JOHNSON'S w ENGLISH DICTIONARY, AS IMPROVED BY TODD, AND ABRIDGED BY CHALMERS ; WITH WALKER'S PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY COMBINED: TO WHICH IS ADDED. WALKERS KEY CLASSICAL PRONUNCIATION OF GREEK, LATIN, AND SCRU PROPER NAMES. PHILADELPHIA : PUBLISHED BY GRIFFITH & SIMOI No. 188 NORTH THIRD STREET. 1844. DISTRICT OP MASSACHUSETTS, to wit: District Clerk'; Be it REMEMBpupn Th af «„.!,• . Vistrut Clerk's OMce. ««36?3£fa Todd and abridged by Chalmers; with Walker's Pro Latin, and Scripture Proper Names » dded ' Walker ' s Key to the Classical Pronunciation of Greek,' ^XSt^&ff^S^^ SSMrr r U,ed A " An Act f0r the encouragement of An AcV?n e r Vh^ thGrein me » tio ^ ;» tdSt'o an ac? Sti ledXTiT M , P ro P riet °rs of su?h copies An Act for the encouragement of learning bv sernrina thf " • „ An Act su PPlementary to an act, entitled and proprietors of such copies during the tlmL theriS? mfn^ pie !, of ma .P s ' charts ' a «d books, to the authors arts of designing, engraving, and etching Sorical and o to prims'." f eXt6nding the benefits ^rSof to {£ JNO. W. DAVIS, Clerk of the District of Massachusetts. EXPLANATION OF THE MARKS AND ABBREVIATIONS MADE USE OF IN THIS DICTIONARY, AND OF THE PLAN OF THE WORK. 1. THE asierisk (*), annexed to a word, denotes that it is not to be found in Dr. Johnson's Dictionary, but that it has been added by Mr. Todd. 2. The section (§), annexed to a word, indicates that it is distinguished, by Dr. Johnson or Mr. Todd, as a primitive word, by being printed, in the large Dictionary, in larger letters than the other words, which are regarded as derivatives. i-^ 3. The obelisk (f ), annexed to a word, denotes that it is not to be found in the collection of either Dr. Johnson or Mr. Todd, but that it has been taken from Mr. Walker's Dictionary. 4. Ob. J., placed at the end of the definition of a word, denotes that the word is declared by Dr. Johnson to be obsolete, or not in use. 5. Ob. T. is used in the same manner as the above, with regard to all that portion of the words added by Mr. Todd, wluch he pronounces to be obsolete, or not in use. 6. Mr. Chalmers's Abridgement of Mr. Todd's edition of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary is given entire, with occasional additions from Johnson and Todd. 7. The pronunciation of all the words found in Walker's Critical Pronoun ring Dictionary, is given as it stands in that work. 8. The pronunciation of the words which are not found in Walker's Dictionary, and which comprise almost all those to which an asterisk is annex- ed, and a considerable number of the others, has been added by the Editor, according to Walker's Principles, so far as those Principles could be applied. 9. Walker's Principles of English Pronunciation, and his Remarks on the pronunciation of particular words, are given entire. These Remarks are pre- ceded by a Q^, and followed by a W. 10. In the alphabetical arrangement of words, the letter /(initial) has been separated from J, and the letter U from V. 11. Walker's Key to the Classical Pronunciation of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names, is printed in full. N. B In Mr. Chalmers's Abridgement, the words added by Mr. Todd, and the primitive words, are not distinguished from the rest ; the words pronounced obsolete by Dr. Johnson and Mr. Todd, are not generally thus noted ; and the words beginning with T and U are not separated, in the alphabetical series, from those beginning with / and V ; but these improvements have all been introduced into this edition of the Dictionary. THB SAXON AND ENGLISH ALPHABETS. a A a a B B b b E C c c D D 6 d e E e e F F F f D G h g p H h h I I i i K K k k L L 1 1 OD M m m N N n n o P P P P Q Q cp q R R P r S S r s T T c t U U u u V V V V 113 W p w X X X X Y Y y y Z Z z z ThD, $, p, That$, And -J. JOHNSON'S AND WALKER'S ENGLISH DICTIONARIES, COMBINED 3onton S&tvtotspt fsxntton. THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. TO Dr. Johnson is universally conceded the first rank among English lexicographers ; and to Mr. Waiker is assigned a similar rank among English orthoepists. The Dictionary, which is now offered to the public, is founded upon the great work of Johnson, corrected and enlarged by Mr. Todd ; and it embraces, also, the entire labours of Walker on the pronunciation of the language. It has been formed on such a plan as to comprise all the most important materials, and to answer all the essential uses, of a Dictionary for understanding, writing, and speaking the English language ; and, at the same time, to enable the reader to see, as far as possible, on whose authority every tiling rests. By the preceding explanations, one may not only have a general understanding of the plan of the work, but also form an idea of the nature and extent of the duty and responsibility of the Editor. Some further remarks, however, on the different parts of the volume, may not be useless. In this connexion, it will not be improper to insert the titles of the several works (with the exception of that of Walker's Key, which stands in its proper place), on which this Dictionary is founded ; as by these the reader will see what the authors proposed to accomplish. Title of Todd's (second) Edition of Johnson : — "A Dictionary of the Eng- lish Language : in which the Werds are deduced from their Originals ; and illustrated in their different Significations, by Examples from the best Writers, together with a History of the Language, and an English Grammar : by Samuel Johnson, LL. D. : — with numerous Corrections, and with the Addi- tion of several thousand Words, as also with Additions to the History of the Language and to the Grammar : by the Rev. H. J. Todd, M. A., F. S. A., and M. R. S. L., Chaplain in ordinary to Ins Majesty, and Rector of Set- trington, County of York. 5 ' Title of Chalmers's Abridgement : — " A Dictionary of the English Lan- guage : in which the Words are deduced from their Originals, explained in their different Meanings, and authorized by the Names of the Writers in whose Works they are found : by Samuel Johnson, LL. D. : — abridged from the Rev. H. J. Todd's corrected and enlarged [first] quarto Edition : by Alexander Chalmers, F. S. A." Title of Walker's Dictionary : — " A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary, and Expositor of the English Language : in which not only the Meaning of every Word is clearly explained, and the Sound of every Syllable distinctly shown, but, where Words are subject to different Pronunciations, the Authori- ties of our best Pronouncing Dictionaries are fully exhibited, the Reasons for each are at large displayed, and the preferable Pronunciation is pointed out : to which are prefixed, Principles of English Pronunciation : in which the Sounds of Letters, Syllables, and Words, are critically investigated, and systematically arranged ; the Influence of the Greek and Latin Accent and Quantity on the Accent and Quantity of the English, is thoroughly examined, and clearly defined ; and the Analogies of the Language are so fully shown as to lay the Foundation of a consistent and rational Pronunciation : like wise, Rules to be observed by the Natives of Scotland, Ireland, and London for avoiding their respective Peculiarities ; and Directions to Foreigners for Vlh THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. acquiring a Knowledge of the Use of this Dictionary : the whole interspersed with Observations, Etymological, Critical, and Grammatical: by John Walker, Author of Elements of Elocution, Rhyming Dictionary, he. he" Dr. Johnson's large Dictionary was first published in 1755. During the space of upwards of seventy years, which have since passed away, the English language has undergone considerable change ; and if, to use the words of the great lexicographer, " no dictionary of a living tongue can ever be perfect, since, while it is hastening to publication, some words are budding, and some falling away," his work must necessarily display the language more imperfectly now, than at the time of its first appearance. He observes, that he " fixed Sidney's work" (Sir Philip Sidney, who died in 1586) " for the boundary, beyond which he made few excursions." But the earlier English authors have of late excited so much attention, as to render a glossary of their productions desirable. Mr. Todd has, accordingly, undertaken to adapt the Dictionary to the present taste with regard to English literature, by inserting the words found in the old, and heretofore neglected, writers ; and also to the present state of the language, by adding such words as have come into use since the first publication of the work. By turning over the pages of this volume, and observing the words which are marked as added by Mr. Todd, one will readily perceive that a dictionary, which was destitute of all such, would be extremely defective. But on the labours of Mr. Todd, which indicate very extensive reading, especially as it regards the early English writers, it is unnecessary to enlarge, as his own account of them is presented to the reader. The following notice is prefixed to Mr. Chalmers's Abridgement : — " This volume contains every word in Mr. Todd's edition of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary ; and above fourteen thousand more than were given in Dr. Johnson's Abridge- ment. The whole forms the most extensive vocabulary ever published, and, in consequence of the additions introduced by Mr. Todd, it becomes a com- plete glossary of the early English writers." Mr. Chalmers's work was formed from Mr. Todd's first edition. His second edition, which was published in February, 1827, contains nearly a thousand additional words, and was re- ceived in season to have these inserted in the Appendix of this Dictionary. These, together with the other words newly added, increase the excess above the number of words in Dr. Johnson's Abridgement to upwards of fifteen thousand. Dr. Johnson's Preface to his large Dictionary, Mr. Todd's Advertisements and Introduction, and Walker's Preface, together with all his introductory matter, as well as his Principles of English Pronunciation, are inserted in full ; as it was thought the work would be rendered less satisfactory by the omission ot any part of them. The Dictionary, properly so called, comprising the vocabulary of words, with their definitions, &c, is formed chiefly by a union of Mr. Chalmers's Abridgement and Walker's Pronouncing Dictionary ; but with the omission of Walker's definitions, except with regard to those words in his Dictionary (not much exceeding one hundred in number), which are not found in Mr. Todd's edition of Johnson. In many instances, in which the Editor has observed the omission by Mr. Chalmers of something particularly important, he has ex- tracted from Dr. Johnson or Mr. Todd additional matter or remarks, etymo- 'ogical, explanatory, or critical. To the words contained in this Dictionaiy, which are not found in Walker's, the pronunciation has been added, according to Walker's Principles, so far as those Principles could be applied ; and this was easily done, with respect to most of them. A considerable number, however, some of them words now out of use, others local or provincial, and rarely found in books, and others from foreign languages, and not anglicised, presented more or less difficulty. Respecting those words, with regard to which Walker's method failed to THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. j x furnish him with a guide, the Editor has availed himself of such other aids as he could obtain ; but some words he has left unpronounced, and with respect to some, to which he has added the pronunciation, he may have fallen into error : he hopes, however, the instances will not be found numerous or important. With respect to many words of doubtful pronunciation, or concerning which orthoepists differ, and particularly those respecting which Walker has omitted to exhibit this difference, the Editor has introduced the pronunciation of others, with the names of the authorities, enclosed in brackets; yet, in all cases, making use of Walker's method of notation. By this means, the Dictionary has been rendered more satisfactory; as, in all doubtful cases, it must be agreeable to those who consult it, to see the different modes of different orthoepists ; and, in some instances, most persons will probably prefer the pronunciation of some other, to that of Walker. When the name of Perry is introduced, reference is always had to his " Synonymous, Etymological, and Pronouncing English Dictionary," in royal 8vo, which was first published in 1805, and which differs, in the pronunciation of many words, from Perry's " Royal Standard English Dictionary." The latter work, which is often re- ferred to by Walker, has heretofore had a very extensive circulation in this country, and has been of great influence in fixing the prevailing pronunciation, especially in the Northern States. But the larger work of Perry, which is little known among us, and which does not appear to have been at all used by Walker, is found to agree with him in many cases, in which the other differs from him. The Appendix contains all the , words newly added by Mr. Todd in hs second edition ; a number of words, that are found in the body of the Dictionary, here repeated for the sake of some correction or remark ; a few words of unquestionable authority, which were omitted by Dr. Johnson and Mr. Todd ; and some words which are more or less used in America. The Editor, however, has not undertaken to supply all the authorized English words, which are omitted, nor to remark upon all that are imperfectly exhibited, in the Dictionary ; but he has noticed such only as readily occurred to him, without any extended research. There are some words, which have grown out of our peculiar institutions and local circumstances, and some new uses of authorized English words, which are not to be condemned ; but there are other new words, which have sprung up among us, and new applications of old ones, which deserve no countenance. The number of Americanisms, however, which are properly so called, is not great. Some words, which have been so considered, are to be found in the writings of Englishmen, as well as Americans ; and many others had their origin in Great Britain, and are still known in some parts of that country as provincialisms, though they are not often found in books. In preparing the Appendix, the Editor has made a free use of the Vocabulary of Americanisms, by his learned and respected friend, Mr. Pickering, who furnished him with his interleaved copy, containing much useful information in manuscript ; but who has been obliged, on account of his professional engage- ments, to decline rendering those further services, which were hoped from him, in regard to this part of the work. He has also been permitted to use an interleaved copy of the same Vocabulary, belonging to the Rev. Dr. Porter of Andover, from which he obtained some valuable materials. To Mr. Pick- ering's work, which was published in 1816, and which has had a salutary influence on our literature, by calling the attention of our scholars to the occa- sional deviations of American writers from pure English, a reference is always given, in noticing such words as are found in it. In many cases, however, in which a reference is made, the information here given is not wholly taken from x THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. that volume ; though, on most of the articles, it contains much more than could be properly admitted here. As many of the words in Mr. Pickering's book are now to be found among the additions of Mr. Todd, there was no occasion to insert such, except in a few instances, in the Appendix. Reference has also been made to Mr. Webster's Dictionary (published in 1806), with regard to such of the words as are found in that work, from which the definitions of them have also been partly taken. The plan of this Dictionary precluded the Editor from going into any discussion of doubtful or disputed topics ; yet, concise and imperfect as the Appendix is, he hopes it will not be found entirely useless Care has been taken to present a corrected edition of Walker's Key. Many errors and inconsistencies have been detected in the different English and American editions which have been examined ; and in some instances, it has been difficult to ascertain what was the real pronunciation intended by the author. The Key has been improved by exhibiting the variations of Perry and of Fulton and Knight, with regard to Scripture Proper Names. Though Walker may be regarded, in most cases, as the highest single authority, yet there are instances, in which the pronunciation of the others may be esteemed preferable ; and it may also be satisfactory to the American reader to know, that, with regard to nearly all the words not contained in the lists of the va- riations of Perry and of Fulton and Knight, their pronunciation coincides with his. The lAst of Authors, with the reigns in which they flourished (which is abridged from that of Mr. Todd, yet containing all the names that he enumer- ates), will not be without benefit to many who may make use of the Dictionary, as it will, in various cases, afford assistance in determining the authority of words, and whether they are of long standing, or of recent introduction into the language. Many of the words added by Mr. Todd are taken from Provincial Glossaries, and many are derived from the early English writers. Of the latter, many more are now entirely obsolete than are so noted by him ; and the reader, on finding no other than an old writer quoted as an authority for an uncommon word, will naturally conclude that it is not now in use. In this Dictionary the orthography of Dr. Johnson and Mr. Todd remains unaltered, with the exception of a few instances hereafter mentioned. " Dr. Johnson's Dictionary," says Mr. Nares, " has nearly fixed the external form of our language." Before the publication of that work, the orthography of the English language was very unsettled ; and even now, there are many words, with regard to which it is far from being uniform. Some of the principal varieties are those which relate to the use of k at the end of words of more than one syllable, when preceded by c; as, critick or critic, publick or public; and the u in the last syllable of such words as favour, honour, he. The final k is retained in all the editions, both of Johnson's large Dictionary, and his Abridgement. It is also found in most of the dictionaries that were published before that of Johnson ; — in Minsheu's (Spanish and English ) ; in Cotgrave*s (French and English) ; in Sherwood's (English and French) ', in Holyoke's (Latin and English) ; in Gouldman's (Latin and English) ; in Little- ton s (Latin and English) ; in B oyer's (French and English) ; and in the English Dictionaries of Coles, Phillips, and Bailey : but on the other hand, it is omitted in Ainsworth's Dictionary (Latin and English, folio edition of 1752.) Of the dictionaries which have been published since Johnson's, it is retained in Sheridan's, Walker's, and Jones's ; also in Kenrick's, in substantives, but omit- ted in adjectives. Of the English dictionaries which have appeared sincr, the £rst publication of Johnson's, the following, namely, Fenning's, Entick's, Bar- THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. Xi day's, Ash's, Dyche's, Scott's, Perry's, and Fulton and Knight's, omit the k , and it is likewise omitted in the popular English spelling books. Walker remarks, that its " omission is too general to be counteracted, even by the authority of Johnson." The general usage, both in England and America, is, at present, so strongly in favour of its omission, that the retaining of it seems now to savour of affectation or singularity. The omission of the u, in words ending with the syllable our, or or, is much less common than that of the final k. It is uniformly retained in all the dictionaries above enumerated, with the exception of Entick's and Ash's, in one class of words ; as, favour, honour, he. : though it is omitted in most of them in another class of words ; as, inferior, superior, horror, terror, he. Although Mr. Todd has not made any considerable changes in the orthog- raphy of Johnson, yet he has altered the spelling in a number of instances. The words abridgement, acknowledgement, and judgement, Johnson writes without the silent e in the penultimate syllable, though he writes lodgement with it. In all these words, Mr. Todd inserts the silent e. The inconsistencies with re- gard to the orthography of the following words, as they are found in Johnson, have been removed by Mr. Todd : — namely, moveable, moveableness, unremovea- hie, unremoveably, immovable, immovably, removable ; docile, indocil ; chastely, chastness. In the word movable, and its derivatives, Mr. Todd omits the e in the antepenultimate syllable, and he writes indocile and chasteness. But there are other inconsistencies, equally obvious, which Mr. Todd has suffered to remain unaltered ; as may be seen in the following words : — ache, toothache, headach ; ambergris, verdigrise ; anteriour, posterior ; interiour, exterior; apprized, unapprised; bias, unbiass ; bigoted, unbigotted ; brier, sweetbriar ; burrow (a hole made by conies), conyborough ; connexion, dis- connection ; controllable, uncontroulable. The words in Italics are conceived to be deviations from the right orthography, according to Johnson's princi- ples, and they have been altered in this Dictionary. But there are some other inconsistencies, which have not been removed, as may be seen in the following words : — imbitter, disembitter ; imbody, disembody ; imbosom, disembosom ; re- call, miscal ; waterfall, overfal ; stanch, unstaunched. There are several words which often appear, in the best modern publications, in a different orthography from that found in the dictionaries ; among which are connexion, control, meager, and raindeer ; which we often see written connection, controul, meagre, and reindeer. There is a great want of uniform- ity in the mode of writing the plural of those nouns, which, in the singular, end in ey ; as, valley, valleys or vallies ; attorney, attorneys or attornies, he. The rule of Perry and of Murray, in such cases, is explicit : — " Nouns of the singular number," says the former, " ending in ey, require the addition of s only, for the formation of their plural; as, attorney, attorneys; chimney, chim- neys.''' Johnson, in cases of this sort, is not always consistent ; but, in this Dictionary, the orthography of such plurals has been made to conform to the rule here quoted. And, as a general principle, the orthography of words throughout the volume, has been rendered conformable to that which stands in the alphabetical series. The first edition of Walker's " Critical Pronouncing Dictionary " was pub- lished in 1791 ; and the fourth edition (which was the last that was printed *mder his superintendence) was published in 1806. This is regarded as the best, and it has been made the standard, in editing the present work. Since the death of Walker, which took place in 1807, his Dictionary has passed through numerous editions in England ; and it has also been stereotyped bodi in that country and in this. T1 J THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. Walker, in preparing his Dictionary, made pronunciation his principal object : and for this his work is chiefly valued. His explanations of words are profes- sedly copied almost wholly from Johnson ; but on the pronunciation of the English language, no other person, probably, ever bestowed so much attention. He studied the analogy of the language with care, and took great pains to ascer- tain the prevailing usage. His design was, as he expresses it, " principally to give a kind of history of pronunciation, and a register of its present state." The following remarks of his show what advantages he enjoyed for giving such a register : — " To a man born, as I was, within a few miles of the capital [London], living in the capital almost my whole life, and exercising myself there in public speaking for many years ; to such a person, if to any one, the true pronunciation of the language must be very familiar." * Sheridan's Dictionary, which was published in 1780, had considerable reputation ; though it was universally acknowledged to have great defects ; and it was superseded by that of Walker. The latter, however, has not been supplanted by any more recent work, but still maintains its popularity, and con- tinues to undergo frequent reimpressions. Since the publication of Walker's Dictionary, there have appeared in Great Britain two small Pronouncing Dictionaries, which have been favourably received ; one by Stephen Jones, of London, and the other by G. Fulton and G. Knight, of Edinburgh. The authors of both these works have been much indebted to Walker, and do not withhold from him a tribute of commen- dation. Fulton and Knight observe, that " Sheridan and Walker, by their Dictionaries, have afforded the most effectual means of acquiring an accurate pronunciation." " On the useful invention of Mr. Sheridan," says Mr. Jones, " a valuable improvement had been made by the late Mr. Walker, whose Dictionary is a work of much labour and great merit." But, though Walker holds the first rank as an orthoepist, yet he ought not to be implicitly followed. The ultimate standard of pronunciation is not his mere authority, nor that of any other individual ; but it is the usage of literary and wellbred society ; and so far, and so far only, as his Dictionary is an accurate register of such usage, is it proper, according to his own principles, that it should be relied upon as a guide. It may not be without use to make here some strictures on the real or supposed defects of Walker, and to exhibit a comparison, in a few points, between his system and those of others, who have preceded or followed him in the same department of literature. This comparison, together with the varieties exhibited in the Dictionary, with regard to words of doubtful or various pronunciation, will enable the reader to understand the most important points of difference among the most distinguished orthoepists. It should be remembered, that, when these writers speak of the pronunciation of the lan- guage, and exhibit their systems of notation, they intend to give us that finished and exact pronunciation, which would be used in public speaking, and not the more lax and careless utterance, which is often heard in familiar conversation. Walker has been thought to be too sparing in the use of his second, or Ital- ian sound of a, as heard in far and father. In the following words, and their compounds, he pronounces a with its fourth sound, as in fat ; but Nares and Jones give it the sound of a in father : — * Walker's employment, as a teacher of elocution, was among the higher classes, and best educated people of England. The following testimony to his merit, from the great'statesman and orator, Edmund Burke, is worthy of being recorded: — " One of the persons who particularly solicited Mr. Burke's exertions on this occasion, was Mr. (or, as he was commonly termed), Elocution Walker, author of the Pronouncing Dictionary, and other works of merit, and who had given lessons in the art to young Burke. * * * Mr. Burke, one day, in the vicinity of the House of Commons, introduced him to a nobleman, accidentally passing, with the "following characteristic exoidium: — ' Here, my Lord Berkeley, is Mr. Walker, whom not to know, by name at least, would argue want of knowledge of the harmonies, cadences, and proprieties of our language.' " Prior's Life of Burke, second London Edition, vol. ii. pp. 365, 366. THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. xiu advance, advantage, after, aghast, alexander, answer, ant, ask, bask, basket, bastard, blast, bombast, branch, brass, cask, casket, cast, ensample, last, raft, castle, example, masculine, rafter, chaff, fast, mask, rasp, chance, flask, mass, repast, chant, gasp* mast, sample, clasp, ghastly, mastiff, shaft, class, glance, nasty, slander, complaisant, glass, paragraph, slant, contrast, graff, pass, staff, craft, graft, past, task, dance, grant, pastern, trance, dastard, grasp, pasture, vast, draff, grass, pastor, waft draft, hasp, pasty, draught, jasper, plaster, enchant, lance, plastic, enhance, lass, quaff, With regard to most of the words in the preceding list, Perry agrees in his pronunciation with Nares and Jones. Fulton and Knight also agree with them, as it respects a considerable part ; but with regard to a portion of these words, they adopt an intermediate sound of a, not so short as a in fat, nor so broad as a in father. Walker has been censured for not making a distinction, in his notation, between the sound of a in bare, fare, hair, pair, &c, and in fate, pale, name, &c. This, however, is not a defect peculiar to Walker, but is common to him with other orthoepists. No distinction is made in the sound of a, in these words, by Kenrick, Sheridan, Nares, Jones, or Fulton and Knight ; and our country- man, Mr. Webster, in his Spelling Book, places them all under the first, or long sound of a. There is, however, an obvious distinction in the sound, as the words are pronounced in this country ; and the same distinction is said to be preserved in England ; and it was used by Walker himself, in his own pronunciation, if we may rely upon the testimony of one of his pupils. Whether these orthoepists did not perceive the distinction, or whether, if they did perceive it, they did not think it sufficiently important to recognise it in their notation, it may be difficult to ascertain. Perry, however, in his " Synonymous, Etymological, and Pronouncing Dictionary," has very properly made the distinction. The sound of long a, as in /ate, he marks thus, a, ; and the sound of a in bare, thus, a ; and, generally, when the sound of long a, or what is so considered by other orthoepists, is followed by r, as in care, bear, fair, trans- parent, he, he marks it in like manner, distinguishing it from long a, in fate, name, he. It is not improbable, that all the other orthoepists made the same distinction, in their practice, that Perry has made in his notation. The manner in which the sounds of the vowels are affected by being fol- lowed by the letter r, in words of one syllable, or in words of more than one syllable, when the following syllable begins with any other consonant than r, has not always been sufficiently attended to. Sheridan has not introduced, in any instance, what Walker designates as the second sound of a, as in far, and father, but marks a in far, par, cart, part, he, with the same sound as in hat, carry, parry, fee. : nor does Perry introduce what Walker marks as the third sound of o, as in nor ; but he marks o in border and sordid widi the same short sound as in borrow and sorrow ; and both he and Sheridan mark o in for and nor with the short sound, as in lot. There is an obvious difference in the sound of u, as heard in cur, curb, fur, hurdle, &c, from its proper short sound in burrow, curry, furrow, duck, &c. ; but we do not know that this difference has been noticed by any orthoepist. Xi v THE EDITOR'S PREFACE With regard to the sound of oo, Walker remarks (Prin., No. 307), " It has a shorter sound, corresponding to the u in bull, in the words wool, wood, good, hood, foot, stood, understood, withstood ; and these are the only words where this diphthong has this middle sound." This remark of Walker is doubt- less erroneous, as this sound is given by common usage to the oo in several other words. Besides the words above enumerated, Perry and Jones give the same sound to oo in book, brook, cook, crook, hook, look, shook, and took . to these Perry adds hoop (for casks), and Jones adds soot and rook. Walker's method of representing the sound of i and y, unaccented, by long e, has been considered, by Jones and some others, as a defect in his system. The objection here lies against the stress, rather than the quality of the sound. The last two syllables of the word affinity, as marked by different orthoepists, will serve to indicate their respective methods of notation, with regard to the unac cented i and y : — af-fin'-ne-te, Walker : af-fin'-i-ty, Perry : af-nV-ny-ty, Sheridan and Jones : af-nV-e-te, Fulton and Knight. These several authors doubtless intended that this word should be pronounced in precisely the same manner ; and, whichever method may be deemed the most happy, no person is in danger of being misled by either. Walker has been censured for inserting a slight sound of y before a, i, and y, in certain words ; as, guard, guide, kind, marked gyard, gyide, kyind. The same method, however, is used by Sheridan, Jones, and Fulton and Knight ; except that Sheridan omits the y in guard. It is difficult to represent the ob- scure softening here intended, by any notation ; and it must be confessed that, by many speakers, it is carried to such excess as to have the appearance of gross affectation. It may be remarked, however, that the insertion of this sound is not a modern innovation. It was taken notice of by Steele, in his English Grammar, as long ago as the reign of Queen Anne, and was men- tioned before that time by Ben Jonson. Among later writers, Dr. Beattie countenances it, and Mr. Nares condemns it. (See Prin., Nos. 92 and 160.) The sound of ch, after I and n, Walker represents by sh; as, bench, branch, filch, pronounced bensh, bransh, jilsh ; and in this he is followed by Fulton and Knight. Sheridan and Jones, however, use tsh instead of sh; as, bentsh, brantsh, filtsh ; but the difference of sound is very slight. When d comes after the accent, and is followed by the diphthongs ia or ie, the triphthongs iou or eou, or the vowel u, Walker allows it, in many words, to take the sound of/; but in this he is not always consistent with himself: for in some cases he gives both sounds, d and j, in others d only, and in others j only, without any apparent reason for the difference. The following words, with their pronunciation, will illustrate his manner, and also indicate some want of consistency : — odious, o'-de-us, or 6'-je-us ; arduous, ar'-jii-us ; tedious, to'-de-us, or te'-je-us ; hideous, hid'-e-us, or hid'-je-us ; obedient, 6-be'-je-ent; immediate, im-me'-de-at, or im-me'-je-at disobedient, dis-o-be'-de-ent ; Sheridan, in such cases, often substitutes dzh, or dy, for d. The same words are pronounced by him in the following manner : — o'-dzhus, o-be'-dzhent, ar'-du-us, im-me'-dyat te'-dzhus, dls-o-be'-dzhent, hld'-yus, Perry and Jones, in such cases, preserve the pure sound of the d. Fulton and Knight, though they differ from Sheridan anoVJWalker in their method THE EDITORS PREFACE. XT of representing the pronunciation, yet, in many cases, depart from the pure sound of the d. They pronounce the above words as follows : — o'-dyus, o-be'-dyent, ar'-du-us, im-me'-dyat. te'-dyus, dis-o-be'-dyent, hid'-yus, One of the most important points in Walker's system, with respect to which there is a diversity of opinion among the learned, relates to his pronunciation of t, when it comes after the accent, and is followed by u ; as in the words na- ture, natural, virtue, which, according to him, here takes the sound of tsh, the words being pronounced na'-tshure, nat'-tshu-ral, ver'-tshu. Sheridan and Jones give the same sound to t when so situated ; though they and Walker do not always agree with each other in the application of the rule. But the Scot- tish orthoepists, Perry and Fulton and Knight, on the other hand, allow the t, so situated, to retain its pure sound. Walker remarks (Prin., No. 463), " Nor is this tendency of t before long u found only when the accent immediately precedes ; for we hear the same as- piration of this letter in spiritual, spirituous, signature, ligature, forfeiture, where the accent is two syllables before these letters." But in his notation he gives t, in the words signature and ligature, its simple sound ; nor is he consistent with regard to various other words in the same predicament. To t, in the following words, aperture, caricature, confiture, decumbiture, dis- temperature, duplicature, entablature, foliature, legislature, and overture, he gives the sound of tsh; while to t, in the following, intemperature, investiture* limature, nutriture, portraiture, prefecture, prelature, primogeniture, quadra- ture, sepulture, serrature, tablature, and temperature, he gives its simple sound. With regard to most of the preceding words, there is certainly no good reason for the difference in the pronunciation of the last syllable. As the word caricature, according tc Walker, has the accent on the last syllable, it is di- rectly contrary to his rule (No. 463), to aspirate the t. It is, doubtless, to be regarded as an oversight ; and it has been corrected, so as to make it con- form to his rule. In the word legislature, the t, in the early editions of Walker's Dictionary, had its pure sound ; but in the fourth edition it is aspi- rated. The reason of his making a distinction between legislature and litera- ture, in this particular, appears to be, that, according to him, the former has the secondary accent on the penultimate, and the latter on the last syllable.' Though the principle, that the usage of literary and wellbred society forms the standard of pronunciation, may not be disputed, still the question may be asked, Where shall we seek this usage ? The English language is spoken in countries remote from each other, each of which has its peculiarities ; and even in the different parts of England there are great diversities, It is, in- deed, impossible that all who speak the language, should be made to conform exactly to the same standard. But London is doubtless to be regarded not only as the political and commercial metropolis of the British empire, but also the metropolis of English literature ; and the usage of her polite speakers is of higher authority, generally, to the numerous and widely dispersed peo- ple who speak the English language, than that of any other city ; as is the fact with regard to other capital cities; the usage of the polite speakers of Paris and Madrid, for example, being of the highest authority with those who speak the French and Spanish languages. An orthoepist, therefore, who is conversant with the best society of London, has, by this circumstance, other things being equal, a superiority over those who do not possess this ad- vantage. In this respect, no one has been more favourably situated than Walker ; and, in the pronunciation of the great mass of words in the language, he is sup- X vi THE EDITOR'S PREFACE. ported by subsequent writers. The characteristic differences have been already pointed out ; but these, as it regards most of the words affected by them, are slight, and no greater than was to be expected in a matter of such delicacy, and where the ear might be easily misled, unless disciplined by long and care- ful practice. Although the usage of the best society of London is entitled to mere weight than that of any other city, with regard to the many millions who speak the English language ; yet it is not the only circumstance to be considered. The usage of the best society of the particular country or district, in which one re sides, is not to be disregarded. We should have little respect for the taste of him who, if all with whom he was conversant, in the pronunciation of certain words, conformed to the analogy of the language, should deviate from it, be- cause he had learned that such was the practice in London. There are some words, of which the common pronunciation in this country is more con- formable to their orthography and to analogy, than that exhibited by most of the English orthoepists ; as, cucumber, gold, raisin, housewife, Rome, wrath, and wound (rhyming with sound). Walker remarks, that it was formerly the custom, in England, to pronounce merchant mar chant, and that this was probably " the ancient manner of pronouncing every e in the same situation ; but that this analogy is now totally exploded, except with regard to clerk, sergeant, and a few proper names." But in this country, it is not uncommon to give the e in clerk and sergeant the same sound as in merchant and servant. The word asparagus is pronounced here as it is written ; nor is it the fact in this country (as Walker states it to be in England), that " the corruption of sparrowgrass is so gene- ral, that asparagus has an air of stiffness and pedantry." The following words, acceptable, commend' able, receptacle, confess'or, and successor, are generally pronounced, in the United States, with the accent as it is here placed ; nor does there appear to be any good reason for changing it for the accent winch ,'s more fashionable in London. It is common in this country to pronounce are, the plural of the present tense of the verb to be, like the noun air, and were, the preterit plural of the same verb, like the noun ware; and Walker's pronunciation of these words, (ar and wer), has sometimes been called in question, as though it were pecu- liar to him ; but in this pronunciation he is supported by the most popular Eng- lish orthoepists, by Kenrick, Sheridan, Perry, Jones, and Fulton and Knight. With respect to the word therefore, which Walker pronounces therefore, he says (Prin. 94), the e in the first syllable is generally shortened, though he thinks improperly. It is pronounced in the same manner by Sheridan and Fulton and Knight ; but Perry and Jones pronounce the first syllable like the monosyllable there. With what fidelity the Editor of this volume has performed his task, the public will judge. Entire accuracy, in such a work, is not to be attained ; yet he hopes, that, in this respect, this work will bear a favourable compari- son with most others of the kind ; as he is confident it will with the volumes from which it was immediately formed. Many errors may have escaped de- tection, but many have been corrected ; those in Mr. Chalmers's work alone amount to more than two thousand. But for whatever degree of typographical accuracy the work may possess, the Editor cheerfully acknowledges it is much indebted to the care of Mr. S. Phelps, the superintendent of the press at the foundery where it has been stereotyped. J. E.WORCESTER. Cambridge, Nov. 1827. CONTENTS. Page Johnson's Preface to his Abridgement . . . xviii Chalmers's Advertisement xviii Johnson's Preface to his Folio Dictionary xix Todd's Advertisement to his First Edition xxv Todd's Introduction to his First Edition • • • xxvi Todd's Advertisement to his Second Edition xxviii Walker's Preface to his Pronouncing Dictionary 1 Wa-ker's Rules for the Natives of Ireland 5 Walker's Rules for the Natives of Scotland 6 Walker's Directions to Foreigners • 8 Walker's Principles of English Pronunciation 11 Walker's Table of Simple and Diphthongal Vowels 50 TODD'S JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY, as abridged by Chalmers, with WALKER'S CRITICAL PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY, combined 53 Appendix 1035 Walker's Key to the Classical Pronunciation of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names 1055 Variations of Perry in the Pronunciation of Scripture Proper Names 1132 Variations of Fulton and Knight ... 1134 Walker's Observations on the Greek and Latin Accent and Quantity 1135 List of Authors cited as Authorities 1149 2 *• DR. JOHNSON'S PREFACE TO HIS ABRIDGEMENT, FIRST PUBLISHED IN TWO VOLUMES, OCTAVO, 1756. Having been long- employed in the study and cultivation of the English language, I lately published a Dictionary, like those compiled by the academies of Italy and France, for the use of such as aspire to exactness of criticism, or elegance of style. But it has been since considered, that works of that kind are by no means necessary to the greater number of readers, who, seldom intending to write, or presuming to judge, turn over books only to amuse their leisure, and to gain degrees of knowledge suitable to lower characters, or necessary to the common business of life : these know not any other use of a dictionary, than that of adjusting orthography, and explaining terms of science, or words of infrequent occurrence, or remote derivation. For these purposes many dictionaries have been written by different authors, and with different degrees of skill ; but none of them have yet fallen into my hands, by which even the lowest expectations could be satisfied. Some of their authors wanted industry, and others literature : some knew not their own defects, and others were too idle to supply them. For this reason a small dictionary appeared yet to be wanting to common readers ; and as I may, without arrogance, claim to myself a longer acquaintance with the lexicography of our language than any other writer has had, I shall hope to be considered as having more experience, at least, than most of my predecessors, and as more likely to accommodate the nation with a vocabulary of daily use. I therefore offer to the public an abstract or epitome of my former work. In comparing this with other dictionaries of the same kind, it will be found to have several advantages. I. It contains many words not to be found in any other. II. Many barbarous terms and phrases, by which other dictionaries may vitiate the style, are rejected from this. III. The words are more correctly spelled, partly by attention to their etymology, and partly by observation of the practice of the best authors. IV. The etymologies and derivations, whether from foreign languages or from native roots, are more diligently traced, and more distinctly noted. V. The senses of each word are more copiously enumerated, and more clearly explained. VI. Many words occurring in the elder authors, such as Spenser, Shakspeare, and Milton, which had been hitherto omitted, are here carefully inserted ; so that this book may serve as a glossary or expository index to the poetical writers. VII. To the words, and to the different senses of each word, are subjoined from the large Dictionary the names of those writers by whom they have been used; so that the reader, who knows the different periods of the language, and the time of its authors, may judge of the elegance or prevalence of any word, or meaning of a word ; and, without recurring to other books, may know what are antiquated, what are unusual, and what are recommended by the best authority. The words of this Dictionary, as opposed to others, are more diligently collected, more accu- rately spelled, more faithfully explained, and more authentically ascertained. Of an abstract it is not necessary to say more ; and I hope it will not be found that the truth requires me to say less. S. J. CHALMERS'S ADVERTISEMENT. To this Preface, [the preceding one of Dr. Johnson,] which exhibits the design and utility of the Abridgement, it is necessary to add, that the labours, the research, and the extensive reading of Mr. Todd, have enriched the original work with several thousand words, forming, in the whole, the greatest collection, that has ever appeared in any English dictionary. The former editions of Dr. Johnson's Abridgement have been deficient in one respect, which was but recently discovered by a careful comparison with the original. According to the rule which the learned author appears to have prescribed to himself, but of which he has taken no notice in his- Preface, this volume was " an abstract or epitome" in more respects than one. Not content with omitting the authorities as given at full length, and the etymological remarks, (a rule that has been adhered to in the present Abridgement,) Dr. Johnson left out a great number of words, which he probably deemed of inferior importance, but which, in the revolution of lan- guage, have now acquired an equal interest with those admitted. In the work, however, now before the reader, every word in Mr. Todd's valuable edition has been given. A. C. (18) Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE TO THE FOL.IO EDITION OF HIS DICTIONARY. IT is the fate of those, who toil at the lower employ- ments of life, to be rather driven by the fear of evil, than attracted by the prospect of good ; to be exposed to censure without hope of praise; to be disgraced by miscarriage, or punished for neglect, where success would have been without applause, and diligence without reward. Among these unhappy mortals is the writer of diction- aries, whom mankind have considered, not as the pupil, but the slave of science, the pioneer of literature, doomed only to remove rubbish and clear obstructions from the paths, through which Learning and Geniu3 press forward to con- quest and glory, without bestowing a smile on the humble drudge that facilitates their progress. Every other author may aspire to praise ; the lexicographer can only hope to escape reproach ; and even this negative recompense has been yet granted to very few. I have, notwithstanding this discouragement, attempted a dictionary of the English language, which, while it was employed m the cultivation of every species of literature, has itself been hitherto neglected, suffered to spread, un- der the direction of chance, into wild exuberance, resigned to the tyranny of time and fashion, and exposed to the cor- ruptions of ignorance, and caprices of innovation. When I took the first survey of my undertaking, I found pur speech copious without order, and energetick without rules : wherever [ turned my view, there was perplexity to be disentangled, and confusion to be regulated ; choice was to be made out of boundless variety, without any established principle of selection ; adulterations were to be detected, without a settled test of purity ; and modes of expression to be rejected or received, without the suf- frages of any writers of classical reputation or acknowl- edged authority. Having therefore no assistance but from general gram- mar, I applied myself to the perusal of our writers ; and, noting whatever might be of use to ascertain or illustrate any word or phrase, accumulated, in time, the materials of a dictionary, which, by degrees, I reduced to method, establishing to myself, in the progress of the work, such rules as experience and analogy suggested to me ; expe- rience, which practice and observation were continually increasing; and analogy, which, though in some words obscure, was evident in others. In adjusting the ORTHOGRAPHY, which has been to this time unsettled and fortuitous, I found it necessary to distinguish those irregularities that are inherent in our tongue, and perhaps coeval with it, from others which the ignorance or negligence of later writers has produced. Every language has its anomalies, which, though incon- venient, and in themselves once unnecessary, must be tol- erated among the imperfections of human things, and which require only to be registered, that they may not be increased, and ascertained, that they may not be confound- ed ; but every language has likewise its improprieties and absurdities, which it is the duty of the lexicographer to correct or proscribe. As language was at its beginning merely oral, all words of necessary or common use were spoken before they were written ; and, while they were unfixed by any visible signs, must have been spoken with great diversity, as we now observe those who cannot read, catch sounds im- perfectly, and utter them negligently. When this wild and barbarous jargon was first reduced to an alphabet, every penman endeavoured to express as he could the sounds which he was accustomed to pronounce or to re- ceive, and vitiated in writing such words as were already vitiated in speech. The powers of the letters, when they were applied to a new language, must have been vague and unsettled, and therefore different hands would exhibit the same sound by different combinations. From this uncertain pronunciation arise, in a great part, the various dialects of the same country, which will al- ways be observed to grow fewer, and less different, as books are multiplied; and from this arbitrary representa- tion of sounds by letters, proceeds that diversity of spelling observable in the Saxon remains, and, I suppose, in the first books of every nation, which perplexes or destroys analogy, and produces anomalous formations, that, being once incorporated, can never be afterwards dismissed or reformed. Of this kind are the derivatives length from long, strength from strong, darling from dear, breadth from broad, from dry, drought, and from high, height, which Milton, in zeal for analogy, writes highth .- " Quid te ex- emptajuvat spinis depluribus una ?" To change all would be too much, and to change one is nothing. This uncertainty is most frequent in the vowels, which are so capriciously pronounced, and so differently modified, by accident or affectation, not only in every province, but in every mouth, that to them, as is well known to ety- mologists, little regard is to be shown in thedeductioa of one language from another. Such defects are not errours in orthography, but spots of barbarity impressed so deep in the English language, that criticism can never wash them a *ay ; these, there- fore, must be permitted to remain untouched: but many words have likewise been altered by accident, or depraved by ignorance, as the pronunciation of the vulgar has been weakly followed ; and some still continue to be variously written, as authors differ in their care or skill; of these it was proper to inquire the true orthography, which I have always considered as depending on their derivation, and have therefore referred tliem to their original lan- guages : thus I write enchant, enchantment, enchanter, after the French, and incantation after the Latin ; thus entire \s chosen rather than intire, because it passed to us not from the Latin integer, but from the French entier Of many words it is difficult to say whether they were immediately received from the Latin or the French, since, at the time when we had dominions in France, we hatf Latin service in our churches. It is, however, my opinion, that the French generally supplied us ; for we have few Latin words, among the terms of domestick use, which are not French; but many French, which are very remote from Latin. Even in words of which the derivation is apparent, I have been often obliged to sacrifice uniformity to custom; thus I write, in compliance with a numberless majority, convey and inveigh, deceit and receipt, fancy and phan- tom ; sometimes the derivative varies from the primitive, as expla ; t and explanation, repeat and repetition. Some ,ombinations of letters, having the same power, are used indifferently without any discoverable reason of choice, as in choak, choke ; soap, sope ; fewel, fuel, and many others, which 1 have sometimes inserted twice, that those, who search for them under either form, may not search in vain. In examining the orthography of any doubtful word, th« mode of spelling, by which it is inserted in the series t of the dictionary, is to be considered as that to which I give perhaps not often rashly, the preference. I have left, ik the examples, to every author his own practice unmolest- ed, that the reader may balance suffrages, and judge be tween us ; but this question is not alway3 to be determined by reputed or by real learning; some men, intent upon greater things, have thought little on sounds and deriva- tions ; some, knowing in the ancient tongues, have neglect- ed those in which our words are commonly to be sought Thus Hammond writes fecibleness, for feasibleness, be- cause, I suppose, he imagined it derived immediately from the Latin ; and some words, such as dependant, dependent , dependance, dependence, vary their final syllable, as one or another language is present to the writer. In this part of the work, where caprice has long wan- toned without control, and vanity sought praise by petty reformation, I have endeavoured to proceed with a schol- ar's reverence for antiquity, and a grammarian's regard to the genius of our tongue. I have attempted a few alter- ations, and, among those few, perhaps the greater partis from the modern to the ancient practice ; and I hope I may be allowed to recommend to those, whose thoughts have been, perhaps, emplojed too anxiously on verbal' singularities, not to disturb, upon narrow views, or for minute propriety, the orthography of their fathers It Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE. h»s been asserted, that for the law to be known, is of more importance than to be right. Change, says Hooker, is not made without inconvenience, even from worse to bet- ter. There is in constancy and stability a general and lasting advantage, which will always overbalance the slow improvements of gradual correction. Much less ought our written language to comply with the corrup- tions of oral utterance, or copy that which every variation of time or place makes different from itself, and imitate those changes, which will again be changed while imita- tion is employed in observing them. This recommendation of steadiness and uniformity does not proceed from an opinion, that particular com- binations of letters have much influence on human hap- piness, or that truth may not be successfully taught by modes of spelling fanciful and erroneous: I am not yet so lost in lexicography, as to forget that words are the daughters of earth, and that things are the sons of heaven. Language is only the instrument of science, and words are but the signs of ideas : I wish, however, that the in- strument might be less apt to decay, and that signs might be permanent, like the things which they denote. In settling the orthography, I have not wholly neglect- ed the pronunciation, which I have directed, by printing an accent upon the acute or elevated syllable. It will sometimes be found, that the accent is placed by the au- thor quoted on a different syllable from that marked in the alphabetical series ; it is then to be understood, that custom has varied, or that the author has, in my opinion, pronounced wrong. Short directions are sometimes given where the sound of letters is irregular ; and, if they are sometimes omitted, defect in such minute observations will be more easily excused than superfluity. In the investigation both of the orthography and signif- ication of words, their ETYMOLOGY was necessarily to be considered, and they were therefore to be divided into primitives and derivatives. A primitive word is that which can be traced no further to any English root ; thus circumspect, circumvent, circumstance, delude, con- cave, and complicate, though compounds in the Latin, are to us primitives. Derivatives are all those that can be referred to any word in English of greater simplicity. The derivatives I have referred to their primitives with an accuracy sometimes needless ; for who does not see that remoteness comes from remote, lovely from love, concavi- ty from concave, and demonstrative from demonstrate ? but this grammatical exuberance the scheme of my work did not allow me to repress. It is of great importance, in examining the general fabrick of a language, to trace one word from another, by noting the usual modes of der- ivation and inflection; and uniformity must be preserved in systematical works, though sometimes at the expense of particular propriety. Among other derivatives I have been careful to insert and elucidate the anomalous plurals of nouns and pret- erits of verbs, which in the Teutonick dialects are very frequent, and, though familiar to those who have always used them, interrupt and embarrass the learners of our language. The two languages from which our primitives have been derived are the Roman and Teutonick : under the Roman I comprehend the French and provincial tongues ; and under the Teutonick range the Saxon. German, and all their kindred dialects. Most of our polysyllables are Roman, and our words of one syllable are very often Teutonick. In assigning the Roman original, it has, perhaps, some- times happened, that I have mentioned only the Latin, when the word was borrowed from the French ; and, con- sidering myself as employed only in the illustration of my own language, I have not been very careful to observe whether the Latin word be pure or barbarous, or the French elegant o" obsolete. For the Teutonick etymologies I am commonly indebt- ed to Junius and Skinner, the only names which I have forborne to quote when I copied their books : not that I might appropriate their labours or usurp their honours, but that I might spare a perpetual repetition by one gen- eral acknowledgement. Of these, whom I ought not to mention but with reverence due to instructers and benefactors, Junius appears to have excelled in extent of learning, atiti Skinner in rectitude of understanding. Junius was accurately skilled in ail the northern lan- guages ; Skinner probably examined the ancient and remot- er dialects only by occasional inspection into dictionaries : but the learning of Junius is often of no other use than to show him a track by which he might deviate from his purpose, to which Skinner always presses forward by the shortest way. Skinner is often ignorant, but never ridicu- lous. Junius is always full of knowledge ; but his variety distracts his judgement, and his learning is very frequent- ly disgraced by his absurdities. " The votaries of the northern muses will not, perhaps, easily restrain their indignation, when they find the name of Junius thus degraded by a disadvantageous compari- son ; but, whatever reverence is due to his diligence or his attainments, it can be no criminal degiee of censorious- ness to charge that etymologist with want of judgement, who can seriously derive dream from drama, because lift is a drama, and a drama is a dream ,• and who declares, with a tone of defiance, that no man can fail to derive moan from p.ovos, Gr. (monos,) single or solitary, who considers that grief naturally loves fo be alone* Our knowledge of the northern literature is so scanty, that of words undoubtedly Teutonick the oriuinal is not always to be found in any ancient language f and I have therefore inserted Dutch or German substitutes, which I consider not as radical, but parallel, not as the parents, but sisters of the English. The words which are represented as thus related by descent or cognation, do not always agree in sense; for it is incident to words, as to their authors, to degenerate from their ancestors, and to change their manners, when they change their country. It is sufficient, in etymolo^i cal inquiries, if the senses of kindred words be found such as may easily pass inlo each other, or such as may both be referred to one general idea. The etymology, so far as it is yet known, was easily found in the volumes where it is particularly and pro- fessedly delivered ; and, by proper attention to the rules of derivation, the orthography was soon adjusted. But to COLLECT the WORDS of our language was a task of greater difficulty : the deficiency of dictionaries was immediately apparent ; and, when they were exhausted, what was yet wanting must be sought by fortuitous and unguided excursions into books, and gleaned, as industry should find, or chance should offer it, in the boundless chaos of a living speech. My search, however, has been either skilful or lucky ; for I have much augmented the vocabulary. As my design was a dictionary, common or appellative, I have omitted all words which have relation to proper names ; such as Arian,Socinian, Calvinist, Benedictine, Mahometan ; but have retained those of a more genera* nature, as Heathen, Pagan. Of the terms of art I have received such as could be found either in books of science or technical dictionaries; and have often inserted, from philosophical writers, worda which are supported perhaps only by a single authority, and which, being not admitted into general use, stand yet as candidates or probationers, and must depend for their adoption on the suffrage of futurity. The words which our authors have introduced by their knowledge of foreign languages, or ignorance of their own, by vanity or wantonness, by compliance with fashion or lust of innovation, I have registered as they occurred, though commonly only to censure them, ond warn others against the folly of naturalizing useless foreigners to the injury of the natives. I have not rejected any by design, merely because they * That 1 may not appear to have spoken too irreverent- ly of Junius, I have here subjoined a few specimens of his etymological extravagance. Banish, religare, ex banno vel territorio exigere, in exilium agere. G. bannir. It. bavdire, bandeggiare. II bandir. B.bannen. ^Evimediiscriptores6a7t?iiredicebant V. Spelm. in Bannum & in Banleuga. Quoniam vero regionum urbiumq ; limites arduis plerumq ; montibus, altis fluminibus, longis deniq ; flexuosisq ; angustissi- marum viarum anfractibus includebantur, fieri potest id genus limites ban dici ab eo quod Buvvdrai & Bdvvarpoi Tarentinis olim, sicuti tradit Hesychius, vocabantur, al Ao|oi" Kal //J) IOvtsveis b6oi, "obliqua; ac miniine in rectum tendentes via." Ac fortasse quoque hue facit quod Bava? , eodem Hesychio teste, dicebant dpi] arpay yu\n, montes arduos. Empty, emtie, vacuus, inanis. A. S. iEmfclJ Nescio an sint ab l/xfco vel luerdu). Vomo, evomo, vomi- tu evacuo. Videtur interim etymologiam hanc non ob scure firmare codex Rush. Matt. xji. 44. ubi antique scrip turn invenimus ^emoe^eb hit; emetl^. "Invenit earn vacantem." Hill, mons, collis. A. S. hyll. Quod vidcri potest abscissum ex Ko\avn vel ko^uvos. Collis, tumulus, lo- cus in piano edition Horn. II. b. v. 811. can 0£ ris 7rpo~«- ootOe ttoAeoj Ai-eTa Kokuvn. Ubi authori bievium scho- horum KoXihvr) exp. two? eis Hog dvi'i^.v, ye\oo fall off, to apostatize ; to break off, to stop abruptly; to bear out, to justify; to fall in, to comply ; to give over, to cease ; to set off, to embellish; to set in, to begin a continual tenour; to set out, to begin a course or jour- ney; to take off, to copy ; with innumerable expressions of the same kind, of which some appear wildly irregular, being so far distant from the sense of the simple words, that no sagacity will be able to trace the steps by which they arrived at the present use. These I have noted with great care; and, though 1 cannot Hatter myself that the collection is complete, 1 believe 1 have so far assisted the students of our language, that this kind of phraseology will be no longer insuperable, and the combinations of verbs and particles, by chance omitted, will be easily ex- plained by comparison with those that may be found. Many words yet stand supported only by the name of Bailey, Ainsworth, Phillips, or the contracted Diet, for Dictionaries subjoined; of these I am not always certain that they are read in any book but the works of lexicog- raphers. Of such f have omitted many, because i had never read them ; and many I have inserted, because they may perhaps exist, though they have escaped my notice': they are, however, to be yet considered as resting only upon the credit of former dictionaries. Others, which I considered as useful, or known to be proper, though 1 could not at present support them by authorities, 1 have uiTered to stand upon my own attestation, claiming the same privilege with my predecessors, of being sometimes credited without proof. The words, thus selected and disposed, are grammati- cally considered ; they are referred to the different parts of speech; traced, when they are irregularly inflected, through their various terminations; and illustrated by observations, not indeed of great or striking importance, separately considered, but necessary to the elucidation of our language, and hitherto neglected or forgotten by English grammarians. Ihat part of my work, on which I expect malignity most frequently to fasten, is the Explanation ; in which I can- not hope to satisfy those, who are, perhaps, not inclined to be pleased, since 1 havo not always been able to satisfy myself. To interpret a language by itself is very diffi- cult; many words cannot be explained by synonymes, be- cause the idea signified by them has not more than one appellation; nor by paraphrase, because simple ideas j cannot be described. When the nature of things is un- known, or the notion unsettled and indefinite, anil various in various minds, the words by which such noliona are conveyed, or such things denoted, will be ambiguous and perplexed. And such is the fate of hapless lexicography, that not only darkness, but light, impedes and distresses it ; tilings may be not only too little, but too much known, to be happily illustrated. To explain, requires the use of terms less abstruse than that which is to be explained, and such terms cannot always be found ; for, as nothing can be proved but by supposing something intuitively known, and evident without proof, so nothing can be de- lined but oy the use of words too plain to admit a defi- nition. Other words there are, of which the sense is too subtle and evanescent to be fixed in a paraphrase ; such are alP those which are by the grammarians termed expletives, and, in dead languages, are suffered to pass for empty sounds, of no other use than to fill a verse, or to modulate a period, but which are easily perceived in living tongues to have power and emphasis, though it be sometimes such as no other form of expression can convey. My labour has likewise been much increased by a class of verbs too frequent in the English language, of which the signification is so loose and general, the use so vague and indeterminate, and the senses detorte-1 so widely from the first idea, that it is hard to trace them through the maze of variation, to catch them on the brink of utter in- anity, to circumscribe them by any limitations, or inter- pret them by any words of distinct and settled meaning : such are bear, break, come, cast, fall, get, give, do, put, set, go, run, make, take, turn, throto. if of these tho whole power is not accurately delivered, it must be re- membered, that, while our language is yet living, and va- riable by the caprice of every one that speaks it, these words are hourly shifting their relations, and can no more be ascertained in a dictionary, than a grove, in the agita- tion of a storm, can be accurately delineated from its pic- ture in the water. The particles are among all nations applied with so great latitude, that they are not easily reducible under any regular scheme of explication ; this difficulty is not less, nor perhaps greater, in English than in other lan- guages. I have laboured them with diligence, I hope with success ; such at least as can be expected in a task, which no man, however learned or sagacious, has yet been able to perform. Some words there are which I cannot explain, because I do not understand them : these might have been omitted very often with little inconvenience, but I would not so far indulge my vanity as to decline this confession: for, when Tully owns himself ignorant whether lessiis, in tlio Twelve Tables, means a. funeral song, or mourning gar- ment ; and Aristotle doubts whether ovptvs, in the Iliad, signifies a mule, or muleteer, I may surely, without shame, leave some obscurities to happier industry or fu- ture information. The rigour of interpretative lexicography requires that the explanation, and the word explained, should be al- ways reciprocal ,• this I have always endeavoured, but could not always attain. Words are seldom exactly sy- nonymous ; a new term was not introduced, but because the former was thought inadequate ; names, therefore, have often many ideas, but few ideas have many names. It was then necessary to use the proximate word ; for the deficiency of single terms can very seldom be supplied by circumlocution ; nor is the inconvenience great of such mutilated interpretations, because the sense may easily be collected entire from the examples. In every word of extensive use, it was requisite to mark the progress of its meaning, and show by what gradations of intermediate sense it has passed from its primitive to its remote and accidental signification ; so that every foregoing explanation should tend to that which follows, and the scries be regularly concatenated from the first no- tion to the last. This is specious, but not always practicable; kindred senses may be so interwoven, tha't the perplexity cannot be disentangled, nor any reason be assigned why one should be ranged before the other. When the radical idea branch- es out into parallel ramifications, how can a consecutive series be formed of senses in their nature collateral ? Tho shades of meaning sometimes pass imperceptibly into each ! other ; so that, though on one side they apparently differ, J yet it is impossible to mark the point of contact. Ideaa of the same race, though not exactly alike, are sometimes so little different, that no words can express the dissi- militude, though the mind easily perceives it, when they I are exhibited together ; and sometimes there ia such a XXII Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE confusion of acceptations, that discernment is wearied, and distinction puzzled, and perseverance herself hur- ries to an end, by crowding together what she cannot Beparatc. These complaints of difficulty will, by those that have never considered words beyond their popular use, be thought only the jargon of a man willing to magnify his labours, and procure veneration to his studies by involu- tion and obscurity. But every art is obscure to those that have not learned it : this uncertainty of terms, and com- mixture of ideas, is well known to those who have joined philosophy with grammar; and if I have not expressed them wry clearly, it must be remembered that I am speak- ing of that which words are insufficient to explain. The original sense of words is often driven out of use by their metaphorical acceptations, yet must be inserted for the sake of a regular origination. Thus I know not whether ardour is used for material heat, or whether flagrant, in English, ever signifies the same with burn- ing ; yet such arc the primitive ideas of these words, which are therefore set first, though without examples, that the figurative senses may be commodiously deduced. Such is the exuberance of signification which many words have obtained, that it was scarcely possible to col- lect all their senses j sometimes the meaning of deriva- tives must be sought in the mother term, and sometimes deficient explanations of the primitive may be supplied in the train of derivation. In any case of doubt cr difficulty, it will be always proper to examine all the words of the same race ; for some words are slightly passed over to avoid repetition, some admitted easier and clearer ex- planation than others, and all will be better understood, as they are considered in greater variety of structures and relations. All the interpretations of words are not written with the same skill, or the same happiness : things, equally easy in themselves, are not all equally easy to any single mind. Every writer of a long work commits errours, where there appears neither ambiguity to mislead, nor obscurity to confound him ; and, in a search like this, many felicities of expression will be casually overlooked, many convenient parallels will be forgotten, and many particulars will ad- mit improvement from a mind utterly unequal to the whole performance. But many seeming faults are to be imputed rather to the nature of the undertaking, than the negligence of the performer. Thus some explanations are unavoidably re- ciprocal or circular, as hind, the female of the stag ; stag, the male of the hind : sometimes easier words are ahanged into harder, as burial into sepulture or inter- ment, drier into desiccative, dryness into siccity or arid- ity, fit into paroxysm ; for the easiest word, whatever it be, can never be translated into one more easy. But easi- ness and difficulty are merely relative ; and, if the pres- ent prevalence of our language should invite foreign- ers to this Dictionary, many will be assisted by those words which now seem only to increase or produce obscurity. For this reason I have endeavoured frequent- ly to join a Teutonick or Roman interpretation, as to cheer, to gladden, or exhilarate, that every learner of English may be assisted by his own tongue. The solution of all difficulties, and the supply of all de- fects, must be sought in the examples subjoined to the various senses of each word, and ranged according to the time of their authors. When first I collected these authorities, I was desirous that every quotation should be useful to some other end than the illustration of a word: I therefore extracted from philosophers principles of science ; from historians remarkable facts; from chymists complete processes; from divines striking exhortations ; and from poets beau- tiful descriptions. Such is design, while it is yet at a distance from execution. When the time called upon me to range this accumulation of elegance and wisdom into an alphabetical series, I soon discovered that the bulk of my volumes would fright away the student, and was forced to depart from my scheme of including all that was pleasing or useful in English literature, and reduce my iranscripts very often to clusters of words in which scarce- ly any meaning is retained : thus, to the weariness of copy- ing, I was condemned to add the vexation of expunging. Some passages I have yet spared, which may relieve the labour of verbal searches, and intersperse with verdure and flowers the dusty deserts of barren philology. The examples, thus mutilated, are no longer to be con- sidered as conveying the sentiments or doctrine of their authors: the word for the sake of which they are inserted, with all its appendant clauses, has been carefully pre- served ; but it may sometimes happen, by hasty detrunca- tion, that, the general tendency of the sentence may be changed : the divine may desert his tenets, or the phi- .osopher his system. Some of the examples have been taken from writers who were never mentioned as masters of elegance or models of style; but words must be sought where they are used; and in what pages, eminent for purity, can terms of manu- facture or agriculture be found? Many quotations serve no other purpose than that of proving the bare existence of words, and are therefore selected with less scrupulous- ness than those which are to teach their structures and relations. My purpose was to admit no testimony of living ao thors, that I might not be misled by partiality, and that none of my contemporaries might have reason to com- plain ; nor have I departed from this resolution, but when some' performance of uncommon excellence excited my veneration, when my memory supplied me from late books with an example that was wanting, or when my heart, in the tenderness of friendship, solicited admission for a fa- vourite name. So far have I been from any care to grace my pages with modern decorations, that I have studiously endeav- oured to collect examples and authorities from the writers before the Restoration, whose works I regard as the wells of English undefiled, as the pure sources of genuine dic- tion. Our language, for almost a century, has, by the concurrence of many causes, been gradually departing from its original Teutonick character, and deviating to- ward a Gallick structure and phraseology, from which it ought to be our endeavour to recall it, by making our an- cient volumes the ground work of style, admitting among the additions of later times only such as may supply real deficiencies ; such as are readily adopted by the genius of our tongue, and incorporate easily with our native idioms. But as every language has a time of rudeness antece- dent to perfection, as well as of false refinement and de- clension, I have been cautious lest my zeal for antiquity might drive me into times too remote, and crowd my book with words now no longer understood. 1 have fixed Sid- ney's work for the boundary, beyond which I make few excursions. From the' authors, which rose in the time of Elizabeth, a speech might be formed adequate to all the purposes of use and elegance. If the language of the- ology were extracted from Hooker and the translation of the Bible; the terms of natural knowledge from Bacon; the phrases of policy, war, and navigation, from Raleigh; the dialect of poetry and fiction from Spenser and Sidney ; and the diction of common life from Shakspeare, few ideas would be lost to mankind, for want of English words, in which they might be expressed. It is not sufficient that a word is found, unless it be so combined as that its meaning is apparently determined by the tract and tenour of the sentence ; such passages I have therefore chosen ; and when it happened that any author gave a definition of a term, or such an explanation as is equivalent to a definition, I have placed his authority as a supplement to my own, without regard to the chron- ological order that is otherwise observed. Some words, indeed, stand unsupported by any authori- ty ; but they are commonly derivative nouns or adverbs, formed from their primitives by regular and constant analogy, or names of things seldom occurring in books, or words of which I have reason to doubt the existence. There is more danger of censure from the multiplicity than paucity of examples ; authorities will sometimes seem to have been accumulated without necessity or use, and perhaps some will be found, which might, without loss, have been omitted. But a work of this kind is not hastily to be charged with superfluities : those quotations, which to careless or unskilful perusers, appear only to repeat the same sense, will often exhibit, to a more accu- j rate examiner, diversities of significations, or, at least, af- ford different shades of the same meaning : one will show the word applied to persons, another to things ; one will express an ill, another a good, and a third a neutral sense; one will prove the expression genuine from an ancient author, another will show it elegant from a modern ; a doubtful authority is corroborated by another of more credit ; an ambiguous sentence is ascertained by a pas- sage clear and determinate; the word, how often soever repeated, appears with new associates and in different combinations, and every quotation contributes something to the stability or enlargement of the language. When words are used equivocally, I receive them in either sense ; when they are metaphorical, I adopt them in their primitive acceptation. I have sometimes, though rarely, yielded to the tempta tion of exhibiting a genealogy of sentiments, by showing how one author copied the thoughts and diction of an other: such quotations are indeed little more than repe- titions, which might justly be censured, did they not gratify the mind, by affording a kind of intellectual his- tory. The various syntactical structures occurring in the examples have been carefully noted ; the license or neg- ligence, with which many words have been hitherto u<»ed, has made our style capricious and indeterminate: when the different combinations of the same word are exhibited together, the preference is readily given to propriety, and I have often endeavoured to direct the choice. Thus I have laboured, by settling the orthography di»- Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE. xxiii playing the analogy, regulating the structures, and ascer-i taining tiie signification of English words, to perform all j the parts of a faithful lexicographer: but I have not i always executed my own scheme, or satisfied my own ex- | pectation9. The work, whatever proofs of diligence and I attention it may exhibit, is yet capable of many improve- ments: the orthography which I recommend is still con- trovertible; the etymology which I adopt is uncertain, and perhaps frequently erroneous ; the explanations are sometimes too much contracted, and sometimes too much diffused ; the significations are distinguished rather with 6ubtilty than skill, and the attention is harassed with unnecessary minuteness. The examples are too often injudiciously truncated, and perhaps sometimes. I hope very rarely, alleged in a mis- vaken sense ; for in making this collection I trusted more to memory than, in a state of disquiet and embarrass- ment, memory can contain ; and purposed to supply at the review what was loft incomplete in the first transcription. Many terms appropriated to particular occupations, though necessary and significant, are undoubtedly omit- ted ; and of the words most studiously considered and exemplified, many senses have escaped observation. Yet these failures, however frequent, may admit exten- uation and apology. To have attempted much is always laudable, even when the enterprise is above the strength that undertakes it. To rest below his own aim is incident to every one whose fancy is active, and whose views are comprehensive ; nor is any man satisfied with himself because he has done much, but because he can conceive little. When first I engaged in this work, I resolved to leave neither words nor things unexamined, and pleased myself with a prospect of the hours which I should revel away in feasts of literature, with the obscure recesses of northern learning which I should enter and ransack, the treasures with which I expected every search into those neglected mines to reward my labour, and the triumph with which I should display my acquisitions to mankind. When I had thus inquired into the original of words, I re- solved to show, likewise, my attention to things ; to pierce deep into every science, to inquire the nature of every substance of which I inserted the name, to limit every idea by a definition strictly logical, and exhibit every pro- duction of art or nature in an accurate description, that my book might be in place of all other dictionaries wheth- er appellative or technical. But these were the dreams of a poet, doomed at last to wake a lexicographer. I soon found that it is too late to look for instruments, when the work calls for execution ; and that whatever abilities I had brought to my task, with those I must finally per- form it. To deliberate whenever I doubted, to inquire whenever 1 was ignorant, would have protracted the un- dertaking without end, and, perhaps, vithout much im- provement ; for 1 did not find by my first experiments, that what 1 had not of my own was easily to be obtained : I saw that one inquiry only gave occasion to another, that book referred to book, that to search was not always to find, and to find was not always to be informed ; and thus to pursue perfection was, like the first inhabitants of Ar- cadia, *o chase the sun, which, when they had reached the hill where he seemed to rest, was still beheld at the same distance from them. I then contracted my design, determining to confide in myself, and no longer to solicit auxiliaries, which pro- That many terms of art and manufacture are omitted, must be frankly acknowledged ; but for this defect I may boldly allege that it was unavoidable: 1 could not visit caverns to learn the miner's language, nor take a voyage to perfect my skill in the dialect of navigation, nor visit the warehouses of merchants, and shops of artificers, to gain the names of wares, tools, and operations, of which no mention is found in books: what favourable accident, or easy inquiry, brought within my reach, has not been neglected; but it had been a hopeless labour to glean up words, by courting living information, and contesting with the sullenness of one, and the roughness of another. To furnish the academicians della Crusca with words of this kind, a series of comedies called la Fiera, or the Fair, was professedly written by Buonarotti ; but I had no such assistant, and therefore was content to want what they must have wanted likewise, had they not luck- ily been so supplied. Nor are all words, which are not found in the vocabu- lary, to be lamented as omissions. Of the laborious and mercantile part of the people, the diction is, in a great measure, casual and mutable ; many of their terms are formed for some temporary or local convenience, and, though current at certain times and places, are in others i utterly unknown. This fugitive cant, which is always in a state of increase or decay, cannot be regarded as any j part of the durable materials of a language, and therefore I must be suffered to perish with other things unworthy of I preservation. Care will sometimes betray to the appearance of negli- I gence. He that is catching opportunities which seldom j occur, will suffer those to pass by unregarded, which he ! expects hourly to return ; he that is searching for rare j and remote things, will neglect those that are obvious and familiar: thus many of the most common and cursory j words have been inserted with little illustration, because, I in gathering the authorities, I forbore to copy those which I I thought likely to occur whenever they were wanted. It j is remarkable that, in reviewing my collection, I found l the word Sea unexemplified. Thus it happens, that in things difficult there is danger from ignorance, and in things easy from confidence ; tho mind, afraid of greatness and disdainful of littleness, hastily withdraws herself from painful searches, and passes with scornful rapidity over tasks not adequate to her powers ; sometimes too secure for caution, and again ' too anxious for vigorous effort ; sometimes idle in a plain I path, and sometimes distracted in labyrinths, and dissi- j pated by different intentions. L A large work is difficult because it is /arge, even though 'all its parti 1 might singly be performed with facility; I where there are many things to be done, each must be al- i lowed its share of time and labour, in the proportion only j which it bears to the whole ; nor can it be expected, that the stones, which form the dome of a temple, should b* squared and polished like the diamond of a ring. I Of the event of this work, for which, having laboured it I with so much application, I cannot but have some degree [of parental fondness, it is natural to form conjectures. Those who have been persuaded to think well of my (design, will require that it should fix our language, and ; put a stop to those alterations which time and chance j have hitherto been suffered to make in it without oppo- sition. With this consequence I will confess that 1 flat- duced more encumbrance than assistance ; by this I ob- j tered myself for a while ; but now begin to fear that I tained at least one advantage, that I set limits to iny work, ij have indulged expectation which neither reason nor ex- which would in time be ended, though not completed. !j perience can justify. When we see men grow old and die Despondency has never so far prevailed as to depress i at a certain time one after another, from century to cen- me to negligence ; some faults will at last appear to be , f tury, we laugh at the elixir that promises to prolong life the effects of anxious diligence and persevering activity. ! to a thousand years ; and with equal justice may the Jexi- luce no ex- The nice and subtle ramifications of meaning were not Ijcographer be derided, who, being able to produc easily avoided by a mind intent upon accuracy, and con- !i ample of a nation that has preserved their words and vinced of the necessity of disentangling combinations, and separating similitudes. Many of the distinctions, which to common readers appear useless and idle, will be found real and important by men versed in the school of phi- losophy, without which no dictionary can ever be accu- rately compiled, or skilfully examined. Some senses, nowever, there are, which, though not the same, are yet so nearly allied, that they are often con- founded. Most men think indistinctly, and therefore cannot speak with exactness ; and consequently some ex- amples might be indifferently put to either signification : this uncertainty is not to be imputed to me, who do not "orm but register the language; who do not teach men low they should think, but relate how they have hitherto expressed their thoughts. The imperfect sense of some examples I lamented, but 2ould not remedy, and hope they will be compensated by phrases from mutability, shall imagine that his dictiona- ry can embalm his language, and secure it from corruption and decay ; that it is in his power to change sublunary na- ture, and clear the world at once from folly, vanity, and affectation. With this hope, however, academies have been insti- tuted, to guard the avcnues,of their languages, to retain fugitives, and repulse intruders ; but their vigilance and activity have hitherto been vain ; sounds are too volatile and subtile for legal restraints ; to enchain syllables, and to lash the wind, are equally the undertakings of pride, un- willing to measure its desires by its strength. The French I language has visibly changed under the inspection of the 'academy; the style of Amelot's translation of father Paul is observed by Le Courayer to be un peu passe ; and no Italian will maintain, that the diction of any modern riter is not perceptibly different from that of Boccace, innumerable passages selected with propriety, and pre- Machiavel, or Caro, served with exactness ; some shining with sparks of Total and sudden transformations of a language seldom imagination, and some replete with treasures of wisdom, happen; conquests and migrations are now very rare; The orthography and etymology, though imperfect, are j J but there are other causes of change, which, though slow not imperfect for want of care, but because care will notijin their operation, and invisible in their progress, are, always be successful, and recollection or information come perhaps, as much saperiour to human resistance, as the too late for use. 1 1 revolutions of the sky, or intumescence of the tine. ' Com- JUC1V Dr. JOHNSON'S PREFACE. merce, however necessary, however lucrative, as it de- [ praves the manners, corrupts the language : they that have frequent intercourse with strangers, to whom they en- ■ deavour to accommodate themselves, must in time learn ! a mingled dialect, like the jargon which serves the traf- 1 fickers on the Mediterranean and Indian coasts. This i will not always be confined to the exchange, the ware- ( nouse, or the port, but will be communicated by degrees | „o other ranks of the people, and be at last incorporated j with the current speech. There are likewise internal causes equally forcible, j The language most likely to continue long without altera tion, would be that of a nation raised a little, and but a . little, above barbarity, secluded from strangers, and total- ' ly employed in procuring the conveniences of life ; either without books, or, like some of the Mahometan countries, j with very few: men thus busied and unlearned, having I only such words as common use requires, would perhaps J •ong continue to express the same notions by the same : signs. But no such constancy can be expected in a people '' polished by arts, and classed by subordination, where one j part of the community is sustained and accommodated by the labour of the other. Those, who have much leisure I to think, will always be enlarging the stock of ideas ; and ' every increase of knowledge, whether real or fancied, will produce new words, or combinations of words. When the mind is unchained from necessity, it will range after convenience; when it is left at large in the fields of spec- ulation, it will shift opinions ; as any custom is disused, the words that expressed it must perish with it ; as any opinion grows popular, it will innovate speech in the same proportion as it alters practice. As by the cultivation of various sciences a language is amplified, it will be more furnished with words deflected from their original sense: the geometrician will talk of a courtier's zenith, or the eccentrick virtue of a wild hero; and the physician of sanguine expectations and phleg- matick delays. Copiousness of speech w T ill give oppor- tunities to capricious choice, by which some words will j be preferred, and others degraded; vicissitudes of fashion j will enforce the use of new, or extend the signification of known terms. The tropes of poetry will make hourly encroachments, and the metaphorical will become the cur- rent sense : pronunciation will be varied by levity or igno- rance, and the pen must at length comply with the tongue ; illiterate writers will, at one time or other, by publick in- fatuation, rise into renown, who, not knowing the original import of words, will use them with colloquial licentious- ness, confound distinction, and forget propriety. As po- liteness increases, some expressions will be considered as too gross and vulgar for the delicate, others as too formal and ceremonious for the gay and airy ; new phrases are | therefore adopted, which must, for the same reasons, be j in time dismissed. Swift, in his petty treatise on the English language, allows that new words must sometimes j be introduced, but proposes that none should be suffered to become obsolete. But what makes a word obsolete I more than general agreement to forbear it? and how shall it he continued, when it conveys an offensive idea, or re- called again into the mouths of mankind, when it has once become unfami'iar by disuse, and unpleasing by un- familiarity ? There is another cause of alteration, more prevalent than any other, which yet, in the present state of the world, cannot be obviated. A mixture of two languages will produce a third distinct from both ; and they will always be mixed, where the chief part of education, and the most conspicuous accomplishment, is skill in ancient or in foreign tongues. He that has long cultivated another language, will rind its words and combinations crowd upon his memory ; and haste and negligence, refinement and affectation, will obtrude borrowed terms and exotick expressions. The great pest of speech is frequency of translation. Nfe book wa3 ever turned from one language into another, without imparting something of its native idiom; this is the most mischievous and comprehensive innovation ; j single words may enter by thousands, and the fabrick of the tongue continue the same; but new phraseology! changes much at once ; it alters not the single stones of j the building, but the order of the columns. If an academy should be established for the cultivation of our style, j which I, who can never wish to see dependence malti- j plied, hope the spirit of English liberty will hinder or de- I •troy, let them, instead of compiling grammars and die- | tkmaiies, ondeavour, with all their influence, to stop the j j license of translators, whose idleness and ignorance, if it I be suffered to proceed, will reduce us to babble a dialect I of France. j If the changes that we fear be thus L resistible, what 1 remains but to acquiesce with siionce as in the other in- surmountable distresses of humanity ? It remains that wa retard what we cannot repel, that we palliate what we cannot cure. Life may be lengthened by care, though death cannot be ultimately defeated : tongues, like gov- ernments, have a natural tendency to degeneration ; wo have long preserved our constitution, let us make some struggles for our language. In hope of giving longevity to that which its own na- ture forbids to be immortal, I have devoted this book, the labour of years, to the honour of my country, that we may no longer yield the palm of philology, without a contest to the nations of the continent. The chief glory of every people arises from its authors: whether I shall add any thing by my own writings to the reputation of English lit- erature, must be left to time: much of my life has been lost under the pressures of disease j much "has been trifled away; and much has always been spent in provision for the day that was passing over me: but. I shall not think my employment useless or ignoble, if, by my assistance, foreign nations and distant ages gain access to the prop- agators of knowledge, and understand the teachers of truth ; if my labours afford light to the repositories of science, and add celebrity to Bacon, to Hooker, to Milton, and to Boyle. When 1 am animated by this wish, I look with pleasure on my book, however defective, and deliver it to the world with the spirit of a man that has endeavoured well. That it will immediately become popular, I have not promised to myself: a few wild blunders, and risible absurdities, from which no work of sueh multiplicity was ever free, may for a time furnish folly with laughter, and harden ignorance in contempt ; but useful diligence will at last prevail, and there never can be wanting some who dis- tinguish desert; who will consider that no dictionary of a living tongue ever can be perfect, since, while it is has- tening to publication, some words are budding, and some falling away ; that a whole life cannot be spent upon syn- tax and etymology, and that even a whole life would not be sufficient; that he, whose design includes whatever language can express, must often speak of what he does not understand; that a writer will sometimes be hurried by eagerness to the end, and sometimes faint with weari- ness under a task, which fccaliger compares to the labours of the anvil and the mine; that what is obvious is not always known, and what is known is not always present; that sudden fits of inadvertency will surprise vigilance, slight avocations will seduce attention, and casual eclipses of the mind will darken learning ; and that the writer shall often in vain trace his memory, at the moment of need, for that which yesterday he knew with intuitive readiness, and which will come uncalled into his thoughts to-morrow. In this work, when it shall be found that much is omit- ted, let it not be forgotten that much likewise is per- formed ; and though no book was ever spared out of ten- derness to the author, and the w^orld is little solicitous to know whence proceeded the faults of that which it con- demns ; yet it may gratify curiosity to inform it, that the English Dictionary was written with little assistance of the learned, and without any patronage of the great ; not in the soft obscurities of retirement, or under the shelter of ac- ademick bowers, but amid inconvenience and distraction, in sickness and in sorrow. It may repress the triumph of malignant criticism to observe, that, if our language is not here fully displayed, I have only failed in an attempt which no human powers have hitherto completed. If the lexicons of ancient tongues, now immutably fixed, and com- prised in a few volumes, be yet, after the toil of successive ages, inadequate and delusive ; if the aggregated knowl- edge and co-operating diligence of the Italian academi- cians did not secure them from the censure of Beni ; if the imbodied criticks of France, when fifty years had been spent upon their work, were obliged to change its econo my, and give their second edition another form, — I may surely be contented without the praise of perfection, which if I could obtain, in this gloom of solitude, what would it avail me ? I have protracted my work till most of those, whom 1 wished to please, have sunk into the grave and success and miscarriage are empty sounds : I therefore dismiss it with frigid tranquillity, having little to fear or hope from censure or from praise. TODD'S ADVERTISEMENT TO HIS FIRST EDITION OF JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY. THE Dictionary of Dr. Johnson has been rightly pro- nounced a wonderful achievement of genius and labour. Yet Dr. Johnson admitted, that, in forming it, he had not satisfied his own expectations ; and, after a revision of it., he replied to a *fricnd, who had sent him additions too late to be inserted, that, if many readers had been as judicious, os diligent, and as communicative, the Dictionary would have been better. He probably, therefore, would not have scorned an augmentation or correction, though offered by one of less attainments than his friend, if offered with due respect. This consideration supports, in some degree, the mind of the present editor. For, though he feels all the diffi- j dence which most men would feel in occasionally ques- | tioning the authority of Dr. Johnson, he is induced to j nope, that the warmest admirers of that incomparable man will not disparage the industry which he himself might perhaps have countenanced. The fruits, such as they are, of the present editor's em- ployment, will be found in an abundant supply of words, which have hitherto been omitted ; in a rectification of many, which etymology, in particular, requires; and in exemplifying several, which are without illustration. These words are often the property of authors, the "fvery dust of whose writings is gold ;" of Pearson and of Harrow, whose names might very frequently have graced the pages of a national Dictionary ; of Bacon and Raleigh, of Jere- my Taylor, of Milton, and Hammond, and Hall, and many others, whose words indeed have largely, but of which the stock is not exhausted, conveyed, in the example, " Jsome elegance of language, or some precept of prudence or piety." These words commend to notice many writers, I also, who have been unjustly neglected or slightly exam- ined; men, who have taught with energy the lessons of < human life, and who have explored with accuracy the source of" ^English undeffled." The poet, as well as the philosopher, of elder times, will here sanction some ex- pressions, which, from their sound or significance, deserve ] to be rescued from oblivion. Indeed, without recourse to ' such assistance, much valuable ore must still be buried in i the mine ; the structure of words must sometimes remain undiscovered; and the coinage of many forcible terms be still unguardedly ||iinputed to the moderns. It is an opinion of IFDryden, that the English language arrived to its highest perfection in Beaumont and Fletch- er ; and that " the words, which have since been taken in, are rather superfluous than ornamental." Few writers j have afforded, to the present editor, so many passages of ?llustration as these dramatists. But it will be found, that our language has certainly derived new graces from many succeeding authors. « ** Words are the people's ; yet there is a choice of them to be made." For this reason, the present editor has de- j elined to admit many into the Dictionary ; especially what : are merely licenses of old comedy, and'what was the fen- I * The Reverend Mr. Bagshaw, of Bromley College. This answer is in Boswell's Life of Johnson. Additions and corrections, which had been made by this gentleman, have been intrusted to the present editor; of which, as well as of other communications, made to him with great liberality and without solicitation, he will, in the Intro- duction to this work, give an explicit account. t Bentley, of Bishop' Pearson. Dissert, on Phalaris. j Johnson's Plan of an English Dictionary. $ Spenser. || Burnet objected against Milton, that he had coined many new and rough words ; which is so far from being the case, that, if the remark of the old commentator on Spenser may be applied, " the words are not only English, but also used of most excellent authors and most famous i poets." Addison also has charged Milton with the coin- I age of what had long been cunent. IT In his Essay on Dramutiek Poesy. ** B. Jonson's Discoveries. tastical cant during the great rebellion. Nor has he made an indiscriminate collection of our archaisms. With words from such sources, his pages might have been in- creased an hundred-fold. But he has not neglected the notice of some expressions, even in authors of little fame, which exhibit what in better writers might be sought in vain, and by which an interesting custom, or a valuable provincial phrase, is sometimes illustrated. As he thus differs in opinion from those, who cannot allow the omission of any word in the language; so he has not been disposed to follow the advice of others, who would expunge innumerable words which Dr. Johnson has admitted. He has proposed to expunge none ; except in a few instances, where no such word, it will be found, in reality exists. In disturbing the etymology, and very rarely the def- inition, or in adding to either, his meaning has been to accommodate the reader, without violating the order of the original work; and therefore he has not placed the emendation at a distance from its object, or continued the mistake which it has been his endeavour to rectify. 'Words, thus altered, whether in a great or small degree, will be known by the typographical mark which follows them; and to others, which have hitherto wanted even a single instance of illustration ; as vvell as to some, which present an example from a ffprose -writer as well as a poet, or which are confirmed by a proof of higher authority than what is given : the same distinction is aflixed. To the words newly produced another mark is subjoined. Among these, adverbs in hi, substantives in ness, and verbal nouns in ing, have been introduced without imitating the parsi- mony with which they have hitherto been exhibited. Nor will appellatives, derived from proper names, be thought intruders ; since they have sometimes acquired a meaning so unconnected with their origin, as to demand explana- tion ; and appellatives of a more general nature are agree- able to the regulation of Dr. Johnson himself, who admits a Pagan, though he has rejected a Quaker. Of some mistaken references, or imperfect citations, which Dr. Johnson has given, the rectification is without specifick notice ; and of such improvement* the number, no doubt, might have been much enlarged. But to note minutely all his extracts, would be perhaps a difficulty almost as insurmountable as to correct every mistake. The editions of his Dictionary have been compared ; and there are many curious variations, especially from the first. That of his last revision, " JJin which he expunged some superfluities and corrected some mistakes, scattering here and there a remark," has been principally regarded; but not without attention to that, which has given a few posthumous additions. That the value of the citations may be duly aopreciated, the present editor intends to offer some notices of the au- thors cited: which will also chronologically, as well as critically, illustrate the history of our language. And that history of the language, which has been given by Dr. Johnson, will be augmented with many curious and some hitherto inedited materials. And now, admitting that Dr. Johnson's Dictionary is not without defect, let it be considered that a work of this kind must necessarily be defective ; that in dictionaries, more than in other books, faults will be committed ; be- cause, as the great lexicographer has said, he who makes them must often write of what he does not understand. With him, however, rests the entire merit of a Plan, which other labourers in lexicography must regard with admira- tion and gratitude, however unable, individually, to com- plete it. Thus the aim at universality, which Dr. Ash, since the publication of Johnson's Dictionary, has shown in his ex- tensive and useful Vocabulary, has however failed in ft Agreeably to the Plan of Dr. Johnson. it The letter, stating this, is presorved in Boswell's Lifo of Johnson XXVI TODD'S ADVERTISEMENT, AND INTRODUCTION. some particulars ; and yet wants many sterling words, i Nor has the Supplement of Mr. Mason to the great | work of Johnson been received with much regard. For he professes, that he has little knowledge of those I languages, without which etymological criticism can- ' not be employed. He has drawn from obscurity many colloquial licenses, indeed, but comparatively few ex- pressions of dignity. Where he has been serviceable, it has been a pleasure to incorporate his labours. He had doubtless some talents for research: but he has jowered them by perpetually insulting the memory of Johnson, whom he brands with " muddiness of in- tellect." Not sucli have been the exertions of the Reverend Mr. Boucher ; of which a specimen has been given to the publick in the first letter of the alphabet, and which abundantly, as well as most learnedly, shows how much remains to be done, in order to have a perfect view of the English language. The proprietors of this work have, with unsolicited kindness, procured, for the present editor's inspection, the papers of the late Mr. Home Tooke, and his copy of Johnson's Dictionary, with some marginal remarks : the late Mr. Hernshall's interleaved bufslightly noted copy of the same ; and the late Mr. Eyre's copy, with additional references in the margin. But these have yielded no great harvest of intelligence. What has been gained will be more fully detailed, with other obligations to his friends, from whom he must not here omit to mention that he has received some re- marks of the late Mr. Malone, in the general Intro- duction to this work. After all, what the present editor has done he con- siders but as dust in the balance, when weighed against the work of Dr. Johnson. He is content, if his countrymen shall admit, that he has contributed somewhat towards that which many hands will not exhaust ; that his efforts, though imperfect, are not useless. And if any should severely insist, that he ought to have preserved so much caution through the work, as rarely to sink into negligence ; and to have obtained so much knowledge of all its parts, as seldom to *fail by ignorance ; he has only to hope, that their frequent disappointment may be consoled by the fol- lowing words : " | He that endureth no faults in men's writings must only read his own, wherein, for the most part, all appeareth white. Quotation, mistakes, inadvertency, expedition, and human lapses, may make not only moles, but warts, in learned authors ; who, notwithstanding, being judged by the capital matter, admit not of disparagement." Aug. 1. 1814.1 H. J. TODD. * See Dr. Johnson's Plan of an English Dictionary. t Sir Thomas Brown's Christian Morals, p. ii. § 2. I [The publication of this edition was completed in 1818.— Editor.] TODD'S INTRODUCTION TO HIS FIRST EDITION OF JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY. The nature and design of the additions and altera- tions, which are made in the present publication of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary, are explained in the pre- ceding Advertisement. It remains to specify my obli- gations to others, in the preparation of the work ; and to introduce to the reader's notice such other circum- stances, connected with the progress of it, as it be- comes me to state. The first, and in my own opinion the most impor- tant, obligation which I have to acknowledge, is to James Boswell, Esq. of the Middle Temple, the son of the biographer of Johnson, the friend of the late Ed- mond Malone, and a zealous promoter of the cause of literature. Among the valuable books of Mr. 3Ialone, consigned to the care of Mr. Boswell, there was a copy of Di Johnson's Dictionary, interleaved, and bound in three volumes, in which Mr. Malone had " inserted a great number of additional words and examples omitted by Johnson." With the frankness, which distinguishes the real lover of learning, Mr. Bosw T ell sent these volumes to me, of the existence of which I had not before known ; allowing me, at the same time, to extract any of the observations, which Mr. Malone had made, for the purpose of the present work. The accuracy and diligence of Mr. Malone could not but render the business of examining his volumes very pleasing; nor fail to afford abundant service towards the labour in which I was employed. His statement, at the beginning of the first of the vo- lumes, is this : " 1052 manuscript remarks in the three volumes of this most valuable Dictionary: for the greater part I am answerable : those, to which D. is subscribed, were wTitten by Samuel Dyer."— Of these additional words and examples, a large number is taken from the works of Bishop Hall in particular, and from those of other writers in the reigns of Elizabeth and her successor ; most of which, in the course of my studies, had been long since selected also by myself; the fitness of which for my design, I was therefore proud to find corroborated by the judgement of Mr. Malone. That I have omitted many of his additions, I will not conceal ; that I have, in particular cases, expressly summoned him to my aid, will be obvious : and that he would not have disdained the manner in which I have adopted any of his improvements, I am persuaded. To the President and Fellows of Sion College, I am next to say, that, in like manner, I am indebted for an unsolicited offer of the use of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary, belonging to their library; in the margins of which, re- ferences to authors for examples where several words have none, and also some new words with examples, are pointed out by the late Rev. Mr. Bagshaw, of Bromley, one of the friends of Dr. Johnson. But they are principally mere references, in number about 600, and chiefly to our theological writers : of which some agree with examples cited by Mr. Malone or myself, and some with others which have appeared in Mr. Mason's Supplement to Dr. Johnson's Dictionary. Etymological remarks are rarely found among these proofs of Mr. Bag?haw's diligence. By the perusal of the whole, however, I have been much gratified, as well as often confirmed in matters which had before excited hesitation. For the sight of an interleaved copy of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary, which belonged to the late Rev. Mr. Hen- shall, I have been obliged to Messrs. Longman and Co., booksellers. The copy is formed into four volumes: that, which ends with the letter C, contains the most of his fanciful, however learned, annotations: the rest are thinly sown with remarks. I am not aware of having derived any advantage from this favour. From the same gentlemen I received another copy of the Dictionary, filled with marginal remarks by the late Rev. Mr. Eyre. Though these remarks, like Mr. Bagshaw's, are mostly references ; and though they are references principally to recent publications, as reviews and magazines, of which, at the beginning of the book, Mr. Eyre gives a list ; as plays and novels, also, of our own days; one cannot but admire the indefatigable industry of the scholiast, in crowding the margins with words or sentences, intended (I should suppose in very many instances) rather for future consideration, than for decided addition. Had the same attention been paid to our old authors, the labour of Mr. Eyre would have been invaluable. Probably, not having access to many writers of this description, Mr. Eyre availed himself of the less useful information within his reach ; and bestowed acute, as well as diligent, in- vestigation upon objects not always deserving it. Sometimes, though rarely, he has given a citation from a book of elder times ; a citation generally admissible. The writer of a future dictionary may, perhaps, often betake himself to this storehouse of information. What I have scrupled to adopt may, at no distant pe- riod, demand, on increasing authority, admission into an English dictionary; and eccentrick terms, whieh have been employed by questionable writers to express common conceptions, may perhaps lose their novelty, or their quaintnes*, in sage and solemn usage. There remains to be expressed another obliga- ' tion to these gentlemen for the use of several books and papers, which were the property of the late Mr. Home Tooke. Of these in due or- der. The first has been a copy of Dr. Johnson's Dic- tionary in two folio volumes, with marginal notes ; in which there are not fifty that can be of service to any lexicographer,(as I perhaps mistakine'ly conceive,) who is in possession of the Diversions of Purley. Thi* TODD'S INTRODUCTION. copy had been purchased at the sale of Mr. Tooke's library, and is said to have been intended, by the pur- chaser, to be the basis of a new English dictionary. By the purchaser, however, it was consigned to Messrs. Longman & Co. ; and the publick will with me lament, that any intention should have been impeded, of which the furtherance might at once have crushed my hum- ble attempt. At the beginning of this copy there are the names of some authors entered ; on the Preface there are some remarks, not of the most liberal charac- ter; and to the History of the Language, and to the Grammar, there is no addition of importance. The Hermes of Mr. Harris, another of Mr. Tooke's books, abounding with his notes of haughtiest mood, has been of no use whatever to my purpose. His folio copy of Beaumont and Fletcher, with words marked in the margins, (an employment in which he was assisted by j a distinguished living character,) has been of great j eervice to me; being the same edition as that from I which my own remarks had been formed, and thus, by easy reference, confirming my choice with respect to dubious expressions, as well as pointing out others, which I had overpassed. The Gothic and Saxon Dic- tionary of Lye, edited by Mr. Manning, was also among the printed volumes of Mr. Tooke intrusted to me ; upon which the manuscript remarks afforded no intel- ligence of consequence. I come next to the observa- tions upon our language, which Mr. Tooke left in manuscript books ; at least such as I have examined. These were fifteen quarto books, containing the words of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary in regular order, with some additions, more particularly adverbs and substantives derived from adjectives ; but without example, or other notice than the mere entry of the word. This employ- ment occasionally suggested to me the introduction of 6uch words into the dictionary, especially when I could support them by example. And therefore to this em- ployment of Mr. Tooke I gladly acknowledge myself indebted. Six quarto books, containing words ar- ranged according to terminations, as in and, ard, ed, est, &c, have been without use to me, however they might have been intended for some valuable purpose by Mr. Tooke. Of a quarto, entitled Roots, which are Latin verbs, with English words stated to be derived from them, I found no occasion to avail myself. In another, entitled Oothick Roots, consisting of not many written pages, there was little to be observed, which j was not already in Lye. Out of three quartos, enti- tled Index Expurgatorius, or a list of such words as Mr. Tooke would have discharged from Dr. Johnson's I Dictionary, I have made no selection : some, which he rejects, being supported by no mean authority ; and some, being local, deserving to be retained. I think that in the letter A the arbitrary abolitions amount to about 800. Besides these books, there was a great variety of cards, upon which were written termina- tions entered in the quarto volumes, and other in- tended verbal arrangements. There was also one set, denouncing certain words as false English,* and ar- ranged according to terminations, which I have printed at the close of this Dictionary; both as it is a speci- men of the employment which I have been describing, and as a criticism rarely to be questioned.— Such is the account of the papers, left by Mr. Tooke, which I have seen ; which indicated, I think, that he had once intended to compile an English dictionary. If more had been left to show that he had other illustrations to offer, not dissimilar to those which his Diversions of Purley had communicated, his friends would surely not have suffered them to slumber in inglorious silence. For that work, in which he has so acutely illustrated an ancient system, he has the thanks of every sound philologist; though it has been well remarked/that he has not laid in it, as he imagined, the foundation for future philosophers. I am now to offer my thanks to the Rev. Archdeacon Churton, and the Rev. J. B. Blakeway; by whose re- marks, communicated without solicitation, and with- out conditions, 1 have been, in several instances, ma- terially assisted : to John Nichols, Esq. for the perusal of papers, illustrating our language, which were writ- ten by the late Dr. Pegge, and which offered, though mostly interwoven into his own publications, a glean- ing or two to be gathered: to Roger Wilbraham, Esq. for the use of some uncommon books in his possession and for some pertinent observations: and to Martin Whish, Esq. of whose attention, though directing me [* The list of words pronounced by Mr. Tooke to be •' false English," Dr. Johnson's " History of the En- glish Language," and his " Grammar of the English Tongue," are not contained in this Dictionary ; but the " List of Authors," is inserted at the end of the volume. —Editor.] not seldom to what my own researches had also marked, I cannot express too grateful a sense, when I consider the largeness of the communications, and the liberality with which they were made. Some notices have been sent by others, whose good intentions I respect, in number and importance too inconsiderable | to require further acknowledgement. Nor have I been without obligation, in the progress of my employment, to criticisms which wanted, as well as to those which I possessed, the writer's name; in which, on the one i hand, much wit has been employed upon what are i justly termed my feeble exertions; and, on the other, | indignation has hurled its thunderbolts at my pre- | sumption ; in which pretended illustrations and detec- tions of mistake (penned in the bewitching hours of | self-delusion) have been also proposed: which, upon j examination, have only discovered how liable we all ! are to be deceived, and how much it behoves the maker I or augmenter of a dictionary not always to rely im- plicitly upon proffered kindness, nor wholly to disre- gard the oppositions of sportive, or malicious inge- nuity. That there may soon be new makers of an English dictionary, it is warrantable to conjecture, knowing, as I do, that other gentlemen have bestowed attention upon the subject ; the incorporation of whose services, not altogether free from conditions, it was beyond my power, if it had been my wish, after my plan was formed, to make. The treasures which now remain in their own management, undispersed,may therefore, if the owners choose, be laid before the publick, with- out intermixture, and without omission. The *History of the English Language I have aug- mented with some new materials. To the *Grammar I have added Notes, which are principally illustrative of orthography, and of the etymological system so powerfully recalled to modern notice by Mr. Tooke ; to which are subjoined the grammatical remarks of Mr. Tyrwhitt upon our ancient language. For the convenience of the volumes the Grammar has its place in the last. After it follows a *List of Authors; of whom many perhaps might be considered too obscure to have been formerly cited in the Dictionary, if it could be denied, in the words of Johnson, that" " fthe riches of the English tongue are much greater than they are commonly supposed; that many useful and valuable books lie" buried in shops and libraries un- known and unexamined, unless some lucky compiler opens them by chance, and finds an easy spoil of wit and learning." Of old authors, as of old words, let no one make too hasty a rejection. Sarcasm may expose its impotence, as well as ignorance, in arraigning either; unaccustomed to observe that from the one (the partially " unknown and unexamined") our best writers have occasionally not disdained to draw wis- dom ; and that with the" other they have warranted the use of terms, which the jeer of modern hypercriti- cism would discard. It may be easy, though it is not " J pleasant without scurrility," if I may use Sir Na- thaniel's phrase, to present both words and sentences, with the juxtaposition of a quaint title, in a manner so detached as to excite no favourable opinion of the hook, or rather to destroy all belief that it possesses any power of conveying knowledge. I might have omitted some citations from modern writers. But the canons yet remain to be promulged, by which the ex- tremes of opposite tastes are to be settled. The pre- cise period, at which antiquity is to be regarded as a rule, is not yet determined: the standard'oone inclines to remove to the distance of a century and a half; another may, with as good reason, fix it three centu- ries backwards; and another six.' May we then ex- pect decision upon these points from a society for re- fining the language, and fixing its standard? Alas! Johnson himself has told us, that " |, the edicts of an English Academy would probably be read by many only that they might be sure to disobey them !" For the paucity of curious or satisfactory informa- tion, which my additions and alterations exhibit, and for the abundance of inaccuracies and faults which have escaped my care, I may not, I hope, solicit the pardon of the candid reader in vain. I should indeed have been thrown into irrecoverable confusion and dismay, in reconsidering what I have done, if, for an humble attendant, also, there were not consolation iu the words of the master, which first accompanied the fourth edition of his Dictionary :— " Many are the works of human industry, which to begin and finish are hardly granted to the same man. t Idler, No. 91. $ Love's Lab. Lost. § Campbell, Philos. of Rhetorick. I' Life of Roscommon. TODD'S INTRODUCTION, AND ADVERTISEMENT. XXVlll He that undertakes to compile a dictionary, under- takes that, which, if it comprehends the full extent of his design, he knows himself unable to perform. Yet his labours, though deficient, may be *useful, and, with the hope of this inferiour praise, he must incite his activity, and solace his weariness. " Perfection is unattainable, but nearer and nearer approaches may be made; and, finding my Dictionary about to be reprinted, I have endeavoured, by a revi- sal, to make it less reprehensible. I will not deny, that I found many parts requiring emendation, and many more capable of improvement. Many faults I have corrected, some superfluities I have taken away, and some deficiencies 1 have supplied. I have method- ized some parts that were disordered, and illuminated some that were obscure. Yet the changes or additions bear a very small proportion to the whole. The critick * " Dans la derniere seance de l'Academie, il [Vol- taire] parla fort long-temps et avec la plus grande chaleur sur 1' utilite d' un nouveau Dictionnaire concu a peu pres sur la meme plan que celui della Crusca, ou celui de Johnson:' 1 Grimm, Mem. torn. ii. will now have less to object, but the student who has bought any of the former copies need not repent; he will not, without nice collation, perceive how they differ; and usefulness seldom depends upon little things. " For negligence or deficience, I have perhaps not need of more apology than the nature of the work will furnish. I have left that inaccurate which never was made exact, and that imperfect which never was com- pleted." — Of the present augmented edition of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary the proprietors, as I am informed, intend tii publish, as scon as possible, in the octavo size, an abridgement; in which I have respectfully, and for unanswerable reasons, declined any concern what- ever. And I now relinquish altogether the labours of the lexicography, with the hope that my omissions and imperfections may stimulate the accurate and the judicious so to form a dictionary of our language, as not to subject it to any of the animadversions which will be made on my attempt. HENRY JOHN TODD. May 29, 1818. TODD'S ADVERTISEMENT TO HIS SECOND EDITION, PUBLISHED IN 1827. The Dictionary of Dr. Johnson, with my additions, having been acceptable to the publick, a reimpression of it has been required. I have, in consequence, been asked to render any assistance to the reimpression which might be in my power. What I have been able to do has been done with cheerfulness, in gratitude for the reception of my former extensive labours. Re- moved by my present residence from the easy reach of that abundance of books, and conversation of men of letters, which then aided my inquiries, I yet have of- fered (though in number together not more, perhaps, than between two and three thousand) some emenda- tions and some new words. These have been the fruits of leisure in a retired situation ; and for these, with the exception of a few remarks from one learned friend, I have been indebted almost wholly to books in my own collection. Additions, indeed, have been suggested, in separate forms, to my first edition of this Dictionary by other gentlemen. Of such labours I am quite sure that I could have no right to avail myself further than by a correction of a very few pardonable errours ; and, with respect to opinions in winch they may have been pleased to differ from me, I do not think myself re- quired to answer them. May these learned persons be more useful than I can be. * Still they will find that much is yet to be done. " * Daily both new w T ords," as an ancient lexicographer well observes, " are in- vented, and books still found that make a new supply of old." Our many excellent writers, during the reigns * Florio's World of Words, Ital. and Eng. Pref. 1598. of Elizabeth and James the First, will yet abundantly exemplify the latter part of this remark. And to the selection of examples, as well as to etymology, and to definition, and to orthography, and to accentuation, the industry and judgement of many yet remain to be directed, divided, as they ought to be, into distinct stu- dies, ere we can hope to see a beautiful whole, a stand- ard of pure and exact phraseology. Our provincial- isms, too, solicit especial notice; as I have found by a residence of six years in the north of England, which has occasioned the introduction into the following pages of more northern phrases than are in the former edition ; in the description of which I am generally confirmed by the entertaining and useful Glossaries of the Craven Dialect and of Mr. Brockett, published within the last three years ; and to them I alw r ays re- fer with pleasure. To the very curious Glossary, also, of Cheshire Words, by my learned friend, Roger Wil- braham, Esq. I have been much indebted. The recent Collection of Suffolk Words, by Major Moor, has like- wise occasionally strengthened an observation. The same may be said of West Country Words, published in 1825 by Mr. Jennings ; to whose candour, in his re- mark upon the first edition of this Dictionary, (in which he suggests improvement and addition that must, however, be the work of many, I repeat, and not of an individual.) I am also obliged : for he says, " that, although the work will still admit of consider- able addition and improvement, it contains, in his judgement, the greatest mass of information on the subject of our own language at present extant." Feb. 12, 1827. H. J. T. WALKER'S PREFACE TO HIS PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY. FEW subjects have of late years more employed the pens of every class of criticks, than tho improvement of the English language. The greatest abilities in the na- tion have been exerted in cultivating and reforming it ; nor have a thousand minor criticks been wanting to add their mite of amendment to their native tongue. John- son, whose large mind and just taste made him capable of enriching and adorning the language with original composition, has condescended to the drudgery of disen- tangling, explaining, and arranging it, and left a lasting monument of his ability, labour, and patience: and Dr. Lowth, the politest scholar of the age, has veiled his su- periority in his short Introduction to English Grammar. The ponderous folio has gravely vindicated the rights of analogy ; and the light, ephemeral sheet of news has cor- rected errours in grammar, as well as in politicks, by slyly marking them in Italicks. Nor has the improvement stopped here. While John- eon and Lowth have been insensibly operating on the or- thography and construction of our language, its pronun- ciation has not been neglected. The importance of a consistent and regular pronunciation was too obvious to be overlooked ; and the want of this consistency and reg- ularity has induced several ingenious men to endeavour at a reformation ; who, by exhibiting the regularities of pronunciation, and pointing out its analogies, have re- claimed some words that were not irrecoverably fixed in a wrong sound, and prevented others from being pervert- ed by ignorance or caprice. Among those writers who deserve the first praise on this subject is Mr. Elphinston ; who, in his Principles of the English Language, has reduced the chaos to a sys- tem ; and, by a deep investigation of the analogies of our tongue, has laid the foundation of a just and regular pro- nunciation. After him, Dr. Kenrick contributed a portion of im- provement by his Rhetorical Dictionary; in which the words are divided into syllables as they are pronounced, and figures placed over the vowels, to indicate their dif- ferent sounds. But this gentleman has rendered his dic- tionary extremely imperfect, by entirely omitting a great number of words of doubtful and difficult pronunciation —those very words for which a dictionary of this kind would be most consulted. To him succeeded Mr. Sheridan, who not only divided the words into syllables, and placed figures over the vow- els as Dr. Kenrick had done, but, by spelling these sylla- bles as they are pronounced, seemed to complete the idea of a pronouncing dictionary, and to leave but little ex- pectation of future improvement. It must, indeed, be confessed, that Mr. Sheridan's dictionary is greatly supe- riour to every other that preceded it ; arid his method of conveying the suund of words, by spelling them as they are pronounced, is highly rational and useful. But here sincerity obliges me to stop. The numerous instances I have given of impropriety, inconsistency, and want of ac- quaintance with the analogies of the language, sufficient- ly show how imperfect* I think his dictionary is upon tho whole, and what ample room was left for attempting another, that might better answer the purpose of a guide to pronunciation. The last writer on this subject is Mr. Nares, who, in his Elements of Orthoepy, has shown a clearness of method, and an extent of observation, which deserve the highest encomiums. His preface alone proves him an elegant writer, as well as a philosophical observer of an- guage: and his Alphabetical Index, referring near five thousand words to the rules for pronouncing them, is a new and useful method of treating the subject: but he 6eems, on many occasions, to have mistaken the best usage, and to have paid too little attention to the first principles of pronunciation. * See Principles, No. 124, 126, 129, 386. 454, 462, 479, 480, 530 ; and the words Assume, Collect, Covetous, Don- ative, Ephemera, Satiety, &.c, and the inseparable prep- osition dis. ! Thus I have ventured to give my opinion of my rivals and competitors, and I hope without envy or self-conceit. Perhaps it would have been policy in me to have been si- lent on this head, for fear of putting the publick in mind that others have written on the subject as well as my- self: but this is a narrow policy, which, under the colour of tenderness to others, is calculated to raise ourselves at their expense. A writer, who is conscious he deserves the attention of the publick, (and unless he is thus con- scious he ought not to write,) must not only wish to be compared with those who have gone before him, but will promote the comparison, by informing his readers what others have done, and on what he founds his pretensions to a preference; and, if this be done with fairness and without acrimony, it can be no more inconsistent with modesty, than it is with honesty and plain dealing. The work I have offered on the subject has, I hope, added something to the publick stock: it not only exhib- its the principles of pronunciation on a more extensive plan than others have done, divides the words into sylla- bles, and marks the sounds of the vowels, like Dr. Ken- rick, spells the words as they are pronounced, like Mr. Sheridan, and directs the inspector to the rule by the word, like Mr. Nares ; but, where words are subject to dif- ferent pronunciations, it shows the reasons from analogy for each, produces authorities for one side and the other, and points out the pronunciation which is preferable. In short, I have endeavoured to unite the science of Mr. El- phinston, the method of Mr. Nares, and the general utili- ty of Mr. Sheridan ; and, to add to these advantages, have given critical observations on such words as are subject to a diversity of pronunciation, and have invited the in- spector to decide according to analogy and the best usage. But to all works of this kind there lies a formidable objection; which is, that the pronunciation of a larguage is necessarily indefinite and fugitive, and that all t.xleav- ours to delineate or settle it are in vain. Dr. Johnson, in his grammar prefixed to his dictionary, says: "Most of the writers of English grammar have given long tables of words pronounced otherwise than they are written, and seem not sufficiently to have considered, that, of English, as of all living tongues, there is a double prouun ciation; one cursory and colloquial, the other regular and solemn. The cursory pronunciation is always vague and uncertain, being made different in different mouths, by negligence, unskilfulness, or affectation. The solemn pronunciation, though by no means immutable and per- manent, is yet always less remote from the orthography, and less liable to capricious innovation. They have, however, generally formed their tables according to the cursory speech of those with whom they happened to converse, and, concluding that the whole nation combines to vitiate language in one manner, have often established the jargon of the lowest of the people as the model of speech. For pronunciation, the best general rule is, to consider those as the most elegant speakers, who deviate least from the written words." Without any derogation from the character of Dr. Johnson, it may be asserted, that in these observations we do not perceive that justness and accuracy of think- ing, for which he is so remarkable. It would be doing great injustice to him, to suppose that he meant to ex elude all possibility of conveying the actual pronuncia tion of many words that depart manifestly from their or thography, or of those that are written alike, and pro- nounced differently, and inversely. He has marked these differences with great propriety himself, in many places of his dictionary; and it is to be regretted that he did not extend these remarks farther. It is impossible, there fore, he could suppose, that, because the almost imper- ceptible glances of colloquial pronunciation were not to be caught and described by the pen, that the very per- ceptible difference between the initial accented syllables of money and monitor, or the final unaccented syllables of finite and infinite . could not be sufficiently marked upon paper. Cannot we show that cellar, a vault, an i WALKERS PREFACE. seder, one who sells, have exactly the same sound ? or that the monosyllable full and the first syllable of fuU minate are sounded differently, because there are some words in which solemnity will authorize a different shade of pronunciation from familiarity .' Besides, that collo- quial pronunciation which is perfect ig so much the lan- guage of solemn speaking, that, perhaps, there is no more difference than between the same picture painted to be viewed near and at a distance. The symmetry in both is exactly the same ; and the distinction lies only in the col- ouring. The English language, in this respect, seems to have a great superiority over the French, which pronoun- ces many letters in the poetick and solemn style, that are wholly silent in the prosaick and familiar. But if a solemn and familiar pronunciation really exists in our language, is it not the business of a grammarian to mark both I And, if he cannot point out the precise sound of unaccented syllables, (for these only are liable to obscuri- ty,) he may, at least, give those sounds which approach the nearest, and by this means become a little more use- ful than those who so liberally leave every thing to the ear and taste of the speaker. The truth is, Dr. Johnson seems to have had a confused idea of the distinctness and indistinctness with which, on solemn or familiar occasions, we sometimes pronounce the unaccented vowels; and, with respect to these, it must be owned, that his remarks are not entirely without foun- dation. The English language, with respect to its pro- nunciation, is evidently divisible into accented and unac- cented sounds. The accented syllables, by being pro- j nounced with greater force than the unaccented, have their vowels as clearly and distinctly sounded as any given note in musick ; while the unaccented vowels, for want of the stress, are apt to slide into an obscurity of sound, which, though sufficiently distinguishable to"the ear, cannot be so definitely marked out to the eye by ' other sounds as those vowels that are under the accent. I Thus some of the vowels, when neither under the accent, I nor closed by a consonant, have a longer or a shorter, an I opener or a closer sound, according to the solemnity or i familiarity, the deliberation or rapidity of our delivery. I This will be perceived in the sound of the e in emotion* ' of the o in obedience, and of the u in monument. In the hasty pronunciation of common speaking, the e in emo- tionis often shortened, as if spelt im-mo-tion ; the o in j obedience shortened and obscured, as if written ub-be-de- i ence ; and the u in monument changed into e, as if writ- j ten mon-ne^ment ; while the deliberate and elegant sound i »f these vowels is the long open sound they have, when Clie accent is on them, in equal, over, and unit ; but a, when unaccented, seems to have no such diversity ; it has i generally a short, obscure sound, whether ending a sylla- ' Lie or closed by a consonant. Thus the a in able has its definite and distinct sound ; but the same letter in tolera- ]>le\ goes into an obscure, indefinite sound approaching the short u ; nor can any solemnity or deliberation give it the long open sound it has in the first word. Thus, by distinguishing vowels into their accented and unaccented Bounds, we are enabled to see clearly what Dr. Johnson saw but obscurely; and by this distinction entirely to answer the objection. I Equally indefinite and uncertain is his general rule, i and reputation! To this it may be annwered, that th« fluctuation of our language, with respect to its pronun- ciation, seems to have been greatly exaggerated.^ Except a very few single words, which are generally noticed in the following dictionary, and the words where e eomes before r, followed by another consonant, as merchant, service, &c, the pronunciation of the language is proba- bly in the same state in which it was a century ago; and, had the same attention been then paid to it as now, it is not. likely even that change would have happened. Tho same may be observed of those words which are differ ently pronounced by different speakers : if the analogies of the language had been better understood, it is scarcely conceivable that so many words in polite usage would have a diversity of pronunciation, which is at once so ridiculous and embarrassing ; nay, perhaps it may be with confidence asserted, that if the analogies of the lan- guage were sufficiently known, and so near at hand as to be applicable on inspection to every word, that not only many words which are wavering between contrary usages would be settled in their true sound, but that many words, which are fixed by custom to an improper pronun- ciation, would, by degrees, grow regular and analogical ; and those which are so already would be secured in their purity, by a knowledge of their regularity and analogy. But the utility of a work of this kind is not confined to | those parts of language where the impropriety is gross and palpable ; besides such imperfections in pronuncia- tion as disgust every ear not accustomed to them, there are a thousand insensible deviations, in the more minute parts of language, as the unaccented syllables may be called, which do not strike the ear 30 forcibly as to mark any direct impropriety in particular words, but occasion only such a general imperfection as gives a bad impres- § The old and new 'AtQIs , with all the various dialects, must have occasioned infinite irregularity in the pronun- ciation of the Greek tongue; and, if we may judge of tho Latin pronunciation by the ancient inscriptions, it was little less various and irregular than the Greek. Aulus Gellius tells us, that Nigidius, a grammarian who lived a little more than a century before him, acuted the first syllable of Valeri ; but, 3ays he, "si quis nunc Valerium. appellans in casu vocandi secundum id prreceptuin Nigi- dii acuerit primam, non aberit quin rideatur." — Whoever now should place the accent on the first syllable of Vale- rius, when a vocative case, according to the precept of Nigidius, would set every body a laughing. Even that highly polished language, the French, if we may believe a writer in the Encyclopedie,is little less irregular in this respect than our own. 11 II est arrive," says he, "par les alterations qui se suo- cedent rapidement dans la maniere de prononcer, et les corrections qui s'introduisent lentement dans la maniere d'ecrire, que la prononciation et l'ecriture ne marchent point ensemble, et que quoiqy'il y ait chez les peuples les plus polices de l'Europe, des societes d'hommes de lettres charges des les moderer, des les accorder, et des les rap- procher de la meme ligne, elles se trouvent enfin a une distance inconcevable ; ensorte que de deux choses done 1'une n'a ete imaginee dans son origine, que pour repre- thatthose ] are to be considered as the most elegant ,[ senter fide]ernent ~ rautre) C elle-ci ne diftefe guere m'oins speakers who deviate least from the written words. It is certain, where custom is equal, this ought to take place ; and if the whole body of respectable English speakers were equally divided in their pronunciation of the word busy, one half pronouncing it bew-ie,% and the other half bii-ze, that the former ought to be accounted the most elegant speakers ; but, till this is the case, the latter pro- nunciation, though a gross deviation from orthography, will still be esteemed the most elegant. Dr. Johnson's general rule, therefore, can only take place where custom has not plainly decided; but, unfortunately for the Eng- lish language, its orthography and pronunciation are so widely different, that Dr. Watts and Dr. Jones lay it- down as a maxim in their Treatises on Spelling, that all words, which can be sounded different ways, must be written according to that sound which is most distant from the true pronunciation; and consequently, in such a language, a Pronouncing Dictionary must be of essential use. But still it may be objected to such an undertaking, that the fluctuation of pronunciation is so great as to render all attempts to settle it useless. What will it avail us, it may be said, to know the pronunciation of the E resent day, if, in a few years, it will be altered ? And ow are we to know even what the present pronunciation is, when the same words are often differently pronounced by different speakers, and those perhaps of equal numbers * See the words Collect, Command, Despatch, Domes- tick, Efface, Occasion. t Principles, No. 88, 545. \ Principles, No. 178. de celle-la, que la portrait de la meme personne peinte dans deux ages tres-eloignes. Enfin Pinconvenient s'est accru a un tel exces qu'on n'ose plus y remedier. On | prononce une langue, on ecrit une autre : et I'on s'accou- tume tellement pendant le reste de la vie a cette bisarrerie qui a fait verser tant de larmes dans l'enfance, que si l'ou renon^oit a sa mauvaise orthographe pour une plus voisine de la prononciation, on ne reconnoitrolt plus la langue parlee sous cette nouvelle combinaison de characteres S'il y en a qui ne pourroient se succeder sans une grando fatigue pour l'organe, ou ils ne se rencontrent point, ou ils ne durent pas. lis sont echappes de la langue par l'euphonie, cette loi puissante, qui agit continuellement et universellement sans egard pour l'etymologie et ses defenseurs, et qui tend sans intermission k amener des etres qui ont les memes organes, Je meme idiome, les memes mouvemens prescrits, a-peu-pres a la meme pro- nonciation. Les causes dont Taction n'est point, inter- rompue, deviennent toujours les plus fortes avec les terns, quelque foibles qu'elles soicnt en elles-memes, et il n'y a presque pas une seule voyelle, une seule diphthongue, une seule consonne dont la valeur soit tellement constante, que l'euphonie n'en puisse disposer, sok en alterant le son, soit en le supprimant." I shall not decide upon the justness of these complaints, but must observe, that a worse picture could scarcely be drawn of the English, or the most barbarous language of Europe. Indeed, a degree of versatility seems involved in the very nature of language, and is one of those evils left by Providence for man to correct: a love of order, and the utility of regularity, will always incline him to con- fine this versatility within as narrow bounds as possible. WALKER'S PREFACE. ■ion Upon the whole. Speakers with these imperfections pass very well in common conversation : but whf>n they are required to pronounce with emphasis, and for that purpose to be more distinct and definite in their utter- ance, here their ear fails them : they have been accustom- ed only to loose, cursory speaking, and, for want of firm- ness of pronunciation, are like those painters who draw the muscular exertions of the human body without any knowledge r f anatomy. This is one reason, perhaps, why we find the elocution of so few people agreeable when they read or speak to an assembly, while so few offend us by their utterance in common conversation. A thousand faults lie concealed in a miniature, which a microscope brings to view ; and it is only by pronouncing on a larger scale, as publick speaking may be called, that we prove the propriety of our elocution. As, therefore, there are certain deviations from analogy which are not at any rate tolerable, there are others which only, as it were, tarnish the pronunciation, and make it lessbrilliant and agreeable. There are few who have turned their thoughts on this subject, without observing that they sometimes pronounce the same word or syllable in a different man- ner ; and, as neither of these manners offends the ear, they are at a loss to which they shall give the preference ; but, as one must necessarily be more agreeable to the analogy of the language than the other, a display of these analo- gies, in a dictionary of this kind, will immediately remove this uncertainty; and in this view of the variety we shall discover a fitness in one mode of speaking, which will give a firmness and security to our pronunciation, from a confidence that it is founded on reason, and the general tendency of the language. See Principles, No. 530, 547, 551, &c. But, alas ! reasoning on language, however well found- ed, may be all overturned by a single quotation from Horace : u Quern penes arbitrium est, et jus et norma loquendi." This, it must be owned, is a succinct way of ending th controversy ; and, by virtue of this argument, we may be- come criticks in language, without the trouble of study- ing it : not that I would be thought, in the most distant manner, to deny that custom is the sovereign arbiter of language; far from it. I acknowledge its authority, and know there is no appeal from it. I wish only to dispute, where this arbiter has not decided ; for, if once custom speak out, however absurdly, I sincerely acquiesce in its sentence. But what is this custom, to which we must so implicit- ly submit > Is it the usage of the multitude of speakers, whether good or bad ? This has never been asserted by the most sanguine abettors of its authority. Is it the usage of the studious in schools and colleges, with those of the learned professions, or that of those who, from their elevated birth or station, give laws to the refine- ments and elegancies of a court.' To confine propriety 1o the latter, which is too often the case, seems an injury to the former ; who, from their very profession, appear to have a natural right to a share, at least, in the legislation of language, if not to an absolute sovereignty. The pol- ished attendants on a throne are as apt to depart from simplicity in language, as in dress and manners ; and novelty, instead of custom, is too often the jus et norma loquendi of a court. Perhaps an attentive observation will lead us to con- clude, that the usage which ought to direct us is neither of these we have been enumerating, taken singly, but a sort of compound ratio of all three. Neither a finical pronunciation of the court, nor a pedantick Graecism of the schools, will be denominated respectable usage, till a cer- tain number of the general mass of speakers have acknowledged them ; nor will a multitude of common speakers authorize any pronunciation which is reprobat- ed by the learned and polite. As those sounds, therefore, which are the most general ly received among the learned and polite, as well as tl4 bulk of speakers, are the most legitimate, we may con- clude that a majority of two of these states ought always to concur, in order to constitute what is called good usage. But though custom, when general, is commonly well understood, there are several states and degrees of it which are exceedingly obscure and equivocal ; and the only method of knowing the extent of custom in these cases seems to be an inspection of those dictionaries which professedly treat of pronunciation. We have now so many works of this kind, that the general current of custom, with respect to the sound of words, may be col- lected from them with almost as much certainty as the general sense of words from Johnson. An exhibition of the opinions of orthoepists about the sound of words always appeared to me a very rational method of deter- mining what is called custom. This method I have adopted in the following work; and, if I have sometimes dissented from the majority, it has been either from a persuasion of being better informed of what was th«j actual custom of speaking, or from a partiality to the evident analogies of the language. And here I must entreat the candid reader to make every reasonable allowance for the freedom with which I have criticised other writers on this subject, and particu- larly Mr. Sheridan. As a man, a gentleman, and a scholar, I knew Mr. Sheridan, and respected him; and think every lover of elocution owes him a tribute of thanks for his unwearied addresses to the publick, to rouse tbem to the study of the delivery of their native tongue. But this tribute, however just, does not exempt him from examination. His credit with the world neces- sarily subjects him to animadversion, because the errours of or P ure o no-ble, vowels. Diphthongs and Triphthongs enumerated. 17. Two vowels forming but one syllable are generally called a diphthong, and three a triphthong: these are the following. ..„..„., . w.v.-.^ U.1 ae Caesar, ew jewel, oy boy, ai aim, ey they, we mansuetude ao gaol, ia poniard, ui languid, an taught, ie friend, ny buy, dw law, io passion, aye (for ever.) ay say, oa coat, eau beauty, ea clean, oe oeconomy, cou plenteous, ee reed, oi voice, ieu adieu, ei ceiling, 00 moon, iew view, to people, en feud, OIL found, oeu manoeuvre. ow now, Consonants enumerated and distinguished into Classes. 18. The consonants are divisible into mutes, semi-vow- els, and liquids. 19. The mutes are such as emit no sound without a vowel, as b, p, t, d, k, and c and g hard. 20. The semi-vowels are such as emit a sound without the concurrence of a vowel, as, /, v, s, z, x, g soft, or j. 21. The liquids are such as flow into, or unite easily with the mutes, as I, m, n, r. 22. But, besides these, there is another classification of the consonants, of great importance to a just idea of the nature of the letters, and that is, into such as are sharp or flat, and simple or aspirated. 23. The sharp consonants are, p,f, t, s, k, c hard. 24. The flat consonants are, b, v, d, z, g hard. 25. The simple consonants are those which have always the sound of one letter unmixed with others, as, b, p,f, v, k,g hard, and g soft, or j. 26. The mixed or aspirated consonants are those which have sometimes a hiss or aspiration joined with them, which mingles with the letter, and alters its sound, as t in motion, d in soldier, s in mission, and z in azure. 27. There is another distinction of consonants arising either from the seat of their formation, or from those or- gans which are chiefly employed in forming them. The ti-tle, ~\ 1 1 best distinction of this kind seems to be that which di y cy-der, f compound or I vides them into labials, dentals, gutturals, and nasals. u lu-cid, / impure vowels. 28. The labials are, b, p,f, v. The dentals are, t, d, s, z, w pow-er, j and soft g or j. The gutturals are k,q, c hard, and g hard I The nasals are, m, n, and ng. 29. These several properties of the consonants may be exhibited at one view in the following table, which may be called Jin Analogical Table of the Consonants. Materia!, .jK&tty /MftK Hissing labials j f ^f / ( liquid M f labdo' > nasal V liquic Mute dentals Sharp, t, tat Flat, d, dad Hissing dentals j gJgjP; *%*** r . . ■, ^ , { Sharp, eth, death Lisping dentals j Flat ^' 7ie , scythe „ ^ , I Sharp, k, kick Gutturals | Flat, %• hard, ^^ Dento-guttural or nasal ng, hang. 30. Vowels and consonants being thus defined and ar- ranged, v o are the better enabled to enter upon an in- quiry into their different powers, as they are differently combined with each other. But previous to this, that nothing may be wanting to form a just idea of the first principles of pronunciation, it may not be improper to show the organick formation of each letter. Organick Formation of the Letters. 31. Though I think every mechanical account of the or- ganick formation of the letters rather curious than useful, yet, that nothing which can be presented to the eye may be wanting to inform the ear. 1 shall in this follow those who have been at the pains to trace every letter to its seat, and make us, as it were, touch the sounds we arti- culate. Organick Formation of the Vowels. 32. It will be necessary to observe, that there are three lot g sounds of the letter a, which are formed by a greater or less expansion of the internal parts of the mouth. 33. The German a heard in ball, wall, &c. is formed by etch edge or j esh, passion eihe, vision dento- nasal liquid n dental liquid I ) guttural J liquid r a strong and grave expression of the breath through the mouth, which is open nearly in a circular form, while the tongue, contracting itself to the root, as if to make way for the sound, almost rests upon the under jaw. 34. The Italian a, heard in father, eloses the mouth a little more than the German a ; and by raising the lower jaw, widening the tongue, and advancing it a little nearer to the lips, renders its sound less hollow and deep. 35. The slender a, or that heard in lane, is formed in the mouth still higher than the last ; and in pronouncing it. the lips, as if to give it a slender sound, dilate their aperture horizontally ; while the tongue, to assist this narrow emission of breath, widens itself to the cheeks, raises itself nearer the palate, and by these means a less hollow sound than either of the former is produced. 36. The e in e-qual is formed by dilating the tongue a little more, and advancing it nearer to the palate and the lips, which produces the slenderest vowel in the language ; for the tongue is, in the formation of this letter, as close to the palate as possible, without touching it ; as the mo- ment the tongue touches the palate, the squeezed sound o ee in thee and meet is formed, which, by its description^ must partake of the sound of the consonant y. 37. The i in i-dol is formed by uniting the sound of the Italian a in father and the e in e-qzial and pronouncing OF THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF THE VOWELS. 13 them as closely together as possible. See Directions to Foreigners, at the beginning of this book. 38. The o in o-pen is formed by nearly the same posi- tion of the organs as the a in wa-ter ; but the tongue is advanced a little more into the middle of the mouth, the lips are protruded, and form a round aperture like the form of the letter, and the voice is not so deep in the mouth as when a is termed, but advances to the middle or hollow of the mouth. 39. The u in u-nit is formed by uniting the squeezed sound ee to a simple vowel sound, heard in rcoo and coo ; the oo in these words is formed by protruding the lips a little more than in o, forming a smaller aperture with them, and, instead of swelling the voice in the middle of the mouth, bringing it as forward as possible to the lips. 40. Y final in try is formed like i : and w final in now, like the oo, which has just been described. In this view of the organick formation of the vowels we find that a. e, and o, arethe only simple or pure vowels: that i is a diphthong, and that ii is a semi- consonant. If we were inclined to contrive a scale for measuring the breadth or narrowness, or, as others term it, the openness or closeness of the vowels, we might begin with e open, as Mr. Elphinston calls it, and which he announces to be the closest of all the vocal powers. In the pronunciation of this letter we find the aperture of the mouth extended an each side ; the lips almost closed, and the sound issuing horizontally. The slender a in Kaste opens the mouth a little wider. The a in father opens the mouth still more without contracting the corners. The German a heard in wall, not only opens the mouth wider than the former a. but contracts the corners of the mouth so as to make the aperture approach nearer to a circle, while the o opens the mouth still more, and contracts the corners so as to make it the os rotundum, a picture of the letter it sounds. If, therefore, the other vowels were, like o, to take their forms from the aperture of the mouth in pronouncing them, the German a ought necessarily to have a figure as nearly approaching the o inform as it does in sound; that is, it ought to have that elliptical form which approaches nearest to the circle ; as the a of the Italians, and that of the English in father, ought to form ovals, in exact pro- portion to the breadth of their sounds ; the English a in waste ought to have a narrower oval; the e in the ought to have the curve of a parabola, and the squeezed sound of ee in seen a right line; or to reduce these lines to solids, the o would be a perfect globe, the German a an oblate spheroid like the figure of the earth, the Italian a like an egg, the English slender a a Dutch skittle, the ea rolling-pin, and the~double e a cylinder. Organick Formation of the Consonants. 41. The best method of showing the organick formation of the consonants will be, to class them into such pairs as they naturally fall into, and then, by describing one, we shall nearly describe its fellow ; by which means the labour will be lessened, and the nature of the consonants better perceived. The consonants that fall into pairs are the following : p f t s sh th k ch chair, b v d z zh dh g j jail. 42. Holder, who wrote the most elaborately and philo- sophically upon this subject, tells us, in his Elements of Speech, that when we only whisper we cannot distinguish the first rank of these letters from the second. It is cer- tain the difference between them is very nice; the upper letters seeming to have only a smarter, brisker appulse of the organs than the lower ; which may not improperly be distinguished by sharp and flat. The" most marking dis- tinction between them will be found to be a sort of guttu- ral murmur, which precedes the latter letters when we wish to pronounce them forcibly, but not the former. Thus if we close the lips, and put the fingers on them to keep them shut, and strive to pronounce the p. no sound at all will be heard : but in striving to pronounce the b we shall find a murmuring sound from the throat, which the commencement of the letter; and if we do but stop the breath by the appulse of the organs, in order to pronounce with greater force, the same may be observed of the rest of the letters. 43. This difference in the formation of these consonants may be more distinctly perceived in the s and z than in any other of the letters ; the former is sounded by the simple issue of the breath between the teeth, without any vibration of it in the throat, and may be called a hiss- ing sound ; while the latter cannot be formed without ge- nerating a sound in the throat, which may be called a vo- cal sound. The upper rank of letters, therefore, may be called breathing consonants; and the lower, vocal ones. 44. These observations premised, we may proceed to describe the organick formation of each letter. 45 P and B are formed by closing the lips till the breath is collected, and then ietting it issue by forming the vowel e. 46. F and V are formed by pressing the upper teeth upon the under lip, and sounding the vowel e before the former and after the latter of these letters. 47. T and D are formed by pressing the tip of the tongue to the gums of the upper teeth, and then separat- ! ing them, by pronouncing the vowel e. i 48. S and Z are formed by placing the tongue in the same position as in 7"and D, but not so close to the gums, ; as to stop the breath : a space is left between the tongue j and the palate for the breath to issue, which forms the hissing and buzzing sound of these letters. 49. SH heard in mission, and zh in evasion, are formed in the same seat of sound as s and z ; but in the former the tongue is drawn a little inwards, and at a somewhat greater distance from the palate, which occasions a fuller effusion of breath from the hollow of the mouth, than in the latter, which are formed nearer to the teeth. 50. TH in think, and the same letters in that, are form- ed by protruding the tongue between the fore teeth, press- ing it against the upper teeth, and at the same time en- deavouring to sound the s or i ; the former letter to sound th in think, and the latter to sound th in that. 51. K and 6 hard are formed by pressing the middle of the tongue to the roof of the mouth near the throat, and separating them a little smartly to form the first, and more gently to form the last of these letters. 52. CHm chair, and Jin jail, are formed by pressing t . to sh, and d to zh. I 53. M is formed by closing the lips, as in P and B, and ! letting the voice issue by the nose. 54. JV* is formed by resting the tongue in the same posi- tion as in T or D, and breathing through the nose, with the mouth open. 55. L is formed by nearly the same position of the or- gans as t and d, but more with the tip of the tongue, | which is brought a little forwarder to the teeth, while I the breath issues from the mouth. I 56. R is formed by placing the tongue nearly in the po- sition of t, but at such a distance from the palate as suf- fers it to jar against it, when the breath is propelled from the throat to the mouth. 57. JVG in ring, sing, &c. is formed in the same seat of sound as hard g ; but while the middle of the tougue presses the roof of the mouth, as in Gf, the voice passes principally through the nose, as in JV. 58. Y consonant is formed by placing the organs in the position of e, and squeezing the tongue against the roof of.the mouth, which produces ee, which is equivalent to initial y. (36.) 59. W consonant is formed by placing the organs in the position of oo, described under u, and closing the lips a little more, in order to propel the breath upon the suc- ceeding vowel which it articulates. 60. In this sketch of the formation and distribution of ] the consonants, it is curious to observe on how few radi- I cal principles the almost infinite variety of combination in language depends. It is with some degree of wonder I we perceive that the slightest aspiration, the almost in- I sensible inflection of nearly similar sounds, often generate J the most different and opposite meanings. In this view | of nature, as in every other, we find uniformity and vari- ety very conspicuous. The single fiat, at first impressed } on thechaos, seems to operate on languages; which, i from the simplicity and paucity of their principles, and j the extent and power of their combinations, prove the goodness, wisdom, and omnipotence of their origin. j 61. This analogical association of sounds is not only I curious, but useful : it gives us a comprehensive view of I the powers of the letters ; and, from the small number | that are radically different, enables us to see the rules on I i which their varieties depend : it discovers to us the genius I j and propensities of several languages and dialects, and, ! when authority is silent, enables us to decide agreeably I to analogy. 62. The vowels, diphthongs, and consonants, thus enu merated and defined, before we proceed to ascertain their I I different powers, as they are differently associated with \ each other, it may be necessary to give some account of | j those distinctions of sound in the same vowels which ex- || press their quantity as long or short, or their quality as open or close, or slender and broad. This will appear t he more necessary, as these distinctions so frequently occui in describing the sounds of the vowels, and as they are not unfrequently used with too little precision by most writers on the subject. Of the Quantity and Quality of the Vowels. 63. The first distinction of sound that seems to obtrude itself upon us when we utter the vowels, is a long and a short sound according to the greater or less duration of time taken up in pronouncing them. This distinction i? so obvious as to have been adopted in all languages, and is that to which we annex clearer ideas than to any other ' 14. DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER A. and though the short sounds of some vowels have net in our language Oeen classed with sufficient, accuracy with their parent long ones, yet this has bred but little confu- sion, as vowels long and short are always sufficiently dis- tinguishable ; and the nice appropriation of short sounds to their specifick long ones is not necessary f.o our convey- ing what sound we mean, when the letter to which we apply these sounds is known, and its power agreed upon. 64. The next distinction of vowels into their specifick sounds, which seems to be the most generally adopted, is that which arises from the different apertures of the aiouth in forming them. It is certainly very natural, when we have so many more simple sounds than we have characters by which to express them, to distinguish them by that which seems their organick definition ; and we ac- cordingly find vowels denominated by the French, ouvert and ferm£ ; by the Italians, aperto and chiuso ; and by the English open and shut. 65. But whatever propriety there may be in the use of these terms in other languages, it is certain they must be used with caution in English, for fear of confounding them with long and short. Dr. Johnson and other gram- marians call the a in father the open a : which may, in- deed, distinguish it from the slender a in paper ; but not from the broad a in water, which is still more open. Each of these letters has a short sound, which may be called a shut sound ; but the long sound cannot be so properly denominated open as more or less broad ; that is, the a ip paper, the slender sound ; the a in father, the broadish or middle sound ; and the a in water, the broad sound. The same may be observed of the o. This letter has three long sounds, heard in move, note, nor ; which graduate from slender to broadish, and broad, like the a. The t also in mine may be called the broad j, and that in ma- chine the slender i ; though each of them is equally long ; and though these vowels that are long may be said to be more or less open according to the different apertures of the mouth in forming them, yet the short, vowels cannot be said to be more or less shut ; for as short always im- plies shut (except in verse,) though long does not always imply open, we must be careful not to confound long and open, and close and shut, when we speak of the quantity and quality of the vowels. The truth of it is, all vowels either terminate a syllable, or are united with a conso- nant. In the first case, if the accent be on the syllable, j the vowel is long, though it may not be open : in the se- cond case, where a syllable is terminated by a consonant, except that consonant be r, whether the accent be on the syllable or not, the vowel has its short sound, which, compared with its long one, may he called shut ; but as no vowel can be said to be shut that is not joined to a conso- nant, all vowels that end syllables may be said to be open whether the accent be on them or not. (550) (551.) 66. But though the terms long and short, as applied to vowels, are pretty generally understood, an accurate ear will easily perceive that these terms do not always mean the long and short sounds of the respective vowels to which they are applied ; for if we choose to be directed by the ear in denominating vowels long or short, we must certainly give these appellations to those sounds only which have exactly the same radical tone, and differ only in the long or short emission of that tone. Thus measur- ing the sounds of the vowels by this scale, we shall find that the long i and y have properly no short sounds but such as seem essentially distinct from their long ones ; and that the short sound of these vowels is no other than the short sound of e, which is the latter letter in the compo- sition of these diphthongs. (37.) 67. The same want of correspondence in classing the long and short vowels we find in a, e, o, and u ; for as the e in theme does not find its short sound in the same letter in them, but in the i in him ; so the e in them must de- Bcend a step lower into the province of a for its long sound in tame. The a in carry is not the short sound of the a in care, but of that in car, father, &c. as the short broad sound of the a in ivant is the true abbreviation of that in wall. The sound of'o in don, gone, &.c. is exactly corre- spondent to the a in sican, and finds its long sound in the a in wall, or the diphthong aw in datcn, lawn, &c. ; while the short sound of the o in tone is nearly that of the same letter in ton, (a weight,) and corresponding with what is generally called the short sound of u in tun, gun, &c. as the long sound of u in pule must find its short sound in the u in pull, bull, &c. ; for this vowel, like the i and y, being a diphthong, its short sound is formed from the lat- ter part of the letter equivalent to double o, as the word pule, if spelled according to the sound, might be written peoole. 68 Another observation preparatory to a consideration of the various sounds of the vowels and consonants seems to be the influence of the accent; as the accent or 6tre?s which is laid upon certain syllables has so obvious an effect upon the sounds of the letters, that unless we take accent into the account, it will be impossible to rea- son rightly upon the proper pronunciation of the Elements of Speech. Of the Influence of Accent on the Sounds of the Letters. 69. It may be first observed, that the exertion of tha organs of speech necessary to produce the accent or stress, has an obvious tendency to preserve the letters in their pure and uniform sound, while the relaxation or feeble- ness which succeeds the accent as naturally suffers the letters to slide into a somewhat different sound a little easier to the organs of pronunciation. Thus the first a in cabbage is pronounced distinctly with the true sound of that letter, while the second a goes into an obscure sound bordering on the i short, the slenderest of all sounds ; so that cabbage and village have the a in the last syllable scarcely distinguishable from the e and i in the last syl lables of college and vestige. 70. In the same manner the a, e, i, o, and y, coming before r in a final unaccented syllable, go into an obscure sound so nearly approaching to the short u, that if the ac- cent were carefully kept upon the first syllables of liar, Her, elixir, mayor, martyr, &cc. these words, without any perceptible change in the sound of their last syllables, might all be written and pronounced, liur, liur, elixur, mayur, martur, &c. 71. The consonants also are no less altered in their sound by the position of the accent than the vowels. The k and s in the composition of x, when the accent is on them, in exercise, execute, &c. preserve their strong pure sound ; but when the accent is on the second syllable, in exact, exonerate, &c. these letters slide into the duller and weaker sounds of g and z, which are easier to the organs of pronunciation. Hence not only the soft c and s go into sh, but even the t before a diphthong slides into the same letters when the stress is on the preceding sylla- ble. Thus in society and satiety the c and t preserve their pure sound, because the syllables ci and ti have the accent on them ; but in social and satiate, these syllables come after the stress, and, from the feebleness of their situ- ation, naturally fall into the shorter and easier sound, as if written soshial and sashiate. See the word Sa- tiety. A. 72. A has three long sounds and two short ones. 73. The first sound of the first letter in our alphabet is that which among the English is its name. (See the letter A at the beginning of the Dictionary.) This is what is called by most grammarians its slender sound (35) (65;) we find it in the words lade, spade, trade, &c. In the diph- thong ai we have exactly the same sound of this letter, as in pain, gain, stain, &c. and sometimes in the diph- thong ea, as bear, swear, pear, &c. ; nay, twice we find it, contrary to every rule of pronunciation, in the words where and there, and once in the anomalous diphthong ao in gaol. It exactly corresponds to the sound of the French e in the beginning of the words fare and tite. 74. The long slender a is generally produced by a silent e at the end of the syllable, which e not only keeps one single intervening consonant from shortening the preced- ing vowel, but sometimes two; thus we find the mute e makes of rag, rage, and very improperly keeps the a open even in range, change, &.c. (See Change ;) hat, with the mute e becomes hate, and the a continues open, and, per- haps, somewhat longer in haste, waste, paste, 16 DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE LETTER E. Thus the word man, when not under the accent, might be written man in nobleman, husband man,woman ; and ter- tian and quartan, tertiun and quartun, &c. The same observation will hold good in almost every final syllable where a is not accented, as medal, dial, giant, bias, &,c. defiance, temperance, &c. ; but when the final syllable ends in age, ate, or ace, the a goes into a somewhat differ- ent sound. See 90 and 91. 89. There is a corrupt, but a received pronunciation of this letter in the words any, many, Thames, where the a Bounds lite short e, as if written enny, menny, Terns. Catch, among Londoners, seems to have degenerated into Ketch ; and says, the third person of the verb to say, has, among all ranks of people, and in every part of the united kingdoms, degenerated into sez, rhyming with Fez. 90. The a goes into a sound approaching the short i, in the numerous terminations in age, when the accent is not on it, as cabbage, village, courage, &c. and are pro- nounced nearly as if written cabbige, villige, courige, &c. The exceptions to this rule are chiefly among words of three syllables, with the accent on the first ; these seem to be the following: Adage, presage, scutage, hemor- rhage, vassalage, carcelage, guidage, pucelage, muci- lage, cartilage, pupilage, orphanage, villanage, appan- age, concubinage, baronage, patronage, parsonage, per- sonage, equipage, ossifrage, saxifrage, umpirage, em- bassage, hermitage, heritage, parentage, messuage. 91. The a in the numerous termination ate, when the accent is not on it, is pronounced somewhat differently in different words. If the word be a substantive, or an ad- jective, the a seems to be shorter than when it is a verb : thus a good ear will discover a difference in the quantity of this letter, in delicate and dedicate ; in climate, pri- mate, and ultimate ; and the verbs to calculate, to regu- late, and to speculate, where we find the nouns and adjec- tives have the a considerably shorter than the verbs. Innate, however, preserves the a as long as if the accent were on it : but the unaccented terminations in ace, whether nouns or verbs, have the a so short and obscure as to be nearly similar to the u in us ; thus palace, solace, menace, pinnace, populace, might, without any great de- parture from their common sound, be written pallus, sol- lus, articu- larly in solemn speaking, to preserve the sound of o like u, as if written unisun, diapazun, &c. The same letter is suppressed in a final unaccented syllable beginning with t, as seton, cotton, button, ^^on, glutton, pronounced as if written sefn, cofn, &c. V^BKm x precedes the t, the o is pronounced distinctly, as in sexton. When I is the pre- ceding letter, the o is generally suppressed, as in the pio- per names Stilton cheese, Wilton carpets, and Melton Mowbray, &c. Accurate speakers sometimes struggle to preserve it in the name of our great epick poet Milton : but the former examples sufficiently show the tendency of the language ; and this tendency cannot be easily coun- teracted. This letter is likewise suppressed in the lart syllable of blazon, pronounced blaz'n ; but is always to be preserved in the same syllable of horizon. This sup- pression of the o must not be ranked among those careless abbreviations found only among the vulgar, but must be considered as one of these devious tendencies to brevity, which has worn itself a currency in the language, and has at last become a part of it. To pronounce the o in those cases where it is suppressed, would give a singu- larity to the speaker bordering nearly on thepedantick; and the attention given to this singularity by the hearer would necessarily diminish his attention to the subject, and consequently deprive the speaker of something mucli more desirable. u. 171. The first sound of u, heard in tube, or ending an accented syllable, as in cu-bick is a diphthongal sound, as if e were prefixed, and these words were spelt tewbe and kewbick. The letter u is exactly the pronoun you. 172. The second sound of u is the short sound, which tallies exactly with the o in done, son, &.c. which every ear perceives might as well, for the sound's sake, be spelt dun, sun, &c. See all the words where the o has this sound No. 165. 173. The third sound of this letter, and that in which the English more particularly depart from analogy, is the u in bull, full, pull, &c. The first, or diphthongal u in tube, seems almost as peculiar to the English as the long sound of the i in thine, mine, sling-ger, &c. yet in longer, stronger and younger, vulgar (who are no contemptible guides on this occasion) 1 1 Ingest, strongest, andyoungest, the g ought always to pronounce them in the preterit learnt and spelt ; but as articulate the e .- thus younger ought always to rhyme *and I will readily admit of d after them, it seems more || ^ th ^Z™™!™^™™*^ ^\ A" l"ll S Jl " correct to favour a tende and speeding, which the by spelling them learne them learn'd, and speWd .- thus earned, the preterit berish, gibbous, giddy, gift, gig, giggle, giglet, (pr< perly gigglet,) gild, gill, (of a fish) gimlet, gimp, gird, girdle, girl, girth, gizzard, begin, give, forgive, big- gin, piggin, noggin : also derivatives from nouns or verbs ending in hard g, as druggist, waggish, riggish, hugrrish, doggish, sluggish, rigging, digging, &c. 3S3. G before y is generally soft, as in elegy, apology, &c. and almost in all words from the learned languages; but hard in words from the Saxon, which are formed from noun3 or verbs ending in g hard, as shaggy, jaggy, knaggy, snaggy, craggy, scraggy, quaggy, swaggy, dreggy, spriggy, twiggy, boggy, foggy, cloggy, buggy muggy. Gyve, from its Celtick original, ought to have the g hard, but has decidedly adopted the soft g. GNin the same Syllable at the Beginning ofaWord. 384. The g in this situation is always silent, as gnav, gnash, gnat, gnart, gnomon, gnomonicks, pronounced naw, nash, nat, narl, nomon, nomonicks. GNin the same Syllable at tlie End of a Word 385. No combination of letters has more puzzled the criticks than this. Two actresses of distinguished merit in Portia in the Merchant of Venice pronounced the word impugn differently, and each found her advocate in the newspapers. One critick affirmed, that Miss Young, by preserving the sound of g, pronounced the word pro perly; and "the other contended that Mrs. Yates was more judicious in leaving it out. The former was charged with harshness ; the latter with mutilating the word, and weakening its sound ; but if analogy may decide, it is clearly in favour of the latter; for there is no axiom in our pronunciation more indisputable than that which makes g silent before n in the same syl iable. This is constantly the case in sign, and all "its compounds, as resigji, design, consign, assign ; and in indign, condign, malign, benign : all pronounced as if written sine, rezine, &c. In which words we find the vowel i long and open, to compensate, as it were, for the j suppression of g, as every other word ending in gn, when the accent is on the syllable, has a diphthong pronounced 377. F has its pure sound in often, off, &c. but, in the like a long open vowel, as arraign, campaign, feign, preposition of, slides into its near relation v, as if written reign, deign ; and consequently, unless the vowel a can ov. But when this preposition is in composition at the 1 produce some special privilege which the other vowp.Is end of a word, the / becomes pure ; thu3, thougn we • have not, we must, if we pronounce according to ana.-o- eound of singly ov, we pronounce it as if the/ were dou- j ! gy, make the u in this situation long, and sound impugn ble in whereof I as if written impune. to earn, has been recovered from the vulgar earnt, and made a perfect rhyme to discerned. 372. To these observations may be added, that, in such irregular verbs as have the present, the preterit, and par- ticiple the same, as cast, cost, cut, &c. the second person singular of the preterit of these verbs takes ed before the est, as / cast, or did cast ; Thou castedst, or didst cast, &c. for if this were not the case, the second person of the preterit might be mistaken for the second person of the present tense. 373. I have been led insensibly to these observations by their connexion with pronunciation ; and if the reader! should think them too remote from the subject, I must . beg his pardon, and resume my remarks on the sound of the letter d. 374. The vulgar drop this letter iu ordinary, and ex- traordinary, and make them orhiary and extr'or'nary ; but this is a gross abbr«viation ; the best pronunciation is sufficiently' short, which is ordinary, and extraordinary : the first in three and the last in four syllables ; but so- lemn speaking preserves the i. and makes the latter word consist of five syllables, as if written extraordinary. 375. Our ancestors, feeling the necessity of showing the quantity of a vowel followed by ge, when it was to be short, inserted d, as wedge, ridge, badge, &:c. The same reason induced them to write colled ge, and alledge. with the d ; but modern reformers, to the great injury of the language, have expelled the d, and left the vowel to shift for itself; because there is no d in the Latin words from which these are derived. 376. D, like t, to which it is so nearly related, w^hen it Comes after the accent, either primary or secondary, (522,) and is followed by the diphthong ie, io, ia, or eon, slides into gzh, or the consonant j ,• thus soldier is universally and justly pronounced as if written sol-jer ; grandeur, gran-jcur ; and verdure, (where it must be remembered that u is a diphthong,) ver-jure .• and, for the same reason, education is elegantly pronounced ed-jucntion. But duke and reduce, pronounced juke and re-juce, where the ac- cent is after the d, cannot be too much reprobated. 32 DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS G, GM, GH } &c. 386. The same analogy will oblige us to pronounce ^pregn, oppugn, expugn, propugn, as if written im- £rene, oppune, cxpune, propitne, not only when these verbs are in the infinitive mood, but in the preterits, participles, and verbal nouns formed from them, as impugned, impugning, and impugner, must be pro- nounced impuncd, impuning, and impuner. The same may be observed of the rest. Perhaps it will gratify a curious observer of pronunciation to see the diversity and uncertainty of our orthoepists in their notation of the words before us. impune. Sheridan, Scott, Nares, Murray. Barclay says the g in this word and its deriva- tives is mute, but takes nc aotice of the quantity of the u. impun, Buchanan, Kenrick, Perry. impung. W. Johnston. eppune. Sheridan, Scott, Nares, Murray. oppuiu Kenrick, Perry, Barclay. oppung. W. Johnston. propune. Sheridan, Scott, Perry, Nares. prupung. Barclay. iwprene. Nares, Murray. impren. Sheridan, Kenrick, Perry. Barclay says the g is mute, but says nothing of the quan- tity of the e. ezpune. Sheridan, Scott, Nares. ezpiin. Perry, Barclay. impuner. Sheridan. impuned, Murray. impunner. Perry, Barclay. eppiigner. Sheridan. propugner. Sheridan. propuuer. Scott. propTinner. Perry. Nothing is clearer than that all these words ought to follow the same fortune, and should be pronounced alike. How then shall be reconciled Mr. Sheridan's pronouncing impugn, oppugn, ezpugn, and propugn, with the u long, and impregn with the c short .' Ken- rick, who has not the word propugn, is consistent in pronouncing the rest with the vowel short. The same may be observed of Scott, who adopts the long sound, but has not the word impregn. Mr. Perry gives the short sound to all but propugn, where he makes the u long, but absurdly makes the verbal noun prepvnner ,• and W. Johnston, who has only impugn and oppugn, pronounces the vowel short, and spells them impung and oppung. Barclay, under the word impugn, says the g in this word and its derivatives is mute," without noticing the quantity of the vowels, but spells op- pugn, oppun ; and of impregn, only says the g is mute ; but writes propugn, propung, in the manner that W. Johnston does impugn and oppugn .- but Mr. Nares observes, that analogy seems to require a similar pronunciation in all these words, and that the vowel should be long. The same inconsistency is observable in Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation of the verbal nouns; for he expunges the g in impiLgner, and writes it impuner, but preserves it in oppugner and propugner. Mr. Scott has only the word propugner, which he very properly, as well as consistently, spells propuner. Mr. Perry has propunner and impunner, and Birclay im- punner only. — The inconsistency here remarked arises from not attending to the analogy of pronunciation, which requires every verbal noun to be pronounced exactly like the verb, with the mere addition of the termination : thus singer is only adding er to the verb sing, without suffering the g to articulate the e as it does in finger and linger, &c. The same may be observed of a signer, one who signs .• and as a corroboration of this doctrine, we may take notice that the additional er and est, in the comparatives and superlatives of adjectives, make no alteration in the sound of the radical word : this is obvious in the words benigner, benigncst, &c. except younger, longer, and stronger. See No. 381. 337. But in every other compound where these let- ters occur, the n articulates the latter syllable, and g is heard distinctly in the former, as sig-nify, malig- nity, assig-nation, &c. Some affected speakers, either ignorant of the rules for pronouncing English, or over-complaisant to the French, pronounce physiogno- my, cognizance, and recognizance, without the g ; but this is a gross violation of the first principles of spelling. The only words to keep these speakers in countenance are poignant, and champignon, not long ago imported from^France, and pronounced poin- iant, champinion. The first of these words will be probably hereafter written without the g ; while the latter, confined to the kitchen, may be looked upon as technical, and allowed an exclusive privilege. See Cognizance. 388. Bagnio, seignior, seraglio, intaglio, and oglio, pronounced ban-yo, seen-yur, seral-yo, intal-yo, and vle-yO) may be considered as foreign coxcombs, and treated with civility, by omitting the g, while the* do not pervert the pronunciation of our native Er glish words GM in the same Syllable. 389. What has been said of gn is applicable to gm. We have but one word in the language where thes* letters end a word with the accent on it, and that is phlegir ■ in this the g is always mute, and the e, according to analogy, ought to be pronounced Jong, as if the word were written fleme ; but a short pro- nunciation of the e has generally obtained, and we commonly hear it ficm ; it is highly probable Pope pronounced it properly, where he says, "Our criticks take a contrary extreme ; They judge with fury, but they write with phlegm." Essay on Criticism. Perhaps it would not be difficult to reduce this word to analogy, as some speakers still pronounce the c long: but in the compounds of this word, as in those where gn occur, the vowel is shortened, and the g pronounced, as in phleg-mon, phleg-monous, phleg- matick, and phleg-magogues ; though Mr. Sheridan, for no reason I can conceive, sinks the g in the last word. When these letters end a syllable not under the accent, the g is silent, bpt the preceding vowel is shortened : thus paradigm, parapegm, diaphragm apophthegm, are pronounced paradim, parapcm, dia phram, apothem. GH. 390. This combination, at the beginning of a word, drops the h, as in ghost, ghastly, aghast, gherkin., pronounced gost, rhyming with most, gastly, agast, guerkin ; but when these letters come at the end of a word, they form some of the greatest anomalies in our language ; gh, at the end of words, is generally silent, and consequently the preceding vowel or diph- thong is long, as high, nigh, thigh, neigh, weigh, in- veigh, eugh, (the obsolete way of spelling yew, a tree,) bough, dough, though, although, dough, (a cliff,) plough, furlough, slough, (a miry place,) through, throughout, thorough, borough, usquebaugh, pugh ! 391. Gh is frequently pronounced like /, as laugh, laughter, co%igh, chough, dough, (an allowance in weight,) slough, (the cast skin of a snake or sore,) enough, rough, tough, trough. 392. Gh is sometimes changed into ch, as hough, shough, lough, pronounced hock, shock, lock ; some- times we hear only the g sounded, as in burgh, burgher, and burghership. GHT. 393. Gh in this termination is always silent, a3 fight, night, bought, fought, &c. The only exception is draught ; which, in poetry, is most frequently rhymed with caught, taught, &c. ; but in prose, is so universally pronounced as if written draft, that the poetical sound of it grows uncouth, and is becom- ing obsolete. Draughts, the game, is also pronounced drafts. Drought, (dryness) is vulgarly pronounced drowth : it is even written so by Milton; but in this he is not to be imitated, having mistaken the analogy of this word, as well as that of height, which he spells highth, and which is frequently so pronounced by the vulgar. See the words Height and DrouglU H. 394. This letter is no more than breathing forcibly before the succeeding vowel is pronounced. At the beginning of words, it is always sounded, except in heir, heiress, honest, honesty, honour, honourable, herb, herbage, hospital, hostler, hour, humble, hiimour, A«- morous, humorsome. Ben Jonson leaves out the k in host, and classes it in this respect with honest. 395. II is always silent after r, as rhetorick, rhap- sody, rheum, rheumatism, rhinoceros, rhomb, rhubarb, niyrrh, catarrh, and their compounds. '396. H final, preceded by a vowel, is always silent, as ah ! hah ! oh ! fogh ! sirrah, hallelujah, Messiah. 397. This letter is often sunk after w, particularly in the capital, where we do not find the least dis- tinction of sound between while and tcile, whet and wet, where and wear. Trifling as this difference may appear at first sight, it tends greatly to weaken and impoverish the pronunciation, as well as sometimes to confound words of a very different meaning. The Saxons as Dr. Lowth observes, placed the h before* DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS /, K, L, M, AND N. 33 tke to, as hwat ; and this is certainly its true place ; I for in the pronunciation of all words beginning with | wA, we ought to breathe forcibly befose we pronounce j the w, as if the words were written hoo-at, hoo-ile, I &c. and then we shall avoid that feeble, cockney • pronunciation which is so disagreeable to a correct ear. J. 398 J is pronounced exactly like soft g, and is per- fectly uniform in its sound, except in the word halle- ! lujah, where it is pronounced like y. 399. 2T has exactly the sound of hard c .- it is always silent before n in the same syllable, as knee, kneel, < knack, knight, know, knuckle, knab, knag, knap, knare, i knave, knit, knock, knot, knoll. 400. It has been a custom within these twenty years j to omit the k at the end of words when preceded by c. This has introduced a novelty into the language, ! which is that of ending a word with an unusual let- j ter, and is not only a blemish in the face of it, but ' may possibly produce some irregularity in future for- ! matives; for mimicking must be written with the A, j though to mimic is without it. If we use colic as a i verb, which is not uncommon, we must write colick- \ ing and colicked : and though physicking and phy- \ sicked, are not the most elegant words, they are not j quite out of the line of formation. This omission of I k is, however, too general to be counteracted, even ! by the authority ot Johnson: but it is to be hoped it j will be confined to words from the learned languages:! and indeed, as there is not the same vanity of ap- pearing learned in the Saxon as in the Latin and Greek, there is no great fear that thick and stick will lose their k, though they never had it in the original. L. 401. Ben Jonson says L melteth in the sounding, and is therefore called a liquid. This, however, can- not be the reason that r is called a liquid : for no two letters can, in this respect, be more opposite. See No. 21. L is mute in almond, calf, half, calve, halve, chal- dron, falcon, folk, yolk, (better written yelk with the I sounded,) fusil, halser, malmsey, salmon, salve, tal- bot (a species of dog ) See Salve. 402. L is mute also between a and k in the same syllable, as balk, chalk, talk, stalk, walk. 403. L is silent likewise between a and to in the same syllable, as alms, balm, calm, palm, psalm, qualm, shalm ; but when the to is detached from the I by commencing another syllable, the I becomes audible. Thas, though the I is mute in psalm, palm, it is always heard in psal-mist, psal-mody, and pal-mistry ; but in balmy and palmy, where the y is an adjective termination of our own, no alteration is made in the 60und of the substantive which sinks the I (386.) Calmer and calmest ought to have the I mute, as they are only degrees of comparison ; and palmer, and palmerworm (except in the language of Scripture, where the I in palmerworm ought to be heard,) are only a sort of verbal nouns, which never alter the sound of the original word, and therefore ought to have the I mute. But though I is sometimes mute in the noun salve, and in the verb to salve, it is always heard in salver (a kind of plate.) See Salve. 404. L ought always to be suppressed in the auxi- liary verbs would, could, should: it is sometimes sup- pressed in fault ; but this suppression is become vul- gar, (see the word.) In soldier, likewise, the I is sometimes suppressed, and the word pronounced so-jer ; but this is far from being the most correct pronun- ciation : I ought always to be heard in this word, and its compounds soldierly, soldiership, &c. 405. L, preceded by a mute, and followed by e, in a final syllable, has an imperfect sound, which does not do much honour to our language. Tne I, in this situation, is neither sounded like el nor le, but tie e final is suppressed, and the preceding mute articulates the I, without either a preceding or a succeeding vow- el ; so that this sound may be called a monster in Gram- mar — a syllable without a vowel ! This will easily be perceived in the words able, table, circle, &c. which are pronounced as if written abl, tabl, circl, &c. and in those still more Gothick and uncouth abbreviated par- ticipial terminations, peopled, bridled, saddled, trifles, gaffl.es, &c. pronounced pee-pVd, bri-dVd, sad-dVd, tri- A gaf-flz, &c. (359) (472.) 406. This letter has not only, like / and s, the pri- vilege of doubling itself at the end of a word, but it has an exclusive privilege of being double where they remain single : though by what right cannot well be conceived. Thus, according to the general rule, when a verb ends in a single consonant, preceded by a single vowel, and the accent is on the last syllable, the consonant is doubled when a participial termina- tion is added, as abet, abetting, beg, begging, begin, beginning, &c. but when the accent is not on th« last syllable of the verb, the consonant remains sin- gle, as suffered, suffering, benefiting, &c. but the I is doublet whether the accent be on the last syllable or not, as duelling, levelling, victualling, travelling, traveller, &c. This gross irregularity, however, would not have been taken notice of in this place, if it had not suggested an absurdity in pronunciation, occasion- ed by the omission of I. Though the latter I is use- less in traveller, victualler, &c. it is not so in con- troller : for as 11 is a mark of the deep broad sound of a in ball, tall, all, &c. (84 ;) so the same letters are the sign of the long open sound of o in boli (a round stalk of a plant,) to joll, noil, (the head,) knoll, (a little hill,) poll, clodpoll, roll, scroll, droll, troll, stroll, toll : for which reason, leaving out one I in be- thral, catcal, miscal, overfal, forestal, reinstal, down- fal, withal,- control, and unrol, as we find them in Johnson's Dictionary, is an omission of the utmost importance to the sound of the words ; for as the pronunciation sometimes alters the spelling, so the spelling sometimes alters the pronunciation.* Accord- ingly we find some speakers, chiefly the natives of Ireland, inclined to give the a its "middle sound, to words commencing with al, followed by another con- sonant, because they do not see the 11 in the all with which these words are compounded : thus we some- times hear Almighty, albeit, so pronounced as to make their first syllable rhyme with the first aial-ley, val-ley ; and extol is pronounced by the Scotch so as to rhyme with coal ; and with just as much reason as we pronounce control in the same manner. For though compounds may, in some cases, be allowed to drop such letters of their simples, as either are not neces- sary to the sound, as in Christmas ; or might possi- bly lead to a wrong one, as in Reconcilable (which see ;) yet where, by omitting a letter, the sound maj be altered, the omission is pernicious and absurd. (84.) The same observations might be extended to the nu- merous termination full, where, in compounds, one I is omitted, though nothing can be more certain, than that ful, with a single I, has not the same sound ai when this letter is doubled ; for who could suppose, without being used to the absurdity, that fulfil should stand for fullfill ? but this abbreviation is too inve- terate and extensive to afford any hope, that the great arbiters of orthography, the printers, will ever submit to the additional trouble of putting another I M. 407. M preserves its sound in every word, except comptroller ; compt and accompt are now universally written as they are pronounced, count and account ; and though m and p are preserved to the eye in the officer called a comptroller, the word is pronounced exactly like the noun controller, one who controls. 408. JV" has two sounds; the one simple and pure, as in man, net, &c. ; the other compounded and mix- ed, as in hang, thank, &c. The latter sound is heard when it is followed by the sharp or flat guttural mutes g hard, or k ; or its representatives c hard, qu or x ; but it may be observed, that so prone is our language to the flat mutes, that when n is fol- lowed by k, or its representatives, the flat mute g seems interposed between them: thus thank, banquet, anxious, arG pronounced as if written, not than-k, ban-quet, an-xious, but thangk, bangquct, angkshus- But this coalition of the sound of n and g, or hard c, is only when the accent is on them ; for when the g or hard c articulates the accented syllable, the n becomes pure : thus, though congress and congregate are pronounced as if written cong-gress, ana cong- gregate, yet the first syllable of congratulate, and congressive, ought to be pronounced wfthout the ring- ing sound of 7i. and exactly like the same syllable in * This omission of the letter L, I see, has beei rectified in the last quarto edition of Johnson's Dic- tionary ; and it would have been well if the Editor* had acknowledged their obligations and extended the' emendations to the word codle, and several others. 34 DIFFERENT SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTS P PH, Q, AND R. contrary. The same difference may lie observed in the words concourse and concur ; the fust word, which has the accent on the first syllable, is pronounced as if written cong-course : and the last, which has the accent on the second syllable, with n pure. It must, however, be carefully observed, that the secondary ac- cent has the same power of melting the n into the succeeding hard g or c as the primary (522;) thus congregation and concremation have the first syllable pronounced as if written cong. 409. It may, perhaps, be worthy of notice, that when n is followed by k, the k has a finished or com- plete sound, as in link, think, &c. ; but when n is followed by hard g, the g has an unfinished or imper- ' feet sound as in Jiang, bang, &cc. where we may ob- serve the tongue to rest upon the palate in the sound of g ; but when this letter is carried off to articulate another syllable, its sound is completed, as in anger, and Bangor (the name of a town,) where the sound of g may be perceived to be very different from the noun hanger, (a sword,) and banger, (one who beats or bang3.) This perfect sound of g is heard in all sim- ples, as anger, angle, finger, linger, conger, anguish, languish, distinguish, extinguish, unguent .- but in words derived from verbs or adjectives, ending in ng, the g continues imperfect, as it was in the theme. Thus a singer (one who sings) does not finish the g like finger, but is merely er added to sing .- the same may be observed of sing-ing, bring-ing, and hang- ing. So adjectives formed by the addition of y have the imperfect sound of g, as in the original word ; thus sprhigy, stringy, dungy, and wingy, are only the sound of e added to spring, string, dung, and wing ; but the comparative and superlative adjectives, longer, stronger, and younger ; longest, strongest, and young- est, have the g hard and perfectly sounded, as if written long-ger, strong-ger, young-ger, &c. where the g is hard, as in fin-ger, lin-ger, Sec. And it may be looked upon as a general rule, that nouns, adjectives or verbs, do not alter their original sound upon taking an additional syllable. In these three words, there- fore, the Irish pronounce more agreeably to analogy than the English, for, if I mistake not, they do not ar- ticulate the g. (381.) 410. Hitherto we have considered these letters as they are heard under the accent ; but when they are unaccented in the participial termination ing, they are frequently a cause of embarrassment to speakers who desire to pronounce correctly. We are told, even by teachers of English, that ing, in the word singing, bringing, and swinging, must be pronounced with the ringing sound, which is heard when the accent is on these letters, in king, sing, and wing, and not as if written without the g, as singin, bringin, s.oimj- in. No one can be a greater advocate than I am for the strictest adherence to orthography, as long as the publick pronunciation pays the least attention to it ; but when I find letters given up by the Publick, with respect to sound, I then consider them as ciphers : and, if my observation does not greatly fail me, I can assert, that our best speakers do not invariably pro- nounce the participial ing, so as to rhyme with sing, king, and ring. Indeed, a very obvious exception seems to offer itself in those verbs that end in these let- ters, as a repetition of the ringing sound in succes- sive syllables would produce a Tautophony, (see the Word,) and have a very bad effect on the ear ; and therefore, instead of singing, bringing, and flinging, our best speakers are heard to pronounce sing-in, bring- in, and fling.-in ; and for the very same reason that we exclude the ringing sound in these words, we ought to admit it when the verb ends with in; for if, instead of sinning, pinning, and beginning, we should pronounce sin-nin, pin-nin, and begin-nin, we should fall into the same disgusting repetition as in the former case. The part i( ipial ing, therefore, ought always to have its ringing sound, except in those words formed from verbs in this termination ; for •writing, reading, and speaking, are certainly prefera- ble to "writin, readin, and sveakin, wherever the pro- nunciation has the least degree of precision or solem- nity. 411. JV is mute when it ends a syllable, and is pre- ceded by I or to, as kiln, hymn, limn, solem.n, column, autumn, condemn, contemn. In hym-ning, and lim- ning, the n is generally pronounced, and sometimes, in very solemn speaking, in condem-ning, and contem- ning ; but in both cases, contrary to analogy, which forbids any sound in the participle that was not in the verb. (381.) P. 412. This letter is mute before s and t at the be- inning of words, as psalm, psalmist, psalmody, psalmo- graphy, psalter, psaltry ; the prefix pseudo signifying false, as pseudography, pseudvlogy, and the interjec tion pshaw ! To these we may add. ptisan, ptyaUsm^ ptysmagogue. It is mute in the middle of words be- tween m and t, in empty, sempstress, peremptory, sumptuous, presumptuous, redemption, exemption, and raspberry. In cupboard it coalesces with and falls into its flat sound b, as if written cubboard. It is mute in a final syllable between the same letters, a? tempt, attempt, contempt, exempt, prompt, accompt. In receipt it is mute between i and t, and in the mili- tary corps (a body of troops,) both p and s are mulo, as custom has acquiesced in the French pronunciation of most military terms. PH. 413. Ph is generally pronounced like /, as in philo- sophy, phantom, &c. In nephew and Stephen, it has the sound of v. In diphthong and triphthong the sound of p only is heard ; ana the h is mute like- wise in naphtha, ophthalmick, &c. In apophthegm both letters are dropped. The same may be observed of phthisis, ptithisick, and phthisical. In sapphire the first p slides into ph, by an accentual coalition of similar letters, very agreeable to analogy. See Exag gerate- Q. 414. Q has always the sound of k .- it is constant- ly followed by u, pronounced like w ; and its general sound is heard in quack, quill, queen, &c. pronounced kwack, ktcill, kween, &c. That the u subjoined to this letter has really the power of w, may be observed in the generality of words where a succeeds; for we find the vowel go into the broad sound in quart, quar- rel, quantity, &c. as much as in war, warrant, want. &c. (85.) But it must be carefully noted, that this broad sound is only lieard under the accent ; when the a, preceded by qu, is not accented, it has the sound of every other accented a in the language. (92.) Thus the a in quarter, quarrel, quadrant, st, est, ist, ost, ust, yst ; participia praesentis temporis in and, and, end, ind, ond, und, ynd ; prae- teriti vero in ad, aid, id, od, ud, yd ; pro vario scilicet vel 83vi vel loci dialecto." Upon various other occa- sions also they used two or more vowels and diph- thongs indifferently ; and this not always from differ- ence of age or place, because these variations are fre- Suently found in the same page. This will account or the difference between the spelling and pronunci- ation of such anomalous words as busy and bury, now pronounced as if written bisy and bevy, (the i and e having their common short sound,) and formerly spelt indifferently with e, u, or y." 1 Essay on the Harmony of Language. Robson, 1774. 419. There is a distinction in the sound of this let- ter, scarcely ever noticed by any of our writers on the subject, which is, in my opinion, of no small impor- tance; and that is, the rough and smooth r. Ben Jon- son, in his Grammar, says it is sounded firm in the beginning of words, and more liquid in the middle and ends, as in rarer, riper ; and so in the Latin. The rough r is formed by jarring the tip of the tongue against the roof of the mouth near the fore teeth : the smooth r is a vibration of the lower part of the tongue, near the root, against the inward region of the palate, near the entrance of the throat. This lat- ter r is that which marks the pronunciation of En- gland, and the former that of Ireland. In England, and particularly in London, the r in lard, bard, card, regard, &c. is pronounced so much in the throat as to be little more than the middle or Italian a, length- ened into laad, baad, caad, regaad ; while in Ireland the r, in these words, is pronounced with so strong a jar of the tongue against the fore part of the pa- late, and accompanied with such an aspiration or strong breathing at the beginning of the letter, as to produce that harshness we call the Irish accent. But if this letter is too forcibly pronounced in Ireland, it is often too feebly sounded in England, and particularly in Lon- don, where it is sometimes entirely sunk ; and it may, perhaps, be worthy of observation, that provided we avoid a too forcible pronunciation of the r, when it ends a word, or is followed by a consonant in the same syllable, we may give as much force as we please to this letter at the beginning of a word, without pro- ducing any harshness to the ear : thus Rome, river, rage, may have the r as forcible as in Ireland ; but bar. bard, card, hard, &c. must have it nearly as soft as in London. s. 420. As the former letter was a jar, this is a hiss; but a his3 which forms a much more definite and complete consonant than the other. This consonant, like the other mutes, has a sharp and a flat sound ; the sharp sound is heard in the name of the letter, and in the words same, sin, this ; the flat sound is that of z, heard in is, his, was .■ and these two sounds, accompanied by the aspirate, or h, form all the vari- eties found under this letter. (41.) 421. S has always its sharp hissing sound at the be- ginning of words, as soon, sin, &c. and when it im- mediately follows any of the sharp mutes,/, k, p, t, as scoffs, blocks, hips, pits, or when it is added to the mute e after any of these letters, as strifes, flakes, pipes, m ites. 422. S is sharp and hissing at the end of the mono- syllables yes, this, us, thus, gas ; and at the end of words of two or move syllables, -if it be preceded by any of the vowels but e, and forms a distinct syllable": thus es in pipes and mites do not form a distinct sylla- ble ; and as they are preceded by a sharp mute, the s is sharp likewise : but in prices these letters form a syllable, and the s is pronounced like z, according to the general rule. 422. The only exceptions to this rule, are the words, ] as, whereas, has, his, was ; for bias, dowlas, Atlas, me tropolis, basis, chaos, tripos, pus, chorus, Cyprus, &.C. ■ have the final s pronounced sharp and hissing. ! 424. Agreeably to this rule, the numerous termina- tions in ous, as pious, superfluous, &.c. have the s sharp, and are pronounced exactly like the pronoun us ■. and every double 5 in the language is pronounced in the same manner, except in the words dissolve, possess, ! and their compounds, scissors, hussy, and hussar. i 425. S, in the inseparable preposition dis, when eithei j the primary or secondary accent is on it, (522,) is al- ways pronounced sharp and hissing : the word dismal, I which seems to be an exception, is not so in reality ; for, in this word, dis is not a preposition : thus disso : lute, dissonant, &.c. with the primary accent on dis , I and disability, disagree, &c. with the secondary ao- ; cent on the same letters, have the s sharp and hiss- j ing ; but when the accent is on the second syllable, ! the s is either sharp or flat, as it is followed either \ by a vowel, or a sharp or flat consonant ; thus dis- ■ able, disaster, disease, disinterested, dishonest, disor- ; der, disuse, have all of them the s in dis flat like j z, because the accent is not on it, and a vowel be- gins the next syllable; but discredit, disfavour, dis- j kindness, dispense, distaste, have the s sharp and j hissing, because a sharp consonant begins the succeed- ing accented syllable; and disband, disdain, disgrace, disjoin, disvalue, have the s flat like z, because they are succeeded by a flat consonant in the same situa- tion. (435.) 426. S, in the inseparable preposition mis, is always sharp and hissing, whether the accent be on it or not; or whether it be followed either by a vowel or a sharp or flat consonant, as miscreant, misaim, misapply, misorder, misuse, misbegot, misdeem, misgovern, &c. See the prefix Mis. 427. S, followed by e in the final syllable of adjec- tives, is always sharp and hissing, as base, obese, pre- cise, concise, globose, verbose, morbose, pulicose, tenc- bricose, corticose, jocose, oleose, rugose, desidiose, close, I siliculose, calculose, tumulose, animose, venenose, are- nose, siliginose, crinose, loose, operosc, morose, edema- tose, comatose, acetose, aquose, siliquose, actuose, dif- ifuse, profuse, cccluse, recluse, abstruse, obtuse, except wise and otherguise, and the pronominal adjectives I these and those. j 428. S, in the adjective termination sire, is always i sharp and hissing, as suasive, persuasive, assuasivc, | dissuasive, adhesive, cohesive, decisive, precisive. inci- sive, derisive, cicatrisive, visive, plausive, abusive, i diffusive, infusive, inclusive, conclusive, exclusive, elu- | sive, delusive, prelusive, allusive, illusire, collusive, 1 amusive, obtrusive, &c. | 429. S, in the adjectives ending x £on us, to their own classical laws. 490. Accent, therefore, seems to be regulated, in a great measure, by etymology. In words from the Saxon, the accent is generally on the root; in words from the learned languages, it is generally on the termination; and if to these we add the different accent we lay on some words, to distinguish them from others, we seem W have the three great principles of accentuation ; namely, the radical, the terminatioual, and the distinctive. Accent on Dissyllables. 491. Every word of two syllables has necessarily one of them accented, and but one. It is true, for the sake of emphasis, we sometimes lay an equal stress upon two successive syllables, as di-rect, some-thnes ; but when these words are pronounced alone, they have never more than one accent. For want of attending to this distinc- tion, some writers have roundly asserted, that many dis- syllables have two accents, such as convoy, concourse, discord, shipwreck: in which, and similar instances, they confound the distinctness, with which the latter syl- lables are necessarily pronounced, with accentual force; though nothing can be more different. Let us pronounce the last syllable of the noun torment as distinctly as we please, it will still be very different with respect to force from the same syllaole in the verb to torment, where the accent is on it; and if we do but carefully watch our pronunciation, the same difference will appear in every word of two syllables throughout the language. The word Amen is the only word which is pronounced with two consecutive accents when alone. 492. There is a peculiarity of accentuation in certain words of two syllables, which are both nouns and verbs, that is not unworthy of notice; the nouns having the ac- cent on the first syllable, and the verbs on the last. This seems an instinctive effort in the language (if the expres- sion will be allowed me) to compensate in some measuro for the want of different terminations for these different parts of speech.* The words which admit of this diver- sity of accent, are the following : Nouns. Verbs. Nohus. Verbs. abject to abject descant to descant absent to absent digest to digest abstract to abstract essay to esskj accent to accent export toexpdrt affix to affix extract to extract -assign to assign exile to exile augment to augment ferment to ferment bombard to bombard frequent to frequent cement to cement import to import colleague to colleague incense to incense collect to collect insult to insult compact to compact object to object compound to compound perfume to perfume compress to compress permit to permit concert to concert prefix to prefix concrete to concrete premise to premise conduct to conduct presage to presage confine to confine present to present conflict to conflict produce to produce conserve to conserve project to project consort to consort protest to protest contest to contest rebel to rebel contract to contract record to record contrast to contrast refuse to refuse convent to convent subject to subject converse to converse survey to survey convert to convert torment to torment convict to convict traject to traject convoy to convoy transfer to transfer desert to desert transport to transport discount to discount attribute to attribute. 493. To this analogy, some speakers are endeavouring to reduce the word contents ; which, when it signifies the matter contained in a book, is often heard with the accent on the first syllable: but though this pronunciation serves to distinguish words which are different in signification, and to give, in some measure, a difference of form to the * See Observations on the Greek and Latin Accent and Quantity, at the end of the Key to the Classical Pronun- ciation of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names. * It is not improbable that the verb, by receiving a par- ticipial termination, has inclined us to pronounce that part of speech with an accent nearer the end than we di> the noun: for though we can without any difficulty pror nounce the verb with the accent on the noun, we cannot so easily pronounce the participle and the adverb formed, from it with that accent: thus we can pronounce to transport with the accent on the first syllable; but. not so easily transporting and transportingly. This is a solid reason for the distinction, and ought to induce us where we can to observe it. A sepulchre and to sepulchre seem to require it. See the word. 40 ACCENT ON DISSYLLABLES, TRISYLLABLES, AND POLYSYLLABLES noun and verb, in which our tongue is remarkably defi- cient, still it is doubtful whether this distinction be of any real advantage to the language. See Bowl. This diversity of accentuation seems to have place in some compound verbs. See Counterbalance and the subsequent words. 494. Sometimes words have a different accent, as they are adjectives or substantives. Substantives. august, the month compact champaign, wine exile, banishment valiant, a lover instinct invalid Levant, a place minute, of time supine, in grammar Adjectives. august, noble compact champaign, open exile, small gallant, bold instinct invalid levant, eastern minute, small supine, indolent. 495. Sometimes the same parts of speech have a dif- ferent accent to mark a difference of signification. to conjure, to practise magick ; to conjure, to entreat desert, a wilderness desert, merit buffet, a blow buffet, a cupboard sinister, insidious sinister, the left side. 496. In this analogy some speakers pronounce the word Concordance with the aceent on the first syllable, when it signifies a dictionary of the Bible ; and with the accent on the second, when it signifies agreement: but besides that, there is not the same reason for distinguish- ing nouns from each other, as there is nouns from verbs ; the accent on the first syllable of the word Concordance gives a harshness and poverty to its sound, whic'i ought to be avoided. 497. But though the different accentuation of nouns and verbs of the same form does not extend so far as might be expected, it is certain, that in words of two syl- lables, where the noun and verb are of different forms, there is an evident tendency in the language to place the accent upon the first syllable of the noun, and on the last of the verb. Hence the nouns outrage, upstart, and up- roar, have the accent on the first syllable ; and the verbs to uplift, to uphold, and to outstrip, on the last. 498. This analogy will appear still more evident if we attend to the accent of those nouns and verbs which are compounded of two words. Ever}' dissyllable compound- ed of words which, taken separately, have a meaning, maybe deemed a qualified substantive; and that word which qualifies or describes the other, is that which most distinguishes it, and consequently is that which ought to nave the accent : accordingly we find that inkhorn, out- rage, chairman, freehold, sand-box, book-case, pen-knife, have the accent on the first syllable, which is the speci- fying part of the word; while gainsay, foresee, overlook, undersell, have the accent on the last syllable, which is the least distinguishing part of the word. This rule, however, is, either by the caprice of custom, or the love of harmony, frequently violated, but is sufficiently exten- sive to mark the general tendency of the language. Akenside brings the verb to comment ; under this analogy: " The sober zeal u Of age, commenting on prodigious things." Pleasures of the Imagination. And Milton in the same manner the verb to commerce ; " And looks commercing with the skies, "Thy rapt soul sitting in thine eyes. II Penseroso. 499. Something very analogous to this we find in the nouns we verbalize, by changing the 5 sharp of the noun into the s flat, or z of the verb (437,) as a use, and to use ; where we may remark, that when the word in both parts of speech is a monosyllable, and so not under the laws of accent, the verb, however, claims the privilege of length- ening the sound of the consonant, when it can, as well as when it. cannot, prolong the accentuation: thus we not only find grass altered to graze, brass to braze, glass to glaze, price to prize, breath to breathe, &c. but the c or 5 sharp altered to the 5 flat in advice to advise, excuse to excuse, device to devise, &c. The noun adopting the sharp hissing sound, and the verb the soft buzzing one, without transferring the accent from one syllable to another. The vulgar extend this analogy to" the noun practice, and the verb to practise, pronouncing the first with the i short and the c like sharp s, as if written prac- tiss, and the last with the i long and the 5 like z, as if written practize .- but correct speakers pronounce the verb like the noun ; that is, as if written practiss. The noun prophecy and the verb to prophesy follow this ana- logy, only by writing the noun with the c and the verb l with the s, and without any difference of sound, excepi pronouncing the y in the first like e, and in the last like i long ; where we may still discover a trace of the tendency I to the barytone pronunciation in the noun, and the oxy- j tone in the verb. (467.) See the words. j 500. This seems to be the favourite tendency of Eng- ! lish verbs; and where we find it crossed, it is generally in I those formed from nouns, rather than the contrary : I agreeably to this, Dr. Johnson has observed, that though i nouns have often the accent on the latter, yet verbs have I it seldom on the former syllable: those nouns which, in I the common order of language, must hare preceded tne verbs, often transmit this accent tc the verbs they form, and inversely: thus the noun water must have preceded the verb to water, as the verb to correspond must have preceded the noun correspondent ; and to pursue must claim priority to pursuit. So that we may conclude whenever verbs deviate from this rule, it is seldom by chance, and generally in those words only whore a supe- riour law of accent takes place. Accent on Trisyllables. 501. As words increase in syllables, the more easily is their accent known. Nouns sometimes acquire a syllable by becoming plural; adjectives increase a syllable by be- ing compared ; and verbs, by altering their tense, or be- coming participles : adjectives become adverbs, by adding ly to them ; and prepositions precede nouns or verbs with- out altering the accent of the word to which they are prefixed : so that when once the accent of dissyllables is known, those polysyllables, whose terminations are per- fectly English, have likewise their accent invariably set- tled. Thus lion becomes lioness; poet, poetess; polite becomes politer, or politely, or even politclier : mischief, mischievous ; happy, happiness ; nay, lioness becomes lionesses; mischief, mischievousness ; and service, ser- viceable, serciceableness, serviceably, and unserviceably, without disturbing the accent, either on account of the prepositive un, or the subjunctives able, ably, and ableness. 502. Hence we may perceive the glaring absurdity which prevails even in the first circles ; that of pronounc- ing the plural of princess, and even the singular, with the accent on the second syllable, like success and successes ; ] for we might just as well say, dutchess and dutck6sses,a.s I princess and princesses ; nor would a correct ear be less I hurt with the latter than with the former. 503. So few verbs of three syllables follow the analogy ! observable in those of two, that ;f protracting the accent i to the last syllable, that this ceconomy seems peculiar to i dissyllables ; many verbs, indeed, of three syllables are j compounded of a preposition of two syllables: and then, according to the primary law of formation, and not the secondary of distinction, we may esteem them radical, and not distinctive: such are contradict, intercede, su- persede, contraband, circumscribe, superscribe, &c. while the generality of words ending in the verbal terminations ise and ize, retain the accent of the simple, as criticise, tyrannize, modernize, pa, antiphrasis, metabasis, perd^aats, protasis, emphasis, ipfaas, metathesis, antispasis, avriazaci?, epenthesis, antithesis, avrideffis, aphaeresis, (fatio,pr)0ik,,. tabid us. frlgidus. squalidus. acer. aridus. floridus. rorid us. foE'tidus. livid us. vividus. faciindus. fceciindus. pra?benda. solatium. prasfatio. pumex. pecna. florentia. provincia. productio. flabilis. debilis. graniilum. promitto. ceriissa. lepra, lepra. prlmitius. profero. rivus. separo. • clamor. crasis. processus. splritus. trajectus. projectus. product us. creditus. legate, granate, granite, spinach, radish, planish, vanish, finish, punish, flourish, nourish, comick, coral, moral, tramel, civil, linen, seven, florin, resin, rosin, matin, solemn, felon, melon, lemons, echo, bishop, profit, limit, spirit, visit, pedant, clement, cement, present, protest, lily, very, city, privy, lagatus. granatus. granatus.. splnachia. radix. planus. vanesco. finio. piinio. florio. nutrio. comicus. corallium. moralis. \rama civllia linum- septem. florentia. resina. resina. matutlnus. solemnis. felonia. melo. timonea. ech5, hx&' episcopus. proficio. limit atio. spirltus. vlsito. pa?daneus. clemens. crementum. pra3sens. protestor. lilium. fUia. Vero. civltas. privus. 545. In this view of the Latin and English quantity, we see how uncertain it is to argue from the former to the latter ; for, though the Latin accent is frequently a rule for placing the English accent, as in words derived whole from that language, as abdomen, acumen, &c. (503,) or preserving the same number of syllables, as in impudent, elegant, from iwjmdens, elegans, &c. (503.) yet the quantity of the Latin seems to have no influence on that of the English. In words of two syllables, where one consonant comes between two vowels, as focus, basis local, &.c, though the vowel in the first syllable is short in Latin, it is long in English ; and inversely, florid, frig- id, livid, &c, have the vowels in the first syllable short, though these vowels are long in floridus, frigidus lividus,lkc. ; eo that, if any thing like a rule can be form- ed, it is. that when a word of three syllables in Latin, with the two first short, is anglicised by dropping the last syllable, we shorten the first syllable of the English dissyllable, unless it ends with the vowel w. (535.) Thus we see the shortening power of our English antepenulti- mate accent, which shortens every antepenultimate vow- el but u, in our pronunciation of Latin words ; as in mU minis, vividus, &c. ; and continues its shortening powej in the penultimate accent of these words when anglicis- ed into mimick and vivid ; and hence it is that the short quantity of the first vowel in dissyllables is become so prevalent in our language, to the great detriment of its sound, and the disturbance of its simplicity. It may be necessary, in the next place, to take a view of such "words as are" either of Saxon or French original, or not so immediately derived from the Latin, as to be in fluenced by its quantity. Dissyllables with but one consonant in the middle having the first syllable pronounced long: sofa, sera, a«a, blfold, epha, dotard, gala, dotage, china, coping, navel, egre, hazel, cipher foci], father, evil, saker, acorn, oker, mason, stoker, dado, taper, sago, toper, bravo, water, lilacb, sophi, triglyph, kali, garish, rebeck, zenith, copal, cadi, gabel, bosom, gravy, raven, Ivy, even, hazy, zechin, nlzy, bason, clover, capon, sizer, apron, nadir, Iron, tabour, gleby, wages, 4S QUANTITY OF THE UNACCENTED VOWELS, trochar waver, holy, bolis, pSla-r, lever, zany, tophet grocer, over, tiny, egret, spider, rlgol, pony, rolant, cider, token, crony, pilot, water, megrim, tory, borax, wager, besom, mlsy, baby. Dissyllables with but one consonant in the middle; having the first syllable pronounced short: borough, seraph, relish, blemish, ba.iish, damask, frolick, medal, 6hSkel, amel, chisel, gavel, ephod, hazard, hagard, dizard, lizard, vizard, wizard, bodice, balance, valance, damage, homage, gravel, bevil, levej, revel, snivel, rivel, drivel, swivel, hovel, grovel, shovel, drazel, manage, borage, visage, ravage, savage, rivage, travise, traverse, refuse, frigate, sheriff, travail, peril, venom, woman, riven, sloven, oven, satin, bavin, ravin, spavin, plevin, covin, flagon, genet, wagon, claret, talon, closet. tenon, civet, heron, trivet, baron, rivet. sirup, covet, lecher, fagot, wether, bigot, gather, lather, jig°t, spigot, rather, pivot, nether, desert, hither, covert, wither, copist, thither, provost, tither, gamut, Sther, shadow, mother, widow, smotner, honey, pother, comely, siker, many, clever, cony, never, bury, quiver, busy, cover, bevy, hover, levy, manor, tivy, caract, privy, valet, pity. From the perusal of this selection, we see a great ma- jority of words where the first vowel is sounded short, and, therefore, to some inspectors, it may seem improba- ble that the original tendency of our Saxon language was to the long quantity of the penultimate vowel. But, as Mr. Nares very judiciously observes, "the rule is suffi- ciently general to be admitted, and is undoubtedly founded in the nature of our pronunciation :" for which he quotes Dr. Wallis, who says, '' Haec videtur genuina linguae nos- tra ratio antiqua." Elements of Orthoepy, page 225. 546. Those who have made the progress of languages their study will observe, it is presumed, that the broad sounds of vowels change to the slender,* thf (difficult consonants to the easier, and the long vowt.s tr, short ones. This, it is imagined, will be found to be tr^ein all languages, as well as our own ; and such alteration seems founded in the nature of man and of society. The next object to understanding a language being despatch, it is no wonder that short sounds have been encroaching on us, and depriving us of the tune of our words for the sake of gaining time. This is apparent in the abbrevia- tion of simples when compounded, as in knowledge, shep- herd, &x. (518;) but, as it is the business of art to correct and regulate the eccentricities of nature and the excesses of custom, it should be the care of every philosophick grammarian to keep his eye upon the original genius and general scope of his language, and to sutler custom to de- part as little from them as possible. But, although no in- consistency or want of analogy can alter any pronuncia- tion which is once acknowledged and settled, yet, when a pronunciation is wavering, consistency, analogy, and ge- neral principles, ought to decide against a great majority of mere fashion and caprice. Thus have I endeavoured to give a distinct view of the correspondence between the accent and quantity of the learned languages and our own, and to rescue a plain Englishman (who, as Ben Jonson says of Shakspeare, has little Latin and less Greek,) from the supercilious criticism of those Greeklings and Latinitasters, who are often remarkably ignorant of their own language, and yet frequently decide upon its accent and quantity, be- cause they have a smattering of Greek and Latin. If the question turns upon the accent of an English word, the * Alioqui, pro usu, abusus & inveteratus error nobis obtruderetur. Olim enim pro mutatione sonorum muta- bantur & literae: & si quando consuetudo aliquid mutas- set, scribendi quoque modus statim variabatur. Unde quum apivl Enniurn & Plautum Soyit & Servos diceretur' & scriberetur, postea multis aurium deliciis o vocali re- jecta, quod vastus illius videretursonus, u litera substitu- ta est, & sono expressa ; ifa ut eorum loco Sunt &c Ser- vus prolatum&scriptumsit Adolphi Me ke re hi Brugensis De Vet et Eeot. Pronun. Lingua? Graeca? Commentarius. Latin word it is derived from is immediately produced and sentence passed without appeal: and yet, if the Eng- lishman were tc ask the rule on which this cecision is founded, the scholar would, in all pubability, be at a loss to tell him. Has every English word, he migh*, say the same accent as the Latin word from which it is ue- rived.' This the scholar could not answer in the affirma- tive, as the least recollection would tell him that parsi- rriony, acrimony, ike. cannot be accented after the Latin parsimonia, acrimonia,&.c, as the Latin is never accent- ed higher than the antepenultimate. But perhaps the English word is adopted whole from the Latin. Here in undoubtedly a fair pretence for pronouncing it with the Latin accent ; and yet we see how many exceptions there are to this rule (see No. 503, b.) Or, perhaps, the English word, though anglicised, retains the same number of syl- lables. This, indeed, may he said to be a general rule for preserving the Latin accent, but. so general as to be neglected in a thousand instances, (see No. 503,/, g, h, i, k.) But if the scholar, as is often the case, huddles quantity and accent together, and infers the English quantity from the Latin; the English scholar needs only to refer him to the selections here given, (No. 544, 545,) to show the inanity of such a plea. Upon the wholp, therefore, I flatter myself that men of learning will be gratified to see the subject in a clearer point of view than any in which it has ever been exhibited ; and the p.^ain English scholar will be indebted to me for giving h«m as clear and distinct an idea of the connexion between the Greek and Latin accent and quantity, and the accent and quantity of his native tongue, as if he had Homer and Horace by heart ; and for placing him out of the reach of those pert minor criticks, who are constantly insulting him -vith their knowledge of the dead languages. OJ the Quantity of the Unaccented Vowels not in the same Syllable with Consurumts. 547. Accented syllables, as we have before observed, (179,) are so strongly marked as to be easily comprehend- ed when they are once settled by custom or analogy ; but those immediately before or after the accent are in a state of uncertainty, which some of our best judges find them- selves unable to remove. Some grammarians have called all the open vowels, before or after the accent, short though the ear so evidently dictates the contrary in the u in utility, the o in obedience, &c. Some have saved themselves the trouble of farther search by comprehend- ing these vowels under the epithet obscure ; nay, so un- fixed do the sounds of these vowels seem, that Dr. Ken- rick, whose Rhetorical Dictionary shows he was possess- ed of very great philological abilities, seems as much at a loss about them as the meanest grammarian in the kingdom; for, when he comes to mark the sound of the vowel o, in the first syllable of a series of words, with the accent on the second, he makes the o \npromulge, propel, and prolix, long, as they ought to be ; and the same letter in proboscis, proceed, and procedure, short. Dominion, domestick, donation, and domain, are mark- ed as if pronounced dom-inion, dom-estick, don-ation, and dom-ain, with the o short; while the first of docil- ity, potential, and monotony, have the o marked long, as in donor, potent, and modish ; though it is certain to a demonstration, that, the etymology, accent, and letters being the same, the same sound must be produced, un- less where custom has precisely marked a difference ; and that the first syllables of promulge, propel, and pro- lix, and those of proboscis, proceed, and procedure, have no such difference, seems too evident to need proof.* 548. I know it may be demanded, with great plausi bility, How do I know that there is not this very incon- sistency in custom itself.' What right have I to suppose that custom is not as vague and capricious in these sylla- bles t»s in those under the accent I To which I answer: If custom has determined the sound of these vowels, the dispute is at an end. I implicitly acquiesce in the deci- * I am aware that this ingenious writer seems to avoid this inconsistency, by premising, in his Rhetorical Gram- mar, page 43, that he has sometimes marked the o in words beginning with a preposition with the oratorial, and sometimes with the colloquial pronunciation: thus, in commune, communicate, &c, the oratorial sound is given, as in the first syllable of common, while the collo- quial sound changes the o into u, as if the words were written cummune, cummunicate, &c. : but the distinc- tion in these examples does not touch the point; here there is a change onlv of ono short sound for another, and not any promiscuous use of a long and a short, or an open and a shut sound of the same letter. Dr. Kenrick himself, when he marks the o in proboscis, proceed, and procedure, does not adopt the short u, as he does in commune, com- municate, &c. ; nor is he aware of the essential difference, with respect to the quantity of the vowel, in the double consonant in one set of words, and the single one in the other. NOT UNITED TO CONSONANTS. on; but if professors of the art disagree in their opin- ions, it is a shrewd sign that custom is not altogether so clear in its sentence ; and 1 must insist on recurring to principles till custom has unequivocally decided. 549. Every vowel, that is neither shortened by the ac- cent, nor succeeded by a double consonant, naturally ter- minates a syllable : and this terminating vowel, though not so properly long as if the accent were on it. would be very improperly termed short, if by short, as is often the case, be meant shut. (65.) According to this idea of syllabication, it is presumed that the word opinion would fall into three distinct parts, and every part lie terminat- ed by a consonant but the first, thus, o-pin-ion. 550. But it may he demanded, What reason is there, in the nature of the thing, for dividing the word in this manner, rather than into op-in-ion, where a consonant ends e\ery syllable >. In this, as in many other cases of delicacy, we may be allowed to prove what is right by first proving what is wrong. Every ear would be hurt, if the first syllables of opinion and opulence were pro- nounced exactly alike; op-in-ion would be as different from o-pm-ion, as o-pu-lence from op-u-lence, and conse- quently a different syllabication ought to be adopted ; but, as opulence is rightly divided into op-u-lence, opinion must be divided into o-pin-ion ; that is, the o must be necessarily separated from thep, as in o-pen ; for, as was before observed, every vowel pronounced alone has its open sound, as nothing hut its junction with a consonant can shut it, and consequently unaccented vowels, not ne- cessarily joined to a consonant, are always open: there- fore, without violating the fundamental laws of pronun- ciation, opinion must necessarily be divided into o-pin- ion, and not op-in ion, and the o pronounced as in the word open, and not as in opulence .- which was the thing to be proved. 551. If these reasons are valid with respect to the •owel in question, they have the same force with respect io every other vowel not shut by a consonant throughout the language. That the vowels in this situation are actually open, we may easily perceive by observing that vowel, which, from its diphthongal and semi-consonant sound, is less liable to suffer by obscure pronunciation than any other. The letter u, in this situation, always preserves itself full and open, ^s we may observe in utili- ty, lucubration, &c. The o, the most open of ail the sim- ple vowels, has the same tendency in obedience, opaque, position, &.C., the e in the first syllable of event, in the second of delegate, the first and third of evangelist, in the second of gaycty, nicety, &c, the a in the first of abate, and the second of probable, &.c, and the i in nullity. This unaccented letter being no more than e, and this sound, when long, corresponding exactly with its short sound, which is not the case with any of the other vow- els, (65) (66,) the difference between the long and short, or open and shut sound of this letter, is less perceptible than in any other : yet we may easily perceive, that a delicate pronunciation evidently leaves it open when un- accented in indivisibility, as this word would not be justly pronounced if the i in every syllable were closed by a consonant, as if divided into in-div-is-ib-il-it-y .• the first, third, and fifth syllables, would, indeed, be justly pronounced according to this division, as these have all accentual force, which shuts this vowel, and joins it to the succeeding consonant ; but in the second, fourth, and sixth syllables, there is no such force, and consequently it must remain open and unconnected with the conso- nant ; though, as was before observed, the long and short sound of this vowel are so near eacii other, that the dif- ference is less perceived than in tne rest. Every ear would be displeased at such a pronunciation as is indicat- ed by ut-til-lit-y, luc-cub-bra-tion, op-pin-ion, pos-ition, ev-vent, ev-van-gel-ist, ab-batc, prob-bab-ble, &c. ; but, for exactly the same reasons, that the vowels out of the stress ought to be kept open in these words, the slender i must be kept open in the same situation in the word in- di-yis-i-bil-i-ty, and every similar word in the language.* 552. From all this it will necessarily follow, that the custom adopted by the ancients and moderns of joining the single consonant to the latter vowel in syllabication, when investigating the unknown sound of a word, has its foundation in reason and good sense : that the only rea- son why vowels are short and shut, is their junction with a consonant; so those that are not joined to conso- nants, when we are not speaking metrically, cannot be said to be either short or shut: and that, as all accented * It is plain that Mr. Sheridan considered the unac- cented vowel i, whether ending a syllable or joined to the succeeding consonant, as standing "for the same sound ; for we see him sometimes making use of one division, and sometimes of another: thus he divides the word di-ver- si-ty with the i terminating the penultimate syllable, and ri-ni-ver-sit-y with the same i united to the consonant. The same variety takes place in the words di-vis-i-bil-i- ty and in-di-vis-i-bil-it-y ; while Dr. Kenrick divides all words of this termination regularly in the former manner. vowels, when final, or pronounced alone, have their open sound, so those vowels that are alone, or final in a sylla- ble, must necessarily retain their open sound likewise, as nothing but uniting instantaneously with the succeed- ing consonant can shut them: and, though nothing but a delicate ear will direct us to the degree of openness with which we must pronounce the first unaccented o in do- cility, domestick, potential, proceed, monastick, monoto- ny, &c, we may be assured that it is exactly under the same predicament, with respect to sound, in all these words ; and, as they can never be pronounced short and shut, as if written dossility, dommestick, &c, without hurting the dullest ear; so the e in event, evangeli.it, &c, and the i in the third syllable of utility, and in the se- cond, fourth, and sixth of indivisibility, can never be sounded as if joined to the consonant without offendin| every delicate ear, and overturning the first principles ot pronunciation. 553. The only considerable exception to this general rule of syllabication, which determines the sound of the unaccented vowels, is when e succeeds the accent, and is followed by r, as in literal, general, misery, &c, which can never be pronounced lit-e-ral, gen-e-ral, mis-e-ry, &c, without the appearance of affectation. In this situa- tion, we find the r corrupts the sound of the e, as it does that of every other vowel when in a final, unaccented syl- lable. For, this consonant being nothing more than a jar, it unavoidably mixes with the e in this situation, and reduces it to the obscure sound of short u, (418,) a sound to which the other unaccented vowels before r have sometimes so evident a tendency. 554. An obscure idea of the principles of syllabication just laid down, and the contradiction to them perceived in this exception, has made most of our orthoepists ex- tremely wavering and uncertain in their division of words into syllables, when the unaccented e has preceded r, where we not onlv find them differing from each other but sometimes even from themselves : Sheridan. miz-ur-ubl, miz-zur-y, sur-dzhur-y, sor-cer-y, rob-bur-y, fore-jer-y, slave-er-y, na-vur-y, bra-vur-y, cook-er-y, rook-ur-y, im-midzh-ry, flum-mu?--y, mum-mur-y, mur-dur-ur, mur-dur-us fine-ur-y, gun-nur-y, dan-je-rus, vo-sif-er-us, som-nif-fer- us, nu-mcr^us, in-nu-mur-ut pros-per-us, im-pros-pur- us, ut-ter-ebl, un-ut-ter-ebl, Kenrick. mis-er-y, sur-ge-ry, sor-ce-ry, for-ge-ry, sla-ve-ry, kna-ve-ry, roek-er-y, im-a-ger-y, Jlum-mer-y, mum-mer-y, Scott. mis-e^ra-bl, mis-e-ry, sur-ge-ry, sor-ce-ry, rob-ber-y, for-ge-ry, sla-ve-ry, kna-ve-ry, bra-ve-ry, cook-e-ry, rook-e-ry, im-a-ger-y, Perry. mis-er-a-ble, mis-e-ry, surg-e-ry. sor-ce^ry, rob-be-ry forg-e-ry, sla-ve-ry, knav-e-ry, brav-e-ry, cook-e-ry, rook-e-ry, im-a-ge-ry, gun-ner-y, dan-ger-us. Jlum-ma-ry, jlum-mer-y, mum-me^ry, mum^me-ry, mur-der-er, mur-der-er, mur-der-ous, mur-der-ous, fi-ne-ry, fine-ry, gun-ne-ry, gun-ne-ry, dan-ger-ous, dan-ger-ous vo-cif-e-rous, vo-cif-er-ous, vo-cif-e^rous, som-nif-e-rus, som-nif-er- som-nif-e- ous, rous, nu-me-rous, nu-me-rous, nu-me-rous, , in-nu-me-rous,in-nu-me-rous, pros-per-ous, pros-per-ous, un-pros-per- un-pros-per- ous, ous, ut-ter-a-ble, ut-ter-a-ble, un-ut-ter-a-ble,un-ut-ter-a-ble> 555. I have been the more copious in my collection of these varieties, that I might not appear to have taken the advantage of any oversight or mistake of the press : nor is it any wonder, when the principles of syllabication so strongly incline us to leave the vowel e, like the other vowels, open before a single consonant ; and the ear so decidedly tells us, that this letter is not always open I when preceded by the accent, and followed by r, — it is no wonder, I say, that a writer should be perplexed, and that he should sometimes incline to one side, and sometimea to the other. I am conscious I have not always been free from this inconsistency myself. The examples, there- fore, which I have selected, will, I hope, fully justify mo in the syllabication I have adopted ; which is, that of sometimes separating the e from the r in this situation, and sometimes not. When solemn and deliberate speak- ing has seemed to admit of lengthening the e, I have sometimes made it end the syllable; when this was not the case, I have sometimes joined it to the r: thus, as e in the penultimate syllable of incarcerate, reverberate, &.c, seems, in solemn speaking, to admit of a small de- gree of length and distinctness, it ends a syllable; but as no solemnity of pronunciation seems to admit of the same length and openness of the e in tolerate, deliberate, &cc, it is united with r, and sounded in the notation by short u. It ought, however, to be carefully observed, 50 TABLE OF SIMPLE AND DIPHTHONGAL VOWELS. that, though the e in this situation is sometimes separat- | ed from the r y there is no speakings however deliberate j and solemn, that will not admit, of uniting it to r, and pronouncing it like short u, without offending the nicest and most critical ear. 556. It must also be noted, that this alteration of tho sound of e before r is only when it follows the accent, either primary or secondary, (522) (530 ;) for, when it is in the first syllable of a word, though unaccented, it keeps its true sound: thus, though the e is pronounced like u in alter, alteration, &c, yet in perfection, terrifick, Sec, this letter is as pure as when the accent is on it in perfect, terrible, &c. 557. Something like the corruption of the sound of unaccented e before r, we may perceive in the colloquial pronunciation of the vowel o in the same situation; and accordingly we find our best orthoepists differ in their notation of this letter: thus memory, memorable, immem- orable, memorably, memorize, have the o pronounced like short u by Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott ; and memoran- dum with the o as in open ; while Dr. Kenrick gives the o in all these words the sound it has in the conjunction or. Mr. Sheridan marks the unaccented o in corporal, corporate, and corporation, like the o in open ; but Mr. Scott pronounces this o in corporal, corporate, and cor- poration, like short u, and the same letter in incorporate and incorporation like Mr. Sheridan; and Dr. Kenrick like the o in the former instances. Mr. Sheridan and. Mr. Scott are uniform in their pronunciation of the same vowel like short u in armour, armorer, armory, pillory, suasory,pcrsuasory, allegory, compulsory, cursory, ami predatory ; while Dr. Kenrick pronounces the o in ar- mour and armory like the o in open, and the same letter in pilloiy, allegory, and cursory, like the o in or, nor, &.C. This diversity among good judges can arise from nothing but the same uncertainty of the sound of this letter that we have just observed of the e ; but, if we narrowly watch our pronunciation, we shall find that the unaccented o may be opened and lengthened, in deliberate speaking, without hurting the ear, which is not always the case with c ; and this has induced me generally *o separate the o from the succeeding r, when immediately following the accent ; though I am sensible that the ra- pidity of colloquial speaking often reduces it to short « without offending the ear: but, when the o is removed more than one syllable from the accent, the most delibe- rate speaking generally lets it slide into the other vowel ; for which reason I have commonly marked it in this manner. See Command. 558. It may, perhaps, appear to some of my readers, that too much time has been spent upon these nice dis- tinctions of sound, in which judges themselves are found to disagree; but, when we consider how many syllables in the language are unaccented, and that these syllables are those in which the peculiar delicacy of the pronuncia- tion of natives consists ; when we reflect on the necessity of having as distinct and permanent sounds as possible, to which we may refer these fleeting and evanescent ones, we shall not look upon an attempt to arrest and investi- gate them as a useless part of philology. 669. A TABLE of the SIMPLE and DIPHTHONGAL VOWELS, referred to by the Figures over the Letters in this Dictionary, ENGLISH SOUNDS. FRENCH SOUNDS 1 a. The long slender English a, as in fate, pa-per, &c. (73.) 6 in fie, Ipee. 2. a. The long Italian a, as in far, fa-ther, pa-pa, mam-ma (77.) a in fable, rahle. 3. a. The broad German a, as in fall, wall, wa-ter (83.) d in dge, Chdlons 4. a. The short sound of the Italian a, as in fat, mat, mar-ry (81.) a in fat, matin. 1. e. The long e, as in me, here, me-tre, me-dium (93.) i in mitre, epitre. 2. S. The short e, as in met, let, get (95.) e in mette, nette. 1. \. The long diphthongal i, as in pine, tl-tle (105.) k at in laXque, naif. 2. 1. The short simple i, as in pin, tlt-tle (107.) i in inne 1 , tittri. 1. 6. The long open o, as in n6, n6te, n6-tice (162.) . . . . o in globe, lobe. 2. 5. The long close o, as in mSve, pr5ve ( 164.) ou in mouvoir, powvir. 3. 6. The long broad o, as in nor, for, 6r 5 like the broad a (167.) ...... o in or, for, enco> 4. 6. The short broad 0, as in not, hot, got (163.) o in hotte, cotle. 1. 6. The long diphthongal u, as in tube, cube, Cu-pid (171.) tou in Cioutat, chiourme. 2. fi. The short simple u, as in tub, cup, sup (172.) cm in neuf veuf 3. fl. The middle or obtuse u, as in bull, full, pull (173.) ou in boule, foule, poule. 51. The long broad o, and the short 1, as in 611 (299.) dt in cycloXfc, haoique 6&. The long broad o, and the middle obtuse u, as in th5u, pSund (313.) . . aou in Aoute. Th. The acute or sharp th, as in think, thin. (466.) Th. The grave or flat th, as in THis, THat. (41.) (50.) (469.) 560. When g is printed in the Roman character, it has its hard sound in get, gone, &c. j as go, give, geese, &c. : when it has its soft sound, it is spelled in the notation by the consonant j ; as giant, ginger, ji-ant jin-jer. The same may be observed of s : the Roman character denotes its hard sound in sin, sun &.C.; as so, sit, sense, &c. : its soft sound is spelled by z ; as rose, raise, Sec., roze, raze, &c. ADVERTISEMENT. In ihe course of a critical investigation of the powers of the letters in the foregoing Principles, there it scarcely a word, of any difficulty or diversity of sound, which has not been noticed, and the time pronunciation, with the reasons and authorities for it, pointed out 3 so that, if the inspector should not meet with sufficient information in the Dictionary under the word, let him consult the Principles under the vowel, diphthong, or con- sovmM, he wishes to be explained, and it is highly probable he will meet with the satisfaction he requires. Thus, to know something more concerning the g in the word impugn, which some speakers pronounce and others suppress, let him look into the Principles under the letter G, No. 386, and he will find additional observations to those in the Dictionary under the word. It is true, that most of these doubtful, as well as other words, are referred to the Principles ; but, if this reference should b}' chance be omitted, it is hoped that this Advertise- ment will supply the deficiency. [The following " Appendix" is found at the end of the Fourth Edition of Walker's Dictionary.] APPENDIX. The Appendix in the third edition being incorporated into the present, no place could be found for the following class of words of the termination in ose, which are so variously accented by our lexicographers; but which, from their form and derivation, ought certainly to be pronounced alike. This will evidently appear from the following sketch : Ash. An'helose, Silic'ulose, Cal'culose, Tu'mulose, An'imose, Vene'nose, Are'nose, Siligiinose, Cri'nose, Op'erose, Moro'se, Edem'atose, Com'atose, Ace'tose, A'quose, Si'liquose, Ac'lunse, Pu'licose, Johnson. Anhelo'se, Silic'ulose. Cal'culose, Tumulo'se, Animo'se, Veneno'se, Areno'se, Silig'inose. Cri'nose, Opero'se, Moro'se, Edemato'se, Comato'se, Aceto'se, Aquo'se, Sil'iquose, Actue'se. Pu-'licose, Sheridan. Anhelo'se. Entick. Kerwick. Perry. Narea. Scott. Buchanan. Tu'mulose, Tu'mulose. Calculo'se. Tu'mulose, Animo'se. Veneno'se, Vene'nose, .... — — . Feneno'sa. Areno'se, Are'nose, Areno'se. ■> Cri'nose. Opero'se, Op'erose, Opero'se, - Opero'se, Opero'se, Operate. Moro'se, Moro'se, Moro'se, Moro'se, - Moro'se, Moro'se. Edem'atose, Edem'atose. Com'atose, Comato'se. Aceto'se, Ace'tose, Ace'tose, ..... ......... Aceto'se. Aquo'se, A'quose, ~ Aquo'se. Siliquo'se, Si'liquose, Si'liquose, Sil'iquose. Pulico'se. The variety of accentuation, which this sketch exhibits, sufficiently shows how uncertain are our dic- tionaries where usage is obscure. From the decided prevalence of the accent on the last syllable of these words, we may easily guess at the analogy of pronunciation, and, with very little hesitation, determine lha* the accent ought to be placed on the last syllable of them all [The following " Conclusion" is found at the end of the Fourth Edition of Walker's Dictionary.] conclusion. Thus, after many years of labour and anxious observation, a great part of which has been bestowed on this Dictionary, I have given many additional corrections and improvements to a fourth edition of it. The favourable reception it has met with from the Publick demands my warmest acknowledgements, but at the same time makes me regret the diminished value of the former editions, from the various corrections and improvements in this ; but the judicious and candid observer will acknowledge, that a work comprehending such an infinite number of nice distinctions, and minute par- ticulars, which (as Dr. Lowth observes) often escape observation when they are most obvious, would naturally admit of several corrections and amendments in future editions. I have dissembled no difficulty ; I have stifled no objection ; and have sometimes chosen to risk the appearance of uncertainty and indecision, to those who are easily imposed upon by confidence and self-sufficiency, rather than hazard the opinion of the judicious few, by deciding without adequate reasons : and this edition, the result of much fatigue and anxiety, has, I flatter myself, fewer faults than any similar work of the same delicacy, extent, and complexity. With thank- fulness, therefore, to God, who has supported me through the whole of it, I once more consign it tc the candid and discerning Publick. TODD'S JOHNSONS DICTIONARY, AS ABRIDGED BY CHALMERS, AND WALKER'S CRITICAL PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY, UNITED. The figures refer to the numbers in the Principles of Pronunciation prefixed to this Dictionary, when. tlie different sounds of tJie tetters are explained at large. Tims 73 refers to the first sound of the letter A ; 93 to tlie first sound of the letter E ; and so of the rest. The figures over tJie letters refer to the vowels in the words at tlie top of tlie page ; and the index Q~p before these words refers to tlie Table of Simple and Diphthongal Sounds, where the different sounds of the vowels are exhibited at one view. Thus O 3 559 refers to the Table in page 50. O* 559.— Fate 73, far 77, fall 83, fat 81 ;— me 93, met 95;— pine 105, pin, 107;— n6 162, m5ve 164, n6r 167, n6t 163;— tube 171, tab 1 72, bull 173;— 611 299;— p6ftnd 313;— th'm 466, thi s 469. A HAS, in the English language, regularly only two sounds peculiar to itself, a short and a long one ; all other sounds being irregular ; and those of a are various, according to its combina- tior with other letters. The broad sound, resem- bling that of the German a, is found in many of our monosyllables, as all, wall, malt, salt ; in which « is pronounced as au in cause, or aw in law. A open, not unlike the a of the Italians, is found, Dr. Johnson says, in father, rather, and more obscurely in fancy, fast, &c. This pronunciation is indeed found in rath, but not in its. derivative rather, the a of which is usually uttered as infancy. A slender, or close, is the peculiar a of the English language, resembling the sound of the French e masculine, or diphthong ai in pais, or perhaps a middle sound oetween them, or between the a and e ; to this the Arabick a is said nearly to approach ; as in the words place, face, waste, and all those that termi- nate in ation ; as, relation, nation, generation. A is also, in some words, transient and unobserved, as in the last syllables of carriage and marriage ; in others less faintly sounded, as in those of cap- tain and chaplain ; and in some obscurely uttered, as in collar, jocular. A, an article set before nouns of the singular number; a man,. a tree. Before words beginning with a vowel and h mute, it is written art ; as, anox, an egg, an honour, an habitual practice. A is sometimes a noun; as, a great A. A is placed before a participle, or participial noun ; and is considered as a contraction of at ; as, I am a walking. It also seems to be anciently contract- ed from at, when placed before local surnames ; as Thomas a Becket. In other cases it seems to signify to; and in some cases it signifies in. A, prefixed to many, or few, implies one whole num- ber; as, Told of a many thousand warlike French. Sfiaks. A has a peculiar signification, denoting the proportion of one thing to another ; as, The landlord hath a hundred a year. In burlesque poetry, it lengthens out a syllable, without adding to the sense ; as, lineo, rhyming to China. Dryden. A is sometimes corruptly put for he ; as, will a come ? for will he come ? It is also a barbarous corruption for have. A, in composition, seems to have sometimes the power of the French a in these phrases, a droit, a gauche, &.c. and sometimes to be contracted from at, Dr. Johnson says ; as, aside, aslope, afoot, asleep, athirst, aware. Yet some of these are not so contracted. They are the same as on side, on foot, on sleep. So adays was formerly written on days ; aboard, on hoard There are words of which the a is become so com- ponent a part as not to be displaced; as, afresh, alive, aloud, anew ; but it is redundant in arise, arouse, awake. A, in abbreviations, stands for artium, or arts ; as, A. B. bachelor of arts, arii- uvi baccalaureus ; A. M. master of arts, artium magister : or anno; as, A. D. anno domini. A, with the addition of the two Latin words per se, meaning by itself, is used by our elder writers to denote a nonesuch. It may have been adopted from the custom of the child's school, in which every letter, we may presume, was taught to be expressed per se. §£}T A. 73. The change of the letter a into an before a vowel or mute h for the sake of sound, seems to deserve more attention than has generally been given to it by any of our grammarians, and will therefore be consider ed under the article An ,• which see. Of the Alphabetical Pronunciation of the Letter A. So many profound and ingenious observations have been made upon this first step to literature, that volumes might be filled with the erudition that has been lavish- ed on this letter alone. The priority of place it claims, in all alphabets, has made it so much the object of at- tention, that philologists suppose the foundation of learning but weakly laid till the natural and civil his tory of the first letter be fully settled. Bat, however deep have been their researches into the origin of this letter, we find no author in our language has hitherto attempted to settle the disputes that have arisen between the natives of England, Ireland, and Scotland, about the true sound of it, when called by its name. Instead, therefore, of tracing this character through the circles of Gomer, the Egyptian Hiero- glyphicks, the mysterious Abraxas, or the Irish Ogum, I shall endeavour to obviate a difficulty that frequently arises when it is pronounced in the flornbook : or, in other words, to inquire what is the true name of the first letter of the English alphabet — whether we are to say Aye, B, C ; Ah, B, C; or Aw, B, C. And first, it will be necessary to consider the nature of a vowel ; which grammarians are generally agreed in de- fining to be " a simple articulate tound, formed by the impulse of the voice by the opening only of the mouth in a particular manner." Now, as every vowel by it- self is sounded long, as nothing but its junction with a. 53 / BA CJ" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fit ;— me, mk 3— pine, pin j- consonant can make it otherwise, it is natural, when pronouncing this vowel alone, to give it tho long open sound ; but as this long open sound is threefold, as heard in face, father, and water, a question arises, which of these long sounds shall we adopt as a common name to the whole species of this letter? The English make choice of the a in face, the Irish of that in father, and the Scotch of that in water. Each party produces words where the letter a is sounded in the manner they contend for; but when we demand why one should have the preference, the controversy is commonly at an end ; any farther reasons are either too remote or too insignificant to be produced : and indeed, if a diversity of names to vowels did not confound us in our spelling, or declaring to each other the component letters of a word, it would be entirely needless to Cuter into so trifling a question as the mere name of a letter ; but when wc find ourselves unable to convey signs to each other on account of this diversity of names, and that words themselves are endangered by an improper ut- terance of their component parts, it seems highly in- cumbent on us to attempt a uniformity in this point, which, insignificant as it may seem, is undoubtedly the foundation of a just and regular pronunciation. The first rule for naming a letter, when pronounced alone, seems to be this : Whatever sound we give to a letter when terminating a syllable, the same sound ought to be given to it when pronounced alone ; because, in both cases, they have their primary, simple sound, un- influenced by a succeeding vowel or consonant ; and therefore, when we pronounce a letter alone, it ought to have such a sound as does not suppose the existence of any other letter. But wherever a terminates a sylla- ble with the accent upon it, (the only state in which it can be said to be pure,) it has always the English sound of that letter. The only exceptions to this rule are, the words fa-ther, master, and wa-ter ; and that these are merely exceptions, appears from the uniformity with which the a is pronounced otherwise in parent, papal, taper, fatal, Sec. The other vowels have their names exactly similar to the sound they have in a similar situ- ation, as the e like that in me-grim, the i like the i in ti-tle ; the o as the o in no-ble, and the u like the u in tic-tor. Thus, as it appears from the general analogy of pronunciation, that the sound of the a, which the English adopt, is the only one that does not necessarily suppose the existence of any other sound, it inevitably follows, that theirs only is the proper appellation of that letter. But there is another analogy by which we may determine the true sound of the vowels when pronounced singly ; and that is, the sound they have when preserved long and open by the final e. Thus we call the letter e by the sound it has in theme r ihe letter i as it sounds in time, the letter o as heard in tone, and the u as in tune ; and why the letter a should not be pronounced as heard in face, cannot be conceived ; as each of the other vow- els has, like a, a variety of other sounds, as they are united with letters which, in some measure, alter their quality. i T n consequence of entertaining a different idea of the a, when pronounced in the alphabet, we see the natives of Ireland very prone to a different pronunciation of the words where this letter occurs; and, indeed, it is quite c consistent with their doctrine of the sound of a, that the words parent, papal, taper, and fatal, should be pro- ne unced pah-rent, pah-pal, tah-per, and fah-tal. We find the Scotch likewise inclinable to the same pronun- ciation of a when in words, as when alone. Thus we hear Sainton for Satan, sawcred for sacred, and law-ity for laitij ; and this is perfectly consistent with the manner in which they pronounce the letter a, when alone: there is no medium. If this be not the true pro- nunciation of those words, the a is certainly to be sound- ed as the English do : for, whenever the English give tho Italian sound, as it may be called, to the a, except in tk*e wards father and master, it is always inconse- quence if ita junction with some consonant, which de- termines it to that sound ; as in monosyllables termi- nating in r, as bar, car, far ; but where it is not affect- ed by a succeeding consonant, as in the words parent, pa.pal, natal, fatal, we then hear it pronounced as the slender English a, both in and out of composition. It will, perhaps, be objected, that the most frequent short sound of a, as heard in cat, rat, mat, carry, marry, parry, is the short sound of the Italian a in father, car, mar, par, and not the short sound of the a in care, marc, and pare: but it may be answered, that this want of correspondence between the name of the letter, and the most frequent short sound, is common to the rest of the vowels : for the o, as heard in cot, not, rot, is not the short sound of the o in coat, note, wrote, but of the a in water, or of the diphthongs in caught, naught, and wrov,ght ; and if we ought t J call the a, ah, because its short sound corresponds to ah^ for the very same reason we ought to call the o, au ; and a sim- ilar alteration mu3t take place with the rest of the vowels. As therefore, from the variety of sounds the vowels have, it is impossible to avoid the inconvenieHce of sometimes sounding the letter one way in a syllable, and another way in a word, we must either adopt the simple long sound when we would pronounce? the letter alone, or invent new names for every different sound in a different word, in order to obviate the difficulty. It must not be dissembled, however, that the sound of a, when terminating a syllable not under the accent, seems more inclined to the Irish than the English a, and that the ear is less disgusted with the sound of ■Ah-mer-i-cah than of A-merA-cay : but to this it may be answered, that letters not under the accent, in a thousand instances deviate from their true sound; thai the vowel a, like several other vowels in a final sylla- ble not accented, has an obscure sound, bordering on ?i , but if the a, in this situation, were pronounced ever so distinctly, and that this pronunciation were clearly the a in father, it would be nothing to the purpose ; when the a is pronounced alone, it may be said not only to be a letter, but a distinct character, and a noun substan- tive ; and, as such, has the same force as the letters in an accented syllable. The letter a, tlverefore, as the first character in the alphabet, may always be said to have the accent, and ought to have the same long, open sound, as is given to that letter when accented in a syl- lable, and not influenced in its sound by any preceding or succeeding consonant. We may therefore conclude, that if all vowels, when pro- nounced alone, are accented and long, if spelling be the pronunciation of letters alone, (as it would be absurd to suppose ourselves acquainted with the different conso- nants that determine the sound of the vowels before they are pronounced,) it follows, that in spelling, or re- peating the component parts of a word, we ought to give those parts their simple and uncombined sound ■ but there is no uncombined sound of the vowel a, ex- cept the slender sound contended for, unless in the words father and master ; and therefore, when we re- peat letters singly, in order to declare the sound of a word, we must undoubtedly give the first letter of the alphabet the sound we ever give it in the first syllable of the numerous class la-dy, pa-gan, ma-son, ba-sin, &c. Thus, after placing every objection in its strongest light, and deducing our arguments from the simplest and clearest principles, this important question seems at last decided in favour of the English ; who, indepen- dent of the arguments in their favour, may be presumed to have a natural right to determine the name of the letter in question, though it ha3 been so often litigated by their formidable and learned, though junior, rela- tions. For though, in some cases, the natives of Ire- land and Scotland adhere rather more closely to analogy than the English themselves, yet in this we find the English pronounce perfectly agreeable to rule; and that the slender pronunciation of the letter a, as they pronounce it in the alphabet, i3 no more than giving it that simple sound it ever has, when unconnected with vowels or consonants that alter its power. TV. AARO'NICAL* a-ron'-e-kal. a. That which re- lates to the priesthood of Aaron. AB§,ab, at the beginning of the names of places, generally shows that they have some relation to an abbev 3 as, Abingdon. Gibson. A'BACIST*. ab'-a-sfst. n. s. [abacisfa, Lat.] He who casts accounts ; a calculator. See Abacus. ABA'CK, a-bak'. ad. Backwards. Ob. J. Spen- ser. A sea term. Backward with the sails flatted against the mast. Diet. ABA'CK*, a-bak'. n. s. [abacus, Lat.] A plinth, or flat square stone, on the capital of a pillar, or simply a square surface. Coronation Pageant. A'BAdOT*, ab'-a-kot. n. s. The cap of state, used in old times by our English kings, wrought up in the figure of two crowns. Ob. T. ABA' C TOR, a-bak'-t6r. n. s. [Lat.] One who drives away or steals cattle in herds, or great num- bers at once, in distinction from those that steal only a sheep cr two. A' B AC US, ab'-a-kfis. n. s. [Lat.] A counting- table, anciently used in calculations. The upper- most member of a column. Diet. ABA'FT, a-baft 7 . 545. ad. [abapfcan, Sax. behind] From the fore-part of the ship, towards the stem Diet. 54 ABA ABD — nd, mdve, n6r, ndt ; — tube, tub, bull ;— 6ll ; — p6und ; — thin, THis. ABAl'SANCE, a-ba'-sanse. n. s. [abaisser, Fr.] An act of reverence, a bow To ABA'LIENATE^ab-ale'-yen-ate. v. a. [abalie- no, Lat.] In civil law, to make that another's which was our own before. To estrange ; to withdraw the affection. A'op. Sandys. ABALffiNATION,ab-ale-y£n-a'-shun. n.s. In law, the act of giving- up one's right to another person. Diet. To ABA'ND, a-band 7 . v. a. To forsake. Spenser. Ob. J. To ABANDONS, a-ban'-dfin. 166. v. a. [abandon- ner, Fr.] To give up, resign, or quit. Gower. To desert 5 to forsake ; in an ill sense. Sidney. To forsake; to leave. Spenser. To drive away; to banish. Shak. To ABA'NDON OVER, a-ban'-dun-o-vur. v. a. A form of writing not usu'ai ; to give up to, to resign. Dryden. ABA'NDON*, a-ban'-dun. n. s. A forsaker ; he who has abandoned or left a thing. Sir E. Sandys. A relinquishment. Ld. Karnes. ABANDONED, a-ban'-dund. 362. participial a. Corrupted in the highest degree ; as, an abandoned wretch. Nelson. ABA'NDONER*, a-ban'-d&n-ur. n. s. A forsaker. Beaum. and Fl. ABANDONING, a-ban'-dun-fng. n.s. A leaving or forsaking. Clarendon. ABANDONMENT, a-ban'-dun-ment. n. s. The act of abandoning. Cotgrave. ABANNFTION, a-ban-nfsh'-un. n. s. [abannitio, Lat.] A banishment for one or two years for man- slaughter. Diet. Ob. J. To ABA/RE §, a-bare'. v. a. [abajitan, Sax.] To make bare, uncover, or disclose. Diet. ABARTICULA'TION, ab-ar-tlk-u-la'-shun. 290. n.s. [ab, from, and articulus, a joint, Lat.] That species of articulation that has manifest motion. Diet. IFoABA'SES, a-base'. v. a. [abaisser, Fr.] To de- press; to lower. Bacon. To cast down; to de- press; to bring low. Sidney. ABA'SED, a-baste'. a. A term in heraldry, used of the wings of eagles, when the top looks downwards to- wards the point of the shield ; or when the wings are shut. Chambers. ABATEMENT, a-base'-ment. n. s. The state of be- ing brought low ; the act of bringing low ; depres- sion. Ecclesiasticus. To ABA'SH^, a-bash'. v. a. [abaisser, Fr.] To put into confusion ; to make ashamed. It generally implies a sudden impression of shame. Milton. The passive admits the particle at-, sometimes of, before the causal noun. Ecclesiasticus. ABA'SHMENT*, a-bash'-ment. n.s. The state of being ashamed. Skelton. Cause of confusion. Ellis. To ABA'TES, a-b&te'. 545. v. a. [abbatre, Fr.] To lessen ; to diminish. Sir John Davies. To deject, or depress the mind. Spenser. To let down the price m selling ; sometimes to beat down the price in buying. Sir G. Paid. To ABA'TE, a-bate'. v. n. To grow less ; as, his passion abates ; the storm abates ; used sometimes with the particle of, oefore the thing lessened. Dryden. In common law, it is used both actively and neuterly ; as, to zbate a castle, to beat it down. To abate a writ, is, by some exception, to defeat or overthrow it. Cowel. In horsemanship, a horse is said to abate or take down his curvets ; when working upon curvets, he puts his two hind- legs to the ground both' at once, and observes the same exactness in all the times. Did. ABATEMENT, a-bate'-ment.Ti. s. The act of abat- ing or lessening. Swift. The state of being abated. Arbuthnot. The sum or quantity taken away by the act of abating. Fell. The cause of abating ; extenuation. Atterbury. In law, the act of the abator; or the affection or passion of the thing abated; as, abatement of the writ. Cowel. An accidental mark, which being added to a coat of arms, the dignity of it is abased. Dr. Spenser-. I ABA'TER, a-ba'-tur. 98. n. s. The agent or cause by which an abatement is procured. More. I ABA TIS*, [Fr.] A military term. It means trees cut down, and so laid as to fbnn a defence for troops stationed behind them. ABA'TOR, a-ba'-tur. n. s. One who intrudes into houses or land, not entered upon by the legal heir. Diet. A'BATUDE, ab'-a-tude. n. s. Any thing diminish- ed. Bailey. A'BATURE, db'-a-tshure. n. s. [abatre, Fr.] Sprigs of grass thrown down by a stag in his passing by. Dict.^ ABB, ab. n. s. The yarn on a weaver's warp. Cliambers. A'BBA, ab'-ba, n. s. [2H, Heb.] A Syriack word which signifies father. Romans. ABBACY, aty-ba-se. 542. n. s. The rights or priv- ileges of an abbot. Ayliffe. ABBA'TIAL* ab-ba'-shal. a. Relating to an ab- bey. Sir F. Eden. A'BBESS, ab'-bgss. n. s. [abbatissa, Lat.] The supe- riour or governess of a nunnery or monastery of women. SJiak. A'BBEY, or A'BBY, ab'-be. 270. n. s. [abbatia, Lat.] A monastery of religious persons, whether men or women, distinguished from religious houses of other denominations by larger privileges. Shak. A'BBEY-LUBBER, ab'-be-lub-bfir. n.s. A sloth- ful loiterer in a religious house, under pretence of retirement and austerity. Dryden. . A'BBOT, ab'-bfit. 166. n.s. [abbas, lower Lat.] The chief of a convent, or fellowship of canons. Cowel. A'BBOTSHIP, ab'-but-shlp. n. s. The state of an abbot. Diet. To ABBREVIATE §,ab-bre'-ve-ate. 505. v. a. [ab- breviare, Lat.] To shorten by contraction of parts without loss of the main substance; to abridge. Bacon. To shorten ; to cut short . Brown. ABBREVIATE*. ab-bre'-ve-ate. n.s. An abridge- ment. Sir T. Elyot. ABBREVIATION, ab-bre-ve-a'-shun. n.s. The act of abbreviating. Smith. The means used to abbreviate, as characters signifying whole words : words contracted. Swift. ABBREVLVTOR, ab-bre-ve-a'-tur. 521. n.s. One who abbreviates or abridges. West. ABBRE'VIATORY*, ab-bre'-ve-a-tur-re. a. That which abbreviates or shortens. ABBREVIATURE, ab-bre'-ve-a-tshure. 461. n. s. A mark used for the sake of shortening. Brown. A compendium or abridgement. Bp. Taylor. ABBREUVOIR, ab-bruh-vwar'. [Fr.] A wates- ing-place ; among masons, the joint or juncture of two stones, or the interstice between two stones to be filled up with mortar. Diet. ABBY. See Abbey. A, B, C, aye-be-se. The alphabet. '"Shak. The lit- tle book by which the elements of reading are I taught. Shak. A'BDICANT* ab'-de-kant. part. a. Abdicating, renouncing ; with of. Whillock. IToA'BDICATE^ab'-de-kafce. 503. v. a. [abdico, Lat.] To give up right; to resign, to lay down an office. Hall. To deprive of right. Burton. To A'BDICATE* ab>-de-kate. office. Hall. v. n. To resign , to give up right. Swift. ABDICATION, ab-df ka'-shfln. n. s. The act of abdicating ; resignation. Swift. The act of re- nouncing any thing. L. Addison. Deprivation ; rejection. Hammond. A'BDICATrVE, ab'-de-ka-tlv. 512. a. Causing or implying an abdication. Diet. §£f Dr. Johnson places the accent on the first syllable of this word, and Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Perry on the second. The former is, in my opinion, the most cor- rect. W. A'BDITDTE^b'-de-tiv. a. [abdo,Lat to hide.] That which has the power or quality of hiding. Diet. A'BDITORY*, ab'-de-tur-re. n. s. [abditorium, low Lat.] A place to hide and preserve goods in. CoioeL ABDOMENS, ab-d6'-men. 503. 521. n. s. Thai 55 ABI ABL \TT 559.- -Fkte, far, fall fat; —me mei;- — pine pfn£— cavity commonly called the lower venter or belly, containing the stomach, guts, liver, &c. Quint y. ABDO MINAL, ab-ddm'-me-nal. ) a. Relating- to ABDO'MINOUS, ab-dom'-me-nus. \ the abdomen. To ABDU'CE §, ab-duse'. v. a. [abduco, Lat.] To draw to a different part; to withdraw one part from another. Brown. ABDU'CENT, ab-du'-sent. a. Those muscles which serve to open or pull back divers parts of the body. Diet. ABDU'CTION, ab-duk'-shun. n. s. The act of draw- ing apart, or withdrawing one part from another. Smith. A particular form of argument. Taking away, or leading away. Blackstone. ABD U'C TOR, ab-duk'-tSr. 166. n.s. [Lat.] Mus- cles which serve to draw back the several mem- bers. Arbuthnot. To ABE'AR$*,a-bare'. [absepan, Sax.] To bear ; to behave ; to demean. Spenser. ABE'ARANCE*, a-bare'-anse. n. s. Behaviour, a technical term. Blackstone. ABECEDARIAN, a-be-se-da'-re-an. n.s. A teach- er of the alphabet, or first rudiments of literature. Cockeram. ARECEDARY, a/-be-se-der-e. a. Belonging to the alphabet. Inscribed with the alphabet. Brown. ABE D, a-bed'. ad. In bed. Sidney. To bed. A vulgarism. Beaum. and Fl. ABERRANCE §, ab-er'-ranse. ) n. s. [aberro, Lat.] ABERRANCY §,ab-eV-ran-se. ) A deviation from the right way ; an errour ; a mistake. Brown. ABERRANT, ab-eV-rant. a. Deviating from the right way. " Diet. ABERRATION, ab-eY-ra'-shun. n.s. Deviating from the common or right track. Glanville. ABERRING, ab-eV-rfng. 410. part. Wandering, going astray. Sir T. Brown. ToABERU'NCATE^b-e-ran'-kate. 91. v. a. [ave- vunco, Lat.] To pull up by the roots ; to extir- pate utterly. Diet. To ABET§, a-beV. v. a. [bet an, Sax.] To push for- ward another; to support him in his designs by connivance, encouragement, or help. Cowel. ABET*, a-beV. n. s. The act of abetting or assisting. CJiaucer. Ob. T. ABETMENT, a-beV-ment. n. s. The act of abet- ting. Wotton. ABETTER, or ABETTOR, a-beY-tfir. 418. n. s. He that abets ; the supporter or encourager of an- other. Government of the Tongue. ABEYANCE §, a-ba'-anse. n.s. The right of fee- simple lieth in abeyance, when it is all only in the remembrance, intendment, and consideration of the law. Blackstone. To ARGREGATE $*, ab'-gre-gate. [abgrego, Lat.] To lead out of the flock. Diet. AGGREGATION, ab-gre-ga'-shun. n. s. A sepa- ration from the flock. Diet. To ABHOR §, ab-h6r'. 168. v. a. [abhorreo, Lat.] To hate with acrimony; to detest to extremity; to loathe ; to abominate. Shak. To disdain ^ to neg- lect. Psalm xxii. With from. A Latinism. Bp. Taylor. ABHORRENCE, ab-h5r'-rense. ) n. s. The act of ABHO RRENCY, ab-hdr'-ren-se. $ abhorring ; de- testation. South. The disposition to abhor; liatred. Decay of Piety. With from. Barrow. ABHORRENT, ab-hSr'-rent. 168. a. Struck with abhorrence ; loathing. Thomson. Conti ary to ; for- eign ; inconsistent with. It is used with the par- ticles from or to, but more properly with from. Glanville. ABHORRENTLY*, ab-hSr'-rent-le. ad. In an ab- horrent manner. ABHORRER, ab-hSr'-rur. 168. n. s. A hater, de- tester. Donne. ABHORRING, ab-h6r'-r?ng. n. s. The object or feeling of abhorrence. Donne. To ABIDED, a-blde'. v.n. jabiban, Sax.] To stay in a place. Gen. xliv. To dwell. Shak. To remain ; not to cease or fail. Psalm exxv. To con tinue in the same state. Prov. xix. To endure without offence. Bp. Hall. To ABFDE, a-blde'. v. a. To wait for, expect, at- tend. Spenser. To bear or support the conse- quences. Milton. To bear or support, without being destroyed. Woodward. To bear without aversion. Sidney. To bear or suffer. Pope. ABFDER, a-bl'-dur. 98. n. s. He that abides in a place. Sidney. ABFDING, a-bi'-dfng. 410. n.s. Continuance; stay. Raleigh. Formerly it signified remaining behind. Barret. ARJECTS, ab'-jekt. 492. a. Mean; worthless; spoken of persons, or their qualities. Shak. Lan- guage, mean or low. Bp. Newcome. Being of no hope or regard. Milton. Mean and despicable, Dryden. ARJECT, ab'-j&kt. n. s. A man without hope ; one of the lowest condition. Psalm xxxv. To ABJE'CT, ab-jekt'. 492. v. a. [abjicio, Lat.] To throw or cast away. Sir T. Elyot. To throw or cast down. Sjienser. ABJE'CTEDNESS^b-jekt'-ed-ness. n.s. The state of an abject. Boyle. ABJE / CTION,ab-j§k / -shun. n.s. Meanness of mind ; want of spirit. Hooker. The state of being cast away, or lost. Bale. The state of being cast down. Bp. Taylor. The act of humbling ; humiliation. Mede. ARJECTLY, ab'-jgkt-le. 452. ad. Meanly, basely. Tit. Andron. ARJECTNESS, ab'-jelct-ness. n.s. Abjection; meanness. Government of the Tongrte. ABFLIMENT*, a-bll'-e-ment. n. s. See Habil- iment. It is also used for ability. Ford. ABFLIT Y, a-bil'-e-te. 482. n. s. [liability Fr.] The power to do any thing. Sidney. Capacity ofmind : mental power. Dan. i. With the plural number, abilities, it frequently signifies the faculties of the mind. Swift. ABINTESTATE, ab-m-tes'-tate. a. [ab, from, and intestatus, Lat.] He that inherits from a man who did not make a will. ABJUDICATED §* ab-ju'-de-ka-tSd. pan. a. Given by judgement from one to another. Diet. ABJUDICATION* ab-ju-de-ka'-shun. n.s. Re- jection. To AB' JUG ATE §, ab'-ju-gate. v. a. [abjugo, Lat.] To unyoke. Diet. ABJURATION, ab-ju-ra'-shun. n.s. The act of abjuring; the oath taken for that end. Ayliffe. To ABJURED, ab-jure'. v. a. [abjuro, Lat.] To cast off upon oath, to swear not to do, or not to have, something. Shak. To retract, recant, or abnegate a position upon oath. Shak. To banish. From the custom of abjuring tlie realm by felons who had taken sanctuary. Sadler. To ABJURE* ab-jure'. v. n. To abjure the realm. Burnet. ABJUREMENT*, ab-jure'-ment. n. s. Renuncia- tion. J. Hall. ABJURER*, ab-ju'-rur. n. s. He who abjures. To ABLA'CTATE $, ab-lak'-tate. 91. v. a. [ablatio, Lat.] To wean from the breast. ABLACTATION, ab-lak-ta'-shun. n.s. One of the methods of grafting. ABLAQUEATION, ab-la-kwe-a'-shun. 534. n.s. [ablaqueatio, Lat.] The act or practice of opening the ground about the roots of trees. Evelyn. ABLATIONS, ab-la'-shun. n. s. [ablatio, Lat.] The act of taking away. ARLATIVE, ab'-la-tfv. 158. a. That which takes away. The sixth case of the Latin nouns. A'BLE§, a'-b!. 405. a. [abal, Sax. strength.] Hav- ing strong faculties, or great strength ; power of mind. Bacon. Having power sufficient ; enabled. South. Prov. xxvii. Fit, proper. Chaucer. To ARLE, a'-bl. v. a. To enable, or uphold. B Jonson. ABLE-BO'DIED, a-bl-b6d'-dld. 99. a. Strong of body. Addison. 56 ABO ABO -n6, move, ndr, not;— tube, tab, bull; — 6u; — p3und; — thin, this. To ABLEGATE §, ab'-le-gate. v. a. [allege, Lat.] To send abroad upon some employment. L^iet. ABLEGA'TION, ab-le-ga'-sh&n. n.s. The act of sending' abroad. Diet. A'BLENESS, a'-bl-nes- n. s. Ability of body or mind, vigour, force. Sidney. Capability. Sheldon. A'BLEPSY, ab'-lep-se. 482. n.s. ['A/?A £ i// ta , Gr.] Want of sight ; blindness ; unadvisedness. Diet. ABLIGURFTION, ab-le-gu-rfsh'-un. n.s. [abliguri- tic, Lat.] Prodigal expense on meat and drink. Diet. IFoA'BLIG ATE, ab'-le-gate. v. a. [abligo, Lat.] To tie up from. Diet. To ALLOCATE $, ab'-l6-kate. v. a. [abloco, Lat.] To let out to hire. Calvin. ALLOCATION, abMi-ka-shun. n. s. A letting out to hire. To ABLU'DE, ab-lude'. v. n. [abludo, Lat.] To be unlike ; to differ. Bp. Hall. A'BLUENT, ab'-lu-ent. a. [abluens, Lat. from ab- hio.~\ That which washes clean. That which has the power of cleansing. Diet. ABLUTION, ab-lu'-sh&n. n. s. The act of cleansing, or washing clean. Bp. Taylor. The water used in washing. Pope. The rinsing of chymical prep- arations in water. The cup given, without conse- cration, to the laity in the popish churches. A'BLY*. a'-ble. ad. With ability. To ABNEGATES, ab'-ne-gate. 91. v. a. [abnego, LatJ To deny. De Lolme. ABNEGATION, ab-ne-ga'-shun. n. s. Denial, re- nunciation. Hammond. A'BNEGATOR* ab'-ne-ga-tur. n. s. One who de- nies, renounces, or opposes any thing. Sir E. San- ABNODATION, ab-ni-da'-shfin. n.s. [abnodatio, Lat.] The act of cutting away knots from trees. Diet. ABNO RMITY§, ab-nSr'-me-te. n. s. [abnormitas, i. e. enormitas, barb. Lat.] Irregularity ; deformity. Diet. ABNO'RMOUS, ab-nor'-mus. a. Irregular; missha- pen. Diet. ABO'ARD, a-b6rd / . 295. ad. [a bord, Fr.] In a ship. Spenser. Into a ship. Addison. ABO'ARD*, a-b6rd'. prep. On board; in; with. Beawn. and Fl. ABO'DANCE*, a-b6'-danse. An omen. Dr. Jackson. ABO'DE, a-bode'. n. s. [bode or bod ; Teut. a house.] Habitation; dwelling; place of residence. 2 Kings. Stay; continuance in a place. Shak. To make abode. To dwell, to reside, to inhabit. Dryden. Stop; delay. Spenser. To ABO'DE§, a-b6de'. v. a. [See Bode.] To fore- token or foreshow; to be a prognostick. SJiak. To ABO'DE*, a-b6de'. v.n. To be an omen. Decay of Christ. Piety. ABO/DEMENT, a-bode'-ment. n. s. A secret an- ticipation of something future. Shale. ABO DING*, a-bi'-dmg. n.s. Presentiment ; prog- nostication. Bp. Bull. ABOLETE*, ab-6-lete'. a. [abolitus, Lat.] Old; out of use. Diet. To ABOLISH $, a-b&l'-llsh. v. a. [aboleo, Lat.] To annul ; to make void. Applied to laws or institu- tions. Hooker. To put an end to ; to destroy. Sir John Hayward. ABO'LISHABLE, a-bdl'-lfsh-a-bl. a. That which may be abolished. Cotgrave. ABO'LISHER, a-b&lMlsh-fir. 91. n.s. He that abol- ishes. ABOLISHMENT, a-bol'-lfsh-ment. n. s. The act of abolishing. Hooker. ABOLITION, ab-o-llsh'-nn. 544. n. s. The act of abolishing. Cranmer. ABOMINABLE, a-b&m'-e-na-bl. a. [abominabilis, Lat.] Hateful, detestable; to be loathed. Milton. Unclean. Leviticus, vii. In low and ludicrous lan- guage, it is a word of loose and indeterminate cen- sure. Sliak. ABO^MINABLENESS, a-b&m'-e-na-bl-nes. 501. n. s. Hatefulness ; odiousness. Bentley. ABO'MINABLY, a-b&m'-e-na-ble. ad. Excessive ly; extremely; exceedingly; in an ill sense. Bp. Hall. To ABO'MINATE§, a-bom'-e-nate. v. a. To abhor, detest, hate utterly. Southern. ABOMINATION, a-b6m-e-na'-shon. n.s. Hatred; detestation. Swift. The object of hatred. Genesis Pollution ; defilement. Rev. xxi. Wickedness ; hateful or shameful vice. Shak. The cause of pollution. 2 Kings, xxiii. ABO'RD^*, a-b6rd'. n.s. [abord, Fr.] Address; sal- utation ; approach. Sir K. Digby. To ABO'RJD*, a-b6rd'. v. a. To approach ; to come near to. TV. of Soliman and Perseda. ABORIGINAL*, ab-6-rfdje'-e-nal. a. Primitive; pristine. Swinburne. ABORIGINES, ab-6-ridje'-e-nez. n. s. [Lat.] The earliest inhabitants of a country; those of whom no original is to be traced : as the Welsh in Britain. Selden. ABO'RSEMENT* a-bSrse'-ment. n. s. Abortion. Bp. Hall. To ABO'RT§, a-b5rt'. v.n. [aborto, Lat.] To bring forth before the time ; to miscarry. Ld. Herbert. ABO'RT*, a-bdrt v . n. s. An abortion. Burton. ABO'RTION, a-bSr'-shun. n. s. The act of bring- ing forth untimely. Sandys. The produce of an untimely birth. Arbuthnot. ABO'RTIVE. a-b5r't?v. 157. n. s. That which is born before the due time. Shale. ABO'RTIVE, a-bdr'-dv. a. That which is brought forth before the due time of birth. Sliak. Figura- tively, that which fails for want of time. SJuik. That which brings forth nothing. Milton. That which fails or miscarries, from whatever cause. South. ABO'RTDTELY, a-b6r'-uV-le. ad. Born without the due time; immaturely; untimely. Young BO'RTPTENESS, a-bcV-tlv-ne's. n. s. The state An untimely ABO' of abortion. ABORTMENT, a-bSrt'-ment. n. birth. Bacon. ABO'VE§, a-bfiv'. 165. prep, [on upa, abupe, abupan, Sax.] To a higher place; m a higher place. Dryden. More in quantity or number Exodus. In or to a superiour degree. Psalm cxiii. In a state of being superiour to ; unattaina- ble by. Swift. Beyond; more than. 2 Cor. i. Too proud for ; too high for. Pope. ABO'VE, a-b&v'. ad. Over-head ; in a higher place. Bacon. In the regions of heaven. Pope. Before. Dryden. Chief in rank or power. Deut. xxviii. ABOVE ALL, a-buv-alF. In the first place; chief- ly. Dryden. ABOVE-BOARD, a-b&v'-b6rd. In open sight; with- out artifice or trick. U Estrange. Without disguise or concealment. South. ABOVE-CITED, a-b&v'-sl-ted. Cited before. Addi- son. ABOVE-GROUND, a-bav'-grSand. Used to sig- nify alive ; not in the grave. Beaum. and Fl. ABOVE-MENTIONED, a-buv'-men-shund. See Above-cited. Addison. To ABO'UND§, a-b6und'. 545. v. n. [abundo, Lat.] To have in great plenty. Shak. To be in great plenty. Matthew. ABO'UINDING*, a-bSund'-fng. n. s. Increase. South. ABO'UT§, a-bSut'. 545. prep, [abufcan, or abucon, Sax.] Round, surrounding, encircling. Proverbs. Near to. Exodus. Concerning, with regard to, relating to. Hooker. In a state of being engaged in, or employed upon. Bp. Taylor. Appendant to the person, as clothes. Milton. Relating to the person, as a servant. Sidney. Relating to person, as an act or office. SJiak. ABO'UT^a-bdut'. ad. Circularly, in around. Shak. In circuit, in compass. Shak. Nearly. Bacon. Here and there; every way. Spenser. With to before a verb ; as, about to fly, upon the point. Waller. Round; the longest way, in opposition to the short straight way. Bacon. To bringaboul ; to bring to the point desired. Spectator. To come, about ; to come to some certain state or point. 1 57 ABS ABS P7 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me mSt ;— pjne, pin ;- Sam.i. To go about ; to prepare to do it. John, vii. ABP. for Archbishop ; which see. ABRACADABRA, ab-ra-ka-dab'-ra. A supersti- tious charm against agues. Aubrey. To ABRADE $,a-brade'. v. a. [abrado, Lat.] To rub off} to waste by degrees. Hale. To ABRAID§*, a-brade'. v. a. [abjieeban, Sax.] To rouse ; to awake. Ob. T. ABRA'SION, a-bra'-zhfin. n. s. The act of abrading or rubbing off. In medicine : the wearing away of the natural mucus of certain membranes. Quin- cy. The matter worn off by the attrition of bodies. *Bp. Berkeley. ABRE'AST, a-brest'. 545. ad. Side by side. SItaJt. ABRENUNCIATION* ab-re-nun-she-a'-sh&n. n. s. [abrenuntiatio, barb. Lat.] The act of renouncing. Mede. ABRE'PTION* ab-rep'-shun. n. s. [abripio. Lat.] The state of being carried away. HaUywell. ABRICOCK. n. s. See Apricot. To ABRIDGES, a-bridje'. v. a. [abreger, Fr.] To make shorter in words. 2 Mace. ii. To contract; to diminish. Locke. To deprive of; to cut off from. ShaJc. ABRIDGED OF, a-brldjd'^v. 359. part. Deprived of; debarred from. ABRFDGER, l-brfd'-jur. n. s. He that abridges; a shortener. Whitlock. A writer of compendiums or abridgements. Fulke. ABRIDGEMENT, a-bridje'-ment. n. s. The epit- ome of a larger work contracted into a small com- pass; acompend; a summary. Hooker. A dimi- nution in general. Donne. Contraction ; reduction Locke. Restraint from any thing pleasing. South. To ABROACH §*, a-br6tsh / . 295. v. a. [abpsecan, Sax.] To tap ; to set abroach. Cliaucer. Ob. T. ABRO'ACH, a-brotsh'. ad. In a posture to run out, properly spoken of vessels. Dryden. In a state to be diffused or extended. Sliak. To ABRO'ADS* a-brawd'. v. n. [abpeeban, Sax.] To extend; to issue; to be dispersed. Leaver. Ob. T. ABROAD, a-brawd'. 295. ad. [abpseban, Sax. verb.] Without confinement; widely ; at large. Milton. Out of the house. SJiak. In another country. Hooker. In all directions, this way and that. Dryden. With- out, not within. Hooker. To ABROGATES, ab'-ro-gate. 91. v. a. [abrogo, Lat.] To repeal, to annul. Hooker. ABROGATE* ab'-ro-gate. part. a. Annulled; abolished. K. Edw. VI. Inj. Sp. ABROGATION, ab-r6-ga>-shun. n. s. The act of abrogating; the repeal of a law. Clarendon. ABROAD §*,a-br66d'. ad. In the action of brood- ing. Abp. Bancroft. ABRO'ODING*, a-brodd'-fng. n. s. Sitting abrood. Barret. To ABRO'OK, a-bro6k'. v. a. To brook, to bear, to endure. Shak. Ob. J. ABRU'PTS, ab-rupt'. a. Broken, craggy. TJiomson. Divided, without any thing intervening. Milton. Sudden, without the customary' or proper prepara- tives. Shak. Unconnected. B. Jonson. To ABRUPT*, ab-ropt'. v. a. To disturb j to in- terrupt. Brown. ABRUPTION, ab-rup'-sh&n. n.s. Breaking off ; violent and sudden separation. Woodward. ABRUPTLY, ab-rfiptMe. ad. Hastily; without the due forms of preparation. Sidney. Ruggedly; un- evenly. Maundrell. ABRUPTNESS, ab-rfipt'-ngss. n. s. An abrupt man- ner; haste; suddenness. Cheynel. Roughness cragginess ; as of a fragment violently disjoined Woodward. A'BSCESS, ab'-s&ss. n. s. [abscessus, Lat.] A tumour filled with matter. Arbuthnot. [son. ToABSCFNDS, ab-s'ind'. v. a. To cut off. John ABSCISS*, ab'-sls, or ABSCISSA, ab-sis'-sa. n. s. [Lat.] Part of the diameter of a conick section intercepted between the vertex and a semi-ordi nate. Bp. Berkeley. ABSCFSSION, ab-slzh'-fin. n.s. [abscissio, Lat. The act of cutting off. Wiseman. The act of dis- annulling. Bp. Taylor. The state of being cut off Brown. #Cr I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in marking the 4-5 in this word; and, I think, with the best usage on my side. Though double * is almost always pro nounced sharp and hissing, yet when a sharp s precedes, it seems more agreeable to the ear to pronounce the suc- ceeding s flat. Thus, though the termination ition is always sharp, yet, because the s in transition is neces- sarily sharp, the t goes into the flat sound, as if written transizhion, which see. W. To ABSCO'ND§*, ab-sk6nd'. v. a. [abscondo, Lat.] To conceal. Hewyt. To ABSCO ND, ab-skond'. v. n. To hide one's self. Ray. ABSCONDER, ab-sk6n'-dur. n. s. He that ab- sconds. A'BSENCE, ab'-sense. n. s. The state of being absent, opposed to presence. Shak. Want of appearance, in the legal sense. Ayliffe. Inatten- tion; neglect of the present object. Addison. ABSENTS, ab'-sent. 492. a. [absens, Lat.] Not pres- ent ; used with the particle from. Pope. Absent in mind ; inattentive. Addison. To ABSE'NT, ab-sent'. v. a. To forbear to come into presence. Shak. ABSENTA'NEOUS, ab-sen-ta/-ne-as. a. Relating to absence ; absent. Diet. ABSENTED, ab-sen-te'. n. s. He that, is absent from his station. Sir John Davies. ABSE'NTER* ab-s&V-tur. n.s. He that is absent from his duty. Ld. Ch. Thvrlow. ABSE'NTMENT*, ab-seut'-ment. n. s. The state of being absent. Barrow. ABSFNTHIAN*, ab-sfn'-the-an. a. [from absinthi- um] Of the nature of wormwood. Randolph. ABSFNTHlATED^b-sm'-^e-a-ted. part. Impreg- nated with wormwood. Diet. ABSFNTHIUM*, ab-sin'-i/ie-fim. n. s. Wormwood. To ABSFST, ab-sist'. v. n. [absisto, Lat.] To stand off, to leave off. Diet. ABSO'LVATORY* ab-s&l'-va-tur-re, a. Relative to pardon; forgiving. Cotgrave. To ABSO'LVE $, ab-zolv'. 448. v. a. [absolvo, Lat.] To clear; to acquit. Shaks. To set free from an engagement. Waller. To pronounce sin re mitted. Pope. To finish ; to complete. Millon. ABSO'LVER*, ab-z&l'-v&r. n. s. Fie who pronoun ces sin remitted. More. ABSOLUTE §, ab'-si-lute. 448. [See Domestick.} a. [absolutus, Lat.l Complete ; applied as well to per- sons as things. Hooker. Unconditional ; as an ab- solute promise. South. Not relative; as, absolute space. Stillingfleet. Not limited; as, absolute power Dryden. Positive, certain ; without any hesitation Shak. ABSOLUTELY, ab'-s6-lute-le. ad. Completely; without restriction. Sidney. Without relation; in a state unconnected. Hooker. Without limits or dependance. Dryden. Without condition. Hook er. Peremptorily; positively. Milton. ABSOLUTENESS, ab'-so-l&e-ngs. n. s. Com- pleteness or perfection. Bp. Rust. Freedom from dependance, or limits. Clarendon. Despotism. Ba con. ABSOLUTION, ab-s6-hV-shnn. n.s. Acquittal. Ay life. The remission of sins. South. Delivery pronunciation. B. Jonson. ABSOLUTORY, ab-sol'-u-tur-re. a. That which absolves. Ayliffe. &3= In the first edition of this [Walker's] Dictionary, I followed the accentuation of Johnson and Ash in this word, and placed the stress upon the first syllable, con- trary to what I had done some years before in the Rhyming Dictionary, where I had placed the accent on the second, and which was the accentuation adopted by Mr. Sheridan. Upon a nearer inspection of tho analogies of the language, I find this the preferable mode of marking it, as words in this termination, though very irregular, generally follow the stress of the corresponding noun or verb; and consequently this word ought to have the same accent as absolve, whicfc 58 ABS ABU — n6, mdve, n6r, not ; tiibe, tub, bull ; — 651 ; — pound ; — thin, this. is the more immediate relation of the word in question, and not the accent of absolute, which is the most dis- tant. S12. Kenrick, TV. Johnston, Enticlc, and JVares, have not inserted this word ; and Mr. Perry very im- properly accents it upon the third syllable. TV. ABSONANT $, ab'-s6-nant. 544. a. [See Abso- nous.] Contrary to reason 5 wide from the pur- pose. Quarles. ABSONOUS^b'-si-nus. a. [absonus, Lat.] Ab- surd ; contrary to reason. Glmvcille. Unmusical, or untunable. Fotherby. To ABSORBS, ab-sorb'.r. a. To swallow up. Bur- net. To suck up. Bacon. ABSORBENT, ab-sdr'-bent. n. s. A medicine that dries up superfluous moisture, or raises an effer- vescence with acids. Quincy. ABSORBENT*, ab-s6r'-bent. a. That which ab- sorbs. ABSORBITION* ab-sor-b?sh'-un. n. s. Absorp- tion. Sii- T. Brown. ABSORPT, ab-s6rpt'. part. Swallowed up. Pope. ABSORPTION, ab-sdrp'-shfin. n. s. The act of swallowing 1 up. Burnet. The state of being swal- lowed up. Warburton. To ABSTATNS, ab-stane'. v. n. [abstineo, Lat.] To keep from ; to hinder ; to forbear. Milton. ABSTE'MIOUS §, ab-ste'-me-us. a. \abstemius, Lat.] Temperate 5 sober 5 abstinent. Arbuthrtot. ABSTE'MIOUSLY, ab-ste'-me-us-le. ad. Tempe- rately; soberly. Whiston. ABSTEMIOUSNESS, ab-ste'-me-fis-ness. 534. n. s The quality of being abstemious. Sir T. Herbert ABSTENTION, ab-sten'-sh&n je'. v. a. [abstergo, Lat.] n.s. [abstinentia Lat.] Forbear- n. s. The act of re straining. Bp. Taylor. To ABSTERGES, ab- To wipe. ABSTERGENT, ab-ster'-jent. a. Having a cleans- ing quality. To ABSTERSE, ab-steW. v. a. To cleanse ; to purify. Brown. ABSTERSION, ab-ster'-shun. n. s. The act of cleansing. Bacon. ABSTERSIVE*ab-steV-s1v. n. s. A cleanser. Sir W. Petty. ABSTERSIVE, ab-steV-s?v. 428. a. Having the quality of cleansing. Bacon. ABSTINENCE, ab^-ste-nense. ABSTINENCY, ab'-ste-nen-se ance of any thing ; with the particle from. Locke. Fasting, or forbearance of necessary food. Sfiak. ABSTINENT, ab'-ste-nent. a. That uses absti- nence. Hales. ABSTINENTLY*, ab'-ste-nent-le. ad. Temperate- ly. Donne. ABSTORTED, ab-stort'-gd. a. [abstoHus, Lat.] Forced away ; wrung from another by violence. Diet. To ABSTRACT §, ab-strakt'. v. a. [abstraho, Lat.] To take one thing from another. Decay of Piety. To separate by distillation. Boyle. To separate ideas. Locke. To reduce to an epitome. Watts. ABSTRACT, ab'-strakt. a. Separated from some- thing else, generally used with relation to men- tal perceptions ; as, aostract mathematicks, ab- stract terms. Wilkins. With the particle from. Locke. Refined; pure. Donne. ABSTRACT, ab'-strakt. 492. n. s. A smaller quan- tity, containing- the virtue or power of a greater. Sliak. An epitome. Watts. The state of being abstracted, or disjoined. Wotton. ABSTRACTED, ab-strak'-teU part. a. Separat- ed ; disjoined. Milton. Refined ; purified. Donne. Abstruse; difficult. Absent of mind; as, an ab- stracted scholar. Warton. ABSTRACTEDLY, ab-strak'-tSd-le. ad. With ab- straction ; simply. Dryden. ABSTRACTEDNESS*, ab-strak'-ted-nes. n. s. The state of being abstracted. Baxter. ABSTRACTER*, ab-strak'-tur. n. s. He who makes an abstract, epitome, or note. Mannyngham. ABSTRACTION, ab-strak'-shun. n. s. The act of abstracting. Watts. The state of being abstracted. Burton. Absence of mind ; inattention. Dlsre- gard of worldlv objects. Warton. STRACTIVE, ab-strak'-tlv. a. Having the power of abstracting. ABSTRACTIVELY*, ab-strak'-uV-le. ad. In an abstractive manner. ABSTRACTLY, ab-strakt'-le. ad. In an abstract manner ; absolutely ; without reference to any thing else. Drwnmond. ABSTRACTNESS, ab-strakt'-nes. n.s. Subtilty; separation from all matter or common notion. Locke. ABSTRICTED, ab-strlk'-tgd, part. a. \abstrietus, Lat.] Unbound. Diet. To ABSTRFNGES, ab-strlnje'. v. a. To unbind. Diet. To ABSTRU'DE §, abs-tro5d'. v. a. [abstrudo, Lat.] To thrust or pull away. Diet. ABSTRUSE?, ab-struse'. 427. a. Hidden, remote from view. Milton. Difficult; remote from concep- tion or apprehension. Milton. ABSTRU'SELY, ab-struse'-le. ad. Obscurely ; not plainly, or obviously. ABSTRU'SENESS, ab-struse'-ness. n. s. Diffi- culty ; obscurity. Boyle. ABSTRUSITY, ab-str^-se-te.511. n. s. Abstruse- ness ; that which is abstruse. Brown. To ABSU'ME §, ab-sume'. v. a. [absiemo, Lat.] To bring to an end by a gradual waste ; to eat up. Hale. Uncommon. ABSURD^, ab-surd ; . a. [absurdus, Lat.] Unreason- able; without judgement; as used of men. Bacon. Inconsistent; contrary to reason: used of senti- ments or practices. South. ABSURDITY, ab-siV-de-te. 511. n.s. The quality of being absurd. Locke. That which is absurd . : in which case it has a plural. Addison. ABSURDLY, ab-surdMe. ad. Improperly; un- reasonably. Swift. ABSURDNESS, ab-surd'-nes. n. s. The qual- ity of being absurd; injudiciousness; impropriety. Dr. Cave. ABU'NDANCE §,a-ban'-danse. n. s. [abonaance, Jr.] Plenty; a sense chiefly poetical. Crashaw. Great numbers. Addison. A great quantity. Raleigh. Exuberance ; more than enough. S})enser. ABU'NDANTja-bun'-dant.a. [abundans, Lat.] Plen- tiful. Milton. Exuberant. Arbuthnot. Fully stor- ed. Burnet. Exod. xxxiv. 6. ABUNDANTLY, a-bun'-dant-le. ad. In plenty. Genesis, i. Amply; liberally; more than suffi- ciently. Sprat. ABU'SAGE*, a-bu'-zldje. n. s. Abuse. Whateley. Ob. T. To ABU'SE$, a-buze'. 437. v. a. [abutor, almsus, Lat.] To make an ill use of. 1 Cor. vii. To vio- late ; to defile. Spenser. To deceive ; to impose upon. Shak. To treat with rudeness ; to reproach. Sliakspeare. ABU'SE, a-buse'. 437. n.s. The ill use of anything. Hooker. A corrupt practice; bad custom. Swift. Seducement. Sidney. Unjust censure; rude re- proach; contumely. Milton. ABU'SER, a-bu'-zur.n.s. He that makes an ill use. Milton. He that deceives. DenJuim. He that re- proaches with rudeness. Dr. Brown. A ravisher; a violator. Spenser. ABU'SEFUL*, a-buse'-ful. a. Abusive. Bp. Bar low. ABU'SION^a-bi'-zhfin. n.s. [abusion, old French,] Corrupt or improper usage. Acts of Pari, xxxiii. 23 Hen. 8. Reproach. Spenser. Ob. T. ABU'SIVE, a-bu'-siv. 428. a. Practising abuse. Mil- ton. Containing abuse; as, an abusive lampoon. Roscommon. Deceitful. Bacon. ABUSIVELY, a-bu'-siv-le. ad. Improperly; by a wrons: us e. Boyle. Reproachfully. ABU'SlVENESS, a-bu'-slv-nes. n. s. The quality of being abusive. Milton. To ABU'T §, a-biV. v. n. [abaidir, Fr.] To end at ; to border upon ; to meet, or approach to 3 with the particle upon. Shakspeare. 59 ACA ACA [tT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— ABIPTMENT, a-but'-ment. n. s. That which abuts or borders upon another. Bryant. ABU'TTAL, a-but'-tal. n. s. The butting or boun- daries of any land. Spelman. To ABY*, a-bl'. v. a. To endure. Spenser. To pay dearly ; to suffer for it. Spenser To ABY*, a-bl'. v. n. To remain, [abiban, Sax.] Spenser. To pay 5 as the active verb is used. Spenser. ABY'SM, a-bfzm'. n. s. [abysme, old Fr. now written abimeJ A gulf; the same with alnjss. Shakspeare. ABYSS, a-bTss'. n.s. [abyssus, Lat.] A depth with- out bottom. Milton. A great depth 3 a gulf: hy- perbolically. Dryden. That in which any thing is lost. Dryden, Juv. The body of waters supposed at the centre of the earth. Burnet. In the lan- guage of divines, hell. Roscommon. AC, AK, or AKE, being initials in the names of places, as Acton, signify an oak, from the Sax- on ac, an oak. Gibson. ACACIA, a-ka'-she-a. 505. n. s. [Lat.] A drug brought from Egypt. A tree commonly so called here, though different from that which produces the true acacia. Millar. ACADE'ME §*, ak-a-deem'. n. s. [academia, Lat.] A society of persons. Shak. The Academy ; a school ofphilosophy. Peacliam. ACADE'MIAL, ak-a-de'-me-al. a. Relating to an academy. ACADE'MIAN, ak-a-de^-me-an. n. s. A scholar of an academy or university. Life of A. Wood. ACADE'MICAL, ak-a-dem'-me-kal. a. Belonging to a university. Wbtton. Relating to the philoso- phy of the academy. Smith. ACADEMICALLY* ak-a-dem'-me-kal-le. ad. In an academical manner. Cabalistical Dialogue. ACADEMICIAN, ak-ka-de-mlsh'-an. n. s. The member of an academy. Swinburne. ACADE'MICK^ak-a-dem'-lk. 508. n.s. A student of a university. Watts. An academick philosopher, Milton. ACADE'MICK, ak-ka-dem'-fk. a. Relating to a university. Pope. Applicable to a particular phi losophy. Harris. ACA'DEMISM*, a-kad'-de-nuzm. n. s. The doc trine of the academical philosophy. Baxter. ACATJEMIST, a-kad'-de-mlst, or ak'-a-dem-ist. n.s The member of an academy. Ray. An academi- cal philosopher. Baxter. ACA'DEMY^.a-kad'-de-me, or ak'4-dejn-e. n.s. An assembly or society of men, uniting for the promo- tion of some art. Milton. The places where sci- ences are taught. Dryden. A university. Burton. A place of education, in contradistinction to the universities or publick schools. Bin-ton. The acade- my ; the school of philosophy. South. $5= Dr. Johnson tells us, that this word was anciently and properly accented on the first syllable, though now frequently on the second. That it was accented on the first syllable till within these few years, is pret- ty generally remembered ; and if Shakspeare did not, by poetical license, violate the accentuation of his time, it was certainly pronounced so two centuries ago, as appears by Dr. Johnson's quotation of him : " Our court shall be a little academy, "Still and contemplative in living arts." Love's Labour Lost. And in Ben Jonson's New Inn we find the same accen- tuation : " Every house became " An academy of honour, and those part9 " We see departed." But the accentuation of this word formerly, on the first syllable, is so generally acknowledged, as not to stand in need of poetick authority. The question is, whether this accentuation, or that which places the stress on the second syllable, is the most proper? To wave, therefore, the authority of custom, which precludes all reasoning on language, and reduces the dispute to a mere matter cf fact, it may be presumed that whatever i; j agreeable to the most general usage of the language in si - 1 inilar words, is the most proper in this ; and if it appears j that general usage, in similar words, is in favour of the | old pronunciation, it must certainly, for that reason, 'bt allowed to be the best. And first it may be observed, that as our language is almost as averse to the accent on the last syllable, as the Latin, it is a general cus- tom with us, when we adopt a word from the Latin, and abridge it of one or two of its syllables, to remove the accent at least a syllable higher than it was in the original language, that the accent, when the word is naturalized, may not rest on the last. Thus of Home rus, we make Homer ; of Virgilius, Virgil ,• and of Horatius, Horace : Hyactnthus, altered to Hy'acinth, removes the accent two syllables higher j and c puberty. Brown. ADO'ORS* a-d6rz'. ad. At doors ; at the door. Beaum. and Fl. Gataker. To ADO'PT§, a-d6pt'. v. a. [adopto, Lat.] To make him a son, who was not so by birth. Beaum. and Fl. To place any person or thing in a nearer relation. Dryden. ADO'PTEDLY,a-dop'-ted-le. ad. After the manner of something adopted. Shak. ADO'PTER, a-dop'-tfir. 98. n.s. He that makes the adoption. Huloet. ADO'PTION, a-dop'-shun. 459. n.s. The act of adopting. Lord Chesterfield. The state of being adopted. Shakspeare. ADO'PTPTE, a-d6p'-tiv. 157. a. He that is adopt ed by another. Bacon. He that adopts another. Ayliffe. He who is not native. Bacon. ADORABLE, a-do'-ra-bl. 405. a. That which is worthy of divine honours. Clieyne. ADO'RABLENESS, a-d^-ra-bl-nes. n. s. Wort hi ness of divine honours; quality of being adorable. ADO'RABLY, a-d&'-ra-ble. ad. In a manner wor thy of adoration. ADORATION, ad-do-ra'-shun. n. s. The external homage paid to the Divinity. Hooker. Homage paid to persons in high place or esteem. Shak. To ADO[RE§, a-d6re 7 . v. a. \adoro, Lat.] To wor- ship with external homage. Dryden. To reve- rence; to honour; to love. Toiler. ADO'REMENT, a-d6re'-ment. n. s. Adoration. Brown. ADO'RER, a-d6'-rur. 98. n. s. He that adores ; a worshipper. Shakspeare. To ADO/RNS, a-ddrn'. 167. v. a. [adoi-no, Lat.] To dress with ornaments. Isaiah. To set out with decorations. Coioley. To embellish with oratory or elegance of language. Sprat. AD0 7 RN*, a-dfirn'. n. s. Ornament. Spenser. ADO'RN, a-dorn'. a. Adorned. Milton. ADORNING*, a-ddrn'-fng. n. s. Ornament. More 1 Peter. ADO'RNMENT, a-dSm'-ment. n. s. Ornament; em bellishment; elegance. Raleigh. ADO'WN, a-do&n'. 323. ad. [abune, Sax.] Down ; oh the ground. Spenser. Anciently used for beloio. Chaucer. ADO' WN, a-dSun'. prep. Down ; towards the ground, Dryden. Throughout. ADRE'AD, a-dred 7 . 234. ad. [abnaeb, Sax.J In a state of fear. Sidney. Ob. J. ADRFFT, a-drlft'. ad. [abjiipan, Sax.] Floating at random. Milton. ADROIT, a-drolt'. 305. a. [French.] Dextrous active ; skilful. Jervas. [Chester -field. ADROITLY*, a-drditMe. ad. Dextrously. Lva 68 ADV ADV — no, move, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 611 5 — pdfmd ;— tlrin, tui A DROl'TNESS, a-dr6H '-nes. n.s Dexterity. Home. ADRY', a-drl'. ad. [abpi^an, Sax.] Athirst. Burton. ADSCITI'TIOUS, ad-se-~dsh'-Rs. 314. a. [adsciti- tiiis, Lat.] Supplemental ; additional. Clarke. ADSTRI'CTION, ad-strik'-shRn. n.s. [adstrictio, Lat.] The act of binding together. To ADVANCE §, ad-vause'. IS. v. a. [avancer, Fr.] To bring forward. Milton. To raise to preferment. Bacon. To improve. Tillotson. To heighten : to grace. South. To forward. Bacon To propose ; to offer to the publick. Spenser. To pay beibre- hand. To lift up. Barret. To ADVANCE, ad-vdnse'. v. n. To come forward. Parnel. To make improvement. Locke. ADVA'NCE, ad-vanse'. 79. n.s. The act of coming- forward. Clarendon. A tendency to meet a lover. Walsh. Gradual progression. Aiterbury. Im- Crovement. Hale. Advance-money ; money given efore-hand. Junius to the King. ADVANCEMENT, ad-vanse'-ment. n. s. The act of coming forward. Swift. Preferment. Sliak. The act of advancing another. ShaJc. Improvement 5 promotion. Brown. Settlement on a wife. Bacon. ADVANCER, dd-van'-sRr. 98. n.s. He that ad- vances. Bacon. ADVANTAGE $, ad-van'-tadje. 90. n. s. [avantage, Fr.J Superiority. Sprat. Superiority .by unlawful means. Spenser. Opportunity; convenience. Shak. Favourable circumstances. Waller. Superiour ex- cellence. Glanville. Gain; profit. Job. Some- thing more than the mere lawful gain. Sliak. Pre- pouderation by comparison. Tillotson. To ADVANTAGE, ad-van'-tadje. v.a. To bene- fit. Sliakspeare. To promote. Brown. ADV ANT AGE ABLE, ad-van'-ladje-a-bl. a. Profit- able. Sir J. Hay ward. ADVANTAGED, ad-van'-ta-jed. 362. a. Possessed of advantages. Glanville. ADVANTAGE-GROUND, ad-van'-ladje-gr6und. n. s. Ground that gives superiority. Clarendon. ADVANTAGEOUS, ad-van-ta'-jus a. [avanta- geux, Fr.] Profitable ; useful. Hammond. ADVANTA'GEOUSLY,ad-van-ta'-jRs-le. ad. Con- veniently; profitably. Arbuthuot. ADVANTA'GEOUSNESS, ad-van-ta'-jfis-n&>. n.s. Profitableness; usefulness. Boyle. To ADVENE $, ud-vene'. v. n. [advenio, Lat.] To accede to something; to be superadded. Aylxffe. ADVENIENT, ad-ve'-ne-ent. a. Superadded. Brown. A'DVENT, ad'-vent. n.s. [adventus, Lat.] One of the holy seasons, signifying the coming of our Sa- viour ; made the subject of devotion during the four weeks before Christmas. Common Praijer. ADVE'NTINE, ad-ven'-Un. 140. a. \advenio, adven- tum, Lat.] Adventitious. Bacon. ADVENTITIOUS, ad-ven-tlsh'-Rs. a. Accidental; supervenient; not essentially inherent. Bacon. ADVENTl'TIOUSLY*, ad-ven-tish'-Qs-le. ad. Ac- cidentally. ADVENTIVE, ad-ven'-tiv. 157. n. s. The thing or person that comes from without. Bacon. Ob, J. ADVENTIVE*,ad-ven'-tiv. 157 a. Adventitious. Bacon. [Jonson. ADVENTRY*, ad-ven'-tre. n.s. An enterprise. B. ADVENTUAL, ad-ven'-tshu-al. 461. a. Relating to the season of advent. Bp. Sanderson. ADVENTURES, ad-ven'-tshure. 461. it. s. [Fr.] An accident; a chance; a hazard. Hay ward. The occasion of casual events; an enterprise in which something must be left to hazard. Dryden. To ADVENTURE, ad-ven'-tshure. v. n. To try the chance; to dare. Sho.kspeare. 7\> ADVENTURE, ad-ven'-tshure. v. a. To put into the power of chance. Judges, ix. A D VENTURER, ad-ven'-tshur-ur. 98. n. s. He that seeks occasions of hazard. Spenser. ADVENTURESOME, ad-ven'-tshur-sRm. a. The same with a/lventurous. Scarcely used in writing. ADVENTURESOMENESS, ad-ven'-tshur-sRm- nes. 461. n. s. The quality of being adventure- some. Diet. ADVENTUROUS, ad-ven'-tshur-fis. a. He that is inclined to adventures; bold. Dryden. Danger ous. Addison. ADVENTUROUSLY, ad-ven'-tshur-Rs-le. «« Boldly; daringly. Shaks-peare. ADVENTUROUSNESS*, ad-ven'-tshur-Rs-nes n. s. The act of bping adventurous. A'DVERB§,ad'-verb. n.s. [adverbiu7n,La\.] A word joined to a verb or adjective, and solely applied to the use of qualifying and restraining the latitude ol their signification. Clarke. ADVE'RBIAL, ad-ver'-be-al. a. Having the quai ny or structure of an adverb. Han~u. Making use of adverbs. Tatler. ADVE'RBIALLY, ad-ver'-be-al-le. ad. Like an adverb. Addison. ADVE'RSABLE, ad-veV-sa-bl. 405. a. Contrary to; opposite to. Diet. AD VERSA' RIA, ad-ver-sa'-re-a. n. s. [Lat.] A common-place ; a book to note in. Bp. Bum A'DVERSARY, ad'-ver-sa-re. 512. n. s. [adversa rivs, Lat.] An opponent ; enemy. Sliakspeare. A'DVERSARY*, ad'-ver-sa-re. a. Opposite to; ad verse ; hostile. Bp. King. ADVERSATIVE, ad-v er'-sa-tiv. 512. a. In gram- mar, applied to a word which makes some opposi tion or variety. Worihington. ADVE'RSE §, ad'-verse. a. \adversus, Lat.] Acting with contrary directions. Shak. Calamitous; af fliclive. Milton. Personally opponent. Sidim/. To ADVE'RSE*, ad-verse', v.a. To oppose. Gcwer ADVE'RSENESS*, ad-verse'-nes, n. s. Opposition. Bp. Morton. ADVE'RSITY, ad-ver'-se-te. 511. n.s. Affliction; calamitv. Shakspeare. Misery. Hooker. A'DVERSELY, ad'-verse-le. ad. Oppositely ; un- fortunately. Shakspeare. To ADVE'RT$, ad-vert', v.n. [adverto, Lat.] To attend to ; to regard. Ray. To ADVERT*, ad-vert', v. a. To regard ; to ad vise. More. ADVE'RTENCE, ad-ver'-tense. \n.s. Attention to ADVE'RTENCY, ad-veV-ten-se. 5 Decay of Piety ADVE'RTENT, ad-ver'-tent. a. Attentive ; heed ful. Hale. ToADVERTI'SEMd-ver-tize'. v.a. [adverlir, Fr.] To inform ; to give intelligence. Shak. To give notice by means of an advertisement in the publick jorints. Dryden. In- ADVERTI'SEMENT, ad-ver'-tlz-ment. \ ADVERTISEMENT, ad-ver-tlze'-ment.S struction; admonition. Shak. Intelligence; infor- mation. Sir John Dai-ies. Notice of any thing published in a paper; legal notification. Const and Canon EccC. 0^" As nouns ending in merit always follow the accentua tion of the verbs from which they are formed, we fre- quently hear advertisement taxed with the grossest ir- regularity for having the accent on a different syllable from advertise. — The origin of this irregularity seems to have arisen from a change which has taken place in the pronunciation of the verb since the noun has been formed; advertise and chastise were, in Shakspeare's time, both accented on the penultimate, and therefore advertisement and chastisement were formed regularly from them. " Wherein he did the King his lord advertise." Hen. VIIL " My grief cries louder than advertisement." Much Jldo, tec. " Oh, then how quickly should this arm of mine " Now pris'ner to the palsy, chastise thee." Richard II. " And chastisement doth therefore hide its head." Jul. Cmsar- But since that time, the verbs advertise and chastise have fallen into an analogy more agreeable to verbs of the same form ; for the verbs to promise, pract /'se, franchise, mortise, and divertise, are the only words where the ter- mination ise has not the accent either primary or se- condary ; and if an alteration must bo made to reconcile the pronunciation of the simple with that of the com- pound, we should find it much easier to change adver tisement and chastisement into advertisement and cto- ADU AE ICT 559.- -Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, me*! ;- -pine , pin J-r- tlsemcTit, than advertise and cAastlse into advirtise and chastise ; but the irregularity seems too inveterate to admit of any alteration. W. ADVERTISER, ad-vcr-tl'-z&r. 98. n.s. He that gives intelligence. Toiler. A paper publishing ad- vertisements. Burke. ADVERTISING, or ADVERTISING, ad-vSr-ti'- z?ng. part. a. Active in getting intelligence. Shak- speare. Oh. J To ADVESPERATE, ad-ves'-pe-rate. 91. v. n. [advespero, Lat.] To draw towards evening. Diet. ADVI'CE, ad-vlse'. 499. 7i.s. [avis, advis, Fr.] Coun- sel ; instruction. Sliak. Reflection ; prudent con- sideration. Shak. Consultation ; deliberation. Ba- con. Intelligence : this sense is chiefly commer- cial. ADV1 CE-BOAT, ad-vlse'-b6te. n. s. A vessel em- ' oyed to bring intelligence. 2V, Gr.] The description of the air. AERO'LOGY, a-ur-&l'-l6-je. 556. n. s. [di,p and Adyof. Gr.] The doctrine of the air. AEROMA'NCY, a'-ur-O-man-se. 519. n. s. [dfip and fiavrda, Gr.] The art of divining by the air. Cotgrare. AEROMETER*, a-ur-&m'-me-tur. n. s. A ma- chine for weighing the air. AERO'METRY, £-ur-6m'-me-tre. 518. n. s. The art of measuring the air. Vict. AERONA'UT* a'-ur-o-nawt. n. s. [dhp and vav-\ ttjs, Gr.] He who has sailed through the air in a; balloon. Burke. AERO'SCOPY, a-&r-os'-k6-pe. 518. n. s. [a?,? and! oKiirTu. Gr.] The observation of the air. Diet. AEROSTATION*, a-ur-6s-ta'-shfin. n. s. [de-\ rostation, Fr. dhp and IcTafiai, or aramcr], Gr.] The | science of weighing air. Adams. jE'THIOPS-MINERAL, e'-*/ie-ups-m?n'-ur-ral. n. s. \ Quicksilver and sulphur, ground together to a black powder. Quincy. iETPTES, e-tl'-tez. n. s. [aeros, an eagle.] Eagle- stone. Quincy. AFA'R, a-far 7 . ad. [apeonp.ian, apep.p.an, Sax.] At a great distance. Shak. To or from a great; distance. Dryden. From afar ; from a distant ! place. Addison. Afar off ; remotely distant. Sir\ John H yward. AFE'ARD, a-ferd'. part. a. Frighted ; terrified;; afraid. Spenser. Ob. J. [Milton. A'FER, ft'-fur. [Lat.] The southwest wind. AFFABI'LITY, af-fa-bil'-le-te. n. s. The quality of being affable. Sliakspeare. A'FFABLE$, af-fa-bl, 405. a. [affabilis, Lat] Easy of manners; courteous. Bacon. Benign; mild"; favourable. 'Patter. A'FFABLENESS, af'-fa-bl-nes. n. s. Courtesy; affability. A'FFABLY, af-fa-ble. ad. In an affable manner. Beaumont and Fletcher. A'FFABROUS, af'-fa-brus. a. [affabre, Fr.] Skil- fullv made. Diet. AFFABULA'TION, af-fab-u-lft'-shfin. n. s. [affabu- latio, Lat.] The moral of a fable. Diet. AFFA'IR, af-fare'. n. s. [affaire, Fr.] Business; something to be transacted. Pope. In military language, a partial engagement. To AFFA'M1SH$*, af-fam'-ish. v. a. [affamer, Fr.] To starve. Spenser. AFFA'MISHMENT*, af-fam'-lsh-ment. n. s. Starv- ing. Bp. Hall. To AFFE'AR*, af-fere'. 227. v. a. [apaejtan, Sax. terrere.] To frighten. Spenser. To AFFE'AR, or rather to AFFE'ER, af-fere'. v.n. [affier, Fr.] To confirm; to give a sanction to. bliakspeai-e. Ax eld term of law. AFFE'CT, af-fekt'. n. s. Affection ; passion ; sensa tion. Bacon. Quality; circumstance. Wiseman, The antiqualea word for affection. To AFFE'CT $, at-fekt'. v. a. [off Ho, affectum, Lat.] To act upon ; to produce effects in any other thing. Milton. To move the passions. Addison. To aim at. Dryden. To tend to. Newton. To be fond of. Hooker. To make a show of something. Prior To imitate in an unnatural manner. B. Joiison To convict of some crime. Aytiffe. AFFE'CTATED*, af-lek'-ta-tcd. a. Far-fetched Barret. Old word for affected. AFFECTATION, af-feVta'-shun. n. s. Fondness; high degree of liking. Hooker. An artificial show. Spectator. Affection or liking simply. Bp. Hall. The act of desiring or aiming at. Pearson. AFFE'CTED, af-fek'-ted. part. a. Moved ; touch- ed with affection. Sliak. Studied with over-much care. Sliakspeare. Full of affectation. AFFE'CTED LY, af-fek'-ted- le. ad. In an affected manner ; hypocritically. Brown. Studiously ; with laboured intention. Decay of Piety. AFFE'CTEDNESS, af-fek'-ted-nes. /*. s. The quality of being affected. AFFE'CTER*. n. s. See Affector. AFFE'CTINGLY*, af-fek'-t?ng-le. ad. In an af fecting manner. AFFE'CTION§, af-fek'-shun. n.s. The state of be- ing affected ; used in the sense of sympathy. Shak. Passion of any kind. Spenser. Love; kindness. Shak. Good-will to any object. Bacon. State of the mind in general. Sliak. Quality; proper- ty. Boyle. State of the body. Wiseman. Lively representation in painting. Ivotton. Sliakspeare. AFFE'CTIONATE, af-fek'-shfin-ate. a. Warm ; zealous. Sprat. Strongly inclined to. Bacon. Fond ; tender. Sidney. Benevolent; tender Rogers. AFFE'CTIONATELY, af-fek'-shun-ate-le. 91. ad In an affectionate manner. 1 Thes. ii. AFFE CTIONATENESS, af-fek'-shun-ftte-nes. 71. s. Fondness ; tenderness. AFFE'CTIONED, af-fek'-sh&nd. 359. a. Affected ; conceited ; now obsolete in this sense. Sluik. In- clined; mentally disposed. Kom.xu. AFFE'CTIOUSLY, af-fek'-shus-le. ad. In an af- fecting manner. Diet. AFFE'CTIVE, af-fek'-dv. a. That which affects. Burnet. AFFE'CTP7ELY*, af-f ek'-tlv-le. ad. In an impres- sive manner. AFFE'CTOR* or AFFE'CTER*, af-fek'-t&r. n. s. One that is guiltv of affectation. Cotgrave. AFFECTU'OSlf Y, af-f^k-tshu-6s'-sl-te.n.s. [affec- tuositas, low Lat.] Passionateness. AFFE'CTUOUS, af-fek'-tshu-us. 464. a. Full of passion. lAand. To AFFE'RE, af-fere'. ». a. [affier, Fr.] In law, to confirm. Huleet. See To Affear. AFFE'RORS, af-fe'-rurz. n. s. [from affere.] Per- sons appointed to mulct such as have committed faults arbitrarily punishable. Cowel. AFFE'TUOSO*, af-f et'-o6-6 -so. a. [Ital.] In musick, what is to be sung or played tenderly. AFFI'ANCE §, af-f i'-anse. n. s. [affiance, Fr.] A marriage-contract. Spenser. Trust in general. Sliakspeare. Trust in the divine promises. Ham mond. To AFFI'ANCE, af-fl'-anse. v.a. To betroth. ser. To give confidence. Pope. AFFI'ANCER, af-fl'-an-sftr. n. s. He that makes a contract of marriage. Diet. AFFIDA'TION, af-fe-da'-shfin. In. s. [affdo, AFFIDA'TURE, af-fe-dft'-tshure. 5 La*.] Mutual contract. Diet. AFFIDA'VIT, af-fe-da'-v?t. n. s. [affidavit, low Lat.] A declaration upon oath. Donne. AFFI'ED,af-fl'-ed. 362. part.a. Joined by contract: affianced. Sliakspeare. To AFFl'LE*, af-file'. v. a. [affUer, Fr.] To polish. Clumcer. AFFILIATION, af-fH-le-ft'-shan. n.s. [ad nnAflim AFF AFO O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, lat; — me, met; — pine, p?n; — Lai.] Adoption; the act of taking a son. Cot- grave. ATTlNAGE ; aP-fe-naje. 90. n.s. [aff?uxge,Fr.] Re- fining metals bv the coppel. Diet. AFFILED, af-fl'-nfd. 362: a. [affnis, Lat.] Joined by affinity. Shakspeare. AFFl'Nn% af-fin'-ne-te. 511. n.s. Relation by marriage : opposed to consanguinity, or relation by birth. Sidney. Relation to; connexion with. Camd. 7'oAFFl RM$, af lerm'. 108. r. n. [affmw, Lat.] To declare. Shakspeare. To AFFl'RM, af-ferm'. v. a. To declare positively. Acts, xxv. To rati i'v or approve. Bacon. AFFFRMABLE, af-ieV-ma-bl. a. What maybe af- firmed. Hale. AFF1RMABLY*, af-feV-ma-ble. ad. In a way ca- pable of affirmation. AFFIRMANCE, af'-feV-manse. n. s. Confirmation. Bacon. Declaration. Selden. AFFIRMANT, af'-fer'-mant. n. s. A declarer. Bid. AFFIRMATION, af-fer-ma'-shun. n.s. The act of affirming or declaring. Sliak. The position af- firmed. Hammond. Confirmation. Hooker. AFFIRMATIVE, af-feV-ma-tiV. 158. a. That which affirms. Hooker. That which can or may be af- firmed. Newton. Positive; dogmatical. Taylor. AFFIRMATIVE*, af-fer'-ma-uv. n. s. What con- tains an affirmation. Stilliwrfleei. AFFIRMATIVELY, af-fer'-ma-tfv-le. ad. In an affirmative manner. Brown. AFFI'RMER, af-fV-mur. 98. n.s. The person that affirms. Bp. Bramhall. To AFFI'X §, af-ilks'. v. a. [affigo, ajixum, Lat.] To unite to the end. Locke. To connect conse- quentially. Hammond. Simply, to fasten or fix. Spenser. AFFFX, aP-flks. 492. n.s. Something united to the end of a word. Clarke. A term of grammar. AFFI'XION, af-flk'-shun. ji.s. The act of affixing. The state of being affixed. Bp. Hall. AFFLA'TlON.af-fta'-shfin. n.s. [afflo,afflalum, Lat.] The act of breathing upon any th:ng. Diet. AFFLA'TUS,i.i-iik r -tus. n.s. [Lat.] Communi- cation of the power of prophecy. Whitby. To AFFLI'CT§, af-fllkP. v a. [afflicto, Lat.] To put to pain; to grieve. Hooker. To break; to over-i throw : [aftlizo, Lac] Milton. AFFLFCTEDNESS, af-ifik'-ted-nes. n. s. The state of affliction. AFFLFCTER, af-fllk'-tur. 98. n. s. The person that afflicts; a tormenter. Hu/oet. AFFL1 CTINGLY*, af-flik'-tlng-le. ad. In an af- flicting manner. AFFLICTION, af-fllk'-shun. n.s. Calamity. Hook- er. The state of sorrowfulness. Shakspeare. AFFLFCT1VE, af-flik'-uV. 158. a. Causing afflic- tion; painful ; tormenting. Bp. Hall. AFFLFCTIVELY*, af-fliV-tiv-le. ad. Painfully. Brown. A'FFLUENCE, aP-flu-ense. n. s. The act of flow- ing to any place. Wotton. Exuberance of riches. Rogers. A'FFLUENCY, aP-flu-en-se. n.s. The same with affluence. A'FFLUENT§, nP-flu-ent. a ing to any part. Han-ey Prior. AFFLUENTLY*, aP-flu-ent-le ad. In an affluent manner. A'FFLUENTNESS, aP-flu-ent-nes. n. s. The qual- ity of being affluent. Diet. A'FFLUX, aP-fiuks. n. s. [affluxns, Lat.] The act of flowing to some place ; affluence. Graunt. AFFLU'XION, af'-fluk'-shun. ji. s. The act of flow- ing to a particular place, or from one place to an- other. Broicne. To AFFO'RD*, af-ford'. v. a. [offerer, Fr.] To yield or produce. To grant, or confer any thing. Spense? To be able to sell. Addison-. To be able to bear expenses. Swift. 7 7 0AFFO'REST$,af-for / -re\st. 109, 168. r. a. [affores- tart, Lat.] To turn ground into forest. Sir J. Davies. [qfjluens, Lat.] Flow- Abundant; wealthy. AFFORESTATION af-f3r-res-ta'-sh&n. n. s. Ground turned into forest. Hale. To AFFRA'NCHISE$, af-fraa'-tshlz. 140. v.a. [of- franchir, Fr.] To make free. AFFRA'NCHISEMENT^af-fran'-tshlz-ment. n. s. The act of making free. roAFFRA'P** al-frV. »■«• [affrappare, Ital.] To strike ; to make a blow. Spenser. Ob. T. To AFFRA'P*, af-frap'. v.a. To strike down Spenser. roAFFRA / Y$,nf-fra / .i\a. Affrayer, Fr.] To fright, to terrify. Fairy Qu. To put one in doubt. Huloct. AFFRA'Y, af-fnP. ) n. s. A tumultuous AFFRAYMENT, af-fra'-ment. 5 assault. Tumult ; confusion. Spenser. AFFRfcT*, af-fret'. n. s. [fretta, Ital. speed.] Fu- rious onset ; immediate attack. Spenser. AFFRI'CTION, af-frnV-shCm. n. s. [affrictio, Lat.] The act of rubbing one thing upon another. Boyle. AFFR1 ENDED*, af-frend'-fd. paii. a. Reconciled ; made friends. Spenser. To AFFRIGHT $, af-frhe'. v.a. [apyjihfcan, apop- fctan, SaxJ To affect with fear; to terrify. Shak. AFFRI GHT, af-frlte'. 393. n.s. Terrour; fear. Dryden. The cause of fear. B. Jonson. AFFRFGHTEDLY*,af-frhe'-ett-le. ad. Under the impression of fear. AFFR1 GHTER*, af-frite'-fir. n. s. He who fright ens. Shelion. AFFRFGHTFUL.af-frlte'-ful. a. Terrible ; dread ful. Hall. AFFRI'GHTMENT,af-fr]te'-m&it. n.s. Fearjter rour. Wotton. Fearfulness. Barrow. To AFFRO NT$, af-frunP. 1G5. v.a. [affronter, Fr.^ To meet face to face. Shak. To meet in a hostile manner, front to front. Milton. To offer an open insult. Fai>-fax. AFFRO'NT, af-frunP. n. 5. Insult offered to the face. Bacon. Outrage ; act of contempt. Milton. Open opposition; encounter. Milton. Disgrace; shame. Arbuthnot. AFFRO'NTER, af-frun'-tur. 98. n.s. [affronteur, old Fr.J The person that affronts. AFFRO NT1NG, af-frun'-tmg. part. a. Contumeli- ous. Watts. AFFRO'NTIVE*, af-frun'-tiv. a. Causing affront. Ash. AFFRO'NTIVENESS* af-fhV-tlv-nes. n.s. The quality that gives affront AsA. To AFFU'SF §, af-fuze'. v. a. [affunao, affusum, Lat.] To pour one thing upon another. Boijle. AFFU'SION, af-fiV-zhun. n. s. [affusio, Lat.] The aci of pouring upon. Grew. To AFFY'§, af-fl'. v. a. [offer, Fr.] To betroth in order to marriage. Shak. To bind; to join. Mon- tagu. To AFFY', af-f V. v. n. To put confidence in. Titus Andronicvs. B. Jonson. jbotherby. Oh. J. AFFELD, a-leeld'. "lib. a. To the field. Milton, In the field. Old Ballads. See Field. AFF RE*, a-flre'. ad. On fire. Gower. AFLAT, a-flat'. ad. Level with the ground. Bacon. AFLO'AT, a-flote'. 295. ad. Floating. Shakspeare. AFOOT, a-PuP. 307. ad. On foot. Shakspeare. In action. Shakspeare. In motion. Shakspeare. AFO'RE §, a-f6re'. prep, [ac-pojian, SaxJ Not be- hind; obs. Before; nearer in place. Sooner in time. Shak. Prior or superiour to. Athan. Creed. Under the notice of. B. Jonson. In the power of: noting the right of choice. B. Jonson. AFORE, a-fore'. ad. In time foregone or past. Fs- dras. First in the way. Shak. In front; in the fore-part. Spenser. Rather than. B. Jonson. AFOREGOING, a-f6re'-g6-lng. part. a. Going be- fore. Lilly. I AFOREHAND, a-f tumn. Holland. See Aftercrop. A'FTERJUOST*, aP-t&r-m6st. a. Hindmost- Hawkesworth. A'FTERNOON, aP-tur-n6on'. n. s. The time from the meridian to the evening. Sliakspeare. A'FTERNOURISHMExNT* aP-tar-nur-rfsh-ment n. s. Future nourishment. Pericles. A'FTERPAINS, aP-tur-panz. n. s. The pains after birth, by which women are delivered of the secun- dine. ATTERPART, aP-tur-part. n. s. The latter part Locke. A'FTERPIECE*, aP-tur-peese. n. s. A farce, or any smaller entertainment, after the play. R Cumberland. A'FTERPROOF, aP-tur-pr6of. n. s. Evidence pos teriour to the thing in question. Qualities known bv subsequent experience. Wotton. A'FTERRECKONlNG^aP-tur-rek'-k'n-nig. n. s. An account to be given hereafter. Goodman Burke. A'FTERREPENTANCE*, aP-tur-re-pent'-aivse n. s. Future repentance. South. A'FTERREPORT* aP-t&r-re-pArt. n. s. Sutse quent information or report. South. A'FTERROTTENNESS* aP-t&r-r&t'-t'n-nes. n. s Future rottei mess. South. A'FTERSTATE*, aP-tur-state. n. s. The future state. Glanviile. A'FTERSTING*, aP-tur-stlng. n. s. Subsequent sting. Ld. Htrvey. A'FTERSTOR M* ; aP-tfir-storm. n. s. Future storm Dryden. A'FTERSUPPiSR*, aP-tur-sup-pfir. n. s. The time between supper and going to bed. Shakspeare. A'FTERTASTE, aP-tur-taste. n. s. Taste remain ing upon the tongue after the draught. AFTERTHOUGHT, aP-tur-*/iawt. n. s. Reflec tions after the act. Dryden. A'FTERTIME, aP-tur-tlme. n. s. Succeeding time Hill. A'FTERTOSSING, aP-tur-t6s-?ng. n. s. The mo tion of the sea after a storm. Addison. A'FTERWARD, aP-rur-ward. 88. ad. In succeed- ing time ; sometimes written afterwards, but less properly. Hooker. ATT ER WISE*, aP-tur-wIze. a. Wise too late Addison. A'FTE RWIT, aP-t&r-wlt. n. s. Contrivance of expe- dients after the occasion of using them is past. U Estrange. ATTERWITNESS* aP-tur-wft-nes. n. s. Future witness. Ld. Hervey. A'FTER WRATH, aP-tur-ratfi. n. s. Anger when the provocation seems past. Shakspeare. ATTERWRITERS*,af-tur-rl-uirz. n. s. Succes- sive writers. Shuckford. A'FTWARD* aft'-ward. See Aftermost. A'GA, a/-ga. n. s. The tide of a Turkish military officer in chief. AGA'IN §, a-geu'. 206. ad. [agen, on-£ean, Sax.] A second time; once more. Bacon. On the other hand. Bacon. On another part. Dryden. In re- turn, noting re-action. Back ; in restitution. Shak. In return for any thing; in recompense. Prov. xix In order of rank or succession. Bacon. Besides 73 AGG AGI EF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— in any other time or place. Bacon. Twice as much. Pope. Again and again; often. Locke. In opposition : by way of resistance. Rom. ix. Back ; as returning from some message. Devi. i. In answer. 1. Sam. l/Cr" We find this word written according to the general pronunciation in the Duke of Buckingham's verses to Mr. Pope : " J little thought of launching forth agen, " Amidst advent'rous rovers of the pen." W. AGATNST, a-g£nst 7 . 206. prep, [aens'eon, onxeonb, Sax.] In opposition to any person. Gen. Contra- ry ; Hooker. In contradiction to any opinion. Tillotson. With contrary motion or tendency. Shak. Contrary to rule or law. Milton. Opposite to ; in place. Dryden. To the hurt of another. Sir J. Davies. In provision for; in expectation of. Spenser. AGAIN WARD, a-gen 7 -ward. ad. Gower. Ob. T. For hitherward. A 7 GALAXY, ag'-a-lak-se. 517. n. s. [a and yd\a, Gr.l Want of milk. Diet. AGATE, a-gape 7 . 75. ad. [a and gape.] Staring with eagerness. Milton. See Gape. A'GARICK, ag'-a-rlk. n. s. [agaricum, LatJ A drug of use in physick, and the dyeing trade. It is male and female ; the male grows on oaks, the female on larches. Bacon. AGA 7 ST, a-gast 7 . a. Struck with terrour; amazed. Milton. Usually, of late, aghast, which see. AGA 7 TE*, a-gate 7 . ad. [from gait.] On the way ; ago- ing. Brewer. A provincialism. See Gait. AGATE §, ag 7 -at. 91. n. s. [agat, gemma, Goth.] A precious stone of the lowest class. Shakspeare. A 7 GATY ; ag 7 -a-te. a. Of the nature of agate. Wood- ward. To AGA 7 ZE §, ag-aze 7 . v a. To strike with amaze- ment. Spenser. Ob. J. AGA 7 ZED, a-ga/-zed. part. a. Struck with amaze- ment. Shakspeare. AGE, aje. n. s. Any period of time attributed to something as the whole, or part, of its duration. Shak. A succession or generation of men. Sir J. Dairies. The time in which any particular man, or men, lived. Pope. The space of a hundred years. The latter part of life; old-age. Sliak. Maturity ; ripeness. Hammond. In law : in a man, the age of fourteen years is the age of discretion , and twenty-one years is the full age : a woman at twenty-one is able to alienate her lands. Cowel. A'GED, a/-jed. 363. a. Old; stricken in years. Hooker. AGEDLY, a 7 -jecl-le. ad. After the manner of an aged person. Huloet. AGE'N, a-gen 7 . 206. ad. [a£en, Sax.] Again ; in re- turn. Milton. Dryden. See Again. A 7 GENCY, a 7 -jen-s*e. n. s. The quality of acting. Woodward. The office of an agent or factor. Swift. AGEND*, ad 7 -jend. ) n. s. [agendum, Lat.] A GE'ND UM*, ad-jen 7 -dum. \ Matter relating to the service of the church. Wilcocks. Bp. Banow. A 7 GENT§,a 7 -jent. a. [agens, Lat.] That which acts. Bacon. A'GENT, a'-ient. n. s. An actor. Hooker. A sub- stitute ; a deputy ; a factor. Shak. That which has the power of producing effects. Temple. A'GENTSHIP, a'-jent-shfp. n. s. The office of an agent. Beaumont and Fletcher. AGGELA 7 TION, ad-je-la 7 -shun. n. s. [gelu, Lat.] Concretion of ice. Brown. AGGENERATION, ad-jen-nur-a'-shun. n. s. [ad, and generatio, Lat.] The state of growing to an- other body. Brown. A'GGER*;kd'-}$Lr.n.s. [Lat.] A fortress, or trench. Hearne. [Diet. To AGGERATE, ad'-jur-ate. v. a. To heap up. AGGERO'SE, ad-jur-6se'. a. [agger, Lat.] Full of heaps. Diet. To AGGLOMERATES, ag-gl&m'-mur-ate. v. a. [agglomero, Lat.] To gather up in a ball, as thread. To gather together. Young. To AGGLOMERATE, ag-glom'-mur-ate. v.n.To grow into one mass. Thomson. AGGLOMERATION*, ag-glom-mur-a'-sh&n. r..s Heap. Warton. AGGLU'TINANTS, ag-gl.Y-te-nants. n. s. Medi- cines having the power of uniting parts together. AGGLUTINANT*, ag-glu'-te-nant. a. Uniting parts together. Gray. To AGGLUTINATES, ag-ghV-te-nate. v. a. [ad., and gluten, Lat. glue.] To unite one part to an other. Harvey. AGGLUTINATION, ag-glvV-tc-na'-shun. n. s Union; cohesion. Howell. AGGLUTINATIVE, ag-glu 7 -te-na-uV. 512. a. Having the power of agglutination. Wiseman. To AGGRA 7 CE §*, ag-gras,e 7 . v. a. [aggratiare, ltal.] To favour. Spenser. AGGRA 7 CE*, ag-grase 7 . n. s. Kindness ; favour. Spenser. AGGRANDIZATION* ag-gran-de-za 7 -shun. n.s. The act of aggrandizing. vYaterhouse. To AGGRANDFZE^ag'-gran-dlze. 159.?). a. [ag- grandise^-, Fr.] To male great ; to enlarge; to exalt. Arjliffe. To increase. Sir T. Herbert. To A 7 GGRANDIZE*, ag'-gran-dize. v. n. To be- come greater ; to increase. John Hall. AGGRANDIZEMENT, ag'-gran-dlze-ment. [See Academy.] n.s. The state of being aggrandized. Ld. Chesterfield. ' AGGRANDIZER, ag'-gran-dlze-ur. n. s. He that aggrandizes. To AG GRATE, ag-grate 7 . v. a. [aggratare, Ital.l To please ; to treat with civilities. Spenser. Ob. J. AGGRAVABLE5*, ag 7 -gra-va-bl. a. Making any thing worse ; aggravating. Dr. H. More. To AGGRAVATE §, ag'-gra-vate. 91.v.a. [aggra~ vo, Lat.] To make heavy ; used only metaphori- cally. Milton. To make any thing worse. Bacon. AGGRAVATION, ag-gra-va 7 -shun. n. s. The act of making heavy. Hakeicill. Enlargement to enormity. Addison. Extrinsical circumstances which increase guilt or calamity. Hammond. . AGGREGATE, ag'-gre-gate. 91. a. Framed by the collection of any particular parts into one mass. Brown. AGGREGATE, ag'-gre-gate. n. s. Result of the conjunction of many particulars. Glanville. To AGGREGATE §, ag'-gre-gate. v. a. [aggrego t Lat.] To collect together ; to accumulate. Milton. AGGREGATELY* ag'-gre-gate-le. ad. Collec- tively. Ld. Chesterfield. AGGREGATION, ag-gre-ga'-shun. n. s. Collec- tion. Brown. The act of collecting many into one whole. Woodward. An aggregate. Bp. Bull. AGGREGATIVE*, ag'-gre-ga-uV. a. Taken to- g ether. Spelman. GRE 7 GATOR* ag'-gre-ga-t&r. n. s. [Lat.] He who collects materials. Burton. To AGGRESS §,ag-greV. v.n. [aggredior,aggres sum, Lat.] To commit the first act of violence Prior. AGGRESS*, ag-greV. n. s. [aggressus, low Lat.] Aggression. Hale. AGGRESSION, ag-gresh'-un. n.s. The first act of injury. L'Estrange. AGGRESSOR, ag-gres'-sur. 98,418. n.s. The person that first commences hostility. Dryden. AGGRI'EVANCE, ag-gre'-vanse. n. s. Injury. Constitutions and Can. Eccl. See Gkievance. To AGG Rl EVE §, ag-greve 7 . 275. v. a. [agrever, old Fr.] To give sorrow ; to vex. Spenser. To impose hardships upon ; to harass. To AGGRFEVE* ag-greve 7 . v. n. To mourn ; to lament. Mir. for Mag. To AGGROUT ag-grdop 7 . v. a. [aggropare, Ital.l To bring together into one figure. Dryden. A term of painting. AGHAST, a-gast 7 . a. Struck with horrour. Spen- ser. Milton. Dryden. A 7 GILE §, aj'-il. 140. a. [agilis, Lat.] Nimble ; ready. Shakspeare. A'GILENESS. aj 7 -H-nes. « s. Nimbleness; agihtj. 74 AGO AGR -no, move, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pdund ;— */iin, THis AGILITY, a j'fl'-e-ie. 511. n. s. Nimbleiiess} quick- ness. Watts. AGl'LLOCHUM, a-jilM6-kum. n. s. Aloes- wood. Quincy. A' GIO, a'-je-o. n. s. [Italian.] A mercantile term, chiefly in Holland and Venice, for the difference between the value of bank notes, and the current monev. Chambers. To AGFST^a-jlst'. v. a. [giste,Fr.] To take in and feed cattle at a certain rate. Blount. AGISTMENT, aj-'k'-ment. n. s. The feeding of cattle in a common pasture, for a stipulated price. Bluckstone. Tithe due for the profit made by agist- ing - . An embankment ; earth heaped up. AGISTOR, a-jfs'-lur. n. s. An officer of the king's forest. Howell. A'GITABLE, aj'-e-ta-bl. a. That which may be agitated. To A'GITATE §, aj'-e-tate. 91. v. a. [agUo, Lat.] To put in motion. To be the cause of motion. Blackmore. To affect with perturbation. To stir ; to discuss. Boyle. To contrive 5 to revolve. K. Charles. AGITA'TION, aj-e-ta'-shun. n. s. Moving or shak- ing any thing. Bacon. The stale of being moved. Discussion ; controversial examination. V Es- trange. Violent motion of the mind. Sluxk. Delib- eration ; contrivance. Swift. AGITA'TOR, aj-e-ta'-tur. 521. n. s. [agitateur, Fr.] He who regulates affairs of the army. Sir T. Her- bert. He who manages affairs. Burke. A'GLET, ag'-lel. n. s. [aiguillette, Fr.] A tag of a point curved into the shape of little images. Hay- ward. The pendants at the ends of the chives of flowers, as in tulips. A'GMIN AL, ag'-me-nal. a. \agmen, Lat.] Belonging to a troop. Diet A'GNAIL, ag'-nale. n. s. \_agga and nagel, Sax.] A disease of the nails ; a whitlow. AGNA'TE^ag-nate'. a. \agnat.us, Lat.] Allied to ; akin ; from the father. See Agnation. AGNA'TICK* ag-nat'-fk. a. Relating to kindred by descent from the father. Blackstone. AGNA'TION, ag-na'-shun. n. s. Descent from the same father in a direct male line. Alliance ; con- nexion. Pownall. AGNFTION, ag-n?sh'-un. n. s. [agnitio, Lat.] Ac- knowledgement. Pearson. To AGxNTZE §, ag-nlze'. v. a. [agniser, Fr.] To ac- knowledge. Shakspeare. Ob. X 7\> AGNOMINATE §*, ag-n6m'-me-nate. v. a. [aznomino, Lat.] To name. Locrine. AGNOMINA'TION, ag-nom-me-na'-shun. n. s. Al- lusion of one word to another, by sound. Camden. A'GNUS*, ag'-nus. n. s. [Lat.] In the Romish church, a little image, representing our Saviour in the figure of a lamb. Brevird. AGNtJSCASTUS, ag'-n&s-kas'-tus. n.s. [Lat.] The name of the Chaste Tree, so called from an imaginary virtue of preserving chastity. Dry den. AGO', a-g6'. ad. [a#an, Sax.] Past ; as, long ago ; i. e. long time has past since. Shakspeare. AGOG, a-gog'. ad. In a state of desire; in a state of warm imagination ; heated with the notion of some enjoyment. South. AGO'ING, a-g6'-mg. 410. part. a. In action; into action. Dryaen. A'GON*,k'-gbn. n.s. [Gr.] The contest for the prize. Abp. Sancroft. AGO'NE, a-g6n'. ad. [a£an, Sax.] Ago ; past. B. Jonsoji. A'GONISM^ag'-i-nlzm. 548. n. s. [ayovta^Qi, Gr.] Contention for a prize. Diet. A'GONIST, ag'-o-nlst. n. s. A contender for prizes. Diet. AGONTSTES, ag-6-nV-tez. n.s. A prize-fighter; owe that contends at a publick solemnity for a prize. Milton. AGONFSTICAL, ag-o-nfs'-tlk-al. a. Relating to prize-fighting. Diet. Bp. Bull. AGONFSTFCALLY*, ag-6-mV-tlk-al-le. ad. In the agonistical manner. a. Agoi.«ticaJ a. To afflict with AGONFSTICK*, ag-o-iuV-tfk Hammond. ToA'GONIZE, ag'-6-nlze. agony. Feltham. To A'GONlZEsS ag'-o-nlze. v. 7U To feel agonies ; to be in excessive pain. Pope. AGONIZINGLY*, ag-6-ni'-z?ng-le. ad. Inthemos* painfully feeling manner. AGONO'PHE'TE* ag-6-n6-tfiete'. n, Gr.] A judge of masteries in activity AGONOTHE'TICK, ag:-6-n6-*AeY-'il yovodertjs, iet. Presiding at publick games. Diet. A'GONY^ag'^-ne. 548. n. s. [aym>, Gr.] The pangs of death. Sidney. Any violent pain. Spen- ser. It is particularly used in devotions to signify our Redeemer's conflict in the garden. Hooker. Violent contest or striving. More. AGO'OD, a-gud'. ad. In earnest ; not fictitiously. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. AGOU'TY^-goo'-te. n.s. An animal of the Antilles, of the bigness of a rabbit, with bright red hair, and a little tail without hair. Trevoux. To AGRA / CE§,a-grase / . v. a. See To Ag grace. AGRA'MMATIST, a-gram'-ma-t'fst. n. s. [ a and ypd/ifia, Gr.] An illiterate man. Diet. AGRA'RIAN, a-gra'-re-an. a. [agrarius, Lat.] Re- lating to fields or grounds. Wren. Burke. To AGRE'E ^a-gree 7 . v.n. [agreer, Fr.] To be in concord. Broome. To grant ; to yield to. 2. Mac- cabees. To settle amicably. Clarendon. To set- tle terms by stipulation ; followed by with. Matt. v. To settle a price. Matt. xx. Po be of the same mind or opinion. Clarendon. To concur ; to co-operate. Prior. To settle some point. Hooker. To be consistent. Mark, xiv. To suit with. Wis- dom. To cause no disturbance in the body. Ar huthnot. To AGRE'E, a-gree'. v. a. To put an end to a vari- ance. Spenser. To make friends. Roscommon. AGREEABFLITY* a-gree-a-bfl'-e-te. n. s. [agre ablete, Fr.] Easiness of disposition. Chancer. AGRE'EABLE, a-gree'-a-bl. a. Suitable to ; con- sistent with. Brown. Agreeably. Locke. Pleas- ing. Addison. AGRE'EABLENESS, a-gree'-a-bl-nes. n. s. Con- sistency with. Locke. Phe quality of pleasing. Bp. Taylor. Resemblance ; likeness. Grew. AGRE'E ABLY, a-gree'-a-ble. ad. Consistently with. Pleasingly. Swift. Alike; in a corre sponding manner. Spenser. AGRE'ED, a-greed'. part. a. Settled by consent. AGRE EINGLY*, a-gree'-lng-le. ad. In conformity to. Sheldon. AGRE'EINGNESS, a-gree'-mg-nes. n. s. Con sistence ; suitableness. AGREEMENT, a-gree'-ment. n. s. Concord. Ec- clus. Resemblance of one thing to another. Ba- con. Compact ; bargain. Isaiah. AGRE'STJCK, a-gres"tik. ~)a. [agrestis, Lat. AGRE'STICAI^a-gres'-te-kal.V Rude; rustick AGRE / STIAL*,a-gTes / -tshe-al. ) Gregory. Swan AGRICOLA'TION, ag-re-ko-la'-shun. n. s. [agric ola, Lat.] Culture of the ground. Diet. AGRICU'LTOR*, ag-re-kul'-tur. n. s. A husband man. See Agriculturist. AGRICULTURAL*, ag-re-kul'-tshu-ral. a. Relat ing to agriculture. Smith's Wealth of Nations. AGRICULTURE, ag'-re-kul-tshure. 462. n.s. [ag- riadtura, Lat.] The art of cultivating the ground. AGRIC U'LTURISM* ag-re-kul'-tsnu-rlzm. «. * The science of agriculture. AGRICULTURIST*, ag-re-kul'-tshu-rlst. «. s One skilled in the art of cultivating the ground l'GRIMONY, ag'-re-mun-ne. 557. n.s. [agrimo A'y; a song. Milton. The mien, or manner, of ine person; the look. Milton. An af- fected manner or gesture. Dryden. Appearance. Pope. To AIR, are v. a. To expose to the air. Hooker. To gratify, by enjoying the open air. Sliak. To air; to warm by the fire. To breed in nests; in this sense it is derived from aerie, a nest. Careiv. A'IRBALLOON*, are'-bal-loon'. n. s. A machine, filled with air, which mounts to a considerable height. See Balloon. A'IRBLADDER, are'-blad-dur. n. s. Any cuticle or vesicle filled with air. Arbuthnot. The bladder in fishes, by which they rise or fall. Cudwoi-th. AIR-BORN*, are'-bSrn. a. Born of the air. Con- greve. AIR-BRAVING*, are'-bra-vlng. part. a. Defying the winds. Shakspeare. AIRBUILT, are'-bllt. a. Built in the air, i. e. with- out any solid foundation. Pope. AIR-DRAWN, are'-drawn. a. Drawn or painted in air. Shakspeare. Ob. J. AIR-EMBRACED*, are'-em-braste. a. Saridys. Ps. civ. AIRER, are'-fir. 98. n. s. He that exposes to the air. AIR-HOLE, are'-hole. n. s. A hole to admit air. A'IRINESS, are'-e-nes. n.s. Openness; exposure to the air. Lightness ; gayety ; levity. Felton. AIRING, are'-mg. 410. n.s. A short journey to enjoy the free air Addison. A'IRLESS, are'-les. a. Wanting communication with the free air. Shakspeare. A'IRLING, are'-llng. 410. n.s A thoughtless, gay person. B. Jonson. A'IRGUN*, are'-g&n, n.s. A species of gun charged with air, instead of powder. Diet. A'IRPOISE*, are'-pfieze. n. s. An instrument to measure the weignt of the air. Hist. Royal Society. A'IRPUMP, are'-pump. n. s. A machine by whose means the air is exhausted out of proper vessels. Chambers. A'IRSHAFT, are'-shaft. n. s. A passage for the air into mines and subterraneous places. Ray. A'lR-STIRRlNG*, are'-stiir-rhig. a. That which puts the air in motion. May. AIR-THRE'ATENING*, are'-*/n-eVt'n-?ng. adj Threatening the air; lofty. Mir. for Mag. A'IRY, are'-e. a. Composed of air. Bacon. Re- lating to the air. Boyle. High in air. Addison. Open to the free air. Spenser. Light as air; thin; unsubstantial. Shak, Wanting reality. Milton. Fluttering; loose. Dryden. Gay; sprightly. Bp. Taylor. AIRY-FLYING*, are'-e-fll-hig. «• Flying like air. Thomson. AIRY-LIGHT*, are'-e-llte. a. Light as air. Mil- ton. AISLE, lie. 207. n, s. [aile, Fr. ala, Lat. wing.] The walk in a church, or wing of a quire. Addison, AIT, cr EYGHT, ale. 202. n. s. Supposed to be corrupted from islet. A small island in a rivei skinner. 76 ALB ALE — n6, move, nor not; -tt'ibe, tub, bfillj -611 5 — pound — th'm, THis. A 1 JUT AGE, ad -ju-taje. n. s. [Fr.] An additional pipe to water-works. Diet. To AKE, ake. 355. v. n. To feel a pain. Shak. AKl'N, a-kin'. a. Related to. Sidney. Allied to by nature. Prior. AL, ATTLE, ADALE, seem to be corruptions of the Saxon yEpel, noble, famous. AL, ALD, being initials, are derived from the Saxon Ealb, ancient. AL is also the Arabick prefix to many of our words : as, al-coran, al-cove, al-chymy, al- embick, al-manack. A'LABASTER, aF-a-bas-tur. 98. n. s. [£X«/Wpov.] A kind of soft marble, easier to cut, and less dura- ble than the other kinds. Savary. A'LABASTER, aF-a-bas-tur. 418. a. Made of ala- baster. Addison. ALA'CK, a-lak''. inter). Alas. Shakspeare. ALA'CKADAY^-lak'-a-da'. interj. [alas the day.'] A word noting' sorrow and melancholy. ALA'CRIOUSLY, a-lak'-re-fis-le. ad. Cheerfully. ALA'CRIOUSNESS*, a-lak'-re-us-nSs. n. s. Brisk- ness; liveliness. Hammond. ALACRITY, a-lak'-kre-te. 511 . n. s.[alacritas, Lat.] Cheerfulness; sprightliness. Hooker. ALAMIRE, a-la-me'-ra. n. s. The lowest note but one in Guido Aratine's scale of musick. Gaylon. ALAMO'DE, al-a-mode'. ad. According to the fashion. Wliitlock. A low word. /. A LA'ND, a-land'. ad. At land. Sidney. Dryden. ALA ; RM§, a-larm'. n. s. [a. Varme, Fr. to arms.] A cry by which men are summoned to their arms. Numbers. A cry of danger. Any tumult or dis- turbance. Pope. A clock that strikes an alarm. Spenser. To ALARM, a-larm 7 . v. a. To call to arms; to dis- turb. Addison. To surprise with apprehension of danger. Tickell. To disturb in general. Dryden. A LA'RMBELL, a-larm'-bell. n. s. The bell that is rung at the approach of an enemy. Milton. ALARMING, a-lar'-mlng. part. a. Terrifying. ALARMINGLY ,* a-lar'-mlng-le. ad. In an'alarm- ing manner. ALARMIST*, a-lar'-mist. n. s. He who excites an alarm. ALA RMPOST, a-larm'-post. n. s. The post ap- pointed tG appear at, in case of an alarm. ALA'RMWATCH*, a-larm'-wotsh. n.s. One that strikes the hour by regulated movement. Sir T. Herbert. ALA'RU3L a-lar'-fim. n. s. See Alarm. Shak. ALA'S, a-las'. interj. [Jielas, Fr.] A word express- ing lamentation, Pity, or concern. Sidney. ALAS THE DAY, a-las'-THe-da. interj. Ah, un- happy day ! Shakspeare. ALAS THE WHILE, a-las'-THe-hwlle. interj. Ah, unhappy time ! Spenser. ALA'TE, a-late'. ad. Lately. Haioes. ALATE'RNUS*, al-a-ter'-nfis. n.s. Evergreen privet. Evelyn. ALB, alb. n. s. [album, Lat.] A surplice worn close at the wrists, like the lawn sleeves of a bishop. Faii-fax. A'LBATROSS*, aF-ba-tros. n.s. A south-sea bird Hawkesworth. ALBE', al-be'. » ) ad. Although ; notwith- ALBETT, al-be'-it. 84. C standing. Spenser. ALBICORE* aF-be-k6re. n. s. A sea fish. Da- vors. ALBIFIC ATION*, al-be-fe-ka'-sh&n. n. s. Making- white. Chaucer. ALBIGE NSES* al-be-jen'-sez. n. s. A sect so called from vl/if', in Upper Languedoc, where they originated. Warton. ALBUGFNEOUS, al-bu-j?n'-e-us. a. [albugo, Lat.] Resembling the white of an egg. Brown. ALBU'GO,kl-hu'-gt>. 84. n.s. [Lat.] A disease in the eye, by which the cornea contracts a white- ness. ALBUM*, al'-bum. n.s. [Lat.] A book in which foreigners have long been accustomed to insert the autographs of celebrated people. Sir H. Wolton. ALBURN, aF-bfirn. See Auburn. ALCA'ICK*, al-ka'-ik. a. The measure ot verse used by the poet Alcoeus, consisting of two dactyles and two trochees. Blackwall. Used also as a noun, denoting the verse itself. Warton. ALCAHEST, aF-ka-hest. 84. n. s. [Arab.] A uni versal dissolvent. Quincy. ALCAID, al-kade'. 84. ».*. In Barbary, thegov ernour of a castle. Dryden. In Spain, the judge of a city. Du Cange. ALCA'NNA, a!-kan 7 -na. 84. n. s. An Egyptian plant used in dyeing. Brown. ALCHEMICAL, al-klm'-me-kal. a. Relating to alchymy. Camden. ALCHMICALLY, al-kW-me-kal-le. ad. In the manner of an alchymist. Camden. ALCHYMIST, aF-ke-mlst. 84. n.s. One who pur sues or professes the science of akhvmy. Shak. iALCHYMFSTICAI^^l-ke-mfs'-uk-al. a. Acting like an alchymist. Liglufoot. Burke. To ALCHYM1ZE* aF-ke-mlze. v. a. To trans- mute. Lovelace. A'LCHYMY^, aF-ke-me. 84. n. s. [al, Arab, and XVfJ-a-] That part of chymistry , which proposes the transmutation of metals, and Other important operations. Hooker. A kind of mixed metal. Bacon. ALCOHOLS, aF-k6-h&l. 84. n.s. [Arab.] A high, rectified, dephlegmated spirit of wine, or any thing I reduced into an impalpable powder. Quincy. (ALCOHOLIZATION, al-k6-h6l-e-za'-shnn. n.s. \ The act of rectifying spirits. | To ALCOHOLIZE, aF-k6-h6-llze. v. a. To make j an alcohol. lA'LCORANS, aF-k6-ran. 84. n.s. [al, and koran, I Arab.] The book of the Mahometan precepts, and credenda. Saunderson. ! ALCORANISH*, al-ko-ran'-ish. a. Relating to I Mahometanism. Sir T. Herbert. ALCOVE, al-kive'. n. s. [alcoha, Span.] A recess, or part of a chamber, separated by an estrade, in which is placed a bed of state, or seats. Trevoux. A recess in gardens or pleasure grounds. Pope. ALDER, aF-d&r. 84. n. s. [alnus, Lat.] A tree having leaves resembling those of the hazel. The wood is used by turners. Pope. ALDERLFEVEST, al-dur-leev^st. a. super. [From alder, of all, and lieve, beloved.] Most beloved. Shakspeare. A'LDERMAN§, aF-dur-man. n.s. [aid, and man, Sax.] The same as senator. A governour or magistrate, originally chosen on account of the experience which his age had given him. Shak. ALDERMANITY*, al-dur-man'-e-te. n.s. The be- haviour and manners of an alderman. Staple of News. The society of aldermen. Underwoods. A'LDERMANLIKE* aF-dnr-man-llke. a. In the manner of an alderman. Shelton. A'LDERMANLY, aF-dur-man-le. ad. Like an al derman. Swift. ALDERN, aF-durn. 84, 555. a. Made of alder. May. A'LE§, ale. n. s. [eale, Sax.] A liquor made by infusing malt in hot water, and then fermenting the liquor. Shak. A merry meeting used in country places. Warton. A'LE-BENCH*, ale'-bensh. n.s. A bench in oi before an ale-house. Homilies. A'LEBERRY, ale'-ber-re. n. s. [ale, and berry.'] A beverage made by boiling ale with spice and su gar, and sops of bread. Beaumont. A'LE-BRE VVER, ale'-broO-fir. n. s. One that brewg ale. Mortimer. i A'LE-CONNER, ale'-k6n-nflr. n. s. [ale, and con.] I An officer whose business it is to inspect the meas- I ures of publick houses. Act of Pari, zl Jac. I. ch. 7. | ALECOST, ale'-kost. n. s. The name of an herb. Diet. ALE'CTRYOMANCY, a-lek'-tre-o-man-se. > ALF/CTOROMANCY, a-lek'-t6-r6-man-se. ] [a\£KTpvyden. Unextinguished; undestroyed. Hooker. Cheer- ful ; sprightly. Clarissa. In a popular sense, it is used only to add an emphasis; as, the best man alive. Spenser. ALKAHEST, aF-ka-hest. 84. n. s. A universal dis- i solvent, which has the power of resolving all things into their first principles. ALKALE'SCENT, al-ka-leV-sent. a. Having a tendency to die properties of an alkali. Arbuth- not. A'LKALIQ, aF-ka-Ie. 84. n.s. [from an herb, called by the Egyptians kali; by us, glasswort.l An}' substance, which, when mingled with acid, pro- duces ebullition and effervescence. A'LK ALINE, aF-ka-lfn. 150. a. Having the quali- ties of alkali. Arbuthnot. To ALKALIZATE, al-kal'-le-zate. v. a. To make bodies alkaline. ALKALIZATE, al-kal'-le-zate. a. Impregnated with alkali. Boyle. ALKALIZATION, al-ka-l^-za'-shfin. n. s. Act . of alkalizating, or impregnating bodies with alkali. A'LKANET, aF-ka-net. n. s. [Anchusa, Lat.] The name of a plant. Miller. ALKEKE r NGI, al-ke-ken'-je. n. s. A medicinal fruit or berry, called winter-cherry. Chambers. ALKE'RMES, al-ker'-mez. n. s. A celebrated remedy, of which kermes berries are the basis. Chambers. ALL§,all. 77. a. [JEW, JEa\, ealle, alle, Sax.] The whole number; every one. Shak. Every part. Locke. ALL, all. ad. [See All, a.] Quite ; completely. Spenser. Altogether; wholly. Dry den. Only. Shak. Although; but obsolete in this sense. Spenser. ALL, all. n. s. The whole. Shak. Every thing. Shak. All is much used in composition ; but, in most instances, it is merely arbitrary ; as appears in the following compounds. ALL-ABANDONED*, all-a-ban'-dund. part. a. De- serted by all. Shelton. ALL- ABHORRED*, all-ab-hSr'd'. part. a. Detested by all. Shakspeare. • ALL-ADMIRING*, all-ad-mF-rtog. part. a. Wholly admiring. SJiakspeare. ALL-ADVISED*, all-ad-vfe'd'. pad. a. Advised by all. Bp. Warburton. ALL- APPROVED*, all-ap-proov'd'. a. He who is approved by all. More. ALL-ATONING*, all-a-t6ne' tog. part. a. Atoning for all. Dryden. Burke. ALL-BEARING, all-ba'-r?ng. a. That which bears every thing ; oinniparous. Marston. ALL-BEAUTEOUS*, all-bu'-tshe-fis. a. Complete- ly beautiful. Pope. ALL-BEHOLDING*, all-be-h6le'-dfng. a. That which beholds all things. Drayton. ALL-BLASTING*, all-blas'-tfhg. part. i. That which blasts, defames, or destroys all things. Marston ALL-CHANGING*, all-tshanje'-ing. part. a. That which is perpetually changing. Shakspeare. ALL-CHEERING, all-tshe'-rtog. a. That which fives gayety and cheerfulness to all. Shakspeare. L-COMMANDlNG^ll-kom-mand'-fng. a. Hav ing the sovereignty over all. Raleigh. ALL-COMPLYING*, all-kom-pll'-ing. part, a Yielding or complying in every respect. More. ALL-COMPOSING, all-kom-po'-zlng. a. That which quiets all. Crashaw. ALL-COMPREHENSIVE*, all-k6m-pre-hen / -slv. a. Comprehending all things. Glanville. ALL-CONCEALING*, all-kon-sele'-tog. pad. a. That which conceals all things. Spenser. ALL-CONQUERING, all-kong'-kfir-fog. 334. a. That which subdues every thing. Milton. ALL-CONSTRALN1NG* all-k6n-stra'-n?ng. part. a. That which restrains or subjugates all things, Drayton. ALL : CONSUMING, all-k&n-su'-mlug. a. That which consumes every thing. Pope. ALL-DARING*, all-da'-rtog. a. That which dares attempt every thing. B. Jonson. ALL-DESTROYING*, all-de-strde'-fng. part. a. Destroying all things. Sir R. Fanshaw. ALL-DEVASTING*, all-de-vas'-tlng. part. a. Wasting all things. Sandys. ALL-DEVOURING, all-de-vSur'-Ing. a. That which eats up every thing. Pope. I ALL-DIMMING*, all-dim'-mtog. part. a. That i which obscures all things. Marston. j ALL-DISCOVERING*, all-dis-kuv'-ur-fng.^rf. a. i Disclosing every thing. More. ALL-DISGRACED*, all-dls-graste'. part. a. Com- oletelv disgraced. Shakspeare. ALL-DISPENSING*, all-dfs-pen'-s?ng. part. a. That which dispenses all things. Milton. That which affo"ls any dispensation or permission. Dryden. ALL-DIVINE*, all-de-vlne'. a. Supremely excel- lent. Howell. ALL-DIVINING*, all-de-vl'-n?ng. part. a. Foretell- ing all things. Sir R. Fanshaw. ALL-DREADED*, all-dred'-ed. a. Feared by att. Shakspeare. ALL-DROWSY*, all-drou'-ze. a. Very drowsy. Brown. ALL-ELOQUENT*, all-eF-6-kwent. a. Having at the force of eloquence. Pope. ALL-EMBRACING*, all-em-brase'-fng. part. a. Embracing all things. Crashaw. ALL-ENDING*, alf-en'-dtog. part. a. That which ends all things. Shakspeare. ALL-ENLIGHTENING*, all-en-lFt'n-mg. part. a. Enlightening an things. C. Cotton. ALL-ENRAGED*, afl-en-raj'd'. a. Greatly enrag- ed. J. Hall. ALL-FLAMING*, all-fla'-mtog. part. a. Flaming in everv direction. Beaumont. ALL-FOOLS-DAY* all-foolz-da'. n. s. The first of April, when every body, says the Spectator, strives to make as many fools as he can; an old [but foolish] custom. Brand. ALL-FORGIVING*, all-for-glv'-ing. a. Forgiving all. Dryden. , ALL-FOURS, all-forz'. n. s. A low game at cards, played by two. The all-four are nigh, low, Jack, and the game. The arms used together with the legs on the ground. [things. Milton. ALL-GIVER* all-g?v / -ur.tt.s. The Giver of all ALL-GOOD*, al-gud'. n.s. A Being of unlimited goodness ; used also as an ad}. Dryden. ALL GUIDING* all-gyF-dlng. part. a. Guiding all things. Sandys. ALL-HAIL §, all-hale', n. s. All health ; a term of salutation. St. Matthew, xxviii. To ALL-HAIL*, all-hale', v. a. To salute. Shak. ALL HALLOW, all-haF-16. ) n. s. All-saints- AL L HALLOWS, all-haF-l6ze$ day ; the first of November. ALL-HALLOWMASS*, all-hal'-lo-mas. n. s. The term near All-saints-dav. Bcurne. 79 ALL ALL Q~P 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m*, all-suf-flsh'-en-se. n. s. In- finite ability. Bp. Hall. ALL-SUFFiCIENT, all-s&f-flsh'-ent. a. Sufficient to every thing. Hooker. ALL-SUFFIClENT*,all-s&f-f)sh'-ert.7i.5. Proper \y and emphatically denoting God. Whithck. ALL-SURVEYING*, all-sor-va'-Ing. part. a. That which beholds all things. Sandys. ALL-SUSTAINING*, all-sus-ta'-n?ng. part. a. That which upholds all things. Sir J. Beaumont. ALL-TELLING*, all-telMW. part. a. That which tells or divulges all things. Shakspeare. ALL-TRIUMPHING*, all-trl'-um-flng. part. a. Every where triumphant. B. Jonson. ALL-WATCHED*, all-wotsht'. part. a. Watched throughout. Shakspeare. ALL-WISE, all-wlze'. a. Possessed of infinite wis- dom. South. ALL-WITTED*, all-wit'-ted. a. Possessing every kind of wit. B. Jonson. ALL- WORSHIPPED* all-wur'-shlpt. part, a. Adored by all. Milton. ALL A NT O' IS, al-lan-tols'. ) n. s. [aAAa? ALLANTO'IDES, al-lan-t5e'-dez. \ and ados.] The urinary tunick placed between the amnion and chorion. Quincy. To ALLA'TRATE*, al-la'-trite. v. n. [allatro, LatJ To bark. Stubbes. To ALLA'Y §, al-la 7 . v. a. To mix one metal with another, to make it fitter for coinage. To join any thing to another, so as to abate its predomi- nant qualities. B. Jonson. To quiet ; to pacify. Sliakspeare. ALLAY, al-la'. n.s. [alloy, Fr.] The metal of a baser kind mixed in coins, to harden them. Beau- mont and Fletcher. Any thing which abates the predominant qualities of that with which it is min- £led. Newton. LA'YER, al-la'-or. n. s. The person or thing which has the power of allaying. Harvey. ALLA'YMENT, al-la'-ment. n. s. That which has the power of allaying. Shakspeare. To ALLE'CT §*, al-lekt'. v. a. [allecto, allicio, Lat.] To entice. Huloet's Diet. ALLE'CTIVE*, al-lek'-tfv. n. s. Allurement. Sir T. Elyot. ALLE'CTIVE*,al-lek'-t?v. a. Alluring. Clwucer. Ob. T. ALLEGATION, al-le-ga'-shfin. n. s. Affirmation ; declaration. More. The thing alleged. Shak. An excuse ; a plea. Pope. To ALLE'GE §, al-ledje'. v. a. [allego, Lat.] To af- firm. To plead as an excuse, or produce as an argument. Hooker. ALLE'GEABLE, al-ledje'4-bl. a. That which may be alleged. Browne. ALLE'GEMENT, al-ledje'-ment. n. s. The same with allegation. Diet. Bp. Sanderson. ALLE'GER, al-ledje'-ur. n. s. He that alleges Boyle. ALLE GIANCE, al-le'-janse. n. s. [allegeance, Fr.] The dmy of subjects to the government. Shak. ALLE'GIANT, al-le'-jant. a. Loval. Shak. Ob. J. ALLEGO'RICKjal-le-gor'-rik. a. After the manner of an allegory. Milton. ALLEGO'RICAL, al-le-g&r'-re-kal. a. In the form of an allegory. Bentley. ALLEGO'RICALLY, al-le-g&r'-re-kal-le. ad. Af- ter an allegorical manner. Peacliam. ALLEGO'RICALNESS, al-le-gor'-re-kal-nes. n. s. Quality of being allegorical. Diet. A'LLEGORIST*, al'-le-gd-rfst. n. s. He who teaches in an allegorical manner. Whiston. T^A'LLEGORIZE, aiMe-g6-rlze. v. a. To turn into allegory. Raleigh. To A'LLEGORIZE*, alMe-g6-rlze. v. n. To trea« as an allegory. Fulke. ALLECORIZER*, alMe-go-rl-zur. n. s. An allego- rist. Coventry. A'LLEGORY^al'-le-gor-re. 557. n.s. [a\\ V yopia.\ A figurative discourse, in which something other is intended, than is contained in the words literally taken. Ben Jonson. ALLEGRO, al-le'-grO. n. s. [Ital.] A word ia musick, denoting a sprightly motion. It originally means gay, as in Milton. ALL ALM -116, move, n6>, n6t ; — tube, tab, hall ; — oil ; — pound ; — , a month.'] A calendar; a book in wmca 81 ALO ALT O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin the revolutions of the seasons, with the return of feasts and fasts, is noted. Bacon. A'LMANACK-MAKEK* al'-ma-nak-ma'-kur. n. s. A maker of almanacks. Gayton. A'LMANDINE, dl'-man-dlne. 149. n. s [from al- mandina, Ital.] A ruby of the colour of the gran- ate. Diet. ALMFGHTINESS, al-ml'-te-nes. n. s. Unlimited power; omnipotence ; one of the attributes of God. Hooker. ALMFGHTY§,al-ml'-te. 84,406. a. Of unlimited power; omnipotent. Genesis. ALMIGHTY*, al-ml'-te. n. s. The Omnipotent ; the Maker of heaven and earth ; one of the appel lationsof the Godhead. Milton. A LMOND, a'-mund. 401. n. s. [amand, Fr.] The nut of the almond-tree. Locke. ALMOND-TREE, a'-mund-tree. n. s. The tree which bears almonds. Miller. A'LMONDS of tlve throat, or Tonsils. Two round glands placed on the sides of the basis of the tongue. Quincy. A'LMOND-FURNACE, a'-m&nd-ffir-nls. ) A'LMAN-FURNACE,al'-man-fur-nk 5 n ' s ' Called also the Sweep. A kind of furnace used in refining. Chambers. A'LMOND-WILLOW*, a'-mund-wfF-l6. n.s. A willow, whose leaves are of a light green on both sides. Shenstone. A'LMONER, al'-m6-nur \n. s. The person em- A'LMNER,alm-n5r. £ ployed in the distribu- tion of charity. Dryden. A'LMONRY, al'-m&n-re. ) n. s. The place where A'LMRY, alm'-re. C the almoner resides, or where the alms are distributed. Burnet. ALMOST, al'-m6st. 84. ad. Nearly; well nigh. Locke. ALMS$,amz. 403. n. s. What is given gratuitously in relief of the poor. Simkspeare.-. ALMS-BASKET, amz'-bas-kh. n. s. The basket m which provisions are put to be given away. B. Jonson. A'LMSDEED, amz'-deed. n. s. An act of charity. Acts, ix. ALMS-FOLK*, amz'-foke. n. s. Persons supporting others by alms. Strype. ALMS-GIVER, amz'-giv-fir. n. s. He that gives alms. Bacon. Hammond. A'LMSHOUSE, amz'-h6&se. n. s A house devoted to the reception and support of the poor. Hooker. A'LMSMAN, amz'-man. n. s. A man who lives upon alms. Sliak. He who gives alms. Homilies, ALMS-PEOPLE*, amz-pee'-pl. n.s. Members of an alms-house. Weever. A'LMUG-TREE, al'-mug-tree. n. s. A tree men- tioned in Scripture. 1 Kings, x. A'LNAGAR, al'-na-gar. ~) n. s. [from alnage.'] A A'LNAGER, al'-na-jur. 88. £ measurer by the ell ; A'LNEGER, al'-ne-jur. ) one of three officers belonging to the regulation of cloth-manufactures, the searcher, measurer, and alneger. Diet. A'LNAGE, al'-naje. 90. n. s. [aulnage, or aunage, Fr.] Ell-measufe, or the measuring by the ell. Diet. A'LNIGHT, al'-nhe. n. s. A great cake of wax, with the wick in the midst. Bacon. A'LOES §, al'-ize. n. s. [dShn,] A precious wood used, in the East, for perfumes, of which the best sort is of higher price than gold. Samry. A tree which grows in hot countries; a cathartick juice extracted from the common aloes tree. fc5" This word is divided into three syllables by Mr. Sheridan, and but into two by Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, Mr. Scott, and W. Johnston. The latter is, in my opinion, preferable. My reason is, that though this plural word is perfectly Latin, and in that language is pronounced in three syllables ; yet, as we have the sin- gular aloe in two syllables, we ought to form the plu- rai according to our own analogy, and pronounce it in two syllables likewise. — See Antitodes. W. ALOE'TICAL, al-o-gt'-e-kal. ) a. Consisting chiefly ALOETICK, al-6-eV-ik. 5 of aloes. Wiseman. ALO' FT, a-loft'. ad. [loffter, Dan.] On high ; above. Prov. xviii. A word used by seamen to call others from below on deck ; all hands aloft Beaumont and Fletcher. ALO'FT, a-l6ft'. prep. Above. Milion. A'LOGY, aF-6-je. n. s. [atogie, old Fr.] Unreason ableness; absurdity. Diet. ALO'NE§, a-l6ne\ 545. a. \alleen, Dutch.] Without another. Shak. Solitary. Sidney. Not to be matched. Shakspeare. Only. St. Mattliew, iv. ALO'NELY*, a-]6neMe. a. Only. Huloet. ALO'NELY*, a-l6ne'-le. ad. Merely; singly Gower. ALO'NENESS§», a-l6ne'-nes. n. s. That slate which belongs not to another ; properly applied to God. Mountagu. ALO'NG§, a-long'. ad. [anblan£, onblon£, Sax.] At length. Dryden. Through any space length- wise. Bacon. Throughout ; in the whole, with all prefixed. Tillotson. Forward; onward. Pope. Owing to ; in consequence of. Chaucer. ALO'NG-SIDE* a-l&ng'-slde. ad. By the side of the ship. A naval term. ALO'NGST, a-l6ngst'. ad. Along; through the length. Knolles. ALOW, a-l&of. ad. [all off.] At a distance. B. Hall. Caution and circumspection. Shak. That art in conversation by which a man holds the prin cipal question at a distance. Shakspeare. ALO'UD^a-lSud'. a. Loudly. Waller. ALO'W, a-16'. ad. In a low place. Mir. for Mag. ALP §*, alp. n. s. [alp, alb, mons. Bas Bret.] That which is mountainous or durable like the Alps. Milton. A'LPINE* al'-p?n. a. [alpinus, Lat.] Relating to the Alps. Milton. High. Tlwmson. A peculiar kind of strawberry. Matve. ALPHA, al'-fa. 84, 545. n.s. The first letter in the Greek alphabet, answering to our A : therefore used to signify the first. Revelation, i. ALPHABETS, al'-fa-bet. n.s. [aXfa and fara.] The order of the letters, or elements of speech. Holder. To A'LPHABET, al'-fa-bet. v. a. To range in the order of the alphabet. ALPHABET A'RIAN*, al-fa-bet-ta'-re-an. n.s. At ABC scholar. Abp. Saner oft. ALPHABETICAL, al-fa-bet'-te-kal. 508, 509. ) ALPHABE'TICK, al-fa-bet'-ik. $ a In the order of the alphabet. Swift. ALPHABETIC ALLY, al-fa-bet'-te-kal-le. ad. lu an alphabetical manner. Holder. ALREADY, al-red'-de. 84. ad. At this present time, or at some time past. Hooker. ALS, als. ad. Also ; likewise. Spenser. Oh. J. A'LSO$, al'-s6. 84. ad. [alrpa, Sax.] In the same manner; likewise. Burnet. ALT*, alt. n. s. The higher part of the scale or gamut. A'LTARS, al'-tfir. 84,98. n.s. [altare, Lat.] The place where offerings to heaven are laid. Dryden The table in Christian churches where the com munion is administered. Shakspeare. A'LTARAGE, al'-tur-aje. 90. n. s. [altaragium, Lat.] An emolument arising from oblations. Ay A'LTAR-CLOTH, al'-tur-cl&th. n. s. [old Fr.] The cloth thrown over the altar. Peacham. A'LTAR-PIECE*, al'-lur-peese. n. s. A painting placed over the altar. Dr. Warton. A^LTARWISE*, aF-tur-wlze. ad. Placed or fashion- ed in the manner of an altar. Hoicell. To A'LTER§, al'-tur. 418. v. a. [abler, Lat.] To change. Sliak. To take off from a persuasion. Dryden. To A'LTER, al'-tfir. v. n. To suffer change. A'LTERABLE, al'-t&r-a-bl. a. That which may be changed by something else. Glanville. A'LTERABLENESS, al'-tur-a-bl-nes. n. s. The qualitv of being alterable, or admitting change. ALTERABLY, al'-t&r-a-ble. ad. In such a manner as may be altered. ALT AMA -116, mOve, nor, n5t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ; — thin, THis. ALTERAGE, aF-tfir-ldge. 90. n. s. [from alo.] The nourishing' or fostering - of a child. Sir J. Davies. ALTERANT, al'-tur-ant. 555. a. What has the fower of producing changes. Bacon. TE RATION, aP-tur-a^-shfin. n. s. The act of altering or changing. Hooker. The change made. Hooker. Milton. ALTERATIVE, al'-tur-a-flv. a. Medicines which change the humours from a state of distemperature to health. Quincy. ALTERATIVE*, al'-tur-a-tlv. n. s. An alterative medicine. Burton. To ALTERCATE^*, al'-tiir-kate. v.n. [altei-cor, Lat.] To wrangle ; to contend with. ALTERCATION, al-tfir-ka'-shun. 84. n. s. De- bate ; controversy ; wrangle. Hooker. $5= The first syllable of this word, and of the sixteen [25] that follow it, except [althea and] although, are subject to a double pronunciation, between which it is net very easy to decide. There i3 a general rule in the lan- guage, that I, followed by another consonant, gives the preceding a its broad sound, as in salt. This rule is subject to several exceptions, 84 ; and if we take in these words into the exceptions, there is some doubt of the exceptions becoming the general rule. But the a in question is now so generally pronounced as in the first syllable of alley, valley, &c. that we should risk the imputation of inaccuracy to sound it otherwise. Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick,and Mr. Scott, are uniform- ly for this latter sound of a. Mr. Perry marks all in the same manner, except altercate, and altercation ; and W. Johnston has only the words altercation, and alternative, which he pronounces in the former man- ner. It is certain that the former was the true Anglo- Saxon sound, and it is highly probable that the latter has only obtained within these few years, in words ob- viously derived from the Latin, as these are ; but there seems to be a grossness in one sound, and a neatness in the other, which has so decidedly given one of them the preference. W ALTERN, al-uW. 84, 98. a. [alternus, Lat.] Act- ing by turns. Milton. ALTERNACY, al-ter'-na-se. 84. n. s. Action per- formed by turns. ALTERNAL*, al-ter'-nal. a. Alternative. ALTERN ALLY*, al-teV-nal-le. ad. By turns. May. ALTERN ATEy,al-teV-nate. 91. a. Being by turns; one after another ; reciprocal. South. ALTERNATE, al-teV-nate. n. s. What happens alternately; vicissitude. Prior. To ALTERNATES, al-ter'-nate. 91. v. a. [alter- nare, Ital.] To perform alternately. Milton. To change one thing for another reciprocally. Grew. To ALTERNATE*, al-ter'-nate. v. n. To succeed bv turns. Philips. ALTERNATELY, al-teV-nate-le. ad. In recipro- cal succession. Drijden. ALTERNATENESS, al-teV-nate-nes. n. s. Quali- ty of being alternate, or in reciprocal succession. Diet. ALTERNATION, al-tur-na'-shun. 555. n. s. The reciprocal succession of things. Brown. The an- swer of the congregation, speaking alternately with tne minister. Milton. Alternate performance, m the choral sense. Mason. ALTERNATIVE, al-teY-na-t?v. 158. n. s. The choice given of two things. Young. ALTERNATIVE*, al-wV-na-tlv. 158. a. In an al- ternate manner. Hakewell. ALTERNATIVELY, al-ter'-na-tlv-le. ad. By turns. Ayliffe. ALTERNATIVENESS, al-ter'-na-tfv-nes. [See Altercation.] n. s. Reciprocation. Diet. ALTERN lTY,al-ter'-ne-te. 98. n. s. Reciprocal succession. Broum. ALTHE'A* al-tfie'-a. n. s. [a\9ala, Gr.] A flower- ing shrub. Diet. ALTHO'UGH, al-THi'. 84. conj. Notwithstanding ; however. Hooker. See Though. ALTIGRADE, al'-te-grade. a. [alius and gradior, Lat.] Rising on high. Diet. ALTFLOQUENCE^l-tilMo-kwense. 9B.n.s. [alius, and loquor, Lat.] Pompous language. ALTFMETRY,al-tlm'-me-tre. 518. n.s. ^aUimetria, Lat.] The art of measuring altitudes. ALTFSONANT, al-uV-so-nant. 518. ) a. [altisenus, ALTFSONOUS, al-t?3'-s6-nus. 614. \ Lat.] Pom- pous or lofty in sound. Evelyn. ALTITUDE, al'-te-tode. n.s. {.dtitudo, Lat.] Height of place. Sluik. The elevation of any of the heavenly bodies above the horizon. Brown. Situation with regard to lower things. Ray. Height of excellence. Swift. Height of degree. Shakspeare. ALTl'VOLANT, al-flv'-vd-lant, 88. a. [altivolans, Lat.] High flying. Diet. ALTOGETHER, ai-tO-geTH'-ur. ad. Completely ; without restriction. Spenser. Conjunctly. Shak. ALTO-RELIEVO*, al'-to-re-lee'-vo. n.s. [Ital.] That kind of relievo, in sculpture, which projects as much as the life. Hay. A'LUDEL,a.Y-u-d&\. n.s. [from a and lutum.'] AIu- dels are subliming pots used in chymistry, without bottoms, and fitted into one another without luting Quincy. ALVEARY*, aF-ve-a-re n. s. [alvearium, Lat.] A beehive. Barret. ALUM§, al'-lum. n.s. [alumen, Lat.] A mineral salt, of an acid taste, with a considerable degree of astringency. Boyle. ALUM STONE, al'-lum-st6ne. n.s. A stone or calx used in surgery. Wiseman. ALUMED*, aF-lum'd. a. Mixed with alum. Barret. ALUMINOUS, al-lu'-me-nus. a. Relating to alum. Brown. ALUMISH*, aF-lum-?sh. a. Having the nature of alum. Hist. Royal Society. ALUTATION*, al-u-ta'-shun. n. s. [alula, Lat.] The tanning or dressing of leather. Diet. ALWAYS, al'-waze. 81. ad. Perpetually. Hooker. Constantly. Dryden. Sometimes written alway. A. M. Artium magister, or master of arts. Ante me~ ridiem, i. e. before twelve o'clock at noon. AM, am. The first person of the verb to be. Exodus. See To Be. AMABFLITY, am-a-bll'-e-te 511, 527. n. s. [amabiU itas, Lat.] Loveliness; the power of pleasing. Bp Taylor. AMADETTO, am-a-deY-t6. n. s. A sort of pear. A'MADOT, am'-a-ddt. 503. n. s. A sort of pear. AMA'IN, a-mane'. ad. With vehemence j with vig- our; violently. Shakspeare. AMALGAM §, a-mal'-gam. ) n. s. [amalgame, AMA'LGAMA,&-maY-gk-m$L.84. $ Fr.] The mix- ture of metals procured by amalgamation. B. Jons. To AMALGAMATE, a-mal'-ga-mate. v. a. To unite metals with quicksilver ; to make them soft and ductile. Burke. AMALGAMATION, a-mal-ga-ma'-shun. 84. [See Alteration.] n. s. The act of amalgamating metals. Bxcon. To AMALGAME* a-mal'-game. v. n. Tc mix metals by amalgamation. Chaucer. To AMA'ND*, a-mand'. v. a. [amando, Lat.] To send one away. Cockeram. AMANDATION, am-an-da'-shun. 527. n. s. Send ing on a message. AMANUE'NSIS, a-man-u-en'-sfc n. s. [Lat.] A person who writes what another dictates ; or copies what has been written. Burton. A'MARANTH, am'-a-rantfi. n. s. [amaranthus Lat.] The name of a plant. In poetry, an im- aginary flower which never fades. Milton. AMARA'NTHFNE^m-a-ran'-tfiin. 150. a. Consist ing of amaranths. Pope. &J= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, pronounce the i in the last syllable of this word short, aa it is here marked. W. AMARITUDE, a-mar'-re-tude. 81. n. s. [amaritudo, Lat.] Bitterness. Harvey. AMARULENCE, a-mar^u-lense. 110. n. s. Bitter- ness. Diet. AMARULENT*, a-mar'-u-leut. a. Litter. AMA'SMENT, a-mas'-ment. n. s. A heap j an ac- cumulation. Glanville. AMB AMB [TJF559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met ; — pine, pin ;- To AMA'SS §, a- mas', v. a. [amasser, Fr.] To col- lect in one heap or mass. Atterbury. To add one thing to another. Broion. AMA'SS, a-mas'. n. s. [amas, Fr.] An assemblage Wotton. To AMA'TE, a-mate'. v. n. [See Mate.] To ac company. Spenser. Ob. J. To terrify ; to strike with horrour. [matter, old Fr. mactare, Lat.] Spen sei' To perplex ; to discourage ; to puzzle, [ama tis, old Fr. fatiguer.] Spenser. An old word. AMATEUR*, am-a-uW. [am-a-tiW. Perry.] n. s, [Fr.] A bver of any particular pursuit or sys- tem. Burlce, ft*T As this is a French word, it will be expected that every polite speaker should give the last syllable the French sound : that which I have given, though not the exact pronunciation, approaches nearest to it. W. AMATO'RCULIST, am-a-t6r'-ku-l?st. n. s. [ama- torcuhis, LatJ A little insignificant lover. Diet. AMATO'RIAL* am-a-ti'-re-al. ) a. Relating to AMATO'RIOUS* am-a-uV-re-us. $ love. Warton. A'MATORY, am'-a-tur-re. 512, 555. a. [amatorius, Lat.l Relating to love ; causing love. Bp. Bramliall. AMAURO' S/^am-aw-ro'-sfs. 520. n.s. [anavpdu.] A dimness of sight. Quincy. To AMA'ZE §, a-maze'. v. a. [from a and maze.] To confuse with terrour. Ezek. xxxii. To put into confusion with wonder. Smith. To put into per- plexity. Shakspeare. AMA'ZE, a-maze'. n. s. Astonishment ; confusion, either of fear or wonder. Milton. AMA/ZEDLY, a-ma'-zSd-le. 364. ad. Confusedly ; with amazement. Sliakspeare. AMA'ZEDNESS, a-ma'-zed-nes. 365. n. s. Astonish- ment. Shakspeare. AMA'ZEMENT, a-maze'-ment. n.s. Extreme fear; horrour. Spenser. Extreme dejection. Milton Height of admiration. Waller. Astonishment. Acts. AMA^ZING, a-ma/-zfng. participial a. Wonderful Addison. AMA'ZINGLY, a-ma'-zlng-le. ad. Wonderfully Watts. AMAZON, am'-a-zfin. 166. n. s. [a and palos] A race of women famous for valour, who inhabited Caucasus ; so called from their cutting off their breasts, to use their weapons better. A warlike woman ; a virago. Shakspeare. 05" This word has the accent on the first syllable, con- trary to the Latin original, which has it on the second; while the word Ambages has the same penultimate accent as in Latin. W. AMAZONIAN*, am-a-z6'-ne-an. a. Warlike. Sir T. Herbert. Relating to the Amazonians. Milton. A'MAZON-LIKE*, am'-a-zun-llke. a. Resembling an Amazon. Bp. Hall. AMBAGES, am-ba'-jez. 503. n.s. [Lat.] A circuit of words ; a circumlocutory form of speech. Cluxucer. AMBAGIOUS, am-ba'-je-us. a. Circumlocutory; perplexed; tedious. Diet. AMBASS VDE,am-bas-sade'. n.s. [ambassade, Fr.] Embassy. Shakspeare. Ob. J. AMBA'SSADOUR^, am-bas'-sa-dur. 418. n.s. [am- bassadeur, Fr.] A person sent in a publick manner from one sovereign power to another. Shakspeare. AMBASSADRESS, am-bas'-sa-dres. n. s. The lady of an ambassadour. Roice. A'MBASSAGE, am / -bas-saje. 90. n.s. An embassy. Bacon. A'MBASSY*, am'-bas-se. n. s. An embassy. Mir. A'MBER §, am'-bur. 98. n. s. [ambar, Arab.] A yellow transparent substance, of a gummous or bituminous consistence, but a resinous taste, and a smell like oil of turpentine ; chiefly found in the Baltick sea, along the coasts of Prussia. Cfiambers. A'MBLR, am'-b&r. a. Consisting 1 of amber. Shak. To A'MBER*, am'-bur. v. a. To scent with amber. Beaumont and Fletcher. A'MBER-DRINK, am'-bur-drmk. n. s. Drink of the colour of amber. Bacon. A'MBER-DROPPING*, am'-bur-dr6p-pmg. part. a. Dropping amber. Milton. A'MBERGRIS, am'-bfir-grese. 112. n.s. \amber and gris.] A fragrant drug, of a grayish colour, used both as a perfume and a cordial. Chambers. A'MBER-SEED, am'-bur-seed. n. s. Called also musk-seed. It resembles millet. A'MBER-TREE, am'-bur-tree. n. s. A shrub whose beauty is in its small evergreen leaves, which emit, when bruised, a very fragrant odour. A'MBER- WEEPING* am'-bur-weep-lng. a. [am- ber and weep.] Crasliaw. AMBIDEXTER, am-be-dex'-ter. n. s. [Lat.] A man having equally the use of both hands. Broun. Equally ready to act on either side, in disputes. Gamage AMBIDEXTE'RITY, am-be-dex-ter'-re-te. n. s Ability to use both hands equally. Double dealing-. AMBIDE'XTROUS, am-be-dex'-trus. a. Having the use of either hand. Broum. Double dealing U Estrange. AMBIDE'XTROUSNESS, am-be-deV-trus-nes. n. s. The quality of being ambidextrous. Diet. A'MBIENT, am'-be-ent. a. [ambiens, Lat.] Sur- rounding ; encompassing. Milton. A'MBIGU, am'-be-gu. n.s. [Fr.] A medley of dishes set on together. King. AMBIGUITY, am-be-gu'-e-te. n.s. Doubtfulness of meaning. Hooker. AMBFGUOUS §, am-blg'-u-us. a. [ambiguus, Lat.] Doubtful ; having two meanings. Milton. Applied to persons using doubtful expressions. Dryden. AMBFGUOUSLY, am-big'-u-Qs-le. ad. Doubtfully j uncertainly. Bp. Bancroft. AMBFGUOUSNESS, am-bfg'-u-us-nes. n. s. Un* certainty of meaning. AMBFLOGY, am-biF-16-je. 518. n. s. [ambo, Lat and \oyog, Gr.] Talk of ambiguous signification. Diet. AMBFLOQUOUS, am-bflM6-kwus. 518. a. [amJjo and loquor, Lat.] Using ambiguous expressions Diet. AMBFLOQUY, am-bll'-6-kwe. n.s. The use rf doubtful expressions. Diet. A'MBIT, am'-bi't. 71. s. [ambitus, Lat.] The compass or circuit of any thing. Grew. AMBFTION$, am'-Msh-un. 507. n.s. [ambitio Lat.] The desire of something higher than is pos- sessed. Sidney. The desire of any thing great or excellent. Davies. Going about with sludiousness to obtain praise, [ambio, Lat.] Milton. AMBFTIOUS, am-bfsh'-us. 459. a. Seized with am bition. Donne. Aspiring. Shakspeare. AMBFTIOUSLY^m-bW-us-le. ad. In an ambi tious manner. Dryden. AMBFTIOUSNESS, am-blsh'-us-nes. n. s. The quality of being ambitious. A'MBITUDE, am'-be-tude. 463. n. s. Compass; circuit. Diet. To A'MBLE $, am'-bl. 405. v. n. [ambler, Fr.] To move upon an amble. Dryden. To move easily. Shak. To walk daintily and affectedly. Shakspeare. A'MBLE, am'-bl. 405. n. s. A pace or movement, in which the horse removes both his legs on one side Chaucer. A'MBLER, am'-blur. 98. n. s. A pacer. Howell. A'MBLINGLY, am'-blkg-le. ad. With an ambling movement. A'MBO*, am'-b6. n.s. [aufav, Gr.] A reading desk, or pulpit. Sir G. Wheler. AMBRO'SIA, am-br6'-zhe-a. 505. n. s. [auPpoala, Gr.] The imaginary food of pretended gods. Mil- ton. The name of a plant, formerly written am- brose. Burton. Miller. ft^Mr. Sheridan has pronounced this and the following word am-bro-sha, and am-bro-shal. Dr. Kenrick has divided them into the same number of syllables, but has given the s the fiat aspiration, like ih. That this is the true sound, see letter S, No. 453 ; and vhat these words ought to be divided into four syllables, see Syl- labication, No. 542, 543. TV. AMBROSIAL, am-br6' zhe-al. a. Of the nature of ambrosia. Milton, 84 AME AMI -n6, move, nor, not ; — lube, tub, bull ;— oil ; — pound ; — Ih'm, THis. AMBRO'SIACK* am-bnV-zhe-ak. a. Delicious, like ambrosia, 2?. Jonson. AMBRO'SIAN* am-bro ; -zhe-an. a. Sweet as am- brosia, B. Jonson. A'MBRY, aW-bre. n. s. The place where the almo- ner lives, or alms are distributed. The place where utensils for house-keeping are kept ; a cup- board for keeping cold victuals. See Almonry. AMBS-ACE, amz'ase'. 347. n. s. A double ace ; when two dice turn up the ace. Sluikspeare. To A'MBULATE^*, am'-bu-late. v. n. [ambulo, LaL] To move hither and thither. Gower. AMBULATION, am-bu-la'-shun, n. s, The act of walking. Broxcn. A'MBULATIVE*,am / -bu-la-tlv. a. Walking. Sher- wood. AMBULATORY, am'-bu-la-tur-re, 512. a. Having the power of-walking. WilJtins. That which hap- pens during a passage or walk. Wotton. Mova- ble ; a court which removes from place to place for the exercise of its jurisdiction. Howell. AMBULATORY*, am'-bu-la-tur-re. n. s. A place for walking. Warton. AMBLRY^am'-bu-re. n. s. [amppe, Sax.] A bloody wart on any part of a horse s bod}'. AMBUSCADE, am-bus-kade / . n. s. [embuscade, Fr.] A private station in which men lie to surprise others 9 ambush, Druden. See Ambush. AMBUSCA'BO, ani-bus-ka'-do. 77. n. s. A private post, in order to surprise an enemv. Sluikspeare. AMBUSCA'DOED* am-bus-ka'-dode. a. Privatelv posted. Sir T Herbert. AMBUSH?, am'-b&sh. 175. n. s. {embusche, Fr.] The post where soldiers are placed, in order to fall un- expectedly upon an enemy. Hay ward. The act of surprising another by lying in wait. Milton. The state of being posted privately, in order to surprise. To A'MBUSH*, am'-bush. v. a. To place in ambush. Sir T. Herbert AMBUSHED, am'-bush-ed. 359. a. Placed in am- bush. Bn/den. A'MBUSHMENT, am'-bush-menL n. s. Ambush . surprise. Spenser. Ob. J. Ambush 1 ment, in poetry.. AMBUST§, am-busf. a. [ambustus, Lat.] Burnt ; scalded. Diet. AMBU'STION, am-bus'-tshun. 4G4. n. s. A burn, or scald. Did. Cockeram. A' MEL, am'-mel. n. s. \emailler, email, Fr.] The matter for enamelling. Boyle. To AMELIORATED, a-meMe-6-rate. v. a. [ame- liorer, Fr.] To improve. Swinburne. AMELIORATION*, a-me-le-6-ra / -shun. n s. Im- provement. A. Smith. Burke. A'MELLED*, am'-mel-ed. part. a. Enamelled. G. Chapman. See Enamel, A' MEN, a'-meV. ad. [|g«, Heb.] A term used in devotions, meaning, at the end of a prajer, so belt; at the end of a creed, 50 it is. Psalm xli. £0=This is the only word in the language that has neces- sarily two consecutive accents. — See Principles, No. • 491. TV. AME'N*. a'-men'. n. s. These things saith the Amen. Rev. iii. 14. AME N ABLE, a-me'-na-bl. 405. a. Responsible. Sir J. Davics. To A 'MENAGE*, am'-e-naje. 11. a. [ameaeir, Fr.] To direct or manage by force. Spenser. A'MENANCE. a-me'-nanse. n.s. [amesnus. Lat.] Conduct ; behaviour ; mien. Spenser. Ob. J. 2 1 oAME'ND§, a-mend'. v. a. \emendo, Lat.] To correct. Wickliffe. To reform the life. Jerem. To restore passages in writers, which are depraved. Waburton. To AME'ND, a-mend'. v.n. To grow better. Sidney. AME'NDABLE* a-meud'-a-bl. a. Reparable. Slier- wood. AMENDE, a-mSnd'. n.s. [Fr.] A fine, by which recompense is made for the iault committed. AME'NDER, a-meV-d&r. 98. n. s. A corrector. Barret. AME'NDFUL*, a-mend'-ful. a. Full of improve- ment. Beaumont and Fletcher. 8 AMENDIN G*, a-mend'-frig. n. s. The act of cor- recting. Bp. Taylor. AMENDMENT, a-mend'-ment. n. s. A change from bad to better. Dn/den. Reformation of life. Hooker. Recovery of "health. Shakspeare. AMENDMENT, a-mend'-ment. n. s. In law the cor- rection of an errour committed ia a process. Blount. AME'NDS, a-mendz'. n. s. [Corrupted from amende, Fr.] Recompense 5 compensation. Shakspeare. AME'NITY, a-men'-ne-te. 511. n. s. [ameenitiis. Lat.] Pleasantness; agreeableness of situation. Brown. Applied also to manners or behaviour. AMENTACEOUS, a-men-ta'-shus. 357. a. [amenta- tus, Lat.] Hanging as by a thread. Miller. AME'NTY*, a-men'-te. n. s. \amenUe, Fr.] Madness. Diet. To AME'RCE §, a-merse'. v. a. [a^ercier. Fr.] To punish with a pecuniary penalty. Bp. Ellys. AME'RCEABLE*, a-merse'-a-bl. a. Liable to amercement. Hale, AME'RCEMENT, a-merse'-ment. n. s. The pecu- niary punishment of an offender. Cowel. Punish- ment or loss in general. Milton. AME RCER, a-meV-sur. 98. n. s. He that sets a fine upon any misdemeanour. AMERCIAMENT* a-mereh'-e-a-ment, * s. The same as amercement in the juridical sense. Selden. AME'RICAN* a-mer'-re-kan. n.s. A native of America. Milton. AME'RICAN*, a-mey-re-kan. a. Relating to Ameri- ca, Sir T. Herbert. AMES-ACE, amz-ase'. n.s. [a corruption of the word ambs-ace.'] Two aces on two dice. Dryden. A'MESS, am'-mes. ?i.s. [from amice.] A priest's vest ment Diet. AMETHO'DICAL, a-me-tfzod'-e-kal. a. Out of method ; irregular. AMETHODIST* a-me^-6-dist. n. s. [See .Meth- odist.] A physician wlio does not practise by the- orv 5 a quack. Wliitlock. A'METHYST§, anV-e-^lst. n. s. [antQvc-os] A precious sione of a violet colour, bordering on pur- ple. Chambers. A'METHYST, am'-e-f/ust, [in heraldry] signifies the same colour in a nobleman's coat, that purpure does in a gentleman's. AMETHYSTINE, am-e-tfuV-tln. 140. a. Resem- bling an amethyst in colour. Grew. A ; AHABLE$ a'-me-a-bl. 405. a. [aimable, Fr.] Love ly ; pleasing. Hooker. Pretending love ; snowing love. Shak. Pleasant 5 elegant to the eye. Sir T. Herbert. Friendly. Ld. Herbert. A'ML4.BLENESS, a/-me-a-bl-nes. n. s. Loveliness Burton. A'MI ABILITY*, a'-me-a-bll'-le-te. See Am abil- ity. A'MIABLY, a'-me-a-ble. ad. In an amiable manner. BlackwalL Pleasingly. Sir T. Herbert. A'MICABLES, am'-me-ka-bl. 405. a. Friendly; kind. Pope. A'MICABLENESS, am'-me-ka-bl-nes. n.s. Friend- liness ; good will. A'lMICABLY, anV-e-ka-ble. ad. In an amicable manner. Philips. A'MICE, am'-mis. 142. n.s. \amictus, Lat.] The, first or undermost part of a priest's habit, over which he wears the alb. Milton. AMID, a-mld'. )prep. [on-mibban, Sax.l In AMFDST.a-mfdst 7 . $ ihe midst. Milton. Mingled with. Sidney. Amongst. Addisrm. AMFSS, a-nuV. ad. Faulty ; criminal. Shale. Fault- ily; criminally. Hooker. In an ill sense. Fair fax. Wrong"; improper. Hooker. Not according to the perfection of the thing, whatever it be. Dry- den. Reproachful; irreverent. Daniel, iii. Im- paired in health. AMl'SS*, a-nuV. n. s. Culpability; fault. Shak. AMISSION, a-mlsh'-un. n. s. [amissio, Lat.] Loss. More. roAMlXa-nuV. v. a. To lose. Brcnon. Little in use. AMO am a O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;- —me, met 5 — pine, pin 5— A'MITY, am'-me-te. 511. n. s. [amitie, Fr.] Friend- ship. Hooker. AMMIRAL* am'-me-ral.^ See Admiral. AMMO'NIA, am-md'-ne-a. n. s. Volatile alkali. Par fas' Chymistry. AMMONFAC*, am-mo'-ne-ak. 505. n.s. The name of two drugs, Gum Ammoniac, and Sal Ammoniac. Cliambers. AMMONFACAL, am-mo-nV-a-kal. 506. a. Having the properties of ammoniac salt. Arbuthnot. AMMUNITION, am-mu-nlsb/-&n. n. s. [inunitio.] Military stores. Bacon. AMMUNITION BREAD, am-mu-n?sh'-un-br£d. n. s. Bread for the armies or garrisons. A'MNESTY, am'-nes-te. n. s. [auv^Tia.] An act of oblivion. Bp. Sanderson. AMNFCOLIST, am-nlk'-k6-llst. n. s. {amnicola, Lat j Inhabiting near a river. Diet. AMNFGENOUS^am-nld'-je-nus. 314. n.s. [amnige- nus, Lat.] Born of a river. Diet. A'MNION^m'-nh-bn. )n. s. [Gr.] The inner- A'MNTOS, aW-ne-os. 166. ) most membrane with which the foetus in the womb is covered. Quincy. AMO 1 MUM, a-mi'-mum. n. s. [Lat.] A sort of fruit of a hot spicv taste and smell. Chambers. AMO'NG, a-mung'. > 165. prep. [aman£, £e- AMO'NGST, a-mungst'. 5 man£, Sax.] Minded with. Bacon. Conjoined with others. Dryden. A'MORET*, am/-6-ret. n. s. [amoretto, Ital.] A lover. Gat/ton.. AMORETTE*, am-6-ret'. > n. s. An amorous AMOURETTE*, am-od-ret'.^ woman. Clmucer. Love-knots, or flowers. Chaucer. Petty amours. Walsh. A'MORIST, a.ny-6-rfst. n. s. An inamorato 3 a gal- lant. Stafford. AMORNINGS*, a-mSr'-nmgs. ad. In the mornings. Beaumont and Fletcher. AMORO'SA*, im-o-ro'-sa. n. s. [Ital.] A wanton, Sir T. Herbert. AMORO'SO, am-o-ro'-sd. n. s. [Ital] A man en- amoured, Gaytxm. A'MOROUSS, am / -6-rns. 544. a. In love ; enamour- ed. Shale. Naturally inclined to love. Dryden. Relating to love. Shakspeare. A'MOROUSLY, am'-o-rus-le. ad. Fondly 5 lovingly. Donne. A'MOROUSNESS, am'-o-rus-nes. n. s. The quality of being amorous', fondness) lovingness. Sidney. AMO'RFHOUS*, a-mdr'-f us. a. Shapeless. AMQ'RPHY*, a-mdr'-fe. n.s. [jiopt^and the a priv- ative, Gr.] Departure from established form. Sivift. AMO'RT, a-mSrt'. ad. [a la mori, Fr.] In the state of the dead; dejected. Sluikspeare. AMORTIZATION, a-mor-te-za'-shun. ) „ - AMORTIZEMENT, a-mdr'-tlz-ment. \ n - s - [amortissement, Fr.] The right of transferring lands to mortmain ; that is, to some community that never is to cease. Ayliffe. To AMORTIZE^, a-mSr'-tlz. 140. v. a. To alien lands or tenements to any corporation, and their successors. Bacon. 33=1 have made the last syllable of this word short, con- trary to Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation of it, not only be- cause it is so pronounced by Mr. Scott and Dr. Kenrick, but because it is agreeable to the general rule. W. AMOTION*, a-mc/-shun. n. s. [amotio, Lat.] Re- moval. T. Warton. AMO'VAL*, a-moo'-val. n. s. Total removal. Evehtn. To AMO'VE §, a-m66ve'. v. a. [amoveo, Lat.] To remove from a post or station: a juridical sense. Hale. To remove ; to move. Spenser. To AMO'UNT^, a-mount'. v. n. [monter, Fr.] To rise to in the accumulative quantity ; to compose in the whole. Bwnet. The consequence rising from any thing taken altogether. Bacon. To mount upwards. Obsolete. Peaclmm. AMO'UNT, a-mdunt', n.s. The sum total. Thom- son. AMO'UR, a-mftSr 7 . n. s. [amour, Fr.] An affair of gallantry ; an intrigue. South. A'MPER, anV-p&r. 98. n.s. th innamr [ampjie, Sax.] A tu- mour, w.tn inflammation. AMPHFBIOUS§,am-fuV-e-us. a. [^ and /J/ 0? .] That which lives in two elements, as in air and water. Hudihras. Locke. Of a mixed nature. Swift AMPHFBIOUSNESS, am-f 'b'-e-us-ncs. n. s. Th* quality of being able to live in different elements. AMPHIBIUM*, am-flb'-e-um. n.s. That which lives as well on water as on land. Sir T. Herbert. AMPHIBOLOGICAL, am-^-b6-lod / -je-kal. 509. a. Doubtful. Burton. AMPHIBOLO'GICALLY, am-fe-b6-l6d'-je-kal-le. ad. Doubtfully. AMPHIBOLOGY §, am-fe-b6l / -6-je. n. s. [S^ifa Xoyia.'] Discourse of uncertain meaning. Chaucer. AMPHFBOLOUS, am-ffb'-b6-lus. a. [fy" preservative; a thing hung about the neck," for preventing or curing ' Broicn. 86 ANA ANA -n}r m .] A monk, who leaves the convent for a solitary life. Donne. ANACHORE'TICAL* an-a-k6-reV-e-kal. a. Re- lating to an anachorete or hermit. Bp. Taylor. AN A'CHRONISM $, an-ak'-kro-nlzm. n. s. [from dvd and xp6vo$.] Errour in computing time. Dry den. AN A'CHRONI'STICK*, an-ak'-kri-iuV-tlk. a. Con- taining an anachronism. Warlon. ANACLA'TICKS, an-a-klat'-iks. n. s. [dvd anc *Aaw.] The doctrine of refracted light ; diop tricks. ANACOENO'SISX^n-i-sk-nV-sh. n. s. [avaKoiva- cts, Gr.J A figure in rhetorick, by which the speak- er applies to his opponents for their opinion upon the point in debate. Walker. ANACREO'NTIQUE*,?L-i&k-rli-&n>-tik. n. s. A little poem in the manner of Anacreon. Johnson. A'NADEME*, an'-a-deme. n. s. [avadrjpa, Gr.] Crown of flowers. Drayton. ANADIPLOSIS, an-a-de-pld'-sfe. 520. n. s. [dva- <5i7rAu>£i?.] Reduplication ; a figure in rhetorick. ANAGLYPH* an'-a-glif. n. s. [dvd and jAityw, Gr.] An ornament effected by sculpture. ANAGLY'PTICK*, an-a-glip'-tlk. n. s. What re- lates to the art of carving, chasing, engraving - , or embossing plate. Evelyn. ANAGOGE ; TICAL, an-a-go-jet'-e-kal. a. [dva- ywyv.] Mysterious ; elevated above humanity. Diet. ANAGO'GICAL, an-a-godje'-e-kal. a. Mysterious ; elevated ; religiously exalted. Cockeram. ANAGO'GICALLY, an-a-g&dje'-e-kal-le. ad. Mys- teriously. ANAGO'GICKS*, an-a-godje'-fks. n. s. Mysterious considerations. L. Addison. A'N AGRAM §, an'-a-gram. n. s. [dvd and ypduua.] A conceit arising from the letters of a name transpos- ed 5 as this, of vV, i, I, I, i, a, m, N, 0, y, attorney- general to Charles 1., a very laborious man, Imoyl in law. Donne. ANAGRAMMA'TICAL*, an-a-gram-mat'-e-kal. a. Forming - an anagram. Camden. ANA GRAMMATICALLY*, an-a-gram-mat'-e- kal-e. ad. In the manner of an anagram. Gaxjton. ANAGRA'MMATISM, an-a-gram'-ma-tizm. 431, A n. s. The act of making anagrams. Camden. ANAGRA'MMATIST, an-a-gram'-ma-dst. n. maker of anagrams. Gamage. To ANAGRA'MMATIZE, an-a-gram'-ma-tlze. b, n. To make anagrams. Sir T. Herbert. A'NALECTS*, an'-a-lekts. Collections or fragments of authors ; select pieces. ANALEPTICK, an-a-Iep'-tlk. a. {avaK^rUo^ Comforting - ; corroborating : a term of physick. Quincy. ANA'LOGAL, an-alM6-gal. a. Analogous ; having relation. Hale. ANALOGICAL, an-a-tidje'-e-kal. a. Used by way of analogy. Stillingjleet. Analogous. Hale. ANALOGICALLY, an-a-l&dje'-e-kal-e. ad. In an analogous maimer. Potter. ANALO'GICALNESS, an-a-lodje'-e-kal-nk. n.s The quality of being analogical. ANA'LOGlSM, an-aP-ld-jfzm. n. s. An argument from the cause to the effect. 87 ANA ANC (0= 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m£t ; — pine, pin To ANALOGIZE, a-nal'-lo-jlze. v. a. To explain by way of analogy. Cheyne. ANALOGOUS, a-nal'-lb-gus. 314. a. Having analo- gy; bearing some resemblance. Arbut'anot. ANALOGOUSLY*, a-naF-16-gus-le. ad. In an analogous manner. SkeLton. ANALOGY §, a-nal'-li-je. 518. n.s. [avakoyia] The similitude of relations. Hooker. By gramma- rians, it is used to signify the agreement of several words in one common mode ; as, from love is form- ed loved. ANALYSIS §, a-nalMe-sis. 520. n. s. A separation of a compound bodv into the several parts of which it consists. Arbuthnoi. A consideration of any thing in parts. Newton. A solution of any thing lb its first elements. Glanville. ANALYST*, an'-a-llst. n. s. He who analyzes a thing. Bp. Berkeley. ANALYTICAL, au-a-hY-te-kal. a. That which re- solves any thing into first principles. Boyle. That which proceeds by analysis. Glanville. ANALYTICALLY, an-a-hV-te-kal-le. ad. In such a manner as separates compounds into simples. Oldisworth. ANALY'TICK. an-a-tiY-fk. a. The manner of re- solving compounds into the simple constituent parts. Waits. ANALY'TICK*, an-a-hV-k. n.s. Analytick method. Milton. To ANALY'ZE $, an'-a-llze. v. a. OaAOw.] To re- solve a compound into its first principles. Boyle. ANALYZER, an'-a-li-zur. 98. n. s. That which has the power of analyzing. Boyle. He who analyzes. Student. ANAMORPHO'SIS, an-a-mor-fo'-sls. n. s. [&vd and /xopipdu.] Deformation; a perspective projec- tion of any thing, so that to the eye, at one point of view, it shall appear deformed, m another, an ex- act representation. #C?* I have accented this word on the penultimate, as Dr. Johnson and Mr. Sheridan have done ; as it is a techni cal word, and not naturalized, like 7netamo?phosis. — S& Principles, No. 520. W. ANA 1 N AS, a-na/-nas. n. s. The pine apple. Miller. ANA'NAS, wild, a-na/-nas. n. s. The same with penguin. A'NAPEST* an'-a-pest. n.s. [ava^aiaros, Gr.] A metrical foot, containing two short syllables and one long ; or a dactyle reversed. Sir J. Davies. AN APE'STICK* an-a-pes'-uk. a. Relating to the anapest. Bentley. AN APE'STICK*, an-a-pSs'-tlk. n.s. The anapestick measure. Bentley. ANA'PHORA, a-naf-f6-ra. 92. n. s. [avatyopa.'] A figure, when several clauses of a sentence are be- gun with the same word or sound. AN APLERO'TICK, an-a-ple-rot'-fk. a. [avari^d*.] That which fills up any vacuity. A'NARCH $, an'-ark. 353. n.s. An author of confu- sion. Milton. ANARCHICAL, an-ar'-ke-kal. a. Confused; with- out rule or government. Howell. ANARCHICK*,an4r / -kIk. a. Without rule. Burke. A'NA RCHISM* an'-ar-klzm. n. s. Confusion. Sir E. Dering. A'NARCEilST*, dn'-ar-Hst. n. s. Pie who occasions confusion, who lives without submission to rule, or who defies government. Tooke. ANARCHY, an'-ar-ke. n. s. [avap X ia.] Want of government ; a state in which every man is unac- countable. Milton. INASA'RCA, an-a-sar'-ka. 92. n. s. [dva, and catf] A sort of dropsy of the whole body. Quincy. LNASARCOUS, an-a-sar'-kfis. a. Relating to an anasarca. Wiseman. 1NASTOMATICK, an-as-t6 mat'-Sk. a. [avu> and ffrdjua.] That which has the quality of removing obstructions. ANAS TOMO 1 SIS, an-as-t6-m6'-sk n. s. The inosculation of vessels, or the opening of one vessel into another; as, of the arteries into the veins* ANA' STROPHE, a-naV-tr6-fe. 518. n.s. [dva^ rpoiprj.'] A figure whereby words, which should have been precedent, are postponed. Peacham Walker. ANA'THEMA, a-na^-e-ma. 92. n.s. [iivad^a Gr.] A curse pronounced by ecclesiastical author ity; excommunication. South. Anglicised, and written anatheme. Sheldon. The object of the curse, or person cursed. ANATHEMA'TICAL, an-a-tfje-maV-e-kah 509. a. That which has the properties of an anathema. ANATHEMA'TICALLY, an-a-*/ie-mat'-e-kal-le, ad. In an anathematical manner. ANATHEMATIZATION*, an-a^-c-ma-te-za'- shfin. n. s. An extreme cursing. Cotgrave. To ANATHEMATIZE, an-a^-e-ma-tize. v. a. To pronounce accursed. Hammond. ANATHEMATIZER*, an-atfi'-e-ma-tl-zur. n. s. He who pronounces an anathema. Hammond. ANATFFEROUS, an-a-tif-fe-rus. a. [anas, and fero, Lat.l Producing ducks. Brown. ANA'TOCISM, a-nat'-ti-s'izm. n. s. [anatocismus, Lat.] The accumulation of interest upon interest. ANATO'MICAL, an-a-tom'-e-kal. a. Relating or belonging to anatomy. Watts. Proceeding upon Principles taught in anatomy. Swift. Anatomized, .~] A disease of the arteries, in which they become ex- cessively dilated. Sharp hi* Is ad. Over again. Dryden. Newly, ad. [nepeft, [anfrac- tus, Lat.] ANE'W, a-ni Rogers. ANF/WST*,or ANEUST*, a-nuste'. Sax.] Nearly ; almost. AN FR A'CT LOSE , an-frak'-tshu-ose ANFRA'CTUOUS, an-frak'-tshu-us. Winding ; mazy. Ray. ANFRA'CTUOUSNESS,an frak'-tshu-ns-ngs^Gl. > ANFRACTUO'SITY, an-fruk-tshu-os'-e-te. ) n. s. Fulness of windings and turnings. Rabelais. ANFRA'CTURE, an-frak'-tshure. n. s. A mazy winding. Diet. ANGARIA'TION*, an-gar-e-a'-shun. n.s. [anga- rio, Lat.] Exertion. Bp. Hall. A'NGEL§, ane'-pj. 542. [See Change.] n. s. [« r yeXos, Gr.] Originally a messenger. A spirit em- ployed by God in human affairs. Locke. Sometimes used in a bad sense ; as, angels of darkness. Revela- tion. Angel, in Scripture, sometimes means man of God.propliet. A beautiful person. Sliak. A mes- senger of any kind. B. Jonson. A piece of money im- pressed with an angel, rated at ten shillings. Bacon. A'NGEL, ane'-jel. a. Resembling- angels ; angelical. Shakspeare. A'NGEL-AGE*, ane'-jel-aje. n. s. The existence or state of ansrels. Beaumont and Fletcher. Resembling an A'NGEL-LIKE, ane'-j el-like. angel. Shakspeare. A'N GEL- WINGED*, ane'-jel-w?ng'd. a. Winged like an angel. Thomson. A'NGEL- WORSHIP*, ane'-j el-wur-shlp. n. s. The worshipping of angels. Trapp. A'NGEL-SHOT, ane'-jel-shot. n. s. [Perhaps an- gle-shot.'] Chain-shot, a cannon bullet cut in two, and the halves joined together by a chain. Did. ANGELICA. an-jel'-e-ka. 92. n. s. The name of a plant. Miller. ANGE'LICAL, an-jel'-e-kal. 509. a. Resembling angels. Raleigh. Partaking of the nature of an- gels. Milton. Belonging to angels. Wilkins. ANGE'LICALLY*, an-jeP-le-kal-e. ad. Like an ans^el. ANGE'LICALNESS, an-jel'-le-kal-nes. n. s. Re- semblance of angels. NGE'LICK, an-jel'-lik. ANGE'LICK, a an-j^l'-llk.508.a. Angelical. Spenser. A'NGELOT, an'-je-l6t. n.s. A musical instrumeit, somewhat resembling a lute. Diet. A gold coin, the value of half an angel. A cheese so called Cofgrave. A'NGER§,ang'-gur. 409, 98. n.s. Uneasiness or dis- composure of the mind, upon any injury. Locke. Pain, or smart, of a sore or swelling. Temple. Sometimes used in the plural number. Beaumont and Fletcher. To A'NGER, ang'-gur. v. a. To make angry Hooker. To make painful. Bacon. A'NGERLY, ang'-gur-le. ad. In an angry manner. Now written angrily. Shakspeare. A'NGERNESS^ang'-gur-nes. n.s. The state of be- ing angrv. MS. cited by Warion. ANGIOGRAPHY, an-je-og'-gra-fe. n. s. [ayyciov and ypd(pu).~] A description of vessels in the human bodv. ANGlO'LOGY, an-je-oK-6-je. in. s. [dyyeiov and \6yos.] A treatise of the vessels of a human bodv. ANGIOMONOSPE'RMOUS, an-je-6-m6n-6-spfif / - mus. a. [ayye7ov, fiovos, and equivalent. Raleigh. Relative y correlative. Hooker. A'NSWERABLY, an'-sfir-a-ble. ad. Suitably. Brereivood. A'NSWERABLENESS, an'-sftr-a-bl-nes. n. s. The quality of being answerable. Harmar. A'NSWERER, an'-sur-ur. 554. n. s. He that an- swers. Sidney. ANT$, ant. n.s. [eemetfe, Sax.) An emmet j apis- mire. Shakspeare. A 'NT-BEAR, ant / -bare.ra..s. An animal that feeds on ants. Rav. A'NT-HILL, ant'-hlll. > n. s. The small ANT-HILLOCK, ant-hll'-lok. ( protuberances in which ants make their nests. Ray. AN'T. A contraction for and if it. ANTAGONISMS, an-ta^-6-nkm. n. s. Contest. ANTAGONIST, an-tag'-o-nSst. n. s. One who con- tends 3 an opponent. Hooker. Contrary. Addison. In anatomy, the antagonist is that muscle which counteracts some others. Arbuthnot. ANTAGONFSTICK*, an-tag-6-n?s'-tlk. a. Contend- ing as an antagonist. B. Jonson. To ANTAGONIZE, an-tag'-o-nlze. v. n. To con- tend. ANTA'GONY§* an-tag'-o-ne. n. s. [fori and aywvia.] Contest, opposition. Milton. ANTA'LGICK, an-tal'-jik. a. [avrl and U\yo S .] That which softens pain. ANTANACLASIS, ant-a-na-kla'-sfs. n.s. [Gr.] A figure in rhetorick, when the same word is repeat- ed in a different, if not in a contrary signification. It is also a returning to the matter at tlie end of a long parenthesis. S?nith. ANTAPHRODFTICK, ant-a-fro-dft'-fe.TW.^^ and 'Ad>po5iTT}.~\ Medicines against the venereal disease. ANI'APOPLECTICK, ant-ap-pd-plek'-tik. a. Good | against an apoplexy. ANTA'RCTICK, an-tark'-tfk. a. [avrl, against, and aoKTos.] The southern pole. Milton. ANT ARTHRFTICK, ant-ar-tfirV-lk. a. [avn and apdptTcs.] Good against the gout. ANTASTHMA'TICK, ant-ast-mat'-ik. a. Good against the asthma. A'NTE, an'-te. A Latin particle signifying before, frequently used in compositions 5 as, antediluvian, before the flood. ANTEACT, an'-te-akt. n. s. A former act. Diet. ANTECEDA'NEOUS*, an-te-se-da/-ne-us. a. Go- ing before. Barrow. ToANTECE'DE^, an-t\>seWQuir6).] In an ode sung in parts, the second stanza of every three, or sometimes every second stanza. Milton. , , 4 ANTI STROPHON*, an-uV-trO-fon. n. s. A figure which repeats a word often. Milton.. ANTI STRUM A'TICK, an'-te-stru-mat'-ik. a. [avrl and struma.'] Good against the king's evil. Wiseman. ANTITHESIS, an-tfc/i'-e-sis. n. s. [avrideais.] Opposition of words or sentiments. Denham. A'NTITHETON*,?a\-tith l -h-&n. n.s. [o\vtiOitov, Gr.] An opposite. Instructions for Oratory. ANTITHETICAL*, an-te-i/iet'-e-kal. a. Placed in contrast. Mason. - ANTITRINITA'RIAN* an-te-trln-e-ta'-re-an. n. s An opposer of the doctrine of the Trinity. Pagit. A'NTITYPE, an'-te-tlpe. n.s. [ai-nYuTros.] Thai which is resembled or shadowed out by the type 94 A remedy APE APO -no, move, n3r, not;— tube, tub, bull;— 611; — pound;— tfrin, this. that of which the type is the representation. Bumet. ANTLTY'PICAL, an-te-t?p'-e-kal. a. That which relates to an antitype. ANTIVENE'REAL. anMe-ve-ne'-re-al. a. Good against the venereal disease. Wiseman. A'NTLER^ant'-lur. n. s. [andouillier,Yr.~\ Properly the first branches of a stag's horns ; but, generally, any of his branches. Broivn. A'NTLERED, ant'-ler'd. a. Furnished with antlers. Vernon. A NTO'ECl, an-tee'-sl. 296. n. s. [fori and oucia.] Those inhabitants of the earth, who live under the same meridian, and at the same distance from the equator ; the one toward the north, and the other to the south. Chambers. ANTONOMA'SIA, an-t6-n6-ma / -zhe-a. 453, 92. n. s. [avrt and ovona.') A form of speech, in which, for a proper name, is put the name of some dignity. Thus a king is called his majesty. Smith. AN'TRE, an -tur. 416. s. [antrum, Lat.] A cavern. Slmkspeare. Ob. J. A'NVIM, an'-vfl. n. s. [senpille. Sax.] The iron block on which metal is laid. S/iak. Any thing on which blows are laid. Shale. To be upon the anvil, is to be in a state of preparation. Swift. A'NVILED* an'-vifd. -part. a. Fashioned on the anvil. Beuumont and Fletcher. ANXFETY, ang-zl'-e-te. 479, 480. n. s. Trouble of mind about some future event. Tillotson. Lowness of spirits, with uneasiness of the stomach. Arbathnot. A'NXIOUS§, ank'-sh&s. 480. a. [anxius, Lat.] Dis- turbed about some uncertain event. Dry den. Careful ; unquiet. Dryden. Careful, as of a thing of gjeat importance. Locke. ANXIOUSLY, ank'-shus-le. ad. In an anxious manner. South. A'NY, en'-ne. 89. a. [ani£, eni£, Sax.] Every ; whoever he be. SJwJc. Whosoever ; whatsoever. Shak. It is used in opposition to none Dad. xxxii. ANY-WHITHER*, en'-ne-hwI T H-ur. ad. Any where. Barrow. ANY-WISE*, en'-ne-wlze. ad. In any manner. Barrow. A'ORIST, a'-o-rfst. n. s. [ddporo?.] Indefinite ; a term in the Greek grammar. Blac/cwall. AO'RTA, a-Sr'-ta. 92. n. s. [aoprh, Gr.] The great artery which rises immediately out of the left ven- tricle of the heart. Quincy. APA'CE, a-pase'. ad. Quickly ; speedily. Spe?7ser. With haste. Pope. Hastily ; with speed. Milton. APAGO'GICAL, ap-a-godie'-e-kal. a. [drayc^,.] A demonstration which does not prove the thing directly ; but shows the absurdity of denying it. Chambers. APARITHMESIS*, ap-a-rfr/i-me'-sk n. s. [d-«- pi9 iifjaii, GrJ A figure in rhetorick; enumeration. Rhetorical Grammar. (LP ART, a-part'. ad. [apart, Fr.] Separately. Raleigh. In a state of distinction. Dryden. Dis- tinctly. Raleigh. At a distance from. Shakspeare. APARTMENT, a-part'rment. n. s. A room. Sir J. Denham. APATHE'TICK*, ap-a-tfiel'-lk. a. Without feeling. Harris. A'PATHIST*, ap'-a-tfilst. n. s. A man without feel- ing. APATHFSTICAL*, ap-a-*Ms'-te-kal. a. Indiffer- ent ; unfeeling. Seward. AT ATHY §. ap'-a-tfie. n. s. [a and iraQos.] The qual- ity of not feeling. Milton. APE 6, ape. n.s. [apa, Sax.] A kind of monkey. Shak. An imitator. Shak. Formerly the term for a fool. Spenser. To APE, ape. v. a. To imitate. Dnjden. APE'AK, or APE'EK. a-peke'. ad. In a posture to pierce ; formed with a point. A'PENNINE*, ap'-en-nlne. n. s. A vast ridge of mountains running through Italy. Beaum. and Fl. A'PEPSY, ap'-ep-se. 503. n. s. [anemia.] A loss of natural concoction. Quincy. ATER, a'-per. n. s. A ridiculous imitator. APE'RIENT, a-pe'-re-ent. a. [aperio, Lat.] Gently purgative. Bacon. APE'RITIVE, a-per'-e-tfv. a. That which has the quality of opening the bowels. Harvey. APE'RT§, a-pert'. a. [apertus, Lat.] Open; with- out disguise ; evident. Fotherby. Simply, open Dalgarno. APE'RTION, a-peV-shun. n. s. An opening. Wot ton. The act of opening. Wiseman. APE'RTLY, a-pert'-le. ad. Openly. Bale. APE'RTNESS, a-pert'-nfis. n. s. Openness. Holder ATERTURE, ap'-ur-tshure. 460, 463. n. s. The act of opening. Holder. An open place. Glanville. The hole next the object glass of a telescope or microscope. Newton. Enlargement: explanation. Taylor. APE'TALOUS, a-pet'-a-los. 314. a. [a and veraXov.] Without petala or flower leaves. A'PEX, a'-pgks. n. s. [Lat.] The tip or point. B Jonson. APH^E'RESIS, a-fer'-e-s?s. 124. n. s. [acpaincms.] A figure in grammar, that takes away a letter or syllable from the beginning of a word. APHELION, a-fe'-le-un. n. s. [d-o and ?Xio S .] That part of the orbit of a planet, in which it is at the point remotest from the sun. Cheyne. APHE'TA, a-fe'-ta. n. s. The name of the planet which is the giver of life in a nativity. Did. APHE'TICAL, a-fet'-e-kal. a. Relating to the apheta. APHILANTHROPY, af-e-lan'-tfn-6-pe. n. s. [d and (piXavQpuima, Gr.] Want of love to mankind. ATHON Y, af-6-ne. n. s. [a and which any thing is called.i?roi{'ft. Appeal. B.Jonson APPE'LLATIVE, ap-pel'-la-tlv. n. s. A title, or dis- tinction. Bp. Taylor. APPE'LLATP/E*, ap-pel'-la-tlv. a. Common ; usu al. Bp. Bull. 97 APP APP inr 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met;— pine, pin;— APPE'LLATIVELY. ap-pel'-la-uV-le. ad. Accord- ing to the manner 01 nouns appellative. APPE LLATORY, ap-pel'-la-tur-e. a. That which contains an appeal. APPE'LLEE, ap-pel-lee'. n.s. One who is appealed against. Diet. To APPENDS, ap-pend'. v. a. [appendo, Lat.] To hang any thing upon another. Dr. Johnson. To add to something. Johnson. APPE'NDANCE*, ap-pen'-danse. n. s. Something annexed. Bp. Hall. APPENDAGE, ap-pen'-daje. 90. n. s. Something added. Taylor. APPENDANT, ap-pen'-dant. a. Hanging to some- thing else. Sir E. Sandys. Belonging to. Taylor. APPENDANT, ap-pen'-dant. a. Accidental or ad- ventitious. Hale. APPE'NDENCY*, ap-p&i'-den-se. n. s. That which is by right annexed. Spelman. To APPE'NDICATE, ap-pen'-de-kate. 91. v. a. To add to. Hale. APPENDICA'TION, ap-pen-de-ka'-shfin. 459. n. s. Appendage. Hale. APPE'NDFX, ap-pen'-diks. n.s. Something append- ed. Stillinsrfteet. An adjunct or concomitant. Watts. To APPERCEPVE §#, ap-per-seve'. v. n. [apperce- vxrir.] To comprehend; to understand. Chaucer. Ob. T. APPERCEFVING* ap-per-se'-ving. n. s. Percep- tion. Chaucer. APPERCEPTION*, ap-per-sep'-shun. n. s. That degree of perception, which reflects upon itself. Reid. APPE RIL*, ap-per'-rfl. n. s. Danger. Sliakspeare. To APPERTAINS, ap-per-tane'. v. n. [appartenir, Fr.] To belong to as of right. Raleigh. To belong to by nature or appointment. Hooker. APPERTA1NMENT, ap-per-uW-ment. n. s. That which belongs to an}' rank. Sliakspeare. APPE'RTENANCE, ap-per'-te-nanse. n. s. That which belongs to. Brown. To APPE'RTENANCE*, ap-per'-te-nanse. v. a. To have as right belonging. Carew. APPE'RTINENT, ap-peV-te-nent. a. Belonging. Sliakspeare. APPE'RTINENT §* ap-per'-te-nent. n. s. Any thing pertaining. Sliakspeare. ATPETENCE $, ap'-pe-tense. ) n. s. [appetence, old A'PPETENCY, ap'-pe-ten-se. \ Fr.] Carnal desire. Milton. Simply desire. Sir K. Digby. A'PFETENT*,'ap'-pe-tent. a. [appetens, Lat.] Very desirous. Sir G. Buck. A'PPETIBLE, ap'-pe-te-bl. 405. a. [appetibilis, Lat.] Desirable. Bramhall. APPETIBFLITY, ap-pet-te-blF-e-te. n. s. The qual- ity of bein^- desirable. Bramlmll. A'PPETITE§, ap'-pe-tke. 155. n. s. [appetilus, Lat.] The natural desire of good. Hooker. The desire of sensual pleasure. Shak. Violent longing. Da- vies. The thing eagerly desired. Swift. Keenness of stomach; hunger. Bacon. To A'PPETITE*, ap'-pe-tlte. v. a. To desire. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. APPETITION, ap-pe-tlsh'-un. 507. n. s. Desire. Hammond. ATPETITP7E, ap'-pe-te-tlv. a. That which desires. Hale. To APPLA'UD 5, ap-plawd ; . v. a. [applaudo, Lat.] To praise by clapping the hand. Sliak. To praise in general. Pope. APPLA'UDER, ap-plaw'-dur. 98. n. s. He that praises. Burton. APPLA'USE, ap-plawz'. n. s. Approbation loudly expressed. Sliakspeare. APPLAUSIVE*, ap-plaw'-siv. a. Applauding. Sir R. Fanshaw. ATPLE^ap'-pl. 405. n. s. [appl, seppel. Sax.] The fruit of the apple-tree. Pope. The pupil of the eye. Deut. xxxii. 10. To A'PPLE* ap'-pl. r. n. To form like an apple. Mocrslwll. A'PPLE-GRAFT, ap'-pl-graft. n. s. A twig of apple- tree grafted upon another tree. Boyle. ATPLE-HARVEST*Jip'-pl-har-vest. n.s. The time of gathering apples. B. Jonson. ATPLE-JOHN*. See John-apple. ATPLE-TREE, ap'-pl-tree. n. s. The tree produe nig apples, of which there is a great variety. Miller A'PPLE- WOMAN, ap'-pl-wum-un. n. s. A woman tnat sells apples. A'PPLE-YARD^ap'-pl-yard. n . s. An orchard. APPLFABLE, ap-pll'-a-bl. 405. a. That which may be applied. Hooker. APPLFANCE, ap-pll'-anse. n. s. The act of apply- ing. Sliakspeare. APPL1CABFLITY, ap-ple-ka-bll'-e-te. n. s. Fitness to be applied to something. More. APPLICABLE, ap'-ple-ka-bl. a. That which may be applied. Dry den.. ATPLICABLENESS, ap'-ple-ka-bl-nes. n. s. Fit- ness to be applied. Boyle. ATPLICABLY, ap'-ple-ka-ble. ad. So as to be properly applied. ATPLICANT*, ap'-ple-kant. n. s. He who applies. A PPLICATE, ap'-ple-kate. 91. n. s. A right line drawn across a curve, so as to bisect 4 he diameter thereof. Cliambers. To A'PPLICATE* ap'-ple-kate. v. a. To apply Pearson. APPLICATION, ap-ple-ka'-shfin. n. s. The act of applying; the thing applied; solicitation. Swift. The employment ol means. Hooker. In tenseness of thought. Locke. Attention to some particular affair. Addison. Reference to some case. Rogers. A'PPLICATIVE, ap'-ple-ka-tlv. 512. a. That which applies. Bramhall. A'PPLICATORILY* ap'-ple-ka-tur-re-le. ad. In a manner which applies. Montagu. A'PPl JCATORY, ap'-ple-ka-lftr-re. 512. a. That wnich comprehends the act of application. Bp. A'PPLICATORY, ap'-ple-ka-tfir-re. n. s. That which applies. Taylor. APPLPEDLY* ap-pll'-ed-le. ad. In a manner which may be applied. Montagu. APPLFER*, ap-pll'-ur. n. s. He who applies. Montagu. APPLFMENT*, ap-pll'-ment. n. s. Application. Marston. Ob. T. To APPLY 7 §, ap-pll'. v. a. [applico, Lat.] To put one thing to another. Dryden. To lay medica- ments upon a wound. Addison. To make use of as suitable. Dryden. To put to a certain use. Clarendon. To use as means. Rogers. To fix the mind upon. Prov. xxiii. To have recourse to 3 to address to. Milton. To busy ; to keep at work. Sidney. To act upon ; to ply. Spenser. To APPLY', ap-pli'. v. n. To suit ; to agree. Shak. To have recourse to. Swift. To attach by way of influence. Rogers. To APPOINTS, ap-p8?nt'. v. a. [appoinier, Fr.] To fix any thing. Galat. iv. To settle by com- pact. Gen. To establish by decree. 2 So To furnish in all points. A direct ; or rather to blame To APPOINT*, ap-pd?nt'. . Barclay. To limit, or . Milton. v. n. To decree. 2 Sam APPO'FNTER, ap-poln'-tur. 98. n. s. He that fives. Gregory. APPOINTMENT, ap-p8?nt'-ment. n. s. Stipulation. Job, ii. Decree. * Hooker. Direction ; order. Shak. Equipment. Shak. An allowance paid to any man. Hurd. APPO'RTER*, ap-por'-tfir. n. s. [apporter, Fr.] A bringer into the realm. Hale. To APPORTIONS, ap-p6re'-shun. v. a. [apportion' ner, Fr.] To set out in just proportions. Bacon. APPO'RTIONATENESS*, ap-p6re'-shun-ate-nes, n. s. Just proportion. Hammond. APPORTIONMENT, ap-p6re'-shun-ment. n. s. A dividing into portions. Chambers. APPO'RTIONER*, ap-p6re'-shun-fir. n.s. A lite- iter ; a bounder. Cotgrave. 98 APP APP -n6, mOve, n5r, not ; — tube, tub, bull 5 — oil 3-^pfiund 5-— tfiin, THis. ^APPOSES, ap-p6ze'. n. a. [apposer, Fr. aj> poflo, Lat.] To put questions to. Bacon, A latin- ism 3 to apply to. Harvey. APPO'SER,*,' ap-po'-zfir. n. 5. An inquirer 5 a questioner. A'PPOSITE, ap'-po-zJt. 156. a. Proper ; fit. Wotton. APPOSITELY, ap'-po-zit-le. ad. Properly 3 suita- bly. Harvey, A'PPOSITENESS, ap'-pd-zft-ngs. n.s. Fitness. Hale. APPOSFTION, ap-p6-zfsh'-fin. n. s. The addition of new matter. Arbuthnot. The putting of two nouns in the same case. Pearson. APPO'SITIVE*, ap-p&z'-e-tiv. a. Applicable. Knatchbull. To APPRAISE $, ap-praze'. v. a. [pretium, Lat.] To set a price upon. Bp, Hall. APPRAISER, ap-pra'-zftr, 98. n. s. He who sets a price. Green's Spleen. APPEASEMENT*, ap-praze'-ment. n. s. [For- merly and rightly, apprisement.'] Valuation. Blackst. APPR"ECA'TION§*, ap-pre-ka'-shun. n. s. [appre- cor, Lat.] Earnest pra}er. Bp. Hall. A'PPRECATORY*, ap'-pre-ka-tur-e. a. Praying or wishing any good. Bp. Hall. APPRECIABLE t,ap-pre'-she-a-bl. a. The capa- bility of being estimated. To APPRECIATE §*, ap-pre'-she-ate. v. a. [ap- precier, Fr.] To estimate. Gibbon. APPRECIATION*, ap-pre-she-a'-shun. n. s. Val- uation. To APPREHENDS, ap-pre-hend'. v. a. [apprehen- do, Lat.] To lay hold on. Taylor. To seize in order for trial. 2 Cor. xi. To conceive by the mind. Hooker. To think on with terrour. Temple. To notice. Ld. Clarendon. APPREHENDER, ap-pre-hen'-dur. n. s. Conceiv- erj thinker. Glanville. The person who appre- hends another. Walsall. APPREHENSIBLE, ap-pre-heV-se-bl. 160. a. That which may be apprehended. Brown. APPREHENSION, ap-pr£-hen'-shun. n.s. The mere contemplation of things. Watts. Opinion 3 sentiments. Digby. The faculty of conceiving new ideas. Milton. Fear. Hooker. Suspicion 3 seizure. Shafc. The power of seizing. Brown. APPREHENSIVE, ap-pre-hen'-s?v. f58. a. Quick to understand. Beaum. and Fl. Fearful. Addison. Perceptive ; feeling. Milton.. APPREHENSIVELY, ap-pre-hen'-s?v-le. ad. In an apprehensive manner. APPREHENSIVENESS, ap-pre-hen'-s?v-ngs. n.s. Being apprehensive. Sir H Wotton. APPRENTICE §, ap-pren'-tk 140, 142. n. s. [ap- prenti, Fr.~] One that is bound to serve for a certain term of years, upon condition that the tradesman shall instruct him in his art. Cowel. To APPRENTICE, ap-preV-tls. v. a. To put out as an apprentice. Pope. APPRENTICEHOOD, ap-pren'-tls-hiid. n. s. The vears of an apprentice's servitude. Shakspeare. APPRENTICESHIP, ap-pren'-tfs-ship. n. s. The same as ajqyrenticehood. Digby. APPRENTISAGE*, ap-pren'-tls-aje. n. s. Appren- ticeship. Bacon. To APPRFZE §, ap-prlze'. v. a. [appris, Fr.] To inform. Wat.ts. APPRI'ZE*, ap-prlze'. n. s. Information. Gower. Ob. T. To APPROACH §, ap-pr6tsh'. v.n. [approcher, Fr.] To draw near, locally. Shak. To draw near, as time. Deut. xxxi. To make a progress towards, as mentally. Jer. xxx. To come near by natural affinity ; or resemblance 5 to contract marriage with. 'Leviticus. To APPRO' ACH, ap-pr6tsh'. v. a. To bring near to. Browne. To come near to. Temple. APPRO'ACH, ap-pr6tsh'. n. s. The act of drawing near. Shak. Access. Bacon. Hostile advance. 1 Shakspeare. Means of advancing. Dryden. APPROACHABLE*, ap-protsh'-a-bl. a. Accessi- 1 ble. Johnson. \ APPRO' ACHER, ap-prdMshfir. 98. n s. He that approaches. Shakspeare. APPRO' ACHMENT, ap-pr6tsh'-ment. n.s. The act of coming near. Brown. A'PPROBATE §*, ap'-pro-bate. part. a. [approbo, Lat.] Approved. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. APPROBA'TION, ap-pr6-ba'-shun. n.s. The act of approving. Sliak. The liking of anything. Hooker. Attestation 5 support. Shaksjmare. A'PPROBATIVE* ap'-pr6-ba-tiv. a. Approving. Cotgrave. APPROBATORY*, ap'-pr6-ba-tur-re. a. Approv ing. Sheldon. ToAPPROMPT^ap-prompt'. v .a. To excite 3 to quicken. Bacon. APPRO'OF, ap-prS5f. n. s. Approbation. SJmk. To APPRO'PEP ATE, ap-pr6p'-per-ate. v. a. [ap- propero, Lat.] To hasten. Diet. To APPROPINQUATES, ap-pr6-pln'-kwate. v.n. [appropinquo, Lat.] To draw nigh unto. APPROP1NQU A'TION*, ap-pro-pln-kwa '-shun. n. s. Approaching. Bp. Hall. To APPROPINQUE, ap-pro-pfnk'. v. a. To ap- proach. Hudibras. A ludicrous word. APPRO'PRIABLE, ap-pro'-pre-a-bl. a. What may be appropriated. Brown. roAPPRO'PRIATEy, ap-pro'-pre-ate. 91. v. a. [approprio, low Lat.] To consign to some use. Hooker. To claim or exercise. Milton. To make peculiar. Locke. In law, to alienate a ben- efice. Ayliffe. APPROPRIATE, ap-pr6'-pre-ate. 91. a. Peculiar. Bacon. APPRO'PRIATE* ap-pro'-pre-ate. n.s. Peculi- arity. Boyle. APPROPRIATELY* ap-pr6'-pre-ate-le. ad. Fitly. APPROPRIATENESS*, ap-pr6'-pre-ate-nes. „.*. Fitness. APPROPRIATION, ap-pre-pre-a'-shun. n. s. Ap- plication to a particular purpose. Locke. The claim of any thing as peculiar. Shak. The fixing a particular signification. Locke. In law, a sever- ing of a benefice ecclesiastical to the use of some religious house, or dean and chapter, bishoprick, or college. Cowel. APPRO'PRIATOR, ap-prd-pre-a'-tfir. 98. n. s. One possessed of an appropriated benefice. Ayliffe APPROPRI'ETARV*, ap-prc-prl'-e-tar-e. n. s. A lay possessor of the profits of a benefice. Spelman. APPRO'VABLE, ap-pr6d'-va-bl. a. Meriting appro bation. Brown. APPROVAL, ap-pr66'-val. n.s. Approbation. Temp APPRO'VANCE, ap-pr66'-vanse. n.s. Approba- tion. Spenser. !FoAPPRO'VE$, ap-proSv'. v. a. [approbo, Lat.] To like. Davies. To express liking. Locke. To prove. Hooker. To experience. Shak. To make worthy of approbation. Rogers. [In law.] To improve. Blackstone. APPRO'VEMENT, ap-pr6cV-ment. n. s. Approba- tion. Hayward. When a person indicted doth con- fess the fact, and accuses his accomplices. Blackst APPROVER, ap-proo'-vur. 98. n.s. He that ap- proves. Chaucer. He that makes trial. Shak. One that, confessing felony of himself, accusetb another. Cowel. APPRO'XIMANT* ap-pr&ks'-e-mant. a. Approach- ing. Sir E. Dering. APPROXIMATES, ap-proks'-e-mate. a. [ad and proximus^ Near to. Brown. To APPROXIMATE*, ap-proks'-e-mate. 91. v. a. To bring near. Barrow. To APPROXIMATE*, ap-pr&ks'-e-mate. v. n. Tc come near. Burke. APPROXIMATION, ap-prok-se-ma'-shun. n. s. Approach to any thing. Brown. In science, a continual approach nearer still, and nearer to the quantity sought. Bp. Berkeley. APPU'LSE, ap'-pulse. n. s. [appulsus, Lat.] The act of striking against any thing. Harvey. Arri val5 landing. Bryant. The approaching to a conjunction with the sun, or any fixed star. Adam? AQU ARB 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met ;- -pine, pin ; — APPURTENANCE*, ap-pur'-te-nanse. n.s. [ap- partenance, Fr.] An adjunct. Shakspeare. APPURTENANT*, ap-pur'-te-uant. a. An adjec- tive applied to law purposes. Blackstone. To ARRICATE, ap'-pre-kate. v. n. [apricor, Lat.] To bask in the sun. Ray. APRICITY, a-prls'-e-te. n. s. Sunshine. Did. APRICOT, or APR1COCK, a'-pre-kot. n.s. A kind of wall fruit. Slvakspeare. APRIL, a'-prll. n. s. [Aprilis, Lat.] The fourth moxth of the 3'ear. Peacham. APRIL-FOOL*, a'-prll-f66l. n. s. He who is im- posed upon by others, on the first of April, by being' then sent on some absurd errand. Hay. APRIL-FOOL-D AY*, a'-pril-f 661-da'. n. s. The first of April. The World. A'PRON§, a'-purn. 417. n. s A cloth hung before, to keep the other dress clean. Sliakspeare. APRON, a'-purn. 417. A piece of lead which covers the touch-hole of a great gun. ARRON of a goose. The fat skin which covers the belly. A PRON-MAN, a'-pfirn-man. n. s. A workman j an artificer. Sliakspeare. APRONED, a'-pfirnd. 462. a. Wearing an apron. Pope. APROPOS*, ap-ro-pd'. ad. [a propos, Fr.] Op- portunely. Warburton. A'PSIS, ap'-sfe. n. s. [d^t n. s. [Lat.] A Q UA-REGALIS, ak-kwa-re-ga'-lk £ An acid water, so called because it dissolves gold, the king of metals. Chambers. A Q UA- TINT A*, ak'-kwa-tlnt'-a. ft. s. [Lat. and Ital.] A species of engraving, imitating drawings made with Indian ink or bistre. AQUA-VITJE, ak-kwa-vl'-te. n.s. [Lat.] Brandy, or spirit of wine, either simple or prepared with aromaticks. Shakspeare. AQUARIUS*, a-kwa'-re-us. n. s. [Lat.] The eleventh sign in the zodiack. Ckaveland. AQUA 'TIC AL*, a-kwat'-e-kal. } a. [aquatics, AQUATICK,a-kwat'-ik. \ Lat.] That AQUA'TILE, ak'-kwa-til. 145, 503. ) which in- habits the water. Ray. Plants which grow in the water. Mortimer. A'QUEDUCT, ak'-kwe-duct. n. s. [axpiccdudus, Lat.] A conveyance made for carrying water, either under ground, or above it. Addison. AQUETTY*, a-kwe'-e-te. n.s. Wateriness. B.Jon- son. AQUEOUS. a/-kwe-5s. 534. a. Watery. Ray. A'QUErUSNESS, a -kwe-tis-nes. n. s. Waterish- Dict ' ateriness A'QUILINE, ak'-we-lln. 145. a. [aquiiinus, Lat.) Resembling an eagle. Dryden. A'QUILOI\'*,Ak'-\\e-\cn.n.s. [aquilo, Lat.] The north wind. Shakspeare. AQUO SE, a-kw6se'. a. [aqua, Lat.] Watery. J AQUOS1TY, a-kw6s'-e-te. 511. n.s. Waterii Diet. A. R. stands for anno regni; that is, the year of (he reign: as, A. R. G. R 20. Anno regni Georgii regis vigesimo, in the twentieth year of the reig of King George. ARAB*, a'-rab. ? n. s. A native of Arabia ARABIAN*, a-ra'-be-an. $ Sir T. Herbert. ARABESQUE*, ar'-a-besk. a. [arabesque, Fr.] Relating to the architecture of the Arabs; and some times applied to the lighter kind of Gothick arehi tecture in general. Swinburne. ARABESQUE* ar'-a-besk. n. s. The Arabick language. Guthrie. ARABIAN*, a-ra'-be-an. a. Relating to Arabia Sir T. Herbert.^ ARAR1AN*, a-ra'-be-an. n. s. A native of Arabia Isaiah, xiii. ARA B1CAL*. a-rab'-e-kal. a. Arabian. Shelton. ARARICALLY*, a-rab'-e-kal-e. ad. Lithe Arabian manner. Sir T. Herbert. AR AB1CK*, ar'-a-bfk. a. Arabian. Worthington. ARAB1CK* ar'-a-bik. n. s. The language of Ara- bia. Worthmgton. ARABLE §, ar'-a-bl. 405. a. [arabilis, Lat.] Fit for tillage. Milton. $5= The a in the first syllable of this word has the short sound as much as if the r were double. The same may be observed of every accented a before r, followed by a vowel. 81. 168. W. ARABY*, ar'-a-be. Milton. ARACHNOIDES, ar-ak-noe'-dez. n. s. [apd X rv and elSos.] One of the tunicks of the eye, which re- sembles a cobweb. Derham. A fine thin transpa- rent membrane, lying between the dura and pia mater. Chaynbers. ARA'IGNEE, ar-en'-ya. n. s. [French.] A branch, return, or gallery of a mine. Diet. To ARATSE*, a-raze'. v. a. To raise. Shakspeare. ARA'NEOUS, a-ra'-ne-us. a. [aranea, Lat.] Re- sembling a cobweb. Derham. ARA'TION^-ra'-sh&n. n. s. [aratio, Lat.] Ploughing. Cowley. ARATORY, ar'-a-tur-re. 512. a. That which con- tributes to tillage. Diet. ARBALIST, ar'-ba-ust. 503. n. s. See Arcuba- list. A cross-bow. Camden. A'RBALISTER* ar'-ba-list-ur. n. s. A cross-bow- man. Speed. A'RBITER^ar-'-be-tur. 98. n.s. [Lat.] A judge. Bacon. One who has the power of decision. . To judge. The country of Arabia Milton. To A'RBITER* ar'-be-tiV. Huloet. ARBITRABLE, ar'-be-tra-bl. a. Arbitrary ; de- pending upon the will. Spelm&n. Determinable. Bp. Hall. ARBITRAMENT, ar-bft'-tra-ment. n.s. [Properly arbitrementj Will ; determination ; choice. Milton. ARBITRARILY, ar'-be-tra-re-le. ad. Despotically Dryden. ARBITRARINESS, ar'-be-tra-re-nes. n.s. Des- poticalness ; tyrannv. Temple. Choice. Clarke. ARBITRA'RIOUS/ar-be-tra'-re-us. a. Arbitrary. Nonis. Despotick. More. ARBITRA'RIOUSLY, ar-be-tr^'-re-fis-le. ad. Ar- bitrarily. Glanxille. ARBITRARY, ar'-be-tra-re. a. Despotick ; abso- lute. Walsh. Depending on no rule. Brown. Holden at will. H Wliarton. Voluntary. Bp. Hall. To ARBITRATE, ar'-be-trate. 91. v. a. To decide. Shakspeare. To judge of. Milton. To ARBITRATE, ar'-be-trate. v.n. To give judge- ment. South. ARBITRATION, ar-be-tra/-shftn. n. s. The deter 100 ARC ARC -116, mSve, nSr, not ; — lube, tub, bull ; — 6?] 5 — pound ; — thin, this. minatiou of a cause by a judge mutually agreed on by the parties. Smith. ARBITRATOR, ar-be-tra'-tur. 521. n. s. An extra- ordinary judge between party and party chosen by their mutual consent. Cowcl. A governour. Milton.. He that has the power of prescribing to others without limitor control. Addison. The determiner. Shakspeare. ARBITRA'TRIX*, ar-be-tra'-trlks. n.s. A female judge. Sherwood. ARBFTREMENT, ar-bit'-tre-ment. n. s. Decision. Shakspeare. Compromise. Bacon. ARBPTRESS*, ar'-be-tres. ru s. In the Latin sense, a witness. Milton. A female arbiter. Milton. A'RBORARY, ar'-bo-ra-re. 512. a. Belonging to a tree. Diet. A'RBORATOR*, ai^-bo-ra-lur. n. s. A planter of trees. Eveliin. ARBO'REOLS, ar-bo'-re-us. a. Belonging to trees. Brown. A term in botany, to distinguish such fun- guses or mosses as grow upon trees. Quincy. A RBORET. ar'-lri-ret. n. s. [arbor, Lat.] A small tree or shrub. Milton. ARBORE'SCENT*, ar-bo-reV-sent. a. Growing like a tree. Evelyn. ARBORIOAL*, ar-boV-e-kal. a. Relating to trees. Howell. Ob. T. A'RBORIST, ar'-bo-rlst. n. s. One who makes trees his studv Howell. A'RBOROUS, ar'-b6-rus. 314. a. Belonging to a tree. I itfilton. ARBOUR§, ar'-bSr. 314. n. s. A place covered with branches of trees. Sliakspeare. A'RBOUR-VFNE, ar'-bur-vlne.rc.s. A species of bind weed. A'RBUSCLE, ar'-bfis-sl. 351, 405. n. s. [arbuscula, Lat.] Anv little shrub. Diet. A'RBUTE*?, ar-bute'. n. s. [arbutus, Lat.] The strawberry tree. Mortimer. ARBU'TEAN* ar-biV-te-an. a. Of arbute. Evelyn. ARC, ark n. s. [arens, Lat.] A segment of a circle. Newton. An arch. Pope ARCA'DE, ar-kade'. n. s. A walk arched over. Pope. A small arch within a building. Warton. ARCA DLAN* ar-ka'-de-an. a. Relating to Arcadia. Milton. A'RCADY*. ar'-ka-de.?i.s. The country of Arcadia. Milton. ARCA'NE*, ar-kane'. a. [arcanus.] Secret. Bp. Berkeley. ARCA'NUM, ar-ka'-nftm. 503. n. s. plural arcana. [Latim] A secret. Swift. ARCH$,artsh. n. s. [arms, Lat.] Part of a circle, not more than the half. Locke. A building open below I and closed above, standing by the form of its own j curve, used for bridges and other works ; the sky or vault of heaven. Shalcspeare. To ARCH artsh. v. a. To build arches. Pope. To cover with arches. Shak. To form into arches. Bacon. ARCH, artsh. a. [apx°s-~] Ch!ef 3 of the first class. Shakspeare. Waggish ; mirthful. Swift. ARCH, in composition, signifies chief, or of the first class, as archangel, archbishov. ARCHA'NGEL $, itk-ane'-jei. 354. n. s. One of the highest order of angels. Milton. 55= The accent is sometimes on the first syllable, though not so properly. W. ARCHA'NGEL, ark-ane'-jel. n. s. A plant called Dead nettle. ARCHANGE'LICK, ark-an-jeT-lfo. a. Belonging to archangels. Milivn. ARCHAPO'STLE*, artsh-a-pos'-sl. n. s. Chief apos- tle. Trapp. ARCHA'RCHITECT* artsh-ar'-ke-tekt. n. s. The Supreme Architect. Sylvester. ARCflBE'ACON, artsh-be'-kn. n. s. The chief place of prospect. Carew. A RCHBFSHOP^arlsh-bish'-up. 354. n. s. A bishop of the first class, who superintends the conduct of other bishops, his fjffragans. Clarendon. ARCHBFSHOPR1CK, artsh-blsh'-Sp-rk. n. s. Tim state of an archbishop. Clarendon. ARCHBO'TCHER*, artsh-botsh'-ur. menrler, ironioallv. Bishop Corbet. n. Chief Chief buikl 5. The chief ARCHBFJFLDER"*, artsh-blld'-Or, er. Harmar. ARCHCHA'NTER, artsh -tshan'-tur. n chanter. ARCHCHE'MICK* artsh -kem'-mik. a. Of the high- est chemick power. Milton. ARCHCONSPFRATOR* artsh -kdn-spir'-a-tur. n.s A principal conspirator. Maundrell. ARCHCRPTICK* artsh-kriV-tik. n. s. The chief c r i t i ck . Tr.of Boccalini. ARCHDE'ACON^artsh-de'-kn. n. s. [archdiaconus , Lat.] One that supplies the bishop's place and of- fice in such matters as belong to the episcopal func- tion. Ayliffe. ARCHDEACONRY, artsh-de'-kn-re. n. s. The office of an archdeacon. Carew. The place of resi- dence of an archdeacon. Swinburne. ARCHDE'ACONSHIP, artsk-de'-kn-shlp. n. s. The office of an archdeacon. ARCHDfvTNE*, artsh-de-vlne'. n. s. A principal theologian. Burton. ARCHDU'CAL*, artsh-diV-kal. a. Belonging to an archduke. Guthrie. ARCHDU'CHESS,artsh-dutsh'-es.n.s. A title given to the sister or daughter of the archduke of Austria or to the wife of an archduke of Tuscanv. Howell. ARCHDL T/ KE§, artsh-duke'. n. s. A title given tc some sovereign princes, as of Austria and 1 uscany. Carew. ARCHDU'KEDOM*, artsh-duke'-dum. n. s. The territory of an archduke. Guthrie. ARCHE ; ?>E3IY*, artsh-en'-e-me. n. s. A chief ene mv. Milton. ARCHFE'LON*, artsh-fel'-un. n. s. The chief of felons. Milton. ARCHFIEND*, artsh-feend'. 275. n. s. The chief of fiends. Milton. ARCHFLAMEN* artsh-fla'-men. n. s. Chief priest Sir T. Herbert. ARCHFLA'TTERER* artsh-flat'-tu.r-5r. n. s. Th< principal flatterer. Bacon. ARCHFO'UNDER*, artsh-found'-fir. n. s. Tu* chief founder. Milton. ARCHGO'VERNOUR* artsh-g&v'-nr-nur. n. s The chief governour. Bre-wer. ARCFIHETlESYp,artsh-her'-o-se. n.s. The great est heresv. Butler. ARCFIHE RETICK* artsh-h6r'-e-tik. n. s. Chief heretick. Pearson. ARCPIHY'POCRPTE*, artsh-h?p'-6-kru. ti. s. A great hypocrite. Fuller. ARCFDIAGFCIAN*, artsh-ma-jlsh'-an. n. s. Chief magician. Spenser. ARCHMO'CK*, artsh-mok'. n. s. Principal mockery or jest. Shakspeare. ARCHPA'STOR*, artsh -pas'-tur. n. s. " The Shep- herd and Bishop of our souls. 77 Barrow. ARCHPHILO SOPHER, artsh-fe-leV-c-ffir. n. s Chief philosopher. Hoolcer. ARCHPFLLAR*, artsh-pil'-lur. n. s. The main pil- lar. Harmar. ARCHPOET*, artsh-po'-gt. n. s. The principal poet by repute. ARCHPOLITPCIAN* artsh-pol-e-tfsh'-an. n. s. A transcendent politician. Bacon. ARCHPRE'LATE, artsh-prelMat. 91. n. s. Chiel prelate. Hooker. ARCHPRE'SBYTERS, artsh-pres'-be-ler. n. s Chiefpresbyter. Ayliffe. ARCHPRE'SBYTERY*, artsh-prez'-be-ter-e. n. s The absolute dominion of presbyterv. Milton ARCHPRFEST, artsh-preest'. n. s. 'Chief priest Ayliffe. ARCHPRFMATE* artsh-prl'-mat. n. s. The pri- mate over other primates: as the archbishop of Canterbury over the archbishop of York ; and 1 n Ireland, the archbishop of Armagh over tne oth-.-r archbishops. Milton. 101 ARC ARE [0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met ;— pine, pin j- Chief ARCHPRO'PHET*, artsh-prof-fel. «. prophet. Wariun. ARCHPRO'TESTANT*, artsh-pr&t'-es-tant. n. s. A principal or distinguished proteslant. Stapleton. A RCHPU'BLICAN*, artsh-pub'-le-kan. n. s. The distinguished publican. Bishop Hull. ARCHRE'BEL*, artsh-rSb'-el. n. s. A principal rebel. MiU.au. ARCHTRA'ITOR*, artsh-tra'-tfir. n. s. The archen- emy} the iivilj any distinguished traitor. Hake- will. ARCHTRE'ASURER*, &rtsb-trezh'-u-rur. n. s. High treasurer. Guthrie. ARCHTY'RANT* artsh-ll'-rant. n. s. TheprinciDal tyrant. Bishop Hall. ARCHVFLLAIN§*artsh-vilMin. n.s. An extraordi- naiy villain. Shakspeare. ARCHVFLLANY*, artsh-vu'-lan-e. n. s. Great vil- lanv. Beaumont and Fletcher. ARCHWPFE* artsh-wlfe'. n.s. A wife in the higher rank of society. Chaucer. ARCHAIO'LOGY$, ar-ka-6l'-6-je. n. s. [d PX ahs and \6yos.~] A discourse on antiquity. War ton. ARCHAIOLO'GICK, ar-ka-o-lod'-jfc. a. Relating to a discourse on antiquity. A'RCHAISM, ar'-ka-lsm. 353. n. s. [ap X °"r^s-'] An ancient phrase. Waits. ARCHED, ar'-tsheU pari. a. Bent in the form of an arch.. Slmkspeare. $cy* Words of this form are colloquially pronounced in one syllable ; and this syllable is one of the harsh- est that can be imagined, for it sounds as if written artsht. 359. W. A'RCHER$, artsh'-ur. n. s. [archer, Fr.] He that shoots with a bow. Shakspeare. A'RCHERESS*, artsh'-fir-es. n. s She that shoots with a bow. Fanshdwe. A'RCHERY, artsh'-ur-e. n. s. The use of the bow. | Camden. The act of shooting with the bow. Shak. The art of an archer. Crasliaw. A'RCHES-COURT, artsh'-ez-kort. n. s. The chief consistory that belongs to the archbishop of Canter- bury, so called from Bow-church in London, where it is kept, whose top is raised of stone pillars, built archwise. Cornel. A'RCHETYPE, ar'-ke-tlpe. 354. n. s. [archctypum, Lat] The original of which any resemblance is made. Glanviae. ARCHETYPAL, ar-ke-tl'-pal. a. Original. Norris. ARCHI'ATER*, ?.r-k\' -i-thr. n.s.[arcTiiatre, Fr.] A chief physician. Sir T. Herbert. A'RCHlCAL*, ar'-ke-kal. a. [a 9X iKos, Gr -1 Chief 3 primary. Hallyvcell. ARCHIDlA'CONAL^r-ke-dl-ak'-o-nal. a. Belong- ing to an archdeacon. Wotton. ARCHIEPFSCOPAL, ar-ke-£-pV-k6-pal. 354. a. [archiepiscopus , Lat.] Belonging to an archbishop. Bishcv Hall. ARCHIEPI'SCOPACY* ax-ke-e-pls'-ko-pa-se. w. 5. The state of an archbishop. Sir E. Dering. ARCHITECT $, ar'-ke-tSkt. 354. n. s._ [architedns, Lat.] A professor of the art of building. Wotton. A builder. Milton. The contriver or former. Ray. A'RCHITECTIVE, ar-ke-tek'-tlv. a. That performs the work of architecture. Derham. ARCHITECTON1CAL*, ar-ke-tek-ton'-e-kal. n s. That which forms or builds any thing. Father by. ARCHITECTONIC AL*, ar-ke-tek-t&n'-e-kal. a. Having skill in architecture. Sir T. Brown. ARCHITECTO'NICK, ar-ke-tek-lon'-nik. 503. a. [ap^og and -i>cTov.~] That which has the power or skill of an architect. Boyle. A'RCHITECTOR*, ar-ke-tek'-tfir. n. s. A builder. Austin. Ob. T. A'RCHITECTRESS*, ar-ke-tek'-tres. n. s. She who builds. Wotton. ARCHITECTURE, ar'-ke-tek-tshure. 4G1. n. s. The art or science of building. Chambers. The ef- fect of the science of building. Burnet. ARCHITECTURAL* ar-ke'-teV-tshu-ral. a. Relat- ing to archi'.sct'ire. Warton. A'RCHITRAVE, ar'-ke-trave. n. .s. [ap X t, and trabs, Lat.] That part of a column, which lies im- mediately upon the capital, and is the lowest mem- ber of the entablature. Wotton. A'RCHIVES, ar'-klvz. 354. n.s. [archiva, Lat.] The place where records or ancient writings are kept, or the writings themselves. Woodward. A'RCHLIKE*, artsh'-like. a. Built, like an arch Young. A'RCHLY* artsh'-le. ad. Jocosely. Timer. A'RCHNESS*, arlsh'-nes. n. s. Shrewdness j sly hu- mour. Dr. Warton. A'RCHON*. ark'-on. n. s. [ap X wv!\ The chief magis- trate among the Athenians. Bolter ARCHWISE, artsh'-wlze. 354. ad. In the form of an arch. Ayliffe. RCFTENEN 1 ARCFTENENT* ar-sft'-e-nent. a. {arcitenens,L^.] Bow-bearing. Did. ARCTATION, ark-ta'-shun. n. s. [arcto.] Confine- ment to a narrower compass. A'RCTICK, ark'-tlk.ra.s. Northern 3 lying under the Arctos, or bear. Philips. A'RCTICK Circle. The circle at which the northern frigid zone begins. A'RCUATE, ar'-ku-ate. 91. a. [arcuatus, Lat.] Bent like an arch. Bacon. A'RCUATILE, ar'-ku-a-tll. a. Bent. Diet. ARCUA'TION, ar-ku-a'-shun.ra.*. The act of bend- ing. Curvity, or crookedness. [In gardening.] The method of raising by layers such trees as can- not be raised from seed, by bending down to the ground the branches which spring from the offsets. Chambei-s. A'RCUATURE, ar'-ki-a-tshure. n. s. The bending or curvature of an arch. Diet. A'RCUBALIST*, ar'-ku-bal-list. n. s. [arcubalista, Lat.] A cross-bow. Warton. ARCUBA'LISTER, ar-ku-bal'-is-tur. n. s. A cross- bow-man. Camden. ARD, [Saxon.] signifies natural disposition. ; as, Goddard, a divine temper) Rebiard, a sincere temper; Bernard, filial 1 affection. Gibson. A'RDENCY*, ar'-den-se. n.s. Ardour; eagerness., Hammond. Heat. Sir T. Herbert. ARDENT §, ar'-dent. a. -[ardens, Lat.] Hot; burn ing; fiery. Newton. Fierce; vehement. Dryden Passionate. Prior. A'RDENTLY, aV-dent-le. ad. Eagerly; affectionate ly. Sprat. A'RDENTNESS* ar'-dent-n&j. n. s. Ardency. Sher wood. A'RDOUR, ly-dftr. 314. n. s. Heat. South. Heat of affection. Dryden. ARDU'ITY, ar-du'-e-te. n. s. Height; difficalty. Diet. A'RDUOUSS, ar'-ju-As. 293, 376. a. [arduus, Lat.] Lofty ; hard to ciimb. Pope. Difficult. South. A'RDUOUSNESS, ar'-ju-us-nes. 293, 376. n. s. Height; difficulty. ARE, ar. '75. The third person plural of the present tense of the verb to be. A-RE, or Alamire. The lowest note but one in Guido's scale of musick. Shakspeare. A'REA, a'-re-a. 70, 545, 534. n. s. [Latin.] 1 face contained betwe* open surface. Wotton. face contained between any lines. Watts. Any atin.] . Wax To ARE'AD, or ARE'ED, a-reed'. v. a. [apeban, SaxJ To advise ; to direct. Spenser. ARE'EK*, a-reek ; . ad. In a reeking condition. Swift AREFA^TION, Sr-re-fak'-shun. n.s. {arefacio, Lat.] Growing dry ; drying. Bacon. To A'REFY, ar'-re-f 1. v. a. To dry. Bacon. ARE 1 IS A*, a-re'-na. n. s. [Lat. The amphitheatre at Rome has been so called, because strewed with arena, sand.] The space for combatants, in a thea- tre. Maundrell. ARENACEOUS, ar-e-na'-shus. 527. a. Sandy Brown. ARENA'TION, ar-re-na'-sh&n. n. s. A sort of dry bath, when the patient sits with his feet upon hot sand. Did. ARENO'SE, ar-e-n6?e'. 5C7. a. Sandy. Did. ARE'NULOUS, i-rfn'-u-As. a. Full of small sand. 102 ART ARM -116, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ;^-6?l 5 — pound 5 — thm, this. AREO'METER*, a-re-om'-e-tur. n.s. [areometre, Fr.l An instrument to measure the density of any liquid. AREO'PAGITE*, a-re-dp'-a-jlte. 156. n. s. A sena- tor or judge in the court of Areopagus at Athens. Acts, xvii. AREO'PAGUS*, a-re-op'-a-gus. n. s. ["Apumrdyos. Gr.] The highest court at Athens. Acts, xvii. AREOTICK, a-re-ot'-lk. 534. a. [dpaioriKa, Gr.] Efficacious in opening the pores. Vict. ARETO LOGY, a-re-t6F-6-je. n. s. \dper,) and Xfyw.] That part of moral philosophy which treats of vir- tue. Diet. A'RGAL, ar'-gal. n. s. Lees sticking to wine vessels, commonly called tartar. Diet. A'RGENT§, ar y -jent. a. [argentum, Lat.] The white colour used in the coats of gentlemen, knights, and baronets. Fairfax. Silver; bright like silver, itfi'/tow. A'RGENT-HORNED* ar'-jent-hdrn'd. a. Silver- horned. Lovelace. ARGENTATION, ar-jen-uV-shfin. n. s. An over- ling with silver. Diet. A'RGENTINE, ar'-jen-tlne. 148. a. Sounding like silver; appearing like silver. Sliakspeare. A'RGENTRY*, ar'-jent-re. n. s. Materials of silver. Howe/l. Ob. T. A'RGIL §, ar'-jil. n. s. [apyiMos, Gr.] Potter's clay. Kirwan. ARGILLA'CEOUS, ar-jil-la'-shfis. a. Clayey. Kir- wan. ARGFLLOUS, ar-jil'-lfis. 314. a. Consisting of clay. Brown. A'RGOSY, ar'-go-se. 503. n. s. [Argo, the name of Jason's ship.] A large vessel ibr merchandise ; a carrack. Shalcspeare. To A'RGUE $, ar'-gu. 335. r. n. [arguo, Lat.] To reason. Sliakspeare. To dispute. Decay of Piety. To A'RGUE, ar'-gu. v. a. To prove any "thing by argument. Donne. To persuade. Congrere. To debate. To prove, as an argument. Milton. To charge with. Dryden. To prove by appearance. Tr. of Solinian and Perseda. A'RGUER, ar'-gu-ur. 98. n. s. A reasoner. Decay of Piety. A'RGUING*, ar'-gu-lng. n. s. Argument. Smith. ARGUMENT, ar"-gu-ment. n. s. A reason alleged. Dryden. The subject of any discourse. Shale. The contents of any work. Dryden. A controversy. Shak. [In astronomy.] An arch by which we seek another unknown arch, proportional to the first. Chambers. To ARGUMENT*, ar'-gu-ment. v. n. To reason ; to discourse. Oower. Ob. T. ARGUME'NTAL, ar-gu-men'-tal. a. Reasoning. Pope. ARGUMENTATION, ar-gu-men-uV-shun. n. s. Reasoning. Watts. ARGUMENTATIVE, ar-gu-men'-ta-uV. 512. a. Consisting of argument. Atterbury. Disputatious. ARGUME'NT ATIVELY*, ar-gu-men'-ta-tiv-le. ad. In an argumentative manner. Bp. Taylor. To ARGUMENTIZE*, ar'-gu-men-tlze. v. n. To debate. Mannyngham. ARGUTE §, ar-gute'. a. [argutus, Lat.] Subtle; witty. Shrill. ARGUTENESS*, ar-gute'-nes. n. s. Wittiness ; acuteness. Dryden. A'RIA, a'-re-a. n. s. [ltal.] An air, song, or tune. A'RIAN*, a/-re-an. ft. s. One of the sect of Arius, who denied that Christ is the Eternal God. South. A'RIAN*, a'-re-an. a. Belonging to Arianism. Trapp. ARIANISM* a'-re-an-lzm. n.s. The heresy of Arius. Leslie. To A'RIANIZE*, a'-re-an-lze. v. n. To admit the tenets of Arianism. Worthington. A'RID §, ar'-ld. a. [aridus, Lat.] Dry. Arbuthnot. Cold; pedantick. ARFDITY, a-rid'-e-te. n. s. Dryness. Arbuthnot. Insensibility in devotion,, contrary to unction or tenderness. Norris. ARIES, a'-re-ez. n. s. [Lat.] The Ram ; one of the twelve signs of the zodiaek. Thomson. To ARFETATE. a-rl'-e-tate. 91. v. n. [arieto, Lat.] To butt like a ram. £5= I have, in this word, followed Dr. Johnson, in placing the accent on the second syllable, and not on the first, according to Mr. Sheridan, and Dr. Ash ; but I do not very well know for what reason, unless it be that words of this termination, derived from the Latin, generally preserve the accent of the original. See Principles, No. 503, (6.) TV. ARTETATION, a-rl-e-la'-shun. n. s. The act of butting like a ram. Battering with an engine called a ram. Bacon. The act of striking, in gen- eral. Glanville. ARIE'TTA,k-vh-h'-\k.5M. n s. [Ital.] A short air, song, or tune. ARIGHT; a -rite'. 393. ad. [ajieht, Sax.] Rightly ; without mental errour. Spenser. Rightly ; without crime. Psalms. Rightly; without failing of the end. B. Jonson. ARIOLATION, or HARIOLA'TION, a-re-o-la'- shun. 534. n. s. [ha/iolus, Lat.] Soothsaying ; va- ticination. Braicn. ARIO'SO, ar-e-6'.so. n. s. [Ital.] The movement of a common air. To ARFSE, a-rize'. v. n. [apipan, apap, Sax.] To mount upward. Dryden. To get up. 1 Esa. ix. To come into view. Matt. xxiv. To revive from death. Isaiah. To proceed from. Acts, xi. To enter upon a new station. Coicley. To commence hostility. 1 Samuel, xvii. ARISTARCHY*, ar'-ris-tar-ke. n. s. [upic-os and dpyrj.'] A body of good men in power. Harrington. ARISTO'CRACYf, ar-?s-tok'-kra-se. n.s. [dpiarss and Kprtr/w.] That form of government which places the supreme power in the nobles. Swift. ARISTOCRAT*, ar-is-iA-krat'. n. s. A favourer of aristocracy. Burke. ARISTOCRATICAL, ar-rfs-to-krat'-te-kal. 544.. \ ARISTOCRATICK*,aiM-ls-t6-krat'-lk. \ a. Relating to aristocracv. Ayliffe. ARISTOCRATIC A LL Y*, ar-rls-t6-krat'-e-kal-e ad. In an aristocratical manner. ARISTOCRATICALNESS, ar-rls-to-krat'-e-kal- nes. n. s. An aristocratical state. ARISTO'CRATY^ar-rls-tok'-ra-te. n.s. The same as aristocracy. Burton. ARISTOTELIAN*, ar-rls-16-teMe-an. a. Founded on the opinion of Aristotle. Warbwion. ARISTOTE'LIAN*, ar-rls-to-teMe-an. n. s. A fol- lower of Aristotle. Sit Miles Sandys. ARISTOTE'LICK*. ar-r.s-t6-teF.lik. a. Relating to the philosophy of Aristotle. Warton. ARITHMANCY, a-rfe/i'-man-se. n. s. [dpid^bg and Havre'ia.] A foretelling future events by numbers. Did. ARITHMETICAL, ar-M-meV-te-kal. 527. a. Ac- cording to arithmetick. Grew. ARITHMETICALLY, ar-fr/i-meV-te-kal-le. ad. In an arithmetical manner. Arbuthnot. ARITHMETFCIAN, a-rM-me-tfsh'-an. n.s. A master of the art of numbers. Addison. ARITHMETICK $, a-ri^'-me-tlk. n.s. [dpidpos and iterpiu).'] The science of numbers. Sliakspeare. §5= There is a small, but a very general deviation from accuracy in pronouncing this word, which lies in giving the first i the sound of short e, as if written arethmctick. As this inaccuracy is but trifling, so it may be rectified without any great singularity. TV. ARK, ark. 77. n. s. [area, Lat.] A vessel to swim upon the water, usually applied to that in which Noah was preserved. Genesis. The repository of the covenant of God with the Jews. Calmet. A chest, coffer, or bin. Bp. King. ARM, arm. [See Art.] n. s.^[arrmis, Lat.] The limb which reaches from the hand to the shoulder. Job. The bough of a tree. Sidney. An inlet of water from the sea. Dryd. Power ; might. Jer. xvii. ARM'S-REACH*, armz'-retsh. n.s. Within the stretch of the arm. To ARM§, arm. [See Art.] v. a. [armo, Lat.] To furnish with armour of defence. Genesis. To plate with any thing that mav add strength. Shak. To 103 ARM ARR lET 559.— Fate, fir, fill, fat;— me met;— pine, p?n; furnish ; to fit up. Walton. To provide against. Spenser. To ARM, arm. [See Art.] v. n. To take arms. Shakspeare. ARMADA, ar-ma'-da. [See Lumbago.] n. s. [Span.] An armament for seaj a fleet of war. Fairfax. ARMADT'LLO, ar-ma-dft'-lo. n.s. [Span.] A four- footed animal of Brazil, as big as a cat, with a snout like a hog, a tail like a lizard, and feet like a nedge-hog, armed all over with hard scales like armour, whence he takes his name. Trevoux. A'RMAMENT, ar'-ma-ment. 503. n. s. [armamen- tum, Lat.] A force equipped for war. Bryant. ARMAME'NTARY, ar-ma-ment'-a-re. n. s. An armoury. Diet. A'RMAN, ar'-man. n. s. A confection for restoring appetite in horses. Diet. A'RMATURE, aV-ma-lshure. 461. n. s. Armour. Ray. Offensive weapons. Decay of Piety. A'RMED,arm'd.«. [In heraldry.] It is used in respect of beasts and birds, when their teeth, horns, &c. are of a different colour from the rest. Chambers. A'RMED Chair, arm'&'-Vshkre. n.s. An elbow-chair. ARME'NIAN Bole, ar-me'-ne-an-bole. n.s. A fatty medicinal kind of earth, of a pale reddish colour, which takes its name from the country of Armenia. ARMENIAN Stone, ar-me'-ne-aii-stc-ne. n. s. A mineral stone or earth of a blue colour, spotted with green, black, and yellow; anciently brought only from Armenia. ARME'NTAL, ar-men'-tal. \a. [armentalis, A'RMENTINE, ar'-men-tlne. 149.S Lat.] Belong- ing lo a drove or herd of cattle. Diet. ARMENTO'SE, ar-men-t6se / . a. Abounding with cattle. Diet. A'RMFUL* arm'-ful. n. s. What the arm can bold. Beaumont and Fletcher. A'RMGAUNT, arm'-gant. 214. a. Slender as the arm. Shakspeare. A'RMHCLE, arm'-h&e. n. s. The cavity under the shoulder. Bacon. ARMI'GEROUS,ar-m1d'-j&r-r&s. a. [armiger, Lat.] Bearing arms. A'RMILLARY, ar'-mtl-la-rfe. [See Maxillary.] a. [armilla, Lat.] Resembling a bracelet. Harris. A'RMILLATED, ar'-mn-la-ted. a. Having brace- lets. Dirt. A'RMINGS, arm'-fngz. n. s. Clothes hung about the outside of the ship's upper works fore and aft, and before the cubbrige heads. Chambers. ARMFN1AN*. ar-mln'-yan. 113. n. s. He who sup- ports the tenets of Arminius. Bhrnety ARMFN1AN*, ar-mm'-yan. a. Relating to the sect of Arminius. South. ARMI'NLAN T SM* ar-mln'-yan-nizm. n. s. The tenets of Arminius. Mounlagu. ARMITOTENCE, ar-mfp'-o-tense. 518. n Pow- Powerful in er in war ARMI'POTENT, ar-mfp'^-tent. a, arms. Shakspeare. ARMISONOUS, ar-m?s'-6-nus. a. [armisonus, Lat.] Rustling with armour. A'RMISTICE, ar'-me-stls. 503, 142. n. s. [armisiiti- um, Lat.] A short truce. Lyttelton. A'RMLESS*, arm'-les. a. Without an arm. Chancer. Without weapons or arms. Beaumont and Fletcher. A'RMLET, armMet. n. s. A little arm ; as, an arm- let of the sea. A piece of armour for the arm. A bracelet for the arm. Donne. ARMO'NIAC, ar-m6'-ne-ak. 505. n. s. A sort of volatile salt. See Ammoniac. ARMORER, ar'-mfir-ur. 557. n.s. He that makes armour. Shakspeare. He that dresses another in armour. Slutkspeare. ARMORIAL, ar-m6'-re-al. a. Belonging to the arms of a family. Potter. Belonging to armour. ARMO'RICAN*, ar-mcV-e-kan. a. Relating to Ar- morica or Basse Bretagne, now Britany. Warton. ARMO'RICK*, ar-mor'-rlk. a. Armorican. Milton. A'RMORIST, %x> mfir-rlst. n, s. A person skilled in heraldry. Diet. A'RMORY, ar'-mur-e. 557. n. s. [armarium, Lat. The place in which arms are reposited for use Milton. Armour. Milton. Ensigns armoriai. Spenser. A'RMOUR, ar'-mfir. 314. n. s. Defensive arms. Shakspeare. A'RMOUR-BEARER,ar'-m5r-bare'-ur. n.s. lie that carries the armour of another. Dry den. A'RMPLT, arm'-pit. n. s. The hollow place, under the shoulder. Moxon. ARMS, aimz. 77. n. s. [arma, Lat.] Weapons of of- fence. Pope. A state of hostility. Shak. War in general. Dryden. The act of taking arms. Milton The ensigns armorial of a family. A'RMY, ar'-me. 482. n. s. [armee, Fr.] A collection of armed men. Locke. A great number. Shak. ARNA'TTO*, ar-naf-to. ) n. s. A vegetable produc ARNO'TTO*, ar-not'-to. ] tion of the West Indies, used as a dye. Sir W. Petty. ARO'INT. SeeAROYNT. ARC MA*, a-rd'-ma. n.s. [a^a, Gr.] Theodorant principle of plants. AROMA'TICAL, ar-6-mat / -e-kal. a. Spicy ; fra- grant. Bacon. AROMA / TlCK,ar-6-mat / -Ik.527.a. Spicy. Dryden, Fragrant. Pope. AROMA'TICKS, ar-6-mat / -iks. 527. n.s. Spices Raleigh. AROMATIZA'TION, ar-c~mat-e-zi'-shun. n. s The mingling of aromatick spices with any med- icine. To AROMATIZE, aV-6-ma-tlze. v. a. To scent with spaces. Bacon. To scent. Brovm. ARO / MATIZER*,ar / -r6-ma-tl-zur. n.s. That which fives a spicy quality. Evelyn. O'SE, a-r6ze'. 554. The preterite of the verb arise. ARO'UND, a-rofind'. ad. In a circle. Dryden. On every side. Dryden. AROOJND, a-rofind'. 545. prep. About. Dryden. To ARO'USE, a-rouze'. v. a. To wake from sleep. Shakspeare. To raise up. Thomson. ARO'W, a-nV. 545. ad. In a row. Sidney. Succes- sively ; in order. Shakspeare. away. Shak. [Ital.] Thedis- ARO'YNT, a-roint'. ad. Be gone ; ARPE' G GIG*, ai-ped'-je-6. n.s. _ tinct sound of the notes of an instrumental chord, accompanying the voice. Walker. ARQUEB USA'DE*, ar-kwe-b&s-ade'. n.s. A dis- tilled water, applied to a bruise or wound Ches- terfield. A'RQUEBUSE, ar'-kwe-bus. n. s. A hand gun. Bacon. A'RQUEBUSIER, ar-kwe-b&s-eer'. 275. n. s. A soldier armed with an arquebuse. Knolles. ARR*, ar. n. s. A mark made by a flesh-wound ; a cicatrice. Relph. A'RRA*, ar'-ra. n.s. [arrha or arra, Lat.] A pledge. Anderson. Ob. T. A'RRACH, ar'-ratsh. "^ n. s. One of the quickest O'RRACH, or'-ratsh. >■ plants in coming up and O'RRAGE, iV-ridje. ) running to seed. Mortim. AP^RA'CK, or ARA'CK, ar-rak'. n. s. A spirit procured by distillation from a vegetable juice called toddy, which flows by incision out of ibe cocoa-nut tree. Chambers. ARRACK-PUNCH* ar-rak'-punsh. n. s. The liquor called punch, composed, in a great degree, of arrack. Dr. Warton. To ARRAIGN §, ar-rane^. v. a. [arraigner, Fr.] To set a tiling in order, or in its place. Cotcel. To accuse. Roscommon. ARRAIGNMENT, ar-rane'-ment. n. s. The act of arraigning. Dryden. ARRA°IMENT*; ar-ra'-ment. n. s. Clothing ; dress. Sheldon. A'RRAND*, ar'-rand. n. s. [eepenb, Sax.] The ola word for errand, message. Howell. To ARRA'NGE^ar-ra.nje'. v. a. [arranger, Fr.] To put in the proper order. Spenser. ARRANGEMENT, ar-ranje'-ment. n. s. The acl of putting in proper order. Cheyne. 104 ART -116, move, n6r, not j— tibe, tub, bull 5—6)1 ; — pOund ;— thin, this. AflRA'NGER*. ar-ranje'-ur. n. s. He who plans or contrives. Burke. ARRANT, ar'-rant. 81, 82. a. Bad in a high degree. Sidney. ARRANTLY, ar'-rant-le. ad. Corruptly. L'Es- trange. ARRAS, ar'-ras. 81, 82. n.s. [from Arras, a town in Artois.] Tapestry. Spenser. ARRA'UGHT, ar-raW. a. Seized by violence. Spenser. ARRA'Y, ar-ra'. n. s. [array, Fr.] Order, chiefly of war. Hayward. Dress. Spenser. [In law.] The ranking or setting forth of a jury or inquest. Cowel. To ARRA'Y §, ar-ra'. v. a. To put in order. Gower. To deck. Job, xl. ARRA'YERS, ar-ra'-ftrz. n. s. Officers who saw the soldiers duly appointed in their armour. Coicel. ARRE'AR§, ar-reer/. ad. [arriere, Fr.] Behind. Spenser. ARRE'AR, ar-reer'. n. s. That which remains un- paid. Dryden. The rear. Howell. ARREARAGE, ar-ree'-raje. 90. n. s. The remain- der of an account. Cowel. ARRE'ARANCE, ar-ree'-ranse. n s. The same with an-ear. Diet. To ARRE'CT§*, ar-rgkt'. v. a. To raise or lift up. Skeltcm,. Ob. T. ARRE'CT*, ar-rekt'. a. [arrectus, Lat.] Erected. Bp. Sinalridcre. ARRENTA'TION, ar-r^n-ta-shun. n.s. [arrendare, low Lat.] The licensing an owner of lands in a forest, to enclose them. Vict. ARREPTFTIOUS, ar-rfip-tlsh'-us. a. [arreptus, Lat.] Snatched away. Crept in privily. Mad. Howell. ARRE'ST, ar-rest'. n. s. [arrester, Fr.] A stop or stay ; a man apprehended for debt is said to be arrested. Cowel. Any caption. Taylor. ARRE'ST, ar-rest'. n. s. A mangy humour between the ham and pastern of the hinder legs of a horse. Diet. To ARRE'ST §, ar-rest'. v. a. To seize by a man- date. Shak. To seize any thing by law. Shak. To lay hands on. Spenser. To withhold. Dacies. To stop motion. Boyle. To obstruct. Bacon. To ARRE'Tf*, ar-ret'. v. a. [arreter, old Fr.] To assign ; to allot. Spenser. Ob. T. ARRE'T*, ar-reV. n. s. A decree. ARRETTED, ar-ret'-ted. a. One convened before a judge, and charged with a crime. TVARRI'DE, ar-rlde'. v. a. [arrideo, Lat.] To laugh at. To smile. To please well. B. Jonson. ARRIERE, ar-reer'. n.s. [Fr.] The last body of an army. Hayioard. ARRFERE BAN, ar-reer'-ban. n. s. A general proclamation, by which the king of France sum- mons to the war all that hold of him. Sir H. Sheere. ARRFERE FEE, or FEEF. A fee dependant on a superiour one. ARRFERE VASSAL. The vassal of a vassal. Trevoiix. ARRI'SION, &r-r?zh'-un. 451. n. s. [anisio, Lat.] A smiling upon. Diet. ARRFVAL, ar-rl'-val. n. s. Coming to any place. Waller. ARRFVANCE, ar-rl'-vanse. n. s. Company coming. Shakspeare. Ob. J. T^ARRFVES, ar-rlve'. v. n. [arriver, Fr.] To come to any place. Dryden. To reach any point. Locke. To gain any thing. Taylor. To happen. Waller. To ARRFVE*, ar-rlve'. v. a. To reach. Shakspeare. ToARRO'DE, ar-r6de'. v. a. [arrodo, Lat.] To gnaw or nibble. Diet. ARROGANCE, ar'-ro-gfmse. \n. s. The quality ARROGANCY, ar'-ro-gan-se. $ of taking much upon one's self. Shakspeare. ARROGANT, ar'-r6-gant. 81, 82. a. Haughty; proud. Temple. ARROGANTLY, ar'-rd-gant-le. ad. In an arrogant manner. Dryden ARROGANTNESS, ar'-ro-ganl-nes. n. s. The same, with arrogance. Diet. ZVARRQGATE$, ar'-r6-gate. 91. v. a. [arrogo, Lat.] To claim vainly. Hayward. ARROGA'TION, ar-ro-ga/-shun. n. s. A claiming in a proud unjust manner. More. ARROGATIVE*, ar'-r6-ga-tl\\ a. Claiming in an unjust manner. More. ARRO'SION, ar-nV-zhun. 451 . n. s. A gnawing. Diet. ARROWS, dr'-ro. 327. n.s. [a)iepe, Sax.] The pointed weapon which is shot from a bow. S!mk. ARROWHEAD, ar'-ro-hed. ri. s. A water plant : its leaves resemble the head of an arrow. Diet. ARROWY, ar^-e. a. Consisting of arrows. Mil- tort. Formed like an arrow. Cowper. ARSE, arse. n. s. [eajrpe, Sax.] The buttocks. ARSE-FOOT, ars'-f fit. n.s. A kind of water-fowl. Diet. ARSENAL, ar'-se-ndl. n. s. [arsenale, Ital.] A mag azine of military stores. Addison. ARSE'NICAL, ar-sen'-e-kal. a. Containing arsenide Harvey. ARSENICK§, arse'-nik. n.s. [ApciviKov.] A min eral substance, which is a violent corrosive poison. Chambers. ARSMART, ars'-mart. n. s. An herb. Coles. ARSON*, ar'-s'n. n. s. [arson, old Fr.] The crime of house-burning. ARTS, art. 77. n. s. [ars, Lat.] The power of doing something not taught by nature. South. A sci- ence. Ben Jonson. A trade. Boyle. Artfulness. Shak. Cunning. Shak. Speculation. Shak. £K/= As a before r, followed by a vowel, has the short or fourth sound, so when it is followed by a consonant it has the long or second sound. See Arable, 81, 168. TV. ARTE'RIAL, ar-uV-re-al. a. That which relates fo the arterv. Blackmore. ARTERlO'TOMY, ar-te-re-ot'-to-me. 518. n. s. The operation of letting blood from the arterv. ARTERY §, ar'-tur-e. 555. n. s. [arteria, Lat. from the Gr.] A conical canal, conveying the blood ■ from the heart to all parts of the body. Qnincy. ARTFUL, art'-tul. 174. a. Performed with art. Dryden. Artificial. Cunning. Pope. ARTFULLY, art'-ful-le. ad. With art ; skilfully. Dryden. ARTFULNESS, art'-ful-ngs. n. s. Skill. Clieyne. Cunning. ARTHRFTICK, ar-tfirlt '-?k. 509. ) a. Gouty. Ar- ARTHRFTICAL,ar-tfirit / -e-kai. \ buihnot. Re- lating to joints. Brown. ARTHRITIS, ar-tfirlt'-is. n.s. [fy0 P m of poplar, the leaves of which always tremble. Mortimer. A'SPEN, as'-pen. a. Belonging to the asp tree. Shak. Made of aspen wood. Resembling an aspen tree. Donne. A'SPER*, as'-pfir. 98. n. s. A small Turkish coin of less value than our penny. Beaumont and Fletcher J'SPEi^as'-pur.a. [Lat.lRough; rugged. Bacon. To A'SPERATE §, as'-pe-rate. 91. v. a. [aspero, Lat.] To roughen. Boyle. D^p This word, and those that succeed it of the same family, seem to follow the general rule in the sound of the e before r when after the accent ; that is, to preserve it pure, and in a separate syllable. — See Principles, No. 555. W. ASPERA'TION, as-pe-ra'-shfin. n. s. A making rough. Diet. 107 ASS ASS [LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met}— pine, pin; ASPERGOIRE*, as-per-gw6r / . n. s. [aspersoir, Fr.] A holy-water-sprinkle. Warton. ASPERIFO LIOUS, as-per-e-fo'-le-us. a. One of the . divisions of plants, so called from the roughness of their leaves. ASPE'RITY, as-per'-e-te. n. s. Unevenness. Boyle. Roughness of sound. War-ton. Roughness of tem- per. Govern, of Tongue. Sharpness. Bp. Berkeley. A'SPERLY*, "or ASPRELY*, as'-pur-le. ad. Roughly} sharply. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. ASPERNATION, as-p&r-na'-shun. n. s. [aspernatio, Lat.] Neglect } disregard. Diet. A'SPEROUS, as' ; pe-rus. a. Rough. Boyle. To ASPE'RSE§, as-peree'. v. a. [aspergo, Lat.] To bespatter with censure. Clarendon. Simply, to cast upon. Heywood. ASPE'RSER*, as-peree'-fir. n. s. He who vilifies another. ASPE'RSION, as-per'-sh&n.n.s. A sprinkling. Shak. Calumny. Bp. Hall. ASPHA'LTICK, as-fal'-dk. 84. a. Gummy } bitu- minous. Milton. ASP HA' L TO 8, as-fal'-tns. n. s. [a^aXros.] A bitu- minous substance resembling pitch, chiefly found swimming on the Lacus Asphaltites, or Dead Sea, where anciently stood the cities of Sodom and Go- morrah. Milton. ASPHALT mi, as-fal'-tum. n. s. [Lat.] A bitu- minous stone found near the ancient Babylon. Chambers. ASPHODEL, as'-fo-delrc.s. [lilio-asphodelus, Lat.] Day-lily. Pope. ASPICK, as'-p'ik. n. s. The name of a serpent. Addison. The name of a piece of ordnance, which is said to carrv a twelve-pound shot. ASPFRANT*, "as-pl'-rant. n. s. [Fr.] A candidate. Hard. To ASPIRATE §, as'-pe-rate. 91. v. a. To pro- nounce with full breath. LigMfoot. To ASPIRATE, as'-pe-rate. v. n. To be pronounced with full breath. Dryden. ASPIRATE, as'-pe-rate. 91, 394. n. s. Pronounced with full breath. Holder. ASPIRATE*, as'-pe-rate. n. s. The mark to denote an aspirated pronunciation. Bentley. ASPIRATION, as-pe-ra'-shun. n. s. A breathing after 5 an ardent wish. Watts. The act of aspir- ins'. Sliak. The pronunciation of a vowel with full breath. Holder. To ASPFRE§, as-plre'. v. n. [aspiro, Lat.] To de- sire with eagerness. Sidney. To rise} to tower. Shakspeare. To ASPFRE*, as-plre'. v. a. To aspire to. Donne. ASPFREMENT*, as-plre'-ment. n. s. The act of aspiring. Brewer. ASPFRLR, as-plre' -ur. n. s. One that, ambitiously strives to be greater. Milton. ASPFRING*, as-plre'-lng. n.s. The desire of some- thing great. Hammond. Points} stops. Sir T. Herbert. ASPORTATION, as-por-uV-shim. n. s. [asportaiio, Lat.] A carrying away. Blackstone. ASQUINT, a-skwmt'. ad. [schuin, Dutch.] Oblique- ly. Swift. Not with regard or due notice. Fox. ASS,, as. n. s. [ayya, Sax.] An animal of burden. Slunk. A stupid, heavy, dull fellow. Shakspeare. To ASSA'IL§, as-saW. v. a. [assa iller, Fr.] To at- tack in a hostile manner. Spenser. To attack with argument. Shakspeare. ASSAILABLE, as-sa'-la-bl. 4(5. a. That which may be attacked. Sluikspeare. ASSAILANT, as-sa'-lant. n. s. He that attacks. Hay ward. ASSA'ILANT, as-sa'-lant. a. Attacking. Milton. ASSA'ILER, as-sa'-l&r. 98. n. s. One who attacks. Sidney. ASSA'ILMENT*, as-sale'-mSnt. n. s. Attack. John- son. AS&APA'NICK, as-sa-pan'-nik. n. s. A little ani- mal of Virginia, which is called in English the fly- ing squirrel. Trevoux. ASSA'RT, as-sart'. n. s. [essart, Fr.] An offence To To committed in the forest, by plucking up woods c y the roots. Cowel. To ASSA'RT, as-sart'. v. a. To commit an assart } to grub up. Ashmole. ASSASSIN §, as-sas'-sfn. ) n. s. [assassin. ASSASSINATE, as-sas'-se-nate. $ Fr.] A mur- derer } one that kills by treachery, or sudden vio- lence. Wotton. To ASSASSIN*, as-sas'-sin. v. a. To murder. Btit- lingfleet. ASSASSINACY*, as-sas'-se-na-se. n. s. The act of assassinating. Hammond. ASSASSINATE, as-sas'-se-nate.. n. s. Murder. B. Jonson. A murderer. To ASSASSINATE, as-sas'-se-nate. 91. v. a murder. Dryden. To way -lay. Milton. To ASSASSINATE*, as-sas'-se-nate. v. n. murder. Sandys. ASSASSINATION, as-sas-se-na'-shun. n. s.The act of assassinating. Shakspeare. ASSASSINATOR, as-sas'-se-na-t&r. n. s. Mur- derer. ASSASSINOUS*, as-sas'-e-ntts. a. Murderous. Cockeram. ASSATION, as-sa'-shftn. n.s. [assation, Fr.] Roast* ing. Browne. ASSA'ULT§, as-salt'. n.s. [assault, Fr.] Attack. Shak. Storm : opposed to sap or siege. £ Mace. v. Plostile violence. Spenser. Invasion. Clarendon. Injury offered to a man's person. Cowel. To ASSA'ULT, as-salt', v. a. To attack } to fall upon with violence. Esth. viii. ASSA'ULTABLE*, as-salt'-a-bi. a. Capable of as- sault. Sir Roger Williams. ASSA'ULTER, as-salt'-ur. n.s. One who violently assaults another. Sidney. ASSA'Y§, as-sa'. n. s. [essaye, Fr.] Examination, trial. Shak. The examination of measures and weights by the clerk of the market. The first en- trance upon any thing. Spenser. Trial by danger or distress. Spenser. Value. Spenser. To ASSA'Y, as-sa.'. v. a. To make trial of. Spenser. To apply to, as the touchstone in assaying metals, Milton. To try} to endeavour. 1 Sam. xvii. To ASSA'Y*, as-sa'. i;. n. To try } to endeavour. ASSA'YER, as-sa'-ur. 98. n. s. An officer of the mint, for the due trial of silver. Cowel. ASSECTATION, as-s£k-ta'-shun. n. s. [assectatio, LalJ Attendance, or waiting upon. Diet. To ASSECFJ'RE §*, as-se-kure'. v. a. [assecuro, low Lat.] To make one sure or certain. Bullokar. ASSECU'RANCE*, as-se-ku'-ranse. n. s. Assurance. Sheldon. ASSECURATION*, as-se-ku-ra'-shun. n.s. As- surance free from doubt. Bishop Hall. ASSECUTION, as-se-ku'-shun. n. s. [assequor, asse cutum, Lat.] Acquirement. Ayliff'e. ASSE'MBLAGE, as-sem'-biadje.90. n.s. [assemblage, Fr.] A collection of individuals. Locke. The state of being assembled. Thomson. ASSE'MBLANCE*, as-sem'-blanse. n. s. [assem- blance, Fr.] Representation. Shak. Assembling. Spenser. To ASSEMBLES, as-sem'-bl. 405. y. a. [assembler, Fr.] To bring together. Isaiah, xi. To ASSE'MBLE, as-sem'-bl. v. n. To meet together. Daniel, vi. ASSEMBLER*, as-sem'-blur. n. s. He who assem- bles or meets others. Hammond. ASS'EMBLING*, as-sem'-bhng. n. s. Meeting to- gether. Bp. Fleetwood. ASSEMBLY, as-sem'-ble. n. s. [assemblee, Fr.] A company met together. Shak. An assemblage. Howell. The assembly of divines, by way of dis- tinction ; recorded in the history of this country. Bp. Hall. ASSEMBLY-ROOM*, as-sem- -ble-rSSm. n. s. The room in which visitors assemble. Johnson. ASSE'NT§, as-sent', n.s. [assensus, Lat.] The act of agreeing to any thing. Shak. Consent. Hooker. ToASSE'NT, as-sent', v.n. To concede, or agr^e to. Acts, xxiv. 108 ASS ASS — n6 7 mflve, nflr, not; — tube, tub, biill; —flu; — pflfind; — Van, THis. ASSENTATION, as-sen-ta'-shfin. n. s. Compliance out of dissimulation. Lord Northampton. ASSENT A'TOR*, as-sen-uV-tur. n. s. A flatterer; a follower. Sir T. Ehjot. Ob. T. ASSENTER*, as-sflnt'-ftr. n. s. The person who consents. Sir T. Herbert. ASSE'NTINGLY*, as-sent'-lng-le. ac/.«According]y, or by agreement. Huloet. ASSE'NTMENT, as-sent'-rtient. «: s. Consent. Brown. To ASSE'RT$, as-sert'. v a. [asserb, Lat.] To maintain. Dryden. To affirm. Milton. To claim. Dry den. To rescue. Bp. Patrick. ASSERTION, as-seV-shun. n. s. The act of assert- ing. Position advanced. Browne. ASSE'RTIVE, as-seV-tlv. 158. a. Positive; dog- matical. Glanrilie. ASSE'RTIVELY*, as-seV-tlv-le. ad. Affirmatively. Bp. Bedell. ASSE'RTOR, as-seY-tur. 98. n. s. Maintainer; vindicator. Dryden. h>tur-e. a. Affirming; sup- ASSERTORY*, as' porting. Bp. Hall. To ASSE'RVE, as-serv'. v. a. [asservio, Lat.] To serve. Did. To ASSESS §, as-seV. v. a. [assesser, Fr.] To charge with any certain sum. ASSESS*, as-seV. n. s. Assessment. Princely Pelican. ASSESSABLE*, as-ses'-a-bl. a. That which may be assessed. ASSESSION, as-sSsh'-un. n. s. A sitting down by one. Diet. ASSESSIONARY* as-sesh'-un-a-re. a. Pertaining to assessors. Carew. ASSESSMENT, as-ses'-ment. n. s. The sum levied on property. Bp. Hall. The act of assessing. Howell. ASSESSOR, as-seV-sflr. 98. n. s. [assessor, Lat.] The person that sits by another. Dryden. He that sits by another as next in dignity. Milion. He that lays taxes. Raleigh. ASSETS, as'-slts. n. s. [assez, Fr.] Goods sufficient to discharge a debt. Cowel. To ASSE'VERS, as-seV-er. 98. ) To ASSEVERATE, as-seV-e-rate. 91, 555. ) v ' a ' [assevero, Lat.] To affirm with great solemnity. Fotherby. ASSEVERATION, as-sev-e-ra'-shfin. n. s. Solemn affirmation. Hooker. ASSHEAD, as'-hfld. n. s. [ass and head.~\ One slow cf apprehension; a blockhead. Bale. ASSFDUATE*,as-s?d'-ju-ate.a. Daily. K. Charles I. ASSIDUITY, as-se-diV-e-te. n. s. Diligence; close- ness of application. Addison. ASSI'DUOU3$, as-sld'-ju-us. 294, 376. a. [assiduus, Lat.] Constant in application. Milton. ASSFDUOUSLY, as-sld'-ju-us-le. ad. Diligently. Boyle. ASSIDUOUSNESS*, as-s!d'-jA-fis-nfls. n.s. Dili- gence. To ASSIE'GE, as-seeje'. v. a. [assurer, Fr.] To besiege. Diet. ASSIE'NTO, as-se-en'-to. n. s. [Span.] A contract between the king of Spain and other powers, for furnishing the Spanish dominions in America with negro slaves. Burke. To ASSIGN §, as-slne'. v. a. [assigno,ha,t.J To mark out. 2 Sam. xi. To appropriate. 2 maccab. iv. To fix the quantity or value. Locke. [In law.] To appoint a deputy, or make over a right to another. Coicel. ASSFGN*, as-sW. n. s. The person to whom any property is assigned. Warton. ASSIGNABLE, as-slne'-a-bl. a. That which may be marked out. South. A'SSIGNAT*, aV-srg-nat. n. s. [Fr.] The paper money of France after its Revolution. Burke. ASSIGNATION, as-s?g-na'-shun. n. s. An appoint- ment to meet ; used generally of love appointments. Spectator. A making over a thing to another. Sir, E. Sandys. Designation. Pearson. ASSIGNEE', as-se-ne'. n. ». He that is appointee by another to do any act. Cowel. ASSFGNER, as-sl'-nur. 98. /*. s. He that appoints. Decay of Piety. ASSPGNMENT, as-slne'-ment. n. s. Appropriation of any thing to another thing or person. Hooker. Designation. Mountagu. ASSPMILABLE, as-slm'-e-la-bl.a. That which may be converted to the same nature with something else. Brown. To ASSPMILATE §, as-sW-e-late. 91. v. n. [assimi- lo, Lat.] To convert food to nourishment. Bacon. To ASSPMILATE, as-slm'-e-late, 91. v. a. To briag to a likeness. Swift. To turn to its own na ture by digestion. Milton. ASSPM1LATENESS, as-slm'-me-late-nes. n. s. Likeness. Diet. ASSIMILATION, as-snu-me-la/-shun. n. s. The act of converting any thing to the nature of another. Bacon. The state of being assimilated. Brown. ASSFMILATIVE* as-slm'-me-la-tlv. a. Having the power of turning to its own nature by digestion. Hakeici/l. To ASSFMULATE§, as-sW-u-late. v. a. [assimulo, Lat.] To feign. Diet. ASSIMULA'TION, as-slm-u-la'-shun. n. s. A coun- terfeiting. Diet. ASSINE'GO*, as-se-ne'-go. n. s. [Portuguese.] An ass. Sir T. Herbert. To ASSISTS, as-slst'. v. a. [assisto, Lat.] To help Romans, xvi. To ASSIST*, as-slst'. v. n. To help. Nelson. ASSISTANCE, as-sls'-tanse. n.s. Help. Stillingfieet. ASSISTANT, as-s?s'-tant. a. Helping. Hale. ASSISTANT, as-sfe'-tanl. n. s. xVn auxiliary. Ba con. Attendant. Dryden. ASSISTER*, as-slst'-ur. n. s. A helper. Ash. ASSISTLESS*,as-s?st / -l^s. a. Wanting help. Pope. ASSPZE $, as-slze'. n. s. [assise, Fr.] An assembly of knights and others, with the bailiff or justice. A jury. An ordinance or statute. Blackstone. The court, place, or time, where and when the writs of assize are taken. Cowel. Any court of justice. Dryden. Assize of bread, ale, &c. Measure of price or rate. Measure. Spenser. To ASSPZE, as-slze'. «. a. To fix the rate. Gower. ASSPZER, or ASSPSER, as-sl'-zur. n. s. An offi- cer that has the care of weights and measures CJiambers. ASSLTKE*, as'-llke. a. Resembling an ass. Sidney To ASSO'BER*, as-sfl'-bfir. v. a. To keep sober G.ywer. Ob. T. ASSO'CIABLE, as-sfl'-she-a-bl. a. Sociable; com panionable. To ASSOCIATE §, as-sfl'-she-ate. 91. v. a. [asso- cio, Lat.] To unite with another. Shak. To adopt as a friend. Dryden. To accompany. Shak. To unite. Sir E. Sandys. ASSOCIATE, as-s6'-she-ate. 91. o. Confederate. Milton.. ASSOCIATE, as-so'-she-ate. n. s. A partner. Sid- ney. A confederate. Hooker. A companion. Wotton. ASSOCIATION, as-s6-she-a/-sh6n. [See Pronun- ciation.] n. s. Union. Hooker. Confederacy. Hooker. Partnership. Boyle. Connexion. Watts. Apposition. Newton. An assembly of persons. Burke. ASSO'CIATOR* as-s6-she-a'-tor. n. s. A confede- rate. Dryden. To ASSO'IL* as-sflll'. v. a. [assoiler, old Fr.] To solve. Mede. To release or set free. Bp. Taylor. To absolve by confession. Percy. To stain; to soil. Beaumont and Fletcher. ASSONANCE §, as'-so-nanse. n. s. [assonance, Fr.] Resemblance of sound. Diet. ASSONANT, as'-s6-nant. a. Sounding in a manner resembling another sound. Did. To ASSONATE* as'-sA-nate. v. n. [assono, Lat.] To sound, like a bell. Cockeram. To ASSO'RT § ; as-sflrt'. v. a. [assortii . Fr.] To fur nish with all sorts. Burke. 109 ASS AST 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met; — pine, pm ; — 91. v. a. [assuefa- ASSORTMENT, as-sort'-ment. n. s. The act of classing or ranging. J?. Johnson. A quantity prop- erly selected. A. S?nith. To ASSOT, as-sot'. v. a. [assoter, Fr.] To infatuate. Spenser. Ob. J. To ASSUA'GE §, as-swaje'. 331. v. a. [assoager, old Fr.] To mitigate. Addison. To appease. Fairfax. To ease. To ASSUA'.GE, as-swaje'. v.n. To abate. Gen. viii. ASSUA'GEMENT, as-swaje'-ment. n. s. Mitigation. Spertser. ASSUA'GER, as-swa / -far.98.n.s. One wno pacifies. ASSUA'SIVE, as-swa/-s?v. 158, 428. a. Softening; mitigating. Pope. To AfeSlPBJECT*, as-sub'-jelt. v. a. [assoubjectir Fr.J To make subject. Cotgrave. To ASSU'BJUGATE, as-sub'-ju-gate To subject to. Shakspeare. Ob. J. ASSUEFACTION, as-swe-fak'-shun. n. do. Lat.] Accustomed to any thing. Brown, A'SSUETUDE, as'-swe-uide. 334. n. s. Custom. Bacon. To ASSU / MEv,as-sume / .454.u. a. [assumo, Lat.] To take. Pope. To take upon one's self. Dryden. To arrogate. To suppose something granted with- out proof. Boyle. To appropriate. Clarendon. §£f Why Mr. Sheridan should pronounce this word and the word consume without the h, and presume and re- sume, as it" written prezhoom and rezhoom, is not easily conceived -, the s ought to be aspirated in all or none. — See Principles, 454, 478, 479. W. To ASSU'ME§, as-sume'. v.n. To be arrogant. Burnet ASSU'MENT*, as-su'-ment. n. s. [assumentum, Lat.] A patrh or piece set on. Lewis. ASSU'MER, as-siY-mur. 98. n. s. An arrogant man. South. ASSU'MFNG, as-su'-mmg. part. a. Arrogant. Dryd. ASSU'MING*, as-su/'-mlng. n. s. Presumption. B. Jonson. ASSUMPSIT, as-sum'-slt. n. s. A voluntary promise made by word, whereby a man taketh upon him to perform or pay any thing to another. Cowel. To ASSU'MPT* as-sumpt'. v. a. To take up from below unto a hierh place. Sheldon. Ob. T. ASSU'MPT* as-sumpt 7 . n. s. That which is assumed. Chillinvworth. ASSUMPTION, as-sum'-shun. n. s. Taking any thing to one ; s self. Hammond. The supposition. Norris. The thing supposed. Dryden. South. The taking up any person into heaven, which is supposed by the Romish church of the Blessed Vir- gin. Stillingfieet. Simply, the act of taking. How- ell. Adoption. Warton. ASSU'MPTrvTS, as-sum'-tlv. 157. a. That is as- sumed. ASSU'RANCE, ash-shu-'ranse. n. s. Certain expec- tation. South. Secure confidence. Spenser. Free- dom from doubt. Hooker. Firmness. Rogers. Confidence; want of modesty. Sidney. Freedom from vicious shame. Locke. Ground of confidence. Sidney. Spirit; intrepidity. Knolles. Sanguine- ness. Hammond. Testimony of credit. Shakspeare. Conviction. Tillotson. [In theology.] Security with lespect to a future state. The same with insurance. Security to make good the loss. Shakspeare. To ASStPRE^, ash-shure'.455. v. a. [asseurer, Fr.] To give confidence by promise. 2 Mace. To secure to another. Rogers. To make confident. Uohn, hi. To make secure. Spenser. To affiance ; to betroth. Shakspeare. ASSU'RED, ash-slnV-rgd, or ash-shurd'. 359. part. a. Certain; indubitable. Bacon. Certain ; not doubt- ing. Shakspeare. Viciously confident. ASSU'RED LY, ash-shiV-red-le. 364. ad. Certainly. Shakspeare. ASSUREDNESS, ash-shu'-iSd-iies. 365. n. s. Cer- tainty. Hafcewill. ASSU'RER, ash-shu'-rur. n. s. He that gives assu- rance. He that gives security. A de- [astipu' Agree- TbASSWA'GE*. See To Assuage. ASTERISK, as'-le-rfsk. n. s. [iar^iaKos, Gr.] A mark in printing, in form of a little star ; as *. Grev) A'STERISM, as'-te-rlzm. n. 5. [a<77-fpjo-/joj.] A con- stellation. Bentley. An asterisk, or mark. Dryden. ASTERFTES*, as-ter-i'-tez. n. s. A starry stone ASTE'RN, a-siern'. ad. In the hinder part of the ship. Dryden. To ASTE'RT, a-stert'. v. a. To terrify; to startle. Spenser. A'STHMA§, ast'-ma. 471. n.s. [ a. [atramen- ATRAMENTOUS, at-tra-inen'-tus. $ turn, Lat.] Inky; black. Brown. A'TRED*, a'-terd. a. [ater, Lat.] Tinged with a black colour. IVhitaker. ATROCIOUS §, a-tri'-shus. 292. a. [olrox, Lat.] Wicked in a high degree. Ayliffe. ATROCIOUSLY, at-tnV-shus-le. ad. In an atro- cious manner. Ixyvcth. ATROCIOUSNESS, a-trtV-shus-ngs. n.s. Being enormously criminal. Home. ATROCITY, a-tr&s'-se-te. 511. n.s. Horrible wick- edness . Wotton. A'TROPHY, at'-tr6-fe. n.s. [*rpo0«.] A disease in which the food cannot contribute to the support of the body. Milion. To ATTACHE, at-talsh/. v. a. [attache,; Fr.] To arrest. Cowel. To seize in a judicial manner. Sfuik. To lay hold on, as by power. Shak. To win ; to gain over. Milton. To fix to one's inter- est. Rogers. ATTACHMENT, at-tatsh'-ment. n.s. Adherence; fidelity. Addison. Attention; regard. Arbuthnoi. An apprehension of a man to bring him to answer an action. The jurisdiction of the forest. Howell. To ATTACK §, at-tak'. v. a. [attaquer, Fr.] To as- sault an enemy. Philips. To impugn in any manner. ATTACK, at-tak'. n. s. An assault. Pope. ATTACKER, at-tak'-ur. 98. n. s. The person that attacks. Elphinstone. 2b ATTAINS, at-uW. v. a. [attineo, LatJ To gain ; to obtain. Tillotson. To overtake. Bacon. To come to. Milton. To reach. Bacon. To ATTAIN, at-tane'. v. n. To come to a certain state. Arbuthnot. To arrive at. Psalm cxxxix. ATTAIN, at-uW.rc.s. Attainment. Glanville. Ob. J. ATTAINABLE, at-tane'-a-bl. a. Procurable. Tillot. ATTAIN ABLENESS, at-tane'-a-bl-nes. n. s. Be- ing attainable. Cheyne. ATTAINDER, at-uW-dur. 98. n.s. [attainder, old Fr.] The act of attainting in law; conviction of a crime. Bacon. Taint. Slmkspeare. ATTAINMENT, at-tane'-ment. n.s. That which is attained. Glanville. The act of attaining. Hooker. To ATTAINT §, at-tant'.v.a. To disgrace. Spenser. To attaint is particularly used for such as are found guilty of some crime, especially of felony or trea- son. Cowel. To taint 5 to corrupt. Shakspeare. ATTAINT^at-uW. part. a. Convicted. Sudkr. ATTAINT, at-taiit'. n. s. Any thing iiijui ious. SluM Stain ; spot. Shak. A wound on the hinder fee* . of a horse. Farrier's Diet. [In law.] A writ so called. Burnet. ATTA'INTMENT*, at-tant'-ment. n. s. The slate of being attainted. Ashmole. ATTAINTURE, at-uW-tshure. 461. n.s. Legal censure. Shakspeare. To ATTA'MlNATE^t-tam'-e-nate. v. a. [attamino LatJ To corrupt. To ATTACK* at-task'. v. a. To task ; to tax Slmkspeare. To ATTA'STE* at-taste'. v. a. To taste. Mirror for Magistrates. Ob. T. To ATTiyMPERiat-tem'-pur.w.a. [attemper t^Lat.] To mingle ; to dilute. Gower. To soften. Bacon. To mix in just proportions. Spenser. To fit to. Spenser. ATTE'MPERANCE*, at-tem'-pur-anse. n. s. Tem- perance. Chaucer. ATTE'MPERLY*, at-teW-pur-le. ad. In a temperate manner. Chaucer. Ob. T. To ATTE'MPERATE, at-uW-pe-rale. 555. v. a. To proportion to. Hnnmond. ToATTE'MPT^at-temt'^^.r.a. [aUenter, Fr.] To attack. Shak. Totrv. 1 Mace. xii. To tempt. Spenser. To ATTEMPT, at-temt'. v.n. To make an attack. Glamnlle. ATTE'MPT, at-temt'. 412. n. s. An attack. Bacon. An essay. Slmkspeare. ATTE'MPTABLE, at-temt'-ta-bl. a. Liable to at- tempts. Shakspeare. ATTE'MPTER, at-temt'-tur. n.s. An invader. Mil- ton. An endeavour. Glanidlle. To ATTEND ^at-teiuF. v. a. [attendo. Lat.] To re- gard. Sidney. To wait on. Shak. To accompa- ny as an enemy. Clarendon. To be present with, upon a summons. To accompany. Shak. To ex- pect. Raleigh. To wait on, Spenser. To be con- sequent to. Clarendon. To remain to; to await Locke. To wait for insidiously. Shak. To be bent upon. Dryden. To stay for. Shakspeare. To mind. 2. Mac.cab. xi. To ATTEND, at-tend'. v. n. To yield attention. Milton. To stay. Davies. To wait; to be within reach or call. Spenser. To wait, as compelled by authority. Clarendon. ATTENDANCE, at-ten'-danse. n.s. The act of waiting on. Shak. Service. Shak. The persons waiting; a train. Milton. Attention. 1 Tim. iv. Expectation. Hooker. ATTENDANT, at-ten'-dant. a. Accompanying as subordinate. Milton. ATTENDANT, at-ten'-dant. n. s. One that attends. Shak. One of the train. Dryden. Suitor or agent. Burnet. One that is present. Swift. [In law ] One that oweth a duty to another. Cowel. A con- comitant or consequent. Milton. ATTENDER, at-ten'-dur. 98. n. s. Companion. B. Jonson. ATTENT, at-tent ; . a. Intent ; attentive. 2 Chron. vii. ATTENTATES, at-ten'-tates. n. s. Proceedings in a court of judicature, after an inhibition is decreed. Ayliffe. ATTENTION, at-teV-shim. n. s. The act of attend- ing or heeding. Shakspeare. ATTENTD7E, at-teV-uV. 158. a. Heedful; regard- ful. Hooker. ATTENTIVELY, at-teV-tlv-le. ad. Heedfully. Bacon. ATTENTIVENESS, at-ten'-tiv-nes. n. s. Attention. Knight. ATTENUANT, at-teV-u-ant. a. A diluting power. To ATTENUATE §, ai-ten'-u-ate. v. a. [attenuo, Lat.] To make thin. Boyle. To lessen. Howell. ATTENUATE, at-ten'-u-ate. 91. a. Made thin. Bacon. ATTENUA'TION, at-ten-u-a'-shun. n.s. Lessening. Bacon. The state of being made thin. Donne. A'TTER, at'-tur. 98. n.s. [atep, Sax.] Corrupt mat- ter. Skinner. 112 ATT AUD — n6, mdve, n6r, not ; — .ube, tub, bull ; — oil ;— pftfind J— th\n, th'is. To ATTE'ST $ at-t&t'. v. a. [attestor, LatJ To bear witness. Addison. To eall to witness. Dryden. ATTE'ST, at-test'. n. s. Witness. Shakspeare. ATTESTATION, at-teVta'-shfin. n. s. Testimony. Government of the Tongue. ATTE'STER*, or ATTE'STOR*, at-tgst'-ur. n.s. A witness. Spenser. ATTIC AL* at'-ie-kal. a. [Atticus, LaL] Relating- to the style of Athens ; pure; classical. Hammond". To ATTICISE §*, at'-te-slze. v. n. [£r™t>, Gr.] To use an atticism. Bentley. ATTICISM*, at'-te-slziri. n.s. An imitation of the Attick style. Bentley. ATTICK*, at'-tlk. d. Belonging to Athens ; pure ; classical; elegant. Milton. ATTICK*, at'-tlk. n. s. A native of Attica. Bentley. The garret or uppermost room in a house. To AT TFNGE, at-tmje'. v. a. [attingo, Lat.] To touch lightly. Vict. To ATTFRES.at-tW. v. a. [attirer, Fr.] To dress. Spenser. [In heraldry.] Attired is used among heralds, in speaking of the horns of a buck or stag. Bullokar. ATTFRE, at-tlre'. n. s. Clothes. Hooker. The head- dress, in particular. The horns of a buck or stag. The flower of a plant is divided into three ,-arts, the empalement, the foliation, and the attire. Diet. ATTFRER, at-ti'-rur. n. s. A dresser. Diet. ATTFRFNG*, at-tlre'-kg. n. s. The head-dress. Sidney. ToATTFTLE* at-tl'-tl. v. a. To entitle. Gamer. Ob. T. ATTITUDE, at'-te-tude. n. s. [attitude, Fr.] The posture in which a person, statue, or painted figure, is placed. Prior. ATTO'LLENT, at-tol'-lent. a. [attollens, Lat.] That which lifts up. Derham. To ATTO'NE*. See Atone. To ATTO'RN §* or ATTU'RN^*, at-turn'. v. a. [attorner, old Fr.] To transfer the service of a vas- sal. Sadler. To ATTO'RN*, at-turn'. v.n. To acknowledge a new possessor of property, and accept tenancy under him. Blaekslone. ATTO'RNEY, at-tur'-ne. 165. n.s. He who by con- sent, commandment, or request, takes upon him the charge of other men's business. Cornel. It was an- ciently used for those who did any business for another. Shakspeare. To ATTO'RNEY, at-tur'-ne. v. a. To perform by proxy. Shak. To employ as a proxv. Sfiak. ATTORNEYSHIP, at-t&r'-ne-shlp. n. s. TheofSce of an attorney. Shakspeare. YTTO'URNMENT, at-turu -m&il. n. s. A yielding of the tenant to a new lord. Cowel. To ATTRACT $, at-trakt'. v. a. [attraho,attr -actum. LatJ To draw to. Broion. To allure. Milton. ATTRACT, at-trakt'. n.s. Attraction. Hudibras. Ob. J. ATTRACTABFLITY*, at-trakt-a-bn'-e-te. n. s. Having the power of attraction. Sir W. Jones. ATTRA'CTICAL, at-trak'-te-kal. a. Having the power to draw to it. Ray. ATTRA'CTINGLY*, at-trakt'-mg-le. ad. In an at- tracting manner. ATTRACTION, at-trak'-shun. n. s. The power of drawing. Bacon. Or of alluring. Shakspeare. ATTRACTIVE, at-trak'-tfv. 158. a. Having the rjower to draw. Milton. Inviting. Shakspeare. ATTRACTIVE, at-trak'-tlv. n. s. That which draws or incites. Lord Herbert. ATTRACTIVELY, at-trak'-uVle. ad. With the power of attracting. ATTRACTIVENESS, at-trak'-Uv-nes. n. s. Being attractive. History of the Royal Society. ATT R ACTOR, at-trak'-tfir. 98. n. s. A drawer. Browne. ATTRAHENT, at'-tra-henl. 503. n. s. That which draws. Glmiville. To ATTRA'P* at-trap'.r.a. [trappatura, low Lat.] To clothe 3 to dress. Barret. s. [attrecta- ATTRECTA'TION, at-tr£k-ta'-shun. : tio, Lat.'J Frequent handling. Diet. ATTRIBUTABLE, at-trfb'-u-ta-bl.a. Ascribablej imputable. Hale. To ATTRFBUTE §, at-tr?b'-ute. 492. v. a. [attribuo, Lat.] To ascribe. Hooker. To impute. Spenser. ATTRIBUTE, al'-tre-bule. 492. n. s. The ihing attributed to another. Raleigh. Quaiity. Bacon. A thing belonging to another. Shak. Reputation. Shakspeare. ATTRIBUTION, at-tre-biV-shun. n. s. Commen- dation; qualities ascribed. Sliaks]Kare. ATTRPBUTIVE*, at-trlb'-ii-tlv. a. Tnat which at- tributes. Shakspeare. ATTRI'BUTIVE*, at-tr1b'-u-t?v. n. s. The thing attributed. Harris. ATTRFTE§, at-trlte'. a. [ath-iius, Lat.] Ground. Milton. [With divines.] Sorry. Alrp. Usher. ATTRFTENESS, at-trhe' -lie's, n. s. The being much worn. ATTRITION, at-tr?sh'-fin. 507. n. s. [attritio, Lat.] The act of wearing, by rubbing. Woodward. The state of being worn. Grief for sin, arising only from fear; the lowest degree of repentance. Wat' lis. To ATTUNE, at-tune'. w. a. To make any thing musical. Milton. To tune. Harris. AT WAIN*, a-twane'. ad. [Sax.] In twain; asun- der. Shakspeare ATWE'EN, a-tweea'. ad. or prep. Between. Spen- ser. Ob. J. ATWI'XT, a-twlkst'. prep. Betwixt. Spenser. Ob. J. AT WO'*, a-t63'. ad. [on tpa, Sax.] Into two. Chancer. A'UBURN, aw'-burn. a. Brown ; of a tan colour. Sliakspeare. A'UCTION§, awk'-shun. n.s. [«?/cft'o,Lat.] A man- ner of sale in which one person bids after an- other. Student, ii. The things sold by auction- Pope. To A'UCTION, awk'-shun. v. a. To sell Dy auc- tion. A'UCTIONARY, awk -shun-a-re. a. Belonging to an auction. Dryden. AUCTIONEER, awk-shun-eer'. 275. 11. s. The per. son that manages an auction. Student, ii. A'UCTIVE, awk'-uV. 158. a. Of an increasing qual- itv. Diet. AUCUPATION, aw-ku-pa'-shun. n. s. [aucupatio. Lat.] Fowling; bird-catching. Diet. AUDACIOUS §, aw-da'-shfis. 292. a. [audax Let.] Bold ; impudent. Sliak. That which makes bold! Beaumont and Fletcher. Spirited. B. Jonson. AUDACIOUSLY, aw-da'-shfis-le. ad. Boldly ; im- pudently. Shakspeare. AUDACIOUSNESS, aw-da'-shus-n£s. n. s. Impu- dence. Sir E. Sandys. AUDACITY, aw-das'-e-te. 511. n.s. Spirit; bold- ness. Shakspeare. A'UDIBLE$, aw'-de-bl. 405. a. [audibilis, Lat.] That which may be heard. Bacon. Loud enough to be heard. Bacon. A'UDIBLE*, aw'-de-bl. n.s. The object of hearing. More. A'UDIBLENESS. aw'-de-bl-nes. n. of being heard. A'UDIBLY, aw'-de-ble. ad. So as to be heard. Milton. A'UDrENCE, aw'-je-ense. 293, 294. n. s. The act of hearing. Shak. A hearing. Hooker. An au- ditory. 3lilton. The reception of any man who delivers a solemn message. Dryden. A'UDIENCE-CHAMBER*, aw'-je-^nse-tshW- bur. n. s. The place of reception for a solemn meeting. Translation of Boccalini. A'UDlENCE-CWi!, aw'-je-ense-k6rte. A court belonging to the archbishop of Canterbury, of equal authority with the arches court, though infe- riour both in dignity and antiquity. Burn, EccL Law. A'UDIENT* aw'-je-ent. n. s. A hearer. Shelton. 113 AUL Aur \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met 5— pine, pin ;— A'UDIT, aw'-dit. n. s. A final account. Hooker. To A'UDIT, aw'-dlt. v. a. To take an account final- ly. Ayliffe. To AUDIT, aw'-dlt. v. n. To sum up. Arbuihnot. AUDIT-HOUSE*, aw'-dlt-hduse. n. s. An append ance to most cathedrals, for the transaction of af fairs belonging to them. Sir G. Wilder. AUDITION, aw-dish'-un. 507. n. s. Hearing. A'UDITIVE*, aw'-de-tlv. a. Having the power of hearing. Cotgrave. AUDITOR, aw'-de-tur. 98, 503, (b.) n.s. A hearer. Sidney. A person employed to take an account. SJiakspeare. ATJDITORSHIP*, aw'-de-tur-shlp. n. s. The of- fice of auditor. Johnson. AUDITORY, Iw'-de-tur-re. 557. a. That which has the power of hearing. Newton. AUDITORY, aw'-de-tur-re. n. s. An audience. South. Aplace where lectures are heard. Warton. ATJDITRESS, aw'-de-tres. n. s. The woman that hears. Milton. AUF, awf. n. s. [alf Dutch.] A fool, or silly fellow. Burton. A'UGER, aw'-gur. 98, 166. n. s. [egger, Dutch.] A tool to bore holes with. Moxon. AUGHT, awt. 393. pronoun, [auhfc, apihfc, Sax.] Any thing. SJiakspeare. To AUGMENT §, awg-ment'. v. a. [augmenter, Fr.] To increase. Fairfax. To AUGMENT, awg-ment'. v. n. To grow bigger. Sidney. A'UGMENT, awg'-ment. 492. n. s. Increase. Wal- ton. State of increase. AUGMENTATION, awg-men-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of increasing. Addison. The state of being made bigger. Benlley. The thing added to make bigger. Hoo/cer. [In heraldry.] An especial mark of honour, borne either as an escutcheon, or a can- ton. AUGMENTATION Court. A court erected by king Henry the Eighth, for the increase of the revenues of his crown, by the suppression of mon- asteries . Warton. AUGMENTATP7E* awg-men'-ta-uV. a. Having the quality of augmenting. Instructions foi\Ora- AUGMENTER*, awg-ment'-ur. n. s. He who en- larges. Johnson. A'UGRE. n. s. See Auger. A'UGRE-HOLE, aw'-gur-h&e. n. s. A hole made by an augre. Shakspeare. AUGUR §, aw'-gur. 98, 166. n. s. [augur, Lat.] One who pretends to predict by omens. Shakspeare. To ATJGUR. aw 7 -gur. v. n. To guess 3 to conjec- ture by signs. Shakspeare. To AUGUR, aw'-gur. v. a. To foretell. B. Jonson. To AUGURATE, aw'-gu-rate. 91. v. n. To judge by augury. Warburton.. AUGURA'TION, aw-gu-ra'-shfin. n. s. The prac- tice of augury. Brown. A'UGURER, aw'-gur-ur. 555. n. s. An augur. Shakspeare. AUGU'RIAL, aw-gu'-re-al. a. Relating to augury. Browne. To AUGURISE, aw'-gur-lze. v. n. To practise augury. Diet. ATJGUROUS, aw'-gur-us. a. Predicting. Chapman. A 'UGURY, aw'-gu-re. 179. n. s. Prognosticating by omens. SJiak. An omen or prediction. Dryden. AUGUST, aw'-gust. n. s. [Augustus, Lat.] The eighth month from January inclusive, dedi- cated to the honour of Augustus Caesar. Peacliam. iUGU'ST^aw-gusl'. 494. a. Great ; grand ; awful. Glanville. AUGU'STNESS, aw-g&st'-nes. n. s. Elevation of look; dignity. AUK*, awk. n. s. [aulka, Isl.] A sea bird. Pennant. AU'KWARD. See Awkward. AULARIAN* aw-la'-re-an. n. s. [aula, Lat.] The member of a hall ; and so called at Oxford, by way of distinction from col/egia.ns. Life of A. Wood. AULD,awld.a. [alb, Sax.] Old. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. AULE'TICK, aw-let'-ik. 508. a. [av\*s, Gr.] Be- longing to pipes. Diet. A'ULICK, aw'-lik. a. [aulicus, Lat.] Belonging to . the court. AULN, awn. n. s. [aulne, Fr.] A French measure ! of length ; an ell. ! To AUMAIL, aw-male'. v. a. [maille, Fr.] To I variegate j to figure. See Amelled. Spcuser. iAU'MBRY. See Ambry. AUNT, ant. 214. n. s. [ante, old Fr.] A father or mother's sister. Shakspeare. A'UNTER*, n. s. Old word for Adventure. A 7 URATE, aw' -rate. n. s. A sort of pear. A'UREAT* aw'-re-at. a. [auratus, Lat.] Golden Skelion. Ob. T. AURE'LIA, aw-re'-le-a. n. s. [Lat.] The first appa rent change of the maggot of insects. Chambers. ATJRICLE5, aw'-re-kl. 405. n.s. [auricula, Lai } The external ear. Two appendages of the heart, resembling the external ear. Chambers. AURICULA, aw-rlk'-u-la. n. s. A flower. Thom- son. AURICULAR, aw-rlk'-u-lar. a. Within the sense of hearing. Simkspeare. Secret ; as, auricular confes- sion. Communion Service in King Edward VI.'s time. Traditional. Bacon. AURICULARLY, aw-rlk'-u-lar-le. ad In a secret manner. Decay of Piety. . AURIFEROUS, aw-rif-fe-rus. a. \aurifer, Lat.] That which produces gold. Thomson. AURIGATION, aw-re-ga'-shun. n. s. [aumga, Lat.] The practice of driving carriages. Diet. AURIPIGMENTUM. See Orpiment. AL T/ RIST*, aw'-rlst. n. s. [auris, Lat.] One who pro- fesses to cure disorders in the ear. Ash's Diet A URO'RA, aw-r6'-ra. 545. n. s. [Lat.] A species of crowfoot. The goddess that opens the gates of day; poetically, the morning. Thomson. AURO'RA Borealis, aw-rc-'-ra-bi-re-a'-lrs. [Lat.] Light streaming in the night from the north. A' UR UM Fulminans, aw-mm-ful'-me-nanz. [Lat.] A preparation made by dissolving gold in aqua re- gia, and precipitating it with salt of tartar 5 whence a very small quantity of it becomes capable of giv- ing a report like that of a pistol. Quincy. AUSCULTATION, aws-kul-ta'-shur.. n. s. [aus- culto, Lat.] Listening to. Hickes. To AUSPICATE*, aw'-spe-kate. v. a. To foreshow B. Jonson. To begin a business. Burke. A'USPICE^, aw'-spis. 140, 142. n.s. [auspicium, Lat.] Omens drawn from birds. Bp. Story. Pro- tection. B. Jonson. Influence. B. Jonson. AUSPI'CIAL, aw-spish'-al. 292. a. Relating to prog- nosticks. AUSPICIOUS, aw-sp?sh'-us. 292. a. Having omens of success. Sprat. Prosperous. Dryden. Favour- able 5 propitious. Shak. Lucky; happv. Shak. AUSPICIOUSLY, aw-splsh'-os-le. ad. Prosperous- ly. Middleton. AUSPICIOUSNESS, aw-splsh'-us-ngs. n. s. Pros- perity. AUSTE'RE§, a,v-stere'. a. [austerus, Lat.] Severe, harsh. Rogers. Sour of taste. Blackmore. AUSTE'RELY, aw-stere'-le. ad. Rigidly. Shak. AUSTE'RENESS, aw-stere'-ues. n. s. Severity Shakspeare. AUSTERITY, aw-steV-e-te. 511. n. s. Severity ; mortified life. B. Jonson. Cruelty. Roscommon. AUSTRAL 6, aws'-tral. a. Southern. To AUSTRALIZE, aw'-stral-lze. v. n. [auster, Lat.] To tend towards the south. Brown. AUSTRINE, aws'-trin. 140. a. Southern. AUTHENTICAL. aw-Z/ien'-te-kal. 509. a. Not fic- titious. Hale. AUTHENTICALLY, aw-Z/ien'-te-kal-le. ad. Af- ter an authentick manner. Browne. AUTHENTIC ALNESS, aw-tfien'-te-kal-nSs. n. s. Genuineness. Baivmo. To AUTHENTICATE*, aw-f/ien'-te-kate. 91. v. a. To prove by author! ty. Warton. AUTHENTICITY, aw-f/ien-tls'-s* te n. s. Au thority. 114 AUT AVE — no, mcVe, n6V, not; — tube, tub, bull; — Sfl; — p6und; — #iin, this. AUTHE'NTICK $, aw-tfjeV-t?k. a. [authenticus, Lat.] Genuine ; having authority. MUton. AUTHE NTICKLY, aw-tfien'-tik-le\ ad. After an authentick manner. Bp. Barlow. AUTHE'NTICKNESS, lw-tf£n'-tlk-n&. n. s. Au- thenticity. Still ins fleet. A'UTHOR§, aw'-&. 98,418. n.s. [auctor, Lat.] The first beginner or mover. Hooker. The efficient. Shakspeare. The first writer of any thing. Dryden. A writer in general. Shakspeare. To A'UTHOR*, aw'- Assistant. Milton. AUXFLIARY Verb. A verb that helps to conjugate other verbs. con South. Help. Did tur-&. a. Assisting AUXFLIAR, awg-zfl'-yar. )n.s. Helper j AUXFLIARY, awg-zfl'-ya-re. \ federate. So, AUXILIATION,awg-zil-e-a'-shun AUXFLIATORY*,aw ff -zu / -e-a-i Sir E. Sandys. To AVA'IL $, a-vale'. v. a. [mloir, Fr.] To profit Milton. To promote. Pope. To AVA'IL, a-vale 7 . v. n. To be of use. Dryden. AVA'IL, a-vale 7 . n. s. Profit. Spenser. AVAILABLE, a-va'-la-bl. a. Profitable. Atterbury Powerful. Hooker. AVAILABLENESS, a-va'-Ia-bl-nSs. n. s. Powe* of promoting the end for which it is used. Hale Leg'al force. AVAILABLY, a-va'-la-ble. ad. Powerfully. Le fally; validly. AILMENT, a-vale'-ment. n. s. Usefulness. To AVA'LE§, a-vale'. v. a. [avaler, Fr.] To let fall ; to depress. Spenser. Ob. J. To AVA'LE, a-vale'. v. n. To sink. Spenser. A VA'NT. The front of an army. Goiver. AV ANT-COURIER* a-vant'-k66-reer. n. s. [Ft.] One who is despatched before the rest to notify their approach. AVANT-GUARD, a-vant'-gard. n. s. [Fr.] The van ; the first body of an army. Hayward. A'VARICE$, av'-a-rls. 142. n.s. [ava?itia, Lat.] Covetousness. Shakspeare. AVARFCIOUS, av-a-rfsh'-us. 292. a. Covetous. AVARICIOUSLY, av-a<-fsh'-fis-le. ad. Covetously . Goldsmith. AVARFC10USNESS,av-a-r?sh'-fis-nes. n.s. Cov- etousness. AVAROUS*, av'-a-r&s. a. Covetous. Gower. Ob. T. AVA'ST, a-vast'. ad. Enough; stop : common among seamen. Cumberland. AVAU'NCEMENT*, a-vanse'-ment. n. s. Advance- ment. Bale. To AVAU'NT §*, a-vant'. v. a. [avantare, Ital.] To boast. Abp. Cranmer. To AVAU'NT*, a-vant'. v. n. To come before ; to advance. Spenser. AVAU'NT*, a-vlnt' } Boasting AVAU'NTANCE*, d-vant'-anse. i cJ^ObT' AVAU'NTRY*, a-vant'-re. $ C/wucer> UD ' J ' AVAU'NT, a-vant'. 216. interj. A word of abhorrence, by which any one is driven away. Shakspeare. A 1 VE*, a'-ve. n. s. [ave, Lat.] The first part of the salutation, used by the Romanists, to the Virgin Mary ; an abbreviation of the Ave Maria, or Am Mary. Spenser. To AVE'L, a-veT. v. a. [aveUo, Lat.] To pull away. Brown. AVENAGE, av'-en-idje. 90. n. s. [arena, Lat.] A quantity of oats paid as a rent. Diet. AVENER*, or A'VENOR*, av'-e-nur. n. s. [avay- ner, old Fr.] An officer of the stable. BircKs Lift of Henry. 115 AVO AWA [CF 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- roAVE'NGES, a-vemV. u. a. [tw^er, Fr.] To revenge. Isaiah. To punish. Dryden. AVE / NGE*,a-ve'nje / .n..s. Revenge. Spenser. Ob. T. AVE'NGEANCE, a-ven'-janse. 244. n. s. Punish- ment. Philips. AVE'NGEMENT, a-venje'-ment. n. s. Vengeance. Spenser, AVE'NGER, a-ven'-jur. n. s. Punisher. 1 Tims. Revenger. Dryden. aVE'NGERESS, a-ven'j&r-es, n. s. A female avenger. Spenser. Ob. J. WENS, av'-enz. n. s. Herb bennet. Miller. WENTURE, a-ven'-tshure. 461. n. s. [aventure, Fr.] A mischance, causing a man's death, without felony. Cowel. A'VENUE,av'-e-nu, 335,503. [See Revenue.] n.s. [avenue, Fr.] A way by which any place may be entered. Clarendon. An alley of trees before a house. To AVE R §, a-ver'. v. a. [averer, Fr.] To declare positively. Prior. A/VERAGE, av'-ur-aje. 90, 555. n. s. [averagium, Lat.] That duty which the tenant is to pay to the king, or other lord, by his beasts and carnages. Cliambers. A certain contribution that merchants make towards the losses of such as have their goods cast overboard in a tempest. Cowel. A small duty paid to the master of a ship for his care of goods, over and above the freight. Cliambers. A medium ; a mean proportion. To A'VERAGE* av'-ur-aje. v. a. To fix an aver- age price. AVE'RMENT, a-ver'-ment. n. s. Establishment by evidence. Bacon. An offer of the defendant to justify an exception, and the act as well as the offer. Blount. Affirmation. Bp. Nicolson. AVE'RNAT, a-ver'-nat. n. s. A sort of grape. A'VERPENNY*, av'-fir-pen-ne. n. s. Money paid towards the king's carriages by land, instead of service by the beasts in kind. Burn. AVERRUNCA'TION,ay-fir-run-ka'-shun.«. s. The act of rooting up any thing Robinson. To AVERRIPNCATE §, av-er-rung'-kate. 91, 408. v. a. [averrunco, Lat.] To root up. Hudibras. AVERS A'TION, av-er-sa'-shun. n.s. Hatred j ab- horrence. South. AVE'RSE§, a-verse'. a. [aversus, Lat.] Malign; not favourable. Dryden. Not pleased with. Prior. AVE'RSELY, a-veW-le. ad. Unwillingly. Beau- mont and Fletcher. Backwardly. Brown. AVE'RSENESS, a-verse'-nes. n. s. Unwillingness. Herbert. AVERSION, a-ver'-shun. n. s. Hatred ; dislike. Milton. The cause of aversion. Arbuthnot. Sim- ply, conversion or change. Bp. Morton. To AVERT §, a-vert'. v. a. [averto, Lat.] To turn aside. Slutkspeare. To cause to dislike. Hooker. To put by. Hooker. To A VE'RT*, a-vert'. v. n. To turn away. Thom- son. AVE'RTER* a-vert'-fir. n. s. That which averts. Burton. A VL4RY, a'-ve-a-re. 505. ?i. s. [avis, Lat.] A place enclosed to keep birds in. Wotton. AVFDIOUSLY* a-vid'-e-fis-le. ad, [avidus, Lat.] Eagerly, greedily. Bale. Ob. T. AVIDITY, a-vld'-e-te. n. s. Greediness. Fother- by. To _AVFLE*,a-vlle'. v. a. [aviler, Fr.] To depre- ciate. B. Jonson. To AVFSE*, a-vlze'. v. n. [aviser, Fr.] To consider. See To Avize. Spenser. Ob. T. AVFSE*, a-vlse'. ) n. s. [avis, Fr.] Advice; in- AVFSO*, a-vl'-s6. ) telligence. B. Jonson. AVFSEMENT*, a-vlze'-ment. n, s. [Fr.] Advise- ment. B. Jonson. Ob. T. A'VITOUS, av'-e-t&s. 503, 314, a. [avitus, Lat.] Ancient. Diet. To AVFZE, a-vlze'. v. a. To counsel. Spenser. To bethink himself. Spenser. To consider. Spenser. Ob. J. AVOCADO. av-6-ka'-d* [See Lumbago ] n. s. [Span.] The name of a tree in the Spanish West Indies. Miller. To A'VOCATES, av'-v6-kate. 91. v. a. [avoco, Lat J To call off. Lord Herbert. AVOCA'TION, av-v6-ka'-siiun. n. s. The act of calling aside. Glanvilk. The business that cails. Hale. AVO'CATIVE*, av-vok'-ka-tlv. n. s. That which calls off from ; dehortation ; dissuasion. To AVOTD §, a-v6fd'. 299. v. a. [wider, Fr.] To shun. IHtlotson. To escape. To endeavour to shun. Sliak. To evacuate. Shak. To emit. Brown. To oppose. Bacon. To vacate j to an nul. Spenser. To AVO'lD§.a-voM'. v. n. To retire. 1 Sam. To become void. Ayliffe. AVOIDABLE, a-v6id'-a-bl. a. That which may be avoided. Bottle. Liable to be vacated. JudUre Hale. J AVOIDANCE, a-v6?d'-anse. n. s. The act of avoid- ing. Bp. Had. The course by which any thing is carried off*. Bacon. The act of becoming vaoant. Burn. The act of annulling. AVOTDER, a-v6?d'-er. 98. n. s. The person that avoids or carries any thing away. Beaum. and Fl. AVO'IDLESS, a-v6ld'-les. a. Inevitable. Dryden. AVOIRDUPOIS, av-er-du-p6?z'. 302. n. s. [avoir du poids, Fr.] A kind of weight, of which a pound contains sixteen ounces, and is in proportion to a pound Trov. as seventeen to fourteen. Chambers. To AVO'KE*, a-v6ke'. v. a. [avoco, Lat.] To call back. Cocker am. Ob. T. AVOLA'TION, av-6-la'-shun. n.s. [avolo, Lat.] Flight ; escape. Glanville. roAVTyUCH^a-veutsh'. v. a. [avouer, Fr.] To affirm. Hooker. To produce in favour of. Spenser. To vindicate. Sliakspeare. AVOUCH, a-voutsh'. 313, n. s. Declaration ; testi- mony. Shakspeare. AVOUCHABLE, a-v6utsh'-a-bl. a. What may be avouched. Sherwood. A VOUCHER, a-v6utsh'-er. n. s. He that avouches. AVO'UCHMENT*, a-v6utsh'-ment. n.s. Declara tion. Shakspeare. To AVO'W§, a-v6{y. v. a. [avouer, Fr.] To declare with confidence. Spenser. AVO' W*, a-vdu/; n. s. Determination 3 vow. Gower. Ob. T. AVO'WABLE, a-vou'-a-bl. a. That which may be openly declared. Donne. AVO'WAL, a-v6u'-al. n. s. Open declaration. Hume AVO / WEDLY, a-v6u'-ed-le. 364. ad. In an open manner. Clarendon. AVOWE'E, av-du-e 7 . n. s. He to whom the right of advowson of any church belongs. Diet. AVO'WER, a-v6u'-fir. 98. n. s. He that avows or justifies. Dryden. AVO'WRY, a-vSiV-re. n. s. In law, is where one takes a distress for rent, and the other sues replevin. Chambers. <% AVO'WSAL,a-v3u'-zal.442.w.s. A confession. Diet. AVOWTRY, a-vdu'-tre. n. s. See Advoyvtry. AVU'LSED*, a-vulst'. part. a. [avulsus, Lat.] Pluck ed away. Shenstone. AVULSION, a-vul'-shun. n. s. The act of pulling from. Philips. To A WATT §, a-wate'. v. a. To expect. Fairfax To attend. Milton. A WATT, a-wate'. n. s. Ambush. Spenser. To AWA'KE$, a-wake'. v. a. [apacian, Sax.] To rouse out of sleep. Sfutkspeare. To raise from any state resembling sleep. Dryden. To put into new action. Spenser. To AWA'KE, a-wake'. v. n. To break from sleep. Shakspeare. AWA'KE, a-wake'. a. Not being asleep. Bacon. To AWA'KEN, a-wa'-kn. 103. v. a. and r.n. The same with awake. Hickes. AWA'KENER*, a-wa'-kn-ur. n. s. That which awakens. Stilling -fleet. AWA'KENING*, a-wa'-kn-?ng. n. s. The act of awaking. Bp. Berkeley. AWN AZY -116, m5ve, nSr, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull.; — 611 ; — pound ;— thin, this. To AW A'RD $, a-ward'. «. a. [auwr&r, old Fr.] To adjudge. Shakspeare. To AWA'RD, a-ward'. v.n. To judge. Pope. AWA'RD, a.-ward'. n. s. Judgement ; determination. Dryden. AWA'RD ER*, a-ward'-ur. n.s. A judge. Thomson. AWA'RE4,a-ware'. ad. Excited to caution. Sidney. To AWA'RE, a-ware'. v.n. To beware. Par. Lost. To A WA'RN*, a-warn'. v>, a. To caution. Spenser. AWA'Y §, a-wa'. ad. [ape£, Sax.] In a state of absence. B. Jonson. From any place or person. Sliakspeare. Let us go. Sluxkspeare. Begone. Sliakspeare. Out of one's own hands. TiUotson. On the way. Endure. Sliakspeare. Away with. Throw away. St. Lake. AWA'YWARD*, a-wa'-wurd. acL [ape£ peap.b, Sax.] Turned aside. Gower. AWE4, aw. n.s. [e^e, o£a, Sax.] Reverential fear. Spenser. To AWE, aw. v.a. To strike with reverence, or fear. Bacon. AWE'ARY*, a-we'-re, a. Weary ; tired. Shakspeare. AWE-BAND, aw'-band. n.s, A check. Diet. AWE-COMMANDING*, aw'-kdm-mand'-mg. a. Striking with awe. Gray. AWE-STRUCK*, aw'-strfik, part a. Impressed with awe. Milton. A'WFUL, aw'-fiil, 173, 406. a. That which strikes with awe, Milton, Worshipful. Sliakspeare. Struck with awe, Shakspeare. AWFULLY, aw'-f ul-le. ad. In a reverential man- ner. South. Striking with awe. Dryden. A' WFUL-EYED*, aw'-ful-lde. a. Having eyes ex- citing awe. More. A'WFULNESS, aw'-fftl-nes. n.s. Solemnity. Addi- son. The state of being struck with awe. Taylor. 5To AWHA'PE, a-h.wa.pe'. v. a. To strike; to con- found. Spenser. AWHE'ELS*, a-hweelz'. ad. On wheels. B. Jonson. A WHI'LE, a-hwlle'. 397. ad. Some time. Shakspeare. A WHIT* a-hwlt'.ad. [apijifc, Sax.] A jot; a tittle. Bp. Hall. AWK§, awk. a. \auk } Goth.] Odd; out of order, L? Estrange. A'WKWARD, awk'-wurd. 475. a. [old adj. cock, with the Sax. peajib.] Inelegant-, unpolite. Shak. Unhandy ; clumsy. Dryden. Perverse. Shakspeare. A'WKWARDLY, awk'-wfird-le. ad. Clumsily. Sidney. A'WKWARDNESS, awk'-wtird-ngs. n.s. Inele- gance. Addison. AWL, all. n. ?. \aal. Goth.] An instalment to bore holes. Hooker. A'WLESS, aw'-ies. a. Wanting reverence, or the power of causing' reverence. Shakspeare. AWME, or AUME, awm. n. s. A Dutch measure, answering to one-seventh of an English ton. Ar- buthnot. AWN, awn. n.s. [aliana, Goth.] The beard of the corn or grass. A'WNING, aw'-nlng. 410. n. s. A cover spread over a boat, or any place without a roof. Sir T. Her- bert. A covering to defend from the rays of the sud. Swinburne. AWO'KE, &-w6ke'. The preterite from awake. Judges, xvi. AWO'RK, a-wurk'. 165. ad. On work. Sliakspeare. AWO'RKING. a-w&rk'-fng. a. The state of work- ing. Hubbard's Tale. AWRY', a-rl'. 474. ad. [pniSan, Sax.] Not in a straight direction. Spenser. Asquint. Denham. Not in the right direction. Brerewood. Unevenly. Pope. Perversely. Sidney. AXE, aks. n. s. [eax, acre, Sax.] An instrument consisting of a metal head, wilh a sharp edge, fixed in a handle. Shakspear A'XHEAD* aks'-hed. The head of the axe. [Lat-] The arm-pit. 2 Kings, vi. AXl'LLA, ag-zfl'-la. Quincy. AXI'LLAR, aks'-zll-lar. 478. ) n A'XILLARY,aks'-zu-la-re. [See Maxillary.] 5 °" Belonging to the arm-pit. Brown. A'XIOM§, ak'-shfim. 479. n. s. [a|j'w^a.] A proposi tion evident at first sight. Hooker. An established principle. Hooker. AXIOMA'TICAL*, aks-e-6-mat'-e-kal. a. Relating to an axiom. WJiitlock. A'XIS, ak'-sls. n.s. [axis, Lat.] The line, real or im aginary, that passes through any thing, on which it may revolve. Blackmore. A'XLE, ak'-sl. 405. ? n. s. The pin which A'XLE-TREE, ak'-sl-tree. ) passes through the midst of the wheel, on which the circumvolutions of the wheel are performed, Shakspeare. AY, ae. 105. ad. [ga and ia, Sax. yea.] Yes. Shak. Yes, certainly. Shakspeare. 05= See Directions to Foreigners, prefixed to this Dic- tionary, page ts. W. AY ME*, interj. [obak'-kant. n.s. He who lives BA'CCHANTE*, \ like Bacchus. BACCHICAL*, bak'-ke-kal. } a. Relating to the BACCHICK*, bak'-kJk. 5 feasts of Bacchus. Spenser. BACCIFEROUS, bak-slf-e-rfis. 555. a. [bacca and few, Lat.] Berry-bearing. Ray. BACCIVOROUS, bak-stv'-vo-rus. a. Devouring berries. Diet. BACHELOR^, batsh'-e-lur. n. s. [bachileyi, Sax.] A man unmarried. Sliak. A man who takes his first degrees at the university. Ascham. A knight of the lowest order. Hody. Applied by Ben Jon- son to an unmarried woman. Magnetick Lady. BACHELORSHIP, batsh'-e-lur-slup. n. s. The condition of a bachelor. Shak. The state of him who has taken his first degree at the university. Bp. Hall. BACKS, bak. n. s. [bac, Sax.] The hinder part of the body. Dryden. The outer part of the hand. Donne. The outer part of the body ; that which requires clothes; opposed to the belly. Locke. The rear. Clarendon. The place behind. Bacon. The part of any thing out of sight. Bacon. The thick part of any tool, opposed to the edge. Arbvth- not. To turn the back on one ; to forsake him. South. To turn the back ; to go away. Sir J. Davies. A large vessel used by brewers' and dis- tillers ; a vat. Knight. BACK, bak. ad. To the place from which one came. Shak. Backward. Addison. Behind. Numb. xxiv. Towards things past. Burnet. Again ; in return. Shakspeare. Again ; a second time. Waller. To BACK, bak. ?;. a. To mount on the back of a horse. Sliak. To break a horse. Roscomnion. To place upon the back. Shock. To maintain. Slw.k. To justify. Boyle. To second. Dryden. To BACKBITE, bak'-blte. v. a. To censure the absent. S~*nser. BACKBITER, bak'-bl-tur. n. s. A privy calumnia- tor. Soidh. BACKBITING*, bak'-bl-tlng. n. s. Secret detrac- tion. 2 Corinthians, xii. BACKBITING LY* bak'-bl-tlng-le. ad. Slander- ously. Barret. BACIvBO / NE, bak'-b6ne. n. s. The bone of the back. Ray. BA'CKCARRY, bak'-kar-re. Having on the back. Cowel. BACKDOCR. bak'-dore. n. s. The door behind the BACKED, bakt. 359. a. Having a back. ShaL BACKFRIEND, bak'-frend. n. s. An enemy in se- cret. South. BACKGA'MMON, bak-gam'-nran. 166. n. s. [from bach gammon, Welsh.] A game at tables with box and dice. Howell. BACKHOUSE, bak'-h6use. n. s. A building be hind the chief part of the house Carew. BACKPIECE, bak'-peese. n. s. The armour which covers the back. Camden. BACKRETURN*, bak'-re-turn. n. s. Repeated re turn. Shakspeare. BACKROOM, bak'-roSm. n. s. A room behux. Moxon. BACKSET*, bak'-set. part. a. Set upon in the rear. Anderson. BACKSIDE, bak'-slde. n. s. The hinder part of any thing. Newton. The yard or ground behind a house. Mortimer. To BACKSLIDE, [BACKSLIDE. Todd.] bak. slide 7 . 497. v.n. To fall off; to apostatize. Jeremiad §5" I have in this word preferred Dr. Johnson's acccntua tion on the second syllable to Mr. Sheridan's on the first ; for the reasons, see Principles, under the number marked. Dr. Ash, Entick, Scott, and Perry, are on the side of Mr. Sheridan ; and Dr. Johnson and W. John- ston only on that which I have chosen ; but Mr. Sheri- dan and Dr. Ash, by marking the noun backslider with the accent on the second syllable, as it is always heard, have betrayed their pronunciation of the verb ; for one of these modes must be wrong, as the verbal noun must unquestionably have the same accent as the verb. W BACKSLIDER, bak-sll'-dur. 93. n. s. An aposta'e Proverbs, xiv. BACKSLIDING*, bak-slP-dlng. n.s. Transgres- sion. Jeremiali, v. 6. BACKSTAFF, bak'-staf. n.s. An instrument for taking the sun's altitude at sea. BACKSTAIRS, bek'-slarz. n. s. The private stairs in the house. Bacon. BACKSTAYS, bak'-staze. n. s. Ropes or stays which keep the masts of a ship from pitching for- ward or overboard. BACKSWORD, bak'-sord. n. s. A sword with one sharp edge; also the rustick sword exercised at country fairs, consisting merely of a stick, with a basket" handle. Arbuthnot. BACKWARD, bak'- wurd. lad. With the BACKWARDS, bak'-wurdz. 83. \ back forwards Genesis. Towards the back. Bacon. On the back Dryden. From the present station to the place be yond the back. Shak. Regressively. Newton. Towards something past. South. Reflexively Sir J. Davies. From a better to a worse state Dryden. Past ; in time past. Locke. Perversely Shakspeare. BACKWARD, bak'- ward, a. Unwilling. Addison. Hesitating. Shak. Sluggish. Waits. Dull. Sotdh Late ; as, backward fruits. BACKWARD, bak'-wiVd. n.s. The state past. Shakspeare. To BACKWARD*, bak'-wurd. v. a. To keep back ; to hinder. BACKWARDLY, bak'-wurd-le. ad. Unwillingly. Sidney. Perversely. Shakspeare. BACKWARDNESS, bak'-wfird-nes. n.s. Dull- ness. Atterbury. Tardiness. To BACKWOUND*, bak'-w65nd. v. a. To wound behind the back. Shakspeare. BACON, ba'-kn. 170. n.s. [bacon, old FrJ The flesh of a hog sailed and dried. Dryden. The animal itself. Kyd. To save the bacon, is a phrase foj preserving one's self from being hurt. Prior. BACULO'JVIETRY, bak-u-lom'-e-tfe. n. s. [hacutus, Lat. and fxtrpov.] The* art of measuring distances by one or more staves. Diet. BADS, bad. a. [quoad, Dutch.] Ill ; not good. Pope Vicious. Milion. Unfortunate. Dryden. Hurtful Addison. B4DF C ^" ^' ^ ie P reter * te °f *"*• Shakspeare. BADGE S, badje. 74. n. s. [bajulo, Lat. to carry.] A US BAI BAL — 116, move, n6r, not 5 — tube, tab, bull ;— 6il ; — pound 5 — ih'm, THis. mark worn to show the relation of the wearer. Spenser. A token by which one is known. Fair- fax. The mark of any thing-. Shakspeare. To BADGE, badje. v. a. To mark as with a badge. Shak. To mark actually^ with a badge. Swift. BA'DGELESS*, badje'-les. a. Having no badge. Bp. Hall. ? BA'DGER^bad'-jur. 98. n. s. [tedour, Fr.] An animal that earths in the ground. Brown. ToBA'DGER-^bad'-jur. v. a. To confound. BAL>GER-LEGGED, bad'-jur-leg'd. a. Having legs of an unequal length. II Estrange. BALGER, bad'-jur. n. s. One that buys victuals in one place, and carries it unto another. Coicel. BADINAGE*, bad'-e-naje. ) 11. s. [Fr.] Light or BADFNERIE* ba-diV-e-re. 3 playful discourse. Ld. Chesterfield. BA'DLY. bad'-le. ad. In a bad manner. Shakspeare. BA'DNESS, bad'-n^s. n. s. Want of good qualities. Shakspeare. To BAFFLE §, baf -fl. 405. v. a. [hefler, Fr.] To elude. South. To confound. Dryden. To dis- grace ; to insult. Spenser. To BA'FFLE*, baf-fl. v. n. To practise deceit. Barrow. BAFFLE, baf-fl. n. s. A defeat. Smith.. BAFFLER, baf-flur. 98. n. s. He that puts to con- fusion. Government of the Tongue. BAG§, bag. n. s. [belg'e. Sax.] A sack, or pouch. Sliak. That part of animals in which some par- ticular juices are contained. Dryden. An orna- mental purse of silk tied to men's hair. Addison. Quantities of certain commodities ; as, a bag of pepper. To BAG, bag. v To load with a bag. Dryden To put into a bag - . Dryden. To BAG, bag-, v. n. To swell like a full bag:. Chaucer. To BAG*, bag. v. a. To swell. Bp. Hall. BAGATELLE, bag-a-tel'. n. s. [Fr.] A trifle. Howell. BAGGAGE, bag'-gldje. 90. n. s. [baggage, Fr.] The furniture of an army. Bacon. The goods that are to be carried away/as bag and baggage. Mar- tin. A worthless woman. Sidney. A pert young woman; a flirt. Guardian. Refuse; lumber. Bp. Hooper. BA'GNIO, ban'-y6. 388. n. s. [bagno, Ital.] A house for bathing, sweating, and otherwise cleansing the body. Arbidhnot. BA'GPEPE. bag' -pipe. n. s. A musical instrument, consisting of a leathern bag and pipes. Cliambers. BA'GPIPER, bag^-pl-pur. 98. n. s. One that plays on a bagpipe. Shakspeare. BAGUK BANQUETING-HOUSE^ank'-kwet-lng-hSuse. $ n.s. A house where banquets are kept. Sidney. BANQUETING*, hank'-kwet-fng. n. s. Feasting 1 Pet. 4. BANQUE'TTE, bank-keV. n. s. [Fr.] A small bank at the foot of the parapet, for the soldiers to mount upon when they fire. BANSHEE* or BENSHI*. n. s. A kind of Irish fairy. BANSTICLE, ban'-stlk-kl. 405. n. s. A small fish ; a stickleback. To BANTER§, ban'-tur. 98. v. a. [badiner, Fr.] To play upon. L? Estrange. BANTER, ban'-tur. n. s. Ridicule ; raillery. Watts. BANTERER, ban'-tur-fir. n. s. One that banters. L' Estrange. BANTLING, bant'-lfng. n. s. A little child. Prior. BA'PTISM, bap'-tJzm. n.s. An external ablution of the body, with a certain form of words, used in Christian churches. Ay life. Baptism is often taken in Scripture for sufferings. St. Luke, xii. 121 BAR BAR 0=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin;— BAPTFSMAL, bap-tiz'-mal. a. Pertaining to baptism. Hammond. BA'PTIST, bap'-tfst. „. 5 . He that administers bap- tism. Matt. iii. An abbreviation of Anabaptist. Swift. BAPTISTERY, bap'-tls-tfir-e. 555. n. s. The place where baptism is administered. Mede. BAPTFST1CAL*, bap-uV-te-kal. a. Relating to baptism. Bp. Bramhall. To BAPTPZE §, bap-tlze'. v. a. rjW/£u>.] To chris- ten. Milton,. BAPTFZER, bap-tl'-zfir. 98. n.s. One that christens. BAR J, bar. 77. rc. s. [barre, Fr.] What is laid across a passage to hinder entrance. Exodus. A bolt. Nehemiah. Obstruction. Job. A gate. A rock, or bank of sand, at the entrance of a harbour. What is used for prevention, or exclusion. Hooker. The place where causes of law are tried, or where criminals stand. Shak. An enclosed place in a tav- ern, where the house-keeper sits. Addison. [In law.] A peremptory exception against a demand or plea. Cowd. Any thing by which the compages or structure is held together. Jonah, ii. Any thing which is laid across another, as bars in heraldry. Bar of gold or silver is a lump or wedge from the mines melted down into a sort of mould. Bars, in musiclc, are strokes drawn perpendicularly across the lines of a piece of musick. To BAR, bar. v. a. To fasten any thing with a bar. Shak. To hinder. Shak. To prevent. Sidney. To detain. Shak. To shut out. Dryden. To ex- clude from use, or claim. Hooker. To prohibit. Hudibras. To except. Shak. To hinder the pro- cess of a suit. Dryden. To bar a vein ; an opera- tion in farriery. BAR-SHOT, bar'-shot. n. s. Two half bullets joined together by an iron bar : used in sea engagements. BARB §, barb. n. s. \barba, Lat.] Any thing that grows in the p.ace of a beard. Walton. The points that stand backward in an arrow. Pope. The armour for horses. Hayward. BARB, barb. n. s. [Barbary.'] A Barbary horse To BARB, barb. v. a. To shave. Shak. To furnish horses with armour. Dryden. To jag arrows with hooks. Philips. BAR'BACAN, bar'-ba-kan. n. s. [bapbacan, Sax.] A fortification before the walls of a town. A fortress at the end of a bridge. Spenser. An opening in the wall to shoot out at. Cotgrave. BARBARIAN ^bar-ba'-re-an.rc..?. [barbarus, Lat.] A man uncivilized. Denham. A foreigner. Shak. A brutal monster. A. Philips. BARBARIAN, bar-ba'-re-an. a. Savage. Pope. BARBA'RICK, bar-bar'-lk. a. Foreign; far-fetched. Milton. Uncivilized. Milton. BARBARISM, bar'-ba-r'izm. n. s. A form of speech contrary to the purity of any language. Dryden. Ignorance of arts. Shak. Brutality. Spenser. Cru- elty. Shakspeare. BA'RBARITY, bar-bar'-e-te. n. s. Savageness ; cru- elty. Clarendon. Barbarism. Dryden. To BA'RBARIZE*, bar'-ba-rlze. v. a. To bring back to barbarism ; to render savage. Beaumont. To BA'RBARIZE* bar'-ba-rlze. v.n. To commit a barbarism. Milton.. BARBAROUS ^bar'-ba-rfis. 314. a. Stranger to civility. Sidney. Ignorant. Dryden. Cruel. Claren- don. Foreign. Dryden. BARBAROUSLY, bar'-ba-rfis-le. ad. Ignorantly; contrary to the rules of speech. Dryden. Cruelly. Dryden. BA'RB AROUSNESS, bar'-ba-rfis-nes. n. s. Incivility of manners. Temple. Impurity of language. Brere- ivood. Cruelty. Hale. BA'RBARY*, bar'-bii-re. n. s. A Barbary horse ; a Barb, which see. Beaumont and Fletcher. BARBATED*, bar-bate'-eU part. a. Jagged with points; bearded. Warton. To BA'RBECUE, bar'-beku. v. a. A term used in the West Indies for dressing a hog whole. Pope. BA'RBECUE, bai^-be-ku. n.s. A hog dressed whole. BARBED, bar'-bM, or barbU 3C2. participial a. Furnished with armour. Shak. Bearded. Job. BA'RBEL, bar'-bl. 102, 405. n. s. [barbel, Fr.] A kind offish. Walton. Superfluous flesh in the mouth of a horse. Farrier's Did. BARBER §, bar'-bfir. 98. n. s. A man who shaves the beard. Wotton.. To BARBER, bar'-bfir. v. a. To dress out. Shak. BARBER-CHIRURGEON, bar'-bfir-ki-rfir'-je -fin. n. s. A man who joins the practice of surgery to the barber's trade. Wiseman. BARBER-MONGER, bar'-bur-mfing-gfir. n. s. A fop. Shakspeare. BA'RBERESS*, bar'-bfir-e's. n. s. A woman barber. Minsheu. BARBERRY, bar'-ber-re. n.s. [berberis, Lat.] Pip- peridge bush. Miller. BARD?, bard. 77. n. s. [bardd, Welsh.] A poet. Spenser. BARD*, bard. n. s. The trapping of a horse. BARDED*, bard'-ed. part. a. Caparisoned. Holms lied. BARDICK*, bard'-fk. a. Relating to the bards or poets. Warton. BARD1SH*, bard'-ish. a. What is written by the bards. Selden. BARE §, bare. a. [bane, Sax.] Naked. Spenser. Raw Spenser. Uncovered in respect. Chrendon. Un- adorned. Spenser. Detected. MiLcn. Poor; in- digent. Hooker. Mere. Shak. Threadbare. Shak. Not united with any thing else. Hooker. Wanting clothes. To BARE, bare. v. a. To strip. Spenser. BAREBONE, bare'-bfine. n. s. Lean. Shakspeare. BAREBONED*, bare'-bon'd. peat. a. Having the bones bare. Shakspeare. BA'REFACED, bare-faste'. 359. a. With the face naked. Shakspeare. Shameless. Clarendon. BAREFACEDLY, bare-fa'-sed-le. 364. ad. Open- ly; shamefully. Locke. BAREFACEDNESS, bare-fa'-sed-nes. 365. n. s Effrontery ; assurance. BAREFOOT §, bare'-f fit. a. [bsepepofc, Sax.] Hav- ing' no shoes. Shakspeare. BAREFOOT, bare'-ffit. ad. Without shoes. Shak. BAREFOOTED, bare'-fut-ed. a. Without shoes, Sidney. BAREGNAWN, bare'-nawn. a. Eaten bare. Shak. BAREHEADED, bare'-hed-dgd. a. Uncovered in respect. Shakspeare. BARELEGGED, bareMegd. part. a,. Having the legs bare. Burton. BA'RELY, bareMe. ad. Nakedly. Huloet. Poorly. Barret. Without decoration ; merely. Hooker. BA'RENECKED*, bare'-nekt. part. a. Exposed. Heunit. BAREPICKED*, bare'-pikt. part. a. Picked to the bone. Shaksjjeare. BARERIBBED*, bare'-rib'd. part. a. Lean. Shak. BARENESS, bare'-nes. n.s. Nakedness. Shak: Leanness. Shak. Poverty. South. Meanness of clothes. BARFUL. See Barrful. BARGAIN §, bar'-gm. 208. n.s. [bargen, Welsh.] A contract. Bacon. The thing bought or sold Locke. Stipulation. Bacon. An event. Arbuth To BA'RGAIN, bar'-gln. v. n. To make a contract. Shakspeare. BARGALNEE', bar'-gin-nee'. n. s. He that accepts a bargain. BARGAINER, bar'-gm-nftr. 98. n.s. The person who makes a bargain. Huloet. BARGE*, barje. n.s. [barje, old Fr.] A boat for pleasure. Shak. A sea-commanders boat. Ra- leigh. A boat for burden. BA'RGEMAN*, barje'-man. n. s. The manager of a bar^e. Ld. Northampton.. BA'RGEMASTER* barje'-ma-slfir. n. s. The own- er of a barge which carries goods. Blackslone. BA'RGER, bar'-jfir. 98. n.s. The marager of a barge. Carew. BAirJM, bark. n.s. [btrck, Dan "T Ther'..id or cover - 122 BAR BAR — n6, move, nor, not — t:\be, tub, bull ; — 6'i! ; — pound ; — thin, THis. ing of a tree. Bacon. The medicine called, by way of distinction, the bark, i. e. the Peruvian bark. A small ship. Bacon. To BARK, bark. r. a. To strip trees of their bark. Temple. To enclose. Donne. To BARK, bark. v. n. [beorican, Sax.] To make the noise which a dog makes. Sha/c. To clamour at. Spenser. BARK-BARED, bark'-bar'd. a. Stripped of the bark. Mortimer. BA-'RKER, bar'-kdr. 98. n. s. One that barks. B. Jonson. One employed in stripping trees. BA'RKY,bar'-ke. a. Consisting- of bark. Shakspeare. BA'RLEY§. barMe. 270. n. s. A grain of which malt is made. Miller. BA'RLEYBRAKE, bar'-le-brake. n.s. A kind of rural plav ; a trial of swiftness. Sidney. BA'RLEY-BROTH, barMe-brdtfi. n.s. A low word, sometimes used for strong beer. Shalcspmre. BA'RLEY-CORN, bar'-le-korn. n.s. A grain of barley ; the beginning of our measure of length ; the third part of an inch. Tickell. BA'RLEY-MOW, bar'-le-mou. n.s. The place where reaped barlev is stowed up. Gay. BA'RLEi r -SUGAR* bar'-le-shfig'-ur. n.s. Sugar boiled till it be brittle, formerly with a decoction of barley. BARM $, barm, n.s. [beonm, Sax.] Yeast. SJiak. BA'RMY, bar' -me. a. Containing barm. Dryden. BARN§, barn. n.s. [benn, Sax.] A place for laying up grain, hay, or straw. Dryden. To BARN* barn. v. a. To lav up in a barn. Shak. BARN-DOOR*, barn / -d6re. h. s. The door of a barn. Milton. BA'RNACLE, bar'-na-kl. 405. n. s. [beann, Sax. and aac ] A kind of shell-fish that grows upon tim- ber that lies in the sea. Sir T. Herbert. A bird like a goose, supposed to grow on trees. Bentley. An instrument of iron for the use of farriers, to hold the horse by the nose. Farrier's Diet. BARO'METER^, ba-rom'-me-tur. 518. n.s. [f3dpos and /ifVpov.] A machine for measuring the weight of the atmosphere, and the variations in it, in order chiefly to determine the changes of the weather. Harris. BAROMETRICAL, bar-o-meV-tre-kal. 509, 515. a. Relating to the barometer. Derham. BA'RON§, bar'-run. 166. n.s. [baro, Lat.] A degree of nobility next to a viscount. Baron is an officer, as barons of the exchequer to the king-. There are also barons of the cinque ports, that nave places in the lower house of parliament. Cowel. Baron is used for the husband in relation to his wife. Coicel. A baron of beef is when the two sirloins are not cut asunder. Did. BA/RONAGE, baV-run-adje. 90. n. s. The body of barons and peers. Hale. The dignity of a baron. The land which gives title to a baron. BA'RONESS, bar'-run-^s. 557. n. s. A baron's ladv. BATIONET, bar'-rfin-et. 557. n.s. [of baron and el, diminutive termination.] The lowest degree of hon- our that is hereditary ; below a baron, and above a knight. Coivel. BARONIAL*, ba-nV-ne-al. a. Relating to a baron or barony. Warton. BA'RONY, bar'-rfin-e. 557. n.s. That honour or lordship thatgives title to a baron. Coicel. BA'ROSCOPE, bar'-rO-skc-pe. n. s. [fidpos and otco- ■n-tw.] An instrument to show the weight of the at- mosphere. Arbuthnot. BA'RRACAN, bar'-ra-kan. n.s. {barracan, Fr.] A strong thick kind of camelot. BARRACK, bar'-rak. n. s. [barracca, Span.] Build- ings to lodge soldiers. BA RRACK-MASTER* bar'-rak-ma-stur. n. s. The superintendent of soldiers' lodgings. Swift. BARRATOR, bar'-ra-tur. n.s. [barat, old Fr.] A wrangler, End an encourager of law suits. Sir T. Elyot. BARRATRY, bar'-ra-tre. n. s. Foul practice in law. Hiidibras. BA RREL §, bar'-rll. 99. n.s. [baril, Welsh.] A round wooden vessel. Bacon. A particular meas- ure. Any thing hollow ; as, the barrel of a gun. Digby. A cylinder. Moxon.~Ba.rrel of the ear is a cavity behind the tympanum. Diet. To BARREL, bar'-rll. v. a. To put any. thing in a barrel. Sj)ense>. BA'RREL-BELLIED, bar'-rfl-belMM. a. Having a large belly. Dryden. BA'RREN §, bar'-ren. a. [baraigw, old Fr.] Not pro lifick. Shak. Unfruitful. 2 ^Kings, ii. Not copi ous. Swift. Unmeaning. Shakspeare. BA'RRENLY, bar'-ren-le. ad. Unfruitfitllv. Hulod. BA'RRENNESS, bar'-ren-nes. n.s. Want of off- spring. 'Milton. Unfruitfulness. Bacon. Want of invention. Dnjden. Want of matter. Hooker [In theology.] Aridity ; want of emotion or sensi • bility. Bp.' Taylor. BA'RREN-SPIRITED*, bar'-ren-spV-lt-ed. part, a Of a poor spirit. Shakspeare. BA'RREN-WORT, bar'-re^-wurt. n. s. The namo of a plant. BA'RRFUL, bar'-ful. a. Full of obstructions. Shak BARRICA'DE, bar-re-kade'. n.s. [barricade, Fr.] A fortification made of trees, earth, &c. to keep off an attack. Any stop. Derham. To BARRICA'DE, bar-re-kade'. v. a. To stop up a passage. Gay. BARRICA'DO, bar-re-ka'-do. [See Lumbago.] n. s. [barricada, Span.] A fortification. Bacon. [To BARRICA'DO, bar-re-ka'-d6. v. a. To fortify ; to stop up. Milton. BA'RRIER, bar'-re-ur. 98. n. s. [barriere, Fr.] A barricade. Pope. A fortification. Swift. A stop. Watts. A bar to mark the limits of any place. Bacon. A boundary. Pope. $5= Pope, by the license of his art. pronounced this word in two syllables, with the accent on the last, as if writ- ten bar-reer t " 'Twixt that and reason what a nice barrier ! " For ever sep'rate, yet for ever near." Essay on Man, Ep. i. v. 215. And yet, in another part of his works, he places the ac- cent on the first syllable, as we always hear it in prose : " Safe in the love of Heav'n, an ocean flows " Around our realm, a barrier from the foes." W. BA'RRLNG-OUT*, bar'-rlng-out. n. s. Exclusion of a person from a place, a boyish sport at Christmas. Swift. BA'RRISTER, bar'-rls-tur. n.s. A counsellor at law. Bloant and Cliambers. BA'RROW, bar'-r6. n. s. [barrot, old Fr.] Any kind of carriage moved bv the hand. Shakspeare. BA'RROW, bar'-r6. " n. s. [bep.$, Sax.] A hog. Milton. BA'RROW, whether in the beginning or end of names of places, signifies a grove. Gibson. A hil- lock, under which, in old times, bodies have been buried. Warton. ToBA'RTER^bar'-tur 98. v.n. [barrater, Fr.] To traffick bv exchanging. Hudibras. To BARTER, bar'-tor. v. a. To give any thing in exchange for another. Shakspeare. BA'RTER, bar'-tftr. n. s. Trafficking by exchange of commodities. Bacon. BA'RTERER,bar'-tur-ur. n. s. He that trafficKs hj exchange. Wakefield. BA'RTERY, bar'-tur-re. 555. n. s. Exchange of commodities. Camden. BARTHOLOMEW-TIDE* bar-tfidl'-om-mi-tlde 77. s. The term near St. Bartholomew's day. Shak BA'RTON, bar'-t'n. n. s. [bene-tun, Sax.] Tht demesne lands of a manor : the manor-house it- self; and sometimes the outhouses. Huloet. BA'RTRAM, bar'-tram. n. s. A plant pellitory. BA'RYTONE t, bar'-e-tone. n. s. $fcj° A word with the grave accent on the last syllable. If the inspector does not know what is meant by th» grave accent, it may be necessary to inform him, that writers on the Greek accent tell us, that every syllable which has not the acute accent, has the grave ; and as there could but be one syllable acuted in that language, the rest must necessarily be grave. What these accents 123 BAS BAS 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, m^ j— pine, pin are, has puzzled the learned so much, that they seem neither to understand each other nor themselves : but it were to be wished they had kept this distinction into acute and grave out of our own language, as it rs im- possible to annex any clear ideas to it, except we con- sider the grave accent merely as the absence of the acute, which reduces it to no accent at all. If we divide the voice into it3 two leading inflections, the rising and falling, and call the former the acute, and the latter the grave, we can annex distinct ideas to these words : and perhaps it is an ignorance of this distinction of speak- ing sounds, and confounding them with high and low, or loud and soft, that occasions the confusion we meet with iu writers on this subject. — See Elements of Elo- cution, page 60 : also Observations on the Greek and Latin Accent and Quantity, at the end of the Key to the Classical Pronunciation of Greek and Latin Prop- er Na7nes. TV. BASA'LT*, ba-salt' n. s. Artificial or black porce- lain, of nearly the same properties with the natural basalt ; invented by Messrs. Wedgwood and Bent- ley. Chambers. BASALTES*, ba-sal'-tez. n.s. A kind of stone, of the hardness and colour of iron, which is found in perpendicular blocks. Pennant. BASA'LTICK*, ba-sal'-tik. a. Of basaltes. Pen- nant. BASES, base. a. [bas, Fr.] Mean. Bacon. Of mean spirit. Sidney. Of low station. Spenser. Of no honourable birth ; illegitimate. Sliak. Ap- plied to metals : without value. Watts. Applied to sounds : deep ; grave. Bacon. Low : in posi- tion or place. Goicer. BASE-BORN, base'-b6rn. a. Born out of wedlock. Gay. Of low parentage. Sir R. Fanshawe. Vile. Milton. B 1SE-COURT, base'-k6rt. n. s. Lower court. Shakspeare. B 1SE-MINDED, base-minded, a. Mean-spirited. Camden. BASE-MINDEDNESS*, base-mlnd'-gd-nSs. n. s. Meanness of spirit. Sir E. Sandys. BASE-VIOL, base-vl'-ul. 166. n.s. An instrument used for the base sound. Addison. BASE, base. n.s. [basis, Lat.] The bottom of any thing. SJwJc. The pedestal of a statue. Bacon. That part of any ornament which hangs down. Sidney. The broad part of any body; as, the bottom of a cone. Stocking's. Spenser. The place from which racers run. Dryden. The string that gives a base sound. Spenser. An old rustick play, called prison bars. Drayton. A small cannon. Sir T. Herbert. To BASE, base. v. a. To degrade. Bacon. BASELESS*, base'-les. a. Without foundation. Shakspeare. BASELY, base'-le. ad. In a base manner. Sliak. In bastard v. Knolles. BASEMENT*, base'-ment. n. s. A continued base, extended a considerable length. Cfiambers. BASENESS, base'-nes. n.s. Meanness. Spenser. Vilenessof metal. Swift. Bastardy. Shak. Deep- ness of sound. Bacon. BASENET*, has'-e-nel. n. s. [bacinet, old Fr.] A helmet or headpiece. Spenser. BASESTRING*, base'-strlng. n.s. The lowest note. Shakspeare. To BASH§, bash. v.n. [from hase.l To be ashamed. Bale. BASHA'W, bash-aw'. n. s. A title of honour among the Turks. Bacon. BASHFUL, bash'-f 51. a. Modest. Shak. Sheepish. Sluikspeare. Exciting shame. Mir. for Ma, BASHFULLY, bash'-ful-le. ad. Mot wood. BASHFULNESS, bash-ful-nes. n. s. Modesty, as shown in outward appearance. Sidney. Vicious or rustick shame. Sidney. BASIL, baz'-ll. n.s. The name of a plant. Drayton. BASIL, baz'-il. n. s. The angle to which the edge ofa Joiner's tool is ground away. The skin ofa sheep tanned. Lodestly. Slier- BASIL, baz'-fl roBA'SIL.baz'-il.v.a lo an angle. Moxon. To grind the edge of a tool [fiao-i\iK>'i.'] The mid ba-ziF-e-kaL ; a. Belonging to the ba- \-zllMlk. S silick vein. Sharp. BASI'LICA, ba-zil'-e-ka. die vein of the arm. Quincy. BASI'LICAL, ba- '"' BASILICK, ba- " BASFLICKjba-zilMIk.T^s. (flaaiXiiat.] A large ball ; a magnificent church. BASILICON, ba-zll'-e-kon, n. s. An ointment Quincy. BASILISK, baz'-e-lfsk. n.s. [^„w«of.]A kiwi of serpent. Shak. A species of cannon. Bacon. BASIN §, ba'-sn. 405. n. s. [basin, Fr.] A small ves- sel to hold water. Sliak. A small pond. Spectator. A part of the sea enclosed in rocks. Pope. Any hollow place capacious of liquids. Blackmore. A dock for repairing ships. — Basins of a balance ; the same with the scales. BASINED*, ba'-sn'd. a. Enclosed in a basin. Young. BASIS, ba'-sk n. s. [basis, Lat.] The foundation. Raleigh. The lowest of the three principal parts ofa column. Addison. That on which any thing is raised. Denham. The pedestal. Shak. The groundwork of any thing. Shakspeare. To BASK §, bask. 79. v. a. [backeren, Dut.] To warm by laying out in the heat. Milton. To BASK, bask. v.n. To lie in the warmth. Dryd. BASKET, baV-kft. 99. n. s. [basged, Welsh.] A vessel made of twigs, rushes, or splinters. SJiak. BASKET-HILT, bas'-kit-hllt. 99. n.s. A hilt ofa weapon which contains the whole hand. Hudibras. BASKET-HILTED*, bas'-klt-hilt-ed. a. A weapon having a basket-hilt. Warton. BASKET- WOMAN, bas'-kit-wum-un. 166. n.s. A woman that plies at markets with a basket. BASQUISH^.bas'-klsh. a. Relating to the language of the natives of Biscay. Sir T.Brown. BASS. bas. n. s. A mat used in churches. Mortimer. BASS*, bas. n. s. A fish of the perch kind. Gray. To BASS, base. v. n. To sound in a deep tone. Sliak- speare. BASS, base. a. In musick, grave ; deep. BASS-RELIEF, bas-re-leef. n.s. [bas and relief] Sculpture, the figures of which do not stand out from the ground in their full proportion. Gray. BASS-VIOL. See Base-Viol. Dryden. BASSA. See Bashaw. Sir T. Herbert. BASSET, bas'-slt. 99. n. s. [basset, Fr.] A game at cards. Dennis. BASSO RELIEVO. [Ital.] See Bass-relief. Warton. BASSO'N, or BASSO'ON, bas-soon'. n. s. [basson., Fr.] A musical wind instrument, blown with a reed. Trevoux. BASSOCK, bas'-sok. n.s. The same with bass. BASTARD §, bas'-tard. 88. n.s. [bastardd, Welsh.] An illegitimate child. Ayliffe. Anything spurious. Sliak. A kind of sweet wine. Slia/{. The large sail of a galley. BASTARD, bas'-lard. a. Illegitimate. Shak. Spu- rious. Shakspeare. To BASTARD, bas'-tard. v. a. To convict of being a bastard. Bacon. BASTARDISM*, bas'-tar-dfzm. n. s. The state of a bastard. Cotsrave. To BASTARDIZE, bas'-tar-dlze. v. a. To convict of being a bastard. Harmer. To beget a bastard. Shakspeare. BASTARDLY*, bas'-tard-le. a. Spurious. Bp. Taylor. BASTARDLY, bas'-tard-le. a. a. [beysta and bausta, Iceland.] To beat with a stick. Hudibras. To drip butter upon meat when on the spit. Sliakspeare. To sew slightly. Shakspeare. BAST1LE*, bas'-teel. n. s. [bastille. Fr.] The forti- fication ofa castle ; the castle itself. Mir. for Mag BASTIMENT*, bas'-te-ment. \ n. s. [bastiment BASTIME'NTO^bas-te-men'-to. \ old Fr.] A ram- part. 134 BAT BAW — no, move, nor, not 5— tube, tub, bill ; — All 5— p6und 5 — thin, this. BASTINA'DE, bas-te-nade'. ) n. s. [bastonnade . BASTINA'DO, bas-te-na'-d6. \ Fr.] The act of beating with a cudgel. Sidney. A Turkish pun- ishment of beating an offender on the soles of his feet To BASTINA'DE, bas-te-nide'. ) [See Lumra To BASTINA'DO, bas-te-na/-do. \ go.] v. a. To treat with the bastinado. B. Jonson. BA'STING*. baste'-Lig. n. s. The act of beating with a stick. Swift. BASTION, bas'-tshun. 291. n. s. [bastion, Fr.] A huge mass of earth, usually faced with sods, stand- nig out from a rampart ; a bulwark. Prior. BAT, bat. 11. s. [bafc, Sax.] A heavy stick. Wick life. BAT, bat. n. s. An animal having the body of a mouse and the wings of a bird ; not with feathers, but a sort of skin which is extended. Calmet. BAT-FOWLER*, bat'-f6u-ler. n. s. One who de- lights in bat-fowling. Barrington. BAT-FOWLING, bat'-fSii-lmg. n. s. Bird catching in the night time. They light torches or straw and then beat the bushes ; upon which the birds flying to the flames, are caught either with nets, or otherwise. Shikspeare. BAT ABLE, ba'-ta-bl. 405. a. [batable, Fr.] Disputa- ble. Cowel. BATCH, batsh. n. s. [from bake.] The quantity of bread baked at a time. Mortimer. BATCHELOR. See Bachelor. BATE §, bate>ra. s. [bate, Sax.] Strife ; contention. Shakspeare. BATE-BREEDLNG*, bate'-breed-?ng. part. a. Breeding strife. Shakspeare. To BATE $, bate. v. a. To lessen. Shak. To sink the price. Locke. To lessen a demand. Shak. To cut oft". Dryden. To grow less. Dryden. To re- mit. Dry den. To BATE* as a hawk. See To Bait. BATEFUL, bate'-ful. a. Contentious. Sidney. BATELESS*, bate'-lfe. a. Not to be abated. Shak. BATEMENT,bate'-ment.?i.s. Diminution. Moxon. BATFUL*,bat'-ful. a. See To Battel. Drayton, Ob. T. BATH$, bath. 78. n. s. [baS, Sax.] A bath is either hot or cold, either of art or nature. Quincy. Out- ward heat applied to the body. Shakspeare. A ves- sel of water, in which another is placed that requires a softer heat than the naked fire. Qjrincy. A He- brew measure, containing seven gallons and four pints ; or three pecks and three pints, Isaiali. To 3ATHE, baTHe. 467. v. a. To wash. Milton. To supple or soften. Wiseman. To wash any thin£f. Dryden.. To BATHE, baTHe. v. n. To be in the water, or in anv resemblance of a bath. Shakspeare. BATHING* baTHe'-mg. n. s. The act of bathing. Hakewill. BATHOS*, bh'-thbs. n.s. [Gr.] The art of sink- ing in poetry. Arbidhnot. BATING, ba'-ting-. 410. ) v > t> ABATING, a-bi'-ting. \ *""&• Exce P t ' Rowe - BATLET, bat'-let. n. s. A square piece of wood, used in beating linen. Shaks-peare. BATO'ON, ba-t66n'. n. s. [baton, Fr.] A staff or club. Bacon. A truncheon or marshal's staff. Beaumo-nt and Fletcher. In the coat of arms, to de- note illegitimate descent. BATTABLE*bat'-ta-bl. a. Capable of cultivation. Burton. BATTAILANT*, bat'-ta-lant. n. s. A combatant. Shellon. Ob. T. BATTAILOUS, bat'-ta-lus. a. Warlike. Fairfax. BATTA'LIA,bat-tale'-ya. 272. n. s. [battaglia, ltal.] The order of battle. Sandys. The main body of an arrav. Shakspeare. BATTA'LION, bat-tal'-yan. 272, 507. n. s. [battail- lon, Fr.] A division of an army. Shak. An army. Shaksveare. To BATTEL §*, or BATTIL* bat'-tl. v. a. To render fertile. To BATTEL*, bat'-tl. v. n. To grow fat. Spenser. To stand indebted in the college books, at Oxford, for what is expended at the buttery in the necessa ries of eating and drinking. At Cambridge, sizen used in a similar sense. In the former university there is a student named a haltekr or battler ; in the latter, a sizer. BATTEL*, or BATTLE*, bat'-tl. a. Fruitful 3 fer- tile. Hooker. BATTEL*, bat'-tl. n.s. [taelan, Sax.] The accoun* of the expenses of a student in any college in Ox ford. Clierry. BATTELLER* bat'-tl-lur. > n. s. A student at BATTLER* bat'-tlur. ( Oxford. Life of Bp. Kenneft: To BATTEN, bat'-tn. 103. v. a. [ga-batnan. Goth.] To fatten, or make fat. Milton. To fertilize. Philips. To BATTEN, bat'-tn. 103. v.n. To grow fat. Shak. BATTEN, bat'-tn. n.s. A scantling of wood. Moxon. To BATTER $, bat'-tur. 93. v. a. [hattre, Fr.j To beat down. Ezekiel. To wear with beating. Dry- den. To wear out with service. Soutlxern. To BATTER, bat'-tur. v. n. The side of a wall thai bulges is said to batter. Moxon.. BATTER, bat'-tfir. n. s. A mixture of several ingre- dients beaten together. King. BATTERER, bat'-tur-rur. n. s. He that batters. Bp. Taylor. BATTERING-RAM*, bat'-tar-fng-ram'. n. s. An ancient militarv engine. BATTERY, bat'-tur-re. 555. n. s. The act of bat- tering. Spenser. A line of cannon. Shakspeare. The frame, or raised work, upon which cannons are mounted. [In law.] A violent striking of any man. Chambers. BATTISH, bat'-tlsh. a. Resembling a bat. Vernon BATTLES, bat'-tl. 405. n. s. [battaille, Fr.] A fight Shak. A body of forces. Bacon. The main body Hay ward. To BATTLE, bat'-tl. v. n. To join battle. Bah BATTLE-ARRAY, bat'-tl-ar-ra'. n. s. Order of battle. Addison. BATTLE-AXE, bat'-tl-aks. n. s. A weapon used ancientlv. Carew. BATTLEDOOR, bat'-U-dore. n. s. An instrument with a handle and a flat board, used in play to strike a ball, or shuttlecock. Locke. A child's horn-book, somewhat resembling a battledoor in shape. BATTLEMENT, bat(-tl-ment. n. s. A wall with embrasures, or interstices. Sliakspeare. BATTLEMENTED*, bat'-tl-ment-ed. part. a. Se cured bv battlement. Sir. T. Herbert. BATTLING* bat'-tling. n. s. Conflict. TJiomson. BATTO'LOGIST*, bat-tol'-o-jfel. n. s. One who repeats the same tiling in speaking or writing. Whit/ock. To BATTO'LOGIZE* bat-t6l'-o-jlze. v. a. To repeat needlessly the same thing. Sir. T. Herbert. BATTO'LOG Y $*, bat-toF-6-je. n. s. [battologie, Fr.] Repeating one and the same thing. Milton.. BATTY, bal'-te. «. Belonging to a bat. Shakspeare. BAUBE'E, baw-bee'. n. s. [bas-bii 'Ion, Fr.] A half- pennv. Bramston. BA'UBLE. See Bawble. To BAULK. See Balk. BA'VAROY,ba-va-r6e'.».s. [Bavarois, Fr.] A kind of cloak. Gay. BA'VIN, bav'-m. n. s. A stiek like those bound in faggots ; a piece of waste wood. Sliakspeare. BA'WBLE, baw'-bl. 405. n. s. [baubelhcm.] A gew- gaw; a trifling piece of finery. Gower. BA'WBLFNG, baw'-btfng. 410. a. Trifling. Sliak. BA'WCOCK, baw'-kok. n. s. A familiar word, the same as fine fellow. Shakspeare. BAWD $,*bawd. n. s. [baude, old Fr.] A procurer, or procuress. Skelton. To BAWD*, bawd. v. a. To foul ; to dirty. Skeuon To BAWD, bawd. v.n. To procure, to provide gallants with strumpets. Spectator. BA'WDBORN*, bawd'-b6rn. part. a. Descended of a bawd. Shakspeare. 125 BEA BEA U 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— BAWDILY, baw'-de-le. ad. Obscenely. SA'WDINESS, baw'-de-nes. n. s. Obsceneness or lewdness. BA'YVDRICK, baw'-drfk. n. s. [See Baldrick.] A belt. Chapman. BAWDRY, baw 7 -dre. n. s. The practice of pro- curing and bringing whores and rogues together. Aylijf'e. Obscenity. Bp. Hall. BAWDY, bav/-de. a. Filthy. Chaucer. Obscene. Sliakspeare. BA' WDY-HOUSE, baw'-de-hSuse. n. s. A house where traffick is made by wickedness and de- baucherv. Dennis. To BAWL$, ball. v. n. [baula, old Fr.] To hoot; to cry with vehemence. Milton. To cry as a fro- ward child. V Estrange. To BAWL, ball. v. a. To proclaim as a crier. Sivift. BA WN*, bawn. n. s. An enclosure with mud or stone-walls, to keep the cattle; a fortification. Spenser. BA'WREL, baw'-rll. 99. n. s. A kind of hawk. BA'WSIN, baw'-sm. n. s. A badger. Diet. BAY, ba. 220. a. [baye, bai, old Fr.] Inclining to a chestnut colour, spoken of a horse. Farrier's Diet. BAY§, ba. n. s. [bygan, Sax.] An opening into the land. Shak. A pen or pond-head for driving a mill. BAY, ba. n. s. [abboi, Fr.] The state of any thing surrounded by enemies. Bacon. Distance beyond which no approach could be made. Dryden. BAY,ba.n. s. [bait, Germ.] [In architecture.] A term used to signify the magnitude of a building. Build- er's Diet. Any kind of opening in walls. Chamb. BAY Tree, ba'-tree. The laurel. Psalm xxxvii. BAY, ba. n. s. An honorary crown or garland. Browne. Figuratively, learning itself. Drayton. To BAY, ba. v. n. To bark as a dog at a thief. Sj)enser. To shut in. Sliakspeare. To BAY, ba. v. a. To bark at. Sliakspeare. BAY Salt, ba'-salt. Salt made of sea water, which receives its consistence from the heat of the sun, and is so called from its brown colour. Chambers. BAY Window, ba'-wjn'-do. A window jutting out- ward, and forming a kind of bay or hollow in the room. Sliakspeare. BAY Yarn, haZ-yarn'. Woollen yarn. Chambers. BA'YARD §, ba'-yard. n. s. [bayart, old Fr.] A bay horse in general. Burton. An unmannerly be- holder. B. Jonson. BA'YARDLY* ba/-yard-le. a. Blind ; stupid. Bp. Tavlor. BA'YED*, bade. a. Having bays. See Bay in ar- chitecture. BA'YONET §, ba'-y&n-nel. n. s. [bayonette, Fr.] A short sword or dagger fixed at the end of a musket. Woodward. D^T This word is very frequently pronounced bagonet, but chiefly by the vulgar. W. To BA'YONET*, ba'-yun-net. p. a. To drive for- ward with the bayonet. Burke. BAZA'R*, ba-zar ; . n. s. [buzzar, Persian.] Constant market ; a covered market-place. Sir T. Herbert. BAYZE. See Baize. BDE'LLIUM, del'-ymn. [See Pneumatick.] n. s. [phWiov.'] An aromatick gum brought from the Levant. Clmmbers. To RE§, bee. v. n. To have some certain state. Shak. The auxiliary verb by which the verb pas- sive is formed. Shak. To exist ; to have existence. Dryden. To have something by appointment or rule. Locke. Let be. Do not meddle with. Dryden. BE-ALL*, be-all. n. s. All that is to be done. Shak. BEACH §, beetsh. 227. n. s. [backar, Goth.] The shore ; the strand. Sliakspeare. BE' ACHED, beetsh/-£d. a. Exposed to the waves. Sliakspeare. BE'ACHY, beetsh'-e. a. Having beaches. Shak. BEACON §, be'-kn. 170. n. s. [beacen, Sax.] Some- thing raised on an eminence, to be fired on the approach of an enemy. Spenser. Marks erected to direct navigators. To BE'ACON* be'-kn. v. a. To afford light as a beacon ; to light up. BE'ACONAGE*, be'-kn-aje. n. s. Money paid for maintaining- of beacons. Minsheu. BE'ACQNED, be'-kn-ed. a. Having a beacon. T Warton BEAD §, bede. 227. n. s. [be&e, Sax.] Small globes of glass strung upon a thread, and used by the Ro- manists to count their prayers. Gower. Little balls worn about the neck Shak. Any globular bodies Sliakspeare. BEAD Tree. beoV-tree. A plant. BE ADLE, be'-dl. 227, 405. n. s. [bybel, bsebel, Sax.] A messenger belonging to a court, or pub lick bod}'. Abp. Laud. A petty officer in Darishes. Sliakspeare. BEADLESHIP*, be'-dl-shlp. n. s. The office of a beadle. A. Wood. BE'ADROLL^ede'-role.n. s. A catalogue of those who are to be mentioned at prayers. Bacon. BE'ADSMAN, beedz'-man. n. s. A man employed in praying, generally for another. Spenser. BE'ADSWOMAN* beedz'-wum-un. n. s. A wo- man who prays for another. B. Jonson.. BE'AGLE, be'-gl. 227, 405. n. s. [Ingle, Fr.] A small hound with which hares are hunted. Dryden. BEAK§, beke. 227. n. s. [bee, Fr.] The bill or horny mouth of a bird. Shak. A piece of brass like a beak, fixed at the end of the ancient gallies. Dry- den. Any thing ending in a point like a beak. Cj.rew. BE'AKED, be'-ked, or bekt. 362. a. Having a beak, or the form of a beak. Milton. BE'AKER, be'-kur. 98. n. s. [becher, Germ.] A ves sel for- drink. Butler. BEAL$, bele. 227. n. s. [bolga, Goth.] A whelk ot pimple. To BEAL, bele. v. a. To ripen ; to gatner matter, as a sore does. Sherwood. BEAM$, beme. 227. n. s. [beam, Sax.] The main piece of timber that supports the house. Builder's Diet. Any large and long piece of timber. Dry- den. That part of a balance, at the ends of which the scales are suspended. Shak. The horn of a stag. Denham. The pole of a chariot. Dryden A cylindrical piece of wood belonging to the loom, on which the web is gradually rolled as it is wove. 1 Sam. The ray of light emitted from some lu- minous body, or received by the eye. Sliakspeare. To BEAM*, beme. v. a. To shoot forth ; to emit. To BEAM, beme. v.n. [beamian.] To emit rays or beams. Pope. BEAM Tree, beme'-tree. A species of wild-ser- vice. BE'AMLESS* beme'-les. a. Yielding no ray of light. Dryden and Lee. BE'AMY, be'-me. a. Radiant; shining. Milton. Having the weight of a beam. Dryden. Having horns or antlers. Dryden. BEAN §, bene. 227. n. s. [bean, Sax.] The common garden bean. The horse bean. Miller. BEAN Caper, bene'-ka-pfir. A plant. BEAN Tressel, bene'-trgs-sl. An herb. BE'ANFED*, bene ; -f£d. pari. a. Fed with beans Sliakspeare. To BEAR §, bare. 240. v. a. pret. bore, or bare ; part, pass, bore, or born, or borne, [beopan, Sax.] To car- ry as a burden. Isa. To convey or carry. Dryden. To carry as a mark of authority. Shak. To carry as a mark of distinction. Hah. To carry as in show. Sluik. To carry as in trust. John. To sup port. Hooker. To keep afloat. Genesis. To sup- port with proportionate strength. Arlmthnot. To carry in the mind, as love, hate. Daniel. To en- dure. Psalms. To suffer ; to undergo. To per- mit. Hooker. To be capable of. Clarendon. To produce, as fruit. Bacon. To bring forth, as a child. Shak. To give birth to; to be the native place of. Dryden. To possess, as power or hon- our. Addison. To gain ; to win. Shak. To main- tain ; to keep up. Locke. To support any thing good or bad. Bacon. To exhibit. Dryden. To bo * 126 BEA BEA — n6, move, nor, not;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil :— pound ;—tlnn, THis. answerable for. Genesis. To supply. Dryden. To be the object of. Shak. To behave ; to act in any character. Shak. To hold; to restrain. Haywara. To impei; to urge. Sir J. Hay ward. To conduct; to manage. B. Jonson. To press. Shak. To in- cite ; to animate. Milton. — To bear date. To carry the mark of the time when any thing was written. To bear a price. To have a certain value. To bear in hand. To amuse with false pretences. Sluxk. To bear off. To carry away. Shak. To bear end. To support ; to maintain. Shakspeare. To BEAR, bare. 73. v. n. To suffer pain. Pope. To be patient. Dm den. To be fruitful or prolifick. Bacon. To take effect; to succeed, (xuardian. To act in any character. Sliak. To be directed to any point. Boxjle. To act as an impellent. Slvik". To act upon. Haijward. To be situated with respect to other places; as, this mountain bears west of the promontory. — To bear up. To stand firm. Slmk. To bear with. To endure. SJiak. BEAR§, bare. 73. n. s. [hejia, Sax.] A rough sav- age animal. Cabnet. The name of two constel- lations, called the greater and lesser hear ; in the tail of the lesser bear is the pole-star. Creech. A de- scription of stock-jobbers, who sell unreal stock. Dr. Warton. BEAR-BAITING*, bare'-ba-tlng. n. s. The sport of baiting - bears with dogs. Shakspeare. BEAR-BIND, bare'-blnd. n. s. A species of bind- weed. BEAR-FLY, bare'-fll. n. s. An insect. Bacon. BEAR-GARDEN, bare'-gar-dn. n. s. A place in which bears are kept for sport. Stilling -fleet. Any place of tumult. Spectator! BEAR-GARDEN, bare'-gar-dn. a. Rude or turbu- lent. BEAR'S-BREECH, barz'-brltsh. n. s. The name of a plant. Miller. BEAR'S-EAR, barz'-eer. n. s. The name of a plant. BEA R'S-EAR, or Sanicle. A plant. BEAR'S-FOOT, barz'-fut. n. s. A species of helle- bore. BEAR'S-WORT,barz'-wurt. 165. n. s. An herb.' BEARD §, beerd. 228. n. s. [beapb, Sax.] The hair that grows on the lips and chin. Prior. Beard is used for the face. Hudihras. Beard is used to mark age. Shak. Sharp prickles growing upon the ears of corn. Shak. A barb on an arrow. The beard of a horse is that part which bears the curb of the bridle. Farrier's Did. $£>" This word, as Dr. Kenrick observes, is frequently pronounced so as to rhyme with herd : but I am of his opinion, that this pronunciation is improper. Mr. Scott and Mr. Perry give it botli ways. Buchanan sounds it Bhort, like Mr. Sheridan. W. 'Johnston makes it rhyme with laird, a Scotch lord : but Mr. Elphinston, who is the most accurate observer of pronunciation I ever met with, gives it as I iiave done. The stage has, in my opinion, adopted the short sound of the diphthong, without good reason, and in this instance ought not to be followed ; as the long sound is not only more agree- able to analogy, but to general usage. I am glad to find my opinion confirmed by so good a judge as Mr. Smith ; and though the poets so often sacrifice pronunciation to rhyme, that their authority, in these cases, is not al- ways decisive, yet, as Shakspeare says on another oc- casion, " They still may help to thicken other proofs " That do demonstrate thinly." Othello. " Itail'd at their covenant, and jeer'd " Their reverend persons to my beard." Hudibras. u Some thin remains of chastity appear'd " Ev'n under Jove, but Jove without a beard." Dryden. the impropriety of pronouncing this word as it is heard on the stage, will, perhaps, appear more perceptible by carrying this pronunciation into the compounds, as the false sound of great may be detected by the phrase Al- exander the Great. 241. " Old prophecies foretell our fall at hand, " When bearded men in floating castles land. " And as young striplings whip the top for sport, u On the smooth pvement of an empty court, " The wooden engine flies and whirls about, " Admir'd with clamours of the beardless rout " Dryden. W To BEARD, beerd. v. a. To take or pluck by tne beard. Shak. To oppose to the face. Spenser. BE'ARDED, beerd'-ed. a. Having a beard. Shak. Having sharp prickles, as corn. Milton. Barbed or jagged. Dryden.. BE'ARDLESS, beerd'-les. a. Without a beard. Camden. Youthful. Dryden. BE'ARER, bare'-fir. n. s. A carrier. Shak. One employed in carrying burdens. 2 Chronicles. One who wears an}' thing. Shak. One who carries the body to the grave. Milton. A tree that yields its Croduce. Beyle. A post or brick wall raised up etween the ends of a piece of timber. [In herald- ry.] A supporter. BE'ARHERD, bare'-herd. n. s. A man that tends bears. Shakspeare. BE'ARING, bare'-lng. n. s. The site of any thing with respect to something else. Pope. Gesture ; mien. Shak. That which is borne in a coat of arms. Taller. The situation of any object, esti- mated from some part of the ship, according to her position. Chambers. BE'ARING-CLOTH* bW-ing-klSi/i. „. s . The cloth with which a child is covered, when carried to church to be baptized. Shakspeare. BE'ARISH*, bare'-lsh. a. Having the quality of a bear. Harris. BE'ARLIKE*, bare'-llke. a. Resembling a bear. Shakspeare. BEARN*, barn. n. s. [barn, Goth.] A child. Shak. BE'ARWARD, bare'-ward. n.s. A keeper of bears. ShoJcspeare. BEASTS, beest. 227 n.s. [beste, Fr.] An animal, distinguished from birds, insects, fishes, and man. Shakspeare. An irrational animal. Shak. A bru- tal, savage man. To BEAST, beest. v. a. A term at cards. BE'ASTINGS. See Biestings. BE'ASTLIKE*, beest'-llke. a. Resembling a beast. Mountagu. BEASTLINESS, beest'-le-nfe. n.s. Brutality. Spenser. BE'ASTLY, beest'-le. a. Brutal. Shak. Having the nature of beasts. Prior. BE'ASTLY*, beest'-le. ad. In the manner of a beast. Morality of Every Man. To BEAT§, bete. 227,233. v.a. pret. beat, part, pass, beat or beaten, [r eat an, Sax.] To strike. 1 Corinthians. To punish with stripes or blows. Shak. To strike an instrument of musick. Shak. To bruise. Numbers. To strike bushes or ground, or make a motion to rouse game. Bacon. To thresh corn. Ruth, ii. To mix things by long and frequent agitation. Boyle. To batter with engines of war. Judges, viii. To dash as water, cr brush as wind. Milton. To tread a path. Blackmore. To make a path by marking it with tracks. Locke. To conquer. Shak. To harass; to over-labour. Hakeicill. To lay, or press. Shak. To depress. Hoyioard. To drive by violence. Dryden. To move with fluttering agitation. Dryden. To beat dorm. To lessen the price demanded. Dryden. To beat down. To sink or lessen the value. Bacon. To beat up. To attack suddenly. Clarendon. To beat the hoof. To walk ; to go on foot. To beat into. To repeat often. Barret. J)5= The past time of this verb is by the English uni- formly pronounced like the present. Nay, except in solemn language, the present, preterit, and participle, are exactly the same ; while the Irish, more agreeably to analogy, as well as utility, pronounce the preterit as the noun bet, a wager ; and this pronunciation, though contrary to English usage, i3 quite conformable to that general tendency observable in the preterits of irregu- lar verbs, which is to shorten the vowel that is long in the present, as eat, ate, (often pronounced et ;) hear heard ; deal, dealt ; mean, meant ; dream, dreamt , &c. W. To BEAT, bete. v.n. To move in a pulsatory man- i ner. Collier. To dash as a flood or storm. Dryden. 127 BEA BED U= 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, m&;— pine, pin;— To knock at a door. Judges, xix. To move with frequent repetitions of the same act or stroke. Slutk. To throb 3 to be in agitation. Sliak. To fluctuate ; to be in agitation. Shak. To try differ- ent ways ; to search. Addison. To act upon with violence. Jonah, iv. To enforce by repetition. Hooker. — To beat up for soldiers ; to raise soldiers. BEAT, bete part, passive. Dry den. BEAT, bete. n.s. Stroke. Maimer of striking-. Grew. Manner of being struck ; as, the beat of the pulse, or a drum. [In hunting- or fowling.] The round taken, when people beat up for game. JJE'ATEN, be'-tn. 103. part. a. Tracked. Dryden. BE'ATER, be'-tur. 98. n. s. An instrument with which any thing is mingled. Moxon. A person given to blows. Ascham. He that beats for game. Butler. To BEATH* beTHe. v. a. [beSian, Sax.] To bathe or warm in fire so as to harden. Spenser. BEATI FICAL. be-a-t?f-e-kal. ) a. [beatus, Lat/1 BEATFFICK, be-a-tif'-lk. 509. \ Blissful. It is used only of heavenly fruition after death. Milton. tfEATFFICALLY, be-a-ilf-e-kal-le. ad. In such a manner as to complete happiness. Hakewill. BEATIFICATION, be-at'-e-te-ka'-shun. n.s. An acknowledgement made by the Pope, that the per- son beatified is in heaven, and therefore may be reverenced as blessed. To BEA'TIFY§, be-at'-e-fl. 183. v. a. To make hap- py; to bless with the completion of celestial enjoy- ment. Hammond,. To settle the character of any per- son by a publick acknowledgement that he is re- ceived in heaven, though not invested with the dignity of a saint. Addison. BEATING, bete'-mg. 410. n. s. Correction. B. Jonson. BEATITUDE, be-at'-e-tude. n.s. Blessedness; felicity. Digby. A declaration of blessedness made by our Saviour to particular virtues. BEAU, b6 245,481. n.s. [beau, Fr.] [plural beaux, b6ze.]A man of dress. Dryden. BEAU-MO'J\DE*, b6-mond'. n.s. [Fr.] The gay world. Prior. BEARISH, b6'-ish. 245. a. Foppish. BEAUTEOUS, bu'-tshe-us. 263. a. Fair; beauti- ful. Shakspeare. BEAU'TEOUSLY, bu'-tshe-us le. ad. In a beau- teous manner. Taylor. BE AU'TEOUSNESS, bu'-tshe-us-nes. n. s. Beauty. Donne. BEAUTIFIER*, bu'-te-fl-eV. n.s. That which beautifies. Costard. BEAU TIFUL, bu'-te-ful. a. Having the qualities that constitute beauty. Raleigh. BEAUTIFULLY, bu'-te-ful-ll ad. In a beautiful manner. Prior. BEAU'TIFULNESS, bu'-te-ffil-nSs. n.s. Beauty. Hallywell. To BEAUTIFY, bu'-te-fi 183. v. a. To adorn; to add beauty to. Hayward. To BEAUTIFY, bu'-te-fl. v. n. To grow beautiful. Addison. BEAUTIFYING*, bu'-te-fl-mg. n. s. The act of rendering beautiful. Bp. Taijlor. BEAU'TILESS*, bu'-te-les. a. Without beauty. Hammond. BEAUTY §, bu'-te. n.s. [beaute, FiV] That assem- blage of graces, or proportion 01 parts, which pleases the eye. Locke. A particular grace, or teature. Dryden. A beautiful person. Milton. To BEAUTY, bu'-te. v. a. To beautify. SJiak. BEAUTY-SPOT, bu'-te-spot. n. s. A spot placed to heighten some beauty ; a foil. Grew. BEAU'TY-WANING^bu'-te-wa-nlng. a. Declin- ing in beauty. Shakspeare. BE'AVER§, bee'-vfir. 227, 98. n.s. [bepep,Sax.] An animal, whose skin is very valuable on account of the fur. Hakewill. A hat made of the fur of beaver. Addison. The part of a helmet that cov- ers the lower part of the face. Spenser. BE'AVERED, bee'-vurd. 362. a. Wearing a bea- ver. Pope. To BEBLE'ED*, be-bleed'. v. a. To make bloody, Cliaucer. To BEBLOOD*, be-blucF. )v. a. To make ■To BEBLO'ODY*, be-blud'-e. $ bloody. Sheldon. To BEBLOT* be-blot'. v. a. To stain. Chaucer Ob. T. BEBLU'BBERED*, be-bl&b'-berd. part. a. Swoln with weeping. Slielton. BECAFFCO, bgk-a-fe'-ko. 112. n.s. [Span.] A bird like a nightingale, feeding on figs. Pope. To BECA'LM, be-kam'. 403. v. a. To still the ele- ments. Dnjdm. To keep a ship from motion. Hammond. To quiet the mind. Philips. To calm is to stop motion, and to becalm is to withhold from motion. BECATMING*, be-kam'-lng. n. s. A calm at sea Sir T. Herbert. BECA'ME, be-kame'. The preterit of become. BECA'USE, be-kawz'. conjunct, [by and cause.'] For this reason that; on this account that; for this cause that. Hammond. To BECHA'NCE, be-tshanse' 352. v. a. To befall. Shakspeare. To BECHA'RM*, be-tshW y. a. To captivate. Beaumont and Fktcher. BE'CHICKS, be'-tshlks. n.s. [/%<*«.] Medicines proper for relieving coughs. Cotgrave. To BECK §, b£k. v. n. [beacn. Sax.] To make a sign with the head. Homily of Prayer. To BECK, b£k. v. a. To call by a motion of the head. Shakspeare. BECK,'b£k. n.s. A sign with the head. Milton. A nod of command. Sidney. BECK*', b£k. n. s. [becc, Sax.] A small stream, Drayton. To BE/OKON, bek'-kn. 170. v. n. To make a sign without words. Acts, xix. To BE'CKON, beV-kn. v. a. To make a sign to, Spenser. BE'CKON*, bek'-kn. n.s. A sign without words. Bolingbroke. To BECLFP, be-kllp'. v. a. [be-clyppan, Sax.] To embrace. Wicklijj'e. To BECLOOJD*, be-klSfid'. v. a. To dim. Sidney. To BECOME §, be-kum / . v. n. pret. I becaine ; comp. pret. I have become, [by and co?7ie.~] To enter into some state or condition. Gen. ii 7. — To become of. To be the fate of; to be the end of. Raleigh, lo go. Bacon. To BECOME, be-knm'. v. a. [from be or by, and cpemen, Sax.] To please. To appear in a man- ner suitable to something. Shakspeare. To be suitable to the person ; to befit. Spenser. BECOMING, be-kum'-mlng. 4,10. part. a. Graceful Suckling. BECOMING, be-kfim'-ming. n. s. Ornament. Shak. BECOMINGLY, be-kum'-mmg-le. ad. After a becoming manner. More. BECOMINGNESS, be-kum'-mmg-nes. n.s. De- cency; propriety. Hallywell. To BECRFPPLE*, be-krip'-pl. v. a. To make lame. To BECU'RL*, be-kurl'. v. a. To curl. Search. BED§, b£d. n.s. [beb, Sax.] Something made to sleep on. Bacon. Lodging. Slutk. Marriage, Clarendon. Bank of earth raised in a garden. Bacon. The channel of a river, or any hollow. Milton. The place where any thing is generated, or reposited. Addison. A layer ; a stratum. Bur- net. — To bring to Bed. To deliver of a child. Prior. To make tlie Bed. To put the bed in order. Shakspeare. To BED, b£d. v. a. To go to bed with. Bp. Patrick. To place in bed. Bacon. To make partaker of the bed. Bacon. To sow or plant in earth. Mor- timer. To lay in a place of rest, or security. Donne. To lay in order; to stratify. Shakspeare. To BED, bed. v. n. To cohabit. Wiseman. To BEDA'BBLE, be-dab'-bl. v. a. To wet, to be sprinkle. Shakspeare. To REDA'FF*, be-daf 7 . v. a. [dappe, Sax.] To make a fool of. Cliaucer. 128 BED BEE -n6, move, nSr, n6t 3— tilibe, tub, bull ; — 61\ ;— p5und 3— thin, this. To BEDA'GGLE, be-dag'-gl. v.a. To bemire. Richardson. ToBEDARE*, be-daie'. v.a. To defy: to dare. Peek. To BEDA'RK* be-dark' v. a. To darken. Gower. Ob. T. To BEDA'SH, be-dash'. v.a. To bemire $ to be- spatter. Shakspeare. To BEDA'WB, be-dawb'. v.a. To dawb over. Shakspeare. To BEDA'ZZLE, be-daz'-zl. v.a. To make the sight dim by loo much lustre. Shakspeare, BEDCHAMBER, bgd'-tshame-bur. n.s. The cham- ber appropriated to rest. Hay-ward. BE'DCLOTHES, bed'-cloze. n.s. Coverlets spread over a bed. Shakspeare. BE'DDER, bed'-dfir. ) n. s. The nether-stone BEDE'TTER, be-det'-tur. C of an oilmill. BE'DDING, bgd'-dnig. 410. n.s. [bebbin£, Sax.] The materials of a bed. Spenser. To BEDE'AD^be-ded'. v.a. To deaden. Hallywell. To BEDE'CK, be-dek'. v. a. To deck. Shakspeare. BE'DEHOUSE, bede'-h6use. n.s. [bebe, Sax.] An hospital or alms-house BEDEL. See Beadle. BE'DELRY*, be'-dl-re.n.s.The extent of a beadle's office. Blount. To BEDE'W§, be-du/. v.a. To moisten gently. Shakspeare. BEDE'WER*, be-du'-tir. n.s. That which bedews. Slienvood. BEDE'WY*, be-du'-e. a. Moist with dew. Brewer's Lingua. BE'DFELLOW, bgd'-fel-lo. n. s. One that lies in the same bed. Shakspeare. BE'DHANGINGS*, bed'-hang-mgz. n. s. Curtains. Shakspeare. To BEDIGHT, be-dlte'. v. a. To adorn ; to dress. More. To BEDI'M, be-d?m'. v. a. To make dim. Sidney. To BEDFSMAL*, be-dlz'-mal. v. a. To make dis- mal. Student, ii. To BEDI ZEN, be-d?z'-zn. 103. v. a. [from dizen.] To dress out. Headley. BEDLAM $, bed'-lftm. 88. n.s. [corrupted from Bethlehem, the name of a religious house in Lon- don, converted afterwards into an hospital for the mad.] A madhouse. Spehnan. A madman. Shak. BE'DLAM, bed'-lum. a. Belonging to a madhouse. Shakspeare. BE DL AMITE, bed'-lum-lte. 155. n.s. A madman. B. Jonson. BE'D MAKER, bed'-ma-kfir. n.s. A person in the universities, whose office it is to make the beds. Spectator. BE'DMATE, bSd'-mate. n.s. A bedfellow. Shak. BE'DMOULDING, bgd'-mold-mg. ; BEDDING-MOULDING, bed'-dlng-m6ld-mg. ] ' n. s. Those members in the cornice which are placed below the coronet. Builder's Dictionary. To BEDO'TE*, be-ddte'. v.a. To make to dole. Chaucer. Ob. T. BE'DPOST, bed'-post. n.s. The post at the corner of the bed, which supports the canopy. Wiseman. BE'DPRESSER, bed'-pres-sfir. n. s. A heavy, lazy fellow. Shakspeare. To BEDRA'GGLE, be-drag'-gl. 405. v.a. To soil the clothes, by suffering them, in walking, to reach the dirt. Swift. To BEDRE'NCH, be-drensh'. v.a. To drench. Shakspeare. BE'DRID, b&i'-rld. a. [bebniba, Sax.] Confined to the bed by age or sickness. Shakspeare. BE'DROOM*, bed'-room. n. s. A bedchamber. BE'DRITE, bed'-rlte. n.s. The privilege of the marriage bed. To BEDRO'P, be-drop'. v. a. To besprinkle. Chau- cer. BE'DSIDE* bed'-skle. n. s. The side of the bed. Middleton. BE'DSTEAD, btkF-sted. n. s. The frame on which the bed is placed. Sm/t. BE'DSTRAW, bkl'-straw. 71.5. The straw laid under a bed to make it soft. Bacon. BEDSWE'RVER, bkl'-swer-vur. n. s. One that is false to the bed. Shakspeare. BE DTIME, bed'-tlme. n. s [bebtib, Sax.] Th*» hour of rest. Shakspeare. To BEDU'CK*, be-duk'. v.a. To D ut under watet Spenser. To BEDU'NG, be-dung 7 . v.a. To manure with dung. Bp. Hall. To BEDU'SK* be-d&sk'. v. a. To smutch. Cot grave. Ob. T. To BEDILST, be-dfist'. v. a. To sprinkle with dust Shencood. BE D WARD, bgd'-ward. ad. Toward bed. Shak. To BEDWA'RF, be-dwarf. v.a. To make little, Donne. BE'DWORK, bed'-wurk. n. s. Work done in bed , work performed without toil of the hands. Sliak. To BEDY'E*, be-di'. v. a. To stain. S) enser. BEE§, bee. n.s. [beo.Sax.] The animal that makes honey. Shak. An industrious and careful person BEE-EATER, bee'-e-tur. n. s. A bird that feeds upon bees. BEE-FLOWER, bee'-flSu-ur. n.s A species of foolstones. Miller. BEE-GARDEN, bee'-gar-dn. 103. n.s. A place to set hives of bees in. Mortimer. BEE-HIVE, bee'-hlve. n.s. The case in which bees are kept. Shakspeare. BEE-MASTER, bee'-ma-stfir. n. s. One that keeps bees. Mortimer. BEECH §, beetsh. n.s. [beee, or boc, Sax.] A tree that bears mast, which is good to fatten swine and deer. Miller. BE'ECHEN, bee'-tshn. 103. a. [becen, Sax.] Be- longing to the beech. Confrere. BEEF§, beef. n.s. [beat/, Fr.] The flesh of black cattle prepared for food. Shak. An ox, bull, or cow, considered as fit for food. Dent. xiv. BEEF, beef. a. Consisting of the flesh of black cat- tle. Swift. BEEF-EATER, beef-e-tfir. n. s. T bean/etkr, one who attends at the sideboard.] A yeoman of the guard. BEEF-WITTED, beef-wft-teU a. Dull; stupid. Shakspeare. BEELD*, beeld. n. s. [behliban, Sax.] Protection j refuge. Fair/ax. BE'EMOL, bee'-mol. n. s. In musick, a half note Bacon. BEEN, bin. [beon, Sax.] The participle preterit of To Be. Pope. [The present tense plural of To Be. Spenser. Ob. J.] 5^= This word, in the solemn, as well as the familiar style, has shared the fate of most of those words, which, from their nature, are in the most frequent use. It is scarcely ever heard otherwise than as the noun bin, a repository for corn or wine, and must be placed among those deviations, which language is always liable to in such words as are auxiliary or subordinate to others ; for, as those parts of bodies which are the most fre quently handled grow the soonest smooth by constant friction, so such words as are in continual use seem to wear off their articulations, and become more irregular than others. So low as the age of James the First, I have seen this word spelled byn, W. BEER, beer. n. s. [bir, Welsh.] Liquor made of malt and hops. Sliakspeare. BE'ERBARREL*, beer'-bar-rfl. n.s. A barrel which holds beer. Shakspeare. BE'ERHOUSE*, beer'-house. n.s. An alehouse Gascoisjie. BE'ESTINGS. See Biestings. BEET, beet. n.s. [beta, Lat.] The name of a plant Miller. BE'ETLE $, bee'-tl. 405. n. 5. [bytel,Sax.] An insect distinguished by having hard cases or sheaths, un der which he folds his wings. Sliak. Heavy mal- let, or hammer. Shakspeare. To BE'ETLE, bee'-tl. v.n. To jut out. Sluakspear* BE'ETLEBROW* bee'-tl-brdu. n s. A prominent brow. Sir R. Fansliawe^ 129 BEG BEH O" 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat ;— me, m£t;— pine, pin : BE'ETLEBROWED,b&'-tl-brdftd. 362. a. Having frominent brows. Howell. 'ETLEHEADED, bee'-tl-hed-gd. a. Logger- headed; wooden-headed. Sliakspeare. EE'ETLESTOCK, bee / -tl-st5k. n. s. The handle of a beetle. Spenser. BE'ETRAVE, beet'-rave. ) . , , BE'ETRADISH,beet'-rad-?sh. \ n ' s ' A P lant BE'EVES, beevz. n. s. [The plural of beef.-] Black cattle ; oxen. Milton. To BEFA'LL, be-fawl'. v. a. [bepeallan, Sax.] To happen to. Sliakspeare. To happen to, as good or neutral. Bacon. To BEFA'LL, be-flwl'. v. n. To happen ; to come to pass. — To befall of. To become of 3 to be the state or condition of: a phrase little used. To BEFIT, be-fit'. v. a. To suit ; to become. Shak. To BEFO'AM*, be-f6me ; . v. a. To cover with foam. Eusden. To BEFO'OL, be-f66l'. v. a. To infatuate? to fool. Mountagu. BEFORE $, be-fore', prep, [bepopan, Sax.] Far- ther onward. Dryden. In the front of. Milton. In the presence of. Dryden. In sight of. Shak. Un- der the cognizance of. Ayliffe. In the power of. Milton. By the impulse of something behind. Shak. Preceding in time. Dryden. In preference to. Hooker. Prior to. Superiour to. BEFORE, be-fdre 7 . ad. Sooner than. Milion. In time past. Dryden. In some time lately past. Hole. Previously to. Swift. To this time. Hitherto. Dryden. Already. Dryden. Farther onward in place. Sliakspeare. BEFOREHAND, be-fore'-hand. ad. In a state of anticipation. Hudibras. Previously; by way of preparation. Hooker. Antecedently. Atter^nry. In a state of accumulation. Bacon. At first. L' Estrange. BEFO RETIME, be-fore'-tlme. ad. Formerly. 1 Samuel. To BEFO'RTUNE, be-f6r'-tshune. 461. v. n. To happen to. Slw.kspeare. To BEFOUL, be-foul 7 , v. a. [bepylan, Sax.] To soil. !To BEFRFEND, be-frend'. v. a. To favour; to be kind to. Sliakspeare. To BEFRFNGE, be-frinje'. v. a. To decorate with fringes. Fuller. To BEG §, b£g. v.n. [beggeren, Germ.] To live upon alms. Luke, xvi. To BEG, beg. v. a. To ask. Matthew, xxvii. To take any thing for granted. Burnet. To BEGET §, be-get'. v. a. begot, or begat. [begete- fcan, Sax.] To generate ; to procreate, Spenser. To produce, as effects. Shak. To produce, as ac- cidents. DenJutm. BEGETTER, be-get'-tur. 98. n. s. He that procre- ates. Dryden. BE'GGABLE^beg'-ga-bl. a. What maybe begged. Butler. BEGGAR, beg'-gur. 418. n. s. One who lives upon alms. Sam. A petitioner. Dryden. One who as- sumes what he does not prove. Tillotson. To BE'GGAR, beg'-gur. v. a. To reduce to begga- ry. Shak. To deprive. Slmk. To exhaust. Sluxk. To drive by impoverishing. Bolingbroke. BEGGAR-MAID* beg'-gur-made. n.s. A maid who is a beggar. Sliakspeare. BE'GGAR-MAN* beg--gur-man. n. s. A man who is a beggar. Sliakspeare. BE'GGAR-WOMAN*, beg' gar-wum-un. n.s. She who is a beggar. Sliakspeare. BE'GGARLFNESS, beg'-gfir-le-nes. n.s. Mean- ness; poverty. Bai~ret. BE'GGARLY, beg'-gur-le. a. Mean ; poor. Shak. BE'GGARLY, beg'-gur-le. ad. Meanly. Hooker. BE'GGARY. beg'-'gfir-e. n. s. Indigence. Sidney. BEGFLT*, be-gnt'. part. a. Gilded. B. Jonson. jToBEGFN^, be-gm'. v.n. I began, or begun; I have begun, [beftmnan, SaxJ To enter upon something' new. Bp. Taylor. To commence any action. Ezekiel, ix. To enter upon existence. [begraven, TeutJ Gower. Ob. T. To soil or daub Dryden. To have its original. Blackmo-e. To take rise ; to commence. Dryden. To come irlo act. Dryden. To BEGFN, be-gin'. v. a. To do the first act of any thing. Pope. To trace from, as the first ground. Locke. To enter upon. Government of the Tongue. BEGFN*, be-gln'. n. s. For beginning. Spenser. Ob. T. BEGI'NNER, be-gm'-n&r. 95. n.s. He that gives the first cause. Spenser. An unexperienced ai tempter. Sidney. BEGFNNFNG, be-ghi'-ning. 410. n.s. The first orig inal or cause. Swift. The entrance into act, or being\ Genesis, i. The state in which any thing first is. Denham. The rudiments, or first grounds. Dryden. The first part of any thing. Broome. BEGI'NNINGLESS* be-gm'-nmg-)es. a. What hath no beginning. Barroic. To BEGl'RD, be-gerd'. 160. v. a. I begirt, or begird- ed. [begypban, Sax.] To bind with a girdle. To surround. Milton. To shut in with a siege. Clar- endon. To BEGFRT, be-ggrt'. v. a. To begird. B. Jonson. BE'GLERBEG, beg'-ler-beg. n.s. [Turkish.] The chief governour of a province among- the Turks. Ricaud. ToBEGNA'W, be-naw'. v. a. [begnagan, Sax.] To bite ; to eat away. Shakspeare. BEGO'NE, be-g6n'. interj. Go away; hence; haste away. Chaucer. BEGO'RED*, be-g6rd'. part. a. Smeared with gore. Spenser. BEGOT, be-got'. ) The participle pas* BEGOTTEN, be-g&t'-tn. 103. 5 sive of the verb beget. Ecclus. viii. To BEGRA'VE*, be-grave'. v. a. To bury. Gower. To engrave. To BEGRE'ASE, be-greze'. v. a. with fat matter. Mins/ieu. To BEGRI'ME, be-grlme'. 160. v.a. To soil wkh dirt deep impressed. Crowley. To BEGRUDGE*, be-grudje'. v.a. To envy Standard of Equality. To BEGUFLE, be-gyile'. 160. v.a. To impose upon. Colossians, ii. To deceive. Shakspeare. To amuse. Shakspeare. BEGUI'LER* be-gylle'-ur. n.s. One who beguiles. To BEGUI'LTY* be-gll'-te. v. a. To render guilty. Bp. Sanderson. BE'GUIN*, ba'-g?n. n. s. [beguin, Fr.] A nun of a particular order. Cotgrave. BEGUN, be-gfin'. The preterpeifect tense of begin. Sir J. Davies. BEHA'LF, be-haf\ 78,403. n.s. [behepe, Sax.] Favour ; cause favoured. Clarerdon. Vindication ; support. Sidney. To BEHA'PPEN*, be-hap'-pn. v. n. To happen to. Spenser. To BEHA'VE§, be-have'. v. a. [pel-behopen,Sax.] To carry ; to conduct. 2 Maccabees, ii. To sub- due ; to discipline. Spenser. To BEH AYE, be-have'. v.n. To act; to conduct one's self. BEHA'VIOUR, be-have'-yur. 294. n.s. Manner of behaving one's self. Sidney. External appeal ance. Sidney. Gesture. Sidney. Elegance of manners. Bacon. General practice. Locke. To BEHE'AD, be-hed'. v. a. To deprive of the head. Clarendon. To BEHE'L*, be-hel'. v. a. To torture as with the pains of hell. Hewijt. BEHE'LD, be-held'. part, passive, from behold. Pope. BEHE'MOTH, be'-he-m6tfi. n.s. [Heb.] The ele- phant. Calmet. BE'HEN, be'-hen. } n. s. Valerian roots. Also a BEN, ben. \ fruit resembling the tamarisk. Diet. BEHE'ST, be-l^sl'. n. s. [be and hsepe, Sax.] Com- mand; precept. Sidney. 2 T o BEUL'GHT, be-hUe. v.a, pret.bclwt.pnrt.be- hight. [behetan, Sax.] To promise. Spenser. To ISO BEL BEL — n6, m6ve, n8r, n&tj — tube, tab, bull; — 611 5 — pdond; — thin, THis. intrust. Spenser. To call ; to name. Spenser. To command. Spenser. To adjudge, Spenser. To address. Spenser. To inform. Cliaucer. To mean. Mir. for Magistrates. To reckon. Spenser. BEHI'ND§, be-hlnd'. [See Wind.] prep, [behin- dan, Sax.] At the back of. Knolles. On the back part. Mark, v. Towards the back. Judges, xx. Following another. 2 Samuel, iii. Remaining- af- ter the departure of. Shak. Remaining after death. Pope. At a distance from something-. Dnjden. Inferiour to. Hooker. On the other side of. Dry den. BEHI'ND, be-hlnd'. ad. Out of sight. Locke. Most of the former senses may become adverM/d by sup- pressing the accusative case ; as ; I left my money behind, or behind me. BEHINDHAND, be-hind'-hand. ad. In a state in which rent or profit, or any advantage, is antici- pated. Locke. Not upon equal terms, with regard to forwardness. Spectator. Backward ; tardy. Shakspeare. To BEHO'LD?, be-hold'. v. a. pret. I belield, 1 have be! held, or beholden, [behealban, Sax.] To view 3 to see, in an emphalical sense. Ezekiel, xl. BEHO'LD, be-h6ld'. inter}. See 5 lo. Milton. BEHO'LDEN, be-h6l'-dn. 103. part. a. [gehouden, Dutch.] Obliged; bound in gratitude. Slutkspeare. BEHO'LDER, be-hol'-dar. n. s. Spectator. Shak. BEHO'LDING, be-h6l'-dmg. 410. a. Obliged. BEHO'LDING, be-hol'-ding. n. s. Obligation. Ca- rets. BEHO'LDINGNESS, be-h6ld'-hig-nes. n.s. The stale of being- obliged. Donne. To BEHO'NEY* be-hun'-ne. v.o. To sweeten with honey. Sherwood. BEHO'OFf,be-ho5f\ n.s. [behepe, Sax.] That! which behoves ; profit; advantage. Spenser. BEHO'OVABLE*, be-h66v'-a-bl. a. Fit ; expedient. I 7'o BEHO'OVE, be-h6ov'. v.n. [behopan, Sax.] j To be fit ; to be meet. Hooker. BEHO'OVEFUL, be-h66v'-ful. a. Useful ; profita- ble. Spenser. BEHO'OVEFULLY, be-hoSv'-f ul-le. ad. Usefully: Spenser. BEHO'T*, be-hot', preterit of beliiglit. To promise. Spenser. BEHO'VABLE*, be-h66v'-a-bl. a. Profitable ; use- ful. BEHO'VE*, be-hS3v'. n.s. Advantage; behoof. Gascnigne. Ob. T. FoBEHO'VES*, be-hoSv'. v.n. [behopan, Sax.] To be fit ; to be meet. Wicklijfe. BEHO'VEFUL*, be-h66v'-ful. a. Fit; expedient. Bp. Sanderson. BEHO'VELY*, be-h&ov'-le. a. Profitable. Gower. FoBEHO'WL*, be-h6ul'. v.n To howl at. Shak. BEING, be'-lng. 410. particip. [beonb, Sax.] Exist- ing. Alterbury. BE'ING, be'-hig-. n.s. Existence. Hooker. A par- ticular state. Dnjden. The person existing. Dry- den. BE'ING, beMng. conjunct. Since. Pearson. BE'ING-PLACE*, be'-ing-plase. n.s. An exist- ence. Spenser. BE IT SO, be'-1t-s6. A phrase of anticipation, sup- pose it be so ; or of permission, let it be so. Shak. To BEJA'DE* be-jade'. v.a. To tire. Milton. To BEJA'PE*, be- 'j ape', v. a. To laugh at ; to de- ceive. Chaucer. Ob. T. To BEKI'SS*, be-k?s'. v.a. To salute. B. Jonson. To BEKNA'VE*, be-nave'. v.a. To call knave. Pope. 2\> BEKNO'W* be-n6'. v.a. To acknowledge. Chaucer. Ob. T. To BELA'BOUR, be-la'-b&r. v.a. To beat; to thump. Drvden. To BELA'CE, be-lase'. v.a. To fasten. Diet. BELA'CED*, be-laste'. part. a. Adorned with lace. Beaumont. TW BELA'M*, bedam'. v. a. To beat ; to bang. UE'LAMY. bel'-a-me. n. s. [pel amie, Fr.] A friend ; an intimate, Spenser. Ob. J. BE'LAMOUR, beT-a-m66r. n.s. [bel amour, Fr,] Gallant; consort. Spenser. To BELA'TE$*, be-late', v. a. To retard ; to make too late. Davenant. BELA'TED, be-la'-ted. a. Benighted. Milton. BELA'TEDNESS*, be-la'-ted-n&s. n.s. Slowness Milton. To BELA'VE*, be-lave'. v. a. To wash. Cockeram. To BELA'WGIVE* be-law'-g?v. v. a. To give a law to. Milton. To BELA'Y, be-la'. v. a. To block up. Dry den. To attack ; to besiege. Gower. To decorate ; to lay over. Spenser. To BELAY a rope. [Sea term.] To splice ; to mend a rope, by laying one end over another. To BELCH §, belsh. v.n. [bealcan, SaxJ To eject the wind from the stomach. Davies. To issue out as by eructation. Psalm lix. To BELCH, belsh. v. a. To throw out from the stom- ach. Shakspeare. BELCH, b£lsh. 352. n.s. The act of eructation. A cant term for malt liquor. Dennis. BE'LCHING*, belsh'-fng. n. s. Eructation. Barret. BE'LDAM, bel'-dam. 88. n. s. [belle dame, Fr.] An old woman. Shakspeare. A hag-. Sidimj. To BELE'AGUER*,be-le'-gur. v.a. [beleggeren, Dutch.] To besiege. Dry den. BELE'AGURER, be-le'-gfir-ur. n.s. One that be sieges a place. Sherwood. To BELE'AVE* be-leve'. v. a. To leave. May. To BELEE', be-lee'. v. a. To place in a direction unsuitable to the wind. SlwJcspeare. BELEMNI'TES, be-lem-nl'-tez. n. s. \j3t\os.~] Ar- row-head, or finger- stone. To BELE'PER*, be-lep'-p«r. v.a. To infect with the leprosy. Beaumont and Fletclier. BE'LFLOWER, bel'-fl6ur. n. s. A plant. Miller. BE'LFOUNDER, bel'-foun-dor. n. s. He who founds or casts bells. Bacon. BE'LFRY, bed'-fre. n.s. [bel/roit, old Fr.] The place where the bells are rung. Gay. BELGA'RD, bel-gard'. n. s. [belle egard, Fr.] A soft glance. Spenser. Ob. J. To BELI'BEL*, be-ll'-bel. v.a. To traduce. Fuller To BELI'E, be-lK v. a. To counterfeit. Dryden. To give the lie to. Dryden. To calumniate. Slwk. To give a false representation of. Shakspeare. To fill with lies. Shakspeare. BELI'EF, be-leef. n. s. Credit given. Wotton. The theological virtue of faith. Hooker. Religion. Hooker. Persuasion ; opinion. Milton. The thing believed. Bacon. A form containing the articles of faith. BELI'EVABLE, be-lee'-va-bl. a. Credible. Sher- wood. To BELI'EVE§, be-leev'. v.a. feelypan, Sax.] To credit. Locke. To put confidence in. Exodus, To BELI'EVE, be-leev'. v.n. To have a firm per suasion of. Exod. iv. To exercise the dieological virtue of faith. Romans, x. BELIEVER, be-lee'-vur. 98. n. s. He that believes. Hooker. A professor of Christianity. Hooker. BELIE VINGLY, be-lee'-vlng-le. ad. After a be- lieving manner. BELI'KE, be-like', ad. Probably. Sidney. BELI'KELY*, be-llke'-le. ad. Probably. Bp. Hall BELI'VE, be-live'. ad. [bihve, Sax.] Speedily; quickly. Spenser. BELL§, beL n. s. [bel, Sax.] A vessel, or hollow body of cast metal, formed to make a noise by the act of some instrument striking against it. Shak. Any thing in the form of a bell, as the cups of flow- ers. Sliak. A small hollow globe of metal perfo- rated, and containing in it a solid ball, which, when it is shaken, by bounding against the sides, gives a sound. Slmk. — To bear tlie bell. To be the firs; Spenser. To BELL, bel. v.n. To grow in buds in the form of a bell. Mortimer. BELL-FASHIONED, bel'-fash-und. a. Having the form of a bell. Mniimer. 131 BEL BEN Q 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— [bellitudo, Lat.] n. [bellan, Sax.] To BELLADO'NNA*, bSMa-ddn'-na. n. s. [Ital.] The deadly nightshade. BELLE, be! ?:. 5. [beau, belle., Fr.] A smart young lady. Pope. BE'LLED*, beld. a. Having bells affixed to it. BELLES LETTRES, beT-la'-tur. n.s. [Fr.] Po- lite literature. Taller. BE'LLIBONE, bel'-le-b6ne. n. s. [belle and bonne, Fr.] A woman excelling both in beauty and good- ness. Spenser. Ob. J. BELLFGERANT, bgl-lfdje'-e-rant. 518. ? BELLFGEROUS, beLlfajV-e-rus. 314,518.$ °" [belligerans, Lat.] Waging war. Diet. ^BELLFGERATE^bel-lfdje'-e-rale. v.n. To make war. Cockeram. BELLFGERENT*, bel-lidje'-e-rent. a. Carrying on war. Ld. Chesterfield. BELLING., bel'-lmg. n.s. [bellan, Sax.] The noise of a roe, in rutting time. Diet. BELLFPOTENT, bSl-flp'-pA-i&it. 518. a. [bellipo- tens, Lat.] Puissant 3 mighty in war. Diet. BELLIQUE*, bel'-lik. a. [bellique, old Fr.] War- like ; martial. Feltham. BE'LLITUDE*, belMe-tude. n, Beauty. Cockeram. Ob. T. To BE'LLOW, b§F-l6. 327, make a noise as a bull. Slvxk. To make any vio lent outcry. Shak. To vociferate. Dryden. To roar as the sea. Spenser. BE'LLOW*, beK-16. n. s. Roar. BELLOWING*, beF-16-lng. w ; s. Loud noise } roaring. Sir T. Herbert. BELLOWS, beJM&s. n. s. [balgs, balgeis, Goth.] The instrument used to blow the fire. Sidney. &CT The last syllable of this word, like that of gallows, is corrupted beyond recovery into the sound of lus. W. BE'LLUINE, bel'-lu-lne. 149. a. [belluinus, Lat.] Beastly. Atterbury. BE'LLY§, beT-le. 182. n.s. [balgs. Goth.] That part of the human body which reaches from the breast to the thighs, containing the bowels. Sliak. In beasts, that part of the body next the ground. Genesis, xii. The womb. Shak. That part of man which requires food. Hayward. The part of any thing that swells out into a larger capacity. Bacon. Any place in which something is enclosed. Jonah, ii. To BE LLY, b&Me. v. n. To swell into a larger ca- pacity. Manilius. ToBE'LLY*, bel'-le. v. a. To fill j to swell out. Shakspeare. BE'LLYACHE, belMe-ake. 355. ?i. s. The cholick. Beaumont, and Fletcher. BE'LLYBAND*, bei'-le-band. n. s. The girth which fastens the saddle of a horse in harness. Sherwood. BE'LLYBOUND, beF-le-baund. a. Costive. BE'LLYCHEER*, belMe-tsheer. n.s. Good cheer. Cliaucer. BE'LLY-FRETTING, belMe-frSt-tmg. n.s. The chafing of a horse's belly with the foregirt. A great pain in a horse's belly, caused by worms. Diet. BE'LLYFUL, bel'-le-ful. n. s. As much food as fills the belly. BE'LLYGOD, belMe-g6d. n.s. A glutton. Hake- will. BE'LLY-PINCHED, bel'-le-pintsht. a. Starved. Shakspeare. BE'LLYROLL, b&'-le-r6le. n.s. A roll so called horn entering into the hollows. Mortimer. BE'LLYSLAVE*, belMe-slave. n. s. A slave to the appetites. Homily. BL'LLYTIMBER, beT-le-tlm-b&r. n. s. Food. Hu- dibras. BE'LLYVVORM, belMe-w&rm. n. s. A worm that breeds in the belly. Ray. BE'LMAN, b£i'-man. 83. n.s. He whose business it is to proclaim anything, and to gain attention by ringing his bell. Sliakspeare. BE'LMETAL beF-mel-tl. 405. n. s. The metal of which bells are made ; being a mixture of five parts copper with one of pewter. Bacon. To BELO'CK, be-l&k'. v. a. [belocen, Sax.] To fasten with a lock. Gower. BE'LOMANCY, beT-lo-man-se. n. s. [from /JAoc and uavTs'ia.] Divination by arrows. Broxvn. To BELONG §, be-long/, v. n. [belangen, Dutch.] To be the property of. Ruth, ii. To be the province or business of. Sliak. To adhere to. St. Luke, ix. To have relation to. 1 Sam. xxx. To be the qual- ity of. Cheyne. BELONGING*, be-l6ng'-mg. n.s. Quality. Shak To BELO'VE*, be-luv'. v. a. To love. Ob. T. BELO'VED, be-hV-ed. pan. Loved 3 dear. Shak. $5= This word, when an adjective, is usually pronounced in three syllables, as, a beloved son ; and wiien a parti ciple in two, as, he was much beloved. See PrincipU.i No. 362. W. BELOW, be-lAR§, be-smeer'. v. a. To bedawb. Spenser. To soil. Shakspeai'e. BESME'ARER*, be-smeer'-ur. to. s. He which soils or besmears any thing. Slierwood. To BESMI'RCH, be-smertsh'. v. a. To soil ; to dis- colour. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To BESMO'KE, be-sm6ke / . v. a. To foul with smoke. To harden or dry in smoke. To BESMU'T, be-smut'. v. a. [bismait, Goth.] To soil with smoke or soot. To BESNO'W*, be-sno'. v. a. [bermipeb, Sax.] To scatter like snow. Gower. BESNU'FFED*, be-snuft'. a. Smeared with snuff. Young. BE'SOM, be'-zum. to. s. [beym, Sax.] An instrument to sweep with. Bacon. To BESO'RT§. be-sdrt'. v. a. To suit; to fit. Shak. BESO'RT, be-sorf. n.s. Company; train. Shak. 7bBES0'T§, be-sot'. v. a. To infatuate. Milton, To make to doat. Shakspeare. BESO'TTEDLY*, be-s&t'-tid-le. ad. In a foolish, besotted manner. Milton. BESO'TTEDNESS*, be-sSt'-ted-ngs. to, 5. Stupid- ity ; infatuation. Milton. BESO'UGHT, be-sawt'. part, passive of beseech. To BESPA'NGLE, be-spang'-gl. v. a. To adorn with spangles. Pope. To BESPA'TTER, be-spat'-rur. v. a. To soil by throwing filth. Government of the Tongue. To as- perse with reproach. Swift. To BESPA'WL, be-spawl y . v. a. To daub with spit- tle. Milton. To BESPE'AK §, be-speek'. v. a. bespoke, or bespoke , I have bespoke, or bespoken, To order beforehand. Shak. To make way by a previous apology. Dryden, To forebode. Swift. To speak to; to address. Spenser. To betoken; to show. Add.i. BESPE'AKER, be-spee'-kur. to. s. He that bespeaks any thing. Wotton. To BESPE'CKLE, be-spek'-kl. v. a, To mark with speckles. Milton. jToBESPE'T* be-speV.'U.a. To daub with spittle Chaucer. Ob. T. To BESPE'W, be-spu'. v. a. To daub with spew or vomit. To BESPFCE, be-splse'. v. a. To season with spices. Shakspeare. To BESPFT, be-sp'fV. v. a. To daub with spittle. Wicliffe. To BESPO'T, be-spSt'. v. a. To mark with spots. Bp. Rainbow. To BESPRE'AD, be-spred'. v. a. To spread over Dryden. BESPRE / NT*.be-sprent / .par*. [beppnen^an, Sax.] Besprinkled. 'Spenser. Milton. To BESPRFNKLE § ; be-sprfnk'-kl. v. a. [bespren kelen, Dutch.] To sprinkle over. Dryden. BESPRFNKLER*, be-sprmk'-l&r. to. s. He tha< sprinkles any thing. Sherwood. 134 BET BEV — n6, mOve. n6r ; not ; — tube, t5b, bull ;— oil ; — pound;— thin, th'is. To BESPFRT*, or BESPURT*, be-spfirt'. t\ a. j To throw out scat'.eringly. Milton. To BESPUTTER, be-sp&t'-tfir. v. a. To sputter over. BEST§, b£st. a. The superlative from good, [bepte, ! Sax.] Most good; that which has good qualities j in the highest degree. 1 Samuel, viu. 1 he best.] The utmost power. Shak. — To make the best. To j improve to the utmost. Bacon. BEST, best. ad. In the highest degree of goodness. I BEST is sometimes used in composition ; but in the i following and similar words it is arbitrary : best- beloved, best-betrust, best-conditioned, bcst-resclved, best-tempered. To BESTA'IN, be-stane'. v. a. To mark with stains. Shakspeare. To BESTE'ADjbe-st&l'. v. a. [from stead.] To profit. Milton. To treat ; to accommodate. Isaiah, viii. To dispose. Spenser. BE'STIAL$, beV-tshe-al. 464, a. Belonging to a benst. Dry den. Brutal. Shakspeare. JfcjT This word is sometimes improperly pronounced with the e long, as if written beastial, whereas it comes di- rectly from the French bestial ; and ought to be pro- nounced as if written besl-yal, 272. "A hare, who, in a civil way, "Complied with ev'ry thing, like Gay, "Was known to all the bestial train " That haunt the woods or scour the plain." Gay. W. BESTIA'LITY, bes-tshe-al'-e-te. n. s. The quality of beasts. Arbuthnot. ToBE'STIALFZE* beV-tshe-al-lze. v. a. To make like a beast. Phil. Letters on Physiognomy. BESTIALLY, bes'-tshe-al-le. ad. Brutallv. To BESTFCK, be-suV. v. a. To stick over with any thing. Milton. To BESTFR, be-steV. 109. To put into vigorous action. Milton. BE'STNESS*, best'-nes. n. s. The most excellent state. Bp. Morton. 21? BESTO'RjM* be-storm'. v.n. To rage. Young. 2'oBESTO'W§, be-st6'. v. a. [beptanban, Sax.j To give. Sidney. Sometimes with to. Clarendon. To give as charity or bounty Hooker. To give in marriage. Shak. To give as a present. Dryden. To apply. Swift. To lay out upon. Vent. xiv. To lay up. 2 Kings, v. BESTOWAL*, be-si6'-al. n. s. Disposal. BESTO'WER, be-st6'-ur. 98. n. s. Giver. Staling. To BESTRA'DDLE* be-strad'-dl. v. a. See To Bestride. BESTR AUGHT, be-strlwt'. part. Distracted; mad. Shakspeare. To BESTRE'W, be-slro'. v. a. [beptpypeb, Sax.] ! To sprinkle over. Milton. To BESTRFDE, be-stride'. v. a. I bestrid ; I have i hestrid, or bestridden, [bertpiban, Sax.] To stride To step, over. Shak. To To adorn with studs. over any thing. Shak, ride on. Shalcspeare. To BESTU'D, be-stud' Drayton. To BESWFKE*, be-swlke'. v. a. [beppican, Sax.] To allure. Gower, BET §, bet. n. s. [peb, Sax.] A wager. Prior. To BET, bet. v. a. To wager. Shakspeare. BET. The old pretent of beat. Bacon. To BETA'KE, be-take'. v. a. pret. I betook ; part, pass, betaken, [betsecan, Sax.] To commit, or in- trust, or deliver. Spenser. To have recourse to. Hooker. To apply. Dryden. To move; to re- move. Spenser. BETA'UGHT*, be-tawt'. pret. of betake. Chaucer. Ob. T. To BETE'EM, be-teem'. v. a. To bring forth. Span. BE'TEL*, be'-d. n. s. An Indian shrub. Sir. T. Herbert. To BETHFNK§,be-*Mnk'. v. a. I bethought ; I have bethought. To recall to reflection. Sidney. To BETHFNK*, be-iMnk'. v. n. To consider. Spenser. BETHLEHEM §, beW-le-em. n. s. [See Bedlam.] An hospital for lunaticks. BE'THLEHEMITE, beW-le-em-lte. n. s. A lima- tick. To BETHRA'L, be-tfirall'. 406. r. a. To enslave Spenser. To BETHU'MP. bh-thump'. v. a. To beat. Shak. To BETL'DF. $*, be-llde'. v. a. pret. It bctided, or be- tid; part. pass, betid, and betiglit. [tib. Sax.] To happen to; to befall. Spenser. J'oBETlD'E, be-tide'. v. n. To come to pa*j. Spenser. To become. Shakspeare. BETl'ME, be-time'. ) ad. Seasonably. Shak. Soon BETFMES, be-tlmz'. } Spenser. Early in Lhe day. Shakspea.re. BETLE, be'-tl. )n.s. A plant called water nop- BETRE, be'-tr. \ per. To BETO'KEN, be-t6'-kn. v. a. To signifj . Hooker To foreshow. Thomson. BETONY, bet'-to-ne. n. s. [Monica, Lat.] A plant, greatly esteemed as a vulnerary herb. BETO'RN*, be-l6rn'. part. a. Violently separated. SackviUe. To BETO'SS, be-t&s'. v. a. To disturb. Shah To toss into the air. Slielton. To BETRA'P*, be-trap'- v. a. To ensnare. Occleir. Ob. T. ToBETRA'YS, be-tra'. v. a. [betpotfan, Sax.] To give into the hands of enemies by treachery 1 Chron. xii. To discover that which has been in- trusted to secrecy. To expose to evil by revealing something intrusted. Milton. To make known something that were better concealed. Waffs. To make liable to fall into an inconvenience. King Charles. To show; to discover. Milton. BETRA'YER, be-tra'-ur. n. s. A traitor. Hooker. To BETRI'M, be-trlm'. v. a. To deck ; to dress Shakspeare. To BETROTH §, be-trotfi'. r. a. [betroicen, Butch.j To contract to any one, in order to marriage Spenser. To have as affianced by premise of mar riage. To nominate to a bishoprick, in order to consecration. Avliffe. BETRO THMENT*, be-trotf'-rnent. n. s. The act of betrothing. Exposition of the Canticles, (1585.) To BETRU'ST, be-trust' . v. a. To intrust. Bp. Hall. BETT* bet. ad. [bet, Sax.] The old English word for better. Chaucer. BETTER §, bet'-lur. 98. a. The comparative of good [bete pa. Snx.] Sliakspeare. The BETTER. The superiority. Sidney: lm provement. Dryden. BE'TTER, bet'-tur. ad. Well, in a greater degree Hosea, ii. More. Abp. Sancroft. To BE' FTER, bet'-tfir. r. a. To improve. Hooker. To surpass. Hooker. To advance ; to support. Bacon BETTER, beY-tur. n. s. Superiour. Hooker. BETTERING*, bet'-tur-lng. n. s. The act of im- proving. BETTING*, beY-ting. n. s. Proposing a wager Shemvood. BETTOR, bet'-tur. 166. n. s. One that lays wa gers. Addison. BETTY, beY-te. n. s. A small engine to force open the doors of houses. Arbuthnot. BETU'MBLED* be-tum'-bld. part. a. Disordered ; rolled about. Shaksjieare. BETWE'EN, be-tween'. prep, [betpeonan, Sax.] In the intermediate space. Pope. From one to another. Bacon. Belonging to two in partnership. Locke. Bearing relation to tWo. South. Noting difference of one from the other. Locke. BETWFXT,be-tw?kst'.p-ep. [betpyx,Sax.] In the midst of two. Milton. From one to' another. Shak. BE'VEL, or BE'VIL, bev'-il. 99. n. s. [In masonry and joinery.] A kind of square, movable on a cen- tre, and so may be set to any angle. Builder's Diet. To BE'VEL, bgv'-ll. v. a. To cut to a bevel angle. Moxon. BE'VER. See Beaver. BE'VER§*, bev'-vir. n. s. [bevere. Ital. to drink.] A refreshment between meals. B. Jonson. To BE'VER*, beV-fir. v. n. To partake of a bever Brewer. 135 BEZ EIC IEF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— mi, met ;— pine, p?n To keep awake. j. a. [bepepan, Sax.] n. To weep. Shak. To wet. Titus An- BE'VERAGE, bev'-ur-?dje. 90, 555. n. s. Drink. Shakspeare. BE'VY, beV-e. n. s. \beva, Ital.] A flock of birds. Cockeram. A company. Spenser. To BE WA'IL §, be-wale'. v. a. To bemoan. Shak. To BEWAIL, be-wale'. v. n. To express grief. Shakspeare. BE WAIL ABLE* be-wale'-a-bl. a. That which may be lamented. Sherwood. BEWAILING*, be-walt -ing. n. s. Lamentation. Raleigh. To BEWA'KE*, be-wake Goiver. To BEWA'RE, be- ware', v. n. To regard with cau- tion. Dry den. ToBEWE'EPS, be-weep'. To weep over. Shakspeare, To BEWE'EP*, be-weep'. v To BEWE'T, be-weV. v. a. dronicus. To BEWHO'RE* be-ho3r', or be-h6re'. v. a. To corrupt with regard to chastity. Beaum. and Ft. To pronounce a whore. Shakspeare. To BEWFLDER, be-wfl'-dur. 515. v. a. To per- plex ; to entangle. Dryden. To BEWFNTER*, be-win'-tur. v. a. To make like winter. Cowley. To BEWI'TCH §, be-wftsh'. v. a. To injure by witch- craft. Shakspeare. To charm. Sidney, b. ii. BE WFTCHER* be-witsh'-fir. n. s. One who be- witches. Stafford. BE WFTCHER Y, be-wftsh'-fir-e. 555. n. s. Fascina- tion. South. BEWFTCHFUL*, be-wftsh'-ful. a. Alluring. Mil- ton. BEWFTCHING*, be-wnsh'-mg. n.s. The act of bewitching. SJienvood. BEWFTCHINGLY^be-wltsh'-fng-le. ad. In an al- luring manner. Hallywell. BE WFTCHMENT, be-wltsh'-ment. n. s. Fascina- tion. Shakspeare. BE WONDERED*, be-wun'-durd pari. a. Amazed. Fairfax. To BEWRA'P*, be-rap'- v. a. To cover over. Mir. for Magistrates. To BEWRA'YS, be-ra'. 474. v. To betray. Spenser. To show Sidney. BEWRA'YER, be-ra/-ur. n. s. Betrayer ; discover- er. Addison. ToBEWRE'CK*, be-rek'. v, a. To ruin; to destroy. Mirror for Magistrates. BEWitO'UGHT* be-rawt'. pari. Worked. B. Jonson. BEY*, ba. n. s. {peg, Turkish.] A governour of a Turkish province Rycaut. BEYOND, be-vbnd'. prep, [be£eonb, Sax.] Be- fore. Pope. On the farther side of. Devi. xxx. Farther onward than. Herbert. Past; out of the reach of. Shak. Above ; proceeding to a greater degree than. Sidney. Above in excellence. Dry- den. Remote from. Dryden. — To go beyond is to deceive. Sidney. jj^p There is a pronunciation of this word so obviously wrong as scarcely to deserve notice ; and that is sound- ing the o like a, as if the word were written beyand. Absurd and corrupt as this pronunciation is, too many of the people of London, and those not entirely unedu- cated, are guilty o-f it. W. BEYO'ND*, be-yond'. ad. At a distance ; yonder. Spenser. BEZA'NT*, or BESA'NT*, be-zant'. n. s. [besant, Fr.] The current coin of old Byzantium, which was of gold. BE'ZEL, I bez'-il. n. s. That part of a ring in BE'ZIL, \ which the stone is fixed. BE'ZOAR §, be ; -z6re. n. s. [pa, against, and zahar, poison, Persick.] A medicinal stone, formerry in high esteem as an antidote ; brought from the East Indies. Chambers. BEZOA'RDICK*, bez-o-ar'-dik. a. Composed of bezoar. Student. [ppeftan, Sax.] to make visible. s. The quality of drink- BEZOA'RDICKS, bez-o-ar'-diks. n. s. Medicine compounded with bezoar. Floyer. BEZOA'RTICAL*, be7-6-ar'-te-kal. a Having the . quality of an antidote. To BE'ZZLE §*, bez'-zl. v. a. {besler, old Fr.] To waste in riot. Milton. BIA'NGULATED, bl-ang'-gu-la-tecl. ) a. Xbinus and BIAN'GULOUS, bl-ang'-gu-lus. 116. \ mgulus, Lat.] Having two corners or angles. Diet. BI'AS$, bl'-as. 88. n.s. [Mais, Fr.] The weight lodged on one side of a bowl, which turns it from the straight line. Shak. Any thing which turns a man to a particular course. Shakspeare. Propen- sion ; inclination. Dryden. To BFAS, bl'-as. v. a. To incline to some side. Sir R. Fanshawe. BFAS-DRAWFNG*, bi'-as-draw-fog. n. s. Partiality. Shakspeare. BFASNESS*, bl'-as-nes. n. s. Inclination to some side. BIB §, b?b. n. s. A small piece of linen put upon the breasts of children over their clothes. Beaumont and Fletcher. To BIB, bib. v.n. [bibo, Lat.] To tipple. Camden BIBA'CIOUS, bl-ba -shus. 118. a. [bibax, Lat.] Ad- dicted to drinking. Diet. {gf Ferhaps the first syllable of this word may be con- sidered as an exception to the general rule. 117. W. BIBA'CITY, bl-bas'-e-te. ing much. BFBBER, bib'-bur. 98. n. s [bib^on, Fr.] A tip- pler. Prov. xxiii. BIBBLE-BABBLE*, bfb'-bl-bab' bl. n. s. Prating ; idle talk. Shakspeare. BFBLE §, bl'-bl. 405. n. s. [$&\iov, a book; called. by way of excellence, The Book.] The sacred vol- ume in which are contained the revelations of God. Government of the Tongue. BFBLICAL*, blb'-le-kal. a. Relating to the Bible. Ahp. Newcome. BIBLIOGRAPHER, bib-le-og'-gra-fur. n. s. [j3 t /3- \bs and ypd.~\ A man skilled in the knowledge of books. Diet. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL*, bib-le-6-graF-e-kal. > BIBLIOGRA'PHICK* bib-le-6-graf-fk. ] °" Relating to the knowledge of books. BIBLIOGRAPHY §*, bib-le-6g'-ra-fe. n. s. The science of a bibliographer. BIBLIOMANIA*, bib-le-o-ma'-ne-a. n. s. [^Viov and fnavia.~] The rage of possessing scarce or cu- rious books ; book-madness. BIBLIOMA'NIACK*, bfo-le-o-ma'-ne-ak. n. s He who is smitten with a rage for books. BIBLIO'POLIST*, bib-le-op'^-list. n.s. [$ t $\iov and 7rwX£tV.] A bookseller. BIBLIOTHE'CAL, bib-le-o^'-e-kal. a. Belonging to a library. Diet. BIBLIO'THECARY*, blb-le-otfi'-e-ka-re. n. s, [/?(/3A('ov and 0^.] A librarian. Bp. Hall. BIBLIOTHlvKE*, blb-le-6-^eke'. n. s. A library. Bale. BFBULOUS, bib'-u-lfis. 314. a. \bibulus, Lat.] Spungy. Thomson. BICATSULAR, bl-kap'-shu-lar. 118,552. a. [bicap- sularis, Lat.] Having the seed vessel divided into two parts. BICE, blse. n. s. The name of a colour used in painting. It is either green or blue. Peacham. BICFPITAL, bl-slp'-e-tal. 118. ) a. [bicejjs, bicipitis, BICFPITOUS, bl-slp'-e-tfls. S Lat -1 Having two beads. Brown. One of the muscles of the arm. Brown. ToBrCKER§, bnY-kfir. 98. v.n. [bkre, Welsh.] To skirmish. Milton. To quiver. Thomson. BFCKERER, bfrY-ur-ur. 555. n, s. A skirmisher Sherwood. BFCKERING*, blk'-ur-ing. n. s. Quarrel; skir- mish. Sidney. BFCKERMENT* bfk'-ur-ment. n. s. Quarrel Spenser. BFCKERN, bik'-kum. n.s. 98,418. An iron end ins: in a point. Moxon. 1 136 BIG BIL -116, move, n6r, not 5 — tube, tub, bull ; — 6il 5 — p6iind ; — t/im, THis. BICO'RNE, bl'-kSrft. 118. >a. [bicomis. Lai.] Hav- 1 BlCO'RNOUS.bl-kor'-nus. \ ing two horns. Bmiiw. BICO'RPORAL, bl-kdr'- P 6-ral. 118. a. [bicorpor,\ LaL] Having two bodies. To BID§, bid. v. a. pret. I bid, bad, bade, 1 have bid, or bidden, [bibban. Sax.] To desire. Shakspeare. [ To command. Shak. To offer. S/ujc£. To proclaim; || to offer. Gay. To pronounce ; to declare. Shak. To denounce. Shak. To pray. 2 St. John. To bid beads is to distinguish each bead by a prayer. Dryden. BFDALE, bld'-al. n. s. [bid and ale.'] An invitation of friends to drink at a poor^man's house, and there to contribute charity. Vict. BIDDEN, bJd'-dn. 103. part. pass. Invited. Bacon. Commanded. Pope. BFDDER, b?d'-dQr. 98. n.s. One who offers or pro- poses a price 5 a commander, a prescriber of laws. Addison. BFDD1NG, bid'-dmg. 410. n. s. Command ; order. Shakspeare. The proposal of price for what is to be sold. To BIDE §, bide. v. a. [biban, Sax.] To endure; to suffer. Shakspeare. To BIDE, bide. v.n. To dwell. Milton. To remain in a place. Slia/cspeare. To continue in a state. Romans, xi. BIDE'NTAL, bl-den'-tal. 118. a. [bidens, Lat.] Hav- ing two teeth. Swift. BIDE'T*, be-deV. n.s. [Fr.] A little horse. B. Jonson. BFDING, blading. 410. n. s. Residence ; habitation. Rowe. BIE'NNIAL, bl-en'-ne-al. 116. a. [biennis, Lat.] Of the continuance of two years. Ray. BIENNIALLY* bi-en'-ne-al-le. ad. At the return of two j r ears. BIER, beer. 275. n. s. [biere, Fr. a coffin.] A carriage on which the dead are carried to the grave. Spenser. BPER-BALK* beer'-bawk. n. s. The church-road for burials, along which the corpse is carried. Homilies. BFESTING, bees'-tfng. 275. n.s. [by r t 1115, Sax.) The first milk given by a cow after calving. B. Jonson. BIFA'RIOUS, bl-fiV-re-tis. a. [bifarius, Lat.] Two- fold. Diet. BFFEROUS,bif / -fe-rus.533.a. [biferens, Lat.] Bear- ing fruit twice a year. £cCp We see that the antepenultimate accent on this word, as well as on bigamy, and some others, V.as the power of shortening the vowel in the first syllable. 535. W. BFFID, bl'-fld. 118. I 503, 535. a. [bifidus, BFFIDATED, blf-fe-da-tgd. \ Lat.] Diviacd into two 3 split into two. BPFOLD, bi'-fold. a. [bmus, Lat. and fold.] Two- fold; double. Shakspeare. BI'FORM*, bl'-f6rm. a. [biformis, Lat.] Having a double form. Croxall. BIFO'RMED, bl'-formd. 362. a. Compounded of two forms. BIFO'RMITY* bl-form'-e-te. n. s. A double form. More. B1FROTSTED* bl-frunt'-eU a, [bifrons^at] Hav- ing two fronts. B. Jonson. BIFIFRCATED, bl-nV-ka-tgd. 118. a. [binns and furca, Lat.] Shooting out, by a division, into two heads. Woodward. BIFURCATION, bl-fur-ka'-shun. n. s. Division into two. Brown. B1G§, big. a. [bug, Danish.] Having comparative bulk. Spect. Great in bulk. Locke. Teeming; pregnant. Baron. Full of something. Addison. Distended. Shakspeare. Great- in air and mien. Spe?iser. Great in spirit. Shakspeare. BIG*, b?g. n.s. A particular kind of barlev. To BIG*, big. v. cl [byS^an, Sax.] To build. BFGAM§*, big'-am. n.s. One twice married. Bp. Peacock. Bl'GAMTST, big ; -ga-mrst. n. s. One that has com- mitted bigamy. Avliffe. BFGAMY^Ig'-ga-me. 535, 503. n. s. [bigamia, low Lat.] The crime of having two wives at once Arbuthnot. BIG BELLIED, big'-bel-lid. 282. a. Pregnant. Sfiak Having a large belly, or protuberance. Bp. Hall. BPGBONED*, blg'-bond. a. Having large bones Sir T. Herbert. BFGCORNED*, blg'-kornd. a. Having large grains. Dryden. BFGGIN, blg'-gin. n. s. [beguin, Fr.] A cup like one of those worn by children. Sliakvpeare. A building. [by^an, Sax.] BIGHT,-bIte. n. s. The circumference of a coil of rope. BFGLY, bfg'-le. arf. Tumidly; haughtily. Dryden BFGNAMED* big'-namd. a. Having a great 01 famous name. Craslwtw. BFGNESS, blg'-nes. n.s. Bulk. Bacon. Size. Newton. BFGOTy, big'-gfit. 166. n. s. [begtdta, low Lat.] A man unreasonably devoted to a certain party a blind zealot. Bp." Taylor. BFGOT*, bfg'-gut. a. Bigoted. Dnjden. BFGOTED, bfg'-g&t-eU a. Irrational] Garth. mally zeaious. 95°" From what oddity I know not, this word is frequent- ly pronounced as if accented on the last syllable but one, and is generally found written as if it ought to be s» pronounced, the t heing doubled, as is usual when a participle is formed from a verb that has its accent oh the last syllable. Dr. Johnson, indeed, has very judi- ciously set both orthography and pronunciation t* rights, and spells the word with one t, though he finds it with two in the quotations he gives us from Garth and Swift. That the former thought it might be pronounced with the accent on the second syllable, is highly pre- sumable from the use he makes of it, where he says, " Bigotted to this idol, we disclaim " Rest, health, and ease, for nothing but a name." For if we do not lay the accent on the second syllable, here the verse will be unpaidonably rugged. This mis- take must certainly take its rise from supposing a verb which does not exist, namely, as bigot ; but as this word is derived from a substantive, it ought to have the same accent ; thus, though the words ballot and billet are verbs as well as nouns, yet as they have the accent on the first syllable, the participial adjectives derived from them have only one t, and both are pronounced with the accent on the first syllable, as balloted, billeted. Bigoted, therefore, ought to have but one t, and to pre- serve the accent on the first syllable. W. BFGOTEDLY*, bfg'-gfit-ed-le. a. In the manner of a bigot ; pertinaciously. BFGOTRY, blg'-gut-tre. 555. n.s. Blind zeal Watts. The practice or tenet of a bigot. Pope. BFGSOUNDING* big'-s6und-iiig. a. Having a pompous sound. Bp. Hall. BFGS WOLN, big'-sw6ln. a. Turgid ; ready to burst. Shakspeare. BIG-UDDERED, bfg'-ud-derd. a. Having large ud- ders. Pope. BFLANDER, bfl'-an-dur. 503. n.s. [belandre. Fr.] A small vessel of about eighty tons burden, used for the carriage of goods. Dryden. BFLBERRY, bSl'-ber-re. n.s. [bili£, Sax. and berry.] A small shrub ; and a sweet berry of that shrub; whortleberry. Shakspeare. BFLBO, bll'-bo. n. s. [from Bilboa.] A rapier; a sword. Slutkspeare. BFLBOES, bfl'-boze. 296. n.s. A sort of stocks, or wooden shackles for the feet, used for punishing of- fenders at sea. Sliakspeare. BTLBOQUET*,bl\'-b6-kh. n.s. [Fr.] The toy called a cup and ball. BILE §, bile. n. s. [bilis. Lat.] A thick, yellow, bitter liquor, separated in the liver, collected in the gal. • bladder, and discharged by the common duct, Quincy. BILE, bile. n. s. [bile, Sax.] A sore, angry swelling. Shakspeare. BILGE, bilje. 74. n. s. The compass or breadth of a ship's bottom. Skinner. To BILGE, bilje. 74. v. n. To spring a leak; to te' in water. Skinner. 137 BIN BLR 0=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met y— pine, pin;- BFL1ARY, bil'-ya-re 113. a. Belonging to the bile. Arbuthnot. BFLINGSGATE^il'-lmgz-gate. n.s. [A cant word, borrowed from Bilingsgate m London, where there are frequent brawls and foul language.] Ribaldry j foul language. Pope. B1LFNGUOUS, bl-ling'-gwus. 118. a. [bilinguis, Lat.] Having or speaking two tongues. BFLIOUS, bil'-yus. 113. a. Consisting of bile. Garth. BILFVE*, be-llve'. ad. The same as belive. To BILK §, bilk. v. a. [bUaikan, Goth.] To cheat ; to deceive. Dry den. BILL§, bill. n. s. [bile, Sax.] The beak of a fowl. Carew. BILL §, bill, n.s. [bille, Sax.] A hatchet with a hock- ed point. Temple. A battle-axe. Shakspeare. BILL §, bill. n. s. [bille, Fr.] A written paper of any kind. Slutkspeare. An account of money. Bacon. A law presented to the parliament, not yet made an act. Bacon. An act of parliament. Atterbury. A physician's prescription. Hudibras. An adver- tisement. Dry den. To BILL, bill. v. n. [bill, a beak.] To caress, as doves by joining bills. B. Jonson. To BILL, bill. v. a. To publish by an advertisement. L'Estrange. BFLLET, bil'-lit. 99, 472, 481. n. s. [billet, French.] A small paper; a note. Clarendon. A ticket di- recting soldiers at what house to lodge. A small log of wood for the chimney. Digby. — Billet doux, or a soft billet ; a love letter. Pope. To BFLLET, bil'-lit. v. a. To direct a soldier by a ticket -where he is to lodge. Shakspeare. To quar- ter soldiers. Raleigh. Simply, to dispose ; to lodge. Laud (Letter to him.) BFLLIARDS, bil'-yurdz. 113. n. s. Without a singu- lar, [billard, Fr.] A game at which a ball is forced against another on a table. Stiakspeare. ft^p Mr. Nares has very judiciously corrected a false ety- mology of Dr. Johnson in this word, whit might eventually lead to a false pronunciation. 1/7. Johnson derives it from ball and yard, or stick to push it with. So Spenser — " With dice, with cards, with billiards far unfit, " With shuttle-cocks, unseeming manly wit." Spenser, says Mr. Nares, was probably misled, as well as the lexicographer, by a false notion of the etymology. The word, as well as the game, is French, billard, and made by the addition of a common termination, from bille, the term for the ball used in playing. W. BFLLlON^bil'-yun. n.s. [Fr.] A million of millions. Cotgrave. BI'LLOW}, bilM6. n.s. [bilge, Germ.] A wave swoln, and hollow. Spenser. To BILLOW, bll'16. v.n. To swell, or roll, as a wave. Prior. BFLLOW-BEATEN*, bil'-lc-be-tn. a. Tossed by billows. Jordan. BI'LLOWY, biF-16-e. a. Swelling; turgid. Thomson. BPLMAN* bil'-man. n. s. He who uses a bill. Mirror for Magistrates. BIN, bin. n. s. [binne, Sax.] A place where bread, or corn, or wine, is reposited. Mortimer. BIX*. The old word For be and been. BFNACLEt, bin'-a-kl. n.s. A sea tenn, meaning the compass box. BFNARY §, bl'-na-re. 118. a. [binm, Lat.] Two ; dual. BFNARY*, bl'-na-re. n. s. The constitution of two. Fotherby. To BIND §, bind. v. a. pret. I bound ; particip. pass. bound, or bounden. [binban, Sax.] To confine widi oonds. Job, xli. To gird. Prov. xxx. To fasten to. Joshua. To fasten together. St. Matthew, xiii. To connect closely. Gen. xliv. To cover a wound with dressings. St. Luke, x. To oblige by stipula- tion, or oath. Num. xxx. To compel. Shale. To oblige by kindness ; to confine. Shakspeare. To make costive. Bacon. To restrain. Felton. — To bind to. To oblige to serve some one. Dryden. To bind over. To oblige to make appearance. Addison. To BIND, bind. v. n. To contract its own parts to- gether. Mortimer. To make costive ; to be obli gatory. Hale. BIND, bind. n. s. The stem of the hop, which is bound to the pole. Mortimer. BINDER, blnd'-ur. 89. n. s. A man whose trade it is to bind books. A man that binds sheaves. Chap- man. A Fillet. Wiseman. An astringent. Beau mont and Fleiclier. BFNDLNG, binding. 410. n. s. A bandage. Toiler The cover of a book. Donne. BFNDWEED, blnd'-weed. n.s. The name of a plant. Mortimer. BFNOCLE, bin'-ni-kl. 405. n. s. [binus and oadus.'] A kind of telescope, fitted so with two tubes joining together in one, as that a distant object may be seen with both eyes together. Han-is. D^T" The same reason appears for pronouncing the i in the first syllable of this word short as in bigamy* 535. W. BINOCULAR, bl-nok'-vj-lur. 118, 88, 98. a. Having two eyes. Derham. Employing both eyes at once. Reid. BINOMIAL Root, bl-no'-me-al-root. [In algebra.] A root composed of only two parts connected with the signs plus or minus. Hai-ris. BINOMINOUS.bl-nom'-in-us. a. Having two names. BIOGRAPHER,bl-og'-gra-f5r. 116. n.s. [biographe, Fr.] A writer of lives. Addison. BIOGR ATHICAL*, bl-6-graf-e-kal. a. Relating to biographv. Warton. BIOGRAPHY §, bl-og'-gra-fe. 116, 518. n.s. [pies and ypa-strang-gld. 359. [See Birchen.] a. Strangled in being born. Shakspeare. BFRTHWORT, bgrf.V-wurt. 166. n. s. The name BT SCO T/^, bls'-ko-tm. n.s. [Fr.] A confection made of flour, sugar, marmalade, and eggs. BFSCUIT, bls'-kn. 341. n. s. [bis, Lat. and cuit, baked.] A kind of hard, dry bread, baked for long voyages four times. Knolles. A composition of fine flour, almonds, and sugar. To BISF/CT6, bl-sekt'. 118, 119. v.* [bis and sere Lat.] To divide into two parts. Brown. BISECTION, bl-seV-slmn. 118. n.s. The division of any quantity into two equal paris. BISE'GMENT^bl-seg'-ment. n.s. One of the part: BI of a line divided into two equal halves. Diet. ['SHOPS, blsh'-up. 166. n.s. [brrcop, Sax.] One lor a mixture of the head order of the clergv. Avlifje. BISHOP, blsh y -fip. n. s. A cant woYd'fbr of wine, oranges, and sugar. Swift. To BFSHOP, b1sh/-up. v. a. [bi r ceopob ; Sax.] To I confirm; to admit into the church. Donne. I BFSHOPLIKE* blsh'-tip-like. ) a. Belonjnn? to a ! BFSHOPLY* bish'-fip-l£ S h\sho V * Fulke. jBFSHOPRICK, blsh'-fip-rlk. n.s. [bi r coppice, ; Sax.] The diocess of a bishop. Bacon. ■ BFSHOPSWEED, blsb'-ups-weed. n. s. A plant. j BFSHOPSWORT*, blsh'-ups-wurt. n. s. A plant. IBISK, bisk. n.s. [bisque, Fr.] Soup: broth. King. JBFSKET. See Biscuit. I BFS3!UTH,b?z / -mui/i.:ra..s. Marcasite; a hard, white, I brittle, mineral substance, found at Misnia. Qunwy. j BISON*, bl'-sn. n. s. [bison, Fr.] A kind of vild ox Cotgrave. BISSEXTILE, bls-seks'-til. 140. n. s. [bis and sex tilis, Lat.] Leap year. Brown. {£p Mr. Scott places the accent on the first syllable of this word ; Dr. Kenrick on the first and last ; Mr. Sheri- dan, Dr. Johnson, W. Johnston, Dr. Ash, Buchanan, Perry, Entick, and Bailey, on the second ; Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and W. Johnston, pronounce the last i long, as in tile. But as the accent is on the second syllable bv so great a majority, analogy determines the last i to be short. W. BFSSON, bls'-sfin. 166. a. [biren, Sax.] Blind. Shakspeare. BISTRE, bis'-lur. n.s. [Fr.] A colour made of chimney soot boiled, and then diluted with water ; used by painters in washing their designs. BFSTORT, bls / -t6rt. n. s. [bistorta, Lat.] A plant ; snake-weed. BFSTOURY, blsMur-e. 314. n. s. [bistouri, Fr.] A • surgeon's instrument for making incisions. Chamb. BISU'LCOUS, bl-sul'-kus. a. [bisulcus, Lat.] Clo- venfooted. Brown. BITS, bit. n.s. [bifcol, Sax.] The iron appurtenances of a bridle. Earner's Diet. The BITS*. Two main pieces of timber, to which the cable is fastened when the ship rides at anchor BITS, bit. n. s. As much meat as is put into the mouth at once. Shak. A small piece of any thing. Dry- den. A Spanish West Indian silver coin, valued at seven-pence halfpenny. To BIT, bit. v. a. To put the bridle upon a horse. BrrCH, bltsh. n. s. [bicca, bicce, Sax.] The female of the canine kind. Spenser. A name of reproach for a woman. Pope. To BITES, bite. v. a. pret. I bit, part. pass. I have bit, or bitten, [brcan, Sax.] To crush with the teeth. Shak. To give pain by cold. Shak. To hurt or pain with reproach. Roscommon. To cut ; to wound. Shak. To make the mouth smart. Chaucer. To cheat ; to trick. Pope. BITE, bite. n. s. The seizure of any thing by the teeth. Dry den. The act of a fish that takes the bait. Walton. A cheat; a trick. Swift. A sharper. BFTER, bl'-tur. 98. n. s. He that bites. Camden. A fish apt to take the bait. Walton. A tricker ; a deceiver. Spectator. BFTLNG*, bl'-Ung. h. s. The act of biting. Wisacn, xvi. Wounding *ith censure or reproach. Dome. j BFTINGLY*.bl'-lIng-le. ad. Jeeringly. Harrington BFTLESS*, W-lfa. a. Not having a bit or bridle Sir R. Fanshawe. BFTTACLE, blt'-ta-kl. 405. n. s. A frame of timber in the steerage of a ship, where the compass is placed. Diet. BFTTEN, blt'-tn. part. pass, from To bite. BFTTERS, blt'-tur. 98. a. [bicep, Sax.] Having a 139 £LA BLA 03= 559.— Fine, far, fall, fat 1—mh, mk j— pine, pin hot acrid taste. Bacon. Sharp ; cruel. Shak. Calamitous. Amos, viii. Painful ; inclement. Dn/den. Sharp j reproachful. Steak. Mournful ; afflicted. Job, iii. In any manner unpleasing or hurtful. Watts. BITTER*, bit'-tur. n. s. Any thing bitter. Locke. In medicine, a bitter plant, bark, or root. BFTTERFUL*, blt'-tfir-ffll. a. Full of bitterness. Chancer. Ob. T. BFTTERGOURD, blt'-tflr-gArd. n.s. The name of a plant. BFTTERLY, bit'-tur-le. ad. With a bitter taste. fn a bitter manner. Zeph. i. Sharply ; severely. Sprat. BFTTERN, bit'-turn. 98. n.s. [butor, Fr.] A bird with long legs, and a long bill, which feeds upon fish. Walton. BFTTERN, bit'-turn. n. s. A very bitter liquor, used in the preparation of Epsom salt. Qnincy. BFTTERNESS, bft'-tfir-nes. n. s. A bitter taste. Locke. Malice. Clarendon. Sharpness. Sliak. Satire. Bacon. Sorrow. Shakspeare. BFTTERSWEET, bit'-tf.r-sweet. n.s. An apple which has a compound taste of sweet and bitter. South. BFTTERVETCH, blt'-tur-v&sh. n. s. A plant. BFTTERWORT, bit'-tur-wurt. n. s. An herb. BFTTOUR, bltMur. n. s. The bittern. Dryden. BITU'ME. be-turne'. n.s. Bitumen. May. BITU'MED*, be-uWd'. a. Smeared with pitch. BITU'MEN§, be-uV-men. 118, 503. n.s. [Lat.] A fat unctuous matter dug out of the earth, or scummed off lakes. Bacon,. 55= This word, from the propensity of our language to the antepenultimate accent, is often pronounced with the stress on the first syllable, as if written bW-u-men ; and this last mode of sounding the word may be considered as the most common, though not the most learned pro- nunciation. For Dr. Ash is the only orthoepist who places the accent on the first syllable ; but every one who gives the sound of the unaccented vowels, except Buchanan, very improperly makes the i long, as in idle ; but if this sound be long, it ought to be slender, as in the second syllable of visible, terrible, &c. 117, 551. W. BITUMINOUS, be-uV-me-nus. 118. a. Having the nature of bitumen. Bacon. BD/A'LVE, bl'-valv. 118. a. [binus and valvaz, Lat.] Having two valves or shutters. Woodward. BP7ALVULAR, bl-val'-vu-lar. a. Having two valves. Diet. BFVIOUS*, bi'-ve-us. a. [bivius. Lat.] That leadeth different ways. Brown. To BFVOUAC*. v. n. [Germ.] To continue under arms all night. See Biovac. BFXWOF'VtfKs'-wurt.ra.s. An herb. Diet. BFZANTINE, bfz'-an-tlne. 149. n. s. [from Byzan- tium^ A great piece of gold, valued at fifteen pounds, which the king ofterelh upon high festival days. Camden. $5= Perry is the only orthoepist who pronounces the last i in this word short : and Dr. Johnson remarks, that the first syllable ought to be spelled with y, as the word arises from the custom established among the emperors of Constantinople, anciently called Byzantium. W. To BLAB §, blab. v.a. [blabberei^Teuf] To tell what ought to be kept secret. Shak. To tell ; in a good sense. Sfiakspeare. To BLAB, blab. v.n. To tattle ; to tell tales. Sliak. BLAB, blab. n. s. A telltale. Bacon. BLA'BBER, blab'-bfir. n. s. A telltale. Shenvooa. Tb BLA'BBER, blab'-bfir. v.n. To whistle to a horse. To falter ; to fib. BLA'BBERLIPPED. See Blobberlipped. BLACK §, blak. a. [Mac, Sax.] Ofthe colour of night. Proverbs, vii. Dark. 1 Kings, xviii. Cloudy of countenance. Shak. Horrible; wicked. Dryden. Obscure. Archdeacon Arriway. Dismal. Sliak. BLACK-BROWED, blak'-br&ud. a. Flaving black eyebrows. Sliakspeare. BLACK-BRYONY, blak-brl'-o-ne. n. s. The name of a plant. BLACK-CATTLE, blak'-kat-ti. n. s. Oxen, bulls, and cows. Swift. BLACK -EARTH, blak-ert/i', n. s. Mould. Wood- ward. BLACK-EYED* blak'-lde. a. Having black eyes. Dryden. BLACK-FACED*, blak'-iaste. a. Having a dark or black face. Sliakspeare. BLACK-GUARD, blag'-gard. 332. n. s. A dirty fel- low ; probably first applied to those mean depend- ants, in great houses, who carried coals to kitchens, halls, &c. Stanihurst. BLACK-JACK* blak'-jak. n.s. The leathern cup of elder times. Milton. BLACK-LEAD, blak-led'. n.s. A mineral in the lead mines, used for pencils. Peacham. BLACK -MAIL, blak'-male. n.s. A certain rate paid to men allied with robbers for protection. Cowel. BLACK-MOUTHED*, blak / -m6uTH'd. a. Using foul language ; scurrilous. Killingbeck. BLACK-MONDAY*, blak-nnV-de. n.s. Easter- Monday, which in the 34th of Edw. III. happened to be full dark of mist and hail, and so cold, that many men died on their horses 7 backs with the cold. Stowe. BLACK-PEOPLED*, blak-pe'-pld. a. Having peo- ple of a black colour. Sandys. BLACK-PUDDING, blak-pud ; -d?ng. n. s. A kind of food made of blood and grain. Hudibras. BLACK-ROD, blak-rod'. n. s. The usher belonging to the order of the garter ; so called from the black rod he carries in his hand. He is of the king's chamber, and likewise usher of the parliament. Cowel. BLACK-VISAGED* blak-vlz'-Idj'd. a. Having a black appearance. Marston. BLACK, blak. n. s. A black colour. Sliak. Mourn- ing. Hales. A blackamoor. That part of the eye which is black. Digby. A stain. Rowley. To BLACK, blak. v. a. To blacken. Boyle. BLACKAMOOR, bllk'-a-mire. n.s. A man by na ture of a black complexion. Locke. BLACKBERRIED Heath, blak'-ber-rld-heetfi. A plant. BLACKBERRY, blak'-ber-re. n.s. [blacbejiian, Sax.] The fruit of the bramble. Shakspeare. BLACKBIRD, blak'-burd. n. s. The name of a bird. Carew. BLACKCOCK*, blak'-k&k. n.s. The heath-cock. Boswell. To BLACKEN, blak'-kn. 103. v.a. To make black Prior. To darken. South. To defame. South. To BLACKEN, blak'-kn. v.n. To grow black. Dryden. BLACKENER*, blak'-kn-fir. n. s. He who black ens any thing. Sherwood. BLACKISH, blak'-?sh. a. Somewhat dack. Boyle. BLACKLY*, blak'-le. ad. Darkly, in colour. Sack- ville. Atrociously. Feliham. BLACKMOOR, blak'-more. n. s. A negro. Brown. BLACKNESS, blik'-nes. n.s. A black colour. Locke. Darkness. Shakspeare. Alrociousness. BLACKSMITH, blak'-smfr/i. n.s. A smith that works in iron ; so called from being very smutty Howell. BLACKTAIL, blak'-tale. n.s. A kind of perch i~uffs, or popes. BLACKTHORN, blak'-^orn. n.s. The sloe. Hab ington. BLA'DDER^blad'-dfir. 98. n.s. [blabbpe, Sax.] That vessel in the body which contains the urine Ray. A blister ; a pustule. BLAT>DER-NUT, blad'-dur-n&t. n. s. A plant. BLA'DDER-SENNA, blad'-d&r-sen'-a. n. s. A plant. BLA'DDERED*, blad'-dfird. a. Swoln like a blad- der. Dryden. BLADE§, blade, n. s. [blseb, bleb, Sax.] The spire of grass before it grows to seed. Bacon. BLADE, blade, n.s. The sharp part of a weapon^ distinct from the handle. Spenser. A brisk man either fierce or gay, called so in contempt. Fid ler. 140 BLA BLE — n6, move, nSr, n6t , — tube, tub, bull.; — 6ll ; — p6und ; — ih'm, THis. } a. s. The scapula, ) or scapular bone. BLADE of the Shoulder. BLADEBONE, blade'-b6ne Pope. To BLADE, blade, v. a. To furnish with a blade. BLA'DED, bla/-ded. a. Having blades or spires. Shakspeaire. BLA'DESMITH*, blide'-sm&ft. n. s. A sword cut- ler. Huloet. BLAIN, blane. n. s. [ble^ene, Sax.] A pustule ; a botch. Exodus, ix. BLAMABLE, bla'-ma-bl. 405. a. Culpable. Dryd. BLAMABLENESS, bla'-ma-bl-nes. n. s. Culpable- I1GSS rrllltloclc BL AM ABLY, bla'-ma-ble. ad. Culpably. Ay life. To BLAME §, blame, v. a. [blamer, Fr.] To censure. Shakspeare. To blemish. Spenser. BLAME, blame, n. s. Imputation of a fault. Hay- ward. Crime. Hooker. Hurt. Spenser. To blame means tioithovt. excuse. Sliakspeare. BLA'MEFUL, blame'-ful. a. Criminal. Sliakspeare. BLA'MELESS, blame'-les. a. Guiltless; innocent. Wisdom, x. BLAMELESSLY, blame'-les-le. ad. Innocently. Hammond. BLAMELESSNESS, blame'-les-nes. n.s. Inno- cence. Hammond. BLA'MER, bla'-mur. 98. n. s. A censurer. Donne. BLAMEWORTHINESS*, blame'-wur-THe-nes. n. s. What is deserving blame. A. Smith. BLAMEWORTHY, blame'-wur-THe. a. Culpable. Martin. To BLANCH §, blansh. v. a [blanchir, Fr.] To whiten. Shak. To strip or peel off. Wiseman. To slur; to balk. Bacon. To BLANCH, blansh. v.n. To evade; to shift. Ba- con. BLANCHER, blan'-shfir. 98. n. s. A whitener. BLAND §, bland, a. [blandus, Lat.] Soft ; mild. Mil- ton. BLANDA'TION*, blan-da'-sh&n. n. s. A piece of flattery. Camden. BLANDFLOQUENCE*, blan-dil'-o-kwense. n.s. Fair and flattering speech. Gloss. Anglicana Nova-. To BLANDISH, blan'-dish. v. a. [blandir, Fr.] To smooth ; to soften. Chaucer. BLANDISHER*, blan'-dlsh-ur. n.s. Onewhoblan- lishes. Cotgrave. BLANDISHING* blan'-dlsh-fng. n.s. Blandish- ment. Beaumont. BLANDISHMENT, blan'-dfsh-ment. n.s. Act of fondness. Spenser. Soft words. Bacon. Kind treatment. Dry den. BLANK§, blank, a. [Wane, Fr.] White. Milton. Without writing. Shak. Pale ; confused. Milton. Without rhyme. Sliakspeare. BLANK, blank, n. s. A void space on paper. Swift. A lot, by which nothing is gained. Shak. A paper from which the writing is effaced. Dryden. A pa- per unwritten. Sliak. The point to which an ar- row is directed. Sliak.^ Aim ; shot. Shak. Ob- ject to which any thing is directed. Shakspeare. To BLANK, blank, v. a. To damp ; to confuse. Shakspeare. To efface ; to annul. Spenser. BLANKET, blank'-lt. 99. n. s, [blanchette, Fr.] A woollen cover, spread commonly upon a bed. Shakspeare. A kind of pear. To BLANKET, blank'-lt. v. a. To cover with a blanket. Shak. To toss in a blanket. B. Jonson. BLA'NKETING*, blank'-lt-fng. n. s. Tossing in a blanket. Pope. BLANKLY, blank'-le. ad. In a blank manner. To BLARE, blare, v. n. [blaren, Dut.] To bellow ; to roar. Skinner. To BL ASPHE'ME §, bias-feme', v. a. [blasphemo, low Lat.] To speak in terms of impious irreverence of God. 1 Kings, xxi. To speak evil of. Shakspeare. To BLASPHE'ME, bias-feme', v. n. To speak blas- phemy. Shakspeare. BLASPHE'MER, blas-fe'-mur. n.s. A wretch that speaks of God in impious *erms. 1 Timothv, i. BLASPHE'MING* blas-ieme'-'fag n. s. The act of blasphemy. Sir E. Sandys. BLASPHEMOUS, blas'-fe-m&s. a. Impiously irrev erent with regard to God. Sidney. §£jr We sometimes hear this word pronounced with the accent on the second syllable, like blaspheme ; and as the word blasphemus in Latin has the second syllable long, and the English word has the same number of syl- lables, it has as good a right to the accent on the second syllable, as sonorous, bitumen, acumen, Sec. ; but plac- ing the accent, on the first syllable of blasphemous is by much the most polite ; as, unfortunately for the other pronunciation, though a learned one, it has been adopt- ed by the vulgar. 503. W. BLASPHEMOUSLY, blas'-fe-mus-le. ad. With wicked irreverence. Swift. BLA'SPHEMY, blas'-fe-me. n. s. An offering of some indignity, or injury, unto God himself, eithei by words or writing. Ayliffe. BLAST §, blast, n. s. [bisect;, Sax -1 A S 11 ^ or P uff of wind. Sluxk. The sound made bv blowing any instrument of wind musick. Shak. The stroke of a malignant planet. Job, iv. To BLAST, blast, v. a. To strike with some sudden plague. Shak. To make to wither. Shak. To in- jure ; to make infamous. Slillingjleet. To cut off, Arbuthnot. To confound. Shakespeare. BLA'STER*, blast'-ur. n. s. One who strikes as with a blast. Beaumont and Fletcher. BL ASTMENT, blast'-ment. n. s. Blast. Shakspeare, Ob. J. BLATANT, bla'-tant. a. [blaitant, Fr ] Bellowing as a calf. Dryden. To BLATCH*. See To Blotch. BLATERATION, blat-tur-a'-shfin. n.s. [blateratw, LatJ Noise. Coles. BLATERO'ON* blat-tur-r53n'. n.s. A babbler, Howell. To BLATTER, blat'-tur. v.n. [blateren, Teut.] To make a senseless noise. Spenser. BLAY, bla. n.s. A small river fish ; a bleak. BLAZE §, blaze, n. s. [blare, Sax.] A flame. Shak Publication. Milton. Blaze is a white mark upoa a horse, descending from the forehead almost to the nose. Farrier's Diet. To BLAZE, blaze, v. n. To flame. Bacon. To be conspicuous. To BLAZE, blaze, v. a. To publish. Sidney. To blazon. Spenser. To set a while mark on trees, by paring off a part of the bark, in order to their being sold or felled. BLA'ZER, bla'-zur. 98. n. s. One that spreads re- ports. Spenser. TV) BLAZON, bkV-zn.170. v. a. [blasonne?;Fr.'\ T* explain, in proper terms, the figures on ensigns ar ■ morial. Addison. To deck. Garth. To display Shak. To celebrate. Shak. To blaze about Titus Andronicus. BLA'ZON, bla'-zn. n. s. The art of drawing coats of arms. Peacham. Show ; divulgation. Shak. Cel- ebration. Sliakspeare. BL AZONER* bla'-zn-fir. n. s. A herald ; also an evil speaker. Cotgrave. BLA'ZONRY, bla°-zn-re. n. s. The art of blazoning Peacham. BLEA* ble. n. s. That part of a tree which lies lm mediately under the bark. Chambers. To BLEACH §, bleetsh. v. a. [bleichen, Germ.] To whiten. Shakspeare. To BLEACH, bleetsh. v.n. To grow white. Shak. BLEACHER*, bleetsh'-ur. n.s. A bleacher of clothes. BLE'ACHERY* bleetsh'-e-re. n.s. The place where the bleacher exercises his trade. Pennant. BLEAK §, bleke. a. [blsec, Sax.] Pale. Gower. Cold j chill. Sliakspeare. BLEAK, bleke. n.s. A small river fish. Walton. BLE'AKNESS, bleke'-nes. n.s. Coldness; chilness Addison. Paleness. Sherwocd. BLEAKLY* bleke'-le. ad. Coldly. May. BLE'AKY, ble'-ke. a. Bleak ; cold. Dryden. BLEAR§, bleer. a. [blaer, Dutch.] Dim w ; th rheum or water. Bacon. Dim. Milton. BLEAR-EYED*, bleer'-lde. a. Having sore eyes. 141 BLI BLO f 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat;— me, m^t ;— pine, pin ;— Sackville. Having- an obscure understanding'. But- ler. To BLEAR, bleer. u. a. To make the e}-es watery. Shakspewe. To dim the eyes. Raleigh. BLE'AREDNESS, blee'-red-nes. 3G5. n.s. The state of being bleared. Wiseman. To BLEAT §, blete. v. n. [blsecan, Sax.] To cry as a sheep. Shakspeare. BLEAT, blete. n. s. The cry of a sheep or lamb. Chapman. BLE'ATING* blete'-mg. n. s. The cry of lambs or sheep. Bale. BLEB, bleb. n. s. A blister. Sprat. BLEE*, ble. n. s. [bleo, Sax.] Colour ; complexion. Chancer. Oh. T. To BLEED, bleed, v. n. pret. I bled; I have bled.. [bleban, Sax.] To lose' blood. Shak. To die a violent death. Pope. To lose blood medicinally. To drop, as blood. Pope. To BLEED, bleed, v. a. To let blood. Pope. BLATE («- Bashful - 7\/BLE'MlSH$, bleW-?sh. v. a. [blesmer, Fr.] To mark with any deformity. Sidney. To defame. Dry den. BLE'MISH, blem'-fsh. n. s. A mark of deformity. Leviticus, xx\v. Reproach. Hooker. A soil; taint. Sidney. BLE MISHLESS*, blSm'-fsh-lSs. a. Without blem- ish or spot. Feltham. BLE'MISHMENT*, blem'-ish-ment. n. s. Disgrace. Bp. Morton. To BLENCH §, hlensh. 352. v.n. To shrink. Shak. To BLENCH, blensh. v. a. To hinder. Carew. BLENCH*, blensh. n. s. [blencke, Teut.] A start. Shakspeare. BLEACHER*, blensh'-ur. n. s. That which may frighten. Sir T. Ehjot. To BLEND §, blend, v. a. preter. I blended; ancient- ly, blent, [blenban, Sax.] To mingle together. Shalcspeare. To confound. Hooker. To pollute. Sjienser. To blind. Spenser. BLE'NDER, bleiv'-dur. n. s. The person that min- gles. Sherwood. BLENT, blent. ^ The obsolete participle of blend. To BLESS §, bles. v. a. preterit and participle, blessed or blest. [blerrian, Sax.] To make happy. Sliak. To wish happiness to. Deut. xxxii]. To consecrate by a prayer. St. Matt. xiv. To praise ; to celebrate. Hooker. BLE'SSED, bleV-sed. 361. part. a. Happy. St. Luke, xxiii ; Holy and happy. St. Luke, i. " Happy in the joys of heaven. Revelation, xiv. Having re- ceived the benediction of another. Pope. BLE'SSED Thistle. The name of a plant. BLE'SSEDLY, bleY-sed-le. ad. Happily. Sidney. BLE'SSEDNESS, blSs'-sSd-n&s. nfs. Happiness ) felicity. Sidney. Sanctity. Shak. Heavenly feli- city. "South. Divine favour. Rom. iv. BLE'SSER, bleV-sur. 98. h. s. He that blesses. Bp. Taylor. BLE'SSING, bles'-s?ng. 410. n.s. Benediction. 1 Pet. iii. A declaration by which happiness is premised in a prophetick and authoritative man- ner. Bacon. Any of the means of happiness. Isa. xix. Divine favour. Slutkspeare. BLEST, blest. 361. preterit and part, [from bless.] Pope. BLEW, bin. The preterit from blow. LCnolles. BLEYME. n. s. An inflammation in the foot of a horse. Farrier's Diet. BLIGHT, bike. 393. n.s. [blserfc, Sax.] Mildew. Temple. Any thing nipping, or blasting. U Estrange. To BLIGHT, bike. v. a. To corrupt with mildew. Woodward. In general, to blast. Locke. To BL1N*, blln. v. a. [blmnan, Sax.] To cease, or stop. Spenser. Ob. T. BLIND §, blind, a. [blinb, Sax.] Deprived of sight. Digby. Intellectually dark. Dryden. Unseen; pri- vate. Hooker. Not easily discernible. Bacon. To BLIND, blind, v. a. To make blind. Shakspeare. To darkeu Dry den To darken the understand- ing. Milton. To obscure to the understanding Stilling Jleet. To eclipse. P. Fletcher. BLIND, blind, n. s. Something to hinder the sight L' Estrange. Something to mislead the eve, or the understanding. Decay of Piety. A faicung place. Dryden. To BLFNDFOLD, bllndM&ld. v. a. To hinder from seeing. Luke. BLI NDFOLD, bllnd / -&'jd. a. Having the eyes cc^ ered. Spenser. BLINDLY, bllndMe. ad. Without sight. Browne. Implicitly. Dryden. Without judgement. Dryden. BLFNDMAN'S BUFF, bllnd-mauz-buf. n. s. Play in which some one is to have his eyes covered, and hunt out the rest of the company. Beaumont and Fletcher. BLFNDNE&S, bllnd'-nes. n. s. Want of sight. Zech- ariah, xii. Ignorance. Spenser. BLFNDNETTLE, bllnd'-net-tl. n. s. A plant. BLFNDS1DE, blkid-side'. n. s. Weakness ; weak part. Swift. BLI'NDWORM, bllnd'-wurm. n. s. A small viper, called a slow worm; not venomous. Shakspeare. To BLINK §, blink, v. n. [blincken. Danish.] To wink. Hudihras. To see obscurely. Shakspeare. BLINK*, blink, n.s. A glimpse; a glance. Bp. Hall. BLI'NKARD, blink 7 -urd. 98. n. s. One that has bad eyes. Barret. Something twinkling. Hakeicill. BLISS §, blls. n. s. [bliyre, Sax.] The highest degree of happiness. Hooker. Felicity in general. Pope. BLFSSFUL, bliV-ful. a. Happy in the highest de- gree. Spenser. BLISSFULLY, blfs'-ful-le. ad. Happily. Sherwood. ■ BLFSSFULNESS, bhV-ful-nes. n. s. Happiness. Barrow. j BLFSSLESS*, blls'-Ife. a. Without bliss. Haiokins. To BLFSSOM, blls'-sum. v. n. To caterwaul ; to be lustful. To BLI'SSOM, bttV-suin. v. a. To tup. BLIST*. Formerly used for blessed, or blest. BLIST*, pret. Wounded Spenser. Ob. T. BLISTERS, bhV-tur. 98. n.s. [bhiyster, Dutch.] A pustule formed by raising the cuticle. Shakspeare. Any swelling made by the separation of a film or skin from the other parts. Bacon. To BLFSTER, bhV-tur. v. n. To rise in blisters Shakspeare. To BLISTER, bhV-tur. v. a. To raise blisters by some hurt. Shakspeare. To raise blisters with a medt":al intention. Wiseman. ELITE*, bike. n. s. A genus of plants. Ash. BLITHER blbHe. 467. a. [bliSe, Sax.] Gay; airy Hooker. BLFTHEFUL* bllTH'-ful. a. Gay. Minsheu. BLFTHELY, bllTH'-le. ad. In a blithe manner Robert of Gloucester. BLFTHENESS. bnW-nSs. )n. s. The BLFTHESOMENESS^llTH'-sum-nes. $ quality of being blithe. BLFTHESOxME, bllTH'-sum. a. Gay; cheerful. Philips. To BLOAT, bl6te. v. a. To swell, or make turgid. Dryden. To BLOAT, bl6te. v. n. To grow turgid. Arbuthnot. BLOAT, biote. a. Swelled with intemperance. Shak BLO'ATEDNESS, bkV-ted-nes. n.s. Turgidness Arbidhnot. BLO'BBER, blob'-bur. 98. n. s. A bubble. Carew. BLO'BBERLIP, blob'-bur-llp. n. s. A thick lip. Dryden. BLO'BBERLIPPED, blob'-bur-llpt. ) a. Having BLO'BLIPPED, blob'-tfpt. 5 swelled or thick lips. Grew. BLOCKS, blok. n. s. [block, Dutch.] A heavy piece of timber. Abp. Cranmer. A mass of matter. Ad- dison. A massy body. Swift. A rude piece of matter. Stilling feel. The piece of wood on which hats are formed. Shak. The wood on which crim- inals are beheaded. Shak. An obstruction. Decay of Piety. A sea term for a pulley. A blockhead. Donne j To BLOCK, blok. v. a. [bloquer, Fr.] To shut up ! Clarendon. 112 BLO BLO -n6, m3ve, n5r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pound ; — i/nn, TKis. BLOCK-HOUSE, blok'-kouse. n. s. A fortress to defend a harbour. Carew. BLOCK-TIN, bldk-tin'. n. s. Pure or unmixed tin. JBoijle. BLOCK A'DE, bl6k-kade / . 7?. s. A siege carried on by shutting- up the place. Taller. To BLOCKA'DE, bldk-ko.de'. v. a. To shut up by obstruction. Pope. BLO'CKHEAD, blok'-hed. n. s. A stupid fellow. Shakspeare. BLO'CKHEADED, blok-hed'-ed. a. Stupid; dull. L 1 Estrange. BLO'CKHEADLY* blok'-hed-le. a. Like a block- head. Dryden. BLO'CKISH, bldk'-?sh. a Stupid; dull. Slutkspeare. BLO'CKISHLY, blok'-Jsh-le. ad. In a stupid man- ner. Harmar. BLO'CKISHNESS, blok'-Ish-nes. n. s. Stupidity ; dulness. Hakewill. BLO'CKLDXE*, blok'-llke. a. Stupid. Beaumont and Fletcher. BLO'MARY, blom'-a-re. n. s. The first forge in the iron mills. Diet. BLO'NKET, bl6n'-ket. a. Gray. Spenser. BLOOD §, blud. 308. n. s. [blob, Sax.] The red liquor that circulates in the bodies of animals. Genesis, ix. Child ; progeny. Shakspeare. Family ; kindred. Shak. Descent ; lineage. Dryden. Blood royal ; royal lineage. Slutkspeare. Birth ; high extraction. Sliak. Murder ; violent death. Shak. Life. 2 Sam. lv*. The carnal part of man. Mattliew, xvi. Tem- per of mind. Hudibras. Hot spark ; man of fire. Bacon. The juice of any thing. Genesis, xlix. To BLOOD, blud. v. a. To stain with blood. Dryden. To inure to blood, as a hound. Spenser. To let blood medicallv. To heat ; to exasperate. Bacon. BLOOD-BESPOTTED*, blud'-be-spot'-ted. a. Spotted with blood. Shakspeare. BLOOD-BOLTERED, blud'-bol-t&rd. a. Having the hair of the head clotted with blood. Slutkspeare. BLOOD-CONSUMING*, blud'-kon-sume'-nig. part. a. Consuming - or wasting the blood. Shalcspeare. BLOOD-FROZEN*, blfid'-fr6-zn. part. a. Having the blood frozen. Spenser. BLOOD-HOT, blud'-hdt. a. Hot in the same degree with blood. Locke. To BLOOD-LET, blud'-let. v.n. [bloblfetan, Sax.] To bleed. Arbuthnot. BLOOD-LETTER, bl&d'-let-tur. n. s. [bloblaetejie, Sax.] A phlebotomist. Wiseman. BLOOD-RED*, blfid'-red. a. Red as blood. Mirror for Magistrates. BLOOD-SHAKEN*, blud'-sha-kn. part. a. Having the blood put in commotion. B. Jonson. BLOOD-STAINED*, blud'-stan'd. a. Smeared or stained with blood. Slutkspeare. BLOOD-SIZED*, blud'-slz'd. a. Smeared or sized with blood. Beaumont and Fletcher. BLOOD-STONE, blild'-sl6ne. n.s. [luemaliles.'] The name of a stone. Woodward on Fossils. BLOOD-SWOLN*, blud'-sw6ln. a. Suffused with blood. Maif. BLOOD-THIRSTY, blud'-tfmrs-te. a. Desirous to shed blood. Spenser. BLOOD-VESSEL, blfid'-ves-su. n. s. A vessel which convevs the blood. Addison. BLO'ODFLOWER, blud'-flour. n. s. A plant. BLOODGUFLTINESS, blfid'-gllt-e-nes. n. s. Mur- der. Spenser. BLOODHOUND, bl&d'-hound. n. s. A hound that follows by the scent, and seizes with great fierce- ness. Dryden. BLO'ODILY, blud'-e-le. ad. Cruelly. Shakspeare. BLO'ODINESS, biud'-e-nes. n.s. The state of being bloody. Sharp. The disposition to shed blood. LeNeve. BLO'ODLESS, blud'-les. a. Without blood ; dead. Shakspeare. Without slaughter. Waller. Without spirit or activity. Shakspeare. BLOODSHED, blud'-shed. n. s. The crime of mur der. Spenser. Slaughter. Sjsenser. BLO'ODSHEDDER', blud'-shed-dQr. n. s. Mur derer. Ecclus. BLO'ODSHEDDLNG*, blud'-shed-dmg n.s. Shed ding of blood. Homilies, ii. BLOODSHOT, blud'-shot. ) 103. a. Filled BLOODSHO'TTEN, blud'-shot-tn. ) with blood bursting from its proper vessels. Garth. BLOODSUCKER, bl&d'-suk-ur. n.s. A leech; any- thing that sucks blood. A cruel man. Shukspeare BLO ODSUCKING*, bltid'-suk-lng. part. a. Suck ing blood. Shakspeare. BLOOD WARM*, blud' -warm. a. Lukewarm. Coles BLOOD WITE, blud'-wlte. n.s. [blobpite, Sax] A fine anciently paid as a compensation for blooiT. BLOOD WORT, blud'-wurt. ?i.s. A plant. BLOODY, blud'-e. a. Stained with biood. Cruel. Sidney. To BLO'ODY*, blud'-e. v. a. [bloeden, Teul.] To make blcodv. Beaumont and Fletcher. BLOOD Y-E YED*. blud'-e-lde. a. Having bloody or cruel eves. Lord Brooke. BLOODY-FACED* blud'-e-faste. part . a. Having a bloody appearance. Shakspeare. BLOODY-FLUX, bl&d'-e-fluks. n. s. The dysen- tery, in which the excrements are mixed with blood. Arbulhnot. BLOODY-FLUXED*, blud'-e-fiakst. a. Afflicted with the bloody-fiux. Bp. Hall BLOODY-HUNTING*, blud e-hun-tmg. part. a. Hunting for blood. Slutkspeare. BLO'ODY-MLNDED, bl&d'-e-mlnd-ed. a. Cruel. Dryden. BLOOD Y-RED*, bl&d'-e-red. a. Having the colour of blood. Philosophical Transactions. BLOODY-SCEPTERED*, blud'-e-sep-tfir'd. part. a. Having a sceptre obtained by blood. Shakspeare. BL003I§, bl66m. n.s. [bloma, Goth.] A blossom. Milton. The state of immaturity. Dnjden. The blue colour upon piums and grapes newly gathered. A piece of iron wrought into a mass, two feet square To BLOOM, bloom, v. a. To produce the blossom. Numbers. To produce, as blossoms. Spenser. To BLOOM, bloom, v. n. To bring blossoms. Bacon To be in a state of vouth. Pope. BLOOMINGLY, blOOm'-ing-le. ad. In a blooming manner. BLOOMY, bl66m'-me. a. Full of blooms. Milton. BLORE, bl6re. n. s. Act of blowing; blast. Chapman BLOSSOMS, blos'-sum. 166. n.s. [blorme, Sax.] The flower that grows on a plant, previous to die seed or fruit. Shakspeare. To BLO SSOM, bios'-s&m. v. n. To put forth blos- soms. Shakspeare. BLO'SSOMY*, blos'-sum-e. a. Full of blossoms. Chaucer. To BLOT §, blot. v. a. [blotter, Fr.] To obliterate. Shakspeare. To efface ; to erase. Dryden. To make black spots on. Ascham. To disgrace. Sluik. To darken. Cowley. BLOT, blot. n.s. An" obliteration of writing. Dryden Extinction of light. Milton. A blur. A spot in reputation. ShaJcspeare. BLOTCH, blotsh. n. s. [from blot] A spot upon the skin. Harvey. To BLOTE, bl6te. v. a. To dry by the smoke ; as bloted herrings. Sherwood. BLO'TTFNG, blot'-tfng. n. s. The making spots or marks on paper. Bv. Taylor. BLOW §, bl6. 324. n. s![blowe, Dutch.] A stroke. Shak. The stroke of death. Dryden. A sudden calamity. Jeremiah. A single action. Dryden. The act of" a fly. by which she lodges eggs in flesh. Chapman. BLOW, bl6. n. s. [blopan, Sax.] Bloom. Tatlzr. To BLOW T §, bio. v. n. pret. blew; particip. pass, blown. [blapan, Sax.] To make a current of air. Ecclus Dryden. To pant. Shak. To breathe. L' 'Estrange. To sound with being blown. Milton. Tc sound Joshua. — To How over. To pass away without ef- fect. Bacon. To bloiv up. To fly into the air by the force of gun-powder. Tatler. To BLOW, bl6. v. a. To drive by the wind. Shak. To inflame with wind. Isaiah. To swell. Sli>ik To 143 BLU BOA [EF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— A tube used by various A child's play. Donne. form into shape by the breath. Boyle. To sound wind musick. Jere-miah. To warm with the breath. Slmk. To spread by report. Dryden.— To blow out. To extinguish by wind. Shak. To blow up. To raise, or swell wit i breath ; to inflate ; to burst with gunpowder. Sliak. To blow up. To kindle. Dry- acn. To blow up. To move by afflatus. Addison. To blow upon. To make stale. Addison. To BLOW§, bl6. v. n. To bloom. Milton. To BLOW, b!6. v. a. To cause to blossom. B. Jonson. BLOWER, blo'-ur. n. s. A melter of tin. Carew. That which draws up the fire in a stove or chim- nev. BLO" WING, bhV-mg. n. s. The act of blowing; as, the blowing of the wind. BLOWN, blone. The participle passive of blow. Sid- ney. BLO'WBALL*, bl6'-bawl. n. s. The herb dandelion in seed. B. Jonson. BLO^ WPIPE*, bhV-plpe. n. s, artificers. BLO'WPOINT, blo'-pSmt. «,. BLOWTH, b\6th. n.s. Bloom. Raleigh BLOWZE, blouze. 323. n. s. A ruddy, fat-faced wench. Bp. Hall. BLO'WZY, bldu'-ze. a. Sun-burnt ; high coloured. To BLUB*, blub. v. a. [See Bleb.] To swell. Mir- ror for Magistrates. BLU'BBERl, blftb'-bfir. n.s. The fat of whales. BLU'BBER*, blub'-bur. n.s. The sea-nettle. To BLU'BBER, blfib'-bfir. v. n. To weep in such a manner as to swell the cheeks. Shakspeare. To BLU'BBER, blQb'-bur. v. a. To swell the cheeks with weeping. Sidney. BLU'BBERED, blub'-bQr'd. particip. a. Swelled. Dryden. BLU'DGEON, blud'-jfin. 259. n. s. A short stick, with one end loaded., used as an offensive weapon. BLUE $, blu. 335. a. [blaep, Sax.l One of hie seven original colours. Shakspeare. BLUEBOTTLE, blu'-bdt-tl. v.. . A flower of the bell shape. Ray. A fly wiui a large blue belly. Prior. BLUE-EYED, bli'-ide. a. Ha\ mg blue eyes. Cra- sliaw. BLUE-HAIRED, bhV-har'd. a [laving blue hair. Milton. BLU'ELY, Wu'-Ie. ad. With a blue colour. More. BLU'ENESS, blu'-nes. n. s. The quality of being blue. Boyle. The livid appearance of a wound. Proverbs. BLUE-VEINED*, blu'-van'd. a. Having blue streaks or veins. Shakspeare. BLUFF, bluf. a. Big. Dryden. Obtuse. Atkins. BLU'FFNESS*, blfif-nes. n.s. Surliness; bloated- ness. The World. BLUTSH, blu'-feh. a. Blue in a small degree. Shak. BLU'ISHNESS, blu'-Ish-nes. n. s. A small degree of blue colour. Boyle. To BLU'NDER §, blun'-d&r. 98. v. n. [blnnderen, Dutch.] To mistake grossly. South. To flounder. Pope. To BLU'NDER, blun'-dur. v. a. To mix foolishly. Stilling -fleet. To make to blunder. Ditton. BLU'NDER, blun'-dur. n. s. A gross mistake. Ad- dison. BLU'NDERBUSS, blun'-dfir-bus. n. s. A gun that is discharged with many bullets. Dryden. BLUNDERER, blun'-dur-fir. n. s. A man that com- mits blunders. Watts. BLU'NDERHEAD, blfin'-dur-hed. n. s. A stupid fellow. V Estrange. BLUNDERINGLY*, blfin'-dfir-ing-le. ad. In a blun- dering" manner. Lewis. BLUNT §, blunt, a. Dull on the edge. Sidney. Dull in understanding. Sliakspeare. Rough ; not civil. Bacon. Abrupt. Bacon. To BLUNT, blunt, v. a. To dull the edge or point. Dryden. To repress. SJiakspeare. fcLU'NTING* blunt'-Ine. n.s. Restraint. Bp. Taylor. BLU NTLY,blunt'-le. ad. In a blunt manner; coarse- ly. Shakspeare BLU'NTNESS, blfint'-nes. n. s. Want of edge Suckling. Coarseness Sidney. BLUNT WITTED, blunt'-wlt-t'ed. a. Dull; stupid Shakspeare. BLUR$, blur. n.s. [borra, Span.] A blot 3 a stam. South. To BLUR, blur. v. a. To blot. Shakspeare. To stain. Hudibras. To BLURT, blurt, v. a. To speak inadvertently. Shak-. To BLUSH §, blush, v. n. [blosen, Dutch.] To betray shame or confusion, by a red colour on the cheek or forehead. Shak. To carry a red colour. Sliak. To BLUSH, blush, v. a. To make led. Shakspeare BLUSH, blush. 7i.s. The colour in the cheeks raised by shame or confusion. Pope. A red or purple colour. Sudden appearance; as, first blush. Locke. Resemblance. BLU'SHET*, blush'-et. n. s. A young modest girl. B. Jonson. BLU'SHFUL* blfish'-ful. a. Full of blushes. Thorns. BLU'SHING*, blush'-lng. n. s. The appearance of colour. Bp. Taylor. BLU'SHLESS*, blush'-les. a. Without a blush ; im- fudent. Sandys. U'SHY, blush'-e. a. Having the colour of a blush. Bacon. To BLU'STER §, blus'-tur. v.n. [supposed from blast.] To roar as a storm. Spenser. To bully. Dm den. To BLUNTER*, blus'-tur. v. a. To blow down. Seasonable Sermon. BLU'STER, bl&s'-uir. n. s. Roar of storms. Sliak Noise. Swift. Turbulence. Shakspeare. Boast L' Estrange. BLU'STERER, blus'-tur-ur. n. s. A swaggere* Shakspeare. BLUSTERING*, blus'-tfir-lng. n. s. Tumult; noise South. BLUSTEROUS, bhV-ter-us. a. Tumultuous. Shak. B-MI. n. s. A note in musick. Shakspeare. BO, b6. inter j. A word of terrour. Temple. BO'AR §, b6re. 295. n. s. [bap, Sax.] The male swine. Shakspeare. BO'AR-SPEAR, bire'-spere. n. s. A spear used in hunting the boar. Spenser. BOARD §, b6rd. n. s. [bonb, Sax.] A piece of wood of more length and breadth than thickness. Ra- leigh, A table. Spenser. Entertainment. Dryden. A table at which a council or court is held. Clar- endon. An assembly seated at a table ; a court of jurisdiction. Bacon. The deck of a ship. Dryden. To BOARD, b6rd. v. a. To enter a ship by force. Slmkspeare. To attack ; to accost. Spenser. To lay with boards. Moxon. To BOARD, b6rd. v. n. To live in a house at a cer- tain rate for eating. Herbert. To BOARD, bord. v. a. To place as a boarder in another's house.- BO / ARDABLE*,b6rd / -a-bl.a. Approachable. Sher- wood. BOARD-WAGES, b6rd-wa'-jiz. 99. n.s. Wages allowed to servants to keep themselves in victuals. Dryden. BO'ARDER, b6r'-dur. n. s. One that eats with an- other at a settled rate. Sherwood. BOARDING-SCHOOL, bird'-lng-skool. n. s. A school where the scholars live with the teacher Swift. BO'ARISH,b6re'-ish. a. Swinish; brutal. Shakspeare. To BOAST§, b6st. v.n. [bostio, Welsh.] To brag Milton. To talk ostentatiously. 1 Cor. To exalt one's self. Ezekiel. To BOAST, bost. t\ a. To brag of. 2 Cor. vii. To magnify ; to exalt. Psalm xlix. BOAST, b6st. n. s. An expression of ostentation Rom. ii. A cause of boasting. Pope. BO'ASTER, bost'-fir. n. s. A bragger. Boyle. BO'ASTFUL, b6st'-f ul. a. Ostentatious. Slmkspeare BO'ASTING*, b6st'-ing. n. s. An expression of os- tentation. St. James, iv. BO'ASTINGLY, b6st'-?ng-le. ad. Ostentatiously Decau oj Piety. BO'ASTIVE*, bost'-lv. a. Presumptuous. Slienstone 144 BOD BOL -no, move, nfir, nfit;— tube, tub, bull 5— fill;— pfiimd;— thin, THis. BOASTLESS*, bost'-lfis. a. Without ostentation. Tltomson. BOAT §, b6te. 295. n. s. [bat, Sax.] A vessel to pass the water in. Ruleizr. A ship of a small size. BOATION, bfi-a'-shfin. n. s. [boare, Lat.] Roar; noise. Derham. BOATMAN, bore'-man. ) 88. n. s. He that man- BO'ATSMAN, botes'-man. ] ages a boat. Dry den. Prior. BOATSWAIN, bfi'-sn. n. s. [bafcrpan, Sax.] An officer on board a ship, who has charge of her rig- ging and long-boat; and calls out the several gangs, &c. Harris. §Cr This word is universally pronounced in common con- versation as it is here marked: but in reading it would savour somewhat of \ulgarity to contract it to a sound so very unlike the orthography. It would be advisable, therefore, in those who are not of the naval profession, where it is technical, to pronounce this word, when they read it, distinctly as it is written. W. To BOB§, bob. v. a. To cut. Robinson. To beat. Sir T. Eluot. To cheat. Shak. To touch gently. To BOB, bob. v. n. To play backward and forward. Shak. Dry den. To bob ibr fish, a term in angling. Beaumont and Fletcher. BOB, bdb. n. s. Something that hangs so as to play loosely. Dry den. The words repeated at the end of a stanza. UEstrxnge. A blow. Ascham. A term in ringing. A worm used for a bait in an- gling. Walloa. A bobwig. Shenstom. BOB $*, bob. n. s. A sneering joke. Beaumont and Fletcher. BOBA'NCE* bfi-banse'. n. s. [Fr.] Boasting. CJuui- cer. Ob. T. BO'BBIN, b&b'-bfn. n.s. [fcbine, Fr.] A small pin of wood used in lace-making Milton. BOBBINWORK, bob -bin-wurk. n. s. Work woven with bobbins. Grew. BOBCHERKY, b&b'-tsher-re. n. s. A play among children, in which the cherry is hung so as to bob against the mouth. Arbuthnot. BO'BTAIL, b&b'-tale. n. s. Cut tail. Shakspeare. BOBTA1LED, hob'-tal'd. 359. a. Having a tail cut, or short. L' Estrange. BOBWIG, bob' -wig. n. s. A short wig. Spectator. BO;CASINE, bok'-a-sln. n. s. [boccasin, Fr.] A kind of fine buckram, resembling taffeta; cala- manco. Cotgrave. BOCKELET, bok'-e-lel. )n. s. A kind of lonff- BOCKERET, bok'-e-ret. \ winged hawk. Diet. To BOUE §, bode. v. a. [bobian. Sax.] To portend. Shakspeare. To BODE, bfide. v. n. To be an omen. Dry den. BODE, bode. n. s. An omen. Chaucer. Delay or stop. Chaucer. BO'DEMENT, bode'-ment. n. s. Portent; omen. Shakspeare. To BODGE §, bodje. v. n. To boggle; to stop. Shakspeare. BODGE*, b&dje. n.s. A botch. Whithck. BO'DICE, b&d'-dls. 142. n. s. Stays. Prior. BODIED*, b&d'-dld. a. Having a body. Sliakspeare. BO'DILESS, bod'-de-les. a. Incorporeal. Davies. BODILINESS* bfid'-de-le-ngs. n. s. Corporality. Minslieu. BODILY, b&d'-de-le. a. Corporeal. South. Relat- ing to the body. Hooker. Real ; actual. Slwk. BO'DILY, bod'*-de-le. ad. Corporeally. Watts. BODING*, bfide'-fng. n. s. Omen. Bp. Ward. BODKIN, b&d'-kln.'n. s. [boddiken, or small body.] A dagger. Clutucer. An instrument used to bore holes. Sidney. An instrument to draw a thread through a loop. Pope. An instrument to dress the hair. Pope. Cloth of silk and gold thread. B.Jon- son. BO DY$, b&d'-de. n.s. [bobitf, Sax.] The material substance of an animal. 1 Sam. xxxi. Matter : op- posed to spirit. A person. Hooker. Reality. Co- loss, ii. A collective mass. Hooker. The main arm}'. Clarendon. A corporation. Swift. The main part ; the bulk. Raleigh. A substance. Boyle. [In geometry.] Any solid figure. A pandect ; a general collection. Strength ; as, wine of a good body. BODY-CLOTHES, bfid'-de-klfize. n. s. Clothing for horses, that are dieted. BODY-GUARD*, bfid'-de-gard. n. s. Properly, the life-guards; figuratively, security. Bp. Porteus. To BODY, bod' -de. v. a. To produce in some form Shakspeare. BOG §, bog, n. s. {bog, Irish, soft.] A marsh ; a mo rass. Shakspeare. To BOG*, bog. v. a. To whelm as in mud or mire B. Jonson. BOG-LAND*, bog' -land. a. Living in a boggy coun try. Dryden. BOG-TROTTER, b&g'-trfit-tur. n. s. One that lives in a boggy countrv. BOGLES, or BO'GGLE§*, bfig'-gl. n.s. [bwg. Celt, a goblin.] A bugbear ; a spectre. To BO'GGLE, bog'-gl. 405. v. n. To start. Shak. To hesitate. Hudibras. To dissemble. Howell. BOGGLER. bog'-glur. n. s. A doubter. Shakspeare BOGGLISH*, bog'-glish. a. Doubtful. Bp. Tavlor. BO'GGY, bfig'-^e. 183. a. Marshv; swampy. Milton BO'GHOUSE, bog'-hfiuse. n. s.,A house of office. BOHE'A, bfi-he 7 . n. s. A species of tea. Woodward To BOIL$, bfill. 299. r. n. [bullio, Lat.] To be agi- tated by heat. Chapman. To be hot. Di-yden. To move like boiling water. Gay. To cook by boil- ing. Swift. To BOIL, bfiil. v. a. To heat by putting into boiling water. Bacon. BOIL. See Bile. BOILER, bfill'-ur. n. s. The vessel in which any thing is boiled. Woodward. BO'ILERY, bfill'-e-re. n. s. A place at the salt-works where the salt is boiled. BO'ILING*, bfiil'-mg. n. s. Ebullition. BOISTEROUS $, bfils'-ter-us. a. [bwyst bwystus, Welsh.] Violent; loud. Sliak. Turbulent. Shak. Unwieldy. Spenser. Violent. Nalurai History. BOISTEROUSLY, bfiis'-ter-fis-le. ad. Violently ; - tumultuous! v. Shakspeare. BOISTEROUSNESS, bfifs'-ter-us-nes. n. s. Turbu lence. More. BO'LARY, bo'-la-re. a. Partaking of the nature of bole, or clay. Brown. BOLD§, bfild.a. [balb, Sax.] Daring; brave. Prov erbs, xxviii. Executed with spirit. Addison. Con- fident. 1 Tlies. ii. Impudent. Ecclus. vi. Licen- tious. Cowley. Striking to the eye. Dryden. Open; smooth. Howell. — To make bold". To take freedoms. Shakspeare. To BOLD*, bold. v. a. To bolden ; to make bold A. Hall. Ob. T. To BO'LDEN, bold'-d'n. 103. v. a. To make bold. AscJuxm. BOLDFACE, bfild'-fase. n. s. Impudence ; sauci ness ; a term of reproach. L'Estri7ige. BOLDFACED, bfild'-faste. a. Impudent. Bp. Bram- hall. BOLDLY, bfild'-le. ad. In a bold manner. BO'LDNESS, bold'-nes. n. s. Courage. Sidney. Exemption from caution. Dryden. rreedom. 2 Cor. vii. Confident trust in God. Hooker. As surance. Bacon. Impudence. Hooker. BOLE§, bfile. n. s. The body of a trunk of a tree Chapman. A kind of earth. A measure of corn containing six bushels. MoHimer. BO' LIS, bo'-Hs. n. s. [Lat.] A great fiery ball, swift- ly hurried througb the air, and generally drawing a tail after it. Musclienbroeck. To BOLL §, bfile. v. n. [bulna, Goth.] To rise into a roundish form ; to swell. Exodus, ix. BOLL, h6le. 406. n. s. A round stalk or stem. BO'LSTER§, bole'-stur. n. s. [bolster, Goth.] Some thing laid on the bed to support the head. Milton. A pad, or quilt. Swift. A compress on a wound, Wiseman. To BO'LSTER, bfile'-stur. v. a. To support the head with a bolster. To afford a bed to. Shak. To hold wounds together with a compress. Sharp. To support. Hooker. 145 BOM BON [O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— p ne, pm ;— BO'LSTERED* b6le'-st5rd. a. Swelled out. Taller. BO'LSTERER*, bole'-stur-ur. n. s. A supporter; a maintainer. Bp. Bancroft. BO'LSTERING*, b6le'-stur-lng. n. s. A prop; a support. Bp. Taylor. BOLT§, bill. n.s. [hollt, Goth.] An arrow. Sink. Lightning; a thunderbolt. Dryden. Bolt upright ; upright as an arrow. Grew. The bar of a door. Shale. An iron to fasten the legs. Shak. A sieve. B. Jonson. To BOLT, bolt. v. a. To shut with a bolt. Dnjden. To blurt out precipitantly. Milton. To fasten, as a bolt, or pin ; to pin. B. Jonson. To fetter. Shak. To sift with a sieve. Spenser. To examine by sifting. Bojcoii. To purify ; to purge. Shak. To BOLT, b61t. v. n. To spring out with speed and suddenness. Drayton. BOLT-ROPE, bdlY-r6pe. n. s. The rope on which the sail of a ship is fastened. Sea Diet. BO'LTER, boi'-tur. n. s. [butter, old Fr.] A sieve. Shakspeare. A kind of net. Carew. To BO'LTER*, bc-l'-tur. v. a. To besmear. Shak. BO'LTHEAD, b6lt'-heU n. s. A long, strait-necked, glass vessel, for chymical distillations. Boyle. BO'LTING-HOUSE, b6lt'-mg-h6use. n. s. The place where meal is sifted. Dennis. BOLTING-HUTCH*, bolt'-?ng-hutsh. n. s. The tub for the bolted meal. Shakspeare. BOATING-TUB*, b6lt'-ing-tub. n. s. A tub t© sift meal in. B. Jonson. BO'LTSPRIT, or BO'WSPRIT, b6'-sprft. n. s. A mast running out at the head of a ship, not stand- ing upright, but aslope. Sea Diet. BO / LUS, b6'-lus. n. s. [/3wAoj.] A form of medicine, resembling, but larger than pills. Wiseman. BOMB §, bum. 165. n. s. [bomme, Teut.] A loud noise. Bacon. A hollow iron ball, or shell, filled with gunpowder, and furnished with a vent for a fusee, or wooden tube, filled with combustible matter; to be thrown out from a mortar. Chambers. The stroke upon a bell, called the borne of the bell. JI^I do not hesitate to follow Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Nares, in this word, and all its compounds, in giving the o its fourth sound, equivalent to the second sound of u, though contrary to Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation, which makes it rhyme with Tom, from, "' s : r™™V BOTJNTIHOOD, boun'-te-hud. > BOUNTY §, boun'-te. re. 5. [bente', Fr.] Generosity. Hooker. Goodness : not now in use. Spenser. BO'UQUET*, bod'-ka. re. s. [Fr.] A nosegay. Warton. To BOURD* v.n. [bourder, Fr.] To jest Chaucer. BOURD*. re. s. A jest. Spenser. BOTJRDER*. re. s. A jester. BOTJRDLNGLY*. ad. In sport To BOTJRGEON. bur'-jun. 313, 259. o. re. [bour- feonner, Fr.] To sprout; to shoot into branches. Ipenser. BOURN, borne, re. s. [borne Fr.] A bound a limit. Shakspeare. A brook. Spenser. 35" I have differed from Mr. Sheridan and Dr. Itenrick in the pronunciation of this word. They make it sound as if written boom ; but if my memory fail me not, it is a rhyme to mourn upon the stage, and Mr. Garrick so pronounced it : u That undiscover'd country, from whose bourn * No traveller returns." — Shakspeare' $ Hamlet. 12 I am fortified in this pronunciation hy the suffrages ol Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Smith. W. BOURSE*. See Burse. To BOUSED, b66-ze. v.n. [buysen, Dutch.] To dnak lavishly. Spenser. To BOLSE, bOGze.u.a.To swallow. Sir T.Broim BOUSY, b6(V-ze. ad. Drunken. Dryden, BOUT $, bfliit. re. s. [liotta, Ital.] A turn ; as much of an action as is performed at one time. S-iney. BOUTADE*, b6o-tade / .re.s.[Fr.l A whim. Sicifl. BOU'TEFEU, boot'-fu. re. s. [Fr.] An incendiary Bacon. Ob. J. BO'UTISALE, boS'-te-sale. re. s. A sale at a cheap rate, as booty is commonly sold. Sir J. Hayuara. BO'VATE*. re.s. [Aorota, Lat.] As much land as one yoke of oxen can cultivate in a year. Burn. To BOW §, bM. iv a. [bu^an, Sax.] To bend. Psalm cxliv. To bend the body in token of respect. 2 Kings, ii. To bend, or incline, in condescension Eoclus. iv. To depress. SliaJcspeare. To BOW, bou. v. re. To bend. Habak. iii. To make a reverence. Shak. To stoop. Judges, vii. To sink under pressure. Isaiah, xlvi. BOW, b6u. re. s. An act of reverence or submission Swift. BOW, bo. re.s. An instrument which shoots arrows Genesis. A rainbow. Genesis, ix. The instrument with which stringed instruments are struck. Dry- den. The doubling of a string in a slipknot. Wise- man. A yoke. S/ialc The bows of a saddle are two pieces of wood laid archwise, to receive the upper part of a horse's back. Bow of a ship. That, part of her which begins at the loof, and compass mg ends of the stern, and ends at the slermnost parts of the forecastle. To BO Wf, b6. v. a. To bend sideways. #5= While some words are narrowing and contracting their original signification, others are dividing and sub- dividing into a thousand different acceptations. The verb to bow, rhyming with cow, might originally signify flex- ure every way, and so serve for that action which made anything crooked, let its direction be what it would: but it appears certain, that at present it only means that flexure which is vertical, and which may be called a bowing down, but is by no means so applicable to that flexure which is sideways or horizontal, and for which necessity seems insensibly to have brought the verb I have inserted into use. This verb seems accompanied by the word out as the other is by down, and we may say such a thing bows down, but another thing bows out, or swells sideways ; the first verb is pronounced so as to rhyme with cow, now, &c. and the last with go, no, &.c Milton seems to have used the word with this sound, where, in his Penseroso, he says — " And love the high embowed roof, " With antique pillars' massy proof. 1 ' But as nothing can tend more to the ambiguity of lan- guage than to have words spelled in the same manner sounded differently in order to distinguish their mean- ing by their pronunciation, I would humbly advise to spell the word bow, (to shoot with,) and the verb to bow (to bend sideways,) with the final e ; this slight addi- tion will relieve a Teader from the embarrassment he is under at first sight, where he is not thoroughly ac-, quainted with the circumstances of a relation, and does not know how to pronounce the word till he has ie&i. the context. For the propriety of this additional c, sea the words Bowl and Form. I cannot refrain from quoting Mr. Nares on this word, as his opinion has great authority : — " A bow for arrows, " and to bow, when it signifies merely to bend any w thing, have ow like 5 long. This distinction I believe u to be right, though our great lexicographer has not a noticed it. He gives to bow, in every sense, the regu- u lar sound of ow, (that is, rhyming with core.) But of " this instance the first and fomth appear to be erro- "neous; the third is doubtful; and in the second, the " word is used to express an inclination of the bony, tut " metaphorically applied to trees. See the four in- " stances from Shakspeare, Dryden, and Locke, under " To bow, v. a. No, 1." A want of attending to the different ideas the word how conveys, as it is differently sounded, has occasioned the inconsistent sea terms ; the bow of a ship, rhyming with cow ; and an anchor, called the best bower, rhyming with hour ; and bow, in the word bowsprit, rhyming with go, no. See. W m BOW BRA ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin BOW -BEARER, b6'-bare-ur. n. s. An under officer of the forest. Cowel. BOW-BENT, b^-bent. a. Crooked. Milton. BOW-HAND, b6'-hand. n. s. The hand that draws the bow. Spenser. BOW-LEG*, b6Meg. n. s. A leg crooked as a bow. Bp. Taylor. BOW-LEGGED, bo'-leg'd. 359. a. Having crooked legs. BOW-SHOT, bcV-shot. n. s. The space which an arrow may pass in its flight. Gen. xxi. BOW-WINDOW*.. b6'-w?n'-d6. n. s. A window pro- jected outwards. See Bay-window. BOWABLE*, b6'-a-bl. a. Flexible of disposition. Wodroeplie's Fr. Gram. To BOWEL* bou'-el. v. a. To take forth the bow- els. Huloet and Minslieu. BOWEL-LESS*, b6fi'-gl-les. a. Without tender- ness or compassion. Browne. BOWELS ^bdu'-elz. n.s. [boyaux, Fr.] Intestines. 2 Sam. xx. The inner parts of any thing. ShaJc- speare. The seat of pity. Gen. xliii. Tenderness. Clarendon. BOWERS, bSu'-ur. 98. n. s. [buji, Sax/| A cham- ber. Spenser. A cottage. Harrington. Any abode or residence. Milton. A shady recess. Shakspeare. BO'WER, boiV-ur. n. s. One of the muscles which bend the joints. Spenser. BOWER, hM'-flr. n. s. Anchors so called. To BOWER, bou'-ur. v. a. To embower. Slmk. To BOWER*, bou'-fir. v. n. To lodge. Spen. Ob. T. BOWERY, bou'-ur-re. a. Embowering. Tickell. To BOWGE. See To Bouge. BOWINGLY* b6 / -lng-le. ad. In a bending manner. Huioet. BOWL§, b6le. n. s. [buelin, Welsh.] A vessel to hold liquids, rather wide than deep. Shakspeare. The hollow part of any thing. Swift. A basin, or foun- tain. Bacon. BOWL §, bole. n.s. [boule, Fr.] Around mass, which may be roiled aloug the ground. Shakspeare. OCT Many respectable speakers pronounce this word so as to rhyme with howl, the noise made by a dog. Dr. John- son, Mr. Elphinston, and Mr. Perry, declare for it ; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Smith, | pronounce it as the vessel to hold liquor, rhyming with hole. I remember having been corrected by Mr. Gar- rick for pronouncing it like howl ; and am upon the i whole of opinion, that pronouncing it as I have marked j it is the preferable mode, though the least analogical. Eut as the vessel has indisputably this sound, it is ren- dering the language still more irregular to give the ball a different one. The inconvenience of this irregularity is often perceived in the word bow. To have the same word signify different things, is the fate of all languages ; but pronouncing the same word differently to signify different things, is multiplying difficulties without ne- ] cessity ; for, though it may be alleged, that a different ) pronunciation of the same word to signify a different thing is, in some measure, remedying the poverty and ambiguity of language, it may be answered, that it is in reality increasing the ambiguity, by setting the eye and ear at variance, and obliging the reader to understand the context before he can pronounce the word. It may be urged, that the Greek and Latin languages had these ambiguities in words which were only distinguishable by their quantity or accent. But it is highly probable that the Greek language had a written accent to distin- guish such words as were pronounced differently to sig- nify different things, and this is equivalent to a different spelling ; and though the Latin word lego signified either to read or to send, according to the quantity with which the first syllable was pronounced, it was certain- i ]y an imperfection in that language which ought not to be imitated. Ideas and combinations of ideas will al- ways be more numerous than words ; and therefore the i same word will often stand for very different ideas ; but altering the sound of a word without altering the spell- ing, is forming an unwritten language. TV. To BOWL, b6le. v. a. To roll as a bowl. Sliak. To ! pelt with any thing rolled. Shakspeare. I To BOWL*, b6le. v. n. To play at bowls. Shak. BOWLPNG*, b6'-lmg. n. s. The art of throwing bowls. Burton. BOWLDER-STONES, b&e'-dar-stinz. 77. s. Lumps or fragments of stones broke, and cliffs rounded, by being tumbled to and again by the water. ward. Wood- of the outside of a sail.' Harris. BOWLING-GREEN, b6'-ling-green. n.s. Aleve piece of ground, keDt smooth for bowlers. Benttey. BOWLING-GROUND*, bo'-lhig-groCuid. n. $. The same as bowling-green. B. Jonson. BO WMAN, b6'-man. 88. n. s. An archer. Jerem. iv BOWNET* b6'-net. n.s. A net made of twigs bow ed to catch fish. To BOWSE*, bofiz. v. n. A sea teim, signifying to hale or pull together. Chambers. BOWSPRIT, b^-sprit. n. s. See Bolts prit. | To BOWSSEN, bMs'-sn. v. a. To drench ; to soak Carew. BOWSTRING, bo'-strfng. n. s. The siring by which the bow is kept bent. Shakspeare. BOWYER, bo'-yur. 98. n. s. An archer. Dryden. One whose trade it is to make bows. Asr.ham. BOX 6, b6ks. n. s. [box, Sax.] A tree. Miller. BOX, b&ks. n.s. A case made of wood, or other matter. Sidney. The case of the mariner's compass The chest into which money givPi is put. Spense/ Certain seats in the playhouse. Dryden. To BOX, boks. v. a. To enclose in a box. Szri/l. To box the compass, is to rehearse the several points of it in their proper order. BOX §, boks. n. s. [bock, Welsh.] A blow on the heac" given with the hand. Shakspeare. To BOX, boks. v. n. To fight with the fist. L Estrange. To BOX, boks. v. a. To strike with the fist. Misson. BO'XEN, bok'-sn. 103. a. Made of box. Dryden. Resembling box. Dryden. BO'XER, boks'-ur. n. s. A man who fights with his fist. To BO'XHAUL, boks'-hawl. r. a. To veer the ship by a particular method, when tacking is impracti- cable. Chambers. BOY$, b6e. 482. n. s. A male child. Zech. viii. One in the stale of adolescence. Sliakspeurc. A word of contempt for young men. Locke. To BOY, b6e. v. a. To treat as a boy. Shaksjieare. BO'YBLIND*, b6e' -blind, a. Undisceming, like a boy. Beaumont ami Fletclier. BO'YHOOD, boe'-hud. n. s. The state of a boy Swift. BO'YISH, bSe'-Ish. a. Belonging to a boy. Shak. Childish ; trifling'. Sha/apeare. BO'YISHLY, b6eMsh-le. ad. Childishly ; trifling] •/. Sherwood. BO'YISHNESS, bae'-ish-nes. n.s. Childishness. BO'YISM, bde'-lzm. n. s. Puerility ; childishness. Dryden. The state of a boy. Warton. BO'YS-PLAY* b6]z 7 -pla. n.s. The amusement of a boy. Beaumont and Fletclier. BP. An abbreviation of bishop. BRA'RBLE §, brab'-bl. 405. n. s. [b-abbden, Dutch.] A clamorous contest. Shakspeare. To BRA'BBLE, brab'-bl. v. n. To clamour. Sidney. BRA'BBLER, brab'-lfir. n. s. A clamorous fellow Shakspeare. To BRACE §, brase. v. a. [embrasser, Fr.] To bind. Locke. To make tense. Holder. To surround. Spenser. BRACE, brase. n.s. Cincture; bandage. That which holds any thing tight. DerJurm. A piece of timber framed in with bevel joints, used to keep the build- ing from swerving either way. Builder's Did. Ropes belonging to all the yards, except the mizen. Thick straps of leather on which a coacli hangi; Harness. [In printing.] A crooked line enclosing n passage, which ought to be taken together, and not separately; as in a triplet. Prior. Warlike preparation. Slutkspeare. The armour for the ami Tension ; tightness. Holder. BRACE, brase. n. s. A pair; a couple. Milton.. BRACELET, brase'-leL n. s. [bracelet, Fr.] An or- nament for the arms. Sir J. Hayward. A pi«"ce of defensive annour for the arm. 160 BRA BRA -n6, mOve, nSr, n6t ;— lube, tub, bull 5 — 611 ; — p6und ; — thin. tyf" I have, in the pronunciation of this word, made the a long and slender, as in brace, as I find it in Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Scott; and not short, as in brass, as Mr. Sheridan lias marked .t; and which, I believe, is the prevailing pronunciation in Ireland: for though many compounds shorten the vowel in the sim- ple, as is shown at large in the Principles of Pronuncia- tion, 308, 515 ; yet I think such words are exceptions as are only diminutives, plurals, and feminities. — See Patroness. W. BRA'CER, bra/-sur. 98. n. s. A cincture. Wiseman. A medicine of constringent power. Armour for the arm. Chaucer. BRACH, hratsh. 352. n. s. [braclie, old Fr.] A bitch- hound. Burton. BRA'CHIAL, brak'-yal. 353. a. [brachium, Lai.] Be- of the first longing- to the arm. Blount. EtA'CHMAN*. I n. s. A priest of India,' BR BRA'MIN \ cast of Gentoos. FeaShij. short-hand writer. Gayton. BRACH Y'GRAPHY§, bra-kig'-gra-fe. 353. n. s. [fipaybs and ypdQu).] The art of writing in a short compass. B. Jonson. BRACK, brak. n. s. [bpacan, Sax.] A breach. Hay- ward. BRA'CKEN*, brak'-kn. n. s. Fern. BRA'CKET, brak'-klt. 99. n. s. A piece of wood fixed for the support of something. Mortimer. BRA'CKISH$, brak'-ish. a. [breke, Goth, the sea.] Salt ; somewhat salt. Bacon. BRA'CKISHNESS, brak'-ish-nes. n. s. Saltness in a small degree. Cheyne. BRA'CKY* brak'-e. a. Brackish. Drayton. BRAD§, being an initial, signifies broad, spacious, from the Sax. bpab. Gibson's Camden. BRAD, brad. n. s. A sort of nail to floor rooms with. Moxon. To BRAG §, brag. v. n. [braggeren, Dutch.] To boast. Shakspeare. BRAG, brag. n. s. A boast. Shakspeare. The thing boasted. Milton. BRAG*, brag. a. Proud ; boasting. Bale. BRAG*, brag. n.s. A kind of a game at cards. Chambers. BRAGGADOCIO, brag-ga-do/-she-6. n. s. A swell- ing, boasting fellow. Dryden. BRA'GGARDISE*, brag'-gar-dls. n.s. Gloriation; a bragging. Minsheu. BRA'GGARDISM, brag'-gar-dfzm. n.s. Boastful- ness. Shakspeare. BRA'GGART, brag'-gart. 88. n. s. A boaster. Shak- speare. BRA'GGART, brag'-gart. a. Boastful. Donne. BRA'GGER, brag'-gur. 98. n. s. A boaster. Bale. BRA'GGET $*, brag'-ggt. n. s. [bragod, Welsh.] A sweet drink ; a kind of mead. Chaucer. BRA'GGLNGLY*, brag'-ghig-le. ad. Boastingly. Huloet. BRA'GLESS, bragM&s. a. Without a boast. Shak. BRA'GLY, bv&g'-Ve. ad. Finely. Spenser. To BRAIDS, brade. v.a. [bpeban, Sax.] To weave together. Milton. BRAID, brade. n. s. A texture. Milton. BRAID, brade. a. [bpeb, Sax. deceit.] Crafty ; de- ceitful. Sliakspeare. BRAID* bride, n. s. A start. SackviUe. Ob. T. To BRAID §*, bra.de. v. a. To upbraid ; to reproach. Ob. T. BRAILS, bralz. n. s. [sea term.] Small ropes reev- ed through blocks. Harris. ^RAIN $, brane. n. s. [bpae£en, Sax.] That collec- tion of vessels and organs in the head, from which sense and motion arise. Cheselden. The under- standing. Hammond. The affections. Sluxkspeare. Fancy; imagination. Abp. Sajidys. To BRAIN, brane. v. a. To dash out the brains. Srutkspeare. BRA'INISH, brane'-fsh. a. Hotheaded; furious. Sliakspeare. BRA'INLESS, brane'-l&. a. Silly. Hooker. BRAINPAN, brane'-pan. n. s. The skull. Bible of Henry VIII. BRA'INSICK, brane'-s'ik. a. Diseased in the under standing. Shakspeare. BRATNSICKLY, brane'-sik-ic. ad. Weakly . headily BRA'INSICKINESS, brane'-slk-nes. n.s. tndiscre tion ; giddiness. BRA1T, brate. n.s. A rough diamond. Diet. BRAKE, brake. The preterit of break. BRAKE §, brake, n. s. A thicket of brambles. Shak. Fern. Spenser. BRAKE, brake, n. s. An instrument for dressing hemp. The handle of a ship's pump. A bakers kneading trough. A sharp bit or snaifle for horses. A smith's brake is a machine in which horses un- willing to be shod are confined during that opera- tion. Turbervile. That which moves a military engine to any point. Fairfax. BRA'KY, bra'-ke. a. Thorny. Bp. Hall. BRA'MBLE$, bram'-bl. 405. n. s. [bpcemble, Sax.] The blackberry bush. Miller. Any rough, prickly shrub. Spenser. BRA'MBLY*, braur-ble. a. Full of brambles. BRA'MBLED*, bram'-bld. a. Overgrown with brambles. T. Warton. BRA'MBLING, bram'-bllng. n. s. A mountain chaf finch. Diet. BRA'MIN*. bram'-m. n. s. See Brachman. BRAMINICAL*, bra-mm'-e-kal. a. Relating to the B-ramins. Halhed. BRAN §, bran. n. s. [bren, old Fr.] The husks of com ground ; the refuse of the sieve. Shaksjjeui'e. BRAN-NEW* brdn'-nu. [brand-7iew, Teui.J Quite new. BRA'NCARD*, bran'-kard. n.s. [brancar, Fr.] A horse-litter. Life of Lord Clarendon. BRANCH $, bransh. 352,78. [brantsh, Sheridan # Jones.] n. s. [bravche, Fr.] The shoot of a tree from one of the main boughs. Shakspeare. Any distinct article. Shakspeare. Any pari that shoots out from the rest. Exodus, xxv. A smaller river running into a larger. Raleigh. Any part of a family de- scending in a collateral line. Carew. The offspring. Crashaw. The antlers or shoots of a stag's horn. The arches of Gothick vaults. Harris. To BRANCH, bransh. v. n. To spread in branches. Bacon. To spread into separate parts. Addison. To speak diffusively. Spectator. To have horns shooting out. Milton. To BRANCH, bransh. v. a. To divide as into branches. Bacon. To adorn with sprigs of needle- work. Spe?iser. BRANCHER, briW-shfir. n. s. One that shoots out into branches. Wotton. [In falconry.] A young hawk. Walton. BRA'NCHERY* bransh'-e-re. n.s. The vasculai parts of fruits. Chambers. BRANCHINESS, bran'-she-ngs. n. s. Fulness ot branches. Shertcood. BRANCHLESS, bransh'-le's. a. Without shoots 01 boughs. Cotgraxe. Naked. Shakspeare. BRANCHY, bran'-shc. a. Full of branches. Pope. BRANDS, brand, n.s. [bpanb, Sax.] A stick light- ed, or fit to be lighted. Shakspeare. A sword. [brando, Ital.l Milton. A thunderbolt. Granville. A mark made by burning a criminal with a hot iron, a stigma. Bacon. Any note of infamy. Dryden To BRAND, brand, v. a. To mark with a brand, or note of infamy. Sliakspeare. To burn with a hot iron. Dryden. BRANDGOOSE, brand'-goos. n. s. A kind of wild fowl. Diet. BRANDIRON*, brand'-l-urn. n. s. [bpanbipen, SaxJ A trivet to set a pot upon. To BRANDISH, bran'-dfsh. v. a. [brand, a sword.] To flourish as a weapon. Ezek. xxxii. To play wi;h. Locke. BRANDISH*, bran'-dfsh. n. s. A flourish. B. Jonson To BRANBLE*, bran'-dl. v.n. [brandiller. Fr.] To shake. Cotgrave. BRANDLING, brandMmg. n. s. A kind of worm. Walton. BRA / NDY,bran / -de. n.s. \brandexine, or burnt- joined A strong liquor distilled from wine. Beau, and Fi 151 BRA BRE O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?r Brandy ajjvutscr, BRASS- VISAGED*, bras'-v?z-?djd. a. Impudc BRA'SSICA*, bras'-se-ka. n.s. [Lat.] Cab An appearance BRANDY- WINE, bran'-de-wlne. n. s Wiseman. BRA'NGLE S, brang'-gl. 405. n. s. Squabble ; wran- gle. Swift. To BRA'NGLE, brang'-gl. 405. v. n. To wrangle; to squabble. Bp. Hall. BRA NGLEMENT, brang'-gl-ment n.s. The same with branch. BkA'NGLlNG*, brang'-glmg. n.s Quarrel. Wliit- lock. BRANK, brank. n. s. Buckwheat. Mortimer. BRA'NLIN*, branMln. n. s. A species offish of the salmon kind. Chambers. BRANNY, bran'-i^e. a. Having the appearance of bran. Wiseman. Consisting principally of bran. Huloet. BRA'NSLE*, bran'-sl. n. s. [bmnsle, Fr.] A brawl or dance. Spenser. Ob. T. BRANT*, brant, a. Steep. See Brent. BRA'SEN, bra'-zn. a. Made of brass. It is now less properly written, according to the pronunciation, brazen. BRA'SIER, bra/-zhor. 283. n. s. A manufacturer in brass. Shak. A pan to hold coals. Arbuthnot. BRA'SJL, or BRAZIL, bra-zeeF. n. s. An Ameri- can wood, commonly supposed to be thus denonrna ted, because first brought from Brazil ; but the Brai.; wood was known before the discovery of Brazil. Cliaucer. BRASS, bras. n. s. [bpay, Sax.] A yellow metal made by mixing copper with lapis calaminaris Shak. Impudence, used for copoer. Dent. viii. BRASS-PAVED*, bras'-pav'd. a. Firm as brass, Spenser lent Cabbage Pope. BRA'SSINESS, bras'-se-nes. n. like brass. ERA'SSY, bras'-se. a. Partaking of brass. Wood- ward. Hard as brass. Shakspeare. Impudent. BRAST, brast. part. a. [from bicrst.~\ Burst ; broken. Spenser. Ob. J. BRAT S, brat. n.s. A child, so called in contempt. Shak. The progeny ; the offspring. South. BRAVA'DO, bra-viZ-do. [See Lumbago.] n. s. [bravada, Span.] A boast. Sir T. Herbert. BRAVE S, brave, a. [brahe, Goth.] Courageous. Bacon. Gallant. Shak. Magnificent. Shak. Ex- cellent ; noble. Sidney. Fine ; showy. Spenser. BRAVE, brave, n. s. A hector. Milton.. A boast. Shakspeare. To BRAVE, brave, v. a. To defy. Shak. To carry a boasting appearance of. Bacon. To make fine or splendid. Shakspeare. BRA'VELY, brave'-le. ad. In a brave manner. Ba- con. Finely. Judith, x. BRAVERY, bra'-vur-re. 555. n. s. Courage. Spec- tator. Splendour. Spenser. Show. Bacon. Bra- vado. Sidiunj. BRA'VINGLY*, bra'-ving-le. ad. In a defying man- ner. Sheldon. BRA'VO, bra'-vo. n. s. [bravo, ltal.] A man who murders for hire. Government oftlie Tongue. BRA VU'RA*, bra-vu'-ra. n. s. A word of modern application, to such songs as require great vocal ability in the singer. To BRAWL§, brawl, v.n. [brauler, Fr.] To quar- rel noisily. Shak. To speak loud and indecently. Shakspeare. To make a noise. Shakspeare. To BRAWL*, brawl, v. a. To drive or beat away. Shakspeare. BRAWL, brawl, n. s. Quarrel. Hooker. A dance. B. Jonson. BRA'WLER, braw'-lfir. n.s. A wrangler. 1 Tim. iii. BRA'WLING*, braw'-llng. n.s. The act of quarrel- ling. Sidney. BRA'WLINGLY*, braw'-llng-le. ad. In a quarrel- some manner. Huloet. BRAWN S, brawn, n. s. The fleshy part of the body. I Peacliam ^i-earm. Shak. Bulk. Dry den. The! flesh of a boar, prepared in a particular manner Mortimer. A boar. Beaumont and Fklcher. BRA'WNED* braw'-n?d. a. Strong; brawny Spenser. BRA'YVNER, braw'-n&r. n.s. A boar kiiled for the table. King. BRA'WNINESS, braw'-ne-nes. n.s. Strength, hard ness. Hammond. BRA'WNY, braw'-ne. a. Musculous; fleshy. Dry den. Hard; unfeeling. Mede. To BRAY$, bra. v. a. [bnacan, Sax.] To pound, ot grind small. Bacon. To emit with sound ; to give vent to. Sir T. Elyot. To BRAY, bra. v. n. [broire, Fr.] To make a noise «s an ass. Dryden. To make a harsh noise Shakspeare. BRAY, bra. n. s. Voice of an ass. Harsh sound Sltakspeare. BRAY*, bra. ?i.s. [bre, Welsh.] A oank of earth. Ld. HerbeH. BRA'YER, bra'-fir. n. s. One that brays like an ass. Pope. An instrument to temper printers' ink. BRA'YING*, bracing, n.s. Clamour; noise. Sir T. Smith. To BRAZE, braze, v. a. To solder with brass. Mox- on. To harden to impudence. Shakspeare. BRA'ZEN, bra'-zn. 103. a. Made of brass. Peacham. Proceeding from brass. Sluxkspeare. Impudent To BRA'ZEN, bra'-zn. v. n. To be impudent. Ar- buthnot. BRA'ZENBROWED* bra'-zn-broad. a. Shame- less; impudent. Browne. BRAZEN FACE, bra'-zn-fase. n. s. An impudent wench. Shakspeare. BRAZENFACED, bra'-zn-faste. 359. a. Impudent; shameless. Shakspeare. BRAZENLY* bra'-zn-le. ad. In a bold, impudec\ manner. BRA'ZENNESS, bra'-zn-nes. n. s. Appearance like brass. Impudence. BRA'ZIER, braze'-yfir. 283. n.s. See Brasier Swift. BREACH, breetsh. n.s. The act of breaking. Shak. The state of being broken. Shak. A gap in a for- tification made by a battery. Knolles. The viola- tion of a law or contract. Spenser. The opening in a coast. Spenser. Difference ; quarrel. Claren- don. Infraction; injury. Clarendon. BREADS, bred. n. s. [bpeob, Sax.] Food made of ground corn. Arbuthnot. Food in general. Gene- sis. Support of life at large. K. Charles. To BREAD*, or BREADE*, v. a. [bpaeban, Sax.", To spread. Ray. BREAD-CHIPPER, br&F-tshlp-or. n. s. One that chips bread ; an under-butler. Shakspeare. BREAD-CORN, bred'-kdrn. n.s. Corn of which bread is made. Hayward. BREAD-ROOM, bred'-rodm. n.s. Apart of the holci of a ship, where the bread and biscuit are kept BREADEN*, bred'-dn. ad. Made of bread. Rogers. BREADTHS, hrteth. n. s. [bpseb, Sax.] The meas- ure of any plain superficies from side to side. Bacon. BRE'ADTHLESS*, bredtfi'-les. a. Without limit of breadth. More. To BREAKS, brake. 240, 242. v. a. pret. I broke, or brake; part. pass, broke, or broken, [bpecceen. Sax.] To part by violence. Psalm ii.. To burst, or open by force. Milton. To pierce; to divide. Dryden. To destroy by violence. Burnet. To batter. Shak. To crush or destroy the strength of the body. Sliak. To sink or appal the spirit. Clar- endon. To crush ; to shatter. Judith, ix. To weaken the mental faculties. Shak. To tame. Spenser. To make bankrupt. Shak. To discard; to dismiss. Swift. To crack or open the skin. Shak. To violate a contract. 2 Chron. xvi. To infringe a law. Dryden. To stop. Shak. To intercept Bacon. To interrupt. Dryden. To separate com- pany. Atterbvry. To dissolve any union. Collier To reform. Grew. To open something new. Ba ccm.—To break the back. To dislocate the vertebrae. Shak. To break tlie back. To disable one's for m BRE BRE -m6, move, nor, not ; — tube, (Sb, hull ; — dil ; — oofind ; — thin, Tuis. tune. Shaic. To break a deer. To cut it up in llie slaugnter-house. To breakfast. To eat the first time in the day. To break ground. To plough. Carew. To break ground. To open trenches. To break the heart. To destroy with grief. Sftak. To break a jest. To utter a jest unexpected. But- ter. To break the neck. To put out the neck joints. Shak. To break off. To put a sudden stop. Mil- ton. To break off^ To preclude by some obstacle suddenly interposed. Addison. To break off. To tear asunder. Milton. To break up. To dissolve. Herbert. To break up. To lav open. Sandys. To break up. To separate or disband. Krvolles. To break up. To force open. Mieah, ii. To break upon the wheel. To punish by stretching a criminal upon the wheel, and breaking his bones with bats. To break wind. To give vent lo wind in the body. To BREAK, brake, v. n. To part in two. Shak. To burst. Drijden. To spread by dashing, as waves on a rock. Dryden. To break as a swell- ing ; to open. Harvey. To open as the morning. Donne. To burst forth. Isaiah, lii. To become bankrupt. Shak. To decline in health. Swift. To issue out with vehemence. Pope. To make way with suddenness or violence. Hooker. To come to an explanation. Sidney. To fall out. B. Jo7ison. — To break from. To go away with some vehemence. Roscommon. To break in. To enter unexpectedly. Addison. To break loose. To es- cape from captivity. Milton. To break loose. To shake off" restraint. Tillotson. To break off. To desist suddenly. Bacon. To break off from. To part from with violence. Shak. To break out. To discover itself in sudden effects. Spenser. To break out. To have eruptions from the body. To break out. To become dissolute. Dryden. To break up. To cease. Bo£on. To break up. To dissolve it- self. Bacon. To break up. To begin holidays. Shak. To break with. To part friendship with any. Shak. It is to be observed of this extensive and perplexed verb, that in all its significations, whether active or neutral, it has some reference to its primitive meaning, by implying either detriment, suddenness, violence, or separation. It is used of- ten with additional particles, up, out, in, off, forth, to modify its signification. BREAK, brake, n.s. Stale of being broken; open- ing. Knolles. Milton. Dryden. A pause. Black- v;all. A line drawn. Swift. Land ploughed or broken up during the first vear after the alteration. Grose._ [In architecture.] A recess of a part behind its ordinary range or projecture. Chambers. BREAKABLE*, brake'-a-bl. a. Capable of being- broken. BREAKER, bra'-kur. n. s. He that breaks any thing. Shak. A wave broken by rocks. A break- er up of the ground. Sherwood. A destroyer. Mir ah. ii. To BREAKFAST, brek'-fast. 234,515. v.n. To eat the first meal in the day. Prior. BREAKFAST, brek'-fast. 88. n. s. The first meal in the day. Wolton. The thing eaten at the first meal. Bacon. A meal, or food in general. Shak. BREAKFASTING*, brek'-fast-tng. n. s. A party assembled to breakfast together ; a publick break- fast. Ld. Chesterfield. BRE AKING*, brake'-mg. n. s. Bankruptcy. Sea- so7ia.ble Sermon. Irruption. Hammond. Dissolution. Isaiah, xxx. A breaking: up of the ground. BRE AKNECK, brake'-n?k. n. s. A steep place en- dangering the neck. Shakspeart. BRE AKPROMISE, brake' -prom-?s. n. s. One that makes a practice of breaking his promise. Shak. BREAKVOW, brake'-vou. ?i.s. He that practise* the breach of vows. Shakspeare. BREAKWATER*, brake'-wa-lur. r.. s. The hulk of an old vessel sunk at the entrance of a harbour to break the force of the sea. Ash. BREAMS, breme. n. s. [brame, Fr.] The name of a fish. Walton. Tc BREAM* See To Broom BREAST s\ brSst. n. s. fbpeojrc;, Sax.] The middle part of the human body, between the neck and the belly. Prior. The teats of women, which contain the milk. Job, xxiv. Anciently, the powerof sing- ing. Tusser. B. Jonsou. The part of a beast that is under the neck, between the lore-legs. The dis- position of the mind. Dryden. The heart; the j conscience. Dryden. To BREAST, brest. v. a. To meet in front. Shak. I BREASTBONE, brest'-b6ne. n. s. The sternum Peacham. BREA'STCASKET, brest'-kas-keH. n. s. The larg est caskets or strings placed in the middle of the yard of a ship. BREASTDE'EP*, brest'-deep. a. Breast-high ; up to the breast. Titus Andronicus. BREASTED*, brest'-'fd. a. Broad-breasted. Hav- ing a fine voice. Fiddes. BRE ASTFAST, brest'-f ast. n. s. A rope in a ship to hold her head to a warp. Harris. BREASTHIGH, brest'-hl. a. Up to the breast Sidney. BREASTHOOKS, brest'-h6oks. n. s. The timbers that strengthen the forepart of a ship. Harris. BREASTKNOT,br^st'-not.«.s. A knot of ribands worn by women on the breast. Addison. BREASTPLATE, bresl'-plate. n. s. Armour for the breast. Shakspeare. BREASTPLOUGH. brest'-pl6u. n. s. A plough for paring turf, driven by the breast. Mortimer. BRE ASTROPES, brest' -r6pes. n. s. Ropes which fasten the yards to the parrels of a ship. Harris. BREASTWORK, brest'-w&rk. n. s. Works thrown up as high as the breast of the defendants : the same with parapet. Clarendon. BREATHE brhh. 437. n. s. [lipase, Sax.] The air drawn in and ejected out of the body. Shak. Life Dryden. The state of breathing freely. Spetiser. Respite; pause. Shak. Breeze. Acldison. A single act. Dryden. BREATHABLE, bre'-THa-bl. a. That may be breathed. To BREATHE, breTHe. 437. v. n. To draw in and throw out the air by the lungs. Pope. To live. Shak. To take breath. Spenser. To pass as air Shakspeare. To BREATHE, breTHe. v. a. To inspire or expire Dryden. To inject by breathing. Decay of Piety To eject by breathing. Spectator. To exercise Shak. To move by oreath. Prior. To exhale Milton. To utter privately. Slvak. To give air or vent to. Dmden. BREATHER, bre'-THur. n. s. One that breathes. Shak. One that utters anything. Shak. Lispirer. Norris. BREATHFUL*, brM'-ful. a. Full of breath Spenser. Full of odour. Spenser. BREATHING, bre'-TH?ng. n.s. Aspiration ; secret prayer. Bp. Hall. Breathing place ; vent. Dry den. An accent. BREATHING-PLACE*, bre'-THmg-plase. n.s A pause. Sidney. BREATHING-TIME*, bre'-THlng-tlme. n.s. Re- laxation. Bp. Hall. BREATHLESS, breW-les. a. Out of breath. Spen ser. Dead. Shakspea7-e. BREATHLESSNESS* br&7i'-les-nes. n. s. The state of being out of breath. Bp. Hall. BRED, bred. part. pass, [from To breed.] Wisd. xii BREDE, brede. n. s. See Braid. BREECH §, breetsh. 247. n. s. Tiie lower part of the body ; the back part. Hay ward. Breeches. Shak. The hinder part of a piece of ordnance. Anon. The hinder part of any thing. To BREECH, breetsh. 247. v. a. To put into breech es. To fit any thing with a breech ; as, to breech a gun. Shak. To whip on the breach. Beaumont and Fletcher. BRE'ECHES, brftsh'-iz. 247, 99. n. s. [bjuec. Sax.] The garment worn by men over the lower part of the body. Shak. — To wear the breeches, is, in a w,fe, to usurp the authority of the husband. Burton, 153 BRE BRI \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin y- BREE'CHING*, breetsh'-fng. n.s. A whipping. Sherwood. The ropes with which the great guns are lashed to the side of a ship. Chambers. To BREEDS, breed, v. a. preter. I bred, 1 h&vebred. [bpaeban, Sax.] To procreate. Roscommon. To produce from one's self. Locke. To occasion. Spenser. To contrive. Shak. To give birth to. Hooker. To educate. Dry den. To bring up from infancy. Dryden. To conduct through the first stages of life. Prior. Vo BREED, breed, v. n. To bring young. Spectator. To be increased by new production. Raleigh. To be produced. Slmkspeare. To raise a breed. Mor- BREED, breed, n.s. A cast ; a kind. Shak. A fam- ily. Arbuthnot. Progeny. Shak. A number pro- duced at once ; a hatch. Grew. BRE'EDBATE, breed'-bate. n. s. One that breeds quarrels. Shakspeare. BRE'EDER, breed'-ur. 98. n. s. That which pro- duces any thing. Shak. The person which brings up another. Ascham. A female that is prolifick. Shakspeare. One that takes care to raise a breed. Temple. BREEDING, bree'-dlng. n. s. Education. Slmk. Manners. Pope. Nurture. Milton. BREESE §, breez. n. s. [bpioj*a, Sax.J A stinging fly. Shakspeare. BREEZE^, breez. n. s. [brize, Fr.] A gentle gale ; a soft wind. Raleigh. BRE'EZELESS*, breezes, a. Wanting a breeze. W. Richardson. BRE'EZY, bree'-ze. a. Fanned with gales. Pope. Full of gales. Gray. BRE'HON, bre'-hon. n.s. [An Irish word, from breath, judgement.] A judge. Spenser. BREME, breem. a. [bpemman, Sax.] Cruel ; sharp. Chaucer. Ob. J. To BRENS*, bren. v. a. [brmmn, Sax.] To burn. Spenser. Ob. T. BRENT, brent, part. a. Burnt. Spenser. BRENT*, brent. ) a. [bryn, Goth.] Steep ; high. BRANT*, brant. \ Ascham. BREST, brest. n. s. [In architecture.] The torus, or tore. BRET, brei. n. s. A fish of the turbot kind. Diet. BRE'TFUL*, breV-fvil. a. Brimful. Chaucer. BRETHREN, breTH'-ren. n.s. The plural of brother. BRE VE, breve, n. s. [In musick.] A note of time, equivalent to four minims. BREVE* breve, n.s. [bpave, Sax.] An official writing ; a writ or brief. Ld. Herbert. BRE VE 7 1 *, bre-vet'. n. s. Appointment in the army, and rank above the speeifick appointment for which pay is received ; a lieutenant-colonel, being made colonel by brevet, enjoys the pay only of the former, but the honour and privileges of the latter, station. A brevet is a warrant, without seal. BRE'VIARY, breve'-ya-re. 507. n. s. [breviarium, Lat.] An abridgement. Axjliffe. The book con- taining the daily service of the church of Rome. Abp. usher. §Cr All our orthoe'pists but Mr. Perry pronounce the first syllable of this word long ; but if authority ware silept, analogy would decide for the pronunciation I have giv- en. 534. TV. BRE'VIATE, breve'-yat. 113. n. s. A short compen- dium. Milton. A lawyer's brief. Hudibras. To BRE'VIATE*, breve'-yate, or bre'-ve-ate. v. a. To abbreviate. Sherwood. BRE'VIATURE, breve'-ya-tshure. 465,113. n.s. An abbreviation. BRE'VIER, bre-vere'. n. s. A particular size of let- ter used in printing. BRE'VITY,brev'-e-te. 511. n.s. Conciseness. Dn/d. To BREW §, bro5. 339. v. a. [bpipan, Sax.] To make liquors by mixing several ingredients. Bacon. To put into preparation. Shak. To mingle. Shak. To contrive ; to plot. Wotton. ToBREW.broS. v.n. To perform the office of a brewer. Slutkspeare. BREW b:6d. n. s. Manner of brewing. Bacon. BRE' WAGE, br66'-idje. 90. n.s. Mixture of various things. Slmkspeare. BRE' WER, br6d'-ur. n. s. A man whose trade it is to make beer. Shakspeare. BRE'WERY*, br66'-e-re. n. s. The place appropr'- ated to brewing. Pennant. BRE'WHOUSE*, broo'-hMs. n.s. A house appro- priated to brewing. Bacon. BREWING*, br65'-ing. n. s. [In naval language.! The appearance of black, tempestuous clouds, indi- cating an approaching storm. Chambers. BRE' WING, br6S'-ing.410.«.s. Quantity brewed at once. Bacon. BRE'WIS, br65'-is. n. s. [bpipa r , Sax.] A piece ot bread soaked in boiling fat pottage, made of salted meat. Warner. BRI'AR. See Brier. BRIBE S, bribe, n. s. [bribe, Fr.] A reward given to pervert the judgement or corrupt the conduct. SJiak. To BRIBE, bribe, v. a. To gain by bribes. Dryden. BRI'BER, brl'-bur. 98. n. s. One that pays for cor ■ rupt practices. South. BRI'BERY, brl'-bur-re. 555. n.s. The crime of tak- ing or giving rewards for bad practices. Bacon. BRICKS, brlk. n. s. [brick, Dutch.] A mass of burst clay, squared for the use of builders. Bacon. A loaf shaped like a brick. To BRICK, brk. v. a. To lay with bricks. Beau mont and Fletcher. BRI'CKBAT, brlk'-bat. n. s. A piece of brick BRI'CKBUILT*, brlk'-bflt. part. a. Built with bricks Dryden. BRI'CKCLAY, brik'-kla. n. s. Clay used for mak- ing bricks. Woodward. BRFCKDUST, brik'-dust. n. s. Dust made by pounding bricks. Spectator. BRI'CKEARTH, brik'-h'th. n. s. Earth used in making" bricks. Mortimer. BRI'CK-KILN, brlk'-kil. n. s. A kiln to burn bricks Decay of Piety. BRl'CKLAYER, brfk'-la-ur. n. s. A brick-mason. Slmkspeare. BRI'CKLES*, brfk'-kl.a. [brokel, Teut.] Brittle; apt to break. Spenser. BRI'CKLENESS*, brfk'-kl-nes. n. s. Fragility. Barret. BRI'CKMAKER, brfk'-ma-kur. n. s. One whose trade it is to make bricks. Woodward. BRI'CKWORK*, brlk'-wurk. n. s. Laying of bricks. Sherwood. BRI'CKY* brik'-e. a. Full of bricks ; fit for bricks. Cotgrave. BRI'DAL S, brl'-dal. n. s. [bpibal, Sax.] The nup- tial festival. Ascham. BRI'DAL, brl'-dal. a. Belonging to a wedding. Shakspeare. BRI'DALTY*, brl'-dai-te. n.s. Celebration of the nuptial feast. B. Jonson. BRIDE S, bride, n. s. [bpyb, Sax.] A woman new married. Spenser. To BRIDE*, bride, v. a. To make a bride of; to marry. BRI'DEBED, brlde'-bed. n. s. Marriage-bed. Shak. BRFDECAKE, brlde'-kake. n. s. A cake distributed to the guests at a wedding. B. Jonson.. BRI'DECHAMBER*, brlde'-tshame-bur. n. s. The nuptial chamber. St. Malt. ix. BRI'DEGROOM, bride'-gr65m. n. s. [bjiib^uma, Sax.] A new married man. Shakspeare. BRI'DEMAID, brlde'-made. n. s. She who attends upon the bride. Sir J. Suckling. BRI'DEMAN, brlde'-man. n. s. He who attends the bride and bridegroom at the nuptial ceremony. Wheally. BRI'DESTAKE, brlde'-stake. n. s. A post set in the ground, to dance round. B. Jonson. BRI'DEWELLS, brlde'-wel. n. s. [The palace built by St. Bride's, or Bridget's well, was turned into a workhouse.] A house of correction. Sped. BRIDGES, brldje. n. s. [bpyc^e, Sax.] A building raised over water for the convenience of passage 154 BRI BRI — n6, m6ve, nor, not ; — lube, tab, bull ; — 6ll ; — p6und ; — thin, thus. Sliak. The upper part of the nose. Bacon. The supporter of the strings in stringed instruments of musick. To BRIDGE, bridje. v. a. To raise a bridge over any place. Milton. BRIDGY* bridge, a. Full of bridges. Sherwood. BRFDLE §, bri'-dl. 405. n. s. [bpibl, Sax.] The headstall and reins by which a horse is governed. Druden. A restraint ; a curb. Clarendon. To BRFDLE, brl'-dl. v. a. To guide by a bridle. Addison. To put a bridle on any thing. Prior. To restrain. Hcoke:: To BRFDLE, brl'-dl. v. n. To hold up the head. Beaumont and Fletclier. BRI'DLEHAND, brl'-dl-hand. n. s. The hand which holds the bridle. Sidney. BRFDLER* brl'-dhlr. n. s. He who directs or re- strains as by a bridle. Milton. BRIEF $ ; breef. a. [brief, Fr.] Short 5 concise. Slvak. Contracted. Slutkspeare. BRD2F, breef. n. s. A writing of any kind. Shak. A short extract. Spenser. [In law .J A species of writ or precept. Cowel. The writing given the pleaders, containing the case. Swift. Letters pat- ent, giving license to a charitable collection. [In musick.] A measure of quantity, which contains two strokes down in beating time, and as many up. Harris. BRFEFLY, breef-le. ad. Concisely. Bacon. Quick- ly. Sliakspeare. BRFEFNESS, breef -nes. n. s. Conciseness; short- ness. Camden. BRFER §, brl'-ur. 98, 418. n. s. [bjiaeji, Sax.] A plant. Sliakspeare. BRFERY, bri'-ur-re. 555. a. Rough; full of briers. Sherwood. BRFERY*, brl'-ur-re. n. s. A place where briers frow. Huloet. IG, brig. n. s. A bridge. Gibson's Camden. BRIG*, brig. n. s. A light vessel with two masts. BRIGADES, bre-gade'. 117. n. s. [brigade, Fr.] A body of men, consisting of several squadrons of horse, or battalions of foot. Milton. To BRIGA'DE* bre-gade'. v. a. To form into a brigade. BRIGADIER General, brig-i-deer 7 . 275. n. s. An officer who commands a brigade. Ld. Cliesterjield. BRFGAND, brig'-and. n. s. [brigand, Fr.] A rob- ber. Bramhall. BRFGAND AGE*, brlg'-and-adje. n. s. [Fr.] Theft ; plunder. Warburton. BRi'GANDINE, brig'-an-dlne. 150. n. s. A light vessel, formerly used by corsairs or pirates. Spen- ser. A coat of mail. Jeremiah, xlvi. BRl'GANTFNE, brig'4n-tlne. n. s. A light vessel. Otway, 5^= All our orthoepists sound the last i in this word long; and yet my memory fails ms if the stage does not pro- nounce it short ; a pronunciation to which the stage is very prone, a9 Valentine, Cymbeline, &c. are heard on the stage as if written Valentin, Cymbelin, Sec. " You may remember, scarce three years are past, " When in your brigantine you sail'd to see ** The Adriatick wedded by our duke, "And I was with you." Venice Preserved. W. i3RIGHT§, brlte.a. [beophfc, Sax.] Shining; full of light. Milton. Reflecting light. Chapman. Clear. Thomson. Evident. Watts. Resplendent with charms. Parnel. Illuminated with science. Pope. Illustrious. Cotton. To BRFGHTEN, brl'-tn. 103. v. a. To make bright. Dryden. To make luminous. Philips. To make gay. Milton. To make illustrious. Swift. To make acute, or witty. To BRFGHTEN, brl'-tn. v. n. To grow bright. Pope. BRFGHTBURNFNG* brlte'-b&rn-ing. a. Burning brightly. Titus Andronicus. BRI'GHTEYED* brlte'-lde. a. Having bright eyes. Gray. BRFGHTHAIRED*, brite'-hard. a. Having hair of a bright colour. Milton. BRI'GHTHARNESSED*,brlte'-har-nest. a. Hav- ing bright armour. Milton. BRIGHTLY, brke'-le. ad. Splendidly. Pope. BRIGHTNESS, brlte'-nes. n. s. Lustre. Spenser. Acuteness. Prior. BRI'GHTSHINING*, brlte'-shlne-ing. part. a. Shining brightly. Spenser. BRIGO'SE*, bre-gose'. a. Quarrelsome ; conten- tious. Puller. BRIGUES* brig. n. s. [briga, Germ.] Strife ; quar- rel. Chaucer. To BRIGUE* brig. v. a. [briguer,Fr.~] To canvass; to solicit. Hurd. BRFLLIANCY, brlT-yan-se. n. s. Lustre ; splen- dour. BRI'LLIANT$, bril'-yant. 113. a. [brilkmt, Fr.] Shining; sparkling. Dorset. BRFLLIANT, bril'-yant. n. s. A diamond of the finest cut. Dryden. BRFLLIANTLY*, bril'-yant-le. ad. Splendidly. Warton. BRFLLIANTNESS, brll'-yant-nes. n. s. Splen- dour ; lustre. BRILLS, brils. n. s. The hair on the eyelids of a horse. Diet. BRIM §, brim. n. s. [bpimm, Sax.] The edge of any thing. Bacon. The upper edge of any vessel. Crashaw. The top of any liquor. Joshua, iii. The bank of a fountain, river, or the sea. Spenser. BRLV1*, brim. a. [bpyme, Sax.] Publick ; well known. Warner. Ob. T. To BRIM, brim. v. a. To fill to the top. Milfon. To BRIM, brim. v. n. To be full to the brim. Philips. To BRFMFILL*, brW-fil. u. a. To fill to the top CrasJuuc. BRFMFUL, brim'-ful. a. Full to the top. Sidney. BRFMFULNESS, brim'-ful-nes. n. s. Fulness to the top. Shalcspeare. BRI' M LESS*, brim'-les. a. Without an edge or brim. L. Addison. BRIMMER, brim'-mur. n. s. A bowl full to the top Dryden. BRFMMFNG, brim'-ming. a. Full to the brim Druden. BRI'MSTONE§, brim'-st6ne. n. s. [brin or brenstone that is. fiery stone.] Sulphur. BRFMSTONY, brim'-st6-ne. a. Full of brimstone B. Jonson. BRFNDEDS, brin'-ded. a. [bp.ennan, Sax.] Of? brown colour, originally ; thence, of a varied co lour; streaked. Sliakspeare. BRFNDLE, brin'-dl. 405, 359. n. s. The state of be ing brin-ded. Clai-issa. BRFNDLED, brln'-dld. 405. a. Brinded; streaked Addison. BRFNE$, brine, n.s. [bjiyne, Sax.] Water impreg natcd with salt. Bacon. The sea. Shak. Tears BRFNEPFT, brlne'-pit. n. s. Pit of salt water. Shak To BRING §, bring. 408, 409. v. a. [hpin^ an, Sax.] To fetch from. Shak. To convev, or cany to Genesis. To convey in one's own hand ; not to send by another. Dryden. To procure as a cause. Bacon. To reduce ; to recall. Locke. To attract \ t& draw along. Newton. To put into any particu lar state. Locke. To lead by degrees. if Estrange. To recall; to summons. Dryden. To induce; lo prevail upon. Locke. To attend ; to accompany. Sfiak. — To bring about. To bring to pass. Dry- den. To bring forth. To give birth to. Sluik To bring forth. To bring to light. Job, xxxviii To bring in. To place in any condition. Shak To bring in. To reduce. Spenser. To bring in. To afford gain. South. To bring in. To intro duce. Taylor. To bring of. To clear; to at quit. L'Estrange. To bring on. To engage in action. Bacon. To bring on. To produce as an occasional cause. Burnet. To bring over. Tc convert ; to draw to a new party. Swift. To bring out. To exhibit Shak. To bring to pass. Tc effect. Genesis, xli. To bring under. To subdue. Spenser. To bring up. To educate. Sidney To bring up. To introduce to general practice &jy> 155 BRO JBRO Q3= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ,— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— tator. To bring up. To cause to advance. Shak. To bring up. To bring back. Genesis, xlvi. To bring up. To introduce ; to occasion. Numbers, xiv. Bring retains in all its senses the idea of an agent, or cause producing a real or metaphorical motion of something towards something. BR1/NGER, bring'-ur. 409. n s. The person that brings. Shakspeare. BRI NGER-IN*, brlng'-ur-ln. n.s. The person who introduces any thing. Sandys. BRFNGER-UP, brlng'-ur-up. n. s. Instructed As- chum. Bringers-up are the whole last rank of men in a battalion, or the hindmost man in every file. Chambers. BRFNGING /orto*. Production. Sh/ukspeare. BRI'NISH, bri'-nlsh. a. Salt. Slmkspeare. BRFNISHNESS, bri'-nlsh-nes. n. s. Tendency to saltness. BRINK §, brink, n. s. [brink, Danish.] The edge of any place, as of a precipice or a river. Dryden. BRFNY, bri'-ne. a. Salt. Dryden. BRFONY. See Bryony. BRISK §, brisk, a. [brusque, Fr.] Lively. Denham. Powerful ; spirituous. Denham. Vivid 5 bright. Newton. To BRISK*, brisk, v. a. To make brisk. To BRISK UP. v.n. To come up briskly. To BRISK UP*, v.a. To enliven. Killingbeck. BRFSKET, brls'-klt. 99. n. s. [bryced, Welsh.] The breast of an animal. Mortimer. BRFSKLY, brlskMe. ad. Actively; vigorously Boyle. BRFSKNESS, brlsk'-nes. n. s. Liveliness. South. Gayety. Drijdert. BRFSTLE §, brls'-sl. 405, 472. n. s. [bpiftl, Sax.] The stiff hair of swine. Sliakspeare. To BRFSTLE, brls'-sl. v. a. To erect in bristles Shakspeare. TV BRFSTLE, brls'-sl. v.n. To stand erect as bristles. Sliakspeare. To BRFSTLE a Thread. To fix a bristle to it. BRFSTLELIKE*, brls'-sl-llke. a. Stiff as a bristle Mirror for Magistrates. BRFSTLY, brlsMe. a. Thick set with bristles. Ba con. BRFSTOL STONE, brls'-t&l-stone. n. s. A kind of soft diamond found in a rock near the city of Bris- tol. Woodward. BRIT, brlt. n. s. The name of a fish. Careie. To BRITE, or To BRIGHT, brlte. v. n. To be over ripe. BRFTISH §*, brlt'-lsh. a. [Bpyttife, Sax.] What relates to Britain. Milton. Applied to language, it means the Welsh. Ricliards. BRITON*, brlt'-fin. n. s. A native of Britain. Shak. BRFTON*, brlt'-un. a. British. Spenser. BRFTTLE §, brlt'-tl. 405. a. [bpytan, Sax.] Fra- gile. Bacon. BRPTTLELY*, brlt'-tl-le. ad. In a fragile state. Shenvood. BRFTTLENESS,brlt'-tl-nes. n.s. Aptness to break. Ascham. BRIZE §, brlze. n. s. The gad-fly. Spenser. BROACH §, br6tsh. 295. n. s. [bwhe, Fr.] A spit. Bacon. A musical instrument. Diet. To BROACH, br6tsh. v. a. To spit. Shakspeare. To pierce a vessel ; to tap. Crashaw. To open any store. Knolles. To let out any thing. Hudibras. To give out or utter. Raleigh. To BROACH to*. [In naval language.] To turn suddenly to windward. Cluimbers. BRO'ACHER, brotsh'-ur. n.s. A spit. Dryden. An opener, or utterer ; the first author. L 7 Estrange. BROAD §, brawd. 2^5. ad. [bpab, Sax.] Wide. Shak. Large. Locke. Clear; open. Cliapman, Odyssey. Gross ; coarse. Dryden. Obscene ; ful- some. Dryden. Bold ; not delicate. Shakspeare. BROAD as long. Equal upon the whole. U Estrange. BROAD AXE*, brawd'-aks. n.s. [bpab-eex, Sax.] Formerly a military weapon. Spenser. BROAD-BLOWN*, brawd'-bl6ne. part. a. Full blown. Sluxkspeare. BROAD-BREASTED*, brawd'-brest-SU a. Hav- ing a broad breast. Huloet. BROAD-BRIMMED*, brawd'-brlmd. a. Having a broad border, brim, or edge. Toiler. BROAD-CAST*, brawd'-kast. n. s. The method of cultivating corn, turnips, &c. by sowing them with the hand at large. Chambers. BROAD-CLOTH, brawd'-klotfi. n. s. A fine kind of cloth. Swift. BROAD-EYED, brawd'-lde. a. Having a wide survey. Slmkspeare. BROAD-FRONTED*, brawd'-fr&nt-ed. part, a Having a broad front; applied to cattle. Chapman, BROAD-HORNED*, brawd'-h6rnd. a. Having large horns. Huloet. BROAD-LEAVED, brawd'-leevd. a. Having broad leaves. Sandys. To BRO'ADEN, braw'-dn. 103. v. n. To grow bold, Thmnson. BRO'ADISH* brawd' -Ish. a. Rather broad. Russeli. BRO ADLY, brawd'-le. ad. la a broad manner Sir E. Sandys. BROADNESS, brawd'-nes. n. s. Breadth. Bacon. Coarseness. Dryden. BRO^ADPIECE* brawd'-p£ese. n. s. The denomi- nation of one of our gold coins. Snelling. BROAD-SEAL*, brawd'-sele. n. s. The great seal of England. Sheldon. To BROAD-SEAL*, brawd'-sele. v. a. To stamp or sanction with the broad-seal. B. Jonson. BRO'ADSHOULDERED, biiwd'-sl^le-durd. a. Having a large space between the shoulders Di-yden. BRO'ADSIDE, brawd'-slde. n. s. The side of a ship. Waller. The volley of shot fired at once from the side of a ship. Swift. [In printing.] A sheet of paper containing one large page. BROAD-SPREADING*, brawd'-spred-lng..part. a. Spreading widely. Shakspeare. BRO'ADSWORD, brawd'-s6rd. n. s. A cutting sword, with a broad blade. Wiseman. BROADTAILED*, brawdMald. a. Having a broad tail. Sandys. BRO'ADWISE, brawd'-wlze. 140. ad. According to the direction of the breadth. Boyle. BROCA'DE §, br6-kade'. n. s. [broiado, Span.] A silken stuff, variegated with colours of gold or sil ver. Spectator. BROCA'DED, bro-ka'-detl. a. Drest in brocade. Woven in the manner of a brocade. Gay. BROCAGE, or BRO'KAGE, br6'-kldje. 90. n. s. The gain gotten by promoting base bargahis. Spenser. The hire given for any unlawful office. Bacon. The trade of dealing in old things. B. Jonson. The transaction of business for other men. Locke. BRO'CCOLJ, br&k'-ko-le. n. s. [Italian.] A spe- cies of cabbage. Pope. ToBROCHE. See To Broach. BROCK, brok. n. s. [bpoc, Sax.] A badger. Broicn. BROCKET, br&k'-klt. 99. n. s. A red deer, two years old. Knatchbull. BRO'DEKIN* brod'-kln. n. s. [brodequin, Fr.] A buskin, or half-boot. Echard. To BRO'GGLE*, brag'-gl. v. n. To fish for eels. BROGUE, brog. 337. n.s. [brog, Irish.] A kind of a shoe. Shak. A cant word for a corrupt dialect. Farquhar. BROGUE-MAKER*, brog'-ma-kfir. n. s. A maker of brogues. Johnson. To BROID*, br6ld. v. a. To braid or weave to- gether. Chaucer. To BROIDER §, broe'-dur. v. a. [brodir, Fr.] To adorn with figures of needle work. Exodus BROTDERER* brSe'-d&r-ur. n. s. An embroiderer. LIuloet. BROIDERY, br6e'-dur-re. 555. n. s. Embroidery. Tickell. BROIL §, broil, n. s. [brouiller, Fr.] A tumult ; a cniarret Shakspeare. To BROIL §, broil, v.a. [bruler, Fr.] To cook by laying on the coals, or before the fire. L«£e,xxiv.42 156 BRO BRU — 116, move, nor. not; — tube, tftb, bull 5 — oil; — pd&nd j — Hun, this. To BROIL, br6?L v. n. To be in the heat Shak. BRO'lLER*, brde'-lfir. n. s. One who would excite a broil, or quarrel. Hammond. That which dresses by cookery. Sherwood. To BROKE §, broke, v.n. [bjmcan.Sax.] To trans- act business for odiers. Shakspeare. BRO'KEN, bro'-kn. 103. part. pass, of break. BRO'KEN-BELLIED* bnV-kn-bel-lld. a. Having a ruptured belly. Sir M. Sandys. BRO'KEN-MEAT.bro'-kn-meet. Fragments. Swift. BROKENHEARTED, bro'-kn-hlr'-teU a. Having the spirits crushed by grief or fear. Isaiah. BRO'KENLY, bro'-kn-le. ad. Without any regular series. HakewUl. BRO'KENNESS* bro'-kn-nes. n.s. Unevenness. Smith. BROKEN WINDED*, bru^en, Sax.] BU'GLEHORN,bu'-gl-h6rn'. $ A hunting horn. Spenser. Tickell. BU'GLE, bu'-gl. n. s. A shining bead of black glass. Sliakspeare. BU'GLE, bu'-gl. n.s. [bugula, Lat.] A plant. Miller. BU'GLOSS, bu'-glos. n. s. [buglossum, Lat.] The herb ox-tongue. To BUILD s, blld. 341. v. a preter. I built, I have I built; [bylban, Sax.] To make a fabrick, or edi fice. 1 Chron. To raise in any laboured form Spectator. To raise any thing on a support oi foundation. Speiiser. To BUILD, bfld. v. n. To play the architect. Pope To depend on. Hooker. BUI'LDER, bi!d'-ur. y8. n. s. An architect. Sidney BUl'LDING, b'ild'-mg. 410. n. s. A fabrick; an edi I fice. Shakspeare. j BUILT, bilt. n. s. The form; the structure. Dryden I Species of building. Temple. ! BUL*, bul. n. s. The common flounder. Chambers. | BULBS, bfifb. n. s. [bulbus, Lat.] A round body oi root. Evelyn. To BULB out*, v. n. To project. BULBA'CEOUS bul-ba'-shus. a. [Lat.] Bulbous Diet. ' J BU'LBED*, bfil'-bgd. a. Round-headed. Cotzrave. BU'LBOUS.bul'-bus. 314. a. Containing bulbs. Bac. BULGE*, bulje. n. s. A leak, the breach which lets in water. See To Bilge. To BULGE, bulje. v. n. To take in water ; to foun- der. Dryden. To jut out. Moxon. BU'LDIY, biV-le-me. n. s. [/SouAi/ua.] An enormous appetite, attended with fainting, and coklness of the extremities. Did. BULKS, bulk. n. s. [bulcke, Dutch.] Magnitude. Bacon. Size; quantity. South. The gross; the majority. Addison. Main fabrick. Shak. The main part of a ship's cargo. BULK, bulk. n. s. A part of a building jutting out. Shakspeare. BU'LKHEAD, b&lk-hgd'. n. s. A partition made across a ship. Harris. BU'LKINESS, bul'-ke-nSs. n. s. Greatness of size Locke. BU'LKY, bul'-ke. a. Of great size. Dryden. BULLS, bul. 173. n. s. [bulle, Dutch.] "The male of black cattle. Shak. Li the scriptural sense, an ene- my. Psalm, xxii. One of the twelve signs of the zo diack. Thomson. A letter published by popes and emperours. Ay life. A blunder; a contradiction. Milton . A stock-jobber. BULL, in composition, generally notes the large size of any thing, as, hull-head, bull-rush, bull-trout ; and is therefore only an augmentative syllable, without much reference to its original signification BULL-BAITING, bul'-ba-ting. n. s. Trie sport of baiting bulls with dogs. Addison. BULL-BEEF,bul'-beef. n. s. Coarse beef. Shak. BULL-BEGGAR, bul'-bSg-ar. n. s. Something ter- rible; something to fright children with. Sir T. Smith. BULL-CALF, bul'-kaf. n. s. A he-calf. Shakspeare. BULL-DOG, bul'-dog. n. s. A dog of a particular form, remarkable for his courage, used in baiting the bull. Addison. BULL-FACED*, bul'-faste. a. Having a large face. Dryden. BULL-FINCH, bul'-flnsh. n. s. A small bird, that has neither song nor whistle of its own, yet is very- apt to learn. Thomson. BULL-HEAD, bul'-heU n. s. A stupid fellow. The name of a fish; the millers thumb. Walton. A little black water vermin. Philips. BULL-TROUT, bul'-trSut. n. s. A large kind of trout. Walton.. BULL-WEED, bul'-weed. n. s. Knapweed. BULL-WORT, buK-wnrt. } a i . BISHOPS-WEED, bish'-ups-weed. \ n ' s ' A P lant - BU'LLACE, bul'-l?s. 98. n. s. A wild sour plum. Bacon. BU'LLARY*, bul'-a-re. n. s. [bidlarium, Lat.] A collection of Daoistical balls. South. BU'LLET, b&V-lit. 99. n. s. [boulet, Fr.] A rouncj ball of metal, shot out of guns. Svenser. BULLE Tim, bul'-e-tin. n.s. [Fr.] An official ao count of publick news. BU'LLION, bfil'-yun. 113.71 s. [billon, Fr.] Gold ot silver in the lump. Bacon. 159 BUN BUR O 3 559. — Fate, fiir, fall, fal ; — me, mei ; — pine, pin j- J'o BU'LLIRAG*, bul'-le-rag. v. a. [See To Bal- larag.] To insult iii a bullying manner. BU'LLISH* bul'-llsh. a. Partaking of the nature of a bull or blunder. Milton. BU'LLIST*, bui'-list. n.s. [bulliste, Fr.] A writer of papal bulls. Harmar. BULI I'TION, bal-lish'-un. 177. n. s. [buUio, Lat.] The act or state of boiling. Bacon. BU'LLOCK, bul'-luk. 166. n, s. [bulluca, Sax.] A )'oung- bull gelt, or ox. Sliakspeare. BU ; LLY§, bul'-le. n. s. A noisy, blustering, quarrel- nng fellow. Sliakspeare. To BU'LLY, bul'-le. v. a. To overbear with noise or menaces. King. To BU'LLY, bul'-le. v. n. To be noisy. Bramston. BU'LRUSH, buF-rush. n. s. A large rush without knots. Spenser. BU'LRUSHY* bul'-rush-e. a. Made of bulrushes. Hnloet. BU'LTEL*. n. s. [bultellus, low Lat.] The bran of meal after dressing. Oliambers. A bolter-cloth. BU'LWARK§, bul'-wurk. n. s. [hohcercke, Dutch.] What is now called a bastion. Spenser. A fortifi- cation. Hayward. A security. Sliakspeare. To BU'LWARK, bul'-wurk. v. a. To fortify with bulwarks. Addison. BUM§, bum. n. s. [bomme, Dutch.] The buttocks. Shxikspeare. To BUM*, busn. v. n. To make a noise or report. Marston. BUMBA'ILIFF, bfim-baMlf. n. s. [a corruption of bound bailiff.] A bailiff emploved in arrests. Slwk. BU'MBARD, bum'-bard. n. s. [for bombard.} A great gun; a blackjack; a leathern pitcher. Sliakspeare. BU'MBAST, bum'-bast. n. s. See Bombast. BU'MBLEBEE* biW-bl-bee. n. s. The wild bee, or humble bee. BUMBOAT*, biW-bote. n.s. A large, clumsy boat, used in carrying vegetables and liquors. BUMP, bump. n. s. [bomps, Goth.] A swelling ; a protuberance. Sliakspeare. To BUMP, bump. v. n. [bommen, Dutch.] To make a loud noise, or bomb. Dryden. BUMP*, bump. n. s. The mugient noise made by the bittern. Skelton. BUMPER, b&m'-pur. 98. n. s. A cup filled till the liquor swells over the brim. Dryden. BU'MPKIN, bump'-kln. n. s. An awkward, heavy rustick. Dryden. BU'MPKINLY, bumpMdn-le. a. Clownish. Clarissa. BUNCH §, biinsh. 352. n. s. [buncker, Danish.] A hard lump. Isaiah. A cluster. Sliak. A number of things tied together. Spenser. Any thing bound into a knot. Spenser. To BUNCH, bunsh. v n. To swell out in a bunch. Woodward. BU'NCHBACKED, bunsh'-bakt. a. Crookbacked. Sliakspeare. BU'NCHLNESS, bunsh'-e-ngs. n. s. Growing in bunches. Sherwood. BU'NCHY, bun'-she. a. Growing in bunches. Grew. BU'NDLE §, bun'-dl. 405. n. s. [bynble.] A number of things bound together. Hale. A roll. Spectator. To BUNDLE, bun'-dl. v. a. To tie in a bundle. Locke. BUNG §, bung. n. s. [bumg, Welsh.] A stopple for a barrel. Mortimer. To BUNG, bung. v. a. To stop. Kersey. BU'NGHOLE, bung'-hole. n. s. The hole at which the barrel is filled, and which is afterwards stopped up. Sliakspeare. ToBU'NGLES, bfing'-gl. 405. v. re. To perform clumsily. Dryden. To BUN'GLEjbfing'-gl. v. a. To botch. Sliakspeare. BU'NGLE, bung'-gl. n. s. A botch. Ray. BU'NGLER, bungj-glur. n. s. [bwngler, Welsh.] A bad workman. Peacliam. BU'NGLINGLY, bung'-gllng-le. ad. Clumsily. Bent- ley. BUNN, bun. re. s. [bunna, Irish.] A kind of sweet bread. Gay. BUNT, bunt. re. 5. A swelling part. Carew. The middle part of a sail, formed into a bag, that it may receive the more wind. Harris. To BUNT, bunt. v. n. To swell out. BU'NTER, bun'-uir. 98. re. s. A low, vulgar woman. Goldsmith. BU'NTING, bSn'-ting. n. s. The name of a bird. Sliakspeare. BU'NTING, bun'-ung'. re. s. The stuff of which a ship's colours are made. BUOY §, bo6e. 346. n.s. [bouee, Fr.] A piece of cork or wood floating on the water, tied to a weight at the bottom. Sliakspeare. To BUOY, booe. v. a. To keep afloat; to bear up. K. Cliarles. To BUOY, b66e. v. re. To float. Pope. BUO'YANCY, bdoe'-an-se. re. s. The quality of float- ing. Derham. BUOYANT, booe'-ant. a. Floating; light. Dry- den. BUR, BOUR, BOR, [buji, Sax.] An inner chamber. Gibson's Camden. BUR, bSr. re. s. A rough head of a plant, called ? burdock. Sliakspeare. BU'RBOT, bur'-but. 166. re. 5. A fish called the eel pout. Cliambers. BU'RDELAIS, bur-de-la/, re. s. [Bourdelais.] A sok; BU'RdS §, bur'-dn. 103. re. 5. [byjiSen, Sax.] A load. Shak. Something grievous. Milton. A birth. Sliak. The verse repeated in a song; the bob; the chorus. Dryden. The quantity that a ship will carry. A club. Spenser. To BU'RDEN, bftr'-dn. v. a. To load. Ecchis. BU'RDENER, bur'-dn-ur. 98. re. s. A loader. BU'RDENOUS, bur'-dn-us. a. Grievous. Sidney. Useless ; cumbersome. Milton. BU'RDENSOME, bur'-dn-sum. a. Troublesome to be borne. Milton. BU'RDENSOMENESS, bui-Z-dn-sum-nes. re. 5. Weight ; heaviness. BU'RDOCK, biV-dok. re. s. A plant. BUREAU, bu-i-6'. re. s. [Fr.] A chest of drawers with a writing board. Swift. BURG, burg. re. s. See Burgh, and Burro w. BU'RGAGE, bur'-gadje. 90. re. 5. [bourgage, Fr.] A tenure proper to cities and towns, whereby men hold their lands or tenements of the king, or other lore, for a certain vearlv rent. Hale. BU RGAMOT, bfir-ga-mot'. re. s. [bergamotte, Fr.] A species of pear. A kind of perfume. BU'RGANET, or BU^RGONET, bfir'-go-net. re. 5 [buurccinote , Fr.] A kind of helmet. Spenser. BURGEOIS, bOOr'-zhwa. or bur-j6is'. n. s. [bourgeois, Fr.] A citizen; a burgess. Addison. A type of a particular sort, probably so called from him who first used it. To BU'RGEON*. See To Bourgeon. BU'RGEON*, bur'-jun. re. s. [In gardening.] A knot or button put forth by the branch of a tree in the spring. Chambers. BU'RGESS, bur'-jes. re. s. [bourgeois, Fr.] A citi- zen; a freeman of a city or corporate town. Beau- mont and Fletcher. A representative of a town corporate. Wotton. BU'RGESS-SHIP* bur-jes-ship. n. s. The state and quality of a burgess. South. BURGH $, burg. 392. re. s. [bujij 1 , Sax.] A corporate town or borough. Graunt. BU'RGHER, burgz-ur. re. s. [from birgh.] One who has a rigM to certain privileges in a place. BU'RGHERSHIP, bur'-gur-ship. n. s. The privi- lege of a burgher. BUTtGLAR, burgMur. n.s. One guilty of the crime of housebreaking. Ld. Northampton. BURGLARIOUS*, bur-gla'-re-us. a. Relating to housebreaking. Ash. BU'RGLARY?, bur'-gla-re.re.s. [from burg, a house, and larron, a thief.] The robbing of a house. Cowel. BU'RGMASTER. See Burgomaster. 160 BUR BUS -116, mSve, n5r, not ; — tube, tub, bull 5 — oil ; — pound ; — th'm, THis. BU'RGMOTE*, bfirg'-mote. re. s. A borough court. Burke. BU'RGOM ASTER, bur'-gi-ma-stur. re. s. One em- ployed in the government of a city. Addison. BURGRAVE*, bur' -grave. 71. s. [bourg, and grave, Germ, a count.] Aa hereditary govcrnour of a castle or town. Bcuc. BU'RGUNDY*, bur'-giin-de. re. s. Wine made in Burgundy. Thomson. BURH, bur, is a tower; and from that, a defence or Drotection. Gibson. BU RIAL, ber'-re-al. 178. n. s. The act of burying. Sliak. The act of placing any thing under earth or water. Bacon. The church service for fune- rals. Aijliffe. BU RIAL-PLACE* beV-re-al-plase. n. s. A place set apart for burial. Warton. BU'RIER, beV-re-or. n. s. He that buries. Ezek. xxxix. B URINE, bu'-rln. n. s. A graving tool. Govern- ment oft lie Tongue. To BURL §, burl. v. a. To dress cloth as fullers do. BU'RLER*, bfir'-lur. n. s. A dresser of cloth. Dyer. BU'RLACE, b&r'-lase. n.s. A sort of grape. BURLE'SQUE$, bur-lgsk'. 415. a. [burlesque, Fr.] Jocular; tending to raise laughter. Addison. BURLE'SQUE, bur-lesk'. n.s. Ludicrous language, or ideas. Wallis. To BURLE'SQUE, bur-lesk'. v. a. To turn to ridi- cule. GhinriUe. BURLE'SQUER*, bur-lM'-ur. n. s. He who turns a circumstance into ridicule. BURLETTA*, bur-let'-ta. n. s. [from burlare, Ital. to jest.] A musical farce. BU'RLINESS, bur'-le-n§s. n. s. Bulk; bluster. Drayton. BU'RLY §, bur'-le.a. [from boorlike, clownish.] Great of stature; bulky; tumid. Slmk. Replete; full. Drayton. Boisterous ; loud, [borlcn, Teut. to make a noise.] Beaumont. To BURN §, burn. v. a. preterit and participle, burned, or burnt. [bep.nan, bypnan, Sax.] To con- sume with fire. Joshua, vi. To wound with fire. Exodus, xxi. To exert the qualities of heat, by drving or scorching. Dryden. To BURN, burn. v. n. To be on fire. Joel, ii. To shine. Sliak. To be inflamed with passion. Sluxk. To act with destructive violence of passion. Psalm lxxxix. To be in a state of destructive commotion. Pope. It is used particularly of love. Addison. BURN, burn. n. s. A hurt caused by fire. Boyle. BU RNABLE*, burn'4-bl. a. That which may be burnt up ; adustible. Cotgrave. Bl 'RNER, bur'-nur. n. s. A person that burns any thing. Brerint. BU RNET, biV-nlt. 99. n. s. A plant. Sluikspeare. BU RNING, bur'-ning. 410. n.s. Fire; flame; state of inflammation. South. The thing to be burned. Jerem. xxxiv. The act of burning. More. BU'RNING, bur'-nlng. a. Vehement; powerful. Sliakspeare. BURNING-GLASS, bur'-n?ng-glas. n. s. A glass which collects the rays of the sun into a narrow compass, and increases their force. Shalcspeare. To BURNISH^, bur'-n?sh. v. a. [burnir, Fr.] To polish ; to give a gloss to. Sliakspeare. To BU'RNTSH, bur'-n?sh. v. n. To grow bright. Swift. b To BU'RNISH, bur'-nlsh. v. n. To grow; to spread cut. Dryden. BURNISH*, biV-nlsh. n.s. A gloss. Crasliaw. BURNISHER, bfir'-nlsh-ur. n.s. He that burnishes. The tool with which bookbinders give a gloss to the leaves of books. BURNT, burnt, part. pass, of burn. King. BURR*, bur. n. s. The sweetbread. BURR, bur. n. s. The lobe or lap of the ear. Diet. BURREL, bur'-rll. 99. n. s. A sort of pear. Phil- lips. BU'RREL Fly, bur'-rfl-fl]. The oxjly, gadbee, or breese. Diet. BU'RREL Slwt. A sort of caseshot. Harris. BU'RROCK, bfir'-r&k. n. s. A small wear or dam. Phillips. BURROW $, BERG §, BURG §, BURGH §, n. s. A corporate town. Cowel.' The holes made in the ground by conies. Shak. The improper word for barrow, a mount. Sir T. Broicn. To BU'RROW, b&r'-ro. v. n. To make hcles in the ground. Mortimer. BU'RSAR$, bfir'-sur. 88. n. s. [bursarius, Lat.] The treasurer of a college. Potter. Exhibitioners in tiie universities of Scotland. BU'RSARSHIP*, bur'-s&r-shlp. n. s. The office of bursar. Hales. BU'RSARY*, bfir'-sa-re. re. s. The treasury of a col- lege. In Scotland, an exhibition. BURSE, burse, n. s. [bourse, Fr.] An exchange where merchants meet, and shops are kept. Phil- lips. To BURST§, burst, v. n. I burst; 1 have burst, or bursten. [bujrp"can, Sax.] To break, or fly open. Prov. iii. To fly asunder. Shale. To break away. Pope. To come suddenly, or with violence. Shak. To begin an action violently or suddenly. Mi/ton. To BURST, burst, v. a. To break suddenly. Shctk BLRST, burst, n. s. A sudden disruption. Shak. BURST, burst. ? part. a. Diseased BURSTEN, biV-stn. 405, 472 $ with a rupture. Beaumont and Fletclier. BU'RSTENNESS*, bur'-stn-n£s. n. s. A rupture. Shencood. BURSTER* bur^-stur. n. s. A breaker or beater u. pieces. Cota-rave. BU'RSTWORT, bfirst'-wurt. n.s. An herb good against ruptures. Diet. BURT, hurt. n.s. A fish of the turbot kind. BU'RTHEN, bur'-THn. 468. n s ) See Burden To BU'RTHEN, bur'-THn. v. a. \ Drayton. BU'RTON, bur'-tn. n. s. In a ship, a small tackle, consisting of two single pulleys. Phillips. BU'RY, ber'-re. n. s. [bup.£, Sax.] A dwelling- place ; a termination still added to the names of several peaces. Phillips. BU'RY, beV-re. n.s. [corrupted from borough. 1 Grew. BU'RY Peo.r*. [beuree, Fr.] The name of a very tender and delicate pear. Cotgrave. To BU'RY ^ber'-re. 178. v. a. [bijiXan, Sax.] To in- ter; to put into a grave. Shak. To inter, with the rites of sepulture. Shak. To conceal ; to hide. Shak. To place one thing within another. Shak. BL T/ RYING*, beV-re-mg. re. s. Burial. St. John. xii. BU'RYING-PLACE,ber'-re-ing-plase. n.s. A place appointed for sepulture. Judges, xvi. BUSH§,bush. 173. re. s. [busch, Teut.] Athickshrub Spenser. A bough of a tree fixed up at a door, to show that liquors are sold there. Shak. The tail of a fox. Coles. To BUSH, bush. v. n. To grow thick. Milton. BU'SHEL, bush'-fl. 173. n.s. [buschel, old Fr.] A measure containing eight gallons. Shak. A large quantity. Dryden. Bushels, or rather bushes, 0/ a cart-icheel. Irons within the hole of the nave, to preserve it from wearing. Diet. BU'SHELAGE*, bush'-ii-aje. re. s. Duty payable on every bushel of measurable commodities. BU'SHET*, bush'-fr. re. s. A wood. See Busket. BU'SHINESS, bush'-e-n§s. n.s. The quality of being bush) r . BU SHMENT, bush/-m§nt. re. s. A thicket. Raleigh. BU'SHY, biish'-e. a. Thick. Spenser. Thick like a bush. Addison. Full of bushes. Dryden. BU'SILESS, b?z'-ze-les. 178. a. At leisure. Shak. BU'SILY, b?z'-ze-le. ad. With an air of hurry. Curi- ously ; importunately. Dryden. Earnestlv. BUSINESS, biz'-ngs. 178. n.s. Employment. Donne, An affair. Sliak. The subject of business. Dry den. Serious engagement. Addison. Right of action. IJ Estrange. A point; a matter of ques- tion. Bacon. Something to be transacted. Judges, xviii. Something required to be done. Bentley. — To do one's business. To kill, or ruin him. BUSK, busk, re s. [busqve, Fr.] A piece of steel or 161 BUT BUY B7 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mei ;— pine, p?n ;— mg. whalebone, worn by women to strengthen their stays. Donne. BUSK$*, busk. re. 5. [>/s&, Dan.] A bush. Davison. To BUSK, busk. i\ a. To make ready. Fairfax. BUCKET*, bus'-kft. re. s. A sprig or small bush. Spenser. A small compartment of gardens, formed of trees, shrubs, and tall flowering plants, set in quarters, Miller. BU'SKINS, bus'-kfn. re. s. [broseken, Dutch.] A kind of half boot. Sidney. A high shoe worn by the an- cient actors of tragedy. Dry den. BU'SKINED, bus'-kmd. 359. a. Dressed in buskins. Milton. Relating to tragedy. Drayton. BU'SKY, bus'-ke. a. Woody; shaded with woods. Shakspeare. BUSS §, bus. re. s. [basium, Lat.] A kiss. Pope. A boat for fishing, [busse, German.] Temple. To BUSS, bOs. v. a. To kiss. SJiakspeare. BUST, bust. n.s. [busto, Ital.] A statue representing a man to his breast. Addison. BCJ'STARD. bus'-turd. 88. re. s. [bistarde, Fr.] A wild turkey. Hakeioill. To BU'STLE§, bus'-sl. 472. v.n. To be busy. Shale. BU'STLE, biV-sl. re. s. A tumult , hurry. Milton. BU'STLER, bus'-lur. 98. re. s. An active, stirring man. Coicper. BU'STO*. busM6. re. s. [Ital.] A statue. AsJimole. BU'SY§,Wz'-ze. 178. a. [bypi, by r i£, Sax.] E ployed with earnestness. Shakspeare. Bustlii SJiakspeare. Troublesome. Knolles. To BU'SY, blz'-ze. v. a. To employ. Spenser. BU'SYBODY, blz'-ze-bod-de. re. s. A meddling per- son. Bp. Taylor. BUT§, but. conjunct, [bute, Sax.] Except. Bacon. Except that. Slmk. Yet ; nevertheless. Bacon. Now. Bp. Bramhall. Than. Guardian. Without this consequence that. Dry den. Otherwise than that. Hooker. If it were not. Shak. However ; howbeit. Dryden. That. Dryden. A particle by which the meaning of the foregoing sentence is bounded or restrained ; only. Dryden. A particle of objection. Slmk. A particle of addition. Un- less Spenser. — But for ; had not this been. Wal- ler. But if; unless. Obsolete. Spenser. BUT*, bat. prep, [butan, Sax.] Without; except. Smith, BUT*, but. ad. No more than. Shakspeare. BUT*, but. inter] . An exclamation of surprise. Adam Smith. BUT$, but. n.s. [but, Celt.] A boundary. Holder. BUT, but. re..?. The end ofany plank which joins to another on the outside of a ship. Harris. To BUT*, but. v. a. [buter, old Fr.] To touch at the one end. Cotgrave. To utter an exception. Beau- mont and. Fletcher. BUT-END, but'-end'. re. *. The blunt end of any thing. Clarendon. BUTCHERS, but'-tshur. 175. re. s. [boucher, Fr.] One that kills animals to sell their flesh. Sidney. One delighted with blood. Locke. To BUTCHER, but'-tshur. v. a. To kill ; to mur- der. SJiakspeare. BUTCHER-BIRD, but'-tshur-burd. re. s. The Eng- lish name of the bird lanius. Cluxrnbers. BUTCHER-ROW*, but'-tshur-rd. re. s. The row of shambles. Whitlock. BATCHERS-BROOM, but'-tshurz-broSm. re. s. Kneeholly. Miller. BUTCHERL1NESS, but'-tshur-le-nes. re. s. A bru- tal manner. BUTCHERLY, but'-tshur-le. a. Cruel; bloody. AscJiam. BUTCHERY, but'-tshur-re. re. s. The trade of a butcher. Pope. Murder. SJiakspeare. The place where animals are killed. SJmkspeare. BUTLERS, bul'-lfir. 98. re.s. [bouteiller, Fr.] A servant employed in furnishing the table. Swift. BUTLERAGE, but'-lur-aje. re. s. The duly upon wine imported, claimed by the king's butler. Ba- con. BU'TLERSHIP, but'-lur-sh- ochymy ,• and this last accentuation I have adopted for reasons given under the word cachezy — which see. W. CACODE'MON*, kak-b-de'-mon. n. s. [kukos and oat/iwv.] An evil spirit. Sir T. Herbert. CACOEBHES*, kak-o-e'-Z/iez. n. s. [tca/co^Oaa.] In medicine, an incurable ulcer; generally, a bad cus- tom ; a bad habit. CACO'GRAPHY*, ka-kog'-ra-fe. n.s. Bad spelling. CACOTHONY, ka-kof-6-ne. 518. n.s. [ K aKo v ia.] A bad sound of words. Pope. | To CACU MINATE, ka-kiV-me-nate. v. a. [cacumi- no, Lat.lTo make sharp or pyramidal. Diet. \CADA / T / ER* } ki-da. , -\^r. n. s. [Lat.] A corpse. Ocvies. CADAVEROUS, ka-dav'-e-rus. a. Having the ap- pearance of a dead body. Brown. CABDIS, kad'-dis. n. s. A kind of tape or ribbon. Sliak. A kind of worm found in straw. Walton. CABDOW*, kad / -d6. n. s. A chough, or jackdaw Ray. CADE, kade. a. [cadeler, Fr.] Tame; soft ; delicate. SJieldon. To CADE, ka.de. v. a. To breed up in softness. CADE, ka.de. n. s. [cadus, Lat.] A barrel. Shakspeare. CADE-WORM, kade'-wurm. n. s. The same with caddis. CABENCE §, ka'-dense. ) n. s. [cadence, Fr.] Fall. CABENCY, ka'-den-se. \ Milton. The fall of the voice. Bacon. The flow of verses, or periods. Dryden. The tone or sound. Milton. [In horseman- ship." in Farrier's Diet. [In heraldry.] The distinction ol houses or families. To CABENCE*, ka'-dense. v. a. To regulate by musical measure. A. Smith. CABENT, ka'-dent. a. Falling down. Sliakspeare. CADENZA*, ka-den'-za. n. s. [Ital.] The fall or modulation of the voice in singing. CADET, ka-deY. n. s. [cadet, Fr.] The younger brother. Sir G. Buck. The youngest brother. Brown. A volunteer in the army, who serves im expectation of a commission. Swinburne. CABEW, ka'-du. n. s. A straw worm. Diet. To CADGE §*, k£dje. v. a. [from cadge, or cage, " pannierj To carry a burthen. Ray. CABGER, ke^-jfir. n. s. A huckster. Grose. 03= This word is only used by the vulgar in London, where it is not applied to any particular profession or employment, but nearly in the same sense as cur- mudgeon, and is corruptly pronounced as if written codger. W. CA'DI, ka/-de. n. s. A magistrate among the Turks Lord Lyttleton. CADl'LLACK, ka-dil'-lak. n. s. A sort of pear. I CADU'CEUSt, ka-diV-she-us. 505. n.s. The rod ,Lat.] To grow hot. Brown. To CALEFY, kal'-e-fl. v. a. To make warm. Bul- lokar. CALENDAR $, kaV-^n-dfir. 88. n. s. [calendarium. Lat.] A register of the year, in which the months and stated times are marked, as festivals and holi- da} r s. Shakspeare. To CALENDAR*, kal'-en-dur. v. a. To enter in a calendar. Whitlock. To CALENDER §, kal'-en-d&r. v. a. [calendrer ,Fr.] To dress cloth. CALENDER, kal'-en-dur. 98. n. s. A hot press, in which clothiers smooth their cloth. The workman who manages the machine. Cowper. CALENDER*, or KALENDER* kal'-en-dfir. n.s. The name of a sort of dervises in Turkey and Per- sia. Sir T. Her beii.. CALENDERER, kal'-en-d&r-fir. n. s. The person who calenders. CALENDS, kal'^ndz. n. s. [calendce, Lat.] The first day of everv month among the Romans. 165 CAL CAL U* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mgt ;— pine, pin ;- CALENTURE, kal'-en-tshure. 461. n.s. [caleo, Lat.] A distemper peculiar to sailors, in hot climates ; wherein they imagine the sea to be green fields. Quincy. CALF,kaf.401,78. n. s. [cealp, calp, Sax.] The young of a cow. Bacon. Calves of the lips, men- tioned by Hosea, signify sacrifices of praise and prayers. Hosea. A dolt ; a stupid wretch. Dray- ton. The thick part of the leg. Suckling. CALFLIKE*, kaf-like.u. Resembling a calf. Sliak. CA LIBER, kal'-e-bfir. n. s. [calibre, Fr.] The bore of a gun. Reid. $Cr" W Sheridan accents this word on the second sylla- ble, and gives the i the sound of double e, like the French ; but Johnson, Kenrick, Ash, Buchanan, Perry, and Entick, consider the word as perfectly anglicised, and place the accent on the first syllable, as I have done W. C A' LIBRE*, kal'-e-bfir. n. s. A sort or kind ; a fig- urative meaning of the preceding word. Burke. C ALICE, kal'-lk n. s. See Chalice. Taylor. CALICO, kal'-e-k6. n.s. [from Calicut in India.] A stuff made of cotton. Addison. CALICO-PRINTER*, kal'-e-ko-prmt'-ur. n. s. The manufacturer of punted linens. Toiler. CALID, kalMd. a. [calidus, Lat.] Hot. CALFDITY, ka-lid'-de-te. 511. n. s. Heat. Brown. CALIDUCT* kal'-e-dukt. n. s. That which conveys heat ; a stove. Evelyn. CALIF, ) ka'-llf. n. s. [klmlifa, Arab.] A title as- CALIPH, 3 sumed by the successors of Mahomet among the Saracens. Sir T. Herbert. CALIGA'TION, kal-le-ffa'-shun. n.s. [caligo, Lat.] Darkness 5 cloudiness. Brown. CALFGrNOUS^ka-lMje'-e-nus. a. Obscure; dim. Hallywell. CALFGINOUSNESS, ka-tfdje'-e-nfis-nes. n. s. Darkness ; obscurity. CALIGRAPHY, ka-tfg'-ra-fe. n.s. [Kahypafia.] Beautiful writing. Pndeaux. CALIPA'SH*, kal-e-pash'. ? n. s. Terms of cookery CALIPEE*, kal-e-pee'. \ in dressing a turtle. CALIPERS. See Callipers. CALIPHATE* kal'-e-fate. n. s. The government of the caliph. Harris. CALIPHSHIP*, ka'-lff-shlp. n. s. The office of the caliph. CALlVER, kal'-e-vxir. n. s. [from caliber.'] A hand- gun ; a harquebuse. Shakspeare. CA'LIX. ka'-Hks. n. s. [Lat.] A cup. To CALK §, kawk. v. a. [catage, Fr.] To stop the leaks o f a ship. Raleigh. CALKER, kaw'-k&r. n. s. The workman that stops the leaks of a ship. Ezekiel. CALKIN*, kawk'-m. n. s. A part prominent from a horse-shoe, to secure the horse from falling. Ash. CALKING-IRON* kawk'-ing-l-urn. n. s. A chisel used in calking a ship. Dryden. To CALL 5, kawl. 77. v. a. [calo, Lat.] To name. Gen. To summon. Slwk. To convoke. Shak. To summon judicially. Clarendon. To summon by command. Isaiah. In the theological sense, to inspire with ardours of piety. Rom. To invoke. 2 Cor. To appeal to. Clarendon. To proclaim. Gay. To excite. Cowley. To stigmatize with some opprobrious name. Swift. — To call back. To revoke. Isaiah. To call for. To demand. Shak. To call in. To resume money at interest. Addison. To call. in. To resume any thing that is in other hands. Locke. To call in. To summon together ; to invite. Shak. To call over. To read aloud a list or muster-roil. To call out. To challenge. Dryden. To CALL, kawl. v. n. To stop without intention of staying. To make a short visit. B. Jonson. To cation. To solicit for a favour or a debt. Shak. To call on. To repeat solemnly. Dryden. To call upon. To implore. Psalm i. CALL, kawl. n. s. A vocal address of summons. Milton. Requisition authoritative and publick. Hooker. Divine vocation. Milton. A summons from heaven. Roscommon. Authority; command. Denham. A demand. Addison. An instrument I to call birds. Wilkins. A sort of pipe used by the boatswain to summon the sailors. Calling ; voca tion. Dryden. A nomination. Bacon. — Call of the House. In parliamentary language, to discover what members are absent without leave. CALLER*, kawlMur. n, s. He who calls. Slwrwood. CALLET §, kal'-l&. n. s. A trull, or a scold. Sketton, To CALLET*, kal'-iet. v. n. To rail; to scold. Brathwait. CALLICO*. See Calico CALLFDITY*, kal-lid'-e-t£. n.s. [calliditas,!^.] Craftiness. Cockeram. CALLIGRAPHY* See Caligraphy. B. Jonson. CALLIGRA'PHICK*. kal-le-graf-lk. a. Relating to beautiful writing. Warton. CALLING, kawl'-ling. n. s. Vocation ; profession. Sou>h. Proper station or employment. Swift. Class of persons united by the same employment. Hammond. Divine vocation. 2 Peter, i. Appella- tion. Shakspeare. CALLIPERS, kal'-le-pfirz. 98. n.s. [qualibre, Fr.] Compasses with bowed shanks. Moxon. CALLOSITY, kal-kV-se-te. n. s. [callosUe, Fr.] A kind of swelling without pain. Arbuthnot. CALLOT*. See Calotte. CALLOUS $, kalMus. a. [callus, Lat.] Indurated; hardened. Wiseman. Insensible. Dryden. CALLOUSLY* kalMfis-le.ucUn a hardened man- ner. CALLOUSNESS, kal'-los-nes. n. s. Hardness. Cheyne. Insensibility. Bentley. CALLOW, kal'-ld. a. [calo, calu, Sax.] Unfledged ; naked. Milton. CALLUS, kalMus. n.s. [Lat.] An induration of the fibres. The hard substance by which broken bones are united. CALM §, kam. 80. [See No. 79. in the note.] a. [calme, Fr.] Quiet ; serene. Spenser. Undisturbed. Beau- mont and Fletcher. CALM, kam. n. s. Serenity. Raleigh. Quiet ; repose. South. To CALM, kam. v. a. To still. Dnjden. To pacify. Atterbnry. CALMER, kam'-iir. 403. n.s. That which has the power of giving quiet, Walton. CALMLY, kam'-le. ad. Serenely. Bacon. Without passion. Prior. CALMNESS, kam'-n£s. n.s. Tranquillity. Denlwcm. Mildness. Sliakspcare. CALMY, kW-e. a. Calm. Cowley. CALOMEL, kal'-c-mel. n.s. [calomelas, Lat.] Mer- cury six times sublimed. Wiseman. CALORFFICK, kal-6-r'if-ik. a. [calorijiais, Lat.] Heating - . Grew. CALOTTE, kal-l&t'. n.s. [Fr.] A cap or coif. worn as an ecclesiastical ornament in France. B. Jonson. CALOYERS, kal'-lo-yurz. n.s. [raXoj.] Monks of the Greek church. Madden. CALTROP, kal'-trop. ) n. s. [colfcpaeppe, Sax.] CALTHROP, kiY-throp. $ An instrument made with four spikes, so that when thrown on the ground one of them points upright, to wound horses' feet. Blount. A plant, the fruit of which is armed with strong prickles. Miller. To CALIPMNIATE §, ka-hW-ne-ate. 91. v.n. To accuse falsely. Shakspeare. To CALUMNIATE, ka-hW-ne-ate. v. a. To slan- der. Bp. Patnck. C ALUMNI A'TION, kalum-ne-a'-shfin. n.s. A ma- licious and false representation. Ayliffe. CALUMNIATOR, ka-lunV-ne-a-tur. 521. n. s. A slanderer. Abp. Ushei'. CALU'MNIATORY*, ka-lfim'-ne-a-vur-e. a. False. Mountagu. CALUMNIOUS, ka-lftm'-ne-us. a. Slanderous. CALU'MNIOUSLY*. ka-hW-ne-us-le. ad. In a slanderous manner. Mountagu. CALU'MNIOUSNESS*, ka-lum'-ne-fls-nes. n. * Slanderous accusation. Bp. Morton. CALUMNY §, kal'-um-ne. n.s. [ealumnia, Lat.] Slander; false charge. Sluxkspeare. 166 CAM CAN -no, m6vc, n6r, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 6'il ; — p6und 5 — thin, "mis. To CALVE, kav. 78. v.n. [ealpian, Sax.] To bring a calf. Dryden. Metaphorically, to bring forth. Shakspeare. To CA'LVER*, kav'-iir. v. a. To cut in slices. B. Jonson. To CA'LVER*, kav'-fir. v. n. To shrink by cutting, and not fall to pieces. Cotton. CA'LVES-SNOUT, kavz'-sn6ut. A plant. Snap- dragon. CALVTLLE, kal-vn'. re. s. [Fr.] A sort of apple. CA'LVINISM*, kal'-ve-nizm. re. s. The doctrine of Calvin. Dean Martin. CA'LVINIST*, kal'-ve-nlst. re. s. He who holds the doctrine of Calvin. Burnet. CALVINI'STICAL* kal-ve-nfst'-e-kal. \ a. Relating CALVINI'STICK*, kal-ve-nlst'-ik. 5 to Calvin- ism. Warton. CA'LVISH*, k&v'-lsh. a. Like a calf. Sheldon. CA LVITY* kal'-ve-te. re. s. Baldness. Cockemm. CALX, kaiks. n. s. [Lat.] Anything that is reduced to powder bv burning. Diglnj. CA'LYCLE, kal'-e-kl. 405. n. s. [calyculus, Lat..] A small bud of a plant. Diet. CALZO'ONS*, kal-zoonz'. n. s. [colz&nes, Span.] Drawers. Sir T. Herbert. CAMA'IEU, ka-ma/-y3d. re. s. [camaieu, Fr.] A stone with various figures and representations of land- scapes, formed by nature. Darwin. CA'MBER, kam'-bur. n. s. A piece of timber cut arching. Moxon. CAMBERING, kam'-bfir-mg. a. Arched. CA'MBIST*, kam'-bist. re. s. [cambio, Lat.] A per- son skilled in exchanges. Kelley. CA'MBLET*. See Camelot. CA'MBRICK, kame'-brfk. 542. re. 5. [Cambray, a city in Flanders.] A kind of fine linen, used for ruffles, &c. Shakspeare. CAME, kame. The preterit of To come. Addison. CA'MEL, kanV-el. 99. n.s. [camelus, Lat.] An animal very common in Arabia, Judea, and the neighbour- ing countries. Thomson. CA'MEL-BACKED*, kam'-el-bakt. a. Having a back like a camel. Fuller. CA'MELOPARD, ka-mel'-lo-pard. re. s. An Abys- sinian animal, which has a neck and head like a camel, and is spotted like a pard. Trevoux. CAMELOT, ) kam'-let. 99. n.s. Oa^Awr//.] A stuff CA'MLET, £ originally made of silk and camel's hair, but now with wool and silk. Brown. Hair cloth. Dryden. CA'MLETTED*, kamM§t-ed. a. Coloured, or vein- ed. Sir T. Herbert. C AIMER A OBSC URA, kam'-e-ra-6b-skiV-ra. n.s. [Lat.] An optical machine used in a darkened chamber, so that, the light coming only through a double convex glass, objects opposite are repre- sented inverted upon any white matter placed in the focus of the glass. Martin. CA/MERADE. n. s. [camerade, Fr ; ] One that lodges in the same chamber. Rymer. Now comrade. To CA'MERATE* kam'-ur-ate. v. a. [camero, Lat.] To ceil or vault. Cockeram. CA'MERATED, kam'-er-a-ted. a. Arched. Coles. CAMERA'TION, kam-er-a'-shun. ?i.s. A vaulting or arching. CA'MIS*, ka'-mfs. n. s. [camise, Ital.] A thin, trans- parent dress. CAMISA'DO, kam-e-sa'-do. 77. n.s. [camisa, Ital.] An attack made by soldiers in the dark ; on which occasion they put their shirts outward, to be seen by each other. Hatjward. CA'MISATED, kam'-e-sa-tgd. a. Dressed with the shirt outward. CA'MLET. See Camelot. CA'MMOCK, kam'-mttk. n.s. [cammoc, Sax.] An herb. Petty whin. CA'MOMILE, kam'-6-nnle. 148. n.s. [^a^Ao*.] A flower. Drayton. CA'MOUS§, ka'-mus. )a. fcamus, Fr.] Flat; level ; CAMO'YS^ka-mois'.J depressed: only used of the nose. Brown. CA 'MOUSED*, ka'-must.^arta. Crooked. B.Jons. CA'MOUSLY* ka'-mus-le. ad. Awrv. Skelton. CAMP §, kamp. re. s. [campus, Lat.] The order of tents, placed by armies when they keep the field. Shakspewe. To CAMP, kamp. v. a. To encamp. Shak. To fix tents. To CAMP*, kamp. v. re. To pitch a camp. Exod. xix. CAMP-FIGHT, kamp'-flte. re. s. An old word foi combat. Hakewill. CAMPATGN §, kam-pane'. 385. ) re. s. [campaigne, CA31PA'NIA, kaxn-pb'-uk-A. $ *>.] A lar £ e > open, level ground. Temple. The time for which an army keeps the field. Clarendon. To CAMPAIGN*, kam-pane''. v. re. To serve in a campaign. Sir R. Musgrave. CAMPAIGNER*, kam-pane'-ur. re. s. He who serves throughout a campaign. CAMPA/NA* kam-pa'-na. re. s. [Lat.] The pasque- flower. CAMPANULA*, kam-pan'-u-la. re. s. [Lat.] The bell-flower. CAMPANO'LOGY*, kam-pa-nol'^-je. re. s. [cam pana. Lat.l The art of ringing bells. CAMPA'NlFORM,kam-pan'-n£-f8rm. a. Flowers in the shaDe of a bell. Harris. CAMPA ; NULATE, kam-pan'-u-late. a. Campani form. CAMPE'STRAL, kam-pes'-tral.a. [campestris, Lat.] Growing in fields. Mortimer. CAMPE'STRIAN*, kam-pesMre-an. a. Relating to the field. CA'MPHlRE.kam'-flr. 140. n.s. A kind of resin pro- duced by a chymical process from the camphire- tree. CA'MPHIRE-TREE, kam'-flr-tre. re. s. [camfora, Lat.] A tree which grows in the isle of Borneo, and in Japan. Miller. To CAMPHIRE*, kam'-flr. v. a. To impregnate or wash with camphire. Tourneur. CA'MPHORATE, kamMo-rate. 91. )a. Impreg CAMPHORATED*, kam'-fo-ra-ted. \ nated wiih camphire. Boyle. CA'MPING*, kamp'-fng. re. s. The act of playing at foot-ball. Bryant. CA'MPION^ kam'-pe-un. 166. re. s. A plant. CA'MUS, ka'-mus. re. s. [camisa, Lat.] A thin dress Spenser. CAN*. Used for gan, or began, in old poetry. CAN, kan. re. s. [canne, Sax.] A cup. Shakspeare. TbCAN§, kan. v. re. [cunnan, Sax.] To be able. Bacon. It expresses the potential mood ; as, 1 can do it. Dryden. To CAN*, kan. v. a. To know. Spenser. CANAILLE, ka-nale'. re. s. [Fr.] The lowest peo pie ; the dregs of the people. Burke. CA'NAKPN*, Mn'-a-kln. re. 5. A small cup. Shak. CANA'L, ka-naF. re. s. [canalis, Lat.] A basin of water in a garden. Pope. Any tract or course of water made by art. Thomson. A conduit through which any of the juices of the body flow. CA'NAL-COAL. [This word is corrupted into keV-nil-kole. H 7 .] re. s. A fine kind of coal, dug up in England. Woodward. CANALFCULATED, kan-a-tfk'-u-la-ted. a. Made like fi pipe or gutter. CAN A'RY §, ka-na'-re. re.s. [from the Canary islands.] Wine brought from the Canaries; sack. Shak. An old dance. Shakspeare. To CANA'RY, ka-na'-re. v. re. To dance ; to frolick. Shakspeare. CAN A'RY-BIRD, ka-na'-re-burd. re. s. An excellent singing bird. Carew. To CA/NCEL§, kan'-su. 99. v. a. [canceller, Fr.] To cross a writing. Jus. Sig illi, p. 8. To efface ; to obliterate in general. Spenser. To CA'NCEL*, kan'-sfl. v. re. To become obliterated. Coicley. CANCELLATED, ldW-sel-la-teU part. a. Cross- barred. Greio's Museum. CANCELLATION, kan-sel-la'-shun. re. s. An ex- pungingof the contents of an instrument. Avliffe. CA'NCER§. kan'-sur. 98. re. 5. [cancer, Lat.l A crab. J67 CAN CAN = 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met ; — pine, pin ; — fish. The sign of the summer solstice. Thomson. A virulent swelling-, or sore. Wiseman. To CANCERATEVkan'-sfir-rate. 91. ». n. To be- come a cancer. U Estrange. CANCER A'TION, kan-sur-ra'-shun. n. s. A grow- ing cancerous. CANCEROUS, kan'-sur-rus. a. Having the quali- ties of a cancer. Wiseman. CANCEROUSNESS, kan'-sur-rus-nes. n.s. The state of being cancerous. CANCR1FORM*, kau'-kre-form. a. The same as cancerous. CANCRINE, kang'-krh. 140, 408. a. Having the qualities of a crab. CANDENT, kan'-dent. a. [candens, Lat.] Hot. Brmvn. CA'NDICANT, kan'-de-kant. a. [candicans, Lat.] Growing white-, whitish. Vict. CANDID i>, kan'-dld. a. [candidus, Lat.] White. Dryden. Free from malice; not desirous to find faults; fair; open; ingenuous. Locke. CANDIDATE, kan'-de-date. n. s. [candidatus, Lat.] A competitor ; one that proposes himself for ad- vancement. Addison. To CA'NDID ATE*, kan'-de-date. v. a. To render fit as a candidate. Feltham. CANDIDLY, kan' ; dld-le. ad. Fairly. CANDIDNESS, kan'-did-nes. n. s. Ingenuousness. South. To CANDIFY, kan'-de-fl. v. a. To whiten. Diet. CANDLE §, kan'-dl. 405. n. s. [candela, Lat.] A light made of wax or tallow. Bacon. Light, or luminary. Shakspeare. CANDLEBERRY TREE, kan'-dl-ber-re-tre. A species of the sweet willow. CANDLEHOLDER, kan'-dl-hold-ur. n. s. He that holds the candle. Shafcspeare. CANDLELIGHT, kan'-dl-llte. n. s. The light of a candle, Hooker. The necessary candles tor use. Molineux. CANDLEMAS, kan'-dl-mus. 88. n.s. [canbel- mceyye, Sax.] The feast of the purification of the Blessed Virgin, which was formerly celebrated with many lights in churches. Gay. CANDLESTICK, kan'-dl-stlk. n.s. The instru- ment that holds candles. Bacon. CANDLESTUFF, kan'-dl-stuf. n. s. Any thing of which candles may be made. Bacon. CANDLE WASTER, kan'-dl-was-tur. n. s. A spend- thrift, or drunkard. Shakspeare. CANDLES-ENDS*, kan'-dlz-endz. n.s. A contemp- tuous term for scraps or fragments. Beaum.andFl. CANDOCK, kan'-dok. n. s. A weed that grows in rivers. Walton. CANDOUR, kan'-dftr. 314. n.s. [candor, Lat.] Sweetness of temper ; ingenuousness. Walts. To CANDY §, kan'-de. v. a. To conserve with sugar. Bacon. To form into congelations. ShaJc. To in- crust with congelations. Drayton. To CANDY, kan'-de. v. n. To grow congealed. CANDY Lion's foot. A plant. Miller. CANDY Tuft tree*. A plant. Chambers. CANE?, kane. n. s. [Kdwa and Kavvv-] A walking staff. Herbert. Harvey. The plant which yields the sugar. Chambers. Blackmore. A lance ; a dart made of cane. Drijden. A reed. Mortimer. To CANE, kane. v. a. To beat with a cane. CANFCULAR, ka-iuV-u-lar. a. Belonging to the dog-star. Brcwn. DA'NICULE*, kan'-e-kule. n.s. [caniada, Lat.] The dog-star; and, figuratively, the dog-days. Addison. vANlNE, ka-nlne'. a. [caninus, Lat.] Having the properties of a dog. Addison. Canine appetite. That which cannot be satisfied. Arhuthnot. CANISTER, kan'-is-t&r. 98. n.s. [Lat.] A small basket Dryden. A small vessel in which tea or coffee is laid up. CANKER §, kang'-kur. 409. n.s. [cancer, Lat.] A worm that preys upon fruits. Spenser. A fly that preys upon fruits. Walton. Any thing that corrupts or consumes. Bacon. The dog-rose. Shakspeare. An eating or corroding humour. Shak. Corrosion; virulence. Shakspeare. A disease in trees. Eve- lyn. To CANKER, kang'-kfir. v.n. To grow corrupt, Spenser. To decay by corrosion. Bacon. To CANKER, kang'-kur. v a. To corrupt ; to cor- rode. Herbert. To infect 5 to pollute. Addison. CAN KERB JT, kang'-kur-b'ft. particip. a. Bitten with an envenomed tooth. Shakspeare. CANKERED*, kang'-kurd. a. [cancre, old Fr.J Crabbed; uncivil. Spenser. CANKEREDLY*, kang'-kar-ed-le. ad Crossly, adverse! v. Mirror for Magistrates. CANKERLIKE*, kang'-kur-like. a. Destructive as a canker. Mirror for Magistrates. CANKEROUS* kang'-kur-fis. a. Corroding like a canker. Tliomson. CANKERY*. kang'-kfir-re. a. Rusty. Wogan. CANNABINE, kan'-na-blne. 149. a. [cannabimts , Lat.] Hempen. Diet. ANNIBAL«,kan'-ne- CANNIBAL $,kan'-ne-bal. n.s. Aman-eater. Bacon CANNIBALISM*, kan'-ne-bal-'izm. n.s. The char- acter of a cannibal. Burke. CANNIBALLY, kan'-ne-bal-le. ad. In the manner of a cannibal. Sliakspeure. CANNIPERS, kan'-ne-purz. n.s. See Callipers. CANNON $, kan'-nun. 166. n.s. [cannon, Fr.] A great gun for battery. Shak. A gun larger than can be managed by the hand. Wilkins. CANNON-BALL, kan'-nfin-bawl'. } CANNON-BULLET, kan'-nfin-bulMel. J. n. s, CANNON-SHOT, kan'-nun-shot'. ) The balls which are shot from great guns. Wise- man. CANNON-PROOF*, kan'-nun-pr66f. n.s. Proof against cannon ; safe from cannon. Beaumont and Fletcher. CANNONING*, kan'-nun-mg. n.s. The noise as it were of a cannon. Brewer. To CANNON A'DE, kan-n&n-nade'. v.a. To batter or attack with great guns. Toiler. CANNONE'EI-C kan-nun-neer'. 275. n.s. The en- gineer that manages the cannon. Shakspeare. To CANNONE'ER*, kan'-nun-neer. v. a. To fire upon with cannon. Burke. CANNOT, kan ; -n6t. A word compounded of can and not, noting inability. Locke. CANO'A, ) I* 22/ {n.s. A boat made by cutting CANO'E, \ Krln "" 00 • j the trunk of a tree into a hollow vessel. Raleigh. CANON $, kan'-on. 166. n.s. [/cavwv.] A rule; a law. Hooker. The laws made by ecclesiastical councils. Ay fife. The received books of Holy Scripture. Ayliffe. A dignitary in cathedral churches. Bacon. Canons regular. Such as are placed in monasteries. Ayliffe. Canons secular. Such as were placed in collegiate churches. Wee- ver. An instrument used in sewing up wounds. A large sort of printing letter. [In musick.] The name of a composition, in which the parts follow each other. CANON-BIT, kan'-fin-bft. n, s. That part of the bit let into the horse's mouth. Spenser. CANONESS, kan'-un-nes. n. s. In popish countries, women living after the example 01 secular canons. Ai/li/Je. CANONICAL, ka-n&n'-e-kal. a. According to the canon. Constituting the canon. Hooker. Raleigh, Regular; stated. Bp. Taylor. Spiritual; ecclesi- astical. Ayliffe. CANON1CALLY, ka-n&n'-e-kal-le. ad. In a man- ner agreeable to the canon. Ticisden. CANONICALNESS, ka-non'-e-kal-nes. n. s. The quality of being canonical. Barrow. CANONICALS*, ka-non'-e-kalz. n.s. The full dress of a clergyman. CANONICATE*, ka-n6n'-e-kate. n. s. The office of a canon. Berington, CANON1CK, ka-noiV-ik. a. Canonical. CANONIST, kan'-n&n-nist. 166. n.s. A man versed in the ecclesiastical laws. Camden. CANON FSTICK*, kan'-fin-ls'-tik. a. With die knowledge of a canonist. Milton, 168 CAN CAP -116, m&ve, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound ;— tlr.n, this. CANONIZA'TION, kan-u6-ne-za'-shun. n. s. The act of declaring any man a saint; tlie state of be- ing sainted, Hall. Addison. To CA'NONIZE, kan'-no-nlze. v. a. [canonizer,Fv.~\ To declare any man a saint. CA'NONRY, kan'-ciii-re. ) n. s. A benefice in CA'NONSHIP. kan'-on-shlp. $ some cathedral or collegiate church. Ai/lifte. CANOPIED, kan'-o-pid\ 282. a. Covered with a canopy. Shakspeare. CA'NOPY§, kan'-6-pe. n. s. [Kuvwrre'tov.] A cover- ing- of state over a throne or bed. Spenser. To CA'NOPY, kan'-6-pe. v. a. To cover with a can- opy. Shakspeare. CANO'ROUS, ka-n6'-rus. 512. a. [canorus, Lat.] Musical. Brown, CANO'ROUSNESS*, ka-no'-rus-nes. n. s. Musical- ness. Scott. CANT§, kant. n. s. [cantus, Lat.] A corrupt dialect used by beggars and vagabonds. A form of speak- ing peculiar to some class of men. Dryden. A whining pretension to goodness in affected terms. Dryden. Barbarous jargon. Auction, [incanto, Ital.] Swift CANT*, kant. n.s. [kant, Dutch.] An angle; a cor- ner. B. Jonson. To CANT, kant. v. n. To talk in the jargon of par- ticular professions, or in any kind of affected lan- guage. Glanv.ille. To CANT*, kant. v. a. To sell by auction. Swift. To bid a price at an auction. Swift. CANTA'TA,kfa-ik'-\&. 77. n.s. [Ital.] A song, intermixed with recitatives and airs. CANTE'EN*, kan-teen'. n. s. A vessel of tin, used for carrying liquors to supply soldiers in camp. Chambers. CANTA'TION, kan-ta'-shfin. n. s. [canto, Lat.] The act of singing. Cockeram. CA'NTER, kan'-t&r. n. s. A term of reproach for hypocrites. B. Jonson. CA'NTER*, kan'-tur. n.s. An abbreviation of Can- terbury. See Canterbury Gallop. Sampson. To CARTER*, kan'-tur. v. n. To gallop easily or gently. CANTERBURY BELLS. See Belflower. CANTERBURY GALLOP, kan'-tur-ber-re-ga!'- l&p. n. s. The gallop of a horse, commonly called a canter ; said to be derived from the pilgrims riding -0 Canterbury on easy ambling horses. CANTERBURY TALE*, kan'-l&r-ber-re-tale. n.s. Any fabulous narrative, adopted from the Canter- burn Tales of Chaucer. CANTHA RIDES, kan-tfmr'-e-dez. n.s. plural. [KavOaolg.] Spanish flies. Bacon. CA'NTHUS, kan'-tfifis. n. s. [Lat.] The corner of the eye. Quincy. CA'NTICLE, kan'-te-kl. n.s. [canto, Lat.] A song. Bacon. A division of a poem ; a canto. Sjienser. CANTILEVERS, kdn-te-liv'-urz. n. s. Pieces of wood framed into the front or sides of a house, to sustain the moulding over it. Moxon. CA'NTINGLY*, kant'-mg-le. ad. In a canting man- ner. Trial of Mr. Whitfield's Spirit. CA'NTION, kan'-shfin. 71. s. Song; verses. Spenser. Oh. J. CA'NTLE§, kan'-tl. n.s. [kant, Dutch.] A fragment; a portion. Slcel(o?i. Shakspeare. To CA'NTLE, kan'-tl. v. a. To cut in pieces. Dry- den. CA'NTLET, kant'-let. n. s. A piece. Dryden. CA'NTO, kan'-to. n. s. [Ital.] A book, or section, of a poem. The treble part of a musical composi- tion. CA'NTON^kaV-tan. n. s. [contain, old Fr.] A small parcel of iand. Davies. A small community, or clan. Bacon. [In heraldry.] The canton is that which occupies onlv a corner of the shield. To CA'NTON, kan'-tfin. v. a. To divide into little parts. Locke. To CA'NTONIZE, kan'-tun-lze. v. a. To parcel out into small divisions. Davies. CANTO'NMEN'l * kan-tun-meut. n.s. [Fr.] That distinct situation, which soldiers occupy, when quartered in different parts of a town. Burke. CA'NTRED, kdn'-tii'd. n. s. A hundred. Da- lies. CA'NTY*, kan'-te. a. Cheerful ; talkative. CA'NVASS§, kan'-vas. n.s. [cannabis, Lat.] A kind of linen cloth for sails, painting cloths, tents. Sid- rwy. The act of sifting voices, previously to voting : [from canvass, as it signifies a sieve.] Bacon. To CA'NVASS, kan'-vas. v. n. To sift ; to examine Shakspeare. To debate. VEstrange. To CA'NVASS, kan'-vas. v. n. To solicit votes. Bacon. CA'NVASS-CLIMBER*, kan'-vas-kll-mur. v. s He who climbs the mast to furl or unfurl the sail or canvass. Shakspeare. CA'NVASSER*, kan'-vas-ur. n.s. He who solicits votes. Burke. CA'NY, ka'-ne. a. Full of canes. Consisting of ca nes Milton. CA/NZONET, kan-z6.net'. n. s. [canzonetta, Ital.] A little song. Peacham. CAP§, kap. n. s. [cap, Welsh.] The garment that cov ers the head. Shak. The ensign of the cardinalate. Shale. Th.e topmost. Shak. A reverence made by uncovering the head. Shak. A vessel made like a cap. Wilkins. — Cap of a great gun. A piece of lead laid over the touch-hole, to preserve the prime. Cap of maintenance. One of the regalia carried before the king at the coronation. To CAP, kap. v. a. To cover on the top. Derham. To deprive of the cap. Spenser. — To cap verses To name alternately verses beginning with a par- ticular letter ; to name alternately in contest. Dry- den. Hudibras. To CAP*, kap. v. n. To uncover the head, by way of salutation. Shakspeare. CAP ape. I .* <. *, { [Fr.] From head to foot ; CAP a pie. $ ka P-a-P e ■ j all over. Shakspeare. CAP-PAPER, kap'-pa-pur. n. s. A sort of coarse brownish paper. Boyle. CAPABILITY, ka-pa-bfr'-e-te. n. s. Capacity. Shakspeare. CA'PABLE§,ka'-pa-bl. [SeeLvcAPiBLE.] a. [Fr.] Sufficient to contain. Locke. En .oied with suffi- cient powers. Bacon. Intelligent. Sliak. Intel- lect. tally capacious. Digby. Sus-.eptible. Prior. Qualified for ; without any natural impediment. 'Tillotson. Qualified for; without legal impedi- ment. Shak. Hollow. Not in use. Shak. CA'PABLENESS, ka'-pa-bl-nes. n. s. The quality ble. Killingbcck. pas'-e-fl. v. a. To qualify. or state of being capable. Killingbcck To CAPA'CIFY*, ka-pas'-e-f Barron; CAPA'CIOUS§,ka-pa'-sh6.s. a. [capax, Lat.] Wide, large. Thomson. Extensive. CAPA'CIOUSLY*, ka-pa'-shus-le. ad. In a wide or capacious manner. CAPACIOUSNESS, ka-pa(-shus-n§s. n.s. The power of holding or receiving. Holder. To CAPA'CiTATE, ka-pas'-e-tate. v. a. To make capable. Dryden. CAPACITA'TION*, ka-pas-e-uV-sh&n. n. s. Capa bility. CAPA'CITY, ka-pis'-e-te. 511. n. s. The power of holding or containing. Shak. Room; space. Boyle. The power of the mind. Hooker. Power • ability. Blackmore. Slate ; condition. South. CAPARISON §, ka-par'-e-stm. 170, 443. n. s. [ca paraxon, Span.] A cover for a horse, spread over his furniture. Milton. To CAPA'RISON, ka-par'-e-sun. v. a. To dress in caparisons. Dryden. To dress pompously. Shale. CA'PCASE*, kap'-kase. n. s. A covered case. Bur- ton. CAPE6, kape. n. s. [cape, Fr.] Headland ; promon- tory. Shak. The neck-piece of a cloak. Bacon. CA'PER §, ka'-pvir. 98. n. s. [caper, Lat.] A goat ; 9 leap; a jump. Shakspeare. CA'PER, ka'-pur. n. s. [/cd-rapi?.] An acid pk&le. Floyer. 169 CAP CAP O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin : CAPER-BUSH, ka'-pur-bush. n. s. The plant on which the caper grows. Miller. CAPER-CUTTING*, ka'-pur-kiV-tlng. a. Danc- ing in a frolicksome manner. Beaum. and Fletcher. To CATER, ka'-p&r. v. n. To dance frolicksomely. Sluxk. To skip for merriment. Sliak. To dance. Rowe. CATERER, ka'-pur-r&r. 555. n. s. A dancer. Dryd. CAPIAS, ka'-pe-us. 88. n. s. [Lat.] A writ of two sorts, one before judgement, the other of execution after judgement. Cowel. CAPILLACEOUS,kap-pil-la'-shus. a. Capillary. CAPILLAFRE*, kap-pfMare'. n. s. [Fr.] A syrop extracted from maidenhair. CAFFLLAMENT, ka-pil'-la-ment. n.s. [capillamen- tum, Lat.] Small threads or hairs which grow up in the middle of a flower. Bp. Berkeley. CAPILLARY §, kap'-pil-la-re. [See Papillary.] a. [capillus, Lat.] Resembling hairs ; small ; mi- nute. Quincy. Applied to vessels of the body. Small : as the ramifications of the arteries. Ar- buthnot. CAPILLARY*, kap'-pfl-la-re. n. s. A small plant; or a small blood vessel. Bp. Berkeley. CAPILLATION, kap-pil-la'-shun. n. s. A blood vessel like a hair. Brown. CAPITALS, kap'-e-tal. 88. a. [capitalis, Lat.] Re- lating to the head. Milton. Criminal. Shak. That which affects life. Bacon. Chief; principal. Spen- ser. Metropolitan. Milton. Applied to letters : large ; such as are written at the beginnings or heads of books. Bp. Taylor. Capital stock. The principal or original stock of a trader, or company. CATITAL, kap'-e-tai. n. s. The upper part of a pil- lar. Addison. The chief city of a natbn. Boswell. The stock with which a tradesman enters upon business. A large letter. CAPITALIST*, kap'-e-tal-lst. n. s. He who possesses a capital fund. Burke. CAPITALLY, kap y -e-tal-le. ad. In a capital man- ner. Bp. Patrick. CA PIT ALNESS*, kap'-e-tal-nes. n. s. A capital of- fence. Sherwood. C APITA'TION, kap-e-ta'-shun. n. s. Numeration by heads. Brown. Taxation on each individual. Guthrie, CAPITE, kap'-e-te. n. s. A tenure which holdeth immediately of the king. Cowel. CATITOL*, kap'-e-t&l. n. s. [capitolium., Lat] The temple of Jupiter Capitolinus at Rome. Sliak. CAPFTULAR§, ka-pftsh'-u-lar. 88, 463. n.s. [capit- vlum, Lat.] The statutes of a chapter. Bp. Taylor A member of a chapter. Ayliffe. CAPFTUL ARL Y*, ka-pnW-u-lar-le. ad. In the form of an ecclesiastical chapter. Swift. CAPFTULARY*, ka-pltsh'-u-la-re. a. Relating to the chapter of a cathedral. Warton. ToCAPFTULATE^ka-push'-u-late. 91. v.n. To draw up in heads or articles ; to confederate. Shak. To yield on certain stipulations. Hayward. CAPITULATION, ka-pltsh-u-la'-shun. n.s. Stipu- lation. Hale. Reduction into heads. Instructions for Oratory. CAPFTULATOR* ka-pltsh'-vVla-tur. n. s. He who capitulates. Sherwood. CAPITULE*, kap'-e-tule. n.s. A summary. Wic- liffe. Ob. T. CA'PFVI TREE, ka-pe'-ve-tre. n.s. [copaiba,^.] A tree which grows in the Spanish West Indies, yielding a balsam. Miller. CA PNOMANCY*, kap'-ni-man-se. n.s. [raiwis and ^ivreiai] Divination by the flying of smoke. Spen- ser. To CAPO'CH, ka-poStsh'. v. a. Uncertain, perhaps to strip off the hood. Hudibras. CAPON, ka'-pn. 405, 170. n. s. [capun, Sax.] A castrated cock. Gay. To CATON*, ka'-pn. v. a. To castrate ; as, to cas- trate a cock. Birch. CAPONNIERE, kap-p&n-neer'. n .s. [Fr.] A cov- ered lodgement, of about four or five feet broad, encompassed with a little parapet. Han-is. CAPO'T, ka-p&t'. n.s. [Fr.] Iswhenone party win* all the tricks of cards at the game of piquet. CAPOUCH, ka-p66tsh'. n.s. {capuce, Fr.J Amonk'# hood. Shelton. CATPER, kap'-pur. n. s. One who makes or sells caps. Ricaut. CAPRE'OLATE,ka-pre'-6-late. a. [capreolus, Lat.] Such plants as turn, wind, and creep along the ground, by means of their tendrils. Harris. CAPRFCE §, ka-preese', or kap'-reese. } n. s. [ca- CAPRICHIO, ka-pre'-tshe-i. $ price, Fr.] Freak; fancy. Sliakspeare. 05= The first manner of pronouncing this word [caprice] is the most established ; but the second does not want its patrons. Thus Dr. Young, in his Love of Fame i " 'Tis true great fortunes some great men confer ; " But often, ev'n in doing right, they err : " From caprice, not from choice, their favours come ; " They give, but think it toil to know to whom." W CAPRFCIOUS, ka-prlsh'-us. a. Whimsical ; fanci- ful. Sliakspeare. CAPRFCIOUSLY, ka-pr?sh'-us-le. ad. Whimsical- lv. B. Jonson. CAPRFCIOUSNESS, ka-pr?sh'-us-nes. n.s. Ca- price, whimsicalness. Swift. CATR1CORN, kap'-pre-korn. n. s. [Lat.] One of the signs of the zodiack ; the winter solstice. Notes to Creech's Manilius. CAPRIFICATION*, kap-re-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. A method of ripening the fruits of fig-trees. Bruce. CAPRIFOLE*,kap'-re-fole. n.s. [caprifolium,hat.] Woodbine. Spenser. CAPRIO'LE, kap-re-ole'. n. s. [Fr.] Caprioles are leaps, such as a horse makes in one and the same place, without advancing forwards. A dance. Sir J. Danes. CATSICUM*, kap'-se-kfim. n.s. Guinea pepper. Chambers. CA'PSTAN, kap'-stan. n. s. [cabestan, Fr.] A cylin- der, to wind up any great weight. Raleigh. CA'PSULE*, kap'-shule. 452. n. s. [capsula, Lat.] A cell in plants for the reception of seeds. Burke. CAPSULAR, kap'-shu-lar. 452. ) a. Hollow like a CATSULARY, kap'-shu-lar-e. ) chest. Brown. CAPSULATE, kap'-shu-late. ) a. Enclosed, CATSULATED, kap'-shu-la-ted. $ or in a box. Brown. CAPTAIN*, kap'-tln. 208. n.s. [capilain, Fr.] A chief commander. Josh. v. The chief of any num- ber of men. Numbers, ii, A man skilled in war. The commander of a company in a regiment. Sliak. The chief commander of a ship. Arbuthnot. — Captain General. The commander in chief. Sluxk. Captain Lieutenant. The commanding officer of the colonel's troop in every regiment. CATTAIN*, kap'-tm. a. Chief; valiant. Shafc. CA'PTAINRY, kap'-tm-re. n.s. The chieftainship . Spenser. CAPTAINSHIP, kap'-t?n-sh?p. n. s. The post of a chief commander. Shak. The post of a captain. Wotlon. The chieftainship of a clan. Davies. CAPTATION, kap-uV-shun.ra. s. [captation, old Fr.] Courtship ; flattery. King Charles. CAPTION, kdp'-shun. n. s. [capio, Lat.] The act of taking any person by a judicial process, by some trick or cavil. Chillingworth. CAPTIOUS §, kap'-sh&s. 314. a. [captiosus, Lat.] Given to cavils. Locke. Insidious ; ensnaring Bacon. CAPTIOUSLY, kap'-sh&s-le. ad. In a captious manner. Locke. CAPTIOUSNESS, kap'-shfis-nes. n. s. Inclination to find fault. Abp. Cranmer. To CATTTVATE, kap'-te-vate. v. a. [captivo, Lat ] To take prisoner. Sluxk. To charm. Addison. To enslave. Locke. CATTIVATE*, kap'-te-vate. a. Made Drisoner. Sliakspeare. CAPTIVA'TION, kap-te-va/-shun. n. s. The ac* of taking one captive. Bp. Hall. CATTIVE $, kap'-llv. 140. n. s. One taken in war Sliakspeare One charmed by beauty. Shakspure 170 CAR CAR -n6, move, n6r, n5t; — tube, tab, bull;— 6?1; — pSund; — thm, THis. CATTLE, kap'-tiv. a. Made prisoner. Dryd&t. To CA'PTIVE, kap'-tk. v. a. To lake prisoner. Spenser. CAPTIVITY, kap-tfv'-e-te. n. s. Subjection by the late of war. Shakspeare. Slavery. Hooker. CA'PTOR, kap'-tur. 166. n. s. He that takes a pris- oner or a prize. CA'PTURE, kap'-tshure. 461. n. s. The act of tak- ing- any thing. The thing taken ; a prize. To CA'PTURE*, kap'-tshure. v. a. To take as a prize. CAPUCCIO*, ka-pS5t'-tshe-6. n. s. [Ital.] A cap- uchin or hood. Spenser. CAPUCHED, ka-pootsht'. a. [capuce,Fr.] Cover- ed over as with a hood. Brown. CAPUCHI'N*, kap-u-sheen'. 112. n. s. A female garment, consisting of a cloak and hood. A pigeon, whose head is covered with feathers. CAPUCHFN, kap-u-sheen'. n. s. [from the capuchon, or cowl, with which they covered their heads.] One of the order of St. Francis. Harmar. CAR, CHAR, in the names of places, seem to have relation to the British caer, a city. Gibson's Cam- den. CAR, kar. 78. n. s. [cnsefc, Sax.] A small carriage of burden. Swift. A chariot of war, or triumph. Shak. The Charles's wain, or Bear ; a constella- tion. Dryden. CA RABINE, or CA'RBINE, kar-blne'. n. s. [cara- bine, Fr.] A small sort of fire-arm, between the pistol and the musket. He who is armed with a carbine. Kyd. 0^p Dr. Ash, Bailey, W. Johnston, Entick, and Buchan- an, accent carabine on the last syllable, and Dr. John- son and Mr. Perry on the first ; while Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Buchanan, Dr. Johnson, and Bailey, accent car- bine on the first ; but Mr. Scott, Entick, Ferry, and Kenrick, more properly on the last. The reason is, that if we accent carbine on the first syllable, the last ought, according to analogy, to have the i short : but as the i is always long, the accent ought to be on the last syllable. 140. W. CARABINEER, kar-be-neer'. n. s. A sort of light horse carrying carabines. Cluimbers. C A' RACK, kar'-ak. n. s. [car oca, Span.] A large ship of burden. Raleigh. CA'RACGLE, kar'-a-kole. n. s. [caracole, Fr.] An oblique tread, traced out in semi-rounds. Fan-ier's Did. To CA'RACOLE, kar^a-kole. v. n. To move in CA'RAT, " ) , d , .. (n.s. [carat, Fr.] A weight of CA'RACT, \ kar * at - } four grains. Sir T. Herbert. A manner of expressing the fineness of gold. An ounce is divided into twenty-four caracts, and each caract into four grains : if to the finest of gold be put two caracts of alloy, both making, when cold, but an ounce, or twenty-four caracts, then this gold is said to be twenty-two caracts fine. Cocker. TThe value of anv thing. B.Jonson. OARAVA N $, kar-a-vin'. 524. n. s. [Arabick.] A iroop of merchants or pilgrims, as they travel in the east. Milton. CARAVA'NSARY, kar-a-yan'-sa-re. n. s. A house built in the eastern countries for travellers. Spect. CA'RAVEL, kar'4-vel. ) n. s. [caravela, Span.] A CA'RVEL, kar'-vel S kind of ship, with a square poop, formerly^ used in Spain. Robertson. CA'RAWAY, kar'-a-wa. u. s. [carum, Lat.] A plant. Miller. CA'RBON*, klr'-b&n. n. s. [carbo, Lat.] [In chym- istry.] A simple body, black, sonorous, and brittle; obtained from various substances, generally by volatilizing their other constituent parts. Parkinson. CARBONACEOUS*, kar-bA-na'-shos. a. Contain- ing carbon. Kirwan. CARBONATW, kar-b6-na'-d6. 92, 77. n. s. [car- konade, Fr.] Meat cut across to be broiled upon the coals. ShaJcspeare. To CARBONA'DO, kar-b6-na'-d6. [See Lumba- go.] v. a. To cut, or hack. Shakspeare. CARBO'NICK*, kar-b&nMk. a. Relating to carbon. Kirwan. CARBUNCLES, kar'-bungk-kl. 405. n. s. [carbun cuius, Lat.] A jewel shining in the dark. Sliak. A round, hard, and painful tumour, which soon mortifies. Bacon. CA'RBUNCLED, kar'-btingk-kld. 362. a. Set with carbuncles. Shak. Spotted; deformed with car- buncles. CARBU'NCULAR, kar-bung'-ku-lur. a. Belonging to a carbuncle. CARBUNCULA'TION, kar-bfing-ku-la'-shun. n. s The blasting of young buds of trees or plants. Harris. CA'RCANET, kar'-ka-net. n. s. [carcan, Fr.] A chain or collar of jewels. Slmkspeare. | CA'RCASS, kar'-kas. 92. n. s. [carcasse, Fr.] A | dead body of any animal. Spenser. Body ; in a I ludicrous sense. Shak. The decayed parts of any I thing. Shak. The main parts, naked, without I completion. Hale. [In gunnery.] A kind of bomb. I Harris. I CA'RCELAGE, kai^-se-lldje. 90. n. s. [career, Lat.] I Prison fees. Diet. | CA'RCERAL*, kar'-se-ral. a. Belonging to a prison. CARCINOMA, kar-se-n6'-ma. n. s. [ K ap K 7vog.] A particular ulcer ; also a disorder in the horny coat of the eye. Quincy. CARCINOMATOUS, kar-se-nrW-a-tus. a. Can- cerous. CARD §, kard. 92. n. s. [carte, Fr.] A paper paint- ed with figures, used in games of chance. Shak. The paper on which the winds are marked for the mariner's compass. Spenser. The instrument with which wool is combed. To CARD, kard. v. a. To comb. Dryden. To mingle together. Bacon. To disentangle. Slielton To CARD, kard. v. n. To game. CARD-TABLE*, kard'-la-bl. n. s. The table appro- priated to those who pla}' at cards. Bp. Berkeley. CA'RD AMINE*, kar' -da-mine. 148. n. s. [Kap6a r hr].] The plant ladv's-smock. CARDAMO'MJJM. [This word is commonly pro nounced kar'-da-mum. W.] n. s. [/cao^ajuw/zov.] A medicinal seed, of the aromatick kind, brought from the EaJt Indies. Chambers. CA'RDER, kar'-dur. 98. n. s. One that cards woo?. Sliak. One that plays much at cards. Wolton. CARDI'ACAL, kar-dl'-a-kal. )a. [KapSia.] Cordial CA'RDIACK, kar'-de-ak. $ Bp. Berkeley. CA RDIALGY, kaV-de-al-je. n. s. The heart-burn. Quincy. CARDINALS, ka^-de-nal. 88. a. [cardinalis, Lat.] Principal ; chief. Brown. CA'RDINAL, kar'-de-nal. n. s. One of the chief governours of the Romish church. Shak. The name of a woman's cloak ; red or scarlet, such as cardi nals wear. CARDINAL'S FLOWER, n. s. A flower. Miller. CA'RDINALATE, kar'-de-na-late. ; n. s. The of- CA'RDINALSHIP, kar' de-nal-ship. $ fice of a cardinal. Bp. Hall. T^CA'RDINALIZE*, kV-de-nal-lze. v. a. To make a cardinal. Shelda^. CA RDING*, kard'-lng. n. s. The act of playing at cards. CARDIOTD*, kar-de-Sid 7 . n. s. An algebraick curve, so called from its resemblance to a heart. Chambers. CA'RDMAKER, kard'-ma-kur. n. s. A maker of cards. Shakspeare. CA'RDMATCH, kard'-matsh. n. s. A match made by dipping pieces of card in melted sulphur. Ad- dison. CARDO'ON* kar-doSn'. n. s. [cardo, Span.] A species of wild artichoke. Chambers. CA'RD UUS BENEDICT US, kar'-du-us-ben-k dlk'-tus. n. s. The herb called blessed thistle. Shakspeare. CARE§, kare. n. s. [cap, cap.e, SaxJ Solicitude. Dryden. Caution. Shak. Regard. Tillotson. The object of care. Shakspeare. To CARE, kare. v. n. To be anxious. Sidney. To be inclined. Waller. To be affected with. Shak 171 CAR CAR IP* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, mel j— pine, pin 5- CARE-CRAZED, kare'-krazd. 359. a. Broken with care. Shakspeare. CARE-DEFYING*, kare'-de-f l 7 -lng. a. Bidding de- fiance to care. Shenstone. CARE-TUNED*, kare'-tund. a. Tuned by care 5 mou rnful . Shakspeare. CARE-WOUNDED*, kare'-w5ond-ed. [See Wound.] a.^ Wounded with care. Maij. CA 7 RECT*, kiir'-e'kt. n.s. Acharrn. See Charact. To CARE'EN, ka-reen 7 . v. a. [cariner, Fr.] To lay a vessel on one side, in order to refit or trim the other side. Chambers. To CARE'EN, ka-reen 7 . v.n. To be in the state of careening 1 . CARE'ER§, ka-reer 7 . n. s. [carriere, Fr.] The ground on which a race is run. Sidney. A course ; a race. Shale. Height of speed. Wilkins. Course of action. Shakspeare. To CAREER, ka-reer 7 . v. n. To run with swift motion. Milton. CA'REFUL, kaxe'-ful. a. Anxious. Spense?'. Provi- dent. 2 Kings. Watchful. Ray. Subject to per- turbations. Sliakspearc. CAREFULLY, kare'-ful-le. ad. In a manner that shows care. Collier. Heedfully. Sliakspeare. Prov- idently ; cautiously. CA'REFULNESS, kareMul-nes. n. s. Vigilance. Entiles. n ■ CA'RELESS, kare'-les. a. Having no care. Spen- ser. Cheerful ; undisturbed. Pope. Unheeded 5 thoughtless. Pope. Unmoved by. Beaum. and Fl. Contrived without art. Bp. Taylor. CARELESSLY, kare'-les-le. ad. Negligently. Spenser. CARELESSNESS, kare'-les-nes. n. s. Heedless- ness. Shakspeare. CA'RENTANE*, n. s. [quarantaim, Fr.] A papal indulgence, multiplying the remission of penance by forties. Bp. Taylor. To CARE'SS §, ka-res 7 . v. a [caresser, Fr.] To en- An act of endearment. dear ; to fondle. South CARE'SS, ka-res 7 . n. Milton. CARET, ka'-ret. n. s. [Lat.] A nofr> which shows where somethingjnterlined should be read. CA'RGASON, kar'-ga-son. n. s. [cargacon, Span.] A cargo. Howell. CA'RGO, kar 7 -g6. n. s. [cargue, Fr.] The lading of a ship. Burnet. CARlATIDESt, ka-re-at'-e-dez. See Cary- atides. CARICATU'RE §* kar-ik-a-ture 7 . 461. n. s. [ca- ricalura, Ital.] A ridiculous representation of a person or circumstance, without loss of the resem- blance. Brown. To C ARIC ATU'RE*, kar-ik-a-ture 7 . v. a. To rid- icule. Lord Lvtt.eU.on. CARICATURIST*, kar-?k-a-tu 7 -r?st. 463. n. s. He who caricatures persons or things. CA 7 RICOUS Tumour, kar'-e-kus-tiV-mur. [carica, Lat.] A swelling in the form of a fig. CA'RIES, ka/-re-iz. 99. n. s. [Lat.] That rottenness which is peculiar to a bone. Wiseman. CARINATED Leaf*, [carina, Lat.] A leaf, of which the back resembles the keel of a ship. Chambers. CARIO'SITY, ka-re-6s 7 -e-le. n. s. Rottenness. Wiseman. CARIOUS, ka 7 -re-fis. 314. a. Rotten. Wiseman. CARK, kark. n. s [cape, Sax.] Care; anxiety. Sidney. Ob. J. To CARK, kark. v.n. To be careful. Sidney. CA 7 RK1NG*, kark 7 -!ng. n.s. Care anxiety. Decay of Piety. CARLE, karl. n. s. [ceopl, Sax.] A mean, rude, rough, brutal man. Spenser. CARLE, karl. n. s. A kind of hemp. Tusser. To CARLE*, karl. v. n. To act like a carle. Bur- ion. CA'RLINE THISTLE. kar-Une-f/nV-sl. n. s. {car- Una, LatJ A plant. Miller. CA'RLINGS, kar'-hngz. n. s. Timbers of a ship on which the ledges rest, and the planks of the deck are made fast. Harris. CA'RLISH*, karMlsh. a. Churlish ; rude Marriage of Sir Gawaine. CA 7 RLISHNESS* ; kar 7 -lish-nes. n. s. Churlishness. Hidoet. CARLOT*, kar'-lfit. n. s. A countryman. Shah. CA 7 RMAN, kar 7 -man. 88. n. s. A man who drives cars. Gay. CARME*, karm. ) n. s. [from CA 7 RMELITE*, kar 7 -me-llte. 156. $ Mount Cur- mel.~\ A Carmelite or white friar. Chaucer. CA'RMELIN*, kar 7 -me-lln. ) a. Belonging to the CARMELITE, kar'-me-llte. £ order of Carmel- ites. Weever. CARMELITE, kar 7 -me-llte. n. s. A sort of pear. CARMLNATIVE,kar-mm 7 -a-tiv. 157. n.s. [supposed to be so called, as having the power of a charm.] Medicines to dispel wind. Arbuthnot. CA'RMINE, kar-mlne 7 . n. s. A bright red or crim- son colour, used by painters. Chambers. OUT Dr. Johnson, Sheridan, Ash, and Smith, accent this word on the first syllable ; but. Mr. Nares, Dr. Kenrick Mr. Scott, Perry, Buchanan, and Entick, more prope*.y on the last : — for the reason, see Carbine. W. CA'RNAGE, kar 7 -n?dje. 90. n. s. [carnage, Fr.] Slaughter. Haywara. Heaps of flesh. Milton. CA 7 RNAL§, kar'-nal. 88. a. [carnalis, low Lat.], Fleshly; not spiritual. Milton. Lustful. Shak. CARNAL-MINDED*, kar 7 -nal-mlnd 7 -eU a. World- ly-minded. More. CARNAL-MINDEDNESS*,kai'-nal-mhid 7 -gd-nes. n.s. Crossness of mind. Ellis. CA'RNALIST* kar^-nal-lst. n. s. One given to car- nality. Burton. CARNAL1TE*, kar 7 -nal-lte. n. s. A worldly-mind- ed man. Anderson. CARNALITY, kar-nal 7 -e-te. n. s. Fleshly lust Feltham. Grossness of mind. Milton. To CARNALIZE*, kar'-nal-ize. v. a. To debase to carnality. Scott. CA 7 RN ALLY, kar 7 -nal-le. ad. According to the flesh. Hooker. Libidinously. Levit. xviii. CARNATION, kar-na'-shtm. n s. The name of the natural flesh colour; the name of a flower. CARNATIONED*, kar-na'-shfind. a. Coloured like the carnation. Lovelace. CARNE 7 L10N, kar-nele 7 -yan. 113. n. s. A precious stone. Woodward. CARNEOUS, kar 7 -ne-fis. a. Fleshy. CA'RNEY*, kar'-ne. n. s. A disease in horses, wherein their mouths become so furred that they cannot, eat. Cha?nbers. CARNIF1CAT10N*, kar-ne-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. The making of. or turning to, flesh. Chambers. To CARNIFY, kar'-ne-fl. v. n. To breed flesh Hale. CA RNIVAL, kar 7 -ne-val. n. s. [carnavale, Ital.] The feast held in the popish countries before Lent Decay of Piety. CARNFVOROUS, kar-n?v 7 -v6-r6s. 518. a. [carats and voro, Lat.] Flesh-eating Ray. CARNO'SITY, kar-nos'-se-te, n. s. "Fleshy excres- cence. Beaumont and Fletcher. CA'RNOUS, kar'-nus. 314. a. Fleshy. Brmcn. CAROB. [or St. John's Bread.] ka'-rob. A tree very common in Spain. Miller. CARO'CHE, ka-r6tsh 7 . n. s. [carrozza, Ital. I A coach, a carriage of pleasure. Burton. Ob. J. CATtOCHED*. kk-rCyteW.part.a. Placed in a coach. Beahniont and Fletcher. CAROL §, kar'-rul. 166. n. s. [carola, Ital.] A song of joy and exultation. Spenser. A song of devotion. Shakspeare. A song in general. Shakspeare. To CAROL, kar'-rul. v. n. To sing ; to warble. Spenser. To CAROL, kaV-rul. Milton. CAROLING*, kar 7 -r&l-mg. n of devotion. Spenser. 172 To celebrate in song. A hymn or song CAR CAR — no, mOve, nor, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ;— oil 5 — p65nd ; — linn, Tiris. CA'ROTID, ka-rot'-td. a. Two arteries, which arise out of the ascending' trunk of the aorta. Ray. CARO'TIDAL*. ka-rot'-e-dal. a. Carotid. Smith. CAROUSAL, ka-r6u/-zal. 88. n. s. A festival. Dryden. To CARO'USE $, ka-rdfiz'. v. n. [carousser, Fr.] To drink ; to quaff. Shakspeare. To CAROUSE, ka-rduz'. v. a. To drink lavishly. Shakspeare. CARO'USE. ka-rS&z'. n. s. A drinking match. Pope. A hearty dose of liquor. Davies. CARO'USER, ka-rd&'-z&r. 98. n. s. A drinker. Granville. CARP, karp. n. s. [carpe, Fr.] A pond fish. Hale. To CARP §, karp. v. n. [carpo, Lat.] To censure ; to cavil. Chancer. To CARP*, karp. v. a. To blame. Abp. Cranmer. CA'RPENTER, kar'-pen-tur. 98. n. s. [cliarpenticr, Fr.] An artificer in wood j a builder of houses, and ships. Fairfax. CA'RPENTRY, kar'-pen-tre. n. s. The trade or art of a carpenter. Moxon. CA'RPER. kar'-pur. 98. n. s. A caviller. Shak. CA'RPET§, kar'-pit. 99. n. s. [karpet, Dutch.] A cov- ering of various colours, spread upon floors. Shak. Ground variegated with flowers, and level and smooth. Shak. Any thing variegated. Ray. A state of ease and luxury. Slwk. — To be on the car- pet, is to be the subject of consideration. To CA'RPET, kari-plt. 0. a. To spread with car- pets. Baicon. CA'RPET-WALK* kar'-pft-wawk. ) n. s. A green CA'RPET-WAY*, kar'-pit-wa. ] way; a way on the turf. Evelyn. CAPPING, kar 7 -p!ng. 410. part. a. Captious ; cen- sorious. Granville. CA'RPING*, kari-plng. n.s. Cavil ; censure ; abuse. Leslie. CA'RPINGLY, kari-ping-le. ad. Captiously. Cam- den. CA'RPMEALS, karp'-meelz. n.s. A kind of coarse cloth made in the north of England. CARP US,- kar'-pus. n. s. [Lat.] The wrist. Wise- man. CA'RRACK. See Carack. CA'RRAT. See Carat. CA'RRAWAY. See Caraway. CA'RRIABLE* kar'-re-a-bl. a. That which may be carried. Sherwood. CARRIAGE, kar'-rldje. 90. n. s. [cariage, Fr.] The act of carrying. Bacon. Conquest; acquisition. Knolles. Vehicle. Watts. The frame upon which cannon is carried. Knolles. Behaviour. Bacon. Conduct ; measures. Shak. Management. Bacon. That which is carried. Spenser. . CA'RRIER, kar'-re-ur. n. s. One who carries. Ba- con. One whose trade is to carry goods. Pierce. A messenger. The name of a species of pigeons that fly with letters tied to their necks, which they cany to the place where they were bred, however remote. Walton. CARRION §, kar'-re-un. 166.n. s. [caroigne, old Fr.] The carcass of something not proper for food. Spenser. Flesh so corrupted as not to be fit for food. Dryden. A name of reproach for a worth- less woman'. Shakspeare. CA'RRION, kar'-re-un. a. Relating to or feeding upon carcasses. Shakspeare. CATv-RONADE*, kar'-run-ade. n. s. A very short, piece of iron ordnance, originally made at Carron in Scotland. James. CA'RROT$, kar'-rut. 166. [carote, Fr.] An esculent root. Mortimer. CA/RROTY, kar'-rut-e. n. s. Spoken of red hair 5 in colour like carrots. CA'RROWS, kar'-r6ze. n. s. [An Irish word.] A kind of people that wander up and down to gentle- men's nouses, living only upon cards and dice. Spenser. To CA'RRY§, kar'-re. v. a. [cliarier, Fr.] To con- vey from a place. Psalm xlix. To transport. Mark vi To bear j to have about one. Wiseman. To take 5 to have with one. Locke. To convev by force. S'nak. To effect any thing. Bacon. To gain in competition. Shak. To gain after resistance. Shak. To gain with, that is, to prevail. Shak. To bear out; to face through L" Estrange. To continue external appearance. SluJc. To manage; to transact. Addison. To behave ; to conduct. Bacon. To bring forward. Locke. To urge. South. To bear; to have. Hale. To exhibit; to show. Addison. To imply. Locke. To contain. Watts To have annexed. South. To convey or bear any thing united or adhering, by communication cf motion. Baron. To move in a certain direction. Addison. To push on ideas, or any thing succes- sive in a train. Hale. To receive. Bacon. To support. Bacon. To bear, as trees. Bacon. To fetch and bring, as dogs. Ascham. — To carry aicay. [In naval language.] To loose. Byron. To carry coals. To bear injuries. WhicJicot. To carry off. To kill. Temple. To camj on. To promote. Addison. To continue. Sprat. To prosecute. Temple. To carry out. To put into amazement. Sir J. Davies. To can~y through. To support. Hammond. To CA'RRY, kar'-re. v. n. To convey ; to transport : a phrase from gunnery or archery; as, the cannon carried well. Shakspeare. CA'RRY*, kar'-re. n. s. The motion of the clouds. CA'RRY-TALE, kar'-re-tale. n. s. A tale-bearer Shakspeare. CART$, kart. 92. n.s. [cpsefc, cpafc. Sax.] A car- riage in general. Temple. A wheel carnage, used for luggage. Dryden. A small carriage with two wheels, used by husbandmen. Sidney. The vehicle in which criminals are carried to execution. Prior. To CART, kart. v. a. To expose in a cart by way of punishment. Beaumont and Fletclier. To place in a cart. Dryden. To CART, kart. v. n. To use carts for carnage. Mortimer. CART-HORSE, kart'-h6rse. n. s. A horse fit only - for the cart. Knolles. CART- JADE, kart'-jade. n.s. A vile horse. Sidney. CART-LOAD, kart'-lc-de. n.s. A quantity sufficient to load a cart. Boyle. CART-ROPE, kart'-rope. n. s. A strong cord used to fasten the load on the carriage. I CART-WAY, kart'-wa. n. s. AVay through which a carriage may conveniently travel. Mortimer. CA'RTAGE*, kan -Idje. n. s. The employment of a cart. CARTE BLANCHE, kart-blansh'. [Fr.] A blank paper, to be filled up with such conditions as the person to whom it is sent thinks proper. CA'RTEL§, kar-tel'. n. s. [cartel, Fr.J A writing containing stipulations between enemies. Addison. A letter of defiance; a challenge to a duel. Daniel. A ship commissioned to exchange the prisoners of hostile powers. Chambers. To CARTEL*, kar'-tel. v. a. To defy. B. Jonson. CA'RTER, kart'-ur. 98. n. s. The man who drives a cart. Shakspeare. CA'RTERLY*, kar'-tfir-le. ad. Rude, like a carter Cot^rave. CARTESIAN*, kar-te'-zhe-an. a Relating to the philosophy of Des Cartes. Smith. CARTESIAN* kar-te'-zhe-an. n. s. A follower of the Cartesian philosophv. Reid. CARTHUSIAN*, kar-J/iA'-shun. n. s. A monk of the Chartreux. Beaumont and Fletcher. CARTHU'SIAN*, kar-Z/m'-shun. a. Relating to the order of monks so called. CMmbers. The name of kermes mineral. Chambers. CA'RTILAGE§, kari-te-lidje. 90. n. s. [cariilago, Lat.] A smooth and solid body, softer than a bone, but harder than a ligament. Arbuihnot. CARTILAGI'NEOUS, kar'-te-la-jln'-yfis. 113. ) CARTILAGINOUS, %-te-ladje*'-e-nus. 314. ] a ' Consisting of cartilages.- Ray. CARTO'ON, kar-tOon'. n. s. [cartone. Ital ] A pain* ing or drawing upon large paper. Watts. 173 CAS CAS ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— m6, mSt ;— pine, pin ;- CARTO'UCH, kar-tfiotsh'. n. s. [cartouche, Fr.] A case of wood, girt round with marline, and holding musket balls, &c. and fired out of a mortar. Harris. A portable box for cartridges. A roll [like a scroll of paper] adorning the cornice of a pillar. Coles. CA'RTRAGE, ) ,■>. , . * ,. Qn ( n.s. Acaseofpa- CARTRIDGE, \ kar/ - trfd J e - 90 - \ per filled with gunpowder, used in charging guns. Dryden. CA'RTRUT, kart'-i-ut. re. s. The track made by a cart wheel. CA RTULARY, kar'-tshu-la-re. 461. re. s. [cartu- laire, Fr.] A register 5 a record. Weever. An ec- clesiastical officer, who had the care of the records. CA'RT WRIGHT, kart'-rite. re. s. A maker of carts. Camden. CARUCATE*, kar -u-kate. re. s. [caruca, Lat.] A plough-land. As much land as one team can plough in the year. KelJiam. CARUNCLE $, kar'-unk-kl. 405. re. s. [caruncula, Lat.] A small protuberance of flesh. Wiseman. CARU'NCULATED*, ka-rfin'-ku-la-tgd. a. Having a protuberance. British Birds, CARVE*, karv. n. s. A carucate. Sir J. Ware. To CARVE §, karv. v. a. [ceoppan, Sax.] To cut matter into elegant forms. Wisdom. To cut meat at the table. To make any thing by carving or cutting. Dryden. To engrave. Sliak. To dis- tribute. South. To cut 3 to hew. Spenser. To CARVE, karv. v. n. To exercise the trade of a sculptor. CARVEL, kar'-vel. n. s. See Caravel. A small ship. Raleigh. CA'RVEL*, kar'-vel. n. s. The urtica marina, or sea- blubber. Sir T. Herbert. CARVER, kar'-vur. 98. n. s. A sculptor. Dryden. He that cuts up the meat at the table Dryden. A distributor. Shakspeare. CARVING, kar'-vlng. 410. n.s. Sculpture. Temple. CAR YA' TES, ka-re-a'-tez. ) n. s. [from Ca- CARYA 1 TIDES, ka-re-at'-o dez. \ rya, a city taken by the Greeks, who led away the women captives ; and, to perpetuate their shame, repre- sented them in buildings as charged with burdens.] An order of columns or pilasters under the figures of women, dressed in long robes, serving to support entablatures. Chambers. CASCA/DE, ka.s-ka.de 7 . n.s. [cascade, Fr.] A cata- ract; a waterfall. Brown. CASE§, ka.se. n. s. [caisse, Fr.] A box; a sheath. Shak. The cover, or skin, of an animal. Shak. The outer part of a building. Addison. A build- ing unfurnished. Wotton. CASE-KNIFE, kase'-nlfe. n. s. A large kitchen knife. Addison.. CASE-SHOT, kase'-sh&t. n. s. Bullets enclosed in a case. C trendon. CASE §, ! ase. n. s. [casus, Lat.] Condition. Spenser. State of things. Bacon. State of the body. Bacon. I History of a disease. State of a legal question. Bacon. — In case, is lusty, or fat. Shak. Contin- gence ; possible event. Tillotson. Question relat- ing to particular persons or things. Sidney. Rep- resentation of any fact or question. The variation of nouns. Clarke. In case. If. Hooker. To CASE, lease, v. a. To put in a case. Shak. To cover as a case. Shak. To cover on the outside with materials different from the inside. Arhuthnot. To strip off the skin. Shakspeare. Tc CASE, lease, v. n. To put cases. L' Estrange. To CASEHA'RDEN, kase'-har-dn. v. a. To harden on the outside. Moxon. CASEMATE, kase'-mate. n.s. [casamatta, Ital.] [In fortification.] A subterraneous or covered arch- work. B. Jonson. The well with its several sub- terraneous branches, dug in the passage of the bastion. Han-is. CA'SEMENT, kaze'-m£nt. n.s. [casamento, Ital.] A window opening upon hinges. Shakspeare. CASEOUS, ka'-se-us, a. \jMeus, Lat.] Resembling cheese. Flayer. CA / SERj\ T ,ka/-*ern. n. s. Waserne, Fr.] A little room or lodgement between thfe rampart and the houses of fortified towns, as lodgings for the soldvers of the garrison. Wraxliall. CASE WORM, kase'-wurm. n. s. A grub that makes itself a case. Fbyer. CASH§, kash. n.s. [caisse, Fr.J Money; properly ready money. Milion. CASH-KEEPER, kash'-keep-fir. n. s. A man en trusted with the money. Arhuthnot. To CASH*, kash. v. a. To cash a bill, i. e. to give money for it. To CASH§* 7 kash. v. a. [casser, Fr.] To discard. Sir A. Gorges. CASHEWNUT, ka-shoo'-nut. n. s. A tree that bears nuts, not with shells, but husks. Miller. CASHFER, ka-sheer'. 275. n. s. He that has charge of the money. Decker. To CASHFER, ka-sheer'. v. a. [casser, Fr.] To dis- card. ShaJcspeare. To annul ; to vacate. South. CA'SHOO*, kash'-oo. n. s. The gum or juice of a tree in the East Indies. CA'SING*, ka/-smg. n. s. The covering of any thing In Northumberland, dried cow -dung. Waterland. CASK§, kask. n. s. [casque, Fr.] A barrel. Harvev. To CASK*, ka.sk. v. a. To put into a cask. CASK, kask. > re. s. A helmet; armour for CA'SQUET, kas'-ldt. $ the head. CA'SKET, kas'-kft. 99. n. s. A small box for jewels. Shakspeare. To CASKET, kas'-ldt. v. a. To put into a casket Shakspeare. To CASS*, kas. v. a. To annul. Rateigh. CASSAMUNA'IR, kas-sa-mu-nare'. re. s. An aro- matick vegetable, brought from the east. To CASSATE, kas'-sate. 91. v. a. [cassare, low Lat.] To vacate ; to invalidate. Ray. CASSATION, kas-sa'-shun. n. s. A making null. Diet. CA'SSAVI, kas'-sa-ve. ) n. s. An American plant. CA'SSADA, kas'-sa-da. { Miller.' CA'SSAWARE. See Cassiowary. CA'SSIA, kash'-she-a. re. s. A sweet spice used in the composition of the holy oil. Psalm xlv. CA'SSIA, kash'-she-a. n. s. The name of a tree Miller. CA'SSIDONY, kas'-se-do-ne. re. s. The name of a plant. CASSLNO*, kas-se'-no. re. s. A game at cards. CA^SSIOWARY, kash'-she-o-wa-re. re. s. A large bird of prey in the East Indies. Locke. CASSOCK, kas'-sfik. 166. re. s. [cosaque, Fr.] For- merly part of the dress of a soldier; 'lis loose out- ward coat. Shak. Part of the dress of a clergy man. Bp. Taylor. CASSWEED, kas'-weed. n. s. A weed called shep herd's pouch. To CAST§, kast. 79. v. a. preter. cast ; part. pass. cast, [kaster, Danish.] To throw with the hand. Raleigh. To throw away as useless or noxious. Matthew. To throw, as from an engine. Chron. To scatter by the hand. Deut. To force by vio- lence. Exodus. To shed. Malachi. To throw from a high place. Shak. To throw as a net or snare. 1 Cor. To drop; or let fall. Acts. To throw lots. Joshua. To throw, in wrestling. Shak. To throw, as worthless. Chron. To drive by vio- lence of weather. Acts. To emit. . Woodward. To bring suddenly. Hooker. To build by throwing up earth. Spenser. To put into or out of any state. Matthew. To condemn in a criminal trial. Donne. To defeat in a law-suit. Camden. To defeat. Hu- dibras. To cashier. Shak. To leave behind in a race. Dryden. To shed ; to let fall ; to lay aside ; to moult. Fairfax. To lay aside. Dryden. To have abortions. Gen. To make to preponderate. Brown. To compute. Foxe. To contrive. Tem- ple. To judge. Shak. To fix the parts in a play. Addison. To glance ; to direct. Spenser. To found ; to form by running in a mould. Waller To melt metal into figures. Prior. To model. Burnet. To communicate by emanation. Dryden. To yield, or give up. South. To inflict, or throw Locke. — To cast aside. To dismiss as useless. U4 CAS CAT — n6, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;— pound ;— 7/rin, THis. Shak. To cast away. To shipwreck. Raleigh. To lavish. Raleigh. To ruin. Hooker. To cast back. To put behind. Milton. To cast In/. To re- ject. iS/uiA. To cast down. Tc deject.' S/w/5:. To Crtsi /o^/i. To emit, i&sea. To eject. Nehcm. To cast off. To discard. Slutk. To reject. Locke. To disburden one's self of. Spenser. To leave behind. IS Estrange. To cast ok'. [Hunting- term.] To let go; as, to east of the dogs. To cast out. To reject. Shak. To Vent; to speak. Addison. To cast up. To compute. Temple. To vomit. Isaiah, Tocastiipon. To refer to. South. To CAST, kast. 92. v. n. To contrive ; to turn the thoughts. Spenser. To admit of a form, by cast- ing. Woodward. To warp. Moxon. To vomit. WicliJ'e.-To cast aljoui. To contrive. Bentley. To turn about. Jeremiah. CAST, kast. n. s. The act of casting. Waller. The thing thrown. Dnjden. State of any thing cast. Bp. Bramhall. Manner of throwing. Mortimer. The space through which any thing is thrown. St. Luke. A stroke ; a touch." South. Motion of the eye. Bacon. The throw of dice. Shak. Ven- ture from throwing dice. Spenser. A mould; a form. Prior. A shade. Woodward. Exteriour appearance. Shak. Manner; air; mien. Pope. A flight. Sidney. A breed ; a race. Bryant. A trick. Martin. The act of casting metal. Shak. CA'STANET, kas'-ta-net. n. s. [castaneta, Span.] A small shell of ivory, or hard wood, which dancers rattle in their hands. Congreve. CA'STAWAY, kast'-a-wa. n. s. A person lost, or abandoned by Providence. Hooker. CA'STAWAY, kast'-a-wa. a. Useless. Raleigh. CA'STED, kast'-ed. The participle preterit of cast, but improperlv. Shakspeare. CA'3TELLAN r §,kas'-t£l-lan. n.s. [castellan, Span.] The captain governour, or constable of a castle. Blount. CA'STELLANY, kas'-tel-la-ne. n.s. The lordship belonging to a castle. Kelham. CASTELLATED, kas'-tel-la-ted. a. Adorned with turrets and battlements, like a castle. CASTELLA'TION*, kas-tel-la'-shfin. n.s. The act of fortifying a house and rendering it a castle. Ob. T CASTER, kas'-tur. n. s. A thrower. Pope. A cal- culator. Addison. CA'STER*, kas'-tur. n. s. A small wheel, the axis of which is fixed to a swivel, that it may move mors easilv in anv direction. CASTIFICA'TION*, kas'-te-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [cos- tus and facio, Lat.] Chastity. Bp. Taylor. To CA'ST1GATE§, kas'-te-gate. 91. v. a. [castigo, Lat.] To chastise. Shakspeare. CASTIGA'TION, kas-te-ga'-shun. n. s. Penance. Shak. Punishment. Boiile. Emendation. Hale. CA'STIGATOR* kas-te'-ga'-tfir. n. s. He who makes an emendation or correction. Barneveli. CA'STIGATORY, kas'-te-ga-tur-e. 512. a. Punitive, in order to amendment. Bramhall. CA'STING*, kasr-Iug. n. s. The act of throwing. Huloet. Contrivance. Wotton. CA'STING-NET, kas'-tW-nei. n. s. A net to be thrown into the wate~. May. CA'STLE§, kas'-sl. 472. n.s. [costellum, Lat.] A strong house, fortified. Shakspeare. CASTLES in the Air. Projects without reality. Raleizh. CASTLE-BUILDER*, kas'-sl-bfld'-ur. n.s. A fan- ciful projector. Student. CA'STLE-BUILDLNG* kas'-sl-blld'-lng. n. s. The science of aerial architecture. Student. CA'STLE-CROWNED*, kas'-sl-kround.a. Crown- ed or topped with a castle. Mirror for Magis- trates. CA'STLE-SOAP, kas'-sl-s6pe. n. s. [from Castile soarh] A kind of soap. Addison. CASTLED, kas'-sld. 40.5, 472. a. Furnished with castles. Dry den. CA'STLEGUARD*, kas'-sl-gard. n. s. One of the feudal tenures. Ld. Lyttelton. CA'STLERY*, or CA'STELRY*, kds' ti-re. n. s. The government of a castle. Blount. CA'STLET*, kast'-let. n. s. A small castle. Leland. CA'STLEWARD, kas'-tl-ward. n. s. An imposition for maintenance of such as watch and ward the castle. Cowel. CA'STLING, kast'-l?ng. n. s. An abortive. Brown. CA'STOR, or CHESTER, are derived from the Sax. cearxep., a city, town, or castle. Gibson. CA'STOR, kas'-tur. 98. n.s. [Lat.] A beaver. Dry* den. A fine hat made of the fur of a beaver. CASTOR Oil*. An oil extracted from the Palma Christi, in the West Indies. CA'STOR mid POLL TJX. A fiery meteor, which appears sometimes sticking to a part of the ship, m form of balls. Chambers. CAS TORE UM, kas-t6'-re-um. n. s. The inguinal fland of the beaver. 'STORY*, kas'-t6-re. n.s. Probably the oil drawn from castoreum. Spenser. CASTRAMETA'TION, kas-tra-me-ta'-shun. n.s. [from castra metor, Lat.] The art or practice of forming an encampment. Warton. To CA STRATE§, kas'-trate. v. a. [cosfc-o, Lat.] To geld. Bp. Morton. To take away any part of a publication. CASTRA'TION, kas-tra'-shun. n. s. The operation of gelding. Sluirp. CA'STERIL, or CA'STREL, kas'-tril. 99. n, s. A kind of hawk. Beaumont and Fletclier. CASTRE'^SIAN, kas-tren'-she-an. a. Belonging to a camp. Diet. CA'SUAL$, kazh / -u-al.451,453.a. [casuel, FY.] Ac cidental. Davies. CA'SUALLY^kazh'-i-aUe.arf. Accidentally. Shak CA'SUALNESS, kazh'-u-al-nes. n. s. Accidentaluess CA'SUALTY, kazh'-u-al-te. n.s. Accident. Raleigh Chance that produces unnatural death. Shakspeare CA'SUIST?,kazh'-u-Ist. n.s. [casuiste,Fr] One thai studies and settles cases of conscience. South. To CA'SUIST*, kazh'-u-ist. v.n. To play the casu- ist. Milton. CASUISTICAL, kazh-Ws'-te-kal. a. Relating to cases of conscience. South. CA'SUISTRY, kazh'-u-is-tre. n. s. The science of a casuist. Pope. CAT§, kat. n.s. [cat, Sax.] A domestic^ animal, reckoned by naturalists the lowest order ol'the leo- nine species. Sfiakspeare. CAT, kat. v. s. A sort of ship. Bryant. CAT*, kat. n. s. A double trivet or tripod, having * x feet. CAT in tlie pan, is, when that which a man says "t another, he says it as if another had said it Io'Iubb. Bacon. CAT o' nine tails, kat-a-nlne'-talz. 88. A whip wi*\ nine lashes. Vanbrugh. CAT'S-PAW*, kats'-paw. n.s. The dupe of a fla> terer. or artful person. CAT-EYED*, kat'-lde. a. Having eyes like a ca^ Dry den. CATABA'PTIST*, kat-a-bap'-t?st. n.s. [kutu ant fia-Ti(o).'] An opponent of baptism. Featley. CATACHRESIS, kat-a-kre'-sls. 520. n.s. hard X,ot}gi<;.] [Inrhetorick.]Theabuseofatrope. Smith. CATACHRE'STICAL, kat-a-kreV-te-kal. a. Con trary to proper use ; forced. Brown. C AT ACHRESTIC A LLY r *, kat-a-kres'-te-kal-le. ad. In a forced manner. Evelyn. CA'TACLYSM, kat'-a-klfzm. n. s. [KaraKWjuo?.] A deluge. Hale. CA / TACOMBS,kat / -a-k6mz.n.s. [Kara and/oi/^jj.] Subterraneous cavities for the burial of the dead Addison. CATACOU'STICKS*, kat-a-kous'-tfk 3. n.s. pL [Kara, and atcovu.] The science of reflected sounds or echoes. Chambers. CATADIO'PTRICAL*, kat-a-de-op'-tn" -kal. ? „ CATADIOTTRICK*, kat-a-de-op'-trlk. $ a [Kara, and Sio-rcfxai.] Reflecting light. CA'TADUPE*, kat'-a-dupe. n. s. [Kara an«T07rrpov.] CATQ'PTRON*, ka-tSp'-trun. \ A kind of optick glass ; an optical instrument. CATOTTRICAL, kat-op'-tre-kal. a. Relating to catoptricks. Arbuthnot. CATOTTPaCKS, kat-op'-trks. n.s. That part of opticks which treats of vision by reflection. Burton. CA'TPIPE, kat'-plpe. n.s. A catcal. V Estrange. CAT'S-EYE, kats'-L n. s. A stone of a glistening gray colour. Woodward. CAT'S-FOOT, kats'-f ut. n. s. An herb ; ground-ivy. CATS-HEAD, kats'-hed. n.s. A kind of large ap- ple. Mortimer. CA'TSILYER, kat'-sll-vur. 98. n.s. A kind of fossil. CAT'S-TAIL, kats'-tale. n. s. A long, round sab- stance that grows upon nut-trees, &.c. A kind of reed. Philips. CATSUP. See Catchup. CA'TTLEy, kat'-tl. 405. n. s. Beasts of pasture; not wild nor domestick. Shakspeare. It is used in re- proach of human beings. Shakspeare. CA'UDAL*, kaw'.-dal. a. [c.auda, Lat.] Relating to the tail of an animal. Russel. CAUDATE*, kaw'-dale. )a. Having a tail CAUDA'TED*, kaw-da'-ted. ) Fair/ax. CATJDLEy.Jcaw'-dl. 405. n.s. [chaudeau, Fr.] A mixture of wine and other ingredients, given to wo- men in childbed, and sick persons. Shakspeare. To CA'UDLE, kaw'-dl. v. a. To make caudle. Shakspeare. CAUF, kawf. n. s. A chest to keep fish alive in the water. Philips. CAUGHT, kawt. 213, 393. part. pass, [from To catch.] CAUK, kawk. n. s. A coarse t alky spar. Woodward. CAUL, kawl. n. s. The net in which women enclose their hair. Spenser. Any kind of small net. Greio. The omentum ; the integument in which the guts are enclosed. Rcy. The little membrane found on some children, encompassing the head, when born. B. Jonson. CA'ULET* kaw'-leH. n. s. [canlus, Lat.] Colewort. CAULIFEROUS, kaw-tff-fe-rus. a. Such plants as have a true stalk. CAULIFLOWER, kol'-le-flSu-ur. n.s. A species of cabbage. To CAULK. See To Calk. To CATJPONATE, kaw'-pc-nate. v.n. [cauponor, Lat.] To keep a victualling house. Diet. To CAOJPONISE*, kaw'-po-nlze. v. a. To sell wine or victuals. Warburton. CATJSABLE, kaw'-za-bl. 405. a. That which may be caused. Brown. CATJSAL, kaw'-zal. a. Relating to causes. Glan- ville. CAUSALITY, kaw-zal'-e-te. n.s. The agency of a cause. Brown. CA USALLY, kaw'-zal-le. ad. According to the or- der of causes. Brmvn. CAUSATION, kaw-za'-shun. n.s. The act of caus- ing. Brown. CAUSATIVE, kaw'-za-tfv. 157. a. That expresses a cause or reason. Student. That effects as an agent. Bacon. CA'USATIVELY*, kaw'-za-tlv-le. ad. In a causa- tive manner. Student. CAUSA'TOR, kaw-za/-tur. 521, 98. n. s. A causer. Brown. CAUSE §, kawz. n. s. [causa, Lat.] That which pro- duces any thing. Hooker. The reason ; motive to anything. Shak:. Reason of debate. Shak. Side; party. Tickell. To CAUSE, kawz. v. a. To effect as an agent. To CAUSE*, kawz. v.n. To assign insufficient cause or reason. Spenser. Ob. T. CAL T/ SELESS, kawz'-lSs. a. Having no cause. Blackmore. Wanting just ground. Spenser. CATJSELESSLY, kawz'-les-le. ad. Without cause. Bp. Taylor. CATJSELESSNESS*, kawzMes-nes. n.s. Unjust ground. Hammond. CA'USER, kaw'-zur. 98. n. s. He that causes; the agent. Sidney. CA f USEY, kaw'-ze. )n.s. [chausse'e, Fr.] A CA'USEWAY, kawz'-wa. $ way raised and pav- ed above the rest of the ground. Milton. $5= Dr. Johnson tells us, that this word, by a false notion of its etymology, has been lately written causeway. It is derived from the French chaussie. In the scripture we find it written causey. " To Shuppim the lot came forth westward by the causey." 1 Chron. xxvi. 16. But Milton, Dryden, and Pope, write it causcioay ; and these authorities seem to have fixed the pronunciation This word, from its mistaken etymology, may rank with lantern — which see. W. \ 177 CAV CEI O* 559.- -P&te, ffc, fall, fat ;- — me, nMk;- -plne pin 5 CAUSFDICAL* kaw-zld'-e-kal. a. [causidkus, Lat.] Relatuig to an advocate or pleader. CA'USTICAL, kaws'-te-kal. > a. [KavariKbg.] Medi- CAUST1CK, kaws'-tlk. $ caments which de- stroy the texture of the part to which they are ap- plied. Wisemari. CAUSTICITY*, kaws-tls'-e-te. n. s. Quality of a caustick. Chambers. CA'USTICK, kaws'-tlk. n. s. A corroding applica- tion. Temple. CA'USTICKNESS*, kaws'-tfk-ngs. n. s. The quali- ty of being caustick. Scott. CAUTEL?, kaw'-tel. n.s. [cauielle, old Fr.] Cun- ning ; subtlety. Sliakspeare. Caution. Futke. CAUTELOUS, kaw'-te-lus. a. Cautious. Wotton. Wilv ; cunning. Spenser. CAUTELOUSLY, kawMe-l&s-le. ad. Cunningly. Bacon. Cautiously. Brown. C AUTELOUSNESS*, kaw'-te-lus-nes. n. s. Cau- tiousness. Hales. Ob. T. CA'UTER*, kaw'-tur. n. s. [icavTtjpiov.] A searing hct iron. Minsheu. CAUTERISM*. kaw'-tur-lzm. n. s. The applica- tion of cautery. Ferrand. CAUTERIZATION, kaw-tur-re-za'-shfin. n.s. The act of burning flesh with hot irons, or caus- ticks. Wiseman. To CAUTERIZE, kaw'-tur-lze. v. a. To burn with the cautery. CAUTERIZING*, kaw'-tur-l-zmg. n.s. The act of burning with the cautery. Sliakspeare. CA'UTERYy, kaw'-tur-re. 555. n. s. An instrument or medicine for burning. Wiseman. JAUTIONy, kaw'-shun. n. s. [caidio, Lat.] Pru- dence 5 foresight. Security for. Howell. Security against. L'Estrange. Provisionary precept. Ar- buthnot. Warning. To CAUTION, kaw'-shun. v. a. To warn. Prior. JA'UTIO^ARY, kaw'-shun-a-re. a. Given as a pledge. Southerne. Warning. L. Addison. CA'UTIOUS, kaw'-shus. 292. a. Wary 5 watchful. Swift. CAUTIOUSLY, kaw'-shus-le. ad. Warily. Dry den. CAUTIOUSNESS, kaw'-shus-nes. n. s. Watchful- ness 5 vigilance. Addison. CAVALCADE, kav'-al-kade'. 524. n. s. [cavalcade, Fr.l A procession on horseback. Dryden. CAVALFERy, kav-a-leer'. 275. n. s. [Fr.] A horse- man; a knight. Taller. A gay, sprightly, military man. Sliak. The appellation of the party of King Charles the First. Swift. [In fortification.] A mount or elevation of earth, to lodge cannon. Hey- wood. CAVALFER, kav-a-leer'. a. Gay; sprightly; war- like. Generous; brave. Suckling. Disdainful; haughty. CAVALFERLY, kav-a-leerMe. ad. Haughtily. Warburton. CAVALFERNESS*, kav-a-leer'-nes. n. s. Haughty or disdainful conduct. CAVALRY, kav'-al-re. n. s. [cavakrie, Fr.] Horse troops. Bacon. To CA'VATE, ka'-vate. t>. a. [cavo, Lat.] To hollow out. CAVAZION, ka-va'-zhun. n. s. The hollowing of the earth for cellarage. CAVE §, kave. n. s. [cave, Fr.] A cavern ; a den. Sliakspeare. Hollow. Bacon. To CAVE, kave. v. n. To dwell in a cave. Shak. To CAVE*, kave. v. a. To make hollow. Spenser. CA'VEAT, ka'-ve-at. n. s. [Lat.] An intimation given to some ordinary or ecclesiastical judge, that he ought to beware how he acts. Ayliffe. CA'VERN, kav'-urn. 555. n. s. [caverna, Lat.] A hollow place in the ground. Sliakspeare. CAVERNED, kay'-firnd. 362. a. Full of caverns. Philips. Inhabiting a cavern. Pope. CAVERNOUS, kav'-ur-nus. 557. Full of caverns. Woodward. CA VE'SSON, kav'-eVsun. 98. n. s. [Fr.] A sort of band put upon the nose of a horse, to forward the breaking of him. Farrier's Dictionary. CAVIA'RE, ka-veer / . n. s. The roe of sturgeons and other fish. Sir T. Herbert. $5= Either the spelling or the pronunciation of this word should be altered: we have no instance in the language of sounding are, ere .• the ancient spelling seems to have been caviare ; though Buchanan and Bailey, in com- pliance with the pronunciation, spell it caveer, and W Johnston, cavear ; and Ash, as a less usual spelling, cavier .• but the Dictionary De la Crusca spells it caviale. W. CAVFER, ka-veer'. n. s. A corruption of caviare. To CAVIL y, kav'-'il. 159. v.n. [caviller, Fr.] To raise captious objections. Sliakspeare. To CA'VIL, kav'-fl. v. a. To treat with objections. CA'VIL, kav'-Il. n. s. False or frivolous objections. CAVILLATION, kav-il-la'-shun. n. s. The practice of objecting. Abp. Cranmer. CAVILLER, kav'-vil-ur. n. s. A captious disputant Burton. CAVILLING*, kav'-ll-lng. n. s. Dispute. Bp. Tay lor. CAVILLINGLY, kav'-il-lfng-le. ad. In a cavilling manner. Sherwood. CAVILLINGNESS*, kav'-Il-ing-nes. n. s. The dis- position to cavil. CAVILLOUS, kav'-vfl-lus. a. Full of objections. Ayliffe. CA'VILLOUSLY*, kav'-Il-us-le. ad. In a cavillous manner. Milton. CA 1 VIN, kav'-ln. n. s. [Fr.] A natural hollow, fit to cover a body of troops. Diet. CA'VITY, kav'-e-te. 511. n. s. [cavitas, Lat.] Hol- lowness ; hollow place. Holder. To CAW, kaw. v. n. To cry as the rook, or crow Sliakspeare. CA'XON*, kaks'-un. n. s. A cant expression for a wig. CA'XOU*, kaks'-Su. n. s. A chest of ores of any metal, that has been burnt, ground, and washed, and is ready to be refined. CA'YMAN, ka'-man. 88. n. s. American alligator, or crocodile. CAZFQUE* ka-zeek'. n. s. A title given to the petty kings of several countries in America. Townsend. To CEASE y, sese. v. n. [cesso, Lat.] To leave off. Dryden. To fail ; to be extinct. Deut. To be at an end. Dryden. To rest. Sprat. To CEASE, sese. v. a. To put a stop to. Shaitsptxre. CEASE, sese. n. s. Extinction. Shakspeare. CEASELESS, sese'-les. a. Incessant. Fairfax. CEASELESSLY*, sese'-l£s-le. ad. Perpetual 1 - Donne. CECCHFN*, tshe-keen'. n. s. [cechin, Fr.] Now written chequin or zechin. A coin of Italy and Barbary. B Jonson. CE'CITY, ses'-e-te. 503. n. s. [excitas, Lat.] Blind- ness. Brown. #Cr I have given the e in the first syllable of this word the short sound, notwithstanding-the diphthong in the orig- inal ccecitas ; being convinced of the shortening power of the antepenultimate accent of these words, 124, 511. and of the pre-antepenultiraate accent of cenatory and prefatory. W. CECU'TIENCY, se-ku'-she-en-se. n. s. Tendency to blindness. Brown. CE'DARy, se'-dur. 88. n. s. [cebep, Sax.] A tree, the wood of which is accounted proof against the futrefaction of animal bodies. Shakspeare. 'DARLIKE* se'-dur-like. a. Resembling a cedar tree. B. Jonson. CE'DARN*, se'-durn. a. Belonging to the cedar tree. Milton. „ „ • To CEDE §*, sede. v. n. [ceder, Fr.] To submit. Shenstone. To CEDE*, sede. v. a. To resign. Drummond. OE'DRINE, se'-drlne. 140. a. Belonging to the cedar CE 7 DRY*, se'-dre. a. Of the colour of cedar. Evehjn. CE'DULE*, s£d'-ule. n. s. [cMule, Fr.] A scroll, or writing. Cotgrave. CE'DUOUS*, sed'-u-us. a. [ceduus, Lat.] Fit to be felled. Evelyn. . To CEIL y, sele. v. a. [ccelo, Lat.] To cover the inner roof of a building. 2 Chron. 178 CEM CEN -n6, move, n5r, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ;— t6?1 ; — pound ; — thin, this. CE'lLING, se'-llng. n. s. The inner roof. Bacon. Tlie inside planks of a ship. Chambers. CELANDINE, sel'-an-dine. 149. n. s. A plant. More. CE'LATURE, sel'-a-tshure. 461. n. s. [ccclatura, Lat.] The thing engraved. Hakewill. To CELEBRATE $, sel'-le-brate. 91. v. a. [celebro, . Lat.] To praise. Addison. To distinguish by solemn riles. To mention in a set manner. Dry- den. CELEBRATION, sel-e-bra'-shun. n. s. Solemn per- formance. Sidney. Praise; renown. Clarendon. CE'LEBRATOR*, sel'-e-bra-tur. n. s. He who cele- brates. Boyle. CELE'BRIOUS, se-le'-bre-fis. 505. a. Famous. Grew. Ob. J. CELE'BRIOUSLY, se-le'-bre-us-le. ad. In a famous manner. CELE'BRIOUSNESS, se-le'-bre-us-nes. n. s. Re- nown. CELE'BRITY, se-leb'-bre-te. 511. n. s. Publick and splendid transaction. Bacon. CELE'RIACK, se-kV-re-ak. n. s. A species of pars- ley. CELE'RITY, se-ler'-re-te. n. s. [celeritas, Lat.] Swiftness. Hooker. CE'LERY, seF-e-re. n. s. A species of parsley. CELE'STIALS, se-kV-tslial. 272. a. [celestis, Lat.] Heavenly ; relating to the superiour regions. Shak. Heavenly; relating to the blessed state. Shak. Heavenly ; with respect to excellence. Dryden. CELE STIAL, se-kV-tshal. 464. n. s. An inhabitant of heaven. Pope. CELESTIALLY, se-les'-tshal-le. ad. In a heavenly manner. To CELE'STIFY, se-leV-te-fl. v. a. To give some- thing of heavenly nature to any thing. Brown. Ob. J. CE'LESTlNS^sel'-es-tfnz.n. s. Monks of a religious [/cotAia.] a. order, reformed by Pope Celestin V. CE'LIACK, seMe-ak. a. See Cceliack. Relating to the belly. Arbuthnot. CE'LIBACY, sel'-e-ba-se. n. s. [ccclebs, Lat.] Single life. Spectator. CE'LIBATE, s&'-e-bat. 91. n. s. Single life. Bp. Hall. CELL§, sel n. s. [cella, Lat.] A small cavity. Prior. The little habitation of a religious person. Sluik. A small apartment in a prison. Jerem. Any small place of residence. Prior. A religious house. Chaucer. Little bags where fluids or matter of dif- ferent sorts are lodged. Quincy. CE'LLAR, sel'-lur. 88. n. s. [cellarium, Lat.] A place under ground, where stores and liquors are re- posited. Peacham. CE'LLARAGE, seT-lur-ldje. 90. n. s. The cellars. Shakspeare. CE'LLARER* or CE'LLERER*, sel'-lur-ur. n. s. A butler. Chaucer. CE'LLARIST, seT-lur-ist. 555. n. s. The butler in a religious house. CE'LLULAR, sel'-lu-lar. a. [cellula, Lat.] Consist- ing of little cells or cavities. Slmrp. CELLULE*, s&'-lule. n. s. A little cell. CE'LSITUDE, sel'-se-tude. n. s. [celsitudo, Lat.] Height. Chaucer. CE'LTICISM*, sel'-te-s?zm. n. s. The manner or custom of the Celts. Warton. CELTICK*, sel'-tik. a. Relating to the Celts, or Gauls. Milton. CELTS*, selts. n. s. [CeUce, Lat.] Inhabitants of Gaul. Warton. CE'MENT§, sem'-ment. 492. n. s. [ccementum, Lat.] The matter with which two bodies are made to cohere. Shak. Bond of union in friendship. Shak. To CEMENT, se-menl'. v. a. To unite by some- thing 1 interposed. Sluxkspeare. To CEME'NT, se-ment'. v. n. To cohere. Sharp. CEMENT A'TION, sem-en-uV-shun. n. s. The act of cementing. CEME'NTER, se-ment'-ur. n. s. That which unites. Locke. CEMETERY, sem'-me-ter-e. n. s. [Koifirjrf/piov.] A place where the dead are reposited. Addison. CEN, and CIN, denote kinsfolk. Gibson. CEN ATORY, seV-na-tur-e. 505. [See Cecity. 512.} a. [ceno, Lat.] Relating to supper. Brown. CENOBFTJCAL, sen-no-blt'-e-kal. 503. a. [ko7vos and (Sios .] Living in community. CENOBY*, seV-6-be. n. s. The place where persons live in community. Sir G. Buck. CENOTAPH, seV-o-taf. n. s. [kcvos and ra> s .] A monument for one buried elsewhere. CENSE, sense, n. s. [census, Lat.] Publick rate Bacon. Condition ; rank. B. Jonson. To CENSE §, sense, v. a. [encenser, Fr.j To perfume with odours. B. Jonson. CENSER, sen'-sur. 98. n. s. The vessel in which in- cense is burned. Peacham. Afire-pan. Shakspeare CENSION, sen 7 -shun. n. s. A rate 5 an assessment. Joseph Hall. CENSORS, sen'-s&r. 166. n. s. [censor, Lat.] An officer of Rome, who had the power of correcting maimers. Toiler. One who is given to censure Roscommon. CENSORIAL*, sen-s6'-re-al. a. Full of censure ; severe. Warton. CENSO'RIAN, sen-s6'-re-an. a. Relating to the censor. Bacon. CENSORIOUS, sen-s6'-re-us. a. Addicted to cen sure; severe. Selden. CENSORIOUSLY, sen-s6'-re-us-le. ad. In a severe, reflecting manner. CENSO'RIOUSNESS, sen-s6'-re-us-nes. n. s. Dis- position to reproach. Bp. Taylor. CENSORLIKE*, sen'-ser-Ilke. a. Censorious ; au- stere. Cotgrave. CENSORSHIP, sen'-s&r-sh?p. 166. n. s. The office of a censor. Johnson. The time in which the office of censor is borne. Brown. CENSUAL*, sen'-shii-al. a. Relating to the census or Roman register. Temple. CENSURABLE, sen'-shu-ra-bl. a. Worthy of cen- sure. Locke. CENSURABLENESS, sen'-shu-ra-bl-nes. n. s. Blamableness. WJiitlock. CENSURABLY*, sen'-shu-ra-ble. ad. In a blame- worthy manner. CENSURES, sen'-shure. 452. n. s. [censura, Lat.] Blame. Pope. Judgement ; opinion. Shak. Ju- dicial sentence. Shak. A spiritual punishment in- flicted by some ecclesiastical judge. Hammond. To CENSURE, sen'-shure. v. a. To blame. Milton. To condemn. Shak. To estimate. Shakspeare. To CENSURE*, sen'-shure. v. n. To judge. Shak. CENSURER, sen'-shur-flr. n. s. He that blames. Shakspeare. CENSURING*, sen'-shur-lng. n. s. Reproach. San- derson. CENSUS*, sen'-sfis. n s. A declaration among the Romans, made by the several subjects, of their names and places of abode, before the censors. Bentley. CENT, s£nt. n. s. [centum, Lat.] A hundred ; as, five per cent, that is. five in the hundred. Pope. CENTAGE*, sent'-aje. n. s. The payment of cents. CENTAUR §, sen'-tawr. n. s. [centaurus, Lat.] A poetical being, compounded of a man and a horse. Shak. The archer in the zodiack. Thorn CENTAURLIKE* sen'-tawr-ltke. a. Having the appearance of a centaur. Sidney. CENTAURY, sen'-taw-re. n. s. A plant. Dryden. CENTENARY, sen'-te-na-re. n. s. The number of a hundred. Hakewill. CENTENNIAL*, sen-ten'-ne-al. a. Consisting of a hundred years. Mason. CENTESIMAL, sen-tes'-e-mal. 88. n. s. The next step of progression after decimal in the arithmetick of fractions. Arbuthnot. CENTESIMAL* sen-tes'-e-mal. a. Hundredth. Sir T. Brown. CENTIFO'LIOUS, sen-te-f6'-le-us. a. [centum and folium, Lat.] Having a hundred leaves. 179 CER CER B7 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— CENTFLOQUY*, sen-nF-6-kwe. n. s. A hundred- 1 fold discourse. Burton. CENTFNODY*, sen-uV-6-de. n. s. Knotgrass. CENTIPEDE, sen'-te-pgd. n. s. [centw/i and pes, Lat.] A poisonous insect. $5= Biped and quadruped are spelled in Johnson without •the final e, while solipede, palmipede, plumipede, mul- tipede, and centipede, retain it. The orthography in this case is of importance to the pronunciation ; and therefore, as the words are of perfectly similar original, their spelling and pronunciation ought certainly to be alike. Biped and quadruped are the words most in use ; and as they have omitted the final e, which there docs not seem to be any reason to retain, we may infer, that the silent and insensible operation of custom has direct- ed us to do the same by the rest of the words, and to pronounce the last syllable short.— See Mille- pedes. W. CENTO, s£n'-t6. n. s. [cento, Lat.] A composition formed by joining" scraps from various authors, or from various parts of the same author. Camden. CENTRAL, sen'-tral. 88. a. Relating to the centre; £ laced in the centre. NTRA LITY, sen-tral'-e-te. n. s. The state of a centre. More. CENTRALLY, sen'-tral-le. ad. With regard to the centre. Dryden. CENTRE $, sen'-tfir. 416. n. s. [cent.rum, Lat.] The exact middle. Sliakspeare. To CENTRE, sen'-tfir. v. a. To place on a centre. Milton. To collect to a point. Prior. To CENTRE, sen'-tfir. v. n. To rest on. Decay of Piety. To be placed in the midst. Milton. To be collected to a point. Dryden. CENTRICAL, sen'-trlk-al. > a. Placed in the cen- CENTRICK, sen'-trik. C tre. Donne. CENTRICALLY*, sen'-trik-al-le. ad. In a centric- al situation. CE/NTRIC ALNESS*, sen'-trlk-al-nes. n. s. A situa- tion iplaced in the centre. CENTRFFUGAL, s&i-trif-u-gal. a. [centmm and fugio, Lat.] Having the quality acquired by bodies in motion, of receding from the centre. Cheyne. CENTRFPETAL, sen-trfp'-e-tal. a. [centrum and pelo, Lat.] Having a tendency to the centre; having gravity. Cheyne. GENTRY, sen'-tre. n.s. A sentinel. CENT U31VIRI*, shi-lhm'-vk-rln. s. [Lat.] The hundred judges in the Roman republick. B. Jonson. CENTUPLE, sen'-tu-pl. 405. a. [centuplex, Lat.] A hundred fold. B. Jonson. To CENTUPLE*, sen'-tu-pl. v. a. To multiply a hundred fold. Beaumont and Fletcher. To CENTU'PLICATE, sen-tu'-ple-kate. v. a. To make a hundred fold. Howell. To CENTU'RIATE, sen-ui'-re-ate. v. a. To divide into hundreds. CENTU'RfATOR,sen-tu-re-a'-tfir.521.n.s. An his- torian, who distinguishes times by centuries. Ayliffe. CENTU'RION, sen-tu'-re-fin. n.s. A Roman milita- ry officer, who commanded a hundred men. Shakspeare. CENTURIST*, sen'-tshu-rlst. n.s. Centuriator. Sheldon. CENTURY $, sen'-tshu-re. 461. n. s. [ceniuria, Lat.] A hundred; usually employed to specify time. Sometimes simply a hundred. Spenser. CEOL. An initial in the names of men, which sig- nifies a ship or vessel. Gibson. CE'PHALALGY, se?-a-lal-je n. s. [Kt

, se's. n. s. [from cense.! A levy upon the in- habitants of a place, according to their property. Spenser. The act of laying- rates, bounds, or limits. Shaksneare. To CESS, s&. v. a. To rate. Spenser. To CESS, s£s. v. n. To omit a legal duty. CESSA'TION, ses-sa'-shfin. n. s. [cessatio, Lat.] A stop ; a rest. Hayicard. Vacation. Woodward. End of action. Arbuthnot. A pause of hostility, without peace. King Charles. CESSAVIT, ses-sa'-vft. n.s. [Lat.] A writ that lies upon this general ground, that the person, against whom it is brought, hath, for two years, i omitted to perform such service, as he is obliged ! bv his tenure. Cowel. CESSIBFLITY, s^s-se-blf-e-te. n giving way. Digbv. CE'SSIBLE, seV'-se-bl. 405. a. Easy to give way Dizby. CE'SSION, seW-sh&n. n. s. [cessic, Lat.] Retreat, Bacon. Resignation; the act of yielding up. Tem- ple. A manner of vacating an ecclesiastical benefice. CESSIONARY, sesh'-she-o-na-re. a. A cessionary j bankrupt is one who has delivered up all his effects. Martin. CESSMENT, seV-me'nt. n. s. An assessment or tax. j Diet. CE'SSOR, seV-sur. 98, 166. n.s. He that ceaseih I or neglecteth so long to perform a duty, as to in- j cur the danger of law. Cowel. A taxer. Slierwood. \ j Spenser. CEST*, sest. n, Collins. C E< ST US, sh'-tis Taylor. CE'SURE*, se'-shure. n.s. See Obsura. The close of a verse. B. Jonson. CETA'CEOUS, se-uV-sh&s. 357. a. [cete, Lat.] Of the whale kind. Brown. CE'TERACH*. n. s. [ceterach, Fr.] A plant; the scale-fern. Cotgrave. C FA UT. A note in the scale of musick. Shak. CHACO'ON,* tsha-koon'. n. s. [chacona, Span.] A dance, like a saraband. CHAD, shad. n. s. A sort offish. Carew. To CHAFES, tshafe. v. a. [ecliaufer, Fr.] To warm with rubbing. Sidney. To heat by rage or hurry. Shak. To perfume. Suckling. To make angry. Shaksveare. To CHAFE, tshafe. v. n. To rage. Spenser. To fret against any thing-. Shakspeare. CHAFE, tshafe. n. s. A heat ; a rage. Camden. CHAFE-WAX, tshafe'-waks. n. s. An officer be- longing to the Lord Chancellor, who fits the wax for the sealing of writs. Harris. CHA'FER, tshafe'-fir. 98. n.s. [ceapop, Sax.] An insect; a sort of yellow beetle. T. Warton. CHA'FERY, tshafe'-e-re. n. s. A forge in an iron mill. CHAFF 6, tshaf. n. s. [ceap, Sax.] The husks of corn. Shak. Any thing worthless. Beaum. and Ft. To CHATFER§, tshaf-fur. v. n. [kauffen, Germ.] To treat about a bargain. Wicliffe. Dryden. To CHA'FFER, tshaf-fur. v. a. To buy. To ex- change. Spenser. CHA'FFER*, tshaf -fur. n. s. Merchandise. Skelton. I CRA'FFERER, tshaf -fur-fir. n.s. A buyer. CHA'FFERN, tshaf -fern. n. s. A vessel for heating water. 14 [cestus, Lat.] The girdle of a lady, The girdle of Venus. Bp. I CflA'FFERY, tshaf-fe-re. n. s. Traffick. Spenser CHA'FFINCH, tshaf -flush. n.s. A bird, so ca.^ei because it delights in chaff. Phillips. CHA'FFLESS, tshaf -!&. a. Without chaff. Shak. CHA'FF WEED, tshaf -weed. n. s. An herb ; th* cudweed. CHAFFY, tshaf -fe. a. Like chaff. CHA'FINGDISH, tsha'-fh;g-dish. n. s. A portabk grate for coals. Bacon. CHAGRFN, sha-green'. n. s. [chagrin, Fr.] Ill hu mour; vexation. Pope. To CHAGRFN, sha-green'. v. a. To vex ; to put out of temper. CHAIN §, tshane. n. s. [cliaine, FrJ A series of links fastened one within another. Gen. A bond; a manacle. Pope. A series linked together; as, of causes, or thoughts. Hammond. To CHAIN, tshane. v. a. To fasten with a chain. Shak. To enslave. Prior. To keep by a chain. Knolles. To unite. Shakspeare. CHATNPUMP, tshine'-pump. n. s. A pump used in larg-e English vessels, which is double, so that one rises as the other falls. Raleigh. CHA'INSHOT, tshane'-sh&t. n.s. Two bullets oi half bullets, fastened together by a chain. Wise- man. CHAINWORK, tshane'-wfirk. n. s. Work with open spaces like the links of a chain. 1 Kings. CHAIR §, tshire. 52. n. s. [chair, Fr.] A movable seat. Pop". A seat of justice, or of authority. Shak. A vehicle borne by men ; a sedan. Pope. A vehicle drawn by one horse. T. Warton. CHAIRMAN, tshare'-man. 88. n. s. The president of an assembly. Walts. One whose trade it is to carry a sedan chair. Dryden. CHAISE, shaze. n. s. [chaise. Fr.] A carriage drawn by one or more horses. Addison. 05= The vulgar, who are unacquainted with the spoiling of this word, and ignorant of its French derivation, are apt to suppose it a plural, and call a single carriage a shay ; and the polite seem sometimes at a loss, whether they should not consider it as both singular and plural ; . but the best usage seems to have determined it to be, ia this respect, regular, and to make the p'.aral chaises. TV CHA'LCEDONY*, kal'-se-d6-ne. n. s. See Cal CEDONY. CHALCO'GRAPHER, kal-kog'-gra-fur. 353. n. s [xa\Koyp((■ Sheridan; CHA'UDRON, tsha'-drun. > tshaf -drun, Perry and Jones.] n. s. A dry English measure of coals, consisting of thirty-six bushels heaped up, according to the sealed bushel kept at Guildhall, London. The chaldron should weigh two thou- sand pounds. Chambers. CHA'LICE, tshal'-ls. 142. n. s. [calix, Lat.] A cup a bowl. Shak. A cup used in acts of worship. Stillingjleet. CHA'LICED, tshal'-flst. 359. a. Having a cell or cup : as a flower. Shakspeare. CHALK §, tshawk. 402. n. s. [cealc, Sax.] A white fossil, reckoned a stone, but by some ranked among the boles. Chambers. Mortimer. CHALK for cheese. An inferiour thing
,4 1 . '$«. Open, or flat. CHAMPAIN*, \ S « am -P^'. j T J ber ^ CHA'MPER*, tsham'-pur. n. s. A biter, or nibbler. Spectator. CHAMPERTORS, sham'-pur-turs. n. s. [cham- parteur, Fr.] Such as move suits, and pursue, at their proper costs, to have part of the gains. Cowel. CHA'MPETRY, sham'-pe-tre. n. s. A maintenance of any man in his suit, upon condition to have part of the thing when it is recovered. Milton. CHAMPFGNON, sham-pm'-y&n. n. s. [Fr.] A kind of mushroom. Dryden. CHAMPION §, tsham'-pe-un. n. s. [champion, Fr.] A man who undertakes a cause in single combat. Bacon. A hero. Shak. [In law.] Champion is taken for him that trieth the combat in his own case, as well as him that fighteth in the case of another. Cowel. To CHAMPION, tsham'-pe-un. v. a. To challenge to the combat. Sliakspeare. CHA'MPIONESS*, tsham'-pe-un-es. n. s. A female warriour. Fairfax. CHANCE §, tshanse. 78, 79. n. s. [chance, Fr.] For- tune. Shak. The act of fortune. Bacon. Accident, Hakewilt. Event; success. Shak. Misfortune ; un- lucky accident. S/iak. Possibility of any occur- rence. Milton. CHANCE, tshanse. a. Happening by chance. Dryd. CHANCE*, tshanse. ad. By chance. Gray. To CHANCE, tshanse. v. n. To happen. Sliakspeare. CHA'NCEFUL. tshanse'-fiU a. Hazardous. Spen- ser. Ob. J. CHANCE-MEDLEY, tshanse-m^d'-le. n.s. [chaud and melle, Fr.] The casual slaughter of a man, not altogether without the fault of the slayer. Cowel. CHA'NCEABLE, tshan'-sa-bl. a. Accidental. Sidn. CHA'NCEL$, tshan'-sSl. n.s. [cancelli, Lat.] The eastern part of the church, in which the altar is placed. Hooker. CHANCELLOR, tshan'-sel-lur. n.s. [cancellarius , Lat.] The highest judge of the law, who has power to moderate and temper the written law, and sub- jected! himself only to the law of nature and con- science. Cowel. — Cliancellor in the Ecclesiastical Court : a bishop's lawyer, to direct the bishops in matters of judgement. Aylijfe. Cliancellor of a catliedral : a dignitary, whose office it is to super- intend the regular exercise cf devotion. Cliancellor of the excliequer : an officer who sits in that court, and in the exchequer chamber, and also manages 182 CHA CHA -n6, mdve, nor, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 6?!; — pound; — thin, THis. the royal revenue. Ccnoel. Chancellor of a uni- versity : the principal magistrate. Chancel/or of the order of the garter : an officer who seals the commissions and mandates of the chapter. Chamb. CHANCELLORSHIP, tshan'-sel-lur-ship. n. s. The office of chancellor. Camden. CHA'NCERY, tshan'-sur-e. n. s. The court of equity and conscience. Cotctl. CHANCRES, shangk/-ur. 416. n.s. [chancre, Fr.] An ulcer usually arising' from venereal maladies. Wiseman. CHA'NCROUS.shangk'-rfis.a. Ulcerous. Wiseman. CHANDELFER, shan-de-leer / .«.s. [Fr.J A branch for candles. Stukeley. CHANDLER, tshan'-dlfir. n.s. An artisan who makes and sells caudles. Shak. Formerly, a can- dlestick. A corn-chandler, a seller of corn. CHANDLERLY* tshandMur-le. a. Like a chan- dler. Milton. CHANDLERY*, tshand'-le-re. n.s. The articles sold by a chandler. OHANDRY*, tshand'-re. n. s. The place where the candles are kept. B. Jonson. CHA'NFRIN, shan'-frfn. n. s. The forepart of the head of a horse. Farrier's Dictionary. To CHANGES, tshanje. 74. v. a. [clianger, Fr.] To put one thing in the place of another. Bacon. To quit any thing for the sake of another. South. To give and take reciprocally. Bp. Taylor. To alter. Shak. To mend the disposition. Shak. To discount a larger piece of money into several smaller. Su-ift. IfCf This word, with others of the same form, such as range, strange, mange, &c. are, in the West of Eng- land, pronounced with the short sound of a in ran, man, &c The same may be observed of the a in the first syllable of angel, ancient, &c. which, in that part of the kingdom, "sounds like the article an ; and this, though disagreeable to a London ear, and contrary to the best usage, which forms the only rule, is more ana- logical than pronouncing them as if written chainge, strainge, aincient, aingel, &c, for we find every other vowel in this situation short, as revenge, hinge, spunge, &c. W. To CHANGE, tshanje. v.n. To undergo change. Sliakspeare. To change, as the moon. Shakspeare. CHANGE, tshanje. n. s. An alteration of the slate of any thing. Job. A succession of one thing in the place of another. Dryden. The time in which the moon begins a new monthly revolution. Bacon. Novelty. Shak. [In ringing.] An alteration of the order in which a set of bells is sounded. Holder. That which makes a variety. Judges. Small money. Swift. Change for exchange ; a place for mercantile affairs. L 'Estrange. CHANGEABLE, tshanje'-a-bl. a. Subject to change. L'Estrange. Possible to be changed. Arbulhnot. Having the quality of exhibiting different appear- ances. Shakspeare. CHANGEABLENESS, tshaiyV-a-bl-nes. n. s. In- constancy. Sidney. Susceptibility of change. Hooker. CHANGEABLY, tshanje'-a-ble. ad. Inconstantly. CHANGEFUL, tshanje'-ful. a. Full of change. Spenser. CHANGELESS*, tshanje'-lgs. a. Constant. Sidney. CHANGELING, tshanje'-Hng. n. s. A child left or taken in the place of another. Spenser. An idiot ; a natural. Dryden. One apt to change. Shak. Any thing changed. Shakspeare. CHANGER, tshane'-jur. n. s. One employed in changing or discounting money. St. John. One who alters the form of any thmg. G. Fletcher. One who forsakes the cause which he had espoused. Prcv. xxiv. CHANNELS, tshaa'-nel. 99. n.s. [clianel, Fr.] The hollow bed of running waters. Spenser. An}' cavi- ty drawn .ongways. Dryden. A strait or narrow sea between two countries. A gutter or furrow of a pillar. A kennel in the street. Sluikspeare. To CHANNEL, tshan'-nei. v. a. To cut in channels. Shakspeare. CHANSON*. n.s. [Fr.] A song. Shakspeare. To CHANTS, tshant. r. a. [chanter, Fr.] To sing. Spenser. To celebrate by song. Bp. BramhalU To sing in the cathedral service. To CHANT, tshant. 78. v. n. To sing. Amos. CHANT, tshant. 79. n.s. Song; melody. Milton. A part of cathedral service, bodi with and without the organ. Mason. CHANTER, tshan'-tur. n. s. A. singer ; a songster. Wotton. The chief singer ; the priest of a chantry. Gregory. CHANTICLEER, tshan'-te-kleer. n.s. [chanter and clair, Fr.] The name given to the cock, from the clearness and loudness of his crow. Spenser. CHANTRESS, tshan'-tres. n. s. A woman singer. Milton. CHANTRY, tshan'-tre. n.s. A chapel endowed with revenue for priests to sing mass for the souls of the donors. Shakspeare. CHA'OS §, ki'-os. 353. n. s. [xdos.] The mass nf matter supposed to be in confusion before it was divided by the creation into its proper classes and elements. Bentley. Confusion. Dryden. Any thing- where the parts are undistinguished. Donne. CHAOTICK, ka-ot'-ik. a. Confused. Derlwm. To CHAP §, tshop. v. a. [yppan, Sax. to open.] To break into hiatus, or gapings. Lilly. §£r' The etymology of this word will not suffer us to write it chop ; and universal usage will not permit us to pro- nounce it chap : so that it must be classed among those incorrigible words, the pronunciation and orthography of which must ever be at variance. W. CHAP, tshop. n. s. A cleft ; an aperture. Burnet.. CHAP, tshop. n. s. The upper or under part of a beast's mouth. To CHAP*, v. n. [ceapian, Sax.] To cheap or cheapen. CHAP*, tshap. n.s. An abbreviation of chapman. Often used to designate a person of whom a con- temptuous opinion is entertained. CHAPES, tshape. n.s. [chappe, Fr.] The catch of any thing, by which it is held in its place. Sliak. CHAPEAU*, sha-p6'. n.s. [Fr.] A hat; and, in - heraldry, a cap or coronet. CHA'PEL S, tshap'-el. n. s. [capella, Lat.] A building adjoining to a church, as a parcel of the same; or separate, called a chapel of ease. Cowel. To CHA'PEL*, tshap'-el. r.ct.To deposit in a chapel Beaumont and Fletcher. CHA'PELESS, tshape'-les. a. Wanting a chape. Shakspeare. CHA'PELLAN Y, tshap'-peM-len-ne. n. s. A place founded within some church, and dependent there- on. Avlift'e. CHA'PELRY, tshap'-pel-re. n.s. The jurisdiction of a chapel. CHA'PERON, shap-ur-6cn'. n. s. [Fr.] A kind of hood or cap. Camden. &5= For the pronunciation of the last syllable, see the word Encore. W. To CHA'PERON*, shap-ur-SSn'. v. a. To attend on a ladv in a publick assembly. CHA'PF ALLEN, tshop'-faln. a. Having the mouth shrunk; silenced. B. Jonson. CHA'PITER, tshap'-e-ttir. n. s. [clmpiteau, Fr.] The upper part or capital of a pillar. Exod. CPIA'PLAFN §, tshap'-On. 208. n. s. [capellanus, Lat .] He that performs divine service in a chapel. Shak. One that officiates in domestick worship. Swift. CHA'PLAINCY*, tshap'-lin-se. n. s. The office of a chaplain. Swift. CHATLArNSHIP, tshap'-lm-shfp », s. The office of a chaplain. Milton. The possession or revenue of a chapel. CHA'PLESS, tshop'-les. a. Without any flesh about the mouth. Shakspeare. CHATLETS, tshap'-let. n. s. [chapelet, Fr.] A gar- land or wreath worn about the head. Shakspeare. A string of beads used in the Romish church. [In architecture.] A little moulding carved into round beads, pearls, or olives. A tutt ot feathers on the peacock's head. CHA'PLET*, tshap'-let. n. s. A small chapel or shrine. Hammond, 183 CHA CHA O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine. p?n; £HATMAN,tsliap'-man.88. «.s. [ceapmnn, Sax.] A cheapener; a seller 5 a market-man. Shakspcai-e. CHATPY*, tshop'-pe. a. Cleft ; cut asunder. CHAPS, tshops. to. s. The mouth of a beast of prey. Sidney. CHART, or CHAPPED, tshopt. car*, pass, [from To Chap.] CHATTER §, tshap'-tfir. n.s. [chapilre, Fr.] A di- vision of a book. Burnet. An assembly of the cler- gy of a cathedral or collegiate church. Cowel. The place where delinquents receive discipline and correction. Ayliffe. A decretal epistie. Ayliffe. Cluipter-house : the place in which assemblies of the clergv are held. AyJiffe. To CHATTER*, tshap'-tur. v. a. To tax; to correct. Dryden. CHATTREL, tshap'-trel. n. s. The capitals of pil- lars, or pilasters. Moxon. CHAR, tshar. n. s. A fish found in Winander-mere in Lancashire. Gray. To CHAR, tshar. v. a. To burn wood to a black cin- der. Woodward. CHAR$, tshare. n.s. [cyppe, Sax. work.] Work done by the day; a single job or task. Slutk. To CHAR, tshare. v. n. To work by the day, with- out being a hired servant. {r^J* " As the maid that milkg, " And does the meanest chars." — Shakspeare. Jn Ireland they seem to have retained the genuine pronunciation of this, as well as many other old Eng- lish words; I mean that which is agreeable to the or- thography, and rhyming with tar. In England it is generally heard like chair, to sit on, and its compound, char-woman like chairwoman. Skinner, I know, ad- mits that the word may be derived from the Dutch kcp.ren, to sweep ; and Junius spells the word chare, and tells us the Saxons have the same word spelled cyrre, signifying business or charge ; but, he its derivation what it will, either the orthography or the pronunciation ought to be altered ; for, as it stands at present, it is a singular and disgraceful anomaly. W. To CHAR*, tshare. v. a. To perform a business. Ray. CHAR- WOMAN, tshare'-wum-fin. to. s. A woman hired for odd work, or single da vs. Swift. CHATACT* or CHARECT*, kar'-ekt. n.s. An inscription. Skelton. CHA'RACTER§, kar'-ak-tfir. 353. n.s. [cliaracler, Lat.J A mark; a stamp. Wicliffe. A letter used in writing or printing. Sha/cspcare. The hand or Enanner of writing. Spenser. A representation of f erscnal qualities. Denham. An account of any thing - . Addison. The person with his assemblage of qualities; a personage. Dryden. Personal 5ualities; particular constitution of the mind. ''ope. Adventitious qualities impressed by a post or office. Alter bury. To CHARACTER, kar'-ak-tfir. v. a. To inscribe; to engrave. Shu/c. To describe. Beaum and Fl. CH ARACTERISM*. kar'-ak-tur-izm. n. s. The dis- tinction of character. Bp. Hall. CHARACTERI'STICAL, kar-ak-te-rfs'-te-kal. ) CHARACTERI'STICK, kar-ak-te-ris'-tik. 509. \ a. That which constitutes the character. Woodward. CHARACTERISTICALLY*, kar-ak-te-rls'-te- kal-le. ad. In a manner which distinguishes character. Spenser. CHARACTERFSTICALNE3S, kar-ak-te-rls'-te- kal-nes. n.s. The quality of being peculiar to a character. CHARACTERI'STICK, kar-ak-t*-ris'-tik. n. s. That which constitutes the chandler. Pope. CHARACTERFSTICK of & Logarithm. The same with the index or exponent. To CHARACTERIZE, kar'-ak-te-rize. v. a. To give a character of the personal qualities of any man. Swift. To engrave, or imprint. Hale. To mark with a stamp. Arbuthnot. CHARACTERLESS, kaV-ak-tfir-les. a. Without a character. Shakspeare. CHA'RACTERY, kar'-ak-t&r-re. n. s. Impression : mark. Shakspeare. CHARA'DE*, sha-rade'. to. s. [Fr.] A species of liddJe, usually in verse. Graves. CHARCOAL, tshar'-kole. n. s. [from To chark, to burn.] Coal made by burung wood under turi. Bacon. CHARD, tshard. to. s. [charde, Fr.] Chords of arti- chokes are the leaves of fair artichoke plants, lied and wrapped up all over but the top, in straw. Chambers. Chords of beet, are plants of white beet transplanted. Mortimer. To CHARGER tsharje. v. a. [charger, Fit.] To in- trust ; to commission for a certain purpose. Genesis To impute as a debt. Dryden. To impute as a crime. Dryden. To impute to, as cost. Arbuthnot. To impose as a task. Tillctson. To accuse. Wake. To challenge. Numbers. To command ; to enjoin. St. Mark. To fall upon ; to attack. Shak. To burden; to load. Shak. To cover with something adventitious. Addison. To load a gun ; to put ta expense. South. To CHARGE, tsharje. v. to. To make an onset. Granville. CHARGE, tsharje. n.s. Care; custody. Fairfax. Precept; mandate. Hooker. Commission; trust conferred. Pope. Accusation; imputation. Shak. The person or thing intrusted to the care of anoth- er. Milton. An exhortation of a judge to a jury; or bishop to his clergy. Dryden. Expense ; cost. Spenser. In later times commonly used in the plu- ral, charges. Bacon. Onset. Bacon. The signal to fall upon enemies. Dryden. The posture of a weapon fitted for the attack. Shak. A load, or burthen. Shak. What any thing can bear. Ba- con. The quantity of powder and ball put into a gun. A sort of ointment applied to the inflamma- tions and sprains of horses. Farrier's Diet. [In heraldry.] That which is borne upon the colour. Peacham. CHARGEABLE, tshar' -ja-bl. a. Expensive; cost- ly. Hayvmrd. Imputable, as a debt or crime. South. Subject to charge. Spectator. CHARGEABLENESS, tshar'-ja-bl-nes. n.s. Ex- pense; cost. Boyle. CHA TGE ABLY, tshar'-ja-ble. ad. Expensively. Aschom. CHATGEFUL, tsharje'-ful. a. Expensive ; costly. Shakspeare. Ob. J. CHARGELESS*, tsharjeMes. a. Cheap; unex- pensive. CHATGER, tshar'-jfir. 98. to. s. A large dish. St. Matt. The horse of a military officer. Kersey. CHARILY, tsha'-re-le. ad. Warily. Shakspeare. CHA'RINESS, tsha'-re-nes. n.s. Caution; nicety Shakspeare. CHARIOT §, tshar'-re-fit. 543. to. s. [car-rhod t Welsh.] A wheel carriage of pleasure, or state. Shak. A car in which men of arms were ancient- ly placed 1 Chron. A lighter kind of coach with only front seats. Prior. {5^/= If this word is ever heard as if written charrot, it is only tolerable in the most familiar pronunciation; the least solemnity, or even precision, must necessarily re- tain the sound of i, and give it three syllables. W. To CHARIOT, tshar' -re-fit. li a To convey in a chariot. Milton. CHA'RIOT-MAN*, tshar'-re-fit-man. to. s. The driver of a chariot. 2 Chron. CHARIOTE'ER, tshar-re-fit-teer'. to. s. He that drives the chariot. Dryden. CHARIOT-RACE, tshar'-re-fit-rase. to. s. A sport where chariots were driven for the prize. Addison. CHARITABLE, tshar'-e-ta-bl. a. Kind in giving alms. Bp. Taylor. Kind in judging of others. Shak. CHARITABLENESS*, tshar -"e-ta-hl-nfe. n. s. The exercise of charity; disposition to charitv. Milton. CHATITABLY, tshar'-e-ta-bie. ad. Kindly; be- nevolently. Bp. Taylor. CHARITATIVE* tshar / -e-ta-tlv. a. Disposed to tenderness. Fell. CHATJTYS, tsluV-e-le. lf >°- »•*■ [charilas, Lat.] Tenderness ; kindness ; good will; benevolence. Dryden. The theological virtue of universal love. Hooker. Liberality to ihe poor. Dryden. Alms. Shak. To CHARK, tshark. v. to. [perhaps from duxr.\ To 184 CHA CHA — no. move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 61\ ; — pound ; — th'm, this. burn to a black cinder, as wood is burned to make j charcoal. Grew. ?HA RLATAN §, sharMa-tan. 52S. n. s. [cliarlaian, Fr.] A quack ; a mountebank. Broun. CHARLATA'NICAL, shar-la-tan'-e-kal. a. Quack- ish.. Cowley. CHA'RLATANRY, sharMa-tan-re. re. s. Wheed- ling; deceit. CHARLES S-WA IN, tsharlz'-lz-wane'. n.s. [karl- icagn, Goth.] The northern constellation, called the Bear. Brown. CHARLOCK, tsharMok. n.s. [cerhce, Sax.] A weed growing- among the corn with a yellow flower. CHARM §, tsharm. n. s. [clmrme, Fr.] Words, or philters, or characters. Something of power to sub- 1 due opposition, and gain the affections. Roscommon. To CHARM, tsharm. v. a. To fortify with charms against evil. Sliak. To make powerful by charms. To summon bv incantation. Sltak. To subdue by some secret power. Jerem. To subdue the mind by pleasure, Shak. To tune 5 to temper. Spenser, j To CHARM*, tsharm. v.n. To sound harmonically. Milton. CHA'RMED, tsharmd. a. Enchanted. Sidney. CHA'RMER, tshar'-mur. n. s. One that has the power of charms. Deut. Word of endearment among lovers. Shenslone. CHA'RMERESS*, tsharm'-fir-es. n.s. An enchan- tress. Chaucer. CHA'RMFUL* tsharm'-f&l. a. Abounding with charms. Cowley. CHAR3.UNG, lshar / -m!ng. part. a. Pleasing in the highest decree. Sprat. GHA'RMHUjfLY, tshar'-mlng-le. ad. In such a man- ner as »o please exceedingly. Shakspeare. CHA'RMINGNESS, tshar'-nilng-iigs. n. s. The power of pleasing. CHATiNEL. tshar'-uel. a. [charnel, Fr.] Containing flesh, or carcasses. Milton. CHA'RNEL-HOUSE, tshir'-nel-house. n. s. [char- mer, Fr.] The place under churches where the bones of the dead are reposited. Shakspeare. CHARTS, kart, or tshart. [tshart, Perry fy Jones.] n. s. [churtu, Lat.] A delineation of coasts, for the j use of sailors. Arbuthnot. 35= As this word is perfectly anglicised, by cutting off I the a in the Latin charta, and rjs in the Greek ^a/jrrjg. we ought certainly to naturalize the initial letters by pronouncing them as in charter, charity, &.c. ; but such is our fondness for Latin and Greek originals, that we catch at the shadow of a reason for pronouncing after these languages, though in direct opposition to the laws of our own. Thus we most frequently, if not universally, hoar this word pronounced as cart, a carriage, and perfectly like the French carte. TV. CHART EL*. See Cartel. CHA'RTER, tshar'-tfir. n.s. [charta, Lat.] A writ- ten evidence. Any writing bestowing privileges I or rights. Shale. Privilege ; immunity. Siiukspeare. CIIA'RTER-LAND*, tshar'-tur-land. n.s. Such land as a man holds by charter. Coke. CHA'RTER-PARTY, tsbar'-tfir-par-te. n. s. [char- tre partie, Fr.] A paper relating to a contract, of which each party has a copy, Hale. CH.VRTERED.tshar / -turd.359.a.Privileged.S/iayir. CHA'RTREUX*,Mx>-trM>. i n. s. [Fr.] A CHAR TRE USE*, shar'-troSze. $ celebrated monastery of Carthusians. Siiukspeare. CHA'RTtfLARY*. See Cartulary. CHA'RY, tsha'-re. a. [cearii^, Sax.] Careful; cau- tious. Carew. To CHASE $, tshase. v. a. [chaser, Fr.] To hunt. Isaiah. To pursue as an enemy. Judges. To drive away. Proverbs. To follow as a thing desirable. To drive. Knolles. To CHASE Metals. See To Enchase. CHASE, tshase. re. s. Hunting. ' Somerrille. Pursuit of any thing as game. Shakspeare. Fitness to be j hunted. Shakspeare. Pursuit of an enemy. Baron. ' Pursuit of something as desirable. Dryden. The game hunted. Sidney. Open ground stored with such beasts as are hunted. Shakspeare. — The chase of a. gun, is the whole bore or length. C "numbers. A term at the game of tennis, signifying the spot where a ball falls, beyond which the adversary must strike his bail to gain a chase. Shakspeare. CHASE-GUN, tshase'-gun. n.s. Guns in the lbrepart of the ship. Dryden. CHA'SEABLE*, or CHA'CEABLE*, tshase'-a-bl. a. Fit for the chase. Gamer. CHA'SER, tsha'-sfir. n. s. Hunter ; pursuer ; driver. Shakspeare. An enchaser. CHASM, kazm. 353. n.s. [^dapa.] A breach un closed. Locke. A place unfilled; a vacuity. Dryden. CHA'SMED*, kaz'med. a. Having gaps or openings. CHA'SSELAS, shas'-se-las. re.s.[Fr.] A sort of grape. CHASTE §,-tshaste. a. [castas, Lat.] Pure from all commerce of sexes. Prior. Pure; uncorrupl. Free from obscenity. Waits. True to the marriage bed. TMus. CHASTE-EYED*, tshaste'-lde. a. Having modest eyes. Collins. CHA/STELY, tshaste'-le. ^.Without incontinence ; purely. Shakspeare. Without violation of decent ceremony. Beaumont and Fletcher. To CHA'STEN, tshase'-tn. 405. v. a. To correct; to punish. Proi-erbs. 25= This word is sometimes falsely pronounced with the a short, so as to rhyme with fasten ; but it is exactly under the same predicament as the verb to haste, which, when formed into what is called an inchoative verb, be- comes hasten, and with which chasten is a perfect rhyme. TV. CHA'STENER*, tshase'-tn -fir. n. s. He who corrects. CHA'STENESS, tshaste'-nes. n.s. Chastity; purity. Danes. Purity of writing. Burnet. ToCHASTI'SEf, tshas-tizV. v. a. [chastier, Fr.] To punish. To reduce to order; to reoress. CHASTFSEABLE*, tshas-dze'-a-bl. a. Deserving chastisement. Sherwood. CHASTPSEMENT, tshas'-tlz-ment. [See Adver- tise.] n. s. Correction : punishment. Shakspeare. CHAStTSER*, tshas-tl'-zur. n. s. He who corrects by punishment. Sir E. Sandys. CHASTITY, tshas'-te-te. 511. n.s. [castitas, Lat.] Purity of the body. Shakspeare. Freedom from ob- scenity. Siiukspeare. Freedom from bad mixture of any kind. Bp. Compton. §^p I have in this word departed from Mr. Sheridan, and several other speakers, in the sound of the a in the first syllable, as no analogy can be clearer than that which prevails in words of this termination, where the antepe- nultimate accent always shortens the vowel. Thus, though the a, e, and i, are long in humane, serene, and divine, they are short in humanity , serenity, and divini- ty ; and unless custom clearly forbids, which I do not believe is the case, chastity ought certainly to have the a as I have marked it. TV. To CHAT, tshat. v. n. [contracted from chatter.] To prate ; to converse at ease. Spenser. Dnjden. To GHAT^ tshat. v. a. To talk of. Shakspeare. CHAT, tshat. n. s. Idle talk ; prate. Siiukspeare. CHAT, tshat. re. s. The keys of trees. CHA' TEA U*, sha-uV. re. s. [Fr.] A castle. CHA'TELET*, tshat'-e-let. re. s. [diminut. of clia- teau, Fr.] A little castle. Chambers. CHA'TELLANY, tshat'-tel-len-e. n.s. The district under the dominion of a castle. Swift. CHATTEL, tshat'-tl. 405. n. s. [katilu, Goth.] Any movable possession : a term used in forms of law Shakspeare. To CHATTERS, tshat'-tfir. v.n. [caqueter, Fr.] To make a noise as a pie, or other unharmonious bird. Isaiah. To make a noise by collision of the teeth. Dryden. To talk idly or carelessly Jordun. CHATTER, tshat'-tfir. n. s. Noise like that of a pie or monkey. Swift. Idle prate. CHATTERBOX*, tshat'-tur-b6ks. re. s. A word of contempt, applied to such as are perpetually talk- ing idly. CHATTERER, tshat'-tfir-rfir. re. s. An idle talker. Sherwood. CHATTERING*, tsbat'-tur-iug. n. s. Idle or un profitable talk. Watts. CHATTY* tshat'-te. a. Chattering; conversing freely. Mountagu. 185 CHE CHE O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, pin CHA'TWOOD, tshat'-wud. n. s. Little sticks; fuel. CHA'UDRON*. See Chawdron. CHA UM ONTE'LLE, sh6-mon-tel'. n.s. [Fr.] A sort of pear. CHAUN §*, tshawn. n. s. [£eonan, Sax.] A gap ; a chasm. Cotgrave. To CHAUN*, tshawn. v. n. To open. Slierwood. CHAUNT*. See Chant. CHA'VENDER, tshav'-fn-dur. n. s. [chevesne, Fr.] The chub; a tish. Walton. To CHAW §, tshaw. v. a. [ceopan, Sax. The old past participle is clmwen ; the modern, cliaived.] To masticate; to chew. Spenser. CHAW, tshaw. n. s. The chap; the upper or under part of a beast's mouth. Ezeltiel. CHA'WDRON, tshaw'-drun. n. s. Entrails. Shak. CHAWN*. SeeCHAUN. CHEAP 5, tshepe. a. [ceapan, Sax.] To be had at a low price. Locke. Of small value. S/uzkspeare. CHEAP, tshepe. n.s. Market; bargain. Sidney. To CHE'APEN, tshe'-pn. 103. v. a. To ask the price of any commodity. SI Dryden, of any commodity. Shakspeare. To lessen value. CHE'APENER* tshe'-pn-ur. n. s. A bargainer. Sherwood. CHE'APLY, tshepe'-le. ad. At a small price. Shak. CHE'APNESS, tshepe'' -nes. n.s. Lowness of price. Bacon. CHEAR. See Cheer. ToCHEAT §,tsh&e.v.a. [ceafcfc,Sax.] To defraud; to impose upon. Dryden. CHEAT, tshete. n. s. A fraud ; a trick. Temple. A person guilty of fraud. South. CHE'ATABLENESS*, tshete'-a-bl-nes. n.s. Lia- bleness to be deceived. Hammond. CHEAT-BREAD*, tshete'-breU n. s. Fine bread ; bought bread; in opposition to that of a coarser qual- ity, usually baked at home. Com. of Eastward Hoe. CHEAPER, tshe'-tur. 95. n. s. One that practises fraud. Shakspeare. To CHECK §, tsh£k. v. a. [ecliecs, Fr.] To repress ; to curb. Shakspeare. To reprove; to chide. Shak. To compare a bank note or other bill with the correspondent paper. To control by a counter reckoning. To CHECK, tshek. r. n. To stop. Shakspeare. To clash ; to interfere. Bacon. To strike with repres- sion. Dryden. CHECK, tsh£k. n. s. Repressure ; stop ; sudden re- straint. Shakspeare. Restraint; curb. Hay ward. A reproof; a slight. Shakspeare. A dislike ; a sud- den disgust Dryden. [In falconry.] When a hawk forsakes her proper game. Beaumont and FletcJier. The person checking. Clarendon. Any stop or interruption. Holder. The corresponding cipher of a bank bill. This word is often corruptly used for the draft itself of the person on his banker. A term used in the game of chess. Linen cloth fabricated in squares. — Clerk of tlie check has the check and controlment of the yeomen of the guard. To CHE'CKER, or CHEQUER, tshek'-ur. v. a. To variegate or diversify. Sliakspeare. CHE'CKER, tshek' -ur. ) n. s. Work CHF/CKER- WORK, tshek'-ur-wurk. \ varied al- ternately as to its colours or materials. 1 Kings. CHE'CKER*, or CHE'QUER*, tsheV-ur. n. s. A chess-board, or draught-board. CHE'CKER*, tshek'-ur. n. s. A reprehender; a re- buker. Slierwood. CHE'CKLESS*, tshek'-les. a. Uncontrollable ; vio- lent. Marston. CHE'CKMATE, tshek'-mate. n. s. [echec et mat, Fr.] The movement on the chess-board, that kills the opposite men, or when the king is actually made prisoner, and the game finished. Svenser. To CHE'CKMATE*, tshek'-mate. v. a. To finish, jguratively. Skelton. CHE'CKROLL, tshek'-r6le. n. s. A roll or book, containing the names of such as are attendants on great personages. Bacon. CHEEK §,tsheek. n.s. [ceac, Sax.] The side of the iace below the eye. Sliakspeare. Among me- chanicks, all those pieces of their machines that are double, and perfectly alike. Cliambers. CHE'EKBONE, tsheek'-bAne. n. s. The bone of the cheek. Psalm, iii. CHEEK by Jowl*. Closeness ; proximity. Beaumont and Fletcher. CHE'EKTOOTH, tsheek'-tfl&fc. n.s. The hinder tooth or tusk. Joel. CHE'EKED*, tsheekt. a. Brought near the cheek Cotton. To CHEEP*, tsheep. v. n. To pule or chirp, like a young bird. Cotgrave. Ob. T. CHEER, tsheer. n. s. [chere, Fr.] Entertainment. Shakspeare. Livitation to gayety. Shak. Gayety ; jollity. Shakspeare. Air of the countenance. Spen- ser. Acclamation; shout of triumph or applause. To CHEER, tsheer. v. a. To incite ; to encourage. Knolles. To comfort. Shak. To gladden. Pope To CHEER, tsheer. v.n. To grow gay. A. Philips CHE'ERER, tshee'-rur. n. s. Gladdener ; giver ol gayety. Wotton. CHE'ERFUL, tsheer'-ful, or tsher'-ful. a. Gay ; full of life. Having an appearance of gayety. Proverbs, Causing cheerfulness. Phillips. 0^= This word, like fearful, has contracted an irregular pronunciation, that seems more expressive of the turn of mind it indicates than the long open e, which lan- guishes on the ear, and is not akin to the smartness and vivacity of the idea. We regret these irregularities, but they are not to be entirely prevented •> and, as they sometimes arise from an effort of the mind to express the idea more forcibly, they should not be too studious- ly avoided ; especially when custom has given them con- siderable currency ; which I take to be the case with the short pronunciation of the present word. Mr. Sheridan and some other orthoepists seem to adopt the latter pronunciation; and W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, the former ; and as this is agreeable to the or- thography, and, it may be added, to the etymology, (which indicates that state of mind which arises from being full of good cheer,) it ought, unless the other has an evident preference in custom, to be looked upon as the most accurate. 246, 247. W. CHE'ERFULLY, tsheer'-ful-le. ad. Without dejec- tion ; with willingness ; with gayety. Shakspeare. CHE'ERFULNESS, tsheer'-ful-nes. n. s. Freedom from dejection ; alacrity. Freedom from gloomi- ness. Sidney. CHE'ERILY*. tsheer-'-e-le. ad. Cheerfully. Beau- mont and FletcJier. CHE'ERISHNESS*, tsheer'-fsh-nes. n. s. State of cheerfulness. Milton. CHE'ERLESS, tsheerMes. a. Without gayety or gladness. Spenser. CHE'ERLY, tsheer'-le. a. Gay ; cheerful. Ray. CHE'ERLY, uheerMe. ad. Cheerfully. Shakspeare. CHE'ERY, tshee'-re. a. Gay ; sprightly. Gay. CHEESE §, tsheeze. n. s. [ceye, Sax.] A kind of food made by pressing the curd of coagulated milk, and suffering the mass to dry. CHE'ESECAKE, tsheeze'-kake. 247. n. s. A cake made of soft curds, sugar, and butter. CHE'ESEMONGER, tsheeze'-mung-gfir. w. s. One who deals in cheese. CHEESEPARING*, tsheeze'-pa-rmg. n. s. The rind or paring of cheese. Beaumont and Fletcher. CHE'ESEPRESS, tsheeze'-nres. k. s. The press in which curds are pressed. Gay. CHE'ESEVAT, tsheeze'-vat. n. s. The wooden case in which the curds are confined in pressing. Glan- ville. CHE'ESY, tshee'-ze. a. Having the nature of cheese. Arbuthnot. CHE'LY, ke'-le. 353. n. s. [chela, Lat.] The claw of a shell fish. Brown. CHEMISE*, she-meze'. n. s. [Fr.] A shift. [In for tification.] A wall wherewith a bastion, or ditch, is lined. CHE'MISTRY. See Chymistry. CHE'QUER. See Checker. CHE'QUER*. n. s. An abbreviation of exchequer A treasury. CHE'QUER-ROLL*. See Checkroll. CHE'QUER- WORK*. See Checker- work 186 CHE CHI -n6, m6ve, n8r ; n8t; — u!ibe, t8b, bull} — 611; — pound; — thin, THis. plural of Angelical. Slwlcspeare. n. s. A cherub. Dry- n. To chirp ; to use a CHEQUIN*. SeeCECCHiN 7b CHE'RISH $, tsheV-rlsh. v. a. [chair, Fr.] To encourage, help, and shelter Ephes. CHE'RISHER, tsher'-rlsh-fir. n.s. An encourager ; a supporter. Wotton, CHE'IUSHING*, tsher'-rlsh-lng. n.s. Support j en- couragement. Decay of Piety. CHE'RISHINGLY*, tsheV-rish-lng-le. ad. In an af- fectionate manner. CHE'RISHMENT, tsher'-rlsh-ment. n. s. Encour- agement. Spenser. Ob. J. CHERN*. See Churn. CHE'RRY$, tsher'-re. ) n. s. {cerastes, CHERRY-TREE, tsher'-re-tree. $ Lat.] A tree and fruit. Miller. CHE'RRY, tsheV-re. a. Resembling a cherry in col- our. Shakspeare. CHE'RRY-BAY, tsher'-re-ba. n.s. See Laurel. CHE'RRY-CHEEKED, tsher'-re-tsheekt. a. Having ruddy cheeks. Fansliawe. CHE'RRYPIT, tsher'-re-plt. n. s. A child's play, in which they throw cherry-stones into a small hole. SlwJcspeare. CHE'RSONESE,ker / -s6-nes. 353. n.s. tytpnvtKms.] A peninsula. Sir T. Herbert. CHERTS, tshert. n. s. A kind of flint. Woodward. CHE'RTY*, tsheV-te. a. Flinty. Pennant. CHE'RUB$, tsher'-ub. n.s. [a*tt plur. cherubim.] A celestial spirit, which, in the hierarchy, is placed next in order to the seraphim. Exodus. CHER CUBICAL* tshe-ru'-be-kal. ( a. Angelical. CHERU'BICK, tshe-ru'-blk. S Sheldon. CHE'RUBIM, tsheV-u-blm. n. s. The cJm-ub. CHE'RUBlN,tsheV-u-bln. a CHE'RUBIN*, tsheV-u-bin. den. To CHE'RUP, tsher'-up. v. cheerful voice. Spenser. CHE'RVIL, tsher'-vll. n.s. [cejipille, Sax.] An um- belliferous plant. Miller. CHE'SIBLE*, tshez'-e-bl. n. s. [casuble, old Fr.] A short vestment without sleeves, which a Popish priest wears at mass. Bale. CHE SLIP, tsh&Mlp. n. s. A small vermin, that lies under stones or tiles. Skinner. CHESS §, tsh&s. n. s. A nice and abstruse game, in which two sets of puppets are moved in opposition to each other. Denham. CHE'SS-APPLE, tsheV-ap-pl. n. s. A species of wild service. CHE SS-BQARD, tshes'-bord. n. s. The board on which the game of chess is played. Prior. CHE'SS-MAN, tshes'-man. 88. n. s. A puppet for chess Loc/fcp CHE'SS-PLAYER, tsheV-pla-ur. n. s. A gamester at chess. Drvden. CHE'SSOM, tshes'-sum. 166. n. s. Mellow earth. Bacon. CHEST §, tshest. re, s. [kest, Celt.] A box in which things are laid up. Shakespeare. A chest of draw- ers. A case with movable boxes or drawers. The trunk of the body, or cavity from the shoul- ders to the belly. Brown. To CHEST, tshest. v. a. To reposit in a chest To 5 lace in a coffin. Terry. EST-FOUNDERING, tshest'-foun-dor-lng. «. s. Resembling a pleurisy. Fan-ier's Diet. CHEATED, tshest'-ed. a. Having a chest. CHESTNUT, tshes'-nut. ) n. s. [chas- CHE'STNUT-TREE, tshes'-nut-tre. $ taigne, Fr.] [Sometimes written, chesnut. T.] A tree and fruit Miller. The name of a brown colour. Slwk- speare. CHE'STON, tshes'-tun. n. s. A species of plum. CHE'VACHIE* tshev'4-tshe. n. s. [Fr.] An expe- dition with cavalry. Chancer. Ob. T. CHE'VAGE*. SeeCHiEFAGE. CHEV ALTER, shev-a-leer'. 352. n.s. [Fr.] A knight ; a gallant, strong man. Shakspeare. CHEVA' UXde Frise, shev-o-de-freeze'. 352. n.s. A piece of timber traversed with wooden spikes, used || in defending a passage, or making a retrenchment to stoD the cavalry. CHE'VEN, tshev'-vn. 103. n.s. [chevesne, Fr.] A river fish ; the chub. Sir T. Brown. CHE'VERIL, tshev'-er-ll. n. s. [chevrel, Fr.] A kid ; kid-leather. Shakspeare. To CHE' VERIL1ZE*, tshev'-er-ll-lze. v. a. To make as pliable as kid-leather. Momiiagu. Ob. T. [Fr.] Enter- Spenser. S pi w CHE 1 VISANCE, shev'-e-zanse. prise ; achievement. Sptnser. Barga Ob. J. CHEVRON, tsheV-run. n.s. [Fr.] One of the honourable-ordinaries in heraldry. Harris. CHE'VRONED*, tshev'-rfind. a. Variegated in the shape of a chevron. B. Jonson. CHE'VRONEL*, tsheV-rd-nel. n. s. A diminutive of the heraldick chevron. To CHEW §, tsh68, or tshaw. v. a. [ceopan, Sax.] To masticate. SlwJcspeare. To meditate ; or ru- minate in the thoughts. Prior. To taste without swallowing. Shakspeare. 05= The latter pronunciation is grown vulgar. W. To CHEW, tsh88. v. n. To ruminate. Sfwkspeare. CHEW*, tsh88. n. s. A vulgarism ; as, a cliew of to- bacco. CHE'WING*, tshfto'-lng. n.s. Mastication. CHE' WET*, tshdo'-et. n.s. A pie consisting of va rious articles, chopped. Florio. CHFBBAL*, tshiV-bal. n. s. [ciboule, Fr.] A smal kind of onion. Beaumont and Fletcher. CHICANER she-kane'. 352. n.s. [chicane, Fr.] The art of protracting a contest by petty objection and artifice. Locke. Artifice in general. Prior. To CHICA'NE, she-kane'. v. n. To prolong a con- test by tricks. Lord Chesterfield. CHICANER, she-kaZ-nur. n. s. A petty sophister. CHICA'NERY, she-ka'-nur-e. n. s. Mean arts of wrangle. Arbuihnot. CHFCHES, tshltsh'-ez. n. s. [chiches, Fr.] Dwarf peas, or vetches. B. Googe. CH ICK §, tshlk. In. s. [cicen, Sax. Chick- CHICKEN, tshfk'-ln. 104. $ en is the old plural of chick.] The young of a bird, particularly of a hen ; small bird. Slwkspeare. A word of tender- ness. Shakspeare. A term for a young person Sivift. To CHICK*, tshlk. v. n. [cicen, Sax.] To sprout, as seed in the ground; to vegetate. CHFCKEN HEARTED, tshik'-m-har-ted. a. Cow- ardly ; timorous. The CHFCKENPOX, tshlk'-en-p&ks. n. s. An ex- anthematous distemper, so called from its being of no very great danger. CHFCKLING, tslnV-llng. n.s. A small chicken. CHFCKPEAS, tshlk'-peze. n. s. A kind of degen- erate pea. Miller. CHFCKWEED, tshlk'-weed. n. s. The name of a plant. Wiseman. To CHIDE §, tshlde. v. a. preter. chid, or clwde, part. chid, or chidden, [chiban, part, chib, Sax.] To re- prove ; to check. Shakspeare. To drive with re- proof. Shakspeare. To blame. Dryden. To CHIDE, tshlde. v. n. To clamour ; to scold. Wiclifj'e. To quarrel with. Numbers,. To make a noise. Shakspeare. CHIDE*, tshlde. n. s. Murmur; gentle noise. Thorns. CHFDER, tshl'-dur. 98. n. s. A rebuker. Abp. Cran- mer. CHFDERESS*, tshide'-res. n. s. She who chides. Chancer. Ob. T. CHFDING*, tshlde'-Ing. n. s. Rebuke ; quarrel. Ex- odus. Simply, noise ; sound. Slwkspeare. CHFDINGLY*, tshlde'-lng-le. ad. After the manner of chiding. Huloet. CHIEFS, tsheef. a. [chef, Fr.] Principal ; most emi- nent. 1 Kings. Extraordinary. Proverbs. ' Capi- tal ; of the first order. Locke. CHIEF, tsheef. 275, n.s. A military commander, Milton, hi chief. [Inlaw.] By personal service, Bacon. Achievement; a mark of distinction Spenser. [In heraldry.] The chief possesses the upper third part of the escutcheon. Peaclum. 187 CHI CHI [D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- CHIEF*, tsheef. ad. Chiefly. Thomson. CHIEFS, tsheef. n. s. [chef, from cfieoir, Fr.] Hup ; fortune. Not now in use, except in the compound mischief, CHFEFAGE* or CHE'VAGE* tsheev'-aje. n.s. [chevagre, Fr.] A tribute by the head. CJmmbers. CHFEFDOM, tsheef -dfim. n. s. Sovereignty. Spen- ser. Oh. J. CHFEFLESS, tsheef-les. a. Wanting a leader. Pope. CHFEFLY, tsheef -le. ad. Principally. Drijden. CHFEFRIE, tsheef -re. n.s. A small rent paid to the lord paramount. CHFEFTA1NS, tsheef -tin. 208. n. s. [chefetain,Fv.] A leader ; a commander. Spenser. The head of a clan. Davies. ftCf This word ought undoubtedly to follow captain, cur- tain, villain, Sec. in the pronunciation of the last sylla- ble ; though, from its being less in use, we are not so well reconciled to it. W. CHFEFTA1NRY*. tsheef -tin-re. ) n . CHFEFTAINSHIP*, tsheef -tin-ship. $ n ' s ' Headship. Smollett. CHIEYANCE, tshee'-vanse. n.s. [aclievance, Fr.] Traffick, in which money is extorted j as discount. Bacon. Ob. J To CHIEVE*, or CHEVE*, tsheev. v.n. [chevir, Fr.] To turn out ; to come to a conclusion ; to suc- ceed. Chancer. Ray. CHI'LBLAIN, tshiF-blane. n. s. Sores made by frost. Temple. CHILD 5, tshlld. n. s. [cilb, Sax.] pi. children. An infant, or very young- person. Spenser. One in the line of filiation, opposed to the parent. Acts. De- scendants, how remote soever, are called children ; as, the children of Israel. Judges. [In the language of scripture.] Persons in general. Isaiah, x. 19. A girl child. Sliak. Any thing the product of an- other. Shak. A noble youth. Chaucer. — To be with child. To be pregnant. Shakspeare. To CHILD, tshlld. v. n. To bring children. Shak. To CHILD*, tshlld. v. a. To bring forth children. Spenser. CHFLDBEARING, tshlld'-ba-ring. n.s The act of bearing children. Milton. CHI'LDBED, tshlkf-bed. n, s. The state of a wo- man being in labour. Bacon. CHFLDBIRTH, tshil d'-berf/i. n. s. The time or act of bringing forth. Sidney. CHFLDED, tshll'-ded. a. Furnished with a child. Shakspeare. CHFLDERMAS-DAY, tshiK-dSr-mas-da. n. s. [cilbamar-ye-bae^, Sax.] The day of the week, throughout the year, answering to the day on which the feast of the Hoi v Innocents is solemnized. Carew. CHFLDHOOD, tshlld'-hud. n.s. [cilbhab, Sax.] The state of children. Shak. The time of life be- tween infancy and puberty. Arbuthnot. The prop- erties of a child. Dryden. CHFLDISH, tshlld'-ish. a. Having the qualities of a child. Bacon. Trifling; puerile. Sidney. CHFLDISHLY, tshlld°ish-le. ad. In a childish, trifling way. Hooker. CHILDISHMFNDEDNESS* tshlld-ish-mlnd'-gd- ne\s. n.s. Triflingness. Bacon. CHFLDISHNESS, tshlld'-ish-ngs. n. s. Puerility. Shakspeare. Harmlessness. Shakspeare. CHFLDLESS, tshikf-Jes. a. Without offspring. 1 Samuel. CHFLDLIKE, tshlld'-llke. a. Becoming or beseem- ing a child. Hooker. CHFLDLY*, tshild'-le. a. Like a child. Lidgate. Ob. T. CHFLIAD, kil'-e-ad. n. s. [yiAw.] A thousand. Holder. CHILIA'EDRON, kil'-e-a-e'-drftn. n. s. A figure of a thousand sides. Locke. g$= This word ought to have the accented e long ; not on account of the quantity of the Greek word, bat. because, where no rule forbids, we ought to make vowels accent- ed on the penultimate, long. 542. W. CHFLIARCH*, kil'-e-ark. n.s. A commander of a thousand. CHFL1ARCHY*, kll'-e-ar-ke. n.s. A oody consist- ing of a thousand men. CHFLIAST*, k'ii'-e-ast. n.s. One of the sect of the nillenarians. Pagitt. CHILIFA'CTP/E, kil-e-fak'-tiv. a. [from chile, or chyle.~\ That which makes chyle. Brown. CHILIFA'CTORY, yi-e-fak'-to-re. a. That which has the quality of making chyle. Brown. CHILlFlCA'TIO^kil'-e-fe-ka'-sh&n. n s. The act of making chyle. Brown. CHILLS, tshli. a. [cele, Sax.] Cold. Milton. Hav- ing the sensation of cold. Rowe. Dull ; not warm. Depressed ; cold of temper. CHILL, tshil. n.s. Chilness; cold. DerJiam. To CHILL, tshil. v. a. To make cold. Dryden. To depress; to deject. Rogers. To blast with cold. Blackmore. To CHILL*, tshil. v. n. To shiver. CHFLL1NESS. tshlF-le-nes. n.s. A sensation of shivering cold. Arbuthnot. CHFLLY, tshil'-le. a. Somewhat cold. Wotton. CHI LLY*, tshil'-le. ad. Coldly. Shemoood. CHFLNESS, tshil'-nes. n. s. Coldness. Bacon. CHIMB, tshlme. n. s. [kime, Dut.] The end of a bar- rel or tub. CHIME §, tshlme. n. s. [chirme, or churme.'] The con- sonant or harmonick sound of many correspond- ent instruments. Milton. The correspondence of sound. Dryden. The sound of bells, not rung by ropes, but struck with hammers. Shak. The cor- respondence of proportion or relation. Grew. To CHIME, tshlme. v. n. To sound in harmony or consonance. Prior. To correspond in relation or proportion. Locke. To agree ; to fall in with. Ar- buthnot. To suit with ; to agree. To jingle ; to clatter. Smith. To CHIME, tshlme. v.a. To move, or strike, or cause to sound with just consonancy. Drijden. CHFMER*, tshl'-mur. n. s. He who chimes the bells. Sherwood. CHIME'RA $, ke-me ; -ra. 353, 120. n.s. [chimcera, Lat.] A vain and wild fancy. Dryden. CHIME'RE*. she-mere', n.s. [ciamare, ltal.] A robe. Wheatley. See Simar. CHIME RICAL, ke-meV-re-kal. a. Imaginary ; fan- ciful. Bp. Hall. CHIME'RICALLY, ke-meV-re-kal-e. ad. Vainly ; wildly. To CHFMERIZE*, kW-er-lze. v. n. To entertain wild fancies. Translation of Boccalini. Ob. T. CHFMINAGE. kW-min-aje. n. s. [chemin.] A toll for passage through a forest. Cowel. CHFMNEY§, tshim'-ne. n.s. [cheminee, Fr.] The passage through which the smoke ascends from die fire in the house. Swift. The turret raised above the roof of the house for conveyance of the smoke. Shakspeare. The fireplace. Shakspeare. CHFMNEY-CORNER^shim'-ne-kcV-nfir. n.s. The fireside ; the seat on each end of the firegrate. Denham. CHFMNEY-MONEY*, tshim'-ne-mun'-ne. n. s. Hearth-money, a tax imposed in Charles the Second's time. CHFMNEY-PIECE, tshim'-ne-peese. n.s. The work round the fireplace. South. CHIMNEYSWEEPER, tshim'-ne-swee-pur. n. s. One whose trade it is to clean chimneys. Shak. Proverbially, one of a mean and vile occupation. Shaksvcare. CHFMNEYTOP*, tshinf-ne-t&p. n. s. The summit of a chimney. Slmkspeare. CHIN$, tshin. n.s. [cmne, Sax.l The part of the face beneath the under lip. Sidney. CHFNNED*, tshind. a. Used in composition for hav- ing a long or short chin. Kersey. CHFNA, tsha'-ne, or tshr'-na. [tshl'-na, Perry.] n. s. China ware ; porcelain ; a species of vessels made in China. $5= What could induce us to so irregular a pronunciation of this word is scarcely to be conceived. One would be 128 CHI CHO — 116, mSve, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pound ; — th'm, apt to suppose that the French first imported this porce- lain, r.nd that, when we purchased it of them, we called it Dy *.heir pronunciatio:i of China (Sheen) ; hut being unwilling to drop the c, and desirous of preserving the French sound of i, we awkwardly transposed these sounds, and turned China into Chainec. This absurd pronunciation seems only tolerable when we apply it to the porcelain of China, or the oranges, which are im- properly called China oranges; but even in these cases it seems a pardonable pedantry to reduce the word to its true sound. W. CHFNA-ORANGE, tsha/-na-&r / -nije. [tshl'-nd-or'- inje, Perry.] n. s. The sweet orange ; brought originally from China. Mortimer. CHINA-ROOT, tshl'-na-rodt. n. s. A medicinal root, from China. CHFNCOUGH, tsluV-k&f. n. s. [kincken, Dutch, to pant, and cough. ,] A violent and convulsive cough, to which children are subject. Floyer. CHINE S, tshlne. n. s. [eschine, Fr.] The part of the back, in which the spine or back-bone is found. Sidney. A piece of the back of an animal. Shak. To CHINE, tshlne. v. a. To cut into chines. Dry den. CHFNED*, tshlnd. a. Relating to the back. Beau- mont and Fletcher. CHINE'SE*, tshl-nees'. n.s. Used elliptically for the language and people of China : plural, Chineses. Sir T. Herbert. CHFNGLE*, tshlng'-gl. n. s. Gravel, free from dirt. Donne. CHINKS, tshfagk. n.s. [cinan, Sax.] A small aper- ture longwise. 7b CHINK §, tshingk. v. a. [from the sound.] To shake so as to make a sound. Pope. To CHINK, tshingk. v. n. To sound by striking each other. Arbuthnot. To CHUNKS*, tshingk. v. a. To break into apertures or chinks. Cotgrave. To CHINK*, tshingk. v. n. To open, or gape. Barret. CHFNKY, tshfngk'-e. a. Opening into narrow clefts. Di'vden. CHlNTS, tshlnts. n. s. Cloth of cotton made in India, and printed with colours. Pope. CHFOPPINE, tshop-pene'. 112. n.s. [from chapin. Span.] A high shoe, formerly worn by ladies". Sliakspeare. To CHIP, tship. v. a. To cut into small pieces ; to diminish, by cutting away a little at a time. Shak. CHIPS, CHEAP, CHIPPING, in the names of places, imply a market, [cyppan, ceapan, Sax.] Gibson. To CHIP*, tshlp. v.n. [kippen, Dutch.] To break, or c^ack. CHIP, tshlp. n. s. A small piece taken off by a cutting instrument. Bacon. A small piece. Woodward. CHIP-AXE*, tshlp'-aks. n. s. A one-handed plane- axe. Huloet. CHFPPING, tship'-plng. n.s. A fragment cut off. B. Jonson. CHIRA'GRA*, kl-rag'-gra. n.s. [%elp and aypos.] The gout in the hands only. CHIRA'GRICAL^l-rag'-gre-kal. 120,353. a. Hav- ing the gout in the hand. Brown. To CHIRK S*,tsherk. v.n. [circlce?i,Te\it.] To chirp. Chancer. To CHIRM*, tsherm. v. n. To sing, as a bird. Wo- dmephe's French Grammar. CHFROGRAPH §*, kl'-r6-graf. n. s. [ x dp and y 9 d- - j/oj.] One that cures ailments by outward applica- tions and operations. It is now generally wmten surgeon. South. CHlRU'RGERY, kl-rur'-je-re. n. s. The art of cur ing by external applications. Surgerv. Sidney. CHIRU'RGICAL, kl-nV-je-kal. ) a. Belon-ring- to CHIRU'RGICK, kl-rur'-jik. 353. \ surgery! Mor- timer. Relating to the manual part of healing. Warton. Manual in general. Wilkins. CHFSELS, tsiuV-zn. 102,99. n.s. [ciseau, Fr.] An instrument with which wood or stone is pared Sliakspeare. To CHFSEL, tslnV-zll. 102. v. a. To cut with a chisel. Hawes. CHITS, tshit. n. s. [chico, Span.] A child; a baby Tatler. The shoot of corn from the end of the grain. Mortimer. A freckle. To CHIT, tshit. v. n. To sprout. Mortimer. CHFTCHAT, tshitMshat. n.s. Prattle; idle talk. Spectator. TbCHFTTER*, tshit'-tur. v.n. [citteren, Dutch.] To shiver. Huloet. CHFTTERLINGS, tshitMur-lingz. 555. ?i.s. [schyt- er/ino-h, Dutch.] The bowels. Gaijton. CHFTTERLING*, tshilMur-ling. n. s. The frill to the breast of a shirt. Gascoigne. CHFTTY, tshit'-te. a. Childish ; like a baby. FuL of chits or warts. Huloet. CHFVALROUS, tshlv'-al-rfis. a. [checaleureux, Fr.] Relating to chivalry ; warlike ; adventurous. Speji- ser. CHFVALRYS, tslnV-al-re. [tsluV-al-re, Jones ; shlv'-al-re, Kenrick, Sheridan, Perry, and Web- ster.] n. s. [chevaJerie, Fr.] Knighthood; a military dignity. Bacon, The qualifications of a knight j as valour. Shak. The general system of knight- hood. Dryden. An adventure. Sidney. Thelody, or order, of knights. Sliak. [Tn law.] A tenure 01 land bv knights' service. Coicel. CHFVES, tshlvz. n.s. [cive, Fr.] The threads orfila- ments rising in flowers. Ray. A species of small onion. CHLORO'SIS, klo-ro'-sis. 353. n. s. [x^pos, green.] The green sickness. CHLORO'TICK*, kti-r&V-ik. a. Affected by chlo- rosis. Battie. To CHOAK, tshoke. v. a. See Choke. CHOCK*, tshok. n. s. [choc, old Fr.] An encounter, an attack. Bp. Patrick. CHOCOLATES, tshok'-o-late. 91. n.s. [chocolate, Span.] The nut of the cocoa-tree. Miller. The cake or mass, made of the cocoa-nut. Chambers. The liquor made by a solution of chocolate in hot water. Arbuthnot. CHO'COLATE-HOUSE, tsh6k'-6-late-h6us. n. s. A house where company is eniertained with choco- late. Toiler. CHODE, tshode. The old preterit from chide. CHOICE, tsh6ise. n. s. [ceoyan, Sax.] The act of choosing; election. Dryden. The power of choos- ing. Hooker. Care in choosing. Bacon. The thing chosen. Shak. The best part of any tlvng, Hooker. Several things proposed as object,* of election. Shak. — To make choice of. To' ch v«e. Denlcam. 189 CHO CHll O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, p'fn :— CHOICE, tshoTse. a. Select. Guardian. Chary frugal. Bp. Taylor. CHOICE-DRAWN* tshSW-drawn. part. a. Se lected with particular care. Shakspeare. CHO'ICELESS, tshdise'-les. a. Without the power of choosing. Hammond. CHOFCELY, tshoise'-le. ad. Curiously. Shakspeare. Valuably; excellently. Walton. CHOICENESS, tshofse'-nes. n.s. Nicety. B.Jon- son. CHOIR §, kwlre. 300, 356. n.s. [chop., Sax.] An as- sembly or band of singers. Waller. The singers in divine worship. Sliakspeare. The part of the church where the choristers are placed. SJtakspeare. CHOIR-SERVICE*, kwlre'-ser- vis. n.s. The duty performed by the choir. Warton. To CHOKES, tsh6ke. v. a. [aceocan, Sax.] To suf- focate. Shak. To stop up ; to obstruct. Vltapman. To hinder by obstruction. Shak. To suppress. Shak. To overpower. St. Luke. CHOKE, tshoke. n.s. The filamentous or capillary part of an artichoke. CHOKE-FULL*, [vulgarly pronounced chuk-full, or chok-full.] a. Filled, so as to leave no more room. Bruce. CHOKE-PEAR, tsh6ke'-pare. n.s. A rough, harsh, unpalatable pear. Any sarcasm, by which an- other is put to silence. Webster. OHO'KER, tsho'-kur. n.s. One that chokes. One that puts another to silence. Anything that cannot be answered. CHOKE- WEED, tshoke'-weed. n. s. A plant. CHO^KY, tshi'-ke. a. That which has the power of suffocation. CHO'LAGOGUES, kftl'-a-gogz. n. s. [ X 6\og, bile.] Medicines for purging bile or choler. CHO'LERS, k&l'-l&r. n.s. [cholera, Lat.] The bile. Brown. The humour, which, by its super-abun- dance, is supposed to produce irascibility. Sluxk- sjjeare. Anger: rage. Shakspeare. CHOLERA-MORB US*, kol / -e-ra-m6r / -bus. n. s. A sudden over-flowing of the bile, discharged both upwards and downwards. CHO'LERICK, kolMfir-rlk. a. Abounding with choler. Dryden. Angry ; irascible. Arbuthnot. CHO'LERICKNESS, kolMur-rlk-nes. n. s. Irasci- bility. CHOLIA'MBICKS*, kSl-e-am'-blks. n. s. [choliam- bi, Lat.] Verses differing from the true iambick, having an iambick foot in the fifth place, and a spondee in the sixth, or last. Bentley. To CHOOSE §, tsh56ze. v. a. I chose, I have clwsen or clwse. [choisir, Fr.] To take by way of preference. 1 Samuel. To take ; not to refuse. Job. To select. Job. To elect for eternal happi- ness : a term of theologians. To CHOOSE, tshooze. v. n. To have the power of choice. Hooker. CHO'OSER, tshoS'-zur. n.s. He that has the power of choosing. Drayton. CHO'OSING* tshoo'-zfng. n. s. Choice. To CHOP §, tshop. v. a. [kappen, Dutch.] To cut with a quick blow. Shak. To devour eagerly. Dryden. To mince. Mkah. To break into chinks. Shakspeare. To CHOP, tsh6p. v. n. To do any thingwith a quick motion, like that of a blow. Bacon. To catch with the mouth. L' Estrange. To light upon suddenly. To CHOP §, tshop. v. a. [ceapan, SaxJ To pur- chase by way of truck. Beaum. and Fl. To put one thing in the place of another. Hudibras. To bandy; to altercate. Bacon. To CliOP in*. To become modish. Wilson. To CHOP out*. To give vent to. Beaum. and Fl. CHOP, tshop. n. s. A piece chopped off Bacon. A small piece of meat. King. A crack, or cleft. Bacon. CHOP-FALLEN*. See Chap-fallen. CHOP-HOT JSE, tshop'-hous. n. s. A house of en- tertainment, where provision ready dressed is sold. Spectator. CHO' PIN, tsh6-peen / . 112. n. s. [Fr.] A French liquid measure, containing neany a pint of Win- chester. Howell, la Scotland, a quart of wine measure. CHOTPER*, tshop'-pur. n. s. A butcher's cleaver. CHO/PPING*, tshop'-phig. n.s. Act of merchan- dising. Bacon. Altercation. L 1 EUrange. CHO'PPING, tsh&p'-p'ing. part. a. Applied to in fants; as, a clwpping or stout boy. Fenton. CHOPPING-BLOCK, tshop'-p'fng-blok. n. s. A Jog- of wood, on which any thing is cut in pieces. Mortimer. CHOPPING-KNIFE, tsh6p / - r ?ng-nlfe. n. s. A knife to mince meat. Sidney. CHO PPY, tsh6p'-pe. a. Full of holes or cracks. Shakspeare. CHOPS, tshops. n. s. without a singular. The mouth of a beast. L' Estrange. The mouth of a man, used in contempt. Shak, The mouth of any thing, in familiar language. CHORA'GUS*. k6-ra'-gus. n. s. [Lat.] The su- perintendent of the ancient chorus. Warburton. CHO'RAL, k6 / -ral. 353. a. Belonging to a choir or concert. Milton. Singing in a choir. Amhurst. CHO'RALLY*, W-rh[-\&ad. In the manner of a chorus. Mason. CHORD §, kSrd. n. s. [chorda, Lat.] The string of a musical instrument. Milton. [In geometry.] A right line, which joins the two ends of any arch of a circle. To CHORD. kSrd. 353. v. a. To string. Dryden. CHORDE'E, kdr-dee'. n. s. A contraction of the freenum. CHOREPFSCOPAL, kor-e-pfs'-ko-pal. a. Relating to the power of a suffragan or local bishop. Fell. CHOREPI SCOPUS*, k6r-e-py-ko-pus. n. », [X w 9°s a »d hiffKonos.'] Formerly, a suffragan or lo- cal bishop. CHORIA'MBICK*, k&r-e-am'-bfk. n. s. [ X opian!3os.] The foot of a verse consisting of four syllables, as anxietas ; two being long at each end of the word, and two short in the middle. CHO'RION, k 509. a. Wpdvo;.'] Re- CHRO'NICK, kr&nMk. \ lating to a disease of long duration. Quincy. CHRONICLE §, kron'-e-kl. 353, 405. n. s. A regis- ter of events in order of time. Sfwdc. A history. Spenser. To CHRONICLE, kron'-e-kl. 405. v. a. To record in chronicle. Spenser. To register. Shakspeare. CHRO'NICLER, kron'-e-klfir. 98. n. s. A writer of chronicles. Donne. An historian. Spenser. CHRO'NIQUE*, kron'-lk. n. s. [Fr.] A chronicle. L. Addison. CHRONOGRAM, kr6n'-6-gram. n. s. [ X p6vo? and y(>dm. CHRONO'GRAPHER*, kro-nog'-ra-f&r. n. s. A chronologist. Selden. CHROlWGRAPHY*, kr6-n6g'-ra-f6. n. s. The description of past time. CHRONO'LOGER, kro-n6l'-l6-jfir. n. s. He thai studies or explains the science of computing pas* time. Holder. CHRONOLOGICAL, kron-n6-l6dje'-e-kaI. a. Re- lating to the doctrine of time. Hale. CHRONOLOGICALLY, kr&n-no-lodje'-e-kal-le. ad. In a chronological manner. Ld. Cliesterfield. CHRONOLO'GICK*, kron-n6-l6dje'-lk.a. Denoting periods of time. T. Warton. CHRONO'LOGIST, kr6-n6l'-6-j?st. n. s. A chro- nologer. Brown. CHRONOLOGY, kr6-n6l'-o-je. n. s. [ X9 6vog and Adyo?.] The science of computing and adjusting the periods of time. Holder. CHRONO'METER, kr6-nom'-me-tur. n. s. [ X p6vo$ and fiiTpov.~\ An instrument for the mensuration of time. Derham. CHRYSALIS, krls'-sa-lk 503. n. s. [ X pvao S .'] Au- relia, or the first apparent change of the maggot of any species of insects. Chambers. CHRYSOLITE, kris'-s6-lite. 155. n. s. [ X pvcoi and \iQos.~] A precious stone of a dusky green, with a cast of vellow. Woodward. CHRYSO'PRASUS, kr}-sop'-ra-sus. n. s. [ X pwos and prasinus.] A precious stone of a yellow col our, approaching to green. Rev. CHUB§, tshub. n.s. A river fish. The cbevin Walton. CHU'BBED, tsh&b'-bfd. 99. a. Big-headed like a chub. CHU'BBY*. tshub '-be. ) a. Having a large or CHU'BFACED*, tshub'-faste. $ fat face. Marston. To CHUCK §, tshuk. r. n. To make a noise like a hen, when she calls her chickens. To CHUCK, tshfik. r. «. To call as a hen calls her young. Dryden. To give a gentle pat under the chin. Conorere. To CHUCKS*, tshuk. v. n. To jeer; to laugh. To CHUCK §*, tshfik. v. a. To throw, by a quick motion, any weight to a given place. CHUCK, tshuk. n. s. The voice of a hen. Temple. A word of endearment. Shak. A sudden small noise. A pat under the chin. CHUCK-FARTHING, tshfik'-far-TH?ng. «. *. • A play, at which the money falls with a chuck intc the hole beneath. Arbuthnot. To CHU'CKLE, tsh&k '-kl. 405. v. n. [scuccherare, lial.] To laugh vehemently, or convulsively. Draden. To CHU'CKLE, tshfik'-kl. ». a. To call as a hen Dryden: To fondle. Dryden. To CHUD*, tsh&d. e. a. To champ or bile. Stafford CHU'ET. tshoO'-lt. 99. n. s. Forced meat. Bacon- CHUFFS, tshuff. n.s. [joffu, old Fr.] A coarse, fat headed, blunt clown. Slia/cspeare. CHU'FFILY, tshuf'-fe-lc. ad. Surlily. Richardson. CHU'FFINESS. tshfif-fe-nes. n.s. Clownishness. CHU'FFY, tshfif fe. a. Blunt; surly 3 fat. Main waring. CHUM,"tsh&m. n. s. [chom, Armorick.] A chamber fellow in the universities. CHUMP, tshump. n. s. A thick, heavy piece of wood, less than a block. Moxon. TIURCH §, tshurtsh. w. s-. [cipce, Sax.} The col lective body of Christians. usually termed the catho lick church. Hooker. The body of Christians of one particular opinion. Watts. The place which Christians consecrate to the worship of God. Ay- liffe. Ecclesiastical authority or power. Sir G. Wheler. To CHURCH, tshurtsh. v. a. To perform with any one the office of returning thanks in the chjircn, after any signal deliverance. Wheat ly. CHURCH- ALE. tshurtsh-ale'. n. s. [church anaoi^.l 191 CHY CIC KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, pin ; A wake, or feast, commemoratory of the dedica- tion of the church. Cart.t\ i HUROH-ATTIRE, tshorlsh-at-tlre'. n. s. The habit in which men officiate at divine service. Hooker. CHURCH-AUTHORITY, tshurtsh'-aw-tfi&r'-e-'.e. n. s. Ecclesiastical power. AUerbury. CHURCH-BENCH*, tshfirtsh'-bensh. n.s. The seat in the porch of a church. Shakspeare. CHURCH-BURIAL, tshfirtsh'-ber'-re-al. n. s. Buri- al according to the rites of the church. Ayliffe. CHU'RCHING*, tshfirtsh'-ing. n. s. The act of re- turning' thanks in the church. Wheatly. CHURCHDOM* tshurtsh'-dum. n.s. Establish- ment 5 government. Pearson. CHURCH-FOUNDER, tshurtsh'-foun'-dur. n. s. He that builds or endows a church. Hooker. CHURCH-LAND*, tshurtshMand. n. s. Land be- longing: to churches. Sir H. Yelverton. CHURCH-LIKE*, tshurtshMike. a. Befitting a churchman. Shakspeare. CHU'RCHMAN, tshartsh'-man. 88. n. s. An eccle- oiastick ; a clergyman. Bacon. An adherent to the church of England. CHURCH-MUSICK* tshfirtsh'-nwVzIk, n. s. The service of chant and anthem in churches and ca- thedrals. Warton. CHURCH-PREFERMENT*, tshurtsh'-pre-fiV- ment. n. s. Benefice in the church. B. Jonson. CHU'RCHSHIP*, tshurtsh'-shfp. n. s. Institution of the church. South. CHURCH-WARDEN, tshfirtsh-war / -dn. 103. n. s. An officer yearly chosen to look to the church, church-yard, and such things as belong to both. Cornel CHU RCHWAY*, tshurlsh'-wa. n. s. The road that leads to the church. Shakspeare. CHU'RCHWORK*, tsh&rtsh'-w&rk. n. s. Work carried on slow! v. CHU'RCHYARD, tshttrtsh'-yard. n. s. The ground adjoining to the church, in which the dead are buried. Bacon. CHT T RL$, tshfirl. n. s. [eeopl, Sax.] A rustick. Spenser. A surly, ill-bred man. Sidney. A miser; a niggard. Isaiah. CHU'RLISH, tshurMfsh. a. Rude ; brutal. Shak. Selfish; avaricious. 1 Sam. [OfUiings.] Unpliant; cross-grained. Bacon. Vexatious ; obstructive. Shakspeare. CHU'RLISHLY, tshurM?sh-le. ad. Rudelv. Ecclus. CHURLISHNESS, tshfirMfeh-nes. n. s. "Brutality. Ecclus. Difficult)' of management. Bacon. CHU'RLY*, tshur'-le. a. Rude; boisterous. Quarles. CHURME, tshurm. n. s. [cyp.me, Sax.] A confused sound ; a noise. Bacon. CHURN §, tshfirn. n. s. [kern, Dutch.] The vessel in which butter is, by agitation, coagulated. Gay. To CHURN, tshurn. v. a. To agitate by a violent motion. Dry den. To make butter by agitating j the milk. Shakspeai-e. CHU'RNING*, tshurn'-ing. n.s. The act of making butter. Proverbs. CHU'RNSTAFF*, tshtW-staf. n. s. The instrument emploved for churning. Sherwood. CHU'RRWORM, tshiV-wfirm. n.s. An insect; a fancricket. Skinner. To CHUSE. See To Choose. CHYLA CEOUS, kl-la'-shus. 186. a. Belonging to eh vie. Flover. CHYLES, Idle. 353. n.s. f^uXo?.] The juice formed in the stomach by digestion, and afterwards changed into blood. Blackmore. CHYLIF ACTION, kll-le-fak'-shfin. n. s. The pro- cess of making; chvle. Arbuthnot. CHYLIFACTIVE", kil-le-fak'-tlv. a. Having the power of making chvle. CHYLIFICATORYt, kll-e-fe-ka'-to-re. 512. a. Making chvle. CHYLOPOE TICK, kl-16-po-eV-ik. a. Having the power of forming chyle. Arbuthnot. CHY LOUS, klMos. 160. a. Consisting of chyle. Arbuthnot. a. Made by chymistry Dry den. Relating te CHY'MICAL, kim'-e-kal CHY'MICK, kmi'-mlk. chymistry. Dryden. CHY'MICK, klm'-ik. n.s., A chymist. HakewiU. CHYMICALLY, kW-me-kal-le. ad. In a chymicai manner. Burton. CHYMIST $, klm'-mfst. n. s. A professor of chymis try. Pope. 95= Scholars have lately discovered, that all the nations of Europe have, for many centuries past, been erroneous in spelling this word with a y instead of an e ; that is, chymist instead of chemist .• and if we crave their rea- sons, they very gravely tell us, that, instead of deriving the word from ^cpos, juice, or from p^eu, X £vu> > or X VUi ' to melt, it is more justly derived from the Arabick kcwa, black. Rut Dr. Johnson, who very well understood every thing that could be urged in favour of the new orthogra- phy, hac very judiciously continued the old j_ and, indeed, till we see better reasons than have yet appeared, it seems rather to savour of an affectation of oriental learning than a liberal desire to rectify and improve our language. But let the word originate in the east or west, among the Greeks or Arabians, we certainly received it from our common linguaducts, (if the word will be pardoned me) the Latin and French, which still retain either the y, or its substitute i. Besides, the alteration produces a change in the pronun- ciation, which, from its being but slight, is the less like- ly to be attended to; and therefore the probability is, that, let us write the word as we will, we shall still con tinue to pronounce the old way ; for in no English word throughout the language does the e sound like y, or * short, when the accent is on it. This improvement, therefore, in our spelling, would, in all probability, add a new irregularity to our pronun- ciation, already encumbered with too many. Warhur- ton, in his edition of Pope's works, seems to have been the first writer of note who adopted this mode of spell- ing from Boerhaave and the German criticks ; and he seems to have been followed by all the inscriptions on the chymisls' shops in the kingdom. But till the voice of the people has more decidedly declared itself, it is certainly the most eligible to follow Dr. Johnson and our estab- lished writers in the old orthography. — See Mr. Nares'8 English Orthoepy, page 285, where the reader will see judiciously exposed the folly of altering settled modes of spelling for the sake of far-fetched and fanciful ety- mologies. W.. CHYMFSTICAL*, ke-mV-te-kal. a. Relating to chymistry. Burton. CHY'MISTRY, kW-mfs-tre. n.s. fofyos, or ^rfco, to melt ; or, according to some, frcm an oriental word, kema. black, or cheniia.] An art whereby sensible bodies are so changed, by means of fire, that their several powers and virtues are thereby discovered. Boerhaave. CIBA'RIOUS, sl-ba'-re-fis. 121. a. [cibarius, Lat.] Relating to food. CI'BOL, sfb'-fil. n. s. [ciboule, Fr.] A small sort of onion. Mortimer. CFCATRICES, or CFCATRLX§, sfk'-a-trk 142, n. s. [cicatrix, Lat.] The scar remaining after a wound. Shakspeare. A mark. Slvalcspeare. C1CATRFSANT, sik-a-trl'-zant. n. s. An applica- tion that induces a cicatrice. C1CATRFSIVE, sik-a-trl'-slv. 158, 428. a. Proper to induce a cicatrice. CICATRIZATION, slk-a-tre-za'-shfin. n. s. The act of healing the wound. Harveij. The state ot being healed", or skinned over. Sharp. To CFCATRIZE, sfk'-a-trfee. v. a. To heal and in- duce the skin over a sore. Wiseman. CFCELY, sis'-le. n. s. A sort of herb. CICERO' NE*, sls-e-^'-ne. n. s. [Ital.] plural cice- roni. A word of modern introduction into our speech, for a guide. Shenstone. CICERO'NIANISM* sis-e-r^-ne-an-fzm. n. s. An imitation of the style of Cicero. Milton. CICHO'RACEOUS, sik-i-ra'-sbfis. a. [cicliorium, Lat.] Having the qualities of succory. Floyer. CICH-PEASE, tslnV-peez. n. s. A piant. To CFCURATES, sik'-rj-rate. 91, 503. v. a. [cicuro, I, at.] To tame. Broxon. CICURA'TION, slk-u-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of re- claiming; from wildness. Ray , 192 CIP cm -116, move, n6r, not;— tube, tub, bull; — oil; — pound; — thin, THis. CICU'TAf, se-ku'-ut 91. n. s. A genus of plants; water-hemlock. CID*, sld. n. s. [Span.] A chief; a commander. CI'DER§. sl'-dfir. n. s. [cidre, Fr.] All kind of strong liquors, except wine. In this sense, Ob. J. Wiclifj'e. Liquor made of the juice of fruits pressed. Ba- con. The juice of apples fermented. This is now the sense. Phillips. CFDERIST, sl'-dur-lst. 98. n. s. A maker of cider. Mortimer. CFDERKIN, sl'-dur-km. n. s. Liquor made of the gross matter of apples, after the cider is pressed out. Mortimer. CIELING. See Ceiling. C1ERGE, seerje. ?i.s. [Fr.] A candle carried in process'ons. CPLIARY, sfl'-ya-re. 113. a. [«7wwi,Lai.] Belong- ing to the eye-fids. Ray. CILFCIOUS, se-tfsh'-us. 314. a. [cilicium, Lat.] Made of hair. Brown. CIMAR. See Chimere, and Si mar. CPMBRICK*, sW-brlk. n.s. [Cimbricus, Lat.] The language of the Cimbri, people of Jutland and Holstein. Wotton. CIMF/LIARCH, se-meF-e-ark. n. s. Uei HV hap Xvs .] The chief keeper of things of value belonging to a church. Did. CI' METER, sW-e-tfir. 98. n. s. [chimet.ier, Turk.] A sort of sword used by the Turks. Sliak. It is some- times erroneously spelled scimitar and scijmiter. CFMISS*, sW-is. n. s. [cimex, Lat.] The bug. CIMME'RIAN*, sfm-me'-re-an. a. [from Cimmerii, people of Italy, living in a valley, which the sun never visited.] Extremely dark. Sidney. CFNCTURE, sfngk'-tshure. 461. n. s.' [cincture, Lat.] Something worn round the body. Shak. An enclosure. Bacon. A ring or list at the top and bottom of the shaft of a column. Chambers. CI'NDER §, s?n'-dur. 98. n. s. [cineres, Lat.] A mass ignited and quenched, without being reduced to ashes. Shak. A hot coal that has ceased to flame. Swift. CFNDER-WENCH, sln'-d&r-wensh. ) n. s. A wo- CFNDER-WOMAN,sin'-d5r-wum-6n. ] man whose trade is to rake in heaps of ashes for cinders. Ar- buthnot. CINERA'TION §, sm-e-ra'-shfin. n. s. The reduc- tion of any thing to ashes. CINEREOUS*, se-ne'-re-us. a. Of ash colour. Pen- nant. CINERFTIOUS, sln-e-rlsh'-us. a. Having the form or state of ashes. Cheyne. CINE'RULENT, se-neV-u-lent. 121. a. Full of ashes. Diet. CPNGLE, slng'-gl. 405. n. s. A girth for a horse. Diet. CINNABAR, sfn'-na-bar. 166. n. s. [ K ivvd^apt.] A species of the genus mercury. Woodward. CFNNABAR, s'fn'-na-bar. n. s. [In chymistry.] A sulnhuret of mercury. CFNNAMOIN,sm / -na-mun. 166. n. s. [kinnamon, Heb.] The fragrant bark of a tree in the island of Cevlon. Chambers. CINQ UE, slngk. 415. n. s. [Fr.] A five. Potter. CINQITE-FOIL, sfngk'-fSH. n. s. [cinque f milk, Fr.] A kind of five-leaved clover. CINQJJE-PACE, s?ngk'-pase. n. s. [cinque pas, Fr.] A kind of grave dance. Shakspeare. CINQUF -PORTS, smgk'-ports. n. s. The cinque ports are Dover, Sandwich, Hastings, Romney, llythe, Winchelsea, Rye, and Seaford : the last three having been added since the first institution. Cowel. CINQUE-SPOTTED, sfngk'-spot-t§d. a. Having five spots. Shakspeare. CFON, si'-un. 166. n. s. [scion, Fr.] A sprout. Shak. The shoot engrafted on a stock. Bacon. CITHER §. sl ; -fur. 98. n.s. [chifre, Fr.] An arith- metical character; a figure. An arithmetical mark, which, standing for nothing itself, in- creases the value of the other figures. Chambers. An intertexture of letters engraved usually on plate. Pope. A character in general. Raleigh. A secret or occult manner of writing, or the key to it. Hakewill. A species ofjuggling. Spenser. To CITHER, sl'-fur. v. n. To practise arithmetick. Arbuthnot. To CITHER, sl'-fur. v. a. To write in occult charac ters. Hayward. To designate ; to characterize Shakspeare. CIRC*, serk. n. s. [circus, Lat.] An amphitheatrical circle for sports. Warton. CIRCF/NSIAL*, ser-sen'-shal. ) a. Relating to the CIRCE 'IN SI AN*, ser-sen'-shan. ] exhibitions in the amphitheatres of Rome. Kennet. To CFRCINATE §, ser'-se-nate. v. a. [circino, Lat.] To make a circle. Bailey. CIRCINA'TION, ser-se-na'-shfin. n. s. An orbicular motion. Bailey. CFRCLE §, seV-kl. 108, 405. n. s. [circulus, Lat.] A line continued till it ends where it began, having all its parts equidistant from a common centre. Locke. The space included in a circular line. A round body ; an orb. Isaiah. Compass ; enclosure. Sliak. An assembly surrounding the principal person. Pope. A company. Addison. Any series ending as it begins, and perpetually repeated. Bacon. An inconclusive form of argument, ij which the foregoing proposition is proved by the following, and the following is inferred from the foregoing. Glanville. Circumlocution. . Fletcher. Circles of the German empire. Such provinces as have a right to be present at diets. Trevoux. To CFRCLE, seV-kl. v. a. To move round any thing. Bacon. To enclose; to sun ound. Sliak. To CFRCLE in. To confine. Digby. To CFRCLE, seV-kl. v. n. To move circular!*. Phillips. CFRCLED, seV-kld. 359. a. Round. Shakspeare. CPROLER*, seV-kler. n.s. A mean poet* a circu- lar poet. B. Jonson. CFRCLET, ser'-kllt. n. s. A little circle. Shakspeaxe. CFRCLFNG, seV-kl?ng. part. a. Circular; round. * Milton. CFRCLY*, serkMe. a. In the form of a circle. Hu- loet. CFRCUIT §, seV-k?t. 341, 108. n. s. [circuitus, Lat.] The act of moving round. Watts. The space en- closed in a circle. Milton. Space ; extent ; meas- ured by travelling round. Hooker. A ring; a dia- dem. Sliak. The visitations of the judges for hold- ing assizes. Davies. The tract of counlry visited by the judges. Bp. of Chichester. Circumlocu- tion. Donne. CFRCUIT of Action. A longer course of proceeding, to recover the thing sued for, than is needful. Cowel. To CFRCUIT*, seV-kit. v. n. To move circularly. Phillips. To CFRCUIT, seV-kit. v. a. To move round. Warton. CIRCUTTE'ER, ser-kit-teer'. n. s. [formerly written circuiter.] One that travels a circuit. Whiilock. CIRCUFTION, ser-ku-Ish'-fin. n. s. The act of going round any tiling. Pearson. Compass ; maze of ar- gument. Hooker. CIRCUITOUS*, ser-kiV-e-tus. a. Round about. Burke. CIRCUTTOUSLY*, ser-ku'-e-t&s-le. ad. In a circu itous manner. CFRCULABLE*, ser'-ku-la-bl. a. That which may be circulated. CFRCULAR, ser'-ku-lfir. 88, 418. a. Round, like a circle. Spenser. Successive in order. Sandys. Vulgar ; mean ; circumforaneous. Dennis. End- ing in itself, used of a paralogism, where the second oroposition at once proves the first, and is proved by it. Baker. Perfect ; complete. Massinger.—Cir cular letter. A letter directed to several persons on some common affair. Circular lines. The lines of sines, tangents, and secants, on the plain scale and sector. "Circular sailing, is that performed on the arch of a great circle. CIRCULA'RITY, ser-ku-lar / -e-te. n. s A circular form. Brown. 193 cm cm O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- CIRCULARLY, seV-ku-l&r-le. ad. In form of a circle. BurncL With a circular motion. Dryden. CIRCULAR Y*, ser'-ku-la-re. a. Ending in 'itself. Hobker. To CIRCULATE, ser'-ku-late. 91. v. n. To move in a circle. Denham. To be dispersed. Addison. To CIRCULATE, ser'-ku-late. v a. To travel round. Bp. H. Croft. To put about. Swift. CIRCULATION, ser-ku-la'-shfin, n.s. Motion in a circle. Burnet. A series in which the same order is always observed, and things always return to the same state. K. Charles. A reciprocal interchange of meaning. Hooker. Currency of a substitute for money. Burke. CIRCULATO'RIOUS*, ser-ku-la-uV-re-&s.rc.s.One that travels in a circuit ; one that shows tricks from house to house. Barrow. CI'RCULATORY, ser'-ku-la-tfir-e. 512. n.s. A chymical vessel. CI'RCULATORY, ser'-ku-la-tfir-e. a. Circular. CI'RCULATORY*, seV-ku-la-t5r-e. a. The same as circulatcrious, in its low sense. Warton. CIRCUMA'MBIENCY, ser-kum-am'-be-en-se. n. s. The act of encompassing. Brown. CIRCUMAMBIENT §, ser-kum-am'-be-ent.a. [cir- cum and avMo, Lat.] Siurounding. Howell. To CIRCUMAMBULATE, ser-kum-am'-bu-late. 91. v. n. [circum and ambido, Lat.] To walk round about. CIRC UMCELLIO'NES*, sex-kuin-s^l-le-i'-nez. n. s. A set. of illiterate peasants, who adhered to the party of the Donatists, in the fourteenth centtny. To CFRCUMJISE§, seV-kum-slze. v. a. [circum- cido, Lat.] To cut the prepuce or foreskin, accord- ing to the law given to the Jews. St. Luke. CFRCUMCISER*, ser'-knm-sl-zur. n. s. He who circumcises. Milton. CIRCUMCISION, ser-k&m-sW-un. n. s. The rite of cutting off the foreskin. Milton. CIRCUMCURSA'TION*, ser-kum-kur-za'-shun. n. s. [circum and cursor, Lat.] The act of running up and down. Barrow. To CIRCUMDUCTS, ser-k&m-dukt'. v. a. [circum- duco, Lat.] To contravene ; to nullify. Ayliffe. CIRCUMDUCTION, ser-k6m-duk'-shun. n. s. Nul- lification. Ayliffe. A leading about. Hooker. CIRCUMFERENCE §, ser-kSm'-fe-rgnse. n. s. [cir- cumferentia, Lat.] The periphery. Milton. The space enclosed in a circle. Milton.. The external part of an orbicular body. Newton. An orb; a circle. Milton. To CIRCUMFERENCE, ser-kum'-fe-rense. v. a. To include in a circular space. Brovm. CIRCUMFERENTIAL*, ser-kum-fe-ren'-shal. a. Circular. Barrow. CIRCUMFERE'NTOR, ser-kum-fe-ren'-tfir. 166. n. s. An instrument used in surveying, for measur- ing angles, by the magnetick needle. Cluxmbers. To CFRCUMFLECT*, seV-kum-flgkt. v. a. [cir- cumflecto, Lat.] To place the circumflex on words. CFRCUMFLEX, ser'-kum-flgks. n. s. An accent used to regulate the pronunciation of syllables, including or participating the acute and grave. Holder. $Cf All our prosodists tell us, that the circumflex accent is a composition of the grave and the acute ; or that it is a raising and falling of the voice upon the same syl- lable. If they are desired to exemplify this by actual pronunciation, we find they cannot do it, and only pay us with words. This accent, therefore, in the ancient as well as modern languages, with respect to sound, has no specifick utility. The French, who make use of this circumflex in writing, appear, in the usual pronuncia- tion of it, to mean nothing more than long quantity. — See Baryton. — If the inspector would wish to see a rational account of this accent, as well as of the grave and acute, let him consult a work lately published by the author of this [Walker'sl Dictionary, called A Rhetorical Grammar, the third edition ; or, A Key to the Classical Pronunciation of Greek and Latin Proper Names. W. CIRCU'MFLUENCE, ser-kum'-fiu-ense. n. s. An enclosure of waters. CIRCUMFLUENT $, ser-kvW-flu-ent. a. [circum Jhiens, Lat.] Flowing round any thing. Pope. CIRCUMFLUOUS, sSr-kum'-M-us. a. Environing with waters. Millon. CIRCUMFORA'NEAN*, ser-kfim-fi-ra'-ne-an. a Travelling about. Bwion. CIRCUMFORA'NEOUS, ser-kum-f6-ra'-ne-us. 314 a. [circumforaneus, Lat.] Wandering from house to house. Addison. To CIRCUMFU'SE§, ser-kum-nW. v. a. [circum fusvs, Lat.] To pour round. Bacon. CIRCUMFU'SILE, ser-kum-uV-sll. 427. a. That which may be poured round. Pope. CIRCUMFU'SION, ser-kum-fiV-zhun. n. s. Spread ing round. Swift. CIRCUMGESTA/TlON^ser-kum-jes-ta'-shun n s Carrying about. Bp. Taylor. To CIRCU'MGYRATE §, ser-kum'-je-rate. v. a. [circum and sryrus, Lat.] To roll round. More. CIRCUMGYRATION, ser-kumje-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of running round. Sir T. Herbert. To CIRCUMGY'RE*, ser-kum-jW. v. n. To roll about. Sir T. Herbert. CIRCUMFTION, ser-kftm-lsh'-un. n. s. [circumeo, Lat.] The act of gome round. Diet. CIRCUMJACENT, ser-kfim-ja'-sent. a. [circum- jacens, Lat.] Lying around any thing. Drum- 'mond. CIRCUMLIGA'TION, ser-kum-le-ga'-shun. n. s. [circumligo, Lat.] The act of binding round. The bond encompassing. CIRCUMLOCUTION, ser-kum-16-krV-shun. n. s. [circumlocutio. Lat.] A circuit or compass of words; periphrasis. Dryden. The use of indirect expres- sions. Bale. CIRCUMLOCUTORY*, ser-kum-l6k'-u-t6-re. a. Periphrastical. Arbuthnot.. CIRCUMMU'RED, ser-kiim-murd'. 359. a. [circum and murus, Lat.] Walled round. Shakspeare. CIRCUMNAY1GABLE, ser-kum-nav'-e-ga-bl. a. That which may be sailed round. Ray. To CIRCUMNAVIGATE, ser-kfim-nav'-e-gate. v. a. [circum and navigo, Lat.] To sail round. Sir T. Herbert. CIRCUMNAVIGATION, ser-kum-nav-e-ga'-shun. n. s. Sailing round. Arbuthnot. CIRCUMNAVIGATOR, ser-kum-nav-e-ga'-tur. n. s. One that sails round. Guthrie. CIRCUMPLICA'TION, ser-kfim-ple-ka'-shun. n. s. [circumplko, Lat.] Enwrapping on every side. The state of being enwrapped. CIRCUMPO'LAR, ser-kum-po'-lar. 413. a. Round the pole : said of stars near the north pole, which move round it. CmCUMPOSFTJON, ser-kum-po-zfsh'-un. n s. Placing any thing circularly. Evelyn. CIRCUMRA'SION, ser-kum-ru'-zhun. n.s. [circum- rasio, Lat.] Shaving or paring round. CIRCUMROTA'TION, seY-kum-r6-ta'-shun. n. s. [circum and roto, Lat.] The act of whirling round : circumvolution. Gregory. The state of being whirled round. CIRCUMRO'TATORY*, ser-kum-ro'-ta-ti-re. a Whirling round. Shenstone. To CIRCUMSCRFBE§, ser-kum-skrlbe'. v. a. [cir- cum and scribo, Lat.] To enclose in certain boun- daries. To bound; to limit. Shak. To write around. Ashvwle. CIRCUMSCRI PTIBLE*, ser-kfim-skrV-te-bl. a. That which may be limited or contained within bounds. Bullokar. '.'•'. CIRCUMSCRFPTION, ser-kum-skrlp'-shun. n. s. Determination of particular form. Ray. Limita- tion. Sliakspeare. A circular inscription. Ash- mole. ■ ' CIRCUMSCRFPTIYE, ser-kum-skrlp'-tiv. a. En- closing the superficies. Grew. CIRCUMSCRI PTIVELY*, ser-kum-skrip'-tfv-le. ad. In a limited manner. Mountagu. CIRCUMSPECT §, ser'-k&m-speKt. a. [circum- spectus, Lat.] Cautious ; attentive to every thing. Sliakspeare. 194 CIS CIV — n6, mfive, n6r, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — Sll ; — pound ; — th'm, th'is. To CFRCUMSPECT* ser'-kum-spekt. v. a. To ex- amine carefully. Nevccourt. CIRCUMSPECTION, sgr-kum-spek'-shun. n. s. Watchfulness on everv side. Clarendon. CIRCUMSPECTIVE,* ser-kum-spek'-tiv. a. Atten- tive ; cautious. Pope. CIRCUMSPE'CTIVELY, ser-kum-sp&'-tlv-le. ad. Cautiously. CIRCUMSPECTLY, ser'-kWspSkt-le. ad. Vig- ilantly. Ray. Cl'RCUMSPECTNESS, ser kum-spekt-n^s. n. s. Caution. CIRCUMSTANCE §, sgrMcum-stanse. n. s. [circum- sfaniia. Lat.] Something appendant or relative to a fact. Bacon. The adjuncts ol a fact. Sliak. Ac- cident ; something adventitious. Davies. Inci- dent ; event. Clarendon. Condition ; state of af- fairs. Bacon. Circumlocution. Barret. To CFRCUMSTANCE, sGr'-kum-stanse. v. a. To place in a particular situation. Donne. CFRCUMSTANT, seV-kum-stant. a. Surrounding. Disrbu. CIRC UMSTA'NTIABLE*, sgr-kum-slan'-she-a-bl. a. Capable of being circumstantiated. Bp. Taylor. CIRCUMSTANTIAL, seY-kum-stan'-shal. a. Acci- dental ; not essential. Sha.k. Licidental ; happen- ing by chance. Donne. Full of small events ; par- ticular. Prior. CIRCUMSTANTIALITY, ser-kfim-stan-she-al'-e- te. n. s. The appendage of circumstances. CIRCUiMSTANTIALL Y, sgr-kum-stan'-shal-le. ad. According to circumstances. GlanviUe. Minutely. Broome. To CIRCUMSTANTIATE, s£r-kum-stan'-she-ate. 91. v. a. To place in particular circumstances. Bp. Bramhall. To place in a condition with regard to wealth. Swift. CIRCUMTERRANEOUS^ser-kum-teWa'-ne-fis. a. [circum and terra, Lat.] Round the earth. Hal- lywell. To CIRCUM VA'LL ATE $, ser-kum-vaT-late. 91. v. a. [circionvallo, Lat.] To enclose round with for- tifications. CIRCUMVALLA'TION. seV-kum-val-la'-shun. n.s. The art of casting up fortifications round a place. The fortifications themselves. Howell. CIRCUMVENTION, ser-kum-veV-shun. n. s. [cir- cumvectio, Lat.] The act of carrying round. The state of bein<^ carried round. To CIRCUMVE NT§, sgr-kiWvent'. v. a. [circum- venio, Lat.] To deceive ; to cheat. Knolles. CIRCUMVE'NTION.ser-kum-vgn'-shfin.w.s.Fraudj imposture. Smith. Prevention. Shakspeare. CIRCUMVE' NTIVE*, sSr-kum-vSn'-tiv. a. Delu- ding 5 cheating. T& CIRCUMVE'ST $, sfr-kum-vfet'. v. a. [circum- vestio, Lat.] To cover round with a garment. Wotlon. CIRCUMVOLA'TION, ser-k&m-yd-la'-shun. n. s. \circvrmvo1o, Lat.] The act of flying round. CIRCUMVOLU'TION, seV-kum-ve-liV-shun. n. s. The act of rolling round. More. The state of be- ing rolled round. Arbicthnot. The thing rolled round another. Wilkins. ToCIRCUMVOLVES, seY-kum-volv'. v. a. [cir- cumroh-o. Lat.] to roll round. Sir T. Herbert. CIRC US, seK-kfls. 7 415. n. s. [circus, Lat.] An open CIRQUE. seVk. 337. 5 space or area for sports, with seats round for the spectators. Sidney. CISALPINE*, sis-al'-pin. a. [cis and Alpes, Lat.] On this side the Alps. CISSOTD*, s?s-s6id\ n.s. A curve of the second or- der. CFSSOR*. See Cizar and Scissor. CIST§, s?st. 77.5. [cista, Lat.] A case; a tegument; the enclosure of a tumour. An excavation. Ar- chmo/o°ria. CFSTED. sis'-ted. a. Enclosed in a cist. CISTE'RCIAN* s?s-teV-shun. n.s. [Cisteux, in Bur- gundy.] A monk of the Cistercian order j a re- formed Benedictine. Gray. CI'STERN, sis'-turn. 98. n. s. [cisterna, Lat.] A re- ceptacle of water for domestick uses. South. A res- ervoir. Blackmcre. Any receptacle of water. Shakspeare. CIST US, sis'-tfis. n. s. [Lat.] A plant. The rock rose. CIT, sit. n. s. A pert, low citizen. Johnson. CITADEL, sit'-a-del. n.s. [ciiadelle, Fr.] A fortress Sidney. i CFTAL, sl'-tal. n. s. Reproof; impeachment. Sliak, Summons; citation. Quotation. CITA'TION, si-ta'-shtm. n. s. The calling a person before a judge. Ayliffe. Quotation. The passage or words quoted. Atierbury. Enumeration ; men- tion. Harvey. CFTATORY, sl'-ta-t6-re. 512. a. Having the power or form of citation. Ayliffe. To CITE §, site. v. a. [cito, Lat.] To summon to an swer in a court. Shak. To call upon another au thoritatively. Slmk. To quote. Hooker. CI'TER, sl'-tfir. n. s. One who cites into a court. One who quotes. Atierbury. CITE'SS, slt-teV. n. s. A city woman. Dry den. CPTHERN, sM'-urn. 98. n.s. [cithara, Lat.] A kind of harp. 1 Mace. CFT1CISM*, sY-e-slzm. n.s. The behaviour of a citizen. B. Janson. CFTIED*. slt'-ld. a. Belonging to a citv. Drayton CFTIZEN, slt'-e-zn. 103. n. s. [civis, Lat.] A free man of a city. Raleigh. A townsman ; not a gen tleman. Shakspeare. An inhabitant. Dryden. CFTIZEN, slt'-e-zn. a. Having the qualities of a citi zen. Shakspeare. CFTIZENSHIP* sn'-e-zn-ship. n.s. The freedom of a city. Bp. Home. CITRLNA'TION*, slt-re-na'-shun. n.s. Turning to a yellow colour. Fr. Thyme. CFTRINE, sll'-rin. 140. a. Of a dark yellow. Grew CFTRINE, siY-rm. 140. n. s. A species of crystal very plentiful in the West Indies. Hill. CFTRONtjslt'-trun. 415. n.s. A large kind of lemon; the citron tree. One sort, with a pointed fruit, is in great esteem. CITRON-TREE, sit'-trfin-tre. n. s. [citrus, Lat.] A tree, the fruit of which is in great esteem. Miller. CITRON-WATER, sit'-trun-wa'-tur. n.s. Aqua vitse, distilled with the rind of citrons. Pope. CFTRUL, slt'-trfil. n.s. The pompion, so named from its yellow colour. CITY§, sU'-t£. n. s. [cite, Fr.] A large collection of houses and inhabitants. Temple. A town corporate that hath a bishop and a cathedral church. Cowet The inhabitants of a city. Shakspeare. CFTY, slt'-te. a. Relating to the city. Shak. Re sembling- the manners ofcitizens. Shakspeare. CFVET, siv'-H. 99. n.s. [civette, Fr.] A perfume from the civet cat. Bacon. CFYECAL*, slv'-e-kal. a. Belonging to civil honours Sir T. Brown. CFVICK, sh'-fk. a. Relating to civil honours. Pope CFVIL§, siv'-fl. a. [civilis, Lat.] Relating to the community. Hooker. Relating to any man as a member of a community. Bp. Taylor. Not ir anarchy; not wild. Roscommon. Not foreign; in- testine ; as, a civil war. Bacon. Not ecclesiastical! as, the civil courts. Art. of Relig. Not natural ■• as, civil death. Blackstone' Not military; as, thr civil magistrate. Not criminal ; as, a civil process. Blackstone. Civilized; not barbarous. Spenser. Com plaissnt ; well bred. Shok. Grave ; sober. Beau- mont and Fletcher. Relating to the ancient con sular or imperial government; as, civil law. Shak CrvTLIAN, se-vil'-yan. 113. n. s. One that pro- fesses the knowledge of the old Roman law, and of general equity. Bacon. A student in civil law at the university. Graves. CPTILISA'TION. s?v-e-le-za'-shun. n.s. A law which renders a criminal process civil. Harris. The act of civilizing. Warton. The state of being civilized. CFVILIST* sIvMMst. n. s. A civilian. Warburton. CrvTLITY, se-vll'-e-te. 511. n.s. Freedom from barbarity. Spenser. Politeness. Shak Rule of de- 195 CLA CLA ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;— cency. Dryden. Partaking of the nature of a civilized state. Bp. Hall. To Cl'VILIZE, slv'-ll-lze. v. a. To reclaim from savageness. Wall&r. CI'VILIZER, sfv'-ll-U-zfir. n.s. He that reclaims from a savage life. Phillips. CI'VILLY, s?v -fl-le. ad. In a manner relating to government. Not criminally. Politely ; complai- santly. Dryden. Without gay or gaudy colours. Bacon. CI'ZARS* s?z'-zur. See Scissor. To CI'ZAR*, s?z'-zur. v. a. To clip with a pair of scissors. Beaumont and Ffetclier. C1ZE, size. n. s. The quantity of any thing with re- gard to its external form. Grew. CLACK §, klak. n. s. [clac, claquet, old FrJ A last- ing and importunate noise. Hudibras. — The clack of a mill. A bell that rings when more corn is re- quired to be put in ; or, that which strikes the hop- per, and promotes the running of the corn. Betterton,. To CLACK, klak. v. n. To make a chinking noise. To let the tongue run. CLACK-DISH*, klak'-dlsh. n.s. A beggar's dish, with a movable cover, which they clack. Shak. CLA'CKER*, klak'-ur. n. s. The clack of a mill. Blount. CLACKING*, klak'-?ng. n. s. Prating. Bp. Hall. CLAD, klad. part. pret. Clothed. Sidney. To CLAIMS, klame. 202. v. a. [clamer, Fr.] To de- mand of right. Locke. To call; to name. Spenser. CLAIM, klame. n. s. A demand of any thing as due. Shak. A title to any privilege or possession. Locke. [In law.] A demand of any thing that is in the possession of another. Cowel. A call. Spen- ser. CLAIMABLE, kla'-ma-bl. a. That which may be demanded as due. Cotgrave. CLAIMANT, kla'-mant. n. s. He that demands any thing detained by another. Blackstone. CLA'IMER, kla'-mur. 98. n. s. He that makes a de- mand. Temple. CLAIR-OBSCURE. See Clare-obscure. To CLAM§, klam. v. a. [claemian, Sax.] To clog with any glutinous matter. L' Estrange. To CLAM*, klam. v. n. To be moist. ^Dryden. To CLAM*, klam. v. n. A term in ringing, to unite certain sounds in the peal. School of Recreation. CLA'MANT*, kla'-mant. a. [clamo, Lat.] Crying ; beseeching earnesfy. Thomson. To CLA'MBER, klam' -bur. v. n. [from cli?nb.] To climb with difficulty. Shakspeare. CLAMMINESS, klam'-me-nes. n.s. Viscosity; vis- ciditv. Moxon. CLA'MMY, klam'-me. a. [klam, Dutch.] Viscous; £lutinous. Bacon. AMOROUS, klam'-mur-us. 555. a. [clamoreux, Fr.] Vociferous; noisy. Hooker. CLA'MOROUSLY*, klam'-mur-fis-l6.ad. In a noisy manner. Brown. CLA'MOUR S, klam'-mur. 418. n.s. [clamor, Lat.] Outcry; noise. Shakspeare. To CLA'MOUR, klam'-mur. v.n. To make outcries ; to vociferate. Shakspeare. To CLA'MOUR* klam'-mur. v. a. To stun with noise. Bacon. To CLA'MOUR Bells*. To increase the strokes of the clapper on the bell, in falling it. Warburton. CLA'MOURER*, klam'-mnr-ur. n. s. He who makes an outcry or clamour. Abp. Hort. CLAMP S,klamp. n.s. [clamp, Fr.] Apiece of wood joined to another, as an addition oi strength. A quantity of bricks. Mortimer. To CLAMP, klamp. v. a. A mode of strengthening the ends of tables. &c. Moxon. CLANS, klan. n. s. [clann, Irish.] A family; a race. Milton. CLA'NCULAR S, klang'-ku-lSr. 88. a. [clancularius, Lat.] Clandestine; secret. Decay of Piety . CLA'NCULARLY*,klang'-ku-lar4e. ad. Closely; £rivately. Hales. ANDE'STINE§, klan-des'-tfn. 140. a. [clandes- tin, old Fr.] Secret ; hidden. Blacfowe. CLANDESTINELY, klan-des'-tln-le. ad. SecreUV, . Swift. CLANDE'STTNENESS*,klan-des'-tfn-nes. n.s. An act of privacy. CLANDESTlWlTY^klan-des-tln'-e-te. n.s. Priva- cy, or secrecy. CLANGS, klang. n.s. [clangor, Lat.] A sharp, shrill noise. Milton. To CLANG, klang. v. n. To clatter; to make a loud, shrill noise. Shakspeare. To CLANG, klang. v. a. To strike together with a noise. Prior. CLA'NGOUR, klang'-gur. 314. n. s. A loud, shrill sound. CLA'NGOUS, klang'-gus. a. Making a clang Brown. CLANK, klangk. n.s. Aloud, shrill noise. Spectator. CLA'NSHIP*, klan'-ship. n. s. Association of per- sons or families. Pennant. To CLAPS, klap. v. a. [clappan, Sax.] To strike to- gether with a quick motion, so as to make a noise. Shakspeare. To add one thing to another. Carew. To do any thing with a sudden, hasty motion. Shak. To praise by clapping the hands. To infect with a venereal poison. Wiseman. To CLAP Hands. To plight mutual troth. Shak. To CLAP up. To complete suddenly, without much precaution. Shakspeare. To CLAP up. To Imprison. Sandijs. To CLAP, klap. v. n. To move nimbly with a loise. Dryden. Originally, to knock. Cliaucer. To en- ter upon with alacrity. Shak. To strike the hands together in applause. Shakspeare. CLAP, klap. n.s. A loud noise made by sudden col- lision. Sioift. A sudden act or motion. Swift. An explosion of thunder. Hakewill. An act of ap- plause. Addison. A sudden misfortune. Bryskett. A venereal infection, [from clapoir, Fr.] Pope. The nether part of the beak of a hawk. CLAP-DISH*, klap'-dlsh. n. s. A wooden bowl or dish, formerly carried by beggars. Massinger. CLA'PPER, klap'-pur. 98. n. s. [chpup, Sax.] One who claps with his hands. The tongue of a bell. Shak. — The clapper of a mill. A piece of wood shaking the hopper. The cover of the cup called the clap-dish. Henryson. CLA'PPER*, klap'-pur. n. s. [cb.pier, old Fr.] Places for rabbits to burrow in. Chaucer. To CLA'PPERCLAW, klap'-pur-klaw. v. a. To scold. Shakspeare. CLARE*, klare. n. s. A nun of the order of St. Clare. CLA'RENCEUX, or CLA'RENCIEUX, klar'-en- shu. n. s. The second king at arms : so named from the dutchy of Clarence. CLARE-OPSCURE, klare-ob-skure'. n. s. [clarus and obscurus, Lat.] Light and shade in painting. Prior. CLA'RET, klar'-&. n. s. [clairet, Fr.] A French wine of a clear pale-red colour. Boyle. CLA'RICHORD. klar'-e-kSrd. n.s. [clarus and chorda, Lat.] A musical instrument in form of a spinette, but more ancient. Skelton. CLARIFICATION, klar-e-fe-ka;-shun. n, s. Mak- ing any thing clear from impurities. Bacon. To CLA'RIFY §, klar'-e-fl. 511. v. a. [clarifier, Fr.] To purify or clear any liquor. Bacon. To brighten ; to illuminate. Fuller. To CLA'RIFY, klar'-e-fl. v.n. To clear up, to grow bright. Bacon. CLA ? RINET*, klar'-e-n£t. n. s. [ckrinelte, Fr.] A kind of hautboy, but of a shriller tone. CLA'RION, klare'-yfin. 113, 534. n. s. [claron, old Fr.] A trumpet. Svenser. CLA'RITUDE*, klar'-e-tade. n. s. Splendour. Beaumont. Ob. T. CLA'RITY, klar'-e-te. 511. n. s. Brightness; splen- dour. Sir W.Raleigh. CLA'RY, kla'-re. n. s. An herb. Bacon. To CLA'RY*, kla'-re. v. n. To make a loud or shrill noise. A. Goldinsc. To CLASH S, klash. v.n. [klatschen, Germ.] To 196 CLA CLE — 116, move, n6r, not ;— tube, Mb, bull ; — 6?l ; — pdund ;— th'm, THis. make a noise by mutual collision. Denham. To act with opposite power, or contrary direction. Bacon. To contradict. L' Estrange. To CLASH, klash. v. a. To strike one thing against another, so as to produce a noise. Dnjden. CLASH, klash. n. s. A noisy collision of two bodies. Beaumont and Fletcher. Opposition ; contradiction. Detiham. CLASHING*, klash'-fng. n. s. Opposition ; enmity. Howell. CLASP§, klasp. n. s. [clespe, Dutch.] A hook to hold any thing close. Addison. An embrace, in con- tempt. Shakspeare. To CLASP, klasp. r. a. To shut with a clasp. Hooker. To catch and hold by twining. 31ilton. To enclose between the hands. Bacon. To em- brace. Shakspeare. To enclose. Shakspeare. CLA SPER, klas'-pfir. n. s. The tendrils or threads of creeping plants". Ray CLA'SPKNIFE, klasp'-nlfe. n. s. A knife which folds into the handle. CLASS §, Mas. rL's. [classis, Lat.] A rank or order «f persons. Dry den. An assembly of persons, with in a certain division. Bp. Bancroft. A number of boys learning the same lesson at the school. Watts. A set of beings or things. Addison. To CLASS, klas. v. a. To range according to some stated method of distribution. Arbuthnot. CLASSICAL, Was'-se-kal. ) a. [classicus, Lat.] Re- CLA'SSICK, klas'-slk. ) lating to antique au- thors. Addison. Of the first order or rank. Fell. Relating to the order and rules of the Presbyterian assemblies. Milton. CLASSICALLY*, klas'-se-kal-le. ad. In a classical manner. CLA'SSICK, klas'-sik. n. s. An author of the first rank: usually taken for ancient authors. Pope. CLASSIFICATION*, klas'-se-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. Ranging into classes. Burke. To CLASSIFY*, klas'-se-fi. v. a. To arrange. CLA S SIS, klas'-sk n. s. [Lat.] Order ; sort; body. Clarendon. A convention or assembly of persons. Milton. To CLATTER S,klat'-tar. v.n. [klalteren,Teut.] To make a noise by knocking two sonorous bodies fre- quently together. Dnjden. To utter a noise by being struck together. Knolies. To talk fast and idly. Spenser. To CLA'TTER, klat'-tfir. v. a. To strike anv thing so as to make it sound and rattle. Milton. To dis- pute, jar, or clamour. CLA'TTER, klat'-tfir. n. s. A rattling noise made by the frequent collision of sonorous bodies. Swift. Tumultuous and confused noise. Shakspeare. CLATTERER*, klat'-tur-ur. n. s. He who makes any noise. Bale. One who will disclose any light secret. Huloet. CLATTERING*, klat'-tur-lng. n. s. A noise ; rattle. CLA'UDENT, klaw'-dent. a. [claudens, Lat.] Shut- ting ; enclosing. Diet. CLAOJDICANT*, klaw'-de-kant. a. Limping 5 halt- [claudi- To CLATJDICATES, klaw'-de-kate. v. n co, Lat.] To halt. Diet. CLAUDICATION, klaw-de-ka'-shun. n. s. Lame- ness. Coigrave. CLAUSE, klawze. n. s. {clause, old Fr.] A sentence. Hooker. An article or particular stipulation. Hooker. CLA'USTRAL, kl!W-tral. a. [claustrum, Lat.] Re- lating to a cloister, or religious house. Aylifte. CLA'USURE, klaw'-zhure. 452. n. s. [dausura, Lat.] Confinement. Geddes. CLA'VATED, klav'4-ted. a. [cktvatus, Lat.] Set with knobs. Woodviard. CLAVE, klave. The preterit of cleave. CLA'VELLATED, klav'-el-la-ted. a. Made with burnt tartar Chambers. CLA'VER, kla'-vur. n. s. [claepeji, Sax.] Clover. CL A'VICHORD*, klav'-e-k6rd. n. s. The same with clwicliord. 15 CLA'VICLE, klav'-e-kl. 405. n. s. [claviada, Lat.] The collar bone. Brown, CLAWS, klaw. n.s. [clap, Sax.] The foot of a beast or bird, armed with sharp nails 5 or the pincers or holders of a she 11 -fish. Spenser. To CLAW, klaw. v. a. To tear with claws. Sliak. To pull, as with the nails. South. To tear or scratch. Hudibras. To flatter. Wilson. — To claw off, or away. To scold. Bp. Nicolson. CLA'WBACK, klaw'-bak. n.s. A flatterer. War- ner. CLA'WBACJC* klaw'-bak. a. Flattering. Bp. Hall. CLA'WED, klawd. 359. a. Furnished with claws. Grew. CLAYS, kla. n.s. [cZai, Welsh.] Unctuous and te- nacious earth, such as will mould into a certain form. Hill. Earth in general. Donne. Dirt, or moistened earth. St, John. To CLAY, kla.. v. a. To cover with clay. Men-timer. CLAY-COLD, kla'-kold. a. Lifeless ; cold as the un- animated earth. Rowe. CLAY-GROUND*, kla'-ground. n. s. Ground abounding with clay. 1 Kmgs. CLAY-PIT , kla/-p?t. n. s. A pit where clay is dug. Woodward. CLA YES, klaze. n. s. \chxye, Fr.] [In fortification.] Wattles made with stakes interwoven with osiers, to cover lodgements. CLA'YEY, kia'-e. a. Consisting of clay. Derhom, CLA'YISH, kkV-lsh. of the proper name of a place, denotes CLIVE, S it to be situated on the side of a rock or hill ; as; Cleveland, Clifton, Standi ff. CLE'VER*, kleV-ur. 98. a. Dexterous; skilful. L' Estrange. Just ; fit. Pope. Well-shaped. Ar- buthnot. A low word, applied to any thing a man likes, without a settled meaning. CLE'VERLY, klev'-fir-le. ad. Dexterously. Hudibr. CLEVERNESS, kleV-ur-nes. n.s. Dexterity; skill. CLEW $, kk'i. n. s. [clype, Sax.] Thread wound unon a bottom. Spemer. A guide; a direction. Holder. To CLEW, klu. v. a. To cleic the sails, is to raise them, in order to be furled. Hai-ris. To direct. Beaumont and Fletcher. To CLICKS, kllk. v. n. [cliken, Dutch.] To make a sharp, small, successive noise. Gay. To CLICK*, kllk. v. a. To catch or snatch hastilv. CLICK*, klik. ft. s. The latch of a door. CLI'CKER, khV-ur. n. s. The servant of a sales- man, who stands at the door to invite customers. CLFCKET, khV-et. n. s. [cliquet, old Fr.] The ring, knocker, or hammer of a door. Cotgrave. For- merly, a kev. Chaucer. CLIENT 6, kll'-ent. n. s. [client, Fr.] One who ap- plies to an advocate for counsel. Bacon. A de- fendant. B. Jonson. IE'NTAL* kll-en'-tal. a. Dependant. Burke. CLFENTED, kli'-en-ted. part. a. Supplied with cli- ents. Carcw. CLIENTELE, kll-en-tele 7 . n. s. The condition or office of a client. Bp- Hall. CLFENTSH1P, kll'-ent-ship. n. s. The conditior, of a client. CLIFFS, klff. n. s. [clivus, Lat.] A steep rock. Ba» con. The name of a character in musick; proper* ly clef. Sir J. Hawkins. CLFFFY* kllf-fe. a. Broken ; craggy. Harmar. CLIFT, kllft. n. s. Sometimes used for cliff or cleft. CLFFTED*, klift'-ed. a. Broken. Congreve. CLFFTY*, khT'-te. a. The same as cliffy. Pennant CLIMA 7 CTER$ 7 kll-mak 7 -tur. 122. n.s. UW^p | 198 M CLO CLO — n6, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound : — thin, THis. A certain space of time, or progression of years. Brown. CLIMACTE'RICK. kllm-ak-uV-rlk. 530. ) n. s. A CLIMACTE'RICAL, kfim-ak-teV-re-kal. \ certain number of years, at the end of which some great change is supposed to befall the body. Broivn. CLFMATE$, kll'-mate. 91. n.s. [ K X«>a.l A space upon the surface of the earth, measured from the equator to the polar circles ; in each of which spaces the longest day is half an hour longer than in that nearer to the equator. A region, or tract of land, differing from another by the temperature of the air. To CLl'MATE, kll'-mate. v.n. To inhabit. Sliak. CLFMATURE, kll'-ma-tshure. 463. n. s. Climate. Shakspeare. Ob. J. CLIMAX, kll'-maks. n. s. [kAi^.] Gradation ; as- cent. Drijden. To CLIMB §, kllme. v. n. pret. clomb or climbed ; part, clomb or climbed, [chman, Sax.] To ascend up with labour. Shakspeare. To CLIMB, kllme. v. a. To ascend ; to mount. Shak. CLFMBABLE*, kllme'-a-bl. a. Ascendable. Slier- tcood CLFMBER, kll'-mur. n. s. One that mounts any place. Carew. A plant that creeps upon other supports. Mortimer. The name of a particular herb. Miller. To CLFMBER, kll'-mur. v.n. To mount with effort. Tiisser. CLFMBING*, kli'-ming. n. s. Ascending any place. Ecclus. xxv. CLIME, kllme. n. s. [from climate] Climate ; region. Milton. To CLINCH^, klinsh. v. a. [klinka, Swed.] To hold in the hand with the fingers bent over it. Dryden. To contract or double the fingers. Swift. To bend the point of a nail in the other side. Beaumont and Fletcher. To confirm ; to fix. To CLINCH*, klinsh. v. n. To hold fast upon. Tr. of Bujj'on. CLINCH, klinsh. n. s. A word used in a double meaning; a pun ; an ambiguit}\ Boyle. That part of the cable which is fastened to the ring of the an- chor. CLINCHER, klinsh'-ur. 98. n. s. A cramp ; a hold- fast. Pope. To CLING§, kllng. v. n. pret. I clung ; part. I have clung, [klynger, Danish.] To hang upon by twin- ing round. Shakspeare. To adhere. B. Jonson. To CLING*, kJhig Shakspeare. CLINGY, kling'-e. a. CLFNICAL, klin'-e-kal. CLFNICK, klln'-ik. To dry up ; to consume. Adhesive. \ a. [kXjVw.1 Those that keep \ their bed r-A clinical lec- ture is a discourse upon a disease, made by the bed of the patient. CLFNICK*, klin'-ik. n. s. One on his death-bed. Abp. Sancroft. To CLINK §, kllngk. 405. v. a. [klimken, Teut.] To strike so as to maice a small, sharp noise. Chaucer. To CLINK, kllngk. v. n. To utter a small, sharp noise. Prior. CLINK, kllngk. 405. n. s. A sharp, successive noise. Shakspeare. A key -hole. Spenser. CLrNQUANT,k\hgk'-&nt. a. [Fr.] Dressed in embroidery or tinsel nnery. Shakspeare. To CLIP §, klip. v. a. [clippan, Sax.] To embrace ; to hug. Sidney. To cut with sheai-s. Sidney. To diminish com by paring the edges. Locke. To cur- tail ; to cut. Harmar. To confine ; to hold. Shak. To CLIP, klip. v. n. A phrase in falconry. Dryden. CLIP*, klip. n. s. An embrace. Sidneif. CLFPPER, klip'-pur. n. s. One that debases coin by cutting. Shakspeare. A barber. Huloct. CLFPPING, kllp'-pmg. n. s. A part cut off. Locke. To CLISH-CLASH* klish'-klash. tt. n. To sound like the clashing of swords. Mirror for Magistrates. CLFVER. See Cleaver. CLOAK §, kloke. n. s. [lach, Sax.] The garment with which the rest are covered. Sluxkspeare. A concealment ; a cover. 1 Peter. To CLOAK, kl6ke. v. a. To cover with a cloak. To hide. Spenser. CLO'AKBAG, kl6ke'-bag. n. s. A portmanteau. Shakspeare. CLO'AKEDLY, kl6ke'-ed-le. ad. In a concealed manner. CLO'CHARD*. n.s. [cloche, Fr.] A belfry. Weerer. CLOCK §, klok. n. s. [clocc, Welsh.] The instrument which tells the hour by a stroke upon the bell. Ba- con. It is an usual expression to say, What is it of the clock 1 for What hour is it ? or ten o'clock, for the tenth hour. Shakspeare. — The clock of a stocking : the flowers or inverted work about the ankle. Sicift. An insect ; a sort of beetle. The sound which the hen makes in calling her chickens. To CLOCK §* klok. v. a. [cloccan, Sax.] To call, as the hen calls her chickens. Ld. Northampton. See To Cluck. To CLOCK*, klok. v. n. To make a noise like the hen. The Silkewormes. CLO'CK-xMAKER, klok'-ma-kfir. n. s. He whose £rofession is to make clocks. Derham. O'CK-SETTER*, klok'-set-tur. ft.* One who regulates the clock. Shakspeare. CLQ'CK-WORK, klok'-wurk. n. s. Movements like those of a clock. Prior. CLOD §, klod. n. s. [club, Sax.] A lump of earth or clay. Bacon. A turf; the ground. Sicift. Any thing concreted together. Carew. A lump of metal. Milton. Any thing vile, base, and earthy. Sjwiser. A dull, gross fellow. Dryden. To CLOD, klod. v. n. To gather into concretions. Milton. To CLOD, klod. v. a. To pelt with clods. CLOTH) Y, kiod'-de. a. Consisting of earth or clods; mean; gross. Shak. Full of clods unbrokeu. Mortimer. CLO'DHOPPER* ktfd'-hop-pur. See Clod poll. I CLO'DPATE, klod'-pate. n.s. A stupid fellow. CLODPATED, klod'-pa-ted. a. Stupid ; dull. Arbu. CLO'DPOLL, kl6d'-pole. n. s. A thickskull ; a dolt - Shakspeare. CLOFF f, klof. n. s. The same with dough. To CLOG$, klog. v. a. [clog, Welsh.] To load with, or encumber. Slink. To hinder; to obstmc. Ra- leigh. To burthen ; to embarrass. Dryden. To CLOG, kldg. r. n. To coalesce ; to adhere. Eve- hjn. To be encumbered. Sharp. CLOG, klog. n. s. A load ; a weight. Slutk. An en- cumbrance. Hooker. A kind of additional shoe worn by women to keep them from wet. A wood- en shoe. Harvey. CLO'GGINESS, kldg'-ge-nes. n. s. The state of be- ing clogged. CLO'GGING*, kl&g'-glng. n.s. An obstruction. More. CLO'GGY, kl6g'-ge. 283. a. That has the power of clogging up. Boyle. CLOISTER $,kl6is'-tur. n.s. [claustrwn, Lat.] A religious retirement; a monastery; a nunnery. Dairies. A peristyle ; a piazza. To CLOTSTER, klSis'-tur. v. a. To shut up in a religious house ; to confine. Shakspeare. CLO'ISTERALjkiaisM&r-al.SS.a. Solitary. Donne. CLOTSTERED, ktfis'-turd. part. a. Inhabiting cloisters. Shak. Built with peristyles or piazzas. Wotton. CLOISTERER*, kl6is'-tur-ur. n. s. One belonging to the cloister. Bp. Bramhall. CLO'ISTERESS, kl6is'-tres. n. s. A nun. Shak. CLOKE. See Cloak. CLOMB, k!6m. Pret. of To climb. CLONG*, klong. The old part, of To cling. To CLOOM, klocm.r.a. [clsemian, Sax.] To close with glutinous matter. Mortimer. To CLOSER kloze. 437. v. a. [cla?tsus, Lat.] To shut.il/i7/on. To conclude. Dryden. To enclose. Shak. To join; to unite fractures. Shak. To CLOSE, kl6ze. v.n. To coalesce. Numb.— To close upon. To agree upon. To close with. To close in vrith. To come to an agreement with. Shale. To close icith. To grapple with in wrestling. 199 CLO CLO 0= 559.— Fate, far. fall, fat;— me, met j— pine, pm CLOSE, kloze. n. s. Any thing- shut. Bacon. The man- ner of shutting. Chapman, f he time of shutting- up. Dryden. A grapple in wrestling. Bacon. Pause ; cessation. Milton. A conclusion or end. Milton. CLOSE, klose. n. s. A small field enclosed. Sluik. CLOSE, kl6se. 437, 499. a. Shut fast. Wiltons. Having no vent. Dryden. Confined; stagnant. Bacon, Compact; solid. Burnet. Viscous ; not volatile. Wiltons. Concise ; brief. Dryden. Join- ed without any distance or space between. B.Jon- son. Approaching nearly. Sliak. Narrow. Dry- den. Undiscovered. Sliak. Hidden 5 secret. Spar- ser. Trusty. Sliak. Cloudy ; sly. Sliak. With- out wandering ; attentive. Locke. Full to the point ; home. Dryden. Retired. Chron. Applied to the weather : dark, cloudy, not clear. CLOSE, kl6se. ad. Has the same meanings with closely. CLOS&-BANDED, klose'-band-id. a. In close or- der. Milton. CLOSE-BODIED, kl6se-bod'-ld. 99. a. Made to fit the body exactlv. Ayliffe. CLOSE-COMPACTED*, kttse'-kum-pakt'-eU a. In close order. Addison. CLOSE-COUCHED*, kl6se'-k6utsht. a. Concealed. Milton. CLOSE-CURTAINED*, klise'-kur-thid. a. Encir- cled with curtains. Milton. CLOSE-FISTED*, kl6se'-f1st-Sd. a. Penurious. Bp. Berkeley. CLOSE-HANDED, klose-han'-ded. a. Covetous. Hale. CLOSE-HANDEDNESS*, kttse'-hand'-ed-nes. n.s. Penuriousness. Archd. Holyday. CLOSE-PENT, kl6se'-pent. a. Shut close. Dryden. CLOSE-TON GUED*, kl6se'-tungd. a. Cautious in speaking. Sliakspeare. CLO SELY, kl6se'-le. ad. Without inlet or outlet. Boyle. Without much space intervening ; nearly. Sliakspeare. Attentively. Pope. Secretly; slily. Spenser. Without deviation. Dryden. Tightly; as, the garment fitted closely. CLOSENESS, klose'-nes. n. s. The state of being shut. Bacon. Narrowness. Want cf air, or ven- tilation. Swift. Compactness. Bacon. Reeluse- ness. Sliakspeare. Secrecy ; privacy. Bacon. Cov- etousness. Addison. Connexion. South. CLO'SER. klo'-zur. n. s. A finisher; a concluder. CLO'SESTOOL. kl6se'-sto6l. n. s. A chamber im- plement. Garth. CLO SET, kldz'-It. 99. n. s. A small room of privacy. Spenser. A private repository of curiosities. Dry- den. To CLO'SET, kloz'-it. v. a. To shut up in a closet. Herbert. To take into a closet for a secret inter- view. Swift. CLO'SET-SIN*, kloz'-ft-sm. n. s. Wickedness com- mitted secretly. Bp. Hall. CLOSH, klosh. n. s. A distemper in the feet of cat- tle; the founder. Diet. CLOSING*, klo'-zing. n. s. Period ; conclusion. CLOSURE, klo'-zhure. 452. n. s. The act of shut- ting up. Boyle. That by which am 7 thing is closed. Wallis. Enclosure. Sliakspeare. Conclusion ; end. Sliakspeare. CLOT§, klot. n.s. [klotte, Dutch.] Concretion ; coag- ulation ; grume. Bacon. A dull, heavy man. B. Jonson. To CLOT, klot. v. a. To form clots, or clods. To concrete ; to coagulate. Hudibras. To become gross. CLO'TBniD*, kl&t'-burd. n. s. The common oenan- the. CLOTH §,k\bth. 467. n.s. plural cloths, kloths, or clothes, kloze. [claS, Sax.] Any thing woven for dress. Drayton. The piece of linen spread upon a table. Pope. The canvass on which pictures are delineated. Dryden, Any texture put to a partic- ular use. Sir J. Hayward. Dress ; raiment. Quarles. A texture of wool. In the plural : dress ; habit. [In this sense, always clothes, kl6ze.] Spen- ser. The covering of a bed. Prior. To CLOTHE, kloTHe. 467. v. a. pret. I clothed, or clad ; parlicip. clothed, or clad. To invest with garments. Addison. To adorn with dress. Ruy. To invest, as with clothes. Job. To furnish with clothes. Proverbs. To CLOTHE, kloTHe. v. n. To wear clothes. Shak. CLOTHIER, kkVrHe'-yer. 113. n. s. A maker or seller of cloth. Sliakspeai-e. CLOTHING, kloTHe'-lng. 410. n.s. Dress; vesture. Fairfax. CLO THSHEARER, kl&tfi'-sheer-ur. n. s. One who trims the cloth, and levels the nap. HakeicUL CLO'THWORKER*, kld*/i'-wArk-ur. n. s. A ma< ker of cloth. Scott. CLO'TPOLL, kl&t'-pole. n. s. Thickskull ; block- head. Sliakspeare. Head, in scorn. Sliakspeare. To CLO'TTER, klot'-tur. v. n. To concrete ; to coagulate. Dryden. CLO'TTY, kl6t'-te. a. Full of clots. Harvey. CLOUD §, kldud. n. s. [derivation not known.] The dark collection of vapours in the air. Sliakspeare. The veins, marks, or stains in stones, or other bodies. Any state of obscurity or darkness. Milton, A crowd ; a multitude. Alter bury. To CLOUD, kl6ud. v. a. To darken with clouds. To make of sullen appearance. Milton. To obscure. Decay of Piety. To variegate with dark veins Pope. To sully ; to defame. Shakspeare. To CLOUD, kloud. v.n. To grow cloudy. Shak. CLOUDBERRY, klSud'-ber-re. n. s. A plant, the knotberry. Miller. CLOUD ASCENDING*, kloud'-as-send'-frg. a. Mounting to the clouds. Sandys. CLO'UDBORN*, kiaud'-born. a. Born of a cloud. Di-yden. CLO'UDCAPT, kloud'-kapt. a. Topped with clouds, Shakspeare. CLO UDC0MPELL1NG, kloud'-kom-pel-lmg. 410 a. An epithet of Jupiter, by whom clouds were supposed to be collected. Waller. Simply, col- lecting clouds. Thomson. CLO'UDCOVERED*, klMd'-kuv-erd. a. Wrapt in clouds. Young. CLO'UDECLIPSED*, kloud'-e-kfipst. a. Eclipsed by a cloud. Shakspeare. CLO'UDDISPELLING*, kloud'-dis-pSl'-lng. a. Having power to disperse. Dryden. CLO'UDKISSrNG*. kloud'-kis-sfng. a. Touching, as it were, the clouds. Shakspeare. CLO'UDTOPT*, kloud'-topt. a. Having the top covered with clouds. Gray. CLO'UDTOUCHING*, klSud'-tutsh-fng. a. Ascend- ing, as it were, to the clouds. Sandys. CLOUDILY, kldud'-de-le. ad. With clouds. Ob scurely. Spenser. CLO UDINESS, klSud'-de-nes. n. s. Being covered with clouds ; darkness. Shakspeare. Want of brightness. Boyle. CLOUDLESS, klo&d'-les. a. Without clouds ; clear. Peek. CLOTJDY r , kMd'-de. a. Covered with clouds. Ex- odus. Dark ; obscure. Watts. Gloomy of look. Spenser. Marked with spots or veins. Not bright. Boyle. CLOUGH, klSu. 313. n. s. [clou^h, Sax.] The cleft of a hill; a cliff. Verstegan. CLOUGH, kl&f. n. s. An allowance of two pounds in every hundred weight for the turn of the scale, that the commodity may hold out weight when sold by retail. CLOUT §, kl66t. n. s. [clufc, Sax.] A cloth for any mean use. Spenser. A patch on a shoe or coat. Wkliffe. Anciently, the mark of white cloth at which archers shot. Shakspeare. An iron plate to keep an axle-t^ee from wearing. A blow. To CLOUT, kl6ut. v. a. To patch. Bale. To cover with a cloth. Spenser. To join coarsely together. Harmar. To CLOUT*, kld&t. v. a. To beat; to strike. Beau mont and Fletcher. CLOTJTED, klS&'-tgd. part. a. Congealed; coagu lated. Used for clotted. Drayton. CLU COA — 116, move, nor, not 5 — tube, tub, bull ;— 6ii ; — pS&nd ; — thin, THis. CLCKUTErtLY, kl6u'-tur-le. a. [yMoefe, Teui.} Clum- sv ; awkward. Mortimer. CLOVE, kl6ve. The preterit of clean. CLOVER, klove. n. s. [dupe, Sax.] A valuable spice, brought from the East Indies. Brown. The parts into which garlick separates, when the outer skin is torn off'. Tate. CLOVE-GILLYFLOWER, klove-jll'-le-flofir. n. *, A flower. Miller. CLCVEN, klo'-vn. 103. part. pret. from cleave. CLOVEN-FOOT*, kkV-vn-iut. a. Relating to a foot divided into two parts. Spenser. CLOVEN-FOOTED, kkV-vn-fut-ed. ) a. Having the CLOVEN-HOOFED, kkV-vn-hoofi. \ foot divided into two parts. Brown. CLO'VER'S, kkV-v5r. } n. s. CLOVER-FLOWER*. klo'-vfir-fl6u-ur. V [claepep, CLOVER-GRASS, klry-vfir-gras. } Sax.] A species of trefoil. Shakspeare. — To live in clo-cer, is to live luxuriously. Ogle. CLOWERED, kkV-vfird. 359. a. Covered with clo- ver. Thor^on. CLOWN' k!6un. n. s. [lopn, Sax.] A rustick. Sid- ney. A coarse, ill-bred man. Spectator. A princi- pal charae'er in pantomimes. To CLOWN*, kl5un. w. n. To affect the behaviour of a clown. B. Jonson. CLO'WNAGE*, klMn'-aje. n. s. The behaviour of a clown. B. Jonson. CLO'WNERY, kl6un'-ur-re. n. s. Ill-breeding. Chapman. CLO'WxNISH, kl6&n'-?sh. a. Consisting of rusticks or clowns. Drijden. Coarse ; rough. Spenser. Ill- mannered. Shak. Clumsy j ungainly. Wotton. CLOYVNISHLY, kl6un'-fsh-le. ad. Coarselv. CLOaVNISHNESS, klSun'-ish-n^s. n. s. Rusticity. Dryden, Incivility. Fanshawe. CLOWN'S MUSTARD, kloanz-mus'-tord. n. s. An herb. To CLOY§, kl6e. v. a. [enclouer, Fr.] To satiate; to fill to loathing. Sidney. To claw the beak, an ac- customed action with hawks and eagles. Shak. To nail up guns, by a spike in the touch-hole. CLO'YLESS, kloe'-les. a. That of which too much cannot be had. Shakspeare. CLO'YMENT, klde'-ment. n. s. Satiety. Shak. CLUB$, kl&b. n. s. [clwppa, Welsh.] A heavy slick. Spenser. The name of one of the suits of cards. Pope. The dividend of a tavern reckoning. L Estrange. An association of persons subjected to particular rules. Swift. Concurrence ; joint charge. Hudibras. An old term for a boob v. To CLUB, klub. v. n. To contribute to a common expense in settled proportions. Bp. Nicolson. To join to one effect. Dryden. l^o CLUB, kl&b. v. a. To pay to a common reckon- ing. Pope. CLU'BBED*, klub'-bSd. a. Heavy, like a club. ChoMcer. CLIFBBER* See Cluebist. CLU T/ BBISH*, kl&b'-blsh. a. Rustick. Mirror for Magistrates. CLU'BBIST*, klub'-blst. n. s. He who belongs to a particular association. Burke. CLU'BFIST*, klub'-flst. n. s. A large fist. Mirror for Magistrates. CLU'BFISTED*, klub'-ffst-ed. a. Having a large fist. Howell. CLUBFCOTED*, klub'-ffit-e'd. a. Short, or crook- ed in the foot. Cotgrave. CLUBHE'ADED, klub'-hed-ecl. a. Having a thick Vad. DerJiam. CLUBLA'W, klub'-law. n. s. Regulation by force. Addison. CLU'BMAN* klub'-man. n. s. One who carries a club. CLU'BROOM, klub'-room. n. s. The rooir, in which a club assembles. Addison. To CLUCKS, kluk. v. n. [cloccwn, Welsh.] To call chickens, as a hen. Shakspeare. To CLUCK*, kluk. v. a. To call, as a hen calls chick- 1] ens. Sfuikspeare. || CLUE*. The same as cletc. CLUMP, klump. n. s. [klump, Germ.] A shapeless piece of wood, or other matter. A cluster of trees, Shenstone. To CLUMPER* kl&mp'-6r. v. a. To form into clumps or masses. More. CLUMPS, klfimps. n.s. A numbskull. CLU'MSILY, klum^-ze-le. ad. Awkwardly Ray. CLU'MSLNESS, klunV-ze-nes. n. s. Awkwardness Collier. CLU'MSY$, khW-ze. a. [lompsch, Dutch.] Awk- ward ; heavy ; artless ; unhandy. Ray. CLUNG, klong. The preterit of cling. CLUNG, klong. a. Wasted with leanness; shrunk up with cold. To CLUNG, klong. v. n. To dry as wood does, when laid up after it is cut. To adhere. More. CLU NIACK*, klu'-ne-ak. n. s. [Chmiacensis, Lat. from Cluni in Burgundy.] One of a reformed order of Benedictine monks. CLU'NIACK*, klu'-ne-ak. a. Belonging to the order ofCluny. Gongh. CLUSTERS, khV-tur.98.7i.s. [clyrtep.Sax.] A bunch. Bacon. A number of animals gathered together. Milton. To CLUSTER, klfis'-lfir. v.n. To grow in bunches. Milton. To CLUSTER, klus'-tor. v. a. To collect any thing into bodies. Sir W. Alexander. CLU'STER-GRAPE, klus'-tur-grape. n. s. The small black grape. Mortimer. CLUSTERY, klus'-tur-re. a. Growing in clusters. Cot grave. CLUTCH, klutsh. n.s. The gripe; grasp. Charac- ters abovl 16G1. Generally, in the plural the paws. the talons. L' Estrange. Hands, in a sense of ra- pacitv. Hudibras. CLUTTERS, klm'-t&r. 98. n.s. See Clatter. A noise; a bustle. U Estrange. To CLU'TTER, klfit'-tur. v.n. To make a noise, or bustle. CLUSTER $, klV-tur. _ p.. s. |>AwTty.] A liquid remedy, applied by injection up the rectum. Ar- buthnoi. CLYSTER-PIPE*, ktfs'-tar-pjpe. n. s. The tube or pipe by which a clyster is injected. To CLY'STERIZE*, ktiV-tur-lze. v.n. To apply a clyster. Cotgrave. CLY'STERWlSE*, khV-lur-wlze. ad, In the man- ner of a clyster. Greenhill. To COACERVATE §, ko-a-seV-vate. 91, 503, {b.) v. a. [coacervo, Lat.] To heap up together. Bacon. 9$= Every dictionary but Entick's has the accent on the penultimate syllable of this word; and that this is the true accentuation, we may gather from the tendency of the accent to rest on the same syllable as in the Latin word it is derived from, when the same number of syllables are in both; as in coacervo and coacervate. See Arietate. W. COACERVA'TION, ke-as-ser-va'-shtm. n. s. Heap- ing, or being heaped together. Bacon. COACH §, kotsh. n. s. [coclie, Fr.] A carriage of pleasure or state, distinguished from a chariot by having seats fronting each other. Sidney. To COACH, k6tsh. v. a. To carry in a coach. B. Jonson. To draw together, as horses harnessed to a coach. Every Woman in her Humour. CO'ACHBOX, kotsh'-boks. n. s. The seat on which the driver of the coach sits. Arbuthnot. CO'ACHFUL*, kdtsh'-f&l. n.s. A coach filled with persons. Addison. COACH-HIRE, kotsh'-hlre. n. s. Money paid for the use of a coach. Dryden. COACH-HORSE*, kitsh'-horse. n. s. A horse de- signed for drawing a coach. B. Jonson. COACH-HOUSE, kitsh'-hdfe. n. s. The house in which the coach is kept. Swift. CO'ACH MAKER, k6tsh'-ma-kar. n. s. He whose trade is to make coaches. Shakspeare. 201 COA COB \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, meH;— pine, pin; CO'ACHMAN, k6tsh'-man. 88. re. s. The driver of a coach. Prior. COACHMANSHIP*, kitsh'-man-shfp. re. s. The skill of a coachman. Jenyns. To COA'CT §, kA-akt'. v. re. [from con and act.] To act tog-ether. Shakspeare. COASTED*, k6-akt'-ed. part. a. [coactus, Lat.] Forced. B. Jonson. CO ACTION, ko-ak'-shfin. re. s. Compulsion. Bale. COA'CTDTE, k6-ak'-tlv. 157. a. Compulsory ; re- strictive. Raleigh. Acting in concurrence. SJiak. COA'CTIVELY*, k6-ak / -tiv-le. ad. In a compulsory manner. Bp. Bramhall. COADJU'MENT, k6-ad'-ju-ment. re. 5. Mutual as- sistance. COADJU'TANT, ko-ad'-ju-tant. a. [con and adjuio.] Helping. Phillips. COADJUTOR, kd-ad-ji'-tfir. 166. n. s. A fellow- helper. Dryden. [In the canon law.] One who is appointed to perform the duties of another. Ay- liffe. COADJUTRLX*, k64d-ju'-trlks. n. s. She who is a fellow-helper. Smollet. COADJU'VANCY, k6-ad / -ju-van-se. n. s. [con and adiuvo, Lat.] Help ; concurrent help. Brown. COADUNFTION, k6-ad-u-n?sh'-un. n. s. [cm, ad, unitio, Lat.] Conjunction of different substances into one mass. Hale. COADVE'NTURER*, k6-ad-ven'-tshur-ur. n. s. A fellow-adventurer. Howell. To COAFFO'REST*. v. a. To convert ground into forest. Howell. COA'GENT*, k6-a / -jent. n. s. An associate. Beau- mont and Fletclver. To COAGME'NT §, ko-ag-ment'. v. a. [coaugmen- ter, old Fr.] To congregate or heap together. Glanville. COAGMENTA'TION, k6-ag-men-uV-shun. n. s. Collection; conjunction. B. Jonson. COA'GULABLE, k6-ag / -u-la-bl. a. Capable of con- cretion. Boyle. To COA'GULATE §, k6-ag'-u-late. 91. v.a. [coagu- h. Lat.] To force into concretions. Bacon. TV) COAGULATE, ko-ag'-u-late. v. re. To run into concretions. Bacon. COAGULATION, ko-ag-u-la'-shun. n. s. Concre- tion ; congelation. Bp. Berkeley. The body form- ed by coagulation. Arbuthnot. COAGULATrVE, ki-ag'-u-la-tlv. a. Having the power of coagulation. Boyle. COAGULATOR, ko-ag'-u-la-tur. 521. n. s. What causes coagulation. Arbuthnot. COAK. See Coke. COAL §, k6le. 295. n. s. [col, Sax.] The common fossil fuel. Chambers. The cinder of scorched wood ; charcoal. Bacon. Fire ; any thing inflamed or ignited. Shakspeare. To COAL, k-kg. n.s. mont and Fletcher. COCKLES, kok'-kl. 405. n. s. [cochlea, small testaceous fish. Shakspeare. COCKLE-STAIRS, kok'-kl-stares. n.s. or spiral stairs. Chambers. COCKLE, k6k'-kl. n. s. [coccel, Sax.] A weed that grows in corn. Job. To C0 7 CKLE, kok'-kl. v. a. To contract into wrin kles like the shell of a cockle. Gay. CO'CKLED, kok'-kld. 359. a. Shelled. Shakspeare CO'CKLER*. kok'-lfir. n. s. One who takes and sells cookies. Gray. COCKLOFT, kok'-loft. n.s. The room over the 5 arret. Gregory. 'CKMASTER, kok'-ma-stfir n. s. One that breeds game cocks. U Estrange. CO'CKMATCH, kok'-matsh. n.s. Cockfight for a prize. Addison.. CO'CKNEY, kok'-ne. 270. n. s. [The original an known.] A native of London, by way of contempt. Shak. Any effeminate, ignorant, low, mean, des- picable citizen. Shakspeare. CO'CKNEYLIKE*. kok'-ne-llke. a. Resembling the character of a cockney. Burton. CO'CKPIT, kok' -pit. n. s. The area where cocks fight. Shak. A place on the lower deck of a man of war, where are subdivisions for the purser, sur- geon, and his mates. COCK'SCOMB, koks'-kome. n.s. A plant. COCKSHEAD, koks'-heU n. s. A plant ; sainfoin. Miller. CO'CKSHUT, kok'-shat. n. s. The close of the evening. Shalcspeare. CO'CKSPUR, kok' -spur. n. s. Virginian hawthorn. Miller. COCKSURE. kok-sh55r'. a. Confidently certain. Skelton. CO'CKSWAIN. k&k'-sn. [See Boatswain.] n.s The officer who has the command of the cock-boat. - Corruptly coxon. Drummond. CO'CKWEED, k&k'-weed. n. s. A plant, dittan- der, or pepperwort. COCOA , k6'-k6. n. s. [coca, or coco, Span, and Port.] A species of palm-tree, cultivated in the East and West Indies. Miller. COCTILE, kok'-lll. 140. a. [ccctilis, Lat.] Made by baking, as a brick. CO'CTION, kok'-shon. n. Arbuthnot. s. [coctio, Lat.] The aot ¥■> A sea-fish. Shakspeare. of boiling. COD $, k6d. CODFISH, k6d'-flsh. COD $, k6d. n. s. [cobbe, Sax.] Any case or husk in which seeds are lodged. Shakspeare. A pil- low. To COD. kod. v.n. To enclose in a cod. Mortimer CO'DDERS, kod'-d&rz. n. s. Gatherers of pease. Diet, CO DDY* k&d'-de. a. Husky. Sherwood. CO'DGER*, k6d'-j5r. n.s. [coger, Span.] A miser: one who rakes together all he can. CODE, k6de. n. s. [codex, Lat.] A book. A book of the civil law. Arbuthnot. CO'DICIL, kod'-e-sil. n.s. An appendage to a will. Prior. CODFLLE, kc-d?!'. n. s. [codille, Fr.] A term at ombre, when the game is won. Pope. To CODLE§, kod"-dl. 405. v. a. To parboil. Beau- mont. To COT)LE*> k&d'-dl. v. a. To make much of. CODLING, kod'-ling. n. s. A species of apple Bacon. COE'FFICACY, k6-£f-fe-ka-se. n.s. The powet of several things acting together. Brown. COEFFFCIENCY, ko-emii'-en-se. n.s. Co-ope- ration. Glanville. COEFFICIENTS, k6-e ! f-f?sh / -ent. [See Efface.] n.s. [con and efficiens, Lat.] That which unites its action with the action of another. A term in alge- bra and in fluxions. 203 COF COG [EF 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat ;— me, mgt ;— pine, p?n ;— COEFFICIENTLY*, k6-eT-flsh'-£nt-le. ad. In a co-operating manner. COELDER*, k6-eT-dur. n. s. An elder of the same rank. Trapp. COE'LIACK Passion, kd-ef-e-ak-pash'-on. [co- eliaque, old Fr.] A species of diarrhoea, or flux. Quincy. CCEMETERY. See Cemetery. COE MPTION, ki-enf-shan. 412. n. s. [coemptio, Lat.J Buying up the whole quantity of any thing. Bacon. CCENOBY*. SeeCENOBY. To COENJO'Y*, ko-en-jde'. v. a. To enjoy together. Howell. COE'QUAL §, ko-e'-kwal. a. Equal 5 of the same rank or dignity. Shakspeare. COEQUA'LITY, k6-e-kwdf-e-te. n.s. The state of being equal. Hooker. To COE'RCE §, k6-erse'. w. a. [coerceo, Lat.] To restrain. Ay life. COE'RCIBLE, k6-eV-se-bl. a. That may be re- strained. That ought to be restrained. COERCION, k6-eV-shun. n.s. Penal restraint 3 check. Hale. COE'RCIVE, k6-eV-s?v. a. That which has the power of laying restraint, or the authority of re- straining. Blackmore. Hooker. COESSENTIAL §, k^-es-sen'-shal. a. [con and es- sentia, Lat.] Participating of the same essence. Hooker. COESSENTIA'LITY, k6-eVsen-she-al / -e-te. n. s. Participation of the same essence. Burgess. COESSE'NTIALLY*, k6-es-seV-shal-le. ad. In a co-essential manner. COEST A'BLISHMENT*, ko-gs-tab'-lish-ment. n. s. Joint establishment. Bp. of Landaff. C'OETA'NEAN* k6-e-ta'-ne-an. n. s. [con and cetas, Lat.] One of the same age with another. Au- brey. <• DETA'NEOUS, ko-e-uV-ne-ik a. Of the same age with another. Brown. OOETE'RNAL §, k6-e-teV-nal. a. [con and odernus, Lat.] Equally eternal with another. Milton. COETE'RNALLY, k6-e-teV-nal-le. ad. Of equal eternity with another. Hooker. COETE'RNITY, ko-e-teV-ni-te. n.s. Having exis- tence from eternity equal with another eternal be- ing. Hammond. COE' VAL §, k6-e'-val. a. [cocevus, Lat.] Of the same age, or time. Prior. Of the same age with another. Hale. COE'VAL, ko-e'-val. n.s. A contemporary. Hake- will. COE'VOUS. ko-e'-vfls. a. One of the same age. ToCOEXPST^ kc-eg-zisf. 478. v. n. [con and existo, Lat.] To exist at the same time. Hale. COEXI'STENCE, k6%-zis'-tense. n. s. Existence at the same time with another. Locke. COEXISTENT, k6-eg-zis'-tent. a. Existing at the same time with another. Locke. To COEXTE'ND§, k6-eks-tend'. 477. v. a. [cow and arts of any body more near to each other by vio- ence. Bacon. COMPRESSIVE*, kom-preV-sfv. a. Having the power to compress. Smith. COMPRESSURE,kom-preW-shure.452. re. s. The force of one body pressing against another. Boyle. CO'MPRIEST*, kom'-pr&st. re. s. A fellow-priest Milton. To COMPRINT, kom-prfnt'. v. n. [comprimere Lat.] To print together. [In law.] The deceitful printing of another's copy, to the prejudice of the proprietor. Phillips. COMPRISAL*, kom-prl'-zal. re. 5. The compre- hending of things. Barrow. To COMPRISES, kom-prlze'. v. a. [compris, Fr.] To contain ; to include. Hooker. To CO'MPROBATE §*, kom'-prO-Date- „. „. [ com . probo, Lat.] To agree with ; to concur in testimony. Sir T. Elyot. COMPROBA'TION, kom-pr6-ba'-shfin. re. s. Proof: attestation. Brown. COMPROMISES, kftm'-pro-mize. n. s. [compromise sum, Lat.] A mutual promise of parties at differ- ence, to refer their controversies to arbitrators. Cowel. A compact, in which concessions are made on each side. Shakspeare. To COMPROMISE, kom'-pro-mlze. v. a. To com- pound; to adjust a dispute by mutual concessions. Shenstone. To accord ; to agree. Slutkspeare. To COMPROMISE*, k. n. To admit ; to grant. Bentley. CONCETT S, kon-sete'. n. s. [conceptus, Lat.] Con ception; thought. Sidney. Understanding; readi ness of apprehension. Sidneij. Fancy ; imagina tion ; fantastical notion. Shale. Opinion in a neu tral sense. Prov. Pleasant fancy; gayety of imagination. SJmk. Sentiment; striking thought Pope. Fondness; favourable opinion; opiniona tive pride. Bentletj. Out of conceit with No longer fond of. Tillotson. To CONCE'IT, kon-sete'. v. a. To conceive ; to imag-ine ; to believe. Shakspeare. CONCE'ITED, kon-se'-ted. part. a. Endowed with fancy. TCnol-les. Proud; fond of himself. Felton. CONCE'ITEDLY, kon-se'-tid-le. ad. Fancifully; whimsically. Donne. CONCE'ITEDNESS, kon-se'-ted-nes. n. s. Pride ; opinionativeness ; fondness of himself. More. CONCE'ITLESS, kon-sete'-lgs. a. Stupid; without thought. Shakspeare. CONCE'IVABLE, kon-se'-va-bl. a. That may be imagined or thought. Wil/cins. That may be un derstood or believed. Glanville. CONCE'IVABLENESS, k6n-se'-va-bl-nes. n. s. The quality of being conceivable. 217 CON CON 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pm CONCETVABLY, kon-se'-va-ble. ad. In a conceiva- ble or intelligible manner. Mountagv.. To CONCEIVES, kon-seve'. v. a. [concevoir, ,_ Fr.] To admit into the womb. Psalm li. To form in the mind; to imagine. Jer. To comprehend; to un- derstand. Slmkspeare. To think. Swift. To CONCETVE, kon-seve'. v.n. To think; to have an idea of. Shakspeare. To become pregnant. Genesis. CONCETVER, k6n-se'-vur. n. s. One that under- stands or apprehends. Brown. CONCEIVING*, kon-se'-vfng. n. s. Apprehension; understanding. Shakspeare. To CONCEREBRATE*, k6n-seF-e-brate. v. a. To praise ; to celebrate together. Sherwood. CONCE'NT$, k&n-sent'. n. s. [concertos, Lat.] Con- cert of voices; harmony. Bacon. Consistency Dr. Maine. CONCE'NTFUL*, k&n-sent'-ful. a. Harmonious Fotherhy. CONCERTED*, kon-sent'-eU part. a. Made to agree with. Spenser. To CONCENTRATES, k6n-seV-trate. 91. v. a. [con and centrum, Lat.] To drive into a narrow compass. Arbuthnot. CONCENTRATION, kon-sen-tra'-shun. n. s. Col- lection into a narrow space round the centre. Peacham. To CONCENTRE, k&n-sen'-uV. 416. v. n. To tend to one common centre. Wotton. To CONCENTRE, kon-seV-tfir. v. a. To direct, or contract towards one centre. Milton. CONCENTRIC AL, kon-sen'-tre-kal. ) a. Having CONCENTRICK, kon-seV-trfk. £ one com- mon centre. Donne. CONCEPTUAL*, kon-sen'-tshu-al. a. Harmonious. Warton. CONCEPTACLE, k6n-sep / -ta-kl. 405. n.s. [con- ceptaculum, Lat.] That in which any thing is con- tained ; a vessel. Woodward. CONCEPTIBLE, kon-sep'-te-bl. a. That maybe conceived ; intelligible. Hale. CONCEPTION §, ^n-sep'-shun. n. s. [conceptio, Lat.] Conceiving, or growing quick with preg- nancy. Gen. The state of being conceived. Shale. Notion; idea; image in the mind. Sentiments; purpose. Shak. Apprehension; knowledge. Da- vies. Conceit ; sentiment ; pointed thought. Dryden. CONCE PTIOUS, kcrn-sep'-shus. a. Fruitful; preg- nant. Shakspeare. CONCETTIVE, kon-sep'-tlv. a. Capable to con- ceive. Brown. To CONCERN §, kon-sern'. v. a. [concerno, low Lat.] To relate to ; to belong to. Hooker. To af- fect with some passion; to touch nearly. Shak. To interest; to engage by interest. Boyle. To disturb ; to make uneasy. Derham. To concern himself. To intermeddle ; to be busy. Dryden. CONCERN, kon-sern'. n. s. Business ; affair. Den- liam. Interest ; engagement. Dryden. Importance; moment. Roscommon. Passion; affection. Dryd. CONCERNEDLY, kon-sern' -ed-le. ad. With af- fection. C'xrendon. CONCERNING, k6n-ser'-nfng. prep. Relating to. Bacon. CONCERNING*, k&n-ser'-nfng. n. s. Business. Slvxkspeare. CONCERNMENT, k6n-sern'-ment. n. s. Affair; business; interest. Milton. Relation ; influence. Denliam Intercourse ; business. Locke. Impor- tance ; moment. Boyle. Interposition ; regard. Clarendon. Passion; emotion of mind. Dryden. To CONCERT §, kan-sert'. v. a. [concerter, Fr.] To settle any thingin private by mutual communica- tion. Taller. To settle; to contrive; to adjust. Howe. To CONCERT*, k6n-sert'. v. n. To consult with. CONCERT, kon'-sert. n. s. Communication of de- signs. Swift. An assembly of musicians perform- ing before an audience. Scott. CONCERT A'TION, k6n-ser-uV-shun. n. s. [concer- tatioj Lat.] Strife ; contention. Life of Firmin. CONCERT ATIVE, kdu-seV-ta-tfv. a. Contentious quarrelsome. Diet. CONCE 1 RTO*, k&n-ser'-t6. n. s. [Ital.] A piece of musick composed for a concert. Mason. CONCESSION §, kon-ses'-shun. n.s. [concessio, Lat. J Granting or yielding. Hale. A grant; the thing yielded. K. Charles. CONCESSION ARY, kon-ses'-sh&n-ar-e. a. Given by indulgence or allowance. CONCESSIVE*, kon-seV-slv. a. Implying cences sion. Lowth. CONCESSIVELY, k6n-ses'-siv-le. ad. By way ot concession. Brown. CONCE' TTO*, kon-seV-t6. n. s. [Ital.] False con ceit ; affected wit. Slienstone. CONCH S, kongk. 408. n. s. [concha, Lat.] A shell. Dryden. CO'NCHITE*, k6n'-kk n. s. A sort of petrified shell. Bp. Nicohon. CONCHOID, k6ng'-k6?d. n. s. [conchmde, Fr.] The name of a curve. CONCIE'R GE*, kon-seerje'. [Fr.] n. s. The keeper of a palace ; a house-keeper. CONCI / LIABLE*,kon-sll / -e-a-bl. n. s. [contiliedwle, old Fr.] A small assembly. Bacon. Ob. T. CONCI'LIAR, kon-sll'-yar. a. Relating to a council. Baker. To CONCILIATE §, k6n-sll'-yate. 91, 113. v. a. [concilio, Lat.] To gain ; to win ; to reconcile. Brown. CONCILIATION, kon-sll-e-a'-shun. n. s. The act of gaining or reconciling. Bale. CONCILIATOR, kon-sll-e-a'-tur. n. s. One that makes peace. CONCILIATORY, k6n-sH'-e-a-tur-e. [See Do- mestick.] a. Tending to reconciliation. Burke. #5= Mr. Sheridan places the accent upon the a in this word, but all our other orthoepists place it, more proper- ly, upon the second syllable. 512. W. To CON CI NN ATE*, kdn-sfn'-nate. v. a. To make fit. Cockeram. Ob. T. CONCFNNITY, k6n-sin'-ne-te. n.s. Decency; fit- ness. Peacham. CONCFNNOUS $, kon-s?n'-nns. a. [concinmis, Lat.] Becoming; pleasant; agreeable. CO'NCIONATOR*, k6n'-shun-a-tur. n. s. [Lat.] A preacher. Cockeram. CO'NCIONATORY, k6n'-sbun-a-tur-e. a. Used at preachings or publick assemblies. Howell. CONCISE §, k&n-slse'. a. [concisus, Lat.] Brief j short. B. Jonson. CONCISELY, k6n-slse'-le. ad. Briefly; shortly. Goodman. CONCISENESS, kon-slse'-nes. n. s. Brevity. Dry- den. CONCISION, kon-sfzh'-zhon. n. s. [concisura, Lat.] Cutting off; excision. Philippians. CONCIT A'TION, kon-se-ta'-shftn. n. s. [concitatio, Lat.] stirring up, or putting in motion. Brown. To CONCI'TE $*, k6n-sfre'. v. a. [concito, Lat.] To excite ; to provoke. Cotprave. Ob. T. CONCLAMA'TION, kong-kla-nm'-shun. 408. n. s. [conclamatio, Lat.] An outcry or shout of many together. May. CONCLAVE, k6ng'-klave. 408. [See To Col- lect.] n.s. [conclave, Lat/) A private apartment ; an inner parlour. Diet. The room in which the cardinals meet ; or the assembly of the cardinals, Shak. A close assembly. P. Fletcher. To CONCLUDE §, kon-klude'. v. a. [conc.ludo, Lat.] To shut. Hooker. To include; to comprehend. Romans. To collect by ratiocination. Tillotson* To decide; to determine. Drijden. To end; to finish. Shakspeare. To oblige, as by the final de- termination. Bacon. To CONCLU'DE, k6n-kliide'. v. n. To peiform the last act of ratiocination ; to collect the consequence. Dairies. To settle opinion. Atterbury. Finally to determine. Shakspeare. To end. Dryden. CONCLU'DENCY, kon-klu'-den-se. n. s. Conse- quence; logical deduction of reason. Hale. CONCLU'DENT, kon-klu'-dent. a. Decisive, hacon. 218 CON CON — 116, mftve, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ;— pound ;— th'm, tkis. CONCLU'DER*, kon-khV-d&r. n. s. One who de- termines or decides. Mountain. CONCLU'DINGLY, k&n-kl.V-dmg-le. ad. With uncontrovertible evidence. Digby. CONCLUSIBLE, k6n-klu'-ze-bl. 439. a. Determi- nable. Hammond. CONCLUSION, k6n-klu'-zhun. n.s. Determina- tion ; final decision. Hooker. The collection from propositions premised. Bacon. The close; the last result of deduction. Eccles. The event of experi- ments. Shak. The end. Howell. Silence; con- finement of the thoughts. Shakspeaj-e. CONCLUSIONAL*, kdn-kla'-zhun-al. a. Conclud- ing. Hooper. CONCLUSIVE, k6n-khV-siv. 158,428. a. Decisive. King Charles. Regularly consequential. Locke. CONCLUSIVELY, k6n-khV-slv-le. ad. Decisively. Bacon. CONCLUSIVENESS, k6n-kliakspeare. To CONFEDERATES, kon-fed'-er-ate. 91. ha To join in a league. Knolles. To CONFEDERATE, k6n-fgd'-er-ate. v. n. To league ; to unite in a league. Shakspeare. CONFEDERATE, kon-fed'-er-ate. 91. a. United in league. Psalm, lxxxiii. CONFE'DERATE* kon-fgd'-er-ate. n. s. One who engages to support another ; an allv. Sliakspeare. CONFEDERATING*, kon-fecI'-er-a-tSng. n. s. Al- liance. Atterburv. CONFEDERATION, kon-fed-er-a'-shun. n. s. League; alliance. Bacon. To CONFE'R §, kon-fer'. v. n. [confero, Lat.] To discourse with another upon a stated subject ; to converse solemnly. Shakspeare. To CONFE'R kon-fer 7 . v. a. To compare. Raleigh. To gi\ e ; to bestow. Waller. To contribute ; to conduce. Glanville. CONFERENCE, kon'-fer-ense. 533. n.s. Formal discourse. Sidney. An appointed meeting for per- sonal debate. Comparison. Hooker. CONFE'RRER, k&n-fer'-flr. n. s. He that converses He that bestows. CONFERRING*, k6n-feV-?ng. n. s. Comparison ; examination. Bp. Hall. Bestowing. Clarendon. CONFE'RVA*, kdn-fer'-va. n. s. [In botany.] Hair- weed. To CONFE'SSS, kon-fes'. v. a. [confiteor,confessum, Lat.] To acknowledge a crime; to own a failure Shak. To disclose the state of the conscience to the priest. Wake. To hear the confession of a penitent, as a priest. To own ; to avow. St. Matt. Tograntj not to dispute. Shak. To show; to prove- to attest. Pope. To CONFE'SS, kon-fes'. v. n. To make confession; to disclose; to reveal. CO'NFESSARY*, k6n'-f§s-sa-re. n. s. One who makes a confession. Bp. Hall. CONFESSEDLY, kon-fes'-sed-le. 364. ad. Avow- edly; indisputably. South. CONFE'SSION, kdn-fesh'-un. n.s. The acknowl- edgement of a crime. Temple. The act of dis- burdening the conscience to a priest. Wake. Pro- fession ; avowal. 1 Tim. A formulary in which the articles of faith are comprised. Pearson. CONFE'SSIONAL, kou-fesh'-un-al. n. s. The seat or box in which the confessor sits to hear the dec- larations of his penitents. Addison. CONFE'SSIONARY, kdn-fesh'-un-a-re. n. s. The same with confessional. Diet. CONFESSION AR Y*, kon-f&sh'-un-a-re. a. Belong- ing lo auricular confession. Cofgrave. CONFE'SSIONIST*, kon-fesh'-fin-ist. n. s. He who makes profession of faith. Mountagu. CONFE'SSOR, kon'-les-sur. n.s. One who makes profession of his faith in the face of danger. Bacon. He that hears confessions, and prescribes rules of penitence. Shak. He who confesses his crimes. Did §5= Dr. Kenrick says, this word is sometimes, but iii- i properly, accented on the first syllable; but it may bo observed, that this impropriety is become so universal, that not one, who has the least pretension to politeness, dares to pronounce it otherwise. It is, indeed, to be re- gretted, that we are so fond of Latin originals as entire- ly to neglect our own; for this word can now have the accent on the second syllable, only when it means one who confesses his crimes ; a sense in which it is scarcely ever used. Mr. Sheridan and Entick have the accent on the first syllable of this word; Mr. Scott on the first and second ; Dr. Johnson, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, W. John- ston, Ash, Bailey, and Smith, on the second : but, not- withstanding this weight of authority, the best usage is certainly on the other side. TV. CONFE'ST, kdn-fesl'. a. [A poetical word for con- fessed.] Open ; known ; acknowledged. Roice. $?j= Dr. Kenrick tells us, that this is a poetical word for confessed .- and, indeed, we frequently find it so written by Pope, and others : " This clue, thus found, unravels all the rest ; K The prospect clears, and Clodio stands confest." But that this is a mere compliance with the prejudices of the eye, and that there is not the least necessity for departing from the common spelling, see Principles of English Pronunciation, No. 360. W. CONFESTLY, kSn-f^st'-le. 364. ad. Undisputably Decay of Piety. 95= Properly, confessedly. W. CONFFCIENT, kon-flsh'-ent. a. [conficiens, Lat.] That causes or procures. Did. CO'NFTDANT, kon-fe-dant'. n. s. A person trusted with private affairs. A/buthnot. g^p This word, very unlike most others from the same source, has been made to alter its French jrthography, in order to approach a little nearer to the English pro- nunciation of it. Some affected speakers on the stage pronounce the first syllable like cone, as it i3 marked in the first edition of Mr. Sheridan's dictionary ; and this is perfectly of a piece with the affectation which has al- tered the spelling of the last. By Dryden and South, as quoted by Dr. Johnson, we find this word spelled like the adjective confident ; and it is more than probable that its French pronunciation is but of late date ; but, so universal is its use at present, that a gmater mark of rusticity cannot be given than to place t^be accent on the first syllable, and to pronounce the lir.deii* instead ofdant, W. 221 CON CON £F 559.— Fate, t ar, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pui ;— To CONFFDE§, kdn-flde'. v.n. [confdo, Lat.] To trust in. Congreve. To CONFl'DE*, kon-flde'. v. a. To trust. Lyttelton. CONFIDENCE, kon'-fe-dense. n. s. FirnTbelief; reliance. Smith. Security ; opposed to timidity. Sliak. Vitious boldness ; opposed to modesty. Hooker. Consciousness of innocence^ honest boldness. 1 John. CO'NFIDENT, k&n'-fe-dent. a. Assured beyond doubt. Hammond. Positive ; dogmatical. Secure of success. Sidney. Without suspicion ; trusting without limits. Slvik. Bold, to a vice ; impudent. CO'NFIDENT, kon'-fe-dent. [See Confidant.] n. 5. One trusted with secrets. South. CONFIDENTIAL*, kon-fe-den'-shal. a. Spoken or written in confidence. Lord Chesterfield. CONFIDENTIALLY!, kon-fe-den'-shal-le. ad. In a confidential manner. CONFIDENTLY, kon'-fe-dent-le. a. Without doubt or fear of miscarriage. Shak. With firm trust. Dry den. Without appearance of doubt ; positive- ly. St. Luke. CONFIDENTNESS, kon'-fe-dent-nSs. n. s. Favour- able opinion of one's own powers ; assurance. Diet. CONFFDER*, kon-fi'-dur. n. s. One who trusts. W. Mountascu. To CONFI/GURATE§*, lum-flg'-u-rate. v.n. [con and figwa, Lat.] To show like the aspects of the planets towards each other. Jordan. CONFIGURATION, kon-ffg-u-ra'-shun. n.s. The form of the various parts of any thing, as they are adapted to each other. Glunville. The face of the horoscope, according to the aspects of the planets towards each other at any time. Brown. To CONFFGURE, k&n-flg'-ure. v. a. To dispose into any form. Bentley. CONFFNABLE*, kdn-flne'-a-bl. a. That which may be limited. Bp. Hall. CONFINES, kon'-flne. 140,492. n.s. [confnis, Lat.] Common boundary ; border ; edge. Slialcspeare. g^r" Dr. Johnson tells us, that the substantive confine was formerlj' pronounced with the accent on the last sylla- ble. The examples, however, which he gives us from the poets, prove only that it was accented both ways. But, indeed, it is highly probable that this was the case ; for instances are numerous of the propensity of latter pronunciation to place the accent higher than former- ly ; and when, by this accentuation, a noun is distin- guished from a verb, it is supposed to have its use. — See Bowl. W. CONFINE, kon'-flne. a. Bordering upon. To CONFINE, kon-flne'. v. n. To border upon. Mil. To CONFINE, kon-flne 7 . v. a. To bound ; to limit. To shut up ; to imprison. Sliak. To restrain ; to tie up to. Brown. CONFINELESS, kon-fW-les. a. Boundless- with- out end. Sfiakspeare. CONFINEMENT, kon-flne'-ment. n.s. Impri?';.- ment; restraint of liberty. Dryden. CONFINER, kon-fi'-nur. n. s. A borderer. Slwk. A near neighbour. Wotton. One which touches upon two different regions. Bacon. That which restrains liberty. Whitlock. CONFINITY, kon-fln'-e-te. n. s. Nearness ; neigh- bourhood. Diet. To CONFFRM $, kon-fiW. 108. v. a. [confrmo, Lat.] To put past doubt by new evidence. I Cor. To settle ; to establish. 1 Mace. To fix ; to radicate. Wiseman. To complete ; to perfect. Slmk. To strengthen by new solemnities or ties. Swift. To strengthen in resolution. Milton. To admit to the full privileges of a Christian, by imposition of hands. Hammond. CONFFRM ABLE, k&n-fiV-ma-bl. a. Capable of ineonlestable evidence. Brown. CONFIRM A'TION, k&ii-fer-ma'-shun. n.s. The act of establishing; settlement. Sliak. Evidence ; ad- ditional proof! Shak. Proof; convincing testimo- ny. Brown. An ecclesiastical rite. Hammond. CONFIRMATIVE*, kon-feV-ma-tlv. a. Having power to confirm. Sherwood. CONFIRMA'TOR, kon-fer-ma'-t&r. n. s. An attes- tor; that puts a matter past doubt. Brown. CONFIRMATORY, kon-ferm'-a-tfir-e. 512. [See Domestick.] a. Giving additional testimony. Bp Barlow. Relating to the rite of confirmation. Bp Complon. CONFI'RMEDNESS, kon-ferm'-ed-ness. n. s. Con- firmed state. Decay of Piety. 05= This word ought to be added to those taken notice of Principles No. 3o'5. W. CONFFRMER, kon-ferm'-ur. n.s. One that con- firms, or produces evidence or strength. Sliak. CONFFRMINGLY* kon-ferm'-mg-le. ad. In a cor roborative manner. B. Jon-son. CONFISCABLE, kcn-fls'-ka-bl. a. Liable to for- feiture. To CONFISCATES, k&n-fls'-kite. v. a. [conf scare, from fscus.~] To transfer private property to the prince or publick, by way of penalty for an of- fence. Bacon. CONFISCATE, k&n-fls'-kite. a. Transferred to tlm publick as forfeit. Shakspeare. §0" Dr. Kenrick blames Dr. Johnson for accenting this word on the second syllable, when the example he brings from Shakspeare accents it on the first ; but it may be observed, that, as the verb ought to have the ac- cent on the second syllable, the adjective, which is de- rived from it, ought to have the accent on the same syl- lable likewise ; and the example from Shakspeare must be looked upon as a poetical license. TV. CONFISCATION, kon-Hs-ka'-shfin. n.s. Transfer- ring the forfeited goods of criminals to publick use. CONFISCATORY kon'-fls-ka-tur. n. s. One who is concerned in confiscated property. Burke. CONFISCATORY*, kon-fls'-ka-tur-e. a. Consign- ing to forfeiture. Burke. CONFIT*, kon'-fu. n.s. [confetlo, Ital.] Any swec* meat or confection. Beaumont and Fletcher. CONFITENT, kon'-fe-lent. n. s. [conf tens, Lat.j One who confesses his faults. Decay of Piety. CONFITURE, konMk-tshure. 461. n. s. [Fr.] A sweetmeat ; a comfit. Bacon. To CONFFX$, k6n-f?ks'. v. a. [conf go, confxvm, Lat.] To fix down; to fasten. Shakspeare. CONFFXURE*, kon-flks'-ure. n.s. The act of fas- tening. W. Mountagu. CONFLA'GRANTS, kon-fla'-grant. a. [confagi-ans Lat.] Burning together; involved in a general fire. Miltcra. CONFLAGRATION, kon-fia-gra'-shun. n.s. A feneral fire. Brown. It is generally taken for the re which shall consume this world at the consum- mation of things. CONFLA'TION, kon-fla'-shun. n.s. [conflatum, Lat.] The act of blowing many instruments together. Ba- con. Casting or melting of metal. CONFLE'XURE, k6n-flek'-shure. 452. n.s. [con- flexura, Lat.] A bending or turning. IFoCONFLFCTS, kon-ffikt'. v.n. [confiigo, Lat.] To strive ; to contest ; to fight. Shakspeare. CONFLICT, k&n'-fllkt. 492. n. s. A violent collision of two substances. Boyle. A combat. Spenser. Contest ; strife. Sliak. Struggle ; agony ; pang. Hooker. CONFLUENCE, k&n'-ftii-ense. n. s. The junction or union of several streams. Raleigh. The act of crowding to a place. Shak. A concourse. Temple Collection ; concurrence. Boyle. CONFLUENT^ kon'-flu-ent. a. [confluens, Lat.] Running one into another ; meeting. Blackmore. CONFLUX, kon'-fiuks. n.s. The union of several currents. Sfiakspeare, Crowd. Milton. CONFO'RM, kon-form'. a. Assuming the same form. Bacon. To CON FO'RM§, kon-form'. v. a. [confoi-mo, Lat.| To reduce to the like appearance, shape, or man- ner. Sidney. To CONFO'RM, kon-fSrm'. v. n. To comply with to yield. Dryden. CONFORMABLE, kon-for'-ma-bl. a. Having the same form. Hooker. Agreeable; suitable; con- sistent. Addison. Compliant ; ready to follow di- rections. Shakspeare. CONFORMABLY, kon-fiV-ma-ble. ad. With con- formity ; agreeably ; suitably. Locke. 222 CON CON -n6, move, nor, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6'fl ; — pound y—tkm, THis. CONFORMATION, kon-for-mu'-sh&n. n.s. The form of tilings as relating to each other. Holder. Producing" suitableness, or conformity. Walts. CONFO'RMER*, k&n-fdrm'-ur. n. s. One that con- forms to an established doctrine. Mountagu. CONFORMIST, kon-fdr'-mlst. n. s. One that com- plies with the worship of the church of England Scott. One who submits or yields. CONFO'RMITY, kdn-fiV-me-te. n. s. Similitude ; resemblance. Hooker. Consistency. Arbuthnot. CONFORTA'TION, kon-for-ta'-shun. n. s. [conforto, low Lat.] Collation of strength; corroboration. Bacon. To CONFO'UND y , k&n-f 6&nd'. v.a. [con/undo, Lat.] To mingle things so that their several forms can- not be discerned. Gen. To perplex ; to compare without due distinction. Boyle. To disturb the ap- prehension by indistinct words or notions. Locke. To throw into consternation; to astonish; to stupify. Millo7i. To destroy ; to overthrow. Slmkspeare. CONFOUNDED, kdn-fofin'-ded. part. a. Hateful ; detestable ; enormous : a cant word. Grew. CONFO'UNDEDLY, k6n-foun'-ded-le. ad. Hate- fullv; shamefully : a low word. Addison. CONFO'UNDEDNESS* kdn-f&un'-ded-nes. n. s. Stale of being confounded. Milton. CONFO'UNDER, k&n-fo&n'-dur. n. s. He who dis- turbs, perplexes, terrifies, or destroys. B. Jonson. He who mentions things without due distinction. Dean Martin. CONFRATERNITY, kon-fra-ter'-ne-te. n. s. [cm and fraternitas, Lat.] A brotherhood ; a body of men united for some purpose. Stillingficet. CONFRFER*, kdn-frl'-fir. n. s. [confrere, Fr.] One of the same religious order. Weever. CONFRICA'TION, kon-fre-ka'-shun. n. s. [con and frico, Lat.] The act of rubbing against any thing. Bacon,. To CONFRONT §, kon-front'. v. a. [conf router, Fr.] To stand against another in full view ; to face. Drijden. To stand face to face, in opposition. Hooker. To oppose one evidence to another in court. Sidney. To compare one thing with anoth- er. Addison. $£?* In colloquial pronunciation this word has its last syllable sounded like the last of affront, but the second syllable of confrontation ought never to be so pronoun- ced. W. CONFRONTATION, k6n-fr6n-ta'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act of bringing two evidences face to face. Swin. To CONFU'SE §, k&n-fiW. v.a. [cvnfusus, Lat.] To disorder ; to disperse irregularly. Milton. To mix, net separate. Milton. To perplex, not distinguish. Watts. To hurry the mind. Pope. CONFU'SE*, kon-fuse'. a. Mixed ; confounded. Bar- CONFU'SEDLY, k&n-fu'-zed-le. 364. a. In a mixed mass. Raleigh. Indistinctly. Denliam. Not clear- ly ; not plainly. Clarendon. Tumultously ; hasti- ly ; not deliberately. Drijden. CONFU'SEDNESS, kon-fu'-zSd-nes. 365. n. s. Want of distinctness. Carew. CONFU'SEL Y*, kon-fuse'-le. ad. Obscurely. Barret. CONFU'SION, kon-fiV-zhfin. n. s. Irregular mix- ture. Davies. Tumult; disorder. Hooker. Indis- tinct combination. Locke. Overthrow ; destruction. SJiak. Astonishment; distraction of mind. Spectator. CONFUTABLE, kon-ftV-ta-bl. a. Possible to be disproved. Brown. CO'NFUTANT*, kon'-fii-tant. n. s. One who un- dertakes to confute another. Milton. CONFUTATION, kon-fu-ta'-shun. n.s. The act of confuting; disproof. Hudibras. To CONFU'TE §, kon-fute'. v. a. [confuto, Lat.] To convict of errour, or falsehood ; to disprove. Hudibr. CONFU'TEMENT*, k&n-fute'-ment. n.s. Disproof. Milton. CONFU'TER*, kon-fiV-t&r. n. s. One who convicts another of mistake. Bp. Morton. CO'NGE §, [or CONGEEf,] kon-jee'. n. s. [conge 1 \ Fr. Our word is often written congie.~\ Act of rever- ence ; bow ; courtesy. Burton. Leave ; farewell. Spenser. To CO'NGE, [or CONGEEL] kon-jee 7 ., v. n. To taka leave. Sliakspeare. CO'NGE D'ELIRE, k6n-je-de-leer'. [Fr.] The king's permission royal to a dean and chapter, to choose a bishop. Cowel. CO'NGE, kon'-je. n. s. A moulding in form of a quarter round, or a cavetto. Chambers. To CONGEAL*, kon-jeel'. v.a. [congelo, Lat.] To turn, by frost, from a fluid to a solid state. Spenser. To bind or fix, as by cold. Sliakspeare. To CONGE'AL, kon-jeeK. v. n. To concrete ; to gather into a mass by cold. Bacon. CONGE'ALMENT, k&n-jeel'-ment. n. s. The clot formed by congelation. Sliakspeare. CONGE'LABLE, [or CONGEALABLEf,] k6n- jeel'-ii-bl. a. Susceptible of congelation. Bacon. CONGELATION, kon-je-la'-sh&n. n.s. Act of turn- ing fluids to solids, by cold. Arbuthnot. State of being congealed. Broicn. CONGEMIN ATION*. k6n-jem-^-na / -shun.n.s. [old Fr.] A doubling, or often repeating. Cotgrave. CO'NGENER, kon'-je-nur. 98. n.s. [Lat.] Of the same kind or nature. Miller. CONGE'NERACY*, kon-jen'-er-ra-se. n.s. Similar- ity of origin. More. CONGE'NEROUS, kon-jen'-er-rus. a. Of the same kind. Brown. CONGE'NEROUSNESS, kSn^en'-er-rus-nes. n. a The quality of being from the same original. Diet CONGE'NIALy, kon-je'-ne-al. a. [con and genus Lat.] Partaking of the same genius ; kindred ; cog nate. Wotton. CONGENIALITY, kdn-jc-ne-al'-e-te. n.s. Partici- pation of the same genius or nature. Wotton. CONGE'NIALNESS, kon-je'-ne-al-nes. n. s. Cog- nation. CONGE'NIOUS* kon-je'-ne-us. a. Of the same kind. Hales. Ob. T. CONGE'NITE, kon-jen'-nn. 140, 154. a. Of the same birth ; born with another ; connate. Hale. CO'NGER, k&ng'-gur. 409. ».*. [congrus, Lat.] The sea-eel. Walton. CONGERIES, kon-je'-re-ez. n. s. [Lat.] A mass of small bodies heaped up together. Peacfuim. To CONGE'ST y, kon-jest'. v. a. [congero, conges- tum, Lat.] To heap up ; to gather together. Ra- CONGE'STIBLE, kon-jest'-e-bl. a. That may be heaped up. Diet. CONGE'STION, kon-jest'-yun. 464. n. s. A collec- tion of matter, as in abscesses and tumours. Wise- man. A gathering together ; formation of a mass, Selden. CO'NGIARY, kon'-je-a-re. n.s. [cemgiarium, Latf A gift distributed to the Roman people or soldiery, originally in corn, afterward in money. Addison. To CONGLACIATE §, kon-gla'-she-ate. 461. v. n. [congluciaius, Lat.] To turn to ice. Brown. CONGLACIATION, kon-gla-she-a' -shun. 408. n. s. The stale of being changed into ice. Brmcn. T^CO'NGLOBATEv.kon-gl^-bate. v.a. [cmglo- batus, Lat.] To gather into a hard, firm ball. Grew. CO'NCLOBATE^kon-gkV-bute. 91. a. Moulded into a firm ball. Dryden. CONGLOBATELY, kon-glo'-bate-le. ad. In a spherical form. Diet. CONGLOBATION, kSn-glo-ba'-shun. 408. n.s. Collection into a round mass. Brown. To CONGLO BE, kon-globe'. v. a. To gather into a round mass. Milton. To CONGLO'BE, k&n-gl6be'. v. n. To coalesce into a round mass. Milton. To CONGLO'BULATE*, kon-glob'-u-late. v.n. To gather together into a little round mass. Johnson. To CONGLOMERATE v, k6n-gl(W-er-ate. 91. v.a. [conghmero, Lat.J To gather into a ball, like a ball of thread; to inweave into a round mass. Grew. CONGLOMERATE, k6n-gl6m'-er-ate. 91. a. Gath- ered into a round ball. Cfieyne. Collected ; twist ed together. Bacon. CONGLOMERATION, k6n-gl&m-er-a'-shun. n.s. CON CON 03 s 559.— .Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mh ;— pine, p?n ;— Collection into a loose ball, Intertexture ; mixture. Bacotu To CONGLUTLNATE $, k6n-glu'-te-nate. v. a. [conglutino, Lat.] To cement ; to reunite. Pearson. To CGNGLUTINATE, kon-glu'-te-nate. v.n. To coalesce. CONGLUTINATE*, k6n-glu/ te-nate. a. Joined together. Sir T. Elyot. CONGLUTINATION, kon-glu-te-na'-sh&n. n. s. The act of uniting wounded bodies; reunion; healing. Bacon. Simpry, junction; union. Bacon. CONGLUTlNATFvE, k6n-g!uAte-na-uV. 91. a. Having the power of uniting wounds. CONGLUTINATOR, k6n-gW-te-na-tar. 520, 166. n. s. That which has the power of uniting wounds. Woodward. CONGRATULANT, k6n-gratsh'-u-lant. 461. a. Rejoicing' in participation. Milton. To CONGRATULATE §, k6n-gratsh'-u-late. 461. v. a, [graiulor, Lat.] To compliment upon any happy event. 1 Chron. To CONGRATULATE, k&n-gratsh'-u-late. 461. v. n. To rejoice in participation. Swift. CONGRATULATION, k6n-gratsh-u-la'-shun. 462. n, s. Professing Joy for the happiness or success of another. Bp. Hall. The form in which joy for the happiness of another is expressed. CONGRATULATOR*, k6n-gratsh'-u-la-t&r. n.s. He who offers congratulation.^ Milton. CONGRATULATORY, kon-gratsh'-u-la-tur-e. 512. a. Expressing joy for the good fortune of an- other. Howell. To CONGRE'E, k6n-gree'. v.n. [gre, Fr.] To agree ; to accord. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To CONGREET, k&n-greet'. v. n. To salute re- ciprocally. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To CONGREGATE §, kong'-gre-gate. 408. v. a. [congrego, Lat.] To collect together; to assemble. Hooker. To CONGREGATE, kong'-gre-gate. v.n. To as- semble ; to meet. Shakspeare. CONGREGATE, kong'-gre-gate. 91. a. Collected; compact. Spenser. CONGREGATION, kong-gre-ga'-shfin. 408. n.s.l The act of collecting. Bacon. A collection. SJiak. An assembly met to worship God in publick, and hear doctrine. Hooker. A distinct academical as- sembly, by which particular business of the uni- versity is transacted. Le Neve. CONGREGATIONAL, kong-gre-ga'-shun-nul. 88. a. Pertaining to a congregation or assembly of such Christians as hold every congregation to be a separate and independent church. AJbp. Sancroft. Publick; general; respecting the congregation. Warton. CONGRESS §, k&ng'-gres. 408. n. s. [congressus, Lat.] A meeting; a shock; a conflict. Dry den. A meeting of ceremony; an introduction to others. Sir K. Digby. A meeting for settlement of affairs between different nations. A coming together, in a sexual meaning. Pennant. CONGRE'SSION*, kon-greW-5n. n.s. Company; an assembly, or meeting together. Cotgrave. CONGRE'SSIVE, kon-greV-siv. a. Meeting; en- countering ; coming together. Brown. IToCONGRUE §, kon-gru'. v.n. [congruo, Lat.] To agree ; to suit. Shakspeare. Ob. J. CONGRUENCE, k&ng'-gru-e'nse. 408. n. s. Agree- ment ; consistency. Sir T. Elyot. CONGRUENCY* k&ng'-gru-Sn-se. n. s. Agree- ment. More. CONGRUENT, k6ng/-gru-ent. a. Agreeing; cor- respondent. Sir J. Varies. CONGRUMENT, k6ng'-gru-ment. n.s. Fitness; adaptation. Ob. J. CONGRU'ITY, k&n-gnV-e-te. 408. n. s. Suitable- ness; agreeableness. Glanville. Fitness; perti- nence. Sidney. Consequence of argument ; reason. Hooker. [In theology.] A merit of congruity is ascribed to such works as a man does by the mere strength of free-will. CONGRUOUS, k&ng'-gra-fis. a. Agreeable to; consistent with. Mountagu. Suitable to. Smith. Rational; fit. Gregory. CONGRUOUSLY, k6ng'-gru-us-le. ad. Suitably; consistently. Bp. Barlow. CONICAL, k6n ; -e-kal. > 509. a. Having the form CONICK, k6n'-!k. \ of a cone. Prior. #Cf* The o in the first syllable of this word is pronounced short, though it is long in its primitive, cone, if we may be allowed to call cone its primitive, and not the Latin conus and Greek kwvos \ in both which the o is long: but conus, or kovikos, whence the learned oblige us to derive our conick or conical, have the o as short as in the English words, and serve to corroborate the opinion of Bishop Hare with respect to the shortening powei of the Latin antepenultimate accent. 537. W. CONIC ALLY, k&n'-e-kal-le. ad. In form of a cone. Boijle. CONlCALNESS, kon'-e-kal-ngs. n. s. The state or quality of being conical. CONICK Sections, kon'-lk-sSk'-sh&nz. ) n. s. That CON1CXS, kon'-iks. $ part of ge ometry which considers the cone, and the curves arising from its sections. Bp. Berkeley. CONFFEROUS, ki-nif -e-rfis. a. Such trees as bear a fruit of a figure approaching to a cone. Sir T. Broim. CONISOR. See Cogkisor. To CONJE'CT$, kon-jeltt'. v.n. [conjecium, Lat.] To guess; to conjecture. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To CONJE'CT*, konjekt'. v. a. To cast together ; to throw. Mountagu. CONJE'CTOR, kon-jek'-tur. 166. n.s. Aguesser; a conjecturer. Milton. CONJE'CTURABLE, kon-jeV-tshu-ra-bl. 461. a. Possible to be guessed. CONJECTURAL, kon-jeV-tshu-ral. a. Depending on conjecture. Shakspeare. CONJECTURA'LITY, kon-jek-tshiVral'-e-te. n. s. That which depends upon guess. Broun. CONJE'CTURALLY, kon-jeV-tshu-ral-le. ad. By guess. Hooker. CONJECTURE §, kon-jeV-tshure. 461. n.s. [con- jectura,\jz\.'] Guess; imperfect knowledge ; opin- ion without proof. South. Idea ; notion. Shak. To CONJECTURE, k6n-jek / -tshure. v. a. To judge bv guess. South. CONJE'CTURER, kon-jeV-tshur-&r. n. s. A guess- er; one who forms opinion without proof. Brown. To CONJO'BBLE, kon-job'-bl. r. a. [con and job- bo-nol.] To concert; to settle. A cant word. L'Estrange. To CONJOaN §, kmi-join'. n. a. [conjoindre, Fr.] To unite. Drayton. To unite in marriage. SlwJc. To associate; to connect. Brown. To CONJOIN, k&n-jdln'. v. n. To league; to unite. Shakspeare. CONJOINT, k6n-j3int'. a United. CONJOTNTLY, kon-jot-at'-le. ad. In union; togeth- er. Broivn. CONJUGAL §, kon'-ju-gal. a. Matrimonial. Dryden. CONJUGALLY, kon'-ju-gal-le. ad. Matrimonially. Bp. Hall. To CONJUGATE, kon'-ja-gate. 91. v. a. [conjugo, Lat.J To join; to join in marriage. Wotton. To decline verbs through their various terminations. White. CONJUGATE, k&n'-ju-gate. n. s. Agreeing in de- rivation with another word, and therefore general- ly resembling in signification. Bp. Bramhall. CONJUGATE Diameter or Axis. A right line, bi- secting the transverse diameter. Chambers. CONJUGATION, kon-ja-ga'-shun. n. s. A couple; a pair. Brown. The act of uniting things togetn- er. Bacon. The form of inflecting verbs. Locke. Union; assemblage. Bp. Taylor. CONJUNCT §, kon-junkt'.a. [confunctus, Lat.] Con- joined ; concurrent; united. Shakspeare. CONJUNCTION, k&n-j&inV-shun. n.s. Union. S'tuvc. The congress of two planets in the same degree of the zodiack. Raleigh. A word made use of to connect the clauses of a period together, and to sienify their relation to one another. Clarke. 5 ' 224 CON CON -no, move, n6r, not 5— tube, tub, bull ;— 611 ;— pound ;— thm, this. CONJUNCTIVE, kon-junk'-tfv. a. Closely united. Tliomson. [In grammar.] The mood of a verb, used subsequently to a conjunction. Connecting together, as a conjunction." Harris. United} not apart. Juhnson. CONJUNCTIVELY, k6n-junk'-uV-le. ad. In union. Brown. CONJUNCTIVENESS, kon-jfink'-tfv-ne's. n.s. The quality of joining. CONJUNCTLY, kon-j&nkt'-le. ad. Jointly. CONJUNCTURE, kon-junk'-tshure. «,*. Combina- tion of many circumstances, or causes. K. Charles. Occasion ; critical time. Clarendon. Mode of union. Holder. Consistenc}'. K. Cluxrles. CONJURATION, k&n-ji-ra'-sh&n. n. s. Summoning another in some sacred name. Sluik. A magical form of words ; an incantation. Sidney. A plot ; a conspiracy. Sir W. Ashton. Earnest entreaty. Hey wood. To CONJU'RES, kon-jure'. v. a. [conjuro, Lat.] To summon in a sacred name ; to enjoin with the highest solemnity. Shak. To bind many by an oath to some common design. Milton. To influence by magick ; to charm. Sliakspeare. To CONJURE, kun'-jur. 495. v. n. To enchant. Sliakspeare. To enter into conspiracy. Spenser. CON JURER, kun'-jfir-ur. 165. n.s. An enchanter. Shak. An impostor who pretends to secret arts. Prior. By way of irony : a man of shrewd con- jecture. Addison. CONJU'REMENT, kon-jure'-ment. n.s. Serious injunction. Milton. CONNASCENCE §, k6n-nas'-sense. n.s. [con and nascor, Lat.] Common birth. Being produced to- gether with another being. Brown. Uniting or growing together. Wiseman. CONNA'TE, kon-nate'. 91. a. [con and natus, Lat.] Born with another; of the same birth. South. CONNATURAL §, k&n-natsh'-u-ral. 461. a. United with the being; connected by nature. Davies. Participant of the same nature. Milton. CONNATURA'LPTY, kon-naish-u-ral'-e-te. 462., n. s. Participation of the same nature. Hale. 7 T oCONNA'TURALIZE*,k&n-natsh / -i-raUze.«.o. To connect bv nature; to make natural. Scott. CONNATURALLY, kon-natsh'-u-ral-le. ad. In co- existence with nature; originally. Hale. CONNATURALNESS, kon-natsh'-u-ral-nSs. n. s. Participation of the same nature. Pearson. To CONNECT §, k6n-ne ! kt / . v.a. [connecto, Lat. ] To jo ; n _; to link. Boyle. To unite as a cement. Locke. To join in a just series of thought : as, the author connects his reasons well. To CONNE'CT. k6n-nekt / . v. n. To cohere. CONNECTIVE* kdn-n6k'-tlv.a. Having the power of connecting. Harris. CONNECTIVE*, k6n-n£k'-tfv. n. s. A conjunction. Harris. CONNE'CTIVELY, k6n-neV-tfv-le. ad. In con- junction. Siviji. ToCONNENJ, k&n-ngks'. v.a. [connexum, Lat.] To join or link together. Hale. CONNF/XION, k&n-neV-shuD. n. s. Union ; junc- tion. Milton. Just relation to some thing prece- dent or subsequent. Hale. CONNE'XIVE, kon-neks'-iv. a. Conjunctive. Watts. CONNICTATION, kon-nlk-la'-shun. n. s. [connic- to, Lat.] A winking. Diet. CONNFVANCE, kon-nl'-vanse. n. s. The act of winking. Voluntary blindness; pretended igno- rance; forbearance. Bacon. To CONNIVE $,kon-nlve'. v.n. [conniveo, Lat.] To wink. Spectator. To pretend blindness or igno- rance : to forbear ; to pass uncensured. Beaumont and Fletcher. CONNFVENCY* kon-nl'-ven-se. n.s. Pretended ignorance; forbearance. Bacon. CONNFVENT*, kon-nl'-vent. a. Dormant ; not at- tentive. Milton. CONNFVER* kon-nl'-vur. n. s. One who pretends blindness; who passes wickedness uncensured. Junius*, CONNOISSE'UR, k6-n£s-sare'. [kon-nls-siW Perry and Jones :' kon-nfs-soor', Sheridan.] n. s. [Fr.] A judge; a critick. Swift. 35= This word is perfectly French, and, though in very general use, is not naturalized. The pronunciation of it given here is but a very awkward one ; but, perhaps, as good a one as we have letters in our language to ex- press it ; for the French eu is not to be found among any of our English vowel or diphthongal sounds. W. CONNOISSE'URSHIP*, k6-nes-sare'-shlp. n. s. The skill of a connoisseur. To CONNOTATE §, kon'-n6-tate. v.a. [con and nota, Lat.] To designate something besides itself; to imply. Hammond. CONNOTATION, k&n-n6-ta'-shfin. n. s. Inference ; illation. Hale. To CONNO'TE, k6n-n6te'. v.a. To imply; to be- token. South. CONNU'BIAL, kon-nu'-be-al. a. Matrimonial. Pope. CONNUMERATION*, k&n-nu-mgr-a'-sh&u. n. s. A reckoning together. Porson. CONNY* koV-ne. a. Brave ; fine. Grose. CONOID §, k6'-n6id. n.s. [KwoiiSm.] Approach- ing to the form of a cone. Holder. CONOFDICAL, ko-ndJ'-de-kal. a. Approaching to a conick form. To CONQUASSATE §, kon-kwas'-sate. v. a. [con quasso, Lat.] To shake; to agitate. Harvey. Oh. J. CONQUASSATION, kong-kwas-sa'-shun. 408 n. s. Agitation ; concussion. To CONQUER $,kongk'-ur, or k&ng'-kwfir. 415. v. a. [conquirere, Lat.] To gain by conquest. 1 Mace. To overcome ; to subdue. Shakspeare. $5= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares ; and W. Johnston, have adopted the first pronunciation of this word ; but, as it i3 a wanton departure from our own analogy to that of the French, and is a much harsher sound than the second, it were to be wished it could be reclaimed ; but, as it is in full possession of the stage, there is but little hope of a change. W. To CONQUER, kongk'-ur. v. n. To overcome. Shakspeare. CONQUERABLE, k6ngk / -ur-a-bl. a. Possible to be overcome. CONQUER ABLENESS*, k6ngk'-ur-a-bl-nes. n.s. Possibility of being overcome. CONQUERESS*, kongk'-ur-es. n.s. She who con- quers. Fairfax. CONQUEROR, k&ngk'-ur-fir. 415.n.s..A man that has obtained a victory. Sluik. One that subdues and ruins countries. Milton. CONQUEST, k&ng'-kwest. 408, 415. n. s. [con- cpej*fc, Sax.] The act of conquering. Davies. Ac- quisition by victory. Milton. Victory; success in arms. Shak. [In feodal law.] Purchase. Blackstone. CONSANGUINEOUS §, kdn-sang-gwln'-ne-us. a. [consanguinens. Lat.] Near of kin ; of the same blood. Shakspeare. CONSANGUINITY, k6n-sang-gwin'-e-te. n.s. Re- lation bv blood. Shakspeare. CONSARCFNATION, kon-sar-se-na'-shun. n.s. [consarcino, Lat.] The act of patching together. Dictionary. CONSCIENCE §, kbni-sX&nse.Sbl. n. s. [conscienha, Lat.] The faculty by which we judge of the good- ness or wickedness of ourselves. Justice; the es- timate of conscience. 1 Pet. ii. Consciousness; knowledge of our own thoughts or actions. Bacon Real sentiment ; veracity. Shakspeare. Scruple , principle of action. Bp. Taylor. Reason ; reason- ableness. Shakspeare. Knowledge of the actions of others. B. Jonson. CONSCIENCED*, k6n'-shenst. a. Having con- science. South. CONSCIENT*,kon'-shent. a. Conscious. Bacon. CONSCIENTIOUS, kon-she-en'-shus. a. Scrupu- lous; regulated by conscience. L' Estrange. Con- scious. Wlvitlock. {£5= From an ignorance of the principles of pronunciation, we not unfrequently hear the second syllable of this word sounded se, without the aspiration ; but this is the same incorrectness we sometimes hear in the word pronunciation, which see. W. 225 CON CON IE? 559.- -Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, p?n ;— CONSCIENTIOUSLY, k&n-shken'-s&Me. ad. According to the direction of conscience. South. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS, k6n-she-en'-shus-nes. n. s. Tenderness of conscience. Locke. CONSCIONABLE, k&n'-shun-a-bl. a. Reasonable; according to conscience. Sliakspeare. CONSCIONABLENESS, k6r/-shun-a-bl-nes. n.s. Equity; reasonableness. Dictionanj. CONSCIONABLY, kdn'-shun-a-ble. ad. Reasona- bly; justly. Bp. Taylor. CO'NSCIOUS, kon'-shus. 357. a. [conscius, Lat.] Endowed with the power of knowing- one's own thoughts and actions. Bentley. Knowing from memory. Dryden. Admitted to the knowledge of any thing. Dryden. Bearing witness by the dic- tate of conscience. Clarendon. CONSCIOUSLY, kon'-shfis-le.arf. With knowledge of one's own actions. Locke. CONSCIOUSNESS, kdn'-shfis-nes. n. s. The per- ception of what passes in a man's own mind. Locke. Interna! sense of guilt or innocence. Locke. CONSCRIPT §, k6n / -skr?pt. a. [conscribo, Lat.] A term used in speaking of the Roman senators, who were called patres conscripti, from their names be- ing written in the register of the senate. B. Jonson. CO'NSCRIPT*, kon'-skrfpt. n.s. One enrolled to serve in the army; more particularly applied to the recruits of the' French armies. CONSCRFPTION, k6n-skrfp'-slmn. n. s. An enrol- ling or registering. To CONSECRATED, kon'-se-krate. v.a. [consecro, Lat.] To make sacred ; to appropriate to sacred uses. Hebrews. To dedicate to some particular purpose. Numbers. To canonize. CONSECRATE, kon'-se-krate. 91. a. Consecrated; sacred; devoted. Sliakspeare. CONSECRATION, k6n-se-kra'-shun. n. s. A rite of dedicating things or persons to the service of God. Aylifte. Declaring one holy by canoniza- tion. Hale. CONSECRATQR, or CONSECRATER, kon'-se- kra-tur. n. s. One that performs the rites of conse- cration. CONSECRATORY*, kSn'-se-kra-tftr-re. a. Making sacred. Bp. Morton. CONSECTARY§, k&n'-sek-ta-re. a. [consectarius, Lat.] Consequent; following by consequence. Brown. , CONSECTARY, kon'-sek-ta-re. 512. n. s. Deduc- tion from premises. Hales. CONSECU'TION, kon-se-kiV-shun. n.s. [consccu- lio, Lat.] Train of consequences; Ojain of deduc- tions. Hale. Succession. [In astronomy.] The month of consecution is the space between one con- junction of the moon with the sun unto another. Brown. CONSECUTIVE §, k&n-sgk'-ku-tfv. a. [consecutif, Fr.] Following in train. Arbuthnot. Consequen- tial ; regularly succeeding. Locke. CONSECUTIVELY, k6n-sek / -u-t?v-le. ad. A term used in the school philosophy, in opposition to an- tecedently, and sometimes to effectively or caus- ally. Diet. To CONSE'MINATE, kon-sem'-e-nate. v. a. [con- semino, Lat.] To sow different seeds together. Diet. CONSENSION, k&n-sen'-shun. n. s. Agreement. Bentley. CONSENT §, kon-sent'. n s. [consensus, Lat.] The act of yielding or consenting. Dryden. Concord ; agreement. Cowley. Coherence with. Milton. Joint operation. Pope. [In physick.] The perception one part has of another, by means of some fibres and nerves common to them both. Quincy. To CONSENT, kon-sent'. v. n. To be of the same mind. Milton. To co-operate to the same end. To yield ; to give consent. Sliakspeare. CONSENTANEOUS, kon-s§n-ta/-ne-us. a. Agree- able to ; consistent with. Brown. CONSENTANEOUSLY, k6n-sen-ta'-ne-fts-le, ad. Agreeably; consistently. Boyle. CONSENTANEOUSNESS,k&n-sen-ta'-ne-fis-nSs. n. s. Agreement ; consistence. Diet. CONSE'NTER*, kon-sent'-fir n.s. He that con senteth. Hale. CONSENTIENT, k6n-sen'-she-ent. a. Agreeing. Pearson. CONSEQUENCE §, kon'-se-kwense. n.s. [conse- quentia, Lat.] That which follows from any cause. Event; effect of a cause. Sliakspeare. Deduction; conclusion. Decay of Piety. The last proposition of a syllogism. Prior. Concatenation of causos and effects. South. Influence; tendency. Ham- mond. Importance; moment. Sliakspeare. CONSEQUENT, k&n'-se-kwent. a. Following by rational deduction. Following as the effect of i cause. Locke. CONSEQUENT, k6n'-se-kwent. n. s. Consequence. Hooker. Effect. Davies. CONSEQUENTIAL, kon-se-kwen'-shal. a. Pro- duced by the necessary concatenation of effects to causes. Prior. Conclusive. Great, conceited, fr pompous. Pegge. CONSEQUENTIALLY, k&n-se-kwen'-shal-le. ad. With just deduction of consequences. Addison. By consequence; eventually. South. In a regu- lar series. Addison. CONSEQUENTIALNESS, k6n-se-kwen'-shal- n£s. 7?.. s. Regular consecution of discourse. Diet. CONSEQUENTLY, kftrAse-kwent-le. ad. By con- sequence ; necessarily. Dryden. In consequence ; pursuantly. South. CONSEQUENTNESS, k&n'-se-kwent-nes. n. s. Regular connexion of propositions. Digby. CONSE'RTION*, kon-sey-shfin. n. s. [coiisero, con- sertum, Lat.] Junction ; adaptation. Young. CONSE'RVABLE, kon-ser'-va-bl. a. Capable of being kept. CONSE'RVANCY, k6n-ser'-van-se. n. s. Courts held by the lord mayor of London for the preser- vation of the fishery on the river Thames, are called courts of conservancy. CONSE'RVANT*, kon-ser'-vant. a. That which pre serves or continues. Puller. CONSERVATION, kon-ser-va'-shun. n. s. The act of preserving. Woodward. Preservation from corruption. Bacon. CONSERVATIVE, k&n-sC0NSFGN§, kon-slne'. 385. v. a. [consigno, Lat.] To give to another in a formal manner; to transfer. South. To appropriate. Dryden. To commit ; to intrust. Addison. To CONSIGN, kon-slne'. v. n. To submit to the same terms with another. Shak. To sign ; to con- sent to. Shakspeare. CONSIGNATION, k6n-sig-na'-shun. n. s. The act of consigning. Ld. Herbert. The act of sig-ning-. Bp. T^lor? & 8 CONSFGNATURE*. k&n-sig'-na-tshure. n. s. A full stamping, or absolute signature of. Cotgrave. CONSIGNIFIC ATION*, kon-s?g-n6-fe-ka* shun . n.s. Similar signification; act of signifying one thing with another. Harris. CONSIGNMENT, kSn-slne'-ment. n. s. The act of consigning. Taller. The writing by which any thing is consigned. CONSFMILAR, kon-sim'-e-lur. 88. a. [consimilis, Lat.] Having one common resemblance. Did. CONSIMFLFTUDE*, kon-se-mll'-e-tude.n. s. Like- ness. Cotgrare. CONSIMFLITY*, k&n-se-mll'-e-te. n. s. Resem- blance. Aubrey. To CONSIST §, k6n-s?st / . w, n. [consisto, Lat.] To subsist; not to perish. Col. i. To be comprised. Dryden. To be composed. Burnet. To have being concurrently. Bp. Bramhall. To agree; not to oppose ; not to contradict. Clarendon. CONSISTENCE, k6n-s!s'-tense. ) n. s. State with CONSISTENCY, k6n-sV-ten-se. $ respect to ma- terial existence. Bacon. Degree of denseness or rarity. Arbuthnot. Substance ; form ; make. South. Durable or lasting state. Hammond. Congruity; uniformity. Addison. A state in which things con- tinue for some time at a stand. Chambers. CONSISTENT, kon-sV-tent. a. Not contradictory. South. Firm; not fluid. Harvey. CONSISTENTLY, kon-sV-tent-le. ad. Without contradiction; agreeablv. Broome. CONSISTO'RIAL, k6n-s?s-t6'-re-al. a. Relating to the ecclesiastical court. Ayliffe. CONSISTO RIAN*, kon-sfs-t^-re-an. a. Relating to an order of Presbyterian assemblies. Bp. Ban- croft. CONSISTORY §, k6n'-sfs-tur-e. 512. n. s. [consisto- rium, Lat.] The place of justice in the court Chris- tian. Hooker. The assembly of cardinals. Shak. Any solemn assembly. Milton. Place of residence. Sliakspmre. CONSO'CIATE, k6n-s6'-she-ale. n. s. An accom- plice. Hayward. To CONSO'CIATE §, kon-sd'-she-ate. v. a. [conso- cio, Lat.] To unite ; to join. Sir T. Herbert. To cement ; to hold together. Burnet. To CONSO'CIATE, kon-so'-she-ate. v. n. To co- alesce ; to unite. Bentley. CONSOCIATION, kon-sd-she-a'-shfin. [See Pro- nunciation/] n. s. Alliance. B. Jonson. Union; intimacy. Wotton. CONSO'LABLE, kon-s6Ma-bl. a. That which ad mits comfort. To CONSOLATE, k6n'-s6-late. 91. v. a. To com- fort ; to console. Shakspeare. CONSOLATION, kon-sb-la'-shun, n. s. Comfort ; alleviation of misery. Bacon. CONSOLATOR, kon'-sd-la-tur. 521. n. s. A com- forter. Cotgrave. CONSOLATORY, kon-solMa-tur-e. 512. n.s. A speech or writing containing topicks of comfort. Milton. $3= I have given the o in the second syllable of this word the short sound, as heard in solid ; as it seems raore agreeable to the analogy of words in this termination than the long o which Mr. Sheridan has given : for, by inspecting the Rhyming Dictionary, we shall see, that every vowel, but u in the preantepenultimate syllable in these words, is short. Dr. Kenrick and W. Johnston give the o the same sound as I have done. W. CONSOLATORY, k&n-sol'-Ja-tur-e. a. Tending to give comfort. Howell. To CONSOLE §, k6n-s6le'. v. a. [consoler, Lat.] To comfort ; to cheer. Pope. CONSO'LE, kon'-sole. 492. n. s. [Ft.] [In archi- tecture.] A part or member projecting in man- ner of a bracket. Chambers. CONSOLER, kon-soMfir. 98. n. s. One that gives comfort. Comment, on Pope's Essay on Man. CONSOLIDANT, kon-soF-e-dant. a. That which has the qualitv of uniting wounds. To CONSOLIDATE ^k&n-sol'-e-date. v. a. [con- solider, Fr.] To form into a compact and solid body ; to harden ; to unite into a solid mass. Bur- net. To CONSOLIDATE, k6n-s6l'-e-date. v. n. To grow firm, hard, or solid. Bacon. CONSOLIDATE*, kon-sol'-e-date. a. Formed into a compact bodv. Sir T Elyot. CONSOLIDATION, k6n-sol-e-da'-shun. n.s. Unit- ing into a solid mass. Woodward. Confirming a tiling. Ld. Herbert. The annexingof one bill in parliament to another. Aislabie. The combining and uniting of two benefices in one. Cowel. CONSOLIDATDTE, kdn-sol'-e-da-tlv. a. That which has the quality of healing wounds. Diet. CONSONANCE, k6n / -s6-nanse. )n.s. Accord of CONSONANCY, kon'-si-nan-se. $ sound. Thom- son. Consistency; congruence. Hale. Agree- ment; concord. Shakspeare. CONSONANTS, k6n'-s6-nant. 503. a. [consonans, Lat.] Agreeable; according; consistent. Hooker Agreeing. Howell. CONSONANT, kon'-so-nant. n. s. A letter which cannot be sounded, or but imperfectly, by itself. Holder. CONSONANTLY, kon'-sd-nant-le. ad. Consistent- ly ; agreeably. Hooker. CONSON ANTNESS, kon'-s6-nant-nes. n. s. Agree- ableness; consistency. Diet. CONSONOUS, kon'-s6-nus. 503. a. [consonus, Lat.] Agreeing in sound ; symphonious. To CONSO'PIATE*, k&n-s^-pe-ate. v. a. To lull asleep. Cockeram. CONSOPIATION, k6n-s6-pe-a / -shun. n. s. The act of laying to sleep. Pope. To CONSOP1TE §*, k6n'-s6-plte. 155. v. a. [con- sopio, LatJ To compose ; to lull asleep. More. CONSOPITE*, k6n / -s6-plte. a. Calmed; quieted More. CONSORTS, kon'-sort. 492. n.s. [consors, Lat.] Companion; partner; generally a partner of the bed; a wife or husband. Milton. An assembly. 227 CON CON Q3= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin Spenser. A number of instruments playing to- gether. Ecclus. xxx ; i. Concurrence ; union. Atter- bury. To CONSO'RT, kon-s&rf. v. n. To associate with. Shakspeare. To CONSO'RT, kon-sort'. v. a. To join; to mix; to marry. Milton. To accompanv. Shakspeare. CONSO'RTABLE, kon-sdrMa-bl/ a. To be com- pared with ; suitable. Wntton. CONSO'RTION, k6n-s6r'-shun. n. s. Fellowship; society. Brown. CQ'NSORTSHIP*, k6n'-s6rt-ship. n. s. Fellowship partnership. Bp. Hall. CONSPE'CTABLE, kon-spek'-ta-bl. a [conspectus Lat.] Easy to be seen. Diet. CONSPE'CTION*, kon-speV-shon n.s. A seeing; a beholding. Cotgraiv TUTTY Sight ; CONSPECTUTTY k6n-sp§k-uV-e-te. n view. Shakspeare. Ob. J. CONSPE'RSION, kon-speV-shun. n. s. [conspersio, Lat.] A sprinkling about. CONSPICUTTY, kdn-spe-ku'-e-te. n. s. Bright- ness. Glanville. CONSPICUOUS §, k&n-splk'-u-us. a. [conspicuus. Lat.] Obvious to the sight. Milton. Eminent; famous ; distinguished. Dryden. CONSPICUOUSLY, kon-spfk'-u-us-le. ad. Obvi- ously to the view. Watts. Eminentlv ; remarkably. CONSPICUOUSNESS, kon-spik'-i-us-nes. n. s. Exposure to the view. Boyle. Eminence ; celeb- rity. Boyle. CONSPIRACY, k6n-sp?r'-a-se. 109. n. s. A private agreement among several persons to commit some crime. Sliak. An agreement of men to do any thing ; always taken in the evil part. Cowel. A general tendency of many causes to one event. Sidney. CONSPPRANT, k&n-spi'-rant. a. Conspiring; plot- ting. Shakspeare. CONSPIRATION, kon-spe-ra'-shun. n. s. An agreement of many to one end. Decay of Piety. CONSPIRATOR, kon-spfr'-a-tur. 110. n. s. A man engaged in a plot. 2 Sam. ro CONSPIRE §, k&n-splre'. v. n. [conspiro, Lat.] To concert a crime ; to plot; to hatch secret trea- son. Shak. To agree together : as, All things con- spire to make him happy. Heigh. CONSPIRER, kon-spl'-rur. n. s. A conspirator. Shakspeare. CONSPIRING Powers. [In mechanicks.] All such as act in direction not opposite to one another. Harris. CONSPIRINGLY*, k&n-spl'-rmg-le. ad. In a man- ner criminally concerted. Milton. CONSPISSA'TION*, k&n-spfs-sa'-sh&n. n. s. [con- spissatus, Lat.] Thickness ; the act of thickening. More. To CONSPURCATE§*, k&u'-spur-kate. v.n. [con- spurco, Lat.] To defile. CONSPURCA'TION, kon-spfir-ka'-shun. n. s. De- filement ; pollution. Bp. Hall. CONSTABLES, kfin'-sta-bl. 165. n. s. [cymn$, Sax. and stable or staple.] Lord high constable is an ancient officer of the crown, who had the care of the common peace of the land in deeds of arms, and in matters of war. The office continued he- reditary till the thirteenth of Henry VIII., when it was laid aside. From these magistrates are de- rived the inferiour constables of hundreds and fran- chises ; now called high constables, because increase of people and offences have occasioned others, in every town, of inferiour authority, called petty constables. Cowel. CO NSTABLESHIP, kun'-sta-bl-shlp. n. s. The of- fice of a constable. Carew. CO NSTABLE WICK*. kun'-sta-bl-w?k. n. s. The district over which the authority of a constable ex- tends. Hale. CONSTANCY, kon'-stan-se. n. s. Immutability; perpetuity. Hooker. Consistency. Ray. Resolu- tion ; firmness. Prior. Lasting affection. South. Certainty; veracity; reality. Sliakspeare. CONSTANT §, k&n'-stant. a. [constant, Lat.] Firm; fixed. Boyle. Unvaried ; unchanged. Ccnvley. Re- solute ; determined. Shak. Consistent ; stead) ; grave. Shak. Free from change of affection. Certain ; firmly adherent. Dryden. CONSTANTLY, kcm'-stant-le. ad. Invariably; perpetually. Tillotson. Patiently; firmly. Mas singer. To CONSTELLATES, k&n-steM'-late. v. n. [con stellatus, Lat.] To join lustre. Boyle. To CONSTE'LLATE, kon-stel'-late. v. a. To unite several shining bodies in one splendour. Broum. CONSTELLATION, kon-stel-la'-shun. n. s. Aclus ter of fixed stars. Isaiah. An assemblage of splen dours, or excellencies. Hammond. CONSTERNATION, kon-ster-na'-sh&n. n. s. [con sterno, Lat.] Astonishment ; amazement ; surprise South. To CONSTIPATE §, k&n'-ste-pate. v. a. [constipo, Lat.] Toihicken; to condense. Bacon. To stop by filling up the passages. Arbuthnot. To make costive. Brown. CONSTIPATION, kon-ste-pa'-shun. n. s. Con- densation. Bacon. Stoppage. Arbuthnot. The state of having the body bound. CONSTITUENT, kon-stitsh'-u-ent. 461. a. That which makes any thing what it is ; necessary to existence ; that of which any thing consists. Dry- den. CONSTITUENT, kon-sdtsh'-u-ent. n. s. The per- son or thing which constitutes any thing in its pe- culiar state. Hale. That which is necessary u> the subsistence of any thing. A-buthnot. He tnat deputes another to any office, or to parliament. Burke. To CONSTITUTE $, kdn'-ste-tiite. v. a. [constituo, Lat.] To give formal existence ; to produce. De- cay of Piety. To erect; to establish. Bp. Taylor. To depute ; to appoint another to an office. CONSTITUTE*, kon'-ste-tute. n. s. An establish- ed law. CONSTLTUTER, kon'-ste-tu-tur. n. s. He thai constitutes or appoints. Sir T. Elyot. CONSTITUTION, kon-ste-tu'-shuh. n. s. The act of constituting ; enacting; deputing. State of be- ing. Bentley. Corporeal frame. Arbuthnot. Tem- per of body, as to health or disease. Temple. Tem- per of mind. Sidney. Established form of govern- ment ; system of laws and customs. Daniel. Par- ticular law ; established usage. Hooker. CONSTITUTIONAL, kon-ste-uY-shun-al. a. Bred in the constitution; radical. Sharp. Consistent with the civil constitution. Blackstone. CONSTITUTIONALIST*, kon-ste-uY-shun-al-?st. n. s. An adherent to a constitution. Burke. CONSTITUTIONALLY*, kon-ste-tu'-shun-al-le. ad. Legally. Lord Chesterfield. CONSTITU'TIONIST*, kon-ste-tu'-shun-fst. n. s. One zealous for the established constitution of the country. Bolingbroke. CONSTITUTIVE, k&n'-ste-tu-tlv. a. Elemental ; essential. Brown. Having the power to enact or establish. ToCGNSTRATNS, kon-strane'. v. a. [constrain- dre, Fr.] To compel. Shak. To hinder by force Dryden. To necessitate. Shak. To violate; to ravish. Titus Andronicus. To confine ; to press. Dryden. To constringe. Dryden. To tie ; to bind. Dryden. To imprison. Dryden. To produce in opposition to nature. Waller. To restrain; to with hold. Raleigh. CONSTRA'INABLE, kon-stra'-na-bl. a. Liable to constraint. Hooker. .,.»,,. , ,, CONSTRAINEDLY, k6n-stra/-n6d-le. ad. By con- straint. Hooker. CONSTRA INER, kon-stra'-nur. n. s. He that con- strains. «'•-•». CONSTRAINT, k&n-strant'. n. s. Compulsion Sliakspeare. Confinement. Spenser. CONSTRATNTrVE*, kon-strane'-tlv. a. Having the power of compelling. Carew. To CONSTRICTS, k6n-strikt'. i 228 a, [const ringo, CON CON — 116, move, n5r, not; — tube, tub, bull;— 6Tl; — pound; — thin, this. constriction, Lat.] To bind ; to cramp. To con- tiaet. Arbufhnot. CONSTRICTION, k6n-str?k'-shun. n.s. Contrac- tion; compression. Ray. OONSTRI'CTOR, k6n-str?k'-tur. 166. k. 5. That which compresses or contracts. Arhutknot. To CONSTRINGE §, kon-strlnje'. 0. a. [constnngo, Lat.] To compress; to contract. Shalcspeare. CONSTRINGENT, k6n-str?n'-jent. a. Binding or compressin£. Bacon. To CONSTRUCTS, k&n-strfikt'. v. a. [constructs, Lat.] To build ; to ibrm ; to compile ; to consti- tute. Bonle. CONSTRU'CTER*, kon-strfik'-tur. n. s. He who forms or makes. Johnson. CONSTRU'CTION, kon-struk'-shun. n.s. Building; fabrication. The form of building. Shak. The putting of words, duly chosen, together in such a manner as is proper to convey a complete sense. Locke. The act of arranging terms in the proper order, by disentangling transpositions. Shak. The sense; the meaning. Hooker. Judgement; mental representation. Broim. The manner of describing a figure or problem in geometry.— Construction of equations, is the method of reducing a known equation into lines and figures, in order to a geo- metrical demonstration. CONSTRU'CTION AL*, kon-struk'-shun-al. a. Re- specting the meaning or interpretation. Water- fand. CONSTRUCTIVE*, kon-struk'-tlv. a. By con- struction. Burnet. CONSTRUCTIVELY*, kon-struk'-tiv-le. ad. By construction. I ONSTRU'CTURE, kon-strtuV-tshure. 461. n.s. Pile ; edifice. B'tackmore. To CONSTRUE $, kon'-str56, or k&n'-stfir. v. a. [constmo, Lat.] To range words in their natural order. Spenser. To interpret ; to explain. Hooker. Jf$- Tt is a scandal to seminaries of learning, that the latter pronunciation of this word should prevail there. Those who ought to be the guardians of propriety are cften the perverters of it. Hence accidence for acci- dents, prepostor for prepositor, and constur for con- ] slrue ; for it must be carefully noted, that this last word | is under a different, predicament from those which end j with r and mute e : here the vowel u must have its long sound, as in the word true •■ this letter cannot be sunk or transposed like e in centre, sceptre, &c. W. To CONSTUPRATE §, kon'-stn-prate. v. a. [con- sfupro. Lat.] To violate ; to debauch. Bale. CONSTUPRAT10N,k6n-stu-pra'-shun. n.s. Vio- lation ; defilement. Bv. Hall. To CONSUBSl'ST*, kon-sub-slst'. v. n. To exist together. Search. CONSUBSTANTIAL §, k6n-sub-stan'-shal.a. [con- suhstantialis, Lat.] Having the same essence or subsistence. Hooker. Being of the same kind or nature. Hooker. CONSUBSTANTIALIST* k6n-sub-stan'-shal-Ist. -.'. s. He who believes in consubstanti avion. Barrow. CONSUBSTANTIA'LITY, kon-sub-stan-she-al'-e- ir>. n.s. Existence of more than one, in the same substance. Hammond. Participation of the same To CONSUBSTANTIATE, k&n-sub-stan'-she-ate. r. a. To unite in one common substance or nature. Hammond. To CONSUBSTA'NTIATE* kon-sub-stan'-she- ale. r. n. To profess consubstantiation. Dryden. f CONSUBSTA'NTIATE*, kon-sub-stan'-she-ate. a. United. Feltham. CONSUBSTANTIA'TION, k6n-sub-stan -she-a'- sh&n. 71. s. The union of the body of our blessed Saviour with the sacramental element, according 10 the Lutherans. Milton. CONSUL §, kon'-sul. n. s. [consul, Lat.] The chief I magistrate in the Roman republick. Shak. An officer commissioned in foreign parts to judge be- tween the merchants of his nation, and protect their commerce. CONSULAR, k6n / -shu-lar. 452. a. Relating to the 17 consul. Spectator.— Consular num. One who had been consul. B. Jonson. CONSULATE, k&n'-shi'i-lale. 91. n. s. The office of consul. Addison. CONSULSHIP, kdn'-sul-shlp. n.s. The office of consul. B. Jonson. To CONSU'LT $, kon-sfilt'. v.n. [consvlto, Lat.] To take counsel together. Slvxkspeare. To CONSU'LT, kou-sult'. ». a. To ask advice of. Pope. To regard ; to act with respect to. Addison. To plan ; to contrive. Hahakkuk. CONSULT, ko;:'-siilt, or kou-sult'. n.s. The act of consulting. Dryden. The effect of consulting. Dryden. A council. Bacon. 05= I am much mistaken if this word does not incline to the general analogy of accent in dissyllable nouna and verbs, like insult." Poets have used it both ways; but the accent on the first syllable seems the most usual, as well as the most legitimate pronunciation 492. W. CONSULTATION, k&n-s&I-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of consulting; secret deliberation. A council. Wiseman. A writ whereby a cause, formerly re- moved by prohibition from the ecclesiastical court to the king s court, is returned thither again. Coiclc. CONSULTATIVE*, kon-sul'-ta-rfv. a. Having tne privilege of consulting. Bp. Brojnhall. CONSU'LTER, kon-sul'-t&r, 98. n. s. One that con- sults or asks counsel. Deut. CONSUMABLE, kon-su'-ma-bl. a. Susceptible of destruction. Wilkins. To CONSU'ME §, kon-sume'. 454. v. a. [conmmo, Lat.] To waste ; to spend ; to destroy. Shak. 95= The reason why the s in this word is pure, and in consular it takes the aspiration, is, that in one the accent is on the syllable beginning with this letter ; and, in the other, on the preceding syllable. 450. W. To CONSU'ME, kon-sume'. v. n. To waste away, Shaksveare. CONSU'MER, kon-su'-mur. n. s. One that wastes, or destroys. Slielton. To CONSUMMATE §, kon-sum'-mate. 91. v. a [consi/mmare, Lat.] To complete; to perfect. Shak. CONSUMMATE, kon-sum'-mate. a. Complete finished. Shakspeare. £5= The propensity of our language to an antepenulti- mate accentuation of simple words of three syllables makes us sometimes hear the accent on the first sylla- ble of this word; but by no correct speakers. IV. CONSUMMATELY*, kon-sum'-mate-le. ad. Per- fectly - ; oomplelelv. Warton. CONSUxMMATION, kon-sum-ma'-shun. n.s. Com- pletion ; perfection. Addison, The end of the f»-esent system of things. Hooker. Death 3 end of ife. Shakspeare. CONSUMPTION, kon-sum'-shfin. 412. n. s. The act of consuming; waste. Locke. The state of wasting or perishing. Woodward. A waste of muscular flesh. A disease divided by physicians into several kinds. Quincy. CONSUMPTIVE, kon-sfim'-tlv. a. Destructive j wasting. Bp. Taylor. Diseased with a consump- tion. Harvey. CONSU'MPTrVELY*, kon-sum'-uVle. ad. In a way tending to consumption. Beddoes. CONSU'MPTIVENESS, k&n-sum'-rfv-nes. n. s. A tendencv to a consumption. CONSU'TILE, kon-su'-til. 140. a. [consutilis, Lat.] That is sewed or stitched together. Diet. To CONTA'BULATE $, k6n-tab'-u-Iale. v. a. [con- iabvlo, Lat.] To floor with boards. Gayton. CONTABULA'TION, k6n-tab-u-la'-shuri. n. s. Boarding a floor. CONTACTS, kon'-takt. n.s. [contactus, Lat.] Touch ; close union. Bacon. CONTA'CTION, kon-tdk'-shun. n. s. The act of touching. Brmcn. CONTAGIONS, kon-ta'-je-un. 542. n. s. [contagio, Lat.] The emission from body to body, by which diseases are communicated. Shale. Infection; prop- agation of mischief, or disease. MiUon. Pesti- lence. Shakspeare. 223 CON CON JET 559— Fate, far, f Ml, fat ;— mi, met ;— pine, pin CONTA'GIOUS, k&n-ta'-je-us. 642. a. Infectious. Shakspeare. CONTAGIOUSNESS, k6n-ta'-je-fis-n3s. n. s. The qualitv of being contagious. W. Mountav-u. To CONTAIN ?, k6n-tane'. v. a. [conlmeo. Lai.] To hold as a vessel. St. John. To comprehend. Milton. To comprise ; as a writing. 1 Pet. To restrain ; to withhold. Spense}-. To CONTAIN, k&n-tane'. v. n. To live in conti- nence. 1 Cor. CONTAINABLE, k&.n-ta'-na-bl. a. Possible to be contained. Boyle. To CONTAMINATES, k6n-tam'-e-nate. v. a. [contamino, Lat.] To defile ; to pollute ; lo corrupt by base mixture. Shakspeare. CONTAMINATE*, k&n-tam'-e-nate. 91. a. Cor- rupt; polluted. Slvakspeare. CONTAiMINATION, k&n-tam-e-na'-shun. n. s. Pol- lution ; defilement. Bp. Hall. CONTECK*, k6n'-tek. n. s. [for contest] Quarrel; contention. Spenser. Ob. T. CONTENTION*, k&n-teV-sh6n. n. s. \contego,c(m- tectum, Lat."] A covering. Sir T. Brown. CONTEMERATED.kon-uW-e-ra-tgd. a. [contem- eratus, Lat.] Violated ; polluted. Diet. To CONTEMN j, kdn-tem'. 411. v. a. [contemno, Lat."| To despise ; to slight. Shakspeare. CONTEMNER, kon-tem'-nur. 411. n. s. One that contemns ; a scorner. Woolton. To CONTEMPER §, kSn-tem'-pfir. v. a. [contempe- ro, Lat.J To moderate ; to reduce to a lower de- gree. Kay. CONTEMPERAMENT, k&n-tem'-pfir-a-ment. n.s. The degree of any quality. Derham. To CONTEMPERATE, k6n-tem'-pur-ate. v. a. To moderate ; to temper. Broicn. CONTEMPERA'TION, k&n-tem-par-a'-shan. n. s. The act of diminishing any quality by admixture of the contrary. Brown. Proportionate mixture ; proportion. Hale. To CONTEMPLATE §, kon-tSm'-plate. v. a. \con- templor, Lat.] To consider with continued atten- tion ; to study. Watts. {gj* There is a very prevailing propensity to pronounce this word with the accent on the first syllable ; a pro- pensity which ought to be checked by every lover of the harmony of language. That very singular analogy in our tongue, of placing the accent on the last syllable of the verb, and the first of the noun, 492, seems to have taken place chiefly for the convenience of forming par- ticiples, adverbs, and verbal nouns; which would be in- harmonious and difficult to pronounce, if the verb had the accent on the first syllable. This analogy should teach us to avoid placing the accent on the first syllable of this and similar verbs, however we may pronounce nouns and adjectives ; for, though to cdntemplate, with the accent on the first syllable, is not of very difficult pronunciation, yet contemplating and contemplatingly are almost unpronounceable. W* To CONTEMPLATE, k&n-tem'-plate. v. n. To muse. Shakspeare. CONTEMPLATION, k&n-tem-pla'-shun. n. s. Meditation ; studious thought on any subject. Sliak. Holy meditation. Sfiak. The faculty of study, op- posed to the power of action. South, CONTEMPLATIVE, kdn-tem'-pla-tfv. a. Given to thought or study. Denham. Employed in study. Bacon. Having 1 the power of meditation. Ray. CONTEMPLATIVELY, kon-tem'-pia-tlv-le. ad. Thoughtfully; attentively. Huloet. CONTEMPLATOR, kon-tem'-pla-tur. 521. n. s. One employed in study. Raleigh. CONTEMPORARINESS* k&>tem'-p6-ra-re-n£s. n. s. Existence at the same point of time. Howell. CONTEMPORARY §, kon-tem'-po-ra-re. a. [can- temporain, Fr.] Living in the same age. Dryden,. Born at the same time. Cowley. Existing at the same point of time. Locke. CONTEMPORARY, k6n-tem'-p6-ra-re. 512. n. s. One who lives at the same time with another. Dryden-. To CONTEMPORISE, k6n-t?m'-p&-rlze. 153. v. a. To place in the same age. Brown. CONTEMPT $, k&n-temf. 412. n.s. [coniejnpttts, Lat.] The act of despising others ; slight regard ; scorn. Esther. The state of being despised ; vileness. 2 Mace. Offence in law of various kinds. B/acksUme. CONTEMPTIBLE, kon-tem'-tc-bl. a. Worthy of contempt. Taylor. Despised ; scorned. Locke. Scornful; contemptuous. Shakspeare. CONTEMPT1BLENESS, k6n-tem'-te-bl-nes. ». s. Meanness ; vileness ; baseness. Hammond. CONTEMPTIBLY, k&n-teW-te-ble. ad. Meanly ; deserving contempt. Burton. CONTEMPTUOUS, k&n-tem'-tshu-fls. 461. a: Scornful; apt to despise; insolent. Raleigh. CONTEMPTUOUSLY, kdn-tem'-tshu-&s-le. ad. With scorn ; with despite. Shakspeare. CONTEMPTUOUSNESS, k6n-tem'-tshu-us-nes. n. s. Disposition to contempt. To CONTEND $, kon-t emulation. Dryden. To CONTEND, kon-tend'. v. a. To dispute any- thing ; to contest. Dryden. CONTENDENT, kSn-ten'-dent. n.s Antagonist; opponent. L'Estrange. CONTENDER, k6n-ten'-dar. n. s. Combatant; champion. Locke. CONTENT §, kon-tent'. a. [contentus, Lat.] Satis- fied so as not to repine. Dryden. Satisfied so as not to oppose. Shakspeare. To CONTENT, kou-tent'. v. a. To satisfy so as to stop complaint ; to appease without complete grat'n fication. Sidney. To please; to gratify. Shak. CONTENT, k6n-tent'. n. s. Moderate happiness Shale. Satisfaction in a thing unexamined. Pope. That which is contained, or included. Shak. Ex- tent ; capacity. Bacon. A parliamentary expression for those who are in favour of the subject proposed. Burke. That which is comprised in a writing; as, the contents of a book. Slwtkspeare. [Kr In this sense it is used only in the plural, and then it is sometimes accented on thefh'st syllable. 493. W~\ CONTENT ATION, kon-ten-ta'-sbun. n.s. Satis- faction ; content. Sidney. Ob. J. CONTENTED, kdn-tent'-eU part. a. Satisfied; not demanding more. Knolles. CONTENTEDLY*, kon-t£nt / -&d-Ic. ad. In a quiet. easy, or satisfied manner. Shelton. CONTENTEDNESS, k&n-tent'-ed-nes. n.s. State of satisfaction in any lot. Bp. Hall. CONTENTFUL*, kon-tent'-ful. a. Perfectly con- tent. Barrow. CONTENTIONS, k&n-ten'-shfin. n.s. [content™. Lat.] Strife ; debate ; contest. Shak. Emulation. Shak. Eagerness; zeal; ardour. Holder. CONTENTIOUS, kon-ten'-shfts. a. Quarrelsome; given to debate. Shakspeare. CONTENTIOUS Jurisdiction. A court which has a power to judge and determine differences be- tween contending parties. Clvxmbers. CONTENTIOUSLY, kon-ten'-shiis-le. ad. Per- versely; quarrelsomely. Broicn. CONTENTIOUSNESS, k6n-teV-shus-nes. n. s. Proneness to contest; perverseness; quarrelsome- ness. Herbert. CONTENTLESS, kon-t&ntMes. a. Discontented. Shakspeare. CONTENTLY*, kon-tent'-le. ad. In a contented wav. Beaumont, and Fletcher. CONTENTMENT, kon-lgnf-ment. n. s. Acquies- cence without plenary satisfaction. Hooker. Grati- fication. Wotton. ' \ ., ■ s CONTE'RMINABLE $*, kon-ter'-mfn-a-bl. a. [con- termino, Lat.] Capable of the same bounds. Sir H. Wotton. *'■•,;■'(,■ i „,, CONTE'RMINATE*, kon-ter'-mfn-ate. a. That which hath the same bounds. B. Jonson. CONTE'RMINOUS, kon-teV-me-nSs. a. [contermi- mis, Lat.] Bordering upon, Hale. CONTERRANEAN*, kon-ter-ra'-ne-an. > a [con CONTERRANEOUS, kon-ter-ra'-ne-fis. S terrane ■ us Lat.l Of the same earth or country. Howell. CONTESSERATION*, kon-tes-ser-a'-shfin. n. i 230 CON CON — n6, move, ndr, n6t ; — tube, t&b, bull ;— 611 ; — p6und 5 — th'm, THis. [con and tesseratus, Lat.] Assemblage ; collection. B. Oley. To CONTE'ST §, k6n-test'. 492. v. a. [contester, Fr.] To dispute; to litigate. Dryden. To CONTE'ST, kon-test'. v. n. To strive ; to con- tend. Donne. To vie ; to emulate. Sliakspeare. CONTEST, k&n'-test. 492. n. s. Dispute ; difference. Dcnham. CONTE'ST ABLE, k&n-tes'-ta-bl. a. Disputable; controvertible. CONTE'STABLENESS, kon-tes'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. Possibility of contest. Did.. CONTESTATION, kon-tes-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of contesting; debate. Bacon. CONTESTATION*, kon-tes-uV-sh&n. n. s. Testi- monv; proof by witnesses. Barrow. CONTESTINGLY*. kon-test' -mg-le. ad. In a con- tending manner. W. jfiountagu. CONTE'ST LESS*, kon-test'-les. a. Not to be dis- puted. A. Hill. To CONTE'X$, k&n-teks'. v. a. [contexo, Lat.] To weave together; to unite by interposition of parts. Bonk Ob. J. CO'NTEXT, kon'-lekst. 494. n. s. The general series of a discourse ; the parts of the discourse that precede and follow the sentence quoted. Hammond. CONTENT, k6n-t£kst'. a. Knit together; firm. Derham. To CONTENT* kon-tekst'. v. a. To knit together. Junius. CONTE'XTURAL*, kdn-teks'-tshu-ral. a. Relating to the human frame. Smith. CONTE'XTURE^on-t^ks'-tshure.^l.n.s. The dis- position of parts one amongst others ; the system. Wotton. CONTIGNATION, kon-tlg-na'-shfin. n. s. [contig- natio, Lat.] A frame of beams joined together ; a story. Wottcra. Framing a fabrick of wood. Burke. CONTIGU'ITY, kon-te-gu'-e-te. n. s. Actual con- tact. Brown. CONTIGUOUS §, kdn-tV-u-us. a. [contiguus, Lat.] Meeting so as to touch; bordering upon each other. Baton. CONTIGUOUSLY, kon-rfg'-u-us-le. ad. Without any intervening spaces. Dryden. CONTI'GUOUSNESS, k&n-tlg'-u-us-ne's. n. s. Close connexion. Fuller. CONTINENCE, kon'-te-nense. )n.s. Restraint; CO'NTLNENCY, kon'-te-nen-se. $ command of one's self. Dryden. Forbearance of lawful pleasure. grew. Chastity in general. Shale. Moderation in lawful pleasures. Bp. Taylor. Continuity ; un- interrupted course. Ayliffe. CONTLNENT$, kdn'-te-nent. a. [continens, Lat.] Chaste; abstemious in lawful pleasures. Shak. Restrained; moderate. Shak. Continuous; con- nected. Brerewood. Opposing. Shakspeare. CONTINENT, kon'-te-nent. n. s. Land not disjoint- ed by the sea from other lands. Waller. That which contains any thing. S!io.kspeare. CONTINENTAL*, kon-te-nent'-al. a. Respecting a continent ; particularly the continent of Europe. Burke. CONTINENTLY*, k6n'-te-nent-le. ad. Chastely. Martin. To CONTINGE §, k&n-tfnje'. v. n. [contingo, Lat.] To touch ; to happen. CONTINGENCE, kon-t?n'-jense. ) n. s. The qual- CONTINGENCY, k6n-uV-jen-se. S ity of being fortuitous; accidental possibility. Brown. The act of reaching to, or touching. Gregory. CONTINGENT, k6n-tfn / -jent. a. Falling out by chance. South. Dependent upon an uncertainty. Btarkslone. CONTINGENT, kSn-tln'-je^it. n. s. A thing in the hands of chance. Greic. A proportion that falls to anv person upon a division. CONTINGENTLY, kon-th'-jent-le. ad. Accident- ally; without any settled rule. CONTINUAL, kon-tm'-u-al. a. Incessant. Proverbs. [In law.] A continual claim is made from time to time, within every year and day. Cowel. CONTINUALLY, kon-tln'-u-al-le. ad. Without pause ; without interruption. Bacon. Without ceasing. Bent ley. CONTINUALNESS*, kdn-lin'-u-al-nes. n. s. Per- manence. Hales. CONTINUANCE, k&n-tln'-u-anse. n. s. Succession uninterrupted. Addison. Permanence in one state. Sidney. Abode in a place. Duration. Sluik. Per- severance. Rom. Progression of time. Psalm, Continuity. Bacon. To CONTINUATES*, k6n-tln'-u-ale. v. a. To join closely together. Potter. CONT1NLATE, k&n-tlii'-u-ate. 91. a. Immediately united. Hooker. Uninterrupted. Sliakspeare. CONTINUATELY, k6n-tfn'-u-ate-le. ad. With con tinuity. Wilkins. CONTINUATION, kon-tln-u-a'-sh&n. n. s. Pro- traction, or succession uninterrupted. Ray. CONTINUATIVE, kon-tln'-u-a-tiv. n. s. Perma- nence or duration. Watts. A grammatical con- junction. Harris. CONT1NUATOR, kon-Un-u-a'-tur. 521. n.s. He that continues the series or succession. Brown. To CONTINUE §, kon-lln'-u. v. n. 'continue, Lat.] To remain in the same state or place. St. Matt. To last; to be durable. 1 Sam. To persevere. St. John. To CONTINUE, kon-tin'-u. v. a. To protract. Psalm. To unite without a chasm or intervening substance. Broicn. CONTI'NUEDLY, k&n-tin'-u-e'd-le. ad. Without interruption. Norris. CONTFNUER, kon-tln'-u-ur. n. s. Having the power of perseverance. SlwJc. One who continues in the same state. Hammond. CONTINUITY, kon-te-no'-e-te. n. s. [continuatus, Lat.] Connexion uninterrupted 5 cohesion. Bacon. That texture or cohesion ol the parts of an animal body, the destruction of which is a solution of con- tinuitu. Quincy. CONTINUOUS, k6n-tln'-u-us. a. [coniinuus, Lat.] Joined together without the intervention of any space. Newton. CONTO'RSION*. See Contortion. roCONTO'RTS, k&n-t6rt'. v. a. [ccndoi-tus, Lat.] To twist ; to writhe. Milton. CONTO'RTION, kon-tor'-sh&n. n. s. Twist ; wry motion. Ray. CONTOUR, k&n-todr'. n. s. [Fr^J The outline; the line by which any figure is denned or termi- nated. Drummond. CONTRA. A Latin preposition, used in compo- sition, which signifies against. CONTRABANDS, kon'-tra-band. 524. a. [contra- bando. Ital.] Prohibited ; illegal. Dryden. CONTRABAND*, kon'-tra-band. n. s. Illegal traf- fick. Burke. To CONTRABAND, k6n'-tra-band. v. a. To im- port goods prohibited. CONTRABANDIST* k6n'-tra-ban-dfst. n. s. He who trafficks illegally. To CONTRA'CT §, k6n-trakt'. v. a. [contractus, Lat.] To draw into less compass. Donne. To lessen. Gov. of the Tongue. To draw the parts of any- thing together. Milton. To make a bargain. Dryden. To betroth ; to affiance. Shak. To pro cure ; to bring ; to incur. K. Clutrles. To epito mise ; to abridge. To CONTRA'CT, kon-trakt'. v.n. To shrink up. Arbuihnot. To bargain. To bind by promise of marriage. Bp. Taylor. CONTRA'CT, kon-trakt'. part. a. Affianced ; con- tracted. Shakspeare. CONTRACT, kon'-trakt. 492. n. s. A bargain ; a compact. Temple. An act of betrothment. A writ- ing in which the terms of a bargain are included, 1 Mace. $5= Mr. Nares, in his English Orthoepy, page 338, has very properly criticised Dr. Johnson's observation on this word, where he says, " Dr. Johnson has accented " this word on the last syllable, and ha3 subjoined thi» " remark — ' anciently accented on the first.' It is evi- •' dent that the whole article should be reversed: the 231 CON CON ID" 559.— Fale, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- " word should st*.i\ with tlie accent on the first, and the " remark should lw- .' anciently accented on the last. 1 " The justness of tbiwft observations will appear from the quotations : " This is the hard * duch, with a vow'd contra'ct, " Was fast belock il in thine." Shakspeare. u I did ; and his w*v ra'ct with lady Lucy, " And his eontra'ct h r deputy in France." Shak. But that the accent sho Id now be placed on the first syl- I table needs no proof bu., the general ear, and the general analogy of dissyllable nouns and verbs of the same form. 492. W. CONTRACTEDLY*, 1 on-trak'-tgd-le. ad. In a con- tracted manner. Bp. h'?wton. CONTRACTEDNESS, kon-trak'-tgd-nSs. n.s. Con- traction. Diet. CONTRACTIBFLITY, k&n-trak-te-bil'-e-te. n. s. Possibility of being 1 conti icted. CONTRA'CTIBLE, k6n-; mk'-te-bl. a. Capable of contraction. Arbuihnol. CONTRACTIBLENESS, k6n-trak'-te-bl-ne's. n. s. The quality of suffering c< ntraction. Diet. CONTRACTILE, kon-trak'-tl!. 145, 140. a. Having the power of contraction. ± \rbuthnot. CONTRACTION, kon-trak -shun. n. s. The act of contracting" or shortening. Pope. Shrinking or shrivelling. Arbuthnot. The state of being contract- ed, or drawn into a narrow c wnpass. Bacon. The reduction of two vowels or S) lables to one. Abbre- viation ; as, The writing is ft '1 of contractions. CONTRACTOR, k&n-trak'-t \r. n. s. One of the parties to a contract or barga r n. Bp. Taylor. To CONTRADICT §, k&n-tra d!kt'. v. a. [conira- dico. Lat.] To assert the cttntrary to what has been asserted. Dryden. To bo contrary to ; to op- pose. Hooker. CONTRADICTER, kon-tra-dil'-tur. n.s. One that contradicts ; an opposer. Aylijfe. CONTRADICTION, kon-tra-dik'-shun. n.s. Verbal opposition. Mi/ton. Opposition. Heh. Inconsis- tency with itself; incongruity in words or thoughts. Milton. Contrariety in thought or effect. Sid- ney. CONTRADICTIONAL*, kon-tra-dik'-shun-al. a. Inconsistent. Milton. CONTRADICTIOUS, k6n-tra-d?k'-shus. a. Filled with contradictions. More. Inclined to contradict. Bp. of Kiilala. Opposite to. Collier. CONTRADICTIOUSNESS,k6n-tra-d?k'-shus-ne , s. n. s. Inconsistency ; contrariety to itself. Norris. CONTRADICTORILY, kon-tra-dfk'-tur-e-le. ad. Inconsistentlv with himself. Brown. CONTRADFCTORINESS, kon-tra-dik'-t&r-e-nes. n.s. Opposition in the highest degree. Baxter. CONTRADICTORY, kon-tra-dlk'-tur-e. a. Op- posite to ; inconsistent with. South. CONTRADICTORY, kon-tra-dik'-t&r-e. n. s. A proposition which opposes another in all its terms. Bacon. CONTRADISTINCT*, k&n-tra-dfs-tiugkt'. a. Dis- tinguished by opposite qualities. Smith. CONTRADISTINCTION, kon-tra-dts-tlng'-shun. 408. n. s. Distinction by opposite qualities. Glan- rille. CONTRADISTINCTIVE*, kon-tra-dfs-tJngk'-tiv. a. That which marks contradistinction. Harris. To CONTRADISTINGUISH y , k6n-tra-dls-ting / - gwlsh. v. a. [contra and distinguish."] To distinguish not simply by differential, but by opposite qualities. Pearson. CONTRAFFSSURE, kon-tra-ffsh'-shure. 450, 452. n. s. A #rack of the skull, in the same part where the blow was inflicted, is called fissure ; but, if in the contrary part, contrafissure. Wiseman. CONTRAFNDICANT*, kon-tra-in'-de-kant. n. s. [contra and indicans, Lat.] A symptom forbidding the usual treatment of the disorder, Burke. To CONTRAFNDICATE y,kon-tra-m'-de kate.v.a. [contra and indico, Lat.] To point out some pecu- liar symptom or method of cure, contrary to the general tcnour of the malady. Harvey. CONTRAINDICATION, k&n-tra-fn-de-ka'-shun. n. s. An indication or symptom, which forbids that to be done which the main scope of a disease points out at first. Arbuthnot. CONTRACTURE, kon-tra-mure'. n.s. [coniremur Fr.] An out wall built about the main wall of a city. Chambers. CONTRANATURAL*, kon-tra-natMshu-ral. a. Opposite to nature ; unnatural. Bp. Rust. CONTRANITENCY, k&n-tra-nl'-ten-se. n. s. [con- tra and nitens, Lat.] Reaction ; a resistency against pressure. Diet. CONTRAPOSITION, kon-tra-po-zfsh'-fin. n. s. A placing over against. Potter. CONTRAPUNTIST*, k6n-tra-pun / -t?st. n. s. [con- trappunto, Ital.] One who is skilled in counter- point. Mason. CftNTRAREGULA'RITY^on-tra-r^-u-lar'-e-te. n. s. Contrariety to rule. Norris. CONTRAR1ANT, k&n-tra'-re-ant. a. [contrariant , Fr.] Inconsistent ; opposite ; repugnant. Pearson. CONTRARIES, kpose ; to baffle. Johnson. CONTRAVE'NER, kon-tra-ve'-nfir. n.s. He who opposes another. CONTRAVENTION, kor.-tra-veV-shfin. n.s. Op- position. Ld. Herbert. CONTRAVE'RSION*, kon-tra-veV-sh&n. n.s. A turning to the opposite side. Confrere. CONTRAYERVA, kon-tra-yeV^va. n. s. A spe- cies of birthwort. Miller. CONTRCCTA'TION, kon-trek-ta'-shfin. n. s. [con- trccfafio. Lat.] A touching or handling - . Ferrand. CONTRL BUTARY, kon-trlb'-u-ta-re. a. Paying- tribute to the same sovereign. Glanville. To CONTRIBUTE §, kdn-trlb'-ute. v. a. [contribw , Lat.] To give to some common slock. Milton. To CONTRIBUTE, kfoi-trib'-foe. v. n. To bear a part. Pope. CONTRIBUTION, k&n-tre-bu'-shfin. n. s. The act of promoting some design in conjunction. That which is given by several hands for some common purpose. Rom. That which is paid for the support of an army lying in a country. Shikspeare. CONTRFBUTlVE, k&n-trly-u-uV. a. That which promotes any purpose in concurrence with other motives. Bp. Tat/lor. CONTRIBUTOR', kon-trlb'-u-tftr. 166. n. s. One that bears part in some common design. S'uik. CONTRIBUTORY, kdn-trfb'-u-tfir-e. 512. a. Pro- moting the same end. Chapman. To CONTRFSTATE§, k&n-trls'-tite. v.a. [contris- to, Lat.] To make sorrowful. Bacon. Ob. J. CONTRISTA'TION, k&n-trls-ta'-shfin. n. s. The act of making sad; heaviness of heart. Bacon. Ob. J. CONTRITE §, kdn'-trke. 140. a. [contr&us, Lat.] Bruised; much worn. Worn with sorrow; harass- ed with the sense of guilt ; penitent. Shakspeare. §£?' This word ought to have the accent on the last syl- lable, both as it is an adjective, from which is formed the abstract substantive contritencss, and as the accent on the first syllable has a tendency to shorten the i in the last. 140. Accordingly, Dr. Johnson, Mr. Scott, and Bailey, pla~e the accent on the last syllable ; hut Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Ash, W. Johnston, Perry, Buchanan, and Entiek, place it on the first, with unquestionably the best usage on their side. TV. CONTRITELY t, kon'-trlte-le. ad. Penitently. {£/= As the adjective contrite, though contrary to analo- gy, seems to prefer the accent on the first syllable ; contritely and contriteness must necessarily have the accent on the same syllable. — See Contrarily. W. CONTRl'TENESS, kdn'-trlte-nes. n. s. Contrition. Diet. CONTRITION, kon-tr?sh'-fm. n. s. The act of grind- ing. Newton. Penitence ; sorrow for sin : in the strict sense, the sorrow which arises from the de- sire to please God, distinguished from attrition, or imperfect repentance produced by dread of hell. Hammond. CONTRl'VABLE, k&n-trr'-va-bl. a. Possible to be planned. Wi/kins. CONTRIVANCE, kon-trl'-vanse. n.s. Contriving; the thing contrived. WUkins. Scheme ; plan. Glanville-. A conceit ; a plot ; an artifice. Dry- den. To CONTRFVE$, kon-trlve'. v. a. [controller, Fr.] To plan out ; to excogitate. Shak. To wear away. Ob. [corusro, vontrivi, Lat.] Sjienser. To CONTRFVE. kon-trW. v. n. To form or de- sign. Prior. CONTRFVEMENT, kon-trlve'-ment. n.s. Inven- tion. Sir G. Buck. CONTRFVER, kon-trl'-vur. 98. n. s. An inventor; a schemer. Shaksptare. CONTROLS, kon-trolK. 406. n.s. [contre, role, Fr.] A register or account kept by another officer, that It each may be examined by the other. Check ; re straint. Waller. Power; superintendence. Sliak. To CONTROL, kdii-tr6ll'. 406. v.a. [contre roller, old Fr.] To keep under check by a counter reckoning. To govern ; to restrain. Hooker. To overpower ; to confute. Bacon. CONTROLLABLE, kon-trill'-a-bl. a. Subject to control. South. CONTROLLER, k6n-tr6ll'-ur. n. s. A superinten dent. Shakspeare. CONTRO'LLERSHIP, k6n-tr6U'-ur-sh?p. n. s. The office of a controller. CONTROLMENT, kon-troll'-ment. n.s. Superin- tending or restraining. Sir M. Sandys. Restraint Davies. Opposition; confutation. Hooker. Re- sistance; hostility. Shakspeare. CONTROVE'RSARY*, k&n-tr6-ver'-sa-re. a. Dis putatious. Bp. Hall. CO'NTROVERSEy*, kon'-tro-vcrse. n.s. [contiv- verse, old Fr.] Debate; controversy. Spenser. To CONTROVERSE*, kon'-tro-v&se. v. a. To dis- pute ; to debate. Hooker. See To Contro- vert. CONTROVERSIAL, kon-tro-ver'-shal. a. Dispu- tatious. Lccxe. CONTROVE RSI ALIST*, kon-tro-ver'-shal-fsL n. s. One who is engaged in literary war ; a dis- putant. Abp. Neiccome. — This is a modern word ; and it is curious to observe, that heretofore it was controrerser ,controversor , and controrerter, and even controversy -writer ; none of which have hitherto been noticed. CO'NTROVERSER*, ) . « , 4 , , , < CO'NTROVERSOR*, \ kon'-tro-vers-ur. J n.s. A disputant ; a controvertist. Mountagu. CONTROVERSY, kon'-tro-ver-se. n.s. Dispute; debate : commonly in writing. Hooker. A suit in law. Dcut. A quarrel. Jer. Opposition ; enmity. Shakspeare. CONTROVERSY- WRITER*, kon'-trn -ver-se-rl'- tfir. n.s. A controversialist, or conlrovei tist. Bp. JBarlow. To CONTROVERTS, k6n'-lr6- vert. v.a. [contro- verts, Lat.] To debate ; to dispute an} thing in writing 1 . Cheyne. CONTROVERTER* kon'-tr6-v£rt-ur. n t. A dis- putant. B. Jonson. CONTROVERTIBLE, kon-tr6-vert'-e-bl. a. Dis- putable. Bronm. CONTROVERTIST, k&n'-tr6-ver-tlst. n.s. Dispu tant ; a man engaged in literary wars. Tillolson. CONTUMACIOUS, kon-tu-ma'-shus. a. Obstinate : perverse ; inflexible. Ayliffe. CONTUMACIOUSLY, ko'n-tu-rna/-shus-le ad. Ob- stinately; inflexibly. CONTUMA'CIOUSNESS, kon-tu-ma'-shus-nes. n. s. Obstinacy ; perverseness. Wiseman. CONTUMACY §, kon'-tu-ma-se. n.s. [contumacia, Lat.] Obstinacy ; perverseness. Milton. Wilful disobedience to any lawful summons or judicial or- der. Ayliffe. CONTUMELIOUS, k&n-tn-me'-le-fis. a. Reproach- ful ; rude. Sltakspeare. Inclined to utter reproach, or practise insults. Gov. of the Tongue, rrodue rive of reproach ; ignominious. Decay of Piety . CONTUMELIOUSLY, kon-tu-meMe-us-ie. ad Reproachfullv; rudelv. Hooker. CONTUMELIOUSNESS, k6n-tu-me-le-fis-nes n. s. Rudeness ; reproach. CONTUMELY §, k6n'-tu-me-Ie. n. 9. [contumeKa, Lat.] Rudeness; eontemptuousness ; bitterness of language ; reproach. Hooker. To CONTU'ND* kdn-lfind'. v.a. [contundo, Lat.] To bruise ; to beat together. Gayton. The word is now contuse. To CONTU'SE§, kon-tiW. 437. v.a. [cmiiusus, Lat.] To beat together; to bruise. Bacon. To bruise the flesh witliout a breach of the continuity. Wiseman. CONTUSION, k&n-tiV-zhfin. n.s. The act of beat- ing or bruising. The state of being beaten or bruised. Boyle. A bruise. ShaJcspep-r 233 CON CON [LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m2t ;— pine, p?n CONUNDRUM, ko-nun'-drum. n. s. A low jest ; a quibble. Phillips. CONUSABLE*, k&n'-u-sa-bl. a. Liable to be tried or judged. Bp. Barlcno. CONUSANCE $, kdn'-u-sanse. [See Cognizance.] n. s. [connoisance, Fr.] Cognizance j notice ; knowl- edge. A law term. $£T Perhaps it may be pleaded by the gentlemen of the law, that this is the word they use instead of cogni- zance, and, consequently, that the charge against them of mutilating that word falls to the ground. But it may be answered, that the second syllables of these words are so different as to leave us in no doubt which they make use of; and that the words cognizable, cog- nizor, and cogniiee, being pronounced by them without the g } are sufficient proofs of the justness of the ac- cusation. W. CONUSANT*, k6n'-u-sant. «. Knowing. Hale. CONVALESCENCE, kdn-va-leV-sSnse. ) Kin CONVALE'SCENCY, k6n-va-les'-sen-se. $ &1 °* n. s. Renewal of health. Donne. CONVALESCENT y , kdn-va-les'-sent. a. [conva- lescens, Lat.] Recovering ; returning to a state of health. CONVENABLE, k6n-ve'-na-bl. a. [Fr.] Consistent with; agreeable to. Spenser. That may be con- vened. To CONVENES, k&n-vene'. v.n. [convenio. Lat.] To come together; to associate. Boyle. To as- semble for any publick purpose. Locke. To CONVENE, k6n-vene'. v. a. To call together; to assemble. Clarendon. To summon judicially. Ayliffe. CONVENER* kon-ve'-nfir. n. s. One who assem- bles with others for business. Mountagu. CONVENIENCE, kon-ve'-ne-ense. \ n. s. Fitness ; CONVENIENCY, kdn-ve'-ne-en-se. \ propriety. Perkins. Commodiousness; ease. South. Cause of ease; accommodation. Wilkins. Fitness of time or place. Sliakspeare. CONVENIENT y, kon-ve'-ne-ent. a. [conveniens Lat.] Fit; suitable; commodious. CONVENIENTLY, kon-ve'-ne-ent-le. ad. Commo diously ; without difficulty. Sliakspeare. Fitly Wilkins. CONVENING*, k6n-ve'-n?ng. n.s. Convention the act of coming together. King Clmrles. CONVENT §, k&n'-vent. n.s. [conventus, Lat.] An assembly of religious persons ; a body of monks or nuns. A religious house ; an abbey ; a monastery; a nunnery. Addison. To CONVENT, k6n-vent'. 492. v. a. To call before a judge. Sliakspeare. To CONVENT*, k&n-vgnt'. v. n. To meet ; to con- cur. Beaumont and Fletclver. CONVENTICLE, k6n-ven'-te-kl. n. s. [conventicu- lum, Lat.] An assembly; a meeting. Ayliffe. An assembly for worship : used in an ill sense. Hook- er. A secret assembly. Shakspeare. An assem- bly, in contempt. Atter'hury. $3T In the first edition of this [Walker's] Dictionary I followed Mr. Sheridan's accentuation of this word upon the first syllable, as I apprehended it was more agreea- ble to polite usage, though less agreeable to the ear than the accent on the second ; but, from a farther in- quiry, and a review of the authorities for both, I am strongly persuaded in favour of the latter accentuation. For the former we have Sheridan, Ash, W. Johnston, and Entick ; and for the latter Dr. Johnson, Kenrick, Nares, Scott, Perry, Buchanan, and Bailey. The other accentuation seems chiefly adopted by the poets, who should not be deprived of their privilege of altering the accents of some words to accommodate them to the verse : " For 'twere a sin to rob them of their mite." — Pope. W. To CONVENTICLE* k&n-ven'-te-kl. v.n. To be- long to a conventicle. South. CONVENTICLER, kon-ven'-tfk-l&r. n. s. One that frequents private and unlawful assemblies. Dry- den. CONVENTION §, k6n-ven'-shun. n.s. [conventio, Lat.] The act of coming together. Boyle. An as- semb!y. Sioift. A contract for a time, previous to a definitive treaty. CONVENTIONAL, k6n-veV-sbun-ai. a. Stipulat ed ; agreed on by compact. Hale. CONVENTION ARY, kon-ven'-shfin-a-re. a. Act- ing upon contract. Carew. CONVENTION1ST*, k6n-ven'-shfin-?st. n. s. One who makes a contractor bargain. Sterne. CONVENTUAL, kon-veV-tshu-al. a. Belonging to a convent ; monastick. Ayliffe. CONVENTUAL, kon-ven'-tshu-al. n. s. One that lives in a convent. Addison. To CONVERGE §, k6n-verje / . v.n. [convergo, Lat.] To tend to one point. Newton. CONVERGENT, k6n-veV-jent. > a. Tending to one CONVERGING, kon-ver'-jfng. $ point. CONVERGING Series. See Series. CONVERSABLE, k&n-ver'-sa-bl. a. Qualified for conversation. Addison. Communicative. It is sometimes written conversible, but improper.y. •/. CONVERSABLENESS, k&n-ver'-sa-bl-n&j. n.s. The quality of being a pleasing companion j flu- ency of talk. CONVERSABLY, kon-ver'-sa-ble. ad. In a conver- sable manner. CONVERSANT, k&n'-ver-sant, or kon-vV-sant. a. Acquainted with. Hooker. Having intercourse with ; acquainted. Joshua. Relating to ; concern- ing. Hooker. fcj=- There are such considerable authorities for each of these pronunciations as render a decision on that ground somewhat difficult. Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, and Bailey, place the accent on the second syllable ; and Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, and Entick, accent the first. Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott place it on both, and consequently leave it undecided. Analogy seems to demand the stress on the second sylla- ble ; perhaps not so much from the relation the word bears to the verb to converse, — since it may possibly be deiived from the noun cdnverse, 492, — as from the very general rule of accenting words of three syllables, that are not simples in our language, on the second syllable when two consonants occur in the middle. This rule, however, is frequently violated in favour of the antepe- nultimate accent, (the favourite accent of our lan- guage.) as in aggrandize, amnesty, character, cdnver- tite, ancestor, magistrate, protestant, &.c. ; and, where there is but one consonant in the middle, nothing is more common than to find the accent of the dissyllable verb neglected, and the trisyllable noun adopting the antepenultimate accent. Thus the words confident, president, provident, &c, are not accented like the verbs confide, preside, &c. &.C., but are considered as simples, and follow the general rule ; which is, that all simples of three syllables, with but one consonant in the middle, have the accent on the first, and that the vowol in this syllable is short. 503. Upon the whole, therefore, since authorities are so equal and analogy so precarious, usage must be the umpire ; and my observa- tion fails me if that which may be called the best usage does not decide in favour of the accent on the first sylla- ble. W. CONVERSATION, kon-veY-sa'-shun. n. s. Familiar discourse ; chat ; easy talk. Sidney. Discoursing upon any subject. Commerce ; intercourse ; famil iarity. Dryden. Behaviour. 1 Peter. Practica. habits. Bacon. Commerce with a different sex, Bp. Hall. CONVERSA / TIONED*,k6n-ver-sa / -shdnd. pari. a. Acquainted with the manner of acting in common life. Beaumont and Fletcher. CONVERSATIVE, kon-ver'-sa-tfv. a. Relating to commerce with men ; not contemplative. Wotton. CONVERSAZ[0'NE*,k?>n-vy-sh-7.\ik-i>' ne. n.s. [Ital.] A meeting of company. Gray. To CONVERSE §, kSn-veVse'. v.n. [conrersor, Lat.] To cohabit with ; to hold intercourse with. Addi- son. To be acquainted with. Shak. To convey the thoughts reciprocally in talk. Milton. To dis- course familiarly upon any subject. Dryden. To have commerce with a different sex. CONVERSE, k6n'- verse. 492. n.s. Conversation. Swift. Acquaintance ; familiarity. Glanville. [la geometry.] A proposition is said to be the converse of another, when, after drawing a conclusion from 234 CON CON — n.6, move, nSr, not; — uibe, tab, bull;— 611; — poflnd; — thin, Tiris. something first proposed, we proceed to suppose what had been before concluded, and to draw from it what had been supposed. Cliambers. Igy- It is highly probable that this substantive was an- ciently pronounced like the vsrb, with the accent on the second syllable ; but nothing is now better established than the accent on the first. Even the line of Pope, " Generous cdnverse ; a soul exempt from pride — " however rugged with the accent on the first syllable of this word, cannot with propriety be read other- wise. W. CONVE'RSELY, kon-veYse'-le. ad. With change of order; reciprocally. Baxter. CONVE RSION, knn-veV-sh&n. n.s. Change of one state into another. Bacon. Change from reproba- tion to grace, from a bad to a holy life. Change from one religion to another. Acts. The inter- change of terms in an argument; as, no virtue is vice; no vice is virtue. Chambers. — Conversion of equations, [in algebra,} is the reducing of a frac- tional equation into an integral one. CONVE'RSIVE. kon-veV-siv. a. Conversable. To CONVE'RT§, k&n-vgrt'. v. a. [converto, Lat.] To charge into another substance. Burnet. To change from one religion to another. Hammond. To turn from a bad to a good life. James. To turn towards any point. Brcnon. To apply to any use. Isaiah. To change one proposition into an- other. Hale. To turn into another language. B. Jonson. To CONVE'RT, kon-v^rt'. v. n. To undergo a change. Shakspeare. CO'NVERT^kon'-vert. 492. n. s. A person converted from one opinion to another. Stillingjleet.. CONVE'RTER, k6n-vert'-ur. n.s. One that makes converts. CONVERTIBILITY, k6n-veV-te-b?l'-e-te. n.s. The quality of being possible to be converted. Burke. CONVERTIBLE, kon-veV-te-bl. a. Susceptible of change. Sir H. Wotton. So much alike as that one mav be used for the other. Locke. CONVE'RTIBLY, k6n-ver'-te-ble. ad. Reciprocal- ly; with interchange of terms. South. COTCVERTrTE, kon'-ver-tlte. 156,503. n.s. [con- verti, Fr.] A convert. SJiakspeare. Ob. J. CO'NVEXS, kon'-vSks. a. [convexus, Lat.] Rising in a circular form ; opposite to concave. Dry- den. CO'NVEX, kon'-vSks. n. s. A convex body. Mil- ton. CONVE'XED, kon-vekst'. 359. part. a. Formed con- vex. Brown. CONVE'XEDLY, k6n-vek / -sgd-le. 364. ad. In a convex form. Brown. CONVE'XITY, k&n-vgks'-e-te. n.s. Protuberance in a circular form. Newton. CONVE'XLY, k6n-veks'-le. ad. In a convex form. Grew. CONVE'XNESS, k6n-vgks'-nes. n. s.. Spheroidical protuberance ; convexity. CONVEXO-CONCAVE, kon-veks'-6-k&ng'-kave. a. Having the hollow on the inside correspond- ing to the external protuberance. Newton. TtfCONVE'YS, kon-va'. 269. v. a. [conveho, Lat.] To carry. Neh. To hand from one to another. Locke. To remove secretly. SJwck. To transmit. Locke. To transfer ; to deliver to another. Spen- ser. To impart by means of something. Locke. To impart ; to introduce. SJiakspeare. To manage wi«h privacy. Shakspeare. TbCONVE'Y*, kdn-va'. v. n. To play the thief. Shakspeare. CONVEYANCE, k6n-va'-anse. n. s. The act of re- moving any thing. Shak. Way for carriage or transportation. Raleigh. Removing secretly from one place to another. Shak. The means by which any thing is conveyed. Shak. Transmission. Locke. Act of transferring property ; grant. Spenser. Writing by which property is transfer- red. Clarendon. Secret management ; juggling artifice. Honker. CONVE' YANCER, kan-va'-an-sfir. n. s. A lawyer who draws writings by which property is transfer red. Temple. CONVENER, k6n-va'-5r. n. s. One who carries or transmits. Brerewood. That by which any tiling is conveyed. Burton. A juggler; an impostor ; a thief. Shakspeare. CONVICI'NITY*, k&n-ve-sln'-e-te. n. s. [con and vicinus, Lat^] Neighbourhood. Warton. To CONVFCT §, kon-v'ikt'. v. a. [convinco, conric* turn, Lat.] To prove guilty ; to delect in guilt. John. To confute. Brown. To show by proof or evidence. Hpoker. To destroy ; to overpower ; to surmount. Shakspeare. CONVFCT, kon-vikt'. a. Convicted. Shakspeare. CO'NVICT, kon'-vSkt. 492. n.s. One found guilty. Ay life. CONVICTION, k5n-v?k'-shun. n.s. Detection of guilt. Milton. The act of convincing; confutation. Hooker. State of being convinced. Swift. CONVFCTIVE, k6n-vik'-t?v. 157. a. Having the power of convincing. Bp. Hall. CONVFCTIVELY*, k6n-v?k'-tlv-le. ad. In a con- vincing manner. More. To CONVFNCE §, kon-vW. [See To Collect.] «. a. [convinco, Lat.] To force any one to acknowl- edge a contested position. Tillofson. To prove guilty of. Jude. To evince ; to prove. Shakspeare. To overpower ; to surmount. Shakspeare. CONVFNCEMENT, kon-vlnse'-ment. n. s. Convic- tion. Milton. CONVFNCER*, kon-vln'-sfir. n.s. That whkh makes manifest. More. CONVFNC1BLE, k6n-v?n'-se-bl. a. Capable of con- viction. Capable of being disproved. Brown. CONVFNCLNGLY^on-vm'-smg-le. ad. In such a manner as to leave no room for doubt. Bp. Hall. CONVINCINGNESS, k6n-vfn/-slng-nes. n.s. The power of convincing. CONVFTIOUS*, kon-vlsh'-us. a. [convitwr, Lat.] Reproachful. Queen Elizabeth's Injunctions. To CONVFVE§, kon-vlve'. v.n. [conviw, Lat.] To entertain ; to feast. Shakspeare. CONVFVAL, kon-vl'-val. ) 113. a. Relating to an CONVFVIAL, kon-vV-yal. 5 entertainment ; fes- tal ; social. Sir T. Brown. roCO'NVOCATES, k&n'-v6-kate. v. a. [convoeo, Lat.] To call tog-ether. May. CONVOCATION, k6n-v6-ka'-shfin. n. s. Calling to an assembly. Sidney. An assembly. Lev. An as- sembly of the clergy for consultation upon matters ecclesiastical, in time of parliament. Cowel. A dis- tinct academical assembly, in which the general business of the university is transacted. Abp. Laud. To CONVO'KE §, kon-v6ke'. v. a. [convoeo, Lat.] To call together. Locke. To CONVOLVE §, kon-v6lv'. v. a. [convolvo, Lat.] To roll together. Milton. CONVOLUTED, kon-vo-lu'-ted. part. Twisted; rolled upon itself. Woodward. CONVOLUTION, kon-v6-lu'-shun. n.s. Rolling any thing upon itself. Grew. Rolling together Thomson. To CONVO'YS, kon-voe'. v. a. [convoyer, Fr.] To accompany by land or sea for the sake of defence. Milton. CO'NVOY, kon'-voe. 492. n.s. Force attending on the road by way of defence. South. The act of attending as a defence. Shakspeare. Conveyance. Shakspeare. CONVO'LVULUSx^U-vbl'-v&lus. n.s. [Lat.] A genus of plants ; bind-weed. To CONVULSE §, k&n-vulse'. v.a. [convulsus, Lat.] To give an irregular and involuntary motion to the parts of any body. Hallywell. CONVULSION, kon-vul'-shon. n. s. An involunta ry contraction of the fibres and muscles, whereby the body and limbs are preternatu rally distorted Locke. Tumult; disturbance. Temple. CONVULSIVE, k&n-vul'-s?v. 158, *28. a. [conoid sif, Fr.] That which produces involuntary motion. Hale. 235 coo COP O- 559.- -Fate, far. fall, fat; —me, mh ; -pine pin j— CONVULSIVELY*, kdn-vfil'-slv-le. ad. In an agi- tated or tumultuous manner. CO'NY §, kfin'-ne. n. s. [cuniculus, Lat.] A rabbit. B. Jonson. A simpleton. CONY-BURROW, kun'-ne-bar-o. n. s. A place where rabbits make their holes in the ground. Verstegan. roCO'NYCATCH,kfin / -nkkatsh.w.n. To cheat; to bite ; to trick. Shakspeare. CONYCATCHER, kun'-ne-katsh-dr. n. s. A thief; a cheat. To COO §, koo. 10. v.n. To cry as a dove or pigeon. Thomson. COOING*, k66'-?ug. n.s. Invitation, as the note of the dove. Young. COOK §, k66k. 306. n. s. [coquus, Lat.] One whose profession is to dress and prepare victuals. Shak. COOK-MAID, koOk'-made. n.s. A maid that dresses provisions. Addison. COOK-ROOM, k66k'-r63m. n. s. The kitchen of a ship. Raleigh. To COOK, k66k. v. a. To prepare victuals. Decay of Piety. To prepare for any purpose. Shak. To COOK*, or COUK*, kook. v. n. To make the noise of the cuckoo. The Silkewonnes. To COOK*, kook. v. a. To throw. Grose. COO'KERY, k56k'-ur-e. 555. n.s. The art of dress- ing victuals. Davies. COOL $, k65l. 306. a. [col, Sax.] Approaching to cold. Temple. Not zealous ; not ardent. Prov. COOL, kS5l. n. s. Freedom from heat. Addison. To COOL, k66l. v. a. fcoli^i, Sax.] To make cool ; to allay heat. S\ Lze&e. To quiet passion. To COOL, k66l. v. n. To grow less hot. B. Jonson. To grow less warm. Shakspeare. COOL-CUP*, kSolMi&p. n. s. A beverage so called, usually composed of wine, water, lemon-peel, su- gar, and borage ; and introduced at tables in warm weather. COOL-HEADED*, kS6l'-h§d-eU a. Without pas- sion. Burke. CO'OLER*, ko5l'-fir. n. s. That which has the pow- er of cooling the body. Quincy. A vessel in which any thing is made cool. Mortimer. CO'OLISH*, kaai'-ish. a. Approaching to cold. Goldsmith. COOLLY, KOOlMe. ad. Without heat, or sharp cold. Thomson. Without passion. Atterbury. CO'OLNESS, kSol'-nes. n. s. [coelney, Sax.] Gen- tle cold. Bacon. Want of affection ; disinclination. Clarendon. Freedom from passion. Spenser. COOM, k66m. 306. n. s. [ecume, Fr.] Soot that gath- ers over an oven's mouth. Phillips. That matter that works out of the wheels of carriages. COOMB, or COMB, k56m. n. s. [cumulus, Lat.] A measure of corn containing four bushels. COOP§,k66p. n. s. [kappa, Icel.] A barrel for the preservation of liquids. A cage ; a pen for ani- mals. Brown. To COOP, k5op. v.a. To shut up in a narrow com- pass ; to confine ; to cage. Shalcspeare. COOPER, k66-pee'. n.s. [coupe, Fr.] A motion In dancing. CO OPER, koo'-pfir. 98. n. s. One that makes coops or barrels. Child. CO'OPERAGE, koo'-pfir-fdje. 90. n.s. The price paid for cooper's work. To COORERATE $, k6-6p'-er-ate. v. n. [con and opera, Lat.] To labour jointly with another to the same end. Bacon. To concur in the same effect. Brown. COOPERATION, ko-op-er-a'-shnn. n.s. The act of contributing to the same end. Bacon. COOTERATIVE, k6-&p'-gr-a-tlv. a. Promoting the same end. Dairies. COO'PERATOR, ko-op'-er-a-tur. 521. n.s. He that promotes the same end with others. To COOTTATE3*, ko-&p'-tate. v. a. [coopto, Lat.] To choose. Cockeram. COOPTA'TION, k6-op-ta'-slian n.s Adoption; resumption. Howell. COORDINATE $, k6-6r'-de-nate. 91. a. [corc ana ordbwius, Lat.] Holding the same rank ; not being subordinate. H. Wharton. COORDINATELY, ko-dr'-de-nate-le. ad. In the same rank. COORDINATENESS,k6-6r'-de-nate-nes.n.s.The state of being coordinate. COORDIN ACTION, k6-or-de-na'-sh&n. n.s. The state of holding the same rank. Howell. COOT, k56t. 306. n.s. [cotee, Fr.] A small black water-fowl, in fens and marshes. Beaumont. COP §, k&p. n. s. [cop, Sax.] The head ; the top of any thing. C/iaucer. CO'PAL, ko'-pal, or kop'-al. n s. The Mexican term for a gum. COPARCENARY, k6-par'-se-na-re. n. s. Joint succession to any inheritance. Hale. COPARCENER §, k6-par'-se-nflr. n. s. [con and particeps, Lat.] Such as have equal portion in the inheritance of their ancestor. Cowel. COPARCENY, ko-par'-se-ne. n.s. An equal share of coparceners. Phillips. COPARTMENT*, ko-parl'-ment. n. s. Compart- ment. Warton. COPARTNER §, ko-part'-nur. 98. n. s. One that has a share in some common stock or affair; one equally concerned. Shakspeare. COPARTNERSHIP, k6-part'-nor-sh?p. «.*. The state of bearing an equal part, or possessing an equal share. Hale. CO'PATAIN, kop'-a-tln. 208. a. High raised; poind- ed. Sluxkspeare. COPA'YVA, ko-pa'-va. 98. n.s. A gum which dis- tils from a tree in Brazil. COPE §, k6pe. n.s. [cseppe, Sax.] Anything with which the head is covered. A sacerdotal vestment worn in sacred ministration. Wheaf.ly. Any thing spread over the head, as the concave of the skies j any archwork over a door. To COPE, k6pe. v. a. To cover, as with a cope. Addison. To contend with ; to oppose. Shak. To reward; to give in return. Shakspeare. To COPE, k6pe. v. n. To contend ; to struggle. Shakspeare. To encounter. Shakspeare. To COPE, k6pe. v. a. To embrace. Sliak. Ob. J. COTEMAN* kope'-man. n.s. [coopman, Dutch.] A chapman. Verstegan. COPERNICAN*, k6-peV-ne-kan. a. Relating to the system of Copernicus. A. Smith. CORESMATE, kopes'-mate. n. s. Companion; friend. Spenser. COTIER, kop'-pe-fir. n. s. One that copies; a transcriber. Addison. One that imitates; a pla- giary. Dry den. CORING, k*6'-p?ng. n. s. The upper tire of masonry which covers the wall. 1 Kings. COPIOUS §, k^-pe-us. a. [copia, Lat.] Plentiful; abundant. Milton. Abounding in words or im- ages ; not barren ; not concise. Milton. COTIOUSLY, k6'-pe-5s-le. ad. Plentifully. Bp Berkeley. At large ; diffusedly. Addison. COTIOUSNESS, k6 / -pe-fis-n£s. n. s. Plenty; abun dance. Howell. Diffusion j exuberance of style. Dry den. CO'PIST, kop'-ist. n. s. A copier. Harmar. COTLAND, k&pMand. n.s. A piece of ground m which the land terminates with an acute angle. Did. To COPLA'NT*, ko-plant'. v.a. To plant together, at the same time. Howell. COPORTION*, k6-p6re / -shfin. n. s. Equal share. Spenser. COTPED, kop'-pecl, or k&pt. 366. a. Rising to a top or head. Shakspeare. COTPEL, kop'-pel. n. i An instrument used in chymistry to try and purify gold and silver. Har- ris. CO PPER§, k6p'-par. 98. n.s. [cuprum, Lat.] One of the six primitive metals. Chambers. CO'PPER, kop'-pfir. n. s. A vessel made of cop per, commonly used for a boiler, larger than % movable pot. Bacon. 236 COP COR -n6, move, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull;— on ; — pound; — thin, this. COPPER-NOSE, k&p'-pur-n6ze. n s. A red nose. Shakspeare. COPPER-PLATE, k&p-pfir- plate', n. s. A plate on which pictures are engraven. COPPER-WORK, kdp'-pur-wfirk. n. s. A place where copper is worked or manufactured. Wood- toard. CO'PPERAS, k6p'-pur-as. n. s. [kopperoose, Dut.] A name given to three sorts of vitriol, the green, the bluish green, and the white, which are pro- duced in mines. What is commonly sold for cop- peras is an artificial vitriol, made of stones found on the sea-shore, called gold stones. Chambers. CO'PPERISH*, kop'-piir-lsh. a. Containing copper. Robinson. CO'PPERSMITH. kop --pur-snM. n. s. One that manufactures copper. Swift. CO'PPERWORM, kop'-pur-wurm. n.s. A little worm in ships. A moth that fretteth garments. A worm breeding in one's hand. Ainsworth. CO'PPERY, kop'-pfir-e. a. Containing copper. Woodward. CO'PPICE$, k&p'-pls. 142. n.s. [coupeaux, Fr.] Low woods cut at stated times for fuel. Sidney. See Copse. CO PPING*. See Coping. CO'PPLE-DUST, kop'-pl-d&st. n. s. Powder used in purifvina: metals. Bacon. COPPLE-STONES are fragments of stone broken from the adjacent cliffs, rounded by the action of the water. Woodward. COWLED, kop'-pld. 359. a. Rising in a conick form ; rising to a point. Woodward. COPSE?, kops. n.s. [abbreviated from coppice."] Low wood cut at a certain growth for fuel ; a place overgrown with short wood. Carew. To COPSE, kops. v. a. To preserve underwoods. Faringdon. CO'PSY*, kop'-se. a. Having copses. Dyer. CO'PTICK*, kop'-ffk. n.s: The language of the Copts; the ancient Egyptian language. Worth- ingion. COPULA, kop'-u-la. 92. n.s. [Eat.] The word which unites the subject and predicate of a propo- sition ; as, Books are dear. Watts. To CO'PULATE §, kop'-u-late. v. a, [copulo, Lat.] To unite ; to conjoin. To CO'PULATE, kop'-u-late. v.n. To come to- gether as different sexes. CO'PULATE*, kop'-u-late. a. Joined. COPULATION, kop-u-la'-shun. n. s. Tlie congress or embrace of the two sexes. Hooker. Any con- junction. Puttenham. CO'PULATIVE, kop'-u-la-tiv. 157. a. A term of grammar. Watts. CO'PULATIVE*, k6p'-u-la-t?v. n. s. A conjunc- tion in grammar. Harris. Connexion; conjunc- tion, bv marriage. Ricmrt. CO'PY f, kop'-pe. 482. n. s. [copve, Fr.] A transcript from the original. Waller. An individual book; as, A good copy. Hooker. The autograph ; the original. Shak. An instrument by which any con- veydnce is made in law. Shak. A picture drawn from another picture. Bramston. Abundance; plentv. Translators of the Bible. COPY-BOOK, k6p'-pe"-b66k. n. s. A book in which copies are written for learners to imitate. Shak- sjjeare. CO'PY-HOLD, kop'-pe-h6ld. n.s. A tenure, for which the tenant hath nothing to show but the copy of the rolls made by the steward of his lord's court. Cowel. COPY-HOLDER, kop'-pe-h6l-dur. n.s. One that is posse c sed of land in copvhold. B. Jonson. COPY-RIGHT*, kop'-pe-flte. n.s. The property which an author, or his assignee, has in a literary work. Blackstone. To CO'PY, kop'-pe. ». a. To transcribe ; to write after an original. Prov. To imitate; to propose to imitation. Dry den. To CO'PY, kop'-pe. v. n. To imitate. Dnfden.. CO'PYER* k6p'-pe-ur. n. s. A copier. Bentley. CO'PYIST*, kftp'-pe-lst. n. ?. A transcriber. BbcA wall. An imitator. Dr. Warton. COQUELICCfT*, k6ke-le-k6'. n.s [Fr.] Tha reel-corn rose; a colour nearly red, so called from it. To COQUE'T, k6-ket'. 415. v. a. To entertain with compliments and amorous tattle. Swift. To COQUE'T, k6-ket'. v.n. To act the lover; to entice bv blandishments. Swift COQUETRY, kd-ket'-re. n. s. Affectation of amorous advances; desire of attracting notice. Addison. - COQUE'TTE §, k6-ket'. n. s. \roquelte, Fr.] A gay, airy girl ; a woman who endeavours to attract no- tice. Toiler. COQUE'TTISH*, k6-ket'-?sh. a. Affecting the manner of a coquette. Swinburne. COR*, k6r. n. s. [corns, Lat.] The measure of a pottle. Wiclift'e. CO'RACLE, kdr'-a-kl. n. s. [cwrwgle, Welsh.] A boat used in Wales by fishers, made by drawing leather or oiled cloth upon a frame of wicker work. Hole. CO'RAL §, kor'-al. n.s. [corallum, Lat.] A plant of great hardness and stony nature, growing in the water. Hill. The piece of coral which children have about their necks, imagined to assist them ia breeding teeth. Pope. $5= We sometimes hear this word pronounced curral ; but this is contrary to all our pronouncing dictionaries, and ought to be avoided. W. CORAL-TREE, kor'-al-tre. n. s. A native tree of America, which produces very beautiful scarlet flowers. Miller. CO'RALLL\ T E,kor'-al-fn. 150. a. Consisting of coral. Woodward. CO'RALLLNE, kor'-al-ln. n.s. A sea-plant used in medicine. Hill. CO'RALLOID, kor'-al-l6?d. ?a. Resembling CO'RALLOIDAL, kor-al-ldld'-al. S coral. Brown. CO'RANT, k6-rant'. n. s. [courant, FrJ A lofty sprightly dance. Temple. A paper of news. B. Jonson. CORA'lNTO*, k6-ran'-t6. n. s. An air or dance. B. Jonsnn. CORB*. k5rb. n. s. [cm-beau, Fr.] An ornament in building. Spenser. CO'RBAN, k6r'-ban. 168. n.s. An alms-basket ; a gift ; an alms. Calmet. CORBE, k6rb. a. [courbe, Fr.] Crooked. Spenser. CO'RBEILS, k6r'-belz. n. s. [corbeilk, Fr.] Little baskets used in fortification, filled with earth. CO'RBEL, k6r / -bel. n. s. [In architecture.] The representation ol a basket sometimes placed on the heads of the caryatides. CO'RBEL, I h s i ,2. $ n. s. A short piece of ttm- CO'RBIL, \ KOr ' t)eL ) ber sticking out a few inches from a wall. A niche left in walls for figures. Chambers. CO'RBY*, kSr'-be. n. s. [corbeau, Fr.] A raven. CORD §, k6rd. n. s. [clwrda, Lat.] A rope ; a string; composed of several strands or twists. Joshua. The cords extended in setting up tents furnish several metaphors in scripture. Isaiah, xxxiii. A quantity of wood for fuel, supposed to be measured with a cord. Evelyn. CORD-MAKER, k5rd'-ma-kur. n. s. A ropemaker. CORD-WOOD, kord'-wud. n. s. Wood piled up for fuel, to be sold by the cord. To CORD, k6rd. v. a. To fasten with cords. Cot- grave. CCVRDAGE, kSr'-didje. 90. n. s. A quantity of cords ; the ropes of a ship. Drayton. CO'RDED, kSr'-ded. a. Made of ropes. Slmkspeare. Bound with a cord. CORDELI'ER, kSr-de-leer 7 . 275. n. s. A Francis- can friar ; so named from the cord which serves him for a cincture. Prior. CO'RDIAL §, kSr'-je : al. 294, 376. n. s. [cordial, old Fr.] A medicine that increases the force of the heart. Any medicine that incieases strength Air* 237 COR COR O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin : buZhnoU Any ih og that comforts, and exhilarates. Spenser. $3=* There is certainly a tendency in the d, as well as in the t, to slide into a soft, hissing sound, when preceded by the accent, and followed by a diphthong or a diph- thongal vowel, commencing with the sound of e. This is evident by the current pronunciation of immediate, verdure, &c, as if written immejeate.verjure, &c. 294 : and this pronunciation is so agreeable to the genius of our language, that the organs slide into it insensibly. Mr. Sheridan, in order to mark this sound, has adopted the y, and spelled the word cor-dy-al .- and if y is here articulated as a consonant, as is intended, its connexiou with d produces a sound so near the hiss in cor-je-al, as to be with difficulty distinguished from it. W. CO'RDIAL, k6r'-je-al. a. Reviving; invigorating. Shakspeare. Sincere; hearty. Hammond. CORDIALITY, kdr-je-al'-e-te. n. s. Relation to the heart. Brown. Sincerity-. CORDIALLY, kcV-je-al'-le. ad. Sincerely; heart- ily. More. CO'RDl ALNESS*, kor'-je-al-nes. n. s. Heartiness. Colgrave. CO'RDINER, k6V-de-nur. n. s. [cordonnier, Fr.] A shoe-maker. CO'RDON, k6r'-dfin. n. s. [Fr.] [In fortification.] A row of stones jutting out before the rampart. Chambers. CORDON*, kSr'-d&n. n. s. [Fr.] A band ; a wreath. Sir E. Sandijs. CORDOVA 'N* k6r-d6-van'. n.s. [cordouan, Fr.] Spanish leather. Fletcher. CO'RD WAIN §, kord'-wane. n. s. Cordovan leather, from Cordova in Spain. Spanish leather. Spenser. CO'RD WAINER, kdrd'-wa-nur. n. s. A shoe- maker. Bp. Hall. CORE §, k6re. n. s. [cor, Lat.] The heart. Shak. The inner part of any thing. Raleigh. The inner part of a fruit, which contains the kernels. Bacon. The matter contained in a sore. Dryden. A body or collection. Bacon. A disorder incident to sheep, occasioned by worms in their livers. Chambers. CORE'GENT*, ko-re'-jent. n. s. [con and regent.'] A joint regent or governour. Wraxall. CORE'LATD/E*. See Correlative. CORIA'CEOUS, ko-re-a'-shus. a. [coriaceus, Lat.] Consisting of leather. Of a substance resembling leather. Arbidhnot. CORIANDER, k6-re-an'-dur. 98. n. s. [coriandrum, Lat.] A plant. Miller. CO'RINTH §, kur'-ran. n.s. [from the city of that name.] A small fruit commonly called currant. PHUips. Cl/riFNTHIAN Order, is generally reckoned the fourth, but by some the fifth, of the five orders of architecture; and is the most noble, rich, and delicate of them all. Harris. CORT'NTHIAN*, ko-rln'-tfie-an. a. Relating to the licentious manners of Corinth. MiUcn. CORFNTHIAN* k6-rfn'-tfte-an. n.s. One of those at Corinth. 2 Cor. vi. In allusion to the notorious licentiousness of Corinth. " to play the Corinthian" denotes a profligate person. Shakspeare. CORPVAL$* n.s. See Corrival. Bacon. To CORI'VAL* k6-rl'-val. v. a. To affect to equal. Shakspeare. CORK §, kSrk. n. s. [korck, Dutch.] A glandiferous tree, in all respects like the ilex, excepting the bark. Miller. The bark of the cork tree used for stopples. A piece of cork cut for the stopple of a bottle or barrel. Shakspeare. To CORK*, kSrk. v. a. To stop with corks. Bp. Hall. CORKING-PIN, kdr-king-pln'. n.s. A pin of the largest size. Swift. CORKY, kor'-ke. a. Consisting of, or resembling cork. Shahsyware. CORMORANT, k8r'-m6-rant. n. s. [cormoran, Fr.] A bird that preys upon fish. Shak. A glutton. CORN $, k6rn. n. s. [copn, Sax.] The seeds which grow in ears, not in pods ; such as are made into bread. John. Grain yet unreaped. Shak. Grain in the ear, yet unthreshed. Job, Any minute par tide. Bp. Hall. An excrescence on the feet, hard and painful. Shakspeare. To CORN, kdrn. v. a. To salt ; to sprinkle with salt. To granulate. Dniden. CORN-BIND*, kSrn'-blnd. n, s. Climbing buck- wheat. Grose. CORN-CRAIK*, korn'-krake. n. s. The iand-rail, so called probably from its constant note, craik, craik. CORN-FIELD, korn'-feeld. n. s. A field where corn is growing. Sliakspeare. CORN-FLAG, kfirn'-flag. n. s. A plant. MKller. CORN-FLOOR, kdrn'-fldre. n. s. The floor where corn is stored. Hosea. CORN-FLOWER, kSrn'-flSu-ur. n. s. Flowers which grow only amongst corn. Bacon.. CORN-HEAP* korn'-heep. n. s. Store of corn. Brx. Hall. CORN-LAND, korn'-land. n. s. Land appropriated to the production of grain. Mortimer. CORN-LOFT*, korn'-loft. n. s. Granary. Sherwood. CORN-MARIGOLD, k6rn'-mar-re-g6ld. it. s. A flower. CORN-MASTER, korn'-ma-st&r. n. s. One thatcul tivates corn for sale. Bacon. CORN-METER*, kSrn'-me-tur. n. s. One who su perintends the measure of corn. CORN-MILL, korn'-mil. n. s. A mill to grind corn Mortimer. CORN -PIPE, kSrn'-plpe. n.s. A pipe made by slit ting the joint of a green stalk of corn. Tickel. CORN-ROCKET, kora'-rok-it. n. s. A plant. CORN-ROSE, korn 7 -r6ze. n. s. A species of poppv. CORN-SALAD, k6rn'-sal-ad. n.s. An herb, whose top leaves are a salad of themselves. Mortimer. CORN-VIOLET*, k6rn'-vl-6-let. n. s. A species of campanula. CO'RNAGE, k6rn'-aje. n. s. [cornage, old Fr.] # A tenure which obliges the landholder to give notice of an invasion by blowing a horn. Blount. COTtNAMUTE*, kor'-na-mute. n.s. A wind in- strument. Drayton. CO'RNCHANDLER, korn'-tshand-lur. n.s. One that retails corn. CO'RNCUTTER, kom'-knt-tur. n. s. A man whose profession is to extirpate corns from the foot. Wise- man. CORNEA*, kor'-ne-a. n. s. [Lat.] The horny coat of the eye. Reid. CO'RNEL, kor'-nel. ) m m CORNELIAN-TREE, kor-ne'-le-an-tre. $ [cornille, cornie, Fr.] A tree bearing the fruit com- monly called the cornel or cornelian cherry. Mor- timer. CORNELIAN STONE, kor-ne'-le-an-stone. See Carneeian. CO'RNEMUSE, kor'-ne-muze. n.s. [Fr.] A kind of rustick flute, or, as some think, the bag-pipe ; a shawm. CO'RNEOUS, k6V-ne-us. a. [Lat.] Horny. Broicn. CO'RNER§, kcV-nur. 98. n.s. (cornier, Fr.] An angle. A secret or remote place. Shak. The ex- tremities; the utmost limit. Shakspeare. CORNER-STONE, k6r'-nur-st6nc. n. s. The stone that unites the two walls at the corner ; the princi- pal stone. Shakspeare. CORNER-TEETH of a Horse, are the four teeth between the middling teeth and the tushes. Far- riers Dictionary. CORNERED*, kflr'-neVd. a. Having angles or cor- ners. Lovelace. CO'RNERWISE, k3r'-nor-wlze. ad. Diagonally; with the corner in front. Huloet. CORNET $, kSr'-net. 99. n. s. [cornette, Fr.] A mu- sical instrument blown with the mouth. 2 Sam. A company or troop of horse. Bacon. The officer that bears the standard of a troop. Lord Chester- field. A standard or flag. Drayton. — Cornet*/ a horse, is the lowest part of his pastern that runs round the coffin. Farrier's Diet. A scarf anciently worn by doctors. Cotgrave. A head-dress CW J 238 COR COR — n6, m6ve, n6r, not ; — tube, tab, bull ; — 611; — p6find; — tlun, tkIs. grave. A cornet of paper, is a cap of paper, made by retailers for small wares. CO'RNETCY*. kdr'-net-se. n. s. The commission of a cornet. Lord Chesterfield. CO'RNETER, k6r'-net-uf n.s. A blower of the cornet. Hakewill. CO'RxNICE, k6r / -n?s. 142. n.s. [coiniche, Fr.] The highest projection of a wall or column. Dryden. CO'RNTCE Ring. [In gunnery.] The next ring from the muzzle backwards. Chambers. CORNICLE, kor'-nik-kl. 405. n.s. [cornu, Lat.] A little horn. Brcncn. CORNI'CULATE, kor-nlk'-u-late. a. [In botany.] Such plants as produce many distinct and horned pods. Chambers. Homed. More. CORNIGEROUS, kdr-nldje'-e-ras. a. [corniger, Lat.] Horned ; having- horns. Brown. CORNING-HOUSE*, k6r'-nmg-hous. n.s. The place where gun-powder is granulated. Sprat. CORNISH*, k6r'-nish. n. s. The people of Cornwall. Riclwds. CO'RJNISH*. k6r'-n?sh. a. Relating to the language or manners of the Cornish. Ricliurds. CORNUCCVPIA, k6r-nu-k6'-pe-a. n.s. [Lat.] The horn of plenty; a horn topped with fruits and flowers in the hands of a goddess. JFo CORNU'TE $, k6r-nute'. v. a. [cornittus, Lat.] To bestow horns ; to cuckold. Burton. CORNU'TED, kSr-na'-ted. a. Grafted with horns ; cuckolded. L' Estrange. CORNU'TO, kSr-nrV-to. n. s. A cuckold. Shak. CORNU'TOR* kSr-na'-t&r. n. s. A cuckold-maker. Jordan. CORNY, kSr'-ne. a. Strong or hard like hom. Mil- ton. Producing grain or corn. Prior. Containing corn. Dryden. COROLLARY, k6r / -6-lar-e. 168. n.s. [corollari- um, Lat.] The conclusion. Dryden. Surplus. Slmk. 55= Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, W. Johnston, Buchanan, Entick, and Smith, accent this word on the first, and Dr. Kenrick, Scott, Perry, and Bailey, on the second syllable. The weight of authority is certainly for the accentuation I have adopted, and analogy seems to confirm this authority. For as the word is derived from corollarium, with the accent on the antepenulti- mate, our pronunciation of this word generally lays an additional accent on the first syllable, which, when the word is shortened by dropping a syllable in coroUary, becomes the principal accent, as in a thousand other instances. — See Academy. W. CORO'Nk, k6-r.a. [corrugo, Lat.] To wrinkle or purse up. Quincy. COBRUGATE*, kor'-ru-gate. a. Contracted. Young. CORRUGA'TION, kor-ru-ga'-shun. n.s. Contrac- tion into wrinkles. Flover. CORRUCENT Muscle*, kor-ru'-jent-miV-sl. A muscle of the eye, called also corrugalor svpercilii Cluxmhers. To CORRUBT§, kor-rfipt'. v. a. [corrumpo,corrup tus, Lat] To turn from a sound to a putrescent state. To deprave; to destroy integritj'; to bribe. 2 Cor. Locke. To spoil ; to do mischief. To CORRUBT, kor-rSpt'. [See To Collect.] v. n. To become putrid ; to lose purity. Bacon. CORRUBT,k6r-rupt'. a. Spoiled ; tainted. Knolles. Unsound; putrid. Spenser. Vicious; without in- tegrity. Shakspeare. CORRUBTER, kor-rup'-tur. n.s. He that taints or vitiates. Shakspeare. CORRUBTFUL*, kor-rupt'-ful. a. Corrupting. Spenser. CORRUPTIBILITY, k6r-rup-te-bu ,/ -e-te. n. s. Pas- sibility to be corrupted. Burke. CORRUPTIBLE, k&r-rup'-te-bl. 405. a. Suscepti bleofdestruct : on by natural decay. Hooker. Sus ceptible of exVemal depravation. COS COS — no, move, nor, not 3 — tfibe, tAb, bfill ; -oil; — pound ; — thin, THis. {fCf Some affected speakers have done all in their power to remove the accent of this word from the second to the first syl'aLle. Thanks to the difficulty of pronoun- cing it in this manner ; they have not yet effected their purpose. Those who have the least regard for the sound of their language, ought to resist this novelty with all their might ; for if it once gain ground, it is sure to triumph. The difficulty of pronouncing it, and the ill sound it produces, will recommend it to the fashionable world, who are as proud to distinguish themselves by an oddity in language as in dress. — See Incomparable. W. CORRUTTIBLENESS, k6r-ny-te-bl-nes. n. s. Susceptibility of corruption. CORRUPTIBLY, kor-r&p'-te-ble. ad. In such a manner as to be corrupted. Shakspeare. CORRUPTING*, k&r-r&p'-tlng. n. s. The act of vitiating. Bp. Taylor. CORRUPTION, k6r-rup'-shfin. n. s. The principle by which bodies tend to the separation of their parts. Wickedness, perversion of principles. Ad- dison. Putrescence. Black-more. Matter or pus in a sore. The tendency to a worse state. Shak. Cause, or means, of depravation. Raleigh. [In law.] An infection growing to a man attainted of felonv, or treason, and to his issue. Cowel. CORRUPTIVE, kor-rup'-tiv. a. Having the quali- ty of tainting. Brown. CORRU'PTLESS, k6r-rupt'-les. a. Insusceptible of corruption. Dryden. CORRU'PTLY, kor-rupt'-le. ad. With corruption. Shakspeare. Vitiously ; improperly. Camden. CORRUTTNESS, kdr-rfipt'-ngs. n. s. Putres- cence ; vice. CORRUTTRESS*, k&r-r&pt'-rgs. n.s. She that misleads or corrupts others. Cotgrave. Beaumont and Fletcher. CO'RSAIR, kor'-sare. 168. n.s. [corsxre, Itai.J A pirate. Ricaut. The vessel of a corsair. CORSE, k6rse. n.s. [cors, corse, Fr.] A body. Spen- ser. A dead body ; a carcass. Spenser. CORSE-PRESENT*, k6rs'-pr?z-Snt. n. ■ A fu- neral present ; a mortuary. Blackstone. CO'RSELET, kdrs'-lgt. n. s. [corselet, Fr.] A light armour for the forepart of the bod}'. Fairfax. To CORSELET*, or CORS'LET*, kors'-lel. v. a. To encircle, as with a corselet. Beaum. and Fl. CORSE' T*, kor'-s£t. n.s. [Fr.] A pair of bodice for a woman. Cotgrave. CORTE'GE*, kor-tazhe'. n.s. [Fr.] A train of at- tendants. Wiquefort. CO'RTES*, kbr'-ihz. n.s. [Span.] The states as- sembled in Madrid. Geddes. CO'RTEX*, kdr'-teks. n. s. [Lat.] Bark 5 cover. Bent ley. CORTICAL §, k&V-te-kal. a. [cortex, Lat.] Barky; belonging to the rind. Cheyne. CO'RTICATED, k5r'-te-ka-ted. a. Resembling the bark of a tree. Brown. CO'RTICOSE, k6r-te-k6se'. a. Full of bark. Diet. CORU'SCANT§, ki-rfV-kant. a. [corusco, Lat.] Glittering bv flashes ; flashing. Howell. To CORU'SCATE*, kd-nV-kate. v. n. To glitter. Greenhill. CORUSCATION, kor-fis-ka'-shun. n. s. Flash ; quick vibration of light. Bacon. CORVE'TTO, kSr-vft'-ti. n.s. The curvet. Peacham. CORYBA'NTICK*, kftr-e-ban'-tik. a. [from Cory- bantes, the frantick priests of Cybele.] Madly agi- tated or inflamed. Cudworth. CORY'MBIATED, kc-rim'-be-a-tgd. a. Garnished with branches of berries. Diet. CORYMBl'FEROUS, k6r-fm-bff-er-us. a. Bearing fruit or berries in bunches. Quincy. COR Y'MB US, ko-rW-bus. n. s. [Lat.] Among the ancient botanists, a bunch or cluster of berries : amongst modern, a compounded discous flower, such as the daisy, and common marigold. Quincy. CORYPHEUS*, kftr-e-fe'-us. n.s. [ K opv generally from the Saxon cot, a cottage. COT, ) Gibson. COT §, k6t. n. s. [cot, Sax.] A small house ; a eot- tage. SJiakspeare. COl *, ) ,d . ( n. s. [KotTt].'] A small bed ; a cra- COTT*, \ KOU ) die; a hammock. Sir T. Herbert. COT*, ) , A . \ n. s. [cola, low Lat.] A little boat. COTT*, \ kot ' $ Spenser. COT, k6t. n. s. [An abridgement of cotquean.J A cade-lamb. Grose. To COTA'BULATE*. See To Contabulate. COTA'NGENT, k6-uW-jent. n. s. The tangent of an arch which is the complement of another to ninety degrees. Harris. COTE*, kite. n. s. [Sax.] A cottage. Warner. A sheepfold. 2 Chronicles. To COTE, k6te. v. a. To leave behind, to overpass. Chapman. To COTE*. See To Quote, which was formerly written cote. COTE'MPORARY. See Contemporary. COTERFE*, ki-te-ree'. n. s. [Fr.] A friendly or fashionable association. COTFLLON*, ki-til'-y&n. n.s. [cotillon, Fr.] A brisk lively dance, in which eight persons are usually employed. Gray. CO'TLAND, kot'-land. n. s. Land appendant to a cottage. CC^TQUEAN, k6t'-kwene. n. s. A man who busies himself with women's affairs. Shakspeare. CO'TSYVOLD*, kots'-wold. n. s. [cote and pold, Sax.] Sheepcots in an open country ; whence the large tract of downs called Cotswold Hills, in Glou- cestershire. CO'TTAGE, k&t'-taje. 90. n. s. A hut ; a cot. Zeph. CO TT AGED*, kot'-taj'd. a. Having cottages. Col- lins. CO'TTAGELY*, kot'-taje-le. a. Rustick; suitable to a cottage. Bp. Taylor. CO TTAGER, k6t'-ta-jur. n. s. One who lives in a cottage. Swift. [In law.] One that lives on the common, without paying rent, and without any land of his own. Bacon. COTTER*, k6t'-t&r. COTTIER, k&t'-yer. 113. CO'TTON§, k&t'-tn. 170, down of the cotton-tree of cotton. CO'TTON, k6t'-tn. n. s. A plant. Miller. To CO'TTON, kot'-tn. v. n. To ri^c with a nap. To cement; to unite with. Swift. CO TTONOUS*, kot'-tn-us. ) a. Full of cotton ; soft CO'TTONY*, k&t'-ln-e. $ as cotton. Evelyn. COIYLE*, ) ( cavity of a bone, which receives the end of another in articulation. A liquid measure in use among the ancients. To COUCH§, ko&tsh. 313. v. n. [coucher, Fr.] To lie down on a place of repose. SJiak. To lie down on the knees, as a beast to rest. Dryden. To lie down in secret, or in ambush. Shak. To lie in a bed, or stratum. Deuteronomy. To stoop, or bend down. Genesis. To COUCH, k6utsh. v. a. To lie on a place of re- pose. Shak. To lay down any thing in a bed, or stratum. Mortimer. To bed ; to hide in another body. Bacon. To involve ; to include. Dryden. To hide. South. To lay close to another. Spenser. To fix the spear in the rest ; in the posture of at- tack. Spenser. To depress the condensed crystal- line humour or film that overspreads the pupil of She eye. Sharp. COUCH, kSutsh. n.s. A seat of repose. Milton. A bed. Bale. A layer, or stratum. MoHimer. n. s. One who inhabits a cot. Bp. Hall. a. s, [cotton, Fr.J The Wiseman. Cloth made CO/UCHANT, k6utsh'-ant. a. Lying down; squat- ting. Brown. CO'VCHEE, k66'-shee. n.s. [Fr.] Bedtime ; the time of visiting late at night. Dryden. COUCHER, k6utsh'-fir. n. s. He that couches cata racts. A bedfellow. Cotgrave. CO'UCHER*, ko&tsh'-ur. n. s. [cachereau, Fr.] A register book in monasteries. Queen Elizabeth's Injunctions. CO'UCHFELLOW, koutsh'-fel-li. n. s. Bedfellow SJiakspeare. CO'UCHGRASS, koutsh'-gras. n. s. A weed. Mot timer. CO'UCHING*, k6utsh'-?ng. n.s. The act of bend ing or bowing. Shakspeare. COUGH$, kof. 321. n. s. [kuef Goth.] A convulsion of the lungs, vellicated by some sharp serosity. Ba- con. To COUGH, kof. v. n. To make a noise in endeav- ouring to evacuate the peccant matter from the lungs. To COUGH, k6f. 391. v. a. To eject by a cough ; to expectorate. Wiseman. COUGHER, kof-f&r. 98. n. s. One that coughs. COTJHAGE*, kou'-'idje. n. s. A kind of kidney- beans. COULD, kud. 320. [See the word Been.] The im- perfect preterit of can. COULD*, kud. pret. of can, to know. COULTER, kiie'-tur. 318. n.s. [cultop., Sax.] The sharp iron of the plough which cuts the earth. Hammotid. COUNCIL §, kS&n'-sll. 313. ?i. s. [concilium, Lat.] An assembly of persons met together in consulta- tion. Matthew. Act of publick deliberation. Milton. An assembly of divines to deliberate upon religion. Watts. Persons called together to be consulted on any occasion, or to give advice. Bacon. The body of privy counsellors. Shakspeare. COUNCIL-BOARD, kSun'-sll-bird. n. s. Council- table, where matters of state are deliberated. Clar- endon. ' COUNCIL-TABLE*, koun -sil-ta-bl. n. s. Council- board. Milton. COUNDERSTA'NDING* k6-un-dur-stand'-mg. n. s. Mutual understanding. Howell. To COUNFTE$*, ko-yu-nlte'. v. a. To unite. More. COUNPTE*, ke-vu-nlte'. a. United. More. CO'UNSEL$, kdun'-sel. 99. n.s. [consilium, Lat.] Advice ; direction. Bacon. Consultation ; inter- change of opinions. Sliak. Deliberation ; exami- nation of consequences. Hooker. Prudence ; art, Ecclus. Secrecy. Shakspeare. Scheme; purpose. Psalm,. Those that plead a cause. Shakspeare. j)Cr The difference of council and counsel is, in cursory speaking, almost undistinguishable. W. CO'UNSEL-KEEPER^kSun'-sel-kAep-ur.n.s.One who can keep a secret. Shakspeare. CO / UNSEL-KEEPING*,k6un / -sel-keep-?ng.a.That which preserves secrecy. Titus Andronicus. To COUNSEL, k6un'-sel. 99. ». a. To give advice Shakspeare. To advise any thing. Dryden. CO UNSELLABLE, k3un'-sel-a-bl. a. Willing to follow the advice of others. Clarendon. Advisa- ble. Lord Clarendon. COUNSELLOR, kdun'-sel-lfir. n. s. One that gives advice. Wisdom. Confidant ; bosom friend. Wal ler. One whose province is to deliberate upon publick affairs. Shakspeare. A lawyer. Dryden. CO UNSELLORSHIP, ko&n'-sei-lur-ship. n. s. The office of a privy counsellor. Bacon. To COUNT §, k6flnt. v. a. [compter, old Fr.] To num- ber ; to tell. Shak. To preserve a reckoning. Locke. To reckon ; to place to an account. Gen. To esteem ; to account. Hooker. To impute to ; to charge. Rowe. To COUNT, kount. 313. in n. To found an account or scheme. Swift. COUNT, kount. n. s. Number. Spenser. Reckon- ing ; number summed. Exodus. Estimation ; ac- count. Spenser. [In law.] A charge in an indict- ment, or a declaration in pleading. 242 cou cou -~n6, m6ve, nSr, n&t ; — tube, tfib, bull ; — 611 ; — pSund 5 — thm, this. COUNT, k6unt. n. s. [cornte, Fr.] A title of foreign nobility ; supposed equivalent to an earl. Blackstone. COUNTABLE, k6un'-ta-bl. a. That which may be numbered. Spenser. COUNTENANCE^ kdfin'-te-nanse. n. s. [ccmte- nance, Fr.J The form of the face; the system of the features. Air ; look. Sidney. Calmness of look. Dryden. Confidence of mien ; aspect of assurance. Sidney. Kindness or ill-will, as it appears upon the face. Spenser. Patronage ; support. Hooker. Superficial appearance ; show. Ascham. To COUNTENANCE, kd&n'-te-nanse. v. a. To support. Exodus. To make a show of. Spenser. To keep up any appearance. Shakspeare. To en- courage. Wotton. COUNTENANCER, koan'-te-nan-sur. n. s. One that countenances another. Beaumont and Fletcher. COUNTER, kdun'-tur. 98. n. s. A false piece of mo- ney used as a means of reckoning. Shak. Money, in contempt. Shak. The table on which goods are viewed in a shop. Dryden. A box for cash. Coles. A reckoner. Sherwood. Encounter; trial of skill. Spenser. An auditor. Robert of Gloucester. That part of a horse's forehead that lies between the shoulder and under the neck. Farrier's Diet. COUNTER*, kdun'-tur. n. s. A name of some pris- ons in London. Shakspeare. COTJNTER, k6&n'-tur. ad. [contra, Lat.] Contrary to. South. Contrarily to the right course. Shak. Contrary ways. Locke. The face, in opposition to the back. Sandys. This word is often found in composition, and may be placed before either nouns or verbs used in a sense of opposition. To COUNTERACT S, kdun-tfir-akt'. v. a. To hin- der anything by contrary agency. Smth. COUNTERACTION*, koun-t&r-ak'-shun. n.s. Op- position. Johnson. COUNTERATTRA'CTION*, kofin-tur-at-trak'- shfln. n. s. Opposite attraction. To COUNTERBALANCES, koun-tur-baF-lanse. v. a. To weigh against. Boyle. {KP We may observe, in words compounded of counter, an evident tendency to that distinction that obtains be- tween the noun and the verb in dissyllables. Thus the verb to counterbalance has the accent on the third syl- lable, and the noun of the same form on the first, and so ef the rest. 492. W COUNTERBALANCE, kofin'-tur-bal-lanse. n. s. Opposite weight ; equivalent power. Dryden. COUNTERBO'ND*, kd&n'-tur-bdnd. n. s. A coun- ter-surety. Sherwood. To COUNTERBUFFS, k6nn-tur-buf. v. a. To im- pel in a direction opposite to the former impulse. Dryden. CO'UNTERBUFF, kdun'-tfir-buf. n. s. A blow in a contrary direction. Sidney. CO'UNTERCASTS*, kdun'-t&r-kast. n. s. A trick; delusive contrivance. Spenser. CO'UNTERCASTER,k6iW-tur-kas-tur. n.s. An arithmetician ; a book-keeper. Sfiakspeare. CO'UNTERCHANGES, koun'-tfir-tshanje. n. s. [contreclwnge, Fr.] Exchange ; reciprocation. Shak. To COUNTERCHANGE, koun-tfir-tshanje'. v. a. To exchange. J. Hall. COUNTERCHARMS, k6.V-tur-tsharm. n.s. That bv which a charm is dissolved. Scott. 7VCO'UNTERCHARM, koiV-tfir-tsharm. v. a. To destroy the effect of an enchantment. Lord Falk- land. To COUNTERCHECKS, koun-t&r-tshek'. v. a. To oppose. Drayton. COUNTERCHECK, ko&n'-tur-tshgk. n.s. Stop; rebuke. Shakspeare. COUNTERDISTFNCTION*, kSun-tur-dls-tlngk'- shun. n. s. Contradistinction. More. To COUNTERDRA'W, koun-t&r-draw'. v. a. To copy a design by means of an oiled paper, whereon the strokes appearing through are traced with a pencil. Chambers. COUNTERE'VIDENCE,kSun-uV-ev'-e-dense.n.s. Testimony by which the deposition of some former witness is opposed. Glaninlle. COUNTERFA'ISANCE*. See Counterfesance To COUNTERFEIT^, koun'-tur-fit. v. a. [contre /aire, Fr.] To forge. Sfiak. To imitate j to copy Shakspeare. To COUNTERFEIT*, k&un'-tfir-flt. v. n. To feign Shakspeare. COUNTERFEIT, kdun'-tur-fil. a. Forged; ficti- tious. Milton. Deceitful; hypocritical. Roscomnwn, COUNTERFEIT, koun'-tur-fit. n. s. One who per- sonates another; an impostor. Spenser. A forgery. Shak. A resemblance ; a likeness ; a copy. Shak, COUNTERFEITER, koun'-tur-flt-ur. n. s. A for- ger. Camden. An impostor. Sherwood. CO'UNTERFEITLY, k6un'-tur-flt-le. ad. Falsely; fictitiously. Shakspeare. COUNTERFE'RMENT, koun-t&r-feV-ment. n. s. Ferment opposed to ferment. Addison. COUNTERFEASANCE, kc-un-tfir-fe'-zanse. n. s. [contrefaisance, Fr.] The act of counterfeiting ; for- gery. Spenser. Ob. J. COUNTERFORT, k6un'-tur-f6rt. n.s. Pillars serv- ing to support walls or terraces. Chambers. COUNTERGA'GE, kotW-tur-gaje. n.s. A method, to measure the joints by transferring the breadth of a mortise to the place where the tenon is to be. Chambers. COUNTERGUA'RD, koun'-t&r-gard. 92. n.s. A small rampart with a parapet and ditch. Military Diet. To COUNTERFNFLUENCE*, k6un'-tur-m'-flu- 6nse. v. a. To hinder any thing by contrary influ ence. Scott. COUNTERLIBRA'TION*. See Libration. COUNTERLFGHT, k6un'-tur-llte. n.s. A light op- posite to any thing, which makes it appear to a dis- advantage. Clnxmbers. To COUNTERMANDS, kSun-tfir-mind'. 79. v. a. [contremander, Fr.] To order the contrary to what was ordered before. South. To oppose the orders of another. Hooker. To prohibit. Harvey. COUNTERMAND, k6un^-t6r-mand. n.s. Repeal of a former order. Shakspeare. To COUNTERMARCH S, koun-tur-mirtsh'. [See Counterbalance.] v.n. To march backward. COUNTERMARCH, koun'-tur-martsh. n. s. Retro- cession; march backward. Collier. Change of measures. Burnet. COUNTERMARKS, ko&n'-tur-mark. n.s. A sec- ond or third mark put on a bale of goods. The mark of the goldsmiths' company. An artificial cavity made in the teeth of horses. A mark added to a medal a long time after it is struck. Chambers. To COUNTERMARK, k6un-tur-mark'. v.a. A horse is said to be countermarked when his corner teeth are artificially made hollow. Farrier's Diet. COUNTERMFNES, kS&n'-tur-mlne. n. s A well or hole sunk into the ground, from which a gallery or branch runs out under ground, to seek out the ene- my's mine. Military Diet. Means of opposition. Sidney. A stratagem by which any contrivance is defeated. L'Estrange. To COUNTERMFNE, koun-tfir-mW. v.a. To delve a passage into an enemy's mine. To coun- terwork. Donne. COUNTERMO TION, kSun-tur-mo'-shun. n. s. Con trary motion. Digby. COUNTERMO' VEMENT*, k&un-r&r-m56v'-ment. n. s. A manner of moving in opposition to another movement. COLNTERMURES,k6un'-tur-mure. n.s. [contre- mur, Fr.] A wall built up behind another wall, to supply its place. Knolles. To COUNTERMURE*, k6un-tur-mure'. v.a. To fortify with a countermure. Kyd. COUNTERNA'TURAL, kdun-tur-natsh'-u-ral. a Contrary to nature. Harvey. COUNTERNOISE, koun'-tfir-noeze. n. s. A sound by which any noise is overpowered. Calamy. COUNTEROPENING, kSun-tur-i'-pn-lng. n.s. An aperture or vent on the contrary side. Sliarp. CO'UNTERPACE, k6un'-tur-pase. n.s. Contjai* measure to any scheme. Swift. cou cou [p 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pfnj- CO'UNTERPANE, kfl&n'-tfir-p&ne. n. 5. [cwrf«- /wm*, Fr.] A coverlet for a bed. One part of a pair of deeds. B. Jonson. COUNTERPART, k6un'-tur-part. n. s. The cor- respondent part. Hale. COUNTERPETFTION $*, koan-tur-pe-tfsh'-nn. n. s. A petition against another petition. Clarendon. To COUNTERPETFTION*, kS&n'-tur-pe-tlsh'-un. v. n. To petition against another petition. COUNTERPLEA, kdiV-tfir-ple. n. s. [In law.] A replication. Cowel. To COUNTERPLOT §, kSun-tur-pl6t'. v.a. To op- pose one machination by another. More. COUNTERPLO'T, kdfln'-l&r-pl&t. n. s. An artifice opposed to an artifice. V Estrange. COUNTERPLOTTING*, k6fin-t&r-pl6t' ? i%. n . s. The act of opposing. South. COUNTERPOINTS, koun'-lur-polnt n.s. [con- irappunto, Ital.] The art of composing harmony. See Contrapuntist. Mason. COUNTERPOINT, kdfin'-tfir-p6fnt. n. s. A cover- let woven in squares, commonly spoken counter- pane. Shakspeare. COUNTERPOINT*, koun'-tur-pofnt. n. s. An op- posite point or course. Sir E. Sandys. To COUNTERPOISES, k6un-tur-p6eze'. v. a. To counterbalance; to act against with equal weight, Shak. To produce a contrary action by an equal weight. Wilkins. COUNTERPOISE, koun'-tur-pSeze. n.s. Equipon- derance ; equivalence of weight. Shak. The state of being placed in the opposite scale of the balance. Stilton. Equivalence of power. Bacon. COUNTERPOISON, k6fin-tur-p6e / -zn. n.s. Anti- dote to poison. Arbuthnoi. COUNTERPRA'CTICE*, kSun'-tur-prfik'-tk n. s. Practice in opposition. Proceedings against Garnet. COUNTERPRE'SSURE, kdftn-tur-preW-ure. n. s. Opposite force. Blackmore. COUNTERPROJECT, kMn4fir-pr£d'-jekt. n. s. Correspondent part of a scheme. Swift. To COUNTERPROVE, k6un-u!ir-pro0ve'. v. a. To take off a design in black lead, or red chalk, through the rolling press, with another piece of pa- per, both being moistened with a sponge. Cham- bers. COUNTER-REVOLU'TION*, k6un-*ur-rev-6-lu'- shun. n. s. A revolution succeeding another, and opposite to it. To COUNTERRO'L $. See Control. COUNTERRO'LMENT. kdfin-tftr-r6ie'-ment. n. s. A counter account, eontrolmeit. Bacon. COUNTERSCARP*, kdfin'-tfir-skarf. ) n. s. [In CO/UNTERSCARP, koun'-tur-skarp. ] fortifica- tion.] That side of the ditch which is next the camp. Harris. COUNTERSCU'FFLE*, kdun-tur-skuP-fl. n. s. Conflict ; contest. Hewyt. To CO'UNTERSEAL*, ko&n'-tur-sele. v. a. To seal together with others. SJmkspeare. To COUNTERSECU'RE*, k6un-tur-se-kure'. v. a. To render more secure by corresponding means. Burke. CO'UNTERSENSE*, k6un'-t&r-sense. n.s. Oppo- site meaning. Howell. To COUNTERSIGN §, kSun-tur-slne'. v. a. To sign an order or patent of a superiour, in quality of secre- tary, to render it more authentick. Chambers. COUNTERSIGN*, kfl&n'-tfir-slne. n.s. A military expression, denoting the watch-word of the day. CO'UNTERSIGNAL*, koun'-tur-sig-nal. n. s. A corresponding signal : a naval term. CO UNTERSNARL*, kd&n'-t&r-snarl. n. s. Snarl in defence, or opposition. Burton. OOUNTERSTA'TUTE*, koun-t&r-stat'-tshute. w. s. A contradictory ordinance. Milton. COUNTERSTROKE*, k6un-t5r-str6ke. n.s. A stroke returned. Spenser. COUNTERSU'RETY*, kS&n-tur-shure'-te. n. s. A counter-bond to a surety. Slierwood. CO'UNTERSWAY*, ko&n'-tur-swa. n. s. Opposite influence, or direction. Milton. COUNTERTALLY*, kSurZ-tur-tal'-le. n. s. One ol the two tallies on which anything is scored. COUNTERTA'STE*, koun-tfii-u'iste'. n.s. False taste. Shenstone. COUNTERTENOR, koun-t&r-ten'-nur. n. s. One of the mean or middle parts of musick ; so called, as it were, opposite to the tenor. Hanis. CO/UNTERT1DE, koun'-tur-tide. n.s. Contrary tide ; fluctuations of the water. Dryden. CO'UNTERTIME, koun'-tur-dme. n. s. [contretemps, Fr.] The defence or resistance of a horse, that in- tercepts his cadence, and the measure of his man age. Farriers Diet. Defence ; opposition. Dryd>n. COUNTERWRN, k6un'-tur-turn. n.s. The height and full growth of the play, which destroys expec- tation. Dryden. To COUNTERVAIL $, kSun-tfir-vale', v.a. [contra and valeo, Lat.] To be equivalent to ; to have equal force or value. Hooker. COTJNTERVAIL, koun'-rur-vale. n. s. Equal weight. Equal value with something else. South. COUNTERVIEW, kdtW-tur-vu. n.s. Opposition; a posture in which two persons front each other. Milton. Contrast ; a position in which two dissimi- lar things illustrate each other. Swift. To COUNTERVOTE*, k6un-tur-v6te'. v. a. To oppose ; to outvote. Scott. To COUNTERWEIGH*, k6un-tur-wa'. v. n. To weigh against. Ascham. To COUNTERWHEEL*, k6un-t&r-hweel'. v. a. To make to wheel, or move backwards and forwards : a military phrase. Lovelace. CO'UNTERYVIND^kaun'-tur-wmd. n.s. Contrary wind. To CO'UNTERWORK, kofin-tiVwurk'. v.a. To counteract. B. Jonson. COUNTESS, kSun'-tes. n. s. [comtesse, Fr.] . The lady of an earl or count. Shakspeare. COUNTING-HOUSE, kounMmg-h6use. n.s. The room appropriated to books and accounts. Locke. CO'UNTLESS, kountMes. a. Innumerable. Shak. COUNTRIFIED*, kfin'-tre-flde. a. Rustick; rude. Grose. COUNTRY $, kun'-lre. n. s. [centre, Fr.] A tract of land; a region. The parts of a region distant from cities or courts. Cowley. The place which any man inhabits. Shak. The place of one's birth ; the native soil. Sprat. The inhabitants of any region. Shakspeare. COUNTRY, kfin'-tre. a. Rustick ; rural. Locke. Of an interest opposite to that of courts ; as, the country party. Peculiar to a region or people. 2 Mace. Rude; ignorant. Dryden.. COUNTRY-DANCE*, kun'-tre-danse. n.s. A well- known kind of dance. COUNTRYMAN, kiV-tre-man. 88. n. s. One born in the same country. Locke. A rustick. GraunL A farmer ; a husbandman. L' Estrange. CO'UNTY §, kotV-te. n. s. [comte, Fr.] A shire; a circuit or portion of the realm. Cowel. An earl dom. Spenser. A count; a lord. Shakspeare. COUNTY-COURT*, kfiun'-te-kirte. n. s. A court incident to the jurisdiction of the sheriff. Blackstonc. COUP DE MAIN, k&6-de-mane'. n. s. [Fr.] A military expression, denoting an instantaneous, un- expected, generally desperate attack. COUP D' DELL, kSo-dale'. n.s. [Fr.] The first view of any thing ; a slight view of it. CO UPE'E, koS-pee'. n. s. [Fr.] A motion in dano- ing. Chambers. COUPING-GLASS*. See Cupping-glass. CO'UPLABLE, kup'-pla-bl. a. Fit to be coupled with. Cotgrare. CO'UPLE$, kup'-pl. 314 - [ See To Codle.] n.s [couple, Fr.] A chain or tie that holds dogs togeth- er. Shak. Two ; a brace. Sidney. A male and his female. Shakspeare. To COUPLE, kflp'-pl. 405. v. a. To chain together. Shak. To join one to another. Sidney. To mar- ry; to join in wedlock. Sidney. To COUPLE, kup'-pl. v.n. To join in embrace* Bacon. 244 cou COU — n6, m5ve, n5r, not ;- -tube , tfib, bull ;— 6ll ; — pSfind , — thin, THis. COOJPLE-BEGGAR, kfip'-pl-beg-fir. n. s. One that makes it his business to many beggars to each other. Swift. COMPLEMENT*, kup'-pl-m£nt. n.s. Union. Spen ser. COUPLET, kfip'-l^t. n.s. [Fr.] Two verses 3 a pair of rhymes. Sidney. A pair, as of doves. Shakspeare. COUPLING*, kup'-llng. n. s. A junction. 2 Chron. Junction in embrace. Hale. COURAGES, kdr'-rfdje. 90. n.s. [courage, Fr.] Bravery; active fortitude; spirit of enterprise. Shakspeare. To CO'URAGE* kur'-ridje. «. a. To encourage. HuloeL COURAGEOUS, kur-ra'-je-us. a. Brave ; daring. Amos. Ludicrously for oictra^eous. Shakspeare. COURAGEOUSLY, kur-ra'-je-fis-le. ad. Bravely. 2 Chron, COURA'GEOUSNESS^ur-ra'-je-us-ngs. n.s. Bra- very ; boldness. 2 Mace. COURANT, kfir-rant'. \n. s. [Fr.] A nimble COURA'NTO, kur-ran'-to. \ dance. Shak. Any thing that spreads quick, as a paper of news. B. Jonson. See Co ra n t . To COURB, koorb. v. n. {courbar,' Fr.] To bend. Sliakspeare. COURB*, k66rb. a. Crooked. Gower. See Corb. COURIER, k66'-reer. 275. n. s. A messenger sent in haste ; an express. Sliakspeare. §£p This word is perfectly French, and often makes a plain Englishman the object of laughter to the polite world by pronouncing it like currier, a dresser of leather. W. COURSES, k6rse. 318. n,s. [cursus, Lat.] Race; career. Cowley. Passage from place to place ; progress. Acts. Tilt ; act of running in the lists. Sidney. Ground on which a race is run. Track or line in which a ship sails, or any motion is per- formed. Sail ; means by which the course is per- formed. Raleigh. Progress from one gradation to s»iother. Waits. Order of succession ; as, Every one in his course. 1 Chron. Stated and orderly method. Shak. Series of successive and methodical procedure. Wiseman. The elements of an art ex- hibited in a methodical series. Cliambers. Con- duct ; manner of proceeding. Knolles. Method of life 3 train of actions. Sidney. Natural bent. Temple. Catamenia. Harvey. Orderly structure. James. [In architecture.] A continued range of stones, level or of the same height, throughout the whole length of a building. Series of consequen- ces. Number of dishes set on at once upon the table. Sluxk. Regularity; settled rule. Empty form. L'Estrange. The running of dogs upon bears. Sluxk. — Of course. By consequence. Locke. Of course. Bv settled rule. Garth. To COURSE, korse. v. a. To hunt ; to pursue. Shak. To pursue with dogs that hunt in view. Congreve. To put to speed. May. To COURSE, k6rse. v.n. To run; to rove about. Sluikspeare. CO'URSER, kir'-sur. n.s, A swift horse; a war- horse. Spenser. One who pursues the sport of coursing hares. Beaumont and Fletcher. A dispu- tant. A. Wood. CO'URSEY*, k&r'-se. n, s. Part of the hatches in a galley. Sherwood,' CO'URSING*, kor'-slng. n,s. The sport of hunting with greyhounds. Bacon. COURT§, k6rte. 318. n. s. [cupfc, Sax.] The place where the prince resides; tire palace. Spenser. The hall or chamber where justice is administered. Slutk. Open space before a house. Bacon. A small opening enclosed with houses, and paved with broad stones, distinguished from a street. Persons who compose the retinue of a prince. Temple. Persons assembled for the administration of justice. Toiler. Any jurisdiction, military, civil, or eccle- siastical. Shakspeare. The art ot pleasing. Spen- ser. COURT qf Guard*. The guard-room of soldiers. 18 Sliakspeare. They who compose the guard. Par thencia Sacra, To COURT, korte. v. a. Tt woo ; to solicit a wo man to marriage. B. Jonson. To solicit ; to seek. Locke. To natter ; to endeavour to please. COURT-BARON*, korte-bar'-run. n. s. A court in- cident to every manor in the kingdom, and holden by the steward. Blackstone. COURT-BREEDING*, k6rle-breed'-?ng. n. s. Edu- cation at court. Milton, COURT-BUBBLE*, korte-bub'-bl. n.s. The trifle of a court. Bjeaumord and Fletclier. COURT-CARD*, korte'-kard. See Coat-card. COURT-CHAPLAIN, korte-tshap'-lin. n. s. One who attends the king to celebrate the holy offices. Swift. COURT-CUPBOARD*, k6rte-kfib'-burd. n.s. The side-board of ancient days. Sliakspeare, COURT-DAY, k6rte-da ; . n, s. Day on which jus- tice is administered. Arbuthnot. COURT-DRESS*, korte-dreV. n. s. The dress in which a Derson appears at court. COURT-DRESSER, kdrte-dres'-sur. n,s. A flatter- er. Locke. COURT-FASHION*, korte-f ash'-un. n. s. What is observed at court. Fuller. COURT-FAVOUR, k6rte-fa'-vur. n. s. Favours be- stowed by princes. L'Estrange. COURT-HAND, k&rte'-hand. n. s. The hand or man ner of writing used in records and judicial proceecr ings. Shakspeare. COURT-LADY, k6rte-la/-de. n.s. A lady conver- sant or emploj'ed in court. Locke, COURT-LEET* korte'-leet. n. s. [court and leobe, or leub, Sax.] A court of record, held once in the year, within a particular hundred, lordship, or manor, before the steward of the leet. Blackstone. COURT-MARTIAL*, korte-mar'-shai. n.s. A court appointed to investigate military offences. COURTEOUS, kur'4she-us. 314. a. [courtois, Fr.] Elegant of manners; polite. Shakspeare. COURTEOUSLY, kur'-tshe-us-le. ad. Respectful- ly; civilly. Wbtton. CCURTEOUSNESS, kur'-tshe-us-nes. n. s. Civili- ty; complaisance. CO TJRTER* k6rte'-ur. n. s. He who wooes or so- licits women. Shencood. CO'URTESAN, or COURTEZAN, kur-te-zar_ . 523. n. s, [couriisane, Fr.] A woman of the town. Shakspeare. COURTESY§, kur'-te-s^. n.s. [courloisie, Fr.] Ele- gance of manners ; civility. Spenser. An act of civility or respect. Shak. A tenure, not of right, but by the favour of others. COOJRTESY, kftrt'-se, 71. s. The reverence made by women. Dryden. {fCT This word, when it signifies an act of reverence, is not only deprived of one of its syllables by all speakers, but, by the vulgar, has its last syllable changed into cht or tshe, as if written curt-she : this impropriety, how- ever, seems daily to lose ground, even among the lower orders of the people, who begin to restore the s to its pure sound. W. To CO'URTESY, kurt'-se. v.n. To perform an act of reference. Shak. To make a reverence in the maimer of ladies. Prior. ZfcMTJO'URTESY*, kurt'-se. v. a. To treat with courtesy. Sir R. Williams. COURTIER, korte'-yur. 113. n. s. One that fre- quents the courts of princes. Shakspeare. One that courts the favour of another. Shakspeare. CO'URTffiRY*, korte'-yur-e. n. s. The manners of a courtier. B. Jonson. CO'URTINE. See Curtain. COTJRTLIKE, k6rte / -llke. a. Elegant; polite. Camden. COURTLINESS, k6rte'-le-nes. n.s. Elegance of manners. Ld. Digby. CO'URTLING, k6rte'-lfng. n. s. A retainer to a court. B. Jonson. CO'URTLY, k6rte'-le. a. Relating to the court; ele- gant; soft. Spenser. CO'URTLY, k6rte'-le. ad. Elegantly. Dryden, cov cow O 3 559.-Fate, fir, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n j- COURTSHIP, k6rle'-sh!p. n. s. The act of solicit- ing favour. More. The solicitation of a woman to marriage. Shak. Civility ; elegance of maimers. Donne. CO'USIN §, kuz'-zn. 314, 159. n.s. [cousin, Fr.] Any one collaterally related more remotely than a brother or sister; a kinsman. j$>/ia&. A title given by the king to a nobleman, particularly to those of the council. Shakspeare. CO'USIN*, kuz'-zn. a. Allied; kindred. Chaucer. COUTH*. See Uncouth. CO'UTEAU*, koo-to'. n.s. [Fr. a knife.] A hanger. COVE §, k6ve. n. 5. [covum, Lat.] A small creek or bay. A shelter; a cover. To COVE*, k6ve. v. a. To arch over. Swinburne. CO'VENABLE* kfiv'-e-na-bl. a. [covenable, old Fr.] Fit ; suitable. Wicliffe. CO'VENABLY*, k&v'-e-na-ble. ad. Fitly; properly. Archceol. CO'VENANT §, kfiv'-e-nant. 166,503. n.s. [cove- nans, old Fr.] A contract ; a stipulation. Milton. An agreement on certain terms. Hammond. A writing containing the terms of agreement. Shak. To CO'VENANT, kfiv'-e-nant. v. n. To bargain. Spenser. To agree with another on certain terms. St. Matthew. To CO'VENANT*, kfiv'-e-nant. v. a. To contract; to stipulate, flagged. COVENANTEE, kfiv-e-nan-tee'. n. s. A party to a covenant. Ayliffe. CO'VENANTER, kfiv'-e-nan-tfir. n. s. One who takes a covenant. Sir H. Wotton. CO'VENOUS, kfiv'-e-nfis. a. [from covin.-] Fraudu- lent; collusive; trickish. Bacon. COWENT* k&v'-ent. n.s. [old Ft. covent, fox convent : Covent Garden is supposed to mean a garden that belonged to a convent.] A convent, or monastery. Bale. TbCO'VERS, kfiv'-fir. 165. v. a. [cmvrir, Fr.] To overspread any thing. Psalms. To conceal under something laid over. Milton. To hide by superfi- cial appearances. To overwhelm ; to bury. Watts. To conceal from notice or punishment. 1 Pet. To shelter ; to protect. Cowley. To incubate ; to brood on. Addison. To copulate with a female. To wear the hat, as a mark of superiority, or inde- pendence. Dry den.. COWER, kuv'-ur. 93. n. s. Any thing that isr laid over another. Bacon. A concealment ; a screen ; a veil. Collier. Shelter; defence from weather. Clarendon. [In hunting.] Shelter ; retreat, where the fox or hare is supposed to be. CO'VERCLE*,kfiv'-fir-kl. n.s. [couvercle, Fr.] A lid or cover. Sir T. Brown. CO'VERCHIEF*, kfiv'-fir-tshlf. n.s. [couvrechef, Fr.] A covering for the head. Chavcer. Ob. T. CO'VERER*, kfiv'-fir-ur. n. s. That which covers. CO'VER-SHAME, kfiv'-fir-shame. n. s. Some ap- pearance used to conceal infamy. Dryden. CO'VERSLUT*, kfiv'-ur-slut. n. s. An appearance to hide sluttishness. Burke. CO'VERING, kfiv'-fir-ing. n. s. Dress ; vesture. 2 Samuel. CO'VERLET, kuv'-fir-let. 99. n. s. [couvrelict, Fr.] The outermost of the bedclothes. Spenser. CO' VERT, kfiv'-firt. 98. n. s. A shelter ; a defence. Isaiah. A thicket, or hiding place. Sliakspeare. CO'VERT, kfiv'-firt. a. Sheltered; not exposed. Private ; insidious. Shakspeare. CO'VERT, kuv'-urt. a. The state of a woman shelter- ed by marriage ; as, covert baron, feme coveH. Druden. CO'VERT- WAY, kfiv'-firt- wa'. n.s. [In fortifica- tion.] A space of ground level with the field, three or four fathom broad, ranging quite round the half moons, or other works toward the country. Harris. CCVERTLY, kfiv'-firt-le. ad. Secretly; closely. Spenser. CCVERTNESS, kfiv'-firt-nes. n.s. Secrecy. Diet. CO'VFRTURE, kfiv'-fir-tshfire. n.s. Shelter; de- fence. Bacon. The estate and condition of a mar- vied woman, who is disabled to contract with any without her husband's allowance or confirmation Cowel. To CO'VET $, kfiv'-et. 99. v. a. [couvoiter, Fr.] To desire inordinately. Sliakspeare. To CO'VET, kftv'-et. v. n. To have a strong desire 1 Timothy. CO'VETABLE, kfiv'-ct-a-bl. a. To be wished for Sherwood. CO'VETING*, kuv'-et-ing. n. s. Inordinate desire. Shakspeare. CO'VETINGLY* kfiv'-eV?ng-le. ad. Eagerly. B. Jonson. CO'VETISE, kuv'-el-k n.s. Avarice; covetous- ness. Spenser. Ob. J. CO'VETOUS, kfiv'-e-tfis. a. Inordinately desirous. Dryden. Avaricious. 2 Peter. Desirous ; eager. Shakspeare. $5= In the pronunciation of this word and its compounds Mr. Sheridan has adopted a vulgarism, of which one could scarcely have suspected him : but pronouncing covetshus for covetous is not only a vulgarism, but con- trary to analogy. All those diphthongs and diphthon- gal vowels, which draAv the preceding consonants to as- piration, are such as commence with the sound of e ; which, from its nearness to the sound of double e, and the nearness of this sound to the commencing sound of y, approaches to the hissing sound of s, z, and soft c, and, in the absence of accent, coalesces with them. T and d, being formed in the same seat of sound as the s, z, and soft c, when the accent is before them, easily slide into the same sound before similar vowels, but never before any other : for we might, with as much propriety, pronounce calamitous and necessitous, cn- lamitshus and necessitshus, as covetous, covetskus 459. W. CO'VETOUSLY, kfiv'-ve-tfis-Ie. ad. Avariciously eagerly. Shakspeare. CO'VETOUSNESS, kfiv'-ve-tfis-nes. n.s. Avarice. Bp. Taylor. Eagerness ; desire. Shakspeare. CO'VEY, kfiv'-ve. 165. n. s. [couvee, Fr.] A hatch ; an old bird with her young ones. A number of birds together. Addison. CO'VIN, ) , * / ? {n.s. A deceitful agreement CO'VINE, S ? between two or more, to the hurt of another. Cowel. CO'VING, k6'-v?ng. n. s. A term in building, used of houses that project over the ground-plot. Harris. CQW$, k6u. 323. n. s. [In the plural, anciently, kine or keen, now commonly cows ; cu, Sax.] The female of the bull. Bacon. COW*, k6u. n. s. The moving top of the chimney of a hop-oast, or kiln. Pegge. To COW, k6fi. v. a. [kufwa, Su.] To depress with fear. Shakspeare. COW-HERD, kdfi'-herd. n. s. [cu-bep.de, Sax.] One whose occupation is to tend cows. COW-HOUSE, kSfi'-hSuse. n. s. The house in which kine are kept. Mortimer. COW-ITCH*. See Couhage. COW-LEECH, k6u'-letsh. n. s. One who professes to cure distempered cows. To COW-LEECH, k6u'-letsh. v. n. To profess '0 cure cows. Mortimer. COW-POCK f, kSfi'-p&k. n. s. An eruption from the teats of a cow; said to be an infallible preservative from the small pox. COW- WEED, kSu'-wede. n. s. A species of chervil COW-WHEAT, kou'-hwete. n. s. A plant. CO'WARD §, kfifi'-fird. 83,323. n. s. [couard, Fr.] A poltron, whose predominant passion is fear. Sidneij. It is sometimes used in the manner of an adjective. Shakspeare. CO'WARD*. kofi'-fird. a. Dastardly. Spenser. To CO'WARD*, k6&'-fird. v. a. To make timorous or cowardly. Shakspeare. CO'WARDICE, kSiV-ur-dk 142. n.s. Fear; habit- ual timidity. Spenser. To CO'WARDIZE*, kSfi'-fir-dlze. v. a. To render cowardly. Scott. CO'WAR'DLIKE* kou'-urd-llke. a. Resembling a coward. Beaumont and Fletcher. CO'WARDLINESS, kSfi'-fird-le-nes. n. s. Timidi ty ; cowardice. Bp. Hall. $46 CRA CRA -nft, move, n6r, not 5— tube, tab, bull ;— Sfl ;— pound ;— th'm, this. COWARDLY, kSiV-urd-le. a. Fearful; timorous. Bacon.. Mean. Shakspeare. COWARDLY, k6a'-6rd-le. ad. Meanly; vilely. Knolles. COWARDOUS*, kSfi'-ard-fis. a. Cowardly. Bar- ret. Ob. T. CO'WARDSHIP, kou'-urd-sh?p. n. s. The qualities of a coward. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To COWER*, kou'-fir. 223. v. n. [cwmon, Welsh.] To sink by bending the knees ; to stoop. Bacon. To COWER*, kSu-ur. v. a. [couvre, old Fr.] To cherish by care. Spenser. COWISH, kM'-lsh. a. [from To cow.] Timorous ; fearful. Shakspeare. COWKEEPER, kou'-ke-pfir. n.s. One whose busi- ness is to keep cows. Broome. COWL*, koul. 323. n.s. [cu^le, Sax.] A monk's hood. Camden. A vessel in which water is carried on a pole between two. Wood. COWL-STAFF, k5ul'-slaf. n.s. The staff on which a vessel is supported between two men. Suck- ling. COWLED*, kSuld. a. Wearing a cowl. Slienstcme. COWLIKE*, k&u'-llke. a. Resembling a cow. Pope. COWORKER, ko-wurk'-ur. n. s. One engaged in the same work ; fellow-labourer. Gregory. COWSLIP, kdfi'-slip. n.s. [cu r hppe,^Sax.] A spe- cies of primrose. Miller. COWS-LUNGWORT, kouz-lfing'-wurt. n.s. A spe- cies of mullein. COXCOMB*, k&ks'-kome. n. s. The top of the head. Shak. The comb resembling that of a cock, which licensed fools wore formerly in their caps. Sliak. A fop; a superficial pretender to knowledge or accomplishments. Shak. A kind of red flower. COXCOMBLY*, k6ks'-k6me-le. a. Like a cox- comb. Beaumont and Fletcher. CO'XCOMBRYt, koks'-k6me-re. n.s. Foppishness. Lady Mary W. Montague. COXCO'MICAL, k&ks-k&m'-Ik-al. a. Foppish ; con- ceited. Dennis. COY*, k8e. a. [coy, old Fr.] Modest; decent. Chaucer. Reserved; not accessible. Spenser: 5ToCOY, k6e. 329. v.n. To behave with reserve. Dryclen. To make difficulty; not to condescend willingly. Shalcspeare. To COY, koe. v. a. [for decoy.] To allure ; to flatter. Shakspeare. COYISH*, koe'-?sh. a. Modest ; reserved. COYLY, koe'-le. ad. With reserve. Chapman. COYNESS, kSe'-nes. n. s. Reserve. Walton. COYSTREL. See Coistrel. COZ, kuz. n. s. A cant word for cousin. Slmkspeare. To CO'ZEN*, kuz'-zn. v. a. To cheat; to trick. Spenser. COZENAGE, kuz'-zn-aje. 90. n.s. Fraud; deceit. Shakspeare. COZENER, kuz'-zn-ur. 98. n.s. A cheater; a de- frauder. Shakspeare. COZIER*^ See Cosier. CRAB*, krab. n.s. [cpabba, Sax.] A crustaceous fish. Bacon. A wild apple. Shak. A peevish, morose person. A wooden engine with three claws for launching of ships. Phillips. The sign in the zodiack. Creech. CRAB, krab. a. Any sour or degenerate fruit. Bp. Hall. To CRAB*, krab. v. a. To sour ; to render peevish. Glamrille. CRA'BBED, krab'-bgd. 366. a. Peevish ; morose. Spenser. Harsh; unpleasing. SJwJcspeare. Diffi- cult ; perplexing. Hudibras. CRA'BBEDLY/krab'-bed-ie. a. Peevishly. Barret. CRA'BBEDNESS, krarZ-bed-nes. n. s. Sourness of taste. Sourness of countenance ; asperity of man- ners. Beaumont and Fletcher. Difficulty ; perplex- ity. Howell. CRABBY*, krab'-be. a. Difficult; perplexing. Marston. CRA'BER, kra'-bur. n. s. The water-rat. Walton. CRABS-EYES, krabz'-lze. n.s. Whitish bodies, produced by the common crawfish, and used in medicine. Hill. CRACK*, krak. n.s. \crac, Fr.] A sudden disrup tion, by which the parts are separated but a little way from each other. A narrow breach. Wise- man. The sound of any body bursting. Sliak. Any sudden and quick sound. Shak. Change of the voice in puberty. Shak. Breach of chastity Sliak. Craziness of intellect. A man crazed. Ad dison. A whore : in low language. A boast. Bin-ton. An instant : a low phrase. A lad. Shak. To CRACK, krak. v. a. To break into chinks. Morti- mer. To break ; to split. Shak. To do any tiling with quickness or smartness. B. Jonson. To break or destroy any thing. Shak. To craze. Bacon. To CRACK, krak. v.n. To burst; to open in chinks. Boyle. To fall to ruin. Dryden. To utter a loud and sudden sound. Sliak. To boast. Shak. CRACK-BRAINED, krak-brand'. 359. a. Crazy. Howell. CRACK-HEMP, krak'-hemp. n. s. A wretch fated to the gallows. Shakspeai e. CRACK-ROPE, krak'-r6pe. n.s. A fellow that de- serves hanging. CRA'CKER, krak'-fir. n. s. A noisy, boasting fellow. Shak. A quantity of gunpowder confined so as to burst with great noise. Beaumont and Fletcher. That which cracks or breaks a thing. B. Jonson. To CRA CKLE, krak'-kl. 405. v.n. To make slight cracks 3 to make small and frequent noises. Bonne. CRA'CKLING*, krak'-ling. «. s. A small but fre- quent noise. Eccles. CRA'CKNEL, krak'-nel.n.s. [craquelin, Fr.] A hard, brittle cake. Spenser. CRA'DLE *, kra'-dl. 405. n. s. [cpadel, Sax.] A movable bed, on which children are agitated with a smooth and equal motion, to make them sleep. Shak. Infancy, or the first part of life. Spenser [With surgeons.] A case for a broken bone. [With shipwrights.] A frame of timber raised along the - outside of a ship to help to launch her. Harris. An instrument used in scraping mezzotintoes. Chambers. A part added to a sithe, to gather the corn into swaths. Cfiambers. To CRA'DLE, kra'-dl. v. a. To lay or rock in a cradle. Glanville. To CRA'DLE*, kra'-dl. v. n. To lodge as in a cradle. Shakspeare. CRADLE-CLOTHES, kra'-dl-kttze. n.s. Bed- clothes belonging to a cradle. Shakspeare. CRAFT*, kraft. 79. n.s. [cpsepfc, Sax.] Manual art ; trade. Wotton. Art ; dexterity. B. Jonson. Fraud ; cunning. Shakspeare. Small sailing vessels. To CRAFT, kraft. v. n. To play tricks. Shakspeare. Ob. J. CRA'FTILY, kraf-te-le. ad. Cunningly; artfullv. Knolles. Skilfully. Chaucer. CRA'FTINESS, kraf -te-nes. n. s. Cunning ; strata- gem. Job. CRA'FTSMAN, kraits'-man. n. s. Ait -artificer : a mechanick. Spenser. > CRA'FTSMASTER, krafls'-ma-stor. n. s. A man skilled in his trade. Shakspeare. CRA'FTY, krnf-te. a. Cunning; artful. Shak- speare. CRAG*, krag. n. s. A rough, steep rock. Gibson The rugged protuberances of rocks. Fairfax The neck. Spenser. CRA'GGED, krag'-ggd. 366. a. Full of inequalities and prominences. Crashaw. CRA'GGEDNESS, krag'-ged-nes. n. s. Fulness of crags or prominent rocks. Brerewood. CRA'GGINESS, krag'-ge-nes. n.s. The state of be ing craggy. Howell. CRA'GGY, krag'-gfe. 383. a. Rugged ; full of prom inences. Spenser. CRAKE **, krake. n.s. A boast. Spenser. To CRAKE*, krake. v. n. To brag ; to boast. Spar- ser. To CRAKE*, krake. v. a. To utter boastingly, Spenser. 247 CRA CRA Q 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;- CRA'KER*, kra'-kftr. n. s. A boaster. Huloet. To CRAM$, kram. v. a. [cpamman, Sax.] To stuff with more than can conveniently be held. Shak. To fill with food beyond satiety. King. To thrust in by force. Shakspeare. To CRAM, kram. v. n. To eat beyond satiety. Pope. CRA'MBO, kram'-bo. n.s. [a cant word.] A play at which one gives a word, to which another finds a rhyme: a rhyme. Swift. CRAMP §, kramp. n. s. [krampe, Dut.] A spasm or contraction of the limbs. Shak. A restriction ; a confinement. V Estrange. A piece of iron bent at each end, by which two bodies are held together. Willtins. CRAMP, kramp. a. Difficult ; knotty. Goodman. To CRAMP, kramp. v. a. To pain with cramps or twitches. Dryden. To restrain; to confine. Ba- con. To bind with crampirons. Burke. CRAMP-FISH, kramp'-flsh. n. s. The torpedo, which benumbs the hands of those that touch it. Sir T. Herbert. CRA'MPIRON, kramp'-l-iVn. n. s. See Cramp. CRA'NAGE, kra'-n?dje. 90. n.s. [cranagium, low Lat.] A liberty to use a crane, or the money paid and taken for the same. Cowel. CRANBERRY* kran'-ber-re. n. s. The whortle- berry, or bilbeny. To CRANCH*. See To Craunch. CRANE §, krane. n. s. [cpan, Sax.] A bird with a long beak. IsaiaJi. An instrument made with ropes, pulleys, and hooks, by which great weights are raised. Mortimer. A siphon for drawing liquors out of a cask. CRANES-BILL, kranz'-b?l. n. s. An herb. A pair of pincers terminating in a point, used by sur- geons. CRANIUM, kra'-ne-um. 507. n. s. [Lat.] The skull. Wiseman. CRANK§, krangk. 408. n.s. [cpanc-ptaep, Sax.] The end of an iron axis turned square down, and again turned square to the first turning down. Moxon. Any bending or winding passage. Shuk. Any conceit formed by changing the form or mean- ing of a word. Milton. An impostor. Burton. CRANK, krangk. a. [onkranck, Dutch.] Healthy; sprightly. Spenser. Among sailors, a ship is said to be crank, when loaded too much above, and lia- ble to be overset. Howell. To CRANK*, krangk. v. n. To turn ; to run in and out. Shakspeare. To CRA'NKLE, krang'-kl. 405. v. n. To run in and out. Drayton. To CRA'NKLE, krang'-kl. v. a. To break into une- qual surfaces, or angles. Phillips. CRA'NKLES, krangk' -klz. n. s. Angular promi- nences. CRA'NKNESS, krangk'-nes. n.s. Health; vigour. Disposition to overset. CRA'NNDZD, kran'-ne-gd. a. Full of chinks. Sliak. CRA'NNY §, kran'-ne. n. s. [crena, Lat.] A chink; a fissure. Baron. GRANTS*, krantz. n. s. [krantz, Germ.] The gar- lands carried before the bier of a maiden, and hung over her grave. Shakspeare. CRAPE, krape. n. s. [crepe, Fr.] A thin stuff, loosely woven, of which the dress of the clergy is some- times made. Swift. CRA'PLE*. n. s. [krappeln, Germ.] A claw. Spen- ser. CRA'PULA*, krap'-u-la. n.s. [Lat.] A surfeit, or sickness by intemperance.^ Cotton. CRA'PULENCE, krap'-u-lense. n. s. Drunkenness ; sickness by intemperance. Diet. CRA'PTJLOUS, krap'-u-lus. a. Drunken. DM. To CRASE*, kraze. See To Craze. To CRASH §, krash. v. n. To make a loud, compli- cated noise, as of many things falling or breaking at once. Smith. To CRASH v krash. v. a. To break or bruise. CRASH, krash. n. s. A loud, sudden, mixed sound, as of many things broken at the same time. Sliak. CRA'SHING*, krash' -?ng. n.s. A violent, comph cated noise. Zeph. CRA'SIS, kra'-sk n. s. [/cpoci?.] Temperature constitution. Gbxnville. CRASS §, kras. a. [erassus, Lat.] Gross; coarse Brown. CRA'SSIMENT* kras'-se-mgnt. n.s. Thickness Smith. CRA'SSITUDE, kras'-se-tude. n.s. Grossness coarseness; thickness. Bacon. CRA'SSNESS*, kras'-nSs. n. s. Grossness. Glan- mile. CRASTINA'TION, kras-te-na'-shun. n. s [eras, LatJ Delay. Diet. CRATCH, kratsh. n.s. [creicche, Fr.] The palisaded frame in which hay is put for cattle. Hakeicill, To CRATCH*, kratsh. v. a. See Jo Scratch. To tear ; as, to cratch out one's eyes. Huloet. CRA'TER*,krk>-tir.7i.s. [Lat.] Avent,oraper ture. Berkeley. CRATE*, krate. n. s. [kraet, Germ.] A pannier, or wicker vessel. ToCRAUNCH, krantsh. 214. v. a. [schrantsen, Dutch.] To crush in the mouth. Swift. CRAVA'T, kra-vat'. n. s. [cravate, Fr.] A neckcloth; any thing worn about the neck. Hudibras. £5= Dr. Johnson tells us this word is of uncertain ety- mology. It is certain, however, that it come3 from the French ; and Menage tells us it arose among them from the Croats, who, being in alliance with France against the emperour, came to Paris, and were remarked for the linen they wore about their necks. This soon became a fashion, and was called after the original wearers, croat, which, by a small alteration, became cravat. This word is sometimes, but improperly, pronounced with the accent on the first syllable. This pronuncia- tion is adopted only by Dr. Ash and Buchanan, while Dr. Johnson, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Kenrick, Entick, and Bailey, are uniformly for the accent on the last syllable. W. To CRAVE §, krave. v. a. [cpapian, SaxJ To ask with earnestness ; to entreat. Holder. To ask in- satiably. Denham. To long ; to wish unreasona- bly. To call for importunatelv. Shakspeare. CRA'VEN, kra'-yn. 103. n. s. "[from crare, as one that craves his life.] A cock conquered and dis- pirited. Shak. A coward ; a recreant. Shakspeare CRA'VEN, kra'-vn. a. Cowardly; base. Spensef. To CRA'VEN, kra'-vn. v. a. To make recreant or cowardly. Shakspeare. CRA'VER, kra'-vur. n. s. An insatiable asker. Sherwood. CRA'VING*, kra'-vlng. n. s. Unreasonable desire. South. CRAW, kraw. n. s. [kroe, Danish.] The crop or first stomach of birds. Ray. The human stomach, in contempt. Anderson. CRA'WFISH, kraw'-flsh. n. s. [ecrevisse, Fr.] A small crustaceous fish found in brooks. Bacon. To CRAWL 6, krawl. v.n. [krielen, Dutch.] T© creep ; to move as a worm. Milton. To move weakly and slowly. Shak. To advance slowly and silly. Shak. To move about hated and de spised. South. CRAWL* krawl. n.s. [corral. Span.] The wellin a boat. CRA'WLER. kraw'-lur. n. s. A creeper. Lovelace CRAY*, GRAYER*, or CRARE*. n. s. [craier, old Fr.] A small sea-vessel. Sliakspeare. CRA'YFISH, kraw'-flsh. n, s. See Crawfish. CRA'YON, kra'-fin. n. s. [Fr.] A kind of pencrt Dryden. A drawing or design done with a pencil or crayon. To CRAZE $, kraze. v. a. [ecraser, Fr.] To break ; to crush ; to weaken. Hooker. To powder. Co- ra/?. To impair the intellect. Shakspeare. CRA'ZEDNESS, kra'-zgd-nes. 365. n. s. Decrepi- tude ; brokenness. Hooker. CRA'ZINESS, kra'-ze-nes. n. s. Imbecility; weak- ness. Hoicell. Weakness of intellect. CRA'ZY, kra'-ze. a. Broken ; decrepit. Shak. Shat- tered in the intellect. Bp. Taylor. Weak; feeble* ailing ; out of order. Beaumont and Fletcher. 248 CRE CRE — 116, move, nSr, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — thin, this. CREAGHT, krate. n.s. [Irish.] Herds of cattle. Davies. To CREAGHT, krate. v. n. To graze upon lands. Davies. To CREAK, kreke. v. n. [criquer, old Fr.] To make a harsh, protracted noise. Dry den. CREA'KING* kre'-king. n. s. A harsh noise. Shakspeare. CREAMS, kreme. n.s. [kreima, Goth.] The unc- tuous or oily part of milk. Shak. The best part of any thing. HewyU To CREAM", kreme. v, n. To gather on the surface. Shakspeare. To CREAM, kreme. v. a. To skim off the cream. Wodroephe's Fr. Gr. To take the flower and quintessence of any thing. Swift. CREAM-FACED, kreme -faste. a. Pale j coward- looking. Shakspeare. CRE'AMY, kre'-me. a. Having the nature of cream. Beaumont and Fletcher. CRE'ANCE, kre'-anse. n.s. [Fr.] A fine, small line, fastened to a hawk's leash when she is first lured. CREASES, krese. 427. n, s. [kroesen, Teut.] A mark made by doubling any thing. Swift. To CREASE, krese. v. a. To mark any thing by doubling it. To CREATE §, kre-ate'. v. a. [creo, LaLj To form out of nothing ; to cause to exist. Genesis. To pro- duce; to cause. Shak. To beget. To invest with any new character. Slutk. To give any new qual- ities. Davies. CREATE* kre-ate'. a. Begotten. Slwk. Com- posed^ made up. Sliakspeare. CREATION, kre-a'-shun. n. s. The act of creating. Bp. Taylor. The act of investing with new qualities or character ; as, the creoiion of peers. The universe. Denfiam. Any thing produced, or caused. Shakspeare. CREATIVE, kre-a'-tlv. 157. a. Having the power to create. Thomson. Exerting the act of creation. South. CREATOR §, kre-a'-tfir. 166. n. s. [Lat.] The Be- ing that bestows existence- Milton. CREATRESS*, kre-a'-tres. n. s. She who makes airy thing. Spetiser. CRE'ATURE, kre'-tshure^ei^.rc.s. A being not self-existent, but created by the Supreme Power. Stilling feet. Any thing created. Bacon. Ananimai, not human. Shak, A general term for man. Spenser. A word of contempt for a human being. Shak. A word of petty tenderness. Shak. A person who owes his rise or his fortune to another. Clarendon. CRE'ATURELY, kre'-tshure-le. a. Having the qualities of a creature. Cheyne. CRE'ATURESHIP*, kre'-tshure-ship. n.s. The slate of a creature. Dr. Cave. CRE'BRITUDE, kreb'-re-tude. n. s. [creber, Lat.] Frequentness. Diet. CRE'BROUS, kreb'-rus. a. Frequent Did. CREDENCE §, kre'-dense. n. s. [credo, Lat.] Be- lief; credit. Spenserr. That which gives a claim to credit or belief. Hayward. To CRE'DENCE*, kre'-dense. v. a. To believe. Skelton. Ob. T. CREDE'NDA, kre-den'-da. 92. n.s. [Lat.] Things to be believed ; articles of faith. South. CRE'DENT, kre'-d&it. a. Believing ; easy of be- lief. Shakspeare. Having credit. Shakspeare. CREDENTIAL*, kre-den'-shai. a. Giving a tide to credit CREDENTIAL, kre-den'-shal. n.s. That which gives a title to credit ; the warrant upon which be- lief is claimed. Addison. CREDIBILITY, kred-e-bil'-e-te. n.s. Claim to credit. Tillotson. CREDIBLE §, krgd'-e-b!. 405. a. [credibilis, Lat.] Worthy of credit. Gower. CRE'DIBLENESS, kred'-e-bl-nes. n. s. Credibility; just claim to belief. Boyle. CREDIBLY, kred'-e-ble. ad. In a manner that claims belief. Bacon. CRE'DIT^, kred'-ft. n.s. [credit, Fr.] Belief ol 1 Mace. Honour; reputation. Pope. Esteem good opinion. Bacon. Faith; testimony. Hooker. Trust reposed ; with regard to property, correla- tive to debt. Locke. Promise given. Addison. In- fluence ; interest. Sidney. To CRE'DIT, kred'-'ft. v. a. To believe. Shak. To procure credit to any thing. Waller. To trust ; to confide in. To admit as a debtor. CREDITABLE, kred'-lt-a-bl. a. Reputable ; above contempt. 'Arbuthnot. Honourable ; estimable. Til- lotson. CRE'DITABLENESS, kr^d'-lt-a-bl-nes. n. s. Rep- utation ; estimation. Decay of Piety. CRE'DITABLY, kred'-lt-a-ble. dd. Reputably. South. CREDITOR, kred'-lt-ur. 166. n.s. He to whom a debt is owed. Sluik. One who credits ; one who believes. Shakspeare. CRE'DITRIX*, kred'-ft-rlks. n. s. She to whom ! money is owed. Life of Cotton. I CREDULITY, kre-du'-le-te. n. s. Easiness of be- lief. Sidney. CREDULOUS $, kred'-ju-lus. 367,293. a. [credu- lus, Lat.] Apt to believe ; unsuspecting. Shak. CREDULOUSLY*, kr^d'-ju-lus-le. ad. In an un- suspecting manner. Goodman. CRE'DULOUSNESS, kred'-ju-lus-nSs.n.s. Credu- lity. Sir E. Sandys. CREED §, kreed. ?i. s. [cjieba, Sax.] A form of words in which the articles of faith are compre- hended. Hammond. Any solemn profession of principles. Shakspeare. To CREEK, kreek. v. a. To make a harsh noise. Shakspeare. CREEK §, kreek. 246. n.s. [cyiecca, Sax.] A prom inence or jut in a winding coast. Davies. A small port; a bay; a cove. Acts. Any turn, or alley. Shak. — Creek of day. The first appearance of the dawn. Turberville. -CRE'EKY, kree'-ke. a. Full of creeks ; winding Spenser. To CREEP §, kreep. 246. v. n. [pret. crept : cjiypan, Sax.] To move as a worm. Milton. To grow along the ground, or on other supports. Dryden. To move forward as insects. To move slowly and feebly. Shak. To move secretly and clandestinely. Shak. To move timorously, without venturing into dangers. Dnjden. To come unexpected. Sidney. To behave with servility ; to fawn. Shakspeare. CRE'EPER, kree'-pur. 98. n. s. A plant that sup ports itself bv means of some stronger body. Bacon An iron used to slide along the grate in kitchens A kind of patten or clog worn by women. An in sect. Burton. A small bird, called also the ox-eye [In naval language.] A sort of grapnel, used for recovering things that ma}' be cast overboard. CRE'EP-HOLE, kreep / -h6le. n. s. A hole into which any animal may creep. A subterfuge ; aa excuse. CRE EPINGLY, krepp'-lng-le. ad. Slowly; aftei the manner of a reptile. Sidney. CRELPLE, kre'-pl. n. s. [cjiypel, Sax.] A lame person ; a cripple. Donne. CREMATION, kre-ma/-shun. n.s. [crematio, Lat.] A burning'. CRE'MOR, kre'-mSr. n. s. [Lat.] A soft liquoi resembling cream. Ray. CRE'MOSIN*. See Crimosin. CRE'NATED, kren'-at-ed. a. [craw, Lat.] Notched; indented. Woodward. CRE'OLES*, kre'-olz. n. s. Such as are descended from the Spaniards; natives of Spanish America. Guthrie. CRE'PANE, kre'-pan. n. s. An ulcer seated in the midst of the forepart of the foot of a horse. Far- rier's Diet. To CRETITATE §, krep'-e-tate. 91. y.n. [crepito Lat.] To make a small, crackling noise; to break wind. Cockeram. CREPITATION, krep-e-ta'-shun. n. crackling noise. 249 A small, CRI CRI Q~p 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met ;— pine, pin i CREPT, kr£pt. part, from creep. CREPU'SCULE§, kre-pfts'-kule. n. s. [crepusculum, Lat.] Twilight. Diet. CREPU'SCULFNE*, kre-p&s'-ku-lln. a. Glimmer- ing ; crepusculous. Sprat. CREPU'SCULOUS, kre-pus'-ku-lus. a. Glimmer- ing - . Glanuille. CRESCENT §,kreV-sent. a. [cresco, Lat.] Increas- ing ; growing. SJiakspeare. CRESCENT, kres'-sent. n. s. The moon in her state of increase. Shakspeare. To CRE'SCENT*, kres'-sent. v. a. To form into a crescent. Seward. CRE'SCIVE, kres'-sfv. 158. a. Increasing ; grow- ing. Shakspeare. CRESS, kres. n. s. An herb. Miller. CRE'SSET, kres'-sgt. 99. n.s. [croisette, Fr.] A great light set upon a beacon, or watch-tower. Shak. Simply, a lamp, or torch. Holinshed. CREST §, krest. n. s. [cpserta, Sax.] The plume of feathers on the top of the ancient helmet} the helmet. Sliak. The comb of a cock. Milton. The ornament of the helmet in heraldry. Camden. Any tuft or ornament on the head. Dryden. Pride; spirit, fire. SJiakspeare. To CREST* krest. v. a. To mark with long streaks. To serve as a crest for. SJiakspeare. CREATED, kres'-ted. a. Adorned with a plume or crest. Milion. Wearing a comb. Dryden. CREST-FALLEN, krest 7 -faln. a. Dejected; sunk; dispirited. Shakspeare. CRE'STLESS,krest'-les.a. Not dignified with coat- armour. SJiakspeare. CRETA'CEOUS§ kre-ta'-shfis. a. [ereta, Lat.] Having the qualities of chalk. Grew. Abounding with chalk. Phillips. CRETA'TED, kre'-ta-tSd. a. Rubbed with chalk. Diet. CRE'TICK*, kre'-tlk. n. s. [K 9 r,nKk\ A foot used in Greek and Latin poetry, consisting of a short syllable between two long. Bentky. CRE'VICE $, krev'-ls. 140. n. s. [crevis, old Fr.] A crack ; a cleft. Spectator. To CRE'VICE, krev'-ls. v. a. To crack; to flaw. Wotton. /"1T> T7VV1 0^£ ) CRE'VISSE* V kreV-?s. n. s. Cray-fish. Smith. CREW §, krfio. 339. n.s. [cpuS, Sax.] A company of people associated for any purpose. Spenser. The company of a ship. Dryden. CREW, kro5. The weierit of crow. CRE'WEL, kr66'-ll. 99. n. s. [klewel, Dutch.] Yarn twisted and wound on a knot or ball. Burton. CRIB §, krlb. n. s. [epybb, Sax.] The rack or man- ger of a stable. SJiak. The stall or cabin of an ox. Prov. A small habitation ; a cottage. Shak. To CRIB, krlb. v. a. To confine ; to cage. Sliak. CRI'BBAGE, krlb'-bldje. 90. n.s. A game at cards. JoJin Hall. CRFBBLE $, krlb'-bl. n. s. [crible, old Fr.] A corn sieve. Diet. Coarse meal, a degree better than bran. CRFBBLE Bread*. Bread made of coarse meal. Huloet. To CRFBBLE*, krlb'-bl. v. a. To sift or cribble through a sieve. Lyttelton. CRIBRA'TION, krl-bra'-shfin. 123. n. s. [cribro, Lat.] The act of sifting or separating by a sieve. CRICK, la-Ik. n. s. [cricco, Ital.] The noise of a door. A painful stiffness in the neck. V Estrange. CRI'CKET, krlk'-klt. 99. n.s. [krekel, Dutch.] An insect that squeaks or chirps about ovens and fire- places. Sliak. A sport at which the contenders drive a ball with sticks. Pope. A low seat or stool. CRFCKETING Apple, n. s. A small species of apple. CRI'ER, krl'-ur. 98. n.s. [crieur, old Fr.] The of- ficer whose business is to cry or make proclama- tion. Ecclus. CRIME §, krlme. n. s. [crimen, Lat.] An act con- trary to right ; an offence ; a great fault ; an act of wickedness. Spenser. Reproach : a Latinism. Milton. CRI'MEFUL, krlme'-ful. a. Wicked. Faulty in a high degree. Shakspeare. CRIMELESS, krlme'-les. a. Innocent; without crime. SJiakspeare. CRFMINAL, krlm'-e-nal. 88. a. Faulty; contraiy to right ; contrary to law. Spenser. Guilty ; taint- ed with crime. Rogers. Not civil : as, a criminal prosecution. Blackstone. CRFMINAL, krlm'-e-nal. n. s. A man accused. Dry- den. A man guilty of a crime. Bacon. CRIMINALITY*, krlm-e-nal'-e-te.«.s. A criminal action, case, or cause. Bp. Watson. CRI'MPNALLY, krlm'-e-nal-le. ad. Wickedly ; guilt ily. Rogers. CRFMIN ALNESS, krlm'-e-nal-nes. n. s. Guiltiness. To CRl'MINATE*, krlm'-e-nate. v. a. To accuse ; to charge with crime. Ld. NortJi. CRIMINATION, krlm-e-na'-shfin. n. s. Accusation; charge. Bp. Hall. CRFMINATORY, krlm'-e-na-tfir-re. 512. a. Ac- cusing ; censorious. CRI'MINOUS, krlm'-e-nus. a. Wicked; iniquitous; enormously guilty. Bp. Hall. CRFMINOUSLY, krlm'-e-nus-le. ad. Enormously; very wickedly. Hammond. CRFMINOUSNESS,krlm'-e-nus-nes. n. s. Wicked- ness ; guilt ; crime. King CJiarles. CRFMOSIN, krlm'-zn. a. [cremosino, Ital.] A spe- cies of red colour tinged with blue. Spenser. Com- monly written crimson. CRIMP§, krlmp. a. [acjivmman, Sax.] Friable; brittle; easily crumbled. PJiillips. Not consistent ; not forcible. ArbutJinot. CRIMP*, krlmp. n. s. A game at cards formerly. B. Jonson. One who decoys others into military ser- vice : a low word. To CRIMP*, krlmp. v. a. fee-cjiympfc, Sax.] To curl or crisp the hair. To CRFMPLE, krlm'-pl. 405. v. a. [krimpen, Teut.] To contract; to corrugate. Wiseman. CRFMSON §, krlm'-zn. 170. n. s. [cremosino, Ital.] Red, somewhat darkened with blue. Boyle. Red in general. SJiakspeare. CRIMSON*, krlm'-zn. a. Red, somewhat darkened with blue. Prior. Red, in general. SJiakspeare. To CRFMSON, krlm'-zn. v. a. To dye with crimson. SJiakspeare. CRI'NCUM, krlngk'-um. n. s. A cramp ; a contrac tion; whimsy. Hudibras. CRINGE, krlnje. n. s. Bow ; servile civility. Howell, To CRINGE §, krlnje. v. a. [kriecJien, German.] To draw together; to contract. SJiakspeare. To CRINGE, krlnje. v. n. To bow; to fawn; to flatter. Bp. Hall. CRFNGER*, krln'-j&r. n . s. One who is always bow- ing for some mean purpose ; a flatterer. CRINFGEROUS, krl-nld'-je-rfls. 123. a. [criniger, Lat.] Hairv ; overgrown with hair. Diet. CRFNITE*; krl'-nhe. 140 ? 154. a. [crmitus, Lat.] Having the appearance of hair. Fairfax. To CRINKLE §,krlng'-kl.?\«. [krinckelen, Dutch.] To go in and out; to run in flexures. King. To CRFNKLE, krlng'-kl. v. a. To mould into ine- qualities. Skelton. CRFNKLE, krlng'-kl. n.s. A wrinkle; a sinuosity SearcJi. CRFNOSE §, krl-n6se'. a. [crinis, Lat.] Hairy. DkL CRINO'SITY, krl-nos'-e-te. n. s. Hairiness, Diet. CRFPPLE §, krlp'-pl. 405. n. s. [cpypel, Sax.] A lame man. SJiakspeare. CRFPPLE*, krlp'-pl. a. Lame. SJiakspeare. To CRIPPLE, krlp'-pl. v. a. To lame; to make lame. SJiakspeare. CRT'PPLENESS, krlp'-pl-n£s. n. s. Lameness. Diet. CRI SIS, krl'-sls. n. s. [/cpto-t?.] The point in which the disease kills, or changes to the better. Dryden, The point of time at which any affair comes to the height. Dryden. CRISPS, krlsp. a. [cpij-p, Sax.] Curled. Bacon. Indented ; winding. Sliak. Brittle ; friable. l>a- con. Short; brisk. Beaumont and Fletcher. To CRISP, krlsp. v. a. To curl ; to contract uito 250 CRO CRO -n6, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pound ; — thin, THis. knots or curls. Sliak. To twist; to curl. Milton. To indent; to make to wave. Milton. To CRISP*, krfsp. v. n. To curl. Sir T. Herbert. CRISP A'TION, kris-pa'-shun. n. s. The act of curl- ing 1 . The state of being curled. Bacon. CRf SPING-IRON* krls'-ping-l'-urn. n. s. A curl- ing iron. Beaumont and Fletcher. CRPSPING-PIN, krls'-ping-pln. n. s. A curling iron. Isaiah. CRISPFSULCANT, krls-pe-suF-kant. a. [crispisul- cans, Lat.] Waved, or undulating ; as lightning is represented. Diet. CRPSPNESS, kr?sp'-nes. n. s. Curledness. CRFSPY, krls'-pe. a. Curled. Sliakspeare. CRISS-CROSS-ROW*, krfs-kr6s-ro. n. s. Alpha- bet; beginning. Soutlierne. CRITERION, krl-te'-re-un. 123. n. s. [Kpi-ypiov : plural criteria.'] A mark by which any thing is judg- ed of with regard to its goodness or badness. Donne. CRITICK §, krit'-lk. n.s. O pm *oj.] A man skilled in the art of judging of literature; able to distinguish the faults and beauties of writing. Locke. An ex- aminer; a judge. Pope. A snarler; a carper. Pope. A censurer ; a man apt to find fault. SlwJc. CRI'TICK, kritMk.a. Critical; relating to criticism. Pope. CRI'TICK, ik s. See Critique. To CRPTICK, krit'-ik. v. n. To play the critick ; to criticise. Brewer. CRITICAL, krit'-e-kal. a. Exact; nicely judicious. Holder. Relating to criticism. Captious; censo- rious. Shah. Comprising the time at which a great event is determined. Brown. Decisive; nice. SpraL Producing a crisis or change of the disease ; as, a critical sweat. CRPTICALLY, krlt'-e-kal-e. ad. In a critical man- ner; exactly. Dryden. At the exact point of time. CRP TIC ALNESS, krh'-e-kal-n^s. n. s. Exactness; accuracy; nicety. To CRFTICISE, krlt'-e-slze. 153. v. n. To play the critick; to judge. Dryden. To animadvert upon as faulty. Locke. To CRITICISE, krlt'-e-slze. v. a. To censure. Ad- dison. CRI TICISER*, krlt'-e-sl-zur. n. s. One wh« makes or writes remarks. Blackwall. CRITICISE krlt'-e-sfzm. n. s. A standard ofjudging well. Dryden. Remark; animadversion. Addison. CRITPQUE, kre-teek'. n. s. [Fr.] A critical exami- nation ; critical remarks. Dryden. Science of criti- cism. Locke. — This word is now generally so writ- ten to distinguish it from critick, the person ; though, so lately as when Pope wrote, no distinction of the spelling or accent obtained. Todd. To CROAK $, kr6ke. v.n. [cpacefctan, Sax.] To make a hoarse, low noise, like a frog. May. To caw or cry as a raven or crow. Shale. To make any disagreeable or offensive murmur. Locke. CROAK, kroke. n. s. The cry of a frog or raven. Dryden. CROAKER*, kro'-kur. n. s. One who is perpetual- ly descanting on dangers and difficulties, and making unfair comparisons of the present with the past. CROATS*, krots. n. s. Irregular troops, formed of natives of Croatia. Guthrie. CRO'CEOUS, knV-she-us. 357. a. [croceus, Lat.] Consisting of saffron ; like saffron. Diet. CROCIT A'TION, kr6-se-ta/-shun. n. s. [crocitatio, Lat] The croaking of frogs or ravens. Diet. CROCKS, krok. n.s. [cpoeca, Sax.] A cup; any vessel made of earth. Spenser. A little stool. Tal- ler. The black or soot of a pot or kettle. Ray. CRO'CKERY, krok'-ur-e. 555. n.s. Earthen ware. JRO CODILE§, krok'-d-dil. 145. n. s. [k 9 6kos and fotXwr.] An amphibious, voracious animal, found in Egypt and 'he Indies. Calmet. A little animal, otherwise called stinx. Trevoux. i£r Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and Perry, make the i in the last syllable short, as I have done ; and Buchanan is the only one who makes it long. W. CRO'CUS, knV-kus. n. s. [crocus, Lat.] A flower. Thotnson. CROFT, kr6ft. n. s. [cjiopfe, Sax.] A little close joining to a house, used for corn or pasture. Milton. CROISA'DE, kr6e-sade'. >?i. s. [avisade, Fr.] A CROISA'DO, kroe-sa'-do. $ holy war; a war car- ried on against infidels under the banner of the cross. Bacon. CROFSES, kroe'-slz. n. s. Pilgrims who carry a cross. Soldiers who fight under the banner of the cross. Burke. CRO'MLECHE*. [earem-luach, Heb.] Huge, broad, flat stones, raised upon other stones set up on end for that purpose, and supposed to be the remains of altars. Rowland. CRONE, kr6ne. n. s. [cpone, Sax.] An old ewe. Tusser. In contempt, an old woman. Shak. CRO'NET.kr^-net. n. s. The hair which grows over the top of a horse's hoof. CRoInYCAL* I ^n'-kkal. See Acronycal. CRO'NY, kr6'-ne. n. s. An old acquaintance; a com- panion of long standing. Hudihras. CROOK §, kr56k. [kruk, Perry and Jones.] n s. [crok. Celt.] Any crooked or bent instrument. A sheep- hook. Ccncley. Any thing bent; a meander. Sidney. An artifice ; a trick. Cranmer. A gibbet. Svenser To CROOK, krodk. v. a. To bend; to turn Into a hook. Sliak. To bend, figuratively; to thwart. Bp. Fisher. To pervert from rectitude. Bacon. To CROOK, kr66k. v. n. To be bent. Camden. CRO'OKBACK, krOOk'-bak. n. s. A man that has gibbous shoulders. Sliakspeare. CROOKBACKED, kroGk'-bakt. 359. a. Having bent shoulders. Dryden. CROOK-KNEED*, kroSk'-need. a. Having crooked knees. Sliakspeare. CROOK-SHOULDERED*, kr65k-sh61e -durd. a Having bent shoulders. South. CROO KED, krook'-ed. 366. a. Bent; not straight. ^Newton. Winding ; oblique. Locke. Perverse untoward ; without rectitude of mind. Deut. CROO'KEDLY, kro6k'-ed-le. ad. Not in a straight line. Untowardly; not compliantly. Bp. Taylor CROOKEDNESS, krcW-ed-nes. n.s. Deviation from straightness; curvity. Hooker. Deformity of a gibbous bod)-. Bp. Taylor. Lewdness; depravi tv ; perverseness. Barret. To CROO'KEN*, krd6k'-kn. v. a. To make crooked. Hojnilies. CROP §, krop. n. s. [cpop, Sax.] The craw of a bird. Ray. CRO'PFUL, krop'-fui. a. Satiated ; with a full belly. Milton. CROP-SICK, kr6p'-s?k. a. Sick with repletion. Beaumont and Fletcher. CROP-SICKNESS*, krop'-sik-nes. n.s. Sickness arising from repletion. Whitlock. CROP §, krop. n. s. [cpopp, Sax.] The highest part or end of any thing. Chaucer. The harvest; the corn gathered off a field. Spenser. Anything cut off. Dryden. To CROP, krop. v. a. To cut off the ends of any thing ; to mow ; to reap. Shak. To gather before it falls. Milton. To CROP, krop. v. n. To yield harvest. Sliakspeare. CROP-EAR*, krop'-eer. n. s. A horse having his ears cropped. Sliakspeare. CROP-EARED*, kr6p'-eerd. a. Having the ears cropped. B. Jonson. CRO PPER, krop'-pur. n. s. A kind of pigeon with a !arge crop. Walton. CRO'SIER, kro'-zhe-er. 451, 453. n. s. [croiser, Fr.] The pastoral staff of a bishop, which has a cross upon it. Bacon. CROSLET, kros'-let. 99. n.s. [croisselei. Fr.] A small cross. Spenser. A crucible. Chaucer. CROSS §,kros. n.s. [croes, Welsh.] One straight body laid at right angles over another ; the instrument by which the Saviour of the world suffered death Bacon. The ensign of the Christian rel'gion Spenser. A monument with a cross upon it to ex- 251 CRO CRO O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel 5— pine, p?n ; cite devotion ; such as were anciently set in mar- ket-places. Shak. A line drawn through another. Hudibras. Any thing that thwarts; h'inderance ; vexation; opposition; trial of patience. Sidney. Money so called, because marked with a cross. Howell. — Cross and Pile: a play with money. Hudibras. Church lands in Ireland. Sir J. Da- vies. CROSS, kr6s. a. Transverse. Neiuton. Oblique; lateral. Slialc. Adverse ; opposite. Dryden. Per- verse ; untractable. South. Peevish; fretful. Tay- lor. Contrary ; contradictory. South. Contrary to wish; unfortunate. South. Interchanged. Sid- ney. CROSS, kros. prep. Athwart; transversely. Knottes. Over ; from side to side. Shakspeare. To CROSS, kros. v. a. To lay one body, or draw one line, athwart another. Hudibras. To sign with the cross. Dryden. To cancel : as, to cross an article. To pass over. Temple. To move lat- erally, obliquely, or athwart. Spenser. To thwart ; to embarrass ; to obstruct ; to hinder. Hooker. To counteract; to be inconsistent with. Locke. To contravene; to hinder by authority; to counter- mand. Spenser. To contradict. Hooker. To de- bar ; to preclude. SlwJcspeare. To CROSS, kros. v. n. To lie athwart another thing. To be inconsistent. Sidney. CROSS-BAR-SHOT, kroV-bar-shot. n. s. A round shot, with a bar of iron put through it. Harris. CROSS-BILL*, kros'-bil. n. s. A bill brought by a defendant against the plaintiff. To CROSS-EXAMINE, kros'-egz-am'-ln. v. a. To try the faith of evidence by captious questions of the contrary party. Decay of Piety. CROSS-EXAMINATION*, krSs'-egz-am-fn-a'- shun. n. s. The act of nicely examining, by ques- tions apparently captious, the faith of evidence in a court of justice. CROSS-STAFF, kros'-staf. n. s. An instrument used by seamen to take the meridian altitude of the sun or stars. CRO'SS-ARMED*, krSs'-Wd. a. Having the arms folded across; melancholy. Donne. CRO'SSARROW*, kros'-ar-ro. n. s. An arrow of a crossbow. Beaumont and Fletcher. CRO'SSBARRED*, kros'-bard. a. Secured by transverse bars. Milton. CROSSBILL* kros'-bn. n. s. A small bird, so called from its beak, which has the points crossing one another. CRO'SSBITE, kros'-blte. n. s. A deception; a cheat. U 'Estrange. To CRO'SSBITE, kros'-blte. v. a. To contravene by deception. Collier. CRO'SSBOW; kros'-bo. n. s. A missive weapon formed by placing a bow athwart a stock. Carew. CRO'SSBOWER, kr&s^-ur. n. s. A shooter with a cross-bow. Raleigh. CROSSBU'N*, krSs-bun'. n.s. A cake marked with the form of the cross. To CROSSCU'T*, kr&s-kut'. v. a. To cut across. Robinson. To CROSSFLO'W*, kros-flo'. v. n. To flow in a contrary direction. Milton. CRO'SSGRAINED, kros-grand'. 359. a. Having the fibres transverse or irregular. Moxon. Per- verse ; troublesome ; vexatious. Hudibras. CROSSLE'GGED*, kros-legd'. a. Having the legs crossed. Sir T. Herbert. CRO'SSING*, krSs'-sfng. n. s. The act of signing with the cross. Bp. Hall. Opposition. Sliakspeare. CRO'SSLET*. See Croslet. CRO'SSLY, krosMe. ad. Athwart; so as to intersect something else. Oppositely ; adversely. Shak. Unfortunately. Bea?imont and Fletcher. CRO'SSNESS, kros'-nes. n.s. Transverseness ; in- tersection. Perverseness ; peevishness. Bacon. CROSSPU'RPOSE*, kr6s'-piV-pus. * *■ A conceit of conversation, proposing a difficulty to be solved; a kind of enigma or riddle. Whalley. A contra- dictory system Shaftesbury. To CROSSQU'ESTION* kros'-kwes'-tshun. v. a To cross-examine. Killingbeck. CROSSROAD* kr&s'-r6de. n.s. A road across the country; not the direct high-road. Guthrie. CRO'SSROW, kros-^'. n. s. Alphabet : so named because a cross is placed at the beginning to show that the end of learning is piety. Shakspeare. CRO'SSWAY, kros'-wa. n. s. A small obscure path intersecting the chief road ; or the place, where one road intersects another. Obadiaii. CRO'SSWIND, kros'-whid. [See Win©.] n. s Wind blowing from the right or left. Boyle. CRO'SSWORT, kr&s'-wurt. 166. n. s. A plant Miller. CROTCH, krotsh. n. s. [croc, Fr.] A hook or fork. Bacon. CROTCHET, krdtsh'-gt. 99. n. s. [crochet, Fr.} [In musick.} One of the notes or characters of time, equal to half a minim. Chambers. A piece of wood fitted into another to support a building. Dryden. [In printing.] Hooks in which worcis are included [thus]. A perverse conceit ; an odd fancv. Burton. To CRO'TCHET*, krotsh'-et. v. n. To play in a measured time of musick. Donne. CRO'TCHETED*, krotsh'-et-eU part. a. Distin- guished by musical notation. Harmar. To CROUCH $, kroutsh. 313. v. n. [kriechen, Germ.] To stoop low ; to lie close to the ground. Beau- mont and FletcJier. To fawn; to bend servilely. 1 Samuel. To CROUCH*, kroutsh. v. a. [cjiuce, SaxJ To sign with the cross ; to bless. Chaucer. Ob. T. CROUCH-BACK*. See Crook-back. CROUCHED Friars*, n. s. An order of friars so called from the cross which they wore. Fuller. CROUD*. See Crowd. CROUPS, krS&p. 315. n. s. [croupe, Fi\] The rump of a fowl. The buttocks of a horse. Clumcer. CROUP*, kroOp. n. s. A kind of asthma or catarrh, to which children are subject. CROUP A'DES, kr65-padz'. n. s. Higher leaps than those of curvets. Fatrier's Diet. CROWS, kr6. 324. n. s. [cpap, Sax.] A large black bird that feeds upon the carcasses of beasts. Shak. To pluck a crow, is to be contentious about that which is of no value. L' Estrange. A bar of iron used as a lever to force open doors. Sliak. The voice of a cock. To CROW, kr6. v. n. preterit, I crew, or crowed ; / have crowed. To make the noise which a cock makes in gayety, or defiance. Shak. To boast ; to bully ; to bluster. Bp. Hall. CROWDS, kr6ud. 323. n.s. [cp.u3, Sax.] A mul- titude confusedly pressed together. A promiscuous medley, without order or distinction. Pope. The vulgar; the populace. Dryden. [Crwth, Welsh.] A fiddle. Wicliffe. To CROWD, kroud. v. a. To fill with confused mul- titudes. Watts. To press close together. Shak. To encumber by multitudes. Granville. — To crowd sail. To spread wide the sails upon the yards. To CROWD, kroud. v. n. To swarm; to be nume- rous. Dryden. To thrust among a multitude Cowley. To CROWD*, kroud. v. n. To fiddle. Massinger. CRO'WDER, krou'-dur. n. s. A fiddler. Sidney. CRO'WFLOWER*; kro'-flou-ur. n.s. A kind of campion. Sliakspeare. CRO'WFOOT, kr6'-fut. n.s. A flower. Croxall. CRC^WFOOT, knV-fut. n. s. A caltrop. Miliary Diet. , , a CRO'WKEEPER, kro'-kee-pur. n. s. A scarecrow. Shakspeare. CROWN §, krdfln. 323. n. s. [corona, Lat.J The or- nament of the head which denotes imperial and re- gal dignity. Shak. A garland. Ecclus. Reward ; honorary distinction. 1 Corinthians. Regal pow- er ; royalty. Locke. _ The top of the head. Shak. The top of any thing ; as, of a mountain. Shak. Part of the hat that covers the head. Sharp. A piece of money anciently stamped with a crown CRU CRU — 116, m6ve, nor, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ;— p6und ; — thin, THis. in value five shillings. Baton. Honour ; ornament ; dignity. Ecclus. Completion: accomplishment. CROWN-IMPERIAL, kroun-lm-pe'-re-al. n.s. A plant. Shakspeare. To CROWN, kroun. v. a. To invest with the crown. Shak. To cover as with a crown. Dryden. To dignify j to adorn} to make illustrious. Psalm. To reward 3 to recompense. Roscommon. To complete ; to perfect. South. To terminate ; to finish. Dryd. CRO' WNER*, krdfin'-fir. n. s. A perfecter. Beau- mont and Fletcher. CRO'WNET, kroun'-et. The same with coivnet, which see. Chief end; last purpose. CRO'WNGLASS, krdun'-glas. n. s. The finest sort of window-glass. CROWDING*, kro&n'-mg. n. s. [In architecture.] That which finishes or crowns any decoration. CRO' WIN POST, krSun'-post. n. s. A post which, in building, stands upright in the middle, between two principal rafters. CRO'WNSCAB. kroun'-skab. n.s. A stinking, filthy scab, round about the corners of a horse's hoof. Farrier's Diet. CROWN-THISTLE, krdfln'-i/ils'-sl. n. s. A flower. CRO'WNWHEEL, kr6tW-hwele. n. s. The upper wheel of a watch, next the balance. CRO WN WORKS, krdun'-wfirks. n. s. Bulwarks advanced towards the field to gain some hill or rising ground. Harris. CROWS-FEET*, kr6ze'-feet. n. s. The wrinkles under the eyes, which are the effect of age. ClwLueer. CRO'WTOE, kro'-to. n.s. A plant. Mi/ton. CRO'YLSTONE, kr3il'-st6ne. n.s. Crystallized cauk. Woodward. CRUNCHED, or CRUNCHED friars* See Crouched. CRU'CIAL, krSS'-she-al. 357. a. [crux, cruris, Lat.] J Transverse ; intersecting one another. Sltarp. To CRIPCIATE §, kr66'-she-ate. v. a. [crucio, Lat.] To torture ; to torment ; to excruciate. Bale. CRU'CIATE*, krSo'-she-ate. a. Tormented. Bah. CRUCIA'TION* krofi-she-a'-shun. n.s. Tonure. Bp. Hall. CRUCIBLE, kr55'-se-bl. n.s. [crucibulum, low Lat.] A chymist's melting pot, formerly marked with a cross. Peacham. CRUCIFEROUS, kr66-s?f'-e-rus. a. Bearing the cross. Diet. CRU'CIFIER, kro&'-se-fl-ur. n. s. He that inflicts 'he punishment of crucifixion. Hammond. CRUCIFLX, kroo'-se-flks. n.s. [a-ucifixus, Lat.] A representation in picture of our Lord's passion. Addison. The cross of Christ; figuratively, the religion of Christ. Bp. Taylor. CRUCIFFXION, kr6S-se-fik'-shun. n. s. The pun- ishment of nailing to a cross. Addison. CRU'CIFORM, kr66'-se-fdrm. a. Having the form of a cross. Warton. To CRU'CIFY §, kroo'-se-f 1. 183. v a. [crurifgo, Lat.] To put to death by nailing the hands and feet to a cross set upright. Hebrews. To torment; to vex. Barton. CRUCFGEROUS, kroS-sidje'-e-rus. a. [crueiger, Lat.] Bearing the cross. CRUD§. See Curd. CRUDER krood. 339. a. [ci-udus, Lat.] Raw; not subdued by fire. Not changed by any process. Boyle. Harsh; unripe. Bacon. Not well digest- ed in the stomach. Bacon. Unfinished} immature. Milton. Having indigested notions. Milion. Lidi- gested. B. Jonson. CRU'DELY, kr63dMe. ad. Unripely; without due preparation. Dryden. CRU'DENESS, krofld'-nes. n. s. Unripeness. CHl- l.inxworth. CRU'DITY, krOO'-de-te. n. s. [cruditas, Lat.] Jndi- festion; inconcoction. Brown. Unripeness. In- igested notion. Walerland. To CRU'DLE, kroS'-dl. v. a. To coagulate; to con- geal. Spenser. CRL T/ DY, krdo'-de. a. Concreted ; coagulated. Spen- ser Raw; chill. Sluikspeare. I CRU'EL $, krC-d'-ll. 339, 99. a. [cruel, Fr.] Inhuman ; hardhearted ; void of pity- Jer- Bloody j mis- ch.evous; destructive. Psalm. | CRUELLY, krO&Ml-le. ad. In a c~jel manner. South. Painfully; mischievously. Spenser. Ex- tremely. Goodma.n. CRU'ELNESS, kr6cV-ll-n£s. n. s. Lihumanity; cru- elty. Spenser. Destructiveness. Ld. Surrey. CRU'ELTY, kroo'-'il-te. n. s. Inhumanity ; savage- ness; barbarity. Shak. Act of intentional afflic- tion. Temple. CRU'ENTATE, krc-O'-en-tate. 91. a. [crueniaius, LatJ Smeared with blood. Glanville. CRU'ET, kr6o'-it. 99. n. s. [cruchette, Fr.] A via) for vinegar or oil, with a stopple, Sicift. CRUISE, kro-os. 339. n. s. [kruicke, Dutch.] A small cup. 1 Kings. CRUISER, krSfiz. n.s. [croise, Fr.] A voyage in search of plunder. To CRUISE, krooz. 441. v.n. To rove over the sea in search of plunder, or without any certain course. CRU'ISER ; kroo'-zur. n. s. One that roves upon the sea in search of plunder. Wiseman. A ship employed in sailing to and fro for the protection of merchant-ships. CRUM§, or CRUMBS, krum. n.s. [cpuma, Sax.] The soft part of bread ; not the crust. Bacon. A small particle cr fragment of bread. Thomson. To CRUM*, krum. v. a. To break into small pieces. B*arret. To CRUCIBLE, krum'-bl. 405. v. a. To break into small pieces. Herbert. To CRUCIBLE, krum'-bl. v. n. To fall into small pieces. Shakspeare. CRU'MENAL, krum'-e-nal. n.s. [crumena, Lat.] A purse. Spenser. CRU'MMABLE*, krum'-ma-bl. a. Capable of being broken into small pieces. CRU'xMMY, kriW-me. a. Soft. CRUMP §, krump. a. [cpump, Sax.] Crouked. Bp Taylor. CRUMP-SHOULDERED, krump-shile'-durd. a Having crooked shoulders. L' Estrange. CRUMPET*, krfim'-pet. n.s. [cpompehfc, Sax.] A soft cake. To CRU'MPLE, krum'-pl. v. a. [rumple, Dutch^ To draw into wrinkles. Beaumont and Fletcher. To CRU'MPLE*, kr&m'-pl. v. n. To shrink up; to contract. Smith. CRU'MPLING, krump'-lfng. n. s. A small, degen- erate apple. To CRUNK, krunk. I v.n. To cry like a To CRU NKLE, krfing'-kl. S crane. Diet. CRU'OR*, krfio'-ur. n. s. [Lat.] Gore ; coagulated blood. Greenhill. CRUP*, kriip. n. s. The buttocks. CRUP*, krup. a. Short ; brittle. CRUTPER, krup'-pur. 98. n. s. [croupe, Fr.] Thai part of the horseman's furniture that reaches from the saddle to the tail. Sidney. CRU'RAL, krOcV-ral. a. [crural, Fr.] Belonging to the leg. Arbztthnot. CRUSA'DE, kroS-sade'. )n.s. An expedition CRUSA'DO, kroS-sa'-dd. £ against the infidels. Shenstone. A coin stamped with a cross. Shak. CRUSATJER^kroS-sa'-dur. n.s. One employed in a crusade. Robertson. CRUSE. See Cruise. CRU'SET, kr6cV-sit. 99. n. s. A goldsmith's melting pot. Phillips. To CRUSH §, krush. v. a. [ecraser, Fr.] To press between two opposite bodies; to squeeze. Num. To press with violence. Shak. To overwhelm; to beat down. SJiak. To subdue 3 to conquer be- yond resistance. Spenser. To CRUSH a Cup. To empty a cup ; to drink to- gether. Sliakspeare. To CRUSH, krush. v. n. To be condensed. CRUSH, krush. n. s. A collision ; the act of rushing together. Addison. CRU'SHER*. krush'-ur. n. s. A violent breaker. CRUST §, kr&st. n. s. [crusta, Lat.] Any shell or ex CRY cue O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met 5 — pine, pin ; — ternal coat. Addison. An incrustation ; collection of matter into a hard body. Addison. The case of a pie made of meal, and baked. Addison. The ooter hard part of bread. Dryden. A waste piece of bread. Dryden. Ye '"'R.UST, krfist. v. a. To envelope ; to cover with a hard case. Dryden. To foul with concretions. Swift. To CRUST, krfist. v.n. To gather or contract a crust. Temple. CRUST A'CEOUS, krus-ta'-shfis. 357. a. Shelly, with joints ; not testaceous ; not with one continued, uninterrupted shell. Woodward. CRUSTA'CEOUSNESS, krus-ta'-shfis-ngs. n. s. The quality of having jointed shells. CRUSTA'TION* krfis-ta'-shun. n. s. An adherent covering ; an incrustation. Pegge. CRU'STILY, krfis'-te-le. ad. Peevishly; snappishly. CRU'STINESS, krfis'-te-nes. n.s. The quality of a crust. Peevishness; moroseness. CRU'STY, krus'-te. a. Covered with a crust. Dr. Favour. Sturdy 3 morose ; snappish. Preston. CRUTCH §, kr&tsh. n. s. [crucke, Germ.] A support used by cripples. Sliak. It is used for old age. Shakspeare. To CRUTCH, krutsh. v. a. To support on crutches as a cripple. Dryden. CR UX*, kruks. n. s. [Lat.] Figuratively, any thing that vexes or puzzles. Dr. Sheridan. CRUZA'DO*. See Crusado. To CRY §, krl. v. n. [crier, Fr.] To speak with ve- hemence. Shak. To call importunately. Jonah. To talk eagerly or incessantly. Exod. To proclaim ; to make publick. Jer. To exclaim. Sluxk. To utter lamentations. Sliak. To squall, as an infant. DenJiam. To weep. Donne. To utter an inarticu- late voice, as an animal. Psalm. To yelp, as a hound on a scent. Sliak. 1 o proclaim as a hawk- er. Beaumont and Fletcher. To call for vengeance or punishment. St. James. To CRY, krl. v. a. To proclaim publickly something lost or found. Crashaw. To CRY down, krl-ddun 7 . v. a. To blame ; to depre- ciate. Watts. To prohibit. Bacon. To overbear. Shakspeare. To CRY out, krl-S&t'. v.n. To exclaim; to scream. Job. To complain loudly. Atterbury. To blame ; to censure. Sliak. To declare loud. To be in labour. Slmkspeare. To CRY tip, krl-up'. v. a. To applaud; to praise. Bacon. To raise the price by proclamation. Temple. CRY, krl. n.s. Lamei. ration; shriek ; scream. Exo- dus. Weeping; mourning. Clamour; outcry. Dryden. Exclamation ot triumph or wonder. Swift. Proclamation. The hawkers' proclama- tion of wares; as, the cries of London. Acclama- tion; popular favour. Slmkspeare. Voice; utter- ance. Locke. Importunate call. Jeremiah. Yelp- ing of dogs. Waller. Yell; inarticulate noise. Zeph. A pack of dogs. SJuikspeare. CRY'AL, krl'-al. n. s. The heron. Ainsworth. CRY'ER. SeeCKiER. CRYER, krl'-fir. 166. n. s. A kind of hawk called the falcon gentle. Ainsworth. CRY'ING^kri'-fng. n.s. Importunate call, or outcry. Sir T. Elyot. CRYPT §*, kript. n. s. [kovtitio.'] A subterranean cell or cave ; especially under a church, for the inter- ment of particular persons ; a subterranean orato- ry or chapel ; the grave of a martyr. CRY'PTICAL, krip'-te-kal. ) a. Hidden ; secret. CRY'PTICK, krip'-tlk. \ Glanville. CRYPTICALLY, krfpMe-kal-le. ad. Occultly, se- cretly. CRYPTCVGAMY*, krlp-tog'-a-me. n. s. [Kptf*™ and ydixog.] [In botany.] Applied to a genus of plants whose fructification is concealed. Pennant. CRYPTOGRAPHY, krip-tog'-gra-fe. 518. n. s. [tcpvirTO) and ypdfo).'] The art of writing secret characters. Secret characters ; ciphers. CRYPTO'LOG Y, krIp-tolM6-je. 418. n.s. [k P vittu> and Adyuj.] Enigmatical language. CRYSTAL §, krfs'-lal. n. s. [/cptfcrraXAo?.] A haw, pellucid, and naturally colourless body, of which there are various kinds. A factitious body, cast m the giass houses, called also crystal glass. Chamh. Crystals [in chymistry] express salts shot or con- gealed in manner of crystal. Bacon. CRY'STAL, krls'-tal. a. Consisting of crystal Shak. Bright; transparent; pellucid. Dryden. CRYSTALLINE, kris'-tal-llne, or kris'-tal-lln. 148, 149. a. Consisting of crystal. Shak. Bright ; pel- lucid; transparent. Bacon. CRYSTALLINE Humour, kry-tal-lh^orkr^-tal- lhi u-mur. n. s. The second humour of the eye, that lies next to the aqueous, behind the uvea. Ray. CRYSTALLIZATION, kris-tal-le-za'-shfin. n s. Congelation into crystals. Quincy. The mass formed by congelation or concretion. Woodward. To CRYSTALLIZE, kr?s'-tal-llze. v. a. To cause to congeal in crystals. Boyle. To CRYSTALLIZE, krfs'-tal-llze. 159. v. n. To coagulate ; to congeal. Arbuthnot. CUB$, kub. n.s. '1 he young of a beast; generally of a bear or fox. Shak. The young of a whale perhaps of any viviparous fish. Waller. In re proach, a young boy or girl. Shakspeare. CUB*, hub. n. s. [cubo, Lat.] A stall for cattle. Con futation of N. Shaxton. To CUB, kub. v. n. To bring forth : used of beasts Dryden. To CUB*, kub. v. a. To shut up; to confine as in a cub. Burton. CUBA'TION, ku-ba'-shun. n. s. [cubatio, Lat.] The act of lying down. CURATORY, ku'-ba-tfir-e. 512. a. Recumbent. Diet. CU'BATURE, ku'-ba-tshure. 461. n. s. The finding exactly the solid content of any proposed body Harris. CUBE§, kube. n. s. [kE/3o?.] A regular, solid body, consisting of six square and equal faces or sides, and the angles all right, and therefore equal. Chambers. CUBE Root, kube'-r65t. ) n. s. The origin of a CU'BICK Root, ku'-bik-rout. \ cubick number; or a number, by whose multiplication into itself, and again into the product, any given number is formed CU'BEB, ku'-beb. n. s. A small dried fruit resem bling pepper. Hill. CUBICAL, ku'-be-kal. ) 509. a. Ha-ing the form CU'BICK, ku'-blk. $ or properties of a cube. Wilkins. CU'BICALLY* kiV-be-kal-le. ad. In a cubical method, lttore. CU'BIC ALNESS, kit'-be-kal-nes. n. s. The state of being cubical. CUBFCULAR*, ku-blk'-ku-lar. a. Belonging to the chamber. CUBI'CULARY, ku-blk'-ku-lar-e. a. [cubicularis, Lat.] Fitted for the posture of lying down. Brown. CU'BIFORM, ku'-be-fSrm. a. Of the shape of a cube. CU'BIT §, ku'-blt. n.s. [cubitus, Lat.] A measure ia use among the ancients ; originally, the distance from the elbow, bending inwards, to the extremity of the middle finger. Calmet. CU'BITAL, ku'-be-tal. a. Containing only the length of a cubit. Brown. CU'BITED* ku'-bft-ed. a.^Having the measure of a cubit. Sheldon. CU'CKINGSTOOL, kuk'-mg-stool. n.s. An engine invented for the punishment of scolds and unquiet women. Homilies. CU ; CKOLD$, kuk'-kuld. 166. n. s. [cocu, Fr.] One that is married to an adulteress ; one whose wife is false to his bed. Shakspeare. To CUCKOLD, kuk'-kald. v. a. To corrupt a man's wife. Sliak. To wrong a husband by unchastity. Dryden. CU'CKOLDLY, kuk'-kuld-le. a. Having the quali- ties of a cuckold; poor; mean; cowardly. Shak. CU'CKOLDMAKER, kuk'-kuld-ma'-kfir. n. s. One that makes a practice of corrupting wives. Shak. CUCKOLDOM, kuk'-kol-dfim. n.s. The act of 254 CUF CUL -n6, m8ve, n6r, not ; — tibe, t&b, bull; — &'il; — p6und ; — thin, THis. adultery. Dryden. The state of a cuckold. Arbuth- 1 not. CUCKOOS, kuk'-koo. 174. n. s. [cwccw, Welsh.] A bird which is said to suck the eggs of other birds, and lay her own to be hatched in their place. Sid- ney. A name of contempt. Shakspeare. CU'CKOO-BUD, k&k'-ko6-bud. ) n. s. The CUCKOO-FLOWER, kuk'-koo-flflu-ur. $ name of a flower. SJtaJcspeare. CU'CKOO-SPITTLE, kuk'-kS6-sp?t-tl. n. s. A spu- mous dew or exudation, found upon certain plants. Broun. CU;CUUEAN*, kfik'-kween. n. s. [coquine, Fr.] A vile woman ; a prostitute. B. Jonson. CUCULLATE, ku-kul'-late. 91. ? a. [cucullatus, CU'CULLATED, ku-kfilMa-ted. $ Lat.] Hooded; covered as with a hood. Having the resemblance of a hood. Brown. CU'CUMBER^ kdu^-kum-bur. 159. [kuk'-um-bur, Jones : kiV-kum-bur, Webster.'] n. s. [cucumis, Lat.] The name of a plant, and of the fruit of that plant. Miller. O^T" In some counties of England, especially in the west, this word is pronounced as if written coocumber ; this, though rather nearer to the orthography than cowcum- ber, is yet faulty, in adopting the obtuse u heard in bull, rather than the open u heard in cucumis, the Latin word whence cucumber is derived : though, from the adoption of the b, I should rather suppose we took it from the French concombre. But however this may be, it seems too firmly fixed in its sound of coiccumber to be altered, and must be classed with its irregular fellow esculent asparagus, which see. W. CUCURBIT A'CEOUS §, ku-kfir-be-uV-shus. 357. a. [cucurbila, Lat.] Plants which resemble a gourd. Chambers. CU'CURBITE, ku'-kiir-blt. 156. n. s. A chymical vessel in the shape of a gourd. Quincy. CUCU'RBITIVE*, ku-kfir'-be-tiv. a.Applied to small flat worms of the shape of the seed of a gourd. CUD §, kud. n. s. [cub, Sax.] That food which is re- posited in the first stomach, in order to rumination. Sidney. CUDDEN, kud'-dn. ) 103. n. s. [kudde, Teut.l A CU'DDY, kud'-de. \ clown ; a stupid rustick. Dry- den. To CUDDLE, kud'-dl. 405. v.n. [cuddio, Welsh.] to lie close ; to squat. Prior. To join in an em- brace. CUDDY*, kud'-de. n. s. The cole-fish. Johnson. CUDGEL §, kud'-jfl. 99. n. s. [kudse, Dutch.] A stick to strike with, lighter than a club, and shorter than a pole. Bacon. — To cross the cudgels, is to forbear the contest, from the practice of cudgel-players to lay one over the other. L' Estrange. To CU'DGEL, kud'-jil. v. a. To beat with a stick. SlwJcspeare. To beat in general. Shakspeare. CUDGEL-PROOF, kud'-j?l-pr&6f. a. Able to resist a stick. Hudibras. CU'DGELLER*, kud'-jel-lur. n.s. One who cudgels another. Milton. CU'DLE, kud'-dl. n. s. A small sea-fish. Carew. CU'D WEED, kfid'-wede. n. s. A plant. Miller. CUE §, ku. n. s. [cowe, old Fr.] The tail or end of any thing ; as, the long curl of a wig. The last words of a speech which the pla}'er who is to answer catches, and regards as intimation to begin. Shak. A hint ; an intimation. Shak. The part which any man is to play in his turn. Sliak. Humour; tem- per of mind. A farthing, or a farthing's worth. Beaumont and Fletclier. CUE'RPO, kwer'- P 6. n.s. [Spanish.] To be in cuerpo, is to be without the upper coat or cloak, so as to discover the true shape of the cuerpo or body. Hudibras. CUFFS, kuf. n.s. [kaupathian, Goth.] A blow with the fist ; a box. Sliak. Any stroke or blow. Mir- ror for Magistrates. CUFF, kuf. n. s. [coeffe, Fr.] Part of the sleeve. Beaumont and Fletcher. To CUFF, kuf. v. n. To fight ; to scuffle. Dryden. To CUFF, kuf. v. a. To strike with the fist. Shak. To strike with talons. Otway. Tt stri>e with tiw* wings. Druden. CU1 BON(>, kl-bi'-no. [A Latin .'^ression often used.] For what purpose; to what ^nd. CUI'NAGE, kwl'-nldje. n.s. The making up of twine into forms for carriage. Coicd. CUI'RASSS, kwe-raV. 340. ?i. s. [cuirasse, Fr.] A breastplate. Beaumont and Fletclier. CUIRA'SSIER, kwe-ras-seer 7 . 275. n. s. A man at arms ; a soldier in armour. Milton. CUISH, kwls". 340. n. s. [cuisse, Fr. Perhaps it should be written cuiss. Todd,.] The armour that covers the thighs. Shak. CU'LDEES*, kul-deze'. n. s. [colid^i, Lat.] Monks in Scotland and Ireland. Bp. Lloyd. CU'LERAGE, kul'-ur-aje. n. s. The «\me plant with ar smart. Ainsworth. CU'LINARY, kii'-le-nar-e. 512. a. [ciUina, Lat.] Re lating to the kitchen, or cookery. Newton. To CULL?, kul. v. a. [cueillir, Fr.] To select from others ; to pick out of many. Hooker. CU'LLER, kulMur. 98. n.s. One ~ho picks or chooses. Sherwood. CULLIBl'LITY*, kul-Ie-bn'-e-te. n. s. Credulity , easiness of belief. Swift. CU'LLIONS, kul'-yfin. 113. n. s. [coglione, Ital.] A scoundrel; a mean wretch. Shakspeare. CU'LLIONLY, kul'-yuu-le. a. Mean ; base. Shak. CU'LLIS*, k&l'-Hs. n. s. [couKs, Fr.] Broth of boiled meat strained. Beaumont and Fletcher. CU'LLUMBINE. See Columbine. CU'LLYS, kul'-le. n.s. [coglione, ltal.] A man de ceived by sharpers or a strumpet. Hudibras. , To CU'LLY, kol'-le. v. a. To befool ; to cheat. 1 CU'LLYISM*, k&l'-le-izm. n.s. The state of a cully. Spectator. CULM*, kulm. n. s. [cwlm, Welsh.] A kind of dust coal found in pits with coals, and sometimes by it- self. eiPLMEm, kul'-men. n.s. [Lat.] Summit. Sir T. - Herbert. CULMFFEROUS, kul-mifMe-r&s. a. [culmus and few, Lat.] Culmiferous plants have a smooth joint- ed stalk, and their seeds are contained in chaffy husks. Quincy. To CU'LMLNATES, kul'-me-nale. v. n. [oilmen, Lat.] To be vertical ; to be in the meridian. Mil- ton. CULMINATION, kul-me-na'-shun. n.s. The transit of a planet through the meridian. Top or crown. Farindon. CULPABFLITY, kul-pa-bil'-e-te. n. s. Blamable- ness. CU'LPABLE $, kul'-pa-bl. 405. a. [culpabilis, Lat.] Criminal. Shak. Guilty. Spenser. Blamable ; blameworthy. Hooker. CU'LPABLENESS, kal'-pa-bl-nes. n.s. Blame; guilt. W. Mounlagu. CU'LPABLY, kfil'-pa-ble.atf. Blamably. Bp. Taylor. CU'LPRIT, kul'-prit. n. s. A man arraigned before his judge. Dryden. CU'LTER, kuF-tur. n. s. [cidter, Lat.] The iron of the plough perpendicular to the share. Sluxk. It is commonly written coulter. CULTIVABLE*, kul'-te-va-bl. a. Capable of culti- vation. To CULTIVATES, kul'-te-vate. v. a. [cultiver, Fr.] To forward or improve the product of the earth by manual industry. Felton. To improve ; to melior- ate. Addison. CULTP7A /r rlON, kfil-te-va'-shfin. n. s. The art or practice of improving soils, and forwarding vege- tables. Robertson. Improvement in general. South. CULTIVATOR, kul'-te-va-tor. 521. n.s. One who improves, promotes, or meliorates. Boyle. CULTURES, kul'-tshure. 461. n.s. [cullura. Lat.] The act of cultivation ; tillage. Bacon. The art of improvement and melioration. Toiler. To CU'LTURE, kul'-tshure. v. a. To cultivate* Thomson. WLVER, kul'-vfir. 98. n. s. [culjrep, Sax.] A pigeon. Spenser. 255 CUN CUR O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— cine, pin CU'LVERHOUSE*, kul'-vur-hdus. n. s. A dovecot. CU'LVERIN, kul'-ve-rfn. n. s. [couleuvrim, Frl] A species of ordnance. Wilkins. CU'LVERKEY, kul'-vur-ke. ».a A flower. WW- CU'L VERT AIL* kul'-vur-tale. n. s. [In carpentry.] The same as dovetail. CU'MBENT* kiW-bent. a. [cumbens, Lat.] Lying down. Dyer. To CU'MBER§, kfim'-bur. 98. v. a. [kommeron, komberen, Dutch.] To embarrass ; to entangle ; to obstruct. Dryden. To crowd or load with some- thing- useless. SJiak. To involve in difficulties. Shak. To busy} to distract with multiplicity of cares. Luke. To be troublesome in any place. St. Luke. CU'MBER, kum'-bfir. n. s. Vexation) burdeusome- Hess; embarrassment. Sidney. CU'MBERSOME, kum'-bur-sum. a. Troublesome ; vexatious. Sidney. Burdensome ; embarrassing. Arbuthnot. Unwieldy ; unmanageable. Newton. CU'MBERSOMELY, kum'-bur-sum-le. a. In a troublesome manner. Slierwood. CU'MBERSOMENESS, kum'-bur-sum-nes. n. s. Encumbrance ; obstruction. Sherwood. CU'MBRANCE, kum'-branse. n. s. Burden ; hin- derance. Milton. CUMBROUS, kum'-brus. a. Troublesome; vexa- tious ; disturbing. Spenser. Oppressive ; burden- some. Milton. Jumbled 5 obstructing each other. Milton. CU'MBROUSLY, krW-brus-le. ad. In a burden- . s. A medicinal plant. [cuminum, Lat.] A plant. [cumulo, Lat.] s. The act of Consisting of some manner. CU'MFREY, kam'-fre. 1 CU'MIN, kum'-min. n. s Miller. ft^f This word, before Dr. Johnson's dictionary altered it, was, I believe, universally spelled with double m. Our ancestors were homebred enough to ihink that, if we received a word from the Latin, and conformed to the quantity of that language, it was necessary to show that conformity by a specirick orthography of our own. Thus, the first u in cuminum being short, they doubled the m to indicate that shortness ; as the analogy of our language would infallibly pronounce the u long, if the consonant were single, in the same manner as in cubick, Cupid, &c. — See Drama. W. To CUMULATE §, k.V-mu-late. 1 To heap together. Slvelion. CUMULATION, ku-mu-la'-shun heaping together. Abp. Laud. CUMULATIVE*, kvV-mu-la-tiv. parts heaped together. Bacon. 7\>CUN§*, kun. v. a. [kunna, Icel. kunnan, Goth, the parent of cunning.'] To know ; to learn perfect- ly. Barret. To cun a ship, is to direct her course. CUNCTA'TION, kunk-ta^-shun. n. s. [cunctalio, Lat.] Delay ; procrastination. Hayward. CUNCTA' TOR, kfink-ta'-tur. n. s. [Lat.] One given to delay ; a lingerer. Hammond. Ob. J. To CUND, kund. v. a. To give notice to. Carew. Oh. J. CU'NEAL§, ku'-ne-al. a. [cuneus, Lat.] Relating to a wedge. CU'NEATED, ktV-ne-a-tgd. a. Made in form of a wedge. CUNEIFORM, ku-ne'-e-form. a. [cuneus and for- ma, Lat.] Having the form of a wedge. CU'NNER, kvV-nur. n. s. A kind offish less than an oyster. Ainsworlh. CU'NNING, kiin'-nmg. 410. a. [kunnan, Goth. See To Cun. ccnnan, Sax.] Skilful ; knowing. Shak. Per- formed with skill ; artful. Spenser, Artfully deceit- ful ; sly„; designing. Bacon. Acted with subtilty. Sidney. CU'NNING, kun'-nlng. n. s. Artifice ; deceit ; sly- ness ; fraudulent dexterity. Sidney. Art j skill 5 knowledge. Psalm. CU/NNINGLY, k&n'-n?ng-le. ad. Artfully 5 slily 5 sub- til}'. B a. Having the CU'RLED-PATE*, kfirld'-pate. \ hair curled. Sliakspeare. CU'RLEW, kiV-lu. n. s. [courlieu, Fr.] A kind of water-fowl. Crrew. A bird larger than a par- tridge, with longer legs. Trevoux. CU'RLINESS*, kiV-le-n&s. n. s.. The state of any thing curled. CUTtLlNG-IRONS^kur'-ling-l'-urnz. n.s. An in- vention to curl the hair with. Johnson. CU'RLINGLY*, kurM?ng-le, ad. In a waving fash- ion or manner. Slverwood. CU'RLY*, kfir'-le. a. Inclining to curl. CURMUDGEONS kur-mud'-jun. 259. n. s. An avaricious, churlish fellow; a miser; a niggard ; a churl. Hudibras. CURMUDGEONLY, kur-mad'-jun-le. 259. a. Ava- ricious ; covetous ; churlish. L Estrange. CU ; RRANT, kfir'-ran. n. s. [from Corinthus, whence probably this fruit was first brought to us.] A small fruit tree. A small dried grape. King. CU'RRENCY, kur'-ren-se. n. s. Circulation ; power of passing from hand to hand. Swift. General re- ception. Fluency ; readiness of utterance. Con- tinuance; constant flow. Aijliffe. General esteem ; the rate at which any thing is vulgarly valued. Bacon. The papers stamped in the English colo- nies by authority, and passing for money. CU'RRENT^kfiV-rent. a. [cur reus, Lat.] Passing from hand to hand. Genesis. Generally received; uncontradicted. Sidney. Common ; general. Watts, Established by vulgar estimation. Lrrew. Fashion- able ; popular. Pope. Passable ; such as may oe allowed. Shak. What is now passing; as. the current year. CU'RRENT, kfir'-rent. n.s. A running stream. Shak. Currents are certain progressive motions of the water of the sea in several places. Harris. Course ; progression. Bacon. CU/RRENTLY, kfir'-r£nt-le. ad. In a constant mo- tion. Without opposition. Hooker. Popularly ; fashionably. CU'RRENTNESS, kur'-rent-nes. n.s. Circulation. General reception. Easiness of pronunciation, Camden. CU'RRICLE*, k&r'-re-kl. 405. n.s. [curriculus, Lat.] A course. Brotvn. A chariot. In modern times, an open chaise with two wheels,, drawn by two horses abreast. CU'RRIER, kur'-re-fir. n.s. [coriarius, Lat.] One who dresses and pares leather. Dryden. CU'RRISH, kfir'-rlsh. a. [from cur.] Having the qualities of a degenerate dog ; brutal; sour; quar- relsome. Sidney. CU'RRISHLY*, kiV-r?sh-le. ad. In a brutal or ma- lignant manner. Foxe. CU'RRISHNESS*, kur'-rfsh-nes. n.s. Moroseness, churlishness. Feltham. ToCU'RRYS, kfir'-re. v.a. [courroyer, Fr.] To dress leather, by beating and rubbing it. To beat ; to drub. Barret. To rub a horse with a scratching instrument so as to smooth his coat. Beaum. ana. Fl. To scratch in kindness; to rub down with flattery. Shakspeare. To CU RRY Favour. Properly favel, a metaphor from the stable. To become a favourite by petty officiousness, or flattery Hooker. CU'RRY*, kur'-re. n. s. A word imported from the East Indies, denoting a mixture of various eatables, a very relishable composition. CU'RRYCOMB, kfir / -re-k6me. n. s. An iron instru ment for currying horses. Locke. CARRYING*, kur'-re-ing. n.s. Rubbing down a horse. Bacon. To CURSE §, kurse. v.a. [cuprian, Sax.] To wish evil to ; to execrate ; to devote. Numbers. To mis chief; to afflict; to torment. Pope. To CURSE, kurse. v. n. To imprecate. Jud. CURSE, kurse. n.s. Malediction. Job. Affliction, torment ; vexation. Addison. CU'RSED, luV-sed. 362. part. a. Deserving a curse ; hateful ; detestable. Shak. Unholy ; unsanctified •, blasted by a curse. Milton. Vexatious} trouble some. Dryden. CURSEDLY, kur'-seM-le. 364. ad. Miserably} shamefully : a low, cant word. Pope. CU'RSEDNESS. kV-sed-n§s. n. s. The state of being under a curse. CU'RSER*, kurs'-ur. n. s. One that utters curses, Dryden. CU'RSHIP, kur'-sh?p n.s. Dogship} meanness, Hudibras. CU'RSING*, kurs'-fng. n. s. An execration. Joshua. CU'RSITOR, kur'-se-tur. n.s. [Lat.] An officer belonging to the chancery, that makes out origin- al writs. Cowel. CU'RSOP^ARY^ur'-so-ra-re.a.ftftt'SMS, Lat.] Cur- sor}''} hasty. Shakspeare. CU'RSORILY, kfir / -s6-re-le. ad. Hastily. Smith. CU'RSORINESS, k&r'-si-re-ngs. n. s. Slight at- tention. CU'RSORY^k&r'-sd-re.a. [cursorius, Lat.] Hasty} quick; inattentive. Addison. Going about; not stationary. Proceedings against Garnet. CURST §, kftrst. a. Froward; peevish; malignant; mischievous ; snarling. Ascham. CU'RSTNESS, kfirst'-nes. n. wardness; malignity. Shakspeare. CURT, kurt. «. [curtus, Lat.] Short. Brown. To CURTAIL^ kflr-tale'. v.a. [curto, Lat.] To cut off; to cut short. Shakspeare. CURTAIL Dog. n. s. A dog lawed. or mutilated 257 cus CUT O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin ;— according to the forest laws, whose tail is cut off, and' who is therefore hindered in coursing. Shak. CURTATLER*, kur-tale'-ur. n. s. One who cuts off any thing-. Waterland. CURTAILING* kur-tale'-fng. n.s. Abbreviation. Swift. CU'RTAIN §, kur'-tln. 208. n. s. [emetine, old Fr.] A cloth contracted or expanded at pleasure. Ar- butlutot. — To draw live, curtain. To close it so as to shut out the light, or conceal the object, or to open it so as to discern the object. Burnet. Shak. [In fortification.] That part of the wall that lies be- tween two bastions. Knolles. CURTAIN-LECTURE, kur / -tm-lek / -tshure. n. s. A reproof given by a wife to her husband in bed. Dryden. To CU'RTAFN, kur'-tfn. v. a. To accommodate with curtains. Shakspeare. CU'RTAL*, kur'-tal. n.s. [courtault, Fr.] Ahorse with a docked tail. B. Jonson. CURTAL* kur'-tal. a. Brief, or abridged. Mlton. CURTATE DISTANCE, kfirMate-dls'-tanse. n.s. The distance of a planet's place from the sun, re- duced to the ecliptick. CURTA'TION, kur-ta ; -shun. n. s. The interval be- tween a planet's distance from the sun and the cur- tate distance. CJiambers. CU'RTELASSE CU'RTELAX. See Cutlass. CARTILAGE*, kur'-tfi-aje. n. s. [courtillage, old Fr.] A garden, yard, or field, lying near to a mes- suage. CU'RTLY*. kurt'-le. ad. Briefly. Gayton. CUTvTSY, kurt'-se. See Courtesy. CU'RULE*, ku'-rale. a. [curulis, Lat.] An epithet applied to the chair in which the Roman magis- trates had a right to sit. Hudibras. CU'RVATED, kur'-va-ted. a. [curvatus, Lat.] Bent; crooked. CURVA'TION, kur-va'-shun. n. s. The act of bend- ing or crooking. Pearson. CURVATURE, k&r'-va-tshure. 461. n. s. Crooked- ness. Clieyne. CURVE, kurv. a. Crooked ; bent. Bentley. CURVE, kurv. n. s. Anv thing bent. To CURVES, kurv. v. a. [curvo, Lat.] To bend; to crook. Holder. To CURVED $, kur-veY. v. n. [corvetbare, Ital.] To leap; to bound. Shak. To frisk ; to be licentious. CU'RVET, kur-vet'. n. s. A leap; a bound. Fzdler. A frolick ; a prank. CURVILFNEAR, k&r-ve-bV-yar. a. [curvus and linea, Lat.] Consisting of a crooked line. Clieyne. Composed of crooked lines. CU RVITY, kur'-ve-te. n. s. Crookedness. Holder. CUSHION §, kush'-m, or kush'-fin. 289. n. s. [cous- sin, Fr.] A pillow for the seat ; a soft pad placed upon a chair. Shakspeare. &J/= I have given this word two sounds : not that I think they are equally in use ; I am convinced the first is the more general ; but because the other is but a trifling departure from it, and does not contradict the universal rule of pronouncing words of this termination. W. CUSHIONED, kush'-fnd. 359. a. Seated on a cush- ion. Dissertation, on Patiies. CU SHIONET*, kush'-ln-et. n. s. A little cushion. Beaumont. CUSP§, kusp. n.s. [cuspis, Lat.] A term used to express the points or horns of the moon, or other luminaiy. Harris. CUSPATED, kfis'-pa-teU \a. A word ex- CL T/ SPIDATED, kus'-pe-da-uM. y pressing the leaves of a flower ending in a point. CUSPIDAL* ktW-pe-dai. a. Sharp; ending in a point. More. To CUSPIDATE*, kus'-pe-date. v. a. To sharpen. Cockeram. CUSPIS*, kfls'-pis.n. *. [Lat.] The sharp end of a thing. More. CUSTARD, kus'-turd. 88. n.s. [cwstard, Welsh.] A kind of sweetmeat made by boiling eggs with milk and sugar till the whole thickens into a mass Hudibras. CUSTO'DIAL*, kus-t6'-de-al. a. Relating to custo dy, or guardianship. Lett, to the Bp. of Rocliester CU'STOTJY$,kus'-l6-de. n.s. [custodia, Lat.] Im prisonment; restraint of liberty. Bacon. Care; guardianship; charge. Numbers. Defence; preser- vation ; security. Bacon. CUSTOM^, kus'-tum. 166. n.s. [coustume, Fr.] Habit; habitual practice. Shak. Fashion; com- mon way of acting. 1 Sam. Established maimer. St. Luke. Practice of buying of certain persons. Addison. Application from buyers ; as, This trader has good custom. [In law.] A law or right, not written, which, being established by long use, and the consent of our ancestors, has been, and is. daily practised. Coicel. Tribute ; tax paid for goods imported, or exported. Bacon. To CUSTOM*, kus'-tum. v. a. To pay the duty at the custom-house for goods exported or imported Marlow. To CUSTOM*, kus'-tum. v. n. To accustom. Spenser. CUSTOM-HOUSE, kus'-lum-hdus. n. s. The house where the taxes upon goods imported, or ex- ported, are collected. Sicift. CUSTOMABLE, ktV-tum-d-bl. a. [consumable, old Fr.] Common; habitual; frequent. Bale. CUSTOMABLENESS, kus'-tum-a-bl-nes. n. s. Fre- quency; habit. Conformity to custom. CUSTOMABLY, kus'-tum-a-ble. ad. According to custom. Homilies. CUSTOMARILY, kus'-tum-ar-e-le. ad. Habitually. Pearson. CUSTOMARINESS, kus'-tum-ar-e-nSs. n. s. Fre- quency ; commonness. Government of the Tongue. CUSTOMARY", kus'-tum-ar-e. a. Conformable to established custom. Shak. Habitual. TiUolson Usual ; wonted. Shakspeare. CUSTOMED, kus'-tiimd. 359. a. Usual; common; accustomed. Shaksveare. CUSTOMER, kiV-tum-ur. n. s. One who frequents any place of sale for the sake of purchasing. Shak. A common woman. [This sense is now obsolete.] Shak. A toll -gatherer; a collector of customs. Mountagu. CUSTREL, kus'-trel. n.s. A buckler-bearer. Lord Herbert. A vessel for holding wine. Ainsworth. CUSTUMARY*, kus'-tu-ma-re. n.s. A book of laws and customs. Selden. To CUT§, ktit. pret. cut; part. pass. cut. [kola, West-Goth.] To penetrate with an edged instru- ment; to divide any continuity by a sharp edge. Shak. To hew. *2,"Chron. To carve; to make by sculpture. Shak. To form any thing by cut- ting. Exodus. To divide by passing through. Pope. To pierce with any uneasy sensation. Addison. To divide packs of cards. Prior. To intersect to cross : as, one line cuts another at right angles To castrate. Huloet. [To avoid a person; to dis- own him ; in modern, and unauthorized language. Todd.] — To cut dencn. To fell; to hew down. Knolles. To excel ; to overpower. Addison. To cut off. To separate from the other parts by cut- tingr Judges. To destroy; to extirpate. Spenser. To rescind ; to separate. Shak. To intercept ; to hinder from union or return. Bacon. To put an end to ; to obviate. Haincard. To withhold. Rog- ers. To preclude. Addison. To interrupt; to silence. Bacon. To apostrophize; to abbreviate. Dryden. To cut out. To shape ; to form. Shak. To scheme ; to contrive. Howell. To adapt. Ry- mer. To debar. Pope. To excel ; to outdo. To cut short. To hinder from proceeding by sudden interruption. Dryden. To abridge : as, The sol- diers were cut short of their pay. To cid up. To divide an animal into convenient pieces. L'Es- trange. To eradicate. Job. To CUT, kut. v. n. To make way by dividing. Ar- buthnot. To perform the operation of lithotomy Pope. To interfere : as, a horse that cuts. — To cm in. A phrase in card-ploying, when the partie CYC CZA -n6, move, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — th'm, this. determine who are to form the players. To cut up. To promise or show by the operation of the butch- er's division. Burke. CUT, kut. part. a. Prepared for use. Swift. CUT, kut. n. s. The action of a sharp or edged in- strument. The impression or separation of con- tinuity, made by an edge or sharp instrument. A wound made by cutting. Wiseman. A channel made by art. Knolles. A part cut off from the rest. Mortimer. A small particle ; a shred. Hooker. A lot made by cutting a stick ; or rather by holding pieces of paper, unequally cut, between the finger and thumb. Sidney. A near passage. South. A picture carved upon wood or copper. Brown. The stamp on which a picture is carved. The prac- tice of dividing a pack of cards. Swift. Fashion; form; shape. SliaJc. A fool or cully. Shak. A horse ; a gelding. Gascoigm, — Cut and long tail. M en of all kinds. Shakspeare. CUTANEOUS, ku-ta'-ne-us. a. [cutis, La.t] Re- lating to the skin. Floyer. CUTE*, kite. a. [cuS, Sax.] Clever; sharp. CUTH signifies knowledge or skill. Gibson. CUTICLE, ka'-te-kl. 405. n. s. [cuticula, Lat.] The first and outermost covering of the body; the scarf- skin. Quincy. A thin skin formed on the surface of any liquor. Newton. CUTPCULAR, kvi-uV-u-l&r. a. Belonging to the skin. CUTLASS, kut'-las. n. s. [coutelas, Fr.] A broad cutting sword. SJiakspeare. CUTLER, kut'-lur. 98. n.s. [coutelkr, Fr.] One who makes or sells knives. Shakspeare. CUTLERY*, kut'-le-re. n. s. The ware or articles which are made by cutlers. CUTLET*, kutMeL n. s. [cotelette, Fr.] A steak; properly, a rib. Swift. CUTPURSE, kut'-purse. n.s. One who steals by the method of cutting purses. A thief. Shakspeare. CUTTER, kut'-tur. 98. n.s. An agent or instrument that cuts any thing. Shak. A nimble boat that cuts the water. The teeth that cut the meat. Ray. An officer in the exchequer that provides wood for the tallies. Cowel. A ruffian; a bravo. Barcet. C)/tter ojf. A destroyer. SJiakspeare. CUT-THROAT, k&t'-tfirote. n. s. A ruffian ; a mur- derer. Knolles. CUT-THROAT, kut'-tfirote. a. Cruel; inhuman. Carew. CUTTING, kut'-tiW. n. s. A piece cut off; a chop. Bacon. Incision. Leviticus. Caper; curvet. Flo- rio. Division, as of a pack of cards. Hill. CUTTLE §, kut'-U. 405. n.s. [cufcele, Sax.] A fish, which, when he is pursued by a fish of prey, throws out a black liauor. Bacon. CUTTLE, kut ; -tl. n. s. A foul-mouthed fellow, who blackens the character of others. Shak. A knife. Bale. CUTWORK*, kut'-wurk. n. s. Work in embroide- rv. B. Jonson. CY'CLAMEN* sfk'-la-mgn. n. s. [Fr. and Lat.] [In botanv.] Sow-bread. Sprat. OY'CLE, sT-kl. 405. n. s. [cyclus, Lat.] A circle. A periodical space of time. Holder. A method, or account of a method continued till the same course begins again. Evehjn. Imaginary orbs; a circle in the heavens. Milton. CYCLOID^sP-klSld.n.s. [ct^Sw^s.] A geo- metrical curve, of which the genesis may be con- ceived by imagining a nail in the circumference of a wheel : the line which the nail describes in the air, while the wheel revolves in a right line, is the cycloid. Reid. §£?* Sheridan and Buchanan pronounce the y in this word short ; and Ash, Kenrick, a*id W. Johnston, long. W. CYCLOTDAL, se-klS?d'-al. 180. a. Relating to a cycloid. Chambers. CYCLO'METRY* se-klom'-e-tre. n. s. The art of measuring cycles or circles. Wallis. CYCLOP JEDFA, sl-klo-pe'-de-a. n. s. [kvk\os and ■xaiSda.'] A circle of knowledge ; a course of the sciences. #Cr I have in this word differed from Mr. Sheridan and Dr. Johnson, by placing the accent on the antepenulti- mate syllable instead of the penultimate. I know that Greek words of this termination have the accent on the penultimate syllable ; but the antepenultimate ac- centuation is more agreeable to the genius of Jur tongue, and seems to have prevailed. For, though Dr Johnson has given this word the penultimate accent, he has placed the accent on the antepenultimate syllable of ambrosia, euthanasia, and hydrophobia, though these have all the accent on the penultimate in the Greek. It is true the i in the last syllable but one of cyclopedia, is a diphthong in the original: and this will induce those, who are fond of showing their Greek learning, to lay the accent on the penultimate, as its op- position to general usage will be an additional reason with them for preferring it. The pronunciation I have adopted, I see, is supported by Dr. Kenrick, Entick, Scott, Perry, and Buchanan, which abundantly shows the general current of custom. To these observations it may be added, that if the i be ac- cented, it must necessarily have the long open sound, as in elegiac, and not the sound of e, as Mr. Sheridan has marked it. W. CYCLOPE'AN* sJ-k]6-pe'-an. a. Vast; terrifick. Bp. Hall. CY CLOPEDE* sl'-kli-peed. n. s. The modern term for cyclopaedia. Warton. CYCLOTICK*, se-klop'-lk. a. [from the Cyclopes] Savage. Bp. Taylor. CY'DER*. See Cider. CY'GNET, slg'-nh. n. s. [cygnus, Lat.] A young swan. Shakspeare. CYLINDERS, siF-ln-dur. n. s. [™X £ vfyoj.] A body having two flat surfaces and one circular. WHkins. CYLINDRICAL, se-hV-dre-kal. ) a. Partaking of CYLFNDRICK, se-uV-drfk. $ the nature of a cylinder. Woodward. CYLI'NDROID*, se-iy-dr6?d. n.s. A solid body, differing from the cylinder, as having its bases el- liptical, but parallel, and equal. Cliambers. CYMA'R, se-mtr'. 188. n. s. A slight covering ; a scarf CYMA'TIUM, se-ma'-she-um. n. s. \_Kvpdriov.'] A member of architecture, whereof one half is con vex, and the other concave. Harris. CY'MBAL, s?nV-ba]. n. s. [cymbalum, Lat.] A mu sical instrument. Sluikspeare. CYNA'NTHROPY, se-nan'-tfir6-pe. n. s. [kvm icivos and avdownos.'] A species of madness in which men have the qualities of dogs. CYNARCTO MACHY, sln-ark-tom'-a-ke. n. s [kvwv, apicrbs, [taxi-'] Bear-baiting with a dog Hudibras. CYNEGETICKS, sm-ne-jeV-iks. n.s. [wvcyvTiKa.] The art of hunting with dogs. CY'NICAL, sin'-ik-al. ) a. [kvvikos.] Having the CYNICK. -Ik. qualities of a dog; bru- tal; snarling; satirical. Bp. Taijlo CY NICK, sln'-n'ik. n. s. A philosopher of the snarl- ing sort ; a follower of Diogenes ; a rude man. Shak. CY'NOSURE, sm'-6-sure, or sl'-no-sure. 463. n. s. [Kwocdvpa.] The star near the north pole, by which sailors steer. Sir T. Herbert. CY'ON. SeeCioN. CYPHER*. See Cipher. CYTRESS-TREE, sl'-preWe. n. s. [cupressus, Lat.] A tall, straight tree, produced with great diffi- culty. Its leaves are bitter, and the smell and shade dangerous. Hence the Romans looked upon it to be a fatal tree, and made use of it at funerals. Calmet. The emblem of mourning. Shakspeare. CYTRUS, sl'-prus. n.s. [Probably from Cyprus, where it was originally made.] A thin, transparent stuff. Shakspeare. CYST §, s!st. ) n. s. [kvcttis.'] A bag containing CY'STIS §, sh'-th. ) some morbid matter. Wiseman. CY'STICK, sV-tfk. a. Contained in a bag. Arbuih. CYSTOTOMY, sls-tot'-to-me. 518. n. s. The prac- tice of opening incysted tumours. CYTISUS*, sSf-e-sas. n. s. A shrub. Congreve. CZAR§, zar. n.s. [properly tzar.} The title of the emperour of Russia. Broivn. CZA'RISH*, zar'-Ish . a. Relating to the czar. Toiler. CZARFNA, za-re'-na. n. s. The empress of Russia. Goldsmith. DAG DAM [O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m§t ;— pine, pm ;- DIs a consonant nearly approaching in sound to t, but formed by a stronger appulse of the tongue to the upper part of the mouth. The sound of a in English is uniform, and it is never mute. D*. A note or key in musick. D*, in abbreviation, is common for doctor ; as, D. D. doctor of divinity ; M. D. doctor of medicine. D*. A numeral letter, signifying five hundred. DA CAPO, da-ka'-p6. [Ital.] A term in musick, signifying that the first part of the tune should be repeated at the conclusion. To DAB §, dab. v. a. [dauber, Fr.] To strike gently with something soft or moist. Sharp. DAB, dab. n. s. A small lump of any thing. A blow with something moist or soft. Something moist or slimy thrown upon one. A kind of small flat fish. Carew. DAB*, dab. n.s. A corruption of adept. An artist ; a man expert at something. Goldsmith. To DA'BBLE§, dab'-bl. 405. v. a. [dabbelen, Dutch.] To smear; to daub; to spatter; to besprinkle. Shakspeare. To DA'BBLE, dab'-bl. v.n. To play in water. Glanvilk. To do any thing in a slight, shallow manner ; to tamper. Atterbury. DA'BBLER, dab'-lur. n. s. One that plays in water. Cleaveland. One that meddles without mastery ; a superficial meddler. B. Jonson. DA'BCHICK, dab'-tshfk. n.s. A small water-fowl. Ray. DACE, da.se. n.s. A small river-fish. Walton. DA'CTYLE, dak'-tfl. 145. n. s. [<5aK™Ao?.] A poet- ical foot consisting of one long syllable and two short. Sir J. Davies. DA'CTYLET* dak'-te-leX n. s. Dactyle. Bp. Hall. DA'CTYLICK*, dak'-te-lfk. a. Relating to the dac- tyle. Johnson. DA'CTYLIST*, dak'-te-llst, n.s. One who writes flowing verse. Warton. DACTYLOLOGY*, dak-te-l6l'-6-je. n. s. The art of conversing by the hands. Dalga.rno. D AD , dad. } n. s. The child's way of express- DA'DDY, dad'-de. S ing father. Shakspeare. To DA'DDLE*, dad'-dl. v. n. To walk unsteadily, like an old person or a child. To DADE §, dade. v. a. To hold up by a leading string. Drayton. DADO*, da'-do. n.s. [Ital.] The plain part between the base and cornice of a column ; the die. DJE'DAL. a. [docdalus, Lat.] Various ; variegated. Spenser. Skilful. Spenser. DAEDALIAN*, de-da'-le-an. a. Maze-like ; resem- bling a labyrinth. Cotgrave. DAFF§*, I A * t $ n. s. [dauf, Icel.] A blockish or DAFFE$*,$ aaI - } foolish fellow. Chaucer. To DAFF*, daf. v. a. To daunt. Grose. To DAFF§*, daf. v. a. To toss aside ; to put away with contempt ; to put off. Sliakspeare. Ob. T. DA'FFADIL*, daf-fa-dll. ~\ DA'FFADILLY*, daf-fa-dil-le. f DAFFADOWNDI'LLY, daf-fa-d6un-d?l'-le. > n.s. DAFFODIL, daf-fo-dll. \ DAFFODILLY, daf-f6-dll-le. ' A plant. Miller. DAFT. ^ See To Daff. DAG, dag. n. s. [dague, Fr.] A dagger. A hand- gun ; a pjstol. Burton. DAG*, dag. n. s. [ba#, Sax.] A slip, or shred. Chaucer. Ob. T. To DAG, dag. v. a. To daggle ; to bemire. To cut into slips. Clutucer. DAG*, dag. n.s. [dag, Dan.] Dew upon the grass. Ray. DAGGER §, dag'-fir. 98, 381. n. s. [dague,o\d Fr.] A short sword ; a poniard. Sidnexj. Ablunt blade of iron with a basket hilt, usecl for defence. The obelus or obelisk ; a mark of reference in form of a dagger ; as [t]. DA'GGeRSDRAWING, dag'-firz-draw-mg. n . s. The act of drawing daggers; approach to open violence. Hudibras. To pA'GGLE§, dag'-gl. 405. v. a. [dag, dew.] To dip negligently in mire or water; to besprinkle Swift. To DAGGLE, dag'-gl. v. n. To be in the mire ; to run through wet or dirt. Pope. DA'GGLEDTAIL, dag'-gld-tule. a. Bemired ; be- spattered. Swift. DA'GSWAIN*, dag'-swane. n. s.[dag, a shred.] A sort of carpet. Harrison. Ob. T. DA'GTAILED*, dag'-tal'd. a. Dirtied. Bp. Hall. DA'ILY§,da'-le.a. [&se^lic,Sax.] Happening every day, or very frequently. Shakspeare. DAILY, da'-le. ad. Every day ; very often. Spen- ser. DAINT§*, dant. a. [dain, Fr.] Delicate; elegant. Spenser. DAINT*, dant. n. s. Something of exquisite taste ; a dainty. P. Fletcher. DAINTILY, dane'-te-Ie. ad. Elegantly ; delicately. Bacon. Deliciously; pleasantly. Howell. Nicely, ceremoniously. B. Jonson. Squeamishly; fastid- iously. DATNTINESS, dane'-te-ne's. n.s. Delicacy; soft- ness. B. Jonson. Elegance ; nicety. Walton Delicacy ; deliciousness. Hakewill. Squeamish ness ; fastidiousness. Wotton. Ceremoniousness ; scrupulosity. DA'INTLY*, dant'-le. ad. Deliciously. Sackville. DA'INTREL*, dant'-rel. n. s. A delicacy. Tr. 01 Bullinger. Ob. T. DA'INTY, dane'-te. a. Pleasing to the palate ; deli cious. Bacon. Delicate ; nice ; squeamish. Davies Scrupulous; ceremonious. Shak. Elegant; ef- feminately beautiful. Spenser. Nice ; affectedly fine. Prior. DA'INTY, dane'-te. n.s. Something nice or delicate. Prov. A word of fondness. Shakspeare. DA'IRY§, da'-re. n.s. [deu, an old word for milk.] The art of making food from milk. Temple. The ?lace where milk is manufactured. B. Jonson. •asturage ; milk farm. Bacon. DA'IRYMAID, da'-remade. n.s. The woman ser- vant whose business is tc manage the milk. Dry- den. DA'ISIED, da'-zld. a. Fui jf daisies ; besprinkled with daisies. Shakspeare. DA'ISY §, da'-ze. 438. n. s. [bsegerego, Sax.] A spring-flower. Miller. DALE, dale. n.s. [dalei, Goth.] A low pi ace between hills ; a vale ; a valley. Spenser. DA'LLIANCE, dal'-le-anse. n.s. Interchange of ca- resses ; acts of fondness. Shak. Conjugal conver- sation. Spenser. Delay; procrastination. Shak. DA'LLIER, dal'-le-flr. n.s. A trifler ; a fondler. Ascham. DA'LLOP, dal'-lfip. n. s. A tuft, or clump. Tusser. Ob. J. TbDA'LLY§,dal'-]e. v.n. [dollen, Dutch.] To trifle; to play the fool. Shak. To exchange caresses ; to play the wanton ; to fondle. SMk. To sport ; to play. Sliakspeare. To delay. Wisdom. To DA'LLY, dal'-le. Knolles. DAM, dam. n. s. [from dame.] The mother : used of beasts. Shakspeare. DAM, dam. n. s. [dam, Dutch.] A mole or bank to confine water. Hudibras. To DAM§, dam. v. a. To confine, or shut up water by dams. Shakspeare. DA'MAGE §, dam'-mldje. 90. n.s. [damage, old Fr.] Mischief; hurt ; detriment. Bacon. Loss. Milton. The value of mischief done. Clarendon. Repara- tion of damage ; retribution. Bacon. [In law.] Any hurt or hinderance that a man taketh in his es- tate. Cowel. . . To DA'MAGE, dam'-ldje. 90. v. a. To injure ; to impair. Addison. _ ,' , To DA'MAGE, dam'-idje. v.n. To take damage, or be damaged. d DA'MAGEABLE, dam'-ldje-a-bl. a. Susceptible of hurt ; as, damageable goods. Mischievous ; per- I vicious. Featky. a. To put off; to delay. DAM DAP -no, m5ve, nor, n&t; — tube, t5b, bfili; — S>1; — pound;— (/tin, this. DA'MAGE-FEASANT*, dam'-ldje-fe'-zant. a. {damage, and/aidant, Fr. a law term.] Doing' hurt or damage. Cowel. DAMASCENE, dam'-zn. 170. n.s. [damascemu, from Damascus.] A plum ; larger than the damson. Bacon. DA'MASK$, dam'-usk. 88. n.s. [from Damascus.] Linen or silk invented at Damascus, which, by a various direction of the threads, exhibits flowers or other forms. Spenser. Red colour. Fairfax. To DA'MASK, dam'-ask. 88. v. a. To form flowers upon stuffs. To variegate ; to diversify. Milton. 1 o adorn steel-work with figures. DAMASK-ROSE, dam'-fisk-r6ze. n.s. The rose of Damascus ; a red rose. Bacon. DA'MASKENING, dam'-tis-ke-nnig. n. s. The art of adorning iron or steel, by making incisions, and filling them up with gold or silver wire. Cham- bers. DA'MASKIN*, dam'-fis-kln. n.s. A sabre; proba- blv from being made at Damascus. Howell. DAME §, dame. n. s. [dame, Fr.] A lady. Watts. A woman of rank. Drijden. Mistress of a low family. L'Estrange. Women in general. Shakspeare. DAMES-VIOLET, damz-vl'-o-let. n. s. A plant. Miller. 7b DAMN §, dam. 411. v. a. [damno, LatJ To doom to eternal torments in a future state. Bacon. To procure or cause to be eternally condemned. South. To condemn. Bp. Barlow. To hoot or hiss any publick performance. Dryden. DA'MNABLE, dam'-na-bl.'a. Deserving damnation. Hooker. Sometimes indecently used for odious ; pernicious. Shakspeare. DA'MNABLENESS*, dam'-na-bl-nes. n. s. That which deserves condemnation. Chillingworth. DAMNABLY, dam'-na-ble. ad. In such a manner as to incur eternal punishment, or deserve condem- nation. Bp. Hall. Odiously; hatefully. Dennis. It is used indecently for excessively. Confrere. DAMNATION, dam-na'-sh&n. n. s. Exclusion from divine mercy. Bp. Taylor. Condemnation. Til- lotson. DA'MNATORY, dam'-na-tfir-e. 512. a. Containing a sentence of condemnation. Waierland. DA'MNED, damd, or dam'-iieU part. a. Hateful; detestable ; abhorred. Shakspeare. [c5=This word, ia familiar language, is scarcely ever used as an adjective, and pronounced in one syllable, but by the lowest, vulgar, and profane : in serious speaking it ought always, like cursed, to be pronounced in two, 362. Thus in Shakspeare : " But oh what damned minutes tells he o'er, " Who doats, yet doubts — suspects, yet strongly loves." There is a very singular usage of this word, as a verb or participle, when it signifies the condemnation of a play; but this application of it, though authorized by the po- litest speakers, has an unhallowed harshness in it to pi- ous ears, and an affectation of force to judicious ones. It is, at least, the figure called catachresis. W. DAMNI'FICK, dam-nlf-lk. a. Procuring loss j mis- chievous. 7bDA'MNIFY, dW-ne-fl. v. a. [damnifer, Fr.] To endamage ; to injure. Spenser. DA'MNINGNESS, dam'-nmg-nes. n.s. Tendency to procure damnation. Hammond. DAMPS, damp. a. [damp, dampff, Teut. Dan. and Dutch.] Moist; inclining to wet ; foggy. Dryden. Dejected; sunk; depressed. Milton. DAMP, damp. n. s. Fog ; moist air. Milton.. A noxious vapour exhaled from the earth. Wood- ward. Dejection; depression of spirit. Milton. To DAMP, damp. v. a. To wet ; to moisten. To de- press; to deject. L' Estrange. To weaken; to abate ; to discourage. Bacon. To hebetate ; to abate motion ; to dull. Bacon. DA'MPISH*, damp'-ish. a. Moist ; inclining to wet. More. DAMPISHNESS, damp'-fsh-nes. n.s. Tendency to moisture. Bacon. DA'MPNESS, damp'-nes. n. s. Moisture j fogginess. Dryden, 19 DA'MPY, damp'-e. a. Moist ; damp. Draijton. De jected ; gloomy ; sorrowful. Hay ward. DA'MSEL, dam'-zel. 102. n. s. [damoiselle, Fr.] A young gentlewoman. Prior. An attendant of the better rank. Dryden. A wench; a country lass. Gay. DA'MSON, dam'-zn. 170. n. s. A small black plum, more bitter than the damascene. Shakspeare. DAN, dan. n. s. [from dominus.] The eld term of honour for men ; as we now say Master. Spenser. To DANCE §, danse. 78, 79. v. n. [danser, Fr.] To move in measure ; with steps correspondent to the sound of instruments. Shakspeare. To DANCE Attendance, danse. v. n. To wait with suppleness and obsequiousness. Raleigh. To DANCE, danse. v. a. To make to dance. Shak speare. DANCE, danse. 78, 79. n.s. A motion of one or many in concert, regulated by musick. Shakspeare. DA'NCER, dan'-sur. n. s. One that practises danc- ing. Woiton. DA'NCING*, dan'-sing n.s. The act of moving with steps correspondent to musick. Donne. DA'NCINGMASTER, dan'-srag-ma-stur. n.s. One who teaches the art of dancing. Locke. DA'NCINGSCHOOL, dan'-snig-skSol. n.s. The school where the art of dancing is taught. Sfuik. DANDELFON, dan-de-U'-fin. n. s. [dent de lion, Fr.] The name of a plant. Miller. DA'NDIPRAT, dan'-de-prat. n.s. [from a small coin so called of Henry tne seventh's time.] A Utile fellow ; an urchin. World of Wonders. To DA'NDLE§, dan'-dl. 405. v. a. [dandelin, Dutch.] To shake a child on the knee, or in the hands, to please and quiet him. Isaiah. To fondle ; to treat like a child. Shak. To delay; to procrastinate. Spenser. DA'NDLER, dand'-lfir. n.s. He that dandles or fondles children. Sherwood. DA NDRUFF, dan'-druf. n. s. [fcan and bpop.] Scabs in the head. DANE §*, dane. n. s. A native of Denmark. Verste- gan. DA'NEGELD*. n. s. The tribute la'd upon the Sax- ons of twelve pence upon ever)' hidt, A land through the realm by the Danes. Burke. DA'NISH*, da'-nlsh. a. Relating to the Danes. Mil- ton. DA'NEWORT, dane'-wurt. n. s. A species of elder. i DANGER?, dane'-j&r. 98. n. s. [danger, Fr.] Risk; hazard; peril. Acts. Custody. Clmiwer. TbDA'NGER, dane'-jur. v. a. To put in hazard; to endanger. Shakspeare. DA'NGERLESS, dane'-jar-les. a. Without hazard ; without risk. Sidney. DA / NGEROUS.dane / -jur-us.543. a. Full of danger. Sidney. DA'NGEROUSLY, dane'-jur-us-le. ad. Hazardous- ly ; with danger. Shakspeare. DA'NGEROUSNESS, dane'-jur-us-nes. n. s. Dan- ger; peril. Boyle. To DA'NGLE $, dang / -gl. 405. v. n. [dangla or dingla, Swedish.] To hang loose and quivering. Shak, To hang upon any one ; to be an humble follower. Swift. DA'NGLER, dang'-glfir. n.s. A man that hangs about women only to waste time. Ralph. DANK$, dangk. 408. a. [tuncken, Germ.] Damp; humid ; moist ; wet. Shakspeare. DANK*, dank. n. s. Damp. Marston. DA'NRTSH, dan^k'-fsh. a. Somewhat dank. Shak. DA'NK'ISHNESS*, dank'-lsh-nes. n.s. Moisture; dampness. Sherwood. To DAP, dap. 7 v. n. To let fall gently into the 7b DAPE, dape. S water. Walton. DAPA'TICAL, da-pat'-e-kal. a. [from dapaticus, Lat.] Sumptuous in cheer. Cockeram. DA'PIFER*, dap'-e-f&r. n. s. [Lat.] One who brings meat to the table ; a sewer. Reeve. DATPER§, dap'-por. 98. a. [dapper, , Dut.]_ Little and active; lively without bulk. M»~ neat. Spenser. 261 Mem. Pretty j DAR DAT 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m6t j— pine, pin DATPERLING, dap'-p5r-l?ng. ri. s. A dwarf ; a dandiprat. Ainsworth. DA'PPLE§, dap'-pl. 4°5. a. Marked with various colours; variegated. Locke. To DA'PPLE, dap'-pl. v. a. To streak ; to vary. n. s. A fish found in the Severn. DAR, dar 78 DART, dart. To DARE §, dare. v. n. pret. J dw?-s£ ; the preterit / dared belongs to the active dare ; part. 1" have dared, [beappan, Sax.] To have courage for any purpose ; not to be afraid. Shakspeare. ftj' If I am not mistaken, there is a prevailing pronuncia- tion of this word in Ireland, which makes it a perfect rhyme to far, bar, &c. That this is contrary to uni- versal usage in England, and to the most general rule in the language, needs not to be insisted on. The only word of a similar form which is so pronounced is the first person plural of the verb to be. But this, it must be remembered, is an auxiliary verb ; and the auxiliary verbs, being as irregular in their pronunciation as in their form, aro but indifferent models by which to regu- late the rest of the language. W. To DARE, dare. v. a. pret. 1 dared, not I durst. To challenge; to defy. SJiak. To frighten. Beau- mont and Fktcher. To D ARE Larks, dare larks. To catch them by means of a looking-glass. Carew. DARE, dare. n. s. Defiance; challenge. Slmkspeare. DARE, dare. n. s. A small fish, the same with dace. Leuciscus. DA'RER*, da'-rer. n. s. One who dares or defies. Beaumont and Fletcher. DA'REFUL, dare'-ful. a. Full of defiance. Shak- speare. Ob. J. DA'RING, da'-rlng. a. Bold; adventurous. Addi- son. DA'RINGLY, da'-rmg-le. a. Bold'y ; courageously. Atterbury. DA'RINGNESS, da/-rmg-nes. n. s. Boldness. DARK-}, dark, a. [beopc, Sax.J Not light; want- ing light. SJiak. Not of a showy or vivid colour. Leviticus. Blind ; without the enjoyment of light. Dryden. Opaque ; not transparent. Obscure ; not perspicuous. Hooker. Ignorant. Denliam. Gloomy. Addison. Secret. SJiak. Unclean ; foul. 3111- ton. •ARK, dark. n. s. Darkness ; obscurity ; want of light. Shak. Condition of one unknown. Atter- bury. Want of knowledge. Locke. A dark place; I a prison. Mirror for Magistrates. A blot; a stain. | Slrirtey. 1 ^ARK-HOUSE*, dark'-hous. n. s. Our old word for a mad-house. Shakspeare. 0ARK-WORKING*,dark / -wurk / -?ng. a. Working in a dark or foul manner. Shakspeare. To DARK, dark. v. a. To darken ; to obscure. Spenser. Ob. J. To DA'RKEN. dar'-kn. 405. v. a. To make dark. Amos. To cloud; to perplex. Bacon. To foul; to sullv. Tillotson. To DA'RKEN, dar'-kn. v. n. To grow dark. LVRKENER*, dark'-kn-ur. n. s. That which dark- ens and confounds. B. Jonson. OA'RKISH*, dark'-Ish. a. Dusky ; approaching to dark. Leviticus. DA'RKLING, dark'-llng. part. a. Being in the dark ; being without light. Shakspeare. DA'RKLY, darkle, ac/. Obscurely ; blindly. 1 Cor. DA'RKNESS, dark'-ngs. n. s. Absence of light. Genesis. Opaqueness; want of transparency. Ob- scurity. Infernal gloom ; wickedness. Shak. Ig- norance ; uncertainty. Locke. Secrecy. Johnson. The empire of Satan, or the devil. Colossians. DARKSOME, dark'-sum. a. Gloomy; obscure. Spenser. DARLING, clar'-hng. 515. a. [beoplm^, Sax.] Fa- vourite ; dear; beloved. Watts. DA'RLING, darMfng. n. s. A favourite; one much beloved. Shakspeare. To DARN§, darn. v. a. [beapnanor bypnan, SaxJ To mend holes by imitating the texture of the stuff. Milion. J 5 DA'RNEL, dar'-nll. 99. n. s. A weed growing in the fields. Sliakspeare. DA'RNICK*. See Dornick. DATtNING*, dar'-nmg. n. s. The act of mending holes in apparel. Arbuthnot. ToDA'RRAINS, daV-rln. v. a. To prepare for battle ; to range troops for battle. Carew. To ap ply to the fight. Spenser. DART §, dart. n. s. [dard, Fr.] A missile weapon thrown by the hand. Peacham. [In poetry.] Any missile weapon. Milton. To DART, dart. v. a. To throw offensively. Dryden. To throw ; to emit. Pope. To DART, dart. v. n. To fly as a dart. To let fly with hostile intention. Shakspeare. DA'RTER*, dart'-ur. n. s. One who throws a dart. To DASH§, dash. u. a. [probably from the sound.] To ihrowor strike anything suddenly. Bacon. To break by collision. Shakspeare. To throw water in flashes. Mortimer. To bespatter ; to besprinkle. Shak. To agitate any liquid, so as to make the surface fly off. Dryden. To mingle ; to adulter- ate. Addisan. To form or sketch in haste. Pope. To obliterate ; to blot. Pope. To confound ; to surprise with shame or fear. Milton. To DASH, dash. v. n. To fly off the surface, by a violent motion. Cheijne. To fly in flashes with a loud noise. Thomson. To rush through water so as to make it fly. Dryden. To strike, as a ship upon a rock. Bp. Taylor. DASH, dash. n. s. Collision. Thomson. Infusion ; something worse mingled in a small proportion. Gregory. A mark in writing ; a line . Brown. Sudden stroke ; blow ; act. Shakspeare. DASH, dash. ad. An expression of the sound of water dashed. Dryden. DA'SHING*, dash'-fng. a. Precipitate; rushing carelessly onward. Burke. DASTARD§, das'-tard. 88. n. s. [abayfcpi$an, Sax.] A coward ; a poltron. Shakspeare. To DA'STARD, das'-tard. v. a. To terrify ; to in- timidate. Dryden. To DASTARDISE, das'-tar-dlze. r. a. To intimi- date ; to deject with cowardice. Howell. DA'STARDLINESS*, das'-tard-le-n£s. n. s. Cow- ardliness. Barret. DASTARDLY, das'-tard-le. a. Cowardly; mean. Sir T. Herbert. DA'STARDNESS*, das'-tard-nes. n. s. Timorous- ness; cowardliness. DA'STARDY, das'-tar-de. n. s. Cowardliness; timorousness. Archdeacon Arnwaij. DA'TA*, da'-ta. n.s. pi. [Lat.] Truths admitted. Delany. See Datum. DA'TARY, da/-tur-e. n. s. [datarius, Lat.] An offi- cer of the chancery of Rome, through whose hands benefices pass ; and who affixes to the papal bulls Datum Romce'. Bp. Bedell. The employment of a datary. Howell. DATE'S, date. n. s. [datum, Lat.] The time at which a letter is written. SJiak. The time at which any event happened. Bp. Nicolson. The time stipu- lated when any thingshall be done. Shak. End ; conclusion. Pope. Duration; continuance. Den- liam. DATE, date. 11. s. [from dactijlus.] The fruit of the date-tree. DATE-TREE, date'-tre. n. s. A species of palm. To DATE, date. v. a. To note with the time at which any thing is written or done. Pope. To DATE*, date. v. n. To reckon. Bentley. DA'TELESS, date'-les. a. Without any fixed term Shakspeare. DA'TER*, da'-tfir. n. s. One who dates writings. Cotgrave. DA TIVE, da'-tfv. 157. a. [dativus, Lat.] [In gram mar.] The epithet of the case that signifies the person to whom any thing is given. [In Taw.] Da- tive executors are appointed by the judge's decree dJtUM*, da^tfim. n. s. [Lat.] [plural data.] A truth granted and admitted. Blackstone. 262 DAY DEA -n6, move, nor -tube, tub, bull ; — 6)1 ; — pound ; — thin, THis. To DAUB $, dawb. 213. v. a. [dabben, Dutch.] To smear with something - adhesive. Exodus. To paint coarsely. Oticay. To cover with something- specious or gross, as a disguise. Sliak. To lay on any thing gaudily or ostentatiously. Bacon. To flatter grossTv. South. To DAUB, dawb. v. n. To play the hypocrite. Sluikspeare. Ob. J. DAUB*, dawb. re. s. Coarse painting. De/any. DAUBER, daw'-bur. 93. n. s. One that daubs. Milton. A coarse, low painter. Dryden. A low flatterer. DA'UBERY, daw'-be-re. n. s. Any thing artful. Shakspivre. DA UB1XG*, daw'-bmg. n.s. Plaster} mortar. Eze- kiel. Any thing adhesive. Bp. Taylor. DA'UBY, daw'-be. a. Viscous ; glutinous. Dryden. DA UGHTERvS dawMAr.218.re s. [bohceji, Sax.] The female offspring of a man or woman. Shak. A daughter-in-law, or son's wife. A woman. Genesis. [In poetry.] Any descendant. Milton. The female penitent of a confessor. Sluikspeare. DAUGHTERLINESS*, daw'-tur-le-nes. re. s. The state of a daughter. More. DAUGHTERLY*, daw'-tur-le. a. Like a daugh- ter; dutiful. Cavendish. To DAUNT $, dant. 214. n, re. [dander , Fr.] To dis- j course ; to fright. Milton. DA'UNTLESS, dant'-ies. a. Fearless ; not dejected. Sluikspeare. DA UNTLESSNE8S, dant'-les-nes. n. s. Fearless- ness. DAUPHIN §*, daw'-fln. n. s. [daulphin, Fr.] The heir apparent to the crown of France. Shakspeare. DAUPHINESS*, daw'-fin-es. n. s. The wife or widow of the dauphin of France. Burke. DAVIDISTS*, da'-vld-ists. ) m DAVID-GEORGIANS*, da'-vld-j5r'-je-anz. \ n ' s - A sect so called from David George, who, early in the sixteenth century, blasphemously gave out that he was the Messiah, rejected marriage, and denied the resurrection. Pagitt. DAVIT*, da'-vft n. s. [davied, Fr.] A short piece of timber used in managing the anchor. DAW §, daw. n. s. A bird. Shakspeare. To DAW*, daw. r. n. [baKian, Sax.] To advance towards day 5 to dawn. Drayton To DAWDLE*, daw'-dl n. To waste time ; to A trifler; a dal- trifle. Johnson DAWDLE* daw'-dl. \ n. s. DAWDLER*, daw'-dlur. \ her. DAWISH*, daw'-lsb. a. Like a daw. Bale. DAWK§, dawk. n. s. A cant word among the work- men for a hollow, rupture, or incision, in their stuff. Moxon. To DAWK, dawk. v. a To mark with an incision. Moxon. To DAWN $, dawn. v. n. [banian, Sax.] To grow luminous; to begin togrow light. Slmk. To glimmer obscurely. Locke. To begin, yet faintly. Dryden. DAWN, dawn. n. s. The time between the first ap- pearance of light and the sun's rise. Dryden. Be- f inning ; first rise. Pope. 'WNTNG* daw'-nlng. n. s. Break of day. Chau- cer. DAY§, da. 220. n.s. [bae£, or ba£, Sax.] The time between the rising and setting of the sun, called the artificial day. St. Maltheic. The time from noon to noon, or "from midnight to midnight, called the natural day. SJiak. Light; sunshine. Ro- mans. Any time specified and distinguished from other time ; an age ; the time. Spenser. Time or season in general. Isaiah. Life : in this sense it is commonly plural. Carte. The day of contest ; the battle. Roscommon. An appointed or fixed time. Dryden. A day appointed for some commemora- tion. Sluxk. — From day to day. Without certainty or continuance. Bacon. TO-DAY. On this day. Psalm. DA'YBED, da '-he'd. n. s. A bed used for idleness and luxury in the daytime. Sluikspeare. DAYBOOK, da'-bddk. n.s. A tradesman's journal. DA'YBREAK, dV-brake. re. s. The dawn; the fir* appearance of light. Dryden. DAYDREAM*, da'-dreme. n. s. A vision or phan tasm to the waking senses. Dryden. DAYLABOUR, da'-la-bfir. re. * Labour by the day. Milton. DAYLA'BOURER, da-la'-bfir-fo-. n. s. One that works by the day. Milton. DAYLIGHT, daMlte. n.s. The light of the day Spenser. DA YLILY-, da'-le-le. [da-lil'-e, Sheridan.} n. s. The same with asphodel. DA'YSMAN, daze'-man. n. s. Umpire, or judge. Spenser. Job. D A'YSPRING, da'-sprfng. n. s. The rise of the day ; the dawn. Job. DA'YSTAR, da'-star. n. s. The morning star. 2 Pet. DA'YTIME, da'-tlme. n. s. The time in which there is light. Bacon. DAYWEARIED*, da-we'-rfd. a. Weary with the work of a day. Sluikspeare. DA'YWOMAN*, da'-wum-un. n.s. A dairymaid Shakspeare. DAYWORK, da'-wurk. n. s. Work imposed by the day. Fairfax. To DAZE §, daze. p. a. [bparj*, Sax.] To overpower with light. Fairfax. DAZIED. See Daisied. To DAZZLE^, daz'-zl. 405. ». a. To overpower with light. Bacon. To strike or surprise with splen dour. Milton. To DA'ZZLE, daz'-zl. v. re. To be overpowered with light; to lose the power of sight. Shakspeare. DAZZLEMENT*, daz'-zl-mem. n. s. The power of dazzling. Donne. DA'ZZLINGLY*, daz'-lfng-le. ad. In a manner striking with splendour or surprise. Mirror for Magistrates. DE'ACON$, de'-kn. 170, 227. re. s. [dmconus, Lat.] One of the lowest of the three orders of the clergy. 2 Tim. In Scotland : an overseer of the poor. And also the master of an incorporated company. DEACONESS, de'-kn-es. n. s. A female officer in the ancient church. Bp. Patrick. DEACONRY, de'-kn-re. ) n. s. The office of a DEACONSHIP, de'-kn-ship. \ deacon. Hooker. DEAD §, ded. 234. a. fbeab, Sax.] Deprived of life. Shale. Inanimate. Pope. Inanimate by nature. Spenser. Imitating death ; senseless. Psalm. Un active ; motionless. Carew. Empty ; vacant. Bacon Useless ; unprofitable. Bacon. Dull ; gloomy , unemployed. Knolles. Still; obscure. Hayward. Having no resemblance of life. Dryden. Obtuse ; dull ; not sprightly. Boyle. Dull ; frigid. Addison. Tasteless ; vapid : used of liquors. Uninhabited. Arbuihnot. Without the natural force or efficacy; as, a dead fire. Without the power of vegetation ; as, a dead bough. The state of spiritual death, lying under the power of sin. Eplies. Unvaried. Bacon. The DEAD, ded. re. s. Dead men. Dryden. DEAD, d§d. n. s. Time in which there is remarkable stillness or gloom. South. To DEAD, d£d. v. re. To lose force, of whatever kind. Bacon. To DEAD, ded. )v. a. To deprive of To DEADEN, ded'-dn. 405. $ any kind of force or sensation. Bacon. To make vapid, or spiritless. Bacon. DEAD-DOING, ded'-do-ing. part. a. Destructive; killing; mischievous. Spenser. DEAD-DRUNK* ded-dr&nk. part. a. So drunk as to be motionless. Davies. DEAD-HEARTED*, ded'-hart'-ed. a. Having a faint heart. Bp. Hall. DE AD-HE ARTEDN ESS*, ded'-hart'-ed-nes. n. s. Pusillanimity. Bp. Hall. DEAD-KILLING*, decl'-kil'-fing. part. a. Instantly killing. Shakspeare. DEAD-LD3T, ded-lift'. re. s. Hopeless exigence. Hvdibras. DEA DEB \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;-me, met ;— pine, pfn DEAD-RECKONING, ded'-rek'-nlng. n. s. That estimation or conjecture which the seamen make of the place where a ship is, by keeping an account of her way by the log-. DEAD-STRUCK*, ded'-struk. part. a. Confound- ed 5 struck with horrour. Bp. Hail. 7'oDE'ADEN. See To Dead. DE a DISH*, d&d'-ish. a. Resembling what is dead ; dull. Stafford. DE'ADLIHOOD*, ded' le-hud. n. s. The state of the dead. Pearson. DE'ADLINESS*, ded'-le-nes. n. s. Danger. Bp. Hall. DE'ADLY, ded'-le. a. [beablic, Sax.] Destructive; mortal. Shak. Mortal ; implacable. 1 Mace. DE'ADLY, ded'-le. ad. In a manner resembling the dead. Shale. Mortally. Ezekiel. Implacably ; ir- reconcilably. DE'ADNESS, ded'-n6s. n. s. Frigidity; want of warmth. Rogers. Weakness of the vital powers. Rom. Varidness of liquors. Mortimer. Loss of life. Fuller. Want of circulation ; inactivity. Killinizbeck. DE'ADNETTLE, dgd'-net'-tl. n. s. A weed. DEAF§, dK 231. a. [beap, Sax.] Wanting the sense of hearing. Slunk. Deprived of the power of hearing. Dryden. Obscurely heard. Shelion. Un- profitable. — A deaf nut is a nut of which the kernel is decayed. Grose. To DEAF, dfti. v. a. To deprive of the power of hearing. Donne. DE'AFLLY*, a. Lonely ; solitary; far from neigh- bours. To DE'AFEN, def -fn. 405. v. a. To deprive of the power of hearing. Dryden. DE' AFLY, def'-le. ad. Without sense of sounds. Ob- scure! y to the ear. DE'AFNESS, def-nes. n.s. Want of the power of hearing. Holder. Unwillingness to hear. King Clmrles. DEAL§, deie. 227. n. s. [bael, Sax.] Part. Exodus. Quantity ; degree of, more or less. Hooker. [From the verb to deal.] The art or practice of dealing cards. Swift, \_deyl, Dutch.] Firwood ; or the wood of pines. Boyle. To DEAL, dele. v. a. [bselan, Sax.] To distribute. Isaiah. To scatter; to throw about. Dryden. To give gradually. Gay. To distribute the cards. To DEAL, dele. v. n. To traffick ; to transact busi- ness. Bacon. To act between two persons ; to in- tervene. Bacon. To behave well or ill in any transaction. Tillotson. To act in any manner. Shakspeare. To DEAL btj. To treat well or ill. Locke. To DEAL in. To be engaged in ; to practise. Bacon. To DEAL wzthi To treat in any manner. Spenser. To DEAL with. To contend with. Sidney. To DEA'LBATE §, de-aT-bate. v. a. [dealbo, Lat.] To whiten; to bleach. Cockeram. DEALBA'TION, de-al-baV-shun. n.s. The act of bleaching or whitening. Brown. DE'ALER, de'-lur. 98. n. s. One that has to do v/ith any thing. Swift. A trader or trafficker. Isaiah. A person who deals the cards. DEALING, de'-ling. n. s. Practice; action. Hooker. Intercourse. Addison. Measure of treatment. Ham- mond. Traffick; business. Sicift. 7b DE ADULATE §*,de-am'-bu-late.u n. [deam- halo, Lat.] To walk abroad. Cockeram. DE AMBULATION, de-am-bu-la'-slmn. n. s. The act of walking abroad. Sir T. El yet. DEA'MBULATORY, de-am'-bu-!"vlur-e. a. Relat- ing to the practice of walking abroad. Bp. Morton. DEA'MBULATORY*, de-am'-bu-la-tur-e. n. s. A place to walk in. Warton. DEAN $, dene. 227. n. s. {dean, old Fr.] The second dignitary of a diocess. Coicel. The name of an officer in each college, both in Oxford and Cam- bridge. T. Warton. DE'ANERY, de'-nur-re. 98. n. s. The office of a dean. Clarendon. The revenue of a dean. Swift. The house of a dean. Shakspeare. DE'ANSHIP, dene'-stfp. n. s. The office of a dean. Warton. DEARS, dere. 227. a. [beon, Sax.] Beloved; &. vourite ; darling. Shak. Valuable ; of a high price. Pope. Scarce ; not plentiful ; sad ; hateiul ; griev ous. Shakspeare. To DEAR*, dere. v. a. To make dear. Shelion. DEAR, dere. n. s. A word of endearment ; darling. Shakspeare. DE'ARBOUGHT, dere'-bawt. a. Purchased at a high price. Milton. DE'ARLING, dere'-hng. n. s. Favourite. Spenser. DE'ARLOVED*, dereMuv'd. a. Much loved. Shak. DE'ARLY, dere'-le. a. With great fondness. Woi- ton. At a high price. Bacon. jToDEARN, darn. v. a. [bypnan, Sax.] To mend clothes. See Darn. DEARN*, dern. a. [beopn, Sax.] Lonely ; melan- choly. Shakspeare. DE'ARNESS, dere'-nes. n. s. Fondness ; kindness ; love. Shakspeare. Scarcity ; high price. Swift. DE'ARNLY, dern'-le. ad. Secretly; privately; mournfullv. Spenser. Ob. J. DEARTH," dertfi. 234. n.s. Scarcity which makes food dear. Bacon. Want ; need ; famine. Shak. Barrenness ; sterility. Dryden. To DEARTI'CULATE, de-ar-tnV-u-lale. v. a. [a* and articidus, Lat.] To disjoint; t' dismember. Diet. DE'ARY*, dere'-e. n. s. A phrase of connubial life ; a child. A. Hill. DEATHS, dkh. 234. n. s. [beaS, Sax.] The extinc- tion of life. Heb. Mortality ; destruction. Shak. The state of the dead. Shak. The manner of dy- ing. Ezekiel. The image of mortality represented by a skeleton. Shak. Murder. Bacon. Cause of death. 2 Kings. Destroyer. Broome. [In poetry.] The instrument of death. Dryden. Damnation ; eternal torments. Church Catechism. DEATH-BED, deW-bcd. n. s. The bed to which a man is confined by mortal sickness Shakspeare. DEATH-BODING*, de^-bo-dlng. pan. a. For tending - death. Shakspeare. DEATH-DARTING*, de^-dart'-?ng. part. a. In- flicting death, as it were, with a dart. Sluikspeare. DE'ATHFUL, dkh'4h\. a. Full of slaughter ; de- stiii ctive. Sidney. DE'ATHFULNESS*, d&7i'-ful-nes. n. s. Appear- ance of death. Bp. Taylor. DE'ATHLESS, deW-les. a. Immortal ; never-dying everlasting. Boyle. DE'ATHLIKE, d&Zi'-Uke. a. Resembling death. Crashaw. DEATH'S-DOOR, dhh's-dbre/. A near approach to death. Bp. Taylor. DE'ATHSMAN, Jetfis'-man. 88. n.s. Executioner hangman. Shakspeare. DEATH-SHADOWED*, detfi'-shad'-dA'd. a. En- compassed bv the shades of death. More. DEATH-TOKEN*, deW-to'-kn. n.s. That which signifies approaching death. Shakspeare. DE'ATHWARD* d&.V-ward. ad. Toward death. ' Beaumont and, Fletcher. DE'ATHWATCH, deW-wotsh. n. s. An insect that makes a tinkling noise like that of a watch, and is. imagined to prognosticate death. Gay. To DEA'URATES, de-aw'-rate. v. a. [deauro. Lat.] To gild, or cover with gold. Diet. DEA'URATE*, de-aw'-rate. a. Gilded. Bullokar. DEAURATION, de-aw-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of gilding. To DEBA'CCHATES*, de-bak'-kate. v. n. [debae- chor, Lat.] To rage or roar, after the manner of drunkards. Cockeram. DEBACCHATION, de-bak-ka'-shfin. n.s. A ra ging; a madness. Diet. To DEBA'R, de-bar', v. a. To exclude ; to hmdei Raleigh. ToDE'BA'RB, de-barb', v. a. [de and barba, Lat.] To deprive of the beard. Diet. To DEBA'RKS, de-bark', v. a. [debarquer Fr]To disembark. Diet. 2G4 DEB DEC -n(S, move, nor, 116* , — tube, tub, bull ;- -6)1 ; — pound ; — thin, DEBARKATION*, de-bar-ka'-shun. n.s. The act) of disembarking - . To DEBASED, de-base', v. a. [debas, old Fr.] To ! reduce from a higher to a lower state. Broome. To j make mean ; to degrade. Hooker. To sink 5 to vi- 1 tiate with meanness. Addisoii. To adulterate. ' Hale. DEBASEMENT, de-base'-ment. n. s. The act of | debasing or degrading. Government of the Tongue, i DEBATER, de-ba'-sur. 98. ?i. s. He that debases. I Sherwood. DEB AT ABLE, de-bate'-a-bl. a. Disputable. Hay- ward. DEBATE §. de-bate', n. s. [debat, Fr.] A personal dispute ; a controversy. Locke. A quarrel ; a con- test. Sliakspeare. To DEBATE, de-bale', v. a. To controvert ; to dis- pute. Proverbs. To dispute ; to contend for. Dry- den. To DEBATE, de-bate', v. n. To deliberate. Shak. To dispute. Toiler. To engage in combat. Spenser. DEBA TEFUL, de-bate'-fuf. a. [Of persons.] Quar- relsome; contentious. Huloet. [Of things.] Con- tested ; occasioning quarrels. Spenser. DEBATEFULLY*, de-bate'-ful-le. ad. In a con- tentious manner. Sherwood. DEBASEMENT, de-bate'-ment. n. s. Controversy ; spenser. A disputant 3 a deliberation. Shak. Batile; combat. S, DEBATER, de-ba'-tur. 98.' n controvertist. Lord Chesterfield. To DEBA'UCH§,de-bawlsh'. 213. v. a. [desbaucher, Fr.] To corrupt ; to vitiate. Florio. To corrupt with lewdness. S/iak. To corrupt by intemper- ance. Tillolson. DEBA'UCH, de-bawtsh'. n. s. A fit of intemperance, j Calami/. Luxury ; excess ; lewdness. Dryden. DEBA'UCHEDLY*, de-bawtsh'-gd-le. ad. In a profligate and licentious manner. Cowley. DEBA'UCHEDNESS*, de-bawtsh'-ld-nes. n. s. In- temperance. Bp. Hall. DEBAUCHED, deb-6-shee'. n.s. A lecher; a drunkard. South. DEBA'UCHER, de-bawtsh'-fir. n.s. One who se- duces others to intemperance. Blackwall. DEBA'UCHERY, de-bawtsh'-ur-re. n. s. The prac- tice of excess ; intemperance ; lewdness. Sprat. DEBA'UCHMENT, de-bawtsh'-ment. n. s. Corrup- tion. Bp. Taylor. DEBA'UCHNESS* de-bawtsh'-nes. ) 7i.s. Excess. DEBA'UCHTNE3S*,de-bawtshl'-nes. $ Archdeacon Arnway. To DEBE'L §, de-bel'. ) v, a. [debello, To DEBE'LLATE§, de-bel'-late. \ Lat.] Tocon- mer. Bacon. Ob. J. 1BELLATION, deVbel-la'-shun. n. s. The act of conquering in war. Sir T. More. DEBE'NTURE§, de-ben'-tshure. n. s. {debentur. Lat. from debeo.] A writ or note, by which a debt is claimed. Bacon. [In commerce.] Allowance of custom to a merchant on the exportation of goods, which had before paid a dutv. DEBE'NTURED Goods*. Such goods as are en- titled to debenture. DE BILE, deb'-il. 140, 145. a. [cfeiiYis, Lat.] Weak; feeble. Shakspeare. To DEBFLIT ATE $, de-bn'-e-tate. v. a. [debilito, Lat.] To weaken ; to make faint. Brown. DEBILITATION, de-bfl-e-ta'-shun. n.s. The act of weakening'. K. Cluirles. PEBI'LITY, de-bll'-e-te. n.s. Weakness; feeble- ness; languor. Sid?ie-y. DE'BIT §*, deb'-?t. n. s. [debit, Fr.] Money due for goods sold on credit. Burke. To DE'BIT*, dgb'-It. v. a. To enter in a book die names of those to whom goods are sold on credit, and the amount. DE'BITOR*. deV-e-tftr. 1 To DEBOI'SE*, de-bSis'. To DEBOl'SH*, de-b6ish To DEBOFST*, de-bo?st' To DEBO'SH*, de-b&sh'. R. Williams. qu DF 1 Debtor. Sliakspeare. !\ a. To disgrace or corrupt by intemper- ance. Donne. To cor- rupt; to seduce. Sir DEBOI'SE*, de-bols'. n. s. One given to intemper- ance. Butler. DEBONA'IR$, deb-6-nare'. a. [debonnaire, Fr.] El- egant ; civil ; well-bred. Spenser DEBONA'IRITY*, deb-6-nare'-e-le. n. s. Gracious- ness ; gentleness; elegance of manners. Donne. DEBONAIRLY, deb-o-nare'-le. ad. Elegantly j with a genteel air. Hidoet.. DEBONAIRNESS*, deb-6-nare'-nes. n.s. Civility: complaisance. Sterne. To DEBO'UCH*. v. n. [deboucher, Fr.] To march out of a wood, or a narrow pass, in order to meet or retire from an enemy. DEBT §, det. 347. n. s. [delritum, Lat.] That which one man owes to another. Bacon. That which anv one is obliged to do or suffer. SliaJcspeare. DE'BTLESS*, det'-les. a. Without debt ; free from debt. Chaucer. DE'BTED, det'-ted. part. Indebted; obliged to. Sliakspeare. DE'BTOR, da'-tur. 98. n. s. He that owes some- thing to another. Rom. One that owes money. Sliak. One side of an account book. Addison. DEBULLITION, deb-ul-lish/-un. n. s. A bubbling or seething over. Did. DEB U' T*, de-biY. n. s. [Fr.] A very modern ex- pression, denoting the commencement or opening of a discourse, or any design. DE'CACHORD*, dek'-a-kord. I n.s. [Siica. DECHACHO'RDON* dek-a-kor'-don. C and x°v <5>/.] A musical instrument of the ancients, having ten strings 3 figuratively, that which has ten parts. Watson. DECACU'MINATED, de-ka-ku'-me-na-ted. a. [de- c wummdhis, Lat.] Having the top or point cut off Diet. DECADE, dek'-ad. 529. n. 5. [ECLl / NE§, de-kline'. v. a. To bend down- ward; to bring down. Spenser. To shun; to avoid ; to refuse. Clarendon. To decay ; to sink. Shak. To turn off from any course. B. Jonson. To modify a word by various terminations. Watts. DECLINE, de-kllne'. n.s. The state of tendency to the less or the worse ; diminution; decay. Prior. DECLFVITY$, de-khV-e-te. 511. n.s. [declivis, Lat.] Inclination or obliquity reckoned downwards ; gradual descent. Woodward. DECLIVOUS, de-kll'-vus. 503. a. Gradually de- scending; not precipitous. To DECO'CT §, de-kokt'. v. a. [decoquo, decoctum, Lat.] To prepare by boiling. Bacon. To digest by the heat of the stomach. Davies. To boil in water, so as to draw the strength of any thing. Bacon. To boil up to a consistence. Slwdcspeare. DECO'CTIBLE, de-k6k'-te-bl. a. That which may • be boiled. Diet. DECOCTION, de-k6k'-shun. n. s. The act of boil- mg any thing, to extract its virtues. Baron. A preparation made by boiling water. Arbuth not. DECO'CTURE, de-k6k'-tshure. 461. n. s. A sub- slance drawn bv decoction. To DECOLLATE §*, de-kol'-late. v. a. [decoUo, Lat.] To behead. Burke. DECOLLATION, dek-k&l-la'-shun. n. s. The act of beheading. Brown. DECOLORATION* de-k&l-ur-a'-sl.&n. n. s. [de- coloratio, Lat.] Absence of colour. Ferrand. To DECOMPOSE §*, de-k6m-p6ze'. v. a. [decom- poser, Fr.] To decompound; to compound a second time. Burke. To dissolve : a chymical expression Kirwan. DECOMPOSITE, de-kdm-p&z'-it. 154. a. Com- pounded a second time. Bacon. DECOMPOSITION, de-k6m-p6-z?sh'-un. n.s. The act of compounding things already compounded. Instruct, for Oratory. Resolution or separation of parts. Kirwan. To DECOMPO'UND $, de-k6m-p6und'. v. a. [de- compono, Lat.] To compose of things already com- pounded. Boyle. To resolve a compound into simple parts. DECOMPO'UND, de-kom-p6und'. a. Compounded a second time. Bovle. DECOMPOUNDABLE*, de-k6m-p6un'-da-bl. a. Liable to be dissolved. British Critick. DE'CORAMENT, dek'-k6-ra-ment. n. s. Ornament; embellishment. Diet. To DECORATE $, d£k'-k6-rate. 91. v. a. [decoro, Lat.] To adorn ; to embellish. Dr. Warton. DECORATION, dek'-k6-ra'-shun. n.s. Ornament; embellishment. Dryden. DECORATOR, deV-ko-ra-tur. 521. n.s. An adorn er. Diet. DECO'ROUS, de-ko'-rus. 503. a. [decorus, Lat.] Decent; suitable to a character; becoming; prop er. Ray. ^tCr' An uneducated English speaker is very apt to pro- nounce this word with the accent on the first syllable, according to the analogy of his own language ; but a learned ear would be as much shocked at such a de- parture from classical propriety, as in the words sono- rous and canorous. 512. When once the mere English scholar is set right in this word, he will be sure to pro- nounce dedecorous witli the accent on the penultimate likewise ; and when he is told that this is wrong, be- cause that syllable in the Latin word is short, he will not fail to pronounce indecorous with the antepenultimate accent; but what will be his surprise, when he is in- formed that this too is wrong, because the penultimate syllable in Latin is long ! — See Indecorous. W. [Ac- cented deco'rous also by Entick, Sheridav, Jones and Webster ; dec'orous by Ash and Perry.] DECOROUSLY*, de-k6'-r&s-le. ad. Li a becoming manner. To DECO'RTICATE§, de-k6r'-ie-kate. v. a. [de- cortico, Lat.] To divest of the bark or husk; to peel ; to strip. Arbuthnot. DECORTICATION, de-kor-te-ka'-shfin. n.s. The act of stripping the bark or husk. Cockeram. DECORUM, de-ko'-rfim. n.s. [Lat/| Decency; behaviour contrary to licentiousness. Shakspeare. To DECO'Yf. de-koe'. 329. v. a. [koey, Dutch.] To lure into a case ; to entrap. L' Estrange. DECO'Y, de-kSe'. n.s. Allurement to mischiefs; temptation. Woodward. DECO'YDUCK, de-k6e'-duk. n. s. A duck that lure* others. •Mortimer. To DECREASE §, de-krese'. 227. v.n. [decresco, Lat.] To grow less ; to be diminished. Ecclus. To DECREASE, de-krese'. v. a. To make less; to diminish. Daniel. DECREASE, de-krese'. n. 5. Decay. Prior. The wane ; the time when the visible face of the moon grows less. Bacon. To DECRE'E §, de-kree'. v. n. [decerno, decretum. Lat.] To make an edict; to appoint by edict. Wisdom, iv. To DECRE E, de-kree'. v. a. To doom or assign by a decree. Job. DECRE'E, de-kree'. n.s. An edict; a law. Sliak 267 DEC DEE O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— An established rule. Job. A determination of a suit. [In canon law.] An ordinance, enacted by the pope with the advice of his cardinals. Ay- Uffe. DF/CREMENT, dek'-kre-ment. 503. n. s. [decre- mentum, Lat.] Decrease; the quantity lost by de- creasing - . Broivn. DECRE'PITy, de-krepMt. a. [decrepitiis, Lat.] Wasted and worn out with age ; in the last stage of decay. Shakspeare. This word is often written and pronounced, inaccurately, decrepid. T. &> W. ToDECRETITATE^, de-krep'-e-tate. v.a. \de- crepo, Lat.] To calcine salt till it has ceased to crackle in the fire. Brown. DECREPIT A/TION, de-krep-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. The crackling noise which salt makes, when put over the fire in a crucible. Quincy. DECRETITNESS, de-krep'-it-nSs. ? n. s. The last DECREPITUDE, de-krey-e-tude. ) stage of de- cay. Bentley. DECRESCENT, de-kres'-sent. a. Growing less. DE'CRETAL, de-kre'-tal. a. Appertaining to a de- cree. Ayliffe. DECRETAL, de-kre'-tal, or deV-re-tal. n. s. A book of decrees or edicts. Spenser. The collection of the pope's decrees. Howell. ft^= All our lexicographers, except Dr. Johnson, place the accent on the second syllable of this word ; and this ac- centuation, it must be confessed, is agreeable to the best usage. But Dr. Johnson's accentuation on the first syllable is unquestionably the most agreeable to English analogy: first, because it is a trisyllable and a simple, 503: next, because it is derived from the latter Latin decretalis ; which, in our pronunciation of it, has an accent on the first and third syllables ; and there- fore, when adopted into our language, by dropping the last syllable, takes the accent on the first. — See Acad- emy. That this is the general analogy of accenting words from the Latin, which drop the last syllable, is evident from the words decrement, increment, interval, &c. W. DECRE'TION*. de-kre'-shun. n. s. The state of growing less. Pearson. DE'CRETIST, de-kre'-t?st. n. s. One that studies the knowledge of the decretal. Avliffe. DE'CRETORILY*, dek'-re-tur-^-le. ad. In a de- finitive manner. Goodman. DECRETORY, dek'-kre-tur-e. 557, 512. a. Judicial ; definitive. Pearson. Critical); in which there is some definitive event. Brown. To DECRE' W*, de-kr66'. v. n. [decru, Fr.] To de- crease. Spenser. Ob. T. DECRFAL, de-krl'-al. n. s. Clamorous censure ; hasty or noisy condemnation. Sliaftesbury . DECRFER*, de-krl'-ur, n. s. One who censures hastily, or clamorously. South. DECROWNING*, de-kr3tW-fng. n. s. The act of depriving of a crown. Overbury. DECRUSTA'TION*, de-krus-ta'-shun. n.s. \de- cnistation, Fr.] An uncrusting. Cotgrave. To DECRY' y, de-krK v. a. [decrier, Fr.] To censure; to clamour against. Dryden. DECUBA'TION*, dek-ku-ba'-shun. n. s. The act of lying down. Evelyn. DECU'MBENCEy, de-kum'-bense. )rc.s. [decum- DECU'MBENCYy, de-kum'-ben-se. $ Z>o,Lat.]The act of lying down. Brown. DECU'MBENT, de-kunV-b?nt. a. Lying, or leaning ; recumbent. Ashmole. Lying in the Ded of sick- ness. Atterbury. DECU'MBITURE, de-kum'-be-tshure. n.s. The time at which a man takes to his bed in a disease. Life of Firmin. A scheme of the heavens erected for that time, by which theprognosticks of recovery or death are discovered. Dryden. DE'CUPLE, dSk'-u-pl. 405. a. [decuplus, Lat.] Ten- fold. Brown. DECU'RION, de-ku'-re-fin. n.s. [decurio, Lat.] A commander over ten ; an officer subordinate to the centurion. Temple. DECU'RSION, de-kur'-shun. n.s. [decursus, Lat.] The act of runi.ing down. Hale. To DECU'RT§*, de-kurt'. v.a. \decurto, Lat.] To abridge; to shorten. Herrick. DECURTA'TION, dek-kur-uV-shfin. 530. n.s. Cut- ting short, or shortening. To DECUSSATE y , de-kiV-sate. v. a. [decusso, Lat.] To intersect at acute angles. Ray. DECUSSATION, dek-kus-sa'-shftn. 530. n. s. The act of crossing. Ray. To DEDE'CORATEy, de-dek'-k6-rate. v.a. [-ent. n.s. That which carries. Bacon. DEFERENTS, def -ef-ents. n. s. Certain vessels in the human body, for the conveyance of humours from one place to another. Chambers. DEFERMENT*, de-fer'-ment. n.s. Delay. Sir J. Suckling. DEFE'RRER*, de-fer'-rfir. n. s. A delayer ; a putter off. B. Jensen. DE'FFLY*, def -le. ad. Finely ; nimbly. Spenser. See Defly. DEFFANCEy, de-fl'-anse. n.s. [defiance, old Fr.] A challenge ; an invitation to fight. Shak. A chal- lenge to make any impeachment good. Expres- sion of abhorrence or contempt. Decay of Piety. DEFI'ATORY* de-f l'-a-tur-e. a. Bearing defiance. Shelford. DEFf CIENCE §, de-flsh'-ense. ) n. s. [def do, Lai.] DEFICIENCY §, de-f lsh'-&i-se. S Want; something less than is necessary. Arbuihnot. Defect; imper- fection. Brown. DEFICIENT, de-fish'-ent. a. Failing; wanting; defective. Wotton. DEFICIENT Numbers are those whose parts, added together, make less than the integer. Chambers. DEFICIENTLY*, de-flsh'-ent-le. ad. In a defec- tive maimer. DEFICIT*, def -e-s?t. n. s. [Lat.] Want ; de- ficiency. Ld. Auckland. DEFI'ER, de-fl'-ur. n. s. A challenger ; a contem- ner. Beaumont and Fletcher. DEFIGURATION*, de-ffg-u-ra'-shun. n. s. A change of a better form to a worse. Bp. Hall. To DEFFGUREy*, de-flg'-ure. v. a. [de, Lat. and figure.] To delineate. IVeever. TVDEFFLEy, de-flle'. v. a. [apylan. Sax.] To make foul or impure. Shak. To pollute. Levit. To corrupt chastity ; to violate. Prior. To taint ; to corrupt. Wisdom. To DEFFLE, de-file', v. n. [deffder, Fr.] To march; to a'o off file by file. DEFl'LE, de-fife', n. s. A narrow passage ; a long narrow pass. Addison. Jt5= Some military coxcombs have endeavoured to intro- duce the French pronunciation of this word defile, as if written deff-fe-lay .- others have endeavoured to bring it nearer to our own analogy, by pronouncing it in threu syllables, as if written deff-fe-le. I am sorry to find Mr. Sheridan has adopted this pronunciation : he is fo'- lowed only by Bailey and Ash ; the first of whom has it both ways, and the last gives it only as an uncommon pronunciation. Dr. Johnson and the rest are decidedly for the general pronunciation, which is the same as the verb to defile .• and if this were urged as a reason to .-ti- ter the pronunciation of the substantive, it may be an- swered, that the remedy would be worse than the dis- ease. — See Bowl. To these observations it may be added, that, if we pro- nounce this word exactly like the French, because ir, is a military term, we ought to pronounce a file of mus- keteers, a feel of musketeers. W. DEFFLEMENT, de-file'-ment. n. s. The state of being defiled. Milton. DEFFLER, de-fl'-lur. 98. n. s. One that defiles. Ad- dison. . DEFINABLE, de-flne'-a-bl. a. That which may be defined. Dryden. That which may be ascertain- ed. Burnet. To DEFINES, de-flne'. v. a. [deftnio, Lat.] To give the definition ; to explain a tiling by its quali- ties and circumstances. Sidney. To circumscribe Newton. To decide; to determine. v.n. To determine; to de- to bound. Spenser. To DEFI'NE, de-fine', cide. Bacon.. DEFFNER, de-fl'-nur. n. s. One that explains, or describes a thing by its qualities. Prior. DE'FINITE y ,dei p -e-nit.503, 154. a. [defnitus, Lat.] Certain; limited; bounded. Sidney. "Exact; pre- cise. Shakspeare. DE'FINITE, def -e-n?t. 156. n. s. Thing explained or defined. Ayliffe. DEFINITELY t7 def-e-nu-lc. ad. Precisely; in a definite manner. DE'FINITENESS, def-e-nlt-nes. n. s. Certainty ; limitedness. DEFINITION, def-e-nish'-on. n.s. A short de- scription of a thing by its properties. Dryden. De- cision ; determination. [In logick.] The explica- tion of the essence of a thing by its kind and differ- ence. Bentley. DEFI'NITIVE, de-f?n'-e-t?v. a. Determinate ; posi- tive : express. Brown. DEFI'NITIVE*, de-fV-e-tfv. n. s. That which as certains or defines. Harris. DEFINITIVELY, de-fm'-e-tfv-le. ad. Positively; decisivelv. Shakspeare. DEFI'NITTVENESS, de-fin'-e-tlv-ngs. n. s. Deci- siveness. Did. To DEFFX*, de-f?ks'. v. a. [def go, defixum, Lat.] To fasten with nails ; figuratively, to fix earnestly. Herbert. DEFLAGRABl'LITY, def-fla-gra-bil'-e-te. n. s. Combustibility. Boyle. DEFLAGRABLE, de-fla'-gra-bl. a. Having the quality of wasting awav wholly in fire. Bmjfe. ToDETLAGRATEKdef-fla-grate. «•«• V de J la - srro, Lat.] To set fire to. DEFLAGRATION, deffla-gra'-shun. n. s. [In chymistry.] The setting fire to several thingsin their preparation. Quincy. Destruction by fire without remains. Pearson. To DEFLECT y, de-flekt'. v. n. [deflecto, Lat.] To turn aside ; to. deviate from a true course. Brown. DEFLECTION, de-flek'-shan. n. s. Deviation. Brown. A turning aside, or out of the way. W. Mounlagu. The departure of a ship from its true course. DEFLE'XURE, de-fi§k'-shure. 479. n.s. Abend- ins: down : a turning aside. Diet. DEFLORATION, def-£o-ra'-sh5n. 530. n. s. [de foratzis, I at.] The act of deflouring ; the taking away of a woman's virginity. Transl. of Bul/in- ger's Sermons. A selection of that which is most valuable. Hale. To DEFLO'UR y, de-fl6ur'. v.a. [deforer, FrJ To ravish ; to take awav a woman's virginity. Ecchis-. "270 DEG DEI — n6, m&ve, nor, not; — ulibe, tub, bull ;— 6?1 ;— p6&nd ; — th'm, THis. To take awa}' the beauty and grace of any thing. Milton. To deprive of flowers. \V. Mountain. DEFLO'URER, de-flSii'-rur. 98. n. s. A ravisher. Stafford. 7\>DEFLO'W$*, de-flo'. v.n. [defluo, Lat.] To flow, or run, as water. Brown. DFFLU'OUS, def-flu-us. a. That flows down. That falls off. DEFLU'X, de-fluks'. n. s. [dcfluxus, Lat.] Down- ward flow. Bacon. DEFLU'XION, de-flfik'-sh&n. n. s. The flow of hu- mours downward. Bacon. DE'FLY, def-lp. ad. Dexterously; skilfully. Spenser. Ob. J. Properly deftly. DEFOEDA'TION, def-fe-da'-shun The act of makim n. s. [defeda- filthy; pollution. r'-me'd. fart. a. Huloet. Base ; Hon, Fr.] Bentleu. To DEFORCE §*, de-f6rse'. v. a. [deforcer, old Fr.] To keep out of the possession of land by deforce- ment. Blackstone. DEFORCEMENT, de-f6rse'-ment. n.s. A with- holding bv force from the right owner. To DEFORMS, de-f6rm'. v. a. [deformo, Lat.] To disfigure ; to spoil the form of any thing. Shak. To dishonour; to make ungraceful. Dryden. DEFORM, de-form', a. Ugly 5 disfigured. Spen- ser. DEFORMA'TION, def-for-ma'-shun. 530. n. s. A defacing ; a disfiguring. DEFORMED, de-formd', or de- Ugly; wanting natural beauty disgraceful. B. Jonson. DEFO'RMEDLY, de-f6r'-med-le. 364. ad. In an ugly manner. DEFO'RfllEDNESS, de-fdr'-med-nes. n.s. Ugli- ness ; a disagreeable form. DEFOR'MER*, de-for'-mur. n. s. One who defaces or deforms. DEFORMITY, de-for'-me-te. n. s. Ugliness; ill- favouredness. Sliak. Ridiculousness. Dryden. Ir- regularity; inordinateness. King Cliarles. DEFORSOR, de-fSr'-sttr. 166. n. s. [forceur, Fr.] One that overcomes and casts out by force. Blount. To DEFO'UL*, de-f6ul'. v. a. To defile. Oh. T. To DEFRA'UD §, de-frawd'. v. a. [defraudo, Lat.] To rob or deprive by a wile or trick ; to cheat. Thess. DEFRAUDATION, def-fraw-da'-shun. n.s. Priva- tion by fraud. Brown. DEFRATJDER, de-fraw'-dur. n.s. A deceiver; one that cheats. Blackmore. DEFRA'UDMENT*, de-frawd'-ment. n.s. Privation by deceit or fraud. Milton. To DEFRAYS, de-fra'. v. a. [defrayer, Fr.] To bear the charges of. 2 Mace. DEFRAYER, de-fra'-ur. 98. n.s. One that dis- charges expenses. DEFRAYMENT, de-fra'-ment. n.s. The payment of expenses; compensation. Shelton. DEFT§, dM. a. [baepfc, Sax.] Neat; handsome; spruce. B. Jonson. Proper; fitting. Shakspeare. Ready; dexterous. Dryden. Ob. J DE'FTLY, deft'-le. ad. Neatly ; dexterously. Sliak. In a skilful manner. Gay. Ob. J. DE'FTNESS*, deft'-nes. n, s. Neatness ; beauty. Draifton. DEFUNCT §, de-funkt'. a. [defunct, old Fr.] Dead ; deceased. Shakspeare. DEFUNCT, de-funkt'. n.s. One that is deceased. S'l^kspeare. DE/ UNCTION, de-ffingk'-shun. 408. n.s. Death. Shakspeare. 7^ DEFY' S, de-fl'. v. a. [deffi.er,Fr.] To call to combat ; to challenge. Milton. To treat with con- tempt ; to slight. Sliakspeare. To disdain ; to re- nounce. Spenser. DEFY', de-fl'. n. s. A challenge. Dryden. Ob. J. DEFY'ER,de-fl'-ur. n.s. A challenger. South. More properly defier. To DEGE'NDER*, de-jen'-dur. v. n. To degenerate. Spenser. Ob. T. DEGE'NDERED*, de-jen'-durd. a. Degenerated Spenser. DEGENERACY, de-jen'-er-a-se. n. s. A departure from the virtue of our ancestors. Harris. A de- sertion of that which is good. Tillotson. Meali- ness. Addison. To DEGENERATES, de-jen'-er-ate. 91. v n [degenerare, Lat.] To fall from the virtue of ances- tors. Harris. To fall from a more noble to a base state. Tillotson. To fall from its kind ; to grow wild or base. Bacon. DEGENERATE, de-jen'-er-ate. a. Unlike one's an- cestors. Shakspeare. Unworthy ; base. Milton. DEGENERATELY*, de-jen'-er-ate-le. ad. In an unworthv or base manner. VVorthington. DEGENERATENESS, de-jen'-gr-ke-nes. n. s. Degeneracy. DEGENERATION, de-jen-er-a'-shun. n. s. A de- viation from the virtue of one's ancestors. A falling from a more excellent state to one of less worth. Bp. Hall. The thing changed from its primitive state. Brown. DEGENEROUS ; de-jen'-er-us. a. Degenerated. B. Jonson. Vile ; base. King Charles. DEGENEROUSLY, de-jen'-er-us-le. ad. Basely; meanly. Decay of Piety. DEGLUTITION, deg-glu-t?sh'-un. 530. n.s. [deglu- tio, Lat.] The act of swallowing. Arbuthnot. DEGRADATION, deg-gra-da'-shfin. 530. n.s. A deprivation of dignity ; dismission from office. Ay lim. Degeneracy; baseness. South. Diminution. To DEGRADE^/ de-grade', v.a. [degrader, Fr.] To put one frem his degree ; to deprive him of of- fice, dignity, or title. Shak. To lessen ; to dimin ish. Milton. To reduce from a higher to a lower state. DEGRA'DEMENT*, de-grade'-ment. n. s. Depri vation of dismitv or office. Milton. DEGRA'DINGLY* de-gra'-dfng-le. ad. In a de predating manner. Coverdry. DEGRAVA'TION, deg-ra-va'-shun. n.s. [degra .ratiis, Lat.] The act of making heavy. Diet. DEGRE'Ef, de-gree'. n.s. [dfgre,Fr:] Quality , rank; station; place of dignity. Spenser. The comparative state and condition in which a thing is. Bacon. A step or preparation to any thing. Sidney. A step; as, the step of a staircase. Chaucer. Order of lineage ; descent of family, Dryden. Orders or classes. Locke. Measure, proportion. Dryden. The three hundred and six- tieth part of the circumference of a circle. [In arithmetick.] A degree consists of three figures, viz. of three places comprehending units, tens, and hun- dreds ; so. three hundred anefsixty-five is a degree. Cocker. The division of the lines upon several sorts of mathematical instruments, [in musick.] The intervals of sounds. The vehemence or slack ness of the hot or cold quality. South. By DEGRE'ES, bi de-grecz'. ad. Gradually; by little and little. Sidney. To DEGU'STS*, de-gust', v. a. [degusio, Lat.] To taste. DEGUSTA'TION, deg-gus-ta'-shun. 530. n.s. A tasting. Did. Bp. Hall. To DEHO'RT §, de-h6rt'. v. a. [dehoHor, Lat.] To dissuade. Bp. Hall. DEHORTA'TION, de-h6r-ta'-shun. n.s. Dissua- sion. Knight. DEHO'RTATORY, de-h6r'-ta-tur-6. 512. a. Be- longing to dissuasion. Bp. Hall. DEH OUTER, de-h6r'-t5r. n. s. A dissuader. Slier- v-ood. DE'ICIDES, de'-e-slde. 143. n.s. [fe.s and cocdo, Lat.] The dcalh of our blessed Saviour. Prior. DEI'FICAL*, de-if-e-kal. a - Making divine. Homi- lies. DEIFICATION, de-e-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. The act of deifying, or making a god. Fotherby. DE'IFIER*, de'-e-f i-ur. n. s. One who makes a man a god. Coventry. DE'IFORM, de/-e-f5rm. a. Of a gMlike foim. More. 271 DEL DEL tiZr' 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t ;— pine, pi* Belonging- to the i DEIFO'RMITY* de-e-fSrm'-e-te. n. s. Resem- blance of Deity. To DEIFY § de'-e-fl. v. a. [deus and>, Lat.] To make a god of; to adore as God. Dryden. To praise excessively. Baccn. To DEIGN $, dane. v. n. [daigrnr, Fr.] To vouch- safe. Milton. To DEIGN, dane. 249. v. a. To grant 5 to permit ; to allow. Shakspeare. To consider worth notiee. Brijskett. DEIGNING, damning, n. s. A vouchsafing. To DEFNTEGRATE, cie-fn'-te-grate. v. a. [de and inlegro, Lat.] To take from the whole ; to spoil. Dirt. DEFPAROUS, de-V-pa-rfis. 518. a. [deiparus, Lat.] That brings forth a god; the epithet applied to the blessed Virgin. Diet. 1>E'ISM§, de'-fzm. n. s. [deisme, Fr.] The opin- ion of those that only acknowledge one God, without the reception of any revealed religion. Dryden. DET8T, de'4st. n. s. A man who follows no particu- lar rohgion, but only acknowledges the existence of God, without any other article of faith. Water- land. DEFSTICAL, de-?s'-te-kal. a. heresy of the deists. Waits. DETTATE*, de'-e-tate. a. Made God. Abp. Cran- mer. DETTYS, de'-e-te. n.s. [deitas, Lat.] Divinity ; the nature and essence of God. Hooker. A fabulous god. Sidmy. The supposed divinity of a heathen god. Spenser. To DEJECT Me-jekl'. v. a. [dejiao,dejectum,L totally under water. Blackmore. To overwhelm. Pope. DELU'SION, de-liV-zhun. n. s. [delusio, Lat.] The act of deluding; a cheat; guile; deceit. 2 Thes- salon. The state of one deluded. A false repre- sentation ; illusion ; errour. Milton. DELUSIVE, de-lu'-slv. 158, 428. a. Apt to decetve Prior. DELUSORY, de-lu'-s&r-e. 557, 429. a. Apt to de- ceive. Bp. Barlow. To DELVES, delv. v.a. [dalf, Goth.] To dig; to 273 DEM DEM [£? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: open the ground with a spade. Skak. To fathom; to sift, to sound one's opinion. Shakspeare. DELVE, d&v. n. s. A ditch ; a pit; a. den; a cave. Spenser. DELVE of Coals. A certain quantity of coals dug in the mine. DE'LVER, d&'-vur. 98. n. s. A digger. Fotherby. DE'MAGOGUE, dem'-a-g6g. 338; n. s. [S W ayu>- ybs.] A ring-leader of the rabble ; a popular and factious orator. King Charles. DEMA'IN, ■) Cn. s. [domaine, Fr.] That DEME'AN, ^de-mene'.-? land which a man holds DEME'SNE,) I originally of himself, op- posed to feodum, or fee, which signifies those lands that are held of a superiour lord. Phillips. Estate in land. S/iak. Land adjoining to the mansion, kept in the lord's own hand. Swift. To DEMA'ND §, de-mand'. 79. v. a. [demander, Fr.] To claim; to ask for with authority. SJmk. To question ; to interrogate. 2 Samuel. [In law.] To prosecute in a real action. DEMA'ND, de-mand'. n. s. A claim; a chal- lenging. Daniel. A question ; an interrogation. Shah. The calling for a thing in order to pur- chase it. Addison. [In law.] The asking of what is due. It hath also a proper signification dis- tinguished from plaint ; for all civil actions are pur- sued either by demands or plaints, and the pursuer is called demandant or plaintiff. DEMA'NDABLE, de-man'-da-bl. a. That may be demanded. Bacon.. DEMA NDANT, de-man'-dant. n. s. He who is actor or plaintiff in a real action. Coke. A plain- tiff. Spectator. DEMA'NDER, de-man'-d&r. n. s. One that requires a thing with authority. One that asks a question. Beaumont and Fletcher. One that asks for a thing in order to purchase it. Carew. A dunner; one that demands a debt. DEMA'NDERESS*. de-mand'-ur-es. n. s. A female plaintiff, or petitioner. Cots;rave. DEMARCATION*, de-mar-ka'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] Division ; separation of territory. Burke. DEMA'RCH*, de-martsh'. n. s. '[demarche, old Fr.] Gait ; march ; walk. London Journal. DEME'AN, de-mene'. n. s. A mien; presence; car- riage ; demeanour. Spenser. To DEME'AN §, de-mene'. v. a. [demesner, Norm. Fr.] To behave ; to carry one's self. South;, To lessen; to debase ; to undervalue. Shak. To treat; to use in a bad manner. Spenser. DEMEANOUR, de-me'-nur. 314. n. s. Carriage ; behaviour. Sidney. DEME'ANS, de-menz'. n. s. pi. properly demesnes, which see. DEME'ANURE*, de-mene'-ure. n. s. Behaviour. Barret. DE'MENCY* dcm'-Sn-se. n. s. [dementia, Lat.] Madness. Skelton. To DEME'NTATE §, de-men'-tate. tf. a. [demento, Lat J To make mad. Burton. DEME'NTATE*, de-men'-tate. a. Infatuated; in- sane. Hammond. DEMENTA'TION, de-men-ta'-shun. n. s. Making mad, or frantick. Whitlock. DEMERIT, de-mer'-lt. n. s. [demeritus, Lat.] The opposite to merit ; ill-deserving. Spenser. Ancient- ly the same with merit ; desert. Shakspeare. To DExWRIT, de-meV-?t. v. a. To deserve blame or punishment. Shelford. DEMERSED §, de-merst', or de-meV-sgd. a. Plung- ed ; drowned. Diet. DEME'RSION, de-mer'-shun. n.s. [demersio, Lat.] A drowning. The putting any medicine in a dis- solving liquor. DEME'SNE. See Demain. DF/MI§, d&m -e. inseparable, particle, [demi, Fr.] Half; one of two equal parts. This word is only used in composition ; as, demigod, that is ; half hu- man, half divine. DEMI -CANNON Lowest. A great gun that carries * ball of thirty pounds weight. Diet. DEMI-CANNON Ordinary. A great gun thai carries a shot thirty-two pounds weight. Did. DEMI-CAIN NON of the greatest Sue. A gun Uia» carries a ball thirty-six pounds weight. Diet. DEMI-CULVERIN of the lowest Size. A gun that carries a ball nine pounds weight. Diet. DExMI-CULVERIN Ordinary. A gun that carries a ball ten pounds eleven ounces weight. DEMI-CULVERIN Elder Sort. A gun that can ies a ball twelve pounds eleven ounces weight. Mili- tary Diet. DEMI-DEVIL, dem'-e-deV-vl. n. s. Half a devil. Shakspeare. DEMI-GOD, dem'-e-g&d. n. s. Partaking of divine nature ; half a god. Sidney. DEMI-LANCE, dem'-e-lanse. n. s. A light lance. Dryden. DEMI-MAN, dem'-e-man. n.s. Haifa man. Knolles. DEMI-NATURED*, dem'-e-na'-tshurd. a. Par- taking half the nature of another animal. Shak. DEMI-PREMISES*, dem'-e-prem'-e-sez. n. s. plur Half premises. Hooker. DEMI-REP*, dem'-e-rep. n. s. [demi, and an abbre- viation of reputation.'] A woman suspected of un- chastitv, but not convicted. Burney* DE31I-\VOLF, dem'-e-wulf. n. s. A mongrel dog between a dog and wolf. Shakspeare. To DE'M1GRATE§*, dem'-e-grate. v. a. [demigro, Lat.] To move from one place to another. Cockeram. DEMIGRA'TION* dem-e-gra'-shfin. n. s Change of habitation. Cockeram. DEMFSE, de-mlze'. n. s. [demise, Fr.] Death ; de- cease. Used only of a crowned head, or of the crown itself. Blackstone. To DEMFSE §, de-mlze'. v. a. To grant at one's death ; to grant by will. Stcift. DEMFSS §* de-mis', a. [demissus, Lat.] Humble. Spenser. DEMFSSION, de-mlsh'-fin. n. s. Degradation ; dimi- nution of diqinit}'. L' Estrange. DEMI'SSLY*, de-nuV-le. ad. In an humble manner. Sherwood. DE'MISSORY*. See Dimissory. To DEMIT §, de-mit'. v. a. [demitto, Lat.] To de- press; to hang down; to let fall. Brown. To sub- mit ; to humble. Norris. DEMOCRACY §, de-m&k'-kra-se. n. s. [S v ^oKpar(a.] Sovereign power lodged in the collective body ot the people. Temple. DE'MOCRAT* dem'-6-krat. ) n. s. One de- DEMO'CRATIST*, de-mok'-ra-u'st. ] voted to de- mocracy. Burke. DEMOCRATIC AL, dem-o-krat'-e-kal. 530. ) DEMOCRA'TICK* dem-6-krat'-hk. \ a ' Pertaining to a popular government ; popular. Brown. DEMOCRATICALLY*, dem-6-krat'-e-kal-le. aa. In a democratical manner. Algernon Sidney. DEMO'CRATY*, de-mok'-ra-te. n. s. Democracy Burton. To DEMO'LISH§, de-m6l'-l?sh. v. a. [demolior Lat.] To throw down buildings; to raze; to de- stroy. Tillotson. DEMO'LISHER, de-mol'-tfsh-fir. n. s. One that throws down; a destroyer; a layer waste. Bp. Taylor. DEMO'LISHMENT*, de-m6l / -?sh-me ! nt. n.s. Ruin; destruction. Beaumont and Fletcher. DEMOLITION, dem-6-l!sh'-un. 530. n. s. The act of overthrowing buildings ; destruction. Beaumont and Fletcher. DE'MON§, de'-m6n. n.s. [Salfjtwv.'] A spirit; gen- erally an evil spirit; a devil. Mede. DE'MONESS*, de'-mon-es. n. s. A pretended female divinity. Mede. DEMONIACAL, dem-o-nl'-a-kal. ) 506. a. Belong- DEMO'NIACK, de-m6'-ne-ak. < ing to the dev- il ; devilish. Milton. Influencea by the devil. Billion. DEMO'NIACK, de-mo'-ne-ak. 505. n. s. One pos sessed by the devil. Bentley. 274 DEM DEN lo, move, n6>, ii6t 3 — tube, tfib, bull ;— dil ; — pSund ; — thm, THis. DEMONIAN, de-m6'-ne-an. a. Devilish. Milton. DEMONO'CRACY, de-m6-nok'-ra-se. n. s. The power of the devil. Diet. DEMONO'LATRY, de-m6-n6l'-a-trc. n. s. [Sai- ixu)v and \drpua.] The worship of the devil. Msr. Casauhon. DEMONO'LOGY, dem-d-ndl'^d-je. 530. n.s. [Satpuv and Xo'yof.l Discourse of the nature of devils. Howell. DEMONOM1ST*, de-mon'-o-mk. n. s. One living in subjection to the devil. Sir T. Herbert. DEMONOMY*, de-m.a. [denego, Lat.] To deny. Cockeram. Ob. T. DENEGA'TION*, den-e-ga'-sh&n. n. s. A denying. Bullokar. DENIABLE, de-nl'-a-bl. a. That which may be denied. Brown. DENIAL, de-nl'-al. n. s. Negation ; the contrary to affirmation. Negation; the contrary to confes- sion. Sidney. Refusal; the contrary to grant. SJiak. Abjuration ; the contrary to acknowledge- ment of adherence. South. DENIER, de-nl'-fir. 98. n. s. A contradicter; an opponent. Watts. A disowner. Bacon. A re- fuser. King Charles. DENIE'R, de-nere'. n. s. [denarius, Lat.] A small denomination of French money ; the twelfth part of a sous. Shakspeare. To DENIGRATES, den'-e-grate, or de-nl'-grate. v. a. [denigro, Lat.] To blacken. Brown. §rj=- All our lexicographers, except Dr. Johnson, accent this word on the second syllable. Placing the accent on the first is undoubtedly conformable to a very pre- vailing analogy of our language. 503. But all words derived from Latin words, retaining the same number of syllables, seem to retain the accent of their original "503, (e.) Thus, to denigrate has the accent on the i because that letter is long, and has the accent in deni- gro ; and to emigrate has the acctrit on the first syl- lable, because in emigro the same letter is short, and the accent is on the antepenultimate. — See Abietate and Coacervate. In a former edition of this [Walker's] dictionary I follow- ed the general voice of all our orthoepists, except Dr Johnson, without recollecting that the i in the Latin denigro might be pronounced either long or short , and that, when this is the case, we generally adopt the short sound in words derived from that language: and as this short sound is more agreeable to the analogy of our own language, Dr. Johnson's accentuation seems to be preferable. 503, 545. W. DENIGRATION, den-e-gra'-shun. n. s. A black- ening. Boyle. DENIZATION, den-ne-za'-shfin. n. s. The act of enfranchising. Davies. DENIZEN §, > ,« , , ( 103. ) n.s. [dinasddyn, DENISON §; \ <^'-e-zn. J m £ a ^ of fa city, or dinestjdd, free of the city, Welsh.] A free- man ; one enfranchised ; a stranger made free. Dairies. 7^ DENIZEN, den'-e-zn. v. a. To enfranchise. Drayton. DENO'MINABLE, de-n6m'-e-na-bl. a. That may be named. Brown. To DENO'MINATE§,de-n6m'-e-nate.v.a. [denom- ino, Lat J To name ; to give a name to. Hooker. DENOMINATION, de-nom-e-na'-shun. n. s. A name given to a thing. Spenser. DENO'MINATDTE, de-n&m'-e-na-uV. a. That which gives a name. That which obtains a distinct ap- pellation. Cocker DENOMINATOR, de-n&m'-e-na-tur. 521.72.5. The giver of a name. Brown. DENOMINATOR of a Fraction, is the number below the line, showing the nature and quality of the parts which any integer is supposed to be divided into. DENO'TABLE*, de-n6'-ta-bl. a. Capable of being marked. Sir T. Brown. 275 DEO DEP \ET 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- To DENOTATE*. See To Denote. DENOTATION, den-6-ta 7 -shQn. n.s. The act of denoting'. Hammond. DENOTATIVE*, de-n6 7 -ta-liv. a. Having the power to denote. Cotgrave. To DENOTE §, de-n6te 7 . v. a. [denoto, Lat.] To mark ; to be a sign of; to betoken. Shakspeare. DENOTEMENT*, de-n6te 7 -ment. n. s. Sign ; indi- cation. Shakspeare. DENOUEMENT*, de-noo'-mong'. n. s. [Fr.] The discovery of the plot of a drama. Dr. War- ton. To DENOUNCE §, de-nounse 7 . v. a. [denuncio, Lat.] To threaten by proclamation. Deut. To threaten by some outward sign. Milton. To give information against ; to accuse publickly. Ayliffe. DENOUNCEMENT, de-nounse 7 -ment. n. s. The act of proclaiming any menace. Brown. DENOOJNCER, de-n6un 7 -sur. n, s. One that declares some menace. Milton.. DENSE §, dense, a. [densus, Lat.] Close ; compact ; approaching to solidity. Bacon. DENSITY, den'-se-te. n.s. Closeness ; compactness. Newton. DENT*, dent. n. s. A stroke or blow. See Dint. DENTAL §, den'-tal. a. [dentalis, Lat.] Belonging to the teeth. Gayton. [In grammar.] Pronounced principally by the agency of the teeth. Bacon. DENTAL, den'-tal. n. s. A small shell fish. Wood- ward. DENTED*, denoted, a. [dente 1 , Fr.] Notched. Bar- ret. DENTE'LLI, den-teT-le. n. s. [Ital.] Modillons. Spectator. DENTICULATION, den-t?k-u-la 7 -shun. n. s. [den- ticulatus, Lat.] The state of being set with small teeth, or prominences resembling teeth, like those of a saw. Grew. DENTICULATED, den-t?k 7 -u-ia-tM. a. Set with small teeth. DENTIFRICE, den'-te-frk 142. n.s. [dens and frico, Lat.] A powder made to scour the teeth. B. Jonson. To DENTFSE, den-tlze 7 . v. a. To have the teeth re- newed. Bacon. Ob. J. DENTIST*, den 7 -t?st. n. s. One who professes to heal the diseases of the teeth. DENTITION, den-tW-an. n. s. Breeding the teeth. The time at which children's teeth are bred. Smith. To DENU 7 DATE$, de-nu 7 -date. [See To Deni- grate.] v. a. [dervido, Lat.] To divest ; to strip. Hammond DENUDATION, den-nu-da 7 -shun. 527. n. s. Strip- ping or making naked. Bp. Hall. To DENU'DE, de-nude', v. a. To strip. K. Charles. To DENUNCIATE §* de-mV-she-ate. v. a. [de- nuncio, Lat.] To denounce ; to threaten. Burke. DENUNCIATION, de-nun-she-a 7 -shun. n.s. The act. of denouncing. Ward. Publication ; sanction. Shakspeare. DENUNCIATOR, de-nfin-she-a'-tur. n. s. He that proclaims any threat. He that lays an information against another. Ayliffe. To DENY 7 §, de-nl 7 . v. a. [denego, Lat.] To contra- dict ; opposed to affirm. To contradict an accusa- tion. Genesis. To refuse ; not to grant. Shak. To disown. Joshua. To renounce ; to disregard. Spi-at. To DEOBSTRU 7 CT§, de-ob-str&kt'. v. a. [deob- struo, Lat.] To clear from impediments. More. DE0 7 BSTRUENT, de-ob'-stru-ent. a. [deobstruens, Lat.] Having the medicinal power to resolve vis- cidities, or to open the animal passages. Arbvthnot. DE0 7 BSTRUENT*, de-db 7 -stru-ent. n. s. A medi- cine that has the power to resolve viscidities, or to open the animal passages. Bp. Berkeley. DE 7 ODAND, de 7 -6-dand. n. s. [Deo dandum, Lat.] A thing given or forfeited to God for the pacifying of his wrath, in case of any misfortune, by which any Christian comes to a violent end, without the fault of any reasonable creature. Cowel. To DEONERATE*, de-6n 7 -er-ate. v. a. [deonero, Lat.] To unload. Cockeram. To DE0 7 PF1LATE$, de-op'-pe-late. r. a. [de and oppilo, Lat.] To clear a passage ; to free from ob- structions. DEOPPILATION, de-6p- P e-la'-shun. n. s. Clear- ing obstructions; removal of what obstructs the vital passages. Brown. DEOTPILATlVE,de-6p'-pe-la-tlv. a. Deobstruenl. Harvey. DEORDINATION*, de-6r-de-na 7 -sh&n. n.s. [dt and ordinatio, Lat.] Disorder. Dr. Raw leu. To DE0 7 SCULATE$*, de-6s 7 -ku-laie." v. a. [deos- culor, Lat.] To kiss. Cockeram. DEOSCULATION, de-6s-ku-la 7 -shon. n.s. Kissing Stillinoffeet. To DEPAINT§, de-pant', v. a. [depeindre, Fr.] To picture ; to paint. Spenser. To describe. Meres. DEPAINTER*, de-pane 7 -tfir. n. s. A painter. G. Douglas. Ob. T. To DEP A 7 RT §, de-part', v.n. [depart, Fr.] To go away from a place. Susanna. To desist from a practice. 2 Kings. To be lost; to perish. 2 Esd. To desert ; to revolt ; to apostatize. Isaiah. To de- sist from a resolution. Clarendon. To die ; to de- cease. Gen. To part with. Shakspeare. To DEPA'RT, de-part 7 , v. a. To quit ; to leave. B. Jonson. To leave the world. Communion Ser- vice. To DEPART §, de-part 7 , v. a. [depaiiir, old Fr.] To separate ; to part. Salisbury Manual. To distri bute. Liber Festivalis. DEPA 7 RT, de-part 7 , n. s. The act of going away. Spenser. Death. Shak. [With chymists.J An ope- ration so named, because the particles of silver are departed or divided from gold, or other metal. Ba- con. DEPARTER, de-par 7 -tur. n.s. One that refines metals by separation. DEPARTING* de-part 7 -mg. n. s. A going away. Heb. Separation. Shakspeare. DEPARTMENT, de-part 7 -ment. n. s. Separate al- lotment ; province or business assigned lo a partic- ular person. Arbvthnot. A division or extent of country under the same jurisdiction. Guthrie. DEPARTMENTAL*, de-par t-meV-tal. a. Belong- ing to a department, or province. Burke. 1 DEPARTURE, de-par 7 -tshure. 461. n. s. A going away. Sfuik. Death ; decease. Sidney. A for- saking ; an abandoning. Tillotson. DEPA'SCENT, de-pas 7 -sent. a. Feeding. To DEPASTURE §, de-pas 7 -tshure. v. a. [depascor, Lat.] To eat up ; to consume by feeding upon it. Spenser, To DEPASTURE*, de-pas 7 -tshare. v.n. To feed; to graze. Blackstone. To DEPAUTERATE, de-paw 7 -per-ate. v. a. [de- paupero, Lat.] To make poor ; to empovensh. Smith. DEPE'CTIBLE, de-peV-te-bl. a. [depecto, Lat.] Tough ; clammy. Bacon. To DEPE 7 INCT, de-pant 7 , v. a. [depeindre, Fr.] To depaint ; to paint. Spenser. DEPECULATION*, de-pgk-u-l^-shun. n. s. [ile- peculatio, Lat.] A robbing of the commonwealth. Cockeram. To DEPENDS, de-pend 7 . v.n. [dependeo, Lat.] To hang from. Dryden. To be in a state influenced by some external cause. To be in a state of de- pendence. Shak. To be connected with any thing, as with its cause. Rogers. To be in suspense. Ba- con. To be fixed with attention. Dryden. To DEPEND upon. To rely on. Clarendon. DEPENDANCE, de-pen'-danse. ) n. s. The state DEPENDANCY,de-pV-dan-se S of hanging down from a supporter. Something hanging upon anoth- er. Dryden. Concatenation ; connexion. Locke. State of being at the disposal or under the sove- reignty of another. Tillotson. The things or per- sons of which any man has the dominion or dispo- sal. Bacon. Reliance; trust; confidence. Hooker. DEPENDANT, de-pen'-dant. a. Hanging down. Relating to something previous. In the power ef another. Hooker. 276 DEP DEP — 116, move, nSr, 11615 — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pound j — tli'm, this. DEPENDANT, de-peV-dant. n. s. One who lives in subjection ; a retainer. Shakspeare. DEPENDENCE, de-peu'-dense. )n.s. A thing- or DEPENDENCY, de-peV-den-se. ) person at the disposal or discretion of another. Collier. State of being subordinate. Shak. That which is not prin- cipal ; that which is subordinate. Burnet. Concate- nation ; connexion. Slunk. Relation of any thing to another. Burnet. Trust ; reliance ; confidence. Stillingfteet. DEPENDENT, de-pen'-dent. a. Hanging down. Peacham. DEPENDENT, de-peV-dent. n. s. One subordi- nate ; one at the disposal of another. Rogers. DEPE NDER, de-pen'-dfir. 98. n s. A dependant. Shakspeare. DEPE'RDITELY*, de-peV-d?t-le. ad. [deperditus, Lat.] In a lost or ruined manner. Dean King. DEPERDFTION, dep-er-dlsh'-ftn. 527. «. s. Loss 5 destruction. Brown. roDEPHLE'GMS, de-flem'. 389. ? 91. v. a. Z\>DEPHLE'GMATE§, de-fleg'-mate. \ [depldeg- mo, low Lat.] To clear from phlegm. Boyle. DEPHLEGMATION, def-Heg-ma'-shun. 530. n. s. An operation which takes away from the phlegm anv spirituous fluid by repeated distillation. Quincy. DEPHLE'GMEDNESS, de-flem'-eci-nSs. n.s. The quality of being freed from phlegm. Boyle. To DEPFCT$, de-plkl'. v. a. [depingo, depiclum, Lat.] To paint ; to portray. Bp. Taylor. To de- scribe. Felton. To DEPFCTURE*, de-pfk'-tshure. v. a. To repre- sent in colours. Weever. To DETILATE §*. dep'-e-late. v. a. [depilo, Lat.] To pull off hair. Cockeram. DEPILA'TION*, dep'-e-la'-shfin. n.s. A pulling off the hair. Dryden. DEPFLATORY, de-pu'-la-tur-e. n.s. Any ointment, salve, or water, which takes away hair. Cotgrave. DEPFLATORY*, de-pfl'-la-tur-e. a. Taking away the hair. Chambers. DETILOUS, de-pl'-lus. a. Without hair. Brown. DEPLANTA'TION, depMan-ta'-shun. n.s. [deplan- to, Lat j Taking plants up from the bed. Diet. DEPLETION, de-ple'-shun. n.s. [depleo, depletus, Lat.] Emptying. Arbuthnot. DEPLORABLE, de-plo'-ra-bl. a. Lamentable ; de- manding or causing lamentation ; dismal ; sad. Clarendon. In a more lax sense, contemptible 3 despicable. DEPLO'RABLENESS, de-pl6'-ra-bi-nes. n. s. The state of being deplorable. Diet. , DEPLORABLY, de-plo'-ra-ble. ad. Lamentably; miserably. South. DEPLO'RATE, de-pld'-rate. 91. [See To Deni- grate.] a. Lamentable : hopeless. U Estrange. DEPLORA'TION, dep-lo-ra'-shun. 530. n. s. De- ploring or lamenting. Bullokar. To DEPLO'RES, de-p!th whom anv thing is lodged in u 1st. Shakspeare. DEPOSITING*. de-piW-ft-Sng. n. s. A laying aside. Decay of Christian Piety. DEPOSFTION, dep-po-zlsh'-un. n.s. The act of giving publick testimony. Sir K. Digby. The act of degrading a prince from sovereignty. Boling- broke. [In canon law.] Deposition properly signi- fies a solemn depriving of a man of his clerical or- ders. Ayliffe. DEPOSITORY, de-poz'-e-tfir-e. n. s. The place where any thing is lodged. Burke. DEPO'SITUM*, de-poz'-e-tfim. n. s. [Lat.] That which is intrusted to the care of another; a deposit. Warburton. DEPO' 7'*, de-po'. n. s. [Fr.] A place, in which stores are deposited lor the use of an army. British Criiick DEPRAVATION, dep-ra-va'-shun. 530. n. s. The act of making any thing bad ; corruption. Swift. Degeneracy ; depravity. South. Defamation ; cen- sure. Sliakspcare. To DEPRIVE §, de-prave'. v. a. [depravo, Lat.] To vitiate ; to corrupt ; to contaminate. Hooker. To misrepresent; to wrest; to defame. Barret. DEPRA / VEDLY*,de-pra-vld-le. ad. CorruptedJy, in a vitiated manner. Brown. DEPRA'VEDNESS, de-pra'-ved-n^s. n. s. Corrup- tion. Bp. Hall. DEPRA'VEMENT, de-prave'-ment. n.s. A vitiated state ; corruption. Brown. DEPRA'VER, de-pra'-v&r. n. s. A corrupter. Beau- mont and Fletcher. DEPRA/VING*, de-pra'-vfng. n. s. Traducing or vilifying. Act for the Uniformity of Common Prayer. 277 DEP DER ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pm DEPRAVITY, de-prav'-e-te. 511. n. s. Corruption 5 a vitiated state. Leland. To DE PRECATE $, dep'-pre-kate. 91. v. a. [depre- cor, Lat.] To beg off 5 to pray deliverance from ; to avert by prayer. Hewijt. To implore mercy of. Prior. DEPRECATION, dep-pre-ka'-shfin. n.s. Prayer against evil. Donne Entreaty 3 petitioning. An excusing ; a begging pardon for. Abp. Usher. DEPRECATIVE. dep'-pre-ka-tfv. ) 512. a. That DETRECATORYA'-pre-ka-tur-e. \ serves to aeprecate ; apologetick. Bacon. DE'PREC ATOR, dep'-re-ka-t&r. n.s. One that averts evil by petition. To DEPRECIATE §, de-pre'-she-ate. 91. v. a. [de- pretiare, Lat.] To bring a thing down to a lower price. To undervalue. Addison. DEPRECIATION*, de-pre-she-a'-shun. n. s. Les- sening the worth or value of any thing. Burgess. To DE'PREDATE$, dey-pre-date. 91. v. a. [depraz- dari, Lat.] To rob ; to pillage. To spoil ; to de- vour. Bacon. DEPREDATION, dep-pre-da'-shun. n. s. A rob- bing; a spoiling. Hay ward. Voracity; waste. Ba- con. DETREDATOR, dep'-pre-da-tur. 521. n. s. A rob- ber; a devourer. Bacon. To DEPREHE'ND §, dep-pre-hend'. v. a. [depre- hendo, LatJ To catch one ; to take unawares. Hooker. To discover; to find out a thing. Bacon. To DEPREHE'ND*, dep-pre-hend'. p. n. To dis- cover. Sir T. Elyot. DEPREHE'NSIBLE, dep-pre-hen'-se-bl. a. That may be caught. That may be understood, or dis- covered. Sir W. Petty. DEPREHE'NSIBLENESS^ep-pre-hen'-se-bl-nes. n. s. Capableness of being caught. Intelligibleness. DEPREHE / NSION,dep-pre-hen / -shun.n.s. A catch- ing- or taking unawares. Bp. Hall. A discovery. To DEPRESS §, de-pres 7 . v. a. [depressus, of depri- mo, Lat.] To press, or thrust doAvn. Milton. To let fall ; to let down. Newton. To humble ; to de- ject ; to sink. Locke. DEPRESSION, de-presh'-un. n.s. The act of press- ing down. Wotlon. The sinking or falling in of a surface. Boyle. The act of humbling ; abasement. Bacon. Depression of an equation, is the bring- ing of it into lower and more simple terms by divis- ion. Diet. Depression of a star, is the distance of a star from the horizon below. Diet. DEPRESSIVE*, de-preV-sSv. a. Lowering. Thom- son. DEPRESSOR, de-preV-sur. 166. n. s. He that keeps or presses down. Ahp. Usher. An oppressor. DEPRESSOR, de-prey -sur. n. s. A term given to several muscles of the body, whose action is to de- press the parts to which they adhere. DETRIMENT, dep'-re-ment. a. [deprimens, Lat.] An epithet applied to one of the straight muscles that move the globe of the eye, its use being to pull it downwards. Derham. DEPRFVABLE*, de-prl'-va-bl. a. Liable to depri- vation. Hooker. DEPRIVATION, djp-pre-va'-shun. 530. n. s. The act of depriving. The state of losing. Bentley. DEPRIVATION, dep-pre-va'-shun. n.s. [Inlaw.] Is when r. clergyman is deprived, or deposed from his preferment, for any matter in fact or law. j Phillips. To DEPRFVE§, de-prlve''. v. a. [de and privo, Lat.] To bereave one of a thing. Job. To hinder ; to debar from. Milton. To release ; to free from. Spenser. To put out of an office. Bacon. DEPRFVEMENT*, de-prfve'-ment. n. s. The state of losing. Ricaut. DEPRFVER*, de-prl'-vur. n.s. That which takes away or bereaves. Cleaveland. DEPTH §, dep^. n.s. [diupiih, Goth.] Deepness, j Bacon. Deep place; not a shoal. Dryden. The | abyss; a gulf of infinite profundity. Proverbs. The middle or height of a season. Denham. Ab- struseuess ; obscurity. Addison. Sagacity. South. pu Vi — Depth of a squadron or battalion, is the number of men in the file. Military Dictionary. To DETTHEN, dep'-i/m. 103. v. a. To deepen. Diet. ToDEPU'CELATE^e-pu'-se-late. v. a. [depuceler, Fr.] Todeflour; to bereave of virginity. Did To DEPU'LSE §* de-pulse', v. a. [depelb. depulsmn. Lat.] To drive away. Cockeram. DE PULSION. de-pul'-shun. 177. n. s. A driving or thrusting away. Cockeram. DEl'U'LSORY, de-pul' -s&r-e. 440. a. Putting away ; averting. Diet. 7'oDE'PURATE^ dV-u-rate. 91 v a. [depurer Fr.] To purify; to cleanse. Boyle. DETURATE, dep'-u-rate. 503. a. Cleansed. Pure; not contaminated. GlanviUe. DEPURATION, dep-u-ra'-shun. n. s. Separating the pure from the impure part. Brown. The cleansing of a wound from its matter. To DEPU'RE, de-pure'. v. a. [depurei; Fr.] To cleanse. Hawes. To purge; to free from some noxious quality. Raleigh. DEPU'RGATORY*, de-pur'-ga-tur-e. a. Having power to purge. Cotgrave. DEPUTATION, dep-u-uV-shfin. n.s. The act of de- puting or sending away with a special commission. Vicegerency. Shakspeare. To DEPUTE $, de-pute'. v. a. [depvier, Fr.] To send with a special commission. Roscommon. DETUTY, dep'-u-te. n. s. [depute, Fr.] A lieuten- ant; a viceroy; one appointed to govern or act in- stead of another. Hate. Any one that transacts business for another. Hooker. #Cf=- This word is frequently mispronounced even by good speakers. There is a proueness in the p to slide into its nearest relation b, which makes us often hear this word as if written debbuty. W. To DEQUA'NTITATE, de-kwem'-te-tate. v. a. [de and quantitas, Lat.] To diminish the quantity of. Brown. DER. A term used in the beginning of names of places ; generally derived from oeop, a wild beast, unless the" place stands upon a river; for then it may be from the British our, i. e. water. Gibson- s Camden. To DERACINATE, de-ras'-se-nate. v. a. [deraciner, Fr.] To pluck or tear up by the roots. Shakspeare. To abolish ; to destroy ; to extirpale. To DERATGN §, ) ,. » ■ . 5 v. a. [dareigner, Nor- 2\> DERA'IN §, S de " rane * 1 man Fr.] To prove ; to justify. Blount. To disorder; to turn out of course. Diet. DERA'IGNMENT, ) ^w^nt i n ' s ' 7}> e DERATNMENT, \ de " rane - me ™' \ act of de- raigning or proving. A disordering or turning out of course. A discharge of profession; a departure out of religion. Blcnmt. To DERA'NGE§*, de-ranje'. v.a. [desranger, old Fr.] To turn out of the proper course ; to disorder. Burke. DERA'NGEMENT^de-ranje'-ment. n.s. Disorder; discomposure of mind, or intellect. Rujj'head. DERA% de-ra/. n.s. [desrayer, Fr.] Tumult ; dis- order ; noise; merriment ; jollity ; solemnity. Doug. To DERE§, dere. v.a. [bepian, Sax.] To hurt Spenser. Ob. J. DERE*, dere. a. Hurtful. DE'RELICT*, der'-e-llkt. a. [derelictus, Lat] Wil- fully relinquished. Sir P. Rett. DERELFCTION, der-e-hV-shun. ji.s. The act of forsaKing or leaving. Bp. Taylor. The state of being forsaken. Hooker. DERELICTS, deV-e-Iikts. n. s.pl. [In law.] Goods wilfully thrown away, or relinquished. Did. ToDERFDES, de-rlde'. v.a. [derideo, Lat.] To laugh at ; to mock. Hooker. DERFDER, de-ri'-dfir. 98. n. s. A mocker ; a scoff er. Woolion. A droll ; a buffoon. DERFDINGLY*, de-il'-dlng-le. ad. In a jeering manner. Bp. Reynolds. DERISION, de-rlzh'-un. n. s. The act of deriding or laughing at. Rogers.^ Contempt j scorn. Jer 278 DES DES *>, move, nSr, not;— tube, tub, bull ;— Sll ;— p6und ;— thin, THis. DERI'SIVE, de-rl'-slv. 428. a. Mocking; scoffing. Pope. DERISIVELY*, de-rl'-siv-le. ad. In a contemptuous manner. Sir T. Herbert. DERFSORY. de-rl'-sur-fe. 429, 512. a. Mocking; ridiculing. Shaftesbury. DERIVABLE, de-rl'-va-bl. a. Attainable by right of descent or derivation. South. Deducible : as, from a ro«t, from a cause. Wilkins. To DE'RIVATE*, der'-e-vate. v. a. To derive. Huloct. Ob. T. DERIVATION, dGr-e-va'-sh&n. 530. n.s. A drain- ing of water ; a turning of its course. Burnet. [In grammar,] The tracing a word from its original. Locke. The transmission of any ihing from its source. Hale. [In medicine.] The drawing of a humour from one part of the body to another. Wiseman. The thing deduced or derived. Glan- viUe. DERIVATIVE, de-rlv'-a-tiv. a. Derived or taken from another. DERIVATIVE, de-rlv'-a-llv. 157. n.s. The thing or word derived or taken from another. Shakspeare. DERl'VATIVELY, de-r?v'-a-llv-le. ad. In a de- rivative manner. Pearson. 2"b DERIVES, de-rlve'. v. a. [derivo, Lat.] To turn the course of water from its channel. South. To deduce : as, from a root, from a cause. Boyle. To communicate to another, as from the origin and source. Hooker. To receive by transmission. De- cay of Piety. To communicate to by descent of blood. Felion. To spread ; to diffuse gradually from one place to another. Doxies. [In grammar.] To trace a word from its origin. Greenwood. To DERIVE, de-rlve'. v.n. To come from; to owe its origin to. Prior. To descend from. Shakspeare. DERIVER, de-rive'-fir. n.s. One that draws or fetches, as from the source or principle. South. DERN $, dern. a. [beapn. Sax.] Sad; solitary. More. Barbarous ; cruel. See Dearn. DE'RNFUL* dern'-ful. a. Mournful. Bryskett. Ob. T. DERNIE'R, dem-yare'. a. Last. Aijliffe. It is a mere French word, used only in the phrase dernier resort. DE'RNLY* dero'-le. ad. Mournfully; anxiously. Spenser. Ob. T. To DE'ROGATE §, der'-o-gate. v. a. [derogo, Lat.] To do an act so far contrary to a law or custom, as to diminish its former extent. Hale. To dispar- age; to minish. Huloet. !Fo DE'ROGATE, der'-o-gate. v.n. To detract; to lessen reputation. Hooker. To degenerate. Shakspeare. DE'ROGATE, der'-o-gate. 91. a. Degraded ; dam- aged. Sir T. Elliot. DE'ROGATELY*, deV-6-gale-le. ad. In a manner which lessens honour or respect. Shakspeare. DEROGA'TION, der-6-ga'-shun. 550. n.s. The act of weakening or restraining a former law or con- tract. Bacon. A defamation ; detraction. Hooker. DEROGATIVE, de-rog'-a-ijv. a. Detracting; less- ening the honour of. Brown. Ob. J. DERO'GATORILY, de-r&g'-a-tur-e-le. ad. In a detracting manner. Aubrey. DEROGATORINESS, de-rSg'-a-t&r-e-nes. n. s. The act of derogating. Diet. DEROGATORY, de-r6g'-a-t&r-e. 512. a. Detrac- tion; that lessens the honour of ; dishonourable. Brown. DE'RRING*, deV-rlng. a. [beappan, Sax.] Daring. Spenser. Ob. T. DE'RVIS, der'-vls. n. s. A Turkish priest, or monk. Sartdys. DE'SART*. See Desert. DE'SCANT$, des'-kant. 492. n. s. [deschant, old Fr.] A song or tune composed in parts. Bale. A dis- course ; a disputation ; a disquisition branched out into several divisions or heads. Shakspeare. To DE'SCANT, des-kant'. v. n. To sing inparts ; to run a division or variety upon notes. To dis- course at large , to make speeches. Shakspeare. DESCANTING*, des-kant'-ing. n. s. Remark conjecture; guess. Burnet. 7V> DESCENDS, de-send', v.n. [descendo, Lat.] To go downwards. Matthew. To come down ; to arrive at one place from another. 1 Sam. xxvi. To come suddenly or violently. Pope. To go down, in a figurative sense. Milton. To make an invasion. Drijden. To proceed as from an origin- al ; to be derived from. Collier. To fall in order of inheritance to a successor. Locke. To extend a discourse from general to particular considerations. Decay of 'Piety. To DESCEND, de-send', v. a. To walk downward Milton. DESCENDANT, de-sen'-dant. n. s. The offspring of an ancestor. Bacon. DESCENDENT, de-sen'-dent. a. Falling; sinking; descending. Ray. Proceeding from another, as an original or ancestor. Pope. DESCEiNDIBFLITY^de-send-e-bll'-e-te.w. 5. Con- formity to the rules of descent. Blackstone. DESCENDIBLE, de-sen'-de-bl. a. Such as may be descended. Transmissible by inheritance. Hale. DESCENSION, de-sen'-shun. n.s. Going down- wards ; descent. A declension ; a degradation. Slink. [In astronomy.] Right desc.ension is the arch of the equator, which descends with the sign or star below the horizon of a direct sphere. Oza- nam. DESCENSIONAL, de-sen'-shun-al. a. Relating to descent. DESCENS1VE*, de-sen'-slv. a. Descending; nav- ing power to descend. Slierwood. DESCENT, de-sent', n. s. The act of passing from a higher to a lower place. Blackmore. Progress downwards. Locke. Obliquity ; inclination. Wood- ward. Lowest place. Shakspeare. Degradation. Milton. Invasion; hostile entrance into a king- dom. Wotton. Transmission of any thing by suc- cession and inheritance. Locke. The state of pro- ceeding from an original or progenitor. Atterbury. Birth ; extraction. Shak. Offspring ; inheritors. Milton. A single step in the scale of genealogy. Hooker. A rank in the scale of subordination. Milton. To DESCRFBE §, de-skrlbe'. v. a. {describo, Lat.] To delineate ; to mark out. Dryden. To mark cut any thing by the mention of its properties. Shak. To distribute into proper heads or divisions. Joshua. To define in a lax manner. Gray. DESCRFBER, de-skrl'-bur. n. s. He that describes. Broicn. DESCRPER, de-skrl'-ur. 98. n.s. A discoverer a detecter. Crashaw. DESCRIPTION, de-skr?p'-shun. n. s. The act of delineating or expressing any thing by perceptible properties. Gregory. The sentence or passage in which any thing is described. Dryden. A lax definition. Waits. The qualities expressed in a description. Shakspeare. DESCRFPTIVE*, de-skr?p'-t?y._ 157. a. Expressing any thing by perceptible qualities. Looker-On. To DESCRFVE* de-skrlve'. v. a. [descrivere, Ital.] To describe. Bp. Fisher. Ob. T. To DESCRY' §, de-skrl'. v. a. [deserter, Fr.] To give notice of any thing suddenly discovered. Bp. Hall. To spy out at a distance. Shakspeare. To detect* to find out any tln'ng concealed. Wotton. To dis- cover ; to perceive by the eye. Spenser. DESCRY', de-skrl'. n.s. Discovery; thing discover- ed. Slutkspeare. To DE'SECRATES, des'-se-krate. v. a. [desacro, Lat.] To divert from the purpose to which auy thing is consecrated; to apply to a wrong use. Barrow. DESECRA'TION, des-se-kra'-shun. n.s. The abo- lition of consecration. Parnell. DE'SERT, deV-ert. n. s. A wilderness : solitude. Shakspeare. DE'SERT, dez'-ert. a. Wild; waste} solitary. Shakspeare. To DESE'RT $, de-zert'. v. a. [desero, Lat.] To for- 279 DES DES tHF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— sake ; to full away from ; to abandon. Dryden. To leave, Bent/ey. To DESE'RT*, dc-z2rt'. v. n. To quit the army in which one is enlisted. Stat. Militia Act. DESE'RT. n. s. See Dessert. DESE'RT, de-zeVl'. n. s. Degree of merit or dement. Hooker. Proportional merit; claim to reward. Smth. Excellence ; right to reward ; virtue. Shak- DESE'RTER,de-zer'-t&r. 93. n.s. He that has for- saken his cause or his post. K. diaries. He that leaves the army in which he is enlisted. Decay of Piety. An abandoner. Dryden. DESE'RTFUL*, de-zert'-ful. a. High in desert j meritorious. Beaumont and Fletclier. DESE'RTION, de-zer'-shon. n.s. Forsaking or abandoning a cause or post. Rogers. [In theolo- gy.] Spiritual despondency; a sense of the dere- liction of God ; an opinion that grace is withdrawn. Bp. Hall. Quitting the army in which one is en- listed. Blackstone. DESE'RTLESS, de-zert'-les. a. Without merit. Beaumont and Fletcher. DESL RTLESSLY*, de-zert'-les-le. ad. Undeserv- edly. Beaumont and Fletcher. DESE'RTRICE*, de-zer'-trk n.s. She who for- sakes her duty. Milton. To DESE'RVES, de-zcrv'. v. a. [deservir, Fr.] To be worthy of either good or ill. Hooker. To DESE'R.VE, de-zerv'. v.n. To be worthy of re- ward. South. DESE'RVEDLY, de-zeV-ved-le. 364. ad. Worthily. Milton. DESE'RVER, de-zer'-vor. 98. n. s. A man who merits rewards. Shakspeare. DESE'RVING*, de-zer'-vlng. n. s. Desert. Articles of Religion. DESE'RVLNGLY*, de-zer'-vmg-le. ad. Worthily. B. Jonson. DESHABILLE*. See Dishabille. DESl'CCANTS, de-slk'-kanls. n.s. Applications that drv up the flow of sores. Wiseman. To DESl'CCATE §, de-slk'-kate. 503. v. a. [desicco, Lat.] To dry up ; to exhaust of moisture. Bacon. To exhale moisture. Bacon. To DESl'CCATE*, de-slk'-kate. v. n. To grow dry. Ricaut. DESICCA'TION, des-lk-ka'-shun. n.s. The act of making dry; the state of being dried. Bacon. DESI'CCATIVE, de-s?k'-ka-uV. a. That which has the power of drying. Ferrand. DESI'CCATIVE*, de-sik'-ka-dv. n. s. A drier. 2bDESFDERATE,de-sld'-er-ate. v. a. To want; to miss ; to desire in absence. C/ieijne. DESrD'ERATUM,db-sU-k-rk'-{um. n.s. [Lat.] Plural desiderata. Somewhat which inquiry has not yet been able to settle or discover. DESFDIOSE, de-sM-je-6se'. 376. a. [desidiosus, Lat.] Idle ; lazy ; heavy. Diet. To DESFGN§, de-slne'. 447. v. a. [designo. Lat.] To purpose ; to intend any thing. To form or or- der with a particular purpose. Stilling Jleet. To devote intentionally. Clarendon. To plan; to pro- ject ; to form in idea. Wotton. To mark out by par- ticular tokens : little used. Locke. §£f I have differed from Mr. Sheridan,' by preserving the s, in this word and in its compounds, pure. I am sup- ported in this by Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, and have always looked upon to dezign as vulgar. — See Principles, 447. W. DESFGN, de-slne'. n. s. An intention ; a purpose. Shak. A scheme; a plan of action. Tillotson. A scheme formed to the detriment of another. Locke. The idea which an artist endeavours to execute or express. Addison. Distinguishable, DESFGNABLE, de-sbe'-a-bl Digby. DE'SIGNATE§*,des'-?g-nate. a. [designatus, Lat.] Marked out; chosen; appointed. Sir G. Buck. To DE'SIGNATE*, des'-Jg-nate. 503. v. a. To point out; to distinguish. Brit. Crit. DESIGNATION, des-fg-na'-shfin. n. s. The act of pointing or marking out. Swift. Appointment direction. Bacon. Import; intention. Locke. DE'SIGNATIVE*, des'-ig-na-tiv. a. Appointing showing. Cotgrave. DESIGNEDLY, de-sl'-ned-le. 364. ad. Purposely; intentionally. Ray. DESI'GNER, de-sl'-nfir. 98. n. s. One that designs ; a purposer. A plotter; a contriver. Hammond. One that forms the idea of any thing in painting or sculpture. Addison. One that plans a building, \ garden, or the like. Slienstone. DESI'GNFULNESS*, de-slne'-ful-nes. n. s. Abun dance of design, formed to the detriment of anothet Barrow. DESI'GNING, db-sV-nfag.part. a. Insidious; treach erous. Souiherne. DESI'GNING*, de-sl'-n?ng. n.s. The art of deline ating the appearance of natural objects. Bp.Berke DESI'GNLESS, de-slne'-les. a. Without intention; without design. Without scheme or project. Ham- mond. DESFGNLESSLY, de-slne'-les-ie. ad. Ignorant!} ; inadvertently. Boyle. DESFGNMElNT, de-slne'-ment. n.s. A purpose and intent. Decay of Piety. A scheme of hostility. SJtak. The idea or sketch of a work. Dryden. DE'SINENCE §*, des'-e-nense. n. s. [desino, Lat.] A close; an ending. Bp. Hall. DE'SINENT*, des'-e-nent. a. Ending; extreme; lowermost. B. Jonson. DESIRABLE, de-zl'-ra-bl. a. To be wished with earnestness. Watts. Pleasing; delightful. Addison. DESFRABLENESS*, de-zl'-ra-bl -nes. n. s. That which is wished with earnestness. Goodman. DES1'RE$, de-zlre'. n.s. [desir, Fr.] Wish; eager- ness to obtain or enjoy. Locke. To DESl'RE, de-zlre'. v. a. To wish ; to long for: to covet. Dent. To express wishes. Dryden. To ask ; to entreat. Shak. To require ; to demand. Spenser. DESl'RER, de-zl'-rur. 98. n. s. One that is eager of any thing. Shakspeare. DESl'RELESS*, de-zlre'-les. a. Without desire. Donne. DESI'ROUS. de-zl'-rfis. 314. a. FuH of desire; ea- fer ; longing after. Hooker. SFROUSLY, de-zl'-r&s-le. ad. Eagerly; with desire. South. DESl'ROUSNESS, de-zl'-rus-nes. n. s. Fulness of desire. Diet. To DESI'ST §, de-s?st'. 447. v. n. [desisto. Lat.] To cease from ; to stop. Milton,. OCT I have preserved the s pure in this word, contrary to Mr. Sheridan, who spells it delist. Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry are of my opinion, and I cannot see any rea- son, either from custom or analogy, to alter it. 447. W DESI'ST ANCE, de-s?s'-tanse. n. s. Desisting ; ces- sation. Boyle. DESFST1VE t, de-sV-tlv. 157. ; a. [desitus, Lat.1 DESI'TD/E, de-si'-tiv. ] Ending; conclu- ded; final. Watts. DESK §, desk. n. s. [5i]*c, Sax.] An inclining table for the use of writers or readers. Sliakspeare. To DESK*, desk. v. a. To shut up as in a desk; to treasure. John Hall. DE'SOLATE, des'-s6-late. 91. a. Without inhabit- ants. Sha/c. Deprived of inhabitants ; laid waste. Jer. Without society. 2 Sam,. To DE'SOLATE §, deV-s6-late. v. a. [desolo, Lat.] To deprive of inhabitants ; to lay waste. Bacon. DE'SOLATELY, des'-so-late-le. ad. In a desolate manner. Shericood. DE'SOLATER* des'-so-la-tfir. n.s. One who causes desolation. Mede. DESOLA'TION, deVs6-la'-shfin. n.s. Destruction of inhabitants. Spenser. Gloominess; madness. Sidney. A place wasted and forsaken. Jer. DE'SOLATOR*. See Dksolater. DE'SOLATORY*, des'-so-la-tfir-e. a. Causing des olation. Bp. Hall. DESPA'IR §, de-spare', n. s. [descspoir, Fr.] Hop© DES DES — 116, move, n6r, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull; — oil ; — pSund ; — thm, THis. lessness; despondence. Locke. That which causes despair. Shak. Loss of confidence in the mercy of God. Sprat. 7^ DESPAIR, de-spare', v.n. [despero, Lat.] To be without hope ; to despond. Eccles. Tc DESPAIR*, de-spare / . v. a. To cause to de- fjair. Sir R. Williams. SPA'IRABLE*, de-spare'-a-bl. a. Unhopeful. Colgravc. DESPA IRER, de-spare'-fir. n.s. One without hope. Bruden. DESPAIRFUL, de-spare'-ful. a. Hopeless. Sidney. Ob. J. DESPAIRINGLY, de-spa'-rmg-le. ad. In a man- ner betokening hopelessness or despondency. Brown. To DESPATCH §, de-spatsh'. v. a. [depescher, Fr.] [Frequently dispatch.'] To send away hasliby. Temple. To send out of the world ; to put to death. Shak. To perform a business quickly. 2 Mace. To conclude an affair with another. Shakspeare. 53= There is a general rule in pronunciation, viz. when a vowel ends a syllable immediately before the accent, that vowel has a tendency to lengthen, and is often, particularly in solemn speaking, pronounced as open as if the accent were on it. — See To Collect, 544. — This general tendency inclines us to divide words in such a manner as to make the vowel end the unaccented sylla- ble: and, if the two succeeding consonants are combina- ble, to carry them both to that syllable which has the accent. When the e is thus left, to finish the syllable before the accent in despair, despatch, &c, it inclines to its open, slender sound, which, being rapidly pro- nounced, falls into the short i, which is exactly its short sound, 105, 107 ; for, when the e is short by being closed by a consonant, like other vowels, it goes into a dif- ferent sound from the long one, 544. Thus the word despatch, till Dr. Johnson corrected it, was always writ- ten with an t ,- and, now it is corrected, we do not find the least difference in the pronunciation. W. DESPATCH, de-spatsh'. n.s. Hasty execution. Bacon. Conduct; management. Slmk. Express; hasty messenger or message. DESPATCHER* de-spatsh'-ur. n. s. That which destroys or makes an end of. Bale. One who per- forms business. Coto-rave. DE8PATCHFUL, de-spatsh'-ful. a. Bent on haste. Milton. DESPE'CTION*, de-speVrshfin. n. s. [despectio, Lat.] A looking down; figuratively, a despising. W. Mimntagtce. DESPERA'DO*, dSs-pe-ra'-dA. n. s. [Span.] One who is desperate, without fear of danger. Tlie Cloak in its Colours. DESPERATE $, des'-pe-rale. 91. a. [desperatus, Lat.] Without hope. Shak. Without care of safety. Shak. Irretrievable; unsurmountable. S/iak. Mad; hot-brained; furious. Spenser. DESPERATE*, des'-pe-rate. n. s. A desperate man. Donne. DESPERATELY, deV-pe-rate-le. ad. Furiously; madly. Shak. Violently. Addison. DESPERATENESS, deV-pe-rate-n^s. n. s. Mad- ness; fury. Hammond. DESPERATION, des-pe-ra'-sbiui. n. s. Hopeless- ness; despair. Shakspeare. DESPICABLE^, deV-pe-ka-bl. a. [desyncabilis, Lat.] Contemptible ; vile ; worthless. Hooker. DESPICABLENESS, deV-pe-ka-bl-n£s. n. s. Meanness; vileness; worthlessness. Dec. of Piety. DESPICABLY, des'-pe-ka-ble. ad. Meanly; vilely. Addison. DESPl'CIENCY* d£s-p]sh'-en-se. n. s. [despkien- tia. Lat.] A looking down: a despising. Mede. DESPl'SABLE, de-spi'-za-bl. a. Contemptible; despicable. Qitarles. DESP1SAL*, de-spl'-zal. n. s. Scorn; contempt. Patrick. To DESPISE §, de-spW. v. a. [despkio, Lat.] To scorn ; to contemn. Jer. To abhor. Shakspeare. DESPISEDNESS*, de-spl'-zed-nSs. n. s. The state of being despised. Milton. DESP1SER, de-spl'-zur. n« s. Contemner; scorner. Siiakspeare. DESPISING*, de-spl'-zmg. n. s. Scorn ; contempt Ad for Uniform, of Comm. Prayer. DESPITE $, de-sphe'. n. s. [despite, old Fr.] Malice ; anger; malignity. Shak. Defiance; unsubdued opposition. Shak. Act of malice. Hebreics. To DESPITE, de-splte'. v. a. To vex ; to offend. Raleigh. DESPITEFUL, de-splte'-ful. a. Malicious; full of spleen; full of hate. Shakspeare. DESPITEFULLY^e-spile'-ful-le. ad. Maliciously; malignantl v. Matthew. DESPITEFULNESS, de-splte'-ful-nSs. n. s. MaJ ice ; hate ; malignity. Wisdom. DESPITEOUS, des-pitsh'-e-fis. a. Malicious; furi ous. Spenser. Ob. J. DESPITEOUSLY, des-p?tsh'-e-us-Ie. ad. In a furi- ous manner. Spenser. Ob. J. To DESPOIL §, de-spoil 7 , r. a. [despotic, Lat.] To rob ; to deprive. Spenser. To divest by any ac- cident. Woodward. To strip. Clwaicer. DESPOPLER*, de-spoil'-ur. n. s. A plunderer. Huloet. DESPOLIATION, dgs-po-le-a'-shun. 530. n. s. The aci of despoiling or stripping. To DESPO'ND$, de-spend', v.n. [despondeo, Lat.] To despair ; to lose hope. L' Estrange. To lose hope of the divine mercy. Watts. DESPO'NDENCY, de-sp6n'-den-se. n.s. Despair; hopelessness. More. DESPO'NDENT, de-spon'-dent. a. Despairing; hopeless. Bentley. DESPO'NDER*, de-spond'-ur. n. s. One who is without hope. Swift. DESPO'NDINGLY*, d^-spond'-lng-le. ad. In a hopeless manner. Sheridan. To DESPO'NSATEMe-spon'-sate. »■ <*• [desponso, Lat.] To betroth ; to affiance. DESPOlNSATION.des-pOn-sa'-shun.oSO. n. s. The act of betrothing persons to each other. DESPOT §, deV-p6t. n. s. [Seav&njs.] An absolute prince ; one that governs with unlimited authority. Burke. DESPOTIC AL. de-spot'-e-kal. \a. Absolute in DESPO TICK, de-sp&t'-ik. ( power. Milton DESPOTICALLY*, de-sp6t'-e-kal-e. ad. In an ar- bitrary manner. Burke. DESPOTIC ALNESS, de^t'-e-kal-n^s. n. s. Ab- solute authority. DESPOTISM, des'-p6-r!zm. n. s. Absolute power. Burke. To DESPU'MATE§, de-spu'-mate. v. n. [despum/y, Lat.] To throw off parts in foam ; to froth ; to work. DESPUMATION, des-pu-ma'-shun. n. s. Throw- ing off exerementitious parts in scum or foam. DESQUAMATION §, des-kwa-ma'-shun. n. s. [squama, Lat.] The act of scaling foul bones. DESQUA'MATORY* dgs-kwam'-a-tfir-e. n. s. An instrument by which desquamation is performed. DESS*, dh. n. s. [disch, Teut.] A table on a raised floor. Chaucer. A desk, on which a book is laid. Spenser. DESSE'RT, dez-zert'. n, s. [desserte, Fr.] The fruit or sweetmeats set on the table after the meat Dryden. To DESTINATE §, deV-te-nate. v. a. [destino, Lat.] To design for anv particular end. Fotherby. DESTINATE*, des'-te-nate. a. Fixed ; determined. Bp. Morton. ' DESTINATION, dSs-te-na'-shun. n.s. The pur- pose for which anything is appointed ; the ultimate design. Glanville. To DESTINE, des'-tm. 140. v.a. [descino, Lat.] To doom unalterably to an} 7 state or condition. Milton. To appoint to any purpose. Arbuthnot. To devote ; to doom to punishment or misery. Prior. To fix unalterably. Prior. DESTINY, des'-te-ne. n. s. [destined, Fr.] The power that spins the life, and determines the fate of living beings. Shak. Fate; invincible necessi ty. Spenser. Doom. Shakspeare. DESTITUTES, deV-te-tute. a. [destiiutus, Lat 281 DET DET (LT 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat}— me, met j— pine, pln;- Forsakeh; abandoned. Hooker. Abject} friend- less. Psnlm. In want of. Dryden. DESTITUTE*, des'-t£-tute. n.s. One who is de- prived of comfort or friends. P. St. John. To DESTITUTE* des'-te-tute. v. a. To forsake ; to leave. Fotherby. DESTITUTION, des-te-tu'-sh&n. n. s. Want. Hooker. To DESTRO'Y§, de-str5e'. v. a. [destruo, Lat.] To overturn a city ; to ruin. Genesis. To lay waste ; to make desolate. Knolles. To kill. Deut. To put an end to j to bring - to nought. Bentley. DESTRO'YABLE*, de-str6e'-a-bl. a. Able to be destroyed. Huloei. DESTRO'YER, de-stroe'-ur. 98. n. s. The person that destroys. A murderer. Raleigh. To DESTRUCT*, de-str&kt'. v. a. [destructus, Lat.] To destroy. Mede. Ob. T. DESTRUCTIBLE $, de-struk'-te-bl. a. Liable to destruction. DESTRUCTIBI'LITY, de-slruk-te-bft'-e-te. n. s. Liableness to destruction. DESTRUCTION, de-strfik'-sh.m. n. s. The act of destroying-. Murder; massacre. Shak. The state of being destroyed ; ruin. Shak. A destroyer. Psalm. Eternal death. St. Mattliew. DESTRUCTIVE, de-strfik'-tlv. a. Having the quality of destroying} wasteful} that which brings to destruction. Dryden. DESTRUCTIVELY, de-struk'-tJv-le. ad. Ruin- ously ; mischievously. Decay of Piety. DESTRUCTIVENESS, de-struk'-tfv-nes. n. s. De- stroying or ruining. Decau of Piety. DESTRUCTOR, de-struk'-tur. 166. n, s. Destroy- er ; consumer. Boyle. DESUDATION, des-u-da'-shfin. n.s. [desudatio, Lat.] A profuse and inordinate sweating. DE'SUETUDE, deV-swe-tude. 334. n. s. [desuetu- do, Lat.] Cessation to be accustomed } discontinu- ance of practice or habit. Howell. DESULTORY §, des'-ul-vfir-e. 512. ) [See Sub- DESULTORIOUS$, des-fil-t6'-re-us. $ sultory.] a. [desultonus, Lat.] Roving from thing to thing ; unsettled ; immethodical. Felton. Wavering ; by starts and ,eaps. T. Warton, DE'SULTORINESS*, deV-ul-to-re-nes. n.s. The quality of being desultory. To DESUME, d£-sume'. v. a. [dewmo, Lat.] To take from any thing } to borrow. Hale. To DETACH §, de-tatsh'. v. a. [detacher, Fr.] To separate; to disengage} to part from something. Woodward. To send out part of a greater body of men on an expedition. Addison. DETACHMENT, de-tatsh'-ment. n. s. A body of troops sent out from the main army. Toiler. To DETA'IL§, de-tale', v. a. [detailler, Fr.] To re- late particularly; to display minutely. Cheyne. DETA'IL, de-tale', n. s. A minute and particular account. Woodward. DETA'ILER*, de-ta'-lur. n. s. One who relates par- ticulars. Seward. To DETAIN §, de-tane'. v. a. [detineo, Lat] To keep that which belongs to another. Bp. Taylor. To withhold; to keep back. Shak. To restrain from departure. Judg. To hold in custody. Black- stone. DETA'INDER, de-tane'-dur. 98. n. s. The name of a writ for holding one in custody, properly detinue. DETAINER, de-ta'-nur. n. s. He that holds back any one's right ; he that detains any thing. Bp. Taylor. Confinement ; detention. Bp. Smallridge. The act of unlawfully holding back the right of another person. Blackstone. To DETECT §, de-tekt'. v. a. [delectus, Lat.] To discover; to find out any crime or artifice. SJiak. To discover in general. Ray. DETECTER, de-tek'-t&r. n. s. A discoverer. Shak. DETECTION, de-tek'-shun. n.s. Discovery of guilt or fraud. Shak. Discovery of any thing hid- den. Woodward. fi^TE'NTlON^e-ten'-shun. n.s. The act of keep- ing what belongs to another. Sliak. Confinement restraint. To DETER §, de-ter'. v. n. [deterreo, Lat.] To dis- courage by terrour. Waller. DETERMENT, de-ter'-ment. n. s. Cause of dis- couragement ; that by which one is detened Brown. Ob. J. To DETERGE §, de-terje'. v.a. [delergo, Lat.] To cleanse a sore. Wiseman.- DETERGENT, de-ter'-jent. a. Having the power of cleansing. Arbuthnot. DETE'RGENT*, de-ter'-jent. n.s. That which cleanses. Bp. Berkeley. To DETERIORATES*. de-te'-re-6-rate. v. a. [de- tenor, Lat.] To impair; to make worse. DETERIORATION, de-te-re-6-ra'-shun. n.s. The act of making any thing worse; the state of grow- ing worse. Guthrie. DETERMINABLE, de-ter'-me-na-bl. a. Capable of being certainly decided. Bacon. To DETERMINATE §, de-teV-me-nate. v. a. [de terminer, Fr.] To limit ; to fix. Shakspeare. Ob. J. DETERMINATE, de-ter'-me-nate. 91. a. Settled; definite ; determined. Locke. Established } settled by rule. Hooker. Decisive ; conclusive. Shak. Fixed ; resolute. Sidney. Resolved. Shakspeare. DETE'RMINATELY, de-ter'-me-nate-le. ad. Reso- lutely. Sidney. Certainly } unchangeably. ' Til- lotson. DETERMINATION, de-ter-me-na'-shun. n. s. Absolute direction to a certain end. Locke. The result of deliberation; resolution taken. Shak. Ju- , dicial decision. Gulliver's Travels. Expiration; end. Used only by lawyers. DETERMINATIVE, de-ter'-me-na-tfy. a. That which uncontrollably directs to a certain end. Bp. Bra mhall. That which makes a limitation. Watts. DETERHlNATOR, de-ter-me-na'-tur. 521. n.s. One who determines. Brown. To DETERMINES, de-ter'-mm. 140. v.a. [deter- mino, Lat.] To fix ; to settle. Shak. To conclude} to fix ultimately. South. To bound; to confine. Bacon. To adjust; to limit; to define. Locke. To influence the choice. Shak. To resolve. 1 Sam. To decide. Locke. To put an end to} to destroy. Shakspeare. To DETERMINE, de-ter'-mm. v.n. To conclude. Milton. To settle " opinion. Locke. To end ; to come to an end. Hayward. To make a decision. Shak. To end consequentially. Temple. To re- solve concerning any thing. Shakspeare. DETERMINER*, de-ter'-m?n-ur. n.s. One who makes a determination. Fulke. DETERRATION, de-ter-ra'-shun. n.s. [de and terra, Lat.] Discovery of any thing by removal of the earth that hides it. Woodward. DETERSION, de-teV-shun. n. s. [detergo, Lat.] The act of cleansing a sore. Wiseman. DETERSIVE, de-ter'-slv. 158. a. Having the power to cleanse. Bullokjtr. | DETERSIVE, de-ter'-slv. 428. n. s. An application that has the power of cleansing wounds. Wiseman. To DETE'ST $, de-test', v. a. [deiestor, Lat.] To hate ; to abhor. Spenser. DETE'ST ABLE, de-tes'-ta-bl. a Hateful 5 abhor red. 2 Mace. DETE'ST ABLY, de-tes'-ta-ble. a. Hatefully; abom inably. South. DETE'STABLENESS*. de-teV-ta-bl-nes. n. s. The quality of being detestable. A. Smith. DETESTATION, det-es-ta'-sh&n. 530. n. s. Ha- tred; abhorrence; abomination. DETE'STER, de-tes'-tur. 98. n. s. One that hates or abhors. South. To DETHRO'NE $. de-thvOne'. v. a. [de and thronns, Lat.] To divest of regality; to throw down from the throne. Hume. DETHRONEMENT*, de-tfir6ne'-ment. n.s. The act of dethroning. DETHRO'INER*, de-^r6'-nur. n.s. One who con- tributes towards depriving of regai dignity. Arch- deacon Ainvway. DEV DEV -no, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pdund ; — '/tin, Tiiis. DETO'RSION*, I ,u,a, ,* 5«.s.Adeps DETORTION*, \ d e-tor'-shun. J from ^ 7 T o DETHRO'NIZE*, de-^r6'-nlze. v. a. To un- throne. Cotgrave. DETTNUE, de-tm'-u. 503. n.s. [detinue, Fr.] A writ that lies against him, who, having- goods or chattels delivered to him to keep, refuses to deliver them again. Cowel. ToDE'TONATE$* det'-6-nate. v. n. [detono, Lat.] To make a noise like thunder. DETONA'TION, det-6-na'-shun. n. s. A noise more forcible than the ordinary crackling of salts in cal- cination. Boyle. To DE'TONIZE, det'-t6-nlze. v.a. To calcine with detonation. Arbuthnot. >arture the orig- inal design. Donne. To DETO'RT$, de-tort', v.a. [detortus, Lat.] To wrest from the original import, meaning, or design. Dryden. VETO 1 UR*, de-to6V. n. s. [Fr.] A turning 5 a way about. Dean Tucker. To DETRACT §, de-trakt'. v. a. [detractum, Lat.] To derogate ; to take away by envy any thing from the reputation of another. Bacon. To take awav ; to withdraw. Wotton. DETRA'CTER, de-trak'-tur. n. s. One that takes away another's reputation. Spenser. DETRACTION, de-trak'-slmn. n. s. The impair- ing or lessening a man in point of fame. Ayliffe. A withdrawing ; a taking away. Bacon. DETRACTIONS*, de-triik'-shus. a. Lessening the honour of a thing 5 dishonourable. Johnson. DETRACTIVE*, de-trak'-tfv. a. Having the power to take or draw away. Knight. Disposed to dero- gate. Bp. Morton. DETRACTOR*, de-trak'-tur. n. s. One that takes away another's reputation. Sir T. Elyot. DETRACTORY, de-trak'-tur-e. 557. a. Defama- tory; derogatory. Brown. DETRACTRESS, de-trak'-tres. n. s. A censorious woman. Addison. To DETRECT§*, de-trekt'. v.a. [detreclo, Lat.] To refuse ; to decline. Fotherby. Ob. T. DETRECTA'TION*, de-trek-uV-shun. n.s. Are- fusing to do a thing. Cockeram. Ob. T. DETRIMENT §, det'-tre-ment. n. s. [detrimentum, Lat.] Loss; damage; mischief. Hooker. DETRIMENTAL, det-tre-men'-tal. a. Mischievous ; harmful ; causing loss. Addison-. DETRFT10N,de-trlsh'-un. 507. n.s. [Writes, Lat.] The act of wearing awa\ r . Steevens. To DETRU'DE§, de-trood'. v. a. [detrudo, Lat.] To thrust down ; to force into a lower place. Dames. To DETRU'NCATE$, de-tr&ng'-kate. 0.0. [de- trunco, Lat.] To lop ; to cut. Cockeram. DETRUNCA'TION, det-rung-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of lopping or cutting. Biblioth. Bib. DETRU SION, de-tr66°zhun. n. s. [detrusio, Lat.] The act of thrusting or forcing down. Bp. Hall. DETURBA'TION, det-&r-ba'?shun. n. s. [deturbo, Lat.] Degradation. Diet. To DETUTtPATE*, de-tur'-pate. v. a. [deturpo, LatJ To defile. Bp. Taylor. DEUCE, duse. n. s. [dates, old Fr.] Two. A word used for a card or die with two spots. Shakspeare. The devil. See Deuse. DEUSE, duse. n. s. [from Dusius, the name of a certain species of evil spirits.] The devil ; a lu- dicrous word. Congreve. DEUTERO'GAMlST^du-ter-og'-a-mk. n.s. He who enters into a second marriage. Goldsmith. DEUTEROGAMY $, du-ter-og'-a-me. 518. n.s. [Shrepos and yapo;.] A second marriage. Gold- smith. DEU'TERONOMY. du-ter-on'-^-me. 518. n.s. [Sivrspas vofiog.] The second book of the law ; the fifth book of Moses. Gray. DEUTERO'SCOPY, du-ter-6s'-k6-pe. n.s. [Zevrcpos and (tkitteu).'] The second intention ; the meaning bevond the literal sense. Brown. Ob. J. To DEVA'ST $*, de-vast', v. a. [devasto, Lat.] To plunder ; to waste. Sandys. Ob. T. To DEVASTATE*, de-vas'-tate. v.a. To waste. DEVASTATION, dev-as-uV-sh&n. n.s. Waste havock ; desolation. Bp. Hall. To DEYE'LOPE$, de-vel'-up. v. a. [developer, Fr.} To disengage,; to disentangle; to clear from its covering. Pope. DEVE'LOPEMENT*, de-veT-up-m^nt. n. s. The act of minutely showing; an exhibition. Dr. War~ ton. DEVE'RGENCE, de-ver'-jense. n. s. [devergeniia, LatJ Declivity; declination. Diet. To DEVE'ST, de-vest', v. a. [deveslio, Lat.] [More frequently divest.] To strip ; to deprive of clothes. + SJiak. To annul ; to take away any thing good. Bacon. To free from any thing bad. Prior. DE VE'X §, de- veks'. a. [dev&xus, Lal.~] Bending down ; declivous. DEVE'X*, de-v£ks'. n. s. Devexity. May. DEVE'XITY, de-vek'-se-te. n.s. Incurvation down- wards; declivity. Dairies. ToDE'VIATEMe'-ve-ate. 542. v.n. [devier, Fr.] To wander from the right or common way. Dry- den. To go astray ; to err ; to sin. DEVIATION, de-ve-a'-shun. n.s. The act of quit- ting the right way. Cheyne. Variation from estab- lished rule. Holder. Offence ; obliquity of con- duct. Clarissa. DEVICE §, de-vlse'. n.s. [devise, Fr.] A contrivance ; a stratagem. Shak. A design ; a scheme formed. Hooker. The emblem on a shield ; the ensign ar- morial. Dryden. Invention; genius. Shak. A spectacle ; a show. Beaumont and Fletcher. DEVICEFUL*, de-vlse'-f ul. a. Full of costly spec- tacles. Spenser. Inventive; full of speculation. Spenser. DEVICEFULLY*, de-vlse'-ful-le. ad. In a manner curiously contrived. Donne. DE'VIL §, dev'-vl. 159, 405. n. s. [biopul, Sax.] A fallen angel ; the tempter and spiritual enemy of mankind. Sliak. A wicked manor woman. Shak. A ludicrous term for mischief. Granville. J)E'VILING*, dev'-vl-ing. n. s. A young devil. Beau- mont and Flelclier. DE VILISH, dev'-vl-Ish. a. Partaking of the quali- ties of the devil ; diabolical. Sidney. Having communication with the devil. Shak. An epithet of abhorrence or contempt. Slutk. Excessive : iu a ludicrous sense. Addison. DEVILISHLY, dev'-vl-ish-le. ad. Diabolically. Burton. DE'VILISHNESS*, dev'-vl-?sh-nes. n.s. The qual- ity of the devil. Bale. DE^ILISM*, deV-vl-lzm. n. s. The state of devils. Bp. Hall. To DE VILIZE*, dev'-vl-lze. v. a. To place among devils. Bp. Hall. DE'VILKIN, dev'-vl-k?n. n. s. A little devil. Cla- rissa. DE VILSHIP*, dev'-vl-ship. n.s. The character of a devil. Cowley. DE'VIOUS, cfe'-ve-us. 542. a. [dermis, Lat.] Out of the common track. Dryden. Wandering ; roving ; rambling. Thomson. Erring. Clanssa. ToDEVFRGINATE*, de-ver'-je-nate. v. a. [devir- gino. Lat.] To deflour ; to deprive of virginity. Sandys. Ob. T. DEVFSABLE*, de-vl'-za-bl. a. Capable of being contrived, or invented. Sadler. Possible to be ex- cogitated. Barrow. That may be granted by will. Blackstone. To DEVPSE §, de-vlze/. 347. v. a. [deviser, Fr.] To contrhie ; to form by art ; to invent. Spenser. To plan ; to scheme. Jeremiah. To DEVPSE, de-vlze'. v. n. To consider; to con- trive. Spenser. DEVISE, de-vlze'. n. s. [devise, old Fr.] The act of givingor bequeathing by will. Cowel. Contrivance. [See Device.] Hooker. To DEVPSE, d^-vlze'. v. a. To grant by will. A law term. DEVISEE', dev-e-zee'. n. s. He to whom something is bequeathed by will. 283 DEV DIA O 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— mi, mel;— pine, p?n;— DEVl'SER, de-vi'-zur. n.s. A contriver; an in- venter. Brown. DEVl'SOUR, de-vl'-zur. n.s. He that gives by will: DE'V1TABLE$, dSv'-e-td-bl. a. [deviiabilis, Lat.] Possible to be avoided. Diet. DEVITA'TION, dev-e-ta'-shun. n. s. Escaping or avoiding. Diet. DEVOCA'TION*, dev'-6-ka'-shV. #Cp Mr. Sheridan lias given the long sound of e to the second syllable of this word, contrary to the general practice, which is supported by the most general rule in pronunciation. The antepenultimate accent, unless succeeded by a diphthong, always shortens the vowel it falls upon. 534. Nor does the diphthong in this word prevent the shortening power of the accent any more than in Ccesarea. 124. W. DIAGNO'STICK, dl-ag-nos'-tlk. n. s. (SiaytvfaKio.} A symptom by which a disease is distinguished from others. Harvey. DIAGONAL $, di-ag'-6-nal. 116. a. [Siaywios] Reaching from one angle to another, so as to di- vide a parallelogram into equal parts. Brown. DIAGONAL, dl-V-A-nal. n.s. A line drawn from angle to angle, and dividing a square into equal parts. Locke. DIAGONALLY, dl-ag'-6-naI-e. ad. In a diagonal direction. Brown. DFAGRAM, dl'-a-gram. n. s. [Sidypaupa.] A deline- ation of geometrical figures. Dry aen. DIAGRAPHICAL* cu-a-graf-e-kal. a. [Sid and ypd a. Preceptive ; DIDA'CTICK, de-dak'-ffk. 124. $ giving precepts. Bp. Taylor. DFDAPPER, did'-ap-pur. n. s. [from dip.} A bird that dives into the water. Beaumont and Fletcher. DIDASCA'LICK, dld-as-kal'-uk. 125, 509. a. [<$ l( W- Ka\iK'><; ] Preceptive ; didactick. Prior. To DFDDER, dld'-d&r. v. n. [diddern, Teut.] To quake with cold ; to shiver. Sherwood. 7b DI'DDLE*,did'-dl. v.n. To totter; to move like a child, or an aged person. Quarks. DFWRACHM*, dl'-dram. n. s. [Ms and fya^.] A piece of money; the fourth part of an ounce of shyer. Bp. Taylor. DIDST, didst. The second person of the preter tense of do. Dry den.. DIDUCTION, de-duk'-shfin. n. s. [didwtio, Lat.] lan- as a Separation by withdrawing one part from the other. Boyle. To DIE$, dl. v. a. [bea£, or beah, Sax.] To tinge to colour ; to stain. Milton. DIE, dl. n.s. Colour; tincture. Shakspeare. To DIE $, dl. v. n. [beabian, Sax.] To lose life ; to expire; to pass into another state of existence Sidney. To perish by violence or disease. Dry- den. To be punished with death. Shak. To be lost; to perish; to come to nothing. Shak. To sink ; to faint. 1 Sam. [In theology.] To perish everlastingly. Hake-will. To languish with pleasure or tenderness. Pope. To vanish. Shak. To guish with affection. Taller. To wither, vegetable. St. John. To grow vapid, as liquor. DIE, dl. 71. s. pi. dice, [de, Fr.] A small cube, marked on its faces with numbers from one to six, which gamesters throw in play. Shak. Hazard; chance Spenser. Any cubick body. Watts. DIE, dl. ?i.s. pi . dies. The stamp used in coinage. Swift. DFER, dl'-Qr. 98. n. s. One who follows the trade of dyeing. Waller. DFET§, dF-eH. n. s. [dixta, Lat.] Food; provisions for the mouth ; victuals. Raleigh.. Food regulated by the rules of medicine. Bacon. Allowance of provision. Jeremiah. To DFET, dl'-et. v. a. To feed by the rules ofmedi- cine. Spenser. To give food to. Shak. To board, to supply with diet. To DFET, d\'-h. v. n. To eat by rules of physick. To eat ; to feed. Milton. DFET, d\'-h. n. s. [a multitude, German.] An assem- bly of princes or estates. Raleigh. DIET-DRINK, dl'-e>drmk. n. s. Medicated liquors. Locke. DFETARY, dl'-et-a-re. a. Pertaining to the rules of diet. Diet. DFETARY*, di'-et-a-re. n. s. A medicine of diet. Huloet. DIETER, di'-et-ur. 98. n. s. One who prescribes rules for eating. Shakspeare. D1ETE T1CAL, dl-e-tet'-e-kal. ) a. [<5< a it>/t <*?,.] Re- DIETE'TICK, dl-e-uV-?k. \ bating to diet"; be longing' to the medicinal cautions about the use of food. Broivn. DFETING*, dV-h-fag. n. s. The act of eating by rules. Milton. DIFFARREA'TION*. dlf-far-i-a'-shfln. n.s. [dis mxdfarreatio, Lat.] The parting of a cake ; a sacra- fice performed between man and wife at their di- vorcement, among the Romans. Bullokar. To DIFFERS, dlf-fur. 98. v.h. [differo, Lat.] To be distinguished from; to have properties and quali- ties not the same with those of another. Bacon. To contend ; to be at variance. Bacon. To be of a contrarv opinion. Burnet. To DIFFER*, dif-fur. v. a. To make different Cowley. DIFFERENCE, dlf-ffir-ense. 555. n. s. [differen- tia, Lat.] State of being distinct from something. Hooker. The quality by which one differs from another. Raleigh. The disproportion between one thing and another caused by the qualities of each. Shak. Dispute ; debate. Shak. Distinction. Ad- dison. Point in question; ground of controversy. Shak. A logical distinction. Baron. Evidences of distinction. Danes. Distinct kind. Brown. To DIFFERENCE, dif-fur-ense. t, a. To cause a difference; to make one thing not the same as another. Bp. Hall. DFFFERENT, dlf-fur-ent. a. Distinct; not the same, Addison. Of contrary qualities. Phillips. Unlike ; dissimilar. Dry den.. DIFFERENTIAL, d?f-fur-eW-shal. a. Differential method' consists in descending from whole quanti- ties to their infinitely small differences, and compar- ing together these infinitely small differences, of what kind soever thev be. Hai-ris. DIFFERENTLY, diF-fdr-ent-le. a. In a different manner. Addison. DFFFERINGLY, dlf-fur-?ng-le. ad. In a different manner. Boyle. 286 DIF DIG -n6, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6il ; — pound ; — thin, THis. M'FFICILE §, dif-fe-sll. a. [diMcilis, Lai.] Diffi- cult ; hard ; not easy. Sir T. Elyot. Scrupulous j hard to be persuaded. Bacon. Little used. DI'FFICILENESS, dff-fe-sil-nes. n. s. Difficulty to be persuaded. Bacon. To DIFFICFLITATE*, ctif-fe-sil'-e-tate. v. a. To make difficult. Cotgrave. DIFFICULT $, dlf-fe-kolt. a. Hard} not easy; not facile. Zechariah. Troublesome; vexatious. Hard to please ; peevish ; morose. To DIFFICULT ATE*, dlP-fe-kfil-tate. ».«, [dif- Jkulter, Fr.] To render difficult ; to perplex. Cot- grave. DIFFICULTLY, dif-fe-kult-le. ad. Hardly; with difficulty. Rogers. DIFFICULTY, dif-fe-kul-te. n. s. Hardness ; con- trariety to easiness or facility. Rogers. That which is hard to accomplish. South. Distress; opposition. Dryden. Perplexity in affairs. Addison. Objec- tion; cavil. Swift. ToI)lFFPDE§, dlf-fide'. v.n. [diffido, Lat.] To distrust ; to have no confidence in. More. DFFF1DENCE, dlf'-fe-dense. n. s. Distrust ; want of confidence. Bacon. Doubt; want of confidence in ourselves. Locke. Dl'FFIDENT, dlf'-fe-dent. a. Distrustful ; doubting others. Milton. Doubtful of an event; uncertain. Pope. Doubtful of himself; not confident. King Clmrles. DIFFIDENTLY*, dlf-fe-dent-le. ad. In a manner not presumptuous. Smart. To D1FFFND §, dif-flnd'. v. a. [dijindo, Lat.] To cleave in two ; to split. Diet. DIFFFNITIVE*, dlf-f'fn'-e-tiv. a. [diffi.nio, diffmi- tum, Lat.] Determinate ; definitive. Sir H. Wot- ton. DIFFUSION, dlf-flsh'-fin. [See Abscission.] n. s. [difisio, Lat.] The act of cleaving or splitting. Diet. DIFFLA'TION, dif-tla'-shun. n? s. [difflare, Lat.] The act of scattering with a blast of wind. Diet. DFFFLUENCE, dlf'-flu-ense. ) n. s. [diffluo, Lat.] DFFFLUENCY, diP-fiu-en-se. \ The quality of fall- ing away on all sides ; the effect of fluidity. Brmvn. DI'FFLUENT, diP-flu-ent. 518. a. Flowing every wav ; not consistent ; not fixed. DFFFORMS, dW-Jdrm. a. [forma, Lat.] Contrry to uniform; dissimilar; unlike; irregular. New- ton. DIFFO'RMITY, dlf-f6r'-me-te. n. s. Diversity of form; irregularity. Brown. DIFFRA'NCHISEMENT, dlf-fran'-tshlz-ment. n. s. [franchise, Fr.] The act of taking away privi- leges. To DIFFUSE §, dlf-fuze'. v. a. [diffusus ? L DILU'CIDS, de-lu'-sfd. 124. a. [dilucidus, Lat._' Clear ; not opaque. Clear ; plain ; not obscure. To DILU'CIDATE, de-lu'-se-dale. v. a. To make clear or plain ; to explain. Broivn. DILUCIDATION, de-lu-se-da'-shun. n. s. The act of making clear. DILUCIDLY*, de-liV-sfd-le. ad. Clearly ; evidently Bailey. DILUENT §, dllMu-eVit. a. [diluens, Lat.] Having the power to thin and attenuate other matter. DILUENT, dil'-lu-ent. n. s. That which thins other matter. Arbuthnot. To DILU'TE §, de-lute'. 124. v. a. [diluo, Lat.] T. make thin ; to attenuate by the admixture of othe» parts. Locke. To make weak. Newton. DILU'TE, de-lute', a. Thin; attenuated ; figurative- ly, poor. More. DILU'TER, de-lu'-tur. n. s. That which makes any thing else thin. Arbuthnot. DILLPTION, de-lu'-shun. n.s. Making any thing thin or weak. Arbuthnot. DILU'VIAN, de-lu'-ve-an. 124. a. Relating to the deluge. Burnet. T , oDILU / VIATE*,de-hV-ve-ate. v.n. [diluvio, Lat.] To run as a flood. Sir E. Sandys. DLM.§, dim. a. [bim, Sax.] Not having a quick sight ; not seeing clearly. Dairies. Dull of apprehension. Rogers, Not clearly seen; obscure. Loc/ce. Not luminous; somewhat dark. Spenser. To DIM, dim. v. a. To cloud ; to darken. Spenser. To make less bright; to obscure. Spenser. >IM-SIGHTED*,dim'-sl'- " Bp. Taylor.^ -t£d. a. Having weak eyes. DIMBLE*, dim'-bl. n. s. A bower; a retreat; a cell. B. Jonson. DIMENSION §, de-men'-shun. 124. n. s. [dimensio, Lat.] Space contained in any thing; bulk ; extent ; capacity. Shakspeare. DIME'NSIONLESS, de-meV-shun-les. a. Without any definite bulk. Milton. DLME'NSITY* de-men'-se-te. n.s. Extent; capa- city. Howell. DIME'NSIVE, de-men'-slv. a. That which marks the boundaries or outlines. Davies. DIMETER*, dim'-e-tur. [See Trigonal.] a. [Lat.] Having two poetical measures. Tyrwhitt. DIMICA'TION, dlm-e-ka'-sh&n. n. s. [dimicatio, Lat.] A battle ; contest. Diet. To DIMIDIATE §*, de-m?d'-de-ate. v. a. [dimidio, Lat.] To divide into two parts. Cockeram. DIMIDJ A'TION, de-mfd-de-a'-shun. n. s. Halving : division into two equal parts. Diet. To DIMINISH $, de-mm'-'ish. 124. v. a. [diminuo. Lat.] To make less. Locke. To impair; to lessen; to degrade. Milton. To take any thing from that to which it belongs. Haijxcard. 95= What ha9 been observed of the e ending a syllable before the accent, is applicable to the i .- they are both exactly the same sound. — Pee Despatch. W. 288 DIN DIP — n6. m6ve, nor, not 5 — tube, l6b, bull}— 6il; — pound, — //(in, this. To DIMINISH, de-min'-?sh. 124. v.n. To grow iess ; to be unpaired. Dryderi. DIMINISHING LY, de-min'-ish-iug-Ie. ad. In a manner tending to vilify, or lessen. Locke. DIMFNUENT*, de-min'-nu-ent. a. Lessening. Bp. Sanderson. DFMINUTE*, dlm'-e-nute. a. Small 5 diminutive. Sir A. Gorges. DIM FN UTELY*, dim'-e-nute-le. ad. In a manner which lessens. Bp. Sanderson. DIMINUTION, dim-me-mV-sh&n. n. s. The act of making less. Hooker. The state of growing less. Newton. Discredit; loss of dignity ; degradation. Phillips. Deprivation of dignity. K. diaries. [In architecture.] The contraction of the diameter of a column, as it ascends. DIMINUTIVE, de-min'-nu-tlv. a. Small; little. Shakspeare, DFMPNUTIVE, de-mln'-nu-tiv. n. s. A word form- ed to express littleness ; as, manikin, a little man. Bacon. A small thing : a sense not in use. Shale. That which diminishes. Burton. DIMINUTIVELY, de-min'-nu-t3v-le. ad. In a di- minutive manner. DIMFNUT1VENESS, de-mtn'-nu-tiv-nes. n, s. Smallness ; littleness. Student. DFM1SH, dim'-ish. a. Somewhat dim. Swift. DIMPSSION*, de-mlslV-fin. n. s. [dimissio, Lat.] Leave to depart. Huloet. DPMISSORY, dlm'-is-sur-re. a. That by which a man is dismissed to another jurisdiction. Ayliffe. Granting leave to depart. Bp. Prideaux. g^T I have followed Dr. Johnson'3 accentuation of this word, as more agreeable to analogy than Mr. Sheridan's. See Rhyming Dictionary, under this word. W. To DIMI'T$#, de-mit'. v. a. [dimitlo, Lat.] To allow to go ; also, to grant to farm. Huloet. DIMITY, dlm'-e-te ; n. s. A fine kind of fustian, or cloth of cotton. Wiseman. DFMLY, dim'-le. ad. Not with a quick sight, or clear perception. Milton. Not brightly 3 not luminously. Boyle. DIMMING*, dim'-ming. n. s. Obscurity. Shak. DFMNESS, dk'-nSs. n. s. Dulness of sight. Bp. Patrick. Want of apprehension. Decay of Piety. DFMPLE §, dlm'-pl. 405. n. s. [dintU, a little hole ; by a careless pronunciation, dimple.] A small cavi- tv or depression in the cheek, chin, or other part. Grew. To DFMPLE, dlm'-pl. v. n. To sink in small cavi- ties. Dryden. DFMPLED, dim'-pld. 405. a. Set with dimples. Shak. DFMPLY, dim'-ple. a. Full of dimples. Thomson. DIN §, din. n. s. [byn, Sax.] A loud noise 3 a vio- lent and continued sound. Spenser. To DIN, din. v. a. To stun with noise. Otway. To impress with violent and continued noise. Swift. To DINE §., dine. v. n. [diner, Fr.] To eat the chief meal about the middle of the day. Sluxkspeare. To DINE, dine. v. a. To give a dinner to. Dryden. DFNE'TICAL, de-net'-e-kal. 124. a. [Sivjtikos.] Whirling round 3 vertiginous. Brown. To DING §, ding. v. a. pret. and part, dinged and dung, [dingam, Gael.] To dash with violence. Marston. To impress with force. To DING, ding. v. n. To bluster 3 to bounce 5 to huff. A low word. Arbidhnot. DING DONG, ding-dong', n. s. A word by which the sound of bells is imitated. Shakspeare. DFNGLE, dlng'-gl. 405. n. s. [ben, or bin, Sax.] A hollow between hills; a dale. Draijton. DINGLE-DANGLE*, dlng'-gl-dang'-gl. Any thing carelessly pendent. Wdrton. DFNGFNESS*, din'-je-nes. n. s. The quality of being dingy or brownish. DFNGY§*, din'-je. a. [buni^, Sax.] Dark brown; dun ; dirty. Ellis. DINING-ROOM, dl'-ning-rSom. n. s. The room where entertainments are made. Bp. Taylor. DFNNER, din'-nftr. 98. n. s. The chief meal ; the meal oaten about the middle of the day. SJialc. DINNER-TIME, dln'-nur-time. n. s. The time of dining. Shakspeare. DINT §, dint. n. s. [from ding, to strike.] A blow ; a stroke. Spenser. The mark made by a blow 5 the cavity remaining after a violent pressure. Dry- den. Violence ; force ; power. Shakspeare. To DINT, dint. v. a. To mark with a cavity by a blow. Spenser. DINUMERA'TION, dl-nu-mer-a'-shun. 125. n. s. [dinumeratio, Lat.] The act of numbering out sin- gly. Bultokar. D10'CESAN,di-os'-se-san.ll6. [dl-os'-se-san, Sheri- dan, Perry, and Jones: dl-6-se'-san, Bailey and Ash .] n. s. A bishop as he stands related to his own cler- gy or flock. South. DIO'CESAN*, dl-os'-se-san. a. Pertaining to a dio- cess. DFOCESS §, or DFOCESE, dl'-6-s£s. n.s. [diaecesrs, Lat.] The circuit of every bishop's jurisdiction. Whitgift. A district or division of a country, gen- erally speaking. L. Addison. DIO'PTIC AL*, dl-6p'-te-kal. ) a. [dioptra, Lat.] DIO'PTICK*, dl-opMik. f Affordiftgame- DIO PTRICAL §, dl-6p'-tre-kal. ( dium for the D10'PTPdCK$,dl-6p'-trik. 116. ) sight; assisting the sight in the view of distant objects. Boyle. DIO'PTRICKS, dl-6p'-triks. 509. n. s. A part of opticks, treating of the different refractions of the light passing through different mediums, as, the air, water, glasses, &c. Harris. DFORISM $*, dl'-6-rlzm. n. s. [Sidp6tTua.~] Distinction, or definition. More. DIORFSTICALLY*, dl-6-ris'-te-kal-le. ad. In a dis- tinguishing manner. More. DIORTHO'SIS, di-or-tfiO'-sk 520. n. s. [& O p0 w \ DFREFULNESS* dlre'-ffil-nSs. n.s. Dreadfulness; horrour. Dr. Warton. DIRE'MPTION*, dl-rem'-shfin. n.s. [diremptio, Lat.] Separation. Bp. Hall. DFRENESS, dlre'-nes. n.s. Dismalness; horrour. Shakspeare. DIRECTION, dl-rep'-sh&n. 125. n.s. [direptio, Lat.] The act of plundering - . DIRGE, d&rje. n. s. [dyrke, Teut.] A mournful dit- ty a song of lamentation. Shakspeare. DPR1GENT, dlr-e-jent. a. [dirigens, Lat.] The dirigent line in geometry, is that along which the line describent is carried in the generation of any figure. Harris. DIRK §, dfirk. n. s. A kind of dagger used in the Highlands of Scotland. Ticket. DIRKE*, durk. a. An old word for dark. Spenser. To DIRKE, d5rk. v. a. To darken; to obscure. Sp( user. DIRT§, d&rt. 108. n.s. [Goth.] Excrement. Judges. Mud ] filth ; mire. Denham. Meanness ; sordidness. To DIRT, dSrt. v. a. To foul ; to bemire. Swift. DIRT-PIE, d&rt-pi'. n. s. Forms moulded by chU dren of clay, in imitation of pastry. Suckling. DFRTILY, diW-e-le. ad. Nastily; foully; filthily Ld. Cliesterfield. Meanly; sordidly; shamefully Donne. DFRTINESS, d&rt'-e-ngs. n. s. Nastiness ; mean ness ; sordidness. DFRTY, durt'-e. a. Foul ; nasty , filthy. Shakspeare. Sullied; clouded; not elegant. Locke. Mean; base ; despicable. Bp. Taylor. To DFRTY, d&rt'-e. v. a. To foul ; to soil. Arhdh not. To disgrace ; to scandalize. D1RUTTION §, dl-r&p'-sh&n. 125. n. s. [diruptin, Lat.] Bursting or breaking. DIS, dis, or dk. 125, 435. An inseparable particle, impWing commonly a private or negative signifi cation : as, to arm, to disarm ; to join, to disjoin. {c5= When the accent, either primary or secondary, is or. this inseparable preposition, the s is always sharp and hissing, 41 ; but when the accent is on the second syl- lable, the s will be either hissing or buzzing, according to the nature of the consecutive letter. That is, if a sharp mute, as, p, t, Szc. succeed, the preceding s mu^t be pronounced sharp and hissing, as dispose, distaste, obliterate. Bacon. To divest of any office or em- ployment. To dismiss; to release. Shakspeare. To emit. Wiseman. To DISCHARGE, dls-tsharje'. v. n. To dismiss i*- self; to break up. Bacon. DISCHARGE, dls-tsharje'. n.s. Vent; explosion, emission. Woodward. Matter vented. Sharp. Dis- ruption ; evanescence. Bacon. Dismission from an office. Release from an obligation or penalty. Mil- ton. Absolution from a crime. South. Ransom ; price of ransom. Milton. Performance; execution. V Estrange. An acquittance from a debt. Ex- emption; privilege. Eccl. DISCHARGER, diVtshar'-jur. n.s. He that dis- charges in any manner. W. Mountagu. He that fires a gun. Brown. To DISCHURCH*, dls-tsh&rtsh'. v. a. [dis and church.] To deprive of the rank of a church. Bp. Hall. To DISCFDE*, dls-slde'. v.a. To divide ; to cut in two. Speru DISCFNCT, dls-slnkt'. a. [discinclus, Lat.] Ungird- ed; loosely dressed. Diet. ToDISCLND, dls-slnd'. v.a. [discindo, Lat.] To divide ; to cut in pieces. Boijle. DISCFPLE5, dls-sl'-pl. 405. n. s. [discipulus, Lat.] A scholar ; one that professes to receive instruc- tions from another. Hammond. To D1SCITLE, dls-sl'-pl. v.a. To train ; to bring up. Shak. To punish ; to discipline. Spenser. DISCITLELIKE*, d'is-sl'-pl-llke. a. Becoming a disciple. Milton. D1SCFPLESH1P, dis-sl'-pl-stfp. n. s. The state or function of a disciple. Bp. Hall. DISCIPLINABLE, dls'-se-plhi-a-bl. a. Capable of instruction; capable of improvement by discipline. DISCIPLFNABLENESS, dls'-se-plin-a-bl-nes. n.s. Capacity of instruction. Hale. DISCIPLINANT*, dis'-se-plln-ant. n. s. One of a religious order, so called. Shelton. DISCIPLINARIAN, dls-se-ptin-a'-re-an. a. Per- taining to discipline. Glanville. DISCIPLINARIAN, dfs-se-plm-a'-r^-an. n. s. One who rules or teaches with great strictness. Fuller. A follower of the Presbyterian sect, so called from their clamour about discipline. Sanderson. DISCIPLINARY, d?s'-se-pl?n-a-re. 512. a. Pertain- ing to discipline. Bacon. Relating to government. Bp. Feme. Relating to a regular course of educa- tion. Milton. DISCIPLINE \, dls'-se-phn. 150. n.s. [disciplina f Lat.] Education ; instruction. Spenser. Rule of government; order. Hooker. Military regulation. Sliak. A state of subjection. Rogers. Any thing taught ; art ; science. Witkins. Punishment ; chastisement. Addison. External mortification. Bp. Taylor. To DISCIPLINE, dls'-se-plm. v. a. To educate. Locke. To regulate. Scott. To punish. Shak. To advance by inslmction. Milton. To DISCLAIMS, dls-klame'. v. a. [dis and claim.] To disown; to deny any knowledge of; to re- nounce. Shakspeare. DISCLAIMER, dls-kla'-mur. 98. n. s. One that disclaims, disowns, or renounces. [In Iaw/J A plea containing an express denial or refusal. Cowel. To DISCLOSE, d?s-kl6ze'. v, a. [dis and close.] To uncover. Drydcn. To hatch ; to open. Bacon. To reveal ; to tell. Ecclus. DISCLOSE*, d;s-kl6ze'. n. DISCLOSER, dis-kkV-z&r. or disco vers. DISCLOSURE, dis-klo'-zhure. 452. n.s. Discov- ery. Bacon. Act of revealing any thing secret. Bac. 292 . Discovery. Young, n s. One that reveals DIS DIS -116, move, nor, n&t: — lube, tub, bull; — 611; — pound; — thin, Tiiis. DISCLU'SION, di's-klu'-zhun. n. s. [discUxus, Lat.] Emission. More. To DISCO'AST*, discontinues a rale or custom. Commun. to Abp. Laud. DISCONTINUITY, dls-k6n-te-nu'-e-te. n. s. Dis- unity of parts. Aewton. DISCONTINUOUS*. dls-kOn-tin'-u-fis. a. Wide; extended ; gaping. Milton. DISCONVENLEiNCES, dis-kon-ve'-ne-ense. n.s. [disconvenience, old Fr.] Incongruity ; disagree- ment. Bp. Bravihall. DISCONVENIENT* d?s-k6n-v£'-ne-£nt. a. Op- posite ; incongruous. Bp. Reynolds. DISCORD §, dis'-kSrd. 492. n. s. [discordia, Lat,] Disagreement; opposition; mutual anger. Shak. Difference, or contrariety of qualities; particularly of sounds. Shak. A combination of disagreeing sounds. Bacon. To DISCORD, d?s-k6rd''. 492. v. n. To disagree Bojcon. DISCORDANCE, dls-kor'-danse. ) n. s. [from dis- DISCORDANCY, dv-le. ad In an observance of due distinction. Mede. DISCRFMINOUS, dls-krhn'-e-nus. a. Dangerous ; hazardous. Ha/ret/. DISCROCIATING*, drs-kroiV-she-a-tlng. a. [dis- cnicio, Lat.] Painful. Brown. DISCUBITORY, d?s-ku'-be-tur-e. 512. a. [discubi- torius, Lat.] Fitted to the posture of leaning-. Brown. To DISCU'LPATE* dfe-kul'-pate. v.a. [dis and culpo, La!.] To exculpate ; to clear from the impu- tation of a fault. Ashton. DISCUMBENCY, dls-kftm'-ben-se. n.s. [discum- bens, Lat.] The act of leaning- at meat, after the ancient manner. Brown. To DISCUMBER, dts-luW-bur. v.a. [dis and cumber.] To disengage from any troublesome weight, or impediment. Pope. To DISCU RE, dis-kore'. v. a. [decouvrir, Fr.] To discover ; to reveal. Spenser. Ob. J. DISCURRENT*,d?s-kiV-rent. a. tyis and current.] Not current ; deprived of circulation. Sir E. San- dijs. DISCU'RSIST*, dis-kfir'-sJst. n. s. [discursus, Lat.] An arguer ; a disputer. L. Addison. DISCURSIVE $, d?s-kfir'-s?v. 158. a. [dkcu.rsif, Fr.] Moving here and there; roving; desultory. Ba- con. Proceeding by regular gradation from prem- ises to consequences ; argumentative. More. DISCURSIVELY, dls-k&r'-s?v-le. ad. By due gra- dation of argument. Hah. DISCURSIVENESS*, dls-kur'-sfv-nes. n. s. Due gradation of arguments. Barrow. DISCURSORY, dls-kfir'-sur-e. [See Domestick.] a. [discursor, Lat.] Annimental ; rational. Bp. Hall. DFSC US, d!s -kfis. n. s. [Lat.] A quoit ; a heavy piece of iron thrown in the ancient sports. Pope. To DISCUSS §, dls-kfls'. v. a. [discutio.discnssum, Lat.] To examine ; to ventilate ; to clear by dis- quisition. Hooker. To disperse. Sir T. Brown. To break to pieces. Brown. To shake off. Spen- DISCU'SSER, dis-kus'-sur. 93. n. s. He that dis- cusses ; an examiner. DISCUSSING* dis-kiV-sfng. n. s. Examination. Ayliffe. DISCU'SSION, dls-kfis'-shfin. n. s. Disquisition ; examination. South. [In surgery.] The breathing out the humours by insensible transpiration. Wise- man. DISCURSIVE, ctfs-kfis'-slv. 428. a. Having the power to discuss or disperse any noxious matter. DISCU'TIENT, dls-ku'-shent. n. s. [dismtiens, Lat.] A medicine that has power to repel or drive back the matter of tumours in the blood. Quinr.y. To DISDATN §, diz-dane'. [See Dis.] v. a. [di- daigner, Fr.] To scorn ; to consider as unworthy of one's character. Sidney. To DISDATN*, dlz-dane'. v. n. To scorn ; to think unworthy. Milton. To grow impatient or angry. B. Jonson. DISDATN, d?z-deine'. n.s. Contempt; scorn; in- dignation. Ecclus. DISDAINFUL, dk-dane'-ful. a. Contemptuous ; haughtily scornful ; indignant. Hooker. DISDAINFULLY, dlz-dane'-f ul-e. ad. Contemptu- ously ; with haughty scorn. Shalcspeare. DISDAINFULNESS, dfz-dane'-ful-nes. n. s. Con- tempt ; contempluousness. Sidney. DISDAPNING*, d?z-da'-n?ng. n.s. Scorn; con- tempt. Donne. DISEA'SES.dfz-eze'. n.s. [dis and ease.] Distemper; malady. Shalcspeare. Uneasiness. Spenser. jToDISEA'SE, dlz-eze'. v.a. To afflict with dis- ease ; to make morbid ; to infect. Shak. To put to pain ; to pain ; to make uneasy ; to disturb. Sir T. Ehiot. DISEA'SEDNESS, dfz-e'-zed-nes. 365. n. s. Sick- ness ; morbidness. Burnet. DISEA'SEFUL*, dk-eze'-ful. a. [disease and full.] Abounding with disease ; producing disease. Donne. Troublesome ; occasioning uneasiness. Bacon. DISEA'SEMENT* eV-sa-uVle. ad. By dispensation. Sir. H. Wotton. DISPENSA'TOR, d?s-pen-s;V-tur. n. s. [Lat.] One- employed in dealing out anything; a distributer. Bacon. DISPENSATORY, dfs-peV-sa-tfir-e. 512. n. s. [from dispense.] A book in which the composition o-f medicines is described and directed. Bacon. DISPENSATORY*, dfs-peV-sa-lur-e. a. Having the power of granting dispensation. Bp. Rain- bow. To DISPENSE §, drs-p^nse'. v. a. [despenser, Fr.] To deal out ; to distribute. Milton. To make up a medicine. To dispense with. To excuse; to grant dispensation for. Shak. To set free from an obligation. Addison. To obtain a dispensation from ; to come to agreement wnn. Shakspeare. DISPE NSE, dls-pense'. n. s. Dispensation ; exemp- tion. Milton. DISPENSER, d?s-peV-sur. 98. n. s. One that dis- penses ; a distributer. Fvlke. One that frames ex- cuses. Constitutions and Canons Ecclesiastical. To DISPE OPLE §, dis-pe' pi. v. a. [dis and people.] To depopulate ; to empty of people. Spenser. DISPE'OPLER, dfs-pe'-pl-ur. n.s. A depopulator ; a waster. Gay. To DISPE'RGE, d)s-perdjV. v. a. [dispergo, Lat.] To sprinkle ; to scatter. Shakspeare. To DISPE'RSE §, dfs-persc. v. a. [dispersus, Lat.] To scatter ; to drive to different parts. Ezekiel. To dissipate. Sliak. To deal about ; to distribute. Bacon. DISPERSEDLY, dis-per'-s^d-le. 364. ad. In a dis- persed manner ; separately. Hooker. DISPE'RSEDNESS, dis-per'-sed-nes. n.s. The state of being dispersed; dispersion. DISPE'RSENESS, dls-pers'-nes. n.s. Thinness; scalteredness. Brerewood. DISPE'RSER, dls-per'-sur. 98. n. s. A scatterer ; a spreader. Spectator. DISPE'RSION, dis-pey-shim. n.s. [dispersio, Lat.J The act of scattering or spreading. Brown. The state of being scattered. Raleigh. DISPE'RSIVE* dls-per'-slv. a. Having the power to disperse. Dyer. To DISPIRIT §, dk-pir'-h. 109. v. a. [dis and spir it.] To discourage; to deject; to depress. CIoj- endon. To exhaust the spirits. Collier. DISPFRITEDNESS^ls-plr'-lt-ted-nes. n. s. Want of vigour ; want of vivacity. Diet. DISPFTEOUS*, dls-pltsh'-e-fo. a. Malicious ; furi ous. Svenser. DISPPTEOUSLY*, dls-puW-e-us-le.arf. Malicious ly. Mirror for Magistrates. To DISPLACE, dls-plase'. v. a. [dis and place.] To put out of place ; to place in another situation. Gregory. To put out of any state, or condition. Bacon. To disorder. Shakspeare. DISPLACENCY, dls-pla'-sen-se. n. s. [displicm tia, Lat.] Incivility ; disobligation. Disgust ; any thing unpleasing. Brown. To DISPLANT §, dls-plant'. v. a. [dis and plant.] To remove a plant. Beaum. and Fl. To drive a people from their residence. Spertser. DISPLANT ATION, dls-plan-ta'-shun. n.s. [dis and plantatio.] The removal of a plant. The ejec tion of a people. Raleigh. DISPLANTING* dfs-plant'-ing. n.s. Removal; ejection. Hakewill. To DISPL AT*, dls-plat'. v. a. [dis and plat.] To untwist; to uncurl. Hakewill. ro DISPLAYS. dls-pkV.r. a. [desployer, Fr.] Te spread wide. Spenser. To exhibit to the sight or mind. Shak. To carve ; to cut up. Spectator. To talk without restraint. Shak. To set ostentatiously to view. Sluxk. To open ; to unlock. B. Jonson. DISPLAY", dls-pla/. n. s. An exhibition of any thing to view. Glanville. DISPL AYER*, dls-pla'-fir. n.s. That which sets to view. Gayton. 299 DIS DIS O 9 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— To DISPLE*, dls'-pl. v. a. To discipline ; to chas- tise. Spenser. Ob. T. DISPLEASANCE, dls-ple'-zanse. n.s. [deplxisance, old Fr.] Anger ; discontent. Spenser. Oh. J. DISPLEASANT, d?s-plez'-ant. a. Unpleasing 3 of- fensive. Sir T. Ehjot. DISPLEASANTLY*, d?s-plez'-ant-le. ad. In an unpleasing manner. Sir T. Elyot. To DISPLEA'SE§,d?s-pleze'. v. a. [dis and please.] To offend ; to make angry. 1 Chron. To make sad. Milton. To DISPLEASE, dls-pleze'. v.n. To disgust; to raise aversion. Bacon. D1SPLEASEDNESS*, dfs-ple'-zeM-nes. n.s. Pain received ; uneasiness. W. Mountagu. D1SPLEASLNGNESS, dls-ple'-zing-nes. n. s. Of- fensiv6H(?$s JLtOckc DISPLEASURE, d?s-plezh'-ure. n.s, Uneasiness; pain received. Locke. Offence ; pain given. Judges. Anger; indignation. Hooker. State of disgrace; state of being discountenanced; disfavour. Peach- am. To DISPLEASURE, dls-plezh'-ure. v. a. To dis- please. Bacon. Ob. J. DISPLICENCE* dfs ; -ple-sense. n. s. [displicentia, LatJ Discontent ; dislike. W. Mountague. To DISPLO'DE §, d?s-pl6de'. v, a. [displodo, Lat.] To disperse with a loud noise ; to vent with vio- lence. Milton. DISPLOSION, dls-plo'-zhun. n. s. The act of dis- ploding. Young. DISPLUMED*, d?s-plumd'. a. [dis and plumed.] Stripped of feathers. Burke. To DISPO'NGE*. See ToDispunge. DISPORT §, §, dls-spred 7 . v. a. [dis and spread.] To spread different ways. — In this word, and a few others, dis means different ways ; in different di rections. Spensei: To DISPREA'D*, dis-spred'. v.n. To extend or ex pand itself. Thomson.. DISPREA'DER, dls-sprgd'-ur. n. s. A publisher; a divulger. Millon. To DISPRFZE* dfs-prize'. v. a. To undervalue to set in lower estimation. Cotton. To DISPROFESS*, d!s-pr6-feV. v. a. To abandon the profession of. Spenser. DISPROFIT, dfs-prof-fh. n.s. [dis and projit.] Loss; damage; detriment. Fox. DISPROOF, dis-pr55f. n.s. [dis and proof.] Con futation. Atterbury. To DISPROTERTY, dis-prop'-er-te. v. a. [dis and property.] To dispossess of any property. Shak. DISPROPORTION j, dfs-prd^r'-shun. n. s. [dis and proportion.] Unsuilableness in form or quan- tity of one thing, or one part of the same thing, to another; want of symmetry ; disparit}-. Shak. To DISPROPORTION, dls-pr^-pir'-shun. v. o To mismatch; to join unfitly. Shakspeare. DISPROP^RTIONABLE,dfs-pr6-p6r'-sh6n-a-b!. a. Unsuitable in form or quantity. Suckling. DISPROPORTION BLENESS, d?s-pr6-por'- shun-a-bl-ngs. n.s. Unsuilableness to something el c e DISPROPORTIONABLY, dis-pr6-p6r / -shSn-a ble. ad. Unsuitably; not symmetrically. Tilhtson DISPROPORTION AL, dls-pri-pAr'-shfin-al. a. Disproportionate. Locke. DISPROPORTIONA / LITY*,d?s-pr6-p6r-sln'in-aF e-te. n.s. Unsuitableness in bulk or form. More. DISPROPORTIONALLY^ls-pro-por'-shun-al-le. ad. Unsuitably with respect to quantity or value. DISPROPORTIONATE, dU-prb-p6r'-shun-ble 91. a. Unsymmetrical ; unsuitable ; either in bulk, form, or value. Ray. DISPROPORTIONATELY, dls-pro-por'-shfin- ate-le. ad. Unsuitably; nnsj'mmetrically. Brmrn. DISPROPORTIONATENESS^fs-pro-por'-shi'.n- ate-nes. n. s. Unsuitableness in bulk, form, or value. More. To DISPRO'VE§, d?s-pro6ve'. v.a. [dis and prove.] To confute an assertion. Hooker. To convict a practice of crrour. Hooker. To disapprove ; to disallow. Hooker. DISPRO'VER, dls-proS'-vflr. 98. n. s. One that dis- proves or confutes. One that blames ; a censurer. Wotton. To DISPU'NGE* dls-pvmje'. v. a. [dispungo, Lat.] To expunge ; to rase out. Sir H. Wotton. To dis- charge, as a saturated sponge, when squeezed. [dis and sponge.] Shakspeare. DISPUNISHABLE, dis-pun'-ish-a-bl. a. [dis and vunishuble.l Without penal restraint. Si 300 -f/i DIS DIS — n6, m8ve, nor, n6t ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;- — pSfind ; — th'm, this. To DISPU'RSE, dis-purse'. v. a. [dis and purse.] To pay; to disburse. Shakspeare. To DISPURVE'Y §*, dls-pur-va'. v. a. [dispourvoir, old Fr.l To deprive ; to unprovide. Barret. DISPURVETANCE* dis-pur-va'-anse. n. s. [dis and purveyance.'] Want of provisions. Spenser. DISPUTABLE, dls'-pu-ta-bl, or d?s-pu'-ta-bl. a. Liable to contest ; controvertible. South. Lawful to be contested. Swift. Fond of disputation. Sfiak. $5=" Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, W Johnston, Mr. Smith, Perry, and Bailey, are for the second pro- nunciation of this word ; and Mr. .Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Buchanan, and Entick, for the first; and this, not- withstanding the majority of suffrages against it, is, in mv opinion, decidedly most agreeable to the best usage. It'were undoubtedly" to be wished that words of this form preserved the accent of the verb to which they j correspond ; but this correspondence we find entirely ' set aside in lamentable, comparable, admirable, and many others, with which disputable must certainly- class. Mr. Scott gives both modes of accenting this word ; but, by his placing the word with the accent on the first syllable first, we may presume he prefers this pronunciation. — See Indisputable. W. DISPUTACITY*. dfs-pu-tas'-e-te. n.s. Proneness to dispute. Bp. Ward. DPS PUT ANT, dis'-pu-tant. 503. n. s. A controver- ts ; an arguer: areasoner. Sandys. DPSPUTANT, dV-pu-tant. a. Disputing; engaged in controversy. Milton. Ob. J. DISPUTATION, dls-pu-ta'-shun. n. s. The skill of controversy ; argumentation. Locke. Contro- versy ; argumental contest. Sidney. DISPUTATIOUS, d?s-pu-ta/-shus. a. Inclined to dispute ; cavilling. Addison. •ISPUTATIVE, dls-ptV-ta-ifv. DISPU'TATIVE,~dIs-p&'-t&-tiv. 512. a. Disposed to debate ; argumentative. Bp. Taylor. To DISPUTE $, dls-pute'. v. n. [dismdo, Lat.] To contend by argument ; to debate. Decay of Piety. I T :> DISPUTE, dfs-pute'. v. a. To contend for, whether by words or action. Hooker. To question ; to reason about. Drydtn. To discuss; to think on. Shakspeare. DISPUTE, dls-pute 7 . n. s. Contest ; controversy. DISPUTELESS, dls-pute'-hk a. Undisputed ; un- controvertible. Diet. DISPUTER, dfs-pu'-tur. n. s. A controvertist ; one given to argument and opposition. Stilling fleet. DISPUTING*, dis-pvV-tnig. n. s. Disputation ; al- tercation. Phil. ii. 14. DISQUALIFICATION, dls-kwol-e-fe-ka'-shftn. n. s. That which disqualifies; that which makes unfit. Spectator. To DISQUALIFY $, d?s-kw&F-e-fi. v. a. [dis and qualify.] To make unfit; to disable by some natu- ral or legal impediment. Ay/i/fe. To deprive of a right or claim by some positive restriction ; to disable ; to except from any grant. Swift. To DISQUANTITY, d?s-kwon'-te-te. v. a. [dis and quantity.] To lessen; to diminish. Shak. Oh.. J. DISQUI'ET '§, dis-kwl'-et. n. s. [dis and quiet.] Un- easiness; restlessness; want of tranquillity ; vexa- tion; anxiety. Tillclson. DISQUI'ET/d?s-kwl'-el. a. Unquiet ; uneasy ; rest- less. Shakspeare. To DISQUI'ET, d?s-kwl'-£t. v. a. To disturb ; to make uneasy; to harass. Spenser. DISQUI'ETER, dfs-kwl'4t-flr. n. s. A disturber; a harasser. Hammond. DISQUFETFUL*, d?s-kwl'-et-ful. a. Producing uneasiness or vexation. Barroio. DISQUI'ETING* dfs-kwi'-et-lng. n.s. Vexation; disturbance. Wisdom. DISQUI'ETLY, dfs-kwl'-et-le. ad. Without rest; anxiously ; uneasily. Shakspeare. DISQUFETNESS, d?s-kwl'-et-nes. n. s. Uneasi- ness; restlessness. Spenser. DISQUPETOUS*, dls-kwl'-et-us. a. Causing dis- quiet. Milton. DlSQUFETUDE,dis-kwr , -e-tude. n.s. Uneasiness; anxiety; disturbance. Addison. DISQUISITION, dls-kwe-zlsh'-un. n.s. [disquisi- iio, Lat.] Examination; disputat : .ve inqairy Brown. To DISRA'NK, dlz-rank'. v. a. [dis and rank.] To degrade from his rank. Diet. To put out of the rank; to throw into confusion. Decker. DISREGARDS, dis-re-gard'. n.s. [dis and re- gard.] Slight notice ; neglect ; contempt. Mason To DISREGARD, dfs-re-gard'. p. a. To slight; to neglect; to contemn. Sprat. DISREGA'RDER*, dts-re-gard'-ur. n.s. One who slights or contemns a thing. Boyle. DISREGA'RDFUL, dfs-re-gard'-ial. a. Negligent contemptuous. DISREGA'RDFULLY, dJs-re-gard'-fuI-le. ad. Negligently ; contemptuously. DISRE'LISH,d?z-reT-Ish. 435. n.s. [dis and relish.-] Bad taste ; nauseousness. Milton. Dislike of the palate ; squeamishness. Bp. Hall. To DISRELISH, dk-rel'-ish. v. a. To make nau- seous ; to infect with an unpleasant taste. Milton. To want a taste of; to dislike. Milton. DISREPUTABLE*, dlz-rep'-u-ta-bl. a. Not cred- itable. Bp. Watson. DISREPUTATION, d?s-rep-u-ta'-shun. n. s. Dis- Lc nominy. Hayward. grace ; dishonour. Bacon. Loss of reputation ; ij DISREPUTE $, dfs-re-pute'. n. s. [dis and repute.] Ill character ; dishonour; want of reputation. South. To DISREPUTE*, dis-re-pute'. v. a. To bring into disgrace ; to disregard. Mountagu. DISRESPECT §, dls-re-spgkt'. n.s. [dis and re- spect.] Incivility; want of reverence; an act ap- proaching to rudeness. Clarendon. To DISRESPE'CT*, d?s-re-spekt'. v. j. To show disrespect To. Sir H. Woiton. DISRESPECTFUL, dls-re-spekl'-f&l. a. Irreve- rent; uncivil. DISRESPECTFULLY, dls-re-spekt'-ful-le. ad. Ir- reverentlv ; uncivilly. Addison. To DISROBE f, d?z-robe'. 435. v. a. [dis and robe.] To undress ; to uncover ; to strip. Spenser. DISROBER*, diz-r6'-bur. n. s. One who strips off a garment. Gaijton. DISRUPTION, dlz-rup'-shun. 435. n.s. [disrupt™. Lat.] The act of breaking asunder. Bp. Hall Breach ; rent ; dilaceration. Woodward. DISSATISFACTION, dls-sat-'is-fak'-shun.T^.j/fe and satisfaction.] The state of being dissatisfied ; discontent. Addison. DISSATISFACTORINESS, d?s-sat-fs-fak'-tur-e- n§s. n. s. lnabilitv to give content. DISSATISFACTORY $, dls-sat-Ls-fak'-tur-e. a Unable to give content. To DISSATISFY, dls-sat'-fs-fl. v. a. [dis and satis- fy.] To discontent ' y to displease. Collier. To fail to please. Locke. To DISSEAT*, d?s-sete'. r. a. [dis and seat.] To put out of a seat. Shakspeare. To DISSECT §, dls-s&rt'. 424. v. a. [disseco, Lat.] To cut in pieces. It is used chiefly of anatomical inquiries. Roscommon. To divide and examine minutelv. Atterbury. DISSECTION, dfe-sek'-shfin. n.s. The act of sepa- rating the parts of animal bodies; anatomy. Addi- son. Nice examination. Granville. DISSECTOR*, dis-sek'-iur. n. s. One who dissects; an anatomist. Greenhill. DISSETSIN, dfs-se'-zln. n. s. An unlawful dispos- sessing a man of his land, tenement, or other im- movable or incorporeal right. Selden. To DISSEIZES, dis-seze'. v. a. [dissaiser, Fr.] To dispossess ; to deprive. Spenser. DISSEIZOR, dfs-se'-zSr. 166. n.s. He that dispos- sesses another. Selden. DISSEMBLANCE* d?s-sem'-blanse. n.s. Wantol resemblance; dissimilitude. Osbm-ne. To DISSE'MBLE §, dfs-sem'-bl. t % [dissimuh, Lat.] To hide under false appearance ; to pretend, that not to be which really is. Hayward. To pre- tend that to be which is not. Shakspeare. To DISSEMBLE, dls-sem'-bl. v.n. To play ths hypocrite ; to use false professions; to wheedle. Jer 301 DIS D1S Q~"F 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pm;— DISSE MBLER, dls-seW-blar. n. s. A hypocrite ; a mail who conceals his true disposition. Sliak. One who pretends that not to be which really is. Beau- mont and Fletcher. One who feigns what he does not feel or think. Milton. DISSE'MBLING*, dis-sem'-bling. n. s. Dissimula- tion; fallacious aDpearance. Bp. Taylor. DISSE'MBLINGLY, dis-sem'-bling-le. ad. With dissimulation; hypocritically. Bp. Taylor. To D1SSE'M1NATE$, dls-sem'-e-nale. v. a. [dis- senuno, Lat.] To scatter as seed; to sow; to spread every way. Hammond. DISSEMINATION, dfs-sem-e-na-shun. n.s. Scat- tering' like seed; sowing- or spreading - . Brown. DISSEMINATOR, dls-sem'-e-na-tur. 521. n.s. He that scatters; a sower; a spreader. Decay of Piety. DISSE'NSlON^dis-sen'-shfin. ?i.s. [dissensio, Lat.] Disagreement; strife; contention; quarrel. Shak. DISSE'NSIOUS, dis-sen'-shus. a. Disposed to dis- cord; quarrelsome. Ascham. To D1SSE'NT$, dls-s&it'. v. n. [dissmiio, Lat.] To disagree in opinion. Addison. To differ; to be of a contrary nature. Hooker. To differ from the es- tabl ished'church . Hudibras. DISSE'NT, drs-sent'. n. s. Disagreement ; declara- tion of difference of opinion. Locke. Contrariety of nature; opposite quality. Bacon. DISSENTANEOUS, dls-sen-la'-ne-us. a. Disagree- able ; contrary. Ricaid. OI'SSENTAN Y*, dis'-sen-ta-ne. a. Dissentaneous ; inconsistent. Milton. DISSENTER, dis-sen'-tur. 98. n. s. One that disa- grees from an opinion. W. Mountagu. One who, for whatever reasons, refuses the communion of the I Engiish church. Welwood. DISSE'NTlENTf, dls-sen'-shent. a. Declaring dis- sent. DISSE'NTING*, d?s-sent'-?ng. n.s. Declaration of 'iifference of opinion. K. Charles. DISSE'NTIOUS*. See Dissensious. To DISSE'RT §*, dls-sert'. v. n. [disserto, Lat.] To discourse ; to dispute. Harris. DISSERTATION, dfs-ser-ta^-shun. n.s. A dis- course ; a disquisition : a treatise. Broome. Dl'SSERTATOR* d?s'-ser-ta-t5r. n.s. One who discourses or debates. Boyle. 7 T ^DISSE'RVE§, dls-serv'. 424. v. a. [deservir, old Fr.] To do injury to; to mischief; to hurt. Claren- don. DISSE'RVICE, dis-ser'-vk n. s. Injury ; mischief. Brown. DISSE'RVICE ABLE, dis-ser'-v?s-a-bl. a. Injurious ; mischievous; hurtful. DISSE'RVICEABLENESS, dls-seV-vls-a-bl-ne^. n. s. Injury ; harm ; hurt. Non~is. To DISSE'TTLE, dis-seY-tl. 405. v. a. To unsettle; to unfix. More. To DISSE'VERS, dls-sev'-ur. v. a. [desseverer, old Fr] To part in two; to break; to divide; to sun- der. Sidney. DISSE-TER'ANCE*, dls-sev'-er-anse. n.s. Separa- tion. Hocclere. Ob. T. DISSE' VERING*, dis-sev'-er-nig. n.s. Separation. Raleigh. DI'SSIDENCE §, d?s'-se-d^nse. n. s. [dissideo, Lat.] Dis«rd; disagreement. Diet. DFSSIDEN f*, dls'-se-de'nt. a. Varying; not agree- ing. Robinson. DFSSI DENTS*, dis'-se-d&itz. n.s. A name applied to those of the Lutheran, Calvini stick, and Greek profession in Poland. Guthrie. DISSlLlENCE§,cwVsil'-y£nse. 113. n.s. [dissilio, Lai J The act of starting^asunder. DISSfLIENT, dls-su'-vent. a. Starting asunder. DISSILI'TION, dis-sil-isV-un. n. s. Bursting in two; starting different ways. Boyle. DISSIMILAR^, dfs-sinV-e-lur. 88. a. \dis and simi- lar.] Unlike ; heterogeneous. Beyle. DISSIMILARITY, dis-sim-e-lar'-e-te. n. s. Unlike- ness; dissimilitude. Cheyne. D1SSPMILE*, dls-sfm'-e-le. n.s. A dissimilitude ; a comparison with, and illustration by, contraries. DISSIMILITUDE, dis-sim-nnT-e-tude. n s. Ud- likeness: want of resemblance. Hooker. Compar- ison by contraries. Instructions of Oratory. DISSIMULATION §, dis-s'im-u-la'-shuii. n. s. [dis- simulaiio, Lat.] The act of dissembling; hypocrisy. Baton. To D1SSFMULE*, d]s-s?m'-mule. v. a. To dissem- ble. Sir T. Elyot. Oh. T. DFSS1PABLE, dis'-se-pa-bl. a. Easily scattered ; liable to dispersion. Bacon. To DISSIPATES, dis'-se-pate. 91. v. a. [dissipatus, Lat.] To scatter every way; to disperse. Bp. Tay- lor. To scatter the attention. Savage. To spend a fortune. London. DISSIPATION, dis-se-pa'-shim. n. s. The act of dispersion. Bacan. The state of being dispersed Scattered attention. Sivift. DISSOCIABLE*, dis-s6'-she-a-bl. a. Not to bo brought to good fellowship. Burton.. To DISSOCIATE §, dis-so'-she-ate. v. a. [dissocic t Lat.] To separate ; to disunite. Boyle. DISSOCIATION*, dls^-she-aZ-shvui. n. s. Separa- tion; division. Hoicell. DISSOLUBLE, dfs'rsb-hVbl. a. Capable of repara- tion by heat or moisture. Sir T. Biuum. $5= The accent is invariably placed on the first syllable of this word, as it conies from the Latin dissolubilij, which seems to confirm the observations, on the word incomparable. Dissolvable is a compound of our own, and therefore retains the accent of the verb from which it is formed, 501. — See Academy, Disputable, and Resoluble. W. DISSOLUBILITY 7 , dls-sol-lu-bil'-e-te. n. s. Liable- ness to suffer a disunion of pains. Hale. Dl'SSOLUTE§, dls'-s6-lute. a. [dissolulus, Lat.] Loose; wanton; unrestrained; dissolved in pleas- ures; luxurious; debauched. Spenser. DFSSOLUTELY, dls'-so-lute-le. ad. Loosely; in debauchery; without restraint. Wisdom. DFSSOLUTENESS, dls / -s6-]ule-nef. n. s. Loose- ness ; laxity of manners ; debauchery. Locke. DISSOLUTION, dis-s6-hV-shun. n. s. The act of liquefying by heat or moisture. The state of being liquefied. The stale of melting away ; liquefaction. Shak. Destruction of any thing by separation of parts. South. The substance formed by dissolving any body. Bacon. Death. Raleigh. Destruction. Hooker." Breach or ruin of any thing compacted or united. South. The act of breaking up an as- sembly. B. Jonson. Looseness of manners ; laxity ; dissipation. Harmar. DISSOLVABLE, dlz-zol'-va-bl. a. Capable of dis- solution ; liable to be melted. More. To DISSOLVE §, diz-zolv'. 424. v. a. [dissolvo, Lat.] To destroy the form of any thing by disuniting the parts with heat or moisture : to melt ; to liquefy. Woodward. To break; to disunite in any manner. 2 Pet. To loose ; to break the ties. Fairfax. To separate persons united. Sliak. To break up as- semblies. Bacon. To solve ; to clear. Daniel. To break an enchantment. Milton. To be relaxed by pleasure. Drvden. To DISSOLVE, dlz-zolV. v. n. To be melted ; to be liquefied. Bacon. To sink away; to fail to nothing. Shak. To melt away in pleasures. DISSOLVENT, dlz-zol'-vent. a. Having the power of dissolving or melting. Ray. DISSOLVENT, diz-zoK-vent. n. s. That which has the power of disuniting ihe parts. Arhuthnot. D1SSOLVER. diz-zoF-vur. n.s. That which has the power of dissolving. Arhuthnot. One who solves or clears a difficulty. Daniel. DISSOLVIBLE, dlz-zol'-ve-bl. a. Liable to perish bv dissolution. Hale. SCF* If this word and its etymon must be written dissol- vible and solvible, and not dissolvable and solvable, be- cause sulvo and its compounds in Latin are of the third conjugation, and form iheir personal and temporal vari- ations by assuming %, there is no reason why resolvable should be written with a, as it stands in Johnson, who, notwithstanding he writes dissolviblc here with an i. yet, in his explanation of the etymology of indissidca- ble, tells us it is formed from in, and dissolvable with an a. W. 302 DIS DIS — 116, mSve ; nSr, not ; —tube t&b, bfiH j— 6!1 3- — pflund ; — iJi'm, this. DFSSONANCE§, d)V-s6-nanse. n. s. [dissonans, Lat.] A mixture of harsh, unpleasing, unharmoni- ous sounds. Milton. Dl'SSONANCY* dls'-s6-nan-se. n. s. Discord 5 dis- agreement. Bullokar. DI'SSONANT, dis'-s6-nant. a. Harsh; unharmoni- ous. Beaumont and Flctdver. Incongruous ; disa- greeing. Robinson. To DISSUA'DE §, dis-swade'. 331. v. a. [dissuadeo, Lat.] Todehort; to divert by reason or importu- nity. Slunk. To represent any thing as unfit or dangerous. Milton. DISSUA'DER, dls-swa'-dfir. 98. n. s. He that dis- suades. Hidoet. DISSfJA'SION, ctis-swa'-zhun. 451. n.s. Urgency of reason or importunity against any thing; dehor- tation. Sandys. DISSUASIVE, dls-swa'-sfv. 428. a. Dehortatory; tending to divert or deter from any purpose. Con- frere. DISSUA'SIVE, dls-swaZ-srv. n. s. Dehortation ; ar- gument employed to turn from any purpose. Gov- ernment of the Tongue. To DISS UNDER, dls-sun'-dur. v. a. \_dis and sun- der.'] To sunder ; to separate. Chapman. To DISSWEE'TEN*, dts-swee'-ln. v. a. [dis and sweeten.] To deprive of sweetness. Bp. Richard- son. DISSYLLA'BICK* dfc-sil-lab'-ik. a. Consisting of two syllables. DISSYLLABLES, dV-sll-la-bl. n. s. [SiarfMaPos.] A word of two syllables. Dryden. DISTAFF, dfs'-taf. n. s. plur. distaves. [biytse-p, Sax.] The staff from which the flax is drawn in spinning'. Sidney. It is used as an emblem of the female sex. Howell. DISTAFF-THISTLE, dls'-taf-tfJs'-sl. n.s. A species of thistle. To DISTATN §, dis-tane'. v. a. [destamdre, old Fr.] To stain ; to stain with an adventitious colour. Dryden. To blot ; to sully with infamy. Spenser. DISTANCE §, dis'-tanse. n.s. [distantia, Lat.] Space, considered barely in length, between any two be- ings. Locke. Remoteness in place. Addison. The space kept between two antagonists in fencing. Shak. Contrariety ; opposition. Siiak. A space marked on the course where horses run. JJ Estrange. Space of time. 2 Esdras. Remoteness in time either past or future. Tillotson. Ideal disjunction; mental separation. Locke. Respect ; distant beha- viour. Dryden,. Retraction of kindness ; reserve ; alienation. Milton. To Dl'STANCE, dis'-tanse. v. a. To place remotely ; to throw off from the view. Dryden. To leave be- hind at a race. Gay. DFSTANT, dts'-tant. a. Remote in place. Milton. Remote in time. Remote to a certain degree. Reserved ; shy. Remote in nature ; not allied. Government of the Tongue. Not obvious ; not plain. Addison. DISTA'STE §, dls-taste'. n. s. [dis and taste.] Aver- sion of the palate; disrelish. Bacon. Dislike; un- easiness. Bacon. Anger ; alienation of affection. Bacon. To DISTA'STE, dis-taste'. v. a. To fill the mouth with nauseousness, or disrelish. Siuik. To dislike ; to loath. Shak. To offend ; to disgust. Davies. To vex ; to exasperate ; to sour. Bacon. To corrupt ; to make distasteful. Slw.kspeo.re. DISTASTEFUL, dls-taste'-ful. a. Nauseous to the palate ; disgusting". Glanville. Offensive ; unpleas- ing. Davies. Malignant; malevolent. Sliakspeare. DISTA'STEFULNESS*, dls-taste'-ful -nes. n. s. Dislike. E. of Bristol to K. James I. Disagreea- bleness. Whitlock. DISTA'STIVE*, dfs-tW-tly. n. s. That which oc- casions aversion. Whitlock. DISTE'MPER§, dls-tcW-pur. n.s. [dis and temper] A disproportionate mixture of parts. A disease ; a malady. South. Want of due temperature. Ra- leigJi. Bad constitution of the mind. SJiak. Want of due balance between contraries. Bacon. Ill hu- mour of mind. K. Charles. Tumultuous disorder Waller. Disorder ; uneasiness. Slwk. [In paint ing.] A term used, when colours are worked up with something besides mere water or oil. To DISTE'MPER, dis-lem'-pur. v. a. To disease. SJiak. To disorder. Shak. To disturb ; to ruffle. Dryden. To deprive of temper or moderation. Dryden. To make disaffected, or malignant. SJiak. DIS'f E'MPERANCE* dls-tem'-pfir-anse. n. s. Dis- temperature. Mirror for Magistrates. Ob. T. DISTE'MPERATE, cfis-tenV-p&r-ale. 91. a. Im- moderate.- Raleigh. Diseased ; disordered. Wlwk Duty of Man. DISTE'MPERATURE, dis-u!m'-pur-a-tshure. n. s Intemperateness; excess of heat or cold, or other qualities. SJwk. Violent tumultuousness. Pertur bation of the mind. Slwk. Confusion ; commixture of contrarieties. Shaft:. Indisposition ; slight illness. Brewer. To DISTEND §,dis-iend'. «•«■ [distendo, Lat.] To stretch out in breadth. Wotton. DISTENSION* dis-uV-shim. n. s. The act of stretching. Bv. Hall. The state of things stretch- ed. BihliolJi. Bibl. DISTENT, dls-tent'. part. pass. Spread; extended; swollen. Spenser. DISTENT?-, dis-tent'. n. s. Breadth. Wotton. DISTENTION, dls-ten'-sh&n. n. s. The act of stretching. ArbutJvnot. Breadth ; separating one part from another; divarication. Wotton. DISTE'RMINATE §*, dis-teV-me-nate. a. [dister- minatus, Lat.] Divided ; separated by bounds. Bp. DISTERMINA'TION*, ds-ter-ine-na'-shfin. n. s. Division ; separation. Hammond. To DISTE'R*, dis-uV. v. a. [dis and terra, Lat.] To banish from a country. Howell. To DI3THRONTZE, dis-*/ir6'-nlze. v. a. [destJiro- ner, old Fr.] To dethrone. Spenser. DFST1CH, diV-tik. 353. n. s. [distkJwn, Lat.] A couplet ; a couple of lines. Camden. To DISTJ'L$, dls-tlF. v.n. [distillo, Lat.] To drop; to fall by drops. Dent. To flow gently and silent ly. Raleigh. To use a still ; to practise the act ot distillation. Shakspeare. To DISTIL, dls-lll'. v. a. To let fall in drops. Job To force by fire through the vessels of distillation. To draw by distillation. Boyle. To dissolve or melt. Addison. DISTILL ABLE*, dls-ta'-la-bl. a. Fit to be distilled. Slierwood. DISTILLATION, dis-lil-la'-shun. n. s. Dropping, or falling in drops. Pouring out in drops. That which falls in drops. The act of distilling by fire. Newton, The substance drawn by the still; Shak. DISTFLLATORY, dis-tflMa-tur-e. 512. a. Belong- ing to distillation. Boyle. DISTFLLER, dis-vil'-iur. n. s. One who practises the art of distilling. Boyle. One who makes and sells pernicious and inflammatory spirits. DISTILLERY*, dis-tiT'-le-re. n.s. The art of distil- ling spirits. The place where the distiller exposes his spirits for sale. DISTFLMENT, dls-tfl'-meht. n.s. That which is drawn by distillation. Sliakspeare. DISTINCT^, dls-tingkt'. 408. a. [distinctus, Lat.] Different ; not the same in number or kind. Siil- ling fleet. Different ; separate. Clarendon. Clear ; unconfused. Milton. Spotted; variegated. Milton. Marked out ; specified. Milton. To DISTINCT*, dls-tingkt'. v. a. To distinguish CJiaucer. Ob. T. DISTINCTION, dis-t?ngk'-shun. n. s. The act of discerning one as preicrable to the other. Slialc. Note of difference. Abp. Newcome. Honourable note of superiority. SJiensione. That by which one differs from another. Locke. Difference re- garded ; preference or neglect in comparison. Dry- den. Separation of complex notions. SJwk. Di- vision into different parts. Dryden. Discrimina- tion. Hooker. Discernment; judgement Beau- mont and FletcJier. 303 DIS DIS D7 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& 5— pine, p?n ;- DISTINCTIVE, dfs-tlngk'-uV.a. That which marks distinction or difference. Pope. Having the power to distinguish and discern. Brown. DISTINCTIVELY, dis-t?ngk'-t?v-le. ad. Particular- ly; not confusedly. Mirror for Magistrates. DISTINCTLY, dls-tlngkf-le. ad. Not confusedly. Bacon. Plainly ; clearly. Dryden. DISTINCTNESS, d?s-trngkt'-nes. n. s. Nice obser- vation of the difference between different things. Ray. Such separation of things as makes them easy to be separately observed. Dr. Warton. To DISTINGUISH $, dis-t'ing'-gwlsh. 34-0. y.a. [d'istinguo, Lat.] To note by the diversity of things. Hooker. To separate by some mark of honour or preference. Dryden. To divide by proper notes of diversity. Burnet. To know one from another by any note of difference. Shak. To discern criti- cally ; to judge. Shak. To constitute difference ; to specificate. Locke. To make known or emi- nent. To DISTINGUISH, dfs-tfng'-gwlsh. v.n. To make distinction. Child. DISTINGUISHABLE, dls-tlng'-gwlsh-a-bl. a. Ca- pable of being distinguished. Milton. Worthy of note ; worthy~of regard. Swift. DISTINGUISHED, dls-lmg'-gwlsht. 359. part. a. Eminent; transcendent; extraordinary. Rogers. DISTFNGUISHER, dls-ttiig'-gw'fsh-ar. n.s. A ju- dicious observer ; one that "accurately discerns one i thing from another. .Dryden. He that srparates one thing from another by marks of diversity. Brown. DISTFNGUISHINGLY, dis-ting-gwlsh-mg-ie. ad. With distinction. Hammond. DISTFNGUISHMENT, dls-tlng'-gwfsh-mSnt. n.s. Distinction; observation of difference. Sliakspeare. To DISTFTLE*, dls-tl'-tl. v. a. [dis and title.] To deprive of right. B.Jonson. To DlSTO'RT§, dls-tort'. v. a. [distortus, Lat.] To writhe; to twist ; to deform by irregular motions. Swift. To put out of the true direction or posture. Milton. To wrest from the true meaning. Pea- cham. PISTO'RT*, dfe-lflrt'. a. Distorted. Spenser. DISTORTION. dis-t6r'-shfin. n. s. Irregular motion by which the face is writhed, or the parts disorder- ed. Piior. A wresting from the true meaning. Bp. Wren. ToDISTRA'CTS, dfs-trakt'. v. a. part. pass, dis- tracted ; anciently, distraught, [distractus , Lat.] To ■pull different ways at once. Brown. _ To separate ; to divide. Shak. To turn from a single direction towards various points. South. To till the mind with contrary considerations ; to perplex ; to con- found. Spenser. To make mad. Sliakspeare. DTSTRA'CT*, dfs-trakt'. part. a. Mad. Drayton. DISTRACTEDLY, dls-trak'-ted-le. ad. Madly; frantickly. Sliakspeare. DISTRA'CTEDNESS, dls-trak'-tSd-nSs. n. s. Mad- ness. Bp. Hall. DISTRA'CTER*, dfs-trak'-t&r. n.s. That which draws aside, or perplexes. More. DISTRACTION, dfs-trak'-shun. n.s. Tendency to different parts; separation. Shale. Confusion; state in which the attention is called different ways. 1 Corinthians. Perturbation of mind. Brown. Madness. Sliak. Disturbance; discord; difference of sentiments. Clarendon. DISTRA'CTIVE, dis-trak'-tiv. a. Causing perplexi- ty. Bv. Hall. To DISTRAINS, dls-trane'. v. a. [destraindre, Fr.] To seize ; to lay hold on as an indemnification for a debt. Sliakspeare. To rend ; to tear. Spenser. To DISTRA'IN, dls-trane'. v. n. To make seizure. Camden. DISTRAINER, dfs-tra'-nur. 98. n.s. He that seizes. DISTRA'INT, dls-trant'. n. s. Seizure. Diet. DISTRAUGHT, dis-trawt'. part. a. Distracted. Camden. See To Distract. To DISTREA'M*, dfs-treem'. v. n. To flow. Shen- stone. DISTRESS §, dls-tres'. n. s. [destresse, Fr.] The act of making a legal seizure. Spenser. A compul- sion, by which a man is assured to appear in court, or to pay a debt. Cowel. The thing seized by law. Calamity; misery; misfortune. Luke. To DISTRESS, ciis-tres'. v. a. To prosecule bylaw to a seizure. To harass : to make miserable. D'Vd. DISTRESSEDNESS*,dis-tres'-sed-nes. n.s. The state of being distressed. Scott. DISTRESSFUL, dls-tres'-ful. a. Miserable ; full of trouble. Shak. Attended with poverty. Shale. DISTRESSFULLY*, dis-lres'-f ul-le. ad. In a mis- erable manner. Johnson. DISTRESSING*, dls-treV-smg. a. Harassing; af- flicting. Ash. To DISTRIBUTE $, dls-truV-ute. v. a. [distribuo, Lat.] To divide amongst more than two ; to deal out. Spenser. DISTRIBUTER, dls-frft'-u-tur. n.s. One who deals out anv thing. More. DISTRIBUTION, dis-tre-bu'-shun. n.s. The act of dealing out to others ; dispensation. Bacon. Act of giving in charity. Atterbury. DISTRIBUTIVE, dls-trm'-u-tfv. a. That which is employed in assigning to others their portions; that which" allots to each his claim. Sir T. Elyot. That which assigns the various species of a gen- eral term. Mede. DISTRFBUT1VELY, dJs-trnV-u-tlv-le. ad. By dis- tribution. Singly ; particularly. Hooker. DISTPd'BUTIVENESS*, dls-trlb'-u-iiv-nes. n. s. Desire of distributing. Fell. DISTRICT, diV-trikt. n. s. [districlus, Lat.] The circuit or territory within which a man may be compelled to appearance. Cowel. Circuit of au- thority : province. Addison. Region; country; territory. Blackmore. D1STRFCTION, dls-trlk'-shun. n. s. Sudden dis- play. Collier. To DISTRUSTS, chVtrust'. v. a. [dis and trust.] To regard with diffidence ; not to trust. Wisdom. DISTRUST, d'is-trust'. n. s. Discredit ; loss of credit. Milton. Suspicion ; want of faith ; want of confi- dence in another. Dryden. DISTRUSTFUL, dls-trust'-ful. a. Apt to distrust ; suspicious. Beaumont and Fletcher. Not confident ; diffident. Raleigh. Diffident of himself ; modest ; timorous. Pope. DISTRUSTFULLY, dls-tr&st'-ful-le. ad. In a dis- trustful manner. Herbert. DISTRUSTFULNESS, dis-trust'-ful-nes. n. s. Want of confidence. Knight. DISTRUSTING*, cils-trust' / -ing. n.s. Want of con fidence. Bp. Taylor. DISTRUSTLESS* dfs-tr&stMes. a. Without sus- picion or distrust. Shenstone. To DISTU'NE* dls-tune'. v. a. [dis and tune.] To disorder ; to untune. Sir H Wotton. To DISTU'RBS, dis-turb'. v. a. [disturbo, low Lat.] To perplex; to disquiet; to deprive of tranquillity Collier. To confound. To interrupt; to hinder. To turn off from any direction. Millmi. DISTURB, dis-turb'. n. s. Confusion ; tumultuary emotion. Milton. DISTURBANCE, dfs-tur'-banse. n.s. Perplexity; interruption of a settled slate. Locke. Confusion ; disorder of thoughts. Waits. Tumult ; violation of peace. Milton. DISTU'RBER, dis-tfir'-b&r. n.s. A violator of peace; he that causes tumults and publick disor- ders. Hooker. He that injures tranquillity; he that causes perturbation of mind. Sliakspeare. To DISTU'RN, dfs-lurn'. v. a. [dis and turn.] To turn off; to turn aside. Daniel. Oh. J. DISU'NIFORM*, dls-iV-ne-form. a. [dis and rai- form.] Not uniform. Coventry. DISU'NION, dls-iV-ne-vin.TC.s. [dis antiunion.] Sep- aration; disjunction. Glanville. Breach of concord. £5= Some curious inspector may, perhaps, wonder why I have given disunion, disuse, &c. the pure s, and not the z, since I have laid it down as a general rule, under the prepositive particle dis, that the *• immediately before the accent, when a vowel begins the next syllable, is 304 DIU DIV -116, move, n6r, not 3— tube, tub, bull 5.— 611 ; — pound ;— fJim, THis. always flat ; but it must be remembered, that long u in these words is not a pure vowel, 8 ; not that I think the z, in this case, would be palpably wrong; for, though long u may be called a- semi-consonant, it is sufficiently vocal to make the *, or z, sound, in these words, perfect- ly indifferent. — See Dis. W. To DISUNITE*, dls-u-nlte'. v. a. [dis and unite.] To separate; to divide. Pope. To part friends or allies. To DISUNITE, d?s-u-nlte'. v. n. To fall asunder ; to become separate. South. DISUNITED* d?s-u-nl'-tur. n. s. The person or cause that breaks concord. Johnson. DISUNITY, dfs-u'-ne-te. n.s. A stale of actual separation. More. DISU'SAGE, dls-iV-zaje. 90. n.s. [desusage, old Fr.] The gradual cessation of use or custom. Homer. DISU'SEy, dls-use'. 437. n. s. [dis and wse.] Cessa- tion of u?e; desuetude. Addison. Cessation of custom. Arbuthnot. To DISU'SE, dfs-uze'. v. a. To cease to make use of. Drifden. To disaccustom. Donne. DEVALUATION, diz-val-u-a'-shfin. n. s. Dis- grace ; diminution of reputation. Bacon. To DISVA'LUEy, diz-val'-u. v. a. [dis and value.] To undervalue. Siiakspeare. DISVA'LUE*, dlz-val'-u. n.s. Disregard; disgrace. B. Jonson. To DISVE'LOPE, dfs-vel'-up. v. a. [developer, Fr.] To uncover. To displav. Diet. To DISVO'UCH, cfis-vdfttsh'. v. a. [dis and vouch.] To destroy the credit of; to contradict. Shakspeare. To D1SWA/RN*, dls-warn'. v. a. [dis and warn.] To direct by previous notice. L. Keeper Wittkms. DISWITTED, dis-wit'-ted. a. [dis and wit] Mad ; distracted. Drayton. Ob. J. To DISWO'NT* dis-wfint'. v. a. [dis and wont.] To deprive of accustomed usage. Bp. Hall. DISWO'RSHIP*, d?s-w&r'-ship. n. s. [dis and wor- ship.] Cause of disgrace. Barret. DiT, dlt. n. s. [dicht, Dutch.] A ditty ; a poem ; a tune. Spenser. Ob. J. To DIT $*, dlt. v. a. [byfcfcaa, Sax.] To close up. More. DITATION, de-la'-shun. n. s. [diiolus, Lat.] The act of enriching. Bp. Hall. DITCH y, d'ftsh. n. s. [bic, Sax.] A trench cut in the ground usually between fields. Arbuthnot. Any long, narrow receptacle of water. Bacon. The moat with which a fortress is surrounded. Knolles. Ditch is used, in composition, of any thing worth- less, or thrown away into ditches. Shakspeare. To DITCH, d'itsh. v. n. To make a ditch. Swift. To DITCH*, dltsh. v. a. To surround with a ditch or moat. Barret. DITCH-DELIVERED,d]ish'-de-l?v'-erd. a. Brought forth in a ditch. Siiakspeare. DITCHER, dltsh'-fir. n.s. One who digs ditches. Shakspeare. DITHYRAMBS*, dW-e-ram. n.s. [dithyrambus, Lat J A song in honour of Bacchus. Bentley. DITHYRA'MBICK, dft/t-e-ram'-blk. n. s. A song in honour of Bacchus. Roscommon. Any poem written with wildness and enthusiasm. Walsh. DITHYRA'MBICK, dfr/i-e-ram'-blk. a. Wild ; en- thusiastick. Cowley. DITION*, dlsh'-un. n.s. [ditio, Lat.] Dominion. Evelyn. DITTA'NDER, dlt-tan'-dur. n.s. The same with pepperworl. DFTTANY, dlt'-ta-ne. n. s. [dktamnus, Lat.] An herb. Miller. DITTIED, dit'-rfd. 282. a. Sung ; adapted to musick. DITTO*, d?i'-l6. ad. [detto, Ital.] A word, in the accounts of tradesmen, signifying the same. DITTY y , dit'-te. n % [dkht, Dutch.] A poem to be sung ; a song. Hooter. DIURE'TICK, di-u-reY-lk. a. [Siovtfr-.ws.] Having the pou er to provoke urine. Young. DIURE'TICK. di-u-ret'-lk. n. s. Drugs that promote urine. Arbuthnot. DIURNAL $, dUV-nal. 116. a. [diurnus, Lat.] Re- lating to the day. Broicn. Constituting the day. Prior. Daily ; quotidian. Milton. DIU'RNAL, dl-fir'-nal. n.s. A journal ; a day-book, Toiler. DIU'RNALIST* dl-fir'-nal-fst. n. s. A journalist. Bp. Hall. DIU'RNALLY, dl-ftr'-nal-le. ad. Daily ; every day Toiler. DIUTU'RNALy*, di-u-tfir'-nal. a. [diuiumus, Lat."J I Lasting ; of long continuance. Milton. I DIUTU P RNITY, dl-u-tfir'-ne-te. n. s. Length of du ! ration. Brown. DP7AN, de-van'. 124. n. s. [An Arabick or Turkish word.] The council of the Oriental princes. Any council assembled : used commonly in a sense of dislike. Milton. To DIVA'RICATEy, dl-var'-e-kate. 125. v. n. [re-tre. A kind of cherry. DO'GBOLT, dog'-bolt. n.s. A word of contempt ap- Slied to persons. Beaumont and Fletclier. 'GBRIAR, dog'-brl-ur. n.s. The briar that bears the hip. Sir T. Brown. DOGCHEAP, d&g'-tsbeep. a. Cheap as dog's meat. Dryden. DO'GDAYS, dog'-daze. n. s. The days in which the dog-star rises and sets with the sun. Burton. DO'GDRAW, dog'-draw. n.s. A manifest depre- hension of an offender against venison in the forest, when he is found drawing after a deer by the scent of a hound. Cowel. DOGE, d6je. n.s. [doge, ItalJ The title of the chief magistrate of Venice and Genoa. Addison. DO'GFISH, dog'-fish. n. s. A shark. Woodward. DO'GFLY, dog'-fll. 7i.s. A voracious, biting fly. Chapman. DO'GGED, d&g'-ged. 366. a. Sullen; sour; morose. Shakspeare. DO'GGEDLY, d&g'-g£d-le. ad. Sullenly ; gloomily ; sourly. Sherwood. With an obstinate resolution. Boswell. DO'GGEDNESS, dog'-g£d-nes. n. s. Gloom of mind ; sullenness. Beaumont and Fletcher. DOGGER, d&g'-gur. 98. n. s. A small ship with one mast. DO'GGEREL, dog'-grel a. Loosed from the meas- ures or rules of regular poetry; vile; despicable. Dry den. DOGGEREL, dog'-grel. n.s. Mean, despicable, worthless verses. Dryden. DO'GGISH, d&g'-glsh. a. Churlish; brutal. Sir T. Elyot. DO'GHEARTED, dog'-har-ted. a. Cruel; pitiless; malicious. Shakspeare. DOGHOLE, d6g'-h6le. n. s. A vile hole ; a mean habitation. Shakspeare. DOGKE'NNEL, d6g'-ken-nel. n. s. A little hut or house for dogs. JJnjden. DO'GLEECH*, dog'-leetsh. n. s. A dog-doctor. " Beaumont and Fletcher. DO'GLOUSE, d6gM8&se. n.s. An insect that har- bours on dogs. DO'GLY*, dogMe. ad. In a manner like a dsg. Hvloet. DOGMA, dog'-ma. n. s. [Lat.] [plural, dogmas or dogmata,] Established principle; doctrinal notion, j That determination which has a relation to some ' casuistical point of doctrine, or some doctrinal par* of the Christian faith. Ayliffe. DOGMATICAL, dog-mat'-e'-kal. } a. Authorita DOGMATICK, dog-mat'-lk. 509. 5 live; magis terial ; positive. Boyle. DOGMATICALLY, dog-mat'-e-kal-e. ad. Magis terially ; positively. Soitth. DOGMATICALNESS, dog-mai'-e-kal-nes. n, s. The quality of being dogmatical. Ellis. DOGHIA'TICK*, dog-matMk. n.». One of a sect of physicians, called also Dogmatists, in contradis- tinction to Empiricks and Methodists. Hakewill. DOGMATISM*, dog'-ma-uW n. s. Positiveness in opinion. Robertson. DOGMATIST, dog'-ma-tfst. n.s. A magisterial teacher ; a positive asserter. Glanville. To DOGMATIZE, dog'-ma-tlze. t\ n. To assert positively. Blackmore. DOGMATIZER, ddg'-ma-tl-zur. n. s. An asserter , a magisterial teacher. Shelton. DO'GROSE, dog'-rc-ze. n. s. The flower of the hip. Derham. DO'GSEARS*, d&gz'-eerz. n. s. An expression for the creases made on the leaves of books by tneir being folded down at particular places. Arbuihnot. DO'GSICK*, dog'-sik. a. Sick as a dog. Dyet's Dry Dinner. DO'GSKIN*, dog'-skln. a. Made of the skin of a dog. Toiler. DO'GSLEEP, d6g / -sleep. n. s. Pretended sleep. Addison. DO'GSMEAT, dogz'-mete. n. s. Refuse ; vile stuff. Dryden. DO'GSTAR, dog'-star. n. s. The star which gives the name to the dog-days. Addison. DOGSTOOTH, dogz'-Mth. n. s. A plant. Miller. DO'GTROT, d&g'-trot. n.s. A gentle trot like that of a dog. Hudibras. DOGWE'ARY, ddg-we'-re. «. Tired as a dog Shakspeare. DO'GWOOD, dog'-wud. n. s. A species of come lian cherry. DOTL Y, doe'-le. n. s. A species of woollen stuff, so called from the name of the first maker. Congreve. The name of a small napkin placed on our tables after dinner with the wine. DO'INGS, d66 / -lngz. n. s. Things done; events; transactions. Shak. Feats; actions. Sidney. Be- haviour; conduct. Sidney. Conduct; dispensa- tion. Hooker. Stir ; bustle ; tumult. Hooker. Fes- tivity ; merriment. DOIT, ddlt. n. s. {duyt, Dutch.] A small piece of money. Shakspeare. DOLE |, d6le. n. s. The act of distribution or deal- ing. Shak. Any thing dealt out. Shak. Provi- sions or money distributed in charity. B. Jonson. Blows dealt out. Beaumont and Fletcher. Grief; sorrow; misery. Shak. Bound or division of land. Homilies. To DOLE. d6le. v. a. To deal ; to distribute. Diet DOLE, d6le. n. s. Void space left in tillage. Diet. DO'LEFUL, dile'-ful. a. Sorrowful ; dismal. Sid ney. Melancholy; afflicted. Sidney. Dismal; impressing sorrow. Hooker. DOLEFULLY, dole'-f&l-le. ad. In a doleful manner ; sorrowfully. Shelton. DO'LE FULNESS, dc-le'-ful-nes. n. s. Sorrow; mel- anchoiv. Querulousness. Dismalness. DO'LENT*, diV-l6nt. a. [dolens, Lat.] Sorrowful. Chalmers. DO'LESOME, dile'-s&m. a. Melancholy ; gloomy. Pope. DO'LESOMELY, dile'-sum-le. ad. In a dolesome manner. DO'LESOMENESS, dole'-s&m-nes. n. s. Gloom; melancholy. DOLL, ddl. n. s. A contraction of Dorothy. A lit- tle girl's puppet or baby. [Perhaps an abbreviation of idol.'] DOLLAR, dol'-l&r. 418. n.s. [daler, Dutch.] A Dutch and German coin of different value, from about 2s. 6d. to 4s. 6d. Shakspeare. 308 DOM DON -no, m5ve, n5r, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ; — tlrin, thjs. DOLOR*. See Dolour. DOLORFFEROUS*, dol-6-rlf -fer-fis. a. Producing Sain. Whiiaker. LORFF1CAL*, dol-6-rff-e-kal. a. Causing sor- row. Cockeram. DOLORFFICK, dol-6-rlf-?k. 530. a. Causing grief or pain. Ran. DOLOROUS, dol'-o-rus. 503. a. Sorrowful ; doleful ; dismal. Hooker. Painful. Bp. Hall. DOLOROUSLY*, doF-o-rfis-le. ad. Sorrowfully; mournfully. Bale. DO'LOUR, dA'-Iftr. 314. n. s. [dolor, Lat.] Grief; sorrow. SIioJc. Lamentation; complaint. Sidney. Pain; pang. Bacon. 5^=" Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Bnchanan, Elphinston, and Entick, make the first in this word. short, as in dol- lar i and Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and Dr. Ash, long, as in donor: the latter is, in my opinion, the most analogical 542. W DO'LPHFN, dol'-ffn. n. s. [delphin, Lat.] The name of a fish. Shalcsptare. DOLTS, dolt. n.s. [bol, Sax.] A heavy, stupid fel- low; a blockhead. Sidney. To DOLT*, ddlt. v. n. To behave foolishly. New Custom.. DO'LTISH, dilt'-ish. a. Stupid; mean; dull. Bale. DO'LTISHNESS*, dolt'-ish-nes. n. s. Folly; stu- pidity. Sidney. DOM*, dom. n. s. [bom, Sax.] Power ; dominion. It is found only in composition ; as, kingdom, duke- dom, earldom. Quality, state, condition ; as, free- dom. Whiter. DOMABLE, d&m'-d-bl. c Tameable. Diet. DOMA'IN, di-mane 7 . n.s. [dommne, Fr.] Dominion ; empire. Milton. Possession ; estate. Drydcn. The land about a mansion-house occupied by the lord. SJtensione. DOMAL* do'-mal. a. Relating to the astrological use of house. Addison. DOME, d6rne. n. s. [dome, Fr.] A building ; a house; a fabrick. Prior. A hemispherical arch ; a cupola. Slienstone. \j£f* There is a strong propensity, particularly in the peo- ple of London, to pronounce this word so as to rhyme with room ; but this is contrary to all our dictionaries which give the sound of the vowels, and ought not to be suffered to add to the already too numerous exceptions to the general sound of 0. W, DOMESDAY*. See Doomsday. DO MESMAN*, d65mz'-man. n. s. [borne, Sax.] An umpire ; a judge. Wicliffe. Ob. J. DOMESTICAL $, do-mes'-te-kal. ) a. [domesticus, DOMESTICK Mo-imV-tlk. S Lat.] Belong- ing to the house. Hooker. Private ; done at home. Hooker. Inhabiting the house ; not wild. Addison. Not foreign ; intestine. Hooker. $CT Dr. Johnson observes, that, of English, as of all living tongues, there is a double pronunciation, one cursory and colloquial, the other regular and solemn. He gives no instances of this double pronunciation ; and it is at first a little difficult to conceive what are the words in which this observation is verified. Solemn speaking teems to have no effect upon the accented vowels ; for, let us pronounce them as rapidly or as solemnly as we will, we certainly do not make any change in the quan- tity or quality of them. The only part of the language, in which Dr. Johnson's observation seems true, is some of the vowels when unaccented ; and of these the o seems to undergo the greatest change in consequence of solemnity or rapidity. Thus the o in obey is, in solemn speaking, pronounced as long and full as in the first syllable of open ; br.t, in rapid and cursory speaking, as short as the in oven. This latter sound, however, must not be given as a model ; for, let the pronunciation be aver so rapid and familiar, there is a certain elegance in giving the 0, in this situation, its full, open sound, approaching to that which it has when under the ac- cent ; and, though nothing but a delicacy of ear will di- rect us to the degree of openness with which we must pronounce the unaccented in domestick, docility, po- tential, proceed, m-onastick, trwnotony, &.c, we may bo assured that these vowels are exactly under the same predicament, and can never be pronounced short and shut, as if written dommestick, dossility, pottential,&.c, without hurting the ears of every good speaker, and over- turning the first principles of pronunciation. 547, 548. 22 The same observations seem to hold good of tho unac- cented in every word ending in ory ; as transitory, dilatory, &c. The in rapid speaking certainly goos into short *, as if written transitury, dilatury, &.c, but, in solemn pronunciation, approaches to the accent- ed, open sound of in glory, story, &c. ; but, as tho in these terminations never admits of being pronounced quite so open as when ending a syllable before the ac- cent, I have, like Mr. Sheridan, given it the colloquial sound of short u. 512. — See Command. W. DOMESTICALLY* d6-meV-te-kal-le. ad. Rela- tivelv to domestick affairs. Slieldon. DOME' STIC ANT*, do-mes'-te-kant. a. Forming part of the" same family. Sir E. Dering. To DOMESTICATE, di-meV-te-kate. v. a. To make domestick. Ricliardson. To familiarize ; to ren- der, as it were, of the same family. Sir H. IVolton. DOMESTICK, do-meV-dk. n. s. One kept in the same house. South. DOMICILE*, ddm'-e-sn. n. s. [domicile, Fr.] A house. BrevinL DOMICFL1ARY* dom-e-sfl'-ya-re. a. Intruding into private houses. Burke. To DOMICILIATE*, dom-e-slF-e-ate. v. a. To render domestick. Pownall. To DO'MIFY, dom'-e-fl. ». a. [domifco, Lat.] To tame. Diet. DOMINANT, dom'-e-nant, a. [dominans, Lat.] Predominant; presiding. Evelyn. To DOMINATE §, dW-e-nate. v. n. To predomi- nate. Dryden, To DOMINATE*, dom'-e-nate, v. a. To govern. DOMINATION, dom-e-na'-shun. n. s. Power ; do- minion. Shak. Tyranny ; insolent authority. Ar- bulhnot. One highly exalted in power: used of angelick beings. Milton. DOMINATD7E, d6m 7 -e-na-tiv. a. Imperious ; inso- lent. Diet. Presiding ; governing. Sir E. Sandys. DO , MINATOR,&bm l -h-nk-\.hr. 521. n. s. [Lat.] The presiding or predominant power or influence Camden. The absolute governour or ruler. Donne. To DOMFNE'ER §, dom-e-neer / . v.n. [dominor, Lat.] . To rule with insolence ; to swell ; to bluster. Shak. To DOMINEER*, d6m -e-neer / . v. a. To govern. Walpole. DOMI'NICAL, d6-mln'-6-kil. «. Noting the Lord's day, or Sunday. Holder. Noting the prayer - of our Lord Christ. Hoiceli. DOMFN1CAL*, d6-m?n'-e-kal. n. s. The Lord's day, or Sunday. Hammond. DOMINICAN* do-mV-e-kan. n. s. One of the or- der of St. Dominick. DOMFNICAN*, do-nuV-e-kan. a. Respecting those of the order of St. Dominick. Milton. DO'MINO*, dom'-e-no. n. s. [Ital.] A kind of hood worn by canons of cathedral churches in Italy ; a masquerade garment. DOMFNION, do-mln'-yun. 113. n. s. Sovereign au- thority; unlimited power. Milton. Power; right of possession or use. Locke. Territory; region; district. Davies. Predominance ; ascendant. ^Dry- den. An order of angels. Col. i. DON, don. n. s. [dominus, Lat.] The Spanish title for a gentleman. Dryden. To DON, don. v. a. [To do on.] To put on; to in- vest with. Fairfax. Ob. J. DO'NARY, di'-na-re. n. s. [donarmm, Lat.] A thing given to sacred uses. Burton. NA'TION, do-na'-shun. n. s. [donatio, Lat.] The act of giving any thing. Milton. The grant by which any thing is given. Raleigh DO'NATISM*, don'-a-tlzm. n.s. The heresy of Don- atists. Abp. Wliitgift. DO NATIST*, don'-a-tlst. n. s. [from one Dovatus. founder of the sect.] One of a sect of hereticks 01 the fourth century, whose general profession was an exclusive pretended puntanism. Hooker. DONATIST1CAL*, d6n'-a-tlst'-e-kal. a. Pertain- ing to the heresy of Donatists. Fuller. DONATIVE, d&n'-a-tiv. 503. n. s. A gift ; a largess 3 a present. Hooker. A benefice merely given and collated by the patron to a man, without either pro 309 DOR DOT (TT 559.— Fate, far, Tall, fat;— me, m3t;— pine, pin;— sentation to the ordinary, or institution by the ordi- nary, or induction by his orders. Cowel. $CT I have differed from Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. John- ston, and Entick. in the quantity of the vowe! in the first syllable of this word, not only as I think it contra- ry to the best usage, but as it is at variance with the analogy of words in this termination. Let not the Jong quantity of the Latin o in donatio be pleaded in favour of my opponents ; for (waving the utter uncertainty of arguing from the Latin quantity to ours) this would prove that the a and e in the first syllable of sanative and lenitive ought to be long likewise. Dr. Kenrick. Dr. Ash, and Mr. Perry, are on my side. W. DONE, dun. -part. pass, of the verb To do. DONE*, dun. TJie old infinitive of Do. DONE, don. a kind of interjection. The word by which a wager is concluded.' Shakspeare. DONEE'*, dd-nee'. n. s. The person to whom a gift is made. &»> M. Sandys. ; NJON, dSn'-jfin. n. s. [corrupted to dungeon] A strong tower in the middle of a castle or fort. Cot- grave. A tower or place in which prisoners were kept. Chancer. DO'NNAT*, don'-nat. n. s. [do mid naught.] An idle, good-for-nothing' person. Granger. DO'NOR, d^-nor. n.s. [dono, Lat.] A giver; a be- stower. Dryden. DO'NSiilP, don'-sh?p. n. s. Quality of a gentleman or kn<2"ht. Hudibras. DO'NZLL* don/-zel. n. s. [Ital.] A page. Butler. DOO'DLE, d66'-dl. 405. n. s. A trifler; an idler. DOOLE* dodl. n. s. Dole. To DOOM§, doSm. v. a. [beman, Sax.] To judge. Milton. To condemn to any punishment. Smith. To pronounce condemnation upon any. Dryden. To command judicially or authoritatively. Shak. To destine ; to command by uncontrollable au- thority. Dryden. DOOM, doom. n. s. [bom, Sax.] Judicial sentence ; judgement. Shak. The great and final judgement. Shak, Condemnation. Shak. Determination de- clared. Shak. The state to which one is destined. Dryden. Ruin j destruction. Pope. Discrimination ; discernment. Mirror for Magistrates. DOO'MFUL*, dSSm'-ful. a.' Full of destruction. Drayton. DOOMSDAY, d3Smz'-da. n. s. The day of final and universal judgement. Shak. The day of sen- i tence or condemnation. Shakspeare. DOOMSDAY-BOOK, d5omz'-da-b6ok. n. s. A book made by order of William the Conqueror, in which the estates of the kingdom were registered. Camden. DOO'MSMAN*. See Domksman. DOOR§, d6re. 310. n.s. [bop, bupe, Sax.] The gate of a house. Spenser. In familiar language, a house; often in the plural, doors. Bacon. En- trance ; portal. Dryden. Passage ; avenue. Ham- nwnd. — Out of door, or doors. No more to be found ; quite gone ; fairly sent away. Dryden. At (lie docrr of any one. Imputable ; chargeable upon him. Dryden. Next door to. Approaching to; near to. L 1 Estrange. DOORCASE*, dire'-kase. n. s. The frame in which the door is enclosed. Moxon. DOORING* dcW-mg. n. s. A doorcase. Milton. DOORKEEPER, dc-re'-keep-fir. n. s. A porter. Bp. Taylor. DOORNAIL*, d6re'-nale. n. s. The nail on which, in ancient doors, the knocker struck. DOORPOST*, dore'-r ost. n. s. The post of a door. Exod. xxi. DOORSTEAD* d6re'-steU n. s. Entrance of the door. Warbunon. DO'QUET, dok'-?t. 99, 415. n. s. A paper contain- ing a warrant. Bacon. To DOR*. See To Dorr. DOREE'* d6-ree / . n.s. [doree, Fr.] A fish, called by us John Dorv. John is perhaps a corruption of the Fr. /aune, yellow. DORIAN*, do'-re-an. a. [dorien, Fr.] Dorick. Mil- ton. DORICISM*, d&V-e-slzm. n.s. A phrase of the Dorick dialect Boyle. DORICK*, ddrMk. a. [from Doris, Fr. Doriqne.} A species of the ancient rousick. Howell. An or* der of architecture. Mil/on. DORISM*. n, s. An expression of the Doiick dia- lect. Essay on Gr. and Lat. Prosodies. DO RMANCY*, ddV-man-se. n. s. Quiescence. Bp\ Horsley. DORMANT, dcV-mant. a. [dormant, Fr.] Sleep- ing. Congreve. In a sleeping posture. Brown Private; not publick. Bacon. Concealed; not di- vulged. Swift. Leaning; not perpendicular Cleaveland. DORMANT* dor'-mant. )n. s. A large beam; a DO/RMAR*, dfir'-mar. S P.iece of timber, some- times called a sleeper. Fairfax. A window made in the roof of a house. Chambers. DORMITIVE*, dor'-me-tlv. n. s. [dormio, Lat.] A soporifick medicine; an opiate. Arbuthnot. DORMITORY, d6r'-me-tur-e. 557. n. s. A place to sleep in. Bp. Hall. A burial place. Ayliil'e. DORMOUSE, dor'-md&se. n.s. A small animal which passes a large part of the winter in sleep, Beaumont and Fletch&r. DORN, d6rn. n. s. [dorm, Germ.] The name of a fish. DORNICK, dc-i^-nlk. n. s. A species of linen clclh ; also linsey-woolsey. Beaumont and Fletcher. DORP*, ddrp. n. s. [dorp, Teut.] A small village, Howell. 7VDORR§, ddr. v. a. [tor, Teut.] To deafen or stupify with noise. Hales. DOER, doY. n. s. A kind of flying insect, remarkable for a loud noise. Brown. DORRER*. dor'-rur. n. s. A drone. Robimon. DORSE*, d6rse. n. s. [ders, old Fr.] A eanopy- Sutton.. Ob. T. DORSAL* ddr'-sal. a. Belonging to the back.. Pennant. DORSEL, dcV-sTl. ) n. s. [dorsale, Lat.] A pan- DORSER, d6V-sfir. { nier; a basket or bag, one of which hangs on either side a beast of burthen. Bea?imont ana Fletcher. DORSPFEROUS, dor-slf-fe-rus. ) 518. a. [dorsum DORSPPAROUS, dSr-sfp'-pa-rfts. \ and fero, of pario, Lat.] Having the property of bearing or bringing forth on the back. It is used of plants. DO'KSUM*, dcV-sum. n.s. [Lat.] A ridge of a hill. Walton. DO'RTURE, d:V-tshure. n. s. [contracted from dormiture.'] A dormitory ; a place to sleep ir>. Bacon. DORY*. See Doree. DOSE $, dose. n. s. [Sbais.'j So much of any medi- cine as is taken at one time. Quincy. Any thing nauseous. South. As much of any thing as falls to a man's lot. Hudibras. Quantity. Granville. To DOSE, dose. v. a. To proportion a medicine properly. Derham. To give physick or any thing nauseous. SoufJi. DO' SIS*. de. DO'WNLOOKED, ddun' lSSkt. a. Having a de- jected countenance. Dryden. DO'WNLYING^dun-ll'-ing a. About to be in trav- ail of childbirth. DO'WNLYING*, ddun-ll'-fng. n.s. The time of ly- ing down, of repose ; night. Cavendish. DOWNRIGHT, ddun'-rhe. a. Plain; open; appa- rent; undisguised. Bacon. Directly tending to the ? afrit. B. Jonson. Unceremonious ; honestly surly. ? uller. Plain ; without palliation. Brown. DOWNRIGHT, ddun-rlte'. ad. Straight or right down. Hudibras. In plain terms ; without cere- mony. Shak. Completely ; without stopping short Arbuthnot. DOVVNRIGHTLY*, ddun'-rlte-le. ad. In plain terms ; bluntly. Barrow. DOWNS1TT1NG, ddun-su'-tlng. n.s. Rest ; repose Psalm, exxxix. DOWNSTEE'PY* ddun-stee'-pe. a. Having a great declivity. Florio. 'WNTROD*, ddun'-tr&d. } „ . „ DO'WNTRODDEN*, ddun'-tr&d-dn. \ ? an - a - Pushed down ; trampled upon. Shakspeare. DO'WNWARD, ddiV-wurd. 38. i ad. [bune DOWNWARDS, ddfin'-wurdz. $ peapb,Sax.] Towards the centre. Newton. From a higher situ ation to a lower. Milton. In the course of success- ive or lineal descent. Shakspeare. DO'WNWARD, ddun'-wfird. a. Movingon a de- clivity; tending to the ground. Dryden. Declivous; bending. Dryden. Depressed ; dejected. Sidney. DO'WNWEED*, ddun'-weed. n. s. Cottonweed. Barret. DO'WNY, ddu'-ne. a. Covered with down or nap. Shak. Made of down or soft feathers. Dryden. Soft ; tender ; soothing. Shakspeare. DO'WRE, dour. 223. in. s. [douaire, Fr.] A por- DO'WRY, ddu'-re. ) tion given with a wife. Sid- ney. A reward paid for a wife. Cowley. A gift ■ a fortune given. b 312 DRA DRA -n6, move, ndr, not; — tube, tub, bull; — oil 5 — pound; — tJiin, THis. To DOWSES*, d6us. v. a. [daska, Su. Goih.] To give a blow on the face ; to strike. Bailey. WST*, ddfist. n. s. A stroke. Beaum. and Fl. DOXOLO'GICAL*, doks-o-lodj'-e-kal. a. Having a form of thanksgiving to God. Howell. DOXO'LOGY J, duk-sol'-di-jk 518. n. s. [Wf« and \6yos.] A form of giving glory to God. Stillingfleet. DCXY , dok-se. n. s. A whore ; a loose wench. SItdkspeare, To DOZE $. doze. t\ m. [bpse]-, Sax.] To slumber; to sleep lightlv. L : Estrange. To live in a state of drowsiness. Dry den. To DOZE $, doze. r. a. To stupify : to dull Clarendon. DO'ZEN. dfiz'-zn. 103. n. s. [douzaine, Fr.] The ' number of twelve. Shakspeare. DO'ZLNESS, d6'-ze-nes. n.s. Sleepiness. Locke. DCZING*, diV-zing. n.s. Sluggishness. Lord Clies- terfield. DOZY. ckV-ze. a. Sleeoy ; drows}'. Dryden. DRAB§, drab. n.s. [bjiabbe, Sax.] A strumpet. Shakspeare. A slut. King. To DRAB*, drab. v. n. To'associate with strumpets. Beaumont and Fletcher. DRA'BBLNG*, drab'-bmg. n.s. Keeping company with drabs. Beaumont and Fletcher. DRABLER*, drab'-lur. n.s. [In navallanguage.] A piece added to the bonnet, wheu more sail is wanted. DRACHM, dram. n. s. [drachma, Lat.] An old Greek coin. Sliak. The eighth part of an ounce. Confrere. DRACUNCULUS, dra-kiV-ku-lus. n.s. [Lat.] A worm bred in hot countries. DRAD, drad. a. [for dread, or the part, passive of To dread.] Terrible ; formidable. Spenser. DRAD*, drad. pre*, of To dread. Feared. Spenser. DRAFF §, draf. n.s. [bpop, Sax.; draf, Dutch.] „ Refuse; lees; dregs: properly something fluid. Shakspeare. Refuse; sweepings. Dryden. DRA'FFISH*, draf -fish. a. Worthless. Bale. DRA'FFY, draf -fe. a. Worthless ; dreggy. Beau- mont and Fletclver. DRAFT, draft. A corrupt spelling from draught. To DRAG §, drag. v. a. [bpa^an, Sax.] To pull along the ground by main force ; to draw heavily along. Denlvxm. To draw any thing burthensome. Dryden. To draw contemptuously along," as a thing unworthy to be carried. Stilling Jleet. To pull about with violence and ignominy. Milton. To pull roughly and forcibly. Dryden. To DRAG, drag. v. n. To hang so low as to trail or grate upon the ground. Dryden. DRAG, drag. n. s. A net drawn along the bottom of the water. Habak. An instrument with hooks to catch hold of things under water. Walton. A kind of car drawn b} T the hand. Mox/m. To DRA'GGLE $, drag'-gl. 405. v. a. To make dirty by dragging on the ground. Gay. To DRA'GGLE, drag'-gl. v. n. To grow dirty by being drawn along the ground. Hudibras. DRA'GGLETAIL*, drag'-gl-taie. n. s. A sluttish woman. Sherwood. DRAGMAN*, drag'-man. n. s. A fisherman that uses a dragnet. Hade. DRA'GNET, drag'-nei. n.s. [bjiae^e-net, Sax.] A net which is drawn along the bottom of the wa- ter. Bp. Hall. DRA'GOMAN*. See Druggerman. DRA'GON$ f drag'-fin. 166. n. s. [draco, Lat. drag- on. Fr.] A kind of winged serpent, perhaps ima- ginar\', much celebrated in the romances of the middfe ages. Slunk. A fierce, violent man or wo- man. A constellation near the north pole. DRA'GON. drag'-fin. n.s. A plant. DRA'GONET, drag'-fin-et. n. s. A little dragon. Spenser. DRA'GONFLY, drag'-un-fll. n.s. A nerce stinging flv. Bacon. DRA'GONISH, drag'-un-fsh. a. Having the form of a dragon. Shakspeare. DRA'Gt)NLIKE, drag'-fin-like. a. Furious; fiery. Shakspeare. DRA'GONSBLOOD, drag'-unz-blfid. n. s. {bjia- canblob, Sax.] A resin, so named as to seem to have been imagined an animal production. Hill. DRA'GONSHEAD, drag'-finz-hed. n. s. A plant. DRA'GONTREE, drag'-un-tree. n. s. A species of palm. DRAGO'ON§, dra-goSn'. [See Encore.] n. s. [from the Roman draconaiii.~\ A kind ot soldier that serves indifferently either on foot or horseback. Toiler. Formerly used for a dragoonade. Bp. BoAow. T^DRAGO'ON, dra-godn'. v. a. To persecute by abandoning a place to the rage of soldiers. Prior. DRAGOO.NA'DE*, drag-Son-ade'. n.s. An aban- donment of a place to the rage of soldiers. Burnet. To DRAIL §* diale. v. a. [the same as trail.] To draw ; to drag. More. To DRAIL*, drale. v. n, To draggle. South. ro DRAIN 6, drane. v. a. [bpehni^ean, Sax.] To draw oft' gradually. Bacon. To empty by drawing gradually away. Roscommon. To make quite dry. Swift. DRAIN, drane. n. s. The channel through which liquids are gradually drawn ; a watercourse ; a sink. Mortimer. DRA'INABLE*. dra'-na-bl. a. Capable of being drained. Slierwood. DRAKE, drake, n. s. The male of the duck. Morti- mer. The drakefly. Walton. A small piece of artillery. Clarendon. DRAMf, dram. n. s. [drachma, Lat.] In weight the eighth part of an ounce. Bacon. A small quantity, in a proverbial sense. Spenser. Such a quantity of distilled spirits as is usually drank at once. Shakspeare. Spirits; distilled liquors. Pope. To DRAM, dram. v. n. To drink drafts. DRAM-DRINKER*, dram'-drfnk-tk w. s. One who is in the habit of drinking distilled spirits. BisJwp Berkeley. DRA'MA§, dnV-ma, or dram'-ina.. n. s. [fyaua.] A poem accommodated to action ; a poem in which the action is not related, but represented ; and in which, therefore, such rules are to be observed as make the representation probable. Dryden. §Cr The last mode of pronouncing this word is that which was universally current till within these few years ; but the first has insensibly stolen into use. as we may observe from the several dictionaries which have adopted it. Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston, Mr. Nares, and, as far as we can judge by the position of the accent, Entick and Bailey pronounce it with the first a long ; and Dr. Kenrick, Buchanan, and. if we may guess at Dr. Ash by his accent, with the same letter short. Mr. Scott gives both ways ; but, by placing the sound with the long a first, seems to prefer it. The authorities are certainly on the side I have adopted ; but I wish also to establish it by analogy. And, first, it may be observed, that, if any argument can be drawn from the Latin quantity to the English, it is cer- tainly in favour of the first" pronunciation ; for, in a Latin word of two syllables, where a consonant comes between two vowels, the consonant always goes to the last, and the first vowel is pronounced long, without the least regard to the quantity. Thus, Crates, the philos- opher, and crates, a hurdle ; decus, honour, and dedo, to give ; ovo, to triumph, and orum. an egg; JV"«ma, the legislator, and niimen, the divinity, have the first vowels always sounded long, by an English speaker, al- though in the Latin the first vowel in the first word of each of these pairs is short. From this universal man- ner of pronouncing Latin words, though contrary to Latin quantity, it is no wonder, when we adopt words from that language without any alteration, we should pronounce them in the same manner ; and it may be fairly concluded, that this uniform pronunciation of the Latin arises from the genius of our own tongue ; which always inclines us to lengthen the accented vowel be- fore a single consonant in words of two syllables ; oth erwise, what reason can we assign for the rule laid down by our ancestors for doubling the consonant in verbs, verbal nouns, and participles, where a single vowel was preceded by a single consonant in the theme ? But an affectation of Latinity seems to have d: sturbed the general pronunciation of our own langt age, as much as our own pronunciation has disturbed ti e Latin quantity : for, though we neglect the quantity of Latin dissyllables, when we are pronouncing that la lguage, yet, in dissyllables of our own, formed from tho Latin, 313 DRA DRA (LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pm;- and anglicised, we seem to be, in some measure, guided by the Latin quantity. To what else can we attribute the short sound of the first vowel in maffick, placid, tepid, vigil, novel, &c. ? and to what but = the genuine force of vernacular pronunciation can we ascribe the long sound of u in this situation, let the quantity of the Latin original be what it will? Thus, though epick, topick, cynick, and tonick, have the first vowel short, tunick, stupid, Cupid, tumid, &c. have the u long, though always short in the Latin words from which they are derived. But however this may be in words anglicised from the Latin, and ending in a consonant, perhaps, in nothing is our pronunciation more regular than in the quantity of the first vowel in a word of two syllables ending with a vowel: in this case the first vowel is invariably long ; and why the word in ques- tion should be the only exception, cannot easily be ac- counted for. We have no words originally English of tliis form ; but those we adopt from other languages suf- ficiently show the analogy of pronunciation : thus gola, coma, China, era, strata, quota, fico, dado, sago, bravo, tyro, hero, negro, &c. &c. have all the first syllable long ; and why drama should not fall into the same analogy, I cannot conceive. A corroboration of this is the pronunciation of lama, Brama, Zama, and Zara, and all proper names of the same form from the Greek and Latin, as Cato, Plato, Strato, Crito, Draco, &c. ; and I think it may be with confidence asserted, that an Englishman, who had never beard the word drama pro- nounced, would naturally place the accent upon the first syllable, and pronounce the vowel in that syllable long and slender. 544. W. DRAMATICAL, dra-mat'-e-kal. ) a. Represented DR AM A'TICK . dra-mat'-fk. 509. $ by action ; not narrative. Benlley. DRAMATICALLY, dra-mat'-e-kal-e. ad. Repre- sentatively; by representation. Dryden. DRA'MATlST, dranV-a-dst. 503. n. s. The author of dramatick compositions. Burnet. DRANK, drank. The pret. of drink. To DRAPE §, drape, v. n. [drap, Fr.] To make cloth. Bacon. To jeer, or satirize. D RATER, dra'-pvir. 98. n.s. One who sells cloth. Boyle. DRATERY, drV-p&r-e. n. s. [drapperie, Fr.] Cloth- work; the trade of making- cloth. Bacon. Cloth ; stuffs of wool. Arbvihnot. The dress of a picture or statue. Prior. DRA'PET, dra'-peL n. s. Cloth ; coverlet. Spenser. Ob. J. DRA'STICK, dras'-tik. a. [fyaVr:™?.] Powerful ; ef- ficacious. Used of a medicine that works with speed ; as, the stronger purges. Quincy. DRAUGH, draft 331. n. s. [corruptly written for draff'.'] Refuse ; swill. Shakspeare. DRAUGHT §, draft. 215, 393. n.s. The act of drink- ing. Swift. A quantity of liquor drank at once. Boyle. Liquor drank for pleasure. Milton. The act of drawing or pulling carriages. Siuxk. The quality of being drawn. Mortimer. Representation by picture. Dryden. Delineation ; sketch ; out- line. South. A picture drawn. South. The act of sweeping with a net. Hale. The quantity of fishes taken by once drawing the net. V Estrange. The act of shooting with the bow. Camden. Di- version in war ; the act of disturbing the main de- sign. Spenser. Forces drawn off from the main army ; a detachment. Addison. A sink ; a drain. St. Mattliew, xv. The depth which a vessel draws, or sinks into the water. Dryden. In the plural, draughts : a kind of play resembling chess. [In commerce.] A bill drawn for the payment of money. To DRAUGHT*, draft, v. a. To draw out ; to call forth. Addison. DRAUGHTHOUSE, draft'-h6us. n.s. A house in which filth is deposited. 2 Kings, x. DRAUGHTSMAN*, drafts'-man. n. s. One who draws pleadings or other writings. One who draws pictures, plans, or maps. DRAVE, drave. The pret. of drive. Drove is more used. To DRAW$>, draw. v. a. pret. drew; part. pass. drawn, [bjia^an, Sax.] To pull along. 2 Sam. xvii. To pull forcibly ; to pluck. Atterbury. To bring by violence ; to drag. James, ii. To raise out of a deep place. Jer. xxxviii. To suck. Ecchis xiii. To attract; to call towards itself. Bacon To draw as the magnet does. Donne. To inhale. Milton. To take from any thing containing or holding. 2 Chron. To take off the spit or broacher. Dryden. To take from a cask. Shak. To pull a sword from the sheath. Shak. To let out any liquid. SJiak. To take bread out of the oven. Mortimer. To unclose or slide back curtains. Shak. To close or spread curtains. Sidney. To extract. Bacon. To procure as an agent cause. Locke. To produce or bring as an efficient cause. Sir J. Davies. To convey secretly or gradually Judg. xx. To protract ; to lengthen. Shak. To utter lingeringly. Dryden. To derive. Dryden. To deduce as from postulates. Temple. To imply. Locke. To allure ; to entice. Shak. To lead as a motive. Shak. To persuade to follow. Shak. To induce ; to persuade. Davies. To win ; to gain ; a metaphor from gaming. Shak. To receive ; to take up. Sliak. To extort ; to force. Dryden. To wrest ; to distort. Whiigift. To compose ; to form in writing. Shak. To withdraw from judicial no- tice. Shak. To withdraw from the combat; to leave a fight unfinished ; as, a drawn battle. To eviscerate ; to embowel. King. To trace by scent ; to draw, as a hound does. Coles. To rep- resent by picture ; or in fancy. Sliak. To form a representative image. Dryden. — To draw mi. To contract ; to pull back. Gay. To draw in. To inveigle ; to entice. Hudibras. To draw off. To extract by distillation. Addison. To draw off. To dram out by a vent. Mortimer. To draw off. To withdraw ; to abstract. Addison. To draw on. To occasion ; to invite. Hayward. To draw on. To cause. Boyle. To draw over. To raise in a still. Boyle. To draw over To persuade to revolt ; to induce to change a party. Addison. To draw out. To protract ; to lengthen. Shak. To draw md. To beat out Moxon. To draw out. To extract ; to pump out by insinuation. Sidney. To draw out. To induce by motive. Hooker. To draw out. To call to action. Dryden. To range in battle. Col- lier. To draw up. To form in order of battle. Dryden. To draw up. To form in writing. Dryden. To DRAW, draw. v. n. To perform the office of a beast of draught. Deut. xxi. To act as a weight Addison. To contract ; to shrink. Bacon. To advance ; to move. Shak. To draw together ; t: be collected. Blackmore. To adhere ; to cleave. Wicliffe. To draw a sword. SJiak. To practise the art of delineation. Locke. To take a card out of the pack. Dryden. To make a sore run by at- traction. — To draw off. To retire ; to retreat. To draw on. To advance ; to approach. Dry den. To draw up. To form troops into regular order. Clarendon. DRAW, draw. n. s. The act of drawing. The lot or chance drawn. DRA'WABLE*, draw'-a-bl. a. Capable of being drawn. More. DRA'WBACK, draw'-bak. n.s. Money paid back for ready payment, or anv other reason. Swift. DRA'WBRIDGE, draw'-brklje. n.s. A bridge made to be lifted up, to hinder or admit communication at pleasure. Carew. DRAWEE'*, draw-ee'. n.s. One on whom a bill of exchange is drawn. Blackstone. DRA' WER, draw'-ur. n. s. One employed in procur- ing water from the well. Deut. xxix. One whose business is to draw liquors from the cask. Shak. That which has the power of attraction ; that which incites. Massinger. A box in a case, out of which it is drawn at pleasure. Locke. One who draws a bill of exchange. In the plural, the lower part of a man's dress. Locke. DRA 7 WING, draw'-ing. n.s. Delineation ; repre- sentation. Pope. DRA*WINGROOM,draw'-W-room.7i. s. The room 314 DUE DRI — n6, move, nSr, not ; — tube, tub. bull ; — 6ll ; — pSund ; — th'm, thjs. m which company assembles at court. Pope. The company assembled there. Johnson. To DRAWL§, drawl, v.n. To utter any thing in a slow, drivelling way. Bp. Hall. To DRAWL*, drawl, v. a. To consume in a drivel- ling' way. Idler. DRAWL*, drawl, n. s. A protracted modulation of the voice. Mason. DRAWN, drawn. po.H. from draw. Collected. Clar- endon. Pulled. Dryden. Equal ; where each par- ty takes his own stake. Addison. With a sword drawn. Shak. Open ; put aside, or unclosed. Dryden. Eviscerated. Sliak. Induced as from rojqm» motive. Spenser. DRA'WWELL, draw'-wel. n. s. A deep well. Grew. DRAYS, dra. )n. s. [bpa£, Sax.] DRA'YCARTS, dra'-kart $ The car on which beer is carried. Addison. DRA'YHORSE, dra'-horse. n. s. A horse which draws a dray. Toiler. DRA'YMAN, dra'-man. 88. n. s. One that attends a dray or cart Shakspeare. DRA'YPLOUGH, dra'-plou. n.s. A plough of a particular kind. Mortimer. DRA'ZEL, draz'-zl. 102, 405. n. s. A low, mean, worthless wretch. Hudibras. DREADS, dreU 234. n.s. [bpeb, Sax.] Fear; ter- rour ; affright Shak. Habitual fear ; awe. Gen. ix. The person or thing feared. Isavali, viii. DREAD, dred. a. Terrible ; frightful. Shak. Awful; venerable in the highest degree. Milton. To DREAD, dr£d. v. a. To fear in an excessive de- gree. Wake. To DREAD, dreU v. n. To be in fear. Devi. i. DRE'ADABLE*, dred'-a-bl. a. To be dreaded or feared. Kalendar of Shepherds. DRE'ADER, dred'-fir. S3. ?i.s. One that lives in fear. Swift. DREADFUL, dr^d'-fuL «. Terrible ; frightful. Mil- ton. Awful ; venerable. Genesis, xxviii. Full of fear. Spenser. DRE'ADFULNESS, dred'-f&i-nes. n.s. Terrible- ness; frightfulness. Hakewili. DRE'ADFULLY, dred'-f fil-e. ad. Terribly ; fright- fully. Drvden. DRE'ADLESS, dredMes. a. Fearless ; unaffright- ed; intrepid. Spenser. DRE'ADLESSNESS, dred'-les-nes. n. s. Fearless- ness. Sidney. DREAMS, dreme. 227. n. s. [droom, Dut] A phan- tasm of sleep; the thoughts of a sleeping man. S/iak. An idle fancy ; a wild conceit. Shak. To DREAM, dreme. v. n. preter. dreamed, or dreamt. To have the representation of something in sleep. Locke. To think ; to imagine. SJuik. To think idly. Locke. To be sluggish ; to idle. Dryden. To DREAM, dreme. v. a. To see in a dream. Dry- den. DRE'AMER, dre'-mflr. 98. n.s. One who has dreams ; one who has fancies in his sleep. Dry- den. An idle, fanciful man ; a visionary. Shak. Formerly, an interpreter of dreams. Gen. xxxvii. A mope. Prior. A slugerard ; an idler. DRE'AMFUL*, dreme'ful. a. Full of dreams. Huloet. DRE'AMINGLY*, dreme'-ing-le. ad. Sluggishly ; negligently. Hidoet. DRE'AMLESS, dreme'-les. a. Free from dreams. Camden. DREAR, drere. 227. a. Mournful ; dismal. Milton. DREAR, drere. n. s. Dread ; terrour. Spenser. DRE'ARIHEAD, dre'-re-heM. n. s. Horrour ; dis- malness. Spenser. Ob. J. DRE'ARILY*, dre'-re-le. ad. Dreadfully ; terribly. Spenser. DRE'ARJMENT, dre'-re-ment n. s. Sorrow ; dis- mal ness. Spenser. Horrour ; dread ; terrour. Spen- ser. DRE'ARINESS*, dr^-re-nes. n. s. Dismalness; sor- row. Manning. DRE'ARYSjdre'-re. a. [bjieopi £, Sax.] Sorrow- ful ; distressful. S])enser Gloomy ; dismal ; hor- rid. Dryden. DREDGE S, dredje. n. s. A kind of net. Carew. To DREDGE, dredje. v. a. To gather with a dredge Ray. DREDGE S*, dnklje. n. s. A mixture of oats and bar ley sown together. To DR.EDGE*, dredge, v. a. To scatter flour on any thing which is roasting. Beaumont and Fletcher. DRE'DGER, drgd'-jur. n. s. One who fishes with a dredge. An instrument to scatter flour on meal while roasting. Ash. To DREE*,, dre. v. a. [bpeah, Sax.] To suffer j t« endure. Ray. DRE'GGINESS, dreg'-ge-nes. n.s. Fulness of dregs or lees. DRE'GGISH, dreg'-glsh. a. Foul with lees. Harvey. DRE'GGY, dreg'-ge. 382. a. Containing dregs ; muddv ; feculent. Blackmore. DREGS S, dregz. n.s. [bpeyten, Sax.] The sedi ment of liquors ; the lees ; the grounds. Davies Any thing by which purity is corrupted. Bacon Dross ; sweepings ; refuse. Drvden. To DRE1N, drane. 249. v.n. To empty. Congreve. To DRENCH S, drensh. r. a. [bpencean, Sax.] To wash ; to soak ; to steep. SJiak. To saturate with drink or moisture. Sliak. To physick by violence. Mortimer. DRENCH, drensh. n. s. A draught ; a swill. Milton. Physick for a brute. Farrier's Diet. Physick that must be given by violence. Beaumont and Fletcher A channel of water. DRE'NCHER, drensh'-fir. n. s. One that dips or steeps any thing. One that gives physick by force. Diet. DRENT, drent part. Drenched. Spenser. To DRESS S, dres. v.a. [dresser, Fr.] To clothe ; to invest with clothes. Dryden. To clothe pompously or elegantly. Taylor. To adorn ; to deck ; to em- bellish. Clarendxm. To cover a wound with medicaments. Wiseman. To curry ; to rub. By Taylor. To break or teach a horse. Dryden. To rectify; to adjust. Gen. ii. To prepare for any purpose. Mortimer. To trim ; to fit any thing for ready use. Ex. xxx. To prepare victuals for the table. 2 Sam. xii. To DRESS*, dr£s. r. n. To pay particular regard to dress. Brainstem. [In military language.] To keep the body in such a relative position, as to contribute towards, and make a part of, an exact continuity of line. James 1 Military Diet. DRESS, dres. n. s. Clothes ; garment ; habit. Gov. oftlie Tongue. Splendid clothes ; habit of cere- mony. Ricluirdson. The skill of adjusting dress. Pope. DREISER, dreV-sur. n.s. One employed in putting on the clothes of another. Bp. Taylor. One em- ployed in regulating or adjusting any thing. St. Luke, xiii. The bench in a kitchen on which meat is dressed. ShaJcspewe. DRESSING, dreV-smg. n. s. Attire ; ornament. B Jonson. The application made to a sore. Wise man. Manual labour upon ground. Evelvn. DRE'SSY*, dreV-se. a. Distinguished by dress. DRE'SSINGROOM, dres'-s?ng-r66m. n. s. The room in which clothes are put on. Swift. DREST, dr^st. part . [from dress.] 2c5=- This is one of those words which, for the sake of rhyming to the eye, as it may bo called, poets have con- tacted into an irregular form ; but how unnecessarily may be seen, Principles, No. 360. W. To DRIBS, drib. v.a. [contracted from dribble.] To crop ; to cut off. Sidney. DRIB*, drib. n. s. A drop. Swift. To DRFBBLES, dr'ib'-bl. 405. v.n. [from drop.] To fall in drops. To fall weakly and slowly. Sliak. To proceed slowly. Milton. 'To slaver as a child or idiot. To DRFBBLE, druV-bl. v. a. To throw down in drops. Swift. DRFBBLING* drib'-llng. n. s A falling m drops Woodward. 315 DRI DRO [LT 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met ;— pine, p?n ; — DRIBLET, drib'-leH. n. s. A small sum ; odd money in a sum. Dry den. DRIER, drl'-ur. n. s. That which has the quality of absorbing moisture. Bacon. DRIFT $, drift, n. s. Force impellent ; impulse. South. Violence ; course. Spenser. Any thing driven at random. Dryden. Any thing driven or borne along in a body. Pope. A stonn ; a shower. Shak. A snowdrift ; a deep body of snow. Tendency, or aim of action. Hooker. Scope of a discourse. Til- lotson. To DRIFT, drift, v. a. To drive ; to urge along. El- lis. To throw together on heaps. Thomson. To DRIFT*, drift, v.n. To form into heaps 5 as, the snow drifts. DRIFT- WAY*, drift'-wa. n. s. A common road for driving cattle. Cowel. DRIFT-WIND*, drift'-wind. n. s. A wind that drives all before it, or that throws any matter into heaps or drifts. Beaumont and Fletcher. To DRILL §, dril. v. a. [Siphan, Sax.] To pierce any thing with a drill. Moxon. To perforate ; to bore. Hudibras. To make a hole. Moxon. To delay ; to put off. Addison. To draw from step to step. South. To drain ; to draw slowly. Tiwmson. To form to arms ; to teach the military exercise. Hudibras. To DRILL*, dril. v. n. To flow gently or slowly. Cockeram. To muster; to assemble in order to exercise. Beaumont and Fletcher. DRILL, dril. n. s. An instrument with which holes are bored. Boyle. An ape ; a baboon. Locke. A small dribbling brook. Sandys. Military exercise. B. Jonson. To DRINK §, drink, v. n. preter. drank, or drunk ; part. pass, drunk, or drunken, formerly dronk and dronken. [bp.encan, Sax.] To swallow liquors ; to quench thirst. Shak. To feast ; to be entertained with liquors. Genesis, xliii. To drink to excess. Pope. — To drink to. To salute in drinking. Shak. To drink to. To wish well to in the act of taking the cup. Shakspeare. To DRINK, drink, v. a. To swallow : applied to li- 3uids. 1 Samuel, xxx. To suck up; to absorb. )ryden. To take in b)' an inlet ; to hear ; to see. Shak. To act upon by drinking. Slutk. To make drunk. 1 Kings, xvi. DRINK, drink, n.s. Liquor to be swallowed. Milton. Liquor of any particular kind. Shakspeare. DRINKABLE, drink'-a-bl. a. Potable ; such as may be drunk. Wodroephe. DRINKER, drink'-ur. 93. n.s. [bnmcene, Sax.] One that drinks to excess ; a drunkard. Bacon. One that drinks any liquor, but not to excess. Ju- nius. DRINKING* drink'-mg. n. s. The act of quenching thirst. Bp. Taylor. A festival. Estlier, i. The habit of drinking strong liquors to excess. Lord Chesterfield. DRINKING-HORN*, drink'-mg-h&rn. n. s. [bjienc- honn, Sax.] A drinking cup made of horn. DRINKING-HOUSE*, drink'-ing-h6us. n. s. [b]ienc-hur, Sax.] An ale-house. DRINKLESS*, drink'-ias. a. Without drink. Cliau- cer. DRFNKMONEY, drink'-mun-ne. n. s. Money giv- en to buy liquor. Arbuthnot. To DRIP §, drip. v.n. [bpypan, Sax.] To fall in drops. To have drops falling from it. Dryden. To DRIP, drip. v. a. To let fall in drops. Swift.. To drop fatrin roasting. Walton. DRIP, drip. n. s. [from the verb.] That which falls in drops. Abp. Laud. [In architecture.] A large flat member of the cornice, the corona ; called by workmen the drip. Chambers. DRIPPING, drip' -ping. n. s. The frit which house- wives gather from roast meat. Swift. DRIPPINGPAN, drfp'-plng-pan. n. s. The pan m which the fat of roast meat is caught. Beaumont and Fletcher. DRIPPLE, drlp'-pl. a. Weak, or rare. Fairfax. To DRIVE §, drive, i;. a. pret. drove, anciently drave , part. pass, driven, or drove, [bprpan, Sax.] To produce motion in any thing by violence. To force along by impetuous pressure. Pope. To expel by force from any place. Dryden. To send by force to any place. Shak. To chase ; to hunt. Chevy Chase. To force or urge in any direction. Hah. ih. To impel to greater speed. 2 Kings. To guide and regulate a carriage. Exodus, xiv. To convey animals under guidance. Addison. To clear any place by forcing away what is in it. Dryden. To force ; to compel Ascham. To hurry on inconsid- erately. Bp. Taiflor. To distress ; to straiten. Spenser. To urge by violence, not kindness. Dry- den. To impel by influence of r passion. Shak. To urge ; to press to a conclusion. Bacon. To cany- on ; to keep in motion. Bacon. To purify by mo- tion. Shak. — To drive out. To expel. K. Charles. To DRFVE, drive, v. n. To go as impelled by any external agent. Brown. To rush with violence. Dryden. To pass in a carriage. Shak. To tend to, as the scope and ultimate design. Brown. To aim; to strike at with fury. Shak. To distrain. Cleaveland. DRIVE*, drive, n. s. Passage in a carriage. Boswell. To DRIVEL, driv'-vl. 102. v. n. [from drip, drip- pie, dribbel, drivel.] To slaver; to let the spittle fail in drops, like a child, an idiol, or a dotard. Sidney. To be weak or foolish ; to dote. Shakspeare. DRPVEL, driv'-vl. n. s. Slaver ; moisture shed from the mouth. Dryden. A fool j an idiot; a driveller. Sidney. DRIVELLER, driV-vl-ur. n. s. A fool ; an idiot. Swift. DRFVEN, driv'-vn. 103. Participle of drive. DRIVER, drl'-vur. n. s. The person or instrument who gives any motion by violence. One who drives beasts. Sandys. One who drives a car- riage. Dryden. One who considers a thing as his ultimate design. Mountagu. DRFVING*, dri'-ving. n. s. The act of giving mo- tion. 2 Kings, ix. Tendency. Brewer. To DRFZZLE §, driz'-zl. 405. v. a. [driselen, Germ.} To shed in small, slow drops ; as winter rains. Sfuik. To DRFZZLE, driz'-zl. v. n. To fall in short, slow drops. Spenser. DRI'ZZLE*. driz'-zl. n. s. A small rain. DRIZZLING*, driz'-zlfng. n. s. A slow drop. Bale DRIZZLY, driz'-zl-e. a. Shedding small rain. Dry den. DROIL§, dri>il. n.s. [driole, Icel.] One employed in mean labour ; a slave ; a drudge. Beau, and FL To DROIL, dr6il. v. n. To work sluggishly and slowly ; to plod. Spenser. DROLL §, drc-le. 406. n.s. [drole, Fr.] One whose business is to raise mirth by petty tricks ; a jester ; a buffoon. Howell. A farce. Swift. ft^T When this word is used to signify a farce, it is pro- nounced so as to rhyme with doll, loll, fcc. 406. If this wanted proof, we might quote Swift, who was too scru- pulous to rhyme it with extol, if it had not been so pro nounced : " Some as justly fame extols, " For lofty lines in Smithfield drolls." This double pronunciation of the same word to signify different things is a gross perversion of language. Ei- ther the orthography or the pronunciation ought to bo altered. Droll, when signifying a farce, ought either to be pronounced so as to rhyme with hole, or to ba written with only one I. — See Bowl. W. To DROLL, drole. v. n. To jest ; to play the buffoon. Glanville. To DROLL*, drole. v. a. To cheat ; to trick L'Estrange. DRO'LLER*, dr, drum. n. s. [tromme, Dan.] An instrument of military musick. Sliak. The tympanum of the ear. A large concourse of visiters ; now called a rout. Rambler. To DRUM, drum. v. n. To beat a drum. Hill. To beat with a pulsatory motion. Sliak. To tinkle. Brown To DRUM*, drum. v. a. To expel with the sound of a drum. A military expression, signifying the greatest ignominy. Burke. To DRU'MBLE, dr5m'-bl. 405. v. n. To drone ; to be sluggish. S:\akspeare. DRU'MFISH, drunv'-f lsh. n. s. The name of a fish. Woodward. DRU'MLY*, dram'-Ie. a. Thick j stagnant ; muddy. Wodrocphe. DRUMMA'JOR, drum-ma'-jur. n. s. The chief drummer of a regiment. Cleaveland. DRUMMA KER, dr&m'-ma-kur. n. s. He who deals in drums. Mortimer. DRUMMER, drum'-mur. n. s. He whose office it is to beat the drum. SliaJcspeare. DRU'MSTICK, dnW-siik. ' n. s. The stick with which a drum is beaten. Addison. DRUNK, drank, a. Intoxicated with strong liquor ; inebriated. Drijden. Drenched or saturated with moisture. Deut. xxxii. DRUNKARD, drfink'-urd. 88. n. s. One addicted to habitual ebriety. Shakspeare. DRU'NKEN, dronk'-kn. 103. a. [bnuncen, Sax.] In- toxicated with liquor. Shak. Given to habitual ebriety. Sliak. Saturated with moisture. Spenser. Done in a state of inebriation. Sliakspeare. DRUNKENL Y, drunk'-kn-le. ad. In a drunken man- ner. Shakspeare. DRUNKENNESS, dr&nk'-kn-nes. n.s. Intoxication with strong liquor. Bp. Taylor. Habituai ebriety. Walls. Intoxication, or inebriation of any kind. South. DRY 4, cirl. a. [bp.15", bp.1, Sax/j Arid, not wet; not moist. Bacon. Not rainy. Bacon. Not succu- lent; not juicy. Shak. Being A-ithout tears. Dry- den. Thirsty. Shak. Jejune ; barren ; plain ; un- embellished. B. Jonson. Wanting ; barren. Dry- den. Jejune; cold. Lord Clarendon. Sneering; sarcaslieal. Goodman. Hard; severe. Bacon. DRY-FOOT*, chi -tut. n. s. A d()g who pursues the game by the scent of the foot. Shakspeare. To DRY, drl. v. a. To free from moisture. Shak. To exhale moisture. To wipe away moisture. Denha/n. To scorch with thirst. Isa.v. To drain ; to exhaust. Phillips. — To dry up. To deprive totally of moisture. Woodward. To DRY, dri. v.n. To grow dry. Zechariah, x. To DRY-RUB*, dri'-rub. v. a. To make clean with- out wetting. Dodslcy's Poems. DRY'AD*. 'drl'-ad. a s. [Sobs, an oak.] A wood- nvmph. Milton. DRVeR, d.i'-ur. 98. n. s. That which has die quali- ty of absorbing moisture. Temple. DRY'EYED, ctrl'-lde. a. Without tears; without weeping. Milton. DRY FAT*, drl' -fat. n. s. [dry, and pat, Sax.] A large basket, or receiver, in which liquids are not put ; in opposition to mt. Tarleton. DRY'LY, dri'-le. ad. Without moisture. Shakspeare. Coldly ; frigidly ; without affection. Bacon. Je- junely; barrenly; without ornament. Pope. Sly- ly ; sarcastically. DRY'NESS,drl / -nes.«.s. Want of moisture. Brown. Want of succulence. Shak. Exhaustion. Boean. Want of embellishment ; barrenness ; coldness. B. Jonson. Want of sensibility in devotion. Bp. Taylor. DRY'NURSE, drl' -nurse, n. s. A woman who brings up and feeds a child without the breast. Bp. Pat- rick. One who takes care of another. Shakspeare. To DRY'NURSE, dri'-nurse. v. a. To feed with- out the breast. Hudibras. DRYSA'LTER* drl-salt'-fir. n. s. A dealer in salt ed or dried meats, sauces, oils, pickles, and vari- ous other articles. Sir W. Fordi/ce. DRYSHOD, dri' -shod. a. Without wet feet Sidney. DU'AL§, diV-al. a. [dualis, Lai.] Expressing the number two. Lightfoot. DUALITY*, du-ai'-e-te. n.s. That which expresses two in number. Hales. Division ; separation. Davies ToDUii§, dub. v. a. [bubban to pibepe, Sax.j To make a man a knight. Sliak. To confer any kind of dignity or new character. Shakspeare. To DUB*, dub. v. n. To make a quick or brisk noise. Beaumont and Fletcfier. DL'B, dub. n.s. A blow; a knock. Hudibras. DUB*, dflb. «.*. [dob, Irish.] A puddle. DU'BBED*, duty-bed. a. Blunt. DUBIETY*, du-bl'-e-te. n.s. Uncertainty; doubt fulness. Richardson. DUBIOSITY, du-be-6s'-e-le. n.s. A thing doubtful Broicn. DU'BIOUS §,du / -be-us. 542. a. [dubins, Lai.] Doubt ful ; not settled in an opinion. Slienstone. Uncer tain. Denham. Not plain ; not clear. Milton. Hr.v ing the event uncertain. Milton. DUBIOUSLY', du'-be-fis-le. ad. Uncertainly. SicifL i DUBIOUSNESS, diV-be-as-nes. n. s. Uncertainty. i Broome. j DU'BITABLE $, du'-be-ta-bl. a. [dubUo, Lat.] Doubtful ; uncertain. More. DU B1TANCY*, diV-be-tdn-se. n.s. Doubt ; uncer- tainty. Hammond. DUBITA'TION, du-be-ta'-shan. n. s. The act of doubting; doubt. Brown. DU'CAL, du'-kal. a. Pertaining to a duke. j DUCAT, d&k'-k. 90. n. s. A coin struck by dukes-. : in silver worth four shilling's and six-pence ; in gold | nine shillings and six-pence. SliaJcspeare. I DU'CHESS* See Dutchess. | DU'CHY*. See Dutchy. i DUCK 6, dftk. n. s. [ducken, Dutch.] A water fowl, | both wild and tame. Dry den. A word of endear- ment or fondness. Shak. A declination of the head. ' Milton. A stone thrown obliquely on the water so I as to strike it and rebound. Arbuthnot. \ To DUCK, dQk. v. n. To dive under water as a j duck. Spenser. To drop down the head as a duck. Swift. To bow low ; to cringe. Shakspeare. \ To DUCK, duk. v. a. To put under water. Minrrr for Magistrates. iDU'CKER, dfik'-ur. 98. n.s. A diver. Ray. A cringe;-. Beaummd and Fletcher. DU'CKING STOOL, duk'-king-stool. n. s. A chair in which scolds are tied, and put under water. A corruption of cuckingstool. See Cuckingstool. I Dorset. I DUCK LEGGED, dfik'-% ? d. 359. a. Short legged j Dryden. | DUCKLING, duk'-llng. n. s. A young duck ; the brood of the duck. Ray. A word of fondness. Addison. DU'CKMEAT, dfik'-mete. n.s. A common plant growing in standing waters. To DUCKO^Y, dak-hoe', v. a. To entice to a snare Grew. DUCKO'Y, duk-k6e'. n.s. Any means of enticing j and ensnaring. Decay of Piety. ! DUCKS-FOOT, duks'-f&t. n. s. Black snakeroot, or May-apple. CKWEE n. s. The same with DUCKWEED, dGk'-wede. duckmeat. Bacon. DUCT, ciakt. n.s. [ductus, Lat.] Guidance; direc- tion. Hammond. A passage through which any thing is conducted. Addison. DU'CTILES, d&kMil. 140. a. [ductilis,Lse. n. s. [cWe^'a.] A diffi- -cultv of digestion. Did. DY'SPHONY, dis'-fA-ne. n. s. [Swfuvta.'] A diffi- culty in speaking. Diet. DYSPNO EA, d?sp-ne'-a. 92. n. s. [Momon.] A difficulty of breathing. DY'SURY^fzh'-u-re. 450,451,452. n.s. [Svcovpia.] A difficulty in voiding urine. Harvey. #5= The 5 in this word has the fiat aspiration, for the same reason as the s in treasury. — See Disunion. W. EAG EAG EHas two sounds ; long, as scene, and short, as men. E is the most frequent vowel in the English language ; for it not only is used like the rest, but has the peculiar quality of lengthening the foregoing vowel, as can, cane; man, mane. Ea has the sound of e long. EACH §, elsh. 98, 227. pron-. [aeghpilc, aelc, elc] Either of two. Dryden. Every one of any num- ber. Isaiah, xxxv. EA'CHWHERE*, etsh'-hware. ad. Everywhere. Bp. Hall. EAD, [ced, ed.~\ in the compound, and eadig in the simple names, denotes happiness, or blessedness. Gibson-. EA'GERS, e'-g&r. 227. a. [acer, Lat.] Struck with desire ; ardently wishing ; keenly desirous. Dry- den. Hot of disposition 3 vehement ; ardent ; im- petuous. Hooker. Quick ; busy ; easily put in action. Addison. Sharp ; sour ; acid. Sluxk Keen ; severe; biting. Shak. Brittle; inflexible; not duc- tile. Locke. EA'GERLY, e'-gfir-le. ad. With great ardour of de- sire. South. Ardently; hotly. Sluxk. Keenly; sharply. Knolles. EAGERNESS, £ gur-ne"s. n. s. Keenr.css of de- sire ; ardour of inclination. Sluxk. Impetuosity ; vehemence ; violence. Dryden. Tartness ; sour- ness. Barret. EA'GLES, e'-gl. 227, 405. n. s. [aigle, Fr.] A bird of prey. Calmet. The standard of the ancient Ro- mans. Pope. EAGLE-EYED, e'-gl-lde. 282. a. Sharp-sighted as an eagle. Beaumont and Fletcher. EAGLE-SIGHTED 1 *, e'-gl-sl'-ted. a. Having quick sight, like an eagle. Sliakspeare. EAGLE-SPEED, e'-gl-speed. n. s. Swiftness like that of an eagle. Pope. EA'GLESS* e'-gles. n. s. [aiglesse, Fr.] The hen eagle. Shencood. EA'GLESTONE, e'-gl-st&ie. n. s. A stone said to be found at the entrance of the holes in which the eagles make their nests. The eaglesione contains, in a cavity within it, a smafi loose stone, which rattles when it is shaken ; and every fossil, with a nucleus in it, has obtained the name. mi. EA'GLET, e'-glSt. n. s. A young eagle. Davics. EA'GLEWIN&ED*, e'-gl-wing'd. a. Having the wings, as it were, of an eagle. Shakspeare. EA'GRE, e'-g&r. n. s. [ceger, Runick.1 A tide swell 321 EAR EAR 07 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met:— pine, pin ;- ing above another tide, observable in the river Severn. Dryden. EA'LDERMAN. n. s. [ealbepman, Sax.] The name of a Saxon magistrate; alderman. Sadler. EAME, erne. n. s. [earn, Sax.j Uncle. Spenser. 7 T oEAN§*. v. n. [eanian, Sax.] To bring forth young. Used of sheep. Shakspeare. E A'NLING*, een'-lW. n. s. A lamb just dropt. EAR $, eer. 227. n. s. [eape, Sax J The whole organ of hearing. Shak. That part ofthe ear that stands prominent. Sliak. Power of judging of harmony ; the sense of hearing. Sliak. The head; or the person. Knottes. The highest part of a man ; the top. L' Estrange. The privilege of being readily and kindly heard. Bacon. Disposition to like or dislike what is heard; opinion; taste. Denham. Any prominences from a larger body, raised for the sake of holding it. Bp. Taylor. The spike of corn. Bacon. — To be by the ears. To fait togetlw by tlie ears. To go together by the ears. To fight ; to scuffle. More. "To set by the ears. To make strife ; to quarrel. V Estrange. EAR-BORED*, eer'-bord. a. Having the ears per- forated. Bp. Hall. EAR-DEAFENING*, eer'-def-fn-lng. a. Slunning tbe ear with noise. Shakspeare. EAR-LAP*, eer' -lap. n. s. [eap-laeppe, Sax.] The tip ofthe ear. Huloet. EAR-LOCK*, eerM6k. n. s. [eap-locca, Sax.] A curl or twist of the hair, formerly called a love-lock. Prynne. EAR-MARK §*, eV-mark. n.s. A mark on the ear, by which shepherds know their sheep ; figuratively, any distinction. Cox. To EAR-MARK*, eer'-mark. v. a. To mark cattle on the ear. Spenser. EAR-PICK*, eer'-pik. n.s. An instrument by which the ears are cleansed. Huloet. EAR-PIERCING*, ek'-peer'-sfng. a. Affecting the ear with shrill vibrations of sound. Shakspeare. EAR-RING, cer'-rfng. n. s. [eap-phin£, Sax.] Jewels set in a ring and worn at the ears ; orna- ment of a woman's ear. Sandys. EAR-SHOT, eer'-shot. n. s. Reach ofthe ear. Dry- den. EAR-WAX, eer'-waks. n. s. The cerumen or exudation which smears the inside of the ear. Ray. EAR- WIG, eer'-wfg. n. s. [eruca, Lat.] A rfheath- winged insect, imagined to creep into the ear. Drai/ton. A whisperer ; a prying informer. EAR-WITNESS, cer-wit'-nes. n.s. One who at- tests any thing as heard by himself. Hooker. To EAR, eer. 246. v. a. [eare, Norm. Fr.] To till . to plough. Deuteronomy, xxi. To EAR, eer. v. n. To shoot into ears. Sandys. EA'RABLE*, eer'-a-bl. a. Used to be tilled. Bar- ret. , EA'RAL*, eer'-al. a. Receiving by the ear. Heioyt. EA'RED, eerd. 359. a. Having ears, or organs of hearing. Slierwood. Having ears, or ripe corn. Ploughed. Chaucer. EA'RING*, eer'-rllng. n. s. A ploughing of land. Genesis, xlv. EARLy, erl. 234, 237. n. s. [eopl, Sax.] A title of nobility, anciently the highest of this nation, now the third. Shakspeare. EARL-MARSHAL, erl-mar'-shal. n. s. He that has chief care of military solemnities. Dryden. One of the great officers of state in England, whose business is to take cognizance of all matters re- specting honour and arms. EA'RLDOM, erl'-dum. 1G6. n.s. The seigniory of an earl. Spetiser. EA'RLDORMAN*, erl'-d&r-man. n. s. An ealder- man. Burke. EARLES-PENNY*, erlz'-pen-ne. n. s. [arrha, Lat.] Moaev given in part of payment. Ray. EA'RLESS, eer'-les. a. Not inclined to hear ; as if deaf. Brown. Without any ears. Pope. EA'RLINESS, eV-!e-nes. n. s. Quickness of any action with respect to something else. Sidney. EA'RLY^, er'-le. 234. a. [seplice, apbce, Sax.] Soon, with respect to something eke. Shakspeare EA'RLY, er'-le. ad. Soon; betimes. Spenser. To EARN $, em. 234, 371. v. a. [eapnian, Sax.] To gain as the reward or wages of labour, or any per- formance. Bacon. To obtain, as a consequence of action. Sliakspeare. To EARN*, era. v. n. [gerinnen, Germ.] To curdle. To EARN*, era. v. n. feypnan, Sax.] To long for ; to feel anxiety. Spenser. See To\ earn. EA'RNEST$, er'-nest. 234. a. [eopnejfc, Sax.j Ardent in any affection ; warm ; zealous ; impor • tunate. Hooker. Intent ; fixed ; eager. Milton. Serious ; important. Hooker. EA'RNEST, eV-nest. n.s. Seriousness; a serious event, not a jest. Sidney. Pledge ; handsel ; first fruits. Hooker. The money which is given in token that a bargain is ratified. Sliakspeare. EARNESTLY, er'-n&st-le. ad. Warmly; affec- tionately ; zealously. Milton. Eagerly ; desirous- ly. Shakspeare. EA'RNESTNESS, eV-nest-nes. n. s. Eagerness; warmth ; vehemence ; impetuosity. Shak. Solem- nity ; zeal ; seriousness. Atterbury. Solicitude ; care ; intenseness. Dryden. EA'RNFUL*, ern'-ful. a. Fall of anxiety. P. Fletcher. EARNING, era'-lng. n. s. That which is gained as the reward of any labour. Locke. EARSH, ersh. n.s. [from ear, to plough.] Aploughed field. Mai/s Virgil. Ob. J. EARTHS, Zrth. 234,237. n. s. [eapb, eapft, Sax.] The element distinct from air, fire, or water; soil ; terrene matter. Thomson. The terraqueous globe ; the world. Shak. Different modification of terrene matter. Hill. This world, opposed to other scenes of existence. Shak. The inhabitants of the earth. Gen. xi. Country ; distinct region. Dryden. The act of turning up the ground in tillage. Tusser. The earth or hole of a fox or badger. Sherwood. 05= This word is liable to a coarse, vulgar pronuncia- tion, as if written urth. There is, indeed, but. a delicate difference between this and the true sound, but quite sufficient to distinguish a common from a polite speaker. W. To EARTH, frth. v. a. To hide in earth. Fuller To bury; to inter. Shak. To cover with earth. Evelyn. To EARTH, hth. v. n. To retire under ground, Tickell. EA'RTHBAG*, ert/i'-bag. n. s. [In fortification.] A sack filled with sand or earth, to keep off the shot ofthe enemy. EA'RTHBANK*, er^-bank. n. s. [In husbandry.] A fence made of earth and turf. EA'RTHBOARD, er^-b6rd. n. s. The board of the plough that shakes off the earth. Mortimer. EA'RTHBORN, eW-bSrn. a. Born of the earth; terrigenous. Sir J. Davies. Meanly born. Smith. EA'RTHBOUND, er*/i'-b6und. a. Fastened by the pressure ofthe earth. Shakspeare. EA'RTHBRED*, htk '-bred. a. Grovelling; low: abject. Breioer. EA'RTHCREATED*, eW-kre-a'-tgd. a. Formed of earth. Young. EA'RTHEN, h'-tlm. 103. a. Made of earth ; made ofelav. Shakspeare. EATJTHENGENDERED*, erf/i'-en-gen'-derd. a. Bred of earlh. Fanshawe. E A'RTHFED*, ert/i'-fed. a. Low ; abject. B. Jonson EA'RTHFLAX, ertft'-fiaks. n. s. A kind of fibrous fossi 1 . Woodward. EA'RTHINESS, ertfi'-e-nes. n. s. The quality of containing earth ; grossness. More. Intellectual coarseness. Feltham. EA'RTHLINESS*, hth'Ae-nh. n. s. Worldliness. Col. n. s. [ebba, Sax .'J The reflux of the tide towards the sea : opposed to flow. Beaumont and Fletcher. Decline ; decay ; waste. Spenser. To EBB, eb. v. n. To flow back towards the sea Shakspeare. To decline ; to decay 7 . Shakspeare. E'BBING*, eV-bing. n, s. The reflux of the tide to- wards the sea. Huloet. E'BIONITE* e'-be-fin-Ue. \Ebixm, Hebrew.] One of a sect of herelicks who denied the divinity of our Saviour, and asserted that he was a mere man ; and who rejected many pails of Scripture. Whitby. E'BIONlTE*, e'-be-un-ite. a. Relating to the heresy of the Ebionites. Whiston. E'BEN, eV-ben. ~) n. s. [?0evos.J A hard heavy, E'BON, eb'-un. > black, valuable wooa, which E'BONY, eb'-6-ne. ) admits a fine gloss. Moxon. E'BON*, eb'-un. a. Dark ; black. Shak. Made cf ebon}-. Prior. EBRI'ETY, e-brl'-e-te. n. s. [ebrietas, Lat.] Drunk- enness. Brown. EBRLLLADE, e-brll'-lade. n.s. [Fr.] A check of the bridle, which a horseman gives a horse, by a Jerk of one rein, when he refuses to turn. EBRIO'SITY, e-bre-6s'-e-te. n. s. Habitual drunk- enness. Brown. EBULLIENCY §*, e-bul'-yen-se. n. s. \ebullio, Lat.] A boiling over. Cudworth. EBU LLIENT* e-bul'-yent. a. Boiling over. Young. EBULLITION, eb-ul-lish'-un. 177. n.s. The act of boiling up with heat. South. Any intestine mo- tion. Bacon. That effervescence which arises from the mingling together any alkalizate and acid li- quor. Qnincy. ECCE'NTRICK §, Sk-s&i'-trik. ) a. [eccentricus, ECCE'NTRICAL §, ek-sen'-tre-kal. 5 Lat.] Devia- ting from the centre. Not having the same centre with another circle. Milton. Not terminating in the same point. Irregular : anomalous. King diaries. ECCENTRI'CITY, ek-sen-tris'-e-te. n. s. Deviation from a centre. The state of having a different centre from another circle. Brown. Excursion from the proper orb. Wotton. Deviation from es tablished methods ; particularity ; irregularity. Johnson. ECCE'NTRICK*, ek-sen'-tr?k. n. s. A circle not having the same centre with another circle. Boom. That which deviates from usual or common occur rence. Hammond. ECCHY'MOSIS, ek-ke-m6'-sis. 520. n. s Ukvvw 323 *^ ECL EDG EP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m ; echo, Lat.] Echo was j supposed to have been once a nymph, who pined into a sound. Sidney. The return or repercussion of any sound. Bacon. The sound returned. Shak. To E'CHO, 6k'-k6. v. n. To resound ; to give the re- percussion of a voice. SJiak. To be sounded back. Blackmore. To E'CHO, eV-k6. v. a. To send back a voice. De- cay of Piety. ECHOMETER*, e-k6m'-e-tur. n. s. [f, X o S and jii- rpov'.] [In musick.] A kind of scale, serving to meas- ure the duration of sounds. Chambers. ECHOMETRY*, e-kom'-e-tre. n. s. The art of making vaults or arches so as to produce an artifi- cial echo. ECLAIRCV SSEMENT, ek-klare'-siz-ment. n. s. [Fr.] Explanation ; the act of clearing up an affair. Clarendon. $£f This word, though long in use, is not yet naturalized. Every syllable but the last may be perfectly pronounced I by an Englishman who does not speak French ; but this j syllable, having a nasal vowel, not followed by hard c or g^, (see Encore,) is an insuperable difficulty: the nearest sound to it would perhaps be to make it rhyme with long and strong. But a speaker would, perhaps, risk less by pronouncing it like an English word at once, than to imitate the French sound awkwardly. W. ECL A 1 T, e-klaw'. 472. n.s. [Fr.] Splendour ; show ; ECLE'CTlCKy*, ek-lgk'-tik. n.s. [Aftfaui*.] One of those ancient philosophers, who, without attach- ing themselves to any particular sect, took from any what they judged good. Dryden. One of a sect in the Christian church, who considered the doctrine of Plato conformable to the spirit of the Christian. One of a sect of physicians among the ancients. ECLE'CTICK, ek-lek'-rfk. a. Selecting. Watts. ECLE'GM, £k-lem'. n. s. [ek and Xa^etvJ A form of medicine made by the incorporation 01 oils with sirups. Quincy. ECLIPSE §, e-klips'. n. s. [h\uirais.) An obscura- tion of the luminaries of heaven. Lode. Darkness; obscuration. Raleigh. To ECLIPSE, e-klips'. v. a. To darken a luminary. Sandys. To extinguish; to put out. Sfiak. To cloud; to obscure. Sidney. To disgrace. Claren- don. To ECLI'PSE*, e-kllps'. v. n. To suffer an eclipse. Milton. ECLI'PTICK, e-klip'-tlk. n. s. A great circle of the j sphere, supposed to be drawn through the middle 1 of the zodiack, and making an angle with the equinoctial, in the points of aries and libra, oi 23° 30', which is the sun's greatest declination ECLI'PTICK, e-kl?p'-tik. a. Described by the eclip- tiek line. Blackmore. Suffering an eclipse ; ob scured. Sir T. Herbert. E'CLOGUE, ek'-log. 33S. n. s. [i K \ yi,.] A pastoral poem. Sidney. ECONOMICAL, ek-k6-n6m'-e-ki\l. ; a. Pertaining ECONO'MICK, ek'-k6-n6m'-ik.530. \ to the regu- lation of a household. Daries. Frugal. Wotton ECONO'MICKS*, ek-k6-n6m'-?ks. n.s. What apply to the management of household affairs. Wotton. ECONOMIST*, e-kon'-6-m?st. n. s. One who is a good manager of affairs; frugal and discreet. Wot- ton. To ECONOMIZE*, e-kon'-6-mlze. v. a. To employ with economy. ECONOMY v , e-kon'-6-me. 296, 518. n.s. [ohovofxla.] The management of a family. Bp. Taylor. Dis tribution of expense. Dnjden. Frugality; discre- tion of expense. Swift. Disposition of things; reg- ulation. Hammond. The disposition or arrange- ment of any work. B. Jonson. System of matter. Blackmore. ECPHRA'CTlCKS^k-frak'-tiks. n.s. [?« and . v. a. [educo, Lat.] To bring out ; to extract. Bp. Hall. EDUCTION, e-duk'-shun. n. s. The act of bring- ing any thing into view, or bringing out. Slwrvcood. ToEDU'LCORATES, e-dul'-k6-rate. v. a. [did coro, Lat.] To sweeten. Evelyn. EDULCORATION, e-dul-ko-ra'-shun. n.s. The act of sweetening. [In chymistry.] The freshen- ing or purging any thing of its salts, by repeated lotions. Cliambers. [In metallurgy.] The sepa- rating the salts that have been left adhering to a bodv after any operation. Cliambers. EDIPLCORATIVE*, e-d&l'-k6-ra-tlv. a. Having the quality of sweetening. EDU'LIOUS*, e-dul'-yus. a. [edulium, Lat.] Eata- ble. Sir T. Brown. To EEK, eek. v. a. [eacan, Sax.] To supply any deficiency. To make bigger by the addition of in- other piece. Spenser. See Eke. EE'KKNG*, eek'-ing. n.s. Augmentation. Spenser. EEL, eel. n. s. [oel, Sax.] A serpentine, slimy fish, that lurks in mud. Sliakspeare. EE'LPOUT*, eel'-p6ut. n.s. A fish of the eel kind; a burbot. E r EN, een. ad. Contracted from even. EFF, ef. n. s. A small lizard. ETFABLE, ef-fa-bl. 405. a. [effabilis, Lat.] Ex- pressive; ulterable. Wallis. To EFFACE, ef-fase'. v. a. [effacer, Fr.] To de- stroy any thing painted or carved. To blow out ; to strike out. Locke. To destroy; to wear away. Dryden. $5= The strong tendency of the vowel to open, when it terminates a syllable, immediately before the accent, . makes us frequently hear the e in these words, when the accent is on the second syllable, pronounced as open as if there were but one/. The same may be observed of the o in occasion, offence, official, &c. This is cer- tainly a deviation from rule; but it is so general, and so agreeable to the ear, as to be a distinguishing mark of elegant pronunciation. W. ToEFFA'SCINATES*, ef-f as'-se-nate. v. a. To bewitch ; to charm. Cockeram. EFFASCFNATION*, ef-fas-se-na'-shun. n.s. Tbe state of being bewitched or deluded. Shelford. EFFECT $, ef-fekt'. 93. n. s. {effectus, Lat.] That which is produced by an operating cause. Sidney. Consequence; event. Bacon. Purpose; meaning; general intent. 2 Chron. Consequence intended ; success. Gal. v. Completion ; perfection. Sidney. Reality. Hooker. In the plural : goods; mova- bles. Sliakspeare. [To EFFECT, ef-feKt'. v. a. To bring to pass. 2 Chron. vii. To produce as a cause. Boyle. EFFECTER*. See Effector. EFFECTIBLE, ef-fek'-te-bl. a. Performable ; prac- ticable ; feasible. Brown. EFFECTION*, ef-fek'-shfin. n.s. [In geometry.] A construction ; a proposition ; a problem, or prax- is, drawn from some general proposition. Ash. EFFECTIVE, ef-fek'-uV. a. Having the power to produce effects ; efficacious; effectual. Bacon. Ope- rative; active. Brown. Producing effects ; efficient. Bp. Taylor. Having the power of operation ; use- ful : as, effective men in an army. EFFECTIVELY, ef-feV-tlv-le. ad. Powerfully; with real operation. Bp. Taylor. EFFECTLESS, ef-fekt'-les. a. Without effect ; im- potent; useless. Sliakspeare. EFFECTOR, ef-fek'-tur. 166. n. s. He that pro- duces any effect; performer. Spenser. Maker j Creator. Derham. EFFECTUAL, ef-fek'-tshu-al. 463. a. Productive of effects; powerful to a degree adequate to the EFF EGE [£F 559.— Fate, far, fall, fit ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;— occasion ; efficacious. Hooker. Veracious ; ex- pressive of facts. Sliakspeetre. EFFECTUALLY, emkMshu-al-le. ad. In a man- ner productive of the consequence intended} effi- caciously. South. EFFECTUALNESS*, Sf-feV-tshu-al-nes. n.s. The quality of being effectual. Scott. To EFFECTUATE, Mk'-tshu-ate. v. a. To ormg to pass ; to fulfil. Sidney. EFFECTUOUS*, Mk'-tshu-fts. a. Effectual. Bar- ret. Ob. T. EFFECTUOUSLY*, Mk'-tshu-fis-le. ad. Effect- ually. Stapletan. Ob. T. EFFEMINACY, Mm'-e-na-se. n.s. Admission of the qualities of a woman; softness; unmanly delicacy. Milton. Lasciviousness ; loose pleasure. Bp. Taylor. EFFE'MINATEMf-fem'-e-nate. 91. a. [effemina- tus, Lat.] Having the qualities of a woman; wo- manish ; voluptuous ; tender. Bacon. Resembling the practice of a woman. Sliak. Womanlike. Slvak- speare. To EFFEMINATE, ef-feW-e-nate. 91, 98. v. a. To make womanish ; to weaken ; to emasculate ; to unman Fanskawe. To EFFE'MINATE, eT-feV-e-nate. v. n. To grow womanish ; to soften ; to melt into weakness. Pope. EFFE'MINATELY*, eY-fem'-e-nate-le. ad. Weak- ly ; softly ; in an unmanly degree. Wliitlock. By womanish arts. Milicm. EFFEMINATENESS*, eY-feW-e-nate-nes. n. s. Unmanly softness. Sidney. EFFEMINA'TION, ef-fem-e-na'-shun. n. s. The state of one grown womanish; the stale of one emasculated or unmanned. Brown. To EFFERVESCE §, ef-fer-veV. v.n. [effervesco, Lat.] To generate heat bv intestine motion. Mead. EFFERVESCENCE, ef-fe 5 r-ves'-sense. 510. n. s. The act of growing hot ; production of heat by in- testine motion. Grew. E'FFEROUS*, ef-fe-rus. a. [effents, Lat.] Fierce; wild; savage. Bp. Kins;. Ob. T. EFFETE, ef-fete'. a. [efcetus, Lat.] Barren ; dis- abled irom generation." Ray. Worn out with age. South. EFFICACIOUS §, ef-fe-ka'-shus. a. [ef/.cace, Fr.] Productive of effects; powerful to produce the con- sequence intended. Milton, EFFICACIOUSLY, ef-fe-ka'-sh&s-le. ad. Effect- ually. Digby. EFFICACIOUSNESS*, ef-fe-ka'-shus-ne's. n. s. The quality of being efficacious. Ash. EFFICACY, eF-fe-ka-se. n.s. Power to produce effects; production of the consequence intended. Hooker. EFFICIENCE, eT-f?sh'-yense. ) 98. n. s. [efficio, EFFICIENCY, ef-f ish'-yen-se. \ Lat.] The act of producing effects ; agency. Hooker. EFFICIENT, ef-flsh'-yent. n. s. The cause which makes effects to be what they are. Hooker. He that makes; the effector. Hale. EFFICIENT, M-f Ish'-yent.. 113. a. Causing ef- fects. Collier. EFFICIENTLY*, ef-fish'-yent-le. ad. Effectively. Soidh. To EFFIE'RCE* ef-feerse'. v. a. To make fierce or furious. Spenser. To EFFICIATE $, ef-ffa'-je-ate. v. a. [effigio, Lat.] To form in semblance ; to image. Dean King. EFFIGIA'TION, eT-fid'-je-a'-shun. n. s. The 'act of imaging. Diet. FI-TICIES, ef-fid'-jes. )n. s. [effigies, Lat.] Re- E'FFIGY, ef-fe-je. S semblance; image in painting or sculpture. Dryden.. To EFFLA'GITATE*, ef-nad'-je-tate. v. a. [effla- gito, Lat.] To demand a thing earnestly. Cockeram. To EFFLA'TE*, eT-flate'. v. a. [efflo, Lat.] To fill with the breath; to puff up. Sir T. Herbert. EFFLORESCENCE, ef-fli-reV-sgnse. >510. n.s. EFFLORESCENCY, eY-fl6-reV-sen-se. \ Wores- co, Lat.] Production of flowers. Bacon. Excres- cences in the tbrm of flowers Woodward. [In physick.] The breaking out of some humours in the skin. Wiseman. EFFLORESCENT, ef-fto-reV-sgnt. a Snooting ou* in form of flowers. Woodward. EFFLUENCE §, eY-flu-§nse. n.s. [effluence, Fr.] That which issues from some other principle. Milton. EFFLUENT*, ef-flu-ent. a. Inflammatory. Chamb EFFLU'VIA, ef-flu'-ve-a. ) n. s. Those small EFFLU'VIUM, ef-flu'-ve-um. \ particles which are continually flying off from bodies. Brown. E'FFLUX, ef'-fl&ks. 492. n. s. The act of flowing out. Harvey. Effusion ; flow. Hammond. That which flows from something else ; emanation. More. 7'oEFFLU'X, ef-fl&ks'. 98. v.n. To run out; to flow away. Boyle. EFFLUXION, ef-fl&k'-shfin. n. s. The act of flow ing out. Brown. Effluvium ; emanation. Bacon ToEFFO'RCE, ef-fo-rse'. v. a. [e /forcer, Fr.] To force; to break through by violence. Spenser. To ravish; to violate by force. Spenser. To strain Spenser. To EFFO'RM§, ef-f6W. v. a. [efformo, Lat.] To make in any certain manner; to shape; to fashioa. Bp. Taylor. EFFORMA/TION, ef-fSr-ma'-shun. n. s. Fashion ing or giving form to. More. E'FFORT, er-f6rt. n. s. Struggle ; strain; vehement action ; laborious endeavour. Addison. EFFOSSION, ef-fdsh'-un. it. s. [effodio, Lat.] Dig- ging up from the ground ; deterration. ArbuthnoL EFFRATABLE*, ef-fra'-a-bl. a. [effroyable, Fr.] Dreadful; frightful. Harveij. Ob. T. To EFFRA'Y ?*, ef-fra'. v. a. [effrayer, Fr.] To af fright ; to scare. Spenser. EFFRENA'TION*, ef-fre-na'-shun. n. s. [efrcena- tio, Lat.] Unruliness ; unbridled rashness. Cocke- ram. EFFRONTERY, ef-fnV-ter-e. n.s. [effronterU, Fr.] Impudence; shamelessness. Waits. To EFFU'LGE §, eY-f&lje'. v. n. [effidgeo, Lat.] To send forth lustre or effulgence. Thomson. EFFULGENCE, ef-ful'-jense. 98, 177. n.s. Lustre* brightness. Milion. EFFU'LGENT, ef-ful'-jent. a. Shining ; bright ; lu- minous. Blackvwre. To EFFU'ME §*, eT-fime'. v. a. [fumirs, Lat.] To breathe or puff out. B. Jonson. » EFFUMABI'LITY, ef-fu-ma-bll'-e-te. n. s. The quality of flying away, or vapouring in fumes. Boyle. To EFFU'ND*, ef-f&nd'. v. a. [effundo, Lat.] To pour out. More. Ob. T. To EFFUSE §,ef-ftW. 437. v. a. [efusus, hat] To pour out ; to spill ; to shed. Miliori. EFFUSE, ef-fiW. n.s. Waste, effusion. ShaL Ob. J. EFFUSE*, ef-ftW. a. Dissipated; extravagant. Bp. Richardson. ■ EFFUSION, eT-fiV-zhun. 98. n. s. The act of pour- ing.out. Shak. Waste; the act of spilling »r shed- ding. Hooker. The act of pouring out words. Hooker. Bounteous donation. Hammond. The thing poured out. K. Charles. EFFUSIVE, eT-fiV-slv. 499, 428. a. Pouring out dispersing. Thomson. EFr, eft. n. s. [epeta, SaxJ A newt. EFT §, eft. ad. [erfc, Sax.] Soon; quickly. Spenser. Ob. J. E'FTSOONS, eft-soonz'. ad. [epfc and joon,Sax.] Soon afterwards ; in a short time ; again. Spenser. Ob. J. E. G. [exempli gratia.] For the sake of an instance or example. E'GER, e'-gfir. n. s. An impetuous or irregular flood or tide. Brown. To EGE'RMINATE*, e-jer'-me-nate. v.n. [eger mino. LatJ To spring or bud out. Ccckeram. ToEGESTS, e-j&st'. v. a. [egero, Lat.] To throw out food at the natural vents. Bacon. EGESTION, e-jeV-tshfin. 464. n. s. Throwing oal the digested food at the natural vents. Fotherbi*. 5 326 EIG ELA — no, m6ve, n6r, n5t ; — tibe, tub, bull ;— 5)1 ; — pound ; — thin, thjs. EGG$, eg. n. s. fcetf, Sax.] That which is laid by feathered and some other animals, from which their young is produced. Baron. The spawn or sperm. Shak. Any thing fashioned in the shape of an egg. Boyle. To EGG, £g. v. a. [ eggia, Icelandick.] To incite; to instigate. Chaucer. E'GGER*, e'g'-gfir. n. s. One who incites. Sherwood. E'GGERY* eg'-g^e-re. See Eyry. E'GGING*, eg'-ging. n. s. Incitement. Cleaveland. EGILO'PICAL*, e-je-lop'-e-kal. a. [cegilops, Lat.] Affected with the aegilops, or tending to it. E'GILOPS*. See^ciLOPS. E'GIS* SeeiEcis. EGLANTINE, eg'-lan-tin. 150. n. s. [esglantier, Fr.] A species of rose j sweet-briar. Sluikspeare. E'GLOGUE*. See tEglogue. E'GOISM*, e'-g6-?zm. ) n. s. [ego. Lat.] The E'GOMISM*, e -g6-m?zm. ) opinion of those, who profess themselves uncertain of every thing but their own existence. Baxter. E'GOIST*, e'-g6-lst. n. s. A skeptick ; one who pre- tends to doubt of every thing but his own existence. Reid. EGOTISM, e'-gi-tlzm. n. s. The fault committed in writing by the frequent repetition of the word ego, or I; too frequent mention of a man's self. Spectator. frjT Contrary to my own judgement, I have made the e in the first syllable of this word long, because I see it is uniformly so marked in all the dictionaries I have seen: but I am much mistaken if analogy does not in time recover her rights, and shorten this vowel by join- ing it to the g, as if written eg-o-tism ; not because this vowel is short in the Latin ego, (for the English quan- tity has very little to do with the Latin,) but because the word may be looked upon as a simple in our lan- guage, and the accent is on the antepenultimate sylla- ble. Mr. Elphinston, whose opinion in this point is of the greatest weight, makes the first vowel short. — See Principles, No. 511, 530, 53S. TV. E'GOTIST, e'-go-tfo. n.s. One that is always re- peating the word ego, I; a talker of himself. Sped. EGOTFSTICAL*, e-g6-uV-te-kal. a. Self-conceit- ed. To EGOTIZE, e'^-tlze. v.n. To talk much of one's self. EGREGIOUS $, e-gre'-je-us. a. [egregius, Lat.] Eminent; remarkable; extraordinary. Raleigh. Eminently bad; remarkably vicious. Hooker. EGREGIOUS LY, e-gre'-je-fis-le. ad. Eminently; shamefully. Shakspeare. EGREGIOUSNESS*, e-gre'-je-us-nls. n. s. The state of being eminent. Sherwood. EGRESS, e'-gres. n. s. [egressus, Lat.] The power or act of going out of any place ; departure. Slia/c. EGRE'SSION, e-gresh'-un. n. s. The act of going out. B. Jonson. EGRET, e'-gret. n. s. A fowl of the heron kind. Bailey. A feather of the fowl. B. Jonson. EGRIMONY*, eg'-re-mfin-ne. n. s. The herb agri- mony. Cotgrave. Great sorrow ; grief. Cockeram. EGRIOT, e'-gre-dt. n. s. [aigret, Fr.] A species of cherrv. Bacon. EGYPTIANS*, e-jV-she-ans. n. s. [from Egypt] Gipsies. Sherwood. ELDER*, I'-dur. 7 n. s. [eider, Swed.] EFDER-DOWN*, J'-d&r-dSun. $ The down of a Gothland duck, called eider. Pennant. ETGH, ay. inter j. An expression of sudden delight EIGHT*, ayt. n. s. [i^'S'aS, Sax.] An island in a river. Evelyn. EIGHT§, ayt. a. [eahfea, Sax.] Twice four. A word of number. Sandys. O^p" The genuine sound of the diphthong in this word and its compounds does not seem to be that of the first sound of a, which Mr. Sheridan has given it under the second eound of e, but a combination of the first sound of a and c pronounced as closely together as possible. Bat, a3 this distinction is very delicate, and may not be more easily apprehended than that between meat and meet, 246, I have given the diphthong the same sound as Mr. Sheridan has doue. W. [ei j-il, Sax.] Vinegar ; verjuice. EIGHTH, ayuVi. a. [ehfceoSa, Sax.] Next in order to the seventh ; the ordinal of eight. Sliak- speare. 5£r This word, as it is written, by no means conveys th« sound annexed to it in speaking: for the abstract ter- mination th, being a perfect lisp, is quite distinct from the final t. of eight, and can never coalesce with it with- out depriving the word of one of its letters. The only sound conveyed by the letters of this word, as now spelt, is as if written ayth: and if we would spell this soun*. as we pronounce it, and as the analogy of formation certainly requires, we must necessarily write it eightth This would have an unusual appearance to the eye; and this would be a sufficient reason with the multitude for opposing it; but men of sense ought to consider, that the credit of the language is concerned in rectify ing this radical fault in its orthography. W. EIGHTEEN, ay'-leen. a. Twice nine. Shakspeare. EIGHTEENTH, ay'-teentfi. a. The nest in order to the seventeenth. 1 Kings. EIGHTFOLD, ayt'-fold. a. Eight times the number or quantity. EIGHTHLY, ayu7i'-le. ad. In the eighth place. Ba- con. EFGHTIETH, ay'-te-M. a. The next in order Jo the seventv-ninth. Wilkins. EIGHTSCORE, ayt / -sk6re. a. Eight times twenty. Shakspeare. EIGHTY, ay'-te. a. Eight times ten. Shakspeare. > EIGNE, ane. a. [aisne, Fr.] [In law.] The eldest or j first born. Bacon. IE1LD*. See Eld. EFSEL, e'-s?l. Sir T. More EFTHER, e'-THur. pron. [e#3en, Sax.] Which- soever of the two ; whether one or the other. Shak. Each ; both. Hale. Any of an indeterminate num- ber. Bacon. EFTHER, e'-THur. 252. ad. A distributive adverb, answered by or ; either the one or. It sometimes stands by itself, in the sense of or. Bacon. To EJACULATE §, e-jak'-u-late. v. a. [ejaculcr, Lat.] To throw ; to shoot ; to dart out. Grew. EJACULATION, e-jak-u-la'-shun. n. s. The act of clr.rting or throwing out. Bacon. A short prayer darted out occasionally. Bp. Taylor. EJAGULATORY,e-jak'-u-la-tur-e. a. Throwing out. Smith. Suddenly darted out ; uttered in short sentences. Dujypa. Sudden; hasty. U Es- trange. To EJEGT§, e-jekt'. v. a. [ejicio, ejectnm, Lat.] Te throw out ; to cast forth ; to void. Sandys. To throw out or expel from an office or possession Milton. To expel ; to drive away. Shakspeare. To cast away ; to reject. Hooker. EJECTION, e-jeV-shfin. n. s. Casting out ; expul- sion. Bp. Hall. [In physickj The discharge of anv thing by an emunctory. Quincy. EJECTMENT, e-jekt'-ment. n. s. A legal writ by which any inhabitant of a house, or tenant of an es- tate, is commanded to depart. Expulsion in gen- eral. Bp. Fleetwood. EJULA'TION, gd-ju-la'-shun. n. s. [ejulatio, Lat.] Outcry ; lamentation ; moan ; wailing. Government of the Tongue. To EKE§, eke. v. a. [eacan, Sax.] To increase. Shak. To supply ; to fill up deficiencies. Shak, To protract ; to lengthen. Sliak. To spin out by useless additions. Pojie. EKE, eke. conjunct, [eac, Sax.] Also ; likewise ; be- side ; moreover. Spenser. EKE*, eke. n. s. An addition. Geddes. E'KING*, e'-kfng. n. s. Increase. E-LA*, e-la/. n. s. The highest note in the scale of musick. To ELABORATE $, e-lab'-o-rale. v. a. [elaboro, Lat.] To produce with labour. Young. To heighten and improve by successive endeavours or operations. Arhuthnot. ELABORATE, e-lab'-6-rate. 91. a. Finished with great diligence. MUton. ELABORATELY, e-lab'-o-rate-le. ad. Laborious ly ; with great study or labour. South. 327 ELE ELE r [CF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— ELABORATENESS*, e-lab'-o-rate-nes. rt.s, Com- pletion by successive endeavours. Johnson. ELABORATION, e-l&b-o-ra'-shfin. n.s. Improve- ment by successive operations. Ray. ELA'BORATORY*, e-lab^-ra-tur-e. n. s. [elabo- ratoire, Fr.l A ehymist's work-room. Life of A. Wood. ELA'MPING^e-lamp'-mg.a. [lampante.llal] Shin- ing; giving light. G. Fktclier. Ob. T. To ELA'NCE, e-lanse'. v. a. [dancer, Fr.] To throw out ; to dart. Prior. ToELATSE, e-lapse'. v.n. [elapsus, Lat.] To pass away ; to glide away. Richardson. ELA'STlCALS.e-las'-te-kal. )a. [JAa'w.] Having ELA'STICK^, e-las'-tTk. \ the power of re- turning to the form, from which it is distorted or withheld j springy ; having the power of a spring. Newton. ELASTICITY, e-las-ds'-e-te. n.s. Force in bodies, by which they endeavour to restore themselves to the posture from whence they were displaced by any external force. Arbuthnot. ELA'TE§, e-late'. a. [datus, Lai.] Flushed with suc- cess ; lofty ; haughty. Chaucer. To ELA'TE, Mate', v. a. To elevate with success ; to puff up with prosperity. Hume. To exalt ; to heighten. Thomson. ELA'TEDLY*, e-la'-teM-Je. ad. In a conceited man- ner, arising from success. Feltham. ELATE' • RlUM,&A-\h' -rk-bm. n.s. [Lat.] An in- spissated juice, procured from the fruit of the wild cucumber; a very violent purge. Hill. ELA'TION, e-la'-shun. n. s. Haughtiness proceeding from success. Atlerbury. E'LBOWS, el'-bo. 327. n.s. [elbo^a, Sax.] The next joint or curvature of the arm below the shoul- der. Pope. Any flexure, or angle. Bacon. — To be at the elbow. To be near. Shakspeare. To E'LBOW, el'-bo. v. a. To push with the elbow. Dryden. To push ; to drive to a distance. Shak- speare. To E'LBOW, ^l / -b6. v.n. To jut out in angles. Did. To clash; tojustle; to be quarrelsome. Manny ng- ham. ELBOWCHA'IR, el-b6-tshare'. n. s. A chair with arms to support the elbows. Gay. E'LBOWROOM, el'-bo-rodm. n.s. Room to stretch out the elbows on each side ; freedom from confine- ment. Siiakspeare. ELD§, 3ld. n. s. [ealb, Sax.] Old age ; decrepitude. Spenser. Old people ; persons worn out with years. Chapman. E'LDER, e7-dur. 93. a. Surpassing another in years. Hooker. E'LDERS. el'-durz. n. s. plur. Persons whose age gives them a claim to credit and reverence. 1 Tim. v. Ancestors. Pope. Those who are older than others. Spenser. [Among the Jews.] Rulers of the people. [In the New Testament.] Ecclesias- ticks. [Among Presbyterians.] Laymen introduc- ed into the kirk-polity. Cleavelccnd. E'LDER, cK-dur. 98. n.s. [ellaj-a, Sax.] The name of a tree. Miller. E'LDERLY, el'-dur-le. a. Bordering upon old age. Swift. E'LDERSHIP, el'-dur-shrp. n. s. Seniority ; primo- geniture. Raleigh. Presbytery; ecclesiastical senate. Hooker. E'LDEST, el'-dest. a. The oldest ; that has the right of primogeniture. Shak. The person that has lived most years. Locke. E'LDING*, eT-ding. n.s. [aeleb, Sax. fire.] Wood and sticks for burning ; fuel. Grose. ELECAMPA'NE^l-e-kam-pane'. n.s. A plant; starwort. Miller. To ELECT §, e-l£kt'. v. a. [eleclus, Lat.] To choose for any office or use. Daniel. [In theology.] To select as an object of eternal mercy. Burnet. ELECT, e-l£kt'. a. Chosen ; taken by preference from among others. Shak. Chosen to an office, not yet in possession. Ayliffe. [In theology.] Chosen as an object of eternal mercy. Milton. ELECTANT*,e-lek'-tant. n.s. One who has the fower of choosing. Search. ECTARYt,e-lek'-ta-re.n. s. A form of medi- cine made of conserves and powders, of the con- sistence ol honey. #y* This is an alteration of the word electuary, which has iaken place within these few years ; and, it must be owned, is an alteration for the better ; for, as there ia no u in the Latin electarium, there can be no reason for inserting it in our English word, which is derived from it. W. ELECTION, e-leV-shfin. n.s. [eleciio, Lat.] The act of choosing; choice. Milton. The power of choice. Davies. Voluntary preference. Rogers.. Discernment; distinction. Bacon. [In theology.] The predetermination of God by which any were selected for eternal life. Aiterbury. The ceremony of a publick choice. Addison. ELECTIONEERING*, e-lek'-shfin-eer'-mg. n. s The practices used at the election of a member for farliament. Warton. A low word. ECT1VE, e-lek'-tlv. a. Regulated or bestowed bv choice. Bacon. Exerting the power of choice. Grew. ELECTIVELY, e-lek'-t?v-le. ad. By choice; with preference of one to another. Ray. ELECTOR, e-lek'-tfir. 98. n. s. He that has a vote in the choice of any officer. Waller. A prince who has a voice in the choice of the German em- perour. ELECTORAL, e-lek'-t6-ral. a. [from eledor.] Hav- ing the dignity of an elector. Burke. ELECTORA'LITY*, e-lek-to-ral'-e-te. n.s. The territory of an elector. Treaty in Wotton 7 s Rem. ELECTORATE, e-leV-to-rate. 91. n.s. The terri* tory of an elector. Addison. ELECTORESS*, e-lek'-to-res. ) n. s. The wife or ELECTRESS, e-lek'-tres. \ widow of an elector. Burnet. ELECTRE, e-leV-tur. 98, 416. n.s. [elecirum, Lai.] Amber ; which, having the quality, when warmed by friction, of attracting bodies, gave to one species of attraction the name of electricity ; and, to the bodies that so attract, the epithet dectrick. A mixed metal. Bacon. ELECTRICAL §, e-lek'-tre-kal. ) a. Attractive ELECTRICK §, e-lek'-trfk. \ without mag- netism ; attractive by a peculiar property, supposed once to belong ehieiiy to amber. Brown. Produc- ed bv an electrick body. Brown. ELECTRICIAN*, e-lek-trlsh'-fin. n. s. One who is skilled in the theory of electricity. Wilson. ELECTRICITY, e-l&c-trfs'-e-te. n. s. The name of an unknown natural power, which produces a great variety of peculiar and surprising phenomena. See Aiviber. To ELECTRIFY*, e-lek'-tre-f 1. v. a. To rende? electrick ; to communicate electricity. Hales. To ELECTRIZE*, e-leV-trlze. v. a. To attract by a peculiar property. History of the Royal So- cietu. ELECTRO'METER*, e-lgk-tr&m'-e-tfir. n. s. [Ae*. rpov and fiirpov.] An instrument for measuring the quantity, and determining the quality, of electricity in any electrified body. Chambers. ELECTUARY, e-lek'-tshu-ar-e. n. s. [dectarium. Lat.] A form of medicine made of conserves and powders, in the consistence of honey. Quincy. See Electary. ELEEMOSYNARY, eJ-e-m&z'-e-nar-e. a. Living upon alms ; depending upon charity. W T arton. Given in charity. Stephens. ELEEMO'SYNARY*, &-e-m6z^-e-nar-e. n. s. One who subsists upon alms or charity. South. E'LEGANCE. el'-e-ganse. ) n. s. Beauty without ET.EGANCY', eT-e-gan-se. S grandeur. Raleigh. Any thing that pleases by its nicety. Bp. Taylor. E'LEGANTS, e7-e-gant. a. [elegans, Lat.] Nice; accurate in discerning. Milton. Pleasing by mi- nuter beauties. Pojie. Nice; not coarse; not E-oss. Pope. EGANTLY. el'-e-gant-le. ad. In such a manner 328 ELE ELL -116, move, nSr, n6t ;— tube, tfih, bull ;— oil ;— pfiiind ; — 1h'm, thi as to please. Milton. Neatly ; nicely ; with minute beauty. Bacon. ELEGI'ACAL*. el-e-jl'-a-kal. a. Belonging to an elegv. Cotgrare. ELEGFACK, ei-e-jl'-ak. a. Used in elegies. Phil- lips. Pertaining to elegies. Ld. Chesterfield. Mournful 5 sorrowful. Gay. 05= Our own analogy would lead us to place the accent upon the second syllable of this word, [Perry and Web- ster do so place it.] but its derivation from the Latin elegiacus, and the Greek eXsyeidnos, (in both which the antepenultimate is long,) obliges us, under pain of ap- pearing grossly illiterate, to place the accent on the same letter. But it may be observed, that we have scarcely an instance in trie whole language of adopting a Latin or Greek word, and curtailing it of a syllable, without removing the accent higher on the English word. — See Academy. W. ELEGFACK* el-e-jl'-ak. n. s. Elegiack verse. Warton. ELEGI'AST* el-e-ji'-ast. ) n.s. A writer of elegies. E'LEGIS'l^.eF-e-jist. S Goldsmith. ELEGY y.eF-e-je. n.s. [eieyos.] A mournful song. Shale. A funeral song. Dryden. A short poem without points or affected elegancies. Shenstone. ELEGIT*, el-e'-jit. n. s. [Lat.] [In law.] A writ so called. Burke. ELEMENTS, eF-e-ment. n. s. [elementum, Lat.] Tiie first or constituent principle of any thing. Hooker. The four elements, usually so called, are earth, fire, air, water. Shak. The proper habita- tion or sphere of any thing. Shak. An ingredi- ent } a constituent part. Shak. The letters of any language. The lowest or first rudiments of litera- ture or science. Hooker. To ELEMENT, eF-e-ment. v. a. To compound of elements. Boyle. To constitute ; to make as a first principle. Donne. ELEMENTAL, el-e-meV-tal. a. Produced by some of the four elements. Milton. Arising from first £rinciples. Brown. Rude; elementary. Burke. EMENTALITY*, el-e-men-tal'-e-le. n. .?. Com- position ; combination of ingredients. Whitlock. ELEMENT A'RITY, el-e-men-tar'-e-te. n.s. The simplicity of nature ; absence of composition ; being uncompounded. Brown. ELEME'NTARY^l-e-m^n'-tar-e. a. Uncompound- ed j having only one principle or constituent part. Ray. Initial; rude. B. Jonson. Of or belonging to the elements. Harmar. ELE'Ml.e-le'-me. n.s. A drug brought from Ethiopia. Hill. ELE'NCHy, e-lensh'. n.s. [elenchus, Lat.] An argu- ment; a sophism. Brown. To ELE'NCHIZE*, e-leV-tshke. v. n. To dispute. B. Jonson. ELE'NCHTICAL*, e-lensh'-te-kal. a. Serving to confute. Wilkins. ELE'OTS, e-le'-uts. n. s. Apples in request in the cider countries. Mortimer. E'LE N G E*. See E l l 1 n g e . ELEPHANT v , el'-e-far.t. n. s. [elephas, Lat.] The largest of quadrupeds, of whose sagacity, faithful- ness, and understanding, many surprising relations are given. His teeth are the ivory. Shakspeare. Ivory; the teeth of elephants. Dn/cten. ELEPHANTIASIS, el-e-fan-tl'-a-sis.».,s. [elephan- tiasis; Lat.] A species of leprosy, so called from in- crustations like those on the hide of an elephant. Fuller. ELEPHA'NTINE, el-e-fan'-tm. 140. a. Pertaining to the elephant. To ELEVATE y , el'-e-vate. 91. v. a. [elevo, Lat.] To raise up aloft. Shak. To exalt ; to dignify. Slienstone. To raise with great conceptions. Locke. To elate with vicious pride. Milton. To lessen by detraction : not in use. Hooker. ELEVATE, eF-e-vate. 91. part. a. Exalted ; raised aloft. Milton. Raised with great conceptions. Milton. ELEVA'TION, eFc-va'shfin. n. s. The act of raising aloft. Woodward. Exaltation; dignity Locke. Exaltation of the mind by noble conceptions. Nor- ris. Exaltation of style. Walton. Attention to objects above us. Hooker. The height of any heavenly body with respect to the horizon. Brown. ELEVATOR," el'-e-va-tfir. 321, 1G6. n.s. A raiser or lifter up. Quincij. ELE' VE*, el-ive 7 . n.s. Literally, a scholar or dis- i ciple ; one who has studied under a particular mas- I ter. Ld. Chesterfield. One brought up, or protected. j by another. Florio. LLE'VENy, e-leV-vn. 103. a. [senblepen, Sax.] ! Ten and one.- Shakspeare. I ELE'VENTH, e-lev'-vnf/i. a. The next in order to the tenth. Raleigh. , ELFy, elf. n. s. plural elfs and elves, [eilf. Welsh.] A j wandering spirit, supposed to be seen in wild, un- [ frequented places ; a fairy. Shak. A devil. Dry- 1 den. A dwarf, or little person. Shenstone. \ To ELF, elf. v. a. To entangle hair in so intricate a manner, that it is not to be unravelled. Shakspeare. [ELF-LOCK, elf-iok. n.s. Hair twisted by elves; a common superstition. Shakspeare. ' ELFIN, eF-fln. a. Relating to fairies ; elfish. Spm- j ser. \ ELFIN* el'-fm. n. s. A child ; an urchin. Shenstone. ELFISH*, el'-f ish. a. Relating to elves or demons. Warton. To ELI'CIT §, e-hV-su. v. a. [elicio, Lat.] To strike ■ out ; to fetch out b} T labour or art. Hale. ' ELI'CIT, e-lls'-slt. a. Brought into act. Hammond. I To ELI'CIT ATE* e-Hs'-e-tatc. «. a. To elicit. More. \ ELICITATION, e-lls-se-taZ-shfin. n. s, A deducing j of the power of the will into act. Bp. Bramhall. ! To ELFDE, e-llde'. v. a. [elido, Lat.] To break in pieces ; to crush. Hooker. To cut oft' a syllable. Brit. Crit. j ELIGIBILITY, el-e-je-bll'-e-te. n s. Worthiness to be chosen. Bp. Toy lor. j ELIGIBLE §, el'-e-je-bl. 405. a. [eligibffis, /Lat.] Fit to be chosen ; preferable. Addison. ! ELIGIBLENESS, eF-e-je-bl-nes. n.s. Worthiness i to be chosen ; preferableness. ! TEELI'MlNA-TEy* e-hW-e-nate. V. a. [elimino, Lat.] To open ; to release from confinement ; to I put out of doors. Lovelace. I ELIMINATION, e-lim-e-na'-sluin.n.^. The act of ! banishing; rejection. Bp. Hall. j ELIQUA'TION*, el-e-kwa'-shun. n. s. [eliqudtus, Lat.] [In metallurgy.] A separation of the different I parts of mixed bodies, by the different degrees of fire required to melt them. Chambers. ELI SION, e-ltzh'-fin. n. s. [elisio, Lat.] The act of cutting off. Swift. Division ; separation of parts. Bacon. ,ELITE*,h\-hh'.[¥r.'] A military word, denoting the flower or chosen part of an armv. To ELFXATE §*, e-liks'-ate. v. a. [elixo, Lat.] To ! seethe or boil. Cockerani. ELIXA'TlON^l-ik-sa'-shfin. 533, 530. n.s. The act of boiling or stewing any thing. Brcncn. ELI'XIR, e-lik'-sur. 41S. n.s. [Arabick.] A medi cine made by strong infusion, where the ingredients are almost dissolved in the menstruum. Qu'uicy The liquor with which chymists hope to transmute metals to gold. Donne. "The extract or quintes sence of any thing. South. Any cordial. Milton. £5= There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word, eves among the upper ranks of people, which changes the i in the second syllable into e, as if written elexir. The i is never pronounced in this manner when the accent is on it, except when followed by r and another conso- nant. 108. W. ELK, elk. n. s. [aelc. Sax.] A large and stately ani- mal of the stag kind. Hill. ELKE*, elk. n. s. [a'arch, Welsh.] A wild swan. I ELL, el. n.s. [eln, Sax.] A measure containing a yard and a quarter. Addison. It is taken prover- biallv for a long measure. Herbert. ELLFNGE*, el'-ltnje. a. [relen^e, Sax.] Cheerless ; sad. Vis. of P. Ploughman. ELLFPSISy, el-lip'-sis. [See Efface,] n. s. [/X- \einois.~] A figure of rhetorick. by which something 329 ELU EMA OCT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat }— me, mel }— pine, pin ;- is left out. Hammond. [In geometry.] An oval figure, generated from the section of a cone, by a f>Iane cutting both sides of the cone, but not paral- el to the base, and meeting with the base when £ reduced. Harris. LFPT1CAL, el-lip'-te-kal. ) a. Having the form ELLFPT1CK, el-lfp'-tfk. j of an ellipsis} oval. Clieyne. Denoting the use of the rhetorical figure. Knatr.hbxdl. ELLFPTICALLY*, el-l?p'-te-kal-le. ad. According to the rhetorical figure. Hurd. ELM §, £lm. n. s. [ulmus, Lat.] The name of a tree. Miller. E'LMY*, el'-me. a. Abounding with elm trees. T. Warton. ELOCA'TION*, eI-6-ka'-shun. n.s. [elocatus, Lat.] A removal from the usual place of residence. Bp. Hall. A departure from usual method} an ecstasy. Fotherhj. ELOCUTION, el-6-kiV-shun. n. s. [elocutio, Lat.] The power of fluent speech. Wotton. Power of speaking} speech. Milton. The power of ex- pression or diction } eloquence ; beauty of words. Dryden. ELOCU'TPTE*, eI-6-ku'-t?v. a. Having the power of eloquent expression. Feltham. E'LOGE*, eT-6dje. 71. s. [Fr.] A funeral oration } a panegyrick on the dead. Atterbury. E'LOGIST*, ^F-6-jlst. n. s. One who pronounces a panegyrick. Wotton. E'LOGY, el'-6-je. 503. n.s. Praise} panegyrick. Wotton. To ELOFGNATE*, e-l6e'-nate. v. a. To remove. Howell. To ELOIGNER e-lSln'. v. a. [eloigner, Fr.] To put at a distance. Spenser. Ob. J. ELOFGNMENT* e-lSln'-ment. n.s. Remoteness} distance. Shemtone. To ELO NG*, e-long'. v. a. To put or set far off} to retard. G. FletcJier. To ELONGATE §, e-long'-gate. v.a. [elongo, Lat.] To lengthen; to draw out; to put further oft'. Brown. To ELONGATE, e-long'-gate. v.n. To go off to a distance from any thing. Brown. ELONGATION, el-&ng~ga'-shun. 530, 533. n.s. The act of stretching or lengthening itself. Arbuih- not. The state of being stretched. Fotherby. [In medicine.] An imperfect luxation. Quincy. Dis- tance; space at which one thing is distant from another. Glanville. Departure } removal. Bp. Hall. To ELO'PE §, e-lope'. v. n. [hleapan, Sax.] To run away ; to break loose } to escape from law or re- straint. Addison. ELOTEMENT, e-lope'-ment. n. s. Departure from just restraint 5 formerly used of a wile, now of a young lady who is to be clandestinely married. AyliJf'e. E'LOPS, e'-lops. n. s. [tXo^.] A fish } also a serpent. Milton. E'LOQUENCE§, el'-6-kwense. n.s. [eloquentia, Lat.] The power of speaking with fluency and ele- gance ; oratory. Shak. Elegant language uttered with fluency. Shakspeare. E'LOQUENT, eF-6-kwent. a. Having the power of oratory. Isaiah. ELOQUENTLY*, el'-o-kwe'nt-le. ad. In elegant language, written or -uttered with fluency. Sir T. Elyot. ELSE§, else, pronoun, [elle]*, Sax.] Other} one besides. Shakspeare. ELSE, £lse. conj. Otherwise. Beaumont and FletcJier. Beside ; except that mentioned. Dryden. ELSE WHE'RE.&se'-whare. 397. ad. [eller-hpaeji, Sax.] In any other place. Abbot. In other places } in some other place. Hooker. E'LSIN*, el'-sln. n.s. [aelsene, Teut.] A shoemaker's awl. Grose. To ELUCIDATE §, e-hY-se-date. v.a. [elucido, Lat.] To explain} to clear; to make plain. Boyle. ELUCIDATION, e-Iu-se-da'-sh&n. n. s. Explana- tion} exposition. Boyle. ELU'CIDATD/E*, e-lu'-se-da-tlv. a. Throwing light} explanatory. ELU'CIDATOR, e-la'-se-da-t&r. 521. n.s. Explain er; expositor} commentator. Abbot. ELUCTA'TION*, e-luk-nV-sh&n. n.s. [elwtatus, Lat.] The act of bursting forth. Brown. Escape. Bp.Hall. V To ELUDES, e-lude'. v.a. [eludo, Lat.] To escape by stratagem} to avoid by artifice. Sivift. To mock by an unexpected escape. Pope. ELU'DIBLE, e-lu ; -de-bl. a. Possible to be defeated. Swift. ELU'MBATED, e-l&m'-ba-ted. a. [elumbis, Lat.] Weakened in the loins. Vict. ELU'SION §, e-lu'-zhun. n. s. [elusio, La'..] An escape from inquiry or examination} an artifice. Abp. Cranmer. ELUSIVE, e-lu'-slv. 158, 428. a. Practising elusion. Pope. Tending to deceive} fallacious. Student. ELU'SORINESS*, e-lu'-sfir-e-ngs. n. s. The state of being elusory. Ash. ELU'SORY, e-lu'-s&r-e. 429, 512. a. Tending to elude} tending to deceive. Broivn. To ELU'TE, e-lute'. v. a. [duo, Lat.] To wash off Arbuthnot. TbELU'TRlATES, e-lu'-tre-ate. 91. v.a. [elutrio, Lat.] To decant, or strain out. Arbuthnot. ELUTRIA'TION* e-lu-tre-a'-shfin. n.s. Straining off. [In metallurgy.] The separating the lighter matters from the ores of metals by water. Cluar* hers. E'LVELOCKS, elv'-loks. n. s. Knots in the hair su perstitiously supposed to be tangled by the fairies Brown. E'LVERS*, el'-vurz. n. s. Small eels} young con f firs', or sea-eels. Chambers. VES, elyz. The plural of elf. E'LVISH, el'-vfsh. a. Relating to elves, or wander- ing spirits. Spenser. Reserved} coy} disdainful. Chaucer. ELY'SIAN, e-tfzh'-e-an. 542. a. Pertaining to Elysi urn 5 deliciously soft and soothing; exceedingly de- lightful. Milton. ELY>SIUM,h-\hh'-b-bm. n.s. [Lat.] The place as- signed by the heathens to happy souls; any place exquisitely pleasant. Shakspeare. 'EM. A contraction of them. Hudibras. To EMA'CERATE^e-mas'-eY-ate. v.n. [emacero, Lat.] Our old word for emaciate. Bullokar. EMACERA'TION*, £-mas-er-a'-shnn. n.s. Lean- ness or falling- away in flesh. Bullokar. To EMA'CIATE §, e-ma'-she-ate. 542.?-. a. [emacio, Lat.] To waste ; to deprive of flesh. Bacon. To EMA'CIATE, e-ma'-she-ale. v. n. To lose flesh} to pine; to grow lean. Brown. EMA'CIATE*, e-ma'-she-ate. a. Sunk} wasted. Shenstcne. EMACIA'TION, e-ma-she-a'-shun. n.s. The act of making lean. The state of one grown lean. Gronint. To EMA'CULATE &*, e-mak'-u-late. v. a. [emaculo, Lat.] To make clean} to take out spots. Hales. EMACULA'TION, e-mak-u-la'-shfin. n.s. The act of freeing any thing from spots or foulness. Diet. E'MANANT/em'-a-nant. a. Issuing from something else. Hale. To E'MANATE $, em'-a-nate. 91. v. n. [emano, Lat.] To issue or flow from something else. Hales. EMANATION, em-ma-na'-shfin. 530. n.s. The act of issuing or proceeding from any other substance. South. That which issues from another substance j an efflux; effluvium. Bp. Taylor. E'MANATTVE, em'-an-a-tlv. 91. a. Issuing from another. Diet. To EMANCIPATE §, e-man'-se-pate. v.a. [emanct- po, Lat.] To set free from servitude. Brown. EMANCIPATION, e-man-se-pa'-shfin. n. s. The act of setting free ; deliverance from slavery. Glanr- EMANCIPATOR*, e-man'-se-pa-tfir. n. s. One who releases from any confinement. The Merits of iiu Catholicks. 330 EMB EMB — n6, m6ve, n6r, not ;— tibe, tab, bull ;— ofl ;— pound ;— tfiin, this. To EM A'RGINATE, e-mar'-je-nate. v. a. [emargino, Lat.] To take away the margin or edge of any thing". Cockeram. ToEMA'SCULATE^e-mas'-ku-late. v.a. [emascu- lo, Lat.] To castrate 3 to deprive of virility. Graunt. To effeminate ; to vitiate by unmanly softness. Dryd, EMA'SCULATE* e-mas'-ku-late. a. Unmanned 3 effeminate ; vitiated. Hammond. EMASCULA'TION. e-mas-ka-la'-shSn. n.s. Cas- tration. Gaijton. Effeminacy ; womanish qualities. To EMBA'LE, em-bale', v.a. [emballer, Fr.] To make up into a bundle. To bind up 3 to enclose. To EMBA'LM §, em-bam 7 . 403. v. a. [embaumer, Fr.] To impregnate a body with aromaticks, that it may resist putrefaction. Sliak. To fill with sweet scent. Milton. #3= The affinity between the long e and the short i, when immediately followed by the accent, has been ob- served under the word despatch. — But this affinity is do where more remarkable than in those words where the e is followed by to or n. This has induced Mr. Sheridan to spell embrace, endow, &c. imbrace, indvw, &.c. ; and this spelling may, perhaps, sufficiently con- vey the cursory or colloquial pronunciation ; but my observation greatly fails me if correct publick speaking does not preserve the e in its true sound, when followed by to or n. The difference is delicate, but, in my opin- ion, real. W. EMBA'LMER^m-bam'-er. 403. n. s. One tbat prac- tises the art of embalming. Bacon. To EMBA'R, em-bar', v. a. [from bar.] To shut; to enclose. Spenser. To stop 3 to hinder by prohibi- tion. Bacon. EMBARCA'TION, em-bar-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of putting on shipboard. Clarendon. The act of going on shipboard. EMBA'RGO §, em-b!r'-g6. 98. n.s. [embargar, Span.] A prohibition to pass ; a stop put to trade. Bacon. To EMBA'RGO*, em-bar'-gd. v. a. To lay an em- bargo upon. Coles. To EMB A^RKS, em-bark', u. a. [embarquer, Fr.] To put on shipboard. Milton. To engage another in any affair. Ld. Clarendon. To EMBA'RK, em-bark', v. n. To go on shipboard. A. Phillips. To ongage in any affair. EMBARKA'TION*, em-bar-ka'-shun. SeeEar- B4RCATI0N. To EMBA'RRASS §,em-bar'-ras. «• «• [embarrasser, Fr.] To perplex ; to distress 5 to entangle. Spec- tator. EMBA'RRASSMENT,em-bar'-ras-ment. n.s. Per- plexity3 entanglement. Watts. To EMBA'SE§, em-base', v. a. [from base.] To vitiate; to depauperate; to lower; to deprave; to impair. Bacon. To degrade ; to vilify. Spenser. EMBA'SEMENT^em-base'-ment. n.s. Deteriora- tion ; deprivation. South. EMBA'SSADE*, em-bas-sade'. n.s. [embassade, Fr.] An embassy. Spenser. Ob. T. EMBASSADORS, em-bas'-sa-dur. 98. n.s. [embas- sador, old Fr.] One sent on a publick message. Denliam. EMBA'SSADRESS, em-bas'-sa-dres. n. s. A woman sent on a publick message. The wife of an embas- sador. Ld. Chesterfield. E'MBASSAGE, em'-bas-saje. 90. ? n. s. A publick E'MBASSY, em'-bas-se. $ message. Shak. Any solemn message. Bp. Taylor. An errand, in an ironical sense. Sidney. To EMBA'THE*. See To Imbathe. To EMBA'TTLE §, em-bat'-tl. v. a. [from battle.] To range in order or array of battle. Shakspeare. To EMBA'TTLE, em-bat'-tl. v. n. To be ranged in battle array. Shakspeare. EMBA'TTLED*, em-bat'-tld. a. Indented like a battlement. Chaucer. To EMBA'Y, em-ba'. 98. v. a. [baigner, Fr.] To bathe; to wet; to wash. Spenser. Not used. [From bay.] To enclose in a bay; to landlock. Slio.kspeare. EMBEDDED*, em-bed'-ded. a. Sunk in another substance. Paley. I'oEMBE'LLISH^em-bel'-lfsh. v.a. [embellir, Fr.] To adorn; to beautify. Spenser. EMBE'LLlSHMENT,em-bel'-lfsh-ment. n.s. Orna ment; adventitious beauty; decoration j adsciU tious grace. Addison.. E'MBERING $, em'-bfir-ing. n. s. The ember days. Tusser. Ob. J. E'MBERS, eW-burz. n. s. Without a singular, [oemyptia, Sax.] Hot cinders ; ashes not yet ex- tinguished. Bacon. E'MBERWEEK, em'-bfir-week. n. s. [ijmbren or embren.] A .week in which an ember day falls. Tho ember days at the four seasons are the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday, after the first Sunday in Lent, the feast of Pentecost, September 14, Decem- ber 13. Ay life. To EMBE'ZZLE $, em-bez'-zl. v. a. [beskr, or em- besler, old Fr.] To appropriate by breach of trust. Hay ward. To waste 5 to swallow up in riot. Dryden. EMBE'ZZLEMENT, em-bez'-zl-ment. n. s. The act of appropriating to himself that which is receiv- ed in trust for another. The thing appropriated. EMBEZZLER*, em-bez'-zlur. n.s. One who ap- propriates to himself what is received in trust ibr another. To EMBl'BE*. See To Imbibe. To EMBLA'ZE$, em-blaze', v.a. [blasomter, Fr.] To adorn with glittering embellishments. Milton. To blazon 5 to paint with ensigns armorial. Shak. To EMBLA'ZON, em-bla'-zn. v. a. To adorn with figures of heraldry. To deck in glaring colours. Hakewill. EMBLA'ZONER*, em-bla'-zn-ftr. n.s. One who publishes in a pompous manner. Milton. A her- ald 3 a blazoner. EMBLA'ZON RY, em-bla'-zn-re. n. s. Pictures upon shields. Milton. E'MBLEM§, em'-blem. n.s. [l^\ W a.] Inlay; en- amel. Milton. An occult representation j an allu sive picture ; a typical designation. Shakspeare. To E'MBLEM, em'-blem. v. a. To represent in an * occult or allusive manner. Feltham. EMBLEM A'TICAL, em-ble-mat'-e-kal. 509. ) „ EMBLEMA'TICK, em-ble-mat'-lk. \ a ' Comprising an emblem ; allusive; occultly repre- sentative. Prior. Dealing in emblems 3 using emblems. Prior. EMBLEMA'TICALLY, em-ble-mat'-e-kal-le. ad In the manner of emblems ; allusively. Brovm. EMBLE'MATIST, em-blem'-a-tist. n. s. A writer or inventer of emblems. Broion. To EMBLE'MATIZE*, em-blem'-a-tlze. v. a. To represent by an emblem. More. E'MBLEMENTS*, em'-ble -ments. n.s. plur. [em- blurer, Fr.] Profits arising from land sown, or gen- erally from the ground. Cowel. E'MBLEMIZINGK em'-ble-ml-zmg. n.s. A making of emblems. Cotgrave. To EMBO'DY*. "See To Imbody. EMBO'GUING*, em-b6g'-'mg. n.s. [embouchure, Fr.] The mouth of a river; the place where i* empties itself into the sea. Florio. To EMBO'IL*. See To Lmboil. To EMBO'LDEN*. See ToImbolden. E'MBOLISM, em'-bo-lkm. n.s. [^/JoA^o?.] Inter- calation 5 insertion of days or years to produce regularity and equation of time. Holder. The time inserted ; intercalary time. E'MBOLUS, em'-b6-lus. n.s. [£>0oAo f .] Anything inserted and acting in another, as, the sucker in a pump. Arbuthnot. To EMBO'RDER*, em-bdr'-dar. v.a. [emhorder, old Fr.] To adorn with a border. See To Imbor- DER. To EMBO'SK*. See To Imbosk. ro EMBO'SS§, em-b6s'. v.a. [basse, Fr.] To form with protuberances. Sliak. To engrave with re- lief, or rising work. B. Jonson. To enclose ; to include; to cover, [emboister, Fr.] Spenser. To enclose in a thicket, [emboscare, ltal ] Milton. To hunt hard. Spenser 331 EMB EMI ICP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me. met;— pine, p?n ;- EMBOSSMENT, em-hos'-ment. n.s. Any thing standing out from the rest ; jut ; eminence. Bacon. Relief; rising work. Addison. To EMBOTTLE, em-b^-tl. v.a. [bouleille, Fr.] To include in bottles; to bottle. To EMBO'UND*. See To Imbound. To EMBO'W*, em-b6'. v. a. To bend like a bow; to arch ; to vault. Spenser. To EMBO'WEL§, em-bSu'-el. v.a. [from bowel.] To eviscerate; to deprive of the entrails. Shak. To bury within any other substance. Spenser. EMBO'WELLER*, em-bdu'-el-lur. n. s. One who takes out entrails. Greenhill. To EMBOWER*, em-b6ur'. v.n. To lodge; to build; to bower. Spenser. To EMBOX*. See To Imbox. 3^ EMBRACE $, em-brase'. v.a. [embrasser, Fr.] To hold fondly in the arms; to squeeze in kindness. Dryden. To seize ardently or eagerly; to lay hold on ; to welcome. CJiaucer. To comprehend ; to take in : as, Natural philosophy embraces many sciences. To comprise; to enclose; to contain; to encircle. Denham. To admit ; to receive. Sliak. To find ; to take. Shak. To squeeze in a hostile manner. To fasten; to fit close. Spenser. To EMBRA'CE, em-brase'. v. n. To join in an em- brace. Stiakspeare. EMBRA'CE, em-brase'. n.s. Clasp; fond pressure in the arms ; hug. Denliam. A hostile squeeze ; crush. EM3RA'CEMENT, em-brase'-ment. n. s. Clasp in the arms; hug; embrace. Sidney. Hostile hug; grapple. Sidney. Comprehension. Davies. State of being contained; enclosure. Bacon. Conjugal endearment. Sltakspeare. Admission; reception. Weever. EMBRACER, em-bra'-sur. n.s. The person em- bracing. Howell. EMBRACING*, em-bra'-s?ng. n.s. An embrace. Burton. To EMBRAID*, em-brade'. v. a. [from braid.] To censure in opprobrious terms. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. EMBRASURE, em-bra-zluW. n. s. [Fr.] An aper- ture in the wail, through which the camion is point- ed ; battlement. To EMBRAVE, em-brave', v. a. [from brave.] To decorate ; to embellish. Spenser. To inspire with fortitude. Beaumont. Ob. J. To E'MBROCATE§, em'-br6-kate. v.a. [evjSp^w.] To rub any part diseased with medicinal liquors. Wiseman. EMBROCATION, em-br6-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of rubbing any part diseased with medicinal liquors or spirits. The lotion with which any diseased part is washed. Wiseman. To EMBROIDER $, em-brfle'-dur. v. a. [broder, Fr.] To border with ornaments; to decorate with figur- ed work. Wotton. EMBRO'IDERER, em-brSe'-dur-ur. n.s. One that adorns clothes with needlework. Ecclus. xlv. EMBROIDERY, em-broe'-dur-e. n. s. Figures raised upon a ground; variegated needlework. Shak. Variegation; diversity ot colours. Spectator. To EMBRO'IL$, em-brdil'. v. a. [brouiller, Fr.] To disturb ; to confuse ; to distract. King Charles. To perplex ; to entangle. Addison. EMBROILMENT*, em-broll'-ment, n. s. Confu- sion ; disturbance. Maundrell. To EMBRO'THEL, em-br&TH'-el. v. a. To en- close in a brothel. Donne. To EMBROWN*. See To Imbrowh. To EMBRU'E*. See To Imbrue. E'MBRYO §. em'-bre-o. ) n. s. tfrfovuv.] The E'MBRYON§, em'-bre-&n. , offspring yet unfin- ished in the womb. Bacon. The state of anv thing yet not fit for production ; yet unfinished. Swift. E'MBRYON*, em'-bre-on. a. Yet unfinished; not yet ready for production. W. Browne. To EMBU'RSE*. See To Imburse. To EMBU'SY*, em-bfe'-ze. v. a. To employ. Skel- ton. EME, eme. n. s. [eame, Sax.] Uncle. Ob. J. See Eame. EME'NAGOGUE. See Emmenacogues. To EME'ND $*, e-mend'. v. a. [emendo, Lat.] To amend ; to correct. Mystenj of Candtemas-day . EME'NDABLE, e-meu'-da-bl.a. Capable of emen- dation; corrigible. EME'NDATELY^e-mend'-ate-le.a. Without fault ; correct. Taverner. EMENDATION, em-en-da'-shun. 530. n. s. Cor- rection ; alteration of any thing from worse to bet- ter. Bp. Taylor. An alteration made in the text by verbal criticism. Bentley. EMEND ATOR, em-en-da'-tfir. 521. n. s. A cor- rector ; an improver ; an alterer for the better. Bp Cosin. EME'NDATORY*, e-meV-da-tfir-e. a. [emendaius Lat.] Contributing correction or emendation. Dr Warton. To EME'NDICATE*, e-men'-de-kate. v. a. [emen dico, Lat.] To beg. Cockeram. See To Men dicate. E'MERALD, em'-e-rald. n. s. [emeraude, Fr.] A green precious stone. Hill. To EME'RGE §, e-merje'. v. n. [emergo, Lat^j To rise out of any thing in which it is covered. Boyle To issue; to proceed. Newton. To rise; to mount from a state of depression or obscurity ; to rise into view. Dryden. EMERGENCE, e-mer'-jense. )n. s. The act of EME'RGENCY, e-mer'-jeu-se. \ rising out of any fluid by which any thing is covered. Brown. The act of rising into view. Boyie. Any sudden occa sion, unexpected casualty. Granville. Pressing necessity ; exigence. A "sense not proper. Ad- dison.. EME'RGENT, e-mer-jent. a. Rising out of that which overwhelms or obscures it. B. Jonson Ris ing into view. B. Jonson. Proceeding or issuing from any thing. B. Jonson. Sudden ; unexpected' ly casual. Bacon. EME'RITED*, e-me¥-it-ed. a. [emeritus, Lat.] Al lowed to have done sufficient publick service. Evelyn. E'MERODS, em'-eV-ods. ) n. s. [from hemorrhoids, E'MEROIDS, enV-er-dldz. \ aip-oppoites.] Painful swellings of the hemorrhoidal veins; piles. 1 Sam. EME'RSION, e-meV-shun. n. s. [from emerge] The act of rising out of any fluid. Knatchbull. The time when a star, having been obscured by its ap- proach to^ the sun, appears again. Brown. E'MERY, em'-er-e. n. s. [esmeril, Fr.] An iron ore, useful in cleaning and polishing steel. Hill. EME'TICALi e-met'-e-kal. \a. [ipew.] Having the EME'TICKM-met'-ik. ) quality of provoking vomits. Hale. EME'TICALLY, e-meY-e : kal-e. ad. In such a man- ner as to provoke to vomit. Boyle. EME'TICK*, e-meY-lk. n. s. A medicine provok- ing^ vomits. Dr. Warton. E'MEU*, I x 1 \ S n - s - A name of the cassiowary, E'MEW* ] l a lar S e bird of tfa e osuich kind. EMICA'TION, em-e-ka'-shun. 530. n. s. [emicatio, Lat.] Sparkling; flying off in small particles. Brown. EMFCTION, e-mnV-shun. n. s. [emictum, Lat.] Urine; what is voided by the urinary passages Harvey. E MIGRANT*, em'-e-grant. n. s. One who emi- grates. Robertson. EMI GRATE*, em'-e-grate. part. a. Wandering ; roving. Gayton. To EMIGRATES, em'-e-grate. v.n. [emigro. Lat.] To remove from one place to another. Pownall. EMIGRATION, em-e-gra'-shfin. 530. n. s. Change of habitation. Hale. E'MIN ENCE. em'-e-nense. ) n.s. Loftiness; height. E'MINENCY, em'-e-n£n-se. \ Summit ; highest part. Ray. A part rising above the rest. Dryden. A place where one is exposed to general notice. Addison. Exaltation; conspicuousness; reputa- tion; celebrity; fame: greatness. Shak. Supreme 332 EMP EMP — 116, move, n6r, 116-t ; — tube, tub, bull*, — All ; — pound ; — th'm, THis. degree. Milton. Notice; distinction. Shak. Al title given to cardinals. Milton. E MI-VENT §, ein'-e-nent. a. [eminens, Lat.] High;! lofty. Ezelc. xvi. Dignified ; exalted Dryden. i Conspicuous; remarkable. Addison. EMINENTLY, em'-e-nenl-le. ad. Conspicuously;' in a manner that attracts observation. Milton, hi { a high degree. Dryden. EMIR*, e'-mttr. n. s. A title of dignity among the ! Turks and Persians. Ricaul. E'MISSARY, em'-is-sar-re. n. s. [emissarius, Lat.] j One sent out on private messages ; a spy ; a secret agent. Bacon. One that emits or sends out. Ar- bulhnol. E'MISSARY* em'-is-sa-re. a. Looking about; pry- ing. B. Jonson. EMISSION,, e-mish'-un. n. s. The act of sending out ; vent. Bacon. EMISSFTIOUS* em-fs-s?sh'-us. a. Prying j nar- row! v examining. Bp. Hall. To EMIT 5, e-nnY. v. a. [emitio, Lat.] To send forth; to let go. Woodward. To let fly; to dart. Prior. To issue out juridically Ai/liffe. EMME NAGOGUES, em-men'-a-gogs. n.s. ['i^/,- via and ayu).] Medicines that promote the courses in women. Quinci/. EMMET, em'-mlt." 99. n. s. [aemefcfce, Sax.] An ant ; a pismire. Sidney. To EMME'W. ern-mu'. v. a. [from mew.] To mew or coop up. Shakspeare. To EMMO'VE,em-mo-5v'. r. a. [emmouvair. Fr.] To excite ; to rouse. Spenser. Ob. J. EMO LLIENTS, e-mol'-yent. 113. a. \emollkns, Lat.] Softening ; suppling. Arbuthnot. EMOLLIENTS, e-mol'-yents. n. s. Medicines which ! have the power of relaxing or softening the fibres j when too rigid. Thev are all externals. Cvclop. ' EMO'LLIMENT* e-molMe-ment n.s. [emollimen- \ turn, Lat.] An assuaging. Cockeram. EMOLLI'TION, em-mdi-lish'-un. n. s. \emolW.io,\ Lat.] The act of softening. Bacon. EMOLUMENT §, e-m6l'-i-ment. n.s. Profit; ad- J vantage. South. EMpLUME'NTAL*, e-mol-u-ment'-al. a. Useful ; j yielding profit. Evelyn. EMO NGST, e-m&flgst'. prep. Among. Spenser. EMOTION, e-mo'-shun. n. s. [emotion, Fr.] Disturb- 1 anceofmind; vehemence of passion. Dryden. \ To EMP A'1R§*, em-pare', v. a. [empirer, Fr.] To! injure ; to diminish. Spenser. To EMPA'IR*, em-pare', v. n. To become less ; to ! grow worse. Spenser To EMP A'LE§, em-pale' [empaler, Fr.] To fence with a pale. 'Donne. To fortify. Raleigh. to enclose ; to shut in. Spenser. To put to death bv spitting on a stake fixed upright. Southern. EMFA'LEMENT* ein-pale'-meat n. s. The punish- ment of empaling. [In heraldry.] A conjunction of coats of arms; pale-ways. Warton. [In botany .1 The cup or outmost part" of the flower of a plant". Mller. . 4 V EMPA'NNEL $, ^m-pan'-ncl. n. s. [from panne, Fr.] | The Writing or entering the names of a jury into a schedule by the sheriff, which he has summoned to appear. Cowel. To EMPA'NNEL, em-pan'-nel. p. a. To summon to serve on a jury. Government of the Tono-ue. To EMPARADISE*. See To Imparadj.se. To EMPA'RK*, ern-park'. v. a. [emparcher, old Fr.] To enclose as with a fence or pale; to shut in. Bp. King. EMPARLANCE, em-par'-lanse. n.s. {jxtrler, Fr.] [In common law.] A desire or petition in court of a day to pause what is best to do. Cowel. Parley. Spenser. EMPA'SM, em-pa-zm'. n. s. [enirdaow.] A powder to correct the bad scent of the body. To EM PASSIONS, em-pash'-un. v. a. To move with passion ; to affect strongly. Spenser. EMPASSIONATE*. em-pash'-un-ale. a. Strongly affected. Spenser. To EMPA'ST* See To Lmpast. To EMPE'ACH* em-peetsh'. v. a. [empescJier,Ir.] To hinder; to oppose. Sir T. Eiuot. EMPEI'RAL*. See Empirics. To EMPE'OPLE, em-pe'-p). v. a. To form into a people or community. Spejtser. E'MPERESSj^m'-per-es. n.s. [from emperour : now written empress.] A woman invested with imperial power. Davies. The wife of an emperour. Til. Andron. To EMPE'RIL* em-peV-ru.' v. a. To endanger Spenser. EMPE'RISHED*, em-peV-isht. part. a. Decayed, perished. Spenser. E'MPEROUR$, em'-per-ur. 166. n. s. [empereur, Fr.] A monarch of title and dignity superiour to a king. Shakspeare. E'MPERY, em'-per-e. 503. n. s. [empere, Fr.] Em- pire ; sovereignty ; dominion. Sluikspeare. Ob. J E'MPHASISS, em'-fa-sis. n.s. [t^a^?.] A remarka- ble stress laid upon a word or sentence ; particular force impressed bv style or pronunciation. Sliak. EMPHA'TlCAL.em-fatMk-al. ; a.Uucpdivw.] Forci EMPHA'TICK, em-f at'-lk. \ ble ; strong ; strik- ing. Bp. Reynolds. Striking the sight. Boyle. EMPHATICALLY, em-fat'-e-kal-e. ad. Strongly ; forcibly; in a striking manner. South. According to appearance. Brown. EMPHYSE'MA), em-ie-se'-ma. n. s. [l^fv^ua.] A light, pufi'y humour, easily yielding to the pressure ol the finger, arising again in the instant you take it off. Wiseman. EMPHYSEMATOUS, em-fe-sem'-A-tus. a. Bloat ed; puffed up ; swollen. Sharp. To EMITERCE, em-perse'. 250. [See Pierce.] v. a. To pierce into ; to enter into by violent ap- pulse. Spenser. EMPl'GHT, em-plte'. preterit and part, from to pi«-ht. or pitch, feet ; fixed ; fastened. Spenser. EMPIRES, em'-pire. 140. n. s. [empipe, Sax.] Im- perial power; supreme dominion. Rowe. The region over which dominion is extended. Temple Command over any thing. "5^r" I have differed from Mr. Sheridan and Buchanan in the pronunciation of the last syllable of this word, aa I think the long sound of i is more agreeable to the ear, as well as to the best usage, though I confess not so analogical as the short i. Dr. Ken rick, Scott, W. Jo' n- ston, and Perry, pronounce the i long, as I have done. • Sec Umpire. W. EMPPR1CK§, em'-pe-rlk, or em-p?r'-?k. n. s. [^ -ctpiKos.] One of a sect of the ancient physicians, who formed for themselves rules and methods on their own practice and experience, and not on any knowledge of natural causes, or the study of good authors. Hakavill. A trier; an experimenter; a quack ; such persons as have no true knowledge of physical practice, but venture upon observatiot only. Hooker. D5" Dr. Johnson tells us, the first accentuation is adopted by Dryden, and the last by Milton ; and this he prefers There is, indeed, a strong analogy for the last, as the I word ends in ick, 509 ; but this analogy is sometimes violated in favour of the substantives, as in lunatick, heretick, &c. : and that this is the case in the word in question, may be gathered from the majority of votes in its favour ; for, though Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr Nares, and W. Johnston, are for the latter; Dr. Ken- rick, Dr. Ash. Mr. Scott. Mr. Perry, Buchanan. Entick, Bailsy, and Barclay, arc for the former. This word classes, too, with those that almost always adopt the an- tepenultimate accent, 503; but the adjective has more properly the accent on tne second syllable. W. EMPI'RICAL, em-p?r / -e-kal. \ a. Versed in experi- EMPPR1CK, em-plr'-lk. \ rnents. Milton Known only by experience. Shakspeare. EMPIRICALLY, em-pi/'4-kal-le. ad. Experimen- tally ; according to experience. Brown. Without rational ground ; charlatanically. EMPIRICISM, em-pir'-£-skm. ». s. Dependence on experience widiout knowledge or art; quackery. Warton. EMPLA'STER$, em-plas'-tur. n. s. [?«r>«»Tpov.] An application to a sore of an oleaginous or vis- cous substance, spread upon cloth. Wiseman, 333 £MP EMU (D" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pin 'IbEMPLA'STER, gm-plas'-t5r. v. a. To cover with a plaster; figuratively, to hide. Chaucer. EMPLA'STICK, em-plas'-tSk. a. Viscous; glutin- ous. Wiseman. To EMPLEA'D, Sm-plede'. v. a. [emplaider, old Fr.] To indict; to prefer a charge against ; to accuse. Hay ward. 2'oEMPLO'Y$, eWploe'. u.«. [emploier, Fr.] To busy ; to keep at work ; to exercise. Dryden. To use as an instrument. Gaij. To use as means. 2 Mace. iv. To use els materials. Locke. To com- mission ; to intrust with the management of any affairs. Ezra, x. To fill up with business. Mot- teux. To pass or spend in business. Prior. EMPLO'Y,e-m-pl6e'. n.s. Business; object of indus- try. Guardian. Publick office. Addison. EMPLOYABLE, em-pl6e'-a-bl. a. Capable to be used ; proper for use. Boyle. EMPLOYER, gm-plfte'-fir. n.s. One that uses or causes to be used. Child. One that sets others to work. Shakspeare. EMPLOYMENT, gm-plSe'-ment. n. s. Business; object of industry; object of labour. Guardian. Business; the state of being employed. Ezelc. xxxix. Office ; post of business. Atterbury. Business in- trusted. Shakspeare. To EMPLU'NGE*, em-plfinje'. v. a. [from plunge.] To force suddenly. Daniel. To EMPO'ISON §, e'm-poe'-zn. v. a. [empoisonner, Fr.] To destroy by poison ; to destroy b}' venomous food or drug's. Sidney. To taint with poison ; to envenom. Harmar. EMPO'ISONER, em-poe'-zn-ur. n. s. One who de- stroys another by poison, liacon. EMPO'ISONING*, em-p6e'-zn-fng. n. s. Empoison- ment. Bacon. EMPOaSONMENT, em-p3e'-zn-ment. n. s. The practice of destroying by poison. Bacon. EMPO'RETICK, " em-p7>-reV-lk. a. [i«7ro^-.egvrick itself. B. Jonson. ENCO^MION*, en-k6'-me-6n. n. s. Panegyrick. Fotherby. ENCO'MIUM 6, en-k^-me-um. n. s. [lyK^iov.] Panegyrick ; praise ; eulogy. Gov. of the Tongue. 3£r" Though, in cursory speaking, we frequently hoar the e confounded with the short i in the first syllables of encamp, enchant, liar to a country ; ENDE'MICK, en-dem'-ik. > used of any dis- ease proceeding from some cause peculiar to the country where it reigns. Harvey. To ENDENIZE, en-den'-?z. 159. v. a. [from deni- zen.] To make free ; to enfranchise. Camden. To ENDENIZEN*, en-deV-e-zn. 103, 234. v.a. To make free ; to naturalize. B. Jonson. E'NDER*, end'-ur. n. s. A finisher. Wicliffe. E'NDING*, end'-mg. n.s. Conclusion ; consequence 2Esdr.\x. Termination of life. Shak. Cessation of any action. Fairfax. End of words as employ- ed for rhymes. Shakspeare. TbENDFCT*, ; , ,,,, iv.n. [enditer, Fr.] To !To ENDI'TE§, \ ' ( charge any man by a written accusation before a court of justice : as, He was indicted for felony. To draw up ; to com- pose ; to.-write. Gay. [ ToENDI'TE, en-dlte'. v. n. To compose. Waller. ENDFCTMENT, ) , ,,. , ,. i n. s. A bill or ENDI'TEMENT, \ ^" dlte - m ^ nt } declaration made in form of law, for the benefit of the common wealth ; or an accusation for some offence. Coirel. ENDITER*, §n-di>tur. n. s. An accuser. Huloet. A composer ; a writer. Goiver. E'NDIVE. en'-dlv. n. s. [endive, Fr ] A plant. Mor- timer. E'NDLESS, end'-les. a. Having no end; being without conclusion or termination. Pope. Infinite in longitudinal extent. Tillotson. Infinite in dura tion ; perpetual. Hooker. Incessant ; continual. Shakspeare. ENDLESSLY, end'-les-le. ad. Incessantly ; perpet- ually. Decay of Piety. Without termination of length. E'NDLESSNESS, end'-les-nes. n. s. Extension with out limit. Sir E. Sandys. Perpetuity ; endless duration. The quality of being round without an end. Donne. E'NDLONG, £nd'-long. a. Length-waya, Clmucer. In a straight line. Dryden. E'NDMOST, end'-mosl. a. Remotest; fW.hest ; at the farther end. Diet. To ENDO'CTRINE*, en-dok'-tr?n. v. a. To in- struct ; to teach. Donne. To ENDO'RSE§, en-d6rse'. v.a. [endorsser. old Fr.J To register on the back of a writing ; to super- scribe. Bacon. To write on the back of a bill of exchange. To cover on the back. B. Jonson. j ENDORSEMENT, en-ddrse'-ment. n.s. Super scription ; writing on the back. Toiler. Ratifica- tion. Herbert. ENDO'RSER* en-d5r'-sur. n. s. The proprietor of a bill of exchange, who, transferring it to some other, writes his name on the back of it. To ENDO'SS*, en-dos'. c. a. [endosser, Fr.] To en- grave ; to carve. Spenser. ToENDO'W^, en-d6iV. 313. v.a. [indotare, Lat.] To enrich with a portion. Exodus, xxii. To sup ply with any external goods. Addison. To enrich w r ith any excellence. Milton. To be tl e fortune of any one. Shakspeare. ENDO'\VER*,gn-d6u'-ur. n.s. One who enriches with a portion. Sherwood. ENDO'WMENT, en-d6u'-ment. n. s. Wealth be- stowed to any person or use. The bestowing or assuring; a dower. Cowel. Appropriation of rev enue. Dryden. Gifts of nature. Addison. To ENDRU'DGE* en-drfidje'. v. cu To make a slave or drudge of. Bp. Hall. To ENDUE, en-du'. v. a. [induo, Lwt.] To supply with mental excellencies. Common Prayer. To invest with other powers and advantages than those of the mind. Spenser. ENDU'RABLE*, en-du'-ra-bl. a. Tolerable ; suf- fer able. Cotfrrave. ENDU'RANCE, en-du'-ranse. n.s. Continuance; lastingness. Spenser. Patience* sufferance. Mil- ton. State of suffering. South. Delay; procrasti- nation. Shakspeare. ToENDU'RES, en-dure'. v.a, [endurer, Fr.] To bear ; to sustain ; to support. Bacon. To bear with patience. Milton. To undergo , to sustain. Dn/den. To continue in. Brown. ToENDU'RE, en-dure'. v. n. To last ; to remain; to continue. St. John, vi. To brook; to bear ; to admit. Esth. viii. ENDU'RER. en-du'^r. 98 n. s. One that can bear 337 ENF ENG 03= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met 5— pine, p?n : or endure 5 sustainer; sufferer. Spenser. Continuer; laster. ENDWISE, end'-wlze. ad. Erectly; uprightly; on end. Ray. To ENECATE, en'-e-kate. v. a. [eneco, Lat.] To kill ; to destroy. Harvey. ENEMY, en'-e-me. n. s". [ennerni, Fr.] A publick foe. Davies. A private opponent ; an antagonist. St. Matt. v. Any one who regards another with malevolence; not a friend. Shak. One that dis- likes. Locke. [In theology.] The fiend ; the devil. Common Praijer. ENERGETICAL* en-e>-jeV-ik-al. a. Forcible; strong. Cockeram. Operative ; active. Gregory. ENERGETICALLY*, en-er-jei'-ik-al-le. ad In an operative manner. Potter. ENERGE'TICK, en-er-jet'-lk. 530. a. Forcible; active; vigorous. Harvey. Operative; active; 4 working. Grew. ENERGICK* &i-eV-jik. a. Powerful in effect. Collins. To ENERGIZE*, en'-8r-jlze. v. a. To give energy; to excite action. Harris. ENERG1ZER*, en'-er-jl-zur. n.s. That wh.ch oc- casions or causes. ENERGY ^en'-er-je. 503. n.s. [evjpyaa.] Power not exerted in action. Bacon. Force ; vigour ; efficacy. Dryden. Faculty; operation. Ray. Strength of expression ; force of signification ; spirit ; life. Roscommon. To ENERVATE §, e-neV-vate. 91.t>. a. [enervo, Lat.] To weaken ; to deprive of force. Bacon. ENERVATE*, e-ner'-vate. a. Weakened ; depriv- ed of lorce. Pope. ENERVATION, gn-eY-va'-shun. 530. n. s. The act of weakening ; emasculation. The state of being weakened ; effeminacy. Bacon. To ENERVE, e-nerv'. v. a. To weaken; to break the force of; to crush. Digby. To ENFA'MISH, en-fam 7 -Ish. v. a. To starve; to famish ; to kill with hunger. Diet. To ENFEEBLE, en-fe'-bl. 405. v. a. To weaken ; to enervate. Shakspeare. ENFERONED*, en-fel'-und. a. [enfelonnir, Fr.] Full of fierceness ; inclined to cruelty. Spenser. To ENFE'OFF§, en-feef. 256. [hi-fehf, Nares, Slieridan, and Jones ; en-fef / , Perry. See Feoff.] v. a. [feojfamentujn, low Lat.] To invest with an}' dignities' or possessions : a law term. Hale. To give up entirely ; to surrender. Shakspeare. ENFEOFFMENT, en-feef -ment. n. s. The act of enfeoffing. The instrument or deed by which one is invested with possessions. To ENFETTER, en-feV-tur. v. a. To bind in fet- ters; to enchain. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To ENFE'VER* en-fe'-v&r. v. a. [enfiexrrer, Fr.] To produce fever. Seward. To ENFIERCE*, en-feerse'. v. a. [enfenr, Fr.] To make fierce. Spenser. ENFILADE, en-fe-lade'. n.s. [Fr.] A straight passage; any thing through which a right line may be drawn. Swinbnrne. To ENFILA'DE, en-fe-lade'. v. a. To pierce in a right line. Expedition to Carthagena. To ENFIRE, en-fW. v. a. To fire ; to set on fire ; to kindle. Speriser. To ENFORD*. See To Infold. 7*0 ENFORCE §,en-f°rse'. v. a. [enforcir, Fr.] To give strength to ; to strengthen. To make or gain by force. Spenser. To put in act by violence. Sliak. To instigate ; to provoke ; to urge on. Spenser. To urge with energy. Clarendon. To compel ; to constrain. Davies. To press with a charge. Shakspeare. To ENFORCE, £n-f6rse'. v. n. To attempt by force. .Wiclijfe. To prove; to evince; to show beyond contradiction. Hooker. ENFORCE, en-f6rse'. n. s. Power; strength. Mil- ton. Ob. J. ENFORCEABLE*, en-for'-se-bl. a. Having power to compel or constrain. ENFORCEDLY, en-fc-r'-sSd-le. 364. ad. By vio- lence ; not voluntarily ; not spontaneously ; not by choice. Shakspeare. ENFORCEMENT, en-forse'-ment. n. s. An act of violence ; compulsion ; force offered. Shak. Sane tion ; that which gives force to a law. Locke. Ma tive of conviction ; urgent evidence. Hammond Pressing exigence. Shakspeare. ENFORCER, en-f6r'-sur. 98. n.s. Compeller; one who effects by violence. Beaumont end Fletcher. To ENFORM^en-foW.v.a. To fashion ; to direct Spenser. ENFORLDRED^n-file'-durd. a. [fouldroyer,Yv.] Mixed with lightning. Spenser. Ob. J. To ENFRANCHISES, en-fran'-tshiz. 159. v. a. [from franchise.] To admit to the privileges of a freeman. Davies. To set free from slaver} 7 . Ba- con. To free or release from custody. Shakspeare. To denizen ; to endenizen. Watts. ENFRANCHISEMENT, en-fran'-tsh?z-ment. n. s. Investiture of the privileges of a denizen. Cowel. Release from prison or from slavery. Sliakspeare. ENFRANCHISER*, e^i-fran'-tshiz-ur. n.s. One who gives freedom. Sherv:ood. To ENFRO'WARD*, en-fr6'-ward. v. a. To make perverse or ungovernable. Sir E. Sandys. ENFRO'ZEN^n-friV-zn. 103. part, [from frozen.] Congealed with cold. Spenser. Ob. J. TbENGA'GE^, en-gaje'. v. a. [engager, Fr.] To make liable for a debt to a creditor. Shak. To impawn ; to stake. Hudibras. To enlist ; to bring into a party. Tillotson. To embark in an affair. Sidney. To unite ; to attach ; to make adherent. Addison. To induce ; to win by pleasing means ; to gain. Waller. To bind by any appointment or contract. Atierbury. To seize bv the attention. To employ ; to hold in business. Dryden. To en- counter ; to fight. Clarendon. To ENGA'GE, en-gaje'. v. n. To conflict; to fight. Clarendon. To embark in any business ; to enlist in any partv. Dryden. ENGA'GEDLY*, en-ga'-je'd-le. ad. In a way be- speaking attachment to a party. Wliitlock. ENGAGEMENT, en-gaje'-ment. n.s. The act of engaging, impawning, or making liable to a debt. Obligation by contract. Atierbury. Adherence to a party or cause; partiality. Sicift. Employment of the attention. Rogers. Fight; conflict; battle. Dri/den. Obligation ; motive. Hammond. ENGA'GER*, £n-ga/-jur. n. s. One who signs a particular engagement. Ellis. ENGA'GINGLY*, gn-ga'-jing-le. ad. In a winning or obliging manner. To ENGA'OL, en-jale'. v. a. [enjaiolei-, old Fr.] To imprison; to confine. Shakspeare. To ENGARLANT*, en-gal'-lant. v. a. To make a gallant of. B. Jonson. ToENGARBOIL*, en-gar'-b5ll. v. a. [from gar- boil.] To disorder ; to disturb. Mountagu. To ENGARLAND*, en-gar'-land. v. a. [enguir- lander. Fr.] To encircle with a garland. Sidney. To EN GARRISON, en-gar'-re-sn. 170. v. a. To protect by a garrison. Bp. Hall. ENGA'STRIMUTH* en-gas'-tre-mM. n.s. [h, yaaTrio, and nvOog.] A ventriloquist. To ENGENDER §, enjen'-dur. 98. v. a. [engendrer, Fr.] To beget between different sexes. Sidney. To produce ; to form. Shak. To excite ; to cause ; to produce. Shak. To bring forth. Prior. To ENGENDER, en-jen'-dur. v. n. To be caused ; to be produced. Dniden. ENGENDERER*, "en-jen'-dur-ur. n.s. One who begets. Davies. To ENGIRD*, en-gild', v. a. To brighten ; to illu- minate. Shakspeare. ENGINE §, en'-jm. n. s. [engin, Fr.] Any mechan- ical complication, in which various movements and parts concur to one effect. Adams. A military machine. Fairfax. An instrument of torture ; the rack. Shak. Any instrument. Raleigh. Any in- strument to throw water upon burning houses. Dryden. Any means used to bring to pass, or to effect Duppa. An agent for another Daniel, 338 ENG ENL — n6, mSve, ndr, not 5 — tube, tub, bull ; — 6u ; — pSfind ; — thin, this. §3' Pronouncing this word as if written ingine, though very common, is very improper, and savours strongly of vulgarity. W. ENGINE'ER, en-je-neer'. n. s. An officer in an army or fortified place, whose business is to con- trive and inspect attacks, defences, works. There are corps of them in the English army. One who manages engines. Addison. — Civil engineer. One who constructs canals, docks, harbours, &c. Smea- ton. A maker of engines. Bullokar. E'NGINERY, eV-jln-re. n. s. The act of managing artillery. Milton. Engines of war ; artillery. Mil- ton. Any device or contrivance. Shenstone. To ENGFRD$, £n-gerd. 382. v. a. part, engirt. [from gird.] To encircle ; to surround. Shakspeare. To ENGFRT*i en-ger^. v. a. To encircle] to sur- round. Slmkspeare. To ENGLA'D*, en-glad', v. a. To make glad. Skelton. ENGLA DIED* en-glamd'. a. Furred ; clammy. Lib. Fest. Ob. T. ENGLAND $, frig'-land. n.s. [Gn^la-lanb, Sax.] The southern division of Great Britain. Speed. E'NGLEt, &ig'-gl. 405. n. s. A gull ; a put ; a bub- ble. E'NGLISH, ?ng'-gl?sh. 101. a. [en^h r c ; Sax.] Be- longing to England. Addison. ENGLISH*, ing'-gllsh. n. s. The people of England. Camden. The language of England. Slmkspeare. To ENGLISH, ing'-gflsh. v. a. To translate into English. Bacon. E'NGLISHRY*, ing'-glish-re. n. s. The state or privilege of being an Englishman. Cowel. An old law expression. To ENGLU'T, en-glut', v. a. [engloutir, Fr.] To swallow up. ShaJc. To fill. Spenser. To glut; to pamper. Asclvxm. To ENGO'RE, en-g6re'. v. a. [from gore.] To pierce ; to prick. Spenser. Ob. J. To ENGO'RGE§, en-g6rje'. v. a. [engorger, old Fr.] To swallow ; to devour ; to gorge. Spenser. To ENGO'RGE, en-gSrje'. v. n. To feed with ea- gerness and voracity. Beaumont. 7»ENGRA'FF$*, en-graf. v. a. [from graff.] To fix deeplv ; to attach. Shakspeare. ENGRA'FFMENT* en-graf -ment. n. s. Root; that which is engrafted. Ellis. ENGRA'FTED* en-graft'-eU part. a. Planted. James, i. To ENGRA'IL,en-grale'.u.a. [grele,Fr.] To indent in curve lines. Chapman. To ENGRATN, eVgrane'. v. a. To die deep ; to die in grain. Spenser. To ENGRA'PPLE, en-grap'-pl. 405. v.n. [from grapple.] To close with ; to contend with hold on each other. Daniel. To ENGRA'SP, gn-grasp'. v. a. To seize; to hold fast in the hand. Spenser. To ENGRA'VE§, gn-grave'. v. a. pret. engraved; part. pass, engraved or engraven^ [engraver, Fr.] To picture by incisions in any matter. Spenser. To mark wood or slone. Exod. xxviii. To im- press deeply; to imprint. Locke. [From grave.] To bury ; to inhume ; to inter. Spenser. ENGRA'VEMENT* en-grave'-ment. n. s. The work of an erlgraver. Barrow. ENGRA'VER, £n-gra/-vur. n. s. A cutter in stone or other matter. Exod. xxxv. ENGRA'VERY*, en-gra'-ve-re. n. s. The work of an engraver. Sir T. Brown. ENGRA'VING*, en-gra'-vmg. n. s. The work of an engraver ; the picture or mark engraved. Exod. xxviii. The art of engraving. To ENGRIE'VE, en-greeve'. v. a. [from grieve.] To pain ; to vex. Spenser. To ENGRO'SS§, en-gr6se'. 162. [See Gross.] v. a. [grossir, Fr.] To thicken; to make thick. Spen- ser. To increase in bulk. Wotton. To fatten; to plump up. Shaksyteare. To seize in the gross ; to seize the whole of any thing. South. To pur- cnase any commodity for the sake of selling it at a aigh price. To copy in a large hand. Shakspeare. j ENGRO'SSER, en-gr6s'-sur. 98. n. s. He that pur chases large quantities of any commodity, in ordei to sell it at a high price. Locke. ENGRO'SSING* en-gr6s'-smg. n. s. The buying up of any commodity in the gross, or forestalling the market. [In law.] The copying of any written in strument. ENGROSSMENT, en-gr6s'-ment. n. s. Appropria tion of things in the gross; exorbitant acquisition Shak. Copy of a written instrument. Ld. Claren don. To ENGUA'RD, en-gard'. 92, 332. v. a. To protect; to defend.. Shakspeare. Ob J. To ENGULF*, en-gulf. v. a. To cast into a gult. Haijward. To ENHA'NCE $, f n-hanse'. 79. v. a. [enhausser, Fr.l To lift up ; to raise on high. Spenser. To raise to advance ; to heighten in price. Locke. To raise in esteem. Atterbnry. To aggravate. Hammonu. ENHANCEMENT, en-hause'-mlnt. n.s. Increases- augmentation of value. Bacon. Aggravation; in- crease of ill. Government of the Tongue. ENHA'NCER* en-han'-sftr. n.s. One who raises the price of a thing. Bp. Hall. To ENHA'RBOUR* en-har'-bur. v. a. To dwell in • to inhabit. W. Browne. To ENHA'RDEN* en-har'-dn. v. a. [enhardir, Fr.] To encourage. Howell. ENHARMO NICK* en-har-m6n'-fk. a. A term ap plied to the last of the three divisions of musick by the ancients ; and applied also to the manner of so disposing the voice in singing, as to render the melody more affecting. Warton. ENFGMA§,e-n?g'-ma.92.n.s. [Siviy^a.] A riddle; an obscure question ; a position expressed in re- mote and ambiguous terms. Dryden. ENIGMA'TICAL, en-lg-mat'-e-kal. 530. a. Obscure ; ambiguously or darkly expressed. Shak. Cloudy; obscurely conceived or apprehended. Hammond. ENIGMATICALLY, en-fg-mat'-e-kal-le. ad. In a sense different from that which the words in theii familiar acceptation imply. Broome. ENIGMA'TICK*, en-ig-mat'-lk. a. Obscure; am biguously described. Beaumont. ENFGMATIST, e-n?g^-ma-tfst. n.s. One who deals in obscure and ambiguous matters; a maker of riddles. Addison. To ENFGMAT1ZE*, e-n?g-ma-tke. v.n. To deaJ in enigmas. To ENJOIN §, en-j6m'. 299. v. a. [enjoindre, Fr.] To direct; to order; to prescribe. Bacon. ENJOTNER, en-j6fn'-ur. n. s. One who gives in junctions. Diet. ENJO'FNMENT^n-jSin'-ment. n.s. Direction; com mand. Brown. To ENJO'Y §, en-jSe'. 329. v. a. [enjouir, Fr.] To feel or perceive with pleasure. Addison. To ob- tain possession or fruition of. Hooker. To please ; to gladden ; to exhilarate; to delight. More. To ENJO'Y, en-j6e'. v. n. To live in happiness Milton. ENJO'Y ABLE*, en-jSe'-a-bl. a. Capable of enjoy ment. Pope. ENJO'YER, en-jSe'-ur. 98. n. s. One that has fruition or possession. South. ENJO'YMENT, en-jSe'-ment. n.s. Pleasure; hap- piness ; fruition. Tillotson. To ENKI'NDLE, en-kin'-dl. 405. v. a. [from kindle.] To set on fire ; to inflame. Shak. To rouse pas- sions. Sliak. To incite to any act or hope. Shak. To ENLA'RD*, en-lard', v. a. \_enlarder, Fr.] To grease ; to baste. Shakspeare. ToENLA'RGE, en-larje'. v.a. [enlargir, Fr.] To make greater in quantity or appearance. Pope. To increase any thing in magnitude; to extend. Locke. To increase by representation ; to magni- fy. To dilate; to expand. 2 Cor. v\. 'To set free from limitation. Shak. To extend to more pur- poses or uses. Hooker. To amplify ; to aggran dize. Locke. To release from confinement. Shak, To diffuse in eloquence. Clarendon. To ENLARGE, en-larje'. v. n. To expatiate ; to 339 ENO ENR 0=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;- -pine, p?n;- speak in many words. Clarendon. To be further extended. Raleigh. ENLA'RGEDLY*, en-lar'-jed-le. ad. In an enlarged manner. Mountagu. ENLARGEMENT, cn-larje'-ment. n.s. Increase; augmentation ; farther extension. Hayward. Re- lease from confinement or servitude. Shak. Mag- nifying representation. Pope. Expatiating speech ; copious discourse. Clarendon. ENLARGER, en-lar'-jur. 98. n.s. Amplifier; one that increases or dilates any thing. Brown. ENLARGING*, en-lar'-jlng. n.s. Enlargement. Eze&.xlu J * To ENLFGHT, en-lite', v. a. To illuminate; to sup- ply with light. Pope. To ENLFGHTEN $, en-ll'-tn. 103. v. a. [enhhfcan, Sax.] To illuminate ; to supply with light. Psalms. To quicken in the faculty of vision. 1 Sam. To instruct ; to furnish with increase of knowledge. Spectator. To cheer to exhilarate ; to gladden. To illuminate with divine knowledge. Hebrews, vi. ENLFGHTENER, en-li'-tn-fir. n. s. Illuminator ; one that gives light. Milton. Instmcter. Warb. To ENLFNK, £h-uW. v. a. [from link.-] To chain to; to connect. Shakspeare. To ENLFST*, en-list', v. a. To enrol or register. To ENLFVE $*, en-llve'. v. a. [from life, live.] To ani- mate; to make alive. Bp. Hall. To ENLFVEN, en-U'-vn. 103. v.a. To make quick; to make alive; to animate. Shenstone. To make vigorous or active. Prior. To make sprightly or vivacious. To make gay or cheerful in ap- pearance. ENLFVENER, en-U'-vn-ur. n.s. That which ani- mates ; that which invigorates. Dryden. ENLFVENING*, en-li'-vn-?ng. n.s. That which makes cheerful. Feltham. To ENLU'MINE, en-lu'-mm. 140. v.a. [enluminer, Fr.] To illumine ; to illuminate. Spenser. Ob. J. To ENMA'RBLE, gn-mar'-bl. 405. v. a. To turn to marble; to harden. Spenser. Ob. J. To ENME'SH, en-mesh', v. a. [from mesh.} To net; to entangle. Shakspeare. To ENME'W. See To Emmew. E'NMITY, en'-me-te. n.s. [from enemy.] Unfriendly disposition ; malevolence ; aversion. Locke. Con- trariety of interests or inc'inations; mutual malig- nity. Shak. State of opposition. Jam. iv. Malice; mischievous attempts. Slmkspeare. To ENMOVE. See To Emmove. ENNE'AGON, en ne'-a-g&n. n. s. \lvvta and ywvia.] A figure of nine angles. ENNEA TICAL, en-ue at'-e-kal. a. [hvta.] Enne- alical days are every ninth day of a sickness; and enneatical years, every ninth year of one's life. To ENNE'W*, en-mV. v. a. To make new. Skelton. To ENNOBLE ^en-i^'-bl. 405. v.a. [ennoblir ,Fr .] To raise from commonalty to nobility. Shak. To dignify; to aggrandize; to exalt ; to raise. South. To elevate ; to magnify. Waller. To make famous or illustrious. Bacon. ENNOBLEMENT, en-n6'-bl-ment. n. s. The act of raising to the rank of nobility. Bacon. Exalta- tion ; elevation ; dignity. Glanville. ENNUI*, on-wee', n. s. [Fr.] Wearisomeness ; fas- tidiousness ; disgust. Gray. ENQDA'TION, en-o-da'-shun. 530. n.s. [enodatio. Lat.] The act of untying a knot ; solution of a difficulty. Diet. To ENODE §*, e-node'. v. a. [enodo, Lat.] To de- clare. Cockeram. Not used. ENORM §*, e-nSrm'. a. [enormis, Lat.] Irregular; deviating from rule. More. Deviating from right ; wicked. Sir C. Cornwallis. ENORMITY, e-n6r'-me-te. n.s. Deviation from rule ; irregularity. Cockeram. Deviation from right; depravity; corruption. Spenser. Atrocious crime; flagitious villany. Swift. ENORMOUS, e-ncV-m&s. 314. a. Irregular; out of rule. Milton. Excursive beyond the limits of a regular figure. Newton. Disordered ; confused. Sliak. Wicked beyond the common measure. Bullokar. Exceeding in bulk the common meas ures. Pope. ENORMOUSLY, e-nSr'-mus-le. ad. Beyond meas ure. Woodward. ENO'RMOUSNESS, e-nSr'-mfis-nes. n.s. Immeas urable excess. Decay of Piety. ENOUGHS, e-nfif. 314, 391. a. fcenoh, Sax.] In a sufficient measure ; so as may satisfy. Locke. ENO'UGH, e-nuf . n. s. Something sufficient in greatness or excellence. Temple. Something equal to a man's powers or faculties. Bacon. ENOUGH §, e-nfii 7 . ad. In a sufficient degree ; in a degree that gives satisfaction. It notes a slight augmentation of the positive degree : as, I am ready enough to quarrel. Bacon. Sometimes it de- notes diminution ; as, The song is well enough. An exclamation noting fulness or satiety. Shakspeare. To ENOUNCE*, e-nounse 7 . v. a. [enuncio, Lat.j To declare. Bally. ENO'W, e-n6u'. 322. The plural of enough. In a sufficient number. Sidney. $5= This word is growing obsolete, but is not quite so much out of date as the word mo, signifying a greater number. We still hear some speakers talk of having ink enough and pens enoio ; but the greater part seem now to use enough, both for quantity and number ; as more has been so used for some centuries. W. EN PASSANT*, ong-pas'-song'. ad. [Fr.] By the way. To ENPIE'RCE*, en-peerse'. v.a. See To Em- pierce. To ENQUFCKEN*, en-kwik'-kn. v. a. [from quick en.] To make alive. More. To ENQUFRE*, £n-kwlre'. ^enquirer, Fr.] This word, with all its dependants, is more usually writ ten with in. But perhaps it ought to be written with en. See To Inquire. ToENRA'CE*, en-rase', v.a. [enraciner, Fr.] T* implant; to enroot. Spenser. Ob. T. To ENRA/GE, en-raje'. v.a. [enrager, Fr.] To irri tate ; to make furious. Hayward. To ENRA'NGEjen-ranje'. v. a. To place regularly ; to put into order. Spenser. To rove over. Spenser. To ENRA'NK, en-rangk'. v. a. To place in orderlv ranks. Shakspeare. To EN RA'PT, en-rapt 7 , v.a. pret.part. enrapt. [from rapt.] To throw into an ecstasy ; to transport with enthusiasm. Shak. Involved ; wrapt up. Arbuthnol. To ENRAPTURE, en-rap'-tshure. v. a. To trans- port with pleasure ; to delight highly. Shenstone. To ENRAVISH§, en rav'-Ish. v. a. To throw into ecstasy. Spenser. ENRAVISHMENT, en-rav'-ish-ment. n. s. Ecstasy of delight. Glanville. To ENRE'GISTER*, en-r&F-jis-tur. v.a. [enregis- trer, Fr.] To enrol ; to register. Spenser. To ENRHETJM, en-rame". v. a. [enrhumer, Fr.] To have rheum through cold. Harvey. To ENRICH $, en-rftsh'. v.a. [enricher, Fr.] To make wealthy ; to make opulent. 1 Sam. xvu. To fertilize; to make fruitful. Blackmore. To store; to supply with augmentation of any thing desirable. Raleigh. ENRICHMENT, en-rltsh'-ment. n.s. Augmenta- tion of wealth. Amplification ; improvement by addition. Bacon. To ENRFDGE, gn-r?dje'. v.a. To form with longi- tudinal protuberances or ridges. Shakspeare. To ENRFNG, en-ring', v. a. To bind r&und ; to en- circle. Shakspeare. To ENRFPEN, en-ri'-pn. 103 v. a. To ripen; to ma- ture ; to bring to perfection Donne. To ENRFVE*, en-rlve'. v x. part, enriven. [lroro rive.] To cleave. Spenser To ENRO'BE, en-r6be'. v. t. To dress; to clothe ; to habit ; to invest. Shakspeare. To ENRO'L§, eW>le'. 406. v.a. [enroller, Fr.] To insert in a roll, or register. 1 Mace. x. To re- cord ; to leave in writing. Sliak. To involve 5 to inwrap. Spenser. ENRO'LLER, en-rol'-lfir. n. *. He that enrols; he that registers. 340 ENS EN r -116, move, n5r, n6t; — i\be, tub, bull ; — 6?l; — pfifmd; — thin, this. SNRO'LMENT, 3u-r6r-m£nl. n.s. Register ; wri- ting in which any thing is recorded; record. Da- vies. To ENRO'OT, en-r6dt'. 306. v. a. To fix by the root 5 to implant deep. Shakspeare. To ENRO'UND, en-r6und'.312. v. a. To environ; to surround ; to encircle ; to enclose. Shakspeare. ENS, &iz. n. s. [Lat.] Any being or existence. [In ehymistry.] Some things that are pretended to contain all the qualities or virtues or the ingredi- ents they are drawn from in a little room. ENSA'MPLE §, en-sam'-pl. n. s. [ensampk, Fr.] Ex- ample ; pattern ; subject of imitation. Phil. iii. To ENSA'MPLE, en-sam'-pl. v. a. To exemplify ; to show by example. Spenser. To ENSA'NGUINE, Sn-san'-gwln. 340. v. a. [san- guis, Lat.] To smear with gore ; to suffuse with blood. Milton. 7VENSCHE'DULE,e , n-sed'-jule.[See Schedule.] v. a. To insert in a schedule or writing. Shak. To ENSCO'NCE, en-skonse'. v. a. [from sconce.] To cover as with a fort ; to secure. Shakspeare. To ENSE'AL*, en-seel', v. a. To impress; to mark as with a seal. Browne. To ENSE'AM, en-seme'. 227. v. a. To sow up ; to enclose by a seam. Camden. To fructify; to fatten. [ensemencer, Fr.] Spenser. ENSE'AMED*, en-seemed, a. Greasy. Shak. To ENSE'AR, en-sere'. 227. v. a. [from sear,] To cauterize ; to staunch or stop with fire. Shakspeare. To ENSE'ARCH*, en-seVtsh'. v. ». [from search.] To try to find. Sir T. Elyot. ENSE'MBLE*, 6n-sam'-bl. n.s. [Fr.] One with another; a relative proportion of parts to the whole ; composition, considered together, and not in parts. Pownall. To ENSHI'ELD, en sheeid'. 275. v. a. To shield ; to cover ; to protect. Sliakspeare. To ENSHRFNE, en-shrine', v. a. [from shrine.] To enclose in a chest or cabinet; to preserve as a thing sacred. Milton. E NSIFORM, en'-se-fdrm. a. [ensifcrmis, Lat.] Hav- ing the shape of a sword. E'NSIGN j, en'-slne. 385. n. s. [enseigne, Fr.] The flag or standard of a regiment. KnoUes. Any sig- nal to assemble. Isa. v. Badge, or mark of dis- tinction. Waller. The officer of foot who carries the flag. $5= I have given the last syllable of this word the long sound, as I am convinced it is the most correct ; though 1 am of opinion that, in the military profession, it is oftener pronounced sh6rt, as if written ens in. Some reasons from analogy might be produced in favour of this latter pronunciation, 144; but they do not seem sufficient to outweigh the more general usage which declares for the former. W. To ENSI'GN*, en-slne'. v. a. [ensigner, old Fr.] To mark with some sign. B. Jonson. E'NSIGNBEARER, en'-slne-ba-rur. n. s. Ke that carries the flag ; the ensign. Sidney. E'NSIGNCY*, eV-sto-se. n. s. The place and quali- ty of the officer who carries the flag. Q£f I have not met with this word in any of our dictiona- ries, but, from its very frequent use in the polite world, am persuaded it deserves a place there, and particular- ly Hi a pronouncing dictionary ; as it must be remarked that, though the second syllable of ensign is generally, and more correctly, pronounced with the i long, the same letter, in the same syllable of ensigncy, is always short. W. LNSKI'ED*, en-skide'.par*. a. [from sky.] Placed in heaven ; made immortal. Shakspeare. To ENSLA'VE §, en-slave', v. a. To reduce to ser- vitude; to deprive of liberty. Milton. To make over to another as his slave or bondman. Locke. ENSLA'VEMENT, en-slave'-ment. n.s. The state of servitude; slavery. South. ENSLA'VER, en-sla'-vfir. n.s. He that reduces otners to a state of servitude. Swift. To ENSNA'RE*. See To Insnare. To ENSNA'RL*,$c-snarI'. 0.0. To entangle. Spen- $er. 24 To ENSNA'RL*, en-snarl', v. n. To snarl ; to gnasb the teeth. Cockeram, To ENSO'BER, en-s6'-bor. v. a. To make sober- to compose. Bp. Taylor. To ENSPHE'RE*, en-sfeer'. v. a. To place in a sphere. J. Hall. To form into roundness. Carew. To ENSTA'MP*, en-stamp', v. a. To fix a mark by impressing it. liewyt. To ENSTE'EP* See To Insteep. To ENSTY'LE*, en-stile', v. a. [from style.] To name ; to call. Draijton. To ENSU'E-§,6n-su'. v. a. [ensuer, Norman French.] To follow ; to pursue. Psalm xxxiv. To ENSU'E, &n-su'. v. n. To follow as a consequence to premises. Hooker. To succeed in a train of events, or course of time. Sliakspeare. ENSU'RABLE*. See Insurable. ENSU'RANCE, £n-shu'-ranse. n. s. Exemption from hazard, obtained by the payment of a certain sum Marq. of Halifax. The sum paid for security. ENSU'RANCER, estate. Blackstone. Engraver's work ; inlay, [in tas;lio. ItalJ Spenser. To ENTA'IL, en-tale', v. a. To settle the descent of any estate so that it cannot be by any subsequent possessor bequeathed at pleasure. Shak. To fix unalienably upon any person or thing. Dighy. To carve. Spenser. To ENTA'IL, en-tale', v.n. To cut. Spenser. Ob. J. ToENTA'ME, en-tame', v. a. To tame; to subju- gate ; to subdue. Gower. To ENTA'NGLE §, en-tang'-gl. 405. v. a. [tagl, hair Gothick.] To inwrap or ensnare with something not easily extricable. To lose in multiplied involu- tions. To twist, or confuse in such a manner as that a separation cannot easily be made. To in- volve in difficulties; to embarrass; to perplex. Shak. To puzzle ; to bewilder. Hayward. To ensnare by captious questions or artful talk. SL Matt. xxii. To distract with variety of cares. 2 Tim. ii. To multiply the intricacies or difficulties of a work. ENTA'NGLEMENT, en-tang'-gl-ment. n. s. Invo- lution of any thing intricate or adhesive. More, Perplexity ; puzzle. Glanville. ENTA'NGLER, en-tang'-glur. n.s. One that entan- gles. To ENTEWDER* en-ten'-dur. v. a. [from tender.] To treat with kindness; to protect. Young. To E'NTER§,en'-t§r. 98. v. a. [entrer, Fr.] To go or come into any place. Milton. To initiate in a bu siness, method, or society. Walton. To introduce or admit into any counsel. Sliak. To set down in a writing. Graunt. To E'NTER, en'-ter. v n. To come in ', to gc ift. 341 ENT ENT KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;-plne, pin ;— Judges, xviii. To penetrate mentally; to make intellectual entrance. Addison. To engage in. Addison. To be initiated in. Miilon. ENTERDEAL, eV-ter-dele. n. s. [entre and deal.] Reciprocal transactions. Spenser. Ob. J. ENTERER*, en'-ter-ur. n.s. One who is making a beginning. Seward. ENTERING, eV-ter-Ing. n s. Entrance 5 passage into a place. Isaiah, xxiii. ENTJ To ENTERLA'CE, en-ter-lase'. v. a. [entrelasser, Fr.] To intermix ; to interweave. Sir T. ELyot. ENTERO CELE, en-ter'6-sele. [See Hydrocele.] n. >\ [Lat.] A rupture from the bowels pressing through the peritonaeum, so as to fall down into the groin. Quincy. ENTERO'LOGY, en-te-r&l'^-je. n.s. [hrepov and \6yo$.] The anatomical account of the bowels and internal parts. ENTERO'MPHALOS,en-ter-&m'-fa-los. n. s. [hre- oov and buQdXos.] An umbilical or navel rupture. ENTERPA'RLANCE,en-ter-parManse. n.s. [entre and parler, Fr.] Parley ; mutual talk ; conference. Hay ward. EINTERPLEA DER, en-ter-ple'-d&r. re. s. [entre and plead.] The discussing of a point incidentally falling out, before the principal cause can take end. Cornel. ENTERPRISE §, en'-ter-prlze. re. s. [entreprise, Fr.] An undertaking of hazard ; an arduous attempt. Judith, ii. To ENTERPRISE, en'-ter-prlze. v. a. To under- take ; to attempt ; to essay. Milton. To receive ; To entertain. Spenser. ENTERPRISER, en'-ter-prl-zur. n. s. A man of enterprise 5 one who undertakes great things. Hay- ward. To ENTERTA'IN §, en-ter-uW. v. a. [entretenir, Fr.] To converse with ; to talk with. Locke. To treat at the table. Addison. To receive hospitably. Heh. xiii. To keep in one's service. Spe?iser. To reserve in the mind. Decay of Piety. To please ; to amuse ; to divert. Decay of Piety. To admit with satisfaction. Locke. ENTERTAIN*, en-ter -uW. re. s. [entretiert, Fr.] Entertainment. Spenser. Ob. T. ENTERTAINER, en-ter-ta'-nur. n. s. He that keeps others in his service. Bacon. He that treats others at his table. Milton.. He that receives sincerely and reverentially. Bp. Hall. He that pleases, di- verts, or amuses. Nash. ENTERTAININGLY*, en-ter-ta'-ning-le. ad. In an amusing manner. Dr. Warton. ENTERTAINMENT, en-ter-tane'-inent. n. s. Con- versation. Sliak. Treatment at the table ; convivial S revision. Spenser. Hospitable reception. Spenser. deception; admission. Sprat. The state of being in pay, as soldiers or servants. Shak. Payment of soldiers or servants. Duties. Amusement; diversion. Bacon. Dramatick performance ; the lower comedy. Gay. ENTERTI'SSUED,en-ter-tlsh'-ude. a. [entre and tissue.] Interwoven or intermixed with various col- ours or substances. Shakspeare. E'NTHEAT*, en'-thhe. a. [evQcog.] Our old word for enthusiastick. XV. Hodgson. To ENTHRAL*. See ToTnthral. To ENTHRI'L*, en-i/iril'. v. a. [from thrill.] To pierce : to penetrate. Sackville. To ENTHRONE $, &i-*/ir6ne'. v. a. [enthroner, Fr.] To place on a regal seat. Shak. To invest with sovereign authority. Selden. To ENTHRON1ZE*, en-^ro'-nize. 159. v. a. To enthrone. Davies. To ENTHUNDER*, en-^un'-dur. n. re. To make a noise like thunder. Mirror for Magistrates. ENTHU'SIASM§, en-i/uV-zhe-azm. n.s. [hdowtaa- ftdj.] A vain belief of private revelation ; a vain »»nfidence of divine favour. Locke. Heat of im- *gination ; violence of passion. Warburton. Ele- vation of fancy ; exaltation of ideas. Dry den. tgj- For the pronunciation of the third syllable of this ana the three [4] following words, see Eccle9iastich, and Principles, No. 451. W ENTHU'SIAST,en-*/iu'-zhe-ast. re. s. One who vain- ly imagines a private revelation; one who has a vain confidence of his intercourse with God. Pagitt. One of a hot imagination, or violent passions. Pope* One of elevated fancy, or exalted ideas. Dryden. ENTHUSIA'STICAL, en-Z/nV-zhe-as'-te-kal. ; ENTHUSIAST 1CK, en-tfu'-zhe-as'-tlk. \ *" [evOovsiaariKos.] Persuaded of some communication with the Deity. Calamy. Vehemently hot in any cause. Elevated in fancy ; exalted in ideas. Bunie't. ENTHUSIASTICK*, en-^u-zhe-as'-tlk. re. s. An enthusiast. Sir T. Herbert. ENTHYMEM, en'-i/ie-mem. re. s. [ev0fyj//«i.] An argument consisting only of an antecedent and con- sequential proposition ; a syllogism where the ma jor proposition is suppressed, and only the minoi and consequence produced in words. Brown. To ENTFCE§, en-tlse'. v. a. [enticer, old Fr.] To al- lure ; to attract ; to draw by blandishments or hopes^ Ascham. ENTFCEMENT, en-tlse'-ment. re. s. The act or practice of alluring to ill. Hooker. The means by which one is allured to ill ; blandishment; allure ment. Shakspeare. ENTI'CER, en-ti'-sur. 98. re. s. One that allures to ill. Burton. ENTICING*, en-tl'-sing. re. s. The act of alluring to evil. South. ENTPCINGLY, en-tl'-sing-le. ad. Charmingly; in a winning manner. Bexumont and Fletcher. ENTIERTY, en-tire'-te. n. s. [entierte, old Fr.] The whoie ; not barely a part. Bacon. ENTIRES, en-tire', a. [entier, Fr.] Whole; undi- vided. Bacon. Unbroken ; complete in its parts. Newton. Full ; complete ; comprising all requisites in itself. Hooker. Sincere ; hearty. Shak. Firm ; sure ; solid ; fixed. Pnor. Unmingled ; unallayed. Milton. Honest ; firmly adherent ; faithful. Claren- don. In full strength ; with vigour unabated ; with power unbroken. Impartial. Clarendon. Inward. Spe?iser. ENTIRELY', en-tlre'-le. ad. In the whole ; without divisHn. Raleigh. Completely ; fully. Milton. With firm adherence ; faithfully. Spenser. ENTPRENESS, en-tlre'-nes. re. s. Totality ; com pleteness ; fulness. Donne. Honesty ; integrity Intimacy ; familiarity ; friendship. Bp. Hall. ENTPRETY*, en-tW-te. re.*. Completeness. Black- stone. See Entierty. gjT This word, though very expressive, is ill formed, aa it, in some measure, clashes with that numerous class of words ending in ity, where the i makes a distinct syl- lable ; but, as this word is a formation of our own, we must be careful to pronounce it in three syllables. W. ENT1TATIVE*, en'-te-ta-tfv. a. Considered by it- self; abstracted from all circumstances. Ellis. ENTITATIVELY*, en'-te-ta-tlv-le. ad. A thing considered nakedly and precisely, according to what it is in itself. Chambers. To ENTITLE, en-tl'-tl. 405. v. a. [entituler, Fr.] To grace or dignify with a title or honourable appella- tion. To give a title or discriminative appellation. Hooker. To superscribe, or prefix as a title. Locke. To give a claim to any thing. Dryden. To grant any thing as claimed by a title. Locke. ENTITY, en'-te-te. re. s. [entitas, low Lat.] Some- thing which really is ; a real being. Brown. A particular species of being. Bacon. To ENTO'IL, en-tSlF. v. a. To ensnare; to entangle ; to bring into toils or nets. Bacon. To ENTOMB §, en-toSm'. 11. a. [entomber, old Fr.] To put into a tomb ; to bury. Hooker. ENTO'MBMENT*, en-todm'-ment. re. s. Burial. Barrow. ENTOMO'LOGY'*, en-to-mol'-o-je. re. s. [evTo/im, and \6y09.] That part of natural history which treats of insects. While. ENTORTILA'TION*, en-tSr-te-la'-shun. re. *. [ere tortillement, Fr.] A turning into a circle or round figure. Donne. To ENTRA'IL, en-trale'. v. a. [intrakiare, Ital.] T& mingle ; to interweave ; to diversify. Spenser. 342 ENU ENW — no, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub. bull ; — 611 ; — pdund ; — th'm, this. E'NTRAILS, ftn'-trllz. 208. n. s. [without a singu lar.] [erttrailles, Fr.] The intestines ; the inward parts ; the bowels. Shak. The internal parts. Shak. ENTRA'MMELLED*, en-tram'-meld. a. [from trammel.] Curled ; frizzled. Shencood. E'NTRANCE, en'-transe. n. s. [entrant, Fr.] The power of entering 1 into a place. Shak. The act of entering. Shak. The passage by which a place is entered ; avenue. Judges, iv. Initiation ; com- mencement. Locke. Intellectual ingress ; knowl- edge. Bacon. The act of taking possession of an office or dignity. Hay ward. The beginning of any thing. Hakewill. To ENTRANCE, en-tritnse'. 91. v. a. [from trance.] To put into a trance. To put into an ecstasy. Milton. To ENTR AT, en-trap', v. a. [entraper, old Fr.] To ensnare ; to catch in a trap. Spenser. To involve unexpectedly in difficulties 3 to entangle. Spenser. To take advantage of. Ecclus. viii. To ENTREA'SURE*. See To Intreasure. To ENTRE AT §, en-trete'. 227. v. a. [trailer, Fr.] To petition; to solicit; to importune. Gen. xxv. To prevail upon by solicitation. Gen. xxv. To treat or use well or ill. Ecclus. vii. To entertain ; to amuse. Shak. To entertain ; to receive. Spenser. To ENTRE'AT, en-trete'. v. n. To offer a treaty or compact. 1 Mace. x. To treat ; to discourse. Hake- will. To make a petition. Shaiespeare. ENTRE'AT*, en-trete'. n. s. Entreaty. Tragedy of Soliman and Perseda. Ob. T. ENTRE'AT ABLE*, en-tre'-la-bl. a. That may be entreated, or is soon entreated. Huloet. ENTRE'AT ANCE, en-tre'-lanse. n. s. Petition; entreaty; solicitation. Fairfax. Ob. J. ENTREATER*, en-tre'-lur. n.s. One who makes a petition. Fu/ke. ENTRE'ATIVE*, en-tre'-tiv. a. Treating; plead- ing. Brewer. ENTRE'ATY, en-tre'-te. n.s. Petition ; prayer ; so- licitation ; request. SJiak. Reception ; entertain- ment. B. Jonson. ENTREME'TS. n.s. [Fr.] Small plates set be- tween the main dishes. Mortimer. ENTREPOT*, on-tre-po'. n.s. [Fr.] A maga- zine ; a warehouse. Pownall. To ENTRl'CK*, en-trlk'. v. a. [intriquer, old Fr.] To deceive; to perplex; to entangle. Chaucer. E'NTRY, en'-tre. n. s. The passage by which any- one enters a house. Bacon. The act of entrance ; ingiess. Bacon. The act of taking possession of any estate. The act of registering or setting down in writing. Bacon. The act of entering publickly into any city. Bacon. To ENTU'NE*, en-tune', n. a. [mtonner, old Fr.] To tune ; to chant. Chaucer. To ENTWFNE*. See 2'oLvtwine, To ENTWI'ST*, en-twfst'. v. a. To wreath round, or together. SJiaksjieare. To ENU'BILATE, e-nu'-be-late. v. n. [e and nubile, Lat.] To clear from clouds. Diet. 3ToENL T/ CLEATE§, e-nu'-kle-ate. v. a. [enucko, Lat.] To solve ; to clear; to disentangle. ENUCLEATION*, e-ni-kle-a'-shun. n. s. Expla- nation ; plain manifestation. Cotgrave. To ENU'AlERATE$, e-nu'-me-rate. v. a. [enumero, Lat.] To reckon up singly. Wake. ENUMERATION, e-nu-me-ra'-shfin. n. s. The act of numbering 1 or counting over. Sprat. ENU'MERATIYT*, e-ntf-me-ra-tlv. a. Reckoning up singly ; counting over. Bp. Taylor. To ENU'NCIATE $, e-nun'-she-ate. v. a. [enuncio, Lat.] To declare ; to proclaim ; to relate 5 to ex- press. Bp. Barlow. ENUNCIATION, e-nun-she-a'-sbun. n. s. Declara- tion ; publick attestation. Bp. Taylor. Intelligence ; information. Hale. Expression, in writing. Play- fair. Manner of utterance. Lord Chesterfield. ENU'NCIATIVE, e-nun'-she-a-tlv. a. Declarative ; expressive. Sir T. Elyot. ENU'NCIATIVELY, e-nfin'-she-a-tiv-le. [SeePRO- M7Nciation.] ad. Declarative!}'. ToENU'RE* See To Inure. To EN VASSAL*, en-vas'-sal. v. a. [from vassal.'] To make over to another as his slave. More. To ENVE'IGLE*. See To Inveigle. To ENVELOPES, en-vel'-fip. v. a. [enveloper, Fr.] To inwrap ; to cover. Chaucer. To hide ; to sur round. Locke. To line; to cover on the inside, Spenser. ENVELOPE, on-ye-lope'. [en'-ve-lope, Perry ; en-ve-lope', Jones ; en-veV-up, Webster.] n.s. [Fr.J A wrapp.gr ; an outward case. Burnet. 05" This word, signifying the outward case of a letter, is always pronounced in the French manner by those who can pronounce French, and, by those who cannot, the 1 initial e is changed into an 0. Sometimes a more Eng- '■ lishman attempts to give the nasal vowel the French sound, and exposes himself to laughter by pronouncing g after it, as if written ongvelope. This is as ridicu Tous, to a polite ear, as if he pronounced it, as it ought to be pronounced, like the verb to envelops. W. I ENVE'LOPEMENT*, en-vel'-up-ment. n. s. Per- j plexity; entanglement. Search. ! To ENVE NOM.en-veV -urn. 166. v. a. [fromm?ow?.;j j To taint with poison ; to poison. Shak. To make •; odious. Shak. To enrage : to exasperate. Dryden. I To ENVE RMEIL*, en-veV-mele. v. a. [vermeil Fr.J To dye red. M'dion. JEN VIABLE, en'-ve-a-bl. 405. a. Deserving envy 5. j such as may excite envy. Carew. ! E.W1ER, eV-ve-ur. 98. n.s. One that envies an- 1 other; a maligner. Bacon. ENVIOUS, en'-ve-us. 314. a. Infected with envy j pained by the excellence or happiness of another. Sidney. E'NVtOUSLY, en'-ve-us-le. ad. With envy: witfe I maligivtv; with ill-will. Duppa. ! 7bEiNvT"RON$, en-vl'-run. 1G6. v. a. [envirenner. j Fr.] To surround ; to encompass. Joshua, vii. To I involve ; to envelope. Donne. To surround in a ! hostile manner ; to besiege ; to hem in. Shak. Tc enclose ; to invest. Cleavehrd. ENVTROINS, on-ve-ronz', or en-vl'-rfinz. 166. n.s.. [enviro7is, Fr.] The neighbourhood or neighbour- ing places round about the country. Lord Chester- field. 55= This word is in general use, and ought to be pro- nounced like the English verb to environ : but the van- ity of appearing polite keeps it still in the French prtr- nunciation; and, as the nasal vowels in the first and last syllables are not followed by hard c or g, it is impossible for a mere Englishman to pronounce it fash- ionably. — See Encore. W. E'NVOYS, en'-v6e. n.s. [envoyc, Fr.] A publick minister sent from one power to another. Bmham,. A publick messenger, in dignity below an ambas- sadour. Sir T. Herbert. A messenger. Blackmorc Formerly a kind of postscript, sent with composi- tions, to enforce or recommend what had been pre- viously written, whether in prose or rhyme. War ton. E'NVOYSHIP*, en'-vSe-shlp. n.s. The office of an envov. Coventry. ToE'NVY^en'-ve. v. a. [envier, Fr.] To hate an- other for excellence, happiness, or success. Prov. iii. To grieve at any qualities of excellence in another. Shak. To grudge. ; to impart unwillingly; to with hold maliciously. Dryden. £5= The ancient pronunciation of this word was with the acce; t on the last syllable, and the y sounded as in eye, as the Scotch pronounce it at this day. W. To E'NVY, en'-ve. v. n. To feel envy ; to feel paia at the sight of excellence or felicitv. Bp. Taylor. E'NVY, en'-ve. 182. n. s. Pain felt and malignity conceived at the sight of excellence or happiness, Ray. Rivalry ; competition. Dryden. Malice . malignity. Shak. Publick odium ; ill-repute. Ba- con. E'NVYFNG*, en'-ve-ing. n.s. Ill-will 3 malice. Gala- tians v. EN WA LLOWED*, en-w6lM6de. part. a. Wallow. ing. Spenser. 343 EPI EPI HT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met 3— pine, pin: To ENWHE'EL, en-hweeF. v. a. [from wlieel.] To encompass ; to encircle. Sliakspeare. To ENWI DEN*, en-wl'-dn. v. a. To make wider. Cocker am. roENWO'MB,en-wo6m'. v. a. [from womb.-] To make pregnant. Spenser. To bury 5 to hide as in a womb. Donne. To EN WRAP $*. See To Inwrap. ENWRA'PMENT*, en-rap'-ment. n. s. A covering) a wrapper. Shuckford. EO'LIAN*, e-o'-le-an. )a. [from ^Eolia.] Denoting EO'LICK*, e-&F-fk. $ one of the five dialects of the Greek tongue. Also a particular kind of verse ; and, in musick, one of the modes of the ancients. ' Mil/on. EO'LIAN Harp*, e-6'de-an-harp. An instrument so called from iEolus, the heathen deity of winds 5 as it produces its wild and often exquisite strains merely by the action of the wind. Thomson. EO'LIPILE, e-ol'-e-pile. n. s. {^Eolus and pila.] A hollow ball of metal with a long pipe ; which ball, filled with water and exposed to the fire, sends out, as the water heats, at intervals, blasts of cold wind through the pipe. Burnet. E'PACT, e'-pakt. n. s. [haKrbg.] A number, where- by we note the excess of the common solar year above the lunar, and thereby may find out the age of the moon every year. Hand's. EP.ENE'TlCKVep-e-neV-ik.a. [toii^r^.] Lau- datory; panegyrical. Phillips. EPA'ULEMENT, e-pawl'-mgnt. n.s. [Fr/J [In for- tification.] A sideworlc made either of earth thrown up, of bags of earth, gabions, or of fascines and earth. Harris. EPAULE'T*, ep'-aw-let. n. s. [epaulette, Fr.] An or- nament for the shoulder ; a shoulder-knot 3 chiefly now a military word. Burke. EPE'NTHESIS, e-peV-tfie-sis. 503. n. s. [hevdems.] The addition of a vowel or consonant in the middle of a word. Harris. E'PHA, e'-fa. n. s. [Heb.] A measure among the Jews, containing fifteen solid inches. Ezek. xlv. EPHEMERA, e-lem'-e-ra. 92. n.s. [icp^epr,.] A fe- ver that terminates in one day. An insect that lives only one day. ft^T I was much surprised when I found Mr. Sheridan had given the long open sound 'of e to the second syllable of ephemera, ephemcris, &c. If it was in compliment to the Greek eta, the same reason should have induced him to give the sound of long e to the first syllable of hemistich; demagogue, and rhetorick. W. EPHE'MERAL, e-ftW-e-ral. 33. } a. Diurnal: EPHE'MERICK, e-feW-e-rik. 510. $ beginning and ending in a day. Wotton. EPHEME'RIDES*,ef-e-meV-e-dez. n.s. Astronom- ical tables, showing the present state of the heavens for every dav at noon. Burton. EPHE'MERIS§, e-fem'-e-r?s. n.s. [ip W < ? .] A journal ; an account of daily transactions. An ac- count of the daily motions and situations of the plan- ets. Dryden. EPHE'MERIST, e-fem'-e-rfst. n. s. One who con- sults the planets ; one who studies or practises astrology. Howell. EPHE'MERON-WORM, e-fem'-e-r6n-wurm. n. s. A sort of worm that lives but a day. Derlvxm. EPHE'MEROUS*, e-fem'-e-r&s. a. Beginning and ending in a day. Burke. EPHE'SIAN*, e-fe'-zhun. n. s. [from Ephesus.] One of those in Ephesus, to whom St. Paul ad- dressed an epistle. Bp. Percy. Jn the time of Shakspeare, a vulgar appellatxon, or familiar phrase, probably derived from the dissolute man- ' hers of the Ephesians. Shakspeare. EPHIA'LTES*, gf-e-al'-tez. n. s. [ty/aAr^.] The disease called the night-mare. Brand. E'PHOD, ef-6d, ore'-fod.n. s. [.iibn] A sort of ornament worn by the Hebrew priests. Exodus. #?T Scott, Buchanan^ W. Johnston, Nares, and Ash, adopt the first ; Entick. and Kenrick the last, which, in my opinion, is the best. W. EPICE'DE*, ep-e-sede'. n. s. [to^iof.] A funeral discourse or song. Bale. EPICE'DIAN*, ep-e-se'-de-an. a. Elegiack 5 mourn- ful. Cockeram. EPICE DIUM, ep-e-se'-de-um. n. s. An elegy 3 a poem upon a funeral. Sandys. E-TICENE*, ep'-e-sene. a. [epicoenus, Lat.] Com mon; of both kinds : the term, in grammar, of owe of the Latin genders. B. Jonson. E'PIOK, ep'-lk. a. [to$.] Narrative ; comprising narrations, not acted, but rehearsed. Dryden. ETICK*, ep'-lk. n. s. An epick poem. Campbell. E'PICURE §, ep'-e-kure. n. s. [epicareus, Lat.l A fol lower of Epicurus 3 a man given wholly to luxury. Shakspeare. EPICUREAN*, ep-e-kiWe'-an. [See European.] n. s. One of the sect of Epicurus. Acts, xvii. EPICUREAN, ep-e-kuVre'-an. a. Pertaining to the sect of Epicurus. Milton. Luxurious ; contributing to luxury. Shakspeare. ETICURISM, ep'-e-ku-rizm. n. s. Luxury; sensu- al enjoyment 3 gross pleasure. Government of tin Tongue. The doctrine of Epicurus. Waterland. §Cr Mr. Mason tells us, that this word should have the accent on the third syllable. For my own part, I think that accentuation of the word as faulty as the explana- tion. It seems to me, that Epicureanism is an attach- ment to the doctrines of Epicurus 3 and that epicurism is formed from the word epicure^ which signifies a sen- sualist, and particularly in eating, or rather delicacy in eating. A lady once told Mr. Hume, that she had heard he was a great epicure ; No, madam, said he, I am onlj a glutton. W. TbE'PICURIZE, ep'-e-ku-rke. v.n. To devour like an epicure. To feast 3 to riot. Fuller* To profess the doctrine of Epicurus. Cuduorth. EPICYCLE, ep'-e-sl-kl. 405. n. s. [iwf_ and kvk\o S .] A little circle, whose centre is in the circumference of a greater ; or a small orb, which, being fixed in the deferent of a planet, is carried along with its motion; and yet, with its own peculiar motion, carries the body of the planet fastened to it round about its proper centre. Brown. EPICYCLOID, ep-e-sl'-klofo. n. s. A curve gene- rated by the revolution of the periphery of a circle along the convex or concave part of another circle Hanis. EPIDEMICAL, ep-e-deW-e-kal. ) a. [to and Sf, EPIDE'MICK, ep-e-dem'-nk. 509. S P°?.] That which falls at once upon great numbers of people, as a plague. Bacon. Generally prevailing 3 affecting great numbers. South. General j universal. Howell. EPIDE'RMIS. ep-e-der'-mis. n. s. [to<%t f .] The scarf-skin of a man's body. EPIGA'STRICK* ep-e-gas'-trfk. a. [to and yao- rrip.] The epigastrkk region is a name given to the upper part of ihe abdomen. Chambers. EPIGE' UM*, ep-e-je'-um. n. s. [to and yi).] That part of the orbit in which any planet comes nearest to the earth. EPIGLO'TTIS*, ep-e-gl6f-t?s. n.s. [toyWr^.j The thin movable cartilage, in form of a little tongue, which covers the aperture of the windpipe Ash E'PIGRAM§, ep'-e-gram. n.s. [epigramma, Lat.| A short poem terminating in a point. Sliakspeare EPIGRAMMA'TICAL. ep-e-gram-mat'-e-kal. ) n EPIGRAMMA'TICK, ^p-e-gr-dm-mat'-ik. 509. \ Dealing in epigrams; writing epigrams. Camden. Suitable, or belonging to epigrams. Addison. EPIGRAMMATIST, ep-e-gram'-ma-tfst. n.s. One who writes or deals in epigrams. Peacham. Pope. ETIGRAPH*, ep'-e-graf. n. s. [toypa^J?.] A title; an inscription. Bullokar. EPPGRAPHE. n. s. An inscription on a statue. Diet. ETILEPSY§, ep'-e-lep-se. n. s. [toX^?.] A con- vulsion, or convulsive motion of the whole body, or of some of its parts, with a loss of sense. Quincy. EPILEPT1CAL*, ep-e-ley-te-kal. «• Convulses disordered as by an epilepsy. Spenser. EPILETTICK, ep-e-lep'-tik. 509. a. Diseased witi an epilepsy. Arbuthnot. EPI'LOGISM*. e-pfl'-o-jlzm. n. s. [toXoyta/i&j .' Computation ; enumeration. Gregory. 'MA EPI EQU -no, move, nor, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 611; — p6imd; — thin, thjs. \einvLKiov ] A EPILOG1 STICK*, ep-e-i6-j?s'-tik. a. Having the nature of an epilogue. Warton. To EPFLOG1SE* See To Eviloguize. E'PILOGUEt ep'-e-log. 338. n. s. [hfroyos.] The poem or speech at the end of a play. Sluikspeare. To E'PILOGUIZE*, e-pSl'-6-gylze. v. n. To make conclusion or end. Cockeram. To speak an epi- logue. Mil ton. To EPI'LOGUIZE*, e-pil'-6-gylze. v. a. To add to in the manner of an epilogue. Student. EPINI'CION*, ep-e-nfehQ-fin. n. s. [h song of triumph. T. Warton. EPINY'CTIS, ep-e-nlk'-tls. n.s. [hivvKns.] A sore at the corner of the eye. Wiseman. EPIPHANY, e-plf'-fa-ne. n. s. |> t 0avaa.] A church festival, celebrated on the twelfth day after Christ- mas, in commemoration of our Saviour's being manifested to the world, by the appearance of a miraculous blazing star, which conducted the magi to the place where he was. Wlieatley. EPIPHONE'MA. ep-e-fo-ne'-ma. 92, n. s. [ht^- vr)jia^] An exclamation ; a conclusive sentence not closely connected with the words foregoing. Swift, EPI'PHORA, e-plf-f6-ra. 92. n. s. [hio 9 a.~\ An in- flammation of any part, but more especially a de- fluxion of humours on the eyes. Harris. EPIPHYLLOSPE'RMOUS, ep-e-fil-16-speV-mus. a. [from irrt, (pvXKov, ffirepixa.'] Is applied to plants that bear their seed on the back part of their leaves. Harris. EPIPHYSIS, e-plf-e-sls. 520. n.s. [htQvats.] Ac- cretion ; the part added by accretion. Wiseman. EPFPLOCE, e-p?p'-l6-se. n. s. [im-Ao^.] A figure in rhetorick, by which one aggravation, or striking circumstance, is added in due gradation to another. EPFSCOPACY, e-pls'-ko-pa-se. n. s. [episcopates, Lat.] The government of bishops, the government of the church established bv the apostles. Clarendon. EPFSCOPAL, e-pls / -k6-pal. a. [episcopus, Lat.] Be- f longing to a bishop. Hooker. Vested in a bishop. Rogers'. EPISCOPALIANS*, e-p?s-k6-pa/-le-anz. n. s. plur. Those who adhere to the established church of England. EPFSCOPALLY*, e-pls'-k6-pal-le. ad. In an epis- copal manner ; by episcopal authority. Burnet. EPISCOPATE, e-pls'-ki-pate. 91. n. s. A bish- oprick; the office and dignity of a bishop. Arnald. ETISCOPY*. n. s. [hiaKdmos.] Survey; search. Milton. EPISODES, ep'-e-sode. n.s; [hr'tcaSr,.] An inci- dental narrative, or digression in a poem, separa- ble from the main subject, yet rising naturally from it. Addison. EPISO'DICAL. ep-e-sod'-e-kal. )a. Contained in EPISO'DICK, ep-e-s&d'-lk.509. \ an episode ; per- taining to an episode. Dri/den. EPISPA 'STICK, ep-e-spas'-tlk. n. s. \_M and < nrdw.'] Drawing. Blistering. Arbuthnot. EPISTLE §, e-pis'-sl. 472. [See Apostle.] n. s. [fTTforoXr/.] A letter. Dry den. EPISTOLARY, e-pls'-t6-!ar-e. a. Relating to let- ters : suitable to letters. Warton. Transacted by letters. Addison. EPISTO'LICAL*, ep-ts-t&l'-e-kal. a. Having the form and manner of an epistle. Bentley. EPPSTLER, e-pls'-l&r. 98. n. s. A writer of letters. Bp. Hall. Formerly he who regularly assisted at the communion table in the service of our church, and read in the epistle. Const, and Can. To EPI'STOLIZE*, e-pfs'^-llze. v. n. To write letters. Howell. EPISTROPHEI e-pls'-tri-fe. n. s. [i^roocb?,.] [In rhetorick.] A figure which concludes each member of a sentence ^ith the same affirmation. Cha?n- bers. E'FISTYLE*, ep'-e-stlle. n. s. [hiaruhov.] An ar- chitrave. EPFTASIS*, e-plt'-a-sls. n. s. [hirzivw] In the an- cient drama, the progress of the plot. B. Jonson. E PITAPH§, ep'-e-taf. n.s. [Imrafiov.] An inscrip- tion upon a tomb Shaksveare. EITTATHIAN*, ep-e-ta/-fe-an. a. Pertaining to aa epitaph. Milton. EPITHALA'MIUM, ep-e-tfm-la'-me-um. n. s. [hi- da\diuiov.] A nuptial song ; a compliment upon marriage. Sandys. EPITHA'LAMY*, ep-e-2/ial'-a-me. n. s. A nuptial song. Chudleioh. E'PlTHEM, ep'-e-^em. n. s. [hidr lr a.'\ A liquid medicament externaiby applied. Browtr. ET1THET §, ep'-e-thk. n. s. [hidnrov.] An adjec tive denoting any quality, good or bad. Bp. Hall. To ETPTHET*, ep'-e-//;et. v. a. To entitle ; to de- scribe the quality of. Wotton. EPITOME §, e-pft'-o-me. n. s. [hiro^.] Abridge- ment; abbreviature; compendious abstract. Wotton. To EPFTOMISE, e-plV-6-mlze. v. a. To abstract j to contract into a narrow space. Donne. To di- minish; to curtail. Addiso?i. EPFTOMISER, e-plt'^-ml-zur. } n.s. Anabridger; EPFTOMIST, e-plt'-6-mlst. $ an abstractor. Burton. Milton. ETOCH, ep'-ok, or e'-pok. ) n. s. [ho X n.'] The time E'POCHA, ep 7 -6-ka. ) at which a new com- putation is begun ; the time from which dates are numbered. South. fry' As the last of these words is Latin, from the Greek k-o^j], the Latin accent and quantity on the antepenul- timate syllable is preserved by polite speakers ; and the first, being anglicised, and containing only two sylla- bles, falls into the quantity of the original. Buchanan, Nares, and Ash, make the first syllable of epoch short ; but Perry and Kenrick, in my opinion, make it more properly long. W. E'PODE^p'-ode^re'-pode.rc.s. [hu>So S .] Thestan za following the strophe and antislrophe. Milton. $ry* Entick, Scott, Perry, W. Johnston, Nares, and Ash, make the first c short ; but Kenrick makes it long, as, in my opinion, it ought to be. W. EPOPE'E, ep-c-pe'. n.s. [kirovo'iia.] Anepickorhe- roick poem. Dryden. E'PULARY $*, e'p'-u-la-re. a. [epalaris, Lat.] Be- longing to feasts or banquets. Scott. EPULA'TION, ep-u-kV-shQn. n.s. Banquet; feast. Brown. EPULO TICK, e>u-l6t'-fk. n. s. [hov^nKos.] A cicatrizing- medicament. Wiseman. EQUABFL1TY, e-kwa-bil'-e-te. n. s. Equality to itself; evenness ; uniformity. Ray. Evenness of temper. Sir T. Elyol. E'QUABLE^, e'-kwa-bl. 405. a. [aequabilis, Lat.] Equal to itself; even ; uniform. Bentley. EQUABLY, e'-kwa-ble. ad. Uniformly; evenly; equally lo itself. Cheyne. EQUAL §, e'-kwal. 36, 88. a. [crqualis, Lat.] Like another in bulk, or any quality that admits com- parison. Ecclus. xxxii. Adequate to any purpose. Clarendon. Even ; uniform. Dryden. In just pro- portion. Dryden. Impartial; neutral ; just. Ezek. xviii. Indifferent. Beaumont and Fletcher. Equi table; advantageous alike to both parties. 2 Mace xiii. Being upon the same terms. 2 Mace. viii. E''Q.UAL, e'-kwal. n. s. One not inferiour or supe riourto another. 2 Mace. ix. One of the same age Gal. Equalitj'. Spenser. To E'QUAL, e'-kwal. v. a. To make one thing or person equal to another. Lament. To rise to the same state with another person. Trumbull. To be equal to. Sbak. To recompense fully. Dryden. EQUALISATION*, e-kwal-e-za'-shun. n. s. State of equality. Burke. To E'QUALISE, e'-kwa-Hze. v. a. To make even. Brown. To be equal to. Fuller. To make equal. More. EQUALITY, e-kwol'-e-te. 86. n. s. Likeness with regard to any quantities compared. Sbak. The same degree of dignit} 1 . Milton. Evenness ; uni formity ; equability. Brown. E'QUALLY, e'-kwal-le. ad. In the same degree with another. Rogers. Evenly; equably; uni- formly. Locke. Impartially. Sliak. In just pro- portion. Beaumont and Fletcher. E'QUALNESS, e'-kwal-nes. n. s. Equality. S!ia/c. 34o EQU EQU O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— EQUA'NGULAR, e-kwang'-gu-lar. a. [cequus and angulus, Lat.] Consisting 1 nf equal angles. EQU ANFMITY, e-kwa-nim'-e-te. n. s. [cequanimi- tas, Lat.] Evenness of mind, neither elated nor depressed. Taller. EQUANIMOUS, e-kwan'-e-mus. a. [cequanimis, Lat.] Even: not dejected; not elated. EQUATION, e-kwa'-shun. n. s. [cequare, Lat.] The investigation of a mean proportion collected from the extremities of excess and defect, to be ap- plied to the whole. Holder. EQUATION, e-kwa'-shun. [In algebra.] An ex- pression of the same quantity in two dissimilar terms, but of equal value. Diet. EQUA'TION, e-kwa'-shun. [In astronomy.] The difference between the time marked out by the sun's apparent motion, and that measured by its real mo- tion. Diet. EQUA y TOR§, e-kwa'-tfir. 166. n. s. [cequator, Lat.] A great circle, whose poles are the poles of the world. It divides the globe into two equal parts, the northern and southern hemispheres. Han-is. EQUATORIAL, e-kwa-to'-re-al. a. Pertaining to the equator; taken at the equator. Cheyne. E'QUERY, h kw? jiU.*. [escurie, Fr.] A EQUE RRY, \ 1 grand lodge or stable for horses. An officer who has the care of horses. Taller. EQUE'STRIAN, e-kweV-tre-an. a. Being on horse- back. Spectator. Skilled in horsemanship. Be- longing to the second rank in Rome. Ld. Lyttelton. EQUIANGULAR*. See Equangular. EQUICRURAL, e-kwe-kr66'-ral. ) a. [cequus and EQUICRURE, e-kwe-krd6V. \ crus, Lat.] Having legs of an equal length. Having the legs of an equal length, and longer than the base ; isos- celes. Disrby. EQUIDISTANCE §*, e-kwe-d?s'-tanse. n. s. Equal distance or remoteness. EQUIDFSTANT, e-kwe-dfs'-tant. n. s. [cequus and distantia, Lat.] Equal distanse or remoteness. Bp. Hall. EQUIDFSTANT, e-kwe-dis'-tant. a. At the same distance. Donne. EQUIDFSTANTLY, e-kwe-dls'-tant-le. ad. At the same distance. Brown. EQUIFO'RMITY, e-kwe-f6r'-me-te. n. s. [cequus and forma, Lat.] Uniform equality. Brown. EQUILA'TERAL, e-kwe-lat ; -er-al. a. [cequus and lotus, Lat.] Having all sides equal. Bacon. EQUILATERAL*, e-kwe-lat'-er-al. n. s. A side exactly corresponding to others. Sir T. Herbert. ToEQUILI'BRATEM-kwe-iy-brate. v. a. [equi- librium, Lat.] To balance equally. Boyle. EQUILIBRATION, e-kwe-li-bra'-shun. n. s. Equi- poise ; the act of keeping the balance even. Broivn. EQUILFBRIOUS*, e-kwe-ilb'-re-us. a. Equally poised. Glanville. EQUILFBRIOUSLY*, e-kwe-lib'-re-us-le. ad. In equipoise. Brown. EQUFLIBRIST*, e-kwiF-e-brist. n. s. One that balances a thing equally. Granger. EQUILFBRITY^e-kwe-tiV-re-te. n.s. Equality of weight. Cockeram. EQUILIBRIUM, e-kwe-llb'-re-fim. n.s. [Lat.] Equipoise ; equality of weight. Equality of evi- dence, motives, or powers of any kind. South. EQUINE CESSARY, e-kwe-nes'-ses-sar-e. a. [ce- quus and necessarius, Lat.] Needful in the same degree. Hudibras. EQUINO'CTIAL, e-kwe-nok'-shal. 88. n. s. The line that encompasses the world at an equal dis- tance from either pole, to which circle when the sun comes, he makes equal days and nights all over the globe : the same with equator. EQUINO'CTIAL, e-kwe-nok'-shal. a. Pertaining to the equinox. Milton. Happening about the time of the equinoxes. Being near the equinoc- tial line. Phillips. EQUINO'CTIALLY, e-kwe-n&k'-shal-e. ad. In the direction of the equinoctial. Brown. EQUINOX §, e'-kwe-noks. n.s. [cequus and nox, Lat.] Equinoxes are the precise times in which th« sun enters into the first point of Aries and Libra ; for then, moving exactly under the equinoctial, he makes our days and nights equal. Harris. Equali- ty; even measure. Shale. Equinoctial wind. Dryden. EQUFNU'MERANT, e-kwe-nvV-me-rant. a. [cequus and numerus, Lat.] Having the same number. Arbuthnot. To EQUI'P §, e-kwip'. v. a. [equipper, Fr.] To fit a ship for sea. Bp. Patrick. To furnish for a horse- man or cavalier. To furnish; to accoutre; to dress out. Addison. E'QUIPAGE, eV-kwe-paje. 90. n.s. [equipage, Fr.] Furniture for a horseman. Bullokar. Carriage of state; vehicle. Milton. Attendance; retinue. Spenser. Accoutrements; furniture. Prior. E'QUIPAGED, ek'-kwe-paj'd. a. Accoutred; at tended. Spenser. EQUIPENDENCY, e-kwe-pen'-den-se. n. s. [cequus and pendeo, Lat.] The act of hanging in equi- poise. South. EQUIPMENT, £-kwfp'-ment. n. s. The act of equip- ping or accoutring. Accoutrement ; equipage. EQUIPOISE, e'-kwe- P 6]ze. n. s. [cequus, Lat. and poids, Fr.] Equality of weight; equilibration. Glanville. EQUIPO'LLENCE, e-kwe-poT-lgnse. n.s. [cequus and pollentia, Lat.] Equality of force or power. Skelton. $5= The strong tendency of oui language to an enclitical pronunciation, 5i3, would induce me to give the ante- penultimate accent to this and the following word, in opposition to Mr. Sheridan and others ; as no good rea- son can be given to the ear, why they should not have this accent, as well as equivalent, equivocal, &c. But, as eequivalens and mquivocus have the accent on the an- tepenultimate in Latin, and aquipollens on the penulti mate, and the number of syllables being the same in both languages, the accent is generally on the same syl- lable. 503. W. EQUlPO'LLENCYV-kwe-pdlMen-se. n.s. Equi- pollence. Paley. EQUIPOLLENT, e-kwe- P 6l'-lent. a. [cequipollens, ' power or force. Bacon. ". e-kwe-polMent-le. ad. E- quivalently. Barrow. EQUIPO'NDERANCE, e-kwe-pon'-der-anse. ) EQUIPO'NDERANCY, e-kwe-pon'-der-an-se. $ n. s. [cequus and pondus, Lat.] Equality of weight ; equipoise. Diet. EQUIPONDERANT, e-kwe-pon'-der-ant. a. Be- ing of the same weight. Ray. To EQUIPONDERATE, e-kwe-pon'-der-ate. v. n, To weigh equal to any thing. Wilkins. EQUIFO'NDIOUS, e-kwe-p&n'-de-us. a. Equili brated ; equal on either part. Glanville. Ob. J. E'QUITABLE, ek'-kwe-ta-bl. 405. a. [equitabk, Fr.] Just ; due to justice. Boyle. Loving justice ; can did , impartial. E'QUITABLENESS* eV-kwe-ta-bl-n&, n.s. Just ness. Locke. EQUITABLY, eV-kwe-ta-ble. ad. Justly; impar tially. EQUITATION*, ek-kwe-ta'-shfin. n.s. [equitation, old Fr.] Riding on horseback ; management of a horse. Boswell. E QUITY, eV-kwe-te. n. s. [cequitas, Lat.] Justice ; right; honesty. Shak. Impartiality. Hooker. [In law.] The rules of decision observed by the court of chancery. Blackstone. EQUIVALENCE §, e-kwfv'-va-lense. ) n.s. [cequus EQUFVALENCY§, e-kwfv'-va-len-se. $ andrWeo, Lat.] Equality of power or worth. Hammond. To EQUIVALENCE, e-kwiv'-va-lense. v. a. To equiponderate ; to be equal to. Brawn. EQUFVALENT, e-kwlv'-va-lent. a. Equal in value. Prior. Equal in any excellence. Milton. Equal in force or power. Milton. Of the same cogency or weight. Hooker. Of the same import or mean- ing. South. EQUFVALENT, e-kwfv'-va-lent. n.s. A thing oi the same weight, dignity, or value. Dryden. 346 Lat.] Having equal p( EQUIPO'LLENTLY*, ERE ERR — nA, mAve, ndr, not; — tube, tub, bull; — oft; — pAiiml; — thin, this. EQUFVALENTLY* e-kwiv'-vu-lenl-lA. ad. In an equal manner; equipollently. Skelton. EQUFVOCAL§, A-kwiv'-vA-kal. a. [a>quivocus, Lat.] Of doubtful signification ; meaning differ- ent things. Stillingfleet. Uncertain ; doubtful. Han-is. EQUIVOCAL, A-kwlv'-vA-kal. n. s. Ambiguity. Vermis. EQUFVOCALLY, e-kwiv'-vA-kal-e. ad. Ambigu- ously; in a doubtful or double sense. South. By uncertain or irregular birth ; by generation out of the stated order. Bentley. EQUFVOCALNESS^-kwiv'-vA-kal-ngs. n.s. Am- biguity ; double meaning. Dalgarno. To EQUIVOCATE §, e-kwiv'-vA-kate. v. n. [cequi- vocatio, Lat.] To use words of double meaning ; to use ambiguous expressions. Dryden. To EQUI / VOCATE*,£-kwlv / -vA-k&te.iJ.a.To ren- der capable of a double interpretation. Sir G. Buck. EQUIVOCATION, e-kwiv-vA-ka'-shun. n. s. Am- biguity of speech; double meaning. Hooker. EQUFVOCATOR, e-kw?v'-vA-ka-tur. 521. n. s. One who uses ambiguous language. SJuikspeare. EQUIVOKE*, ek'-kwe-vAke. n. s. [equivoque, old Fr.] Equivocation ; double meaning. B. Jonsou. An expression where a word has at once different meanings ; a quibble. Graves. EQUIVOQUE*. See Equivoke. ER, a syllable in the middle of names or places, comes by contraction from the Saxon papa, dwell- ers. Gibson. ER # . A syllable at the end of a word, signifying the inhabitants of a place ; as, Londoner. E'RA, e'-ra. n. s. [ozra, Lat.] The account of time from any particular date or epoch. Prior. roERA'DIATES*, e-ra'-de-ate. v.n. [e '-ne-us. a. Wandering; un- settled. Newton. Irregular; wandering from the right road. Arhuthnot. Mistaking ; misled by er- rour. King Charles. Mistaken ; not conformable to truth ; plrysically false. Hooker. ERRONEOUSLY, eY-r^-ne-fis-le. ad. By mistake ; not rightly. Hooker. ERRO'NEOUSNESS, er-rc-'-ne-fis-nes. n. s. Phy- sical falsehood; inconformity to truth. Boyle. E'RROUR§, er'-rur. 314. n.s. [error, Lat.] Mis- take ; involuntary deviation from truth. Locke. A blunder; a mistake committed. Shak. Roving ex- cursion ; irregular course. B. Jonson. [In theolo- gy.] Sin. Heb. ix. [In law.] A mistake in plead- ing, or in the process. Cowel. ERS. ers, or Bitter Vetch, n. s. A plant. ERSE*, or EARSE*, ers. n. s. The language of the Highlands of Scotland. Johnson. ERSH* or EARSH*, ersh. n. s. The stubble after corn is cut. ERST§, erst. ad. [erst, Germ.] First. Spenser. At first; in the beginning. Milton. Once; when time was. Gay. Formerly ; long ago. Prior. Before ; till then ; till now. Milton. E'RST WHILE*, erst'-hwile. ad. Till then; till now ; aforetime. Glanville. ERUBF/SCENCE $, .WubeV-sense. ) 510. n. s. ERUBE'SCENCY$, £r-ru-beV-sen-se. $ [erubescen- tia, Lat.] The ae 4 of growing red ; redness. ERUBE'SCENT, er-ru-bes'-sent. a. Reddish ; some- what red ; inclining to redness. To ERU'CT $, e-rukt'. v.a. [er>icto, Lat.] To belch; to break wind from the stomach. To ERU'CT ATE*, e-rSk'-tate. v. a. To belch ; to vomit forth. Howell. ERUCTA'TION, e'-ruk-ta'-shftn. n. s. The act of belching. Swift. Belch; the matter vented from the stomach. Arbulhnot. Any sudden burst of wind or matter. Woodward. E'RUDITE§*. eY-u-dite'. [er'-u-dtt, Pemj.] a. [eru- dihis, Lat.] Learned. Lord Chesterfield. Cowper. ERUDFT10N,er-u-d?sh'-un.«.s. Learning; knowl- edge. Shal&peare. ERU GINOUS, d-ru'-je-nfis. a. [aeruginosa, Lat.] Partaking of the nature of copper. Browne. ERUTTION§,e-r&p'-shim. n.s. [eruplio, Lat.] The act of bursting forth. Burnet. Burst ; emission. Bacon. Sudden excursion of a hostile kind. Milton. Violent exclamation. Wotton. Efflorescence ; pus- tules. Shakspeare. ERUPTIVE, e-rup'-tlv. a. Bursting forth. Thorn- son. Exhibiting diseased eruption. Sir W. For- dyce. ERY'NGO. See Eringo. ERYSFPELAS§, er-e-sip'-e-las. n.s. [l 9ya \^\a^ A disease which affects the skin with a shining pale red, or citron colour, without pulsation or circum- scribed tumour; spreading from one place to ano- ther. Wiseman. ERYSIPELATOUS*, er-e-sfp'-e-la-tus. a. Having the nature of an erysipelas. Bp. Berkeley. ESCALADE, gs-ka-lade'. n. s. [Fr.] The act of scaling the walls of a fortification. Addison. ESCA'LOP, skoF-lup. n.s. A shellfish, whose shei. is regularly indented. Woodward. An inequality of margin; indenture. Ray. ESCAPA'DE, gs-ka-pade'. n.s. [Fr.] Irregular motion of a horse. Dryden. To ESC ATE $, e-skape'. v. a. [echaper, Fr.] To ob- tain exemption from ; to obtain security from ; to fly; to avoid. Temple. To pass unobserved by one. Hooker. To ESC ATE, e-skape'. v.n. To fly; to get out of danger ; to avoid punishment. 1 Kings, xx. ESCA'PE, e-skape'. n.s. Flight; the act of getting out of danger. Psalm lv. Excursion ; sally. Den- ham. [In law.] Violent or privy evasion out of some lawful restraint. Cowel. Excuse; subter- fuge; evasion. Raleigh. Sally; flight; irregu- larity. Shak. Oversight; mistake. Brerewood. ESCA'PER*, e-ska'-pur. n. s. One who gets out of danger. ESCATING*, e-ska'-prag. n.s. Avoidance of dan- ger. Ezra. ESCARGATO'LRE,h-VAr'-gVi-twdr'. n.s. [Fr.] A nursery of snails. Addison. ToESCA'RP, es-karp'. v.a. [escarper, Fr.] To slope down. A military word. Carleton. ESCHALOT, shal-lot'. n.s. [Fr.] A plant. Mor- timer. E'SCHAR §, eV-kar. 353. n. s. [ecr^aoa.] A hard crust or scar made by hot applications. Sharp. ESCHARO'TICK, es-ka-rof-Ik. a. Caustick ; hav- ing the power to sear or burn the flesh. Greenhill. ESCHARO'TICK, eVka-rot'-ik. n. s. A caustick application. Wiseman. ESCHE'AT$, es-tshete'. n.s. [escheoir, Fr.] Any lands, or other profits, that fall to a lord within his manor by forfeiture, or the death of his tenant, dy- ing without heir. Cowel. §Cr This, and the three [six] following words, not being derived from the learned languages, have the ch pro- nounced in the English manner. W. To ESCHE'AT, £s-tshete'. v. n. To fall to the lord of the manor. Spenser. To ESCHE'AT*, es-tshete'. v. a. To forfeit. Bp. Hall. ESCHE'AT ABLE*, eVtshe'-ta-bl. a. Liable to es- cheat. Cot grave. ESCHEATAGE*, gs-tshe'-taje. n.s. The right of succession to an escheat. Shencood. ESCHE'ATOR, es-tshe'-rfir. 166. n. s. An officer that observes the escheats of the king in the county whereof he is escheator. Cowel. ToESCHE'W, eVtshoo'. v.a. [schouwen, Teut.] To fly ; to avoid ; to shun. Sidney. 05= This word, from its being almost antiquated, has escaped the criticism of all our orthoepists, except Mr. Elphinston, who contends that it ought to be pro- nounced as if written eskew. " No wonder eskew, (ho says.) often falsely articulated, because falsely exhibited eschew, was ocularly traced from the old scheoir (after- wards cchoir.) to devolve or escheat, rather than from 348 ESP ESS -no, move, n6r, not ; — lube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ; — thin, mis. esquiver, to parry, avoid, or cskcro, by tlioso to whom the body of the child and the soul of the parent were equally unknown." The etymological abilities of this gentleman in the French and English languages are un- questionable ; but the pronunciation of this word seems fixed to its orthography, and beyond the reach of ety- mology to alter. Words, like land, have a limitation to .heir rights. When an orthography and pronunciation have obtained for a long time, though by a false title, it is perhaps better to leave them in quiet possession, than to disturb the language by an ancient, though perhaps better claim. W. ESCO'CHEOm. n. f'amilv. Warton. ESCORT, eY-k5rt. 492. n [Fr.] The shield of the [Fr.] Convoy ; guard from place to place To ESCO'RT, es-k6rt'. v. a. To convoy. Warton. ESCO'T, es-kot'. n. s. [Fr.] A tax paid in boroughs and corporations towards the support of the com- munity, which is called scot and lot. To ESCO'T, es-kdt'. v. a. To pay a man's reckon- ing ; to support. Shakspeare. ESCO; UT, es-kdut'. n.s. [escoider, Fr.] Listeners or spies ; persons sent for intelligence. Now scout. Hayward. ESCRIPT* es-kript'. n.s. [escnpt, Fr.] A writing; a schedule. Cockeram. ESCRITOIRE, es-kru-t6re'. n.s. [Fr.] A box with all the implements necessary for writing. ESCU'AGE, eV-ku-aje. 90. n.s. [escu, Fr.] Escu- age, that is, service of the shield, is either uncer- tain or certain. Escuage uncertain is where the tenant by his tenure is bound to follow his lord. Another kind of escuage uncertain is called casfk- tcard, where the tenant is bound to defend a castle. Escuage certain is where the tenant is set at a cer- tain sum of money, to be paid in lieu of such uncer- tain services. Cowed. ESCULA'PIAN*. es-ku-la'-pe-an. a. [from ^Escula- pius.~\ Medical. Young. E'SCULENTy, eV-ku-lent. a. [esculent™, Lat.] Good for food ; eatable. Bacon. ESCULENT, eV-ku-lent. n. s. Something fit for food. Bacon. ESCU'TCHEON§, eVkfltsh'-m. 259. n. s. [Fr.V The shield of the family 5 the ensigns armorial. Peacham. ESCU'TCHEONED*, eVkfitsh'-md. a. Having an escutcheon or ensign. Young. To ESLO'IN*, gs-lom'. v. a. [esloigner, old Fr.] To remove ; to banish ; to withdraw. Donne. ESO'PIAN* e-so'-pe-an. a. [from yEsop.] Applied generally to fables and compilations like those which are attributed to iEsop. Warton. ESOTE'FJCK§*, es-o-teV-ik. a. [esotericus, Lat.] Secret ; mysterious. A term applied to the double doctrine of the ancient philosophers : the publick, or exoterick ; the secret, or esoterick. Chambers. E-'SOTERY* eV-6-ter-e. n.s. Mystery 5 secrecy. Search. ESPALIER, es-pal'-yer. 113. n.s [espallier, Fr.] A tree planted and cut so as to join Others. Evelyn. To ESPA'LIER* es-pal'-yer. v. a. To plant and cut trees so as to form espaliers. ESPA'RCET, ^s-par'-sgt. n.s. A kind of saint-foin. Mortimer. ESPECIAL §, e-sp&sh'-al. a. [specialis, Lat.] Princi- pal ; chief. Daniel. ESPECIALLY, e-spesh'-al-e. ad. Principally; chief- ly ; particularly. Hjoker. ESPE'CIALNESS*, e-spesh'-al-nes. n. s. State of being especial. Lee. E'SPERANCE, es-pe-ranse'. n. s. [Fr.] Hope. Shakspeare. Oh. J. ESPIAL, e-spl'-al.ra.s. [espier, Fr.] A spy. Sir T. Elyol. Observation ; detection ; discovery. Sir T.Elyot. Ob. J. ESPI'ER* e-spl'-ur. n. s. One who watches like a spv. Harinar. E'SPIJNEL*. eV-pe-nel n.s. [espinelk, Fr.] A kind of ruby. Cot "-rare. ESPIONA'&E*, es^pe-6-nadje. n.s. [Fr.] The act of procuring and giving intelligence. -zal. n. s. Adoption ; protec ESPLANA'DE, es-pla-nade'. n. s. The empty space between the glacis of a citadel and the firs* houses of the town. Harris. [In modern garden ing.l A grass-plot. ESPO'USAL*, e-spfiu'-z tion. Ld. Orford. ESPO'USAL, e-spSu'-z&l. a. Used in the act of espousing or betrothing. Bacon. ESPO / USALS,£-sp6u'-zals. n.s. without a singular [sponsalia, Lat.] The act of contracting or affianc- ing a man and woman to each other. Jerem. ii. To ESPO'USE$, e-spouze'. v. a. [espouser, Fr.] To contract "t>r betroth to another. 2 Sam. iii. To many ; to wed. Tit. Andronicus. To adopt ; to take to himself. Bacon. To maintain ; to defend Dr-jden. ESPO'USER*, e-spou'-z&r. n. s One who main- tains or defends a point. Allen. To ESPY'S, e-spl'. v.n. [espier, Fr.] To see things at a distance. Hooker. To discover a thing in- tended to be hid. Sidney. To see unexpectedly. Gen. xlii. To discover as a spy. Jos. xiv. To ESPY'', e-spi'. v. n. To watch ; to look about Jer. xlvii. ESPY'*, e-spK n. s. A scout; a spy. Huloet Ob.T. ESQUI'RE§, e-skwlre'. n.s. [escuier, Fr.] The ar- mour-bearer or attendant on a knight. Toiler. A title of dignity, and next in degree below a knight. Blount. To ESQUI'RE*, e-skwlre'. v. a. To attend &s an esquire. To ESSA''Y§, es-sa/. v. a. [essayer, Fr ! To attempt j to try; to endeavour. Blackmore. To make ex- periment of. To try the value and purity of metals Locke. E'SSAY, eV-sa. 492. n. s. Attempt; endeavour. Smith. A loose sally of the mind ; an irregular, indigesled piece. Bacon. A trial ; an experiment. Glanville. First taste of any thing. Dry den. [In metallurgy.] The proof of the purity and value of metals. E'SSAYER*, es-sa'-fir, or es'-sa-ur. n.s. One who writes essays. Addison. E'SSAYIST*,es-sa'-?st. [eV-sa-?st, Perry. 1 n.s. A writer of essays. B.Jonson. E'SSENCE §, es'-sense. n. s. [essentia, Lat.] The nature of any being, whether it be actually exist- ing or not. Watts. Formal existence ; that which makes any thing to be what it is. Hooker. Exist- ence ; the quality of being. Sidney. Being : ex- istent perse n. Milton. Species of existent being. Bacon. Constituent substance. Milton. Ti:e cause of existence. SJiak. [In medicine.] The chief properties or virtues of any simple, or com- position, collected in a narrow compass. Perfume; odour ; scent. Pope. To E'SSENCE, eV -sense, v. a. To perfume; to scent. Addison. ESSE'NES*, es-seenz'. n. s. [Esseni, Lat.] Certain religious men, among the Jews, who lived a very strict life, abstaining from wine, flesh, and women B}>. Percy. ESSE'NTIAL§, es-sen'-shal. a. Necessary to the constitution or existence of any thing. Bacon. Im- ?ortant in the highest degree ; principal. Denham. 'ure; highly rectified ; "subtilely elaborated. Ar- buthnot. g^f= What has been observed of the word efface is appli- cable to this word: the same reasons have induced me to differ from Mr. Sheridan in the division of especial, espousal, establish, Slc, as I have no doubt, in words of this form, where the two first consonants are combina- ble, that they both go to the second syllable, and leave the vowel in the first long and open. W. ESSENTIAL, es-sen'-shal. n.s. Existence; being. Milton. Nature; first or constituent principles. South. The chief point. Mountagu. ESSENTIA'LIT Y*, es-sen-she-al ; -e-te. n.s. Nature 5 first or constituent principles. Swift. ESSENTIALLY, es-sen'-shal-le. ad. By the con stitution of nature; re all v. Shakspeare. M9 EST ETE fry 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;- To ESSENTIATE*, es-sen'-she-ate. v.n. To be- come of the same essence. B. Jonson. ESSO'IN§, es-sdm'. n. s. [essonie, Fr.] He that has his presence forborn or excused upon any just cause ; as sickness. Allegement of an excuse for him that is summoned, or sought for, to appear. Cowel. Excuse ; exemption. Spenser. To ESSO'IN*, es-sdln'. v. a. To excuse ; to release. Quarks. ESSO'INER*, eVsSln'-ur. n. s. An attorney who suf- ficiently excuses the absence of another. " Cotgrave. To ESTABLISH §, c-stab'-llsh. v. a. [etablir, Fr.] To settle firmly ; to fix unalterably. Deut. xxix. To settle in any privilege or possession. Swift. To make firm ; to ratify. Numbers, xxx. To fix or settle in an opinion. Acts, xvi. To form or model. Clarendon. To found ; to build firmly ; to fix im- movably. Ps. xxiv. To make a settlement of any inheritance. Shakspeare. ESTABLISHED, e-stab'-lish-ur. n.s. He who es- tablishes. Hooker. ESTABLISHMENT, e-stab'-lish-ment. n. s. Set- tlement ; fixed state. Spenser. Confirmation of something already done ; ratification. Bacon. Settled regulation ; form ; model of a government or family. Spenser. Foundation ; fundamental principle. Atterbury. Allowance ; income 5 sala- ry. Swift. Settled or final rest. Wake. ESTAFE'T*, es-ta-feV. n. s. [estafela, Span.] A military courier. Boothby. ESTATE $, e-suW. a. s. [estat, Fr.] The general interest ; the publick. Bacon. Condition of life. Dry den. Circumstances in general. Locke. For- tune ; possession, in land. Sidney. Rank ; quality. Sidney. A person of high rank. St. Mark, vi. To ESTA'TE, e-state'. v. a. To settle as a fortune. Shakspeare. To establish ; to fix. Pearson. ToESTE'EM*, e-steem'. v. a. [cestimo, Lat.] To set a value, whether high or low, upon any thing. Spenser. To compare ; to estimate by proportion. Davies. To prize ; to rate high ; to regard with reverence. Dryden. To hold in opinion ; to think. Rom. xiv. ToESTE'EM, e-steem'. v.n. To consider as to value. Spenser. ESTE'EM, e-steem'. n.s. High value; reverential regard. Dry den. Reckoning ; estimate ; account. Shakspeare. ESTE'EMABLE*, e-steem'-a-bl. a. That may be esteemed. Pope. ESTE'EMER, e-steem'-fir. n.s. One that highly values ; one that sets a high rate upon any thing. L. Addison. E'STIMABLE§,es'-te-ma-bl. 405. a. [Fr.] Valua- ble ; worth a large price. Shak. Worthy of es- teem ; worthy of honour and respect. Temple. ESTIMABLE*, es'-te-ma-bl. n. s. That which is worthy of particular notice and regard. Sir T. Brown. E'STIMABLENESS, es'-te-ma-bl-nes. n.s. The quality of deserving regard. To ESTIMATES, eV-te-mate. v. a. [cpstinw, Lat.] To rale ; to adjust the value of; to judge of any thing by its proportion to something else. Lev. xxvii. To calculate ; to compute. E'STIMATE, eV-te-mate. 91. n. s. Computation ; calculation. Woodward. Value. Shak. Valua- tion ; assignment of proportional value ; compara- tive judgement. Addison. ESTIMATION, es-te-ma'-shun. n.s. The act of ad- justing proportional value. Levit. Calculation ; computation. Opinion ; judgement. Bacon. Es- teem ; regard ; honour. Hooker. ESTIMATIVE, eV-tc-ma-tlv. 512. ad. Having the power of comparing and adjusting the preference. Hale. Imaginative. Sir C. Wandesforde. ESTIMATOR, eV-te-ma-tur. 521. n.s. A valuer; an esteemer of things. Cotgrave. A setUer of rates ; a coinputist. E'STIVAL. es'-te-val. 88. a. [astivus, Lat.] Per- taining to the summer. Gayton. Continuing for the summer. Sir T. Brown. To E'STIVATE§*,es'-te-vate. v.n. To pass the summer in a place. Cockeram. ESTIVATION, gs-te-va'-shfin. n. s, A place i« which to pass the time of summer. Bacon. ESTO'PEL, es-top'-el. n. s. Such an act as bars any legal process. ESTOPPED*, es-t&pt'. a. Under an estnpei. Hate. ESTO'VERS, eVlo'-vfirz. n. s. Necessaries allowed by law. Blackstone. ESTRA'DE, es-trade'. n.s. [Fr.] An even or level space. Diet. To ESTRANGE §, e-stranje'. v. a. [estr anger, Fr.] To keep at a distance ; to withdraw. Hooker. To alienate ; to divert from its original use or posses- sor. Jer. xix. To alienate from affection. Ezek. xiv. To withdraw or withhold. Psalm lxxviii. ESTRANGEMENT, e-stranje'-ment. n. s. Aliena- tion ; distance ; removal. South. ESTRAPADE, ts-irk-vkde?. n.s. [Fr.] The de- fence of a horse that will not obey, who rises mightily before, and yerks furiously with his hind legs. Earner's Diet. 2 n &ESTRA / Y§* es-tra'. v.n. [estraier, Fr.] To stray ; to wander. Daniel. ESTRA'Y*, es-tra/. n.s. A creature wandered be- yond its limits ; astray. Cowel. ESTRE'AT^. es-treet/. n.s. [extractitm, Lat.] The true copy of an original writing. Cowel. To ESTRE'AT*, £s-treet'. r. a. To extract ; to take from, by way of fine. Boyle. [In law.] To extract a top)- of a writing. ESTRE/PEMENT, e-streep'-ment. n. s. [esirepier, Fr.] Spoil made by the tenant for term of life upoa any lands or woods. Cowel. E'STRICH. eV-trftsh. n. s. [commonly written os- trich.'] The .argen of Dircis. Shanspeare. E'STRIDGE*. See Estrich. E'STUANCE, es'-tshu-anse. n. s. Heat ; warmth Brown. E'STUARY, es'-tsb' 1 a-re. 461. n. s. [crstuarhim, Lat.] An arm of me sea ; the mouth of a lake or river in which the tide reciprocates ; a frith. Gil- pin. To E'STUATE§, eV-tshu-ale. 91. v. n. [cestuo, Lat.] To swell and fall reciprocally ; to boil. Cockeram. ESTUA'TION, es-tshu-a'-shun. n. s. The state of boiling ; reciprocation of rise and fall ; agitation ; commotion. Brown. E'STURE, es'-tshure. «. s. Violence ; commotion. Chapman. ESU'RIENT, e-zu'-re-ent. 479. a. [esuriens, Lat.] Hungrv ; voracious. Diet. E'SURINE, ezh'-u-rine. 479. a. [esurio, Lat.] Cor- roding ; eating. Wiseman. ET CjETERA*, et-seY-e-ra. [Lat/] A common expression denoting otliers of tlie like kind, or tlve rest, or so on. Cowley. ETC. A contraction of the above. To ETCH §, etsh. v. a. [etzen, Germ.] A way used in the making of prints, by drawing with a proper needle upon a copper-plate, covered over with a ground of wax, &c, and well blacked with the smoke of a link, in order to take off the figure of the drawing ; which, having its back-side tinctured with whitehead, will, by running over thestrucken outlines with a stift, impress the exact figure on the black or red ground; which figure is afterwards with needles drawn deeper quite through the ground ; and then there is poured onwell-temperea aquafortis, which eats into the figure or drawing on the copper-plate. Harris To sketch ; to draw ; to delineate. Locke. To move forwards towards one side. Ray. To ETCH, e'sh. v.n. To practise etching. ETCH, etsh. \ n. s. Ground from which a crop EDDISH, ed'-dlsh. \ has been taken. Mortimer. E'TCHING*, etsh'-fag. n. s. An impression of a copper-plate, taken after the manner described in the verb to etch. ETEO / STlCK*,et-e-6s / -t?k.n..s. [ereog and -u-pV- t?k - «• Eas y of digestion. EUPHEMISM*, yu'-fe-mlzm. n.s. [fu^^io-^o?.] [In rhetorick.] A way of describing an offensive thing by an inoffensive expression. EUPHO'NICAL, yu-fon'-e-kal. a. Sounding agree- ably. Diet. EUTHONY^yu'-fo-ne. n.s. [hxpwvia.'] An agreea- ble sound; the contrary to harshness. Dalgarno. EUPHO'RBIUM, yu-for'-be-fim. n.s. [Lat.] A plant. A gum resin, used medicinally in sinapisms Hill. EUTHRASY, yrV-fra-se. 92. n.s. [euphrasia } Lat.! The herb eve-bright. Miiion. EURIPUS*, yiWr'-pfis. n. s. [Lat.] Any strait, where the water is in much agitation ; from the an- cient frith between Boeotia and Eubcea, called Eit- ripus. Burke. EURO'CLYDO^yu-r&kMe-d&n. n.s. [hpoxXMuv. . A wind which blows between the east and north and is very dangerous in the Mediterranean. Act*, xxvii. 351 EVA EVE \TT 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met ;— pine, ofn ; — EUROPEAN, ya-r6-p#-an.«. [Eurgpaeus, Lat.] Be- longing to Europe. Waller. $5= This word, according to the analogy of our own lan- guage, ought certainly to have the accent on the second syllable ; ai.d this is the pronunciation which unletter- ed speakers constantly adopt ; but the learned, ashamed of the analogies of their own tongue, always place the accent on the third syllable, because Europwus iias the penultimate long, and is therefore accented in Latin. Epicurean has the accent on the same syllable by the same rule; while Herculean and cerulean submit to English analogy, and have the accent, on the second syl- lable, because their penultimate in Latin is short. W. EUR US, yu'-rfis. re. s. [Lat.] The east wind. Peacham. EURYTHMY. yu'-rkft-me. n. s. [ivpnOuos-] Har- mon}-; regular and symmetrical measure. Evelyn. EUSE'BLW*, yu-se/-be-an. re. 5. An Arian; so cal- led, from Eusebius, bishop of Cesarea, who fa- voured the Arians. Whiston. EU'STYLE*, yu'-sdle. re. s. [h and ctv\os.~] [In ar- chitecture.] The position of columns in an edifice at a most convenient and graceful distance one from another. EUTHAXA'SIA,\u-Mn-k'-zhh-a.. ) 453. re. 5. EUTHA'NASY, yu-tfian'-d-se. 92. $ [ivGavovia.'j j An easy death. Bp. Hall. $£j= Of the accent of the first of these words, there can be I no dispute ; but a? the last is anglicised, its accent ad- ! mits of some diversity of opinion. Mr. bheridan, Dr. ! Kenrick, Dr. Ash. Entick, Barclay. Bailey, and the first ! editions of Dr. Johnson, accent the last of these words j on the antepenultimate: but the quarto edition of John- 1 son on the penultimate: I suspect, however, if we were j strictly to follow our own analogy, that we ought to place the accent on the first syllable ; for, as this termi- nation is not enclitical, 513, it seems to be under the I same predicament as academy ^ irreparable. £cc. which ; see. W. EUTY'CHTAN* yu-tlk'-e-an. re. s. One of those an- j cient hereticks, who denied the two natures of our j Lord Christ 5 so called from their founder Euiyclies. Burnet. EUTYCHIAN* yu-tlk'-e-an. a. Denoting the here- ticks called Eutvchians. Tillotson. roEVA'CATE.'e-va'-kate. v. a. [roxo, Lat.] To empty out ; to throw out. Harvey. To EVA'CUATEvS e-vak'-u-ate. v. a. [evacw, Lat.] To make empty ; to clear. Hooker. To throw out j as noxious, or offensive. South. To void by any jj of the excretory passages. Arbidhnot. To make void ; to nullify. Bacon. To quit ; to withdraw 1 from out of a place. Swift. To EVA CUATE*. e-vak -u-ate. v. n. To let blood. I Burton. EVA'CUANT, e-vak'-u-ant. re. s. Medicine that pro- ; cures evacuation by any passage. EVACUA'TION. e-vak-u-a. -shun. n. s. Such emis- sions as leave a vacancy; discharge. Hale. Abo- j lition ; nullification. Hooker. The practice of j emptying the body by physick. Temple. Dis- charges of the body by any vent, natural or arti- ficial. A withdrawing" from out of a place, some- times by treaty, sometimes by necessity. A milita- ry expression. EVA'CUATIVE*, e-vak'-u-a-tfv. a. Purgative. Cot- grave. EVA CUATOR* e-vak'-u-a-tnr. n. s. One who makes void, or annuls. Hammond. To EVADE '§, e-vade'. v. a. [evado, Lat.] To elude ; to escape by artifice or stratagem. Shaksjieai-e. To •avoid 5 to decline by subterfuge. Dnjden. To es- cape or elude by sophistry. Slillingjleet. To es- cape as imperceptible or unconquerable. South. To EVA'DE, e-vade'. v. n. To escape; to slip away. Bacon. To practise sophistry or evasions. South. EvAGATION, ev-a-ga-shun. re. s. [evugor, Lat.] The act of wandering ; excursion ; ramble ; devia- tion. Sir H. Woiton. g^° I am well aware, that this and the two following words [evanescent and evangelical] are often, by good speakers, pronounced with the e in the first syllable long and open ; but I think contrary to that correctness which arises from general analogy. 530. W. E'VAL*, e'-val. a. [cecum, Lat.] Respecting the du ration of time. Letter to t!ie Abp. of Canterbury. EVANE , SSElSCE^ev-a-nes ji -sSnse. n.s. [evanes ce?is, Lat.] Disappearance ; end of appearance Rambler. EVANESCENT, ev-a-nes'-sent. a. Vanishing; im- perceptible; lessening beyond the perception of the senses. Arbuthnot. EVANGELy*, e-van'-jel. n.s. [ivayyeXtov.] The Gospel; ecod tidings. Chaucer. EVANGELICAL, ev-an-jel -e-kal. a. Agreeable to Gospel; consonant to the Christian law revealed in the holy Gospel. Atterbury. Contained in the Gos- pel. Hooker. EVANGELICALLY*, ev-an-jel'-e-kai-le. ad. Ac cording to the revelation of the Gospel. Bp. Bar- loiv. EYANGE LICK*, ev-an-jel'-ik. a. Consonant to the doctrine of the Gospel. Milton. EVA NGELIS3I, e-van-je-lizm. n.s. The promul- gation of the blessed Gospel. Bacon. K\ A NGELIST, e-van -je-list. n. s. [tivayyeXog.] A writer of the history of our Lord Jesus. Addison. A promulgator of the Christian laws. Btcav cf Piety. EVA NGELISTARY* e-van'-je-lis-ta-re. re. s. A selection from the Gospels, to be read, as a lesson. in divine service. Gregory. To EVA NGELIZE, e-van'-je-Hze. r. a. To instruct in the Gospel, or law of Jesus. Jlilton. E\ A NGELY, e-vaiv-je-le. re. s. Good tidings ; the message of pardon and salvation; the holy Gospel; the Gospel of Jesus. Spenser. EVA AID 0, e-van'-id. a. [evanidus, Lai.] Faint; weak ; evanescent. Bacon. To EYA'NTSH, e-van'-ish. v. re. [evanesco, Lai.] To vanish ; to escape from notice or perception. Drum- mevd. EVA PORABLE, e-vap'-p-ra-bl. 405. a. Easily dis- sipated in fumes or vapours. Grew. To EVATORATE $. e-vap'-c-rate. 91. v.n. [evaporo, Lat.] To fly away in vapours or fumes ; to waste insensibly a's a volatile spirit. Boyle. To EVAPORATE, £-vap -6-rate. v. a. To drive away in fumes ; to disperse in vapours. Bentley. To give vent to ; to let out in ebullition or sallies, Wotion. EVAPORATE*. e-vap'-6-rale. a. Dispersed in va- pour. Thomson. EVAPORATION. e-vap-o-ra'-shfin. n.s. The act of flying away in fumes or vapours ; vent ; discharge, Hoirc/l. The act of attenuating matter, so as" to make it fume away. Raleigh. [In pharmacy.] An operation bj- which liquids are spent or driven away in streams, so as to leave some part stronger, or of a higher consistence than before. Qrincu. EVA SION §, e-va'-zhon. 49. re. s. [evaswn. Lat.] Ex- cuse; subterfuge; sophistry; artifice. Milton. EVASIVE, e-va'-siv. 158, 428. a. Practising eva- sion ; elusive. Pope. Containing an evasion ; so- phistical. Bp. Berkeley. EVA'SIVELY, e-va'-siv-le. a. By evasion 5 elusive- ly ; scphislicallv. Bryant. EVICTION* e-vek'-shun. re. s. [evelw, Lat.] Ex- altation. Pearson. EVE. eve. \ re. s. [sepen. Sax.] The close of the E'VEN, e'-vn. \ day. Exodus, xvi. The vigil or fast to be observed before a holiday. Duppa. E'VEN §. e'-vn. 103. a. [epen, euen, Sax.] Level ; not rugged ; not unequal. Dryden. Uniform ; equal tc it- self. Prior. Level with ; parallel to. Exodus. Not having inclination any way. Shak. Not having any part higher or lower than the other. Davies. Equal on both sides ; fair. Milton. Without any thing owed, either good or ill ; out of debt. Shak. Calm ; not subject to elevation or depression ; not uncertain. Pope. Capable to be divided into equal pails ; not odd. Bp. Taylor. To E 'YEN, e'-vn. v. a. To make even. Stanyhurst To make out of debt. Shak. To level ; to' make level. Raleigh. To E'VEN, e -vn. v. re. To be equal to. Careic. Ob. J 352 EVE EVI — no, move, n&r, not; — tube, tfib, bull; — 831 ; — pSimd; — //mi, THi E'VEN, e*-vn. ad. A word of strong assertion ; verily. Spenser. Notwithstanding - . Vryden. Likewise : not only so, but also. Holder. So much as. Swift. A word of exaggeration in which a secret compari- son is implied : as, even the great, that is, the. great like the mean. Drijdeii. A term of concession. Col- lier. To EVE'NE*, e-veen'. v. n. [evenio, Lat.] To hap- pen ; to come to pass. Hewyt. E'V'ENER*, e'-vn-ur. n.s. One that reconciles or makes even. Warton. E'VEN HANI)*, e'-vn-hand. n. s. Parity of rank or degree. Bacon. EVEN HANDED, e'-vn-h&n'-ded. a. Impartial j ^ equitable. Shakspeare. EVENING, e'-vn-ing. n.s. [sepen, Sax.j The close of the day ; the beginning of night. Watts. The __ Jailer end of life. Lord Clarendon. E YEN1NG*, e'-vn-ing. a. Being toward the close of the day. Psalm cxli. EVENING-STAR* e'-vn-lng-star'. n.s. The Ves- per, or Hesperus, of the ancients. Milton. E VENLY. e'-vn-le. ad. Equally ; uniformly. Bentley. Levelly j without asperities. Wotton. Without in- clination to either side ; horizontally. Brerewood. Impartially; without favour or enmity. E'VENNESS, e'-vn-ncs. n. s. State of being even. B. Jonson. Uniformity ; regularity. Greiv. Equali- ty of surface ; levelness. Ireedom from inclination to either side. Hooker. Impartiality; equal re- spect. Calmness; freedom from perturbation; equa- nimity. Sprat. Atlerbvry. E'VENSONG. e'-vn-song. n. s. The form of worship used in the evening. Milton. The evening; the close of the day. Vryden. E'VENTIDE, e'-vn-tlde. n.s. The time of evening. Genesis, xxiv. EVE'NT $, e-v&it'. n. s. [eventus, Lat.] An incident ; any thing that happens, good or bad. Eccl. ix. The consequence of an action; the conclusion; the upshot. Vryden. To EVE'NT*, e-vent'. ts. n. To break forth. B. Jan- son. Ob. T. 7bEVE'NTERATE,e-ven'-te-rate. v. a. [evenlero, Lat.] To rip up ; to open the belly. Brown. EVE'NTFUL, e-vent'-ful. a. Full of incidents; full of changes of fortune. Sliakspeare. SToEVE'NTJLATEM-v&i'-te-late. v. a. {eventilo, Lat.] To winnow ; to sift out. Cockeram. To ex- amine ; to discuss. Vict. EVENTRATION*, e-ven-te-la'-shun. n.s. The act of ventilating. Howell. EVENTUAL, e-ven'-tshu-al. a. Happening in con- sequence of any thing; consequential. Burke. EVENTUALLY, e-ven'-tslm-al-le. ad. In the event; in the last result; in the consequence. Boyle. E'VER$, ev'-ur. 98. ad. [sepep, Sax.] At any time. Hooker. At all times, always, without end. Hooker. — For ever. Eternally ; to perpetuity. Locke. At one time ; as, ever and anon. Spenser. In any de- gree. Hall. A word of enforcement, or aggrava- tion : As soon as ever he had done it. Shak. — Ever a. Any. Shak. It is often contracted into e'er. It is much used in composition in the sense of always : as, evergreen, everduring. E'VERBUBBLING, ev-ur-hub'-bnng. a. Boiling up with perpetual murmurs. Crashaw. E'VERBURNING,ev-ur-b5r'-ning.a. Unextinguish- ed. Milton. EVERDURING, ev-ur-chV-ring. a. Eternal ; endur- ing without end. Raleigh. E'VERGREEN, eV -fir-green, a. Verdant through- out the year. Milton. E'VERGREEN, ev'-ur-green. n.s. A plant that re- tains its verdure through all the seasons. Evelyn. E'VERHONOURED, ev-fir-on'-nurd. a. Always held in honour or esteem. Pope. EVERLASTING, ev-fir-las'-tmg. a. Enduring without Gild ; perpetual ; immortal ; eternal. Ham- mond. EVERLASTING, ev-nr-laV-tfng. n.s. Eternity. Hooker. The Eternal Being. Shakspeare. EVERLASTING-PEA*, ev-fir-las'-tlng-pe. n. s. A flower. Tate. EVERLASTINGLY, ev-fir-las'-ting-le. ad. Eter nallv; without end. Shakspeare. EVERLA'STINGNESS, ev-ur-lns'-ting-nes. n. s. Eternity ; perpetuity ; an indefinite duration. Sta* pleton. EVERLIV1NG, ev-ur-hV-ing. a. Living without end ; immortal ; eternal ; incessant. Spenser. EVERMORE, ev-Qr-mbre'. ad. Always ; eternally Tillotson. EVEROTENj-ev-ur-O'-pn. a. Never closed; not ai any time shut. Bp. Taylor. EVERPLEASJNG, ev-fir-ple'-zmg. a. Delighting at all times ; never ceasing to give pleasure. Sid- ney. To EVERSE §, e-verse'. v. a. [eversus, Lat.] To overthrow ; to subvert ; to destroy. Glonville. Oh. J. EVE RSION* e-ver'-shCm. n.s. [eversio, Lat.] Over- throw. Bp. Taylor. To EVE'RT, e-vert'. v. a. [everto, Lat.] To destroy} to overthrow. Fotherby. EVERWA'TCHFUL, 'ev-ur-wotsh'-ful. a. Always vigilant. Pope. E'VERY§, ev'-ftr-e. a. [aepe-p ealc, Sax.] Each one of all. Hooker. — Everywhere. In all places; in each place. Hooker. E'VERYDAY*, ev'-ur-e-da. a. Common ; occurring on any da}-. Pope. EVERYO^UNG, ev-fir-yfing'. a. Not subject to old age, or decay. Pope. To E'VESDROP §*, eyz'-drop. v. n. To listen. See Eaves. Abp. Sancrojt. E'VESDROPPER, evz'-drop-pur. n. s. Some mean fellow that skulks about a house in the night, to listen. Vryden. To EVE'STJGATE, e-ves'-te-gate. v. a. [evestigo, Lat.] To search out. Vict. E'VET* See Eft. To EVl'BRATE*, e-vl'-brate. v. a. [evihro, Lat ] To shake ; to brandish. Cockeram. To EVFCT$, e-vikt'. v. a. [evinco, Lat.] To dispos- sess of by a judicial course. Varies. To take away by a sentence of law. K. James. To prove 5 to evince. B. Jonson. EVICTION, e-vlk'-sh&n. n. s. Dispossession or de- privation by a definitive sentence of a court of ju- dicature. Bacon. Proof; evidence. Bp. Hall. EVIDENCE $, ev'-e-dense. n.s. [Fr.] The state of being evident ; clearness ; indubitable certainty 5 notoriety. Testimony; proof. Jerem. xxxii. Wit- ness; one that gives evidence. Vryden. To EVIDENCE, ev'-e-dense. v. a. To prove; to evince. Temple. To show; to make discovery of. Milton. EVIDENT, ev'-e-dent. a. Plain; apparent; noto- rious. Brown. EVIDENTIAL*, ev-e-den'-shfd. a. Affording evi- dence or proof. Bp. Fleetwood. EVIDENTLY, ev'-e-dent-le. ad. Apparently; cer- tainly; undeniably. Prior. EVIGlLA'TION*, e-vid'-je-la'-shun. n. s. [evigilatio. Lat.] A waking. Biblioth. Biblica. E'VIL §, e'-vl. 159. a. [ypel, Sax.] Having bad qual- ities of any kind ; not good. Vent. xxii. Wicked ; bad; corrupt. St. Matthew, xx. Unhappy; miser- able; calamitous. Exodus. Mischievous ; destruc- tive ; ravenous. Genesis, xxxvii. E'VIL, e'-vl. n. s. [generally contracted to ill.'] Wickedness; a crime. Shak. Injury; mischief. Proverbs. Malignity; corruption. Eecles. ix. Mis- fortune ; calamity. Job, ii. Malady ; disease. Sliak- speare. E'VIL, e'-vl. ad. Not well, in whatever respect. Shak. Not well ; not virtuously. John, xviii. Not well ; not happily. Vent. vii. Injuriously; not kindly. Veut. xxvi. It is often used in composition, to give a bad meaning to a word. E'VILAFFECTED, e-vl-af-fek'-ted. a. Not kind^ not disposed to kindness. Acts, xiv. EVILDO'ER, e-vl-do'-fir. n. s. Malefactor ; one thai commits crimes. 1 Peter. 353 EWE EXA Qj 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- E'VILEYED*, e'-vl-lde. a. Having a malignant look. Shakspeare. EVILFA'VOURED, e-vl-fa'-vfird. a. Ill countenanc- ed ; having no good aspect. Bacon. EVILFA'VOUREDNESS, e-vl-fa'-vurd-nes. m s. Deformity. Deuteronomy, xvii. EVILLY, e'-vl-le. ad. Not well. Bp. Taylor. E'VILMINDED, e-vl-mlnd'-ed. a. Malicious} mis- chievous ; malignant ; wicked. Dry den. E'VILNESS, e'-vl-nes. re. s. Contrariety to goodness ; badness, of whatever kind. Hale. EVILSPE'AKING, e-vl-spe'-king. n.s. Slander; defamation; calumny; censoriousness. 1 Peter, ii. EVILWFSHING, e-vl-wish'-ing. a. Wishing evil to; having no good will. Sidney. EVIL WO'RKER, e-vl-wurk'-ur. n. s. One who does wickedness. Phil. iii. To E VI'NCE §, e-vinse'. v. a. [evinco, Lat.] To prove ; to show; to manifest. Milton. To conquer; to subdue. Milton. To EVFNCE*, e-vmse'. v. n. To prove. Bp. Hall. EVFNC1BLE, e-vln'-se-bl. a. Capable of proof; de- monstrable. Hale. EVFNCIBL Y, e-vln'-se-ble. ad. In such a manner as to force conviction. To E'VIRATE $, eV-e-rate. v. a. [eviratus, Lat.] To deprive of manhood; to emasculate. Bp. Hail. EVIRATION*, ev-e-ra'-sh&n. re. s. Castration. Cocker am. To EVFSCERATE, e-vls'-se-rate. v. a. \eviscero, Lat.] To embowel ' ? to draw; to deprive of the en- trails ; to search within the entrails. Dr. Griffiths. E'VITABLE, eV-e-ta-bl. 405. a. [eritabilis,Xa\.] Avoidable; that may be escaped or shunned. Hooker. To E/VITATE y, eV-e-tate. v. a. [eviio, Lat.] To avoid ; to shun ; to escape. Shakspeare. EVITA'TION, ev-e-ta'-shun. 530. n. s. The act of avoiding. Bacon. To EVI TE*, e-vlte'. v. a. To avoid. Drayton.. SVITE'RNAL §, ev-e-uV-nal. a. [cevitemus, Lat.] Eternal in a limited sense; of duration not infinite- ly but indefinitely lonsr. CVlTE RNITY, ev-e-ter'-ne-te. n. s. Duration not infinitely, but indefinitely long. ro E'VOCATE*, ev'-6-kate. v. a. To call forth. Stackhouse. SVOCA'TION, ev-o-ka'-shun. n.s. [evocatio, Lat.] The act of calling out. Brown. To EVO'KE^*, e-voke'. v. a. [evoco, Lat.] To call forth. Warburton. EVOLA'TION, ev-i-la'-shun. 530. n. s. [evolo, Lat.] The act of flying away. Bp. Hall. EVOLU'TION, ev-6-liV-shun. 530. 7?. s. [evolutus, Lat.] The act of unrolling or unfolding-. Boyle. The series of things unrolled or unfolded. More. [In geometry.] The equable evolution of the pe- riphery of a circle, or any other curve, is such a gradual approach of the circumference to rectitude, as that all its parts meet together, and equally evolve or unbend. Harris. [In tacticks.] The mo- tion made by a body of men in changing their pos- ture, or form of drawing up. Harris. — Evolution of powers. [In algebra.] Extracting of roots from any given power, being the reverse of involution. Harris. To EVOLVE §, e-volv'. v. a. [evolvo, Lat.] To un- fold ; to disentangle. Hale. To EVOLVE, e-vcnV. v. n. To open itself; to dis- close itself. Prior. E VOMFTION, Sv-d-mfeh'-fin. 530. re. s. [evomo, Lat.] The act of vomiting out. Swift,. To EVU'LGATEy*, e-vul'-gate. v. a. [evitlgo, Lat.~] To publish ; to spread abroad. EVULGA'TION, ev-ul-g-a'-shun. n.s. The act of divulging publication. Diet. EVU'LSION, e-vuF-shSn. n. s. [evulsio, Lat.] The act of plucking out. Brown. EWE, yu. 268. n.s. [eope, Sax.] The she sheep. Bacon. Jfc5" There is a vulgar pronunciation of this word, as if written yoe, which must be carefully avoided. W. E'WERS, yu'-ur. 98. n.s. [from eau, perhaps an ciently eu.] A vessel in which water is brought for washing the hands. Shakspeare. E'WRY, yu'-re. n. s. An office in the king's house- hold, where they take care of the linen for the king's table, lay the cloth, and serve up water in silver ewers after dinner. Diet. EX, eks, or egz. A Latin preposition often prefixed to compounded words ; sometimes meaning out : as, exhaust, to draw out ; sometimes only enforcing the meaning; and sometimes producing little al- teration. It is also often prefixed to words in order to imply out, i.e. no longer in office or employ- ment ; as an ex-general, an ex-minister. Q^jf*" The x in this inseparable preposition is, with respect to sound, under the same predicament as the s in dis ; which see. 425. W. To EXACERBATE y , egz-as'-er-bate. v. a. [exacer- bo, Lat.] To imbitter; to exasperate. EXACERBATION, egz-as-er-ba'-shfin. n. s. In- crease of malignity ; augmented force or severity. Height of a disease; paroxysm. Bacon. EXACERVA'TION^gz-as-ser-va'-shun. n.s. [acer- mis. Lat.] The act of heaping up. Diet. EXACTS, egz-akt'. 478. a. [exachis, Lat.] Nice; not deviating from rule. Pope. Methodical; uot negligently performed. Arbnthnot. Careful ; not negligent. Spectator. Honest; strict ; punctual Ecclus. Ii. To EXACT, Cgz-akt'. v. a. [exigo, exactus, Lat.] To require authoritatively. Shakspeare To de- mand of right. Dryden. To summon to enjoin Milton. To EXACT, egz-akt'. v. n. To practise extortion. Psalm Ixxx. EXACTER, or EXACTOR, egz-ak'-tur. 98. re. 5. An extortioner; one who claims more than his due. Bacon. He that demands by authority. Bacon One who is severe in his injunctions or demands K. Clmrles. EXACTION, egz-ak'-shun. n.s. The act of making an authoritative demand, or levying by force. Ne- hemiah,x. Extortion; unjust demand. Slia/c. A tribute severely levied. Addison. EXACTITUDE*, egz-ak-'-te-tude. n. s. Exactness* nicety. Scott. EXACTLY, egz-aktMe. ad. Accurately; nicely; thoroughly. Dryden. EXACTNESS, egz-akt'-nes. n.s. Accuracy; nice- ty ; strict conformity to rule or symmetry. Ecclus xlii. Regularity of conduct ; strictness of manners care not to deviate. King Charles. EXACTOR*. See Exacter. EXACTRESS*, egz-ak'-tres. re. s. She who is se- vere in her injunctions. B. Jonson. To EXACUATEy*, egz-ak'-u-ate. v. a. [exacuo, Lat.] To whet ; to sharpen. B. Jonson. EXACUA TION*, egz-ak-u-a'-shfin. n. s. Whetting or sharpening. Cockeram. To EXAGGERATE §, egz-adje'-e-rate. ii. a. [exag- gei-o, Lat.] To heap upon ; to accumulate. Hale. To heighten by representation. Clarendon. §CT" This word is sometimes heard with the double g hard, as in dagger ; but every one who has a scrap of Latin knows, that exaggerate comes from exaggero, and that all words from that language have the g soft before e and i : the third syllable, therefore, must have the g soft. But it will be said, that, according to the laws of pronunciation, the first g ought to be hard, as the first c is in flaccid, siccity, &.c. To Which it may be answered, that, strictly speaking, it ought to bo so ; but polite usage has so fixed the first as well as the last g in the soft sound, that none but a confirmed pedant would have the boldness to pronounce them differently. This usage, too, we find, is not without all foundation in analogy. Wherever there is a considerable difficulty in keeping sounds separate, they will infallibly run into each other. This is observable in the sound of s, which, when final, always adopts the sound of z when a flat consonant precedes, 434; the first s, likewise, in the ter- minations session, mission, &c, necessarily runs into the sound of sh, like the last s : but it may be said, that the first g in exaggerate has no snch relation to the second ass has to sh ; and that this very difference be- tween the two consonants makes us preserve the first e 354 EXA EXC — 116, move, nor, not 5 — tube, tub, bull 5 — 61I; — pfiund; — thin, thjs. in flaccid and sice ity in its hard sound of A, which is perfectly distinct from the other sound of c, which is nothing more than s. To this it can only be replied, by way of mitigation, that hard g and soft goij are form- ed nearer together in the mouth than hard c or k, and soft c 01 s ; and therefore, as they are more liable to coalesce, their coalescence is more excusable. W. EXAGGERATION, egz-adje-e-ra'-shun. ». s. The act of heaping together ; a heap. Hale. Hyper- bolical amplification. Featley. EXAGGERATORY*, egz-adjef-e-ra-tur-e. a. En- larging' by hyperbolical expressions. Johnson. To EXA GIT ATE §, egz-adje'-e-tate. v. a. [exagito, Lat.] To shake} to put in motion. Arbuthnot. To reproach ; to pursue with invectives. Hooker. EXAGITA'TION, egz-adje-e-ta'-sh&n. ?i.s. The act of shaking or agitating. Did. To EXA y LT§, egz-alt'. v. a. [exalter, Fr.] To raise on high. St. Matthew, xi. To elevate to power, wealth, cr dignity. Ezek. xxi. To elevate to joy or confidence. Clarendon. To praise 3 to extol 3 to magnify. Psal. xxxiv. To raise up in opposition. 2 Kings, xix. To intend 3 to enforce. Prior. To heighten ; to refine by fire. Arbuthnot. To elevate in diction or sentiment. Roscommon. EXALT A'TION, egz-al-ta'-shun. n.s. The act of raising on high. Elevation to power or dignity. Judith, xvi. Elevated state; state of greatness or dignity. Milton. [In pharmacy.] Raising a medi- cine to a higher degree of virtue. Quincy. The operation of purifying or perfecting any natural body, its principles, or parts. S?nith. Dignity of a planet in which its powers are increased. Dryden, EXA'LTEDNESS*, egz-alt'-ed-ngs. n. s. State of dignity or greatness. More. Conceited greatness. Gray'. EXALTER*, £gz-alt/-ur. n. s. One that raises on high. Donne. One that highly praises or extols. Puller. EXA'MEN, £gz-a'-men. 503. n. s. [Lat.] Examina- tion ; disquisition ; inquiry. Brown. EXAMINABLE*, egz-am'-e-na-bl. a. Proper to be inquired into. EXA'MIN ANT*, egz-am'-e-nant. n. s. One who is to be examined. Dean Prideaux. EXA'MINATE, egz-am'-e-nate. n. s. The person examined. Bacon. EXAMINA/TION, egz-am-e-na'-shfin. n.s. The act of examining by questions, or experiment 5 accurate disquisition. Acts, xxv. EXA'MINATOR, egz-W-e-na-tfir. 521. n. s. An examiner. Brown. To EXA'MINE §, egz-am'-ln. 140. v. a. [examino, Lat.] To try a person accused or suspected by in- terrogatories. Church Catechism. To interrogate a witness. Acts, xxiv. To question; to doubt. Shak. To try the truth or falsehood of any pro- position. To try by experiment, or observation ; narrowly sift ; scan. Pope. To make inquiry into ; to search into; to scrutinize. Locke.' EXA MINER, egz-am'-e-nur. n.s. One who interro- gates a criminal or evidence. Hale. One who searches or tries any thing ; one who scrutinizes. Newton. EXA'MPLARY, egz-am'-plar-e. a. Serving for ex- ample or pattern. Hooker. EXA MPLE §, egz-am/-pl. 473. n.s. [exemplum, Lat.] Copy or pattern ; that which is proposed to be re- sembled. Raleigh. Precedent; former instance of the like. Shak. Precedent of good. Milton. A person fit to be proposed as a pattern. 1 Tim. iv. One punished for the admonition of others. Jude, 7. Influence which disposes to imitation. Wisd. iv. Instance ; illustration of a general position by some particular specification. Dryden. Instance in which a rule is illustrated by an application. Dryden. To EXA'MPLE, egz-am'-pl. v. a. To exemplify; to give an instance of. Spenser. To set an example. Sha/cspeare. EXA'MPLELESS*, egz-am'-pl-lgs. a. Having no example or pattern. B Jonson. EXA'MPLER*, egz-auv'-plur. n.s. A pattern; aa example to be followed. Bp. Fisher. Ob. T. EXA'NGUIOUS^k-sang'-gwe-fis.tSeeExiccATE.] a. [exsanguw, Lat.] Having no blood; formed with animal juices, not sanguineous. Brown. To EXA'NIMATE §*,egz-an'-e-mate. v. a. [exanimo, Lat.] To trouble greatly; to amaze; to dishearten ; to discourage. Huloet. To deprive of life. Cole*. EXA'NIMATE, egz-an'-e-mate. a. Lifeless 3 dead Spenser. Spiritless ; depressed. Thomson. EXANIMA'TION,egz-an-e-ma/-shun. n.s. Deprive tion of life } an amazement, a disheartening. Cockeram. ' EXA'NIMOUS, egz-an'-e-mus. a. [exanimis, Lat.] Lifeless; dead; killed. EXANTHEMATA, eks-an-tfiem'-a-ta. n.s. [if. avdrifiara.'] Eiflorescences ; eruptions; breaking out; pustules. EXANTHE'MATOUS, eks-an-tfiem'-a-tus. a. Pus- tulous; efflorescent ; eruptive. 7'oEXANTLATE§, egz-ant'-late. v. a. [exantlo. Lat.] To draw out. To exhaust 5 to waste away Boyle. EXANTLA'TION, eks-ant-la'-shun. n.s. The act of drawing out 5 exhaustion. Brown. EXARA'TION, egz-a-ra'-shun. n.s. [exaro, Lat.] The manual act of writing. Diet. E'XARCH §*, eks'-ark. n. s. [%>%<*.] A viceroy. Proceedings against Garnet. EXARCHATE*, eks'-ar-kate. ». s. The dignity of an exarch. Bp. Taylor. EXART1CULA TION, eks-ar-tik-u-la'-shun. . n. s [ex and articulus, Lat.] The dislocation of a joint Diet. To EXA'SPERATE §, egz-as'-per-ate. v. a. [exas- pero, Lat.] To provoke ; to enrage. Shale. To heighten a difference. Brown. To exacerbate ; to heighten malignitv. Bacon. EXASPERATE*; egz-as'-per-ate. a. Provoked; imbittered. Shakspeare. EXA'SPERATER, egz-as'-per-a-f&r. n. s. He that exasperates ; a provoker. Sherwood. EXASPERATION, egz-as-per-a'-shun. n. s. Ag- gravation ; malignant representation. K. Charles. Provocation; irritation. Donne. Exacerbation Wotton. Rem. To EXA'UCTORATE §, egz-awk'-t6-rate. v. a. [ex auctoro, Lat.] To dismiss from service. Ld. Herbert To deprive of a benefice. Aylijje. EX AUCTOR A'TION, egz-awk-t6-ra'-shun. n.s Dismission from service. Bp. Richardson. Depri vation; degradation. Ay line. To EXA'UTHORATE*, ~egz-aw'-tfz6-rate. v. a [exauthorer, old Fr.] To dismiss from service Cockeram. EXAUTHORATION*. egz-aw-tfio-ra'-shun. ikJ Deprivation of office. Bp. Hall. To EXA'UTHORIZE*, egz-aw'-^6-rlze. v. a. [eat and authorize.] To deprive of, or put from, authori ty. Selden. EXCANDE SCENCE, eks-kan-des'-sense, 510. ) EXCANDE'SCENCY, cks-kan-des'-sen-se. ) n.s. [excandesco, Lat.] Heat; the state of growing hot. Anger ; the state of growing angry. EXCANTA'TION, eks-kan-ta'-shun. n. s. [excanto, Lat.] Disenchantmentby a counter-charm. Gayton To EXCA RNATE §, eks-kar'-nate. v. a. [ex and car nis. Lat.] To clear from flesh. Sir W. Petty. EXCARNIF1C A'TION, Sks-kar-ne-fe-ka'-shun, n. s. The act of taking away the flesh. To EXCAVATE^, eks-ka'-vate. v. a. [earcaw, Lat.] To hollow; to cut into hollows. Ray. EXCAVA'TION, eks-ka-va'-shun. n. s. The act of cutting into hollows. The hollow formed; the cavity. Wotton. E'XCA VATOR*, els'-ka-va-t&r. n. s. A digger. To EXCA'VE*, Sks-kave'. v. a. To hollow. Cocke ram. To EXCE'CATE §*, ek-se'-kate. v.a. [excccce, Lat.] To make blind; to put out the eyes. Cockeram. EXCECA'TION* eks-e-ka'-shun. n.s. Blindness Bp. Richardson. 355 EXC EXC O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, p?n:- 7'o£XCE'ED6, ek-seed'. v. a. [excedo, Lat.] To go beyond; to outgo. Woodward. To excel; to surpass. 1 Kings, x. To EXCE'ED, Ik-seed', v. n. To go too far ; to pass the bounds of fitness. Bp. Taylor. To go beyond any limits. Devi. xxv. To bear the greater pro- portion. Drxjden. EXCE'EDABLE* Sk-see'-da-hl. a. That may sur- mount or excel. Sherwood. EXCE'EDER* gk-see'-dfir. n. s. One that passes the bounds of fitness. Mountagu. EXCEEDING*, ^k-see'-d?ng. n. s. That which passes the usual limits. Addison. EXCEEDING, ek-see'-dlng. part. a. Great in quan- tity, extent, or duration. Raleigh. EXCEEDING, gk-see'-d?ng. ad. In a very great degree; eminently. 1 Sam. ii. EXCEEDINGLY", ^k-see'-dfng-le. ad. To a great degree ; greatly ; very much. St. Mark, xv. EXCE'EDINGNESS^k-see'-ding-nes. n.s. Great- ness in quantity, extent, or duration. Sherwood. To EXCE'L §, ek-seF. v. a. [excello, Lat.] To outgo in good qualities; to surpass. Waller. To over- power. Milton. To exceed, simply. Milton. To EXCE L, ek-sel'. v. n. To have good qualities in a great degree ; to be eminent. Gen. xlix. EXCELLENCE. ek'-sfl-lense. )n. s. [excellence. EXCELLENCY, eV-sgl-len-se. \ Fr. excellentia, Lat.] The state of abounding in any good quality. Milton. Dignity ; high rank in existence. Hooker. The state of excelling in any thing. Locke. That in which one excels. Addison. Purity; goodness. Shak. A title of honour. Usually applied to am- bassadours and efovernours. Shakspeare. EXCELLENT, efc'-sel-lent. a. [excellent, Lat.] Of great virtue, worth, or dignity. Taylor. Eminent m any good quality. Job, xxxvii. EXCELLENTLY, ek'-sel-lent-le. ad. Well; in a high degree. Brown. To an eminent degree. Dn/den. EXCE'NTRICK* gk-seV-trlk. See Eccentrics. To EXCEPT §, ek-sept'. v. a. [excipio, Lat.] To leave out, and specify as left out of a general pre- cept, or position. 1 Cor. xv. To EXCETT, Sk-sept'. v. n. To object ; to make objections. Locke. EXCETT, ek-sept'. prep. Exclusively of; without inclusion of. Milton. Unless; if it be not so that. Tillotson. EXCEPTING, gk-sep'-t?ng. Wep. Without inclu- sion of; with exception of. Dryden. EXCEPTION, ek-sep'-shfin. n. s. Exclusion from the things comprehended in a precept, or position. South. Thing excepted or specified in exception. Swift. Objection ; cavil. Hooker. Peevish dis- like ; offence taken. Shak. Exception is a stop or stay to an action, both in the civil and common law. Cowel. EXCEPTIONABLE, ek-sep'-shun-a-bl. a. Liable to objection. Addison. EXCEPTIONER* ek-sep'-shfin-ur. n . 5 . One who makes objections. Milton. EXCETTIOUS, Sk-sep'-shus. a. Peevish; froward; full of objections. South. EXCETTIOUSNESS*, ek-sep'-sh&s-nes. „. s . Peevishness. Barrow. EXCE'PTIVE, §k-sep'-uV. a. Including an excep- tion. Walts. EXCE'PTLESS, gk-sept'-les. a. Omitting or neg- lecting all exception. Slmkspeare. EXCETTOR, ^k-sep'-tfir. 166. n. s. Objector. Burnet. To EXCE'RN, gk-sern'. ». a. [excerno, Lat.] To strain out ; to separate or emit by strainers. Ba- con. roEXCE'RP^ek-serp'. v. a. [excerpo, Lat.] To pick out. Hales. To EXCE'RPT* ek-serpt'. v. a. To select. Bar- nard. EXCE RPTION, ek-serp'-shun. n. s. The act of gleaning ; selecting. The thing gleaned or select- ed. Raleigh. EXCERPTOR*, ek-serp'-tttr. n.s. A picker or culler. Barnard. EXCERPTS*, ek-seYpts'. n.s. pi. Passages se lecled from authors ; extracts. EXCE'SS §, Sk-seV. n. s. [excessus, Lat.] More than enough; superfluity. Hooker. Exuberance state of exceeding. Shakspeare. Intemperance unreasonable indulgence in meat and drink. SliaL Violence of passion. Transgression of due limits- Milton. EXCESSIVE, £x-ses'-slv. a. [excessif, Fr.] Beyond the common proportion of quantity or bulk. Bacon. Vehement beyond measure in kindness or dislike. Ecclus. xxxiii. EXCESSIVELY, ek-ses'-sfv-le. ad. Exceedingly ; eminently ; in a great degree. Addison. Li an in- temperate way. Spenser. EXCE'SSIVENESS*, ek-ses'-slv-nes. n.s. Exceed- ingness. Sherwood. To EXCHANGER, eks-tshanje'. v. a. [exchanger, Fr.] To give or quit one thing for the sake of gain- ing another. Locke. To give and take recipro- cal'ry. Slmkspeare. EXCHANGE, eks-tshanje'. n.s. The act of giving and receiving reciprocally. Waller. Traffick by permutation. South. The form or act of transfer- ring. Sink. The balance of the money of different nations. Hayward. The thing given in return for something received. Locke. The thing received in return for something given. Dryden. The place where the merchants meet to negotiate their af- fairs ; place of sale. Locke. EXCHANGEABLE*, ex-tshanje'-a-bl. a. That may be exchanged. EXCHANGER, eks-tshan'-jur. n. s. One who prac- tises exchange. St. Matt. xxv. EXCHE'AT. See Escheat. EXCHE'ATOR. See Escheator% EXCHEQUERS, gks-tsheV-fir. n. s. [escheqneir. Norman Fr.] The court to which are brought aL' the revenues belonging to the crown, and in which all causes touching the revenues of the crown are handled. Harris. To EXCHEQUER*, eks-tshek'-ftr. v. a. To insti- tute a process against a person in the court of ex- chequer. Pegge. EXCISABLE*, ek-sl'-za-bl. a. Liable to the duty of exci se . Act of Pari. EXCFSE §, ek-slze'. n. s. [accijs, Dutch, excision, Lat.] A tax levied upon various commodities by several acts of parliament; and collected by offi- cers appointed for that purpose. Hayward. To EXCFSE, gk-size'. v. a. To levy excise upon a person or thing. Pope. EXCISEMAN, ek-slze'-man. 88. n. s. An officer who inspects commodities, and rates their excise. EXCFSION, ek-sfzh'-un. 451. n. s. [excisio, Lat.] Extirpation ; destruction ; ruin. Sir T. Elyot. EXCITABILITY*, ek-sl-ta-bil'-e-te. n.s. Capabil ity of being excited. EXCFTABLE*, ek-sl'-ta-bl. a. Easy to be excited Barrow. To EXCI TATE*, ek-sl'-tate. v. a. To stir up. Ba- con. EXCITA'TION, ek-se-uV-shun. n.s. The act of ex citing, or putting into motion. Baccn. The act of rousing or awakening. Bp. Hall. EXCI'TATIVE*, ek-sl'-ta-tiv. a. Having power to excite. Barrow. To EXCFTE §, ek-slte'. v. a. [excito, LatJ To rouse ; to animate ; to stir up ; to encourage. Spenser. To put into motion ; to awaken ; to raise. EXCFTEMENT, ek-slte'-ment. n.s. The motiv 9 by which one is stirred up. Shakspeare. EXCFTER, ek-sl'-tfir. n. s^ One that stirs up others, or puts them in motion. King Charles. The cause by which any thing is raised or put in motion. De- cay of Piety. EXCI TFNG*. ek-sF-tfng. n. s. Excitation. Herbert To EXCLA'IM §, £ks-klame / . v. n. [exclamo, Lat.] To cry out with vehemence ; to make an outcry. Shak. To declare with loud vociferation. Slvdk. 356 EXC EXC -nd, move, nor, -not ; — tube, tub, bull; — oil 3 — pound ; — thin, this. EXCL ATM, e'ks-klame'. n. s. Clamour ; outcry. Shakspeare. EXCLA'IMER, eks-kl.V-mfir. n. s. One that makes vehement outcries. AUerbury. EXCLAMA'TION, gks-kla-ma'-shfin. n. s. Vehe- ment outcry; clamour; outrageous vociferation. Hooker. An emphatical utterance. Sidnetj. A note by which a pathetical sentence is marked, thus [!] EXCLAMATORY, gks-kjam'-a-tfir-e. 512, 557. a. Practising exclamation. Containing exclamation. South. To EXCLU'DE §, eks-kl&de'. v. a. [excludo, Lat.] To shut out ; to hinder from entrance or admission. Drydm. To debar ; to hinder from participation ; to prohibit. Dryden. To except in any position. Not to comprehend in any grant or privilege. Hooker. To dismiss from the womb or egg. Brown. EXCLUSION, gks-khY-zhfin. n.s. The act of shut- ting out or denying admission. Bacon. Rejection; not reception. Addison. The act of debarring from any privilege. Burnet. Exception. Bacon. The dis- mission of the young from the egg or womb. Ray. Ejection; emission; thing emitted. Brown. EXCLUSIONIST*, eks-klu'-zhun-Ist. n. s. One who would debar another from any privilege. Fox. EXCLUSIVE, eks-kliV-slv. 158, 428. a. Having the power of excluding or denying admission. Mil- ton. Debarring from participation. Locke. Not taking into an account or number ; opposed to in- clusive. Swift. Excepting. EXCLUSIVELY, £ks-kliV-sfv-le. ad. Without ad- mission of another to participation. Boyle. With- out comprehension in an account or number ; not inclusively. Ayliffe. To EXCO'CT, eks-kokt'. v. a. [excoclus, Lat.] To boil up; to make by boiling. Bacon. To EXCO'GITATES, eks-Mdje'-e-tate. v. a. [ex- cogito, LatJ To invent ; to strike out by think- ing. Sir T. Eluot. To EXCOGITATE* eks-kddje'-e-late. v. n. To think. Bacon. EXCOGITA'TION*, gks-k6dje-e-uV-shun. n. s. In- vention. Sir T. Elyot. To EXCO'MMUiNE* gks-kom -miW. v. a. To ex- clude ; to discommon. Gayton. EXCOMMU'NICABLE, eks-k6m-miV-ne-ka-bl. a. Liable or deserving to be excommunicated. Hooker. To EXCOMMU'NfCATE §, eks-k6m-m&'-ne-kate. v. a. [excommunico, low Lat.] To eject from the communion of the church by an ecclesiastical cen- sure. Hammond. {£/" Some smatterers in elocution are trying to pro- nounce this word with the accent on the second sylla- ble, and thus leave the three last syllables unaccented ; as if harshness and difficulty of pronunciation were the tests of propriety. The word excommunication will admit of the accent on this syllable, as another must be placed on the fifth ; but, if a secondary accent be neces- sary, it ought to be rather on the first syllable. 522. W. EXCOMMUNICATE*, Sks-k6m-miV-ne-kate. a. Excluded from the fellowship of the church. Donne. EXCOMMUNICATE*, gks-k6m-miV-ne-kate. n. s. One who is excluded from the fellowship of the church. Selden. One cut off from any advantage. Carew. EXCOMMUNICA / TION,eks-k6m-mu-ne-ka / -shun. n. s. An ecclesiastical interdict ; exclusion from the fellowship of the church. Hooker. ToEXCO'RIATES, gks-ki'-rMte. v. a. [excorio, Lat.] To flay; to strip off the skin. "Wiseman. EXCORIA'TION, eks-ki-re-a'-sh&n. n. s. Loss of skin ; privation of skin ; the act of flaying. Brewer. Plunder ; spoil. Howell. EXCORTICA'TION, eks-kSr-te-ka'-shftn. n.s. [ex and coiiex, Lat.] Pulling the bark off any thing. Quincy. E'XCREABLE*, eks'-kre-a-bl. a. Which may be spit out. Bullokar. To E'XCREATE §, eks'-kre-ate. v. a. [excreo, Lat.] To eject at the mouth by hawking. Cockeram. 25 To pass by ex- . [excrelio, Lat.] EXCREA'TION* eks-kre-a'-sh&n. n. s. A retcning, a spitting out. Cockeram. EXlCREMENT$,eks'-kre-ment. n. s. [excremenium, Lat.] That which is thrown out as useless, noxious^ or corrupted, from the natural passages of the body. Bacon. EXCREME'NTAL, Sks-kre-men'-tal. a. That which is voided as excrement. Burton. EXCREMENTFTIOUS, eks-kre-men-tfsh'-fls. a Containing excrements; consisting of matter ex creled from the body. Bacon. EXCRESCENCE *, eks-kres'-sense. >510. n. s EXCRESCENCY §, eks-kreV-sen-se. \ [excresco, Lat.] Somewhat growing out of another without use, and contrarj- to the common order of produc- tion. Dryden. EXCRESCENT, eks-kreV-sent. a. That which grows out of another with preternatural superfluity. Pope. To EXCRE'TE*, gks-krete'. v. a. cretion. Paley. EXCRE'TION, ^ks-kre'-shun. n. 1 Separation of animal substance ; ejecting some- what quite out of the body. Arhuthnot. The thing excerned. Bacon. EXCRE'TPTE, eks'-kre-tlv. a. Having the power of separating and ejecting excrements. Harvey. EXCRE'TORY, gks'-kre-tur-e. [See Domestics.] a. Having the quality of separating and ejecting superfluous parts. EXCRE'TORY, eks'-kre-tur-e. n.s. The instrument of excretion. Clvyne. EXCRU'CIABLE, eks-krSS'-she-a-bl. a. Liable to torment. Diet. To EXCRUCIATES, eks-kroo'-she-ate. 542. v. a. [exci-ucio, Lat.] To torture ; to torment. Cliapman. EXCRUCIATION*, eks-krSS-she-a'-shun. n. s. Torment; vexation. Feltham. EXCUBATION, eks-ku-ba'-shun. n. s. [excubatw, Lat.] The act of watching all night. Diet. To EXCULPATE $, eks-k&l'-pate. v. a. [ex and culpo, Lat.] To clear from the imputation ofa fauit - Lowth. EXCULPATION*, eks-kfil-pa'-shun. n. s. The act of clearing from alleged blame. Beriagton. EXCU LPATORY*, eks-kul'-pa4ur-e. a. Clearing from imputed fault. Johnson. To EXCU'R, eks-kiV. v. n. To pass beyond lim- its. Harvey. Ob. J. EXCURSION $, gks-kur'-shun. n. s. [excurro, Lat.] The act of deviating from the stated or settled path ; a ramble. Pope. An expedition into some distant part. Locke. Progression beyond fixed lim- its. Arbuthnot. Digression; ramble from a sub- ject. Botjle. EXCURSIVE, gks-ktV-siV. 157. a. Rambling ; wan- dering; deviating. Thomson. EXCURSIVELY* els-kiV-s?v-le. ad. In a wan- dering, unsettled manner. Boswell. EXCU^RSIVENESS*, eks-ktV-sfv-nes. n. s. The act of passing beyond usual bounds. Brit. Crit. EXCUSABLE, eks-ku'-za-bl. a. Pardonable. Sid ney. EXCUSABLENESS, ^ks-kiV-za-bl-nes. n. s. Par donableness ; capability to be excused. Boyle. EXCUSA'TION, eks-ku-za'-shun. n. s. Excuse plea; apology. Bacon. EXCUSATORY, eks-kiV-za-tur-e. 512. [See Dc mestick.] a. Pleading excuse; apologetical making apology. A. Wood. To EXCUSE §, eks-kuze'. 437. v. a. [excuse, Lat.] To extenuate by apology. B. Jonson. To disen- gage from an obligation. St. Luke, xiv. To remit , not to exact. To weaken or mollify obligation to any thing; to obtain remission. South. To pardon by allowing an apology. Addison. To throw off imputation dv a feigned apology. 2 Cor. xii. To justify ; to vindicate. Rom. ii. EXCUSE, ^ks-kuse'. n. s. Plea offered in extenua- tion ; apology. Sidney. The act of excusing or apologizing. Shak. Cause for which one is ex cused. Roscommon. 557 EXE EXE G3 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m&;— pine, pin EXCU'SELESS, Sks-k&se'-l&s. a. That for which no excuse can be given. Whitlock. EXCU'SER, £ks-kiV-zur. n.s. One who pleads for another. Swift. One who forgives another. Shel- ton. To EXCU'SS $, eks-kus'. r. a. [excussits, Lat.] To seize and detain by law. Ayliffe. To shake off. [excussio, Lat.] a. Hateful; de- Cursedly ; StiVLingfkU. EXCURSION, eks-kush'-un. v. s. Seizure by law. Aijliffe. F/XECRABLE, eV-s£-kra-bl. 405. a. testable; accursed. Hooker. E'XECRABLY, eV-se-kra-ble. ad abominably. Dryden. To E'XECRATE $, eV-se-krate. v. a. [execror, Lat.] To curse ; to imprecate ill upon. Bp. Taylor. EXECRA'TION, gk-se-kra'-shun. n.s. Curse; im- precation of evil. Stilling fleet. The object of exe- cration. Jerem. xliv. E'XECRATORY*, £ks'-e-kra-tur-e. n.s. A formu- lary of execrations. L. Addison. To EXE'CT§, gks-ekt'. v. a. [execo, Lat.] To cut out ; to cut away. Harvey. EXERTION, e*ks-eV-shun. n. s. The act of cutting out. roE'XECUTEMk'-se-kute. v. a. [exequor, Lat.] To perform ; to practise. South. To put in act : to do what is planned or determined. Hooker. To put to death according to form of justice; to punish capitally. Wotton. To put to death ; to kill. Sliak. To E'XECUTE, ek'-se-kute. v. n. To perform the proper office. Sir J. Hayicard, E'XECUTER, eks'-e-ku-tfir, or egz-ek'-Mr. n.s. He that performs or executes any thing. Shak. An executioner ; one who puts others to death. Shak. He that is intrusted to perform the will of a testa- tor. In this sense the accent is on the second syl- lable. Shakspeare. See Executor. LXE'CUTERSHIP, egz-eV-u-tur-sh?p. n.s. The office of him that is appointed to perform the will of the defunct. Bacon. EXECUTION, £k-se-ku'-shun. n. s. Performance ; practice. Bacon. The last act of the law in civil causes, by which possession is given of body or foods. Clarendon. Capital punishment; death in- icted by forms of law. Sliakspeare. Destruction; slaughter. Shakspeare. EXECUTIONER, ek-se-kvV-shun-ur. n. s. He that puts in act, or executes. Bacon. He that inflicts capital punishment. Sidney. He that kills ; he that murders. Shak. The instrument by which any thing is performed. Crashaw. EXECUTIVE, egz-£k'-u-t1v. 478. a. Having the quality of executing or performing. Hale. Active ; not deliberative ; not legislative ; naving the power to put in act the laws. Addison. EXECUTOR*, egz-ek'-u-tfir. 166. n.s. He that is intrusted to perform the will of a testator. See Executer. {fc^p When this word signifies one who performs any thing in general, the accent is on the same syllable as on the verb to execute. W. EXECUTORSHIP*. See Executership. EXECUTORY*, egz-ek'-u-tur-e. a. [executoire, Fr.] Having authority to put the laws in force ; exer- cising authority. Burke. [In law.] To be execut- ed or performed at a future period. Blackstone. EXECUTRESS*, egz-eV-u-tres. n.s. An execu- trix. Tragedy of K. John. EXECUTRIX, egz-eV-u-trlks. n. s. [executrice, Fr.] A woman intrusted to perform the will of the testator. Bacon. EXEGE'SIS §, elts-fe-je'-sls. 478, 520. n. s. [i&yr,m S .-] An explanation. EXEGETICAL, eks-e-jel'-e-kal. a. Explanatory; expository. Smith. EXEGETICALLY*, eks-e-jet'-e-kal-le. ad. By way of explanation. Bp. Bull. EXEMPLAR §, e^gz-em'-plar. 88. n.s. [Lai.] A pattern ; an example to be imitated. Raleigh. EXE'MPLAR*. See Exemplary. EXE MPLARILY, egz'-em-plar-e-le. ad. So as de- serves imitation. Bp. Hall. So as may warn others. Clarendon.. T n proof. Sir T. Herbert. EXE'MPLARINESS, egz'-em-plar-e-nes. n.s. State of standing as a pattern to be copied. Tillotson. EXEMPLA'RITY*,egz-em-plar'-e4e. n.s. A pat- tern worthy of imitation ; goodness. W. Mountagu EXEMPLARY, egz'-em-plar-e. a. Such as may deserve to be proposed to imitation. Bacon. Such as may give warning to others. K. diaries. Such as may attract notice and imitation. Prior. Ulus trating as the proof of a thing. Fuller. §Cr I have given the first syllable of this word, and the substantive and adverb formed from it, the flat sound of x, directly contrary to analogy, because I think it agreeable to the best usage ; and in this case analogy must be silent ; though I think it ought to be a silence of complaisance rathe/than of consent. 425, 478. W, EXEMPLARY*, egz'-em-plar-e. n. s. [exemplaire, Fr.] A copy of a book or writing. Donne. EXEMPLIFICATION, egz-em-ple-fe-ka'-shfin n.s. A copy; a transcript. Hayicard. EXE'MPLIFIER*, egz-em'-ple-f 1-ftr. n. s. He that followeth the example of others. Huloet. To EXEMPLIFY, ^gz-em'-ple-fl. Id3. v. a. To il- lustrate by example. Hooker. To transcribe ; to copy. To EXE'MPT §, egz-emt'. 412. y. a. [exempts, Lat.] To privilege ; to errant immunity from. Shakspeare. EXE'MPT, egz-emt'. a. Free by privilege. Ayliffe. Not subject; not liable to. B. Jonson. Clear; not included. Lee. Cut off from. Sliakspeare. EXEMPTION, egz-em'-shfin. n. s. Immunity; privilege ; freedom from imposts. Bacon. EXE'MPTIBLE*, egz-em'-te-bl. a. Loose ; quit ; free ; privileged. Cotgrave. EXEMPTFTIOUS, egz-em-tfsh'-us. a. Separable ; that may be taken from another. More. To EXE'NTERATE §, egz-en'-teV-ate. v. a. [exen- tero, Lat.] To embowel. Burton. EXENTERATION, %z-en-ter-a'-shun. n. s. The act of taking out the bowels. Brown. EXE'QUIAL, egz-e'-kwe-al. a. Funeral; relating to funerals. Pope. E'XEQUIES §, eks'-e-kwlz. ft. s. [exequice, Lat.] Without a singular. Funeral rites ; the ceremony of burial ; the procession of burial. Sliakspeare. E'XEOJJY*. See Exequies. EXE'RCENT, egz-er'-sent. a. [exercens, Lat.] Prac- tising ; following any calling. Ayliffe. EXERCISABLE*, eks-ur-si'-za-bl. a. Capable of being exercised. Har grave. E'XERCISE§, e*ks'-er'-size. 478. n.s. [exercitium, Lat.] Labour of the body; labour, considered as conducive to health. Bacon. Something done for amusement. Bacon. Habitual action by which the body is formed to gracefulness. Sidney. Prepara- tory practice in order to skill. Use ; actual appli- cation of any thing. Hooker. Practice ; outward performance" A Alison. Employment. Locke. Task; that which one is appointed to perform. Milton. Act of divine worship, whether publick or private. Constitutions and Canons Ecclesiastical. To E'XERCISE, eks'-er-slze. v. a. [exerceo, Lat.] To employ; to engage in employment. Locke. To train by use to any act. Locke. To make skilful or dexterous by practice; to habituate Hehr.v. To busy; to keep busy. Alterbury. To task ; to keep employed as a penal injunction. Eccl. i. To practise ; to perform. Bacon. To exert ; to put in use. St. Matt. xx. To practise or use in order to habitual skill. Dryden. To E'XERCISE, eks'-£r-size. v. n. To use exer- cise; to labour for health or for amusement. Broome. EXERCISER, eks'-er-sl-zur. n.s. He that directs or uses exercise. Diet. He that practises or per- forms an office or duty. Fulkc. EXERCITA'TION, egz-er-se-ta'-shfin. n.s. Exer- cise. Brown. Practice; use. Fellon. EXE'RGUE*, egz-erg'. n. s. [Fr.] That part of the medal which belongs not to the general device or subject of it, but which contains, in a corner of 358 EXH EXT — n6, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tub, bull 3 — 6?1 ; — pound ; — tli'm, thIs. it, or under a line or figure, the name of the au- thor, or some collateral circumstance. To EXE'RT$ ; egz-grt'. 478. v. a. [exero, Lat.] To use with an effort. Dry den. To put forth ; to per- form. South. To enforce; to push to an effort. Druderu To bring out. Dryden. To emit; to bush out. Phillips. EXE'RTION, egz-eV-shun. «. s. The act of exert- ing; effort. Robertson. EXE'SION, egz-e'-zhun. n.s. [exesm, Lat.] The act of eating through. Brown. EXESTUA'TION, egz-es-tshu-a'-shfin. n. s. [exces- tuo, Lat.] The state of boiling; effervescence; ebullition. Boyle. To EXFOLIATE £, e'ks^'-le-ite. v. n. [ex and folium, Lat.] To shell off; separate, as a corrupt bone from the sound part. Wiseman. EXFOLIATION, e^ks-ib-le-a'-shun. n. s. The pro- cess by which the corrupted part of the bone sepa- rates from the sound. Burnet. EXFOLIATIVE, Sks-ftMe-a-tiv. a. That has the sower of procuring exfoliation. Wiseman. £gz-l evaporated. Boyle. power EXHA' LABLE, ggz-ha'-la-bl. 405. a. That may be EXHALATION, egz-ha-la'-shun. n. s. [exhalatio, Lat.] The act of exhaling or sending out in va- pours ; emission. Sir T. Brown. The state of evaporating or flying out in vapours ; evaporation. That which rises in vapours. Milton. To EXHA'LE $, egz-hale'. 478. v. a. [exhalo, Lat.] To send or draw out in vapours. Temple. To draw out. Shakspeare. 0T^° Though the ablest grammarians (Beauzee Gram- maire Generate, torn. i. p. 66.) have determined H to be a consonant, they have not decided whether it belongs to the flat or sharp class. If we consult our ear, when we place an unaccented x before it, we shall judge it belongs to the former, as the x in this situation gene- rally slides into gz. W. EXHA'LEMENT, %z-hale'-ment. n. s. Matter ex- haled ; vapour. Brown. To EXHA'USTS, egz-hawst'. 425. v. a. To drain ; to diminish. Bacon. To draw out totally ; to draw till nothing is left. Locke. To draw forth. Sluxk- speare. EXHA'UST*, ggz-hawst'. a. Drained ; deprived of strength. Burton. EXHAUSTER*, ggz-haws'-tflr. n. s. One who draws out totally. Ellis. EXHAUSTIBLE*, egz-haws'-te-b!. a. Capable of being exhausted. Johnson. EXHAUSTION, egz-hW-tshun. 464. n. s. The act of drawing or draining - . Wotton. EXHA/USTMENT*, egz-liawst'-ment. n.s. Drain; diminution ; outgoing 1 . Bp. Williams. EXHA'USTLESS, ggz-hawsf-les. a. Not to be emp- tied; inexhaustible. Blackmore ToEXHE'REDATE^egz-her'-e-date. v. a. [ex- hceredo, Lat.] To disinherit. Huloet. EXHER'EDA'TION* e^z-her-e-da'-shfin. n. s. A disinheriting. Chambers. To EXHFBIT §,lgz-hib'-it. 478. v.a. [cxhibeo, Lat.] To offer to view or use ; to offer or propose in a formal manner. Clarendon. To show ; to display. Pope. EXHFBIT*, egz-hTb'-it. n. s. Any paper formally exhibited in a court of law or equity. Cowel. EXHI'BITER, egz-hib'-it-ur. n. s. He that offers any thing in a publick manner. Sluxk. He that displays to publick view. Gayton. EXHIBITION, %z-he-b]sh/-un. n. s. The act of exhibiting ; display. Grew. Allowance ; salary ; pension. Swift. Pavment ; recompense. Shak. EXHIBITIONER*, "egz-he-brsh'-un-ur. n. s. One who, in our English universities, receives a pension or allowance, bequeathed by benefactors for the encouragement of learning. EXHFBITIVE, egz-hlb'-e-tlv. a. Representative; displaying. Norr-is. EXHFBITD7ELY*, eVz-hfb'-e-tiv-le. ad. Repre- sentatively. Waterland. EXHFBITOR*, egz-hnV-it-ur. See Exhibited EXHFBITOR Y*, egz-hib'-e-tur-e. a. Setting forth; showing. Warton,. To EXHILARATES, egz-hil'-a-rate. v. a. [exhila- ro, Lat.] To make cheerful ; to cheer ; to fall with mirth ; to enliven. Bacon. To EXHFLARATE*, egz-hfl'-a-rate. v. n. To be- come glad. Bacon. EXHILARATION, Sgz-hll-a-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of giving gayety. The state of Deing enlivened. Bacon.. To EXHO'RT $, egz-h6rt'. v. a. [exhortor, Lat.] To incite by words to any good action. 1 Thess. iv. EXHO'RT* egz-hdrf. n. s. Exhortation. Pope. Ob. T. ^ EXHORTATION, e'ks-hSr-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of exhorting; incitement to good. Atterbury. The form of words by which one is exhorted. SlwJc. EXHORTATIVE*, eks-hor^ta-liv. a. Containing exhortation. Barrow. EXHO'RTATORY, ggz-hSr'-ta-tur-e. 512. [See Domestick.] a. Tending to exhort Cockeram. EXHO'RTER, egz-hdr'-tur. n. s. One who exhorts or encourages by words. Huloet. EXHUMATION* egz-hu-ma'-shfin. n. s. [ex ana humus, Lat.] The act of unburying, or removing out of the grave. Seu-ard. To EXFCCATE§, ek-sik'-kate. v. a. [exsicco, Lat.] To dry. Diet. Q^J* The first syllable of this word (strictly speaking) ought to be pronounced according to the rule laid down under the preposition ex •■ but in this pronunciation we totally lose the sharp s, which commences the Latin word sicco, to dry, of which this word is compounded ; and thus the sound of the word is radically injured, and its etymology lost. But, it will be said, the Latins made the same excision of the radical s, on account of the coincidence with the s contained in the x of the prepo- sition, and wrote the word exicco. It is allowed these corruptions obtained amongst them, as amongst us ; though it is doubtful whether the same inconvenience arose amongst them in this word, 33 with us : for Vos- sius makes it highly probable that the Latins never gave the flat sound egz to the letter x ; and the best * manuscripts inform us, that writing this word with an z, as exsicco, and thus preserving the composition distinct and perfect, is the most accurate orthogra- phy. W. EXICCA'TION, gk-slk-ka'-slnm. n. s. Arefaction ; act of drying up ; stale of being dried up. Bent- EXFOCATIVE, eVsnV-ka-llv. 512. «. Drying in quality; having the power of drying. E'XTGENCE §, ek'-se-jense. ) n, s. Demand ; want ; EXIGENCY $, ek'-se-jen-sM .need. Hooker Pressing necessitv; sudden occasion. Broome. EXIGENT, eV-se-jlnt. n. s. [cxigens, Lat] Press- ing business; occasion that requires immediate help. Hooker. A law term; a writ sued when the defendant is not to be found. Hanmar. End. Shakspeai-e. E'XIGENT*, eV-se-jent. a. Pressing ; requiring im- mediate aid. Burke. EXIGUTTY §, eks-e-gu'-e-te. n, s. [exiguitas, Lat.] Smallness; diminutiveness ; slenderness. Boyle. EXFGUOUS, egz-fg'-u-us. a. Small; diminutive; little. Harvey. E'XILE^, e'ks'-ile. n. s. [erilhim, Lat.] Banishment; state of being banished. Shak. The person ban- ished. Dryden. 55= This word, as a substantive, has the accent always on the first syllable ; as a verb, it was formerly accent- ed on either syllable; but it is now, as Mr. Narea ob- serves, universally accented as the noun. W. To E'XILE, eg-zlle'. 492. [eks'-lle.] v.a. To banish; to drive from a country. Sliakspeare. EXFLE§, gg-zlle'. 478. a. [exilis, Lat.] Small; slender ; not full ; not powerful. Bacon. ft^p This word, as an adjective derived from the Latia exilis, is by Nares, Sheridan, Ash, ana Entick, ac- cented on the last syllable. The third edition of Johnson's folio edition has the accent on the last also but the quarto edition has it on the first. Authority ia certainly on the side of the ultimate accent ; but it ma» be questioned whether it is not contrary te analogy , fc. 359 EXO EXP \tT 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met}— pine, pin: the penultimate i, being long in Latin, has no necessary influence on the English word, any more than it has on hostile, servile, &c. W. f;XFLEMENT ; eg-zlle'-ment. n. s. Banishment. Wotton,. EXILFTION, eks-e-flsh'-dn. n. s. [exilitio, Lat.] The act of springing or rushing out suddenly. Brown. EXI'LITY, eg-zfl'-e-te. n. s. Slenderness ; smallness ; diminution. Bacon. EXIMIOUS, eg-zlm'-e-us. a. [eximius, Lat.] Fa- mous 5 eminent ; conspicuous ; excellent. Barrow. To EXINANITE §f, ^g-z'in'-a-nlte. v. a. [exinanio, Lat.] To make empty ; to spoil ; to weaken ; to make of no force. Pearson. Ob. T. EXINANFTION, eg-zfn-a-nlsh'-un. n.s. Privation; loss. Bp. Hall. To EXi'ST $, eg-zisf. 478. v. n. [existo, Lat.] To be ; to have a being South. EXISTENCE, eg-zls'-tense. ) n. s. [existenlia. low EXI'ST EN CY, eg-zfs'-ten T se. $ Lat.] State of be- ing; actual possession of being. Brawn. A being. Taller. EXFSTENT, gg-zls'-tent. a. Having being; in possession of being. Brown. EXISTENTIAL*, eg-zls-teV-shal. a. Having exis- tence. Bp. Barlow. EXISTIMA'TION, eg-z7s-te-ma'-shun. n. s. [existi- maiio, Lat.] Opinion. Esteem. E'XIT, eks'-it. n. s. [Lat.] The term set in the mar- gin of plays to mark the time at which the player goes off. Recess; departure; act of quitting "the theatre of life. Sfutk. Passage out of any place. Glanaille. Way by which there is a passage out. Woodward. EXFTIAL, egz-lsh'-val. 113. )a. [exitialis, Lat.] EXFTIOUS, egz-lsh'-yus. ) Destructive; fatal"; mortal. Homilies. Ob. J. E XODE*, eW-ode. n. s. \l\oliov^\ An interlude, or farce, at the end of a tragedy. Roscommon. EXODUS, eW-o-dus. )n. s. [s&Sos.] Departure; E'XODY, eks'-o-de. ) journey from a place : the second book of Moses is so called, because it de- scribes the journevofthe Israelites from Egvpt. Hale. EXOLE'TE, eks'-d-lete. a. [exoktus, Lat.J Obso- lete; out of use. Did. EXOLU'TION, eg-zb-lu'-shun. n. s. Laxation of the nerves. Brown. To EXORVE, egz-6lv{. v. a. [exolvo, Lat.] To loose ; to pay. Diet. EXO MPHALOS, egz-om'-fa-los. n. s. [e| and S r 6a\og.'] A navel rupture. To EXONERATE §, egz-on'-gr-ate. v. a. [exonero, Lat.] To unload ; to disburden. Ray. EXONERATION, egz-on-er-a'-shfin. n. s. The act of disburdening, or discharging. Grew. EXONERATIVE*, egz-6n'-£r-a-uV. a. Freeing from any charge or burden. EXO PTABLE, egz-op'-ta-bl. a. [exoptabilis, Lat.] Desirable ; to be sought with eagerness or de- sire. EX!ORABLE§, ek^-6-ra-bl. 405. a. [exorabilis, Lat.] To be moved by entreaty. Harrington. To E'XORATE*, eks'-o-rate. v. a. [exoro, Lat.] To obtain bv request. Coclceram. EXORBITANCES, egz-or'-be-tanse. )n. s. The EXORBITANCY §, egz-6V-be-tan-se. $ act of go- ing out of the track prescribed. Spenser. Enormity; gross deviation from rule or right. Bp. Hall. Boundless depravity. Garth. EXORBITANT §, egz-or'-be-tant. a. [ex and or- bilo, Lat.] Going out of the prescribed track. De- viating from the course appointed, or rule establish- ed. Woodward. Anomalous ; not comprehended in a settled rule or method. Hooker. Enormous ; bevond due proportion ; excessive. Addison. EXORBITANTLY*, %z-6V-be-tant-le. ad. Be- yond all bound or rule. Sir G. Buck. To EXORBITATE, ggz-or'-be-tate. v. n. [ex and orbito, Lat.] To deviate ; to go out of the track or road prescribed. Spenser. To E'XORCISE§, eks'-6r-slze. v. a. [#opri$w.] To abjure by some holy name. To drive away spirits by certain forms of abjuration. To purity from the influence of malignant spirits by religious ceremonies. Bp. Hall. E'XORCISER, ^ks'-or-sl-zur. n. s. One who prac- tises to drive away evil spirits. Shakspeare. E'XORCISM, eks'-or-sfzm. n. s. The form of abju- ration, or religious ceremony by which evil spirits are driven away. Harvey. E'XORCIST, eks'-or-sfst. n. s. One who, by abjura- tions, prayers, or religious acts, drives away ma- lignant spirits. Acts, xix. An enchanter ; a con- juror. Shakspeare. EXORDIAL*, ggz-Sr'-de-al.a. Introductorv. Brown. EXORDIUM, egz-6r'-de-um. n. s. [Lat.] A formal preface ; the proemial part of a composition. May. EXORNA'TIGN, elis-or-na'-shun. n. s. [exomatio, Lat.] Ornament; decoration; embellishment. Hooker. EXO SSATED, egz-os'-sa-uM. a. [exossatus. Lat.] Deprived of bones. Diet. EXOSTOSIS, eks-os-uV-sls. 520. n.s. [% and 6a- -£ov.~] Any protuberance of a bone that is not natu- ral. Quincy. Q^/= I have, in the accentuation of this word, differed from Mr. Sheridan and Dr. Ash, and have adhered to a Medical Dictionary, which places the accent regularly on the penultimate. W. EXQ'SSEOUS, egz-osh'-she-us. a. Wanting bones 5 boneless. Brown. EXOTERICAL §*, egz-6-teV-e-kal. ) a. [%ute 9 i- EXOTERI€K$*, egz-6-teV-?k. \ k^.] A term applied to the double doctrine of the ancient phi- losophers ; the publick, or exote7iek ; the secret, or esoterick. Hales. E'XOTERY*, egz'-6-ter-e. n. s. What is obvious or common. Search. EXO'TICAL $*, egz-ot'-e-kal. a. [i&riKbs.] Foreign; not domestick. Bp. Hall. EXO'TICK, egz-ot'-ik. a. Foreign; not produced in our own country. Bp. Morton. EXO'TICK, cgz-ot'-lk. n. s. A foreign plant. Ad- dison. To EXPAND §, ek-spand'. v. a. [exjiando, Lat.] To spread ; to lay open as a net or sheet To dilate ; to spread out every way. Arbuthnot EXPANSE, £k-spanse'. n. s. [expanMV*, Lat.] A body widely extended without inequalities. Mil- ton. EXPANSIBILITY, ek-span-se-bll'-e-te. n.s. Ca- pacity of extension; possibility to be expanded or spread into a wider surface. Grew. EXPANSIBLE, ek-span'-se-bl. a. Capable to be extended. Grew. EXPANSION, eks-pan'-shun. n. s. The state of be- ing expanded into a wider surface or greater space. Genesis. The act of spreading out. Grew. Ex- tent ; space to which any thing is extended. Locke. Pure space, as distinct from extension in solid matter. Locke. EXPANSD7E, eks-pan'-siv. 428. a. Having the power to spread into a wider surface. Ray. EX PARTE*, eks-par'-te. [Lat.] Of the one part. A law term, signifying Avhat is executed by one side only ; what is related on one part only of the matter. To EXPA'TIATES, ek-spa'-she-ate. 542. v. n. [ex- patior, Lat.] To range at large. Leland. To en- large upon in language. Broome. To let loose; to allow to ranjre. Sprat. EXPA'TIATOR*, ek-spa/-she-a-l&r. n.s. One who enlarges upon in language. Pegge. To EXPATRIATE §*, gk-spat'-re-ate, or Gk-spa'- tre-ate. v. a. [ex and patria, Lat.] To banish from one's native country ; to leave it. Berington. EXPATRIATION*. £k-spat -re-a'-sh&n. n. s. Ban- ishment, voluntary or compulsory ; emigration. (ToEXPE'CTS, ek-spekt'. v. a. [expecto, Lat.] To have a previous apprehension of either good or evil. Jerem. xxix. To wait for; to attend the com- ing:. Milton. 360 EXP EXP -116, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tftb, bull ; — 611 ;— pound ;— thm, THis. To EXPE'CT, ek-spfikt'. v. n. To wait 3 to stay. Sandys. EXPECTABLE, ek-spek'-ta-bl. a. To be expect- ed ; to be hoped or feared. Brown. EXPE'CT ANCE, ek-spek'-tanse. ) n. s. The act or EXPECTANCY, Gk-spek'-tan-se. \ state of ex- pecting-. Shakspeare. Something' expected. Shak- speare. Hope. Shakspeare. EXPECTANT, Zk-spek'-tinl. a. [Fr.] Waiting in expectation. Chaucer. EXPECTANT, ek-spek'-tant. n. s. One who waits in expectation of anv thing. Spenser. EXPECTATION, e*k-spek-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of expecting. Shak. The state of expecting either with hope or fear. Rogers. Prospect of any thing good to come. Ps. lxii. The object of happy ex- pectation ; the Messiah expected. Milton. A state in which something excellent is expected from us. Sidney. EXPECTATP7E*. ek-spgk'-ta-tlv. a. Expecting. Cotgrave. EXPE'CT ATIVE* ek-speV-ta-tfv. n.s. The object of expectation. Sir H. Wotton. EXPECTER, ek-spek'-tur. n. s. One who has hopes of something. Swift. One who waits for another. Shak, The name of a sect who had no determi- nate religion. Pagitt. EXPECTORANTS*, gks-pek'-t6-rants. n. s. Medi- cines which promote expectoration. To EXPECTORATES, eks-pgk'-t6-rate. v. a. [ex and pectus, Lat.] To eject from the breast. EXPECTORATION, eks-pgk-t6-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of discharging from the breast. That dis- charge which is made by coughing. Quincy. EXPECTORATIVE, eks-p£k'-t6-ra-tiv. 512. a. Having the quality of promoting expectoration. Harvey. To EXPEDIATE*, eks-pe'-de-ate. v. a. [exr,edier, old Fr.] To expedite ; to despatch. Sir E. San- dys. Ob. T. EXPEDIENCE, eks-pe'-de-ense. 7 376. n.s. Fit- EXPEDIENCY, dks-pe'-de^n-se. \ ness ; propri- ety ; suitableness to an end. South. Expedition ; adventure. Shak. Haste; despatch. Shak. EXPEDIENTS, eks-pe'-de-ent, or ex-pe'-je-gnt. 293. a. [expedient, old Fr.] Proper ; fit ; conveni- ent ; suitable. Hooker. Quick ; expeditious. Shak- speare. EXPEDIENT, eks-pe'-de-ent. n.s. That which helps forward, as means to an end. Decay of Piety . A shift ; means to an end contrived in an exigence, or difficulty. Dryden. EXPEDIENTLY, eks-pe'-de-ent-le. ad. Fitly; suitably; conveniently. Hastily; quickly. Shak- speare. ZbEXPEDITATES* ^ks-p^d'-e-tate. v. a. [expe- dite, low Lat.] To cut off the balls, or certain claws of great dogs' feet, that they may not harm the kind's deer. Chambers. EXPEDLTATION*, eks-p§d-e-ta'-shun. n.s. [In the forest laws.] The mutilation of dogs' feet. Ashmole. To E'XPEDITE §, gks'-pe-dlte. 0. a. [expedio, Lat.] To facilitate ; to free from impediment. Milton. To hasten ; to quicken. Swift. To despatch ; to issue from a publick office. Bacon. E'XPEDITE, eks'-pe-dile. a. Quick ; hasty ; soon performed. Sandys. Easy ; disencumbered ; clear. Hooker. Nimble ; active ; agile. Tillotson. Light armed. Bacon. E'XPEDJTELY, gks'-pe-dlte-le. ad. With quick- ness ; readiness ; haste. Grew. EXPEDITION, eks-pe-dMi'-un. n. s. Haste ; speed; activity. Hooker. A march or voyage with mar- tial intentions. SJiakspeare. EXPEDI'TIOUS, gks-pe-dW-us. a. Speedy ; quick ; soon done. Shalcspeare. Nimble ; swift ; acting with celerity. EXPEDITIOUSLY, eks-pe-dlsh'-fis-le. a. Speeai- \y ; nimbly. F/XPEDITIVE* gks'-pe-de-tlv. a. Performing wun j speed. Bacon. To EXPE'LS, eks-pel'. v. a. [expello, Lat.] To drive out ; to force away. Jos. xxiii. To eject 5 to throw out. Bacon. To banish ; to drive from the placw of residence. Dryden. To reject; to refuse. Spen- ser. To keep off; to exclude. Shakspeare. EXPE'LLER, gks-pel'-lur. n. s. One that expels or drives away. EXPENCE*. See Expense. To EXPENDS, eks-pend'. v. a. [expendo, Lat.] To lay out ; to spend. Shakspeare. EXPENDITURE*, eks-pen'-de-tshure. n. s. Cost , disbursement. EXPENSES, gks-pense'. n. s. [expensum, low Lat. Costs ; charges ; money expended. Woodward. EXPE'NSEFUL, ^ks-pense'-ful. a. Costly ; expen- sive. Beaumont and Fletcher. EXPE'NSEFULLY*, eks-pense'-fftl-le. ad. In a costlv way ; at great charge. Weeve.r. EXPENSELESS, eks-pense'-les. a. Without cost. Milton. EXPE'NSPTE, £ks-pen'-siv. 428. a. Given to ex- pense; extravagant. Temple. Costly; requiring expense. Liberal ; distributive. Sprat. EXPENSIVELY, eks-pen'-slv-le. ad. With great expense. Donne. EXPE'NSIVENESS, eks-pen'-slv-nes. n. s. Addic- tion to expense; extravagance. Lowth. Costli- ness. Arbuthnot. EXPE'RIENCE §, el's-pe'-re-ense. n. c. [experientia, Lat.] Practice; frequent trial. Raleigh. Knowl- edge gained by practice. Shelton. To EXPE'RIENCE, els-pe'-re-ense. v. a. To try ; to practise. To know bv practice. Milton. EXPERIENCED, §ks-pe'-re-enst. part. a. Made skilful by experience. Locke. Wise by long prac- tice. Pope. EXPE'RIENCER, eks-pe'-re-en-sor. n. s. One who makes trials ; a practiser of experiments. Digby. EXPE'RIENT*, eks-pe'-re-ent. a. Having experi- ence. Beaumont and Fletcher. EXPERIMENTS, eks-per'-e-ment. n.s. [experi- inentum, Lat.] Trial of any thing; something done in order to discover an uncertain or unknown ef- fect. Bacon. To EXPERIMENT, eks-per'-e-ment. v. a. To try to search out by trial. Sir T. Herbert. To know by experience. Herbert. To EXPERIMENT*, Sks-per'-e-ment. v. n. To make experiment. Ray. EXPERIMENTAL, eks-per-e-men'-tal. a. Pertain- ing to experiment. Built upon experiment. Brown. Known by experiment or trial. Newton. EXPERIME'N T ALIST* £ks-per-e-men'-tal-?st. n. s. One who makes experiments. Burgess. EXPERIMENTALLY, eks-per-e-men'-taU. ad. Bv experience ; by trial. Bp. Hall. EXPERIMENTER, £ks-per'-e-men-tar. n. s. One who makes experiment. Digby. EXPERTS, eks-pert'. a. [expertus, Lat.] Skilful; addressful; intelligent. Shak. Ready; dexterous. Dryden. Skilful by practice or experience. Ba- con. To EXPERT*, eks-pert'. v. a. To experience Spenser. Ob. T. EXPERTLY, eks-pert'-le. ad. In a skilful, ready manner. Huloet. EXPERTNESS, gks-pert'-nes. n. s. Skill ; readi- ness ; dexterity. Shakspeare. EXPETIBLE*, Sks-peY-e-bl. a. [expeLMis, Lat.] To be wished for, or desired. Puller. E'XPIABLE, gks'-pe-a-bl. 405. a. Capable to be ex- piated. Bp. Hall. ToE'XPIATES,eks'-pe-ate.90. v.a. [expio, Lat.l To annul the guilt of a crime by subsequent acts of piety ; to atone for. Bacon. To avert the threats of prodigies. To make reparation for. Claren- don. EXPIATION, eks-pe-a'-shun. n. s. The act of ex- piating or atoning for any crime. Numbeis, xxr' The means by whkh we atone for crimes ; atone- ment. Milton' Practices by which the threats at' ominous prodigies were averted Hay ward ?6l EXP EXP O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mSt;— pine, pin;— EXPIATORY, gks'-p£-a-tfir-e. 512. [See Domes- tick.] a. Having the power of expiation. Hooker. EXPlLA'TlON^ks-pe-la'-shun. n. s. [expilatio, Lat.] Robbery ; the act of committing waste upon land to the loss of the heir. Cockeram. EXPIRATION, eks-pe-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of respiration which thrusts the air out of the lungs. Bacon. The last emission of breath; death. Pearson. Evaporation ; act of fuming out. How- ell. Vapour ; matter expired. Bacon. The cessa- tion of any thing to which life is figuratively as- cribed. Boyle. The conclusion of any limited time. SJiakspeare. To EXPIRES, Sk-splre'. v. n. [expiro, Lat.] To breathe out. Spenser. To exhale ; to send out in exhalations. Woodward. To close; to conclude; to bring^ to an end. Spenser. To EXP] 'RE, £k-spW. v. a. To make an emission of the breath. Walton. To die ; to breathe the last. Pope. I'o perish ; to fall ; to be destroyed. Spenser. To fly out with a blast. Dryden. To conclude ; to come to an end. SJiakspeare. EXPISCA'TION*, &s-p?s-ka/-shun. n.s. [ex and piscatio, Lat.] A fishing. CJiapman. To EXPLAIN $, eks-plane'. v. a. [explano, Lat.] To expound ; to illustrate ; to clear. Ayliffe. EXPLAINABLE, £ks-plane'-a-bl. a. Capable of being explained or interpreted. Brown. EXPLAINER, els-plane'-ur. n. s. Expositor ; in- terpreter; commentator. Milton. EXPLANA/TION, eks-pla-na/-shun. n. s. The act of explaining or interpreting. The sense given by an explainer. Swift EXPLANATORY, Sks-plan'-a-tur-e. [See Domes- tick.] a. Containing explanation. Sicift. EXPLE'TIONS* gks-ple'-shun.rc.s. [expletio, Lat.] Accomplishment. Kitlingbeck. EXPLETIVE, eks'-ple-tiv. 157. n.s. [expletivum, Lat.] Something used only to take up room. Swift. EXPLETORY*,gks'-ple-tur-e.a. Filling up; tak- ing^ up room. Brit. Crit. EXPLICABLE, gks'-ple-ka-bl. a. Explainable; possible to be explained. Hale. To EXPLICATES, Sks'-ple-kate. v. a. [explico, Lat.] To unfold ; to expand. Black-more. To ex- plain ; to clear. Bp. Taylor. EXPLICATION, eks-ple-ka'-shun. n.s. The act of opening, unfolding, or expanding. The act of explaining ; interpretation ; explanation. Hooker. The sense given by an explainer. Burnet. EXPLICATIVE, £ks'-ple-ka-tlv. a. Having a ten- dency to explain. Watts. J£jf* I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the accentuation of this word. He has placed the accent on the second syllable, with the authority of every dictionary, and of every good speaker, against him. In the first edition of this dictionary, when I supposed Mr. Sheridan's ac- centuation of this word agreeable to analogy, 1 did not recollect the verb to explicate, whence it is derived, and which, in my opinion, ought to determine its accentua- tion. — See Principles, No. 512. Dr. Johnson, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Entick, and Barclay, place the accent on the first syllable, as I have done. EXPLICATOR, els'-ple-ka-tur. n. s. An expound- er ; interpreter ; explainer. Sherwood. E XPL1CATORY*, eks'-ple-ka-tur-e. a. Explica- tive. Barroiv. EXPLFCIT§,£ks-phy-?t. a. [explicit™, Lat.] Un- folded ; plain ; clear ; not merely implied. Burnet. EXPLICIT*, eks'-plis-lt. [Lat.] A word found at the conclusion of our old books, signifying tlie end, or it isfinisJied : as we now find /?m"s. EXPLICITLY, eks-plls'-ft-le.acT Plainly; directly; not merely by inference. Gov. of the Tongue. EXPLPCITNESS*, gks-plfs'-lt-nSs. n. s. The state of being explicit. Ash. To EXPLODES, eks-plode'. v.a. [explodo, Lat.] To drive out disgracefully with some noise of con- tempt. Milton. To drive out with noise and vio- lence. Blackmort, EXPLODER, §ks-pl6'-dflr. n.s. A hisser one who drives out with open contempt. South. EXPLOIT^ £ks-pl6it'. n. s. [expletum, Lat.] A de- sign accomplished ; an achievement ; a successful attempt. Milton. To EXPLOIT, Sks-pldft'. v.a. To perform; to achieve. Camden. EXPLOITABLE*, eks-pl5h'-a-bl. a. Capable of being achieved. Cotgrave. EXPLO'ITURE*, gks-ploe'-tshure. n.s. Achieve- ment. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. To EXPLORATES, eJcs-pW-rate. v. a. To search out ; to explore. Brown. EXPLORATION, £ks-pl6-ra'-shun. n. s. Search ; examination. Brown. EXPLORA'TOR, eks-plo-ra'-tur. n.s. One who searches ; an examiner. Hallyu-ell. EXPLORATORY, eks-plor'-a-tur-e. a. Searching; examining. Wotton. D^jT In this word, as in declaratory, we may perceive the shortening power of the pre-antepenultimate accent, which, like the antepenultimate, when not followed by a diphthong, shortens every vowel but u. 511, 535. W To EXPLORES, Sks-pl6re'. 503. v.a. [exploro, Lat.] To try ; to search into ; to examine by trial. Milton. EXPLOREMENT, gks-pl6re'-ment. n. s. Search trial. Brown. EXPLOSION, gks-pl6'-zh&n. n. s. The act of driv- ing out any thing with noise and violence. Wood- ward. EXPLOSIVE, eks-plo'-sfv. 158,428. a. Driving out with noise and violence. Woochvard. EXPOLIA'TION*, eks-po-le-a'-shun. n. s. [expolia- tio, Lat.] A spoiling or wasting. Bp. Hall. To EXPORISH*, els-poF-llsh. v. a. [expolio, Lat.] To polish exquisitely. Heywood. EXPONENTS, ^ks-po'-nent. n.s. [exjwno, Lat.] Exponent of the ratio, or proportion between any two numbers or quantities, is the exponent arising when the antecedent is divided by the consequent : thus six is the exponent of the ratio which thirty hath to five. Harris. EXPONENTIAL, £ks-p6-nen'-shal. a. Exponential curves are such as partake both of the nature of algebraick and transcendental ones. Hams. To EXPORTS, eks-p6rt'. v. a. [exporto, Lat.] To carry out of a country, generally in the way of trafhek. Bacon. EXPORT, eks'-port. 492. n. s. Commodity carried out in traffick. Bp. Berkeley. EXPORTABLE*, eks- P 6rt / '-a-bl. a. Which maybe exported. EXPORTATION, eks-por-ta'-shfin. n. s. The act or practice of carrying out commodities into other countries. Swift. Simply, tlie act of carrying out. Smith. The state of being carried out. Bourne. EXPORTER, eks-por'-tur. n.s. He that carries out commodities. Locke. To EXPOSE S, £ks-p6ze / . v. a. [expono, expositum, Lat.] To lay open; to make liable. Shak. To put in the power of any thing. Dryden. To lay open ; to make bare. Dryden. To lay open to censure or ridicule. Dryden. To lay open to ex- amination. Locke. To put in danger. Clarendon. To cast out to chance. Locke. To censure ; to treat with dispraise. Addison. EXPOSER*, eks-po'-zfir. n. s. An explainer ; an in- terpreter. Cotgrave, One who lays open to con tempt or ridicule. EXPOSITION, gks-po-zrsh'-un. n. s. The situation in which any thing is placed with respect to the sun or air. Arbuthnot. Explanation ; interpreta tion. SJiakspeare. EXPOSITIVE*, eks-poz'-e-tlv. a. Explanatory ; containing exposition. Pearson. EXPOSITOR, eks-poz'-e-tur. n. s. [Lat.] Explain- er; expounder; interpreter. Locke. EXPOSITORY*, £ks-p&z'-e-tur-e. a. Explanatory. JoJmson. To EXPOSTULATES, £ks-pos'-tshu late. 463 v. n. \expostulo, Lat.] To canvass with another j 362 EXP EXT — n6, move, nor, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 611 ;— pound ;— thin, THis. to altercate ; to debate without open rupture. Shak- speare. To EXPOSTULATE*, gks-p&s'-tshu-late. v. a. To discuss ; to inquire into ; to examine. Ashelon. EXPOSTULATION, eks- P 6s-tshu-la'-shun. n. s. Debate ; altercation ; discussion of an affair with- out rupture. Spectator. Charge ; accusation. Ay- liffe. EXPOSTULATOR, gks-pdsMsha-la4fir. 521. n. s. One that debates with another without open rup- ture. EXPOSTULATORY. gks-p6s'-tshu-la-tur-e. 463, 512. a. Containing expostulation. Swift. EXPOSURE, eks-po'-zhure. n. s. The act of ex- posing or setting out to observation. The slate of being open to observation. Sliak. The state of be- ing exposed to any thing'. Sliak. The state of be- ing in danger. Sliak. Exposition ; situation. Eve- lyn. 7VEXPOTJNDS, gks-po&nd'. v. a. [expono, Lat.] To explain; to clear; to interpret. Hooker. To examine ; to lay open. Hudibras. EXPOUNDER, £ks-p6un'-dur. n. s. Explainer; in- terpreter. Hooker. To EXPRESS §, £ks-preV. v. a. [expressvs, Lat.] To copy ; to resemble ; to represent. Drijden. To represent by any of the imitative arts, as poetry, sculpture, painting. Smith. To represent in words ; to exhibit by language ; to utter ; to de- clare. Milton. To show or make known in any manner. Prior. To denote ; to designate. Numb. i. To squeeze out ; to force out by compression. Bacon. To extort by violence. B. Jonson. EXPRESS, £ks-preV. a. Copied ; resembling ; ex- actly like. Milton. Plain ; apparent ; in direct terms. Hooker. Clear; not dubious. Stillingjleet. On purpose ; for a particular end. Atterburtj. EXPRESS, eks-preV. n. s. A messenger sent on purpose. Clarendon. A message sent. K. Cliarles. A declaration in plain terms. Norris. A represen- tation by sculpture. Gregory. EXPRESSIBLE, Sks-preV-se-bl. a. That may be uttered or declared. Woodward. That may be drawn by squeezing or expression. EXPRESSION, gks-prgsh'-un. n. s. The act or power of representing any thing. Holder. The form or mode of language in which any thoughts are uttered. Buckingham. A phrase ; a mode of speech. Mason. The act of squeezing or forcing out any thing by a press. Bacon. EXPRESSIVE, £ks-preV-s?v. a. Having the power of utterance or representation. Tickell. EXPRESSIVELY, eks-pres'-slv-le. ad. In a clear and representative way. EXPRESSIVENESS, eks-preV-siv-ngs. n. s. The power of expression or representation by words. Addison. EXPRESSLY, £ks-presMe. ad. In direct terms; plainly; not by implication. Hooker. EXPRESSNESS*, eks-preV-n^s. n. s. The power of expression. Hammond. EXPRESSURE, eks-presh'-ure. 452. n.s. Expres- sion ; utterance. Sliak. The form ; the likeness represented. Sliak. The mark; the impression. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To E'XPROBRATE §, eks-pr6'-brate. v. a. [expro- bro, Lat.] To charge upon with reproach; to impute openly with blame ; to upbraid. Brown. EXPROBRATION, gks-pro-bra'-shttn. n. s. Re- proachful accusation. Hooker. E'XPROBRATIVE*, gks'-pr6-bra-t?v. a. Reproach- ing ; upbraiding. Sir A. Sherley. To EXPROPRIATES, gks-pr6'-pre-ate. v. a. [ex and proprius, Lat.] To make no longer our own ; to hold no longer as a property. Boyle. EXPROPRIATION*, eks-p^-pre-a'-shun. n. s. The act of making no longer our own. W Moun- tain. To EXPU'GN §, eks-pime'. 385, 386. v. a. [cxpngno, Lat.] To conquer ; to take by assault. Fox. EXPU'GN ABLE*, eks-pug'-na-bl. a. That may j be forced, or won by force. Cotgrave. EXPLANATION, eks-pug-na'-shun. n. s. Con- quest; the act of taking bv assault. Sandys. EXPU'GNER*, gks-pu'-nfir. [See Impugner.] n. s. A forcer ; a subduer. Sherwood. To EXPU'LSE §, gks-pftlse'. v. a. [expulsus Lat] To drive out ; to expel ; to force away. Bacon. EXPU'LSER*, eks-pul'-s&r. n.s. An expeller. Cot- grave. EXPIPLSION, eks-pul'-shun. n.s. The act of ex- pelling or driving out. Stillingjleet. The state of being - driven out. Raleigh. EXPLOSIVE, eks-puF-siv. 158, 428. a. Having the power of expulsion. Wiseman. EXPU'NCTION, eks-pfingk'-shun. n.s. Abolition, the act of expunging, or effacing. Milton. To EXPU'NGE §, e^ks-punje'. v. a. [expungo, Lat.] To blot out ; to rub out. Milton. To efface ; to an- nihilate. Sandys. EXPUNGING* eks-pun'-jfng. n. s. The act of blotting out. Swift. To EXPU'RGATE §*, eks-pfir'-gate. v. a. [expurgo Lat.] To expunge; to pur^e awav. Jones. EXPURGATION, eks-p&f-ga'-shQn. n. s. The act of purging or cleansing. Wiseman. Purification from bad mixture, as of errour or falsehood. Bp. Hall. EXPU'RGATOR, eks-pur'-ga-tfir. n.s. One who corrects bv expunging. Jenkins. EXPURGATO RIOUS*, £ks-pur-ga-t6'-re-fis. a. Expunging. Milton. EXPU / RGATORY ; eks-pfir / -ga-t5r-e. a. Employed in purging away what is noxious. Brown. To EXPU'RGE*, eks-purje'. v. a. To purge away; to expunge. Milton. To EXQUTRE*, gks-kwlre'. v. a. [exqairo, Lat.] To search into ; to inquire after. Sandvs. Oh. T E'XQUISITE^, e'ks'-kwe-zft. a. \exquisitus, Lat.] Farsought ; excellent ; consummate ; complete. Hooker. Consummately bad. King Charles. Very sensiblvfelt. Chcyne. Curious; searching into. Milt. EXQUISITELY, gks'-kwe-zn-le. ad. Perfectly; completely. Bacon. E'XQUISITENESS, eks -kwe-zlt-nes. n.s. Nicety; perfection. Bp. Halt. EXQUISITIVE*, e^ks-kwfz'-e-tlv. a. Curious. EXQUT S1TIVELY*, eks-kwlz'-e-tiv-le. ad. Curi- ously ; minutely. Sidney. To EXSCFND*, eks-slnd'. v. a. [exscindo. Lat.] To cut off. Johnson. To EXSCRFBE $*,eks-skrlbe'. v. a. [exscribo, Lat.] To cqpv ; to write out. B. Jonson. E'XSCRIPT, gk'-skrlpt. n. s. [exscriptum, Lat.] A copy. EXSFCCANT, £k-snV-kant. a. Drying; having the power to dry up. Wiseman. To EXSPCCATE $. ek-sik'-kate. [See Exiccate.] v.a. [exsicco, Lat.] To dry. Brown. EXSICCATION, ek-s?k-ka/-shun. n. s. The act of drying. Brown. EXSFCCATIVE, gk-sik'-ka-tlv. a. Having the power of drying. Cotgrave. EXSPUITION, gk-spu-ish'-fin. n. s. [expuo, Lat.] A discharge of saliva by spitting. Quincu. EXSU'CTION, ek-sfik'-shfin. n.s. [exugo, Lat.] The act of sucking out. Boyle. EXSUDATION, ek-su-da'-shfin. n. s. [exudo, Lat.] A sweating out ; an extillation. Dcrliam. EXSUFFLATION§, ek-suf-fla'-shun. n. s. \ex and sufflo, Lat.] A blast working underneath. Bacon A kind of exorcism. Fulke. EXSU'FFLICATE*. See Exsuffolate. EXSUTFOLATE, ek-«uf-fo-l&te. a. [exsuffiare, low Lat.] Contemptible ; despicable. Shakspeare. To EXSUSCITATE §, gk-sus'-se-tate. v a. [exsus- cito, Lat.] To rouse up ; to stir up. Dwt. EXSUSC1TATION*, ek-sfis-se-ta'-shun. n.s. A stirring up ; an awakening. Hallywell. E'XTANCE*, ek'-stanse. n. s. Outward existence. Brown. E'XTANCY, £k'-stan-se. n.s. The state ot rising above the rest. Parts rising up above the rest Boyle. 363 EXT EXT ftT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ;— E'XTANT§, eV-stant. a. [actons, Lat.] Standing out to view ; standing above the rest. Kay. Pub- lick ; not suppressed. JS. Jonson. EXTA'TICAL, ^k-stat'-e-kal. ) a. [kerranitds.] EXTA'TICK, Sk-stat'-lk. 509. \ Tending to some- thing external. Norris. Rapturous. Bentleu. E'XTASYS*. See Ecstasy. To E'XTASY*, Sk'-sta-si. v. a. To overcome with joy. Beaumont and Fktclier. EXTE'MPORAL, eks-tem'-po-ral. a. Uttered with- out premeditation ; quick 5 ready ; sudden. Hooker. Speaking without premeditation. B. Jonson. EXTE MPORALLY, ^ks-tem'-po-ral-e. ad. Quick- ly ; without premeditation. Shakspeare. EXTEMPORANEAN* eks-tem-p6-ra''-:ie-an. a. Unpremeditated. Burton. EXTEMPORANEOUS, eks-tem- P 6-ra / -ne-us. a. Unpremeditated; sudden. Warburton. EXTEMPORARY, els-tem'-po-rar-e. a. Uttered or performed without premeditation ; sudden 5 quick. More. Occasional ; for the time. Hammond. EXTEMPORE §, eks-tgm / -p6-re. ad. [ex tempore, Lat.] Without premeditation ; suddenly ; readily. South. EXTE'MPORINESS, elcs-tem'-po-re-nSs. n.s. The faculty of speaking or acting without premeditation. To EXTEMPORIZE, fe-tem'-po-rlze. v. n. To speak extempore, or without premeditation. South. 7toEXTE / Np§,gks-t&iraisej to magnify; to laud; to celebrate. Psalm xviii. EXTO'LLER, ^ks-tolMur. n.s. Apraiser; a mag- nifier. Bacon. EXTORSIVE, Sks-tor'-sfv. 158,428. a. Having the quality of drawing by violent means. EXTORSIVE LY, eks-tor'-slv-le. ad. In an extorsive manner ; by violence. To EXTORT §, Sks-tdrt'. v. a. [extorqueo, extortas, Lat.] To draw by force ; to force away ; to wrest ; to wring from one. Skakspeare. To gain by vio- lence or oppression. Spenser. To EXTORT, eks-tort'. v. n. To sion and violence. Spenser. EXTORT*, Sks-tdrt'. part. For extorted. Spenser. EXTORTER, eks-t6r'-tur. 98. n.s. One who prac- tises oppression or extortion. Camden. EXTORTION, gks-tSr'-shim. n. s. The act or prac- tice of gaining by violence and rapacity. Davies. Force by which any thing is unjustly taken away. Davies. EXTORTIONER, gks-tSr'-shfin-ur. n. s. One who practises extortion. Camden. EXTORTIOUS*, eks-tSr'-shus. a. Oppressive; violent; unjust. Bp. Hall. E 1 XT It A** e'ks'-tra. [Lat.] A word often used in composition, meaning over and above, extraordina- ry; as, extra-work, extra-pay, &c. ; or beyond, as extrajudicial, extramundane, &c. To EXTRACT §, eks-trakt / . v. a. [extraho, extrac- tum, Lat.] To draw out of something. Bacon. To draw by chymical operation. Phillips. To take from something. Milton. To draw out of any con- taining body or cavity. Burnet. To select and ab- stract from a larger treatise. Swift. EXTRACT, eks'-trakt. 492. n.s. The substance extracted; the chief parts drawn from any thing. Boyle. The chief heads drawn from a book; an abstract ; an epitome. Camden. Extraction ; de- scent. South. EXTRACTION, gks-trak'-shun. n. s. The act of drawing one part out of a compound. Bacon. De- rivation from an original ; lineage ; descent. Clarendon. EXTRACTIVE*, iks-trak'-tfv. a. Capable of be- ing extracted. Kirwan. EXTRACTOR, eks-trak'-tur. n. s. [Lat.] That by which any thing is extracted. EXTRADLCTIONARY, gks-tra-dk'-shun-a-re. a. [extra and dictio, Lat.] Not consisting in words, but realities. Brown. EXTRAJUDICIAL, ^ks-tra-ju-dlsh'-al. a. [extra and judicium, Lat.] Out of the regular course of legal procedure. Ayliife. EXTRAJUDICIALLY, ^ks-tra-j.Vdlsh'-al-e. ad. In a manner different from the ordinary course of legal procedure. Ayliife. EXTR AMISSION, eks-tra-mlsh'-un. n. s. [extra and milto, Lat.] The act of emitting outwards. Broum. EXTRAMU'NDANE, gks-tra-imV-dane. a. [extra and mundus, Lat.] Beyond the verge of tie ma- terial world. Glanville. EXTRA NEOUS, eks-tra/-ne-us. a. [extranevs, Lat.] Not belonging" to any thing ; foreign ; of different substance ; not intrinsick. Locke. EXTRAORDIN ARIES*, £ks-tr6r'-de-nar- !z. n. s. See Extraordinary. EXTRAORDINARILY, Sks-trcV-de-nar-e-le. 374. ad. In a manner out of the common method and order. Hooker. Uncommonly ; particularly ; emi- nently ; remarkably. Howell. EXTRAORDINARPNESS^s-trSr'-de-nar-e-ne's. n. s. Uncommonness ; eminence ; remarkableness. Government of the Tongue. EXTRAORDINARY §, Sks-trSr'-de-nar-e. a. [ex- traordinarius, Lat.] Different from common order and method ; not ordinary. Hooker. Differing from the common course of law. Clarendon. Eminent ; remarkable ; more than common. Sidney. #Cf' There is a vulgar pronunciation of this word, which sinks the a, d, an.l i, and reduces the word to four sylla bios, as if written extrawnary. There is a better pro- nunciation, which preserves the d, as if written extrord- nary ; but solemn speaking certainly demands the res- toration of the i, and requires the word to be heard witl» five syllables. 374. W. EXTRAORDINARY*, eks-tr&r'-de-nar-e. n. s. Any thing which exceeds ordinary method or com- putation. Uncommon, in the singular number. Spenser. EXTRAORDINARY, e^ks-trSr'-de-nar-e. ad. Ex traordinarily. Addison. EXTRAPAROCHIAL,e1cs-trd-par-6'-ke-al. a. [ex- tra and parochia, Lat.] Not comprehended withifc any parish. Coivel. EXTRAPROVINCIAL, £ks-tra-pr6-vm'-sbal. a. [extra and provincia, Lat.] Not within the same province. Ayliffe. EXTRARE'GULAR, eks-tra-reg'-u-lar. a. [extra and recrula, Lat.] Not comprehended within a rule. Bp. TauJor. EXTRA'UGHT, eks-trawt'. part. Extracted. Shak. EXTRAVAGANCE, eks-trav'-a-ganse. ) n. s. Ex- EXTRAYAGANCY, £ks-trav'-a-gan-se. \ cursioa or sally beyond prescribed limits. Hammond. Ir- regularity ; wildness. Bp. Taylor. Outrage; vio- lence ; outrageous vehemence. Tillotson. Unnat- ural tumour; bombast. Di-yden. Waste; vain and superfluous expense. Arbuthnot. EXTRAVAGANT §, gks-trav'-a-gant. a. [extrava- gans, Lat.] Wandering out of his bounds. Shak. Roving beyond just limits or prescribed methods. Dryden. Not comprehended in any thing. Irreg- ular ; wild. B. Jonson. Wasteful ; prodigal ; vainly expensive. Addison. EXTRAVAGANT, Sks-trav'-a-gant. n. s. A stroll- er ; a vagabond. Nobody and Somebody. One who is confined in no general rule or definition. Glanville. See Extravagants. EXTRAVAGANTLY, eks-trav'-a-gant-le. ad. la an extravagant manner ; wildly. Dryden. In aa unreasonable degree. Pope. Expensively; luxu- riously; wastefullv. EXTRAVAGANTNESS, e^s-trav'-a-gant-ris. n. s. Excess ; excursion beyond limits. EXTRA VAGANTS*, gks-trav'-a-gants. n. s. A part of the canon law, containing various papal constitutions not included in the body of the canoa law. — The singular number of this word is some- times used. Bale. To EXTRA VA GATE, eks-trav'-a-gate. v. n. To wander out of limits. War-burton. EXTRAVAGA'TION*, eks-trav-a-ga'-sh&n. n. s. Excess. Smollet. EXTRAVASATED §, ^ks-trav'-va-sa-teU a. [extra and vasa, Lat.] Forced out of the proper contain ing vessels. Arbuthnot. EXTRAVASATION, gks-tra-va-sa'-shfin. n.s. The act of forcing, or state of being forced, out of the proper containing vessels. Arbuthnot. EXTRAVF/NATE, eks-trav'-e-nate. a. [extra and vena, Lat J Let out of the veins. Glanville. EXTRAVERSION, eks-tra-veV-shun. n. s. [extra and versio, Lat.] The act of throwing out ; the state of being thrown out. Boyle. EXTRE'AT*, gks-treet'. n. s [extraiet, old Fr.] Ex traction. Spenser. Ob. T. EXTRE'ME §, ^ks-treme'. a. [eodremus, Lat.] Great est ; of the highest degree. Deut. xxviii. "Utmost Shak. Last ; that beyond which there is nothing Dryden. Pressing in the utmost degree. Hooker. Rigorous ; strict. Psalms in Common Prayer. EXTRE'ME, eks-treme 7 . n. s. Utmost point ; high- est degree of any thing. Milton. Points at the greatest distance from each other ; extremity. Ba- con. Extravagance of conduct. Sliakspeare EXTREMELY, eks-treme'-le. ad. In the utmosi degree. Sidney. Very much ; greatly. Sicift. EXTREMITY'. eks-treW-e-te. n. s. The utmosi 365 EXU EYE O* 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, met ; — pine, p'm ;- point ; the highest degree. Hooker. The utmost parts ; the parts most remote from the middle. Brown. The points in the utmost degree of oppo- sition. Denliam. Remotest parts ; parts at the, greatest distance. Arbuilvtiot. Violence of passion. Spenser. The utmost violence, rigour, or distress. Spenser. The most aggravated state. Dry den. E'XTRICABLE*, eks'-tre-ka-bl. a. Which may be rid or avoided. Cockeram. 2^E'XTRICATE§, eks'-tre-kate. v. a. [extrico, Lat.] To disembarrass ; to set free any one in a state of perplexity ; to disentangle. Locke. EXTRICA'TION, £ks-tre-ka/-shun. n.s. The act of disentangling; disentanglement. Boyle. EXTRI'NSICALMks-trW-se-kal. a - {extrinsic™, Lat.] External ; outward ; not intimately belong- ing ; not intrinsick. Digby. EXTRFNSICALLY, eks-trin'-se-kal-e. ad. From without. Bramhodl. EXTRLNSICK, eks-trm'-sik. a. Outward; external ; not intrinsick Government of tlie Tongue. To EXTRACT §, ek-strukt'. v. a. [extruo, extruc- tum, Lat.] To build ; to raise ; to form into a struc- ture. EXTRACTION*, eks-truk'-shun. n. s. A building. Cockeram. EXTRACTIVE*, eks-truk'-tlv. a. Forming into a structure. Fulke. EXTRACTOR, Sk-slruk'-tur. n. s. A builder; a fabricator ; a contriver. To EXTR ADE $, eks-trS3d'. v. a. [extrude, Lat.] To thrust off; to drive off. Woodward. EXTRASION, eks-trSS'-zhun. n. s. The act of thrusting or driving out. Burnet. EXT ITERANCE, eks-tu'-be-ranse. n. s. A knob, or part protuberant ; parts that rise from the rest of the body. Moxon. EXTUBERANCY*, Sks-uV-be-ran-se. n. s. Any protuberance. Gregory. EXTUBERANT§*, eks-trV-be-rant. a. [extuberans. Lai.] Swelling. Archceolog. vol. xii. To EXTUBERATE*, eks-uV-be-rate. v. n. [extu- bero, Lat.] To swell like the sea. Cockeram. EXTUME'SCENCE*, eks-tshu-mes'-sense. n.s. [ex- tumesco, Lat.] A swelling ; a rising up. Cotgrave. EXUBERANCE, egz-vV-be-ranse. n.s. Overgrowth; superfluous shoots ; useless abundance ; luxuriance. Decay of Piety. EXUBERANCY*, egz-u'-be-ran-se. n.s. Abun- dance; great plenty; fruitfulness. Stilling fleet. EXUBERANT ^gz-tV-be-rant. 479. a. [exuberans, Lat.] Growing with superfluous shoots; overabun- dant; superfluously plenteous; luxuriant. Thomson. Abounding in the utmost degree. Boyle. EXUBERANTLY, egz-vV-be-rant-le. ad. Abun- dantly ; to a superfluous degree. Woodward. To EXUBERATE, egz-u'-be-rate. v. n. [exubero, Lat.] To bear in great abundance. Boyle. EXACCOUS,ek-suk'-kus. a. [exsuecus, Lat.] With- out juice; dry. Brown. £2rThig word, and the three following, with exuperable, exuperance, and exuscitate, by servilely following an erroneous Latin orthography, are liable to an improper pronunciation. — See Exiccatb. TV. EXUDA'TION, ek'-su-da/-shun. n. s. The act of emitting in sweat. Wiseman. The matter issuing out by sweat from any body. Bacon. To EXADATE§, gk-siV-date. ) v. n. [exudo, Lat.] To EXUBE §, ek-sude'. \ To sweat out ; to issue out by sweat. Brown. To EXUBATE, ek-sii'-date. ) v. a. To force out, or To EXADE, ek-sude'. \ throw out, as by sweat. ToEXUBCERATE$, egz-fil'-se-rate. v. a. [exul- cero, Lat.] To make sore with an ulcer ; to affect with a running or eating sore. Bacon. To afflict ; to corrode ; to enrage. Bp. Reynolds. To EXALCERATE*, egz-ul'-se-rate. v. n. To be- come ulcerous. Bacon. EXALCERATE*, egz-t\l'-se-rate. a. Wounded; vexed ; enraged. Bacon. EXULCERA'TION, egz-ul-se-ra'-shun. n. s. Th« beginning erosion, which wears away the sub- stance, and forms an ulcer. Quincy. Exacerba- tion ; corrosion. Hooker. EXALCERATORY, egz-ul'-se-ra-tur-e. 512. *. Causing ulcers. Huloet. To EXALT §, egz-ult'. v. n. [exulto, Lat.] To re- joice above measure ; to triumph. Hooker. EXALT ANCE, egz-uK-tanse. n. s. Transport; joy , triumph. Government of the Tongue. EXALTANCY* egz-ul'-tan-se. n.s. Gladness; transport; triumph. Hammond. EXALT ANT*, egz-ul'-tant. a. Rejoicing ; triumph- ing. More. EXULTATION, eks-ul-ta'-shun. n. s. Joy ; tn umph ; rapturous delight. Hooker. ToEXANDATE^egz-fin'-date.u.n. [exundo,L ea, which signifies a water, river; or from EE, S iea£, a field. Gibson. EY'AS, I'-as. n. s. [niais, Fr.] A young hawk just taken from the nest. Shakspeare. EY'AS*, I'-as. Unfledged. Spenser. EYAS-MUSKET, I'-as-mus-ket. n. s. [mouchet, Fr.] A young unfledged hawk, of the kind called spar- row-hawk, the smallest of the species. Shakspeare. EYE§, 1. 8. n. s. [eag, Sax.] The organ of vision. Bacon. Sight; ocular knowledge. Gal. iii. Look; countenance. Shak. Front; face. Shak. A pos- ture of direct opposition, where one thing is in the same line with another. Dryden. Aspect ; regard. Hooker. Notice ; observation ; watch. Sidney. Opinion formed by observation. Sidney. Sight ; view. Shakspeare. Any thing formed like an eye. Newton. Any small perforation. South. A small catch into which a hook goes. Boyle. Bud of a ?lanl. Evelyn. A small shade of colour. Shak, ower of perception. Deuteronomy. EYE*, 1. n. s. A brood ; as, an eye of pheasants. To EYE, \. v. a. To watch ; to keep in view ; to ob- serve. Spenser. To watch maliciously. 1 Sam. xviii. To EYE, 1. v. n. To appear ; to show ; to bear an appearance. Sluxkspeare. Ob. J. EYBBALL, l'-bawl. n. s. [eye and ball.] The apple of the eye ; the pupil. Sluxkspeare. EYBBEAM*, I'-beem. n. s. [eye and beam.] A beam or glance from the eye. Shakspeare. EYBBRIGHT, I'-brhe. n. s. A plant. Drayton. EYEBRI GHTENING*, l-brl / -tn-?ng. a. Clearing the sight. Milton. EYBBROW, i'-brdu. n.s. [eye and brow.] The hairy arch over the eye. Ray. EYBD, I'-ed, or ide. a. Having eyes. Spenser. EYBDROP, i'-drop. n.s. [eye and drop.] Tear. Shakspeare. EYBR*, I'-ur. n. s. One who looks on anotner with attention. Gayton. 366 EYE EYR — n6, move, n3r, not 3 — tube, tub, bull 3 — 6il 3 — pound ; — thm, this. EY'EGLANCE, I'-glanse. n. s. [eye and glance.] Quick notice of the eye. Spenser. EY'EGLASS, i'-glas. n. s. Glass to assist the sight. Newton. EYEGLU'TTING*, l-glut'-ting. a. [eye and glut.] Feasting the eye to satiety. Spenser. EY'ELASH, I'-lash. n. s. The line of hair that edges the eyelid. EY'ELESS, \'-\h. a. Wanting eyes 5 sightless 3 de- prived of sight. Shakspeare. EY'ELET, I'-reL n. s. [oeilkt, Fr.] A hole through which light may enter ; any small perforation for a lace to go through. Wiseman. EY'ELIAD*, l'-le-ad. n.s. [oeilla.de, Fi\] An eye- glance 3 an eyebeam. Shakspeare. EY'ELID, I'-lid. n. s. [eye and lid.] The membrane that shuts over the eye. Bacon. EYEOFFE'NDING*, 1-of-feiidMng. a. That hurts or offends the eye. Shakspeare. EY'OT* i'-ut. n. s. A little island. Blackstone. EYEPLE'ASING*, l-ple'-zlng. a. Gratifying the sight. Sir J. Davies. EYBSALVE*, I'-salv. [See Salve.] n. s. Oint- ment for the eyes. Revelation, iii. EYESEBVANT, I'-ser-vant. n. s. A servant that works only while watched. EYESEBV1CE, I'-ser-vfs. n. s. Service performed only under inspection. Col. iii. EYBSHOT, I'-shSt. n. s. [eye and shot.] Sight i fiance; view. Dryden. BS1GHT, I'-slte. n.s. Sight of the eye. 2 Sam- uel, xxii. EY ESORE, l'-s6re. n. s. [eye and sore.' 1 Something offensive to the sight. Hooker. EYESPO'TTED, i'-sp&t-ed. a. Marked with spots like eyes. Spenser. EY'ESTRIJNG, i'-strmg. n. s. The string of the eye 3 the tendon by which the eye is moved. Shak- speare. EY'ETOOTH, V-Mth. n. s. The tooth on the uppei jaw next on each side to the grinders 3 the tang. Ray. EY'EWINK, I'-wfngk. n. s. A wink, as a hint c* token. Shakspeare. EYEWITNESS, I'-wft-nes. n. s. An ocular evi deuce 3 one who gives testimony to facts seen witb his own eyes. 2 Peter, i. EYRE§, are. 269. n s. [eye, Fr.] The court of jus tices itinerant. Cornel. EY BY, a'-re. 269. n. s. [ey, Teut. an egg.] The place where birds of prey build their nests and hatch. Milion. FAB FAC FHas, in English, an invariable sound, formed by compression of the whole lips, and a forci- ble breath. FA*, fa. [In musick.] One of the notes or syllables, invented by Guido Aretine, to mark the fourth sound of the modern scale of musick. Slmkspeare. FABA'CEOUS, fa-ba'-she-us. 357. a. [fabaceus, Lat.] Having the nature of a bean. Diet. FABLER fa'-bl. 405. n. s. [fabula, Lat.] A feigned story intended to enforce some moral precept. Ad- dison. A fiction in general. Dryden. A vicious or foolish fiction. 1 Tim. iv. The series or con- texture of events which constitute a poem. Dryden. A lie ; a vicious falsehood. Addison. To FABLE, fa'-bl. v. n. To feign ; to write not truth but fiction. Prior. To tell falsehoods 3 to lie. Shale. To FABLE, fa'-bl. v. a. To feign 3 to tell falsely. Milton. FABLED, fiV-bld. 359. a. Celebrated in fables. Tickell. FABLER, fa'-bl-ur. n.s. A dealer in fiction 5 a wri- ter of feigned stories. Bp. Hall. To FABRICATE §, fab'-re-kate. v. a. [fabricor, Lat.] To build 5 to construct. Burke. To forge 3 to devise falsely. FABRICATION, fab-re-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of building 3 construction. Hale. FABRICATOR*, fab'-re-ka-tfir. n. s. One who builds, constructs, or frames. Howell. FABRICK, fab'-rik, or fa'-brik. n.s. [fabrica, Lat.] A building ; an edifice. Wotton. Any system or compages of matter. Prior. §£*" The a in this word seems floating between long and short quantity, as it was in the Latin fabrica, I have, like Mr. Sheridan, made it short ; for, though Latin words of two syllables, when adopted into English, al- ways have the accent on the first, and the vowel gener- ally long, as basis, focus, quota, &c. ; yet, when words of three syllables in Latin, with but one consonant in the middle, are anglicised by reducing them to two syl- lables ; as the penultimate in such Latin words is gen- erally short, and the accent of consequence antepenulti- mate, so the first vowel in the English word is generally short, from the shortening power of the antepenultimate accent in our pronunciation of the Latin word from which it is derived. Thus the Latin mimicus, reduced to the English mimick, has the first vowel short, though long in Latin, because we make it short in our pronun- ciation of Latin : the same may be observed of the words florid, vivid, and livid, from the Latin floridus, vividus, and lividus. Thus, though fabrica might have the first vowel long in Latin, yet, as we always pronounce it short in the English pronunciation of that language, so, when it is reduced to the English fabrick, it seems agreeable to this usage to make the first syllable short. Authority seems, likewise, to favour this pronunciation; for Mr. Sheridan. Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and, as far as we can judge by the position of the accent, Bailey, are for the a short ; and Buchan- an, W. Johnston, and, if we can guess by accent, Dr. Ash and Entick, for the long a. — See Principles, No. 544. W. To FA'BRICK, fab'-rik. v. a. To build 3 to form 3 to construct. Milton. FABRILE* fab'-ril. a. [fabrilis, Lat.] Of stone or timber 3 belonging to the craft of a smith, mason, or carpenter. Colgrare. FABULIST, fab'-i'i-llst. n. s. [fabidiste, Fr.] A writer of fables. B. Jonson. FABULOSITY, fab-u-los'-e-te. n.s. Fulness of feigned stories. Abbot. FABULOUS, fab'-u-l5s. a. Feigned 3 full of fables, invented tales. Addison. FABULOUSLY, fab'-u-lus-le. ad. In fiction. Bur- ton. FABULOUSNESS*, fab'-u-lus-nes. n. s. Invention of fables. Stilling feel. FABURDEN*, f ab'-ur-den. n. s. [fauxbourdon, Fr ] [in musick.] Simple counterpoint. Bale. FACADE*, fa-sad', or fa-sade'. n.s. [Fr.] Front. Warton, FACE §, fa.se. n. s. [face, Fr. from fades, Lat.] The visage. Exod. xxxiv. Countenance; cast of the features. Dryden. The surface of any thing. Gen. ii. The front or forepart of any thing. Ezelc, xli. Visible state of affairs. Milion. Appearance, resemblance. B. Jonson. Presence 3 sight Numb. xix. Confidence ; boldness. Shak. Drslortion of the face. Shakspeare. FACE to Face. [An adverbial expression.] When both parties are present. Acts, xxv. Nakedly without the interposition of other bodies. 1 Cor. xiii To FACE, fa.se. v. n. To cany a false appearance. Spenser. To turn the face; to come in front. Dryden. To FACE, fase. v. a. To meet in front 5 to oppose with confidence and firmness. Dryden. To oppose with impudence. Shak. To stand opposite to. Addison. To cover with an additional superficies. Addison. To turn up a garment with facings of a different colour. Shakspeare. FA'CECLOTH*. fase'-klotfi. n.s. A linen cloth placed over the face of a dead person. Brand, 367 FAC FAI O 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat 5— me, m8t ;— pine, p?n ;- FA'CED*,faste. a. Denoting the sort of countenance : as, p\ump-faced. Sjxmser. FA'CELESS, fase'-les. a. Being without a face. Bailey. FACEPA'INTER, fase'-pane-t&r. n.s. A drawer of portraits. FACEPATNTING, fase'-pane-tlng. n. s. The art of drawing portraits. Dry den. FA'CET, fas'-it. n. s. [facette, Fr.] A small surface ; a superficies cut into several angles. Baton. FACETE §*, fa-sete'. a. [faceius, Lat.] Gay ; cheer- ful ; witty. Burton. FACETELY* fa-sete'-le. ad. Wittily; merrily. Burton. FACE TENESS*, fa-sete'-nes. n.s. Wit; pleasant representation. Hales. FACETIOUS $, fa-se'-shfis. 292. a. [facetieux, Fr.] Gay ; cheerful ; lively ; witty. Government of the Tongue. FACETIOUSLY, fa-se'-shus-le. ad. Gayly; cheer- fully; wittilv; merrily. FACETIOUSNESS, fa-se'-rhus-ne's. n. s. Cheer- ful wit ; mirth ; gayety. Barrow. FA ; CILE§, fas'-sll. 140. a. [facilis, Lat.] Easy; not difficult; performable or attainable with little la- bour. Milton. Easily surmountable; easily con- querable. Milton. Easy of access, or converse ; not haughty; not supercilious; not austere. B. Jonson. Pliant; flexible; easily persuaded. Mil- ton. FA'CILELY* fas'-sll-le. ad. Easily. Ld. Herbert. FA'CILENESS*, fas'-su-nes. n. s. Easiness to be persuaded. Beamnont. To FACILITATE, fa-sn'-e-tate. v. a. [faciliter, Fr.] To make ea-v; to free from difficulty. Bacon. FACILITATION*, fa-sll-e-ta'-shun. n s. Making easy ; freeing from impediments. Johnson. FACFLITY, fa-sll'-e-te. n. s. Easiness to be per- formed; freedom from difficulty. Sidney. Readi- ness in performing ; dexterity. Dryden. Vicious ductility; easiness to be persuaded; ready com- pliance. Bacon. Easiness of access; affability. South. JACINETJOUS. See Facinorous. fA'CING, falsing, n.s. An ornamental covering. Wotton. Simply, a covering. Warion. FACFNOROUS §, fa-sV-6-rSs. [See Sonorous.] a. [f acinus, facinoi-us, Lat.] Wicked ; atrocious ; detestably bad. Shakspeare. FACI'NOROUSNESS, fa-sfn'-o-rfis-nSs. n.s. Wick- edness in a high degree. FACSPMILE*, fak-sim-'-e-le. n. s. [Lat.] An exact copy. Pownall. FACT, fakt. n. s. [factum, Lat.] A thing done; an effect produced. Hooker. Reality ; not supposition. Smalridge. Action; deed. Dryden. FACTION^, fak'-shfin. n.s. [f actio, Lat.] A party in a state. Shakspeare. Tumult; discord; dis- sension. 1 Cor. iii. ^A'CTIONARY, fak'-sh&n-ar-e. n.s. A party man. Shakspeare. FA'CTIONER*, fak'-shun-ur. n.s. One of a fac- tion. Bishop Bancroft. FA'CTIONIST*, fak'-shfin-lst. n.s. One who pro- motes faction or discord. Mountagu. FA'CTIOUS, fak'-shus. 292. a. [factieux, Fr.] Giv- en to faction ; loud and violent in a party ; publick- ly dissensious. Sliak. Proceeding from publick dissensions. Milton. JA/CTIOUSLY, f ak'-sh&s-le. ad. In a manner crim- inally dissensious or tumultuous. King Charles. FA'CTIQUSNESS, fak'-shus-nes. n.s. Inclination to publick dissension. Puller. FACTITIOUS, fak-tlsh'-us. a. [factitius, Lat.] Made by art, in opposition to what is made by na- ture. Boijk. FA'CTIVE*, f ak'-tlv. a. Having the power to make. Bacon. FACTORS, fak'-t&r. 166. n.s. [factor, Lat.] An agent for another; one who transacts business for another. Shakspeare. [In arithmetick.] The mul- tiplicator and multiplicand. Harris. FACTORAGE*, fak'-tur-aje. n.s. Commission fo? agency in purchasing goods. FACTORSHIP*, fak'-tur-shfp. n.s. A factory. Slierwood. FA'CTORY, fak'-tfir-e. 557. n. s. A house or dis- trict inhabited by traders in a distant country. The traders imbodied in one place. A place where any thing is made. Brown. FACTOTUM, fak-to'-tum. n. s. [fac totum, Lat.] A servant employed alike in all kinds of business B. Jonson. FA'CTURE, fak'-tshure. 463. n. s. [Fr.] The act FA or manner of making any thing. Bacon. (VCULTY, fak'-fil-te. n.s. [faadtas, Lat. _ The power of doing any thing; ability. Hooker. Tow ers of the mind, imagination, reason, memory Milton. Mechanical power. Wilkins. [In physick.1 A power or abilit}' to perform any action, natural, vital, and animal. Quincy. A knack; habitual excellence ; dexterity. Clarendon. Quality per- sonal ; disposition or habit of good or ill. Shak Natural virtue ; efficacy. Milton. Power; authori- ty. Shak. Privilege; right to do any thing. Hooker. Faculty, in a university, denotes the masters and professors of the several sciences. FACU'ND §, f ak'-ftnd. 544. a. [facundus, Lat.] Elo- quent. Chaucer. $Cf* Dr. Johnson has placed the accent on the last sy ,a ble both of this word and jocund; in which he is con- sistent, but contrary both to custom and to English; analogy. Mr. Sheridan places the accent on the first syllable of jocund, and on the last of tnis word. The reasons are the same for accenting both ; they both come from the Latin facundus and jocundus ; and there is scarcely a more invariable rule in oar language, than that of removing the accent higher when we adopt a word from the Latin, and abridge it of its latter sylla- bles. — See Academy. W. FACU'NDITY*, fa-kun'-de-te. Eloquence. Cocke- ram. To FA'DDLE, fad'-dl. 405. v. n. To trifle ; to toy ; to play. FADE*, fade. a. Weak; slight ; faint. Bp. Berkeley. To FADE §, fade. 75. v. n. [vado, Lat.] To disap- pear instantaneously. Spenser. To tend from greater to less vigour; to grow weak ; to languish. South. To tend from a brighter to a weaker col- our. Boyle. To wither as a vegetable. Isaiah, i To die away gradually ; to vanish. Locke. To be naturally not durable ; to be transient. Isaiah, xxviii. To FADE, fade. v. a. To wear away ; to reduce to languor ; to deprive of vigour. Shakspeare. To FADGE, fadje. v.n. [^epe^an, Sax.] To suit; to fit ; to have one part consistent with another. Shak. To agree ; to live in amity. Milton. To succeed ; to hit. Milton. FA'DING*, fa'-dlng. n. s. Decay ; weakness. Sher- wood. FA'DINGNESS*, fa'-dlng-nes. n. s. Decay ; prone- ness to fade. W. Mountagu. FA'DY*, fa/-de. a. Wearing away. Shenstone. FiE'CAL*, fe'-kal. a. Denoting excrements. F^E'CES, ftV-sez. 99. n.s. [Lat.] Excrements; set tlings after distillation and infusion. Quinc/y. To FA'FFLE*, faf-fl. v. n. To stammer. Barret. To FAG §, fag. v. n. [fatigo, Lat.] To grow weary , to faint with weariness. Mackenzie. To FAG*, fag. v. a. To beat. FAG*, fag. n.s. A slave; one who works hard. Brand. FAG §*, fag. n. s. A knot or excrescency in cloth. FAGE'ND, fag-end', n. s. [from fag and end.] The end of a web of cloth. The refuse or meaner pan of any thing. Howell. FAGOT§, fag'-fit. 88,166. n.s. [fagod, Welsh.] A bundle of sticks bound together for the fire. Fairfax. A bundle of sticks for any purpose. Ad- dison. A soldier numbered in the muster roll, bin not really existing. Addison,. To FA'GOT, fag'-ut. v. a. To tie up ; to bundle to- gether. Dryden. To FAILS, fale. 202. v. n. [faillir, Fr.] To be defi- cient : to cease from former plenty ; to fall short. 368 FAI PAL — no, m6ve n8r, not j — tftbe tub, bull ;- -611 ;- -pofind; — thin, THis. Job, xiv. To be extinct ; to cease ; to be no long- er produced. Psalm xii. To cease ; to perish ; to be lost. Milton. To die 5 to lose life. Shale. To sink ; to be borne down. Isaiah, lvii. To decay ; to decline ; to languish. Milton. To miss ; not to produce its effect Bacon. To miss ; not to succeed m a design. Slia/c. To be deficient in duty. Milton. To FAIL, fale. v. a. To desert ; not to continue to assist or supply; to disappoint. Sidney. Not to assist ; to neglect. Davies. To omit ; not to per- form. Dryden. To be wanting to. 1 Kings, ii. To deceive ; to cheat. Spenser. FAIL, fale. n.s. Miscarriage; miss; unsuccessful- ness. Omission ; non-performance. Sliak. Defi- cience; want. Shak. Death; extinction. Shak. FA'ILANCE*, fa'-lanse. n. s. Omission ; fault. Decay of Christian Piety. FAILING, fa'-llng. n. s. Decay. Deut. xxviii. De- ficiency; imperfection; lapse. Digby. FAILURE, fale'-yure. 113. n.s. [trom /ail.] De- ficience ; cessation. Woodward. Omission ; non- performance ; slip. South. A lapse; a slight fault. FAIN§, fane. 202. a. [pse^man, Sax.] Glad; mer- ry ; cheerful ; fond. Spenser. Forced ; obliged ; compelled. Hooker. FAIN, fane. ad. Gladly; very desirously. Shak. To FAIN, lane. v.n. To wish; to desire fondly. Spenser. To FAINT §,fant. 202. v.n. [pyni£ean, Sax.] To decay; to wear or waste away quickly. Pope. To lose the animal functions; to sink motionless and senseless. Judith. To grow feeble. Ecclus. xliii. To sink into dejection. Milton. To FAINT, fant. v. a. To deject ; to depress ; to en- feeble. SlwJcspeare. Little used. FAINT, fant. a. Languid ; weak ; feeble. Temple. Not bright ; not vivid ; not striking. Newton. Not loud ; not piercing. Boyle. Feeble of body. Ram- bler. Cowardly ; timorous. Dryden. Dejected ; depressed. Heb. xii. Not vigorous ; not active. Davies. FAINTHEA'RTED, fant-hart'-ed. a. [faint and heart.] Cowardlv ; timorous. Isaiah, vii. FAINTHExVRTEDLY, fant-hart'-ed-le. ad. Timo- rously. Sherwood. FAINTHEARTEDNESS, fant-hart'-ed-nes. n. s, Cowardice ; timorousness. Arnway. FAINTING, fant'-lng. n. s. Deliquium ; temporary loss of animal motion. Wiseman. F-VINTISH*, fanlMsh. a. Beginning to grow faint. FATNTISHNESS^antMsh-nes. n. s. Weakness in a slight degree; incipient debility. Arbuthnot. F A'TNTLING, fant'-llcg. a. Timorous ; feeble-mind- ed. Arbuthnot. FAINTLY, fant'-le. ad. Feebly ; languidly. Walsh. Not in bright colours. Pope. Without force of re- presentation. Watts. Without strength of body. Dryden. Not vigorously ; not actively. Shak. Timorously ; with dejection. Spenser. FATNTNESS, fant'-ne's. n. s. Languor; feebleness; want of strength. Esdr.xv. Inactivity; want of vigour. Spenser. Timorousness; dejection. Levit. xxvi. FA'INTY, fant'-e. a. Weak; feeble; languid; de- bilitated. Dryden. FAIR §, fare. 202. a. [pa^ep, Sax.] Beautiful ; ele- gant of feature ; handsome. Spenser. Not black ; not brown ; white in the complexion. Shak. Pleas- ing to the eye. Sidney. Clear ; pure. Bacon. Not cloudy ; not foul ; not tempestuous. Shak. Fa- vourable ; prosperous. Prior. Likely to succeed. Sliuk. Equal ; just. Clarendon. Not affected by any insidious or unlawful methods; not foul. Temple. Not practising any fraudulent or insidi- ous arts. Pope. Open ; direct. Dryden. Gentle ; mild ; not compulsory. Spenser. Mild ; not severe. Milton. Pleasing ; civil. Shak. Equitable ; not injurious. Milton. Commodious ; easy. Shak. Liberal ; not narrow. Carew. FAIR, fare. ad. Gently ; decently ; without violence. Locke. Civilly; complaisantly. Dryden. Happi- ly ; successfully. Sliak. On good terms. Collier. FAIR, fare. n.s. A beauty 5 elliptically, a fairwtr man. Dryden. Honesty ; just dealing. Arbuthnot Fairness, applied to things. Marston. Fairness, applied to persons. Shakspeare. FAIR §, fare. n. s. [fere, old Fr.] An annual or stated meeting ©f buyers and sellers. Ezek. xxvii. FA IRING, fare'-lng. n.s. A present given at a fatf. Shakspeare. FA'IRISH* fare'-Mi. a. Reasonably fair. Cotgrave FA'IRLY, fareMe. ad. Beautifully; commodiously J conveniently. Micah, i. Honestly ; justly ; with- out shift. Bacon. Ingenuously ; plainly ; openly. Pope. Candidly ; without sinistrous interpreta- tions. Dryden. Without violence to right reason Dryden. Without blots. Sliak. Completely ; without any deficience. Spenser. Softly ; gently. Milton. FATRNESS, fare'-nes. n.s. Beauty; elegance of form. Sidney. Honesty ; candour ; ingenuity Atterbury. Clearness; not foulness. Barrel. FAIRSPO'KEN, fare'-sp6-kn. 103. a. Bland and civil in language and address. Hooker. FA'IRY §, fa'-re. n. s. [faerie, old Fr.] A kind of fabled beings supposed to appear in meadows, and reward cleanliness in houses ; an elf; a fay. Shaft . Enchantress. Shakspeare. FAIRY, fa'-re. a. Given by fairies. Dryden Be- longing to fairies. Shakspeare. FA'IRYLIKE*, fa'-re-like. a. Imitating the practice of fai r i es . Sh akspeare. FATRYSTONE, fa'-re-stine. n. s. A stone found in gravel pits. FA'ISIBLE*. See Feasible. FAITH §, fkth. n.s. [pae^S, Sax.] Belief of the re- vealed truths of religion. Hooker. The system of revealed truths held by the Christian church. Acts, xxiv. Trust in God. Swift. Tenet held. Shak. Trust in the honesty or veracity of another. 1 t- delily; unshaken adherence. Milton. Honour; social confidence. Dryden. Sincerity; honesty; veracity. Sliak. Promise given. Shakspeare. FAITH*, fkth. ad. A colloquial expression, meaning in truth, verily, on my faith. Beaumont and Flticher FATTHBREACH, fkth'-hrhsh. n.s. Breach of fi- delity ; disloyalty ; perfidy. Shakspeare. FA'IT'HED, fkth'-kl a. Honest ; sincere. Shak. FAITHFUL, fkth'-fu\. a. Firm in adherence to the truth of religion. Eph. i. Of true fidelity ; loyal : true to the allegiance or duty professed. Milton. Honest; upright; without fraud. Numb. xii. Ob- servant of compact or promise. Dryden. True ; worthy of belief. 2 Timothy. FATTHFULLY, faf/i'-ful-le. ad. With firm belief in religion. 2 Chron. xix. With full confidence in God. Jerem. xxiii. With strict adherence to duty. Shak. Without failure of performance. Dryden. Sincerely; with strong promises. Bacon. Honest- ly; without fraud. South. Confidently; steadily. Shakspeare. FAITHFULNESS, fa^'-ful-nes. n. s. Honesty ; veracity. Psalm v. Adherence to duty ; loyalty, Dryden. FA'ITHLESS, fkth'-lh. a. Without belief in the re- vealed truths of religion; unconverted. Hooker. Perfidious ; disloyal ; not true to duty. Shakspeare. FAITHLESSNESS, fatfi'-les-nes. n.s. Treachery ; perfidy. Donne. Unbelief as to revealed religion. FA'ITOUR, fa'-toor. n. s. [faitour, Norm. Fr.] A scoundrel; a rascal; a mean fellow. Spenser. Ob. J. FAKE, fake. n.s. A coil of rope. Harris. FA'KIR*. See Faquir. FALCA'DE, fal-kade'. 84. n. s. [fahejakis, Lat.] A horse is said to make falcades when he throws himself upon his haunches two or three times, as in very quick curvets. Farrier's Diet. FA y LCATED§, fal'-ka-ted. 84. a. [/o/coftw, Lat.] Hooked ; bent like a reaping hook. Harris. FALCA'TION, fal-ka'-shun. 84. n.s. Crookedness-, form like that of a reaper's hook. Brown. FA'LCHION, fal'-shun. 84. n. s. [/auction, Fr.] A short, crooked sword ; a cimeter. Sluxkspeare. FAL FAL ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, mel ,— pine, pin 5— Perry.} b'A'LCONS, faw'-kn. 84, 170. [fall'-kn n. s. [faulcon, Fr.] A. hawk trained for sport ney. A sort of cannon. Harris. FA'LCONER, faw'-kn-fir. 98. n.s. [faulconnier , Fr.] One who breeds and trains hawks. Shale. FALCONET, f aK-ko-net. n. s. [fcdconeUe, Fr.] A sort of ordnance. Kno/ies. FA'LCONRY*, faw'-kn-re. n. s. The art of breed- ing and training hawks. Sir T. Brown. FA'LDAGE §, fal'-dldje. n.s. [faldagium, barbarous Lat.]^ A privilege of setting up folds for sheep, in any fields within the manor. Harris. FA'LDFEE, fald'-fe. n. s. A composition paid an- ciently by tenants for the privilege of faldage. Diet. FOLDING, fal'-dlng. n. s. [pealb, Sax.] A kind of coarse cloth. Chaucer. FA'LDSTOOMald'-stool. n. s. [faudesteuil, old Fr.] A kind of stool placed at the south side of the altar, at which the kings of England kneel at their cor- onation 3 the chair of a bishop, enclosed within the rails of the altar j an arm-chair ; a folding chair. Ashmole. To FALL §, fall. v. n. pret. I fell, compound pret. JT liave fallen, or fain, [peallan, Sax.] To drop from a higher place. Deut. To drop from an erect to a prone posture. 1 Sam. xxviii. To drop; to be held no longer. Acts, xii. To move down any de- scent. Burnet. To drop ripe from the tree. Isaiah, xxxiv. To pass at the outlet : as a river. Arbuth- not. To be determined to some particular direc- tion. Chetjne. To apostatize; to depart from faith or goodness. Heb. iv. To die by violence. Psabri xci. To come to a sudden end. Davies. To be degraded from a high station. SJiak. To decline from mv^r or empire. Addison. To enter inlo aay state worse than the former. Bacon. To come into any state of weakness, terrour, or misery. Hammond. To decrease ; to be diminished. Ar- buthnot. To decrease ; to shrink ; to fall away. Sliak. To ebb ; to grow shallow. To decrease in value ; to bear less price. Locke. To sink ; not to amount to the full. Bacon. To be rejected ; to become null. Locke. To decline from violence to calmness. Shak. To enter into any new state of the body or mind. Shak. To sink into an air of discontent or dejection of the. look. Judith. To sink below something in comparison. Waller. To hap- pen ; to befall. Hooker. To come by chance ; to light on. Sluxk. To come in a stated method. Holder. To come unexpectedly. Boyle. To be- gin any thing with ardour and vehemence. Sidney. to handle or treat directly. Addison. To come vindictively. 1 Chron. To come by any mis- chance to any new possessor. Knolles. To drop or pass by carelessness or imprudence. Pope. To come forcibly and irresistibly. Acts, xix. To become the property of any one Dy lot, chance, or other- wise. Spenser. To languish; to grow faint. Ad- dison. To be born; to be yeaned. Mortimer. — To fall aboard. To begin eagerly to eat. Parrot. To fall away. To grow lean. Arbuthnot. To revolt ; to change allegiance. 2 Kings. To apos- tatize. St. Luke. To perish ; to be lost. Dryden. To decline gradually; to fade; to languish. Ad- dison. To fall back. To fail of a promise or purpose. Bp. Taylor. To l'ecede ; to give way. To fall down. To prostrate himself in adora- tion. Psalm lxxii. To sink; not to stand. Esth.xv. To bend as a suppliant. Is. xlv. To fall from. To revolt ; to depart from adherence. Shak. To fall in. To concur; to coincide. Woodward. To comply; to yield to. Spectator. A military term. To form in ranks. To fall into. To yield to. Atterbury. To fall off. To separate ; to be broken. Shak. To perish ; to die away. Felton. To apostatize ; to revolt. Sluxk. To fall on. To begin eagerly to do any thing. Dryden. To make ) an assault. Shak. To fall over. To revolt ; to desert from one side to the other. Slmk. To fall ! ; out. To quarrel ; to jar. Sidney. To happen ; to befall. Sidney. To fall to. To begin eagerly to eat. Dryden. To apply himself to. Sidney To submit himself to; to go over to. Jerem. xxi. To fall under. To be subject to. Bacon. To be ranged with. Addison. To fall upon. To attack ; to invade. Knolles. To attempt. Holder To rush against. Addison. To FALL, fall. v. a. To drop; to let fall. Shak. To sink ; to depress. Bacon. To diminish ; to let sink. Locke. ^ To yean ; to bring forth. Shakspeare. FALL, fall. n. s. The act of dropping from on high Dryden. The act of tumbling from an erect pos- ture. Shak. The violence suffered in dropping from on high. Bacon. Death; overthrow; de^ struction incurred. Shak. Ruin ; dissolution. Den- luim. Downfal ; loss of greatness ; declension from eminence ; degradation. Sidney. Declension of greatness, power, or dominion. Hooker. Diminu- tion ; decrease of value. Child. Decimation or diminution of sound ; cadence ; close of musick. Shak. Declivity ; steep descent. Bacon. Cata- ract ; cascade. Shak. The outlet of a current into any other water. Addison. Autumn ; the fall of the leaf. Dryden. Any thing that comes down in great quantities. H Estrange. The act of felling or cutting down. A part of the female dress, in former times; a kind of veil. B. Jonson. FALLACIOUS §, fal-UV-shus. 314. a. [fallaciosus, Lat.J Producing mistake; sophistical. South. De- ceitful ; mocking expectation. Milton. FALLACIOUSLY, fdl-la'-shus-le. ad. Sophistical- ly ; with purpose to deceive. Brown. FALLACIOUSNESS, fal-la'-shfis-nes. n. s. Ten- dency to deceive ; inconclusiveness. FALLACY, fal'-la-se. n. s. [fallacia, Lat.] Sophism ; logical artifice ; deceitful argument. Sidney. FA'LLAX*, fal'-laks. n. s. [Lat.] Cavillation. Abp. Cranmer. FA'LLENCY*, fal'-len-se. n.s. [fallens, Lat.] Mis- take; errour. Hayward. FA'LLER*, fall'-fir. n. s. One who falls. FALLIBILITY, fal-le-blK-e-te. n. s. Liableness to be deceived ; uncertainty. Watts. FA'LLIBLE §, falMe-bl. 405. a. [fallo, Lat.] Lia- ble to errour ; such as may be deceived. Bp. Tay- lor. FA'LLIBLY*, fal'-le-ble. ad. In a fallible manner. Hidoet. FAILING, fa.y-mig. o n \n. s. Indenting, op- FA'LLING in, fal'-llng-ln. ) posed to prominence. Addison. That which falls. Dryden. FA'LLING away*, n. s. Defection; apostasy. 2 Tlwss. FA'LLING down*, n. s. Prostration. 2 Mace. FA'LLING off*, n.s. Declension from virtue to vice, Shakspeare. FA'LLINGSICKNESS, fal-llng-slk'-nes. n.s. The epilepsv. Walton. FALLOTIAN*, fal-lo'-pe-an. a. Belonging to two ducts, arising from the womb, usually called tubes. FALLOWS, fal'-lo. a. fpalepe, Sax.] Pale red, or pale yellow. Shak. Unsowed; left to rest after the years of tillage. Hayward. Ploughed, but not sowed. Howell. Unploughed ; uncultivated. Sliak. Unoccupied ; neglected. Hudibi-as. FA'LLO W , f alMo. 327. n. s. Ground ploughed in or- der to be ploughed again. Mortimer. Ground lying at rest. Kowe. To FA'LLOW, fal'-l6. v. n. To plough, in order to a second ploughing. To fade; to grow yellow. Old Norman- Saxon Poem. FA'LLOW-FINCH*, fal'-lo-fmsh.rc.s. The cenanthe or wheat -ear. FALLOWING*, fal'46-lng. «•*• The act of plough- ing, in order to a second ploughing. Mortimer. FA'LLOWNESS, falM6-nes. n. s. Barrenness ; an exemption from bearing fruit. Donne. FA'LSARY*, fal'-sa-re. n.s. A falsifier of evidence. Sheldon. FALSE §, false, a. [falsus, Lat.] Not morally true ; expressing that which is not thought. Shak. Not physically true ; conceiving that which does not e*dst. Davies. Succedaneous ; supposititious. Ba 370 FAM FAN -n6, mOve, nSr, not ; — tube, tub, bull.; — 6il ; — pound ; — thin, THi cent. Deceiving expectation. Spenser. Not agreea- ble to rule, or propriety. Shak. Not honest ; not just. SJia/c. Treacherous 3 perfidious; traitorous. Bacon. Counterfeit 3 hypocritical ; not real. Vry- den. FALSE, false, ad. Not truly ; falsely. Shakspeare. To FALSE, false, v. a. [falser, Fr.] To violate by failure of veracity. Spenser. To deceive. Spenser. To defeat ; to balk ; to evade. Spenser. Ob. J. FA'LSEFACED*, false'-faste. a. Hypocritical 3 de- ceitful. Sl}akspeare. FA'LSEHEART* false'-hart. a. Perfidious. Shak. FALSEHEARTED, false-hart'-eU a. Treacher- ous ; perfidious 3 deceitful. Bacon. FALSEHE ARTEDNESS*, f alse-hart'-gd-ngs. n. s. Perfidiousness 3 deceitfulness. Stilling fleet. FA'LSEHOOD, false'-lmd. n. s. Want of truth 3 want of veracity. Milton. Want of honesty ; treach- ery. Milton. A lie; a false assertion. Job, xxi. Counterfeit 3 imposture. Milton. {ry= This word, by the parsimony of printers, is often spelt without the e. They may allege, that spelling the word with c makes it liable to be pronounced in three sylla- bles, by those who do not know the composition of the word ; and it may be answered, that spelling it without the e makes it liable to a mispronunciation, by joining the s and h together. If, therefore, the composition must be understood before the word can be pronounced with security, let it, at least, be presented to the eye, and the chance of a mistake will be less. — See House- hold and Hogshead. W. FALSELY, false'-le. ad. Contrary to truth 5 not truly. Government of tlie Tongue. Erroneously 5 by mistake. Smalridge. Perfidiously 3 treacher- ously ; deceitfully. Shakspeare. FA'LSENESS, false'-nes. n. s. Contrariety to truth. Shak. Want of veracity 3 violation of promise. Tillotson. Duplicity ; deceit. Hammond. Treach- ery 5 perfidy; traitorousness. Shakspeare. FA'LSER, fals'-ur. 11. s. A deceiver. Spenser. Ob. J. FALSE' TTO*, fal-set / -t6. [Ital.] A musical term; a feigned voice. Burke. FALSIFIABLE, fal'-se-fl-a-bl. 183. a. Liable to be counterfeited or corrupted. Cotgrave. FALSIFICATION, fal-se-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of counterfeiting any thing, so as to make it appear what it is not. Hooker. Confutation. Broome. FALSIFICATOR*, fal'-se-fe-ka-tur. n. s. A falsi- fier. Bv. Morton. FALSIFIER, fal'-se-fl-ur. n. s. One that counter- feits ; one that makes any thing to seem what it is not. Ascham. A liar. V Estrange. To FA'LSIFY, fal'-se-fl. v. a. [falsifier, Fr.] To counterfeit; to forge Hooker. To confute; to prove false. Addison. To violate 3 to break by falsehood. Sidney. To pierce 3 to run through. Dryden. To FALSIFY, fal'-se-fl. 183. v. n. To tell lies. South. FALSITY, fal'-se-te. n. s. [falsitds, Lat.] False- hood 5 contrariety to truth. Hooker. A lie; an errour. Milton. To FALTER §, fal'-tur. r.n. [vaulttur, Icelandick.] To hesitate in the utterance of w r ords. Spenser. To fail in any act of the body. Wiseman. To fail in any act of the understanding. Locke. To FASTER, fal'-tur. v. a. To sift ; to cleanse. Mortimer. A provincial word. FA'LTERING*, fal'-tur-fng. n. s. Feebleness; de- ficiencv. Kil/ingbeck. FALTERING LY, fal'-rfir-mg-le. ad. With hesita- tion ; with difficulty ; with feebleness. To FAMBLE, fam'-bl. v. n. [famber, Danish.] To hesitate in the speech. Skinner. FAME§, fame. n. s. [fama, Lat.] Celebrity; re- nown. 1 Chron. Report ; rumour. Jos. ix. To FAME*, fame. v. a. To make famous. B. Jon- son. To report. Sir G. Buck. FA'MED, famd. 359. part . a. Renowned ; celebrated ; much talked of. Shakspeare. FA'MELESS, fame'-lfo. a. Without renown. Beau- mont and Fletcher. FAMI'LIAR J, fa-mll'-yar. 113. a. [familians, Lat.] Domestick ; relating to a family. Pope. Affable ; easy in conversation. Shak. Unceremonious; fret. Sidney. Well known. Hooker. Well acquainted with; accustomed. Locke. Common; frequent. Locke. Easy ; unconstrained. Addison. Too near- ly acquainted. Camden. Often applied, in the Bible, to spirits. Isaiah, xxix. FAMFLIAR, fa-mu'-yar. n. s. An intimate; one long acquainted. Rogers. A demon supposed to attend at call. Shakspeare. FAMILIARITY, fa-mll-ye-ar'-e-te. n. s. Easiness of conversation ; affability. Acquaintance; habi- tude. Atterbury. Easy intercourse. Pope. To FAMFLIARIZE, fa-mil' -yar-ize. v. a. To make familiar ; to make easy by habitude. Butler. To bring down from a stale of distant superiority. Addison. FAMFLIARLY, f a-m?l'-yar-le. ad. Unceremonious- ly; with freedom. Bacon. Commonly; frequent- ly. Raleigh. Easily ; without formality. Pope. FA'MILISM*, fam'-e-\hm.n. s. [from family.] The tenets of a deluded sect called the Family of Love, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. Bp. Hall. FA'MILIST*, f am'-e-list. n. s. One of the sect called the Family of Love. Pagitt. A master of a family. Osborn. FAMILLE, fa-meel'. [enfamilh, Fr.] In a family way; domestically. Swift. $5= This word is perfect French, and is never used with out en before it. " Deluded mortals, whom the great " Choose for companions tete-a-tete ; " Who at tboir dinners en famille, " Get leave to sit whene'er you will." — Swift. W. FA'MILY, fam'-e-le. n. s. [familia, Lat.] Those who live in the same house ; household. Swift. Those that descend from one common progenitor; a race ; a geneiation. Numb. iii. A course of de- scent ; a genealogy. Pope. A class ; a tribe. A species. Bacon. FA'MINE, fam'-m. 140. n. s. [famine, Fr.] Scarcity of food; dearth. Hale. To FA'MISH§, fam'-lsh. v. a. [fames, Lat.] To kill with hunger; to starve. Shak. To kill by depri- vation or denial of any thing necessary to life. Milton. To FAMISH, fam'-fsh. v. n. To die of hunger; to suffer extreme hunger. Shakspeare. FAMISHMENT, fam'-lsh-ment. n. s. Want of food- Hakewill. FAMO'SITY, fa-mos'-e-te. n. s. Renown. Diet. FAMOUS §, fa'-mus. 314. a. [famosus, Lat/j Re- nowned ; celebrated ; much talked of. Shak. Some- times, notorious. Tillotson. FAMOUSED*,fa'-must. a. Renowned 3 much talked of. Shakspeare. FAMOUSLY, fa'-mfis-le. ad. With great renown ; with great celebration. Shakspeare. Notoriously. Nash. FAMOUSNESS, nV-mus-nes. n. s. Celebrity ; great fame. Boyle. To FAMULATE*, fam'-u-late. v. n. [famulor, Lat.] To serve. Cockeram. FAN §, fan. n. s. [vannus, Lat.] An instrument used by ladies to move the air and cool themselves. Shak. Any thing spread out like a woman's fan. L' Estrange. The instrument by which the chaff is blown away when corn is winnowed. Isaiah, xxx. Any thing by which the air is moved. Dryden. An instrument to raise the fire. Hooker. To FAN, fan. v. a. To cool or recreate with a fan. Spectator. To ventilate ; to affect by air put in motion. Shak. To separate, as by winnowing. Bacon. FANATICAL §*, fa-nat'-e-kal. a. [fanaticus, Lat.] Enthusiastick ; wild ; mad. Bp. Lavington. FANATICALLY*, f a-nat'-e-kal-le. ad. In a wild enthusiastick way. Burke. FANATICALNESS*. fa-nat'-e-kal-nes. n. s. Re- ligious frenzy. Wilkins. 371 FAN FAR O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin ;— FANA'TICISM, f a-rlt'-e-sfzm. n. s. Enthusiasm 5 religious frenzy. Rogers. FANA'TICK, fa-nat'-fk. 509. a. Enthusiastick 3 struck with a superstitious frenzy. Milton. FANA'TICK, f a-nat'-fk. n. s. An enthusiast 5 a man mad with wild notions of religion. Decay of Piety. * * FANCIFUL §, fan'-se-ful. a. [fancy and full.-] Im- aginative; rather guided by imagination than reason. Woodward. Dictated by the imagination, not the reason; full of wild images. Hayward. FA'NCIFULLY, f an'-se-f ul-e. ad. According to the wildness of imagination. Mare. FA'NCIFULNESS, f an'-se-ful-nes. n. s. Addiction to the pleasures of imagination. Hale. FA'NCY$, fan'-se. n. s. [(pavracia.] Imagination; the power by which the mind forms to itself images and representations of things, or persons. Milton. An opinion bred rather by the imagination than the reason. Hooker. Taste; idea; conception of things. Addison. Image ; conception ; thought. Slum. Inclination ; liking ; fondness. Collier. Love. Shak. Caprice ; humour ; whim. Dryden. False notion. Bacon. Something that pleases or enter- tains without real use or value. Mortimer. To FA'NCY, fan'-se. v. n. To imagine ; to believe without being able to prove. Locke. To FA'NCY, fan'-se. v. a. To portray in the mind ; to imagine. Dryden. To like ; to be pleased with. Raleigh. FA'NCYFRAMED*, fan'-se-fram'd. a. Created by fancy. Crashaw. FA'NCYFREE*, fan'-se-fre. a. Free from the power of love. Sliakspeare. FA'NCYMONGER, fan'-se-mung-gur. n.s. One who deals in tricks of imagination. Shakspeare. FA'NCYSICK, fan'-se-sik. a. One whose distemper is in his own mind. Shakspeare. FAND, for found. Spenser. FANDA'NGO* fan-dang'-g6. n. s. [Spanish.] A kind of very lively dance. Swinburne. FANE, fane. n.s. [fane, Fr. ; fanum, Lat.] A tem- ple ; a place consecrated to religion. Shakspeare. FA / NFARE*,f&n'-fkre.n.s. [Fr.] A sounding of trumpets, or a coming into the lists with sound of trumpets. Appendix to Mus. Diet. FAWFARON, fau-farbn'. [fan'-fa-r6n, Sheridan; f an'-fa-run, Perry. ~\ [See Encore.] n. s. [Fr.] A bully ; a hector. Dryden. A blusterer ; a boaster of more than he can perform. V Estrange. FANFARONADE, fan-far-6-nade'. n.s. A bluster; a tumour of fictitious dignity. Swift. To FANG §, fang. v. a. [pan£en, Sax.] To seize; to gripe ; to clutch. Sliakspeare. FANG, fang. n. s. The long tusks of a boar or other animal by which the prey is seized. Bacon. The nails ; the talons. Any shoot or other thing by which hold is taken. Evelyn. FA'NGED, fangd. 359. a. Furnished with fangs or long teeth ; furnished with any instruments in imi- tation of fangs. Sliakspeare. FA'NGLE §, fang'-gl. 405. n. s. [penman, Sax.] Silly attempt ; trifling scheme. Greene. FA'NGLED, fang'-gl'd. 359. a. Gaudy ; ridiculous- ly showy . Newfangled is new fashioned. Ascham. FA'NGLESS, fang'-les. a. Toothless; without teeth. Shakspeare. FA'NGOT, fan'-g&t. n. s. A quantity of wares, as raw silk, &c. containing from one or two hundred weight three quarters. Did. FA'NNEL, fdn'-nel. n. s. [fanon, Fr.] A sort of or- nament like a scarf, worn about the left arm of a mass-priest when he officiates. Diet. FA'NNER, fan'-n&r. n. s. One that plays a fan. Jer. li. A winnower of corn. Barret. FAWNING*, fan'-nlng. n. s. Ventilation. Coventry. FA'NON*, fan'-on. n. s. [Fr.] A sort of ornament, worn about the arm of a mass-priest. Bale. A ban- ner. Cotgrave. FA;NTASIED, fan'-ta-sld. 283. a. Filled with fan- cies or wild imaginations. Sliakspeare. FA'NTASM, fau'-tazm. See Phantasm. FANTASTICAL §, fan-tas'-le-kal. ) a. Irrational j FANTA'STICK §, fan-tas'-tlk. 509. \ bred only in the imagination. South. Subsisting only in the fancy ; imaginary. S/iak. Unreal ; apparent only Sliak. Uncertain; unsteady; irregular. Prior. Whimsical ; fanciful ; capricious. Sidney. FANTASTICALLY, fan-tas'-te-kal-e. ad. By thft power of imagination. Capriciously ; humorou* ly. Shakspeare. Whimsically. Grew. FANTA'STICALNESS, fan-tas'-te-kal-nes. ) FANTA'STICKNESS, fan-tas'-tlk-nes. \ "• * Humorousness ; mere compliance with fancy Beaum. and Fl. Whimsicalness ; unreasonable ness. Tillotson. Caprice; unsteadiness. Howell. FANTA'STICK* fan-tas'-tlk. n. s. A fanlastick or whimsical person. Dr. Jackson. FANTA'STICKLY*, fan-tas'-tlk-le.ad. Irrationally; whimsically. B. Jonson. FA'NTASY§, fan'-ta-se. n.s. [c&avracria.] Fancy; imagination 5 the power of imagining. Shakspeare'. Idea ; image of the mind. Spenser. Humour; in- clination. Wliitgift. To FA 'NT AS Y*, fan'-ta-se. v. a. To like ; to fancy Cavendish. FA'NTOM, fan'-tum. See Phantom. FAP, fap. a. Fuddled ; drunk. Sliakspeare. FA'QUIR*,fa'-kur,orfa-keer'.72.s. [Arab.] [Writ ten also fakir and fakeer.] A kind of Manometan religious; a sort of dervis, travelling about and collecting alms. Johnson. FAR§, far. 77,78. ad. [peop, Sax.] To great extent in length. Prior. To "a great extent every way. Prior. To a great distance progressively. Shak. Remotely ; at a great distance. Sidney. To a dis- tance. Psalm ciii. In a great part. Judg. xix. In a great proportion ; by many degrees. Prov. xxxi. To a great height ; magnificently. Shak. To a certain point or degree. Hooker.— Far off. At a great distance. Milton. To a great distance. Mil- ion. — Off is joined with far, when far, noting dis- tance, is not followed by a preposition : as, I set the boat far off, I set the boat far from me. Far is used often in composition: as, far-shooting, far-seeing. FAR, far. a. Distant ; remote. St. Mark, xiii. — From far. From a remote place. Deut. xxvii. — Remoter of the two. [In horsemanship.] The right side of the horse. Dnjden. FAR, far. n. s. [from farrow.] Young pigs. Tusser. FAR- ABOUT*, far'-a-bout. n. s. A going out of the way. Fuller. FAR-FET*, far'-fgt. a. [far and fet, for fetched.] Brought from places remote. Beaum. and Fl. Stu- diously sought ; elaborately strained. Shakspeare. FAR-FETCH, far-f&sh'. n.s. [far and fetch.] A deep stratagem. Hudibras. FAR-FETCHED, far-fetsht'. 359. a. Brought from places remote. Dryden. Studiously sought ; elabo- rately strained. Watts. FAR-PIERCING, far-peer'-s?ng. a. Striking or penetrating a great way. Pope. FAR-SHOOTING, far-sho6t'-lng. a. Shooting to a great distance. Dryden. To FARCE §, farse. v. a. [farcio, Lat.] To stuff ; to fill with mingled ingredients. Chaucer. To ex- tend ; to swell out. Shakspeare. — Now To force. FARCE, farse. n.s. [farce, Fr.] A dramatick representation written without regularity, and stuffed with wild and ludicrous conceits. Dryden. FA'RCICAL, far'-se-kal. a. Belonging to a farce ; appropriated to a farce. Gay. FARCICALLY*, far'-se-kal-le. ad. In a manner suitable only to a farce. Langhorne. FA'RCING* far'-smg. n. s. Stuffing with mixed in- gredients. Carew. FARCY, f ar'-se. n. s. [farcin, Fr.] The leprosy of horses. To FARD*, fard. v. a. [farder, Fr.] To paint ; to colour. Shenstone. FARDEL $, far'-de!. n. s. [fardello, Ital.] A bun- dle ; a little pack. Sir T. Elyot. To FA'RDEL*, far'-del v. a. To make up in bun- dies. Fuller. 372 FAR FAS -n6, move, nSr, not; — lube, tub, bull;— 611; — p6und; — thin, th'is. To FARE v , fire. r.n. [pajian, Sax.] To go; to pass; to travel. Spenser. To be in any stale, good or bad. Spenser. To proceed in any train of consequences, good or bad. Hooker. To happen to any one, well or ill. Soulli. To feed ; to eat. Luke. FARE, fare. n.s. [p ape, Sax.] Journey; passage. Spenser. Price of passage in a vehicle by land or by water. Jonah. The person carried. Drum- mond. Food prepared for the table; provisions. Milton. viuvwrvrr t S fire'-weL or fare-weM'. ) ad. The * AREWELL >Jfar'-wel, or far-wel'. \ parting compliment; adieu. Shakspeare. It is sometimes used only as an expression of separation without kindness. Waller. JCr" To all these different pronunciations is this word subject. The accentuation, either on the first or last syllable, depends much on the rhythm of the sentence. — See Commodore and Commonwealth. When it is used as a substantive, without an adjective before it, the accent is generally on the first syllable ; as, " See how the morning opes her golden gates, " And takes her farewell of the glorious sun." Shakspeare. Or if the adjective follow the substantive, as, "If chance the radiant sun with farewell sweet, " Extend his ev'ning beam, the fields revive, " The birds their notes renew, and bleating herds "Attest their joy. that hill and vailey ring." Milton. But, if the adjective precede the substantive, the accent is generally placed on the last syllable ; as, " Treading the path to nobler ends, " A long farewell to love I gave." Waller. As in this grove 1 took my last farewelV Dryden. Or when it is governed by a verb, as, " I bade him fare- well,'" or, " I bade fare well to him." Whet> it is used as an adjective, the accent is always on the first syllable ; as, " A farewell sermon." But when it is used as an interjection, (for, with great deference to Dr. Johnson, I cannot think it an adverb,) the accent is either on the first or second syllable, as the rhythm of pronunciation seems to require. " Bat farewell, king ; sith thus thou wilt appear, " Freedom lives hence, and banishment is here." Shakspeare. "O queen, farewell; be still possest " Of dear remembrance, blessing still and blest." Pope. With respect to the pronunciation of a in the first sylla- ble of this word, Mr. Sheridan says, that in England the first syllable is pronounced like far, and in Ireland like fare. But, if this be really the case, the two nations Beem to have changed dialects ; for nothing can be more evident, to the most superficial observer, than the ten- dency in Ireland to pronounce the a like that in far, and in England like that in fare. Not that I think the pronunciation of the first syllable at farewell, like far, either vitious or vilgar: I am convinced many good speakers so pronounce it ; but the other pronunciation I think the more eligible, as well as more general. Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Scott pronounce it with the second sound of a, and W. Johnston and Mr. Perry with the first. W. FAREWE'LL, fare-wel'. n. 5. Leave ; act of de- parture. Sliakspeare. It is sometimes used as an adjective ; leave-taking. Spectator. FARINA'CEOUS, far-e-im'-shus. a. [farina, Lat.] Mealy ; tasting like meal. Arbuthnot. FARM §. firm. n. s. [ferme, Fr.] Ground let to a tenant; ground cultivated by another man upon condition of paying part of the profit to the owner. Hayward. The state of lands let out to the cul- ture of tenants. Spenser. To FARM, farm. v. a. To let out to tenants at a cer- tain rent. Shak. To take at a certain rate. Cam- den. To cultivate land. FA'RMABLE*, farm'-a-bl. a. That may be farm- ed. Sherwood. FA / RMER,f&r / -mfir.7i.s. [fermier, Fr.] One who cultivates hired ground. Shak. One who cultivates J round. Mortimer. One who rents any thing ; as, armer of the post-horse duties. Lord Halifax. 26 Most distant ; remotest, Distance ; remoteness. FA'RMOST, far'-most. n. Dryden. FA'RNESS, far'-ris. n. , Careio. FARRAGINOUS, far-radje'-e-n&s. a. Formed of different materials. Broiim. FARRA'GO, far-ra'-go. 77. n. s. [Lat.] A mass formed confusedly of several ingredients; a med- ley. B. Jonson. FARREA'TION*, far-re-a'-shun. n.s. [farrealio, LatJ Confarreation. Bidlokar. FA'RRIER $, far'-re-fir. n.s. [ferrarius, Lat.] A shoer of horses. Digby. One who professes the medicine of horses. Swift. To FA'RRIER, far'-re-ur. v. n. To practise phys- ick or chirurgery on horses. Mortimer. FA'RRIERY*, fV-re-ur-e. n.s. The practice of trimming the feet, and curing the diseases of horses. The farriers of modern days apply farriery merely to sfweing horses, and the more 'stately term of veterinary art to healing the sick animal. FA'RROW §, far'-ro. 327. n. s. [peeph, Sax.] A litter of pigs. Shakspeare. To FA'RROW, far'-ro. v. a. To bring forth pigs. Tusser. FA'RSANG* SeePHARSANG To FARSE*. See To Farce. FART§, fart. n. s. Wind from behind. To FART, fart. v. ru To break wind behind. FA'RTHER, far'-mer. ad. [we ought to write fur- ther and furthest, pop Sop, pupftep, Sax.] At a greater distance ; to a greater distance ; more re- motely; beyond; moreover. Dryden. FA'RTHER, f ar'-THer. 98. a. More remote. Dry- den. Longer ; tending to greater distance. Dryden. FURTHERANCE, far'-THer-anse. n. s. [more properly furtherance.'] Encouragement ; promo- tion. Ascliam. FURTHERMORE, far-THer-m6re'. ad. [more properly furthermore. J Besides ; over and above; likewise. Raleigh. To FA'RTHER, far'-THer. v.n. [more properly . To further.] To promote ; to facilitate ; to ad- vance. Dryden. FA'RTHEST, far'-THest. a. Most distant ; remotest Hooker. FA'RTHEST, faV-THgst. ad. [more properly fur- thest.] At the greatest distance. To the greatest distance. FA'RTHING, far'-TH?ng. n. s. [peopSunS, Sax.] The fourth of a penny. Cocker. Copper money. Gay. It is used sometimes in a sense hyperbolical ) as, It is not worth a farthing. Dryden. A kind of division of land. Carew. FA'RTHINGALE, far'-TH?ng-gal. n. s. A hoop ; circles of whalebone used to spread the petticoat to a wide circumference. Sliakspeare. FA'RTHINGSWORTH, far'-THmgz-wfirth. n s. As much as is sold for a farthing;. Arbuthnot. FA'SCES., fas'-sez. n. s. [Lat.] Rods anciently car- ried before the consuls as a mark of their authority. Dryden. FASCIA, fash'-e-a. 92. n.s. [Lat.] A filler , a bandage. FA'SCIATED, fash'-e-a-ted. a. Bound with fillets ; tied with a bandage. Did. FASCIA'TION, fash-e : a'-shun. 356. n. s. Bandage; the act or manner of binding diseased parts. Wise- man. To FA'SCINATE §, fas'-se-nate. v.a. [fascino, Lat.] To bewitch; to enchant; to influence in some wicked and secret manner. Bacon. FASCINA'TION, fas-se-na'-shun. n, s. The power or act of bewitching ; enchantment ; unseen, inex- plicable influence. Bacon. FA'SCINE, fas-sene'. 112. n.s. [Fr.] A fagot. Ad- dison. FA'SCINOUS, fas'-se-nus. a. \fascinum, Lat.] Caused or acting by witchcraft. Harvey. To FASH*, fash. v.. a. [fasclier, old Fr.] To vex j to tease. FA'SHION §, fash'-fin. n. s. {faqon, Fr.] Form : 373 FAS FAf IE? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pm make ; state of any thing- with regard to outward appearance. Hooker. The make or cut of clothes. Sliak. Manner ; sort ; way. Shah. Custom ope- rating upon dress or any domestick ornaments. Sliak. Custom 5 general practice. Sidney. Man- ner imitated from another; way established by precedent. Sliak. General approbation ; mode. Locke. Rank; condition above the vulgar. Ra- leigh. Any thing worn. Shak. The farcy, a dis- temper in horses. Shak. Workmanship ; the act of making a thing. Overhury. To FASHION, ttsh'-fai.v.a. [faconner, Fr.] To form ; to mould ; to figure. Sliak. To fit ; to adapt ; to accommodate. Spenser. To counterfeit. Shak. To make according to the rule prescribed by cus- tom. Locke. FA'SHIONABLE, fash'-un-a-bl. a. Approved by custom ; established by custom ; modish. Glanville. Made according to the mode. Dryden. Observant of the mode. Sliuk. Having rank above the vul- gar and below nobility. FA'SHION ABLENESS, fash'-un-a-bi-nes. n. s. Form; slate of any thing with regard to outward appearance. Bp. Hall. Modish elegance. Locke. FASHIONABLY, fash'-un-a-ble. ad. In a manner conformable to custom; with modish elegance. South. FASHIONER*, fash/-un-ur. n.s. A maker of any thing. B. Jonson.. FA'SHIONIST, fash'-un-?st. n. s. A follower of the mode ; a fop ; a coxcomb. Vict. FA'SHIONMONGER*, fash'-fin-mung'-gur. n. s. One who studies fashions. Marslon. FA'SHIONMONGERING*, fash'-un-mung'-gfir- \ng. a. Behaving like a fashionmonger. Shakspeare. To FAST §, fast. "79. v.n. [paertan, Sax.] To abstain from food. Bacon. To mortify the body by religious abstinence. St. Matt. FAST, fast, n, s. Abstinence from food. Bp Tay- lor. Religious mortification by abstinence ; reli- gious humiliation. Atterhurij. FAST, fast. a. [papfc, Sax.] Firm ; immovable. Psalm Ixv. Strong; impregnable. Spenser. Fix- ed 5 adhering. Kno/les. Deep ; sound. Sliakspeare. Firm in adherence. Ascham. Speedy; quick; swift. [ffest, Welsh.] Ezra. — Fast and loose. Uncertain; variable ; inconstant ; deceitful. Sidney/. FAST, fast. ad. Firmly ; immovably. Shak. Close- ly ; nearly. Knolles. Swiftly ; nimbly. Shak. Fre- quently. Hammond. To FASTEN, fas'-sn. 405. v. a. To make fast ; to make firm. Sidney. To hold together; to cement ; to link. Donne. To affix; to conjoin. Swift. To stamp; lo impress; to fix. Shak. To unite insepa- rably. Decay of Piety. To lay on with strength. Dry den. To FASTEN, fas'-sn. 472. v.n. To fix itself. Brown. FA'STENER, fas'-sn-Qr. n. s. One that makes fast or firm. Sherwood. FASTENING*, fas'-sn-?ng. n.s. That which fas- tens. Habak. ii. FA'STER, faster. 98. n. s. He who abstains from food Ainsworfh. FA'STHANDED, fast'-hand-ed. a. Avaricious; closehanded ; covetous. Bacon.. FASTIDIO'SITY, fas-t?d-e-6s'-e-te. n. s. Disdain- fulness ; contemptuousness. Swift. FASTFDIOUS §, fas-tld'-e-fis, or fas-tld'-je-us. 293, 294. a. [fastidiosus. Lat.] Disdainful ; squeamish ; insolently nice. Bacon. FASTFDIOUSLY, f as-tld'-e-us-le, or fas-tM'-je-us- le. 293, 294. ad. Disdainfully ; contemptuously ; squeamish. Government of the Tonsrne. FASTI/DIOUSNESS*, " fas-tld'-£-us-nes. n. s. Squeamishness ; disdainfulness. Boyle. FASTI GIATE*, fas-tfd'-je-ate. ') a. [fastigia- FASTFGIATED, fas-t?d'-je-a-ted. \ tus, Lat.] Roofed ; narrowed up to {he top. Ray. FA'STING*, fasf-fng. n.s. Religious mortification. St. Luke, ii. FASTINGDAY, fast'-fng-da. n. s. Day of mortifi- cation by religious abstinence. Bp. Taylor. FA'STLY* f ast'-le. ad. Surely. Barret. FA'STNESS, fast'-nes. n. s. State of being fast Strath. Firmness; firm adherence. Bacon. Strength security. Davies. A strong place ; a place not ea sily forced. Beaumont and Fletclier. Closeness conciseness. Ascham. FA'STUOUS, fas'-tshu-us. 464. a. [fastuosus, Lat.] Proud; haughty. Barrow. FAT $, fat. a. [pet, Sax.] Full-fed ; plump ; fleshy. Arbnthnot. Coarse; gross, [fat. Fr.] Druden. Dull. Dry den. Wealthy ; rich. Milton. FAT, fat. n. s. An oily part of the blood, deposited in the cells of the rnernbrana adiposa, from the in- numerable little vessels which are spread amongst them. Quincy. To FAT, fat. v. a. To make fat; to fatten. Abbot. To FAT, fat. v. n. To grow fat ; to grow full flesh- ed. Mortimer. FAT, fat. n. s. [pafc, Sax. Generally written vat.] A vessel in which anything is put "to ferment or be soaked. Joel, ii. FA'TAL $, fa'-tal. a. [fatalis, Lat.] Deadly; mor- tal ; destructive. Drijden. Proceeding by destiny ; inevitable ; necessary. Tillotson. Appointed by destiny. Bacon. FA'TALISM*, fa'-tal-tfzm.n.s. The doctrine that all things happen by necessity. Bp. Berkeley. One who maintains inevitable necessity FA'TALIST, fiV-tul-Hst. n.s. that all things happen by Watts. FATA'LITY, f a-tal'-e-tk n. s. [fatalite, Fr.] Pre destination ; predetermined order or seriesof things and events. South. Decree of fate. King Charles Tendency to danger. Broini. FA'TALLY, fa'-taV-le. ad. Mortally; destructively, even to death. Denham. By the decree of fate. Bent ley . FA'TALNESS, fa'-tal-nes. n.s. Invincible necessity. Sherwood. FA'TBUAINED* fat'-bran'd. a. Having a dull ap- prehension. Shakspeare. FATE§, fate. n.s. [fitum, Lat.] Destiny; an eter- nal series of successive causes. Milton. Event predetermined. Shak. Death ; destruction. Den- ham: Cause of death. FA'TEl), fa'-led. a. Decreed by fate. Drydm. De- termined in any manner by fate. Prior. Endued with any quality by fate. Dry den. Invested with the power of T£. t al determination. Shakspeare. FA'THER$, fa'-THer. 34, 76,78, 98. n. s. [pseftep, Sax.] He by whom the son or daughter is begot- ten. Locke. The first ancestor. Rom. iv. The appellation of an old man. Camden. The title of any man reverend for age, learning, and piety. Shak. One who has given original to any thing, good or bad. Gen. iv. The ecclesiastical writers of the first centuries. Stilling feet. One who acts with paternal care and tenderness. Job, xxix. The title of a popish confessor. Addison. Th? title of a senator' of old Rome. Dry den. The appellation of the first person of the adorable Trinity. Bp. Taylor.. The compellation of God as Creator. St. John, viii. FATHER-IN-LAW, fa'-THer-?n-law. n. s. The father of one's husband or wife. Addison. To FATHER, fa'-THer. v. a. To take ; to adopt as a son or daughter. Shak. To supply with a father. Shak. To adopt a composition. Swift. To ascribe to any one as his offspring, or produc- tion. Hooker. FA'THERHOOD, f a'-THer-hfld. n. s. The charac- ter or authority of a fati.er. Bp. Hall. FA'THERLESS, fa'-THer-les. a. Wanting a father ; destitute of a father. Ercod. xxii Wanting au- thority. Beaumont, and Fletcher. FA'THERLINESS, fa'-Tner-l^nes. n. s. The ten- derness of a father ; parental kindness. Sherwood. FATHERLY, fa'-THer-le. a. Paternal ; like a fa- ther ; tender ; protecting ; careful. Shakspeare. FA'THERLY, fa'-THer-le. ad. In the manner of a father. Fox. FA'THOM$, faTTi'-um. 166. n. s. [psebem, rve'fSm 374 FAU FAV -116, mdve, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pdund ; — tkm, THis. Sax.] A measure of length containing six teet; the space to which a man can extend both arms. Brown. Reach 5 penetration 5 depth of contri- vance ; compass of thought. Shakspeare. To FA'THOM, fam'-dm. v. a. To encompass with the arms extended or encircling. To reach ; to master. Dryden. To sound ; to try with respect to the depth. Felton. To penetrate into ; to find the bottom : as, I cannot fathom his design. J. Hall. FA'THOMER*, faTH'-vun-ur. n. s. One employed in fathoming. Sherwood. FA'THOMLESS, faTH'-fim-les. a. That of which no bottom can be lound. Sandys. That of which the circumference cannot be embraced. Shak. FATI'DICAL, fu-tid'-e-kal. a. [fatidicus, Lat.] Prophetick; having the power to foretell. How- ell. FATI'FEROUS, fa-tlf-fe-rfis. a. [fatifer, Lat.] Deadlv ; mortal ; destructive. Diet. FA'TlGrABLE,fat'-e-ga-bl. a. Easily wearied ; sus- ceptible of weariness. To FA'TIGATE§, fat'-e-gate. 91. v. a. [fatigo, Lat.] To weary; to fatigue. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. J. FA'TIGATE*, f at'-e-gate. a. Wearied ; worn out. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. FATIGA TION*, fat-e-ga'-shun. n. s. Weariness. W. Mountagu. FATJ'GUE§, fa-teeg'. 337. n.s. [fatigo, Lat.l Weariness ; lassitude. Armstrong. The cause of weariness ; labour ; toil. Dryden. To FATFGUE, fa-teeg'. 112/r. a. To tire ; to wea- ry ; to harass with toil. Prior. FATKI DNEYED, fat'-kld-nld. 283. a. {fat and kidney.'] Fat ; by way of reproach or contempt. Shakspeare. FA'TLING, fat'-lmg. n.s. A young animal fed fat for the slaughter. Isaiah, xi. FA'TLY*, fat'-le. ad. Grossly ; greasily. Cotgra\->e. FA'TNER, or FA'TTENER, fat'-tn-ur. n. s. That which gives fatness. Arbuthnot. FA'TNESS, fat'-nes. n.s. The quality of being fat, or plump. Fat; grease; fulness of flesh. S}ietiser. Unctuous or greasy matter. Bacon. Oleaginous- ness; shminess. Judges, ix. Fertility; truitiul- ness. Gen. xxvii. That which causes fertility. Phillips. ToFA'TTEN, fat'-tn. 405. v.a. To feed up; to make fleshy. Arbuthnot. To make fruitful. Dry- den. To feed grossly ; to increase. Dryden. To FATTEN, fat'-tn. v.n. To grow 'fat; to be pampered. Ofway. FA'TTENER*. See Fatner. FATTINESS*, fat'-le-nes. n. s. Grossness ; fulness of flesh. Sherwood. FA'TTISH* fat'-tlsh. a. Inclining to fatness. Sher- wood. FA'TTY, fat'-te. a. Unctuous; oleaginous; greasy. Bacon. FATUITY, f a-tiV-e-te. n. s. Foolishness ; weakness of mind. King Charles. #5= For the second syllable of this word, see Futurity. W. FA'TUOUS§, fatsh'-u-us. 461. a. [fatuus, Lat.] Stupid ; foolish ; feeble of mind. Donne. Impo- tent ; without force. Denham. FA^TWITTED, f at'-wit-ed. a. Heavy ; dull ; stu- pid. Shakspeare. FA'UCET, faw'-sel. n. s. [fausset, Fr.] The pipe inserted into a vessel to give vent to the liquor, and stopped up by a peg or spigot. Shakspeare. FA'UCHION, fal'-shftn. n.s. A crooked sword. Dryden. See Falchion. FAUFEL,fvLW>-m. n.s. [Fr.] The fruit of a spe- cies of the palm-tree. FAUGH*, f6h. An interjection of abhorrence. FA'ULCON. I ~ ( 'Falcon. FA'ULCONRY. \ ( Falconry. FAULTS, fait. 404. n. s. [falte, old Fr.] Offence ; slight crime ; somewhat liable to censure or objec- tion. Hooker. Defect ; want ; absence. Shakspeare. Puzzle; difficulty. Sir H. Walton. Misfortune. Shakspeare. {£p Dr. Johnson tells us. that the I in this word is some- times sounded and sometimes mute, and that, in convei sation, it is generally suppressed. To this Dr. Kcnrick adds, that it is needlessly suppressed. None of our lex- icographers have marked this letter mute hut Mr. Sher- idan. Mr. Nares says, the word is pronounced bo'h ways, and leaves it undetermined ; hut Mr. Elphinsttm decides positively against retaining the I, even in urg- ing, his reasons are, that, as the French have left out the I in their antiquated faulte, we ought to leave it out in our English word, which was derived from their an- cient one. This reasoning, however, I think, is not con- clusive. If, after deriving words from the living lan- guages, and using them for centuries, we were to alt«n* them as the parent language happens to alter, our own language would have no stability. The truth is, the French language is much more altered within the last two centuries than the English, and is greatly enfeebled by dropping its consonants. Its nasal vowels, too, have added to its weakness, by rendering both vowels and consonants less distinct. "The I in question has nothing harsh or uncommon in its sound, and, if it were mute, would desert its relation to the Latin falsitas, and form a disgraceful exception ; and, if poet3 have some- times dismissed it, to rhyme the word with thought, sought, Sec, they have as readily admitted it to rhyme with malt, salt, and assault. " Which of our thrum-capp'd ancestors found fault, " For want of sugar-tongs, or spoons for salt ?" — King. TV. To FAULT, fait. v. n. To be wrong ; to fail. E. K. on Sptvi-ser's Shep. Cal. To FAULT, fait. v. a. To charge with a fault ; to accuse. Bp. Hall. FA'ULTER, falt'-ur. n. s. An offender ; one who commits a fault. Fairfax. To FA'ULTER*. See To Falter. FAULTFINDER, fall'-flnd-ur. n.s. A censurer, an objector. Sid?iey. FA'ULTFUL*, faltMuI. a. Full of crime. Shak. FA'ULTILY, fal'-te-le. atf. Not rightly; improper- ly; defectively, erroneous!}'. Ahp. Cranmer. FA'ULTIN ESS, fal'-te-n&s. n. s. Badness ; vitious ness. Sidney. Delinquency ; actual offences Hooker. Imperfection ; defect. Edwards. FA'ULTLESS, failles, a. Exempt from fault; per- fect. Fairfax. FA'ULTLESSNESS*, fall'-les-nes. n. s. The state of being perfect. FA'ULTY, fal'-te. a. [faulty Fr.] Guilty of a fault ; blamable; criminal; not innocent. % Sam. xiy. Wrong ; erroneous. Hooker. Defective ; bad in any respect. Bacon. FAUN §*, fawn. n. s. [Faunus, Lat.] A sort of infe- riour heathen deity, pretended to inhabit the woods. Milton. FA'UNIST*, fawn'-fst. n. s. One who attends to rural disquisitions ; a naturalist. White. FA'USEN, faw'-sn. n. s. A sort of large eel. Chap- man. FA'USSEBRAYE, faws'-bra. n. s. A small mount of earth, four fathoms wide, erected on the level round the foot of the rampart. Harris. FA'UTORy, faw'-tor. 166. n. s. [Lat.] Favourer: countenance!". B. Jonson. FA'UTRESS, fawMres. n.s. [faulrix, Lat.] A wo- man that favours, or shows countenance. Chap- man. FAVFLLOUS, fa-vfl'-lfis. a. [favilla, Lat.] Consist- ing of ashes. Brown. FA'VEL*. n. s. [favele, Fr.] Deceit. Old Morality of Hycke-Scorner. Ob. T. FA'VEL*. a. [fauveau, Fr.] Yellow ; fallow ; dun Ob. T. To FA'VOUR ,$, fa'-vflr. v. a. [faveo, Lat.] To sup- port ; to regard with kindness ; to countenance. Spenser. To assist with advantages or convenien- ces. Addison. To resemble in feature. Spectator. To resemble in any respect. Shak. To conduce to ; to contribute. FA'VOUR, fa'-vflr. 314. n.s. [favor, Lat.] Kind- ness; kind regard. Shak. Support; defence vindication. Rogers. Kindness granted. Sidney, 375 FEA FEA \TT 559.— Pate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pfn;- fawn. v.n. To bring forth a fawn. Bul- Lenitv , mildness ; mitigation of punishment. Swift. Leave ; good will ; pardon. Shak. Object of fa- vour. Milton. Something given by a lady to be worn. Bacon. Any thing worn openly as a token. Snafcspeare. Feature ; countenance. Sidney. FAVOURABLE, fa'-vur-a-bl. a. Kind 5 propitious; affectionate. Shale. Palliative; tender; averse from censure. Dryden. Conducive to ; contribut- U l? to ', 1 1ev, pl e - Accommodate; convenient. Clarendon. Beautiful ,- well favoured. Spenser. FAVOURABLENESS, fa'-vfir-&-bl-n&. n.s. Kind- ness ; benignity. Bp. Taylor. FAVOURABLY, fiV-vur-a-ble. ad. Kindly; with favour. Hooker. FAVOURED, fa'-vurd. part. a. Regarded with kindness. Pope. Featured, with well, hard, ill, &c. Spenser. FA VOUREDLY, fa/-v&rd-le. ad. With well or ill, in a fair or foul way. FAVOUREDNESS*, fa'-vurd-nes. n. s. Appear- ance. Deal. xvii. FAVOURER, fa'-vur-ur. n.s. One who favours; one who regards with kindness or tenderness ; a well-wisher ; a friend. Hooker. FAVOURITE, fa'-vur-ft. 156. n. s. [favorite, Fr.] A person or thing beloved ; one regarded with fa- vour. Gray. One chosen as a companion by a superiour. Clarendon. FAVOURITE* fa'-vur-ft. a. Beloved ; regarded with favour. Addison. FAVOURITISM*, fa/-vur-?t-?zm. n. s. Exercise of power by favourites. Burke. FAVOURLESS, fa'-vfir-les. a. Unfavoured; not regarded with kindness. Unfavouring; unpropi- tieus. Speme?'. FAWN §, fawn. n. s. [faort, Fr.] A young deer. Spenser. To FAWN lotiar. To FAWN$, fawn. v.n. [pieman, Sax.] To court by frisking before one ; as a dog. Sidney. To court by any means. Spenser. To court ser- vilely. Shakspeare. FAWN, fawn. n. s. A servile cringe ; low flattery. ' Shakspeare. FAWNER, f aw'-nur. n. s. One that fawns ; one that pays servile courtship. Spectator. FA'WNING*, faw'-nlng. n. s. Gross or low flattery. Shakspeare. FA^WNINGLY, f aw'-nlng-le. ad. In a cringing, ser- vile way. South. FAOCED, faks'-ed. a. [paex, Sax.] Hairv. Camden. Ob. J. h J FAY, fa. n. s. [fee, Fr.] A fairy ; an elf. Milton. Faith, f foy, fay, Fr.] Spenser. FEABERRY, fe'-ber-re.rc.s. A gooseberry. Diet. To FE AGUE, feeg. 337. v. a. [fegen, Germ.] To whip; to chastise; to beat. Duke of Buckingham. FE AL $*, fe'-al. a. [feed, Fr.] Faithful. Chambers. Ob. T. FEALTY, fiV-al-te. n.s. [fealty, old Fr. ; feaulte, Fr.] Duty due to a superiour lord ; fidelity to a master; loyalty. Siiakspeare. g^r Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, and, if we may judge by the position of the accent, Entick, make only two syllables of this word ; Mr. Perry, Mr. Nares, and, by the position of the ac- cent, &i. Ash, three. I do not hesitate a moment to pronounce the last division the best ; not only as it is immediately derived lrom a French word of three sylla- bles, feaulti, but as this is generally its quantity in Milton and Shakspeare : " I am in parliament pledge for his truth, " And lasting fealt y to the new-made king." Shakspeare. rt Let my sovereign u Command my eidest son, nay, all my sons, " As pledges of my fealty and love." — Shakspeare. '« — Man, disobeying, " Disloyal, breaks his fealty, and. sins *' Against the high supremacy of heaven." — Milton. " Eacb bird and beast heboid to After their kinds : I bring thejn to receive " From thee their names, and pay thee fealty " With low subjection."— Milton. " Whether his first design be to withdraw " Our fealty to God, or to disturb " Conjugal love."— Milton. In these quotations from Johnson we see the first only makes fealty two syllables; and even here it may be presumed there is a poetical license exactly like that which Young uses in the Word really 1 " Why, realty, sixty-five is somewhat old." W. FEAR§, fere. 227. n.s. [faurhtan, Goth.] Dread terrour; painful apprehension of danger. Locke Awe ; dejection of mind at the presence of any person or thing. Anxiety ; solicitude. 2 Mace, xv That which causes fear. Spenser. The object of fear. Gen. xxxi. Something hung up to scare deer. Isaiah, xxiv. FEAR, fere. n. s. [poepa, Sax.] A companion Spenser. Oh. J. The true word is Fere, which see. To FEAR, fere. v. a. To dread ; to consider with apprehensions of terrour; to be afraid of. Shak. To fright ; to make afraid. Bp. Fisher. To rev- erence. Psalm exxx. To FEAR, fere. v.n. To live in terrour; to be afraid. Shakspeare. To be anxious. Dryden. FEARFUL, fere'-ful, or feV-ful. 230. [See Fierce.] a. Timorous; easily made afraid Isaiah, xxxv. Afraid. Davies. Awful ; to be rev- erenced. Exodus, -aw Terrible ; dreadful ; fright ful. Hooker. FEARFULLY, fere'-f ul-le, or feV-ful-le. ad. Tim- orously; in fear. Shak. Terribly; dreadfully. Shak. In a manner to be reverenced. Psalm exxxix FEARFULNESS, fere'-f ul-n?s, or f er'-f ul-n&. n. s. Timorousness ; habitual timidity. State of being afraid ; awe ; dread. Hooker. FEARLESS, fere'-les. a. Free from fear; intrepid; courageous ; bold ; unfeared. Spenser. FEARLESSLY, fere'-les-le. ad. Without terrour intrepidly. Decay of Piety. FEARLESSNESS, f(W-les-nes. n.s. Exemption from fear ; intrepidity. Clarendon. FEASIBILITY, fe-ze-bfl'-e-te. n.s. Practicability. A thing practicable. Brown. FEASIBLE*, fe'-ze-bl. 227. n.s. Whatever is prac ticable. Glanville. FEASIBLE §, fe'-ze-bl. a. [faisible, Fr ] Practica- ble ; that may be effected. South. FEASIBLENESS*, fe'-ze-bl-nes. n s. Practicabil- ity. Bp. Hall. FEASIBLY, fe'-ze-ble. ad. Practicably. FEAST §, feest. 227. n.s. [festum, Lat.] An enter- tainment of the table ; a sumptuous treat of great numbers. Gen. xl. An anniversary day of rejoic- ing. Shakspeare. Something delicious to the palate. Locke To FEAST speare. To FEAST, feest st. v. n. To eat sumptuously. Shak- . To entertain sumptuously« Haif ward. To delight ; to pamper. Dryden. FEASTER, feest'-ur. n. s. One that fares delirious- ly. Bp. Taylor. One that entertains magnificen - ly. Huloet FEASTFUL, feest' -ful. a. Festive ; joyful. Bale. Luxurious ; riotous. Pope. FEASTING*, ikhi'-hig.n. s. An entertainment ; a treat. Wisdom, xix. FEA'STRITE, feest'-rlte. n. s. Custom observed in entertainments. Phillips. FEAT§, fete. 227. n.s. [feat, Norm. _ Fr.] Act; deed ; action ; exploit. Spenser. A trick ; an art- ful or ludicrous performance. Bacon. FEAT, fete. a. [fait, Su. Goth.] Ready ; skilful ; in- genious. SJiak. Nice; neat. Shak. It is now only used in irony and contempt. Stillingfeet. To FEAT*, fete. v. a. To form ; to fashion. Shak. FEATEOUS, fe'-te-5s, or fe'-tshe-us. 263. a. Neat ; dexterous. Ob. J. FEATEOUSLY, fe'-te-fis-le. ad. Neatly; dexter ously. Spenser. Ob. J. 376 FEC FEE -116, move, ndr. not ; — ifibe, tub, bull ;— oil ; — pdund ;— thin, THis. FE'ATHER}, fg-TH'-ftr. 98, 234. n.s. [jreSeji, Sax.] The li ume of birds. Shak. Kind ; nature ; species. Shak. An ornament ; an empty title. Upon a horse : a sort of natural frizzling of hair. Farriers Diet. ToFE'ATHER, feTH'-ur.r.a. To dress in feathers. To fit with feathers. To tread as a cock. Dryden. To enrich 5 to adorn 5 to exalt. Bacon. — To feath- er one's nest. To get riches together. FEATHERBED,feTH -fir-bed. n. s. A bed stuffed with feathers. FE'ATHERDRIVER, feTH'-ur-drl-vfir. n. s. One who cleanses feathers by whisking them about. Derham. FEATHERED, feTH'-ur'd. 359. a. Clothed with feathers. Shak. Fiited with feathers 5 carrying feathers. Pope. Swift 5 winged like an arrow. Sandus. Smoothed, like down or feathers. Scott. FE ATHEREDGE, feTH -ur-edje. n. s. Boards or planks, that have one edge thinner than another, are called featheredge stuff. Moxon. FE ATHEREDGED, feTH'-fir-edj'd. a. Belonging to a featheredge. Mortimer. FE ATHERF£\V, feTH'-ur-tfi. n.s. A plant. Mor- timer. FE ATHERGRASS, feTH'-fir-gras. n.s. An herb. FE' ATHERLESS, feTH'-fir-les. a. Having few or no feathers. Howell. FE'ATHERLYjfeTH'-fir-le. a. Resembling feather. Brown. FE ATHERSELLER, feTH'-fir-sel-fir. n.s. One who sells feathers for beds. FE'ATHERY, feTH'-ur-e. a. Clothed with feathers. Milton. Light as a feather. Donne. FE'ATLY, fete'-le. ad. [from feat.] Neatly ; nimbly ; dexterously. Sluikspeare. FE'ATNESS, fete'-nes. n. s. Neatness ; nicety ; dex- teritv. Huloet. FE'ATOUS. See Feateous. FE'ATOUSLY. See Feateously. FE'ATURE$, fe'-tshnre. 462. n. s. [failure, old Fr.] The cast or make of the face. Shak. Any linea- ment or single part of the face. Spenser. The whole turn of the body ; the fashion ; the make. Spen- ser. Workmanship. B. Jonson. FEATURED*, fe'-tshur'd. a. Having handsome features. Sliak. Having a good or bad form, shape, or features. Sir T. More. Resembling in feature or countenance. Sliakspeare. To FEAZE, feze. v. a. [faisez, Fr.] To untwist the end of a rope, and reduce it again to its first stam- ina. To beat; to whip with rods. Ainsivorth. To FEBRFCITATE, ie-brls'-e-tate. v. n. [febrici- tor. Lat.J To be in a fever. Diet. FEBRFFICK*, fe-brlf -Ik. a. Tending to produce fever. Lord Chesterfield. FEBRFCULOSE, fe-brik-u-l6se'. a. Troubled with a fever. Diet. FE'BRIFUGE§, feb'-re-fuje. n. s. [febris and fugo, LatJ Any medicine serviceable in a fever. Floyer. FEBRIFUGE, feb'-re-fuje. a. Having the power to cure fevers. Arbuthnot. FE'BRILE, feV-rll. 140. a. [febrilvs, Lat.] Consti- tuting a fever ; proceeding from a fever. Harvey. FEBRUARY, feV-ru-a-re. n. s. [FebruaAus, Lai] The name of the second month in the year. Sliak- speare. FEBRUA'TION*, feb-ru-a'-shfin. n. s. [februatus, Lat.] A rite, among the Gentiles, of purifying 5 a sacrifice. Spenser. FECAL*. SeeFiECAL. FE'CES §, fiV-sez. n. s. [faeces, Lat.] Dregs ; lees ; sediment; subsidence. Dryden. Excrement. Ar- buthnot. FE'CKLESS*, fek'-lgs. a. Spiritless ; feeble 3 weak: perhaps a corruption of effectless. FE CULENCE, f'ek'-u-lense. ) n. s. [fcecultntia, FE'CULENCY, feV-u-len-se. $ Lat.] Muddiness; quality of abounding with lees or sediment. Lees 5 feces ; sediment ; dregs. Boyle. FE CULENT, feV-u-lent. a. Foul; dreggy ; excre- \ uaentitious. Spenser. partner FE'CUND J, fek'-und. [See Facund.] a. [foccundus. Lat.] Fruitful 5 prolifick. Irraunt. FECUNDA'TION, fek-kun-da'-shim. n. s The act of making fruitful or prolifick. Broun. To FECU'NDIFY, fe-kfin'-de-fl. v. a. To make fruitful. Diet. FECU'NDITY, fe-kfin'-de-le. n. s. Fruitfuliu-ss , quality of producing or bringing forth in great abundance. Woodward. Bower of producing or bringing forth. Ray. FED, fh\. pret. and part. pass, of To feed. Pope. FE'DARYjfecl'-a-re. n.s. A confederate, a part: or a dependant. Sliakspeare. FE'DERAL §, fed'-er-al. a. [fcedus, Lat.] Relatiag to a league or contract. Hammond. FE'DERARY, fed'-er-a-re. n. s. A confederate ; an accomplice. Shakspeare. FE'DERATE, fed;-eT-ate. 91 a. [/acferato, Lat.] Leagued; joined in confederacy. FEDERATIVE*, fed'-er-a-tiv. a. Having power to make a leag"ue or contract. Burke. FEDERATION*, fed-er-a'-sbfin. n. s. A league. Burke. FEDITY*, fed'-e-te. n. s. [fceditas, Lat.] Baseness ; turpitude ; inherent vileness. Bp. Hall. FEE$, fee. 246. n. s. [peoh, Sax.] [In law.] All lands and tenements that are held by any acknowledge- ment of superiority to a higher lord. Cowel. Prop erty ; peculiar. Shak. Reward ; gratification ; rec ompense. Spenser. Payments occasionally claim ed by persons in office. Sfiak. Reward paid to physicians or lawyers. Addison. Portion; pittance; share. Tusser. FEE-FARM, fee'-farm. 71. s. [fee and farm.] Tenure by which lands are held from a superiour lord Davies. To FEE, fee. v. a. [fae, Su. Goth, reward.] To re- ward; to pay. South. To bribe; to hire. Slvak, To keep in hire. Shakspeare. FE'EBLE§, fe'-bl. 405. a. [foible, Fr.] Weak ; de- bilitated; sicklv; infirm. 2 Chronicles, xxviii. To FEEBLE, fe-bl. v. a. To weaken ; to enfeeble, - Spenser. Ob. J. FEEBLEMINDED, fe'-bl -mlnd'-ed. a. Weak of mind ; defective in resolution. 1 Thessalonians, v. FE'EBLENESS, fe'-bl-nes. n. s. Weakness ; imbecil- ity; infirmity. South. FE'EBLY, fe'-ble. ad. Weakly; without strength Dry den. To FEED $, feed. 246. v. a. [fodan, Goth.] To sup- ply with food. Dryden. To supply; to furnish.. Addison. To graze ; to consume by cattle. Morti- mer. To nourish ; to cherish. Prior. To keep in hope or expectation. Knolles. To delight ; to en- tertain. Bacon. To make fat. To FEED, feed. v. n. To take food. Shak. To prey; to live by eating. Slmk. To pasture ; to place cat- tle to feed. Exodus, xxii. To grow fat or plump. FEED, feed. n.s. Food; that which is eaten. Sidney Pasture. Shak. Meal ; act of eating. Milton. FE'EDER, feed' -fir. n. s. One that gives food. Gen. iv. An exciter ; an encourager. Shak. One dial eats. Shakspeare. FEEDING* feed'-fng. n. s. Pasture. Drayton. To FEEL§, feel. pret. felt; part. pass. felt. v.n. [pe- lan, Sax.] To have perception of diings by the touch. Addison. To search by feeling. Acts, xvii To have a quick sensibility of good or evil, right or wrong. Pope. To appear to the touch. Sharp. To FEEL, feel. 246. v. a. To perceive by the touch. Judges, xxvi. To try ; to sound. Slmk. To have perception of. Raleigh. To have sense of external pain or pleasure. Milton. To be affected by; to perceive mentally. Shak. Te know ; to be ac- quainted with. Shakspeare. -3EL,fT- Sha/~p. FE'ELER, feeF-ur. n. s. One that feels. Shak. One that perceives mentally. Sir H. Wotton. The horns or antennae of insects. Derham. FE'ELING, feel'-Ing. part. a. Expressive of great sensibility. Sidney. Sensiblv felt. Shakspeare. 377 FEL FEL (CT 559.— File, far, fill, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— FELLING, feel'-lng. n.s. The sense of touch. Mil- ton.. Power of action upon sensibility. Slmk. Per- ception ; sensibility. Bacon. FEELINGLY, feel'-fng-le. ad. With expression of great sensibility. Sidney. So as to be sensibly felt. Sliakspeare. FEESE*, fees. n. s. A race. Barret. FEET§, feet. 246. n. s. The plural of foot, [peto, Sax.] Pope. FELTLESS, feet'-l§s. a. Being without feet. Cam- den. To FEIGN §, fane. 249, 385. v. a. [feigner, old Fr.] To invent. Milton. To make a show of. Spenser. To do upon some false pretence. Pope. To dis- semble; to conceal. Spenser. To FEIGN, fane. v. n. To relate falsely ; to image from the invention. Shakspeare. FE'IGNEDLY, fane'-ed-le. 364. ad. In fiction ; not truly. Jeremiah, iii. FE'IGNEDNESS*, fane'-ed-nes. n. s. Fiction ; de- ceit. Harmar. FE'IGNER, fane'-ur. n.s. Inventer; contriver of a fiction. B. Jonson. FE IGNING* fane'-lng. n. s. A false appearance ; an artful contrivance. B. Jonson. FEIGNINGLY* fane'-fng-le. ad. Craftily. Huloet. FEINT, fant. part. a. Counterfeit; seeming. Locke. FEINT, fant. 249. n. s. [feint, Fr.] A false appear- ance. Spectator. A mock assault. Prior. FELANDERS, fei'-an-durz. n.s. [flandres, Fr.] Worms in hawks. Sir T. Brown. To FELFCITATE§, fe-lis'-e-tate. v, a. [felicito, Lat.] To make happy. Watts. To congratulate. Brown. FELICITATE*, fe-lls'-e-tate. part. a. Made happy. Shakspeare. FELICITATION, fe-lls-e-ta'-shun. n, s. Congratu- lation. Diet. FELFCITOUS§, fe-lls'-e-tus. a. [felicito, Lat.] Happy ; prosperous. Sir R. Naunton. FFLFCITOUSLY,fe-hV-e-tus-le.ad. Happily. Diet. FELFCITY, fe-hV-e-te. n. s. Happiness ; prosperi- ty ; blissfulness ; blessedness. Spenser. FRLINE, feMlne. 140. a. [felinus, Lat.] Like a cat; pertaining to a cat. Grew. FELL§, feT. a. [pell, Sax.] Cruel ; barbarous; inhu- man. Fairfax. Savage ; ravenous ; bloody. Pope. FELL*, fel. n.s. [pelle, Sax.] Anger ; melancholi- ness. Spenser. FELL, fel. n. s. [pell, Sax.] The skin ; the hide. Shakspeare. Ob. J. FELL*, fel. n.s. [/efe, Germ.] A hill; a mountain. B. Jonson. A corruption off eld. Drayton. To FELL, fel. v. a. [fellen, Germ.] To knock down ; to bring to the ground. Sliak. Milton. To hew down; to cut down. 2 Kings, iii. FELL, fel. The preterit of To fall. FELLER, fel'-lur. n. s. One that hews down. IsaiaJi, xiv. FELLFFLUOUS, fel-nf-flu-us. 518. a. [fel and/«o, Lat.] Flowing with gall. Diet. FELLMONGER, tfel'-mfing-gur. 381. n.s. A dealer in hides. FELLNESS, f&'-nes. n. s. Cruelty ; savageness ; fury ; rage. Spenser. FELLOE, feT-16. 296. n. s. [felge, Dutch.] The cir- cumference of a wheel. 1 Kings, vii. FELLON*, felMun. n. s. A sore. See Felon. FELLOW §, felMo. 327. n. s. [pelap, Sax.] A com- panion ; one with whom we consort. Ascliam. An associate ; one united in the same affair. Dryden. One of the same kind. Waller. Equal ; peer. Sidney. One thing suited to another ; one of a pair. Addison. One like another : as, This knave hath not his fellow. Shak. A familiar appellation, used sometimes with fondness, sometimes with es- teem. Shak. A word of contempt ; mean wretch ; sorry rascal. Sidney. A member of a college, that shai-es its revenues, or of any incorporated so- ciety. Bacon. To FELLOW, fel'-lo. v. a. To suit with ; to pair with; to match. Shakspeare. FELLOW-CITIZEN*, fel-lo-sit'-e-zn. n. s. One who belongs to the same city. Ephesians, ii. FELLOW-COMMONER, fel-ld-kom'-un-ur. n. s One who has the same right of common. Locke. A commoner at Cambridge of the higher order, who dines with the fellows. Dean Prideaux. FELLOW-COUNSELLOR*, fel-lo-koun'-sel-lur. n. s. A member of the same council of state. Shak. FELLOW-CREATURE, fel-lo-kre'-tshure. n..s. One that has the same Creator. Watts. FELLOW-HEIR, f&l-lo-are'. n. s. Coheir. Eph. iii. FELLOW-HELPER, fSl-lo-help'-ur. n. s. Coadju- tor. 3 John. FELLOW-LABOURER, fel-li-la'-bfir-ur. n.s. One who labours in the same design. Dryden. FELLOW-MAIDEN*, fel-lc-ma'-dn. n.s. A virgin that bears another virgin companv. Sliakspeure. FELLOW-MEMBER*, fel-16-menV-bur. n. s. Mem ber of the same body. Whole Duty of Man. FELLO W -MINISTER*, fel-16-nuV-is-tur. n. s. One who serves the same office. Shakspeare. FELLOW-PEER*, fel-16-peer/. n. s. One who en- joys the same privileges of nobility. Shakspeare. FELLOW-PRISONER*, fel-l6-prfz'-zn-ur. n. s One confined in the same prison. Rom. xvi. FELLOW-SCHOLAR*, fel-l6-sk6l'-lar. n. s. One who studies in company with others. Shakspeare. FELLOW-SERVANT, iel-J6-ser'-vant. n. s. One that has the same master. Milton. FELLOW-SOLDIER, fel-l6-s6l'-j5r. n. s. One wno fights under the same commander. Phil. ii. FELLOW-STUDENT, fel-16-suV-dent. n. s. One who studies with another, in the same class. Watts. FELLOW-SUBJECT, fel-lo-sub'-jekt. n.s. One who lives under the same government. Swift. FELLOW-SUFFERER, f^l-16-suf-m-ar. n.s. One who shares in the same evils. Addison. FELLOW-TRAVELLER*, fel-li-trav'-gl-lSr. n. s One who travels in company with others. Sir T FELLOW-WORKER*, fel-lo-wurk'-fir. n. s. One employed in the same design. Col. iv. FELLOW -WRITER, fel-kWV-tur. n. s. One whe writes at the same time, or on the same subject Addison. FELLOWFELLFNG, fel-l6-feel'-fng. n. s. Sympa- thy. U Estrange. Co'mbination; joint interest. Ar- buthnot. FELLOWLIKE, fel'-lo-llke. \ a. Like a compan- FELLOWLY, f&M6-le. \ ion; on equal terms; companionable. Carew. FELLOWSHIP, fel'-lo-shfp. n.s. Companionship; consort; society. Locke. Association; confederacy. Hooker. Equality. Partnership ; joint interest. Milton. Company ; state of being together. Shak. Frequency of intercourse ; social pleasure. Bacon. Fitness and fondness for festal entertainments, with food prefixed. Clarendon. An establishment in le college, with share in its revenue. Swift. [In arithmetick.] That rule of plural proportion where- by we balance accounts, depending between divers persons, having put together a general stock. Cocker. FELLY , feT-le. ad. Cruelly ; savagely ; barbarous- ly. Spenser. FELLY*. See Felloe. FELNESS*. See Fellness. FELO-DE-SE/e^-de-se'. n.s. [In law.] He that cem- mitteth felony by murdering himself. Lively Oracles. FELONS, feT-&n. 166. n.s. [felon, Fr.] One who has committed a capital crime. Shak. A whitlow , a tumour formed between the bone and its invest- ing membrane. Wiseman. FELON, fel'-tin. a. Cruel; traitorous; inhuman; fierce. Spenser. FELONIOUS, fe-lo'-ne-fis. a. Wicked; traitorous ; villanous ; malignant. Wotton. FELONIOUSLY, fe-lc-'-ne-fis-le. ad. In a felonious way. Bp. Hall. FELONOUS, feK-16-nus. a. Wicked; felonious. Spenser. Ob. J. FELONY, fel'-un-e. n. s. [felonie, Fr ] A crime do 378 FEN FER -116, m6ve, ndr, not 5 — lube, tub, bull 5 — 6?1 ; — pSund; — thin, THis. nounced capital by the law 5 an enormous crime. Shakspeare. FELT. The preterit of Feel. FELT$, felt. n. s. [pelt, Sax.] Cloth made of wool united without weaving-. Shak. A hide or skin. Mortimer. To FELT, felt. v.a. To unite without weaving-. Hale. FELT-MAKER*, felt' -ma-kur. n. s. One employed in making felt. Beaumont and Ftetclier. To FE'LTRE, fel'-tur. v. a. To clot together like felt. Fairfax. FELU'OCA,ft-lfik'-a.n.s. [Ital.] A small, open boat, with six oars. Addison. FE'MALE$, fe'-male. n.s. [femelle, Fr.] A she 5 one of the sex which brings young. Gen. i. FE'MALE, ftV-male. a. Not male. Milton. Not masculine ; belonging to a she. Milton. — Female rhijmes. Double rhymes so called, because, in French, from which the term is taken, they end in e weak or feminine. Dryden. FEME Covert, n. s. [Fr.] A married woman. Blount. FEME Sole, fern. n. s. [Fr.] A single woman. FEMINA LITY, fem-e-nal'-e-te. n. s. [fcemina, Lat.] Female nature. Brown. FE'MINATE*, feW-e-nate. a. Feminine. Ford. FE M1NINE, fem'-e-nin. 150. a. Of the sex that bring young; female. Cleaveland. Soft; tender; delicate. Milton. Effeminate ; emasculated. Ra- leigh. Belonging to women. Fuller. FE'MININE, fem'-e-nin. n. s. A female. Milton. FEMFNITY*, fe-nuV-e-te. n.s. Any quality or prop- erty of woman. Spenser. To FE MINIZE*, fem'-e-nlze. v. a. To make wo- manish. More. FE'MORAL,fem'-o-ral. a. [femoralis ,Lat/| Belong- ing to the thigh. Sliarp. FEN §, fen. n.s. [penn, Sax.] A marsh 5 low, and moist ground ; a moor ; a bog. Abbot. FE'NBERRY, fen'-ber-re. n. s. A kind of black- berry. Skinner. FEN-BORN*, fen'-bom. a. Produced or generated in fens. Milton. FEN-CRESS*, feV-kres. n. s. [pen-cep.pe, Sax.] Cress growing in fens. FEN-CRICKET, fen'-krlk-et. n. s. An insect that digs itself holes in the ground. FEN-DUCK*, fen'-duk. n. s. A sort of wild duck. Sherwood. FEN-FOWL*, fen'-fofll. n. s. [pen-pu^el, Sax.] Any fowl inhabiting marshes. FEN-LAND*,feV-land. n.s. Marshy land. FENCE §, fense. n. s. [fendo, Lat.] Guard ; security; outwork : defence. Locke. Enclosure ; mound ; hedge. Dryden. The art of fencing; defence. Shalcspeare. Skill in defence. Sliakspeare. To FENCE, fense. v. a. To enclose ; to secure by an enclosure or hedge. Fairfax. To guard ; to fortify. Milton. To FENCE, fense. v. n. To practise the arts of man- ual defence. Locke. To guard against ; to act on the defensive. Locke. To fight according to art. Sliakspeare. FENCE-MONTH*, fense'-muntfi. n. s. The month in which it is prohibited to hunt in any forest. Bullokar. FE'NCEFUL*, fense'-ful. a. Affording defence. Congreve. FE'NCELESS, fense'-lgs. a. Without enclosure; open. Milton. FE'NCER, feV-sur. n. s. One who teaches or prac- tises the use of weapons. Herbert. FE'NCIBLE, feV-se-bl. a. Capable of defence. Spen- ser. FE'NCIBLES* feV-se-blz. n.s. Such regiments as have been raised either expressly for the defence of our own country, or for a limited service. FE'NCING*, fen'-slng. n. s. The art of fencing. Ar- buthnot. FE'NCINGMASTER, feV-smg-ma-stfir. n. s. One who leaches the science of defence, or the use of weapons. Lord Herbert. FSNCING-SCHOOL, feV-slng-sko5l. n. s. A place in which the use of weapons is taught. Locke. To FEND §, fend. v.a. [fendo, Lat.] To keep off to shut out. Dryden. To FEND, fend. v.n. To dispute; to shift off a charge. Beaumont and Fletcher. FE'NDER, fen'-d&r. n. s. An iron plate laid before the fire to hinder coals that fall from rolling for- ward to the floor. Any thing laid or hung at the side of a ship to keep off violence. To FEDERATES*, fen'-er-ate. v.n. [farieror, Lat.] To put money to usury. Cockerum. FENERATION, fen-er-a'-shun. n. s. Usury; the gain of interest. Brown. FENE'STRAL*, fe-nes'-tral. a. [fenestralis, Lat.] Belonging to windows. Bp. Nicholson. FE'NNEL§, feV-nel. 99. n.s. [penol, Sax.] A plant of strong scent. Milton. FE'NNELFLOWER, fen'-nel-fldu-ur. n. s. A plant FE NNELG1ANT, feV-ngl-jl-ant. n. s. A plant. FE'NNY, fen'-ne. a. [penni^, Sax.] Marshy ; bog- gy ; moorish. Moxon. Inhabiting the marsh. Shak. FE'NNYSTONES, fen'-ne-stdnz. n.s. A plant. FE'NOWED*, fen'-6de. a. [pyni^ean, Sax.] Cor rupted ; decaved. Dr. Favour. FE'NSUCKED, fen'-sukt. a. Sucked out of marshes Shakspeare. FE'NUGREEK, fen'-u-greek. n. s. [peno£pecum, Sax.] A plant. Bullokar. FEOD §, hide. n. s. [feodum, low Lat.] Fee : tenure. Diet. FE'ODAL^.V-dal. a. [fiodal, Fr.] Held from another. Belonging to a feod cr tenure. Burke. FEODA'LITY*, fu-dal'-e-te. n.s. The possession of, or seigniory over, divers fiefs ; feudal tenure ; feu- dal law. Burke. FE'ODARY, fiV -da-re. n. s. An officer appointed by the court of wards to be assistant to the escheators in every county at the finding of officers, and to give in evidence for the king. FE'ODATARY*, fiV-da-ta-re. n. s. A tenant who holds his estate by feudal service. See Feudato RY. FEUDATORY* ftV-da-tfir-e. a. Holding from an- - other by some conditional tenure. Bacon. To FE'OFFS, fef. 236. v. a. [feofer, old Fr.] To put in possession ; to invest with right. Bp. Hall. {c5= I had always supposed, that the diphthong in this word, and its compound enfeoff, was pronounced like the long open e ; but, upon inquiry into its actual pro- nunciation by the gentlemen of the law, found I had been in an errour ; and, though Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott mark feoff with the short e, they are in the same errour respecting enfeoff, which they mark witli the long e. Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Barclay are under the same mistake in feoff, by pronouncing the diphthong long ; and Mr. Nares is wrong also in pronouncing en- feoff in the same manner. Mr. Perry is the only one who is right in pronouncing the diphthong short in both. So much, however, had my ear been used to the long sound of this diphthong, that it escaped me in the words enfeoff and enfeoffment ; which, to be consist- ent, I ought certainly to have marked with the short sound, as in feoff and feoffee. W. FE'OFF*, fef. n.s. A fief. Fuller. FEOFFE'E, fef-fee. [fef-fee', Perry.-] n.s. One put in possession. Spenser. FE'OFFER, feP-ffir. n.s. One who gives posses sion of any thing. Huloet. FEOFFMENT, fef -ment. n. s. The act of grant- ing possession. Cowel. FERA'CIOUS §*, fe-ra'-shus. a. [ferax, Lat.] Fer- tile; fruitful. FERA'CITY, fe-ras'-e-te. n.s. Fruitfulness ; fertili- ty. Diet. FE'RAL^e'-ral. a. [feralis, Lat.] Funereal; dead- ly. Burton. FERE*, fere. n.s. [pep.a, Sax.] A companion, a mate ; an equal. Clmucer. FE'RETORY*, fer'-e-tfir-e. n.s. [feretmm, Lat.] A place in churches where the bier is set. Keepe. FE'RIAL §*, fe'-re-al. a. [ferialis, Lat.] Respecting the common days of the week; sometimes, holy days. Gregory. FERlA'TlON, fe-re-a'-shun. 534. n. s. The act of keeping holyday. Brown. FER FET Q3 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pfoe, phi;— FE'RIE*, fe'-re. n.s. Any day of the week not kept holy. Dance of Machabree. FE'RINE$, fe'-rlne. 140. «. [ferinus, Lat.] Wild; savage. Hale. FERI'NENESS, fe-rlne'-nes. n.s. Barbarity; sav- ageness; wildness. Hale. FE>RITV,fer / -e-te. n.s. Barbarity; cruelty; wild- ness; savageness. Pearson. To FERK*. See To Firk. FERM*, ferm. n.s. [peopm, Sax.] Rent; farm. Chalmers. Lodging-house. Spenser. To FERME'NT §, fer-ment'. v. a. [fermento, Lat.] To exalt or rarefy by intestine motion of parts. Pope. To FERME'NT, fer-ment'. v.n. To have the parts put into intestine motion. Neile. FE'RMENT, fer'-ment. 492. n.s. That which causes intestine motion. Floyer. Intestine motion ; tumult. Rogers. FERMENTABLE, fer-ment'-a-bl. a. Capable of fermentation. FERME'NTAL, fer-ment'-al. a. Having the power to cause fermentation. Brown. FERMENTATION, fer-men-ta'-shun. n. s. [fermen- taiio, Lat.] A slow motion of the intestine particles of a mixt body, arising usually from the operation of some active acid matter, which rarefies, exalts, and subtilizes the soft and sulphureous particles ; as when leaven or yest rarefies, lightens, and fer- ments bread or wort. Boyle. FERMENTATIVE, fer-men'-ta-rfv. a. Causing fer- mentation. Arbuthnot. FERME'NTATIVENESS*, fer-men'-ta-tlv-nes. n. s. Capability of fermenting. Dr. Tyson. FERMILLET*, fiV-mil-fet. n.s. [fermaillet, old Fr.] A buckle or clasp. FERN§, fern. n.s. [peapn, Sax.] A plant. HiU. FE'RNY, fern'-e. a. Overgrown with fern. Barret. FERO'CIOUSS, fe-ri'-shus. 357. a. [ferox, Lat./e- roce, Fr.] Savage ; fierce. Pope. Ravenous ; ra- pacious. Brown. FERO'CIOUSLY* fe-r6'-shus-le. ad. In a savage manner. FEROCIOUSNESS*, fe-r^-shfis-nes. n. s. Fierce- ness ; savageness. FEROCITY, fe-ros'-e-te. n. s. Savageness ; wild- ness ; fierceness. Addison. FE'RREOUS, feY-re-us. a. [ferreus, Lat.] Irony ; of iron. Brown. FE'RRET §, fer'-rit. 99. n. s. [fei~ret, Dutch.] A kind of rat with red eyes and a long snout, used to catch rabbits. Sidney. A kind of narrow woollen tape. To FE'RRET, fer'-rft. 99. v. a. To drive out of lurking places. Heulin. FE'RRETER, fer'-fit-ur. n.s. One that hunts an- other in his privacies. SJietivood. FE'RRIAGE, fer'-re-idje. 90. n.s. [feriage, old Fr.] The fare paid at a ferry. Sherwood. FERRUGI / NEOUS*,fer-ru-j?n / -e-us. > a. [ferrvgin- FERRU'GINOUS, fer-nV-jln-us. ) eus, Lat.] Partaking of particles and qualities of iron. John- son. Ray. FE'RRULE, fer'-rll. n. s. [virole, or verrel, old Fr.] An iron ring put round any thing to keep it from cracking. Ray. 2 , 0FE / RRY$,'fer'-re.v.a over in a boat. Spenser. To FE'RRY, fiV-re. v. n vessel of carriage. FE'RRY, feV-re. )n.s. A vessel of FE'RRY-BOAT, fey-re-b6te. \ carriage. Shak. The passage over which the ferry-boat passes. Wyndlhxm. FE'RRYMAN, feV-re-man. 88. n. s. One who keeps a ferry; one who, for hire, transports goods and passengers over the water. Shakspeare. PERTH or Forth. Common terminations, the same as in English, an army ; coming from the Saxon word pyno\ Gibson. FE'RTILE §. fer'-til. 140. a. [fertilis, Lat.] Fruit- ful; abundant; plenteous. Locke. FE'RTJLENESS, feV-ul-nes. n. s. Fruitfulness ; fe- cundity. Sidney. [papan, Sax.] To carry To pass over water in a To FERTFLITATE, fer-dl'-e-tate. v.a. To fecun date ; to fertilize. Brown. Ob. J. FERTILITY, fer-til'-e-te. n.s. Fecundity ; a D un dance ; fruitfulness. Raleigh. To FERTILI'ZE, ferMil-llze. v.a. To make fruitful ;. to make productive. Boyle. FE'RTILY, fiV-dl-e. ad. Fruitfully; plenteously, abundantly. Slierwood. [Properly fertilely Iv.] FE'RULAf, fer'-u-la. n.s. [ferule,Fr.] An instru- ment of correction, with which young scholars are beaten on the hand. Sliaw FF/RULAR*, fer'-u-Jar. n.s. The ferule, or instru- ment of correction. Hartlib. FE'RULE*, feV-ule. n. s. The more proper word for ferula. Bp. Hull. TeFE'RULE, fer'-ule. v.a. To chastise with the ferula. FE'RVENCY§, fer'-ven-se. n.s. [fervens, Lat.] Heat of mind ; ardour ; eagerness. Sliak. Pious ardour; zeal. Hooker. FE RVENT, fer'-vent. a. Hot ; boiling. Wolton Hot in temper; vehement. Hooker. Ardent in piety ; warm in zeal. Acts, xviii. Ardent in love Beaumont and Fletcher. FE'RVENTLY, fer'-vent-le. ad. In a burning degree. Hakewill. Eagerly ; vehemently. Sir T. Elijot. With pious ardour. Col. iv. FE'RVENTNESS*, fer'-vent-nes. n.s. Ardour; zeal. Bale. FE'RVID$, fer'-vld. a. [fei-vidus, Lat.] Hot; burn- ing ; boiling. Milton. Vehement ; eager ; zealous. FERVFDITY, fer-vid'-e-te. n.s. Heat; zeal; pas- sion; ardour. Diet. FE'RVIDNESS, feV-vid-nes. n.s. Ardour of mind ; zeal ; passion. Bentley. FE'RVOUR.fer'-vur.SM. n.s. [fervor, Lat.] Heat ; warmth. Brown. Heat of mind; zeal. Hooker. Ardour of piety. Addison. FE'SCENNINE*, fes'-sen-nlne. n.s. [from Fescenma, in Tuscany, where licentious and wanton verses were sung at weddings.] A licentious poem. Burton. FE'SCENNINE*, fes'-sen-nlne. a. Licentious; wan- ton. Kennet. FE'SCUE, fes'-ku. n. s. [festu, Fr.] A small wire by which those who teach to read point out the letters. Holder. FE'SELS, fes'-selz. n. s. [faziols, Fr.] A kind of base grain. May. FESSE. fes. n. s. The fesse is so called of the Latin word fascia, a band or girdle, possessing the third part of the escutcheon over the middle. Peacham. FE STAL*, fes'-tai. a. [festal, old Fr.] Respecting feasts ; befitting a feast. Collins. To FE'STER, fes'-tur. v. n. To rankle ; to corrupt , to grow viruleut. Sidney. FE'STINATES, fes'-te-nate. a. [festinatus, Lat.] Hasty ; hurried. Shakspeare. Ob. T. FE'ST'lNATELY, fes'-ie'-nate-le. ad. Hastily. Shak. FESTINA'TION, fes-te-na'-shuu. n. s. Haste. Brown. FESTIVAL §,fes'-te-val. a. [festivus, Lat.] Pertain ing to feasts ; joyous. Atterbury. FE'STIVAL, feV-te-val. n.s. Time of feast ; anni versary-day of civil or religious joy. Milton. FE'STIVE, fes'-dv. 140. a. [festivus, Lat.] Joy ous ; gay ; befitting a feast. Thomson. FESTFVIT Y, fes-trv 7 -e-te. n. s. Festival ; time of rejoicing. Brown. Gayety ; joyfulness. Bp. Tay lor. FESTO'ON, fes-toSn'. n. s. [feston, Fr.] An orna- ment of carved work in the form of a wreath or garland of flowers, or leaves twisted together, thickest at the middle, and suspended by the two extremes, whence it hangs down perpendicular- ly. Harris. FE'STUCINE, fes'-tu-sfn. 140. a. [festuca, Lat.] Straw-colour, between green and yellow. Broton. FESTU'COUS, fes-tu'-kus. a. Formed of straw. Broivn. To FET, fet. v. a. To fetch. Tusser. To come to to arrive at. Sackville. FET, fet. n. s. [fait, Fr.] A piece. Drayton. Ob. J. 380 FEU FIC -no, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ;— pSund 5 — thin, thIs. To FETCH $, fetsh. v. a. preter. fetched, [peccan, jrectan, Sax.] To go and bring. Shak. To de- rive ; to draw. Shak. To strike at a distance. Bacon. To bring to any state by some powerful operation. Bacon. To draw within any confine- ment or prohibition. Sanderson. To produce by some kind of force. Milton. To perform. Shak. To perform with suddenness or violence. Shak. To perform without suddenness or violence. Beau- mont and Fletcher. To reach 3 to arrive at. Milton. To obtain as its price. Locke. To FETCH, fetsh. v.n. To move with a quick re- turn. Shakspeare. FETCH, fetsh. n. s. [pacen, Sax.] A stratagem by which any thing is indirectly performed 3 a trick} an artifice. Stillingfleet. FETCHER, fetsh'-ur. n.s. One that fetches any thing. Huloet. FE'TID §, fet'-id. 296. [See Fetus.] [fet'-fd, Sheri- dan and Jones : ftV-tld, Perry.'] a. [fcetidus, Lat.] Stinking ; rancid 3 having a smell strong and offen- sive. Bacon. FETIDNESS, fet'-ld-nes. n. s. The quality of stink- FETLOCK, fet'-lok. n.s. [feet and lock.] _ A tuft of hair that grows behind the pastern joint of nv horses. Farrier's Diet. stench 5 a strong and offensive smell. Brown. ny n( T OR, FETOR, fe'-tur. n.s. [fcetor, Lat.] A stink; a FETTER §, fel'-t&r. n. s. It is commonly used in the plural, fetters, [from feet; pefctep.e, Sax.] Chains for the feet. Ecclus. xxi. To FE'TTER, fet'-tur. v. a. To bind; to enchain j to shackle 3 to tie. Sidney. FETTERLESS*, fet'-tfir-les. a. Free from restraint. Marston. Tc FE'TTLE, fet'-tl. 405. v.n. To do trifling busi- ness. Bp. Hall. FETUS, fe'-tus. 296, 489. n. s. [foetus, Lat.] Any animal in embryo 5 any thing yet in the womb. Boyle. J^j" Whence can arise the different quantity of the e in fetus and fetid 1 Till a better reason appear, let us suppose the following: fetus, except the diphthong, re- tains its Latin form, and therefore is naturally pro- j nounced with its first syllable long: fetid is angli- cised; and, as most of these anglicised words of I two syllables are derived from Latin words of three, | where the first, be it short or long, is in our English- Latin pronounced short, the same syllable in the Eng- lish words is generally short likewise. This has estab- lished something like a rule ; and this rule has shorten- ed the first syllable of fetid, though long in the Latin fcetidus. — See Drama. W. flu [peoh, Sax.] A fee, or feudal rEU*, ra. n tenure. FEU DE JOIE*, fiV-de-zwa'. [Fr.] A bonfire 3 a firing of guns on an}' joyful occasion. Brand. FEUD, fide. 264. n. s. [pseho\ Sax.] Quarrel} con- tention; opposition 5 war. Addison. FEUD§*, hide, n.s. [feude, old Fr.] A conditional allotment of land. Blackstone. See Feod. FEU'DAL, fiV-dal. a. [feudalis, low Lat.] Pertain- ing to fees, feus, or tenures, by which lands are held of a superiour lord. Hale. FEU'DAL, fiV-dal. n. s. A dependance ; something held bv tenure. FEU'DALISM* fiV-dal-?zm. n.s. The feudal system. FEUDALITY* fu-dal'-e-te. n. s. The state of a chief lord 3 feodality. Cotgrave. FEU'DARY*, fiV-da-re. a. Holding tenure under a superiour lord. Milton. FEUDATARY, fiV-da-tar-e. n.s. One who holds not in chief, but by some conditional tenure from a superiour. Warton. FEUDATORY*. See Feodatory. FEU'DIST*, fo'-dist. n. s. One learned in the law of feuds or fees. Selden. FEU'ILLAGE, f&l'-laje. n.s. [Fr.] A bunch or row of leaves. Jervas. FEUILLEMORT, fiV-?l-m3rt. n.s. [Fr.] The colour of a faded leaf, corrupted commonly to phil- emot Locke. To FEUTER*, nV-tar.u.a. [feuirer, old Fr.] To make ready. Spenser. FEUTERER, fu'-t&r-ur. n.s. [vautrier, Fr.] A dogkeeper. Massinger. FE'VER$, fe'-vftr. 7-.. s. [pepeji, Sax.] A disease in which the body is violently heated, and the pulse quickened, or in which heat and cold prevail by turns. Locke. To FE'VER, fe'-vur. v. a. To put into a fever. Sliak. FE / VER-COOLLNG*,fe / -vdr-k66l'-lng. a. Allaying the heat of fever. Thomson. FEVER-SICK*, fe'-vur-slk. a. Diseased with a fe- ver. Peek. FEVER-WEAKENED*, fe'-vfir-week'-knd. a. De- bilitated by fever. FE'VERET, fe'-vur-et. n. s. A slight fever 5 febric- ula. Ayliffe. FE'VERFE W, fe'-vur-fu. n. s. [pepeppu^e, Sax.] A plant. Miller. FE'VERISH, fe'-vfir-fsh. a. Diseased with a fever Arhuthnot. Tending to a fever. Swift. Uncer tain ; inconstant 3 now hot, now cold. Dryden. Hot ; burning. Dryden. FE'VERISHNESS, fe-vur-fsh-nes. n. s. A slighi disorder of the feverish kind. Mental restlessness. Lord Shaftesbury. FE'VEROUS, fe-'-vur-us.a. [fevereux-se, Fr.] Trou- bled with a fever or ague. Shak. Having the nature of a fever. Milton. Having a tendency to produce fevers. Bacon. FE'VEROUSLY*, fe'-vur-fis-le. ad. In a feverish manner. Donne. FE VERY, fe'-vur-e. a. Diseased with a fever. B Jonson. FEW§ ; fu. a. [pea, peapa, Sax.] Not many 5 not in a great number. Jer. xliii. Sometimes ellipti- cal! v ; not manv words. Hooker. FE'WEL, fiV-il. 99. n. s. [feu, Fr.] Combustible matter; as, firewood, coal. Hooka: To FE'WEL, fiV-11. v. a. To feed with fewel. Cow- ley. FE'WMET*. See Fumet. FE'WNESS, fiV-nes. n.s. Paucity 3 smallness of number. Levit. xxv. Paucity of words 5 brevity. Shakspeare. To FEY, fa. v. a. [veghen, Dutch.] To cleanse a ditch of mud. Tusser. To FPANCE*, fl'-anse. v. a. [j? oncer, Fr.] To affi- ance j to betroth. Harmar. FI'AT*, fl'-at. n.s. [Lat.] An order; a decree Bentley. FIB$. fib. n.s. A lie; a falsehood. Pope. To FIB, fib. v. n. To lie ; to tell lies. Arhuthnot. FI'BBER, fib'-bur. n.s. A teller of fibs. Sliencood. FI'BRE§, fi'-bfir. 416. n. s. [fibra, Lat.] A small thread or string; the first constituent parts of bodies. Pope. FFBRIL, f I'-brfl. n. s. [fbrille, Fr.] A small fibre 0/ slring. Chevne. FFBROUS, iT-brus. 314. a. Composed of fibres ot stamina. Bacon. FIB ULA, f ib'-u-la. n. s. [Lat.] The outer and less er bone of the leg, much smaller than the tibia Quincy. FFCKLE §, fik'-kl. 405. a. [picehan, Sax.] Change able; inconstant; irresolute; wavering; unsteady. Shak. Not fixed ; subject to vicissitude. Milton. FFCKLENESS, fik'-kl-nes. n.s. Inconstancy; un- certainty ; unsteadiness. Sidnei/. FI'CKLY, fik'-kl-le. ad. Without certainty or sta- bility. Southern. FICO, fl'-kb. n. s. [Ital.] An act of contempt done with the fingers, expressing afisfor rjou. Carew. FFCTILE, fik'-tll. 140. a. Tfctzlis, Lat.] Moulded into form ; manufactured by the potter. Bicon. FFCTION, f ik y -shun n. s. [fictio, Lat.] The act of feigning or inventing. Stillingfleet The thing feign- ed' or invented. Raleigh. A falsehood; a he. FI'CTIOUS, fik'-shus. 292. a. Fictitious ; imagina- ry; invented. Daniel. FICTICIOUS §, ffk-&h'-us. a [fictitius, Lat.] Counterfeit ; false 3 not genuine firyden. Fcign- 381 FIE FIG JCT559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— mh, met;— pine, pm;— ed 5 imaginary. Pope. Not real ; not true ; alle- gorical. Addison. FfCTI'TIOUSLY, f?k-t?sh'-us-le. ad. Falsely 3 coun- terfeit^. Brown. FICTITIOUSNESS*, Hk-tVn'-us-nes. ».*. Feign- ed representation. Johnson. FFCTlVE*,flk'-tfv. a. Feigned; imaginary. Dray- ton. FID, fid. n. s. [fitta, Ital.] A pointed iron with which seamen untwist their cords. Skinner. FI'DDLES, fid'-dl. re. s. [piSel, Sax.] A stringed instrument of musick ; a violin. Stilling fleet. To FFDDLE, fid'-dl. 405. v. n. To play upon a fid- dle. Bacon. To trifle; to shift the hands often, and do nothing. Arbuthnot. FFDDLEFADDLE, fid'-dl-fad'-dl. n. s. A cant word ; trifles. Beaumont and Fletcher. FFDDLEFADDLE, ffd'-dl-fad'-dl. a. Trifling ; giv- ing trouble about nothing. Arbuthnot. FI'DDLER, fJd'-dl-flr. re. s. One that plays upon the fiddle. Bp. Taylor. FI'DDLESTICIt, fid'-dl-stik. n. s. The bow which a fiddler draws over the strings of a fiddle. Hudi- bras. FI'DDLESTRING, fld'-dl-string. n. s. The string of a fiddle. Arbuthnot. FIDE'LITY, fe-del'-e-te. 126. n. s. [fideliias, Lat.] Honesty; veracity. Hooker. Faithful adherence. Clarke. To FIDGE §, fldje. ) v. n. [fika, Su. Goth.] To FI'DGET S, fidj'-it. 99. $ To move nimbly, and irregularly. Breton. FI'DGET*. fidi'-ft. n. s. Restless agitation. Gray. FI'DGETY*, fldj'-It-e. a. Restless; impatient. FIDU'CIAL §, fe-du'-shal. 126, 357. a. [fiducia, Lat.] Confident ; undoubting. Bp. Hall. &*T For the impropriety of pronouncing the second sylla- ble of this and the two [three] following words, as if written 7*00, as Mr. Sheridan has marked them, see Principles, No. 376 and 472. W. FIDU'CIALLY*, fe-du'-shal-le. a. Undoubtingly ; confidently. South. FIDU'CIARY, fe-du'-she-fi-re. n.s. One who holds any thing in trust. One who depends on faith with- out works. Hammond. FIDU'CIARY, fe-du'-she-a-re. a. Confident ; steady; undoubting. Wake. Not to be doubted. Howell. Held in trust. Spelman. FIE*, fl. interj. See Fy. A word of blame or indig- nation. FIEF S, feef. n. s. [Fr.] A fee ; a manor ; a possession held by some tenure of a superiour. Arbuthnot. FIELD 5, feeld. 275. re. s. [pelb, Sax.] Ground not inhabited, not built on. Gen. ii. Ground not en- closed. Mortimer. Cultivated tract of ground. Pope. The open country. Sliak. The ground of battle. Locke. A battle ; a campaign ; the action of an army while it keeps the field. Shak. A wide expanse. Dry den. Space; compass; extent. Ad- dison. The ground or blank space on which figures are drawn. Dryden. [In heraldry.] The surface of a shield. Dryden. FI'ELDED, feel'-ded. a. Being in the field of battle. Shaksveare. FIELD-BASIL, feeld'-baz-fl. n. s. [field and basil.] A plant. FIELD-BED, feeld'-bed. re. s. A bed contrived to be set up in the field. Shakspeare. FI'ELDFARE, fel'-fare. 515. re. s. [pelb and papan, Sax.] A bird. Bacon. FI'ELDMARSHAL, feeld-mar'-shal. re. 5. Com- mander of an army in a field; the officer of high- est military rank in England. FIELD-MOUSE, feeld'-mduse. re. s. A mouse that burrows in banks. Mortimer. FI'ELDQFFICER, feeld-df-fe-sfir. re. s. An officer whose command in the field extends to a whole regiment; as, the colonel, lieutenant-colonel, and major. FI'ELDPIECE, feeld'-peese. re. * Small cannon used in battles, but not in sieges. Knolles. FIELD-PREACHER*, feeld'-pretsh'-fir . n.s. One |] who preaches in a field or open place. Bp. Lav inoion. FIELD-PREACHING*, feeld'-pretsh'-ing. re. s. The act of pronouncing an harangue in a field or open place. Warburton. Fl'ELDROOM*, feeld'-room. re. s. Unobstructeu room ; open space. Drayton. \ FI'ELDSPORTS*, feeid'-sp6rts. re. s. Diversions of 1 shooting and hunting. Ld. Chesterfield. \ FFELDY* feel'-de. a. Open like a field. Wicliffe FIENDS, feend. 275. re. s. [pienb, Sax.] An enemy, the great enemy of mankind ; the devil. Wictiffe. Any infernal beine^. B. Jonson. FI'ENDFUL*, feend'-ful. a. Full of evil or devilish practices. Marlowe. FI'ENDLIKE*, feend'-llke. a. Resembling a fiend ; extremely wicked. Warton. FIERCE §, feerse, or ffirse. [feerse, Perry and Jones ; f erse, Sheridan.'] a. [fier, Fr.] Savage ; ravenous • easily enraged. Job,x. Vehement in rage ; eager of mischief. Pope. Violent; outrageous. Gen. xlix. Passionate; angry; furious. Locke. Strong; forcible. James, iii. $5= The first mode of pronouncing this word is the most general ; the second is heard chiefly on the stage. Ac- tors, who have such continual occasion to express the passions, feel a propriety in giving a short vowel sound to a word denoting a rapid and violent emotion ; and therefore, though this pronunciation may be said to be grammatically improper, it is philosophically right. — See Cheerful. W. Fl'ERCELY, feerse'-le, or ferse'-le. ad. Violently furiously. Bacon. FIERCEMI'NDED*, feerse'-mlnd-ed. a. Vehement in rage; eager of mischief. 2 Mace. vi. 18. Bp Wilson's Bible. FI'ERCENESS, feerse'-n^s, or ferse'-nes. re. s. Fe- rocity ; savageness. Swift. Eagerness for blood , fury. Sidney. Quickness to attack ; keenness in anger and resentment. Shak. Violence ; outrage- ous passion. Dryden. Vehemence 3 hasty force. FIERIFA'CIAS, fi-e-re-fa'-shus. 88. re. s. [In law.] A judicial writ for him that has recovered in an action of debt or damages, to the sheriff, to com- mand him to levy the debt, or the damages. Coioel. FI'ERINESS, fl'-er-e-nes. n.s. Hot qualities; heat; acrimony. Boijle. Heat of temper; intellectual ardour. Addison. FI'ERYv, fi'-er-e. a. [from fire] Consisting of fire. Spenser. Hot like fire. Slmk. Vehement ; ardent 3 active. Shak. Passionate 3 outrageous; easily provoked. Toiler. Unrestrained; "fierce. SlwJc. Heated by fire. Hooker. Glaring like fire. Sit T. Elyot. FIFE§, fife. n.s. [fifire, Fr.] A pipe blown to the drum. Shakspeare. FI'FER*, fi'-fur. re. s. One who plays on the fife. FI'FTEEN, flf-teen. a. [pypfcyne, Sax.] Five and ten. Slmkspeare. FI'FTEENTH, f?f-teen*/i. a. [pipfceoSa, Sax.] The ordinal of fifteen; the fifth after the tenth. Bacon. FIFTHS, ffftfc. a. [pipfca, Sax.] The ordinal of five; the next to the fourth. Dryden. All the ordinals are taken elliptically for the part which they ex- press : a fifth, a fifth part 3 a third, a third part. Swift. FI'FTHLY, f?fi7i'-le. ad. In the fifth place. Bacon. FI'FTIETH, flf'-ih-kh. 279. a. The ordinal of fifty Newton. FI'FTY, fif-te. a. [pipfci£, Sax.] Five tens. Locke. FIGS, fig. n.s. [ficus, Lat.] A tree that bears figs. Pope. The fruit of the fig-tree. Bacon.— A fig for you. See Fico. To FIG, fig. v. a. To insult with ficoes or contempt- uous motions of the fingers. Slmk. To put some- thing useless into one's head. L'Estrange. To FIG*, fig. v. re. [fika, Su. Goth.] To move sud denly or quickly. Sylvester. j FIGA'RY*, fe-ga'-re. n. s. [a corruption of rago~i; \ A frolick ; a wild project. M. Geades. 382 FIG FIL -n6, move, nor, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull; — 6?1 5 — pdCind 3 — thin, THis. FFGAPPLE, fig'-ap-pl. 405. n. s. A fruit. Morti- FIG-GNAT. fi£ s. An insect of the fly kind. ig'-nat. n. To FIGHT'S, The. v. n. preter. fought ; part, pass fought, [peohfcan, Sax.] T- contend in battle; to war; to make war; to battle; to contend in arms. Shale. To combat ; to duel ; to contend in single fight. 2 Esdr. xiii. To act as a soldier in any case. Shak. To contend. Sandys. To FIGHT, f he. v. a. To war against ; to combat against. Dry den. FIGHT, f ite. n. s. Battle. Milton. Combat ; duel. Dryden. Something to screen the combatants in ships. Dryden. FFGHTER, fi'-tfir. n. s. A warriour ; a duellist. Shakspeare. FFGHTING, fl'-flng. part. a. Qualified for war; fit for battle. 2 Chron. xxvi. Occupied by war. Pope. FFGHTING*, fl'-tlng. n. s. Contention ; quarrel ; combat. 2 Cor. vii. FFGLEAF*, fig'-leef. n.s. A leaf of the fig-tree; a flimsy covering. Genesis, Hi. FFGMARIGOLD, Hg'-mar-e-g&d. n. s. A plant. Miller. FIGMENT, ffg'-ment. n.s, [fgmentum, Lat.] An invention; a fiction; the idea feigned. Brown. FFGPECKER, fig'-pek-ur. n. s. A bird. FI'GTREE*, flgMre. n. s. The tree that bears figs. Psalm cv. FFGULATE, flg'-u-late. 91. a. [fgulus, Lat.] Blade of potters' clay. FFGURABLE $, fig'-u-ra-bl. a. [fguro, Lat.] Ca- pable of being brought to a certain form, and re- tained in it. Thus lead is fgurabk, but not water. Bacon. FIGURABFLITY, fig-o-ra-bfr'-e-te. n. s. The qual- ity of being capable of a certain and stable form FFGURAL, ffig'-u-ral. a. Represented by delinea- tion. Brown. FFGURATE, f?g'-u-rate. 91. a. [fguratus, Lat.] Of a certain and determinate form. Bacon. Re- sembling any thing of a determinate form; as, figurate stones, retaining the forms of shells in which "they were formed by the deluge. Not literal; figurative. Bale. FFGURATED*, fig'-u-ra-ted. a. Representing some geometrical figure. Potter. FIGURATION, ffg-u-ra'-shun. n.s. Determination to a certain form. Bacon. The act of giving a certain form. Bacon. Mixture of concords and discords in musick. Gregory. FIGURATIVE, flg'-u-ra-tlv. a. [fguratif-ve, Fr.] Representing something else ; typical ; represen- tative. Hooker. Not literal. Siillingfeet. Full of figures ; full of rhetorical exornations. Dryden. FIGURATIVELY, fig'-u-ra-tiv-le. ad. By a figure ; in a sense different from that which words original- ly imply ; not literally. Hammond. FFGURE §. f Jg'-ure. n. s. [figura, Lat.] The form of any thing as terminated by the outline. Bacon. Shape ; form ; semblance. Isaiah, xliv. Person ; external form ; appearance, mean or grand. Addi- son. Distinguished appearance ; eminence ; re- markable character. Addison. Magnificence ; splendour. Law. A statue ; an image ; something formed in resemblance of somewhat else. Addison. Representations in painting. Dryden. Arrange- ment ; disposition ; modification. Watts. A char- acter denoting a number. Sliak. The horoscope ; the diagram of the aspect of the astrological houses. Siwtk. [In theology.] Type ; representative. Ro- mans, v. [In rhetorick.] Any mode of speaking in which words are detorted from their literal and primitive sense. In strict acceptation, the change of a word is a trope, and any affection of a sentence a.figui-e ; but they are confounded even by the exact- est writers. Locke. [In grammar.] Any devia- tion from the rules of analogy or syntax. O^p There is a coarse and a delicate pronunciation of this word and its compounds The first is such a pronun- ciation as makes the w short and shot, as if written Jiggur : the last preserves the sound of u open, as if y were prefixed, fig-yure. That this is the true sound of open u, see Principles, No. 8. W To FFGURE, flg'-ure. v. a. To form into any de terminate shape. Bctcon. To show by a corpo- real resemblance. Spemer. To cover or adorn with figures. Shak. To diversify; to variegate with adventitious forms or matter. Shak. To rep- resent by a typical or figurative resemblance. Hooker. To image in the mind. Temple. T:> prefigure ; to foreshow. Shak. To form figura • tively ; to use in a sense not literal. Locke. To not« by characters. Dryden. To FFGURE*, flg'-ure. v.n. To make a figure Bolingbroke. FJGURE-C ASTER*, fig'-ure-kas-tur. n. s. A pretender to astrology. Milton. F1GURE-FLINGER, ffg'-ure-flfng-ur. n. s. A pre tender to astrology and prediction. Collier. FFGWORT, ffg'-wfirt. n.s. [picpypfc, Sax.] A plant. Miller. FILACEOUS, fe-laAshus. 357. a. [flum, Lat.] Consisting of threads. Bacon. FFLACER, f fl'-a-sfir. 98. n. s. [ftazarim, low Lat.] An officer in the Common Pleas, so called, because he files those writs whereon he makes process, Harris. FFLAMENT §, fll'-a-ment. n. s. [flamenta, Lat.] A slender thread; a body slender and long like a thread. Brown. FILAMENTOUS*, fll-a-men'-tus. a. Like a slen- der thread. The Student. FFLANDER*. See Felanders. FFLBERT, fil'-bfirt. 98. n. s. A fine hazel nut with a thin shell. Bacon. To FILCH §, f fish. v. a. To steal ; to take by theft , to pilfer ; usually spoken of petty thefts. Spender. FFLCHER, flish'-fir. 98. n. s. A thief; a petty rob- ber. Beaumont and Fletcher. FFLCHINGLY*, fn'-tshing-le. ad. In a thievish manner. Sherwood. FILE $, file. n. s. [flum, Lat.] A thread. Wotlon. A line on which papers are strung to keep them - in order. Bacon. A catalogue ; roll ; series. Shak. A line of soldiers ranged one behind another. SJiak. [peol. Sax.] An instrument to rub down prominences. Moxon. Style ; manner of writing : a Latinism. Spenser. FFLECUTTER, f ile'-kut-fir. n. s. A maker of files. Moxon. To FILE, file. v. a. To string upon a thread or wire. Fanshawe. [peolan, Sax.] To cut with a file Hooker. To smooth ; to polish. Spenser, [apy- lan, Sax.] To foul ; to sully. Spenser. To FILE, file. v. n. To march in a file, not abreast, but one behind another. Taller. To rank with. To be strung, as it were, upon the same thread. Beaumont and Fletcher. FFLEMOT, fil'-e-mot. n. s. [feueille-morl, Fr.] A brown or yellow-brown colour. Swift. FFLER,fiMur. 98. n. s. One who files'; one who uses the file in cutting metals. Sherwood. FI'LIAL $, fil'-yal. 113. a. [flius, Lat.] Pertaining to a son ; befitting a son. Sidney. Bearing the character or relation of a son. Milton. FILIATION, fll-e-a'-sh&u. n. s. The relation of a son to a father; correlative to paternity. Hale. FFLIBEG*. See Fielibeg. FPLIGRANE§*, fn'-e-grane. )n. s. [flum and FFLIGREEHV£§*,tlF-egre. S granum, Lat.] Work, curiously wrought, in the manner of little threads or grains, usually in geld and silver ; a kind of wire-work. Tatler. Swinburne. FFLIGRAINED*, fil'-e-gran'd. a. Whatever is made of silver wire-work. FFLINGS, f'iMfngz. n. s. Fragments rubbed off by the action of the file. Brown. To FILL §, Ml. v. a. [pyllan, Sax.] To store till no more can be admitted. St. John. To store abun- dantly. Milton. To satisfy; to content. Milton, To glut; to surfeit. Shak.— To fill out. To pour out liquor for drink. To extend by something con tained. Dryden. To fill up To make full. Pope 3*83 FIN FIN (LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mk ;— pine, pin ;— To supply. Addison. To occupy by bulk. Bur- net. To engage 5 to employ. Shakspeare. To FILL, HI. v. n. To give to drink. Rev. xviii. To grow full. To e^lutj to satiate. Bacon. — To Jill up. To grow full. Woodward. FILL, tll.n.s. As much as may produce complete satisfaction. Spenser. [More properly thill.] The place between the shafts of a carriage. Morti- mer. FFLLER, fll'-lur. n. s. Any thing that fills up room without use. Dryden. One whose employment is to fill vessels of carriage. Mortimer. One who stores abundantly. Beaumont and Fletcher. FFLLET§, filMlt. 99. n. s. [filet, Fr.] A band tied round die head or other part. Drijden. The fleshy part of the thigh: applied commonly to veal. Dryden. Meat rolled together, and tied round. Swift. [In architecture.] A little member which appears in the ornaments and mouldings, and is otherwise called lislel. Exod. xxvii. To FFLLET, fil'-llt. v. a. To bind with a bandage or fillet. Sir T. Herbert. To adorn with an as- tragal. Ex. xxxviii. FFLL1BEG*, fll'-le-beg. n. s. [filkadh-beg, Gael.] A little plaid; a dress, reaching only to the knees, worn in the Highlands of Scotland, instead of breeches. Johnson. FFLLING*, fll'-llng. n. s. Supply. Bentky. The act of growing full. Sliarp. To FILLIP §, filMip. v. a. To strike with the nail of the finger by a sudden spring or motion. Shah. FFLLIP, fflMlp. n. s. A jerk of the finger let go from the thumb. Beaumont and Fletclier. FFLLY, f ll'-le. n. s. [fijilog, Welsh.] A young mare : opposed to a colt, or young horse. Sliak. A wan- ton girl ; a flirt. Beaumont and Fletcher. FILM $, film. n. s. [pilm, Sax.] A thin pellicle or skin. Bacon. To FILM, film. v. a. To cover with a pellicle or thin skin. Shakspeare. FFLMY, f Il'-me. a. Composed of thin membranes or pellicles. Sir H. Wotion. To FFLTER§, fll'-tur. v. a. [filtro, low Lat.] To defecate by drawing off liquor by depending threads. To strain; to percolate. Grew. FFLTER, fll'-tur. n. s. [filtrum, Lat.] A twist of thread, of which one end is dipped in the liquor to be defecated, and the other hangs below the bot- tom of the vessel, so that the liquor drips from it. A strainer ; a searce. Ray. FILTH§, fM. n. s. [ F ilS, Sax.] Dirt; nastiness. Bacon. Corruption; pollution. Tillotson. FFLTHILY, fM'-e-le. ad. Nastily ; foully ; grossly. Burton. FFLTHINESS, fll*/i'-e-ngs. n. s Nastiness; foul- ness ; dirtiness. Sidney. Corruption ; pollution. South. FFLTHY, fM'-e. a. Nasty; foul; dirty. Sltakspeare. Gross ; polluted. Dryden. To FFLTRATE§, fll'-trate. 91. v. a. To strain; to percolate ; to filler. Arbulhnot. FILTRATION, fll-tra'-shun. n. s. A method by which liquors are procured fine and clear. Boyle. FFMBLE Hemp, fim'-bl-he'mp. n. s. [corrupted from female.] The light summer hemp, that bears no seed. Mortimer. To FFMBRIATE*, flm'-bre-ate. v. a. [fimbriatus, Lat.] To fringe ; to hem. Fuller. FIN}, fin. n.s. [pin, Sax.] The wing of a fish ; the limb by which he balances his body, and moves in the water. More. FIN-FOOTED, fln'-fut-ed. a. Palmipedous; having feet with membranes between the toes. Brown. FFNABLE, fl'-ni-bl. 405. a. That admits a fine ; that deserves a fine. Bacon. FI'NAL§, fl'-nal. 88. a. [finalis, Latj Ultimate; last. Milton. Conclusive ; decisive. Bacon. Mor- tal ; destructive. Spenser. Respecting the end or motive. Hooker. FFNALLY, fl'-nal-e. ad. Ultimately ; lastly ; in con- clusion. Milton. Completely j without recovery. Davies. \\ FINANCE, fe-nanse'. n. 5. [Fr.] Revenue; in come ; profit. Bacon.. FINANCIAL*, fe-nan'-shal. a. Respecting finance. Burke. FINANCIER, fln-nan-seer'. 357. n. s. [Fr.] One who collects or farms the publick revenue; one who understands the publick revenue. Bacon. FFNARY, fl'-na-re. n.s. [from To fine.] In the iron works, the second forge at the iron mills. Diet. FINCH, flash, n. s. [pine, Sax.] A small bird, of which we have three kinds, the goldfinch, chaffinch, and bullfinch. Shakspeare. To FIND $, find. v. a. [pinban, Sax.] To obtain by searching or seeking. St. Matt. vii. To obtain something lost. St. Luke, xv. To obtain something desired. Milton. To meet with ; to fall upon. Pope To know by experience. Cowley. To come to ; to attain. Milton. To discover by study. Spenser. To discover what is hidden. Cowley. To hit on by chance ; to perceive by accident. Cowley. To gain by any mental endeavour. Milton. To remark ; to observe. Milton. To detect ; to deprehend ; to catch. Locke. To reach ; to attain. Job, iii. To meet. Cowley. To settle ; to fix any thing in one's own opinion. Cowley. To determine by judicial verdict. Bacon. To supply ; to furnish. Bacon. [In law.] To approve ; as, to find a bill. Blackstone. To purpose ; to find in one's heart. Spenser. — To find himself . To be; to fare, with regard to ease or pain. L' Estrange. To find out. To unriddle, to solve. Ecclus. xiii. To discover something hid- den. Job, ii. To obtain the knowledge of. Dryden. To invent ; to excogitate. 2 Chron. ii. FFNDER, flnd'-ur. n.s. One that meets or falls upon any thing. Shak. One that picks up any thing lost Donne. A discoverer; an inventer. Sidney. FINDFA'ULT, flnd'-falt. n. s. A censurer ; a cavil ler. Sluxkspeare. FINDFA/ULTING*. flnd'-falt-lng. a. Cavilling, captious. Wliitlock. FFNDING*, flnd'-mg. n. s. Discovery by study. Ex clus.xin. Discovery by chance. Shak. [Inlaw.] The return made by the jury to the bill of indictment. FFNDY, fln'-de. a. [£epmbi#, Sax.] Flump weighty; firm; solid. Junius. Ob. J. FINE §, fine. a. [fine, Fr.J Not coarse. Spenser. Re fined ; pure ; free from dross. Ezra, viii. Subtile ; thin ; tenuous. Bacon. Refined ; subtilely excogi- tated. Bacon. Keen; thin; smoothly sharp. Bacon. Clear ; pellucid ; transparent. B. Jonson. Nice ; exquisite ; delicate. Davies. Artful ; dexterous. Bacon. Fraudulent ; sly ; knavishly subtle. Spen- ser. Elegant; beautiful in thought or language. Dryden. Applied to person, it means beautiful with dignity. Spence. Accomplished; elegant of manners. Felton. Showy ; splendid. Pope. Iron- ically. Something that will serve the purpose; something worth contemptuous notice. Shak. Ta per ; slender. Prior. FINE, fine. n. s. [Jin, Cimbr.] A mulct; a pecunia- ry punishment. Davies. Penalty. Shak. Forfeit; money paid for any exemption or liberty. Sliak. [finis, Lat.] The end ; conclusion; used adverbial- ly, in fine. Sidney. To FINE, fine. v. a. To refine ; to purify. Prov. xvii. To embellish ; to decorate. Shak. To make less coarse. Mortimer. To make transparent. Morti- mer. To punish with pecuniary penalty. Locke. To FINE, fine. v. n. To pay a fine. Oldham. To FFNEDRAW, flne'-draw. v. a. [fine and draw.] To sew up a rent with so much nicety that it is not perceived. FINEDRA'WER, flne'-draw-ur. n. s. One whose business is to sew up rents. FINEFFNGERED, flne'-flng-gurd. a. Nice; artful ; exquisite. Spenser. FFNELESS*, flne'-l^s. a. [fine and less.] Unbound ed ; endless. Shakspeare. FFNELY, flne'-le. ad. Beautifully ; elegantly. Addi son. Keenly; sharply; with a thin edge or point. Peacham. Not coarsely ; not meanly ; gayly. Bacon. In small parts; subtilely; not grossly. Boyle. Iron] FIN FIR — n6, mSve, nor, not; — tube, tQb, b≪ — 6?1; — p6und; — tlun, THis. cally : wretchedly. South. Subtly; artfuliy. Wot- ton. In a great degree ; completely ; purely. H. Earl of Clarendon. FINENESS, flne'-nes. n. s. Elegance ; beauty; del- icacy. Sidney. Show ; splendour ; gayety of ap- pearance. Boyle. Subtilty; artfulness ; ingenuity. Bp. Taylor. Purity : freedom from dross or base mixtures. Bacon. Smoothness ; not coarseness. Drayton. FINER, fl'-niV. 98. n.s. One who purifies metals. Proverbs, xxv. FINERY, fl'-nfir-e. 557. ». s. Show; splendour of appearance ; gayety of colours. Southern. The name of a forge at iron-works. FINESPO'KEN*, flne-s™V-kn. a. Using a number of fine phrases. Lord Chesterfield. FINESPUN*, fhie'-sp&n. a. Ingeniously contrived; artfully invented. Lowth. FINESSE, fe-neV. 126. n.s. |Fr.] Artifice ; strata- gem. Hat/ward. FINGER§, ffng'-gur. 381. n. s. [pm^eji, Sax.] The flexible member of the hand by which men catch and hold. Ray. A small measure of exten- sion ; the breadth of a finger. Wilkins. The hand ; the instrument of work. Waller. To FFNGER, fing'-gur. v. a. To touch lightly; to toy with. Shak. To touch unseasonably or thiev- ishly. Slialc. To touch an instrument of musick. Shale. To handle without effort or violence. Bp. Hall. To perform any work exquisitely with the fingers. FINGERBOARD*, f?ng'-gur-b6rd. n. s. The board at the neck of a fiddle, guitar, or the like, where the fingers operate on the strings. A. Wood. FINGERED*, fmg'-gurd. a. Having fingers. Shel- ton. FTNGERFERN, flng'-gar-fern. n. s. A plant. FINGERING* fing'-g&r-lng. n. s. The act of touch- ing lightly, of toying with. Grew. The manner of touching an instrument of musick. Sluzk. Work exquisilively performed with the fingers. Spenser. FINGERSTONE, flng / -gfir-st6ne. n. s. A fossil re- sembling an arrow. FINGLEFANGLE, ffng'-gl-fang'-gl. n.s. A trifle; a burlesque word. Hudibras. FINICA.L §, fin'-e-kal. a. [from Jine.] Nice ; foppish. Slmkspeare. FIN1CALLY, fin'-e-kal-e. ad. Foppishly. FINICALNESS, f'm'-e-kal-nes. n. s. Superfluous nicety ; foppery. Warburton. To FPN1SH $, fln'-lsh. v. a. [fnio, Lat.] To bring to the end purposed ; to complete. St. Luke, xiv. To make perfect. Broome. To perfect; to polish to the excellency intended. Blackmore. To end ; to put an end to. FINISH*, fln'-lsh. n. s. The last touch or polish of the composition. FINISHER, flh'-ish-ur. n.s. Performer; accom- plishes Slvik. One that puts an end ; ender. Hooker. One that completes or perfects. Heb. xii. FINISHING*, fln'-lsh-lng. n. s. Completion. 1 Esdr. v. The last touch of a composition. Warburton. FINITE $, f I'-nlte. 126. a. [finitus, Lat.] Limited ; bounded; terminated. Locke. FINITELESS, fl'-nlle-les. a. Without bounds ; un- limited. Brown. FINITELY, f I'-nlte-le. ad. Within certain limits ; to a certain degree. Stilling fleet. FINITENESS, f l'-nite-n&. n. s. Limitation ; con- finement within certain boundaries Norris. FINITUDE, iln'-e-tude. n. s. Limitation ; confine- ment within certain boundaries. Clieyne. FINLESS. ffn'-les. a. [from>.] Wanting fins. Shakspeare. FIN LIKE, fm'-llke. a. Formed in imitation of fins. Dryden. FINNED, find. 362. a. Having broad edges spread out on either side. Mortimer. FINNIKIN*, fln'-rie-kln. n. s. A particular species of pigeon. Chambers. FINNY, f In'-ne. a. Furnished with fins ; formed for the element of water. Dryden, FINTOED, f1n'-t6de. a. Palmipedous ; haviDg » membrane between the toes. Ray. FI'NOCHIO, fe-n lightness. Bp. Hopkins. FLl'TTING, ihV-tlng. n.s. An offence j a wande* ingj a desert. Psalm. Removal. Grose. FLI TTY*, fllf-te. a. Unstable. More. Oh. T. FL1X, fllks. n. s. Down; fur; soft hair, [corrupted from flax.] Dryden. Dysentery. FLFXWOOD, fllks'-wiid. n. s. A plant. FLO*, fl6. n. s. [pla, Sax.] An arrow. Chaucer Ob. T. ' To FLOAT §, flote. 295. v. n. [pleotan, Sax.] To swim on the surface of the water. Shak. To move without labour in a fluid. Drvden. To pass with a light, irregular course. Locke. To FLOAT, flote. v. a. To cover with water. Dnj- den. FLOAT, flote. h. s. The act of flowing ; the flux. Hooker. Anv body so contrived or formed as to swim upon the water. 1 Esdras, v. The cork or quill by which the angler discovers the bite of a fish. Walton. A cant word for level. Mortimer. One who floats or sails A wave. Sliakspeare. FLO'ATER*, flo'-tur. n. i upon. Eusden. FLOATING*, fld'-tlng. n. s. The act of being con- veyed by the stream. Wliitlock. FLO'ATY, flo'-te. a. Buoyant and swimming on the surface. Raleigh. FLOCKS., flok. n. s. [plocc, Sax.] A company ; usu- ally a company of birds or beasts. Shaw. A com- pany of sheep, distinguished from herds, which are of oxen. Milton. A body of men. 2 Mace. xiv. {From floccus.] A lock of wool. Dryden. To FLOCK, flok. v. n. To gather in crowds or larga numbers. Knolles. FLO'CKLY*, flok'-le. ad. In a body; in a heap. Huloet. Ob. T. To FLOG, flog. v. a. [flagnim, Lat] To lash 3 to whip. Swift. j FLONG, old part. pass, from fling. ' FLOOD §, flud. 308. n.s. [plob, Sax] A body of water; the sea 3 a river. Psalm lxxii. A deluge; an inundation. Slutk. Flow; flux ; the spelling of a river by rain or inland flood. Davies. The gen- eral delude. Broun. Catamenia. Harvey. To FLOOD, flud. v. a. To deluge ; to cover with waters. Mortimer. FLO ODGATE, flud'-gatc. n. s. Gate or shutter by which the water course is closed or opened. Sidney. FLOODMARK* flfid'-mark. n. s. High-water mark ; the mark which the sea makes on the shore at flowing water, and the highest tide. FLOOK, flook. 30G. n. s. [pflug, Germ.] The broad part of the anchor which takes hold of the ground. A flounder; a flat river fish. FLOORS, nore. 310. n.s. [plop, plope, Sax.] The pavement : a pavement is always of stone, the floor of wood or stone. Sidney. A story ; a flight of rooms. B. Jonson. To FLOOR, flore. v. a. To cover the bottom with a floor. 2 Chron. xxxiv. FLO'ORING, nW-rlng n. s. Bottom ; pavement Wotton. To FLOP, flop. ». a. [from flap.] To clap the wings with noise. V 'Estrange. FLORAL, flc-'-ral. a. [floraiis,l,3.t.] Relating to Flora, or to flowers. Prior. FLO'REN, flor'-ln. n. s. A gold coin of Edward III. F. Tliynne. FLORENCE, flor'-ense. n. s. [from the city Flo- rence.] A kind of cloth. Diet. A kind of wine im- ported from Florence. A gold coin of Edward III. in value six shillings. Camden. FLORENTINE*, fl6r(-en-tlne. n.s. A native of Florence. A sort of silk so named. FLO'RET, fl6'-ret. n. s. [fleurette, FrJ A small lm perfect flower. A foil, [floret, Fr.] Government Oj the Tongue. FLO'RIAGE*, fl6'-re-aje. n. s. [flon, Fr.] B.ocm blossom. J. Scott. 391 FLO FLO (LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, m^tj— pine, pin j- FLO'RID $, florid. 544. a. [floridus, Lat.] Produc- tive of flowers 5 covered with flowers. Sir T. Brown. Bright in colour 3 flushed with red. Bp. Taylor. Embellished ; splendid 3 brilliant with decorations. Dryden. FLORl'DITY, fi6-rld'-e-te. n.s. Freshness of colour. Floyer. FLORIDLY*, fl6r'-id-le. ad. In a showy and im- posing- way. A. Wood. FLO'RIDNESS, flor'-?d-nSs. n. s. Freshness of col- our. Evelyn. Vigour 3 spirit. FeWxam. Embel- lishment; ambitious elegance. Boyle. FLORFFEROUS, fl6-ritMe-rfis 518. a. [florifer, Lat.] Productive of llowers. FLO' KIN, flor'-in. n. s. [Fr.] A coin first made by the Florentines. That of Germany is in value "Is. id. 3 that of Spain 4s. id. halfpenny ; that of Pa- lermo and Sicily 2s. 6d. 3 that of Holland 2s. Ay- litje. FLO'RIST, flo'-^st. n. s. [Jleuriste, Fr.] A cultiva- tor of flowers. Sir H. Wotton. 05= Why we should pronounce florist and floret with the long 0, a.nd florid and florin with the short sound of that letter, cannot easily he guessed. They are all from the same original, are ail anglicised, and consist but of two syllables ; and the only thing that can be gathered from them, is, the uncertainty of arguing from the Latin quantity to ours. — See Drama, and Principles, No. 544. W. FLO'RULENT, flor'-u-ient. a. Flowery; blossom- ing. FLO'SCULOUS, flos'-ku-lus. a. [flosculus, Lat.] Composed of flowers. FLO'TA§*,fl6'-ia. n.s. [Spanish.] A fleet cf ships which carry out the goods of Europe to the ports of America, and bring back the produce of Mexico, Peru, and other places. Burke. FLO'TAGE*, fld'-iaje. n. s. [Jlotage, Fr.] That which floats on the top of the sea, or great rivers. Chambers. To FLOTE, fl6te. v. a. To skim. Tusser. FLOTPLLA*, fl6-tll / -la. n. s. Any number of small vessels. FLOTSON, FLOTZAM, or FLOATSAM, fl6t'- sfin, or flot'-zam. n. s. Goods that swim without an owner on the sea. Blacksione. FLO'TTEN, flot'-tn. part. Skimmed. Skinner. To FLOUNCE §, flSunse. 312. v.n. [plonsen, Dutch.] To move with violence in the water or mire 5 to struggle or dash in the water. Addison. To move with weight and tumult. Prior. To move with passionate agitation. Swift. To FLOUNCE, flSunse. v. a. To deck with flounces. Addison. FLOUNCE, flSunse. n. s. Any thing sewed to the garment, and hanging loose, so as to swell and shake. Guardian. A dash in the water. FLO'UNDER, fldun'-d&r. 312. n. s. [flynder, Dan.] A small flat fish. Camden. To FLO'UNDER, floun'-dur. v. n. [from flounce] To struggle with violent and irregular motions. Dryden. FLOUR*, flour, n. s. The edible part of corn 5 the meal. FLO'URET*. See Floweret. To FLOURISH §, flur'-rfsh. 314. v.n. [floreo, Lat.] To be in vigour 3 not to fade. Psalm xcii. To be in a prosperous state. Dryden. To use florid lan- guage. Watts. To describe various figures by intersecting lines. Pope. To boast 3 to brag. [In musick.] To play some prelude without any settled rule. Barret. To FLO'URISH, flfir'-rlsh. v. a. To adorn with vegetable beauty. Fenton. To adorn with figures of needle-work. To work with a needle into fig- ures. Bacon. To move any thing in quick circles or vibi ations. Crashaw. To adorn with embellish- ments of language. Bacon. To adorn 3 to embel- lish. Shakspeare. FLO'URISH, fhV-rfsh. n.s. Vigour 5 state of strength or prosperity. Howell. Bravery 5 beauty. Slutk. An ostentatious embellishment 3 ambitious copious- ness. Bacon. Figures formed by lines curiously or wantonly drawn. Boyle. A kind of musical pre lude. Crasliaw. A blossom. Grose. FLO'URISHER, fhV-r?sh-&r. n. s. One that is in prime or prosperity. Chapman. FLOURISHINGLY*, fl&r'-rlsh-lng-le. ad. Ostenta tiously. Bale. In an embellished manner of speak- ing. Barret. To FLOUTS, fldut. 312. v. a. [ F htan, Sax] To mock } to insult ; to treat with mockery and con- tempt. Shakspeare. To FLOUT, fldfit. v.. n. To practise mockery 3 to be- have with contempt ; to sneer. Sluxkspeare. FLOUT, flout. 71. s. A mock 5 an insult 3 a word or act of contempt. Bacon. FLOWER, fiW-tfir. n.s. One who jeers. Burton. FLOUTINGLY* fldut' -fng-le. ad. In an insulting manner. To FLOW §, fld. 324. v. n. [jrlopan. Sax.] To rue or spread as water. Swift. To run : opposed to standing waters. Dryden. To rise; not to ebb Shak. To melt. Isaiah, lxiv. To proceed ; to is- sue. Slutk. To glide smoothly, without asperity. Hakewill. To write smoothly 5 to speak volubly. Dryden. To abound 3 to be crowded. Chapman. To be copious 5 to be full. Shak. To hang loose and waving. Spectator. To FLOW, 116. v. a. To overflow j to deluge. Mor~ timer. FLOW, fl6. n. s. The rise of water ; not the ebb. Brown. A sudden plenty or abundance. Pope. A stream of diction; volubility of tongue. South. FLO'WER $, fldMr. 98, 323. n. s. [fleur, Fr.] The part of a plant which contains the seeds. Miller. An ornament ; an embellishment. Clarendon. The prime ; the flourishing part. Pope. The edible f>art of corn; the meal. Spenser. The most excel- ent or valuable part of anything; quintessence. Hooker. That which is most distinguished for any thing valuable. Shakspeare. See Flour. FLO' WER de Luce, fl6-u'-fir-de-luse'. n. s. [fleur-de- lis, Fr.] A bulbous iris. Miller. To FLOWER, fl6u'-ur. v. n. [fleurir, Fr.] To be in flower 5 to bloom. Spenser. To be in the prime 3 to flourish. Spenser. To froth; to ferment; to mantle. Bacon. To come as cream from the sur- face. Milton. To FLOWER, fl6u'-ur. v. a. To adorn with fic- titious or imitated flowers. FLOWER-GENTLE*, fl6u'-ur-jen'-tl. n. s. A spe- cies of amaranth. B. Jonson. FLOWER-INWOVEN*, fl8u'-ur-m-w6'-vn. a. Adorned with flowers. Milton. FLO'WERAGE, fldu'-fir-aje. n.s. Store of flowers. Diet. FLOWERET, fl6u'-0r-et. n. s. [fleuret, Fr.] A flower ; a small flower. Spenser. FLO'WERGARDEN, fl6il'-ur-gar-dn. n.s. A gar- den in which flowers are principally cultivated Mortimer. FLO' WERINESS, fl6u'-ur-e-nes. n. s. The state of abounding in flowers. Cotgrave. Floridness of speech. FLO'WERING*, flS&'-ur-fng. n. s. State of blossom, A sort of froth. Bacon. FLO'WERINGBUSH, flou'-ur-?ng-bush. n. s. A flant. O' WERLESS*, flou'-fir-les. a. Without a flower Chaucer. FLOWERY, fl6u'-nr-e. a. Full of flowers; adorned with flowers, real or fictitious. Milton. FLOWERY-KIRTLED* flSu'-or-e-keV-tld. a. [floicery and kirtle.~\ Dressed in robes or garlands of flowers. Milton. FLO' WING*, fi6'-mg. n. s. The rise of the water", the flow. Bp. Taylor. FLO'WFNGLY, fl6'-lng-le.atf. With volubility 3 with abundance. Sherwood. FLO'WINGNESS* fl6'-ing-nr.lW. n. s. [Lat.] A fluid state. Newton. Catamenia. FLU'RRY§, flur'-r6. n. s. A gust or storm of wind; a hasty blast. Swift. Hurry ; a violent commo- tion. Swinburne. To FLU'RRY*, flfir'-re. v. a. To keep in agitation; to alarm. Swinburne. To FLUSH $, flush, v. n. \Jluysen, Dutch.] To flow with violence. Ray. To come in haste. Beau- mont and FletcJier. To glow in the skin. Milton. To shine suddenly. Spenser. To FLUSH, flush, v. a. To colour ; to redden. Ad- dison. To elate ; to elevate. South. To put up ; to spring. B. Jonson. FLUSH, flush, a. Fresh ; full of vigour. Shak. Af- fluent ; abounding. Arbuthnot. Conceited ; ele- vated in opinion. Bp. Hopkins. FLUSH, flush, n. s. Afflux; sudden impulse; violent flow. Ray. Cards all of a sort. Bloom ; growth ; abundance. Goldsmith. A term for a number of ducks. Spenser. FL USHER*, flush'-fir. n. s. The lesser butcher bird. Chamhers. FLUSHING* flush'-fng. n. s. Colour in the face by a sudden afflux of blood. Bp. Taylor. To FLU'STER, fl&s'-tflr. v. a. [from To flush.] To make hot and rosy with drinking. Shak. To con- found ; to hurry. Swift. To FLUTTERS*, flus'-t&r. v. n. [flughs, Teut. and Germ.] To be in a bustle ; to make much ado about little. South. FLUTTER*, flus'-tfir. n. s. Sudden impulse ; violent flow. South. FLUTTERED*, fl&s'-turd. a. Heated with liquor ; half drunk. Addison. i FLUTE §, flute, n. s. [flute, Fr.] A musical pipe ; a pipe with stops for the fingers. Dry den. A chan- nel or furrow in a pillar, like the concave of a flute split. To FLUTE, flute, v. n. To play on the flute. Chau- cer. To FLUTE*, flute, v. a. To cut columns into hollows. Co/grave. FLITTER* fliV-lur. n. s. One who plays on the flute. Cotgrave. 7> FLUTTERS, fhV-tur. 98. v. n. [plotepan Sax.] To take short flights with great agitation ot the wings."X>«^. xxxii. To move about with great show and bustle without consequence. Grew. To be moved with quick vibrations or undulations. Pope. To move irregularly. Hovjell. To FLU'TTER, flut'-tur. v. a. To drive in disorder, like a flock of birds suddenly roused. Shak. To hurry the mind. To disorder the position of any thing. Milton. FLUTTER, flut'-tur. n. s. Vibration ; undulation. Addison. Hurry; tumult; disorder of mind. Con- fusion ; irregular position. FLUTTERING*, flut'-tur-mg. n. s. Tumult of mind ; agitation. Thomson. FLUVIA'TICK, flu-ve-ik'-ik. a. [fluviaticus, Lat.] Belonging to rivers. FLUXS, fluks. n. s. [fluxvs, Lat.] The act of flow- ing; passage. Digby. The state of passing awaj' and giving place lio others. Brown. Any flow or issue of matter. Arbuthnot. Dysentery; bloody flux. Halifax. Excrement; that which falls from bodies. Shak. Concourse ; confluence. Shak. The state of being melted. That which, mingled with a body, makes it melt. FLUX, fluks. a. Unconstant ; not durable ; maintain ed by a constant succession of parts. Ld. Boling broke. To FLUX, fluks. r. a. To melt. To salivate ; to evacuate by spitting. South. FLUXA'TION*, fluks-a'-sh&n. n. s. The state of passing away and giving place to others. Leslie. -FLEXIBLE*, fi&ks'-e.-bl. a. Not durable; chang- ing. Howell. FLUXIBI LITY*, fluks-e-bil'-e-te. n. s. Aptness to flow or spread. Cockeram. FLUX1L1TY, fluks-'iF-e-te. n.s. Easiness of sepa- ration of parts. Boyle. FLU'XION, fl&k'-shun. n. s. [fluxio, Lat.] The act of flowing. Cotgrave. The matter that flows. Wiseman. [In mathematieks.] The arithmetick or analysis of infinitely small variable quantities. Hams. FLU'XIONARY*, fluk'-shun-fi-re. a. Relating to mathematical fluxions. Bp. Berkeley. FLU'XIONIST*, fluk'-sh&n-ist. ?i.s. One skilled in the doctrine of fluxions. Bp. Berkeley. FLU'XIVE*. fluks'-iv. a. Flowing with tears. Shak Wanting soliditv. B. Jonson. FLU'XURE*, fluk'-shure. n. s. The act or power o* flowing. B. Jonson. Fluid matter. Dirty ton. To FLY § . fli. pret.flew or fed ; part.jfed or flown,, v. n. [jzleoj'an. Sax.] To move through the air with wings. Gen. i. To pass through the air. Job, v. To pass away. Prior. To pass swiftly. Dryden. To move with rapidity. Dryden. To part with violence. Shak. To break; to shiver; to burst asunder with a sudden explosion. Swift. To run away; to attempt escape. 1 Sam. xxii. — ToflyaL To spring with violence upon ; to fall on suddenly. Bacon. To hawk; to catch birds by means of hawks. Shak. To fly back. To start ; to become restiff, as a horse. To fly in the face. To insult. Swift. To act in defiance. Dryden. To fly off. To revolt. Shak. To fly on. To spring with vio- lense upon ; to fly at. Shale. To fly out. To burst into passion. B. Jonson. To break out into license. Dryden. To start violently from any di- rection. Bentley. To let fly. To discharge. Gran- ville. To be light and unencumbered ; as, a. flying camp. To float in the air; as, colours flying. To FLY, fli. v. a. To shun; to avoid; to decline 393 FOD FOL 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, phy— Shak. To refuse association with. Dryden. To quit by flight. Dry den. To attack by a bird of £>rey. Bacon. To cause to fly, or float in the air. Y, fli. n. s. [pleo£e, Sax.] A small winged in- sect, of many species. Locke. That part of a ma- chine, which, being put into a quick motion, regu- lates the rest. Wilkins. That part of a vane which points how the wind blows. A stage-coach, so called to impress a belief of its extraordinary quick- ness in travelling. A flatterer. Massinger. FLYBITTEN*, flF-bft-tn. a. Stained by the bites of flies. Sluxkspeare. FLYBLOW §* fli'-bl6. n.s. [fly and blow.] The egg of a fly. Beaumont and Fletcher. To FLY 'BLOW, fli'-bl6. v. a. To taint with flies } to fill with maggots. Stillingjleet. FLY BOAT, fliM)6te. n. s. A kind of vessel nimble and light for sailing. Drayton. FLYCATCHER, fli'-katsh-ur. n. s. One that hunts flies. Dryden. FLY'ER, fli'-ur. 98. n. s. One that flies or runs away. Warner. One that uses wings. Goodman. The fly of a jack. To FLY'FISH, fll'-ffsh. v. n. To angle with a hook baited with a fly. Walton. FLY'FLAP* fil'-flap. n. s. A fan or flapper to keep flies off. Slwldon. FLYING-FISH*, fll'-mg-flsh. n. s. A fish of the gurnard kind. Sir T. Herbert. FOAL§, fole. 295. n. s. [pola, Sax.] The offspring of a mare, or other beast of burthen. Spenser. To FOAL, f6le. v. a. To bring forth a foal. Shak. To FOAL, f6le. v. n. To be disburdened of the foe- tus. Mortimer. FO'ALBIT, fole'-blt. ) c Pla . FO'ALFOOT, fole'-fut. \ n ' s ' Plants ' FOAM§, f6me. 295. n. s. [peem, Sax.] The white substance which agitation or fermentation gathers on the top of liquors; froth ; spume. Hos. x. To FOAM*, fome. v. a. To cast out froth ; to throw forth. St. Jude. To FOAM, fome. v. n. To froth ; to gather foam. Sliak. To be in rage ; to be violently agitated. St. Mark, ix. FO'AMINGLY* forne^Ing-le. ad. Slaveringly; frothily. Sherwood. FOAMY, fo'-me. a. Covered with foam; frothy. Sidney. FOB §, fob. n. s. [fuppe, Genn.] A small pocket. Addison. To FOB, f6b. v. a. [fuppen, Germ.] To cheat; to trick ; to defraud. Shak.— To fob off. To shift off; to put aside with an artifice. Slutkspeare. FO'CAL, fo'-kal. 88. a. [from focus.] Belonging to the focus. Derham. FO'CIL, fosMl. n. s. [focile, Fr.] The greater or less bone between the knee and ankle, or elbow and wrist. Wiseman. FOCILLATION, fos-ll-a'-shun. n. s. [focillo, Lat.] Comfort; support. Diet. FO'C US, fo'-kas. n. s. [Lat.] [In opticks.] The fo- cus of a glass is the point of convergence or con- coui-se, where the rays meet and cross the axis .ifter their refraction by the glass. Newton. — Focus of a parabola. A point in the axis within the figure, and distant from the vertex by a fourth part of the parameter. Harris. Focus nf an ellipsis. A point towards each end of the longer axis, from whence two right lines, being drawn to any point in the circumference, shall be together equal to that longer axis. Harris. Focus of the hyperbola. A point in the principal axis, within the opposite hy- perbolas, from which if any two right lines are Hrawn, meeting in either of the opposite hyper- bolas, the difference will be equal to the principal axis. Diet. FO'DDER§, fod'-d&r. n. s. [poftep, Sax.") Dry food stored up for cattle against winter. Knotles. To FO'DDER, fod'-dur. v. a. To feed with dry food. Evelyn. FODDERER, fod'-dur-rur. n.s. He who fodders cattle. Slierwood. , FOE§, f6. 296. n. s. [pah, Sax.] An enemy in was\ Spenser. A persecutor ; an enemy in common life. Shak. An opponent ; an ill-wisher. Watts. To FOE*, f6. v. a. To treat as an enemy. Spenser. Ob. T. FO'EHOOD*, fo'-hud. [pah and hab, Sax.] Enmi- ty. Bp. Bedell. FO'ELIKE*, fiV-llke. a. In the character of an ene- my. Sandys. FO'EMAN, fo'-man. n.s. Enemy in war} antago- nist. Spenser. Ob. J. FO'ETUS, fe'-tus. 296. n. s. [Lat.] The child in the womb after it is perfectly formed } but before, it is called embryo. Quincy. FOG $, fog. n. s. [fog, Dan.] A thick mist } a moist dense vapour near the surface of the land or water Raleigh. FOG, fog. n. s. [fogagium, low Lat.] Aftergrass j which grows in autumn after '.he cay is mown. Drayton. To FOG*, fog. v. a. To overcast } to darken. Shei'- wood. To FOG §*, fog. v. n. [vogue.. Fr.] To have power. FOGAGE*, fog'-aje. n. s. In >ne forest law, rank grass, not eaten in the summer. Chambers. FOGGILY, fog'-ge-ie. 38? ad. Mistily } darkly, cloudily. FOGGINESS, fog'-ge-nes. n. s. The state of being dark or misty ; cloudiness} mistiness. FOGGY, fog'-ge. 383. a. Misty; cloudy j dank, Sidney. Cloudy in understanding} dull. Hay' ward. FOH, foh I inteject. [pab, Sax.] An , interjection of abhorrence. Shakspeare. FO'IBLE*, fde'-bl.a. [Fr.V Weak. Ld. Hubert. FO'IBLE, fde'-bl. 299, 405. n. s. A weak side 3 a blind side ; a failing. Friend. To F01L§, ffll.v.a. [affoler, old Fr.] To put to the worst ; to defeat. Milton, [fouiller, Fr.] To blunt j to dull. Shak. To defeat; to puzzle. Addison. FOIL, foil. 299. n. s. A defeat;, a miscarriage. ShaL [feuille, Fr.] Leaf} gilding. Spenser. Something of another colour, near which jewels are set to raise their lustre. Sidney, [fouiller, Fr.] A blunt sword used in fencing. Sliak. The steel of a looking- glass. Chambers. FO'ILABLE*, foil'-a-bl. a. Which may be foiled. Cotgrave. FO'ILER, fou'-ur. n. s. One who has gained ad- vantage over another. FOILING*, foll'-ing. n. s. Among hunters, the mark., barely visible, where deer have passed over grass. To FOIN §, fob. 299. v. n. [poindre, Fr.] To push in fencing. Spenser. To FOIN*, fo'iu. v. a. To prick ; to sting. Huloet. FOIN, foln. n. s. A thrust } a push. Romnson. FOININGLY, fom'-'mg-le.atf. In a pushing manner. FO'ISON, foe'-zn. 170. n. s. [fusio, Lat.] Plenty ; abundance. Tusser. Ob. J. To FOIST §, foist. 299. v. a. [fausser, Fr.] To insert by forgery ; to falsify. Careiv. FOIST*, foist, n. s. [fuste T o\d Fr.] A light and swifi ship. Beaumont and Fletcher. FO'ISTER*, fofst'-ur. n.s. A falsifier} a liar. Mir- ror for Magistrates. FO'ISTIED^*, fols'-tld. a. Mustied 3 vinnewed. Huloet. FO'ISTINESS, fofs'-te-nes. n.s. Fustiness} moodi- ness. Tusser. FO'ISTY, fols'-te. a. Mouldy ; fusty. Favour, Antiq. Triumph over Novelty. FOLD§, fold. n.s. [palceb.palb, Sax.] The ground in which sheep are confined. Milton. The place where sheep are housed. Numb, xxxii. The flock of sheep. Dryden. A limit } a boundary. Creech. An enclosure of any kind ; as, foldgarth. A double ; a complication; one part added to another. Shak. From the foregoing signification is derived the use of fold in composition. Fold signifies the same quantity added : as, twenty-fold, twenty times re- peated. St. Matt. xiii. 3&4 FOL FOO — no, mSve, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull;-— oil; — pound; — Ih'm, thjs. To FOLD, fold. v.a. To shut sheep in the fold. Milton. To double; to complicate. Heb.'u To enclose ; to include ; to shut. Slmkspeare. To FOLD, told. v. n. To close over another of the same kind. 1 Kings, vi. FO'LDER*, fold'-ur. n.s. One who folds up any thing'. Huloet. FO'LDING*, fold'-mg. n.s. Applied to sheep ; means the keeping- them on arable lands within folds made of hurdles. Bacon. FOLK* See Foal. FOLLVCEOUS, fo-le-a'-sh5s. a. [foliaceus, Lat.] Consisting of laminae or leaves. Woodward. FOLIAGES, fo'-le-adje. 90. n.s. [folium, Lat.] Leaves ; tufts of leaves. Addison. To FOLIAGE*, fo'-le-adje. v.a. To work so as to represent foliage. Drummond. To FOLIATE, fo-Me-ate. v. a. [foliatus, Lat.] To beat into laminae or leaves. Bacon. FOLIATION, fb-le-a'-shfln. n.s. The act of beat- ing into thin leaves. Foliation is one of the parts of the flower, being the collection of those fugacious coloured leaves called petala, which constitute the compass of the flower. Quincy. FOLIATURE, fo'-le-a-tshure. n. s. The state of be- ing hammered into leaves. Shuckford. FO'LIER*, fc-Me-ur. n.s. [foeli, Dutch.] Gold- smith's foil. Hist. R. Soc. FOLIO, ftV-le-6. n. s. [in folio, Lat.] A leaf or page of a book. A large book of which the pages are formed bv a sheet of paper once doubled. Watts. FOLIOMORT, foMe-6-mSrt. a. [folium mortuum, Lat.] A dark yellow ; the colour of a leaf faded ; vulgarly called flemot. Woodward. FOLIOT*, fo'-le-ot. n.s. [foktto, ltal.] A kind of demon. Burton. FOLIOUS*, foMe-fis. a. Leafy ; thin and unsub- stantial as a leaf. Brown. FOLK §, foke. n. s. [pole, Sax. — It is properly a collective noun, and has no plural, but oy modern corruption.] People, in familiar language. Sidney. Nations ; mankind. Ps. lvii. Any kind of people, as discriminated from others. Bacon. f£f* Notwithstanding this word is originally plural, our language is so little used to a plural without s, that folks may now be accounted the best orthography, as it is certainly the only current pronunciation. W. FOLKLAND*, foke'-land. n. s. [ F olclanb, Sax.] Copyhold land. Burke. FO'LKMOTE, foke'-mc-te. n. s. [polcmofc, Sax.] A meeiing of people. Burke FOLLICLE, foF-le-kl. 405 n.s [folliculus, Lat.] A cavity in any body with strong coats. Brown. [In botany.] The seed vessels, capsula seminalis, or case, which some fruits and seeds have over them. Quincy. FO'LLIFUL*, foF-le-ful. a. Full of folly. Shenslone. FO'LLILY^folMe-le.acZ. Foolishly. Wicliffe.Ob. T. To FOLLOW S,foT-l6. 327. v.a. [rol$ian, Sax.] To go after ; not before, nor side by side. Shak. To pursue as an enemy ; to chase. Dryden. To accompany ; not to forsake. Milton. To attend as a dependant. 1 Sam. xvii. To go after. Sidney. To succeed in order of time. Milton. To be con- sequential in argument. Milton. To imitate ; to copy as a pupil. Hooker. To obey ; to observe as a guide. Tillotson. To pursue as an object of de- sire. Hebrews, xii. To confirm by new endeavours. Spenser. To attend to ; to be busied with. Ecclus. To FO'LLOW, foF-16. v. n. To come after another. Jer. xlii. To attend servilely. SJiak. To be pos- terior in time. Milton. To be consequential, as effect \o cause. Locke. To be consequential, as inference to premises. Temple. To continue en- deavours ; to persevere. Hos. vi. FO'LLOWER, fol'-l6-ur. n.s. One who comes after anotner ; not before him, nor side by side. Shak. One who observes a guide. South. An attendant or dependant. Pope. An associate ; a companion. Shak. One under the command of another. Spenser. A scholar; an imitator; a copier. J FOLLY] fol'-le. n. s. [follie, old Fr.] Want of un derstanding; weakness of intellect. Hawkesworth. Criminal weakness ; depravity of mind. Deut. xxii. Act of negligence or passion unbecoming gravity or deep wisdom. Shak. To FOMENTS, fo-meW. v.a. [fomentor, Lat.] To cherish with heat. Milton. To bathe with warm lotions. Arbutlmot. To encourage ; to cherish Wotlon. FOMENTATION, fo-men-ta'-shun. n. s. Partial bathing, called also stuping, which is applying' hot flannels to any part, dipped in medicated decoc- tions. Quincy. The lotion prepared to foment the parts. Arbutlmot. Excitation ; encouragement. Sir H. Wotton. FOME'NTER, fo-men'-trir. n.s. One that foments ; an encourager ; a supporter. Howell. FON, fon. n. s. [faane, Su. Goth, and led.] A fool; an idiot. Spenser. FOND §, fond. a. Foolish ; silly ; indiscreet ; impru dent; injudicious. Hooker. Trifling; valued by folly. Sliak. Foolishly tender ; injudiciously indul- gent. Addison. Pleased in too great a degree ; foolishly delighted. Dryden. To FOND, fond. }v. a. To treat with To FO'NDLE, fon'-dl. 405. ] great indulgence ; to caress ; to cocker. Dryden. To FOND, fond. v. n. To be fond of; to be in love with ; to doat on. Shakspeare. To FOND $* fond. v. n. [punbian, Sax.] To strive ; to try. Gower. Ob. T. FO'NDLER, fon'-dl-ur. n. s. One who fondles. FO'NDLING, f6n'-dl-Ing. n.s. A person or thing much fondled or caressed ; something regarded with great affection. Arbuthnot. A fool. Burton. FO'NDLY, fond'-le. ad. Foolishly; weakly; impru- dently. Shak. With extreme tenderness. Pope. FO'NDNESS, fond'-nes. n. s. Foolishness ; weakness ; want of sense; want of judgement. Spenser. Fool- ish tenderness. Addison.. Tender passion. A - Phillips. Unreasonable liking. Hammond. FONE, fone. n. s. Plural of foe. Spenser. Ob. J. FONT, font. n. s. [fons, Lat.] A stone vessel in which the water for holy baptism is contained in the church. Hooker. [In printing.] An assortment of letters and accents. Boyle. FO'NTANEL, ftW-ta-nel n. s. [fontanelle, Fr.] An issue ; a discharge opened in the body. Bp. Hall. FONTA'NGE, fon-tanje'. n. s. [from the name of the first wearer, Mademoiselle de Foniange.'] A knot of ribands on the top of the head-dress. Ad- dison. Ob. J. FOOD§, food. 10, 306. n.s. [pob,food, Sax.] Victu- als ; provision for the mouth. Prov. xiii. Any thing that nourishes. Shakspeare. To FOOD*, food. v. a. To feed. Barret. Ob. T. FO'ODFUL, food'-ful. a. Fruitful ; full of food ; pleu teous. Sandys. FO'ODLESS*, foSdMes. a. Not affording food; barren. Sandys. FOO'DY, Md'-e. a. Eatable ; fit for food. Chapman. FOOLS, fool. 306. n. s. [fol. Su. Goth, and Icel.] One to whom nature has denied reason; a natural , an idiot. Locke, [hi Scripture.] A wicked man. Psalm xiv. A term of indignity and reproach Dryden. One who counterfeits folly; a buffoon; a jester. Milton. — To play the fool. To plaj pranks like a hired jester; to make sport. Sidney To act like one void of common understanding. 1 Sam,, xxvi. To make a fool of. To disappoint , to defeat. Shakspeare. To FOOL, fool, v. n. To trifle ; to toy ; to play ; to idle ; to sport. Herbert. To FOOL, fool. v. a. To treat with contempt ; to dis appoint; to frustrate; to defeat. Shak. To infatu ate ; to make foolish. Calamy. To cheat : as, to fool one of his money. FOOLS*, fool, n.s. A liquid made of jrooseberrifs scalded and pounded, and of cream. Siuxkspeare, FOO FOR inr 559.- -Fate, fir, fall, fat ;- — me, met;- — pine p?n;— FOOLBO'LD* f66l-bold'. a. Foolish! v bold. Bale. Ob. T. FOO'LBORN, fool'-born. a. Foolish from the birth. Sliakspeare. FOO'LERY, fdoF-ur-e. 557. n. s. Habitual folly. Sh-xk. An act of folly; trifling practice. Ecclus. xxii. Object of folly. Rakish. FOOLHATPY,iool-hap'-pe. a. Lucky without con- trivance or judgement. Spenser. FOOLHA'RDINESS, fool-har'-de-ne's. n. s. Mad rashness ; courage without sense. Dnjden. FOOLHA'RDISE, fool-har'-dk n.s. [fool and har- diesse, Fr.] Foolhardiness. Spenser. Ob. J. FOOLHA'RDY, fo6l-har'-de. a. Daring without judgement ; madly adventurous. Spensei: FOO'LTRAP, foSl'-trap. n. s. A snare to catch fools in. Dry den. FOO'LISH, foftl'-Jsh. a. Void of understanding; weak of intellect. 2 Esdras. Imprudent ; indis- creet. Shale. Ridiculous; contemptible. 2 Mace. ii. [In Scripture.] Wicked ; sinful. FOO'LISHLY, fool'-fsh-le. ad. Weakly; without understanding. [In Scripture.] Wickedly. Swift. FOO'LISHNESS, MY-hh-nh.n.s. Folly; want of understanding. Foolish practice ; actual deviation from the right. South. FOO'LSCAP Paper* A term denoting the size of the sheet of paper ; as pot, foolscap, &c. pot being the smallest, and foolscap the second in the ascend- ing scale to atlas-paper. FOO'LSTONES, f&ol'-stonz. n. s. A plant. FOOT $, fut. 307. n.s. plural feet, [pot, Sax.] The part upon which we stand. Clarendon. 1 hat by which any thing is supported in the nature of a foot : as, the foot of a table. The lower part ; the base. HaJcewill. The end; the lower part. Drydcn. The act of walking. 2 Mace. v. — On foot. Walk- Log ; without carriage. Exod. xii. — A posture of action. Shak. Infantry ; footmen in arms. 1 Mace. iv. State ; character; condition. Dnjden. Scheme; plan ; settlement. Swift. A state of incipient ex- istence ; first motion. Tillotson. The level; the square ; par. Bacon. A certain number of sylla- bles constituting a distinct part of a verse. Ascham. Motion ; action. Grew. Step. L' Estrange. A measure containing twelve inches. Bacon. To FOOT, flit. 307. v.n. To dance ; to tread wan- tonly ; to trip. Dry den. To walk; not ride. Spenser. To FOOT, fut. v. a. To spurn ; to kick. Shak. To settle ; to begin to fix. Shak. To tread. Shak. To hold with the foot. Shak. To supply with feet. Bp. Hall. FOO'TBALL, fut'-ball. n.s. A ball commonly made of a blown bladder, cased with leather, driven by the foot. Peacham. The sport or practice of kick- ing the football. Arbuthnot. FOO'TBANDS* fuf-bandz. n. s. pi. Soldiers that march and fight on foot. Mirror for Magistrates. FOOTBOY, fut'-bSe. n. s. A low menial ; an atten- dant in liverv. Shakspeare. FOO'TBREADTH*, fut'-bredtfz. n.s. The space which a foot might cover. Dent. \i. FOOTBRIDGE, fut'-brklje. n.s. A bridge on which passengers walk; a narrow bridge. Sidney. FOO'TCLOTH, fut'-kl.s. [pope-bupe, Sax.] A door in the front of a house. FOREE'LDER*, fire-el'-dfir. n. s. [fore and elder.] An ancestor. FOREE'ND, fire'-end. n. s. The anteriour part. Shaksveare. FOREFA'THER, fire-fV-THur. n.s. Ancestor 3 one who in any degree of ascending genealogy pre- cedes another. Hooker. To FOREFE'ND, fire-fend', v. a. [fore or for and defend.] To prohibit ; to avert. Sluxkspeare. To pro- vide for ; to secure. Shakspeare. FQREFI'NGER, fire'-fmg-gfir. n.s. The finger next to the thumb ; the index. Peacfiam. FOREFOOT, fire'-fut. n.s. plur. forefeet. The an- teriour foot of a quadruped. Peacham. FOREFR'ONT*, fire-frunt'. n.s. The anteriour front of any thing. Exod. xxviii. FOREGAME*, fire'-game. n.s. A first plan; a first game. Whitlock. To FOREGO'' §, fire-gi'. v. a. [for and go.] To quit ; to give up ; to resign. Spenser. To go be- fore ; to be past, [fore and go.] Shak. To lose. FO'REGOER, fire-gi'-ur. n. s. Ancestor ; progeni- tor. Shak. One who goes before another. Sidney. A forsaker; a quitter. Cot grave. FOREGROUND, fire'-griund. n. s. The part of the field or expanse of a picture which seems to lie before the figures. Dryden. To FOREGUESS*, fire-ges'. v. n. To conjecture. Sheiivood. FOREHAND §, fire'-hand. n.s. [fore and hand.] The part of a horse which is before the rider. The chief part. Shakspeare. FO'REHAND, fire'-hand. a. Done sooner than is regular. Sluxkspeare. FOREHA'NDED, fire'-hand-ed. a. Early ; time- ly. Bp. Taylor. Formed in the foreparts. Dryden. FOREHEAD, fir'-hed. 515. n.s. That part of the face which reaches from the eyes upward to the hair. Shak. Impudence ; confidence ; assurance. Bp. Hall. To FOREHE'AR*, fire-heer'. v.n. To be informed before. Trag. of Soliman and Perseda. To FOREHE'ND* fire-hend'. v. a. [fore and hend.] To seize. Spenser. To FOREHE'W* fire-hu'. v. a. To cut in front. Sackville. FOREHO'LDING, fire-hild'-mg. n.s. Predictions; ominous accounts. U Estrange. FO'REHORSE*, fire'-hirse. n. s. The foremost horse of a team. Beaumont and FletcJier. FO'REIGN§, for'-m. a. [forain, Fr.] Not of this country 5 not domestick. Atterbury. Alien ; re- mote ;'not allied. Addison. Excluded ; not ad mitted ; held at a distance. Shak. [In law.] A foreign plea, placitum forinsecum ; as being a plea out of the proper court of justice. Extraneous; adventitious in general. Phillips. FOREIGNER, for'-rln-ur. n.s. A man that comes from another country 3 not a native 5 a stranger. Denham. FO'REIGNNESS, for'-rln-nes. n.s. Remoteness; want of relation to something. Locke. To FOREIMA'GINE, fire-lm-mad'-jm. v. a. T© conceive or fancy before proof. Camden. To FOREJU'DGE§, fire-judje'. v. a. To judge be forehand ; to be prepossessed. Slierivood. FOREJU'DGEMENT*, fire-jadje'-ment. n. s. Judgement formed beforehand. Spense?: To FOREKNO'W§, fire-ni'. v. a. To have pre- science of; to foresee. Raleigh. FOREKNO'WABLE, fire-ni'-a-bl. a. Possible to be known before they happen. More. FOREKNO'WER*,fire-ni'-ur. n.s. He who knows what is to happen. Stapleton. FOREKNOWLEDGE, fore-nol'-?dje. n.s. Pre- science ; knowledge of that which has not yet hap- pened. Hooker. FOREL*, fi'-rel n. s. [forellus, Lat.] A kind of parchment used for covers of account "books. Book of Common Prayer, 1549. FORELAND, fire'-land. n.s. A promontory ; head- land ; high land jutting into the sea ; a cape. Milton. To FORELA'Y, fire-la', v. a. To lay wait for ; to entrap by ambush. Dryden. To contrive antece- dently ; to prevent. Bp. Hall. FORELE'ADER*, fire-le'-dur. n. s. One who leads others by his example. Gascoigne. To FORELEND*, fire-lend', v. a. To give before hand. Spenser. Ob. T. To FO'RELIFT, fire-lift', v. a. To raise aloft any anteriour part. Spenser. FO'RELOCK, fire'-lok. n. s. The hair that grows from the forepart of the head. Milton. To FORELOOK*, fire-look', v. n. To see before hand. B. Jonson. FO'REMAN, fire'-man. 99. n. s. The first or chief person. Addison. FO'REMAST*, fire'-mast. n.s. The first mast of a ship towards the head. FOREMAST Man*, n.s. One that furls the sails, and takes his course at the helm. Chambers. FOREME'ANT*, fire-ment'. part. Intended before- hand. B. Jonson. -,,-"■ „„ . FOREME'NTIONED, fire-men'-shmid. a. Mention- ed or recited before. Addison. FO'REMOST§, fire'-mist. a. [from fore.] First in place. Sidney. First in dignity. Dryden. FO'REMOSTLY*, fire'-mist-le. ad. Among the foremost. Old Ballad of Jephtluxh. FO'REMOTHER*, fire-muTH'-ur. n. s. A feni^'o ancestor. Bp. Prideaux. 398 FOR FOR -116, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull} — 611 ; — pound ; — thm, THis. FORENA'MED, fore-namd'. a. Nominated before. B. Jonson. FORENOON, fore'-noon. n. s. The time of day reckoned from the middle point, between the dawn and the meridian, to the meridian. Sidney. FORENOTICE, fore-ni'-tls. n. s. Information of an event before it happens. Riimer. FORE'NSICK, fo-reV-sfk. a. [forensis, Lat.] Be- longing" to courts of judicature. Locke. To FOREORDA'IN$, fore-6r-dane'. v. a. To pre- destinate ; to predetermine ; to preordain. Hooker. FOREORDINA'TION* fore-6r-de-na'-shQn. n. s. Predetermination. Dr. Jackson. FOREPART, fore'-part. n.s. The part first in time. Raleigh. The part anteriour in place. Ray. FOREPA'SSED, ) , A * ., { part. a. Passed be- FOREPA'ST, \ ^-P 884 '- J^fore a certain time. Sackville. FOREPOSSE'SSED,fore-pdz-z£st'. a. Holding for- merly in possession. Knight. Pre-occupied j pre- possessed. Bp. Sanderson. FOREPRO'MISED* fore-prom'-lst. part. a. Prom- ised beforehand. Bp. Hall. To FOREPRI'ZE*, fire-prize', v.a. To rate be- forehand. Hooker. FO'RERANK, fore'-rangk. 408. n.s. First rank; front. Shakspeare. To FORERE'ACH*, fore-reetsh'. v. n. [In naval language.] To sail better than another ship ; to get before it. To FORERE'AD§*, fore-reed', v. n. [fore and read.) To signify by tokens. Spenser. FORERE'ADING*, fore-reed'-lng. n.s. Previous perusal. Hales. FORERECI'TED, fore-re-sl'-ted. a. Mentioned be- fore. Sliakspeare. FOREREMEMBERED*, fore-re-mem'-burd. part, a. Called to mind, or mentioned before. Mountagu. FO'RERIGHT §*, fore'-rlte. ad. Right forward 5 on- ward. Beaumont and Fletcher. FO'RERIGHT*, fore'-rlte. a. Ready ; forward ; quick. Massinger. To FORERU'N§, fore-run', v.a. [fore and run.] To come before as an earnest of something following. Sitak. To precede ; to have the start of. Graunt. FORERU'NNER^re-run'-nur. n.s. A harbinger; a messenger sent before to give notice of the ap- proach of those that follow/ Sliak. An ancestor ; a predecessor. Shak. A prognostick ; a sign fore- showing any thing. MiUon. FO'RESAID*, fore-sM. part. a. Described or spoken of before. Shakspeare. FORESAIL*, fore'-sale. n.s. The sail of the fore- mast. To FORESA'Y §, fore-sa'. v. a. [fore and say.] To predict ; to prophesy ; to foretell. Shakspeare. FORES A'YING*, fore-sa'-lng. n.s. A prediction. Sherwood. To FORESE'E §, fore-see', v. a. To see beforehand ; to see what has not yet happened. Spenser. To provide for. Bacon. FORESE'ER* fore-seer', n. s. One who foresees. Lord Halifax. To FORESE'IZE*, fore-seez'. v.a. To grasp be- forehand. Tate. To FORESHA'DOW*, fore-shad'-o. v. a. To fore- signifv ; to typify. Barrow. To FORESHA'ME, fore-shame', v. a. To shame ; to bring- reproacn upon. roFORESHE'W $,fore-sh6'. v.a. [pone-^ceapian. Sax.] To predict; to represent before it comes. Wisdom, xviii. See To Foreshow. FORESH'EW*, fore-sh6'. n.s. A sign; that by which any thing is foreshown. Fairfax. FORESHE'WER*, f6re-sh6'-ur. n. s. One who predicts a thing. Spenser. FCVRESHIP, fore'-shlp. n. s. [fore and ship.] The anteriour part of the ship. Acts, xxvii. To FORESHO'RTEN §, fore-shSrt'-tn. v.a. To shorten figures for the sake of showing those be- hind. FORESHO'RTENING*, fore-shSrt'-tn-lng. n. s. The act of shortening figures for the sake of show \nsr those behind. Dryden. To FORESHO'W, fore-sho'. v. a. [fore and show.] To discover before it happens ; to predict. Hooker. To represent before it comes. Hooker. FO'RE&IDE*, fore'-slde. n. s. Superficial appear- ance ; outside. Spenser. FO'RESIGHT §, fore' -site. n. s. Prescience ; prog nostication; foreknowledge. Milton. Provident care of futurity. Spenser. FORESI'GHTFUL, fore-slle'-ful. a. Prescient; provident. Sidney. To FORESI'GNIFY, fore-slg'-ne-fl. v. a. [fore and signify.] To betoken beforehand ; to foreshow ; to typify. Hooker. FO'RESKIN, fore' skin. n.s. [fore and skin.] The prepuce. Cowley. FO'RESKIRT, fore-skeYt'. n. s. The pendulous or loose part of the coat before. Sliakspeare. To FORESLA'CK, fore-slak'. v. a. [fare and slack.] To neglect by idleness. Spenser. To FORESLO'W §, fore-slo'. v. a. [fare and slow.] To delay; to hinder; to impede. Fairfax. To neglect ; to omit. Bacon. To FORESLO'W, fore-slo'. v. n. To be dilatory ; to loiter. Shakspeaie. ToFORESPE'AKS, fore-speke'. v.n. [fore and speak.] To predict ; to foresay. Beaum. and Fl. To forbid. Shakspeare. To bewitch. Drayton. FORESPE'AKING*. fore-speek'-lng. n.s. A pre- diction. Camden. A preface ; a forespeech. Hu- loet. FO'RESPEECH*, fore'-speetsh. n. s. A preface. Sherwood. FORESPE'NT, fore-spgnt'. a. Forepassed; past. Spenser. Bestowed before. Shak. Wasted ; tired ; spent. Shakspeare. FORESPU'RRER, fore-spur'-fir. n. s. [fore and spurj One that rides before. Shakspeare. FO'REST §, for'-r^st. n. s. [forest, Fr.j A wild, un- cultivated tract of ground interspersed with wood. Hooker. [In law.] A certain territory of woody grounds and fruitful pastures, privileged for wild beasts, and fowls of forest, chase, and warren, to abide in, in the safe protection of the king, for his pleasure. Cowel. FO'REST*, for'-r£st. a. Sylvan ; rustick. Sir G. Buck. FO'REST AFF*, fore'-staf. n. s. [fore and staff.] An instrument used at sea for taking the altitudes of heavenly bodies. FO'REST A GE^fiV-rest-ldje. n.s. [forestage, Fr.] An ancient service paid by foresters to the king; also, the right of foresters. To FOREST A'LL §, fore-stawl'. 406. v.a. [pone- frailan, Sax.] To anticipate ; to take up before- ancl. Herbert. To hinder by pre-occupation or pre- vention. Spenser. To seize or gain possession of before another. Spenser. To deprive by something prior. Shakspeare. FOREST A'LLER, fore-stawl'-ur. n. s. One that anticipates the market. One that purchases be- fore others to raise the price. Locke. FORESTBO'RN, for'-r§st-b6rn. a. Born in a wild. Shakspeare. FORESTED*, for'-r&t-ed. a. Supplied with trees. Drayton. FO'RESTER, for'-res-tfir. n. s. [forestier,¥r.] An officer of the forest. Sliakspeare. An inhabitant of the wild country. Evelyn. One who understands the nature and the laws of forests. Howell. A for- est-tree. Evelyn. FO'RESWART, fore'-swSrt. ; a. [of far and sivat, FO'RESWAT, fore'-swot. $ from sweat.] Spent with heat. Sidney. To FORETASTE §, fore-taste', v. a. To have ante- past of; to have prescience of. To taste before another. Milton. FORETASTE, fore'-taste. 492. n. s. Anticipation of. South. FORETA'STER* fore-taste'-fir. n. s. One that tastes before another. Sherwood. 399 FOR FOR ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mh J— pine, pin ;— To FORETE'ACH*, fore-teetsh'. i>. a. To teach before ; to inculcate aforetime. Spenser. To FORETE'LL,l6re-tel'. 406. v. a. pret. and part, pass, foretold, [fore and tell.] To predict ; to prophesy. Sluxk. To foretoken ; to foreshow. Dr. Warton. To FORETE'LL, f6re-tel'. v.n. To utter prophecy. FORETELLER, fore-tel'-lur. n.s. Predicler ; fore- shower. Boyle. FORETELLING* fore-tel'-ling. n.s. A declara- tion of something future. Feltham. TVFORETHl'NKy, f6re-^ingk'. v. a. To antici- pate in the mind ; to have prescience of. Shak. To contrive antecedently. Bp. Hall. To FORETHl'NK, fc-re-Z/migk'. v. n. To contrive beforehand. Smith. FORETHOUGHT, fore'-tfiawt. 492. n. 5. Pres- cience ; anticipation. L' Estrange. Provident care. Blackstone. FORETHOUGHT*, f6re-Z/ilwt'. a. Prepense. Ba- con. FORETO'KENy, f6re-t6'-k'n. n.s. [pope-tacn, * Sax.] Prevenient sign ; prognostick. Camden. To FORETO'KEN, fore-to'-k'n. v. a. To foreshow; to prognosticate as a sign. Daniel. FORETOOTH, ftW-tootfi. n. s. The tooth in the anteriour part of the mouth ; the incisor. Ray. FO'RETOP, f6re'-t6p. n. s. That part of a woman's head-dress that is forward, or the top of a periwig. The top of men's hair fantastically frizzled or shaped. B. Jonson. FOREVOU'CHED,fore-v6utsh'-£d. 359. part, [fore and vouch..'] Affirmed before ; formerly told. Shak. FO'REWARD, fore'-ward. n.s. The van; the front. 1 Mac. ix. To FOREWARN, fore-warn', v. a. [fore_ and warn.] To admonish beforehand. St. Luke, xii. To inform previously of any future event. Milton. To caution against any thing beforehand. Shakspeare. To FOREWASTE. See To Forwaste. ToFOREWE'ARY. See To Forweary. To FOREWE'ND*, fore-wend', v. a. [fore and wend.] To go before. Spenser. FO'RE WIND*, iore'-wiud. n. s. A favourable wind. Sandys. To FOREWPSH, fore-wish', v. a. To desire before- hand. Knolles. FOREWO'RN, f6re-w6rn / . part. Worn out; wasted by time or use. Sidneu- FO'RFEIT §, f6r'-f it. 255. n. s. [forfait, Fr.] Some- thing lost by the commission of a crime ; a fine ; a mulct. Shak. Something deposited, and to be re- deemed by a jocular fine, whence the game of for- feits. R. J. Thorn. A person obnoxious to punish- ment. Shakspeare. To FO'RFEIT, for'-flt. v. a. To lose by some breach of condition; to lose by some offence. Davies. FO'RFEIT, for'-fh. part. a. Liable to penal seiz- ure; alienated by a crime. Shakspeare. FORFEITABLE, for'-f it-a-bl. a. Possessed on con- ditions, by the breach of which any thing may be lost. Crowe. FO'RFEITER*, fdr'-fit-ur. n.s. One who incurs punishment, by forfeiting his bond. Shakspeare. FORFEITURE, fSr'-fit-yure. n.s. [forfaiture, Fr.] The act of forfeiting. The thing forfeited ; a mulct; a fine. Bacon. To FORFE'NDf, for-fend'. v. a. To prevent; to forbid. FO'RFEX*, for'-feks. n. s. [Lat.] A pair of scis- sors. Pope. FORGA'VE, for-gave'. The preterit of forgive. FORGE y, forje. n. s. [forge, Fr.] The place where iron is beaten into form. Milton. Any place where any thing is made or shaped. Hooker. Manufac- ture of metalline bodies. Bacon. To FORGE, forje. v. a. To form by the hammer ; to beat into shape. Chapman. To make by any means Locke. To counterfeit ; to falsify. Shak. ,?0'RGER, f6re'-j&r. n s One who makes or , forms. Drayton. One who counterfeits any thina West. £Cr This word is sometimes, but without the least foun- dation in analogy, written forgerer. If it should bo urged, that the word comes from the French verb for- ger, and therefore, like fruiterer from frutier, we add an er to make it a verbal noun ; it may be answered, that we have the word to forge in the same sense as the French, but we have no verb to fruit, and therefore there is an excuse for adding er in the last word which has no place in the former. TV. FO'RGERY, f6re'-jfir-e. n. s. The crime of falsifi- cation. Swift. Smith's work ; the act of the forge Milton, To FORGE'Ty, f6r-geV. v. a. preter. forgot ; part. fmgotten, or forgot. [pop£etan, Sax.] To lose memory of ; to let go from the remembrance. Shak. Not to attend ; to neglect. Isaiah, xlix. #Cf The 0, m this and similar words, is like that in for~ bear — which see. W. FORGE'TFUL, for-get'-fol a. Not retaining the memory of. Beaum. and Fl. Causing oblivion; oblivious. Dryden. Inattentive; negligent; neg- lectful ; careless. Heb. xiii. FORGE'TFULNESS, for-get'-fiil-nes. n. s. Obli- vion ; cessation to remember ; loss of memory. Shak. Negligence; neglect; inattention. Hooker. FO'RGETIVE, f6re'-je-tiv. a. [from forge.] That forgets. may forge or produce. Peculiar to Shakspeare :'TTER, f6r-geV-tur. n.s. One that FORGE"„ . Beaumont and Fletcher. A careless person. FORGE'TTING*, for-get'-ting. n. s. Inattention ; forgetfulnes«. Milton. FORGE'TTINGLY*, f6r-get'-ting-le. ad. Without attention ; forgetfully. B. Jonson. FORGl'VABLE*, for-giv'-a-bl. a. That may be pardoned. Sherwood To FORGl'VE §, f6r-giv'. 157. v.n. [popXipan, Sax.] To pardon; net to punish- Shak. To par- don a crime. Isa. xxxiii. To remit; not to exact debt or penallv. St. Mutt, xviii. FORGI'VENESS, ffir-giv'-nes. n. s. [popXipen- neppe, Sax.] The act of forgiving. Dan. ix. Par- don of an offender. Dryden. Pardon of an oflfence. South. Tenderness; willingness to pardon. Sprat. Remission of a fine, penally, or debt. FORGI'VER, f6r-giv ; -ur. n.' s. One who pardons. To FORGO'*. See To Forego. FORGO'T, f6r-got'. ) part. pass, of FORGOTTEN, f6r-got'-tn. 103. S forget. Not re- membered. Deut. xxxi. To FORHA'lL, f6r-hale'. v. a. [pop-be alban, Sax.] To draw or distress. Spenser. Ob. J. To FORHE'ND*. See To Forehend. FORI'NSECAL* fo-rin'-se-kal. a. [forinsecus, Lat.] Foreign ; alien. To FORISFAMILIATE*, fo-ris-fa-mil'-e-ate. v. a [foris andfamilia, Lat.] To put a son in posses sion of land in the life-time of his father. Blackstone FORK y, fork. n. s. [pope, Sax.] An instrument di • vided at the end into two or more points or prongs, 1 Sum.x'm. The point of an arrow. SJiak. A point. Addison. A gibbet, [furca, Lat.] Butler. To FORK, fork. v. n. To shoot into blades, as corn does out of the ground. Mortimer. FO'RKED, for'-ked. 366. a. Opening into two or more parts. Sluxk. Having two or more meanings. B. Jonson. FO'RKEDLY, f5r'-ked-le. oi. In a forked form.. Shervjood. FO'RKEDNESS, for'-kgd-n&. n. s. The quality of onening into two parts or more. Cotgrave. FO'RKHEAD, f6rk'-hed. n. s. Point of an arrow. Spenser. FO'RKINESS*. fork'-e-nes. n. s. A fork-like divis ion. Cotgrave. FO'RKTAIL*, fSrk'-tale. n. s. A young salmon, in his fourth year's growth. FO'RKY, for'-ke. a. Forked; furcated; opening into two parts. Addison. To FORLA'Y*. See To Forelay. To FORLE'ND* See To Forelend. 400 FOR FOR ii6, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — Sil 5 — p6und ; — tli'm, th'is. FORLORE, for-l6re'.a. Deserted} forsaken. Spen- ser. Ob. J. FORLORN $, for 15m'. a. [pop.oren, Sax.] De- serted} destitute} forsaken} wretched; helpless; solitary. Spenser. Taken away. Chaucer. Small } despicable : in a ludicrous sense. Shakspeare. §Cr This word is sometimes, hut improperly, pronounced so as to rhyme with mourn. Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and W. Johnston, make it rhyme with corn. W. FORLORN, fSr-ldrn'. n.s. A lost, solitary, forsaken person. Shuk. — Forlorn hope. The soldiers who are sent first to the attack, and are therefore doom- ed or expected to perish. Hammond. FORLORNNESS, for-iarn'-nes. n. s. Destitution 5 misery; solitude. Beyle. 7'oFORLY'E, fdr-ti 7 . v.n. To lie before. Spenser. FORMS, fdrm, or form. n. s. [forma, Lat.] The ex- ternal appearance of any thing' ; representation; shape. Job, iv. Being", as modified by a particu- lar shape. Dryden. Particular model or modifi- cation. Locke. Beauty; elegance of appearance. Isa. liii. Regularit}' ; method; order. Sluxk. Ex- ternal appearance, without the essential qualities; empty snow. Dry den. Ceremony ; external rites. Biicon. Stated method; established practice ; ritual and prescribed mode. Hooker. A long seat. Watts. A class; a rank of students. Dry den. The seat or bed of a hare. Sidney. The essential, specifical,or distinguishing modification of matter, so as to give it a peculiar manner of existence. Hooker. A for- mer cause ; that which gives essence. Bacon. fjCr" When this word signifies a long seat or a class of students, it is universally pronounced with the as in four, more, &c. It is not a little surprising, that none of our dictionaries, except Mr. Smith's and Mr. Nares', take any notice of this distinction in the sound of the 0, when the word signifies a seat or class. It were to be wished, indeed, that we had fewer of these ambiguously sounding words, which, while they dis- tinguish to the ear, confuse and puzzle the eye. — See Bowl. W. To FORM, form. v. a. [formo, Lat.] To make out of materials. Gen. vii. To model to a particular shape or state. Milton. To modify ; to scheme ; to plan. Dryden. To arrange; to combine in any particular manner: as, He formed his troops. To adjust; to settle. Decay of Piety. To contrive; to coin. Decay of Piety. To model by education or institution. To seat. Drayton. To FORM*, form. v.n. To take any particular form. FORMAL $, for'-mal. 88. a. [formalis, Lat.] Cere- monious; solemn; precise; exact to affectation. Bacon. Done according to established rules and methods; not sudden. Hooker. Regular ; method- ical. Waller. External ; having the appearance, but not the essence. Dryden. Depending upon establishment or custom. Pope. Having the power of making any thing what it is; constituent; es- sential. Holder. Retaining its proper and essen- tial characteristick ; regular } proper. Shakspeare. FORMALIST, fiV-mal-Sst. n.s. [formaliste,Yv^ One who practises external ceremony j one who prefers appearance to reality. Bacon. An advo- cate for form in disputations. Lord Shaftesbury. FORMALITY, for-mal'-e-te. n.s. [fonnalite, Fr.] Ceremony} established mode of behaviour. Hook- er. Solemn order, method, mode, habit, or dress. Dryden. External appearance. Glanville. Es- sence ; the quality by which any thing is what it is. Slillincrfleet. To FORMALIZE, for'-ma-Uze. v. a. [formalizer, Fr.] To model ; to modify. Hooker. Ob. J. To FORMALIZE*, foV-ma-llze. v.n. To affect formality. Hales. FORMALLY, for'-mal-le. ad. According to es- tablished rules. Shak. Ceremoniously; stiffly; precisely. Collier. In open appearance. Hooker. Essenliallv ; characteristicall}- . South. FORMATION, f'6r-ma''-shun. n. s. [foliation, Fr.] The act of forming or generating. Woodward. The manner in which a thing is formed. Broicn. FORMATIVE, ffir'-ma-tlv. 157. a. Having the power of giving form; plasuck. Bentley "ER, form'-ur. lGti. n. s. He tl that forms; FORMER, maker; contriver; planner. Ray. FORMERS, fcV-mur. 98. a. [popma, Sax.] Be- fore another in time. Shakspeare. Mentioned be- fore another. Pope. Past : as, This was the cus- tom informer times. Harte. FO'RMERLY, for'-mur-le. ad. In times past. Addi- son. At first. Spenser. FORMFUL*, form'-ful. a. Ready to create forms imaginative. Thomson. FORMICATION*, f6r-me-ka/-shun. n.s. [formica- tio, Lat.] A sensation like that of the creeping or stinging of ants. Dr. James. FORMIDABLE $, fo^-me-da-bl. a. [fonnidabilis, Lat.] Terrible; dreadful; tremendous; terrifick. Bp. Taylor. FORMIDABLENESS, for'-me-da-bl-nes. n.s. The quality of exciting terrour or dread. The thing caus- ing dread. Decay of Piety. FORMIDABLY, f6r'-me-da-ble. ad. In a terrible manner. Dryden. FORMLESS, form'-lek a. Shapeless } without reg- ularity of form. Shakspeure. FORMOS1TY*, for-mos'-e-te. n. s. [formosiios, Lat.] Beauty} fairness. Cockeram. FORMULA*, for'-mu-la. n.s. [Lat.] A prescribed form or order. Aubrey. FORMULARY, for'-mu-lar-e. n. s. A prescribed model } a form usually observed. Bacon. A book containing stated forms. Warton. FORMULARY, for'-mu-lar-e. a. Ritual} prescrib- ed ; stated. FORMULE, fSr'-mule. n. s. [foi-mule, Fr.] A set or prescribed model. To FORNICATE §, for'-ne-kate. v. n. [fornix, Lat/| To commit lewdness. Bp. Hall. FORNICATED*, fdr'-ne-ka-ted. a. Polluted by for- nication. Milton. FORNICA TION, for-ne-ka'-shfin. n. s. Concubin age, or commerce with an unmarried woman. Uraunt. [hi Scripture.] Sometimes idolatry Ezekiel, xvi. [Among builders.] A kind of arch • ing or vaulting. FORNICATOR, fcV-ne-ka-tur. 166, 521. n.s. One that has commerce with unmarried women. Bp Taylor. FORNICATRESS, fiV-ne-ka-tres. n. s. A woman who, without marriage, cohabits with a man. Shak- speare. To FORPA'SS*. f6r-pas'. v. n. To go by ; to pass unnoticed. Spenser. To FORPI'NE*, f6r-pine'. v. a. [for and pine.'] To waste away. Spenser. To FORRA'Y§*, for-ra/. v. a. [fourrer, Fr.] To ravage ; to spoil a country. Spenser. FORRA'Y*, for-ra/. n. s. The act of ravaging, or making hostile incursion upon a country. Spenser. To FORSAKES, f6r-sake'. v. a. preter. forsook ; part. pass, forsook, or forsaken, [popyacan, Sax.] To leave in resentment, or dislike. Cowley. To leave ; to go away from. Dryden. To desert ; to fail. Roive. FORSARER, f6r-sa/-kur. 98. n. s. Deserter} one that forsakes. Apocrypha. FORSARING*, fdr-sa'-king. n. s. Dereliction. Isai ah, vi. ToFORSA/Y*, for-sa/. v. a. To renounce. Spenser To forbid. Spenser. To FORSLA'CK* f6r-slak'. v. a. To delay. Spen- To FORSLO'W*. See To Foreslow. FORSOOTH, ibx-soUh'. ad. [ronroSe, Sax.] In truth ; certainly } very well. Shak. Once a word of honour in address to women. Guardian. FORSTER*, fors'-tur. n. s. A forester. Chaucer. To FORSPE'AK*. See To Forespeak. To FORSPE'ND*. See To Forespend. FORSWA'T*. See Fores w at. To FORSWE / AR§, fSr-sware'. v. a. pret. forsicore ; part. /oroeom. [popppsepian, Sax.] To renounco 401 FOR FOS \SOT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- upon oath. Shak. To deny upon oath. Shak. With the reciprocal pronoun: as, to forswear himself ; to be perjured; to swear falsely. Shakspeare. To FORSWE'AR, for-sware'. v. n. To swear false- ly ; to commit perjury. Shakspeare. FORSWEARER.for-swar'-ur. n.s. One who is perjured. FCRSWONK*. n s. [for and swink.] Overlabour- ed. Spenser. FORSWO'RNNESS*. n.s. The state of being for- sworn. Manning. FORT §, fort. n. s. [fort, Fr.J A fortified house ; a castle. Bacon. A strong side, in opposition to foible. FORTE*, for'-te. ad. [ltal.] [In musick.] Loudly, with strength and spirit. FO'RTED, fort'-ed. a. Furnished or guarded by forts. Slmkspeare. Ob. J. FORTH §, forth, ad. [pop8, Sax.] Forward ; onward in time. Sp)enser. Forward in place or order. Whitgift. Abroad ; out of doors. Dryden. Out away ; beyond the boundary of any place. Spenser. Out into publick view. Peacham. Thoroughly ; from beginning to end. Shak. To a certain degree. Hammond. On to the end. 31emoir in Slnjpe. Away ; be gone ; go forth. Beaumont and Fletclvsr. FORTH, forth, prep. Out of. Shakspeare. FORTH*, forth, n.s. [fort, Su. Goth.] A way. Ob. T. FORTHCOMING, forf/i-kiW-ing. a. [forth and coming J Ready to appear ; not absconding. Shak. To FORTHFNK*, for-thhgk'. v. a. To repent of; to unthink. Spenser. FORTHFSSUING, f6rt/i-fsh'-shu-ing. a. Coming out ; coming forward from a covert. Pope. FORTHRIGHT, f6rt/t-rlte'. ad. Straightforward; without flexions. Sidney. Ob. J. FORTHRFGHT, forth-rlte'. n. s. A straight path. Shakspeare. FO'RTHWARD*, ftrt/i'-ward. ad. Forward. Bp. Fisher. FORTHWITH, forth-wW. ad. Immediately ; with- out delay ; at once ; straight. Spenser. $jT TH, in with, at the end of this word, is pronounced with the sharp sound, as in thin, contrary to the sound of those letters in the same word when single. The same may be observed of the / in whereof. 377. W. FO'RTHY*, for'-thh. ad. [popSi, Sax.] Therefore. Spenser. Ob. T. FORTIETH, fdr'-ik-hh. 279. a. The fourth tenth ; next after the thirty-ninth. Donne. Swift. FORTIFIABLE, fcV-te-fi-a-bl. a. What may be fortified. Cotgrai'e. FORTIFICATION, fSr-te-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. The science of military architecture. Harris. A place built for strength. Sidney. Addition of strength. Government oj the Tongue. FORTIFIER, for '-te-fl-ur. n. s. One who erects works for defence. Carew. One who supports or secures. Sidney. To FORTIFY ^r'-te-fl. v. a. [ f ortif er, Fr.] To strengthen against attacks by walls or works. Ec- clus. I. To confirm ; to encourage. Sidney. To fix ; to establish in resolution. Locke. FORTILAGE, for'-ti) aje. n.s. A little fort; a blockhouse. Spenser. FOR TIN, fort'-hi. n. s. [Fr.] A little fort. Shak. FORTITUDE, fSV-te-tude. n. s. [fortitudo, Lat.] Courage ; bravery. Locke. Strength ; force. Shak. FORTLET, fon'Ah.n. s. A little fort. FORTNIGHT, fort'-nlle. 144. n. s. [contracted from fourteen nights.'] The space of two weeks. Sidney. FORTRESS §, AV-tres. n.s. [forteresse, Fr.] A strong hold; a fortified place. Locke. To FORTRESS*, for'-trSs. v. a. To guard ; to for- tify. Shakspeare. FORTUITOUS §, for-uV-e-tus. 463. a. [fortuities, Lat.] Accidental ; casual. Ray. &S= The reason that the t, in this word and its compounds, does not take the hissing sound, as it does in fortune, is, because the accent is after it, 463. W. FORTUITOUSLY, f6r-tiV-e-t&s-le. ad. Accident- ally; casually; by chance. Rogers. FORTUITOUSNESS, fiSr-uV-e-tus-r^s. n.s. Acci- dent; chance; hit. FORTUITY*, f6r-tu'-e-te. n.s. Chance; accident Forbes. FO RTUNATE, f6r'-tshu-nate. a. Lucky ; happy ; successful. Shakspeare. FORTUNATELY, for'-tshu-nate-le. ad. Happily; successfully. Prior. FORTUNATENESS,for'-tshu-nate-n&s. n. s. Hap piness; good luck; success. Sidney. FORTUNES, for'-tshune. 461. n.s. [fortuna, Lat/] The power supposed to distribute the lots of lite according to her own humour. Shak. The good or ill that befalls man. Berdley. The chance of life ; means of living. Swift. Success, good or bad ; event. Temple. Estate; possessions. Shak. The portion of a man or woman : generally of a woman. Spectator. Futurity ; future events. Cowley. To FORTUNE*, for'-tshune. v. a. To make fortu- nate. Chaucer. To dispose of fortunately or not. Chaucer. To presage. Dryden. To FORTUNE, for'-tshune. v.n. To befall ; to fall out ; to happen ; to come casually to pass. Spenser. FORTUNED, lor'-tshimd. 359. a. Supplied by for- tune. Slmkspeare. FORTUNEBOOK, for'-tshun-book. n. s. A book consulted to know fortune. Crashaw. FORTUNEHUNTER, for'-lshun-hun-tur. n. s. A man whose employment is to inquire after women with great portions, to enrich himself by marrying them. Spectator. FORTUNELESS*, f6r'-tshun-les. a. Luckless, Spenser. Without an estate ; without a portion. To FORTUNETELL, f6r'-tshun-tel. v.n. To pre- tend to the power of revealing futurity. Sliak. To reveal futurity. Cleaveland. FORTUNETELLER, f'6r'-tshun-u?I-lur. n. s. One who cheats common people by pretending to the knowledge of futurity. Bacon. To FGRTUNIZE*, for'-tshun-lze. v. a. To regu- late the fortune of. Spenser. FORTY $, for'-te. 182. a. [peopentiS, Sax.] Four limes ten. Shakspeare. FO'R UM, fo'-rum. 544. n. s. [Lat.] Any publick place. Watts. 7 7 o FORWARDERS, for-wan'-dur. v.n. To wan- der wildly and wearily. Spenser. FORWA'NDERED*, for-wan'-durd. a. Lost; be- wildered. Mirror for Magistrates. FORWARD §, f6r'-ward. 88. ad. [pojipeanb, Sax.] Towards ; to a part or place before; onward ; pro- gressively. Spenser. FO'R. WARD, fort-ward. a. Warm; earnest. Gal ii. Ardent; eager; hot; violent. Prior. Read}-; confident ; presumptuous. Dryden. Not reserved ; not over modest. Shak. Premature; early ripe. Shak. Quick; ready; hasty. Locke. Antecedent ; anteriour. Shak. Not behindhand ; not inferiour. Shakspeare. To FORWARD, for'-ward. v. a. To hasten ; to quicken ; to accelerate in growth or improvement. Bacon. To patronise ; to advance. FORWARDER, for'-war-dur. n. s. He who pro- motes any thing. SJierwood. FORWARDLY, for'-ward-Ie. ad. Eagerly; hastily quickly. Atterbury. FORWARDNESS, f6r'-ward-nes. n.s. Eagerness ardour ; readiness to act. Hooker. Quickness readiness. Wotton. Earliness ; early ripeness. Confidence ; assurance ; want of modesty. Addi- son. FORWARDS, fort-wardz. ad. Straight before, progressively ; not backwards. Arbuthnot. To FORWA'STE,for-waste'. v. a. To desolate ; to destroy. Spenser. Ob. J. To FORWE'ARY, for-we'-re. v. a. To dispirit with labour. Spenser. FORWORD* for'-wurd. n. s. [poppyjib, Sax.] A promise. Chaucer. Ob. T. FOSS§, fos. n. s. [fossa, LeC] A ditch; a moat Warton. FO'SSET. See Faucet. 402 FOU FOU — no, move, n$r, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 611; — pdund; — thin, thjs. FO'SSWAY, f(W-wa. n. s. [fcss and way.] One of the great Roman roads through England, so called from the ditches on each side. FO'SSIL$, fos'-sil. a. [fossilis, Lat.] Which maybe dug out of the earth. Woodward. FO'SSIL, fos'-sil. n. s. Many bodies, dug out of the bowels of the earth, are called fossils. Locke. FO'SSILIST*, fos'-se-lfst. n.s. One who studies the nature of fossils. Johnson. To FCSTERS; fos'-tfir. 98. v. a. [por-fcpian, Sax.] To nurse ; to feed ; to support. Slutk. To pamper ; to encourage. Sidney. To cherish; to forward. Thomson. To FO'STER*, fos'-tur. v.n. To be nursed, or train- ed up together. Spenser. FO'STER*, fos'-uV. n. s. A forester. Spenser. FOSTERAGE, fos'-tur-idje. 90. n. s. The charge of nursing; alterage. Raleigh. FO'STERBROTHER, fos'-tur-bruTH-ur. n. s. One bred at the same pap. Beaumont and Fletclier. FOSTERCH1LD, fos'-t&r-tshlM. n. s. A child nurs- ed by a woman not the mother, or bred by a man not the father. Davies. FO'STERDAM, foV-t&r-dam. n.s. [foster and dam.'] A nurse ; one that performs the office of a mother. Dryden. FO STEREARTH, fos'-tur-ertf. n. s. Earth by which the plant is nourished, though it did not grow at first in it. Phillips. FOSTERER, fos'-tur-ur. n. s. A nurse ; one who gives food in the place of a parent. Davies. An encourae:er; a forwarder. Ascham. FO'STERFATHER, f6s'-tfir-f a-THur. n. s. One who gives food in the place of a father. Davies. FO'STERING* fds'-tur-ing. n. s. Nourishment. Chaucer. FO'STERLING* foV-tur-lmg. n. s. A foster-child ; a nurse-child. B. Jonson. FOSTERMENT*, fos'-tur-ment. n. s. Food ; nour- ishment. Cockerom. Ob. T. FO'STERMOTHER, fos'-tur-m&TH-ur. n.s. A nurse. Sir M. Sandys. FO'STERNURSE, fos'-tur-n&rse. n.s. A nurse. Sliakspearp. FO'STERSHD?*, f&s'-tur-shfp. n. s. The office of a forester. Clmrton. FO'STERSON, fos'-tfir-sun. n. s. One fed and edu- cated, though not the son by nature. Dryden. FO'STRESS*. f&s'-tres. n. s. A nurse. B. Jonson. FO'THER^foTH'-ur. n. s. [jroSeji, Sax.] A load; a large quantity. Chaucer. FOUGA'DE, fdo-gade'. n.s. [Fr.] In the art of war. a sort of little mine in the manner of a well, dug under some work or fortification. Diet. FOUGHT, fawt. 393, 319. The preterit and parti- ciple of fete. FO'UGHTEN, faw'-tn. 103. The passive partici- ple ot'f^Ju : rarely used. FOULf, foul. 313. a. [pul, Sax.] Not clean; filthy; dirty; miry. Job. xvi. Impure: polluted; full "of filth. Shak. Wicked ; detestable ; abominable. St. Mark. Not lawful. Shak. Hateful; ugly; loath- some. Spenser. Disgraceful ; shameful. Milton. Coarse ; gross. Felion. Full of gross humours ; wanting purgation. Shak. Not bright; not serene. St. Matthew. With rough force ; with unseasona- ble violence. Clarendon. [Among seamen.] En- tangled, as, a rope is foul of the anchor. Unfa- vourable; as, a foul wind. Dangerous; as, the foul ground of a road, sea-coast, or bay. To FOUL, fSai. v. a. [pylan, Sax.] To daub ; to be- mire ; to make filthv ; to dirtv. Evelyn. To FO'ULDER*. v, n. [fotidroyer] Fr.] To emit great heat. Spenser. FO'ULFACED, fdiil'-faste. 359. a. Having an ugly or hateful visage. Shakspeare. FO'ULFEEDING*, f6ul'-feed-?ng. a. Gross; of I coarse food. Bp. Hall. FO'ULLY, foulMe. ad. Filthily; nastily; odiously; scandalously; shamefully. Hayward. Not lawful- j lv; not fairly. Shakspeare. FOULMO'UTHED, fdul'-mduTHd. a. Scurrilous;! habituated to the use of opprobrious terms and epi- thets. Addison. FO/ULNESS, fd-ul'-nes. n. s. The quality of being foul; fillhiness; nastiness. Wilkins. Pollution ; im- purity. Shak. Hatefulness ; atrociousness. B. Jon- son. Ugliness; deformity. Sidney. Dishonesty; want of candour. Hammond. FO'ULSPOKEN*, f6ul'-sp6-kn. a. Contumelious; slanderous. Titus Andronicus. FO'UMART*. n. s. [Jul, Su. Goth, and mart.] A polecat. Ascham. FOUND, found. 313. The preterit and participle passive of 'find. To FOUNDS, found. 313. v. a. [fundare, Lat.] To lay the basis of any building. Matthew, vii. To build ; to raise. Davies. To establish ; to erect. Milton. To give birth or original to; as, Re found- ed an art. To raise upon, as on a principle or ground. Locke. To fix firm. Shakspeare. To FOUND, fOund. v. a. [fu?idere, Lat.] To form by melting and pouring into moulds ; to cast. Mil ton. FOUNDATION, foun-da'-shun. n. s, The basis or lower parts of an edifice. Hooker. The act of fix- ing the basis. Tickell. The principles or ground on which any notion is raised. Tilloison. Origin- al ; rise. Hooker. A revenue settled and establish- ed for any purpose, particularly charity. Swift. Establishment ; settlement. FOUNDA'TIONLESS*, f6un-da/-shun-les. a. With- out foundation. Hammond. FOUNDER, foun'-dfir. 98. n. s. A builder; one who raises an edifice. Waller. One who establishes a revenue for an)' purpose. Bentley. One from whom any thing has its original or beginning. Addison. [Fondeur, Fr.] A caster; one who forms figures by casting melted matter into moulds. Grew. To FO'UNDER£, fo&n'-dur. 313. v. a. [femdre, Fr.] To cause such a soreness and tenderness in a horse's foot, that he is unable to set it to the ground. Dor set. To FO'UNDER, f6un'-dur. v. n. To sink to the bot - torn. Raleigh. To fail ; t© miscarry. Shakspeare To trip ; to fall. Clwnwer. FO'UNDEROUS*, fc-un'-dor-us. a. Failing; not equal to use. Ruinous. Burke. FO'UNDERY, f"6un'-dur-e. n. s. A place where figures are formed of melted metal; a casting- house. FO'UNDLING, f3und'-l?ng. n. s. A child exposed to chance ; a ch'ld found without any parent or owner. Sidnei/. FOUNDRESS, fOun'-dres. n.s. A woman that founds, builds, establishes, causes, or begins, any thing. Warner. A woman that establishes any charitable revenue. Ashmole. FOUNT*, fount. 313. ) n. s. [fons, Lat FO'UNTAIN §, foun'-tm. 208. S foniaine, Fr.] A well ; a spring. Milton. A small basin of spring- ing water. Addison. A jet ; a spout of water. Bacon. The head or first spring of a river. Dry- den. Original ; first principle ; first cause. Com- mon Prayer. — [In printing.) A set or quantity of characters or letters. See Fokt. FO'UNTAINHEAD*, f6iV-tm-hed. n. s. Original ; first principle. Young. FOUNTA1NLESS, foun'-tln-le's. a. Having no fountain ; wanting a spring. Milton. FO ; UNTFUL, fdfint'-f fil. a. Full of springs. Chap- man. FOUR §, fore. 318. a. [peopeji, Sax.] Twice two Pope. FOURBE, fSdrb. 315. n. s. [Fr.] A cheat; a trick- ing fellow. Denham. Ob. J. FOURFOLD, fore'-fild. a. Four limes told. 2 Sam. FOURFO'OTED. f6re'-fut-gd. a. Quadruped ; hav- ing four feet. Dryden. FO'URRIER* f 66r'-reer. n. s. [fourier, Fr.] A harbinger. Sir G. Buck. FOURSCO'RE, f6re'-sk6re. a. [four and score ] Four times twenty ; eight}'. Bacon. FRA FRA HT 559.— Kite, far, fall, fat;— me, m£t;— pine, p?n 5- FOURSQUA'RE, fore'-skware. a. Quadrangular 3 having four sides and angles equal. Raleigh. FOURTEEN, flW-teen. a. [reopenfcyn, Sax.J Four and ten ; twice seven. Shaksmare. FOURTEENTH, fore'-teentfj. a. The ordinal of fourteen ; the fourth after the tenth. Brown. FOURTH, ibrth. a. The ordinal of four : the first after the third. Shakspeare. FO'URTHLY, fdrf/t' le. ad. In the fourth place. Ba- con. FOURWHE'ELED, fore'-hweeld. a. Running upon twice two wheels. Pope. FO'UTRA, fo6'-tra. n. s. [/b^/e,Fr.] A fig; a scoff. Shakspeare. Ob. J. FO'UTY* foo'-te. a. \foutu, Fr.] Desr>icable. FOWL§, fjju. 223. n.s. [ru^el, puhl, Sax.] A winged animal ; a bird. Fowl is used collectively : as, We dined upon fish and fowl. Shakspeare. To FOWL, foul. v.n. To kill birds for food or game. Blackstone. FO'WLER, foul'-ur. 98. n. s. A sportsman who pur- sues birds. Phillips. FO'WLFNG*, foul'-lng. n. s. Catching birds with birdlime, nets, and other devices ; shooting birds ; and also falconrv or hawking. FO'WLINGPIECE, foul'-fng-peese. n. s. A gun for the shooting of birds. Mortimer. FOX§, foks. n.s. [pox, Sax.] A wild animal of the canine kind, remarkable for its cunning, living in holes, and preying upon fowls or small animals. Locke. A knave or cunning fellow. Of.way. For- merly, a cant expression for a sword. Shakspeare. To FOX*, foks. v. a. {foxa, Su. Goth.] To slupify ; to make drunk. Boyle. FO'XCASE, foks'-kase. n. s. A fox's skin. V Es- trange. FO'XCHASE, foks'-tshase. n. s. The pursuit of the fox with hounds. Pope. FO'XERY* . f&ks'-e-re. n. s. Behaviour like that of a fox. Chaucer. FO XEVIL, foks'-e-vl. n. s. A kind of disease in which the hair sheds. FO'XFISEU f oks'-flsh. n. s. A fish. FOXGLOVE, foks'-gluv. n. s. A plant. Miller. FO'XHOUND*, f oks'-l^und. n. s. A hound for chasing foxes. Shenstone. FO'XHUNTER, foks'-hunt-ur. n. s. A man whose chief ambition is to show his bravery in hunting foxes. Spectator. FO'XISH*, f6ks / -?sh. a. Cunning ; artful, like a fox. Tyrwhitt. FO'XLIKE* f oks'-llke. a. Resembling the cunning of a fox. FO'XLY*, foksMe. a. Having the qualities of a fox. Mirror for Magistrates. FO'XSHIP, foks'-sbip. n. s. The character of a fox ; cunning ; mischievous art. Shakspeare. FOXTAIL, foks'-tale. n. s. A plant. FO'XTRAP, f oks'-trap. n. s. A gin or snare to catch foxes. Toiler. FO XY*, foks'-e. a. Belonging to a fox. Huloei. Wily as a fox. Ahp. Cranmer. FOY, f Se. n. s. \_foi. Fr.] Faith ; allegiance. Spenser. Ok. J. FOY*, f3e. n. s. [foey, Teut.] A feast given by one who is about to leave a place. England's Jests. FO'YSON. See Foison. To FRACT, frakt. v. a. [fractos, Lat.] To break ; to violate ; to infringe. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. FRACTION §, frak'-shun. n. s. [f radio, Lat.] The act of breaking ; the state of being broken. Burnet. A broken part of an integral. Brown. FRACTIONAL, frak'-shun-al. 88. a. Belonging to a broken number. Cocker. FRACTIOUS*, frak'-slms. a. Cross ; peevish ; fret- ful. FRACTURES, frak'-tshure. 461. n.s. [fractura, Lat.] Breach ; separation of continuous parts. Hale. The separation of the continuity of a bone in living bodies. Herbert. To FRACTURE, frak'-tshire. b. a. To break a bone. Wiseman. To break any thing. Shenstone. FRAGILE^, fradje'-il. 140. a. [fragilis, Lat.] Brf? tie j easily snapped or broken. Bcxon. Weak uncertain 3 easily destroyed. Milton. §Cr All onr orthoepists are uniform in the pronunciatio* of this word with the a short. W. FRAGILITY, fra-jil'-e-te. n.s. Brittleness; easi ness to be broken. Bacon. Weakness ; uncertain- ty. Kjiolles. Frailty ; liableness to fault. Wotton FRAGMENT §, frag'-ment. n. s. [fragmmlum Lat.] A part broken from the whole ; an imper feet piece. Dry den. FRAGMENTARY, frag'-men-tar-e. a. Composed of fragments. Donne. FRA'GORtfrk'-gbr. 166, 544. [See Drama.] n. s. [Lat.] A noise ; a crack ; a crash. Sandys. A sweet smell 3 a strong smell. Sir T. Herbert. Ob. J. FRA'GRANCE, fra'-granse. )n. s. Sweetness of FRAGRANCY, fra'-gran-se $ smefl; pleasing scent ; grateful odour Milton. FRA'GRANTS, fra'-grant. 644. a. [fragrans, Lat.] Odorous; sweet of smell. Milton. 05= This word is sometimes, but improperly, heard with the a in the first syllable pronounced short. — See Drama. W. FRA'GRANTLY, fra'-grant-le. ad. With sweet scent. Mortimer. FRAIL, frale. 202. n. s. [fraile, old Fr.] A basket made of rushes. Barret. A rush for weaving baskets. FRAIL §, frale. a. [fragilis, Lat.] Weak 3 easily decaying ; subject to casualties 5 easily destroyed. Davies. Weak of resolution 3 liable to errour or seduction. Bp. Taylor. FRAILNESS, frale'-nes. n. s. "Weakness 3 instabili- ty. Norn's. FRA'ILTY, frale'-le. n. s. Weakness of resolution $ instability of mind ; infirmity. Locke. Fault pro- ceeding from weakness ; sins of infirmity. Law. FRATSCHEUR, fra'-shure. n. s. [Fr.] "Freshness; coolness. Dryden. FRAISE, fraz'e. 202. n. s. [Fr.] A pancake with bacon in it. Fraises are pointed stakes in fortifica- tion. To FRAME §, frame, v. a. [ppemman, Sax.] T® form or fabricate by orderly construction. Spenser. To fit one to another. Abbot. To make ; to com- pose. Sliak. To regulate; to adjust. Tillotson. To form to any rule or method by study or precept. Shak. To form and digest by thought. Locke. To contrive 3 to plan. Clarendon. To settle ; to scheme out. Sliakspeare. To invent 5 to fabricate. Baron. To FRAME*, frame, p. n. To contrive. Judges. FRAME, frame, n. s. A fabrick 3 anything construct- ed of various parts or members. Hooker. Any thing made so as to enclose or admit something else. Newton. Order; regularity; adjusted series or disposition. Shak. Scheme ; order. Clarendon Contrivance ; projection. Shale. Mechanical con struction. Shape ; form ; proportion. Hudibras. FRA'MER, frame'-ur. 98. n. s. Maker ; former ; con triver ; schemer. Hammond. FRA'MEWORK* frame'-wfirk. n.s. Work done in a frame. Milton. FRA 'MING*, fra'-mlng. n. s. A joining together ; as the framing of a house, i. e. the timber-work in it. FRA'MPOLD, fram'-pold. a. Peevish 5 boisterous ; rugged ; crossgrained. Hacket. FRA'NCHISE §, fran'-tshlz. 140. n.s. Exemption from any onerous duty. Privilege 5 immunity 3 right granted. Davies. District 3 extent of juris- diction. Spenser. To FRA'NCHISE, fran'-tshiz. v. a. To enfranchise ; to make free. Shak. To possess a right or privilege. Mirror for Magistrates. FRA'NCHISEMENT*, fran'-tshiz-ment. n. s. Re- lease ; freedom. Spenser. & FRANCISCAN*, fran-sfs'-kan. n. s. A monk of the order of St. Francis. Weever. FRANCPSCAN*, fran-sJs'-kan. a. Relating to the order of St. Francis. Milton. 404 FRA FRE — 116, mOve, nor, not; — tube, tub, b&H; — oil; — pound; — ih'm, this. FRANGIBLE, fran'-j^bl. 405. a. [frango, Lat.] Fragile ; brittle ; easily broken. Boyle. ERA'NION, fran' -yun. n.s. A paramour; a boon companion. Spenser. FRANKS, frangk. 408. a. [franc, Fr.] Liberal; generous ; not niggardly. Bacon. Open ; ingenu- ous ; sincere ; not reserved. Shak. Without con- ditions ; without payment. Spenser. Not restrain- ed; licentious. Spenser. Fatted; in good condi- tion. Bale. FRANK, frangk. n. s. A place to feed hogs in ; a sty. Shak. A letter which pays no postage. Pope. A French coin. To FRANK, frangk. v. a. To shut up in a frank or sty. Shak. To teed high ; to fat ; to cram. Hoi- ingshed. To exempt letters from postage. Swift. FRANKALMOl GNE, frangk-al-mom'. n. s. A ten- ure in frankalmoigne, according to Britton, is a tenure by divine service. Ayliffe. FRAiNKCHA'SE*, frangk-tshase'. ra, s. Afree chase; the liberty of free chase. Howell. FRANKINCENSE, frangk'-ln-sense. n. s. {frank and incense.'] A dry, resinous substance, in pieces or drops, of a pale 3-ellowish-white colour ; a strong smell, but not disagreeable; and a bitter, acrid, and resinous taste. Exod. FRA'NKlSH^frangk'-lsh. a. Relating to the Franks. Verstegan. FRA'NKLIN, fraugk'-lln. n. s. A freeholder of con- siderable property. Spenser. FRANKLY, frangk'-le. ad. Liberally; freely; kindly; readily. St. Luke, vii. Withcfat constraint. Clarendon. Without reserve. Clarendon. FRANKNESS, frangk'-nls. n. s. Plainness of speech ; openness ; ingenuousness. Clarendon. Liberality; bounteousness. Freedom from re- serve. Sidney. FRANKPLEDGE, frangk-plgdje'. n. s. [franci- plegium, Lat.] A pledge or surety for freemen. ( 1 owel. FRANKS*, frangks. n. s. People of Franconia in Germany; and the ancient French. Verstegan. An appellation given by the Turks, Arabs, and Greeks, to all the people of the western parts of Europe. FRAI\TICK§, fran'-tik. a. [corrupted from phrene- tick. See Phrenetics.] Mad; deprived of under- standing by violent madness. Spenser. Transport- ed by violence or passion ; outrageous ; turbulent. Hooker. Simply mad. Shakspeare. FRA'NTICKLY, fran'-tik-le. ad. Madly; distract- edly ; outrageouslv. Bale, FRANT1CKNESS, fran'-tfk-nes. n.s. Madness; fury of passion; distraction.' Shenoood. FRATE'RNAL $,fia-teV-nal. 88. a. [fraternus, Lat.] Brotherly ; pertaining to brothers ; becoming broth- ers. Hammond. FRATERNALLY, fra-uV-nal-e. ad. In a brotherly manner. Cotgrave. FRATERNITY, fra-teY-ne-te. n. s. The state or quality of a brother. Body of men united ; cor- poration ; society ; association ; brotherhood. L' Es- trange Men of the same class or character. South. FRATERNIZATION*, frat-ur-ne-za'-shun. n.s. A sort of brotherhood. Burke. To FRATERNIZE*, fra-ter'-nlze. v. n. To concur with ; to be near unto ; to agree as brothers. FRATRICIDE, frat'-re-slde. 143. n. s. [fratneidi- um, Lat.] The murder of a brother. Maundrell. One who kills a brother. L. Addison. FRAUDS, frawd. 213. n. s. [fraus, Lat.] Deceit ; cheat ; trick ; artifice ; subtilty ; stratagem. Mil- ton. Misfortune ; damage. Milton. FRAUDFUL, frawd'-ful. a. Treacherous; artful; trickish ; deceitful ; subtle. Shakspeare. FRAUDFULLY, frawd'-ful-le. ad. Deceitfully; artfully; subtly. FRAUDULENCE, fraw'-du-lense. )n. s. Deceit- FRAUDULENCY, fraw'-du-len-se. $ fulness ; trick- ishness ; proneness to artifice. Hooker. J)^f" For the propriety of pronouncing the d in these words like j, see Principles, No. 293, 376. W. 38 FRAUDULENT, fraw'-du-leut. a. [fraudulentus, Lat.] Full of artifice ; trickish ; subtle ; deceitful. Milton. Performed by artifice ; deceitful ; treach- erous. Milton. FRA'UDULENTLY,fraw'-di-lent-le. ad. By fraud; by deceit ; by artifice ; deceitfully. Wooltou. FRAUGHT $, fiawt. 393. particip. pass, [yraclitea, Teut.] Laden ; charged. S/utk. Filled ; stored . thronged. Hooker. FRAUGHT, fravvt. n. s. [vracht, Teut.] A freight ; a cargo. Shakspeare. To FRAUGHT, frawt. v. a. To load ; to crowd Bacon. FRA'UGHTAGE, fraw'-tMje. n. s. Lading; cargo Milton. FRAY§, fra. 220. n. s. [effrayer, Fr.] A battle ; a fig'ht. Fairfax. A duel ; a combat. Denlvctm. A broil ; a quarrel ; a riot of violence. Snakspeare. To FRAY, fra. v. a. To fright : to terrify. Spenser. To rub ; to wear. Tatler. To burnish, as a deer his head, by rubbing. WJialley. FRAYING*, fra'-mg. n, s. Peel of a deer's horn. B FREAKS, fi-eke. 227. n. s. [freka, Icel.] A sudden and causeless change of place. A sudden fancy ; a humour ; a whim ; a capricious prank. Spectator. To FREAK, freke. v. a. [J'reken, a freckle, or spot.] To variegate ; to chequer. Milton. FREAKISH, freke'-'ish. a. Capricious; humor* some. Barrow. FREAKISHLY, freke'-Ssh-le. ad. Capriciously; humorsomely. FRF/A KISHNESS, freke'-fsh-n^s. n. s. Capacious- ness ; humorsomeness ; whimsicalness. To FREAM, freem. v. n. [fremere, Lat.] To growl or grunt as a bear. Bailey. FRE'CKLE §, frek'-kl. 405. n. s. [freken, a mole or spot] A spot raised in the skin by the sun. Drij- den. Anv small spot or discoloration. Evelyn. FRE'CKLED, frek'-kld. 339. a. Spotted ; maculat- ed. Levit. xiii. FRE'CKLEDNESS*, freV-kld-nk;. n. s. The state of being freckled. Sherwood. FRE'CKLEFACED*, fiekMd-faste. a. Having a face full of freckles. Beaumont and Fletcher. FRE'CKLY, freV-kle. a. Full of freckles. Sherwood. FRED. The same with peace. So Frederick is, powerful or wealthy in peace ; Winfred, victorious peace. Gibson. FREES, free. 246. a. [pjieah, Sax.] At liberty 5 not enslaved. Temple. Uncompeiled ; unrestrained. Hooker. Not bound by fate ; not necessitated. Milton. Permitted ; allowed. Milton. Licentious; unrestrained. Temple. Open ; ingenuous ; frank. Otwaij. Acquainted ; conversing without reserve. HakewilL Liberal ; not parsimonious. Pope. Frank ; not gained by importunity ; not purchas- ed. Bacon. Clear from distress. Shak. Guiltless : innocent. Shak. Exempt. Denham. Invested with franchises ; possessing any thing without vas- salage. Dry den. Without expense ; as, a free school. South. Accomplished; genteel; charm- ing. Chaucer. Ready; eager. Spenser. To FREE, free. v. a. To set at liberty ; to rescue from slavery ; to manumit ; to loose. 2 Mace. ii. To rid from ; to clear from any thing ill. Claren- don. To clear from impediments or obstructions. Dry den. To banish ; to send away ; to rid Shak. To exempt. Rom. vi. FREEBO'OTER^-ee-bSS'-tur.Cfree'-bSo-tur,/^^.] n. s. A robber ; a plunderer ; a pillager. Bacon. FREEBO'OTING, free-bSd'-tmg. n.s. Robbery; plunder. Spenser. FRE EBORN, free / -b6rn. a. Not a slave ; inheriting liberty. Acts, xxii. FRE'ECHAPEL, free-tshap'-el n. s. A chapel of the king's foundation, and by him exempted from the jurisdiction of the ordinary. The king may also license a subject to found such a chapel, Cowel. FREECO'ST, free'-kost. n.s. Without expense, free from charges. South. 405 FRE FRE \£T 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m§t;— pine, pin ;- To FREE-DE'NIZEN*, free-den'-e-zn. v. a. [free and denizen.} To make free. J?». //«//. FREE-DE'NTZEN*. free-den'-e-zn. n.s. A citizen. />r. Jackson. FRE EDxMAN, freed'-man. n. 5. A slave manumit- ted. Dryaen. FRE'EDOM, free'-dum. 166. n. s. Liberty; exemp- tion from servitude ; independence. Svenser. Privi- leges; franchises; immunities. Shalt. Power of enjoying franchises. Swift. Exemption from fate, necessity, or predetermination. South. Unrestraint. 1 Mace. The state of being without any particu- lar evil or inconvenience. Law. Ease or facility in doing or showing any thing. Assumed fa- miliarity. FREEFCVOTED, free-fut'-ed. a. Not restrained in the march. SJiakspeare. FREEHEARTED, free-har'-ted. a. Liberal; un- restrained. Homilies. FRE'EHOLD, free'-hold. n. s. That land or tene- ment which a man holdeth in fee, fee-tail, or for term of life. Cowel. FREEHOLDER, froe'-hol-dur. n. s. One who has a freehold. Davies. FRE'ELY, free'-le. ad. At liberty ; without vassal- age,; without slavery ; without dependence. With- out restraint; heartily. South. Plentifully; lavish- ly. Shale. Without scruple ; without reserve. Pope. Without impediment. Aschtan. Without ne- cessity; without predetermination, Milton. Frank- ly; liberally. South. Spontaneously; of its own accord. FRE'EMAN, free'-man. 88. n. s. One not a slave ; not a vassal. Locke. One partaking of rights, privi- leges, or immunities. Dryden. FREEMASON*, free-ma'-sn. 170. See Mason. - FREEMFNDED, free-minded, a. Unperplexed; without load of care. Bacon. FRE'ENESS, free'-nes. n. s. The state or quality of being free. More. Openness; unreserveclness ; ingenuousness; candour. Dryden. Generosity; liberality. Sprat. FRE'ER*, free'-ur. n. s. One who gives freedom. Sherwood. FREESCHCKOL, free'-skoSl. n. s. A school in which learning is given without pay. Davies. FREESPO'KEN, free-sp^'-kn. 103. a. Accustomed to speak without reserve. Bacon. FRE'ESTONE, free'-stone. n.s. Stone commonly used in building, so called from its being of such a constitution as to be wrought and cut freely in any direction. Woodward. FREETHINKER, free-tfnngk'-ur. n.s. A libertine; a contemner of religion. Addison. FREETHI'NKING*, free-tfilngk'-?ng. n. s. Con- tempt of religion ; licentious ignorance. Bp. Berkeley. FREETO'NGUED*, free-tungd'. a. Accustomed to speak freely and openly. Bp. Hall. FREEWA'RREN*, free-wor'-rln. «. s. [free and warren.'] A privilege of preserving and killing "•ame. Blackstone. FREEWx'LL, free-will', n. s. The power of direct- ing our own actions without constraint by necessi- ty or fate. Locke. Voluntariness; spontaneity. Ezra, vii. FREEWO'MAN, free/-wum-un. n. s. A woman not enslaved. 1 Mace. ii. To FREEZE, freeze. 246. v. n. pret. froze, [vrk- son, Dutch.] To be congealexl with cold. Ra!y. To be of that degree of eoM by which water is congealed. Shakspeare. To FREEZE, freeze, r. a. pret. froze, part frozen, or froze. To congeal with cold. .Milion.. f'Vo kill by cold. Shak. To chill by the -toss of power or motion. Shakspeare. To FREIGHT §, frate. 249, 393. v. a. ■preter. freight- ed ; part, fraught, or freighted, [vrachlen, Tent.] To load a ship or vessel of carriage with goods for transportation. Slutk. To load as the burthen ; to be the thing with which a vessel is freighted. Shakspeare. FREIGHT, feate. 249. [See Eight.! n.s. Any tiling with which a ship is loaded. Dryden. The money due for transportation of goods. FREIGHTER, frate'-ur. n. s. He who freights a vessel. FREN, fren. n. s. A stranger. Spenser. Ob. J. FRENCH $#, frensh. n. s. The people of France. Verstegan. The language of the French. Carfideri, FRENCH*, frensh. a. Belonging to the French. Ad dison. FRENCH Chalk, frentsh'-tshawk'. n.s. An iridu rated clay, extremely dense, of a smooth, glossy surface, and soft to the touch. Woodward. FRENCH Grass*, n.s. Saint-foin. FRENCH Horn*, n.s. A musical instrument of the wind kind, used in hunting; and, in modem times, in regular concerts. Graves. j To FRENCHIFY, frensh'-e-fl. v. a. To infect with I the manner of France ; to make a coxcomb. Cam- I den. FRENCHLIKE* frentsh'-llke. a. Imitating the French fashion. Bp. Hall. FRENETIC K, fre-neV-ik, or fren'-e-dk. [See Phrenetick.] a. [typevnmebs.] Mad; distracted. Milton. FRE'NZICAL* fren'-ze-kaL a. [from frenzy.} Ap- proaching to madness. FRENZY. fyeV-ze. n. s. [otv'tTi?.'\ Madness ; dis- traction of mind ; alienation of understanding ; any violent passion approaching to madness. Senileij. FREQUENCE, fre'-kwense. 544, n. s. Crowd j concourse; 'assembly-. Bp. Hall. Repetition. Bp. 05= Some speakers, and those not vulgar ones, pro- nounce the e, in the first syllable of this and the follow- ing words, when the accent is on it, siiort; as if writ- Jen frck-wense, frek-wently, &.c. They have undoubt- edly tiie short e in the Latin frequens to plead; and the Latin quantity is often found to operate in angli- cised words of two syllables, will) the accent on the first : but usage, in these words, seems decidedly against this pronunciation. Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kcnrick, Mr Elphinston, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, Mr. Smith, W. John- ston, and, if we may judge by the position of the ac- cent, Dr. Ash and Entick, are for the e long iu the first syllable ; and Buchanan, only, marks it with the short e. The verb to frequent., having the accent on the second syllable, is under a different predicament. — See Dra- ma. W. FREQUENCY, fre'-kwen-se. n. s. Common oc- currence ; the condition of being often seen or done. Atterbury. Concourse; full assembly. B. Jonson. FRE'QUENT §, fre'-kwent. 492. a. [frequens, Lai.] Often done; often seen ; often occurring. Duty of Mian. Used often to practise any thing. Swift. Full ofconcour.se. B. Jonson. To FREQUENT, fre-kwent'. 492. r. a. [frequeMo Lat.J To visit often ; to be much in any place Spenser. FREQ.UENTAELE, fre-kwent'-iL-bl. a. Conversa ble ; accessible. Sidney. FREQUENTA'TION* fre-kwen-ta'-shun. n> s. Re sort; the act of visiting. Donne. FREQUENTATIVE, fre-kwen'-ta-tiv. a. A gram matical term, applied to verbs signifying the (re quent repetition of an action. FREQUENTER, fVe-kwent'-fir. n. s. One who of ten resorts to any place. Dr. Jackson. FREQUENTLY, fre'-kwent-le. ad. Often; com- monly'';' uot rarely. SttnfL- FRE' SCO, fres'-ko. n.s. [liah] Coolness; shade; duskiness. Prior. A. painting on fresh plaster, or on a wait laid with h%tar not yet dry; used . for, .alcoves- and „o1,ber, buildings, in ; 4he.- ;fipe?r airr "'Tatler. " Sometimes used for any cool, .refreshing* liquor. FRESH §, fresh, a. [pperc, Sax.] Cool; not vapid with heat. Prior. Not salt. Abbot. New ; not had before. Dryden. New ; not impaired by time Beaum. and Fl. In a state like that of recentness Denham. Recent; newly come. Dryden. Re- paired from any loss or diminution. Dryden, FUn 406 FRI FRI -116, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull 5 — 6)1 ; — pfl&nd ; — thin, Tfiis. id; vigorous; cheerful; unfuded ; unimpaired. Bacon. Healthy in countenance ; ruddy. Sliak. Brisk ; strong- ; vigorous. Holder. Fasting ! op- posed to eating or drinking. Sweet : opposed to stale or stinking. Raw ; unripe in practice. Shah. FRESH, fresh, n. s. Water not salt. Sliak. A flood, or overflowing of a river. Crutwdl. To FRESH*, fresh, v. a. To refresh. Chancer. FRESH-BLOWN*, fresh'-bl6ne. a. Newly blown. Milton. To FRESHEN, fresh'-sh'n. 103. v. a. To make fresh. Thomson. To FRESHEN, fresh'-sh'n. v.n. To grow fresh. Pope. FRE'SHET, fresh'-et. 99. n. s. A stream of fresh water. Browne. FRESHFO'RCE*, fresh-forse'. n.s. [Inlaw.] A force done within forty days. Cowel. FRE'SHLY, fresh'-le. ad. Coolly. Newly ; in the former state renewed. Hooker. With a healthy look ; ruddily. Sha&speare. Gayly. Phdoet. FRE'SHMAN*, freW-man. n. s. A novice ; one in the rudiments of any knowledge. B. Jonson. FRE'SHiMANSHIP*, freslr'-man-shlp. n. s. The state of a freshman. Hales. FRE'SHNESS, fiesh'-nes. n.s. Newness ; vigour; spirit; the contrary to vapidness. Bacon,. Free- dom from diminution by time ; not staleness. South. Freedom from fatigue ; newness of strength. Haij- tcard. Coolness. Bacon. Ruddiness ; colour of health. Granville. Freedom from saltness. FRESHNE'W*, fresb-nu'. a. Wholly unacquainted ; unpractised. Shakspeare. FRESHWATER, fresh-wa'-tur. a. Raw; un- skilled ; unacquainted. Knolles. FRESH WA'TERED*, fresh-wa'-tfird. a. Sup- plied with fresh water ; newly watered. Akenside. FRET §, fret, n. s. [/roller, Fr.] A frith, or strait of the sea, where the water by confinement is always rough. Brown. Any agitation of liquors by fer- mentation or other cause. Addison. That stop of the musical instrument which causes cr regulates the vibrations of the string. Bacon. Work rising in protuberances. Bacon. Agitation of the mind ; commotion of the temper ; passion. [In heraldry.] A bearing composed of bars crossed and interlaced. To FRET, fret. v. a. To agitate violently by exter- nal impulse or action. Shah. To wear away by rubbing. Newton. To hurt by attrition. Shak. To corrode; to eat away. Psalm (Comm. Pr.) xxxix. To form into raised work. Milton. To variegate ; to diversify. Sliak. To make angry; to vex. Milton. To FRET, fret, v. n. To be in commotion ; to be agitated. Beaum. and Fl. To be worn away; to be corroded. Peacliam. To make way by attri- tion. Moxon. To be angry; to be peevish. Hooker. FRET*, frgt. part. a. Eaten away. Levit. xiii. FRE'TFUL, fret'-ful. a. Angry ; peevish. Harvey. FRE'TFULLY, fret'-ful-e. ad. Peevishly. FRE'TFULNESS, fret'-ffil-nes. n. s. Passion ; peev- ishness. Sir T. Herbert. FRE'TTER*, fret'-tfir. n.s. That which causes commotion or agitation. Beaumont and Fletcher. FRE'TTING*, fret'-tmg. n. s. Agitation ; commo- tion. Feltliam. FRE'TTY, fret'-te. a. Adorned with raised work. FRIABFLITY, frl-i-bil'-e-te. n. s. Capacity of be- ing easily reduced to powder. Locke. FRF ABLE $, fri'-a-bl. a. [friabilis, Lat.] Easily crumbled ; easily reduced to powder. Bacon. FRFAR§, frl'-ur. 88, 418. n.s. [frere, Fr.] A re- ligious; a brother of some regular order. Shak. FRFARLIKE, fri'-ur-llke. a. Monastick ; unskilled in the world. Knolles. FRPARLY, frl'-fir-le. a. Like a friar, or man un- taught in life. Fox. FRFARSCOWL,frl'-urz-k5ul.rc.s. A plant, hav- ing a flower resembling a cowl. FRIAR'S Lantern*, n. s. The ignis fatuus. Milton. FRPARY, frl'-ur-e. n. s. [frerie, Fr.] A monastery or convent of friars. Dwrdak. FRFBORGH*. frl'-burg. FRI'DBURGH* fr!d'-bfir FRFARY, fri'-ur-e. a. Like a friar. Camden. Be longing to a friary. Warton To FRFBBLE $, frlb'-bl. 495. v. n. [freed, Tent, or frivcle, Fr.] To trifle. Hudibras. To totter, like a weak person. Toiler. FRFBBLE*, frlb'-bl. a. Trifling ; silly ; frivolous Brit. Crit. FRFBBLE*, fnb'-bl. n. s. A frivolous, contemptible fellow; a silly fop. FRPBBLER, fiW-bl-fir. n. s. A trifler. Spectator, n. s. \frid and bor- gur', Goth.] The same as frankpledge. Cowel. FRFCACE*, frlk'-ase. n. s. [frixus, Lat.] Meat sliced, and dressed, with strong sauce. Lovelace An unguent, prepared by frying several materials together. B. Jonson. FRICASSEE*, fr)k-a-see'. n. s. [Fr.] A dish made by cutting chickens, or other small things , in pieces, and dressing them with strong sauce King. To FRl'CASSEE*, frik-a-see'. v. a. To dress in fricassee. Echard. FRICA'TION frl-ka'-shfin. n.s. [fricatio, Lat.] The actof rubbing one thing against another. Bacon. FRFCTION, frlk'-shun; n. s. [friclio, Lat.] The act of rubbing two bodies together. Newton. The re- sistance in machines caused by the motion of one body upon another. Medical rubbing with the fleshbrush or cloths. Bacon. FRFDAY, frl'-de. 223. n. s. [ppi^e-bce^ Sax.] The sixth day of the week, so named of Freya, a Saxon deity. Dry den. To FRIDGE*, frldje. v.n. [pjncian, Sax.] To move quickly. Hallywell. FRFDSTOLE* frfd'-stole. n - s - A sanctuary. Se« Fred. FRIEND §, frend. 278. n. s. [vriend, Dutch 5 pneonb, Sax.] One joined to another in mutual benevolence and intimacy. Ecclus. vi. One with- out hostile intentions. Shale. One reconciled to - another. Shak. An attendant, or companion. Dry den. Favourer; one propitious. Peacham. A fa miliar compellation. St. Malt. xxii. Formerly a cant expression for a paramour. Shak. — A friend i?i court. One who is supposed to possess sufficient interest, to serve another. Chaucer. To FRIEND, frend. v. a. To favour ; to befriend ; to countenance ; to support. Spenser. FRFENDED, frend'-ed. a. Well disposed. Shak. FRFENDLESS, frend'-les. a. Wanting friends; wanting support; destitute; forlorn. South. — Friendless man. The Saxon word for an outlaw. Burke. FRI/ENDLIKE*, frend'-llke. a. Having the dispo- sition of a friend. Drayton. FRFENDLINESS, frend'-le-nes. n. s. A disposition to friendship. Sidney. Exertion of benevolence. Bp. Taylor. FRFENDLY, frend'-le. a. Having the temper and disposition of a friend; kind; favourable. Milton. Disposed to union ; amicable. Pope. Salutary ; homogeneal. Milton. Favourable; convenient. Addison. FRFENDLY, frend'-le. ad. In the manner of friends, with appearance of kindness ; amicably. Ruth, ii. Concurrently ; in union. Beaumont and Fletcher. FRIENDSHIP, frend'-shlp. n.s. The state of minds united by mutual benevolence ; amity. Bacon. Highest degree of intimac}-. Dryden. Favour , personal kindness. Swift. Assistance ; help. Shak. Conformity; affinity; correspondence; aptness to unite. Dryden. FRIEZE § 7 freeze. 278. n. s. [drapde /rise, FrJ A coarse, warm cloth, made perhaps first in Fi-ies- land. Milton. FRIEZE, freeze. ) n. s. A large flat member FRIZE, freeze. 112. \ which separates the archi trave from the cornice ; of which there are as man} kinds as there are orders of columns. Hams. FRFEZED, frec'-zed, or freezd. a. Shagged or nap- ped with frieze. Hidoet. 407 FRI FRO O- 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: FRFEZELLKE, freezMlke a. Resembling- a frieze Addison. FRPGATE, frlg'-at. 91, 544. n. s. [frigate, Fr.] A small ship. Raleigh. Any small vessel on the wa> ter. Spenser. FRIGEFA'CTION, frld-je-fak'-shfin. 530. n. s. [frigus and ftcio, Lat.] The act of making cold. To FRIGHT $, filte. v.a. 393. [rpihtan, Sax.] To terrify; to disturb with fear. Locke. FRIGHT, frlte. n. s. A sudden terrour. Dryden. TbFRFGHTEN,fri'-t'n. 103. v. a. To terrify; to shock with dread. Prior. FRFGHTFUL, frlte'-ful. a. Terrible ; dreadful ; full of terrour. Shakspeare. FRFGHTFULLY; frlte'-ful-e. ad. Dreadfully; horribly. Burnet. Disagreeably ; not beautifully. Swift. FRI'GHTFULNESS, frlte'-ful-nes. n. s. The power of impressing terrour. Nelson. FRFGID $, frid'-jld. 544. a. [frigidus, Lat.] Cold; wanting warmth. Clieyne. Wanting warmth of affection. Impotent ; without warmth of body. Dull; without fire of fancy. Taller. FRIGFDITY, fre-jld'-e-te. n.s. [/rigiditas, Lat.] Coldness; want of warmth. Dulness; want of in- tellectual fire. Brown. Want of corporeal warmth. Glanville. Coldness of affection. FRFG1DLY, frid'-jld-le. ad. Coldly; dully; without affection. Dr. Warton. FRFGIDNESS, frld'-jld-nes. n. s. Coldness ; dul- ness; want of affection. FRIGORIFICK, frl-gd-rlf-lk a. [/rigorifcus, Lat.] Causing cold. Quincy. To FRILL, frll. *. n. [friller, Fr.] To quake or shiver with cold. Used of a hawk : as, The hawk frills. Diet. FRILL*, frll. n. s. A border on the bosom of a shirt, plaited or furled ; any thing collected into gathers. FRIM*, film. a. [ppeom, Sax.] Flourishing ; luxu- riant. Drayton. FRINGE §, frinje. n. s. [f range, Fr.] Ornamental ap- pendage added to dress or fVr&iture. Wotton. The edge; margin ; extremity Mountagu. To FRINGE, frinje. v. a. To adorn with fringes ; to decorate with ornamental appendages. Sidney. FRI'NGEM AKER*, frinje'-ma-kfir. n. s. A manu- facturer of fringe. Sivift. FRFNG Y*, frin'-je. a. Adorned with fringes. Shen- stone. FRFPPER $*, frlp'-pfir. n. s. [/rippier, Fr.] A deal- er in old things ; a broker. James. FRFPPERER, frfp'-pfir-fir. n. s. One who deals in old things vamped up. -Sherwood. FRITPERY, frlp'-pur-e. n. s. The place where old clothes are sold. Shak. Old clothes ; cast dresses ; tattered rags. B. Jonson. Trumpery; trifles. Swift. FRIPPERY*, frfp'-pur-re. a. Trifling; contempti- ble. Grav. FRISE' l/R*, fre-zure'. n. s. [Fr.] A hair-dresser. Warton. To FRISKS, frisk, v. n. [frisque, old Fr.] To leap; to skip. Bacon. To dance in frolick or gayety. Shakspeare. FRISK*, frisk, a. Lively ; jolly ; blithe. Bp. Hall. FRISK, frisk, n. s. A frolick ; a fit of wanton gayety. Feltham. FRFSKAL* frfs'-kal. n. s. A leap ; a caper. B. Jonson. RISK] stant or settled. Camden, FRFSKET*, frls'-kel. n. s. A part of a printing- press; a frame of iron, very thin, covered with parchment or paper, cut in the necessary places, that the sheet, which is between the great tympan and frisket, may receive the ink, and that nothing may hurt the margins. FRFSKFUL*, frlsk'-ful. a. Full of gayety. Thom- son. FRFSKINESS, frisk'-e-n§s. n. s. Gayety; liveli- FRFSKING*, frlsk'-lng. n. s. Frolicksome dancing wild gayety. Cudworth. FRFSKY, frfsk'-e. a. Gay ; airv. A low word. ToFRFSSLE*. See To Frizzle. FRIT, frit. n. s. [among chymists.] Ashes or salt baked or fried together with sand. Diet. FRITH, Mth. n. s. [/return, Lat.] A strait of the sea where the water, being confined, is rough. Dryden. A kind of net. Carew. FRITHS*, Mth. n. s. [frith, Welsh.] A woody place; a forest. Drayton. A small field taken out of a common. Wynne. FRFTHY*, frW-e. a. Woody. Skelton. FRITI'LARY, fre-tll'-a-re. n.s. A plant. Miller. FRFTINANCY, frlt'-e-nan-se. n.s. [frffimio, ,Lat.] The scream of an insect, as the cricket or cicada. Brown. FRFTTER^frlt'-tur. n.s. [/riiure, Fr.] A small piece cut to be fried. Tusser. A fragment; a small piece. Bacon. A cheesecake ; a wig. Ains- worth. To FRFTTER, frlt'-tur. v.a. To cut meat into small pieces to be fried. To break into small particles or fragments. Pope. FRIVOLITY* fre-vol'-e-te. n. s. Triflingness. Rob- ertson. FRI'VOLOUS§, friv'-6-jus. a. [frivolus, Lat.] Slight; trifling; of no moment. Hooker. FRFVOLOUSLY, frlv'-d-lus-le. ad. Triflingly ; with- out weight. Guardian. FRPVOLOUSNESS, frlv'-6-15s-nes. n. s. Want of importance ; triflingness. More. To FRIZZ*, friz. v. a. [/riser, or frizer, Fr.] To curl ; to crisp. Smollett. To FRFZZLE$, frlz'-zl. v. a. [/riser, Fr.] To curl in short curls like nap of frieze. Harmar. FRIZZLE*, frlz'-zl. n. s. A curl ; a lock of hair crisped. Milton. FRFZZLER, frlz'-zl-ur. n. s. One that makes short curls. FRO$, fro. ad. [ppa, Sax.] Backward; regressive- ly. It is used only in opposition to the word to ; to and /ro, backward and forward, to and /rom Spenser. A contraction of /rom ; not now used. B. Jonson. FROCK, fr&k. n.s. [/roc, Fr.] A dress; a coat. Shak. A kind of close coat for men. Dryden. A kind of gown for children. FROGS, frog. n.s. [pjioSfta, Sax.] A small ani- mal with four feet, living both by land and water, and placed by naturalists among mixed animals, as partaking of beast and fish. Shale. The hollow part of the horse's hoof. FROGRIT. frog'-bft. n. s. An herb. Ainsioorth. FRO'GFISH, frdg'-fish. n. s. A kind of fish. Ains- worth . FRO'GGRASS, frog'-gras. n. s. A kind of herb. FRO'GGY*, frog'-ge. a. Having frogs. Sher- wood. FRO'GLETTUCE, frog'-let-tls. n. s. A plant. FROISE, frols. n. s. [/roisser, Fr.] A kind of food made by frying bacon enclosed m a pancake. FRO'LICK^froF-lk. a. [ppeohce, Sax.] Gay; full of levity: full of pranks. Shakspeare. FRO'LICK, fr&l'-lk. n. s. A wild prank; a flight of whim and levity. Roscommon. To FRO LICK, frol'-lk. v. n. To play wild pranks ; to play tricks of levity and gayety. Glanville. FRO'LICKLY, frol'-lk-le. ad. Gayly ; wildly. Beau- mont and Fletcher. FRO'LICKSOME, fr&l'-lk-sum. a. Full of wild FjfoTPCKSOMENESS, frol'-lk-sum-nes. n. s Wildness of gayety ; pranks. FRO'LICKSOMELY, frol'-lk-sum-le. ad. With wild gavety. FROM $, "'from. prep, [ppam, Sax.] Away : noting privation. Dryden. Noting reception. Pope. Not- mg procession descents, or birth. Blo.ckmore. Not- ing transmission. Shak. Noting abstraction or vaca- tion. Shak. Noting succession. Burnet. Out of : noting emission. Milton. Noting progress from FRO FRO — n6, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull; — oil ; — pound ; — thin, THis. premises to inferences. Bacon. Noting the place or person from whom a message is brought, Shak. Out of: noting extraction. Aildison. Because of: noting the reason or motive of an act or effect: I Dryden. Out of: noting the ground or cause of an} 7 thing. Dryden. INotnearto: noting distance. Shak. Noting separation or recession. Shak. Noting exemption or deliverance. Prior. Noting absence. Shak. Noting derivation. Dryden. Since: noting distance from the past. Raleigh. Contra- ry to. Shak. Noting removal. Dryden. From is very frequently joined by an ellipsis with adverbs; as, from above, from the parts above. FRO'MWARD, fnW-ward. prep, [priam and peanb, Sax.] Away from; the contrary lo the word towards. Sidney. Ob. T. FROND*, frond, n. s. [fronde, Fr.] A green or leafy branch or bough. Cotgrave FROND A'TION*, fr6n-da'-sliQn. n. s. [frondatio, Lat.] A looping" of trees. Evelyn, FRONDITEROUS, fron-d'if-fe-rus. a. [frottdifer, Lat] Bearing leaves. Dkt. FRONT f, front, or front 165. n. s. [frons, Lat.] The face. Prior. The face, in a sense of censure or dislike; as, a hardened front; a fierce front. Milton. The face, as opposed to an enemy. Milton. The part or place opposed to the face. Bacon. The van of an army. Milton. The forepart of any thing, as of a building. Bacon. The most con- spicuous part or particular. Shakspeare. 5C?° Mr- Sheridan marks this word in the second manner only ; but I am much mistaken if custom does not al- most universally adopt the tirst If the second is ever used, it seems to be in poetry, and that of the most sol- emn kind. Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, and Mr. Perry, pronounce it in the first manner ; and Mr. Sheridan and ] Mr. Smith in the last. Mr. Scott gives it both ways, j but seems to prefer the last. Mr. Narcs gives it in the j first manner, but says it is sometimes pronounced regu- ' 3ariy. W. To FRONT, front v. a. To oppose directly, or face to face ; to encounter. Bacon. To stand opposed or over-against any place or thing. Addison. To FRONT, front, v. n. To stand foremost. Shak. FRO'NTAL, fr&nt'-al. 88. n. s. [frontale, Lat.] Any external form of medicine to l>e applied to the I forehead. Quincy. [In architecture.] A little pedi- ment over a small door or window. A bandage worn on the forehead ; a frontlet. FRO'NTATED, fron'-ta-ted. a. [from, Lat.] The J'r'oftated leaf of a flower grows broader and broad- er, and at last perhaps terminates in a right line : in opposition to cuspated, which is, when the leaves end in a point Quincy. FRO'NTBOX, frunt'-boks. n.s. The box in the play- house from which there is a direct view to the stage. Pope. FRO'NTED, frunt'-ed. a. Formed with a front. Mi/ton. FRO'NTlER§, fron'-tsheer, or frorit'-yeer. 113. n. s. [ f rontiere, Fr.] The marches; the "limit; the ut- most verge of any territory ; the border. Spenser. Formerly, the forts built along the bounds of any territory. Ives. FRONTIER, fron'-tsheer, or front'-yeer. 450, 461. a. Bordering; conterminous. Addison. FRO NTIERED*, fron'-tsheerd. a. Guarded on the frontiers. Spenser. FRONT JNIA'CK Wine*, fron-t?n-yak'. ji.s. [from a town of LanguedoCj so called.] A rich wine. Sir I A. Weldon. i FRONTISPIECE, fr6n / -t?s-peese. n. s. [frontis-l picium, Lat.] That part of any building or other; body that directly meets the eye. Milton. \ FRO'NTLESS, frunt'-lgs. a. Not blushing ; wanting | shame; void of diffidence. Drifden. FRO'NTLET, fr6nf -let n. s. {frons, Lat] A ban- \ dage worn upon the forehead. Dent. vi. FRONTRO'OM, frimt'-room. n. s. An apartment in j the forepart of the hotse. Moxon. FRO'PPISH* frop'-plsh. a. Peevish ; froward, Ld. ! Clarendon. I FRORE, frore. part. a. [bevroren, Dutch.] Frozen. Milton. Ob. J. FRORNE, frorne. part. a. Frozen ; congealed with cold. Spe?iser. Ob. J. FRO'RY*, frtV-re. a. Frozen. Spenser. Covered with a froth resembling hoar frost. Fairfax. FROST §, frost n. s. [pporfc, Sax.] The last effect of cold ; the power or act of congelation. South. The appearance of plants and trees sparkling with congelation of dew. Pope. FROSTBITTEN, frost'-bit-tn. 103. a. Nipped o* withered by the frost. Mortimer. FRO'STED, frcV-ted. a. Laid on in inequalities like those of the hoar frost upon plants. Gay. FROSTILY, frus'-te-le. ad. With frost; with exces sivecold. Without warmth of affection. B. Jonson. FRO'STINESS, frds'-te-nGs. n. s. Cold ; fieezing cold. FROSTNA1L, frost'-nale. n. s. A nail with a prom- inent head driven into the horse's shoes, that it may pierce the ice. Grew. FROSTWORK, frost'-wurk. n. s. Work in which the substance is laid on with inequalities, like the dew congealed upon shrubs. Warburton. FROSTY, frds'-te. a. Having the power of congela- tion ; excessive cold. Bacon. Chill in affection ; without warmth of kindness or courage. Shak. Hoary ; gray-haired ; resembling frost. Shak. FROTH §, froth. 163. n.s. [frae. Danish and Scottish.] Spume ; foam ; the bubbles caused in liquors by agitation. Bacon. Any empty or senseless show of wit or eloquence. Any thing not solid, or sub- stantial. Tusser. To FROTH, froth, v. n. To foam ; to throw out spume. Dryden. To FROTH*, froth, v. a. To make to froth. Beau- mont and Fletclier. FROTHILY, frM'-e-le. ad. With foam; with spume. Sliertvood. In an empty, trifling manner. FRO'THINESS*, frbth'-e-nh. n. s. Emptiness ; tri flingness. South. JFRO'THY, froth'-e. a. Full of foam, froth, or spume. Bacon. Soft; not solid; wasting. Bacon. Vain; empty ; trifling. Tillotson. FROUNCE, frounse. 313. n. s. A distemper, in which white spittle gathers about the hawk's bill. Skinner. To FROUNCE §, frounse. v. a. [froncer, or fronser, Fr.] To frizzle or curl the hair about the face. Spenser. FROUNCE*, fro&nse. n. s. A wrinkle; a plait; a fringe, or curl, or some ornament of dress. Beau- mont and Fletclier. FROUNCELESS*, frounse'-les. a. Without wrin- kle. Chaucer. Ob. T. FRO'UZY, froa'-ze. 313. a. [A cant word.] Fetid ; musty. Sicift. Dim ; cloudv. Sicift. FROW§* fr6u. n. s. \fraw, Germ.] A woman; fenerally applied to Dutch or German women. Beaumont and Fletclier. FROW*, fr6u. a. Brittle. Evelyn. FRO'WARDf, fr6'-ward. 88. a. [pp.ampeapb, Sax.] Peevish ; ungovernable ; angry. Sidney. FROYVARDLY, frrV-ward-le. ad, Peevishly ; per versely. Isaiah, Ivii. FRO'WARDNESS, frV-ward-nes. n. s. Peevish- ness; perverseness. South. FRO'WER, fro'-fir. n. s. A cleaving tool. Tusse? To FROWN §, fr6un. 323. v. n. [ufryn, Goth.] To express displeasure by contracting the face to wrinkles ; to look stern. Shakspeare. To FROWN*, frdun. v. a. To drive back with a look of haughtiness or displeasure. Dryden. FROWN, froun. n.s. A wrinkled look; a look of displeasure. Kiwlles. FRO WN1NGLY, frdfin'-ing-le. ad. Sternly ; with a look of displeasure. Shakspeare. FRO'WY, frofi'-e. a. Musty ; mossy. Spenser. Na now used ; but instead of it, Frouzy. FRO'ZEN, fr6 / -zn. 103. part. pass. 'of freeze. Con geaied with cold. Dryden. Chill in affection Sidney. Void of heat or appetite. Pope. 409 FRU FUE O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met — pine, pin ; — F. R. S. Fellow of the Royal Society. To FRU'BBISH*, frub'-blsh. v. a. To furbish. Bar- ret. FRUITED*, fr&k'-ted. a. An heraldick term ; giv- en to all trees bearing fruit. FRUCTIFEROUS, frak-rff-ier-us. a. Bearing fruit. Ainsworth. FRUCTIFICATION, frnk-te-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. The act of causing or of bearing fruit ; fecundation ; fertility. Brown. To FRUCTIFY §, fr&k'-te-fl. 183. v. a. {Jructijier, Fr.] To make fruitful ; to fertilize. Howell. To FRU'CTIFY, frfik'-te-fl. v. n. To bear fruit. Hooker. FRUCTUA'TION* fruk-tshu'-a-shun. n. s. Prod- uct; fruit. Pownall. FRU'CTUOUS, fruk'-tshu-us. 463. a. Fruitful; fer- tile ; impregnating with fertility. Phillips. FRU'CTURE*, fruk'-tshure. n. s. Use, fruition, pos- session, or enjoyment of. Cotgrave. FRU'GAL§, fru'-gal. 88. a. [fnigalis^af] Thrif- ty ; sparing ; parsimonious. Milton, FRUGALITY, fri-gal'-e-te. n. s. Thrift; parsimo- ny; good husbandry. Bacon. FRUGALLY, fnV-gal-e. ad. Parsimoniously; spar- ingly; thriftily. Dryden. FRU'GGIN*, frug'-gm. n. s. [fourgon, Fr.] An ovenfork. The pole with which the ashes in the oven are stirred. FRUGI'FEROUS, fru-jlf-fer-Ss. a. [frugifer, Lat.] Bearing fruit. More. FRUIT £, frS6t. 343. n.s. [fructas, Lat. fruit, Fr.] The product of a tree or plant in which the seeds are contained. Shak. That part of a plant which is taken for food. Davies. Production. Ephes. v. The off- spring of the womb. Deut. xxviii. Advantage gained by any enterprise or conduct. Swift. The effect or consequence of any action. Sidney. The dessert after the meat. Shakspeare. To FRUIT*, froot. v. n. To produce fruit. Ld. Ches- terfield. FRUITAGE, froot'-Idje. 90. n.s. i fruitage, Fr.] Fruit collectivelv ; various fruits. Milton. FRUTTBEARER, froot'-bar-fir. n. s That which produces fruit. Mortimer. FRU'ITBEARING, froSt'-bar-Ing. a. Having the quality of producing fruit. Mortimer. FRUTTERER, froot'-er-fir. [See Forger.] n. s. [fruitier, Fr.] One who trades in fruit. S.kakspeare. FRU'ITERY, frSSt'-er-e. «. s. Fruit collectively taken. Phillips. A fruit-loft; a repository for fruit. FRUITFUL, froot'-ful. a. Fertile ; abundantly pro- ductive; liberal of vegetable product. Sidney. Actually bearing fruit. Shak. Prolifick ; child- bearing, not barren. Milton. Plenteous ; abound- ing. Addison. FRUITFULLY, froot'-ffll-e. ad. In such a manner as to be prolifick. Roscommon. Plenteously ; abun- dantly. Shakspeare. FRUTTFULNESS, fr55t'-ful-nes. n. s. Fertility; fecundity ; plentiful production. Raleigh. The quality of being prolifick. Dryden. Exuberant abunc -ice. B. Jonson. FRUl'TGROVES, froSt'-grovz. n. s. Shades, or close plantations of fruit trees. Pope. FRUFTION5, fru-fsh'-un. n. s. [fiwr, Lat.] En- joyment ; possession ; pleasure given by posses- sion or use. Hooker. FRU'ITIVE, fru'-e-trv. a. Enjoying; possessing. Boule. FRUITLESS, fr&ot'-les. a. Barren of fruit; not bearing fruit. Raleigh. Vain ; productive of no advantage : idle ; unprofitable. Spenser. Having no offspring. Shakspeare. FRUITLESSLY, frdot'-les-le. ad. Vainly; idly; unprofitably. Brown. FRUTTLESSNESS*, fro5t'.-les-nes. n. s. Barren- ness ; unfruitfulness; vanity. Hales RU IT-TIME, fr66t' -time, n.s. ' FRUIT-TIME, fr66i'-tlme. n. s. The autumn ; the time for gathering fruit. FRUIT-TREE, irddt'-tree. n. s. A tree of that kind whose principal value aiises from the fruit produced by it. Neh. ix. FRUMENTA'CIOUS, fru-men-ta'-shus. a. [fm- mentum, Lat.] Made of grain. Diet. FRUMENTA'TION*, fru-men-ta'-shun. n. s. A general dole of corn. Cockeram. FRUME'NTY, fr&'-men-te. n. s. [fmmmtie, Fr.] Food made of wheat boiled in milk. Dr. Gower. 25= This word is almost universally corrupted into fwr- menty, if not sometimes into fur-me-te .- and I believe it is seldom found, that words employed in the concerns of cookery are ever recovered from irregularity. — Sea Asparagus and Cucumber. W. To FRUMP$, frflmp. u. a. To mock; to insult Beaumont and Fletclier. FRUMP*, frump, n. s. A joke ; a flout. Bp. Hall. FRU'MPER*, irfim'-pur. n. s. A mocker ; a scoffer Cotgrave. To FRUSH§, frush. v. a. [froisser, Fr.] To break, bruise, or crush. Sliakspeare. FRUSH, frush. n. s. A sort of tender horn that grows in the middle of the sole of a horse. Farrier's Diet. FRUSTRA'NEOUS, frus-tra'-ne-fis. a. [frustra, LatJ Vain ; useless ; unprofitable. More. To FRUSTRATE J, frustrate. 91: v. a. [frustrn, Lat.] To defeat; to disappoint; to balk. Sluxk To make null ; to nullify. Spenser. FRUSTRATE, frusMrate. part. a. Vain ; ineffectn al ; unprofitable. Raleigh. Null ; void. Hooker. Disappointed ; defeated ; balked. Judith, xi. FRUSTRATION, frfis-tra'-sh&n. n. s. Disap ment ; defeat. South. FRU'STRATIVE, fnV-tra-tfv. 512. a. Fallacious; sappoint- disappointing. Ainsicorth. RU'STRATORY, fms'-tra-t FRU'STRATORY, frus'-tra-tur-e. 512. [See Do- mestick.] a. That which makes any procedure void. Aylijfe. FR USTR UM, frus'-trum. n. s. [Lat.] A piece cut off from a regular figure. A term of science. FRUTICANT*, frfit'-e-kant. a. [fruticans, LaO Full of shoots. Evelyn. FRY, fri. n. s. [fraiw, Goth.] The swarm of little fishes just produced from the spawn. Donne. Any swarm of animals; or young people in contempt. Spenser. A swarm or heap of any materials. Mir- ror for Magistrates. FRY, fri. n. s. A kind of sieve. Mortimer. To FRY$, fri. v. a. [frigo, Lat.] To dress food in a pan on the fire. To FRY, fri. v. n. To be roasted in a pan on the fire. To suffer the action of fire. Dryden. To melt with heat. Waller. To be agitated like liquor in the pan on the fire. Bacon. FRY, fri. n.s. A dish of things fried. FRY'INGPAN, frl'-ing-pan. n.s. The vessel ra which meat is dressed on the fire. Howell. FRYTH*. See Frith. To FUB, fub. v. a. To put off. Shak. See Fob. FUB, fub. n.s. A plump, chubby boy ; also a woman. Written also fubs. Crown. FU'CATE §# fiV-kate. a. [fitcatus, LatJ, Painted, whence, disguised by false show. Sir T. Elyot. FU'CATED, ftV-ka-ted. a. Painted ; disguised with paint. Disguised by false show. FU'CUS, fiV-kus. n. s. [Lat.] Paint for the face. B. Jonson. Disguise ; false show. Sandys. [In bot- any.] The name of a genus of submarine plants. Goodenough . FU'DDER of Lead*. Among the miners, a load of lead. To FU'DDLE§, ffid'-dl. v. a. To make drunk. Beaumont and Fletclier. To FU'DDLE, fud'-dl. 405. v.n. To drink to excess. TJ Estrange. FUDGE*, fudje. interf. An expression of the utmost contempt, usually bestowed on absurd or lying talkers. Goldsmith. FUEILLEMORTE, frV-Il-mort. n. s. Corruptly pronounced and written philomot. The colour of withered leaves in autumn. FU T/ EL$, fu'-H. n. s. [fuayl, Norm. Fr.] The matter or aliment of fire. Isaiah, ix. 410 FUL FUL — 116, mcVe, nor, n6t;— tube, tub, bull ; — o'il ; — pound 5— thm, To FUEL, fu'-il. v.a. To feed fire with combustible matter. Donne. To store with firing. Wotton. FUELLER*, fu'-il-fir. n. s. That which supplies fuel. Donne. FUGA'CIOUSS, fu-ga'-shfls. 292,357. a. [fugax, fugacis, Lat.] Volatile. Halluwell. FUGA'CIOUSNESS, fu-ga'-shus-nSs. n. s. Volatili- ty ; the quality of flying away. FUGA'CFTY, fu-gas'-e-te. n.s. Volatility 5 quali- ty of flying away. Boyle. Uncertainty ; insta- bility. FUG ft, fuh. interj. An expression of abhorrence. Commonly /oft. Dry den. FUGITIVES, fiV-je-uV. a. [fugitivus, Lat.] Not tenable 3 not to be held or detained. Locke. Un- steady ; unstable ; not durable. Daniel. Volatile ; apt to fly away. Crashaw. Flying ; running from danger. Shale. Flying from duly •, falling off. Richardson. Runagate ; vagabond. 2 Mace. Perishable ; as, a. fugitive piece ; i. e. a little com- position ; a small pamphlet which may be soon for- gotten, or soon lost. FUGITIVE, fu'-je-tlv. n. s. One who runs from his station or duty. Bacon. One who takes shelter under another power from punishment. Spenser. One hard to be caught or detained. Harte. FU'GITLVENESS, Tu'-je-uV-n&s. n.s. Volatility ; fugacity. Boyle. Instability 5 uncertainty. More. FUGUE, fewg. 337. [often very improperly pro- nounced (bye.] n.s. (Fr. fuga, Lat.] [In musick.] Some point consisting of four, five, six, or any other number of notes, begun by some one single part, and then seconded by a third, fourth, fifth, and sixth part, if the composition consists of so many 3 re- peating the same, or such like notes, so that the several parts follow, or come in one after another m the same manner, the leading parts still flying before those that follow. Harris. FU'LCIBLES*, ful'-se-bl. a. [fulcibilis, Lat.] Which may be propped up. FU'LCIMENT, ful'-se-ment. n.s. [fulcimentum, Lat.] That on which a body rests, which acts or is acted upon at each end. Wilkins. FULCR UM*, ful'-krum. n. s. [Lat.] [In mechan- icks.] Now common for prop ; as, the fulcrum of a lever. TbFULFFL, m-ffl. v. a. [full and^/Z.] To fill till there is no room for more. Communion Service. To answer any prophecy or promise by perform- ance. Acts, xiii. To answer any purpose or de- sign. Milton. To answer any desire by compliance or gratification, Beaumont and Fletclier. To an- swer any law by obedience. Milton. FULFFLLER* f ul-fllMur. n. s. One that accom- lishes or fulfils. Patrick. LFFLLING*, ful-ffl'-Hng. n. s. Completion. Rom. xiii. FULFILMENT*, ful-f ll'-ment. n. s. Full perform- ance. H. Tooke. FULFRA'UGHT. See Full-fraught. FULGENCY, ful'-jen-se. 17?. n. s. Splendour 3 glitter. Diet. FULGENT §, fftl'-jgnt. a. [fulgens, Lat.] Shining 3 dazzling ; exquisitely bright. Milton. FULGID, ffil'-jld. a. [fulgidus, Lat.] Shining 3 glittering ; dazzling. FULGFD1TY, ful-jM'-e-te. n.s. Splendour 3 daz- zling glitter. Diet. FU'LGOUR, ful'-gur. 314. n.s. [fulgor, Lat.] Splendour 3 dazzling brightness. Brown. FU'LGURANT*, f iil'-gu-rant. a. Lightening } flash- ing. More. To FULGURATED, f&l'-giVrale. v.n. [fulguro, Lat.] To emit flashes of light. Chambers. FULGURA'TION, ful-gi-ra'-shun. n. s. The act of lightening. Donne. FU P LGURY*, f&l'-gu-re. n. s. [fulgur, Lat.] Light- ning. Cockeram.^ FUL HAM, fal'-ham. n.s. A cant word for false dice. Shakspeare. FULFGINOUS §, fu-lld'-jm-us. a. [fuligbwsus, Lat.] Sooty 3 smoky. Bacon. fS FULl'GINOUSLY*, fu-Hd'-jm-us-le. ad. In a smoky state. Shenstone. FU'LIMART, .fiV-le-mart. n. s. See Foumart. A kind of stinking ferret. Walton. FULLS, ful. a. fpulle, Sax.] Replete 3 without vacu- ity ; having no space void. Isaiah. Abounding in an}'- quality, good or bad. Sidney. Stored with any thing 3 weil supplied with anything. TicktlL Plump 3 saginated ; fat. Wiseman. Saturated ; sa- ted. Isaiah, i. Impregnated; made pregnant. Dry- den. Crowded, with regard to the imagination or memory. Locke. Large; great in effect. Arbuth not. Complete ; such as that nothing further is de- sired or wanted. Daniel. Complete, without abate- ment. Genesis. Containing the whole matter ; ex- pressing much. Denham. Strong 3 not faint; not attenuated. Shak. Mature ; perfect. Bacon. Ap- plied to the moon : complete in its orb. Wiseman. Not continuous, or a full stop. Sidney. Spread to view in all dimensions. Addison. FULL, f ul. n.s. Complete measure; freedom from deficiency. Shak. The highest state or degree. Shak. The whole ; the total. SJiak. The state of being satiated. Jeremiah, v. Applied to the moon : the time in which the moon makes a perfect orb Bacon. FULL, ful. ad. Without abatement or diminution Milton. With the whole effect. Dry den. Exact ly. Addison. Directly. Sidney. It is placed be fore adverbs, adjectives, and participles, to intend or strengthen their signification; as, full oil, full slow, full wide, &c. ; and is much used in compo- sition, to intimate any thing arrived at its highest stale, or utmost degree. FULL-ACORNED*, ful-a'-kSmd. a. Fed full with acorns. Sliakspeare. FULL-BLOOMED*, ffil-bloomd'. a. Having perfect bloom. Crashaw. FULL-BLOWN, ful'-blone. a. Spread to the utmost extent, as a perfect blossom. Denham. Stretchea by the wind to the utmost extent. Dryden. FULL-BOTTOMED, ful-bot'-tumd. a. Having a large bottom. Guardian. FULL-BUTT*, fol-but'. ad. [full and butt.] At the same point, from opposite directions, and not with out violence. L' Estrange. FULL-CHARGED*, ful-tsharjd'. a. Charged to the utmost. Sliakspeare. FULL-CRAMMED*, ful-kramd 7 . a. Crammed to satiety. Murston. FULL-DRESSED*, ful-drest'. a. Dressed in form. Pilkington. FULL-DRIVE*, ful-drlve'. a. Completed; a very old expression, now meaning driving as fast as pos- sible. Cliaueer. FULL-EARED, ful-eerd ; . 362. a. Having Use heads full of grain. Denfiam. FULL-EYED, ful-lde'. a. Having large, piominent eyes. FULL-FED. ful-f8d'. a. Sated ; fat; saginated. Pope. FULL-FRAUGHT, ful-frawt'. a. Fuhy stored. Sliakspeare. •FULL-GORGED*, f&l-gorj'd'. a. Too rnuci* fed ; a term of hawking. Sliakspeare. FULL-GROWN*, ful-grone'. a. Completely grown. Milton. FULL-HEARTED* ful-hart'-eU a. Full o! confi- dence ; elated. Sliakspeare. FULL-HOT*, f&l'-h&t. a. Heated to the utmost. Shakspeare. FULL-LADEN, f&l-la'-d'n. 103. a. Laden till there can be no more added. Tillotson. FULL-MANNED*, ful-mand'. a. Complete'!* fur- nished with men. Shakspeare. FULL-MOUTHED*, ful-mduTHd'. a. Having a strong voice or sound. Quarles. FULL-ORBED*, f&l-orbd'. a. Having the orb e.rm- plete. Addison. Like a full moon. Mason. FULL-SPREAD, ful-sprgd'. a. Spread to the utmost extent. Dryden. FULL-STOMACHED*, ful-suW-akt. a. Ha»tng the stomach crammed. Towneur. 411 FUM FUN \W 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met ;— pine, pin \ FULL-STUFFED*, ffil-stfift'. a. Filled to the utmost extent. Drayton. FULL-SUMMED, fuS-sumd'. a Complete in all its parts. Howell. FULL- WINGED*, ful-wlngd'. a. Having large or strong wings. Sliak, Ready for flight ; eager. Beaumont and Fletcher. To FULL§, ful. v. a. [fullo, Lat.] To cleanse cloth from its oil or grease. Slierwood. FU'LLAGE, ful'-lage. 90. n.s. The money paid for falling or cleansing cloth. FU'LLAM. SeeFuLHAM. FULLER, fulMur. 98. n. s. [pullejie, Sax.] One whose trade is to cleanse cloth. Slutlcspeare. £5= This word, though derived from the Latin fullo- has deviated into the sound of the English word full, and is an exception to the rule laid down in the Prin- ciples, No. 177. W. FILLER'S Earth, ful'-lurz-ertfi. n. s. A marl of a close texture, extremely soft and unctuous to the touch, when dry of a grayish-brown colour, and generally has a greenish cast in it. Woodward. FULLER'S Thistle, or Weed. n. s. A plant. FU'LLERY, fulMur-re. n.s. The place where the trade of a fuller is exercised. FU T/ LLINGMILL, fll / -lmg-mil. n. s. A mill where the water raises hammers which beat the cloth till it is cleansed. Mortimer. FULLY, fuF-le. ad. Without vacuity. Complete- ly ; without lack. Hooker. FU'LMINANT, ful'-me-nant. 177. a. Thundering ; making a noise like thunder. To FU'LMINATE §, ful'-me-nate. 91. v. n. [fulmi- no, Lat.] To thunder. Davies. To make a loud noise or crack. Boyle. To issue out ecclesiastical censures. Lord Herbert. To FU'LMINATE, fuK-me-nate. v. a. To throw out as an object of terrour. Aijliffe. To denounce with censure ; to condemn. Warburlon. To cause to explode. Sprat. FULMINA'TION, ful-m^-na'-shun. n. s. The act of thundering. Denunciation of censure. Aijliffe. The act of fulminating : a term of chymistry. Sprat. FULMINATORY, fuP-me-na-tur-e. 512. a. Thun- dering ; striking horrour. Cotgrave. To FU'LMINE §* fiW-mfii. p. a. [fulminer, Fr.] To shoot 5 to dart, like lightning.- Spenser. To FU'LMINE*, f&l'-mln. v. n. To thunder; to speak with the power of thunder. Milton. FU'LNESS, fi&y-nes, n. s. The state of being filled so as to have no part vacant. Numbers, xviii. The stale of abounding in any quality, good or bad. Completeness; such as leaves nothing to be desir- ed. South. Completeness from the coalition of many parts. Bacon. Completeness ; freedom from deficiency. Psalms. Repletion ; satiety. Bp. Tay- lor. Plenty ; wealth. Shak. Struggling perturba- tion ; swelling in the mind. Bacon. Largeness ; extent. Dryaen. Force of sound, such as fills the ear; vigour of sound. Pope. FU'LSOME §, f&F-sum. 177. a. [pulle, Sax.] Nau- seous; offensive. Otway. Rank; gross: to the smell. Bacon. Lustful. Shak. Tending to ob- scenity. Dry den. FU LSOMELY, ful'-sum-le. ad. Nauseously ; rank- ly ; obscenely. Newton. Foully ; not decently. Homilies. FU'LSOMENESS, fuF-sum-nes. n. s. Nauseousness. Price. Foulness. Homilies. Rank smell. Ob- scenity. Dry den. FU'LVID*, f&l'-vld. a. [fulvidus, Lat.] Of a deep yellow colour. More. FUMA'DO, fu-ma'^. n. s. [fumus, Lat.] A smoked fish. Carew. FU'MAGE, fiV-maje. 90. n.s. [/ttmws, Lat.] Hearth- money. Did. FU'MATORY, fiV-ma-t&r-e. 512, 534. n. s. [fume- terre, Fr.] An herb. Shakspeare. To FU'MBLEy, f&nV-bl. 405. v. n. [fommelen, Dutch.] To attempt any thing awkwardly or un- gainly. Sackville To ouzzle to strain in per plexity. Dry den. To play childishly. Shak. To stutter; to hesitate in the speech. Mai-ston. To FU'MBLE, fum'-bl. v. a. To manage awkward ly. Shakspeare. FU'MBLER, fiW-bl-ur. n. s. One who acts awk- wardlv. FU'MBLINGLY, funV-blmg-le. ad. In an awkward manner. B. Jonson. FUME §, fume. n. s. [fumus, Lat.] Smoke. Dry den. Vapour; any volatile parts flying away. male. Exhalation from the stomach. South. F«,age; heal of mind; passion. South. Any thing unsubstantial Shak. Idle conceit; vain imagination. Bacon. To FUME, fume. v. n. To smoke. Milton. To va- pour ; to yield exhalations. Shak. To pass away m vapours. B. Jonson. To be in a rage. Drxjden. To FUME, fume. v. a. To smoke ; to dry in the smoke. Carew. To perfume with odours in the fire. Dry den. Simply, to perfume. Fletclier. To disperse in vapours. Mortimer. FU'MET, fiV-meL n. s. The dung of the deer. B. Jonson. FVMETTE, fu-meV. n.s. [Fr.] The stink of meat Swift. FU'MID$, fu'-mfd.a. [fumidus, Lat.] Smoky; va porous. Brown. FUMFD1TY, fu-mfd'-e-te. n. s. Smokiness ; lendeu cy to smoke. Diet. To FU'MIGATE §, fiV-me-gate, v. n. [fumiger, Fr.] To smoke ; to perfume by smoke or vapour. Dry- den. To medicate or heal by vapours. FUMIGA'TION, fu-me-ga'-shun. n.s. Scents rais ed by fire. Arbuthnot. The application of medi cines to the body in fumes. FU'MING*, fu'-mmg. n. s. The act of scenting by smoke. Mortimer. Fume ; idle conceit. Mirror for Magistrates. FU'MINGLY, fiV-mmg-le. ad. Angrily; in a rage. Hooker. FU'MISH*, fu'-mfeh. a. Smoky; also hot, cholerick. Mirror for Magistrates. FU'MITER, fiV-me-tur. 98. n.s. A plant. Shak- speare. FU'MITORY*. See Fumatory. FU'MOUS, fiV-mus. 314. ) a. [fumeux, Fr.] Produ- FU'MY^fu'-me. S> cing fumes. Druden. FUN§, fun. n.s. Sport; high merriment. More. FUNA'MBULATORY*, fu-nam'-bu-la-tur-e. a. Narrow, like the walk of a ropedancer. Brown. Performing like a ropedancer. Chambers. FUNA'MBULIST*, fu-nam'-bu-llst. n. s. A rope- dancer. The Looker-on. F UNA MB UL O* fu-nam'-bu-l6. )n.s. [fuvam- FUNAMBULUS*,&-nim'-bix-\iis.\ bulus, Lat.] A ropedancer. Bacon. FUNCTION $, fung'-shfin. n. s. [functio, Lat.] Dis- charge ; performance. Swift. Employment ; office. Whitgift. Single act of any office. Hooker. Trade ; occupation. Sna.k. Office of any particular part of the body. Bentley. Power ; faculty. Shak. FUNCTIONARY*, fung'-shfin-a-re. n. s. One who is charged with an office or employment. Thai which performs any office. FUND §, fund. n. s. [fond, Fr.] Stock ; capital ; that by which any expense is supported. Dryaen. Stock or bank of money. Addison. To FUND*, fund. v. a. To place money in the fund? either of a company, a corporation, or the publick FUNDAMENTS, fuiV-da-ment. n.s. [fundamen- tum, Lat.] Originally, foundation. Cliaucer. Tin back part of the body. Hudibras. FUNDAMENTAL, fun-da-meV-tal. a. Serving for the foundation ; that upon which the rest is built; essential ; important. Raleigh. FUNDAMENTAL, fun-da-meV-tal. n. s. Leading proposition. South. FUNDAMENTALLY, fun-da-men'-tal-e. ad. Es- sentially ; original!}'. Grew. FUNE'BRIAL*, fu-ne'-bre-al. a. Belonging to fu- nerals. Sir T. Brown. FUNERALS, fiV-neY-al. 88. n. s. [funerailles, Fr.j The solemnization of a burial,' the ^avment of the 4J2 FUR FUR — no, move, nor, n6t; — tube, tub, bull 5 — 6H5 — pound;— thin, THis. last honours to the dead ; obsequies. Sluxk. The pomp or procession with which the dead are car- ried. Pope. Burial ; interment. Denham. FU'NERAL, fiV-ner-al. a. Used at the ceremony of interring the dead. Shak. Mourning. Bp. Tay- lor. To FU'NERATE §*, fiV-ner-ate. v. a. [funeratus, Lat.J To bur}'. Cockeram. FUNERA'TION*, fii-ner-a'-shun. n.s. The solem- nization of a funeral. Knatchbuil. FUNE'REAL, fu-ne'-re-al. a. Suiting a funeral 5 dark ; dismal. Pope. FUNE'ST*, fu-neV. a. [funestus, Lat.] Doleful ; lamentable. Phillips. FUNGE*, ftbje. n. s. [fungus, Lat.] A blockhead ; a dolt ; a fool. Burton. FUN GO SIT Y, iung-gos'-e-te. n.s. Unsolid excres- cence. Biblioth. Bibl. FUNGOUS, fung'-g&s. 314. a. Excrescent ; spongy; wanting firmness. Smith. FUNGUS, fung'-gOs. n. s. [Lat.] Strictly, a mush- room : a word used to express such excrescences of flesh as grow out upon the lips of wounds, or any other excrescence from trees or plants, not natural- ly belonging to them. Arbuthnot. FU'NICLE §, fiV-ne-kl. 405, 534, n. s. [funiculus, Lat.] A small cord. FUNI'CULAR, fu-nfk'-u-lar. 88. a. Consisting of a small cord or fibre. FUNK §, funk. n. s. A stink. A low word. r To FUNK*, funk. v. a. To poison with an offensive smell. King. To FUNK*, funk. v.n. To stink through fear. Epi- gram on J. Burton. FUNNEL, fiV-nel. 99. n.s. [infundibulum, Lat.] An inverted hollow cone, with a pipe descending from it, through which liquors are poured into ves- sels. B. Jensen. A pipe or passage of communi- cation. Addison. FUNNY*, fun'-ne. a. [from/™.] Comical. FU'NNY*, fun'-ne. n. s. A light boat ; a kind of wherry. FUR §, fur. n. s. [furra,\ow Lat.] Skin with soft hair, with which garments are lined for warmth. Peach- am. Soft hair of beasts found in cold countries ; hair in general. Ray. Any moisture exhaled to such a degree as that the remainder sticks on the part. Bryden. To FUR, fur. v. a. To line or cover with skins that have soft hair. Sidney. To cover with soft matter. Peacham. FUR, f&r. ad. [now commonly written far.] At a dis- tance. Sidney. FUR-WROUGHT, f&r'-rawt. a. Made of fur. Gay. FURA'CIOUS §, fu-ra'-shus. a. [furax, Lat.] Thie- vish. Diet. FURA'CITY, fu-ras'-e-te. n. s. Disposition to theft. Cockeram. FU'RBELOW §, ftV-be-16. n. s. A piece of stuff plaited and puckered together, either below or above, on the petticoats or gowns of women. Pope. roFU'RBELOW^arZ-be-to. v. a. To adorn with ornamental appendages of dress. Prior. To FU/RBISH §, fur'-tfsh. v. a. [fourbir, Fr.] To burnish ; to polish. Jerem. xlvi. FU'RBISHABLE*, uV-blsh-a-bl. a. That maybe uolished. Shericood. FIFRBISHER, nV-b?sh-Qr. n. s. One who polishes any thing. Barret. FURCA'TION, fur-ka'-shun. n. s. [furca, Lat.] Forkiness ; the state of shooting two ways, like the blades of a fork. Broum. To FU'RDLE*, fur'-dl. v. a. [fardeler, Fr.] To con- tract ; to draw up into a fardel or bundle. Sir T. Broum. See To Furl. FURFUR, fur'-ffir. n. s. [Lat.] Husk or chaff, scurf or dandruff, that grows upon the skin, with some likeness to bran. Quincy. FURFURA'CEOUS, fur-fu-ra'-shus. 357. a. Husky; branny ; scaly. FU'RIOUS §, fiV-re-us. a. [furiosus, Lat.] Mad ; phrenetick. Hooker. Raging; violent ; transported by passion beyond reason. Shak. Violent ; in -/et- uously agitated. Milton. FURIOUSLY, fiV-re-fis-le. ad. Madly ; violently. Spenser. FU'RIOUSNESS, nV-re-fis-nes. n. s. Frenzy; mad- ness; transport of passion. Brewer. Tb FURL, furl. v. a. [a contraction of furdle.] To draw up ; to contract. Creech. FU'RLONG, uV-long. n. s. [puplang, Sax.] A measure of length ; the eighth part of a mile. Bacon. FURLOUGH, fi&rMo. 318, 390. n.s. [verlof Dutch.] A temporary dismission from military service. Dry- den. FU'RMENTY, fur'-meSi-te. [more properly Frv menty, which see.] n. s. Food made by boiling wheat in milk. Tusser. FU'RMETY*. See Furmenty and Frumenty. FU'RNACE §, f&r'-nfs. 91. n. s. [furnus, Lat.] An enclosed fireplace. Bacon. To FU'RNACE, f&r'-nis. v. a. To throw out as sparks from a furnace. Shakspeare. FU'RNIMENT*, fur'-ne-ment. n. s. [fourniment, Fr.] Furniture. Spenser. To FURNISH §,fur'-n?sh. v. a. [fmrnir, Fr.] To supply with what is necessary. Locke. To give ; to supply. Locke. To fit up ; to fit with appenda- ges. Bacon. To equip ; to fit out for any undertak- ing. Waits. To decorate ; to supply with orna- mental household stuff. Lord Halifax. FU'RNISH*, fur'-nish. n.s. A specimen ; a sample. Greene. Ob. T. FU'RNISHER, fur'-nlsh-ur. n. s. [fournisseur, Fr.] One who supplies or fits out. Greenhill. FU'RNISHING*, f&r'-nlsh-lng. n. s. A sample ; a show. Shakspeare. FU'RNISHMENT*, nV-n?sh-ment. n. s. A supply of things necessary. Cotgrave. FURNITURE, fiiP-ne-tshure. 463. n. s. Movables ; goods put in a house for use or ornament. South. Appendages. Tillotson. Equipage ; embellish- ments; decorations. Spenser. Materials for work of any kind. Bentley. FU'RRBER, fur'-re-fir. n.s. A dealer in furs. Cot- grave. FU'RROW$, f&i r6. 324, 327. n. s. [puph, Sax.] A small trench made by the plough for the reception of seed. Mortimer. Any long trench or hollow. Bryden. FURROW-FACED*, fur'-ro-faste. a. Having a fur- rowed face. B. Jovson. FURROW-WEED, ffir'-ro-weed. n. s. A weed that grows in furrowed land. Shakspeare. To FU'RROW, far'-r6. v. a. [pyp-ian, Sax.] To cut in furrows. Shak. To div ; .de in long hollows. Suckling. To make b}- rmvtvs. Wotton-. FU'RRY. fur'-re. a. Covered ivith fur; dressed in fur. Feltm. Consisting of fur. Dryden. FU'RTHERS, fiV-THur. 98. a. [from forth, further, furthest.] [See Forth and Farther.] At a great- er distance. Beyond this. St. Matt. xxvi. Further has the force of a substantive in the phrase no fur- ther for nothing further . Milton. FU'RTHER, ftir'-THur. ad. To a greater distance. Numbers, xxii. To FU'RTHER, fiV-THur. r. a. fcojiBjiian, Sax.] To put onward ; to forward ; to promote ; to coun- tenance ; to assist ; to help. Hooker. FURTHERANCE, nV-TH&r-anse. n.s. Promotion ; advancement ; help. Spenser. FU'RTHERER, f&r'-THur-ur. n.s. Promoter; ad- vancer. Ascham. FURTHERMORE, fur'-THur-mire. ad. Moreover; besides. Exodus, iv. FU'RTHEST*, fur'-THest. ad. At the greatest dis tance. Shenstone. FU'RTIVE, fur'-tiv. a. [furtivus, Lat.] Stolen ; got ten by theft. Bp. Taylor. FURUNCLE, fiV-rongk-kl. 405, 534. n. s. [furun- ailus, La*.] A bile; an angry pustule. Wiseman. FU'RY§, fiV-re. n. s. [furor, Lat.] Madness. Shak. Rage ; passion of anger ; tumult of mind approach- ills' to madness. Shak. Enthusiasm ; exaltation of 413 FUS FY ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin : fancy. Sidney. [From furia, Lat.] One of the dei- ties of vengeance, and thence a stormy, turbulent, violent, raging- woman. Addison. FU'RYLIKE*, lu'-re-llke. a. Raving 5 raging like one of the furies. Thomson. FURZE $, furz. h. s. [pyjiy, Sax.] Gorse; goss. Miller. FU'RZY, ffir'-ze. a. Overgrown with furze ; full of gorse. Gay. FUSCA'TION, fus-ka'-shfin. n. s. Darkening or ob- scuring. Diet. FU'SCGUS §*, fiV-kfis. a. [fuscus, Lat.] Brown ; of a dim or dark colour. Ray. Tfc FUSES, fuze, v. a. [fundo,fusum, Lat.] To melt ; to put into fusion; to liquefy by heat. To FUSE, fuze. v. n. To be melted. FU'SEE, fu-zee'. n.s. [fuseau, Fr.] The cylinder round which is wound the cord or chain of a clock or watch. Hale. A firelock, [from fusil, Fr.] A small neat musket. More properly written fusil. FU'SEE of a bomb or grenade shell, is that which makes the whole powder or composition in the shell take fire. Han~is. FU'SEE, fu-zee'. n. s. Track of a buck. Ainsworth. FU'SIBLE, fiV-se-bi. 405. a. Capable of being melt- ed, or made liquid by heat. Boi/le. FUSIBl'LITY, fu-se-bil'-e-te. n's. Capacity of be- ing melted} quality of growing liquid by heat. Wotton. FU'SIL, fu'-zll. a. [fusilis, Lat.] Capable of being melted; liquefiable by heat. Woodward. Running by the force of heat. Milton. FU'SIL, fu-zee'. n. s. A firelock; a small neat mus- ket. [In heraldry.] Something like a spindle. Peacham. FUSILE'ER, fu-zli-leer'. 275. n. s. A soldier armed with a ituil ; a musketeer. FU'SION, fiV zfeun. 451. n. s. [fusio, Lat.]The act of melting. The state of beixig melted. JXewton. FUSS, fus. n. s. [puy, Sax.] A tumult ; a bustle. Swift. To FU'SSLE*. See To Fuzzle. ■ FUST §, fust, n. s. [fuste, Fr.] The trunk or body of a column. Drummond. A strong smell ; as that of a mouldy barrel. To FUST, fust. v. n. To grow mouldy; to smell ill. Shakspeare. FU-'STED*, fus'-tgd. «. Mouldy; stinking. Bp. Hall. ["U'STIANS, ffis'-tshan. 291. n. s. [fustaine, Fr.] A kind of cloth made of linen and cotton, or of cotton only. Shak. A high swelling kind of writing made up of heterogeneous parts ; bombast. Dryden. FU'STIAN, fus'-tshan. a. Made of fustian. Swell- ing ; unnaturally pompous ; ridiculously tumid. Dry den. FU'STIANIST*, fSs'-tshan-ist. n. s. One who writes bombast. Milton. FU'STICK, ffis'-tik. n. s. A sort of wood brought fioin the West Indies, used in dying cloth. Sprat. To FU'STIGATE $, ffis'-te-gate. v. a. [fustier,, Lat.] To beat with a stick ; to cane. FUSTIGA'TION* ffis-te-ga'-shun. n.s. An ancient custom of punishing with a cudgel ; also, a pen- ance enjoined by the Roman inquisition. Abp. Sancrojt. FUSTILA'RIAN, ftls-te-la/-re-an. n.s. [bom fusty ] A low fellow; a stinkard; a scoundrel. Shakspeare. FU'STILUG*, ffis'-te-lfig. )n.s. A gross, fat uu- FU'STlLUGSV&s'-te-lugz. 5 wieldy person. Ju- nius. FU'STINESS, f&s'-te-nes. n. s. Mouldiness ; stink. Sheiieood. FU'STY, ffis'-te. a. Ill-smelling ; mouldy. Shakspeare. FU'TILE§, fi'-tll. 140. a. [fiitilis, Lat.] Talkative ; loquacious. Bacon. Trifling; worthless; of no weight. Wake. FUTl'LITY, fu-til'-e-te. n.s. Talkativeness ; loqua- city. L' Estrange. Triflingness ; want of weight ; want of soliditv. Bentley. FU'TILOUS*, * fiV-tfl-us. a. Worthless; trifling. Howell. Ob. T. FU'TTOCKS, f&t'-tfiks. n. s. [foot hooks.] The low- er timbers that hold the ship together. FU'TURE $, fu'-tshure. 461. a. [futurus, Lat.] That which will be hereafter; to come; as, the fulwt state. Milton. FU'TURE, fu'-tshure. n.s. Time to come; some- what to happen hereafter. Locke. FU'TURELY, fu'-tshure-le. ad. In time to come. Raleigh. FUTURI'TION, fu-tshu-r?sh'-fin. n. s. The state of being to be ; the condition of being to come to pass hereafter. Pearson. FUTURITY, fu-tu'-re-te. [See Fortuitous.] n. s. Time to come. Swift. Event to come. South. The state of being to be; futurition. Glanvitte. 9

odu.] To make drunk. Burton. FY, fl. interj. [ealga, Sax.] A beam GA'LLOWS, gal'-lfis. ) laid over two posts, on which malefactors are hanged. Sidney. A wretch that deserves the gallows. Shakspeare. GA'LLOWSFREE, gal'-lfis-fre. a. Exempt by des tiny from being hanged. Dryden. GA'LLOWTREE, gal'-lo-tre. n.s. The tree of ter rour ; the tree of execution. Spenser. GA'LLY*, gawl'-e. a. Of gall; bitter as gall. Abp Cranmer. GALL Y- WORM*, n.s. An insect. GAL O'CHE*, ga-l6she'. fl. ga-W-shez. n.s. This word is in our old lexicography for a kind of shoe, and is used by Chaucer. It aflerwards became galloshe, or golosho, and is now pronounced, and sometimes written, galosh. Galoshes or galoches are now understood to be shoes without buckles or straps, made to wear over other shoes in wet weather. Ecliard. GA'LSOME*, gawl'-sum. a Angry ; malignant. Bp Morton. GALVA'NICK*, gal-van'-lk. a. Denoting the power of galvanism. GA'LVANISM §*, gal'-van-fzm. n. s. [from Galvani, celebrated for the experiments which he made ir this branch of philosophy.] The action of metallick substances. Wilkinson. To GA'LVANIZE*, gal'-va-nlze. v. a. To affect by the power of galvanism. Carpue. GALVANOMETER*, gal-va-nom'-e-tur. n. s. A measure for ascertaining the power of galvanicl operations. 416 GAN GAR -n6, m6ve, nor, n6t; — tube, tub, bull; — 611; — pound; — thin, THis. GAMA'SHES*, ga-mash'-ez. n. s. pi. Short spatter- dashes worn by ploughmen. Skelton, GAMBA DOES, gam-ba/-d6ze. n.s. pi. [gamba, ltal.j Spatterdashes. Dennis. To GA'MBLE $*, gam'-bl. v. n. To play extrava- fantly for money. Looker-cm. 'MBLER, gam'-bl-ur. n. s. A knave whose prac- tice it is to invite the unwary to game, and cheat them. GA'MBOGE, gam-bSodje'. n.s. A concreted vegeta- ble juice, of a bright yellow colour, and scarce any smell. Hill. To GA'MBOL$, gam'-bfil. 166. v.n. [gambiller, Fr.] To dance ; to skip ; to frisk. Milton. To leap ; to start. Shakspeare. GA'MBOL, gam'-bul. n.s. A skip; a hop; a leap forjov. Dryden. GA'MBREL'$, gam'-brll. 99. n.s. [gamba, gamba- rella, Ital. 1 The leg of a horse. Grew. To GAMBREL*, gam'-brfl. v. a. To tie by the leg. Beaumont and Fletcher. GAME §, game. n. s. [gaman, Iceland.] Sport of any kind. Shak. Jest ; opposed to earnest or se- riousness. Spenser. Insolent merriment; sportive insult. Milton. A single match at play. Addison. Advantage in play. Dryden. Scheme pursued; measures planned. Temple. Field sports : as, the chase, falconry. Sliak. Animals pursued in the field. Milton. Solemn contests, exhibited as spec- tacles to the people. Shakspeare. To GAME, game. v. n. [^amian, Sax.] To play at any sport. To play wantonly and extravagant- ly for money. Whole Duty of Man. GAME-COCK, game'-kok. n. s. A cock bred to fight. Locke. GAME-EGG, game'-eg. n. s. Eggs from which fight- ing cocks are bred. Garth. GATEKEEPER, gW-keep-ur. n.s. A person who looks after game, and sees it is not destroyed. GAME-LEG*, game' -leg. n. s.[a corruption of gam, or cam, crooked, and leg.'] A lame leg. GA'MESOME, game'-sum. a. Frolicksome; gay; sportive. Sidney. GA'MESOMELY, gW-sum-le. ad. Merrily. GA'MESOMENESS^ame'-sum-nes. n.s. Sportive- ness; merriment. GA'MESTER, game'-stur. n. s. One who is vitious- ly addicted to play. Bacon. One who is engaged at play. Sliak. A merry, frolicksome person. Shak. A prostitute. Shakspeare. GA'MING*, gaZ-mlng. n. s. The practice of game- sters. Addison. GA'MING-HOUSE* ga'-mlng-hous. n. s. A house where illegal sports are practised and where game- sters carry on their employment. Sherwood. GA'MING-TABLE*, ga'-mlng-uV-bl. n.s. A ta- ble at which gamesters practise their art. Bp. Berkeley. GA'MMER, gam'-mur. n. s. The compilation of a woman, corresponding to gaffer. GA'MMON, ganV-mun. 166. n.s. The buttock of a hog salted and dried ; the lower end of the flitch. Dryden. A kind of play with dice. Thomson. GA'MUT, gam'-ut. n. s. The first or gravest note in the modern, or Guido's, scale of musick. The scale of musical notes. Shakspeare. GAN, gan. pret. of gin. [£ynnan, Sax.] Spenser. To GANCH, gansh. v. a. [ganciare, Ital.] To drop from a high place upon hooks by way of punish- ment ; a practice in Turkey. Dryden. GA'NDER, gan'-dur. 98. n. s. [$anbjia, Sax.] The male of the goose. Camden. To GANG §, gang. v. n. [gangan, Dutch.] TogQ; to walk : an old word, still used in the north of Eng- land. Spenser. GANG, gang. n. s. A street or road. A number herding together; a troop; a company; a tribe; a herd. Shakspeare. GANG-DAYS*, gang'-daze. ra. s. pi. [£an£-baSaj-, Sax.] Da3's of perambulation. GANG" GANGHON, gang'-gdn. n. s. [Fr.] A kind of flow- er. Ainsworih. GA-'NGLION, gang'-gle-un. 166. n.s. [yayy\iov.] A tumour in the tendinous and nervous parts Wiseman. To GA'NGRENATE, gang'-gre-nate. v. a. To pro- duce a gangrene ; to mortify. Brown. GA'NGRENE S.gang'-grene. 408. n. s. [ydyypaiva.] A mortification ; a stoppage of circulation followed by putrefaction. Bacon. To GA/NGRENE, gang'-grene v. a. To corrupt to mortification. Bacon. To GANGRENE, gang'-grene. v.n. To become mortified. Wiseman. GA'NGRENOUS, gang'-gre-nus. a. Mortified ; pro- ducing or betokening mortification. Arbidhnot. GA'NGWAY, gang'-vva. n.s. A thoroughfare or passage. [In a ship/) The several ways or pas sages from one part of it to the other. Diet. GANGWEEK, gang'-week. n. s. [^an^-puca, Sax.] Rogation week, when processions are made io lustrate the bounds of parishes. Gerarde. GA'NTELOPE, gant'-lope. ; n. s. \gant and loopen, GA'NTLET, gant'-let. ) Dutch.] A military punishment, in which the criminal, running between the ranks, receives a lash from each man. Dry- den. GA'NZA, gan'-za. n. s. [ganza, Span.] A kind of wild goose. Bp. Hall. GAOL §, jale. 212. n. s. [geol, Welsh.] A prison ; a place of confinement. It is always pronounced, and often written, jail, and sometimes goal. Shak. To GAOL, jale. v. a. To imprison ; to commit to gaol. Bacon. GA'OLDELIVERY.jale'-de-'iV-ur-e. n.s. Theju dicial process, which, by condemnation or acquittal of persons confined, evacuates the prison. Davies. GA'OLER, jale'-ur. n. s. A keeper of a prison. Sliakspeare. GAP, gap. n. s. An opening in a broken fence. Tusser. A breach. Knolles. Any passage. Dry- den. All avenue ; an open way. Spenser. A hole ; a deficiency. Sliak. Any interstice; a vacuity. „ Sliak. An opening of the mouth in speech during the pronunciation of two successive vowels. Pope. — To stop a gap, is to escape by some mean shift ; to patch up matters for a time. Swift. To stand in the gap. To make defence ; to expose himself for the protection of something in danger. Leslie. GAP-TOOTHED, gap'-tdMt. 359. a. See Gat- toothed. To GAPE $. gap. 75, 92, 241. v.n. feeapan, Sax.] To open the mouth wide ; to yawn. Chaucer. To open the mouth for food, as a young bird. Dryden. To desire earnestly ; to crave. Denham. To open in fissures or holes. Bacon. To open with a breach. Arbidhnot. To open; to have a hiatus. Dryden. To make a noise with open throat. Roscommon. To stare with hope or expectation. Hudibi-as. To stare with wonder. Dryden. To stare irreve rently. Job, xvi. 95= The irregularity in the pronunciation of this word seems to arise from the greater similitude of the Italian a to the action signified, than of the slender English a. See Cheerful, Fierce, &c. TV. GA'PER, ga'-pur. 98. n. s. One who opens his mouth. One who stares foolishly. Beaum. and Fl. One who longs or craves. Carew. GAR, in Saxon, signifies a weapon : so Eadgar is a happy weapon. Gibson. To GAR, gar. v. a. \_giora, Iceland.] To cause ; to make. Spenser. GARB, garb. n. s. [garbo, Ital.] Dress ; clothes ; habit. Milton. Fashion of dress. Denlmm. Exte- rior appearance. Lord Clarendon. [In heraldry.] A sheaf of wheat, or any other grain. GA'RBAGE §, gar'-bldje. 90. n. s. [gar and bagge, or balgs, Goth.] The bowels; the offal. Shak. GA'RBAGED*, gar'-bfdjd. a. That hath the gar- bage pulled out. Sherwood. GA'RBEL, gar'-bll. 99. n. s. A plank next the keel of a ship. Bailey. GA'RBIDGE^r'-bldje. 90. n.s. Corrupted from garbage. Mortimer. 417 GAR GAS KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— GA'RBISH, gar'-blsh. n. 5. Corrupted from gar- bage. Mortimer. To GA'RBISH*. garfish, v. a. To exenterate. Barret. To GARBLE*, gftr'-bl. 405. v. a. [garbellare, Ital] To sift and cleanse spices. Ward. To sift; to part ; to separate the good from the bad. Dryden. GA'RBLER, gar'-bl-ur. n.s. The garbler of spices is an officer in the city of London, whose business is to view and search drugs, &c, and to garble and cleanse them. Cowel. He who separates one part from another. Swift. GA'RBOIL. gar'-bon. n. s. {garbouil,o\& Fr.] Dis- order ; tumult 5 uproar. Bp. Hall. GARD, gard. n. s. [garde, Fr.] Wardship; care; custody. To GARD*. See To Guard. GA'RDEN§, gar'-d'n. 92, 103. n. s. feeapb, Sax.] A piece ofground enclosed, and planted with herbs or fruits. Temple. A place particularly fruitful or delightful. Shakspeare. §CW When the a, in this and similar words, is preceded by g or /;, polite speakers interpose a sound like the consonant y, which coalesces with both, and givos a mellowness to the sound : thu3, a garden, pronounced in this manner, is nearly similar to the two words egg and yarden united into eggyarden, and a guard is al- most like cgiryard. — See Guard. W. GARDEN-MOULD, gar'-d'n-mold. n.s. Mould fit for a garden. Mortimer. GARDEN-PLOT*, gar'-d'n-plot. n. s. Plantation laid out in a garden. Milton. GA'RDEN-TILLAGE, gar'-dn-tli'-tfdje. n. s. Til- lage used in cultivating gardens. Mortimer. GARDEN-WARE, gar'-d'n-ware. n. s. The pro- duce of gardens. Mortimer. To GA'RDEN, glr'-d'n. v. n. To cultivate a gar- den. Bacon. To GA'RDEN*, gar'-d'n. v, a. To dress as a gar- den ; to make a garden. Cotgrave. GA'RDENER, gar'-d'n-or. n. s. He that attends or cultivates gardens. Bacon. GARDENING, gar'-d'n-fng. n. s. The art of culti- vating or planning gardens. Spectator. GARE, gare. n. s. Coarse wool growing on the legs of sheep. Diet. GA'RGARISM §, g&r'-ga-rlzm. n. s. [yapyaptanbg.'] A liquid form of medicine to wash the mouth with. Quincy. To GA'RGARIZE, gar'-ga-rize. v. a. [yapyaoify.'] To wash the mouth with medicated liquors. Bacon. GA'RGET, gai^-get. n. s. A distemper in cattle. Mortimer. To GA'RGLE §, gar'-gl. 405. v. a. [gargouiller, Fr.] To wash the throat with some liquor not suffered immediately to descend. Harvey. To warble ; to play in the throat. Waller. GA'RGLE, gar'-gl. n. s. A liquor with which the throat is washed. Wiseman. GA'RGLION, garg'-le-iin. n. s. An exsudation of nervous juice from a bruise, or the like, which in- durates into a hard, immovable tumour. Quincy. GA'RGOL, gar'-gol. n. s. A distemper in bogs. Mortimer. GA'RISH §, ga'-rfsh. a. feeappian, Sax.] Gaudy; showy; splendid ; fine; glaring. Ascham. Extrava- ganllv gav ; flighty. More. GA'RISHL^Y*, ga'-rfsh-le. ad. Splendidly; gaud- ily. Dr. Westfeld. Wildly ; in a flighty manner. Hinde. GA'RISHNESS, ga'-rfsh-nes. n.s. Finery; flaunt- ing' gaudiness. Florio. Flighty or extravagant jov. South. GARLAND §, gar'-land. n.s. [gartande, Fr.] A wreath of branches or flowers. Sidney. The top ; the principal. Slmk. A collection of little printed pieces. Percy. To GA'RLAND*. gar'-land. v. a. To deck with a farland. B. Jonson. 'RLICK §, garMik. n. s. [£apleac, Sax.] A plant. Miller. GA'RLICR Pear-tree. n. s. An American tree. Mffler. A plant, ir'-llk-e-tur. n.s. A mear. GA'RLICK Wild. n. s. GA'RLICKEATER, gar fellow. Shakspeare. GARMENT, gar'-ment. n. s. [guarniment, old Fr.] Any thing by which the body is covered ; clothes; dress. Shakspeare. GA'RNER §, gar'-nur. n. s. [grenier. Fr.] A place in which threshed grain is stored up. Joel, i. To GA'RNER, gar'-nur. v. a. To slore as in gai- ners. Shakspeare. GA'RNET, gar'-neH. n. s. [garnato, Ital.] A gem of a middle degree of hardness, between the sap- phire and the common crystal. Its colour is a strong red. Hill. To GA'RNISH $, gar'-n?sh. v. a. [gamir, Fr.] To decorate with ornamental appendages. Sidney. To embellish a dish with something laid round it. Dry- den. To fit with fetters : a cant term. GA'RNISH, gir'-nlsh. n. s. Ornament; decoration; embellishment. Shak. Things strewed round a d'sh. [In gaols.] Fetters. An acknowledgement .n money when first a prisoner goes into a gaol. Swift. G A'RNTSHER*, gar'-nlsh-ur. n. s. One who dec- orates. Shenvood. GARNISHMENT, gaj'-nlsh-ment. n. s. Ornament; embellishment. Bp. Hall. GARNITURE, gar'-ne-tshure. n.s. Furniture; or nament. Addison. GAROUS, ga/-rus. a. [ganim, Lat.] Resembling pickle made of fish. Brown. GARRAN, gar'-run. 81. See Garron. GARRETS, gar'-rel. 81. n. s. [garite, Fr.] A room on the highest floor of the house. Dryden. Rotten wood. Baron. GARRETED*, gar'-ret-ed. a. Protected by tur- rets. Carew. GARRETE'ER, gar-ret-teer'. n. s. An inhabitant of a garret. Pursuits of Literature. GARRISON§ ; gar'-re-s'n. 170. n.s. [garison, old FrJ Soldiers placed in a fortified town or castle to defend it. Sidney. Fortified place stored with soldiers. Waller. The state of being placed in a fortification for its defence. Spenser. To GARRISON, gar'-re-s'n. v. a. To supply a place with an armed force to defend it. Shak. To secure by fortresses. Dryden. GARRON, gar'-run. n.s. [Erse.] A small horse; a hobby. The Irish garron is a strong horse, a hack- nev. Spenser. G ARRU'LITY §, gar-ru'-le-te. n. s. [garruliias, Lat.] Loquacity ; incontinence of tongue. Milton The quality of talking too much ; talkativeness. Ray. GARRULOUS, gar'-ru-lus. a. Prattling ; talkative. Bp. Reynolds. GARTERS, gar'-tfir. 93. n.s. [gartur, Goth.] A string or riband by which the stockiig is held upon the leg. Shak. "The mark of the highest order of English knighthood. S/'iaJc. The principal king at arms. Addison. To GARTER, gar'-tur. v. a. To bind with a gar- ter. Shak. To invest with the order of the garter. Warton. GARTH, girth, n. s. [as if girth, from gird.] The bulk of the body measured by the girdle. An enclosure ; a yard ; a garden ; a croft. A hoop or band. GA'R UM*, ga'-rum. n.s. [Lat.] A pickle, m which fish has been preserved. Clmmbers. GAS §, gas. [gaz, Jones.'] n.s. A spirit not capable of being coagulated. Thomson. GAS-LIGHT. {Chalmers.) gasMlte. The light and heat procured by the combustion of carburetted hydrogen gas, a recent invention, by which streets and publick places are now lighted. GA'SCON*, gas'-kon. n. s. A native of Gascony. Toiler. a , , _ , GASCONA'DE §, gas-ko-nade'. n. s. [Fr. From the Gascons, a nation eminent for boasting.] A boast ; a bravado. Swift. To GASCONA'DE, gas-k6-na.de'. v. n. To boast to brag : to bluster. 418 GAT GAY — n6, mOve, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6?1 5 — pound 5 — th'm, this. To GASH §, gash. v. a. [hacher, Fr.] To cut into small pieces. Transl. of Bullinger's Serm. To cut deep, so as to make a gaping wound. Haijicard. GASHjgash. n. s. A deep and wide wound. Spen- ser. The mark of a wound. Arbuthnot. GASHFUL*, gash'-ful. a. Full of gashes ; looking terribly. Quarks. GA'SKETS*, gas'-k&s. n. s. pi. On ship-board, the small cords used to fasten the sails to the yards when furled up. Chambers. GA'SKINS. gas'-kinz. 7?. s. pi. [See Galligas- kins. 1 Wide hose ; wide breeches. Shakspeare. GASOMETER*, ga-zom'-e-tur. n. s. [gas, and fii- toov.~\ An instrument said to be invented by La- voisier and Meunier to measure the quantity of gas employed in experiments. The place where gas is prepared for lighting towns, &c. To GASP§, gasp. v. n. To open the mouth wide ; to catch breath with labour. Dryden. To emit breath by opening the mouth convuisively. Dryden. To long for. Spectator. £5= The a in this word has sometimes, and not improp- erly, the same sound as in gape, and for the same rea- son.— See G.A.PE. W. GASP, gasp. n. s. The act of opening the mouth to catch breath. The short catch of breath in the last agonies. 2 Mace. vii. To GASTS, gast. v.a. fearfc, Sax.] To make aghast ; to fright ; to shock ; to terrify. SlwJc. To GA'STER*, gas'-tur. v. a. [£a;rfc, Sax.] To scare ; to terrify. Beaumont and Fletcher. GA'STFUL*. See Ghastful. GA'STLY*. See Ghastly. GA'STNESS*, gast'-n&s. n.s. Fright; amazement. Shakspeare. GASTRICK^gas'-lrlk. a. [yaarhp.] Belonging to the belly or stomach. GASTRI/LOQUIST*, gas-trfl'-6-kwlst. n. s. [yac- r>ip, and loqui, Lat.] A person who speaks inward- ly! and whose voice seems to come afar off; usually called a ventriloquist. Reid. GASTRO'RAPHY, gas-tror'-a-fe. n. s. [yacrtip and pan™.] Sewing up any wound of the belly. Sharp. GASTROTOxMY, gas-trot'-6-m^. 518. n. s. [yacrfjp and Tf'ropia.] The act of cutting open the belly. GAT, gat. The nreterit of get. GAT-TOOTHED*.gat'-to6tfid.a. [^afc,Sax.] Hav- ing a goat's tooth ; having a lickerish tooth. Chaucer. GATES, gate. n.s. feeat, Sax.] The door of a city, castle, palace, or large building. A frame of timber, upon hinges, to give a passage into enclosed grounds. Shale. An avenue ; an opening. Knollcs. A way 3 a passage; a road. Drummond~. A goat. Spenser. GATED*. sri'-tSd. a. Having gates. Young. GATEVEIN, gate'-vane. n.s. The. vena porta. Ba- con. GATEWAY, gate'-wi. n. s. A way through gates of enclosed grounds. Mortimer. A building to be passed at the entrance of the area to a large man- sion. 7'oGATHERS, gaTH'-ur. v. a. feabepian, Sax.] i To collect ; to bring into one place. Gen. To get in harvest. Lev. xxv. To pic.< up ; to glean. Isaiah, Ixii. To crop ; to pluck. Lryden. To assemble. Job. To heap up ; to accumulate. Proverbs. To sHect and take. Psalm cvi. To sweep together. St.Maft. x\i'\. To collect charitable contributions. Dr. King. To bring into one body or interest. Isaiah, hi. To draw together from a state of dif- .*, fusion.;, to compress ; to contract. Pope. To gain, Dnjden. To pucker needlework. To collect logically. Hooker. To contract; to get. Joel, ii. — To gather breath. To have respite from any ca- lamity. Spenser. To GATHER, gaTH'-fir. v n. To be condensed; to thicken. Dryden. To g -ow larger by the ac- cretion of similar matter. .Bacon. To assemble. To generate pus or matter. GATHER, gaTH'-ur. 98. n. s. Pucker ; cloth drawn together in wrinkles. Hudibras. GATHERABLE*, gaTH'-fir-a-bl. a. Deducible from premised grounds! Godwin. GATHERER, gaTH'-ur-fir. n. s. One that gathers; a collector. IVotton. One that gets in a crop of any kind. Amos. GATHERING, gaTH'-ur-mg. n. s. An assembly, Ec.chcs. xxvi. An accumulation ; a collection. Shuckford. A collection of charitable contribu- tions. 1 Cor. xvi. Generation of matter. Decay of Christian Piety. GATTEN-TREE, gat'-tn-tre. n. s. A species of Cornelian cherry. GAUD$, gawd. n. s. [gaudium, Lat.] An ornament; a fine thing ; a toy ; a trinket ; a bawble. Goicer Not now much used. GATJDED*. gaw ; -d£d. a. Decorated with beads or trinkets. Chaucer. Coloured. Shakspeare. GATJDERY, gaw'-der-e. n. s. Finery ; ostentatious luxury of dress. Bacon. GATJDILY, gaw'-de-le. ad. Showily. Guthrie. GA'UDINESS, gaw'-de-nSs. n. s. Showiness; tin- sel appearance. Wliitluck. GATJDY, ga.w'-de. 213. a. Showy ; splendid; pomp- ous ; ostentatiously fine. Shak. Rejoicing ; festal. Shakspeare. GATJDY, gaw'-de. n. s. A feast ; a festival ; a day ofplentv. Cheijne. ToGxiUGES, gadje. 217. v.a. [gauge, Fr.] To measure with respect to the contents of a vessel. To measure with regard to any proportion. Der- ham. GAUGE, gadje. n. s. A measure; a standard. Moxon. GATJGER, ga'-jur. n. s. One whose business is to measure vessels or quantities. Carew. GAULS*, gawl. n. s. [Gallia, Lat.] An ancient name of France. Warton. An old inhabitant of France. Phillips. GATJLISH*, gaw'-lish. a Relating to the Gauls Chambers. To GAUM*, gawm. v. a. [gaum, Icel.] To under- stand : a northern word. To GAUNCH*. v. a. See To Ganch. GAUNT S, gant. 214. a. frepaman, Sax.] Thin; slender ; lean ; meager. Shakspeai-e. GA'UNTLY, gant'-le. ad. Leanly ; slenderly ; mea- gerlv. GA'UNTLET, gantMet. n. s. [gantelet, Fr.] An iron glove used for defence, and thrown down in challenges. Shalcspeare. GAUZE, gawz. n. s. [gaze, Fr.] A kind of thin, trans- parent silk. Arhdhnot. GAVE. gave. The preterit of give. GA'VELTS, gav'-il. 177. n. s. A provincial word for ground. Mortimer. A tribute; a toll; a yearly rent. See Gabel. GAVELKIND, gav'-?l-ldnd. n. s. A custom where- by the lands of the father are equally divided at his death amongst all his sons. Coioel. GA'VELOCK*. n. s. [ftaveloc, Sax.] An iron crow. Sometimes called Gqfflock. G A'VOT, gav'-ut. n. s. [gavotte, Fr.] A kind of dance. Arbuthnot. GA'WBY*. gaw'-be. n. s. [gabi, Fr.] A dunce, fool, or blockhead. GAWD*. See Gaud. GAWK§, gawk. 219. n. s. feeac, Sax.] A cuckoo. A foolish fellow. Brand. GA'WKY*, gaw'-ke. n. s. A stupid, half-witted, or awkward person. GA'WKY*, gaw'-ke. a. Awkward; ungainly. Pen- nant. To GAWM*. See To Gaum. GAWN, gawn. n. s. [corrupted for gallon ] A small tub or lading vessel. GA'WNTREE, gawn'-tre. n. s. [Scottish.] A wood- enframe on which beer casks are set when tunned. GAY S, ga. 220. a. [ gay, Fr.] Airy ; cheerful ; merry frolick. Pope. Fine; showy. James, ii. Specious Milton-. 419 GEH GEN U 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, met;— pine, pin;— GAY, ga. n. s. An ornament; an embellishment. L'Estrange. GA'YETY, ga'-e-te. n. s. Cheerfulness; airiness; merriment. Acts of juvenile pleasure. Denliam. Finery ; show. GA'YLY, ga'-le. ad. Merrily; cheerfully; airily. Bp. Hall. Splendidly ; pompously. Gay. GA'YNESS, ga'-nes. n.s. Gayety; finery. Bp. GA'YSOME*, gk'-s&m. a. Full of gayety. Mirror for Magistrates. To GAZE§, gaze. v. n. [ftej-ean, Sax.] To look in- tently and earnestly ; with eagerness. Shakspeare. S^p Ben Jonson says in his Grammar, that, in the end of "many English words, (where the letter z is only prop- erly used,) it seems to sound as s, as in maze, gaze ; as, on the contrary, words writ with s sound like z, as muse, hose, nose, &c." By which we may observe the differ- ence of pronunciation in two centuries, and that the al- teration has been in favour of analogy. W. To GAZE, gaze. v. a. To view steadfastly. Milton. GAZE, gaze. n. s. Intent regard ; look of eagerness or wonder; fixed look. Spenser. The object gazed on. Milton. GA'ZEFULjgaze'-ful. a. Looking intently. Spenser. GA'ZEHOUND, gaze'-hound. n. s. A hound that pursues not by the scent, but by the eye. Tickell. GAZE'L, [ga'-zel, Johnson; ga-zel', Todd and Webster ; gaz'-£l, Perry, ,] n. s. An Arabian deer. Goldsmith. GA'ZEMENT*, gaze'-ment. n. s. View. Spenser. GA'ZER, ga'-zfir. n. s. He that gazes. Spenser. GA'ZET*, ga-zet'. W. n.s. [gazetta,lta\.] A Venetian half-penny. Massinger. GAZE'TTE §, ga-zet'. n. s. [ga^etia is a Venetian half-penny, the original price of a newspaper.] A paper of news ; a paper of publick intelligence. To GAZETTE* ga-zet'. v. a. To insert in a ga- zette. GAZETTE'ER, gaz-et-teer'. n. s. A writer of news. Donne. An officer appointed to publish news by authority. Johnson. A newspaper. Thomson. GA'ZINGSTOCK, ga'-z?ng-stok. n. s. A person gazed at with scorn or abhorrence. Nahum, Any object gazed at. Bp. Hall. GA'ZON, gaz-5Sn'. [See Encore.] n. s. [Fr.] [In fortification.] Pieces of fresh earth covered with grass, cut in form of a wedge, to line parapets and the traverses of galleries. Harris. GE*. [Sax.] A particle often prefixed to Saxon verbs, participles, and verbal nouns. Verstegan. To GEAL§*, jeel. v. n. [ge'ler, old Fr.] To congeal. Partlieneia Sacra. GEAR §, geer. 560. n. s. T^eappian, Sax.] Furni- ture; accoutrements; dress; habit; ornaments. Spenser, The traces by which horses or oxen draw. Chapman. Stuff. Robinson. [In Scotland.] Goods or riches. The furniture of a draught- horse. Rambler. Business, things, or matters. Spenser. To GEAR*, geer. v. a. To dress. Ray. GE'ASQN, ge'-sn. a. [geisn, Goth.] Rare; uncom- mon; wonderful. Spenser. GEAT, jeet. n. s. [corrupted from jet.'] The hole through which the metal runs into the mould. Moxon. GE'BERISH*. See Gibberish. GECK§, gek. 381. n. s. [geek, Germ.] A bubble easily imposed upon. Shakspeare. Ob. J. {j^ a This word, like several other old English words, is preserved among the lower order of people in Ire- land, and pronounced gag, though totally obsolete in England. W. To GECK, gek. v. a. To cheat ; to trick. GEE, jee. A term used by wagoners to their horses when they would have them go faster. It is a sort of abbreviation oUgeho. Brand. GEER*. See Gear. GEESE. The plural of goose. GEHE'NNA* ge-hen'-na. n. s. [yiewa.] Properly, a place in a valley where the Israelites sacrificed their children in fire to the idol Moloch ; it is usual ly taken for hell. Milton. GE'HO*. See Gee. GE'LABLE, jel'-a-bl. [jel'-a-bl, Jones : je'-la-bl Sheridan and Perry.] a. What may be con- gealed. #Cr"I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the quantity of the first syllable of this word, not so much from the short e in the Latin gelabilis, whence it is derived, as from the analogy of English pronunciation. The ante- penultimate accent generally shortens every vowel but u, unless followed by a diphthong. — See Principles, No. 503, 535, 536. TV. GE'LATINE,jel'-a-line. 149. ) a. [gelatine, old Fr.] GELA'TINOUS, je-lat'-m-fis. S Formed into agel- ly; viscous; stiff and cohesive. Woodward. To GELD §, geld. 560. v. a. preter. gelded or gelt ; part. pass, gelded or gelt ; [gelten, Germ.] To cas- trate; to deprive of the power of generation. Tas- set: To deprive of any essential part. Shak. To deprive of any thing immodest, or liable to objec- tion. Dryden. GELD*, ggld. n. s. [£elb, Sax.] Tribute ; also a fine or compensation for delinquency. GE'LDER, geld' -fir. v.s. One that performs the act of castration. Tusser. GE'LDER-ROSE, gel'-dfir-r6ze. n. s. A plant. Miller. GE'LDING, gel'-dmg. 560. n.s. Any animal cas- trate^, particularly a horse. Graunt. GE'LID §, jel'-ld. a. [gelidus, Lat.] Extremely cold Marston. GELI'DITY, je-lld'-e-te. n.s. Extreme cold. Diet. GE'LIDNESS, jel'-fd-nes. n. s. Extreme cold. Diet. GE'LLY, jel'-le. n. s. [geUe, Fr.] Any viscous body ; viscidity; glue; gluy substance. Dryden. GELT, gelt. n.s. A castrated animal. Mortimer. Ob. J GELT, gelt. n. s. Tinsel ; gilt surface. Spenser. GELT, geit. The part. pass, of geld. GEM §, jem. n. s. [gemma, Lat.] A jewel ; a precious stone of whatever kind. Sidney. The first bud. Denham. To GEM, jem. v. a. To adorn, as with jewels or buds. Lovelace. To GEM, jem. v. n. To put forth the first buds Milton. GE'MEL§*,jem'-fl. n.s. [gemellus, Lat.] A pair; two things of a sort; an lieraldick term. Dray- ton. GE'MEL Ring*, [now written gimmal and gim- bal ring.] n. s. Rings with two or more links. Brewer. GEMELLI'PAROUS, jem-mgl-lfp'-pa-rfis. 518. a [gemelli and patio, Lat.] Bearing twins. Diet. To GE'MINATE§,jem''-me-nate. , 91. v. a. [gemino, Lat.] To double. Diet. GEMINA'TION, jem-me-na'-shfin. % s. Repetition; reduplication. Bacon. GEMINI*, jem'-e-nl. n. s. pi. [Lat.] The twins. Castor and Pollux ; the third sign in the zodiack B. Jonson. GE'MINY, jem'-me-ne. n. s. Twins ; a pair. Sliak. GE'MINOUS, jem'-me-nfis. a. Double. Brown. GE'MMARY, jem'-a-re. a. Pertaining to gems or jewels. Brown. G'E'MMEOUS, jem'-me-us. a. Tending to gems. Woodward. Resembling gems. GEMMG'SITY,jem-mos'-e-te. n.s. The quality of being a jewel. Diet. GE'MMY*, jem'-me. a. Resembling gems. Thom- son. GE'MOTE, jem'-m6te. n. s. [gemot, Sax.] A meeting ; the court of the hundred. Ob. J. GE'NDER^, jen'-dfir. n. s. [gendre, Fr.] A kind ; a sort. Shak. A sex. A. Simth. [In grammar.] A denomination given to nouns from their being joined with an adjective in this or that termina- tion. Clark. To GE'NDER, jen'-diir. v. a. To beget. Wklirfe. To produce ; to cause . 2 Tim. To GE'NDER, jen'-dfir. v. n. To copulate ; to breed. Shakspeare. 420 -GEN GEN -n6, mSve, n5r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ;— 6il 5— pound 5 — th'm, Tiiis. GENEALOGICAL, je-ne-u-l&dje'-e-kal. a. Per- taining" to descents or families. Gough. GENEALOGIST, je-ne-al'-A-j?st. n. s. He who traces descents. Walpole. GENEA'LOGY §, je-ne-al'-6-je. 518. [jen-e-al'-o-je, Sheridan and Jones.] n. s. [ycvza and Xdyog.] His- tory of the succession of families. Burnet. 03F Common speakers, and those not of the lower order, are apt to pronounce this word as if written geneology : but those who are ever so littlo attentive to propriety, preserve the a in its fourth sound. W. GE / NERABLE,j3n / -3r-a-bl.a.te«ier0 > Lat.] That may be produced or begotten. Bentley. GENERAL §, jen'-er-al. 88. a. [genemlis, Lat.] Comprehending- many species or individuals 5 not special ; not particular. Shak. Lax in significa- tion ; not restrained to any special or particular import. Watts. Not restrained by narrow or dis- tinctive limitations. Locke. Relating to a whole class or body of men, or a whole kind of any being. Whitgift. Publick ; comprising the whole. Shak. Not directed to any single object. Sprat. Having relation to aU. Milton. Extensive, though not universal. Common 3 usual. Sliak. Compendi- ous. Shakspeare. GENERAL, jeV-gr-al. n. s. The whole; the totali- ty. Norris. The publick ; the interest of the whole. Shak. The vulgar. Shak. [General, Fr.] One that has the command over an army. Locke. A particular beat of the drum ; the signal of marching. GENERAEFSSIMO, jen-eV-al-?s'-e-m6. n. s. [gen- eralissime, Fr.] The supreme commander. Wotton. GENERALITY, jen-er-aF-e-te. n. s. [generalite, Fr.] The state of being general. Hooker. The main bodv ; the bulk. Raleigh. GENERALIZATION*, jen-gr-al-e-za'-shfin. n. s. The act of reducing to a genus. A. Smith. To GENERALIZE*, jen'-er-al-lze. v. a. To re- duce to a genus. Reid. GENERALLY, jen'-er-al-e. ad. In general ; without specification or exact limitation. Shak. Extensive- ly, though not universally. Commonly ; frequently ._ In the main; without minute detail. Addison. GENERA LNESS, jen'-gr-al-nes. n, s. Wide ex- tent, though short of universality 3 frequency: commonness. Sidney. GENERALSHIP*, j§n'-er-al-sh?p. n. s. Conduct of him who commands an army; good or bad management. Bolingbroke. GENERALTYJen'-gr-al-te. n. s. The whole 5 the totalitv. Hale. GENERANT, jen'-er-ant. n. s. The begetting or productive power. Glanrille. To GENERATE y , jgn'-er-ate. v. a.[genero, Lat.] To beget ; to propagate. Bacon. To produce to life ; to procreate. Milton. To cause 3 to produce. Bacon. GENERATION, jgn-gr-a'-shfin. n. s. The act of begetting or producing. Bacon. A family; a race. Sliak. Progeny ; offspring. Sliak. A single suc- cession. Raleig'lu An age. Hooker. GENERATFv E, jen'-er-a-tlv. 512. a. Having the power of propagation. Raleigh. Prolifick; fruitful. Bentley. GENERATOR, jeV-eV-a-tur. 166, 521. n. s. The power which begets, causes, or produces. B^own. The person who Degets. Brown. GENE>RICAL§,je-ner'-e-kal. )a. [generiqm, Fr.] GENE'RICK §, je-ner'-rlk.509. \ That which com- prehends the genus, or distingu'shes from another genus. Harvey. NE'RICALLY, je-»V-e-kal-e. ad. With re- gard to the genus, though not the species. Wood- ward. GENERO'SITY, ie : n-e ; r-6s'-e-te. n. s. High birth. Shak. The quality of being generous ; magna- nimitv; liberality. Locke. GENEROUS §, jeV-er-us. 314. a. [generosus, Lat.] Not of mean birth 5 of good extraction. Ld. Burleigh Noble of mind ; magnanimous ; open of heart. Dry den. It is used of animals : Sprightly; daring 3 29 courageous. Cowley. Liberal ; munificent. Parndl. Strong; vigorous. Boyle. GENEROUSLY, jen'-gr-us-le. ad. Not meanly, with regard to birth. Magnanimously; nobly Dryden. Liberally; munificently. GENEROUSNESSJeV-er-us-nfis. n.s. The quali ty of being generous. Spenser. GENESIS §,jeV-e-sis. n. s. [yivecis.] Generation, the first book of Moses, which treats of the pro duction of the world. Patrick. GE> NET, jen' -nit. 99. n.s. [ginete, Span.] A small sized, well-proportioned Spanish horse. Sliakspeare GENET*; jeV-nft. n.s. An animal of the weasel kind. Bullokar. GENETHLFACALJgn-M-il'-a-kal. [See Heter- ogeneous.] a. [y£v£0X/a(co?.] Pertaining to nativi- vfflM.] The science of calculating nativities, 'or predicting the future events of life from the stars predominant at the birth. GENETHLIA'TICK, je-neW-le-at'-ik. n. s. He who calculates nativities. Drummond. GENE 'V A, je-ne'-va. n. s. [genevre, Fr.] A spirit distilled from the juniper-berry ; the fiery liquid called-in. Massinger. GENEVA Bible*, n. s. The whole English Bible printed at Geneva, first in 1560. Strype. GENE'VANISM*, je-ne'-van-izm. ru s. Strict Cal vinisin. Mountagu. GENEVO'lS*. n. s. pi. People of Geneva. Addison. Now written Generese. GENIAL §, je'-ne-al. a. [genialis, Lat.] That which contributes to propagation. 3Iilton. That gives cheerfulness, or supports life. Milton. Natu ral ; native. Brown. Gav ; n fay; merry. Warton. GENIALLY, je'-ne-al-Ie. ad. By genius; naturally. dy; cheerfully. Hariis. To GENICULATE §*, je-nik'-u-late. v. a. [genicu Glanrille. Gayly; cheerfully. lo, Lat.] To joint or knot. Cockeram. GENFCULATED, je-nuV-u-la-teU a. Knotted; jointed. Woodward. GENICUL ACTION, je-nlk-u-la'-shun. n,s. Knotti- ness. The act of kneeling. Bp. Hall GENIE*, je'-ne. n.s. [genie, old Fr.] Inclination; disposition; turn of mind. Wood. GENIO, je'-ne^. n. s. [Ital.] A man of a particular turn of mind. Taller. GENITALS, je^-e-talz. 88. n. s. [genitalis, Lat.] Parts belonging to generation. Brown. GENITlNGJen'-ne-tin. n. s. [Janeton, Fr.] An early apple gathered in June. Bacon. GENITIVE, jen'-e-tlv. a. {gtmtimts, Lat.] [In grammar.] The name of a case, which, among other relations, signifies one begotten; as, the fa- ther of a son ; or one begetting, as, son ofafatlier. HaiTis. GENITOR*,jen / -e-tur.n.s. A sire; a father. Sheldon. GENITURE*, jeV-e-tshure. n. s. Generation ; birth.. Burton. GENIUS §, je'-ne-us. n. s. [Lat.] The protecting er ruling power of men, places, or things. Shak. A man endowed with superiour faculties. Addisen. Mental power or faculties. Waller. Disposition of nature by which any one is qualified for some peculiar employment. Dryden. Nature ; disposi- tion. Burnet. GENOE'SE*, jen-6-ese'. n. s. pi. The people of Ge- noa in Italy. Addison. GENT,jent.a. [gent, old Fr.] Elegant; pretty; soft; fentle ;_polite. Spenser. Ob. J. NTE'EL §, jen-teel'. a. [gentil, Fr.] Polite ; ele- gant in behaviour; civil. Swift. Graceful ia mien. Toiler. Elegantly dressed. Law. GENTE'ELLY, jln-teelMe. ad. Elegantly ; politely. Glanxrille. Gracefully; handsomely. Sioinburne. GENTE'ELNESS, jdn-teeF-nes. n. s. Elegance 3 gracefulness ; politeness. Dryden. Qualities befit ting a man 01 rank. GENTIAN, jen'-shan. n. s. [gemiana, Lat.] Fel wort or baldmony. Hill. 421 GEN GEO inr559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met j— pine, p?n \- GENTIANE'LLA, jen-shan-elMa. n. s. A kind of blue colour. GENTILE ftjtn'-ffi, or j^n'-tile. n. s. [gentilis, hut.] One of an uncovenanted nation ; one who knows not the true God. Rom. ii. A person of rank. Tusser. Jc5= In the Principles of Pronunciation, No. 140, 1 thought Mr. Sheridan wrong in marking the i in this word long, because it is contrary to analogy , but have since had occasion to observe, that this pronunciation is most agreeable to general usage. W. GE / NTILE*,jen / -lil,or jen'-tlle. a. Belonging- to a nation ; as, British, Irish, German, &c. are gentile adjectives. GENTLLE'SSE, jen-te-leV. n.s. [Fr.] Complai- sance ; civility. Hudibras. Ob. J. GENT1LISH, jgn'-til-ish. a. Heathenish ; pagan. Milton. GENTILISM, jen'-tll-fzm. n. s. Heathenism ; pa- ganism. Stilling fleet.. GENTILITIOUS, jen-fil-llsh'-us. a. [gentilitbis, Lat.] Endemial ; peculiar to a nation. Brown. Hereditary ; entailed on a family. Arbuthnot. GENTFLITY, jen tll'-e-te. it.*. Good extraction ; dignity of birth. Edward. Elegance of behaviour j gracefulness of mien ; nicety of taste. Shak. Gen- try ; the class of persons well born. Dames. Pa- ganism ; heathenism. Hooker. To GENTIL1ZE*, jen'-rfl-ize. v.n. To live like a heathen. Milton. GENTLER ien'-tl. 405. a. [gentilis, Lat.] Well born •, well descended ; ancient, though not noble. Sidney. Befitting a gentleman; genteel; grace- ful. Spenser. Soft; bland; mild; tame; meek; peaceable. Shak. Soothing ; pacifick. Davies. GENTLE, jen'-tl. n.s. A gentleman; a man of birth. SlwJc. Ob. J. A particular kind of worm. Walton. To GENTLE, jen'-tl. r. a. To make gentle. Shak- speare. Ob. J. GENTLEFOLK, jen'-tl-f6ke. [See Folk.] n.s. Persons distinguished by their birth from the vulgar. Shakspeare. GE 'NTLEMAN §, jeV-tl-man. 88. n.s. [geniilhomme, Fr.] A man of birth ; a man of extraction, though not noble. Sidney. A man raised above the vul- gar by his character or post. Shak. A term of complaisance : sometimes ironical. Addison. The servant that waits about the person of a man of rank. Camden. It is used ot any man, however high. Shakspeare. GENTLEMANLIKE, jen'-tl-man-llke. ) a. Becom- GENTLEMANLYJen'-tl-man-le. $ ingaman of birth. Spenser. GENTLEMANLINESS* jen'-tl-man-le-n§s. n. s. Behaviour of a gentleman. Sherwood. GENTLEMANSHIl'^jeV-tl-man-shlp. n.s. Car- riage of a gentleman ; quality of a gentleman. Ld. Halifax. GENTLENESS, jen'-tl-nes. n. s. Dignity of birth ; goodness of extraction. Pegge. Gentlemanly con- duct ; elegance of behaviour. Shak. Softness of manners ; sweetness of disposition ; meekness. Milton. Kindness; benevolence. B. GUjnn. GLNTLESHIP. jv and ko- pitx).] That part of medicine which treats of the proper regimen to be observed in old age. GEROCO'MICAL*. je-r6-k6m'-e-kal. a. Pertaining to that part of medicine which concerns old age. Smith. GE'RUNDJer'-und. n.s. [gerundinm, Lat.] [In the Latin grammar.] A kind of verbal noun, which governs cases like a verb. Lilly. GE'SLING*, ges'-llng. n. s. A gosling. GEST§,jest. n.s. [geste, old Fr.] A deed; an ac- tion ; an achievement. Spenser. Show ; represent- ation. The roll or journal of the several days, and stages prefixed, in the progresses of our kings. A stage ; so much of a journey as passes without in- terruption. Hammond. GESTA'TION §, jes-ta'-shfin. n. s. [gestatio, Lat.] The act of bearing the young in the womb. Brown, GE'STATORY*, jes'-ta-tur-e. a. Capable of being borne or carried. Sir T. Brown. GE'STICK*, jes'-tlk. a. Legendary; historical. Goldsmith. To GESTFCULATE§, jes-tftV-u-late. v.n. [gestic- nlor, Lat.] To play antick tricks ; to show pos- tures. Sir T. Herbert. To GESTICULATE*, jes-tlk'-u-late. v. a. To act; to imitate. B. Jonson. GESTICULATION, jes-tfk-u-la'-shun. n.s. Antick tricks ; various postures. Bp. Hall. GEST1'CULAT6r*, jes-tfk'-u-la-tur. n.s. One that shows postures or tricks. Pegge. GESTI'CULATORY*, jgs-tlk'-u-la-tur-e. a. Repre- senting in antick manner. Warton. GE'STOUR*, jeV-tfir. n.s. A narrator. Cluaicer. Ob. T. GE'STURE$, jes'-tshure. 461. n.s. [gero, gestum, Lat.] Action or posture expressive of sentiment. Sidney. Movement of the bodj-. Milton. To GE'STURE, jes'-tshure. v. a. To accompany with action or posture. Hooker. To GET§, gh. 3S1. v.a. pret. I got, anciently gYrf ; part. pass, got, or gotten, and anciently get ; [Ret- ail, ^eafcan, Sax.] To procure ; to obtain. Gen. xxxi. To force; to seize. Daniel. To win by con- test. Shak. To have possession of; to have. Her bert. To beget upon a female. Sliak. To gain as profit. Locke. To gain as superiority or advan tage. Shak. To earn; to gain by labour. Locke To receive as a price or reward. Locke. To learn. Fell. To procure to be. South. To put into any stale. Abbot. To prevail on ; to induce. Spectator. To draw ; to hook. Ecclus. xiii. To betake to re- move. Gen. xxxi. To remove by force or art. Knol/es. To put. Shak.— To get off'. To sell or dispose of by some expedient. Swi/t. To get over. To conquer; to suppress. Addison. To get up To prepare ; to make fit. To GET, gh. 560. is. n. To arrive at any state or posture by degrees, with some kind of labour, ef- fort, or difficulty. Sidney. To fall ; to come by accident. Toiler. To find the way. Boyle. To move ; to remove. Tusser. To have recourse to. Locke. To go ; to repair. Knolles. To put one's self in any state. Clarendon. To become by any act what one was not before. Dryden. To* be a gainer; to receive advantage. Waller. — To get off. To escape. Bacon. To get up. To rise from repose. Bacon. To rise from a seat. To remove from a place. Numb. xvi. GE'TTER, get'-tur. n. s. One who procures or ob- tains. Martin. One who begets on a female. Shak. GE'TTING, get'-tmg. n.s. Act of getting ; acquisi- tion. Prov. iv. Gain ; profit. Bacon. GEWGAWS, gu'-gaw. 381. n.s. [£e£ap, Sax.] A showy trifle ; a toy ; a bauble ; a splendid play- thing. Bp. Hall. GE'WGAW, gu'-gaw. a. Splendidly trifling; showy without value. Laic. GHA'STFUL §, gasl'-ful. 390. a. feart and pulle, Sax.] Dreary ; dismal ; melancholy. Spenser Dreadful ; frightful. Mirror for Magistrates. GHA'STFULLY*,gasl'-ful-le.W. Frightfully. Pope. GHA'STLINESS, gast'-le-nes. n. s. Honour of countenance ; resemblance of a ghost ; paleness. GHA'STLY$, gast'-le. a. [^apfc, or ghost, and like.'] ■ Like a ghost; having horrour in the countenance ; pale; dismal. Sliak. Horrible; shocking; dread- ful. Miltim. GHA'STINESS, gast'-nes. n. s. Ghaslliness; hor- rour of look. Shakspeare. GHERKIN, ger'-kln. n.s. [gurcke, Germ.] A small pickled cucumber. Skinner. ToGHESS, gh. v.n. [See To Guess.] To con- jecture. Spei/ser. GHOST $, g6st.' 390. n.s. [#apfc, Sax.] The soul of man. Pearson. A spirit appearing after death. Dryden. — To give up the ghost. To die ; to yield up the spirit into the hands of God, Job. — The third person in the adorable Trinity, called the Holy Ghost. Apostles' Creed. To GHOST, gist. v. n. To yield up the ghost ; to die. Sidney. Ob. J. To GHOST, g6st. v. a. To haunt with apparitions of departed men. Shakspeare. Ob. J. GHO'STLIKE*, gost'-llke. a. Withered; having hollow, sad, or sunk-in eyes ; wild-looking ; ghast- ly. Sherwood. GHO'STLINESS, gostf-le-nes. n. s. Spiritual ten- dency ; quality of having reference chiefly to the soul. GHO'STLY, g6st'-le. a. Spiritual ; relating^ to the soul ; not carnal ; not secular. Common Prayer. Having a character from religion; spiritual. Shak. Relating to apparitions of departed men. Akenside. GIA'LLALINA, je-al'-la-le-na. n. s. [Ital.] Earth of a bright gold colour, found in the kingdom of Naples. Woodward GIA'MBEAUXJam'-b6ze. n.s. [fambes, Fr.] Legs ; or armour for legs ; greaves. Spenser. Gl'ANTS, jl'-ant. n.s. [geani, Fr.] A man of size above the ordinary rate of men ; a man unnatural ly large. Shakspeare. GFANTESS, jl'-an-tes. n.s. A she-giant; a woman of unnatural bulk and height. Howell. To GI'ANTIZE*, jl'-ant-lze. v.n. To play the giant Slierwood. m GID GIL 03= 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, m§t;— pine, pin;— GFANTLIKE, jl'-ant-llke. ) a. Gigantick ; vast ; GFANTLY, jl'-ant-le. J bulky. Bp. Hall. GFANTRY* jl'-ant-re. n.s. The race of giants. Cotgrave. GI' ANTSHIP, jl'-ant-shlp. n. s. Quality or character of a giant. Milton. GIB $, gib. 382. n. s. Any old, worn-out animal. A cat. Skelton. To GIB*, gib. «. n. To act like a cat. Beaumont and Fletcher. GI'BBED*, glb'-bed. a. Having been caterwauling. Bulwer. To GFBBER, glb'-bfir. 382. v. n. To speak inartic- ulate! v. Shakspeare. GFBBERISH§, gib'-b&r-?sh. 382. n. s. Cant ; the private language of rogues and gipsies; words without meaning. Swift. GFBBERISH*, glb'-bfir-lsh. a. Canting; unintelli- gible ; fustian. Florio. To GFBBERISH*, glb'-bfir-lsh. v. n. To prate idly or unintelligibly. Mounlagu. GFBBET, jlb'-blt. n.s. [gibet, Fr.] A gallows; the post on which malefactors are hanged, or on which their carcasses are exposed. JJavies. Any traverse beams. To GFBBET, jlb'-blt. v. a. To hang or expose on a gibbet. Oldliam. To hang on any thing going traverse. Shakspeare. Gl'BBlER, glb'-bere. n. s. [Fr.] Game ; wild fowl. Addison.. GFBBLE-GABBLE*,glb'-bl-gab'-bl. n.s. Any rude or noisy conversation ; fustian language ; barbarous speech. Bullokar. GIBBOSITY, glb-bos'-e-te. n. s. Convexity ; prom- inence ; protuberance. Gregory. GFBBOUS$,glb'-bfis. 382. 5. [gibbus, Lat.] Con- vex ; protuberant ; swelling into inequalities. Wise- man. Crookbacked. Brown. .H'BBOUSNESS, gfb'-bfis-n\ a safe goer. Beaumcnd and Fletcher. The foot. Chap- man. GOETY*, g6'-e-te. n. s. [yorjrtia.] A kind of magick ; an invocation of evil spirits. Hallyu-ell. GOFF §*, gof. n. s. [gojj'e, old Fr.] A foolish clown. A game. See Golf. GO FFISH* gof-fish. a. Foolish ; indiscreet. CIum- cer. GOG*, gog. n. s. [See Agog.] Haste; desire to go. Beaumont and Fletcher. To GO'GGLE §, gog'-gl. 405. v. n. [gagr, Icel.] To strain the eyes ; to roll the eyes. Sidney. GO'GGLE*, gog'-gl. n.s. A stare ; a bold or strained look. Beaumont and Fletcher. In the plural : blinds for horses that are apt to take fright ; glasses worn by persons to defend the eye from dust. GOGGLE*, gog'-gl. a. Staring; having full eyes. B. Jonson. GO'GGLE-EYED, gog'-gl-lde. 283. a. Having eyes ready to start, as it were, out of the head. As- cham. GO'GGLED*, gSg'-gld. a. Prominent; staring. Sir T. Herbert. GOING, gdMng. n. s. The act of walking. Shak Pregnancy. Grew. Departure. Milton. Pro- ceeding ; series of conduct. Job, xxxiv. To GOKE*. ^See To Gowk. GO'LA, go' -la. n. s. The same with cymatmm, Addison. GOLD §, g6ld, or g66ld. 164. n. s. [£olb, Sax.] The heaviest, the most dense, the most simple, the mosi ductile, and most fixed, of all bodies; not to be in- jured either by air or fire, and seeming incorrupti- ble. Hill. IVIoney. Shak. Any thing pleasing or valuable. Shak. A flower. Cluxucer. 05= It is much to be regretted, that the second soui:d of this word is grown much more frequent than the first. It is not easy to guess at the cause of this unmeaning deviation from the general rule ; but the effect is, to iin • poverish the sound of the language, and to add to its irregularities. It has not, however, like some other words, irrevocably lost its true pronunciation. Rhym« still claims its right to the long open o, a3 in bold, cold, fold, &c " Judges and senates have been bought for (told ; " Esteem and love were never to be sold." " Now Europe's laurels on their brows behold, " But 3tained with blood, or ill exchanged for gold. 1 " Pope. And solemn speaking, particularly the language of Scripture, indispensably requires the same sound With these established authorities in its favour, it is a disgrace to the language to suffer indolence and v«|- 431 GON GOO [FT 559.- -Fate, far, fill, fat;- — me, mei;- -plne pin;— garity to corrupt it into the second sound. — See Wind But, since it is generally corrupted, we ought to keep this corruption from spreading, by confining it, as much as possible, to familiar objects and familiar occasions ; thus goldbeater, gold/inch, goldjinder, guiding, and goldsmith, especially when a proper name, as, Dr. Goldsmith, may admit of the second sound of o, but not golden, as the golden age. W. GOLD of Pleasure, n.s. A plant. GOLDBEATEN^g&d'-be-tn.a. Gilded; covered with gold. Pierce Ploughman. GOLDBEATER, g&d'-be-t&r. n. s. One whose oc cupation is to beat or foliate gold. Boyle. GOLDBEATER'S Skin, gold'-be-turz-skm'. n. s The intestinum rectum of an ox, which goldbeaters lay between the leaves of their metal while they beat it, by which the membrane is reduced thin, and made fit to apply to cuts or small fresh wounds, Mortimer. GOLDBOUND, gild'-bound. a. Encompassed with gold. Slmkspeare. LDEN, eAl'-dn. 103. a. Made of gold ; consist- ing of gold. Dan. iii. Shining ; bright ; splen- did; resplendent. Shale. Yellow; of the colour of gold. Mortimer. Excellent; valuable. Shak Happy ; resembling the age of gold. Shakspeare. GOLDEN Number*, n. s. The number which shows the year of the moon's cycle. Wlveatly. GO'LDEN Rod*, n. s. A plant. GO'LDEN Rule*, n. s. [In arithmetick.] The Rule of Three, or Rule of Proportion. GO'LDEN Saxifrage, n. s. An herb. GOLDENLY, g6K-dn-le. ad. Delightfully; splen- didly. Shakspeare. GOLDFINCH, gold'-ffnsh. n. s. fcolbcinc, Sax.] A singing bird, so named from his golden colour. Carew. GOLDFINDER, grMd'-flnd-fir. n. s. One who finds gold. A term ludicrously applied to those that empty jakes. Swift. GO'LDHAMMER, g6ld'-ham-mur. n.s. A kind of bird. Diet. GO LDING, gdld'-ing. n. s. A sort of apple. Did. GOLDHILTED* gold-hut'-ed. a. Having a golden hilt. GO'LDLEAF*, goid'-Ieef. n. s. Beaten gold. GO'LDNEY, goTd'-ne. n. s. A fish : the gilthead. Diet. GOLDPLEASURE, g6ld'-plezh-ure. n. s. An herb. Diet. GQLDPROOF*, gold'-prSof. a. Able to resist the temptation of gold. Beaumont and Fletcher. GOLDSIZE, g6ld'-slze. n. s. A glue of a golden colour ; glue used by gilders. Peacham. GOLDSMITH, gbW-snOth. ft. s. [#olbrmi8, Sax.] One who manufactures gold. Slunk. A banker ; one who keeps money for others in his hands. Ld. Clarendon. GOLDYLOCKS, g6ld / -e-16ks. n. s. A plant. B. Jonson. GOLF*, g&lf. n. s. [kolf Dutch and Sw.] A game played with a ball and a club or bat. It consists in driving the ball from one hole to another ; and he who drives his ball into the hole with the fewest strokes, is the winner. Strutt. GOLL, gSl. n. s. [yvaXov.] Hands ; paws ; claws. Sidney. GOLO'RE*. go-lore', n. s. \ glare, Irish.] Abun- dance. GOM §#, gom. n. s. [gunut, Goth.] A man. Pierce Ploughman's Vision. Ob. T. GO'MAN*, go'-man. n. s. A man. Whiter. Ob. T. GOME, g6me. n. s. The black grease of a cart- wheel : probably a corruption of coom. GOMPHO'SIS, g&m-f. n. To write or delineate on hard substances. Exod. xxviii. GRAVE §, grave, a. [gravis, Lat.] Solemn ; serious ; sober. Shak. Of weight; not futile; credible. Grew. Not showy ; not tawdry. Not sharp of sound ; not acute. Holder. GRAVELS, grav'-el. 99. n.s. [graved, Dutch.] Hard sand. Woodward, [gravelle, Fr.] Sandy matter concreted in the kidneys. Arbuthnot. To GRA'VEL, grav'-el. v. a. To pave or cover with gravel. Bacon. To stick in the sand. Camden. To puzzle ; to stop ; to put to a stand. Shak. [In horsemanship.] To hurt the foot with gravel con- fined b} r the shoe. GRA'VELESS, grave'-les. a. Wanting a tomb ; ' unburied. Sliakspeare. GRA'VELLY, grav'-el-le. a. [graveleux, Fr.] Full of gravel; abounding with gravel. Bacon. GRxVVELY, grave'-le.arf.SoTemnly ; seriously ; so- berly ; without lightness or mirth. Milton. With- out gaudiness or snow. GRATENESS, grave'-nes. n.s. Seriousness; so- lemnity and sobriety of behaviour. Sliakspeare. GRAYEOLENT, gra-ve'-6-lent. a. [graviokns, Lat.] Strong scented. Did. GRAYER, gra'-v&r. 98. n. s. [graveur, Fr.] One whose business is to inscribe or carve upon hard substances ; one who copies pictures upon wood or metal to be impressed on paper. Dryden. The style or tool used in graving. Boyle. GRAYTD S # , grav'-Sd. a. [gravidas, Lat.] Pregnant. Sir T. Herbert. GRAYIDATED*, grav'-e-da-ted. a. Great with young. Barrow. GRaVTDA'TION*, grav-e-da'-sh&n. n.s. Pregnan- cy. Pearson. GRAVIDITY, gra-vld'-e-te. n.s. Pregnancy; state of being with child. Arbuthnot. GRAYING, gra'-vfng. n.s. Carved work. 2 Chron. Impression. King Cliarles. To GfRA' VITATE S, grav'-e-tate. v.n. [gravis, Lat.] To tend to the centre of attraction. Blackmore. GRAVITA'TIQN, grav-e-ta'-sh&n. n. s. Act of tending to the centre. Bentley. GRA VLT Y ; grav'-e-te. n. 5. [gravitas, Lat.] Weight ; heaviness ; tendency to the centre. Quincy. Atro- ciousness; weight of guilt. Hoo/cer. Seriousness; solemnity. Slialcspeare. GRAYY, gra'-ve. n. s. [grav, Germ.] The serous juice that runs from flesh not much dried by the fire. Harwy. GRAYS, gra. a. [^pae^, Sax. grau, Dan.] White with a mixture of black. Milton. White or hoary 1 with old age. Bacon. Dark like the opening or close of dav; of the colour of ashes. Camden. GRAY, gra." n. s. A gray colour. Sliakspeare. GRAY, gra. n.s. A badger. Ainsworth. GRAY*, gra. n. s. A kind of salmon, having a gray- back and sides. GRA'YBEARD, gra'-beerd. n. s. An old man. Shak. GRAYFLY*, gra'-fil. n.s. The trumpet-fly. Milton. GRAYISH*, gri'-ish. a. Approaching to a gray colour. Warner. GRAYLE*. See Grail. GRA'YLING, graMing. n.s. The umber; a fish. Walton. GRAYNESS, gra'-nes. n.s. The quality of being gray. Sherwood. To GRAZE §, graze, v. n. r#pa]-ian, Sax.] To eat grass ; to feed on grass. Sliak. To supply grass. Bacon. To move on devouring. Bacon. [From raser, Fr.] To touch lightly. Sliakspeare. To GRAZE, graze v.a. To tend grazing cattle. Shak To feed upon. Milton. To supply with grass. To strike lightly. ^ [raser, Fr.] Sliakspeare. GRA'ZER, gra'-z&r. n. s. One who feeds on grass. Philips. GRAZIER, gra'-zhfir. 283, 484. n.s. One who feeds cattle. Bacon. GREASE S, grese. 227, 560. n. s. [graisse, Fr.] The soft part of the fat. Bacon. [In horsemanship.] A swelling and gourdiness of the legs of a horse. To GREASE, greze. 437. v. a. To smear or anoint with grease. Swift. To bribe; to corrupt with presents. Dryden. GRE'ASILY*, gre'-ze-le. ad. With an appearance, as if smeared with grease. More. Grossly ; indeli cately. Shakspeare GRE'ASINESS, gre'-ze-nes. n.s. Oiliness ; fatness. Boyle. GRE'ASY, gre'-ze. a. Oily ; fat ; unctuous. Shak. Smeared with grease. Mortimer. Fat of body; bulk}'. Shak. Gross ; indelicate ; indecent. Mar stem. GREATS, grate. 240, 241. a. [Kjieafc, Sax.] Large in bulk or number. St. Matt. xxvi. Having any qualit} r in a high degree. Psalm xiv. Having num • ber or bulk, relative or comparative. Locke. Con- siderable in extent or duration. 2 Sam. Impor- tant; weighty. Milton. Chief; principal. Shak. Venerable ; adorable ; awful. Milton. Wonderful ; marvellous. Milton. Of high rank; of large pow- er. Dan. ii. General ; extensive in consequence or influence. Milton. Illustrious; eminent; noble. Jer. x. Grand of aspect ; of elevated mien. Dry- den. Magnanimous; generous. Sidney. Opulent; sumptuous; magnificent. Milton, intellectually great; sublime. Milton. Swelling ; proud. Knolles. Familiar; much acquainted. Bacon-. Pregnant; teeming. Jerem. xx. It is added in every step of ascending or descending consanguinity : as, great grandson is the son of mv grandson. Camden. Hard; difficult; grievous. Bp. Taylcr. GREAT, grate, n.s. The whole; the gross; the whole in a lump. Tusser. GRE'ATBELLIED, grate-bei'-ld. 283. a. [great and belly.] Pregnant; teeming. Wilkins. To GRE'ATEN, grate'-tn. v. a. To aggrandize ; to enlarge. Raleigh. To GRE'ATEN*, rra'-tn. v. n. To increase ; to be- come large. Scum. GREATHEARTED, grate-hart'-ed. a. High spir- ited ; undetected. Clarendon. GRE'ATLY^rateMe. ad. In a great degree. Milton. Nobly ; illustriously. Dryden. Magnanimously ; generously ; bravely. Addison. GRE'ATNESS, grate'-nes. n. s. [^peatne^-pe, Sax.] Largeness of quantity or number. Addison. Comparative quantity. Locke. High degree ot any quality. Rogers. High place ; dignity ; pow- er; influence; empire. Sidney. Swelling pride ; affected state. Bacon. Merit ; magnanimity ; no bleness of mind. Milton. Grandeur ; state ; mag nificence. Pope. GREAVE, greev. n.s. A grove, [gpsep, Sax.] Chaucer. A groove, [groof Icel.] Spenser. GREAVES, greevz. n. s. [greves, Fr.] Armour for the legs ; a sort of boots. 1 Sam. xvii. GRE'CIANS*, gre'-shan. n. s. [Grrca/s, Lat.] A na tive or inhabitant of Greece. Joel, iii. A Jew who understood or spoke Greek. Acts, vi. One skilled in the Greek language ; as, He is a good Grecian. GRE'CIAN*, gre'-shan. a. Relating to the country of Greece. Milton. GRE'CIAN Fire*, gre'-shan-flre. n.s. [feu Greceeis, FrJ Wildfire ; such as will burn within water. To GRE'CIANIZE*, gre'-shan-lze. v. n. [grecan- izer, Fr.] To play the Grecian; to speak Greek. Coigrave. To GRE'CISE*. v.a. [grecizer, Fr.] To translate into Greek. Warton. GRE'CISM, gre'-slzm. n. s. [grcecismus, Lat.] An idiom of the Greek language. Addison. GRE'DALIN*. See Gridelin. GREE, ere. n.s. [gri, Fr.] Good will; favour. 438 GRE GRI -no, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 5 — pound ; — thin, THis. Rank 5 degree, [gradus, Lat.] Spenser. A step. Wicliffe. See Greeze. To GREE*, are. v. n. [greer, old Fr.] To agree. Mirror for Magistrates. GREECE, greese. n.s. A flight of steps. Bacon. GREED*, greed, n.s. Greediness. Graham. GRE'EDIL Y, gree-de-le. ad. Eagerly ; ravenously ; voraciously. Prov. xxi. With vehemence; with desire. Bale. GREEDINESS, gree'-de-nks. n.s. Ravenousness; voracity 5 hunger 3 eagerness of appetite or desire. Ecclus. xxiii. GRE'EDY$, gree'-de. a. [tfpaebiS, , Sax.] Raven- ous; voracious; hungry. Psalm xv'u. Eager; ve- hemently desirous. Fairfax. GREEDY-GUT*, gree'-de-gfit. n. s. A glutton ; a devourer ; a belly-god. Cotgrave. GREEK §*, greek, n. s. [Grcecus, Lat.] A native of Greece. Gal. ii. The Greek language. Acts, xxi. A term applied to a merry person. Sliakspeare. GREEK*, greek, a. Belonging to Greece. Revel, ix. GRE'EKISH* greekMsh. a. Peculiar to Greece. Milton. GRE'EKLING* greekMlng. n.s. An inferiour Greek writer. B. Jonson. GREEKRO'SE*, greek-r6ze. n.s. The flower cam- pion. Tate. GREEIH greki. a. [^nene, Sax.] Having a colour formed commonly by compounding blue and yellow. Bacon. Pale ; sickly. Shale. Flourishing; fresh ; undecayed. Dryden. New ; fresh : as, a freen wound. Sliak. Not dry. Hooker. Not roasted; alf raw. Watts. Unripe ; immature ; young. Shak. GREEN, green, n. s. The green colour. Newton. A grassy plain. Sliak. Leaves; branches; wreaths. Dryden. To GREEN, green, v. a. To make green. Thomson. GRE'ENBROOM, greeiv-br66m. n.s. A shrub. Miller. GRE'ENCLOTH, green'-klctf/i. n.s. A board or court of justice held in the counting-house of the king's household, for taking cognizance of all mat- ters of government and justice within the king's court-royal. Bacon. GRE'ENCOLOURED*, green'-kul-l&rd. a. Pale ; sickly. Towneur. GRE ENEYED, green'-lde. 283. a. Having eyes coloured with green. Sliakspeare. GREENFINCH, green'-finsh. n.s. A kind of bird. Mortimer. GRE'ENFISH, green'-fish. n. s. A kind of fish. Ainsworth. GREENGA'GE.green-gaje'. n.s. A species of plum. GREENGROCER*, gi^en'-gni-sur^.s. [green and grocer.'] A retailer of greens. GRE'ENHOOD*, green'-hud. n, s. [green and hood.] A state of immaturity ; childishness. Chaucer. GREENHORN* green'-horn. n. s. A raw youth, easily imposed upon. GREENHOUSE, green'-h6use. n. s. A house in which tender plants are sheltered from the weather. Evelyn. GREENISH, green'-fsh. a. Somewhat green ; tend- ing to green. Newton. GREENLY*, green'-le. a. Of a green colour. Gas- coigne. GREENLY, green' -le. ad. With a greenish colour. Newly; freshly. Immaturely. Slwik. Wanly; timidly. Sliakspeare. GREENNESS, green'-nik n. s. The quality of be- ing green; viridity. Sidnetj. Immaturity; unripe- ness. Sidney. Freshness ; vigour. South. Newness. GREENROOM f, green'-room. n.s. A room near the stage, to which actors retire during the inter- vals of their parts in the play. GREENSICKNESS, green'-sfk-nSs. n. s. The dis- ease of maids, so called from the paleness which it produces. Arlmthnot. GREENSICKNESSED* green'-sfk-nest. a. Hav- ing a sickly taste. Bp. Rwndle. GREENSTALL*, green'-stall. n. s. A stall on which greens are exposed to sale. GREENSWARD, ) , , , * . $ n. s. [green GRE'ENSWORp; \ g^en'-sward. J and ^\ The turf on which grass grows. Sliakspeare. Swift. GREEN WEED, green'-weed. n.s. Dyers' weed. GREENWOOD, gre6n'-wud. n. s. A wood consi > ered as it appears in the spring or summer. Fairfax. GREES*. n. s. A stair. See Gree and Greeze. Keepe. To GREET §, greet, v. a. [£petan, Sax.] To ad- dress at meeting. 1 Sa?a. xxv. To address in whatever manner. Shale. To salute in kindness or respect. 1 Cor. xvi. To congratulate. Sjjenser. To pay compliments at a distance. Shak. To meet, as those do who go to pay congratulations. Shak To GREET, greet, v.n. To meet and salute. Pope. To GREET*, greet, v. n. To weep ; to lament. See To Greit. GREETER, greet'-ur. n. s. He who greets. GRE'ETING, gr^et'-mg. n. s. [^petm^. Sax] Salutation at a meeting ; compliments at a distance. Siiakspeare. GREEZE, greeze. n. s. A flight of steps ; a step. See Gree, Grees, Greece, Grice, and Grise. GRE FFIER*, gref -feer. n. s. [grefuer, Fr.] A re- corder ; a registrar. Bp. Hall. GRE'GAL, gre'-gal. a. [grex, gregis, Lat.] Be- longing to a flock. Did. GREGA'RIAN*, gre-ga'-re-an. a. Of the common sort ; ordinary. Howell. GREG A'RIOUS $, gre-ga'-re-us. a. [gregarius^zX.] Going- in flecks or herds. Ray. GREGARIOUSLY*, gre-ga'-re-us-le. ad. In a flock, or company. GREGAEIOUSNESS*, gre-ga'-re-us-nes. n. s. The state of being in herds or companies. GREGORIAN*, gre-g6'-re-an. a. Belonging to the style or method ot computation, instituted by pope Greg-orv in 1582 ; as, the Gregorian calendar. To GREIT*, greet, v.n. [grietan, Goth.] To cry; to lament. Spenser. To GREITH*, greetf/i. v. a. To prepare. See To Graith. GRE'MIAL, gre'-me-al. a. [gremium, Lat.] Per taining to the lap. Diet. GRENAEE^, gre-nade'. n. s. [Fr. from pomum granatum, Lat.] A little hollow globe or ball of iron, about two inches in diameter, which being filled with fine powder, and set on fire, the case flies into shatters, to the damage of all that stand near. Harris. GRENADPER, gren-a-d£er'. 275. [gren-a-deer', Pei-ry and Jones : gran-a-deer', Slier idan.] n. s. [Fr.] A tall foot-soldier, of whom there is one company in every regiment. Gay. GRENA'DO, gre-na'-do. 77. [See Lumbago.] n. s. See Grenade. GREUT, groot. n. s. A kind of fossil body. Grew. GREW, grit. The preterit of groio. Dryden. GREY, gra. a. [grin, Fr.] Gray. Shak. More properlv gray. See Gray. GRE'YHOUND, gra'-h6und. n. s. [£pi$hunb, Sax.] A tall, fleet dog, that chases in sight. Sidney. GRICE, grlse. n. s. A little pig. [grys, Su. Goth.] A step or grees. Shak. See Grees and Greeze. To GRIDE, gride, v. n. [gridare, Ital.l To cut; to make way by cutting. Spenser. Ob. J. GRFDELIN, grld'-e-l?n. a. [gris de Zm. Fr.] Of a purplish colour. Dryden. GRPDIRON, grfd'-l-urn. n. s. [graedda, Su. Goth.] A portable grate on which meat is laid to be broil- ed upon the fire. Spectator. GRIEFS, greef. 275. n. s. [grief, Fr.] Sorrow; trouble for something past. South. Grievance; harm. Sliakspeare. ram ; disease. Sliakspeare. GRIEEFUL* greef -ffil. a. Full of sorrow or grief. Sackville. Ob. T. GRIEELESS*, greef -les. a. Sorrowless ; without frief. Huloet. IEFSHO'T*, greef -shot. a. Pierced with grief. Sliakspeare. GRIE'VABLE^greev'-a-bl. a. Lamentable. Gower. GRIE 7 VANCE, gree'-vanse. 560. n. s. [grevanc* 439 GRI GRI (D 3 559.- -Fate, far, fall, fat;- — me, met;- -plne pin 3— old Fr.] A slate of uneasiness. Sliakspeare. The cause of uneasiness. Swift. To GRIEVE §, gieev. v. a. [grever, Fr.] To afflict ; to hurt. Luke, iii. To male sorrowful. Perkins. To lament. Reresby. To GRIEVE, greev. v. n. To be in pain for some- thing- past; to mourn j to sorrow, as for the death of friends. Milton. GRIE'VER*, greev'-fir. n.s. That which causes grief. Hammond. GRIE'VINGLY, greev'-lng-le. ad. In sorrow; sor- rowfully. Sliakspeare. GRIE'VOUSS, greev'-ns. a. [gravis, Lat.] Afflic- tive ; painful ; hard to be borne. Hooker. Such as causes sorrow. Watts. Expressing a great degree of uneasiness. Clarendon. Atrocious; heavy. Shak. Sometimes used adverbially in low lan- guage. Shakspeare. GRIE'VOUSLY, greev'-fis-le. ad. Painfully; with pain. Spe?iser. With discontent; with ill will. Knolles. Calamitously ; miserably. Hooker. Vexa- tiously. Ray. GRIE'VOUSNESS, greev'-fis-nes. n.s. Sorrow; pain ; calamity. Isaiah, xxi. Atrociousness. Burton. GRIFFIN, l^ar^ 5«.s. [gryphus, Lat.] A GRl'FFON, \ g I fabled animal, said to be generated between the lien and eagle, and to have the head and paws of the lion, and the wings of die eagle. Peacham. GRI FFONLIKE*, grlf'-fln-llke. a. Resembling a griffon. Milton. GRIG, grig. n.s. {kricke, Bavarian.] Originally any thing below the natural size. A small eel, Walton. A merry creature. Swift. Health. Grose. To GRILL, grll. v. a. [griller, Fr.] To broil on a frate or gridiron. ILL*, grll. a. [gryl, horridus.] Causing to shake through cold. Chaucer. Ob. T. GRI LLADE, grll-lade'. n. s. Any thing broiled on the gridiron. To GRFLLY, grll'-le. v. a. To harass ; to hurt. Hudibras. GR1M§, grim. a. [Spim, Sax.] Having a counte- nance of terrour; horrible; hideous; frightful. Spenser. Ugly; ill-looking. Chapman. GRIM-FACED*, grim'-faste. a. Having a stern countenance. Mirror for Magistrates. GRIM-GRINNING*, grlm'-grln'-nlng. a. Grinning horribly. Shakspeare. GRIM-V1SAGED*, grlm'-vlz'-ldjd. a. Grimfaced. Mirror for Magistrates. GRIMA'CE, gre-mase'. n. s. [Fr.] A distortion of the countenance from habit, affectation, or inso- lence. South. Air of affectation. Granville. GRIMA'LKIN, grlm-mal'-kln. n. s. [gris, Fr. and malkin, or little Moll.] Gray little woman ; the name of an old cat. Philips. To GRIMF §, grime. v. a. [gi^yma, Icel.l To dirt ; to sully deeply; to daub with filth. Sliakspeare. GRIME, grime, n. s. Dirt deeply insinuated. Shak. GRIMLY*, grW-le. a. Having a frightful or hide- ous look. Beaumont and Fletcher. GRIMLY, grlm'-le. ad. [5p.imlice, Sax.] Horri- bly ; hideously. SImk. Sourly ; sullenly. Shak. GRFMNESS, grlm'-nes. n.s. Horrour; frighlfulness of visage. Bp. King. GRFMY*, grl'-me. a. Dirty ; cloudy. More. To GRIN§, grin. v.n. [^penman, Sax.] To set the teeth together and withdraw the lips. Stilling- feet. To fix the teeth as in anguish. Shakspeare. GRIN, grin. n.s. The act of closing the teeth and showing them. Dryden. GRIN, grin. n.s. [g'p.yn, Sax.] A snare; a trap. Job, xviii. To GRIND §, grind, v. a. preter. I ground; part, pass, ground. [£riinban, Sax.] To reduce any thing to powder by friction ; to comminute by at- trition. St. Matt. xxi. To comminute by the teeth or grinders. Dryden. To sharpen or smooth by rubbing on something hard. Herbert. To rub one against another. Spenser. To harass ; to oppress. To GRIND, grind, v.n. To perform the act of grind ing. Milton. To be moved as in the act of grind ing. Rowe. GRFNDER, grlnd'-fir. 98. n.s. One that grinds Smith. The instrument of grinding. Sandys. The back teeth ; the double teeth. Bacon. The teeth, in ironv or contempt. Dryden. GRFNDLESTONE, grln'-dl-st6ne. ) n.s. The stone GRFNDSTONE, grlnd'-st6ne. £ on which edged instruments are sharpened. B. Jonson. GRINNER, grln'-nur. 98. n. s. He that grins. Ad- dison. GRFNNINGLY, grln'-nlng-le. ad. With a grinning laugh. GRIP §, grip. n. s. [Sjisep, Sax.] A little ditch, or trench. Ray. To GRIP*, grip. v. a. To cut into ditches ; to drain. GRIP*, grip. )n.s. [gryps, Lat.] The fabulous GRIPE*, gripe. ) animal called the griffon. Shak. To GRIPE §, gripe, v. a. [greipan, M. Goth.l To hold with the fingers closed. Shak. To hold hard. Dryden.. [gripper, Fr.] To catch eagerly; to seize. Shak. To close; to clutch. Pope. To pinch; to press ; to squeeze. Spenser. To give a pain in the bowels. Dryden. To afflict. Mir. for Mag. To GRIPE, gripe, v. n. To feel the colick. Locke. To pinch ; to catch at money meanly. Fell. When a ship runs her head too much into the wind, she is said to gripe. GRIPE, gripe, n. s. Grasp ; hold ; seizure of the hand or paw. Spenser. Squeeze ; pressure. Dry- den. Oppression; crushing power. Shak. Af- fliction ; pinching distress. Milton. [In the plural.] Belly-ache ; colick. Floyer. The compass or sharp- ness of the prow or stem of a ship under water. Gripes is the name of a machine formed by an as- semblage of ropes, «fec. used to secure the boats upon the deck of a ship at sea. Chambers. GRIPER, grl'-pur. 98. n. s. Oppressor; usurer; extortioner. Burton. GRFPLNG*, grl'-plng. n.s. Pain arising from colick, Swift. Distress ; affliction. Killingbeck. GRFPINGLY, grl'-plng-le. ad. With pain in the fiits. Bacon. FPPLE §*, grlp'-pl. a. [from gripe.'] Greedy ; cov- etous ; unfeeling ; oppressive. Spenser. Grasping fast; tenacious. Spenser. GRFPPLENESS*, grlp'-pl-nes. n. s. Covetousness. Bp. Hall. GRIS §*, grls. n. s. [gris.Tr.] A kind of fur. Chaucer GRIS-AMBER,grls / 4m-b&r.tt.s. Ambergrise. Milt. GRISE, grlse. n.s. A swine. A step, or scale o» steps. Shakspeare. See Grice and Greeze. GRISE'TTE*, gre-zeV. n.s. [Fr.] The wife or daughter of a tradesman. Sterne. GRFSKIN, grls'-kln. n.s. [gris, grise, or grice, a swine.] The vertebra? of a hog. GRFSLED* See Grizzled. GRI SLY $, grlz'-le. a. [Spi^ic, Sax.] Dreadful; horrible ; hideous ; frightful. Spenser. GRFSONS*, grls'-finz. n.s. Inhabitants of the moun tainous parts of the Alps in Italy. Addison. GRIST, grist, n. s. [Sp.irfc, Sax.J Corn to be ground. Tusser. Supply; provision. Swift. - Grist to mill, is profit ; gain. Ayliffe. GRFSTLE §, grls'-sl. 472. n. s. [Sjii r fcle ; Sax.] A cartilage. Bacon. GRFSTLY, grls'-sle. a. Cartilaginous; made of gristle. Haniey. GRIT§, grit. n. s. The coarse part of meal. [Spifc- fca,Sax.] Oats husked, or coarsely ground. Sand; rough, hard particles, [grit, Welsh.] Grew. Grits are fossils found in minute masses, forming together a kind of powder; the several particles of which are of no determinate shape, but seem the rudely broken fragments of larger masses ; not to be dis- solved by water, but retaining their figure, and not cohering into a mass. Hill. GRITH*,grM. n.s. [Sp.10 1 , Sax.] Agreement ; union. Tlie Plowman's Tale. Ob. T. GRFTT1NESS, grlt'-te-nes. n. s. Sandiness ; th« quality of abounding in grit. Mortimer. GIIO GRO — u6, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pduud ; — tlun, THis. GRITTY, grit'-ie. a. Full of hard particles ; con- sisting of grit. Newton. GRI / ZELIN,gr?z'-zl-lia. See Gridelin. Temple. GRIZZLE §, grlz'-zl. 405. n. s. [grisaille, Fr.] A mixture of white and black ; gray. Shakspeare. GRFZZLED, griz'-zl'd. 359. a. Interspersed with gray. Zech. vi. GRFZZLY, grlz'-zle. a. Somewhat gray. Bacon. To GROAN §, grdne. 295. v. n. [jpainan. Sax.] To breathe with a hoarse noise, as in pain or ago- ny. Job, xxiv. GROAN, grdne. n. s. Breath expired with noise and difficulty. Sliak. Any hoarse, dead sound. Sliak. GRO'ANFUL, grdne'-ffiJ. a. Sad} agonizing. Spen- ser, Ob. J. GROANING*. gr6ne'-mg. n. s. Lamentation ; com- plaint on account of agon}' or pain. Psalm cii. [In hunting.] The cry or noise of a buck. Cliambers. GROAT §, grawt. 295. n.s. [groot, Dutch] A piece valued at four pence. Fuike. A proverbial name for a small sum. Sluikspeare. GROATS, grawts. n. 5. [gpitta, Sjiufc, Sax.] Oats that have the hulls taken off. GRO'ATSWORTH*, grawts'-wurt/i. n. s. The value of a groat. Slwwood. GROCER^, gro'-s&r. 98. n.s. [from gross, a large quantity.] a man who buys and sells tea, sugar, and plums and spices. Watts. $C?" Mr. Nares observes, that this word ought to be writ- ten grossir, as originally being one who dealt by the gross or wholesale. There is not, however, he observes, much chance that grocer will give place to grosser ; especially, as they no longer engross merchandise of all kinds, nor insist upon dealing in the gross alone. The other derivation of this word, from gros&iis, a fig, is not worth notice. W. GRO'CERY, gr6'-sur-e. n.s. Grocers' ware, such as tea, sugar, raisins, spice. Cl/irendon. GROG §*, grog. n. s. [in the language of seamen.] Gin and water, or any spirit and water. Cook. GRO'GGY*, grog'-ge. a. Rather overflown with grog. GRO^GERAM,) Cn. s. [gros, grain, GRO'GRAM, S-grog'-rum.^ Fr.] Stuff woven GRO GRAN, ) C with a large woof and a rough pile. Donne. GROIN §, grom. n. s. [grein. Goth, and Icel.] The part next above the thigh. Cliapman. GROIN*, groin, n. s. [groin de porceau, Fr.] The nose or snout of a swine. Chaucer. To GROIN*, gr6tn. v. n. See To Groan. To grumble ; to growl ; to grunt. Chaucer. GRO'MWELL, grom'-wSl. n. s. Gromiil or gray- mi.'l. A plant. Miller. GROOM §, groom, n.s. [ grom, Teut.] A boy: a waiter; a servant. Spenser. A young man. Fair- fax. A man newly married. Dryden. To GROOVES, grSov. v. a. [gjiapan, Sax.] To cut hollow. Swift. GROOVE, groOv. n. s. A deep cavern, or hollow in mines. Boyle. A channel or hollow, cut with a tool. Moxon. GROOVER*, gr55v'-fir. n. s. A miner. Grose. To GROPE $, grope, v. n. [^apian, Sax.] To feel where one cannot see. Isaiah, lix. To GROPE, grope, v. a. To search by feeling in the dark. Gower. GRO' PER, gr6'-pur. n. s. One that searches in the dark. Sherwood. GROSS $, grose. 162. a. [gros, Fr. grosso, Ital.] Thick ; bulky. Sfuik. Shameful ; unseemly ; enor- mous. Hooker. Intellectually coarse ; palpable ; impure; unrefined. Shak. Inelegant; dispropor- tionate in bulk. Thomson. Dense ; not refined ; not pure. Bacon. Stupid; dull. Milton. Coarse; rough; not delicate. Wotton. Thick; fat ; bulky. Fell. Whole ; having no deduction or abatement; as, the gross sum. Large; aggregate. Milton. Heavy ; oppressive. Dryden. J^f* This word i; irregular from a vanity of xmitating the Fxenck In Scotland, they nronounce this word regu- larly, so as to rhyme with moss. Pope also rhymos it with this word. " Shall only man be taken in the gross ? " Grant but as many sorts of minds as moss." This, however, must be looked upon aa a poetical li- cense ; for the sound seems now irrevocably fixed as it is marked, rhyming with jocose, verbose, &c. TV. GROSS, gr6se. n.s. The main body; the main force. Addison. The bulk ; the whole not divided into its several parts. Hooker. Not individual ; but a body together. Sliak. The chief part; the main mass. Bacon. The number of twelve dozen [grosse, Fr.] Locke. GRG-SS-HEADED* grd-se'-hed'-eU a. Stupid; dull ; thick-sculled. Milton. GRO'SSLY, gr6se'-le. ad. Bulkily; in bulky parts; coarsely. Shelton. Without subtilty; without art; without delicacy ; coarselv; palpablv. Hooker. GRO'SSNESS, grdse'-ngs. n. s. Coarseness ; thick- ness ; density. Shak. Inelegant fatness ; unwieldy corpulence. Ascham. Want of refinement ; want of delicacy. Shalcspeare. GROT §, grot. n. s. [grotle, Fr. grotta, Ital.] A cave: a cavern for coolness and pleasure. Gregory. GROTE'SQUE, gro-teW. a. [Fr.] Distorted of fig- ure ; unnatural. Milton. GROTESQUE* grd-t£sk'. n. s. A wild design of a painter or enarraver. Wotton-. GROTESQUELY* grA-lSsk'-lA. ad. In a wild, fan- tastical manner. Holbein's Dance of Death. GRO'TTA* grot'-ta. n.s. [Ital.] A cavern for cool- ness or pleasure. Bacon. GRG'TTO, grot'-to. n. s. A cavern or cave made for coolness. Dryden. GROUND §, grdfind. 313. n. s. [tfjiunb, Sax.] The earth, considered as superficially extended. Exod. xiv. The earth, as distinguished from air or water. Jeremiah. Land ; country. Hudibras. Region ; territory. Milton. Estate ; possession. Dryden. Land occupied. Prior. The floor or level of the place. 2 Sam. ii. Depth; bottom. Lib. Fest. Dregs ; lees ; faeces. MoHimer. The first stratum of paint, upon which the figures are afterwards paint- ed. Hakewill. The fundamental substance; that by which the additional or accidental parts are sup- ported. Cowley. The plain song : the tune on which descants are raised. Shak. First hint ; first traces of an invention. Dryden. The first princi- ples of knowledge. Hammond. The fundamental cause. Sidney. The field or place of action. Dan- iel. The space occupied by an army as they fight ; advance, or retire. Sidney. The intervening space between the flyer and pursuer. Milton. The state in which one is with respect to opponents or com- petitors. Atferbury. State of progress or recession. Temple. The foil to set a thing off. Sliakspeare. Formerly the pit of a pla3 T -house. B. Jonson. To GROUND, grSund. v. a. To place or set in the ground. Spenser. To fix on the ground. Addison. To found, as upon cause or principle. Hooker. To settle in first principles or rudiments of knowledge. Eph. iii. GROUND, gr3&n innocently. GUFLTLESSNESS, g?lt'-les-nes. n.s. Innocence; freedom from crime. Sidney. GUFLTY^guY-te.a. [SyteiS,Sax.] Justly charge able with a crime ; wot innocent. Gen. xlii. Wick ed ; corrupt. Thomson. Conscious. B. Jonson. GUILTY-LIKE*, gil'-te-Hke. ad. Guiltily. Shak. GUFMPLE*. See Wimple. GUFNEA§, g?n'-ne. 341. n. s. [from Guinea, a coun try in Africa abounding with gold.] A gold coin valued at twenty-one shillings. Locke. GUFNEADROPPER, g?n'-ne-drop'-par. n. s. One who cheats by dropping guineas. Gay. GUFNEAHEN.gin'-ne-hen. n.s. A fowl, supposed to be of Guinea. GUFNEAPEPPER, gm'-ne-pep'-pfir. n. s. A plant. Miller. GUFNEAPIG, gln'-ne-pfg. m s. A small anima! with a pig's snout. GUFNIAD*. n. s. [gwyn, Welsh.] The fish called vjhiting. GUISE §, gylze. 160, 341. n. s. [guise, Fr.] Manner ; mien ; habit. Spenser. Practice ; custom ; proper- ty. Chapman. External appearance ; dress. Tem- ple. GUFSER*, gyl'-zur n.s. [from guise, dress.] Mum- pers, who go about at Christmas ; persons in dis- guise. JUITA'R, g?t-uV. 341. n.s. [ghitara, Ital.] A stringed instrument of musick. Prior. To GULCH §*, gfilsh. v. n. [gulsigh, Teut.] To swal- low voraciously. Turbervtlk. GULCH, gulsh. I n. s. A glutton. B. Jonson. GULCHIN, gul'-tshfn. \ The act of devouring. Echard. GULES, gulz. a. [gveule, Fr.] Red : a barbarous term of heraldry. Shakspeare. GULF§, gfilf. n. s. [golfo, Ital.] A bay ; an opening into land. Knolles. An abyss ; an unmeasurable depth. Spenser. A whirlpool ; a sucking eddy. Shakspeare. Any thing insatiable. Sliakspeare. GU'LFY, gol'-fe. a. Full of gulfs or whirlpools. Mir- ror for Magistrates. To GULL §, gfll. v. a. [guiller, old Fr.] To trick ; to cheat ; to defraud ; to deceive. Sliakspeare. GULL, gul. n.s. A cheat ; a fraud ; a trick. Shak A stupid animal ; one easily cheated. Milton. A sea-bird. Sliakspeare. GU'LLCATCHER, gul'-katsh-un n.s. A cheat; a man of trick. Shakspeare. GU'LLER, gul'-lfir. 98. n. s. A cheat ; an impostor Sherwood. GL T/ LLERY, gul'-lur-e. n. s. Cheat; imposture Burton. GU'LLE^gul'-lft. 99. n.s. [goulet,Fr.] The throat; the oesophagus. Denham. A small stream or lake Heylin. GULLIBILITY*, gfil-le-bil'-e-te. n.s. Credulity. GU / LLIGUT*,gai / -le-gut. n. s. [gulo, Lat.] A glut- ton. Barret. GU'LLISH*, gul'-tfsh. a. Foolish ; stupid ; absurd Burton. GU'LLISHNESS* gfil -lfsh-nes. n.s. Foolishness; stupidity. Tr. of Boccalini. To GU'LLYsS g&F-le. v.n. [corrupted from gurgle.'] To run with noise. GU'LLY*, gulMe. n. s. [goulet, Fr.] A sort of ditch. Hawkesworth. GU'LLYHOLE, gul'-le-hole. n.s. The hole where 444 GUS GYM — n6, move, nSr, n6t ; — tube, tab, bflll ; — oil 5 — pound ;— thin, rais. the gutters empty tliemselves in the subterraneous sewer. GULOSITY, gu-los'-e-te. n. & [gulosus, Lat.] Greediness; gluttony; voracity. Brown. To GULP§, gulp. v. a. [golpen, Dutch.] To swallow eagerly ; to suck down without intermission. Gay. GULP, gulp. n. s. As much as can be swallowed at once. More. GULPH*. See Gulf. GUM§, gum. n. s. [gummi, Lat.] A vegetable sub- stance differing from a resin, in being more yiscid, and generally dissolving in aqueous menstruums. Qnincy The fleshy covering that contains the teeth, [^oma, Sax.] Sliakspeare. To GUM. gum. v. a. To close with gum. Wiseman. To adorn with gums or essences. B. Jonson. GU'MMINESS, gfim'-me-ngs. n. s. The state of be- ing gummv ; accumulation of gum. Wiseman. GUMMO'SlTY.gum-mos'-se-te. n.s. The nature of gum ; gumminess. Floyer. GU'MMOUS, gfim'-mfis. 314. a. Of the nature of gum. Woodward. Gu'MMY, gflm'-me. a. Consisting of gum ; of the nature of gum. Raleigh. Productive of gum. Mil- ton. Overgrown with gum. Dry den. GUMPTION*, gfimp'-shan. n.s. [guman, Sax.] Understanding; skill. Pegge. GUN§, gun. n.s. [gyn, an engine.] The general name for fire-arms ; the instrument from which shot is discharged by fire. Sliakspeare. To GUN*, gun. «. n. To perform the act of shooting with a gun. Beaumont and Fletclier. GUNARCHY*. SeeGYNAKCHY. GU'NNEL, gfin'-nfl. 99. n. s. See Gunwale. GUNNER, gfin'-nfir. 98. n. s. Cannoneer ; he whose employment is to manage the artillery in a ship. Shak. One who shoots. Beaumont and Flo 'che r . GU'NNERY, gfin'-nfir-e. n.s. The science of artille- ry ; the art of managing cannon. GUNO'CRACY* See Gyn^eocracy. GUNPOWDER, gun'-pdu-dur. n. s. The powder Eut into guns to be fired. Brown. 'NROOM*, gfin'-rSSm. n.s. The place, on board a ship, where arms are deposited. GU'NSHOT, gfin'-shot. n. s. The reach or range of a gun ; the space to which a shot can be thrown. Dryden. GU'NSHOT, gfin'-sh&t. a. Made by the shot of a gun. Wiseman. GU'NSMITH, gftn'-smfr/i. n. s. A man whose trade is to make guns. Mortimer. GU'NSTICK, gfin'-stlk. n. s. The rammer, or stick with which the charge is driven into a gun. Stuart. GU'NSTOCK, g&n'-stok. n. s. The wood to which the barrel of the gun is fixed. Mortimer. GU'NSTONE, gfin'-st6ne. n. s. The shot of cannon. Sliakspeare. GUNWALE, or GU'NNEL of a Ship, gfin'-nn. n. s. That piece of timber which reaches on either side of the ship from the half-deck to the forecastle : I this is called the gunwale, whether there be guns in the ship or not : and the lower part of any port, where any ordnance are, is also termed the gun- wale. Harris. GURGE§, gurje. n.s. [gurges, Lat.] Whirlpool; gulf. Milton. To GURGE*, gurje. v. a. To swallow up. Mirror for Magistrates. Ob. T. GU'RGION, gfir'-jfin. 259. n. s. The coarser part of the meal, sifted from the bran. Holingshed. See Grudgeons. To GURGLE, gfir'-gl. 405. y.n. [gorgogliare, Italian.] To fail or gush with noise, as water from a bottle. Pope. GU'RKIN*, gfir'-kfn. n. s. A small cucumber for Sickling. See Gherkin. 'RNARD, ) • > , ? . ) 99. n. s. [gournauld. Fr.] GU'RNET, \ S° r " nIt ' \ A kind of sea-fish. 'Shak. To GUSH§, gush. v. n. [giessen, German.] To flow or rush out with violence ; not to spring in a small stream, out in a large body. Spenser. To emit in a copious effluxion. Dryden. GUSH, g&sh. n. s. An emission of liquor in a large quantity at once ; the liquor so emitted. Harvey. GUSSET, gfts'-sit. 99. n. s. [gousset, Fr.] An angu- lar piece of cloth sewn at the upper end of the sleeve of a shirt or shift. GUST§, gfist. n.s. [guslus, Lat.] Sense of tasting. Scott. Height of perception ; height of sensual en- joyment. Milton. Love ; liking. Tillotson. Tuna of fancy; intellectual taste. Dryden. [gustr, Goth.] A sudden, violent blast of wind. Sliakspeare. To GUST*, gust. v. a. [gusto, Lat.] To taste; to have a relish of. Sliakspeare. GU'STABLE, gfis'-ta-bl. 405. a. To be tasted. Har- vey. Pleasant to the taste. Derham. GU'STABLE*, gfis'-ta-bl. n. s. Any thing that may be tasted ; an eatable. More. GUSTA'TION, gfis-ta'-shfin. n. s. The act of tasting Brown. GU'STFUL, gust'-ffil.a. Tasteful ; well-tasted. How- ell. GU'STFULNESS*, gfist'-ffil-nes. n. s. The relist- of an}' thing. Barrow. GU'STLESS* gfist'-les. a. Tasteless; insipid. Sir T. Brown. GUSTO, gfis'-to. n.s. [Ital.] The relish of any thing ; the power by which any thing excites sen- sations in the palate. Derham. Intellectual taste ; liking. Dryden. GU'STY,gfis'-te. a. Stormy; tempestuous. Shak. GUT §, g&t. n. s. [lacfleln, Germ.] The long pipe reaching, with many convolutions, from the stomach to the vent. Bacon. The stomach ; the receptacle of food. Hudibras. Gluttony; love of gormandiz- ing - . Hakewill. A passage. Maundrell. To GUT, gut. v. a. To eviscerate ; to draw ; to ex- enterate. Careio. To plunder of contents. Dry- den. GU TTA SERE'NA*,gbt'-ta-sh-rV-nk. n.s. [Lat.] A disease of the eye. Sir T. Herbert. GUTTATED, gfit'-la-ted. a. [gntta, Lat.] Besprink- led with drops"; bedropped. Diet. GU'TTER$,gfit'-tur. 98. n.s. [gouttiere, Fr.] A passage for water. Addison. A small longitudinal hollow. To GU'TTER, gfit'-tfir. v. a. To cut in small hol- lows. Sliakspeare. To GU'TTER*, gfit'-tur. v. n. To fall in drops ; to run as a candle. Scott. ToGU'TTLE^, gfit'-tl. 405. y.n. [from gut.] To feed luxuriously ; to gormandize. Dryden. To GU'TTLE. gut'-tl. ». a. To swallow. L' Estrange. GU'TTLER, gut'-tl-ur. 98. n.s. A greedy eater. GUTTULOUS,g5t'-tshu-lfis. 463. a. [guitula, Lat.] In the form of a small drop. Brown. GUTTURAL §, gfit'-tshu-ral. 463. a. [pdturalis, Lat.J Pronounced in the throat ; belonging to the throat. Bacon. GU'TTURALNESS, gfit'-tshu-ral-nes. n.s. The quality of being guttural. Diet. GUT WORT, gut'-wfirt. n. s. An herb. GUY, gl. n. s. [from guide.'] A rope used to lift any thing into the ship. Skinner. To GU'ZZLE §, g&z'-zl. 405. v. n. [gozzavigliare, Ital.] To gormandize; to swallow any liquor greed ilv. Roscommon. To "GU'ZZLE, gfiz'-zl. v. a. To swallow with hn moderate gust. Dryden. GU'ZZLE*, gfiz'-zl. n.s. An insatiable thing or per son. Marston. GUZZLER, gfiz'-zl-fir. 98. n. s. A gormandizer ; an immoderate eater or drinker. GYBE, jibe. n. s. [See Gibe.] A sneer; a taunt; a sarcasm. Sliakspeare. To GYBE, jibe. v. n. To sneer ; to taunt. Spenser. To G YE*, gl. v.a. To guide. Chaucer. See To GlE. GY3fNA>SIUM*, jlm-na'-zhe-fim. n. s. [Latin ; yvfivdcnov, Gr.] Formerly, a place for athletick exer- cises, in which such as practised them were nearly naked; any place of exercise ; a school. Grew. GYMNA'STICALLY, j?m-nas'-te-kal-e. ad. Athle* ically ; fitly for strong exercise. Brown 445 GYN GYV (D* 559.— File, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pTn ;- GYMNA'STICKJlm-nas'-tfk.a. [yviivaanKb;.] Per- taining to athletick exercises. Grew. ffCr' In this word and its relatives we not unfrequently hear the g hard, as in gimlet, for this learned reason, because they are derived from the Greek. For the very same reason we ought to pronounce the g in Qenesis, feography, geometry, and a thousand other words, ard, which would essentially alter the sound of our language. Mr. Sheridan ha.3 very properly given the soft g to these words ; and Mr. Nares is of the same opinion with respect to the propriety of this pronuncia- tion, but doubts of the usage ; there can be no doubt, however, of the absurdity of this usage, and of the ne- cessity of curbing it as much as possible. — See Princi- ples, No. 350. W. GYMNA'STICK* jim-nas'-tik. n.s. Athletick exer- cise. Arbvihnot. A teacher of the wrestling sci- ence, ^.ockeram. GY'MNFCAL^jW-ne-kal. a. [ yu/ m>o>?.] Pertaining to athletick exercises. Potter. GY'MNICK, jlm'-nik. a. Such as practise the athlet- ick or gymnastick exercises. Milton. GY'MNICK^jim'-nlk. n.s. Athletick exercise. Bur- ton. GYMNO'SOPHIST*, j?m-n6s'-6-f 1st. n. s. [yvavo- voicTal.] One of a sect of Indian philosophers. Bur- ton. GYMNOSPE'RMOUSjm-no-sper'-mus. a. [yvpvos and anip/jia.] Having the seeds naked. To GYN*, g?n. v. n. To begin. Wicliffe. G DINARCHY*. j?n'-ar-ke. n. s. [ywf, and Aptf.] Female government. Ld. Chesterfield. GYN^E'CIAN* je-ne'-shan. a. [ywaitis, genitive of yuvjjj Relating to women. Ferrand. GYNJeO'CRACY* jl-ne-ok'-ra-se. n.s. [yvvtj and a. Relating to gypsum ; belonging to lime or [yv\j,os.~\ The name of a Kparoq.'] Government over which a woman may preside. Selden. GYNECG'CRACY,jl-ne-k6k'-ra-se.«. s. [yuvaiKOK- paria.'] Petticoat government ; female power. GYPS*!* jlps. n.s. [gypse, Fr.] A kind of stone. Pococke. GYBSEOUS*, jip'-se-fis. GYBS1NE*, jiry-sfo. plaster. Chambers. G Y'PS UM*, jip'-sum. n. i a class of fossils; the pi aster stone 5 white lime kind of plaster. Chambers. GYBSY*. See Gipsy. GYRATION, jl-ra'-shfin. n.s. [gyro, Lat.] The act of turning any thing about. Newton. GYRE §, jlre. n. s. [gyrus, Lat.] A circle described by any thing moving in an orbit. Spenser. To GYRE*, jlre. v. a. To turn round. Bp. Hall. GYBED, jl'-r^d. a. Falling in rings. Jolvnson. GYRFABGON*. See Gerfalcon. GYBOMANCY^jh-'-i-man-se. n.s. [vvpos and pev- Te(a.~] A sort of divination, performed by walking in or round a circle. GYVE §, jive. n.s. [ge.vn.jn, Welsh.] A fetter; a chain for the legs. Slmkspeare. #Cr- Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott make the or in this word hard ; but Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr Perry, with more propriety, make it soft, as 1 have marked it. Mr. Nares makes the sound doubtful ; but this majority of authorities, and agreeableness to analogy, have re- moved my doubts, and made me alter my former opin- ion. W. To GYVE, jive. v. a. To fetter; to shackle. Sfiak- speare. HAB HAB His, in English, as in other languages, a note of aspiration, sounded only by a strong emission of the breath, without any conformation of the or- gans of speech, and is therefore, by many gramma- rians, accounted no letter. The h in English is scarcely ever mute at the beginning of a word, as house. ' The strong emission of the breath is usually withheld from heir, herb, hostler, honest, honour, hu- mour ; and perhaps from hospital and hour ; and by some from humble. 394. HA, ha. interject. [Lat.] An expression of wonder, surprise, sudden question, or sudden exertion. Shakspeare. An expression of laughter. Job,xxx\x. HA*, ha. n.s. An expression of wonder, surprise, doubt, or hesitation. Shakspeare. To HA*, ha. v. n. To express surprise ; to hesitate. HAAK, hake. n. s. A fish. See Hake. HA' BEAU CORPUS,h&'-bk-ks-kbv'-pbs. [Lat.] A writ, which a man, indicted of some trespass, being laid in prison for the same, may have out of the King's Bench, thereby to remove himself thither at his own costs. Cowel. HA'BERDASHER^, hab'-ur-dash-fir. n.s. [from berdash, a kind of neck-dress, the maker of which was called a berdasher ; and thence came Iwber- dashers.] One who sells small, wares; a pedler. Bacon.. HABERDASHERY*, hab'-ftr-dash-fir-e. n. s. Ar- ticles made or sold by haberdashers. Burke. HABERDINE,hab-ur-deen'. n. s. [Imbordean, Fr.] A dried salt cod. Ainsworth. HABERGEON, hab-ber'-je-on. n. s. [haltz, or hals, and bergen, Teut.] Armour to cover the neck and breast. Exod. xxviii. ^j= This word is analogically accented on the second syl- lable: but Johnson, in all the editions of his Dictionary, has the accent on the first, though his authorities are against hira. W. HABFLIMENT, lm-b!l'-e-ment. n. s. [Jiabilement, Fr.J Dress , clothes ; garment. Spenser. To HABFLITATE§, ha-bll'-e-tate. v. a. [habilUer, Fr.] To qualify; to entitle. HABFLITATE , ha-b'il'-e-tate. a. Qualified; en titled. Bacon. HABILITA'TION, ha-bn-e-ta'-shun. n. s. Qualifica tion. Bacon. HABFL1TY, ha-b?l'-e-te. n.s. Faculty; power; means : now ability. Spenser. HABIT §, hab'-It. n. s. [habitus, Lat.] State of any thing : as, Jiabit of body. Dress ; accoutrement. Slmk. Habit is a power in man of doing any thing, when it has been acquired by frequently doing the same thing. Locke. Custom ; inveterate use. South. To HABIT, haV-lt. v. a. To dress ; to accoutre ; to array. Shakspeare. To HABIT*, hab'-it. v. a. [habito, Lat.] To inhabit ; to dwell in. Chaucer. Ob. T. HABITABLE §, hab'-e-ta-bl. a. Capable of being dwelt in. Bacon. HABITABLENESS, hab'-e-ta-bl-nes. n. s. Capaci ty of being dwelt in. More. HABITACLE*, hab'-lt-a-kl. n. s. [hahitaculum, Lat.] A dwelling. Bale. An old word. HABIT ANCE, hab'-e-tanse. n.s. Dwelling; abode. HABITANT, hab'-e-tant. n. s. Dweller ; inhabitant. Milton. HABITATION, hab-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. The state of a place receiving dwellers. Milton. Act of inhabit ing; state of dwelling. Denham. Place of abode ; dwelling. Hooker. HA' BIT AT OR, hab'-e-ta-tur. n. s. [Lat.] Dweller; inhabitant. Brown. HABITED*, hab'-lt-gd. a. Accustomed; usual. Fuller. HABITUAL, ha-bftsh'-u-al. 461. a. Customary; accustomed ; inveterate. Milton. HABFTUALLY, ha-bltsh'-u-al-e. ad. Customarily bv habit. Atterbury. 7VHABFTUATE, ha-bush'-u-ate. v. a. [habituer Fr.] To accustom ; to use one's self by frequent repetition. Tillotson. HABFTUATE*, ha-bltsh'-A-ate. a. Inveterate ; ob- stinate. Hammond. 446 HAG HAK -116, mOve, nSr, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — p6und ; — thin, this. HA'BITUDE, hab'-e-tude. n.s. [habitudo, Lat.] Re- lation; respect; state with regard to something else. Brown. Familiarity; converse ; frequent in- tercourse. Dryden. Long custom ; habit. Dryden. The power of doing any thing acquired by fre- quent repetition. Dryden. HABLE*, aa'-bl. a. [habilis, Lat.] Fit; proper. Spenser. See Able. HA'BNAB, hab'-nab. ad. [hap ne liap.] At random ; at the mercy of chance. Lilly. To HACKS, 'hak. "• «• [haccan, Sax.] To cut into small pieces ; to chop. Sidney. To speak unread- ily, or with hesitation. Shakspeare. HACK*, hak. n.s. A notch; a hollow cut. Sliak- speare. HACK §*, hak. n. s. \Jwque, old Fr.] A horse let out for hire. Moore. Hesitating or faltering speech. More. HACK*, hak. a. Hired. Wakefield. To HACK, hak. v. n. To hacknej' ; to turn hack- ney or prostitute. Hanmar. To HA'CKLES, hak'-kl. 405. v. a. [Jiekelen, Teut.] To dress flax. To separate; to tear asunder. Burke. HA'CKLE*, hak'-kl. n. s. A comb for dressing flax. Skelton. HA'CKLE, hak'-kl. n. s. A fly for angling, dressed sometimes with ihe feathers of a cock, and some- times with silk. Walton. HA'CKNEY§, hak'-ne. n. s. [Jutcnai, Welsh.] A pacing horse; a pad; a nag. Chaucer. A hired, horse. Bacon. A hireling; a prostitute. Burnet. Any thing let out for hire. HA'CKNEY*, hak'-ne. a. Worn out, like a hired horse. Beaumont and Fletcher. Prostitute; vicious for hire. Roscommon. Much used; common; let out for hire. Milton. HACKNEY-COACHMAN*, hak'-ne-kitsh'-man. n. s. The driver of a hired or hackney coach. Guardian. HACKNEY-MAN*, hak'-ne-man. n. s. One who lets horses to hire. Barret. To HA'CKNEY, hak'-ne. v. a. To practise in one tiling; to accustom, as to the road. SIw/c. To carry in a hackney coach. Cowper. HA'CQUETON, hak'-kwe-ton. n.s. [haqueton, or hoqueton, Fr.] A stuffed jacket, formerly worn under armour, sometimes made of leather. Spen- ser. HA'CKSTER*, lmk'-stur. n. s. [from hack.-] A bul- ly , a ruffian ; an assassin. Bp. Hall. HAD §, had. The preterit and part. pass. oHuive. HAD-I-WIST* had-i-wfst'. A proverbial expres- sion, Oh that I had known. Gower. HA'DDER*, had'-d&r. ». s. [heide, Germ.] Heath ; lin?. Burton. HA'DDOCK, had'-d5k. 166. n. s. [hadot, Fr.] A sea-fish of the cod kind, but small. Carew. HADE*, hade. n. s. Among miners, the steep descent of a shaft; the descent of a hill. Drayton. HAFT§, haft. 78, 79. n.s. [haepfc, Sax.] A han- dle ; that part of any instrument that is taken into the hand. Gower. To HAFT, haft. v. a. To set in a haft. Ainsicorth. HATTER*, haf-tur. n.s. A wrangler; a caviller; a crafty or cunning fellow. Barret. Ob. T. J [AGS, hag. n.s. [hae£e-r>te, Sax.] A witch; an enchantress. Dering. A fury; a she monster. Crashaw. An old ugly woman. Dryden. Ap- Kearances of light ancf fire upon the manes of orses, or men's hair, were formerly called hags. Blount. HAG-BORN*, hag'-bSrn. a. Born of a witch or hag. Shakspeare. ToHAG, hag. v. a. To torment; to harass with vain terrour. Hudibras. HA'GABAG*. See Huckaback. HA'GGARDS, hag'-gard. a. [hagard, Fr.] Wild; untamed ; difficult to be reclaimed. Spenser, [ha- ger, Germ.] Lean ; ragged ; perhaps, ugly. U Es- trange. Deformed with passion. Di-yden. HA'GGARD, hag'-gard. n. s. Any thing wild or irreclaimable. Sliak. A species of hawk. Sandys Aha s- HA'GGARD* hag'-gard. n. s. [ha£a and $eapb, Sax.] A staek-vard. Howell. HA'GGARDLY*, hag'-gard-le. ad. Deformedly ; ug lily. Dryden. HA'GGESS, hag'-ges. n. s. [from hack.] A mass of meat, generally pork chopped, and enclosed in a membrane. HA'GGISH, hag^gfsh. a. Of the nature of a hag; deformed ; horrid. ShaJcspeare. To HA'GGLES, hag'-gl. v. a. [from hackle or hack. - ] To cut ; to chop ; to mangle. Shakspeare. To HA'GGLE, hag'-gl. v. n. [harceler, Fr.] To be tedious in a bargain ; to be long in coming to the price. Shenstone. ILVGGLER, hag'-gl-ur. 98. n. s. One that cuts. One that is tardy in bargaining. Cotgrave. HA GIO' GRAPHA*, ha-j£-6g'-ra-f a. n. s. pi. [Zyi ■ os and ypd a. [apuoviic&s.] HARMO'NICK, bir-mdn'-lk. 508. J Relating to musick; susceptible of musical proportion to each other. Bacon. Concordant; musical. Bacon. HARMONICALLY*, har-mon'-e-kal-e. ad. Musi- cally. Bwion. HARMONIOUS, har-m6'-ne-us. a. Adapted to each other ; having the parts proportioned to each other. Locke. Musical ; svmphonious. Milton. HARMONIOUSLY, har-m^-ne-Gs-le. ad. With just adaptation and proportion of parts to each other. Pope. Musically ; with concord of sounds. StiUingJket. HARMONIOUSNESS, har-mo'-ne-us-nes. n. s. Proportion ; musicalness. HARMONIST*, har'-mo-nlst. n. s. One who under- stands the concord of sounds ; one who delights in musick. Young. One who brings together corre- sponding passages on a subject; a harmonizer. Nelson. To HARMONIZE, har / -m6-nlze. v. a. To adjust in fit proportions. Dryden. To HA'RMONIZE*, har'-mi-nlze. v. n. To agree ; to correspond. Lightfool. HA'RMONIZER*. har'-m6-nl-zur. n.s. One who brings together corresponding passages on any subject. Cleaver. HA'RMONYS, har'-m6-ne. n.s. [apuovia.] The just adaptation of one part to another.' Just proportion of sound ; musical concord. Milton. Concord ;. corresponding sentiment. Milton. HA RNESS $, har'-nes. n. s. [harnois, Fr.] Armour ; defensive furniture of war. Spenser. The traces of draught horses, particularly of carriages of pleas- ure or state. Shakspeare. To HA'RNESS, har'-nes. v. a. To dress in armour. Sliak. To defend ; to protect. 1 Mace. iv. To fix horses in their traces. Spenser. HA'RNESSER*, har'-nes-ur. n. s. One who fixes horses in their traces. Sherwood. HARP §, harp. n. s. [heap.p, Sax.] A lyre ; an instru- ment strung with wire, and commonly struck with the finger. Spenser. A constellation. Creech. To HARP, harp. o. a. To play on the harp. Rev. xiv. To touch any passion. Shakspeare. To HARP*, harp. v. n. To play upon the harp. 1 Cor. xiv. To touch ; to affect ; to move. Shak- speare. HA RPER, har'-pur. 98. n. s. A player on the harp. Shakspeare. HA'RPING Iron, har'-pfng-l'-ficp. n. s. [harpago, Lat.] A bearded dart, with a line fastened to the handle, with which whales are struck and caught. Waller. HA'RPINGS*, har'-pfngz. n.s. pi. [In naval lan- guage.] The breadth of a ship at the bow HA'RPIST* har'-plst. n, s. A player on the harp. Brown. HARPONE'ER, har-pSS-neer'. n. s. [liarponeur, Fr.] He that throws the harpoon in whalefishing. HARPOON §, har-p66n'. n. s. [harpon, Span.] A harping iron. Dryden. HARPOONER* See Harponeer. HA'RPSICHORD, hirp'-se-kdrd. n. s. [harpechorde, old Fr. formerly written 1ia?*psicon.~\ A musical in- strument, strung with wires, and played by striking keys. Tatler. HA'RPY, har'-pe. n.s. [harpyia, Lat.] The har- pies were a kind of birds which had the faces of women, and foul, long claws, very filthy creatures. Raleigh. A ravenous wretch; an extortioner. Sliakspeare. HA'RQUEBUSS$, har'-kwe-bus. n.s. [See Ar- Quebuse.] A hand gun. Shelton. HA'RQUEBUSSIER, har-kwe-b&s-seer/. 275. n.s. One armed with a harquebuss. Knolles. HARR*, har. n. s. A storm proceeding from the sea. See Eagre. Coles. 31 HARRATE'EN*, har-ra-teeiv. n. s. A kind of stuff or cloth. Slienstone. HA'RRIDAN, har'-re-dan. n.s. [corrupted from haridelle, Fr. a worn-out, worthless horse.] A de- cayed strumpet. Swift. HA'RRIER*. SeeHARtER. HA'RRICO*. See Haricot. HA'RROW$, har'-ro. n. s. [charroue, Fr.] A frame of timbers crossing each other, and set with teecn, drawn over sowed ground to throw the earth over the seed. Mortimer. To HA RROW, har'-ro. o. a. To cover with earth by the harrow. Tusser. To break with the har- row. Job. xxxix. To tear up ; to rip up. Shak. To pillage ; to strip; to lay waste. Bacon. To invade ; to harass with incursions. [hep.S'lan, Sax.] Spen- ser. To disturb; to put into commotion. Sliak- speare. HA'RROW, har'-ro. interj. [harau, old Fr.] An ex clamation of sudden distress. Spenser. HA'RROWER, har'-ro-fir. n. s. He who harrows Blount. A kind of hawk. Ainsworth. To HA'RRY, har'-re. v. a. [hanier, Fr.] To tease; to hare ; to ruffle. Sliak. In Scotland it signifie? to rob, plunder. To HA'RRY*, har'-re. v. n. To make harassing in cursion. Beaumont and Fletcher. HARSH §, harsh, a. [Jiarsch, Dutch.] Austere ; rough ly sour. Deiiliam. Rough to the ear. Dryden. Crabbed ; morose ; peevish. Bacon. Rugged to the touch ; rough. Boyle. Unpleasing ; rigorous, Dryden. HARSHLY, hirsh'-le. ad. Sourly ; austerely to the palate. With violence. Milion. Severely; mo rosety ; crabbedly. Addison. Unpleasantly to tho ear. Shakspeare. HA'RSHNESS, harsh'-nes. n.s. Sourness; austere taste. Bacon. Roughness to the ear. Dryden Ruggedness to the touch. Bacon. Crabbedness ; peevishness. Sliakspeare. HART$, hart. n. s. [heojit, Sax.] A he-deer ; the male of the hind. May. HA'RTROYAL, hart'-rfie-al. n. s. A plant. HA'RTSHORN, harls'-h6rn. n. s. A drug made of the horns of the deer. Hill. HA'RTSHORN, harts'-hdrn. n.s. Anh/»b. Ains- icoiih. HARTSTONGUE, harts'-t&ng. n. s A plant. Miller. HA'RTWORT, hart'-wurt. n.s. An umbelliferous plant. Miller. HA'RUMSCARUM*, ha-rum-ska'-rfim. a. A low expression, applied to flighty persons ; persons al- ways in a hurry. HARVEST §. harvest, n. s. [haejipej-fc, Sax.] The season of reaping and gathering the corn. Shak. The corn ripened, gathered, and inned. Dryden. The product of labour. Dryden. HARVEST-HOME, har'-vest-home. n.s. The song which the reaper* sing at the feast made for having inned the harvest. Dryden. The time of gather- ing harvest. Dryden. The opportunity of gather- ing treasure. Shakspeare. HARVEST-LORD, har'-vest-ldrd. n. s. The head reaper at the harvest. Tusser. HARVEST-QUEEN*, har'-vest-kween. n.s. An image apparelled in great finery, earned in the morning of the conclusive reaping-day, as a repre- sentative of Ceres. Hutchinson. To HARVEST*, ha^-vest. v. a. To gather in. Shencood. HA'RVESTER, harMSst-ur. n.s. One who works at the harvest HA'RVESTMAN, har'-vest-man. n. s. A labourer in harvest. Abp. Parker. HASf, haz. The third person singular of the verb To have. To HASH§, hash. v. a. [hacher, Fr.] To mince; to chop into small pieces and mingle. Garth. HASH*, hash. n. s. Minced meat. Cotgrave. HASK, hask. n.s. [hwass, Swedish.] A case or habitation made of rushes or flags, Spenser. Ob. J, 453 HAT HAU DJ 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n; HA'SLET, ha'-slet. ) n. s. [hasla, Icel.] The HARSLET, har'-sle't. $ heart, liver, and lights of a hog, with the windpipe and part of the throat to it. HASPy, hasp. 79. n. s. [heep r , Sax.] A clasp folded over a staple, and fastened on with a padlock. Mortimer. A spindle to wind silk, thread, or yarn upon. Skinner. To HASP, hasp. v. a. To shut with a hasp. Garth. HA'SSOCK, has'-snk. 166. n. s. [haseck, Germ.] A thick mat, to kneel on at church. Addison. HAST, hast. The second person singular of have. HASTEN, haste. 74. n. s. [haste, Fr.] Hurry ; speed; nimbleness ; precipitation. Crashaw. Passion ; vehemence. Psalms. To HASTE, haste. 472. ) ». n. To make haste ; To HAPTEN, ha'-sn. 405. \ to be in a hurry. Jer. To move with swiftness. Shakspeare. To HASTE, haste. ? 472. v. a. To push forward ; To HA'STEN, ha/-sn. ] to urge on ; to precipitate; to drive a swifter pace. Shakspeare. HA'STENER, ha/-sn-ur. 98. n.s. One that hastens or hurries. Sherwood. One that precipitates, or urges on. Hammond. HA'STILY, has'-te-le. ad. In a hurry; speedily; nimbly; quickly. Spemer. Rashly; precipitately. Swift* Passionately ; with vehemence. HA'STINESS, has'-te-nes. n. s. Haste; speed. Hurry ; precipitation ; Sidney. Rash eagerness. Dry den. Angry tesliness; passionate vehemence. HA'STINGS, has'-tlngz. n. s. Peas that come early. Mortimer. Any early fruit. Cotgrave. HA STY, has'-te. a. [hastif, Fr.] Quick ; speedy. Shak. Passionate ; vehement. Prov. xiv. Rash ; precipitate. Prov. xxix. Early; ripe. Isaiah, xxviii. HASTST-PUDDING, has'-te-pud'-lng. n. s. A pud- ding made of milk and flour, boiled quick to- gether. Dorset. HATy, hat. 74. n.s. [hsefc, Sax.] A cover for the head. Shakspeare. HA'TBAND, hat'-band. 88. n. s. A string tied round the hat. Bacon. HA'TBOX*, hat'-boks. n. s. The modern word for liatcase. HA'TCASE, hat'-kase. n. s. A slight box for a hat. Addison. To HATCH y, hatsh. v. a. [hecken, Germ.] To pro- duce young from eggs. MiUon. To quicken the egg by incubation. Kay. To produce by prece- dent action. Hooker. To form by meditation ; to contrive. Hayward. [liacher. Fr.] To shade by lines in drawing or graving. Dryden. To steep. Beaumont and Fletcher. To HATCH, hatsh. v.n. To be in the state of grow- ing quick. Boyle. To be in a state of advance to- wards effect. Beaumont and Fletcher. HATCH, hatsh. n. s. A brood excluded from the egg. Tr. Buffon. The act of exclusion from the agg. Disclosure; discovery. Shak. [heeca, Sax.] A half door. Sliafc. In the plural. The doors or •ipenings by which they descend from one deck or floor of a ship to another. Dryden. — To be under hatches. To be in a state of ignominy, poverty, or depression. Locke. — Hatches. Floodgates. Ains- worth. 7'oHA'TCHELy, hak'-kl. [hatsh'-el, Perry. 1 v. a. [hachelen, Germ.] To beat flax, so as to separate the fibrous from the brittle part. Butler. HA'TCHEL, hak'-kl. n. s. The instrument with which flax is beaten. Sherwood. HA'TCHELLER, hak'-kl-ur. n.s. A beater of flax. Cotgrave. HA'TCHER*, hatsh'-fir. n. s. A contriver. Swift. HA'TCHETy, hatsh'-n. 99. n.s. [hache, hachette, Fr.] A small axe. Moxon. HATCHET-FACE, hatsh '-It-fase. n.s. An ugly face ; such as might be hewn out of a block by a hatchet. Dryden. HA'TCHING*, hatsh' -Ing. n. s. A kind of drawing. See To Etch. Harris. HA'TCHMENT, hatsh'-ment. n. s. [corrupted from achievement.] An armorial escutcheon, exhibited on the hearse at funerals ; and sometimes hung up in churches. Shakspeare. HA'TCHWAY, hatsh'-wa. n. s. The way over or through the hatches. To HATE §, hate. 74. v. a. [hatian, Sax.] To de test; to abhor; to abominate. Wisd. xii. HATE, hate. n. s. [hare, Sax.) Malignity ; detesta tion ; the contrary to love. Slmkspeare. HA'TEABLE*, hate'-a-bl. a. Detestable. Sherwood HA'TEFUL, hate'-ful. a. Causing abhorrence odious. Shakspeare. Abhorrent; detesting; ma lignant. Dryden. HATEFULLY, hate'-ful-e. ad. Odiously; abomi nably. Drummond. Malignantly; maliciously Ezek. xxiii. HA'TEFULNESS, hate'-ful-nes. n. s. Odiousness. HA'TER, ha'-tur. 98. n. s. One that hates ; an abhor rer. Sidney. HATRED, ha'-tred. n. s. Hate ; ill-will ; malignity ; abhorrence. Locke. HA TTED* ; halted, a. Wearing a hat of any kind. Tourneur. To HATTER, hat'-tur. v. a. [perhaps corrupted from batter] To harass; to weary; to wear out with fatigue. Dryden. HATTER, hat'-tur. 98. n. s. A maker of hats. Swift. HATTOCK, hatMfik. 166. n.s. [atlock, Erse.] A shock of corn. HA'UBERK, haw'-berk. 213. n. s. [hauberg, old Fr.] A coat of mail without sleeves, made of plate or of chain mail. Spenser. HAUGHf, haw. n.s. A little meadow lying in a valley. See Haw. ^Cf' This word, though for ages obsolete, or heard only in the proper names of Fetherstonehaugh, Philiphaugh, &c, seems to have risen from the dead in the late whimsical deception we meet with in some gardens, where we are suddenly stopped by a deep valley wholly imperceptible till we come to the edge of it. The ex- pression of surprise, Hah! hah! which generally breaks out upon a discovery of this deception, is com- monly supposed to be the origin of this word; but the old word, haugh, is so nearly related to the significa- tion of the new term, haw., haw, that it seems much the more natural parent of it. W. HAUGHTY, hawt. a. \jwlt,hault, old Fr.] Haughty; insolent. Shak. High ; proudry magnanimous. Spenser. Ob. J. HA'UGHTILY, haw'-te-le. ad. Proudly ; arrogant ly ; contemptuously. Micah, ii. HA'UGHTINESS. hlw'-te-nes. n.s. Pride; arro- Dryden. TY, haw'-te. 393. a. Proud : insolent ; arro- fant; contemptuous. Clarendon. Proudly great, y rior. Bold ; adventurous. Spenser. High ; proudly magnanimous. Shak. High; lofty. Mir. for Mag. To HAULy, haw], v. a. [haler, Fr.] To pull; to draw ; to drag by violence. Shakspeare. To HAUL the Wind*. To direct the course of a ship nearer to that point of the compass, from which the wind arises. HAUL, hawl. n.s. Pull; violence in dragging Thomson. To HAULSE*. See To Halse. HA'ULSER*. See Halser. HAUM, hawm. 213. n.s. [healm, Sax.] The stem or stalk of corn. Tusser. A horse-collar. Sherwood. Written also hame, halm, haulm, hawm, and helm. HAUNCH §, hantsh. 214. n.s. [hancke, Dutch, hanche, Fr.] The thigh; the hip. Spenser. The rear ; the hind part. Shakspeare^. HA/UNCHED*, hlntsh'-gd, or hantsht. a. Having haunches. Sherwood. To HAUNT 5, hant. v. a. \lianter, Fr.] Originally, to accustom. Wicliffe. To frequent; to be much about any place or person. Sidney. It is used fre- quently in an ill sense of one that comes unwelcome. Shak. It is eminently used of apparitions that ap- pear in a particular place. Fairfax. 9^/= This word was in quiet possession of its true sound till a late dramatick piece made its appearance, which, to the surprise of those who had heard the language spoken half a century, was, by some speakers, oalleo 454 gance. HA'UGHT I HAW HAZ — n6, move, nor, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 611; — pound; — thin, 'mis. the Hawnted Tower. This was certainly the improve nient of some critick in the language ; for a plain com mon speaker would undoubtedly have pronounced the au as in aunt, jaunt, &c, and as it had always been pro- nounced in the Drummer, or the Haunted House. That this pronunciation is agreeable to analogy, see Princi- ples, No. 214. TV. To HAUNT, hant. v. n. To be much about ; to ap- pear frequently. Shakspeare. HAUNT, hint. n. s. Custom ; practice. Chaucer. Place in which one is frequently found. 1 Sam. xxiii. Habit of being in a certain place. Arbuih- not. HA'UNTER, hant'-ur. 98. n.s. Frequenter; one that is often found in any place. Wotton. HAUST*, hawst. n.s. [Iiausius, Lat.] A draught; as much as a man can swallow. Coles. [hpofca, Sax.] A dry cough. Ray. HAUTBOY, h6'-b6e. n.s. [lima bois, Fr.] A wind instrument. Shakspeare. HAUTE' UR*, h6-uW. n.s. [Fr.] Pride; inso- lence ; haughtiness. Bp. E/lys. HAUT-GOUT*, h6-g66 / . n.s. [Fr.] Anything with a strong relish, or with a strong scent. Butler. To HAVE §, hav. 75. v. a. In the present, I have, thou hast, he hath, or has ; we, ye, they, have ; pret. and part. pass. had. [habban, Sax. Iiebben, Dutch.] Not to be without. Acts, xxv. To carry ; to wear. Sidney. To make use of. Judges, xvii. To pos- sess. Exod. xvi. To obtain ; to enjoy. St. John, xvii. To take ; to receive. Dryden. To be in any stale. 1 Sam. xxi. To put ; to take. Tusser. To procure; to find. Locke. Not to neglect; not to omit. Sliak. To hold ; to regard. Psalms. To maintain ; to hold opinion. Bacon. To contain. Shak. To require ; to claim. Dryden. To be a husband or wife to another. Sliak. To be engaged, as in a task. Hooker. To wish ; to desire. Psalms. To buy. Collier. It is most used in English, as in other European languages, as an auxiliary verb to make the tenses ; have, hast, and liaih or has, the preterperfect ; and Ivxd and hadst the preterplu- perfect. — Have at, or with, is an expression denot-' ing resolution to make some attempt. Shak. Have after : an expression of the same import as Have with you, i. e. I will follow you. Shakspeare. HAWELESS*, hav'-les. a. Having little or nothing. Gower. An old word. HA'VEN§, ha'-vn. 103. n.s. [haepen, Sax.] A port; a harbour; a station for ships. Sidney. A shelter; an asylum. Sfiakspeare. HA'VENER, ha/-vn-ur. n.s. An overseer of a port. Carew. HA'VER, hay'-ur. 98. n. s. Possessor ; holder. HAWER, hav'-iir. n.s. A common word in the northern counties for oats. Peacham. HA'VERSACK*, hav'-ur-sak. n.s. A kind of coarse bag in which soldiers carry provisions. HA'vTNG, hav'-mg. n. s. Possession ; estate ; for- tune. Sliak. The act or stale of possessing. Sid- ney, [luxe/, Su. Goth, from liaefva.] Behaviour ; regularity. HA'VIOUR, ha'-ve-ur. [hav'-yur, Sheridan.] n. s. Conduct ; manners. Spenser. HA'VOCK§, hav'-vuk. 166. n.s. [hapoc, Sax.] Waste ; wide and general devastation. Spenser. HA'VOCK, hav'-vuk. interj. A word of encourage- ment to slaughter. Shakspeare. To HA'VOCK, hav'-vuk. v. a. To waste; to de- stroy ; tojay waste. Spenser. HAW§, haw. n.s. The berry and seed of the haw- thorn, [hae^, Sax.] Tusser. An excrescence in the eye. Huloet. A small piece of ground adjoin- ing to a house, [ha^a, Sax.] A hedge, or any enclosure. Cliaucer. Formerly, a dale ; written hawgh, or liaugh. See Haugh. HAW*, haw. n.s. [See Ha.] An intermission or hesitation of speech. To HAW, haw. v. n. To speak slowly with frequent intermission and hesitation. L' Estrange. HAWHA'W*, haw-haw 7 , n. s. [apparently a dupli- cation of haw, in the sense of any enclosure.] A fence or bank that interrupts an alley or walk sunk between two slopes, and not perceived til) approached. Green. HAWK 5, hawk. n.s. [hapoc, Sax.] A bird of prey, used much anciently in sport to catch other birds. Shak. [hoch, Welsh.] An effort to force phlegm up the throat. To HAWK, hawk. v. n. To fly hawks at fowls ; to catch birds by means of a hawk. Locke. To fly at; to attack on the wing. Shak. [Iwchio, Welsh.] To force up phlegm with a noise. Harvev. To HAWK* hawk. v. a. [hocker, Germ.] To sell by proclaiming it in the streets. Swift. HAWK-EYED*, bawk'-lde. a. Having a keen eye. like that of the hawk. HAWK-NOSED*, hawk'-n6zd. a. Having an aqui line nose. Ferrand. HA'WKED, hsw'-ked. 366. a. Formed like a hawk's bill. B-oum. HA'WKER, haw'-kfir. 98. n.s. A falconer, [hape- cepe, Sax.] Harmar. One who sells his wares by proclaiming them in the street, [lwcker, Germ.] BunM. HA'WKFNG*, hawk'-mg. n.s. The diversion of flving hawks. Locke. HA'WKWEED, hawk'-weed. n. s. A p'ant. Miller. HA'WSER*. See Halser. HA'WSES, haw'-sk. 99. n.s. Two round holes un- der a ship's head or beak, through which the ca- bles pass. Harris. HA'WTHORN,haw'-/7ioni. n. s. [ha^-Sop-ii. Sax.] A species of medlar; the thorn that bears haws. Miller. HA'WTHORN FLY, haw'-tftorn-fll. n.s. An insect. Walton. HAY §, ha. n. s. [hie^ 1 , hi£, Sax.] Grass dried to fodder cattie in winter. Camden. — To dance the hay. To dance in a ring. Davies. HAY, ha. n. s. [hee^, Sax".] A hedge Chaucer. A net which encloses the haunt of an animal. Har- To lay snares for rabbits. Hu- A heap of fresh hay. . A lolt to put hay in. n.s. s. One employed in n. s. A place ap- mar. To HAY*, lm. foe*. HA'YCOCK* ha'-k6k. HAYLOFT*, ha'-loft. n. Gay. HA'YMAKER. ha'-ma-kur. n. drying grass for hay. Pope. HA'YMARKET*, ha'-mar-ket. propriated to ihe sale of hay. HA'YiWOW*, ha'-moii. n. s. A mow of hay. HA'YRICK* ha'-rfk. n. s. A rick of hay. HA'YSTACK* ha'-stak. n. s. A stack of hav. HA'YSTALK*,ha'-stawk. n.s. A stalk of hav. HAWTHORN*, hk'-thdm. n. s. Hawthorn. Scott. HA'YWARD*, ha'-ward. n.s. A keeper of the com- mon herd of cattle of a town or village ; who takes care that they neither crop nor break the hedges of enclosed grounds. Sherivood. HA'ZARD §, haz'-urd. 88. n. s. [hasard, Fr.] Chance j accident ; fortuitous hap. Shak. Danger ; chance of danger. Hookei'. A game at dice. Chaucer. To HA'ZARD, haz'-urd. v. a. To expose to chance. Hooker. To HA'ZARD, haz'-fird. v. n. To try the chance. Shakspeare. To adventure. Waller. HA'ZARDABLE, haz'-ur-da-bl. a. Venturous ; lia ble to chance. Brown. HA'ZARDER, haz'-ur-dfir. n.s. He who hazards. A gamester. Chaucer. HA'ZARDRY, haz'-ur-dre. n.s. Temerity ; precipi- tation. Spenser. Gaming in general. Chaucer. Oh. J. HA'ZARDOUS, haz'-ur-dus. a. Dangerous ; expos- ed to chance. Dryden. HAZARDOUSLY, haz'-ur-dfis-le. ad. With danger or chance. Sherwood. HAZE §, haze. n.s. Fog ; mist. Burke. To HAZE, haze. v. n. To be foggy or misty. Ray. To HAZE, haze. v. a. To fright one. Ainsw-Trth. HA'ZEL§, ha'-z'l. 102. n.s. [hserel, Sax.] Nut tree Miller. 455 HEA HEA ID" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— g HA'ZEL, ha'-z'l. a. Light brown ; of the colour of hazel. Mortimer. HA'ZELLY, ha'-z'l-e. a. Of the colour of hazel ; a light brown. Mortimer. HA'ZY, ha'-ze. a. Dark; foggy; misty. Burnet. HE§,hee. pronoun, gen. him ; plur. they ; gen. them. [he, Sax.] The man that was named before. Shak. The man ; the person. Daniel. Man or male being. Sliak. Male : as, a he bear, a he goat. Bacon. HEAD§, hed. 234. n.s. [heapob,heapb, Sax.] The part of the animal that contains the brain or the or- gan of sensation or thought. Spenser. Person, as exposed to any danger or penalty. SJwk. — Head and ears. The whole person. Beaumont and Fl. — Denomination of any animals. Addison. Chief; principal person ; one to whom the rest are subor- dinate. Bacon. Place of honour ; the first place. Addison. Place of command. Addison. Counte- nance ; presence. Drijden. Understanding ; facul- ties of the mind. Locke. Face ; front ; fore part. Drijden. Resistance ; hostile opposition. Spenser. Spontaneous resolution. Davies. State of a deer's horns, by which his age is known. Shak. Individ- ual. Graunt. The top of any thing bigger than the rest. 1 Sam. The fore part of anything, as of a ship. Raleigh. That which rises on the top. Mortimer. The blade of an axe. Deut. xix. Up- jer part of a bed. Gen. xlvii. The brain. Pope. Dress of the head. Swift. Principal topick of dis- course. Burnet. Source of a stream. Raleigh. Crisis ; pitch. Addison. Power ; influence ; force ; strength. Milton. Body ; conflux. Bacon. Pow- er; armed force. Shak. Liberty in running a horse. Shak. License ; freedom from restraint. South. It is very improperly applied to roots. Gay. — Head and shoulders. By force ; violently. Felton. HEAD, hed. a. Chief; principal. Clarendon. To HEAD, hed. v. a. To lead ; to influence ; to di- rect ; to govern. Dryden. To behead ; to kill by taking away the head. Shak. To fit any thing with a head, or principal part. Spenser. To lop trees. Mortimer. HEADACHE,hed'-ake.355. n.s. Pain in the head. Locke. HEADBAND, hed'-band. n. s. A fillet for the head ; a topknot. Isaiali. The band at each end of a book. HEADBORQUGR, hed'-bur-rd. n.s. [head and borough.] A constable ; a subordinate constable. Camden. HEADDRESS, hed'-dres. n. s. The covering of a woman's head. Addison.. Any thing resembling a headdress, and prominent on the head. Addi- son. HEADED*, hed'-ed. a. Having a head or top. Shak. Much used in composition; as, clear-headed, long- headed, &c. Dryden. HEADER, hed'-dur. 98. n. s. One that heads nails or pins, &c. One who heads a mob or party. The first brick in the angle. Moxon. HEADGARGLE, hed'-gar-gl. n. s. [head and gar- gle.] A disease in cattle. Mortimer. HEADGEAR*, hed'-geer. n. s. [head and gear.] The dress of a woman's head. Burton. HE'ADINESS, hed'-de-ngs. n. s. Harry; rashness; stubbornness; precipitation. Spenser. HEADLAND. hedMand. n.s. Promontory; cape. Dryden. Ground under hedges. Tusser. HEADLESS, h^d'-les. a. Without a head; be- headed. Spenser. Without a chief. Raleigh. Without foundation. Bacon. Obstinate ; inconsid- erate ; ignorant ; wanting intellects. Spenser. HEADLONG, hed'-long. a. Steep; precipitous. Milton. Rash ; thoughtless. Sudden ; precipitate. Sidney. HEADLONG, heilM6ng. ad. With the head fore- most. Shak. Rashly ; without thought ; precipi- tately. South. Hastily ; without delay or respite. Dryden. HE' ADMAN*, hed'-man n s. [heapobman. Sax.] A chief, Huloet. I HEADMONEY*, hed'-mon-ne. n. s. A capitation tax. Milton. HE / ADMOULD-SHOT,hed / -mold-sh6t. n. s. [liead, mould, and shot.] This is when the sutures of the skull, generally the coronal, have their edges shot over one another. Quincy. HEADPAN*, hed'-pan. n. s. The brain pan. H E ADPENCE*, hed'-pense. n. s. A kind of poll-tax formerly collected in the county of Northumber- land. HE'ADPIECE, hed'-peese. n. s. Armour for the head ; helmet ; morion. Sidney. Understanding ; force of mind. Shakspeare. HEADQUARTERS, hed-kwar'-turz. n.s. The place of general rendezvous ; or lodgement for sol- diers. Collier. HEADSHA'KE*, hed'-shake. n.s. A significant shake of the head. Shakspeare. HEADSHIP, hed'-shfp. n.s. Dignity; authority; chief place. Hales. HEADSMAN, hedz'-man. 88. n. s. Executioner; one that cuts off heads. Dryden. HEADSPRING*, hed'-sprlng. n. s. Fountain ; ori gin. Stapleton. HEADSTALL, hed'-stall. 406. n. s. Part of the bri- dle that covers the head. Shakspeare. HEADSTONE, hgd'-stone. n.s. The first or capital stone. Psalm cxviii. A grave-stone. HEADSTRONG, hed'-str6ng. a. Unrestrained; violent; ungovernable. Hooker. HEADSTRONGNESS*. hed'-str6ng-nes. n.s. Ob- stinacy. Gay ton. HEADTIRE*, hed'-tlre. n. s. Attire for the head. 1 Esdr. iii. HEADWAY*, hSd'-wa. n. s. [In naval language.] The motion of advancing at sea. HEAD WORKMAN, hed-wurk'-man. n. s. The fore- man. Swift. HEADY, hed'-de. a. Rash; precipitate; hasty; vi- olent. Shakspeare. Apt to affect the head. Boyle. Violent ; impetuous. Shakspeare. To HEAL§, hele. 227. v. a. [hselan, Sax.] To cure a person ; to restore from hurt or sickness. Jer.xxx. To restore any thing from an unsound to a sound state. 2 Kings, ii. To cure a wound or distemper. Wiseman. To perform the act of making a sore to cicatrize. Wiseman. To reconcile : as, He heal- ed all dissensions. To HEAL, hele. v. n. To grow well. Sharp. To HEAL*, hele. v. a. To cover. See To Hele. HE ALABLE*, he'-la-bl. a. Capable of being healed. Shervjood. HEALER, hele'-ur. n.s. One who cures or heals. Lsaiah. HEALING, hele'-mg. part. a. Mild ; mollifying ; gentle ; assuasive. Milton. HEALING*, hele'-fng. n. s. The act or power of curing. Malachi, iv. The act of covering. See Heling. HEALTHS heltfi. 234. n.s. [hseel, hel, Sax,] Free- dom from bodily pain or sickness. Quincy. Wel- fare of mind ; purity ; goodness. Common Prayer. Salvation, spiritual" and temporal. Psalms. Wish of happiness used in drinking. Shakspeare. HEALTHFUL, hW-ful. a. Free from sickness South. W 7 ell disposed. Shak. Wholesome; sa- lubrious. Bacon. Salutary ; productive of salva- tion. Common Prayer. HEALTHFULLY,' heM'-ful-e. ad. In health. Sir M. Sandys. HEALTHFULNESS, heW-ful-nes. n.s. State of being well. Patrick. Wholesomeness ; salubrious qualities. King Charles. HEALTHILY, heW-e-16. ad. Without sickness or pain. Shericood. HEALTHINESS, heW-e-nes. n. s. The state of health. HEALTHLESS, h»-les. a. Weak; sickly; in- firm. Mirror for Magistrates. Not conducive to health. Bv. Taylor. HEALTHSOME, h6li/t'-sum. a. Wholesome; sain tary. Shakspeare. 456 HEA HEA -116, move, ndr. not ;— tt'ibe, tub, bull ;— 61I ;— pound ;— thm, HE'ALTHY, helf/i'-e. a. Enjoying health ; free from sickness ; hale ; sound. South. Conducive to health ; wholesome. Locke. HEAM, heem. n. s. In beasts, the same as the after- birth in women. HEAP $, hepe. 227. n.s. [heap, Sax.] Manv single things thrown together; a pile ; an accumulation. Shale. A croud ; a throng ; a rabble. Bacon. Cluster 5 number driven together. Drijden. To HEAP, hepe. v. a. To throw on heaps 5 a pile ; to throw together. Ezek. xxiv. To accumulate ; to lay up. Job. xxvii. To add to something else. Shakspeare. HE'APER, he'-pur. 98. n. s. One that makes piles or heaps. Sliericood. HE'APLY* hepe'-le. ad. In heaps. Huloct. Ob. T. HE'APY, he'-pe. a. Lving in heaos. Rowe. roHEAR$,here.227.\-. n. [hep.au, Sax.] To enjoy the sense by which sounds are distinguished. Hol- der. To listen ; to hearken to. Milton. To be told ; to have an account. Acts, ix. 7 HEAR, here. v. a. To perceive by the ear. 2 Chron. v. To give an audience, or allowance to speak. Acts, xxiv. To attend 5 to listen to 5 to obey. Proverbs. To attend favourably. St. Matt. To try; to attend judicially. Dent. i. To attend. as to one speaking. Milton. To acknowledge a title ; to be spoken of. Spenser. — To hearsay. An elliptical expression for to hear a thing said. Dcut. ix. To hear a bird sing. A proverbial expres- sion; implying the receipt of a private communica- tion. Shakspeare. HEARD f, herd. 234. The pret. of To hear. §Cf* We frequently hear this word pronounced so as to rhyme with feared. But if this were the true sound, it ought to he written beared, and considered as regular : the short sound, like herd, is certainly the true pronunci- ation, and the verb is irregular. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Smith, and W. Johnston, mark the word as I have done. W. HEARD signifies a keeper ; as heardbearht, a glo- rious keeper ; cyneheard, a royal keeper. Gibson.. Now written herd, as Cowherd, a cow-keeper. HEARD*, herd. ' ) n. s. A keeper HE'ARDGROOM*, herd'-grSom. $ of herds. See Herd and Herdgrooji. HEARER, here'-fir. 98. n. s. One who hears. 'Sid- ney. One who attends to doctrine or discourse orally delivered by another ; as, the hearers of the eospel. One of a collected audience. B. Jonson.. HEARING, here'-tng. n. s. The sense by which sounds are perceived. Bacon. Audience. Shak. Judicial trial. Acts, xxv. Note by the ear; reach of the en/. Hooker. To HE'ARKEN §, har'-kn. 103. 243. v.n. [heopenian. Sax.] To listen ; to listen eagerly. Shakspeare. To attend ; to pay regard. Numbers, xxiii. To HE'ARKEN* naV-kn. v. a. To hear by listen- ing. Spenser. To hear with attention. Lydgate. HE'ARKENER, har'-kn-ur. n.s. Listener; one that hearkens. Barret. HE'A RSAL*, her -sal. n. s. [properly from hear.] Rehearsal ; relation. Spenser. HE'ARSAY, here'-sa. n.s. Report; rumour. Ra- leigh. HEARSES, herse. 234. n. s. [hyp. r fcan, Sax.] A ten porary monument set over a grave. Weever. Tl^ place, or the case, in which a dead corse is de- posited. Fairfax. A carriage, in which the dead are conveyed to the grave. Roscommon. To HEARSE*, herse. v. a. To enclose in a hearse, or coflfin. Shakspeare. HE'ARSECLOTH* herse'-kl6tfi. n. s. A covering thrown over the hearse ; a pall. Sanderson. HE 7 ARSELIKE, herse'-Uke. a. Mournful ; suitable to a funeral. Bacon. HEART§, hlrt. 243. n. s. [heopt, Sax.] The mus- cle which, b}' its contraction and dilation, propels the blood through the course of circulation, and is therefore considered as the source of vital motion. Smith. It is supposed in popular language to be fhe seat of courage, affection, honesty, baseness, &c. Sidney. The chief part ; the vital part. Ba- con. The inner part of any thing. Abbot. Person character. Shak. Courage ; spirit. Sidney. Sea of love. Pope. Affection; inclination. 2 Sam. xiv. Memory. Raleigh. Good-wiil ; ardour of zeal. Hooker. Passions ; anxiety ; concern. Shak. Se- cret thoughts; recesses of the mind. 2 Sam. vi. Disposition of mind. Sidney. A hard heart is cru- elly. Shak. — Tojind in the heart. To be not whol- ly averse. Sidney. Secret meaning ; hidden in- tention. Shak. Conscience; sense of good or ill Hooker.' Strength ; power. Bacon. Utmost de gree. Shak. Life. Shak. It is much used in com position for mind, or affection. HEART-ACHE, hart'-ake. 355. n.s. Sorrow; pang Shakspeare. HEART-APPALLING*, hart'-ap-pall'-bg. a. Dis- maying the heart. Thomson. HEART-BLOOD*, hart'-blud. n. s. The blood of the heart ; life. Shaksi'eare. Essence. Shaksjiearp HEART-BREAK, harV-brake. n. s. Overpowering sorrow. Shakspeare. HEART-BREAKER, hart'-bra-kur. n. s. A cam name for a woman's curls, or rather for the love- locks of the other sex. Hudibras. HEART-BREAKLNG, hart'-bra-kfng. a. Overpow- ering with sorrow. Spenser. HEART-BREAKING, hart'-bra-king. n. s. Over- powering grief. Hakewill. HEART-BRED* hart-bred. a. Bred in the heart. Crashav:. HEART-BROKEN*, hart'-bro-kn. a. Having the heart overpowered with grief. HEART-BURIED*, hart'-ber-rld. a. Deeply im mersed. Young-. HEART-BURN*, hart'-burn. n. 5. Pain proceeding from an acrid humour in the stomach. HEART-RURNED, hart'-burn'd. a. Having the heart inflamed. Shaksjieare. HEART-BURNING, hart'-bur-ning. n. s. Tain at the stomach, from an acrid humour. Woodward. Discontent ; secret enmitv. Swift HEART-BURNING*, harf-burn-ing. a. Causing discontent. Middlelon. HEART-CHILLED*, hlrt'-tshud. a. Having the heart chilled. Shenstone. HEART-CONSUMING*, hart'-kon-su'-mmg. a. Destroving the peace of the heart. Edwards. HEART-CORRODING*, hart'-k6r-r6'-dmg. a. Proving on the heart. HEART-DEAR, hart'-dere. a. Sincerely beloved Shaksjieare. HEART-DEEP*, hart'-deep. a. Rooted in the heart Herbert. Hi: ART-DISCOURA GING*, hart'-dls-kur'-ldje- ?ng. a. Depressing the heart. Soicth. HEART-EASE, hart'-eze. n.s. Quiet; tranquillity. Shakspeare. HEART-EASING, hart'-ez-lng. a. Giving quiet Milton. HEART-EATING*, hart'-eet-?ng. a. Preying on the heart. Burton. HEART-EXPANDING*, hart'-eks-pand'-mg. a. Openin? the feelings of the heart. Thomson. HEART-FELT, hart y -felt. a. Felt in the conscience Pope. HEART-GRIEF*, hart'-greef. n. s. Affliction of the heart. Milton. HEART-HARDENED*, harl'-har-dn'd. a. Obdu- rate ; impenitent. Harmar. HEART-HARDENING*, hart'-har-dn-mg. a. Ren- dering stern or obdurate. Shakspeare. HEART-HEAVINESS*, lmrt'-hev-e-nes. n. s. Heaviness of heart. Shakspeare. HEART-OFFENDLNG*. hart'-6f-f ending, a Wounding the heart. SJiakspeare. HEART-PEAS, harf-qeze. n.s. A plant. Miller. HEART-QUELLING, hart'-kwel-llng. a. Con- querinsr the affections. Spenser. HEART-RENDING, hlrt'-rend-fng. a. Killed with anguish. Waller. HEART-ROBBING, hW-r6b-bhig. a Ecstalick ■ 457 HEA HEA \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel j— pine, p?n ;— depriving of thought. Spenser. Stealing the heart, or affections. Spenser. HEART-SICK, harl'-sfk. a. [heopfc-reoc, Sax.] Pained in mind. Bp. Taylor. Mortally ill 3 hurt in the heart. Shakspeare. HEARTS-EASE, harts'-eze. n. s. A plant. Morti- mer. A toy, or ornament, formerly so called. HEART-SORE, hart'^re. n. s. That which pains the mind. Spenser. HEART-SORE*, hart'-s6re. a. Violent with pain at heart. Shakspeare. HEART-SORROWING*, hart'-s6r-r6-?ng. a. Sor- rowing at heart. SJiakspeare. HEART-STRINGS, hart'-strmgs. n. s. The ten- dons, or nerves, supposed to brace and sustain the heart. Spenser. HEART-STRUCK, hart'-str&k. a. Driven to the heart; infixed for ever in the mind. Shak. Shock- ed with fear or dismay. Milton. HEART-SWELLING, hart'-swel-ling. a. Rankling in the mind. Spenser. HEART-SWELLING*, hart'-swel-lfng. n. s. Ran- cour; swelling passion. Quarles. HEART-WHOLE, hart'-hole. 397. a. With the af- fections yet unfixed. Shak. With the vitals yet unimpaired. HE ART- WOUNDED, hart'-w63n-ded. a. Filled with passion of love or grief. Pope. HEART-WOUNDING, hart'-w66n-d?ng. a. Filling with grief. Rovie. To HEART*, hart. v. a. [hyptan, Sax.] To en- courage ; to hearten. Bp. Prideaux. To HEART-STRIKE*, hart'-strlke. v. a. To af- fect at heart. B. Jonson. HE'ARTED, bart'-^d. a. Seated or fixed in the heart. Shak. Laid up in the heart. Shakspeare. To HEARTEN y, har'-t'n. 243. v. a. [hiepfcan, Sax.] To encourage; to animate; to stir up. Sid- neij. To meliorate or renovate with manure. May. HEARTENER*, harf-tn-ur. n. s. That which ani- mates or stirs up. Brown. HEARTH §, birth. 243. n.s. [heop.8, Sax.] The pavement of a room on which a fire is made. Shak. 55= Till I had inspected the dictionaries, I could not conceive that there were two pronunciations of this word ; but. now I find, that Mr. Elphinston, W. John- ston, and Buchanan, sound the diphthong as in earth and dearth ; while Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Barclay, give it as I have done. W. HEARTH-MONEY* hart/i'-mun-ne HEARTH-PENNY*, hart/i' , upon hearths, also called chimney -money. Blackstone, HE'ARTILY, har'-te-le. ad. From the heart; fully. Prior. Sincerely; actively ; diligently. Atlerbury. Eagerly ; with desire. Addison. HEARTINESS, hir'-te-nes. n. s. Sincerity ; free- dom from hypocrisy. Shak. Vigour; eagerness. Bp. Taylor. HEARTLESS, hart'-les. a. Without courage ; spir- itless. Spenser. HEARTLESSLY, hartMes-le. ad. Without cour- age ; faintly ; timidly. HE 7 ARJTLESSNESS, hart'-les-nes. n.s. Want of courage, or spirit; dejection of mind. Bp. Hall. HE' ARTY, har'-te. 243. a. Sincere ; undissembled ; warm; zealous. Proverbs, xxvii. In full health. Vigorous; strong. Pope. Strong; hard; durable. Wotton. HEARTY-HALE, har'-te-hale. a. Good for the heart. Spenser. HKAST* See Hest. HEAT §, hete. 227. n. s. [heat, haefc, Sax.] The sen- sation caused by the approach or touch of fire. Locke. The cause of the sensation of burning. Hooker. Hot weather. Bacon. State of any body j under the action of fire. Moxon. Fermenta- tion ; effervescence. One violent action uninter- mitted. The state of being once hot. Dryden. A course at a race. Dryden. Pimples in the face ; f"sh, Addison. Agitation of sudden or violent passio,. ,• vehemence of action. Sidney. Faction ; t'-mun-ne. ) '-pen-ne. \ n ' A tax contest; party rage. Shak. Ardour of thought or elocution. Addison. HEAT* het. part. a. Heated. Broicne. To HEAT, hete. v. a. To make hot ; to endue with the power of burning. Dan. iii. To cause to fer- ment. Moiiimer. To make the constitution fever- ish. Shak. To warm with vehemence of passion or desire. Dryden. To agitate the blood and spir its with action. Dryden. HE'ATER, he'-tflr. 98. n. s. An iron made hot, ar,d put into a box-iron, to smooth linen. HEATH y , hkh. 227. n. s. [hailhjo, Goth.] A shrub of low stature. Miller. A place overgrown with heath. Temple. A place covered with shrubs of whatever kind. Bacon. HEATH-COCK, hetfi'-k&k. w. s. A large fowl thai frequents heaths. Carew. HEATH-PEAS, hei/i'-peze. n. s. A species of bitter vetch. HEATH-POUT, hfc/i'-pdfit. n. s. A bird. Dryden. HEATH-ROSE, hetfi'-r6ze. n. s. A plant. Ains- worth. HE'ATHENy, he'-TH'n. 227. n.s. [Zdvr, : haithn, Goth.] The gentiles; the pagans; the nations unac- quainted with the covenant of grace. 1 Chron. xvi. HEATHEN, he'-TH'n. 103. a. Gentile; pagan. Ad- dison. HE'ATHENISH, he'-TH'n-fsh. a. Belonging to the gentiles. Hooker. Wild ; savage ; rapacious ; cru- el. Spenser. HE'ATHENISHLY, he'-TH'n-Jsh-le. ad. After the manner of heathens. HE'ATHENISHNESS*, he'-TH , n-?sh-ne ; s. n. s. A profane state, like that of the heathens. Prynne. HEATHENISM, he'-TH'n-izm. n. s. Gentilism ; pa- ganism. Hammond. To HE'ATHENIZE*, he'-TH'n-Ize. v. a. To render heathenish. Firmin. HE'ATHER*, hetfi'-ur. n. s. Heath. HF/ATHY, hkh'-k a. Full of heath. Mortimer. HE'ATLESS*, hete'-l&s. a. Cold ; without warmth Beaumont and Fletcher. To HEAVE y, heve. 227. v. a. pret. heaved, anciently hove; part, heaved, or hoven. [heapan, Sax.] To lift ; to raise from the ground. Milton. To carry. Shak. To raise ; to lift. Spenser. To cause to swell. Dryden. To force up from the breast. Shak. To exalt; to elevate. Sliak. To puff; to elate. Hayward. To HEAVE, heve. v.n. To pant; to breathe with pain. Dryden. To labour. Atterbury. To rise with pain ; to swell and fall. Di-yden. To keck ; to feel a tendency to vomit. HEAVE, heve. n. s. Lift; exertion or effort upwards. Dryden. Rising of the breast. Shak. Effort to vomit. Struggle to rise. Hudibras. HEAVE Offering, n. s. An offering among the Jews. Numbers. HE'AVENS, hev'-v'n. 103, 234. n.s. [heopon, Sax.] The regions above ; the expanse of the sky. Shak. The habitation of God, good angels, and pure souls departed. Milton. The Supreme Power ; the Sove- reign of heaven. Temple. The pagan gods ; the celestials. Shak. Elevation ; sublimity. Shak. It is often used in composition. HEA YEN-ASPIRING* hev'-v'n-as-plre'-ing. a. Desiring to enter heaven. Akenside. HEAVEN-BANISHED*, hev'-v'n-ban-?sht. a. Ban- ished from heaven. Milton. HEAVEN-BEGOT, hev'-v'n-be-g&t. a. Begot by a celestial power. Dryden. HEAVEN-BORN, hev'-v'n-bSrn. a. Descended from the celestial regions; native of heaven. Milton. HEAVEN-BRED, hev'-v'n-bred. a. Produced or cultivated in heaven. Shakspeare. HEAVEN-BUILT, hev'-v'n-bftt. a. Built by the agency of gods. Pope. HEAVEN-DIRECTED, heV-v'n-de-rek'-t&k a. Raised towards the sky. Pope. Taught by the powers of heaven. Bp. Poiieus. HEAVEN-FALLEN*, hev'-v'n-faln. a. Fallen from heaven. Milton. 458 HEB HED — 116, move, n6r, not 5 —tube, tab, bull 3 — 61I 5 — pound ; — thin, THis. 'n-gift'-ed. a. Bestowed Re- s. Supreme Beloved of HEAVEN-GIFTED*, heV bv heaven. Millon. HEAVEN-INSPIRED*, heV-v'n-in-splr'd'. a ceiving inspiration from heaven. Decker. HEAVEN-INSTRUCTED*, heV-v'n-iii-strukt'-ed. a. Taught bv heaven. Crashaw. HEAVEN-KISSING*, heV-vn-kV-smg. a. Touch- ing - , as it were, the sky. Shakspeare. To HE'AVENIZE* heV-v'n-lze. v. a. To render like heaven. Bp. Hall. HE'AVENLINESS*, heV-v'n-le-nes excellence. Sir J. Davies. HEAVEN-LOVED*, heV-v'n-luv'd. heaven. Milton. HE'AVENLY, heV-v'n-le. a. Resembling heaven; supremely excellent. Sidney. Celestial 3 inhabit- ing heaven. Dryden. HE AVENLY, heV-v'n-le. ad. In a manner resem- bling that of heaven. Pope. By the agency or in- fluence of heaven. Milton. HEAVENLY-MINDEDNESS*, heV-v'n-le-mlnd'- eM-nes. n. s. A state of mind abstracted from the world, and directed to heaven. Hammond. HEAVEN-SALUTING*, hev'-vn-sa-lute'-lng. a. Touching the sky. Crashaw. HE'AVEMVARD, heV-v'n-ward. ad. [heaven and peajib, Sax.] Towards heaven. Prior. HEAVEN-WARRING*, hev'-v'n-war'-rhg. a. Warring against heaven. Milton. HE' AVER*, he'-vur. n. s. One who lifts any thing; as, a coal-foam-. A name given by seamen to a wooden staff, employed as a lever. HEAVILY, heV-e-le. ad. [hepelice, Sax.] With 1 great ponderousness. Exodus, xiv. Grievously 3 1 afflictively. Isaiah, xlx'ii. Sorrowfully 3 with grief. ' Psalm xxxv. With an air of dejection. Sliakspeure. HE'AVLNESS, heV-ve-n£s. n. s. Ponderousness ; the quality of being heavy 3 weight. Wilkins. De- jection of mind; depression of spirit. Hooker. In- aptitude to motion or thought. Shak. Oppression 3 crush 5 affliction. Deepness or richness of soil. Ar- buihnot. IlE'AVING*, he'-vfng. n. s. A pant ; a motion of the heart. ShaJcspeare. A swell. Addison. HE'AVY §, heV-ve. 234. a. [heapi$, Sax.] Weighty; ponderous ; tending strong!} - to the centre. Wilkins. Sorrowful; dejected; depressed. St. 3Iark, xiv. Grievous ; oppressive ; afflictive. 2 Mace. v. Want- ing alacrity 3 wanting briskness of appearance. Prior. Wanting spirit or rapidity of sentiment 3 unauimated. Swift. Wanting activity ; indolent ; lazy. Dryden. Drowsy ; dull j torpid. St. Luke, ix. Slow; sluggish. Shak. Stupid; foolish. Shak. i Burthensome ; troublesome ; tedious. Locke. Load- 1 ed; encumbered; burtheued. Bacon. Not easily I digested. Arbuthnot. Rich in soil ; fertile ; as, ' heavy lands. Deep; cumbersome; as, heavy roads. Thick ; cloudy ; dark. Sliak. Thick ; with little in- termission ; as, a lieavy storm. Requiring much labour; as, a heavy undertaking.. HE'AVY, heV-ve. ad. As an adverb it is only used in composition ; heavily. Isaiah, xlvi. To HE'AVY*, heV-ve. v. a. To make heavy. Wic- liffe. Ob. T. HE'BDOMAD §, heb'-di-mad. n. s. [hebdomas, Lat.] A week ; a space of seven days. Brown. HEBDO MADAL, heb-d6m ; -a-dal.518. ) a.Weekiy. HEBDO'MADARY. hgb-donV-a-dar-e. \ Brown. HEBDO'MADARY*, heb-dom'-a-dar-e. n. s. A member of a chapter or convent, whose week it is to officiate in the cathedral. HEBDOMA'TICAL*, heb-do-mat'-e-kal. a. Week- ly. Bp. Morton. HE-'BEN* heb'-ben. n. s. [ebene, Fr.] Ebony. Spen- ser. To HE'BETATEy, heV-e-tate. v. a. [hebeto, Lat.] To dull ; to blunt; to stupify. Harveif. HEBETA'TION, he 1 b-e-uV-shun. n. s. The act of dul- ling. The state of being dulled. HE'BETE*, heb'-ete. a. Dull; stupid. Ellis. HE'BETUDE, heV-e-tude. n. s. [hebetude, Lat.] Dulness j obtuseness 5 bluntness. Harvey. HEBRAISM, heb'-ra-Ism. 335. n. s. [hebraismus, Lat.] A Hebrew idiom. Addison. HE'BRAIST, heV-ra-Tst. 503. n. s. [hebrceus, Lat.] A man skilled in Hebrew. $Cr I have differed from Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, in the quantity of the first syllable of this and the preceding word," and think I am not only au- thorized by analogy, but the best usage. W. HE'BREW^*, he'-bru. n.s. ['E/Woj.] An Israelite; one of the children of Israel. Exodus, ii. A Jew converted to Christianity. Bp. Percy. The He brew tongue. St. John, xix. HE'BREW* he'-bru. a. Relating to the people of the Jews. Judith, xii. HE'BRE WESS*, he'-bru-e's n s. An Israelitisb wo man. Jeremiah, xxxiv. HEBRICIAN, he-brish'-an. n.s. One skilful in He- brew. Raleigh. HEBRFDIAN*,he-br]d'-e-an. a. [from the Hebrides, the Western Isles.] Respecting the Western Islands of Scotland. Johnson. HE'CATOMB, hek'-a-iuSm. n. s. [ f W?.] A sac- rifice of a hundred cattle. Donne. HECK*, hek. n. s. A rack at which cattle are fed with hay. [haeck, Su. Goth.] Ray. The winding of a stream, [ecke, Germ.] A kind of net formerly used in rivers ; as, a salmon heck. Chambers. A | hatch or latch of a door. Grose. HECKLE*. See Hackle. HE'CTICAL §, hek'-te-kal. ( a. [hectique, Fr. from HE'CTICK$, hek'-t?k.509. ] ifc.] Habitual; con- stitutional; applied to that kind of fever which is slow, and continual, and ends in a consumption. Quincy. Troubled with a morbid heat. Howell. HE CTICALLY* hek'-te-kal-le. ad. Constitutional- ly. Johnson. HE CTICK, heV-tik. n. s. A hectick fever Shak. HE'CTOR§, h£k'-tur. 418, 166. n.s. [from Hector, the g-reat Homerwk warriour.] A bully ; a bluster- ing, turbulent, pervicacious, noisv fellow. South. To HECTOR, hek'-tur. ii. a. To* threaten ; to treat with insolent terms. Dryden. To HECTOR, hek'-tur. v. n. To play the bully StiUingfleet. HE'CTORLY*, hek'-tur-le. a. Blustering , rz.*olent Bat-row. HEDERACEOUS, hed-er-a'-shfis. a. [hederaceus Lat J Producing ivy. Diet. HEDGES, hedje. n.s. [he££e, Sax.] A fence made round grounds with prickly bushes. Mortimer. HEDGE, prefixed to any word, notes something mean, vile, of the lowest class. Shakspeare. To HEDGE, hedje. v. a. [he^ian, Sax.] To enclose with a hedge. Bacon. To obstruct. Hos. ii. To encircle for defence. Shak. To shut up within an enclosure. Locke. To force into a place already full ; to thrust in with difficulty, as into a liedge. Shakspeare. To HEDGE, h£dje. v. n. To shift; to hide the head. Slw.kspeare. HEDGE-BORN, hedje'-born. a. Of no known birth j meanly bora. Shakspeare. HEDGE-CREEPER, hgdje'-kre-pur. n. s. One that skulks under hedges for bad purposes. HEDGE-FUMITORY, hedje-fu'-me-tur-e. n.s. A plant. Ainsworth. HEDGE-HOG, hedje'-hog. n. s. An animal set with prickles, like thorns in a hedge. Ray. A term of reproach. Shak. A plant : trefoil. Ainsworth. The f lobe-fish. Ainsworth. DGE-HYSSOP, hedje-luV-zup. n. s. A species of willow-wort. Hill. HEDGE-MUSTARD, hedje-rmV-tard. n.s. A plant. HEDGE-NETTLE, bedje'-net-tl. n.s. A plant. Ains- worth. HEDGE-NOTE, hedje'-nc-te. n. s. A word of con- tempt for low writing. Di-yden. HEDGE-PIG, hedje'-pfg. n. s. A young hedge-hog. ShaJcspeare. HEDGE-ROW, hedje'-ro. n. s. The trees or busbeJ planted for enclosures. Milton. 459 HEI HEL \TT 559,— Fate, f ar, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin ;- HEDGE-SP ARROW, hedje-spar'-^. n. s. A spar- row that lives in bushes. Shakspeare. HEDGING-BILL, hedje'-lng-bil. n. s. A cutting hook used in making hedges. Sidney. HE'DGER, hedje'-ur. n. s. One who makes hedges. Milton. To HEED §, heed. 246. u. a. [heban,Sax.] To mind; to regard; to take notice of; to attend. Locke. To HEED*, heed. v. n. To mind ; to consider. War- ton. HEED, heed. n. s. Care ; attention. Milton. Caution ; fearful attention; suspicious watch. Shak. Care to avoid. Tillotson. Notice ; observation. Bacon. Seriousness ; staidness. Shak. Regard ; respectful notice. L'Estrange. HE'EDFUL, heed 7 -ful. a. Watchful ; cautious ; sus- picious. Shak. Attentive ; careful ; observing. Shakspeare. HE'EDFULLY, heed'-ful-e. ad. Attentively ; care- fully ; cautiously. Bp. Hall. HE'EDFULNESS, heed'-ffll-nes. n. s. Caution ; vigilance; attention. HE'EDILY, heed'-e-le. ad. Cautiously; vigilantly. Did. HE'EDINESS, heed'-e-nes. n. s. Caution; vigilance. Spenser. HE'EDLESS, heed'-les. a. Negligent ; inattentive ; careless ; thoughtless. Waller. % HE'EDLESSLY, heed'-les-le. ad. Carelessly ; neg- ligently; inattentively. Brown. HEEDLESSNESS, heed'-les-nes. n. s. Careless- ness ; thoughtlessness ; negligence ; inattention. Locke. HEELS, heel. 246. n. s. [hele, Sax.] The part of the foot that protuberates behind. Wiseman. The whole foot of animals. Denham. The feet, as em- ployed in flight. L'Estrange. — To beolthe heels. To pursue closely; to follow hard. Sha/c. To at- tend closerj. Milton. To pursue as an enemy. Bacon. To follow close as a dependant. Shak. To lay by the heels. To fetter ; to shackle. Shale. Any thing shaped like a heel. Mortimer. The back part of a stocking : whence the phrase., to be cut at heels, to be worn out. Shak. To have the heels of. To outrun. — A spur; as, The horse under- stands the heels well. To HEEL, heel. v. n. To dance. Shak. To lean on one side; as, The ship heels, [hylban, Sax.] To HEEL. heel. v. a. To arm a cock. HE ELER, heel'-fir. n. s. A cock that strikes well with his heels. HEEL-PIECE, heeF-pese. n. s. A piece fixed on the hinder part of the shoe. To HEEL-PIECE, heel'-pese. v. a. To put a piece of leather on a shoe-heel. Arbiithnot. HEFT§, hM. n.s. [from hear e.] Heaving ; effort. Sliak. [For haft.] ■ Handle. Waller. Weight ; i. e. the thing which is heaved. Hold. Windham. HE'FTED* heft'-ed. a. Heaved ; expressing agi- tation. Sliakspeare. HEG*. heg. n.s. A fairy; a witch. See Hag. HEGEMO'NICAL* hedje-m6n'-e-kal. ) a. [W c - HEGEMCNICK*, hedje-mdn'-ik. ] ^ovckos.] Ruling ; predominant. Fotherby. HE'GIRA, he-jF-r^orh&F-je-ra. n. s. [Arabick.] A term in chronology, signifying the epocha, or ae- i count of time, used by the Arabians, who begin from the day that Mahomet was forced to make nis escape from Mecca, July 16, A. D. 622. Harris. t5°" The latter pronunciation is adopted by Dr. John- son, Barclay, and Bailey ; and the former by Mr. Sberi- f!an. Dr. Ash, Mr Scott, and Mr. Perry. The latter, I am informed, is the pronunciation of Oriental scholars ; though the former is not only more agreeable to the ear, but seems to fall in with those Arabick-Spanish names, Ramirez, Almira, &c, as well as the Grecian, Tauchi- ra, Thyatira, Dejanira, &c. W. HETFER, hef-fur. 98, A you 11 jr cow. Bacon. HEIGH-HO, hF-ho inter/. An expression of slight languor and uneasiness. 'SJuik. A voice of exulta- tion Dry den 254. n. s. [heapope, Sax.] HEIGHTS, hlte, or hate. 253. n.s. [heSe, Sax.] Elevation above the ground: indefinite. Milton Altitude ; space measured upwards. Donne. De- gree of latitude. Abbot. Summit ; ascent ; tow- ering eminence ; high place. Dryden. Elevation of rank; station of dignity. Shak. The utmost de- gree ; full completion. Bacon. Utmost exertioq. Shak. State of excellence ; advance towards pei fection. Addison. #3= The first of these modes is the most general ; an 1 the last, the most agreeable to the spelling. Milton was the patron of the first, and, in his zeal for analogy, as Dr. Johnson says, spelt the word highth. This is 'still the pronunciation of the vulgar, and seems, at first sight, the most agreeable to analogy; but, though tke sound of the adjective high is generally preserved io the abstract height, the h is always placed before the f, and is perfectly mute. Mr. Garrick's pronunciation (and which is certainly the best) was hite. — See Drought. W. To HEIGHTEN, hl'-tn. 103. v. a. To raise high Shak. To improve ; to meliorate. Addison. To aggravate. Addison. To improve by decorations. HEIGHTENING*, hi'-tn-mg. n. s. Improvement by decorations. Di^yden. HE'INOUS §, ha'-nus. 249. a. [Jmineux, Fr.] Atro- cious ; wicked in a high degree. Hooker. O^T Mr. Sheridan gives the long sound of e to the first syllable of this word, contrary to every dictionary, to analogy, and, I think, the best usage ; which, if I am not mistaken, always gives the first syllable of this word the sound of slender a. That this was the sound of this syllable formerly, we may gather from the spelling of it: for, in Charles the Second's time, Mr. Baxter i3 accused by Mr. Danvers of publishing the hainous charge against the Baptists of baptizing naked. W. HEINOUSLY, ha'-nus-le. ad. Atrociously; wick- edlv. Bp. Hall. HE'INOUSNESS, ha'-nfls-nes. n.s. Alrociousness; wickedness. Rogers. HEIR §, are. 249, 394. n. s. [heir, old Fr. hares, Lat.] One that is inheritor of any thing after the present possessor. Locke. One newly inheriting an estate. Swift. — Heir apparent. He, who, if he survives," will certainly inherit, after the present possessor. Heir presumptive. One, who, if the ancestor should die immediately, would, in the present state of things, be his heir ; but whose in- heritance may be defeated by the contingency of some nearer heir being born. Ta HEIR. are. v. a. To inherit. Dnjden. HE'IRDOM*, W-dum. n. s. The state of an heir. Bp. Hall. HE'IRESS, are'-is. 99. n. s. A woman that inherits. Waller. HEIRLESS, areMSs. a. Without an heir. Shak. HE'IRLOOM, are' -loom, n. s. [heir, and ^eloma, Sax.] Any furniture or movable decreed to de- scend by inheritance, and therefore inseparable from the freehold. Swift. HEIRSHIP, are'-shlp. n. s. The state, character, or privileges of an heir. Aijliffe. HELD, held. The preterit and part. pass, of hold. To HELE $#, heel. v. a. [helan, Sax.] To hide ; to conceal. Goicer. HE'LER*. See Hellier HELIACAL §, he-H'-a-kal. a. [SjXtoj.] Emerging from the lustre of the sun, or fading into it. Brown. HELFACALLY, he-lF-a-kal-le. ad. From the rising of this star, not cosmieally, that is. with the sun, but heliacalhj , that is, its emersion from the rays of the sun, the ancients computed their canicular days. Dryden.. HELICAL, hel'-e-kal. a. [&<|.] Spiral; with many circumvolutions. Wilkhis. HE'LING*, heMmg. n. s. The covering of a roof of a building. See Hilling. HE'LIOD Parabola, in malhematicks, or the para- bolick spiral, is a curve which rises from the sup position of the axis of the common Apollonian para bola's being bent round into the periphery of a cit cle, and is a line then passing through tire exlrenu 460 HEL HEM -n6, mSve, n6r, nSt ; — tube, tub, bull j — 671 ; — pSimd ; — thin, THis. ties of the ordinates, which now converge towards the centre of the said circle. Han-is. HELIOCE'NTRICK, he-le-6-sen'-tr?k. a. [5}A l0ff and Kivrpov.] The heliocentrick place of a planet is said to be such as it would appear to us from the sun, if our eve were fixed in its centre. Han-is. HELIO'METER*, he-le-6m'-e-tur. n. s. [})\io S and uirpov.] An instrument for measuring the diame- ters of the sun and moon. HELIOSCOPE, he'-le-6-sk6pe. n.s. [^ <0J and cKoirt w.l A sort of telescope fitted so as to look on the body of the sun. widiout offence to the eyes. Hari-is. HELIOTROPE, be'-lc-i-t^pe. n. s. [9,\ios and rpi- ttu.] A plant that turns towards the sun : but more particularly the turnsol or sun-flower. Gov. of tlie Tongue. A precious stone of a green colour, streaked with red veins. Sir T. Herbert. HEMISPHERICAL, he-lis-fer'-e-kal. a. [helix and sphere.] The helispherical line is the rhomb line in navigation. Han-is. HELIX §, he'-llks. n.s. p?At|.] Part of a spiral line ; a circumvolution. Wilkins. HELL §, hel. n. s. [helle, Sax.] The place of the devil and wicked souls. Milton. The place of sep- arate souls, whether good or bad. Apostles' Creed. Temporal death. Psalm xviii. The place at a running play to which those who are caught are carried. Sidney. The place into which tlie tailor throws his shreds. King. Formerly, a dungeon in a prison. The Counter-Rat. The infernal pow- ers. Cowley. It is used in composition by the old writers more than by the modern. HELL-BLACK, heK-blak. a. Black as hell. Sliak- speare. HELL-BORN*. hel'-bSra. a. Born in hell. Spenser. HELL-BRED, hel'-bred. a. Produced in hell. Spen- ser. HELL-BREWED*, hel'-brood. a. Prepared or brewed in hell. Milton. HELL-BROTH, hel'-brotfi. n. s. A composition boil- ed up for infernal purposes. Shakspeare. HELL-CAT*, hel'-kat. n. s. Formerly, a witch 5 a hag. Middleton. HELL-CONFOUNDING*, hel'-k6n-found'-?ng. a. Vanquishing the power of hell. Beaun ont. HELL-DOOMED, hel'-doomd. a. Consigned to hell. Milton. HELL-GOVERNED, hel'-guv-ernd. a. Directed by hell. Shakspeare. HELL-HAG*, hel'-hag. n. s. A hag of hell. Bp. Richardson. HELL-HATED, hel'-ba-tecl. a. Abhorred like hell. Shakspeare. HELL-HAUNTED, hel'-hant-ed. a. Haunted by the devil. Dry den. HELL-HOUND, hel'-hound. n. s. [hell-hunb, Sax.] Dog of hell. Sliak. Agent of hell. Milton. A prof- ligate person. Beaumont and Fletcher. HELL-KITE, hel'-kite. n. s. Kite of infernal breed. Shakspeare. HELLEBORE §, hel'-le-b6re. n. s. [hellebonts, Lat.] Christmas flower. HELLEBORE, White, n. s. A plant. Miller. HELLEBORISM*, hel'-le-b6-rfzm. n. s. A medi- cinal preparation of hellebore. Ferrancl. HELLENICK*, helMe-mk. a. [AA^^s.] Gre- cian 3 heathen. Milton. HELLENISM §, hel'-le-n?zm. n.s. [i\\r,n^bs.] A Greek idiom. Addison. HELLENIST*, hel'-le-nlst. n. s. [AA^crrfc.] A Grecianizing jew. Gregory. Any one skilled in the Greek language. Dalgarno. HELLENFSTICAL*, hel-le-inV-te-kal. a. Relating to the language of the Grecianizing Jews. Fell. HELLENfSTlCALLY* hel-le-nls'-te-kal-le. ad. According to the hellenistical dialect. Gregory. To HELLENIZE*, helMe-nlze. v. n. [iAAT/^a).] To use the Greek language. Hammond. HELL1ER*, hel'-l6-ur. n.s. [from hele.] A slater 3 a tiler. Apt. Usher. HELLISH, hel'-lisb. a. Sent from hell 3 belonging to hell. Sidney. Having the qualities of hell 3 in fernal ; wicked ; detestable. South. HELLISHLY, hel'-lish-le. ad. Lifemally 5 wicked lyj detestably. Bp. Barlow. Hfi'LLISHNESS, hel'-llsh-nes. n.s. Wickedness; abhorred qualities. HELLWARD, hel'-ward. ad. Toward hell. Pope HELLY*, hel'-le. a. Having the qualities of hell Anderson. HELM denotes defence : as, Eadlielm. happy de- fence. Gibson. HELM §, helm. n. s. [hialmr, Icel.] A covering foi the head in war. Sha/c. The part of a coat of arms that bears the crest. Camden. The upper part of the retort. Boyle, [helma, Sax.] The steerage, the upper part of the rudder. B. Jonson. The sta- tion of government. Siri/t. To HELM, helm. v. a. To guide ; to conduct. Sliak, HELMED, helm'd. 359. a. Furnished with a head- piece. Milton. HELMET, hel'-mft. 99. n.s. A helm 5 a headpiece. Sfiakspeare. HELMETED*, hel'-met-eU a. Wearing a helmet. Beawnont ccnd Fletcher. HELMPNTHICK, hel-mnV-tftfk. a. [gfyfrflos.] Re- lating to worms. Diet. HELMSMAN*, helmz'-man. n. s. He who manages the rudder of a vessel. HELMWIND*, helm'-wlnd. n. s. A particular kind of wind in some of the mountainous parts of Eng- land. Burn. HELOT*, hel'-fit. n. s. [Helotes, Lat. from Helos, a Laconian town, conquered by the Spartans, who made all the prisoners slaves.] A slave. Bp.Wren. To HELP §, help. v. a. preter. helped, or holp ; part. helped, or holpen. [helpan, Sax.] To assist 3 to sup- port 3 to aid. Fairfax. To raise by help. Eccl. iv. To enable to surmount. Locke. To remove by help. Locke. To free from pain or vexation. Locke. To cure 3 to heal. Shak. To remedy ; to change for the better. Shak. To prevent ; to hinder. Swift. To forbear; to avoid. Atterbury. To promote 3 to forward. Zech. — To help to. To supply with. 1 Mace. viii. To present at table. Pope. To HELP, help. v. n. To contribute assistance. Ba- con. To bring a supply. Rymer. HELP, help. n. s. Assistance 3 aid 5 support 5 suc- cour. Knolks. That which gives help. Wilkms. That which forwards or promotes. Bacon. Reme- dy. Holder. HELPER, help'-ur. 98. n.s. An assistant; an auxilia- ry. 2 Kings. One that administers remedy. More One that supplies with any thing wanted. Shak A supernumerary servant. Swift. HELPFUL, help'-ful. a. Useful that gives assist ance. Shak. Wholesome ; salutary. Rakish. HELPFULNESS*, help'-ful-nes. n.s. Assistance" usefulness. Milton. HELPLESS, help'-l^s. a. Wanting power to sue cour one ? s self. Dryden. Wanting support or assist- ance. Pope. Irremediable 3 admitting no help. Spenser. Unsupplied.3 void. Dryden. HELPLESSLY, belp'-lgs-le. ad. Without ability without succour. Kyd. HELPLESSNESS, help'-les-nes. n. s. Want of abilitv; want of succour. Dr. Warton. HELPMATE* help'-mate. n. s. A companion 5 an assistant. HELTER-SKELTER, hel'-tur-skel'-tur. ad. [hal ter, to hang, and kelter, order, i. e. hang order.] In a huny ; without order ; tumuHuously. Shak. HELVES, helv. n.s. [helpe, Sax.] The handle ol an axe. Devi. xix. To HELVE, helv. v. a. To fit with a helve. Cot grave. HEM*, hfon. pron. [heom, Sax.] Them. Spenser. HEM§, hem. n. s. [hem, Sax.] The edge of a gar meat doubled and sewed, to keep the threaas from spreading. Wiseman, [hemmen, Dutch.] The noise uttered by a sudden and violent expiration ol the breathy Addison. Interject. Hem ! [Lat.] Shak To HEM, hem. v. a. To close the edge of cloth by a 461 HEN HER 0= 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— hem or double border sewed together. Spenser. To border ; to edge. Spenser. To enclose j to en- viron ; to confine ; to shut. Sidney. To HEM, hem. v. n. [hemmen, Dutch.] To utter a noise by violent expulsion of the breath. Shak. HEMEROBATTISTS*, hem'-e-r6-bap'-t?sts. n. s. [Ijfxipa and ^dzru).] A sect among the ancient Jews, who bathed every day, in all seasons. Fulke. HEMI*, heW-e. A worcl often used in composition, signifying half; an abbreviation of the Greek HEMICRANY, hem'-e-kra-ne. n. s. [^/xiav and Kpd- viov.] A pain that affects only one part of the head at a time. Quincy. HEMICYCLE, hem'-e-sl-kl. n.s. [^fcujcXo*.] A half round. B. Jonson. HEMINA, hem'-e-na. n. s. An ancient measure : now used in medicine to signify about ten ounces in measure. Quincy. HE MIPLEGY, hem'-e-phld-je. n. s. [h^v and 7rX//a-o-w.] A palsy, or any nervous affection, that seizes one side at a time. HEMISPHERES, henV-e-sfere. n.s. [faiccpdiplov.] The half of a globe when it is supposed to be cut through its centre in the plane of one of its greatest circles. Milton. HEMISPHERICAL, hem-e-sfeV-lk-al. 509. ? HEMISPHE'RICK, bem-e-sfeV-lk. $ °" Half round; containing half a globe. Boyle. HEMISTICH S, or HEMISTICK §, he-m?s'-flk. 509. [he-imV-rfk, Sheridan and Jones : hem'-fs-tfk, Perry. .] n.s. [rjunariyiov.'] Haifa verse. Dryden. HEMISTICH A L*, he-mis'-te-kal. a. Denoting a division of the verse. Warton. I [E'MLGCK, hemM6k. n. s. [hemleac, Sax.] An herb. Miller. HEMORRHAGE, hem'-o-radje. )n. s. [aWohha- HEMORRHAGY, hem'-o-ra-je. \ y*«-] A violent flux of blood. Ray. HEMORRHOIDS §, hem'-&r-r61dz. n.s. [a^o'p- poi5£s.~\ The piles ; the emerods. Swift. HEMORRHOIDAL, hem-dr-rold'-al. a. Belonging to the veins in the fundament. Ray. HEMPS, hemp. n.s. [haenep, Sax.] A fibrous plant of which coarse linen and ropes are made. Miller. HEMP Agrimony, n. s. A plant. Miller. HEMPEN, hen/-p 7 n. 103. a. Made of hemp. Spenser. HEMPY*, hem'-p^. a. Resembling hemp. Howell. HENS, hen. n.s. [henne, Sax.] The female of a house-cock. Dryden. The female of any land- fowl. Bacon. HEN-COOP*, hen'-koSp. n. s. A cage in which poultrv are kept. HEN-DRIVER, hen'-drl-vur. n.s. A kind of hawk. Walton. HEN-HARM, hen'-harm. )n.s. A kind of HEN-HARRIER, hen'-har-re-ur. \ kite. Ains- icorth. HEN-HEARTED, hen'-har-tgd. a. Dastardly ; cow- ardly. Gauf.on. HEN-HOUSE*, heV-hSus. n.s. A place for shelter- ing poultry. HEN-PECKED, hen'-pekt. 359. a. Governed by the wife. Dryden. HEN-ROOST, heV-roost. n.s. The place where the poultry roost. Swift. ME NBANE, heV-bane. n. s. A plant. Miller. HF/NRIT, heV-bft. n. s. A plant. Derham. HENCE S, hense. aoL or interj. [heonan, Sax. liennes, old English.] From this place to another. Sliak. Away to a distance. Milton. At a distance ; in other places. Shak. From this time ; in the future. Locke. For this reason; inconsequence of this. Tillo'son. From this cause ; from this ground. Ar- buthnot. From this source; from this original; from this store. Suckling. — From hence is a vicious expression. Hence signifies from this. To HENCE, hense. v.a. To send off; to despatch to a distance. Sidney. Ob. J. HENCEFO'RTH, hense ; -f6r^.. ad. [henonpop'S, ■Sax.] From this time forward. Milton. HENCEFO'RWARD, hense-fcV-ward. ad. From this time to futurity. Sliakspeare. HE'NCHMAN, hensh'-man. n. s. [hyne, or hme. Sax. and man.'] A page ; an attendant. Chaucer Ob. J. b ' HEND*, hend. ; a. [hean, Sax.] Gentle. Chan HE'NDY* hen'-de. \ cer. Ob. T. To HEND, hend. v.a. [henban, Sax.] To seize to lay hold on. Fairfax. To crowd ; to surround. Sliakspeare. HENDE'CAGON, hen-deV-a-g&n. n. s. [hScKa and ywvia.] A figure of eleven sides or angles. HENDECASY'LLABLE*, hen-dek-a-sil'-la-bl. n.s \ev6tKa and Vra and ^o^j}.] Anciently, a musical instrument of seven strings ; as, the lyre ; a poetical composition played or sung on seven different notes or sounds. HE'PTAGON §, hep'-ta-gon. n - s - [¥?* and ywia.] A figure with seven sides or angles. HEPT A'GONAL, hep-tag / -6-nah a. Having seven angles or sides. Selden. HEPTAMEREDE*, hep-uW-e-reed. n. s. [lirrdi and uepk-] That which divides into seven parts. A. Smith. HEPTARCHICK* hen-tar'-kik. a. Denoting a sevenfold government. Warton. HE'PTARCHIST*, hep'-tar-kfst. n. s. He who rules one of the divisions of a sevenfold government Warton. HETTARCHY §, hep'-tar-ke. n. s. |>ra and dp X f h ] A sevenfold government. Camden. HETTATEUCH*, hep'-ta-tuke. n.s. [2- T d and ro- of.] A term applied to the first seven books of the Id Testament. HER S, hur. 98. pron. [hepa, hep., Sax.] Belonging to a female; of a she; of a woman. Cowley. The oblique case of she. Sliakspeare. HER'S, hurz. pronoun. This is used when it refers to a substantive going before ; as, such are her charms, such charms are her's. Sliakspeare. HE RALD S, her'-ald. n. s. [herault, Fr.] An officer whose business it is to register genealogies, adjust ensigns armorial, regulate funerals, and, anciently, to carry messages between princes, and proclaim war and peace. B. Jonson. A precursor ; a fore- runner; a harbinger. Shak. A proclaimer; a publisher. Sliakspeare. To HE'RALD^eV-ald. v. a. To introduce as by a herald. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. HERA'LDICK*, he-ral'-dlk. a. Denoting genealo gy; relating to heraldry. Warton. HERALDRY, heV-al-dre. n. s. The art or office of a herald. Peacliam. Registry of genealogies. Denham,. Blazonry. Cleaveland. HE'RALDSHIP* heV-ald-shlp. n. s. The office of a herald. Selden. HERBS, £rb. 394. n. s. [herba, Lat.] Herbs are those plants whose stalks are soft, and have nothing woody in them ; as grass and hemlock. Locke, tgr I have differed from Mr. Sheridan by suppressing the sound of the h in this word, and its compound herbage ; and have Mr. Nares, Mr. Perry, and W. Johnston, on my side. W. HERB Christopher, or Bane-berries, n. s. A plant. HERBACEOUS, her-ba'-shus. 357. a. Belonging to herbs. Brown. Feeding on vegetables. Der~ ham. 462 s HER HER — n6, move, n3r, n&t ; — ti'jbe, tftb. bull; — 6?) ; — p6&nd; — th'm, THis. HE RBAGE, er'-bldje. 90, 394. n. s. [herbage, Fr.] Herbs, collectively ; grass ; pasture. Dryden. The tithe and the right of pasture. Ainsworth. HE'RBAGED*, er'-b'idj'd. a. Covered with grass. Tlwmson HE'RBAL, heV-bal. n. s. A book containing the names and description of plants. Bacon. HE'RBAL*,her'-bal. a. Pertaining to herbs. Quarles. HERBALIST, her'-ba-llst. n. s. A man skilled in herbs. Burton. HE'RBAR, her' -bar. n. s. Herb ; plant. Spenser. HE'RBARIST, her'-ba-rfst. n. s. [lierbarius, Lai.] One skilled in herbs. Boyle. To HE'RBARIZE*, her'-ba-rlze. v. n. [herboriser, Fr.] To go about gathering medicinal herbs. Soame. HE RBARY* heV-ba-re. n. s. A garden of herbs. • Warton. HE'RBELET, her'-be-let. n. s. A small herb. Shak. HE'RBER*, heT'-bfir. n. s. See Herbary. For- merly an arbour. Chaucer. HERBE'SCENT, her-beV-sent. 510. a. [Iwrhescens, Lat.] Growing into herbs. HE'RBID, her'-bid. a. [herbidus, Lat.] Covered with herbs. HE'REIST# heV-bist. n. s. One skilled in herbs. Shericood. HE'RBLESS*, erb'-le? a. Having no herbs ; bare. Jos. Warton. HE'RBORIST, heV-bo-rfst. n. s. One curious in herbs. Ray. HERBORIZA'TION* her-bo-re-za'-sbun. n.s. [Fr.] The appearance of plants in fossils. Maty. HE'RBOUR*. See Harbour. HE'RBOURLESS* See Harbourless. HE'RBOROUGH, heV-bur-r6. n. s. [herberg, Germ.] Place of temporary residence. B. Jonson. HE'RBOUS, heV-bus. a. [Iierbosus, Lat.] Abounding with herbs. HF/RBULENT, her'-bu-lent. a. Containing herbs. Diet. HE'RBWOMAN, eW-wum-un. 394. n. s. A woman that sells herbs. Arbuthnot. HE'RBY, erb'-e. 394. a. Having the nature of herbs. Bacon. Full of herbs. HERCU'LEAN*, her-ku'-le-an. a. [from Herades.] Of extraordinary strength, like Hercules. B. Jon- son. Befitting Hercules ; large ; massy. Drum- mond. RERD§, herd. n. s. [heonb, henb, Sax.] A num- ber ^f beasts together. Flocks and herds are sheep and oxen or kine. Sliak. A company of men, generally in contempt or detestation. Dryden. It anciently signified a keeper of cattle, [hy rib, Sax.] A sense stiff retained in composition : as, goatherd. Spenser. To HERD, herd- v. n. To run in herds or companies. Dryden. To associate. Addison. To HERD, herd, v. a. To throw or put into a herd. B. Jonson. HE'RDESS*, her'-dgs. n. s. A shepherdess. Chau- cer. Ob. T. HF/RDGROOM, herd'-groom. n. s. A keeper of herds. Spenser. Ob. J. HE'RDMAN, herd'-man. ) 88. n. s. [heajibman. HERDSMAN, herdz'-man. $ Sax.] One employed in tending herds ; formerly, an owner of herds. Sidney. HERE§, here. ad. [hep, Sax.] In this place. Milton. In the present state. Bacon. It is used in making an offer or attempt ; as, " Then here's for earnest/' Dryden. In drinking a health. Cowley. It is oft- en opposed to there. Shakspeare. HE'REABOUT*, here'-a-bSut. )n.s. About this HE'REABOUTS, here'-a-bouts. $ place. Sliak. Addison. HE'RE AFTER, here-af-tur. ad. In time to come ; iu futurity. Shakspeare. In a future stale. Bacon. HEREA'FTER, here-af-tur. n. s. A future state. Addison. HEREA'T, here-af. ad. At this. Hooker. HEREBY 7 , here-bl'. ad. By this. Hooker. HERE'DITABLE, he-rfed'-e-ta-bl. a. [hreres, Lat.] Whatever may be occupied as inheritance. Locke HEREDITAMENT, her-e-diV-a-ment. n. s. [hce redium, Lat.] A law term denoting inheritance, Blacfcstone. OCT" I> r - Johnson and Mr. Barclay place the accent on the first syllable of this word ; Dr. Ash, Mr. Sheridan, Mr Scctt, and Entick, on the second ; and Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Bailey, on the third. The last accentuation is not only most agreeable to the best usage, and the most grateful to the ear, but seems to ac- cord better with the secondary accent of the latter Latin hareditamenta. — See Academy. W. HEREDITARILY, he-red'-e-ta-re-le. ad. By in herilance. Selden. HERETJITARY $, he-red'-e-ta-re. a.[hcereditarius Lat.] Possessed or claimed by right of inheritance ; descending by inheritance. Slutkspeare. HEREI'N, here-m'. ad. In this. Hooker. HEREFNTO; [here-in-tSd', Perry; here'-in-toS, Jones.! ad. Into this. Hooker. HEREOF, here-6f. [See Forthwith.] ad. From this; of this. Slutkspeare. HEREON. here-po<5n-r/.] An animal uniting two sexes> Cleaveland. HERMAPHRODFTICAL, her-inaf-fr6-dit / -e-kal. a. Partaking of both sexes. Broicn. HERMAPHRODPTICALLY*. her-maf-fr6-dlt'-e- kal-le. ad. After the manner of both sexes. Brown. HERMAPHRODFT1CK*, her-maf-fr6-dit'-?k. a. Partaking of both sexes. B. Jonson. HERME'TICAL ^her-met'-e-kal. > a. [from Hermes, HERME'TICKUigr-met'-ik^Og. S or Mercury, the imagined inventor of chymistry.] Chvmical. Quincy, HERMETICALLY, he'r-mlt'-edval-e. ad. Accord- iii£C to the hermetical or chymick art. Bentley. HE'FlMlT §, her'-mlt. n. s. [iovuir^.'] A solitary ; 463 ' HER HET QU* 569. — Fate, far, fall, fax, — me, met; — pine, pin; — an anehoiet ; one who retires from society to con- templation and devotion. Bacon. A beadsman; one bound to pray for another. Shakspeare. HERMITAGE, heV-mlt-aje. 90. n. s. [hermitage, FrJ The ceil or habitation of a hermit. Spenser. HE RMITAGE*, her'-mlt-aje. n. s. A French wine. Addison. HE'RMITARY*, her'-mlt-a-re. n. s. A religious cell annexed to some abbey. Howell. HE'RMITESS, her'-mlt-tes. n. s. A woman retired to devotion. Drummond. HERMITICAL, her-mit'-e-kal. a. Suitable to a hermit. Coventry. HE'RMODACTYL, her / -m6-dak-dl. n. s. [iprfc; and da.K7v\o$.] Hermodactyl is a root, and represents the common figure of a neart cut in two. The dried roots are a gentle purge. HERN, hern. n. s. [Contracted from Heron.] Peacham. HE RNHILL, hexn'-hlll. n.s. An herb. Aimworth. HERNIA, her'-ne-a. n.s. [Lat.] Any kind of rup- ture. Wiseman. HE RNSHAW*, hern'-shaw. n. s. A heron. Spen- ser. HE'ROy, he'-r6. n. s. [ipibg.] A man eminent for bravery. Cowley. A man of the highest class in any respect. HERO'DIANS*, he-r6'-de-anz. n. s. pi. A Jewish sect, of which mention is made in the New Testa- ment. Bp. Percy. HE'ROESS, he'-r6-&3. n.s. [7ierois,Lat.] A heroine; a female hero. Chapirum. Ob. J. HEROTCAL, he-ro'-e-kal. a. Befitting a hero ; no- ble; heroick. Sidney. HEROICALLY, he-r^-e-kal-e. ad. After the way of a hero ; suitably to a hero. Sidney. HEROTCK, he-r6 ; -lk. a. Productive of heroes. Slutk. Noble ; suitable to a hero ; brave ; mag- nanimous ; intrepid. Milton. Reciting the acts of heroes: used of poetry. Cowley. That kind of verse in which epick poems are usually com- posed. Milion. HEROICK*, he-ro'-lk. n. s. An heroick verse; which consists, in our poetry, often feet. Dry den. HEROTCKLY, he-ro'-ik-le. ad. Suitably to a hero. Milton. HEROICO'MICAL* he-r6-e-k&m'-e-kal. ) a. Con- HEROICO'MICK*, he-ro-e-kom'-lk. S sisting of a mixture of dignity and levity. Dr. Warton. HEROINE, her'-6-jn. 535. n. s. {heroine, Fr.] A fe- male hero. Dryden. HE'ROISM, her'-o-izm. 535. n. s. [lieroisme, Fr.] The qualities or character of a hero. Broome. HE'RON §, her'-un. 166. n. s. [Jieron, Fr.] A bird that feeds upon fish. Sidney. HERONRY, heV-un-re. 166. n. s. A place where herons breed. Derham. HE'ROSHIP*, he'-ro-shrp. n. s. The character of a htero, jocularly speaking. Cowper. HETlPESy, heV-pfz. n.s. [eprrrjg.] A cutaneous in- flammation. Quincy. HfiyRPETJCK*, her'-pe-tik. a. [*pwr 0? .] Creeping: a modern word applied to the eruptions occasioned by the disease lierpcs. HERRICA'NO*. See Hurricane. HERRlNG, her'-ring. n. s. [hepin£,Sax.] A small sea fish. Careic. HERRNHU'TER*, hern-hut'-tur. n. s. [from the German hitih des herrn, the assumed name of the habitation of the original Herrnhuters.] One of a fanatical sect, established by Nicholas Lewis, Count of Zinzendorf, called also Moravians. Rimius. HERS, hSrz .pron. The female possessive. See Her. HE'RSAL*. See Hearsel. HERSE 6, h§rse. n. s. [hersia, low Lat.] [See Hearse.] A temporary monument raised over a grave. A grave; a coffin. The carriage in which corpses are drawn to the grave. Pope, [fierce, French.] A kind of portcullis, in fortification. To HERSE, herse. v. a. To put into a herse. Cliapman. HE'RSELF, hfir-self. pronoun. A female individu- al, as distinguished from others. Sha/c. Being in her own power; mistress of her own thoughts. Dryden. The oblique case of the reciprocal pro noun ; as. she hurt herself. Exodus. HERSELIKE, herse'-like. a. Funereal ; suitable to funerals. To HE'RY, he'-re. v. a. [hepian, Sax.] To hallow . to regard as holy. Spe?iser. Ob. J. HE S1TANCY, hez'-e-tan-se. n. s. Dubiousness ; uncertainty; suspense. Boyle. To HE'SLTATE §, hez'-e-tate. v. n. [hcesito, Lat.] To be doubtful ; to delay ; to pause. Pope. HESITATION , hez-e-uV-shun. n. s. Doubt; un- certainty; difficulty made. Woodward. Inter mission of speech; want of volubility. Swift. HE'SKY*. See Husky. HEST, h£st. n.s. [heefc. Sax.] Command; precept; injunction. Spenser. Ob. J. HE'STERN*. See Yester. HE'TERARCHY*, heV-e-rar-ke. n. s. [iripog and apx.fi-] The government of an alien. Bp. Hall. HETEROCLTTE §, het'-er-o-kllte. 156. n. s. [hetero clitum, Lat.] Such nouns as vary from the com mon forms of declension. Clarke. Any thing oi person deviating from the common rule. Burton. 3^= Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, Bu- chanan, Barclay, and Bailey, unite in placing the ac- cent on the first syllable uf this word: Entick alone places it on the third. Mr. Sheridan and Buchanan place an accent also on the last syllable, and make the i long ; while Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry make it short. That the accent ought to be on the first syllable, cannot be doubted, when we consider how uniformly we remove the accent higher when we anglicise Latin words by shortening them : and though the i in these terminations is rather ambiguous, 156, it certainly inclines to the long sound, which Mr. Sheridan and Buchanan have given it. — See Academv and Incomparable. W. HE'TEROCLITE*, heV-e-r6-kllte. a. Denoting nouns varying from the common forms of declen- sion. Watts. Deviating from common rules; singular. Orrery. HETEROCLl'TlCAL, hel-er-ro-khV-e-kal. a. De- viating from the common rule. Brown. HETERO'CLITOUS*, het-e-rok'-le-tfis. a. Vary- ing from grammatical declension. Sir W. Petty. HETERODOX §, het'-er-6-doks. a. [hcpog and <5d£a.] Deviating from the established opinion; not orthodox. Locke. HETERODOX, het'-e-r6-doks. n. s. An opinion peculiar. Brown. HE'TERODOXY* heV-e-ro-dok-se. n. s. The qual- ity of being heterodox. Bp. Bull. HE'TEROGENEy*, heV-e-r6-jene. a. [irtoos and yivog.] Not of the same kind ; dissimilar. B. Jon- son. HETEROGE'NEAL, het-er-6-je'-ne-al. a. Not of the same nature, not kindred. Bacon. HETEROGENETTY^et-^r-i-je-ne'-e-te.n. s. Op- position of nature ; contrariety or dissimilitude of qualities. Opposite or dissimilar part. Boyle. HETEROGENEOUS, h&-er-6-je'-ne-us. a. Not kindred ; opposite or dissimilar in nature. Wallis. 3^f" There is an affected pronunciation of this and the two preceding words, which, contrary to our own anal- ogy, preserves the g hard. The plea is. that these words are derived from the Greek, which always pre- served the gamma hard. To produce this reason is to expose it. What would become of our language, if every word from the Greek and Latin, that had g in it, were so pronounced? What is most to be regretted is, that men of learning sometimes join in these pedan- tick deviations, which are only worthy of the lowest or- der of critical coxcombs. — See Gymnastics. W. HETEROGE'NEOUSNESS*, hgt-gr-6-je / -ne-us- ne\s. n.s. Dissimilitude in nature; contrariety of parts. Ash. „ HETERO'SCIANy*, het-e-r6sh'-e-an. a. [tripos and c>da.] Having the shadow only one way Gregory. HETERO'SCIANS, het-e-rosh'-e-ans. n. s. Those whose shadows fall only one way, as the shadows HIC HIE -no, move, n5r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 651 ;— pound ;— tfiin, this. of us, who live north of the tropick, fall at noon al- ways to the north. To HEW $, hu. v. a. part, hewn or heioed. [heapan, Sax.] To cut by blows with an edged instrument ; to hack. Spenser. To chop ; to cut. Dryden. To cut, as with an axe. Shak. To form or shape with an axe. Isa. xxii. To form laboriously. Dryden. HEW*, hu. n. s. Destruction by cutting down. Spen- ser. Colour. See Hue. HE'WER, hu'-ur. 98. n. s. One whose employment is to cut wood or stone. Devi. xxix. HE'XACHORD*, heks'-a-kdrd. n.s. [2£ and yo^.] [In musick.] A concord, commonly called a sixth. HEXAE'DRON*,heks-a-e'-dron. n.s. [!£ and Upa.] [In geometry.] A cube. HE'XAGON §,Mks'-a-g6n. 166. n.s. [/£ and ywvia.] A figure of six sides or angles : the most capacious of all the figures that can be added to each other without any interstice ; and therefore the cells in honeycombs are of that form. HEXA GONAL, hegz-ag'-6-nal. 473. a. Having six sides or corners. Brown. HEXA'GONY, hegz-ag'-o-ne. 48. n.s. A figure of six angles. Bp. Bramhall. HEXA'METERy, hegz-am'-e-t&r. 518. n.s. [?| and fiirpov.] A verse of six feet. Dryden. HEXAMETER*, hegz-am'-e-tur. a. Having six metrical feet. Dr. Warton. HEXAME TRICAL*, heks-a-met'-re-kal. ) a. Con- HEXA'METRICK*, hegz-am'-e-trlk. 5 sisting of hexameters. Warton. HE / XAPEDE*,hgks / -a-peed.tt.s. [g|, Gr. and pedes, Lat.] A fathom. Cockeram. HEXA'NGULAR, hegz-ang'-u-lar. a. fi& Gr. and angidus, Lat.] Having six corners. Woodward. HE'XAPOD, heW-a-pod. n.s. [if and n68e S .] An animal with six feet. Ray. HEXA'STICK, hegz-as'-flk. 509. n. s. [?| and cri- X°s-] A poem of six lines. Selden. HEXASTYLE*, heks'-a-stlle. n. s. [If and crtXos.] [In architecture.] A building with six columns in front. HEY, ha. interj. [from high.] An expression of joy, or mutual exhortation. Prim: HEY*. See under Hay, To dance tlve hay, and also Heydeguy. HE YD AY, ha'-da. interj. [for high day.'] An ex- pression of frolick and exultation. Hudibras. HEYDAY, h-d'-da. 269. n. s. A frolick ; wildness. Shakspeare. HE'YDEGUY, ha/-de-gl. n. s. [perhaps from hey- day and guise.] A kind of dance ; a country-dance, or round. Spenser. Ob. J. HE'YWARD*. See Hay ward. HIA'TION, hl-a'-shun. n. s. [hio, Lat.] The act of gaping. Brown. HIA'TUS, hl-a/-tus. n. s. [hiatus, Lat.] An aperture ; a gaping breach. Woodward. The opening of the mouth by the succession of an initial to a final vowel. Pope. HIBE RNAL, hl-ber'-nal. a. [hibernus, Lat.] Be- longing to the winter. Brown. HIBERNIAN §*, hl-ber'-ne-an. n.s. [Hibernia, the Latin name of Ireland.] An Irishman. Campbell. HIBE'RNIAN*, hi-beV-ne-an. a. Relating to Ire- land. HIBE'RNICISM*, hl-beV-ne-s?zm. n. s. A mode of speech peculiar to natives of Ireland. HICCIUS DOCTIUS, hik'-shus-dok'-shus. n. s. [corrupted from hie est doctus.] A cant word for a juggler; one that plays fast and loose. Hudibras. HFCCOUGHy, hlV-kfip, or hfk'-kof. n.s. [hicka, Su. Goth.] A convulsion of the stomach producing sobs. Wiseman. &5= Thi3 is one of those words which seems to have been corrupted by a laudable intention of bringing it nearer to its original. The convulsive sob was supposed to be a species of cough ; but neither Junius nor Skinner mention any such derivation, and botli suppose it formed from the sound it occasions. Accordingly we find, though hiccough is the most general orthography, hic- kup is the most usual pronunciation. Thus Butler: — " Quoth he ; to bid me not to love " Is to forbid my pulse to move, " My beard to grow, n;y ears to prick np, " Or, when I'm in a fit to hickup." W To HFCCOUGH, luV-kup. v. n. To sob with con- vulsion of the stomach. To HFCKUP, hlk'-kup. v. n. [corrupted from hie, cough.] To sob with a convulsed stomach. Hudif* HFCKWALL, hlk'-wall. ; . . . , -,, , HI'CK W AY, hlk'-wa. \ n ' s - A bird - Chambers HID, hid. I J -,., HFDDEN, h?d'-dn. \P*rt.pass. of hide. HFDDENLY*, Md'-dn-le. ad. Privily j secretly Cotgrave. HFDAGE* hl'-dfdje. n s. A tax formerly laid on every hide of land. HIDALGO*, he-d&Y-gb. n.s. [Spanish.] One of noble birth. Terry. To HIDE§, hide. v. a. preter. hid ; part. pass, hid or hidden, [hi ban, Sax.] To conceal; to withhold or withdraw from sight or knowledge. Shakspeare. To HIDE, hide. v. n. To lie hid ; to be concealed. Pope. HIDE and SEEK, hide-and-seek. n.s. A play in which some hide themselves, and another seeks them. Swift. HIDEy, hide. n.s. [hybe, Sax.] The skin of any animal, either raw or dressed. Dryden. The hu- man skin, in contempt. Shak. [hide, hyde, Fr.J A certain quantity of land. Woiion. HIDEBOUND, hlde'-b&find. a. A horse is said to be hidebound when his skin sticks so hard to his ribs and back, that you cannot with your hand pull up, or loosen, the one from the other. Farrier's Diet. In trees : being in the state in which the bark will not give way to the growth. Bacon. Harsh ; untractable. Milion. Niggardly ; penu- rious. Stafford. HFDEOUSy, hld'-e-us, or hld'-je-fis. 293. a. [hideiix, Fr.] Horrible ; dreadful ; shocking. Sidney. De- testable. Spenser. HFDEOUSLY, hld'-e-fis-le. ad. Horribly ; dread- -fully ; in a manner that shocks. Shakspea?-e. HFDEOUSNESS, hfd'-e-us-n^s. n. s. Horribleness ; dreadfulness ; terrour. Shakspeare. HFDER, hl'-dur. 98. n.s. He that hides. Sherwood. HFDING*, hi'-dmg. n.s. Concealment. Habak. iii. HIDING-PLACE*, hl'-ding-plase. n.s. A place of concealment. Shuckford. To HIE y, hi. v. n. [hi5 , an,hi£ian, Sax.] To hasten j to go in haste. Spenser. HIE*, hi. n. s. Haste ; diligence. Chaucer. HIERARCHY, hl'-e-rark. n.s. \itpo% and a 9X v-\ The chief of a sacred order. Milton. The chief of any establishment. Coventry. HIERA'RCHAL*, hl-e-rar'-kal. a. Belonging to sa- cred government. Milton. HIERARCHICAL, hl-e-rar'-ke-kal. a. Belonging to sacred or ecclesiastical government. Abp. San- croft. HFERARCHY, hl'-e-rar-ke. n.s. A sacred govern- ment ; rank or subordination of holy beings. Fair fax. Ecclesiastical establishment. Bacon. HFEROGLYPHy, hl'-e-ri-gllf. ?n.s. [kpos HIEROGLYTHICK^hl-e-^-guY'-lk. $ and y\v .] An emblem ; a figure by which a word was implied, and used before the alphabet was invent- ed. Sir G. Buck. The art of writing in picture Swift. HIEROGLY'PHICAL, hl-e-r6-glif-e-kal. > HIEROGLY'PHICK, hl-e-r6-glif-ik. $ ' a ' Emblematical ; expressive of some meaning be yond what immediately appears. Sandys. HIEROGLYTHICALLY, hl-e-r6-gllf -e-kal-e. ad. Emblematically. HFEROGRAMy* hl'-e-ro-gram. n.s. [hp&s and ypduua.] A kind of sacred writing. H1EROGRAMMATICK*, hl-e-ro-gram'-ma-fik. a. Expressive of holv writing. Astle. HIEROGRA'MMATIST*, hl-e-r6-gram'-ma-t?si- n. s. [hpoypannarsvs-] A writer of hieroglyphicks Greenhill. 465 HIG HIG 03= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pin ;- HIEROGRA'PHICAL* hi-e-rd-ffraP -e-kah ) HIEROGRATHICK*, hi-e-r6-$?af-ik. \ a ' Denoting sacred writing. Asm. HIERO / GRAPHY§,hl-e-rog'-graf-e. 518. n.s. [Ufo and ypd Estrange. HIGH-FLAMING, hP-flame-lng. a. Throwing the flame to a great height. Pope. HIGH-FLIER, hl'-fll-'fir. n.s. One that carries his opinions to extravagance. Swift. HIGH-FLOWN, hl'-fl6ne. a. Elevated; proud Denham. Turgid ; extravagant. L' Estrange. HIGH-FLUSHED*, hP-fl&sht a. Elevated; elated Young. HIGH-FLYING, hP-fll-Lig. a. Extravagant in claims or opinions. Dryden. HIGH-GAZING*, hi'-ga-zmg. a. Looking upwards. More. HIGH-GOING*, hP-go-ing. a. Going or moving at a great rate. Massinger. HIGH-GROWN*, hP-gr6ne. a. Having the crop grown to considerable height. Shakspeare. HIGH-HEAPED, hP-hept. a. Covered with high piles. Pope. Raised into high piles. Pope. HIGH-HEARTED*, hP-hlrt-eU a. Full of heart or courage. Beaumont and Fktclier. HIGH-HEELED, hP-heeld. a. Having the heel of the shoe much raised. Swift. HIGH-HUNG, hP-hung. a. Hung aloft. Dryden. HIGH-METTLED, hi'-met-tld. a. Proud or 'ardent of spirit. Garth. HIGH-MINDED, hF-mind-eU a. Proud; arrogant. Rom. xi. HIGH-PLACED*, hP-plaste. a. Elevated in situa- tion or rank. Shakspeare. HIGH-PRINCIPLED, hP-prln'-se-pld. a. Extrava- gant in notions of politicks. Swift. HIGH-RAISED*, hP-razd. a. Raised aloft. Dryden. Raised with great conceptions. Milton. HIGH-REACHING*, hP-reetsh-lng. a. Reaching upwards. Milton. Ambitious; aspiring. Shak. HIGH-REARED*, hP-reerd. a. Of lofty structure. Shakspeare. HIGH-RED, hl'-red. a. Deeply red. Boyle. HIGH-REPENTED*, hP-re-pent'-eU a. Repented of to the utmost. Shakspeare. HIGH-RESOLVED*, hP-re-z6lvd'. a. Resolute. Titus Andronicus. HIGH-ROOFED*, hP-r66ft. a. Having a lofty roof. Milton. HIGH-SEASONED, hP-se'-znd. a. Piquant to the palate. Locke. HIGH-SEATED*, hP-seeP-eU a. Fixed above. Milton. HIGH-SIGHTED, hP-slte'-eU a. Always looking upwards. ShaJcspeare. HIGH-SPIRITED, hP-splr'-n-gd. a. Bold; daring, insolent. HIGH-STOMACHED, hP-suW-akt. a. Obstinate ; lofty. Shakspeare. HIGH-SWELLING*, hP-swel'-lmg. a. Swelling to a great height. P. Fletcher. HIGH-SWOLN*, hP-sw6ln. a. Swoln to the utmost. Shakspeare. HIGH-TASTED, hP-las'-uM. a. Gustful ; piquant. Denham. HIGH-TOWERED*, hP-t6iV-urd. a. Having lofty towers. Milton. HIGH-VICED ; hl'-vlst. a. Enormously wicked. Shakspeare. HIGH-WROUGHT, hP-rawt. a. Agitated to the utmost. Shak. Accurately finished; nobly la- boured. Pope. HFGHLANDS, hP-land. n.s. [high and land.} Mountainous region. Milton. HIGHLANDER, hP-land-fir. n. s. An inhabitant of mountains ; a mountaineer. Addison. {t5= We sometimes hear a most absurd pronunciation of this word, taken from the Scotch, as if written Heeland- er. It is curious to observe, that, while the Scotch are endeavouring to leave their own pronunciation and adopt that of the English, there are some English so capricious as to quit their own pronunciation, and adopt that which the Scotch strive carefully to avoid. TV. HFGHLANDISH*, hP-land-lsh. a. Denoting a mountainous country. Drummond. HFGHLY, hP-le. ad. With elevation as to place and situation; aloft. In a great degree. Addison. Proudly; arrogantly; ambitiously. SJiak. With esteem'; with estimation. Romans, xii. HFGHMOST, hl'-m6st. a. Highest; topmost. Sliak. HFGHNESS. hP-nGs. n. s. Elevation above the sur- 466 HIN HIR -no, m6ve, nor, not} — lube, tfib, bull;— oil;— pfiiind;— tli'm, tu\s. face; loftiness. The title of princes, anciently of kings. Shale. Dignity of nature ; supremacy. Job,xxx'\. Excellence ; value. Howell. HIGHT, hlte. An imperfect verb, [hatean, Sax.] Is called; is named; am named. Chaucer. To be called. Chaucer. Was named ; was called. Spen- ser. Called ; named. Spe?iser. Ob. J. Tc HIGHT*. hlte. v. a. [hatan, Sax.] To promise. Chaucer. To intrust. Spenser. To command ; to direct. Spenser. On HIGHT*, hlte. ad. Aloud. Spenser. HIGHTH*. [See Height.] n. s. [hih», Sax.] Height. Milton. HIGHWA'TER, hl'-wa-lur. n. s. [high and water.] The utmost flow of the tide. Mortimer. HIGHWA'Y, hl-wa'. n. s. [high and way.] Great road; publick path. Spenser. Figuratively, a train of action with apparent consequence. Child. HIGHWAYMAN, hl'-wa-man. 83. n.s. A robber that plunders on the publick roads. Bentley. HPGLAPER, hlgMa-pur. n.s. An herb. Ainsworth. To HFLARATES*, hll'-a-rate. v. a. To make mer- ry. Cockeram. HILA'RITY. he-lar'-e-te. n. s. [hilaritas, Lat.] Merriment ; gayety. Brown. HFLARY Term*. The term which begins on the twenty-third of January : Terminus Sancti Hilarii. Camel. H1LD, hlld. n. s. [hilb, SaxJ A lord or lady : so Hildebert is a noble lord ; Maihild, an heroick lady. Gibson. HFLDING, hild'-lng. n. s. [hylban, Sax.] A sorry, paltry, cowardly fellow. Shak. It is used like- wise for a mean woman. Shakspeare. HILL§, hll. n. s. [hi!, Sax.] An elevation of ground less than a mountain. Sidney. To HILL*, hll. v. a. [hilan, Sax.] To cover. Gower. HFLLED*, hilMed, or hlld. a. Having hills. Bp. Hurd. HFLLING*, hil'-lfng. n.s. A covering; as, "the hilling of a house." Prompt. Parv. An accumu- lation. Hewyt. HI'LLOCK, hfl'-l&k. n. s. A little hill. Sidney. HFLLY, hlF-le. a. Full of hills; unequal in the sur- face. Howell. Like a hill ; lofty. Beaum. and Fl. HILTS, hilt. n.s. [hilt, Sax.] The handle of any thing, particularly of a sword. Shakspeare. HFLTED*, hilt'-ed. a. Having a hilt. HIM S, him. [him, Sax.] The oblique case of he. Gen. xli. HIMSE'LF, hlm-self, pron. In the nominative, he. Baton. In ancient authors, itself. Shakspeare. In the oblique cases it has a i*eciprocal signification. 1 Sam. xx. By HIMSELF, hlm-self. Alone ; unaccompanied. 1 Kings, xviii. HIN, hln. n. s. [.p] A measure of liquids among the Jews, containing about ten pints. Exod. xxix. HINDS, hind. a. compar. hinder ; super], hindmost. [hynban, Sax.] Backward; contrary in position to the face. Ray. 05= This word, with its comparative hinder, and its su- perlative hindmost and hinder-most, are sometimes cor- ruptly pronounced with the i short, as in sinn'd ; but this is so contrary to analogy, as to deserve the atten- tion of every correct speaker. TV. HIND, hind. n. s. [hinbe, Sax.] The she to a stag. Spenser, [hine, Sax.] A servant. Shak. [hme- man.Sax.] A peasant ; a boor. Dryden. HI ND BERRIES, hlnd'-ber-riz. n. s. [hinbbepian, Sax.] Raspberries, or perhaps bramble-berries. T^HI'NDERS, h'fn'-d&r. v. a. [hinbpian, Sax.] To obstruct ; to stop ; to let ; to impede. Gen. xxiv. To I UNDER, hm'-dtir. v. n. To raise hinderances ; to cause impediment. Shakspeare. Hl'NDER, hln'-dfir. 515. a. That is in a position contrary to that of the face. Sidney. H IK DERANGE, hln'-d'ur-anse. n.s. Impediment; let 5 stop ; obstruction. Hooker. HI NDERER, hiV-dur-fir. n.s. He or that which hinders or obstructs. May. HFNDERL1NG, hmd'-ur-llng. n. s. [from hind or hinder.] A paltry, worthless, degenerate animal Callander. HFNDERMOST, hlnd'-ur-most. a. [less proper than hindmost] Hindmost; last. Genesis. HFNDMOST, hlnd'-m6st. a. The last; the lag; that which comes in the rear. Shakspeare. HINDO'O*, hln-dSS'. n. s. [Persian.] An aboriginal inhabitant of Hindostan. Halhed. HPNDRANCE*. See Hinderance. HINGE S, hinje. 74. n. s. [or hingle, from hangle o>r hang.] Joints upon which a gate or door turns Milton. The cardinal points of the world, East, West, North, and South. Milton. A governing rule or principle. Temple. — To be off the hinges. To be in a state of irregularity and disorder Til- lotson. To HINGE, hinje. v. a. To furnish with hinges. To bend as a hinge. Shakspeare. To HINGE*, hinje. v. n. To turn as upon a hinge ; to hang. To HFNNIATE*, hln'-ne-ate. ) v. n. [hinnio, Lat.] To HPNNY*, hW-ne. \ To neigh. B. Jons. To HINT S, hint. v. a. [henfcan, Sax.] To bring to mind by a slight mention or remote allusion ; to mention imperfectly. South. To HINT at. To allude to ; to touch slightly upon. Addison. HINT, hint. n.s. Faint notice given to the mind ; re- mole allusion; distant insinuation. South. Sug- gestion; intimation. Shakspeare. HIPS, hip. n. s. [hipe, Sax.] The joint of the thigh. Shakspieare. The haunch ; the flesh of the thigh. Hudibi-as. — To Imve on the hip. [A low phrase.] To have an advantage over another. Shakspeare. Hip and thigh. Complete overthrow. Judges, xv. HIP, hip. n. s. [heopa, Sax.] The fruit of the brier or the dog-rose. Spenser. To HIP, hip. v. a. To sprain or shoot the hip. Shak HIP, hip. iuterj. An exclamation, or calling to one Ainsworth. HIP-HOP, hlp-h6p. A cant word fonrod by the „ reduplication of hop. HIP, hip. I a. A corruption of hypochon- HFPPISH, hfp'-pfeh. S driack. Ainsivoiih. HFPPED*, hlpt. a. Melancholy. Green. HFPHALT*, hlp'-halt. a. [hip and halt.] I ame Gower. HFPPOCAMP*, hlp'-pi-kamp. n. s. [faTrfoaftiros ] A sea-horse. Browne. HIPPOCE'NTAUR, hlp-po-sen'-tawr. n. s. [foro- Kivravpos.] A fabulous monster, half horse and half man. Dryden. HFPPOCRASS, hlp'^-kras. n.s. [quasi vinum Hippocratis.] A medicated wine. King. HIPPO'CRATES'S .Sleeve, n.s. A woollen bag made by joining the two opposite angles of a square piece of flannel, used to strain sirups and decoctions for clarification. Quincy. HIPPO'CRATISM*, hlp-pok'-ra-tizm. n. s. [from Hippocrates.] The philosophy of Hippocrates, ap- {>lied to the science of medicine. Chambers. TPODAME*, hlp'-pi-dame. n. s. ^o-adrafiog ] A sea-horse. Spenser. HFPPODROME*, hlp'-pi-drome. n. s. [Innos and Spdfjioi.] A course for chariot and horse races, or exercises. Sir T. Herbert. HFPPOGRIFF, hV-p6-grlf. n. s. [tmros and y 9 v^.] A winged horse. Milton. HIPPOPO'TAMUS, hlp-p6-pot'-a-mus. n. s. [W $ and TroTct/jLos.] The river horse. An animal found in the Nile. HFPSHOT, hlp'-sh&t. a. [hip and shot.] Sprained or dislocated in the hip. V Estrange. HFPWORT, hlp'-wurt. n. s. A plant. Ainsicorth. HIR*. [hypa, Sax.] In our old language, is their. To HIRE S, hire. v.a. [hyrian, Sax.J To procure any thing for temporary use at a certain price. Dryden To engage a man to temporary service for wages Isaiah, xlvi. To bribe. Dryden. To engage for pay. 1 Sam. ii. To let ; to set for a time at a cer- tain price. 467 HIS HOA tCP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel j— pine, p?n ;— HIRE, hire. n. s. [hype, Sax.] Reward or recom- pense paid for the use of any thing. Wages paid tor service. Spenser. HFRELESS* hlreMes, a. Without hire ; not re- warded Davenant. HFRELING, hlre'-llng. n. s. One who serves for wages. Sandys. A mercenary 5 a prostitute. Pope. HFRELING, hlre'-llng. a. Serving for hire ; venal. Dnjden. HFRER, hlre'-ur. 98. n. s. One who uses any thing, paying a recompense ; one who employs others, paying wages. [In Scotland.] One who keeps small horses to let. HIRST*. See Hurst. HIRSUTE §, her-sute'. a. [hirsutus, L at.] Rough; rugged ; shaggy. Bacon. Of coarse manners ; of rough behaviour. Life of A. Wood. HIRSU'TENESS*, ber-sute'-nes. n.s. Hairiness. Burton. HIS, hlz. pronoun possessive, [hyr, Sax. i. e. he's.] The masculine possessive. Belonging to him that was before mentioned. Locke. Anciently, its. Shak. It is sometimes, but rarely, used as a sign of the genitive case : as, the man his ground, for the man's ground. Donne. Pope. HISPID*, hls'-pld. a. [hispidus, Lat.] Rough. More. To HISS §, hiss. v.n. [hissen, Dutch.] To utter a noise like that of a serpent and some other animals. Nor can it be pronounced without making the noise which it signifies. Ezek. xxvii. To condemn at a publick exhibition, by hissing. Sandys. To HISS, hiss. v. a. [hiycan, Sax.] To condemn by hissing ; to explode. Ecclus. xxii. To procure hisses or disgrace. Shakspeare. HISS, hiss. n.s. The voice of a serpent, and of some other animals. Milton. Censure; expression of contempt used in theatres. Milton. HFSSING*, hls'-slng. n. s. The noise of a serpent, &c. Wisdom,, xvii. An object of hisses or dis- grace. Jerem. xviii. HPSSINGLY* hls'-slng-le. ad. With whistling sound. Sherwood. HIST, hist, interj. [probably from whist, be silent ; whist, huist, hist.] An exclamation commanding si- 1 lenee, Milton. HISTO'RIAL*, hls-t6'-re-al. a. Our elder word for histoi-ical. Chaucer. HISTORIAN, hls-to'-re-an.n.s. [historicus, Lat.] A writer of facts and events ; a writer of history. Milton. HISTORICAL §, hls-tor'-lk-al. )a. Containing or HISTORICKS, hls-uV-rlk. 509. \ giving an ac- count of facts and events. Spenser. Pertaining to history or narrative. Prior. HISTORICALLY, hls-uV-lk-al-le. ad. In the man- ner of history ; by way of narration. Hooker. HPSTORIED*, h?s'-t6-rld. a. Recorded in history ; Containing history. HISTO'RIER*, hls-t6'-re-ur. n. s. An old word for an historian. MaHin. To HISTO'RIFY, hls-t&r'-e-fl. v. a. To relate; to record in history. Sidney. HISTORIOGRAPHER, hls-t

i\iu> and avdpw-os-] Love of mankind 3 goodna- ture. Spenser. PHI'LIBEG*. See Fillibeg. PHILI'PPICK $. f il-V-pik. n. s. [From the invec- tives of Demosthenes against Philip of Macedon.] Anv invective declamation. Bp. Hard. To PHI'LIPPIZE*, flF-lip-lze. v. n. To declaim against ; to utter or write invectives. Burke. PHILLYRF/A*, fil-e-re'-a. n. s. An evergreen plant. Evelyn. PHILO'LOGER, fe-lol'-tt-jur. 131. n.s. [r/, £ XAoyoj.] One whose chief study is language ; a gramma- rian 3 a critiok. Brown. PHILOLOGICAL, fil-i-lod'-ie-kal. ) a. Critical j PHILOLO'GICK*, fil-o-l&d'-jlk. $ grammatical. Watts. PHILOLOGIST, fe-loF-16-jIst. 131. n.s. A critickj a grammarian. Harris. To PHILO'LOGIZE*, i&-l&l'-16-jlze. v. n. To offer criticisms. Evelyn. PHILO'LOGY $, te-loK-16-je. 131,513. n. s. [^ t XoXo- yiaJ] Criticism ; grammatical learning. Selden. PHPEOMATH*, fiV-6-mkh. n. s. [0tXo//a0^ f .] A lover of learning ; generally used in slight con- tempt. Biblioth. Bibl. PHFLOMEL. fil'-lo-mel. ) n. s. [from Philomela, PHJLOxWE'LA, fMi-me'-la. \ changed into a bird.] The nightingale. Shakspeare. ' PHFLOMOT, fil / -6-m6t. a. [corrupted fromfeuille morte, a dead leaf.] Coloured like a dead leaf. Ad- dison. To PHILO'SOPHATE*, fe-los'-so-fate. v. n. [phi- losophaius, Lat.] To moralize 3 to play the philos- opher. Barrow. PHILOSOPHA'TION*, fe-l6s-s6-fa'-shun. n. s. Phi- losophical discussion. Sir W. Petty. PHILO SOPHEME, ffe-los'-so-ffeme. n.s. [$i\oo-6\ m ovh.~\ An inflammation ; a burning tumour. Wiseman. PHLEGMONOUS, fleg'-n^-nus. a. Inflammatory 3 burning. Harvey. PHLEME, fleme. n. s. [from phlaebotomus, Lat.] A Jleam, so it is commonly written 3 an instrument which is placed on the vein, and driven into it with a blow; particularly in bleeding of horses. PHLOGFSTICK* fl6-j?s / -tik. a. {phlogistique, Fr.] Partaking of phlogiston. Adams. PHLOGISTONS, fl6-jls / -t6n, or fl6-g?s'-t&n. 560. n. s. [(p\oyiwv V and Kd^irro).] Having the power to inflect or turn the sound, and by that to alter it. Derhutm. PHOSPHOR §, fos'-fur. 166. ? n. s. [phosphorus, PHO'SPHORUS §, ffts'-fl-rfis. $ Lat.] The morn- ing star. Pope. A chymical substance, which, ex- posed to the air, takes fire. Pemberton. PHOSPHORATED*, f&s'-fo-ra-ted. a. Impregnat- ed with phosphor. Kirwan. PHOTOMETER*, f6-t6m'-e-t&r. n. s. fyffis and lii-pov.~] An instrument which measures light. Dr. Garnett. PHRASE §, fraze. n. s. [ PHYSIOGNOMIST, flzh-e-6g / -n6-mlst. 5J8. > n. s. One who judges of the temper, or future for- tune, by die features of the face. Peacham. 05= For the propriety of pronouncing the s in thwe PIB PIC KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin: words like zh, wo need only appeal to analogy. S bo- fore a diphthong beginning with i, and having the ac- cent before it, either primary or secondary, always goes into zh, as may be seen, Principles, No. 451. The secondary accent on the first syllable of these words gives a feebleness to the second, which occasions the aspiration of s as much as in evasion, adhesion, &c, where the s is preceded by the primary accent. It must, however, be acknowledged, that this is far from being the most general pronunciation, — See Ecclesi- astic k. TV. PHYSIOGNOMICAL*, flzh-e-6g-n6m'-e-ka], ) PHYSIOGNO'MICK, flzh-e-og-nW-lk. £ a. PHYSIOGNOMO'NICK/izh-e-og-ni-mon'-ik.) Drawn from the contemplation of the face 3 con- versant in contemplation of the face. Brown. PHYSIOGNOMY $, fizh-e-dg'-n6-me. n. s. [for physiogncmony ; (pvctoyvcDpiovia.] The act of dis- covering - the temper, and foreknowing the fortune. by the features of the face. Bacon. The face 3 the cast of the look. Cleaveland. tyC?* There is a prevailing mispronunciation of this word, by leaving out the g, as if the word were French. If this arises from ignorance of the common rules of spelling, it may be observed, that g is always pronounced before n when it is not in the same syllable ; as, sig-nify, in- dig-nity, &c. ; but if affectation be the cause of this errour, Dr. Young's Love of Fame will be the best cure for it. — See Pathognomonick. TV. PHYSIOLOGICAL, fizh-e-d-l&d'-je-kal. ) a. Re- PHYSIOLO'GICK*, fizh-e-6-l6d'-jik. \ lating to the doctrine of the natural constitution of things. Boyle. PHYSIO'LOGER*, f?zh-e-6lM6-jur. n. s. A physi- ologist. Aubrey. PHYSIOLOGIST, fizh-e-ol'-tf-jlst. n. s. One versed in physiology 3 a writer of natural philoso- phy. Burke. PHYSIOLOGY §,flzh-e-&l'-lA-je. 518. n. s. [gbims and Xf'yw, Gr. ; physiologie, Fr.] The doctrine of I the constitution of the works of nature. Gkmville. I PHY'SNOMY* f fz'-no-me. n. s. The old word for physiognomy. Spenser. PHY'SY, f iz'-ze. n. s. The same w\ih fusee. Locke. PHYTFVOROUS, fl-uV-vo-rus. 518. a. [vrbv, and voro, LaL] That eats grass or any vegetable. Ray. PHYTOGRAPHY, fi-tog'-gra-fe. 518. n.s.[ lar . [piccadi/le, ] A high col- j a kind of plk'-kaje. n.s. [piccagium, low Lat.] Money paid at fairs for breaking ground for booths. Ainsworth. !Fc PICK §, pfk. v.a. [pkken, Dutch.] To cull 3 to choose ; to select ; to glean ; to gather here and there. Shak. To take up 3 to gather 3 to find indus- triously. Bacon. To separate from any thing use- less or noxious, by gleaning out either part. Bacon. To clean, by gathering off, gradually, any thing ad- hering. Mo^e. [piquer, FrJ To pierce 3 to strike with a sharp instrument. Bacon, [pycan, Sax.] To strike with bill or beak; to peck. Prov.-x.xx. [picare, Ital.] To rob. South. To open a lock by a pointed instrument. Denham. To pitch. Shak. — To pick a hole in one's coat. A proverbial ex- pression for finding fault with another. To PICK, pik. v. n. To eat slowly and by small morsels. Dryden. To do any thing nicely and leisurely. Dryden. PICK, plk. n. s. [pique, Fr.] A sharp-pointed iron tool. Woodicard. A toothpick. Beaumont and Fletcher. PPCKAPACK, pik'-a-pak. ad. [from pack, by a re- duplication.] In manner of a pack. L'Estrange. PPCKAXE, plk'-aks. n.s. [pick and axe.] An axe not made to cut but pierce 3 an axe with a sharp point. Carew. PPCKBACK, pik'-bak. ad. [corrupted perhaps from pickanack.] On the back. Hudibras. PFCKED, plk'-ked. 3G6. a. [from pike.] Sharp. Mortimer. Smart 3 spruce. Shakspeare. PFCKEDNESS*, plk'-k£d-nes. n.s. State of being pointed or picked. Foppery 3 spruceness. jB. Jonson. To PICKEE'R, plk-keer'. v. n. [picare, Ital.] To pirate j to pillage 3 to rob. Ainsworth. To make a flying skirmisn. Lovelace. PFCKER, pnV-kfir. 98. n. s. One who picks or culls. Mortimer. One who hastily takes up a matter : "a picker of quarrels." Huloet. A pickaxe 3 an instrument to pick with. Mortimer. PPCKEREL, pik'-kur-il. 99. n.s. A small pike. Chaucer. PICKEREL-WEED, plk'-kur-ll-weed. n. s. [from pike.] A water plant, from which pikes are fabled to be generated. Walton. PICKET §*, pik'-klt. n.s. [piquet,Fr.] [In fortifi- cation.] A sharp stake. A guard posted before an army, to give notice of an enemy's approach. To PFCKET*, pik'-klt. v. a. To fasten to a picket. Lieut. Moore. PPCKLE5, pik'-kl. 405. n.s. [pekel, Teut.] Any kind of salt liquor, in which flesh or other sul> stance is preserved. Shak. Thing kept in pickle. Condition ; state. Sluikspeare. PFCKLE, PYCLE*, or PFGHTEL. n. s. [piccolo, Ital.] A small parcel of land enclosed with a hedge which in some counties is called a.pingle. Phillips. To PFCKLE, plk'-kl. v.a. To preserve in pickle. Dryden. To season or imbue highly with any thing bad : as, a pickled rogue, or one consum mately villanous. PICKLEHE'RRING, pik-kl-heV-lng. n. s. [pickle and herring.] A jack-pudding 5 a merry-andrew j a zany ; a buffoon. Shakspeare. PFCKLOCK,pikM5k. n.s. An instrument by which locks are opened without the key. Shak. The person who picks locks. Bp. Taylor. PFCKNICK, pik'-nlk. n. c. [Swedish.] An assembly where each person contributes to the general ei> tertainment. 692 PIE PIG -n6, move, n6r, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6il 5 — pound ; — thm, this. PICKPOCKET, plk'-p&k-h. ? n. s. A thief who PFCKPURSE, plk'-purse. \ steals by putting his hand privately into the pocket or purse. Slink. PFCKPOCKET*, pfk'-pok-ft. a. Privately stealing. South. PICKTHANK, plk'-diank. n. s. [pick and thank.] A11 officious fellow, who does what he is not de- sired : a whispering parasite. Bale. PFCKTOOTH, plk'-Mlh. 7i. s. An instrument by which the teeth are cleaned. Swift. PICO*, pe'-k6. n. s. [Spanish.] Peak} point. Bent ley. PICT, plkt. n. s. [pietus, Lat.] A painted person. Lee. PICTORIAL, puk-to'-re-dl. a. [piclor, Lat.] Pro- duced by a painter. Brown. PFCTURAL* pfk'-tshu-ril. n. s. A representation. Spenser. Ob. T. PFCTURE$, plk'-tshure. 461. n.s. [pictiira, Lat.] A resemblance of persons or things in colours. Bacon. The science of painting. B. Jonson. The works of painters. Wotton. Any resemblance or representation. Locke. To PICTURE, plk'-tshure. v. a. To paint 5 to rep- resent by painting. Brown. To represent. Spenser. PFCTURELIKE*, plk'-tshure-llke. a. Like a pic- ture ; according to the manner of a picture. Shak. PICTURESQUE*, plk-tshu-resk'. a. [piitoresco, PIE'CEMEALED*, pees'-meeld. a. Divided inu: small morsels or pieces. Cotgrave. PIED §, plde. 283. a. [from pie.] Variegated ; parti coloured. Abbot. PFEDNESS, plde'-ne's. n.s. Variegation; diversity of colour. Shakspeare. PIE'LED, pild. a. [peler, Fr.] Bald: bare; pee.ed Ezek. xxix. To PIEP*, peep. v. n. To cry like a ycung bird. Huloet. PIEPOWDER Court, pl'-pou-dur. n.s. [poudredes piez, Fr.] A court held in fairs for redress of all dis- orders committed therein. Hiulibi-as. PIER, peer. 275. n.s. [pep, pepe, Sax.; pierre, Fr.J A column on which the arch of a bridge is raised. Bacon. A projecting mole erected in the sea, to break the force of the waves. Gregory. To PIERCE §, peerse, or perse, v. a. [percer, Fr.] To penetrate; to enter; to force a way into. I Tim. vi. To touch the passions ; to affect. Sluik. {Cjr" What has been observed of the word fierce is per- fectly applicable to this word and its compounds. IV. To PIERCE, peerse, or perse, v. n. To make way by force into or through any thing. Bacon. To strike ; to move ; to anect. Shak. To enter ; to dive, as into a secret. Sidney. To affect severely. Sltakspeare, PIE'RCEABLE* peers'-a-bl. a. That may be pene- Ital.j pictoresque, Fr.] Expressing that peculiar!! trated. Spenser. kind of beauty which is agreeable in a picture, I; PIERCER, peers' -ur, or peVs'-ur. n.s. An instru whether natural or artificial; striking the mind with great power or pleasure in representing ob- jects of vision, and in painting to the imagination \ any circumstance or event as clearly as if deline- 1 ated in a picture. Gray. PICTURE'SQUENESS*, plk-lshu-reW-nes. n.s.\ State or quality of being picturesque. Price. To PFDDLE§, pM'-dj. 405. u. ». [perhaps from j| PIE'RCII^GNESS, peer'-s?ng-nes, or pers'-hig-n&r ment that bores or penetrates. Tusser. The part with which insects perforate bodies. Ray. Cite who perforates. PIE RCING* peer'-slng, or plrs'-fng. n. s. Penetra- tion. Prov. xii. PIE'RCINGLY, peer'-smg-le, or pers'-lng-le. 410. ad. Sharply. Slierwood. NGN ESS peddle.] To pick at table; to feed squeamishly, ami ! 275. n. s. Power of piercing. Derliam without appetite. Swift. To trifle ; to attend to i| PFET*, or PFOT*. n. s. [t'vom pie.] A magpie, small parts rather than to the main. Ascham. ijPFETISM*, pi'-e-tizm. n. s. A kind of extremely PFDDLER, pM'-dl-ur. n.s. One that eats squeam- 1! strict devotion. Frey. ishly, and without appetite. One who is busy j| PFETIST*, pi'-e-dst. n.s. One of a sect professing about minute things PIE, pi. n. s. Any crust baked with something in it. Bacon, [pica, Lat.] A magpie; a party-coloured bird. Tusser. The old popish service book, so called, as is supposed, from the different colour of the text and rubrick. Wlteutley. — Cock and pie. An adjuration by the pie or service-book, and by • the sacred name of the Deity corrupted. Shak. PIE'BALD, pl'-bald. a. [from pie.] Of various colours; diversified in colour. Locke. PIECES, peese. n. s. [piece, Fr.] A patch. Gen. xxxvii. A part of the whole ; a fragment. Ezek. xxiv. A part. Tillotson. A picture. Dryden. A composition ; performance. Addison. A single great gun. Shak. A hand gun. Spenser. . A coin ; a single piece of mone} 7 . Prior. In ridi- cule and contempt : as, a piece of a lawyer, or smatterer. Bp. Hall, [pieca, old Fr.] Applied to time : as, stay a piece, i. e. a little while. Castle ; any building. Spenser. — A-pk.ce. To each. More. Of a piece with. Like; of the same sort; united; the same with the rest. Roscommon. To PIECE, peese. v. a. To patch. Bp. Hall. _ To eniarg-e by the addition of a piece. Shak. Tojoi to unite. — To piece out. ' Temple. To PIECE, peese To increase by addition. To join ; to coalesce ; to n. s. One that pieces ; a be compacted. Bacon. PFE'CER, pees'-ur. 93. patcher. Shenvood. PIE'CELESS, peesMes. a. Whole; compact; not made of separate pieces. Donne. PIERCE LY#, peesMe. ad. In pieces. Huloet. Ob. T. PIE'CEMEAL, pees'-mele. ad. [pice and mel, Sax.] In pieces ; in fragments. Chapman. PIE'CEMEAL, pees'-mele. c ' divided. Gov. of the Tongue. PIE'CEMEAL*, pees'-mele. n.s. A fragment; a scrap j a morsel. R. Vaughan. 46 Single; separate; great strictness and purity of lite, despising learn- ing and ecclesiastical polity; a kind of mystick. The sect sprung up in the latter part of the seven- teenth century. Burnet. PI'ETY $, pi'-e-te. n. s. [pietas, Lat. ; piete, Fr.] Discharge of duty to God. Milton. Duty to pa- rents or those in superiour relation. Swift. PIG §, pig. n.s. [bigge, Teut. ; pic, Sax.] A youcg sow or boar. ShaJc. Au oblong mass of lead or unforged iron. Pope. To PIG, pfg. v. n. To farrow ; to bring pigs. PIGEON $, pld'-jln. 259. n.s. [pigeon,Fr.] A fowl bred in cots oi a small house : in some places called dovecot. Gen. xv. PFGEONFOOT, pfcV-jfn-fut. n. s. An herb. Ainsw PFGEONHEARTED*, pidMm-hart-ed. a. Timid; frightened. Beaumont and Fletcher. PIGEONHOLES* pid'-jin-holz. n. s. The title of an old English game; so called fro. 11 the arches in the machine, through which balls were rolled, re- sembling the cavities made for pigeons in a dove- house. Steccens. Cavities, or divisions, in which* letters and papers are deposited. Burke. PFGEONLIVERED, pM'-jm-lfv-urd. a. tpigtm and liver.] Mild; soft; gentle. Shukspeare. * PFGGIN, pJg'-gm. 382. n.s A small wooden vessel. Heywood. PIGHE'ADED*, pfe-hed'-ed. a. Having a large head : a word still vulgarly applied to a stupid or obstinate person. B. Jonson. PIGHT, plte. old pret. and part. pass, of pitch. Pitch- ed ; placed; fixed; determined. Spenser. Ob. J. To PIGFIT*, pite. v. a. [perhaps from pigg, Su. Goth J To pierce. Wicliffe. Ob. T. PFGHTEL*. 71. s. [piccolo, Ital.l A little enclosurev PFGMENT, pig'-ment. n. s. \pig711entum, Lat.] Paint; colour to be laid on any body. Burton. PFGMY§, pfg'-me. n. s. [pygmcens, Lat. ; xvypaxas, Gr.] One of a small nation, fabled to be devoured 693 PIL PIM KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin j- by the cranes ; thence any thing mean or incon- siderable. Heylin. Properly written Pygmy. PFGMY*, pig'-me. a. Small ; little 5 short. Habing- ton. PIGNORATION^, pig-nA-ra'-shnn. n.s. [old Fr. from pignns, pignons, Lat.] The act of pledging-. PFGNORAT1VE*, pig'-n6-ra-tfv. a. Pledging} pawning. BuUokar. PFGNUT, p?g / -nut. n. s. An earth nut. Shakspeare. PPGSNEY, pigz'-nl. n. s. [pi^a, Sax. a girl.] A word of endearment. Chaucer: PFGTAIL*, pig'-tale. n.s. [pig and tail.'] A cue; the hair tied behind in a riband so as to resemble the tail of a pig. A kind of twisted tobacco, hav- ing a similar resemblance. Swift. Pl'GWlDGEON, pig-wid'-j&n. n.s. A cant word for any thing petty or small. Cleavelund. PTKE $, pike. n. s. [picque, Fr.] The tyrant of the fresh waters ; and the longest lived of any fresh water fish. Walton. A long lance used by the foot soldiers, to keep off the horse, to which bayonets have succeeded. Hayward, A fork used in hus- bandry; a pitch-fork. Tusser. [pic, old Fr.] A peak; a point. Ricaut. [Among turners.] Two iron sprigs between which any thing to be turned is fastened. Moxon. PFKED, pik'-ked. 366. a. [pique, Fr.] Sharp ; acu- minated; ending in a point. Camden. PFKELET*, plke'-let. j n. s. A light cake ; a kind PFKEL1N*, plkeMm. $ of muffin. Seward's Lett. PFKEMAN, plke'-man. 88. n. s. A soldier armed with a pike. Knolles. PFKESTAFF, plke'-staf. n. s. The wooden pole of a pike. Toiler. PILA'STER, pe-las'-tur. 132. n.s. [pihstre, Fr.jj pilastrci Ital.] A square column, sometimes insu- 1 lated, bui oflener set within a wall, and only show- j ing a fourth or a fifth part of its thickness. Wotton. PILCH*, piltsh. n.s. [pylca, pylece, Sax.] A cloak or coat of skins ; a furred gown. Chaucer. PI LCHARD*, piF-tshard. n. s. The fish called also pitcher. Shakspeare. PI'LCHER, piltslF-ur. 98. n.s. [pylece, Sax. ; pel- lice, Fr.] A furred gown or case; any thing lined j with fur. Sliak. A fish like a herring, much caught 1 in Cornwall. Milton. i °ILE§, pile. n.s. [pil, Sax.; pile, Fr.; pijle, Dutch.] i A strong piece of wood driven into the ground to I make a firm foundation. Knolles. A neap; an 1 accumulation. Shak. Any thing heaped together to be burned. Ezek. xxiv. An edifice; a building. Milton, [pilus, Lat.] A hair. Shak. Hairy sur- face ; nap. Grew, [pilum, Lat.] The head of an arrow. Clvxpman. [pile, Fr. ; pita, Ital.] One side of a coin ; the reverse of cross. Locke. [In the plural, piles.] The hemorrhoids. Arbuthnot. To PILE, pile. v. a. To heap; to coacervate. Shak. To fill with something heaped. Abbot. PFLEATED, piF-e-a-tecl. 507. a. [pileus, Lat.] Having the form of a cover or hat. Woodward. PFLEMENT*, plle'-ment. n.s. Accumulation. Bp. Hall. PFLER, plle'-ur. 98. n.s. He who accumulates. PFLEWORT, plle'-wurt. n. s. A plant. To PFLFER §, piF-fur. v.a. [pil/eer, old Fr.] To steal ; to srain by petty robbery. Abbot. To PFLFER, piF-fur. 98. v. n. To practise petty theft. Milton. PFLFERER, piF-fur -Qr. n.s. One who steals petty things. Atterbury. PILFERING*, pil'-fur-ing. n.s. A petty theft. Shakspeare. PFLFERINGLY, piF-f&r-ing-le. ad. With petty larceny ; filchingly. Sherwood. PFLFER Y, piF-ffir-e. n. s. Petty theft. V Estrange. PILGA'RLICK*. See Pilled-gari.ick. PFLGRIM§, piF-grnn. n.s. [pelgrim, Dutch ; pele- grinus, Lat.] A traveller; a wanderer; particular- ly one who travels on a religious account. Drum- mond. To PFLGR1M, piF-grim. v.n. To wander; to ram- ble : not used. Grew PFLGRIMAGE,piF-grim-adje.90. n.s. [pelerinage. Fr.] A long journey; travel; more usually a jour- ney on account of devotion. Dryden, Time irk- somely spent. Shakspeare. To PFLGR1MIZE*, piF-grim-lze. v. n. To ramble about, like a pilgrim. B. Jouson. Ob. T. PILL, pil. n. s. [pilula, Lat.] Medicine made into a small ball or mass. Bacon. Any thing nauseous. Young. To PILL §, pil. v. a. [pillar, Fr.] To take off the rind or outside; to peel; to strip off the bark. Gen xxx. To strip; to rob; to plunder. Spenser. To PILL, pil. v.n. To be stripped away ; to come off in flakes or scoria?. Tobit, xi. To commit rob- bery. Mirror for Magistrates. $5" This word, says Dr. Johnson, should be written peel. To strip off the bark or rind of any thing is universally so pronounced ; but, when it is written pill, it is impos- sible to pronounce it peel, as Mr. Sheridan has done, without making the eye contradict the ear too palpably. I am of opinion, that the pronunciation ought to con- form to the orthography. — Seo Bowl. W. PFLLAGE§, piF-lidje. 90. n.s. [pillage,FrA Plun- der; something got by plundering or pillaging. Shakspeare. The act of plundering. Shakspeare. To PFLLAGE, pil'-lldje. v.a. To plunder; to spol Arbuthnot. PFLLAGER, pii'-lidje-ur. 98. n. ft A plunderer ; a spoiler. Chapman. PFLLAR §, pfl'-lftr. 88. n.s. [pilier, Fr. ; pilar, Span.] A column. Wotton. A supporter; a maintainer. Shakspeare. PFLLARED, pll'-lfir'd. 359. a. Supported by col- umns. Milton. Having the form cf a column. Thomson. PILLED-GARLICK, pild'-gar-lik. n.s. One whose hair is fallen off by a disease. A sneaking or hen- hearted fellow; a poor, forsaken wretch. Stcevens. PFLLER*, piF-lur. n. s. [pilleur, Fr.] A r-tonderer ; a robber. Cliaucer. PFLLERY*, piF-lur-e. n. s. [pillerie. Fr.] Rapine ; robbery. Huloet. PFLLldN, pil' yum 113. n. s. [from pillow.] A soft saddle set behind a horseman for a womau to sit on. Swift. A pad ; a pannel ; a low saddle. Spen- ser. The pad of the saddle that touches the horse. PFLLORY, pil'-l&r-e. 557. n. s. [pilori, old Fr. ; pilloi-inm, low Lat.] A frame erected on a pillar, and made with holes and movable boards, through which the heads and hands of criminals are put. Shakspeare. To PFLLORY, piF-lur-e. v.a. [pillorier, Fr.] To punish with the pillory. Government of the Tongue, PFLLOW§, piF-16. 327. n.s. [pyle, Sax. ipvlrwe, Dutch.] A bag of down or feathers laid undei the head to sleep on. Bacon. To PFLLOW, piF-16. v. a. To rest any thing on a ■illow. Milton. PFLLOWBEER, piF-16-bere. \n. s. The cover of PFLLOWCASE, piF-16-kase. \ a pillow. Chaucer. PILOSITY§, pe-kV-se-te. 132. n.s. [pilosus, Lat.] Hairiness. Bacon. PFLOT §, pi'-l&t. 166. n.s. [pilote, Fr. ; piloot, Dutch.] He whose office is to steer the ship. B. Jonson. To PFLOT, pl'-lfit. v. a. To steer; to direct in the course. Bp. Berkeley. PFLOTAGE, plMul-tidje. 90. n. s. [Fr.] Pilot * skill ; knowledge of coasts. Raleigh. A pilot's hire Ainsworth. PFLOTIS31*, pF-lfit-tlzm. n. s. Pilotage ; skill of a pilot. Cotgrave and Sherwood. PFLOTRY*, pl'-lut-tre. n. s. Skill of a pilot. Har- ris. PFLOUS*, pl'-las. a. [pilosus, Lat.] Hairy; full of hairs. Dr. Robinson. PFLSER, piF-sfir. n. s. The moth or fly tnat runs into a flame. Ainsworth. PFMENT*. n. s. [pimentum, low Lat.] Wine mixed with spice or honey. Chaucer. Ob. T. PIME'NTA, pe-men'-ia. )n. s. [piment, Fr.l A PIME'NTO* pe-men'-to. ) kind of spice. Hill. PIMP, pimp. n.s. ?pinge, Fr.] One who provides 694 PIN PTN -n6, move, n6r. not;— U l ibe, t5b, bull;— oil; — p6und; — thm, this. gratifications for the lust of others; a procurer; a pander. Addison. To PIMF, pimp, v. n. To provide gratifications for the lust of others ; to pander ; to procure. Swift.. PrMPERNEL,p?m-peV-ne]. [pim'-p&r-nel, Sheridan and Perry.'] n. s. [pimpernetla, Lat.] A plant. Mil- ler. PFMPINELLA*, pirn'-pe-nel-la. n. s. A plant. PFMPING, plmp'-ing. 410. a. [pimple mensch, Dutch, a weak man.] Little ; petty : as, a piviping thing. Skinner. PFJVIPLE, pim'-pl. 405. n s. [pmpel, Sax.] A small red pustule. Addison. PFMPLED, pim'-pFd. 359. a. Having red pustules ; full of pimples. PIN §, pin. n. s. [penman, low Lat.1 A short wire with a sharp point and round head, used by wo- men to fasten their clothes. Shak. Any thing in- considerable, or of little value. Spenser. Anything driven to hold parts together; a peg; a bolt. Mil- ton. A113 7 slender thing fixed in another body. Shak. That which locks the wheel to the axle ; a linch-pin. The central part. Shak. The pegs by which musicians intend or relax their strings. A note ; a strain. L' Estrange. A horny induration of the membranes of the eye. Hamner. Shak. A cy- lindrical roller made of wood. Corbet. A noxious humour in a hawk's foot. Ainsworlh. To PUN, pin. v.a. To fasten with pins. Harmar. To fasten; to make fast. Sliak. To join; to fix; to fasten. Digby. [pynban, Sax.] To shut up; to en- close ; to confine : as, in pinfold. Hooker. PLNA'STER* pl-n&s'-tfir. n. s. [Lat.] The wild pine. Anon. PFNCASE, pin'-kase. n. s. A pincushion. Skelion. PINCERS, pin'-surz. n. s. [pincette, Fr.] An instru- ment by which nails are drawn, or any thing is friped, which requires to be held hard. Spenser. 'he claw of an animal. Addison. §CF* This word is frequently mispronounced pinchers. W. J^PINCH^, pinsh. v.a. [pincer,Yr.] To squeeze between the fingers, or with the teeth. Shak. To hold hard with an instrument. To squeeze the flesh till it is pained or livid. Shak. To press be- tween hard bodies. To gall ; to fret. Shak. To gripe; to oppress; to straiten. Raleigh. To dis- tress ; to pain. Milton. To press ; to drive to diffi- cultieSe Watts. To try thoroughly; to force out what is contained within. Collier. To PINCH, pinsh. 352. v. n. To act with force, so as to be felt; to bear hard upon; to be puzzling. Dry den. To spare ; to be frugal. Ecclus. xi. PINCH, plush, n. s. [pincon, Fr.] A painful squeeze with the fingers. Dryden. A gripe ; a pain given. Shak. Oppression ; distress inflicted. Shak. Dif- ficulty; time of distress. Bacon. In all the senses except the first, it is used only in low language. PFNCHBECK* pinsh'-bek. n. s. [from the name of the inventor.] Mixed gold-coloured metal. PFNCHFIST. pinsh' -fist. ) n. s. [pinch, fist. PFNCHPENNY, pinsh'-pen-ne. $ and penny.] A miser. Huloet. PFNCUSHION, pin'-kush-un. [See Cushion.] n. s. A small bag stuffed with bran or wool, on which pins are stuck. Addison. PINDA'RICK*, pin-dar'-ik. n.s. An irregular ode ; so named from a pretended imitation of the odes of the Grecian poet Pindar. Addison. PINDA'RICK*, pin-dar'-ik. a. After the style or manner of Pindar. Addison. PFNDUST, pin'-dust. n. s. Small particles of metal made by pointing pins. Digby. PINE, pine. n.s. [pinus, Lat. \pin, Fr. ; pinn, Sax.] A tree. Miller. To PINE §, pine. v. n. [ptnan, Sax. ; pijnen, Dutch.] To languish; to wear away with any kind of mise- ry. Spenser. To languish with desire. Sliak. To PINE, pine. v. a. To wear out ; to make to lan- guish. Bp. Hall. To grieve for: to bemoan in si- lence. Milton. PINE*, pine. n.s. [pin, Sax.; pyne, Teut.] Wo; want ; suffering of any kind. Spenser. PFN E APPLE, plne'-ap-pl. n.s. The anana, named for its resemblance to the cone of pines. Miller. PFNEAL, pin'-ne-al. 507. a. [pineale, Fr.] Resem- bling a pine-apple. An epithet given by Des Car- tes to the gland which he imagined the seat of the soul. Arbuthnot. PFNEFUL*, plneMul. a. Full of wo and Jamenta tion. Bp.Hall. PFNERY*, pl'-nur-e. n. s. A place where pine-ap- ples are raised. PFNFEATHERED, pin'-feTH-urd. 359. a. Not fledged ; having the feathers yet only beginning to shoot. Dryden. PFNFOLD^pin'-fild. n.s. [pmban, Sax. and fold.] A place in which beasts are confined. Spenser. PFNGLE, ping / -gl. n. s. A small close ; an enclosure Ainsworth. PFNGUID, ping'-gwid. 340. a. [pingnis, Lat.] Fat; unctuous. Mortimer. PFNHOLE, pin'-hole. n. s. A small hole, such as is made by the perforation of a pin. Wisemun. PFNION §, pin'-yun. 8, 113. n. s. [pignon, Fr.] The joint of the wing remotest from the body ; a feather or quill of the wing. Shale. Wing. Spenser. The tooth of a smaller wheel, answering to that of a larger. Fetters or bonds for the arms. A'mstcorth. To PFNION, puV-yun. v. a. To bind the wings. Ba- con. To confine by binding the wings ; to maim by cutting off the first joint of the wing. To bind the arm to the body. Dryden. To confine by bind- ing the elbows to the sides. Dryden. To shackle ; to bind. Slia.kspeare. To bind to. Pope. PFNIONED*, pin'-yund. a. Furnished with wings. Dryden. PFNIONIST* pin'-y&c-ist. n. s. Any bird that flies. Browne. PINK$, pingk. 408. n. s. [pink, Dutch.] A small, fragrant flower of the gilliflower kind. Bacon. An eye ; commonly a small eye : as, pink-eyed. SJiak. Any thing supremely excellent. Shak. A colour used by painters. Dryden. [pincke, Danish , pinque, Fr.] A kind of heavy, narrow-sterned ship : hence the sea-term pink-stemed. Shak. A fish ; the minnow. Ainsworth. To PINK, pingk. v. a. [pink, Dutch.] To work in eyelet holes ; to pierce in small holes. Shak. To pierce with a sword; to stab. Addison. To PINK, pingk. v. n. pincken, Dutch.] To wink with the eves. L' Estrange. PINKEY ED*, pmk'-lde. a. Having little eyes. Hol- land. PINKNEE'DLE*, pink-ne'-dl. n. s. A shepherd's bodkin. Sherwood. PINKSTE'RNED*, plnk'-sternd. a, Flaving a nar- row stern : applied to ships. PFlNMAKER, pin'-ma-kur. n. s. He who makes pins. PFNMONEY, pin'-mun-ne. n. s. An annual sum settled on a wife to defray her own charges. Addi- son. PFNNACE, pin'-as. 91. n. s. [pinasse, Fr.] A boat belonging to a ship of war. It seems formerly to have signified rather a small sloop or bark attend ing a larger ship. Knolles. PFNNACLE §, pin'-ira-kl. 405. n.s. [pinnacle, Fr. , pinna, Lat.] A turret or elevation above the rest of the building. K. Charles. A high, spiring point. Cowley. To PFNNACLE*, pin'-na-kl. n. a. To build with pinnacles. Warton. PFNNAGE*, pin'-naje. n.s. [from To pin.] Pound- age of cattle. Huloet. PINNATED* pin'-na-ted. a. [pinnatus ,Lat.] Form- ed like a wing. Applied by botanists to leaves. PFNNER, pin'-nur. 98. n. s. [pinna, Lat. ; or pinion.] The lappet of a head-dress which flies loose. Gay. A pinmaker. A pounder of cattle ; a keeper of the pound. Warton. PFNNOCK, pfn'-ndk. n. s. The torn-tit. Ainsworth. PINT, pint. 105. n.s. [pynfc, Sax.] Half a quart; in medicine, twelve ounces ; a liquid measure. Dryden PFNULES, pin'-ulz. n. s. [In astronomy.] The sights of an astrolabe. Diet. 695 PIR PIT IT? 559.- -Fate, fir, fall, fat ;- -me, m. a. To lament. Spenser. PLAINDEA'LING, plane-de'-llng.a. Honest ; open < acting: without art. Shakspeare. PLAlNDEA'LlNG^lane-de'-ling^lO. n.s. Man agement void of art; sincerity. Denliam. PLAINHEA'RTED*, plane-hart'-ed. a. Having a sincere, honest heart. Milton. PLAINHEA'RTEDNESS*, plane-hart'-ed-nes. ns Sincerity. Hatty well. PLAFNLY, plane'-le. ad. Levelly ; flatly. Not sub tly; not speciously. Without ornament. With out gloss ; sincerely. Pope. In earnest ; fairly. Clarendon. Evidently; cleai-ly; not obscurely Hooker. PLAFNING*, planning, n.s. Complaint. Shak. PLAFNNESS, plane'-nes. n. s. Levelness ; flatness.. Want of ornament ; want of show. Bp. Taylor. Openness; rough sincerity. Sidney. Artlessness; simplicity. Mirror for Magistrates. PLAFNSONG*, plane'-song. n. s. The plain, unva- ried, ecclesiastical chant; the planus cantus of the Romish church ; so called in contradistinction to prick-song, or variegated musick sung by note. Shakspeare. PLAINSPO'KEN*. plane'-spo'-kn. a. Speaking with rough sincerity. Dnjden. PLAINT, plant, n. s. [plaint, old Fr.] Lamentation; complaint ; lament. Sidney. Exprobration of in jury. Bacon. Expression of sorrow. Daniel. [In law.] The propounding or exhibiting of any action, personal or real, in writing. Cowel. PLAFNTFUL, plant'-ful. a. Complaining ; audibly sorrowful. Sidney. PLAFNTIFF, plane'-fff. n. s. [plaintif, Fr.] He that commences a suit in law against another : op posed to the defendant. Dryden. $5= This word was universally, till of late years, pro- nounced with the first syllable like plan, as appears by its being adopted by Mr. Scott, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Perry, VV. JohiiSton, and Dr. Kenrick ; but a laudable desire of reforming the language has restored the diph- thong to its true sound ; and the first syllable of this word, like plane, is now the current pronunciation of all our courts of justice. Mr. Sheridan and Entick agree in this pronunciation. W. PLAFNTIFF, plane'-tlf. a. Complaining. Prior. Oh. J. PLAFNTIVE, plane'-tfv. a. Complaining; lament, ing ; expressive of sorrow. Dryden. PLAI'NTIVELY*, plane'-tlv-le. ad. In a manner expressing grief or sorrow. PLAI NTIVENESS*, plane'-tiv-n&s. n.s. State or quality of being plaintive. PLAI NTLESS*, plant'-Jes. a. Without complaint unrepining. PLAI NWORK, plane'-wurk. n. s. Needlework, as distinguished from embroidery ; the common prac- tice of sewing or making linen garments. Pope. PLAIT, plate. 202. n.s. [pleth, Welsh.] A fold; a double. Davies. To PLAITS, plate, v. a. [plaeta, Su. Goth.] To fold ; to double. Pope. To weave ; to braid. 1 Pet. iii. To entangle ; to involve. Shakspeare. {£5= There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word, as if written plete, which must be carefully avoided. W. PLAFTER, plate'-ur. 98. n.s. He that plaits. PLANS, plan. n.s. [plan, Fr.] A scheme; a form ; a model. Addison. A plot of ar> building or ich- nography ; form of any thing laid down on paper. Prior. . . To PLAN, plan. v. a. To scheme ; to form in design. Pope. PLA NARY, pla'-na-re. a. Pertaining to a plane. To PLANCH §*, plantsh. v. a. [planclw, Fr\] To plank ; to cover with boards ; to patch. Sir A. Gorges. PLA NCHED, plantsh'-ed. a. Made of boards. Sink. PLA'NCHER, plantsh'-ur. n. s. [plancher, Fr.] A floor of wood. Bacon. 698 PLA PLA — no, m5ve, nor, not —tube tub, bull;— o?l; — pSiind ; — thin, this. PLANCHING, plantshMng. n. s. [In carpentry.] | The laying the floors of a building- ; a wooden ! flooring". Carew. PLANER, plane, n. s. [planus, Lat.] A level sur- face. Bentleij. [plane, Fr.] An instrument by which the surface of boards is smoothed. Moxon. To PLANE, plane, v. a. [planer, Fr.] To level ; to smooth ; to free from inequalities. Arbuthnot. To smooth with a plane. Moxoyi. PLANER*, pla'-nur. n. s. One who smooths with a plane. Shertcood. PLANE-TREE.plane'-trce. n. s. [plane, platane, Fr.] A tree. MiUer. LA'Nl PLANETS, plan'-lt. 99. n. s. [planeta, Lat.] Plan- ets are the erratick or wandering stars ; we now number the earth amcng the primary planets, be- cause we know it moves round the sun ; and the moon is accounted among the secondary planets or satellites of the primary, since she moves round the earth. Han-is. PLANETARY, plan'-ne- tar-re. a. [planetaire, Fr.] i Pertaining to the planets. Milton. Under the domi- 1 nation of fcny particular planet. Dry den. Produc- ed by the planets. Shakspeare. Having the nature | of a planet ; erratick. Blackmore. PLANETED*, plan'-It-gd. a. Belonging to planets. Young. PLANE'TICAL, plan-net'-te-kal. a. Pertaining to planets. Brown. PLANETSTRUCK, plan'-lt-struk. a. Blasted. Suckling. PLANIFO'LIOUS, p'.a-ne-fo'-le-us. a. [planus and folium, Lat.] Flowers made up of plain leaves, set together in circular rows round the centre. Diet. PLANIME'TRICAL, pla-ne-met'-re-kal. a. Pertain- ing to the mensuration of plain surfaces PLANFMETRYS, pla-nfm'-e-tre . n. s. [pica and iierpiw, Gr.] The mensuration of pi tonus, Lat. ain sur- faces PLANIPE'TALOUS, pla-ne-peV-a-l&s. a. [planus, Lat. and -nhaXov, Gr.] Flat-leaved, as when the small flowers are hollow only at the bottom, but flat upwards. Diet. To PLANISH, planish, v.a. To polish; to smooth. PLANISPHERE, plan'-ne-sfere. n.s. [planus,hat. and sphere.} A sphere projected on a plane ; a map of one or both hemispheres. Gregory. PLANK §, plangk. 408. n. s. [plancke, old Fr.] A thick, strong board. Abbot. To PLANK, plangk. v. a. To cover or lay with planks. Bacon. PLANNER*, plan'-nur. n. s. One who forms any plan or design. PLANOCONICAL, pla-n6-k6n / -ne-kal. a. [planus and conus.] Level on one side and conical on oth- ers. Grew. PLANOCONVEX, pla-no-kon'-veks. a. [planus and convexus.] Flat on the one side and convex on the other. Newton. PLANTS, plant, n.s. [plant, Sax. ; plant, Fr. j planta, Lat.] Any thing produced, from seed; any vegetable production. Ray. A sapling. Dry den. [ planta, Lat.] The sole of the foot. Chapman* $3= There is a coarse pronunciation of this word, chiefly among the vulgar, which rhymes it with aunt. This pronunciation seems a remnant of that broad sound which was probably given to the a before two conso- nants in all words, hut which has been gradually wear- ing away, and which is now, except in a few words, be- come a mark of vulgarity. — See Principles, No. 79. W. To PLANT, plant, v. a. [planto, Lat. ; planter, Fr. ; plant tan, Sax.] To put into the ground in order to grow ; to set ; to cultivate. Deut. xvi. To pro- create ; to generate. Sliak. To place ; to fix. Shak. To settle ; to establish : as, to plant a colony. Mil- ton. To fill or adorn with something planted : as, He planted the garden or the country. Johnson. To direct properly as, to plant a cannon. To PLANT, plant, v. a. To perform the act of plant- ing. Bacon. PLANTAGE, plan'-tldje. 90. n. s. [plantago, Lat.] Aa herb, or herbs in general. Shakspeare. PLANTAIN, plan'-t'fn. 202. n.s. [Fr. ; plantago, Lat.] An herb. More. A tree in the West Indies, which bears an esculent fruit. Waller. PLANTAL, plan'-tal. 88. a. Pertaining to plants. Glanville. Ob. J. PLANTATION, plan-ta'-shun. n. s. [planlatio, Lat.] The act or practice of planting. The place pi an ted. Dryden. A colony. Bacon. Introduction ; estab- lishment. King Charles. PLANTED, plant'-eU participle. Settled ; well- grounded. Shakspeare. PLANTER, plant'-ur. 98. n. s. [planleur, Fr.] One who sows, sets, or cultivates ; cultivator. Dryden. One who , cultivates ground in the West Indian colonies. Locke. One who disseminates or intro- duces. Nelson. PLANTING*, plant'-ing. n. s. [planting, Sax.] Plantation. Isaiah, Ixi. PLASH §, plash, n. s. [plasche, Teut ; platz, Dan.] A small lake of water or puddle. Shak. Branch partly cut off and bound to other branches. Morti- mer. To PLASH* , plash, v. a. [plasschen, Teut.] To make a noise by moving or disturbing water. Sir T. Herbert. To PLASH, plash, v. a. [plesser, Fr.] To inter- weave branches. Evelyn. PLA'SHY, plash'-e. a. Watery; filled with puddJes. Sandys. PLASMA, plazm.n. 5. [-Xao-^a.J A mould; a matrix in which any thing is cast or formed. Woodward. PLASMA'TICAL* plaz-mat'-e-kal. a. Having the power of giving form. More. PLANTERS, plas'-tur. 98. n.s. [piastre, old Fr. , 7rXaVc-w, Gr.] Substance made of water and some absorbent matter, such as chalk or lime well pul- verized, with which walls are overlaid or figures cast. Dan. v. [plafcep., Sax.] A glutinous or ad- hesive salve. Hooker. To PL A'STER, plas'-tur. v.a. [plastrer,Yr.'\ To overlay as with plaster. Shak. To cover with a viscous salve or medicated plaster. South. PLA'STERER, plas'-tur-ur. n. s. [plasti-ier, Fr.] One whose trade is to overlay walls with plaster Sliak. One who forms figures in plaster. Wotton PLASTERING*, plas'-tur-mg. n.s. Work done in plaster. Ecclus. xxii. PLA'STICAL* plas'-te-kal. ) a. J>Aa a. Relating to PLATO'NICK*, pla-ton'-ik. $ the philosophy, opinions, or school of Plato. Bp. Hall. [Platonick .'(we,apure affection; an affection subsisting between the sexes, which respects the mind only. Pern/.] PLATO'NlCALLY*, pla-ton'-e-kal-le. ad. After the manner of the philosopher Plato. Woiton. PLATONISM*, plat'-6-n?zm. re. s. The philosophy of Plato. More. PLA-TONIST* plat'-6-n?st. ) n. s. One who fol- PLATONIZER* pIaf-6-ni-zur. $ lows the opin- 1 ions and manner of Plato. Hammond. To PLATONTZE* plat'-d-nlze. »>. re. To adopt the opinions or assertions of Plato. Hakewill. PLATOON, pla-toon'. [See Encore.] n.s. [a cor- 1 ruption of peloton. Fr.] A small, square body of musketeers, drawn out of a battalion of foot, when i they form the hollow square, to strengthen the an- gles ; the grenadiers are generally thus posted; yet a party from any other division is called a pla- toon, when intending too far from the main Dody. Military Diet. PLATTER, plat'-tur. 91. n. s. [from plate.'] A large dish, generally of earth. Hakewill. [from To piaz.~] One who plats or weaves. plaudit; > |SS PLAU'DITE t |P law PLAUSIBILITY, plaw-ze-bfl'-e-te'. ?i.s. specious- ness ; superficial appearance of right. Swift. PLAUSIBLE §, plaV-ze-bl. a. [plausible, Fr. ; plausibilis, Lat.] Such as gains approbation ; su- perficially pleasing or taking ; specious ; popular ; right in appearance. Bacon. PLAU'SIBLENESS, plaw'-ze-bl-nes. n. s. Spe- ciousness ; show of right. Sanderson. PLAUSIBLY, plaw'-ze-ble. ad. With fair show; speciously. Collier. With applause. Brown. PLAU'SIVE, plaw'-sfv. 153,423. a. Applauding. Young. Plausible. Shakspeare. To PLAY §,pla. 220. v. n, [pieman, Sax.] To sport ; to frolick ; to do something not as a task, but for a pleasure. Exod. xxxii. To toy ; to act with levity. Milton. To be dismissed from -work. Shak. To trifle ; to act wantonly and thoughtlessly. Temple. To do something fanciful. Sliak. To practise sar- castick merriment. Pope. To mock ; to practise illusion. Shak. To game : to contend at some game. Sfiak. To do any thing trickish or deceit- ful. Shak. To touch a musical instrument. Ezek. xxxiii. To operate ; to act. Dryden. To wan- ton ; to move irregularly. Milton. To personate a drama. Shak. To represent a standing character. Donne. To act in any certain character. Shak. To PLAY, pla. v. a. To put in action or motion : as, He played his cannon ; The engines are played at a fire. South. To use an instrument of musick. To perform a piece of musick. Alison. To act a mirthful character. Milton. To exhibit dramati- cally. Shak. To act; to perform. Sidney. PLAY, pla. n.s. Action not imposed; not work; dismission from work. Amusement ; sport. Spenser. A drama ; a comedy or tragedy, or any thing in which characters are represented by dialogue and action. Dryden. Game; practice of gaming ; contest at a game. Shak. Practice in any contest : as sword-play. Tillotson. Action ; employment ; | office. Dryden. Practice ; action ; manner of act- ing : as, fair and foul play. Sidney. Act of touching j an instrument. Irregular and wanton molion. A stale of agitation or ventilation. Dryden. Room for; motion. Moxon. Liberty of acting ; swing. Addiscri. I A place laid out after n PL A'YBOOK, pkV-bOok. n.s. Book of dramatic* compositions. Swift. PLA 7 YD AY. pla'-da. n. s. Day exempt from tasks ci work. Swift. PLA'YDEBT, pla'-det. n. s. Debt contracted by gaming. Arbidhnot. PLAYER, pla'-ur. 98. re. 5. One who plays. An idler ; a lazy person. SJiak. Actor of dramatick scenes. Sidney. A mimick. Dryden. One who touches a musical instrument. 1 Sain. A gamester One who acts in play in a certain manner. Carew. PLAYFELLOW, pla'-fel-lo. n. s. Companion in amusement. Sidney. PL A'YFERE*, pla'-fere. n. s. [ play and fere. See Fere.] A plavfellow. Gower. Ob. T. PLA'YFUL. pla'-fuU. Sportive; full of levitv. Addis. PLA'YGAME, pla'-game. n. s. Play of children. PLAYHOUSE, pla'-hous. re. s. House where dra- matick performances are represented. Sluikspcare. PLAYMATE*, pla'-mate. re. s. Playfellow; com panion in amusement. More. PLA'YPLEASURE, pla'-plezh-ure. n. s. Idle amusement. Bacon. PLA'YSOME $, pla'-sum. a. Wanton; full of levity Shelton. PLAYSOMENESS, p&'-sum-nes. n. s. Wanton ness ; levitv. PLA'YTHING, pla'-tfiing. n. s. Toy; thing to play with. Locke. PLAYWRIGHT, pla'-rlte. re. s. A maker of plays. Pope. PLEA, pie. 227. re. s. [plaid, old Fr.] The act or form of pleading. The thing offered or demanded in pleading. ^Shak. Allegation. Milton. An apology; an excuse. Milton-. To PLEACH, pletsh. 227. v. a. [plesser, Fr. ; TrAeVw, Gr.] To bend ; to interweave. Shakspeare. To PLEAD §, plede. 227. v. re. [pledier, pleiler, old Fr. ; plaider, modern.] To argue before a court of justice. Spenser. To speak in an argumentative or persuasive way, for or against; to reason with an- other. Shak. To be offered as a plea. Drvden. To PLEAD, plede. v. a. To defend ; to discuss. Shak. To allege in pleading or argument. Spen- ser. To offer as an excuse. Dryden. PLEADABLE, ple-da-bl. a. [plaidoyable, Fr.] Ca- pable to be alleged in plea. Howell. j PLEADER, ple'-dfir. 98. re. s. One who argues in a court of justice. Gaicer. One who speaks for or against. Bp. Taylor. PLEADING, ple'-ding. 410. re. s. Act or form of pleading. Swift. PLEA'SANCE, ple'-zanse. 234. n.s. [plaisance, Fr.] Gavety: pleasantry; merriment. Spenser. Ob. J. PLEASANT §, plez'-zant. 234. a. [plaisant, Fr.] Delightful ; giving delight. Shak. Grateful to the senses. Dan. x. Good-humoured ; cheerful. Ad- dison. Gay; lively; merry. Rogers. Trifling; adapted rather to mirth than use. Locke. PLEASANTLY, plez'-zant-le. ad. In such a man ner as to give delight. Puttenham. Gayly;mer rily; in good humour. Clarendon. Lightly; ludi crouslv. Broome. PLEA'SANTNESS, pleV-zant-nes. re. s. Delight fulness ; state of being pleasant. Sidney. Gayety , cheerfulness ; merriment. South. PLEA'S ANTRY, plez'-zan-tre. re. s. [plaisanterie, Fr.] Gayety ; merriment. Addison. Sprightly say- ins; lively talk. Addison. To PLEASE?, pleze. 227. v. a. [placeo, Lat.] To delight; to gratify; to humour. Isaiah, ii. To sat- isfy; to content. S/iak. To obtain favour from; to be" pleased with, is to approve; to favour. St. Mat- tkew, hi.— To be pleased. To like : a word of cere - nioiiv. Dryden. To PLEASE, plsze. v. n. To give pleasure. Mil- ton. To gain approbation. Hosea. ix. To like ; to choose. Pope. To condescend ; to comply : a word of ceremony. Shakspeare. PLEASEDLY*, ple'-z§d-le. ad. In a way .o be delighted. Fellham. <0Q PLE PLE -n6, m6ve, nor, not ; — tube, tub, b&l! ; — 6ll ; — p65nd ; — thin, mis. PLEA'SER, pl6'-zfir. n. s. One that courts favour ; one that endeavours to please, or actually pleases. Col. iii. PLEA'SEMAN, pleze'-man. n.s. Apicklhank; an officious fellow. Shakspeare. PLEADINGLY, ple'-z'ing-le. ad. In such a manner a i to give delight. Suckling. PLIU'SINGNESS, ple'-z?ng-nes. ». s. Quality of gi "ing delight. Fdtham. PL&ASURABLEy, plezh'-fir-a-bl. a. Delightful ; full of pleasure. Bacon. PLEi. 'SURABLY^pIezh'-iir-a-ble.atf. With pleas- ure with delight. Han-is. PLEA SURABLENESS*, plezh'-.Va-bl-nes. n. s. Qua itv of affording pleasure. Feltham. PLEASURES, plezh'-ure. 234, 450. n.s. [plaisir, Fr.] Delight; gratification of the mind or senses. South. Loose gratification. Milton. Approbation. Psalms. What the will dictates. Is. xlviii. Choice ; arbitrary will. Brown. PLEASURE-GROUND* plezh'-ur-gr&und. n. s. Ground laid out in a pleasing or ornamental man- ner, near a mansion. Graves. To PLEA'SURE, plezh'-ure. v. a. To please; to gratify. Tusser. PLEA'SUREFUL, plezh'-ur-ful. a. Pleasant; de- lightful. Abbot. Ob. J PLEA'SURIST* pJezh'-flr-lst. n. s. One devoted to mere worldly pleasure. Brown. Ob. T. PLEBEIAN y , ple-be'-yan. 113. n. s. [plebeian, Fr. ; plebeins, Lat.} One of the lower people. Swift. PLEBEIAN , ple-be'-yan. a. Popular; consisting of mean persons. King Charles. Belonging to the low- er ranks. Milton. Vulgar; low; common. Bacon. PLEBEIANCE*, ple-be'-yanse. n. s. The lower order of persons in a state. Learned Summary on DuBortas. Ob. T. PLEDGE §, pledje. n.s. [phhfcan, Sax.] Any thing put to pawn. A gage; anything given byway of warrant or security ; a pawn. Hooker. A sure- ty; a bail; a hostage. Raleigh. An invitation to drink, by accepting the cup or health after an- other. Shakspeare. To PLEDGE, pledje. v. a. [pleger, old Fr. ; pfledgen, Germ.] To put in pawn. Pope. To give as war-' rant or security. To secure by a pledge ; to give surety for. Sluilc. To invite to drink, by accept- ing the cup or health after another. Shaksveare. PLEDGER*, pled'-jfir. n. s. One who "offers a pledge. One who accepts the invitation to drink after another. Gascoigne. PLE'DGET, pled'-jft. 99. n. s. [plagghe, Dutch.] A small mass of lint. Wiseman. PLEIADES, ple'-va-dez. ) n. s. [pleiades, Lat. ; PLEIADS, ple'-yadz. \ *\dafa, Gr.J A nor- thern constellation. Milton. #5= I have preferred those orthoepists who mark these words as I have done, to Mr. Sheridan, who makes the first syllable like the verb to ply. Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and Perry, the only orthoepists from whom we can know the sound of the diphthong ei, give it as I have done; and Johnson, by placing the accent after the e, seems to have done the same: but the sound we invariably give to these vowels in plebeian is a suffi- cient proof of English analogy ; and that pronouncing them like eye is an affectation of adhering to the Greek, from which pleiades is derived. — See Key to the Classical Pronunciation of the Oreek and Latin Proper Names, under the word. TV. FLENAL*, ple'-nal. a. [plenus, Lat.] Full; com- plete. Beaumont. Ob. T. FLENARILY, plen'-a-re-le. ad. Fully; completely. Avliffe. PLE' N r ARINESS ; plen'-a-re-nes. n. s. Fulness; com- pleteness. PLENARTY*, pleV-ar-te. n. s. [p!en?is, Lai.] State of a benefice when occupied. Blackstone. PLENARY y , pleV-a-re, or ple'-na-re. a. [plenus, Lat.] Full ; complete. King Charles. i^j" Some very respectable speakers make the vowel e, in the first syllable of this word, long ; but analogy and the best usage seem to shorten the e, as they do the a in granary. Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Buchanan, an.. Entick. adopt the second pronunciation ; and Mr. Sher- idan, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perr}r, the first, nor do I see any reason that the e should not be short in this word as well as in plenitude, in which all our orthoepists, except Buchanan, pronounce the e as in plenty. W. PLENARY, pleV-a-re, or ple^-na-re. n.s. Decisive procedure. Aijlijfe. PLENILUNE §*, pleV-e-lune. n.s. [plenilunium, Lat.] A full moon. B. Jonson. PLENILUNARY, plen-e-lu'-na-re. a. Relating to the full moon. Brown. PLENITOTENCE, ple-nn/-p6-tense. n. s. [plenus, and poteniia, Lat.] Fulness of power. Milton. PLENFPOTENT, ple-n?p'-p6-tent. a. [plenipoiens Lat.] Invested with full power. Milton. PLENIPOTENTI A RY, plen-ne-po-uV-sha-re. n. s. [plenipotentiaire, Fr.] A negotiator invested with full power. i PLENIPOTENTIARY* plen-ne-po-ten'-sha-re. a. ! Having the powers of a plenipotentiary. Cowlev. I To PLENISH*, plen'-Ish. v. a. [plenir, old Fr.] I To replenish ; to fill. Reeve. IPLENIST, ple'-ntst. 5U.n.s. [planus, hat.] One that holds all space to be full of matter. Boijle. \ PLENITUDE, plen'-ne-tude. n.s. [plenitudo, Lat.; | plenitude, Fr.] Fulness ; the contrary to vacuity. Bentley. Repletion; animal fulness; plethory. Arbuthnot. Exuberance; abundance. Bacon. Com- pleteness. Prior. PLENTEOUS §, plen'-tshe-fis. 263. a. [pleniieux, old Fr.] Copious ; exuberant ; abundant ; plenti- ful. Milton. Fruitful; fertile. Gen. xli. PLENTEOUSLY, plen'-tshe-us-le. ad. Copiously , abundantly ; exuberantly ; plentifully. Milton. | PLENTEOUSNESS, plen'-tshe-us-nes. n.s. Abun- j dance; fertility; plenty. Gen. xli. ! PLENTIFUL, pien'-te-ful. a. Copious; abundant; i exuberant ; fruitful. Raleigh. PLENTIFULLY, pleV-te-f&l-e. ad. Copiously abundantly. Brown. PLENTIFULNESS, plen te-ful-nes. n. s. The state of being plentiful; abundance; fertility. Wotlon. PLENTY y , plen'-te. n.s. [plente, o!d*Fr.] Abun- dance ; such a quantity as is more than enough Locke. Fruitfulness ; exuberance. Thomson. Im- properly used for plentiful: as, Water isptenly. Tus- ser. A state in which enough is had and enjoyed. Joel, ii. PLE'ONASM^ple'-d-nazm. n.s. [pleonasmw, Lai.} A figure of rhetorick, by which more words art used than are necessary. Black-wall. PLEONA STICAL*, ple-o-nas'-le-kal. a. Belonging to the pleonasm ; redundant. Blackwall. PLEONASTIC ALLY* ple-o-nas'-te-kal-le. ad. Redundantly. Blacfcwall. PLEROPHORY* ple-r&f-o-re. n.s. [i:\too a. Diseased with PLEU'RITICK, plu-rlt'-tlk. 509. \ a pleurisy. Bp. Hall. Denoting a pleurisy. Wiseman. PLE'VIN, plev'-vln. n. s. [plevin, old Fr.; plevina^ low Lat.] [In law.] A warrant or assurance. Did., 701 PLO PLU 07 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— PLIABILITY*, pM-bfl'-e-te. n.s. Flexibility; pli- ableness. PLFABLE§, pll'-a-bl. 405. a. [pliable, Fr.] Easy to be bent ; flexible. South. Flexible of disposition ; easv to be persuaded. More. PLFABLENESS, pll'-a-bl-nes. n.s. Flexibility; ea- siness to be bent. Flexibility of mind. Hammond. PLFANCY, pll'-an-se. n. s. Easiness to be bent. Addison. PLFANT §, pll'-ant. a. [pliant, Fr.] Bending; tough ; flexile; flexible; lithe; limber. Addison. Easy to take a form. Dryden. Easily complying. Bacon. Easily persuaded. South. PLI'ANTNESS, pll'-ant-nes. n.s. Flexibility; tough- ness. Bacon. PLICA*, pll'-ka. n. s. [Lat. ; plique, old Fr.] A dis- ease of the hair, said to be almost peculiar to Po- land ; and called plica Polonica. Burton. PLICA'TION, ple-ka'-shun. 132. ; n. s. [plicatura, PLI'CATURE, pllk'-ka-tshure. \ Lat.] Fold; double. More. PLFERS, plP-firz. 98. n. s. [from ply.] An instru- ment by which any thing is laid hold on to bend it. Moxon. 2'oPLIGHT$,pllte.u.a. [plihtan,Sax.] To pledge; to give as suret}*-. Spenser. To braid; to weave. See To Plait. Chancer. PLIGHT, pike. 393. n. s. [plihc, Sax.] Condition ; state. Spenser. Good case. Tusser. [from To plight, to pledge.] Pledge ; gage. Sliak. [from To plight, to braid.] A fold; a pucker; a double; a purfle ; a plait. Spenser. A garment of some kind. Probably a mantle or vlaid. Chapman. PLFGHTER*, pll'-tur. n.«. A pledger; that which plights. Sliakspeare. To FLIM*, pllm. v. n. To swell ; to increase in bulk. Grose. PLINTH, plhth. n. s. [nXivdos, Gr. ; plinthe, Fr.] [In architecture.] That square member which serves as a foundation to the base of a pillar. Harris. To PLOD §, plod. v. n. [ploeghen, Dutch.] To toil ; to moil ; to drudge ; to travel. Dryden. To travel laboriously. Shale. To study closely and dully. Hudibras. PLO'DDER, plod'-dur. 98. n.s. A dull, heavy, la- borious man. Sliakspeare. PLODDING*, plocl'-ding. n. s. The act of studying closely and dully. Dr. Prideaux. PLOT §, pl6t. n. s. [from plat.] A small extent of ground. Spenser. A plantation laid out. Sidney, [plat, Teut.J A form; a scheme ; a plan. Spe?iser. [complot, Fr.l A conspiracy; a secret design formed against another. Daniel. "An intrigue; an affair complicated, involved, and embarrassed ; the story of a play, comprising an artful involution of affairs, unravelled at last by some unexpected means. Pope. Stratagem ; secret combination to any ill end. Milton. Contrivance ; deep reach of thought. Denham. To PLOT, pl6t. v.n. To form schemes of mischief Against another, commonly against those in authori- ty. Psalm xxxvii. To contrive ; to scheme. Wotton. To PLOT, pl6t. v. a. To plan ; to contrive. Dryden. To describe according to ichnography. Carew. PLO'TTER, plot'-tur. 98. n. s. Conspirator. Dry- den. Contriver. Shakspeare. PLOUGH §, plot-. 313, 390. n. s. [plo^e, Sax.] The instrument with which the furrows are cut in the ground to receive the seed. Chapman. Tillage; culture of land. A kind of plane. Ainsworth. To PLOUGH, plou. v. n. To practise aration ; to turn up the "round in order to sow seed. Is. xxviii. To PLOUGH, pldu. v. a. To turn up with the plough. Mortimer. To bring to view by the plough. Woodward. To furrow ; to divide. Addison. To tear ; to furrow. Shakspeare. PLOUGH-ALMS*, ploiV-ams. n. s. [plou-almey, Sax.] Anciently every ploughland paid a penny to the church, called plough-alms. Coicel. PLOU'GHBOY, plou'-boe. n. s. A boy that follows the plough • a coarse, ignorant boy. Watts. PLOU'GHER, ptfu'-ur. 98. n. s. One who ploughs or cultivates ground. Spenser. PLOUGHING*, plduMng. n. s. Operation by the plough. Mortimer. PLOUGHLA'ND, pl6u'-land. n.s. A carucale. Hale. A farm for corn. Donne. PLOUGHMAN, plSu'-man. 88. n. s. One that at- tends or uses the plough ; a cultivator of corn. Bp Taylor. A gross, ignorant rustick. Sliakspeare A strong, laborious man. Arbuthnot. PLOUGHMO'NDAY, pl6u-mun'-de. n. s. The Monday after Twelfth-day. Tusser. PLOUGHSHARE, plou'-share. The part of the plough that is perpendicular to the coulter Sidneu. PLO'VER, phV-vur. 165. n. s. [pluvder, Fr.] A lap- wing. Carew. To PLUCK §, plfik. ViO. [pluccian, Sax.] To pull with nimbleness or force ; to snatch ; to pull ; to draw; to force on or off; to force up or down. Spenser. To strip off feathers. Shak. — To pluck up a heart or spirit. To resume courage. Knclles. PLUCK, pluk. n.s. A pull ; a draw ; a single act ol plucking. Ray. [plughk, Erse.] The heart, liver, and lights, of an animal. PLU'CKER, pluk'-kur. 98. n. s. One that plucks. Mortimer. PLUG §. plug. n. s. [plugg, Swed. ; plugghe, Teut.] A stopple ; any thing driven hard into another body, to stop a hole. Boyle. To PLUG, plug. v. a. To stop with a plug. Sharp. PLUM§, plum. n.s. [plum, plumfcjieop, Sax.] A fruit with a stone. Miller. Raisin ; grape dried in the sun. Shak. In the cant of the city : the sum of one hundred thousand pounds. Addison. The person possessing the plum described in the pre- ceding sense. Toiler. A kind of play, called, How man}' plums for a penny. Ains%vorth. PLUM*, plum. a. The old word for plump. Florio. PLU'MAGE, pliV-midje. 90. n.s. [plumage, Fr.] Feathers; suit of feathers. Bacon. PLUMB §, plum. 347. n. s. [plomb, Fr. ; plumbum, Lat.] A plummet; a leaden weight let down at the end of a line. Cotton. PLUMB, plum. ad. [A piombo, Ital.] Perpendicu larly to the horizon. Milton. Any sudden descent It is sometimes pronounced, ignorantly, plump. Collier. To PLUMB, plum. t>. a. To sound ; to search by a line with a weight at its end. Swift. To regulate any work by the plummet. PLUMBEAN*, plum'-be-an. ) a. [plumbeus, Lat.] PLU'MBEOUS*, plum'-be-us. $ Consisting of lead ; resembling lead. Ellis. PLU'MBER^, plum'-mur. 98. n.s. [plambier, Fr.] One who works upon lead; commonly written plummer. PLUMBERY, phW-mor-e. n.s. Works of lead ; the manufactures of a plumber. Bp. Hall. PLU'MCAKE, plum-kake'. n. s. Cake made with raisins. Fludibras. PLUME §, plume, n. s. [Fr. ; pluma, Lat.] Feather of birds. Shak. Feather worn as an ornament. Sliak. Pride ; towering mien. Sluxk. Token of honour ; prize of contest. Milton. That part of the seed of a plant, which in its growth becomes the trunk. Quincy. To PLUME, plume, v. a. To pick and adjust feathers. Milton, [plumer, Fr.l To strip off feathers. Dry- den. To strip; to pill. Bacon. To feather. Bp. Hall. To place as a plume. Milton. To adorn with plumes. Sliak. To make proud: as, He plumes himself. PLUMEA'LLUM, plume-alMum. n.s. A kind of asbestos. Wilkins. PLU'MELESS*, plumeMSs. a. Without feathers. Eusden. PLUMI'GEROUS. plu-mld'-jer-us. a. [pluma and gero. Lat.] Having feathers ; feathered. PLU'MIPEDE, plu'-me-pede. [See Millepedes.] n. s. [pluma and pes, Lat.] A fowl that has feathers on the foot. Diet. 702 PLU POC -116, move, n6r, n&t ; — tithe, tub, bfill ;-— 6ll ; — p6t\nd; — th'm, thi's. Fulness} disposi- PLU'MMET, plum'-mk 99. n.s. [plomet, old Fr. ; plumbata, Lat.] A weight of lead hung at a string, by which depths are sounded, and perpendiculari- ty is discerned. Millon. Any weight. Duppa. PLUMO'SITY, plu-mos'-se-te. n. s. The state of hav- ing feathers. PLUVIOUS, pliV-mus. 314. a. [plumosus, Lat.] Feathery ; resembling feathers. Woodward. PLUMP §, plump, a. [etymology not known.] Some- what fat; not lean ; sleek ; lull and smooth. Prior. PLUMP, plump, n. s. A knot; a tuft ; a cluster; a number joined in one mass. [Perhaps a corrup- tion of clump.'] Bacon. 55= This word, says Mr. Mason, is now corrupted to clump, and is one of those words that the vulgar con- tinue to speak right, and for which they are laughed at by politer corrupters of language. W. To PLUMP, plump, v. a. To fatten; to swell; to make large. Boyle. To PLUMP, plump, v. n. To fall like a stone into the water, [plompen, Teut.] [from the adjective.] To be swollen. Ainsworth. PLUxWP, plump, ad. [plompen, Teut.] With a sud- den fall. B. Jonson. PLU'MPER, plump'-ur. 98. n.s. Something worn in the mouth to swell out the cheeks. Swift. At elec- tions, a vote for a single candidate. PLUMPLY*, plfimpMe. ad. Roundly; fully. Cot- grave. PLU'MPNESS, plump'-nes. % lion towards fulness. Newton. PLUMPO'RRIDGE^lum-por'-rldje. n.s. Porridge with plums. Addison. PLUMPU'DDING, plfim-pud'-dmg. 410. n. s. Pud- ding made with plums. Toiler. PLUWY, plflmp'-e. a. Plump ; fat. Shakspeare. PLU'MY, pliV-me. a. Feathered; covered with feath- ers. Milton. To PLUNDERS, phV-dur. 98. v.a. [plundern, Germ.; plonderen, Teut.] To pillage ; to rob in a hostile way. South. To take by pillage. Fell. To rob as a thief. Pope. PLU'NDER, plun'-dur. n. s. Pillage ; spoils gotten in war. Otway. PLU'NDERER, plun'-dfir-ur. n. s. Hostile pillager ; a spoiler. A thief; a robber. Addison. To PLUNGES, plunje. 74. v.a. [plonger, Fr.] To put suddenly under water, or under any thing supposed liquid. Millon. To put into any slate suddenly. Dryden. To hurry into any distress. Milton. To force in suddenly. Dryden. To PLUNGE, plunje. v.n. To sink suddenly into wa'er; to dive. Sfuik. To fall or rush into any hazard or distress. Tillotson. To fly into violent and irregular motion. Bp. Hall. PLUNGE, plunje. n. s. Act of putting or sinking under water. Difficulty ; strait ; distress. Sid?iey. PLUNGEON, pkV-jun. n.s. A sea-bird. Ains- icorth. PLU'NGER, phV-jur. 98. n. s. One that plunges ; a diver. Sherwood. PLU'NGY*, plun'-je. a. Wet. Chaucer. Ob. T. PLU'NKET, phmk'-kel. n. s. A kind of blue colour. Ainsworth. PLU'RAL §, plu'-ral, a. [pluralis, Lat.] Implying more than one. Sfuxkspeare. PLU'RALIST, phV-ral-lst. n.s. [ pluraliste, Fr.] One that holds more ecclesiastical benefices than one with cure of souls. Collier. PLURALITY, plu-raF-e-te. n. s. [pluralite, Fr.] The state of being or having a greater number. Bacon. A number more than one. Hammond. More cures of souls than one. Dean Stanhope. The greater number ; the majority. IJ Estrange. PLU'RALLY, plu'-ral-e. ad. In a sense implying more than one. PLU'RISY* pl^-re-se. n. s. [plus, pluris, Lat.] Superabundance. Sliakspeare. PLUSH, plush, n.s. [peluche, Fr.] A kind of villous, or shaggy cloth ; shag ; a kind of woollen velvet. Bacon. PLUSHER, plfish'-ur. n. s. A sea fish. Carew. PLU'VIAL, phV-ve-al. ) a. [pluvia, Lat.] Rainy} PLU'VIOUS, phV-ve-fis. \ relating to rain. Brown PLU/VIAL, phV-ve-al. n.s. [pluvial, old Fr.] A priest's cope. Ai?isworth. To PLY $, pll. v. a. [pieman, Sax.] To work op any thing closely and importunately. Dryden. To employ with diligence ; to keep busy ; to set on work. Spenser. To practise diligently. Milton. To solicit importunately. Shale. To bend ; to in- cline. Gower. To fold. See To Plight. To PLY, pll. v. n. To work, or offer service. Addi- son. To go in haste. Milton. To busy one's self Dryden. [plier, Fr.] To bend. Gower. PLY, pll. n. s. Bent ; turn ; form ; cast ; bias. Bacon. Plait; fold. Arbuthnot. PLY/ERS, pll'-firz. 98. n. s. See Pliers. PLY'ING*, pll'-ing. n.s. Importunate solicitation. Hammond. [In naval language.]. Endeavour to make way against the direction of the wind. PNEUMA'TICAL, nu-matMe-kal. ) a. [irvevnart- PNEUMA'TICK, nu-mat'-tik. 509. $ ko S .] Moved by wind; relative to wind. Boyle. Consisting of spirit or wind. Bacon. §CF* I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in these words, as I apprehend it is contrary to analogy, and the best usage, to pronounce the initial p. G and k before n are always silent, as in gnomon, knave, &c. B is not heard in bdellium, not p in psalm, ptisan, &c. ; and, till some good reasons are offered for pronouncing it in the words in question, I mus f join with Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, who have sunk it as I have done. W. PNEUMA'TICKS, nu-mat'-lSks. n. s. [pneumatique, Fr.; -Kvevfxa, Gr.] A branch of mechanicks, which considers the doctrine of the air, or laws according to which that fluid is condensed, ranfied, or gravi- tates. Harris. [In the schools.] The doctrine of spiritual substances, as God, angels, and the souls of men. Diet. PNEUMATO'LOGY, nva-ma-tol'-li-je. n.s. [irvev- jxaro\oyia.] The doctrine of spiritual existence. Reid. PNEUMO'NICKS*, nu-m6nMks. n.s. [™>^u>*.] Medicines for diseases of the lungs. To POACH §, potsh. 352. v. a. [oeufs pochez, Fr.] To boil slightly. Bacon. To begin without com- pleting : from the practice of boiling eggs slightly. Bacon. [ pocher, Fr.] To stab; to pierce. Carew [poche, a pocket.] To plunder bv stealth. Garth. To POACH, potsh. v. n. [poche, Fr.] To steal game ; to cany off game privately in a bag. Beaumont and Fletcher. To be damp; to be swampy. Mortimer. POA'CHARD, p6tsh / -ard. n.s. A kind of water fowl. POACHER, polsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One who steals game. More. POACHINESS, p6tsh'-e-nes. n. s. Marshiness; dampness. Mortimer. POACHY, p6tsh'-e. a. Damp ; marshy. Mortimer. POCK, pok. n.s. [poc, Sax.] A pustule raised by the smallpox. PO'CKET^, pok'-klt. 88. n.s. [pocca, Sax.; pochet, Fr.] The small bag inserted into clothes. Prior A pocket is used in trade for a certain quantity : as, a pocket of hops, because it is a poke or sack. To POCKET, pok'-'klt. v. a. [pocheter, Fr.] To put in the pocket. Pope. — To pocket up. A prover- bial form that denotes the doing or taking any thing clandestinely. Shakspeare. PGCKETBOOK, p6k'-krt-b6dk. n. s. A paper book carried in the pocket for hasty notes. Watts. POCKETGLASS, pok'-klt-glas. n. s. Portable looking-glass. Prior. POCKFRETTEN* pok'-frel-len. a. [pock and fret, to corrode.] Pitted with the smallpox. POCKHOLE, pok'-hole. n. s. Pit or scar made by the smallpox. Donne. POCKINESS, pok'-ke-nes. ?i.s. The state of oeing pocky PO'CKY, pok'-ke. a. [from^.] Infected wkh the pox. DenJwm. 703 POI POK O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— mh, met;— pine, p?n;- PO'CULENT, p&k'-Ku-ient. a. [poculum, Lat.] Fit for drink. Bacon. POD §, pod. w. s. [bode, boede, Dutch.] The capsule of legumes ; the case of seeds. Mortimer. PODA GR1CAL, p6-dag'-gre-kal. a. [^aypiKd?.] Afflicted with the gout. Brown. Gouty; relating to the gout. PO'DDER, pod' -dor. n. s. A gatherer of peaseods, beans, and other pulse. Diet. PODGE, podje. n. s. A puddle ; a plash. Skinner. PO'EM, pd'-em. 99. n. s. [poema, Lat.; jroty/xa, Gr.] The work of a poet j a metrical composition. B. Jonson. PO'ESY, po'-e-se. n. s. [poesie, Fr. ; poesis, Lat. ; ■xoiriaic, Gr.] The art of writing poems. B. Jonson. Poem ; metrical composition ; poetry. Shale. A short conceit engraved on a ring or other thing. Shakspeare. PO'ET§, p6'-et. 99. n. s. [poete, Fr. ; poeta,_Lat.; troiriTn';, Gr.] An inventor ; an author of fiction ; a writer of poems ; one who writes in measure. Dry- den. POETASTER, p5'-e-tas-u?ir. n. s. [poetastre, Fr.] A vile, petty poet. B. Jonson. PO'ETESS, pO'-et-tgs. n. s. [poetesse, old Fr.] A female poet. Bp. TIalL POE'TICAL, p6-et -te-kal. ) a. [zoi^TLKbg, Gr. poeti- POE'TICK, p6-eV- Jk. 509. S cus, Lat.] Expressed in poetry ; pertaining to poetry ; suitable to poetr}'. Shakspeare'. POE'TICALLY, po-et'-te-kal-le. ad. With the qualities of poetry ; by the fiction of poetry. Dry- den. POE'TICKS*. po-et'-tlks. n. s. The doctrine of poe- try. Dr. Warton. To PO'ETIZE, po'-et-lze. v. n. [poetiser, Fr.] To write like a poet. Donne. PO'ETRESS, pd'-et-rSs. n. s. [poetris, Lat.] A she poet. Spenser. POETRY, po'-e-tre. n. s. [poeterie, old Fr.] Met- rical composition ; the art or practice of writing poems. Cleaveland. Poems; poetical pieces. Shakspeare. POFGNANCY, p5e'-nan-se. 387. n. s. The power of stimulating the palate ; sharpness. Swift. The power of irritation ; asperity. POI'GNANTS, p6e'-nant. 387. a. [poignant, Fr.] Sharp; penetrating. Spenser. Sharp; stimulating the palate. Beaum. and Fl. Severe ; piercing ; painful. South. Irritating; satirkal; keen. POFGNANTLY*, poe'-nant-le. ad. In a pierc- ing, stimulating, or irritating manner. POINTS, p6fnt. 299. n. s. [poinct, point, Fr. ; punc- tual, Lat.] The sharp end of any instrument, or body. Sliak. A string with a tag. Shak. Head- land; promontory. Addison. A sting of an epi- gram ; a sentence terminated with some remarka- ble turn of words or thought. Drydcn. An indi- visible part of space. Locke. An indivisible part of time ; a moment. Davies. A small space. Prior. Punctilio ; nicety. Selden. Part required of time or space; critical moment ; exact place. Gen.xxv. Degree; state. Sidney. Note of distinction in writing ; a stop. Pope. A spot ; a part of a sur- face divided by spots ; the ace or sise point. One of the degrees into which the circumference of the horizon and the mariner's compass is divided. Bacon. Particular place to which any thing is di- rected. Brown. Particular ; particular mode. Shak. An aim; the act of aiming: or striking. Shak. The particular thing required ; the aim the thing points at. Roscommon. Particular; instance; example. Temple. A single position; a single assertion ; a single part of a complicated question ; a single part of any whole. Daniel. A note ; a tune. Shak. Condition. Chaucer. — Pointblank. Directly : as, an arrow is shot to the pointblank or white mark. Bacon. Point devise or device ; In its primary sense, work performed by the needle; and the term pointlace is still familiar to every female : in a secondary sense, point devise became applica- ble to whatever was uncommonly exact, or con- structed with the nicety and precision of stitches made or devised by the needle. Shakspeare. To POINT, point, v. a. To sharpen; to forge or grind to a point. Bacon. To direct towards an object, by way of forcing it on the notice. Shak. To direct the eye or notice. Pope. To show, as by directing the finger. Numb, xxxiv. [pointer, Fr.] To direct towards a place : as. The cannon were pointed against the fort. To distinguish by stops or points. Knatchbull. To appoint. Spenser. To POINT. pSfnt. v. n. To note with the finger ; to force upon the notice, by directing the finger to wards it. Ray. To distinguish words or sentences by points. Forbes. To indicate, as dogs do to sportsmen. Gay. To show distinctly. Swift. POVNTED, p8int / -e ! d. «. or participle. Sharp; hav- ing a sharp point or pique. Dryden. Epigram- matical ; abounding in conceits. Pope. POI'NTEDLY, p6int'-ecl-le. ad. In a pointed man- ner. Dryden. POI'NTEDNESS, p5int'-&I-n3s. n. s. Sharpness ; pickedness with asperity. B. Jonson. Epigram matical smartness. Dryden. POFNTEL, p61nt'-el n. s. [pointille, Fr.] A kind oi pencil, or style. Wicliffe. Any thing on a point. Derham. POFNTER, poW-iir. 98. n.s. Anything that points. Watts. A dog that points out the game to sports- men. Gay. POFNTINGSTOCK, pdlnt'-fng-stok. n.s. Some- thing made the object of ridicule. Shakspeare. POI'INTLESS, pSlnt'-lgs. a. Blunt; not sharp; ob- tuse. Dryden. POISE*, poeze. 299. n. s. See Poize. But poise is now the usual and the correct way of writing it. POFSON5, p5<^ z'n. 170, 299. n. s. [poison, Fr.] That which Jestroys or injures life by a small quantity, and by means not obvious to (he senses ; venom. Davies. Any thing infectious or malig- nant. Whole Duty of Man. To POI'SON, poe'-z'n. v. a. To infect with poison. Roscommon. To attack, injure, or kill by poison given. 2 Mace. x. To corrupt ; to taint. Shak. POISON-TREE, p6e'-z'n-tree. n. s. A plant. Mil- ler. POPSONER, p6e 7 -z'n-fir. 98. n. s. One who poisons. Shakspeare. A corrupter. South. POFSONFUL*,poe'-z'n-ful. a. Replete with venom. Dr. White. POFSONING*, p6e'-zm-?ng. n. s. Act of adminis- tering or killing by poison. Ashinole. POFSONOUS, poe'-z'n-us. a. Venomous; having the qualities of poison. Sfutlcspeare. POFSONOUSLY, pde'-z'n-us-le. ad. Venomously. Smth. POFSONOUSNESS^Se'-z'n-us-ngs. n. s. The qual- ity of being poisonous ; venomousness. POFTREL, poe'-trel. 299. n. s. [poictrel, Fr.; pet- torale, Ital. ; pectorale, Lat.] Armour for the breast of a horse. Skinner. A graving tool: probably pointel, or style, is the true word. POIZE §, poeze. 299. n. s. [poise, pese, old Fr.; poids, later.] Weight ; force of any thing tending to the centre. Sir T.Elyot. Balance; equipoise; equilibrium. Bentley. A regulating power. Dry- den. To POIZE, p5eze. v. a. [peser, Fr.] To balance ; to hold or place in equiponderance. Sidney. To load with weight. Milton. To be equiponderant to. Sfiak. To weigh ; to examine by the balance. South. To oppress with weight. Shakspeare. POKES, p6ke. n. s. [pocca, Sax.; poche, Fr.; poke, Icel.] A bag; a sack, in the north of England. Camden. To POKE, poke. v. a. [poka, Swed.] To feel in the dark ; to search any thing with a long instrument. Brovm. PO'KER,, p6'-kur. 98. n. s. The iron bar with which men stir the fire. Swift. PO'KING*, p6'-kmg. a. Drudging ; servile : a col- loquial expression. Gray. POKING-STICK, po'-klng-stlk. n. s. An instrument 704 POL POL — 116, move, ndr, not; — tdbe, tub, bull; — oil; — pound; — thm, THis. anciently made use of to adjust the plaits of the ruffs which were then worn. Middleton. PO LACRE*, p6-lak / -ur. ) n. s. A Levantine ves- PO'LAQUE*, pd-lak'. S sel. PO'LAR, po'-lar. 88. a. [polaire, Fr.] Found near the pole ; lying near the pole ; issuing from the pole 5 relating to the pole. Milton. POLARITY, p6-lar / -e-te. n. s. Tendency to the pole. Brown. PO'LARY, pd'-lar-e. a. [polaris, Lat.] Tending to the pole ; having a direction toward the poles. Brown. POLE §, pile, n. s. [polus, Lat. ; pole, Fr.] The ex- tremity of the axis of the earth ; either of the points on which the world turns. Milton., [pole. Sax.] A long staff. Bacon. A tall piece of timber erected. Shak. A measure of length containing five yards and a half. Spenser. An instrument of measuring. Bacon. To POLE, pole. v. a. To furnish with poles. Mor- timer. PO'LEAXE, pole'-aks. n. s. An axe fixed to a long pole. Howell. PO'LECAT, pole'-kat. n. s. [Pole or Polish cat.] The fitchew : a stinking animal. Shakspeare. PO'LEDAVY, p6le'-da-ve. n. s. A sort of coarse cloth. Howell. POLEMICAL §, po-lcm'-me-kal. )a. [™X £/ n/ca f .] POLE MICK §, p6-lem / -mik. 509. 5 Controversial 5 disputative. Fell. $5= The in these words is under the same predicament as that in obedience, which see. W. POLE'MICK, pd-lem'-m^k. n. s. Disputant; contro- vert st. Pope. POLE'MOSCOPE, p6-lem''-os-k6pe. n. s. [116^0? and GKoirtu).] [In opticks.] A kind of crooked or oblique perspective glass, contrived for seeing objects that do not he directly before the eye. Diet. PO'LESTAR, pole'-star. n. s. A star near the pole, by which navigators compute their northern lati- tude ; cynosure ; lodestar. Dryden. Any guide or director. Burton. POLE Y-MOUNTAIN, po'-le-moun-tin. n. s. A plant. Miller. POLICE, po-lees'. 112. n. s. [Fr.] The regulation and government of a city or country, so far as re- gards the inhabitants. Bp. Berkeley. PO'LICED, p6-leest'. 359. ) a. [police, Fr.] Regu- PO'LICIED*, pol'-e-sM. ) lated 5 formed into a regular course of administration. Bacor . POLICY, p&l'-le-se. n. s. [iroXiTcia, Gr.; politia, Lat.] The art o*" government, chiefly with respect to foreign powers. Art ; prudence ; management of affairs ; stratagem. SJiak. [jwliga, Span.] A warrant for money in the publick funds; a ticket; a warrant for some peculiar kinds of claim. Black- stone. In Scotland, the pleasure-grounds about a gentleman's mansion. Gray. TVPO'LISHS, pol'-llsh. v. a. [polio, Lat. ; polir, Fr.] To smooth ; to brighten by attrition ; to gloss. Ecclus, xxxviii. To refine; to make elegant of manners. Bp. Taylor. To PO'LISH, polMfsh. v. n. To answer to the act of polishing; to receive a gloss. Bacon. PO'LISIL p6l'-l!sh. 544. n.s. [poli, polissur «, Fr.] Artificial gloss; brightness given by attrition. Ad- dison. Elegance of manners. Addison. PO USEABLE, pol'-Osh-a-bl. a. [polissable, Fr.] Capable of being polished. Coigrave. PO'LISHEDNESS*. polM'ish-ed-nes. n. s. State of being polished, or glossed. Donne. State of being refined, or elegant. Coventry. PO LISHER, pol'-llsh-fir. 98. n. s. The person or instrument that gives a gloss. Addison. PO'LISHING*, pol'-l'ish-hig. n.s. Brightness given by attrition. Lam. iv. Refinement. Goldsmith. POLITE §, po-hV. 170. a. [prates, Lat.] Glossy; smooth. Smith. Polished ; refined. Wotlon. Ele- gant of manners. Pope. POLITELY, pi-llte'-le. ad. With refinement ; with skill. Austin. With elegance of manners; gen- teelly. TVarton. POLITENESS, po-llte'-nes. n. s. [politcsse, Fr.] Refinement. Blackwall. Elegance of manners; gentility ; good breeding. Swift. POLITICAL, po-nV-te-kal. 170. a. [wArn^s.] Re- lating to politicks; relating to the administration of publick affairs; civil. KeUleivell. Cunning; skilful. POLITICALLY, p6-hY-te-kal-e. arf.With relation to publick administration. Mede. Artfully ; political- ly. Knolles. POLITICA'STER, P 6-llt-t6-kasMur. n. s. A petty, ignorant pretender to politicks. L' 'Estrange. POLITICIAN, P 6l-Ie-t!sh'-an. n. s. [politicien, Fr.] One versed in the arts of government ; one skilled in politicks. Shak. A man of artifice; one of deep contrivance. South. POLITICIAN*, pol-le-tlsh'-an. a. Cunning ; play- ing the part of a man of artifice. Milion. POLITICK §, pol'-le-tlk. a. [ttoXitikos.'] Political ; civil. In this sense political is almost always used, except in the phrase body politick. Sidney. Pru- dent; versed in affairs. Shak. Artful; cunning. In this sense political is not used. Bacon. PO'LITICK*, pol'-le-tlk. n. s. A politician. Ba- con. PO^LITICKLY, pol'-le-tfk-le. ad. Artfully; cun- ningly. Shakspeare. PO'LITICKS, polMe-tlks. n. s. The science of government ; the art or practice of administering publick affairs. Dryden. To POTITIZE*, polMe-tlze. v. n. To play the politician. Milton. Oh. T. POTITURE, pol'-le-tshure. n. s.[politure, Fr.] The gloss given by the act of polishing. Donne. POLITY §, p6l / -le-te. n. s. [™A.] That multiplies or magnifies sounds. Diet. D^p The reason that the o, though under the secondary accent, in the first syllable of this and several follow- ing words, is long, is because two vowels succeed it in the following syllables. — See Principles, No. 534. W. POLYA'NTHOS, p6-le-am'-tfius. n. s. [notes and avdos-] A plant. Thomson. PO'LYCHREST*. pol'-le-krest. n. s. [notes and Xpr)CTos.~\ [In medicine.] A term for what serves for many uses ; any thing useful for several purposes. Evelyn. POLYE'DRICAL, P 6-le-£d / -dre-kal. ) a. [notee- POLYE'DROUS, po-le-e'-dras. 314. $ Saos, Gr. ; polyedre, Fr.] Having many sides. Boijle. )N*, POLYE'DRON*, p6-le-e'-dr6n. re. s. A multiplying- glass. Reid. POLY'GAMIST, p6-lig'-ga-m?st. n. s. One that holds the lawfulness of more wives than one at a time. Hammond. POLY'GAMYS, p6-llg'-ga-me. 518. n.s. [polyga- mie, Fr. ; noteyafxia, Gr.] Plurality of wives. Locke. POLYGLOT, pol'-le-glfit. a. [-oXvyXwrro?, Gr.; polyglotte, Fr.] Having many languages. Knatch- bull. PO'LYGLOT* p6F-le-glot. n. s. One who under- stands many languages. Howell. That which con- tains many languages. Abp. Newcome. PO'LYGON §, p6P-le-g6n. 166. n. s. [notes and 7 co- vla.J A figure of many angles. Watts. POLY'GONAL, p6-lig / -g6-nal. a. Having many an- gles. POLY'GONY*, p6-l?g / -g6-ne. n. s. [polygonum, Lat J Knotgrass. Spenser. PO LYGRAM, polMe-gram. n. s. [notes and ypd[x- fia. A figure consisting of a great number of lines. Diet, POLY'GRAPHY, p6-!rg'-gra-fe. n. s. [notes and ypacpfi.J The art of writing in several unusual man- ners or cipher ; as also deciphering the same. Bur- ton. POLYHEDRON t, pol-e-he'-d^n. n.s. Anything with manv sides. POLY'LOGY, p6-lilM6-je. 518. n. s. [notes and \oybs.] Talkativeness. Granger. D OLY'MATHY, p6-lW-ma-^e. 518. n. s. [notes ana n&vQavu> 1 The knowledge of many arts and sciences ; also an acquaintance with many differ- ent subjects. HaHlib. POLY'PHONISM, p6-lif'-fc-n?zm. n. s. [notes and dxovri.] Multiplicity of sound DerJutm. POLYPE'TALOUS, P 6l-le-pet'-tal-us.a. [T Xt) ? and niratev.] Having many petals. POLYPODE*, p6F-le-p6de. ) n. s. [polvpodium, PO'LYPODY, P 6-lip'-6-de. \ Lat.] A plant. Mi- ler. PO'LYPE*. pol'-tfp. n. s. A sea animal ; the poly- pus. Davies. A small water insect. PO'LYPOUS, p&lMe-pus. . 314. a. Having the na- ture of a polypus ; having many feet or roots. Ar buthnot. PO'LYPUS$, pol'-le-pus. n. s. [notevovs.] Any thing in general with many roots or feet, as a swell- ing in the nostrils; but it is likewise applied to a tough concretion of grumous blood iu the heart and arteries. Shaip. A sea animal with many feet. Pope. POLYSCOPE, p&lMe-skc.pe. n. s. [notes and cko- imoj A multipiving glass. Diet. PQ'LYSPAST, pol'^le-spast. n. s. [polyspaste, Fr.] A machine consisting of manv pulleys. Diet. POLYSPERM §*, pol'-le-speYm. re. s. [note cne?- l/a.~] Any tree's fruit containing many of its seed's. Evelyn. POLY'SPE'RMOUS, pol-le-speV-mus. a. [notes and cnepua.] Those plants which have more than four seeds succeeding each flower, and this without any certain order or number. Quincy. POLYSYLLA'BICAL, p&l-le-sil-lab'-be-kal. ) POLYSYLLA'BICK* pol-le-sn-lab'-ik. } a ' Having many syllables; pertaining to a polysylla- ble. lv avion. POLYSYLLABLES, pol'-le-sfl-la-bl. n. s. [notes and oT.AXa/3^.] A word of manv syllables. Holder. POLYSYNDETON, po-l-le-sln'-de-ton. n.s. [note- ^vvSetov.] A figure of rhetorick by which the copu- lative is often repeated : as, I came, and saw, and overcame. POLYTHEISM §, polMe-^e-izm. [pol'-e-tfie-izm. Jones; pol-e-Z/ie'-fzm, Perry.'] n.s. [notes ana Oebs.] The doctrine of plurality of gods. Stilling- fleet. POLY'THEIST, p&lMi-tfiWst. [pftl'-e-^e-Ist, Jones; pol-e-^/je'-lst. Perry.'] n. s. One that holds plurali ty of gods. Duncombe. POLYTHEFSTICAL*. p6l-le-i/ie-?s'-te-kal. ; n POLYTHEPSTICK*, 'pol-le-^e-ls'-tlk. 5 °" Holding plurality of gods. A. Smith. POMA'CE. n. s. [pomaceum, Lat.] The dross of cider pressings. Diet. POMA^EOUS, po-ma'-shus. 357. a. [pomum,Lat.] Consisting of apples. Philips. POMA'DE, pi-made', n. s. [Fr. ; pomado, Ital.] A fragrant ointment. PO'MANDER, p6-man'-dur. 98. n.s. [pomme d'am- bre, Fr.] A sweet ball ; a perfumed ball or pow- der. Shakspeare. POMATUM, po-ma'-tum. n.s. [Lat.] An oint ment for the hair. R. Tinner. To POMA'TUM*, p6-ma'-tum. d. a. To apply po- matum to the hair. To POME, pome. v. n. [pommer, Fr.] To grow to a round head like an apple. Did. P03IECFTRON. pum-siV-trim. n. s. [pome and cit- ron.] A citron apple. B. Jonson. POMEGRANATE, pfim-gran'-nat. 91. n. s. [po- mum granatum, Lat.] The tree. Miller. The fruit. Peacham. PO'MERO Y. pfim'-rfle. ) n. s. A sort of apple. PO'MEROYAL, pftm-r6e / -al. ] Ainsicorth. PO'ME WATER*, pSm'-wa-tur. n. s. A sort of ap- ple. Shakspeare. POMFFEROUS, P 6-mIf / -f?r-us. a. [pomifer, Lat.] A term applied to plants which have the largest fruit, and are covered with thick, hard rind. Ray. PO'MMEL §, pfim'-mfl. 99. n.s. [pomellus, low Lat.] A round ball or knob. Sidney. The knob that balances the blade of the sword. Sidney. The protuberant part of the saddle before. Dry den. 706 PON POP — no, move, n8r, not 5 — lube, tub, bull :— 61I ; — pound ; — thm, THi Magnifi- To POMMEL, piW-mll. v. a. [pommder, Fr.] To beat with any thing 1 thick or bulky ; to beat black and blue ; to bruise 5 to punch. Beaumont and Fletcher. POMMELED*, puny-mild. a. [In heraldry.] De- noting the pommel of a sword or dagger. POMP I, pomp. n. s. [ pompe, Fr. ; pompa, Lat. ; iropirri, Gr.J A procession of splendour and osten- tation. Milton, Splendour; pride. Catechism, Com. Prayer. POMPA'TICK*, p6m-pal'-?k. a. [pompatus, Lat.] Pompous ; ostentatious. Barrow. POMPET*, pom'-pet. n. s. [pompette, Fr.] The ball with which a printer blacks the letters. Cotgrave. POMPHOLYX, pom'-fA-lfks. n.s. A white, light, and friable substance, found in crusts adhering to the domes of the furnaces and to the covers of the crucibles in which brass is made. Hill. PO'MPION, pum'-pe-un. 165. n. s. [pompon, Fr.] A pumpkin. Goodman. PO'MPIRE, pum'-pire. n. s. [pomum and pyrus, LatJ A sort of pearmain. Ainsworth. POMPOSITY*, pom-pos'-se-te. n. s. Ostentatious- ness ; boastfulness. Aikin. A modern word. PO'MPOUS§, pom'-pus. 314. a. [pompeux, Fr.] Splendid; magnificent; grand; showy. Pope. POMPOUSLY, pom'-pus-le. ad. Magnificently;! splendidly. Dryaen. POMPOUSNESS, pW-pus-ngs. cence ; splendour. Addison. POND, p6nd. n. s. [supposed to be the same with pound ; from pmban, Sax.] A small pool or lake of water; a basin ; water not running or emitting any stream. Sidney. To PONDER §, pon'-dur. 98. v. a. [ponder 0, Lat.] To weigh mentally; to consider; to attend. St. Luke, ii. To PO'NDER, pdn'-d&r. v. n. To think ; to muse : with on. Shakspeare. PO'NDERABLE, p8n'-dur-a-bl. a. [pondero, Lat.] Capable to be weighed; mensurable by scales. Brown. PONDERAL, pon'-dur-al. a. Estimated by weight, distinguished from numeral. Arbuthnot. PONDERA'TION, pon-dur-a'-shun. n. s. The act- of weighing. Bp. Hall. PONDERER, pon'-dur-ur. n. s. One who ponders. Whitlock. PONDERINGLY*, pon'-dur-?ng-le. ad. With due estimation. Hammond. PONDEROSITY, pon-dur-os'-se-te. n.s. [ponde- rosity, Fr.] Weight; gravity; heaviness. Brown. PO'NDEROUS §, pon'-d&r-us. 314. a. [ponderosus, Lai.] Heavy ; weighty. Bacon. Important ; mo- mentous. Sliak. Forcible; strongly impulsive. Bacon. PONDEROUSLY, p&n'-dur-us-le. ad. With great weight. PO'NDEROUSNESS, pon'-dur-us-nes. n.s. Heavi- ness ; weight ; gravity. Boyle. PO'NDWEED, pond'-weed. n. s. A plant. Ains- woi-th. PO'NENT, p6'-n2nt. [See Levant.] a. [ponente, Ital.] Western. Milton. PONIARD §, p6n'-yard. 113, 272. n. s. [poignard, Fr.] A dagger ; a short stabbing weapon. Slwtk- To PO'NIARD, pon'-yard. v. a. To stab with a poniard. Cotgrave. PONK, ponk. n. s. [puke, Icel.] A nocturnal spirit. Spenser. PONTAGE, pon'-rfdje. 90. n. s. [pontage, Fr. ; pon- tagium, low Lat.] Duty paid for the reparation of bridges. Ayliffe. pontifex, PO'NTIFF§, pon'-tff. n. s. [pontife, F Lat.] A priest; a high priest. Bacon. The pope. Blackstone. PONTFFICAL, p8n-u"f-fe-kal. a. [pontifical, Fr. ; poniificalis , Lat.] Belonging to a high priest. Fulfce. Popish. Raleigh. Splendid ; magnificent. Sluik. [from pons and facio.'] Bridge-building. Milton. PONTFFICAL, pon-tif-fe-kal. n. s. [pontificate. Lat.] A book containing rites and ceremonies ecclesiastical. South. Dress and ornament of a priest or bishop. Loivlh. P6NTIFICA / LITY*,p6n-u"f-fe-kaI'-e-te. n.s. The state and government of the pope of Rome ; the papacy. Abp. Usher. PONTFFICALLY, pon-ttf-fe-kal-e. ad. In a pon- tifical manner. PONTFFICATE, p6n-t?F-fe-kat. 90. n.s. [pontifical,. Fr. ; pontificatus, Lat.] Papacy; popedom. Ad' dison. PO'NTIFICE, pon'-te-fk 142. n.s. [pons and fa do.] Bridge-work ; edifice of a bridge. Milton. PONTIFFCIAL^pon-te-fish'-al.a. Popish. Burton PONTIFFCIAN, p6n-te-f?sh'-an. a. Papistical jpoi. tificial. Bp. Hall. PONTIFFCIAN, pdn-te-ffsh'-an. n. s. One who ad heres to the pope; a papist. Mounta^ue. PONTFFICK*, pon-df-Ik. a. Relating to priests. Milton. Popish. Shenstone. PO NTLEVIS, pontMe-vk n. s. [In horsemanship .J A disorderly, resisting action of a horse in diso- bedience to his rider, in which he rears up several times running. Bailey. PO'NTON, pdn-tdon'. [See Poltron and En- core.] n. s. [Fr.] A floating bridge or invention to pass over water; made of two great boats placed at some distance from one another, both planked over, as is the interval between them, with rails on their sides: the whole so strongly built as to carry over horse and cannon. Military Diet. PONY, po'-ne. n.s. A small horse. POOL, pool. 306. n.s. [pul, Sax.] A lake of standing water. See Poule. Bacon. POOP §, poop. 306. n. s. [pouppe, Fr. ; puppis, Lat.] The hindmost part of the ship. Sidney. To POOP*, p66p. v. a. A ship is said to be pooped, when it receives on the poop the shock of a high and heavy sea. POOR$, poor. 306. a. [poune, Norm. Sax. ; pau- tve, Fr.; povre, Span.] Not rich; indigent; ne- cessitous; oppressed with want. Slutk. "Trifling; narrow; of little dignity, force, or value. Bacon. Paltry ; mean ; contemptible. Bacon. Unimpor • tant. Swift. Unhappy; uneasy; pitiable. Waller. Mean; depressed; low; dejected. Bacon. [A word of tenderness.] Dear. [A word of slight contempt.] Wretched. Baker. Not good ; not fit for any purpose. Sliak. — The poor, [collectively.] Those who are in the lowest rank of the communi- ty ; those who cannot subsist but by the charity of others; but it is sometimes used with laxity for any not rich. South. — Barren ; dry : as, a poor soil. Lean ; starved; emaciated. Gen. xli. Without spirit ; flaccid. POORJOHN. poor-jSn'. n. s. A sort offish. Burton. POORLY, P 6'6r'-le. ad. Without wealth. Sidney. Not prosperously; with little success. Bacon. Mean- ly; without spirit. Sluik. Without dignity. Wot- tcn. POO'RLY, pSorMe. a. A colloquial expression, in several parts of England, for indifferent in health. POORNESS, poor'-n&s. n. s. Poverty; indigence; want. CJiapman. Meanness ; lowness ; want of dignity. Howell. Narrowness ; want of capacity. Spectator. Sterility; barrenness. Bacon. POORSPFRITED, poSr-spfrMt-gd. a. Mean ; cow- ardly. Dennis. POORSPFRITEDNESS, P 66r-spfr 7 -lt-eM-ne , s. n. s. Meanness; cowardice. South. POP§, pop. n. s. [poppysma, Lat.] A small, smart, quick sound. Addison. To POP, p6p. v. n. To move or enter with a quick, sudden, and unexpected motion. Carew. To POP, pop. v. a. To put out or in suddenly, slyly, or unexpectedly. Sluik. To shift. Locke. POP*, pop. ad. Suddenly; unexpectedly. Beaumont and Fletcher. POPE §, pope. n. s. [papa, Lat. ; Trdnicas. Gr.J The bishop of Rome. Slmk. A small fish. Walton. 707 POR POR \ST 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, mSt ;— pine, p'n POPE-JOAN*, p6pe-j6ne'. n. s. A game at cards. Jenner. POPEDOM, p6pe'-dum. 166. n. s. [pope and dom.] Papacy ; papal dignity. Sfwksneare. POTELING*, p6pe / -lmg. n. s. One that adheres to the pope. Troub. Reign of K. John. POPERY, po'-pur-e. 555. n.s. The religion of the church of Rome. Swift. POPESEY'E, pips'-I. n. s. The gland surrounded with fat in the middle of the thigh. PO'PGUN, pop'-gfln. n. s. A gun with which chil- dren play, that only makes a noise. Cheyne. PO PINJAY, pop^pm-ja. n. s. [papegaij, Dutch.] A. parrot. Ascham. A woodpecker. Peacham. A trifling fop. Shakspeare. POTISTrl, pi'-pfsh. c. Taught by the pope 5 relating! POROUSNESS, p6'-rus-n§s. n.s. The quality of to popery ; peculiar to popery. Hooker. having pores ; the porous part. Digby. POTISHLY, P 6 / -p?sh-le. ad. With tendency to po- j PORPHYRE, por'-f&r. > n. s. [iropQipa, Gr. ; por- pery; in a popish manner. Addison. jj PORPHYRY, por'-fur-e. ) phy rites, Lat. ;porjjhy PO'PLAR. p&p'-lar. 88. n. s. [peuplier, Fr. 3 populus, [I re, Fr j Marble of a particular kind. Peacham. Lat.] A tree. Miller. j PORPOISE, I „*,,/* \ n. s. [pore poisson, Fr.] [iropiariKos .] [In mathematicks.] That which de- termines when, by what means, and how many different ways, a problem may be solved. Diet. PORK§,p6rk. n.s. [pore, Fc; porcus, Lat.] Swine's flesh unsalted. Sheik. A hog: a pig. Milton. PORKEATER, P 6rk'-e-tur. n. s. <3ne who feeds on pork. Shakspeare. PO'RKEPv, p6rk / -ur. n. s. A hog ; a pig. Pope. PORKET, p6rk'-it. 99. n. s. A young hog. Dryden. PORKLING, pork'-llng. 410. n. s. A young pig. Tusser. PORO'SITY^i-ros'-se-tc. n.s. [porosite ,Fr.] Qual- ity of having pores. Bacon. POROUS §, pRPOISE, I A> % PORPUS, S P " PUS " I TheVea-ho'g. Locke. PORRA'CEOUS, pSr-ra'-shus. a. [porraceus, Lat.] Greenish. Wiseman. PORRE'CTION, p6r-rek / -shun. rt. s. [porrectio, Lat J The act of reaching forth. PO/RRET, por'-rlt. 99. ti.s. [porrum, Lat.] A seal- lion. Brown. PO'PULACY, pdp'-pu-la-se. n. s. The common peo- ij PORRIDGE, pSr'-rldje. n. s. [more properly par- pie ; the multitude. King Clmrles. POTULAR§, pcV-pu-lar. 88. a. [populaire, Fr.;\ populariSfhai.] Vulgar; plebeian. Mdton. Suit- 1 able to the common people : familiar ; not critical. | Hooker. Beloved by the people ; pleasing to the people. Hooker. Studious of the favour of the peo- ple. Dryden. Prevailing or raging among the populace : as, ^popular distemper. POPULARITY, pop-pu-lar'-e-te. n. s. [populari- tas, Lat.] Graciousness among the people ; state of being favoured by the people. Bacon. Repre- sentation suited to vulgar conception; what af- fects the vulgar. Bacon. POTULARLY, p&p'-pu-lar-le. ad. In a popular manner ; so as to please the crowd. Dryden. Ac- cording to vulgar conception. Brown. To POTULATE $, pop'-pu-Jate. v. n. [populus, Lat.] To breed people. Bacon. POPULA'TION^op-pu-la'-shun. n.s. The state of a coutitry with respect to numbers of people. Bacon. POPULO'SITY, p6p-pu-kV-e te. n. s. [populosiU, Fr.] Populousness; multitude of people. Brown. POTULOUS §, p&p'-pu-lfis. 314. a.[populosus, Lat.] Full of people ; numerously inhabited. Milton. POPULOUSLY, p6p'-pu-lus-le. ad. With much people. FO'PULOUSNESS, pop'-pu-lfis-nes. n. s. The state of abounding with people. Fuller. PORCELAIN, p6r'-se-lane. n. s. [porcelaine, Fr. ; porcellana, Ital.] China; china ware ; fine dishes, of a middle nature between earth and glass, and therefore semipellucid. Bacon, [portulaca, Lat.] An herb. Ainsworth. *PORCH, portsh. 352. n.s. [porche, Fr. ; porticus, Lat. A roof supported by pillars before a door ; an entrance. Judges, iii. A portico ; a covered walk. Shakspeare. PORCUPINE, pSr'-ku-plne. 149. n.s. [porcespi. or epk, Fr.] An animal as large as a moderate pig. PORE 5, p&re. n. s. [pore, Fr. ; rips, Gr.] Spiracle |i PORTCU'LLIS, pc-rt-kulM? of the skin; passage of perspiration. Bacon. Any narrow spiracle or passage. Quincy. To PORE, p6re. v. n. To look with great intense- ness and care ; to examine with great attention. Dn/den. To PORE*, pore. v. a. To examine : with on. Milt. POREBLIND, pore'-blind. a. [commonly spoken and written purblind ; Trwpj .] Nearsighted ; short- sighted. Bacon. POR1NESS, p6'-r£-n§s. n, s. Fulness of pores. Wiseman. 'ORI'STICK Method, P 6-rls / -t5k-metfi / -ud. n s. rage; porrata, low Lat. from porrum] a leek.] Food made by boiling meat in water; broth. Shak- speare. PORRIDGEPOT, p&r'-r?dje- P 6t. n. s. The pot in which meat is boiled for a family. Butler. PORRINGER, par'-rln-jfir. n. s. [from porridge.-] A vessel in which broth is eaten. Bacon. It seems, in Shakspeare's time, to have been a word of con tempt for a headdress. Shakspeare. PORT§, p6rt. n.s. [port, Fv.;portus, Lat.] A har- bour ; a safe station for ships. Spenser, [popfc, Sax. , porta, Lat.; porte, , Fr.] A gate. Psalm ix. The aperture in a ship, at which the gun is put out. Raleigh, [portee, Fr.] Carriage ; air ; mien ; man- ner ; bearing. Spenser. A kind of wine : from Oporto, in Portugal. Prior. The Ottoman court ; the Sublime Port : so called from the gate of the sultan's palace, where justice is distributed. To PORT, port. v.&. [porto, Lat ; porter, Fr.] To carry in form. Milton. I PORTABLE, p6r'-ta-bl. 405. a. [portabilis, Lat.] Manageable by the hand. Such as may be borne along with one. South. Such as is transported or carried from one place to another. Locke. Suf- ferable ; supportable. Shakspeare. PO'RTABLENESS, por'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. The quali- ty of being portable. PO'RTAGE, p6rt / -?dje. 90. n. s. [portage, Ft.] Car- riage; the act of carrying. Standard of Equality. The price of carriage. Fell, [from^orf.] Porthole. Shakspeare. PO'RTAL, p6r'-tal. 88. n.s. [portal, Span. ; pSrtail, Fr.] A gate ; the arch under which the gate opens ; a door. SJiakspeare. PO'RTANCE, p6r / -tanse. n. s. [porter, Fr.] Air ; mien ; port ; demeanour. Spenser. PO'RTASS, por'-tas. n. s. A breviary ; a prayer j book. Chaucer. I PO'RTATIVE*, p6r'-ta-tlv. a. [portatif Fr.] Port able. Chaucer. Ob. T. n. s. [portecoulisse. PO'RTCLUSE*, port'-kluse. $ Fr.] A sort of ma- chine like a harrow, hung over the gates of a city, to be let down to keep out an enemy. Spenser. To PORTCU'LLIS, p6rt-kulMk v. a. To Dar j to shut up. Shakspeare. PORTCU'LLISED*, pirt-kuF-lIst. a. Having a portcullis. She?isto)ie. PORTED*, ported, a. Having gates. B. Jonson. To PORTE'NDS, p6r-tend'. v. a. [portendo, Lat.] To foretoken ; to foreshow as omens. Hooker. PORTE'NSION, por-ten'-sh&n. 11. s. The act of fore tokening. Brown. Ob. J. 708 POS POS -no, move, nor, not ; — tibe, tfib, bull ;— 6?1 ; — pSu.nd ; — ;/iin, this. PORTE'NT §, pSr-t^nt'. n. s. [ portentum, Lat.] Omen of ill ; prodigy foretokening misery. Shakspeai-e. PORTE'NTOUS, pdr-tcn'-tus. a. [portentosus, Lat.] Foretokening ill ; ominous. Shak. Monstrous ; prodigious ; wonderful. Milton. PO'RTERJ, por'-tfir. 98. n. s. [porter, Fr. j from porta, Lat.] One that has the charge of the gate. Shak. One who waits at the door to receive mes- sages. Pope, [porteur, Fr., from porto, Lat.] One who carries burthens for hire. Howell. A kind of strong beer, [from being much drunk by porters, who carry burthens.] PO'RTERAGE, P 6r'-tur-?dje. 90. n.s. Carriage. Smith. Money paid for carnage. PO'RTERLY*, por'-tur-le. a. Coarse ; vulgar. Bray. PO'RTESSE^r'-tes. n.s. A breviary. See Por- PORTFO'LIO* p6rt-f6Me-6. n. 5. [portfeuille, Fr.] A case, of the size of a large book, to keep loose ^papers or prints in. PO'RTGLAVE, pOrt'-glave. 7i.s. [porter, mid glaive, Fr. and Erse.] A sword-bearer. Ainsworth. PO'RTGRAVE, pOrt'-grave. ) n. s. [pojit- PORTGREVE, p6rf-greve. $ £epe F a, Sax.] The principal magistrate of port-towns. PO'RTHOLE, port'-hole. n. s. A hole cut like a window in a ship's sides where the guns are placed. PO'RTICO, pSr'-te-ko. \n. s. [porticus, Lat. 5 PO'RTIC (JS*, pdr'-te-kus. ) portico, Ital. ; pontic, SaxJ A covered walk 5 a piazza. B. Jonson. PORTION §, p6r'-shun. «. s. [Fr. 5 portio, Lat.] A part. Job, xxvi. A part assigned ; an allotment ; a dividend. Milton. Part of an inheritance given to a child ; a fortune. Prior. A wife's fortune. Shak- speare. To PORTION, p6r'-shun. v. a. To divide ; to par- cel. Rowe. To endow with a fortune. Pope. PO'RTIONER, p6r'-shun-ur. 98. n. s. One that di- vides. PO'RTIONIST^por'-shun^st. n. s. [portioniste, Fr.] One who has a certain academical allowance or portion. Of a few benefices in this kingdom, hav- ing more than one rector or vicar, the incumbents are also called portionists. Life of A. Wood. PO'RTLINESS, p6rt'-)e-ne ! s. n.s. Dignity of mien ; grandeur of demeanour; bulk of personage. Spen- ser. PORTLY, p6rt'-Ie. a. Grand of mien. Spenser. Bulky 5 swelling. Shakspeare. PO'RTMAN, port'-rmm. 88. n. s. An inhabitant or burgess, as those of the cinque ports. Diet. PORTMA'NTEAU, port-man'-td. n.s. [portman- teau, Fr.] A chest or bag in which clothes are car- ried. Spectator. PO'RTMOTE*, p6rl'-mAte. n. s. [popfc and mot, Sax.] A court held in port towns. Blackstone. PO'RTOISE, p6r'-tlz. n. s. In sea language, the ship is said to ride a portoise, when she rides with her yards struck down to the deck. Diet. PORTRAIT §, P 6r'-trate. 90. n. s. [ pour trait, Fr.] A picture drawn after the life. Reynolds. To PO'RTRAIT, p6r y -trate. v. a. [pourtraire, Fr.] To draw ; to portray. Spenser. PO'RTRAITURE, p6r'-tra-ture. n. s. [Fr.] Pic- ture ; painted resemblance. Shakspeare. To PORTRA'Y, p6r-tra'. 492. v.a. [pourtraire, Fr.] To paint ; to describe by picture. Carew. To adorn with pictures. Milton. rO'RTRESS, pcV-tres. n. s. A female guardian of a gale. Milton. PO'RTREVE*, p6r'-treve. n. s. [popfc-#epepa, Sax.] The bailiff of a port town j a kind of mayor. Warlon. PO'RWIGLE, pSr'wig-gl. n. s. A tadpole or young frog. Brown. PO'RY, p6'-re. a. [poreux, Fr.] Full of pores. Dry- den. POSE*, p6ze. n. s. [^epo^e, Sax.] A cold j a ca- tarrh ; a rheum in the head. Chaucer. To POSE §, p6ze. v. a. [£epo]-e, Sax.] To puzzle ; to gravel ; to put to a stand or stop. Herbert. To oppose) to interrogate. Bacon. 47 POSER, po'-zur. 98. n. s. One who asks question* to try capacities; an examiner. Bacon. POSITED, p6z'-zlt-ed. a. [positus, Lat.] Placed j ranged. Hale. POSl'TION, p6-z]sh'-un. n.s. [Fr.-, positio, Lat.] State of being placed; situation. Wotton. Princi pie laid down. Hooker. Advancement of any principle. Brown. [In grammar.] The state of a vowel placed before two consonants, as pompous , or a double consonant, as axle. POSITIONAL, pA-zlsh'-ttn-al. a. Respecting posi tion. Brown. POSITIVE §, poz'-ze-tiv. 157. a. [positims,Lat. , posHif, Fr.j-Not negative; capable of being affirm- ed ; real ; absolute. Bacon. Absolute ; partic- ular; direct; not implied. Bacon. Dogmatical ; ready to lay down notions with confidence. Rymer. Settled by arbitrary appointment. Hooker. Hav- ing the power to enact any law. Swift. Certain ; assured : as, He was positive as to the fact. POSITIVE*, poz'-ze-tlv. n. s. What is capable of being affirmed; reality. South. What settles by absolute appointment.. Waterland. POSITIVELY, poz'-ze-rfv-le. ad. Absolutely; by- way of direct position. Bacon. Not negatively. Bentley. Certainly ; without dubitation. Sluik. Peremptorily ; in strong terms. Sprat. POSIT1VENESS, poz'-ze-tlv-nes. n. s. Actualness ; not mere negation. Norris. Peremptoriness ; con- fidence. Government of 'tlie Tongue. POSITPVITY, p6z-e-uV-e-te. n.s. Peremptoriness; confidence. Watts. A low word. POSITURE, poz'-e-tshure. n. s. [positura, Lat.] The manner in which any thing is placed. Bramhalt. POSNET, poz'-net. n. s. [bassinet, Fr.] A little ba- sin ; a porringer ; a skillet. Bacon. PO'SSE, pos -se. n. s. [Lat.] An armed power ; from posse comitatus, the power of the shires. Ba- con. A low word. To POSSESS §, pdz-zeV. 170. r. a. [possessus, Lat.] To have as an owner ; to be master of; to enjoy or occupy actually. Shak. To seize ; to obtain. Hay~ ward. To give possession or command of any . thing; to make master of. Sliak. To fill with some- thing fixed. Addison. To have power over, as an unclean spirit. Roscommon. To affect by intes- tine power. Shakspeare. ftCp The 0, in the first syllable of possess and its com- pounds, is exactly under the same predicament as the same letter in occasion, obedience, &c. which see. W. POSSESSION, poz-zeW-fin. [Fr. ; possessio, Lat.] The state of owning or having in one's owu hands or power; property. Ecclus. iv. The thing possessed. Temple. Madness caused by the inter nal operation of an unclean spirit. To POSSESSION, poz-zesh'-un. v. a. To invest with property. Carew. Ob. J. POSSESSIONER, poz-zesh'-un-flr. n.s. Master; one that has the power or property of any thing. Sidney. POSSESSIVE, poz-zeV-siv. a. [possessivus, Lat.] Having possession. Denoting possession : a gram matical term. Lowth. POSSESSORY, ^poz'-zes-sur-e. [ P 6z'-zes-sur-e. Perry ; poz-zeV-sur-e, Jones and Webster.] a. [pos- sessoire, Fr.] Having possession. Howell. $5= For the same reason that I have placed the accent on the first syllable of dimissory, I have placed it on the first syllable of this word : our language seems to prefer deriving it from the Latin posscssorius, to form- ing it from our own word possess .• and, when this is the case, the accent is generally on the first syllable, he- cause the secondary accent was on that syllable in the English pronunciation of the Latin word. — See Acad- emy. Dr. Johnson and Mr. Sheridan give this word the same accentuation as I have done ; but most of our other orthoepists accent the second syllable. W. POSSESSOR, poz-zeV-sur. 166. n. s. [Lat.] Own- er; master; proprietor. Milton. POSSET §, pos'-slt. 99. n. s. [posca, Lat.] Milk curdled with wine or any acid. Shakspeare. To POSSET, pds'-sh. v. a. To turn; to curdle : as milk with acids. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. 709 POS POT [HP 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met 5— pine, pin : POSSIBILITY, p&s-se-bfr'-e-te. n.s. [possibility Fr.] The power of being in any manner j the state of being possible. Hooker. PO'SSlBLE§, pos'-se-bl. 405. a. [Fr. j possibilis, Lat.] Having the power to be or to be clone 5 not contrary to the^ nature of things. Wliitgift. PO'SSIBLY, pos'-se-bie. ad. By any power really existing. Hooker. Perhaps 3 without absurdity. Clarendon. POST §, p6st. n. s. [poste, Fr.] A hasty messenger ; a courier who comes and goes at stated times 3 commonly a letter-earner. Abbot. Quick course or manner of travelling. Dryden. [poste, Fr., from positus, Lat.] Situation 3 seat. Burnet. Military station. Dryden. Place 3 employment ; office. Col- lier, [port, Sax. 3 postis, Lat.] A piece of timber set erect. Exodus, xii. — Post and pair. An old game at cards. B. Jo?ison. Knight of the post, [apposter, Fr.] A fellow suborned 3 a fellow procur- ed to do a bad action. Fuller. POST*, p6st. a. [apposter, Fr.] Suborned 3 hired to do an improper action. Sir E. Sandys. To POST, p6st. jj. n. [poster, Fr.] To travel with speed. Shakspeare. To POST, p6st. v. a. To fix opprobriously on posts. K. Charles, [poster, Fr.] To place; to station; to fix. Dryden. To register methodically; to trans- cribe from one book into another. Arbutknot. To delay. Shakspeare. P0'ST4BLE*, P 6st'-a-bl. o. That may be carried. W. Mountague. POSTAGE, p6st'-Idje. 90. n. s. Money paid for convej'ance of a letter. Dryden. POSTBOY, p6st'-b6e. n.s. Courier: boy that rides post. Tatler. POSTCHAl'SE*, post'-tshaze. n. s. A travelling carriage, with four wheels. Gray. To POSTDATE, post'-date. v. a. [post, Lat., and date.'] To date later than the real time. Donne. POSTDILUVIAN, pdst-de-lu'-ve-an. a. [post and diluvium, Lat.] Posterior to the flood. Woodward. POSTDILU'VIAN, p6st-de-lu'-ve-an. n. s. One that lived since the flood. Grew. PO'STER, p6st'-fir. 98. n. s. A courier 3 one that travels hastily. Shakspeare. POSTE'R10UR§,pSs-te'-re-ur. a. [Lat.;posterieur, Fr.] Happening after ; placed after 3 following! Bacon. Backward. Pope. POSTERIORITY, pos-te-re-&r'-e-te. n. s. [poste- riorite, FrJ The state of being after : opposite to priority. Brown. P03TE'RIOURS,p6s-te'-re-urz. 166. n. s. [posteri- ora, Lat.] The hinder parts. Swift. POSTERITY, p6s-ter'-e-te. n. s. [ posteritas, Lat.] Succeeding generations 5 descendants. Shakspeare. POSTERN, pbs'-tern. n.s. [poterne, Fr.; posterne, Dutch J A small gate; a little door. Spenser. POSTEXI'STENCE, p6st-eg-zis'-tense. n. s. Fu- ture existence. Addison. POSTHA'CKNEY, p6st-hak'-ne. n. s. Hired post- horses. Wotton. POSTHA'STE, post-haste', n. s. Haste like that of a courier. Shakspeare. PO'STHORSE, p6st / -h6rse. n. s. A horse stationed for the use of couriers. Sidney. PO'STHOUSE, p6st'-h5iise. n.s. Postoffice; house where letters are taken and despatched. Watts. POSTHUME*, p6st'-hume. a. Posthumous: the elder word. Purchas. POSTHUMOUS §, post'-hu-mus. a. [posthumus, Lat.] Done, had, or published, after one's death. Addison. POSTHUMOUSLY*, p6st'-hiVmus-le. ad. After one's death. Note on Atterburfs Epist. Corresp. PO'STICK, pos'-flk. a. [posticus, Lat.] Backward. Brown. PO'STIL §, p&s'-tll. n. s. [postilk, Fr. ; postilla, Lat.] Gloss; marginal notes. Bale. To PO'STIL*, p&s'-tll. v. n. To comment 5 to make illustrations. Skelton. 7 T o PO'STIL, p&s'-tfl. v.a. To gloss 5 to illustrate with marginal notes. Bacon. POSTI'LION, p&s-til'-yun. 113. [p6s-til'-y&n, Sheri dan and Jones.] n. s. [postilion, Fr.] One who guides the first pair of a set of six horses in a coach. Cmvley. One who guides a postchaise. PO'STILLER, pos'-tft-6r. n. s. One who glosses or i illustrates with marginal notes. Broivn. I POSTLIMI'NIAR*, p6st-le-min'-e-ar. ) a. [postli- ! POSTLIMFNIOUS, p&st-le-mln'-e-us. 5 mmium, LatJ Done or contrived subsequently. South. PO'STMAN* p6st'-man. n. s. A post ; a courier ; commonly, a letter-carrier. Granger. PO'STMASTER, p6st'-ma-stur. n. s. One who has charge of publick conveyance of letters. Shak. A portionist. See Portionist. An academical term. POSTMASTER-GENERAL,p6st'-ma-stur-jen'-er- al. n. s. He who presides over the posts or letter- carriers. POSTMERIDIAN, p6st-me-rld'-e-an. [See Meri- dian.] a. [postmeridianus, Lat.] Being in the after- noon. Bacon. PO'STNATE*, p6st'-nate. a. [post and natus, Lat.] Subsequent. Bp. Taylor. PO'STOFFICE, p6st'-6f-fk n. s. Office where let- ters are delivered to the post ; a posthouse. Gay. To POSTPONES, p6st-pdne'.r.a. [postpono,haX.] To put off; to delay. Dryden. To set in value be- low something else : with to. Locke. POSTPONEMENT*, p6st-p6ne'-ment. n. s. De- lay. POSTPO'NENCE*, p6st-p6'-nense. n. s. Dislike. Dr. Johnson. POSTPOSITION*, p6st-p6-z?sh'-un. n.s. [postpos- itus, Lat.] The state of being put back, or out of the regular place. Mede. POSTSCRIPT, p6st'-skript. n. s. [post and scriptum, Lat.] The paragraph added to the end of a letter. Bacon. POST-TOWN*, p6st'-t6un. n. s. A town where post- horses are kept ; a town, in which there is a post office. Wakejield. PO'STULANTf, p&s'-tshu-lant. n.s. A candidate Mason. roPO'STULATE^, p&s'-lshu-late. v. a. [postulo, Lat.] To beg or assume without proof. Brown- To invite ; to require by entreaty. Burnet. POSTULATE, pos'-tslm-lat. 90. n. s. [postidatum, Lat.] Position supposed or assumed without proof. Brown. POSTULA'TION, pos-tshu-la'-shfin. n. s. [postula- te, Lat.] The act of supposing without proof 3 gra- tuitous assumption. Hale. Supplication 3 interces- sion. Pearson. Suit 3 cause. Burnet. PO'STULATORY, pos'-tshu-la-tur-e. 512. [See Domestick.] a. Assuming without proof. Assumed without proof. Brown. POSTULA^TUM, p6s-lshu-la'-tum. 503. n. s [Lat.] Position assumed without proof. Addison. $3= This is a Latin word which forms its plural some- times like its original postulata, and sometimes as in English postulatums ; the former is the more eligible, if we are discoursing logically ; and the latter if we are speaking less methodically. W. PO'STURE $, pos'-tshure. 463. n. s. [Fr. ; positura, Lat.] Place ; situation. Hale. Voluntary colloca- tion of the parts of the body with respect to each other. Shak. State 3 disposition. Clarendon. To PO'STURE, pos'-tshure. v. a. To put in any particular place or disposition. Brook. PO'STUREMASTER, pos'-tshur-ma-stur. ?i.s. One who teaches or practises artificial contortions of the body. Spectator. PO'S Y, po'-ze. n. s. [contracted from poesy.] A mot to on a ring, or on any thing else. Sluxk. A bunch of flowers. Spenser. POT§, pot. n. s. [pot, Fr. and Dutch.] A vessel in which meat is boiled on the fire. Dryden. Vessel to hold liquids. St. John. Vessel made of earth. Mortimer. A cup : now usually supposed to con- tain a quart. Sliak.— To go to pot. To be do stroved or devoured : a low phrase. Arbuthnot To POT, pot. v. a. To preserve seasoned in pots. Dryden. To enclose in pots of eartk. Evelyn. POT POU -116, mOve, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ;— 6ll ; — pound ; — th'm, THis. POTABLE §, pd'-ta-bl. 405. a. [Fr. ; potabilis, Lat.] Such as may oe drunk 5 drinkable. Shakspeare. POTABLE*, po'-ta-bl. n. s. Something which may be drank. Philips. POTABLENESS, p6'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. Drinkable- POTAGER, p6t'4-jur. n. s. [from pottage.] A por- ringer. Grew. POTA RGO, po-tar'-gi. n. s. A kind of sauce or pickle imported from the West Indies. King. POTASH, pot' -ash. n. s. [potasse, Fr.] An impure, fixed, alkaline salt, made by burning from vegeta- bles, of great use to the manufacturers of soap and glass, to bleachers, and to dyers. Hill. POTATION, po-ta'-shun. n. s. [potatio, Lat.] Drink- ing bout. Draught. Shak. Species of drink. ShaJcspeare. POTATO. p6-ta/-t6. n. s. An esculent root. Mil- ler. POTBELLIED, pot'-bel-lld. 283. a. Having a swollen paunch. Gray. POTBELLY, pot'-bel-le. n. s. A swelling paunch. Arbuihnot. To POTCH p6tsh. v. n. [pocher, Fr.] To thrust j to push. SJiakspeare. To POTCH, p6tsh. v. a. [poclier, Fr.] To poach ; to boil slightly. It is commonly written poach. Wiseman. POTCOMPA'NION, pdt'-kum-pan'-yun. n. s. A fel- low-drinker; a good fellow at carousals. L'Es- trange. POTENCY, pf/-ten-se. n.s. [potmtia, Lat.] Power; influence; authority. Sliak. Efficacy; strength. Shakspeare. POTENT $, p6'-tent. a. [potens, Lat.] Powerful; forcible; strong; efficacious. Hooker. Having 5reat authority or dominion : as, potent monarchs. 'TENT*, p6 / -tent. n. s. A prince ; a potentate. Shak. [potentia, low Lat.] A walking-staff; a crutch. Cliaucer. Ob. T. POTENTACY*, p6 / -ten-tas-e. n, s. Sovereignty. Barrow. POTENTATE, pd'-ten-tate. 91. n, s. [potentat, Fr.] Monarch; prince; sovereign. Daniel. POTENTIAL, p6-teV-shal. a. [potenciel, Fr. ; po- tentialis, Lat.] Existing in possibility, not in act. Raleigh. Having the effect without the external actual property. Shak. Efficacious; powerful. SIuiJc. [In grammar.] Potential is a mood denoting the possibility of doing any action. POTENTIALITY, po-ten-she-al'-e-te. 542. n. s. Possibility ; not actuality. Bp. Taijlor. POTE NTIALLY, po-ten'-shal-e. ad. In power or possibility ; not in act, or positively. Bentley. In efficacy ; not in actuality. Hooker. POTENTLY, po'-tent-le. ad. Powerfully; forci- bly. Bacon. POTENTNESS, pi'-tent-nes. n. s. Powerfulness ; might ; power. POTESTATIVE*, p6'-tes-ta-tiv,or P 6-uV-ta-uV. a. [potestative, low Lat.] Authoritative. Pearson. POTGLN, pot'-gun. n. s. [by mistake or corrup- tion for popgun.] A gun which makes a small, smart noise. Bp. Hall. POTHANGER, pot'-hang-ur. n. s. [pot and hanger.] Hook or branch on which the pot is hung over the fire. POTHECARY, p&tfi'-e-ka-re. 470. n. s. [boticario, Spanish.] One who compounds and sells physick. Chaucer. POTHER§, puTH'-ur. 165, 469. n. s. [poudre, Fr.] Bustle ; tumult ; flutter. Sliak. Suffocating cloud. Drayton. To POTHER, puTH'-ur. v. n. To make a bluster- ing, ineffectual effort. To POTHER, puTH'-ur. v. a. To turmoil ; to puz- zle. Locke. POTHERB, p6t'-erb. 394. n. s. An herb fit for the pot. Toiler. POTHOOK, p&t'-hS&k. n. s. Hooks to fasten pots or kettles with. Beaumont and Fletcher. Ill-formed or scrawled letters or characters. Dryden. POTHOUSE*, pot'-house. n. s. An ale-house. Warton. POTION, pi'-shfln. n.s. [Fr. ; potio, Lat.] A draught ; commonly a physical draught. Bacon. POTL1D, potMld. n. s. The cover of a pot. Der hatn. POTMAN*, pot'-man. n.s. A pot companion. A, Wood. POTSHARE* p6t'-share. ) n. s. [share or shared, POTSHERD, pot'-sherd. $ any thing divided, or separated.] A fragment of a broken pot. Spe?iser. POTTAGE, pot'-ffdje. 90. n. s. [potage. Fr.; from pot.] Any thing boiled or decocted lor lood. Gen- esis. POTTER, pot'-tfir. n. s. [potier, Fr.] A maker of earthen vessels. Dryden. POTTERN-ORE, p6t'-tem-6re. n. s. An ore with which potters glaze their earthen vessels. Boyle. POTTERY*, p&t'-tur-e. n. s. [poterie, Fr.] A place where earthen vessels are made. The earthen vessels made. POTTING, pot'-tlng. 410. n. s. Drinking. Shak. POTTLE, pot'-tl. 405. n. s. [potel, old Fr.] Liquid measure containing four pints ; a tankard, or pot, out of which glasses are filled. Shakspeare. POTULENT, pot'-tshu-lent. a. [potulentus, Lat.] Pretty much in drink. Diet. Fit to drink. POTVATIANT, pot-val'-yant. a. [pot and valiant.] Heated to courage by strong drink. Addison. POUCHY, poulsh. 313. n.s. [oocca, Sax; poche, Fr.] A small bag; a pocket. Shak. Applied lu- dicrously to a big belly or paunch. To POUCH, poutsh. v. a. To pocket. Tusser. To swallow. Derham. To pout; to hang down the lip. Ainsivorth. POU'CHMOUTHED, pSutsh'-m6uTHd. a. Blub- berlipped. Ainsworth. POU'LDAVIS, pole'-da-vls. n.s. A sort of sail cloth. Ainsivorth. See Poledavy. To POU'LDER* See To Powder. POU'LDRON*. See Powldron. POULE* or POOL*, p66l. n. s. [Fr.] The stakes played for at some games of cards. Southern. POULT §, P 6lt. 313. n. s. [poulet, Fr.] A young chicken. King. §Or This word is corrupted, by the great as well as tho small vulgar, into pout, rhyming with out. — See Aspar- agus and Cucumber. W. POU'LTER*, P 6F-tur. ) n. s. [frompoult.] One POU'LTERER, pol'-lfir-ur. \ whose trade is to sell fowls ready for the cook. Shalcspcare. POU'LTICE §, P 6l / -tis. 142. n. s. [pidte, Fr.; pidtis, Lat.] A cataplasm ; a soft, mollifying application Bacon. To POU LTICE, p61'-tis. v. a. To apply a poultice or cataplasm. POU'LTIVE, pol'-flv. n. s. A poultice. Temple. POU'LTRY, pol'-tre. n. s. Domestick fowis. Dry- den. POUNCE §, pounse. 313. n. s. [ponz^ne, Ital.] The claw or talon of a bird of prey. Spenser. The powder of gum sandarach, so called because it is thrown upon paper through a perforated box [ponce, Fr.] Cloth worked in eyelet holes. Homily. To POUNCE, p6unse. v. a. [ponzonare, Ital.] To pierce ; to perforate. Sir T. Elyot. To pour or sprinkle through small perforations. Bacon. To seize with the pounces or talons. POU'NCED, pS&nst. 359. a. Furnished with claws or talons. Thomson. POU'NCETBOX, poun'-slt-boks. n. s. A small bos perforated. Shakspeare. POUND §, pound. 313. n. s. [ponb, punb, Sax.] A certain weight, consisting in troy weight of twelve, in avoirdupois of sixteen ounces. South. The sum of twenty shillings ; which formerly weighed a pound. Peaclmm. [pmban, Sax.] A pinfold ; aaa enclosure. Swift. To POUND, p6und. v. a. [punian, Sax.] To beat - to grind, as with a pestle. Dryden. [pinoan, Sax To shut up; to imprison, as in a pound W ton. 711 POW PRA U 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat j— me, mel 5— pine, pin ;— POU'NDAGE, po&nd'-ldje. 90. n. 5. A certain sum deducted from a pound. Swift. Payment rated by the weight of the commodity. Clarendon. Con- finement of cattle in a pound. Huloet. POU'NDER, pound'-ur. 98. n. s. The name of a heavy, large pear. Dryden. Any person or thing- denominated from a certain number of pounds: as, a ten pounder, a gun that carries a bullet of ten pounds' weight. Sivifit. A pestle. Ainsworth. One who impounds cattle ; a pinner. Huloet. POUNDFOO'LISH*, pSund-f&ol'-Ssh. a. {pound and foolish.] Neglecting the care of large sums for the sake of attention to little ones. Burton. POU PETON, p66'-pe-tuu. n. s. [poupee, Fr.] A puppet or little baby. POU'PICKS, p&^-pfks. n. s. [In cookery.] Veal steaks and slices of bacon. Bailey. To POUR $, P 6ur. 316. [poor, p6re,or P 6ur, Fulton and Knight ; podr, Jones ; so also Kenrick, Slieri- dan, and Perry,, and not pour. See Ws Prin. 316.] v. a. [bwrw, Welsh.] To let some liquid out of a vessel, or into some place or receptacle. Exod. iv. To emit ; to give vent to 5 to send forth ; to let out ; to send in a continued course. Locke. 80= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, pronounce this word as I have done: Mr. Nares, alone, pronounces it pore. W. To POUR, pdur. v. n. To stream ; to flow. Prov. To rush tumultously. Gay. POORER, pMr'-ur. 98, 31o. n. s. One that pours. To POU'RLIEU". See Purlieu. ToPOURTRA'Y*. See To Portray. POUSSE, n. s. The old word for pease, corrupted, as mav seem, from pulse. Spenser. POUT, pout. 313. n. s. A kind offish ; a cod-fish. A kind of bird. Carew. To POUT§, pSut. v. n. [bonier, Fr.] To look sullen by thrusting out the lips. Sliak. To shoot out; to hang prominent. Wiseman. POUT*, pout, n. s. In colloquial language, a fit of SLillenness. PORTING*, p6ut'-fng. n.s. A fit of childish sullen- ness. Beaumont and Fletcher. POVERTY, pov'-vur-te. n. s. [poueptee, Norm. Sax.; pauvrete, Fr.] Indigence; necessity; want of riches. Shak. Meanness; defect. Bacon. PO' WDER §, p6u'-dur. 98, 322. n. s. [poudre, Fr.] i Dust of the earth : the primary meaning. Wicliffe. \ Dust; any body comminuted. Ex. xxxii. Gunpow- der. Hayward. Sweet dust for the hair. Herbert. \ To PQ' WDER, pou/-dur. v. a. [poudrer, pouldrer, 1 Fr.] To reduce to dust ; to comminute : to pound or grind small. Spenser. To sprinkle, as with ! dust. Bolton. To salt; to sprinkle with salt. Bacon. To PO'WDER, p6u'-dur. v. n. To come tumultu- ously and violently. L 1 Estrange. PCKWDERBOX, p6u'-dur-b6ks. n. s. A box in which powder for the hair is kept. Gay. POWDER-CHESTS, pM'-du'r-tshests. n. s. On board a ship, chests filled with gunpowder, pebble- stones, and such like materials, set on fire when a ship is boarded by an enemv. Did. PO' WDERFLASK*, poiV-dur-fiask. ) n. s. \pow- POWDERHORN. pSu'-d&r-horn. \ der, flask, and horn.] A horn case in which gunpowder is kept. Swift. PO'WDERMILL, pSu'-d&r-mll. n. s. The mill in which the ingredients for gunpowder are ground and mingled. Arbuthnot. PO'WDERMINE*, pdtV-dur-mlne. n. s. A cavern in which powder is placed, so as to be fired at a proper time. Rowley. PO'WDERROOM, P 6u'-dur-ro3m. n. s. The part of a ship in which the gunpowder is kept. Waller. POWDERING-TUB, pdu r -dur-fng-tub. n. s. The vessel in which meat is salied. More. The place in which an infected lecher is physicked to preserve him from putrefaction. Shakspeare. PO'WDERY, pa^-dur-e. a. [poudreux, Fr.] Dusty; friable. Woodward. PO'WDIKE* pou'-dike. n. 5. The marsh or fen dike. Blackslone. POWER §, pSu'-ur. 98, 322. n.s. [pouvoir, Fr.] Command; authority; dominion; influence of freatness. Sliak. Influence; orevalence upon. iacort. Ability ; force ; reach. Hooker. Strength ; motive ; force. Locke. The moving force of an engine. Wilkins. Animal strength; natural strength. Sidney. Faculty of the mind. Sliak. Government ; right of governing. Milton. Sove- reign; potentate. Addison. One invested with dominion. St. Matt. Divinity. Sliak. Host; army; military force. Spenser. A large quantity; a great number. In low language : as, a power of good PO'wlltABLE, pou'-ur-a-bl. a. Capable of per- forming any thing. Camden. POWERFUL, pdu'-ur-ful. a. Invested with com- mand or authority ; potent. Dryden. Forcible ; mighty. Milton. Efficacious : as, a powerful med- icine. Shakspeare. PO'WERFULLY,pou / -ur-mi-e.atf. Potently; might- ily; efficaciously; forcibly. Boyle. PO'WERFULNESS, P 6u'-ur-ful-nes. n.s. Power; efficacy j might; force. Hakewill. PO'WERLESS, p6u'-ur-les. a. Weak; impotent Shakspeare. PO'WLDRON* p6ul'-drun. n. s. That part of ar- mour which covers the shoulders : an heraldick term. Sandys. PO'WTER* pou'-tur. n.s. A kind ofpige<.n . more properly, perhaps, pouter, from the protuberance of its crop. POX, poks. n. s. [properly pocks : pocca]*, Sax.] Pustules ; efflorescences ; exanthematous eruptions. It is used of many eruptive distempers. Beaumont and Fletcher. The venereal disease : this is the sense when it has no epithet. Wiseman. POY, p6e. n. s. [appoyo, Span. ; appuy, poids, Fr.] A ropedancer's pole ; a pole to push forward a boat. To POZE, P 6ze. v. a. To puzzle. See To Pose. Shakspeare. PRACTICABILITY* prak'-te-ka-bll'-e-te. n. s. Possibility to be performed. Johnson. PRACTICABLE, prak'-te-ka-bl. a. [Fr.] Perform- able; feasible; capable to be practised. L' Es- trange. Assailable ; fit to be assailed : as, a.practz- cable breach. PRACTICABLENESS, prak'-te-ka-K-nes. n. s. Possibility to be performed. Locke. PRACTICABLY, prak'-te-ka-ble. ad. In such a manner as may be performed. Rogers. PRACTICAL, prak'-te-kal. a. [practicus, Lat.] Re- lating to action ; not merely speculative. South. PRACTICALLY, prak'-te-kal-le. ad. [from practi- cal.] In relation to action. By practice ; in rea. fact. Howell. PRACTICALNESS, prak'-te-kal-nes. n. s. The qualitv of beins: practical. PRACTICE $, prak'-tls. 142. n.s. [npaxTiKf, ; pra- tique, Fr.] The habit of doing any thing. Ld. Ches- terfield. Use; customary use. Vryden. Dexterity acquired by habit. Shak. Actual performance, distinguished from theory. South. Method or art of doing any thing. 2 Pet. ii. Medical treatment of diseases. Shak. Exercise of any profession, BLickmore. [ppaet, Sax., cunning] Wicked strat- agem; bad artifice. Sidney. A rule in arithme- tick. PRACTICK, prak'-tlk. a. [rrpaKnxbg.] Relating to action ; not merely theoretical. Shak. Sly ; art- ful. Spenser. Conversant; acquainted with ; skil- ful. Spenser. ITo PRACTISES, prak'-tls. 499. v. a. [irparriKos. Gr.; pratiquer, Fr.] To do habitually. Psalm cxli. To do ; not merely to profess : as, to practise law or physick. Toiler. To use in order to habit and dexterity. Milton. To draw by arti- fices. Swift. To PRACTISE, prak'-tfs. v. n. To form a habit of acting in any manner. Milton. To transact ; to negotiate secretly. Addison. To try artifices. Granville. To use bad arts or stratagems. Shak. 712 PRA PRE — n6 ; raSve, nSr, n&t; — uhbe, tub, bull; — 6il;— p6&nd; — thin, this. To use medical methods. Temple. To exercise any profession. Toiler. PRA CTISANT, prak'-tlz-ant. n. s. An agent. Shak- speare. PRA'CTISER, prak'-lls-sar. 98. n.s. One that prac- tises any thing-; one that does anything habitually. South. One who prescribes medical treatment. TempU. One who uses bad arts or stratagems. Bacon. FRACTFTIONER, prak-tfsh'-un-&r. n. s. He who is engaged in the actual exercise of any art. Ar- buthnot. One who uses any sly or dangerous arts. Wliiigifl. One who does any thing- habitually. South. PRJE. See Pre. PR.'EMUNFRE. See Premunire. PRjECO'GNITA, pre-kog'-ne-ta. 92. n. s. [Lai.] Things previously known in order to understanding something else ; thus the structure of the human body is one of the prcecognita of physick. Locke. PRAGMA TICK §, prag-mat'-tlk. 509. ) a. [jrpdy- PRAGMA'TICAL §, prag-mat'-te-kal. ] pa-a, Gr.; pragmatique, Fr.] Meddling; impertinently busy ; assuming business without leave or invitation. B. Jonsori. PRAGMATICALLY., prag-mat'-te-kal-e. ad. Med- dlingly; impertinently. Barrow. PRAGMA'TICALNESS, prag-mat'-te-kal-ngs. n.s. The quality of intermeddling without right or call. More. PRA'GMATIST*, prag'-ma-t?st. n. s. One who is impertinently busv. Bp. Reynolds. PRAHME*. See Prame. PRAFSABLE* pra'-za-bl. a. That maybe praised. Wiclilfe. PRAISE §, praze. 202. n. s. {prijs, Teu t. ; prez, Span. ; prezzo, Ital. ; preis, Germ.] Renown ; com- mendation ; fame; honour; celebrity. Zeph. iii. Glorification ; tribute of gratitude ; laud. Psalm xl. Ground or reason of praise. Dryden. To PRAISE, praze. v. a. [prijsen, Dutch.] To com- mend ; to applaud ; to celebrate. Milton. To glo- rify in worship. St. Luke, ii. PRAPSEFUL. praze'-ful. a. Laudable; commend- able. Sidney. Ob. J. PRAFSELESS*, praze'-les. a. Wanting praise ; without praise. Sidney. PRAFSER, pra'-zur. 98. n.s. One who praises ; an appiauder ; a eommender. Sidney. FRAISEWO'RTHILY*, praze'-wur-THe-le. ad. In a manner worthy of Draise. Spenser. PRAISEWO'RTHINESS*, praze'-wur-THe-ngs. n. s. What deserves or is entitled to praise. A. Smith. PRAISEWO'RTHY, praze'-wur-THe. a. Com- mendable ; deserving praise. Spenser. PRAME, prame. n.s. [ pram, Icel. ; prame, Teut.] A flat-bottomed boat. Biblioth. Bibl. i. To PRANCE §, pranse. 78,79. v.n. {pronken, Dut. ; prangen, Germ.] To spring and bound in high mettle. Nahum, iii. To ride gallantly and ostenta- tiously. Addison. To move in a warlike or showy manner. Swift. PRANCING*, pran'-sfng. n. s. The act of bounding, as a horse in high mettle. Judges, v. To PRANK§, prangk. v. a. [pronken, Dutch.] To decorate ; to dress or adjust to ostentation. Spen- ser. PRANK, prangk. 408. n. s. [pronk, Dutch.] A frol- ick = a wild night ; a ludicrous trick ; a mischiev- ous act. Spenser. PRANK*, prangk. a. Frolicksome ; full of tricks. Brewer. PRA 7 NKER*, prangk'-ur. n. s. One who dresses os- tentatiously. Burton. PRANKING*, prangk'-mg. n. s. Ostentatious dec- oration. More. PRA'SON, pra'-sn. n. s. [rrpdcov.'] A leek : also a sea weed as green as a leek. Bailey. To PRATE §, prate, v.n. [praten, Dutch.] To talk carelessly and without weight; to chatter; to tat- tle; to be loquacious; to prattle. Tussei; PRATE, prate, n.s. Tattle ; slight talk ; unmeaning loquadty. Skakspeai-e. PRA'TER, pra'-tur. 98. n. s. An idle talker ; a chat terer. Shakspeare. PRA'TING^pra'-fmg.ra.s. Chatter; idle prate. Bac. PRA'TINGLY, pri'-tlng-le. 410. ad. With tittle- tattle ; with loquacity. PRATIQUE. prat'-tlk. n. s. [Fr. ; praltica, Ita..] A license for the master of a ship to traffick in the ports of Italy upon a certificate, that the place, from whence he came, is not annoyed with any in- fectious disease. Bailey. To PRATTLE §. prat'-tl. 405. v. n. [diminutive of prate.] To 'talk lightly; to chatter; to be trivially loquacious. Locke. PR A'TTLE, prat'-tl. n.s. Empty talk; trifling lo- quacitv. Shakspeare. PRA'TTLER, prat'-lfir. 98. n.s. A trifling talker ; a chatterer. Shakspeare. PRA'VITY, prav'-e-te. n. s. [pravitas, Lat.] Cor- ruption ; badness ; malignity. Milton. PRAWN, prawn, n.s. A small crustaceous fish, like a shrimp, but larger. Shakspeare. PRAXIS*, prak'-sls. n. s. [Lat.] Use ; practice. Coventry. To PRAY§, pra. v. n. [prier, Fr. ; prater, old Fr.] To make petitions to heaven. Jam. v. To entreat ; to ask submissively. Dryden.- — To pray in aid. A term used for a petition made, in a court of justice, for the calling in of help from another, that hath au interest in the cause in question. Hanmer. — I pray. that is, /pray you to tell me, is a slightly ceremoni- ous form of introducing a question. Bentley. To PRAY, pra. v. a. To supplicate ; to implore ; to address with submissive petitions. St. Matt. ix. To ask for as a supplicant. Aylijfe. To entreat in cer- emonv or form. B. Jonson. PRA'YER, pra'-ur. 98. n.s. [praier, old Fr. ;pi-iere, modern.] Petition to heaven. Rom. x. Mode of petition. Wliite. Practice of supplication. Shak Singie formule of petition. Fell. Entreaty ; submis sive importunity. Stillinncfleet. PRA'YERBOOK^ra'-ur-bodk. n.s. Book of pub- - lick or private devotions. Sliakspeare. PRA'YIINGLY*, pra/-ing-le. ad. With supplication to God. Milton. PRE. [pros, Lat.] A particle which, prefixed to words derived from the Latin, marks priority of time or rank. To PREACH §, pretsh. 227. v.n. [prcsdico, Lat. ; prcscher, Fr.] To pronounce a publick discourse upon sacred subjects. St. Matt. iv. To PREACH, pretsh. v. a. To proclaim or publish in religious orations. Acts. To inculcate publick- ly ; to teach with earnestness. Hooker. PREACH, pretsh. n. s. [pj-esclie, Fr.] A discourse ; a religious oration. Hooker. PREA'CHER, pretsh'-ur. 98. n. s. [prescheur, Fr.] One who discourses publickly upon religious sub- jects. Ps. Ixviii. One who inculcates any thing with earnestness and vehemence. Swift. PREA'CHERSHIP*, pre'-tshur-shlp. n. s. The of- fice of a preacher. Bp. Hall. PREA'CHLNG*, pre'-tshmg. n.s. Publick discourse uoon sacred subjects. Jonah, iii. PREA'CHMAN*, pretsh'-man. n.s. A preacher mentioned in contempt. Howell. PREA'CHMENT, pretsh'-ment. n. s. A sermon men- tioned in contempt ; a discourse affectedly solemn. SJuikspeare. PRE ACQUAINTANCE*, pre-ak-kwant'-anse, n. s. [pro? and acquaintance. ~] State of being- before ac- quainted with ; previous knowledge. Han-is. PREADMINISTRA'TION* pre-ad-mfn-is-tra'- shun. n. s. Previous administration. Pearson. To PREADMO'NISH*, pre-ad-mon'-lsh. v. a. To caution or admonish beforehand. PREA'MBLE§, pre'-am-bi. 405. n.s. [preambvh, Fr.] Something previous; introduction ; preface. Hooker. To PREAMBLE*, pre'-am-bl. v. a. To preface ; to introduce. Feltham. 713 PRE PRE XT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: PREA'MBULARY*, pre-am'-bu-lar-e. ? PREA'MBULOUS, pre-am'-bu-lus. \ a ' Previous. Pearson. ToPREA'MBULATE^*, pre-W-bu-late. v. n. To walk before ; to go before. Jordan. PREAiMBULA'TION*, pre-am-bu-la'-shun. n. s. Preamble. Chaucer. Ob. T. PREA'MBULATORY*, pre-W-bu-la-tfir-e. a. Going before ; antecedent. Bp. Taylor. PREANTEPENULTIMATE f, pre-an-te-pe-nul'- te-mate. a. The fourth syllable from the last. PREAPPREHE'NSION^re-ap-pre-hen'-shun.M.s. An opinion formed before examination. Brown. PREASE, preez. n. s. Press ; crowd. Chapman. Ob. J. PREA'SING, pre'-zfng. part,, a. Crowding. Sjienser. PREAU'DIENCE*, pre-aw'-de-ense. n. s. The right or state of being heard before another. Black- stone. PRE'BEND §, preV-end. n. s. [prazbenda,\ow Lat. ; prehende, Fr.] A stipend granted in cathedral churches. Sioift. Sometimes, but improperly, a stipendiary of a cathedral ; a prebendary. Bacon. PREBE'NDAL*, pre-ben'-dal. a. Of or belonging to a prebend. Ld. Chesterfield. PREBENDARY, prebQn-der-e. 512. n.s. [preben- darius, Lat.] A stipendiary of a cathedral. Spenser. PRETEND A RYSHIP* preb'-en-der-e-shfp. n. s. The office of a prebendary ; a canonry. Wotton. PRECA'RIOU3§, pre-ka'-re-us. a. [precarius, Lat.; precaire, Fr.] Dependent; uncertain, be- cause depending on the will of another ; held by courtesy. Dryden. PRECARIOUSLY, pre-ka'-re-us-le. ad. Uncertain- ly Dy dependence ; dependency. Leslie. PRECA'RIOUSNESS, pre-ka'-re-fis-nes. n. s. Un- certainty ; dependence on others. Sharp. PREVATIVE^prek'-a-tiv. a. [precatus, Lat.] Sup- pliant ; submissive. Harris. PREFATORY*, prek'-a-tur-e. a. Suppliant; be- seeching. Bp. Hopkins. PRECAUTIONS, pre-kaw'-shun. n.s. [Fr.;from praecauius, Lat.] Preservative caution ; preventive measures. Addison. To PRECAUTION, pre-kaw'-shun. v. a. [precau- tioner, Fr.] To warn beforehand. Locke. PRECAU'TIONAL*, pre-kaw'-shfin-al. a. Preser- vative ; preventive. W. Mountagne. PRECEDA'NEOUS, pres-e-da'-ne-Ss. a. [fromp-e- cede.'] Previous ; preceding; anteriour. Hammond. TVPRECF/DES, pre-sede". v. a. [prcecedo. Lat.; preceder, Fr.] To go before in order of time. Mil- ton. To go before according to the adjustment of rank. PRECEDENCE, pre-se'-dense. ) n.s. [from praxe- PRECE'DENCY, pre-se'-den-se. S do, Lat.] The act or state of going before ; priority ; something going before; something past. Shak. Adjustment of place. Selden. The foremost place in ceremony. Milton. Superiority. Locke. PRECEDENT, pre-se'-dent. a. [Fr.; prcecedens, Lat.] Former ; going before. Shakspeare. PRECEDENT, pres'-se dent. n. s. Any thing that is a rule or example to future times ; any thing done before of the same kind. Hooker. PRE'CEDENTED*, pres'-se-dent-ed. a. Having a precedent ; justifiable by an example. PRECF/DENTLY, pre-se'-dent-le. ad. Beforehand. PRECE'LLENCE*, pre-selMense. )n, s. [precel- PRECE'LLENCY*. pre-selMen-se. S lence, old Fr. ; from prcecello, Lat.] Excellence. Sheldon. Ob. T. PRECE'NTOR, pre-sen'-tur. 166. n.s. [jjrcecentor, Lat. ; precenteur, Fr.] He that leads the choir ; a chanter. Fotherby. PRE'CEPT§, pre"'-sept. 532. n.s. [precepte, Fr. ; prceceptum, Lat.] A rule authoritatively given ; a mandate. Hooker. [In law language.] A warrant of a justice, or any magistrate. Shakspeare. #y- Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, Perry, and Entick, make the e in the first sellable of this word long ; Dr. Kenrick, alone, makes it Bha * W. PRECETTIAL, pre-sep'-shal. *• Consisting :>f pre cepts. Shakspeare. Ob. J. PRECETTION*, pre-sep'-shun. n.s. [proeceptu, Lat.] A precept. Bp. Hall. Ob. T. PRECETTIVE, pre-sep'-tiv. 157. a. [preceptims, Lat.] Containing precepts ; giving precepts. Gov of the Tongue. PRECETTOR, pre-sey-tur. 166. n.s. [preceptor, Lat. ; precepteur, Fr.] A teacher; a tutor. Locke. PRECETTORY* pres'-ep-tur-e. a. Giving pre cepts. Anderson. PRECETTORY* pres'-ep-tur-e. [See Recepto- ry.] n. s. A kind of subordinate religious house, where instruction was given. PRECESSION, pre-sesh/-un. n.s. [prcecedo, pros cessus, Lat.] The act of going before. PRECFNCT, pre-s?ngkt'. n.s. [prcccinctus, Lat/} Outward limit ; boundary. Hooker. PRECIOSITY, pre-she-os'-e-ie. 554. n. s. [pretio- sus, Lat.] Value; preciousness. Any thing of high price. Brown. Ob. J. PRE'CIOUS §, presh'-us. 357. a. [precieux, Fr. ; pretiosus, Lat.] Valuable ; being of great worth. Costly ; of great price : as. a precious stone. Mil' ton. Worthless. An epithet of contempt or irony. Locke. PREVIOUSLY, presh'-fis-le. ad. Valuably ; to a great price. Dryden. Contemptibly : in irony. PRE'CIOUSNESS, presh'-us-nes. n. s. Valuable ness ; worth ; price. Wilkins. PRE ; CIPICE§, pres'-se-pk 142. n.s. [prcecipitium Lat. ; precipice, Fr.] A headlong steep ; a fall pe pendicular without gradual declivity. Shakspeare. PRECFPITANCE, pre-slp'-pe-tanse. ) PRECI'PITANCY, pre-s?p'-pe-tan-se. \ Rash haste ; headlong hurry. Milton. PRECITITANT, pre-sip'-pe-tant. a. [prcecipitans, Lat.] Falling or rushing headlong. Milton. Has- ty ; urged with violent haste. Pope. Rashly hur- ried. King Charles. Unexpectedly brought on or hastened. Bp. Taylor. PRECFPPTANTLY, pre-slp'-pe-tant-le. ad. In headlong haste ; in a tumultuous hurry. Milton. To PRECITITATE §, pre-slp'-pe-tate. v. a. [pre cipito, Lat.] To throw headlong. Bacon. To urge on violently. Dryden. To hasten unexpectedly Harvey. To hurry blindly or rashly. Bacon. To throw to the bottom : a term of chymistry. Grew. To PRECITITATE, pre-slp'-pe-tate. r, n. To fall headlong. Shak. To fall to the bottom as a sedi ment in chymistry. Bacon. To hasten without just preparation. Bacon. PRECITITATE, pre-slp'-pe-tat.91. a. Steeply fall ing. Raleigh. Steep. Ld. Brooke. Headlong ; hasty; rashly hasty. Clarendon. Hasty; violent. Arbuthnot. PRECITITATE. pre-slp'-pe-tat. 91. n. s. A corro sive medicine made by precipitating mercury. Wiseman. PRECIPITATELY, pre-slp'-pe-tat-le. ad. Head- long ; steeply down. Hastily ; in blind hurry. Swift. PRECIPITATION, pre-sfp-pe-ta'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act of throwing neadlong. Shak. Violent mo- tion downward. Woodward. Tumultuous hurry ; blind haste. Woodward. [In chymistry.] Subsiden- cy ; contrary to sublimation. Bacon. PRECFPITATOR^pre-slp'-e-ta-tur. n.s. [precip- itator, Lat.] One that urges on violently. Hanv mond. PRECIPFTIOUS*,pres-e-p?sh / -us. a. Steep; head- long. Sir T. Herbert. PRECIPFTIOUSLY* pres-e-plsh'-us-le. ad. In headlong haste. Decay of Christian Piety. PRECFPITOUS, pre-slp'-pe-tus. a. [precijntis, Lat.] Headlong; steep. K. Charles. Hasty; sudden Brown. Rash ; heady. Dryden.. PRECFPITOUSLY*, pre-slp'-pe-tus-le.at/. In a tu- multuous hurry : in violent haste. Translation of Boccalini. PRECFPITOUSNESS*. pre-slp'-pe-tfis-nes. »• s - Rashness. Hammond. 714 PRE PRE — n6, move, nor, n6t;- —tube, tab, bull;— 6ll;— pound;— thin, THis. PRECISE $,pre-slse'. 427. a. [precis, Fr.; prcecisus, Lat.] Exact ; strict ; nice ; having strict and de- terminate limitations. Hooker. Formal; finical. Addison. PRECISELY, pre-slse'-le. ad. Exactly ; nicely; ac- curately. Hooker. With superstitious formality ; with too much scrupulosity. fcf Though we seldom hear the adjective precise pro- nounced as if written prccizc, we very frequently hear the adverb precisely pronounced as if written precizely .- but it ought to be remembered, as an invariable rule, that adverbs preserve exactly the same accent and sound as the adjectives from which they are formed ; and, therefore, as the adjective is pronounced with the hissing or pure s, the adverb ought to have the same. TV. PRECISENESS, pre-slse'-ne's. n: s. Exactness ; rigid nicety. Bacon. PRECISIAN, pre-slzh'-e-an. 88. n. s. One who lim- its or restrains. Shakspeare. One who is supersti- tiouslv rigorous. Watts. PRECISIANISM*, pre-sfzh'-e-an-Izm. n. s. Super- stitious rigour ; finical exactness. Milton. PRECISION, pre-sizh'-un. n.s. [Fr.] Exact limita- tion. Locke. PRECISIVE, pre-sl'-sfv. 428. a. [precisus, Lat.] Cutting oft'. Puller. Exactly limiting. Watts. To PRECLUDES, pre-kluuV. v. a. [prcecludo, Lat.] To shut out or hinder by some anticipa- tion. Bentley. PRECLUSION*, pre-khV-zhfin. n.s. [prceclusio, Ldt.] The act of precluding ; hinderance by some anticipation. PRECLUSIVE*, pre-klu'-siv. a. Hindering by some anticipation. Burke. PRECLUSrVELY*, pre-klvV-slv-le. ad. With hin- derance by some anticipation. PRECOCIOUS $, pre-k6'-shus. 357. a. [precox, prcecocis, Lat. ; precose, Fr.] Ripe before the time. Brown. PRECO'CIOUSNESS* pre-k6'-shus-nes. n. s. Ripeness before the time. Mannxjngham. PRECOCITY, pre-kos'-se-te. n. s. Ripeness before the time. Howell. To PRECO'GITATE, pre-k&d'-je-tate. v. a. [prce- cogito, Lat.] To consider or scheme beforehand.- Shenvood. PRECOGNITION, pre-k6g-n?sh / -6n. n. s. [Fr. ; pros and cognitio, Lat.] Previous knowledge ; ante- cedent examination. Fotlierby. To PRECOMPOSE*, pre-k&m-rxW. v. a. [pros, and compose.'] To compose beforehand. Johnson. PRECONCEIT^re-kon-sete'. 530. n. s. [prce, and conceit.] An opinion previously formed. Hooker. To PRECONCEIVE, pre-kSn-seve'. v. a. [prce, and conceive.] To form an opinion beforehand ; to im- agine beforehand. Bacon. PRECONCEPTION, pre-kon-sep'-shun. 531. n. s. Opinion previously formed. Hakewill. PRECONCERTED*. pre-kon-sert'-eU part. a. Settled beforehand. Warton. PRECONIZA'TION*, pre-kon-e-za'-shvm. n. s. [prceconium. Lat] Proclamation. Bp. Hall. PRECONTRACT, pre-kon'-trakt. n.s. A contract previous to another. Sliakspeare. To PRECONTRACT, pre-kSn-trakt'. v. a. To con- tract or bargain beforehand. Ayliffe. PRECURSE§, pre-korse'. n.s. '[prcecurro, Lat.] Forerunning. Slmkspeare. PRECURSOR, pre-kfV-sur. 166. n.s. [precursor, Lat.] Forerunner; harbinger. Harvey. PRECURSORY* pre-kur 7 -sur-e. a. Introductory ; previous. Bacon. PRECURSORY* pre-kur'-sur-e. n.s. An introduc- tion. Hammond. PREDA'CEOUS, pre-da'-sh&s. 357. a. [prceda, Lat.] Living by prev. Derham. PRE / DAL§.pre''-dal."88. a. [prceda, Lat.] Robbing; practising plunder. S. Bouse. PREDATORY, pi^d'-da-tur-e. 512. [See Domes- tick.] a. [pra-datorius, Lat.] Plundering; prac- tising rapine. Bacon. Hungry; preying; rapa- cious: ravenous. Bacon. To PREDECEASE*, pre-de-sese'. v. a. [prce, and decease.'] To die before. Shakspeare. PREDECEASED, pre-de-seest'. 531, 359. a. Dead before. Shakspeare. PREDECESSOR, pred-e-ses'-s&r. n. s. [predeces- seur, Fr. ; prce and clecedo, Lat.] One that was in any state or place before another. Sidney. An cestor. PREDESTINARIAN, pre-des-te-na/-re-an. n. s One that holds the doctrine of predestination, ite- cay of Chr. Piety. PREDESTINARIAN*, pre-des-te-na'-re-an. a. Of or belonging to predestination. Walton. To PREDESTINATES, pre-des'-te-nate. v. a. [predesterier, Fr. ; prce and destino, Lat.] To ap- point beforehand by irreversible decree. Rom. PREDESTINATE*, pre-des'-te-nate. part. a. Pre- destinated. Burnet. To PREDESTINATE, pre-des'-te-nate. v. n. To hold predestination. Di-yden. PREDESTINATION, pre-des-te-na'-sh&n. n. s Fatal decree ; preordination. Milton. PREDESTINATOR, pre-des'-te-na-tfir. 166, 521. n.s. One that holds predestination or the preva- lence of pre-established necessity. Cowley. To PREDESTINE, pre-des'-dn. 140. v. a. [pre- destiner, Fr.] To decree beforehand. Milton. PREDETERMINATE*, pre-de-ter'-me-nate. a. Before determined. Bp. RicJiardson. PRED ETERMIN A'TION, pre-de-ter-me-na'-shfin. n, s. [Fr. ; prce, and determination.] Determination made beforehand. Hammond. To PREDETERMINE, pre-de-ter'-mfn. 140. v. a. To doom or confine by previous decree. Hale. PRE'DIAL, pre'-de-al, or pre'-je-al. 293. a. [prce- dium, Lat.] Consisting of farms. Ayliffe. PREDICABILITY* pred-de-ka-bil'-e~te. n.s. Ca- pacity of being attributed to a subject. Reid. PRE'DICABLE.pred'-de-ka-bl. a. [Fr.; predicabi- lis, Lat.] Such as may be affirmed of something. A. Baxter. PRE DICABLE, pr£d'-de-ka-bl. n. s. [prcedkabile, Lat.] A logical term, denoting one of the five things which can be affirmed of any thing. Watts. PREDICAMENT §, pre-dlk'-ka-ment. n. s. [Fr. ; pradicamentum, Lat.] A class or arrangement of beings or substances ranked according to their na- tures : called also categorema, or category. Digby, Class or kind described by any definitive marks. Shakspeare. PREDICAME NTAL, pre-dik-a-men'-tal. a. Relat- ing to predicaments. J. Hall. PRE DICANT, pr§d'-de-kant. n. s. [prcedicans, Lat.] One that affirms any thing. Hooker. Tb PREDICATES, pred'-de-kate. v.a. [prcedico, Lat.] To affirm any thing of another thing. Locke To PRE' DIG ATE, pre^-de-kate. v.n. To affirm; to comprise an affirmation. Hale. PREDICATE, prgd'-de-kat. 91. n.s. [prcedicatum, Lat.] That which is affirmed or denied of the sub- ject : as, Man is rational ; man is not immortal. Watts. PREDICATION, prgd-e-ka'-shfin. n.s.[prcedi>- catio, Lat.] Affirmation concerning an}' thing; dec laration of any position. Locke. PREDICATORY*, pred'-de-ka-tur-e. a. Affirma tive ; positive ; decisive. Bp. Hall. To PREDICT §, pre-dlkt'. v. a. [ prcedictus, Lat.] To foretell ; to foreshow. Gov. of the Tongue. PREDICTION, pre-dfk'-shun. n. s. [prcedictio, Lat.] Prophecy ; declaration of something future. Bacon. PREDICTP7E*, pre-dnV-flv. a. Prophetick; fore- telling. More. PREDICTOR, pre-dlkMur. n. s. Foreteller. Swift PREDIGESTION, pre-de-jes'-tshfin. n.s. Diges- tion too soon performed. Bacon. PREDILE'CTION^pre-de-Iek'-shun. n.s. A liking beforehand. Warton. To PREDISPOSES, pre-dfs-p6ze'. v. a. To adapt previously to any certain purpose. Burnet. 715 PRE PRE KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin 5 PREDISPOSITION, pre-dls-p6-zish'-fin. re.s. Pre- vious adaptation \r, any certain purpose. Bacon. PREDOMINANCE, pre-d6m'-me-nanse. ; PREDOMINANCY, pre-clom'-me-nan-se. \ n ' s ' [prce and dominor, Lat.] Prevalence; superiority; ascendency ; superiour influence. PREDOMINANT, pre-dom'-me-nant. a. [Fr. ; prce and dominor, Lat.] Prevalent ; supreme in influ- ence ; ascendant. Hooker. PREDOMINANTLY*, pre-d&m'-me-nant-le. ad. With superiour influence. Brown. To PREDOMINATE §, pre-dom'-me-nate. 91. v. n. [predominer, Fr. ; prce and dominor, Lat.] To prevail ; to be ascendant ; to be supreme in influ- ence. Daniel. To PREDOMINATE*, pre-d&m'-me-nate. v. a. To rule over. Dairies. PREDOMINATION*, pre-dom-me-na'-shun. n.s. Superiour influence. Browne. To PREELE'CT, pre-e-l§kt/. v. a. To choose by previous decision. PREELECTION*, pre-e-leV-shfin. n.s. Choice or election made by previous decision. Dean Pri- deaux. PREEMINENCE §, pre-em'-me-nense. n.s. [pre- eminence, Fr.] Superiority of excellence. Dryden. Precedence; priority of place. Sidney. Superiori- ty of power or influence. Hooker. PREEMINENT, pre-em'-me-nent. a. [preeminent, Fr.] Excellent above others. Milton. PREEMINENTLY*, pre-em'-me-nent-le. ad. In a manner excellent above others. Pennant. PREEMPTION, pre-em'-shfin. 412. n. s. [prceemp- tio, Lat.] The right of purchasing before another. Carew. To PREEN, pre£n. v. a. See To Prune. To trim the feathers of birds, to enable them to glide through the air. Bailey. PREEN*, preen', n. s. [ppeon, Sax.] A forked in- strument used by clothiers in dressing cloth. To PREENGA'GE §, pre-en-gadje'. v. a. [prce, and engage.] To engage by precedent ties or contracts. Dryden. PREENGA'GEMENT, pre-en-gadje'-meut. n. s. Precedent obligation. Boyle. ToPREESTA'BLISHS, pre-e-stabMish. v. a. To settle beforehand. Coventry. PREESTA'BLISHMENT, pre-e-stab'-llsh-ment. n.s. Settlement beforehand. PREEXAMINA'TION*, pre-egz-am-e-na'-shfin. n. s. Previous examination. Wotton. To PREEXIST §, pre-egz-ist'. v.n. [prce and ex- isto, Lat.] To exist beforehand. Dryden. PREEXFSTENCE, pre-egz-is'-tense. n.s. Exis- tence before. Burnet. Existence of the soul before its union with the body. Addison. PREEXFSTENT, pre-egz-is'-tent. a. Existent be- forehand ; preceding in existence. Burnet. PREEXISTIMA'TION* pre-egz-is-te-ma'-shun. n. s. Esteem beforehand. Brown. PRE FACE §, pref-fas. 91, 532. n. s. [Fr. ; prcefa- tio, Lat.] Something spoken introductory to the main design; introduction; something proemial. Peacliam. #0r Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Buchanan, Perry, and Entick, pronounce the first e in this word short. W. To PREFACE, pref-fas. 91. v.n. To say something introductory. Spectator. TbPRE'FACE, pref-fas. v. a. To introduce by something proemial. Fell. To face ; to cover : a ludicrous sense. Cleaveland. PRETACER, pref-fa-s&r. 98. n. s. The writer of a preface. Dryden. PREFATORY, pref-fa-tur-e. 512. a. Introductory, i Dryden. PRE'FECT, pre'-fekt. n. s. [prcefectus, Lat.] Gov- j ernour ; commander. B. Jonson. A superintendent. Hammond. A tutelary power. B. Jonson. PREFECTURE; pref-fek-ture. [preF-ft;k-f\re, Jones, Fulton and Knight.'] n. s. [prefecture, Fr.; pra;fectura,~Lat.'] Command; office of government. {j£T Though I have agreed with all our orthoe'pists m making the first syllable of prefect long, I cannot fol- low them so implicitly in the accent and quantity of this word. All but Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston,"and Mr. Perry, place the accent on the second syllable ; and the two first of these writers make the first syllablo long, as in prefect. Mr. Perry, alone, has, in my opin- ion, given this word its true pronunciation, by placing the accent on the first syllable, and making that sylla ble short. This is agreeable to that general tendency of our language to an antepenultimate accentuation, and a short quantity on every vowel but u. — See Prin ciples, No. 533. 535. W. To PREFE'R§, pre-fer'. v. a. [preferer, Fr.; prce few, Lat.] To regard more than another. Rom. xii. To advance ; to exalt ; to raise. To present ceremoniously. Pope. To offer solemnly ; to pro- pose publickly ; to exhibit. Daniel. PREFERABLE, pref'-fer-a-bl. a. [Fr.] Eligible before something else. Locke. PREFERABLENESS, pref-fer-a-bl-n&. n.s. The state of being preferable. W. Mountague. PREFERABLY, pref-fer-a-ble. ad. In preference; in such a manner as to prefer one thing to another. Dennis. PREFERENCE, pref-fer-ense. n. s. [Fr.] The act of preferring; estimation of one thing above anoth er; election of one rather than another. Sprat. PREFE/RMENT, pre-feV-ment. n.s. Advancement to a higher station. Slutkspeai-e. A place of honour or profit. Davenant. Preference ; act of preferring. Brown. PREFE ; RRER, pre-fer'-r&r. 98. n.s. One who pre- fers. Bishop Bancroft. To PREFPGUR ATE §, pre-fig'-yu-rate. v. a. [prce and fguro, Lat.] To show by an antecedent rep- resentation. PREFIGURA'TION, pre-f ig-yu-ra'-shfin. n. s. An- tecedent representation. Burnet. PREFI GURATIVE*, pre-fig'-yu-ra-tfv. a. Ex- hibiting by antecedent representation. Barrow. To PREFIGURE, pre-fig'-yure. v. a. To exhibit by antecedent representation. Hooker. To PREFFNE§, pre-flne'. v. a. [prefner, Fr.; prm- finio. Lat.] To limit beforehand. Knolles. PkEFINFTION*, pref-e-nish'-un. n.s. [prcefnitie, Lat.] Previous limitation. Fotherby. To PREFIX §, pre-fiks'. v. a. [prcefigo, hat.] To appoint beforehand. Sliakspeare. To settle ; to establish. Hale. To put before another thing : as, He prefixed an advertisement to his book. PREFFX, pre'-fiks. 492. n.s. [prcefxum, Lat .] Some particle put before a word, to vary its signification. Brown. PREFFXION, pre-flk'-shun.w.s. [Fr.] The act of prefixing. Did. To PREFO'RM, pre-f6rm'. v. a. To form before hand. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. PREFULGENCY*, pre-ful'-jen-se. n.s. [prceful- gens, Lat.] Superiour brightness. Barrow. PRE GNABLE*, preg'-na-bl. a. [prenable, Fr.] Expugnable ; that may be forced, or won by force ; that may be overcome. Cotgrave. Ob. T. PRE'GNANCE*, preg'-nanse. n.s. State of being impregnated. Young. Inventive power. Milton. PREGNANCY, preg'-nan-se. n.s. The state of be- ing with young. Ray. Fertility ; fruitfulness ; in- ventive power ; acuteness. Fell. PRE'GNANT §, preg'-nant. a. [Fr ; prcegnans, Lat.] Teeming ; breeding. Milton. Fruitful ; fertile ; impregnating. Milton. Full of consequence. King Charles. Evident; plain; clear; full. Sliakspeare. Easy to produce or to admit any thing. Sliakspeare. Free; kind. Shak. Ready; dexterous; witty; apt. Sliakspeare. PRE'GNANTLY, preg'-nant-le. ad. Fruitfully ; ful- ly ; plainly; clearlv. Sliakspeare. To PRE'GRAVATE*, preg'-ra-vate. v. a. [prce- gravo, Lat.] To bear down ; to depress. Bp. Hall. PREGUSTA'TION, pre-gas-ta' shfin. n. s. [prcs and gusto, Lat.] The act of tasting, - before another To PREINSTRU'CT* pre-in-strukt'. v. a. To in- struct previously. More. * 716 PRE PRE -n6, move, n6r, n&t; — tube, tub, bull 3 — 6)1 ; — pound ; — thin, THis To PREJUDGE $, pre-iudje'. v. a. [prejuger, Fr. ; prce and judico, Lat.] To determine any question beforehand ; generally to condemn beforehand. Milton. PREJUDGEMENT*, pre-judje'-ment. n.s. Judge- ment without examination. Bp. nf Killaloe, (Knox.) PREJUDICACY* pre-ju'-de-kas-e. n. s. Prepos- session; prejudice. Blount. To PREJUDlCATE, pre-jiV-de-kate. v. a. [prce and judico, Lat.] To determine beforehand to dis- advantage. Sandus. To PREJUDlCATE* pre-ju'-de-kate. v.* To form a judgement without examination. Sidneij. PREJUDlCATE, pre-ju'-de-kat. 91. a. Formed by prejudice ; formed before examination. Bacon. Prejudiced ; prepossessed bv opinions. Bp. Hall. PREJUDICATION, pre-ju-de-ka'-shim. n.s. The act of judging without examination. Sherwood. PREJU'DIOATIVE*, pre-ju'-de-ka-uV. a. Form- ing an opinion or decision without examination. More. PREJUDICE §, pred'-ju-dls. 142. n. s. [Fr. ; preju- dicium, Lat.] Prepossession ; judgement formed beforehand without examination. Clarendon. Mis- chief; detriment; hurt; injury. Bacon. To PREJUDICE, prSd'-ju-dls. v. a. To prepossess with unexamined opinions; to fill with prejudices. Prior. To obstruct or injure by prejudices pre- viously raised. Hooker. To injure; to hurt; to diminish ; to impair ; to be detrimental to. Hooker. PREJUDICIAL, pred-ju-dish'-al. a. [prejudiciable, Fr.] Obstructed by means of opposite preposses- sions. Holyday. Contrary; opposite." Hooker. Mischievous ; hurtful ; injurious j detrimental. Clarendon. PREJUDICIALNESS, pred-ju-dish'-al-nes. n. s. The state of being prejudicial; mischievousness. PREDACY, preF-la-se. n. s. The dignity or post of a prelate or ecclesiastick of the highest order. Ayliffe. Episcopacy; the order of bishops. Drijden. Bishops : collectively. Hooker. PRELATE $, prel'-iat. 91, 532. n.s. [prelat, Fr.; prcelatus. Lat.] An ecclesiastick of the highest or- der and dignity. Hooker. ft5= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Buchanan, Perry, and En- tick, pronounce the e in the first syllable of this word short. W. PRE'LATESHIP, prelMat-ship. n.s. Office of a prelate. Harrnar. PRELATICAL, pre-lat'-te-kal. > ff.Relatinglopre- PRELATICK* pre-lat'-lk. > lates or prelacy. Bp. Morton. PREI A'TICALLY*, pre-lat'-te-kal-le. ad. With reference to prelates. Bp. Morton. PRELATION, pre-la'-shun. n.s. [prcelatus, Lat.] Preference ; setting of one above the other. More. PRE'LATURE, prel'-la-ture. ) m , PRE'LATURESHIP, prel'-la-ture-shlp. \ n ' s ' [prelatura, Lat. ; prelature, Fr.] The state or digni- ty of a prelate. Diet. PRE'LATY*. prel'-a-te. n. s. Episcopacy. Milton. To PRELE'CT $*, pre-lekt'. v.n. [prcelectus,prcele- go, Lat.] To discourse ; to read a lecture. Bishop PRELECTION, pre-lek'-shun. n. s. [prcelectk, Lat.] Reading; lecture; discourse. Hale. PRELECTOR*, pre-Iek'-tur. n. s. [prcelector, Lat.] A reader ; a lecturer. Sheldon. PRELIBA'TION, pre-li-ba'-shfin. 530. n.s. [prceli- bo, Lat.] Taste beforehand ; effusion previous to fasting. More. PRFXI'MlNARY^re-lIm'-e-na-re. a. [preliminaire, Fr. ; prce limine. Lat.] Previous ; introductory ; proemial. Dry den. PRELPMINARY, pre-lW-e-na-re. n. s. Something previous ; preparatory act. Notes on Iliad. PRE'LUDE §, prel'-ude. 532. n.s. [prelude, Fr. prce- iudium, Lat.] Some short flight of musick played before a full concert. Young. Something introduc- tory ; something that only snows what is to follow. Dryckn. §Cf* Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenric*, W. Johnston, Buchanan, Perry, and Entick, pronounce the e in the first syllable of this word short. IV. To PRELUDE, pre-lude'. 492. v.n. [preluder, Fr prccludo, Lat.] To serve as an introduction ; to b* previous to. Dryden. To PRELU'DE*, pre-lude'. v. a. To play before Mason. PRE'LUDER* prel'-A-d&r. n.s. One who plays an extemporary introduction to a regular piece of rau sick. Mason. PRELUDIOUS, pre-lu'-je-us. 293. a. Previous ; in- troductory. Cleaveland. PRELU'DIUM, pre-kV-de-um. n.s. [Lat.] Pre- lude. Bp'. Taylor. PRELUSIVE, pre-UV-slv. 158, 428. a. Previous; introductory ; proemial. Thomson. PRELU'SORY*, pre-hV-sur-e. a. Introductory; previous. Bacon. PREM ATU RE §, pre-ma-ture'. 531. a.[prcemaiurus, Lat.] Ripe too soon ; formed before the time ; too early ; loo soon said, believed, or done ; too hasty. Hammond. PREMATURELY, pre-ma-ture'-le. ad. Too early ; too soon ; with too hasty ripeness. PREMATU'RENESS, pre-ma-uW-nes. ) n m PREMATU'RITY, pre-ma-tu'-re-te. $ T* [prematurile, Fr.] Too great haste ; unseasonable earliness. Warton. To PREMEDITATE $, pre-med'-e-tate. v. a. [prce- meditor, Lat.] To contrive or form beforehand; to conceive beforehand. Shakspeare. To PREMEDITATE, pre-med'-e-tate. v.n. To have formed in the mind by previous meditation ; to think beforehand. Hooker. PREMEDITATE*, pre-med'-e-tate. a. Contrived beforehand ; prepense. Burnet. PREMEDITATELY*, pre-med'-e-late-le. ad. With premeditation. FelAxam. PREMEDITA'TION, pre-med-e-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [preemeditatio, Lat.] Act of meditating before- hand. Shakspeare. To PREME'RIT, pre-mer'-rft. v. a. [premereor, LatJ To deserve before. King diaries. PRE'MICES, premMs-slz. n. s. [primitive, Lat. premices. Fr.] First fruits. Dnjden.. PREMIER, preme'-yer. 113. a. [Fr.] First ; chief. Camden. PRE'PJIER*, preme'-yer. n. s. A principal minister of state; the prime minister. Hildrop. Tc PREMISE §, pre-mlze'. v. a. [prcemissus, Lat ] To explain previously ; to lay down premises. Burnet. To send before the time. Shakspeare. To PREMl'SE*, pre-mlze'. v. n. To make antece- dent propositions. Swift. PREMISES, prem'-?s-s3z. 99. n.s. [pratnissa, Lat.; premisses, Fr.] Propositions anteceder ly supposed or proved. Hooker. [Li law language ] Houses or lands. Blackstone. PRE'MISS, prem'-is. n. s. [praemissum, Lat.] Ante- cedent proposition. Walls. PRE'MIUM, pre'-me-um. n. s. [prccmium, Lat.] Something given to invite a loan or a bargain. Addison. ToPREMO'NISH^pre-mon'-nfsh. v. a. To warn or admonish beforehand. Bale. PREMO'NISHMENT, pre-mon'-nfsh-ment. n. s Previous information. Wotton PREMONITION, pre-m6-n?sh'-un. n. s. Previous notice ; previous intelligence. Chapman. PREMO'NITORY, pre-mon'-ne-tur-e. 512. [See Domestick.] a. [prce and moneo, Lat.] Previ- ously advising. PREMO'NSTR ANTS* pre-mim'-strants. n.s. [Prce- monstratenses, Lat.] Monks cf Premonire, in the Isle of France, commonly called White Canons- who first came into England in tne twelfth century To PREMO'N8TRATE§, pre-mon'-strate. v. a [prce and monstro, Lat.] To show beforehand. Sir J. Harinoton. PREMONSTRATION*, pre-mon-stra'-shun. n. s. Act of showing beforehand. SJielford. 717 PRE PRE U 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, m^t;— pine, pin;— PREMUNI RE, pv&m'-mu-nlrkn. s. [Lat.] A writ in the common law, whereby a penalty is incurrable, as infringing some statute. Bramhall. The penalty so incurred. South. A difficulty : a distress. PREMUNFTION, pre-mu-n?sh'-un. n.s. [prcemu- nio, Lat.] An anticipation of objection. To PRENO'MINATES, pre-nom'-me-nate. v. a. [prcenomino, Lat.] To forename. Sliakspeare. PRENO'MINATE*, pre-n6m'-me-nate. part.a. Fore- named. Sliakspeare. PRENOMINA'TION, pre-n6m-me-na'-shun. n. s. The privilege of being named first. Brown. PRENO'TIOM, pre-n6 7 -shun. n. s. [prenotion, Fr. 3 prce and ?w$co, Lat.] Foreknowledge 3 prescience. Brown. PRENSA'TION*, pren-sa'-shun. n. s. [prensalns, from prenso, Lat.] The act of seizing with vio- lence. Barrow. PRENTICE §, pren'-tfs. 142. n.s. [contracted from apprenticed] One bound to a master, in order to in- struction in a trade. Sliakspeare. PRENTICESHIP^ren'-tfs-shfp. n. s. The servitude of an apprentice. Pope. PRFNUNCLVTION, pre-r.un-she-a'-shun. [See Pronunciation.] n. s. [prcenuncio, Lat.] The act of telling before. Diet. PREO'CCUPANCY, pre-ok'-ku-pan-se. n.s. The act of taking possession before another. ToPRECyCCUPATES, pre-6k'-ku-pate. v. a. [pre- occuper, Fr. 5 prceoccupo, Lat.] To anticipate. Ba- con. To prepossess ; to fill with prejudices. Wotton. PREOCCUPATION, pre-6k-ku-pa'-shun. n.s. An- ticipation. Proceed, against Garnet. Preposses- sion. Barrington. Anticipation of objection. South. To PREO'CCUPY, pre-6k'-ku-pl. v. a. To take previous possession of. Mede. To prepossess 3 to occupy by anticipation or prejudices. Arbuthnot. Tb PREDOMINATE, pre-onV-me-nate. v. a. [prce and ominor, Lat.] To prognosticate 3 to gather from omens any future event. Brown. PREOPINION, pre-i-pm'-yun. 113. n. s. [prce and opinio, Lat.] Opinion antecedently formed ; pre- possession. Brown. PREOPTION*, pre-op'-shun. n.s. [prce, and option.] The right of first choice. Stackhouse. To PREORDAIN §, pre-Sr-dane'. v. a. [prce, and ordain.] To ordain beforehand. Hammond. PREO'RDINANCE, pre-6V-de-nanse. n. s. [prce, and ordinance.] Antecedent decree 3 first decree. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. PREO'RDINATE*, pre-6r'-de-nate. part. a. Preor- dained. Sir T. Ehiot. PREORDINATION, pre-Sr-de-na'-shun. n. s. The act of preordaining. Fotherby. PRETARATE* prep'-eY-ate. part, [preparatus, Lat.] Prepared. Old Morality of every Man. Ob, T. PREPARATION, prep-er-a'-shun. 530. n. s. [pre- paratio, Lat.] The act of preparing or previously fitting any thing to any purpose. Wake. Previous measures. Burnet. Ceremonious introduction. Slink. The act of making or fitting by a regular process. Arbuthnoi. Any thing made by process of operation. Brown. Accomplishment 3 qualifica- tion. Sliakspeare. PREPARATIVE, pre-par'-ra-tJv. a. [preparatif, Fr.] Having the power of preparing, qualifying, or fitting. South. PREPA'RATIVE, pre-par'-ra-tlv. n.s. [preparatif, Fr.] That which has the power of preparing or previously fitting. Hooker. That which is done in order to something else. King Cliarles. PREPA'RATIVELY, pre-par'-ra-dv-le. ad. Previ- ously ; by way of preparation. Hale. PREPARATORY, pre-par'-ra-tur-e. [See Domes- tick.] a. [preparatoire, Fr.] Antecedently neces- sary Tillolson. Introductory ; previous 3 antece- dent Hale. 7 oPREPA'RE^, prepare', v. a. [prceparo, Lat.] To fit for any thing ; to adjust to any use ; to make ready for any purpose. Hammond. To qualify for aov purpose. Addison. To make ready before- hand. Psalm cviii. To form 3 to make. Psalm xxiv. To make by regular process : as, He pre- pared a medicine. To PREPARE, pre-pare'. v.n. To take previous measures. Peacham. To make everv thing ready ; to put things in order. 1 Pet. iii. To make one's self ready 3 to put himself in a state of expectation. PREPA'RE, pre-pare 7 . n. s. Preparation 5 previous measures. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. PREPA'REDLY,pre-pa'-red-le. 364. ad. By proper precedent measures. Sliakspeare. PREPAREDNESS, pre-pa'-rgd-n§s. n. s. State or act of being prepared. South. PREPA'RER, pre-pa'-rur. 98. n. s. One thatpre- pares5 one that previously fits. Wotton. That which fits for any thing. Mortimer. To PREPENSE §* pre-pense'. v. a. [prce and pen do, Lat.] To weigh or consider beforehand. Sir T. Elyot. To PREPENSE*, pre-pense'. v. n. To deliberate beforehand. Spenser. PREPENSE*, pre-pense'. a. Forethought 3 precon- ceived 5 contrived beforehand : as, malice prepense. PREPO'LLENCE*, pre-pol'-lense. ) n. s. [prcepol- PREPO'LLENCY*, pre-p&l'-len-se. \ lens, Lat.] Prevalence. Coventry. To PREPONDER, pre-p6n'-dgr. v. a. To outweigh Wotton. Ob. J. PREPONDERANCE, pre-p6n'-der-anse. ) „ „ PREPONDERANCY, pre-pon'-der-an-se. $ n ' s ' The state of outweighing ; superiority of weight Locke. PREPONDERANT*, pre-p&n'-deT-ant. part. a. [prceponderans, Lat.] Outweighing. Reid. To PREPONDERATE $, pre-p6n'-der-ate. v. a. [prcepondero, Lat.] To outweigh; t> overpower by weight. Glanvitte. To overpo ver by stronger influence. To PREPONDERATE, pre-p&n'-der-ate. v. n. To exceed in weight. Wilkins. To exceed in influ- ence or power analogous to weight. Locke. PREPONDERATION, pre-p&n-der-a'-shun. n. s. iMie act or state of outweighing any thing. Watts. To PREPO'SE§, pre-p6ze'. v. a. [preposer, Fr. 5 prcepono, Lat.] To put before. Diet. PREPOSI'TlON,pre>p6-z?sb'-un. n. s. [Fr.; prce- positio, Lat.] [In grammar.] A particle governing a case. Clarke. PREPO'SITOR, pre-poz'-z?t-ur. n.s. [prcepositor, Lat.] A scholar appointed by the master to over- look the rest. PREPO'SlTURE*,pre-p5z'-e-tshure. n.s. [preepes- itura, Lat.] A provostship. Lowth. To PREPOSSE'SS §, pre-poz-zeV. 531. v. a. [prce, and possess.] To preoccupy ; to take previous pos- session of. Beaumont. To fill with an opinion un- examined ; to prejudice. Wiseirmn. PREPOSSE'SSIO'N, pre-poz-zesh'-un. n. s. Preoc- cupation ; first possession. Hammond. Prejudice $ preconceived opinion. Soicfh. PREPOSSE'SSOR*, pre-poz-zeV-sur. n. s. One that possesses before another. Brady. PREPOSTEROUS §, pre-pos'-ter-us. a. [prcepos- terus, Lat.] Having that first which ought to be last. Woodward. Wrong 5 absurd; perverted. Bacon. Applied to persons : foolish ; absurd. Sliak. PREPO'STEROUSLY, pre-p&s'-ter-us-le. ad. In a wrong situation ; absurdly. Sliakspeare. PREPOSTEROUSNESS, pre-p&s'-ter-fis-nes. n.s. Absurdity ; wrong order or method. Feltham. PREPOTENCY, pre-p6'-ten-se. [pre-p6'-ten-se, Jones, Fulton and Knight ; pre'-pi-tg n-se. Per- ry.] n.s. [prcepotentia,\dX.] Superiour power ; predominance. PRE'POTENT* pre-p6'-tent, or pre'-p6-tent. a. Mighty; very powerful. Plaifere. PRE V PUCE, pre'-puse. n. s. [prepnee, Fr. 3 prcepu tium, Lat.] That which covers the glans ; foreskin Wiseman. To PREREQUTRE, pre-re-kwlre'. v. a. To demand previously. Hammond. PREREQUISITE, pre-rek'-kwlz-it. a. Previously necessary. Brown. 718 PRE PRE — 116, m5ve n6r not;- -tube. tfib, bail ; -oil; — p6und — //tin, this. PREREQUISITE*, pre-rek'-kwlz-it. n. s. Some- thing previously necessary. Drvden. To PRERESO'LVE*, pre-re-z6lv / . v. a. To re- solve previously. Sir E. Dering. PREROGATIVE §, pre-rog'-ga-tfv. n. s. [ preroga- tive, Fr. ; prazrogatica, low Lat.] An exclusive or peculiar privilege. Bacon. PREROGATIVE, pre-rSg'-ga-uVd. 359. a. Hav- ing an exclusive privilege ; having prerogative. Shakspeare. PRES. Pres,prest, seem to be derived from the Saxon ppeoyc, a priest; it being usual in after times to drop the letter in like cases. Gibson. PRE'SAGES.preV-sadje. 492,532. n. s. [presage, Fr. ; prcesao-ium, Lat.] Prognostick ; presension of futurity. Milton. §CT Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and Entick, pronounce the e in the first syllable of this word short ; and Dr. Kenrick and W. Johnston make it long. W. To PRESA'GE, pre-sadje'. v. a. [presager, Fr. ; prcesagio, Lat.] To forebode ; to foreknow ; to foretell ; to prophesy. SlwJcspeare. To foretoken ; to foreshow. Milton. PRESA'GEFUL*, pre-sadje'-ffil. a. Foreboding 3 full of presage. Thomson. PRESA'GEMENT, pre-sadje'-mgnt. n. s. Forebode- ment; presension. iVotlon. Foretoken. Brown. PRESA'GER*, pre-sa'-jur. n. s. Foreteller ; fore- shower. Shakspeare. PRE'SBYTER§ ; preV-be-tgr. n.s. [presbyter, Lat.; irpco(3vTcpos, Gr.] A priest. Hooker. A Presbyte- rian. Butler. PRESBYTE'RIAL, preVbe-te'-re-al. ) PRESBYTE'RIAN, prez-be-te'-re-an. \ a ' [rpecrfivTeoos .] Consisting of elders ; a term for a modern form of ecclesiastical government. Holy- diy. PRESBYTE'RIAJ^prgz-be-te'-re-an. n.s. An abet- tor of Presbytery or Calvinistical discipline. Swift. PRESBYTE'RIANISM*, preVbe-te'-re-an-lzm. n. s. The principles and discipline of Presbyteri- ans. Addison. PRE'SBYTERY^reV-be-teV-o. n. s. Body of elders, whether priests or laymen. Baron. PRE'SCIENCE, pre'-she-cnse. 532. n.s. [prescience, Fr.] Foreknowledge ; knowledge of future things. Rateizh. PRE'SCIENT§, pre'-she-^nt. 357. a. [prcesciens, Lat.] Foreknowing; prophetick. Bacon. PRE'SCIOUS, pre'-she-us. a. [prcescius, hat.] Hav- ing foreknowledge. Bp. Hall. To PRESCIND?, pre-smd'. v. a. [prcestindo, Lat.] To cut off; to abstract. Pearson. PRESCI'NDENT, pre-sfnd'-ent. a. Abstracting. Cheune. To PRESCRIBE, pre-skrlbe'. v. a. [prcescribo, Lat.] To set down authoritatively; to order; to direct. Hooker. To direct medically. Dnjden. To PRESCRFBE §, pre-skrlbe'. 7-. n. To influence by long custom. Brown. To influence arbitrarily ; to give law. Locke, [prescrire, Fr.] To form a custom which has the force of law. Arhdhnot. To write medical directions and forms of medicine. Pope. PRESCRIBER*, pre-skrl'-bur. n. s. One win gives any rules or directions. Fcir^rbtt, PRESCRIPT, pre'-skrfpt. a. [prcer.Hptus, Lat.] Directed; accurately laid down m a precept. Hooker. PRESCRIPT, pre'-skript. n.s. [prcescriplum,'Lal.'] Direction ; precept ; model prescribed. Spenser. Medical order. Fell. PRESCRIPTION, pre-skrlp'-shfin. n. s. [praescrip- tio, Lat.] Rules produced and authorized by long custom ; custom continued till it has the force of law. Bacon. Medical receipt. Temple. Appoint- ment. Bale. PRESCRIPTIVE*, pre-skrlp'-tiv. a. [praescripius, Lat.] Pleading the continuance and authority of custom. Hurd. PRE'SEANCE, pre-se'-anse. n.s. [preseance, Fr.j Priority of place in sitting. Carew. Ob. J. PRESENCE, prCz'-zense. n. s. [Fr. ; prccsentia, Lat.] Stale of being present ; contrary to absence Shak. Approach face to face to a great person- age. Sidney. State of being in the view of a su- periour. Milton. A number assembled before a great person. Shak. Port ; air ; mien ; demean- our. Bacon. Room in which a prince shows him- self to his court. Spenser. Readiness at need ; quickness at expedients. Waller. The person of a superiour. Milton. PRESENCE-CHAMBER, prez'-zens-tsham-bur. ) I PRESENCE-ROOM, preV-zens-rOOm. $ I n. s. The room in which a great person receives I companv. Locke. J PRESENTATION* pre-sen-sa'-shun. n. s. [pros, and sensation.'] Previous notion or idea. More. 1 PRESENSION, pre-sen'-shun. n. s. [procsensia, Lat.] Perception beforehand. Brown. !PRE'SENT§, preV-zent. a. [Fr. ; prcesens. Lat.] Not absent ; being face to face ; being at hand. Hale. Not past; not future. Milton. Ready at hand ; quick in emergencies. Bacon. Favourably attentive ; not neglectful ; propitious. B. Jonson. Unforgotten ; not neglectful. Watts. Not abstract- I ed ; not absent of mind ; attentive. Being now in j view ; being now under consideration. Law. J The PRESENT, n. s. An elliptical expression for I the present time ; the time now existing. Milton. j At PRE'SENT. n. s. [a present, Fr.] At the present time ; now. Addison.. ' PRESENT, prez'-z^nt. n. s. A gift ; a donative ; [ something ceremoniously given. Milton. A leUei ' or mandate exhibited per presentes. Sliakspeare. To PRESE'NT, pre-zent 7 . 492. v. a. [pracsento, low Lat. ; presenter, Fr.] To place in the presence of a superiour. Milton. To exhibit to view or notice. Shak. To offer ; to exhibit. Milton. To give for- mally and ceremonious!}-. Prior. To put into the hands of another in ceremony. Pope. To favour with gifts. South. To prefer to ecclesiastical ben- efices. Atterbury. To offer openiy. Hayword. To introduce by something exhibited to the view or notice. Spenser. To lav before a court of judi • cature, as an object of inquiry. Swift. To point a missile weapon before it is discharged. PRESENTABLE, pre-zenl'-a-bl. a. "What may be presented. Aylij/e. What may be exhibited or represented . Burke. PRESENTA'NEOUS, prez-zgn-ta'-ne-Ss. a. [pra> sentaneus, Lat.] Ready ; quick ; immediate. Har* veil. PRESENTATION, prez-zen-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of presenting. Hooker. The act of offeringany one to an ecclesiastical benefice. Hale. Exhibi- tion. Dn/den. PRESE'INTATIYE, pre-zen'-ta-tlv. a. Such as that presentations mav be made of it. Spelman. PRESENTE'E, prez-ze'n-tee'. n. s. [preseme, Fr.] One presented to a benefice. Ayliffe. PRESENTER, pre-zen'-tur. 98." n7s. One that pre- sents. Bp. Taylor. PRESE NTIAL, pre-zen'-shal. a. Supposing actual presence. Rorris. PRESENTIA'LITY, pre-zen-she-al'-e-te. n. s. State of bein)p.'] A kind of exhalation, thrown from the clouds downwards with such force as to be set on fire by the collision. PRESTIGES $, preV-te-jez. n.s. [prestiges, Fr. ; praestigice, Lat.] Illusions; impostures ; juggling tricks. Warburton. PRESTIGIA'TION^res-tld-je-a'-sh&n. n.s. [pray stigiator, Lat.] A deceiving; a juggling; a playing legerdemain. PRESTFGIATOR*, pres-tid'-je-a-tur. n.s. A jug- gler ; a cheat. More. PRESTI'GIATORY*, pres-fid'-je-a-tur-e. a. Jug- gling ; consisting of illusions. PRESTIGIOUS*, pres-t'fd'-je-us. a. Juggling ; practising tricks; imposing upon. Bale. PRESTO, pres'-to. ad. [Ital. ; Lat.] Quick ; at once. Swift. Gavlv; with quickness : a musical term. PRESTRICTlON*, pre-slrnV-shun. n. s. [prcB- strictus, Lat.] Dimness. Milton. PRESUMABLE*, pre-ziV-ma-bl. a. That may be believed previously without examination, or affirm- ed without immediate proof. PRESUMABLY, pre-zir-ma-ble. ad. Without ex- amination. Brown. To PRESU'ME§, pre-zume'. 454. v.n. [presumer, Fr. ; proesumo, Lat.] To suppose ; to believe pre- viously without examination. Milton. To suppose ; to affirm without immediate proof. Brown. To venture without positive leave. Bacon. To form confident or arrogant opinions. Locke. To make confident or arrogant attempts. Hooker. PRESU.MER^re-zu'-m&r. 98. n.s. One that pre- supposes ; an arrogant person; a presumptuous per son. Wotton. PRESU'MPTION, pre-zum'-shSn. 512. n. s. [prce sumptus. Lat. ; presomplion, Fr.] Supposition pre viously formed. Rogers. Confidence grounded on any thing presupposed. Clarendon. An argument strong, but not demonstrative; a strong probability Hooker. Arrogance; confidence blind and adven- turous; presumptuousness. Shak. Unreasonable confidence of divine favour. Rogers. 720 PRE PRE — n6, mSve, ndr, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pound 5 — thin, THis. PRESUMPTIVE, pre-zfim'-tfv. a. [presomptif, Fr.] Taken by previous supposition. Locke. Supposed : as, the presumptive heir : opposed to the heir appa- rent. Blackstone. Confident 3 arrogant; presumptu- ous. Brown. PRESUMPTIVELY*, pre-zum'-tiv-le. ad. By pre- vious supposition. Burke. PRESUMPTUOUS, pre-zum'-tshu-Ss. a. [pre- sompteux,Fv.] Arrogant; confident; insolent. Ba- con. Irreverent wifli respect to holy things. Per- kins. #5= We frequently hear this word pronounced in three syllables, by corrupting and contracting the two last syllables into shus, as if written prezumshus -• but cor- rect speakers carefully preserve these syllables distinct, and pronounce them like the verb to chew, and the pro- noun us. — See Unctuous. W. PRESUMPTUOUSLY, pre-zum'-tshu-fis-le. ad. Arrogantly ; confidently. Irreverently. Addison. With vain and groundless confidence in divine fa- vour. Hammond. PRESU'MPTUOUSNESS, pre-zum'-tshu-us-n£s. n. s. Quality of being presumptuous 5 confidence ; irreverence. Conybeare. PRESUPPO'SAL, pre-siip-pd'-zal. 531. n. s. Suppo- sal previously formed. Hooker. To PRESUPPOSE $, pre-sup-p6ze'. v . a . [presup- poser, Fr. ; prce, and suppose.] To suppose as pre- vious ; to imply as antecedent. Hooker. PRESUPPOSPTION, pre-sfip- P 6-z5(sh'-un. n. s. Supposition previously formed. Sherwood. PRESURMFSE, pre-sur-mlze'. n. s. [prce, and sur- mise.] Surmise previously formed. Sluikspeare. PRETE'NCE, pre-tense'. n.s. [prcetensus,~La.t.] A false argument grounded upon fictitious postulates. Tillotson. The act of showing or alleging what is not real; show; appearance. Spenser. Assump- tion ; claim to notice. Evelyn. Claim, true or false. Milton. Something threatened, or held out to ter- rify. Sluikspeare. To PRETE'ND §, pre-teW. v.a. [ prcetendo, Lat.] To hold out ; to stretch forward. Dryden. To sim- ulate; to make false appearances or representa- tions; to allege falsely. Milton. To shew hypo- critically. Decay of Christian Piety. To hold out as a delusive appearance. Milton. To claim. Dry- den. To design ; to intend. Spenser. To PRETE'ND, pre-tend'. v. n. To put in a claim truly or falsely. Dryden. To presume on ability to do any thing ; to profess presumpluouslv. Broun. PRETE'NDEDLY*, pre-tend'-ed-le. ad." By false appearance or representation. Hammond. PRETE'NDER, pre-lend'-ur. 98. n. s. One who lays claim to any thing. Dryden. In English his- tory, the name given to the person who was ex- cluded by the law from the crown of England. Burnet. PRETENDINGLY, pre-tend'-lng-le. ad. Arro- gant] v; presumptuously. Collier. PRETE'NSED*, pre-tensf.77art.tf. [prcetensus, Lat.] Pretended ; feigned. Pretensed right is a term of law. Staplelon. PRETE'NSION, pre-ten'-shun. n.s. [pretensio, Lat.] Claim, true or false. Denlmm. Fictitious appear- ance. Bacon,. PRETE'NTATIVE*, pre-teu'-la-tiv. a. [prce,and tentative.'] That may be previously tried. Wotton. PRE'TER, pre'-tur. [prceter, Lat.] A particle which, prefixed to words of Latin original, signifies beside. PRETERIMPE'RFECT, pre-ter-?m-peV-fgkt. a. [In grammar.] Denotes the tense not perfectly past. PRE / TERIT6, pre'-ter-it. a. [preterit, Fr. ; prceteri- tus, Lat.] Past. PRETE'RITNESS, pre'-t£r-it-ngs. n. s. State of being past ; not presence ; not futurity. Bentley. PRETERI'TION, pre-tgr-rfsh'-fin. n. s. [Fr.] The act of going past ; the state of being past. Bp. Hall. PRETERLA PSED, pre-ter-lapst'. a. [preterlapsus, Lat.] Past and gone. Glanville. PRETERLEGAL, pre-tur-le'-gal. a. Not agreeable to law. K. Charles. PRETERMISSION, pre-ter-mfsh'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; prcctermissio, Lat.] The act of omitting. Donne. To PRETERMIT §, pre-ter-m?t'. v.a. [prcetermit- to, Lat.] To pass by ; to neglect. Bacon. PRETERNA'TURAL §, pre-ter-nat'-tshu-ral. a. [prceter, and natural.'] Different from what is nat- ural ; irregular. South. PRETERNATURA'LITY* pre-lur-nat-tshu-ral'- e-te. n. s. Preternaturalness. Smith. Ob. T. PRETERNA'TURALLY, pre-ter-nat'-tshu-ral-e. ad. Li a manner different from the common order of nature. Bacon. PRETERNA'TURALNESS, pre-ter-nat'-tshu-ral- nSs. n. s. Manner different from the order of na- ture. PRETERPE'RFECT^re-ter-per'-flkt. a. [prderi- tum perfecium, Lat.] A grammatical term applied to the tense which denotes time absolutely past Addison. PRETERPLUPE'RFECT, pre-ter-phV-per-fekt. a. [ preteritum plusquam perfectum, Lat.] The gram- matical epithet for the tense denoting time relative- ly past, or past before some other past time. To PRETEXT, pre-t£ks'. v.a. [pretexo, Lat.] To cloak ; to conceal. Edwards. PRETE'XT, pre-tgkst y . n.s. [prcetextiim, Lat.] Pre- tence ; false appearance ; false allegation. Shak. PRETE'XTA t pre-t£ks'-ta. n. s. The robe that was worn by the youths of old Rome under seventeen years of age. PRE'TOR, preMor. 166. n. s. [praetor, Lat.] The Roman judge. Shakspeare. PRETO'RIAL*, pre-t6'-re-al. a. Judicial; pro nounced by the pretor. Burke. PRETO'RIAN, pre-t6'-re-an. a. [preiorianus, Lat.] Judicial; exercised by the pretor. Bacon. PRE'TORSHIP*. pre'-tur-stfp. n. s. The office of pretor. Dr. Warton. PRE'TTILY, prlV-te-le. ad. [from pretty.] Neatly; elegantly ; pleasingly ; without dignity or elevation. Bacon. PRE'TTFNESS, prlt'-te-ngs. n.s. Beauty without dignity ; neat elegance without elevation. More. PRETTY*, pr!f-te. 101. a. [prate, Sax.; prctto t ha\; prat, prattigh, Dutch.] Neat; elegant; pleas- ing without surprise or elevation. Raleigh. Beau- tiful without grandeur or dignity. Slmk. Foppish ; affected : applied in contempt to men. Taller. It is used in a kind of diminutive contempt in poetry, and in conversation : as, A pretty fellow indeed* Dryden. Not very small : a vulgar use. Abbot. PRE'TTY, prit'-te. ad. In some degree this word is used before adverbs or adjectives to intend their signification : it is less \han vei-y : as, "pretty well stocked with people." Burnet. To PRETYTIFY*, pre-tip'-e-fl. v. a. [prce, and typify j To prefigure. Pearson. To PREVAILS, pre-vale'. v.n. [prevaloir, Fr.; prcevalere, Lat.] To be in force; to have effect; to have power; to have influence. Locke. To over- come ; to gain the superiority. Shak. To gain in- fluence ; to operate effectually. Wilkins. To per- suade or induce. Hooker. PREVAILING, pre-va'-llng. a. Predominant; having most influence. Locke. PREVA'ILMENT, pre-vale'-ment. «. 5. Preva- lence. Shakspeare. PREVALENCE, pi ev ; -va-l£nse. ) n.s. [prevalence, PRE'VALENCY, prev'-va-len-se. K Fr. ; prcevalen- tia, low Lat.J Superiority ; influence ; predomi- nance ; efficacy ; force ; validity. Clarendon. PREVALENT, preV-va-lgnt. a. [prcevalens, Lat.] Victorious; gaining superiority; predominant. Ra- leigh. Powerful ; efficacious. Milton. Predomi- nant. Woodward. PREVALENTLY, prev'-va-lent-le. ad. Powerful ly: forcibly. Prior. To PREVA'RICATE§#, pre-var'-re-kate. v. a. [prcevaricor, Lat.] To pervert; to turn from the right ; to corrupt ; to evade by some quibble. Spenser 721 PRI PRI \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: To PREVA'RICATE, pre-var'-re-kate. u. n. To cavil ; to quibble ■ to shuffle. Soi/th. PREVARICA'TTON, pre-var-re-ka'-shun. n. s. iprcevaricatio, Lai.] Shuffle: cavil. Addison. PREVARICATOR, pre-var'-re-ka-tfir. 521. n. s. [pj-cecaricator, Lat.] A caviller ; a shuffler. B. Jrmson. A sort of occasional orator : an academi- cal phrase at Cambridge. Bp. Wren. To PREVENE, pre-vene'. v. a. [prmvenio, Lat.] To hinder. Phillips. PREVENIENT, pre-ve'-ne-ent. a. [pneveniens, Lat.] Preceding- ; going before ; preventive. Mil- ton. To PREVENT §, prevent', v. a. [prcevenio, Lat.] To go before as a guide ; to go before, making the way easy. Common Prayer. To go before ; to be before. Psalm cxix. To anticipate. Pope. To preoccupy ; to preengage ; to attempt first. King Charles. To hinder 5 to obviate; to obstruct : this is now almost the only sense. Milton. To PREVE'NT, pre-vent'. v. n. To come before the time. Bacon. PREVENTABLE*, pre-vent'-a-bl . a. Capable of being prevented. Bp. Reynolds. PREVENTER, jpre-vent'-ur. n. s. One that goes be- fore. Bacon. One that hinders; a hinderer; an obstructer. PREVENTION, pre-ven'-shun. n. s. [prevention, Fr., from prceventum, Lat.] The act of going before. Bacon. Preoccupation ; anticipation. Hammond. Hinderance; obstruction. Milton. Prejudice; pre- possession. Dry den. PREVENTINGLY^pre-vent'-ing-le. ad. In away so as to stop, or obviate. Dr. Walker. PREVENTIONAL, pre-ven'-shun-al. a. Tending to prevention. Diet. PREVENTIVE, pre-vgal'-fv. 157. a. Tending to hinder. Bacon. Preservative ; hindering ill. Brown. PREVENTIVE, pre-vent'-iv. n. s. A preservative ; that which prevents ; an antidote previously taken. Arhuthnot. PREVENTIVELY, pre-venf-iv-le. ad. In such a manner as tends to prevention. Brown. PREVIOUS §, pre'-ve-us. 314. a. [prctxius, Lat.] Antecedent ; going before ; prior. Burnet. PREVIOUSLY, pre'-ve-us-le. ad. Beforehand; an- tecedently. Prior. PRE'VIOUSNESS, pre'-ve-us-nes. n. s. Antece- dence. PREVISION*, pre-vizh^-un. n. s. [prcerisus, Lat.] A seeing beforehand ; foresight. Pearson. To PREWA'RN*, pre- warn', v. a. [ prce, and warn.] To give previous notice of Ml. Beaum. and Fl. PREY§, pra. 269. n. s. [prceda, Lat.] Something to be devoured; something to be seized; ravin; plunder. Clarendon. Ravage ; depredation. Shale. Animal oi'prey, is an animal that lives on other an- imals. V Estrange. To PREY, pra. v. n. [prcedor, Lat.] To feed by violence. Shak. To plunder; to rob. Shale. To corrode ; to waste. Addison. PRE'YER, pra/-ur. 98. n. s. Robber ; devourer ; plunderer. PRFAPISM, prl'-a-pizm. n. s. [priapismus, Lat.] A preternatural tension. Bacon. PRICE §, prise. 467. n. s. [prix, Fr. ; preis, Germ..; pris, Goth.] Equivalent paid for any thing. 2 Sam. xxiv. Value ; estimation ; supposed excellence. Hooker. Rate at which any thing is sold. Locke. Reward ; thing purchased by merit. Pope. To PRICE, prise, v. a. To pay for. Spenser. To value; to estimate. Sandys. PRICELESS*, prlse'-les, a. Invaluable ; without price. Shakspeare. To PRICK §, prik. v. a. [pniccian, Sax.] To pierce with a small puncture. JEzek. xxviii. To form or erect with an acuminated point. Bacon. To fix by the point. Newton. To hang on a point. Sandys. To nominate by a puncture or mark. Bacon. To spur; to goad; to impel; to incite. Shak. To pain; to pierce with remorse. Acts, ii. To make acid. Hudibras. To mark a tune. Hartlib. To PRICK, prik. v. n. [prijken, Dutch.] To dress one's self for show. To come upon the spur. Spen- sir. To aim at a point, mark, or place. Sir J. Hawkins. PRICK, prlk. n.s. [ppicca, ppice, Sax.J A sharp, slender instrument ; any thing by which a punc- ture is made. Acts, ix A thorn in the mind; teasing and tormenting thought ; remorse of con science. Shak. A spot or mark at which archers aim. Careio. A point; a fixed place. Spenser A puncture. Brown. The print of a hare in the ground. PRFCKER, prnV-kur. 98. n.s. A sharp-pointed in- strument. Moxon. A light-horseman. Hay-ward. PRFCKET,pr1k'-kit. 99. n.s. A buck in his second year. Shakspeare. PRFCKING*, prik'-ing. n. s. Sensation of being pricked. Shakspeare. PRFCKLE, prlk'-kl. 405. n.s. [ppiccle, Sax.] Small, sharp point, like that of a brier. Bacon.. A basket made of briers. B. Jonson. PRFCKLEBACK* prik'-kl-bak. n. s. A small fisl-, so named from the prickles on its sides and back. PRI'CKLINESS, prfk'-le-ne's. n.s. Fulness of sharp points. PRFCKLOUSE, prlk'-louse. n. s. A word ot con tempt for a tailor. L' Estrange. PRFCKLY, prlk'-le. a. Full of sharp points. Ba- con. PRFCKMADAM, prlk'-mad-um. n. s. A species of houseleek. PRFCKPUNCH, prnV-pfinsh. n. s. A piece of tem- pered steel, with a round point at one end, to prick a round mark in cold iron. Moxon. PRFCKSONG, prik'-song. n. s. Song set to musick 3 variegated musick, in contradistinction to plain- song. Bale. PRFCKWOOD, prik'-wud n.s. A tree. Ainstcorth. PRIDE §, pride, n.s. [pp.it, or ppybe, Sax.] Inor- dinate and unreasonable self-esteem. Shak. Inso- lence ; rude treatment of others ; insolent exulta- tion. Shak. Dignity of manner ; loftiness of air. Generous elation of heart. Smith. Elevation • dignity. Shak. Ornament; show; decoration Spenser. Splendour; ostentation. Dry den. The state of a female beast soliciting the male. Shak. To PRIDE, pride, v. a. To make proud ; to rate himself high. Gov. of the Tongue. PRFDEFUL*, pride'-ful. a. Insolent; full of scorn. W. Richardson. Ob. T. PRFDELESS*, prideMes. a. Without pride. Cheat- cer. Ob. T. PRFDINGLY*, prl'-dmg-le. ad. In pride of heart Barrow. PRIE, prl. n. s. Probably an old name of privet Tusser. PRIEF, preef. n. s. Proof. Spmser. Ob. J. PRFER, prl'-or. 416. n. s. One who inquires too narrowly. PRIEST §, preest. 275. n. s. [pjieoffc, Sax.] One who officiates in sacred offices. Lev. xxi. One of the second order in the hierarchy, above a deacon, below a bishop. Leslie. PRIE'STCRAFT, preest'-kraft. n. s. [priest and craft.'] Religious frauds ; management of wicked priests to gam power. Spectator. PRIE'STESS, preest'-tSs. n. s. A woman who of- ficiated in heathen rites. Addison. PRIE'STHOOD, preesl'-hud. n. s. [pjieoj-thafc, Sax.] The office and character of a priest. Whit gift. The order of men set apart for holy offices. Dry den. The second order of the hierarchy. PRlE'STLIKE*, preist'-llke. a. Resembling a priest, or what belongs to a priest. Sliakspeare. PRIE'STLINESS, preestMe-nes. n.s. The ap- pearance or manner of a priest. PRIE'STLY, preest'-le. a. Becoming a priest ; sa- cerdotal ; belonging to a priest. South. PRIE'STRIDDEN, pr&est'-rid-d'n. 103. a. [priest and ridden.] Managed or governed by priests Swift. To PRIEVE, preev. v. a. To prove. Chaucer. Ob. J. 722 PRI PRI — n6, mSve, n3r, not;— tube, tub, bull;— 611; — pSiind; — thin, this. To PRIG $*, prig. v. n. [pracligen, Dutch.] To steal ; to filch. Barret. PRIG, prig-, n. s. [A cant word.] A thief. Shak. A pert, conceited, saucy, pragmatical, little fellow. Toiler. PRILL, prll. n. s. A birt or turbot. Ainsworth. §£jT Commonly pronounced brill. W. PRIM §, prim, a. Formal 3 precise; affectedly nice. Swift. To PRIM, prim. v. a. To deck up precisely ; to form to an affected nicety. PRFMACY, pri'-ma-se. n. s. [primaute, Fr. ; pri- matus, Lat.] Excellency ; supremacy. Barrow. The chief ecclesiastical station. Clarendon. Q^p Mr. Elphinston is the only orthoepist who gives the short sound to i in this word. Perhaps no one un- derstands the analogies of our language better ; but in this and several other words he overturns the very foundation of language, which is — general custom. I am well acquainted with the shortening power of the antepenultimate accent, 535 ; and, if custom were wa- vering, this ought to decide; but in this word, and pri- mary, custom is uniform, and precludes all appeal to analogy. TV. PRFMAGE, prr'-mldje. n. s. The freight of a ship. Ainsivorth. PRIMAL, piKmal. a. [primus, Lat.] First. Shak. PRIMARILY, prl'-ma-re-le. ad. Originally; in the first intention ; in the first place. Brown. PRFMARrNESS, prl'-ma-re-nes. n. s. The state of being first in act or intention. Norris. PRFJVIARY §, prl'-ma-re. [See Primacy.] a. [pri- marius, Lat.] First in intention. Hammond. Ori- ginal ; first. Raleigh. First in dignity ; chief; prin- cipal. Bentleif. PRFMATE y , prl'-mat. 91. n. s. [primat, Fr ; pri- mus, Lat.] The chief ecclesiastick. Holyday. PRFMATESHIP, prl'-mat-shlp. n. s. The dignity or office of a primate. PRIMA'TICAL*, prl-mat'-e-kal. a. Belonging to the chief ecclesiastick, or primate. Bai-row. PRIME y, prime, n.s. [primus, Lat. ; pnim, Sax.] The first part of the day ; the dawn ; tne morning. Spenser. The beginning ; the early days. Hooker. The best part. Swift. The spring of life ; the height of health, strength, or beauty. Spenser. Spring. Waller. The height of perfection. Wood- ward. The first canonical hour. Crashaw. The first part ; the beginning. Upton. PRIME, prime, a. Early; blooming Milton. Prin- cipal ; first-rate. Clarendon. First ; original. Slmk. Excellent. SJiak. [prim, Fr.] Forward. Shak. To PRIME, prime, v. a. To put in the first powder ; to pat powder in the pan of a gun. Boyle, [pri- mar, Fr.] To lay the ground on a canvass to be painted. To PRIME*, prime, v. n. To serve for the charge of a gun. Beaumont and Fletcher. PRFMELY, prlme'-le. ad. Originally ; primarily ; in the first place ; in the first intention. South. Ex- cellently; supremely well. PRFMENESS, prlme'-nes. n. s. The state of being first. Excellence. PRFMER, prlm'-mur. a. [primarius, Lat.] First; original. Mowitagu. Ob. J. PRFMER, prlm'-mur. 98. n. 5. An office of the bless- ed Virgin. Stilling fleet, [primarius, Lat.] A small prayer book, in which children are taught to read, so named from the Romish book of devotions : an elementary book. Locke. A kind of letter in printing. PRIME RO, pri-me'-ro. 133. n. s. [primcra, Span.] A game at cards. Shakspeare. PRIME' VAL . prl-me'-val. 133. ) a [primccvus, PRIME'VOUS, prl-me'-vus. \ Lat.] Original; such as was at first. Blackmore. PRIMIGE NIAL*, prl-me-je'-n^-al. ) a. [primi- PRIMIGE'NIOUS*, pri-me-je'-ne-us. \ genius, Lat.] First-born ; original ; primary. Bp. Hall. PRIMFPILAR*, prl-mlp'-e-lar. a. [primipilaris, Lat.] Of, or belonging to, the captain of the van- guard. Barrow. PRIMFTIAL, prl-mlsh'-al. 133. a. [primitice, Lat.] Being of the first production. Ainsworth. PRFMITIVEy, prlm'-e-tlv. a. [primitif, Fr. ;primi- tivus, Lat.] Ancient ; original ; established from the beginning. White. Formal ; affectedly solemn ; imitating the supposed gravity of old times. Ori- ginal ; primary; not derivative : as, in grammar, a primitive verb. Milton. PRFMITIVE*, prW-e-tlv. n. s. A primitive word. Johnson. PRFMITIVELY, prlm'-e-tlv-le. ad. Originally ; at first. Brown. Primarily; not derivatively. John- son. According to the original rule. South. PRFMIT1YENESS, prlmQ-tlv-nes. n. s. State of being original ; antiquity; conformity to antiquity. PRFMITY*, prlm'-e-te. n. s. [primitus, Lat.] 'The slate of being first, or original. Pearson. PRIMNESS, prlm'-nes. n. s. Affected niceness or formality. Gray. PRIMOGE'NIAL, prl-mo-je'-ne-al. a. [primigenius , Lat.] Firstborn; original; primary; constituent; elemental. Glanville. PRIMOGENITOR*, prl-n^-jen'-e-tur. n. s. Forefa- ther. Gavion. PRIMOGENITURE y, prl-m6-j£n'-e-ture. n. s. [primogeniture, Fr. ; from primo genitus, Lat.] Seniority ; eldership ; state of being firstborn. Brown. PRFMOGE'NITURESHIP*, prl-mc-jen'-e-ture- shlp. n.s. Right of eldership. Citation by Burke. PRIMORDIAL §, prl-mSr'-de-al, or Drl-mdr'-je-al. 293, 376. a. [primordium, Lat.] Original; ex- isting from the beginning. Bp. Bull. PRIMO'RDIAL, prl-m6r'-de-al. n< s. Origin ; first principle. More. PRIMO'RDIAN, prl-mor'-de-an. n. s. A kind of plum. PRIMOTvDIATE, prl-mor'-de-ate. 91. a. Original; existing from the first. Boyle. To PRIMP*, primp, v. n. [perhaps from prim.] To behave in a ridiculously formal, or affected man ner. PRFMROSE, prlm'-roze. n. s. [prime and rose ; primula veris, Lat.] A flower that appears early in the year. Shak. Primrose is used by Shakspeare for gay or flowery ; as, the primrose way. PRFMY*, prl'-me. a. Blooming. Shakspeare. PRINCE y, prlnse. n. s. [Fr. ; princeps, Lat.] A sovereign; a chief ruler. Milton. A sovereign of rank next to kings. Ruler, of whatever sex. Cam- den. The son of a king. Popularly, the eldest son of him that reigns under any denomination is call- ed a prince : as the son of the duke of Bavaria is called the electoral prince. Sidney. The chief of any body of men. Peacham. To PRINCE, prlnse. v. n. To play the prince 5 to take state. Shakspeare. PRFNCEDOM, prlns'-dum. 166. n. s. The rank, es tate, or power of the prince ; sovereignty. Spenser. PRFNCELIKE, prms'-Uke. a. Becoming a prince. Shakspeare. PRFNCELINESS, prW-le-ngs. n. s. The state, manner, or dignity of a prince. Slierwood. PRFNCELY, prlns'-le. a. Having the appearance of one high bom. Shak. Having the rank of princes. Sidney. Becoming a prince ; royal ; grand ; august. Milton. PRFNCELY, prW-le. ad. In a princelike manner PRINCES-FEATHER, prln'-slz-feTH'-ur. n. s The herb amaranth. Ainsworth. PRFNCESS, prnV-ses. 502. n. s.[princesse, Fr.] A sovereign lady ; a woman having sovereign com- mand. Dryden. A sovereign lady of rank, next to that of a queen. The daughter of a king. Sruxk. The wife of a prince. PRFNCIPAL y , prln'-se-pal. 88. a. [principal, Fr. ; principalis, Lat.] Princely. Spenser. Chief; of the first rate ; capital ; essential ; important ; consider- able. Hooker. PRFNCIPAL, prln'-se-pal. n.s. A head; a chief not a second. Bacon. One primarily or originally engaged; not accessary or auxiliary Swift A 723 PRI PRI 03=559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mh ;— pine, pin ;- capital sum placed out at interest. Sliak. Presi- dent or governour. Spenser. PRINCIPALITY, prln-se-pal'-e-te. n.s. [principaul- i£, Fr.] Sovereignty ; supreme power. Sidney. A prince ; one invested with sovereignty. SJiak. The country which gives title to a prince : as, the prin- cipality of Wales. Shak. Superiority ; predomi- nance. Digby. PRINCIPALLY, prln'-se-pjjl-e. ad. Chiefly} above all ; above the rest. Bp. Taylor. PRFNCIP ALNESS, prln'-se-pal-ngs. n. s. The state of being principal or chief. PRFNCIP ATE* prln'-se-pate. n. s. [principalis, Lat.] Principality : supreme rule. Barrow. PRINCIPIA'TION, prln-slp-e-a'-shan. n. s. [prin- cipium, Lat.] Analysis into constituent or elemen- tal parts. Bacon. Not used. PRFNCIPLE §, prln'-se-pl. 405. n. s. [principium, Lat.] Elementj constituent part j primordial sub- stance. Watts. Original cause. Dryden. Being productive of other being} operative cause, Tillot- son. Fundamental truth j original postulate ; first position from which others are deduced. Hooker. Ground of action 5 motive. Wake. Tenet on which morality is founded. Addison. Beginning. Spenser. To PRFNCIPLE, prln'-se-pl. v. a. To establish or fix in any tenet } to impress with any tenet, good or ill. Milton. To establish firmly in the mind. Locke. PRFNCOCK, prln'-kok. ) n. s. [from prink or prim PRFNCOX, prln'-k&ks. ) cock ; perhaps praecox or prazcoquium ingenium, Lat.] A coxcomb ; a con- ceited person } a pert young rogue. A child made saucy through 100 much indulgence. Shakspeare. To PRINK, prlngk. v.n. [pronken, Dutch.] To prank j to deck for show. Howell. To PRINK*, prlngk. v. a. To dress or adjust to os- tentation. To PRINT §, print, v. a. [imprinter, empreint, Fr.] To mark by pressing any thing upon another. Dryden. To impress any thing, so as to leave its form. Roscommon. To form by impression. Shak. To impress words or make books, not by the pen, but the press. Pope. To PRINT, print, v. n. To use the art of typography. Milton. To publish a book. Pope. PRINT, print, n. s. [empreinte, Fr.] Mark or form made by impression. Wicliffe. That which, being impressed, leaves its form : as, a butter print. Pic- tures cut in wood or copper to be impressed on paper. It is usual to say wooden prints and cop- per plates. Picture made by impression. Waller. The form, size, arrangement, or other qualities of the types used in printing books. Dryden. The state of being published by the printer. Addison. Single sheet printed for sale ; a paper something less than a pamphlet. Addison. Formal method ; exactness. Shakspeare. PRFNTER, prlnt'-ur. 98. n. s. One that prints books. Digby. One that stains linen with figures. PRINTING*, prlnt'-lng. n. s. The art or process of impressing letters or words ; typography. Shak. The process of staining linen with figures. PRFNTLESS ? prlntMes. a. That which leaves no im- pression. Milton. PRFOR §, prl'-fir. 166. a. [Lat.] Former ; being be- fore something else ; antecedent } anteriour. Ro- gers. PRFOR, prl'-ur. n. s. [prieur, Fr.] The head of a convent of monks, inferiour in dignity to an ab- bot. Addison. Prior, in some churches, presides over others in the same churches. Ayliffe. PRFORATE*, prl'-fir-ate. n. s. [prioratus, low Lat.] Government exercised by a prior. War-ton. PRFORESS, prl'-ur-gs. n. s. A lady superiour of a convent of nuns. Shakspeare. PRIORITY, prl-or'-re-te. n. s. The state of being first ; precedence in time. Hayward. Precedence in place. Shakspeare. PRFORLY*, prl'-fir-le. ad Antecedently. Geddes. PRFORSHIP, prl'-ur-shlp n. s. The state or office of a prior. PRFORY, prl'-ur-e. n. s. A convent, in dignity be- low an abbey. Shak. Priories are the churches which are given to priors in tilulum, or by way of title. Ayhjfe. PRI SAGE, prl'-sadje. n. s. [prisage, Fr.] Prisage, now called butlerage, is a custom whereby the prince challenges out of every bark loaden with wine, two tuns of wine at his price. CoweL PRISMA, prlzm. n.s. [prisme, Fr.; Tnivpa, Gr.] A prism of glass is a glass bounded with two equal and parallel triangular ends, and three plain and well polished sides, which meet in three parallel lines, running from the three angles of one end tc the three angles of the other end. Newton. PRISMA'TICK, prlz-mat'-tlk. 509. a. [prismatique Fr.] Formed as a prism. Derham. PRISMA'TICALLY, prlz-mat'-te-kal-e. ad. In the form of a prism. Boyle. PRFSMOIL^prlz'-mdld. n.s. A body approaching to the form of a prism. PRISON^, prlz'-zn. 170. n. s. [Fr.; pp-ij-un, Sax.] A strong hold in which persons are confined ; a gaoi Shakspeare. To PRFSON, prlz'-zn. v. a. To imprison ; to shut up in hold ; to restrain from liberty. P. Fletcher. To captivate; to enchain. Milton. To confine. Shakspeare. PRFSONBASE, prlz'-zn-base. n. s. A kind of rural play, commonly called prisonbars. Sandys. PRISONER, prlz'-zn-ur. 98. n. s. [prisonnier, Fr.] One who is confined in hold. Bacon. A captive ; one taken by the enemy. Spenser. One under an arrest. Dryden. PRFSONHOUSE, prlz'-zn-hduse. n. s. Gaol; hold in which one is confined. SJiakspeare. PRFSONMENT, prlz'-zn-ment. n s. Confinement, imprisonment: captivity. Shakspeare. PRFSTINE, prls'-lln. 140. a. [pristin, old Fr. } pru- tinus, Lat.] First ; ancient ; original. More. PRFTHEE, prlTH'-e. A familiar corruption of pray thee, or, I pray thee. Rowe. PRFVACY, prl'-va-se, or prlv'-a-se. n.s. State of being secret ; secrecy. Retirement ; retreat ; place intended to be secret. Dryden. [privaute, Fr.] Privity ; joint knowledge ; great familiarity. Ar- buthnot. Taciturnity. Ainsivorth. ftCf* The first pronunciation of this word is adopted by Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenriek, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and En- tick; and the last by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, and Mr. Scott. Mr. Elphinston is in this word consis- tent with his pronunciation of primacy ; but my ear and observation greatly fail me, if the first mode of pro- nouncing this word is not the most agreeable to polite as well as general usage. It seems to retain the sound of its primitive private, as piracy does of pirate ; which word piracy Mr. Elphinston, in opposition to all oui orthoepists, pronounces with the i short. TV. PRIVA'DO, prl-va'-d6. [See Lumbago.] n. t. [Span.] A secret friend. Bacon. PRFVATE §, prl'-vat. 91. a. [privatus, Lat.] Not open ; secret. Milton. Alone ; not accompanied. Being upon the same terms with the rest of the community; particular; opposed to publick. Hooker Particular; not relating to the publick. Digby. Admitted to participation of knowledge; privy B. Jonson. Sequestered. Shak. — In private. Se- cretly ; not publickly ; not openly. Glanville. PRFVATE, prl'-vat. n. s. A secret message. Shak Particular business. B. Jonson. A common sol dier. PRIVATE'ER, prl-va-teer'. n. s. [from private.'] A ship fitted out by private men to plunder the ene- mies of the state. Swift. To PRIVATE'ER, prf-va-teer'. v. a. To fit out ships against enemies, at the charge of private persons. PRFVATE LY, prl'-vat-le. ad. Secretly; not open- ly. St. Mark, xxiv. PRFVATENESS, pri'-vat-nes. n. s. The state of a man in the same rank with the rest of the commu- nity. Secrecy; privacy. Bacon. Obscurity; re- tirement. Wolton. PRIVATION, prl-va'-sh&n. 133. n. s. [Fr. ; priva- tio, Lat.] Removal or destruction of any thing or quality. Davies. The act of the mind by winch 724 PRO PRO n6, move, ndr, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6?1 ; — pound 5 — thin, thIs in considering- a subject, we separate it from any thing- appendant. The act of degrading from rank or onice. Bacon. PRFVATIVE $, prlv'-va-tiv. 133. a. [privkHf,¥r.', privativus, Lat.] Causing privation of any thing. Consisting in the absence of something ; not posi- tive. Privative is, in things, what negative is in propositions. Bacon, OCT Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and Entick, make the first syllable of this word short, as I have done : and Mr. Perry and Buchan- an make it long. In defence of the first pronunciation it may be observed, that this word is not like primacy and primary ; the first of which is a formative of our own ; and the second, derived from the Latin primarius, which, in our pronunciation of the Latin, does not shorten the i in the first syllable asprivativus does, (see Academt and Incomparable ;) and therefore these words are no rule for the pronunciation of this ; which, besides the general tendency of the penultimate accent to shorten every vowel it falls on but it, 535, seems to have another claim to the short vowel from its termina- tion : thus sanative, donative, primitive, derivative, &c, all plead for the short sound. W. PRFVATIVE, prlv'-va-uV. 157. n. s. That of which the essence is the absence of something, as silence is onlv the absence of sound. Bacon. PRFVATIVELY,prIv'-va-t3v-16.ad. By the absence of something necessary to be present. Negative- ly. Hammond. PRFVATIVENESS, priv'-va-uWs. n. s. Notation of absence of something that should be present. PRFVET, prlv'-vh. 99. n. s. Evergreen : a plant. Miller. PRIVILEGES, prfv'-ve-lidje. n. s. [Fr.; pririle- gium, Lat.] Peculiar advantage. Milton. Immu- nity ; right not universal. Sliakspeare. To PRFyiLEGE,priv'-v£-lMje. 133. v. a. To invest with rights or immunities ; to grant a privilege. Druden. To exempt from censure or danger. Sidney. To exempt from paying tax or impost. Hale. PRFVILY, prlv'-e-le. ad. Secretly ; privately. Spen- ser. PRFVrTY, pr?v'-e-te. 530. n. s. [privmcte 1 , Fr.] Pri- vate communication. Spenser. Consciousness ; joint knowledge; private concurrence. Hooker. Privacy. Spenser. [In the plural.] Secret parts. Abhot. PRFVY §, prlv'-e. a. [price, Fr.] Private ; not pub- lick; assigned to secret uses. Sliak. Secret; clan- destine ; done by stealth. 2 Mace. viii. Secret ; not shown ; not publick. Ezek. xxi. Admitted to secrets of state. Shak. Conscious to any thing; admitted to participation of knowledge. Daniel PRFVY, prlv'-e. n. s. Place of retirement; necessa- ry house. Swift. PRIZE §, prize, n. s. [preis, Germ. ; and ptrs, Goth.] A reward gained by contest with competitors. Sliak. A reward gained by any performance. Dry den. [prise, Fr.] Something taken by adven- ture; plunder. Arbuthnot. To PRIZE, prize, v. a. [priser, Fr.; appreciare, Lat.] To rate ; to value at a certain price. Zech. xi. "To esteem ; to value highly. Druden. PRFZER, pri'-zfir. 98. n. s. [priseur, Fr.] One that values. Shak. One who contends for a prize. B. Jonson. PRFZEFIGHTER, prlze'-fl-tur. n. s. One who fights publickly for a reward. Arbuthnot. PRO, pro. [Lat.] For ; in defence of. — Pro and con, for pro and contra, for and against. Clarendon. PRO' A*, or PROE*. n. s. [perhaps from the Span. proa.] A name given to a sailing vessel of the In- dies. Young. PROBABILITY, prob-a-bll'-e-te. n. s. [probabili- tas, Lat.] Likelihood ; appearance of truth ; evi- dence arising from the preponderation of argument : it is less than moral certainty. Locke. PROBABLE §, prdb'-ba-bl. a. [Fr. ; probabilus, Lat.] Likely; having more evidence than the contrary. Hooker. That may be proved. Milton. {&• Were this word used to signify the possibility ©f 48 searching a wound with a probe, the would in that case be pronounced long. W* PRO'B ABLY, prob'-ba-ble. ad. Likely ; in likelihood Swift. PRO'BATE*. pro'-bat. n. s. [probatam, Lat.] Proof. Skelton. The proof of a will; the official copy of a will with the certificate of its having- been proved, Blackstone. PROBATIONS, pro-ba'-shnn, n. s. [probaiio, Lat.] Proof; evidence ; testimony'. Shak. The act of proving bv ratiocination or testimony. Pearson, [probation, Fr.] Trial; examination. Bacon. Mor- al trial. Nelson. Trial before entrance into monas- tick life ; novitiate. Beaumont and Fletcher. $3= The in the inseparable preposition of this and sim- ilar words, when the accent is on the second syllable, is exactly like the in obedience, which see, TV. PROBATIONAL*, pro-ba'-shun-al. a. Serving for trial. Bp. Ricliardson. PROBATIONARY, pr6-ba'-shun-a-re. a. Serving for trial. Bp. Taylor. PROBATIONER, pro-ba'-shfia-ur. n. s. One who is upon trial. Dryden. A novice. Decay of Cur. Piety. PROBATIONERS!)!?, pro-ba'-shun-fir-slup. n.s. State of being a probationer; novitiate. Locke. PROBATIONSHIP*, pr6-ba/-shun-shlp. n. s. State of probation; novitiate. Transl. of Boccalinu PROBATIVE*, pro'-ba-tlv. a. [probatus, Lat.] Servingfor trial. South. PROBATOR*, pro-ba'-tur. n. s. [Lat.] An exam- iner ; an approver. Maydman. [In law.] An accu- ser ; one who undertakes to prove a crime charged upon another. Cowel. PRO BATORY, prob'-ba-tur-e. 512. [pr6'-ba-tur-e, Sheridan and Perry.'] a. [probo, Lat.] Servingfor trial. Branihall Serving for proof. Bp. Taylor. PROBA'TUM ES7 7 ,pr6-ba'-tum-est. A Latin ex- pression added to the end of a receipt, signifying- it is tried or proved. Prior. PROBE §, probe, n. s. [probo, Lat.] A slender wire by which surgeons search the depth of wounds. Fell PROBE-SCISSORS, probe'-sk-zurs, 1GG. n. s. Scissors used to open wounds, of which the blade thrust into the orifice has a button at the end. Wiseman. To PROBE, probe, v. a. [probo, Lat.] To search : to trv by an instrument. Soittlu PROBITY, prob'-e-te. 530. n. s. [probite, Fr. ; pwbitas, Lat.] Honesty ; sincerity ; veracity. Fid- des. PRO'BLEM$.pr&b'-lem. ». s. [problems, Fr.;np6p- \}]u.a. Gr.] A question proposed. Bacon. PROBLEMATICAL, prob-le-mat'-te-kal. 509. a. Uncertain ; unsettled ; disputed; disputable. White. PROBLEMATICALLY, pr&b-le-mat'-te-kal-e. ad. Uncertainly. To PROBLE'MATIZE* prob-lem'-a-tlze. v. n. To propose problems. B. Jonson. PROBOSCIS, pro-bos'-sls. n. s. [proboscis, Lat.] A snout ; the trunk of an elephant ; used also for the same part in every creature, that bears any re semblance thereunto. Milton. PROCA'CIOUS $, pri-ka'-shus. a. [procax, Lat.] Petulant; saucy; loose. Barrow. PROCA'CITY, pro-kas'-se-te. 530. n. s. Petulance; looseness. Burton. PROCATA'RCTICK, pr6-kat-ark'-llk. a. [vpoKa- TdpKTiKos.] Forerunning ; remotely antecedent Ferrand. PROCATA'RXISjpro-kat-arks'-k n.s. [rpoKarap^- is.] The preexistent cause of a disease, which co- operates with others that are subsequent. Quincii. PROCEDURE, pro-see'-jure. 376. n. s. [Fr.] Man- ner of proceeding ; management ; conduct. South, Act ofproceeding ; progress; process; operation. Hale. Produce ; thing produced. Bacon. To PROCEET) §, pro-seed 7 . 533. v. n. [pycedo, Lat. ; proceder, Fr.] To pass from one thing or place to another. Milton. Togo forward; to tend to the end designed; to advance. Shak. To corns 725 PRO PRO [LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, pin ;— forth from a place or from a sender. St. John. To go or march in state. Anon. To issue ; to arise ; to be the effect of3 to be produced from. Shak. To prosecute any design. Locke. To be transact- ed ; to be carried on. Shak. To make progress. Milton. To carry on juridical process. Clarendon. To transact ; to act 5 to carry on any affair me- thodically. Milton. To take effect 3 to have its course. Aylifr'e. To be propagated ; to come by generation. ^Milton. To be produced by the orig- inal efficient cause. Milton. PROCEE'D, pr6-seed'. n.s. Produce: as, the pro- ceeds of an estate. Howell. PROCEE'DER, pro-seed'-ur. 98. n. s. One who goes forward 3 one who makes a progress. Bacon. PROCEEDING, pr6-seed'»liig. 410. n. s. [procede, Fr.] Process from one thing to another ; series of conduct ; transaction. Shak. Legal procedure : as, Such are the proceedings at law. PROCELEUSMA'TICK*, pros-e-luse-mav'-Sk. a. [irpoKe^Evotianicbs.] Exhorting by songs or speeches. Johnson. PROCE'LLQUS, pr6-seT-lus. a. [procellosus, Lat.] Tempestuous. Diet. PROCETTION, pr6-sep / -shun. n. s. Preoccupa- tion; act of taking something sooner than another. King Charles. Ob. J. PROCE'RE §*, pro-sere', a. {procerus, Lat.] Tall. Evelyn. Ob. T. PROCE'RITY, pro-seV-e-te. n. s. £procerite , Fr. 3 from procerus, Lat.] Talness 3 height of stature. Bacon. PRO'CESS, pros'-ses. 533. n. s. [proces, Fr. ; pro- cessus, Lat.] Tendency; progressive course. Hook- er. Regular and gradual progress. Shak. Course 3 continual fiux or passage. Shak. Methodical management of any thing. Boyle. Course of law. Sliak. [In anatomy.] Eminence of the bones and other parts. Smith. Tgf* Mr Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and Mr. Perry, place the accent on the first syllable of this word ; and those who give the quantity of the vowels make it short ; Buchanan alone, though lie places the accent on the first syllable, makes it long. Mr. Nares suspects the accentuation of this word on the second syllable to be the most ancient, though Shak- speare so frequently places the accent on the first : "Tell her the ptocess of Antonio's end." Merchant of Venice. " In brief, to set the needless process by." Measure for Measure. " In process of the seasons I have seen." Shaksp care's Sonnets. But Milton accents the second syllable: " Cannot without process of speech be told." Par. Lost, VII. 178. " which might rise " By policy and long process of time." — lb. II. 297. There is a phrase, as Mr. Nares observes, In process of time, when we oftener hear the accent on the second syllabic of this word than the first. This is undoubted- ly a proof of the justness of his observation respecting the antiquity of this pronunciation ; but, as it is now antiquated in other phrases, it ought not to be used in this. W. PROCE'SSION §, pr6-sesh'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; proces- sio, Lat.] A train marching in ceremonious solem- nity. Hooker. The act of issuing or proceeding from. Pearson. To PROCE'SSION, pr6-sgsh'-un. v. n. To go in procession. PROCESSIONAL, pro-sesh'-un-al. a. [processional, Fr.] Relating to procession. Cotgrave. PROCESSIONAL* pr6-sesh'-un-al. n. s. [proces- sionale, Lat.] A book relating to the processions of the Romish church. Gregory. PROCESSION ARY, pro-sesh'-un-a-re. 512. a. Con- sisting in procession. Hooker. PRO CHRONISM, pr6 -kr&n-lzm. n. s. [r ? o X p6via- wos.] An errour in chronology 3 a dating a thing before it happened. Gregory. PRO'CIDENCE, pri'-se-der-se. n. s. [procidentia, Lat.] Falling down 5 dependence below its natural place. Ferrand. PROCFNCT, pr6-smkt\ n. s. [procinctus, Lat.] Complete preparation 5 pi eparation brought to tlie pointofactiou.il/i7ton. To PROCLAIM, pro-klW. 202. v. a. [proclamo, Lat.] To promulgate or denounce by a solemn oi legal publication. Beat. xx. To tell openly. Locke To outlaw by publick denunciation. Shakspeare. FROCLAFMER, pr6-kla'-mur. 98. n. s. One that publishes by authority. Milton. PROCLAMATION, prok-kla-ma'-shun. n. s. [proc- lamatio, Lat.] Publication by authority. A declara- tion of the king's will openly published among the people. Clarendon. PROCLI'VE*, pr6-klive'. a. [proctitis, Lat.] In- clining or bent to a thing. Bullokar. Ob. T. PR0CLFVITY§,pr6-kuV-e-te. 530. n.s. [proclivi- tas, Lat.] Tendency 5 natural inclination 5 propen sion; proneness. Bp. Hall. R.eadines9j facility of attaining. Walton. PROCLFVOUS, pr6-kli'-vus. 503. a. Inclined 5 tend ing by nature. Diet. PROCONSUL, pr6-kon'-sul. n.s. [Lat.] A Ro man officer, who governed a province with consu lar authority. Peacham. PROCONSULAR*, pr6-koii'-shu-)ar. 452. a. Be longing to a p -oconsul 5 under the rule of a pro consul. Milton. PROCO'NSULSHIP, pro-kon'-sul-shfp. ». s. Tfee office of a proconsul. !Fo PROCRASTINATES, pr6-kras'-ffn-ate. v. a. [procrastinor, Lat.] To defer 3 to delay; to put off from day to day. Shakspeare. To PROCRASTINATE, pro-kras'-tin-ate. n. n. To be dilator) 7 . Hammond. \\ PROCRASTINATION; prd-kras-tin-a'-shfin. n. s. Delav ; dilatoriness. PROCRASTINATOR, pr6-kras'-tm-a-tur. 521. n.s. A dilatory person. Junius. PRO'CREANT, pr6'-kre-ant. 505. a. [procreans, Lat.] Productive; pregnant. Shakspeare. PRO'CREANT*, pr6'-kre-ant. n. s. That which generates. Milton. ToPRO'CREATES, pro'-kre-ate. v. a. [procreo, Lat.] To generate 3 to produce. Bentley. PROCREA'TION, pr6-kre-a/-shun. n. s. [Fr.; pro creatio, Lat.] Generation ; production. Raleigh. PRO'CREATIVE, pro'-kre-a-tiv. 512. a Genera tive 3 productive. Hale. PRO'CREATIVENESS, pro'-kre-a-uVnes. 512, 534. n.s. Power of generation. Decay o/Chr. Piety PRO'CREATOR, pro'-kre-a-tur. 521. n.s. Genera tor 3 begetter. Huloet. PRO'CTOR $, pro-k'-tur. 1G6. n. s. [contracted from procurator, Lat.] A manager of another man's al fairs. Hooker. An attorney in the spiritual court Swift. The magistrate of the university. Waller To PRO'CTOR, pr6k'-tGr. v. a. To manage : a cant word. Warburton. PRO'CTOR AGE*, prok'-tfir-aje. n. s. Manage merit : a contemptuous expression. Milton. PROCTO'RICAL* pr6k-tor'-e-kal. a. Of or belong- ing to the academical proctor 3 magisterial. Dean Prideaux. PRO'CTORSHIP, pr6k'-rfir-sh?p. n. s. Office or dignity of a proctor. Clarendon. PROCU'MBENT, pro-kfim'-bent. a. [procumbens, Lat.] Lying down 3 prone. PROCURABLE, pro-ktV-ra-bl. a. To be procured; obtainable; acquirable. Boyle. PROCURACY, prok'-u-ra-se. n.s. The manage ment of any thing. PROCURATION, pr&k-ku-ra'-shfin. n. s. The act of procuring. Woodward. Management of affairs for another person. Bp. Hall. Procurations arc. certain sums paid to the bishop, or archdeacon, bj incumbents, on account of visitations. Formerly, necessary victuals were the acknowledgement made to the visitor, and his atterdants. They are also called proxies. PROCURATOR. pr6k-ku-ra'-tur. 166. 521. n. , 726 PRO PRO — n6, m6ve, nor, not ; — tube, tfib, bull ; — b\\ ; — podnd ; — tliin, THis. Manager) one who transacts affairs for another. Wicliffe. PROCtJRATO'RIAL, prok-ku-ra-to'-re-al. a. Made by a proctor. Ayliffe. PROCURA'TORSHIP* prok-ku-ra/-tur-ship. n. s. The office of a procurator. Pearson. PROCU'RATORY, pr6-ku'-ra-lur-e. 512. a. Tend- ing; to procuration. To PROCURES, pi-6-kiW. v.a. [ prncuro, Lat.] To manage ; to transact for another. To obtain ; to acquire. Jer. xxxiii. To persuade ; to prevail on. Spenser. To contrive ; to forward. Shakspeare. To PROCU'RE, pro-kure'. v. n. To bawd ; to pimp. Dryden. PROCUREMENT, pro-kure'-ment. n. s. The act of procuring. Sir T. Elyot. PROCU'RER, pr6-ku'-rfir. 98. n.s. One that gains 5 obtainer. Walton. One who plans or contrives. Bacon. Pimp ; pander. South. PROCURESS, pr6-kiV-res. n.s. A bawd. Spectator. PRODIGALS," prod'-de-gal. a. [prodigus, Lat.] Profuse; wasteful; expensive; lavish. Camden. PRO'DIGAL, prod'-de-gal. n. s. A waster; a spend- thrift. B. Jonson. PRODIGALITY, prod-de-gal'-e-te. n. s. [prodi- gality, Fr.J Extravagance; profusion; waste; ex- cessive liberality. Shakspeare. To PRODIGALIZE*, prod'-de-gal-lze. v. n. To play the prodigal ; to be guilty of extravagance. SJiej-wood. Ob. T. PRO'DIGALLY, prod'-de-gal -e. ad. Profusely; wastefully ; extravagantly. B. Jonson. PRODFGIOUS §, pr6-d?d'-j5s. 314. a. [prodigiosus, Lat.] Amazing ; astonishing ; such as may seem a prodigy ; portentous ; enormous ; monstrous. Ba- con. PRODFGIOUSLY, prd-d?d'-jfis-le. ad. Amazingly; astonishingly; portentously; enormously. Cowley. It is sometimes used as a familiar hyperbole. Pope. PRODFGIOUSNESS, pri-dfd'-jus-nes. n. s. Enor- mousness; portentousness ; amazing qualities. Bp. Hall. PRODIGY, prftd'-de-je. n. s. [prodige, Fr. ; prodi- gium, Lat.] Any thing out of the ordinary process of nature, from which omens are drawn ; portent. Shak. Monster. B. Jonson. Any thing astonishing for good or bad. Spectator. PRODFTION, pr6-dlsh'-un. n.s. [proditio, Lat.] Treason ; treacher\\ Bp. Hall. PRO'DITOR, prod'-e-tur. 166. n.s. [Lat.] A traitor. Shakspeare. PRODITORIOUS, pr6d-e-tc/-re-us. a. Traitor- ous; treacherous; perfidious. Daniel. Apt to make discoveries. Wotton. PRO'DITORY*, prod'-e-lur-e. a. Treacherous; perfidious. Millon. PRO'DROME*. pro'-drdme. n.s. [prodrome, Fr.; prodromus, Lat.] A forerunner. Coles. To PRODUCER pri-diW. 492. v.a. [produco, Lat.] To offer to the view or notice. Isa. xli. To exhibit to the publick. Swift. To bring as an evidence. Sliak. To bear; to bring forth, as a vegetable. Sandys. To cause; to effect; to gene- rate; to beget. Bacon. To extend; to lengthen. B. Jonson. PRODUCE, prod^-duse. 532. n.s. Product; that which any thing yields or brings. Dryden. Amount ; profit; gain; emergent sum or quantity. Morti- mer. {J^f Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Perry, and Entick, make the o in the first syllable of this word short; and Buchanan and Dr. Ash long. W. f RODOCEMENT* _pr6-diise'-ment. n. s. Produc- tion. Milton. Ob. T. PRODU'CENT, pr6-du'-sent. n.s. One that ex- hibits; one that offers. Ayliffe. PRODUCER, pr6-du'-sur. n. s. One that generates or produces. Suckling. PRODUCIBFLITY*, pri-di-se-bll'-e-te. n. s. Pow- er of producing. Barrow PRODUCIBLE, prd-du'-se-W. a. Such as may be exhibited. Hammond. Such as may be generated or made. Boyle. PRODUCIBLENESS, pr6-du'-se-bl-nes. n. s. The state of being producible. Boyle. PRODUCT, prod'-ukt. 532. n. s. [productus, Lat.] Something produced by narare : as, fruits, grain, metals. Locke. Work ; composition ; effect of art or labour. Walts. Thing consequential; effect. Millon. Result; sum: as, the product of many sums added to each other. $gr Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston. Perry, and Entick, make the in the first syllable of this word short ; and Dr. Ash, as far as we can gather by his position of the accent, makes it Ion? W. PRODU'CTILE, pr6-duk'-til. 140. a. Which ma\ be produced, or drawn out at length. PRODUCTION, pro-duk'-shun. n. s. The act of producing. Dryden. The thing produced ; fruit: product. Waller. Composition ; work of art or study. Swift. PRODUCTIVE, pr6-duk'-llv. a. Having the pow- er to produce ; fertile ; generative ; efficient. Millon. PRODU'CT^ENESS^pro-duk'-trv-nes. n.s. Slate or quality of being productive. PROEM f, pro'-em. n.s. [-Kpooyiiov, Gr. ;procemium, LatJ Preface; introduction. White. To PROEM*, pro'-em. v.a. To preface. South PROE'MIAL*, pr6-e'-me-ai. a. Introductory. Hun- mond. PRO'FACE*. interj. [prouface, old Fr.] An old ex clamation of welcome, frequent in the writers of Shakspeare's time. Shakspeare. Ob. T. PROFANATION, prof-a-na'-shun. 533. n.s. [pro- fo.no, Lat.] The act of violating an}' thing sacred Hooker. Irreverence to holy things or persons Shakspeare. PROFA'NE§, pro-fane'. 533. a. [pro/aww, Lat.] Ir- reverent to sacred names or things. South. Not sacred; secular. Burnet. Polluted; not pure. Raleigh. Not purified by holy rites. Dryden. To PROFA'NE, pr6-fane'. v. a. [profano, Lat. ; pro- faner, Fr.] To viola'? ; to pollute. Shak To put to wrong use. Shakspeare. PROFA'NELY, pr6-fane'-le. ad. With irreverence to sacred names or things. 2 Esdr. xv. PROFA'NENESS, pr6-Ta.ne'-nes. n. s. Irreverence of what is sacred. Dryden. PROFA'NER, pr6-fane v -ur. n.s. Polluter; violator. Hooker. PROFE'CTION, P r6-fi5k / -shfin. n. s. [profectio, Lat.] Advance; progression. Brown. To PROFESS?, pr6-feV. v.a. [professer, Fr. ; pro- fessus Lat.] To declare himself in strong terms of any opinion or character. Whole Duty of Man. To make a show of any sentiments by loud dec- laration. Shak. To declare publickly one's skill in any art or science, so as to invite employment. Ecclus. iii. To exhibit the appearance of. Spenser. To PROFESS, pr6-fes / . v.n. To declare openly. Tit. i. To enter into a state of life by a publick declaration. Draijtort. To declare friendship. Sliakspeare. PROFESSEDLY, prOj-feV-sed-le. 364. ad. Accord- ing to open declaration made by himself. King Cnarles. Undeniably ; as every one allows. Loivth. PROFESSION, pri-fesh'-fin. n.s. Calling; voca- tion; known employment. The term profession is particularly used of divinity, physick, and law. Raleigh. Declaration. Glanville. The act of de- claring one's self of any party or opinion. Tillotson. PROFESSIONAL, pro-fesh'-un-ai. a. Relating to a particular calling or profession. Richardson. PROFESSIONALLY*, pr6-feW-&n-al-le. ad. By profession. PROFESSOR, pr6-fey-s&r. n. s. [professeur, Fr.] One who declares himself of any opinion or party. Bacon. One who publickly practises or leaches an art. Swift. One who is visibly religious. Lcckt. PROFESSO'RIAL^prof-fes-so'-re-al. a. [professo- rius Lat.] Relating to a professor. Bentley 727 PRO PRO O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin ;— PROFESSORSHIP, pro-fes'-sur-ship. n.s. The station or office of a publick teacher. Walton. PROFE'SSORY*, pro-fes'-so-re. a. Professorial 5 belonging 1 to the professors. Bacon. To PROFFER $, prof -fur. v. a. [pro/era, Lat.] To oropose ; to offer to acceptance. Spenser. To at- tempt of one's own accord. Milton. PROFFER, pr6f-far.n.5. Offer made; something proposed to acceptance. Sidney. Essay 5 attempt. Bacon. PROFFERER.prof-fur-ur.«.s.He that offers. Shak. PROFFCIENCE, pr6-f?sh / -ense. ? n. s. [proficio, PROFFCIENCY, pr6-flsh'-en-se. $ Lat.] Profit; advancement in anything; improvement gained. Addison. PROFFCIENT, pr6-f?sh'-ent. n.s. [proficiens, Lat.] One who has made advances in any study or busi- ness. Boyle. PROFFCUOUS, pro-fik'-ku-us. a. [profcuus, Lat.] Advantageous; useful. Harvey. PROFILE, pro-feef. 112. [pro-feel', Perry, Jones, Fulton and Knight.'] n. s. [profit, Fr.] The side face ; half face. Dry den. PROFIT^ prof-fit. n.s. [Fr.] Gain; pecuniary advantage. Shah. Advantage; accession of good. Bacon.. Improvement; advancement; proficiency. To PROFIT, prof -fit. v. a. [profiler, Fr.] To bene- fit; to advantage. Job, xxx. To improve; to ad- vance. Dryden. To PROFIT, pr6f-f?t. y. n. To gain advantage. Arhdhnot. To make improvement. 1 Tim. iv. To be of use or advantage. Milton. PROFITABLE, pr6f-f?t-a-bl. a. [Fr.] Gainful; lucrative. Sliak. Useful ; advantageous. Shak. PROFITABLENESS, prof-fft-a-bl-nes. n.s. Gain- fulness. Usefulness ; advantageousness. More. PROFITABLY, pr6f-fit-a-ble. ad. Gainfully. Ad- vantageously ; usefully. Wake. PROFITLESS, prof-flt-les. a. Void of gain or ad- vantage. Shakspeare. PROFLIGACY*, prof -fle-ga-se. n.s. State of being lost to decencv and virtue. Barrington. PROFLIGATE §, prof -fle-gat. 91. a. [profigatus , Lat.] Abandoned ; lost to virtue and decency ; shameless. Roscommon. PROFLIGATE, prdf-fle-gat. 91. n.s. An abandon- ed, shameless wretch. Addiso?i. To PROFLIGATE, prof-fie-gate. 91. v. a. [profii- go, Lat.] To drive away; to overcome. Fotherby. Oh. J. PROFLIGATELY, prof -fle-gat-le. ad. Shameless- ly. Swift. PROFLIGATENESS, prof-fle-gat-ngs. n. s. The quality of being profligate. Butler. PROFLIGA'TION*. prof-fle-ga'-shun. n. s. Defeat ; rout. Bacon. PROFLUENCE, prof-flu-ense. n. s. Progress; course. Wolton. PROFLUENT§, pr6f-flu-ent. 532. a. [profluens, Lat.] Flowing forward. Milton. PROFO'UND^, prd-foiuuf. a. [profundus, Lat.] Deep ; descending far below the surface ; low, with respect to the neighbouring places. Milton. Intel- lectually deep; not obvious to the mind : as, a pro- found tre-dtise. Lowly; humble; submiss; submis- sive. Duppa. Learned beyond the common reach. Hooker. Deep in contrivance. Hosea, v. Having hidden qualities. Shakspeare. PROFOUND, pri-found'. n.s. The deep ; the main; the sea. Sandys. The abyss. Milton. To PROFOT/ND, pr6-f6und'. v.n. To dive; to penetrate. Glanville. PROFOUNDLY, pro-fBund'-le. ad. Deeply ; with deep concern. Shak. With great degrees of knowledge ; with deep insight. Drayton. PROFOUNDNESS, pro-fdund'-nes. ?i.s. Depth of place. Depth of knowledge. Hooker. PROFUNDITY, pr6-fund'-e-te. n. s. Depth of place or knowledge. Abp. Usher. PROFUSE §, pro-fuse'. 427. a. [prof urns, Lat.] Lavish ; too liberal ; prodigal. Davenant. Over- abounding; exuberant. Muton. PROFUSELY, pro-fuse'-le. ad. Lavishly ; prodi- gally. Burton. With exuberance. Thomson. PROFU'SENESS, pr6-fuse'-nes. n.s. Lavishness; prodigality. Dryden. PROFUSION, pro-fiV-zh&n. n.s. [profusio, Lat.] Lavishness; prodigality; extravagance. Rowe. Lavish expense; superfluous effusion. Hayward. Abundance ; exuberant plenty. Addison. To PROG§, prog. v.n. [perhaps from the Dutch prachgen.) To go a begging ; to wander about like a beggar ; to procure by a beggarly trick. Beau mont and Fletcher. To rob; to steal. To shift meanly for provisions. V Estrange. PROG, prog. n.s. Victuals; provision of any kind. Swift. To PROGE'NERATE $#, pr6-jen'-eT-ate. v. a. [pro genero, Lat.] To beget ; to propagate. Cotgrave. PROGENERA'TION, pr6-jcn-er-a'-shun. n. s. The act of begetting; propagation. PROGENITOR, P r6-jeV-?t-ur. n. s. [Lat.] A foie- father ; an ancestor in a direct line. Spenser. PRO'GENY, prfid'-je-ne. n.s. [progenie, old Fr. ;pro- genies, Lat.] Offspring ; race ; generation. Hooker. PROGNO'STICABLE, prdg-nos'-te-ka-bl. a. Such as may be foreknown or foretold. Brown. To PROGNOSTICATE, prog-nos'-te-kate. v. a. To foretell ; to foreshow. Clarendon. PROGNOSTICATION, prdg-n&s-te-ka'-shun. 7?. 4. The act of foreknowing or foreshowing. Burnet. Foretoken. Sidney. PROGNO'STICATOR, prog-nos'-te-ka-tfir. 521. n. s. Foreteller ; foreknower. Isaiah, xlvii. PROGNO STICK §, pr6g-n&s'-rfk. a. [Trpoyvoxrw Kbi.] Foretokening disease or recovery ; foreshow- ing : as, a prognostick symptom. PROGNO'STICK, pr&g-nos'-dk. n. s. The skill of foretelling diseases or the event of diseases. Ar buthnot. "" A prediction. Swift. A token forerun ning. South. PROGRAM MA*, pr6-gram'-ma. n.s. [Lat. ; pro gramme, Fr.] A proclamation or edict, set up in a publick place. Life of A. Wood. What is written before something else; a preface. Warton. PRO'GRESS^, prog'-gres. 532. n. s. [progres, Fr.; progressus, Lat.] Course ; procession ; passage. Shak. Advancement ; motion forward. Shak. Intellectual improvement ; advancement in knowl- edge; proficience. Denham. Removal from one place to another. Denham. A journey of state j a circuit. Bacon. $Cr Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, Dr. Ken- rick, W. Johnston, and Perry, pronounce the in the first syllable of this word short; but Buchanan and Entick make it long. TV. ToPRO'GRESS, prog'-gre's. v.n. To move forward; to pass. Shakspeare. Not used. To PRO'GRESS*, prog'-gres. v. a. To go round. Milton. PROGRESSION, pro-gresh'-un. n. s. [progressio, Lat.] Proportional process; regular and gradual advance. Newton. Motion forward. Brown, Course ; passage. SJuxk. Intellectual advance. Locke. PROGRE'SSIONAL, pr6-gresh'-un-al. a. Such as- is in a state of increase or advance. Brown. PROGRESSIVE, pr6-grgs'-siv. a. [progressif, Fr.] Going forward ; advancing. Bacon. PROGRE'SSIVELY,prd-gres'-siv-le. ad. By gradu al steps or regular course. Holder. PROGRE'SSIVENESS, pr6-gres'-sfv-nes. n.s. The state of advancing. To PROHFBIT §, pr6-h?b'-!t. v. a. [prohibeo, I at.] To forbid ; to interdict by authority. Sidney. Ta debar ; to hinder. Milton. PROHI'BITER, prd-hib'-ft-fir. n. s. Forbidder; in terdicter. Sherwood. PROHIBITION, pr6-he-brsh / -fln. ?i.s. [Fr. ; pro- hibit™, Lat.] Forbiddance; interdict; act o! fo" bidding. Hooker. A writ issued by one court to stop the proceeding of another. Blackstone. PROHIBITIVE* pr6-hfb'-be-tiv. a. Implying pro hibition. Bairoiv. 728 PRO PHO — 116, move, n5r, not 5— tube, tab, bull ; —6:1 3 — pSfind ; — Unn, this. PROHIBITORY, pr6-luV-be-tur-e. a. Implying prohibition j forbidding. A'yliffe. To PROLN, proin. v. a. [proingner.Fr.] To lop; to cut ; to trim ; to prune. Chaucer. Ob. J. 2^0 PROIN*, prdin. v. 74. To be emploved in pruning. Bacon. Ob. T. " To PROJE'CT $, pr6-jekl'.492.7\a. [projectus,Lat.] To throw. Spe?iser. To throw out ; to cast for- ward. Pope. To exhibit a form, as of the image thrown on a mirror. Dryden. [projetter, Fr.] j To scheme; to form in the mind; to contrive. King; Charles. To PROJECT, pr6-jekt'. v. n. To jut out ; to shoot forward ; to shoot beyond something next it. PROJECT, prod'-jekt. 492,532. n.s. [projet,Fv.] Scheme ; design ; contrivance. Addison. PROJECTILE; pr6-jeV-Ul. 140. n.s. A body put in motion. Cheyne. PROJECTILE, pr6-jek'-fll. a. [Fr.] Impelled for- ward. Arbuthnot. PROJECTION, pi6-jek'-shun. n. s. The act of throwing away. Patrick. The act of shooting for- wards. Broicn. Plan ; delineation. Watts. Scheme; plan of action : as, a projection of a new scheme. [In chymistry.] An operation ; crisis of an opera- tion ; moment of transmutation. Bacon. PROJE'CTMENT*, pro-jekt'-ment. n. s. Design ; contrivance. Clarendon. PROJECTOR, pr6-jek / -tur. n. s. One who forms schemes or designs. Addison. One who forms wild, impracticable schemes. V Estrange. PROJE'CTURE, pr6-jek'-tshure. 463. n. s. [Fr. ; projectura, Lat.] A jutting out. To PROL A'TE, pro-lite'. 492. v. a. {prolatum, Lat.] To pronounce ; to utter. Howell. PROLATE^, prol'-ate. 532. a. [prolatus, Lat.] Ex- tended beyond an exact round. Cheyne. PROLA'TION, pi^-la'-shfin. n. s. Pronunciation ; utterance. Skdton. Delay; act of deferring. Ainsworth. PROLEGOMENA, prol-le-gom'-me-na. 530. n. s. [-poXeydusva.] Previous discourse ; introductory observations. Steevens. PROLETSIS§, prd-lep'-sk n., s. [^X,fi ff .] A form of rhetorick, in which objections are antici- pated. Bramliall. An errour in chronology, by which events are dated too early. Theobald. PROLETT1CAL. pr6-lep'-te-kal. ) a. A medical PROLETTICK*,'pr6-lep'-t?k. $ word, appli- ed to certain fits of a disease ; previous ; antece- dent. Gregory. PROLE'PTICALLY,pr6-ley-te-kal-le. ad. Byway of anticipation. Bentley. PROLETARIAN, prol-e-ta'-re-an. a. Mean; wretched ; vile ; vulgar. Hndibras. PROLETARY $*, prol'-e-ta-re. n. s. [proletarius, Lat.] A common person; one of the lowest order. Burton. PROLFFICAL§. pro-llf-fe-kal. la. [prolifique, PROLFFICK§, pro-lif-flk. 509. $ Fr. ; proles and facio, Lat.] Fruitful; generative ; pregnant ; productive. Milton. Promising fecundity. Pear- son. PROLFFICALLY, pro-llf-fe-kal-e. ad. Fruitfully ; pregnantly. PROLIFIC A'TION, pr6-llf-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. Gen- eration of children. Govcer. PROLFF1CKNESS* pri-llf-flk-nes. n. s. The state of being prolifick. Scott. PROLFX §, pr6-llks / . a. [prolixus, Lat.] Long ; te- dious ; not concise. Digby. Of long duration. Ay- liffe. PEJOLFXIOUS, prd-l?k<-shus. a. Dilatory ; tedious. Shakspeare. PROLFXITY, pr6-Hks / -^-te. n. s. [prolixite, Fr.] ku-tfir, Jones, Fulton and Knight.'] n.s. [Lat.] The foreman ; the speaker of a convocation. Stapleton. 0^r In compliance with so many authorities, I placed the accent on the antepenultimate syllable of interlocutor, and nearly the same authorities oblige rne to place the accent on the penultimate of this word, for so Dr Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, W. Johnston, Mr. Per- ry, Buchanan, Barclay, Fenning, and Bailey, accent it But surely these two words ought not to he differently accented; and, if my opinion had any weight, I would accent them both on the penultimate, as they may he considered exactly like words ending in atnr, and ought to be accented in the same manner. Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott are very singular in placing the accent on the first syllable.— See Interlocutor. W. PROLOCU'TORSHIP, pr6l-l6-ku'-tur-shlp. n. s. The office or dignity of prolocutor. To PROLOGIZE* prol'-lo-jize. v. n. To deliver a prologue. Beaumont and Fletcher. PRO'LOGUE§, prol'-log. 338, 532. n. s. [-pdXoyo?, Gr. ; prologue, Fr.] Preface ; introduction to any dis- course or performance. Milton. Something spoken before the entrance of the actors of a play. Shale. 53" Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Nares, Dr. Ken- rick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Perry, and Entick, make the 6 in the first syllable of this word Bhort, and Bucha- nan, only, long. W. To PROROGUE, prol'-log. v. a. To introduce with a formal preface. Shakspeare. To PROLONGS, prolong 7 , v. a. [prolonger, Fr. ; pro and longus, Lat.] To lengthen out ; to continue ; to draw out. Milton. To put off to a distant time, Sliakspeare. PROLONGATION, pr6l-long-ga'-shQn. 530. n. s. [Fr.] The act of lengthening. Bacon. Delay to a longer time. Bacon. PROLO'NGER*, pro-long'-ur. n. s. What lengthens out. or continues. More. PROLU SIGN, pro-hV-zhun. n. s. [prolusio, Lat.] A prelude ; an introduction ; an essav. HakeiriU PROMENA'DE*, prom-e-nade'. n.s. [Fr.] Walk. W. Mountague. To PROME'RIT*, pr6-meV-?t. v. a. [promereo, Lat.] To oblige ; to confer a favour on. Bp. Hall. To *■ deserve ; to procure by merit. Pearson. PRO'MINENCE§ 7 prom'-me-nfinse. )n.s. [prcmi- PRO MINENCY§, prom'-me-nen-se. \ nence, old Fr. ; prominentia, Lat.] Protuberance ; extant part. Addison. PRO MINENT, prom'-me-nent. a. [prominens, Lat.] Standing out beyond the other parts ; protuberant; extant. Brown. PRO'MINENTLY* prom'-me-nent-le. ad. So as to stand out bevond the other parts. PROMFSCUOUS$, pro-mis'-ku-us. a. [promiscuus, Lat.] Mingled; confused; undistinguished. Mil ton. PROMFSCUOLSLY, pro-mV-ku-fis-le. ad. With confused mixture ; indiscriminate!)'. Sandus. PROMFSCUOUSNESS* pri-nuV-ku-us-nes. n. s. The state of being promiscuous. Ash. PRO'MISE ^.prom'-miz. [prom'-mls. Sheridan, Per- ry, Jones, Fulton and Knight.'] n. s. [prcmissum, Lat.] Declaration of some benefit to be conferred. Shak. Performance of promise ; grant of the thing- promised. Acts, xxiii. Hopes ; expectation. Sliak. To PROOIISE, prom'-mlz. v. a. [promitio, Lat.] To make declaration of some benefit to be confer- red. 2 Pet. ii. To make declaration, even of ill. Bp. Fisher. To PRO'MISE, prom'-mrz. i>. n. To assure one by a promise. Shak. It is used of assurance, even of ill. Shak. To exhibit a prospect of good ; to excite hone : as, promising weather. PROMISEBREACH, prom'-mfz-bretsh. n. s. Vio- lation of promise. Shakspeare. Ok. J. Tediousness ; tiresome length; want of brevity, i I PRO'MISE BREAKER, prom'-mlz-bra-kur. n. Shakspeare. PROLIXLY', pro-llks'-le. ad. At great length ; te- diously. Drvden. PROLFXNESS, pro-liks'-nes. n.s. Tediousness. A. Smith. PROLOCU TOR, pro\-\b-kh'-tur. 503. [pro-lok'- Violator of promises. Shakspeare. PRO'MISER, prom'-miz-ur. 98. n. s. One who promises. B. Jonson. PROMISSORY, prom'-mfs-sur-e. 512. a. [promis- sortus, Lat.] Containing profession of some benefit. Decay of Chr. Piety. Containing acknowledge- '729 PRO PRO \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ment of a promise to be performed, or engagement fulfilled : as, a promissory note. rRO'MISSORILY, pr6m'-mls-sur-e-le. ad. By way of promise. Brown. PRO MONT, pr6m'-munt. ) PROMONTORY, prom'-mfin-tfir-e. 557. \ n ' s ' [promontorium, Lat.] A headland 3 a cape 5 high land jutting into the sea. Abbot. To PROMOTE §, pro-mote', v. a. [promoveo, pro- motes, Lat.] To forward ; to advance. Milton. To elevate ; to exalt ; to prefer. Numb. xxii. PROMO'TER, pro-mote'-ur. n.s. [promoteur, Fr.] Advancer 3 forwarder ; encourager. Glanville. Informer ; makebate. Tusser. PROMOTION, pr6-mo-shu.n. n. s. [Fr.] Advance- ment: encouragement ; exaltation to some new honour or rank 3 preferment. Milton. To PROMO'VE, pr6-m56v'. v. a. [promoveo, Lat.] To forward 3 to advance 3 to promote. Suckling. PROiMPT§, promt. 412. a. [Fr. ; promptus, Lat.] Quick; ready 3 acute 5 easy. Clarendon. Quick j petulant. Dryden. Ready without hesitation 5 wanting no new motive. Prior. Ready 5 told down : as, prompt payment. Easy 3 unobstructed. Wotton. To PROMPT, promt, v. a. [prontare, Ital/j To as- sist by private instruction 3 to help at a joss. As- cliajn. To dictate. Pope. To incite ; to instigate. Shakspeare. To remind. Brown. PROMPTER, prom'-tur. 98. n. s. One who helps a publick speaker, by suggesting the word to him when he falters. Shakspeare. An admonisher ; a reminder. L 'Estrange. PROMPTITUDE, pr&m'-te-tude. n. s. [Fr. 5 vromptus, Lat.] Readiness ; quickness. Johnson. PRO'MPTLY, promt'-le. ad. Readily 3 quickly ; ex- peditiously. Bp. Taylor. PROMPTNESS, promt'-nes. n. s. Readiness ; quick- ness ; alacrity. South. PRO MPTUARY, prom'-tshu-a-re. n. s. [promptu- arium, Lat.] A storehouse 5 a repository 5 a maga- zine. Bp. King. PRO'MPTURE, prom'-lshure. 468. n. s. Sugges- tion 3 motion given by another 5 instigation. Shak. Ob. J. To PROMULGATED, pr6-mul'-gate. v. a. [pro- mulgo, Lat.] To publish 3 to make known by open declaration. Spenser. PROMULGATION, prom-al-ga'-shun. 530. n. s. [ promulgatio, Lat.] Publication 3 open exhibition. Hooker. PROMULGATOR, prom-fil-ga'-tur. 521. n.s. Pub- lisher ; open teacher. Decay of Christian Piety. To PROMU ; LGE$, pr6-mulje'. v. a. [promulgo, Lat.] To promulgate 5 to publish 3 to teach open- Iv. Atterbury. PROMU'LGER, pri-muF-jur. 98. n. s. Publisher 5 promulgator. Atterbury. PRONATION*, pro-na'-shun. n. s. [from prone.'] The position of the hand, in which the palm is turn- ed downward. Smith. PRONATOR, pro-na'-tur. n. s. A muscle of the radius that helps to turn the palm downwards. Diet. PRONE §, prone, a. [old Fr. 3 pronus, Lat.] Bend- ing downward ; not erect. Milton. Lying with the face downwards : contrary to supine. Brown. Precipitous; headlong; going downwards. Milton. Declivous; sloping. Blackmore. Inclined 3 pre- pense ; disposed. Hooker. PRO NENESS, pr6ne'-nes. n.s. The state of bend- ing downwards ; not erectness. Brown. The state oflying with the face downwards ; not supineness. Descent ; declivity. Inclination ; propension ; dis- position to ill. Hooker. PRONG, prong, n. s. [prion, Icel. 5 ppeon, Sax.] A fork. SaJidys. PRON1TY, pro'-ne-te. n. s. Proneness. More. Oh. J. PRONOMINAL*, p^-nom'-e-nal. a. [pronominalis, Lat.] Having the nature of a pronoun. Lowth. PRONOUN, pr6'-n6un. 313. n. s. [pronomen, Lat.] A word that is used instead of the proper name. Clarke. To PRONOUNCES, pr6-n6unse. 313. v. a. [pro- noncer, Fr. 3 pronuncio, Lat.] To speak 5 to utter Jer. xxxvi. To utter solemnly 3 to utter confident ly. Jer. xxxiv. To form or articulate by the or- gans of speech. Milton. To utter rhetorically. Tj PRONOUNCE, pr6-nSunse'. v. n. To speak with confidence or authority. Decay of Chr. Pieiu PRONOUNCE*, pro-notW. n. s. Declaration! Milton. Ob. T. PRONOUNCEABLE*, P r6-n6an'-sa-bl. a. [pro- noncable, Fr.] That may be pronounced. Cci- grave. PRONOUNCER, pro-nSun'-sur. 98. n. s. One who pronounces. Ayliffe. PRONUNCIATION, pr6-nun-she-a / -shfin. n. s. [pronunciatio, Lat.] The act or mode of utter- ance. Holder. That part of rhetorick which teaches to speak in publick with pleasing utterance aad graceful gesture. {£3= There are few words more frequently mispronounced than this. A mere English scholar, who considers the verb to •pronounce as the root of it, cannot easily con- ceive why the is thrown out of the second syllable; and, therefore, to correct the mistake, sounds the word as if written pronounciation. Those who are sufficient- ly learned to escape this errour, by understanding that the word comes to us either from the Latin pronuncia- tio, or the French prononciation, are very apt to fall into another, by sinking the first .aspiration, and pro- nouncing the third syllable like the noun sea. But these speakers ought to take notice, that, throughout the whole language, c,s, and I, preceded by the accent, either primary or secondary, and followed by ea, ia, io, or any similar diphthong, always become aspirated, and are pronounced as if written she. Thus the very same reasons that oblige us to pronounce partiality, propitia- tion, speciality, &c, as if written parsheality, propish- eashun,spesheality,&.c., oblige us to pronounce pronun- ciation as if written pronunsheashun. — See Principles, No. 357, 450, 461, and the word Ecclesiastics. But, though Mr. Sheridan avoids the vulgar errour of sink ing the aspiration, in my opinion he falls into one fully as exceptionable ; which is, that of pronouncing the word in four syllables, as if written pro-nun-sha-shun. I am grossly mistaken if correct speakers do not always pronounce this and similar words in the manner I havo marked them : and, indeed, Mr. Sheridan himself seems dubious with respect to some of them; for, though he pronounces glaciate, glaciation, association, Ate, gla- shate, gla-sha-shun, as-so-sha-shun, &c, yet he spells congldciate,conglaciation,a.r\c\ consociation, — con-gla- syate. con-gla-sya-shun, con-so-sya-shun. — See Princi- ples, No. 542, 543. W. PRONUNCIAT1VE*, pr6-nun'-she-a-uV. a. Utter- ing confidently ; dogmatical. Bacon. PROOF v, proof. 306. n.s. [ppop, Sax.] Evidence 5 testimony ; convincing token ; means of conviction. Hooker. Test ; trial ; experiment. Milton. Firm temper ; impenetrability. Shak. Armour hardened till it will abide a certain trial. Shak. [In print- ing.] The rough draught of a sheet when first pulled. PROOF, proof, a. Impenetrable 5 able to resist. Shakspeare. PROOFLESS, proof-les. a. Unproved 3 wanting evidence. Boyle. To PROP§, prop. v. a. [proppen, Dutch.] To sup- port by placing something under or against. Mil- ton. To support by standing under or against. Creech. To sustain ; to support. Pope. PROP, prop. n. s. [proppe, Dutch.] A support ; a stay ; that on which any thing rests. Shakspeare. FRO PAGABLE, prop'-a-ga-bl. a. Such as may be spread ; such as may be continued by succession. Bonk. To PROPAGATES, prop'-a-gale. 91. v. a. [propa- go, Lat.] To continue or spread by generation or successive production. 3Iiltcn. To extend ; to widen. Sliak. To carry on from place to place 5 to promote. Locke. To increase; to promote. Dmden. To generate. Richardson. To PROPAGATE, pi op'-a-gate. v.n. To have off- spring. Milton. 7 JU PRO PRO — 116, move, ndr, not ; — lube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pSund ; — thin, this. PROPAGATION, pr&p-a-ga'-shun. n.s. [propaga- tio, Lat.] Continuance or diffusion Dy generation or successive production. Hooker. Increase; ex tension ; enlargement. South. PROPAGATOR, prop'-a-ga-tur. 521. n. s. One who continues by successive production. A spread- er ; a promoter. Addison. To PROPER, pri-pel'. v. a. [propelb, Lat.] To drive forward. Harvey. To PROPE'ND §, pri-pend'. v. n. [propendo, Lat.] To incline to any part ; to be disposed in favour of any thing. Shakspeare. Inelina- , pro-pen'-den-se. n >f desire to any thing, [propendo, PROPENDEiNCY tion or tendency ol Lat. to weigh.'] Preconsideration ; attentive delib eration ; perpendency. Hale. FROPE'NSE, pr6-pense'. a. [propensus, Lat.] In- clined ; disposed. Hooker. PROPENSENESS*, pro-pgnse'-nes. n.s. Natural tendency. Donne. PROPE'NSION, pro-peV-shun. ) n. s. [propensio, PROPENSITY, pro-pen'-se-te. \ Lat.] Moral in- clination ; disposition to any thing, good or bad. South. Natural tendency. Digby. PROTER§,pr6p'-pur. 98. a. [propre,Fr.;proprms, Lat.] Peculiar ; not belonging to more ; not com- mon. Hooker. Noting an individual. Watts. One's own. Shak. Natural ; original. Milton. Fit ; accommodated ; adapted ; suitable ; qualifi- ed. Dryden. Exact; accurate ; just. Not figura- tive. Burnet. It seems in Shakspeare to signify mere; pure, [propre, Fr.] Elegant; pretty. Heb. xi. Tall ; lusty ; handsome with bulk ; well-made ; good-looking; personable. Shakspeare. 2 7 0PRO / PERATE$*,pr6p'-pur-ate. v. a. [propero, Lat.] To hasten. Cockeram. PROPERATION*, pr&p-pur-a'-shun. n.s. [prop- eratio, Lat.] The act of hastening; the act of mak- ing haste. Bailey. PROPERLY, pr6p'-pur-le. ad. Fitly; suitably; in a strict sense. Milton. PRORERNESS, prop'-pur-nes. n.s. The quality of being proper. Talness. PROPERTY, pr&p'-pfir-te. n. s. Peculiar quality. Hooker, Quality; disposition. South. Right of possession. Locke. Possession held in one's own right. Dry den. The thing possessed. Nearness or right. Shak. Some article required in a play for the actors ; something appropriate to the char- acter played. SJiak. — Property, for propriety. Any thing peculiarlv adapted. Camden. To PROPERTY, prop'-pur-te. v. a. To invest with qualities. Shak. To seize or retain as something owned ; to appropriate ; to hold. Shakspeare. PRO'PHASIS, prof-fa-sk n. s. [jrptyams.] [In medicine.] A foreknowledge of diseases. PRO'PHECY§, prof -fe-se. 499. n.s. [Trpo^na.] A declaration of something to come ; prediction. Shakspeare. PRORHESIER, pr&f-fe-sl-ur. n.s. One who proph- esies. Shakspeare. To PRO PHESY, prof -fe-sl. 499. v. a. To predict ; to foretell; to prognosticate. 1 Kings. To fore- show. Shakspeare. To PROTHESY, pr6f -fe-sl. v. n. To utter predic- tions. SlwJcspeare. To preach : a scriptural sense. Ezekiel. PROPHET §, prof-fet. 99. n.s. [prophete, Fr. ; Trpofa'i-nis, Gr.] One who tells future events ; a pre- dicter ; a foreteller. Shakspeare. One of the sa- cred writers empowered by God to display futurity. Shakspeare. PRORHETESS, prdf-fet-tes. n.s. [prophetesse, Fr.] A woman that foretells future events. Shak. PRO'PHETLIKE*, pr6f-fet-llke. a. Like a proph- et. Shakspeare. PROPHETICAL, pro-fef-te-kal. )a. \_prophel- PROPHETICK, pro-feV-t?k. 509. \ n^e, Fr.] Foreseeing or foretelling future events. Bacon. PROPHETICALLY, pr6-feV-te-kal-e. ad. With knowledge of futurity ; in manner of a prophecy. Hammond. To PROPHETIZE, prof-fet-tlze. v.n. [propliett ser, Fr.] To give predictions. Daniel. Ob. J. PROPHYLACTICAL*, profie-lak'-te-kal. ) PROPHYLA'CTICK, prof-e-lak' Uk. 530. \ a ' [7rpo^iiXaK-rtA,"df.] Preventive ; preservative. Fer rand. PROPHYLA'CTICK*, prof-e-lak'-tlk. n. s. A pre ventive ; a preservative. Sir W Fordyce. PROPINATION*, prop-e-nu'-shun. n. s. [propina- tio, Lat.] The act of delivering a cup, after having drunk part of its contents, to another person ; the act of pledging. Potter. To PROPFNE>, pi6-plne'. v. a. [propino, Lat.] To offer in kindness, as when we drink to anyone, and present the cup to him, to drink after us. Chancer. To expose. Foiherby. Ob. T. To PROPFNQUATE§*, pr6-ping'-kwate. v. n. [propinquo, Lat.] To approach ; to draw near to Cockeram. PROPINQUITY, pro-plng'-kwe-te. n. s. [provin- quitas, Lat.] Nearness ; proximity ; neighbour hood. Ray. Nearness of time. Brown. Kindred ; nearness of blood. Shakspeare. PROPITIABLE, pro-pish'-e-a-bl. a. Such as ma) be induced to favour; such as may be made pro- pitious. Cockeram. To PROPFTIATE §,pr6-p?sh'-e-ate. 542. v. a. [pro pitio, Lat.] To induce to favour; to gain; to con- ciliate ; to make propitious. Waller. To PROPFTIATE*, prd-plsh/-e-ate. v.n. To mak atonement. Young. PROPITIATION, prc-pish-e-a'-shun. n.s. [pro- pitiation, Fr.] The act of making propitious. The atonement ; the offering by which propitiousness La obtained. 1 John. PROPITIATOR, pro-plsh'-e-a-tur. 521. n. s. On* that propitiates. Sherwood. PROPITIATORY, pr6-p?sh / -e-a-t5r-e. a. [propici atoire, Fr.] Having the power to make propitious* Abp. Cranmer. PROPITIATORY*, pr6-p?sh'-e-a-lur-e. n. s. Th« mercy-seat ; the covering of the ark in the temple of the Jews. Pearson. PROPITIOUS, pr6-p?sh'-us. 292. a. [propitius, Lat.] Favourable ; kind. Spenser. PROPITIOUSLY, prd-plsh'-us-le.a«\ Favourably; kindlv- Roscommon. PROPITIOUSNESS, priVp'fch'-us-nes. n. s. Fa- vourableness ; kindness. Temple. PROTLASM, pr6'-plazm. n. s. Lrpd and 7rXacr//a.] Mould ; matrix. Woodward. PROPLA'STICE, prd-plas'-tis. n, s. [zpon\aaTiKTi.] The art of making moulds for casting. PROPOLIS*, pr&p'-d-lk n. s. [Lat.] A glutinous substance, with which bees close the holes and crannies of their hives. PROPONENT, pr6- P 6'-nent. 503. n.s. [proponens, Lat.] One that makes a proposal, or lays down a position. Dryden. PROPORTION §, pro-pc-r'-shun. n. s. [Fr.; propor- tio, Lat.] Comparative relation of one thing to an other ; notion resulting from comparing two ratios, and finding them similar. Raleigh. Settled rela- tion of comparative quantity ; equal degree. Locke. Harmonick degree. Milton. Symmetry; adapta- tion of one to another. Hooker. Form ; size. Davies. To PROPORTION, pr6-p6r'-shun. *, a. [propor- tionner, Fr.] To adjust by comparative relation. Milton, To form symmetrically. Sidney. PROPORTIONABLE, pr6-p6r'-shun-a-bl. a. Ad- justed by comparative relation; such as is fit. Til- lotson. PROPORTIONABLENESS* pro-pir'-shun-a-bl- nes. n. s. State or quality of being proportionable. Hammond. PROPORTIONALLY, pr6-p6r/-shun-a We. ad. Ac- cording to proportion; according to comparative relation. Wisdom, xiii. PROPORTIONAL, pro-pir'-shun-al. a. [propor tionnel, Fr.] Having a settled comparative relation *, having a certain degree of any quality compared with something else. Cocker. 731 FRO PRO [D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, m&j — pine, pm ; — PROPORTIONALITY, pr6- P 6r-sh&n-al / -e-te. n.s. The quality of being prooortional. Grew. PROPO RTIONALLY, pro-por'-shfin-al-lk ad. In a stated degree. Newton. PROPORTIONATE, pro-por'-shun-at. 91. a. Ad- justed to something else ; according to a certain rate or comparative relation. Grew. To PROPORTIONATE, pri-por'-shun-ate. 91. ?\ a. To adjust according to settled rates to some- thing else. More. PROPORTIONATELY*, pro-pir'-shun-at-le. ad. In a manner adjusted to something else, according to a certain rate or comparative relation. Pearson. PROPO'RTIONATENESS, pro-por'-shun-at-nes. n. s. The state of being by comparison adjusted. Hale. PROPORTIONLESS* prd-por'-shun-les. a. Want- ing proportion or symmetry. Comment on Chaucer. PROPOSAL, pro-po'-zal. 88. n. s. Scheme or de- sign propounded to consideration or acceptance. Milton. Offer to the mind. South. To PROPOSER pro-pize'. v. a. [proposer, Fr. 5 propono, Lat.] To offer to the consideration. Mil- ton. To PROPOSE, pr6-p6ze ; . v. n. [propos, Fr.] To converse. Sliakspeare. PROPO'SE* pr6-poze'. n.s. Talk; discourse. Shak. Ob.T. PROPOSER, pr6-p6 / -zur. 98. n. s. One that offers any thing to consideration. Locke. PROPOSITION, pr6p-6-z?sh'-un. n.s. [Fr.; pro- positi, LatJ One of the three parts of a regular argument. White. A sentence in which any thing is affirmed or decreed. Hammond. Proposal ; of- fer of terms. Clarendon. PROPOSITIONS L, prdp-i-zish'-un-al. a. Consid- ered as a proposition. Watts. To PROPOU'ND^, pr6-p6und'. 313. v. a. [propono, Lat.] To offer to consideration; to propose. Dan- iel. To offer; to exhibit. Shakspeare. PROPOU'NDER, pro-pdund'-ur. n.s. He that pro- pounds; he that offers; proposer. Bp. Bancroft. PROPRIETARY, pro-prl'-e-tar-e. n. s. [proprie- taire, Fr.] Possessor in his own right. Bp. Hall. PROPRIETARY, pro-prl'-e-tar-e. a. Belonging to a certain owner. Grew. PROPRIETOR, pro-prl'-e-tur. 98. n. s. [proprms, Lat.] A possessor in his own right. Locke. PROPRIETRESS, pro-pri'-e-tr&s. n. s. A female possessor in her own right ; a misiress.L' Esh-anoe. PROPRIETY §, prc-prl^-te. n. s. [propriete, Fr. ; proprietor, Lat.] Peculiarity of possession ; exclu- sive right. Bp.'Hall. Accuracy ; justness. Locke. Proper state. Shakspeare. P ROPT, for propped, propt. 359. Sustained by some prop. Pope. To PROPU'GN §, pr6-pune'. 385. v. a. [propugno, Lat.] To defend ; to vindicate ; to contend for. Hammond. 53 s " This word and its compounds are exactly under the same predicament as impugn ; which see. W. PRQPU'GNACLE*, pri-pug'-im-kl. n. s. [propug- naculum. LatJ A fortress. Howell. Ob. T. PROPUGNATION, pri-pfig-na'-shun. 530. n. s. [propiiz:natio,I J a\.~] Defence. Shakspeare. PROPUGNER, pv6-pu'-nur. 386. n. s. A defender. Government of the Tongue. PROPULSATION*, prd-pul-sa'-shun. n. s. [pro- pulsatio, Lat.] The act of repelling or driving away; the act of keeping at a distance. Bp. Hall. To PROPU'LSE $*, pro-pulse 7 , v. a. [propulso, Lat.] To keep off; to drive away ; to repel. Cotgrave. Ob.T. F PROPULSION, pro-pul'-shun. n. s. [propulsus, Lat.] The act of driving forward. Bacon. PRORE, prore. n.s. [prora, Lat.] The prow; the forepart of a ship. Pope. PROROGATION, pro-ri-ga'-shun. n. s. [proro- gatio, Lat.] Continuance ; state of lengthening out to a distant time ; prolongation. South. Interrup- tion of the session of parliament by the regal au- thority. Swift. To PROROGUE, pro-rig'. 337. ». a. [proroga, Lat.] To protract; to prolong. Burton. T© put off; to delay. S-us. a. Protuberant. Smith. Ob. T. PROUD§, prSud. 313. a. [ppube, or ppufc, Sax.] Too much pleased with himself. Waits. Elated ; valuing himself. Whole Duly of Man. Arrogant; haughty; impatient. Eccles. vii. Daring; pre- sumptuous. Job, xxvi. Lofty of mien ; grand of person. Milton. Grand; lofty; splendid ; mag- nificent. Bacon. Ostentatious ; specious ; grand. Shak. Salacious ; eager for the male. Brown. [ppybe, Sax.] Fungous ; exuberant : as, " This eminence is composed of little points ca\led fungus, or proud flesh." Sharp. PROUDLY, pr6ud'-le. ad. Arrogantly; ostenta- tiously ; in a proud manner. 1 Sam. ii. With lofti- ness of mien. Milton. PRO'VABLE, proov'-a-bl. a. That may be proved. Chaucer. PRO'VABLY*, pr3ov'-a-ble. ad. In a manner ca- pable of proof. Huloet. PRO'VAND*, pr&V-and. n. s. Provender; provision. To PROVE §, prodv. 164. v. a. [prover, old Fr. ; proho, Lat.] To evince; to show by argument or testimony. Milton. To try ; to bring to the test. I Thess. v. To experience. Milton. To endure ; to try by suffering or encountering. Shak. To pub- lish, according to the law of testaments, before the proper officer. Spelman. To PROVE, pr65\\ v. n. To make trial. Bacon. To be found by experience. Bacon. To succeed. Ba- con. To be found in the event. Milton. PRO'VEA BLE, proov'-a-bl. See Provable. PROVE'DITOR, pr6-ved'-e-t&r. ) n. s. [proveditore, PROVEDO'RE, pro v-ve -dire/. $ Ital.] One who undertakes to procure supplies or provisions. Bp. Taylor. PROVE'NCIAL*, pr6-ven'-shal. a. [Provencal, Fr.] Of, or belonging to. Provence in France. Percy. PPtO'VENDER, prs. n. s. [the old name for Prussia ] Prussian leather. Dryden. PRUDE §, prood. 339. n.s. [prude, Fr. ; pnube, Sax.] A woman over-nice and scrupulous, and with false affectation. Taller. PRU'DENCE, proo'-dense. 339. n. s. [prudence, Fr. ; prudeniia, Lat.] Wisdom applied to practice. Hate. PRU'DENT §, proo'-dent. a. [prudent, Fr. ; prudens, Lat.] Practically wise. Prov. xiv. Foreseeing by natural instinct. Milton. PRUDE'NTIAL, pr66-den'-shal. a. Eligible on principles of prudence. Soutli. PRUDENTIALS, pro6-den'-shalz. »., s. Maxims of prudence or practical wisdom. Watts. PRUDENTIA'LITY, proo-den-she-al'-e-te. n. .9. Eligibility on principles of prudence. Brown. PRUDE'NTIALLY, pr66-den'-shal-e. ad. Accord- ing to the rules of prudence. South. PRUDENTLY, proo'-dent-le. ad. Discreetly ; ju- diciously. Bacon. PRU DERY, prood'-er-e. n. s. Overmuch nicety in conduct. Toiler. PRU'DISH, prSod'-fsh. a. Affectedly grave. Gar- rick. To PRUNE §, prSSn. 339. v. a. [provigner, or prou- igner, Fr.] To lop ; to divest trees of their super- fluities. Davies. To clear from excrescences ; to trim. Bacon. To PRUNE, prOOn v. n. To dress ; to prink : a ludicrous word. Dryden. PRUNE, pr66n. 176. n. s. [prune, pruneau, Fr. ; prunum, Lat.] A dried plum. Bacon. PRU'NEL, pr66'-n6l. n. s. [prunella, Lat.] An herb. Ainsworth. PRUNE'LLO, prao-neV-to. n. s. A kind of stuff of which the clergymen's gowns are made. Pope. [prunelle, Fr.] A kind ol plum. Ainsworth. PRU'NER, proon'-ur. 98. n. s. One that crops trees Denham. PRUNITEROUS,pr53-nff-fer-us.a. [prunum and fero, Lat.] Plumbearing. PRU'NINGHOOK, prdon^ng-hSSk. ) n. s. A hook PRUNINGKNIFE, proOn'-fng-uife. $ or knife used in lopping trees. Dryden. PRU'RIENCE$, prOO'-re-ense. ) n. s. [prurio, PRURIENCY §, prSo'-re-en-se. ) Lat.] An itch ing or a great desire or appetite to any thing Burke. PRU'RIENT, prOO'-re-ent. a. [pruriens, Lat.] Itch ing. Warton. PRURFGINOUS, pr55-rld'-j?n-us. a. [pnirigo, Lat.] Tending to an itch. Greenhill. PRURI'GO*,pvb6-iV-g6. n.s. [Lat.] Itch. Greg- on/. TbPRY§, prl. v.n. [of unknown derivation.] To peep narrowly ; to inspect officiously, curiously, or impertinently. Shakspeare. PRY*, prl. n.s. Impertinent peeping. Smart. PRYINGLY*, prl'-mg-le. ad. With impertinent cu riosity. Bibliolh. Bibl. PSALM §,_slm. 78, 403, 412._rc. s. [p]-alm, Sax. ; d'a'Xuos, Gr.] A holy song. Hooker. NSA'LMIST, saF-mlst. " PSA'LMIST, sal'-mlst. 78,403.». s. [psalmiste, Fr.3 Writer of holy songs. Addison. PSALMODICAL* sal-mod'-e-kal. )a. Relating- to PSA'LMODICK*, saF-m6-dik. $ psalmody. Warton. PSA'LMODIST*, sal'-m6-d!st. n. s. One who sings holy songs. Hammond. PSALMODY, sal'-m6-de. 403. n.s. UaXuadia.l 735 ' PUB PUE O 3 559.— Fat*, far, fall, fat ;-me, met ;— pine, pfn The act or practice of singing- holy songs. Ham- mond. PS ALMO'GRAPHER* sal-m6g'-gra-fur. n.s. tyaA- uds and ypa<£w.] A writer of psalms. Loe. PSALMOGRAPHY, sal-m&g'-gra-fe. 518. n. s. The act of writing psalms. PSA'LTER, sawl'-tar. 412. n. s. [pralceji, Sax. ; psauiier, Fr. ; \p n.s. [from puck, the fairy.] PU'CKFIST*, puk'-ffst. $ A kind of mushroom full of dust. B.Jonson. roPU'CKERS, puk'-kur. 98. v. a. [poke, saccus.] To gather into corrugations ; to contract into folds or plications. Junius. PUCKER*, puk'-kur. n.s. Any thing gathered into a fold or plication. PU'DDER§, p&d'-d&r. 98. n. s. [fudur, lcelandick.] A tumuli; a turbulent and irregular bustle. Beau- mont and Fletcher. To PUDDER, pud'-dfir. v. n. [from the noun.] To make a tumult ; to make a bustle ; to rake. Locke. To PU'DDER, pud'-dor. v. a. To perplex; to dis- turb ; to confound. Locke. PU'DDING $, pud'-ding. 174, 410. n.s. [boudin Fr. ; puding, Swed.] A kind of food very various- ly compounded, butgenerally made of meal, milk, and eggs. Prior. The gut of an animal. Shak. A bowel stuffed with certain mixtures of meal and other ingredients. A proverbial name for victuals. Prior. PUDDING-GROSS, pud'-dfng-gr6se. n. s. A plant. PUDDFNG-PIE, pud'-dlng-pl. n.s. A pudding with meat baked in it. Hudibras. PUDDING-SLEEVE*, pud'-dmg-sleev. n. s. The sleeve of the present full-dress, clerical gown*. Swift. PU DDING-TIME, pud'-dlng-tlme. n. s. The time of dinner ; the time at which pudding, anciently the first dish, is set upon the table. Nick of time ; critical minute. Hudibras. PUDDLE^, pud'-dl. 405. n. s. [puteolus, Lat.;pirf, Welsh.] A small, muddy lake ; a dirty plash. Bp Hall. To PUDDLE, pud'-dl. v. a. To muddy; to foul or pollute with dirt ; to mix dirt and water. Sidney. To PU'DDLE*, pud'-dl. v. n. To make a dirty s'tir. Junius. PU'DDLY, pud'-dl-e. a. Muddy ; dirty ; miry. Co- rew. PU'DDOCK, pud'-dok. ) n. s. [for paddock or par- PU'RROCK, piV-rok. $ rock.] A provincial word for a small enclosure. Vict. PU'DENCY, piV-den-se. n. s. [pudens, Lat.] Mod esty; shamefaceduess. Shakspeare. PUDFCITY, pii-dls'-se-te. n. s. [pudicUe, Fr. ; pu- dicitia, Lat.] Modesty ; chastity. Howell. PUF/FELLOW. See Pewfellow. PU'ERILE $, piV-e-rll. 145. a. [puerilis^aX.] Child ish ; boyish. Pope. PUERPLITY, pu-e-r?l'-e-te. n. s. [pueriliti, Fr. ; puerilitas, Lat.]' Childishness ; boyishness. Brown. PUE'RPERAL*, pu-er'-pe-ral. a. [puer and pario t PUI PUL -n6, moVe, nfir, n&t;— tube, tfib, bfill ;— 61] ;— pMnd ;— thm, this. [pof,bof, Teut.l A quick blast Ja&, xi. A small blast of wind. Lat.] Relating to child-birth : as, the puerperal fe- ver. Formerly puerperial. Beaumont. PUET, pA'-It. 99. n. s. A kind of water-fowl. See Pewet. Walton. PUFF $, pfif. n.i with the mouth Raleigh. A fungous ball filled with dust. Any thing light and porous; as, puff-paste. Toiler. Something to sprinkle powder on the hair. Ains- worth. A tumid and exaggerated statement or recommendation. Cibber. To PUFF, pfif. v.n. [boffen, Dut.] To swell the cheeks with wind. To blow with a quick blast. Shak. To blow with scornfulness. Ps. x. To breathe thick and hard. Sha/c. To do or move with hurry, tumour, or tumultuous agitation. SliaJc. To swell with the wind or air. Boyle. To PUFF, pfif. v. a. To inflate or make swell as with wind. Shale. To drive or agitate with blasts of wind. Shak. To drive with a blast of breath scorn- fully. Dry den. To swell or blow up with praise. Bacon. To swell or elate with pride. Tusser. PUFFER, pfif-ffir. 98. n. s. One that puffs PUFFIN, pfif'-fm. n.s. [puffi.no, Ital.] A water- fowl. Carew. A kind of fish. A kind of fungus A sort of ap- filled with dust. PUTFINAPPLE, pfif-fln-ap-pl. n pie. Ainswortk. PU'FFINESS*, pfif-fe-nes. n. s. State or quality of being turgid. A. Hill. PU'FFlNGLY, puf-ffng-le. 410. ad. Tumidly ; with swell. Sherwood. With shortness of breath. PUFFY, pfif -fe. 183. a. Windy; flatulent. Wise- man. Tumid; turgid. Marston. PUG, pfig. n.s. [piga, Sax.] A kind name of a mon- key, or any thing tenderly loved. Addison. PU / GGERED,pfig / -gfird. a. [perhaps for puckered.] Crowded \; complicated. More. PUGH, p65h. interj. [corrupted from puff, or borrow- ed from the sound.] A word of contempt. PU'GIL, pft'-jll. n.s. [pugille, Fr.] What is taken up between the thumb and two first fingers. Bacon. PU'GILISM*, pu'-jn-Izm. n. s. [pugil, Lat.] Prac- tice of boxing, or fighting with the fist. PU'GILIST*. piV-jll-fst. n. s. A fighter ; a boxer. PUGNACIOUS §, pfig-na'-shfis. 387. a. [pugnax, Lat.] Inclinable to fight; quarrelsome; fighting. More. PUGNA'CITY, pfig-nas'-se-te. n.s. Quarrelsome- ness ; inclination to fight. Bacon. PUISNE, prV-ne. 458. a. [puis nl, Fr. It is com- monly spoken and written puny.] Young ; young- er ; later in time. Hale. Inferiour ; lower in rank. Bacon. Petty ; inconsiderable ; small. Shak. PUI'SSANCE, pfi'-is-sanse, or pfi-ls'-sanse. n. s. [Fr.] Power; strength; force. Spenser. 9^p= The best way to judge of the pronunciation of this and the following word will be to show tbe authorities for each : and, as the negative of these words, impuis- sance, is governed by its positive, it may not be improp- er to join it tc the list. " Dr. Jobnson, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Perry, Pen- ning, Barclay, Bailey, Buchanan, and Entick. Mr. Sheridan. [Jones, Fulton and Knight.] Dr. Johnson, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Perry, Buchanan, relay, Bailey, Fen- Puis'sance, Ptiis'sant ( jvnigni.j ( Dr. Johnson, Dr. K ) Mr. Scott, Mr. P ' } W. Johnston, Bare ' ning, and Entick. Pu'issant, Impuis'sance, Impu 1 [Jones, Fulton and Mr. Sheridan Knight.] Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Barclay, Baiiey, and Fenning. Mr. Sheridan. [Jones, Fulton and Knight.] Nothing can be more decisive than the authorities for the penultimate accent on these words ;and this induced me to alter my former accentuation on the first syllable ; but maturer consideration has convinced me, that this is most conformable to the best as well as the most ancient usage: that double consonants in the middle do not al- ways attract the accent, see Principles, No. 503, (b.) *his word, Dr. Johnson says, seems to have been pro- nounced with only two syllables. " It was undeniably so," says Mr. Mason, " in Shakspeare and subsequent writers :" but if Johnson had taken the pains of looking into Spenser's Fairy Queen, he might have found, very near the beginning of the first canto, that the word was a trisyllable: " And ever as he rode his heart did earne " To prove his puissance in battle brave " Upon his foe." I am more and more convinced that the true pronuncia- tion of this word is in three syllables, with the accent on the first. Thus in the first chorus of Shakspeare's Henry the Fifth : " Into a thousand parts divide one man, " And make imaginary puissance.^ And again in the third chorus: " And leave your England as dead midnight still, " Guarded with grandsires, babies, and old women, " Or past, or not arriv'd at, pith and puissance.'''' TV. PUFSSANT §, pvY-is-sant. a. [Fr.] Powerful ; strong ; forcible. Shakspeare. PU1 SSANTLY, pu'-fs-sant-le. ad. Powerfully; for- cibly. PUKEy, puke. n.s. [of uncertain derivation.] Vomit. Medicine causing vomit. To PUKE, puke. v. n. To spew ; to vomit. SJiak. PUKE*, puke. a. Of a colour between black and russet. Shakspeare. PUKER, pu'-kfir. 98. n. s. Medicine causing a vomit. Garth. PU'LCHRITUDE, pfil'-kre-tude. n. s. [pulchritudo, Lat.] Beauty ; grace ; handsomeness. Chaucer. To PULEy, pule. v. n. [picmler, Fr.] To cry like a chicken. Cotgrave. To whine ; to cry ; to whim- per. Shakspeare. PU'LICK, pAMfk. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. PU'LICOSE, P u-le-k6se'. 427. [See Tumulose.] a. [pulicosus, Lat.] Abounding with fleas. Diet. PULING*, pu'-llng. n. s. The cry as of a chicken ; a kind of whine. Bacon. PU'LINGLY*, ptV-lmg-le. ad. With whining; with, complaint. Beaumont and Fletcher. PU'LIOL, pfiMe-61. n. s. An herb. To PULLy, pul. 173. v. a. [pulhan, Sax.] To draw violently towards one : opposed to push, which is to drive from one. Hooker. To draw forcibly. Hay- ward. To pluck ; to gather. Dryden. To tear ; to rend. Lam. iii. — To pull down. To subvert ; to demolish. Bacon. To degrade. Roscommon. To pull up. To extirpate ; to eradicate. Locke. PULL, pul. n. s. The act of pulling. Swift. Con- test; struggle. Carew. Pluck; violence suffered. Shakspeare. PULLBACK*, pfil'-bak. n. s That which keeps back ; a restraint. Brown. PU'LLEN^pfil'-len. n.s. [pulain, old Fr.] Poultry. Beaumont and Fletcher. PU'LLER, pfll'-lfir. 98. n. s. One that pulls. Shak. That which draws forcibly; an inciter. Junius. PULLET, pfil'-lit. 174. n. s. [poulet, Fr.] A young hen. Brown. PU'LLEY, pfiF-le. 174. n. s. [poulti, Fr.] A small wheel turning on a pivot, with a furrow on its out- side in Avhich a rope runs. Swift. To PULLULATE ^pfil'-lfi-late. 177. v.n. [pullulo, Lat. ; pulluler, Fr.] To germinate ; to bud. Gran- ger. PULLULA'TION* pfil-lfi-la'-shfin. n.s. The act of budding or growing. More. PULMONARY §, pfil'-m6-nar-e. 177. a. [pidnw, Lat.] Belonging to the lungs. Blackmore. PULMONARY, pfil'-mfi-nar-e. n. s. [pulmonaria, Lat.] The herb lungwort. Ainsworth. PULMO'NICK, pfil-mon'-nfe. 508. a. [pulmo, Lat.] Belonging to the lungs. Harvey. PULMO'NICK* pfil-mon'-nik. n.s. One affected with a disorder of the lungs. Arbuthnot. PULPy, pfilp. n. s. [pulpa, Lat. ; p>dpe, Fr.J Any soft mass. Bacon. The soft part of fruit. Milton. 9^= All our orthoepists, exeent Mr. Elphinston, ffive fho u in this word the same sound as in dull, and not as ui pull, as he has done. W. 737 PUM PUN B? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n PU'LPIT, pul'-pit. 174. n.s. [pulpitum, Lat.] A place raised on high, where a speaker stands. Shakspeare. The higher desk in the church, where the sermon is pronounced. Dry den. $£r Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Nares, Dr. Kenrick, and W. Johnston, pronounce the u in this word as I have done. Mr. Perry, alone, gives it the sound of u in dull. PU'LPOUS, pulp'-fis. a. [poxdpeux, Fr.] Soft ; pap- py. Phillips. PU'LPOUSNESS, pulp'-fis-nes. n.s. The quality of being pulpous. PU'LPY, poip'-e. a. Soft : pappy. Ray. PU'LSATILE* pfil'-sa-tll. a. [pulsalilis, 1*1.] That may be struck or beaten : as, a pulsatile instru- ment, that is, a drum, labour, psaltery. Mas. Diet. PULSA'TION, pul-sa'-shun. n. s. [puhatio, Lat.] The act of beating or moving with quick strokes against any thing opoosing. Brown. PULSA'TOR, pul-saZ-tur. n. s. A striker ; a beater. PULSATORY*, pul'-sa-tfir-e. a. Beating like the pulse. Wofton. PLLSE§, pulse, n.s. [pulsus, Lat.] The motion of an artery as the blood is driven through it by the heart, and as it is perceived by the touch. Quincy. Oscillation ; vibration ; alternate expansion and contraction. Newton. — To feel one 's pulse. To try or know one's mind artfully. — [from pull.'] Legu- minous plants ; plants not reaped, but pulled or plucked. Milton. To PULSE, pulse, v. n. To beat as the pulse. Ray. To PULSE* pulse, v. a. To drive, as the pulse is driven. Smith. PULSIFICK*, pfil-sff-lk. a. [pulsus and facio, Lat.] Moving or exciting the pulse. Smith. PU'LSION, pul'-shun. n.s. [pulsus, Lat.] The act of driving or of forcing forward: in opposition to suction or traction. More. PU'LTISE*, pul'-tfs. n. s. [puUis, Lat.] A poultice. BurtoJi. PU'LVERABLE, pul'-ver-a-bl. a. [pulveris, Lat.] Possible to be reduced to dust. Boyle. To BU'LVERATE*, pul'-ver-ate. v. a. To beat in- to powder. Cockeram. PULVERIZATION, pul-yer-e-za'-shun. n. g. The act of powdering ; reduction to dust or powder. To PULVERIZE §, pul'-ver-Ize. v. a. [pulveris, Lat. ; pulveriser, Fr.] To reduce to powder 3 to reduce to dust. Boyle. PUL VE'RULENCE, pul-vey-u-lense. n. s. [pulver- ulentia, Lat.] Dustiness ; abundance of dust. PU'LVIL, pul'-vil. n. s. [pulvillum, Lat.] Sweet- scented powder. Gay. To PU'LVIL, pul'-vjl. v. a. To sprinkle with per- To elicit j to fumes in powder. Congreve. U'MICE, p&'-mfe, or pfim'-mis. n. PU'MICE, pu'-m'fs, or pfim'-mfs. n.s. [pumex.pu- micis, Lat. ; pumicftan, Sax.] A slag or cinder of some fossil, originally bearing another form, re- duced to this state by fire : it is a lax and spongy matter full of little pores and cavities : of a pale, whitish-gray colour, and found particularly about the burning mountains. Hill. $£f This word ought to be pronounced peiomis. In no- thing is our language more regular than in preserving the u open, when the accent is on it, and followed by a single consonant; and, therefore, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Buchanan, who give it this sound, ought, rather to be followed than Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Perry, and Enlick, who adopt the short u. See Luculent. W. PU'MMEL, piW-mll. 99. n.s. See Pommel. PUMP §, pump. n. s. [pompe, Dutch and Fr.] An en- gine by which water is drawn up from wells : its operation is performed by the pressure of the air. Mortimer. A shoe with a thin sole and low heel. Shakspeare. To PUMP, pump. v.n. [pompen, Dutch.] To work a pump ; to throw out water by a pump. Decay of Christian Piety. To 1- J^ '* pump. v. a. To raise or throw out as by means ov a pump. Blackmore. To examine art- fully by s. v interrogatories, so as to draw out any secrets or concealments. Hudibras. draw out, by any means. Goodman PUMPER, pfimp'-fir. 98. n.s. The person or the ir- strument that pumps. Boyle. PU'MPION, pump'-yun. 113. n.s. [pompon, Fr.] A plant. Miller. PU'MPKIN* n.s. The pumpion : a corrupted word. PUN $, pun. n. s. [uncertain derivation.] An equivo- cation ; a quibble ; an expression where a word has at once different meanings ; a conceit arising from the use of two words, that agree in the sound, but differ in the sense. Addison. To PUN, pun. v. n. To quibble j to use the same word at once in different senses. Dry den. To PUN*, pun. v.a. To persuade by a pun. Addi- son. To PUNCH §, punsh. v.a. [poinconner, Fr.; pin- gar, pungir, Span, from the Latin pungere.] To bore or perforate by driving a sharp instrument Shakspeare. To push or strike with the fist. PUNCH, punsh. n. s. A pointed instrument, which, driven by a blow, perforates bodies. Moxon. A blow; a vulgar expression. A liquor made by mixing spirit with water, sugar, and the juice of lemons, and formerly with spice, [punch, an Indian word, expressing a number of ingredients.] Arbuth not. [polichinello, Ital.] The buffoon or harlequin of the puppet-show. Gay. A horse well set and wel. knit, having a short back and thin shoulders, with ? broad neck, andwelllined with flesh. Farrier's Did. In contempt or ridicule, a short, fat fellow. PUNCH*, punsh. I «,-■ t a . * , ''. PUNCHY*, pfinsh'-e. \ a - fehort 5 fhick 3 fat - PUNCH-BOWL*, pdnsh'-bdle. n. s. A bowl to hold punch. Addison. PUNCHEON, punsh'-un. 359. n.s. [poinqon, Fr. An instrument driven so as to make a hole or im - pression. Camden. A measure of liquids. PUNCHER, pfinsh'-fir. 98. n.s. An instrument that makes an impression or hole. Grew. PUNCHINELLO*, punsh-e-nef -16. n. s. [polichi- nello, Ital.] A sort of buffoon ; a punch. Taller. PUNCTATED* pfink'-ta-teU a. [punctatus, Lat.] Drawn into a point. PUNCTILIO §, punk-tfl'-y6. 113. n. s. [puntiglio Ital. ; from pimctum, Lat.] A small nicety of beha- viour; a nice point of exactness. South. PUNCTILIOUS, pfink-tn'-yus. a. Nice; exact punctual to superstition. Rogers. PUNCTILIOUSLY*, punk-tfr-yus-le. ad. With great nicety or exactness. Johnson. PUNCTILIOUSNESS, punk-tlF-yus-n&s. n. s. Nicety ; exactness of behaviour. PUNCTION*, ptingk'-shun. n. s. [punctio, Lat.] A puncture. PUNCTO, pungk'-lo. 408. n.s. [punto, Span.] Nice point of ceremony. Bacon. The point in fencing. Shakspeare. PUNCTUAL §, pungk'-tshu-al. 461. a. [punctuel, Fr.] Comprised in a point ; consisting in a point Milton. Exact ; nice ; punctilious. Bacon. PUNCTUALIST*, pungk'-tshu-al-?st. n. s. One who is very exact or ceremonious. MiUon. PUNCTUALITY, pungk-tshii-aF-e-te. n.s. Nicety; scrupulous exactness. Howell. PUNCTUALLY, pfingk'-tshu-al-e. ad. Nicely ; ex- actly; scrupulously. Raleigh. PUNCTUALNESS, pungk'-tshu-al-nes. n.s. Ex actness ; nicely. Felton. To PUNCTUATE*, pvmgk'-tshu-ate. v. tuer, Fr.] To distinguish by pointing. PUNCTUA'TION, pungk-tshu-a'-shun. The act or method of pointing. Addison To PUNCTULATE, pungk'-tshu-late. v.n. [punc- tulum, Lat.] To mark with small spots. Woodwara. PU'NCTURE, pungk'-tshure. 461. n. s. [punctus, Lat.] A small prick; a hole made with a very sharp point. Brown. To PUNCTURE*, pungk'-tshure. v. a. To prick ; to pierce with a small hole. BUNDLE, pun'-dl. n. s. A short and fat woman Ainsivorth. 738 a. [puno n.s. [Fr/] PUP PUR — n6, m5ve, n6r. not ; — tube, tub, bull ;— 6)1 ; — pound 5 — thin, THis. FUNGAR, pfing'-gar. n. s. A crab-fish. PUNGENCY, ptW-jen-se. n. s. Power of pricking'. Arbidhnot. Heat on the tongue ; acridness. Pow- er pierce the mind. Hammond. Acrimonious- ness; keenness,. Stilling fleet. PUNGENT §, pun'-jent. a. [pungens, Lat.] Prick- ing. Pope. Sharp on the tongue 3 acrid. Newton. Piercing; sharp. Bp. Taylor. Acrimonious 5 bit- ing. Fell. PU NICE, pu'-nis. n. s. A wall-louse ; a bug. Hudi- bras. PUNPCEOUS, pu-nislv'-us. 357. a. [pimiceus, Lat.] Purple. Diet. PUNINESS, pu'-ne-nSs. n. s. Pettiness 5 smallness. To PUNISH ^p&n'-nlsh. 176. v.a. [pu?iio,Lal.] To chastise ; to afflict with penalties or death for some crime. Lew xxvi. To revenge a fault with pain or death. Job, xxxi. PUNISHABLE, pun'-nlsh-a-bl. a. [punissabk, Fr.] Worthy of punishment; capable of punishment. Hooker. PUNISHABLENESS, pun'-nlsh-a-bl-nes. n. s. The quality of deserving or admitting punishment. PUNISHER, pun'-nish-ur. 98. n.s. One who inflicts pains for a crime. Milton. PUNISHMENT, pun'-nlsh-ment.ra. s. [punissement, Fr.] Any infliction or pain imposed in vengeance of a crime. Spenser. PUNTTION, pu-n?sh'-un. n.s. [Fr. ; punitio, Lat.] Punishment. Mirror for Magistrates. PUNITIVE, pu'-ne-dv. a. [punio, Lat.] Awarding or inflicting punishment. Hammond. PUNITORY, pu'-ne-tur-e. 512. a. Punishing 3 tend- ing to punishment. PUNK, pflngk. n. s. A whore ; a common prosti- tute 3 a strumpet. Sliakspeare. PUNSTER, pfin'-stur. n. s. [from p/rc.J A quibbler 3 a low wit who endeavours at reputation by double meaning. Arbuthnot. PUNT §*, punt. n.s. [punt, Sax.] A flat-bottomed boat. To PUNT, punt. v. n. To play at basset and ombre. Addison. PUNY §, pu'-ne. a. [puis ne, Fr.] Young. Inferiour; petty 3 of an under rale. SliaJcspeare. PUNY, pu'-ne. n. s. A young, unexperienced, un- seasoned person. Bp. Hall. To PUP, pup. v. n. To bring forth whelps : used of a bitch bringing young. P LP PA*, pu ; -pa. n. s. [Lat.] In natural history, the chrysalis. Paley. PUPIL §, pu'-pil. n.s. [pupilla, Lat.] The apple of the eye. Bacon, [pupile, Fr. ; pupillis, Lat.] A scholar 5 one under the care of a tutor. Raleigh. A ward 3 one under the care of a guardian. Dry- den. PU'PILAGE, pu'-pil-adje. 90. n. s. State of being a scholar. Fell. Wardship 3 minority. Spenser. PUPILARLTY, pu-pll-ar'-e-te. n. s. [pupilarite, Fr.] Nonage ; state of a pupil. Cotgrave. PUPILARY, pu'-pll-ar-e. 512. a. /Pertaining to a pupil or ward. Cotgrave. £5= For the accer>t of this word, see Papillary. W. PU'PPET§, pup -It. 99. n. s. [pouph, Fr.] A small image moved by wire in a mock drama ; a wooden tragedian. Sidney. A word of contempt. Shak. fyCf This word was formerly often pronounced as if writ- ten poppit ; but this pronunciation is now confined to the lowest vulgar. W. PURPETMAN. pup'-pft-man. ) n. s. Mas- PUPPETMASTER* pup'-pft-ma-stur. \ ter of a puppet-show. B. Jonson. PURPETPL AYER* p&p'-plt-pla-ftr. n. s. One who manages the motions of puppets. Hales. FURPETRY*, pdp'-plt-r*. n. s. Affectation. Mars- ton. PUTPETSHOW, pup'-p?t-sh6. n. s. A mock drama performed by wooden images moved by wire. Swift. PU''PPY§, pup'-pe. n.s. [poupee, Fr.] A whelp; progeny of a bitch. Sliak. A name olcontemptu- < us reproach to a man. Sliakspeare. To PURPY, pfip'-pe. v. n. To bring whelps. PUPPYISM*, pup'-pe-izm. n. s. Extreme affecta- tion. PUR $*, pur. n. s. [perhaps from the sound.] A gen- tle noise made by a cat. Sliakspeare. To PUR , pur. v. n. Tc murmur as a cat or leopard in pleasure. Gay. To PUR*, pur. v. a. To signify by purring. Gray. PURBLIND §, piV-bllnd. a. [corrupted from pore- blind. See Poreelind.] Near sighted; short- sighted ; dim-sighted. Sliakspeare. PURBLINDNESS, pur'-bttnd-nes. n. s. Shortness of sight. Cotgrave. PURCHASABLE, pur'-tshas-a-bl. a. That may be purchased, bought, or obtained. Locke. To PURCHASE, pur'-tshas. v. a. [purcJmser, old Fr.] To acquire, not inherit. Shak. To buy for a price. Gen. xxv. To obtain at any expense, as of labour or danger. Milton. To expiate or recom- pense by a fine or forfeit. Sliakspeare. PURCHASE §, pur'-tshas. n. s. [pourchas, old Fr.] Any thing bought or obtained for a price. Bacon. Any thing of which possession is taken any other way than by inheritance. Shak. Formerly, rob- berv, and also the thing stolen. Chaucer. PURCHASE-MONEY*, pur'-tshas-mun-ne. n. s Money laid out in the purchase of any thing. Bp Berkeleif. PURCHASER, pfir'-tshas-ur. n. s. A buyer; one that gains any thing for a price. Bacon. PURE§. pure. a. [pup, Sax. ; pur, pure, Fr. ; purus, Lat.] Clear; not dirt}'; not muddy. Sidney. Not filthy; not sullied. Prov. xxx. Unmingled; not altered by mixtures. Deut. xxxii. Genuine; real; unadulterated. James, i. Not connected with any thing extrinsick : as, pure mathematicks. IVilkins. Free ; clear. Prov. xx. Free from guilt ; guiltless innocent. Milton. Incorrupt; not vitiated by any bad practice or opinion. Tickell. Not vitiated with corrupt modes of speech. Ascliam. Mere : as, a pure villain. Chaucer. Chaste ; modest : as, a pure virgin. Collect. Clean ; free from moral tur- pitude. Milton. Ritually clean ; unpolluted. Ezra. To PURE*, pure. v. a. To purify ; to cleanse. Chau- cer. Ob. T. PURELY, pure'-le. ad. In a pure manner; not dirtily ; not with mixture. Isaiah, i. Innocently ; without guilt. Merely ; completely j totally. Chap- man. PURENESS, pure'-ngs. n. s. Clearness; freedom from extraneous or foul admixtures. Sidney. Sim- plicity; exemption from composition. Raleigh. In- nocence ; freedom from guilt. Common Prayer. Freedom from vitious modes of speech. Ascham. PURFILE, pur'-ffl. 140. n. s. [pourfilie, Fr.] A sort of ancient trimming for women's gowns, made of tinsel and thread; called also bobbin work. Bailey. To PURFLE §, pur'-fl. 405. v.a. [pourfiler, Fr.] To decorate with a wrought or flowered border; to border with embroidery ; to embroider. Spenser. To PURFLE*, pui^-fl. v. n. To be wrought or trim- med upon the edge 3 to be puckered. Sir T. Her- bert. PURFLE. pur'-fl. )n.s. A border of embroi- PURFLEW. piV-flu. ] dery. Shelton. PURGA'TION §,pur-ga 7 -shun. n. s. [purgaiio, Lat.] The act of cleansing or purifying from vitious mix- tures. Burnet. The act of cleansing the body by downward evacuation. Bacon. The act of clear- ing from imputation of guilt. Sliakspeare. PURGATIVE, pfir'-ga-tfv. 157. a. Ipurgatif, Fr. , purgativus, Lat.] Cathartick; having the power to cause evacuations downward. Bacon. PURGATIVE*, pur'-ga-tlv. n. s. A cathartick med- icine. Burton. PURGATORIAL* pur-ga-t6'-re-al. }a. Relating PURGATOR1AN*, pur-ga-t6 / -re-an. $ to purga- tory. Mede. PURGATORY, pur'-ga-tfir-e. 512,557. n. s. [pur- gatorium, Lat.] A place in which souls are sup- posed, by the papists, to be purged by fire from 739 PUR PUR 1U 559.— Fate, far,, fall,, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;— carnal impurities, before they are received into heaven. Spenser. PURGATORY* pfir'-ga-tfir-e. a Cleansing; ex- piatory. Burke. To PURGES, purdje. v. a. [purger, Fr.; pur go, Lat.] To cleanse; to clear. Bacon. To clear from impurities. Shak. To clear from guilt. Shak. To clear from imputation of guilt. Bacon. To sweep or put away impurities. Ezek. xx. To evacuate the body by stool. Bacon. To clarify; to defecate. To PURGE, purdje. v. n. To grow pure by clarifi- cation. To have frequent stools. To void excre- ment. Patrick. PURGE, purdje. n. s. [purge, Fr.] A cathartick medicine ; a medicine that evacuates the body by stool. Arbuthnot. PU'RGER, pur'-jur. 98. n. s. One who clears away any thing noxious. Shak. Purge; cathartick. Bacon. PURIFICATION, pu-re-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [puriji- catio, Lat.] The act of making pure. Boijle. The act of cleansing from guilt or pollution. Bp. Taylor. A rite performed by the Hebrews after child- bearing. PU'RIFI C ATF7E , pu-r!f -fe-ka-tlv. PURIFICATORY, pu-rff-fe-ka-tur-e. 512, 557. , a. [purifecatif, Fr.] Having power or tendency 'to make pure. PU'RIFIER^u'-re-fi-ur. 98. n. s. Cleansers refiner. Mai. iii. To PURIFY, piV-re-fl. 183. v. a. [purifier, Fr.; purifico, Lat.] To make pure. To free from any extraneous admixture. Bacon. To make clear. Sidney. To free from guilt or corruption. Tit. ii. To free from pollution, as by lustration. Num. xix. To clear from barbarisms or improprieties. Sprat. To PU'RIFY, pu'-re-fl. v. n. To grow pure. Bur- net. PU'RIFYING*, pu'-re-f 1-lng. n. s. Act of making clean; act of freeing from pollution as by lustra- tion. St. John, ii. PU'RIST, pu'-rfst. n. s. [puriste, Fr.] One super- stitiously nice in the use of words. Ld. Chesterfield. PURITANS, pu'-re-tan. 88. n. s. [from pure.] A sectary pretending to eminent purity of religion. Bp. Sanderson. PURITAN* pu'-re-tan. a. Of, or belonging to, Pu- ritans. Bp. Sanderson. PURITANICAL, pu-re-tan'-ne-kal. ) a. Relating PURITANICK, pu-re-uW-k. $ to Puritans. Walton. PURITANICALLY*, pu-re-tan'-ne-kal-le. ad. Af- ter the manner of the Puritans. Sir M. Sandys. PU'RITANISM, pu'-vMan-fzm. n. s. The notions of a Puritan. Moumagu. To PU'RITANIZE*, pu'-re-tan-ke. v. n. To de- liver the notions of a Puritan. Mountagu. PU'RITY, pu'-re-te. n. s. [pwn'^,old Fr.; pwitas, Lat.] Cleanness; freedom from foulness or dirt. Holyday. Freedom from guilt ; innocence. Wake. Chastity; freedom from contamination of sexes. Shakspeare. PUR L purl. n. s. [contracted from purfe.] An em- broidered and puckered border. Sidney. An ooze ; a soft flow. Bp. Taylor. A kind of medicated malt liquor, in which wormwood and aromaticks are infused. To PURL §, purl. v. n. [porla, Swed.] To murmur; to flow with a gentle noise. Bacon. To rise or ap- pear in undulations. Shakspeare. Tc PURL, purl. v. a. To decorate with fringe or embroidery. B. Jonson. PURLIEU, purMu. n. s. [pur and lieu, Fr.] The grounds on the borders of a forest; border; en- closure; district. Shakspeare. PURLING*, purl'-lng. n. s. The gentle noise of a stream. Bacon. PURLINS, piV-lmz. n. s. [In architecture.] Those pieces of timber that lie across the rafters on the inside, to keep them from sinking in the middle of their length. Bailey. To PURLOINS, pur-lorn', v.a. [puplounnan, Sax.] To steal ; to take by theft. Spense?: To PURLO'IN*, pur-loin', v.n. To practise theft. Titus, ii. PURLOTNER, pur-lom'-ur. n. s. A thief; one that steals clandestinely. U Estrange. PURLO'INING*, pur-lSin'-fng. *. s. Theft. Bacon. PURPARTY, pur'-p&r-te. n.s. [puipariy , old Fr.] Share ; part in division. Dairies. PU'RPLE $, pur' -pi. 405. a. [pourpre, Fr.; purpu- reus, Latj Red tinctured with blue. Sliak. [In poetry.] Red. Dry den. PU'RPLE, pur 7 -pi. n. s. The purple colour ; a pur pie dress. Milton. To PURPLE, pfri'-pl. v.a. [purpuro, Lat.] To make red ; to colour with purple. Sliakspeare. PU'RPLES, pur'-plz. n. s. Spots of a livid red which break out in malignant fevers; a purple fever. Old Morality of Hycke-Scorner. PURPLISH, pur'-pl-ish. a. Somewhat purple, Boyle. PU'RPORT^ pur'- P 6rt. n. s. [old Fr.] Design tendency of a writing or discourse. Norris. To PU'RPORT, pur'-p6rt. v. n. To intends to tend to show. Bacon. PU'RPOSE §, pur'-pus. 166. n. s. [propos, Fr.; pro positum, Lat.] Intention; design. SJiak. Effect > consequence ; the end desired. Hooker. Instance : example. L'Estrange. Conversation. Spenser. A kind of enigma or riddle. See Crosspub.posb. Spenser. To PU'RPOSE, pur'-pus. v.a. To intend} to de- sign ; to resolve. Hooker. To PU'RPOSE, pur'-pus. v. n. To have an inten- tion ; to have a design. Psalm xvii. To discourse. Spenser. PURPOSELESS*, pur'-pus-ias. a. Having no ef- fect. Bp. Hall. PURPOSELY, pur'-pus-le. ad. By design 5 by in- tention. Hooker. PURPRISE, pur'-prlze. n. s. [pourpris, old Fr. ; purprisum, law Lat.] A close or enclosure 3 as alsa the whole compass of a manor. Bacon. PURR, pur. n. s. A sea lark. Ainsworth. To PURR, pur. See To Pur. PURSES, purse, n. s. [bourse.Fr.; piors, Welsh.] A small bag- in which money is contained. Shak. To PUR-SE, purse, v. a. To put into a purse. Dry- den. To contract as a purse. Shakspeare. PU'RSENET, purse'-net. n. s. A net of which the mouth is drawn together by a string. Mortimer. PU'RSEPRIDE*, purse'-pfide. n. s. The insolence of a purseproud person. Bp. Hall. PU'RSEPROUD, purse'-proud. a. Puffed up with money. Bp. Hall. PU'RSER, pur'-sfir. 98. n. s. The paymaster of a ship. PU'RSINESS, pur'-se-nes. } n. s. Shortness of PU'RSIVENESS, pdr'-siv-nes. S breath. Slier- ivood. PU'RSLAIN, purs'-lfn, 208. n. s. [porcellana, Jtal.] A plant. Wiseman. PURSLAIN-TREE, purs' -lln-tre. n. s. A shrub proper to hedge with. PURSU'ABLE, pur-su'-a-bl. a. What may be pur- sued. Sherwood. PURSUANCE, pur-su'-anse. n. s. Prosecution; Process. RSU'ANT, pur-su'-ant. a. Done in consequence or prosecution of any thing. To PURSU'E §, pur-su'. 454. v. a. [poursuivre, Fr/» To persecute. Wiclife. To chase ; to follow ir hostility. Shak. To prosecute ; to continue. Proi xii. To imitate; to-follow as an example. Dnjden To endeavour to attain. Milton. To PURSU'E, pur-siV„ v. n. To go on ; to proceed Boyle. PURSUER, piir-su'-ur. 98. n. s. One who follows in hostility. Shak. One who endeavours to attain an object. WoHhington. PURSUIT, pur-sute'. n. s. [poursuite, Fr.] The ac» of following- with hostile intention. Milton. Endeav • 740 PUT PUT -116, move, ndr, not; — ti'ibe, tub, bull 5 — 6)1; — pound; — th'm, THis. our to attain. Drijden. Prosecution; continuance of endeavour. Clarendon. PU'RSUIVANT. piV-swe-vant. 340. n. s. [ponrsui- vant, Fr.] A state messenger ; an attendant on the heralds. Spenser. PURSY §, pfir'-se. a. [poussif, Fr.] Short-breathed and fat. Shakspeare. PU'RTENANCE, purMen-anse. n. s. [appertenance, Fr.] The pluck of an animal. Ex. xii. PU'RULENCE, piV-ru-!ense. ) 177. [See Mucu- PU'RULENCY, piV-ru-len-se. \ lent.] n. ?. Gen- eration of pus or matter Arbidhnot. PU'RULEINT §, pu'-ru-lent. a. [purulentus, Lat.] Consisting of pus or the running of wounds. Ba- con. To PURVEY, pur-va'. 269. v. a. [pourvoir. Fr.] To provide with conveniences. Spenser. To pro- cure. Thomson. To PURVE'Y, pur-va'. v. n. To buy in provisions ; to provide. Milton. PURVEYANCE, pur-va'-anse. n. s. Provision. Spenser. Procurement of victuals. An exaction of provisions for the king's followers. Bacon. PURVEYOR, pur-va'-ur. 166. n. s. One that pro- vides victuals. Raleigh. A procurer; a pimp. Dryden. An officer who exacted provision for the king's followers. PU'RVTEW, pfir'-vu. n. s. [pourvieu, Fr.] Proviso; providing clause. Bacon. P US, pus. n. s. [Lat.] The matter of a well-digest- ed sore. Arbidhnot. To PUSH §, push. 173, 174. v. a. [pousser, Fr.] To strike with a thrust. Ex. xxi. To force, or drive by impulse. Job, xxx. To force, not by a quick blow, but by continual violence. Ps. xliv. To press for- ward. Dryden. To urge ; to drive. Addison. To enforce ; to drive to a conclusion. Swift. To im- portune ; to tease. To PUSH, push. v. n. To make a thrust. Dryden. To make an effort. Dryden. To make an attack. Dan. xi. To burst out with violence. PUSH, push. n. s. Thrust ; the act of sinking with a pointed instrument. Spenser. An impulse; force impressed. Spenser. Assault; attack. Shak. A forcible onset; a strong effort. Shale. Exigence; trial ; extremity. Sliak. A sudden emergence. Shak. [pustula, Lat.] A pimple; an efflorescence ; a wheal ; an eruption. Bacon. PU'SHER, push'-ur. 98. n. s. One who pushes back. One who pushes forward. PUSHING, push'-fng. 410. a. Enterprising; vigor- ous. PUSHPIN, push'-pm. n. s. A child's play, in which pins are pushed alternately. V Estrange. PUSILLANI'MITY, pu-su-lan-W-me-te. n. s. [pn- sillanimiti, Fr.] Cowardice ; meanness of spirit. Bacon. PUSILLANIMOUS §, pu-su-an'-ne-mus. a. [pnsil- lus and animus, Lat.] Meanspirited ; narrowmind- ed ; cowardlv. Bacon. PUSILLA'NI'MOUSLY*, pu-sH-fin'-ne-mus-le. ad. With pusillanimity. Sir T. Herbert. PUSILLA'NIMOUSNESS, pu-sSl-aiv-ne-m&s-nes. v. s. Meanness of spirit. PUSS, pus. 173, 174. n. s. The fondling name of a cat. Waits. The sportsman's term for a hare. Gay. To PUSTULATE*, p&s'-tshu-late. v. a. [pust?ilatus, Lat.] To form into pustules or blisters. Stackhouse. PU'STULEf, piV-tshule. 463. n.s. [pustula, Lat.] A small swelling ; a pimple ; a push ; an efflores- cence. Arbvthnot. PUSTULOUS, p&s'-tshu-lus. a. Full of pustules ; pimply. Cockeram. To PUT§, put. 173, 174. v. a. [pict,pwtian, Welsh.] To lay or reposit in any place. Gen. ii. 8. To place in any situation. St. Mark, v. To place in any state or condition. Job, xvii. To repose. 2 Kings. To trust; to give up : as, He put himself into the pursuers hands. To expose ; to apply to any thing. Locke. To push into action. Milton. To apply. 1 Sam. viii. To use any action by which the place or state of any thing is changed. Sluxk. To cause 5 49 to produce. Locke. To comprise ; to consign to writing. 2 Chron. To add. Ecclus. iii. To place in a reckoning. Locke. To reduce to any state. Shak. To oblige ; to urge. Bacon. To incite ; to h.tigale ; to exhort; to urge by influence. Claren- don. To propose ; to state. 2 Chr. ii. To form ; to regulate. To reach to another. Hab. ii. To bring into any state of mind or temper. Knolles. To offer ; to advance. Dryden. To unite ; to place as an ingredient. Locke. — To put by. To turn off; to divert. Bp. Taylor. To thrust aside. Sidney. To put down. To baffle; to repress; to crush. Shak. To degrade. Spenser. To bring into dis- use. Bacon. To confute. Shak. To put forth, To propose. Judges. To extend. Gen. viii. To emit, as a sprouting plant. Bacon. To exert. Mil- ton. To put in. To interpose. Collier. To drive; to harbour. Chap/man. To put in practice. To use ; to exercise Dryden. To put off. To divest; to lay aside. Nehem. iv. To defeat or delay with some artifice or excuse. Bacon. To delay ; to de fer ; to procrastinate. Wake. To pass fallaciously. Swift. To discard. Shak. To recommend ; to vend or obtrude. Bacon. To put on or upon. To impute ; to charge. To put on or upon. To invest with, as clothes or covering. Shak. To put on. To forward ; to promote ; to incite. Shak. To put on or upon. To impose ; to inflict. 2 Kings, xviii. To put on. To assume ; to take. Shak. To put over. To refer. Shak. To put out. To place at usury. Psalm xv. To extinguish. Judges, xvh To emit, as a plant. Bacon. To extend ; to pro- trude. Gen. xxxviii. To expel ; to drive from. Spenser. To make publick. Dryden. To discon- cert. Bacon. To put to. To kill by ; to punish by. Bacon. To refer to ; to expose. Bacon,. To put to it. To distress; to perplex ; to press hard Sliak. To put to. To assist with. Sidney. To pid to death. To kill. Bacon. To put together. To accumulate into one sum or mass. Burnet. To put up. To pass unrevenged. Shak. To pid vp. To emit ; to cause to germinate, as plants. Bacon. To expose publickly : as, These goods are put up to sale. To start from a cover. Addison. To hoard. Spelman. To hide. Sliak. To put upon. To impose, to lay upon. Shak. To put upon trial. To expose or summon to a solemn and judicial examination. Locke. To PUT, put, or put. v. n. To go or move. Bacon, To shoot or germinate. Bacon. To steer a vessel. Addison. To push with the head. To stumble. Grose. — To put forth. To leave a port. Shak. To germinate ; to bud ; to shoot out. Shak. To put in. To enter a haven. Pope. To put in for. To claim ; to stand candidate for. Abp. Usher. To put in. To offer a claim. Brown. To put off. To leave land. Chapman. To pid over. To sail cross. Ab- bot. To pid to sea. To set sail ; to begin the course. Bacon. To put ur>. To offer one's self a candidate. L 'Estrange. To advance to; to bring one's self forward. Swift. To put up with. To suffer without resentment : as, to pid up tvith an af front. To take without dissatisfaction : as, to put up vnth poor entertainment. ^j=" The common pronunciation of the capital [London] 13 the first sound given to this word; but in Ireland, and the different counties of England, it is generally pro- nounced regularly so as to rhyme with hut, nut, &c W. Johnston has adopted this sound, and Mr. Perry gives it both ways, but seems to prefer the regular sound. Mr. Nares is decidedly in favour of this sound ; and, as this word, when a noun, is always so pronounc- ed, it seems a needless departure from rule, and an embar- rassment to the language, to have the same word differ- ently pronounced. This is an inconvenience to which, perhaps, all languages are subject : but it ought in all languages to be avoided as much as possible. — See Bowl. Mr Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick,nnd Mr. Smith, adopt the first sound. W. PUT, p&t. 175. n.s. An action of distress. L 'Estrange. A rustiek ; a clown. Bramston. A game at cards. Warton.—Put off. Excuse j shift. L'EstriJige. 741 PYG P¥X (ET 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— PUT Case*. An elliptical expression of former times for suppose tliat it may be so ; state a possible or probable case. Burton. PU'TAGE, pu'-tidje. 90. n.s. [putain, Fr.] [Inlaw.] Prostitution on the woman's part. Diet. PU'TAMSM, prV-ta-nfzm. n.s. [putonisme, -Fr.] The manner of living, or trade of a prostitute. Diet. PU'TATIVE,pu'-la-t?v. 157. a. [putatif Fr.; from puto, Lat.] Supposed ; reputed. Aylijfe. PU'T1D§, pu'-ud. a. [putidus,hen.] Mean; low; worthless. Bp.Taylor. PU'TIDNESS, piV-tid-nes. n. s. Meanness ; vileness. PU'TLOG, pfitMog. n. s. Putlogs are pieces of timber or short poles, to bear the boards they stand on to work, and to lay bricks and mortar upon. Moxon. PUTRE'DlNOU^pu-tred'-e-nus. a. [putredo, Lat.] Stinking- ; rotten. Floyer. rUTREFA'CTION, pu-!re-fak'-shfin. n. s. [putre- faction, Fr. ; putris and facio, Lat.] The state of growing rotten; the act of making rotten. Quincy. PUTREFA/CTIVE, pu-tre-fak'-tfv. a. Making rot- ten. Broivn. To PUTREFY, pu'-tre-f 3. 183. v. a. [putrejier, Fr. ; putrefacio, Lat.] To make rotten ; to corrupt with rottenness. Bacon. To PU TREFY, pfi'-tre-fl. v. n. To rot. Isaiah, i. 6. PUTRESCENCE, pu-treV-sense. 510. n.s. [putres- co, Lat.] The state of rotting. Brown. PUTRESCENT, pu-tres'-sent. a. [putrescent, Lat.] Growing rotten. Arbulhnot. PUTRE'SCIBLE*, pu-tres'-se-bl. a. That may grow rotten, or putrefy. Philos. Transact. P. I. [1798J PU'TRID §, prV-trld. a. [putride. Fr. ; putridus, Lat.] Rotten ; corrupt. Arbuthnot. PU'TRIDNESS, pu'-trid-nes. n. s Rottenness. Floyer. PUTRIFICA'TION*, pfi-tre-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. State of becoming rotten. Confut. of N. Shaxton. PU'TRY*, pfi'-tre. a. Rotten. Marston. PU'TTER, put'-tfir. 98. [See Put.] n.s. [fromp^/j One who puts. U Estrange. — Putter on. Inciter ; instigator. Slmkspeare. PU'TTINGSTONE, put / -ting-sl6ne. n. s. Stones laid at the gates of great houses, for trials of strength. Pope. Stones thrown from the uplifted hand, or above nand, as commonly expressed. Pennant. PU'TTOCK, put'-tuk. 1G6. n. s. [buieo, Lat.] A kite. Spenser. PU'TTY, pfif-te. n. s. A kind of powder on which glass is ground. Newton. A kind of cement used by glaziers. PUY*. SeePov. To PU'ZZLE §, pfiz'-zl. 405. v. a. [pussa, putsa, Icei. and Su. Goth.] To perplex; to confound; to embarrass ; to entangle ; to gravel ; to put to a stand ; to tease. Sliak. To make intricate ; to en- tangle. Addison. To PU ZZLE, pfiz'-zl. v. n. To be bewildered in one's own notions ; to be awkward. L' Estrange. PU'ZZLE, pfiz'-zl. n.s. Embarrassment; perplexity. Bacon. PU'ZZLEHEADED*, pfiz'-zl-hed-ed. a. Having the head full of confused notions. Johnson. PU'ZZLER, pfiz'-zl-fir. 98. n. s. He who puzzles. PYE*. See Pie. PY'EBALD*. See Piebald. PY'GARG, pl'-garg. n.s. [irvyapyos] A kind of eagle, having a white back or tail. PYG ME 7 AN, pfg-me'-an. [pfg'-me-an, Pen-y.] a. Be- longing to a pygmy. Milton. £$= This v/ord has the accent on the penultimate for the same reason as epicurean. It is derived from pigmai, pigmies: and its adjective, if it had one, must have had the diphthong in it, which would necessarily fix the ac- cent or. that syllable. — See European. " They less than smallest dwarfs in narrow room " Throng numberless, like that pygmean race " Beyond the Indian mount." Milton. W. PY'GMY§, plg'-me. n.s. [pugme, Fr. ; wynaios, Gr.] A dwarf; one of a nation fabled to be only three spans high, and after long wars to have been destroyed by cranes ; any thing little. Bentlev. PYGMY*, pig'-me. a. See Pigmy. PYLO'RUS, pe-l6'-rfis. 187, 503. n. s. [™A W pf* ] The lower orifice of the stomacn. PYOT*. SeePiET. PY'RACANTH*, pir'-a-kantfi. n.s. [pyracantlui, Lat.] A kind of thorn. Mason. PYRAMID §, plr'-a-mld. 109, 180. n.s. [pyramide, Fr. ; nvpafxis, Gr.] A solid figure, whose base is a . polygon, and whose sides are plain triangles, their several points meeting in one. Harris. PYRA'MIDAL^e-ram'-e-dal. 187.) a. Having the PYRAMFDICAL, pjr-a-mld'-e-kal. iform of a pyr- PYRAMI DICK*, pir-a-mld'-lk. ) amid. Woticn. PYRAMIDICALLY, plr-a-mid'-e-kal-e. ad. In form of a pyramid. Broome. PY RAMIS, plr'-a-mis. n. s. A pyramid. Bacon. PYRE, pire. n.s. [pyra, Lat.] A pile to be burnt Glanville. PYRITES, pe-rl'-tez, or p?r / -e-t^z.l37. n. s. [from 7rup.] Firestone. Woodward. OCT ^This word is accented on the second syllable by Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Barclay, Bailey, and Fenning ; [Jones, Fulton and Knight,] and on the first by Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, and Entick. Pyri'tts is the analogical pronunciation ; for, as the word is de- rived from the Greek Trvpirrjs, and the Latin pyrites, (both with the accent on the penultimate, and preserv- ing the form of their originals.) it ought to have the accent on the same syllable.— See Principles, No. 503. W PYRO'LATRY*, pi-r&l'-a-tre.«.«. [-vp andAorpwa.] Adoration of fire. Young. PYROMANCY $, pir'-6-man-se. 519. n.s. [™>o- f.iavria.'X Divination by fire. Ayliff'e. PY'ROMANTICK*, plr'-o-nmn-dk. n. s. One wba practises divination by fire. Sir T. Herbert. PYRO'METER* pe-rom'-e-tfir. n.s. [pyrcmetrs Fr. ; nvp and fihpov, Gr.] An instrument to measure the alteration of the dimensions of metals, and oth er solid bodies arising from heat. Chambers. PYROTE'CHNICAL, plr-6-teV-ne-kal. 530. a. En gaged or skilful in fireworks. PY'ROTECHNICKS §, p?r-6-tek'-nlks. n, s. [s-fy and re^vr).] The act of employing fire to use or pleasure; the art of fireworks. PYROTECHNIST* pir'-o-tek-nfst. n. s. One who understands pvrotechnicks. Steevens. PYROTECHNY, piV-o-tek-ne. n.s. [pyrolcclmic, Fr.] The art of managing fire. Hale. PYRO'TICKS*, pe-rot'-iks. n, s. pi. [pyrotique, Fr., from mpoio, Gr.] [In medicine.] Causticks. PYRRHONISM, pV-rft-nizm. n. s. [from Pyrrho, the founder of the skepticks.] Skepticism ; univer- sal doubt. Bolingbroke. PYRRHON1ST*, P V-r6-n?st. n. s. A skeptick. Marston,. PYTHAGOREAN*, pe-tfiag-6-re'-an. [See Euro- pean.] n.s. A follower cf Pythagoras the philoso pher. Addison. PYTHAGOREAN*, pe-^ag-6-re'-an. PYTHAGORICAL* pfr/i-a-gor'-e-kal. PYTH A GO'RICK*, pkh-a-gMk. the philosophy of Pythagoras. Mare. PYTHA'GORISM*, pe-;/mg / -6-rlzm. n. s. The opinions and doctrine of Pythagoras. More. PY'THONESS*, pF-tfto-nes. n.s. [pythonissa, hat., from UvOwv, Gr.l A sort of witch. Bp. Hall. PYTHO'NICK*, pe-tfwn'-lk. a. [mdwtKbs.'] Pre- tending to foretell future events. Ricaut. PYTHONIST*, pl / -i;/i6-n'ist. n. s. [from Python.-] A conjurer. Cockeram. PYX, plks. n. s. [pyxis, Lat.] The box in which tha Romanists kept the host. Abp. Cranmer. 742 QUA QUA — nO, move. n6r, not; — tijbe, tub, bull; — 651;— pS&nd; — thin, this. £~\ Is a consonant borrowed from the Latin or \c%i French, for which, though q is commonly plac- ed in the Saxon alphabet, the Saxons generally used cp, cw ; as cpellan or cwellan, to quell : qu is, in English, pronounced, as by the Italians and Spaniards, civ ; as, quail, quench, except quoit, which is spoken, according to the manner of the French, cou: the name of this letter is cue, from queue, French, tail; its form being that of an O with a tail. See Walker's Prin. 414, 415. QUAB, kwab. n. s. [quabbe, or queppe, Teut.] A sort offish. Johnson. To QUACKS, kwak. 85, 8(5. v. n. [quicken, Teut.] To cry like a duck. King. To chatter boasting- ly; to brag loudly; to talk ostentatiously. Hudi- bras. QUACK, kwak. n. s. A boastful pretender to arts which he does not understand. Felton. A vain, boastful pretender to physick ; one who proclaims his own medical abilities in publick places. Addi- son. An artful, tricking practitioner in physick. Pope. QUACK*, kwak. a. Falsely pretending, or falsely alleged, to cure diseases: as, a quack doctor; a quack medicine. QUA'CKERY, kwak'-kur-e. n. s. Mean or bad acts in physick ; false pretensions to any art. Person. QUA'CKISH*, kwakMsh. a. Boasting like a quack; trickish as a quack. Burke. QUA CKISM*, kwak'-Izm. n. s. The practice of Suackery. Ash. A'CKLED* kwik'-kld. ) a. [quacken, Teut.] QUA'CKENED*, kwak'-knd. $ Almost choked or suffocated. QUACKSALVER, kwak'-sal-vfir. n. s. [quack and salve.] One who brags of medicines or salves; a medicaster ; a charlatan. Tiie quacksalver was at first one who made, sold, or applied ointments or oils. Afterwards it denoted a kind of charlatan, a travelling quack. Burton. Brown. QUAD*, a. [quaed, Teut.] Evil; bad. Gower. Ob. T. QUA'DRAGENE*, kwod'-ra-jene. n. s. [quadragc- na, Lat.] A papal indulgence, multiplying the re- mission of penance by forties. Bp. Taylor. QUADRAGESIMAL, kwod-ra-jes'-se-mal. 414. a. [quadragesima, Lat.] Lenten; belonging to Lent; used in Lent. Sanderson. QUADRAGE'SIMALS*, kwod-ra-jeV-se-malz. n. s. Offerings formerly made, on midlent Sunday, to the mother church. QUA'DRANGLE, kwod'-rang-gl. 414. n. 5. [quad- ratics and angulus, Lat.] A square ; a surface with four right angles. Shakspeare. QUADRANGULAR, kwa-dran'-gu-I&r. 414. a. Square; having four right angles. Grew. QUA'DRANT, kwa'-drant. 85. n. s. [ quadrans, Lat.] The fourth part ; the quarter. Brown. The quar- ter of a circle. Holder. An instrument with which altitudes are taken. Toiler. ^jCf It has been observed in the Principles, No. 85, 86, &.C., that w, by articulating the a, fives it the deep broad sound, equivalent to the diphthong au ; and that «, preceded by q, has exactly the same effect. 414. This is evident from the sound of a in this and similar words, which, till lately, was always pronounced broad. Some innovators have attempted to give the a in this word its slender sound ; but the publick ear seems in opposition to it, nor ought it to be admitted. The broad sound is the genuine English pronunciation, as appears in every word where it is succeeded by r. As this consonant, when final, or followed by another consonant, gives every a that precedes it the Italian sound heard in fa- ther ; so, when these letters are preceded by qu, or w, the a falls into the broad sound heard in water. Thus, as we hear bar, dart, barrel, with the sound of the Ital- ian a ; so we hear war, quart, and quarrel, with the German a. Equator, quaver, and words ending with hard c, g, and /, have departed from this rule ; but a sufficient number of words are left to indicate plainly what is the analogy, and to direct us, where usage is douotful. W. QUADRA'NTAL, kwa-dran'-tal. a. Included in the fourth part of a circle. Derham. | QUA'DRATE, kwa'-driie. 91. a. [quadroti-s, Lat.] Square ; having four equal and parallel sides. Di- visible into four equal parts. Brown, [quadrans, Lat.] Suited ; applicable. Harvey. Square ; equal ; exact. Howell. QUA'DRATE, kwa'-drate. 414. n.s. A square ; a surface with four equal and parallel sides. Spenser, [quadrat, Fr.] [In astrology.] An aspect of tie heavenly bodies, wherein they are distant from each other ninety degrees, and the same with quar tile. Diet. To QUA'DRATE, kwa'-drate. v. n. [quadro, Lat. ; qiuxd'-er, Fr.] To suit : to correspond : to be accom modated to. Bp. Bull. QUADRA'TICK, kwa-drat'-ik. 414, a. Foursquare} belonging to a square. Diet. QUADRA'TICK Equations. [In algebra.] Are such as retain, on the unknown side, the square uf the root or the number sought. Harris. QUADRATURE, kwdd'-ra-ture. n. s. [Fr. ; quad- ralura, Lat.] The act of squaring. Watts. The first and last quarter of the moon. Locke. The state of being square ; a quadrate ; a square. Mil- ton. QUADRE'NNIAL, kwa-dren'-ne-al. ? a. [quad- QUADRIE'NNIAL*, kw6d-re-en'-ne-ai. \ rienni- um, from quatuor and annus, Lat.] Comprising four years. Bullokar. Happening once in four years. QUA'DRIBLE, kw&d'-re-bl. 405. a. [quadro, Lat.] That may be squared. Derham. QUADRl'FID, kw&d'-dre-f id. a. [quadrifidis, Lat.] Cloven into four divisions. QUADRILATERALS, kwod-dre-lat'-ter-al. 414. a. [quatuor and lotus, Lat.] Having four sides. Woodward. QUADRILA'TERALNESS, kw&d-dre-lat'-ter-al- nes. n. s. The property of having four right-lined sides, forming as many right angles. Diet. QUADRI'LLE, ka-dril'. 415. n. s. [quadrilla, Span- ish.] A game at cards, played by four persons. Pope. QUA'DRIN, kwod'-rin. n. s. [quadrinus, Lat.] A mite; a small piece of money, in value about a far- thing. Bailey. QUADRINO'MICAL, kwod-dre-nonv'-e-kfd .a. [??/«- tuor and nomen, Lat.] Consisting of four denomi- nations. Did. QUADRIPA'RTITE §, fcwa-drlp'-par-tlte. 155. [See Bipartite.] a. [quatuor and partitas, Lat.] Having four parts; divided into four parts. Set- den. QUADRIPA'RTITELY, kwa-drip'-par-tlte-le. ad. In a quadripartite distribution. Huloet. QUA DRIP ARTI'TION, kw&d-re-par-uW-fin. n.s. A division by four, or the taking the fourth part of any quantity or number. Did. QUADRIPHY'LLOUS, kwod-dre-fil'-lfis. a. [qua- tuor, and . a. To frighten ; to throw into trepidation. Shakspeare. Ob. P. QUAKE, kwake. n. s. A shudder ; a tremulous agi- tation. Suckling. QUA'KER*, kwa'-kfir. n. s. [generally supposed to be from quake, on account of the tremblings with which the speakers of this sect are described.] One of a religious sect, distinguished by several par- ticularities in opinions and manners ; and especial- ly by peaceable demeanour. Hudibras. QUAKERISM*, kwa'-kftr-izm. ) n. s. The no- QUAKERY*, kwa'-kur-e. \ tions of Quakers. South. QUAKERLY*, kwa'-kfir-le. a. Resembling Qua- kers. Goodman. QUAKING*, kwa'-klng. n. s. [cpacun£, Sax.] Trepidation. Ezek. xii. QUAKING-GRASS, kwa'-klng-gras. n. s. An herb. Ains worth. QUA'LIFIABLE*, kw&l'-le-fl-a-bl. a. That maybe abated or qualified. Barrow. QUALIFICATION, kvv6i-le-fe-ka / -shun. n. s. That which makes any person or thing fit for any thing. Swift. Accomplishment. Alterbury. Abatement; diminution. Raleigh. QUA'LIFIER*, kw6l'-le-fl-ur. n. s. That which modifies, or qualifies. Junius. To QUALIFY S, kw&l'-le-fl. 86. v. a. {qualifier, Fr.] To fit for any thing. Bacon. To furnish with qual- ifications. Shak. To make capable of any em- ployment or privilege: as, He is qualified to kill game. To abate; to soften; to diminish. Shak. To ease ; to assuage. Spenser. To modify ; to reg- ulate- Brown. QUALIT1ED*, kw&F-le-tld. a. Disposed with re- 6ard to the passions. Ha ALITY «, kwol'-le-te. 86. n. s. [qualitas, Lat. ; qualiti, Fr.] Nature relatively considered. Hooker. Property; accidental adjunct. Bentley. Particu- lar efficacy. Shak. Disposition; temper. Shak. Virtue or vice. Dryden. Accomplishment; quali- fication. Clarendon. Character. Bacon. Com- parative or relative rank. Hooker. Rank ; supe- riority of birth or station. Sliak. Persons of high rank. Addison. QUALMS, kwam. 403. [kwam, Jones ; kwam, Per- ry.] n. s. [cpealm, Sax.] A sudden fit of sickness ; a sudden seizure of sickly languor. Shaksmare. QUA'LMISH, kwam'-fsh. a. Seized with sicklr languor. Shakspeare. QUANDARY §, kwon-da'-r*. n. s. [qu> en diraije, Fr.] A doubt ; a difficulty ; an uncertainty : a low word. Beaumont and Fletcher. To QUANDARY*, kw&n-dl'-re. v. a. To bring into a difficulty. Otway. QUANTITATD7E*, kw6n'-te-ta-t?v. a. Estimable according to quantity. Bp. Taylor. QUANTIT1VE, kwoV-te-tfv. a.* Estimable accord ■ ing to quantity. Digby. QUANTITY S, kwon'-te-te. 86. n. s. [quantite, Fr. ; quanlitas, Lat.] That property of any thing which may be increased or diminished. Cheyne. Any indeterminate weight or measure : as, The metals were in different quantities. Bulk or weight. Dry- den. A portion ; a part. Sliak. A large portion. Arbuthnot. The measure of time in pronouncing a syllable. Drayton. QUA'NTUM,kwon'-ium. n. s. [Lat.] The quan- titv; the amount. Swift. To QUAP*. See To Quob. QUAR*. See Quarre. QUARANTAIN, ),**.,, , 119 ( n, s. QUARANTINE, ^'°r-ran-t&n'. 112. j [quar _ antain, Fr. ; from the Lat. quarentena, Lent, or the term of forty days.] The space of forty days, being the time which a ship, suspected of infection, is obliged to forbear intercourse or commerce. Swift. [In law.] A benefit allowed by the law of England to the widow of a man dying seized of land, whereby she may challenge to continue in his capital messuage, by the space of forty days after his decease. Selden. QUARRE. n. s. A quarry. Drayton. Ob. J. QUARREL S, kwor'-ril.86,414. n.s. [querelle, Fr.] A breach of concord. Hammond. A brawl ; a petty fight ; a scuffle. Shak. A dispute ; a contest. Hooker. A cause of debate. Shak. Something that gives a right to mischief, reprisal, or action. Bacon. Objection ; ill-will. St. Mark, vi. Any one peevish or malicious. Shak. [quarel, old Fr. ; quadrella, Ital.] An arrow with a square head. Camden. A square of glass, [quadrum, Lat.] Slier- icood. The instrument with which a square or pane of glass is cut; the glaziers diamond. Douce. To QUARREL, kwor'-ril. 99. v. n. [quereller, Fr.I To debate ; to scuffle ; to squabble. Shak. To fall into variance. Shak. To fight; to combat. Dry- den. To find fault; to pick objections. Bramhall. To disagree; to have contrary principles. Cow- ley. To QUARREL*. kwor'-ril. v. a. To quarrel with. B. Jonson. Ob. T. QUARRELLER, kwor'-rfl-fir. 98. n.s. He who quarrels. Bale. QUARRELLING*, kwor'-ril-fng. n. s. Breach of concord; dispute; objection ; disagreement. Ec- clus. xxxi. QUARRELLOUS, kwor'-rll-fis. a. [querelleux, Fr.] Petulant; easily provoked to enmity. Sliak- speare. QUARRELSOME, kwor'-r?l-sum. a. Inclined to brawls ; easily irritated ; irascible; cholerick ; pet- ulant. Bacon. QUARRELSOMELY, kw6r / -r?l-sum-le. ad. In a quarrelsome manner ; petulantly; cholerickly. QUARRELSOMENESS, kwor'-rtl-sQm-nes. n. s. Cholerickness ; petulance. Bp. Hall. QUARRY S, kwor'-re. 86. n.s. [quarre, Fr.] A square. MoHimer. [qmrreau, quadreau, Fr.] An arrow with a square head. Fairfax, [from quxr*- 744 QUA QUE —n6, move, nor, not; — tube, tab, bull ;— Oil; — pound ;— thin, Tuis. Fr.] Game flown at by a hawk. Spetiser. A heap of game killed. Shale, [quarriere, quarrel, Fr.] A stone mine ; a place where they dig - stones. Baron. To QUARRY, kwor'-re. v. n. To prey upon. L' Es- trange. To QUARRY*, kwor'-re. o. a. To dig out of a quarrv. Goldsmith. QUA'RRYMAN, kw6r'-re-man. 88. n. s. One who digs in a quarry. Woodward. QUART, kwdrt. 86, 414. n.s. [Fr.] The fourth part ; a quarter. Spenser. The fourth part of a gal- Jon. Shah, [quarte, Fr.] The vessel in which strong drink is commonly retailed. Shak. A sequence of four cards at the game of piquet. QUARTAN, kwor'-tan. n. s. [febris quartana, Lat.] The fourth dav ague. Brown. QUARTA'T{ON,kw6r-ta'-shun. n.s. A cbymical operation. Boyle. QUARTER §, kwdr'-tfir. 86. n.s. [quart, quarter, Fr.] A fourth part. Shak. A region of the skies. as referred to the seaman's card. Shak. A par- ticular region of a town or country. Abbot. The place where soldiers are lodged or stationed. Cow- ley. Proper station. Bacon. Remission of lite ; mercy granted by a conqueror. Clarendon. Treat- ment shown by an enemy. Collier. Friendship; amity ; concord. SJiak. A measure of eight bush- els. Heylin. — False quarter is a cleft or chink in a quarter of a horse's hoof from top to bottom. To QUARTER, kw6V-tur. v. a. To divide into four parts. Shak. To divide 3 to break by force. Shak. To divide into distinct regions. Dryden. To station or lodge soldiers. Dryden. To lodge ; to fix on a temporary dwelling. Shak. To diet. Hudibras. To bear as an appendage to the he- reditary arms. Peacham. QUARTERAGE, kw6r'-iur-?dje. 90. n. s. A quar- terlv allowance. Hudibras. QL T/ ARTERDAY, kw6r'-tur-da. n. s. One of the four days in the year on which rent or interest is paid. Fell. QUARTERDECK, kwor'-tfir-dek. n.s. The short upper deck. QUARTERING*, kw6r'-tur-fng. n. s. Station. Mountagu. Appointment of quarters for soldiers. Jura Cleri. A partition of a shield containing many coats of arms. Ashmole. QUARTERLY, kw6r'-tur-le. a. Containing a fourth part. Holder. QUARTERLY, kwSr'-tur-le. ad. Once in a quar- ter of a vear. QUARTERMASTER, kwor'-tur-ma-stur. n. s. One who regulates the quarters of soldiers. Taller. QUARTERS, kwor'-turn. 98. n. s. A gili or the fourth part of a pint. QUARTER-SESSIONS*, kw8rMftr-sesh'-flaz. 72. 5. One kind of court of law. Blackstone. QUARTERSTAFF, kw6r'-tur-staf. n.s. A staff of defence. Drvden. QUARTILE^kwrV-til. 140, 145. n. s. An aspect of the planets, when they are three signs, or ninety degrees, distant from each other. Harris. QUARTO, kw6r'-t6. n. s. [quartus, Lat.] A book in which every sheet, being twice doubled, makes four leaves. Watts. QUARTZ*, kwdrtz. n. s. A kind of stone. Kirwan. To QUASH §. kwosh. v. a. [cpypan, Sax.] To crush ; to squeeze. Waller. To subdue suddenly. Roscommon, [cassus, Lat.; casser, Fr.] To annul; to nullify; to make void. To QUASH, kwosh. v. n. To be shaken with a noise. Ray. QUASH, kwosh. n. s. A pompion. Ainsworth. QUASSA'TION*, kwas-sa'-shfin. n.s. [quassatio, Lat.] The act of shaking; the state of being shaken. Gayton. Ob. T. QUA'SSIA*. kwosh'-she-a. n. s. A medicinal bitter. QUAT*, kwot. n.s. A pustule; a pimple. Sliak- sjieare. QUA TERCOUSINS, ka'-ter-kfiz-z'nz. 415. n.s. pi. Those within the first four degrees of kindred. SJti'/mer. I QUATERNARY, kwa-teV-nar-e. n.s. [quaiernari- 1 ns, Lat.] The number lour. Boyle. I QUATERNARY*, kwa-uV-nar-e. a. Consisting of i tour. F. Gregory. I QUATERNION f , kwa-leV-ne-un. n.s. [quaternio, J Lat.] The number four ; a file of" four soldiers I Acts, xi 1. ! To QUATERNION*, kwa-teV-ne-fin. v. a. To di- I vide into files or companies. Milion. Ob. T. i QUATERN1TY, kwa-teV-ne-te. n. s. [quaternus, Lat.] The number four. Brown. QUATRAIN, kwa'-trln. 208. n. s. [quatrain, Fr.] I A stanza of four lines rhyming alternately. Dryden. 1 To QUAVE§* kwave. v. n. [va^ian/Sax.] To shake ; to vibrate. ! QUA'VEMIRE*, kwave'-mlre. n. 5. A quagmire ! Mirror for Magistrates. J To QUA'VER, kwa'-vur. 86. [See Quadrant.] ; v. n. To shake the voice ; to speak or sing with a tremulous voice ; to produce a shake on a musical instrument. Sidney. To tremble; to vibrate. Ray. I QUA'VER*, kwa'-v&r. n. s. A shake of the voice, j or a shake on a musical instrument. Addison. A ! musical note, equal in time to half a crotchet. jQUA'VERED*, kwa'-vurd. part. a. Distributed into quavers; uttered in quavers. Harmar. QUA'VERER*, kwa'-vur-ur. n.s. A warbler ;"one that in singing useth to divide much." 1 Cotgrace. QUA'YERING*, kwa'-vftr-ing. n. s. Act of shaking the voice, or of producing a shake on a musical in- strument. Bacon. QUAY, k£. 220. n. s. [quai, Fr. ; kaey, Dan.] A key; an artificial bank to the sea or river, on which goods are convenient!}' unladen. Blackstone. QUE ACH $*, kweetsh. n. s. A thick, bushy plot. Chapman. To QUEACH*, kweetsh. v. n. To stir ; to move. QUE' ACHY, kweetsh'-e. a. See To Quicn. Shaking; quaggy; unsolid; unsound. Drayton. [from the substantive queach.~] Thick; bushy. Cockeram. QUEAN, kwene. 8. [kwane, Sheridan.'] n. s. [quens, I Goth.; cpen, Sax.] A worthless woman; general- I" lv, a strumnet. Shakspeare. i QUE'ASINE^SS, kwe'-ze-nes. ». s. The sickness of a nauseated stomach. Shakspeare. j QUE'ASY§, kwe'-z£. a. [of uncertain etymology.] i Sick with nausea. Shak. Fastidious; squeamish; delicate. Shak. Requiring to be delicately han- | died ; tender. Slmkspeare. ! QUEEN §, kwesm. o. n. s. [cpen, Sax.] The wife of a king. Shak. A woman who is sovereign of a kingdom. Locke. To QUEEN, kween. r. «. To play the queen. Shak. I QUEEN-APPLE, kween'-ap-pl. n. s. A species of j apple. Mortimer. I QUEE'NTNG, kween'-fng. 410. n. s. An apple. ! Mortimer. i QUEE'NLIKE*, kween'-llke. a. Resembling a i queen. Drayton. I QUEE'NLY* kween'-le. a. Becoming a queen ; j suitable to a queen. j QUEER §, kweer. a. [probably from the German 1 qwair, or quer, opposite, cross.] Odd ; strange - y I original ; particular. Spectator. j QUEE'RLY. kweer'-le. ad. Particularly ; oddlv. I QUEERNESS, kweer'-nes. n. s. Oddness ; particu- larity. QUEEST, kw£est. n. s. [questus, Lat.] A ringdove ; ! a kind of wild pigeon. QUE3NT*. pret. and part, of To quench. Gower. To QUELL $, kwel v. a. [cpellan, Sax.] To crush j to subdue ; originally, to kill. Milton. To QUELL, kwel. v. n. To abate. Spenser. QUELL, kwel. n. s. Murder. Shakspeare. Ob. J. QUE'LLER, kwel'-lur.98. n. s. One that crushes or subdues. Milton. QUE'LQUECHOSE, kek'-sh6ze. n. s. [Fr.] A trifle , a kickshaw. Donne. To QUEUE, kweem. v. a. fcpeman, Sax.] To please. Gower. Ob. J. lb QUENCH §,kwensh. v. a. [cpencan, Sax.] To 74u QUE QUI P 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat}— me, m^tj— pine, pin: any passion or To allay thirst. extinguish fire. Sidney, To sti commotion. Whole Duty of Man South. To destroy. Davies. To QUENCH, kwensh. v. n. To cool ; to grow cool. Shakspeare. QUE'NCHABLE, kwensh'-a-bl. a. That may be quenched. Sherwood. QUE NCHER, kwensh'-ur. 98. n. s. Extinguisher ; one that quenches. Hammond. QUENCHLESS, kwensh'-l^s. a. Unextinguisha- ble. Sludcspeare. QUE'RELE, kwe'-reL n. s. [querela. Lai. ; quereUe, Fr.] A complaint to a court. Ayliffe. QUERENT, kwe'-rent. n. s. [querens, Lat.] The complainant; the plaintiff. [qucerens, Lai.] An inquirer. Aubrey. QUERIMO'NTOUS $, kwer-re-mr ra'-je-ate. v. a. To yt. Adorn- enlighten ; to fill with brightness. Dr. Hacyt RA'DIATED, ra'-de-a-ted. a. [radiatus, Lat.] A ed with ravs. Addison. RADIATION, ra-de-a'-shun, or ra-je-a'-shfin. 534. n. s. [radiatio, Lat.] Beamy lustre 3 emission of rays. Bacon. Emission from a centre every way. Bacon. RA'DICAL $, rad'-de-kal. a. [radical, Fr.] Primi- tive 3 original. Bacon. Implanted by nature. Ba- con. Serving to origination. RADICA'LITY, rad-de-kal'-e-te. n. s. Origination. Brown. RADICALLY, rad'-de-kal-e. ad. Originally 5 prim- itively. B'-own. RA'DICALNESS, rad'-de-kal-nes. n. s. The state of being radical. ERADICATES, rad'-de-kate. 91. v. a. [radica- tus, Lat.] To rcot 3 to plant deeply and firmly. Hammond. RA DICATE*, rad'-de-kate. a. Deeply infixed South. RADICA'TION, rad-e-ka'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] The act of taking root and fixing deep. Hammond. RA'DICLE, rad'-de-kl. 405. n. s. [radicule, Fr.] That part of the seed of a plant, which, upon its vegetation, becomes its root. Quinoy. RADISH, rad'-dlsh. n. s. [peebic, Sax.] A root, commonly eaten raw. Miller. §CF" This word is commonly, but corruptly, pronounced as if written reddish. The deviation is but small; nor do I think it so incorrigible as that of its brother esculents, asparagus, cucumber, and lettuce ; which see. W. RA'DIUS, ra'-de-us, or ra'-je-6s. 293, 294. n. », [Lat.] The semi-diameter of a circle. The bone of the fore-arm, which accompanies the ulna from the elbow to the wrist. 749 RAI RAI s 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— ^A'DIX*, ra'-dlks. n. s. [Lat.] The root. Pilking- ton. TbRAFF$, raf. t>. a. [ra/er, Fr.] To sweep; to huddle j to take hastily without distinction. Ca- rew. RAFF*, raf. n. s. A confused heap; a jumble. Bar- row. A low fellow. — Riff-raff, the mob. Grose. RA'FFLE$, raf-fl. n. s. [rajte, Fr.] A species of game or lottery, in which many stake a small part of the value of some single thing, in consideration of a chance to gain it. Arbuthnot. To RA'FFLE, raf-fl. 405. v. n. To cast dice for a prize, for which every one lays down a stake. Young. RAFT §, raft. 79. n.s. [pejzan, jieapian, Sax.] A frame or float made by laying pieces of timber cross each other. Shakspeare. RAFT, raft. pret. of reave, or raff. Bereft. Spenser. Rent; severed. Spenser. RATTERS, raf-tur. 98. n. s. [pseptep, Sax.; rafter, Dutch.] The secondary timbers of the house ; the timbers which are let into the great beam. Donne.. RAFTERED, raf-tur'd. 359. a. Built with rafters. Pope. RA'FTY*, raf -te. a. Damp ; musty. Dr. Robin- son. RAG §, rag. 74. n. s. [hjiacob, Sax.] A piece of cloth torn from the rest; a tatter. Milton. Any thing rent and tattered ; worn-out clothes ; prover- bially, mean dress. Shak. A fragment of dress. Hudibras. A vulgar person ; one of very low rank. Spenser. A ragged bluish stone, of which whetstones are made. To RAG*, rag. v. a. [ppe^ian, Sax.] To rate; to scold opprobriously. Pegge. RAGAMU'FFIN, rag-a-inuf-fln. n. s. A paltry, mean fellow. Shakspeare. RAGE^ radje. n. s. [rage, Fr.] Violent anger; vehement fury. SJiak. Vehemence or exacerba- tion of any thing painful. Bacon. Enthusiasm ; rapture. Cowley. Eagerness ; vehemence of mind : as' a rage of money-getting. Pope. To RAGE, radje. 74. v. n. To be in fury ; to be heated with excessive anger. Prov. xx. To rav- age ; to exercise fury. Waller. To act with mis- chievous impetuosity. Nah. ii. To toy wantonly ; to pi a}'. Gower. RA'GEFUL, radje'-ful. a. Furious; violent. Sid- ney. RA'GERY*. ra'-jur-e. n. s. Wantonness. Chaucer. Ob. T. RA'GGED§, rag'-gld. 99,381. a. [hpacob, Sax.] Rent into tatters. Shak. Uneven ; consisting of parts almost disunited. Isaiah, ii. Dressed in tat- lers. Dryden. Rugged ; not smooth. Dry den. Not smooth to the ear. Sliakspeare. RA'GGEDNESS, rag'-gfd-nes. n. s. State of being dressed in tatters. Stiak. Unevenness, as of rocks. Huloet. KA'GING*, ra'-jlng. n. s. Violence; impetuosity. Psalm lxxxix. ItA'GINGLY, ra/-jmg-le. ad. With vehement fury. Bp. Hall. RA'GMAN, rag'-man. 88. n. s. One who deals in rags. Dr. Rawlinson. RAGMAN-ROLL*. See Rigmarole. RAGOUT, ra-gda'.n.*. [Fr.] Meat stewed and highly seasoned. South. RA'GSTONE, rag / -st6ne. n. s. [rag and stone.'] A stone so named from its breaking m a ragged, un- certain, irregular manner. Woodward. Ane stone with which they smooth the edge of a tool new f round and left ragged. 'GWORT, rag'-wfirt. 166. n. s. A plant. Miller. RAIL §, rale. 202. n. s. [riegel, Germ.] A cross beam fixed at the ends in two upright posts. Moxon, A series of posts connected with beams, b) T which anything is enclosed: a pale is a series of small upright posts rising above the cross beam, by which they are connected : a rail is a series of cross beams supported with posts, which do not rise much above it. Bacon. A kind of bird. Ca- rew. [paegel, Sax.] A woman's upper garment Beaumont and Fletcher. To RAIL, rale. v. a. To enclose with rails. Carew To range in a line. Bacon. To RAIL §, rale. v. n. [railler, Fr.] To use insolent and reproachful language ; to speak to, or to mei>- tion in opprobrious terms. Sliakspeare. To RAIL*, rale, v. n. [raier, old Fr.] To flow, Spen- ser. RAFLER, rale'-ur. 98. n. s. One who insults or de- fames by opprobrious language. 1 Cor. v. RAILING*, ra'-llng. n.s. Insolent and reproachful language. 1 Tim.v'i. Rails which enclose a place : as, the iron railing. RAFLINGLY*, raMfng-le. ad. Scoffingly; like a scoffer. Huloet. RAFLLERY, ral'-lgr-e. n. s. [raillerie, Fr.] Slight satire ; satirical merriment. B. Jonson. 35=" We must not suppose this word to be the offspring of the English word to rati, however nearly they may be sometimes allied in practice. Raillery comes directly from the French word raillerie ; and, in compliment to that language for the assistance it so often affords us, we pronounce the first syllable nearly as in the original. This, however, is not a mere compliment, like the gen- erality of those we pay the French ; for, were we to pronounce the first syllable like rail, it might obscure and pervert the meaning. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, pronounce it as I have marked it. W. RAILLEUR*. n.s. [Fr.] A jester; a mocker. Sprat. Ob. T. RAFMENT, ra'-ment. 202. n.s. [for arraiment, from array.] Vesture; vestment; dress; garment. Sid- ney. To RAIN §, rane. 202. v. n. [penian, Sax.] To fall in drops from the clouds. Dryden. To fall as rain. Ecclus. xliii. — It rains. The water falls from the clouds. Shakspeare. To RAIN, rane. v. a. To pour down as rain. Psalm lxxviii. RAIN, rane. n. s. [pen, Sax.] The moisture that falls from the clouds. Wisd. xvi. Any shower. Dry- den. A furrow, or the lower part of the ridge, in some parts of England. Wijnne. RAFNBEAT*, rane'-beet. a. [rain and beat.] Injur- ed by rain. Bp. Hall. RAFNBOW, rane-b6. 327. n. s. [rain and bow.] The iris ; the semicircle of various colours which appears in shower)' weather. Sidney. RA INDEER, rane'-deer. n. s. [hpanaj-, Sax.] A deer with large horns, which, in the northern re- gions, draws sledges through the snow. Spectator. RAFNINESS^ane'-e-nes. n.s. The state of being showery. RAIN-WATER, rane'-wa-tur. n. s. Water not taken from springs, but falling from the clouds. Shakspeare. RAFN Y, rane'-e. a. [peni£, Sax.] Showery ; wet ; moist. Prov. xxvii. RAIP*, rape. n. s. [refiva, formerly repwa, Sueth.] A rod to measure ground. Diet. Rust. To RAISE§, raze. 202. v. a. [resa, Swed ; reiser, Dan.] To lift ; to heave. 2 Sam. xii. To ?pt up right : as, He raised a mast. To erect ; to build up. Jos. viii. To exalt to a state more great or il- lustrious. Bacon. To amplify ; to enlarge. Slutk. To increase in current value. Temple. To ele- vate ; to exalt. Prior. To advance ; to promote ; to prefer. Clarendon. To excite ; to put in action. Psalm cvii. To excite to war or tumult ; to stir up. Acts, xxiv. To rouse ; to stir up. Job. To give be- ginning of importance to : as, He raised the family. To bring into being. Milton. To call into view from the state of separate spirits. Sandijs. To bring from death to life. Rom. iv. To occasion ; to begin, Ex. xxiii. To set up ; to utter loudly. Dryden. To collect ; to obtain a certain sum. Arbuthnot. To col- lect ; to assemble ; to ievy. Milton. To give nse to Milton. To procure to be bred or propagated : as. He raised sheep ; He raised wheat where hone grew before.— To raise paste. To form paste into pies without a dish. Sveclator. To raise the siege. To 750 RAM RAN -no-, move, n6r, not;— tube, tub, bull ; — 6!l ; — p6ur d 5 — i/iin, THis. relinquish the attack of a place, and the works thrown up against it. RAISER, rize'-ur. 93. n.s. One that raises, Dan.xi. RAFSIN, re'-z'n. [re'-zn, Jones ; riizn, or rezn, Ful- ton and KnigJit.] n.s. [raisin, Fr.] Tlie fruit of the vine suffered to remain on the tree till perfectly ripened, and then dried ; grapes of every kind, preserved in this manner, are called raisins. Hill. §^r" If antiquity can give a sanction to the pronunciation of a word, this may be traced as far back as the days of Queen Elizabeth. Falstaff, in the first part of Henry the Fourth, being urged by the prince to give reastms 1 for his conduct, tciis him, that if raisins were as plenty I as blackberries, he would not give him one upon com- j pulsion. This pun evidently shows these words were j pronounced exactly alike in Shakspeare's time, and that Mr. Sheridan's pronunciation of this word, as if written rays , n j is not only contrary to general usage, but — what many would think a greater offence — destructive of the wit of Shakspeare. Mr. Sheridan has Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and W. Johnston, op his side ; and I have Dr. Ken rick and Mr. Nares on mine. W. RA'JAH*, ra/-ja. n. s. A title given to Hindoo chiefs: it signifies prince. RAKE§, rake. n. s. [paca, p.ace, Sax.] An instru- ment with teeth, by which the ground is divided, or light bodies are gathered up. Ttisser. [racaille, Fr. ; rekel, Dutch.] A loose, disorderly, vicious, wild, gay, thoughtless fellow ; a man addicted to pleasure. Addison. — As lean as a rake. As lean as a dog too worthless to be fed, or perhaps an al- lusion to the thin, taper form of the instrument made use of by havmakers. Chaucer. To RAKE, fake. v. a. [jiacian, Sax.] To gather with a rake. Tusser. To clear with a rake. Thomson. To draw together by violence. Hook- er. To scour ; to search with eager and vehement diligence. Swift.. To heap together and cover. Shak. To pass swiftly and violently over ; to scour. Sandys. To cannonade a ship on the stern or head, so that the balls shall scour the whole length of the decks. To RAKE, rake. w. n. To search ; to grope. Shak. To pass with violence. Sidney. To play the part of a rake. Shenstone. RA'KEHELM, rake'-hel n. s. [rakel, hasty, rash.] A wild, worthless, dissolute, debauched, sorry fel- low. Bacon. RA'KEHELL* rake'-hel. a. Base ; wild 5 outcast ; worthless. Spenser. KA'KEHELLY, rake'-hel-le. a. Wild 5 dissolute. B. Jonson. RAKER, rake'-ur. n. s. One that rakes. RA'KESHAME*, rake'-shame. n. s. A base, rascal- ly fellow. Milton. KA'KISH, rake'-lsh. a. Loose ; lewd ; dissolute. Richardson. To RA'LLYS, ral'-le. v. a. [rallier, Fr.] To put dis- ordered or dispersed forces into order. Milton. To treat with slight contempt) to treat with satirical merriment. Addison. 2'oRA'LLY, ral'-le. v. n. To come together in a hurry. Tillotson. To come again into order. Drijden. To exercise satirical merriment. Swift. RA'LLY*, raF-le. n.s. Act of putting disordered or dispersed forces into order. Exercise of satirical merriment. RAM§, ram. n.s. [nam, Sax.] A male sheep; in some provinces, a tup. Sfrnkspeai-e. Aries, the ver- nal sign. Creech. An instrument with an iron head to batter walls. Shakspeare. To RAM, ram. v. a. To drive by violence, as with a battering ram. Shak. To fill with any thing driven hard together. Spenser. RA'MAGE, ram'-mldje. n. s. [ramage, Fr.] Boughs, branches, or any thing that belongs thereto; hence the wa'-bling of birds as they sit on boughs. Drum. RA'MAGE*, ram'-mldje. a. [ramaage, old Fr.] Wild ; shy. Chaucer. To RA'MAGE. See To Rummage. To RA'MBLES, ram'-bl. 405. v. n. [rammelen, Dut. or probably an abbreviation of the Lat. perambulo.'] To rove loosely and irregularly j to wander. Locke. RA'MBLE, ram'-bl. n. s. Wandering ; irregular ex- cursion. Swift. RA MBLER, ram'-bl-fir. 98. n.s. Rover ; wanderer U Estrange. RA'MBLING*, ram'-bl-lng n.s. Wandering; irreg- ular excursion. South. RA'MBOOZE, I - b56 , 5 n. s. A drink made RA'MBUSE, ^ ram - w>0ze - ^ of wine, ale, eggs, and sugar, in the winler time ; or of wine, nnlk, sugar, and rosewater, in the summer time. Bailey. RA'MEKIN, raW-me-kin. )n. s. [ramequi?is, RA'MEQUINS, ram'-me-klnz. \ Fr.] [In cookery.] Small slices of bread covered with a farce of cheese and eggs.' Bailey. RA'MEISfTS, ra'-ments. n. s. [ramenta, Lat.] Scrap- ings ; shavings. Diet. RAMIFICA'TION, ram-me-fe-ka'-shfin. n.s. [ram- if cation, Fr. ; from ramus, Lat.] Division or sep- aration into branches; the act of branching out. Hale. Small branches. Arbulhnot. To RA'ftIIFY§, ram'-me-fl. 183. v. a. [ramifer, Fr.] To separate into branches. Boyle. To RA'MIFY, ram'-me-fl. v. n. To be parted into branches. Arbulhnot. RA'MMER, ram'-mur. 98. n. s. An instrument with which any thing is driven hard. Moxon. The slick with which the charge is forced into the gmu Wiseman. RA'MMISH, ram'-mish. a. Strong-scented. Chaucer. RA'MOUS, ra'-mtis. 314. a. [ramus, Lat.] Branchy j consisting of branches. Neicton. To RAMP §, ramp. », n. [ramper, Fr. ; jiempen, Sax.] To leap with violence ; to rage. Chaucti To sport ; to play ; to romp. Milton. To climb as a plant. Milton. RAMP, ramp. n. s. Leap ; spring. Shakspeare. RAMPA'LLIAN, ram-pal'-yan. 113. n. s. A mean wretch. Shakspeare. Ob. J. RA'MPANCY, ram'-pan-se. n. s. Prevalence 3 exin- berance. More. RA'MPANT, ramp'-ant. a. [Fr. ; pempenb, Sax.] Exuberant; overgrowing restraint. South. [Iu heraldry.] Rampant is when the lion is reared up in the escutcheon, as it were ready to combat with his enemy. Peacham. RA'MPART§, ram'-part. ) n.s. [rempart, Fr.] The RA'MPIRE§, ram'-plre. ] platform of the wall be- hind the parapet. The wall round fortified places, Sidney. $5= Mr. Sheridan spells this word rampyr, and pronounc- es the y in the last syllable short : but this is contrary to Dr. Johnson's orthography, and the pronunciation is in opposition to analogy. See Umpire. W. To RA'MPART, ram'-part. \ v. a. To fortify with To RA'MPIRE, ram'-plre. $ ramparts. Sir H. Sidney. RA'MPION, ram'-pe-On. n. s. A plant. Miller. RA'MSONS, ram'-zunz. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. RAN, rzn.pret. of run. To RANCH, ransh. r. a. [corrupted from wrench] To sprain j to injure with violent contortion. Dry- den. RA'NCID§, ran'-s?d. a. [rancidus, Lat.] Strong- scented. Arbuthnot. RA'NCIDNESS, ran'-sfd-ne's. ) n.s Strongscent, as RANCIDITY, ran-sld'-e-te. \ of old grease or oil. White. RA'NCOROUS, rang'-kur-iis. 314. a. Malignant, malicious ; spiteful in the utmost degree. Spenser. RA'NCOROUSLY, rang'-kur-fis-le. ad. Malig- nantly. RA'NCOUR^, rang'-kur. 314. n.s. [rancoeur, old Fr.] Inveterate malignity ; malice ; steadfast impla ■ cability; standing hate. Tussa: Virulence ; cor- ruption. Shakspeare. RAND, rand. n.s. [panb, Sax.] Border; seam; shred ; piece cut out. Btnimont and Fletcher. RA'NDOM §, ran'-dum. 165. n. s. [randan, Fr.] Watfi of direction; want of rule or method; chance hazard ; roving motion. Spenser. RA'NDOM, ran'-dum. a. Done by chance j roving without direction. Dryden. 751 RAN RAP 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pm;- RA'NDY*, rari-de. a. Riotous ; obstreperous ; disor- derly. Grose. RA'NFORCE, ran'-f6rse. n. s. The ring of a gun next to the touch hole. Bailey. RANG, rang, pret- of ring. Grew. To RANGER ranje. 74. v. a. [ranger,Fr.] To place in order ; to put in ranks. 2 Mace. xii. To rove over. Gay. \_rangen, Dutch.] To separate the flour from the bran; to range through a sieve. Huloet. To RANGE, ranje. v. n. To rove at large. Shak. To be placed in order; to be ranked properly. SJialc. To lie in a particular direction. Drayton. RANGE, ranje. n.s. [rarigee, Fr.] A rank ; anything placed in a line. Newton. A class; an order. Hale. Excursion ; wandering. South. Room for excursion. Addison. Compass taken in by any thing excursive, extended, or ranked in order. Fell. Step of a ladder. Clarendon. A kitchen grate. Spenser. A bolting sieve to sift meal. Diet. RA'NGER, rsW-jur. 98. n.s. One that ranges; a rover ; a robber. Spenser. A dog that beats the ground. Gay. An officer who tends the game of a forest. Dry den. RA'NGERSHIP*, ran'-j&r-shlp. n.s. Office of the keeper of a park or forest. RANK §, rangk. 408. a. [pane. Sax.] High-growing; strong; luxuriant. Tusser. Fruitful; bearing strong- plants. Sandys, [rancidus, Lat.] Strong-scented ; rancid. Spenser. High-tasted ; strong in quality. Ray. Rampant ; high-grown ; raised to a high de- gree. Shak. Gross ; coarse. Shah. The iron of a plane is set rank, when its edge stands so flat be- low the sole of the plane, that in working it will take off a thick shaving. Moxon. RANK*, rangk. W. Strongly; violently; fiercely. RA.NK$, rangk. n. s. [renc,Arm. ; penc, Sax.] Line of men placed abreast. Shak. A row. Milton. Range of subordination. Wilkins. Class ; order. Atterbury. Degree of dignity ; eminence; or ex- cellence. Dryden. Dignity ; high place : as, He is a man of rank. To RANK, rangk. v. a. [ranger, Fr.] To place abreast. Milton. To range in any particular class. Shakspeare. To arrange methodically. Selden. To RANK, rangk. v.n. To be ranged ; to be placed. Shakspeare. RA'NKER*, rangk'-ar. n. s. One who places or ar- ranges. To RA'NKLE, rangk'-kl. v. n. To fester ; to breed corruption ; to be inflamed in body or mind. Spen- ser. RA'NKLY, rangk'-le. ad. Luxuriantly ; abundantly. Spenser. Rancidly ; with strong scent. More. Coarsely; grossly. Shakspeare. RA/NKNESS, rangk'-nes. n.s. [pancnerye, Sax.] Exuberance; superfluity of growth. Hooker. Strong- scent. Bp. Taijlor. RA'NNY, ran'-ne. n. s. The shrewmouse. Brown. To RA'NSACK, ran'-sak. v. a. [ransaka, Su. Goth.] To plunder ; to pillage. Spenser. To search nar- rowly. Woodward. To violate ; to deflower. Spenser. RA'NSOM §, ran'-sfim. 166. n. s. [rangon, Fr. ; ransun, Sueth. ant.] Price paid for redemption from cap- tivity or punishment. Davies. To RA'NSOM, ran'-sQm. v. a. [rangonner, Fr.] To redeem from captivity or punishment. Hos. xiii. RA'NSOMER, ran'-sum-ur. n. s. One that redeems. Old Morality of every Man. RA'NSOMLESSjran'-sum-les.a. Free from ransom. Shakspeare. To RANT§, rant. v. n. [randen, Dutch.] To rave in violent or high-sounding language, without propor- tionable dignity of thought. Shakspeare. RANT, rant. n. s. High-sounding language unsup- ported by dignity of thought. Granville. RA'NTEl^ranV-ur. 98. n. s. A ranting fellow ; one ot a wretched sect called Ranters. Bp. Hall. RANT1POLE, rant'-e-p6le. a. [from rant.] Wild; roving ; rakish. Congreve. A low word. To RA'NTIPOLE, rant'-e-p6le. v. n. To run about wildly. Arbuthnot. RA'NTISM* ran'-tfzm. n, s. Tenets of the wretches called Ranters. Bp. Rust. RA'NTY* ran'-te. a. Wild ; mad. RA'NULA, ran'-nu-la. 92. n.s. [Lat.] A soft swell ing, possessing the salivals under the tongue. Wise- man. RANUNCULUS, ra-nung'-ku-lus. n. s. Crowfoot. Mortimer. RAP§, rap. n. s. [rapp, Su. Goth.] A quick, smart blow ; a knock. Arbuthnot. Counterfeit coin ; a sort of canUerm, perhaps from rapparee. Swift. To RAP, rap. v. n. [hpgeppan, Sax. ; rapp, Su. Goth.] To strike with a quick, smart blow ; to knock. Sfiakspcare. To RAP, rap. v. a. To strike with a quick, smart blow. Shakspeare. To RAP out. [rap, Dutch.] To utter with hasty vio- lence. Skelton. To RAP§, rap. v. a. [from rapio extra se, Lat.] To affect with rapture ; to strike with ecstasy ; to hur- ry out of himself. Hooker. To snatch away. Spen- ser. To seize by violence. Mirror for Magistrates. To exchange ; to truck. To RAP and rend, [more properly rap and ran ; paepan, Sax. ; and rana, Icelandick.] To seize by violence. Hudibras. RAPA'CIOUSS, ra-pa'-shfts. a. [rapace, Fr. ; rapax., Lat.] Given to plunder} seizing by violence; ravenous. Bp. Taylor. RAPACIOUSLY, ra-pa'-shus-le. ad. By rapine ; by violent robber}'. RAPA'CIOUSNESS, ra-pa/-shus-nes. n. s. The quality of being rapacious. Burke. RAPA'CITY, ra-pas'-se-le. n. s. [rapacitas, Lat.] Addictedness to plunder; exercise of plunder; ravenousness. Sprat. RAPE, rape. n. s. [rapt, Fr. ; raplus, Lat.] Violent defloration of chastity. Bacon. Privation ; act of taking away. Chapman. Something snatched away. Sa7idys. Fruit plucked from the cluster Ray. [Iireppr, Ice!.] A division in the county of Sussex. Blackstone. A plant, from the seed of which oil is expressed. RATID§, rap'-ld. a. [rapidus. Lat.] Quick; swift Milton. RAPl'DIT Y, ra-pM'-e-te. n. s. [rapidite, Fr.] Celer ity; velocity; swiftness. Addison. RA*'PIDLY, rap'-fa-le. ad. Swiftly; with quick mo- tion. Warion. RATIDNESS, rap'-ld-nes. n. s. Celerity j swift ness. RA'PIER, ra'-pe-er. 113. n.s. [rapier, Germ.] A sort of sword used only in thrusting. Shakspeare. RAPIER-FISH, ra'-pe-er-flsh. n. s. The sword-fish. Grew. RATINE §, rap'-ln. 140. n. s. [rapina, Lat. ; rapine, Fr.] The act of plundering. King Cluirks. Vio- lence ; force. Milton. To RATINE*, rap'-m. v. a. To plunder. Sir J. Buck. Oh. T. RAPPAREE'*, rap-pa-ree'. n. s. A wild Irish plun- derer, so called from his being armed with a ha!/ pike, termed by the Irish a rapery. Burnet. RATPER, rap'-pur. 98. n. s. One who strikes. The knocker of a door. An oath, or a lie. Bp. Parker. RATPORT, rap-p6rt 7 . n. s. [rappat, Fr.] Relation reference ; proportion. Temple. Not used. To RAPT, rapt. v. a. To ravish ; to put in ecstasy. Chapman. RAPT, rapt. n. s. A trance ; an ecstasy. Bp. Mor- ton. Rapidity. Brown. RATTOR*, or RATTER*, rap'-tfir. n. s. [raptor, Lat.] A ravisher; a plunderer. Drayton. RATTURE^ rap'-tshure. 461. n.s. Violent seizure. Chapman. Ecstasy ; transport ; violence of any pleasing passion ; enthusiasm ; uncommon heat of imagination. Holydau. Rapidity; haste. Mil- ton. RATTURED, rap'-tshur'd. 359. a. Ravished j trans ported. Thomson. A bad word. 752 RAS RAT — nd, m6ve, nor, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pS&nd ; — tlnn, THis. RA'PTURIST*, rap'-tshur-lst. n. s. An enthusiast. Spenser. Ob. T. RATTUROUS, rap'-tshur-us. 314. a. Ecstatick; transporting - . Blackmore. RAREy, rare. a. [rams, Lat. ; rare, Fr.] Scarce ; uncommon ; not frequent. Shak. Excellent ; in- comparable ; valuable to a degree seldom found. Cowley. Thinly scattered. Milton. Thin j subtile ; not dense. Bacon. Raw 5 not fully subdued by the fire. Dryden. RA'REESHOW, ra'-re-sh6. n.s. [rare show.'] A show carried in a box. Pope. RAREFACTION, rar-re-fak'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Ex- tension of the parts of a body, that makes it take up more room than it did before : contrary to con- densation. Wotton. RA'REFIABLE, rar'-re-fl-a-bl. a. Admitting rare- faction. To RAREFY $, rar'-re-fl. 183. v. a. [rarejzer, Fr. • rare and fi.o, Lat.] To make thin : contrary to con- dense. Thomson. ToRA'REFY, rar'-re-fl. v.n. To become thin. Dryden. RARELY, rare'-le. ad. Seldom; not often; not frequently. Fell. Finely 3 nicely ; accurately. Slwkspeare. , RA'RENESS, rare'-nes. n. s. Uncommonness ; state of happening seidom ; infrequency. Bacon. Value arising from scarcity. Bacon. Thinness ; tenuity. Distance from each other; thinness. RA'RITY, ra'-re-te. n. s. [rarite, Fr. ; raritas, Lat.] Uncommonness ; infrequency. Spectator. A thing valued for its scarcity. Slmkspeare. RARITY, rar'-e-te. 530. n. s. Thinness ; subtilty : the contrary to density. Bentley. 9^= The difference in the pronunciation of these words is not only necessary to convey their different signifi- cation, but to show their different etymology. The first comes to us from the French rarete, and the last from the Latin raritas ,■ which, therefore, according to the most settled analogy of our language, ought to have the antepenultimate syllable short. — See Principles, No. 511 ; also the word Chastity. W. RA'SCAL §, ras'-kal. 88. n. s. [payeal, Sax.] A mean fellow; a scoundrel; a sorry wretch. Sluik. A lean deer : still in use. Drayton. RA'SCAL*, ras'-kal. a. Mean; low. Spenser. RASCA LLION, ras-kal'-yun. 113. n. s. One of the lowest people. Hudibras. RASCALITY, ras-kal'-e-te. n. s. The low, mean people. Glanville. RA'SCALL Y, ras'-kal-e. a. Mean ; sorry ; base ; worthless. Shakspeare. To RASE §, raze, or rase. v. a. [written rase or raze.] [j-aser, Fr. ; rasus, Lat.] To skim ; to strike on the surface. Shak. To overthrow ; to destroy ; to root up. Milton. To blot out by rasure ; to erase. Bp. Fisher. J)^= There seems to be no small difficulty in settling the orthography and pronunciation of this word. Dr. John- son advises, when it signifies to strike slightly, to write it rase ; and when it signifies to ruin, raze. Whatever may be the utility of this distinction to the eye, the ear seems to have made no such distinction in the sound of the s ; as graze, which is evidently form- ed from this word, and seems to have been adopted for the purpose of signifying to strike slightly, has pre- served the z ; while erase, which means to destroy, to expunge, to take away entirely, is by all our orthoe- pists, except Dr. Kenrick, pronounced with the 5 pure. But rase, whether signifying to strike slightly, or to overthrow, has been so generally pronounced with the s like z, that most of our writers have adopted the lat- ter character ; and this sound, it may be observed, seems more agreeable to the analogy of verbs in this termination than that in erase. 437, 467. But, as noth- ing seems to be more fixed in the language than the sharp hissing sound of s in erase, so, if analogy and usage were to compound the difference, perhaps it. would be easier to bring rase to the sound of race, as Mr. Elphinston has done, than erase to the sound of eraze, as Dr. Kenrick has done: but to sound it with the hissing s, when it. is written raze, as Mr. Sheridan has done, is a solecism in pronunciation ; for, though s often goes into the sound of z, z never goes into that of* The confusion observable among our authors in this word sufficiently shows how inconvenient it is to make the same letters sound differently when a different sense is conveyed. Dr. Johnson seems aware of this when he recommends a different orthography for this word, as it acquires a different meaning ; but he does not tell us whether rase is to be pronounced like race or raze ; nor do any of our orthoepists make this dis- tinction of sound according to the sense. With great deference to Dr. Johnson, perhaps such a distinction, both in sound and spelling, is unnecessary and embar- rassing. The best way, therefore, in my opinion, will be always to spell this word with the z as in razor, and to pronounce it with the z when it is written rase. —See Bowl. W. RASE. n.s. A cancel. A slight wound. Hooker RASH§, rash. a. [rasch, Dut.; rask, Suelh.J Hasty, violent; precipitate; acting without caution or re- flection. Ascham. Hasty; requiring haste. Shak Quick; sudden : as, rash gunpowder. Sluik. Cora so dry in the straw that it falls out with handling. Grose. RASH, rash. n. s. [rascia, Ital.] Satin. Minshew. [corrupted probably from rush, or rouge, red.] An efflorescence on the body ; a breaking out. To RASH*, rash. v. a. [raschiare, Ital.] To cut into pieces ; to divide ; to split asunder. Spenser. RA'SHER, rash'-ur. 98. n. s. A thin slice of bacon. Shakspeare. RA'SHLY, rash'-le. ad. Hastily; violently; without due consideration. Sliakspeare. RA'SHNESS, rash'-nes. n. s. Foolish contempt of danger; inconsiderate heat of temper; precipita- tion ; temerity. Hooker. RASP, rasp. n. s. [raspo, Ital.] A delicious berry that grows on a species of the bramble j a raspber- ry. Bacon. To RASP y, rasp. v. a. [raspen, Germ. ; rasper, Fr.] To rub to powder with a very rough file. Wise- man. RASP, rasp. n. s. A large, rough file, commonly used to wear away wood. Moxon. RA'SPATORF, rasp'-a-tfir-e. n. s. [raspatoire, Fr.] A chirurgeon's rasp. Wiseman. RA'SPER*, ras'-pur. n. s. A scraper. Sherwood. RASPBERRY, cr Rasberry, ras'-ber-e. [rasp'- ber-re, Ferry.] n. s. A kind of berry. Morti- mer. RASFBERRY-BUSH, ras'-ber-re-bfish. n. s. A species of bramble. RA'SURE, ra'-zhure. 452. [See Rase.] n.s. [rasu- ra. Lat.] The act of scraping or shaving. Bp. Fisher. A mark in a writing where something has been rubbed out. Ayliffe. RAT y , rat. n. s. [ratte, Dutch ; rat, Fr,] An animal of the mouse kind that infests houses and ships. Shak. — To smell a rat. To be put on the watch by suspicion, as the cat by the scent of a rat ; to sus- pect danger. Hudibras. RA'TABLE, ta'-ta-bl. a. [from rate.] Set at a cer- tain value. Camden. RA'TABLY, ra'-ta-bl£. ad. Proportionably. RATAFFA, rat-a-fe'-a. n.s. A liquor prepared from the kernels of apricots and spirits. Congreve. RATA'N, rat-tan', n. s. An Indian cane. RATCH, ratsh. n. s. [In clockwork.] A sort of wheel which serves to lift up the detents every hour, and thereby make the clock strike. Bailey. RATE y , rate. n. s. [ratus, Lat. ; rate, old Fr.] Price fixed on any thing. Locke. Allowance settled. 2 Kings, xxv. Degree ; comparative height or value. Shak. Quantity assignable. Shc.i. Prin- ciple on which value is set. South. Manner of do- ing any thing; degree to which any thing is done. Shak. Tax imposed by the parish. Prior. To RATE, rate. v. a. To value at a certain price. Shak. [reita, Icel. ; reta, Goth. ; rata, Sueth.] To chide hastily and vehemently. Shakspeare. To RATE, rale. v. n. To make an estimate. Ket tlewell. RA'TER*, ra'-tur. n.s. One who makes an estimate. Whitlock. RATH, xkh, n.s. A hill. Spenser. 753 RAT RAV KT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— RATH§, Ath. a. [pacS, hpeeS, Sax.] Early; soon ; | coming before the usual time. Wicliffe. Ob. J. RATH*, rath. ad. [pa£? ; Sax.] Soon; betimes; early. Cluxucer. RA'THER, raTH'-ur, or ra/-THur. ad. [(his is a comparative from rath; paSop, Sax.] More wil- lingly ; with better liking. Common Prayer. Pref- erably to the other ; with better reason. Locke. In a greater degree than otherwise. Dryden. More properly. Shak. Especially. Shak. — To Iwve rather. To desire in preference. Rogers. ft^T Dr. Johnson tells us, that this word is the compara- tive of rath, a Saxon word, signifying somi, and that it still retains its original signification ; as we may say, "I would sooner do a thing," with as much propriety as, " I would rather do it." Some very respectable speakers pronounce this word with the first syllable like that in ra-ven ; and Mr. Narcs has adopted this pronunciation. Dr. Ash and Bailey seem to be of the same opinion ; but all the other orthoepists, from whom we can certainly know the quantity of the vowel, as, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, and Entick, make it short. There is a pronunciation of this, and some few other words, which may not improperly be called diminutive. Thus, in familiar conversation, when we wish to express very little, we sometimes lengthen the vowel, and pronounce the word as if written leetle. In the same manner, when rather signifies just preferable, we lengthen the first vowel, and pronounce it long and slender, as if written rayther ; and this, perhaps, may be the reason that the long slender sound of the vowel has 60 much obtained ; for usage seems to be clearly on the side of the other pronunciation, and analogy requires it, as this word is but the old comparative of the word rath, soon. W. RATIFIA t, rat-e-fee'. n.s. A liquor, flavoured with fruit kernels. RATIFICATION, rat-te-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. The act of ratifying ; confirmation. RATIFIER, rat'-te-fl-ur. 98. n. s. The person or thing that ratifies. Shakspeare. To RATIFY §, rat'-le-fl. v. a. [ratifer, Fr. ; ratnm fario, Lat.] To confirm ; to settle ; to establish. Hooker. RA'TING* ra'-l?ng. n. s. Chiding ; scolding. Locke. RA' TW, ra'-she-6. n. s. [Lat.] The relation which one thing has to another of the same kind, in re- spect to magnitude or quantity; rule of propor- tion. Chetjne. To RATIOCINATE §, rash-e-6s'-e-nate. v. n. [ra- iiocinor, Lat.] To reason ; to argue. Sir W. Petty. RATIOCINATION, rash-e-6s-e-na'-shun. 536. n.s. The act of reasoning; the act of deducing conse- quences from premises. Brown. RATIO'CINATIVE, rash-e-os'-e-na-uV. a. Argu- mentative; advancing by process of discourse. Hale. RA'TION*, vk'-sh&n. n.s. [Fr.] A certain allow- ance, or share of provisions. Burke. RATIONAL §, rash'-fin-al. 507. a. [rational, Fr. ; rationalis, Lat.] Having the power of reasoning. Hammond. Agreeable to reason. Milton. Wise ; judicious : as, a rational man. RATIONAL*, rash'-un-al. n. s. A rational being. Young. RATIONALE, ra-she-6-na'-le. n. s. A detail with reasons. Blackwall. RA'TIONALIST, raslv-un-al-l?st. n. s. One who proceeds in his disquisitions and practice wholly upon reason. Bacon. RATIONALITY, rash-e-6-nal'-e-te. n. s. The pow- er of reasoning. Gov. of the Tongue. Reasona- bleness. Brown. RATIONALLY, rash'-un-al- e. ad. Reasonably; with reason. South. RATIONALNESS, rash'-un-al -nes. n. s. The state of being rational. RA'TSBANE §, rats' -bane. n. s. [rat and ba?ie.] Poison for rats ; arsenick. L' Estrange. RATSBANED*, rats'-band. a. Poisoned by rats- bane. Junius. KATTE'EN, rat-teen', n. s. A kind of stuff. Sicift. To RATTLE § ; rat'-tl. 405. v.n. [ratelen, Dutch.] To make a quick, sharp noise, with frequent repe titions and collisions of bodies not very sonorous < when bodies are sonorous, it is called jingling. Job, xxxix. To speak eagerly and noisily. Dryden. To RATTLE, rat'-tl. v. a. To move any thing so as to make a rattle or noise. Dryden. To stun with a noise; to drive with a noise. Shak. To scold; to rail at with clamour. Arlmthnot. RA'TTLE, rat'-tl. n.s. A quick noise nimbly re- peated. Prior. Empty and loud talk. Hakewill. An instrument which agitated makes a clattering noise. Raleigh. A plant. An herb resembling a cock's comb ; louse-wort. RA'TTLEHEADED, ral'-tl-hed-ed. a. Giddy; not steady. RATTLESNAKE, rat'-tl-snake. n. s. A kind of serpent. Grew. J r r r r RATTLESNAKE Root, rat'-tl-snake-r65t. n. s. A plant, a native of Virginia ; used as a remedy against the bite of a rattlesnake. Hill. RATTLING*, rat'-tl-mg. n. s. Noise produced by the wheels of a carriage in swift motion ; any re- peated noise. Nah. iii. RATTOONt, rat-toon', rc. s. A West-Indian fox. RAU'CITY $,raw'-se-te. n. s. [raucus, Lat.] Hoarse- ness ; loud, rough noise. Bacon. RAU'COUS*, raw'-kus. a. Hoarse ; harsh. Tr. of Buff on. RAUGHT, rawt. The old pret. and part. pass, of reach. Snatched ; reached ; attained Spenser. To RAUNCH*. See To Wrench. To RA'VAGE § ; rav'-vldje. 90. v. a. [ravager, Fr.} To lay waste ; to sack ; to ransack ; to spoil ; to pillage; to plunder. Addison. RA'VAGE, rav'-vldje. n. s. Spoil; ruin; waste. Dryden. RAVAGER, rav'-vfdje-ur. 98. n. s. Plunderer ; spoiler. To RAVE §, rave. v. n. [reven, Dutch ; river, Fr.] To be delirious; to talk irrationally. Wiseman. To burst out into furious exclamations, as if mad. Sandys. To be unreasonably fond. Locke. :ToRA'VEL§, rav'-vl. 102. v. a. [ravelen, Dutch.] To entangle ; to entwist one with another ; to make intricate; to involve. Waller. To unweave; to unknit : as, to ravel out a twist or piece of knit work. Shak. To hurry over in confusion. Digby. To RA'VEL, rav'-vl. v. n. To fall into perplexity or confusion. Shak. To work in perplexity; to busy himself with intricacies. Temple. To be un- woven. Spenser. RA 1 VEL1N, rav'-lin. n. s. [Fr.] [In fortification. A work that consists of two faces, that make a sa- lient anjjle, commonly called half moon by the so»- diers. Vict. RAVENS, ra'-vn. 103. n. s. [hpsepn, Sax.] A large, black fowl, said to be remarkably voracious. Shakspeare. To RAVEN, rav'-vn. 103. v. a. [pe apian, Sax.] To obtain by violence ; to reave. Hakewill. To devour with great eagerness and rapacity. Shak. To RA'VEN, rav'-vn. v. n. To prey with rapacity. Gen. xl. RAVENER*, rav'-vn-ur. n. s. One that plunders. Gower. RA'VENING*, rav'-vn-?ng. n. s. Violence ; propen- sity to plunder. St. Luke, xi. RA'VENOUS, rav'-vn-us. a. Furiously voracious ; hungry to rage. Ezek. xxxix. RAVENOUSLY, rav'-vn-us-le. ad. With raging voracity. Burnet, RAVEN OUSNESS, rav'-vn-us-nes. n. s. Rage for prey ; furious voracity. Hale. RA'VER*, ra'-vur. n. s. One who raves. Sher- ipoed. RA'VIN, rav'-?n. n. s. [from raven : this were better written raven.] Prey; food gotten by violence. Nah.W. Rapine; rapaciousness. Ray. RA'VIN*, rav'-ln. a. Ravenous. Shakspeare. Ob. T. R A' VINE*, ra-veen'.n.s. [Fr.] A great flood. In modern times, a deep hollow usually formed by a flood ; anv hollow pass. 754 REA REA — n6, mftve, nSr, n&t ; — tube, tub, bull 5 — oil ; — p6und ;— th'm, THis. RAYING*, ra'-vlng. n. s. Furious exclamation. Temple. RA'VINGLY, ra'-vtog-le. 410 ad. With frenzy; with distraction. Sidney. To RA'VISH $, rav'-lsh. v. a. [ravir, Fr.] To con- stuprate by force ; to deflower by violence. Lam. v. To take away by violence. Wicliffe. To delight; to raoture ; to transport. Cant. iv. RA'VISHER, rav'-lsh-ur. 98. n. s. [ravisseur, Fr.] He that embraces a woman by violence. Spenser. One who takes any thing by violence. Pope. RA'VISHING*, rav'-lsh-ing. n. s. Rapture ; trans- port. Feltham. RA'VISHINGLY, rav'-lsh-Tng-le. ad. To extremity of pleasure. Chapman. RA'VISHMENT, raV-ish-ment. n. s. [ravissement, Fr.] Violation ; 'forcible constupration. Raleigh. Transport; rapture; ecstasy; pleasing violence on the mind. Milton. RAW §, raw. a. [lqieap, Sax. ; raa, Dan.; rouw, Dut.] Not subdued by the iire. Spenser. Not covered with the skin. Lev. xiii. Sore. Spenser. Imma- ture ; unripe; not concocted. Unseasoned ; unripe in skill. Raleigh. New. Shale. Bleak ; chill ; cold with damp. Spenser. Not decocted. Bacon. Not spun or twisted : as, raw silk. Not adulterated or mixed : as, raw spirits. Bare of flesh. Spenser. RA'WBONE*, raw'-b6ne. ) a. Having bones RA'WBONED, raw / -b6nd. 359. 5 scarcely covered with flesh. Spenser. RA'WHEAD, raw'-hed. n.s. The name of a spectre mentioned to fright children. Dryden. RA'WISH*, 9 rawMsh. a. Cold with damp. Marston. RA'WLY, raw'-le. ad. In a raw manner. Sherwood. Unskilfully; without experience. Without care; without provision. Shakspeare. RA'WNESS, raw'-nes. n. s. State of being raw. Bacon. Unskilfulness. Hakewill. Hasty manner. Shakspeare. RAY§,ra. n.s. [raie,rayon,Yv.] A beam of light. Milton. Any lustre, corporeal or intellectual. Mil- ton, [raye, Fr. ; raia, Lat.] A fish. Ainsworth. An herb. Ainsworth. For array, or order, [reye, Teut.] Spenser. For array, or dress. B. Jonson. To RAY, ra. v. a. [rayer, Fr.] To streak; to mark in long lines. Chaucer. To shoot forth. Thomson. To foul; to beray. Spenser. To array. Prompt. Parv. RA'YLESS*, ra'-les. a. Dark without a ray. Young. RAZE, raze. n.s. [rayz, Span.] A root of ginger; commoniy written race. Shakspeare. $5= Thi3 word is generally pronounced like the noun race, but improperly. It is derived from the Spanish rayz, a root, and should either be pronounced with the z, or written with the c. W. To RAZE §, raze. [See Rase.] if. a. [raser, Fr. ; rasus, Lat.] To overthrow; to ruin; to subvert. Sidney. To efface. Shakspeare. To extirpate. Shakspeare. RA'ZOR$, ra'-zdr. 166. n.s. [Lat.] A knife with a thick blade and fine edge used in shaving. Hooker. RA'ZORS of a Boar. A boar's tusks. RA'ZQRABLE, ra'-zur-a-bl. a. Fit to be shaved. Shakspeare. Ob. J. RA'ZORBILL*, ra'-zfir-bll. n. s. A web-footed bird ; the alka. RA'ZORFISH, ra'-zfir-flsh. n.s. A fish. Careio. RA'ZURE, ra'-zhure. 484. n.s. [rasure, Fr. ; rasura, Lat.] Act of erasing. Shakspeare. RE is an inseparable particle used by the Latins, and from them borrowed by us, to denote iteration or backward action : as, return, to come back; to re- vive, to live again ; repercussion, the act of driving back: reciprocation, as to recriminate. It is put almost arbitrarily before verbs and verbal nouns, so that many words so compounded will perhaps be found, which it was not necessary to insert. It sometimes adds little to the simple meaning of the word, as in rejoice. To REABSORB* re-ab-sorb'. v. a. [re and absorb.] To swallow up again ; to suck up again. Kirwan REACCE'SS, re-ak-ses'. n. s. Visit renewed. Hake- will. To REACH §, retsh. 227. v. a. Ancient preterit raught. [paecan, Sax.] To touch with the hand ex- tended. Milton. To arrive at ; to attain any thing distant ; to strike from a distance. Dryden. To strike from a distant place. Dryden. To fetch from some place distant, and give. 2 Esdr. To bring forward from a distant place. St. John, xx. To hold out; to stretch forth. Hooker. To attain ; to gaiu, to obtain. Cheyne. To transfer. Roive. To pene- trate to. Locke. To be adequate to. Locke. To extend to. Milton. To extend ; to spread abroad. Milton. To take in the hand. Milton. To deceive; to overreach. South. To REACH, retsh. 352. v. n. To be extended. Hooker. To be extended far. Shak. To pene- trate. 2 Chr. xxviii. To make efforts to attain. Locke. REACH, retsh. n. s. Act of touching- or seizing by extension of the hand. Power of reaching or taking in the hand. Locke. Power of attainment or man- agement. Locke. Power; limit of faculties. Ad- dison. Contrivance ; artful scheme; deep thought Hay ward. A fetch ; an artifice to obtain some distant advantage. Bacon. Tendency to distant consequences. Shakspeare. Extent. Milton. RE'ACHER*, retsh'-ur. n.s. One who fetches from some distant place, and gives. Life of A. Wood. To REA'CT §, rMfct'. v. a. [re and act.] To return the impulse or impression. Arbuthnot. REA'CTION, re-ak'-shun. n. s. [reaction, Fr.] The reciprocation of any impulse or force impressed, made by the body on which such impression is made : action and reaction are equal. Newton. READ, reed. n. s. [jiaeb, Sax.] Counsel. Sternlwld Saying ; sentence ; saw. Spenser. To READ §, reed. v. a. pret read ; part. pass. read. [paeban, Sax.] To peruse any thing written. Shak. To discover by characters or marks. Spenser. To learn by observation. Shak. To know fully. Sfuxk. To advise. [See 7 7 oAread.] Spenser. To sup- pose ; to guess. Spenser. To READ, reed. 227. v. n. To perform the act of perusing writing. Deut. xvii. To be studious in books. ^Taylor. To know by reading. Swift, [raeda, Icel.] To tell; to declare. Spenser. READ. red. 231. particip. a. [from read; the verb read is pronounced reed ; the pret. and part, red.] Skilful by reading. Drvden. REA'DABLE* reed'-a-bl. a. That may be read 5 fit to be read. Hard. READE'PTION, re-ad-ep'-shun. n. s. [re and adep- tus, Lat.] Recovery ; act of regaining. Bacon. REA'DER, reed' -fir. 98. n. s. [peabepe, Sax.] One that peruses any thing written. B. Jonson. One studious in books. Dryden. One whose office is to read prayers in churches. Swift. REA'DERSHIP, reed'-ur-shlp. n. s. The office of reading pravers. Swift. REA'DILY, red'-de-le. 234. ad. Expeditely; with little hinderance or delay. Milton. REA'DINESS, rexl'-de-nes. n. s. Expediteness j promptitude. Bacon. The state of being ready or fit for any thing. Shak. Facility; freedom from hinderance or obstruction. Holder. State of being willing or prepared. South. REA'DING, reed'-mg. 410. n. s. [p.eabin£ 7 Sax.] Study in books ; perusal of books. Watts. A lec- ture ; a prelection. Publick recital. Hooker. Va- riation of copies. Arbuthnot. To READJOU'RN*, re-ad-jurn'. v. a. [re and ad- journ.] To put off again to another time ; to cite or summon again. Cotgrave. To READJUST*, re-ad-just'. v. a. [re and adjust.] To put in order again what had been discomposed. Fielding. READM'PSSION, re-ad-mlsh'-un. n. s. The act of admitting ag-ain. Arbuthnot. To READMIT, re-ad-nuV. v. a. [re and admit ] To let in again. Milton. RE ADMITTANCE*, re-ad-mlt'-tanse. n.s. Allow ance to erter again. Brevint. 755 REA REA \TT 559.—Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t ;— pine, pin ;- To READO'PT*, re-a-dopt'. *>• a. [re and adopt.] I To adopt again. Young. To READORN, re-a-ddm'. v. a. To decorate again ; to deck anew. Blackmore. READVE'RTENCY*, re-ad-ver'-ten-se. n.s. [re and advertency.] The act of reviving. Norris. REAT)Y§, r&T-de. 234. a. [hpab, hpceb, Sax.] Prompt} not delayed. Temple. Fit for a purpose ; not to seek. Shak. Prepared} accommodated to any design. Job, xv. Willing ; eager 5 quick. Spenser. Being at the point; not distant} near} about to do or be. Job, xv. Being at hand; next to hand. Dryden. Facile ; easy ; opportune } near. Hooker. Quick ; not done with hesitation. Richardson. Expedite ; nimble ; not embarrassed ; not slow. Waits. — To make ready. To make things ready. To make preparations. St. Mark, xiv. REA'DY, r^d'-de. ad. Readily; so as not to need delay. Numbers, xxxii. REA'DY, red'-de. n.s. Ready money. Arbuthnot. To REA'DY*, red'-de. v. a. To set things in order. REAFFI'RMANCE, ^-af-fer'-manse. n. s. Second confirmation. Aijlijje REAK*, reek. n. s." [ye^c, Sax.] A rush. Drant. RE'AL §, re'-al. a. [real, Fr.,; realis, Lat.] Relating to things, not persons; not personal. Bacon Not fictitious ; not imaginary ; true ; genuine. Glanville. [In law.] Consisting of things immovable, as land. Child. RE'AL*, re'-al. ) n. s. One of the scholastic- RE'ALIST*. re'-al-?st. ) al philosophers, who main- tained opinions directly opposite to those of the Nominalists. Buiion. RE'AL*, re'-al. n. s. [real, Span. ; real, Fr.] A Span- ish sixpence. Swinburne. RE'ALGAR, re'-al-gar. n. s. A mineral. Harris. REALITY, re-al'-e-te. n. s. [realite, Fr.] Truth; verity; what is, not. what merely seems. Addison. Something intrinsically important ; not merely mat- ter of show. Milton. ITo REALIZES, re al-lze. v. a. [realiser, Fr.] To bring into being or act. Glanville. To convert money into land. REALIZATION*, re-al-e-za'-shun. n. s. [realisa- tion, Fr.] The act of realizing. Coigrave. To REALLEGE*, re-al-lgdje° v.a. [realleger, Fr.] To allege again. Cotgrave. RE'ALLY, re'-al-e. ad. With actual existence. Pearson. In truth ; truly; not seemingly only. Wilkins. It is a slight corroboration of an opin- ion. Young. REALM, refm. 234. n. s. [realme, old Fr.] A king- dom; a king's dominion. Spenser. Kingly gov- ernment. Pope. REALTY, re'-al-te. n. s. Loyalty. Milton,. Reali- ty. More. REAM, reme. 227. n. s. [peam, Sax.] A oundle of paper containing twenty quires. Pope. To REANIMATE, re-an'-ne-mate. v.a. [re and animo, Lat.] To revive ; to restore to life. Glan- ville. To REANNE'X, re-an-n£ks'. v. a. To annex again. Bacon. To REAF§, repe. 227. v.a. [pipan, Sax.] To cut corn at harvest. Lev. xix. To gather; to obtain. Hooker. To REAP, repe. j\ n. To harvest. Psalm cxxvi. REA'PER, re'-piir. 98. n. s. [pipepe, Sax.] One that cuts corn at harvest. Sandys. REA'PINGKOOK, re'-pmg-h66k. n.s. [reaping and hook.] A hook used to cut corn in harvest. Dryden. To REAPPA'REL*. re-ap-par'-el. v. a. [re and ap^areL] To clothe again. Donne. REAPPE A 'RANGE*,' re-ap-peer'-anse. n. s. Act of appearing again. RE APPLICATION*, re-ap-ple-ka'-shun. n. s. Act of applying anew. Noj-ris. REAR §,rere. 227. n.s. [arriere, Fr.] The hinder troop of an army, or the hinder line of a fleet. Knolles. The last class; the last in order. Peacham. I To place so as to protect To REAR*, rere. v. the rear. Scott. Ob. REAR, rere. 227. a. [hpepe, Sax.] Raw ; half roasted; half sodden. SirT. Elyot. ftjr 3 This word is frequently, but corruptly, pronounced as if written rare. But though rear, rhyming with fear is the true pronunciation, we must not suppose it to have the least affinity and signification with rear, be hind. Junius and Skinner derive this word from the Saxon word hrere, signifying fluent, or trembling, like the white- or yolk of* an egg when unconcocted ; hence Junius explains the phrase a reer-egg, a trembling egg ; and Skinner imagines that this word may come from the Greek word r Ptw, to flow, because unconcoct- ed eggs easily flow or move about ; or he supposes that our word rear, and the Saxon hrere, may possibly come from the Latin rams, as opposed to dense, because eggs, when boiled, lose their fluidity, and grow thick. This derivation of Skinner seems a little too far-fetch- ed. Whatever may be its origin in the Saxon, it seems to have been used in that language for crude and un- concocted ,- from the Saxon it comes to us in that sense, and, in my opinion, ought to be written as well as pro- nounced rere. W. REAR, rere. ad. Early : a provincial word. Gay. To REAR§, rere. v. a. [peepan, Sax.] To raise up. 1 Esdr. v. To lift up from a fall. Sjxnser. To move upwards. Milton. To bring up to maturity. Bacon. To educate ; to instruct. Southern. To exalt ; to elevate. Prior. To rouse } to stir up, Dryden. To raise ; to breed. Harte. [paepan, SaxJ To achieve} to obtain. Spenser. REA'RWARD, rere'-ward. n. s. [from rear and ward.] The last troop. Sidney. The end ; the tail ; a train behind. Shak. The latter part. Shak. REARMOUSE, rere'-mSuse. n. s. [hpepemup, SaxJ The leather-winged bat. Abbot. To REASCE'ND, re-as-send'. ii, n. To climb again, Spenser. To REASCE'ND, re-as-send'. v. a. To mount again, Addison. REASON $, re'-zn. 170, 227. [See Raisin.] n. s. [raison, Fr. 5 ratio, Lat.] The power by which man deduces one proposition from another, or pro- ceeds from premises to consequences ; the rational faculty } discursive power. Hooker. Cause ; ground or principle. Hammond. Efficient cause. Bacon. Final cause. Locke. Argument; ground of per- suasion ; motive. Tillotson. Ratiocination ; dis- cursive act. Davies. Clearness of faculties. Shak. Right ; justice. Spenser. Reasonable claim ; just practice. Bp. Taylor. Rationale ; just account. Peai-son. Moderation ; moderate demands. Addi- son. To REASON, re'-zn. v. n. [raisonner, Fr.] To ar- gue rationally ; to deduce consequences justly from premises. Locke. To debate ; to discourse ; to talk; to take or give an account. Shak. To raise disquisitions ; to make inquiries. St. Luke, v. To REASON, re'-zn. v. a. To examine rationally. Burnet. To persuade by argument. Addison. REASONABLE, re'-zn-a-bl. a. Having the faculty of reason ; endued with reason. Sidney. Acting, speaking, or thinking rationally. Hayward. Just; rational ; agreeable to reason. Wilkins. Not im- moderate. Shak. Tolerable ; being in mediocrity. Sidney. REASONABLENESS, re'-zn-a-bl-nes. n. s. The faculty of reason. Agreeableness to reason. Clar- endon. Compliance with reason. Hale. Moder- ation. REASONABLY, re'-zn-a-ble. ad. Agreeably to reason. Dryden. Moderately; in a degree reach- ing to mediocrity. Bacon. REASONER, re'-zn-ur. 98. n. s. [raisonneur, Fr.] One who reasons ; an arguer. Blackmore. REASONING, re'-zn-fng. 410. n. s. Argument Wisdom, vii. REASONLESS, re'-zn-les. a. Void of reason. Shak. REASSE'MBLAGE*, re-as-sem'-blaje. n.s. State of being again brought together. Harris. To RE ASSE'MBLE, re-as-sem'-bl. v. a. [re and as- semble.] To collect anew. Milton. 756 REB REC -116. move, nor, not ; — tube, t&b, bull ;■ — 6)1 ; — pOund ; — th'm, 1 To REASSERT, re-as-sfir t'. r. a. To assert anew ; to maintain aticr suspension or cessation. After bury. To REASSU'ME. re-as-sume'. v. a. [reassumo, Lat.] To resume ; to take again. Mi'ton. $5=* See Principles, No, 454, and tbe word Assume. W. 7'o^REASSU'RE, re-a-slnW. v. a. [reussurer, Fr.] To free from fear ; to restore from terrour. Dryden. RE'ASTINESS* rees'-te-nes. rt. s. State of being- rancid. Cotgrave. RE' AST Y*. rees'~te. a. [perhaps a corruption of 7-ustij.] Covered with a kind of rust, and having a rancid taste : a word applied to dried meat, par- ticularly to bacon. Skelton. REATE, rete. n. s. [perhaps a corruption of reak.~\ A kind of long, small grass, that grows in water, j and complicates itself together. Walton. To REATTEOIPT*. re-at-temt'. v.a. To try again. More. To REAVE, re ve. v.a. pret. reft, [peapian, Sax.] To take away by stealth or violence. Spenser. REBAPTIZA TION, re-bap-te-za'-shfin. n. s. Re- newal of baptism. Hooker. To REBAPTI'ZE$. re-bap-tlze'. v.a. [rebaptiser, Fr.] To baptize again. Ayliffe. REBAPTI'ZER*, re-bap-ti'-zur. n. s. One that baptizes again. Hoicell. To REBATES, re-bale', v.a. [rebattre,F\\~\ To blunt; to beat to obtuseness ; to deprive of keen- ness. Chillinzicorth. REBATEMENT*, re-bate'-mfint. n. s. Diminution. 1 Kings, vi. REBA'TO* re-ba'-t6. n. s. A sort of ruff. See Ra- BATO. Burton. REBECK, rc'-bek. n. 5. [rebec, Fr. ; ribscca, Ital.] An instrument of three strings. A kind of fiddle. Milton. RE'BEL«, reV-el. 102, 492. n. s. [rebelle, Fr. ; rebelHs, Lat.] One who opposes lawful authority by vio- lence. Sliakspeajv, RE'BEL*, reV-el. a. [rebellis, Lat.] Rebellious. Milton. To. REBE'L, re-bel'. v. n. [rebello, Lat.] To rise in violent opposition against lawful authority. Shak. REBELLED*, rd-beld'. part. a. Rebellious; hav- ing been guilty of rebellion. Milton. REBE^LLER, re-bei-lfir. n. s. One that rebels. Parfre. REBELLION, re-bel'-yfin. 113. n. s. [rebellion, Fr. ; rebellio, Lat.] Insurrection against lawful au- thority. Bacon. REBELLIOUS, re-bel'-yfis. a. Opponent to lawful authority. Dent. ix. REBELLIOUS LY, re-bel'-yus-le. ad. In opposition to lawful authority. Camden. REBELLIOUSNESS, re-bel'-yfis-nes. n. s. The qualilv of being rebellious. Bp. Morton. To REBE'LLOW, re-beF-16. v. n. To bellow in return ; to echo back a loud noise. Spenser. REBOA'TION, re-bo-a'-shfin. n. s. [reboo, Lat.] The return of a loud, bellowing sound. Patrick. To REBO IL*, re-holK v. n. [rebullio, Lat.] To take fire ; to be hot. Sir T. Elyot. To REBOUND §, re-bound', v. n. [rebondir, Fr. ; re and bound.] To spring back; to be reverberat- ed; to fly back in consequence of motion impressed and resisted by a greater cower. Wisdom, xvii. To REBOU'ND, re-bSuiKi'.' v. a. To reverberate ; to beat back. Decay of Christian Piety. REBOUND, re-bound', n. s. The act of flying back in consequence of motion resisted ; resilition. Brown. To REBRA'CE*, re-brase'. v. a. To brace again. Gray. To REBRE'ATHE*, re-breTHe'. v.a. To breathe again. Heywood. REBU'FF $, re-bfif . n. s. [rebuffkde, Fr. ; rebuffo, Ital.] Repercussion; quick and sudden resistance. Milton. To REBU'FF, re-bfif . w. a. To beat back ; to op- pose with sudden violence. To REBU'ILD, re-blld'. v. a. To re-edify ; to restore from demolition ; to repair. Clarendon. 50 REBU'KABLE, rebu'-ka-bl. a. Worthy of repre- hension. Shokspeare. To REBU'KE^ re-buke'. v. a. [rel>oucher, Fr • re bech, Arm.] To chide; to reprehend; to repicss by objurgation. 2 Pet. ii. REBUKE, re-buke'. n. s. Reprehension ; chiding expression; objurgation. Psalm Ixix. In low lan- guage, it signifies any kind of check. L Estrange REBU'KER, re-biV-kfir. 98. n.s. A chider; a repre- hender. Hosea, v. REBU KEFUL* re-buke'-ful. a. Abounding in re buke. Hulod. Ob. T. REBU'KEFULLY*, re-buke'-fui-le. ad. With rep- rehension. -Sir T. Elyot. REBULLl'TION*. reb-ul-lish'-fin. n. s. [rebullio, Lat.] Act of boiling or effervescing. Wotton. To REBU'RY*, re-ber'-re. v. a. To inter again Ashmole. RE'BUS. re'-bfis. n. s. [rebns. old Fr. ; rebus, Lat/J A word or name represented by things; a sort of riddle. Peacham. To REBU'T§, re-bfit'. v. n. [rehuter, Fr.] To retire back. Spenser. To return an answer : a law term. Blackstone. To REBU'T* re-bfit'. i\ a. To beat back; to keep off; to drive awav. Spenser. REBUTTER, re-*bfit'-tur. 98. n. s. An answer to a rejoinder. Blacksicue. To 'RECA'LL, re-kall'. v. a. To call back; to call again 5 to revoke. Hooker. RECA'LL*, re-kail'. 406. n. s. Revocation ; act cr power of calling back. Milton. ToRECA'NT§, re-kant'. v.a. [recanto, Lat.] To retract ; to recall ; to contradict what one has 'once said or done. Shaksjieare. To RECA'NT, re-kant'. o. n. To revoke a position , to unsav what has been said. Dryden. RECANTATION, rek-kan-ta'-shun. 530. n. s. Re- traction; declaration contradictory to a former dec laration. Sidney. RECA'NTER, re-kant'-fir. 98. n. s. One who re- cants. Shakspeare. To RECAPA'CITATE*, re-ka-pas'-se-tale. v. a. [re and capaciiole.~\ To qualify again. Atterbury. 'To RECAPITULATES, re-ka-plt -tshu-late. 91. v.a. [recapituler, Fr. ; re and capitulum, Lat.] I'o repeat again the sum of a former discourse. More. RECAPITULA'TION, re-ka-pft-tslu'i-la -shun, n.s. Distinct repetition of the principal points. Raleigh. RECAPITULATORY, re-ka-ph'-tshu-la-lfir-e. 512, 557. a. Repeating again. Barrow. RECATTURE*, re-kap'-tshure. n.s. A prize re- covered from those who had taken it. To RECAPTURE*, re-kap'-tshure. v. a. To retake a prize. To RECA'RNIFY*, re-kar'-ne-fl. v. a. [re and car nify.~\ To convert again into flesh. Hoicell. To RECA'RRY, re-kar'-re. r . a. To carry back Walton. To RECA'ST*, re-kast'. v. a. [re and cast.] To throw again. Florio. To mould anew. Bp. Bur gess. To RECE'DE, re-seed', v. n. [recedo, Lat.] To fall back ; to retreat. Dryden. To desist ; to relax any claim. K. Charles. RECEFPT, re-sete'. 412. n. s. The act of receiv ing. Shak. The place of receiving. St. Matthew, ix. [recepte, Fr.] A note given, by which money is acknowledged to have been received. Reception ; admission. Hooker. Reception; welcome. Sidney, [recepita, low Lat.; or recetta, Ital.] Prescription of ingredients for any composition. Sliaksjxare. RECEIVABLE, fe : se'-va-bl. a. [recevable, Fr.] Ca- pable of being received. Wottcr,:. RECEI'VABLENESS* re-se'-va-bl-nes. n. s. Ca- pability of receiving. Whitlock. To RECEI'VE§, re-seve'. v.a. [recevoir, Fr. ; recip- io, Lat.] To take or obtain any thing as due. St. Luke, xiv. To take or obtain from another. 2. Sam. xviii. To take any thing communicated, Locke. To embrace intellectually. Bacon. To al- low. Hooker. To admit. Acts, xv. To take, as 757 REC REC \XT 559.— Fkte, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;— into a vessel. Acts, i. To take into a place or state. St. Mark, xv'i. To conceive in the mind ; to take intellectually. Shale. To entertain as a guest. Milton. 1ECEFVEDNESS, re-se'-ved-nes. 365. n. s. Gen- eral allowance. Boyle. RECEPVER, re-se'-vfir. 98. n. s. [receveur, Fr.] One to whom any thing is communicated by anoth- er. Shak. One to whom any thing is given or paid. Sprat. An officer appointed to receive pub- lick money. Bacon. One who partakes of the bless- ed sacrament. Bp. Taijlor. One who co-operates with a robber, by taking the goods which he steals. Spenser. The vessel into which spirits are emitted from the still. Blackmore. The vessel of the air pump, out of which the a ; r is drawn, and which therefore receives any body on whi<*h experiments are tried. Bentley. To RECE'LEBRATE, re-seP-ie-brate. v. a. To celebrate anew. B. Jonson. RE'CENCY, re'-sen-se. n.s. [recens, Lat.] New- ness ; new state. Wiseman. To RECE'N3E§# re-sense', v. a. [recenser, old Fr. ; recenseo, Lat.] To examine ; to review ; to revise. Bentley. RECESSION, re-seV-shfin. n.s. [recensio, Lat.] Enumeration ; review. Mede. RE'CENT §, re'-sent. a. [recent, Fr. ; recens, Lat.] New j not of long existence. Woodward. Late; not antique. Bacon. Fresh ; not Jong dismissed, released, or Darted from. Pope. RECENTLY, re^-senl-le. ad. Newly; freshly. Ar- huthnot. RE'CENTNESS, re'-sent-nes. n. s. Newness ; fresh- ness. Hale. RECE'PTACLE, reV-sep-ta-kl, or re-sep'-ta-kl. n.s. [receptaculum, Lat.] A vessel or place into which any thing is received. Hooker. §£?" The first of these pronunciations is by far the most fashionable, but the second most agreeable to analogy and the ear. So many mutes in the latter syllables re- quire the aid of the antepenultimate accent to pro- nounce them with ease, and they ought always to have it. — See Acceptable and Corruptible. The best way to show what is the general usage in the accentuation of this word, will be to give it as accented by different orthoepists. hee'eptaele, Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston. Recep'taclc, Drs. Johnson, Ken rick, Ash, Mr Nures, Mr. Smith, Perry, Scott, Buchanan, Barclay, Fenning, Bailey, Dyche, and E&Lick. W. [Jones, Fulton and Knight.] RE'CEPTARY, reV-sep-ta-re. [See Reclptory.] n. s. Tiling received. Oh. J. RECEPTIBTLITY, re-sep-te-bil'-e-te. n. s. Possi- bility of receiving. G/mvitle. RECE'PTION§, re-sep'-shfin. n. s. [reception, Fr.; recepius, Lat.] The act of receiving. Holder. The state of being received. Milton. Admission of any thing communicatee.. Locke. Re-admission. Milton. The act of containing. Addison. Treatment at first coming ; welcome ; entertainment. Hammond. Opinion generally admitted. Locke. Recovery. Bacon. RECETTIVE, re-sep'-fiv. a. Having the quality of admitting' what is communicated. Hooker. RECEPT1 VITY*, res-sep-ttv'-e-te. n.s. [receptivite, Fr.] State or quality of being receptive. Fotherby . RE'CEPTORY, reV-sep-tfir-e. a. Generally or pop- ularly admitted. Brown. fT" Dr. Johnson and Mr. Sheridan place the accent on the first syllable of this word, and on the second of de- ceptory ; but, as these words are both of the same form, till some reason can be given for accenting them differ- ently, I shall consider them both as accented on the first syllable, as that accentuation appears to be not only most agreeable to polite usage, but to the general anal- ogy of words of this termination. — See PEREMPTORy. A view of the diversity of accentuation among our ortho- epists will enable the inspector to judge of the proprie- ty of that which I have adopted : Rec'cptary, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Johnson, (folio and quarto,) and Barclay. Recep'tary, Dr. Ash, Mr. Scott, Scott's Bailey, Mr. Perry. Fenning, and Entick. Reccptory, Dr. Johnson, (folio,) Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Smith, and Barclay. Recep'tory, Dr. Johnson, (quarto.) Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, Barclay, Fenning, Scott's Bailey, and Entick. " Dcc'eptory. Decep'tory, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, Barclay, Scott's Bailey, and Fen- ning. W. RECE ; SS§, re-seV. n.s. [recessus, Lat.] Retirement, retreat; withdrawing; secession. K. Charles, Departure. Glanville. Place of retirement; place of secrecy; private abode. Milton, [recez, Fr.] An abstract of the proceedings of an imperial diet. Ayliffe. Departure into privacy. Milton. Remis- sion or suspension of any procedure. Bacon. Re- moval to distance. Brown. Privacy; secrecy of abode. Dryden. Secret part. Hammond. RECESSION, re-sesh'-fin. n.s. [recessio, Lat.] The act of retreating. Bp. Taylor. Act of relaxing or desisting from any claim. South. To RECHA'NGE, re-lshanje'. v. a. [reclianger, Fr.] To change again. Dryden. To RECHA'RGE, re-tsharjo'. v. a. [recharger, Fr.] To accuse in return. Hooker. To attack anew. Dryden. RECHE A'T §, re-tshete'. n. s. [recet, old Fr.] [Among hunters.] A lesson which the huntsman winds on the horn, when the hounds hace lost their game, to call them back from pursuing a counterscent. Shak. To RECHEA'T*, re-tsheet'. v. n. To blow the re- cheat. Drayton.. RECIDIVA'TIO^re-sid-e-va'-shun. n.s. [recidiws, Lat.] Backsliding ; falling again. Bp. Hall. REripI'VOUS, re-se-div'-ns. a. Subject to fall ^ain. RECIPE, res'-se-pe. ?i. s. [Lat..] A medical prescrip- tion. Suckling. RECIPIENT, re-sfp'-pe-ent. n.s. [recipiens, Lat.| The receiver; that to which any thing is commu- nicated. Glanville. The vessel into which spirits are driven bv the still. Decay of Christum Piety. RECPPROC AL§, re-slp'-pro-kaJ. a. [reciprocus, Lat.] Acting in vicissitude ; alternate. Milton. Mutual; done by each to each. Richardson. Mu- tually interchangeable. Watts. — Reciprocal pro- portion is, when, in four numbers, the fourth num- ber is so much lesser than the second, as the third is greater than the first, and vice versa. Ham-is. RECPPROC A L* 7 re-sip' pro-kal. n.s. An alternacy Bacon. RECFPROCALLY, re-sfp ; -pr6-kal-le. ad. Mutual- ly ; interchangeably. Shakspeare. RECPPROCALNESS, re-sip'-prd-kal-nes. n. s. Mutual return ; alternateness. Decay of Christian Piety. To RECPPROC ATE, re-s?p'-pr6-kate. v.n. To act interchangeably ; to alternate. Dnjden. To RECPPROC ATE*, re-Sip'-pro-kate. v. a. To ex- change ; to interchange. Johnson. RECIPROCA'TlON.re-slp-pro-ka'-shfln. n.s. [re ciprocatio, Lat.] Alternation ; action interchanged. Bacon. RECIPROCITY*, res-e-pros'-e-te. n.s. [reciprocity, Fr.] Reciprocal obligation. Blackstone. RECPSION, re-s:zh'-un. n.s. [Fr. ; recisus, Lat.] The act of cutting off. Sherwood. RECITAL, re-si'-tal. n. s. Repetition ; rehearsal. Denham. Narration. Addison. Enumeiation. Prior. RECITATION, res-se-ta'-shun. n. s. Repetition ; rehearsal. Hammond. RECITATPVE, res-se-fa-teev'. )n.s. [from re- RECITATPVO, res-se-ta-teevZ-6. \ cite, Ital.] A kind of tuneful pronunciation, more musical than common speech, and less than song ; chant. Dryd. REGIT ATFVELY*, res-se-la-tc-ev'-le. ad. After the manner of the recitative. Lett, on Q. Anne's going to St. Paul's. To RECFTE§, re-slte'. v. a. [recito, Lat. ; reciter, Fr.] To rehearse ; to repeat ; tc enumerate ; •© tell over. Ecclns. xliv. 758 REC RED -116, move, nor, not; — lube, ifib, bull; — oil ; — p6und; — th'm, THis. RECFTE, re-slte'. n. s. [recti, Fr.] Recital. Temple. Ob. J. RECITER, re-sl'-t&r. n. s. One who recites. Bur- ton. To RECK §, rek. v.n. [jiecan, Sax.] To care; to heed; to mind. Spenser. Ob. J. But used in Scotland. It RECKS, v. impersonal. To care. Mil/on. To RECK, rek. «. a. To heed ; to care for. Sidney. RE'CKLESS, rek'-les. a. [peccelear, Sax.] Care- less; heedless; mindless; untouched. Sidney. RE'CKLESSNESS, rek'-les-n£s. n. s. Carelessness; negligence. Sidney. To RE'CKON §, rek'-kn. 103. v.a. [necean, Sax.] To number ; to count. Lev. xxvii. f o esteem ; to account. Hooker. To assign in an account. Rom. iv. To P. E'CKON, rek'-kn. 170. v. n. To compute ; to calculate. Addison. To state an account. Sliak. To charge to account. B. Jouson. To give an ac- count ; to assign reasons of action. Abp. Sandys. To pay a penally. Sanderson. To call to punish- ment. Tillolson. To lay stress or dependence upon. Temple. RECKONER, rek'-kn-ur. 98. n. s. One who com- putes ; one who calculates cost. Camden. RE'CKONING, rek'-kn-?ng. 410. n.s. Computation; calculation. Account of time. Sandys. Accounts of debtor and creditor. Daniel. Money charged by a host. Shakspeare. Account taken. 2 Kings. Esteem ; account ; estimation. Sidney. RECKONING-BOOK, rek/-kn-]ug-b65k. n.s. A book in which money received and expended is set down. To RECLAFM§, re-klame'. 202. v. a. [reclamo, Lat.] To reform ; to correct. Spenser, [reclamer, Fr.] To reduce to the slate desired. Bacon. To recall ; to cry out against. Dnjden. To tame. Dryden. To recover. Spenser. To RECLAIM* reclame', v.n. To exclaim. Pope. RECLAIM*, r&-kla.me'. n. s. Reformation. Hales. Recovery. Spenser. RECLAFMABLE*, re-kla'-ma-bl. a. That may be reclaimed. Dr. Cockburn. RECLAFMANT, re-kla'-manl. n. s. Contradicter. Waterland. RECLAFMLESS*, re-klame'-Ies. a. Not to be re- claimed. Lee. RECLAMATION* rek-kla-ma'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Recovery. Bp. Hall. RECLINA'TION*, rSk-kle-na'-shun. n. s. The act of leaning or reclining. To RECLFNE §, re-kllne'. v. a. [reclino, Lat. ; re- cliner, Fr.] To lean back ; to lean sidewise. Dnj- den. To RECLFNE, re-kllne'. v. n. To rest ; to repose , to lean. Shenstmie. RECLFNE, re-kllne'. a. [reclinis, Lat.] In a lean- ing posture. Mitton. To RECLO'SE, re-kl6ze'. v. a. To close again. Pope. To RECLU'DE, re-klude'. v.a. [recludo, Lat.] To open. Ha>~vey. RECLU'SE§, re-kluse'. 437. n.s. [reclus, recluse, old Fr.] One shut up ; a retired person. Hammond. RECLU'SE, re-kluse'. a. Shut up; retired. Prior. To RECLU'SE*. re-kluse'. v. a. To shut up. Donne. Ob. T. RECLU'SELY*, re-kluse'-le. ad. In retirement; like a recluse. RECLU'SENESS*, re-kluse'-ne ! s. n. s. Retirement. Felt ham. RECLU'SION*,re-klu'-zhun. n. s. State of a recluse. RECLU'SIVE*, re-kkV-srv. a. Affording conceal- ment Shakspeare. ftECOAGULA'TION, re-k6-ag-gu-la'-shun. n.s. Second coagulation. Boyle. To RECO'CT*, re-k&kt'. v. a. [recoctus, Lat.] To vamp up. Bp. Taylor. RECO'GNISABLE*, re-kog'-ne-za-bl. a. That may be acknowledged. RECO'GNISANCE, re-k6g'-ne-zanse. [re-k&n'-ne- zans, Slieridan and Perry.] n. s. [recognisance, Fr.] Acknowledgement of person or thing. Badge Hooker. A bond of record testifying the recogni- sor to owe unto the recognisee a certain sum of money; and is acknowledged in some court of record. Cowel. $CT For the pronunciation of o - , in this and the following words, see Principles, No. 387, and the words Cogni- zance and Conusance. W. To RE'CCGNISE §, rek'-k&g-nlze. v. a. [recognosco, Lat.] To acknowledge; to recover and avow knowledge of any person or thing. Fell. To re- view; to re-examine. South. RECOGNISEE', re-kog-ne-zee'. n. s. One in whose favour the bond is drawn. RECO'GNISOR, re-kog-ne-zSr'. [re-kon'-ne-sur, Perry.'] n. s. One who gives the recognisance. $5= When this word is not used as a law term, but con- sidered only as the verbal noun of recognise, it ought to be spelled recogniser : and to have the accent on the first syllable. W. RECOGNFTION, rek-kog-nish'-ttu. n. s. [recognitio, Lat.] Review; renovation of knowledge. Hooker. Knowledge confessed. Grew. Acknowledgement; memorial. White. To RECOFL §, re-k6Il'. 299. v.n. [reader, Fr.] To rush back in consequence of resistance, which can- not be overcome by the force impressed. Mitton. To fall back. Spenser. To fail; to shrink. Slutk. To RECOFL*, re-k6ll'. v.a. To drive back; to cause to recoil. Spenser. Ob. T. RECOFL, re-k6il'. n.s. A falling back. Browne. RECOFL1NG*, re-kofl'-lng. ?i.s. Act of shrinking back; revolt. South. RECOILING LY* ; re-kdll'-ing-le. ad. With retro- cession. Huloet. To RECOI'N, re-k6In'. 299, 300. v. a. To coin over again. Addison. RECOFNAGE, re-kdln'-?dje. 90. n.s. The act of coining anew. Bacon. To RECOLLE'CT §, rgk-k6l-lekt'. [See Collect.] V. a. [recollectus, Lat.] To recover to memory. Watts. To recover reason or resolution. Dryden. To gather what is scattered 3 to gather again. " Dcmne. RE'COLLECT* reV-k6l-lekt. ) n.s. A monk of a RE'COLLET*, rek'-kol-let. $ reformed order of Franciscans. Weever. RECOLLE'CTION, rek-kol-lek'-shun. n.s. Recov- ery of notion ; revival in the memory. Lccke. To RECOMBFNE* re-kom-bfoe'. v.a. [re and combine.] To join together again. Careic. To RECO'MFORT$, re-kum'-ffirt. v.a. To comfort or console again. Sidney. To give new strength. Bacon. RECO'MFORTLESS*, re-kum'-furt-lks. a. With- out comfort. Spenser. To RECOxMME'NCE, re-kSm-meuse'. 531. v. a. [recommencer, Fr.J To begin anew. To RECOMMENDS, rek-kom-mend'. [See Com- mand.] v. a. [recommander, Fr. ; re and commend.] To praise to another. Dryden. To make accepta- ble. Pope. To commit with prayers. Acts, xiv. RECOMME'NDABLE, rek-k6m-mend'-a-bl. a. Worth}' of recommendation or praise. Glanvilte. RECOMME'NDABLENESS*, r^k-kom-mend'-a- bl-nes. n.s. Quality of being recommendable. More. RECOMME'NDABLY* rek-k6m-mend'-a-ble. ad. So as to deserve commendation. Sliencood. RECOMMEN D A'TION, rek-k6m-men-da'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act of recommending. That which secures to one a kind reception from another. Dryden. RECOMME'NDATORY, rek-kom-men'-da-tiVe. 512. [See Domestick.] a. That commends to another. Swift. RECOMME'NDER, rek-k6m-mend'-ur. n. s. One who recommends. Atterbury. To RECOMMFT, re-kom-mit'. v.a. To commit anew. Clarendon. To RECOMPA'CT, re-k&m-pakt'. v. a. To joit anew. Donne. 759 REC REC (LT 559— Fate,, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pm ;— RECOMPENSA'TPON*, rek-kom-pen-sa'-shQn. n.s. Recompense. Huloet. To RECOMPENSE §, rek'-k6m-pense. v.a. [recom- pense)-, Fr.] To repay ; to requite. 1 Mace. x. To give in requital. Rom. xii. To compensate ; to make up by something equivalent. Carew. To re- deem ; to pay for. Num. v. RECOMPENSE, rek'-kom-pense. n.s. [Fr.] Re- ward; something given as an acknowledgement of merit. Shak. Equivalent; compensation. Clarend. RECOMPFLEMENT, re-kom-pile'-ment. 531. n.s. New complement. Bacon. To RECOMPO'SE^e-kom-poze'. 531. v. a. [recom- poser, Fr.] To settle or quiet anew. Bp. Taylor. To form or adjust anew. Boyle. RECOMPOSFTION, re-kom-p6-z?sh'-un. n.s. Com- position renewed. RECONCFLABLE, rek-kon-sl'-la-bl. a. [reconcili- able, Fr.] Capable of renewed kindness. Consist- ent ; possible to be made consistent. Hammond. RECONCFLABLENESS, rek-kon-slMa-bl-nes. n.s. Consistence; possibility to be reconciled. Hammond. Disposition to renew love. To RECONCILE §, reV-kon-slle. v. a. [reconcilier, Fr. ; reconcilio, Lat.] To make to like again. Shak. To make to be liked again. Clarendon. To make any thing consistent. Locke. To restore to favour. Ezek. xlv. To purify. Puller. To re- establish. Spenser. To RECONCILE*, rek'-kon-slle. v.n. To become reconciled. Abp. Sancroft. RECONCPLEMENT, reV-kon-sile-ment. n. s. Rec- onciliation ; renewal of kindness; favour restored. Stilton. Friendship renewed. Milton. RECONCPLER, rek'-kon-sl-lur. n. s. One who rp news friendship between others. Fell. One who dis- covers the consistence between propositions. Norris. RECONCILIATION, rek-kon-sll-e-a'-shun. n. s. [reconciliatio, Lat.] Renewal of friendship. Agree- ment of things seemingly opposite ; solution of seeming contrarieties. Rogers. Atonement; ex- pi ation. Heb. ii. RECONCFLIATORY*, rek-kon-sll'-e-a-tur-e. a. Able to reconcile. Bp. Hull. To RECONDE'NSE, re-kdn-deW. v. a. To con- dense anew. Boyle. RECONDPTE, fek'-kon-dlte. a. [reconditus, Lat.] Hidden ; secret ; profound ; abstruse. Glanville. {jry= Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Barclay, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Mr. Fry, and Entick, accent this word on the second syllable ; Mr. Sheridan and Bailey [and Mr. Todd] op the last. ; and Fenning, only, on the first. But, notwitv. standing so many authorities are against me, I am much deceived if the analogy of pronuncia- tion be not decidedly in favour of that accentuation which I have given. We have but few instances in the language where we receive a word from the Latin, by dropping a syllable, that we do not remove the ac- cent higher than the original. 503. Thus recondite, derived from reconditus, may with as much propriety remove the accent from the long penultimate, as car- buncle from carbunculus, calumny from calumnia, detriment from detrhncntum, innocency from innoccn- tia, controversy from controversia, and a thousand others. Besides, it may be observed, that Mr. Sheridan and Bailey, by accenting this word on the last syllable, do not decide against the accent on the first. ; for all words of three syllables which may be accented on the last, may also have an accent on the first, though not inversely. 524. The antepenultimate accent, to which our language has such a tendency, ought, in my opin- ion, to be indulged in this word, notwithstanding the numerous authorities against it. The word insonditc must certainly follow the fortunes of the present word ; and we find [most of] those orthoepists, who have the word, accent it as they do recondite, Mr. Sheridan on the last syllable, but Mr. Fenning, inconsistently, on the second. W. — [rec'ondite, Jones ; rec'ondite or re~ con'dite, Fulton and Knight.] To RECONDUCT, rfe-kdn-d&kl'. v. a. [reconduct, Fr.] To conduct again. Dryden. To RECONFIRM* re-k&n-f§rm'. v. a. To estab- lish again. Ld. Clarendon. To RECONJOPN, re-kon-joln'. v. a. To join anew. Boyle. To RECO'NUUER, re-kong'-kur. v.a. [reconquerir, Fr.] To conquer again. Ducies. To RECONNOFTER*, [RECONNOITRE, Jcmes, &c.] rek-kon-n6e / -tur. v. a. [reconnoitre, Fr.] To examine ; to view. Addison. To RECONSECRATE, re-k6n'-se-krate. v.a. To consecrate anew. Ayliffe. To RECONSIDER*, re-kSn-sfa'-ur. v. a. To turn in the mind over and over. Ld. Chesterfield. To RECO'NSOLATE*, re-k6n'-s6-late. v.a. [re and consolateJk To comfort again. Wotton. To RECON VE'NE, re-kon-vene'. u. n. [re and con- vene.'] To assemble anew. Clarendon. RECONVERSION*, re-kon-ver'-shfin. n. s. A second conversion. Weever. To RECONVERT*, re-kon-vert'. v. a. To convert again. Milton. . To RECONVE%> re-kon-va'. v.a. To convey again. Denham. To RECORD §, rb-Mrd'AW.v.a. [recorder, Lat.; recorder, Fr.] To register any thing so that its mem- ory may not be lost. Dent. xxx. To celebrate ; to cause to be remembered solemnly. Milton. To recite; to repeat; to tune. Spenser. To call to mind. Spenser. To RECORD*, re-kord'. v. n. To sing a tune ; to play a tune. Shakspeare. RECORD. r§k'-6rd,orre-kSrd'.«.s. [Fr.] Regis- ter; authentick memorial. Sliakspeure. £5= The noun record was anciently, as well as at present^ pronounced with the accent either on the first or second syllable : till lately, however, it generally conformed to the analogy of other words of this kind ; and we sel- dom heard" the accent on the second syllable till a great luminary of the law, as remarkable for the justness of his elocution as his legal abilities, revived the claim this word anciently had to the ultimate accent ; and, since his time, this pronunciation, especially in our courts of justice, seems to have been the most general. We ought, however, to recollect, that this is overturn- ing one of the most settled analogies of our language in the pronunciation of dissyllable nouns and verbs of the same form. — See Principles, No. 492. " But many a crime, deem'd innocent on earth, " Is register'd in heaven ; and there, no doubt, " Have each their record, with a cure annex'd." Cowper's Task. W. RECORD ATION, rek-kor-da'-shun. n.s. [recerda- tio, Lat J Remembrance. Shakspeare. Oh. J. RECORDER, re-kord'-ur. n.s. One whose busi- ness is to register any events. Donne. The keep- er of the rolls in a city. Swift. A kind of flute; a wind instrument. Sidney. To RECOCCH, re-k6utsh ; . v.n. Ire and couch.] To lie down again. Wotton. To RECO'UNTy, re-kount'. v. a. [recorder, Fr.] To relate in detail ; to tell distinctly. Shakspeare. RECO UNTMENT, re-koimt'-ment. n. s. Relation; recital. Shakspeare. To RECOURE, re-kofir'. v. a. To recover, or re cure. Spenser. See To Recure. RECOURSE y, re-korse'. n. s. [recursus, Lat. ; re- cours, Fr.] Frequent passage. Slutk. Return; new attack. Brown. Return; recurrence. Bar- row, [recours, Fr.] Application as for help or pro- tection. Wotton. Access. Shakspeare. To RECOURSE*, re^rse'. v. n. To return. Fox. Ob. T. RECOURSEFUL, re-korse'-ful. a. Moving alter- nated. Drayton. To RECO'VER §, re-kuv'-ur. v.a. [recouvrer, Fr. ; recupero, Lat.] To restore from sickness or disor- der. 2 Kings, v. To repair. Rogers. To regain ; to get again. Sidney. To release. 2 Tim. ii. To attain ; to reach ; to come up to. Shakspeare. To RECO'VER, re-k&V-fir. v.n. To grow well from a disease, or any evil. 2 Kings, xx. RECOVERABLE, re-kuv'-ur-a-bl. a. [recouvrable, Fr.] Possible to be restored from sickness. Possi- ble to be regained. S/iakspeare. RECO'VERY, re-kuv'-ur-e. n. s. Restoration from sickness. Bp. Taylor. Power or act of regaining Shak. The act of cutting off an entail. Sluxk. 760 REC REC — 116, move, hdr, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6)1 ; — pound ; — thin, THis. RECREANT $. rek'-kre-ant. a. [recreant, old Fr.] Cowardly 5 meanspirited} subdued. Spertser. Apos- tate ; false. Milton.. To RECREA'TE* re-kre-ate'. v. a. To create anew Donne. ToRECREATES, rek'-kre-ate. 531. v. a. [recreo, Lat.] To refresh after toil ; to amuse or divert in weariness. Shak. To delight; to gratify. More. To relieve ; to revive. Harvey, To RECREATE*, rek'-kre-ate. v. n. To take rec- reation. L. Addisoti. RECREA'TION, r§k-kre-a'-shun. n. s. Relief after toil or pain ; amusement in sorrow or distress. Sid- ney. Refreshment; amusement; diversion. Holder. RECREATIVE, r£k'-kre-a-tiv. a. Refreshing ; giv- ing relief after labour or pain ; amusing; diverting. Bacon. RECREATP7ELY*, rgk'-kre-a-uV-Ie. ad. With rec- reation; with diversion. Sherwood. RECREATIVENESS, rek'-kre-a-tlv-nes. n.s. The quality of being recreative. RECREMENT §, rek'-kre-ment. n. s. [recrementum, Lat.] Dross ; spume ; superfluous or useless parts. Bp.Hall. ' RECREME'NTAL, rek-kre-men'-tal. } RECREMENTFTIOUS, rek-kre-men-tfsh'-us. \ "' Drossy. Reid. To RECRI'MINATE §, re-krlm'-e-nate. v.n. [re- criminer, Fr. ; re and criminor, Lat.] To return one accusation with another. Slillinsfleet. To RECRI'MINATE, re-krlm'-e-nate. v. a. To ac- cuse in return. South. RECRIMINA'TION, re-krfm-e-na'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Return of one accusation with another. Government of (he Tongue. RECRIMINATOR, re-krfm'-e-na-tur. 521. n. s. One that returns one charge with another. RECRI'MINATORY*, re-krfm'-e-na-tur-e. a. Re- torting accusation. Burke. RECRU'DENCY§*,re-kr6cV-den-se. ; RECRUDE'SCENCY§*, rek-kr66-des'-s§n-se. \ n. s. [recrudir, Fr. ; recrudesco, LaL] State of be- coming sore again; a sort of relapse. Bacon. RECRUDE'SCENT, r6k-kr66-deV-sent. 510. a. [re- crudescens, Lat.] Growing painful or violent again. To RECRUIT $, re-kr6dl". v. a c [recrutcr, Fr.] To repair anything wasted by new supplies. Wiseman. To supply an army with new men. Clarendon. To RECRUI'T, re-krd-Gt'. v.n. To raise new sol- diers. Addison. RECRUI'T, re-kroot'. 343. n.s. Supply of any thing wasted. Clarendon. New soldiers. Dry den. RECTANGLES, rSk'-tang-gl. n.s. [rectangulus, Lat.] A figure having four sides, of which the op- posite ones are equal, and all its angles right an- gles. Locke. RECTA'NGLE* rek'-lan-gl. J a. Having a right RECTA'NGLED*, rgk'-tan-gid. \ angle. Brown. RECTANGULAR, r&c-tang'-giVlar. a. Right an- gled ; having angles of ninety degrees. Wotton. RECT A'NGUL ARLY, rek-tang'-gu-lar-le. ad. With right angles. Brown. RECTIFIABLE, r£k'-te-fi-a-bl. 183. a. Capable to be set right. Brown. RECTIFICATION, r£k-te-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act of setting right what is wrong. Burton. [In chymistry.] Rectification is drawing any thing over again by distillation, to make it yet higher or finer. Quincy. RECTIFIER*, relc'-te-f 1-ur. n. s. One who sets right what is wrong. Swift. One employed in the pro- cess of rectifying by distillation. An instrument that shows the variation of the compass, in order to rectify the course of a ship. To RECTIFY §, rek'-te-fl. 183. v. a. [rectifier, Fr.; rectus and f ado, Lat.] To make right ; to reform ; ' to redress. Hooker. To exalt and improve by re- peated distillation. Grew. RECTILINEAR, rek-te-lln'-e-ur. ) a. [rectus and RECTILFNEOUS, rek-te-tfn'-e-us. $ linea, Lat.] Consisting of right lines. Ray. RECTITUDE, rek'-te-tude. n. s. [rectiiudo, Lat.] Slraightness ; not curvity. Rightness 5 uprightness; freedom from moral curvity or obliquity. K.Charles. Right judgement; due deliberation and decision : a philosophical term. Paley. RECTOR §, rek'-tfir. n. s. [recteur, Fr.; rector, Lat.] Ruler ; lord ; governour. Hale. Parson of an un- impropriated parish. Blackstone. RECTO'RIAL*, rek-t6'-ie-al. a. [Fr.] Belonging to the rector of a parish. Blackstone. RECTORSHIP, rek'-tur-ship. n. s. The rank or of- fice of rector. Shakspeare. RECTORY, r£k'-tur-e. n. s. A rectory or parsonage is a spiritual living, composed of land, tithe, and other oblations of the people, separate or dedicate to God in any congregation for the service of his church there" and for the maintenance of the gov-, ernour or minister thereof, 10 whose charge the same is committed. Spelman. RECTRESS*, rek'-tres. ) n. s. [reclrix, Lat.] Gov- RECTRIX* reV-trlks. > erness. B. Jonson. RECUBA'TION, rgk-ku-ba'-sh&n. 530. n. s. [recu- bo, Lat.] The act of lying or leaning. Brown. To RECU'LE, re-kule'. v. n. [reader, Fr.] To re- tire ; to fall backward; to recoil. Barret. Ob. J. To RECU'MB*, re-kum'. v.n. [recumbo, Lat.] To lean ; to repose. Allen. Ob. T. RECU'MBENCE*, re-kum'-bense. n. s. Act of re- posing, or resting in confidence. Lord North. RECU'MBENCY, re-k&m'-ben-se. n. s. The posture of lying or leaning. Brown. Rest ; repose. Locke. RECU'MBENT$, re-kfim'-bent. a. [_recumbens, Lat.] L} r ing; leaning. Arbuthnot. Reposing; inactive; listless. Young. RECUPERABLEt, re-ku'-per-a-bl. a. Recovera- ble. Chaucer. Obsolete. RECUPERATION $, re-ku-per-a'-shun. n.s. [recu- peratio, Lat.] The recovery of a thing lost. More. RECU'PERATIVE. re-ku'-per-a-tlv. ) a. Be- RECU'PERATORY, re-ku'-per-a-tfir-e. 5 longing to recovery. Cockeram. To RECU'R, re-kur'. v.n. [recurro, Lat.] To come back to the thought ; to revive in the mind. Locke, [recourir, Fr.] To have recourse to; to take refuge in. Locke. To RECU'RE §, re-kure'. v. a. [re and cure] To recover ; to regain. Chancer. To recover from sickness or labour. Spenser. RECU'RE, re-kure'. n. s. Recovery ; remedy. Sack- ville. RECU'RELESS*, re-kure'-les. a. Incapable of rem- edy. Bp. Hall. RECURRENCE, re-kur'-rense. ) n. s. Return. RECU'RRENCY, re-kur'-ren-se. $ Brown. RECU'RRENT§, re-kur'-rent. a. [recurrent, Fr. recurrent, Lat.] Returning from lime to time. Har- RECU'RSION, re-kur'-shun. Return. Boyle. To RECU'RVATE*, re-kur'. n. s. [reewsus, Lat.] ate. v. a. [recurvatus, Lat.] To bend back. Pennant. RECURVATION, re-kur-va'-sh&n. ; n. s. Flexure RECU'RVITY, re-kftr'-ve-te. 5 backwards. Broum. To RECU'RVE $#, re-kfirve'. v. a. [recurvo, Lat.] To bow or bend back. Cockeram. RECU'RVOUS, re-kur'-vus. a. [recunms, Lat.] Bent backward. Derham. RECUSANCY*, re-ku'-zan-se, or rek'-ku-zan-se. n. s. The tenets of a recusant ; nonconformity. Coke. RECUSANTS, re-ku'-zant, or reV-ku-zant. n. s. [recusans, Lat.] One that refuses to acknowledge the king's supremacy in matters of religion ; a non conformist; one that refuses any terms of commu- nion or society. Davies. 3^r I must in this word retract my former opinion, and give the preference to the accent on the second syllable Mr. Sheridan and W. Johnston might, like myself, sup pose usage on their side ; but the authority of Drs. John son, Ash. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Perry, Barclay, Fenning Bailey, Dyche, and Entick, is sufficient to make us sus- pect that usage has not so clearly decided ; and, there- fore, though some words of this form and number of syllables depart from the accentuation of the Latin 761 RED RED ID 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— words from which they are derived, as ignorant, labo- rant, adjutant, permanent, confident, &c, yet the gen- eral rule seems to incline to the preservation of the ac- cent of the original, when the same number of syllables are preserved in the English word — to say nothing of the more immediate formation of this word from the ju- dicial verb to recuse. — See Principles, No. 437 and 503, (b and k.) W.—[Mr. Todd has changed the accent with the following remark : " Our word was originally accented on the second syllable, as Dr. Johnson gave it, but it is now generally on the first."] RE'CUSANT* re-ku'-zant, or rrk'-ku-zant. a. Re- fusing to conform ; refusing to take certain oaths. Lord Clarendon. RECUSATION*, lek-ku-za'-shun. n. s. Refusal. Cotgrave. [In law.] The act of recusing a judge, that is, of requiring him not to try a cause in which he is supposed to be personally interested. To RECU'SE, re-ktize'. v. a. [recuse?- , Fr. 3 recuso, Lat.] To refuse : a juridical word. Digby. REDf, red. a. [peb, Sax.] Of the colour of blood; of one of the primitive colours. Shakspeare. RED*, red. n. s. Red colour. Newton. To REDA'CT*, re-dakt'. v. a. [redactus, Lat.] To force ; to reduce or shape into form. Drummcnd. Ob. T. To REDARGUE §, rld-ar'-gu. v. a. [redargue, Lat.] To refute ; to convict. Hukewill. REDARGU'TION*, red-ar-gu'-shun. n. s. [redar- futio, Lat.] A refutation ; a conviction. Bacon. DBERRIED Shrub Cassia, n.s. A plant. Miller. REDBREAST, red'-brest. n. s. A small bird so named from the colour of its breast. Thomson. RE'DCOAT, red'-kote. n. s. A name of contempt for a soldier. Dryden. To RE'DDEN, r£d'-dn. 103. v. a. To make red. Drvden. To REDDEN, red'-dn. t;. n. [peabian, Sax.] To fow red. Dryden. DDISH, red'-dlsh. a. Somewhat red. Lev. xiii. RE'DDISHNESS, rgd'-dfsh-nfis. n. s. Tendency to redness. Boyle. REDDFTION, r§d-dish'-un. n. s. [redition, Fr.; from reddo, Lat.] Restitution. Howell. Explana- tion ; representation. Milton. RE'DDITIVE, red'-de-tiv. a. [redditivus, Lat.] An- swering to an interrogative : a term of grammar. Instruct, for Oratorzj. RE'DDLE,red'-dl.405. n. s. A sort of mineral earth, remarkably heavy, and of a fine florid, though not deep-red colour. Hill. REDE, rede. n.s. [paeb, Sax.] Counsel; advice. See Read. Spenser. To REDE, rede. v. a. To advise. See To Read. To REDEE'M§, re-deem'. 246. v. a. [redimo, Lat.] To ransom ; to relieve from forfeiture or captivity by paying a price. Ruth, iv. To rescue ; to re- cover. Psalm xxv. To recompense ; to compen- sate ; to make amends for. Sidney. To free by paying an atonement. Shak. To pay the penalty of. Mdton. To perform the work of universal re- demption ; to confer the inestimable benefit of re- conciliation to God. Gal. iii. REDEEMABLE, re-deem'-a-bl. a. Capable of re- demption. Bp. Berkeley. REDEEM ABLENESS,re-deem'-a-bl-n§s. n.s. The state of being redeemable. REDEEMER, re-deem'-ur. 98. n.s. One who ran- soms or redeems ; a ransomer. Spenser. The Sa- viour of the world. Milton. To REDELFBERATE*, re-de-lib'-er-ate. v. a. [re and deliberate] To reconsider. Cotgrave. To REDELIVER, re-de-hV-ur. v. a. To deliver back. Ayliffe. REDELIVERY, re-de-tiV-ur-e. n. s. The act of delivering back. Bp. Hall. To REDEMA'ND, re-de-mand'. v. a. To demand back. Addison. REDEMPTION, re-dem'-shun. 412. n.s. [Fr. ; re- dempiio,hcd.~] Ransom; release. Milton. Purchase of God's favour by the death of Christ. Nelson. REDE'MPTORY, re-dem'-tur-e. 412. 512, 557. a. Paid for ransom. Chapman. To REDESCE'ND*, re-de-send', v. n. [re and de- scend.] To descend again. Howell. RE DGUM, r£d'-gum. n. s. [from red and gum.] A disease of children newly born. RE'DHOT, red'-hot. a. Heated to redness, Bacon. To REDINTEGRATED, re-dm'-te-grate. v. a. [re- dintegro, Lat.] To restore ; to make new. B.Jonson. REDI'NTEGRATE, re-d'fn'-te-grate. a. Restored; renewed ; made new. Bacon. REDINTEGRATION, re-dm-te-gra'-shtm. n. s. Renovation; restoration. Decay oj Christian Piety . The restoring any mixed body or matter, whose form has been destroyed, to its former nature and constitution. Quincy. To REDISBOU'RSE*, re-d?s-burse'. v. a. [re and dehourser, Fr.] To repay. Spenser. To REDISPO'SE* re-dls-p6se/. v. a. To adjust or dispose anew. A. Baxter. To REDISTRIBUTE*, re-dls-irlb'-ute. v. a. To deal back again. Cotgrave. RE'DLEAD, r§d-led'. n.s. [red and lead.] Minium; lead calcined. Peacham. RE'DLY*, red'-le. ad. With redness. Cotgrave. RE'DNESS, red'-nes. n. s. [pebneyye, Sax.] The quality of being red. Broivn. RE'DOLENCE. red'-6-lense. 503. )n. s. Sweet RE'DOLENCY', r§d'-6-l^n-se. $ scent. Boyle. RE'DQLENT^d'-o-lent. 503. a. [redolens, Lat.] Sweet of scent. Bale. To REDOUBLE, re-dub'-bl. v. a. [redoubler, Fr.] To repeat in return. Spenser. To repeat often. Shak. To increase by addition of the same quan- tity over and over. Addison. To REDOUBLE, re-dub'-bl. v. n. To become twice as much. Addison. REDOU'BT, re-ddut'. n. s. [redoute, Fr. ; ridotta, Ital.] The outwork of a fortification ; a fortress, Bacon. REDOU'BTABLE, re-dSut'-a-bl. a. [redoubtable, Fr.] Formidable ; terrible to foes. Pope. REDOU'BTED, re-dSut'-ed. a. [redoubte, Fr.] Dread ; awful ^formidable. Spenser. To REDOUND, re-d6und'. v.n. [redundo, Lat.] To be sent back by reaction. Milton. To conduce in the consequence. Addison. To proceed in the consequence. Addison. To REDRE'SSS, re-dreV. v. a. [redresser, Fr.] To set right ; to amend. Milton. To relieve ; to rem- edy; to ease. Sidney. REDRE'SS, r6-dreV. n. s. Reformation; amend- ment. Hooker. Relief; remedy. Bacon. One who gives relief. Dryden. REDRE'SSER*, re-dreV-sur. n.s. One who affords relief. Shelton. REDRE'SSIVE,re-dres'-siv. a. Succouring; afford- ing remedy. Thomson. An unauthorized word. REDRE'SSLESS*, re-dres'-les. a. Without amend- ment; without relief. Sherwood. To REDSEA'R, rgd-seer'. v.n. [red and sear.] A term of workmen ; if iron be too hot, it will redsear, that is, bieak or crack under the hammer. Moxon. RE'DSHANK, red'-shangk. n. s. [red and shank.] Bare-legged persons. Spenser. A bird. Ains- worih. RE'DSTART.red'-start.? M • A b; _ d I RE'DTAIL, red'-tale. \ n ' S ' A b,rd ' RE'DSTREAK, red'-streke. n. s. An apple. Morti- mer. Cider pressed from the redsireak. Smith. ToREDU'CE§, re-duse'. v. a. [reduco, Lat.] To bring back. Shak. To bring to the former state Milton. To reform from any disorder. Clarendon. To bring into any state of diminution. Boyle. To degrade; to impair in dignity. Tilloison. To bring into any state of misery or meanness. Arbuthnot. To subdue. Milton. To bring into any state more within reach or power. To reclaim to order. Mil- ton. To subject to a rule ; to bring into a class : as, the insects are reduced to tribes ; the variations of language are reduced to rules. REDU'tEMENT, re-duse'-ment. n.s. The act of bringing back, subduing, reforming, or diminish insr ; reduction. Bacon. 5 762 REE REF — no. move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — p6und ; — lli'm, th! REDU'CER, re-du'-sQr. 98. «. s. One that reduces. Sidney. REDUCIBLE, re-d6/-se-b!. a. Possible to be re- duced. South. REDU'CIBLENESS, re-du'-se-bl-nes. n. s. Quality of being- reducible. Boyle. [To REDU'CT*, re-dfikt 7 . v. a. [reductus, Lat.] To reduce. Warde. Ob. T. REDU'CT* re-dukt'. n. s. [In building.] A little place taken out of a larger, to make it more uni- form and regular ; or for some odier convenience. Chambers. REDUCTION, re-dfik'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act of reducing ; state of being reduced. Hale. [In arilhmetick.] Reduction brings two or more num- bers of different denominations into one denomina- tion. Cocker. REDUCTIYE, re-duk'-tlv. 157. a. [reductif, Fr.] Having the power of reducing. B remit. REDU CTIYE*. re-duk'-tiv. n. s. That which has the power of reducing. Hale. RED ACTIVELY, re-duk'-tiv-le. ad. By reduction; bv consequence. Hammond. REDUNDANCE, re-dfin'-danse. )n.s. [redundan- REDU NDANCY, re-dun'-dan-se. \ Ha, Lat.] Su- perfluitv; superabundance; exuberance. Bacon. REDU NDANT 9, re-dun' -dant. a. [redundans, Lat.] Superabundant ; exuberant ; superfluous. Milton. Using more words or images than are useful. Walts. REDUNDANTLY, re-dun'-dant-le. ad. Superflu- ouslv ; superabundantly. Dalgarno. 7\)REDUTLICATE§,re-du/-ple-kate. v. a. To double. Pearson. REDUPLICATION, re-du-ple-ka'-shun. n. s. The act of doubling. Digbv. REDUTLICA'TIYE, re-du'-ple-ka-tiv. 512. a. [re- duplicatifj Fr.] Double. Watts. REDWING, red'-wlng. n.s. A bird. Ainstcorth. To REE, re. v. a. [a corruption from the Teut. rede.~] j To riddle ; to sift. Mortimer. ToREE'CHO, re-gk'-ko. o. n. To echo back. Pope. J REE'CHY, retsh'-e. a. [from reech, corruptly formed ! from reek.] Smoky ; sooty ; tanned. Shakspeare. I REED §, reed. 2445. n.'s. [peob, Sax.; ried, Germ.] [ A hollow, knotted stalk, which grows in wet ' grounds. Miller. A small pipe, made anciently of a reed. Milton. An arrow, as made of a reed headed. Prior. REE'DED, reed'-Sd. a. Covered with reeds. REE''DEN, ree'-dn. a. Consisting of reeds. Dry den. REED-GRASS, reed'-gras. n.s. A plant ; bur-reed. REEDIFICA TION* re-ed-e-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. [re- edincation, Fr.] Act of rebuilding ; state of being re- built ; new building. Cotscrave. To REEDIFY, re-ed'-e-fl. v. a. [reedifer, Fr.] To rebuild ; to build again. Spenser. REEDLESS, reed'-ies. a. Being without reeds.! May. REE'DY, reed'-e. a. Abounding with reeds. Black- 1 more. REEFy*. reef. n. s. [Dutch.] A certain portion of a j sail, comprehended between the top and bottom I and a row of eyelet-holes parallel thereto. Cham-\ hers. \rif. Teut.] A chain of rocks, lying near the !' surface of the water. Wallis. To REEF*, reef. v. a. To reduce the surface of a sail. Haickesworth. REEKS, reek. 246. n.s. [peac, Sax.] Smoke; steam ; vapour. Scott, [reke, Germ.] A pile of corn or hay, commonly pronounced rick. Dryden. To REEK, reek. v.n. [pecan. Sax.] To smoke; to steam ; to emit vapour. Sha.kspeare. REE'KY, reek'4. a. Smoked ; tanned ; black. Shak. \ REEL y, reel. 24*5. n. s. [peol, Sax.] A turning frame, j upon which yarn is wound into skeins from the | spindle. To REEL, reel. v. a. To gather yarn off the spindle. ! W'dkins. To REEL §, reel. v. n. [rollen, Dutch • ragla,Swed.] To stagger ; to incline in walking, first to one side, and then to the other Ps. cvh' ! REEL*, reel. n.s. A kind of dance. Neices from Scot land. 4*c. REELF/CTION, re-e-lek'-sh&n. n.s. Repeated elec- tion. Swift. To REEM'BATTLE* re-em-bal'-tl. v. a. To range again in battle-array. Milton. To REENA'CT, re-en-acf. v. a. To enact anew. Arbuthnot. ToREENFO'RCEy. re-en-forse' v. a. To strength- en with new assistance or support. Shakspeare. REENFO-'RCEMENT, re-en-f&rse'-ment. n. s. Fresh assistance ; new help. Shakspeare. Iterat- ed enforcement. Ward. To REENJTO'Y, re-en-j6e'. v. a. To enjoy anew or a second time. Pope. To REENKTNDLE*, re-en-kln'-dl. v. a. To en- kindle anew. Bp. Taylor. To REENTER y\ re-eV-tur. v. a. To enter again ; to enter anew. Milton. roREENTHRO'NE^e-en-tfirone'. v. a. To replace in a throne. Southern. REENTRANCE, re-eV-transe. n. s. The act of entering again. Hooker. _ REE R310USE, rec.'r'-m6use. n. s. [hp.ep.emu]*, Sax.] A bat. See Rearmouse. To REESTABLISH y , re-e-stab'-ush. v. a. To estab lish anew, Locke. REESTA'BLISHER, re-e-stab'-lish-ur. n.s. One that establishes. Sir E. Sandus. REESTA'BLISHMENT, re-e-slab'-llsh-m&it. n. a The act of reestablishing ; die stale of being re established ; restauration. Addison. To REESTA'TE* re-e-state'. v. a. To reestablish Wallis. REEVE, reev. n. s. [xenera. Sax.] A steward. Dryden. Ob. J. To REEXAMINE, re-egz-am'-In. v. a. To examine anew. Hooker. To REFE'CT§, re-fgkt'. v.a. [refectus, Lat.] To re- fresh ; to restore after hunger or fatigue. Broicn. Ob. J. REFE'CTION, re-f ek'-shun. n. s. [refection, Fr/ Re- freshment after hunger or fatigue. Brown. RE'FECTORY, re-fek'-tur-e, or jeP-ek-t&r-e. j12. [For the o, see Domestick.] [ref -ek-tur-e. Jones. Fulton fy Knight, and Todd.] n. s. [refectoire, Fr J Room of refreshment; eating-room. Bp. Taylo . {^j" Almost all the dictionaries I have consulted, ez'jept Mr. Sheridan's, place the accent on the second syllable of this word ; and yet, so prevalent has the latter ac- centuation been of late years, that Mr. Xares is reduced to hope it is not fixed beyond recovery. There is, in- deed, one reason why this word ought not to have the accent on the first syllable, and that is, the two mutes in the second and third, which are not so easily pro- nounced when the accent is removed from them as the mules and liquids in accessory, consistory, desultory, &.C. ; and, therefore, I am decidedly in favour of the ac- centuation on the second syllable, which is that adopted by Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, VV. Johnston, Mr. Kares, Buchanan, Perry, Scott. Bailey, Barclay, and En- tick, as all words of this termination have the accent on the same syllable. — See Refractory. Peremptory Corruptible, and Irrefragable. W. To REFE'L, re-feK. v. a. [re/ello, Lat.] To refute to repress. Shakspeare. To REFERS, re-fey. v.a. [refero, Lat. ; referer, Fr.] To dismiss for information or judgement. Burnet. To betake to for decision. Siiak. To reduce to, as to the ultimate end. Bacon. To reduce, as to a class. Boyle . To REFER, re-fer 7 . v. n. To respect ; to have rela ■ tion. Burnet. To appeal. Bacon. REFERABLE*, ref-fer-a-bl. a. Capable of being considered, as in relation to something else. More REFEREE 7 ', ref-er-ee'. n. s. One to whom any thing is referred. U Estrange. RE TERENCE, reF-7er-£nse. n. s. Relation ; re- spect ; view towards ; allusion to. Hooker. Dismis- sion to another tribunal. Swift. REFERE NDARY, ref-er-e^-dar-e. n. s. [referen- dus, Lat.] Oue to whose decision any thing "is re ferred. Bac&n. [referendarius, Lat.] An officer " 763 REF REF ICr 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— who delivered the royal answer to petitions. Har- mar. REFE'RMENT*, re-fer'-ment. n. s. Reference for decision. Abp. Laud. To REFERME'NT, re-fer-meut'. v. a. To ferment anew. Blackmore. REFE'RRIBLE, re-fer'-re-bl. a. Capable of being- considered, as in relation to something else. Brown. To REFFND*, re-find', v. a. To find again j to ex- perience again. Sandys. To REFFNE §, re-f Ine'. v. a. [rqfiner, Fr.] To pu- rify 3 to clear from dross and recrement. Zech. xiii. To make elegant 3 to polish 3 to make accurate. Peacham. To REFFNE, re-flne'. v. n. To improve in point of accuracy or delicacy. Dryden. To grow pure. Addison. To affect nicety. Atterbury. REFI'NEDLY, re-f Ine'-ed-'le. 364. ad. With affected elegance. Drt/den. REFFNEDNESS*, re-flne'-£d-nes. n.s. State of be- ing purified. Feltham. Affected purity. Barrow. REFINEMENT, re-flne'-ment. n. s. The act of pu- rifying, by clearing any thing from dross and recre- mentitious matter. The state of being pure. Nor- ris. Improvement in elegance or purity. Swift. Artificial practice. Rogers. Affectation of elegant improvement. Addison. REFFNER, re-fl'-nur. n. s. Purifier 3 one who clears from dross cr recrement. Bacon. Improver in ele- gance. Swift. Inventor of superfluous subtil ties. Addison. To REFFT, re-f ft', v. a. [refait, Fr. ; re and ft] To repair 3 to restore after damage. Woodward. To REFLECTS, re-flelu'. v. a. [reflecto, Lat.] To throw back ; to cast back. Sand*ys. To REFLECT, re-fle'kt'. v.n. To throw back light. Shak. To bend back. Bentley. To throw back the thoughts upon the past or on themselves. Bp. Taylor. To consider attentively. Prior. To throw reproach or censure. Swift. To bring re- proach. Dryden. REFLE'CTENT, re-flek'-tent. a. [refectens, Lat.] Bending back ; flying back. Digby. REFLECTION, re-flek'-shfin. n. s. The act of throwing back. Shak. The act of bending back. Bentley. That which is reflected. Shak. Thought thrown back upon the past, or the absent, or on it- self. Denliam. The action of the mind upon itself. Locke. Attentive consideration. South. Censure. Prior. REFLECTIVE, re-flek'-t?v. a. Throwing back im- ages. Dryden. Considering things past 3 consider- ing the operations of the mind. Prior. REFLE'CTOR, re-flek'-ttir. n. s. Considered Boyle. That which reflects 5 a reflecting telescope. REFLE'X, re'-fleks." a. [reflexus, Lat.] Directed backward. Hale. REFLE'X, re-fleks'. n. s. Reflection. Hooker. 7V> REFLE'X*, re-fleks'. v. a. To reflect. Shak. To bend back 3 to turn back. Gregory. Ob. T. REFLEXIBI'LFTY, re-ftfks-e-b'il'-e-te. n. s. The quality of being reflexible. Newton. REFLE'XIBLE, re-fleks'-e-bl. a. Capable to be thrown back. Cheyrie. REFLE'XIVE, re-fleks'-lv. a. Having respect to something past. Hammond. Having a tendency to reproach or censure. South. REFLE'XIVELY, re-fleks'-iv-le. ad. In a backward direction. Gov. of the Tongue. With a tendency to censure or reproach. South. REFLOA'T, re-fiote'. n. s. Ebb ; reflux. Bacon. To REFLOU'RISH, re-flur'-rish. v. n. To flourish anew. Milton. To REFLO'W $, re-fl6'. v. n. [rejluo, Lat.] To flow back. W. Browne. RE'FLUENCY*, ref-flu-en-se. n. s. Quality or state of flowing back. W. Mountague. RE'FLUENT, ref'-flu-ent. 518. a. [refuens, Lat.] Running back ; flowing r>ack. Arbuthnot. REFLU X, re'-fluks.rt.s. {reflux, Fr. ; rejluxus, Lat.] Backward course of water. Milton. To REFOCILLATE §*, re-f 6s'-sil-late. v. a. [refo- ciller, Fr. 3 refocillo, Lat.] To strengthen by re« freshment. Aubrey. REFOCILLA'TIQN, rc-f6s~s?l-la'-shan. n. s. Res toration of strength by refreshment. Middleton. To REFOME'NT* re-f6-ment'. v. a. [re and foment.] To cherish or warm again. Cotgrave. To REFORM §, re-f6rm'. v. a. [reformo, Lat. ; re former, Fr.] To form again : the primary mean ing. Gower. To change from worse to better Hooker. To REFORM, re-farm', v. n. To pass by change from worse to better. REFORM, re-form', n. s. [Fr.] Reformation. Burke. REFORMA'DO*, ref-6r-ma'-d6. n. s. [Span.] A monk adhering to the reformation of his order. Weever. An officer retained in a regiment, when his company is disbanded. B. Jonson. To REFORMALIZE*, re-f6r'-mal-lze. v. n. [rz and formalize.'] To affect reformation j to pretend correctness. Loe. REFORMATION, ref-for-ma'-shun.531. n.s. [Fr.] Act of forming anew 3 renovation 3 regeneration. Pearson. Change from worse to better : common- ly used of human manners. Addison. By way of eminence : the change of religion from the corrup tions of popery to its primitive state. Atterbury. REFORMER, re-f'6rm'-ur. n. s. One who makes a change for the better ; an ameuder. King Charles. One of those who changed religion from popish corruptions and innovations. Bacon. REFORMIST*, re-f6r'-mist. n. s. One who is of the reformed churches. Howell. In recent times, one who proposes political reforms. REFOSSION*, re-fosh' &n. n. s. [refossus, Lat.] Act of digging up. Bp Hall. To REFOtj'ND*, re-f Sfind'. v. a. {re and found.] To cast anew. Warton. ToREFRA'CT§,re-frakt'. v. a. [n?/ratf ws, Lat.] To break the natural course of rays. Chevne. REFRA'CTION, re-frak'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr.] The in curvation or change of determination in the body moved, which happens to it whilst it enters or pene- trates any medium : in dioptricks, it is the varia- tion of a ray of light from that right line, which it would have passed on in, had not the density of the medium turned it aside. Harris. REFRA'CTIVE, re-frak'-uv. a. Having the power of refraction. Newton. REFRA'CTORINESS, re-frak'-tur-e-nes. n. s. Sul- len obstinacy. King Charles. RE'FRACTORY§, re-frak'-t&r-e. a. [refractaire, Fr. ; refractarius, Lat.] Obstinate ; perverse 3 con- tumacious. Shakspeare. 0tj= All our orthoepists, except Bailey and Dyche, [anr Todd] place the accent on the second syllable of this word ; and we need but attend to the difficulty and in- distinctness which arises from placing the accent on the first syllable, to condemn it. The mutes c hard and t are . formed by parts of the organs so distinct from each other, that, without the help of the accent to strengthen the or- gans, they are not very readily pronounced — to say no- thing of the difficulty of pronouncing the substantive re- fractoriness and the adverb refractorily^ with the accent on the first syllable, which must necessarily be the case if we accent "the first syllable of this word.— See Coa RTJFTIBLE. W. RE'FRACTORY*, re-frak'-t&r-e. n. s. An obstinate person. Bp. Hall. Obstinate opposition. Bp. Tay- lor. RE'FRAGABLE, ref'-fra-ga-bl. a. [refragabilis, Lat.] Capable of confutation and conviction. f)^= In this word there is not the same concurrence of " consonants as in the last, and, consequently, not the same reason for placing the accent on the second sylla- ble. — See Irrefragable. W. To REFRAW, re-fmne'. v. a. [refrener,Vr.^ re and frcenum, Lat.] To hold back 3 to keep from action. Psalm lxxxiii. To REFRA'IN, re-frane'. v. n. To forbear 3 to ab- stain ; to spare. Hooker. -,,„,. . REFRA'IN*, re-frane'. n. s. [refrain, Fr.] The bur 7G4 REF REG — n6, move, n6r, not ;— to.be, tab, bull ;— 6)1 ;— pound ;— th'm, THis. den of a song-, or piece of musick ; a kind of mu- sical repetition. Mason. To REFRA'ME*, re-frame', v. a. To put together as'ain. Hakewill. REFRANGIBI'LITY, re-fran-ie-b?l'-e-te. n. s. Re- frangibility of the rays of light is their disposition to be refracted or turned oufof their way, in pass- ing out of one transparent body or medium into another. Newton. REFRA'NGIBLEy, re-fran'-je-bl.a. [re and frango, Lat.] Capable of being refracted. Locke. 11EFREN A'TION, rei-fre-na'-shfln. n. s. [Fr. ; re o.ndfrce>io, Lat.] The act of restraining. ITo REFRESH $, re-fresh', v.a. [refraischir, Fr.] To recreate ; to relieve after pain, fatigue, or want. Shak. To improve by new touches any thing impaired. Dnjden. To refrigerate j to cool. Ecceus. xliii. REFRESH*, re-fresh'', n. s. Act of refreshing. Daniel. Oh. T. REFRESHER, re-fresh'-fir. 98. n. s. That which refreshes. Thomson. REFRESHING*, re-fresh'-lng. n. s. Relief after pain, fatigue, or want. Milton. REFRESHMENT, re-frcsh'-menj. n.s. Relief after S>ain, want, or fatigue. That which gives relief, as bod, rest. South. REFRET, re-fret', n. s. The burden of a song. Diet. REFRI'GERANT,re-fr?d'-jer-ant.a. [Fr.] Cooling ; mitigating heat. Bacon. REFRIGERANT*, re-frM'-jer-ant. n. s. A cooling medicine. Wiseman. To REFRI'GERATE§, re-frid'-jer-ate. 91. v. a, [refrigero, Lat.] To cool. Bacon. REFRIGERATION, re-fr?d-j£r-a'-shun. n.s. \re- frigeratio, Lat.] The act of cooling ; the state of being cooled. Bacon. REFRI'GERATIVE, re-frid'-jer-a-tlv. 512. 1 REFRI'GERATORY,re-fr?d'-jeT-a-tur-e.512,517. j a. [refrigeratif , Fr. ; refrigeratorius , Lat.] Cool- ing ; having the power to cool. Ferrand. REFRIGERATORY, re-ftfd'-jer-a-t&r-e. [See Do- mestics.] n.s. That part of a distilling vessel that is placed about the head of a still, and filled with water to cool the condensing vapours. Quincij. Any thing internally cooling. Mortimer. REFRIGERIUM, ref-re-je'-re-fim. n.s. [Lat.] Cool refreshment ; refrigeration. South. REFT, reft. part. pret. of reave. Deprived ; taken away. Ascham. preterit of reave. Took away. Spenser. Ob. J. REFT* reft. n.s. A chink. See Rift. RE'FUGE $, ref'-fudje. n. s. [Fr. ; refugium, Lat.] Shelter from any danger or distress ; protection. MiUon. That which gives shelter or protection. Ps. ix. Expedient in distress. Shakspeare. Expe- dient in general. Wotton. To RE'FUGE, ref-fudje. v. a. [refugier, Fr.] To shelter ; to protect. Shakspeare. To RE'FUGE*, ret'-ft'idje. v. n. To take refuge. Sir J. Finett. REFUGEE', reT-fu-j.ee'. n.s. [refugii, Fr.] One who flies to shelter or protection. Dry den. REFU'LGENCE, re-fal'-jenae. ) n. s. Splen- REFU'LGENCY*, re-ffil'-jen-se. $ dour; bright- ness. Knatchbidl. REFULGENT^, re-ffil'-jent. 177. a. [refulgent, old Fr. ; refulgens, Lat.] Bright; shining; glittering; splendid. Waller. REFU'LGENTLY, re-ffil'-jent-le. ad. In a shining manner. To REFU'ND, re-fund', v. n. [refundc, Lat.] To pour back. Ray. To repay what is received ; to restore. South. REFUSABLE*, re-fu'-za-bl. a. That' may be refus- ed ; fit to be refused. Young. REFUSAL, re-fiV-zal. 88. n. s. The act of refusing ; denial of any thing demanded or solicited. Rogers. The preemption ; the right of having any thing be- fore another ; option. Swift. To REFUSES, re-fuze'. 492. v.a. [refuser, Fr.] To deny what is solicited or required. Hammond. To reject ; to dismiss without a grant. Sluxkspeare. To REFUSE, re-fuze', v. n. Not to accept 5 not to comply. Garth. RE'FUSE, ref-use. a. Unworthy of reception ; left when the rest is taken. 1 Sam. xv. RE'FUSE, ref-use. 437, 492. n.s. [re/us, Fr.] That which remains disregarded when the rest L taken. Bacon. Refusal ; with the accent on the last syl lable. Fairfax. 05" I have given the sharp and hissing sound to the s in this word, according to the analogy of substantives of this form which have a corresponding verb, and im- agine I havg the best usage on my side, though none of our orthoe'pists, except Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Narcs, and W. Johnston, have made this distinction. W. REFUSER, re-fu'-zSr. 98. n. s. One who refuses. Bp. Taylor. REFU'T ABLE*, re-f u'-ta-bl. a. That may be p. oved false or erroneous. REFU'TAL. re-fu'-tal. 88. n. s. Refutation. Diet. REFUTATION, ref-m-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [refutatio, Lat.] The act of refuting; the act of proving false or erroneous. Benlley. To REFU'TE§, re-fute'. v. a. [refuto, Lat.; refuter, Fr.] To prove false or erroneous. Milton. REFU'TER*, re-fu'-t5r. n. s. One Hall. who refutes. Bp. To REGA'IN, re-gane'. v. a. [regagner, Fr.] To re cover; to gain anew. Milton. RE'GAL§, re'-gal. a. [Fr. ; regalis, Lat.] Royal; kingly. Shakspeare. RE'GAL, re'-gal. n. s. [regale, Fr.] A musical in- strument. Bacon. REGA'LE,vh-gk\e'. n.s. [Lat.] The prerogative of monarchy. To REGALE^, re-gale', v. a. [regaler, Fr.] To re- fresh; to entertain; to gratify. PI. .Hips. ToREGA'LE*, re-gale', v.n. To feast; to fare sumptuously. Shenstone. REGALE, re-gale', n. s. An entertainment; a treat. REGA'LEMENT, re-gale'-ment. n. s. [Fr.] Re- freshment ; entertainment. Phillips. REGALIA, re-ga'-le-a. 92,113. n.s. [Lat.] En- signs of royally. Young. REGA'LITY, re-gal'-£-te. n. s. [regalis, Lat.] Roy- alty; sovereignty; kingship. Spenser. An ensign or token of royalty. Sir T. Elyot. RE'GALLY*, re'-gal-le. ad. In a regal manner. Milton. To REGA'RD §,re-gard'. 92,160. v.a. [regarder, Fr.] To value ; to attend to as worthy of notice. Shak. To observe ; to remark. Shak. To mind as an ob- ject of grief or terrour. 2 Mace. \Y\. To observe re- ligiously. Rom. xiv. To pay attention to Prov- erbs. To respect; to have relation to. To look towards. Sandys. REGA'RD, re-gard'. [See Guard.] n.s. [Fr.] Atten- tion as to a matter of importance. Spenser. Respect; reverence; attention. Ads? viii. Note; eminence. Spenser. Respect; account. Hooker. Relation reference. Milton. Look ; aspect directed to an- other. Milton. Prospect ; object of sight. Shak. Matter demanding notice. Spenser. REGA'RDABLE, re-gard'-a-bl. a. Observable. Brown. Worthy of notice. Carew. Ob. J. REG A'RDER. re-gard'-ur. 98. n. s. One that regards. Judg. ix. An officer of the king's forest, whose business was to view and inquire into matters re- specting it. Howell. REGA'RD FUL, re-gard'-ful. a. Attentive; taking notice of. Haijicard. REGA'RDFULLY, re-gard'-ful-e. ad. Attentively; heedfully. Respectfully. Sliakspeare. REGA'RDLESS, re-gard'-les. a. Heedless ; negli- gent; inattentive. Spenser. Not regarded; slight- ed. Spectator. REGA'RDLESSLY, re-gard'-l£s-le. ad. Witliout heed. Sir M. Sandys. REGA'RDLESSNESS,re-gard'-les-nes. n.s. Heed lessness; negligence; inattention. W hillock. 765 REG REG [LT 559.— File, far, fail, fat ;-me ; met 5— pine, pin ;- REGA'TTA*, re-gat'-ta. n. s. [Ital.] A kind of boat-race. Drummond. RE'GENCY, re'-j^n-se. n. s. Authority; govern- ment. Hooker. Vicarious government. Temple. The district governed by a vicegerent. Milton. Those collectively to whom vicarious regality is intrusted : as, The regency transacted affairs in the king's absence. Loicth. REGE'NERACY*, re-jen'-er-a-se. n. s. State of being regenerate. Hammond. !To REGENERATES, re-jen'-Cr-ate. v. a. [regen- ero, Lat.] To reproduce ; to produce anew. Davies. To make to be born anew; to renew by change of carnal nature to a Christian life. Addison. REGE'NERATE, re-jen'-§r-at. 91. a. [regeneratus , Lat.] Reproduced. Shak. Bora anew by grace to a Christian life. Milton. REGE'NERATENESS, re-jen'-gr-at-nes. n. s. The state of being regenerate. REGENERATION, re-jen-er-a'-shan. n. s. [Fr.] New birth ; birth by grace from carnal affections to a Christian life. Tit. iii. RE' GENT§, re'-jent. a. [Fr. ; regens, Lat.] Govern- ing' ; ruling. Hale. Exercising vicarious authority. Milton. RE'GENT, re'-jent. n. s. Governour ; ruler. Milton. One invested with vicarious royalty. Slwk. One of a certain standing, who taught in our universities ; the word formerly in use for a professor ; retained in the present academical designation of doctors of every faculty, and masters of arts, whether as necessary regents, regents ad placitum, or non-re- gents. RE'GENTESS*, re'-jent-Ss. n. s. [regente, Fr.] Pro- tectress of a kingdom. Cotgp-ave. RE'GENTSHIP, re'-jent-shlp. n. s. Power of gov- erning. Deputed authority. Shakspeare. REGERMINATION,re-jer-me-na'-shun. n.s. [re and germination.] The act of sprouting again. | Gregory. REGE'ST*, re-jest 7 , n. s. [registum, Lat.] A regis- ter. Milton. RE'GIBLE, red'-je-bl. 405. a. Governable. RE'GICIDE, red'-je-slde. 143. n, s. [regicida, Lat.] Murderer of his king. Dryden. Murder of his kingf. Decay of Chr. Piety. RE'GIMEN, red'-je-m&n. n. s. [Lat.] That care in diet and living, that is suitable to every particular course of medicine, or state of body. Swift. RE'GIMENT §, red'-je-ment. n. s. {regiment, old Fr.] Established government ; polity ; mode of rule. Hooker. Ruie; authority. Hale. A body of sol- diers under one colonel. Shakspeare. REGIME'NTAL, red-je-ment'-al. a. Belonging to a regiment; militar\\ Langton. REGIME'NTALS*, red-Je-ment'-als. n.s. pi. The uniform dress of a regiment of soldiers. Goldsmith. RE'GION, re'-jun. 290. n. s. [Fr. ; regio, Lat.] Tract ! of land ; country ; tract of space. Sluxk. Part of the body. Shak. Place ; rank. Shakspeare. REGISTER §, red'-j?s-tur. 93. n. s. [registre, Fr. ; registnmi, Lat. ; a corruption of regestum.'] An ac- count of any thing regularly kept. Spenser, [regis- trarius, law Lat.] The officer whose business is to write and keep the register. Abp. Laud. [In chvm- istry.] A sliding plate of iron, which, in small chimneys, regulates the heat of the fire : hence the modern term, a register stove. B. Jonson. A slid- ing piece of wood, called a stop, in an organ, per- forated with a number of holes answerable to those in a sound board ; which being drawn one way stops them, and the other opens them, for the re- admission of wind into the pipes. Mason. One of the inner parts of the mould wherein printing types are cast ; and also the disposing of the forms of the press, so as that the lines and pages printed on one side the sheet meet exactly against those on the other. Chambers. ?oRE'GISTER, red'-jls-tur. v. a. [registrer, Fr.] j To record ; to preserve from oblivion by authen- ' tick accounts. Addison. To enrol ; to set down ii a list. Milton. RE'GISTERSHIP*, red'-jls-tur-shfp. n. s. The o! fice of register. Abp. Laud. REGISTRAR*, rSd'-jis-trar. ) n. s. [registra- RE'GISTRARY*, red'-jls-trar-e. \ rius, law Lat.] An officer whose business is to write and keep the register. Warton. REGISTRATION*, red-jis-tra'-sh&n. n. s. Act of inserting in the register. Slackhouse. RE'GISTRY, red'-jls-tre. n. s. The act of inserting in the register. Graunt. The place where the register is kept. A series of facts recorded. Temvte. RE'GLEMENT, reg'-gl-ment. n. s. [Fr.] Regula- tion. Bacon. Ob. J. RE'GLET, reg'-let. n. s. [regletfe, from regie, Fr.] Ledge of wood exactly planed, by which printers separate their lines in pages widely printed. RE'GNANT, reg'-nant. a. [Fr.] Reigning; having regal authority. Wolton. Predominant; preva- lent ; having power. Waller. To REGO'RGE, re-g6rje'. v. a. [re zmdgarge.'] To vomit up ; to throw back. Hayward. To swallow eagerly. Milton, [regorger, Fr.] To swallow back Dryden. To REGRA'DE*, re-grade', v. n. [rcgredior, Lat • re and gradus.~\ To retire. Dr. Hales. To REGRA'FT, re-graft', v. a. [rrgreffer, Fr.] To graft again. Bacon. To REGRA'NT, re-grant', v. a To grant back. Ayliffe. To REGRA'TE §, re-grate', v. a. To offend; to shock. Derham. [regrater, Fr.] To engross; to forestall. Spense?'. REGRA'TER, re-grate'-ur. 98. n. s. [regrateur,Yv.'\ Forestaller; engrosser; originally, a seller byre- tail ; a huckster. Toiler. To REGREE'T, re-greet', v. a. To resalute 3 to greet a second time. Shakspeare. REGREE'T, re-greet', n. s. Return or exchange of salutation. Shakspeare. Ob. J. REGRESS, re'-grgs. n.s. [regrh, Fr. ; regressus. Lat.] Passage back; power of passing back. Bur- net. To REGRE'SS, re-greV. v. n. To go back; to re- turn ; to pass back to a former state or place. REGRESSION, re-gresh'-un. n. s. The act of re- turning or going back. REGRET^, re-greV. n.s. [regret, Fr.; regretto, Ital. ; greitan, Goth.] Vexation at something past ; bitterness of reflection. South. Grief; sorrow. Clarendon. Dislike ; aversion. Decay of Chr. Piety. To REGRE'T, re-gret'. v. a. [regretter, Fr.] To re- pent ; to grieve at. Boyle. To be uneasy at Glanville. REGRE'TFUL* re-gret'-ful. a. Full of regret. Fan- REGRE'TFULLY*, re-greV-ful-le. ad. With regret. Greenhill. REGUE'RDON, re-ger'-dfin. [See Guerdon.] n. s. [re and guerdon] Reward; recompense. Shak speare. Oh. J. To REGUE'RDON, re-ger'-dun. v. a. To reward Shakspeare. Ob. J. RE'GULAR$,reg'-u-!ar. 179. a. [regulier, Fr. ; reg- ulars, Lat.] Agreeable to rule ; consistent with the mode prescribed. Guardian. Governed by strict regulations. Pope. [In geometry.] Regular body is a solid, whose surface is composed of regular and equal figures, and whose solid angles are all equal. Beniley. Instituted or initiated according to established forms or discipline: as, a regular doctor ; regular troops. Methodical ; orderly. Law. REGULAR, reg'-u-lar. n. s. [regidier, Fr.] In the Romish church all persons are regulars, that pro. fess and follow a certain rule of life, and likewise observe the three approved vows of poverty, chas- titv, and obedience. Ayliffe. REGULA'RITY, reg-ih lar'-e-te. n. s. [regularite, Fr.] Agreeableness to rule. Method; certain or- der. Greir. PJEGULARLY, reg'-u-lar-le. ad. Li a manner con cordant to rule ; exactly^. Di-yden. 766 REI REK -n6, move, n&r, not ; — tube, tub, bull;— 611; — p6&nd; — thin, th'is. To RE'GULATE $, reg''-u-late. v. a. [regula, Lat.] To adjust by rule or method. Locke. To direct. Wiseman. REGULATION, reg-iVla'-shun. n. s. The act of regulating. Rati. Method} the effect of being regulated". Blackstone. REGULATOR, reg'-u-la-tur. 521. n. s. One that regulates. Grew. That part of a machine which makes the motion equable. RE'GULUS, reg'-u-lfts. n. s. [Lat. 5 regule, Fr.] The finer and most weighty part of metals, which settles at the bottom upon melting. Quiticy. To REGURGITATES, re-gur'-je-tate. v. a. [re and gurges, Lat.] To throw back ; to pour back. Graunt. To REGURGITATE, re-gur'-je-tate. v. n. To be poured back. Harvey. REGURGITATION, re-gur-je-uV-shun. n. s. Re- sorption 5 the act of swallowing back. Sharp. To REHABILITATED, re-ha-bll'-e-tate. v. a (re and liabilitate ; rehabiliter, Fr.] To restore a de- inquent to former rank, privilege, or right ; to quali- fy again : a term both of the civil ana canon law. Chambers. REHABILITATION*, re-ha-bn-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. Act of restoring to a right or privilege which had been forfeited. Stuart. To REHEAR S, re-here'. v. a. To hear again : prin- cipally a law expression. CJiambers. REHEARING*, re-here'-Ing. n. s. [from rehear.] A second heariug. Addison. REHEARSAL, re-heV-sal. 442. n. s. Repetition ; recital. Hooker. The recital of any thing previous to publick exhibition. Dryden. To REHEARSE S, re-herse'. v. a. To repeat; to recite. Ecclus. xix. To relate; to tell. Dryden. To recite previously to publick exhibition. Dry- den. REHEARSER* re-heW-ur. n. s. One who re- cites. Johnson. REFGLE, re'-g!. n. s. [reigle, Fr. ; from regula, Lat.] A hollow cut to guide any thing. Carew. To REIGNS, rane. 249. v.n. [regno, Lat.; regner, Fr.] To enjoy or exercise sovereign authority. Sidney. To be predominant; to prevail. Bacon. To obtain power or dominion. Rom. v. REIGN, rane. 385. n.s. [regne, Fr.; regnum, Lat.] Royal authority ; sovereignty. Pope. Time of a king's government. Bramston. Kingdom ; do- minions. Prior. Power ; influence. Cliavmati. REl'GNER*, ra'-nur. n. s'. Ruler. Sherwood. To REIMBO'DY, re-lm-bod'-e. v. n. To imbody again. Boyle. To REIMBURSE, re-?m-burse'. v. a. [rembourser, Fr.] To repay ; to repair loss or expense by an equivalent. Swift. REIMBURSEMENT, re-?m-burse'-ment. n. s. Rep- aration or repayment. Ayliffe. REIMBURSER*, re-?m-bur'-sur. n. s. One who repavs, or makes reparation. Shenvood. To REIMPORT U'NE* re-im-p6r-uW. v. a. To importune or entreat again. Cotgrave. To REIMPL ANT*, re-im-plant 7 . v. a. To plant or graft again. Bp. Taylor. To RELMPRE GNATE, re-lm-preg'-nate. v. a. To impregnate anew. Brown. REIMPRE'SSION, re-im-presh'-un. n. s. A second or repeated impression. Clem. Spelmatt. To REIMPRFNT*, re-lm-prlnt'. v. a. To imprint again. Spelman. REINS, rane. 249. n. s. [rein, Fr.] The part of the bridle, which extends from the horse's head to the driver's or rider's hand. Shak. Used as an instru- ment of government, or for government. Shak. ' — To give the reins. To give license. Milton. To REIN, rane. v. a. To govern by a bridle, Chap- man. To restrain ; to control. SLakspeare. To REINGRA'TIATE*, re-fn-gra'-she-ate. v. a. To ingratiate again; to recommend to favour aerain. Sir T. Herbert. 7'o ttE IN HABIT*, re-in-hab'-lt. v. a. To inhabit again. Mede. REINLESS^rane'-les.a. Witboutrein; unchecked Mirror for Magistrates. REINS, ranz. n. s. [renes, Lat. ; reins, Fr.] The kidnevs; the lower part of the back. Job, xix. To REINSERT, re-fn-sert'. v. a. To insert a second time. To REINSPIRE, re-hi spire', v. a. To inspire anew. Milton. To REINSTAL. re-ln-stall'. 406. v. a. [re and in sta!.] To seat again. Milton. To put again in possession. Siiaksveare. To REINSTATE* re-m-state 7 . v. a. [re and instate.] To put ajjain in possession. Goo. of the Tongue. To REINTEGRATE, re-ln'-te-grate. v. a. [rein- tegrer, Fr. ; re and integer, Lat.] To renew with regard to any state or quality; to repair; to re- store. Bacon. To REINTHRO'NE*, re-m-tftrone'. v. a. To place again upon the throne. Sir T. Herbert. To REINTHRO NIZE*, re-ln-Z/zr6'-nize. v. a. To reinthrone. Howell. To REINTERROGATE*, re-m-teV-r6-gate. v. a. To question repeatedly. Cotgrave. To REINVE'ST, re-m-vesf. v. a. To invest anew. Donne. REIT, rete. n. s. Sedge or sea-weed. Bp. Rich' ardson. REFTER*, rl'-u'ir. n. s. [reiter, Germ.] A rider ; a trooper. See Rutter. To REITERATE §, re-it'-ter-ate. v. a. [re and itero, Lat. ; reiterer, Fr.] To repeat again and again. Shakspeare. REITERATION, re-ft-t*r-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Rep- etition. Bovle To REJE'CT §, re-jekt'. v. a. [rejecter, Fr. ; rejicio, rejectus, Lat.] To dismiss without compliance with proposal or acceptance of offer. Knolles. To cast off; to make an abject. 1 Sam. xv. To refuse ; not to accept. Hos. iv. To throw aside as use- less or evil. Beattie. REJE'CTABLE*, re-jek'-ta-bl. a. That may be re- jected. Cotgrave. REJECTA'NEOUS*, re-jek-ta'-ne-us. a. [rejecta- ' ruins, Lat.] Not chosen ; rejected. More. REJE'CT ER*, re-jek'-tfir. n. s. One who rejects; a refuser. Clarke. REJECTION, re-jeV-shfm. n. s. [rqeciio, Lat.] The act of casting off or throwing aside. Bacon. To REJOPCE $, re-j6ese'. 299. v. n. [rejouir, Fr.] To be glad ; to joy ; to exult. Zeph. ii. ToREJOFCE, re-j6ese'. v. a. To exhilarate; to gladden ; to make joyful; to glad. Stow. REJOICE*, re-j6ese'. "n. s. Act of rejoicing. Brown. Ob. T. REJGPCER, re-j6e'-sur. 98. n. s. One that rejoices. Bp. Taylor. REJOICING*, re-joe'-slng. n. s. Expression of joy ; subject of jov. Psalm cxix. REJOFCINGLY*, re-j6e -sing-le. ad. With joy; with exultation. Sheldon. To REJOIN §, re-j61n'. 299. v. a. [rejoindre, Fr.] To join again. Brown. To meet one again. Pope. To R.EJOFN, re-join 7 , v. n. To answer to an answer. Dryden. REJOINDER, re-j6ir.'-dur. 98. n. s. Reply to an answer. Glanville. Replv ; answer. S/iakspeare. To REJOFNDER*, re-jofn'-dur. v. n. To make a replv. Hammond. To REJOFNT*, re-jolnt 7 . v. a. To reunite the joints. Barrow. REJO'LT, re-jo!t'. n.s. [rejailir, Fr.] Shock; suc- cession. South. To REJOURN*, re-jurn'. v. a. [readjou}-ner,Fr.] To adjourn to another hearing or inquiry. Burton. To REJU'DGE, re-jfidje'. v. a. To re-examine; tc review ; to recall to a new trial. Pope. REJUYENE'SCENCE*, re-ju-ve-neV-sense. > REJUVENE'SCENCY* re-ju-ve-nes'-s^n-se. \ [re and fuvenescens, Lat.] State of being yoang again. Smith. To REKFNDLE, re-kin'-dl. v. a. To set on fire again. Cheyne. 767 REL REL O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mh ;—plne, pfn ;— To KELA'PSE $, re-lapse', w. w. [/Wajwms, Lat.] To I slip back ; to slide or fall back. To fall back into I vice or errour. Bp. Taylor. To foil back from a state of recovery to sickness. Wiseman. REL A 'PSE. re-lapse', n. s. Fall into vice or errour once forsaken. Milton. Regression from a state of recovery to sickness. Spenser. Return to any state. Sliak. A person fallen into an errour once forsaken. Fox's Acts. RELA'PSER*, re-lap'-sur. n. s. One who falls into vice or errour once forsaken. Bp. Hall. To RELATE §, re-late', v. a. [relatus, Lat.] To tell ; to recite. Shak. To vent by words. Bacon. To ally by kindred. Pope, To bring back ; to restore : a Latinism. Spenser. To RELATE, re-late', v. n. To have reference ; to have respect ; to have relation. South. RELA'TER, re-la'-lur. 93. n. s. [relateur, Fr.] Tel- ler; narrator; historian. Beaumont and Fletcher. RELATION, re-la'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Manner of be- longing to any person or thing. Waller. Respect ; reference ; regard. Dryden. Connexion between one thing and another. Beattie. Kindred; alliance of kin. Milton. Person related by birth or mar- riage; kinsman; kinswoman. Swift. Narrative ; tale ; account ; narration ; recital of facts. Burnet. RELATIONSHIP* re-la'-shun-ship. n. s. The state of being related to another either by kindred, or any artificial alliance. Mason. RE'LATIVE, rel'-a-t?v. 158. a. [relations, Lat. ; rela- tif, Fr.] Having relation ; respecting. Locke. Considered not absolutely, but as belonging to, cr respecting something else. Hobjday. Particular; positive ; close in connexion. Sliakspeare. RE'LATIVE, reT-a-tfv. n. s. Relation ; kinsman. Bp. Taylor. Pronoun answering to an antecedent. | Ascham. Somewhat respecting something else. Locke. RELATIVELY, rei'-a-tfv-le. ad. As it respects something else ; not absolutely. More. RE'LATIVENESS, red'-a-liv-r.es. n. s. The state of having relation. To RELA'X $, re-laks'. v. a. [relaxo, Lat.] To slacken ; to make less tense. Bacon. To remit ; to make less severe or rigorous. Swift. To make less attentive or laborious. Vanity of Hum. WisJies. To ease ; to divert : as, Conversation ralaxes the student. Tc open ; to loose. Milton. To RELA'X, re-laks'. v. n. To be mild ; to be re- miss ; to be not rigorous. Prior. RELA'X*, re-laks'. n. s. Relaxation. Feltham. RELA'XABLE*, re-laks'-a-bl. a. That may be re- mitted. Barrow. RELAXATION, reM-aks-a'-shun. 530. n. s. [relax- alio. Lat.] Diminution of tension ; the act of loos- ening. Bacon. Cessation of restraint. Burnet. Re- mission; abatement of rigour. Hooker. Remission of attention or application. Gov.oftlie Tongue. RELA'XATIVE*, re-laks'-a-u\\ n. s. [relaxatus, Lat.] That which has power to relax. B. Jonson. RELA'Y, re-la', n. s. [relais, Fr.] Hunting-dogs kept in readiness at certain places to follow the deer, when the dogs which have been pursuing are wearied; horses on the road to relieve others in a journey. Clia?icer. RELEA'SABLE*,re-lese'-a-bl. a. Capable of being released. Selden. To RELEA'SE §, re-lese'. 227. v. a. [relascher, re- laxer, Fr.] To set free from confinement or servi- tude. St. Matt, xxvii. To set free from pain. To free from obligation or penalty. Milton. To quit; to let go. Devi. xv. To relax ; to slacken. Hook- er. RELEA'SE, re-lese'. n.s. [relasche, Fr.] Dismis- sion from confinement, servitude, or pain. Re- laxation of a penalty. Prior. Remission of a claim. Esth, ii. Acquittance from a debt signed by ihe creditor. A legal method of conveying land. Biackstone. RELEA'SER*, re-le'-sur. n.s. One who releases or sets free from servitude. Gayton. RELEA'SEMENT*, re-lese'-m§nt. n.s. Act of dis- charging ; act of dismissing from servitude or Milton. pam To RE'LEGATE $, rel'-e-gate. v. a. [releguer, Fr. relego, Lat.] To banish : to exile. CotMORA,r&m'-6-r$i.92,503. n.s. [Lat.] A let, or obstacle. Bp. Andrews. A fish or a kind of worm that sticks to ships and retards their passage through the water. Grew. To RE MORATE, reW-6-rate. v. a. [remoror, Lat.] To hinder ; to delay. Did. To REMO'RD^*, re-m6rd'. v. a. [remordeo, Lat] To rebuke ; to excite to remorse. Skelton. Oh. T. To REMORD*, re-m6rd'. v.n. To feel remorse Sir T. Elyot. REMO'RDENCY*, re-m6r'-den-se. n.s. [remordens, Lat.] Compunction. Killingbcck. REMO RSE$>, re-m6rse', or re-mOrse'. n.s. [re?nor- sus, Lat.] Pain of guilt. Bp. Hall. Tenderness; pity ; sympathetick sorrow. Spenser. 2^= Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Perry, and several re- spectable speakers, pronounce this word in the second manner ; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and Mr. Smith, [Jones. Fulton and Knight] in the first; and, in my opinion, with ana'^gy and the best usage on their side. The final c does not lengthen the t>, but serves only to keep the s from going into the sound of z. W. REMORSED*, re-morst'. a. Feeling the pain of guilt ; struck with remorse. Bp. Hall. REMO RSEFUL, re-nuW-fui. a. Fall of a sense of guilt ; denoting the pain of guilt. Bp. Hall. Ten- der; compassionate. Shak. Pitiable. Chapman. REMO'RSELESS,re-m6rsMes. a. Unpitying; cru- el ; savage. Milton. REMO'RSELESSLY*, re-m6rsMes-le. ad. With- out remorse. South REMO'RSELESSXESS* re-m5rs'-les-nes. n. s. Savasrcness ; crueltv. Beaumont. REMOTE $, re-mote', a. [remotus, Lat.] Distant; not immediate. Locke. Distant ; not at hand. Milton. Removed far off; placed not near. Mil- ton. Foreign. Distant; not closely connected. Glanville. Alien ; not agreeing. Locke. Abstract ed. Locke. REMO'TELY, re-mote'-le. ad. Not nearly ; at a dis tance. Broicn. REMO'TENESS, re-m6te'-n£s. n. s. State of being remote ; distance ; not nearness. Dryden. REMO'TION, re-mo'-shun. n.s. [remotus, Lat.] The act of removing; the stale of being removed to distance. Shakspeare. To REMOU'NT. re-mount', v.n. [remonter, Fr.] To mount again. Drvden. REMOVABLE, re-mOov'-a-bl. a. Such as may be removed. Spenser. REMO'VAL, re-mOOv'-al. 88. n.s. The act of put- ting out of any place. Hooker. The act of putting away. Arbuthnot. Dismission from a post. Addi- son. The state of being removed. Locke. To REMO'VE §, re-mo6v'. v. a. [removeo, Lat.] To put from its place ; to take or put away. Job, xii. To place at a distance. Locke. To REMO'VE, re-moov'. r. n. To change place To g-o from one place to another. Dryden. REMO'VE, re-m66v'. n. s. Change of place. Chap- man. Susceptibility of being removed. Glanville Translation of one to the place of another. SJiak 770 R] SN REN — nd, mOve ndr, not ;- — tOibe, tub, bull ;— 6'il ;- —pound 3 — 2/iin, THis. State of being removed. Milton. Act of moving a chess-man or draught. Departure; act of going away. Waller. The act of changing place. Ba- con. A step in the scale of gradation. Locke. A small distance. Rogers. Act of putting a horse's shoes upon different feet. Swift. A dish to be changed while the rest of the course remains. REMCTVED, re-m6dvd'. part. a. Remote; separate from others. Shakspeare. REMO'VEDNESS, re-m66v'-ed-nes. 364. n. s. The state of being - removed ; remoteness. Shakspeare. REMOTER, re-m66V-ur. 98. 78. s. One that removes. Bacon. REMU'GIENT*, re-nuV-je-ent. a. [remugiens, Lat.] Rebellowing-. More. REMUNERABFLITY*, re-mu-ner-a-bfl'-e-te. n.s. Capability of being rewarded. Pearson. REMU'NERABLE, re-miV-ner-a-bl. a. Rewardable. To REMUNERATED re-miV-ner-ate. v. a. [remu- nero, Lat. ; remunerer, Fr.] To reward ; to repay ; to requite ; to recompense. Bacon. REMUNERATION, re-nn.-ner-a'-shun. n.s. [Fr.; remuneratio, Lat.] Reward ; requital ; recom- pense ; repayment. Shakspeare. REMUNERATIVE, re-nut'-ner-a-tlv. a. Exercised in giving rewards. Boyle. REMUNERATORY*, re-mu'-ner-a-tur-e. a. Af- fording recompense, or reward ; requiting. John- son. To REMU'RMUR, re-nuV-mur. v. a. To utter back in murmurs ; to repeat in low. hoarse sounds. Pope. To REMU'RMUR, re-uuV-mur. v.n. [remurnmro, Lat.] To murmur back ; to echo a low, hoarse sound. Drijden. RENAL*, re'-nal. a, [renalis, Lat.] Belonging to the reins or kidneys. RENARD, ren'-nard. 88. n.s. [Fr.] The name of a fox in fable. Dryden. RENA'SCENCY §*, re-nas'-sen-se. n.s. [renascens, Lat.] State of being produced again. Brown. RENASCENT, re-naV-sent. a. \renascens, Lat.] Produced again ; rising again into being. RENA'SCIBLE, re-nas'-se-bl. 405. a. [renascor, Lat J Possible to be produced again. To RENA'VIGATE, re-nav'-ve-gate. v. n. To sail a2;ain. RENCOUNTER §, ren-kSun'-ttir. 313. n. s. [ren- contre, Fr.] Clash ; collision. Collier. Personal opposition. Addison. Loose or casual engage- ment. Addison. Sudden combat without premedi- tation. To RENCOUNTER*, ren-kSunMur. v. a. To at- tack hand to hand. Speiiser. To RENCOUNTER, ren-k6iV-tur. v.n. [rencon- trer, Fr.] To clash ; to collide. To meet an ene- my unexpectedly. To skirmish with another. To fight hand to hand. To REND §, rthid. v. a. pret. and part. pass. rent. []ienban, Sax.] To tear with violence ; to lacerate. Judo-, xiv. To REND*, rend. v. n. To separate; to be disunited. Bp. Taiilor. RENDER, rend'-ur. 98. n. s. One that rends ; a tearer. To RENDERS, ren'-dur. v. a. [rendre, Fr.] To re- turn ; to pay back. Psalm xxxviii. To restore ; to five back. Addison. ' To give upon demand. *ror. xxvi. To invest with qualities; to make. South. To represent ; to exhibit. Shak. To translate. Buimet. To surrender; to yield; to give up. Shak. To afford ; to give to be used. Watts. To RENDER*, ren'-dfir. v.n. To show; to give an account. Shakspeare. RENDER, reV-dnr. n. s. An account. Shakspeare. RENDERABLE*, ren'-dur-a-bl. a. That may be rendered. Sherwood. RENDEZVOUS, ren-de-vcSz'. 315. n.s. [Fr.] Assembly; meeting appointed. Sprat. A sign that draws men together. Bacon. Place appointed for assemblv. Raleigh. To RENDEZVOUS, ren-de-voSz'. [r6n'-da-v66 ? Shendan and Jones ; ren'-de-voOz, Perry, Fulton and Knight.] v. n. To meet at a place appointed Sir T. Herbert. §£p This word is in such universal use as to be perfectly 1 anglicised; and those who leave out the s at the end, I in compliment to the French language, show but little j taste in their pronunciation of English. To this letter in this word, as well as in several other words, may lw applied the judicious advice of Pope: " In words, as fashions, the same rule will hold; " Alike fantastick, if too new or old: " Be not the first, by whom the new are try'd, " Nor yet the last to lay the old aside." Essay on Criticism. W. To RENDEZVOUS*, ren-de-voiV. v. a. To bring together; to bring to a place appointed. Echard. RENDIBLE $*, ren'-de-bl. a. [rendable, Fr.] That may be yielded, given up, or restored. Cotgrave. That may be translated. Howell. RENDFTION, ren-dish'-fin. n.s. [from render.] Surrendering ; the act of yielding. Fairfax Translation. South. RENEGA'DE, ren'-ne-gade. > RENEGA'DO, ren-ne-ga'-d6. [See Lumbago.] $ n.s. [Span.; renegat, Fr.; raiegatus, low Lat.] One that apostatizes from the faith ; an apostate. Bp. Taylor. One who deserts to the enemy ; a revolter. Decay of Chr. Piety. T T oRENE / GE,re-neeg / . v. a. [renego, Lat. ; renoier, render, old Fr.] To disown ; to renounce. Shak. To RENE'GE*, re-neeg'. r . n. To deny. Shak. To RENE'W §, re-niV. v. a. [re and new.] To reno- vate ; to restore to the former state. Shak. To re- peat ; to put again in act. Bacon. To begin again. Dryden. [In theology.] To make anew; to trans- form to new life. Heh. vi. RENE'WABLE, re-nu'-a-bl. a. Capable to be re- newed. Swift. RENE'WAL, re-nu'-al. 88. n. s. The act of renew- ing ; renovation. Forbes. RENE'WEDNESS*. re-mV-ed-ries. n.s. State of being made anew. Hammond. RENE'WER*, re-nu'-ur. n.s. One who renews. Sherwood. RENI'TENCE*, re-nl'-tense. ) n. s. The resistance RENFTENCY, re-nV-ien-se. \ in solid bodies, when they press upon, or are impelled one against another, or the resistance that a body makes on account of weight. Quincy. Disinclination ; re- luctance. Bp. Hall. Q5= This word [renitency^ and the following were, in Dr. Johnson's third edition, folio, accented on the second syllable ; but in the sixth edition, quarto, they have the accent on the first. This latter accentuation, it must be allowed, is more agreeable to English analo- gy, see Principles. No. 503, (b.) ; but there is an analogy that the learned are very fond of adopting, which is, that when a word from the Latin contains the same number of syllables as the original, the accent of the original should then be preserved ; and, as the accent ofrenitens is on the second syllable, the word renitcnt ought to have the accent on the second likewise. For my own part, I approve of our own analogy, both in ac- cent and quantity ; but it is the business of a prosodist to give the usage as well as analogy ; and, were this word and its formative renitency to be brought into common use, I have no doubt but that the Latin analo- gy, that of accenting this word on the second syllable, would generally prevail. This may fairly be presumed from the suffrages we have for it ; namely, Mr. Sheri- dan, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Buchanan, and Entick, who are opposed by no dictionary 1 have consulted but by Scott's Bailey. W. RENFTENT $, re-nl'-tent. a. [renitens, Lat.] Acting against any impulse by elastick power. Ray. RENNET, ren'-nit. n.s. Runnet. Floyer. RENN ET. ren'-nlt. )n.s.A kind of apple RENNETING, ren'-n?t-?ng. $ Mortimer. To RENOUNCE §, re-n6unse'. 313. v. a. [renoncer, Fr. ; renuncio, Lat.] To disown ; to abnegate. Dryden. To quit upon oath. Shakspeare. To RENOUNCE, re-nSunse'. v.n. To declare re- nunciation. Dryden. [At cards.] Not to follow the suit led, though the player has one of the suit in his hand. 771 REP REP [D 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, phi :— RENOU'NCE*, re-nMnse'. n.s. [used only, per- haps, at cards.] The act of not following the suit when it might be done. Whist, a Poem. RENOUNCEMENT, re-n6unse'-ment. n. s. Act of renouncing ; renunciation. RENOU'NeER* ; re-nMn'-sur. n. s. One who dis- owns or denies. Willcins. RENOUNCING*, re-noun'-slng. n. s. The act of disowning or denying-; apostasy. Sir E. Sandys. To RE'NOVATE$,ren'-n6-vate. v. a. [renovo, Lat.] To renew ; to restore to the first state. Thomson. RENOVATION, ren-no-va'-sluin. n. s. [renovatio, Lat.] Renewal; the act of renewing; the state of being renewed. Bacon. RENO'WN $, re-n6un'. 322. n. s. [renomme", Fr.] Fame ; celebrity ; praise widely spread. SJiak. To RENO'WN, re-nduu'. v. a. [renommer, Fr.] To make famous. Slutkspeare. RENO'WNED, re-nound'. 359. particip. a. Famous ; celebrated; eminent; famed. Numb. i. RENO'WNEDLY*, re-n6un'-ed-le. ad. With ce- lebrity ; with fame. RENO'WNLESS*, re-noun'-les. a. Inglorious; without renown. RENT §, rent, ji.s. [from rend.] A break; a lacera- • tion. White. To RENT, r&it. v. a. To tear; to lacerate. Chaucer. To RENT, rent. v. n. [now written rant.] To roar ; to bluster. Hudibras. RENT $, rent. n.s. [pent, Sax.; rente, Fr.] Reve- nue ; annual payment. Shakspeare. Money paid for any thing held of another. Waller. To RENT, rent. v. a. [renter, Fr.] To hold by pay- ing rent. Addison. To set to a tenant. Swiji. RENTABLE, rent'-a-bl. 405. a. That may be rented. RENTAGE*, ren'-tfdje. n. s. [rentage, old Fr.] Money paid for any thing held of another. P. Fletcher. RENTAL, rent'-al. n. s. Schedule or account of rents. RENTER, rent'-ur. 98. n. s. One that holds by pay- ing rent. Locke. RE'NTROLL*, rent'-r6le. n. s. List of rents, or reve- nues. Hakewill. RENUNCIATION, re-nfin-she-a'-shun. [See Pro- nunciation.] n. s. [renunciatio, Lat.] The act of renouncing. Bp. Taylor. To REN VE^RSE §, ren-v§rse. v. a. [re and inverse.] To reverse. Spenser. RENVE'RSEMENT*, ren-verse'-ment. n.s. Act of reversing. Stukely. Ob. T. To REOBTAI'N*, re-ob-tane'. v. a. To obtain again. Mir. for Mag. REOBTAFNABLE*, re-ob-ta'-na-bl. a. That may be obtained again. Sherwood. roREORDAI'N^re-or-dane'. v. a. [reor diner, Fr.] To ordain again, on supposition of some defect in the commission granted to a. minister. Burnet. REORDINATION, re-6r-de-na'-shun. n. s. Repe- tition of ordination. Atterburij. To REP ACIFY, re-pas'-se-f i. v. a. To pacify again. Daniel. REPAFD, re-pade'. paH. of repay. ZbREPAI'R^ re-pare'. 202. v. a. [reparo, Lat. ; reparer, Fr.] To restore after injury or dilapida- tion. 2 Kings. To amend any injury by an equiv- alent. Milton. To fill up anew, by something put in the place of what is lost. Milton. To recover : a Latinism. Spenser. REPAFR, re-pare', n. s. Reparation ; supply of loss; restoration after dilapidation. Shakspeare. To REPAFR, re-pare', v.n. [repairer, Fr.] Togo to ; to betake himself. Shakspeare. REPAIR, re-pare'. n. s. [repaire, Fr.] Resort ; abode. I Joel, iii. . Act of betaking himself any whither, j Clarendon. REPAI'RABLE*, re-pare'-a-bl. a. That may be I repaired : now reparable. REPAl'RER, re-pare'-ur. 93. n.s. Amender; re- storer. South. REPA'NDOUS, re-pan'-dus a. [repandus, Lat.] Bent upwards. Br oven. RE'P ARABLE, rep'-par-a-bl.531. [See Irrepar able.] a. [Fr. ; reparabi'is, Lat.] Capable of being amended, retrieved, or supplied by some- thing- equivalent. Bacon. RE'PARABLY, rep'-par-a-ble. ad. In a manner capable of remedy by restoration, amendment, or supply. REPARATION, rep-pa-ra'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; repa- ratio, Lat.] The act of repairing; instauration. Arbuihnot. Supply of what is wasted. Addison. Recompense for any injury ; amends. Bacon. REPARATIVE, re-par'-ra-t?v. 512. n. s. Whatever makes amends for loss or injury. Wotton. EPA'RATIVE*, re-par' -ra-tiv. a. Amending de- [repaHie, Fr.] . n. To make REPa JttAi ivjt.*, re-par' feet, loss, or injury. Bp. Taylor. REPARTEE', re>-par-tee'. " n. & Smart reply. Dryden. To REPARTEE', rep-par-tee'. smart replies. Denham. To REPA'SS, re-pas', v. a. [repasser, Fr.] To pass again ; to pass or travel back. Shakspeare. To REPA'SS, re-pas', v. n. To go back in a road. Dryden. REPAST §, re-past 7 , n. s. [repas, Fr. ; re and pastus. Lat.] A meal ; act of taking food. Milton. Food ; victuals. Shakspeare. To REPA'ST, re-past', v. a. [repaistre, Fr.] To feed ; to feast. Shaksyeare. REPASTURE, re-pas'-tshure. 463. n. s. [re and pasture.] Entertainment. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To REPATRIATE*, re-pat' -re-ate. v. n. [repatri- er, Fr. ; re and palria, Lat.] To restore to one's own home or country. Cotgrave. jToREPA'Y§, re-pa.', v. a. [repaijer, Fr.] To pay back in return, in requital, or in revenge. 7s. lix. To recompense. Milton. To compensate. Bacon. To requite good or ill. Shak. To reimburse with what is ow3d. Shakspeare. REPAYMENT, re-pa'-ment. n. s. The act of repay- ing. Bp. Taylor. The thing repaid. Arbuthnoi. To REPEAL §, re-pele'. 227. v. a. [rappeller, Fr.] To recall. Shakspeare. To abrogate; to revoke. Hooker. REPEAL, re-pele'. n.s. Recall from exile. Shak. Revocation ; abrogation. Davies. REPEA'LER*, re-pe'-lur. n. s. One who revokes or abrogates. Burke. To REPEA'T§, re-pete'. 227. v. a. [repeto, Lat.; repeter, Fr.] To iterate ; to use again ; to do again. Milton. To speak again. Hooker. To try again, Waller. To recite ; to rehearse. Shakspeare. REPEA'T*, re-pete', n.s. A repetition. [Inmusick.] A mark denoting the repetition of a preceding part of the air. Avison. REPEATEDLY, re-pe'-ted-le. ad. Over and over; more than once. Stephens. REPEATER, re-pe'-tur. 98. n. s. One that repeats; one that recites. Bp. Taylor. A watch that strikes the hours at will by compression of a spring. REPEDATION*, rep-e-da'-sh&n. n.s. [reppdatus, Lat.; re and pes.] Act of going back; return More. Ob. T. To REPE'L$, re-pel', v. a. [repello, Lat.] To drive back any thing. Hooker. To drive back an assail- ant. Milton. To REPE'L, re-pel', v. n. To act with force contra- ry to force impressed. Newton, [in medicine.] To prevent such an afflux of a fluid to any particular part, as would raise it into a tumour. Quincy. REPE'LLENT, re-pel' -lent. n. s. [repellens, Lat.] An application that has a repelling power. Wise- man. REPE'LLENT*, re-pel'-lent. a. Having power to repel. Bp. Berkeley. REPE'LLER. re-pel' -l&r. 98. n.s. One that repels. 2bREPE'NT§, re-pent', v. n. [repentir, Fr.] To think on any thing past with sorrow. Sovth. To express sorrow for something past. Slwk. To change the mind from some painful motive. Exod. xiii. To have such sorrow for sin as produces amendment of life. St. Matt. xii. To REPE'NT re-p^nt'. v. a. To remember with 772 REP REP — 116. move, nSr, not ; — ti'i'De, tub, bull)— 61! 5 — pound 5 — thin, ruin. sorrow. Shak. To remember with pious sorrow. Donne, [se repeniir, Fr.] It is used with the recip- rocal pronoun. Jer. viii. REPE'NTANCE, re-penl'-anse. re. s. [repentance, Fr.] Sorrow for any thing past. Law. Sorrow for sin. sucli as produces newness of life 5 penitence. WhitgifL REPE'NTANT, re-pent'-ant. a. [repentant, Fr.] Sor- rowful for the past. Sorrowful for sin. Milton. Expressing sorrow for sin. Shakspeare. REPE'NTANT*, re-pent'-ant. re. s. One who ex- presses sorrow for sin. Liglitfoot. REPE'NTER*, re-pent'-fir. re. s. One who repents. Donne. REPE'NTING*, re-pent'-mg. re. s. Act of repent- ance. Hos. xi. REPEWTINGLY*, re-pent'-fng-l6. ad. With re- pentance. To REPEOPLE, re-pee'-pl. v. a. [repeupler, Fr.] To stock with people anew. Taller. REPEO PLING*, re-pe'-pl-mg. n. s. The act of re- peopling. Hale. roREPERCU / SS§, re-per-kus'. v. a. [repercutio, repercttssus, Lat.] To beat back ; to drive back ; to rebound. Bacon. Ob. J. REPERCU'SSION,re-p£r-kush'-un. n.s. [repercus- sio, Lat.] The act of driving back; rebound. Bacon. REPERCU'SSIVE, re-per-kus'-slv. a. {repercussif, Fr.] Having the power of driving back or causing a rebound. Pattison. Repellent. Bacon. Driven back ; rebounding. Thomson. REPERCU'SSrVE*, re-per-kus'-sfv. n. lent. Bacon. A repel- [repertus, REPERTI TIOUS, rep-pe>-t?sh'-us. a, Lat.] Found ; gained by finding. Diet. RE PERTORY, rep'-per-t&r-e. 512. re. s. [reperto- ■rium, Lat.] A treasury; a magazine; a book in which any thing is to be found. Dr. Ducarel. REPETITION, rep-e-tish'-un. 531. n.s. [Fr.; repe- titio, Lat.] Iteration of the same thing. Arbuthnot. Recital of the same words over again. Hooker. The act of reciting or rehearsing. Shak. Recital. Chapman. Recital from memory, as distinct from reading. REPETPTIONAL* rep-e-tlsh'-un-al. ) a. Con- REPETFTIONARY* rep-e-tlsh'-un-a-re. $ taining repetition. Bibliofa. Bibl. To REPPNE §, re-plne'. v. n. [re and pineA To fret ; to vex himself; to be discontented. Shak. To envy. Dryden. REITNER, re-plne'-ur. 98. re. s. One that frets or murmurs. Bp. Hall. ■ REPINING*, re-pl'-nhig. n. s. Act of murmuring or complaining. Burnet. REPFNINGLYVe-pl'-nfng-le. ad. With complaint; with murmuring. Bp. Hail. To REPLACE, re-plase'. v. a. [replacer, Fr.] To put again in the former place. Bacon. To put in a new place. Dryden. To REPLAFT, re-plate', r. a. [re and plaiL] To fold one part often over another. Dryden. To REPLA'NT ^re-print', v. a. [replanter, Fr.] To plant anew. Bacon. REPLA'NTABLE*, re-plant'-a-bl. a. That may be replanted. Cotgrave. REPLANTATION, re-plan-ta'-shun. h. s. The act of planting again. H>.llvv:ell. To REPLENISH, re-plen'-nfsh. v. a. [repleo, from re and plenus, Lat.] To stock; to fill. Gen.\. To finish ; to consummate ; to complete. Shakspeare. To REPLE'NISH, re-plen'-nish. r. n. To recover the former fulness. Bacon. Ob. J. REPLE'TE §, re-plete'. a. [replet, Fr. ; repletus, Lat.] Full; completely filled; filled to exuberance. Bacon. REPLE'TION, re-ple'-shuu. n. s. [Fr.] The state of being overfull. Bacon. REPLETIVE* re-ple'-tfv. a. [repletif, Fr.] Re- fill- plenishing ; filling. Cotsrvoxe. REPLE'TFVELY*, re-ple'-tlv-le. ad. So as to be ed. Summarii of Du Bart. 1 REPLE'VIABLE. re-pleV-ve-a-bl. )a. [replegia- REPLEYISABLE*, re-pleV-fe-a-bl. S bUis, low 51 Lat.; repfevissmble, old Fr.] What may be replev- ined ; bailable. Jfale. To REPLE'VIN, re-plev'-vln. ) v. a. [replevin, old To REPLE'VY, re-plev'-ve. ) Fr -5 replegio, low Lat.] To take back or set at liberty, upon secu- rity, anv thing seized. Bp. Hall. REPLICATION, rep-ple-ka'-shun. 531. re. s. [re- piico, Lat.] Rebound ; repercussion. Shak. Re- ply; answer. Shalrspecre. To REPLY' $, re-plK r. re. [repliquer, Fr.] To an swer; to make a return to an answer. Rom. ix. To REPLY', re-pll'. v. a* To return for an answer. Milton. REPLY', re-p]l'. re. s. [replique, Fr.] Answer; return to an answer. Shakspeare. REPLY'ER, re-pli'-Qr. 98. re. s. He that answers ; he that makes a return to an answer. Bacon. To REPO'LISH, re-pol'-llsh. v. a. \_repolir, Fr.] To polish again. Donne. To REPO'RT $, re-port', v. a. [rapporter, Fr.] To • noise by popular rumour. Shak. To give repute. Acts, xvi. To give an account of. I\eh. vi. To return ; to rebound; to give back. Bacon. REPO'RT, re-p6rt'. n.s. Rumour; popular fame. Repute ; publick character. 2 Cor. iv. Account returned. Waller. Account given by lawyers of cases. Watts. Sound; loud noise; repercussion. Bacon. REPO'RTER, re-p6rt'-ur. 98. n.s. Relater; one that gives an account. Shak. [In law.l One who draws up reports of adjudged cases. Blackstone. REPO'RTINGLY, re-pOrt'-lng-le. ad. By common fame. Shakspeare. REPOSAL, re-po'-zal. 88. re. 5. The act of repos ing. Shak. That on which a person reposes. Bur- ton. REPO'SANCE*,re-p6'-zanse. n. s. Reliance. J. Hall. To REPOSE $, re- P 6ze'. v. a. [repono, Lat.] To lay to rest. Shak. To place as in confidence or trust. Dryden. To lodge ; to lay up. Wcodicard. To REPO'SE, re-pOze'. v. n. [reposer, Fr.] To sleep ; to be at rest. Chapman. To rest in confidence. Shakspeare. REPOSE, re-p6ze'. re. s. [repos, Fr.] Sleep; rest; "quiet. Shak. Cause of rest. Dryden. Repose, or quietness, is applied to a picture, when the whole is harmonious; when nothing glares either in the shade, light, or colouring. Gilpin. REPO'SEDNESS, re-po'-zed-nes. 3G5. re. s. State of being at rest. TransL. of Boccalini. To REPO'SIT $, re-poz'-zit. v. a. [repositus, Lat.] Tq lay up ; to lodge as in a place of safety. Der- ham. REPOSFTION, re-po-zish'-un. n.s. The act of lay- ing up in a place of safety. Bp. Hall. The act of replacing. Wiseman. REPOSITORY, re-poz'-e-tur-e. re. s. [repositoire, Fr. yrepositorium, Lat.] A place where any thing is safely laid up. Locke. To REPOSSE'SS, re-poz-zeV. v. a. To possess a^ain. Spenser. REPOSSESSION*, re-p6z-zesh'-un. re. s. Act of possessing again. Raleigh, 70 REPOU'R* re-pSur', or re-pore. [See Pour.] i'. a. To pour anew. Mirror for Magistrates. ToREPREHE'NDi.rep-pre-hend'. v. a. [repre- hendo, Lat.] To reprove ; to chide. Hooker. To blame ; to censure. Chapman. To detect of fal- lacy. Bacon. To charge with as a fault. Bacon. REPREHE'NDER, rep-pre-hend'-ur. re. s. Blamer ; censurer. Hooker. REPREHE'NSIBLE $, rep-pre-hen'-se-bl. a. [repre- hensible, Fr. ; reprehensus, Lat.] Blamable ; cul- pable; censurable. REPREHE'NSIBLENESS,rep-pre-hen'-se-bl-nes. re." s. ' Blamableness ; culpableness. REPREHE'NSIBLY, rep-pre-hen'-se-ble. ad. Bla- mabiy ; culpably. REPREHE'NSION, rep-pre-hen'-shun. n. s. [repre hensio. Lat.] Reproof; open blame. Bacon. REPREHE'NSIVE, rep-pre-hen'-slv. a. Given to. reproof. Containing reproof. South. 773 REP REP 0*559. — Fate, far, fall, fat 5 — me, met ; — pine, pm ; — 7'o REPRESENT §, rep-pre-zent'. o.a. [reprove, Lat.; representer, Fr.J lo exhibit, as if the thing exhibited were present. Milton. To describe 5 to show in any particular character. Addison. To fill the place of another by a vicarious character; to personate : as, The parliament represents the peo- ple. To exhibit 3 to show : as, The tragedy was represented very skilfully. To show by modest arguments or narrations. Decay of Chr. Piety. REPRESENTANCE*, rep-pre-zen'-tanse. n. s. Representation 3 likeness. Donne. REPRESENTANT* rep-pre-zen'-tant. n. s. One exercising the vicarious power given by another. Wotton. REPRESENTATION, rep-pre-zen-ta'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] Image ; likeness. Stilling feet. Act of sup- porting a vicarious character ; acting for others by depulation. Burke. Respectful declaration. Pub- lick exhibition. Rymer. REPRESENTATIVE, rep-pre-zenf'-a-tfv. 512. a. [representor if Fr.] Exhibiting a similitude. Atter- bury. Bearing the character or power of another. Swift. REPRESENT ATF/E, rep-pre-zent'-a-uV. n.s. One exhibiting the likeness of another. Addison. One exercising the vicarious power given by another. Blount. That by which any thing is shown. Locke. REPRESENT ATP7ELY* rep-pre-zent'-a-tiv-le. ad. In the character of another ; by a representa- tive. Barrow. Vicariously ; by legal delegacy. Sir E. Sandys. REPRESENTER, rep-pre-zent'-ur. n. s. One who shows or exhibits. Brown. One who bears a vica- rious character; one who acts for another by depu- tation. Swift. REPRESENTMENT, rep-pre-zent'-ment. n. s. Image or idea proposed, as exhibiting the likeness of something. Bp. Taijlor. To PvEPRE'SS §, re-pres ; . v. a. [repressus, Lat.] To crush ; to put down; to subdue. Bacon. REPRE'SS, re-pres'. n. s. Repression ; but proba- blv for redress. Government of the Tongue. Ob. J. REPRESSER* re-pres'-sur. n. s. One who re- presses. Sherwood. REPRESSION, re-preW-un. n. s. Act of repress- ing. King Charles. REPRESSIVE, re-pres'-slv. 158. a. Having power to repress; acting torepress. REFRIE'VALs.re-pre'-val. n.s. Respite. Overbury. roREPRIE'VE$, re-preev'. 275. v. a. [rep-end re, repris, Fr.] To respite after sentence of death ; to give a respite. Shakspeare. REPRIE'VE, re-preev'. n. s. Respite after sentence of death. Shakspeare. To REPRIMAND §, r3p-pre-mand'. 79. v. a. [repri- mander, Fr. ; reprimo. Lat.] To chide ; to check ; to reprehend ; to reprove. Arbut'anot. RE'PRIMAND, rep-pre-mancK. [rep'-pre-mand, Perry and Jones.'] n. s. [repiimande, reprimende. Fr.] Reproof; reprehension. Addison. To REPRINT, re-print', v. a. To renew the im- pression of any thing. South. To print a new edition. Pope. REPRINT*, re-print', n. s. A reimpression. REPRI'SAL, re-prl'-zal. 88. n.s. [reprcsalia, low Lat. ; represaille, Fr.] Something seized by way of retaliation for robberv or iniury. Haincard. REPRFSE §, re-piW. h. s. [reprise, Fr.] The act of taking something in retaliation of injury. Dry- den. [In lav/.] An annual deduction, or duty, paid out of a manor or lands. T" REPRFSE*, re-prlze'. ft a. [reprendre, repris, Fr.] To take again. S}vnser. To recompense ; to pay in any manner. Grant. To REPROACH*. re-protsh 7 . v. a. [reprocher, Fr.] To censure in opprobrious terms, as a crime. Dry- ; den. To charge with a fault in severe language. { 1 Pet. iv. To upbraid in general. Rogers. REPROA'CH, re-protsh'. 295. n. s. [reproche, Fr.] Censure ; infamv ; shame. Spenser. REPROACHABLE, re-pr&tsh'-a-bl. a. [repudia- ble, Fr.] Worthy of reproach. Opprobrious ; scur rilous. Sir T. Elyot. REPROACHFUL, re-pr6tsh'-ful. a. Scurrilous ; op- probrious. Sliak. Shameful ; infamous 3 vile. Han*- mond. REPROACHFULLY, re-protsh'-ful-e. ad. Oppro briously; ignominiously; scurrilously. 1 Tim. v. Shamefully; infamously. RE'PROBATE§, rgp'-pri-bite. a. [reprobus, Lat.] Lost to virtue ; lost to grace 3 abandoned. Tit. i. REPROBATE, rep'-pr6-bate. n. s. A man lost to virtue 3 a wretch abandoned to wickedness. Shak- speare. To RETROBATE, rep'-pro-bate. v. a. [reprobo, Lat.] To disallow; to reject. Aylijje. To aban- don to wickedness and eternal destruction. Ham- mond. To abandon to his sentence, without hope of pardon. Southerne. RETROBATENESS, rey-pr6-bate-nes. n.s. Ine state of being reprobate. RE'PROBATER*, rep'-prc-ha-iur. n. s. One who reprobates. Noble. REPROBATION, rep-pr6-ba'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] The act of abandoning, or state of being abandoned, to eternal destruction : the contrary lo election. Ham- mond. A condemnatory sentence. Dryden. REPROBATIONER*, rep-pro-ba'-shun-ur. n. s. One who hastily abandons others to eternal de- struction. South. To RE PRODUCE §, re-pr6-duse'. 530. v. a. To produce again ; to produce anew. Brown. REPRODUCER*, re-pro-du'-sur. n. s. One who produces anew. Burke. REPRODUCTION, re-pr6-duk'-shun. n.s. The act of producing anew. Boyle. REPROO'F, re-pr6Sf. n. s. Blame to the face ; rep- rehension. Shak. Censure; slander. Ps. lxix. REPRO VABLE, re-proov'-a-b'. a. Culpable ; bla- mable; worthy of reprehension. Bp. Taylor. To REPRO'VE §, re-pr6ov', v. a. [reprouver, Fr.] To blame; tocenjure. Psalm 1. To charge to the face with a fault , to check; to chide ; to reprehend. Whit gift. To refute; to disprove. Shak. To blame for. Carew. REPRO'VER, re-proSv'-fir. n. s. A reprehenderj one that reproves. Locke. To REPRU'NE, re-proSn'. 339. v. a. To prune a second time. Evelyn. RETTILE, rep'-tll. 140. a. [reptile, Lat.] Creeping upon many feet. Gay. RETTILE", rep'-fil. n. s. An animal that creeps upon many feet. Locke. REPUBLICAN, re-pubMe-kan. a. Placing the gov- ernment in the people j approving this kind of government. Burke. REPUBLICAN, re-pub'-le-kan. n. s. One who thinks a commonwealth without monarchy the best government. Addison. REPUBLICANISM*. re-pvibMe-kan-lzm. n. s. At- tachment to a republican form of government Bwke. REPUBLICATION*, re-pub-le-ka'-shun. n. s. Re- impression of a printed work. [In law.] A second publication: an avowed renewal. Blackstone. REPU'BLICK§. re-pirib'-lik. n. s. [respublica, Lat. : republique, Fr.] Commonwealth ; state in which the power is lodged in more than one. Addison Common interest ; the publick. B. Jonson. REPUBLICK of Letters. The whole body of the people of study and learning. Chambers. To REPUBLISH*, re-pub ; -lish. v. a. To publish anew. Mountagu. REPUDIABLE, re-piV-de-a-bl, or re-pu'-je-a-bi 293, 294. 376. a. Fit to be rejected'. To REPUDIATE §, re-piV-de-ate, or re-piV-jc-ato. v.a. [reyrudio, Lat. ; repudier, Fr.] To divorce; to reject ; to put away. Gov. of the Tongue. REPUDIATION, re-pu-de-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Di- vorce ; rejection. Martin. To REPUGN §*,re-pune'. 386. [See Impugn.] v.iu [repugvo, Lat. ; rcpuzner, Fr.] To oppose 3 to make resistance. Sir T. Elyot. 774 REQ RES — n6, m5ve, n6r, nfttj — tube, tub, bull; — 6?1; — pound; — thin, THis. To REPU'GN*, re-pune'. v. a. To withstand 3 to re- sist. Shakspeai-e. REPU'GNANCE, re-pug'-nanse. ) n. s. [repu*. REPUGNANCY, re-ptig'-nan-se. $ nance, Fr.] In- consistency; contrariety. Hooker. Reluctance; resistance. Shak. Struggle of opposite passions. South. Aversion ; unwillingness. Dry den. REPU'GNANT §, r^-pfig'-nant. a. [Fr/; repugnant, Lat.] Disobedient ; not obsequious. Shak. Con- trary ; opposite : inconsistent. Perkins. REPUGNANTLY, re-pug'-nant-le. ad. Contra- dictorily. Brown. To REPU'LLULATE, re-pul'-lu-late. v. n. [re and pidlulo, Lat. 5 repuUukr, Fr.] To bud again. Howell. REPULSE §, re-pulse'. 177. n. s. [Fr. ; repulsa, Lat.] The condition of being driven off or put aside from aay attempt. Milton. To REPU'LSE. re-pulse'. «. a. [repulsus, Lat.] To beat back ; to drive off. Knolles. REPU'LSER* re-pul'-sur. n. s. One who beats back. Sherwood. REPULSION, re-pul'-shun. 177. n. s. The act or £:>wer of driving off from itself. Arhuthnot. PULSD7E, re-pfil'-slv. a. Driving- off; having the power to beat back or drive off. Newton. To REPURCHASE, re-pur'-tshas. v. a. [re and purchase.] To buy again. Shakspeare. REFUTABLE, rep'-pu-ta-bl. [See Academy.] a. Honourable; not infamous. Rogers. RE PUTABLENESS, rep'-pu-la-bl-nes. n. s. The quality of a thing of good repute. RE'PUTABLY, rep'-pu-ta-bJe. ad. Without dis- credit. Atterhury. REPUTATION, rep-u-ta'-shtm. n. s. [Fr.] Char- acter of good or bad. Addison. Credit ; honour. Shakspeare. To REPUTE §, re-pute'. v. a. [repulo, Lat. ; reputer, Fr.] To hold ; to account ; to think. Sliakspeare. REPUTE, re-pule', n. s. Character ; reputation. Shakspeare. Established opinion. Milton'. REPUTEDLY*, re-pu'-tkl-le. ad. In common es- timation; according to established opinion. Bar- row. REPUTELESS, re-pute'-l§s. a. Disreputable ; dis- fraceful. Shakspeare. Ob. J. QUE'ST §, re-kwest'. n.s. [requests, Fr.] Peti- tion ; entreaty. Esther. Demand ; repute ; credit ; state of being desired. Shakspeare. To REQUEST, re-kwest'. v. a. To ask; to solicit; to entreat. Knolles. REQUESTER, re-kwest'-ur. 93. n. s. Petitioner ; solieilo'-. Junius. To REQUICKEN, re-kwik'-kn. v. a. [re and quicken.'] To reanimate. Sliakspeare. RE Q U1EM. re'-kwe-ern. n. s. [Lat. It is called requiem, because the introits in the masses for the dead begin with this word.] A hymn in which they implore for the dead requiem or rest. Shak. Rest ; quiet ; peace. South. REQUIETORY*, re-kwl'-e-tur-e. n. s. [reqidetori- um, low Lat.] A sepulchre. Weever. REQUIRABLE, re-kwl'-ra-bl. a. Fit to be re- quired. Hale. To REQUIRE §, re-kwlre'. v. a. [requiro, Lat. ; requirer, Fr.] To demand ; to ask a thing as of right. Spenser. To make necessary; to need. 1 Sam._ xxi. To request. Prov. xxx. REQUIRER*, re-kwl'-rur. n. s. One who requires. Huloet. REQUISITE §, rSk'-we-zft. a. [requisite, Lat.] Ne- cessary : needful ; required by the nature of things. South. RE'QUISITE, rek'-we-zll. 154, n. s. Any thing ne- cessarj-. Dry den RE'QUISITE LY, rek'-we-zlt-le. ad. Necessarily ; in a requisite manner. Boyle. REQUISITENES8, rek'-we-z?t-nes. n. s. Necessi- ty ; the state of being requisite. Boyle. REQUISITION*, rek-kwe-zlsh'-fin. n. s. [Fr.] De- mand; application for a thing as of right. Lord Clusterjield. REQUISITIVE*, re-kwiz'-e-tlv. a. Indicating de mand. Harris. REQUISITORY*, re-kw?z'-e-tur-e. a. [requisite, Lat.] Sought for ; demanded. Summary on Du Bartas. REQUITAL, re-kwl'-tal. 88. n. s. Return for any good or bad office ; retaliation. Hooker. Return ; reciprocal action. Waller. Reward ; recompense. Milton. To REQUITE §, re-kwlte'. v. a. [requiter, Fr.] To repay; to retaliate good or ill; to recompense. Gen. 1. To do or give in reciprocation. 1 Sam. xxv. REQ LITER*, re-kwi'-tur. n. s. One who requites. Barrow. RE'REMOUSE, reer'-mouse. n. s. [hjiejiemuy, Sax.] A bat. See Rearmouse. REREWARDt, rere'-ward. n.s. The rear or last troop. To RESAI'L, resale', v. a. To sail back. Pope. RESA'LE, re'-sale. n.s. Sale at second hand. Bacon To RESALUTE, re-sa-lute'. v. a. [resah-to, Lat.; resaluer, Fr.] To salute or greet anew. Chapman. To return a salutation to. Burton. To RESCIND, re-smd'. v. a. [rescindo, Lat. ; rescin- der, Fr.] To cut off; to abrogate a law. Ham- mond. RESCISSION §, re-slzh'-fin. n. s. [Fr. ; rescissus, Lat.] The act of cutting off; abrogation. Ba- con. RESCISSORY, re-s?z'-zur-re. 512. a. Having the power to cut off, or abrogate. Sclden. To RESCRI'BE. re-skrlbe'. v. a. [rescriho, Lat.] To write back. Ayliffe. To write over again. Howell. RE'SCRIPT, re'~skrlpt. n. s. [rescrit, Fr. 3 rescrip- ti/tn. Lat.] Edict of an empercur. Bacon. R,E'SCUABLE*. res'-ku-a-bl. a. [rescouable. old Fr.] That mav be rescued. Guidon. To RE'SCUE §, res'-ku. v. a. [rescuo, low Lat.] To set free from any violence, confinement, or dan- ger. Spenser. RE'SCUE, res'-ku. n. s. [rescotis, old Fr. ; rescussus, low Lat.] Deliverance from violence, danger, or confi nement. Shakspeare. RE SCUER, reV-ku-ur. 98. n. s. One that rescues. Gayton. RESEA'RCH$, re-s§rtsh'. n.s. [recherche, Fr.] In- quiry ; search. Glanrille. To RESEA'RCH, re-sertsh'. t\ a. To examine ; to inquire. Wotton.. RESEA'RCHER* re-sertsh'-Qr. n. s. One wjw makes examination or inquiry. To RESEAT, re-sele'. v. a. To seat again. Dry den. RESE CTION*. re-sCk'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Act of cut- ting or paring off. Cotgrave. To RESEIZE §*, re-seez'. v. a To seize, or lay hold on again. To reinstate. Spciser. RESEIZER. re-se'-zur. 98. n. s. One that seizes again. RE^SEIZURE, re-se'-zhure. 452. n.s. Repeated seizure ; seizure a second time. Bacon. RESE'MBLABLE*, re-zem'-bla-bl. a. That may be comoared. Gower. Ob. T. RESE'MBLANCE §, re-zem'-blanse. n. s. [Fr.] Likeness ; similitude ; representation. Dryden. Something resembling. Hooker. To RESE'MBLE, re-zem'-bl. 445. v. a. [resembler, Fr.] To compare ; to represent as like something else. Raleigh. To be like ; to have likeness to Addison. To RESE'ND, re-send', v. a. To send back ; to send again. Shakspeare. To RESE'NT §, re-zent'. 445. v. a. [ressentir, Fr.] To take well or ill. Bacon. To take ill; to consider as an injur}' or affront. Millon. RESE'NTER, re-zent'-fir. 98. n. s. One who takes a thing well or ill. Barrow. One who feels injuries deeply. Wolton. RESE'NTFUL, re-zent'-ful. a. Malignant; easily provoked to anger, and long retaining it. Johnson. RESE'NTINGLY, re-zent'-mg-le. ad. With deep sense ; with strong perception. More. With con- tinued anger. 775 RES RES IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin RESE'NTIVE*, re-zen'-tfv. a. Quick to take i easily excited to resentment. Thomson. RESE'NTMENT, re-zent'-mCnt. n. s. [ressentiment, Fr.] Strong-perceptionofgoodorill.il/ore. Deep sense of injury 5 anger long continued 5 sometimes simply anger. Dryden. RESERVATION, rez-er-va'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Re- serve ; concealment of something in the mind. King Charles. Something kept back; something not given up. Sluik. Custody ; stale of being treas- ured up. Shakspeare. RESE'RVATIVE*, re-zer'-va-tlv. a. Reserving. Cotgrave. Oh. T. RESE'RVATORY, re-zer'-va-tiVe. 512. n. s. [re- servoir, Fr.] Place in which any thing is reserved or kept. Woodward. To RESE'RVE §, re-zeVv'. v. a. [reserver, Fr. ; re- serve, Lat.] To keep in store; to save to some other purpose. Spenser. To retain ; to keep ; to hold. Jer. iii. To lay up to a future time. 2 Pet. ii. RESE'RVE, re-zftiV. n. s. Store kept untouched, or undiscovered. Locke. Something kept for exi- gence. Tillotson. Something concealed in the mind. Addison. Exception ; prohibition. Milton. Ex- ception in favour. Rogers. Modesty; caution in personal behaviour. Prior. RESERVED, re-zervd'. 359. a. Modest; not loosely free. War,sh. Sullen; not open; not frank. Dry- den.. RESE'RVEDLY, re-zervd'-le. 364. ad. Not with frankness ; not with openness ; with reserve. Wood- ward. Scrupulously; coldly. Pope. RESE'RVEDNESS, re-zervd'-nes. n. s. Closeness; wan), of frankness; want of openness. B. Jonson. RESE'RVER, re-zeV-vur. n. s. One that reserves. Wotton. RESERVOFR, rez-gr-vw8r'. n. s. [Fr.] Place where any thing is kept in store. Addison. To RESE'TTLE §, re-sSt'-tl. v. a. To settle again. Swift. RESETTLEMENT, re-set'-tl-ment. n, s. The act of settling again. Norris. The state of settling again. Mortimer. RE'SIANCE. n. s. [reseance, Fr. ; reseancia, low Lat.] Residence ; abode ; dwelling. Bacon. Re- siance and resiant. are now used only in law. RE'SIANT. a. Resident; present in a place. Spen- To RESFDE §, re-zlcW. 447. v. n. [resideo, Lat. ; resider, Fr.] To have abode ; to live ; to dwell ; to be present. Milton, [resido, Lat.] To sink ; to subside ; to fall to the bottom. Boyle. RESIDENCE, rez'-e-dense. 445. [n.s. [residence, RESIDENCY*, rez'-e-d^n-se. \ *>.] Act of dwelling in a place. Hale. Place of abode; dwel- ling. Shale, [from resido, Lat.] That which set- tles at the bottom of liquors. Bacon. RESIDENT, rez'-e-dent. 445. a. [residtns, Lat.] Dwelling or having abode in any place. Burnet. Fixed. Bp. Taylor. RESIDENT, rez'-e-dent. n. s. An agent, minister, or officer residing in any distant place with the dignity of an ambassadour. Addison. RESIDENTIARY, rez-e-deiv-sher-e. a. Holding residence. More. RESIDENTIARY*, rez-e-den'-sheV-e. n. s. An ec- clesiastick who keeps a certain residence. Const, and Canons Eccl. RESFDER*, re-zl'-d&r. n. s. One who resides in a particular place. Swift. RESFDUAL. re-zid'-ju-al. 445. ) a.[resid>mm,Lat.~\ RESFDUARY, re-zld'-ju-ar-e. S .Relating to the residue ; relating to the part remaining. Avliffe. RE'SIDUE, rez'-ze-dij. 445. n. s. [residu, Fr. ; resi- duum, Lat.] The remaining part ; that which is left. Arhuthnot. To RESIF7GE. re-sedje'. v. a. [re and siege, Fr.] To seat again; to reinstate. See To Reseize. To RESFGN§, re-zlne 7 . 445, 447. v. a. [resigner, Fr. ; resigno, Lat.] To give up a claim or posses- sion. Shak. To yield up. Brown. To give up in confidence. Tillotson. To submit j particularly to submit to providence. Dryden. To submit without resistance or murmur. Sluxkspeare RESFGN*, re-zlne'. n. s. Resignation. Beaumont and Fletcher. Oh. T. RESIGNATION rez-z%-na'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act of resigning or giving up a claim or posses- sion. Shak. Submission ; unresisting acquies- cence. Locke. Submission without murmur to the will of God. RESIGNEDLY*, re-zi'-ngd-le. ad. With resigna tion. RESFGNER, re-zl'-nur. 98. n. s. One that resigns RESFGNMENT, re-zlne'-ment. n. s. Act of resign ing. Wotton. RESILIENCE §, re-zil'-e-gnse. ) n. s. [resilio, Lat.] RESILIENCY $, re-zil'-e-en-se. \ The act of start ing or leaping back. Bacon. RESFLIENT, re-zll'-e-ent. 445. a. [resiliens, Lat.] Starting or springing back. RESILFTION, rez-e-l?sh'-un. n. s. [resilio, Lat.] The act of springing back ; resilience. RE' SIN §, rez'-ln. 445. n.s. [resine, Fr. ; resina, Lat.] The fat, sulphurous parts of some v/vgetable, which is natural or procured by art, ana will incorporate with oil or spirit, not an aqueous menstruum. Quincy. RE'SINOUS, rgz'-m-us. a. [resineux, Fr.] Contain- ing resin ; consisting of resin. Boyle. RE'SINOUSNESS, reV-ln-us-iies. n.s. The quality of being resinous. RESIPFSCENCE, res-e-pls'-sense. 510. n. s. [rest- piscentia, low Lat.l Wisdom after the fact; re- pentance. W. Mountague. To RfiSFST §, re-zfst'. 445, 447. v. a. [resisto, Lat. ; resister, Fr.] To oppose; to act against. Ja. iv To not admit impression or force. Milton. To RESIST, re-zlst'. v. n. To make opposition Shakspeare. RESISTANCE, or RESI'STENCE, resist' -anse. n. s. [resistance, Fr.] The act of resisting ; oppo- sition. 1 Mac. The quality of not yielding to force or external impression. Bacon. RESFSTANT*, re-zjst'-ant. n. s. Whoever or what ever opposes or resists. Pear-son. RESFSTER*, re-zlst'-ur. n. s. One who makes op- position. Austin. RESISTIBFLITY, re-zlst-e-bil'-e-te. n. s. Quality of resisting. Brown. Quality of being resistible Flammona. RESFSTIBLE, re-zist'-e-bl. 405. a. That may be resisted. Hale. RESFSTIVE* re-zlst'-lv. a. Having power to resist B. Jonson. RESFSTLESS, re-z?st'-lgs. a. Irresistible ; that can- not be opposed. Raleigh. That cannot resist; help less. Spenser. RESFSTLESSLY*, re-z?st'-le.s-le. ad. So as not to be opposed or denied. Blackwoll. RESOLUBLE, rez'-o-lu-bl. a. [resoluble, Fr.; re and solubilis, Lat.] That may be melted or dis- solved. Boyle. 55= I have placed the accent on the first syllable of thi3 word, for the same reason which induced me to place 5t on the first of dissoluble. I have differed from some of our orthoepists in this ac- centuation, and the uncertainty that reigns among them will be a sufficient apology for having recourse to analogy, which is clearly shown by the accent which all of them place upon the second syllable of hid Is 'soluble. Dis'soluble, Sheridan, Ash, Buchanan, W. Johnston, Perry, Entick, Dr. Johnson's quarto. DissoVuble, Kenrick, Barclay, Fenning, Bailey, John- son's folio. Res'oluble, Ash, Barclay, Fenning, Entick, Johnson's quarto. [Perry, Jones, Fulton and Knight.] Resol'uble, Sheridan, Scott, Kenrick, J ;\>naon's folio, W. RE'SOLUTE §, reV-6-lute. a. [resolu, Fr.] Deter*. mined; fixed; constant; steady; firm. SlwJc. RE'SOLUTE*, reV-6-lute. n. s. A determined per ■ son ; one bent to a particular purpose. Shakspeare RE'SOLUTELY, rez'-6-lute-le. ai.,Determinatelyj firmly; constantly: steadily. Roscommon. RES RES -116, move, nor, not; — tube, tub, bull -,—511 ; — p6und ; — thin, THis. RESOLUTENESS, reV-6-lute-nes. n. s. Deter- minatenessj state of being' fixed in resolution. Boy/e. RESOLUTION, rez-6-lu'-shun. n. s. [resolute, Let.] Act of clearing- difficulties. Brown. Analysis; act of separating- any thing into constituent parts. Hale. Dissolution. Digbij. "[from resolute.] Fixed deter- mination ; settled thought. Shak. Constancy ; firm- ness; steadiness in good or bad. Sidney, Deter- mination of a cause in courts of justice. Hale. RESOLU'TIONER*, rez-6-hV-shun-fir. n. s. One who joins in the declaration of others. Burnet. RESOLUTIVE, re-?6l'-u-tlv. 512 a. [resohajf, Fr.] Having- the power to dissolve or relax. RESO'LVABLE, re-z6l'-va-bl.445. a. That maybe referred or reduced. Soutlu Dissoluble ; admitting separation of parts. Arbuthnot. Capable of solu- tion or of being made less obscure. Brown. To RESO'LVE §, re-zolv'. v. a. [resolvo, Lat] To inform ; to free from a doubt or difficulty. Hooker. To solve ; to clear. Hooker. To setllein an opin- ion. White, To fix in a determination. Milton. To fix in constancy; to confirm. Shak. To melt; to dissolve ; to disperse. Bale. To relax ; to lay at ease. Spenser. To analyze ; to reduce. Tillotson. To RESO'LVE, re-z6lv'. 7). n. To determine ; to decree within one's self. Millon. To melt ; to be dissolved. Shak. To be settled in opinion. Locke. RESO'LVE, re-zftlv'. n.s. Resolution; fixed deter- mination. Shaks-peare. RESO'LVEDLY, re-zolv'-eM-le. 365. ad. Withfirm- n "-SS and constancy. Greio. RESO'LVEDNESS, re-zolv'-eid-nes. n.s. Resolu- tion; constancy; firmness. Decay of Chr. Piety. RESOLVENT, re-z6l'-vent. n. s. [resolvens, Lat.] That which has the power of causing solution. Wiseman. RESO'LVER, re-zolv'-ur. 98. n. s. One that forms a firm resolution. Hammond. Whoever or whatever solves or clears. Burnet. What dissolves; what separates parts ; what disperses. Boyle. RE'SONANCE, reV-zo-nanse. n. s. [resono, Lat.] Sound ; resound. Boyle. RESONANT, reV-zi-nant. 503. a. [Fr.; resonans, LatJ Resounding. Milton. To RESO'RB §*, re-s6rb'. v. a. [resorheo, Lat] To swallow up. Young. RESO'RBENT*, re-sor'-b&it. a. [resorbens, Lat.] Swallowing up. Wodhull. To RESORT §, re-zSrl'. v. n. [rcssortir, Fr.] To have recourse. Clarendon. To go publicklv. Mil- ton. To repair to. Wliite. To fall back. "Hale. fyCf* Some speakers pronounce this word so as to rhyme with sport ; but, as this is not the most usual pronunci- ation, so it is not the most agreeable to analogy. That it is not the most usual appears from the testimony of Sheridan, Kenrick, Scott, Smith, W. Johnston, and Per- ry, [Jones, and Fulton and Knight,] who pronounce it as I have done. W. RESORT, re-zdrt'. n. s. Frequency.; assembly ; meeting. Dryden. Concourse ; confluence. Swift. Act of visiting. Shak. [ressort, Fr.] Movement ; active power; spring : a gallicism. Bacon. RESO/RTER, re-zort'-ur. n. s. One that frequents, or visits. Shakspeare. To RESOL T/ ND§, re-zSund'. v. a. [resono, Lat. ; re- sonner, Fr.] To echo ; to sound back ; to return as sound. Milton. To celebrate by sound. Peaclvam. To sound ; to tell so as to be heard far. Pope. To RESOU'ND, re-z6und'. v. n. To be echoed oack. South. To be much and loudly mentioned. Milton. To RESOUND, re'-sSund. 446. v. a. To sound again. RESOU'ND*. n.s. Echo; return of sound. Beaumont. RESOURCE $. re-s6rse'. 318. [See Source.] n. s. [ressource, Fr.] Some new or unexpected means that offer ; resort ; expedient. Dryden. RESOU'RCELESS*, re-s6rseM§s. a. Wanting re- source. Burke. To RESO'W, re-scV. v. a. To sow anew. Bacon. To RESPEA'K, re-speke'. v. n. [re and speak.] To answer. SJiakspeare. I To RESPECTS, re-spekt'. v. a. [respectus, Lat.] To regard ; to have regard to. Shak. [respecter, Fr.] To consider with a lower degree of reverence. Sid- ney. To have relation to : as, The allusion respects an ancient custom. To look toward. Broivn. RESPECT, re-sp£kv\ n. s. [Fr. ; respectus, Lat."* Regard ; attention. Sha/c. Reverence ; honour. Nelson. Awful kindness. Locke. Goodwill. Gen. iv. Partial regard. Proverbs. Reverend charac ter. Shak. Manner of treating others. Bacon. Consideration ; motive. Hooker. Relation ; re gard. Bacon. RESPECTABILITY*, re-spgk-ta-bll'-e-te. n. s. State or quality of being respectable. Cumberland. RESPECTABLE, re-spek'-ta-bl. a. [respectable. Fr.] Venerable ; meriting respect. Burke. &5=This word, like several others of the same form, is frequently distorted by an accent on the first syllable. When there are no uncombinable consonants in the lat- ter syllable, this accentuation is not improper ; as des- picable, disputable, preferable, &c. ; but, when conso- nants of so different an organ as ct and pt occur in the penultimate and antepenultimate syllables of words without the accent, the difficulty of pronouncing them is a sufficient reason for placing the accent on them in order to assist the pronunciation ; and, accordingly, we find almost every word of this form has the accent upon these letters : as delectable, destructible, perceptible, susceptible, discerptible, Sec. ; besides, as it contributes greatly to place the accent on the most significant part of the word, when other reasons do not forbid, this ought to determine us to lay the stress upon the second syllable of the word in question. This is the accentua- tion of Mr. Scott, Mr. Buchanan, W. Johnston, Bailey, and Entick ; and if Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Barclay, Fenning, and Perry, had inserted the word in their dictionaries, they would, in all proba bility, have accented the word in the same manner Since the first edition of this dictionary, I see this is th<» case with the quarto edition of Dr. Johnson. — See Ac ceptable, Corruptible, and Irrefragable. W RESPECTABLY*, re-spek'-ta-ble. ad. With re- spect ; so as to merit respect. RESPECT ABLENESS*, re-spek'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. State or quality of being respectable. RESPECTER, re-spgkf-ur. 98. n. s. One that has partial regard. Swift. RESPECTFUL, re-sp£kt'-ful. a. Ceremonious; full of outward civilitv. Prior. RESPECTFULLY, re-spekt'-ful-e. ad. With some degree of reverence. Dryden. RESPECTFULNESS, re-spekt'-f ul-nes. n. s. The quality of being respectful. RESPECTIVE, re-spek'-tiv. 512. a. Particular; re- lating to particular persons or things. Burnet. [respectif, Fr.] Relative ; not absolute. Rogers. Worth}' of reverence. Shakspeare. Cai-eful ; cau- tious ; attentive to consequences. Hooker. RESPECTIVELY, re-speV-tlv-le. ad. Particular- ly; as each belongs to each. Bacon. Relatively; not absolutely. Raleigh. Partially ; with respect to private views. Hooker. With great reverence. Shakspeare. RESPECTLESS*, re-spelctMes. a. Having no re- spect ; without regard ; without consideration ; without reverence. Drayton. RESPECTLESSNESS*, re-spekt'-lgs-nes. n. s State of being respectless ; inattention ; regard- lessness. Shelton. To RESPE'RSE^*, re-sperse'.t\a. [7-espersus, Lat.] To sprinkle ; to disperse in small masses. Bp. Taylor. RESPE'RSION, re-speV-shun. n.s. [respersio, Lai.] The act of sprinkling. RESPIRA'TION, rgs-pe-ra'-shun. n.s. [Fr. ; respi- rotio, Lat.] The act of breathing. Bacon. Relief from toil. Milton. Interval. Bp. Hall. 7b RESPIRE^, re-splre'. v.n. [respiro,Lat.; 1-es- pirer. Fr.] To breathe. Dryden. To "atcb breath Spe?ise?\ To rest ; to lake rest from toil. Pope. To RESPFRE*, re-splre'. v. a. To breathe out ; to send out in exhalations. B. Jonson. RESPI RABLE*, re-spl'-ra-bl. a. That can re spire. 777 RES RES IT 559.— File, far, fall, fat;-me, met;— pine, p?r Answerable; re- One responsible Response. Bre- RESPFRATORY* re-spl'-ra-tfir-e. a. Having pow- er to respire. Hunter. RE'SPITE §, res'-plt. 140. n. s. [respit, Fr.] Reprieve ; suspension of a capital sentence. Milton. Pause ; interval. Spenser. To RESPITE, res'-plt. v. a. To relieve by a pause. Milton, [respiter, old Fr.] To suspend 3 to delay. Clarendon. RESPLENDENCE, re-splen'-dense. In. s. Lus- RESPLENDENCY, re-splen'-den-se. \ tre 3 bright- ness ; splendour. Milton. RESPLENDENT §, re-splen'-dent. a. [resplendens, Lat.] Bright 3 shining ; having a beautiful lustre. Camden. RESPLENDENTLY, re-splen'-dent-le. ad. With lustre ; brightly ; splendidly. To RESPOND §, re-spond'. v. n. [respondeo, Lat.] To answer. Oldisworth. To correspond 3 to suit. Broome. RESPOND*, re-spond'. n. s. A short anthem, inter- rupting the middle of a chapter, which is not to proceed till the anthem is done. Wlieatleij. RESPONDENT, re-sp6nd -ent. n. s. [respondens, Lat.] An answerer in a suit. Ayliffe. One whose province, in a set disputation, is to refute objec- tions. More. RESPONSAL*, re-spon'-sal. a sponsible. Heylin. RESPONSAL*, re-spon'-sal. n. for another person. Bairow. vint. RESPONSE, re-sponse'. n. s. [responmm, Lat.] An answer ; commonly an oraculous answer. Gov. of the Tongue, [respons, Fr.] Answer made by the congregation, speaking alternately ^ith the priest in publick worship. Addison. Reply to an objec- tion in a formal disputation. Watts. RESPONSIBILITY* re-spon-se-bll'-e-te. n. s. [re- sponsibilite, Fr.] State of being accountable or an- swerable. Burke. RESPONSIBLE, re-sp&n'-se-bl. a. [responsus, Lat.] Answerable ; accountable. Uammond. Capable of discharging an obligation. Locke. RESPONSIBLENESS, re-spon'-se-bl-nes. n. s. State of being obliged or qualified to answer. RESPONSION, re-spon'-shun. n. s. {responsio, Lat.] The act of answering. RESPONSIVE, re-spon'-sf v. a. [responsif Fr.] An- swering; making answer. Ay/ijfe. Correspond- ent ; suited to something else. Fenton. KESPONSORY^e-spon'-sfir-e. 512. [See Domes- tick.] a. [responsorius, Lat.] Containing answer. RESPONSORY*, re-sp&n'-s&r-e. n. s. Response ; responsal. Crasliaw. REST§, rest. n. s. [peyfe, Sax.] Sleep 5 repose. Milton. The final sleep ; the quietness of death. Dryden. Stillness ; cessation or absence of motion. Bacon. Quiet ; peace ; cessation from disturbance. St. Matt. xi. Cessation from bodily labour. Job, iii. Support ; that on which any thing leans or rests. Bacon. Place of repose. Milton. Final hope. Bacon, [reste, Fr. ; quod restat, Lat.] Re- mainder; what remains. Tillotson. [In musick.] An interval, during which the sound or voice is in- termitted. Avison. [In poetry.] A pause or rest of the voice 3 a caesura. REST, rgst. n. s. [restes, Fr. ; quod restat, Lat.] Oth- ers ; those not included in any proposition. Abbot. To REST, rest. v. n. [pe-|«tan, Sax.] To sleep ; to be asleep 3 to slumber. Milton. To sleep the final sleep ; to die. Job, iii. To be at quiet 3 to be at peace , to be without disturbance. Isaiah, lvii. To be without molrion 3 to be still. Milton. To be fix- ed in any slate or opinion. Prov. vi. To cease from labour. Exod. xxiii. To be satisfied ; to ac- quiesce. Addison. To lean ; to recline for support or quiet. Dryden. \resto, Lat. ; rester, Fr.] To be left ; to remain. Milton. To REST, rest. v. a. To lay to rest. Dryden. To place as on a support. Waller. RESTA'GNANT, re-stag'-nant. a. [restagnajis, Lat.] Remaining without flow or motion, Boyle. ToRESTA'GNATES, re-st%'-nate. v.n. [re and stagnate.] To stand without flow. Wiseman. RESTAGNATION, re-stag-na'-shun. n. s. The stale of standing without flow, course, or motion. RESTAURA'TION, res-ta-ra'-shan. n. s. [restauro, Lat.] The act of recovering to the former state. Hoofcer. To RESTE'M, re-stem', v. a. [re and stem.] To force back against the current. Shakspeare. RESTFUL, rest'-f&l. a. Quiet; being at rest Shakspeare. RE'STFULLY*, rgst'-f&l-le. ad. In a state of quiet. Sir T. Elyot. RESTIIA RROW, rest-har'-ro. n. s. A plant. RE'STIFF§, res'-tif. a. [restif, Fr. 3 restivo, Ital.J Unwilling to stir 3 resolute against going forward 3 obstinate ; stubborn. Dryden. Being at rest ; be- ing less in motion. Brown. 9^/= There is a deviation from propriety in the use of this word almost too vulgar to deserve notice, and that is denominating any thing stubborn or unruly rusty Shakspeare, Swift, and Davenant, as we see in John- son, have used the word resty .- but this is an evident corruption of the French word restif, and should be to- tally laid aside. W. n. s. Obstinate reluc- [restinctus, A place v. a. [restin- RE'STIFFNESS, res'-uY-! tance. Bacon. RESTINCTION, re-stfngk'-shun. n. Lat.] The act of extinguishing. RE'STINGPLACE*, Vest'-mg-ptase. n.s. of rest. Coventry. :torestinguish< guo, Lat.] To extins To RESTITUTE §*, res'-te-tute. v. a. [restituius, restituo. Lat.] To recover to a former state. Dyer. RESTITUTION, res-te-tu'-shiin. n.s. [restitutio, Lat.] The act of restoring what is lost or taken awa}- . Spenser. The act of recovering its former state or posture. Grew. RE'STITUTOR*, res'-te-tu-tur. n.s. [Lat.] A re- storer. Gaylon. RE'STIVE*, RE'STIVENESS*. See Restiff, Restiffness. RE'STLESS, rest'-les. a. [pej-telear, Sax.] Being without sleep. Dryden. Unquiet ; without peace. Milton. Unconstantj unsettled. Fairfax. Not still ; in continual motion. Milton. RE'STLESSLY, restMes-le. ad, Without rest ; un- auietly. South. RESTLESSNESS, rest'-les-nes. n. s. Want of sleep. Harvey. Want of rest ; unquietness. Herbert. Motion ; agitation. Boyle. RESTO'RABLE, re-sto'-ra-bl. a. What may be re- stored. Stvift. RESTO'RAL*, re-st6'-ral. n. s Restitution. Bar- row. RESTORATION, res-to-ra'-shfin n. s. The act of replacing in a former state. Dryden. Recovery. Rogers. RESTO RATIVE, re-st6'-ra-t?v. a. That which has the power to recruit life. Milton. RESTORATIVE, re-st6 / -ra-tiv. 512. n. s. A medi cine that has the power of recruiting life. South. To RESTORES, re-store', v. a. [restaurer, Fr. restauro, Lat.] To give back what has been lost or taken away. Gen. xx. To bring back. Drijden To retrieve ; to bring back from degeneration, de clension, or ruin, to its former state. Milton. To cure ; to recover from disease. Granville. To re- cover passages in books from corruption. RESTO'RE*, re-st6re'. n.s. Restoration Spenser. Ob. T. RESTO'RER, re-st^'-rur. 98. n. s. One that restores ; one that recovers the lost, or repairs the decayed. Milton. To RESTRAIN §, re-strane'. v. a. [restreindre, Fr.] To withhold ; to keep in. Shak. To repress ; to keep in awe. Locke. To suppress ; to hinder ; to repress. Shak. To abridge. Clarendon. To hold in. Shak. To limit ; to confine. Hooker. RESTRAINABLE, re-stra'-na-bl. a Capable to be restrained. Brown. 778 RET RET -no, move, n6r, ndt; — tube, tub, bull;— till; — pound; — tJi'm, this. RESTRAFNEDLY, re-stra'-ned-le. 3G5. ad. With restraint ; without latitude. Hammond. RESTRAFNER, re-stra'-nur. 202. ri. s. One that restrains ; one that withholds. Brown. RESTRAINT, re-strant'. n. s. [restraint, Fr.] Abridgement of liberty. Shak. Prohibition. Mil- ton. Limitation; restriction. Brown. Repression; hinderance of will ; act of withholding ; state of being withheld. 1 Sam. xiv. To RESTRFCT§, re-strlkt'. v. a. [restrictus, Lat.] To limit; to confine. Arbuthnot. RESTRICTION, re-strk'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] Confine- ment ; limitation. Government of the Tongue. RESTRI CTIY'E ; re-strnV-uV. a. Expressing limita- tion. Si'dlincrjleet. [restrictif Fr.] Styptick; as- tringent. Wiseman. RESTRFCTIVELY, re-strlk'-ffv-le. ad. With limi- tation. Government o/tfie Tongue. To RESTRFNGE§, re-strinje'. v. a. [restringo Lat.] To confine ; to contract ; to astringe. RESTRFNGENCY* re-strm'-jen-se. n. s. Th€ power of contracting. Sir W. Peihj RESTRFNGENT, re-strln'-jent. n.s. [restringem, Lat.] That which hath the power of contracting ; styptick. Harveit. TVRESTRFYHE*, re-strlve'. v.n. To strive anew. Sir E. Sackville. RE STY, reV-te. a. [restiff, Fr.] Obstinate in stand- ing still ; restiff. Milton. See Restiff. RESUBJE'CTIONVe-sub-jek'-shun. n.s. A second subjection. Bp. Hall. To RESUBLFME, re-sub-llme'. v. a. To sublime another time. Newton. RESUDATION*, re-su-da'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.; resu- datus, Lat J Act of sweating out again. To RESU'LTS, re-zO.lt'. 445. v.n. [resulto, Lat.] To fly back. Pope, [resulter, Fr.] To rise as aeon- sequence ; to be produced as the effect of causes jointly concurring. Bacon. To arise as a conclu- sion from premises. RESULT, re-zult 7 . n. s. Resilience ; act of flying back. Bacon. Consequence ; effect produced by the concurrence of co-operating causes. King Charles. Inference from premises. South. Re- solve ; decision. Swift. RESU'LTANCE, re-zul'-tanse. n. s. [Fr.] The act of resulting. Ld. Herbert. RESU'MABLE, re-zu'-ma-bl. a. What may be tak- en back. Hale. To RESU'MES, re-zume'. 445. v. a. [resumo, Lat.] To take back what has been given. Denho.m. To take back what has been taken away Sluxlc. To take again. Milton. To be- gin again what was broken oft'. Heni-y, Ld. Clarendon. RESUMPTION, re-ziW-shun. 412. n.s. [resomp- lion, Fr. ; resumptus, Lat.] The act of resuming. Denham. RESUMPTIVE, re-zfim'-tlv. a. {resumptus, Lat.] Taking back. RESUPINATION, re-su-pe-na'-shun. 446. n. s. [resujnno, Lat.] The act of lying on the back. Wotton. To RESURVEY', re-sur-va'. v. a. To review ; to survev again. Sluikspeare. RESURRECTION, rez-ur-reV-shun. 445. n. s. [Fr. ; lesurrecium, Lat.] Revival from the dead ; return from the grave. Acts, iv. To RESUSCITATE §, re-svV-se-tate. 446. v. a. [resusciio, Lat. ; resusciter, Fr.] To stir up anew ; to revive. Bacon. To RESUSCITATE*, re-sus'-se-tate. v. n. To awaken ; to revive. Feltham. RESUSCITATION, re-sus-se-ta'-shfin. n. s. The act of stirring up anew ; the act of reviving, or state of being revived. Bp. Hall. RLSU'SCITATIVE*, re-sus'-se-ta-tiv. a. [resuscita- tif. Fr.] Reviving; raising from death to life. Coterrave. To RETAFL§, re-tale'. 202. v. a. [retailler, old Fr.] To sell in sma^l quantities ; in consequence of sell- ing: at second hand. Locke. To sell at second hand. Pope. To tell in broken parts, or at second hand. Shakspeare. 0^r* This verb and noun may be classed with those id Principles, No. 492; though the verb is sometimes ac- cented on the first syllable, and the noun en the last. W. RETAFL, re'-tale. n.s. Sale by small quantities, or at second hand. Dryden. RETAFLER, re-uV-lur. n.s. One who sells bysmak. quantities. Hakewill. One who tells in broken parts, or at second hand. Cm^entnj. TbRETAFN^, re-tane'. 202. v. a. [retineo, Lat. retenir, Fr.] To keep ; not to lose. Shak. To keep ; not to lay aside. Rom. i. To keep ; not to dismiss. Philem. xiii. To keep in pay; to hire Addison. To withhold ; to keep back. Temple. To RETAFN, re-lane 7 , v. n. To belong to ; to de- pend on. Boyle. To keep ; to continue. Donne. RETAFNER, re-ta'-nur. 98. n. s. An adherent ; a dependant ; a hanger-on. Swift. In common law, retainer signifieih a servant not menial nor familiar, that is, not dwelling in his house, but only using or bearing his name or livery. Cowel. The act of keeping dependants, or being in dependence. Ba- con. One that retains, or loses not. Swift. A re- taining fee ; a fee advanced to counsel to retain his services in a trial. Bp. Home. To RETA'KE, re-take', v. a. To take again. Clar- endon. To RETALIATE §, re-tal'-e-ate. 113. v. a. [re and ialio, Lat.] To return by giving like for like ; to repav ; to requite. Sir T. Herbert. RETALIATION, re-tal-e-a'-shun. n. s. Requital ; return of like for like. South. ToRETA'RD^, re-tard'. v. a. [retardo, Lat.; re- tarder, Fr.] To hinder ; to obstruct in swiftness of course. Denham. To delav ; to put off. Di-yden. To RETATvD, re-tard'. v. n. To stav back. Brown. RETARDATION, rel-tar-da'-shdnrsSO. n. s. [Fr.] Hinderance ; the act of delaying. Bacon. RETARDER, re-lard'-ur. 98. n.s. Hinderer; ob- structed Glanrille. RETARDMENT*, re-tard'-ment. n. s. Act of de . laving or keeping back. Cowley. To RETCH, retsh, or r£tsh. v. n. [hpaecan, Sax.] To force up something from the stomach : com monly written reach. 35 s * This word is derived from the same Saxon original as the verb to reach, and seems to signify the same action ; the one implying the extension of the arm, and the other of the throat or lungs. No good reason, therefore, appears either for spelling or pronouncing them differ- ently; and, though Dr. Johnson has made a distinction in the orthography, the pronunciation of both is gene- rally the same, iv. RETCHLESS, rStsh'-lgs. a. See Reckless. Care- less. Dniden. RETENTION, re-tgk'-shun. n.s. [retectus, Lat.] The act of discovering to the view. Boyle. RETENTION, re-ten'-shun. n.s. [Fr. ; retentio, Lat.] The act of retaining; the power of retaining. Bacon. Retention and retentive faculty is that state of contraction in their solid parts, which makes them hold fast their proper contents. Quin- aj. Memory. South. The act of withholding any thing. Shak. Custody; confinement; restraint. Shakspeare. RETENTIVE §, re-ten'-tlv. a. ing the power of retention, memory. Glanville. RETENTIVE*, re-ten'-tfv. Hall. RETE'NTIVENESS, re-ten'-tiv-ncs. n. s. Having the quality of retention. RETICENCE, ret'-te-sense. n.s. [Fr.; reticentia. Lat.] Concealment by silence. Diet. RETICLE §, reY-te-k). 405. n.s. [reticulum, Lat.] A small net. Diet. RETFCULAR, re-uV-u-lar. a. Having the form of a small net. RETFCULATED, re-t?k'-u-la-ted. a. [reticrulatus , Lat.] Made of net-work ; formed with interstitial vacuities. Woodward. 779 [retentif Fr.] Hav- Hooker. Having n.s. Restraint. Bp RET RET \W 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin;— HE'TIFORM, ret'-te-form. a. [retifonnis, Lat.] Having the form of a net. Ray. RE'TINA*, reV-e-na. n.s. [Lat.] One of the coats or tunicles of the eye. RETINUE, rel'-e-nu, or re-tin'-nu. n.s. [retenue, Fr.] A number attending- upon a principal person; a train ; a meiny. Shakspeare. Q^p This word was formerly always accented on the second syllable; but the antepenultimate accent, to which our language is so prone in simples of three syl- lables, has so generally obtained as to make it doubtful to which side the best usage inclines. Dr. Johnson, Sheri- dan, Ash, Kenrick, Nares, Bailey, and Fenning, accent the second syllable ; and Buchanan, W. Johnston, Ber- ry, Barclay, and Entick, the first. Scott accents both, but prefers the first. In this case, then, analogy ought to'decide for placing the accent on the first syllable. — See Principles, No. 535, and the word Revenue. W. To RETFRE§, re-tlre'. v.n. [retirer, Fr.] Tore- treat ; to withdraw 5 to go to a place of privacy. JDavies. To retreat from danger. Jeremiah. To go from a publick station. Addison. To go off from company. Arbuthnot. To withdraw for safety. 2 Mace. v. ToRETFRE, re-tire', v.a. To withdraw; to take away ; to make to retire. Sidney. RETFRE, re-tW. n. s. Retreat ; recession. Bacon. Retirement; place of privacy. Milton. Ob. J. RETFRED, re-tlr 7 d'. part. a. Secret ; private. B. Jonson. Withdrawn. Locke. RETFREDLY*, re-tlr'd'-le. ad. In solitude ; in pri- vacy. Sherwood. RETI REDNESS, re-tlr'd'-n&s. ra. s. Solitude; pri- vacy ; secrecy. Bp. Hall. RETI REMENT, re-tlre'-ment. n. ,s. Private abode; secret habitation. Addison. Private way of life. Denham. Act of withdrawing. Milton. State of being withdrawn. Locke. RETOLD, re-told'', part. pass, of retell. Shakspeare. To RETO'RT §, re-tort 7 , v. a. [Fr. ; retortus, Lat.] To throw back; to rebound. Shak. To return any argument, censure, or incivility. Hammond. To curve back. Bacon,. RETORT, re-tort 7 , n. s._ [retorte, Fr. ; retortum, Lat.] A censure or incivility returned. Shak. A chymical glass vessel with a bent neck, to which the receiver is fitted. Brown. RETO'RTER, re-t6rt'-ur. 98. n. s. One that retorts. RETQ'RTING*, re-lort'-ing. n.s. Act of casting back, in the way of censure or incivility. Taller. RETORTION, re-t6r'-shun. n. s. The act of retort- ing. Spenser. To RETO'SS, re-ids' v. a. To toss back. Pope. To RETOUCH, re-tutsh'. v.a. [retoucher, Fr.] To improve by new touches. Dryden. To RETRACE, re-trase'. v. a. [retracer, Fr.] To trace back ; to trace again. Dryden. To RETRA'CT §, re-trakt'. y. a. (retractus, Lat. ; re- tracter, Fr.J To recall ; to recant. To take back ; to resume. Woodward. To RETRA'CT, re-trakt'. v.n. To unsay ; to with- draw concession. Granville. To RETRA'CT ATE*, re-trak'-tate. v.a. [retracta- tus, Lat.] To recant; to unsay. Translators of the Bible. RETRACTATION, rgt-trak-ta'-shun. 530. n.s. [Fr. ; retraciatio, Lat.] Recantation ; change of opinion declared. Brown. RETRACTION, re-trak'-shun. n. s. [old Fr.] Act of withdrawing something advanced, or changing something done. Woodward. Recantation ; dec- laration of change of opinion. Sidney. Act of withdrawing a claim. King: Charles. RETRACTIVE*, re-trak'-tlv. n. s. That which withdraws or takes from. Bp. Hall. RETRA'ICT, re-trate'. n. s. [retraicte, Fr.] Retreat. Bacon. Ob. J. RETRATT, re-trate'. n.s. [ritratto, Ital] A cast of the countenance ; a picture. Spenser. Ob. J. RETREAT §. re-trete'. n. s. [retraite, Fr.] Act of retiring. Pope State of privacy ; retirement. Pope. Place of privacy ; retirement. Prior. Place of security. Milton. Act of retiring before a superiour force. Retreat is less than flight. Bacon. To RETRE'AT, re-trete'. v.n. To go to a private abode. To take shelter ; to go to a place of secu- rity. Spenser. To retire from a superiour enemy To go back out of the former place. Milton. RETRE'ATED, re-tre'-t^d. part. a. Retired ; gone to privacy. Milton. To RETRE'NCH $, re-trensh'. v. a. [retrancher, Fr.] To cut off; to pare away. Denham. To confine Addison. To RETRE'NCH, re-trensh'. v. n. To live with less magnificence or expense. Pope. RETRENCHING*, re-trensh'-mg. n. s. A curtail- ing ; a cutting out ; a purposed omission. Harris. RETRENCHMENT, re-trgnsh'-ment. n.s. [re- tranchement, Fr.] The act of lopping away. Dryden. Fortification. To RETRIBUTE §, re-trfb'-ute. [re-trib'-ute. Perry and Jones.] v. a. \retribuo, Lat. ; retribwr, Fr.] To pay back ; to make repayment of. Sir T. Herbert $Cr" I have differed from Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, and almost all our orthoepists, in giving the accent to the second syllable of this word in preference to the first But,\vhile the verbs attribute, contribute, and distribute, have the penultimate accent, it seems absurd not to give retribute the same. W. RE'TRIBUTER, re-trib'-u-tur. n. s. One that makes retribution. RETRIBU'TION, rel-tre-bu'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Re payment ; return accommodated to the action-. Bacon. RETRFBUTIVE, re-tr?b'-u-t?v. 512. > a. Repay RETRFBUTORY, re-tr?b'-u-tur-e. \ ing;mak ing repayment. Bp. Hall. RETRIE'VABLE, re-tree v'-a-bl. a. That may be retrieved. Graij. To RETRIE'VE §, re-treev'. 275. v.a. [retrouver, Fr. ; ritrovare, Ital.] To recover ; to restore. Rogers. To repair. Prior. To regain. Dryden. To recall ; to bring back. Bp. Berkeley. RETRIE'VE*, re-treev'. n. s. A seeking again ; a discovery. B. Jonson. RETROACTION, ret-tr6-ak'-shun. n. s. [retrb, Lat. and action.] Action backward. RETROACTIVE*, ret-tr6-ak'-uV. a. Acting in re- gard to things past. Gibbon. RETROCESSION, ret-tr6-seW-un. 530. n. s. [m- trocessum, Lat.] The action of going back. More. RETROGRADA'TION, ret-tr6-gra-da'-shun. 530. n.s. [Fr.] The act of going backward. Bp. Hall. RE'TROGRADE §, ret'-tr6-grade. a. [retrograde, Fr. ; retro and gradior, Lat.] Going backward. Bacon. Contrary ; opposite. Shak. [In astrono- my.] Planets are retrograde, when, by their proper motion in the zodiack, they move backward, and contrary to the succession of the signs. Harris. To RE'TROGRADE, rel'-tro-grade. v.n. [retro- grader, Fr.] To go backward. Bacon. RETROGRESSION, ret-tr6-gresh'-im. 530. n.s. [retro and gressus, Lat.] The act of going back- wards. Brown. RETROMI'NGENCY, rel-tr6-min'-jen-se. n. s. [re- tro and mingo, Lat.] The quality of staling back- wards. Brown. RETROMFNGENT, ret-tro-mm'-jent. n.s. An ani- mal staling backward. Brown. RE'TROSPECT §, rei'-tr6-spekt. 530. n. s. [retro and specio, Lat.] Look thrown upon things behind or things past. Addison. RETROSPECTION, r£t-trO-sp§k'-sh&n. 530. n. s. Act or faculty of looking backwards. Swift. RETROSPECTIVE, r, a. Admitting no re- . turn ; irremeable. Chapman. REU'NION, re-u'-ne-un. n. s. [reunion, Fr.] Return to a state of juncture, cohesion, or concord. Donne. To REUNITE §, re-u-nite-. v. a. [re and unite..] To join again; to make one whole a second time; to join what is divided. Shak. To reconcile 5 to make those at variance one. To REUNITE, re-u-nlte'. v. n. To cohere again. REUNFTION* re-u-nish'-uii. n. s. Second conjunc- tion. Knatchbull. REVALUATION*, re-val-u-a'-shun. n. s. A fresh valuation. Sherwood. REVE, reve. n.s. The bailiff of a franchise or manor. See Reeve. Chaucer. To REVEA'L §, re-vele'. 227. v. a. [revelo, Lat. ; re- veler, Fr.] To show ; to discover ; to lay open ; to disclose a secret. Ecclus. xli. To impart from heaven. Rom. viii. REVEA'LER, re-veM&r. 98. n.s. Discoverer; one that shows or makes known. Brown. One that discovers to view. Dryden. REVEA/LMENT*, re-vele'-ment. n. s. The act of revealing. South. REVEILLE*. ) n.s. [Fr.] The military notice by RE VETLLE'*. <> beat of drum, about day-break, that it is time to rise. Dryden. It is Vulgarly pro- nounced revelhf, with the accent on the last sylla- ble : our poets', old and modern, place it on the second. To RE'VEL §, rev'-el v. n. [reveiller, Fr.] To feast with loose and clamorous merriment. Shakspeare. RE'VEL, reV-el. n. s. A feast with loose and noisy jollilv. Shakspeare. REVEL-ROUT, rev'-el-rout. n. s. A mob ; an un- lawful assembly of a rabble. Ainsioorth. Tumul- tuous festivity. Roioe. To REVE'LS, re-vel'. 492. v.a. [rerdlo, Lat.] To retract ; to draw back. Harvey. REVELA'TION, r^v-e-la'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Discov- ery ; communication ; communication of sacred and mysterious truths by a teacher from heaven. Decay of Chr. Piety. The apocalypse ; the pro- phecv of St. John, revealing future things. RE'VELLER, reV-ei-ur. n. s. One who leasts with noisy jollitv. Shakspeare. RETELLING*, rev'-el-lng. n.s. Loose jollity ; rev- elr}'. 1 Pet. iv. RE'VELRY, reV-e4-re. n.s. Loose jollity ; festive mirth. Shakspeare. To REVE'NGE §, re-venje'. v. a. [revancher, Fr.] To return an injury. Pope. To vindicate by pun- ishment of an enemy. Dryden. To wreak one's wrongs op him that inflicted them. Shakspeare. REVE'NGE, re-venje'. 74. n. s. [revanche, Fr.] Re- turn of an injury. Deiit xxxii. The passion of vengeance ; desire of hurting one from whom hurt has been received. Shak. Revenge is an act of passion; vengeance of justice. Injuries are rt venged ; crimes are avenged. REVE'NGEFLL, re-venje'-ful. a. Vindictive; full of revenge ; lull of vengeance. Shakspeare. REVE'NGElTJLLY,re-venjeMul-le. ad. Vindictive ly. Dn/den. REVE NGEFULNESS*, re-venje'-ful-n£s. n. s Vindietiveness; stale or quality of being revenge ful. More. REVE'NGELESS*, re-venje'-les. a. Unrevenged Marston. REVE'NGEMENT, re-vgnje'-ment. n. s. Ven geance ; return of an injury. Spe?iser. REVENGER, re-ven'-jur. 98. n. s. One who re- venges ; one who wreaks his own or another's in- juries. Spenser. One who punishes crimes. Bentley. REVE'NGINGLY, re-ven'-jfng-le. ad. With ven- geance ; vindictively. Sliakspea}-e. REVE'NUE, rev'-e-nu, or re-ven'-u. n. s. f evenu, Fr.] Income; annual profits received from Ja.xis or other funds. Spenser. {£5= This word seems as nearly balanced between the ac- cent on the first and second syllable as possible; but as it is of the same form and origin as avenue and retinue, it ought to follow the same fortune. B.ctinue seems to have been long inclining to accent the first syllable, and avenue has decidedly done so, since Dr. Watts observed that it was sometimes accented on the second: and, by this retrocession of accent, as it may be called, we may easily foresee that these three words will uniformly yield to the antepenultimate accent, the favourite ac- cent of our language, conformably to the general rule, which accents simples of three syllables upon the first. Dr. Johnson, Mr. Nares, and Bailey, are for the accent on the second syllable; but Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Bu- chanan, W. Johnston, Perry, Barclay, Fenning, and En- tick, accent the first. Mr. Sheridan [Jones, Fulton and Knight] gives both, but places the an^penultimate ac- cent first. 503. — See Conversant and Retinue. W. To REVE'RB, re-veYb'. v. a. [reverbero, Lat.] To resound ; to reverberate. Shakspeare. Ob. J. REVE'RBERANT, re-veV-ber-ant. ) a. Resound- REVE'RBERATE*. re-ver'-ber-ate. } ingjbeatiug back. Shakspeare. 7bREVE'RBERATE$, re-ver'-ber-ate. 555. v.a. [reverbero, Lat.] To beat back. Shak. To heat in an intense furnace, where the flame is reverberated upon the matter to be melted or cleaned. Brown. To REVERBERATE, re-ver'-ber-ate. v. n. To he driven back; to bound back. Howell. To resound. Shakspeai-e. REVERBERA'TION, re-vGr-ber-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] The act of beating or driving back. Bacon. REVE'RBERATORY,re-ver'-ber-a-t&r-e. a. Re- turning ; beating back. Moxon. REVE'RBERATORY* re-veV-ber-a-tur-e. n. s. A reverberating furnace. Cotgrave. To REVE'RE, re-vere'. v. a. [reverer, Fr.; revereor, Lat.] To reverence ; to honour ; to venerate ; to regard with awe. Addison. RE'VERENCE §, rev'-er-ense. n. s. [Fr. ; reverentia, Lat.] Veneration ; respect 3 awful regard. Bacon. Act of obeisance; bow; courtesy. Dryden. Title of the clergy. Shakspeare. Poetical title of a father. Shakspeare. To RE'VERENCE, rev'-er-e'nse. v. a. To regard with reverence; to regard with awful respect. Milton. REVERENCER, reV-£r-eWir. n.s. One who re- gards with reverence. Swift. REVEREND, reV-er-end' a. [Fr. ; reverenius, Lat.] Venerable ; deserving reverence ; exacting respect by his appearance. 2 Mace. xv. The hon- orary epithet of the clergy. We style a clergy- man, reverend ; a bishop, right reverend ; anarch- bishop, most reverend. REVERENT §, reV-er-ent. a. [reverens, Lat.] Hum ble ; expressing submission ; testifying veneration Milton. REVERE'NTIAL, rev-e^r-en'-shal. a. [reverentielle, Fr.] Expressing reverence ; proceeding from awe and veneration Donne. 781 REV REV (CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, miv, for the change produced by the admission of king William and queen Mary. Davenant. Rotation ; circular motion. Motion backward. Milton. REVOLUTIONARY*, rev-6-IiV-shun-a-re. 512. a. Originating in a revolution : a word which the French democratical revolution formed, and usu- ally coupled with the most execrable actions. Burke. REVOLUTIONIST*, rev-6-liV-shun-lst. n. s. A fa- vourer of revolutions : of the same origin and char- acter as revolutionary . Burke. To REVO'LVE §. re-v&ly'. v.n. [revolver, old Fr. 3 revolvo, Lat.] To roll in a circle ; to perform a revolution. Cheijne. To fall back ; to return. Wot- ton. To REVO'LVE, re-volv'. v. a. [revolvo, Lat.] To roll any thing round. Milton. To consider 5 to meditate on. Shakspeare. REVO'LVENCY*, re-vol'-ven-se. n. s. Constant revolution. Cowper. To REVO'MIT, re-vom'-mft. v. a. [revomir, Fr.] To vomit ; to vomit again. Hakewill. REVU'LSION§, re-v&lsh'-un. n.s. [Fr.; revulsus, Lat.] The act or revelling or drawing humours from a remote part cf the body. Wiseman. The act of withholding or drawing back. Brown. REVU'LSIVE*, re-v&l'-siv. n. s. Revulsion, in its medicA sense. Fell. That which has the power of suoducting or withdrawing. Fell. REVULSIVE, re-v&l'-slv. a. Having the power of revulsion. REW*, ru. n.s. [peepa, Sax.] A row. Spe?iser. To RE WA'RD §, re-ward', v. a. [old Fr. rewerdon i. e. reguerdon.] To give in return. 1 Sam. xxiv To repay; to recompense for something good Hammond. REWARD, re-ward 7 , n. s. Recompense given for good performed. Hooker. It is sometimes used, with a mixture of irony, for punishment or recom- pense of evil. Ps. cxx. REWARDABLE, re-ward '-a-bl. a. Worthy of re- ward. Hooker. REWARDABLENESS* re-ward'-a-bl-nes. n. s. Worthiness of reward. Goodman. RE WARDER, re-ward'-ur. n. s. One that rewards ; one that recompenses. Shakspeare. To REWORD,' re-w&rd'. v. a. To repeat in the same words. Slmkspeare. RHABARBARATE, ra-bar'-ba-rate. a. [rhaharba- ra, Lat.] Impregnated or tinctured with rhubarb., Floyer. RHA'BDOMANCY, rab'-d&-man-se. 519. n.s. [ r pd(3- 5og and puvTiia.~\ Divination by a wand. Brown. RHAPSO DICAL*, rap-sod'-e-kal. a. Unconnected. Dean Martin. RHARSODIST, rap'-so-dJst. n. s. One who recites or sings rhapsodies, or compositions, for a liveli- hood ; one who makes and repeats extempore verses. Bp. Percy. One who writes without reg- ular dependence of one part upon another. Watts. RHA'PSODY§, rap'-s6-de. n. s. [ ( paiLw8ia.] A col- lection of songs, or verses; dispersed pieces joined together. Bentley. Any number of parts joined together, without necessary dependence or natural connexion. Locke. RHEIN-BERRY, rlne'-ber-re. n. s. Buckthorn, a plant. RHE'NISH*, ren'-fsh. n. s. [from the river Rhine.] A kind of German wine. Shakspeare. RHE'TOR*, re'-tur. n.s. [Lat. 3 p/,™p, Gi\] A rhetorician. Hammond,. RHETORICAL, re-uV-e-kal. a. [rhetoricus, Lat.] Pertaining to rhetorick; oratorial; figurative. More. RHETORICALLY, re-tor'-e-kal-e. ad. Like an orator 3 figuratively 3 with intent to move the pas- sions. Bale. To RHETORIC ATE, re-tor'-e-kate. v. n. [rhetori- cor, low Lat.] To play the orator 3 to attack the passions. Decay oj Chr. Piety. RHETORICA'TION*, re-tor-e-ka'-shun. n.s. Rhe- torical amplification. Waterland. RHETORICIAN, rel-to-rfsh'-an. n. s. [rhetorkkn, Fr.] One who teaches the science of rhetorick. Bacon. An orator. Dn/den. RHETORICIAN, ret-to-Hsh'-an. a. Suiting a mas ter of rhetorick. Blackmore. RHE'TORICK, ret'-ti-rik. n.s. [faropiKr), Gr. ; rheto- lique, Fr.] The act of speaking, not merely with propriety, but with art and elegance. Dryden. The power of persuasion ; oratory. Shakspeare. To RHE'TORIZE*, ret'-to-rize. v.n. To play the orator. Co(s;rave. To RHE'TORIZE*, reY-t6-rlze. v. a. To represent by a figure of oratory. Milton. RHEUM §, room. 264, 265. n. s. [pev/xa, Gr. ; rhevme, Fr.] A thin, watery matter oozing through the glands, ehieflv about the mouth. Quincy. RHEU'MATICK, roS-mat'-lk. 509. a. ['pev panto;.] Proceeding from rheum or a peccant, watery hu- mour. Shak. Denoting the pain which attacks the joints, and the muscles and membranes between the joints. RHEU'MATISM, ro3'-ma-t?zm. n. s. [htvpancpM, Gr. ; rheumatismus, Lat.] A painful distemper supposed to proceed from acrid humours. Quincy. RHEU'MY, rSo'-me. a. Full of sharp moisture. Shak, RHIME*. See Rhyme. RHINO*, rF-ncj. n. s. A cant word for money. Wag- staffe. RHLNO'CEROS, rl-nos'-se-ros. 134. n.s. [piv and *g- pas , Gr. ; rhinocerot, Fr.] A vast beast in the Eas.1 Indies armed with a horn on his nose, ShaJcspemt 783 RIB RID U* 559-— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pln;- RHODODE'NDRONV&d-o-den'-dron. ».$. [^.W and (ffW-wi/.] Dwarf rose bay. Evelyn. RHODOMONTA'DE*. See Rodomontade. RHOMB §, rumb. «. s. [rhombus, Lat.; }jo///?os, Gr.] [In geometry.] A parallelogram or quadrangular figure, having its four sides equal, and consisting of parallel lines, with two opposite angles acute, and two obtuse : it is formea by two equal and right cones joined together at their base. Harris* J^J= I have here differed from Mr. Sheridan, and adopted that sound of the vowel in this word which is given to it by Dr.Kenrick, Mr. Scott, Mr. Smith, and Mr. Perry. This I do not only suppose to be the general pronun- ciation, but find it written rhumb by Dr. Ash, Buchan- an, and Barclay. But when this word is given us in its Latin form rhombus, the o ought to have the same sound as in comedy. — See Principles, No. 347. W. RHO'MBICK, r&m'-blk. a. Shaped like a rhomb. Grew. RHOMBOID, nW-bofd. ) n,s. [horfouSf)s.'\ RHOMBO'IDES*. rfim-bSe'-dez. $ A figure ap- proaching to a rhomb. Milton. RHOMBO IDAL, rum-b6?d / -al. a. Approaching in shape to a rhomb. Woodward. RHU BARB, rSo'-burb. 265. n. s. [rhubar, Persian; rliabarbarum, Lat.] A medicinal root slightly pur- gative, referred by botanists to the dock. Wise- man. RHYME §, rime. n. s. [rim, ryma, Su. Goth.] An harmonical succession of sounds. Denham. The consonance of verses ; the correspondence of the last sound of one verse to the last sound or syllable of another. Milton. Poetry; a poem. Spenser. A word of sound to answer to another word. Young. RHYME or Reason. Number or sense. Shakspeare. To RHYME, rime. v. n. [rimen, Fr. Theotisc. ; ri- mer, Dan. ; reimen, Germ.] To agree in sound. Dryden,. To make verses. Shakspeare. To RHYME*, rime. v. a. To put into rhyme. Wilson.. RHY'MELESS*, rlme'-les. a. Not having conso- nance of verses. Bp. Hall. RHY'MER, rl'-mfir. 98. ) n. s. One who makes RHY'MESTER, rlme'-stur. > rhymes; a versifier; a poet, in contempt. Shakspeare. RHYTHM*, rl/im. n. s. [rhythmus, Lat.; pufyo?, Gr.] Metre; verse; numbers. Howell. Propor- tion applied to an}' motion whatever. Harris. * RHYTHMICAL, rfetf-me-kal. a. [fv6niKb s .] Har- monical ; having one sound proportioned to an- other. Mason. RFAL*. n. s. A piece of money. See Real. RFANT*. a. [Fr. ; from rire.] Laughing ; exciting laughter. Burke. RIB§, rib. n. s. [riibbe, Sax.] A bone in ihe body. Milton. Any piece of timber or other matter which strengthens the side. SJiak. Any prominence running in lines; as the stalks of a leaf. Any thing slight, thin, or narrow; a strip. EcJiard. To RIB*, rib. v. a. To furnish with ribs. Sandys. To enclose as the body by ribs. Sliakspeare. RI'BALD §, rlb'-bfild. SS.n.s. [ribauld, Fr. ; ribaldo, Italian.] A loose, rough, mean, brutal wretch. Spenser. RFBALD*. rlb'-buld. a. Base ; mean. Shakspeare. RFBALDISH*, rlb'-buld-lsh. a. Disposed to ribald- ry. Bp. Hall. RFBALDRY, rlb'-b&ld-re. n. s. Mean, lewd, brutal language. Bp. Hall. RFBAND § rlb'-bln. 88. n. s. [ruban, Fr.] A fillet of silk; a narrow web of silk, which is worn for orna- ment. Shakspeare. To RFBAND*, rlb'-bln. v. a. To adorn with rib- ands. Beaumont and Fletcher. RFBBED, rlbbd. 359. a. Furnished with ribs. Gay. Marked with protuberant lines. Shenstone. RFBBON, rlb'-bln. 166. n. s. See Riband. RI'BIBE*. n.s. See Rebeck. A sort of stringed instrument. Ob. T. To RFBROAST, rlb'-r6st. v. n. [rib and roast.] To beat soundly : a burlesque word. Butler. RFBWORT, rlb'-wfirt. n. s. A plant. RIG, rlk. n. s. Ric denotes a powerful, rich, or val iant man. So Alfric is altogether strong; iEthel- ric, nobly strong or powerful : to the same sense as Polycrates, Crato, Plutarchus, Opimius. Gibson RICE, rise. 560. n. s. [viz, old Fr. ; riso, Ita! ; oryza, Lat.; oovta, Gr.] One of the esculent grains Miller. & RICH$, rltsh. 352. a. jjiiche, Sax; rkhe, Fr.] Wealthy; abounding in wealth; abounding in money or possessions ; opulent. Exod. Valuable; estimable; precious; splendid; sumptuous. Mil- ton. Having any ingredients or qualities in a great quantity or degree. Waller. Fertile ; fruit- ful. Phillips. Abundant ; plentiful. Milton. Abound- ing; plentifully slocked : as, pastures rich in flocks. Having something precious. Milton. To RICH*, rltsh. v. a. To enrich. Gower. Ob. T. RICHES, rltsh'-lz. 99. n.s. [jiicherre, Sax.; rich- esse, Fr.] Wealth ; money or possessions. Hammond. Splendid, sumptuous appearance. Milton. RFCHLY, rltsh'-le. ad. [piceli^e, Sax.] With riches; wealthily ; splendidly ; magnificently. Shale. Plenteously; abundantly. Brown. Truly; abun- dantly : an ironical use. Addison. RFCHNESS, rltsh'-nes. n. s. Opulence ; wealth, Sidney. Finery ; splendour. Fertility; fecundity; fruitfulncss. Addison. Abundance or perfection of any quality. Spectator. Pampering qualities. Dryden. RICK, rlk. n. s. [p-ic£, hp.ic, Sax.] A pile of corn or hay regularly heaped up in the open field, and sheltered from wet. Swift. A heap of corn or hay piled by the gatherer. Mortimer. RFCKETS §, rlk'-klts. n. s. [richitis, Lat.] A dis- temper in children, from an unequal distribution of nourishment, whereby the joints grow knotty, and the lirnos uneven. Qnincy. RFCKETY, rlk'-lt-e. 99. a. Diseased with the rick- ets. Arbuthnot. RFCTURE, rlk'-tshure. n. s. [rictura, Lat .] A gap- ing. Diet. RID, rid. pret. of ride. To RID §, rid. v. a. in the pret. perhaps ridded, or rid ; in the passive part. rid. [hp.ebban, Sax.] To set free ; to redeem. Psalm xviii. To clear ; to dis- encumber. Hooker. To despatch. Shakspeare. To drive away ; to remove by violence ; to destroy. Shakspeare. RFDDANCE, rld'-danse. n.s. Deliverance. Hooker. Disencumbrance ; loss of something one is glad to lose. Shak. Act of clearing away any encum- brances. Milton. RFDDEN, rld'-dn. 103. The participle of ride. Hale. RFDDLE §, rld'-dl. 405. n. s. [paBbelr», from apee- bian, Sax.] An enigma; a puzzling question; a dark problem. Shak. Any thing puzzling. Hudi- bras. [hpibble, from hpebban, Sax.] A coarse or open sieve. Mortimer. To RFDDLE, rld'-dl. v. a. To solve; to unriddle. Beaumont and Fletclw. To separate by a coarse sieve. Mortimer. To RFDDLE, rld'-dl. v. n. To speak ambiguously or obscurely. Shakspeare. RFDDLER*, rld'-dl-fir. n. s. One who speaks ob- scurely or ambiguously. Home. RFDDLINGLY, rld'-dl-lng-le. ad. In the manner of a riddle; secretly. Donne. To RIDE§, ride. v. n. preter. rid or rod* : part, rid or ridden, [piban, Sax. ; rijden, Dutch.] To trave' on horseback. Shak. To travel in a vehicle ; to be borne, not to walk. Shak. To be supported in motion. Shak. To manage a horse. Spenser. To be on the water. Knolles. To be supported by something subservient. Sliakspeare. To RIDE, ride. v. a. To sit on so as to be carried, Milton. To manage insolently at will. Collier. RIDE*, r3de. 7i. s. A saddle-horse. Grose. An ex cursion in a vehicle, or on horseback : as, to take a ride. A road cut in a wood, or through grounds, for the purpose of using the diversion of riding therein ; a riding. See Riding. RFDER, ri'-dur. 98. n. s. [jiibene, Sax.] One who 784 PJF RIG -116, move, nor, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull 3 — oil ; — pound ; — thin, THis. is carried 011 a horse or in a vehicle. Prior. One who manages or breaks horses. Shale. An insert- ed leal'} an additional clause, as to a bill passing through parliament. Brand. RIDGES, ridje. n. s. [hpi££, Sax.] The top of the back, Hudibras. The rough top of any thing, resembling the vertebrae of the back. Milton. A steep protuberance. Milton. The ground thrown up by the plough. Psalm lxv. The top of the roof rising to an acute angle. Moxon. Ridges of a horse's mouth are wrinkles or risings of the flesh in the roof of the mouth, running across from one side of the jaw to the other, like fleshy ridges, with in- terjacent furrows or sinking cavities. Farrier's Diet. To RIDGE, ridje. v. a. To lorm a ridge. Milton. To wrinkle. Cowper. RFDGEL, rid'-jil. )n. s. An animal half RIDGELING^idjeMing. $ castrated. Dry den. RFDGINGLY*, rfd'-jing-le. ad. After the manner of ridges, or ridge by ridge. Huloet. RIDGY, rid y -je. a. Rising in a ridge. Drijden, RFDICULE f, rid'-e-kule. n. s. [ridicule, Fr. ; ri- diculum, Lat.] Wit of that species that provokes laughter. Pope. Folly ; ridiculousness. Addison. J^p This word is frequently mispronounced by sounding the first syllabic like the adjective red ; an inaccuracy which cannot be too carefully avoided. 1 am of the same opinion as Mr. Nares, that this word was anciently accented on the last syllable, as derived from the French ridicule, and not the Latin ridiculus ; but this accent, being found contrary to the Latin anal- ogy, 503, shifted to the first syllable; a transition which, in words of three syllables, is the easiest thing in the world. — See Principles, No. 524. W. RFDICULE*. rid'-e-ktile. a. Ridiculous. Aubreij. Ob. T. To RFDICULE, rid'-e-kule. v. a. To expose to laughter; to treat with contemptuous merriment. Temple. RFDICULER, rld'-e-ku-l&r. n. s. One that ridicules. Clarke. RIDFCULOUS, re-dhV-kiVlus. a. Worthy of laugh- ter ; exciting contemptuous merriment. Rectus . xxxiv. RIDFCULOUSLY, re-dk'-ku-lus-le. ad. In a man- ner worthy of laughter or contempt. South. RlDFCULOUSNESS,re-dlk'-ku-lfis-nes. n.s. The quality of being ridiculous. Stillingjleet. RFDING, rl'-ding. part. a. Employed to travel on any occasion. Ayliffe. RFDING, ri'-ding. 410. n. s. A road cut in a wood, or through grounds, for the purpose of using the diversion of riding therein. Sidneij. A district vis- ited by an officer. One of the three divisions of Yorkshire ; corrupted from trithing. Ray. RI DFNGCOAT, ri'-ding-kdte. n.s. A coat made to keep out weather. Swyt. RFDINGHABIT*, rl'-ding-hab'-it. n. s. A dress worn by women, when they ride on horseback. Guardian. RFDINGHOOD,rl'-ding-hud. n.s. ATioodusedby women, when they travel, to bear off the rain. Arbuthnot. Rl DINGHOF/SE*, rl'-ding-house. )n.s. A place in RFDINGSCHOOLVl'-diiig-skool. ) which the art of riding is taught. Lord Chesterfield. RJDO' TTO*, re-dof-ti. n. s. [Ital.] A sort of pub- lick assembly. Dr. Johnson. RIE, rl. n. s. See Rye. An esculent grain. Miller. RIFE §, rife. a. [nype, Sax. ; rijf, Dutch.] Preva- lent; prevailing; abounding. It is now only used of epidemical distempers. Sidney. RFFELY, rife'-le. ad. Prevalently ; abundantly. Knolles. RIPENESS, rlfe'-nes. n. s. Prevalence ; abun- dance. Bp. Hall. RIFFRAFF, rlf-raf. n.s. [77/ ne raf.] The refuse of any thing. Bp. Hall. To RIFLES, rl'-fi. 405. v. a. [riffer, rifler, Fr. ; rijffelen, Teut.] To rob ; to pillage ; to plunder. Shak. To take away ; to seize as pillage. Pope. RI FLE*, rl'-fl. n. s. [rijffelen, Teut.] A kind of whetstone. Whalely. A sort of gun, having, with- in its barrel, indented lines. RIFLEMAN*, rl'-fl-man n. s. One armed with a rifle. RFFLER, rl'-fl-ur. n. s. Robber; plunderer; pillager. Milton. RIFT §, rift. n. s. [from To rive.] A cleft ; a breach an opening. Spenser. To RIFT, rift. v. a. To cleave; to split. Shakspeare. To RIFT, rift. v.n. To burst; to open. Shak. To belch j "to break wind : a northern word. RIG S, rig. n. s. Rig, ridge, seem to signify the top of a hill falling on each side ; from" the Saxon, hp-l^S- RIG*, rig. n. s. [perhaps from the Icel. riga.] Blus- ter. Burke. RIG §*, rig. n. s. [perhaps from the old Fr. rigoler.] A wanton ; an impudent woman ; a strumpet. Da- vies. — To run a rig. To play a trick of gayety or merriment. Cowper. To run the rig upon. To practise a joke upon. To RIG*, rig. v. n. To play the wanton. To RIG§, rig. v.a. [the past participle of the SaxoQ ppigan, to cover.] To dress ; to accoutre. Beau- mont and Fletcher. To fit with tackling. Chapman. R1GADOO N, rig-a-do&n'. n. s. [rigadon, Fr.] A kind of brisk dance, performed by one couple, said to be brought from Provence. Guardian. RIGA'TION, rl-ga'-shun. n. s. [rigatio, Lat.] The act of watering. Swinburne. RFGGER, rig'-gfir. 382. n. s. One that rigs or dres- ses. RFGGING, rig'-ing. 410. n. s. [pju#Sen, Sax.] The sails or tackling of a ship. Creech. RFGGISH, rig'-ish. 382. a. Wanton ; whorish. Shakspeare. To RFGGLE, rig'-gl. 405. v. n. [properly to wrig- gle.] To move backward and forward, as shrink- ing from pain. Warburton. RIGHTS, rite. 393. a. [jiihfc, jiehfc, Sax.; recht, Germ.; rectus, Lat.] Fit; proper; becoming; suit- able. Proverbs, viii. Rightful ; justly claiming. Locke. True; not erroneous; not wrong. Locke -Not mistaken ; passing a true judgement. Shak Just ; honest ; equitable ; not criminal. Psalm lxxviii Happy; convenient. Addison. Not left. Brown. Straight ; not crooked. Locke. Perpendicular ; di rect. RIGHT, rite, interj. An expression of approbation* Pope. RIGHT, rite. ad. Properly ; justly ; exactly ; accord- ing to truth or justice. Locke. According to art or rule. Roscommon. In a direct line ; in a straight line. Proverbs, iv. In a great degree ; very. Ps. xxx. It is still used in titles : as, right honourable ; right reverend. Peacliam. Just. Shak. Immedi- ately ; at the instant. Shakspeare. RIGHT, rile. n.s. Not wrong. Milton. _ Justice; not injury. Bacon.. Freedom from guilt; good- ness. Cowley. Freedom from errour. Prior. Just claim. Raleigh. That which justly belongs to one. Tob. vi. Property ; interest. Dryden. Power ; prerogative. Tillotson. Immunity; privilege. Shak. The side not left. Milton. — To rights. In a direct line ; straight. Woodward. To rights. With de- liverance from errour. Woodward. To RIGHT, rite. v. a. To do justice to ; to establish in possessions justly claimed ; to relieve from wrong. Bp. Taylor. [In naval language.] To restore a ship to her upright position, after she has been laid on a careen ; to put any tiling in its prop- er position : as, to right the helm. To RIGHT*, rite. v. n. A ship is said to right at sea, when she rises with her masts erected, after having been pressed down on one side by the ef- fort of her sails, or a heavy squall of wind. Fal- coner. To RFGHTEN*, rl'-tn. v. a. [pi^htan, pihfcan, Sax.] To do justice to. Isaiah, i. RFGHTEOUS §, rl'-tshe-us. 263, 464. a. [piht-pi r Sax.] Just ; honest ; virtuous ; uncorrupt. Genesis Equitable ; agreeing with right. Dryden. 785 RIN RIP 0» 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;— RFGHTEOUSED*, rl'-tshe-ust. a. Made righteous ; justified. Bale. Ob. T. EFGHTEOUSLY, rl'-tshe-us-le. ad. Honestly; vir- tuously. Dryvlen. According to desert. Litany. RFGHTEOUSNESS, rl'-tshe-us-nes. re. s. Justice ; honesty : virtue ; goodness; integrity. Hooker. RFGHTER*, rl'-tfir. re. s. [pihtepe, Sax.] A re- dresser; one who relieves from wrong; one who does justice to. Shelton. RFGHTFUL $, rlie'-ful. a. Having the right ; hav- ing the just claim. SiiaL Honest; just; agreeable to justice. Wicliffe. RIGHTFULLY, rite'-ful-e. ad. According to right; according to justice. Dryden. RIGHT-HAND, rite-hand', re. s. Not the left. Shale. RFGHTFULNESS, rlte'-ful-nes. n. s. Moral recti- tude. Sidney. RFGHTLY, rlte'-le. ad. According to truth or jus- tice. Properly ; suitably ; not erroneously. Milton. Honestly ; uprightly. Shale. Exactly. Dryden. Straightly ; directly. Ascham. RFGHTNESS, rlte'-nes. re. s. Conformity to truth ; exemption from being wrong; rectitude; not er- rour. South. Straightness. Bacon. RFGID§, rld'-iid. 380. a. [Hgide, Fr.; rigidus, Lat.] Stiff; not to be bent ; unpliant. Ray. Severe ; in- flexible. Denham. Unremitted ; unmitigated. Mil- ton. Sharp ; crueh Phillips. RIGFDITY, re-jfd'-e-te. re. s. [rigicW, Fr.] Stiff- ness. Arbuthrwt. Stiffness oi appearance ; want of easy or airy elegance. Wotion. Severity; inflexi- bility. Milton. RFGIDLY, rid'-jld-le. ad. Stiffly; unpliantly. Se- verely; inflexibly; without remission; without miti- gation. Fuller. RPGIDNESS. rfd'-jid-nes. n.s. Stiffness ; severity ; inflexibility. Hales. RFGLFT, rfgMa. re. s. [regulet, Fr.] A flat, thin, square piece of wood. Moxon. RFGMAROLE*, rig'-ma-role. re. s. A repetition of idle words; a succession of long stories. Goldsmith. RFGOL, rK-gol. re. 5. A circle. Shakspeare. RFGOUR§, rig'-gQr. 314, 544. re. s [rigor, Lat.; ri- gueur, Fr.] Cold; stiffness. Milton. A convulsive shuddering with sense of cold. Blackmore. Sever- ity; sternness; want of condescension to others. DenJmm. Severity of life ; voluntary pain ; auster- ity. Fell. Strictness; unabated exactness. Hooker. Rage ; cruelty ; fury. Spenser. Hardness ; not flex- ibility; solidity; not softness. Dryden. RPGOROUS, rfg'-gur-fis. a. [rigoreux,Fr.] Severe; allowing no abatement. Shafc. Exact ; scrupulous- ly nice : as, a rigorous demonstration ; a rigorous definition. RPGOROUSLY, rlg'-gnr-us-le. ad. Severely; with- out tenderness or mitigation. Milton. Exactly ; scrupulously; nicely. Dr. Warton. RFGOROUSNESS"*, rlg'-gur-us-ngs. re. s. Severity, without tenderness or mitigation. Ash. RILL§, rll. re. s. [abbreviation of the Lat. rividus, viz. Hllus.~\ A small brook; a little streamlet. Mil- ton. To RILL, rfl. v. re. To run in small streams. Prior. RPLLET, rll'-lft. 99. re. s. A small stream. Carew. RIM, rim. re. s. [p.im, Sax.] A border ; a margin. Grew. That which encircles something else. Brown. IHME$, rime. re. 5. [hpim, riim, Sax.] Hoarfrost. Bacon, [rima, Lat.] A hole ; a chink. Brown. A step of a ladder. Grose. To RIME, rime. v. re. To freeze with hoar frost. RIME*. See Rhyme. RFMPLE§*,rW-pl. 405. n.s. [hjiympelle, Sax.] A wrinkle, a fold. Prompt. Parv. To RPMPLE, rlm'-pl. v. a. To pucker; to wrinkle. Chaucer. RFMPLING*, rim'-pl-lng. re. s. Uneven motion ; un- dulation. Crabbe. EFMY, rl'-me. a. Steamy; foggy; full of frozen mist. Harvey. RIND §, rind. 105. n.s. [jiinb, Sax.; rir.de, Dutch.] Bark; husk. Spensei'. To RIND, rind. v. a. To decorticate; to bark; to husk. RING §, ring. 57. re. s. [hpin^ 1 ,. jiing, Sax.] A cir cle; an orbicular line. Newton. A circle of gold or some other matter worn as an ornament. Shak A circle of metal to be held by. Dryden. A circu lar course. Sjnith. A circle made by persons standing round. Shak. A number of bells harmon ically tuned. Prior. The sound of bells or any other sonorous body. Bacon. A sound of any kind Bacon. To RING, ring. v. a. pret. and part. pass. rung. [hpinftan, Sax.] To strike bells or any other son orous body, so as to make it sound. Shak. [from ring.'] To encircle. Sliak. To fit with rings. Shak. To restrain a hog by a ring in his nose W Browne. To RING, ring. v. re. To form a circle. Spenser. To sound as a bell or sonorous metal. Milton. To practise the art of making musick with bells. Hol- der. To sound ; to resound Bacon. To utter as a bell. Shak. To tinkle. Dryden. To be fill&i with a bruit or report. South. RING-BONE, rlng'-bdne. re. s. A hard, callous sub stance growing in the hollow circle of the little pas tern of a horse. Farrier's Diet. RFNGDOVE, ring'-duv. n.s. [rhingeldmjve, Germ.] A kind of pigeon. Mortimer. RFNGER, rmV-ur._98, 409. re. s. He who rings. RFNGING*. ringing, n. s. Art or act of making musick with bells. Burton. To RINGLEAD*, rmgMede. v. a. To conduct. Transl. of Abp. of Spolato's Serm. RINGLEADER, rmg'-le-dur. re. s. One who leads the ring. Barrow. The head of a riotous body Bacon. RPNGLET, ring'-let. re. s. [ring, with a diminutive termination.] A small ring. Pope. A circle. Shak A curl. Milton. RFNGSTREAKED, rlng'-streekt. a. Circularly streaked. Gen. xxx. RFNGTAIL, ring'-tale. re. s. A kind of kite with a whitish tail. Beaumont and Fletcher. RFNGWORM, ring'-wurm. re. s. A circular tetter. Wiseman. To RINSE §, rinse, v. a. [rein, Germ. ; hreins, M. Goth.] To wash ; to cleanse by washing. Lev. xv. To wash the soap out of clothes. King. RFNSER, rm'-sur. re. s. One that washfs or rinses; a washer. RFOT$, rl'-fit. re. s. [riote,Yv.\ riotta Ital.] Wild and loose festivity. Sluik. A sedition , an uproar. Milton. — To run riot. To move or act without control or restraint. L J Estrange. To RFOT, rl'-ut. v. re. [rioter, old Fr.] To revel; to be dissipated in luxurious enjoyment's. Rom. xiii. To luxuriate; to be tumultuous. Pope. To ban- quet luxuriously. To raisp i sedition or uproar. RFOTER, rl'-ut-ur. 98. re. a Jne who is dissipated in luxury. Martin. One woo raises an uproar or sedition. Blackslone. RFOTISE, rl'-Ot-is. re. 5. Dissoluteness; luxury. Spenser. Ob. J. RFOTOUS, rl'-itt-us. 314, a. [rioteux, Fr.] Luxuri- ous; wanton: licentiously festive. Spenser. Sedi- tious; turbulent. Blackstone. RFOTOUSLY, rl'-ut-Qs-le. ad. Luxuriously; with licentious luxury. Ecclus. xiv. Seditiously; tur- hulently. Blackstone. RFOTOUSNESS, rl'-tu-us-nes. re. s. The state of being riotous. Raleigh. To RIP §, rip. ?>. a. [hjiypan, jiypan, uyppan, Sax.] To tear; to lacerate; to cut asunder by a con- tinued act of the knife or of other force. . 2 Kings, viii. To take away by laceration or cutting. Sliak. To disclose ; to search out ; to tear up ; to bring to view. Spenser. RIP*, rip. n. s. A laceration. Addison. A wicker basket to carry fish in. CoweL Refuse, [perhaps a corruption of riff.] A low word : as, a rip of a horse. RIPE§, ripe. a. [pipe, Sax. ; rijp, Dutch.] Brought RIS RIX — n6, move, nor. not ; — tube, tub, bull; — 611 ; — pound ; — thin, THis. to perfection in growth ; mature. Shak. Resem- bling the ripeness of fruit. Slutk. Finished; con- summate. Hooker. Broug-ht to the point of taking- effect 3 fully matured. Milton. Fully qualified by gradual improvement. Fell. To RIPE. ripe. r. n. To ripen ; to grow ripe ; to be matured. Sliakspeare. To RIPE, ripe. v. a. To mature ; to make ripe. Sliakspeare. RFPELY, rlpe'-le. ad. Maturely; at the fit time. Sliakspeare. To RFPEN, rl'-p'n. 103. v. n. [pipian, Sax.] To grow ripe ; to be matured. Bacon. To RI PEN, rl'-p'n. v. a. To mature ; to make ripe. Dryden. RIPENESS, rlpe'-nes. n. s. [pipenerre, Sax.] The state of being ripe ; maturity. Wiseman. Full growth. DenJuun. Perfection; completion. Hooker. Fitness; qualification. Sliakspeare. Rl'PIER*. n. s. [riparius, ]ow Lat. ; from the old Eng. rip.] One who brings fish from the seacoast to the inner parts of the land. Coicel. RIPPER, rip'-pfir. 98. n. s. One who rips ; one who tears ; one who lacerates. RIPPING*, rlp'-plng. n. s. Discovery. Spenser. To RI'PPLE$, rip'-pl. 405. v. n. To fret on the sur- face, as water swiftly running. Gray. — To ripple flax. To wipe or draw off its seed-vessels ; to clean flax. Ray. RFPPLE*, rlp'-pl. n. s. Agitation of w^ater fretting on the surface, or laving the banks. A large comb, through which flax is dressed. RI'PPLING*, rlp'-pl-lng. n. s. The ripple dashing on the shore. Pennant. Method of cleaning flax. RI PTOWELL, rlp'-tdu-el. n. s. A gratuity, or re- ward given to tenants, after they had reaped their lord's corn. Bailey. To RISE§, rlze. v. n. pret. rose ; part, risen, [rtisan. Goth. ; jiiran, Sax.] To change a jacent or re- cumbent to an erect posture. Shak. To get up from rest. Job, xxiv. To get up from a fall. Mil- ton. To spring; to grow up. Milton. To gain elevation of rank or fortune. Bacon. To swell. Lev. xiii. To ascend ; to move upwards. Bacon. To break out from below the horizon, as the sun. St. Matt. To take beginning; to come into exist- ence, or notice. Conchy. To begin to act. Milton. To appear in view. Addison. To change a sta- tion ; to quit a siege. Knolles. To be excited ; to be produced. Ohcay. To break into military commotions ; to make insurrections. Milton. To be roused ; to be excited to action. Ps. xciv. To make hostile attack. Deuteronomy . To grow more or greater in any respect. Milton. To increase in price. Locke. To be improved. Toiler. To elevate the style. Roscommon. To be revived from death. St. Matt. xxvi. To come by chance. Spenser. To be elevated in situation. Dryden. RISE. rise. 437, 560. n. s. The act of rising, locally or figuratively. Ld. Bacon. The act of mounting from the ground. Bacon. Eruption ; ascent. Bacon. Place that favours the act of mounting aloft. Creech. Elevated place. Denham. Appearance, as of the sun in the east. Waller. Increase in any respect. Increase of price. Temple. Beginning; original. Locke. Elevation ; increase of sound. Bacon. [hrys, lcel. ; i-ys, Teut.] A bough ; a branch. Chaucer. {r^p This word very properly takes the pure sound of s to distinguish it fram the verb, but does not adhere to this distinction so inviolably as the nouns use, excuse, &.c. ; for we sometimes hear li the Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire," " the rise and fall of provisions," &c, with the s like z. The pure 5, however, is more agreeable to analogy, and ought to be scrupulously preserved in these phrases bv all correct speakers. — See Principles, No. 437, 499, W. UI'SEN, rfV-zn. part, of To rise. RISER, rr'-zur. 98. n. s. One that rises. Clmpman. RISIBFLITY, rlz-e-bll'-e-ie. n. s. The quality of laughing. Dnjden. RISIBLE §, riz'-e-bl. 405. a. [risible,Fr.; risibilis, Lai.] Having the faculty or power of laughing. Gov. of the Tongue. Ridiculous; exciting laugb ter. RISING*, rl'-zlng. n. s. Act of getting up from z fall. St. Luke, ii. Appearance of the sun, of a star, or other luminary, above the horizon, which before was hid beneath it. Ps. I. A tumour. Lev. xiv. Tumult; insurrection. Sliak. Resurrection. St. Mark, xi. RISKS, risk, n. s. [risque, Fr.; rischio, Ital.] Haz- ard; danger; chance of harm. South. To RISK, risk. r. a. [risquer, Fr.] To hazard ; *o put to chance ; to endanger. Addison. Rl'SKER, risk'-ur. 98. n.s. He who risks. Butler. RTSSE. Th,e obsolete preterit of rise. B. Jonson. RITE §, rile. n. s. [rit, Fr. ; ritus, Lat.] Solemn act of religion; external observance. Hooker. RITORNE'LLQ*, re-tor-nel'-lo. n. s. [Ital.] The refrain, repeat, or burden, of an air or song. Mason. RI'TUAL, rit -tshu-al. 463. a. [riiuel. Fr.] Solemnly ceremonious; done according to some religious institution. Prior. RI'TUAL, rit' -tshu-al. n. s. A book in which the rites and observances of religion are set down. Addison. RI TUALIST, rit'-tshu-al-ist.«.s. One skilled in die ritual. Gregory. I RI'TUALLY* rit'-tshu-al-le. ad. With some par ticu.iar ceremony. Selden. RI' VA GE. n. s. [Fr.] A bank ; a coast ; the shore Spenser. Ob. J. RFVAL §, rl'-val. 88. n. s. [rivedis, Lat.] One who is in pursuit of the same thing which another man pursues ; a competitor. Di-yden. A competitor in love. Sidriey. RIVAL, rl'-val. a. Standing in competition; making ?he same claim ; emulous. Sliakspeare. To RFVAL, rl'-val. v. a. To stand in competition with another ; to oppose. South. To emulate ; to endeavour to equal or excel. Dryden. To RFVAL, rl'-val. o. n. To be competitors. Shak. I I RIYALITY, rl-val'-e-te. n. s. [rivalitas, Lat.] Equai rank. Shak. Competition; rivalry. Ob. J. i Ri 'VALRY, rl-val-re.7i.s. Competition; emulation. Addison. \\ R1VALSHIP, rl'-val-ship. n. s. The state or charac ter of a rival. B. Jonson. To RrVE §, rive. t\ a. preter. rived, part, riven. [pyjrc, Sax. ; rijven, Dutch.] To split; to cleave; to divide by a blunt instrument ; to force in disrup- tion. Spenser. | To RIVE, rive. v. n. [rifwa, Su. Goth.] To be split 5 ! to be divided by violence. Cliaucer. il IbRFVELfc, riv'-v'l. 102. v. a. feepipteb, Sax. ; ruyfielen, TeutJ To contract into wrinkles and corrugations. Grower. RI VEL* i: RI ii RIVEN, rlv'-v'n. 103. part of ru-e. RI'VER'§. riv'-ur. 98. n. s. [riviere, Fr. ; rivus, Lat.l A land current of water bigger than a brook Locke. RIVER*, rl'-vttr. n. s. One who spilts or cleaves. Echard. RIVER-DRAGON, rlv'-ur-drag'-un. n. s. A croco- dile. Milton. RFVERET, riv'-ur-et. n. s. [diminutive of river.'] A small stream : a rill. Drayton. I RIVER-GOD, riv'-vir-god. n. s. Tutelary deity of 9 river. Arbuthnot. RIVER-HORSE, rlv / -i 2 ir-h6rse. n. s. Hippopotamus Milton. RFVET §, rlv'-lt. 99. n. s. [river, Fr.] A fastening pi* cienched at both ends. Sliakspeare. To RFVET, rlv'-lt. v. a. To fasten with rivets. B Jonson. To fasten strongly; to make immova ble. Shak. To drive or clench a rivet. Moxon. RFVULET, rlv'-u-l£t. n. s. [riiiilus, Lat.] A small river ; a brook ; a streamlet. Milton. RIXA'TION*, riks-a'-shun. n. s. [ritatio, Lat.] A brawl ; a quarrel. Cockeram. RLXDO LLAR, riks -dol-lur. n. s. A German coiD worth about four shillings and six-pence sterling Diet. 787 ■orrugations. troioer. ROB ROD tO 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, mSt; — pine, pin: ROACH, r&tsh. 295. n. s. [jieohche, Sax.] A fish. Walton. — As sound as a roach, [roche, Fr. a rock.] Apparently a corrupt phrase. Firm; stoat. Pegge.. ROAD, ride. 295. n. s. [rude, Fr.; route, Fr.] Large way; path. Suckling. Ground where ships may anchor. Sliak. Inroad; incursion. Sliak. Jour- ney. Shak. The act or state of travelling". Law. ROADSTEAD*, r6de'-sl§d. n. s. A place fit for ships to anchor in. London Gaz. Extraord. ROA'DWAY*, rode'-wa. n. s. Course of the publick road; highway. Shakspeare. To ROAM§, r6me. 295. v. n. [romigare, Ital.] To wander without any certain purpose; to ramble; to rove ; to play the vagrant. Prior. To ROAM, r6me. v. a. To range ; to wander over. Milton. ROAM*, r6me. ) n. s. Act of wandering. ROA'MING* r6'-m?ng. ] More. ROA / MER,r6 / -mQr.98.«.s.Arover; a rambler; a wanderer ; a vagrant. Vis. of P. Plowman. ROAN, r6ne. 295. a. [rouen, Fr.] Bay, sorrel, or black colour, with gray or white spots interspersed very thick. Farrier's Diet. 7VROAR §,r6re. v. n. fpayian, Sax. ; reeren, Teut] To cry as a lion or other wild beast, Spenser. To cry in distress. Shak. To sound as the wind or sea. Dryden. To make a loud noise. Milton. ROAR, rdre. 295. n. s. The cry of the lion or other beast. Thomson. An outcry of distress. A clam- our of merriment. Shak. The sound of the wind ^r sea. Phillips. Any loud noise. Milton. ROA'RER, r RODOMONTA'DOR*, rod-6-m6n-ta'-dur. \ n ' s ' One who brags or blusters. Terry. HOEsS r6. 71. s. [pa, jia-beop, Sax.] A species of deer, yet found in the highlands of Scotland. 1 Chron. ROE, r6. n. s. old pi. roan, answering to roes, [raun, Dan. ; rogen, Germ.] The esrsrs offish. Shak. ROGATION, r6-ga / -shun. n."s. [Fr.; from rogo, Lat.] Litaivy; supplication. Hooker. ROGATION -"WEEK, ro-ga'-sh&n-week. n. s. The second week before Whitsunday ; thus called from three <"asts observed therein, the Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, called rogation days, because of the extraordinary prayers and processions then made for the fruits of the earth, or as a prepara- tion for the devotion of holy Thursday. Did. ROGUE §, r6g. 337. n.s. [prachgen. Dutch.] A wan- dering beggar 5 a vagrant; a vagabond. Spenser. A knave; a dishonest fellow; a villain ; a thief. Shak. A name of slight tenderness and endear- ment. Sluxk. [rogue, Fr. malapert, saucy.] A wag. Shakspeare. To ROGUE, r6g. v.n. To wander; to play the vagabond. Spenser. To play knavish tricks. Beau- mont and Fletcher. RO'GUERY, ro'-gjir-e. 98. n. s. The life of a vaga- bond. Donne. Knavish tricks. Spenser. Wag- gery; arch tricks. Life 0/ A. Wood. RO / GUESHIP, rog'-shlp. n. s. The qualities or per- sonage of a rogue. Bearnont and Fletcher. RO'GUISH, ri'-g'fsh. a. Vagrant ; vagabond. S}ien~ sei . Knavish; fraudulent. Swift. Waggish ; wan- ton; slightly mischievous. Dry den. RO GUISHLY, ri'-gish-le. ad. Like a rogue ; kna- vishly; wantonly. Granger. RO'GUISHNESS, r6'-gfsh-nes. n.s. The qualities of a rogue. ] RO'GUl, r6 ; -ge. 345. a. Knavish ; vr&tibn. Marston. ROIN*, r6ln. n. s. [rogue, Fr.] A scab ; a scurf. Chaucer. Ob. T. To ROIN. See To Royne. ROINISH. See Eoynish. ROINT* or ROYNT*, r6mt. ad. Aroynt; be gone: stand off. See Aroynt. Grose. To ROIST §. rolst. ) v. n. [hrister, Icel.] To To ROFSTER §, rd?s'-tur. £ behave turbulently ; to act at discretion ; to be at free quarter ; to blus- ter. Sfialcspeare. ROFSTER, r6fs'-tur. 299. n. s. A turbulent, brutal, lawless, blustering fellow. Mirror for Magistrales. RO'KY*, r6'-ke. a. [roock, Teut.] Misty; cloudy. Ray. To ROLL§, role. 406. v. a. [rouler, Fr.; *Men. Dutch.] To move any thing by volutation, oWuc- cessive' application of the different parts of the sur- face to the ground. Si. Mark, xvii. To move any thing round upon its axis. To move in a circle. Milton. To produce a periodical revolution. Mil- ton. To wrap round upon itself. To inwrap ; to involve in bandage. Wiseman. To form by roll- ing into round masses. Peacham. To pour in a stream or waves. Pope. To ROLL, rile. v. n. To be moved by the succes- sive application of all parts of the surface to a plane; as a cylinder. Milton. To run on wheels. Dry den. To perform a periodical revolution. Dryden. To move with the surface variously directed, Milton, 52 To foat in rough water. Pope. To move a* waves or volumes of" water. Milton. To fluctuate; to move tumultuously. Prior. To revolve on an axis. Sandys. To he moved with violence. Milton ROLL, r6le. n. s. The act of rolling; the state of be ing rolied. The thing rolling. Thomson, [rouleau, Fr.] Mass made round. Addistn. Writing rolled upon itself; a volume. Prior. A round body roll- ed along; a cylinder. Mortimer, [rotulus ,' Lat.] Publick writing. Slmk. A register ; a catalogue. Sidney. Chronicle. Dryden. [role, Fr.] Part; of- fice. L' Estrange. RO'LLER, r6'-l6r. 98. n. s. [rouleau, Fr.] Any thing turning on its own axis, as a heavy stone to level walks."' Hammond. Bandage ; fillet. "Wiseman RO'LLINGPIN, ri'-ilng-pm. n. s. A round piece of wood tapering at each end, with which paste is moulded. Wiseman. ROLLING PRESS, r6'-]?ng-pres. n. s. A cyl.nder rolling upon another cylinder, by which engravers print their plates upon paper. Massey. RO'LLYPOOLY,rc/-]e- P 66-le. n. s. A sort of game, in which, when a ball rolls info a certain place, it wins. A corruption of roll ball into tlie pool. Ar huthnot. RO'MAGE, rum'-mfdje. 90. n. s. A tumult ; a bus- tle ; an active and tumultuous search for any thing It is commonly written rummage. Slmkspeare. To RO'MAGE*, rum'-mfdje. a. a. To search. Sitift RO'MAN £*, ro'-man. n. s. [Romanus, Lat.] A na tive of Rome; one of the people of Rome ; a free- man of Rome. Acts, xxii. One of the Christian church at Rome, consisting partly of Jewish and partly of heathen converts, to whom St. Paul ad dressed an epistle. Locke, A papist j a romanist Lightfoot. RO'MAN*, nV-man. a. Relating to the people of Rome. Sherlock. Popish ; profess.ng the religion of the pope of Rome. Burnet. ROMA'NCE §, rd-manse'. n. s. [roman, Fr. ; roman- za, Ital.] A military fable of the middle ages; a tale of wild adventures in war and love. Milton. A lie ; a fiction. Prior. To ROMANCE, ro-manse'. v. n. To lie 5 to forge Richardson. ROMANCER, ro-mans'-ur. 98. n. s. A writer of ro- mances. A ubrey. A liar 5 a forger of tales U Es- trange. ROMA'NCY*, ro-man'-se. a. Romantick , fiu of wild scenery. Life of A. Wood. Ob. T. R0 3IANISM*, rd'-man-fzm. n. s. Tenets of the church of Rome. Brevint. ROMANIST*, ro'-man-ist. n. s. A papist. Bp. Hall. To RO'MANIZE, ro'-man-lze. v. a. To convert to Romish or papistical opinions. Mir. for Mag. To latinize ; to fill with modes of the Roman speech. Dryden. To RO'MANIZE*, ro'-man-lze. v. n. To follow a Romish opinion, custom, or mode of speech. Light- foot. ROMA'NTICAL*, r6-man'-te-kal. )a. Resembling- ROMA'NTICK, r6-man'-tlk. $ the tales of ro mances ; wild. Keil. Improbable ; false. Scott. Fanciful; full of wild scenery. Thomson. ROMA'NTICALLY*, ri-man'-le-kal-le. ad. Wildly 3 extravagantly. Pope. ROMA'NTICKNESS* ri-man'-tlk-nSs. n.s. State or quality of being romantick. ROME t, r66m. [room, Perry and Jones ; ro3m, or r6me, Fulton and Knight.'] n. s. The capital city of Italy, supposed to have been founded by Romu- lus, and once the mistress of the world. $^r* The in this word seems irrevocably fixed in the English sound of that letter in move, prove, &.c. Pope, indeed, rhymes it with dome : " Thus when we view some well-proportion'd dome, " The world's just wonder, and ev'n thine, Rome ." — But, as Mr. Nares observes, it is most probable that he pronounced this word as if written doom, as he rhymes Rome with doom afterwards in the same poem : " From the same foes at last both felt their doom ; " And the same age saw learning fall and Rome " Essay on Criticism, v. 685. 78fl ROO ROR \W 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 3— pine, p?n;— The truth is, nothing certain can be concluded from the rhyming of poets. It may serve to confirm an estab- lished usage, but can never direct us where usage is various and uncertain. But the pun which Shakspeare puts into the mouth of Cassius in Julius Caesar, decided- ly shows what was the pronunciation of this word in bis time : " Now it is Rome, indeed, and room enough, " When there is in it but one only man." And the Grammar in Queen Anne's time, recommended by Steele, says, the city Rome is pronounced like room; and Dr. Jones, in his Spelling Dictionary, 1704, gives it the same sound. W. RO'MEPENNY* ) n. s. [pome-pseni^, and pome- RO'MESCOT*. 5 pcofcfc, Sax.] Peter-pence, which see. Milton. ROMISH, r6 / -m?sh. a. Roman ; respecting the peo- Sle of Rome. Drant. Popish. Aylijfe. 'MIST*, r6 / -mlst. n. s. A papist. South. ROMP J, romp. n. s. [from ramp.] A rude, awk- ward, boisterous, untaught girl. Arbuthnot. Rough, rude play. Thomson. To ROMP, romp. v. n. To play rudely, noisily, and boisterously. Swift. RO'MPISH*, rom'-plsh. a. Inclined to rude or rough plav. Ash. RO'MPISHNESS*, r&m'-pish-ngs. n.s. Disposition to rude sport. Spectator. RONDEA b\ ron-do'. n. s. [Fr.l A kind of ancient poetry, commonly consisting of thirteen verses ; of which eight have one rhyme and five another : it is divided into three couplets, and at the end of the second and third, the beginning of the rondeau is repeated in an equivocal sense, if possible. War- ton. A kind of jig, or lively tune, which ends with the first strain repeated. RO'NDLE, ron'-dl. n. s. [rondelle, old Fr.] A round mass. Peacham. RO'NDURE*, rond'-ire. n. s. [rondeur, Fr.] A cir- cle; around. Shakspeare. Ob. T. RO'NION, r&n'-yftn. 113. n.s. [rogne, royne, Fr.] A fat, bulky woman. Shakspeare. RONG*, rong. The old pret. and part, of ring. Chaucer. RONT, runt. lo5. n.s. An animal stinted in the growth : commonly pronounced mnt. Spenser. OD, rood. 306. n. s. [pob, Sax.] The fourth part of an acre in square measure, or one thousand two hundred and ten square yards. Swift. A pole ; a measure of sixteen feet and a half in long measure, j Milton, [pobe, Sax.] The cross; an image or | picture of our Saviour upon the cross, with those of 1 , the Virgin Mary and St. John on each side of it. Spenser. ROO'DLOFT, roOd'-joft. n. s. A gallery in the church on which the cross, or the representation already mentioned, was set to view. Ashmole. ROOF §, r66f. 306. n. s. [hpop, Sax.] The cover of a house. Sidney. The house in general. Chapman. The vault ; the inside of the arch that covers a building. Hooker. The palate ; the upper part of the mouth. Shakspeare. To ROOF, r6Sf. v. a. To cover with a roof. Milton. To enclose in a house. Shakspeare. ROOTLESS*, rOGf'-les. a. [pop leap, Sax.] Want- ing a roof; uncovered. Hughes. ROOTY, ro6f-e. a. Having roofs. Dryden. ROOK§, rS6k. 306. [ruk, Jones, Fulton and Knight.] n. s. [hpoc, Sax.] A bird resembling a crow : it feeds not on carrion, but grain. Shak One of the pieces used at the game of chess. Dry- den. A cheat; a trickish, rapacious fellow Milton. To ROOK. rodk. v. n. To rob ; to cheat. Locke. To ROOK*, r55k. v. a. To cheat ; to plunder by cheating. Aubrey. To ROOK*, ro6k. v. n. To squat. See To Ruck. ROOKERY, r66k'-ur-e. n. s. A nursery of rooks. Pope. ROOKY, r6ok'-e. a. Inhabited by rooks. Shak. ROOM §, r65m. 306. n.s. [pum, Sax.] Space ; ex- tent of place great or small. Milton. Space or place unoccupied. Bentley. Way unobstructed. Shak. Place of another ; stead. Hooker. Unob- structed opportunity. Addison. Possible admission possible mode. A. Philips. An apartment in a nouse ; so much of a house as is enclosed with'a partitions. Shak. Particular place or station Spenser. Office. Cavendish. ROO'MAGE, r66nV-idje. 90 v s. Space; place. WoUon. ROO'MFUL*, roSm'-ful a. Abounding with rooms. Donne. Oh. T. ROO'MINESS, rSSm'-e-nes. n. s. Space ; quantity of extent. ROOMTH*, rSSmtfi. n. s. Space ; place. Drayton ROO'MTHY*, rSom'-^e. a. Spacious. Fuller. ROO'MY, rOSm'-e. a. Spacious ) wide ; large. Dry den. ROOP*, rSop. n.s. [hroop, Icel.] A hoarseness. Ray. ROOST §, roost. 306. n.s. [hpopfc. Sax.] That on which a bird sits to sleep. Dryden. The act of sleep ing. Dei-ham. To ROOST, r6Sst. v. n. [roesten, Dutch.] To sleep as a bird. U Estrange. To lodge : in burlesque. ROOT §, r66t. 306. n. s. [rot, Swed. ; roed, Danish.) That part of the plant which rests in the ground, and supplies the stems with nourishment. Evelyn. The bottom ; the lower part. Milton. A plant of which the root is esculent. Waits. The original ; the first cause. Temple. The first ancestor. Sliak. Fix- ed residence. Impression ; durable effect. Hooker. To ROOT, root. 11. n. To fix the root ; to strike far into the earth. Shale. To turn up earth ; to search in the earth. Browne. To sink deep. Fell. To ROOT, root. v. a. To fix deep in the earth. Dry- den. To impress deeply. South. To turn up out of the ground ; to radicate ; to extirpate. Shak. To destrov ; to banish : with particles. Milton. ROOT-BOUND*, rSot'-bdund. a. Fixed to the earth bv a root. Milton. R.OOT-BUILT*, root'-hllt. a. Built of roots. Shen- stone. ROOT-HOUSE*, roSt'-hSfis. n.s. An edifice of roots. Dodsley. ROO'TED, rSS't'-eU a. Fixed ; deep ; radical. Ham- mond. ROO'TEDLY*, r65t'-ed-le. ad. Deepy; strongly. Shakspeare. ROO'TER*, rSSl'-ur. n. s. One who tears up by the root. South. ROO'TY, rOOt'-c. a. Full of roots. Diet. ROPE §, r6pe. n. s. [pap, Sax.; reep, roop, Dutch.] A cord ; a string ; a halter ; a cable ; a halser. Bacon. Anv row of things depending : as, a rope of onions. L'oclce. [poppap, Sax.] The intestines of birds : as, the ropes of a woodcock. To ROPE, r6pe. v. n. To draw out into viscosities ; to concrete into glutinous filaments. Bacon.. ROTEDANCER, rope'-dans-ur. n. s. An artist who dances on a rope. Wilkins. ROTELADDER*, r6pe'-lad-dnr. n. s. A portable ladder made of rope. ROTEMAKER, or Roper, r6pe'-ma-kur. n. s. One who makes ropes to sell. Sluikspeare. RO'PERY, rope'-ur-e. n. s. Rogue's tricks. Shak. Place where ropes are made. Swinburne. ROTETRICK, rOpe'-trlk. n. s. Probably a rogue's trick ; a trick that deserves the halter. Sfiakspeare. RO'PEWALK* r6pe'-wawk. n. s. Walk or place where ropes are made. RO'PJNESS, rO'-pe-nes. n.s. Viscosity; glutinous- RO'PY, r,Lat/ Producing dew. Diet. RORFFLUENT, r6-rlf-flu-ent. 518. a. [ros aiyi fluo, Lat.l Flowing with dew Diet. ROT ROU — no, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tab, bull ;— oil ; — pound ; — th'm, THis. UO'SARY, r6'-zur-e. 440. n. s. [rosarium, Lat.] A bunch of beads, on which the Romanists number their prayers. Milton. A bed of roses ; a place where roses grow. Proceed, against Garnet, . a. To fix in the memory, without informing the understanding. Shakspeare. To ROTE*, rote. v. n. [rota, Lat.] To go out by ro- tation or succession. Grey. RO'TGUT, roi'-giit. n. s. [ret and gut.] Bad beer. Harvey. RO'THER-BEASTS*. n.s. [hpyftep,Sax.] Horn- ed cattle ; black cattle. Golding. ROTHER-NAILS. n.s. [a corruption of rudder.] [Among shipwrights.] Nails with ver} T full heads used for fastening the rudder irons of ships. Bai ley. RO'THER-SOIL*. n.s. The dung of roiher-beasts. Bailey. RO'TTEN, r&t'-ln. 103. a. Putrid ; carious ; putres- cent. Shak. Not firm; not trusty. Shak. Not sound ; not hard. Knolles. Fetid ; slinking. Shale. RO'TTENNESS, rol'-tn-nes. n. s. State of being rotten ; cariousness ; putrefaction. Shakspeare. ROTU'ND §, ro-lund'. a. [rotundas, Lat.] Round j circular; spherical. Addison. ROTUNDIFO'LIOUS, ri-tun-de-foMe-us. a. [ro- fundus ami folium, Lat.] Having round leaves. ROTUNDITY, ro-nV-de-te. n. s. [rotundilas , Lat. rotnndite, Fr.] Roundness ; sphericity ; circularity Shakspeare. ROT UNDO, rA-tfln'-dft. n. s. [rotondo, Ital.] A building formed round both in the inside and out side ; such as the pantheon at Rome. Addison. ROUGE, roozhe. n.s. [Fr.] Red paint. ROUGE*; roozhe. a. [Fr.J Red. Davies. To ROUGE*, rS6zhe. v. n. To lay rouge upon the face : as, She rouges. To ROUGE*, rSoz'he. v. a. To have the face colour- ed with rouge : as, She was rouged. ROUGH §,ruf. 314, 391. a. [hpeop,peoh,Sax.] Not smooth ; rugged ; having inequalities on the sur- face. Milton. Austere to the taste : as rough wine. Harsh to the ear. Shak. Rugged of temper ; in- elegant of manners ; not soft ; coarse ; not civil ; severe ; not mild ; rude. Shak. Not gentle ; not proceeding by easy operation. Clarendon. Harsh to the mind ; severe. Locke. Hard-featured ; not delicate. Dryden. Not polished ; not finished by art : as, a rough diamond. Terrible ; dreadful. Milton. Rugged ; disordered in appearance v coarse. Pope. Tempestuous ; stormy ; boisterous. Shakspeare. Hair} r ; covered with hair or feathers. ROUGH*, ruf. n. s. Not calm weather. P. Fktclver. Ob. T. TbROU'GHCAST, ruP-kast. v. a. [rough and cast.} To mould without nicety or elegance ; to form with, asperities and inequalities. Cleaveland. To form any thing in its first rudiments. Dryden. ROU'GHCAST, ruF-kast. n. s. A rude model ; a form in its rudiments. Digby. A kind of plaster mixed with pebbles, or _by some other cause very uneven on the surface. Shakspeare. ROU'GHDRAUGHT, ruP-draft. n. s. A draught ia its rudiments ; a sketch. Dryden. 791 ROU ROU ICT 559.— Fate, far, fa.ll, fatj— m£, met; — pine, pin ; — To ROU'GHDRAW, rfif-draw. v. a. To trace coarsely. Dryden. To ROU'GHEN, ruf-fn. 103. v. a. To make rough. Drxiden. To ROU'GHEN, ruf-fn. v. n. To grow rough, Thomson. To ROU'GHHEW, rfif-hiV. v. ft. [rough and hew,] To give to any thing the first appearance of form. Shakspeare. ROU'GHHEWN, ruf-hune'. part. a. Rugged ; un- polished; uncivil; unrefined. Bacon. Not yet nicely finished. Howell. ROU'GHLY, ruf-le. ad. With uneven surface ; with asperities on the surface. Harshly ; uncivilly ; rude- ly. Spenser. Severely ; without tenderness. Dry- den. Austerely to the taste. Boisterously; tem- pestuously. Harshly to the ear. ROUGHNESS, ruf-nes. n. s. Superficial asperity; unevenness of surface. Boyle. Austereness to the taste. Brown. Taste of astringency. Spectator. Harshness to the ear. Dryden. Ruggedness of temper ; coarseness of manners ; tendency to rude- ness; coarseness of behaviour and address. Bacon. Absence of delicacy. Addison. Severity ; violence of discipline. Violence of operation in medicines. Unpolished or unfinished state. Inelegance of dress or appearance. Tempestuousness ; stormi- ness. Coarseness of features. ROUGH-FOOTED, rfif-fftt-Sd. a. Feather-footed : as, " a rough- footed dove." Sherwood. ROUGH-RIDER f, ruf-ri'-dfir. n.s. One that breaks horses for riding. ROUGH-SHOD*, rfif-shod. a. [rough and shod.-] Having the foot fitted, when the roads in frosty weather are slippery, with a roughened shoe : used of horses. ROU'GHINGS*, ruf -f Ingz. n. s. pi. Grass after mow- ins: or reaping. ROUGHT, rawt. 319. [old pret. of reach.] Reached. Shakspeare. To ROU'GHWORK, ruf'-wurk. v. a. To work coarselv over without the least nicety. Moxon. ROULEAU*, rS6'-l6. n.s. [Fr.] A little roll} a roll of guineas made up in a paper. Pope. To ROUN*, roun. v. n. [punian, Sax.] To whisper. Gower. To ROUN*, roun. t\ a. To address in a whisper. Breton. ROUNCEVAL, rSiW-se-val. 313. n.s. [from Roun- cesval, a town at the foot of the Pyrenees.] A spe- cies of pea. Tusser. ROUND ground. 313. a. [rond, Fr. ; rondo, Ital.] Cylindrical. Milton. Circular. Brown. Spheri- cal ; orbicular. Milton, [rotundo ore, Lat.] Smooth ; without defect in sound. Fell. Whole ; not broken. Arhuthnot. Large ; not inconsiderable : this is hardly used but with sum or price. Sluxk. Plain ; clear ; fair ; candid ; open. Bacon. Quick ; brisk. Dryden. Plain ; free without delicacy or re- serve; almost rough. Shakspea7-e. ROUND, round, n. s. A circle ; a sphere ; an orb. Shak. Rundle ; step of a ladder. Dryden. The time in which any thing has passed through all hands, and comes back to the first : hence applied I to a carousal. Suckling. A revolution ; a course ending at the point where it began. Milton. Po- tation ; succession in vicissitude. Holyday. A walk performed by a guard or officer, to survey a cer- tain district. Langton. A dance ; a roundelay ; a song. Dames. A general discharge of cannon or fire-arms. James. ROUND, rdund. ad. Every way ; on eril sides. Gen- esis. In a revolution. Government of the Tongue. Circularly. Milton. Not in a direct line. Pope. ROUND, rMnd. prep. On every side of. Milton. About; circularly about. Dryden. All over; here and there in. Dryden. To ROUND, rSund. v. a. [rotundo, Lat.] To sur- round ; to encircle. Shak. To make spherical, circular, or cylindrical. Bacon. To raise to a re- lief. Addison. To move about any thing Milton. \ To mould into smoothness. Swift. To ROUND, r6und. v.n. To grow round in form Slmkspeare. To whisper. Sidney. To go rounds, as a guard. Milton. To ROUND, rdund. v. a. To address in a whisper.', a corruption of roun. Spenser. ROUNDABOUT, r6und'-a-b6&t. a. Ample; exten- sive. Locke. Indirect; loose. Felton. ROUNDEL, roun'-del. ) n. s. [rondelet, Fr.l ROUNDELAY, r6iV-de-lM A rondeau. Spenr ser. [rondelle, Fr.] A round form or figure. Bacon. ROUNDER, ro&nd'-ur. 98. n.s. See Rondure. ROUNDHEAD, r6und'-hed. n.s. [round and head.] A Puritan, so named from the practice once preva* lent among them of cropping their hair round Spectator. ROUNDHEA'DED* round'-hed-ed. a. Having a round top. Lowth. ROUNDHOUSE, r6und'-h6use. n. s. [round and house.] The constable's prison, in which disorderly persons, found in the street, are confined. Pope. ROUNDISH, round'-Ish. a. Somewhat round j ap- proaching to roundness. Boyle. ROUNDLET*,roundMet.«.s. A little circle. Greg- ory. ROUNDLY*. r6undMe. a. Somewhat round ; like a circle. W. Browne. ROUNDLY, round 7 -le. ad. In a round form; in a round manner. Openly ; plainly ; without rev*- e. Hooker. Briskly ; with speed. Locke. Complete- ly ; to the purpose ; vigorously ; in earnest. Shak. ROUNDNESS, rSund'-nes. n. s. Circularity ; sphe- ricity; cylindrical form. Bacon. Smoothness. Spenser. Honesty ; openness j vigorous measures. Raleigh. ROUND-ROBIN*, round'-r&b-bm, n. s. [ruban ron- de, Fr.] A written petition or remonstrance, signed by several persons round a ring or circle. Sir W Forbes. To ROUSE §. rouze. 313. v. a. [of the same class of words with raise or rise.] To wake from rest. Dry- den. To excite to thought or action. Clmpman. To put into action. Spenser. To drive a beasl from his lair. Gen. xlix. To ROUSE, rouze. v.n. To awake from slumber. Milton. To be excited to thought or action. Shak, ROUSE, rouze. n. s. [rausch, Germ.] A large glass filled to the utmost, in honour of a health proposed* Shaksveare. ROU'SER, rou'-zSr. n. s. One who rouses. Shelion, ROUT§, rout. 313. n. s. [route, old Fr. ; rot, Teut.] A clamorous multitude ; a rabble ; a tumultuous crowd. Spenser. A select company. Chaucer, [route. Fr.] Confusion of an army defeated or dis persed. Daniel. To ROUT, rout. v. a. To dissipate and put into con- fusion by defeat. Spenser. To ROUT, r6ut. v.n. To assemble in clamorous and tumultuous crowds. Bacon. To ROUT*, or ROWT*, rout. v.n. [hriota, Icel. ; hpufcan, Sax.] To snore in sleep. Chaucer. To ROUT*, rout. v. n. To search in the ground, as a swine. A corruption of root. It is a low expres- sion also for making any search. Edwards. ROUTE, r6ut, or r66t. [root, Jones, Fulton and KnigJit.] n. s. [route, Fr.] Road ; way. Gay. £|^r Upon a more accurate observation of the best usage, I n^ttt give the preference to the first sound of this woJ^fcotwithstanding its coincidence in sound with anothCT word of a different meaning ; the fewer French sounds of this diphthong we have in our language the better; nor does. there appear anv necessity for retain- ing the final e.— See Bowl. Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Smith make a difference between rout, a rabble, and route, a road ; Mr. Scott gives both sounds, but seems to prefer the first ; W. Johnston, fir. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, pronounce both alike, and with the first sound. W. ROUTFNE*,vbo-\.bhn'. 112. n.s. [Fr.] Custom j practice. Butler. TtCf This is a French word adopted to express any prac- tice, proceeding in the same regular way, without any alteration according to circumstances. W 192 RUB RUD -n6, move, ndr, 11615 — lube, tub, bull;— 611 3 — pduad; — ih'm, THis. To ROVE §, rove, v. n. [rqffver, Dan. 3 rooven, Teut.] To ramble 5 to range 5 to wander. Shakspeare. To shoot an arrow called a rover. Spenser. To ROVE, rove, v. a. To wander over. Milton. RO'VER, ro'-vur. 93. n. s. A wanderer; a ranger. Bogan. A fickle, inconstant man. Mendez. tjieajrejie, Sax.] A robber ; a pirate. Bacon. A ind of arrow. B. Jonson. — At rovers. Without any particular aim. Abp. Crammer, RO'VTNG*, ro'-vhig. n. s. Act of rambling- or wan- dering - . Barrow. ROW §, r6. 324. n. s. [reih, Germ. ; Tisepa, Sax.] See Re w. A rank or file; a number of things rang- ed in a line. Sidney. ROW*. r6u. n. s. A riotous noise ; a drunken debauch. A low expression. To ROWS, 1-6. ». n. [popan. Sax.] To impel a ves- sel in the water by oars. Si. Mark. To ROW, r6. v. a. To drive or help forward by oars. Milton. ROWABLE* r6'-a-bl. a. Capable of being rowed upon. B. Jonson. ROWEL §, r6u'-ll. 322. n. s. [rouelle, Fr.] A little, flat ring or wheel, of plate or iron, in horses' bits. The points of a spur turning on an axis. Shak. A seton ; a roll of hair or silk put into a wound to hinder it from healing, and provoke a dis- charge. To RO'WEL, r6u'-u. r\ a. To pierce through the skin, and keep the wound open by a rowel. Morti- mer. RO WEN, r6u'-en. n. s. A field kept up till after Michaelmas, that the com left on the ground may sprout into green. Tusser. RO'WER, r6'-ftr. 98. n.s. One that manages an oar. Dniden. RO'YAU, r6e / -al. 329. a. [royal, Fr.] Kingly; be- longing to a king ; becoming a king ; regal. Mil- ton. Noble; illustrious. Shakspeare. RO'YAL*, r6e'-ai. n.s. One of the shoots of a slag's head. Bailey. The highest sail of a ship. Cham- bers. [In artillery.] A kind of small mortar. Cham- bers. One of the soldiers of the first regiment of foot, which is called The Royals, and is supposed to be the oldest regular corps in Europe. James. RO'YALISM*, r6e'-al-izm.n. s. [royalisme,Fr.~\ At- tachment to the cause of royally. RO'YALIST, r6e / -al-ist. n.s. [royalisie, Fr.] Adhe- rent to a king. South. To ROYALIZE, rSe'-al-lze. v. a. To make royal. Slmkspeare. RO'YALLY, r6e'-al-e. ad. In a kingly manner; re- gally; as becomes a king. Shakspeare. RO'YALTY, i^e'-al-te. n.s. [royaulle, Fr.] King- ship ; character or office of a king. Sliak. State of a king. Prior. Emblems of royalty. Milton. To ROYNE, r6in. v. a. [rogner, Fr.] To gnaw ; to bite. Spenser. RO'YNISH. r6e'-msh. 329. a. [rogneux, Fr.] Paltry; sorry ; mean ; rude. Shakspeare. RO YTELET, rOe'-te-let. n.s. A little or petty king. Heylin. R.O'YTISH*, r6e'-t?sh. a. Wild ; irregular. Beau- mont. To RUB§, rub. v. a. [rhubio, Welsh ; reiben, Germ.] To clean or smooth any thing by passing something over it; to scour; to wipe; to perf'ric^^kTo touch so as to leave something of that whic^PRhes behind. Milton. To move one body upon anoth- er. Shak. To obstruct by collision. Shak. To polish ; to retouch. South. To remove by friction. Collier. To touch hard. Sidney. — To rub down. To clean or curry a horse. Dryden. To rub up. To excite ; to awaken. South. To rub up. To polish ; to refresh. To RUB, rub. v. n. To fret ; to make a friction. Dryden. To get through difficulties. Cluipman. RUB, rub. n. s. Fricatiou ; act of rubbing. Inequal- ity of ground that hinders the motion of a bowl. Any unevenness of surface. Brown. Collision; hinderance ; obstruction. Sliakspeare. Difficulty ; cause of uneasiness. Sliakspeare. RUB-STONE, rub'-st6ne. n. s. A slone to scour or sharpen. Tusser. RU'BBER, r&b'-bur. 98. ?i.s. One that rubs. Beaum. and Fl. The instrument with which one rubs Dryden. A coarse file. Moxon. A game - a con test ; two games out of three. L' Estrange. A whet- stone. Ainsworth. RU'BBAGE, rfib'-bldje. \ 90. n.s. [from rub, as RU'BBISH, rub'-bfsh. $ peihaps meaning, at first, dust made by rubbing.] Ruins of building fragments of matter used in building. Shak. Con- fusion ; mingled mass. Arbuthnot. Any thing \'\ie and worthless. RU'BBIDGE*, rub'-bldje. n.s. Rubbish. RU'BBLEVQb'-bl.H.s. Rubbish. Barret RUBBLE-STONE, rub'-bl-st6ne. n. s. Stones rub- bed and worn by the water, at the lattor end of the deluge. Woodward. RU'BICAN, r66'-be-kan. a. [rubican f Fr.] Rubiean colour of a horse is one that is bay, sorrel, or black, with a light gray or white upon >ne flanks, but not predominant there. Farriers Diet. RUBICUND, rSo'-bc-kund. 33f . a. [rubkonde, Fr. ; rubicundus, Lat.] Inclining to redness. Douce. RUBICU'NDITY*, r66-be-kun'-de-te. n. s. Dispo- sition to redness. Scott. RU'BIED. r6o'-b?d. 283. a. Red as a ruby. Shak. RUBIFICA'TION*, rdo-be-ie-ka'-shun. n. s. [ruber and facio, Lat.] Act of making red : a term of chymistry. Howell. RUBFFICK, rod-b'ff-fik. 509. a. Making red. Grew. RU'BIFORM, rofZ-be-fOrm. a. [ruber, Lat., and form.] Having the form of red. Newton. To RUBIFY, roS'-be-fl. 183. v. a. To make red. Chaucer. RU'BIOUS, roo'-be-us. 314. a. [rubeus, Lat.] Rud- dy ; red. Shakspeare. Ob. J. RU'BRICAL*, r66'-bre-kal. a. [rubrica, Lat.] Red. Milton. Placed in rubricks. Warton. To RU BRICATE*, roS'-bre-kate. v. a. [rubrka- tus, Lat.] To distinguish or mark with red. Sir T. Herbert. RUBRICATE*, r66'-bre-kate. part. a. Marked with red. Spelman. RU'BRICK, ro6'-br?k. n. s. [mbrique, Fr. ; rubrica,, Lat.] Directions printed in books of law and in prayer books ; so termed because they were origin- ally distinguished bv being in red ink. Milion. RU'BRICK, rOo'-brlk. a. Red. Newton. To RU BRICK, roo'-brik. r. a. To adoni with red. RU'BY §. rOO'-be. n. s. [i-ubi, ruins, old Fr., from ru- ber, Lat.] A precious stone of a red colour, next in hardness and value to a diamond. Donne. Red- ness. Shak. Any thing red. Milton. A blain ; a blotch ; a carbuncle. Ward. RU'BY, rOo'-be. a. Of a red colour. Shakspeare. To RU'BY*, roo'-be. v. a. To make red. Poik. Ob. T. To RUCK*, ruk. v. a. [pyii^an, Sax.] To cower ; to sit close ; to lie close. Gower. RUCK*, ruk. n. s. [ppi^an, Sax.] A part of silk or linen folded over, or covering some other part, when the whole should lie smooth or even. RUCTA'TION, ruk-ta'-shun. n. s. [ructo, Lat.] A belching arising from wind and indigestion. Cocke- ram. RUD§*, rud. a. [riube, Sax. ; roed, Su. Goth.] Red; ruddy ; rosy. Sir Gawaine. Percy's Rel. RUD*, rod. n. s. [p.ubu, Sax.] Redness ; blush. Chaucer. Ruddle; red ochre used to mark sheep Grose. A kind of bastard small roach. Walton. To RUD, rud. v. a. To make red. Spenser. Ob J RU'DDER. rud'-dfir. 98. n. s. [roeder, Teut.] The instrument at the stern of a vessel, by which its course is governed. Acts, xxvii. Any thing that g-uides or governs the course. Hudibras. RU'DDINESS, rfid'-de-nes. n.s. The quality of ap- proaching to redness. Shakspeare. RUDDLE, rfid'-dl. 405. n. s. [rudul, Icel.] Red earth. Woodward. RU'DDLEMAN*, rud'-dl-man. n. s. One who is employed in dierging ruddle or red earth. Burton. 793 RUF RUL \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n : RU'DDOCK, rfid'-duk. ?i.s. [pubbuc, Sax.] A red- breast. Spenser. RU'DDY $, rud'-de. a. [p.ubu, Sax.] Approaching to redness ; pale red. Otway. Yellow. Dryden. RUDE $, r66d. 339. a. [rude, Fr. ; rudis, Lat.] Un- taught 3 barbarous ; savage. Wilkins. Rough ; coarse of manners ; uncivil; brutal. Shak. Vio- lent ; tumultuous ; boisterous ; turbulent. Milton. Harsh; inclement. Waller. Ignorant; raw; un- taught. 2 Cor. [rude, Fr.] Rugged ; uneven ; shapeless ; unformed. Chapman. Artless ; inele- gant. Spenser. Such as may be done with strength without art. Dryden. RU'DELY, r66d ; -le. ad. In a rude manner ; fierce- ly; tumultously. Sliak. Without exactness ; with- out nicety; coarsely. Sliak. Unskilfully. Dryden. Violently ; boisterously. Spenser. RU'DENESS, roM'-nes. n.s. [rvdesse, Fr.] Coarse- ness of manners; incivility. Shak. Ignorance; un- skilfulness. Hayward. Artlessness ; inelegance ; coarseness. Spenser. Violence ; boisterousness. Sliak. Storminess ; rigour. Evelyn. RU' DENTURE, r66'-d6n-tshure. n. s. [Fr.] [In architecture.] The figure of a rope or staff, some- times plain and sometimes carved, wherewith the flutings of columns are frequently filled up. Bai- ley. RU DERARY, rc-O'-de-rar-e. a. [rudera, Lat.] Be- longing to rubbish. Did. RUDERA'TION, r66-dur-a'-shun. n. s. [In archi- tecture.] The laving of a pavement with pebbles or little stones. Baucy. RUDESBY, r6Sdz'-be. n. s. An uncivil, turbulent fellow. Shakspeare. RUTHMENT5, rSo'-de-ment. n.s. [Fr.; rudimen- tum, Lat.] The first principles ; the first elements of a science. Hooker. The first part of education. Wotton. The first, inaccurate, unshapen begin- ning or original of any thing. Bacon. To RUTHMENT*, r66'-de-ment v. a. To ground; to settle in rudiments of any science. Ga.yton. Ob. T. * RUDIMF/NTAL, r66-de-ment'-al. a. Initial; relat- ing to first principles. Spectator. To RUE§, r66. 339. v. a. [hpeopian, Sax.; reuen, Germ.] To grieve for ; to regret ; to lament. Spen- ser. To RUE*, r55. v.n. To have compassion. Chaucer. RUE*, r66. n. s. [hpeope, Sax.] Sorrow ; repentance. Shakspeare. RUE, r66. n.s. [rue, Fr. ; ruta, Lat. ; pube, Sax.] An herb, called herb ofgrace, because holy water was sprinkled with it. Tusscr. RUE'FUL, r66'-ful. 174. a. Mournful; woful; sor- rowful. Shakspeare. RUE'FULLY, r66 / -ful-e. ad. Mournfully; sorrow- fully. More. RUEFULNESS, rO^-ffil-nes. n.s. Sorrowfulness; rnournfulness. Spenser. RUE TNG*, r66'-mg. n. s. Lamentation. Sir T. Smith. RUE'LLE, r66-£l / . n. s. [Fr.] A circle; an assem- bly at a private house. Dryden. Ob. J. RUFF, ruf'. n. s. A puckered linen ornament, for- merly worn about the neck. SJiak. Any thing col- lected into puckers or corrugations. Pope, [from rough scales.] A small river fish. Walton. A state of roughness. Chapman. New state : a cant word. U Estrange. A bird of the tringa species. B. Jon- son. A particular kind of pigeon, [ronfle, Fr.] At cards, the act of winning the trick by trumping cards of another suit. To RUFF*, ruf. v. a. To ruffle ; to disorder. Spenser. To trump anv other suit of the cards at whist. RU FFIAN §, fuf-yan. 113. n. s. [rujjiano, Ital ; ruf- Jien, Fr ; rofwa/Sa. Goth.] A brutal, boisterous, mischievous iellow; a cut-throat; a robber; a mur- derer. Bp. Hall. RU'FFIAN, rfif-yan. a. Brutal ; savagely boisterous. Sliak-speare. To RUTFIAN, ruf -yan. v. n. To rage ; to raise tu- mults ; to play the ruffian. SJiakspeare. Ob. J. RUTFIANL1KE*. rfif-yan- RL T/ FFIANLY*,r6'f-yan-le. like. \a. Likeaniifian} yan-le. $ dissolute ; licen- tious; brutal. Fulke. To RU'FFLE §, r&f-fl. 405. v. a. [ruyfelen, Teut.] To disorder ; to put out of form ; "to make less smooth. Sliak. To discompose ; to disturb ; to put out of temper. Glanville. To put out of order; to surprise. Hudibras. To ihrow disorderly together. Cliapman. To contract into plaits. Addison. To RUFFLE, ruf-fi. v. n. To grow rough or turbu lent. Sliak. To be in loose motion ; to flutter. Homily against Excess of Apparel. To be rough ; to jar; to be in contention. Bacon. RU'FFLE, rfif-fl. n. s. Plaited linen used as an ornament, Addison. Disturbance ; contention ; tumult. Shak. A kind of flourish upon a drum ; a military token of respect. RU'FFLER*, ruf-fl-fir. n. s. A swaggerer; a bully j a boisterous fellow. Bale. Ob. T. RU'FFLING*, ruf-fl-fng. n.s. Commotion; distur- bance. Barrel. Ob. T. RU'FTERHOOD, rfif-tfir-hud. n.s. [In falconry.] A hood to be worn by a hawk when she is first drawn. Bailey. RUG, r6g. n. s. [p.ooc, Sax.] A coarse, nappy, wool- len cloth. Peacham. A coarse, nappy coverlet used for mean beds. Judges, iv. A rough, woolly dog. Shakspeare. RUG-GOWNED*, rug'-gSund. a. Wearing a coarse or rough gown. Beaumont and Fletcher. RU'GGED^rug'-gld. 99, 366. a. [mggig, Swed.: rugueux, old Fr.] Rough ; full of unevenness and asperit}-. Denhani. Not neat ; not regular ; uneven, Shak. Savage of temper ; brutal; rough. South.. Storm)' ; rude ; tumultuous ; turbulent ; tempestuous. Shak. Rough or harsh to the ear. Dryden. Sour; surly; discomposed. Shak. Violent; rude; bois- terous. Hudibras. Rough ; shaggy. Shakspeare. RU'GGEDLY, rfig'-gld-le. ad. In a rugged man ner. Bp. Nicolson. RU'GGEDNESS, rug'-gid-n£s. n.s. The state or quality of being rugged. Johnson. Roughness ; asperity. Bacon. Roughness; rudeness; coarse- ness of behaviour. Mayne. • RU'GIN, rOO'-j'm. n. s. A nappy cloth. RU'GINE, i^o'-jene. n. s. [Fr.] A chirurgeon's rasp. Sharp. RUGOSE $, r66-g6se'. a. [rugosus, Lat.] Full of wrinkles. Wiseman. RUGCVSITY*, rOO-gos'-e-te. n. s. State of being wrinkled. Smith. RU'IN $, rdd'-ln. 176, 339. n, s. [mine, Fr. ; mina^ Lat.] The fall or destruction of cities or edifices. Beaumont. The remains of building demolished. Addison. Destruction ; loss of happiness or for- tune ; overthrow. Shak. Mischief; bane. Bacon. To RUTN, rfr&'-In. v. a. [rawer, Fr.] To subvert! to demolish. Dryden. lo destroy; to deprive of felicity or fortune. Milton. To impoverish. Addi- son. To RUTN, r66'-m. v. n. To fall in ruins. Milton. To run to ruin; to dilapidate. Sandys. To be brought to poverty or misery. Locke. To RUTN ATE, i^O'-ln-ate. v. a. [from ruin.] To subvert ; to demolish. Shak. To bring to mean- nessor misery irrecoverable. Bacon. Ob. J. RUU^TION, rOO-In-a'-shfin. n. s. Subversion ; de^Hkion ; overthrow, Camden. RU'FNER, roo'-ln-ur. n. s. One that ruins. Cliap- man. RUINOUS, r66'-?n-us. 314. a. Fallen to ruin ; dilap- idated; demolished. Hayward. Mischievous; per- nicious ; baneful ; destructive. Milton. RUINOUSLY, i^O'-fn-us-le. ad. In a ruinous man ner. Bale. Mischievously; destructively. Decay of Christian Piety. RUTNOUSNESS*, r65''-m-fis-nes. n. s. A ruinous stale. RULE §, r66l. 339. n. s. [rule, old Fr. ; pe£ol, Sax.] Government; empire; sway; supreme command, Shak. An instrument by which lines are drawn Milton. Canon ; precept by which the thoughts or , Heb. ; cokkos, Gr. ; saccus, Lat.] A bag; a pouch; commonly a large bag. Shak. The measure of three bushels. A woman's loose robe. B. Jonson. To SACK, sak. v. a. To put in bags. Betterton. [sacar, Span.] To take by storm; to pillage, to plunder. Spenser. SACK, sak. n. s. Storm of a town ; pillage ; plun- der. Dryden. [sec, Fr.] A kind of sweet wine, now brought chiefly from the Canaries. Sliak. The sack of Shakspeare is believed to be what is now called Sherrv. Dr. Johnson. SaCKBUT, sak'-bfit.w. s. [sacquebutte, old Fr.] A kind of trumpet. Shakspeare. SACKCLOTH, sak'-kl&rti. n. s. Cloth of which sacks are made ; coarse cloth sometimes worn ia mortification. Sr>e?iser. SA'CKCLOTHED*, sakf-kl&dit. a. Wearing sack- cloth. Bp. Hall. SA'CKF.R, sak'-kur. 98. n. s. One that takes a town. Barret. SA'CKFUL, sak'-ffil. n. s. A full bag. Siciji. SA'CKAGE* sak'-kldje. n. s. Act of storming and plundering a place. Feltham. SACKING*, sak'-ing. n. s. Act of plundering a town. Barret, [raeccin^ 1 , Sax.] Coarse cloth, fast- ened to a bedstead, and supporting the bed; cloth of which sacks are made. SA'CKLESS*. sak'-l^s. a. [j-acleaj*, Sax.] Inno- cent ; sometimes weak, simple. SACKPO'SSET, sak-pos'-slt. n. s. A posset .made of milk, sack, and some other ingredients. Sicift. SA'CR A3IENT §, sak'-kra-ment. n.s. [sacrement, Fr.; sacrammtum, Lat.] An oath; any ceremony producing an obligation. B. Jonson. Ac outward" and visible sign ot an inward and spiritual grace. Hooker. The eucharist; the holy communion. Sluxkspeare. {tCr This word, with sacrifice, sacrilege, and sacristy, is SAC SAF 03= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;- sometimes pronounced with the a in the first syllable long, as in sacred ,• but this is contrary to one of the clearest analogies in the language, which is ; that the antepenultimate accent in simples, not followed by a diphthong, always shortens the vowel it falls upon.— See Principles, No. 503. Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Kenrick, Perry, and Entick, pronounce these words as I have marked them. TV. To SA'CRAMENT*, sak'-kra-ment. v.a. To bind by an oath. Abp. Laud. Ob. T. SACRAME'NTAL^ak-kra-ment'-al. a. Constituting a sacrament; pertaining to a sacrament. Hooker. SACRA ME'NTAL*, sak-kra-ment'-ai. n.s. That which relates to a sacrament. Bp. Morion. SACRAME'NTALLY, sak-kra-ment'-al-Je. ad. Af- ter the manner of a sacrament. Bp. Hall. SACRAMENTA'RIAN*, sak-kra-men-ta'-re-an. n.s. One who differs in opinion, as to the sacra- ments, from the Romish church 5 a name reproach- fully applied by Papists to Protestants. Tindal. SACRAME'NTARY*, sak-kra-meut'-a-re. n. s. [sacrainentarium, low Lat.] An ancient bock of prayers and directions respecting sacraments. Abp. Usher. A term of reproach given by Papists to Protestants. Staplcton. SACRAME'NTARY*, sak-kra-ment'-a-re. a. Of or belonging to Sacramentarians. Stapkton. SA'CRED §, sa'-kr^d. a. [sacre, Fr. 5 sacer, Lat.] Immediately relating to God. Milton. Devoted to religions uses ; holy. 2 Mace. vi. Dedicated ; con- secrate ; consecrated. Dryden. Relating to re- ligion ; theological. Milton. Entitled to reverence ; awfully venerable. Milton. Inviolable, as if ap- propriated to some superiour being. Slia/cspeare. SA'CREDLY, sa'-kred-le. ad. Inviolably ; religious- ly. South. SACREDNESS, sa'-kred-nes. n. s. The state of be- ing sacred ; state of being consecrated to religious uses; holiness; sanctity. South. SACR1 FICAL* sa-krlf-fe-kal. )a. [sacriJcus,Lat.-] SACRFFICK, sa-krlf -fik. 509. ) Employed in sac- r.Sce. Cockeram. SACRFF1CABLE, sa-krff -fe-ka-bl. a. Capable of being offered in sacrifice. Brown. SACRI'FICANT* sa-krif-fe-kant. n. s. [sacrificans , Lat.] One who offers a sacrifice. Holly well. SACRFFICATOR, sak-kre-fe-ka'-tur. n. s. Sacri- ficer ; offerer of sacrifice. Brcncn. SACRFFICATORY, sak-krlf-fe-ka-tfir-e. 512. a. [sacriticatoire. Fr.] Offering sacrifice. Sherwood. To SACRIFICE §, sak'-kre-flze. 351. v. a. [sacrifier, Fr. ; sacrifico, Lat.] To offer to Heaven ; to immo- late as an atonement or propitiation. Ex. xiii. To destroy or give up for the sake of something else. Locke. To destroy 3 to kill. To devote with loss. Prior. To SACRIFICE, sak'-kre-flze. 0. n. To make offerings ; to offer sacrifice. Ex. iii. SA'C4tIFICE.sak'-kre-flze.351, 142. n.s. [Fr.isacri- jkium, Lat.] The act of offering to Heaven. Milton. 'The thing offered to Heaven, or immolated by an act of religion. Milton. Any thing destroyed, or quitted, for the sake of something else : as, He made a sacrifice of his friendship to his interest. Toiler. Anv thing destroyed. SA'CRIFICER, sak'-kre-f 1-zfir. 98. n. s. One that offers sacrifice ; one that immolates. Shakspeare. SACRIFFCIAL,sak-kre-f?sh'-al. a. Performing sac- rifice ; included in sacrifice. Bp. Taylor. SACRILEGE ^sak'-kre-lfdje. [See Sacrament.] n.s. [Fr.; sacrilegium, Lat.] The crime of appro- priating what is devoted to religion ; the crime of robbing Heaven; the crime of violating or pro- faning things sacred. South. SACRILEGIOUS, sak-kre-le'-jfis. a. [sacrilegus, Lat.] Violating things sacred; polluted with the crime of sacrilege. K. Charles. SACRILE'GIOTjSLY^ak-kre-le'-jus-le. ad. With sacrilege. South. SACRILE'GIOUSNESS*, sak-kre-ie'-jus-nes. n. s. Sacrilege; a disposition to sacrilege. Scott. SA'CRILEGIST*, sak'-kre-le-jlst. n. s. One who commits sacrilege. Spebnan. SACRING, sa'-krlng. 410. part, [a participle of the French sacrer.] Consecrating. Temple. SA'CRIST, sa'-lcrlst. ; [See Sacrament.] SA'CRISTAN, sak'-rfs-tan. \ n. s. [sacristain, Fr.] He that has the care of the utensils or movables of the church. Avliffe. SA'CRISTY, sak'-kris-te. n.s. [sacristie, Fr.] An apartment where the consecrated vessels or mova- bles of a church are reposited. Dryden. SACROSANCT*, sak'-r6-sankt. a. [sacrosanctus, Lat.] Inviolable ; sacred. More. SAD §, sad. a. [etymology not known.] Sorrowful , flill of grief. Sidney. Habitually melancholy; heavy; gloomy; not gay; not cheerful. Raleigh. Gloomy ; showing sorrow or anxiety by outward appearance. St.AIatihew. Serious; Siot light; not volatile ; grave. Spejiser. Afflictive ; calamitous. Milton. Bad ; inconvenient ; vexatious. A word of burlesque complaint. Addison. Dark-coloured. Broun. Heavy; weighty; ponderous. Spenser. Heavy : applied to bread, as contrary to light. Grose. Cohesive ; not light ; firm; close. Mortinuir. To SA'DDEN, sad'-d'n. 103. v. a. To make sad ; to make sorrowful. To make melancholy ; to make gloomy. Pope. To make dark-coloured. To make heav3' ; to make cohesive. Ray. To SA'DDEN*, sad'-d'n. v. n. To become sad. Pope. SA'DDLE§, sad'-dl. 405. n. s. [rabel, rabl, Sax.] The seat which is put upon the horse for the ac- commodation of the rider. Shakspeare. To SA'DDLE, sad'-dl. v.a. frablian, Sax.] To cover with a saddle. 2 Sa7n. To load ; to burthen Dryden. SA'DDLEBACKED, sad'-dl-bakt. a. Horses, sad- dlebacked, have their back low, and a raised head and neck. Farrier's Diet. SA'DDLEBOW*, sad'-dl-bo. n.s. [ r abeI-bo^a ; Sax.] The bows of a saddle are two pieces of wood laid arch-wise, to receive the upper part of a horse's back. Shakspeare. SA DDLEMAKER, sad'-dl-ma-kfir. ) n. s. One SA'DDLER, sadM&r. J whose trade is to make saddles. Disby. SA / DDUCEE*,sad'-du-'ie.K.s. [Hebrew.] One of the most ancient sects among the Jews. They are said to have denied the resurrection of the dead, the being of angels, and all existence of the spirits or souls of men departed. Acts, xxviii. SA'DDUCISM*, sad'-du-skm. n. s. The tenets of the Sadducees. More. SA'DLY, sad'-le.ad. Sorrowfully; mournfully. Shak. Calamitously; miserably. South. Gravely; se- riously. Milton. In a dark colour. B. Jonson. SA'DNESS, sad'-n^s. n. s. Sorrowfulness ; mournfui ness; dejection of mind. Daniel. Melancholy look. Bp. Taylor. Seriousness; sedate gravity. Wicliffe. SAFE $, safe. a. [salf, old Fr. ; salvus, Lat.] Free from danger. Dryden. Free from hurt. L' Estrange, Conferring security. Phil. iii. No longer danger- ous ; reposited out of the power of doing harm. Milton. SAFE, safe. n. s. A buttery ; a pantry. A movable larder. To SAFE*, safe. v. a. To render safe ; to procure safety to. Shakspeare. Ob. T. SA'FJjjONDUCT, safe-kdn'-d&kt. n.s. [sauf con- duij^^L] Convoy; guard through an enemy's corflU P Pass ; warrant io pass. Clarendon. SATEGUARD, safe'-gard. n.s. Defence ; protec- tion; security. Hcoker. Convoy; guard through any interdicted road granted by the possessor. Pass; warrant to pass. Shak. An outer petticoat to save women's clothes on horseback. Mason. To SATEGUARD, safe'-gard. v.a. To guard; to protect. Sluxlcspieare. SATELY, safe'-le. ad. In a safe manner ; without danger. Locke. Without hurt. Shakspeare. SATENESS. safe'-n£s. n. s. Exemption from danger. South. SATETY, safe'-te. n.s. Freedom from danger. Shak. Exemption from hurt. Prior. Preserva- 798 SAI SAL — n6, m5ve ; n6r. r6t ; — tube, tub, bull ;— 611 5— pdund 3— thin, THis. security from Sir lion from hurt. ayo).] The practice of eating flesh. Brown. SARCO'TICK, sar-kot'-rfk. 509. n. s. [ado'i, Gr.; sarcoiiqne, Fr.] A medicine which fills up ulcers with new flesh : the same as incarnative. Wise- man. SARCULA'TION, sar-ku-la'-shun. n.s. [sarculus, Lat.] The act of weeding ; p.ucking ud weeds. Diet. SA'RDEL, sar'-del. } SA'RDINE Stone, sar'-dlne-stc-ne. 140. >■«. s. SA'RDIUS, sar'-de-us, or sar'-je-fls. 293, 294. > A sort of precious stone. Rev. iv. SARDONIAN*, sar-dc-'-ne-on. ) a. Forced or feign- SARDO'ISTCK*, sar-don'-ik. $ ed ; as applied to laughter, smiles, or grins. Spenser. SA'RDONYX, sar'-di-niks. n.s. A precious stone. Woodward. SARK, sark. n.s. []*ypic, ]*ypc, Sax.] A commoa word, in our northern counties, for a shirt or shift. Arbuthnot. SARN, sarn.'w. s. A British word for pavement, or stepping-stones. SA'RPLIER, sar'-pleer. n. s. [sarpilliere, Fr.] A piece of canvass for wrapping up wares ; a packing- cloth. Bailey. SA'RRASINE, sar'-ra-sln. n. s. A kind of birth- wort. Bailey. . SA'RSA, sar'-sa. ■ )n. s. Eoth a I SARSAPA RPLLA, sar-sa-pa-rfP-la. $ tree and an herb. Ainsicorth. SARSE §. sarse. n. s. [sassure, Fr.] A sort of fine ' lawn sieve. Barret. I To SARSE, sarse. v. a. [sasser, Fr.] To sift through J a sarse^or searse. Bailey. I SART, sart. n. s. [In agriculture.] A piece of wood land turned into arable. Bailey. SARTO'RIUS*, sar-t6'-re-us. n. s. [sartor, Lat.] The muscle which serves to throw one leg across the other, called the tailor's muscle. Paley. SASH §, sash. n. s. [from the wrapper or turban of the East, called the shash.~] A belt worn by way of distinction ; a silken band worn by officers in the army, and by the clergy over their cassocks ; a riband worn "round the waist by ladies. Stack- house. A window so formed as to be let up and down by pulleys, [chassis, Fr.] Swift. To SASH*, sash. v. a. To dress with a sash. Burke, To furnish with sash windows. SA'SHOON, saslP-OOn. ?i.s. A kind of leather stuff- ing put into a boot for the wearer's ease. Ains- ' worth. SA'SSAFRAS, sas'-sa-fras. n. s. A tree. SASSE*, sas. n. s. [sas, Dutch.] A kind of sluice, or lock, on navigable rivers. The word occurs in our old statutes. SAT, sat. The preterit of sit. SA'TAN*, saltan, or saP-tan. n.s. [Heb.] The devil. Rev. xii. 3£/= This word is frequently pronounced as if written Sattan; but making the first syllable long is so agreea- ble to analogy, that it ought to be indulged wherever custom will permit, and particularly in proper names. Cato, Plato, &.c, have now universally the penultimate a long and slender ; and no good reason can be given why the word in question should not join this class: if the short quantity of the a in the original be alleged, for an answer to this see Principles, No. 544, and the word Satire. Mr. Nares and Buchanan, only, adopt the second sound ; but Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, En- I tick, and, if we mav judge by the position of the accent, Dr. Ash and Bailey, the first.— See The Key to the Clas- sical Pronunciation of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names, under the word. W. SATA'NICAL* sa-tan'-ne-kal. )a. Belonging to SATA'NICK*, sa-uV-nik. 509. \ the devil; pro ceediog from the devil $ evil 3 false; malicious Milton. SATA NIC ALLY*, sa-tan'-ne-kal-le. ad. With mal ice or wickedness suiting the devil ; diabolically Hammond. SA'TANISM*, sa'-tan-izm. n. s. A diabolical dispo- sition. Eleg. on Donne's Death. SA'TANIST*, sa'-tan-ist. n. s. A wickeo person. Granger. SA'TCHEL, satsh'-U. n. s. [seckel. Germ.; sacculus, Lat.] A little bag : commonly a bag used by schooK bovs. Shakspeare. To SATE $, sate. v. a. [satio, Lat.] To satiate j to SAT SAT tT? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— glut ; to pall ; to feed beyond natural desires. Mil- ton. SATELESS*, sate'-les. a. Insatiable. Youn*. SATELLITE'S, sat'-tft-llte. [sat'-tgl-llle, Sheridan, Jones, Perry, Fulton and Knight ; sa-tel'-lit, Ken- Tick.] n. s. [safeties, Lat. ; satellite, Fr.] A small planet revolving round a larger. Locke. §Cr Pope has, by the license of his art, accented the plu- ral of this word upon the second syllable, and, like the Latin plural, has given it four syllables : " Or ask of yonder argent fields above, " Why Jove's satellites are less than Jove." Essay on Man. This, however, is only pardonable in poetry, and, it may be added, in good poetry. — See Antipodes and Milli- pedes. W. SATELLITIOUS, sat-tel-l?sh'-us. a. Consisting of satellites. Cheyne. To SATIATE $, sa'-she-ate. v. a. [satio, Lat.] To satisfy; to fill. Bacon. To glut; to pall; to fill be- yond natural desire. Locke. To gratify desire. K. Charles. To saturate ; to impregnate with as much as can be contained or imbibed. Neivton. SATIATE, sa'-she-ate. a. Glutted ; full of satiety. Pope. SATIATION* sa-she-a'-shun. n. s. The state of being filled. Whituker. SATIETY, sa-tl'-e-te. 460. n. s. [satietas, Lat.; sati- ete, Fr.] Fulness beyond desire or pleasure ; more than enough ; wearisomeness of plent}' ; state of being palled or glutted. Sliakspeare. §£j* The sound of the second syllable of this word has been grossly mistaken by the generality of speakers ; nor is it much to be wondered at. Ti, with the accent on it, succeeded by a vowel, is a very uncommon pre- dicament for an English syllable to be under ; and therefore it is not surprising, that it has been almost universally confounded with an apparently similar, but really different, assemblage of accent, vowels, and con- sonants. So accustomed is the ear to the aspirated sound of t, when followed by two vowels, that, when- ever these appear, we are apt to annex the very same sound to that letter, without attending to an essential circumstance in this word, which distinguishes it from every other in the language. There is no English word of exactly the same form with satiety , and therefore it cannot, like most other words, be tried by its peers ; but analogy, that grand resource of reason, will as clearly determine, in this case, as if the most positive evidence were produced. In the first place, then, the sound commonly given to the second syllable of this word, v/hich is that of the first of si-lence, as if written sa-si-e-ty, is never found annex- ed to the same letters throughout the whole language. T, when succeeded by two vowels, in every instance but the word in question, sounds exactly like sk ; thus sa- tiate, expatiate. &c, are pronounced as if written sa- she-ate, ex-pa-she-ate, &c, and not sa-se-ate, ex-pa-se- ate, Sec. ; and, therefore, if the t must be aspirated in this word, it ought at least to assume that aspiration which is found among similar assemblages of letters, and, instead of sa-si-e-ty, it ought to be sounded sa-shi- e-ty : in this mode of pronunciation a greater parity might be pleaded ; nor should we introduce a new aspi- ration to reproach our language with needless irregu- larity. But, if we once cast an eye on those conditions on which we give an aspirated sound to the dentals. 2G, we shall find both these methods of pronouncing this word equally remote from analogy. In almost every termination where the consonants t, d, c, and s, precede the vowels ea, ia, ie, io, &c, as in martial, soldier, sus- picion, confusion, anxious, prescience. &c, the accent is on the syllable immediately before these consonants, and they all assume the aspiration ; but in JEgyptia- cum, elephantiasis, hendiadis, society, anxiety, science, &c, the accent is immediately after these consonants, and the t, d, c, and z, are pronounced as free from aspi- ration as the same letters in tiar, diet, cion, fxion, &c. : the position of the accent makes the whole difference. But, if analogy in our own language were silent, the uniform pronunciation of words from the learned lan- guages, where these letters occur, would be sufficient to decide the dispute. Thus in elephantiasis, Miltia- des, satietas, &c, the antepenultimate syllable ti is al- ways pronounced like the English noun tic ; nor should we dream of giving ti the aspirated sound in these words, though there would be exactly the same reason for it as in satiety ; for, except in very few instances, as we pronounce Latin in the analogy of our own lan- guage, no reason can be given why we should pro- nounce the antepenultimate syllable in satietas one way, and that in satiety another. I should have thought my time thrown away in so minute an investigation of the pronunciation of this word, if 1 had not found the best judges disagree about it. That Mr. Sheridan supposed it ought to be pronounced sa-si- e-ty is evident from his giving this word as an instance of the various sounds of t, and telling us that here it sounds s. Mr. Garrick, whom I consulted on this w ord, told me, if there were any rules for pronunciation, I was certainly right in mine ; but that he and his litera- ry acquaintance pronounced in the other manner. Dr. Johnson likewise thought I was right, but that the greater number of speakers were against me; and Dr. Lowth told me he was clearly of my opinion, but that he could get nobody to follow him. I was much flat- tered to find my sentiments confirmed by so great a judge, and much more flattered when I found my rea- sons were entirely new to him. But, notwithstanding the tide of opinion was some years ago so much against me, I have since had the pleasure of finding some of the most judicious philologists on my side. Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, mark the word as I have done, [also Jones, Fulton and Knight,] ; and Mr. Nares is of opinion it ought to be so pronounced, though, for a reason very different from those I have produced, namely, in order to keep it as distinct as may be from the word society ; while Mr. Fry frankly owns it is very difficult to determine the proper pronunciation of this word. Thus I have ventured to decide where " doctors disagree," and have been induced to spend so much time on the correction of this word, as the improper pronunciation of it does not, as in most other cases, proceed from an evident caprice of custom, as in busy and bury, or from a desire of drawing nearer to the original language, but from an absolute mistake of the principles on which we pronounce our own. W SATIN, sat'-tln. n. s. [Fr. ; sattin, Dutch.] A soft, close, and shining silk. Sidney . SATINET*, sat'-e-net. n. s. A sort of slight satin. SATIRE §, sa/-tur, sat'-ur, sa'-tlre, or sat'-lre. [si/- tur, Perry, Jones, Fulton and Knight.] n. s. [satyra, Lat.] A poem in which wickedness or folly is cen- sured. Proper satire is distinguished, by the gen- erality of the reflections, from a lampoon, which is aimed against a particular person; but they are too frequently confounded. Bp. Hall. $5" The first mode of pronouncing this word is adopted by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Ash, and Mr. Smith. The short quantity of the first vc wel is adopted by Mr. Nares, Mr. Elphinston, Buchar,*n, and Entick ; but the quantity of the second syllable they have not marked. — The third is adopted by Dr. Kenrick ; and for the fourth we have no authorities. But, though the first mode of pronouncing this word is the most general, and the most agreeable to an English ear, the second seems to be that which is most favoured by the learned, because, say they, the first syllable in the Latin satyra is short. But, if this reasoning were to hold good, we ought to pronounce the first syllable of silence, local, label, libel, locust, paper, and many others, short, because silcntium, localis, labellum, libel- lus, locusta, papyrus, &c, have all the first syllable short in Latin. But, to furnish the learned with'an ar- gument which perhaps may not immediately occur to them, it may be said, that, in the instances I have ad- duced, none of the Latin words have the initial syllable accented as well as short, which is the case with the word satyra : but it may be answered, if we were to follow the quantity of the Latin accented vowel, we must ptonounce/ffiti'd, mimick, frigid, squalid, comick, resin, credit, spirit, and lily, with the first vowel long, because it is the case in the Latin words fmtidus, mi- micus, frigidus, squalidus, comicus. resina, creditus, spiritus, and lilium. The only shadow of an argument, therefore, that remains is, that, though we do not adopt the Latin quantity of the accented antepenultimate vowel when it is long, we do when it is short. For, though we have many instances where an English word of two syllables has the first short, though derived from a Latin word where the two first svllables are long; as, civil ' r legate, solemn, &c, from civilis, legatus, solemnis, &c. ; yet we have no instance in the language where a word of three syl- lables in Latin, with the two first vowels short, becomes an English dissyllable with the first syllable long, ex- cept the vowel be u.— See Principles. No. 507. C08. 509 P 804 SAT K \u — 116 , move n§r not;- -tiibc tfib bfill J- — oil 5 — pound ; — thin, THis. Hence the shortness of the first syllables of platane, zephyr, atom, &c, from plat anus, zephyr us, atotnus, &c, which are short, not only from the custom of car- rying the short sound we give to the Latin antepenulti- mate vowel into the penultimate of the English word derived from it, but from the affectation of shortening the initial vowel, which this custom has introduced, in order to give our pronunciation a Latin air, and furnish us with an opportunity of showing our learning by ap- pealing to Latin quantity; which, when applied to English, is so vague and uncertain as to put us out of all fear of detection if we happen to be wrong. The absurd custom, therefore, of shortening our vowels, ought to be discountenanced as much as possible, since it is supported by such weak and desultory arguments ; and our own analogy, in this as well as in similar words, ought to be preferred to such a shadow of analogy to the quantity of the Latin language as I have charitably afforded to those who are ignorant of it. — See Princi- ples, No. 544. Though poets often bend the rhyme to their verse, when they cannot bring their verse to the rhyme ; yet, where custom is equivocal, they certainly are of some weight. In this view we may look upon Pope's couplet in his Essay on Criticism: " Leave dang'rous truths to unsuccessful satires, "And flattery to fulsome dedicators." With respect to the quantity of the last syllable, though custom seems to have decided it in this word, it is not so certain in other words of a similar form. These we purpose to consider under the word Umpire, which see. W. SATFRICAL, sa-tfr'-re-kal. ) a. [satiricus, Lat.] Be- SATFRICK, sa-tir'-rlk. \ longing to satire ; employed in writing of invective. Roscommon. Censorious; severe in language. Sliakspeare. SATI'RICALLY, sa-tlr'-re-kal-e. ad. With invec- tive ; with intention to censure or vilify. Dryden. SATIRIST, sat'-tur-lst. [See Patroness.] n. s. One who writes satires. Bp. Hall. To SATIRIZE, sat'-tur-Ize. v. a. [satirizer, Fr.] To censure as in a satire. Dryden. SATISFACTION $, sat-fls-fak'-shun. n.s. [satisf ac- tio, Lat.] The act of pleasing to the full, or state of being pleased. South. The act of pleasing. Locke. The state of being pleased. Locke. Re- lease from suspense, uncertaint}', or uneasiness ; conviction. Shak. Gratification; that which pleases. Dryden. Amends ; atonement for a crime ; recom- pense for an injury. Milton. SATISFACTIVE, sat-ds-fak'-tlv. a. [satisfactus, Lat.] Giving satisfaction. Brown. SATISFACTORILY, sat-tfs-fak'-tfir-e-le. ad. So *as to content. Broion. SATISFACTORINESS, sat-tls-fak'-tur-re-nes. n. s. Power of satisfying; power of giving content. Boyle. SATISFACTORY, sat-tls-fak'-tur-e. [See Domes- tick.] a. Giving satisfaction ; giving content. Locke. Atoninar; making amends. Sanderson.' SATISPlER*, sat'-tls-fi-ur. n. s. One who makes satisfaction. Sheridan. To SATISFY §, sat'-tis-f!. v. a. [satis/ado, Lat.] To content; to please «o such a degree as that nothing more is desired. Proverbs. To feed to the full. Job. To recompense ; to pay to content. Sliak. To appease by punishment. Milton. To free from doubt, perplexity, or suspense. Locke. To convince. Locke. To SATISFY, sat'-tfs-fl. v. n. To give content. To feed to the full. To make payment. Locke. SA'TIVE*, sa'-tlv. a. [sativus, Lat.] Sown in gar- dens. Evelyn. SA' TRAP*, sa' '-trap. n.s. [Persian.] A governour of a district ; a kind of viceroy ; a nobleman in power. Shenstone. SATRAPY*, sat'-ra-pe. n. s. The government as- signed to a satrap. Milton. SATURABLE, sat'-tshu-ra-bl. a. Impregnable with any thing till it will receive no more. Grew. SATURANT, sat'-tshu-rant. a. [saturans, Lat.] Im- pregnating to the full. To SAT URATE, sat'-tshu-rate. v. a. [saturo, Lat.] To impregnate till no more can be received or im- bibed. Woodward. 53 SATURATION*, sat-tshii-ra'-shun. n. s. [In r*>ym isUy.] The impregnation of an acid with an alkali, and vice versa, til) either will receive no more, and the mixture becomes neutral. Cliambers. SATURDAY, sat'-tfir-de. 223. n. s. [Y&tejiyb&fi, Sax., according to Verstegan, from yeebeji, a Sax- on idol ; more properly from Saturn, dies Salurni.] The last day of the week. Addison. SATU'RITY, sa-tu'-re-te. n. s. [saturUi, old Fr.] Fulness; the state of being saturated; repletion Warner. SATURN $, sa/-tfirn, or sat'-turn. n. s. [Saturnus. Lat.] A remote planet of the solar system : suppos- ed by astrologers to impress melancholy, dulness or severity of temper. Bentley. [In chymistry.] Lead. {£r This was supposed to be the remotest planet when Dr. Johnson wrote his dictionary; but Mr. Hersche] ha9 since discovered a planet still more remote, whicV will undoubtedly be called hereafter by his own name. The first pronunciation of this word is not the most general, but by far the most analogical; and for the same reason as in Satan .• but there is an additional reason in this word, which will weigh greatly with the learned, and that is, the a is long in the original. Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Kenrick, Perry, and Entick, adopt the second pro nunciation of this word; and Mr. Sheridan, Scott, Bu chanan, W. Johnston, and, if we may guess by the po- sition of the accent, Dr. Ash and Bailey, the first. W. SATURNA'LIAN*, sat-tur-na'-le-an. a. [Saturnalia, Lat.] Sportive; loose, like the feasts of Saturn. Burke. SATU'RNIAN, sa-uV-ne-an. a. [saturnius, Lat.] Happy ; golden ; used by poets for times of felicity, such as are feigned to have been in the reign of Saturn. Pope. SATURNINE, sat'-tur-nlne. 148. a. [satuminus, Lat.] Not light ; not volatile ; gloomy ; grave ; mel- ancholy ; severe of temper : supposed to be bora under the dominion of Saturn. Addison-. SATURN 1ST*, sat'-lfir-nfet. n. s. One of gloomy or melancholy disposition. Browne. SATYR $, sa'-tur, or sat'-fir. n.s. [satynis, Lat.] A sylvan god : supposed among the ancients to be rude and lecherous. Peacham. $5= This word and satire, a poem, are pronounced ex- actly alike, and for similar reasons. W. SATYRIASIS, sat-e-rF-a-s'ls. n. s. An abundance of seminal lymphas. Flayer. SATY'RION*, sa-uV-e-un. n. s. A plant. Pope. SAUCE §, sawse. 218. n. s. [sauce, sa7dse, Fr. ; salsa, Ital ; salsus, of salio, Lat.J Something eaten with food to improve its taste. Sidney. — To serve one tlie same sauce. A vulgar phrase : to retaliate one injury with another. To SAUCE, sawse. v. n. To accompany meat with something of higher relish. To gratify with rich tastes. Shak. To intermix or accompany with any thing good, or, ironically, with any thing bad Sidney. SAUCEBOX, sawse'-boks. n.s. [from saucy.] Ap impertinent or petulant fellow. Brewer. SAUCEPAN, sawse 7 -pan. n.s. A small skillet with a long handle, in which sauce or small things are boiled. Swift. SAUCER, saw'-sur. 98, 218. n. s. [sauciere, Fr.] A small pan or platter in wl ;ch sauce is set on the table. Bacon. A piece or platter of china, into which a tea-cup is set. SAUCILY, saw'-se-le. ad. Impudently ; impertinent- ly; petulantly; in a saucy manner. "Shakspeare. SAUCINESS, saw'-se-nes. n.s. Impudence ; petu- lance ; impertinence ; contempt o f superiours. Sid- ney. SAU'CISSE. n.s. [Fr.] [In gunnery.] A long train of powder sewed up in a roll of pitched cloth, about two inches diameter, in order to fire a bombchest. Bailey. SA U'CISSON. n. s. [Fr.] [In military architec- ture.] Fagots or fascines made of large boughs of trees bound together. Bailev. SAUCY $, saw'-se. 218. a. [salsus ; Lat.] Pert 3 pete- 805 SAV SAX OCT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;— lant; contemptuous of superiours; insolent; impu- dent ; impertinent. Slmkspeare. Jjc^T The regular sound of this diphthong must he care- fully preserved, as the Italian sound of a given to it in this word, and in sauce, saucer, daughter, &c, is only heard among the vulgar. W. SAUL*, sawl. n. s. []*aul, Sax.] The soul : so pro- nounced in some parts of the north of England, and so anciently written. [See Soul. To SAU'NTER§, san'-tur, or sawn'-tur. v. n. [from idle people who roved about the country, and ask- ed charity under pretence of going a la sainte terre.~\ To wander about idly. L' 'Estrange. To loiter ; to linger. Locke. QCf The first mode of pronouncing this word is the most agreeable to analogy, if not in the most general use ; but, where use has formed so clear a rule as in words of this form, it is wrong not to follow it- — See Principles, No. 214. Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Ken rick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Scott, are for the first pronunciation ; and Mr. Sheridan and W. Johnston for the last. Mr. Perry gives both ; but, by placing them as I have done, seems to give the preference to the first. W. SAU'NTER*, san'-tur, or sawn'-tur. ) n. s. Ram- SAU'NTERER*, san'-tur-ur. $ bier } idler. Young. SAU'NCING-BELIA SeeSAWCEEELL. SA'USAGE, saw'-sidje, or s&s'-sfdje. n. s. [saucisse, Fr.] A roll or ball made commonly of pork or veal, and sometimes of beef, minced very small, with salt and spice ; sometimes it is stuffed into skins ; and sometimes only rolled in flour. Barret. Cf This word is pronounced in the first manner by cor- rect, and in the second by vulgar speakers. Among this number, however, I do not reckon Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Smith, and Mr. Scott, who adopt it ; but, in my opinion, Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry, who prefer the first, are not only more agreeable to rule, but to the best usage. In this opinion I am confirmed by Mr. Nares, who says it is commonly pronounced in the second man- ner. — See Principles, No. 218. W. SA'VABLE*, sa'-va-bl. a. Capable of being saved. Chillingworih. SA'VABLENESS* sa'-va-bl-nes. n.s. Capability of being saved. Chillingworth. SA'VAGE §, sav'-vidje. 90. a. [sauvage, Fr. ; selvag- gio, Ital.J Wild; uncultivated. Milton. Untamed; cruel. Shak. Uncivilized; barbarous; untaught; wild ; brutal. Raleigh. SA'VAGE, sav'-v'ldje. n. s. A man untaught and uncivilized; a barbarian. .Raleigh. To SA'VAGE, sav'-vidje; v. a. To make barbarous, wild, or cruel. More. SAVAGELY, sav'-vfdje-le. ad. Barbarously; cruelly. SA'VAGENESS, sav'-vklje-nes. n. s. Barbarous- ness ; cruelty ; wilclness. Shakspeare. SA'VAGERY, sav'-v?dje-re. n. s. Cruelty; barbar- ity. Shakspeare. Wild growth. Shakspeare. SAVA'NNA, sa-van'-na. 92. n.s. [Span.] An open meadow without wood; pasture-ground in Ameri- ca. Locke. To SAVE§, save. v. a. [sauver, saulver, Fr. ; salvo, Lat.] To preserve from danger or destruction. Isaiah, xlvi. To preserve finally from eternal death. Heb. x. Not to spend or lose; to hinder from being spent or lost. Temple. To reserve or lay by. Job, xx. To spare; to excuse. Dryden. To salve ; to reconcile. Milton. To take or em- brace opportunely, so as not to lose. Swift. To SAVE, save. v.n. To be cheap. Bacon. SAVE, save. prep. Except; not including. Spenser. It is now little used. SA'VEALL, save'-alk 40C. n. s. [save and all.-} A small pan inserted into a candlestick to save the ends of candles. Howell. SA'VER, sa'-vur. 98. n.s. Preserver ; rescuer. Sid- ney. One who escapes loss, though without gain. Dryden. A good husband. One who lays up and grows rich. Wotion. SA'VIN, sav'-ln. n. s. [sabina, Lat. ; sarin, sabin, Fr.] A plant : a species of juniper. SA'VING, sa'-vkg. 410. a. Frugal; parsimonious; not lavish. Arbuthnol. Not turning to loss, though not gainful. Addison. SA'VING, sa'-ving. prep. With exception in favour of. Spenser. SA'VING, sa'-vlng. n.s. Escape of expense ; some- what preserved from being spent. Bacon. Excer> tion in favour. L' Estrange. SA'VINGLY, sa'-vfng-le. ad. So as to be saved. South. With parsimony. SA'VIN GNESS, sa'-ving-nes. n. s. Parsimony ; fru- gality. Tendency to promote eternal salvation. Brevint. SA'VIOUR, save'-yur. 113. n. s. [sauveur, Fr.] Re- deemer : He that has graciously saved mankind from eternal death. St. Luke. SA'VOROUS*,sa'-vur-us.a. [savoureux, Fr.] Sweet; pleasant. Chaucer. Ob. T. SA'VORY, s'a'-vfir-e. n.s. [savoree, Fr.] A plant Mller. SA'VOUR§, sa'-vur. n.s. \saveur, Fr.] A scent; odour. Tusser. Taste; power of affecting the palate. Milton. To SA'VOUR, sa'-vur. v. n. {savourer, Fr.] To have any particular smell or taste. To betoken ; to have an appearance or intellectual taste of something. Spenser. To SA'VOUR., sa'-vur. v. a. To like ; to taste or smell with delight. Shak. To perceive ; to con- sider ; to taste intellectually. St. Matt. xvi. SA'VOURILY, sa'-vur-e-le. ad. With gust; with appetite. Dryden. With a pleasing relish. Dry- den. SA VOURINESS, sa'-vur-e-nes. n. s. Taste pleasing and piquant. Pleading smell. SA'VOURLESS*, sa'-vur-les. a. Wanting savour, Bp. Hall. SA'VOURLY*, sa'-vur- ie. a. Well seasoned ; of good taste. Huloet. S A' VOURL Y* sa'-vur-le. ad. With a pleasing relish . Barroiv. SA'VOURY, sa'-vur-e. a. \savoreux, Fr.] Pleasing to the smell. Milton. Piquant to the taste. Gen. SAVOY, sii-voe'. n.s. A sort of colewort. SAW, saw. 219. The preterit of see. SAW§, saw. n.s. [sawe, Dan.; yaga, Sax.] A den- tated instrument, by the attrition of which wood or metal is cut. Moxon. [-pa£e, yaga, Sax.; saeghe, Teut.] A saying ; a maxim ; a sentence ; an axiom ; a proverb. Shakspeare. A decree. Spenser. To SAW, saw. v. a. part, sawed and sawn. To cut timber or other matter with a saw. Hebrews. SA'WDUST, saw'-dust. n. s. Dust made by the at trilion of the saw. Wiseman. SA'WFISH, saw'-fish. n. &. A sort of fish with a kind of dentated horn. SA'WPIT, saw'-ptt. n. s. Pit over which timber is laid to be sawn bv two men. Shakspeare. SAW-WORT, saw'-wurt. n.s. A plant like the greater centaur}', from which this differs in having smaller heads. Miller. SAW-WREST, saw'-rest. n. s. A sort of tool with which they set the teeth of the saw. Moxon. SA'WER, saw'-flr. ) n. s. One whose trade SA'WYER, saw'-yur. 113. \ is to saw timber into boards or beams. Moxon. SA'XIFRAGE, sak'-se-fradje. n. s. [saxifraga, Lat.] A plant. Quincy. SA'XIFRAGE Meadow, n. s. A plant. SA'XIFRAGOUS, sak-sif'-ra-gus. a. [saxum and frago, Lat.] Dissolvent of the stone. Brown. SA'XON§*, saks'-un. n. s. [Saxo, Lat. ; Seax, Sax.] One of the people who inhabited the northern part of German)^ obtained footing in Britain about the year 440, and afterwards subdued great part of the island. Versfegan. SA'XON*, saks'-un. a. Belonging to the Saxons, to their country, or to their language. Camden. SA'XONISM*, saks'-iui-km. n. s. An idiom of the Saxon language. Warton. SA'XONIST*, saks'-fin-?st. n. s. One who is well acquainted with the Saxon language or manner* Note in Bp. Nicolson's Ep. Corr. 806 SCA SCA — r.6, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6?1 ; — pSund ; — thiik, THis. To SAY §, sa. 220. v. a. pret. said, [pa^an, Sax.; saega. Su. Goth.] To speak; to utter in words; to tell. Spenser. To allege by way of argument. Atterbury. To tell in any manner. Spenser. To repeat ; to rehearse : as, to say a part ; to say a lesson. Fair/ax. To pronounce without singing. Common Prayer, [for assay.] To try on. B. Jonson. To SAY, sa. v.n. To speak ; to pronovncej to ut- ter; to relate. 1 Kings. In poetry, say is often used before a question ; tell. Milton. SAY, sa. n. s. A speech ; what one ha? (o say. V 'Es- trange, [for assay.] Sample. Sidney. Trial by a sample, [soie, Fr.j A thin sort of silk. Spenser. \sayette, Fr.] A kind of woollen stuff. Bp. Berke- ary. fcA'YING, sa'-fng. 410. n. s. [r«Sen, Sax.] Expres- sion; words; opinion sententiously delivered. Acts. SAYSf, sez. Third person of To say. £5= This seems to be an incorrigible deviation. 90. W. SCAB §, skab. n. s. [r-caeb, Sax. ; scabbia, Ital. ; scabies, Lai.] An incrustation formed over a sore by dried matter. Shak. The itch or mange of horses. A paltry fellow, so named from the itch often incident to negligent poverty. Shakspeare. SCA'BBARD, skab'-burd. 418. n. s. [schap, Germ. ; schabbe, Belg.] The sheath of a sword. Fairfax. SCA'BBED, sHb'-bfid, or skabd. 366. a. Covered or diseased with scabs. Bacon. Paltry ; sorry ; vile; worthless. Dry den. &5= This word, like learned, blessed, and some others, when used as an adjective, is always pronounced in two syllables, and when a participle, "in one. — See Princi- ples, No. 362. TV. SCA'BBEDNESS, skab'-be'd-ne's. n. s. The state of being scabbed. Huloet. SCA/BBINESS, skab'-be-nes. n. s. The quality of being scabby. Sherwood. SCA'BBY, skab'-be. a. Diseased with scabs. Sidney. SCA'BIOUS, ska'-be-fis. a. [scabiosus, Lat.] Itchy ; leprous. Arbuthnot. SCA'BIOUS, ska'-be-us. n. s. [scabieuse, Fr. ; sca- biosa, Lat.] A plant. Evelyn. SCABRE'DLTY*, ska-bred'-e-te. n. s. [scabredo, LatJ Unevenness ; ruggedness. Burton. Ob. T. SCA'BRQUS §, ska'-oru's. 314. a. [scabreux, Fr. ; scaber, Lat.] Rough ; rugged; pointed on the sur- face. Arbuthnot. Harsh ; unmusical. B. Jonson. SCABROUSNESS, ska'-brfis-nes. n. s. Roughness; ruggedness. SCABWORT, skab'-wfirt. n.s. A plant. Ainsworth. SCAD, skad. n.s. A kind offish. Carew. SCA'FFOLD §, skaf -fold. 166. n. s. [eschafaut, Fr. ; schavot, Teut.] A temporary gallery or stage rais- ed either for shows or spectators. Shak. The gallery raised for execution of great malefactors. Sidney. Frames of timber erected on the side of a building for the workmen. Den-ham. To SCAFFOLD, skaf -fuld. v. a. To furnish with frames of timber. SCA'FFOLDAGE, skaF-ffil-dfdje. 90. n.s. Gallery; hollow floor. Shakspeare. SCA'FFOLDING, skaP-ful-drng. 410. n. s. Tempo- rary frames or stages. Congreve. Building slightly erected. Prior. SCA'LABLE*, ska'-la-bl. a. That may be scaled with a ladder. Bullokar. SCALA'DE, ska-lade'. HSee Lumbago.] n. s. SCALA'DO, ska-la'-do. \ [Fr.; scalada, Span., from scala, Lat.] A storm given to a place by raising ladders against the walls. Bacon. SCA'LARl , skal'-a-re. a. [scala, Lat.] Proceeding bv steps like those of a ladder. Brown. To SCALD §, skald. 84. v a. [scaldare, Ital.] To burn with hot liquor. Shak A provincial phrase in husbandry for the sour land they fallow when the sun is pretty high. Mortimer. SCALD, skald, n. s. Scurf on the head. Spenser. A burn ; a hurt caused by hot liquor. SCALD, skald, a. [from scall.] Paltry ; sorry j scur- vy. Sluxkspeare. SCALD*, or SCA'LDER*. n. s. [Dan. and Su.] One of the poets of the northern nations. Bp. Percy. SCA'LDHEAD, skald-hgd. n. s. [skalladur, Icel.] A loathsome disease ; a kind of local leprosy in which the head is covered with a continuous scab Floyer. SCA'LDICK*. a. Relating to the poets called scalds Warton. SCALE $, skale. n. s. [jcale, from j-cylaii, Sax.] A balance; a vessel suspended by a beam against another vessel. Shak. The sign Libra in the zo- diack. Creech, [skulja, Goth.] The small shells or crusts which, lying one over another, make the coals of fishes. -Drayton. Anything exfoliated or des- Juamated ; a thin lamina. Peacham. [scala, Lat.| ,adder; means of ascent. Milton. The act ot storming by ladders. Milton. Regular gradation a regular series rising like a ladder. Slilton. A figure subdivided by lines like the steps of a lad der, which is used to measure proportions be twecn pictures and the thing represented. Graunt. The series of harmonick or musical proportions. Temple. Any thing marked at equal distances. Slutkspeare. To SCALE, skale. v. a. [scalare, Ital.] To climb as by ladders. Spenser, [from scale, a bakmce.'] To measure or compare; to weigh. Shak. [from scale of a fish.] To strip of scales : to take off in a thin lamina. Tob. iii. To pare off a surface. Bacon. To spread, as manure, gravel, or other loose ma- terials ; a northern expression : also, figuratively, to disperse or waste : as, to scale goods, money, or any property. To SCALE, skale. v. n. To peel off in thin particles. Bacon. To separate. Holinshed. SCA'LED, skald. 359. a. Squamous; having scales like fishes. Shakspeare. SOA'LELESS*, skale'-les. a. Wanting scales. Cot- grave. SCALE 1 NE, ska-lene'. n. s. [Fr. ; scaknum, Lat.] [In geometry.] A triangle that has three sides un- equal to each other. Bailey. SCA'LINESS, ska'-le-nes. n. s. The state of being scaly. SCALL, skawl. 84. n.s. [fcylan, Sax.] Leprosy; morbid baldness. Lev. xiii. SCA'LLED*, skawl'-lgd, or skawld. a. Scurfy; scabby. Chaucer. SCA'LLION, skal'-yfin. 113. n. s. [scalogna, Ital.] A kind of onion. Dyet. SCA'LLOP§, skol'-lup. 166. n.s. [escallop, Fr.] A fish with a hollow, pectinated shell. Hudibras. ftCp This word is irregular ; for it ought to have the a in the first syllable like that in tallow ; but the deep sound of a is too firmly fixed by custom to afford any expectation of a change. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Smith, pronounce the a in the manner I have given it, and Mr. Perry, only, as in tallow. W. To SCA'LLOP, skol'-lfip. v. a. To mark on the edge with segments of circles. Gray. SCALP §', skalp. n.s. [schelpe, Teut. ; scalpo, Ital.] The skull ; the cranium ; the bone that encloses the brain. Spenser. The integuments of the* head. SJiakspeare. To SCALP, skalp. v. a. To deprive the skull of its integuments. Shai-p. SCA'LPEL, skal'-pel n. s. [Fr. ; scalpellum, Lat.] An instrument used to scrape a bone by chirur- geons. SCA'LY, ska'-le. a. Covered with scaler. Milton. To SCA'MBLE§, skam'-bl. 405. v. n. [skyma, Icel.] To be turbulent and rapacious; to scramble; to get by struggling with others. Tusser. To shift awkwardly. More. To SCA'MBLE, skam'-bl. v. a. To mangle ; to maul. Mortimer. SCA'MBLER, skam'-bl-ur. n. s. [Scottish.] A bold intruder upon one's generosity or table. Steevens. SCA'MBLINGLY, skam'-blmg-le. ad. With turbu lence and noise; with intrusive audaciousness Sherwood. 807 SCA SCA IT 559.- -Fate far, fall, fat 5 —me, met ;- —pine pm ;— SCAMMONIATE, skam-mi'-nfe-ate. 91. a. Made with seammony. Wiseman. SCA'MMONY i>, skam'-m6-ne. n. s. [Lat.; scam- mo/iee, Fr.] A concreted, resinous juice, light, ten- der, friable, of a grayish-brown colour, and disa- greeable odour. It fiows upon incisions of the root of a kind of convolvulus, that grows in many parts of Asia. Trevoux. To SCA'MPER, skam'-pfir. 98. n. n. [schampen, Teut. ; escamper, Fr. ; scampare, Ital.] To fly with speed and trepidation. Addison. To SCAN, skan. v. a. [scandre, Fr. ; scando, Lat.] To examine a verse by counting the feet. Milton. To examine nicely. Milton. SCANDAL §, skan'-dal. 88. n. s. [a«iv^a\ov , Gr. ; scandale, Fr.] Offence given by the faults of others. Milton. Reproachful aspersion ; opprobrious cen- sure; infamv. Shakspeare. To SCA'NDAL, skan'-dal. v. a. [scandaler, Fr.] To treat opprobriously ; to charge falsely with faults. Shale. To scandalize ; to offend. Bp. Story. To SCANDALIZE, skan'-da-llze. v.a. [cKuvSar^o, Gr. ; scandaliser, Fr.] To offend by some action supposed criminal. Hooker. To reproach ; to dis- grace ; to defame. Daniel. SCANDALOUS, skan'-da-lus. 314. a. [scandaleux, Fr.] Giving publick offence. Hooker. Opprobri- ous ; disgraceful. Shameful ; openly vile. Pope. SCANDALOUSLY, skan'-da-l&s-le. ad. Shameful- ly ; ill to a degree that gives publick offence. Swift. Censoriously ; opprobriously. Pope. SCANDALOUSNESS, skan'-da-lfis-nes. n. s. The quality of giving publick offence. SCA'NDA I UM MA ON A' T UM*, skan'-da-lum- mag-na'-tiim. n. s. [Lat.] Scandal or wrong done to any high personage of the land, as peers, pre- lates, judges, or other great officers, by false or slanderous news or tales ; by which any debate or discord between them and the commons, or any scandal to their persons, might arise. Chambeis. SCANSION, skan'-shun. n. s. [scansio, Lat.] The act or practice of scanning a verse. Bp. Percy. To SCANT §, skant. v. a. |a corruption of the Icel. skemta.] To limit 5 to straiten. Shakspeare. To SCANT*, skant. v. n. To fail : as, The wind scants : a naval term ; formerly, scantle. SCANT*, skant. n. s. Scarcity. Carew. SCANT, skant. a. Not plentiful ; scarce ; less than what is proper or competent. Bacon. Wary ; not liberal ; parsimonious. Sliakspeare. SCANT, skant. ad. Scarcely ; hardly. Camden. SCANTILY, skan'-te-le. ad. Narrowly ; not plenti- fully. Sparingly; niggardly. Shakspeare. SCANTINESS, skan°-te-nes. n. s. Narrowness; want of space; want of compass. Dry den. Want of amplitude or greatness ; want of liberality. South. To SCANTLE*, skan'-tl. v. n. To be deficient ; to fall. Drayton. To SCANTLE §*, skan'-tl. v.a. [esclmnteler , Fr.; schiantare, Ital.] To divide into little pieces; to shiver. Ld. Chesterjieid. SCANTLET, skant'-let. n.s. [corrupted fromscant- ling.] A small pattern 5 a small quantity 5 a little piece. Hale. SCANTLING, skant'-llng. 410. n. s. [eschantillon, Fr.] A quantity cut for a particular purpose. L' 'Es- trange. A certain proportion. Shak. A small quantitv. Bp. Taylor. SCANTLING*, skant'-ling. a. Not plentiful; small. Shensione. SCANTLY, skantMe. ad. Scarcely ; hardly. Cam- den. Narrowly; penuriously; without amplitude. Dryden. SCANTNESS, skant'-nes. n.s. Narrowness; mean- 1 ness ; smallness. Haijivard. SCANTY, skan'-te. a. Narrow; small; wanting amplitude ; short of quantity sufficient. Locke. Small ; poor ; not copious ; not ample. Locke. Sparing; niggardly; parsimonious. Watts. To SCAPE §, skape. v. a. [contracted from escape.] To escape ; to miss ; to avoid ; to shun j not to incur ; to fly. Shakspeare. To SCAPE, skape. v. n. To get away from hurt or danger. D)~yde.n. SCAPE, skape. n. s. Escape ; flight from hurt or danger; accident of safety. Shak. Means of escape; evasion. Donne. Negligent freak ; devia- tion from regularity. Shak. Loose act of vice or lewdness. Shakspeare. SCAPE-GOAT*, n. s. The goat set at liberty by the Jews on the day of solemn expiation. Lev. xvi. SCA'PEMENT*, skape'-ment. n.s. [In clockwork.] A general term for the manner of communicating the impulse of the wheels to the pendulum. Cham- bers. SCA'P ULA, skap'-u-la. 92. n. s. [Lat.] The shoul- der-blade. Wiseman. SCA'PULAR. skap'-u-lar. )a. [scapiclaire, Fr.] SCA'PULARY, skap'-u-la-re. \ Relating or belong- ing to the shoulders. Wiseman. SCA'PULARY*, skap'-u-la-re. n. s. [ycapulane, Sax.] Part of the habit of a friar, consisting of two narrow slips of cloth covering the back and the breast. Chaucer. SCAR §, skar. 78. n. s. [Ic^dpa, Gr. ; scip_an, Sax.] A mark made by a hurt or fire ; a cicatrix. Arbulh- not. A cliff of a rock, or a naked rock on the dry land. Gower. To SCAR, skar. v. a. To mark as with a sore or wound. Sliakspeare. SCA'RAB, skar'-ab. )n. s. [scarabee, Fr. ; SCA'RABEE*, skar'-a-be. ) scarabaeus, Lat.] A beetle ; an insect with sheathed wings. Derlvxm. SCA'RAMOUCH, skar'-a-moutsh. n. s. [scaramuc- chia, Ital.; escaratnouche, Fr.] A buffoon in motley dress. Dryden. SCARCER, skarse. a. [scarso, Ital.] Parsimonious; not liberal; stingy. Chaucer. Not plentiful; not copious. Locke. Rare ; not common. Addison. SCARCE, skarse. ) ad. Hardly; scantly. SCA'RCELY, skW-le. ] Hooker. With diffi- culty. Dryden. SCARCENESS, skarse'-nes. )?i.s. Smallness of SCARCITY, skar'-se-te. 511. $ quantity; not plen- ty ; penury. Deut. viii. Rareness ; infrequency. tlooker. SCARD*, skard. n. s. [7-ceajib, Sax.] Used for shard : a fragment of any brittle substance. To SCARE §, skare. v. a. [scorare, Ital. ; skiar, Icel.] To fright; to frighten; to affright; to terrify; to strike with sudden fear. Shakspeare. SCA'RECROW, skare'-kro. n. s. [scare and crow.] An image or clapper set up to fright birds; thence any vain terrour. Spenser. A bird of the sea-gull kind ; the black gull. Pennant. SCA'REFIRE, skare'-flre. n. s. A fright by fire ; a fire breaking out so as to raise terrour. Holder. SCARF §, skarf. n.s. [fcearrp, Sax.] Any thing that hang's loose upon the shoulders or dress. Shak. To SCARF, skarf. v. a. To throw loosely on. ShaL To dress in any loose vesture. Shak. [skarfwa, Swed.] To piece; to unite two pieces of timber together, in a particular way, by the extremities. SCA'RFSKIN, skarf -skin. n. s. The cuticle; the epidermis ; the outer scaly integuments of the body. Cheyne. SCARIFICATION, skar-e-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [scari- jicatio. Lat.] Incision of the skin with a lancet, or such like instrument. It is most practised in cup- ping. Quincv. SCARIFICATOR, SCARIFICATOR, skar-e-fe-ka'-tur. n. s. One who scarifies. Cotgrave. An instrument with which scarifications are made. SCA'RIFIER, skar'-re-fl-ur. 98. n. s. One who scar- ifies. The instrument with which scarifications are made. To SCA'RIFY §, skar'-re-fl. 183. v. a. [scariftco, Lat. ; scarifier, 'Fr.] To let blood by incisions of tho skin, commonly after the application of cupping- glasses. Wisei7ian. SCA'RLET§, skar'-let. 99. n. s. [escarlate, Fr ' scarlato, Ital. ; yxquerlat, Arab.] A colour com pounded of red and yellow; cloth dyed with a scarlet colour. Sliakspeare. SCE SCH — nd, m&ve, ndr, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 6?1 ; — pound; — thin, this. SCA'RLET, skar'-let. a. Of the colour of scarlet; red tinged with yellow. Slmkspeare. SCA'RLETBEAN, skar' -let-been, re. s. A plant. Mortimer. SCA'RLETOAK, skar-let-oke'. re. s. The ilex. A species of oak. SCA'RMAGE. ) re. s. Skirmish ; which see. Spen- SCA'RMOGE. \ ser. SCARN*, skarn. re. s. [ycearm, Sax. ; skarn, Su. Goth.] Cow-duns:. Kay, SCARN -BEE*, skarn'-be. n.s. A beetle. Ray. SCARP, skarp. re. 5. [escarpe, Fr.] The slope on that side of a ditch which is next to a fortified place, and looks towards the fields. Diet. SCA'RUS*, ska'-r&s. re. s. [Lat.] A sea-fish. Bp. Taylor. SCA'RY*, ska'-re. re, s. Used in some places for barren land, which has a poor or thin coat of grass upon it. SCATCH, skatsh. re. s. [escacke, Fr.] A kind of horse- bit for bridles. Baiiev. SCA'TCHES, skatsh'-ez. re. s. [chassis, Fr.] Stilts to put the feet in to walk in dirty places. Bailey. SCATE $, skate, re. 5. [scliaitse, Teat.] A kind of wooden shoe, with a steel plate underneath, on which thev slide over the ice. 1 Thomson. To SCATE, skate, v. re. To slide on scates. SCATE, skate, re. s. [skaia, Icel. ; fceabba, Sax.] A fish of the species of thornback. Drayton. SCA'TEBROUS, skat'-te-br&s. a. [scatebrce, Lat] Abounding with springs. Diet. To SCATH9, ska/A. [skkhe, Sheridan.] v. a. [j-ca?S- ian, fcaeSan, Sax.] To waste ; to damage ; to de- stroy. Milton. SCA.TH, skkh. re. s. [;r;caSe 7 Sax.] Waste ; damage ; mischief; depopulation. Spenser. SCA'THFUL, skaf/i'-f&l. a. Mischievous; destruc- tive. SlwJcspeare. SCA'THLESS*, skai/i'-les. a. Without harm or damage. Cliancer. ToSCA'TTER^, skat'-tfir. 98. r. a. [rcatenan, Sax.] To throw loosely about ; to sprinkle. Prior. To dissipate ; to disperse. Prov. xx. To spread thin- 1 ly. Dry den. To besprinkle with something loose- ly spread. Milton. To SCATTER, skat'-tfir. v. n. To be dissipated; to be dispersed. Baccm. SCA'TTEREDLY*, skat'-tur-ed-le. ad. Dispersed- ly ; separately. Clarke. SCATTERING*, skat'-tur-hig. re. s. Act of dis- persing or distributing; that which is dispersed. More. SCA'TTERINGLY, skat'-lur-ing-le. ad. Loosely; d'spersedlv. Abbot. SCA'TTERLLNG, skat'-tur-ljng. re. s. A vagabond ; one that has no home or settled'habitation. Spenser. | Ob. J. SCATC'RIENT, ska-tvy-re-£nt. a. [scatwiens, Lat.] Springing as a fountain. Diet. SCATURI GINOUS. ska-tu-rld'-j?n-us. a. [scaturi- go, Lat.] Full of springs or fountains. Diet. SCAVENGER, skay'-m-jur. 93. re. s. [fcapan, Sax.] A petty magistrate, whose province is to keep the streets clean : more commonly the labour- er employed in removing filth. South. SCELERAT, sel'-e-rat. re. s. [Fr. ; sceleratus, Lat.] A villain ; a wicked wretch. Cliey SCE NARY, seen' [from scene. Scenery is «he word established by custom. Todd.] The ap~ pearances of place or things. Addison. The rep- resentation of the place in which an action is per- formed. Pope. The disposition and consecution of the scenes of a play. Druden. SCENE §, seen. re. s. [scene, Fr. ; scena, Lat. ; wcrivri, Gi\] The stage ; the theatre of dramatick poetry. The general appearance of any action; the whole contexture of objects; a display; a series; a regu- lar disposition. Milton. Part of a play. Shak. So much of an act of a play as passes between the same persons in the same place. Dryden. The place represented by the stage. Shak. The hang- ing of the ihea'j« adapted to the play. Bacon. SCE'NERY* seen'-er-e. re. 5. See Scenary. This is the usual word. Gilpin. SCE'NICAL* sen'-e-kal. ? a. [semievs, Lat ; se- SCE'NICK, sln'-nik. \ nique, Fr.] Dramatick; theatrical. B. Jonson. ftCf From the general tendency of the antepenultimate accent to shorten the vowel, and the particular propen- sity to contract every vowel but u before the termina- tion in ical, we find those in ick, which may be looked upon as abbreviations of the other, preserve the same shortening power with respect to the vowels which pre- cede: and. though the word in question might plead the long sound of the e in the Latin scenicus, yet, if this plea were admitted, we ought, for the same reasons, to alter the sound of in comick ? nor should we know where to stop. As a plain analogy, therefoie, is formed by epick, topick, tropick, tenick, &c, it would be ab- surd to break in upon it, under pretence of conforming to Latin quantity ; as this would disturb our most settled usages, and quite unhinge the language. — See Principles, No. 544. TV. SCENOGRA PHICAL, sen-o-graf-fe-kal. a. [„«.- vi; and yod6v>'.\ Drawn in perspective. SCENOGRA'PHICALLY, sen-o-graf-fe-kal-e. ad. In perspective. Mortimer. SCENO'GRAPHY, se-nog'-gra-fe. 518. re. s. [ck,]*}} and ypdtia.] The art of perspective. Representa- tion in perspective. Greenhiu. SCENT?, sent. re. s. [sentir, Fr.; sentio, Lat.] The power of smelling ; the smell. Watts. The object of smell ; odour, good or bad. Bacon. Chase fol- lowed by the smell. Temple. To SCENT, sent, r, a. To smell ; to perceive by the nose. Milton. To perfume; or to imbue with odour, erood or bad. Dryden. SCE'NTFUL*, sSnt'-f&l. a. Odorous ; yielding much smell. Drayton. Quick of smell. Brown. SCE'NTLESS, sent'-lgs. a. Inodorous; having no smell. SCEPTICK, sep'-iik. re. s. See Skeptick. SCE'PTRE§,- sep'-tur. 416. n. s. [sceptrum, Lat.; sceptre, Fr.] The ensign of royaity borne in the hand. Clarendon. To SCE'PTRE* sep'-tur. v. a. To invest with the ensign of royalty. Bp. Hall. SCEPTRED, sep'-t&rd. 359. a. Bearing- a sceptre. Milton. Denoting something regal. Milton. SCHEDIASMf, ske'-de-azm. re. s. [axsSiaafta.'] Cursory writing on a loose sheet. $Cr" This word is not in Johnson, but, from its utility, is certainly worthy of a niche in all our other dictionaries as well as Ash's, where it is to be found. The Latins have their schediasma, the French have their feuille volants, and why should not the English have their schediasm, to express what is written in an extempora- ry way on a loose sheet of paper, without the formality of composition? TV. SCHEDULE, sSd'-jftfe, or sked'-ji.le. [sgd'-ule, Jones, Fulton and Knight.] re. s. [schedula, Lat. ; schedule, Fr.] A small scroll. Hooker. A writing additional or appendant. Donne. A little invento- ry. Shalcspeare. £5= In the pronunciation of this word we seem to de- part both from the Latin schedula -and the French sche- dule. If we follow the first, we ought to pronounce the word skedule, 353 ; if the last, shedule ; but entirely sinking the ch in schedule seems to be the prevailing mode, and too firmly fixed by custom to be altered in favour of either of its original words. Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Buchanan, pronounce it skedule ; but Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Air. Nares, Barclay, Fenning, and &ha.w, sedule : though, if we may believe Dr. Jones, it was pronounced skedule in Queen Anne's time. TV. SCHE'MATfSM, ske'-ma-tizm. re. s. [cx^uanapbs.] Combination of the aspects of heavenly bodies. Particular form or disposition of a thing. Creech. SCHE'MATIST, ske'-ma-tlst. re. s. A projector; one given to forming schemes. Fleetwood. SCHEMES, skeme. 353. re. s. [o^a.] A P 1an 5 a combination of various things into one view, de- sign, or purpose ; a system. Locke. A project ; a contrivance ; a design. Rowe. A representation of the aspects of the celestial bodies ; any lineal or mathematical diagram. Brown. 809 SCH SCI UT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— To SCHEME*, skeme. v. a. To plan. Stuart. 1 o SCHEME*, skeme. v. n. To contrive; to form or design. Johnson. SCHE MER, ske'-mur. 98. n. s. A projector; a con- triver. SCHE'MIST*, ske'-mist. n. s. A projector; a sche- matise Coventry. SCHE'SIS, ske'-sk n. s. [o^An?.] A habitude; state of any thing with respect to other things. Norris. SCHI'RRHUS. See Scirrhus. SCHISM §, slzm. n. s. [schisme, Fr. ; o-%/ff//a, Gr.] A separation or division in the church of God. King Charles. 55= The common pronunciation of this word is contra- ry to every rule for pronouncing words from the learn ed languages, and ought to be altered. Ch in English words, coming from Greek words with %, ought a.way3 to be pronounced like k ; and I believe the word in question is almost the only exception throughout the language. However strange, therefore, skizm may sound, it is the only true and analogical pronunciation ; and we might as well pronounce scheme seme, as schism sizm, there being exactly the same reason for both. But, when once a false pronunciation is fixed, as this is, it. requires some daring spirit to begin the reformation: but, when once begun, as it has, what seldom nappens, truth, novelty, and the appearance of Greek erudition on its side, there is no doubt of its success. Whatever, therefore, may be the fate of its pronunciation, it ought still to retain it3 spelling. This must be held sacred, or the whole language will be metamorphosed : for the very same reason that induced Dr. Johnson to spell sceptick skeptick, ought to have made him spell schism sizm, and schedule sedule. All our orthoepists pro- nounce the word as I have marked it. TV. SCHISM A'TICAL, siz-mat'-te-kal. a. Implying schism ; practising schism. Kino- Charles. SCHISMATIC ALLY, siz-mat'-te-kal -e. ad. In a schismatical manner. Act for tlie Uniformity of Pnblick Prayer. SCHISMA'TIC ALNESS*, siz-mat'-te-kal-nes. n. s. State of being schismatical. More. ' SCHISM ATICK, sfe'-ma-t?k. [slz'-ma-tlk, Sher- ridan, Jones, Fulton and Knight: siz-mat'-Ik, Perry.} n. s. One who separates from the true church. Bacon. SCHFSMATICK*, slz'-ma-tlk. a. [schismatique, Fr.] Practising schism. Bale. To SCHFSMATIZE, slz'-ma-tlze. v.n. [schismatiser, Fr.] To commit the crime of schism ; to make a breach in the communion of the church. Cotgrave. SCHFSMLESS*, slzm'-les. a. Not affected by schism ; without schism. Milton. SCHOLAR §, skol'-lur. 88, 353. n. s. [scholaris, Lat. ; r-colepe, Sax.] One who learns of a mas- ter ; a disciple. Hooker. A man of letters. Wil- Jans. A pedant ; a man of books. Bacon. One who has a lettered education. Shak. One who in our English universities belongs to the fbunda- tion of a college, and who has a portion of its rev- enues. Warton. SCHOLA'RITY*, sko-lar'-e-te. n. s. [scholarite, Fr.] Scholarship. B. Jonson. Ob. T. SCHO'LARLIKE*, skolMfir-llke. a. Becoming a scholar ; like a scholar. Bacon. SCHOLARSHIP, skol'-l&r-shlp. n. s. Learning; literature ; knowledge. Sir T. Bodley. Literary education. Milton. Exhibition or maintenance for a scholar. Warton. SCHOLA'STICAL, sko-las'-te-kal. a. [scholastics, Lat.] Belonging to a scholar or school ; scholar- like. Barrow. Suitable to the school, or form of theology' so called. Bp. Cosim. SCHOLASTIC ALLY, ski-las'-te-kal-e. ad. Ac- cording to the niceties or method of the schools. South. SCHOLASTICISM*, sko-las'-te-slzm. n. s. The method or niceties of the schools. Dr. Warton. SCHOLA'STICK, sk6-las'-tlk. a. [schola, Lat. ; scholastique, Fr.] Pertaining to the school ; prac- tised in schools. Digby. Befitting to the school ; suitable to the school ; pedanlick ; needlessly sub- tle. Hooker. SCHOLA'STICK*, skd-las'-tlk. n. s. One who ad- )n. s. [Lat.] A note; l. £ an explanatory ob heres to the niceties or method of the schools. Mil ton. SCHOLIAST, skoMe-ast. 353. is. s. [scholiastes, Lat.] A writer of explanatory notes. Dryden. SCHOLIA'STICK*, sk6-le-as'-tlk. a. Pertaining to a scholiast. Swift. To SCHO'LIAZE*, skc-Me-aze. v. n. To write notes. Milton. SCHO'LICAL*, skol'-e-kal.a. [scMicus, Lat.] Scho- lastick. Hales. Ob. T. SCHO'LION, skoMe-6n. SCHO'LIUM, sk6'-le-um. servation. Watts. SCHO'LY, skoMe. n. s. [scholie, Fr. ; scholium, Lat.] An explanatory note. Hooker. Not used. To SCHO'LY, skc-'-le. v. n. To write expositions. Hooker. Not used. SCHOOL §, skoSl. 353. n. s. [schola, Lat. ; r cole Sax.; schule, Germ.; schole, Teut.] A house of discipline and instruction. Drydien. A place of literary education ; a university. Digby. A state of instruction. Dryden. System of doctrine as de livered by particular teachers. Davies. The age • of the church and form of theology succeeding that of the fathers : so called, because this mode of treat- ing religion arose from the use of academical dis putations. Sa?iderson. To SCHOOL, sk66l. v. a. To instruct ; to tram Spenser. To teach with superiority ; to tutor. Bp Hall. SCHOOLBOY, sk66l'-b6e. n. s. A boy that is in his rudiments at school. Shakspeare. SCHOOLDAME*, sk66l'-dame. n. s. [school an4 dame.] A schoolmistress. Echard. SCHOOLDAY, sk65l'-da. n. s. Age in which youth is sent to school. Shakspeare. SCHOOLERY*, skodl'-er-e. n. s. Precepts. Spen- ser. Ob. T. SCHOOLFELLOW, sko5l'-fel-l6. n. s. One bred at the same school. Locke. SCHOOLHQUSE, sk6olMi6use. n. s. House of dis- cipline and instruction. Spenser. SCHOOLING*, skofil'-lng. n.s. Instruction; learn- ing at school. School-hire; stipend paid to a schoolmaster for instruction. Sherwood. A lec- ture; a sort of reprimand. Shakspeare. SCHOOLMAID*, skSoF-made. n. s. A girl at school. Shakspeare. SCHOOLMAN, skc-o-l'-man. 88. n. s. One versed in the niceties and subtilties of academical dispu- tation. Bacon. A writer of scholastick divinity or philosophy. Bacon. SCHOOLMASTER, skool'-ma-stur. n. s. One who presides and teaches in a school. Shakspeare. SCHOOLMISTRESS, skool'-mls-trls. n. s. A wo- man who governs a school. Dryden. SCHOONER*, skodn'-ur. n. s. [schuner, Germ.] A small vessel with two masts. SCHREIGHT, skret. n. s. A fish. Ainsworth. SCIAGRAPHY, si-ag'-ra-fe. n. s. [sciagraphie, Fr. ; (TKiaypa , but Barclay writes it to be pronounced skirrus. W. SCISCITA'TION*, sls-se-tcV-shun. n.s. [sciscitatus, Lat.] Inquiry. Bp. Hall. SCFSSIBLE$, sfs'-se-bl. a. [scissus, Lat.] Capable of being divided smoothly by a sharp edge. Bacon. SCFSSILE, sls'-sil. 140. a. [Fr.; scissiiis, Lat.] Ca- pable of being cut or divided smoothly by a sharp edge. Arbuthnot. SCI'SSION, slzh'-un. [See Abscission.] n.s. [Fr.; scissio, Lat.] The act of cutting. Wiseman. SCI'SSOR, sJz'-zur. n. s. [This word is variously written, as it is supposed to be derived by different writers ; of whom some write ci-sors, from ccedo, or incido ; others scissors, from scindo ; and some cisars, cizars, or scissars, from ciseaux, Fr.] A small pair of shears, or blades, movable on a pivot, and intercepting the thing to be cut. Shakspeare. SCFSSURE, sfzh'-ure. n. s. [scissura, Lat.] A crack ; a rent ; a fissure. Hammond. SCLAVO'NIAN*, skla-vo'-ne-an. {a. Relating to SCLAVO'NICK*, skla-von'-ik. \ the language or manners of the Sclavi, or people of Sclavonia. Moscoio. SCLERO'TICKMde-rotMk. a. [sclerotique, Fr. ; tncXijpos, Gr.] Hard : an epithet of one of the coats of the eve. Bay. SCLERC'TICKS, skle-rottfks'.K.s. Medicines which harden and consolidate the parts they are applied to. Quincy. To SCOAT, sk6te. )v.a. To stop a wheel by To SCOTCH, skotsh. \ putting a stone or piece of wood under it before. Bailey. SCOBS*, skobs. n. s. [Lat.] Raspings of ivory, hartshorn, or other hard substances; scoriae of metals ; potashes. Chambers. To SCOFF §, skof. e. n. [schoppen, Teut.] To treat with insolent ridicule ; to treat with contumelious language. Bacon. To SCOFF*, skof. v. a. To jeer ; to treat with scoffs. Fotherby. SCOFF, sk&f. 170. n. s. Contemptuous ridicule ; ex- pression of scorn ; contumelious language. Hooker SCO'FFER, skof -fur. 98. n.s. Insolent ridiculer saucy scorner ; contumelious reproacher. Shak. SCO FFINGLY, skof-flng-le. ad. In contempt ; ia ridicule. Broome. To SCOLDS, sk6ld. [See Mould.] v.n. [scMden, Teut.] To quarrel clamorously and rudely. Sluxk. To SCOLD*. sk6ld. v. a. To rate. Hoicell. SCOLD, sk6ld. n. s. A clamorous, rude, mean, low, foul-mouthed woman. Addison. SCO'LDER* sk6ld / -ur. n.s. One who scold* »r rails. Abp. Cranmer. SCO'LDING*, sk6ld'-Ing. n.s. Clamorous, rude language. South. SCOLDINGLY*, skild'-fng-le. ad. With rude clamour, like a scold. Huloet. SCOLLOP, skol'-lup. 166. n. s. [properly scallop.] A pectinated shell-fish. SCOLOPE'NDRA, skol-6-peV-dra. n.s. [scoloperf dre, Fr. ; (TKo\6-£vSpa, Gr.] A sort of venomous ser- pent. Bryant. [scolopendrium, Lat.] An herb Ains worth. SCOMM, skom. n. s. [perhaps from scomma, Lat.] A buffoon. L' Estrange. A mock; a flout; a jeer Fotherby. Ob. J. SCONCE §, skonse. n. s. [sehantse, Teut. ; skansa. Su. Goth.] A fort ; a bulwark. Fanshawe. The head : perhaps as being the acropolis, or citadel of the body. Shak. A pensile candlestick, generally with a looking-glass to reflect the light. Dryden A fixed seat, or shelf : so used in the north of Ecg • land. A mulct, or fine. To SCONCE, skonse. v. a. [from sconce, the head.] To mulct; to fine. Warton. 811 SCO SCO 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pln;- SCOOP$, sk66p. 306. n.s. [schoepe, Teut.] A kind of large ladle ; a vessel with a long handle used to throw out liquor. Mortimer. A chirurgeon's in- strument. Sharp. A sweep ; a stroke. Shakspeare. To SCOOP, sk&op. v. a. [schoepen, Teut.] To lade out. Milton. To empty by lading. Beaum. and Fl. To carry off so as to leave the place hollow. Spec- tator. To cut into hollowness or depth. Addison. SCOOPER, skfifip'-ur. 93. n. s. One who scoops. SCOPE, sk6pe. n. s. [scopus, Lat.] Aim ; intention ; drift. Shah. Thing aimed at ; mark ; final end. Hooker. Room; space; amplitude of intellectual view. Dryden. Liberty; freedom from restraint. Hooker. Liberty beyond just limits ; license. Sliak. Act of riot; sally. Shak. Extended quan- tity. Davies. To SCOPPET*, skop'-pet. v. a. [from scoop.] To lade out. Bp. Hall. SCO'PTICAL* skop'-te-kal. a. [tr/cam™^.] Scof- fing. Hammond. SCOPULOUS, skop'-u-lus. a. [scopulosus, Lat.] Full of rocks. Diet. SCO'RBUTE §*, skeV-bute. n.s. [scorbutus, Lat.] The scurvy. Purchas. Ob. T. SCORBOTICAL, sk&r-bfi'-te-kal. } a. Diseased SCORBU'TICK, skdr-bu'-tfk. 509. S with the scur- vy. Wiseman. SCORBUTIC ALLY, skSr-bu/-te-kal-le. ad. With tendency to the scurvy ; in the scurvy. Wiseman. SCORCE, sk6rse. n. s. Exchange. Spenser. See Scorse. To SCORCH §, skSrtsh. 352. v. a. [ycojicneb, Sax.] To bum superficially. Bacon. To burn. Rev. xvi. To SCORCH, skortsh. v.n. To be burnt superficial- ly ; to be dried up. Roscommon. SCOTCHING Fennel, n.s. A plant. SCO'RDIUM, skdr'-de-ftm, or skor'-je-fim. 293, 294, 376. n. s. [Lat.] An herb. Ainsworth. SCORE §, skore. n. s. [skora. Icel. ; pcipan, Sax.] A notch or long incision. Shak. A line drawn. An account, which, when writing w r as less common, was kept by marks on tallies, or by lines of chalk. Shak. Account kept of something past ; an epoch ; an era. Tillotson. Debt imputed. Shak. Reason ; motive. Collier. Sake ; account ; relative motive. Dryden. [pcop, Sax.] Twenty : perhaps because twenty, being a round number J was distinguished on tallies by a long score. Slutk. — A song or air in score. The words with the musical notes of a song annexed. Mus. Diet. To SCORE, skdre. v. a. To mark; to cut; to en- grave. Spenser. To mark by a line. Sandijs. To set clown as a debt. Swift. To impute ; to charge. Dryden. SCO'RTA, sko'-re-a. 92. n.s. [Lat.] Dross; recre- ment. Newton. SCORIFICA'TION*, skar-e-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. [In metallurgy.] The art of reducing a body , either en- tirely or in part, into scoria. Chambers. SCO/RIOUS, sk6'-re-us. 314. a. Drossy ; recremen- titious. Brown. To SCORN §,sktVn. v. a. [schei-nen, Teut. ; escorner, Fr. ; j-ceapn. Sax.] To despise; to slight; to re- vile ; to vilify ; to contemn. Job, xvi. To neglect; to disregard. Milton. To SCORN, sk&ra. v. n. To show signs of contempt. Shak. To disdain ; to think unworthy. Crashaw. SCORN, skdm. n.s. [escorne, old Fr.] Contempt; scoff; slight act of contumely. Bacon. Subject of ridicule ; thing treated with contempt. Tillotson. — To think scorn. To disdain ; to hold unworthy of regard. Ps. xxviii. To laugh to scorn-. To deride as contemptible. Ps. Common Prayer. SCO'PvNER, skorn'-fir. 98. n.s. Contemner; de- spiser. Spenser. Scoffer; ridiculer. Prior. SCO'RNFUL, skdrn'-ful. a. Contemptuous ; insolent; disdainful. Ps. (Common Prayer,) exxiii. Acting in defiance. Prior. SCORNFULLY, skorn'-ful-le.«tf. Contemptuously; insolent! v. Shakspeare. SCORNING* skcW-lng. n. s. Sign or act of con- tempt or disdain. Ps. exxiii. A plant. Miller. SCO'RNY*, skor'-ne. a. Deserving scorn. Ob. T. SCO'RPION, skeV-pe-un. n. s. [Fr. ; scorpio, Lat.J A reptile with a venomous sting. SJutkspeare. One of the signs of the zodiack. Drydsn. A scourge, so called from its cruelty. 1 Kings, xii. [scorpius* LatJ A sea-fish. Ainsworth. SCORPION Sena. n. SCORPION Grass. ' SCORPION'S TailSn. s. Herbs. Ainsicorth. SCO'RPION Wort. ) To SCORSE §*, skorse. v. a. [skoja, Sueth.] To bar ter; to exchange. Spenser, [scorso, Ital.] T» chase. Spenser. To SCORSE*, skorse. v. n. To deal for the pur chase of a horse. B. Jonson. SCORSE*, sk6rse. n. s. Exchange. Spenser. SCOT §, sk&t. n. s. [shott, Icel. ; j-ceate, Sax.] Shot; payment. — Scot and lot. Parish payments. Shak. SCOT§* skot. n.s. [Scoius, Lat ; Scofctaf, Sax.] A native of that part of Great Britain called Scot- land. Camden. SCOT-FREE, skot'-fre. a. frcote-ppeoh, Sax.] Without payment; untaxed; unhurt. World of Wonders. To SCOTCH §, skotsh. v. a. [escorcher, old Fr.] To cut with shallow incisions. Shakspeare. SCOTCH, skotsh. n.s. A slight cut; a shallow in- cision. SJiakspeai-e. SCOTCH*, skotsh. } a. Relating to Scotland j SCO'TISH*. skot'-tlsh. > belonging to Scotland. SCOTTISH*, skot'-tlsh. > Camden. SCOTCH Collops, skotsh'-kol'-lups. ) e SCOTCHED Collops, sk&tsht'-kdl'-lfips. \ n ' s ' [from To scotch, or cut.] Veal cut into small pieces. King. SCOTCH Hoppers, sk6tsh'-h&p'-pfirz. n. s. A play in which boys hop over lines or scotches in the ground. Locke. SCO'TIST*, skoMlst. n.s. [from Duns ScMus.] A schoolman, following the opinions of Scotus on several abstruse and minute questions, in opposi- tion to those of Thomas Aquinas. See Thomist, Burton. SCOTOMY, sk&t'-t6-me. n. s. [o-^rw/m.] A dizzi- ness or swimming in the head, causing dimness of sight, wherein external objects seem to turn round. B. Jonson. SCO'TTERING, skot'-tur-mg. n. s. [In Hereford shire.] A custom among the boys of burning a wad of pease straw at the end of harvest. Bailey SCOTTICISM*, skot'-te-slsm. n. s. A Scottish idiom . SCOUNDREL §, skdfin'-drll. 99. n. s. [scmidaruolo, Ital. ; ]*conbe, Sax.] A mean rascal ; a low ; petty villain. Hudibras. SCOUNDREL*, skMn'-drlL a. Base; disgraceful; denoting a scoundrel. Hildrop. SCOUNDRELISM*, sk&fin'-dril-fzna. n.s. Base- ness ; rascality. Cotgrave. To SCOUR §, skour. 312. v. a. [skauron, M.Goth.; skure, Dan. ; schuren, Dutch.] To rub hard with any thing rough, in order to clean the surface. Shak. To purge violently ; to cleanse ; to bleach ; to whiten; to blanch. Bacon. To remove by scour- ing. Shak. To range about in order to catch or drive away something; to clear away, [scorrere, Ital.] Sidney. To pass swiftly over. Milion. To SCOUR, skour. v. n. To perform the office of cleaning domestick utensils. Shak. To clean. Bacon. To be purged or lax ; to be diseased with looseness. Mortimer. To rove ; to range. Knolles^ To run here and there. Shak. To run with grea eagerness and swiftness; to scamper. Spenser. SCOTJRER, skour' -ur. n. s. One that cleans by rub bing. Martin. A purge, rough and quick. One who runs swiftlv. SCOURGE §, skfirje. 314. n. s. [escourgh, Fr. ; sco- reggia, Ital. ; corrigia, Lat.] A whip ; a lash ; an instrument of discipline. St. Jchn, li. A punish ment; a vindictive affliction. 2 Esdras. One thai afflicts, harasses, or destroys. Atterbury. A whip for a top. Locke. if To SCOURGE, skfirje. v. a. To lash with a vhip 812 SCR SCR -n&, move, nor, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 6ll; — pound; — th'm, this. to whip. Acts, xxii. To punish; to chastise ; to chasten ; to castigate with any punishment or afflic- tion. 2 Mace. iii. SCO'URGER, skur'-j&r. 93. n.s. One that scourges; a punisher or chastiser. One of the sect called Flagellants, who scourged themselves. Tindal. SCO' URGING*, skur'-juig. n. s. Punishment by the scourge. Heb. xi. SCOURING*, sk6iV-ing. n. s. A looseness ; a flux. Bacon. To SCOTJRSE, skc-rse. v. a. To exchange one thing for another. See To Scorse. SCOUT §, skdut. 312. n.s. [escout, Fr.] One who is sent privily to observe the motions of the enemy. Shak. A high rock. To SCOUT, sk6ut. v. n. To go out in order to observe the motions of an enemy privately. Milton. To ridicule ; to sneer. SCO'VEL, skov'-vl. n.s. [scopa, Lat.j A sort of mop of clouts for sweeping an oven ; a malkin. Ainsw. To SCOWL § , skfifil. o. n. [pcy lian, Sax.] To frown ; to pout ; to look angry, sour, or sullen. Sidney. To SCOWL*, sk6uF. v. a. To drive scovvlingly. Milton. SCOWL, skfifil. 322. n. s. Look of sullenness or dis- content ; gloom. Crashaw. SCO'WLINGLY, skoul'-mg-le. ad. With a frown- ing and sullen look. To SCRAMBLE, skrab'-bl. 405. v. n. [krabhelen, schrabben, Teut.] To make unmeaning or idle marks. 1 Sam. xxi. SCRAG §, skrag. ?i. s. [probably a corruption of crag, the neck.] Any thing thin or lean ; as, a scrag of mutton, i. e. the small end of the neck : The man is a scrag, i. e. he is rawboned. SCRA'GGED, skrag'-ggd. 366. a. [corrupted from cragged.] Rough ; uneven ; full of protuberances or asperities. Milton. SCRA'GGEDNESS, skrag'-ggd-ngs. ) n. s. Lean- SCRA'GGINESS, skrag'-ge-nes. ] ness ; mar- cour. Unevenness ; roughness ; ruggedness. SCRA'GGILY*, skrag'-ge-le. ad. Meagerly ; lean- ly. Cotgrave. SCRA'GGY, skrag'-ge. 383. a. Lean; marcid; thin. Arbuthnot. [corrupted from craggy. .] Rough; rugged; uneven. Randolph. To SCRA'MBLE §, skram'-bl. v. n. [the same with scrabble.] To catch at any thing eagerly and tu- multuous])' with the hands; to catch with haste preventive of another. Stillingfleet. To climb by the help of the hands. SCRA'MBLE, skram'-bl. 4-05. n.s. Eager contest for something, in which one endeavours to get it before another. Locke. Act of climbing by the help of the hands. SCRAMBLER, skram'-bl-ur. 98. n.s. One that scrambles. Addison. One that climbs by the help of the hands. To SCRANCH, skransh. v. a. [schrantsen, Dutch.] To grind somewhat crackling between the teeth. SCRA'NNEL, skran'-n'u. 99. a. Slight ; poor ; worth- less. Milton. SCRAP, skrap. n. s. [from scrape.'] A small particle ; a little piece; a fragment. Glanville. Crumb; small particles of meat left at the table. Bacon. A small piece of paper : this is properly scrip. Pope. To SCRAPE §, skrape. v. a. [yepeopan, Sax. ; schrapen, Dutch.] To deprive of the surface by the light action of a sharp instrument, used with the eclge almost perpendicular. Moxon. To take away by scraping; to erase. Ezek. xxvi. To act upon any surface with a harsh noise. Pope. To gather b}' great efforts, or penurious or trifling dili- gence. South. To SCRAPE, skrape. v.n. To make a harsh noise. To play ill on a fiddle. To make an awkward bow. Ainsworth. — To scape acquaintance. To curry favour, or insinuate into one's familiarity. SCRAPE, skrape. n.s. Difficulty; perplexity; dis- tress. A low word. — [skrap, Swed.] The sound of the fool drawn over the floor. A bow. SCRA'PER, skra/-pur. 98. n. s. Instrument with which any thing is scraped. Swift. A miser : a ma* intent on getting money; a scrape-penny. Herbert, A vile fiddler. Cowley. SCRAT, skrat. n. s. [r-cp_ifcta, Sax.] An hermaph rodite. Skinner. To SCRAT j». skrat. v. a. [escrai, Anglo-Norman.] To scratch. Burton. To SCRAT* skrat. v.n. To rake; to search. Mir- ror for Magist rates. To SCRATCH §, skratsh. v. a. [kralzen, Germ. ; kratsa, Su.] To tear or mark with slight incisions ragged and uneven. Dryden. To tear with the nails. Spenser. To wound slightly. To hurt slightly with any thing pointed or keen. ShaJc. To rub with the nails. Camden. To write or draw awkwardly. Swift. SCRA'TCH, skratsh. n. s. An incision ragged and shallow. Moxon. Laceration with the nails. Pri&r. A slight wound. Sidney. SCRATCHER, skratsh'-ur. 98. n. s. He that scratches. SCRATCHES, skratsh'-fz. 99. n. s. Cracked ulcers or scabs in a horse's loot. B. Jonson. SCRA'TCHINGLY, skratshMng-le. ad. With the action of scratching. Sidney. SCRA W, skraw. 219. n. s. [L'ish and Erse.] Sur- face or scurf. Swift. To SCRAWL §, skrawl. 219. v. a. [corrupted from scrabble.] To draw or mark irregularly or clumsily. Swift. To SCRAWL, skrawl. v. n. To write unskilfully and inelegantly. Swift, [from crawl.] To creep like a reptile. Ainsworth. SCRAWL, skrawl. n. s. Unskilful and inelegant writing. Arbuthnot SCRA'WLER, skrawl'-Sr. n.s. A clumsy and in- elegant writer. SCRAY. skra. 220. n. s. A bird called a sea-swal- low. Ray. SCRE'ABLE, skre'-a-bl. a. [screalrilis, Lat.] That may be spit out. Bailey. To SCREAK^, skreke. 227. v. n. [skraeka, Icel. skrika, Su. Goth.] To make a shrill or loud noise Spenser. SCREAK*, skreke. n. s. A screech. Bp. Bull. To SCREAM, skreme. 227. v.n. [hpeman, Sax. ? skraema, Swed.] To cry out shrilly, as in terrour or agony. Dryden. To cry shrilly. Shakspeare. SCREAM, skreme. n. s. A shrill, quick, loud cry ot terrour orpain. Shaksveare. SCRE'AMER*, skre'-mur. n. s. A bird. Pennant. To SCREECH §, skreelsh. 246. v. n. [skraeka, Icel To cry out as in terrour or anguish. Bacon. To crv as a night-owl : ihence called a screechowl. ShaJc, SCREECH, skreetsh. ?i.s. Cry of honour and an- guish. Hakewill. Harsh, horrid cry. Pope. SCREE'CHOWL, skreetsh'-oul. n. s. An owl that hoots in the night, and whose voice is supposed to betoken danger, misery, Or death. Shakspeare. SCREEN^, skreen. 246. n.s. [escran, Fr.] Any thing that affords shelter or concealment. Shak Any thing used to exclude cold or light. Bacon. A riddle to sift sand. To SCREEN, skreen. v. a. To shelter ; to conceal 5 to hide. Milton, [cerno, crevi, Lat.] To sift ; to rid- dle. Evelyn. SCREW § 7 "skroo. 265. n. s. [scrosve, Dutch ; escroue, Fr.] One of the mechanical powers, which is de- fined a right cylinder cut into a furrowed spiral ■ of this there are two kinds, the male and female the former being cut convex, so that its threads- rise outwards; but the latter channelled on its con- cave side, so as to receive the former. Wilkins. To SCREW, skroO. v. a. To turn or move by a screw. Phillips. To fasten with a screw. Moxon. Ta deform by contortions. Cowley. To force , to bring by violence. Howell. To squeeze ; to pr^ss. To oppress b} 7 extortion. Swift. SCREW Tree, skro-O'-tre. n. s. A plant of the Eas* and West Indies. SCRE'WER* skrSo'-ur. n.s. That which screw* Wlutlock. 813 SCR SCU Q~p 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, plr SCRIBA'TIOUS*, slul-ba'-shus. a. Skilful in, or fond of writing. Barrow. To SCRFBBLE$, skrlb'-bl. 405. v. a. {scribo, scri- billo, Lat.] To fill with artless or worthless writing. Bp. Taylor. To write without use or elegance : as, He scribbled a pamphlet. To comb wool. To SCRIBBLE, skrlb'-bl. v.n. To write without care or beauty. Bentley. SCRFBBLE, skrlb'-bl. n. s. Worthless writing. Boyle. SCRIBBLER, skrlb'-bl-fir. 98. n. s. A petty author; a writer without worth. Dryden. SCRIBE, skrlbe. n.s. [Fr. j scriba, Lat.] A writer. Sliak. A publick notary. Ainsworih. A Jewish teacher or doctor of the law. Bp. Percy. SCRFMER, skrl'-mfir. 98. n. s. [escrimeur, Fr.] A gladiator; a fencing-master. Shakspeare. Ob. J. SCRIMP*, skrimp. a. {krimpen, Teut.] Short; scanty. SCRINE, skrlne. n. s. [scrinium, Lat.] A place in which writings or curiosities are reposited. Spenser. SCRTP, skrlp. it. s. [skraeppa, Icel.] A small bag ; a satchel. SJiak. [scriptio, Lat.] A schedule ; a small writing. Locke. SCRFPPAGE, skrfp'-pldje. 90. n. s. That which is contained in a scrip. Shakspeare. SCRIPT*, skrlpt. n. s. [escript, old Fr. ; scriptum, Lat.] A small writing. Chancer. SCRFPTORY, skrlp'-t&r-e. 512. [See Domes- tick.] a. [scriptorius, Lat.] Written; not orally de- livered. Swift. Serving to writing. Sir T. Brown. SCRFPTURAL, skrlp'-tshu-ral. a. Contained in the Bible; biblical. Alterbury. SCRI'PTURE§, skrlp'-tshure. 461. n.s. [oldFr.; scriptura, Lat.] Writing. Raleigh. Sacred writ- ing ; the Bible. Hooker. JSCRI'PTURIST*, skrlp'-tshfi-rlst. n.s. One who thoroughly understands the sacred writings. Abp. Newcome. SCRPVENER, skriv'-nfir. n.s. [scrivano, Ital. ; escri- vain, Fr.J One who draws contracts. Sliak. One whose business is to place money at interest. Dry- den. Q£f* This word is irrecoverably contracted into two syl- lables. — See Clef and Nominative. W. SCRO'FULA§, skrof-u-la. 92. n.s. [«cro/o, Lat.] A depravation of the humours of the body, which breaks out in sores commonly called the king's evil. Wiseman. SCROFULOUS, skrof-fi-lfis. 314. a. Diseased with the scrofula. Arbuthnot. SCROG*, skrog. n. s. [ycriob, Sax.] A stunted shrub, bush, or branch. SCROLL, skrole. 406. n. s. [escroue', escrouet, old Fr.] A writing wrapped up. Spenser. SCROYLE, skroel. n. s. [escrouelles, Fr.] A mean fellow ; a rascal ; a wretch. Sliakspeare. To SCRUB§, skrub. v. a. [skrubba, Swed. ; schrob- ben, Dutch.] To rub hard with something coarse and rough. Dryden. SCRUB, skrub. n. s. [schrobber, Dutch.] A mean fellow, either as he is supposed to scrub himself for the itch, or as he is employed in the mean offices of scouring away dirt. Burton. Any thing mean or despicable. Swift. A shrub. A worn-out broom. Ainsworih. SCRUBBED, skrfib'-bld. 366. ) a. Mean; vile; SCRU'BBY, skrub'-be. $ worthless; dirty; sorrv. Shaksjxare. SCRUF, skrfif. n. s. The same with scurf. SCRU'PLE §, skroo'-pl. 339, 405. n. s. [scrupule, Fr. ; scrupulus, Lat.] Doubt ; difficulty of determination ; perplexity : generally about minute things. Bacon. Twenty grains ; the third part of a dram. Bacon. Proverhiallv, aay small quantitv. Shaltspeare. To SCRU'PLE. skroo'-pl. v. n/To doubt; to hesi- tate. Milton. SCRU'PLER, skr66'- P l-fir. 98. n.s. A doubter; one who has scruples. Bp. Hall. To SCRU'PULIZE*, skr6o'-pu-llze. v. a. To per- plex with scruples. Mountagu. I SCRUPULOSITY, skro6-pu-l6s'-e-te. n. s Doubt; ! minute and nice doubtfulness. Hooker. Fear of acting in an}' manner ; tenderness of conscience. Decay of Christian Piety. 1 SCRU'PULOUS, skr55'-pu-lus. 314. a. [scnipuleux, Fr.; scrupulcsus. Lat.] Nicely doubtful; hard to satisfy in determinations of conscience. Hooker. Given to objections ; captious. Shak. Nice ; doubt ful. Bacon. Careful; vigilant; cautious. Wood ward. SCRUPULOUSLY, skr66'-pu-lus-le. ad. Carefully; nicely; anxiously. Bp. Taylor. SCRU'PULOUSNESS, skr66'-pu-lfis-ngs. n.s. The state of being scrupulous. Puller. SCRU'TABLES, skr66'-ta-bl. 405. a. [senior, Lat. J Discoverable bv inquiry. Decay of Chr. Piety. SCRUTA'TION", skr66-ta'-shfin. n.s. [scrutor, Lat.] Search ; examination ; inquiry. Diet. SCRUTA'TOR, skrS6'-ta'-tur. 166. n.s. Inquirer, searcher; examiner. Hales. SCRUTINEER, skr66-te-iieer / . n.s. A searcher an examiner. SCRU'TFNOUS, skr66'-tm-fls. a. Captious; full of inquiries. Denham. Tc SCRU'TINIZE, skr66'-tm-lze. ) u. a. To search; 7 1 oSCRU'TFNY,skr66'-te-ne. $ to examine. Ayliffe. SCRU'TINY*, skr66'-te-iie. 339. n.s, [sendine, old Fr. ; scrutinium, Lat. ; r-ejiubnian, Sax\] Inquiry; search ; examination with nicety. Bp. Taylor. SCRUTOFRE, skr66-tore'. n. s. A case of drawers for writing. Prior. To SCRUZE, skruze. v. a. [perhaps from screic.'] To squeeze ; to compress. Spenser. Ob. J. To SCUD §, skfid. v.n. [squittire, Ital. ; shitta, Swed.] To flee; to run away with precipitation. Dryden. To be carried precipitately before a tempest : ap- plied to a ship. To SCUD*, skfid. v. a. To pass over quickly. Slien- sione. SCUD*, skfid. n. s. A cloud swiftly driven bv the wind. Dryden. To SCU'DDLE, skfid'-dl. y. n. To run with a kind of affected haste or precipitation : commonly pro- nounced scuttle. SCU'FFLE§, skfif-fl. 405. n.s. [skufa. Swed.] A confused quarrel ; a tumultuous broil Shakspeare. To SCUTFLE, skfif-fl. v. n. To fight confusedly and tumultuously. Drayton. To SCUG*, skfig. v. a. [skugga, Swed.] To hide. Grose. To SCULK $, skfilk. v.n. [skiolka, Su. Goth.] To lurk in hiding places; to lie close. Beaumont and Fletcher. SCU'LKER, skfilk'-fir. 98. n.s. A lurker; one that hides himself for shame or mischief. SCULLY, skfil. n.s. [from shell.) The bone which incases and defends the brain ; the arched bone of the head. Sharp. A small boat ; a cockboat. [See Sculler.] Sherwood. One who rows a cock- boat. Pludibras. [Sceole, Sax.] A shoal of fish. Shakspeare. SCU'LLCAP, skfii'-kap. n.s. A headpiece. A night- cap. SCU LLER, skul'-lfir. 98. n. s. [skiola, Goth. ; skyla, Suelh.] A cockboat; a boat in which there is but one rower. Dryden. One that rows a cockboat. Swift. SCU'LLERYS, skfil'-ifir-e. n.s. [skiola, Icel. ; or escuelle, Fr.] The place where common utensils, as kettles or dishes, are cJeaned and kept. Pea- cham. SCU'LLION, skfil'-yim. 113. n.s. [sculier, old Fr.J The lowest domestick servant, that washes the ket- tles and the dishes in the kitchen. Swift. SCU'LLIONL Y* skfil'-yfin-le. a. Low ; base ; worth- less. Milton. To SCULP, skulp. v. a. [sculpo, Lat. ; sculper, Fr.J To carve; to engrave. Sandys. Ob. J. SCU'LPTILE, skfilp'-ill. 140 a. [sculptilis^aU Made by carving. Brown. SCU'LPTOR, skfiip'-tfir. 166 n.s. [La\.:sculpteur, 814 scu SEA — n6, m5ve, n5r, n6t; — ti'ibe, tub, bull;— -611 j — pSund* — t/iin, THis. Fr.] A carver 3 one who cuts wood or stone into images. Dry den. SCULPTURE §, sk&]p'-tshure.4Gl. n.s. [scu/ptura, Lat.] The art of carving- wood, or hewing stone, into images. Pope. Carved work. Milton. The art of engraving on copper. 7fcSCU'LPTURE,sk&lp'-tshure. v. a. To cut j to engrave. SCUM§, skfim. n. s. [escume, Fr. ; skvm, Dan.; schuym, Dutch.] That which rises to the top of any liquor. Spenser. The dross; the refuse; the recre- ment ; that part which is to be thrown away. Ra- leigh. To SCUM, skftm. v. a. To clear off the scum : com- monly written and spoken skim. Milton. SCUMBER, skum'-bor. n.s. The dung of a fox. Ainsworlh. SCU'MMER, skum'-mur. 98. n. s. [escumoir, Fr.] A vessel with which liquor is scummed : commonly called a skimmer. Ray. SCUTPER Holes, skfip'-pur-h6lz. 98. n. s. [schoe- pen, Dutch.] In a ship, small holes on the deck, through which water is carried into the sea. Ward. Simply, scuppers. Maydman. SCURF §, skurf. n.s. [rcupp, Sax. ; skurf, Dan.] A kind of dry, miliary scab. Spenser. A soil or stain adherent. Dryden. Any thing sticking on the surface. Milton. SCU'RFINESS, skurf -e-nes. n. s. The state of be- ing- scurfy. Skelton. SCU'RFY*, skur'-fe. a. Having scurfs or scabs. SCURRILE§, skiV-ru. a. [scurrilis, Lat.] Low; mean ; grossly opprobrious ; lewdly jocose. Bp. Hall. SCURRI'LITY, skur-ril'-e-ie. n.s. [scurrilite, Fr.; scurrilitas, Lat.] Grossness of reproach ; lewdness of jocularity ; mean buffoonery. Shakspeare. SCURRILOUS, skfir'-ril-fis. 314. a. Grossly oppro- brious ; using such language as only the license of a buffoon can warrant; lewdly jocular; vile ; low. Hooker. SCU'RRILOUSLY, skiV-rll-us-le. ad. With gross reproach ; with low buffoonery ; with lewd merri- ment. D)~yden. SCU'RRILOUSNESS, skur'-rft-us-nes. n. s. Scur- rility; baseness of manners. SCU'RVlLY.skfir'-ve-le. ad. Vilely; basely; coarse- ly. B. Jonson. SCU'RVINESS*, sk&r'-ve-nes. n. s. State of being scurvy. Sherwood. SCU'RVY§, skur'-ve.a. [from scurf.] Scabbed; cov- ered with scabs; diseased with the scurvy. Lev. xxi. Vile; bad; sorry ; worthless ; contemptible; offen- sive. Shakspeare. SCU'RVY, skur'-ve. n.s. A distemper of the inhab- itants of cold countries, and, amongst those, such as inhabit marshy, fat, low ; moist soils, near stagnat- ing water. Arbidhnot. SCU'RVYGRASS, skur'-ve-gras. n. s. The plant spoonwort. Miller. 'SCUSES. Excuses. Shakspeare. SCUT, skat, n.s. [skott, Icel.] The tail of those an- imals whose tails are. very short, as a hare. Brown. SCU'TAGE*. ska'-tadje. 90. n. s. [scutagium, low Lat.] Escuage, in ancient customs. See Escuage. SCU'TCHEON, skfitsh'-in. 259. n. s. [scuccione, Ital.; from scutum, Lat.] The shield represented in heraldry; the ensigns armorial of a family. See Escutcheon. Sidney. SCUTE'LLATED. sku-tel'-la-teU a. [scutella, Lat.] Divided into small surfaces. Woodward. SCU'TIFORM, sku-te-fSrm. a. [scutiformis, Lat.] Shaped like a shield. SCU'TTLE §, skut'-tl. 405. n. s. [scutella, Lat. ; scu- tell, Celt. ; rcufctel, Sax.] A wide, shallow basket, so named from a dish or platter which it resembles in form. Tusser. A small grate. Mortimer, [esco- tillon, Span.] A hole in the deck to let down into the ship Minsheu. [from scud.'] A quick pace ; a short run; a pace of affected precipitation. Specla- i tor. To SCU'TTLE*, skut'-tl. v. a. To cut holes in the | [ deck or sides of a ship, when stranded or overset and continuing to float on the surface.. Chamb&s. To SCU'TTLE, skut'-tl. v.n. [from scud or scuddU. To run with affected precipitation. Arbuthnot. SCYTHE*. See Sithk. To SCYTHE*. See To Sithe. To SDAIN*, I ,i { »■ «• [sdegnare, Ital.] To To SDE1GN, \ Zflune - j disdain. Spenser. Ob. T SDAIN*, zdanc. n. s. Disdain. Spenser. SDETGNFUL, zdane'-ffil. a. Disdainful. Spenser. SEA §, se. n. s. [p se, Sax. ; see, or zee, Dutch.] The ocean ; the water, opposed to the land. Shak. A collection of water; a lake. St. Matilvew, iv. Pro- verbially for a'ny large quantity. K. Charles. Any thing rough and tempestuous. Milton. — Half seas over. Half drunk. Spectator. SEA is often used in composition, as will appear in the following examples. SEABA'NK*, se'-bank. n. s. [sea and bank] The seashore. Shak. A fence to keep the sea within bounds. SE'ABAR, se'-bar. n. s. [sea and bar.] The sea swallow. SE'ABAT*. se'-bat. n.s. [sea and bat] A sort of fly- ing fish. Cotgrave. SEABA'THED* se'-baTHd. a. Bathed or dipped in the sea. Sandys. SEABE'AST*, se'-beest. n. s. A large or monstrous animal of the sea. Milton. SE'ABEAT, se'-bete. )a. Dashed by the SEABE'ATEN*, se'-be-tn. $ waves of the sea Spenser. SE'ABOARD*, se'-b6rd. ad. Towards the sea : a naval word. SE'ABOAT, se'-b6te. n. s. Vessel capable to be-ar the sea. Arbuthnot. SE'ABORD* se'-bord. ) a. Border- SEABO'RDERING*, se-bSr'-dur-fng. $ ing on the sea. Spenser. SE'ABORN, se'-bdrn. a. Born of the sea; produced by the sea. Waller. SE'ABOUND*, se'-bfiftnd. )a. Bounded by SEABO'UNDED*, se'-b&und-e'd. $ the sea. Mir- ror for Magistrates. SE'ABOY, se'-boe. n. s. Boy employed on ship- board. SImkspeare. SE'ABREACH, se'-bretsh. n. s. Irruption of the sea by breaking the banks. V Estrange. SE'ABREEZE, se'-breze. n.s. Wind blowing from the sea. Mortimer. SE'ABUILT, se'-bilt. a. Built for the sea. Dryden. SEACA'BBAGE, se-kab'-bldje. n. s. Seacolewort - a plant. Miller. SE'ACALF, se-kaf . n. s. [sea and calf.] The seal. Grew. SE'ACAP, se'-kap. n. s. Cap made to be worn on ship-board. Shakspeare. SEACARD*, se'-kard. n. s. The mariner's card. Bp. Morton. SE'ACARP, se'-kaxp. n. s. A spotted fish that lives among stones and rocks. SE'ACHAjNGE* se'-tshanje. n. s. Change effected by the sea. Shakspeare. SE'ACHART, se-karf. [se'-tshart, Perry, Jones, Fulton, and Knight.] [See Chart.] n. s. Map in which only the coasts are delineated. Waits. SE'ACIRCLED*, se'-ser-kl'd. a. Surrounded by the sea. Sandys. SE'ACOAL, se'-kole. n. s. Coal, so called, not be- cause found in the sea, but because brought to Lon- don by sea ; pitcoal. Shakspeare. SE'ACQAST, se-koste'. n. s. Shore ; edge of the sea. Spenser. SE'ACOB, se'-kcb. n. s. A bird, called also seagull. SEACO'MPASS, se-kfim'-pas. n. s. The card and needle of mariners. Camden. SE'ACOOT, se'-koot n. s. Sea-fowl, like the moor- hen. SEACO'RMORANT, se-kdr'-mo-rant. )n.s.A sea- SE'ADRAKE, se'-drake. \ crow SE'ACOW, se-k6u'. n. s. [sea and cow.] The mana- tee, a very bulky animal of the cetaceous kind. HiU. 815 SEA SEA tO 3 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat ;— me, m& ;— pine, pm ; SEACROW*. se'-kro. n. 5. The seagull. SEADOG, se-dog'. n. s. [sea and dog.] Perhaps the shark. Roscommon. SEADRA'GON*, se'-drag'-fin. n. s. A seafish, called also the viner. Cotgrave. SE AEAR, se'-eer. n. s. [from sea and ear.] A sea- plant. SL AEEL*, se'-eel. n.s. [rae-eel, Sax.] The conger. SEAENCIRCLED*, se'-en-seV-kl'd. a. Surround- ed by the sea. Tlwmson. SEAFA'RER, se'-fa-r&r. n. s. [sea and fare.] A traveller by sea ; a mariner. Carew. SEAFA'RING, se'-fa-rmg. 410. a. Travelling by sea. Shakspeare. SEAFENNEL, se-feV-nu'. 99. n. s. The same with samphire. SEAFIGHT, se-flte'. n.s. Battle of ships ; battle on the sea. Bacon. SEAFISH*, se'-ffsh. n. s. [ r 3e-pipca r , Sax.] Fish that live in the sea. SEAFOWL, se-f6uF. n. s. Birds that live at sea. Derham. SEAGARLAND*, se'-gar-land. n. s. An herb. SEAGIRDLES, se'-ger-dlz. n. s.pl. A sort of sea- mushrooms. SEAGIRT, se'-ggrt. a. Girded or encircled by the j SEAGOD*, se'-god. n. s. One of the fabulous dei- ties of the sea. Drayton. SEAGOWN*, se ; -g6un. n. s. A mariner's short- sleeved gown. Shakspeare. SEAGRASS, se'-gras. n. s. An herb growing on the seashore. SEAGREEN, se'-green. a. Resembling the colour of the distant sea; cerulean. Locke. SEAGREEN, se'-green. n.s. Saxifrage : a plant. SEAGULL, se-g&K. n. s. [sea and gull.] A bird common on the sea-coasts, of a light gray colour ; sometimes called the seacrow. Bacon. SEAHE'DGEHOG, se-hedje'-hog. n. s. A kind of sea shell fish. Carew. SEAHOG, se-ho£ The porpus. >ff', SEAHOLLY,seMi6l-le. n. s. A plant. Miller. SEAHOLM, se'-holm. n.s. [sea and Jwlm.] A small, uninhabited island. Seaholly : a kind of seaweed. Carew. SEAHORSE, se-h6rse'. n. s. A fish of a very sin- gular form, and of the needle-fish kind, about four or five inches in length, and nearly half an inch in diameter in the broadest part. Hill. The morse. Woodward. The medical and the poetical sea- horse seem very different. By the seahorse Dry- den means probably the hippopotamus. Dryden. SEALIKE*, se'-like. a. [rse-hc ; Sax.] Resembling the sea. Thomson. SEAMAID, se'-made. n. s. A mermaid. Shak. A water- nymph. P. Fletcher. SEA MALL*, se'-mal. n. s. A kind of seagull. SEAMAN, se'-man. 88. n.s. free-man, Sax.) A sailor; a navigator; a mariner. Denham. Mer- man ; the male of the mermaid. Locke. SEAMANSHIP*, se'-man-shlp. n. s. Naval skill; good management of a ship. Burke. SEAMARK, se'-mark. n. s. [sea and mark.] Point or conspicuous place distinguished at sea, and serving the mariners as directions of their course. Spenser. SEAMEW, se-mu'. n. s. [sea and mew.] A fowl that frequents the sea. Milton. SEA MONSTER, se-mons'-tGr. n. s. Strange ani- mal of the sea. Lam. iv. SEAMOSS, se'-mos. n. s. [sea and moss.] Coral, which grows in the sea like a shrub, and, being taken out, becomes hard like a stone. Draijton. SEANA'VELWORT, se-na'-v'l-wurt. n.s. An herb growing in Svria. SEANE'TTLE*, se-net'-tl. n. s. A sort of fish, re- sembling a lump of stiff jelly. Chambers. SEANYMPH, se-nlmF . n. s. Goddess of the sea. Broome. SEAONION, se-un'-yun. n. s. An herb. Ains- worth. SEAOOSE, se-ooze'. n. s. [sea and oose.] The mud in the sea or shore. Mortimer. SEAPAD, se'-pad. n. s. The star fish. SEAPANTHER, se-pan'-Mr. n. s. A fish like a lamprey. SEAPIECE, se'-peese. n. s. A picture representing any thing at sea. Addison. SEAPOOL, se'-pSSl. n. s. A lake of salt watei Spenser. SEAPORT, se'-port. n. s. A harbour. Sliakspeare. SEARESEMBLING*, se'-re-zem'-blmg. a. Sea like. Sandys. SE'ARISK/se'-rfsk. n.s. Hazard at sea. Arhuthnot SEARO'BBER*, se-rob'-bur. n.s. A pirate ; a sea thief. Milton. SEAROCKET, se'-r6k-k?L n. s. A plant. Miller. SEAROOM, se'-rSdm. n. s. Open sea; spacious main. Bacon. SEARO'VER, se'-ro-vur. n. s. A pirate. Milton. SE ARUFF, se'-ruf. n. s. [sea and ruff.] A kind of seafish. SEASE'RPENT, se'-ser-pgnt. n. s. A water serpent; an adder. SEASE'RVICE, se'-ser-vis. n. s. Naval war. Swift SEASHA'RK, se-sbark'. n. s. A ravenous seafish. Sliaksneare. SEASHELL, se-sheF. n.s. Shells found on the shore. Mortimer. SE' ASHORE, se-shore'. n. s. The coast of the sea. Dryden. SEASICK, se'-sik. a. Sick, as new voyagers on the sea. Shaksveare. SEASFDE/se-slde'. n. s. The edge of the sea. Jud. vii. SEASU'RGEON, se'-s&r-jun. n. s. A chirurgeon employed on shipboard. Wiseman. SEASURROU'NDED, se-sur-round'-eU a. Er.cir- cled by the sea. Pope. SEATE'RM, se y -term. n.s. Word of art used by the seamen. Pope. SEATHI'EF* sh'-thkM. n. s. [j-aa-Seop, Sax.] A pirate. Bp. of Chichester. SEATOAD*, se'-tc-de. n.s. [sea and toad.] An ugly seafish so named. Cotgrave. SEATORN*, se'-t6rn. a. Torn by the sea. Browne. SEATOST*, se'-tost. a. Tossed by the sea. Shak. SEAWA'LLED*, se'-wald. a. SuiTounded by the sea. Sliakspeare. SEAWARD*, se'-ward. a. [sea, and peajib, Sax.] Directed towards the sea. Donne. SEAWARD, se'-ward. ad. Towards the sea. Dray ton. SE AWA'TER, se'-wa-tur. n. s. The salt water of the sea. Bacon. SEA WITH WIND. se'-wM-wlnd. n. s. Bindweed. SEAWO'RMWOOD, se'-wftrm-wud. n. s. A sort of wormwood that grows in the sea. SEAWORTHY*, se'-wur-THe. a. Fit to go to sea . applied to a ship. SEAL, sole. 227. n. s. (jeol, yele, Sax.; seel, Dan.] The seacalf. Carew. SEAL §, sele. n. s. []-i#el, Sax. ; sigillum, Lat.] A stamp engraved with a particular impression, which is fixed upon the wax that closes letters, or affixed as a testimony. Locke. The impression made in wax. Shak. Any act of confirmation Milton. To SEAL, sele. v. a. To fasten with a seal. Shak. To confirm or attest by a seal. Shak. To confirm; to ratify; to settle. Rom. xv. To shut; to close Bacon. To make fast. Milton. To mark with a stamp. Shakspeare. To SEAL, sele. v. n. To fix a seal. Neh. ix. SEALER, se'-lfir. 98. n.s. One that seals. Huloet. SEALING*, se'-lmg. n. s. Act of sealing. Nehem. x SE ALINGWAX, se'-llng-waks. n. s. Hard wax used to seal loiters. Boyle. SEAM§, seme. 227. n. s. [yearn, Sax.] The suture where the two edges of cloth are sewed together. Dryden. The juncture of planks in a ship. Dry- den. A cicatrix; a scar. A measure ; a vessel 11* which things are held ; eight bushels of corn. Ai'ts 816 SEA SEC — no, move, nSr, n&t 5— tube, tub, bull ;— 611 ;— pound ;— th'm, mis. worth. — Seam of glass. A quantity of glass, weigh- ing 120 pounds, [feme, Sax. 3 saim, Welsh.] Tal- low ; grease ; hog's lard. Shakspeare. To SEAM, s6me. v. a. To join together by suture, or otherwise. To mark 5 to scar with a long cica- trix. Pope. SEAMLESS, seme'-les. a. Having no seam. Bp. Hall. SEAMRENT, seme'-rent. n. s. [seam and rent.] A separation of any thing where it is joined 3 a breach of the stitches. SF/AMSTRESS, sem'-strgs. 234, 515. n. s. [yeam- ]*ope, Sax.] A woman whose trade is to sew. Often written sempstress. Cleaveland. SE'AMY, se'-me. a. Having a seam 5 showing the scam. Sliakspeare. SEAN, sene. n. s. [reftne, Sax.] A net. Sandys. SE'APOY* se'- P 6e. See Sepoy. SEAR, sere. 227. a. [reajnan, Sax.] Dry 3 not any longer green. See Sere. Sliakspeare. To SEAR §, sere. v. a. [yeapian, Sax.] To burn; to cauterize. 1 Tim. iv. To wither; to dry. Sliak. To SEARCE §, serse. v. a. [sasser, Fr.] To sift finely. Boyle. SEARCE, serse. 234. n. s. [sas, Fr.] A sieve } a bolter. Sherwood. SEARCER, seV-sur. n. s. One who sifts or bolts corn. Cotcrrare. To SEARCH §, sertsh. 234. v. a. [chercher, Fr.] To examine; to try 3 to explore 5 to look through. Num. xiii. To inquire 3 to seek for. MiUon. To probe as a chirurgeon. Wiseman. — To search met. To find bv seeking. Deut. i. To SEARCH, sgrtsh. v. n. To make a search ; to look for something. Shak. To make inquiry. Mil- ton. To seek ; to try to find. Locke. SEARCH, seVtsh. n. s. Inquiry by looking into every suspected place. Milton. Examination. Locke. In- quiry; act of seeking. Shak. Quest; pursuit. Shak. SEARCHABLE* sertsh'-a-bl. a. That may be ex- plored. Cotgrave. SEARCHER, sertsh'-ilr. n. s. Examiner; trier. Bar. iii. Seeker; inquirer. Prior. Officer in London appointed to examine the bodies of the dead, and report the cause of death. Graunt. SEARCHING* sgrtsh'-kg. n.s. Examination; in- quisition. Judges, v. SEARCHLESS*, serlsh'-lgs. a. Avoiding or es- caping search ; inscrutable. SEARCLOTH, sere'-klotfi. n. s. [yapclao 1 , Sax.] A plaster; a large plaster. Mortimer. SE'AREDNESS*, sere'-gd-nes. n. s. State of being seared or cauterized : from the practice of sur- geons who apply burnings in order to heal corrupt flesh, which becomes afterwards insensible 3 hence, figuratively, insensibility. Bp. Hall. SE'ASON §, se'-z'n. 227, 443. n. s. [saison, Fr.] One of the four parts of the year, spring, summer, au- tumn, winter. Sluik. A time, as distinguished from others. Mi/ton. A fit time; an opportune occur- rence. Milton. A time not very long. . SJiak. That which gives a high relish. Shakspeare. To SE'ASON, se'-z'n. 170. v. a. [assaissonner , Fr.] To mix with food any thing that gives a high rel- ish. Lev. ii. To give a relish to ; to recommend by something mingled. Tillotson. To qualify by admixture of another ingredient. Shak. To im- bue 3 to tinge or taint. Milton. To fit for any use by time or habit ; to mature. SJutkspeare. To SE'ASON, se'-z'n. w. n. To become mature ; to grow fit for any purpose. Moxon. To betoken ; to savour. Beaumont and Fletcher. SE'ASONABLE, se'-z'n-a-bl. 405. a. Opportune ; happening or done at a proper time ; proper as to time. Ecclus. v. SE'ASONABLENESS, se'-z'n-a-bl-ne's. n. s. Op- portuneness of time ; propriety with regard to time. Bp. Hall. SEASONABLY, se'-z'n-a-ble. ad. Properly, with respect to time. Sprat. SE'ASON AGE* se'-z'n-Mje. n. s. Seasoning j sau.^e. South. SE'ASONER, se'-z'n-ur. 98. n. s. He who season* or gives a relish to any thing. SEASONING, se'-z'n-lng. 410. n.s. That which is added to any thing to give it a relish. Bacon. SEAT §, sete. 227. n. s. [sedes, Lat. ; se«,old Germ.] A chair, bench, or any thing on which one may sit. Milton. Chair of state ; throne ; post of authority ; tribunal. Shak. Mansion 5 residence; dwelling; abode. Raleigh. Situation; site. Raleigh. To SEAT, sete. v. a. To place on seats ; to cause to sit down. Arbuthnot. To place in a post of au thority, or place of distinction. Shak. To fix in any particular place or situation ; to settle. Raleigh. To fix; to place firm. Shakspeare. To SEAT*, sete. v. n. To rest ; to he down Speri ser. Ob. T. STAVES $*, seevz. n. s. Rushes. Ray. SEAVY*, se'-ve. a. Overgrown with rushes : as seavy ground. Ray. SEBA'CEOUS*, se-ba'-shiis. 357. a. [sebaceus, Lat.] Made of tallow; belonging to tallow. SE'CANT, se'-kant. n. s. [secavs, Lat.; secante, Fr.] [In geometry.] The right line drawn from the cen- tre of a circle, cutting and meeting with anothei line called the tangent without it. Bp. Berkeley. To SECE'DE §, se-seed'. v. n. [secedo, Lat.] To with- draw from fellowship in any affair. SECEDER, se-seed'-ur. 98. n. s. One who discov ers his disapprobation of any proceedings by with- drawing himself. To SECE'RN,se-seW. v. a. [secerno, Lat.] To sep arate finer from grosser matter ; to make the sep» ration of substances in the body. Bacon. SECE'SS*, se-seV. n. s. [secessus, Lat.] Retiremen retreat. More. SECE'SSION, se-sesh'-fln. n. s. [secessio. Lat.] The act of departing. Brown. The act of withdrawing from councils or actions. Bp. Hall. SE'CLE, se'-kl. n. s. [siecle, Fr. ; seculum, Lat.] A century. Hammond. Ob. J. To SECLU'DE §, se-klude'. v. a. [secludo, Lat] To confine from ; to shut up apart 3 to exclude. Whit gift. SECLU'SION*, s^-klu'-zhun. n.s. A shutting out "Separation 3 exclusion. Warton. SE'COND §, sek'-kund. 166. a. [second, Fr.; sectm- dus, Lat.] The next in order to the first 3 the or- dinal of two. Dry den. Next in value or dignity inferiour. Bacon. SECOND-HAND, sek'-kund-hand. 525. n. s. Pos- session received from the first possessor. SECOND-HAND is sometimes used adjectively. Not original ; not primary. Locke. At SECOND-HAND, ad' In imitation 3 in the sec- ond place of order ; by transmission 3 not prima- rily ; not originally. Temple. SE'COND, sek'-kund. n.s. [second, Fr.] One who accompanies another in a duel to direct or defend him. Drayton. One who supports or maintains. Wotton. A second minute, the second division of an hour by sixty ; the sixtieth part of a minute. Wilkins. To SE'COND, sek'-kund. v. a. [seconder, Fr.] To support 3 to forward 3 to assist 5 to come in after the act as a maintainer. Hooker. To follow in the next place. Shakspeare. SECOND Sigld, sek-kund-slle'. n. s. The power of seeing things future, or things distant : supposed inherent in some of the Scottish islanders. Addison. SECOND Sighted, sek-kund-sl'-ted. a. Having the second sight. Addison. SE'COND ARILY, sek'-kun-da-re-le. ad. In the sec- ond degree ; in the second order ; not primarily ; not originally ; not in the first intention. Digby. SE'COND ARINESS, selc'-kun-da-re-nes. n. s. 'The state of being secondary. Norris. SE'CONDARY§, s£k'-kun-da-re. a. [secondaire, old Fr. ; secundarius, Lat.] Not primary ; not of the first intention. Bacon. Succeeding to the first- subordinate. Benlley. Not of the first order or rate. Bentley. Acting by transmission or deputa- tion. Milton. A secondary fever is that which 817 SEC SEP \EF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— arises after a crisis, or the discharge of some mor- bid matter, as, after the declension of the small- pox or measles. Quincy. SECONDARY, s&c'-kcin-da-re. n. s. A delegate j a deputv. Warion. SECONDER*, sek'-kund-fir. n.s. One who sup- ports or maintains the proposition or assertion made by another. Burke. SECONDLY, seV-kund-le. ad. In the second place. JOjCCtUS X X L 1 SECONDRATE, sel-k&nd-rate'. n.s. The second order in dignity or value. Addison. It is some- times used adjectively; of the second order. D'-yden. SECRECY, se'-kre-se. n.s. Privacy ; state of being hidden; concealment. Shak. Solitude; retire- ment ; not exposure to view. Milton. Forbearance of discovery. Hooker. Fidelity to a secret ; taci- turnity inviolate ; close silence. Shakspeare. SECRET se'-krit. 99. a. [secretus, Lat.] Kept hid- den ; not revealed ; concealed. Deut. xxix. Re- tired ; private; unseen. Milton. Faithful to a secret intrusted. Slunk. Private; affording priva- cy. Milton. Occult; not apparent. Milton. Privy; obscene. SECRET, se'-krft. n. s. [Fr. ; secretum, Lat.] Some- thing studiously hidden. Ezek. xxviii. A thing unknown ; something not yet discovered. Arbuth- not. Privacy; secrecy; invisible or undiscover- ed state. Prov. ix. To SECRET, se'-krft. v. a. To keep private. Bacon. SECRETARY, seV-kre-ta-re. n. s. [secretaire, Fr.; secretarius, low Lat.] One intrusted with the man- agement of business ; one who writes for another. Bacon. SECRETARYSHIP, sek'-kre-ta-re-shfp. n.s. The office of a secretary. Swift. To SECRE'TE §, se-krete-C v. a. [secretus, Lat.] To put aside ; to hide. [In the animal economy.] To secern ; to separate. fsECRE'TION, se-kre'-shfin. n.s. [old Fr.] That agency in the animal economy that consists in separating the various fluids of the body. The fluid secreted. SECRETIST, se'-kre-tlst. n. s. A dealer in secrets. Boyle. SECRETFTIOUS, sek-re-lish'-us, 530. a. Parted by animal secretion. Floyei\ SECRETLY, se'-krlt-le. ad. Privately; privily; not openly ; not public.kly ; with intention not to be known. Shak. Latently ; so as not to be obvious ; not apparently. Dryden. SECRETNESS, se'-krit-nes. n. s. State of being- hidden ; privacy ; concealment. Bale. Quality of keeping a secret. Donne. SECRETORY, se-kre'-t&r-e. 512. a. Performing the office of secretion, or animal separation. Ray. SECT§, sekt. n.s. [secte,Fr. ; secta,Lat.] A body of men following some particular master, or united in some settled tenets. Bacon, [sectus, Lat.] What the gardeners of later times call a cutting. Shak. SECTARIAN*, sek-ta/-re-an. a. Belonging to sec- taries. Glanville. SECTARIANISM*, sek-tA'-re-an-izm. n. s. Secta- rism. Daubeny. SE'CTARISM, sek'-ta-rlzm. n. s. Disposition to pet- ty sects in opposition to things established. King Charles. SECTARIST*, sek'-ta-rfct. n.s. A sectary; one who divides from publick establishment. Warton. SECTARY, sek'-ta-re. n. s. [sectaire, Fr.] One who divides from publick establishment, and joins v/ith those distinguished by some particular whims. Bacon. A follower; a pupil. Spenser. SECTA'TOR, sek-uV-tfir.521. n.s. [Lat.] A follow- er ; an imitator ; a disciple. Raleigh. SECTION, sek'-shun. n, s. [Fr. ; sectio, Lat.] The act of cutting or dividing. Woiton. A part divided from the rest. A small and distinct part of a writing or book. Hooker. SECTOR, sek'-tar. 166. n.s. [In geometry.] An in- strument made of wood or metal, with a joint, and sometimes a piece to turn out to make a true square, with lines of sines, tangents, secants, equal parts rhombs, polygons, hours, latitudes, metals, and solids. Harris. SECULAR §, sek'-ku-lur. 88. a. [secularis, Lat.] Not spiritual ; relating to affairs of the present world ; not holy ; worldly. Hooker. [In the church of Rome.] Not bound by monastick rules. Temple, [seculaire, Fr.] Happening or coming once in a secle, or century. Addison. SECULAR*, sek'-ku-lfir. n. s. Not a spiritual per- son ; a layman. Hales. An ecclesiastick, in the Romish church, not bound by monastick rules. SECULA'RITY, sek-ku-lar'-e-te. n. s. [secukxrite, Fr.] Worldliness; attention to the things of the present life. Burnet. SECULARIZATION*, sek-ku-lar-e-za'-shfin. n.s. Act of secularizing. Chambers. To SECULARIZE . sek'-ku-la-rlze. v. a. [seculariser, Fr.] To convert from spiritual appropriations to coHKnon use. To make worldly. SECULARLY, sek'-ku-hV-le. ad. In a worldly manner. SECULARNESS, sek'-ku-lur-nes. n.s. Worldli- ness. SECUNDIN'E, seV-kfin-dlne. 149. n.s. [secondiiies Fr.] The membrane in which the embryo is wrap- ped ; the after-birth. Bacon. SECU'RE §, se-kure'. a. [securus, Lat.] Free from fear; exempt from terrour; easy; assured. Milton. Confident ; not distrustful. Dryden. Sure ; not doubting. Rogers. Careless; wanting caution; wanting vigilance. Judges. Free from danger; safe. Milton. To SECU'RE, se-kure'. v. a. To make certain; to put out of hazard ; to ascertain. Milton. To pro- tect ; to make safe. Dryden. To ensure. SECU'RELY, se-kure'-le. ad. Without fear; care- lesslv. Spenser. Without danger ; safely. Dryden SECU'REMENT, se-kure'-ment. n.s. The cause of safety ; protection ; defence. Brown. SECU'RENESS*, se-kme'-nes. n.s. Want of vigil- ance ; carelessness. Bacon. j SECU'RITY, se-kiV-re-te. n. s. [securite, Fr. ; secu- ritas, Lat.] Carelessness; freedom from fear. Hay- ward. Vitious carelessness ; confidence ; want of vigilance. Dacies. Protection ; defence. Tillotson. Any thing given as a pledge or caution; ensurance; assurance of any thing ; the act of giving caution, or being bound. Acts, xvii. Safety; certainty. Swift. SEDA'N, se-dan'. n. s. A kind of portable coach ; a chair : first made at Sedan. Dryden. SEDA'TE §, se-date'. a. [sedat?/s, Lat.] Calm ; quiet; still ; unruffled ; undisturbed ; serene. Dryden. SEDATELY, se-dateMe. ad. Calmly; without dis- turbance. Locke. SEDA'TENESS, se-datc'-nes. n.s. Calmness ; tran- quillity; serenity; freedom from disturbance. Ad- dison. SEDA'TION*, se-da/-shun. n.s. Act of composing. Coles. SETMTIVE* sgd'-a-tlv. a. \sedatif, Fr.] Assuag- ing; composing. SEDENTARINESS, sgd'-den-ta-re-nes. n.s. The state of being sedentary ; inactivity. L. Addison. SE ; DENTARY§, sed'-den-ta-re. a. [sedentaire, Fr. ; sedentario, Ital. ; sedentarius, Lat.] Passed in sit- ting still; wanting motion or action. Harvey. Tor- pid; inactive; sluggish; motionless. Milton. $^= We sometimes hear this word with the accent on the second syllable ; but I find this pronunciation only in Buchanan. " Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick,Mr. Perry, Bailey, Bar- clay, Fonning, Entick, and Smith, place the accent on the first syllable. W. SEDGE §, sedje. n.s. [yeCg, Sax.] A growth of narrow flags ; a narrow flag. Shakspeare. SE'DGED*, sedjd. a. Composed of flags. Shak. SE'DGY, sed'-je. a. Overgrown with narrow flags. Shakspeare. SE'DIMENT, seW-e-ment. n.s. [Fr.; sedimenium, Lat.] That which subsides or settles at the bottom . Bacon. 818 SEE SEE — n6, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — p6find; — thm, THis. SEDI'TION §, se-dish'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; seditio, Lat.] A tumult ; an insurrection ; a popular commotion 5 an unroar. Shakspeare. SEpi'tlONARY*, se-dlsh'-un-a-re. n.s. An in- citer to sedition ; a promoter of insurrection. Bp. Hall. SEDITIOUS, se-dlsh'-fis. a. [sedition, Lat.] Fac- tious with tumult ; turbulent. Shakspeare. SEDITIOUSLY, se-dish'-Os-le. ad. Tumultously ; with factious turbulence. Bp. Bancroft. SEDI'TIOUSNESS, se-dish'-us-nes. n.s. Turbu- lence ; disposition to sedition. To SEDU'CE §, se-duse'. 0. a. {seduco, Lat.] To draw aside from the right ; to tempt ; to corrupt 3 to deprave; to mislead; to deceive. 1 Tun. iv. SEDU' CEMENT. se-duse'-ment. n. s. Practice of seduction ; art or means used in order to seduce. Milton. SEDU'CER, se-du'-sur. 98. n.s. One who draws aside from the right ; a tempter 3 a corrupter. South. SEDU'CIBLE, se-du'-se-bl. 405. a. Corruptible ; ca- pable of being- drawn aside from the right. Brown. SEDUCTION, se-d&k'-shun. ?i.s. [Fr. ; seductus, Lat.] The act of seducing; the act of drawing aside. Hammond. SEDU'CTIVE* se-duk'-fiv. a. Apt to seduce; apt to mislead. Sheridan. SEDU'LITY, se.-dtV-le.-te. n.s. [sedul.itas, Lat.] Diligent assiduity; laboriousness ; industry; appli- cation ; intenseness of endeavour. Hooker. SE'DULOUS §, sed'-u-lus, or sed'-ju-lus. 293, 294, 376. a. [sedulus, Lat.] Assiduous ; industrious ; la- borious; diligent; painful. Milton. SE'DULOUSLY, sed'-du-lfis-le. ad. Assiduously; industriously; laboriously; diligently; painfully. Gov. of the Tono-ue. SE'DULOUSNESS, s^d'-du-lus-n^s. n.s. Assidui- ty; assiduousness; industry; diligence. Boyle. SEE, see. 246. n. s. [sedes, Lat.] The seat of episco- pal power; the diocess of a bishop : formerly, the seat of power, in a general sense. Bacon. To SEE §, see. v. a. preter. I saw ; part. pass. seen. [reon, Sax. ; sien. Dutch.] To perceive by the eye. Shak. To observe; to find. Genesis, xli. To discover; to descry. Shak. To converse with. Locke. To attend ; to remark. Addison. To SEE, see. v. n. To have the power of sight ; to have by the eye perception of things distant. Ex. iv. To discern without deception. Tillotson. To inquire ; to distinguish. Shak. To be attentive. Shak. To scheme ; to contrive. Shakspeare. To SEE to* To behold ; to look at. Joshua, xxii. SEE, see. interjection. Lo! look ! observe ! behold ! Halifax. * SEED§, seed. 246. n.s. [rseb, Sax. ; seed, Dan.; saed, Dutch.] The organized particle produced by! plants and animals, "from which new plants and i animals are generated. Bacon. First principle;! original. Hooker. Principle of production. Waller. j Progeny ; offspring ; descendants. Locke. Race ; generation ; birth. Waller. To SEED, s£ed. 7;. n. To grow to perfect maturit}' so as to shed the seed. Swift. To shed the seed. Lute. SEEDCAKE, seed'-kake. n. s. A sweet cake in- terspersed with warm aromatick seeds. Tusser. SEE'DED*, seed'-ed. a. Bearing seed ; covered I thick with seeds. Fletcher. Interspersed as with seeds. B. Jonson. SEE'DER*, seed'-ur. n.s. [ r sebep.e, Sax.] One who sows. SEE'DLING, seedMrng. 410. n. s. A young plant just risen from the seed. Evelyn. SEE'DLIP, seed'-llp. )n.s. [raeb-laep, Sax.] A SEE'DLOP, seed'-l6p. \ vessel in which the sower carries his seed, Ainsworth. SEE'DNESS, seed'-n£s. n.s. Seedtime; the time of sowing. Shakspeare. SEE'DPEARL, seed-perl', n.s. Small grains of pearl. Boifle. SEE'DPLOT, seed-plot n. s. The ground on which je. xiattign, IL, seel. ) n. s. The agitation of a ship yLING, see'-lfng. \ in foul weather. Sandys. LL*, seel. n. s. [reel, Sax.] Season ; time. Ray. plants are sowed to be afterwards transplanted. B. Jonson. SEE'DSMAN, seedz'-man. 88. n. s. The sower ; he that scatters the seed. Shak. One that sells seeds. SEE'DTIME, seedMlme. n. s. [raeb-fcima, Sax.] The season of sowing. Gen. viii. SEE'DY, seed'-e. 182. a. Abounding with seed. SEEING, seeing. 410. n.s. Sight; vision. Shak. SEE'ING, see'-lng. ) ad. [from see.] Since; SEE'ING that, see'-fng-THat. $ sith ; it being so that. Spenser. To SEEK §, seek. v. a. pret. I sought ; part. pass. sought. [pecan, Sax.] To look for; to search for. Shakspeare. To solicit; to endeavour to gain. St. Luke. xi. To go to find. Milton. To pursue by machinations. 1 Sam. xxiii. To SEEK, seek. 246. v.n. To make search; to make inquiry. Is. xxxiv. To endeavour. Milton. To make pursuit. Ps. lxxxvi. To apply to ; to use solicitation. 1 Kings. To endeavour after. Knolles. To SEEK, seek, [an adverbial mode of speech.] At a loss ; without measures, knowledge, or expe- rience. Spenser. SEE'KER, seek'-ur. 98. n.s. One that seeks; an in- quirer. Glanville. The name of a sect which pro- fessed no determinate religion. Bp. Hall. SEEKSO'RROAV, seek'-sor-r6. n. s. \seek and sor- row.'] One who contrives to give himself vexation. Sidney. To SEEL, seel. 246. v. a. [siller les yeux.] To close the eyes : a term of falconry, the eyes of a wild or haggard hawk being for a time seeled or closed. Sidney. To SEEL §, seel. v.n. [ryllan. Sax.] To lean onone side. Raleigh, SEEL, seel. SEE' SEEL*, SEE'LY, seeMe. a/[yseh^, "Sax.] Lucky; happy. Spenser. Silly ; foolish ; simple ; inoffensive. Spenser. To SEEM §, seem. 246. v. n. [saeman, Icel. ; zeimen, Germ.] To appear ; lo make a show ; to have . semblance. Slialcspeare. To have the appearance of truth. Dry den. Specious. Shak. — It seems. There is an appearance, though no reality. Black more. It is sometimes a slight affirmation. Addi~ son. It appears to be. Shakspeare. SEEMER, seem'-ur. 98. n.s. One that carries an appearance. Shakspeare. SEEMING, seem'-mg. 410. n. s. Appearance ; show; semblance. Shak. Fair appearance. Shakspeare Opinion. Hooker. SEE'MINGLY, seem'-fng-le. ad. In appearance; in show ; in semblance. Milton. SEE'MINGNESS, seem'-mg-n^s. n. s. Plausibility ; fair appearance. Digby. Simply, appearance. Bp. Taylor. SEE'MLESS*, seem'-l^s. a. Unseemly ; indecorous Spenser. SEE'MLILY*, seemMe-le. ad. Decently ; eomelily Huloet. SEE'MLINESS, seem'-le-ngs. n. s. Decency ; hand- someness ; comeliness ; grace ; beauty. Camden. SEE'MLY§, seem'-le. 182. a. [soommeligt, Dan.] Decent; becoming; proper; fit. Hooker. SEE'MLY, seem'-le. ad. In a decen manner ; in a proper manner. Pope. SEE'MLYHED*, seem'-le-hgd. n, s. Decent, come- ly appearance. Chaucer. SEEN, seen. 246. a. Skilled ; versed. Shakspeare. SEER, seer. n. s. [repepe, Sax.] One who sees. Addison. A prophet; one who foresees future events. Milton. SEER*, seer. a. [saer, Su. Goth.] Several. Ray. SEE'RWOOD, seer'-wud. n.s. See Sear, and Sere. SEE'SAW, se'-saw. n. s. [from saw.] A reciprocating motion. Pope. To SEE'SAW, se'-saw. v. n. To move with a re* ciprocatiug motion. Arbuthnot. SEL SEM 0= 559 —Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mSt ;— pine, pin : to separate a. Select. n. s. [Fr.] To SEETHE §, seeTH. 246. v. a. preterit I sod or seellied; part. pass, sodden, [reoo'an, Sax.] To boil 5 to decoct in hot liquor. 2 Kings, iv. To SEETHE, seeTH. 467. v. n. To be in a state of ebullition ; to be hot. Spenser. SEE'THER, seeTH'-fir. 98. n. s. A boiler; a pot. Dryden. SEG*, sgg. n. s % [recS, Sax.] Sedge. Barret. SEGA-'R*, se-gar'. n.s. [cigarro, Span.] A little roll of tobacco, which the Spaniards smoke without a pipe. Twiss. SE'GMENT, seg'-ment. n. s. [Fr. ; segmenlum, Lat.] A figure contained between a chord and an arch of the circle, or so much of the circle as is cut off by that chord. Brown. SE'GNITY. seg'-ne-te. ) n. s. \segnitas, Lat.] SE'GNLTUDE*, seg'-ne-tude. ] Sluggishness; in activity. Bid. To SEGREGATE §, sgg'-gre-gate. v. Lat.; segreger, Fr.] To set apart; from others. Sherwood. SEGREGATE*, seg'-gre-gate. part Wotton. SEGREGATION, seg-gre-ga'-shftn. Separation from others. SJutkspeare. SE1GNEURIAL, se-ntV-re-al. 250. a. Invested with large powers ; independent. Temple. SEIGNIOR S, sene'-yur. 166. n.s. [senior, Lat.; seigneur, Fr. ; signore, Ital.] A lord. The title of honour given by Italians. See Sxgnior. SEFGNIORY, sene'-yur-re. 113. n. s. [seigneume, Fr.] A lordship ; a territory. Spenser. SE'IGNORAGE, sene'-yur-fdje. 90. n.s. [seigneu- riage, Fr.] Authority ; acknowledgement of pow- er. Locke. To SELGNORIZE, sene'-yur-lze. v. a. To lord over. Fairfax. SEINE $, sene. n. s. [ye^ne, Sax. ; seine. Fr.] A net used in fishing. See Sean. Carew. SELNER, se'-nur. n. s. A fisher with nets. Carew. SELZABLE* se'-za-bl. a. That may be seized ; liable to be seized. To SEIZES, seze. 250. v. a. [saisir, Fr.; seisia, Arm.] To take hold of; to gripe ; to grasp. Mil- ton. To take possession of by force. Milton. To take possession of; to la}' hold on; to invade sud- denly. Pope. To take forcible possession of by law. Camden. To make possessed ; to put in pos- session of. Spenser. To fasten ; to fix. Spenser. To SEIZE, seze. v. n. To fix the grasp or the power on any thing. SETZER*, se'-z&r. n. s. One who seizes. SEIZIN, or SE'ISIN, se'-zm. n. s. [saisine, Fr.] Is of two sorts : seisin in fact, and seism in law. Sei- sin in fact, is when a corporal possession is taken : seisin in law, is when something is done which the law accounteth a seisin ; as an enrolment. This is as much as a right to lands and tenements, though the owner be by wrong disseized of them. Cowel. The act of taking possession. Decay o/Chr. Piety. The things possessed. Hale. SEIZURE, se'-zhure. 450. n. s. The act of seizing. The thing seized. Milton. The act of taking forci- ble possession. Slia/c. Gripe; possession. Sliak. Catch. Watts. SE'JANT. a. [In heraldry.] Sitting. SEJU'NGIBLE*, se-jun'-je-bl. a. [sefungo, Lat.] Capable of being separated. Pearson. SEJU'NCTION*, se-jungk'-shun. n. s. _ [sejunctio, Lat.] The act of disjoining, or separating. Pear- son. SEKE*, seek. a. [feoc, Sax.] Sick. Cliaucer. SELCOUTH, sel'-koStfi. a. frelb, Sax. and couth.'] Rarelv known; uncommon. Spenser. SELDOM §, seT-dum. 166. ad. [relban, Sax.] Rare- ly ; not often ; not frequently. Hooker. SELDOM*, sel-dum. a. Rare; not frequent. Milton. SELDOMNESS, sel'-d&m-nes. n.s. Uncommon- ness; infiequency ; rareness; rarity. Hooker. SELDSHOWN, seld'-shone. a. [seld and shown.] Seldom exhibited to view. Sliakspcare. ToSELE'CT§, se-lekt'. v. a. [selectus, Lat.] To choose in preference to others rejected. Knotles. SELE'CT, se-lekt'. a. Nicely chosen ; choice ; culled out on account of superiour excellence. Milton. SELECTION, se-l§k'-shun. n. s. {selectio, Lat.] The act of culling or choosing; choice. Brown. SELE'CTNEBS, se-lekt'-ngs. n.s. The state of be- ing select. SELE'CTOR, se-leV-tfir. 166. n. s. One who selects. SE'LENITE*, seT-e-nlte. ; /*. s. [seUnites, Lat.] SE LENFTES*, seUe-nl'-tez. \ A sort of fossil. Bp. Nicholson. SELENFTICK*, sel-e-nlt'-tlk. a. Pertaining to sel- enites. Clwinihers. SELENOGRATHICAL, sel-le-n6-graf-e-kal. > SELENOGRA'PHICK, sel-le-n6-graf-?k. \ (K Belonging to selenography. SELENOGRAPHY, sel-le-nog'-graf-e. 518. n. s. [selenographie, Fr.; aeXr/vr} and ypd(j)u>, Gr.] A dp- scription of the moon. Brown. SELF $, self, pronoun, plur. selves, [silba, Gothick ; j*ylp, ]*ylpa, Sax. ; self, selve, Dutch.] Its pri mary signification seems to be that of an adjective : very; particular; this above others; sometimes. one's own. Shak. It is united both to the personal pronouns, and to the neutral pronoun it. and is al- ways added when they are used reciprocally, or return upon themselves : as, I did not hurt him, he hurt himself; The people hiss me, but 1 clap my- self. Milton. It is sometimes used emphatically in the nominative case : as, Myself will decide it. Compounded with him, a pronoun substantive, self is, in appearance, an adjective : joined to my, thy, our, your, pronoun adjectives, it seems a substan- tive. Milton. Myself, himself, tJiemselves, and the rest, may, contrary to the analogy of my, him, them, be used as nominatives. Dryden. It often adds only emphasis and force to the pronoun with which it is compounded : as, He did it himself. It signifies the individual, as subject to his own con- templation or action. Spenser. It is much used in composition : as, self-]ove, self-evident, &.c. SELFHEAL, s&P-heel. n. s. A plant. SELFISH, self-fsh. a. Attentive only to one's own interest ; void of regard for others. Addison. SELFISHLY, sSlf -ish-le. ad. With regard only to his own interest; without love of others. Pope. SELFISHNESS, s&P-Ish-nes. n. s. Attention to his own interest, without any regard to others ; self- love. Boyle. SELFNESS*, self-nes. n. s. Self-love ; selfishness. Sidney. SELFSAME, sglf-same. a. Exactly the same. Hooker. SELION. n. s. [selio, low Lat.] A ridge of land. Ainsworth. SELL, pronoun, [for self] B. Jonson. SELL. n. s. [selle, Fr. ; sella, Lat.] A saddle. Spen- ser. A royal seat; a throne. Fairfax. A sill. See Sill. To SELLS, sell. v. a. [j-yllan, faellan, Sax. ; selia, Icel.] To give for a price : the word correlative to buy ; to vend. Gen. xxxvii. To betray for money : as, He sold his country. Slmkspeai^e. To SELL, sSll. v. n. To have commerce or traffick with one. Shak. To be sold. Addison. SELLANDER, seF-lan-dur. 98. n.s. A dry scab in s a horse's hough or pastern. Ainsworth. SELLER, ser-l'Sr. 98. n. s. The person that sells ; vender. Shakspeare. SELVAGES, l^Y. v U\e 90 \ n ' s \ N^, and SELVEDGE $*, \ sel Vldje - JU> } perhaps salvia, Lat.] The edge of cloth where it is closed by com- plicating the threads. Exod. xxvi. SELVEDGED*, sel'-vldj'd. a. Hemmed; border- ed; welted. Cotgrare. SELVES, selvz. The plural of self. Locke. SE'MBLABLES, sem'-bla-bl. 405. a. [Fr.] Like} resembling. Shakspeare. SEMBL ABLY, seW-bla-ble. ad. With resemblance. Shakspeare. SE'MBLANCE, sem'-blanse. n.s. [Fr.] Likeness; SEM SEN -n6, move, nor, not;— tube, t&b, bull ;—3l ; — pound ;— thin, THis. resemblance ; similitude ; representation. Shak. Appearance ; show ; figure. Spenser. S£'jVlBLANT§,scm'-blaiit. a. [Fr.] Like; resem- bling-; having the appearance ef any thing. Prior. SEMBLANT, sem'-blant. n.s. Show; figure; re- semblance ; representation. Spenser. Ob. J. SE'MBLATIVE, sem'-bla-tlv. 512. a. Suitable; ac- commodate ; fit ; resembling. Sha/cspeare. To SE'MBLE, sem'-bl. 40.5. v. n. [sembler, Fr.] To represent; to make a likeness. Prior. SE'MI,s£m'-mh. 18% n. «. [Lat.] A word which,, used in composition, signifies half: as, semicircle, half a circle. SEMIA'NNULAR, slm-me-an'-nii-lar. a. \_semi and armttlus.'] Half round. Grew. SE'MIBREVE* sem'-me-breev. ) n. s. [semibreve,] SF/MIBRIEF, sem'-me-bref. S Fr.] A note of | half the quantity of a breve, containing two min- ims, four crotchets, &c. Mas. Die/.. SEMICPRCLE, seW-me-seVkl. n. s. [semicirmlus , Lat.] A half round ; part of a circle divided by the diameter. Sliakspeare. SEMICI'RCLED. sem-me-ser / -kld. ) 88, 359. SEpCI'RCyLAR, sem-me-seV-ku-lar. \ a. Half jKnd. Shak spear e. SffVlICO'LON, sem-me-ko'-lon. n.s. [semi, and kS- Xov.] Haifa colon; a point made thus [;] to note a greater pause tlian that of a comma. Lowth. SEMIDIA'METER, sem-me-dl-am'-e-tor. 98. n.s. [semi, and diameter.] Half the line which, drawn through the centre of a circle, divides it into two equal parts; a straight line drawn from the cir- cumference to the centre of a circle. More. SEMIDIAPHANE'ITY, sem-mc-di-a-fa-ne'-e-te. n. s. [semi, and diaphaneity.'] Half transparency ; imperfect transparency. Boyle. SEMIDIA'PHANOUS, sem-me-dl-af-fa-nus. a. Half transparent; imperfectly transparent. Wood- ward. SE'MIDOUBLE, sem'-me-dub-bl. n. s. [In the Romish breviary.] Such offices and feasts as are celebrated with less solemnity than the double ones, but yet with more than the single ones. Bailey. SEMIFLO'SCULOUS.sem-me-fkV-ku-lus. a. [semi and ftosadus. Lat.] Having a semifloret. Bailey. SE^MiFLORET^em'-me-flo-ret. n.s. [Among flo- rists.] A half flourish, which is tubulous at the be- ginning like a floret, and afterwards expanded in the form of a tongue. Baiter/. SEMIFLUID, sem-me-fliV-ld. a. Imperfectly fluid. Arbuthnot. SEMILUNAR, sem-me-liV-nar. 88. ) a. [semilu- SEMILU'NARY, sem-me-lii'-na-re. $ natre,Fr.; semi and tuna, Lat.] Resembling in form a half moon. Sir T. Herbert. SEMIMETAL, sem'-me-met-tl. n.s. Half metal ; imperfect metal. Hill. SE MINAL, seW-e-nal. 88. a. [seminal. Fr. ; seminis, Lat.] Belonging to seed. Contained in the seed ; radical. Glanville. SEMINAL* sem'-e-nal. n. Ob. T. SEMINA'LITY, sem-e-nai'-e-te. n. s. The nature of seed. Brown. The power of being produced. Brown. SEMINARIST* sem'-e-na-rlst. n. s. A Romish priest educated in a seminary. Sheldon.. To SE'MIN ARIZE*, seW-e-na-rlze. v. a. To sow or plant. Cockeram. Ob. T. SE'MINARY, sem'-e-na-re. 512. n. s. [seminaire, Fr. ; seminarium, Lat.] The ground where any thing is sown to be afterwards transplanted; seed- plot. Mortimer. The place or original stock whence any thing is brought. Woodward. Sem- inal state. Brown. Principle ; casualitv. Harvey. Breeding-place ; place of education, from whence scholars are transplanted into life. Bacon. A Ro- mish priest educated in a seminary ; a seminarist. B. Jonson. SEMINARY*, sem'-e-na-re. a. Seminal; belonging t i seed. Smith. 54 Seminal state. Br SEMINA'TION, sem-e-na'-sh&n. n.s. The act of sowing; the act of dispersing. Wotton. SE'MINED*, sem'-lnd. a. Thick covered as with seed". B. Jonson. SEMIMFICAL, sem-e-rnf-e-kal. ) a. [semen and SEMINFFICK, sem-e-nif'-'ik. 509. \ facio, Lat.] Productive of seed. Brown. SEMINIFICA'TION, sem-e-n?f-e-ka'-sh6n. n. s. The propagation from the seed or seminal parts. Hale. SEMIOPA'COUS, sem-me-6-pa'-kus. a. [semi and opaevs, Lat.] Half dark. Boyle. SEMIO'RDINATE, sem-me-or'-de-nate. n. s. [In conick sections.] A line drawn at right angles to, and bisected by, the axis, and reaching from one side of the section to another; the half of which is properly the semiordinate, but is now called the or- dinate. Harris. SEMIPE'DAL, se-mfp'-e-da!. 518. [sgm-me-pe'-dal . Sheridan and Perry.'] a. [semi and pedis, Lat.] Containing half a foot. SEMIPELLU'CID, sem-me-pel-lu'-sfd. a. [semi and pellucidus, Lat.] Half clear ; imperfectly transpa rent. Woodward. SEMIPERSPPCUOUS, sem-me-per-splk'-u-Ss. a [semi and perspicuus, Lat.] Half transparent; im perfectly clear. Grew. SE'MIPROOF, sem'-ine-proof. n.s. The proof of a single evidence. Bailev. SEMIQUADRATE, sem-me-kwa'-drat. 91. ) SEMIGJJA'RTILE, sem-me-kwar'-tll. 140. $ An aspect of the plane's when distant from each other forty-five degrees, or one sign and a half. Bailey. SEM1QJLVVER, sem'-me-kwa-ver. n.s. [In mu- sick.] A note containing half the quantity of the quaver. Bailey. SEMIQJjTNTILE, sem-me-kwm'-t?]. 140. n. s. An aspect of the planets when at the distance of thirty six degrees from one another. Bailey. SExMISE'XTILE, sem-me-seks'-vil. 140. n. s. A semisixth ; an aspect of the planets when they are distant from each other one-twelfth part of a circle, or thirty degrees. Bailey. SEMISP'HE'RICAL, sem-me-sfeV-re-kal. 88. a. Be- longing to half a sphere. Bailey. SEM1SPHEROIDAL, sem-me-sfe-roid'-al. a. Formed like a half spheroid. SEMITE'RTIAN, sem-me-ieV-shun. n. s. An ague compounded of a tertian and a quotidian. Ar- buthnot. SE'MITONE, sem'-me-tone. n. s. [semilon, Fr.] [In musick.] One of the degrees of concinnous inter- vals of concords. Bailey. SEMITRA'NSEPT*, sem-me-tran'-sept. n.s. The half of a transept. Wartan. SEMIVO'WEL, sem-me-v6u-?l. n. s. [semi, and vowel.] A consonant which makes an imperfect sound, or does not demand a total occlusion of the mouth. Broome. SE'MPERYIVE, seW-pnr-vlve. n. s. [semper and rirus, Lat.] A plant. Bacon. SEMPITERNAL §, sem-pe-teV-nal. a. [sempiternel, Fr. ; sempitern?is , Lat.] Eternal in futurity ; hav- ing beginning, but no end. Hale. In poetry it is used simply for eternal. Blackmore. SEMPITE'RNITY, sem-pe-tfr'-ne-te. n.s. [sempi temitas, Lat.] Future duration without end. Mir ror for Magistrates. SE'MSTER*^ sem'-stur. n. s. [j-eanvrfcjie, Sax.] One who sews, or uses a needle ; a sort of tailor. Boswell. SE'MSTRESS, sem'-stres. 515. n. s. [ r eam r t]ie, Sax. See Seamstress.] A woman whose business is to sew ; a woman who lives by her needle. Swift. Often written sempstress. SENS^ns. \ ad - Since< See SlNCE ' S P £nser - SE'NARY, seV-na-re. [See Granary.] a. [sena- rius, seni, Lat.] Belonging to the number six ; con- taining six. SE'NATE $, sen'-nat. 91. n.s. [senatus, Lat. ; senat, Fr.j j-enafc. Sax.] An assembly of counsellors} a 821. SEN SEN \FT 559.- -Fate, far fail fat;- — me, mel;- — pine , pin;— body of men set apart to consult for the publick good. Sliakspeare. SENATEHOUSE^en'-nat-hous. n.s. Place of pub- lick council. Shakspeare. SENATOR, sen'-na-t&r. 166. n. s. [Lat.] A pub- lick counsellor. Shakspeare. SENATORIAL, sen-na-t6'-re-al. ) a. [senaiorius, SENATO'RIAN, sen-na-t6'-re-an. \ Lat.J Belong- ing- to senators; befitting- senators. Johnson. a way becoming a senator. The of- solemn manner; Drwnmond. SENATORSHIP* sen'-na-tur-shrp. n. fice or dignity of a senator. Carew. To SEND §, send. v. a. pret. and part. pass. sent. [j-enban, Sax. ; senden, Dutch.] To despatch from one place to another : used both of persons and things. Esther, \\n. To commission by authority to go and act. Jer. xxiii. To transmit by another; n^t to bring. Acts, xi. To dismiss another as agent ; not to go. Milton. To grant as from a dis- tant place : as, if God send life. Gen. xxiv. To inflict, as from a distance. Deut. xxviii. To emit ; to immit ; to produce. Bacon. To diffuse ; to propagate. Milton. To let fly ; to cast or shoot. To SEND, send. ». n. To despatch a message. Kings. — To send for. To require by message to eome, or cause to be brought. Bacon. SE'NDAL*, seV-da.1. n. s. [cendalum, low Lat. ; cen- dal, Fr. and Span.] A sort of thin silk. Chaucer. SENDER, send'-ur. 98. n. s. He that sends. Sliak- speare. SENESCENCE, se-neV-sense. 510. n. s. [senesco, Lat.] The state of grooving old; decay by time. Woodward. SENESCHAL, sen'-nes-kal.Jsen'-nes-kal, Jones, Fulton and Knight ; sen'-nes-shal, Perry.'] n. s. [seneschal, Fr.] One who had in great houses the care of feasts, or domestick ceremonies. Carew. It afterwards came to signify other offices. Spenser. QCf* Dr. Kenrick pronounces the ch in this word like sh : but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, and Barclay, like k. As the word does not come from the learned languages, 352, if usage were equal, I should prefer Dr/Kenrick's pronunciation. The rest of our orthoe- pists either have not the word, or do not mark the sound of these letters. W. SEN GREEN, sen'-green. n. s. A plant. SENILE §, se'-nlle. 140. a. [senilis, Lat.] Belong- ing to eld age ; consequent on old age. Boyle. SENI'LITY*, se-nll'-e-te. n. s. [senilker, Lat.] Old pge. Bos well. SENIORS se'-ne-ur, or sene'-yfir. 113. n. s. [Lat.] One older than another ; one who, on account of longer time, has some superiority. Whitgift. An aged person. Dryden. SENIORITY, se-iie-or'-e-te. n.s. Eldership ; priori- ty of birth. Gov. of the Tongue. SENIOR Y* r se'-ne^-o-re, or sene'-yur-e. n. s. Seni- ority. I SENNA, seV-na. 92. n. s. [sena, Lat.] A physical j tree. Miller. SENNIGHT, sen'-nlt. 144. n. s. [contracted from sevennight.'} The space of seven nights and days ; j a week*! Shikspeare. SENO'CULAll, se-nok'-ku-lar. a. [seni and oculus, Lat.] Having six eyes. Derham. SENSATED*. seV-sa-ted. part. a. Perceived by the senses. Hooke. SENSA'TION, sen-sa'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr.; sensatio, school Lat.] Perception by means of the senses. Glanville. SENSE§, sense. 427,431. 7 t .s. [s.ns, Fr. ; sensus, Lat.] Facukv or power by which external objects are perceived ; the sight; touch; hearing; smell; taste. Varies.' Perception by the senses; sensa- tion. Bacon. Perception of intellect; apprehen- sion of mind. Sidney. Sensibility; quickness or keenness of perception. ShaJc. Understanding; soundness of faculties; strength of natural reason. Shak. Reason; reasonable meaning. Dryden.\ Opinion; notion; judgement. Roscommon. Con- 1 sciousness ; conviction. Vryden. Moral perception L 'Estrange. Meaning; import. Hooker. SENSED, senst. part. Perceived by the senses. Glanville. Oh. J. SENSEFUL. sens'-ful. a. Reasonable ; judicious Spenser. Ob. J. SENSELESS, sens'-l&s. a. Wanting sense ; want ing life ; void of all life or perception. Spenser. Un- feeling; wanting sympathy. Roice. Unreasona- ble ; stupid ; doltish ; blockish. Bp. Taylor. Con- trary to true judgement; contrary to reason. South. Wanting sensibility ; wanting quickness or keenness of perception. Peacham. Wanting knowledge ; unconscious. Dry den. SENSELESSLY, seW-les-le. ad. In a senseless manner ; stupidly ; unreasonably. Locke. SENSELESSNESS, sens'-leWes. n. s. Folly; un- reasonableness; absurdity; stupidity. Hales/ SENSIBFLITY, sen-se-bil'-e-te. n.s. [sensibilite , Fr.] Sensibleness; perception. Pearson. Quick- ness of sensation. Quickness of perception ; deli- cacy. Addison. SENSIBLE, sen'-se-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; sensilis, Lat.] Having the power of perceiving by the senses. Shak. Perceptible by the senses. Hooker. wPer- ceived by the mind. Temple. Perceiving by <^Ler mind or senses; having perception by the minrror senses. Dry den. Having moral perception; hav- ing the quality of being affected by moral good or ill. Shak. Having quick intellectual feeling; be- ing easily or strongly affected. Dryden. Convinc- ed ; persuaded. Addison. Reasonable ; judicious ; wise. Addison. SENSIBLE*, sen'-se-b). n. s. Sensation : a poetical conversion of the adjective into the substarntive. Milton. Whatever is perceptible around us. More. SENSIBLENESS, sen'-se-bl-nes. n. s. Possibility to be perceived by the senses. Hallywell. Quickness of perception ; sensibility. Sharp. Painful conscious- ness. Hammond. Judgement; reasonableness. SENSIBLY, seV-se-ble. ad. Perceptibly to the senses. Shak. With perception of either mind or body. Externally; by impression on the senses. Hooker. With quickintellectual perception. Mil- ton. Judiciously; reasonably. SENSITIVE, sen'-se-tlv. 157. a. [sensitif Fr.] Hav ing" sense or perception, but not reason. Hammond SENSITIVE Plant, sen'-se-tiv-plant. n. s. A plant Of this plant the humble plants are a species, which are so called, because, upon being touched, the ped- icle of their leaves falls downward ; but the leaves of the se?mtive plant are only contracted. Miller. SENSITIVELY, sen'-se-tlv-le. ad. In a sensitive manner. Hammond. SENSO'RlUM,sh\-sb'-rbA\m.\n.s. [Lat.] The SENSORY, sen'-so-re. 557. _ \ part where the senses transmit their perceptions to the mind ; the seat of sense. Bwon. Organ of sensation. Bentley. SENSUAL §, sen'-shu-al. 452. a. [sensuel, Fr.] Con- sisting in sense; depending on sense; affecting the senses. Pope. Pleasing to the senses; carnal ; not spiritual. Hooker. Devoted to sense ; lewd; luxu- rious. Milton. SENSUALIST, sen'-sha-al-lst. n. s. A carnal per son : one devoted to corporal pleasures. South. SENSUALITY, sen-shu-aT-e-te. n. s. [sensualite, Fr.] Devotedness to the senses ; addiction to brutal and corporal pleasures. South. To SENSUALIZE, sen'-shu-a-llze. v. a. To sink to sensual pleasures ; to degrade the mind into sub jeetion to the senses. Norris. SENSUALLY, seV-shu-ai-e. ad. In a sensual man- ner. Davies. SENSUOUS, sen'-shu-us. 452. a. Sensual. Milton. Ob. J. SENT. sent. The participle passive of send. Ezra, vn SENTENCE f f sen'-tense. n. s. [Fr. ; sentenlia, Lat. Determination or decision, as of a judge, civil or criminal Hooker. It is usually spoken of condem • nation pronounced by the judge; doom. Bacon, A maxim; an axiom, generally moral. Dan. v. <\ short paragraph ; a period in writing. Lowth. SEP SEP — n6, m&ve, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pSund ; — th'm, this. 2li SENTENCE, sen'-tense. v. a. [sentenckr , Fr.] To pass the last judgement on any one. Milton. To condemn ; to doom to punishment. Dryden. To relate, or express, in a short and energ-etick wav. Feltham. SENTENTIAL*, sen-ten'-shal. a. Comprising- sen- tences. Abp. Newcome. SEKTENTIO / SITY,sen-ten-she-6s / -e-te. n.s. Com- prehension in a sentence. Brown. SENTENTIOUS, sen-ten'-shus. 292, 314. a. [sen- tencieux, Fr.] Abcunding with sentences, axioms, and maxims, short and energetick. Shak. Com- prising sentences. Grew. SENTENTIOUSLY, sen-ten'-shus-le. ad. In short sentences ; with striking brevity. Bacon. SENTE NTIOUSNESS, sen-ten'-shfis-nes. n. s. Pithiness of sentences ; brevity with strength. Dry- den. SENTE R.Y, s^n'-tfir-e. n. s. [commonly written sen- try, corrupted from sentinel.'] One who is set to watch :n a garrison, or in the outlines of an army. Milton. SENTIENT, sen'-she-ent. 542. a. [sentiens, Lat.] Perceiving ; having perception. Hale. SENTIENT, sen 7 -she-em. n. s. He that has per- ception. Glanrille. SENTIMENT 0, sen'-le-ment. n.s. [Fr.] Thought ; notion j opinion. Locke. The sense, considered dis- tinctly from the language or things ; a striking sen- tence in a composition. Dennis. Sensibility; feel- ing. Slieridan. SENTIMENTAL*, sen-te-ment'-al. a. Abounding with sentiment; expressing quick intellectual feel- ing ; affecting sensibility, in a contemptuous sense. Shenstom. SENTIMENTALITY*, sen-te-men-tal'-e-te. n. s. Affectation of fine feeling or exquisite sensibility. Warton. SENTINEL, sen'-te-nel. n. s. [setWinelle, Fr. ; from senlio, Lat.] One who watches or keeps guard to prevent surprise. Shak. Watch 3 guard; the duty of a sentinel. Herbert. SENTRY, seV-tr^. n. s. [corrupted from sentinel.'] A watch; a sentinel; one who watches in a garri- son, or army, to keep them from surprise. Siiak. Guard ; watch ; the dutv of a sentry. Brown. SEPARABILITY, sep-par-a-bllQ-te. n.s. The quality of admitting disunion or discerption. Glan- ville. SETARABLE, sep'-par-a-bl. 405. a. [Fr. ; separa- bdis, Lat.] Susceptive of disunion ; discerptible. Arbuthnot. Possible to be disjoined from some- thing. Locke. SETARABLENESS, sep'-par-a-bl-nes. n. s. Capa- bleness of being separated. Boyle. To SETA RATE §, sep'-par-ate. v. a. [separo, Lat. ; separer, Fr.] To break; to divide into parts. To disunite; to disjoin. Shak. To sever from the rest. Boyle. To set apart; to segregate. Acts, xiii. To withdraw. Gen. xiii. To SEPARATE, sep'-par-ate. v.n. To part; to be disunited. Locke. SETARATE, sep'-par-at. 91. a. Divided from the rest ; parted from another. Burnet. Disjoined ; withdrawn. Milton. Secret; secluded. Dryden. Disunited from the body 5 disengaged from corpo- real nature. Locke. SEPARATELY, sep'-par-at-le. ad. Apart; singly; not in union; distinctlv; particularly. Bacon. SE'PARATENESS, sep-par-at-nes. n.s. The stale of being separate. Mede. SEPARATION, sep-par-a'-shun. n. s. [separatio, Lat.] The act of separating ; disjunction. Abbot. The state of being separate ; disunion. Bacon. The chymical analysis, or operation of disuniting things mingled. Bacon. Divorce; disjunction from a married stale. Shakspeare. SE'PARATIST, sep'-par-a-tJst. n. s. [separatists Fr.] One who divides from the church ; a schismat- ick ; a seceder. Bacon. SEPARATOR, sep'-par-a-lur. 521. n. s. One who divides) a divider. SETARATORY, sep'-par-a-tur-e. 512. a. Used in lo, Lat.] That separation. Cheyne. SETILIBLE, sep'-pll-e-bl. a. may be buried. Bailey. SETIMENT, sep'-pe-m^nt. n.s. [sepimentum., Lat.] A hedge; a fence. Lively Oracles, &c. (1678.) To SEPO'SE*, se-p6ze'. v. a. [sepono, sepositvs Lat.] To set apart. Donne. SEPOSI'TION, sep- P 6-z?sh'-un. 530. n.s. The act of setting apart; segregation. Bp. Taylor. SETOY*, se'-p6e. n. s. [sipah, Pers.j An Indian native who is a soldier in the infantry of the East Indian Company. SEPS*, se"ps. n. s. [Lat.] A kind of venomous eft. SEPT, sept. n. s. [septum, Lat.] A clan ; a race : a family; a generation, used only with regard or al lusion to Ireland. Spenser. SEPTANGULAR, sep-lang'-gu-lar. a. [septem and angidus. Lat.] Having seven corners or sides. SEPTE'MBER, sep-tern'-bur. n.s. [Lat.] The ninth month of the year; the seventh from March. Pear- cham. SETTENARY, sep'-ten-ar-e. 512. a. [septenarius, Lat.] Consisting of seven. Hakewill. SEPTENARY, sep'-ten-rlr-e. n.s. The number seven. Brown. SEPTENNIAL, sep-ten'-ne-al. 113. a. [septennis, Lat.] Lasting seven years. Burke. Happening once in seven vears. Howell. SEPTE'NTRION, sep-teV-lre-un. n.s. [Fr.j septentrio, Lat.] The north. Shakspeare. SEPTE'NTRION, sep-uV-tre-un. £ a. [septen- SEPTENTRlONAL.seyteV-tre-un-al. $ trionalis, Lat.] Northern. Sir E. Sandys. SEPTENTRIONATITY, sep-ten'-tre-fin-al'-e-te. n.s. Northerliness. SEPTENTRIONALLY, sep-teV-tre-un-al-le. ad Towards the north ; northerly. Brown. To SEPTENTRIONATE, sep-ieV-tre-6-rAte. 91. v. n. To tend northerly. Brown. SETTICAL, sep'-te-kal. )a. [a V ~riKbi.] Having SETTICK*, sep'-tik. ) power to promote or produce putrefaction. Brown. SEPTILATERAL, sep-le-lat'-ter-al. a. [septem and laieris, Lat.] Having seven sides. Broun. SEPTUA'GENARY, sep-tshu-ad'-je-na-re. 463, 528. a. [septuagenanus, Lat.] Consisting of seven tv. Brown. SEPTUAGE'SIMA*, sep-tshu-a-jes'-se-ma. n. s. [Lat.] The third Sunday before Lent. SEPTUAGE'SIMAL, sep-tshu-a-jes'-se-mal. a. [septuagesimus, L.&1.] Consisting of seventy. Brown. SETTUAGINT, sep'-tshu-a-jint. 463. n. s. [septua- ginta, Lat.] The old Greek version of the Old Tes- tament, so called as being^ supposed the work of seventv-two interpreters. Burnet. SETTUPLE, sepMu-pl. 405. a. [septuplex, Lat.] Seven times as much : a technical term. SEPUTCHRAL, se-pul'-kral. a. [sepidchralis, Lat.] Relating to burial ; relating to the grave ; monu- mental. Donne. SEPULCHRE §, sep'-pul-kur. 416, 177. n. s. [sepul- cre, Fr. ; sepidchrum, Lat.] A grave ; a tomb. Sluik. $y= I consider this word as having altered its original ac- cent on the second syllable either by the necessity 01 caprice of the poets, or by its similitude to the general- ity of words of this form and number of syllables, 503, which generally have the accent on the first syllable Dr. Johnson tells us it is accented by Shakspeare and Milton on the second syllable, but by Jonson and Prior more properly, on the first, and, he might have added, a* Shakspeare has sometimes done : " Ah me ! this sight of death is as a bell "That warns my old age to its sepulchre.'''' Shalcspeare. " Go to thy lady's grave, and call her thence ; " Or, at the least, in hers sepulchre thine." Shakspeare " 1 am glad to see that time survive, " Where merit is not sepulchred alive." Ben Jonson. " Thou so sepulchred in such pomp dost lie, 11 That kings for such a tomb would wish to die." Milton. 823 SER SER \ET 559.- -Fate, far fill, fatj- — me, met ;- -plne pin }— To accent this word 011 the second syllable, as Shak- fipeare and Milton have done, i3 agreeable to a very gen- eral rule, that, when we introduce into our own lan- guage a word from the Greek or Latin, and either pie- serve it entire, or the same number of syllables; in this case we preserve the accent on the same syllable as in the original word. This rule has some exceptions, as may be seen in the Principles, No. 503. (e.) but has still a very great extent. Now sepulchrum, from which this word is derived, has the accent on the second sylla- ble; and sepulchre ought to have it on the same; while sepulture, on the contrary, being formed from sepultu- ra, by dropping a syllable the accent removes to the fust. See Academy. As a confirmation that the cur- rent pronunciation of sepulchre was with the accent on the second syllable, every old inhabitant of London can recollect always having heard the church called by that name so pronounced: but the antepenultimate accent seems now so fixed as to make an alteration hopeless. Mr. Forster, in his Essay on Accent and Quantity, says that this is the common pronunciation of the present day; and Dr. Johnson, Mr. Elphinston, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, Barclay, Entick, and YV. Johnston, place the accent on the first syllable both of this word and sepulture. Fenning places the accent on the second syllable of sepulchre when a noun, and on the first when a verb. Mr. Sheridan very properly reverses this order : VV. Johnston places the accent on the second syllable of sepulture, and Bai- ley on the second of both. Al! our orthoe'pists place the accent ou the second syllable of sepulchral, except Dr. Ash and Barclay, who place it upon the same sylla- ble as in sepulchre ; and the uncouth pronunciation this accentuation produces, is a fresh proof of the impropri- ety of the common accent. 493. TV. To SE'PULCHRE, se-pul'-kftr. 493. v. a. To bury ; to entomb. Shakspeare. SEPULTURE, sep'-pul-ture. 177. n.s. [Fr.; sepul- tura, hat.] Interment; burial. Brown. SEQUA'CIOUS §, se-kwa'-shfis. 414. a. [sequacis, Lat.] Following; attendant. Bp. Taylor. Duc- tile ; pliant. Ray. SEGJUA'CIOUSNESS* se-kwa' shus-nes. n. s. State of being sequacious. Bp. Taylor. SEQUA'CITY, se-kwas'-e-te. n. s. [sequax, Lat.] Ductility ; toughness. Bacon. Act of following-. Whitlock. SEQUEL, se'-kwel. n. s. [sequelc, Fr. ; sequela, Lat.] Conclusion; succeeding part. Shak. Conse- quence ; event. Hooker. Consequence inferred ; consequentialness. Wnilgift. SEQUENCES, se'-kwense. n. s. [old Fr. ; from se- quor, Lat.] Order of succession. Shak. Series ; arrangement. Bacon. SE'QUENT, sfc'-kwent. a. [old Fr. ; sequens, Lat.] Following; succeeding. Shak. Consequential. SE'QUENT, se'-kwent. n. s. A follower. Shak. Ob. J. ToSEQUE'STERS, se-kwes'-tfir. v. a. [sequestrer, Fr. ; sequestro, low Lat.] To separate from others for the sake of privacy. Shak. To put aside ; to remove. Bacon. To withdraw ; to segregate. Hooker. To set aside from the use of the owner to that of others ; as, His annuity is sequestered to pay his creditors. To deprive of possessions. South. To SECiUE'STER*, se-kwes'-tur. v. n. To with- draw ; to retire. Milton. SEQUE/STRABLE, se-kwes'-tra-bl. a. Subject to privation. Capable of separation. Boyle. To SEQUE'STRATE, se-kwes'-trate. 91. v.n. To sequester; to separate. Arbutlmot. SEQUESTRATION, sek-wes tra'-shun. 530. n.s. [Fr.] Separation ; retirement. Shak. Disunion ; disjunction. Boyle. State of being set aside. Sliak. Deprivation of the use and profits of a possession. Swift. SEQUESTRATOR, sek-wes-tra'-lfir. n. s. One who takes from a man the profits of his possessions. Bp. Taylor. SERA'GLIO, se-ral 7 -}^. 388. n. s. [serai, Persian, a large hall or house.] A house of women kept for debauchery. Norris. SERAPH, ser'-raf. 413. n. s. [.rjaip] One of the orders of angels. Locke. SERA'PHICAL, se-raf -fe-kal. ) a. Angelick ; an- SERA'PHICK, se-raf -f Ik. 509. ) gelical. Bp. Tay- lor. Pure 3 refined from sensuality. Suriji. SE'RAPHIM, ser'-ra-fim. n. s. [the plural of seraph. yet seraphims is sometimes written.] Angels of one of the heavenly orders. Common Prayer. SERE, sere. a. [feanian, Sax.] Dry; withered no longer green. See Sear. Spenser. SERE, sere. n. s. [serre, old Fr.] Claw; talon. Chap man. SERENADE, ser-e-nade'. n.s. [Fr. ;sercnata,ha\.] Musick or songs with which ladies are entertained by their lovers in the night. Milton. To SERENA'DE, ser-e-na.de'. v a. To entertain with nocturnal musick. Spectator. To SERENA'DE*, ser-e-nade'. v. n. To perform a serenade. Tatter. Gutta SERE'NA. n. s. An obstruction in the optick nerve. Milton. SERE'NE§, se-rene'. a. [serein, Fr. ; serenus, Lat.] Calm ; placid ; quiet. Milton. Unruffled ; undis- turbed ; even of temper ; peaceful or calm of mind ; showing a calm mind. Milton. Applied as a title of respect : as, To the most serene Prince Leopold, Archduke of Austria. &c. Milton. SERENE, se-rene'. n. s. [serein, or serain, Fr.] A calm, damp evening. B. Jonscn. To SERE'NE, se-rene 7 . v. a. [serener, Fr. ; sereno, Lat.] To calm ; to quiet. Fanshawe. To clear^to brighten. Phillips. SERE'NELY, se-reneMe. ad. Calmly; quietly. Pope With unruffled temper; coolly. Locke. SERE'NENESS, se-rene'-nes." n. s. Serenity. Fel- tham. SERE'NITUDE, se-ren'-ne-tude. n. s. Calmness; coolness of mind. Wotton. Ob. J. SERE'NTTY, se-ren'-ne-te. 530. n. s. [serenity, Fr.] Calmness; mild temperature. Bentley. Peace; quietness ; not disturbance. Temple. Evenness of temper; coolness of mind. Locke. Highness; title of respect. Milton. SERF*, serf. n. s. [old Fr. ; servus, Lat.] A slave Hume. Not in use. SERGE, serdje. n. s. [serge, Fr.; xerga, Span.] A kind of woollen cloth. Hale. SERGEANTS, sar'-jant. 100. n. s. [sergent, Fr. ; sergente, Ital.] An officer whose business it is to execute the commands of magistrates. A petty of- ficer in the army. Shak. A lawyer of the highest rank under a judge. Bacon. It is a title given to some of the king's servants : as, sergeant chirur- geon : that is, a chirurgeon servaiit to the king. SE'RGEANTRY, sar'-jant-tre. n.s. Grand ser- geantry is that where one holdeth lands of the king by service, which he ought to do in his own person unto him : as to bear the king's banner or his spear, &c. Petit sergeantry is where a man holdeth land of the king, to yield him yearly some small thing toward his wars"; as a sword, dagger, bow, knife, spear, pair of gloves of mail, a pair of spurs, or such like. Cowel. SE'RGEANTSHIP, sar'-jant-shlp. n. s. The office of a sergeant. SE'RIES, se 7 -re-fz. n. s. [serie, Fr.; series, Lat.] Sequence ; order. Ward. Succession ; course. Pope. SE'RIOUS §, se'-re-us. 314. a. [serteux, Fr. ; serius, Lat.] Grave; solemn; not volatile; not light of be- haviour. Young. Important; weighty; not trifling. Shakspeare. SE'RIOUSLY, se'-re-os-le. ad. Gravely; solemnly • in earnest ; without levity. South. SE'RIOUSNESS, se'-re-fis-nes. n.s. Gravity; so lemnity ; earnest attention. Alterbury. SERMOCINA'TION, ser-mos-e-na'-shim. n. s. [ser mocinatio, Lat.] The act or practice of making speeches. Peacham. SERMOCINA'TOR, ser-mos-e-na'-tSr. n. s. [ser mocinor, Lat.] A preacher ; a speechmaker. Howell. SERMONS, ser'-mfin. 100, 166. n. s. [Fr. ; sermo, Lat.] A discourse of instruction pronounced by a divine for the edification of the people. Hooker. To SE'RMON, ser'-m&n. v. a. [sermoner, Fr.] To discourse as in a sermon. Spenser. To tutor ; to teach dogmatically ; to lesson. Shakspeare. 824 SER SES — n6, move, nor. not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — pound ; — th'm, THis. TbSE'RMON* s^r'-raun. v. n. To compose or deliv- er a sermon. Milton. SE'RMONING*, ser'-mun-lng. re. s. Discourse ; in- struction ; advice; persuasion. Chaucer. To SE'RMONIZE*, scr'-miui-lze. p. re. To preach. Bishop Nicholson. To inculcate rigid rules. Lord Chesterfield. SE'RMOUNTAIN, or Seseli, seV-moun-tln. re. s. A plant. SEROSITY, se-ros'-se-te. re. s. [serosite, Fr.] Thin or watery part of the blood. Brown. SE''ROUS§, se'-rfis. a. [sereux, Fr. ; serosus, Lat.] Thin ; watery ; that part of the blood which sepa- rates in congelation from the grumous'or red part. Adapted to the serum. Arbuthnot. SE'RPENT$, seV-oent. n.s. [serpens, Lat.] An ani- mal that moves by undulation without legs. They are often venomous. They are divided into two kinds : the viper, which brings young ; and the snake, that lays eggs. Spenser. A sort of fire- work. Dryden. A musical instrument, serving as a bass in concerts of wind musick. SE'RPENTINE, ser'-pen-tme. 149. a. [serpentin, old Fr. ; serpentinus, Lat.] Resembling a serpent. Sid- ney. Winding like a serpent ; anfractuous. Donne. ToSE'RPENTiNE*, seV-pen-tlne. v. n. To wind like a serpent; to meander. Harte. SE'RPENTINE, ser' -pen-tine, n. s. An herb. Ains- worth. TERPENTINE Stone, n. s. A stone known among the ancients, who tell us, that it was a certain reme- dy against the poison of the bite of serpents ; but it is now just] v rejected. Hill. To SE'RPENTIZE*, ser'-pen-tize. v. re. To mean- der; to serpentine. Mason. SERPENT'S- Tongue, n.s. A plant. Ainsworth. SE'RPET, ser'-pet. n. s. A basket. Ainsworth. SERPIGINOUS, ser-pld'-je-nus. a. [serpigo, Lat.] Diseased with a serpigo. Wiseman. SERPIGO, seV-pi'-go, or ser-pe'-g6. 112. [See Vertigo.] [sCr-pi'-go, SJieridan ; seV-pe-g6, Per- ry.'] re. s. [Lat.] A kind of tetter. Wiseman. To SERR, ser. v. a. [serrer, Fr.] To drive hard to- gether; to crowd into a little space. Bacon. Oh. J. SE'RRATE$, ser'-rate. 91. ) a. [serratus, Lat.} SE'RRATED§,seV-ra-ted. S Formed with jags or indentures like the edge of a saw. Ray. SERRA'TION, ser-ra/-shun. n. s. Formation in the shape of a saw. SE'RRATURE, sfr'-ra-ture. n. s. Indenture like teeth of saws. Woodward. To SE'RRY, ser'-ie. v. a. [serrer, Fr.] To press close ; to drive hard together. Milton. Ob. J. SE'RUM, se'-r&m. n. s. [Lat.] The thin and watery part that separates from the rest in any liquor, as in milk the whey from the cream. The part of the blood which in coagulation separates from the grume. Arbuthnot. SE'RVANT, seV-vant. 100. re. s. [Fr.; servns, Lat.] One who attends another, and acts at his com- mand. Shale. One in a state of subjection. Shale. A word of civility used to superiours or equals. Swift. §Cf This is one of the few words which has acquired by time a softer signification than its original, knave ; which originally signified only a servant, but is now degenerated into a cheat ; while servant, which signified originally a person preserved from death by the con- queror, and reserved for slavery, signifies only an obe- dient attendant. W. To SE'RVANT, sef'-vant v. a. To subject. Sliab- speare. Oh. J. To SERVE*, serv. 100. v. a. [servir, Fr. ; servio, Lat.] To work for. Gen. xxix. To attend at com- mand. Milton. To obey servilely or meanly. Denham. To supply with food ceremoniously. Dryden. To bring meat as a menial attendant. Shale. To be subservient or subordinate to. Mil- ton. To supply with any thing : as, The curate served two churches. Ez. xlviii. To obey in mili- tary actions : as, He served the king in three cam- paigns. To be sufficient to. Locke. To be of use to ; to assist ; to promote. Bp. Taylor. To help by good offices Tate. To comply with ; to sub- mil to. Hooker. To satisfy; to content. South. To stand instead of any thing to one. Pope. — [st servir-de, Fl\] To serve himself of . To make use of. Digby. — To treat; to requite : in an ill sense : as, He served me ungratefully. [In divinity.] To worship the Supreme Being. Milton. — To serve, a warrant. To seize an offender, and carry him to jus- tice. To serve an office. To discharge any onerous and publick duty. To SERVE, serv. v. n. To be a servant, or slave. Gen. xx. To be in subjection. Is. xliii. To at- tend ; to wait. St. Luke, x. To engage in the duties of war under command. Shak. 1 o produce the end desired. Sidney. To be sufficient for a purpose. 'Dryden. To suit ; to be convenient. SliaJe. To conduce ; to be of use. Hooker. To officiate or minister: as, He served at the publick dinner. SE'RVICE, ser'-vfs. 142. re. s. [old Fr.; repair, Sax. ; servitium, Lat.] Menial office ; low business done at the command of a master. Shak. At- tendance of a servant. Shak. Place; office of a servant. Shak. Any thing done by way of duty to a superiour. Dryden. Attendance on any su- periour. Bacon. Profession of respect uttered or sent. Sliak. Obedience; submission. Shak. Act on the performance of which possession depends. Davies. Actual duty; office. Rogers. Employ- ment; business. Swift. Military duty. Spenser. A military achievement. Sliak. Purpose ; use. Spelman. Useful office ; advantage conferred. Sicift. Favour. Sliak. Publick office of devotion. Hooker. A particular portion of divine service sung in cathedrals, or churches. Mason. Course ; order of dishes. Hakewill. A tree and fruit. Miller. SERVICEABLE, seV-v?s-a-bl. a. [sewissable, old Fr.] Active; diligent; officious. Sicbiey. Useful; beneficial. Hooker SE'RVICEABLY*, ser'-vls-a-ble. ad. So as to be serviceable. Shenvood. SE RVICEABLENESS, se¥-vis4-W-toes. re. 5. Of- ficiousness ; activity. Sidney. Usefulness ; bene- ficialness. Norris. SE'RVIENT*, seV-ve-ent. a. [serrdens, Lat.] Sub- ordinate. Dijer. SE'RVILE, ser'-vll. 140. a. [servil, Fr.; senilis, Lat] Slavish; dependent; mean. Sliak. Fawn ins: 5 cringing. Sidney. SERVILELY, seV-vil-le. ad. Meanly; slavishly Dryden. SE'RVILENESS, ser'-vll -He's. )n.s. Subjection ; in- SERVPLITY, ser-vil'-e-te. S voluntary obedi- ence. Gov. of the Tongue. Meanness; dependence; baseness. Submission from fear. West. Slavery ; the condition of a slave. Shakspeare. SERVING-MAID*, ser'-vlng-made. re. s. A female servant. Bp. Bull. SERVING-MAN, ser'-vlng-mam n. s. A menial servant. Sliakspeare, SE'RVITOR, ser'-ve-tur. 166. re. s. [serviteur, Fr.] Servant; attendant. Hooker. One who acts under another ; a follower. Davies. One who professes duty and obedience. Shak. One of the lowest order in the university of Oxford ; similar to the sizer in that of Cambridge. Swift. SE'RVITORSHIP*, ser'-ve-tur-shlp. re. s. Office of a servitor. Boswell. SE'RVITUDE, ser'-ve-tude. re. s. [Fr. ; scrvitus, Lat.] Slavery; state of a slave; dependence. Hooker. Servants, collectively. Milton. SE'SAME*. re. s. [Fr. ; sesema, Lat.; cmadpT), Gr.] A white grain or corn growing in India, of which an oil is made. Ainsworth. SESQUIA'LTER, ses-kwe-al'-ter. ) a.[sesqui- SESQUIA'LTERAL^s-kwe-al'-ter-al. \ attere, Fr.; sesquialter, Lat.] [In geometry.] A ratio where one quantity or number contains another once and a half as much more, as 6 and 9. Cheyne* SESQUFPEDAL, ses-kwip'-pe-dal. [seV-kwe-pe- ~ del. Sheridan.] s SESQUIPEDA'LIAN,ses-kwe-pe-daMe-an, 518. a. [sesqnipedalis, Lat.] Containing a foot and a half! Addison. 825 SET SET O 5 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin; SE'SQUIPLICATE, ses-kwlp'-ple-kat. 91. a. [In mathematicks.] The proportion one quantity or number has to another, in the ratio of one and a half to one. Cheyne. SESCiUITE'RTIAN, ses-kwe-teV-shfin. a. [In math- ematicks.] Having such a ratio, as that one quantity or number contains another once and one third part more : as, between 6 and 8. Diet. SESS, ses. n.s. [for assess, cess, or cense.] Rale} cess charged; tax. Davies. SESSION, sesh'-un. n.s. [Fr. ; sessio, Lat/] The jtct of sitting'. Hooker. A stated assembly of magis- trates or senators. Shak. The space for which an assembly sits, without intermission or recess. Clarendon. A meeting of justices : as, the ses- sions of the peace. SESTERCE, seV-teVse. n. s. [Fr. ; sestertiwn, Lat.] Among the Romans, a sum of about 81. Is. 5a. half-penny ; or, as some reckon, about 11. 16s. 3d. of our money. Kennel. A Roman silver and also copper coin. B. Jonson. To SET §, sh. v. a. preterit I" set ; part. pass. 1 am set. [yefcfcan, Sax. ; setlen, Dutch.] To place ; to put in any situation or place 3 to put. Shak. To i put into any condition, state, or posture. Hooker. To make motionless; to fix immovably. Garth. To fix ; to sta*e by some rule. Carew. To regu- late ; to adjust. Suckling. To fit to musick : to adapt with notes. Dryden. To plant; not sow. Bacon. To intersperse or variegate with any thing. Milton. To reduce from a fractured or dislocated state. Shak. To fix the affection ; to determine the thoughts. Col. iu. To predetermine ; to settle. Hooker. To establish ; to appoint: to fix. Hooker. To appoint to an office ; to assign to a post. Job, vii. To exhibit ; to display. Bacon. To propose to choice. Tillotson. To value ; to estimate ; to rate. Sfiak. To stake at play. Prior. To offer a wager at dice to another. Shak. To fix in metal. JDryden. To embarrass; to distress; to perplex. Addison. To fix in an artificial manner, so as to produce a particular effect. Psabiis. To apply to something, as a thing to be done. Deuteronomy. To fix the eyes. Jer. xxiv. To offer for a price. Ecclus. x. To let ; to grant to a tenant. Bp. Hall. To place in order; to frame. Knolles. To station; to place. Dryden. To oppose. Shak. To bring to a fine edge : as, to set a razor. To point out, without noise or disturbance : as, a dog sets birds. — To set about. To apply to. Locke. To set against. To place in a state of enmity or oppo- sition. Ezekiet. To oppose ; to place in rhetorical opposition. Burnet. To set apart. To neglect for a season. Knolles. To set aside. To omit for the present. Shak. To reject. Woodward. To ab- rogate ; to annul. Addison. To set by. To regard ; to esteem. 1 Sam. xviii. To reject or omit for the present. Bacon. To set down. To explain ; or relate in writing. Bacon. To register or note in any book or paper ; to put in writing. Shak. To fix on a resolve. Knolles. To fix; to establish. Hooker. To set forth. To publish ; to promul- gate ; to make appear. Shak. To raise ; to send out on expeditions. Abbot. To display ; to explain ; to represent. Spenser. To arrange; to place in order. Slutk. To show; to exhibit. Brown. To set forward. To advance ; to promote. Hooker. To set in. To put in a way to begin. Collier. To set off. To decorate; to recommend; to adorn; to embellish. Sliak. To set on or upon. To animate; to instigate ; to incite. Sidney. To attack ; to as- sault. Sidney. To set on. "To employ as in a task. Sliak. To set on or upon. To fix the at- tention; to determine to any thing with settled and full resolution. Sidney. To set aid. To as- sign ; to allot. Spenser. To publish. Bacon. To mark by boundaries or distinctions of space. Locke. To adorn ; to embellish. Dryden. To raise ; to equip. Addison. To show; to display ; to recom- mend. Knolles. To show ; to prove. Atterhnry. To setup. To erect; to establish newly. Atter- bury. To enable to commence a new business. Pope. To build ; to erect. B. Jcnson. To raise; to exalt ; to put in power. Shak. To establish ; to appoint; to fix. Locke. To place in view. Job, xvi. To place in repose ; to fix ; to rest. Wake. To raise by the voice. Dryden. To advance; to propose to reception. Burnet. To raise a sufficient fortune; to set up a trade; to set up a trader. JJ Estrange. — This is one of the words that can scarcely be referred to any radical or primitive notion ; it very frequently includes die idea of a change made in the str.te of the subject, witli some degree of continuance in the state superinduced. To SET, set. v. n. To fall below the horizon, as the sun at evening. Gen. xxviii. To be fixed. 1 Kings, xiv. To fit musick to words. Shak. To become not fluid ; to concrete. Boyle. To begin a jour- ney. Shak. To put one's self into any state or posture of removal. Dryden. To catch birds with a dog that sets them, that is, lies down and points them out; and with a large net. Boyle. To plant, not sow. Old Proverb. It is commonly used in conversation for sit, which, though undoubtedly barbarous, is sometimes found in authors. Shaf:. To apply one's self. Hammond. — To set about. To fall to ; to begin. Calamy. To set in. To be- come settled in a particular state. Addison. To set off. To set out on any pursuit ; to set out from the barrier at a race ; to start. To set on or upon. To begin a march, journey, or enterprise. Locke. To make an attack. Shak. To set out. To have beginning. Brown. To begin a journey, or coursa. Bacon. To begin the world. Addison. To set to. To apply himself to. Gov. of tlie Tongue. To set up. To begin a trade openly. Decay of Chr. Piety. To begin a scheme in life. Arbuthnot. To profess publickly. Dryden. SET, set. part. a. Regular ; not lax ; made in con- sequence of some formal rule. Shakspeare. SET, set n. s. A number of things suited to each other; thing-s considered as related to each other 3 a number of things of which one cannot convenient- ly be separated from the rest. Collier. Any thing not sown, but put in a state of somt growth into the ground. Mortimer. The apparent fall of the sun, or other bodies of heaven, below the horizon Shak. A wager at dice. Dryden. A game. Shak. SET-OFF*, seV-of. n. s. [In law.] When the de- fendant acknowledges the justice of the plaintiff's demand on the one hand ; but on the other sets up a demand of his own, to counterbalance that of the plaintiff, either on the whole or in part. Black- stone. Any counterbalance. A recommendation j a decoration. SETA'CEOUS, se-ta'-shfis. 357. a. [seta, Lat.} Bristly ; set with strong hair ; consisting of strong- hairs. Derham. SE'TFOIL, seV-foil. n. s. An herb. SETON, se'-t'n. 170. n. s. [seton, Fr.] A seton is made when the skin is taken up with a needle, and the wound kept open by a twist of silk or hair, that humours may vent themselves. Quincy. SETTE'E, set-tee', n. s. A large, iong seat, with a back to it. A vessel, very common in the Medi terranean, with one deck, and a very long and sharp prow. Chambers. SETTER, set'-tnr. 98. n. s. One who sets. Ascham One who sets forth; a proclaimer. Acts, xvii. A dog who beats the field, and points the bird for the sportsmen. Atterburij. [pecepe, Sax.] A man who performs the office of a setting dog, or finds out persons to be plundered. South. Whatever sets off, decorates, or recommends. Wlvdlock. One who adapts words to musick. Davies. SE'TTERWORT, seY-tur-wurt. n. s. A species 0/ hellebore. SETTING*, sel'-tmg. n. s. Apparent fall of the sun or other heavenly bodies, below the horizon Brown. Enclosure. Exod. xxviii. [In naval lan- guage.] Direction of the current or sea. SETTING-Dog", seV-tlng-dog. n.s. A dog taught to find game, and point it out to the sportsman. Ad dison. 826 SEV SEX •n6, move, n6i\ not;— tube, tub, bull; — 6ll ;— pound ;— thin, THis. SETTLE, seV-tl. 405. n. s. [ r ifc], j-efcol, Sax.] A seat; a bench ; something to sit on. Ezek. To SETTLE $, sef-tl. u. a. [reehfchan, Sax.] To place in any certain state alter a time of fluctua- tion or disturbance. Ezek. xxxvi. To fix in any way of life. Dnjden. To fix in any place. P. Fletcher. To establish ; to confirm. Prior. To determine ; to affirm ; to free from ambiguity. Locke. To make certain or unchangeable. Dry- den. To fix; not to suffer to continue doubtful in opinion, or desultory and wavering in conduct. Swift. To make close or compact. Mortimer. To fix unalienably by legal sanctions. Addison. To fix inseparably. Boyle. To affect so as that the dregs or impurities sink to the bottom. Davies. To compose; to put in a stale of calmness. Duppa. Te SETTLE, set'-tl. v. n. To subside ; to sink to the bottom and repose there. Brown. To lose motion or fermentation ; to deposit faeces at the bottom. Dryden. To fix one's self; to establish a residence. Arbuthnot. To choose a method of life ; to establish a domestick state. Prior. To become fixed so as not to change. Bacon. To quit an irregu- lar and desultory for a methodical life. To take any lasting state. Burnet. To rest; to repose. Spectator. To grow calm. ShaJc. To make a jointure for a wife. Garth. To contract. Mortimer. SETTLEDNESS, set'-tl'd-nes. n. s. The state of being settled ; confirmed state. Bp. Hall. SETTLEMENT, seV-fl-ment. n. s. The act of set- tling; the state of being settled. The act of giving possession by legal sanction. Dryden. A jointure granted to a wife. Swift. Subsidence ; dregs. Mortimer. Act of quitting a roving for a domes- tick and methodical life. L 7 Estrange. A colony ; a place where a colony is established. Guthrie. SETTLER*, seY-tl-fir. n. s. One who fixes in a place where a colony is established. SETTLING*, seV-tl-ing. n. s. [petelunS, Sax.] The act of making a settlement. Settlement ; dregs. Milton. Used for setting, in some places, as appli- ed to the sun and other heavenly bodies. SETWAL, seV-wal. n.s. An herb. Diet. SEVENS, seV-v'n. 103. a. [peopon, Sax.] Four and three ; one more than six. Genesis. SEVENFOLD, seV-v'n-f6ld. a. Repeated seven times; having seven doubles; increased seven times. Spenser. SEVENFOLD, sev'-v'n-fdld. ad. In the proportion of seven to one. Gen. iv. SEVENNIGHT, seV-nlt. 144. n. s. A week ; the time from one day of the week to the next day of the same denomination preceding or following ; a week, numbered according to the practice of the old northern nations, asm fortnight. Sidney. We use still the word sevennigld or se'nniglit in comput- ing time : as, It happened on Monday was seven- niglvt, that is, on the Monday before last Monday ; It will be done on Monday sevennight, that is, on the Monday after next Monday. Addison. SEVENSCORE, sev'-v'n-skdre. a. Seven times twenty ; a hundred and forty. Baxon. SEVENTEEN, sev'-v'n-teen. a. [peopontyne, Sax.] Seven and ten ; seven added to ten. SEVENTEENTH, sev'-v'n-teentfi. a. [peoponfceo- 8a ; Sax.] The seventh after the tenth; the ordinal of seventeen. Gen. vii. SEVENTH, seV-v'ntfi. a. [peopoSan, Sax.] The ordinal of seven ; the first after the sixth. Bacon. Containing one part in seven. SEVENTHLY, sev'-v'ni/i-le. ad. In the seventh place : an ordinal adverb. Bacon. SEVENTIETH, sev'-v'n-te-etft. a. The tenth seven times repeated ; the ordinal of seventy. SEVENTY, sev'-v'n-te. 182. a. [hanbpeopcnti$, Sax.] Seven times ten. Bp. Taylor. To SEVER §, sev'-vfir. 98. v. a. [severer, Fr. ; separo, Lat.] To part by violence from the rest. Granville. To divide ; to part ; to force asunder. Hooker. To separate ; to segregate ; to put in different orders j or places. St. Matt. To separate by chymical op- 1 eration. To divide by distinctions. Bacon. To ! disjoin; to disunite. Shakspeare. To keep distinct, to keep apart. Exod. viii. To SEVER, seV-vur. 98. v. n. To make a separa- tion ; to make a partition. Exod. ix. To suffer disjunction. Slvxkspeare. SEVERAL, sev'-ur-al. 88. a. [several, old Fr.] Dif- ferent ; distinct from one another. Bacon. Divers ; many. Abbot. Particular; single. Dryaen. Dis- tinct ; appropriate. Davies. Separate ; disjoined. Beaumont and Fletcher. SEVERAL, seV-ur-al. n. s. A state of separation, or partition. Tusscr. Each particular singly taken. Sliak. Any enclosed or separate place. Hooker. A piece of open land, adjoining to a common field, and a kind of joint property of the landholders of a parish. Bacon. SEVERA'LITY*, sev-ur-al'-e-te. n. s. Each partic- ular singly taken ; distinction. Bp. Hall. ToSEVERALIZE*, sev'-ur-al-lze. i>. a. To distin- guish. Bp. Hall. SEVERALLY, sev'-ur-al-e. ad. Distinctly ; particu- larly; separately; apart from others. Hooker. SEVERALTY, sev'-ur-al -te. n. s. State of separa- tion from the rest. Bacon. SEVERANCE, sev'-ur-anse. n. s. Separation ; par- tition. Careiv. SEVE'RE, se-vere'. a. [Fr. ; severus, Lat.] Sharp ; apt to punish ; censorious ; apt to blame ; hard ; rigorous. Bp. Taylor. Rigid ; austere ; morose ; harsh ; not indulgent. Milton. Cruel ; inexorable. Wisdom. Regulated by rigid rules ; strict. Mil- ton. Exempt from all levity of appearance ; grave ; sober ; sedate. Milton. Not lax ; not airy ; close ; strictly methodical ; rigidly exact. More. Painful ; afflictive. Milton. Close; concise; not luxuriant. Dryden. SEVERELY, se-vere'-le. ad. Painfully; afflictively Swift. Ferociously ; horridly. Dryaen. Strictly rigorously. Savage. SEVERITY, se-veV-e-te. 511. n. s. [severite, old Fr. ; severitas, Lat.] Cruel treatment ; sharpness of punishment. Bacon. Hardness ; power of dis- tressing. Hale. Strictness; rigid accuracy. Dry- den. Rigour ; austerity ; harshness ; want of mild- ness ; want of indulgence. Milton. SEVOCATION, sev-o-ka'-shun. n.s. [sevoco, Lat.] The act of calling aside. To SEW, for sue. su. v. a. [suivre, Fr.] To follow ; to pursue. Spenser. To SEW$, so. 266. v. n. [suo, Lat. ; sye, Su. Goth and Danish.] To join any thing by the use of the needle. Eccl. iii. To SEW, so. v. a. To join by threads drawn with a needle. St. Mark, ii. To SEW up, s h&ir y- Dryden. Rough ; rugged. Milton. SHA GGEDNESS*, shag'-ged-nes. n. s. Slate of being shagged. More. SHAGRE'EN, sha-green 7 . n. s. Tan eastern word, sagri, soghre, and shagrain.] The skin of a kind offish, or skin made rough in imitation of it. To SHAGRE'EN, sha-green'. See Chagrin. To SHAIL, shale, v. n. [scliahl, Teut.] To walk sideways. L' Estrange. To SHAKE §. shake, v. a. pret. shook; part. pass. shaken, or shook ; and formerly shaked. [pcacan, rceacan, Sax. ; schoeken, Teut.] To put into a vi- brating motion ; to move with quick returns back- wards and forwards ; to agitate. Zech. ii. To make 828 n.s. [pceapt, Saxj An arrow; 3 n. Sidney, [shaft, Dutch.] A nai- SHA SHA -n6, move, nor, not; — tube, tub, bull; — oil ; — p6und; — thin, this. to totter or tremble. Milton. To throw down by a violent motion. St. Malt. x. To throw away ; to drive off. Shaft. To weaken ; to put in danger. Atterbunj. To drive Irani resolution ; to depress ; to make afraid. Shaft. — To shake hands. This phrase, from the action used among friends at meet- ing and parting, sometimes signifies to join with, but commonly to take leave of. Shak. To shake off. To rid himself of ; to free from ; to divest of. Shakspeare. To SHAKE, shake, v. n. To be agitated with a vi- bratory motion. To totter. Milton. To tremble; to be unable to keep the body still. Shak. To be in t'errour; to be deprived of firmness. Dryden. SHAKE, shake, n. s. Concussion suffered. Herbert. Impulse; moving power. Addison. Vibratory mo- tion. Addison. Motion given and received. Addi- son. [In musick.] A graceful close of a song or air; the alternate prolalion of two notes in juxta- position to each other, with a close on the note im- mediately beneath the lower of them. Tytler. SHA'KEFORK*. slmke'-fork. n.s. A fork to toss hay about : so a prong is called in some places. SHA'KER, sha'-kur. 98. n. s. The person or Ihmg that shakes. Beaumont and Fletcher. SHA'KING*; sha'-klng. n. s. Vibratory motion. Job xli. Concussion. Harmar. State of trembling". Waller. SHA'KY*, sha'-ke. a. [from shake..'] An appellation given by builders to timber, which is cracked either with the heat of the sun or the drought of the wind. Cliambers. SHALE, shale*, n. s. [for shell.] A husk ; the case of seeds in siliquous plants. Shak. A black, slaty sub- stance, or a clay hardened into a stony consistence. and so much impregnated with bitumen, that it be- 1 comes somewhat like a coal. CJutmbers. To SHALE* shale, v.a. To peel. Grose. SHALL, shah [See Been.] v. defective, [r-ceal, Sax.] It has no tenses but slwll, future, and should, imperfect. 3^= Children are generally taught to pronounce this word so as to rhyme with all; and, when they are fixed in this pronunciation, and come to read tolerably, they have this sound to break themselves of, and pronounce \\ like the first syllable ofshal-low. TV. SHALLOCN, sha.l-lo.5n'. n. s. [from Chalons, a town in Champagne, where this kind of stuff was made.] A slight woollen stuff. Swift. SHA'LLOP, shal 7 -lap. n. s. [chaloupe, Fr.] A small boat. Raleigh. SHALLOT*, shal-lot'. n.s. An eschalot : which see. SHA'LLOW§, shal'-]6. 327. a. [ r cylp, Sax.] Not deen ; having the bottom at no great distance from the surface or edge. Shak. Not intellectually deep; not profound ; not very knowing or wise ; empty ; trifling; futile; silly. Siutk. Not deep of sound. Bacon,. SHA'LLOW, shaT-lo. n. s. A shelf; a sand; a fiat ; a shoal ; a place where the water is not deep. Shak. To SHALLOW*, shal'-l6. v. a. To make shallow. Sir T. Brown. SHA'LLOWBRAINED, shal'-lo-brand. a. Foolish ; futile; trifling; empty. South. SHA'LLGWLY, shal'-lo-le. ad. With no great depth. Carew. Simply ; foolishly. Shakspeare. SHALLOWNESS, sfial'-lo-n&s. n. s. Want of depth. Want of thought ; want of understanding; futility; silliness; emptiness. Herbert. SHALM, sham. 403. n. s. [schalmey , Teut.] A kind of musical pipe. Knolles. See Shawm. SHALT, shalt. Second person of shall. To SHAM §, sham, v. a. [shommi, Welsh; schim- pen, Teut.] To trick ; to cheat ; to fool with a fraud ; to delude with false pretences. L'Eslrange. To obtrude by fraud or folly. U Estrange. To SHAM*, sham. v. n. 'To make mocks. Prior. SHAM, sham. n. s. Fraud; trick; delusion; false oretence; imposture. Locke. SfiAM, sham. a. False ; counterfeit ; fictitious ; pre- tended. Gay. SHA'MBLES, sham'-blz. 359. n. s. [rcamel, Sax.] The place where butchers kill or sell their meat 5 a butchery! Slia&speare. SHA / MBLlNG,sham''-bl-lng. n.s. Act of moving awk- wardly and irregularly. Dryden. See Scambling. SHA'MBLING, sham'-bl-ing. 410. a. Moving awk- wardly and irregularly. Smith. SHA'ME §, shame, n. s. [pceam, pcama, Sax. ; sham, Su. Goih.] The passion felt when reputation is sup- posed to be lost ; the passion expressed sometimes by blushes. Spenser. The cause or reason of shame ; disgrace ; ignominy. Shak. Reproach ; infliction of shame. Ecclus. v. To SHAME, shame, v.a. To make ashamed; to fill with shame. Shak. To disgrace. Spenser. To SHAME, shame, v. n. To be ashamed. Spenser SHAMEFACED, shame'-faste. 359. a. [ r cam- jrsepfc, Sax.] Modest; bashful ; easily put out of countenance. Sidney. SHA'MEFACEDLY, shame'-faste-le. ad. Morhslly bash full)'. Woolton. SHA'MEFACEDNESS, shame'-faste-n8s. n. s. Modesty; bashfulness ; timidity. Sidney. SIL4/MEFUL, shame'-ful. a. Disgraceful ; igno- minious ; infamous ; reproachful. Spenser. Full of indignity or indecency; raising shame in another. Spenser. SHA'MEFULLY, shame'-ful-e. ad. Disgracefully; ignominiously; infamously; reproachfully. Milton. With indignity; with indecency; so as ought to cause shame. Spenser. SHA'MELESS, shame'-les. a. [rcamlear, Sax.] Wanting shame; wanting modesty; impudent; frontless ; immodest ; audacious. Shakspeare. SHA'MELESSLY, shame'-lfe-lft. ad. Impudently; audaciously ; without shame. 2 Sam. vi. SILVMELESSNLSS, shame'-les-nes. n. s. [rcam- leapierye, Sax.] Impudence ; want of siiame } immodesty. Sidney. SHA'MER*, shaZ-mfir. n. s. Whoever or whatever makes ashamed. Beaumont and Fletcher. SHA MMER, sham'-mur. 98. n. s. A cheat ; an i/iv. postor. SHA'MOIS. sham'-me. n. s. [cliamois, Fr.] A kind of wild goat. Shakspeare. See Chamois. SHA'MROCK, sham'-ruk. 1G6. n. s. The Irish name for three-leaved grass. Spenser. SHANK §, shangk. 408. n. s. [r-eeanc, r-cane, Sax.] The middle joint of the leg- ; that part which reaches from the ankle to the knee. Spenser. The bone of the leg. Shakspeare. Leg or support of any thing. Ray. The long part of any instru ment. Moxon. An herb. STLVNKED, shangkt. 359. a. Having a shank. SHA'NKER, shangk'-Or. 98. n. s. [chancre, Fr.] A venereal excrescence. SHA'NTY*, sMn'-te. a. [perhaps a corruption oi fanty.] Showy ; gay. To SHAPE §, shape, v.a. preter. shaped ; part. pass. shaped and shapen ; anciently shope. [rceapian, Sax. ; scheppen, Teut.l To form ; to mould, with respect to external dimensions. SJiak. To mould ; to cast ; to regulate ; to adjust. Raleigh. To im- age ; to conceive. Shak. To make ; to create Psalm li. To SHAPE*, shape, v. n. To square ; to suit. Shak SHAPE, shape, n. s.- Form ; external appearance. Rev. ix. Make of the trunk of the body. Addison. Being, as moulded into form. Milton. Idea; pat- tern. Milton. It is now used in low conversation for manner. SHA'PELESS, shape'-le's. a. Wanting regularity of form; wanting symmetry of dimensions. Sluxk. SHA'PESMiTH, shape'-smitfi. n. s. [shape and smith.] One who undertakes to improve the form of the bodv : a burlesque word. Garth. SHATELLNESS, shapeMe-nes. n. s. Beauty or pro portion of form. SHAPELY, shape'-le. a. Symmetrical ; well form ed. Dr. Warton. SHARD §, shard, n.s. [schaerde, Frisick; j-cijian, Sax.] A fragment of an earthen vessel, or <-' any brittle substance. Milton. The shell of an egg or £29 SHA SHE tCF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- a snail. Gower. [cliard.] A plant. Dryden. A frith or strait. Spenser. A sort offish. SHA'RDBORNE, shard'-b6rn. a. Borne along the air by sheathed wings. Shakspeare. SHA'RDED, shard'-ed. a. Having wings within shells as it were \ sheathwinged. Gower, To SHARE §, share, v. a. [yceapan, -pcipan, Sax.] To divide ; to part among many. Shale. To par- take with others ; to seize or possess jointly with another. Milton. To cut; to separate; to shear. Milton. Vo SHARE, share, v. n. To have part; to have a dividend. Slmkspeare. SHARE, share, n. s. Part; allotment; dividend ob- tained. Milton. — Togo sliares. To partake. Law. — A part contributed. Brown, [rceap, Sax.] The blade of the plough that cuts the ground. Dryden. SHA'REBONE, share'-bine. n.s. The os pubis; the bone that divides the trunk from the limbs. Derham. SHA'RER, sha'-rur. 98. n.s. One who divides, or apportions to others ; a divider. A partaker; one who participates any thing with others. Daniel. SHA'RING*, share'-lng. n. s. Participation. Spen- ser. SHARK §, shark, n. s. A voracious sea-fish. Thom- son. A greedy, artful fellow; one who fills his pockets by sly tricks, [skurk, skurka, Su. Goth.] South. Trick; fraud; petty rapine. South. To SHARK, shark, v. a. To pick up hastily orslily. Shakspeare. To SHARK, shark, v. n. To play the petty thief; to practise cheats ; to live by fraud. Dr. White. To fawn for a dinner; to beg. Patrick. SHA'RKER*, shark'-ftr. n. s. One who lives upon the shark ; an artful fellow. Sir H. Wotton. SHA'RKING*, sharking, n.s. Petty rapine ; trick. Dr. Westjield. SHARP §, sharp, a. [yceapp. Sax. ; scherpe, Dutch.] Keen; piercing; having a keen edge; having an acute point; not blunt. Shak. Terminating in a point or edge ; not obtuse. More. Acute of mind; witty; ingenious; inventive. Sidney. Quick, as of sight or hearing. Dairies. Sour without astrin- gency; sour, but not austere; acid. Spenser. Shrill ; piercing the ear with a quick noise ; not flat. Bacon. Severe ; harsh ; biting ; sarcastick. Shak. Severe ; quick to punish ; cruel ; severely rigid. Sliak. Eager ; hungry ; keen upon a quest. Milton. Painful; afflictive. Knolles. Fierce; ar- dent; fiery. Milton. Attentive; vigilant. Dryden. Acrid; biting; pinching; piercing, as the cold. Ray. Subtile; nice; witty; acute: of things. Hooker. [Among workmen.] Hard. Moxon. Emaciated; lean. Milton. SHARP, sharp, n. s. A sharp or acute sound. Shak. A pointed weapon; small sword; rapier. Collier. To SHARP, sharp, v. a. To make keen. B. Jonson. To render quick. Spenser. To SHARP, sharp, v. n. To play thievish tricks. V Estrange. To SHARPEN, shar'-pn. 103. v. a. frceajipan, ]-cejipan, Sax.] To make keen ; to edge ; to point. Hookei . To make quick, ingenious, or acute. As- chajti. To make quicker of sense. Milton. To nick*", eager or hungry. Shak. To make fierce or t^nr-.y. Job, xvi. To make biting, sarcastick, oi s&vere. Smith. To make less flat; more pierc- b« to the ears. Bacon. To make sour. Sc £HA;RPEN*, shar'-pn. v. n. To grow sharp. Shakspeai e. -SilA'RPER, sharp'-iV. 98. n. s. A tricking fellow ; a petty thief; a rascal. Arbuthnot. *jHA'RPLY, sharp'-le. ad. [rceajiplice,Sax.] With keenness; with good edge or point. Severely; rigorously; roughly! Spenser. Keenly ; acutely ; vigorously. B. Jonson. Afflictively ; painfully. Hay ward. With quickness. Bacon. Judiciously; acutely ; wittily. SHARPNESS, sharp'-nes. n. s. [yceappnej-ye, Sax.] Keenness of edge or point. Sidney. Not obtuscness. Wotton. Sourness without austereness. Watts. Severity of language ; satirical sarcasm Slmk. Painfulness ; affhetiveness. South. Intel lectual acuteness; ingenuity; wit. Hooker- Quick ness of senses. Hooker. SHARP-SET, sharp-set', a. [sharp and set.] Hun gry; ravenous. Brown. Eager; vehemently de sirous. Sidney. SHARP-SIGHTED, sharp-sl'-ted. a. Having quick sight. Dairies. SHARP-VISA GED, sharp-vlz'-ldj'd. 90 a. Having a sharp countenance. Hale. SHARP-WITTED*, sharp'-wlt-ted. a. Having ar acute mind. Wotton. SHASH*. See Sash. SHA'STER*, shas'-t&r. n. s. The Gentoo scriptures in general. Halhed. To SHA'TTER §, shat'-tur. 98. v. a. [ycatejian, Sax. ; sclietleren, Teut.] To break at once into many pieces ; to break so as to scatter the parts. Shak. To dissipate ; to make incapable of close and continued attention. Norris. To SHATTER, shat'-tfir. v. n. To be broken, or to i fall, by any force applied, into fragments. Bacon. SHA'TTER, shat'-tur. n.s. One part of many into which any thing is broken at once. Swift. SHA'TTERBRAINED, shat'-lur-brand. 359. ) „ SHA'TTERPATED, shat'-tur-pa-ted. \ [from sliatter, brain, and pate.] Inattentive ; noi consistent. Goodman. A low word. SHA'TTERY, shat'-tfir-e. 182. a. Disunited; not compact; easily falling into many parts; loose of texture. Woodward, To SHAVE §, shave, v. a. pret. slmve'd, part, shaved or shaven, [rcapan, -pceepan, Sax. ; shaeven, Dut.] To pare off with a razor. Leviticus. To pare close to the surface. Milton. To skim by passing near, or slightly touching. Milton. To cut in thin slices Bacon. To strip ; to oppress by extortion ; to pil- lage. SHAVE-GRASS, shave'-gras. n. s. An herb. SH A'VELING, shaveMlng. 410. n. s. A man shaved ; a friar, or relig-ous. Spenser. SHA'VER, sha'-vfir. 98. n.s. [pcaepepe, Sax.] A man that practises the art of shaving. Bp. Rich- ardson. A man closely attentive to his own inter- est. Swift. A robber; a plunderer. Knolles. SHA'VING, sha'-vlng. 410. n. s. A thin slice pared oft' from any body. Bacon. SHAW, shaw. n. s. [jcua, Sax.; schawe, Dutch.] A small shady wood in a valley. Gower. SHA'WFOWL, shaw'-foul. n. s. An artificial fowl made by fowlers on purpose to shoot at. SHAWL*, shawl, n. s. A part of modern female dress, brought from India into this country ; a kind of cloak. Boswell. SHA'WM, shawn. n. s. [schalmey, Teut.] A haut- boy; a cornet: written likewise sluxlm. Ps. Com mon Prayer. SHE, shee. pronoun. In oblique cases, her. [sche Norman ; jcee, j-co, Sax.] The female pronoun demonstrative; the woman; the woman before mentioned. Donne. It is sometimes used for a wo- man absolutely, with some degree of contempt. Shak. The female ; not the male. Shakspeare. SHEAF §, shefe. 227. n.s. sheaves, p)ur a), [rceap, Sax.] A bundle of stalks of corn bound together, that the -ears may dry. Fairfax. Any bundle or collection held together. Locke. To SHEAF*, shefe. v. n. To make sheaves. Shak. To SHEAL/shele. 227. v. a. To shell. See Shale. Shakspeare. To SHEAR §, shere. 227. v. a. pret. shore, or shear ed; part. pass, shorn, [rceapan, Sax. This word is frequently written sheer, but improperly.] To clip or cut by interception between two blades moving on a rivet. Gen. xxxi. To cut by inter ception. Grew. To cut down as by the sickle; to reap. Gower. To SHEAR, shere. v. n. To make an indirect course. To pierce. Sir E. Sandys. SHEAR, shere. } n. s. [it is seldom used in the SHEARS, sherz. 227. ] singular.] An instrument 830 SHE SHE -n6, move, nor, not ; — to.be, tub, bull; — 6ll; — pound; — th'm, this. to cut, consisting of two blades moving on a pin, between which the thing cut is intercepted. Shears are a larger, and scissors a smaller instrument of the same kind. Sidtiey. The denomination of the age of sheep. Mortimer. Any thing in the form of the blades of shears. Wings. Spenser. SHEARD, sherd. 234. n. s. [fceapb. Sax.] A frag- ment ; now commonly written shard. Isa. xxx. SHEARER, sheer'-ur. 98. n.s. One that clips with shears ; particularly one that fleeces sheep. Mil- ton. A reaper. SHEA'RMAN, sheer'-man. 88. n. s. He that shears. Shakspeare. SHE A'R WATER, shere'-wa-tur. n s. A fowl. A insworth. SHEATH §, shei/i. 227. n.s. [ r cectJe, Sax.] The case of any thing; the scabbard of a weapon. Sfienser. To SHEATH, ) ,, m h. a. To enclose To SHEATHE, S H f W a sheath or scabbard ; to enclose in any case. Waller. [In philosophy.] To oblund any acrid particles. Boyle. To fit with a sheath. Shak. To defend the main body by an outward covering. Raleigh. SHEA'THLESS*, shkh'-lh. a. Without a sheath. Eusden. SHEATHWI'NGED, shetfi'-wmg'd. a. Having hard cases which are folded over the wings. Brown. SHEA'THY, shkh'-e. 182 a. Forming a sheath. Broun. To SHEAVE*, sheve. v. a. 1 o bring together ; to collect. Ashmole. SHEA'VED*, shev'd. a. Made o*' straw. Shak. SHE'CKLATON, shgk'-la-t&n. /* s. [a corruption of the French ciclaton.] Gilded lea. I. er. Spenser. To SHED $, shed. v. a. [rceban, Sax.] To effuse ; to pour out; to spill. St. Matt. xxvi. To scatter; to let fall. Bacon. To SHED, sh£d. v. n. To let fall its parts. Mortimer. SHED, shed. n. s. []*ceb, Sax.] A slight, temporary covering. Fairfax. [In composition.] Effusion ; as, blood-shed. SHE'DDER, shed'-dor. 98. n.s. A spiller; one who sheds. Ezek. xviii. SHEEN §, sheen. 246. ) a. [rcen, ycene. Sax.] SHEE'NY $, sheen'-e. 182. \ Bright ; glittering ; showy ; fair. Spenser. Ob. J. SHEEN, sheen, n. s. Brightness ; splendour. Milton. Ob. J. SHEEP §, sheep. 246. n. s. pi. likewise sheep, [j-ceap. Sax.] The animal that bears wool, remarkable for its usefulness and innocence. Dry den. [In con- tempt.] A foolish, silly fellow. Ainsworth, [In theology.] The people, considered as under the direction of God, or of their pastor. Psalms. To SHEE'PBITE, sheep'-bhe. v. n. [sheep and bite,] To use pettv thefts. Shakspeare. SHE E'P BITER, sheep'-bite-ur. n.s. A petty thief. Tusser. SHEETCOT, sheep'-kot. n. s. A little enclosure for sheep. Shakspeare. SHEETFOLD, sheep'-fc-ld. n. s. [sheep and fold.] The place where sheep are enclosed. Prior. SHEE'PHOOK, sheep'-hoSk. n. s. A hook fastened to a pole, by which shepherds lay hold on the legs of their sheep. Bacon. SHEEPISH, sheep'-ish. a. Relating to sheep. Staf- ford. Bashful ; over-modest ; timorously and meanlv diffident. Locke. SHEETISHLY*, sheep'-lsh-le. ad. Timorously; with mean diffidence. Goodman. SHEETISHNESS, sheep'-fsh-nes. n. s. Bashful- ness ; mean and timorous diffidence. Herbert. SHEEPMASTER, sheep'-ma-st&r. n. s. A feeder of sheep. Bacon. SHEEP'S-EYE, sheep's-!', n. s. A modest, diffident look ; a kind of leer ; a wishful glance. Dryden. SHEETSHEARER*, sheep'-shere-ur. n.s. One who shears sheep. Gen. xxxviii. SHEEPSHE'ARING, sheep'-shere-mg. n.s. The time of shearing sheep ; the feast made when sheep are shorn. South. SHEETSTEALER*, sheep'-steel-tir. n. s. A thief who lakes away sheep. Burton. SHEETWALK, sheep'-wawk. n. s. Pasture for sheep. Milton. SHEER$, shere. 246. a. [pcipe,ycep,Sax.; . SHEER, shere. 246. ad. Clean ; quick ; *i once Milton. Not now in use, except in low language. To SHEER, shere. v. a. See Shear. To SHEER off. v. n. To steal away ; to slip off clandestinely. SHEE'RLY*, shereMe. ad. At once ; quite ; abso lutely. Beaumont and Fletcher. SHEERS, sheerz. n. s. See Shears. SHEET §, sheet. 246.7*. s. [fceat^cefc, rcyfc, Sax.] A broad and large piece of linen. Acts,x. The linen of a bed. Shak. [ecoutes, Fr. ; echoten, Dutch.] In a ship, are ropes bent to the clews of the sails, which serve in ail the lower sails to hale or round off the clew of the sail ; but in topsails they draw the sail close to the yard arms. Suckling. As much paper as is made in one body. Locke. A single complication or fold of paper in a book. Any thing expanded. Sliakspeare. Sheets in the plural is taken for a book. Water land. SHEET-Anchor, sheet-angk'-kur. n. s. [formerly shoot-anchor.] The largest anchor ; which, in stress of weather, is the mariner's last refuge, when an extraordinary stiff gale of wind happens. Bailey. To SHEET, sheet, v. a. To furnish with sheets ; to infold in a sheet. Shak. To cover as with a sheet. Shakspeare. SHEE'TING*. sbeet'-ing. n.s. Cloth for making sheets. Bp. Berkeley. SHE'KEL, sbek'-kl. 102. n. s. [.Sptp] An ancient Jewish coin equal to four Attick drachms, or four Roman denarii, in value about 2s. 6d. sterling. Camden. SHE'LDAPLE, shel'-da-pl. n. s. A chaffinch. SHELDRAKE, shel'-drake. n. s. A bird that preys on fishes ; a kind of wild duck. Burton. SHE'LDUCK, shel'-d&k. n. s. A kind of wild duck Mortimer. SHELF $, shelf, n. s. [pcylp, r celp, Sax.] A board " fixed against a supporter, so that any thing may be placed upon it. Shak. A sand bank in the sea ; a rock under shallow water. B. Jonson. SHE'LFY, shelf -e. a. Full of hidden rocks or banks ; full of dangerous shallows. Dryden. SHELLS, shel. n.s. []*cyll, rcell, Sax.; schale, schelle, Teut.; schale, Germ.] The hard covering of any thing; the external crust. Burnet. The covering of a testaceous or crustaceous animal. B. Jonson. The covering of the seeds of siliquous plants. Arbuthnot. The covering of kernels. Donne. The covering of an egg. Shak. The outer part of a house. Addison. It is used for a musical instru- ment in poetrj-, the first lyre being said to have been made by straining strings over the shell of a tortoise. Dryden. The superficial part. Ayliffe. [In artillery'] A bomb. To SHELL, shel. v. a. [aycealian, Sax.] To take out of the shell ; to strip of the shell. To SHELL, shel. v. n. To fall off, as broken shells Wiseman. To cast the shell. SHE'LLDUCK, shel'-duk. See Shelduck. SHE'LLFISH, shel' -fish. n. s. {jcyl-pij-caj-, Sax.] Fish invested with a hard covering, either testa- ceous, as oysters, or crustaceous, as lobsters. Woodward. SHE'LLME AT*, shel'-meet. n. s. Food consisting of shell-fish. Fuller. SHE'LL WORK* shel'-wurk. n. s. Work made of, or trimmed with shells. Cotgrave. SHE'LLY, shel'-le. a. Abounding with shells. Prior. Consisting of shells. Shakspeare. SHE LTER $, shel'-tur. 98. n. s. [pcylb, Sax. ; ski- oldr, Icel.] A cover from any external injury or violence. Shak. A protector; a defender; one that gives security. Ps. lxi. The state of being covered ; protection ; security. Denham To SHELTER, shel'-tfir. v. a. To cover from ex 831 SHI SHI \tT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- lernal violence. Milton. To defend ; to protect ; to succour with refuge ; to harbour. Dryden. To betake to cover. Abbot. To cover from notice. Prior. To SHELTER, sheT-tur. v. n. To take shelter. Milton. To give shelter. Thomson. SHELTERLESS, sheF-t&r-les. a. Harbourless; without home or refuge. Rowe. 8HELTERY* sheF-tur-e. a. Affording shelter. White. SHE'LTIE*, shel'-te. n. s. A small horse, so called in Scotland. Martin. To SHELVE*, shelv. v. a. To place on shelves. Comm. on Chaucer. SHELVING, shelv'-ing. 410. a. Sloping; inclining; having declivity. Shakspeare. SHELV Y, shel'-ve. a. Shallow; rocky; full of banks. Slmkspeare. To SHEND, shend. v. a. preter. and part. pass. shent. [pcenban, Sax. ; schenden, Dutch.] To ru- in; to spoil; to mischief. Tusser. To disgrace; to degrade; to blame ; to reproach. Spenser. To overpower ; to crush ; to surpass. Spenser. SHETHERD §. shep'-purd. 98, 515. n.s. [pceap and hepb, Sax.] One who tends sheep in the pas- ture. Sliak. A swain; a rural lover. Raleigh. One who tends a congregation ; a pastor. Prior. SHERHERDESS, shep'-pfir-des. n.s. A woman that tends sheep ; a rural lass. Sidney. SHEPHERDS Needle, n.s. Venus comb : an herb. SHEPHERDS Purse, or Pouch, n.s. A common weed. Drayton. SHERHERDS Rod. n. s. Teasel : a plant. SHETHERDISH, shep'-purd-lsh. a. Resembling a shepherd ; suiting a shepherd ; pastoral ; rustick. Sidney. Ob. J. SHERHERDLY*, shep'-purd-le. a. Pastoral ; rus- tick. Bp. Taylor. SHERBET, sher-beV. n. s. [Persian.] A drink in Persia that quenches thirst, and tastes deliciously : the composition is cool water, into which the}? in- fuse sirup of lemons and rose-water ; in those tor- rid countries the most refreshing sort of liquor that can be invented. Herbert. SHERD, sherd, n.s. [pceapb, Sax.] A fragment of broken earthenware. Dryden. See Shard. SHERIFFS, sheV-if. n.s. [rcype^epepa, Sax.] An officer to whom is intrusted in each county the execution of the laws. Bacon. SHERIFFALTY, sher'-if-al-te. a n. s. The office SHERIFFDOM. sher'-lf-dum. ( or jurisdiction SHERIFFSHIP, sheV-if-ship. f of a sheriff. SHERIFFWICK, sheV-if-wlk. ) Bacon. SHERRIS, sher'-ris. ~) n. s. [from Xeres, SHERRIS Sack, sher'-ris-sak. S- in Spain.] A kind SHERRY, sher'-re. ) of Spanish wine. Shakspeare. SHEWS, sh6. See Show. To SHEW*. See To Show. SHE'WER*, sho'-fir. n.s. One who showeth or teacheth what is to be done. Huloet. SHIBBOLETH*, s\\\b<-bb-\hh.n. s. [Hebrew; an ear of corn, and also floods of water.] A word which was made a criterion, whereby the Gilead- ites distinguished the Ephraimites in their pro- nouncing s for sh : hence, in a figurative sense, the criterion of a party. South. SHIDE, shlde. n. s. [pcibe, Sax.] A piece split off, spoken of wood, a cleft shide : a small solid piece of wood ; a billet ; not a slip or splinter. SHIELD §, sheeld. 275. n. s. [ r cy lb, Sax.] A buck- ler; a broad piece of defensive armour held on the left arm to ward off blows. Shak. Defence ; pro- tection. One that gives protection or security. Dry den. To SHIELD, sheeld. v. a. [pcylban, Sax.] To cover with a shield. To defend ; to protect ; to secure. Sliak. To keep off; to defend against. Spenser. To SHIFT §, shift, v. n. [pcy ptean, Sax.] To change place. Woodward. To change ; to give place to other tilings. Locke. To change clothes, particu- larly the linen. Young. To find some expedient; to act or live, though with difficulty. DanieL. To practise indirect methods. Raleigh. To take somo method for safetv. L' 'Estrange. To SHIFT, shift, v. a. To change ; to alter. Swift To transfer from place to place. Tusser. To put by some expedient out of the way. Shale. To change in position. Raleigh. To change as clothes. Shak. To dress in fresh clothes. Shak. — To shift off. To defer; to put away by some expedient. Dryden. SHIFT, shift, n.s. Change. Wotton. Expedient found or used with difficulty; difficult means Sidney. Indirect expedient; mean refuge; last resource- Hooker. Fraud; artifice; stratagem Denham. Evasion ; elusory practice. Hooker. A womao's under linen. SHI'FTER, shift'-ur. 98. n. s. One who changes or alters the position of a thing : as, a scene-s hit ler. One who plays tricks; a man of artifice. Bur ion. SHIRTING*, shift'-ing. n.s. Act of changing; act of putting by some expedient out of the way. Bacon. Evasion ; fraud. Mirror for Magistrates. SHI'FTINGLY*, shift'-nig-le. ad. Cunningly; de- ceitfully. Cotgrave. SHIRTLESS, shlft'-les. a. Wanting expedients-, wanting means to act or live. Derham. To SHILL*, shil. t>. a. To separate; to shell. See To Shell. To put under cover : more properly slieal : as, shilling sheep. SHILLING, shilling. 410. n.s. jjcylhn£,Sax.and Erse ; shelling, Dutch.] A coin of various value in different times. It is now twelve pence. Locke SHILL-I-SHALL-I, shil'-le-shaHe. A corrupt re duplication of shall I? The question of a man hes hating. To stand shill-I-shall-I is to continue hesitating and procrastinating. Congreve. iSHFLY. See Shyly. I roSHFMMER*,shIm'-mftr.w.n. []-cympian,Sax. , | schimmem, Germ.] To gleam. Chaucer. ' SHIN, shin. n. s. [pema, Sax. ; schien, Germ.] The forepart of the leg. Shakspeare. To SHINER, shine, v. n. preterit 1 shone, I have shone; sometimes Ishiued, I have shined. [skeinan, Goth. ; peman, Sax.] To have bright resplend- ence; to glitter; to glisten; to gleam. Shak. To be without clouds. Shak. To be glossy. Jer. v. To be gay ; to be splendid. Spenser. To be beau- tiful. Pope. To be eminent or conspicuous. Shak. To be propitious. Num. vi. To give light, real or figurative. Wisdom, v. To SHINE*, shine, v. a. To cause to shine. Wic lilfe. SHINE, shine, n.s. [peine, Sax. See Sheen.] Fair weather. Dryden. Brightness; splendour; lustre Ps. xcvii. SHFNESS, shl'-nes. n. s. Unwillingness to be tracta ble or familiar. Temple. SHFNGLES, shing'-gl. 405. n.s. [schindel, Germ, from scindula, Lat.] A thin board to cover houses ; a sort of tiling. Mortimer, To SHFNGLE*, shing'-gl. v. a. To cover with tiles or shingles. Evelyn. SHFNGLES, shlng'-glz. 405. n. s. [wants the sin gular.] [cingnlum, Lat.] A kind of tetter or herpes that spreads itself round the loins. Arbuthnot. SHFNINGNESS*, shl'-ning-nes. n. s. Brightness ; splendour. Spence. SHFNY, shl'-ne. a. Bright ; splendid ; luminous. Spenser. SHIP, ship, [pcip, pcyp, Sax. ; schap, Dutch.] A termination noting quality or adjunct, as lordship j or office, as stewardship. SHIPS, ship. n. s. [pcip, Sax. ; schip, Teut.] A ship may be defined a large hollow building made to pass over the sea with sails. Watts. To SHIP, ship. v. a. [pcipian, Sax.] To put into a ship. Shak. To transport in a ship. Shak. [In naval language.] To receive into the ship : as, to ship a heavy sea. SHFPBOARD, ship'-b6rd. n. s. This word is se 832 SHI SHO -n&, mOve, n&r, not ; — t&be, tSb, bfill ;— 6il ; — p&imd ; — th'm, THis. dom used but in adverbial phrases: a .shipboard, on shipboard, in a ship. Bramhall. The plank of a ship. Ezek. xxvii. SHFPBOY, shlp'-bde. n. s. Boy that serves in the ship. Slutkspeure. SHITLESS*, sh?p'-les. a. Without ships. Gray. SHFPMAN, shlp'-man. 88. n.s. Sailor; seaman. ShaJcspeai-e. SHIPMASTER, shlp'-ma-stOr. n.s. Master of the ship. Jon. i. SHFPMONEY*, ship'-mQn-ne. n. s. An imposition formerly levied on port towns, and other places, for fitting out ships ; revived in king Charles the First's time, and abolished in the same reign. Selden. SHFPPEN* shjp'-pen.rc..s. [r c YP en -- Sax -1 A stable; a cowhouse. Chawer. SHIPPING, shlp'-plng. 410. n. s. Vessels of naviga- tion ; fleet. Raleigh. Passage in a ship. St. Jolin, vi. SHFPWRECK, sh?p'-rek. n.s. [ship and wreck.] The destruction of ships by rocks or shelves. Waller. The parts of a shattered ship. Dryden. Destruction ; miscarriage. 1 Tim. i. 05" The pronunciation of the latter part of this word, as if written rack, is now become vulgar. W. To SHFPWRECK, shlp'-r^k. v. a. To destroy by dashing on rocks or shallows. Shak. To make to suffer the dangers of a wreck. Prior. To tm-ow by loss of the vessel. Shakspeare. SHIPWRIGHT, shlp'-rlte. n. s. [ship and wrigM.] A builder of ships. Raleigh. SHIRE $, shere. 8, 106. n. s. [jciji, fcinan, Sax. to divide.] A division of the kingdom ; a county ; so much of the kingdom as is under one sheriff. Spenser. §£T The pronunciation of this word is very irregular, as it is the only pure English word in the language where the final e does not produce the long diphthongal sound ofi when the accent is on it: but this irregularity is so fixed as to give the regular sound a pedantick stiff- ness. Mr. Sheridan, Mr Scott, and Buchanan, howev- er, have adopted this sound, in which they have been followed by Mr. Smith ; but Mr. Elphinston, Dr. Lowth, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Barclay, are for the irregu- lar sound; W.Johnston gives both, but places the ir- regular first ; and the Grammar called Bickerstaff's, recommended by Steele, adopts this sound, and gives this rule : " To sound like double (e) (i) does incline ; " As in machine, and shire, and magazine ; " Like (a) in sirrah ; but writ {oi) in join,." It may likewise be observed, that, this word, when unac- cented at the end of words, as Nottinghamshire, Wilt- shire, &c, is always pronounced with the i like ee. W. [shere or shire, Jones ; shire or shere, Fulton and Cnight.] SHFREMOTE* shere'-m&te. n.s. fj-ciji-ftemot, Sax.] Anciently, a county court ; a meeting of the persons of the county on an extraordinary occa- sion. Burke. To SHIRK*, sherk. v. n. To shark ; to practise mean or artful tricks. Harbottle Grimstone, Speech against Abp. Laud. To SHIRK*-, sherk. v. a. To procure by mean tricks ; to steal. Bp. Rainbow. To avoid. SHIRL*, sherk a. Shrill. See Shrill. SHIRT§, shfirt. 108. n. s. [scyrta, Icel.] The under linen garment of a man. Gower. To SHIRT, shurt. v. a. To cover ; to clothe els in a shirt. SHFRTLESS, sh&rtMes. a. Wanting a shirt. Pove. SHFTTAH, shit'-ta. ; n. s. A sort of precious wood, SHFTTIM, shlt'-tlm. \ of which Moses made the greatest part of the tables, altars, and planks, be- longing to the tabernacle. Calmet. SHFTTLE §*, shft'-tl. a. Wavering; unsettled: as, a shiftle-hended or shiitle-bramed person. Mirror for Magistrates. SHI'TTLENESS*, shft'-tl-nes. n. s. Unsettledness ; inconstancy; lightness. Barret. SHFTTLECOCK,slnV-u-k&k. n.s. [commonly, and perhaps as properly, shuttlecock. The etymology is doubtful.] A cork stuck with feathers, and drives by players from one to another with battledoors Collier. $Cf The most natural derivation of this word seems to arise from the motion of a shuttle, and therefore it ought to be written and pronounced shuttlecock. W. SHIVE, shive. n.s. [schyf, Dutch.] A slice of bread. Warner. A thick splinter, or lamina cut off from the main substance. Boyle. To SHFVER, shiv'-ur. 98. v. n. [from strive.] To fall at once into many parts or shives. Shakspeare. To SHFVER. slnV-ur. v.u. To break by one act into many parts ; to shatter. Milton. To SHFVER §, stuV-ur. v. n. [skefiur, Icel. ; huyver- en, Teut.] To quake ; to tremble ; to shudder, as with cold or fear. Bacon. SHFVER, shiv'-fir. 515. n.s. One fragment of many into which any thing' is broken. Shak. A thin slice ; a little piece. Chaucer. A shaking fit ; a tremour. A spindle. Hist. R. S. [In naval language.] A wheel fixed in a channel or block. SHFVERING*, sblv'-ur-fng. n.s. Act of trembling. Goodman. Division; dismemberment. Bacon. SHFVERY, slnV-ur-e. a. Loose of coherence ; in- compact; easily falling into many fragments. Woodward. SHOA'DSTONE, shode'-stone. n. s. A small stone, smooth without, of a dark liver colour, and of the same colour within, only with the addition of a faint purple. It is a fragment broke off an iron vein. Woodward. SHOAL §, shole. 295. n. s. [j-ceole, Sax.] A crowd . a great muliitude ; a throng. Bacon. A shallow * a sand-bank. Abbot. To SHOAL, sh&le. v.n. To crowd; to throng Chapman. To be shallow; to grow shallow. Milton. SHOAL, shole. a. Shallow ; obstructed or encum- bered with banks. Spenser. SHO'ALINESS, sh^-le-nes. n. s. Shallowness; fre- quency of shallow places. SHOA'LY, sh6'-le. a. Full of shoals; full of shallow places. SHOCKS sh&k. n.s. [choc, old Fr. ; schock, Teut.] Conflict ; mutual impression of violence ; violent concourse. Milton. Concussion ; external violence. Judge Hale. The conflict of enemies. Milton. Offence; impression of disgust. Young, [shocke, Teut.] A pile of sheaves of corn. Tusser. [from shag.] A rough dog. Locke. To SHOCK, sh6k. v. a. [jceacan, Sax.; schocken, Germ.] To shake by violence. To meet force with force ; to encounter. Shak. To offend ; to disgust. Dryden. To SHOCK, sh&k. v. n. To meet witn hostile vio- lence. Pope. To be offensive. Addison. To SHOCK, sh&k. v. n. To build up piles of sheaves. Tusser. SHO'CKINGLY* shok'-mg-le. ad. So as to disgust; offensively. Ld. Chesterfield. SHOD, for shoed, sh&d. The preterit and participle passive of To shoe. Tusser. SHOE §,sh65. 296. n. s. plural shoes, anciently shoon. [r-co, Sax. ; schu, Germ. ; shohs, M. Goth.] The cover of the foot; of horses as well as men. Sluxk. To SHOE, sh§&. v. a. preterit I shod ; participle passive shod. To fit the foot with a shoe : used commonly of horses. Shak. To cover the bottom. Drayton. SHOE'BLACK*, sh55 / -blak. n. s. [shoe and black.] One who cleans shoes. SHOE'BOY, shSS'-bde. n. s. A boy that cleans shoes. Swift. SHOE'ING-HORN, shSo'-fng-horn. n. s. A horn used to facilitate the admission of the foot into a narrow shoe. Any thing by which a transaction is facilitated ; any thing used as a medium : in contempt. Spectator. SHOE'MAKER, shoS'-mi-kur. n. s. One whose trade is to make shoes Watts. SHO'ER*, sh&o'-ur. n. s. [rcoejie, Sax.] One who SHO SHO \£T 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— ring, met ;— pine, pir used ; in some places, of a fitg the foot with a shoe farrier. SHOE' STRING*, shoo'-strlng. n. s. A string- or rib- and with which the shoe is tied. Randolph. SHOL'TYE, shfid'-tl. n. s. The riband with which women tie^ their shoes. Crashaw. SHOG§, shog k n.s. Violent concussion. Dryden. To SHOG, shog. o. a . To shake ; to agitate by sud- den, interrupted impulses. Wiclijfe. To SHOG*, sh6g. v. n. To move off; to be gone ; ^ to jog. Hall. AJow word. SHO'GGING*, shog'-ging. n. s. Concussion ; agita- tion. Harmar. To SHO'GGLE*. shog'-gl. v. a. To shake about; to joggle. Pegge. SHONE, shon. "The preterit of shine. Milton. &*T This word is frequently pronounced so as to rhyme with tone ; but the short sound of it is by far the most usual among those wiio may be styled polite speakers. This sound is adopted by Mr. Elpbinston, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, [shun, Perry,] and Mr. Smith ; nor do I find the other sound in any of- our dictionaries that have the word. W. SHOOK, shook. 306. The preterit and, in poetry, participle passive ofsJiake. Dryden. SHOON*. See Shoe. To SHOOT §, sh66t. v. a. preterit I sliot ; partici- ple shot or shotten. [pcofcian, Sax. ; skiota, Ice!.] To discharge any thing so as to make it fly with speed or violence. Milton. To discharge as from a bow or gun. Shak. To let off: used of the in- strument. Abbot. To strike with any thing shot. Ex. xix. To emit new parts, as a vegetable. Ezek. xxxi. To emit ; to dart or thrust forth. Milton. To push suddenly : so we say, to shoot a bolt or lock. Dryden.. To push forward. Psalms. To fit to each other by planing : a workman's term. Moxon. To pass through with swiftness. Dryden. To SHOOT, shSot. v. re. To perform the act of shoot- ing, or emitting a missile weapon. Genesis. To germinate ; to increase in vegetable growth. Ba- con. To form itself into any shape by emissions from a radical particle. Bacon. To be emitted. Dryden. To protuberate ; to jet out. Abbot. To pass as an arrow. Addison. To become any thing by sudden growth. Milton. To move swiftly along. Milton. To feel a quick, glancing pain. Tatler. SHOOT, sh63t. n. s. The act or impression of any thing emitted from a distance. Bacon. The act of striking, or endeavouring to strike, with a missive weapon discharged by any instrument. Sluik. [scheulen, Dut.] Branches issuing from the main stock. Bacon. A ) r oung swine ; a grice. Cotgrace. 6H00TER, sh86t'-fir. 93. n. s. One that shoots ; an archer ; a gunner. Ascham. sHOO'TING*, shOot'-ing. n. s. [ r cofcun^, Sax.] Act of emitting as from a gun or bow. Sprat. Sen- sation of quick pain. Goldsmith. 'iHOP §, shop. n. s. [yceoppa, Sax. ; eschoppe, Fr.] A place where any thing is sold. Shakspeare. A room in which manufactures are carried on. Shak- speare. ifo SHOP, sh&p. v. n. To frequent shops : as, They are shopping. fflOTBOARD, sh6p'-b6rd. n. s. Bench on which any work is done. Hudibras. SHOPBOOK, shop'-boSk. n. s. Book in which a tradesman keeps his accounts. Locke. ■-5HOPE*, shope. old pret. of shape. Shaped. Spen- ser. 6HOTKEEPER, shop'-keep-ur. n. s. A trader who sells in a shop ; not a merchant, who only deals by wholesale. Addison. SHOPLIFTER*, shop'-lift-ttr. n. s. [from shop, and lift, to rob.] One who, under pretence of buy- ing, takes occasion to steal goods out of a shop. Swift. 3HO'PLIFTING* ; shop'-llft-ing. n. s. The crime of a shoplifter. SHOPLIKE*, shop'-llke. a. Low ; vulgar. B. Jon- son. SHOTMAN, shop'-man. 88. n.s. A petty trader Dryden. One who serves in a shop. Johnson. SHORE, sh6re. The preterit of shear. Shakspeare. SHORE §, shore, n. s. [pcope, Sax.] The coast of the sea. Milton. The bank of a river. Spenser. A drain : properly sewer, [schoore, Teut.] The sup- port of a building; a buttress. Watts. To SHORE, shire, v. a. [sclworen, Teut.] To prop; to support. Knolles. To set on shore. Shakspeare. SHQ'KED*, shord. a. Having a bank or shore. Mirror for Magistrates. SHO'RELESS, shore'-les. a. Having no coast, boundless. Junius. SHOT* LING. [SHOREL1NG, sh6re'-]?ng, Perry.] n. s. The felt or skin of a sheep shorn, SHORN, sh6rne. The part. pass, of shear. Milton. §Cr This word was inadvertently marked with the third sound of 0, in the first edition of this [Walker's] dic- tionary ; but, from considering its analogy with smear, wear, and tear, I do not hesitate to alter it to the first sound of that vowel: Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Smith, and W. Johnston, are for the first pronunciation ; but Mr. Perry, Mr. Nates, and Mr. Elpbinston, are for the last: and these authorities, with analogy on their side, arc decisive. W. SHORT $, short. 167. a. [j-ceojifc, Sax.] Not long; commonly not long enough. Pope. Not long in space or extent. Milton. Not long in time or du ration. Job, xvii. Repealed by quick iterations. Sidney. Not adequate; not equal. Sidney. De- fective; imperfect; not attaining the end; not reaching the intended point. Milton. Not far dis- tant in time. Clarendon. Scanty; wanting. Hay- ward. Not fetching a compass. U Estrange. Not going so far as was intended. Dryden. Defective as to quantity. Dryden. Narrow; contracted Burnet. Brittle; friable. Walton. Not bending Dryden. Laconick ; brief: as, a short answer. SPIORT, shdrt. n.s. A summary account. Shak. SHORT, sh6rt. ad. [Only used in composition.] Not long. Dn/den. To SHORT*, shSrt. v.n. [schorten, Germ.; ge- j-eypfcan, Sax.] To fail ; to be deficient ; to de- crease. The Book of Good Manners. To SHORT* sh6rt. «. a. [ycypfcan, Sax.] To ab- breviate; to shorten. Chaucer. SHORTDA'TED*, short-da'-ted. a. [short aad date.] Having little time to run. Sandys. To SHO'RTEN, sh6r'-tn. 103. v. a. [ycyptan Sax.] To make short, either in time or space Hooker. To contract; to abbreviate. Suckling To confine; to hinder from progression. Spenser To lop. Dn/den. SHORTHAND, shorthand, n. s. [short and hand.] A method of writing in compendious characters. Dryden. SHORTLIVED, sh6rt-llvd'. 59. a. Not living or lasting' long. Dryden. SHORTLY, short'-le. ad. [ r ceopthce, Sax.] Quickly; soon; in a little time. Shak. In a few words ;" briefly. Bp. Hall. SHORTNESS, shdrt'-nes. n. s. [j-ceojitny-j-j-e, Sax.] The quality of being short, either in time or space. Shak. Fewness of words ; brevity ; con- ciseness. Hooker. Want of reach ; want of capa- city. Bacon. Deficience ; imperfection. GlaJirille. SHO'RTRIBS, shdrt-rfbz'. n.s. The bastard ribs; the ribs below the sternum. Wiseman. SHORTSIGHTED, shSrt-sI'-teU a. Unable by the convexity of the eye to see far. Newton. Unable by intellectual sight to see far. Denham. SHORTSIGHTEDNESS, sbert-sKted-ngs. n. s. Defect of sight, proceeding from the convexity oi the eve. Chamb. Defect of intellectual sight. Addis. SHORTWAISTED, sh6rt-wast'-ed. a. Having a short bodv. Dryden. SHORTWINDED, shorl-wmd'-ed. a. [short and wind.] Shortbreathed ; asthmatick ; pursive ; breathing bv quick and faint reciprocations. Shak SHORT WINGED, shSrt-wlngd'. a. Having short wings. SHORTWFTTED*, shSrt-wft'-ted. a. Simple; not wise : without wit ; scant of wit. Hales. 834 SHO SHR -n6, m3ve, nflr, not; — tube., tub, bull;— S'il;— pound; — thin, THis. SHO'RY, sh6'-re. a. [from shore.] Lying near the coast. But-net. SHOT, shot. The preterit and participle passive of shoot. Spenser. SHOT of*, shSi'-ov. part. Discharged ; quit ; freed from : as, He cannot get shot oj it. SHOT §, shot. n. s. [schot, Dutch.] The act of shoot- ing. Sidney. The missile weapon emitted by any instrument. Shak. The flight of a missile weapon. Gen. xxi. Any thing emitted, or cast forth. Raij. [escot, Fr.; rceate, Sax.] A sum charged; a reck- oning. Shakspeare. SHOTE.sh6te.n.s. [rceofca, Sax.] A fish. Carew. SHO TFREE, shot'-lree. a. Clear of the reckoning. Sliakspeare. Not to be hurt by shot; not to be in- jured. Feltham. Unpunished. SHO'TTEN, shot'-tn. 103. a. Having ejected the spawn. Shak. Curdled by keeping too long. Shoot- ing out into angles. Sliak. Sprained; dislocated. Shakspeare. SHOUGH, shok. 321, 392. n. s. [for shock.} A spe- cies of shaggy dog ; a shock. Sliakspeare. SHOUGH*, shoo, interj. [sheuchen, Germ.] An ex- clamation used in driving away fowls : pronounced shoo. Beaumont and Fletclier. SHOULD, shad. 320. [See Been.] v. n. [yceolban. Sax. ; schuld, Teut. ; shidde, pi. shulden, old Engl. See Shall.] This is a kind of auxiliary verb used in the conjunctive mood, of which the signification is not easilv fixed. SHOULDER §, shol'-dur. 313. [See Mould.] n.s. [rculbp.©, Sax. ; sclwlder, Teut.] The joint which connects the arm to the body. Shak. The upper joint of the foreleg of edible animals. Shak. The upper part of the back. Dry den. The shoulders are used as emblems of strength, or the act of sup- porting - . Sliak. Arising part; a prominence: a term among artificers. Moxon. To SHO'ULDER, shol'-dur. v. a. To push with in- solence and violence. Spenser. To put upon the shoulder. Glanville. SHO'ULDERBELT, sh6l'-dur-belt. n.s. A belt that comes across tlie shoulder. Dryden. SHOULDERBLADE, sh6l'-dur-blade. n. s. The scapula ; the blade bone to which the arm is con- nected. Job, xxxi. SHO'ULDERCLAPPER, sb6l'-dur-klup-pur. n. s. [shoulder and clap.] A bailiff*. Shakspeare. SHOTJLDERKNOT*, shol'-d&r-n&t. n. s. An epau- let ; a knot of lace or riband worn on the shoulder. Swift. SHO'ULDERSHOTTEN, shol'-d&r-sh&t-tn. a. Strained in the shoulder. See Shotten. SHO'ULDERSLIP, sh6l'-dfir-slip. n. s. [shoulder and slip.] Dislocation of the shoulder. Sicift. SHOUTS, shout, n.s. [rceate, Sax.] A loud and ve- hement crv of triumph or exultation. Sliakspeare. To SHOUT, shout. 313. v. n. To cry in triumph or exultation. Ps. xlvii. To SHOUT*, shout. v. a. To treat with noise and shouts. Bp. Hall. SHORTER, shout' -fir. 98. n. s. He who shouts. Dryden. SHOTTING* shout'-fng. n. s. Act of shouting; loud cry. Zech. iv. To SHOVE §, shuv. 165. v. a. [rcupan, Sax.; schuyjfen, schuyven, Teut.] To push by main strength. Sluik. To drive by a pole that reaches to the bottom of the water : as, He shoved his boat. To push ; to rush against. To SHOVE, shuv. v. n. To push forward before one. Swift. To move in a boat, not by oars but a pole. Garth. SHOVE, shuv. n.s. The act of shoving, a push. Swift. SHO'VEL§, shuv'-vl. 102. n. s. [rcopl, Sax.] An instrument consisting of a long" handle and broad blade with raised edges. Tusser. To SHO'VEL, shuv'-vl. v. a. To throw or heap with a shovel. Sluik. To gather in great quanti- ties. Dei-ham. SHOWELBOARD, shuv'-vl-b6rd. n. s. A long board on which they play by sliding metal pieces at a mark. Dryden. SHO'VELLER, shiV-vl-fir. ) „ c . . . , ~ M SHO'VELARD,shuv'-vl-ftrd. \n.s.Abnd. Greu To SHOW $, sh6. 324. v. a. pret. showed and shown ; part. pass. show??., [rceapan, Sax. ; Sclwwen, Dut.] To exhibit to view, as an agent. Shale. To afford to the eye or notice ; as a thing containing or ex- hibiting. Milton. To make to see. Milton. To make to perceive. Milton. To make to know Milton. To give proof of; to prove. Milton. To publish ; to make publick ; to proclaim. 1 Pet. ii. To inform ; to teach. St. John, xvi. To make known. Ex. ix. To conduct ; to show the way. Swift. To offer; to afford. Job, vi. To explain: to expound. Dan. v. To discover; to point out. Milton. j To SHOW, sho. v. n. To appear ; to look ; to be in appearance. Shak. To have appearance ; to be- come well or ill. Shakspeare. SHOW, sh6. ?i. s. A spectacle; something publickly exposed to view for money. Addison. Superficial appearance; not reality. Milton. Ostentatious display. Milton. Object attracting notice. Addison. Publick appearance : contrary to concealment. Milton. Semblance; likeness. Shak. Specious- ness; plausibility. Whitgift. External appear- ance. Sidney. Exhibition to view. Shak. Pomp ; magnificent spectacle. Bacon. Phantoms ; not reality. Dryden. Representative action. Ad- ! dison. | SHO'WBREAD, or Shewbread, sh6'-bred. n. &. [shoiv and bread.] Among the Jews, they thus call- i ed loaves of bread that the priest of the week put ! every Sabbath-day upon the golden table, which I was in the sanctum before the Lord. They were I covered with leaves of gold, and were twelve in I number, representing the twelve tribes of Israel. They served them up hot, and took away the stale I ones, which could not be eaten but by the priest alone. This offering was accompanied with frank ! incense and salt. Ex. xxv. 1 SHO'WER*, sh6'-fir. n. s. One who shows. | SHO'WER $, sh6u'-ftr. 323. n.s. [rcup, r c yup, Sax. ; scheure, Teut.] Rain, either moderate or violent. Bacon. Storm of any thing falling thick. Pope. Anv very liberal distribution. Shakspeare. To SHO'WER, shou'-ur. v. a. To wet or drown with rain. Milton. To pour down. Milton. To distribute or scatter with great liberality. Wotton. To SHO'WER. sh6u'-ur. v. n. To be rainy. SHOWERLESS, sh6u'-iir-les. a. Without showers A rmstrong. SHO'WERY, sh6u'-ur-e. a. Rainy. Bacon. I SHQ'WILY* sh6'-e-le. ad. In a showy way. ! SHO'WINESS*, sh6'-e-nes. n.s. State of being showy. SHO'WISH, sW-hh. a. Splendid ; gaudy. Swift Ostentatious. SHOWN, shone, pret. and part. pass, of To show. Exhibited. Milton. SHO'WY, sh6'-e. a. Splendid; gaudy. Addison Ostentatious. Addison. To SHRAG §*, shrag. v. a. [rcpeaban, Sax.] To lop ; to trim : as, to shrag trees. Huloet. SHR AG*, shrag. n. s. A twig of a tree cut off. Hu- loet. SHRA'GGER*, shrag'-gur. n.s. A lopper ; one that trims trees. Huloet. SHRANK, shrank. The preterit of shrink. Gen. xxxii. SHRAP* shrap. ) n.s. A place baited with chaff j SHRAPE*, shrape. $ to entice birds. Bp. BedelL i To SHRED §, shred, v. a. pret. shred, [rcpeaban, j Sax.] To cut into small pieces. 2 Kings. SHRED, shr£d. n. s. A small piece cut off. Bacon. A fragment. Shakspeare. SHRE'DDING*, shrgd'-dfng. n. s. [rcjiebun^, Sax.] What is cutoff. Hooker. To SHREW i*. shroo. v. a. [ryppan, Sax.] To be- shrew ; to curse. Chaucer. Ob. T. SHREW, shr66. 2G5, 339. n. s. [ryppan, Sax.] A SHR SHR tCT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— peevish, malignant, clamorous, spiteful, vexatious, turbulent woman. Shakspeare. SHREWD, shr66d. a. [the participle of the verb shrew.] Having the qualities of a shrew 3 mali- cious; troublesome; mischievous. Shale. Mali- ciously sly; cunning; more artful than good. Til- lotson. Bad; ill-betokening. South. Painful; pinching; dangerous; mischievous. Sha/espeare. SHRE'WDLY, shroSd'-le. ad. Mischievously; de- structively. Sluxk. Vexatiously. South. With good guess. Locke. SHRE' WDNESS, shroSd'-nes. n.s. Mischievousness ; petulance. Chaucer. Sly cunning; archness. Slta/c. SHRE' WISH, shrda'-ish. a. Having the qualities of a shrew ; froward; petulantly clamorous. Sluik. SHRE' WISHLY, shr66'-!sh-le. ad. Petulantly ; peev- ishly; clamorously; frowardly. Shakspeare. SHREWISHNESS, shro&'rish-nes. n.s. The quali- ties of a shrew; frowardness; petulance; clamor- ousness. Shakspeare. SHRE'WMOUSE, shrSo'-m6use. n. s. frcneapa, Sax.] A mouse of which the bite is generally sup- posed venomous, but is equally harmless with that of any other mouse. To SHRIEK §, shreek. 275. v. n. [shraeka, Icel. ; shri- ka, Su. Goth.] To cry out inarticulately with anguish orhorrour; to scream. Spenser. SHRIEK, shreek. n. s. An inarticulate cry of anguish or horrour. Spenser. SHRIE'VAL*, shree'-val. a. Belonging to the skrieve or sheriff. Absalom and Achilophel. SHRIEVE*, shreev. 275. n. s. A corruption of sheriff. $!jr This was the ancient mode of writing and pronounc- ing this word. Stow, indeed, writes it shrive f but it is highly probable that the i had exactly the sound of ie in grieve, thieve, &c. ; and the common people of Lon- don to this day have preserved this old pronunciation, though it is wearing away fast among them. To be convinced, that this is the true etymological manner of writing and pronouncing it, we need but attend to the Saxon word from which it is derived: reve, or reeve, signifies a steward ; and shrieve is but a contractio - of shire reeve, or shire steicard. But, however just this orthography and pronunciation may be in other respects, it wants the true stamp of polite usage to make it cur- rent ; it is now grown old and vulgar, and Pope's use of this word, " Now mayors and shrieves all hush'd and satiate lay, " must only bo looked upon as assisting the humour of the scene he describes. TV. SHRIEVALTY*, shree'-val-te. n. s. Sheriffalty. tyCF" By a caprice com non in language, this compound is not nearly so antiquated as its simple ; though it should seem, that, if the old root be taken away, and another planted in its stead, the branches ought to spring from the latter, and not the former. But, though we 6eldom hear shrieve for sheriff, except among the lower classes of people in London, we not unfrequently hear, even among the better sort, shrievalty for sheriffalty ; and Junius, in one of his letters to the Duke of Grafton, says, " Your next appearance in office is marked with his election to the shrievalty." Publick Advertiser, July 9, 1771. This is certainly an inaccuracy ; and such an inaccuracy, in such a writer as Junius, is not a little surprising. TV. SHRIFT, shrift, n.s. [ycipt,Sax.] Confession made to a priest. SJiakspeare. SHRIGHT, for shrieked. Cliaucer. SHRIGHT*. 71. s. A shriek. Spenser. SHRILL §, shrll. a. [a word supposed to be made in imitation of the thing expressed.] Sounding with a piercing, tremulous, or vibratory sound. Slmk. To SHRILL, shrll. v. n. To pierce the ear with sharp and quick vibrations of sound. Spenser. To SHRILL*, shrll. v. a. To express in a shrill manner; to cause to make a shrill sound. Spenser. SHRPLLNESS, shril'-nes. n. s. The quality of being shrill. Smith. SHRPLLY, shrfl'-le, ad. With a shrill noise. More. SHRIMP §, shrimp, n.s. [schrumpe, Germ. ; scrympe, Danish.] A small, crustaceous, vermiculated fish. Carew. A little wrinkled man ; a dwarf. Shak. To SHRIMP*, shrimp, v. a. To contract. Ecfiard. SHRINE, shrine, n.s. [{-cm, Sax.; minium, Lat.1 A case in which something sacred is reposited. Sidney. To SHRINK, shrink. v.?i. pret. I shrunk, or shrank ■ part, shrunken, [j-cjimean, Sax.] To contract it self into less room ; to shrivel ; to be drawn to gether by some internal power. Shak. To with draw as from danger. Dry den. To express fear, hor rour, or pain, by shrugging, or contracting the body Hooker. To fall back as from danger. Daniel. To SHRINK, shrink, v. a. part. pass, shrunk, shrank, or shrunken. To make to shrink. Slutkspeare. SHRINK, shrink, n. s. Corrugation ; contraction into less compass. Woodward. Contraction of the body from fear or horrour. Daniel. SHRI'NKER, shrlnk'-ftr. 98. n. s. One who shrinks. Old Sear-Song. SHRFNKING*, shrlnk'-lng. n. s. Act of falling back as from danger, or of drawing back through fear. Smith. SHRPVALTY, shrlv'-al-te. n. s. Corrupted for Sheriffalty. To SHRIVE$, shrive, v. a. [>cjiij:an, Sax.; skrif- ta, Su. Goth.] To hear at confession. Shak. Ob. J. To SHRIVE*, shrive, v. n. To administer confes- sion. Spenser. SHRPVING*, shrl'-vlng. n. s. Shrift. Spenser. To SHRPVEL §, shriv'-v'l. 102. v.n. [perhaps anoth- er form ofrivel. See To Rivel.] To contract it- self into wrinkles. Evehjn. To SHRPVEL, shrlv'-v'l. v. a. To contract into wrinkles. Sandys. SHRPVER, shrl'-vur. 98. n. s. A confessor. Shak. SHROUD §, shroud. 313. n.s. [rcjiub. Sax.] A shel- ter ; a cover. Shak. The dress of the dead ; a wind- ing-sheet. Shak. The sail-ropes. It seems to be taken sometimes for the sails. Sidney. The branch of a tree. Warton. To SHROUD, shroud, v. a. To shelter ; to cover from danger as an agent. Spenser. To shelter ; as the thing covering. Raleigh. To dress for the grave. Bacon. To clothe; to dress. To cover or conceal. Spenser. To defend ; to protect. Waller. []-cjieaban, Sax. See To Shrag.] To cut or lop off the top branches of trees. Chambers. To SHROUD, shroud, v.n. To harbour; to take shelter. Milton. SHROU'DY*, shrdud'-e. a. Affording shelter. Mil- ton. MS. of Comus, Trin. Coll. Camb. To SHROVE §#, shr6ve. v. n. To join in the pro- cessions, sports, and feastings, anciently observed at shrovetide. Beaumont and Fletcher. SHROYETIDE, shrove'-tlde. ) SHRO'VETUESDAY, shrive-uW-de. 223. \ [from shrove, the preterit of shrive.'] The time of confession ; the day before Ash-Wednesday or Lent, on which anciently they went to confession Tusser. SHRO'VING*, shr6'-v?ng. n.s. The festivity of shrovetide. Hales. SHRUBS, shrub, n.s. frcpob, Sax.] A bush ; a small tree. Locke, [sharab, Arabick.] Spirit, acid, and sugar mixed. To SHRUB*, shrub, v. a. To rid from bushes or trees. Anderson. SHRUBBERY*, shrub'-bur-e. n. s. A plantation of shrubs. Graves. SHRUBBY, shrub ; -be. a. Resembling a shrub. Mortimer. Full of shrubs ; bushy. Milton. Con- sisting of shrubs. Phillips. SHRUFF, shruf. n. s. Dross ; the refuse of metal tried by the fire. Diet. To SHRUG §, shrug, v. n. [schricken, Dutch ; skru- ka, Su.] To express horrour or dissatisfaction by motion of the shoulders or whole body. Sidney. To SHRUG, shrug, v. a. To contract or draw up. Florio. SHRUG, shrug, n. s. A motion of the shoulders, usually expressing dislike or aversion. Cleaveland. SHRUNK, shrunk. The preterit and part, passive of shrink. Sidney. 836 SIR SID -116, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — th'm, SHRUNKEN, shrflnk'-k'n. 103. The part, passive of shrink. Spenser. JbSHU'DDER$, shftd'-dur. 93. v. n. [shidtern, Germ. ; sclmdden, Teut.] To quake with fear, or with aversion. Shakspeare. SHUDDER*, shud'-dfir. n.s. A tremour; the state of trembling Shafcspeare. To SHUTTLE $, shfifMl. 405. v. a. [rcuran, Sax. | To throw into disorder ; to agitate tumultuous! y, so as that one thing- takes the place of another : to con- fuse ; to throw together tumulluously. Beaumont and Fletclier. To change the position of cards with respect to each other. Bacon. To remove, or introduce with some artificial or fraudulent tumult. Shak.— To slwjfle off. To get rid of. Shale. To shdjk up. To form lumuhuuusly, or fraudulently. Bacon. To SHU'FFLE, shuf-fl. v. n. To throw the cards into a new order. Granville. To play mean tricks ; to practise fraud; to evade fair questions. Shafc. To struggle; to shift. Shafc. To move with an irregularjgait. Shafcspeare. SHU'EFLE, shuf-fl. 405. n. s. The act of disorder- ing things, or making them take confusedly the place of each other. Bentley. A trick; an artifice. L' Estrange. SHU FFLEBOARD*, shuf-fl-b6rd. n, s. The old i ) ame of shoivl board. SHU'FFLECAP, shfif-fl-kap. n.s. [shujk, , Lat.] Causing drvness. SI'CCIT Y, sik'-se-te. n.s. [siccite, Fr. ; siccitas, Lat.] Dryness ; -aridity ; want of moisture. Bacon. SICE, size. n.s. [sir, Fr.] The number six at dice. Dniden. SICH, sftsh. a. Such. Spenser. SICK§, sik. a. [siuks, Goth. ; ]*eoc, Sax. ; seke, old Eng.] Afflicted with disease. Shak. Disordered in the organ.; of digestion ; ill in the stomach. Corrupted. Shak. Disgusted. ShaJcspeare. To SICK, slk. v. n. To sicken ; to take a disease. Sliakspeare. To SFCKEN, sik'-k'n. 103. r. a. To make sick; to disease. Prior. To weaken; to impair. Shak. To SFCKEN, sik'-k'n. v. n. To grow sick ; to fall into disease. Shak. To be satiated; to be filled to disgust. Shak. To be disgusted, or disordered with abhorrence. Dryden. To grow weak ; to decay; to languish. Pope. SFCKER$,slk'-fir. a. [sifcer, seker, Su. Goth.; sicher, Germ.; securus, Lat.] Sure; certain; firm. Spen- ser. Oh. J. SFCKER, sik'-ur. ad. Surely; certainly. Spenser. Ob. J. SFCKERLY*. sik'-ur-le. ad. Surely. Robinson. SFCKERNESSMk'-ur-nes. n.s. Security. Spenser. SFCKISH*. slk'-ish. a. Somewhat sick ; inclined to be sick. Hafceicill. SFCKLE3, sik'-kl. 405. n.s. [rieol. Sax.; sv.kel, Dutch ; from secale, or sicula, Lat.] The hook with which corn is cut ; a reaping-hook. Spenser. SFCKLED*, sik'-kld. a. Supplied with a sickle ; carrying a sickle. Thomson. SFCKLEWORT*, sik'-kl-wfirt. n. s. [rieol-pypfc, Sax.] A plant. SICKLEMAN,s?k'-kl-man.^ A g; ^ SFCKLER. sik'-kl-ur. 98. S * SICKLINESS, sik'-le-nes. n. s. Disposition to sick ness; habitual disease. Sliakspeare. SI'CKLY, sik'-le. ad. Not in health. ShaJcspeare. SFCKLY, sik'-le. a. Not healthy; not sound; not well; somewhat disordered. Shafc. Faint; weak; languid. Dnrhm. T SICKLY/ slk'-le. v.a. To make diseased; to taint with the hue of disease. Sliakspeare. SFCKNESS, sik'-nes. n. s. Slate of being diseased, Shak. Disease ; malady. Shak. Disorder in the organs of digestion. S1DE§, side. n. s. [r-ibe, Sax. ; sijde, Dutch.] The parts of animals fortified by the ribs. Spenser. Any part of any body opposed to any other part. Ex. xxxii. The right or left. Dryden. Margin; edge; verge. Roscommon. Any kind of local respect. Milton. Party ; interest; faction ; sect. Shak. Any part placed in contradistinction or opposition to another. It is used of persons, or propositions re- specting each other Knolles. It is used to note consanguinity; as, He's cousin by his mothers or father's side. Parnel. SIDE, side. a. Lateral. Ex. xii. Oblique; indirect Hooker, [yibe, yib, Sax.; side, Dan.] Long; broad ; large ; extensive. Sliakspeare. To SIDE, side. v. n. To lean on one side. Bacon. To take a party ; to engage in a faction. Shck. To SIDE*, side. v. a. To be at the side of; to stand at the side of. Spenser. To suit; to pair. Ld. Clarendon.. SFDEBOARD, slde'-b6rd. n. s. [side and board.] The side table on which conveniences are placed for those that eat at the othe: table M'dlon. 837 SIG SIG [T? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— SFDEBOX, slde'-b6ks. n. s. Enclosed seat on the side of the theatre. Pope. Sl'DEFIA, slde'-Oi. n. s. An insect. Derham. SFDELONG, slde'-long. a. [side and long.] Later- al ; oblique ; not in front ; not direct. Dryden. SFDELONG. slde'-long. ad. Laterally; obliquely; not in pursuit ; not in opposition. Milton. On the side. Evelyn. SI'DER*, sl'-dur. n. s. One who joins a party, or engages in a faction. Sheldon. SI'DER, sl'-d&r. 98. n. s. See Cider. SFDERAL §, sld'-der-al. a. [sidus, Lat.] Starry; as- tral. Milton. SI'DERATED, sld'-d^r-a-ted. a. [sideratus, Lat.] Blasted; planet struck. Brown. SIDERA'TION, sfd-de>-a'-shun. n.s. [Fr.; sidera- tio, Lat.] A sudden mortification, or, as the com- mon people call it, a blast ; or a sudden deprivation of sense, as in an apoplexy. Ray. SIDE'REAL* sl-de'-re-al. a. [sidereus, Lat.] As- tral ; starry; relating to the stars. Coventry. SFDERITE*, sid'-ur-lte.ra. s. [sideritis, Lat.] A loadstone. Brewer. SFDESADDLE, slde'-sad-dl. n. s. [side aud saddle.] A woman's seat on horseback. Skelton. SFDESMAN, sldz'-man. 83. n. s. [side and man.] An assistant to the churchwarden. Avliffe. SI'DETAKING*, side'-ta-kfng. n. s. Engagement in a faction or party. Bp. Hall. SFDEWAYS, slde'-waze. ) ad. [side and way, or SFDEWISE : side'-wlze. $ tra.] Laterally; on one side. Milton. SFDING*, sl'-dmg. n s. Engagement in a faction. Kwg Charles. To SFDLE, si'-dl. 405. v. n. To go with the body the narrowest way. Swift. To lie on the side. Swift. To saunter. SIEGE y, sedje. n.s. [siege, Fr.] The act of besetting a fortified place ; a leaguer. Sliak. Any continu- ed endeavour to gain possession. Sliak. [siege, Fr.] Seat; throne. Spenser. Place; -?lass; rank. Shak. [siege, Fr.] Stool. Brown. To SIEGE, sedje. v. a. [sieger, Fr.] To besiege. Spenser. Ob. J. SIEVE, sfv. 277. n. s. [yipe, ]*ype, Sax.] Hair or lawn strained upon a hoop, by which flour is separated from bran, or fine powder from coarse ; a bolter; a searce. Shak. A basket. Darenant To SIFTy, sift. ». a. [j-ipran, Sax. ; si/ten, Dutch.] To separate by a sieve. Wotton. To separate ; to part. Dryden. To examine ; to trv. Hooker. SFFTER, slf-tfir. 98. n. s. One who sifts. SIG was used by the Saxons for victory : Sigbert, famous for victory ; Sigward, victorious preserver. Gibson. To SIGH, si. r. n. [j'ican, yicetefcan, Sax. ; suchten, Dutch.] To emit the breath audibly, as in griefi Shakspeare. To SIGH, si. v. a. To lament ; to mourn. Prior. SIGH. si. n. s. A violent and audible emission of the breath which has been long retained, as in sadness. Sidney. Tgj= A very extraordinary pronunciation of this word pre- vails in London, and, what is move extraordinary, on the stage, so different from every other word of the same form as to make it a perfect oddity in the lan- guage. This pronunciation approaches to the word sit.hr. ; and the only difference is. that sithe has the flat aspiration as in this ; and sigh the sharp one, as in thin. It is not jasy to conjecture what could he the reason of this departure from analogy, unless it were to give the word a sound winch seems an echo to the sense; and, if this intention had gone no farther than the lengthening or shortening of a vowel, it might have been admitted, as in fearful, cheerful, pierce, fierce, great, leisure, and some others ; hut pronouncing gh like th. in this word, is too palpable a contempt of or- thography to pass current, without the stamp of the best, the most universal and permanent usage on its side. The Saxon comhination gU, according to the general rule, both in the middle and at the end of a woid, is silent. It had anciently a guttural pronuncia- tion, which is still retained in great part of Scotland, and in some of the northern parts of England : but eve- ry guttural sound ha3 been lon<: since banished from the language ; not. however, without some efforts to con- tinue, by changing these letters, sometimes into the re- lated guttural consonant k, as in lough, hough, &cc, and sometimes into a consonant entirely unrelated to them, as in laugh, cough, &c. These are the only transmuta- tions of these letters ; and these established irregulari- ties are quite sufficient, without admitting such as are only candidates for confusion. If it oe pleaded that sithc better expresses the emission of breath in the act of sighing, it may be answered, that nothing can be more erroneous, as the tongue and teeth have nothing to do in this action. Mr. Sheridan has, indeed, to assist this expression, spelt the word sih, as an aspiration must necessarily accompany the act of sighing; but, (to take no notice that, in this case, the h ought to be be- fore the i,) 397, though such expression may be very proper in oratory, when accompanied by passion, it would be as affected to give it this aspiration in ordi- nary speech, as to pronounce the word fearful with a tremour of the voice and a faltering of the tongue, or to utter the word laugh with a convulsive motion of the breast and lungs. To these reasons may be added the laws of rhyme, which necessarily exclude this af- fected pronunciation, and oblige us to give the word its true analogical sound: "Love is a smoke, rais'd with the fume of sighs ; "Being purg'd, a fire, sparkling in lovers 1 eyes." Shakspeare. TV. SFGHER*, si'-ur. n. s. One who sighs. Beaumont and Fletcher. SFGHING*, si'-ing. n. s. The act of emitting the breath audibly, as in grief. Psalm xii. SIGHTS, site. 393. n.s. [£epiSe, Sax.; sicht, gesichi, Dutch.] Perception by the eye ; the sense of seeing. Bacon. Open view; a situation in which nothing obstructs the eye. Daniel. Act of seeing or beholding; view. Davies. Notice; knowledge. Wake. Eye ; instrument of seeing. Dryden. Aper- ture pervious to the eye, or other point fixed t*> guide the eye : as, the sig'.Us of a quadrant. Sihajt spectre. SIGHTED, si'-ted. a. Seeing in a particular mar ner : used only in composition ; as quicksighted, shortsighted. Sidney. SFGHTFULNESS, sitez-fdl-nes. n.s. Perspicuity j clearness of sight. Sidney. Ob. J. SFGHTLESS, she'-les. a. Wanting sight ; blind Pope. Not sightly; offensive to the eye ; unpleas- ing to look at. Shakspeare. Invisible. Shakspeare. SFGHTLINESS*, site'-le-nes. n. s. Appearance pleasing or agreeable to the eye. Fuller. SFGHTLY, site'-le. a. Pleasing to the eye; striking to the view. Shakspeare. SFGILy, sid'-jil. 544. n.s. [sigillum, Lat.] Seal; signature. Dn/den. SFGILLATD7E*, sid'-jll-la-tlv. a. [sigillatif, Fr. ; from sigillum, hat.] Fit to seal; belonging to a seal ; composed of wax. Cotgrave. SIGMO'IDAL*, sig-m6e'-dal. a. [Greek letter sig- ma, and a<5o?.] Curved, like the Greek letter al- ready named : a medical term. Smith. SIGN y, sine. 385. n. s. [>e£n, Sax. ; signe, Fr. ; signum, Lat.] A token of any thing ; that by which any thing is shown. Hooker. A wonder; a mira- cle ; a prodigy. Exod. iv. A picture or token hung at a door, to give notice what is sold within. Donne. A monument; a memorial. Common Prayer. A constellation in the zodiack. Bacon. Note or token given without words. Luke. Mark of distinction ; cognizance. Milton. Typical representation ; symbol. Brerewood. A subscription of one's name : as. a sign manual. To SIGN, sine. v. a. freeman, Sax. ; signer, Fr. ; signo,LpA.] To mark. OJ)ke of Baptism. To de- note ; to show. Shak. To ratify by hand or sea! Dryden. To betoken ; to signify ; to represent typ- icailv. Bp. Taylor. To SIGN*, sine. w. n. To be a sign, or omen. Shak. SIGNAL y, slg'-nal. 88. n.s. [signal, Fr. ; sennale, Span.] Notice given by a sign; a sign that gives notice. Shakspeare. SFGNAL, slg'-nal. a. [signal. Fr.] Eminent ; mem orable ; remarkable. Clarendon. SIGNA'LITY, sfg-nal'-e-te. n. s. Quality of some thing remarkable or memorab e. Brown. SIL SIL — u6, move, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bftll ; --611; — pound ; — th'm, THis. To SIGNALIZE, sfg'-nal-lze. v. a. [signaler, Fr.] To make eminent ; to make remarkable. Addison. SFGNALLY, sig'-nal-e. ad. Eminently ; remarka- bly ; memorably. Seuih. SIGNA'TION, sfg-na'-shon. n. s. [signo.Lat.] Sign given; act of betokening. Broum. SIGNATURE, siig'-na-tare. 463. n.s. {Vrsysigna- tura, Lat.] A sign or mark impressed upon any thing ; a stamp ; a mark. Walls. A mark upon any matter, particularly upon plants, by which their nature or medicinal use is pointed out. Bacon. Proof drawn from marks. Rogers. [Among print- ers.] Some letter or figure to distinguish different sheets. SFGNATURIST, sig'-na-tu-rlst. n. s. One who holds the doctrine of signatures. Brown. SFGNER, sl'-nur. n. s. One that signs. SI'GNET, sig'-net. 99. n.s. [signette, Fr.] A seal commonly used for the seal-manual of a king. Shakspeare. SIGNIFICANCE, sig-nif-fe-kanse. ) n. s. Power SIGNTFICANCY,s?g-nif-fe-kan-se. \ of signifying; meaning. Holder. Force; energy; power of im- pressing the mind. Dryden. Importance; moment; consequence. Addison. SIGNIFICANT $, sig-mf'-fe-kant. a. [slgnifiavt, Fr. ; significans, Lat.] Expressive of something be- yond the external mark. Betokening; standing as a sign of something. Raleigh. Expressive or rep- resentative in an eminent degree ; forcible to im- press the intended meaning. Hooker. Important ; momentous. SIGNIFICANT*, sig-nif -fe-kant. n. s. That which expresses something beyond the external mark. Shak. A token ; that which stands as a sign of something. Wotlon. SIGNFFICANTLY, s?g-nif-fe-kant-le. ad. With force of expression. South. SIGNIFICATION, sig-ne-fe-ka'-shfin. n. s. [Fr. ; significatio, Lat.] The act of making known by signs. South. Meaning expressed by a sign or word. Holder. SIGNIFICATIVE, sig-nif-ie-ka-tiv. a. \significatif, Fr.] Betokening by an external sign. Brerewood. Forcible; strongly expressive. Camden. SIGNFFICAT1VELY*, sfg-nlf-fe-ka-tlv-le. ad. So as to betoken by an external si^n. Abp. Usher. SIGNFFICATOR*, slg-nlf-ie-ka-tfir. n.s. A signif- icatory. Burton. SIGNFFICATORY, sig-nif-fe-ka-lur-e, 512. n. s. That which signifies or betokens. Bp. Taylor. To S1'GNIFY$, sig'-ne-fi. n. a. [signifier, Ft.jsig- nijico, Lat.] To declare by some token or sign ; someiimes simply to declare. Shak. To mean ; to express. Nelson. To import; to weigh. Bp. Tay- lor. To make known ; to declare. Rev. i. To SFGNIFY, sig'-ne-fl. 385. v. n. To express meaning with force. B. Jonson. SLGNIOR*, sene'-yfir. n.s. [signore, Itak] A title of respect among the Italians : with the Turks the grand signior is the emperour. Shakspeare. To SFGNIORIZE*, sene'-yfir-ke. v. a. To exer- cise dominion over ; to subject. Shelton. To SFGNIORIZE*, sene'-yur-ize. v. n. To have dominion. Hewyt. SFGNIORY, sene'-y6-re. 113. n. s. [signoria, Ital.] Lordship; dominion. Shak. Senioritv. Sliak. SFGNPOST, slne'-post. n. s. [sign and post.] That upon which a sign hangs. B. Jonson. SIK* sfk. ) e , „ SIKE*,slke. ) a - Such -^ e7wer - SIKE*, slke. n. s. [ric, rich, Sax.] A small stream or rill ; one which is usually dry in summer. SFKER, sik'-ur. a. and ad. The old word for sure, or surely. Chaucer. See Sicker. SFKERNESS, sk'-ur-nes. n, s. Sureness $ safety. Chaucer. To SILE &#, slle. r. a. [sila, Su. Goth.] To strain, as fresh milk from the cow. SFLENCES, sl'-Ieuse. n.s. [Fr. ; silentiwn, Lat.] The state of holding peace ; forbearance of speech. Job, xxxix. Habitual taciturnity ; not loquacity. Sliak. Secrecy. Stillness ; not noise. Roscommon, Not mention; oblivion; obscurity. MilUm. SFLENCE, sl'-ICnse. inter}. An authoritative re straint of speech. Shakspeare. To SFLENCE, sl'-lense. v. a. To oblige to hold peace ; to forbid to speak. Shak. To still. Waller. SI'LENT, si'-lent. a. [silens, Lat.] Not speaking, mute. Psalm xxii. Not talkative; not loquacious. Broome. Still ; having no noise. Spenser. Want- ing efficacy : a Hebraism. Raleigh. Not men- tioning. Milton. Not making noise or rumour. Dry den. SILE'NTIARY*, sl-lcV-she-a-re. n. s. {silevtiarius. low Lat.] .One who is appointed to take care that silence and proper order be kept in court. One who is sworn not to divulge secrets of state. Bar- row. SFLENTLY, sl'-lent-le. ad. Without speech. Dry- den. Without noise. Dryden. Without mention. Locke. SFLENTNESS*, sl'-Ient-nes. n. s. State or quality of being silent. Ash. SILI'CIOUS, se-llsh'-us. 135, 357. a. [from cilicium.] Made of hair. Brown, [suiceus , or silicius , Lat.] Flinty; full of stones. Kirwan. SILFCULOSE, sl-lik-ku-iose'. 427. a. [silicula, Lat.] Husky ; full of husks. Diet. See Appendix, p. 51. SILl'GINOSE, si-iid-je-n6se'. 427. a. [siligiuosus , Lat.] Made of fine wheat. Diet. SFLING-Dw/t*, slMlng-dish. n. s. [from sile and dish.] A strainer; a colander. Barret. SILIQUA, sil'-le-kwa. 92. n. s. [Lat.] [With gold finers.] A carat of which six make a scruple, [si- tiquc. Fr.] The seed-vessel, husk, cod, or shell, of such plants as are of the pulse kind. Diet. SFLIQCOSE, sll-le-kwose'. ) [See Appendix, p. SFL1QUOUS, sll'-le-kwfis. 3 51.] a. [siliqua, LaL] Having a pod or capsula. Arbulluict. SILK<5, silk. n.s. []-eolc, Sax.] The thread of the worm that turns afterwards to a butterfly. Shak. The stuff made of the worm's thread. Shakspeare. SFLKEN, silk'-kn. 103. a. [reolcen, Sax.] Made of silk. Shak. Soft; tender. Spenser. Dressed in silk. Shakspeare. 'To SI'LKEN*, silk'-kn. v. a. To make soft or smooth. Dyer. SFLK1NESS* sil'-ke-nSs. )n.s. Softness; effemina- SFLKNESS*, silk'-nes. ) cy 5 pusillanimity. B. Jonson. Smoothness. Lord Chesterfield. SI LKMAN*, silk'-man. n.s. A dealer in silk. Sliak. SILKME'RCER, silk'-mer-sur. n. s. {silk and Mer- cer.] A dealer in silk. Johnson. SILKWEA'VER, silk'-we-vur. n. s. One whose trade is to weave silken manufactures. Dryden. SFLKWORM, silk'-wurm. n.s. The worm that spins silk. Bacon. SFLKY, silk'-e. a. Made of silk. Slienstone. Soft} tender. Smith. SILL, sill. n. s. [rile, Sax. ; syll, Icel.] The timber or stone at the foot of the door. Burton. The bot- tom piece in a window frame. Shafts of a wag- on; thills. Grose. SFLLABUB, sil'-la-bub. n. s. A liquor made of milk and wine or cider, and sugar. Wotlon. SFLLILY, sil'-le-le. ad. In a silly manner; simply 3 foolishly. Donne. SFLLINESS, sll'-le-ne's. n.s. Simplicity; weakness; harmless folly. Bentley. Sl'LLY§, slF-le. a. [raeli^. Sax.] Harmless; inno- cent; inoffensive; plain ; artless. Spenser. Weak ; helpless. Spenser. Foolish ; witless. Milton. Weak } disordered; not in health. Pegge. SI'LLYHOW, sil'-le-hSu. n. s. [reli£, Sax. ; and how, a hoed.] The membrane that covers the head of the foetus. Brown. SILT, silt. n. s. \_sylta, Sueth.] Mud; slime. Hale. SFLVAN, sil'-van. 88. a. \silva, Lat.] Woody; full of woods. Dryden. SI'LVER § , siF-vur. 98. n. s. [silubr, Goth. ; reolpeji, Sax. ; silber, Germ. ; silver, Dutch.] A while and hard metal, next in weight to gold. Watts. Any thing of soft splendour. Pope. Money made of silver. SIM SIN O- 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- SFLVER, sil'-vfir. a. Made of silver. /*. xliv. White, like silver. Spenser. Having a pale lustre. Sliak. Soft of voice ; soft in sound. Spenser. Soft 3 gentle ; quiet. Spenser. To SFLVER, sll'-vur. v. a. To cover superficially with silver. Slutk. To adorn with mild lustre. Pope. SFLVER Fir*, sll'-vur-fur. n. s. A species of the fir- tree. Bp. Berkeley. SFLVERBEATER, s?F-v&r-be-tur. n. s. One that foliates silver. Boyle. SFLVERLING, siF-vur-llng. n. s. A silver coin. IsaiaJi, vii. SILVER LY, slF-vur-le. ad. With the appearance of silver. Sliakspeare. SFLVERSM1TH, slF-vur-smfe/i. n. s. One that works in silver. Acte, xix. SFLVERTHISTLE, sll'-v&r-tfils-sl. n. s. A plant. Millei. SFLVER WEED, sIF-vdr-weed. n. s. A plant. Mil- ler. SFLVERTREE, slF-vur-tr*. n. s. A plant. Miller. SFLVERY, slF-vur-e. a. Besprinkled with silver. Woodward. SFMAGRE*, sW-a-g&r. n.s. [simagrie, Fr.] Grim- [samare, Dutch.] A robe. ace. Drvden. Ob SIMA'R, *se-mar'. n Dryden, SIMILAR §, slm'-c-l&r. 88. ) a. [similairc, Fr.; from SFMILARY §, slm'-e-lur-e. \ ^milis, Lat.] Homo- geneous; having one part like another; uniform. Boyle. Resembling ; having resemblance. Hale. SIMILARITY, slm-e-lar'-e-te. n.s. Likeness ; uni- formity. Arbuthnot. SFMILARLY*. sim'-e-hVle. ad. With resemblance ; without difference ; in the same manner. Reid. SIMILE, slm'-e-le. 96. n. s. [simile, Lat.] A com- parison by which any thing is illustrated or ag- grandized. Shakspeare. SIMFLITUDE, se-mlF-e-tude. n.s. [Fr.; similitudo. Lat.] Likeness; resemblance. Bacon. Compari- son ; simile. Wotton. SLMILITU'DINARY*, se-mll-e-tiY-de-na-re. a. De- noting resemblance or comparison. Coke. SL'MITAR, slm'-e-tur. 88. n.s. See Cimeter. A crooked or falcated sword with a convex edge. To SFMMER, slm'-mur. 98. v.n. [a word made probably from the sound.] To boil gently ; to boil with a gentle hissing. Boyle. SFMNEL, slm / -nel. n. s. [simenel, old Fr. ; simnellus, low Lat.] A kind of sweet bread or cake ; a crack- nel. Bullein. S1MONFACAL, sfm-mo-nV-e-kal. a. Guilty of buying or selling ecclesiastical preferment. Sir M. Sandys. SIMO'NlACK, se-m6'-ne-ak. n. s. [simoniacus, Lat.] One who buys or sells preferment in the church. Bp. Bedell. SIMONFACALLY* slm-mo-nl'-e-kal-le. ad. With the guilt of simony. Burnet. SFMONY§, slm'-un-e. n.s. [simonie, Fr. ; simonia, Lat.] The crime of buying or selling church pre- ferment. Shakspeare. To SFMPER §, slm'-pfir. 98. v. n. [semner, old Sueth., semper, modern.] To smile ; generally to smile foolishly. Sidney. SFMPER, smV-p&r. 98. n.s. Smile; generally a foolish smile. Addison. SFMPERER*, sim'-pur-ur. n. s. One who simpers. Nevile. SFMPERINGLY*, slm'-pur-fng-le. ad. With a fool- ish smile. Marston. SFMPLE§, slm'-pl. 405. a. [simplex, Lat. ; simple, Fr.] Plain; artless; unskilled; undesigning; sin- cere ; harmless. Hooker. Uncompounded; un- mingled ; single ; only one ; plain ; not complicat- ed. Bacon. Silly ; not wise ; not cunning. Prov. xv. SPMPLE, slm'-pl. n.s. [Fr.] A single ingredient in a medicine ; a drug. It is popularly used for an herb. Draidon. yo SPMPLE, slm'-pl. v. n. To gather simples. GaHfu SFMPLE-MINDED*, sW-pl-mind'-ed. a. Having a simple, unskilled, and artless mind. Blackstone. SFMPLENESS, slm'-pl-nes. n.s. The quality of be- ing simple. Digby. SPMPLER, sW-pl-fir. 98. n.s. A simplist; a her- barist. Barrington. SFMPLESS, slm'-pl^s. n.s. [simplesse, Fr.] Simpli- city ; silliness; folly. Spenser. Ob. J. SFMPLETON, sW-pl-vun. n.s. A silly mortal ; a trifler; a foolish fellow. Pope. SIMPLFCIAN*, slm-pllsh'-an. n. s. [simplex, sim- plicis, Lat.] An undesigning, unskilled person : op posed to politician, one of deep contrivance. Arch- deacon Arnway. SIMPLICITY, slm-phV-e-te. n.s. [simplicitas, Lat; simplicity, Fr.] Plainness; arllessness; notsubtilty ; not cunning ; not deceit. Sidney. Plainness; not subtilty ; not abstruseness. Hammond. Plainness ; not finery. Dryden. Singleness ; not composition ; state of being uncompounded. Brown. Weakness; silliness. Hooker. SIMPLIFICATION*, slm-ple-fe-ka/-shun. n.s. Act of reducing to simplicity or uncompounded state. A. Smith. To SFMPLIFY §*, slm'-ple-f 1. v. a. [simplifier, Fr. ; simplex and facio, Lat.] To render plain ; to bring back to simplicity. Barrow. SI'MPLIST, slm'-pllst. n. s. One skilled in simples. Brown. SPMPLY, slm'-ple. ad. Without art; without sub- tilty; plainly ; artlessly. Milton-. Of itself ; without addition. Hooker. Merely ; solely. Hooker. Fool- ishly ; sillilv. SFMULACHRE*, slm'-u-la-kfir. n. s. [simulacrum, Lat.] An image. Sir T. Elyot. Ob. T. SFMULAR, sW-u-lar. 88. n.s. [simulo, Lat.] One that counterfeits. Shakspeare. SPMULATE §*, sW-u-latc.jXM-J.a. [simulatus, Lat.] Feigned ; pretended. Bale. To SPMULATE*, sW-u-late. v. a. [simulo, Lat.] To feign ; to counterfeit. Thomson. SIMULA TION, slm-u-la'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.- } simula- tio, Lat.] That part of hypocrisy which pretends that to be which is .not. Bacon. SIMULTANEOUS §, si mul-ta'-ne-fis. 135. a. [sv- multaneus,Lai.'] Acting together; existing at the same time. Hammond. SIMULTANEOUSLY*, sl-mul-ta'-ne-Ss-le. ad. At the same time ; together ; in conjunction. Slienr stone. SPMULTY*, slm'-ul-te. n. s. [simultos, Lat.] Pri- vate quarrel. B. Jonson. Ob. T. SIN §, sin. n.s. [ryn, Sax.] An act against the laws of God ; a violation of the laws of religion. Tob. iii. Habitual negligence of religion. Watts. A man enormously wicked. Shakspeare. To SIN, sin. v. n. To neglect the laws of religion ; to violate the laws of religion. Psalm iv. To offend against right. Shakspeare. SIN, sin. ad. [sen, sedan, Swed.] Since. Spenser. SINCE §, sinse. conj. [by contraction from sithence, or sith thence, from yifte, Sax.] Because that. Locke. From the time that. Numb. xxii. SINCE, slnse. ad. Ago ; before this. Sidney. SINCE, slnse. preposition. After; reckoning from some time past to the time present. Milton. SINCE ; RE§, sin-sere', a. [sincerus, Lat. ; sincere, Fr.] Unhurt; uninjured. Dryden. Pure; unmin- gled. Atterhury. Honest; undissembling ; uncor- rupt. Waterland. SINCE'RELY, sln-sere'-le. ad. Perfectly; without alloy. Milton. Honestly; without hypocrisy; with purity of heart. Hooker. SINCE'RENESS, sln-sere'-nes. ) n. s. Honesty of SINCERITY, sln-ser'-e-te. S intention ; purity of mind. Beaumont and Fletclier. Freedom from hypocrisy. Pope. SFNDON, suV-dun. 166. n.s. [sidinim, Heb.] A fold ; a wrapper. Bacon. SINE, sine. n. s. [sinus, Lat.] A right sine, in geom- etry, is a right line drawn from one end of an arch perpendicularly upon the diameter drawn from the SIN SIN — 116, mOve, ndr, not — tube, t&b, bull ;— oil ; — pound ; — thh\, THis. other end of that arch ; or it is half the chord of twice the arch. Han-is. SFNECURE, sl'-ne-kure. ti. s. [sine and cura, Lat.] An office which has revenue without anv employ- ment. Aijlijfe. SI'NEW§, sln'-nu. 265. n.s. [ymep, Sax. j sinewen, Dutch.] A tendon; the ligament by which the joints are moved. Locke. Applied to whatever gives strength or compactness : as, Money is the sinews of war. Hooker. Muscle or nerve. Dairies. To SFNEW, sln'-nu. v. a. To knit as by sinews. Shakspeare. Ob. J. SFNEWED, sfn'-nude. 359. a. Furnished with sinews. Druden. Strong 5 firm; vigorous. Shak. SFNEWLESS*, sln'-nu-les. a. Having no sinews 5 without power or strength. Bp. Taylor. SFNEWSHRUNK, sin^-nu-shrunk. a. {sinew and shrunk.] A horse when he has been over-ridden, and so fatigued that he becomes gaunt-bellied. Farrier's Diet. SFNEWY, sm'-nu-e. a. Consisting of a sinew; ner- vous. Donne. Strong ; nervous ; vigorous ; forci- ble. Shakspeare. SFNFUL, sin'-ful. a. [j-inpull, Sax.] Alien from God ; not holy ; unsanctified. Milton. Wicked ; not observant of religion ; contrary to religion. South. SFNFULLY, sln'-ful-e. ad. Wickedly; not piously; not according to the ordinance of God. South. SINFULNESS, sln'-ful-nes. n.s. Alienation from God ; neglect or violation of the duties of religion; contrariety to religious goodness. Milton. SToSING §, sing. u. n. preterit I sang, or sung ; part, pass. sung. Jjin^an, Sax. ; singia, Icel. ; singhen, Dutch.] To form the voice to melody ; to articu- late musically. Shak. To utter sweet sounds in- articulately. Bacon. To make any small or shrill noise. Shak. To tell in poetry. Prior. 'To SUNG, sing. 409. v. a. To relate or mention in poetry. Milton. To celebrate ; to give praises to, in verse. Addison. To utter harmoniously. Ps. exxxvii. To SINGE §, sinje. v. a. (jaenftan, Sax. ; sengen, Teut.] To scorch ; to burn slightly or superficially. Bacon. SINGE*, sfnje. n.s. A slight burn. SFNGER, slng'-ur. 410. n..*. One that sings ; one whose profession or business is to sing. Shakspeare. SFNGING*, sfag'-lng. n.s. Act of modulating the voice to melody ; musical articulation ; utterance of sweet sounds. Cantic. ii. SFNG1NGBQOK*, smgMng-buk. n. s. A book of tunes. Brewer. SFNGINGLY* slng'-fng-le. ad. With a kind of tune. North. SFNG1NGMAN*, sfng'-lng-man. n. s. One who is employed to sing : a term still used in our cathe- drals. Sluxkspeare. SFNGINGMASTER, s?ng'-?ng-ma-stur. 410. n. s. One who teaches to sing. Addison. SFNGLE $, smg'-gl. 405. a. [singultus, Lat.] One ; not double ; not more than one. South. Particular; individual. Pope. Not compounded. Watts. Alone; having no companion ; having no assistant. Milton. Unmarried. Sliak. Not complicated ; not duplicated. Bacon. Pure ; uncorrupt ; not double-minded ; simple. St. Matt. vi. That in which one is opposed to one. Dryden. Singular ; particular. Wlwle Duty of Man. Small. Beau- mont and Fletcher Weak ; silly. Shakspeare. To Sl'NG LE, shig'-gl. v. a. To choose out from among Others. Shak. To sequester ; to withdraw. Hooker. To take alone. Hooker. To separate. Sidney. SFNGLENESS, sing'-gl-nes. n. s. Not duplicity or multiplicity ; the state of being only one. Sim- plicity ; sincerity; honest plainness. Hooker. State of being alone. Mason. SI'NGLY, slng'-gle ad. Individually; particularly. Bp. Taylor Only ; by himself. Shak. Without partners or associates. Pope. Honestly; simply; sincerely. SFNGSONG*, sing'-song. n.s. A contemptuous ex- pression for bad singing. Rymer. SI'NGULAR§, s'hig'-gu-lar. 83, 179. a. [singulier, Fr. ; singularis, Lat.] Single; not complex ; not compound. Watts. [In grammar.] Expressing only one; not plural. Locke. Particular; unex- ampled. Denham. Having something not com- mon to others. Tillotson. Alone; that of which there is but one. Addison. SFNGULAR*, slng'-gu-lar. n. s. Particular ; single instance. More. SI'NGULARIST*, slng'-gu-lar-lst. n.s. One who affects singularity. Bairow. SINGULA'RiTY, s'fng-gu-laV-e-te. n.s. [singulan- te, Fr.] Some character or quality by which one is distinguished from all, or from most others. Raleiglu Any thing - remarkable ; a curiosity ; uncommon character or form. Sluik. Particular privilege or prerogative. Hooker. Character or manners dif ferent from those of others. Hooker. To SFNGULARIZE, snig'-gii-lar-be. v. a. To make single. SFNGULARLY, sfng'-gu-lar-le. ad. Particularly; in a manner not common to others. South. So as . to express the singular number. Bp. Morion. SFNGULTjsing'-gult. n. s. [singultus, Lat.] A sigh Broicn. SrNISTERksfn'-nls-tfir. 93, 503. a. [sinister, Lat.] Being on the left hand; left; not right; not dexter. Sliak. Bad; perverse; corrupt; deviating from honesty ; unfair. Hooker, [sinistre, Fr.] Unlucky ; inauspicious. The accent on the second syllable. B. Jensen. OO" This word, though uniformly accented on the second syllable in the poets quoted by Johnson, is as uniformly accented on the first by all our lexicographers, and is uniformly so pronounced by the best speakers Mr. Nares tells us, that Dr. Johnson seems to think, that, when this word is used in its literal sense, — as, " In his sinister hand, instead of ball, " He placM a mighty mug of potent ale" — Dryden — it has the accent on the second syllable ; but when in the figurative sense of corrupt, insidious, &c, on the first. This distinction seems no* to be founded on the best usage, and is liable to the objections noticed under the word Bowl. — See Principles, No. 495. W. SFNISTER-HANDED*, sfn'-nis-tfir-hand'-ed. a. Left-handed ; unlucky. ljOueh.ce. SFNISTERLY*, s'fn'-nls-tur-le. ad. Perversely; cor- ruptly ; unfairly. A. Wood. SI'NISTROUS, shi'-nls-trus. a. [sinister, Lat.] Ab- surd ; perverse ; wrong-headed. Sheldon. SFNISTROUSLY, sm'-nis-trus-le. ad. With a ten- dency to the left. Brown. Perversely; absurdly. Brown. To SINK §, singk. to. n. pret. I sunk, anciently, sank ; part, sunk or sunken, [fencan, j-mcan, Sax. ; sinken, Germ.] To fall down through any medium; not to swim ; to go to the bottom. Sliak. To fall gradually. 2 Kitigs, ix. To enter or penetrate into anybody. 1 Sam. xvii. To lose height; to fall to a level. Addison. To lose or want prominence. Shak. To be overwhelmed or depressed. Sfut/c. To be received ; to be impressed. St. Luke, ix. To decline ; to decrease ; to decay. Dryden. To fall into rest or indolence. Addison. To fall into any state worse than the former; to tend to ruin Dryden. 7b SINK, slngk.408. v. a. To put underwater; to dis- able from swimming or floating. Bacon. To delve ; to make by delving. Boyle. To depress ; to de- grade. Prior. To plunge into destruction. Sluxk. To make to fall. Woodward. To bring low ; to dimmish in quantity. Addison. To crush; to overbear ; to depress. Pope. To diminish ; to de- grade. Addison. To make to decline. Rowe. To suppress ; to conceal ; to intervert. Swift. SFNK, s?ngk.408. n.s. [fincan, Sax. ; sinken, Germ.] A drain; a jakes. Sluxk. Any place where cor ruption is gathered. B. Jonson. SFNLESS, sm'-les. a. []-inleaj*, Sax.] Exempt from sin. Milton. SFNLESSNESS, sfn'-les-nes. n.s. Exemption from sin. Boyle. SFNNER. sfo'-n&r. 98. n. s. One at enmity w=ih God ; 841 SIR SIT 0=559.— Fate, far. fall, fat;— me, meH;— pine, p?n;— one not truly or religiously good. South. An of- fender; a criminal. Pope. To SFNNER*, sm'-nfir. p. n. To act the part of a sinner. Pope. SINO'FFERING, sfn^f-fur-nig. n. s. An expiation or sacrifice for sin. Ex. xxix. SFNOPER, s?n'-6-pur. 98. ; n. s. A species of earth ; SFNOPLE, s?n'-6-pl. S ruddle. Ainsworth. To SFNUATE $, sm'-yu-ate. v. a. [sinuo, Lat.] To bend in and out. Woodward. SITUATION, s?n-yu-a'-shun. 113. n. s. A bending in and out. Hale. SINUO'SITY, sh-yu-os'-e-te. n. s. The quality of being sinuous. Biblioth. Bibl. SFNUOUS, sm'-yu-us. 113. a. [sinueux, Fr., from sinus, Lat.] Bending in and out. Bacon. SIN LIS, sl'-nfis. n. s. [Lat.] A bay of the sea; an opening of the land. Burnet. Any fold or open- ing. Biblioth. Bibl. To SIP §, sip. v.a. []*ipan, Sax. ; sippen, Dutch.] To drink by small draughts; to take, at one appo- sition of the cup to the mouth, no more than the mouth will contain. Pope. To drink in small quantities. Milton. To drink out of. Dryden. To SIP, sip. v. n. To drink a small quantity. Dryden. SIP, sifp. n.s. A small draught; as much as the mouth will hold. Shakspeare. To SIPE*, sipe. v. n. [sijpen, Teul.] To ooze or drain out slowly. Grose. SFPHON, sP-fun. 166. n. s. [ci_ k > 24Q {n.s. [escaigne, Fr.] A knot SKEIN, $ skaHe - ^ y ' } of thread or silk wound and doubled. Sliakspeare. SKAI'NSMATE, skanz'-mate. n. s. A messmate ; a companion. Sliakspeare. SKATE, skate, n. s. A sort of shoe armed with iron, for sliding on the ice. See Scate. To SKATE, skate, v. a. To slide on skates. SKATE, skate, n. s. A flat sea-fish. SKEAN, skene. n. s. [j-ee^en, Sax.] A short sword; a knife. Sy>enser. SKEEL*, skeel. n. s. [scJiale, Germ.] A shallow, . wooden vessel for holding milk or cream. Grose. SKEG skeg. n. s. A wild plum. sity of Cambridge. Bp. Corbet. <*»'-»**"» « " See Scissor. Tusser. Little salmon. SK'EGGER, skeg'-g&r. 98. Walton. SKEIN, skane. 249. See Skain SKE'LETON, skel'-le-tfin. 166. n.s. [vKeXerds.] [In anatomy.] The bones of the body preserved to- gether, as much as can be, in their natural situation. Quvicy. The compages of the principal parts Hale. SKE'LLUM, skeM'-l&m. n.s. [schelme, Fr.; scMm, Germ.] A villain ; a scoundrel. Biograpli. Brit. SKEP, ske'p. n. s. A sort of basket, narrow at the bottom, and wide at the top, to fetch corn in. [ycep, Sax.] Tusser. In Scotland, the reposito- ries where the bees lay their honey. SK'EPTICKS. skep'-tlk. 350 [See Scirrhls.] n.s. [(TKcitTiKOi, Gr. ; sceptique, Fr.] One who doubts, or pretends to doubt, of every thing. Bp. Hall. — [Notwithstanding the authority of Dr. Johnson in writing skeptick, skeptical, &"c, the old form of sceptick, &c, maintains its ground. Todd. — Skep tick is the orthography of the dictionaries of Iven- rick, Sheridan, Perry , Jones, . a. To know; to understand. Beaumont and Fletcher. Ob T. SKFLLED, sk'iVd. 359. a. Knowing; dexterous; acquainted with. Milian. * SKPLLESS, skll'-Ies. a. Wanting skill ; artless. Sidney. Ob. J. SKl / LLET,skll / -!lt.99. n. s. [escuelletle, Fr.] A small kettle or boiler. Sliakspeare. SKILT, skllt. n. s. Difference. Cleaveland. To SKIM §, skim. i\ a. [properly to scum, from scum ; escume, Fr.] To clear oft' from the upper part, by passing a vessel a little below the surface. Prior 843 SKI SLA O 3 55'J. — Fate, far, fall, fat 5 — me, mh 5 — pine, pin 5 — To take by skimming. Dryden. To brush the sur- face slight!}' ; to pass very near the surface. Dry- den. To cover superficially. Dryden. To SKIM, skim. v.n. To pass lightly ; to glide along. Addison. SKIM*, skim. n. s. Scum ; refuse. Bryskett. SKFMBLESKAMBLE, skim'-bl-skam-bl. a. [by reduplication from scamble.~] Wandering; wild. SJiaksjieare. SKFMMER, skim'-mur. 98. n. s. A shallow vessel with which the scum is taken off. Mortimer. One who skims over a book or subject : a ludicrous word. Skelton. SKIMMI'LK, sk?m-mflk'. n. s. Milk from which the cream has been taken. King. SKIN §, skfn. n. s. [skind, Dan.] The natural cover- ing of the flesh. It consists of the cuticle, outward skin, or scarf skin, which is thin and insensible, and the cutis, or inner skin, extremely sensible. Harvey. Hide ; pelt ; that which is taken from animals to make parchment or leather. Chapman. The body ; the person : in ludicrous speech. V Estrange. A husk. To SKIN, sk?n. v. a. To flay ; to strip or divest of the skin. Ellis. To cover with the skin. ShaJc. To cover superficially. Addison. SKFNDEEP*, skin'-deep. a. Slight ; superficial. Feltham. SKINFLINT, skin'-flint. n. s. [skin and flint.] A niggardly person. SKINK §, skingk. n. s. [fcenc, Sax.] Drink ; any thing potable. Pottage. Bacon. To SKINK, skingk. 408. v. n. [ycencan, Sax.] To serve drink. SKFNKER, skingk'-ur. n. s. One that se ves drbk. Shakspeare. SKFNLESS*, skin'-les. a. Having a slight skin : is, the skinless pear. SKFNNED, skin'd. 359. a. Having skin ; hard 5 cal- lous. Sharp. SKFNNER, skm'-nur. 98. n.s. A dealer in skins, or pelts. SKFNNINESS, skin'-ne-nes. n. s. The quality of being skinny. SKFNNY, skin'-ne. a. Consisting only of skin; wanting flesh. Shakspeare. To SKIP$, skip. v. n. [skopa, Icel.] To fetch quick bounds ; to pass by quick leaps ; to bound lightly and joyfully. Jer. xlviii. — To skip over. To pass without notice. Bacon. To SKIP, skip. v. a. To miss ; to pass. Shakspeare. SKIP, skip. n. s. A light leap or bound. Sidney. SKFFJACK, skip'-jak. n.s. An upstart. Mai-tin. SKFPKENNEL, skip'-ken-nil. n.s. A lackey 5 a footboy. SKIPPER, skip'-pur. 98. n. s. A dancer. Huloet. A youngling ; a thoughtless person. Shak. [schipper. Dutch.] A shipmaster; a shipboy. Congreve. The hornfish, so called in some places. SKFPPET, skip'-pet. n. s. A small boat. Spenser. Ob. J. SKIPPINGLY*, skip'-ping-le. ad. By skips and leaps. Howell. To SKIRL*, skerl. v. n. To scream out. See Shrill. SKFRMISH^, sker'-mish. 108. n. s. [schirmen,] Germ. ; skermuche, old Fr.] A slight fight : less than a set battle. Potter. A contest; a contention. Shakspeare. To SKFRMISH, skeV-mish. v. n. [escarmoucher, Fr.] To fight loosely; to fight in parties before or after the shock of the main battle. Fairfax. SKFRMISHING*, sker'-mish-ing. n. s. Act of fight- ing loosely. Bp. Taylor. SKFRMISHER, sker'-mish-ur. n.s. He who skir- mishes. Barret. To SKIRR, skeV. v. a. [.] To scour ; to ram- ble over in order to clear. Shakspeai-e. To SKIRR, sker. v. n. To scour ; to scud; to run in haste. Shakspeare. SKFRRET, skeV-rit. 99. n. s. A plant. Mortimer. SKIRTS, skert. 108. n. 5. [skoerte, Swed.] The loose edge of a garment ; that part which hangs loose below the waist. 1 Sam. xv. The edge of any part of the dress. Addison. Edge; margin; border; extreme part. Spenser. To SKIRT, skert. v. a. To border ; to run along thi> edge. Carew. SKIT§*, skit. n.s. [skats, Icel.] A light, wanton wench. Howard. A reflection, [r-citan, Sax.j Some jeer, or jibe, cast upon any one. To SKIT*, skit. v. a. To cast reflections on. Grose. SKFTTISH §, skit'-tish. a. [skyg, Su. Goth.] Shy ; easily frighted. Beaum. and Fl. Wanton; vola- tile; hasty; precipitate. Shak. Changeable; fickle. Slutkspeare. SKFTTISHLY, skit'-tish-le. ad. Wantonly; uncet- tainly ; ficklv. Sherwood. SKFTTISHNESS, skil'-tish-nes. n. s. Wantonness ; fickleness. SKFTTLES* skit'-tlz. n. s. [formerly keels or kayles, and kettlepins.] Ninepins. Warton. SKONCE, skonse. n. s. See Sconce. Careic. SKREEN §, skreen. 246. n. s. [escran. escrei?i, Fr.] A riddle or coarse sieve. Tusser. Any thing by which the sun or weather is kept off. Prior. Shel- ter ; concealment. Dryden. To SKREEN, skreen. v. a. To riddle; to sift: a term used among masons; To shade from sun, or light, or weather. To keep off light or weather. Dryden. To shelter ; to protect. Phillips. To SKRINGE*, skrinje. ) v. a. [perhaps a corrup- To SKRUNGE*, skrunje. $ tion of skrew.] To squeeze violently. SKUE, sku. 335. a. Oblique; sidelong. Bentley. To SKUG*, skug. v. a. [perhaps a corruption of skiolka, Su. Goth.] To hide. Grose. To SKULK, skulk, v. n. To hide ; to lurk in fear or malice. Dryden. SKULL §, skul. n. s. [skiola, Icel.] The bone that encloses the head: it is made up of several pieces, which, being joined together, form a considerable cavity, which contains the brain as in a box, and it is proportionate to the bigness of the brain. Quin- cy. []-ceole, Sax.] A shoal. Walton. SKU'LLCAP, skfil'-kap. n.s. A headpiece. A plant. SKUTE*. skute. n. s. [schuyt, Dutch.] A boat or small vessel. Sir R. Williams. SKY$, skel. 160. n. s. [sky, Dan.] The region which surrounds this earth beyond the atmosphere. It is taken for the whole region without the earth. Milton. The heavens. Shak. The weather ; the climate. Addison, [sky, Su. Goth.] A cloud ; a shadow. Gower. SKY'COLOUR, skel'-k&l-ur. n. s. An azure colour ; the colour of the sky. Boyle. SKY'COLOURED, skel'-kul-fird. a. Blue ; azure ; like the sky. Addison. SKY'DYED, skel'-dlde. a. Coloured like the sky Pope. SKY'ED, skelde. 359. a. Enveloped by the skies Thomson. SKY EY, skel'-e. a. [from sky.] Ethereal. Shak. SKY ISH, skel'-ish. a. Coloured by the ether ; ap proaching the sky. Shakspeare. SKY'LARK, skel' -lark. n. s. A lark that mounts and sings. Spectator. SKY'LIGHT, skel'-llie. n. s. A window placed in a room, not laterally, but in the ceiling. Arbuthnot. SKYROCKET, skel'-r&k-it. n. s. A kind of fire- work, which flies high, and burns as it flies. Ad- dison. SLAB §, slab. a. Thick ; viscous ; glutinous. Slwk. SLAB, slab. n. s. A puddle. Evelyn. A plane of stone : as, a marble slab. The outside plank of a piece of timber when sawn into boards. Ray. To SLA'BBER, slab'-bur or s!6b'-b6r. v.n. [slab* ben, slabberen, Teut.] To sup up hastily. Barrel. To smear with spittle. Arbuthnot. To shed ; to spill. Tusser. 5^= The second sound of this word is by much tie more usual one ; bat, as it is in direct opposition to the or- thography, it ought to be discountenanced, and the a re- stored to its true sound. Correct usage seems somewhav 844 SLA SLA ■116, move, nor, not ; — tube, tab, bull ; — Sfl; — pfmnd ; — ih'm, THis. inclined to this reformation, and every lover of correct- ness ought to favour it. W. To SLA'BBER, slfib'-bur. v. n. To let the spittle fall from the mouth ; to drivel. To shed or pour anv thing. SLA'BBERER, slab'-bor-fir. 98. n. s. One who slab- bers; an idiot. SLA'BBY, slab'-be. a. Thick; viscous. Wiseman. Wet ; floody : in low language. Gay. SLACKS, slak. a. [jdeac, Sax. ; slak, Su. Goth.; slaken, Ice!.] Not tense; not hard drawn ; loose. Arbuihnot. Relaxed; weak; not holding fast. Zeph.iW. Remiss; not diligent; not eager; not fervent. Hooker. Not violent ; not rapid. Chaucer. Not intense. Mortimer. To SLACK, slak. £ v.?i. [ylacian, Sax.] To SLA'CKEN, slak'-kn. 103. S To be remiss ; to neglect. Deut. xxiii. To lose the power of cohe- sion. Moxon. To abate. Milton. To languish; to fail ; to flag. Necessary Eiitdit. of a Chiist. Man. To SLACK, slak. ) v. a. To loosen ; to make To SLA'CKEN, slak'-kn. $ less tight. Dry den. To relax; to remit. Davies. To ease; to mitigate. Spenser. To remit for want of eagerness. B. Jon- son. To cause to be remitted ; to make to abate. Bacon. To relieve ; to unbend. Denham. To withhold ; to use less liberally. Shak. To crum- ble ; to deprive of the power of cohesion. Morti- mer. To neglect. SliaJc. To repress; to make loss quick or forcible. Addison. SLACK, slak. n. s. [from To slake.] Small coal ; coal broken in small parts : as, Slacked lime turns to powder. SLACK*, slak. n. s. A valley or small, shallow deil. Grose. SLA'CKLY, slak'-le. ad. [ r Ieachce, Sax.] Loosely; not tightly; not closely. Negligently; remissly. Shak. Tardily. Cotgrave. SLACKNESS, slak'-n£s. n. s. [j-leacnen'e, Sax.] Looseness ; not tightness. Negligence ; inatten- tion ; remissness. Hooker. Tardiness. Sharp. Weakness ; not force ; not intenseuess. Brerewood. SLADE*, slade. n. s. []dseb, Sax.] A flat piece of ground lying low and moist ; a little den or val- ley. Drayton. SLAG, slag. n. s. The dross or recrement of metal. Boyle. SLAIE, sla.. n. s. []*lae, Sax.] A weaver's reed. SLAIN, slane. The part. pass, of slay, [flaxen, Sax.] Isa. lxvi. To SLAKE §, slake, v. a. [slaecka, Icel.] To quench; to extinguish. Spenser. It is used of lime ; so that it is uncertain whether the original notion of to slack or slake lime, be to powder or quench it. Woodward. 0^p" There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word like the word slack. This is the word, as Dr. Johnson ob- serves, from which it is evidently derived : hut, as it lias acquired a distinct and appropriated meaning, it i3 with great propriety that it differs a little from its original, both in orthography and pronunciation. All our orthoepists unite in pronouncing this word regu- larly ; but, as Mr. Smith observes, bricklayers and their labourers universally pronounce it with the short a, as if written slack ; and it may be added, that the cor- rectest speakers, when using the participial adjective in the words unslaked lime, pronounce the a in t^e same manner ; but this ought to be avoided. W. To SLAKE, slake, v. n. [apparently from slack.] To grow less tense ; to be relaxed. Davies. To abate. Barret. To go out; to be extinguished. Brown. SLAKE*, n. s. See Slack. To SLAM, slam. v. a. [siaemra, Icel.] To slaughter; to crush : to beat or cufT a person ; to push violent- ly : as, He slam'd-to the door. — A word used only in low conversation. Grose. SLAM*, slam. n. s. Defeat : applied, at cards, to the adversary who has not reckoned a single point. Lm/al Songs. SLA ; MKIN*, slam'-kln. ) n. s. [perhaps SLA'MMERKIN* slam'-mur-kin. ) from the Germ. schlanO A slatternly woman ; a trollop. To SLA'NDER$, slan'-d&r. 78. v. a. [esclundre, old Fr.Tj To censure falsely ; to belie. 2 Sam. xix. SLA'NDER, slan'-dur. 11. s. False invective. Sliak. Disgrace; reproach. Sliak. Disreputation 3 ill name. Sliakspeare. SLANDERER, slan'-dar-fir. n. s One who belies another ; one who lays false imputations on anoth- er. Bp. Taylor. SLA'NDEROUS, slan'-dur-us. 314. a. Uttering re- proachful falsehoods. Shak. Containing reproach • Jul falsehoods ; calumnious. Spenser. Scandalous. Homilies. SLANDEROUSLY, slan'-dfir-us-le. ad. Calumni- ously; with false reproach. Spenser. SL A'NDEROUSIN ESS*, slan'-dur-us-nes. n. s. State or quality of being reproachful. Scott. SLANG, slang. The preterit of sling. 1 Sam. xvii. SLANK, slangk. n. s. An herb. Avisworth. SLANT §, slant. 78. )a. [slant, Swed.] Ob- SLA'NTINGMant'-fng. ) lique; not direct; not perpendicular. Milton. To SLANT*, slant, v. a. To turn aslant or aside. Fuller. SLA'NTING*, slant'-mg. n. s. Oblique remark. Fuller. SLA'NTLY, slant'-le. 78. )ad. Obliquely; not SLANTWISE, slant'-wlze. $ perpendicularly; slope. Tusser. SLAPS, slap. n.s. [schlap, Germ.] A blow; proper- ly with the hand open, or with something rather broad than sharp. Milton. SLAP, slap. ad. With a sudden and violent blow Arbuthnot. To SLAP, slap. v. a. To strike with a slap. Prior. SLAPDA'SH, slap-dash', interj. [or ad.] [from slap and da*,h.] All at once. Prior. A low word. SLAPE*, slape. a. Slippery; and also smooth. Grose. To SLASH $, slash, v. a. [slasa, Icel.] To cut ; to cut with long cuts. Sir T. Herbert. To lash. King. To cause to make a sharp sound. More. To SLASH, slash, v. n. To strike at random with a sword; to lay about him. Spenser. SLASH, slash, n.s. Cut; wound. Clarendon. A cut in cloth. Shakspeare. To SLAT*. See To Slatter. SLATCH, slatsh. n. s. [a sea term.] The middle part of a rope or cable that hangs down loose. Bailey. A transitory breeze of wind; an interval of fair weather : a sea term. Sir H. Shere. SLATE §, slate, n. s. [esclate, Fr. ; slaihts, M. Goth.] A gray stone, easily broken into thin plates, which are used to cover houses, or to write upon. Greta. To SLATE, slate, v. a. To cover the roof; to tile. Swift. To SLATE*, slate. ) v. n. [perhaps from ]-laetm£e, To SLETE*, slete. $ Sax.] To set a dog loose at any thing, as sheep, swine, &c. Ray. SLA'TER, sla'-tur. 98. n. s. One who covers with slates or tiles. !To SLA'TTER§* slat'-tfir. v.n. [sladde, Icel. and O. Sueth.] To be slovenly and dirty. Ray. To be careless or awkward ; to spill carelessly. SLA'TTERN, slat'-turn. 98. n. s. A woman negli- gent, not elegant or nice. Hudibras. To SLA'TTERN* siat'-torn. v. a. To consume carelessly or negligently. Ld. Chesterfield. SLA'TTERNLY*, slat'-turn-le. a. Not clean ; slov- enly. Ld. Cliesterfeld. SLA'TTERNLY*, slat'-turn-le. ad. Awkwardly; negligently. Ld. Chesterfield. SLA'TY, sla'-te. a. Having the nature of slate. Woodward. SLA'UGHTER§, slaw'-tfir. 213, 390. n. s. [on- ylau^fc, Sax.] Massacre ; destruction by the sword. Shakspeare. To SLA'UGHTER, slaw'-t&r. v. a. To massacre; to slay; to kill with the sword. Shak. To kill beasts for the butcher. SLA'UGHTERER* slaw'-tur-ur. n. s. One em ployed in killing-. Sliakspeare. SLAUGHTERHOUSE, slaw'-tur-h6use. n. s, 845 SLE SLE D7 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met: -pine, House in which beasts are killed for the butcher. Sluxkspeare. SLAUGHTERMAN, slaw'-t&r-man. n. s. One em- ployed in killing - . Sluxkspeare. SLAUGHTEROUS, slaw'-tfir-us. a. Destructive; murderous. Shakspeare. SLAVE 6, slave, n. s. [esclare, Fr.] One mancipated lo a master ; not a freeman ; a dependant. Sluik. One that has lost the power of resistance. Waller. Proverbially for the lowest state of life. Nelson. To SLAVE*, slave, v. a. To enslave. Feltham. To SLAVE, slave, v. n. To drudge; to moil; to toil. Swift. SL A'VEBORN*, slave'-b6rn. a. Not inheriting liber- ty. Drummojid. SLA'VELIKE*, slave'-llke. a. Becoming a slave. Shakspeare. SLA'VER §, slav'-ur. 98. n. s. [saliva, Lat. ; slcefe, Icel.] Spittle running- from the mouth; drivel. Brown. To SLA'VER, slav'-ur. v. n. To be smeared with spittle. Shakspeare. To emit spittle. Sidney. To SLA'VER, slav'-fir. v. a. To smear with drivel. Dry den. SLA'VERER,slav'-ur-ur. 98. n.s. [slabbaerd, Dutch.] One who cannot hold his spittle ; a driveller ; an idiot. SL A'VERINGLY*, slav'-ur-lng-le. ad. With slaver, or drivel. Cotgrave. SL A' VERY, sla'-var-e. 557. n. s. Servitude ; the con- dition of a slave ; the offices of a slave. K. Charles. SLA'VISH, sla'-vfsh. a. Servile; mean; base; de- pendent. Shakspeare. SLAVISHLY, sla'-vlsh-le. ad. Servilely ; meanly. Raleigh. SLA'VISHNESS, sla'-vish-nes. n. s. Servility; meanness. Fotherby. To SLAY§, sla. 220. t>. a. preter. slew ; part. pass. slain, [slahan, Goth. ; -plaean, Sax.] To kill ; to butch- er ; to put to death. Shakspeare. SLAY*. SeeSLEY. SLA'YER, sla'-fir. 98. n.s. Killer; murderer; de- stroyer. Spenser. SLEAVE §, sleev. n.s. [slefa, Icel.] The ravelled, knotty part of the silk, which gives great trouble to the knitter or weaver. Shakspeare. To SLEAVE*, sleev. v. a. To separate into threads; to sleid. Whitlock. SLE'AVED*, sleevd, or sle'-ved. a. Raw; not spun; unwrouoht. Holinshed. SLE' AZ Y, sle'-ze. 227. a. Weak ; wanting substance. Howell. SLED §, sled. n. s. [slced, Dan. ; sledde, Dutch.] A carriage drawn without wheels. P. Fletcher. SLE'DDED, sled'-dld. 99. a. Mounted on a sled. Shakspeare. SLEDGE, sledjc. n.s. [r lec S> r'e^e, Sax.; sleg- gia, Ice!.] A large, heavy hammer. Spenser. A carriage without wheels, or with very low wheels; properly a sled. Mortimer. SLEEKS, sleek.24.fi. a. [sleyck, and sliclit. Teut.] Smooth; nitid; glossy. Shak. Not rough; not harsh. Milton. SLEEK*, sleek, n. s. That which makes smooth ; varnish. Transl. of Boccalini. Ob. T. To SLEEK, sleek, v. a. To comb smooth and even. B. Jonson. To render soft, smooth, or glossy. Shak. SLEE'KLY.sleek'-le.aci. Smoothly; glossily. Sliuk. SLEE'KNESS*, sleek'-nes. n. s. Smoothness. Felt- ham. SLEE'KSTONE, sleek'-stone. n. s. A smoothing stone. Peacham. SLEEKY*, sleek'-e. a. Of a sleek or smooth ap- pearance. Th.omson. To SLEEPS, sleep. 246. v. n. [slepan, Goth. ; j*lae- pan, Sax.] To take rest, by suspension of die men- tal and corporal powers. Shak. To rest ; to be mo- tionless. Shak. To live thoughtlessly Atterbury. To be dead : death being a state from which man will some time awake. 1 Thessal. To be inatten- tive; not vigilant. Slmk. To be unnoticed, or un- attended : as, The matter sleeps SLEEP, sleep, n. s. \slep, Goth. ; rlep, Sax.] Re pose ; rest; suspension of the mental and corporal powers ; slumber. Bacon. SLEETER, sleep'-fir. 98. n. s. [rlsepepe, Sax.] One who sleeps ; one who is not awake. Shuk. A lazy, inactive drone. Grew. That which lies dormant, or without effect. Bacon. A fish. Ainsworlh. [In architecture.] A strip of solid timber (or some sub- stantial substitute) which lies on the ground to sup- port the joist of a floor. Evelyn. SLEETFUL*, sleep'-ful. a. [rlapj:ul 7 Sax.] Over- powered by desire to sleep. Scott. SLEETFULNESS* sleep'-f&I-nes. n. s. [ylappul- niv, Sax.] Strong desire to sleep. SLEETILY, sleep'-e-le. ad. Drowsily ; with desire to sleep. Dully ; lazily. Raleigh. Stupidly. At- terlmry. SLEE'PINESS, sleep'-e-ngs. n. s. Drowsiness ; dis- position to sleep ; inability to keep awake. Ar- buihnot. SLEETING*, sleep'-m^. n. s. The state of resting in sleep. The slate of not being disturbed, or no- ticed. Shakspeare. SLEETLESS, sleep'-les. a. Wanting sleep ; always awake. Milton. SLEEPLESSNESS*, sleep'-les-u^s. n.s. Want ot sleep. Bp. Hall. SLEETY, sleep'-e. a. Drowsy ; disposed to sleep. Mirror for Magistrates. Not awake. Shak. So- poriferous; somniferous; causing sleep. Milton. Dull ; lazy. Shakspeare. SLEET §, sleet. 246. n. s. [slud, Dan. ; sletta, Icel.] A kind of smooth, small hail or snow, not falling in flakes, but single particles. Dryden. Shower of any thing falling thick. Milton. To SLEET, sleet, is. n. To snow in small particles intermixed with rain. SLEETY, sleet'-e. a. Bringing sleet. Warton. SLEEVE i sleev. 246. n. s. [r-lyF, Sax.] The part of a garment that covers the arms. Sidney. A knot or skein of silk. See Sleave. — To laugh in tlie sleeve. To laugh unperceived. L'Estrange. To hang on a sleeve. To make dependent. Hooker. — A fish. Aimworth. SLEE'VED, sleev'd. 359. a. Having sleeves. SLEE'VELESS, sleev'-les. a. Wanting sleeves-; having no sleeves. Donne. Wanting reasonable- ness ; wanting propriety; wanting solidity; with out a cover or pretence. Bp. Hall. To SLEID*, sla.de. v. a. [from sky.'] To prepare for use in the weaver's sky or slay. Shakspeare. SLEIGHTS, slite. 253. n. s. [' r k». or r lyS, Sax.] Artful trick ; cunning artifice ; dexterous practice ; as, sleight of hand : the tricks of a juggler. This is often written, but less properly, slight. Hooker. SLETGHT*, sllte. a. [ r lyS,Sax.] Deceitful; artful. Milton. MS. Mask of Com. SLEI'GHTFUL*, sllte'-ful. a. Artful; cunning. W. Browne. SLEPGHTILY*, sllte'-te-le. ad. Craftily; cunning ly. Huloet. SLEI GHTY*, sll'-te. a. Crafty; artful. Huloet. SLEIVE*. See Sleave. SLE'NDERS, slen'-dfir. 98. a. [slinder, Dutch.] Thin ; small in circumference compared with the length; not thick. Milton. Small in the waist; having a fine shape. Milton. Not bulky; slight; not strong. Pope. Small ; inconsiderable ; weak. Hooker. Sparing; less than enough : as, a slen der estate and slender parts. Shak. Not amply supplied. Philips. SLE'NDERLY, sleV-d&r-le. ad. Without bulk. Slightlv ; meanly. Havward. SLE'NDERNESS, slen'-dur-ngs. n. s. Thinness; smallness of circumference. Bacon. Want of bulk or strength. Arbulhnot. Slightness; weakness; inconsiderableness. V/hilgift. Want of plenty. Gregory. SLEPT, slept. The preterit of sleep. Pope. SLEW, slu. 265. The preterit of sLty. Knolles. SLEYS*, sla. n.s. [rise, Sax.] A weaver's reed C'-oxall. 816 SLI SLI — 116, move, n6r, n6t 3 — tube, tub, bull ; — Sil ; — pound ; — thin, this. To SLEY, sli. 269. v. re. To separate ; to part or twist into threads ; to sleid. To SLICE §, sllse. v. a. [schleissen, Germ, ; ]*lifcan, Sax.] To cut into flat pieces. Sandys. To cut into parts. Cleaveland. To cut off in a broad piece. Gay. To cut j to divide. Burnet. SLICE, sllse. n. s. [jlrce, Sax.] A broad piece cut off. Bacon. A broad piece. Pope. A broad head fixed in a handle ; a peel ; a spatula. Hakewill. SLICK. 5 See Sleek. SLID, slid. The preterit of slide. Chapman. SLI'DDEN, slld'-d'n. 103. The participle passive of slide. Jer. viii. To SLI'DDER §, slid'-dur. 98. v. n. [j-hbejiian, j*libpian, Sax.; slidderen, Teut.] To slide with interruption. Dryden. SLI'DDER*, sl?d'-dur. ) cr ^1 SLFDDERY*, sl'fd'-dur-e. \ a - SI, PP er > r ' ChaMXr ' To SLIDE §, slide, v. n. slid, pret.; slidden, part. pass. [rhban, Sax.] To pass along- smoothly; to slip; to glide. Bacon. To move without change of the foot. Sidney. To pass inadvertently. Ecclus. xxviii. To pass unnoticed. Sidney. To pass along by silent and unobserved progression. Shale. To pass silently and gradually from good to bad. South. To pass without difficulty or obstruction. Pope. To move upon the ice by a single impulse, without change of feet. Waller. To fall by errour. Bacon. To be not firm. Thomson. To pass with a free and gentle course or flow. To SLIDE, slide, v. a. To pass imperceptibly. Watts. SLIDE, slide, n. s. [flibe, Sax.] Smooth and easy £assage. Bacon. Flow; even course. Bacon. fDEIR, sll'-dfir. re. s. [j'libep., Sax.] The part of an instrument that slides, Burke. One who slides. SLFDFNG*, sll'-dlng. n. s. Transgression : hence backsliding. SJialcspeare. SLIGHTS, slite. 393. a. [slicht, Dutch.] Small; worthless; inconsiderable. Dryden. Not impor- tant; not cogent; weak. Locke. Negligent; not vehement ; not done with effort. Bacon. Foolish ; weak of mind. Hudibras. Not strong; thin : as, a slight silk. SLIGHT, sllte. re. s. Neglect; contempt; act o£ scorn. Richardson. Artifice ; cunning practice. See Sleight. South. SLIGHT*, slite. ad. Slightly. Shakspeare. To SLIGHT, slite. v. a. To neglect ; to disregard. Milton. To throw carelessly. Shak. [slichten, Dutch.] To overthrow; to demolish. Ld. Claren- don. — To slig'nt over. To treat or perform care- lessly. Bacon. To SLFGHTEN*, sll'-tn. v. a. To neglect; to dis- regard. B. Jonson. Ob. T. SLIGHTER, sli'-tur. 98. re. s. One who disregards. Bp. Taylor. SLFGHT'INGLY, sll'-tlng-le. 410. ad. Without rev- erence ; with contempt. Boyle. SLFGHTLY, sllte'-le. ad. Negligently ; without re- gard. Hooker. Scornfully; contemptuously. South. Weakly; without force. Milton.' Without worth. SLFGHTNESS, slite'-nes. n. s. Weakness; want of strength. Negligence; want of attention ; want of vehemence. Shakspeare. SLFGHTY*, sli'-le. a. Trifling; superficial. Echard. SLFLY, sll'-le. ad. [from sly.] Cunningly; with cunning secrecy ; with subtle covertness. Shak. See Slyly. SLDI$, slim. a. [Icel.; slaemr, Terxt.] Weak; slight; unsubstantial. Barrow. Slender; thin of shape. Addison, [slim, Teut. ; and schlim, Germ.] Worth- less. SLIME §, slime, re. s. [ylim, Sax.; sligm, Dutch.] Viscous mire; any glutinous substance. Genesis. SLI'MINESS, sll'-me-n3s. n. s. Viscosity ; gluti- nous matter. Austin. SLFMNESS*, slW-nes. n. s. State or quality of being slim. SliFMY, sll'-me. a. jjrlimi£, Sax.] Overspread with slime. Slmk. Viscous; glutinous. Milton. ISLFNESS, sli'-nes. re. s. [from sly.] Designing ar- tifice. Addison. See Slyness. SLING §, sling. 410. n. s. [sliungu, Su. Goth. ; shn ghe, Teul.j A missive weapon made by a strap and two strings ; the stone is lodged in the strap, and thrown by loosing one of the strings. Job, xli A throw; a stroke. Milton. A kind of hanging bandage, in which a wounded limb is sustained. To SLING, sling, v.a. [slinghen, Teut.; jdin^an. Sax.] To throw by a sling. To throw ; to cast Addison. To hang loosely by a string. Dryden. To move by means of a rope. Dryden. SLFNGER. sllng'-fir. 409, 410. re. s. One who slinf* or uses the sling. 2 Kings, iii. To SLINKS, si'ingk. v. 71. preter. slunk, [jlmcan, Sax.] To sneak; to steal out of the way. Shak. To SLINK, sllngk. 408, 410. v. a. To cast; to mis- carry of. Mortimer. SLINK*, sllngk. a. Produced before its time : applied to the young of a beast. Student, vol. i. To SLIP §, slip. ?>; n. [ylipan, Sax. ; slippen, Dutch.] To slide; not to tread firm. South. To slide ; to glide. Sidney. To move or fly out of place. Wise- man. To sneak ; to slink. Spenser. To glide ; to pass unexpectedly or imperceptibly. Sidney. To fall into fault or errour. Shak. To creep by oversight. Pope. To escape ; to fall away out of the memory. Hooker. To SLIP, slip. v. a. To convey secretly. Arbulhnot. To lose by negligence. B. Jonson. To part twigs from the main body by laceration. Mortimer. To escape from; to leave slily. Shak. To let loose. Dryden. To let a dog loose. Dryden. To throw off any thing that holds one. Swift. To pass over negligently. Atterbury. To SLIP o/i*. v. a. [vlepan on, Sax.] To put on rather hastily : a colloquial expression : as, to slip on one's clothes. SLIP, slip. n.s. [ylipe, Sax.] The act of slipping ; false step. Errour; mistake; fault. Wotton. A twig torn from the main stock. Hooker. A leash or string in which a dog is held, from its being so made as to slip or become loose by relaxation of the hand. Shak. An escape ; a desertion. Hudi- bras. A counterfeit piece of money, being brass covered with silver. Shak. A long, narrow piece. Addison. The stuff found in the troughs of grind- stones, on which edge-tools have been ground. Sir W. Petty. A particular quantity of yarn. Barret. SLFPBOARD, sl?p'-bord. re. s. A board sliding in grooves. Swift. SLFPKNOT, slip'-n&t. re. easily untied. Moxon. SLFPPER, sllp'-pur. 98. ) n. s. [flipper, Sax.] A SLFPSHOE, slip'-sh66. S shoe without leather be- hind, into which the foot slips easily. Raleigh. An herb. SLFPPER, sllp'-pur. a. [rlipup., Sax.] Slippery ; not firm. Spenser. Ob. J. SLFPPERED*, sllp'-pfird. a. Wearing slippers. Warton. SLFPPERILY, sllp'-pur-e-le. ad. In a slippery man ner. SLFPPERINESS, slfp'-p&f-e-nes. re. s. State or quality of being slippery; smoothness; glibness. Government of the Tongue. Uncertainty; want of firm footing. Donne. SLFPPER Y, sl'ip'-pur-e. a. [yhpup, Sax. ; slipeiig, Svved.] Smooth ; glib. Mortimer. Not affording firm footing. Shak. Hard to hold ; hard to keep. j Dryden. Not standing firm. Shak. Uncertain; changeable; mutable; instable. Sliak. Not cer- tain in its effect. L 'Estrange. Not chaste. Sliak- speare. SLIPPY, stfp'-pe. a. [r^peS; Sax.] Slippery ; easi- ly sliding. Davies. SLTPSHOD, s'Jp'-shod. a. Having the shoes not pulled up at the heels, but barely dipped on. Swift. SLIPSLOP, sllp'-slpp. re. s. Bad liquor. SLFPSTRING*, slip' -string. } n.s. [from slip, string, SLFPTHRIFT*, slip'-tfirfft. \ and th'Vi.] One who has loosened himself from restraint; a prodi gal ; a spendthrift. Cotgrave. 847 A bowknot ; a knot SLO SLU IU 559.- -Fate far, fall, fat 5 —me, meH; —pine pin;— SLISH, sl?sh. n. s. A low word formed by redupli- cating slash. Shakspeare. To SLIT $, slit. u.a. pret. and part. rf# and slitted. Prlican, Sax. ; s/ita, Icel.] To cut longwise. Bacon. To cut in general. Milton. SLIT, sift. n. s. []*lifc, Sax.] A long cut, or narrow opening. Bacon. SLFTTER*, sllt'-tur. n. s. One who cuts or slashes. Cotgrave. To SLIVE $, slSve. >«. a. [phpan, Sax.] To To SLI'VER$, sll'-vfir. $ split; to divide longwise ; to tear off longwise. Shak. To cut or cleave in general. To SLIVE* sllve.r.ra. [slcever, Dan.] To sneak. Grose. SLI VER, sll'-vur. 98. n.s. A branch torn oft". Chaucer. SLO ATS, slits. 295. n. s. Of a cart, are those under- pieces which keep the bottom together. Bailey. To SLO'BBER §*, slob'-bfir. v. a. [slobbern, Teut.] To slaver; to spill upon; to slabber. See To Slab- ber. SLOBBER, slob'-bflr. n.s. Slaver; liquor spilled. SLO'BBERER*, slob'-bur-ur. n.s. A slovenly farm- er. Grose. SLO'BBERY*, sl&b'-bfir-e. a. [slobberen, Teut.] Moist ; dank ; floody. Sliakspeare. To SLOCK, slok. )v. n. [slockna, Su. To SLO'CKEN*, slok'-kn. ] Goth. ; sloecka, Icel.] To slake; to quench. SLOE, sl6. 296. n. s. [j-la, Sax. ; she, Dan.] The fruit of the blackthorn; a small wild plum. Black- more. SLQOM*, I ,n ( n. s. [sluymen, Teut. ; ]-lume- SLOUM*, S ( Jiian, Sax.] A gentle sleep or slumber. Grose. SLOO'MY*, sloom'-e. a. [lome, Teut.] Sluggish ; slow. Skinner. SLOOP, sloop. 306. n. s. [chalonpe, Fr.] A small ship, commonly with only one mast. To SLOP §, slop. v. a. [from lap, lop, slop.] To drink frossiy and greedily, [perhaps from slip.] To soil y letting water or other liquor fall. SLOP. sl6p. n. s. Mean and vile liquor of any kind. Soil or spot made by water or other liquors fallen upon the place. SLOP, slop. n. s. [jdopen, Sax.] Trowsers; large and loose breeches ; drawers. Homily against Ex- cess of Apparel. Ready-made clothes. SLOP-SELLER*, slop'-sel-lur. n. s. One who sells ready-made clothes. Maydman. SLOP-SHOP*, sl&p'-sh&p. n. s. Place where ready- made clothes are sold. SLOPES, sl6pe. a. [yhpan, Sax.] Oblique; not per- pendicular. Bacon. SLOPE, sl6pe. n. s. An oblique direction ; any thing obliquely directed. Declivity; ground cut or form- ed wilh declivity. Bacon. SLOPE, sl6pe. ad. Obliquely ; not perpendicularly. Milton. To SLOPE, slope, v. a. To form to obliquity or de- clivity; to direct obliquely. Sliakspeare. To SLOPE, slope, v. n. To take an oblique or de- clivous direction. Dryden. SLO'PENESS, sl6pe'-nes. n. s. Obliquity ; decliv- ity; not perpendicularity. Wotton. SLOPE WISE, slope'-wlze. a. Obliquely ; not per- ^endicularly. Carew. O'PINGLY, sl6'-pmg-le. 410. ad. Obliquely; not perpendicularly. Digby. SLO'PPY, sl6p'-pe. a. Miry and wet : perhaps, rather, slabby. To SLOT, sl6t. v. a. [sluta, Swed. ; sluyten, Teut.] To strike or clash hard ; to slam : as, to slot a door. Ray. SLOT, sl6t. w. s. [rlaefcm^e, Sax.] The track of a deer. Drayton. SLOTH§, s\6th. 467. n.s. [j-laepS, y\ep%, Sax.] Slowness ; tardiness. Sliak. Laziness ; sluggish- ness ; idleness. Shak. An animal. Grew. To SLOTH*, s\6th. v. n. To slug; to lie idle. Gower. Oh.T. SLO'THFUL, slAto'-ffll. a. Idle; lazy ; sluggish; in- active; indolent ; dull of motion. Proverbs, xviii. SLO'THFULLY, skWi'-f&l-e. ad. Idly ; lazily ; with sloth. SLO'THFULNESS, sl6tfi'-ffil-nes. n. s. Idleness laziness; sluggishness; inactivity. Hooker. SLO'TTEKY*, slot'-tfir-e. a.'[slodderen, Tent."] Squalid ; dirty ; untrimmed. Chaucer. Foul ; wet ■ as, sloitery weather. Pryce. SLOUCH §, sloutsh. 313. n. s. [slok, Sueth.] An idle fellow; one who is stupid, heavy, or clownish. Granger. A downcast look; a depression of tliG head. An ungainly, clownish gait or mannest Swift. To SLOUCH, sl5utsh. v. n. To have a downcast, clownish look, gait, or manner. Lord Chesterfield. 7b SLOUCH*, sl6utsh. v. a. To depress; to press down : as, to slouch the hat. | : SLOUGH §, sl6u. 313, 390. n. s. [ r lo£, Sax.] A deep, miry place ; a hole full of dirt. Hayward. SLOUGH, slfif. 391. n.s. The skin which a serpent casts off at his periodical renovation. Shak. The skin. Shak. The part that separates from a foul sore. Wiseman. To SLOUGH, slflf. v. n. To part from the sound flesh : a chirurgical term. SLO'UGHY, slou'-e. a. Miry ; boggy ; muddy. Swift, SLO'VEN§, sluv'-ven. 103. n. s. [sloe/, Dutch; yslyvn, Welsh ; rlapian, Sax.] A man indecently negligent of cleanliness ; a man dirtily dressed Hooker. SLOVENLINESS, sluv'-ven-le-ngs. n. s. Indecent negligence of dress; neglect of cleanliness. Wot- ton. Any negligence or carelessness. Bp. Hall. SLO'VENLY, sluv'-ven-le. a. Negligent of dresa. Bp. Hall. SLOVENLY, slfiv'-vSn-le. ad. In a coarse, inelegant manner. Pope. SLO'VENRY, sluv'-ven-re. n.s. Dirtiness; want of neatness. Sliakspeare. SLOWS, sl6. 324. a. [plap, rlaep, Sax.] Not swift ; not quick of motion ; not speedy; not having velo- city ; wanting celerity. Milton. Late ; not happen- ing in a short time. Milton. Not ready ; not prompt ; not quick. Exodus, iv. Dull ; inactive 5 tardy ; sluggish. Dryden. Not hasty ; acting wilh deliberation ; not vehement. Comm. Prayer. Dull ; heavy in wit. Pope. SLOW, sl6, in composition, is an adverb, slmvly, Donne. To SLOW, sl6. v. a. To omit by dilaloriness ; to delay; to procrastinate. Shakspeare. SLOW*, s!6. n. s. [rlip, Sax.] A moth. Chaucer. Ob. T. SLO'WBACK* sl6'-bak. n.s. A lubber; an idle fellow. Favour. SLO'WLY, shV-le. ad. [rlauliee, Sax.] Not speedi- ly ; not wilh celerity ; not with velocity. Popa. Not soon ; not early ; not in a little time. Bacon, Not hastily; not rashly : as, He determines slowly. Not promptly; not readily : as, He learns slowly. Tardily ; sluggishly. Addison. SLO'WNESS, s!6'-nes. n. s. Smallness of motion ; not speed ; want of velocity ; absence of celerity or swiftness. Wilkins. Length of time in which any thing acts or is brought to pass; not quickness. Hooker. Dulness to admit conviction or affection. Bentley. Want of promptness ; want of readiness. Deliberation; cool delay. Dilatoriness ; procras- tination. SLO'WWORM^hV-wflrm. n.s. [rlap-pypm,Sax.] The blind worm; a small kind of viper, not mortal. scarcely venomous. Brown. To SLU'BBERS, slub'-bfir. 98. a. [slobbert, Sca« no-Goth.] To do any thing lazily, imperfectly, or with idle hurry. Sidney. To slain ; to daub, [from slobber, slabber, or slaver.] Shak. To cover coarse- ly or carelessly. Wotton. To SLU'BBER* slub'-bfir. v. n. To be in a hurry , to move with hurry. More. SLU'BBERDEGULLION, slub-bur-de-gfil'-yuji. n. s. A paltry, dirty, sorry wretch. Hudibras. SLU'BBERINGLY*, sl&b'-bur-mg-le. ad. In an im- perfect or slovenly manner. Drayton. SMA S'vfA — n6, m6ve, n6r, n6t; — tube, tulu, bull; — 611; — p6und j— thin, Tiiis. SLUDGE, slftdje. n.s. [flo^, Sax.] Mire; dirt mix- ed with water. Mortimer. SLUGS, slug. n.s. [slug, Dan. ; and slock, Dutch.] An idler ; a drone ; a slow, heavy, sleepy, lazy vretch. Sluxk. A hinderance ; an obstruction. Bacon. A kind of slow-creeping snail. Search, ■jrleeg, Sax.] A cylindrical or oval piece of metal snot from a gun. Barrow. To SLUG, slug. v. n. To lie idle ; to play the drone ; to move slowly. Spenser. To SLUG*, slug. t>. a. To make sluggish. Milton. SLUG-a-J?ee?*, slug'-a-bed. n. s. One who is fond of lying in bed ; a drone. Shakspea?-e. SLUGGARD, slfig'-gurd. 88. n.s. An idler; a drone ; an inactive, lazy fellow. Shakspeare. SLUGGARD*, slug'-gurd. a. Lazy; sluggish. Dry- den. To SLU'GGARDIZE, slug'-gur-dlze. v. a. To make idle ; to make dronish. Shakspeare. SLU GGISH, slfig'-glsh. a. [from slug.] Dull; drow- sy; lazy; slothful; idle; insipid; slow; inactive; inert. Spenser. SLUGGISHLY, s%'-g?sh-le. ad. Dully ; not nim- bi v; lazily; idly; slowly. Milton. SLUGGISHNESS, slfig'-glsh-nes. n. s. Dulness ; sloth ; laziness ; idleness; inertness. B. Jonson. SLU'GGY*, slfig'-ge. a. Sluggish. Chaucer. SLUICE S, sluse. 342. n.s. [sluyse, Dutch ; escluse, PY.l A walergate ; a floodgate ; a vent for water. Milton. To emit by floodgates. To SLUICE, sluse Shaksjyeare. SLU'ICY, slu/-se. a sluice or floodgate Falling in streams as from a Dryden. To SLU'MBERl, slfim'-bur. v.n. (jlumejiian, Sax. ; sluymeren, Dutch.] To sleep lightly ; to be not awake nor in profound sleep. Psalms. To sleep ; to repose. Milton. To be in a state of negligence and supineness. Young. To SLU'MBER, slum'-bur. v. a. To lay to sleep. Woiton. To stupify; to stun. Spenser. SLU'MBER, slum'-bur. 98. n. s. Light sleep; sleep not profound. Sluxk. Sleep ; repose. Dryden. SLU'MBERER*, slum'-bur-fir.^. (jlumene, Sax.] One who slumbers. Donne. SLUMBERING*, slum'-bfir-lng. n. s. State of re- pose. Job, xxxiii. SLUMBEROUS, sl&m'-bur-us. ) a. Inviting to sleep; SLU'MBERY, slum'-bur-e. \ soporiferous; causing sleep. Milton. Sleepy; not waking. Slmk. SLUNG, slung. The preterit and participle passive of sling. SLUNK, slungk. The preterii and participle pas- sive of slink. Milton. To SLURS, slur. v. a. [slorig, Teut., nasty ; sloore, a slut.] To sully ; to soil ; to contaminate. Cud- worth. To pass lightly; to balk ; to miss. More. To cheat; to trick. Hiid-il/ras. SLUR, slur. n. s. Faint reproach ; slight disgrace. L' Estrange. Trick. Butler. [In musick.] A mark denoting a connexion of one note with another. SLUTS, slut. n.s. [slodde, Teut.] A dirty person : now confined to a dirty woman. Goiver. A word of slight contempt to a woman. Shakspeare. SLU'TTERY, slut'-tur-e. 557. n. s. The qualities or practice of a slut. Shakspeare. SLUTTISH, shV-tlsh. a. Nasty; not nice; not cleanly; dirty; indecently negligent of cleanliness. Sidney. It is used sometimes for meretricious. Holiday. SLU'TTISHLY, slut'-tish-le. ad. In a sluttish man- ner; nastily; dirtily. Sir E. Sandys. SLUTTISHNESS, slut'-tlsh-nes. n. s. The quali- ties or practice of a slut : nastiness ; dirtiness. Sidney. SLYS, sli. a. jjliS, Sax.] Meanly artful ; secretly insidious; cunning. Spenser. Slight; thin; fine. Spenser. SLYLY, sll'-le. ad. With secret artifice ; insidiously. Phillips. See Slily. SLY'INESS*. sll'-nes. n.s. Designing artifice, [slyly and slyness, the correct spelling. Todd.] See Sli- NESS. To SMACKS, smak. v.n. [jmeeccan, Sax. ; smaec- ken, Dutch.] To have a taste; to be tinctured with any particular taste. Barret. To have a tincture or quality infused. Shak. To make a noise bv separation of the lips strongly pressed together, as after a taste. Barrow. To kiss with a close com- pression of the lips, so as to be heard when they separate. Pope. To SMACK, smak. v. a. To kiss. Donne. To make to emit any quick, smart noise. Young. SMACK, smak. n. s. [rmeec, Sax. ; smaeck, Dutch.] Taste; savour. Tincture; quality from something mixed. Spenser. A pleasing taste. Tusser. A small quantity; a taste. Dryden. The act of part- ing the lips audibly, as after a pleasing taste. A loud kiss. Slmk. [j-nacca, Sax.; sneclcra, Icel.] A small ship. A blow, given with the flat of the hand : a vulgar word : as, a snutck on the face. SMALL S- small. 84. a. [j-mal, Sax. ; smal. Dutch.] Little in quantity; not great. Isaiah, liv. Slender; exile; minute. Deut. ix. Little in degree. Acts, xix. Little in importance; petty; minute. Genesis. Little in the principal quality : as, snuxll beer; not strong ; weak. Swift. Gentle ; soft ; melodious. 1 Kings, xix. SMALL, small, n.s. The small or narrow part of any thing. Sidney. To SMALL*, small, v. a. To make little or less. Prompt. Pare. Ob. T. SMA'LLAGE, small'-ldje. n. s. A plant. Miller. SMA'LLCOAL, smalF-kole. n. s. Utile wood coal3 used to light fires. Spectator. SMA'LLCRAFT, small'-kraft. n.s. [small and craft.] A little vessel below the denomination of ship. Dryden. SMA'LLISH*, small'-lsh. a. Somewhat small. Chau- cer. SMA'LLNESS, small'-nes. n. s. Littleness; not greatness. Bacon. Littleness ; want of bulk ; mi- nuteness; exility. Bacon. Want of strength; weak- ness. Gentleness ; softness : as, the smulhtess of a woman's voice. Barret. SMALLPOX, small-poks'. 406. n.s. [small and pox.] An eruptive distemper of great malignity ; variolar. Wiseman. SMA'LLY, smalMe. ad. In a little quantity; with minuteness ; in a little or low degree. Ascham. SMALT, smalt, n.s. [smalto, ltal. ; smaelta, Su. Goth.] A beautiful blue substance, produced from two parts of zaffre being fused with three parts common salt, and one part potash. Hill. Blue glass. SMA'RAGDS*, smar'-agd. n.s. [a/xapaySos.] The emerald. Bale. SMA'RAGDINE, sma-rag'-dln. 140. a. Made of emerald ; resembling emerald. SMARTS, smart. 78. n.s. [jmeopfca, Sax.; smert, Dutch ; smarta, Swed.] Quick, pungent, lively pain. Sidney. Fain, corporal or intellectual. Spenser. To SMART, smart, v. n. (jmeoptan, Sax.] To feel quick, lively pain. South. To feel pain of body or mind. Proverbs. SMART, smart, a. Pungent ; sharp ; causing smart. Sliakspeare. Quick ; vigorous ; active. Claren- don. Producing any effect with force and vigour. Dryden. Acute ; witty ; Tillotson. Brisk ; viva- cious ; lively. Addison. SMART, smart, n. s. A fellow affecting briskness and vivacity. To SMA'RTEN*, smaV-tn. v. a. To make smart or showv. To SMA'RTLE*, smarMl. v.n. To smartle away ; is to waste or melt away. Ray. SMA'RTLY, smart'-le. 'ad. After a smart manner ; sharply; briskly; vigorously; wittily. Clarendon. SMA'RTNESS, smarf'-nes. n. s. The quality of be- ing smart; quickness; vigour. Boyle. Liveliness; briskness ; wittiness. Bp. Taxjlor. To SMASH*, smash, v. a. [smaccare, ltal.; sckmris sen, Germ.] To break in pieces. To SMATCH*, smatsh. v.n. To have a taste Ban ister. 849 SMI SMO O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met j— pine, pin;— SMATCH, smatsh. n. s. [corrupted from s?nack.] Taste; tincture; twang. Shakspeare. A bird. To SMA ; TTER§, smat'-tur. v.n. [smaedr, smatt, Icel.] To have a slight taste ; to have a slight, su- perficial, and imperfect knowledge. Huloet. To talk superficially or ignoranlly. Hudibras. SMARTER, smat'-tur. 98. n.s. Superficial or slight knowledge. Temple. SMA'TTERER, smat/-t5r-ur. n, s. One who has a slight or superficial knowledge. Burton. SMATTERING*, smat'-lur-rng. n.s. Superficial knowledge. Bp. Hall. To SMEAR §, smeer. 227. it. a. [j*mepian, Sax.; smeeren, Teut.] To overspread with somelliing viscous and adhesive; to besmear. Sluik. To soil ; to contaminate. Shakspeare. SMEAR, smeer. n.s. Anointment; any fat liquor or juice. SME'ARY, smeer'-e. a. Dauby; adhesive. Rome. SMEATH, smto/i. n. s. A sea-fowl. Rome. To SMEETH, smhHh. )v.a. []nni$8e, Sax.] To To SMUTCH, sm&tsh. 5 smoke ; to blacken with smoke. Ob. J. SME'GMATICK,smeg'-ma-tfk. a. My/m.] Soapy; detersive. To SMELL §, smeM. v. a. pret. and part, smelt, [smoel, Dutch, warm; because smells are increased by heat.] To perceive by the nose. Collier. To find out by mental sagacity. L' Estrange. To SMELL, smel. v.n. To strike the nostrils. Shak. To have any particular scent. Bacon. To have a particular tincture or smack of any quality. Shak. To practise the act of smelling. Exod. xxx. To exercise sagacity. Shakspeare. SMELL, smeT. n. s. Power of smelling; the sense of which the nose is the organ. Davies. Scent ; power of affecting the nose. Bacon. SME'LLER, sme^-lur. 98. n.s. One who smells. One who is smelled. Beaumont and Fleiclver. The organ of smelling. SME'LLFEAST, smel'-feest. n.s. [smell and feast] A parasite; one who haunts good tables. Bp. Halt. SME'LLING*, smel'-img. n. s. The sense by which smells are perceived. l~Cor. xii. SMELT, smelt. The pret. and part. pass, of smell. King. SMELT, smelt, n.s. [jmelfc, Sax.] A small sea fish. Carew. To SMELT §, smelt, v. n. [smalta, Icel.; smaelta, smelta, Su. Goth.] To melt ore, so as to extract the metal. Woodward. SME'LTER, smelt'-ur. 98. n. s. One who melts ore. Woodward. To SMERK §, smerk. v.n. [pnepcian, Sax.] To smile wantonly, or pertly; to seem highly pleased ; to seem favourable ; to fawn. Mirror Jor Magis- trates. SMERK*, or SMIRK*, smgrk. n. s. [j-maepc, Sax.] A kind of fawning smile. Ld. Chesterfield. SME'RKY, smer'-ke. 108. ) a. Nice; smart : jaunty. SMIRK*, smerk. X Spenser. SME'RLIN, smftrMln. n.s. A fish. Ainsworth. To SMFCKER§*, smfk'-ur. v. n. [smickra, Swed.] To smirk ; to look amorously or wantonly. Kersey. SMFCKERING*, smfk'-ur-mg. n. s. A look of am- orous inclination. Dry den. SMFCKET, smlk'-kft. 99. n.s, [diminutive of smock, smocket, smicket.] The under garment of a woman. SMFDDY*, smld'-de. n. s. [sclmidte, Germ.; ymifScSe, Sax.] The shop of a smith. Comment on Chaucer. ToSMIGHT. For smite. Spenser. To SMILE §, smile, v.n. [smuylen, Teut.; smila, Dan. and Swed.] To contract the face with pleas- ure ; to express kindness, love, or gladness, by the countenance : contrary to frown. Ecclus. xxi. To express slight contempt by the look. Camden. To look gay or joyous. Shak. To be favourable ; to be propitious. Milton. To SMILE*, smile, v. a. To awe with a contemptu- ous smile. Young. SMILE, smile, n.s. A slight contraction of the face ; a look of pleasure, or kindness. Shak. Gay or joyous appearance. Addison. SMl'LER*, smi'-lur. n. s. One who smiles. Young. SMl'LINGLY, sml'-llng-le. ad. With a look' of pleasure. Boyle. To SMILT, smllt. v.n. [corrupted from smelt, ox melt.] Mortimer. To SMIRCH, smSrtsh. 108. v. a. [from murk, o- murky.'] To cloud ; to dusk ; to soil. Shakspeare. Tb SMIRK, smerk. v.n. To look affectedly soft or kind. Young. SM1T, smit. The part. pass, of smite. Tickell. To SMITE §, smite.?;, a. pret. smote ; part. pass, smit, smitten, [j-mitan, Sax. ; smijien, Dutch.] To strike • to reach with a blow ; to pierce. Ps. cxxi. To kill; to destroy. ISam. ii. To afflict; to chasten. Wake. To blast. Exodus. To affect with anv passion. Milton. To SMITE, smite, v. n. To strike ; to collide. Na hum. SMITE*, smite, n. s. A blow : used in the midland counties. Farmer. SMFTER, smi'-tur. 98. n. s. One who smites. Isa 1.6. SMITH §, smMh. 467. n.s. [pniS, Sax.; schmid, Germ.] One who forges with his hammer ; one who works in metals. Sluik. He that makes or effects any thing. Dryden. To SMITH*, smith, v. a. [pniSian, Sax.] To beat into shape as a smith. Chaucer. SMFTHCRAFT, simW-kraft. n.s. [ r mi?Scji8efc Sax.] The art of a smith. Raleigh. SMFTHERY, snrtW-ur-e. n. s. The shop of a smith. Work performed in a smith's shop. Burke SMFTHING, smith* -fag. n.s. [from smith.] An art manual, by which an irregular lump, or several lumps of iron, is wrought into an intended shape. Moxon. SMPTHY, smW-k n.s. [j-mi&Se, Sax.] The shop of a smith. Dryden. SMITT, smit. n.s. The finest of the clayey ore. made up into balls; they use it for marking of sheep, and call it smitt. Woodward. SMFTTEN, smit'-tn. 103. The part. pass, of smite. Struck; killed; affected with passion. Isa. liii. To SMFTTLE§*, snuV-tl. via. [j-mifctan, Sax. ; smetten, Teut.] To infect. Grose. SMPTTLE* smft'-tl. ) t„&^;«™ SMPTTL1SH*, simV-tl-ish. \ a ' Infecll0US - SMOCK §, smok. n.s. [j*moc, Sax.] The under garment of a woman ; a shift. Sidney. Smock is used in a ludicrous kind of composition for any thing relating to women. B. Jonson. SMOCKFA'CED, smok'-faste. 359. a. Palefaced; maidenly; effeminate. Dryden. SMOCKFRO'CK*, sm&kM'rok. n.s. [smock and frock.] A gaberdine. SMO'CKLESS*, smok'-l§s. a. Wanting a smock. Chaucer. SMOKE §, smoke, n. s. [jrnoc, ]-mic, pmec, Sax. ; smoek, Su. Goth.] The visible effluvium, or sooty exhalation from any thing burning. Sidney. To SMOKE, sm6ke. v. n. [j*mecan, j-mican, Sax.] To emit a dark exhalation by heat. Gen. xv. To burn ; to be kindled. Deuteronomy. To move with such swiftness as to kindle ; to move very fast, so as to raise dust like smoke. Dryden. To smell, or hunt out. Addison. To use tobacco. To suffer : to be punished. Shakspeare. To SMOKE, smoke, v. a. To scent by smoke; to medicate by smoke, or dry in smoke. Arbutlmot. To expel by smoke. Sir E. Sandys. To smell out ; to find out. Shak. [c/iw^w.] To sneer ; to ridicule to the face. Addison. To SMOKE-dry, sm6ke'-drl. v. a. To dry by smoke. Mortimer. SMO'KER, smo'-kur. 98. n.s. One that dries or per- fumes by smoke. One that uses tobacco. SMO'KELESS, smokeMes. a. Having no smoke. Pope. SMO K ILY*, smd'-ke-le. ad. So as to be full of smoke Slierwood. 850 SMU SNA -no, move, nflr, not ; — tibe, tftb ; bull ; — 6ll 3 — pound ; — 2/iin, SMO'KY, smo-'-ke. a. Emitting smoke; fumid. Dnj- dm. Having- the appearance or nature of smoke. Harvey. Noisome with smoke. Shak. Dark 3 ob- scure. Skinner. To S.MOOR.*, smOor. ) v. a. [rmopan, Sax. ; smoor- To SWORE*, sm6re. \ en, Tout.] To suflbcate; to smother. More? SMOOTH §, smoOTH. 306, 467. a. [ r meo\ ymoeo\ Sax. 3 mwyth, Welsh.] Even on the surface 5 not rough ; level; having no asperities. Gen. xxvii. Evenly spread 3 glossy. Pope. Equal in pace ; without starts or obstruction. Milton. Gently flowing. Milton. Voluble; not harsh; soft. Gay. Bland; mild; adulatory. Milton. SMOOTH*, smoOTH. n. s. That which is smooth. Gen. xxvii. To SMOOTH, smoOTH. v.a. [ymeSian, Sax.] To level ; to make even on the surface. Isaiah, x\\. To work into a soft, uniform mass. Ray. To make easy ; to rid from obstructions. Pope. To make flowing ; to free from harshness. Milton. To palliate 3 to soften. Sliak. To calm 3 to mollify. Milton. To ease. Dryden. To flatter; to soften with blan- dishments. Shakspeare. To SMOOTHEN, sm65'-THn. v. a. Q-meSian, Sax.] To make even and smooth. Moxon. SMO'OTHER*, smooTH'-ur. n.s. One who smooths, or frees from harshness. Bp. Percy. SMOOTHFACED, smoSTH'-faste. 359. a. Mild looking ; having a smooth air. Shakspeare. SMOOTHLY, smSoTH'-le-. ad. Not roughly; even- ly. Guardian. With even glide. Pope. Without obstruction ; easily ; readily. Hooker. With soft and bland language. Mildly; innocentlv. Shelton. SMOOTHNESS, "smoo-TH'-nCs. n.s. Evenness on the surface; freedom from asperity. Dryden. Softness or mildness on the palate. Phillips. Sweet- ness and softness of numbers. Temple. Blandness and gentleness of speech. Shakspeare. SMOTE, smote. The pret. of smite. Milton. To SxMO'THER§, smuTH'-ftr. 469. v.a. [j-mojian, Sax.] To suflbcate with smoke, or by exclusion of the air. Sidney. To suppress. Hooker. To SMO'THER, sm&TH'-ur. v. n. To smoke without vent. Bacon. To be suppressed or kept* close. Collier. SMO'THER, smiiTH'-Qr. 98. n.s. A state of suppres- sion. Bacon. Smoke ; thick dust. Shakspeare. To SMOUCH*. smfiulsh. v. a. [perhaps from smack.] To salute. Stubbes. SMOULDERING, smol'-d&r-fng. )part. [ymo*an, SMOUL0RY, smol'-dre. 318. ' \ Sax.] Burning and smoking without vent. Spenser. SMUG $,smiig. a. [smucken, Teut.; y'lse^an, Sax.] Nice 3 spruce; dressed with affectation ofniceness, but without elegance. Preston. To SMUG, smug. v. a. To adorn 3 to spruce. Chap- man. To SMU'GGLE§, smug'-gl. 405. v. a. [smokkelen, Dutch.] To import or export goods without paying the customs. To manage or convey secretly. SMU / GGLER,smug''-gl-ur. 98. n. s. A wretch, who, in defiance of justice and the laws, imports or ex- ports goods either contraband or without payment of the customs. Crahhe. SMUGGLING*, smfig'-gl-mg. n. s. The offence of importing goods without paying the duties imposed by the laws of the customs and excise. Blackstone. SMUGLY, smug'-le. ad. Neatly ; sprucely. Gay. SMU'GNESS, sm<'ig'-nes. n. s. Spruceness ; neat- ness without elegance. Sherwood. SMU'LY*, srmV-Te. a. [perhaps a corruption of smoothly.'] Looking smoothly ; demure. SMUT §, smth. n. s. [-pmifcta, Sax. ; smetie, Dutch.] A spot made with soot or coal. Must or blackness gathered on corn ; mildew. Mortimer. Obscenity. To SMUT, smut. v. a. [j-mittan, Sax.] To stain 3 to mark with soot or coal. Harmar. To taint with mildew. Bacon. 7V) SMUT, smut. v. n. To gather must. Mortimer. To SMUTCH, smutsh. v. a. [from smut.] To black with smoke 3 to mark with soot or coal. Sliak. SMU'TTILY, smut'-te-le. ad. Blackly j smokily. Obscenelv. Taller. SMU'TT.INESS, smfit'-te-ne's. n. s. Soil from smoke. Temple. Obsceneness. SMU'TTY, sm&t'-te. a. Black with smoke or coal. Howell. Tainted with mildew. Locke. Obscene, not modest. Horneck. SNACK, snak. n. s. A share ; a part taken by com- pact. Dryden. A slight, hasty repast. SNA'CKET* shak'-ft. > n.s. See Snecr. The hasp SNE'CKET* sndk'-It. J of a casement. Slier ■wood. SNA'COT, snak'-ftl. n.s. A fish. Ainsworth. SNA'FFLE §, snaf-fl. 405. n. s. [snave.l, Dutch.] A bridle which crosses the nose. Shakspeare. To SNAFFLE, snaf-fl. v. a. To bridle ; to hold ir a bridle 3 to hold 5 to manage. Mir. for Mag. SNAG§, snag. n. s. [ynsecce, Sax. 5 scliuecken. Germ.] A jag, or short protuberance. Spenser. A tooth left by itself, or standing beyond the rest 3 a tooth, in contempt. Prior. SNA'GGED, snag'-ged. 366.7a. Full of snags ; full SNAGGY, snag'-ge. 383. y of shar P Protuber- ances 3 shooting into sharp points. Spenser. Snag- fy is a northern word for testy, peevish, [snacken, 'eut] SNAIL $, snale. 202. n. s. [j-iwegl, Sax. ; snegcl, Dutch.] A slimy animal which creeps on plants, some with shells on their backs; the emblem of slowness. Shak. A name given to a drone from the slow motion of a snail. Shakspeare. SNAIL-CLAVER, snale'-klav-fir. ) n. s. An herb. SNAIL-TREFOIL, snale'-tre-foil. $ Ainsworth. SNAIL-LIKE*, snale'-llke. a. In. a way resembling the slowness of a snail. B. Jonson. SNAKE §, snake, n. s. [j-naca, Sax. 3 snake, Dutch.] A serpent of the oviparous kind, distinguished from a viper. The snake's bite is harmless. Snake, in poetrv, is a general name for a serpent. Shak. SNA'KEROOTjSnakV-rddt. n.s. A species of birth- wort growing in Virginia and Carolina. SNA'KESHEAD Lis, snaks'-hed-l'-rls. n.s. A plant Miller. SNAKEWEED, or Bistort, snake'-wecd. n. s. [bu- torla. Lat.] A plant. SNA KEWOOD, snake'-wud. n. s. Smaller branch- es of the root of a tall, straight tree, growing in the island of Timor, and other parts of the East. Hill. ^SNA'KY, sna'-ke. a. Serpentine; belonging to a snake 3 resembling a snake. Speiiser. Having ser- pents. B. Jonson. To SNAP $, snap. v. a. [the same with knap.] To break at once 3 to break short. Bramhall. To strike with a knacking noise, or sharp sound. Pope To bite. Wiseman. To catch suddenly and unex pectedly. Wotton. [sneipa, Icel.] To treat with sharp language. Hudibras. To SNAP, snap. v. n. To bre.'.k short; to fall asun der ; to break without bending. Donne. To make an effort to bite with eagerness. SJiak. To express sharp language. Bp. Prideaux. SNAP, snap. n. s. The act of breaking with a quick motion. A greedy fellow. L' Estrange. A quick eager bite. Careio. A catch ; a theft. SNATDRAGON. or Calf's Snout, snap'-drag-un. n.s. A plant. A kind of play, in which brandy Is set on fire, and raisins thrown into it, which those who are unused to the sport are afraid to take out 5 but which may be safely snatched by a quick motion, and put blazing into "the mouth, which being closed, the fire is at once extinguished. Toiler. The thing eaten at snap-dragon. Swift. SNA'PHANCE*, snap'-hanse. n. s. [schnaphan, Germ.] A kind of firelock. Shelton. Ob. T. SNA'PPER, suap'-pur. 98. n.s. One who snaps. Shakspeare. SNATPISH, snap'-pfsh. a. Eager to bite. Swift. Peevish ; sharp in reply. Henry, Earl of Claren- don's Diary. SNATPISHLY, snap'-plsh-le. ad. Peevishly ; tartly. SNA'PPISHNESS. snap'-pish-nes. n. s. Peevish- ness ; tartness. Wakefield. 851 SNE SNO \W 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pin ;— SNATSACK, snap'-sak. n. s. [snappsack, Swed.] A soldier's bag : more usually knapsack. South. To SNAR*, snar. u. «. [s/wrren, Teut.] To snarl. Spenser. SNARE §, snare, n. s. [snara, Swed. and Ieel. ; snare, Dan.] Any thing- set to catch an animal ; a gin ; a net; a noose. Milton. Any thing by which one is entrapped or entangled. 1 Cor. vii. To SNARE, snare, v. a. To entrap ; to entangle ; to catch in a noose. Psalm ix. SNA'RER* snare'-ur. n. s. One who lays snares. Crabbe. To SNARL $, snarl, v. n. [snarren, Teut.] To growl as an angry animal; to gnarl. Sltak. To speak roughly ; to talk in rude terms. Dryden. To SNARL, snarl, v. a. To entangle ; to embar- rass ; to twist. Abp. Cranmer. SNA'RLER, snar'-lur. 98. n. s. One who snarls ; a growling, surly, quarrelsome, insulting fellow. Swift. SNA'RY, sna'-re. a. Entangling ; insidious. Dryden. SN AST, snast. n. s. The snuff of a candle. Bacon. To SNATCH §, snatsh. v. a. [snacken, Teut.] To seize any thing hastily. Hooker. To transport or carry suddenly. Clarendon. To SNATCH, snatsh. v. n. To bite, or catch eagerly at something. Sliakspeare. SNATCH, snatsh. n.s. A hasty catch. A short fit of vigorous action. Tusser. A small part of any thing; a broken part. Shak. A broken or inter- rupted action; a short fit. Wilkins. A quip; a shuffling answer. Sliakspeare. SNA'TCHER, snatsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One who snatch- es, or takes any thing in haste. Sliakspeare. SNA'TCHINGLY, snatsh'-ing-le. 410. ad. Hastily; with interruption. To SNATHE $*, snaTHe. v. a. [yniftan, Sax.] To prune ; to lop. SNA'TTOCK*, snatMuk. n. s. A chip ; a slice ; a cutting. Gayton. 2*0 SNEAK $, sneke. 227. v. n. [j-nican, Sax. ; snig- er, Dan.] To creep slyly ; to come or go as if afraid to be seen. Shak. To behave with mean- ness and servility; to crouch ; to truck! j. South. To SNEAK*, sneke. v. a. To hide ; to conceal. Wake. SNEAK*, sneke. n. s. A sneaking fellow. SNEAK-CUP*. See Sneakup. SNEAKER, sne'-kur. 98. n.s. A small vessel of drink. A sneaker of punch is a term still used in several places for a small bowl. SNE'AKING, sne'-klng. part. a. Servile ; mean ; low. Rowe. Covetous; niggardly; meanly par- simonious. SNE'AKINGLY, sne'-klng-le. 410. ad. Meanly ; ser- vilely. Herbert. In a covetous manner. SNE'AKINGNESS, sne'-kmg-nes. n. s. Niggardli- ness. Meanness; pitifulness. Boyle. SNE / AKSBY*,sneeks'-be. n. s. A paltry fellow; a cowardly, sneaking fellow. Barrow. SNE'AKUP, sne'-kfip. n. s. A cowardly, creeping, insidious scoundrel. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. To SNEAP §, snepe. 227. v. a.Jsneipa, Icel.] To reprimand ; to check. More. To nip. Sliakspeare. SNEAP, snepe. n.s. A reprimand; a check. Shak- speare. To SNEB, sneb. v. a. See To Sneap. To check; to chide ; to reprimand. Spenser. SNECK*, snek. n.s. The latch or bolt of a door. To SNED*. See To Snathe. SNEED*, snede. n. s. [fDaeb, Sax.] The handle of a si the. Evelyn. To SNEER $, snere. 246. v. n. [apparently of the same family with snore and snort.] To show con- tempt by looks. To insinuate contempt by covert expressions. Pope. To utter with grimace. Con- sr?re. To show awkward mirth. Toiler. SNEER, snere. n.s. A look of contemptuous ridi- cule. Pope. An expression of ludicrous scorn. Watts. SNE / ERER,sneei J '-ur. n. s. One that sneers or shows contempt. Warburton. SNE'ERFUL* sneer'-ful. a. Given to sneering : a bad word. Shenstone. SNE'ERINGLY*, snere'-lng-le. ad. With a look or with expression of ludicrous scorn. To SNEEZE§, sneeze. 246. v.n. [nie r an. Sax.; niesen, Dut.] To emit wind audibly by the nose. Bacon. SNEEZE, sneeze, n.s. Emission of wind audibly by the nose. Milton. SNE'EZING*, sneez'-ing. n. s. Act of sneezing; sternutation. Medicine to promote sneezing Bur- ton. SNE'EZEWORT, sneez'-wurt. n. s. A plant. SNELL*, snel. a. [rnel, Sax.] Nimble; active; lively. Lye. Ob. T. SNET, snet. n. s. The fat of a deer. Diet. SNEW, snii. The old pret. of To snow. Cliancer. To SNIB, snlb. v. a. [snyfba, Su. Goth. See To Sneap.] To check ; to nip ; to reprimand. Chaucer, SNICK*, sn?k. n.s. A small cut or mark. A latch. SNICK and Snee, snfk'-and-snee'. n. s. [snee, Dut.] A combat with knives. Wiseman. To SNICKER, snfk'-ur. ; v. n. [another form of To SNFGGER, snfg'-gur. \ sneer. \ To laugh sly- ly, wantonly, or contemptuously ; to laugh in one's sleeve. Diet. To SNIFF $, sn?f. v. n. [snyfsta, Su. Goth. See To Snuff.] To draw breath audibly up the nose Swift. To SNIFF*, snlf. v. a. To draw in with the breath. SNIFF*, snlf. n. s. Perception by the nose. Warlon. To SNIFT* snlft. v. n. To snort: " to snift in con- tempt." Johnson. SNIFT*. snlft. n. s. A moment. SiNIG $*, snlg. n. s. A kind of eel. Grose. To SNFGGLE, sulg'-gl. v.n. To fish for eels. Wal- ton. To SNFGGLE*, snlg'-gl. v. a. To catch; to snare. Beaumont and Fletcher. To SNIPS, snip. v.a. [snippen, Teut.] To cut at once with scissors. Beaumont and Fletcher . SNIP, snip. n.s. A single cut with scissors. Shak. A small shred. Wiseman. A share; a snack. IJ Estrange. SNIPE, snipe, n. s. [schneppe, Germ. ; snip, Dutch.] A small fen fowl with a long bill. Floyer. A fool ; a blockhead. Shakspeare. SNFPPER, snlp'-p&r. 98. n. s. One that snips. SNFPPET, snlp'-ph. 99. n. s. A small part; a share. Hudibras. SNFPSNAP, snlp'-snap. n. s. [a cant word formed by reduplication of snap.) Tart dialogue; with quick replies. Pope. SNITE, snlte. n. s. [rnica, Sax.] A snipe. Carew. To SNITE, snlte. v. a. [j-nyfean, Sax.; snuyten, Teut.] To blow the nose : in Scotland, " suite the candle, snuff it." Grew. SNITHE*,orSNFTHY*.a. [ r niSan, Sax.] Sharp; piercing; cutting: applied to the wind. SNFVEL §, snlv'-vl. 102. n. s. [yx V^lin^, rnopel, Sax.] Snot; the running of the ivse. To SNFVEL, snlv'-vl. v. n. To run at the nose. To cry as children. L' Estrange. SNFVELLER, sniv'-vl-ur. 98. n.s, A weeper; a weak lamenter. Swift. SNFVELLY*. snlv'-vl-le. a. Running at the nose. Pitiful; whining. SNOD*, sn&d. n. s. [jnob, Sax.] A fillet ; a riband. SNOD*, sn&d. a. [perhaps from j-mban, Sax.] Trimmed; smooth : applied, in some parts of the north, both to persons and to grass; in the former meaning well dressed, in the latter even. It is also pronounced snog. See Snug. To SNOOK*, sn6Sk. v. n. [snoka, Swed.] To lurk; to lie in ambush. Scott. To SNORE §, snore, v. n. [snorcken, Teut. ; schvar- chen, Germ.] To breathe hard through the nose, as men in sleep. B. Jonson. SNORE, snore, n. s. [fnopa, Sax.] Audible respira tion of sleepers through the nose. Sliakspeare. SNO'RER, snore'-ur. n. s. One who snores. Prompt Parv. 852 SNU SOB — nO, move, nor, not — tiibe, tab, bfill :— 6:! — pdftnd ; — th'm, this. To SNORTS, sndrt. v. n. [snorcken, Teut.] To breathe hard through the nose, as men in sleep. Burton. To blow through the nose, as a high-met- tled horse. Addison. To SNORT* snOrt. v. a. To turn up in anger, scorn, or derision : applied to the nose. Chaucer SNORTER*, Siidrl'-ur. n. s. A snorer ; one who snorts. Sherwood. SNORTING*, sn6rt'-?ng. n.s. Act of snoring. Act of blowing through the nose, as a high-mettled horse. Jer. viii. SNOT §, snot. n.s. [j-noce, Sax. 5 snot, Teut.] The mucus of the nose. Swift. To SNOT*, snot. v. n. [pnytan, Sax.] To snite or blow the nose. Swift. To SNO'TTER*, snot'-t&r. v. n. To snivel; to sob or cry. Grose. SNOTTY, snot'-te. a. Full of snot. Arbutlraot. SNOUT S, snout. 313. n.s. [snuyt. Teut.; pnufce, Sax.] The nose of a beast. Tusser. The nose of a man in contempt. Hudibras. The nosle or end of anv hollow pipe. n o SNOUT*, snout. To SNOUT*, shout, v. a. To furnish with a nosle or point. Camden. SNO'UTED, snd&t'-£d. a. Having a snout. Heijlin. SNO'UTY* sndut'-e. a. Resembling a beast's snout. Otway. SNOW'S, sn6. 324. n, s. [snakes, M. Goth. ; sneeuw, Teut. ; pnap, Sax.] The small particles of water frozen before they unite into drops. Job, xxiv. A ship with two masts : generally the largest of all two- masted vessels employed by Europeans, and the most convenient for navigation. Falconer. To SNOW, sn6. v. n. [pnapan, Sax. ; sneeuwen, Dutch.] To fall in snow. Brown. To SNOW, sn6. v. a.To scatter like snow. Donne. SNOWBALL, sn6 / -ball. n. s. A round Jump of con- gested snow. Locke. SNO'WBROTH, sno'-brotf*. n.s. Very cold liquor. S'uikspeare. SNO WCROWNED*, snassion. Rogers. Calmness ; coolness. Bp. Tay- or. Seriousness ; gravity. Waterland. SOC§*, s6k. n.s. [foe, Sax.] Jurisdiction; circuit, or place, where a lord has the power or liberty of holding a court of his tenants, and administering justice. Blount. Liberty or privilege of tenants excused from customary burthens. Cowel. An ex- clusive privilege claimed by millers of grinding all the corn which is used within the manor, or town- ship, wherein their mill stands. Grose. SO'CCAGE, s6k'-kadje. 90. n. s. [soc, Fr. ; soccagi- um, barbarous Lat.] A tenure of lands for certain inferiour or husbandry services to be performed to the lord of the fee. All services due for land being knight's service, or soccage ; so that whatever is not knight's service is soccage. Cowel. SOCCAGER, sok'-ka-jur. n. s. A tenant by soc- cage. SOCIABILITY* s6-she-a-bll / -e-te. n.s. Sociable- ness. Warburion. SOCIABLE §, s6'-she-a-bl. 405. a. [sociable, Fr. ; sociabilis, Lat.] Fit to be conjoined. Hooker. Rea- dy to unite in a general interest. Addison. Friend- ly ; familiar ; conversable. Milton. Inclined to com- pany. Wotton. SO'CIABLE*, s6'-she-a-bl. n.s. A kind of less ex- alted phaeton, with two seats facing each other, and a box for the driver. Mason. SO'CIABLENESS, s6-/-she-a-bl-n§s.7i.s. Inclination to company and converse. Donne. Freedom of conversation ; good fellowship. Haijward. SOCIABLY, s6'-she-a-ble. ad. Conversably; as a companion. Milton. SOCIALS, s6'-shal. 357. a. [socialis, Lat.] Relating to a general or publick interest ; relating to society. Locke. Easy to mix in friendly gayely ; compan- ionable. Pope. Consisting in union or converse with another. Milton.. SOCIALITY*, s6-she-al / -e-te. n. s. Socialness. Sterne. SOCIALLY*, so'-shal-le. ad. In a social way. SOCIALNESS, s6 / -shal-nes. n. s. The quality of be- ing social. SOCFETY, sd-sl'-e-te. 460. n. s. [societe, Fr. ; socie- tas, Lat.] Union of many in one general interest. Leslie. Numbers united in one interest ; commu- nity. Tillotson. Company ; converse. Shak. Part- nership ; union on equal terms. Milton. SOCFNIAN*, so-sln'-e-an. n.s. One who follows the opinions of Socinus, who denied the proper divini- ty and atonement of Christ. Smth. SOCFNIAN*, s6-sm'-e-an. a. Of or belonging to So- cinianism. Hard. SOCFNIANISM*, so-sm'-e-an-fem. n. s. The tenets first propagated by Socinus, in the sixteenth cen- tury. Bp. Hall. SOCK §, s6k. n. s. [soccus, Lat. ; yoec, Sax. ; socke, Teut.] Something put between the foot and shoe. Bacon. The shoe of the ancient comick actors, taken in poems for comedy, and opposed to buskin or tragedy. Milttn. A plough-share, or plough- sock. SO'CKET, s&k'-ldt. 99. n. s. [sowhette, Fr.] Any hollow pipe ; generally the hollow of a candlestick. Spenser. The receptacle of the eye. Dryden. Any hollow that receives something inserted Ba- con. SOCKETCHISEL, sok'-it-tsh?z-el. n. s. A stronger sort of chisels. Moxon. SO''CLE, so'-kl. 4G5. n. s. A flat square member, under the bases of pedestals of statues and vases » it serves as a foot or stand. Bailey. SOCKLESS*. sok'-les. a. Wanting socks or shoe* Beaumont and Fletcher. SO'CMAN, sok'-man. ) n. s. [rocarman, Sax.] SO'CCAGER, s&k'-ka-jfir. ] A sort of tenant that holds lands and tenements by soccage tenure. Cowel. SOCMANRY*, sok'-man-re. n. s. [sokemanria, low LatJ Free tenure by soccage. Cowel. SO'COME, sok'-um. n. s. A custom of tenants to grind corn at their lord's mill. Cowel. SOCRA'TICAL*, s6-krat'-e-kal. )a. After the man- SOCRA'TICK*, s6-krat'-fk. $ ner or doctrine of the philosopher Socrates. Sir J. Harrington. SOCRA'TICALLY*, s6-krat'-e-kal-le. ad. With the Socratical mode of disputation. Goodman. SO'CRATISM* s&k'-ra-dzm. n. s. The philosophy of Socrates. SOCRATIST* s&k'-ra-tfst. n. s. A disciple of Soc- rates. Martin. SOD §, sod. n. s. [seed, Dutch.] A turf; a clod. Swi/L SOD*, sod. a. Made of turf. Cunningham. SOD, sod. The pret. of seethe. Gen. xxv. The par- ticiple passive. Burton. SO'DA*, s6 / -da. n. s. A fixed alkali ; sometimes found native, but most generally obtained by burning maritime plants. SODA Water*, so'-da-wa'-t&r. A medicated drink, prepared by dissolving salt of soda in certain pro- portions of water. SODA'LITY, so-dal'-e-te. n. s. [sodality old Fr.] A fellowship ; a fraternity. Parth. Sacra. SOTJDEN, sod'-d'n. 105. [from seethe.] Boiled. La- ment, iv. Seethed. Shakspeare. SO'DDY*, sod'-de. a. Turfy full of sods. Cotgrave. To SO'DER §, sod'-dur. 98. v. a. [souder, Fr. ; gen- erally written solder, from soldare, llal.; solidare, Lat.] To cement with some metallick matter. Isa, xli. See Solder. SODER, s&d'-d&r. n. s. Metallick cement. Collier. SOE, s6. n. s. [written also so and soa ; sae, Scottish ,• saa, Su. Goth.; seau, old Fr.] A large wooden ves- sel wiih hoops for holding water; a cowl. More. SOE'VER, s6-eV-ur. 98. ad. A word properly joined with a pronoun or adverb : as, whosoever, whatso- ever, howsoever. Temple. SOFA, s6 / -fa. 92. n. s. [probably an eastern word.] A splendid seat covered with carpets. Guardian. SOFTS, soil. 163. a. [r-offc, Sax.; soft, Teut.] Not hard. Locke. Not rugged; not rough. St. Matt. Ductile ; not unchangeable of form. Milton. Fa- cile ; flexible ; not resolute ; yielding. K. Charles. Tender ; timorous. Sliak. Mild ; gentle ; kind ; not severe. Shak. Meek ; civil ; complaisant. Shak. Placid; still; easy. Milton. Effeminate; viciously nice. Davies. Delicate ; elegantly tender. Milton. Weak ; simple. Burton. Gentle ; not loud ; not rough. Milton. Smooth; flowing; not vehement ; not rapid. Milton. Not forcible ; not violent. Mil- ton. Mild; not glaring. Brown. $5= When this word is accompanied by emotion, it is sometimes lengthened into sawft, as Mr. Sheridan has marked it; but in other cases such a pronunciation bor- ders on vulgarity. W. SOFT*, soft. ad. Softly ; gently ; quietly. Spenser. SOFT, soft, inter j. Hold ; stop ; not so fast. Shak. To SO'FTEN, s&f-f'n. 472. v. a. To make soft ; to make less hard. Bacon. To intenerate ; to make less fierce or obstinate; to mollify. Milton. To make easy; to compose; to make placid ; to miti- gate; to palliate; to alleviate. Pope. To make less harsh; less vehement; less violent. Dryden. 854 SOL SOL -no, mSve, n6r, not ; — ti\be, tub, bull ; — 6il ; — poind ; — th'm, THi To make less glaring. To make tender} to ener- vate. To SOFTEN, s&f-fn. 103. v. n. To grow less hard. Bacon. To grow less obdurate, cruel, or obstinate. Shakspeare. SOFTENER*. See Softner. SOFTENING* s6f'-fn-ing. n. s. The act of mak- ing less hard, less vehement, or less violent. Aim. Hort. SOFTHE'ARTED*, s&fl'-hart-ed. a. Kind-hearted 5 gentle ; meek. SOFT LING*, soft'-fita. n. s. An effeminate or vi- ciously nice person. Wbollon. SOFTLY, s&ft'-le. ad. Without hardness. Not vio- lently; not forcibly. Bacon. Not loudly. 1 Kings, xx'i. Gently; placidly. Drtjden. Mildly; tender- ly. Dry den. SO'FTNER, s&P-nfir. n. s. That which mokes soft. One who palliates. Swift. SOFTNESS, soft'-nes. ». s. [joptnyrre, Sax.] The quality of being soft; quality contrary to hard- ness. Bacon. Mildness; kindness. Walts. Civili- ty ; gentleness. Holy day. Effeminacy ; vicious delicacy. Bp. Taylor. Timorousness; pusillanim- ity. Bacon. Quality contrary to harshness. Ba- con. Facility; gentleness ; candour ; easiness to be effected. Hooker. Contrariety to energetick vehe- mence. Harte. Mildness ; meekness. Milton. Weakness ; simplicity. SO'GGY*, sog'-ge. a. [soggr, Icel. ; soegen, Welsh.] Moist ; damp ; steaming with damp. B. Jonson. SOHO, s6-h6'. inter}. A form of calling from a dis- tant place; sportsman's halloo. Sliakspeare. To SOIL §, soil. 299. v. a. [T-yhan, Sax. ; sulen, Germ.; souiller, Fr.] To foul; 'to dirt; to pollute ; to stain; to sully. Spenser. To dung; to manure. South. To soil a horse ; to purge him by giving him grass in the spring. Shakspeare. SOIL, s6ll. n. s. Dirt; spot; pollution; foulness. Sliak. [sol, Fr. ; solum, Lat.] Ground; earth, considered .vith lelation to its vegetative qualities. Bacon. Land ; country. Sliak. Dung ; compost. Addison. — To take soil. To run into the water, as a deer when closely pursued. B. Jonson. SOI'LINESS, soil'-e-nes. n.s. Slain ; foulness. *- con. SOI'LURE, sdil'-yire. 113. n.s. Stain; pollution. Sliakspeare. To SOJOURN?, s6'-jurn. 314. v.n. [sojourner, Fr.; seggiornare, Ital.] To dwell anywhere for a time; to live as not at home; to inhabit as not in a settled habitation. Sliakspeare. Almost out of use. §^r This verb and noun, as may be seen in Johnson, are variously accented by the poets ; but oar modern or- thoepi3ts have, in general, given the accent to the first syllable of both words. Dr. Kenrick, Perry, Entick, and Buchanan, accent the second syllable; but Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Ash, Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, Bailey, Barclay, and Fenning, the first. Mr. Scott gives both accents, but that on the first syllable the first place. TV. SOJOURN, s6'-jfirn. n. s. [sejour, Fr.] A tempo- rary residence ; a casual and no settled habitation. Sliakspeare. SOJOURNER, so'-jurn-ur. n. s. A temporary dweller. 1 Chron. xxix. SOJOURNING*, s6'-jurn-?ng. n. s. The act of dwelling any where but for a time. Exodus, xii. SOL*, sol. n. s. The name of one of the musical notes in sol-faing. ^ See To Sol-fa. To SOL-FA*, sol'-fa'. v. n. To pronounce the sever- al notes of a song by the terms of a gamut, ut, re, mi, fa, sol ; and in learning to sing. A. Smith. To SOLACED, sol'-las. 91, 544. v. a. [solacier, old Fr. ; solazzare, Ital. ; solatium, Lat.] To comfort ; to cheer ; to amuse. Milton. To SOLACE, sol'-las. v. n. To take comfort; to be recreated. Slutlcspeare. Ob. J. SO'LACE, sol'-las. n.s. [solas, old Fr.] Comfort; pleasure ; alleviation ; that which gives comfort or pleasure ; recreation ; amusement. Spenser. SOLA'CIOUS*, so-la'-shus. a. [solucieux, old Fr.] Affording comfort, recreation, or amusement. Bale. SCLAND-GOOSE* See Solund-goose. SOLA'NDER, s6-lan'-dur. n.s. [soulanilres, Fr.] A disease in horses. Vict. SO'LAR, s6'-lar. 544. )a. [soiaire, Fr.; Solaris, Lat.] SO'LARY, s6'-lar-e. \ Bein g' of tlie sun - Bm Jh- Belonging to the sun. Bacon. Born under or in the predominant influence of the sun. Dry den. Measured by the sun. Holder. SO'LAR*. See Sollar. SOLD, sold. The preterit and part. pass, of sell. SOLD, sold. n. s. [sould, old Fr.] Military pay ; warlike entertainment Spenser. SO'LDAN, s6l'-dan. n. s. [souldan, old Fr. ; from the Arab.] The emperour of the Turks. Milton. SOLDANEL, sol'-da-nel. n. s. [soldanella, Lat.] A plant. Miller. To SO'LDER$,sol'-d5r. [s6l'-d5r, Jones ; s6l'-dur, Fulton and Knight.'] v. a. [souder, Fr. ; soldare, Ital. ; solidare, Lat. See Soder.] To unite or fast- en with any kind oi metallick cement. Newton. To mend ; to unite an}' thing broken. Hooker. $5" Dr. Johnson seems to favour writing this word with out the I, as it is sometimes pronounced ; but the many examples he has brought, where it is spelt with Z, show sufficiently how much this orthography is established. It is highly probable, that omitting the sound of Z, in this word, began with mechanicks ; and, as the word has been lately little used, except in mechanical opera- tions, this pronunciation has crept into our dictionaries, but ought not to be extended to the libera) and meta- phorical use of the word. It is derived from the Latin solidare, the Italian soldare, or the French souder: and, when other things are equal, Dr. Johnson's rule of deriving words rather from the French than the Latin is certainly a good one, but ought not to overturn a set- tled orthography, which has a more original language than the French in its favour. Though our orthoepists agree in leaving out the Z, they differ in pronouncing the o. Sheridan sounds the o as in stpd ; W. Johnston as in sober ; and Mr. Nares as the diphthong aw. Mr. Smith says that Mr. Walker pronounces the Z in this word, but every workman pronounces it as rhyming with fodder .- to which it may be answered, that work- men ought to take their pronunciation from scholars, and not scholars from workmen. — See Cleff. W. SOLDER, sol'-dfir. n. s. Metallick cement. Swift. SO'LDERER, sol'-ddr-ur. n. s. One that solders or mends. SO'LDIERy, s6l'-jur. 293, 376. n. s. [soldat, Fr.; soldoier, soudoyer, sodier, old Fr.] A fighting man ; a warriour. Sliak. It is generally used of the common men, as distinct from the commanders. Spenser. ftCf No orthoepist, except W. Johnston, leaves out the I in this word; but I have frequently had occasion to dif- fer from this gentleman, and in this 1 do devoutly. W. SOLDIERESS*, sol'-jfir-es. n. s. A female warri- our. Beaumont and Fletcher. SO'LDIERLIKE, so!'-jur-llke. ) a. Martial ; war- SOLpiERLY,s6l'-j5r-le. 404. \ like; military; be- coming a soldier. Sidney. SOLDIERSHIP, s6l'-jur-sh?p. 404. n. s. Military character; martial qualities ; behaviour becoming a soldier; martial skill. Shakspeare. SO'LDIERY, sol'-jur-e. n. s. Body of military men ; soldiers, collectively. Phillips. Soldiership ; mili- tary service. Sidney. SOLE§, s6le. n.s. [solum, Lat.] The bottom of the foot. Sliak. The foot. Spenser, [solea, Lat.; j*ol, Sax.] The bottom of the shoe. Sliak. The part of any thing that touches the ground. Moxon. A kind of sea-fish, [sometimes improperly written soal.] Careio. To SOLE, sole. v. a. To furnish with soles : as, to sole a pair of shoes. Grew. SOLE §, s6le. a. [sol, old Fr. ; solus, Lat.] Single ; onlv. Hooker. [In law.] Not married. Ayliffe. SO'L"ECISM§, s6l'-e-skm. 503. n.s. [coloacieubi.] Unfitness of one word to another ; impropriety ia language. A barbarism may be in one word, a solecism must be of more. Addison. Any unfitness or impropriety. B. Jonson. 353 SOL SOL IE? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, m^t;— pine, pin:- SO'LECIST*, s6l'-e-s?st. n. s. [™Ao t *«m, ? .] One who is guilty of impropriety in language. Blackwall. SOLECFSTICAL*. sol-e-slst'-e-kal. a. Not correct; barbarous. Blackwall. SOLECFSTICALLY*, s6l-e-s?st'-e-kal-e. ad. In an incorrect way. Wollastan. To SOLECIZE* s6l'-e-sJze. v. n. [co^k'^w.] To be guilty of impropriety in language. More. SOLELY, s6le'-le. [See Wholly.] ad. Singly; on- ly. Sliakspeare. SOLEMN §, sol'-e'm. 41 1. a. [solemnel, Fr. ; solemnis, Lat.] Anniversary ; observed once a year with re- ligious ceremonies. Stillingfeet. Religiously grave; awful. Milton: Formal ; ritual ; religiously regular. Whole Duty of Man. Striking with seriousness ; sober; serious. Spenser. Grave; affectedly seri- ous. Swift. SOLEMNESS, s&l'-lem-nes. )n.s. [solemnity, Fr.] SOLEMNITY, sd-lem'-ne-te. $ Ceremony or rite annual 1}' performed. Nelson. Religious ceremony. Brown. Awful ceremony or procession. Shak. Manner of acting awfully serious. Sidney. Gravi- ty ; steady seriousness. Addison. Awful grandeur ; giave stateliness; sober dignity. Wotton. Affected gravitv. Shakspeare. SOLEMNIZATION, sol-lem-ne-za'-shun. n.s. The act of solemnizing; celebration. Bacon. To SOLEMNIZE, sol'-lfm-nize. v. a. [solemniser, Fr.] To dignify by particular formalities; to cele- brate. Sidney. To perform religiously once a } r ear. Hooker. SO'LEMNLY, sol'-lem-le. ad. With annual religious ceremonies. With formal gravity and stateliness ; with affected gravity. .Bacon. With formal state. Slmk. With religious seriousness. Swift. SOLENESS*, s&e'-nes. ; n. s. State of being not SOLESHIP*, s6le'-sh!p. ) connected or implicated with others; single state. SirE. Bering. To SOLFCIT §, so-lis'-sit. [See Obedience.] v. a. {sqlicilo, Lat. \ soliciter, Fi\] To importune ; to en- treat. Shak. To call to action ; to summon ; to awake; to excite. Sliak. To implore; to ask. Sid- ney. To attempt ; to try to obtain. Beaumont and Fletcher. To disturb; to disquiet. Milton. SOLICIT A'TION, s6-lls-e-ta / -sh&n. n. s. [Fr.] Im- portunity; act of importuning. Milton. Livitation; excitement. Locke. SOLICITOR, s6-hV-n-ur. 166. n. s. [soliciteur, Fr.] One who importunes, or entreats. Martin. One who petitions for another. Shak. One who does in chancery the business which is done by attor- neys in other courts. Bacon. SOLFCITOUS §, s6-hY-s?t-us. 314. a. [solicitus, Lat.] Anxious; careful; concerned. Bp. Taylor. SOLFCITOUSLY, s6-lis'-sit-us-le. ad. Anxiously; • carefully. SOLFCITRESS, s6-]?s'-ft-tres. n. s. A woman who petitions for another. Dryden. SOLICITUDE, s6-l?s'-se-tude. n.s. [Fr. ;solicitudo, Lat.'] Anxietv ; carefulness. Raleigh. SOLID $. soY'-id. a. [solidus, hat. ; solide, Fr.] Not liquid ; not fluid. Milton. Not hollow ; full of mat- ter ; compact ; dense. Cowley. Having all the geo- metrical dimensions. Arbuthnot. Strong ; firm. Addison. Sound; not weakly. Watts. Real; not empty ; true ; not fallacious. Hammond. Not light ; not superficial; grave; profound. Dryden. SO'LID, sol'-M. 514. n. s. The part containing the fluids, Arbuthnot. To SO'LID ATE*, sol'-e-date. v. a. [solido, Lat.] To make firm or solid. Cowley. SOLIDITY, s6-lid'-e-te. n. s. [solidite, Fr. ; solidi- tas. Lat.] Fulness of matter; not hollowuess. Firm- ness; hardness; compactness; density; not fluidity. Locke. Truth ; not fallaciousness ; intellectual strength ; certainty. Addison. SOLIDLY, sol'-lld-le. ad. Firmly; densely; com- pactly. Truly ; on good grounds. Digby. SOL1DNESS, s&l'-lld-nes. n.s. Solidity ; firmness ; densitv. Bacon. SOLID U'NGULOUS, sol-c-dun'-gu-lus. a. [solidus and ungula, Lat.] Whole-hoofed. Brown. SOLIFFDIAN4, s6-le-ffd'-e-an. n.s. [solus and fdes, Lat.] One who supposes only faith, not works, necessary to justification. Hammond. SOLIFFDIAN*, so-le-fid'-e-an. a. Professing the tenets of a Solifidian. Feltham. SOLIFI'DIANISM* so-le-fid'-e-an-W n. s. The tenets of Solifidians. Bp. Bull. To SOLILOQUIZE*, sc-HlMo-kwlze. v. n. To ut- ter a soliloquy. SOLILOQUY §, sd-tfl'-lo-kwe. n.s. [soliloque, Fr. ; solus and loquor, Lat.] A discourse made by one in solitude to himself. Prior. SOLIPEDE. sol'-e-pede. n. s. [solus and pedes, Lat.] An animal whose feel are not cloven. Brown. SOLITATRE, sol-le-uW. n.s. [Fr.] A recluse ; a hermit. Pope. An ornament for the neck. Shen~ stone. SOLITATJAN* sol-le-ta'-re-an. n. s. A hermit ; a solitary. Sir R. Twisclcn. SOLITARILY, solMe-ta-re-le. ad. In solitude; with loneliness; without companv. Hooker. SOLITARINESS, soi'-ie-ta-reMies. n.s. Solitude ; forbearance of company; habitual retirement. Sid- ney. SOLITARY §, s6lMe-ta-re. a. [solitaire, Fr. ; solita- rius, LatJ Living alone; not having company. Milton. Retired ; remote from company ; done or passed without company. Shakspeare. Gloomy ; dismal. Job. Single. King Charles. SOLITARY, sol'-le-ta-re. n. s. One that lives alone ; a hermit. Pope. SOLITUDE. solMe-lude. n. s. [solitude, Fr. ; soli- tudo, Lat.] Lonely life ; state of being alone. Ba- con. Loneliness ; remoteness from company. Law. A lonely place ; a desert. Pope. SOLFVAGANT^so-hV-a-gant. a. [solivagus, Lat] Wandering about alone. Granger. SOLLAR, sol'-lar. n. s. [solarium, low Lat. ; sollier, old Fr.] An upper room ; a loft ; a garret. Tusser. SOLMISA'TION*, sol-me-za'-shun. n. s. [from the musical terms sol mi.] A kind of sol-faing. Dr. Burney. SOLO, so'-lo. n.s. [Ital.] A tune played by a single instrument ; an air sung by a single voice. Tathr. SOLOMON'S Loaf. n. s. A plant. SALOMON'S Seal. n.s. A plant. SOLSTICE^ s&l'-stls. 140. n. s. [solstice, Fr. ; sol* stitium, Lat.] The point beyond which the sun does not go ; the tropical point; the point at which the day is longest in summer, or shortest in winter- It is taken of itself commonly for the summer sol- stice. Brown. SOLSTFTIAL, sol-stish'-al. a. [solslicial, Fr.] Be- longing to the solstice. Brown. Happening at the solstice, or at midsummer. Milton. SOLUBLE, soF-u-bl. 405. a. [solubilis, Lat.] Capa- ble of dissolution or separation of parts. Arbuthnot. Producing laxity ; relaxing. SOLUBILITY, sol-u-bll'-e-te. n. s. Susceptiveness of separation of parts. Glanxille. SOLUND-GOOSE, s6-lund-g3Sse'. n.s. A fowL Soland-gaase is the usual name. Grew. SOLUTION, sc-lu'-slum. n. s. [Fr. ; soluiio, Lat.] Disruption ; breach ; disjunction ; separation. Ba- con. Matter dissolved ;' that which contains any thing dissolved. Arbuthnot. Resolution of a doubt ; removal of an intellectual difficulty. Milton. Re- lease ; deliverance ; discharge. Barrow. SO'LUTIVE, soK-u-tlv. 157, 512. a. [solutif, Fr.] Laxative ; causing relaxation. Bacon. SOLVABLE*, sol'-va-bl. a. [Fr.] Possible to be cleared by inquiry or reason; capable of being paid. H. Tooke. To SOLVER solv. v.a. [solvo, Lat.] To clear ; to explain ; to untie an intellectual knot. Milton. SOLVENCY, sol'-ven-se. n.s. Ability to pay, Burke. SOLVENTS, s6l'-vent. a. [solvens, Lat.] Having the power to cause dissolution. Boyle. Able to pay debls contracted. SOLVER*, sol'-vtir. n.s. Whoever or whatever ex- plains or clears. V 856 SON SOO -n6, mO-ve, n6r, n6t; — tube, tub, bull ;— oil ; — pound; — th'm, THis. SO'LVIBLE, sol'-ve-bl. 405. a. Possible to be clear- ed bv reason or inquiry. Hale. SOMA'TICAL $*, s6-mat / -e-kal. ) a. IWan^j.] SOMA'TICK§*, s6-mat'-ik. \ Corporeal ; be- longing to the body. Scott. SO'MATIST*, so'-ma-tlst. n s. |>a^«.] One who de- nies all spiritual substances Glauviue. S03IATOLOGY, s6-ma-t61'-6-je. n. s. [a^a and Xfyw.] The doctrine of bodies. SOMBRE*, som'-bfir. ) a. [sombre, Fr.] Dark : SO'MBROUS*, som'-brds. \ gloomy. Grainger. Wurbwton. — Sombre should not be used. Todd. SOME. A termination of many adjectives, which denote quality or property of any thing - . It is gen- erally joined with a substantive : as, gamesome, [saam, DutcL] SOME §, sum. 165. a. [yom, rum, Sax.] More or less, noting an indeterminate quantity. Raleigh. More or fewer, noting an indeterminate number. Genesis, xxiii. Certain persons. Daniel. Some is opposed to some, or to others. Spenser. It is added 10 a number, to show that the number is uncertain and conjectural : as, some eight leagues to the westward. One ; anv, without determining which. Milton. SO'MEBOD Y, sum'-bod-e. n. s. One ; not nobody ; a person indiscriminate and undetermined. St. Luke, viii. A person of consideration. Acts. SOMEDEAL, sfim'-deel. ad. [rumbeal, Sax.] In some decree. Spejiser. Ob. J. SO'MEHOW, sum'-hM. ad. One way or other. Cheune. SO'MERSAULT, sum'-mur-salt. )n. s. [sombre- SO'MERSET, sQm'-mur-set. $ saidt, Fr. ; so- prasalto, Ital.] A leap by which a jumper throws himself from a height, and turns over his head. Donne. SO'METHING, sum'-Z/Jng. 410. n. s. [rumSm£, Sax.] A thing existing, though it appears not what; a thing or matter indeterminate. Prior. More or less ; not nothing. Milton. A thing want- ing a fixed denomination. Harte. Part. Watts. Distance not great. Shakspeare. SOMETHING, sum'-tfimg. ad. In some degree. Temrle. SOMETIME, sum'-dme. ad. Once; formerly. Shak. At one time or other hereafter. SO'METIMES, sum / -tlmz. ad. Not never; now and then ; at one time or other. Bp. Taylor. At one time : opposed to sometimes, or to another time. Ba- con. SO'MEWHAT, sum'-hw6t. 475. n. s. Something; not nothing, though it be uncertain what. Drydern. More or less. Hooker. Part, greater or less. Dry- den. SO'MEWHAT, sum'-hwot. ad. In some degree. I Chapman. SO'MEWHERE, sum'-hware. ad. In one place or other ; not nowhere. Denham. SO'MEWHILE,sum'-hwile.ahpyle, Sax.] Once ; for a time. Spejtser. Ob. J. SOMNA'MBULIST*, som-iiam'-bu-list. n. s. [som- nus and ambulo, Lat.] One who walks in his sleep. Bp. Porteus. SO'MNER*, sum'-nfir. n. s. One who cites or sum- mons. Const, and Canons Eccles. See Summon- er. SOMNFFEROUS, s&m-n?f-fer-us. a. [somnifere, Fr. ; somnifer, Lat.] Causing sleep ; procuring sleep ; soporiferous ; dormitive. Burton. SOMNPFICK, s6m-nif-flk. 509. a. [somnus and/a- cio, Lat.l Causing sleep. SOMNOLENCE K som'-n6-lense. )n. s. [somno- SOMNOLENCYj, som'-no-len-se. \ lentia, Lat.] Sleepiness ; inclination to sleep. Gower. SO'MNOLENT*, s6m'-n6-lent. a. [somnolentia, Lat.] Sleepy ; drowsy. Bullokar. SON §, sun. 165. n. s. [runa, Sax. ; sohn, Germ. ; son, Swedish ; sone, Dutch.] A male born of one or begotten by one ; correlative to father or mother. Sliak. Descendant, however distant : as, the sons of Adam. Is, xix. Compellation of an old to a young man, or of a confessor to his penitent. Sliak. Native of a country. Pope. The second person of the Trinity. St. Malt, xxvii. Product cf any thing. Brown. [In Scripture.] Sons of pride, and sons of light, denoting some quality. Milton. SON-IN-LAW, s&n'-m-law. n. s. One married to one's daughter. Shakspeare. SON A' T A, so-na/-ta. n. s, [Ital.] A tune. Addison. SONG $, song. 408, 409. n. s. [ron£, Sax.] Any thing modulated in the utterance. Mi/ion. A po- em to be modulated by the voice ; a ballad. Shak. A poem ; lay ; strain. Dryde.n. Poetry ; poesy. Milton. Notes of birds. Dnjden. — An old song. A trifle. More. SO'NGISH, song'-Ish. a. Containing songs; consist- ing of songs. Dryden. SONGSTER, soug'-stfir. 98. n. s. A singer. How- ell. SONGSTRESS, song'-stres. n. s. A female singer. Thoinson. SONPFEROUS, s6-nlf-fer-us. a. [sonus and fero, Lat.] Giving or bringing sound. Derham. SO'NNET§, son' -net. 99. n. s. [sonnet, Fr.; sonneito, Ital.] A short poem consisting of fourteen lines, of which the rhymes are adjusted by a particular rule. Milton. A small poem. Sliakspeare. To SONNET*, son'- net. v. n. To compose sonnets Bp. Hall. Ob. T. SONNETTE'ER, son-n&-teer / . ) SONNETER*, son'-n£t-ur. ( n m SO'NNETIST*, son'-net-lst. ( n ' *' SO'NNETWRITER*, son'-net-rl-tur. ) [sonnetier, Fr J A small poet, in contempt. Shak. SONORI'FICK, son-6-rif -flk. 509. a. Jsonorus and facio, Lat.] Producing sound. Watts. SONO'ROLS§, s6-n6'-rfis. 512. a. [sonoreux, Fr. ; sonorus, Lat.] Loud-sounding; giving loud or shriJ. sound. Milton. High-sounding; magnificent of sound. Addison. SONO ROUSLY, s6-n6'-rus-ly.arf. With high sound ; with magnificence of sound. SONOROUSNESS, s6-n6'-rus-ngs. n. s. The quali- ty of giving sound. Boyle. Magnificence of sound. SO'NSHIP, sQn'-shlp. n. s. Filiation ; the character of a son. Decay of Christian Piety. SCON$, s5on. 306. ad. [suns, Goth.; rona, Sax. ; saen, Dut ] Before long time be past ; shortly after any time assigned or supposed. Milton. Early ; before any time supposed : opposed to late. Ex. ii. Readily ;" willingly. Addison. It has the significa- tion of an adjective ; speedy, quick. Sidney. — Soon as. Immediately ; at the very time. Ex. xxxii. SOO'NLY, sOOa'-le. ad. Quickly ; speedily. More. SOO'PBERRY. s6op'-ber-re. n s. A plant. Miller. SOOT§, s66t. 309. [sut, Jones, Fulton and Knight , sut, Sheridan. &c] n. s. [rofc, poor, Sax.; soot, Icel.] Condensed or imbodied smoke. Bacon. {£?= Notwithstanding I have Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Xares, Dr. Kenrick, W.Johnston, Mr. Perry, and the professors of the Black Art themselves, against me in the pronuncia- tion of this word. I have ventured to prefer the regular pronunciation to the irregular. The adjective sooty has its regular sound among the correctest speakers, which has induced Mr. Sheridan to mark it so; but nothing can be more absurd than to pronounce the substantive in one manner, and the adjective, derived from it by adding y, in another. The other orthoepists, therefore, who pronounce both these words with the 00 like «, are more consistent than Mr. Sheridan, though, upon the whole, not so right. W. SOOTE*, or SOTE* a. Sweet. See Sweet Oh. T. SOOTED, sS6t'-§d. a. Smeared, manured, or cov- ered with soot. Mortimer. SOO'TERKIN, s56'-ter-km. n. s. A kind of false birth fabled to be produced by the Dutch womea from sitting over their stoves. Swift. SOOTH §, sooth. 467. n. s. [poo", Sax.] Truth ; re- alit}'. Shak. Prognostication. Spenser. Sweet- ness ; kindness. Shakspeare. Ob. J. SOOTH, sootli. 467. a. [ r o&\ Sax.] True ; faiihfii, . that may be relied on. Shakspeare. 857 SOR SOR 03= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pm u. w. To predict ; to > n.s. [roft-raga, toff. S Sax.] True Prediction To SOOTHES, sooth. 467. u.a. [fte-roSian, Sax. This word is better written with the final e, to dis- tinguish it from sooth.] To flatter 5 to please with blandishments. Sliak. To calm; to soften; to mollify. Dryden. To gratify; to please. Dryden. SOOTHER, sS&TH'-ur. n. s. A flatterer ; one who gains by blandishments. Shakspeare. SOOTHINGLY*, s65xH'-?ng-le. ad. With blan- dishments; with flattery. Slvelion. SOO'TKLY*, Mth'Ah.ad. [ r o$lice,Sax.] In truth; really. Hales. To SOOTHSAY, soStfi'-sa foretell. Acts, xvi. SOOTHSAY*, sffith'-sh. SOOTHSAYING*, sSS^'-s; saying; veracity. Chaucer. SOOTHSAYER, soM'-sa-ur. n. s. A foreteller ; a predicter ; a prognosticator. Sidney. SOOTINESS, sSSt'-e-nes. n. s. The quality of being sooty; fuliginousness. SOOTY, soo'-te. a. [rofci$, Sax.] Breeding soot. Milton. Consisting of soot; fuliginous. Wilkins. Black ; dark ; dusky. P. Fletcher. To SOOTY, sSo'-te. v. a. To make black with soot. Chapman. SOP §, s6p. n. s. [rop, Sax. ; soppe, Teut. ; suppe, Germ.] Any thing steeped in liquor ; commonly to be eaten. Bacon. Any thing given to pacify, from the sop given to Cerberus. Dryden. To SOP, s6p. v. a. To steep in liquor. SOP-m- Wine*, n. s. A kind of pink. Spenser. SOPE, s6pe. n. s. See Soap. SOPH, sof. n.s. [sophista, Lat.] A young man who has been two years at the university. Pope. SO'PHI, si'-fe. n. s. [Persian.] The emperour of Per- sia. Shakspeare. SOTHICAL*, sof-fe-kal. a. [ooz. n.s. [Lat.] Foulness; dregs Woodward. SO'RDET, s6r-det'. ) n. s. [sourdine, Fr. ; sordina, SO'RDINE, s6r-deen'. \ Hal.] A small pipe put into the mouth of a trumpet to make it sound lower or shriller. Bailey. SO'RDID^, sor'-dld. a. [sordide,Fr. ; sordidus, Lat.] Foul; gross; filthy; dirty. Bp.Hall. Intellectu- ally dirty ; mean ; vile ; base. Cowley. Covetous niggardly. Dmliam. SO'RDIDLY, s6r'-did-le. ad. Meanly; poorly ; cov etously. SO'RDJDNESS, sSr'-dld-nes. n. s. Meanness ; base- ness. Cowley. Nastiness ; not neatness. Ray. SORE §, s6re. n. s. [rap, Sax. ; saur, Dan.] A place tender and painful ; a place excoriated ; an ulcer Shakspeare. SORE, sore. a. [rap, Sax. ; sar, Goth.] Tender t© the touch. Hudibras. Tender in the mind ; easily vexed. Tillotson. Violent with pain; afflictively vehement. Common Prayer. Criminal. Shak. SORE, sore. ad. [ser or sehr, Germ. ; seer, Teut.] Intensely ; in a great degree. Gower. With pain- ful or dangerous vehemence ; a very painful de- gree ; with afflictive violence or pertinacity. Spens To SORE*, s6re. v. a. To wound; to make sore. Spenser. SORE, sore. n. s. [sor-falcon, Fr.] A hawk of the first year. Spenser, [saur, Fr.] A buck of the fourth year. Return f ram Parnassus. SO'REHON. I n. s. [Irish and Scottish.] A kind of SORN $ servile tenure, formerly in Scot- land, as likewise in Ireland. Whenever a chief- taxn had a mind to revel, he came down among the tenants with his followers, and lived on free quar- ters; so that when a person obtrudes himself upon another, for bed and board, he is said to sorn, or be a sorner. Macbean. SO'REL*, or SORREL*, sSr'-rll. a. [saur, Fr.] Reddish ; inclining to a red colour : as, a sorrel, horse. Cotgrave. SO'REL.si'-rfl. 99. )n.s. [dimin. of sore; from saur, SO'RREL*, sor'-rll. S Fr.] A buck of the third year See Sore. A Christian turned Turk. SO'RELY, s6re'-le. ad. With a great degree of pain or distress. Shak. With vehemence dangerous or afflictive. Shakspeare. SO'RENESS, s6re ; -nes. n. s. Tenderness of a hurt Decay of Chr. Piety. SORITES, so-ri'-tez. 433. n.s. [cupeiTijg.'] Properly, a heap. An argument where one proposition is accumulated on another. Watts. SORO'RICIDE, s6-ror'-re-slde. 143. n.s. [soror and cazdo, LatJ The murder of a sister. SO'RRAGE, sor'-rldje. n. s. The blades of green wheat or barley. Diet. SO'RRANCE, sor'-ranse. n. s. Any disease or sore in horses. Diet. SO'RREL, sor'-rfl. 99. n.s. [rupe, Sax. ; sarel, Fr.] A plant having an acid taste. Miller. y 858 SOT SOU — n6, move, n6r, not ; — tube, tab, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — thm, mis. SORREL*. See Sorel. SORRILY, sdr'-re-le. ad. [from sorry.) Meanly j Eoorlyj despicably; wretchedly; pitiably. Be/tt- •y. SORRINESS, sor'-re-nes. n. .. n. [perhaps a corruption of To souse, from the Fr. sous, down.] To sit lazily on a chair ; to fall at once into a chair. Swift. SOSS*, sos. n. s. A lazy fellow ; a lusk. Colgrave. SOTS, sot. n. s. [|*ofc, Norm.; yofc-ycipe, Sax.; sot, Fr. ; sot, TeuL] A blockhead ; a dull, ignorant, stupid fellow; a dolt. Shak. A wretch stupified by drinking. Roscommon. To SOT, s6t, v. a. To stupify ; to besot ; to infatuate. Cliaucer. To SOT, s6t. v. n. To tipple to stupidity. SOTTISH, sot'-tish.a. Dull; stuDid ; senseless; m fatuate ; doltish. Shak. Dull witn intemperance. SOTT1SHLY, sdt'-tish-le. ad. Stupidly; dully j senselessly. Hayward. SOTTISHNESS, sot'-tlsh-nes. n. s. Dulness; stu pidily; insensibility. Holy day. Drunken stupidi- ty. South. SOUCE. n. s. See Souse. SOUCHO'NG*, [sdu-tsh&ng', Walker: sS6-sh6ng', Perry.] n. s. A kind of tea. To SOUGH*, v. n. [soeffen, Teut.] To whistle : ap plied to the wind. Hist, of the Royal Society. SOUGH, sof. n. s. A subterraneous drain. Ray. SOUGHT, sawt. 319. The pret. and participle pass. of seek. Is. lxv. SOULS, sole. 318. n. s. [yaul, Sax.; saal, Icel.; seele, Germ.] The immaterial and immortal spirit of man. Hooker. Intellectual principle. Milton.. Vital principle. Milton. Spirit; essence; quint- essence ; principal part. Milton. Interiour power. Sliak. A familiar appellation expressing the qual- ities of the mind. Shak. Human being. Addison. Active power. Dryden. Spirit ; fire ; grandeur of mind. Young. Intelligent being in general. Milton. To SOUL*, sole. v. a. To endue with a soul. Chau- cer. To SOUL*, or SOWL*. v.n. frupl, Sax.] To afford suitable sustenance. Warner. SOUL-BELL*, sole'-bel. n. s. The passing bell. Bp. Hall. Ob. T. SOUL-DISE'ASED*, sile'-diz-ezd'. a. Diseased in mind ; soul-sick, Spenser. SO ULDIER. See Soldier. SOTJLED, s6ld. 359. a. Furnished with mind. Dry- den. SOOJLLESS, sole'-les. a. [y-aul-lea]*, Sax.] With- out soul ; without life. Sir E. Sandys. Mean ; low; spiritless. Shakspeare. SOUL-SHOT, sole'-shot. n. s. Something paid for a soul's requiem among the Romanists. Aylijje. SOUL-SICK*, sole'-s?k. a. Diseased in mind : a forcible expression. Bp. Hall. SOUNDS, sSund. 313. a. [pint), Sax.] Healthy: hearty ; not morbid ; not diseased ; not hurt. Luke, xv. Right ; not erroneous ; orthodox. Ps. cxix. Stout; strong; lusty. Abbot. Valid; not failing. Spenser. Fast; hearty. It is applied to sleep. Milton. SOUND, s5und. ad. Soundly; heartily; completely fast. Spenser. SOUND S, sdfind. n. s. [sund, High Dutch.] A shal- low sea, such as may be sounded. Camden. SOUND, sound, n. s. [sonde, Fr.] A probe ; an in- strument used by chirurgeons to feel what is out of reach of the fingers. Sharp. To SOUND, s6und. v. a. [sondan, Alem.] To search with a plummet ; to try depth. Hooker. To try } to examine. Shakspeare. To SOUND, sound, v. n. To try with the sounding- line. Acts, xxvii. SOUND, s6und. n. s. The cuttle-fish. Ainswr^th. SOUND S, sound, n.s. [son, Fr. ; sonus, Lat.] Any thing audible} a noise ; that which is perceived by the ear. Spenser. Mere empty noise, opposed to meaning. Locke. To SOUND, s6und. v. n. To make a noise; to emit a noise. Milton. To exhibit by sound, or likeness of sound. Shak. To be conveyed in sound. 1 Thess. i. To SOUND, s6und. v. a. To cause to make a noise to play on. Spenser. To betoken or direct by a sound. Waller. To celebrate by sound. Milton. SOUNDBOARD, sound'-b6rd. n. s. Board which propagates the sound in organs. Bacon. SOUNDING, s&find'-lng. 410. a. Sonorous ; having a magnificent sound. Dryden. SOUNDING* s6und / -ing. n. s. [from To sound, to try depth.] Act of trying the depth of the water with a plummet, [from sound, a noise.] Act of emit- ting a sound ; the sound emitted. Ezek. vii. SOUNDLESS*, sdund'-les. a. Too deep to be reach 859 sou sow £? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pm ;— ed by the plummet; not to be fathomed. Shak. Without sound. Sliakspeare. SO'UNDLY, s6undMe. ad. Healthily 3 heartily. Lustily j stoutly} strongly. Sliak. Truly; right- ly. Hooker. last; closely : it is used of sleeping. Locke. SOUNDNESS, sSund'-nes. n. s. Health; hearti- ness. Shak. Truth; rectitude; incorrupt state. Hooker. Strength; solidity. Hooker. To SOUP §*, sS6p. v. a. [rupan, Sax.] To sup ; to swallow. Wicliffe. [jpeopan, Sax.] To breathe out ; to draw out. Camden. To SOUP*, s66p. v. n. [jpeopan, Sax.] To sweep ; to pass with pomp. Bp. Hall. SOUP, s6Sp. 315. n.s. [rupan, Sax.] Strong decoc- tion of flesh for the table. Gay. SOURy, s6ur. 313. a. [rup, rupig, Sax.; sur, Welsh.] Acid ; austere ; pungent on the palate with astringency, as vinegar, or unripe fruit. Hos. iv. Harsh of temper; crabbed; peevish; morose; severe. Shak. Afflictive; painful. Sliak. Express- ing discontent. Toiler. SOUR, sSur. n. s. Acid substance. Spenser. To SOUR, s6ur. v. a. To make acid. Decay of Chr. Piety. To make harsh, or unkindly. Mortimer. To make uneasy; to make less pleasing. Sliak. To make discontented. Sliakspeare. To SOUR, sour. v. n. To become acid. Arbuthnot. To grow peevish or crabbed. Addison. SOURCE, s6rse. 318. n.s. {source, Fr.] Spring; fountain; head. Addison. Original; first cause. Milton. First producer. Waller. 55= Some respectable speakers have attempted to give the French sound to the diphthong in this word and its compound resource, as if written soorce and rcsoorce ; but, as this is contrary to analogy, so it is to general usage. Sheridan, Nares, Smith, and W. Johnston, give the same sound to both these words as I have done. Mr. Perry gives the same sound to source, and, as well as I can gues3 from the blindness of the print, to re- source also. Mr. Scott gives both sounds, but seems to prefer the first. Kenrick, only, gives source the sound of soorce, and the diphthong ou in resource the same sound as in hour, town, &c. W. SO'URDET, sSur'-dlt. n. s. [sourd, Fr.] The little pipe of a trumpet. SO'URISH, sour'-ish. a. Somewhat sour. Boyle. SO'URLY, s6ur'-ie. ad. With acidity. With acri- mony. Dryden. Painfully ; discontentedly. Brown. SO'URINESS, sour'-n^s. n.s. Acidity; austereness of taste. Bacon. Asperity ; harshness of temper. Hooker. SO'URSOP, sdur'-sop. n. s. Custard-apple. Miller. SOUS, souse, or s66. 315. n. s. {sol, Fr.] A French penny. $5= The first pronunciation of this word is vulgar; the second is pure French, and, as such, is no more entitled to a place in an English dictionary, than the wordpen- Tty is in a French one. W. SOUSE §, souse. 313. n. s. {soute, Dutch.] Pickle made of salt. Any thing kept parboiled in salt- pickle. Tusser. The ear; most properly that of a hog, from its being frequently pickled or soused. Grose. To SOUSE, souse, v. a. To parboil, or steep in pickle. Shak. To throw into water. A ludicrous sense. Sliakspeare. To SOUSE §, souse, v. n. {so?is, or dessous, Fr.] To fall as a bird on its prey; to fall with violence. Spenser. To SOUSE, souse, v. a. To strike with sudden vio- lence, as a bird strikes his prey. Sliakspeare. SOUSE*, souse, n. s. Violent attack, as of a bird striking his prey. Spenser. SOUSE, souse, ad. With sudden violence. Young. SO'UTER §*, sSu'-tur. n. s. [rutepe, Sax. ; sutor, LatJ A shoemaker ; a cobbler. Chaucer. SO'UTERLY*, sou'-tur-le. a. Like a cobbler; low; vulgar. Florio. *, opposed to north. Bacon. The southern regions of the globe. St. Matt. xii. The wind that blows from the south. Sliakspeare. SOUTH, s6fo/j. 313. a. Southern ; meridional. Job, xxxvii. SOUTH, sdfc/i. ad. Towards the south. Shak. From the south. Bacon. SOUTHEAST, sdM-eest'. n.s. The point between the east and south ; the point of winter sunrise. Bacon. SOUTHERLY, s&TH'-ur-le, or sSuTH'-ur-le. a. Belonging to any of the points denominated from the south; not absolutely southern. Lying towards the south. Brown. Coming from about the south. Sliakspeare. O^T" The diphthong in this and the following word hag fallen into contraction by a sort of technical sea pro- nunciation ; but both of them seem to be recovering their true diphthongal sound, though the latter seema farther advanced towards it than the former. W. SOUTHERN, souTH'-urn, or suTH'-urn. a. [ r u3 epne, Sax.] Belonging to the south ; meridional. Dryden. Lying towards the south. Shak Com- ing from the south. Bacon. SO'UTHERNLY*, sd&TH'-firn-le, or suTH'-urn-Ie. ad. Toward the south. Hakewill. SOUTHERNMOST*, siW-urn-mOst. a. Furthest towards the south. Graves. SO'UTHERNWOOD, suTH'-urn-wud. n.s. [ruo 5 - epnpube, Sax.] A plant. Miller. SO'UTHING, sSuTH'-ing. a. Going towards the south. Dryden. SOUTHING, sd&TH'-fng. n. s. Tendency to the south. Dryden. SO'UTHMOST, s&uth'-mbst. a. Furthest towards the south. Milton. SO UTHSAY, sSiW-sa. 315. n. s. [properly sooth say ; which see.] Prediction. Spenser. To SO'UTHSAY, sMtfi'-sa. v. n. To predict. Cam- den. SO'UTHSAYER, satWi'-sa-ur. n.s. A predicter. SOUTHWARD, soM'-ward, or suTH'-urd. n. s. The southern regions. Raleigh. SOUTHWARD, sofitfi'-ward, or suTH'-urd. ad. To- wards the south. Locke. SOUTHWEST, sSu^-west'. n. s. Point between the south and west ; winter sun-set. Acts, xxvii. SO' UVENANCE, s66'-ve-nanse. n.s. [Fr.] Re membrance ; memory. Spenser. Ob. J. SO'VENANCE*, sSo'-ve-nanse. n.s. Remembrance. Spenser. SOVEREIGN §, suv'-er-ln. 255. a. {souverain, Fr. ; sovrano, Ital.] Supreme in power; having no su- periour. Hooker. Supremely efficacious ; predom- inant over diseases. Hooker. SOVEREIGN, suv'-e^-in. 165. n.s. Supreme lord Shak. Formerly, a gold coin, called also a rose- noble and double rose-noble ; now, a new gold coin, of twenty shillings value. Camden. To SOVEREIGNIZE*, suv'-eY-ln-ize. o. n. To exercise supreme power. Sir T. Herbert. SOVEREIGNLY, s&V-er-m-le. ad. Supremely ; ia the highest degree. Boyle. SOVEREIGNTY, s&v'-er-in-te. n. s. {sourer aineli, Fr.] Supremacy; highest place; supreme power % highest degree of excellence. Sliakspeare. SOWy, sou. 322. 71. s. [yufta, Sax.; sugga, So Goth.] A female pig; the female of a boar. Bacon An oblong mass of lead. Skelton. An insect ; a millepede. Ainsworth. SO'WBREAD, sou'-bred. n. s. A plant. Tate. To SOW §, so. 324. v. n. {saian, M. Goth. ; saa, Su Goth. ; rapan, Sax.] To scatter seed in order to a harvest. Ps. exxvi. To SOW, so. v. a. part. pass. sown. To scatter in the ground in order to growth ; to propagate by seed. Spenser. To spread; to propagate. Prov. vi. To impregnate or stock with seed. Is. xxx To besprinkle. Spenser. To SOW, for seio, s6. v. a. To join by needte work, Milton. 860 SPA SPA — 116, mOve, nor, not ; —tube, t&b, bull —oil ; — pound ; ~thh\, THIS. To SOWCE, sfifise. 323. «. a. To throw into tiie water. L'Etsrange. See To Souse. SOWER, sA'-fir. 98. n. s. [rapere, Sax.] He that sprinkles the seed. St. Malt. xiii. A scatterer. tlakewill. A breeder ; a promoter. Bacon. SO'WINS, sS&Mnz. 323. n. s. Flummery made of oatmeal somewhat soured. Mortimer. To SOWLE, sot'.], v. a. To pull by the ears. Shak. SOWN, s6ne. The participle of sow. Heijlin. SO' WTHISTLE, s6u 7 -i/u's-sl. 472. n. s. A weed. Bacon. SOY*, s6e. n. s. A kind of sauce : a considerable ^ article of commerce in Japan. Thunberg. SPAAD, spade, n. s. A kind of mineral. Wood- xoard. SPACE §, spase. n. s. [spatiinn, Lat.l Room ; local extension. Locke. Any quantity of place. Shak. Quantity of time. Hammond. A small time ; a while. Spenser. To SPACE*, spase. v. n. [spatior, Lat.] To rove; to spatiate. Spenser. SPA'CEFUL*, spase'-f&l. a. Extensive ; wide. San- dys. Ob. T. ' SPA'CIOUS §, spa'-shus. 357. a. [spacieux, Fr. ; spa- tinsus, Lat.] Wide; extensive; roomy; not nar- row. Hooker. SPA'CIOUS LY, spa'-shfis-le. ad. Extensively. SPA'CIOUSNESS, spa 7 -shus-nes. n. s. Roominess ; wide extension. Hakewill. SPA 7 DDLE, spad 7 -dl. 405. n.s. [diminutive of spade.] A little spade. Mortimer. SPADE §, spa.de. 73. n. s. [ppab, Sax. ; spade, Icel. and Dutch.] The instrument of digging - . Bacon. A deer three years old. Ainsworlh. A suit of cards. SPA'DEBONE, spade'-b6ne. n. s. The shoulder blade. Dratjton. SPADFCEOUS, spa-dlsh'-us. a. [spadiceus, Lat.] Of a light-red colour. Brown. SPADFLLE, spa-dll 7 . n.s. [spadille, or espadille, Fr.] The ace of spades at the game of quadrille. SPAGY 7 RICAL §*, spa-jfV-e-kal. a. [spagy riots, Lat.; cndo) and aytlpui, Gr.] Chvmical. SPAGY 7 R1CK, spa-jlrMk. a. Chymical. SPAGY'RICK* spa-jIrMk. n.s. A chymist. Bp. Hall. SPA'GYRIST, spad'-jfir-ist. n.s. A chymist. Boyle. SPA'HEE*, ) i/ , • ( n. s. [espawhee, Pers.] One SPA'HI*, \ S P- _ne - I of the Turkish cavalry. Letters to Abp. Usher. SPAKE, spkke. The old preterit of speak. Milton. SPALL, sped. n.s. [espaule, Fr.] Shoulder. Spenser. Ob. J. SPALL*, spal. ?i. s. [spiaell, Su. Goth.] A chip. SPALT, spalt. ) n. s. A white, scaly, shining stone, SPELT, sp£lt. ) frequently used to promote the fu- sion of metals. Bailey. SPAN §, span. n.s. [ppan,Sax. ; spanna, Ital.; span, Dutch.] The space from the end of the thumb to the end of the little finger extended ; nine inches. Holder. Any short duration. Shakspeare. To SPAN, span. v. a. [ppannan, Sax; ; spanna, Su. Goth.] To measure by the hand extended. Isaiah, xlviii. To measure. Shakspeare. SPAN, span. The preterit of spin. Drayton. SP A'NCEL*, span'-s?l. n. s. A rope to tie a cow's hinder legs. Grose. To SP A'NCEL*, span'-sll. v. a. To tie the fore or hinder legs of a horse or cow with a rope. Ma/one. SPA'NCOUNTER, span 7 -k6un-tur. ) n. s. [from SPA'NFARTHING, span 7 -far-TH?ng. $ span, coun- ter, and farthing.'] A play at which money is thrown within a span or mark. Shakspeare. SPAN-LONG*, span 7 -l6ng. «. Of the length only of a span. B. Jonson. SPAN-NEW*, span'-nu. a. Quite new. Chaucer. To SPANE, spane. v. a. [spene, Germ.] To wean a child. SPANG §, spang, n.s. [spange, Germ.; spanghe, Teut.] A thin piece of gold, or silver, or other shining materials ; a spangled ornament. Spenser. SPANGLE, spang'-gl. 405. n.s. [sponge, Germ.] A small plate or boss of shining metal. Numb. xxxi. 50. Matlhewe's Translation. Any thing spar- kling and shining. Spenser. TtiSPA'NGLE, spang 7 -?!, v. a. To besprin'ivie with spangles or shining bodies. Shakspeare. SPA 7 N1EL$, span 7 -yel. 113, 281. [span'-yeL Sheri- dan, Jones, Fulton and Knight ; span'-eM, Perry.] n.s. [hispaniohts , Lat.; from H i sjmnioia, where the best breed of this species of dog was.] A dog used for sports in the field, remarkable for sagacity and obedience. Sidney. A low, mean, sneaking fellow. Shakspeare. SPANIEL*, span'-jel. a. Like a spaniel. Shak. To SPANIEL, span'-yel. v.n. To fawn ; to play the spaniel. To SPA'NIEL*, span'-yel v. a. To follow like a spaniel. Toilet. SPA'NISH*, span'-lsh. n. s. The ianguage of Spain. Howell. SPA 7 NISH Broom, n. s. A plant. SPA'NISH Fly. n. s. A venomous fly that shines like gold, and breeds in the tops of ashes, olives, &c. It is used to raise blisters. SPA'NISH Nut. 7i. s. A plant. Miller. To SPANK Lspangk. 408. v. a. To strike with the open hand. Ash. SPA 7 NKER, spangk'-ur. n. s. A small coin. Den- ham. A person that takes long steps with agility : used in some parts of the north : it is also applied to a stout or tall person. SPA'NNER, span' -nur. n. s. The lock of a fusee or carab'ne. Bailey. The fusee itself. Sir J. Bow ring. SPAR, spar. n.s. Marcasite. Woodward. To SPAR §, spar. v. a. [ppappan, Sax. ; sperre7i, Germ.] To shut ; to close ; to bar. Chaucer. SPAR, spar. n. s. [sparre, Teut.] A small beam ; the bar of a gale. Chaucer. To SPAR, spar. v.n. [perhaps from sijerren, Germ.] To fight with prelusive strokes. Prologue to the Dramatist. SPA'RABLE, spar'-a-bl. n. s. [ypapjian, Sax.] Small nails. SPA'RADRAP, spar'-a-drap. n. s. A cerecloth. . Wiseman. SPA 7 RAGE*, spar'-rklje. ) n.s. Asparagus : which SPA'RAGUS*,spar'-a-giis. $ see. Bp. Taylor. To SPARE §, spare, v. a. [ppayiian, Sax.; spaeren. Dut.] To use frugally ; not to-waste ; not to con- sume. Milton. To have unemployed; to save from any particular use. Knolles. To do without ; to lose willingly. Shak. To omit ; to forbear. Milton. To use tenderly ; to forbear ; to treat with pity ; not to afflict ; not to destroy ; to use with mercy. Common Prayer. To grant ; to allow ; to indulge. Roscommon. To forbear to inflict or im pose. Dryden. To SPARE, spare, v. n. To live frugally ; to be parsimonious ; to be not liberal. Shak. To forbear to be scrupulous. Itnolles. To use mercy ; to for- give ; to be tender. Bacon. SPARE, spare, a. [r-ppeji, Sax.] Scanty ; not abun dant; parsimonious; frugal. Carew. Superfluous, unwanted. Spe7iser. Lean; wanting flesh ; maci lent. Shakspeare. Slow. Grose. SPARE, spare, n.s. Parsimony; frugal use; aus bandry. Chapman. Ob. J. SPA/RELY*, spare'-le. ad. Sparingly. Milium. SP A'RENESS*, spare 7 -nes. n. s. [ppsepnepye, Sax.] Stale of being spare ; leanness. Hammond. SPA'RER, spa°rur. 98. n.s. One who avoids ex- pense. Wotton. SPA 7 RERIB, spare 7 -rlb. n. s. Ribs cut away from the body, and having on- them spare or little flesh : as, a sparerib of pork. Brewer. SPARGEFA'CTION, spar-je-fak'-shun. n.s. [spar- go, Lat.] The act of sprinkling. Sivift. SPA'RHAWK*. See Sparrowhawk. SPA 7 RING, spa 7 -ring. 410. a. Scarce ; little. Bacon Scanty; not plentiful. Bacon. Parsimonious; not liberal. Dryden. SPARINGLY, spa 7 -rlng-le. ad. Not abundantly. Sluik. Frugally parsimoniously ; not lavishly * 861 SPA SPE 03= 559.- -Fate, fir, fall, fat;- — me, mSt; — pine p?n;— Hayxcard. With abstinence. Atterbury. Not with great frequency. Dryden. Cautiously 3 tenderly. Bacon. SPA'RINGNESS*, spa'-rlng-ngs. n. s. Parsimony ; want of liberality. Wliole Duty of Man. Caution. Borrow. SPARK§, spark. 78. n. s. [j-peajic, Sax. ; sparke, Dutch.] A small particle of fire, or kindled matter. Hooker. Any thing 1 shining. Locke. Any thing vivid or active. Shak. A lively, showy, splendid, gay man. Dryden. A lover. To SPARK, spark, v.n. To emit particles of fire; to sparkle. Spenser. Ob. J. SPA'RKFUL, spark'-ful. a. Lively; brisk; airy. Camden. Ob. J. SPA'RKISH, spark'-fsh. a. Airy; gay. Walsh. Showy; well-dressed; fine. L' Estrange. SPA'RKLE, spar'-kl. 405. n. s. A spark ; a small particle of fire. Dryden. Any luminous particle. Hooker. Lustre ; Beaumont and Fletcher. 7b SPA'RKLE, spar'-kl. v.n. To emit sparks ; to issue in sparks. Milton. To shine; to glitter. Locke. To emit little bubbles, as liquor in a glass. To SPA'RKLE* spar'-kl. v.a. [spargo, Lat.] To disperse ; to scatter ; to throw about. Sackville. SPARKLER*, spark'-l&r. n. s. One whose eyes sparkle. Addison. SPA'RKLET*, spark'-let. n. s. A small spark. Cotton. SPA'RKLINESS*, spark'-le-neV n. s. Vivacity. Aubrey. Ob. T. SPA'RKLINGLY, spark'-l?ng-le. ad. With vivid and twinkling lustre. Boyle. SPA'RKLINGNESS, spark'-l?ng-ngs. n.s. Vivid and twinkling lustre. Bovle. SPA'RLING*, spar'-ling." n. s. [esperlan, Fr.] A smelt. Cotgrave. SPARROW §, spar'-r6. 87, 327. n. s. [sparwa, Goth. ; rpeappa, Sax.] A small bird. Watts. SPA'RROWGRASS, spar'-r6-gras. n. s. Corrupted from asparagus. King. SPA'RROWHAWK, or Sparhawk, spar'-r6-hawk. n. s. [ypeaphapoc, Sax.] A small kind of hawk. Chaucer. SPARRY, spar'-re. 82. a. Consisting of spar. Wood- ward. To SPARSE*, sparse, v. a. [sparsus, Lat.] To dis- perse. Spenser. Ob. T. SPA'RSEDLY* spars'-gd-le. ad. Scatteringly ; dis- persedly. Evelyn. SPASM '§, spazm. n. s. [spasme, Fr. ; ffirdafia, Gr.] Convulsion ; violent and involuntary contraction of any part. Milton. SPASMOT)ICK, spaz-mod'-lk. 509. a. [spasmodique, Fr.] Convulsive. SPAT, spat. The pret. of spit. St. John, ix. SPAT, spat. n. s. [perhaps from spad, Su. Goth.] The spawn of shell-fish. Woodward. To SPA TIATE, spa'-she-ate. v. n. [spatior. Lat.] To rove ; to range ; to ramble at large. Bacon. To SPATTER §, spat'-tur. 98. v.a. [ rP afc, Sax.] To sprinkle with dirt, or any thing offensive. Ad- dison. To throw out any thing offensive. Shak. To asperse ; lo defame. To SPATTER, spat'-t&r. v.n. To spit; to sput- ter as at any thing nauseous taken into the mouth. Milt cm. SPATTERDASHES, spat'-tar-dash-lz. n.s. {spat- ter and dash.~] Coverings for the legs by which the wet is kept off. SPA'TTLE*, spat'-tl n.s. [vpafcl, Sax.] Spittle. Bah. Ob. T. SPA'TTLING Poppij, spat'-tfng-pop'-pe. n.s. While behen : a plant. Miller. SPA'TULA, spatsh' o-la.461. n. s. [spatlia, spalhula, Lat.] A spattle or slice, used by apothecaries and surgeons in spreading plasters or stirring medicines. Quincy. SPA'VIN §, spav'-fn n. s. [espavent, Fr. ; spavano, Ital.] This disease in horses is a bony excrescence, or crust as hard as a bone, that grows on the inside of the hough. Farrier's Diet. SPA'VINED*, spav'-ind. Goldsmith. Diseased with spavin. SPAW, spaw. 219. n.s. [from Spa, in Germany, a place famous for mineral waters.] A mineral water. To SPAWL §, spawl. v.n. [ r pa?t;lian, Sax.] To throw moisture out of the mouth. Overbury. SPAWL, spawl. 219. n.s. [ rP afcl, Sax.] Spittle; moisture ejected from the mouth. Dryden. SPA'WLING*, spaw'-ling. n.s. Moisture thrown out of the mouth. Congreve. SPAWN §, spawn. 219. n. s. [spene, spenne, Teut. ; spane, old Engl.] The eggs offish or of frogs. Shak. Any product or offspring : in contempt. Roscommon. To SPAWN, spawn, v.a. To produce as fishes do eggs. Shak. To generate ; to bring forth : in con- tempt. Swift. To SPAWN, spawn, v. n. To produce eggs as fish. Brown. To issue ; to proceed : in contempt. Locke, SPA'WNER, spawn'-ur. 98. n. s. The female fish. Walton. \ To SPAY, spa. 220. v.a. [spado, Lat.] To castrate female animals. MoHimer. To SPEAK §, speke. 227. v. n. pret. spake or spoke ; part. pass, spoken, [fpsecan, Sax. ; spreken, Teut.] To utter articulate sounds ; to express thoughts by words. 1 Sam. i. To harangue; to make a speech. Clarendon. To talk for or against; to dispute^ Shak. To discourse ; to make mention. Gen. xix. To give sound. Shak. — To speak with. To ad- dress; to converse with. Sliakspeare. To SPEAK, speke. v. a. To utter with the mouth; to pronounce. Esth. vii. To proclaim; to cele- brate. Shak. To address ; to accost. Ecclus. xiii. To exhibit; to make known. Milton. SPE A'K ABLE, spe'-ka-bl. 405. a. Possible to be spoken. Having the power of speech. Milton. SPEA'KER, spe'-kur. 98. n.s. One that speaks. Bacon. One that speaks in any particular manner. Prior. One that celebrates, proclaims, or men- tions. Shak. The prolocutor of the Commons. Dryden. SPE A'KING*, spe'-kfng. n. s. Discourse ; act of ex- pressing in words. Ephes. iv. SPEAKING Trumpet, spe'-kmg-trump'-ft. 99, 410. n. s. A stentorophonick instrument ; a trumpet by which the voice may be propagated to a great dis- tance. Dryden. SPEAR §, s'pere. 227. n.s. [ppeape, Sax. ; spere, Teut.] A long weapon with a sharp point, used in thrusting or throwing; a lance. Chapman. A lance, generally with prongs, to kill fish. Carew. To SPEAR, spere. v. a. To kill or pierce with a spear. To SPEAR, spere. v. n. To shoot or sprout. Mortimer, SPEA'RGRASS, spere'-gras. n.s. Long, stiff grass. Sliakspeare. SPEA'RMAN, spere'-man. 88. n.s. One who uses a lance in fight ; one who carries a spear : formerly, spearer. Barret. SPEA'RMINT, spere'-mfnt. n.s. A plant ; a species of mint. SPEA'RWORT. spere'- wurt. n.s. An herb. Ainsw. SPECHT*, or SPEIGHT*, n. s. [specht, Teut.] A wood-pecker. Sherwood. SPECIAL §, spesh'-al. 357. a. [Fr. ; specialis, Lat.] Noting a sort or species. Watts. Particular ; pe- culiar. Sidney. Appropriate; designed for a par- ticular puipose. Daries. Extraordinary ; uncom- mon. Hooker. Chief in excellence. Shaksj)eare. SPECIAL*, speW-al. n.s. A particular. Hammond, SPECIALITY, spesh-e-al'-e-te. ) n. s. [specialite, SPECIALTY, spesh'-al-te. ] Fr.] Particulari- ty. Hooker. To SPECIALIZE*, spesh'-dl-lze. v.a. To particu- larize; to mention speciallv. Sheldon. SPECIALLY, spesh'-al-e. "ad. Particularly above others. Phil.xvi. Not in a common way ; pecu- liarly. Hale. SPECIES §, spe'-shez. 433. n.s. [Lat.] A sort; a subdivision of a general term. Watts. Class of nature; single order of beings. Broum. Appear- ance to the senses ; any visible or sensible repre SPE SPE -n6, m6ve, n3r, n6t; — tube, tub, bull ;— 6il; — pSfind; — //tin, THis. sentation. Bacon. Representation to the mind. Dryden. Show 3 visible exhibition. Bacon. Cir- culating- money. Arbatlinot. Simples that have place in a compound medicine. SPECI'FICAL, spe-s?f-fe-kal. )a. [specif que, Fr.; J^PECFFICK, spe-sfP-flk. 609. $ s-pecies and facio, LaL] That makes a thing of the species of which it is. South. [In medicine.] Appropriated to the cure of some particular distemper. Bacon. SPECFF1CK* spe-slf -f Ik. n.s. A specifick medicine. Wiseman. SPECIFICALLY, spe-slf-fe-kal-e. ad. In such a manner as to constitute a species ; according to the nature of the species. South. To SPECFF1CATE, spe-s?f-fe-kale. v. a. [species and facio, Lat.] To mark by notation of distinguish- ing particularities. Hale. SPECIFICATION, sp^s-se-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Distinct notation ; determination by a peculiar mark. Watts. Particular mention. Aylijfe. To SPECIFY, spes'-se-fi. 183. v. a. [specifier, Fr.] To mention ; to show by some particular marks of distinction. Hooker. SPECLMEN, speV-se-men. 503. n. s. [Lat.] A sam- ple ; a part of any thing exhibited that the rest may be known. Addison. SPECIOUS $, spe'-shfis. 357. a. [specieux, Fr. ; speciosus, Lat.] Showy ; pleasing to the view. Bp. Richardson. Plausible; superficially, not solidly right; striking at first view. Milton. SPECIOUSLY, spe'-sh&s-le. ad. With fair appear- ance. Hammond. SPECIOUSNESS* spe'-shus-nes. n. s. The state or quality of being specious. Ash. SPECK §, sp£k. n. s. [j- pecca, Sax.J A small discol- oration ; a spot. Dryden. To SPECK, sp£k. v. a. To spot ; to stain in drops. Milton. SPECKLE, spek'-kl. 405. n. s. Small speck ; little spot. To SPECKLE, speV-kl. v. a. To mark with small spots. Spenser. SPECKLEDNESS* spel'-kld-ne's. n. s. State or quality of being speckled. Ash. SPECKT, or SPEIGHT, n. s. A woodpecker. Sec SPECTACLE §, spek'-ta-kl. 405. n. s. [Fr. ; spec- taailum, Lat.] A show; a gazing stock ; any thing exhibited to the view as eminently remarkable. 1 Cor. iv. Any thing perceived by the sight. Spen- ser. [In the plural.] Glasses to assist the sight. Bacon. SPECTACLED, spek'-ta-kld. 359. a. Furnished with spectacles. Sliakspeare. SPECTACULAR*, spek-tak'-u-lar. a. Relating to spectacles or shows. Dr. Hickes. SPECTA'TION, spgk-uV-sh&n. n.s. [spcctatio, Lat.] Regard ; respect. Harvey. SPECTATOR, spek-ta'-tur. 76, 521. n. s. [specta- teur, Fr. ; spectator, Lat.] A looker-on ; a beholder. Sliakspeare. SPECTA'TORSHIP, spelc-ta'-tur-shJp. n.s. Act of beholding. Sliak. Office or quality of a spectator. Spectator. SPECTATRESS*, spel-uV-tres. ) n. s. [siKctatrlr, SPECTA'TRIX* spgk-ta'-trlks. \ Lat.] A female looker-on, or beholder. Rowe. SPECTRE $, spgk'-tur. 41 G. n.s. [spectrum, Lat.; 2 metre, Fr.] Apparition ; appearance of persons ead. Dryden. Something made preternaturally visible. SPEC TR UM, spelc'-tr&m. n. s. [Lat.] An image ; a visible form. Newton. SPECULAR, spek'-ku-lar. 88. a. [specularis, Lat.] Having the qualities of a mirror or looking-glass. Donne. Assisting sight. Phillips. Affording view. Milton. To SPECULATE §, spek'-kn-late. 91. v.n. [spec- ider, Fr. ; specular, Lat.] To meditate ; to contem- plate ; to take a view of any thing with the mind. To SPECULATE, spgk'-ku-late v. a. To consid- er attentively; to look through with ine mind SPECULATION, spek-u-la'-shfin. n. s. [Fr/j Ex amination by the eye ; view. Codrington., Exam iner ; spy. Shak. Mental view ; intellectual exam inalion ; contemplation. Hooker. A train of thoughts formed by meditation. Temple. JVlenlal scheme not reduced to practice. Temple. Power of sight. Sliakspeare. SPECULATIST* spek'-ku-la-tlst. n. s. A specula- tor. Granger. SPECULATIVE, spek'-ku-la-tiv. 512. a. [speculatij, Fr.] Given to speculation; contemplative. Hooker. Theoretical ; notional ; ideal; not practical. Bacon, Belonging to view. Shak. Prying. Bacon. SPECULATIVELY, speV-ku-la-uV-le. ad. Con- templatively; with meditation. Comment, on Chau- cer. Ideally ; notionally ; theoretically 3 not practi- callv Swift. SPECULATIVENESS* spek'-ku-la-liv-nes. n. s. The slate of being speculative. Scott. SPECULATOR, speV-ku-la-tfir. 521. n.s. One who forms theories. More, [speculaleur, Fr.] An observer ; a contemplalor. Brown. A spy ; a watcher. Broome. SPECULATORY, spek'-ku-la-tur-e. 512. a. Ex- ercising speculation. Calculated for spying or viewing. Warton. SPE>CULUM,sp£k'-kii-\fan. 503. n. s. [Lat.] A mirror; a looking-glass; that in which represenla tions are formed by reflection. Boyle. An instru ment in surgery used for dilatation. SPED, sp£d. The preterit and part. pass, of speed, Sliakspeare. SPEECH $, speetsh. 246. n. s. [fpaec, Sax.] The power of articulate utterance ; the power of express- ing thoughts by vocal words. Holder. Language ; words, considered as expressing thoughts. Acci- dence. Particular language, as distinct from others, . Psalms, Comm. Prayer. Any thing spoken. Shak. Talk ; mention. Bacon. Oration ; harangue. Sivi/t. Declaration of thoughts. Milton. To SPEECH*, speeish. v.n. To harangue ; to make a speech. Pvle. SPE'ECHLESS, speetsh'-les. a. Deprived of the power of speaking; made mute or dumb. Shak. Mute ; dumb. Sliakspeare. SPF/ECHLESSNESS*, speetsh'-leVnes. n. s. Stale of being speechless. Bacon. To SPEED §, speed. 246. v. n. pret. and part. pass. sped and speeded, [spoeden, Teut. ; spuden, Germ. ; rpeb, Sax.] To make haste ; to move with celerity. Spensei-. []-pebian, Sax.] To have good success. Shak. To succeed well, or ill. Shale. To have any condition, good or bad. Waller. To SPEED, speed, v. a. To despatch in haste; to send away quickly. Fairfax. To hasten ; to put into quick motion. Shale. To furnish in haste. To despatch; to destroy; to kill; to mischief; to ruin. Dryden. To execute; to despatch. AyliJ'e. To assist; to help forward. Dryden. To make prosperous ; to make to succeed. 2 John. SPEED, speed, n.s. [ypeb, Sax.] Quickness; ce- lerity. Milton. Haste; hurry; despatch. Decay of Christian Piety. The course or pace of a horse. Shak. Success; event of any action or incident. Gen. xxiv. SPEEDFUL*, speed'-ful. a. [rpebi^, Sax.] Sar- viceable; useful. Wicliffe. Ob. T. SPE'EDILY, speed'-e-le. ad. With haste ; quickly. Sliakspeare. SPE'EDINESS, speed'-e-nSs. n. s. The quality of being speedy. SPE'EDWELL, speed'-well. n. s. A plant. Der- ham. SPE'EDY, spekV-e. a. Quick; swift; nimble; quick of despatch. Sliakspeare. To SPEET* speet. v. a. [speten, Teut.] To stab Gamm. Gurton's Needle. SPEIGHT, n. s. A woodpecker. See Spixht. SPELK*, spelk. n. s. []-pelc, Sax ] A splinter ; a small stick to fix on thatch with. Grose. SPE SPI (G= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin; WEH, §, spell, n. s. [ppel, Sax.] A charm consist- ing of some words of occult power. Brown. A turn of work; a vicissitude of labour, [ppelian, Sax.] Careio. [j*pel, Sax.] A tale. Chaucer, To SPELL spell, v. a. pret. and part. pass, spelled or s}>elt. [spellen, Teut. ; spellen, Germ.] To write with the proper letters Drydeii. To read by nam- ing' letters singly. Sliak. To read; to discover by characters or marks. Milton. To charm. Shak. [jpelhan, Sax.] To relate; to teach. Warton. To SPELL, spell, v. n. To form words of letters. Dnjden. To read. Milion. To read unskilfully. South. To SPELT, sp&t. v. n. [spalten, Germ.] To split; to break. Mortimer. SPELT*, spelt, n. s. frpelfc, Sax. ; spelte, Teut.] A kind of corn. SPE'LTER, spelt'-ur. 98. n. s. A kind of semi-metal. Newton.. SPENCE* spense. n. s. [despence, old Fr.] A butte- ry; a larder; a store-room; a place where any pro- visions are kept. Chaucer. SPE'NCER*, spens'-fir. n.s. A butler; one who has the care of the spence. Prompt. Pat-v. Oh. T. To SPEND §. spend, v. a. [ppenban, Sax.] To con- sume ; to exhaust ; to waste. 2 Cor. xii. To bestow as expense; to expend as cost. Isaiah, lv. To be- stow for any purpose. Shak. To effuse. Shak. To squander; to lavish. Wake. To pass ; to suffer to pass away. Job, xxi. To waste; to wear out ; to exhaust of force. Burnet. To fatigue ; to harass. Knolles. To SPEND, spend, v. n. To make expense. Dry- den. To prove in the use. Temple. To be lost or wasted. Bacon. To be employed to any use. Ba- con. SPE'NDER, spend'-ur. 98. n.s. One who spends. Bp. Taulor. A prodigal ; a lavisher. Bacon. SPE'NDfNG* spending, n. s. [rpenbun^, Sax.] Act of consuming, expending, or bestowing for any purpose. Whitlock. SPENDTHRIFT, spend' -thrift, n. s. A prodigal ; a \ lavisher. Dryden. SPE'RABLE §, sper'-a-bl. a. [sperabilis, Lat.] Such as mav be hoped. Bacon. Ob. J. SPE'RATE*, spe'-rate. a. [speratus, Lat.] Hoped to be not irrecoverable. Repr. to Q. Anne, in Ec- ton's Si. of Q. A.'s Bounty. To SPERE*, spere. v. a. [ppieian. Sax.] To ask ; to inquire. SPERM §, sperm, n. s. [spermc, Fr. ; sperma, Lat.] Seed ; that by which the species is continued. Ba- con. SPERMACETI, sper-ma-se'-te. n.s. [Lat.] A particular sort of oil which comes from the head of the whale. Quincy. ^j= When Shakspeare makes Hotspur describe a fop using this word, "And telling me the sovereign'st thing on earth " W as parmasitty for an inward bruise — " it is highly probable this was not a foppish pronuncia- tion, but that which generally obtained in Queen Eliz- abeth's time, and has, among the vulgar, been continu- ed to ours. W. SPERMA'TICAL, sper-mlt'-te-kal. ) a. [sperma- SPERMA'TICK, sper-mat'-tik. 509. $ tique, Fr.] Seminal ; consisting of seed. More. Belonging to the sperm ; containing sperm. Bacon. To SPE'RMATIZE, sper'-ma-tlze. v. n. To yield seed. Brown. SPERMATOCELE, sper-ma-l6-sele'. [See Hy- drocele.] n. s. [ciztpjxa and AoyXfj.] A rupture caused by the contraction of the seminal vessels, and the semen falling into the scrotum. Bailey. SPERMO'LOGIST, sper-m&^-jfo. n. s. [a-c 9l xo\- 6yos.] One who gathers or treats of seeds. Diet. To SPERSE, sperse. v. a. [sparsus, Lat.] To dis- perse ; to scatter. Spenser. Ob. J. To SPET§, spel. v. a. [ppeefcan, Sax.] To eject from the mouth ; to throw out. This is the old form of spit. Barrel, Spittle ; matter ejected from tue |SPET* spet. n.s. mouth. Lovelace. To SPEW §, spu. 265. v. a. [speiwan, Goth. ; ppi) an, Sax.; spemven, Germ.] To vomit; to eject faxAn the stomach. Spenser. To eject; to cast forth. Dryden. To eject with loathing. Lev. xviii. To SPEW, spu. v. n. To vomit; to ease the stomach. B. Jonson. SPE'WER*, spu'-or. n. s. [ppipepe, Sax.] One who spews. SPE'WING* sptV-lng. n. s. [jpipin^e, Sax.] Act of vomiting. Hab. ii. SPE'WY, sptV-e. a. Wet ; foggy. Mortimer. To SPHACELATE §, sf'as'-se-late. v. a. [sphacelus, LatJ To affect with a gangrene. Sharp. To SPHACELATE, sfas'-se-late. v. n. To mortify ; to suffer the gangrene. Sharp. SPHACELUS, sfas'-se-lus. n. s. [u-pdneXos.] A gan- grene ; a mortification. Wiseman. SPHERE §, sfere. n. s. [Fr. ; sphcera, Lat.] A globe; an orbicular body; a body of which the centre is at the same distance from every point of the circum- ference. Milton. Any globe of the mundane sys- tem. Spenser. A globe representing the earth or sky. Dryden. Orb ; circuit of aiolicn. Milton. Province ; compass of knowledge or action ; em- ployment. Shakspeare. To SPHERE, sfere. v. a. To place in a sphere. Shakspeare. To form into roundness. Milton. SPHE'RICAL, sfer'-re-kal. )a. [sphenquc, Fr.] SPHE'RICK, sfeV-rlk. 509. \ R° und 5 orbicular ; globular. Raleigh. Planetary ; relating to orbs of the planets. Shakspeare. SPHE'RICALLY, sfer'-re-kal-e. ad. In form of a sphere. Wotton. SPHE'RICA LNESS, sfer'-re-kal-nes. ?«.s.Round- SPHERPCITY, sfe-rls'-e-te. $ ness; ro- tundity; globosity. Digby. SPHE'RICKS*, sfer'-rfks. n.s. The doctrine of the sphere. SPHE'ROID §, sfe'-rold. n. s. [ty|.] A famous monster in Egypt, having the face of a virgin and the body of a Ron. Peacham. SPPAL, spi'-al. n. s. [espial, Fr.] A spy; a scout; a watcher. Bacon. Ob. J. SPICE §, splse. n. s. [espices, Fr.] A vegetable pro- duction, fragrant to the smell and pungent to the palate; an aromaliek substance used in sauces. Shak. [espece, Fr.] A small quantity ; a sample ; a specimen. Shakspeare. To SPICE, splse. v. a. To season with spice; to mix with aromatick bodies. Shak. To render nice; to season with scruples. Chaucer. SPPCER, spl'-sfir. 98. n. s. One who deais in spice. Camden. SP1CERY, spl'-sfir-e. n.s. [espicei-ies, Fr.] The commodity of spices. Raleigh. A repository of spices. Addison. SPICK and SPAN, spfk'-and-spau' a. Quite new ; now first used. Butler. SPFCKNEL, spfk'-nel. n. s. The herb maldmony or bear-wort. Diet. SPICO'SIT Y, spl-kos'-e-te. n. s. [spica, Lat.] The quality of being spiked like ears of corn; fulness of ears. Diet. To SPPCULATE*, splk'-kii-late. v. a. [spiculo, Lat To make sharp at the point. Mason. 864 SP1 SPI — n6, move, nfir, n6t ; — lube, tub, bill ; — 6il ; — p6und ; — thin, THis. SPI'CY, spl'-se. a. [from specs.] Producing spice ; abounding with aromaticks. Milton. Aromalick 5 bavin? the qualities of spice. Arbuthnot. SPPDER$, spi'-dur. 98. n.s. The animal that spins a web fir flies. Shakspeare. SPFDERCATCHER, spl'-dur-katsh'-ur. n.s. A bird. SPI'DERLIKE, spl'-d&r-llke. a. Resembling a spi- der in shape or quality. Shakspeare. SPFDERWORT, spl'-dur-wurt. n. s. A plant. Mil- ler. SPI'GNEL. See Spicknel. SPIGOT, sprg'-Qt. 166. n. s. [spijcker, Dutch.] A pin or peg put into the faucet to keep in the liquor. SPIKE §, spike, n. s. [spica, Lat.] An ear of corn. Deriliam. A long nail of iron or wood ; a long rod of iron sharpened: so called from its similitude to an ear of corn, [spik, Su. Goth.] Bacon. SPIKE, spike, n. s. A smaller species of lavender. Bill. To SPIKE, spike, v. a. To fasten with long nails. Moxon. To set with spikes. Wiseman. To make sharp at the end. SrTKED*, splkt, or spl'-keU a. Having ears, or those parts which contain seeds. Mason. SPFKENARD, splke'-nard. n. s. [spica nardi, Lat.] A plant, and the oil or balsam produced from the plant. Hill. ftCr Mr. Elphinston is the only ortboepist who pronounces the i short in this word; Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, VV. Johnston, and Buchanan, preserve it long, as in spike .- and, though I am well aware of the common idiom of our pronunciation to shorten the simple in the compound, (see Knowledge,) yet I think this idiom ought not to be sought after, when not established by custom. W. SPI'KY*, spl'-ke. a. Having a sharp point. Dyer. SPILL, spill, n. s. [spijlen, Dutch.] A small shiver of wood, or thin bar of iron. Carew. A small quantity of money. Ayliffe. jToSPILL §, spill, v. a. [rpillan, Sax. ; spillen, Dutch.] To shed ; to lose by shedding. Shale. To destroy ; to mischief. Sidneij. To throw away. Tickell. To SPILL, spill, v. n. To waste ; to be lavish. Sid- ney. To be shed: to be lost by being shed. Walts. SPI'LLER, spil'-l&r. 71. s. A kind of fishing line. Carew. SPILT*, spilt, part; a. Variegated. Spenser. SPILTH, spltth. n. s. Any thing poured out or wast- ed. Sliakspeare. To SPIN §, spin, n. a. preter. spun or span ; part. spun, [spinnan, Goth. ; ypinnan, Sax. ; spinnen, Germ, and Dutch.] To draw out into threads. Exod. xxxv. To form threads by drawing out and twisting any filamentous matter. Shak. To pro- tract; to draw out. Addison. To form by degrees; to draw out tediously. Digby. To put into a turn- ing motion, as a boy's top. To bPIN, spin. v. n. To exercise the art of spinning, or drawing threads. More, [spingare, Ital.] To stream out in a thread or small current. Drayton. To move round as a spindle. 31ilton. SPFNACH, spin'-nitsh. } n. s. [spina.chia, Lat.] SPFNAGE, spln'-nidje. 90. \ A plant. Miller. SPINAL, spi'-na). 88. a. [spina, Lat.] Belonging to the back bone. Brown. SPI'NDLE$, spin'-dl. 405. n.s. frpmbl, j-pinbel, Sax.] The pin by which the thread is formed, and on which it is conglomerated. Bacon. A iong, slender stalk. Mortimer. Any thing slender. Dry- den. To SPINDLE, spin'-dl. v. n. To shoot into a long, small stalk. Bacon. SPl'NDLELEGGED* spm'-dl-legd. } SPI'KDLESIIANKED, spin'-dl-shangkt. \ a ' Having small legs. Toiler. SPI NDLETREE, spin'-dl-tree. n. s. Prickwood. A plant. Evelyn. SPINE,: ' spine, n. s. [spina, Lat.] The back bone. Wiseman. SPUN E*, spine, n.s. [esjrine, Fr. ; spina, Lat.] A thorn. Bm7tmrmt and Fletcher. J 09 SPFN EL, spl'-nel. n. s. A sort of mineral. Wood' ward. SPINET, spin'-net. n. s. [espinette, Fr/J A small harpsichord ; an instrument with kevs. Swift. SPI'NET*, spin'-net. n. s. [spinetum, Lat.] A small wood; a place where briers and bushes grow. B Jonson. SPINl'FEROUS, spl-nif-fer-fis. a. [spina and fer* Lat. I Bearing thorns. SPINK, spink. n. s. A finch; a bird. Harte. SPFNNER, spin'-nur. 98. n. s. One skilled in spin ning. Graunt. A garden spider with long jointed legs. Sha.k. The common spider that spins webs for flies. Latimer. SPFNNING- Wheel, spin'-ning-hweel n. s. The wheel by which, since the disuse of the rock, the thread is drawn. Gay. SPFNNY, spin'-ne. a. Small ; slender. Mortimer. SPINCSITY, spi-nos'-se-te. n.s. Crabbedness; thorny or briery perplexity. More. SPFNOUS, spl'-nus. 314. a. [spinosus, Lat.] Thorny, full of thorns. SPINSTER, splns'-tur. 98. n. s. A woman that spins. Slmk. [In law.] The general term for a girl j or maiden woman. SirE. Coke. SPFNSTRY, spins'-tre. n.s. The woik of spinning. Milton. SPFNY, spl'-ne. a. [spina, Lat.] Thorny; briery; perplexed ; difficult ; troublesome. Digby. SPFRACLE, spir'-a-kl. 109. [spir'-a-kl, Jones, Ful- ton and Kniglit ; spl'-ra-kl, Sheridan and Perry] n. s. [spiraculum, Lat.] A breathing hole ; a vent 5 a small aperture. Woodward. 3^r" I have differed from Mr. Sheridan in the quantity of the i in the first syllable of this word, because I think the same antepenultimate accent, which shortens the in oracle, and the i in miracle, ought to have the same influence in the word in question. 503. W. SPIRALS, spi'-ral. 88. a. [Fr.] Curve; winding; circularly involved, like a screw. Ray. SPF RALLY, spl'-ral-e. ad. In a spiral form. Ray, SPIRA'TION, spe-ra'-shun. n.s. [spiratio, Lat.] Breathing. Barrow. SPIRE $ ; spire, n. s. [old Fr. ; spira, llal. and Lat.] - A curve line ; any thing wreathed or contorted, every wreath being in a different plane ; a curl ; a twist ; a wreath. Milton. Any thing growing up taper ; around pyramid, so called, perhaps, because a line drawn round and round in less and less cir- cles, would be a spire ; a steeple. Milton. The top or uppermost point. Shakspeare. To SPIRE, spire, v. n. To shoot up pyramidically. Drayton, [spiro, Lat.] To breathe. To SPIRE*, spire, v. a. To shoot forth. Spenser. SPFRED*, splrd. a. Having a steeple or spire. Ma- son. SPFRIT$, spirit. 109. n. s. [spiritus, Lat.] Breath; wind. Bacon, [esprit, Fr.] An immaterial sub- stance ; an intellectual being. Locke. The soul of man. Eccl. xii. An apparition. St. Luke, xxiv. Temper; habitual disposition of mind. Milton* Ardour; courage; elevation; vehemence of mind. Shak. Genius ; vigour of mind. Spenser. Turn of mind; power of mind, moral or intellectual. Shak. Intellectual powers, distinct from the body. Claren- don. Sentiment ; perception. Sluxk. Eagerness ; desire. South. Man of activity ; man of life, fire, and enterprise. Sluik. Persons distinguished by qualities of the mind. Wldie. That which gives I vigour or cheerfulness to the mind ; the purest part of the body, bordering, says Sydenham, on immate- riality. In this meaning it is commonly written with the plural termination. Shak. Characteristi- cal likeness; essential qualities. Wotton. Any thing eminently pure and refined. Shak. That which hath power or energy. South. An inflam- mable liquor raised by distillation; as brandy, rum. Boyle. Mark to denote an aspirated pronunciation. Dalgarno. It may be observed, that in the old po- ets spirit was a monosyllable, and therefore was often written sprite, or ; less properly, spnghi Spenser. 865 SPI SPL O 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, 55= The general sound of the first i in this word and all its compounds was, till lately, the sound of e in merit: but a very laudable attention to propriety has nearly restored the i to its true sound: and now spirit, sound- ed as if written spcrit, begins to grow vulvar. — See Principles, No. 108, 109, 110, and the word Miracle, Mr. Sheridan, W. Johnston, and Mr. Smith, have given into this false sound of i, 109 ; but Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, [Jones, Fulton and Knight,] have given it the true sound; and Mr. Nares very justly thinks that this word, miracle, and cistern, are now more frequently and properly heard with the short sound of i. W. To SPIRFT, splr'-ft. v. a. To animate or actuate as a spirit, [spiritato, Ital.] Milton.. To excite ; to animate ; to encourage ; to invigorate to action. Temple. To draw ; to entice. Brown. SPFRITALLY, splr'-lt-al-le. ad. {spiritus, Lat.] By means of the breath. Holder. SPIRITED, splrMt-gd. a. Lively ; vivacious ; full of fire. Pope. SPIRITEDLY*, splrMt-gd-le. ad. In a lively or strong manner. SPIR1TEDNESS, spir'-?t-gd-ngs. n. s. Disposition or make of mind. Addison. SPIRITFUL*, sp?r'-lt-ful. a. Lively ; full of spirit. Ash. SPFRITFULLY*, sp?r'-lt-f ul-le. ad. In a sprightly or lively manner. SPIRITFULNESS, spfrMt-ful-nes. n. s. Spright- liness ; liveliness. Harvey. SPFRFTLESS, spir'-lt-les. a. Dejected; low; de- prived of vigour ; wanting courage ; depressed. Milton. Having no breath ; extinct. Greenhill. SPIRITLESSLY*, sp?r'-ft-les-le. ad. Without spir- it; without exertion. More. SPI RITLESSNESS* spir'-It-les-nes. n. s. State of being spiritless. SPIRITOUS, spV-n-tts. a. Refined; defecated; advanced near to spirit. Milton. Fine ; ardent ; active. Smith. SPFRITOUSNESS, spfr'-?t-us-nes. n. s. Fineness and activity of parts. Boyle. SPIRITUAL, spfr'-ft-tshu-al. 461. a. [spirituel, Fr.] Distinct from matter; immaterial; incorporeal. Bacon. Mental ; intellectual. Milton. Not gross ; refined from external things ; relative only to the mind. Calami). Not temporal ; relating to the things of heaven ; ecclesiastical. Hooker. SPIRITUALIST*, spn-'-ft-tshu-al-lst. n.s. One who professes regard to spiritual things only ; one whose employment is spiritual. Hallywell. SPIRITUALITY, spTr-lt-tshu-al'-e-te. n. s. Incor- poreity ; immateriality ; essence, distinct from mat- ter. Raleigh. Intellectual nature. South, [spirit- ualite, Fr.] Acts independent of the body ; pure acts of the soul ; mental refinement. South. That which belongs to any one as an ecclesiastick. Ay- liffe. SPIRITUALIZA'TION, sp?r-?t-tshu-al-e-za'-shun. n. s. The act of spiritualizing. [In chymistry.] The action of extracting spirits from natural bodies. Chambers. To SPIRITUALIZE, spV-?t-tshu-al-lze. v. a. [sjnr- itualiser, Fr.] To refine the intellect; to purify from the feculencies of the world. Hammond. To ex- tract spirits from natural bodies. Clutmbers. SPIRITUALLY, spir'-it-tshu-al-le. ad. Without cor- poreal grossness ; with attention to things purely intellectual. Bp. Taylor. SPIRITUALTY, spfr'-it-tshu-al-te. n.s. Ecclesias- tical body. Shakspeare. Ob. T. SPFRITUOUS, spV-lt-tshu-us. a. [spb-iteux, Fr.] Having the quality of spirit, tenuity, and activity of parts. Arbuthnot. Lively; gay; vivid' airy: ap- plied both to persons and things. Wotton. Ardent; inflammable : as, spirituous liquors. SPIRITUOSITY, splr-n-tshu-&s'-se-te. 511. ) . SP1RITUOUSNESS. spV-?t-tshu-us-nes. J * The quality of being spirituous ; tenuity and activity. To SPIRT §, spurt. 108. v. n. frpyfcan, Sax.] To SDr»ng out in a sudden stream ; to stream out by intervals. Bacon. To SPIRT ,spfirt. v. a. To throw out in a jet. Dryd SPIRT, spurt, n. s. Sudden ejection. Sudden and short effort ; a fit. Old Morality of Lusty Juventus To SPIRTLE, spurt'-tl. 405. v. a. To shoot scatter- ingly. Draijton. SITRY, spl'-re. a. Pyramidal. Pope. Wreathed ♦, curled. Dryden. SPISS§, spfs. a. [spissus, Lat.] Close; firm; thick. Brereivood. Ob. J. SPFSSITUDE, spls'-se-tude. n. s. Grossness ; thick- ness. Bacon. SPIT §, spit. n. s. [rpitu, Sax. ; spit, Dutch.] A long prong on which meat is driven to be turned before the fire. SJiak. Such a depth of earth as is pierc* ed by one action of the spade. Mortimer. To SPIT, spft. v. a. preterit spat ; participle pass. spit, or spitted, [speten, Teut.] To put upon a spit. Shakspeare. To thrust through. Dryden. To SPIT §, sp?t.i\ a. []-paefcan, rpifcfcan, Sax.] To eject from the mouth. Shakspeare. To SPIT, spit. v. n. To throw out spittle or moisture of the mouth. St. John, ix. SPIT*, spit, n.s.^ What is thrown from the mouth. SPFTAL, splt'-tal. n. s. [corrupted from hospital.] A charitable foundation. South. See Spittle. 05= The a in all these words [spital, hospital, and Spital- fields] has a tendency to sink its sound, and to confound them with spittle. In the last of these words this ten- dency is incurable; but in the two first it would be far from pedantick to preserve the sound of the a as in med- al. Dr. Johnson seems to depart from etymology in doub- ling the t [altered by Todd] in these words. W. To SPFTCHCOCK, spitsh'-kok. v. a. To .split an eel in two, longwise, and broil it. King. SPFTCHCOCIl*, spitsh'-kok. n. s. An eel spitch- cocked. Decker. SPITE §, spite, n. s. [spijt, Dutch ; despit, Fr.] Mal- ice ; rancour ; hate ; malignity ; malevolence. Sid- ney. — Spite of, or in spite of. Notwithstanding; in defiance of. Cliapman. To SPITE, spite, v. a. To mischief; to treat mali- ciously ; to vex ; to thwart malignantly. Shakspeare. To fill with spite ; to offend. Sidney. SPFTEFUL, splte'-ful. a. Malicious; malignant. Hooker. SPFTEFULLY, splte'-ful-e. ad. Maliciously; ma- lignantly. Waller. SPFTEFULNESS, splte'-f&l-nes. n. s. Malice; ma- lignity ; desire of vexing. Keil. SPFTTED, splt'-ted. a. Shot out into length. Bacon. SPFTTER, spn'-tfir. 98. n.s. One who puts meat on a spit. One who spits with his mouth. Huloet. A young deer. Barret. SPI TTLE §, splt'-tl. 405. n. s. [corrupted from hos- pital.'] A kind of hospital ; a place for the reception of sick and diseased persons. B. Jonson. Better written spital, which see. SPFTTLE, splt'-tl. n. s. [rpacl, Sax.] Moisture of the mouth ; the saliva. Ray. SPFTTLY*, splt'-le. a. Slimy ; full of spittle. Cot- grave. SPFTVENOM, splt'-ven-um. n. s. Poison ejected from the mouth. Hooker. SPLANCHNOLOGY, splangk-n6l'-6-je. n. s. [o-irXdyxya and \6yog.] A treatise or description of the bowels. Diet. To SPL ASH §, splash, v. a. \j)laska, Swed.] To daub with dirt in great quantities. Prior. SPLASH*, splash, n. s. Wet or dirt thrown up from a puddle, mire, or the like. SPLA'SHY, splash'-e. a. Full of dirty water; apt to daub. To SPLAY, spla. v. a. To dislocate or break a horse's shoulder-bone. To SPLAY §*, spla. v. a. For display Mir. for Mag. SPLAY*, spla. a. Displayed ; spread ; turned out ward. Sidney. SPLA'YFOOT, spla'-fut. )a. Having the SPLA'YFOOTED*, spla'-fut-ed. $foot turned out- ward. Machin. SPLA'YMOUTH, splaZ-moM. n.s Mouth widen- ed by design. Dryden. 866 SPL SPO •n6, move, n6r, ?i&t; — tube, tub, bull 5 — 611; — p6&nd; — th'm, THis. SPLEENS spleen, n.s. [splen, Lat. j mrX$v, Gr.J The milt ; one of the viscera, supposed the seal of auger, melancholy, and mirth. Wiseman. Anger; spite ; ill-humour. Chapman. A fit of anger. Shak. Inconstancy ; caprice. Shak. A sudden motion ; a fit. Shak. Melancholy ; hypochondriacal va- pours. Blackmore. Immoderate merriment. Shak. SPLE'ENED, spleend. 359. a. Deprived of the spleen. Arbnthnot. SPLE'ENFUL, spleen'-ful. a. Angry; peevish ; fret- ful ; melancholy. Sliakspeare. SPLE'ENISH*. See Splenish. SPLE'ENLESS, splfcenM&. a. Kind; gentle; mild. Chapman. Ob. J. SPLE'ENWORT, spleen'-w&rt. n.s. [spleen and wort.] Miltwaste: a plant. Miller. SPLE'ENY, spleen'-e. a. Angry; peevish; humor- ous. Shakspeare. SPLENDENT, spleV-dent. a. [splendcns, Lat.] Shining ; glossy ; having lustre. Brcvm. Emi- iienilv conspicuous. Wotton. SPLENDID $, splen'-did. a. [splendidus, Lat.] Showv ; magnificent ; sumptuous ; pompous. Mili. SPLENDIDLY, splen'-dld-le. ad. Magnificently ; sumptuously ; pompouslv. Bp. Taylor. SPLENDOUR $, splen'-dfir. 314. 'n.s. [splendeur, Fr. ; splendor, Lat] Lustre; power of shining. Bacon. Magnificence ; pomp. South. SPLE'NDROUS* splen'-drus. a. Having splendour. Drayton. Ob. T. SPLENE'TICAL. sple-neY-e-kal. )a. [splenetique, SPLE NETICK*, splen'-e-tlk. 510. \ Fr.] Troubled with the spleen ; fretful ; peevish. Wotton. SPLE'NETICK*, splen'-e-tik. n. s. A splenetick person. Tatler. SPLE'NTCK, spleV-?k. 508. a. [splenique, Fr.] Be- lonsfins: to the spleen. Ha.rvey. SPLE'NISH, spleV-ish. a. Fretful ; peevish. Dray- ton. \£f* Dr. Johnson has received this word without any re- mark upon the impropriety of its formation. To turn a Latin noun into an English adjective by the addition of ish, is false heraldry in language: especially as we have the English word spleen, from which it might have been formed with so much more propriety : but to pronounce the e long, as Mr. Sheridan has done, is add- ing absurdity to errour. W. SPLENITrVE,spleV-e-t?v. 512. a. Hot; fiery; pas- sionate. Shakspeare. Ob. J. SPLENT, splfint. n. s. [or perhaps splint ; spinella, Ital.] A callous, hard substance, or an insensible swelling, which breeds on or adheres to the sl.ank- bone of a horse, and, when it grows big, spoils the shape of the leg. Farriers Diet. A splint or splinter. To SPLICE, spllse. v. a. [splissen, Dutch ; plico, Lat.] To join the two ends of a rope without a knot. SPLINT $. splint, n. s. [splinter, Tent.] A fragment of wood in general. A thin piece of wood or other matter used by chirurgeons to hold the bone newly set in its place. Wise?nan. To SPLINT, splint, v. a. To shiver ; to tear asun- der ; to break into fragments. Florio. To secure by splints. Sliakspeare. SPLPNTER, splinter. 9S. n.s. [splinter, Teut.] A fragment of any thing broken with violence. Bacon. A thin piece of wood. Grew. To SPLPNTER, splint'-ur. v. a. To shiver ; to break into fragments. To secure by splints; to support. Shakspeare. To SPLPNTER, spl?nt'-ur. v. n. To be broken into fragments ; to be shivered. Woodland Companion. To SPLITS, split, v. a. pret. and part. pass, split, [splijten, splitten, Teut.] To cleave; to rive ; to di- vide longitudinally in two. Shak. To divide ; to part. Watts. To dash and break on a rock. De- cay of Chr. Piety. To divide ; to break into dis- cord. South. To SPLIT, split, v. n. To burst in sunder ; to crack ; to suffer disruption. Boyle. To burst with laughter. Pope. To be broken against rocks. Shakspeare. SPLFTTER, spln'-tur. 93. n. s. One who splits. Swift. SPLIPTTER, splut'-lur. n. s. [perhaps a corruption of sputter.'] Bustle; tumult. To SPLU'TTER*, splut'-tur. v.n. To speak hastily and confusedly. Carleton. To SPOILS, sp6il. 299. v. a. [spolio, Lat.; spolier Fr.] To seize by robbery ; to take away by force. Heb. x. To plunder ; to strip of goods. Knolles To corrupt; to mar; to make useless. [This is properly spill ; j-pillan, Sax.] Col. ii. To SPOIL, spdll. v. n. To practise robbery or plun der. Ps. xliv. To grow useless ; to be corrupted. Locke. SPOIL, spolK n. s. [spolium, Lat.] That which is taken by violence ; that which is taken from an en- emy ; plunder ; pillage ; booty. Sliak. That which is gained by strength or effort. Bentley. That which is taken from another. Milton. The act of robbery ; robbery ; waste. Slmk. Corruption ; cause of corruption. Shak. The slough ; the cast- off skin of a serpent. Bacon. SPOILER, spSll'-ur. 98. n.s. A robber; a plunder- er ; a pillager. B. Jonson. One who mars or cor- rupts anv thing. SPOILFUL, spSil'-ful. a. Wasteful; rapacious. Spenser. SPOKE, sp6ke. n. s. []*pac, ypaca, Sax. ; speiche, Germ. ; spaecke, Teut.] The bar of a wheel that passes from the nave to the felloe. Shakspeare. The spar of a ladder. Lovelace. SPOKE, spoke. The preterit of speak. Sprat. SPOKEN, spo'-k'n. 103. Participle pass, of speak. 2 Kings, iv. SPOKESMAN, sp6ks / -man. 88. n. s. One who speaks for another. Ex. iv. To SPO'LIATE §, sp6Me-ate. v. a. [spolio, Lat.] To rob ; to plunder. Diet. SPOLIATION, spo-le-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; spoliatio, LatJ The act of robbery or privation. Ayliffe. \ SPONDA'ICAL*, spon-da'-e-kal. ) a. Belonging to SPONDAICK*,spon-da'-ik. $ a spondee; like a spondee. Ferrand. SPO'NDEE, spon'-de. n.s. [spondee, Fr. ; spondanis, , Lat.] A foot of two long syllables. Broome. SPO'NDYLE, spoii'-dll. n.s. [ozovivXos, Gr. ; spon- dvlus, Lat.] A vertebre ; a joint of the spine. Bp. Taylor. SPONGER, spunje. 165. n. s. [spongia, Lat. ; ppon- £ea, Sax.] A soft, porous substance, supposed by some the nidus of animals. It is remarkable for sucking up water. Bacon. To SPONGE, spunje. v. a. To blot ; to wipe away as with a sponge. Hooker. To cleanse with a sponge : applied to the act of cleansing cannon. To drain ; to squeeze ; to harass by extortion- South. To gain by mean arts. Swift. To SPONGE, spunje. v. n. To suck in as a sponge to live by mean arts ; to hang on others for main tenance. L } Estrange. SPONGER, spun'-jfir. 98. n.s. One who nangs for a maintenance on others. L' Estrange. SPO'NGFNESS, spun'-je-ngs. n.s. Softness and ful- ness of cavities like a sponge. Fuller. SPO NGIOUS, spfin'-je-us. 314. a. [spongieiix, Fr.] Full of small cavities like a sponge. Cheyne. SPO'NGY, spun'-je. a. Soft and full of small intersti. tial holes. Bacon. Wet ; drenched ; soaked ; full like a sponge. Sliakspeare. Having the quality of imbibing. SPO'NSAL, spon'-sa). a. [sponsalis, Lat.] Relating to marriage. SPONSION, spon'-shun. n. s. [sponsio, Lat.] The act of becoming a surety. Napleton. SPO'NSOR, spon'-sfir. 166. n.s. [Lat.] A surety ; one who makes a promise or gives security for an other. Aylrffe. SPONTANEITY, spon-ta-ne'-e-te. n.s. [spontanea tas, school Lat. ; spontaneite, Fr.] Voluntariness ; willingness ; accord uncompellea. Bramlw.il. SPONTANEOUS §, sp&n-nV-ne-us. a. [spontanee, Fr. ; from sponte, Lat.] Voluntary ; not compelled , 867 SPO SPR JET 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met 3— pine, p?n ;— acting without compulsion or restraint ; acting of itself: acting of its own accord. Hale. SPONTANEOUSLY, sp6n-ta'-ne-us-le. ad. Volun- tarily 5 of its own accord. Bentleu. SPONTA'NEOUSNESS, spon-ta'-'-ne-fis-nes. 314. n. s. Voluntariness 5 freedom of will 3 accord un- forced. Hale. SPONTO'ON*, sp6n-toon'. n.s. [esponton, Fr.] A military weapon, a kind of half-pike, or halberd. Murphy. SPOOL, sp65l. 306. n.s. {spule, Germ. ; spohl, Dut.] A small piece of cane or reed, with a knot at each end 5 or apiece of wood turned in that form to wind yarn upon 3 a quill. To SPOOM, sp66m. 306. v. n. To go on swiftly : a sea term. Dryden. SPOON §, sp65n. 306. n. s. [spaen, Dutch 5 spone, Danish 3 sponn, Icel.] A concave vessel with a handle, used in eating liquids. Shakspeare. To SPOON, sp66n. v. n. In sea language, is when a ship, being under sail in a storm, cannot bear it, but is obliged to put right before the wind. Bailey. SPO'ONBILL, sp6or/-b?ll. n. s. A bird. Grew. SPOONFUL, spoSn'-ful. n. s. As much as is gene- rally taken at once in a spoon. A medical spoon- ful is half an ounce. Bacon Any small quantity of liquid. Arbuihnot. SPO'ONMEAT, sp6on'-mete. n.s. Liquid food 3 nourishment taken with a spoon. Wiseman. SPO'ONWORT, spOon'-w&rt. n. s. Scurvygrass. Harte. SPORADIC AL, sp6-rad / -e-kal. a. [aTTopaSiKos.] Op- posed to epidemical : in medicine. Arbuihnot. SPORT §, sport. n.,s. [spott, Icel.] Play ; diversion ; fame ; frolick ana tumultuous merriment. Sidney. lock 5 contemptuous mirth. Tillotson. That with which one plays. Milton. Play ; idle jingle. Broome. Diversion of the field, as of fowling, hunt- ing, fishing. Shakspeare. To SPOR1 , sport. «. a. To divert 3 to make merry. Sidney. To represent by any kind of play. Dry- den. To SPORT, sport, v.n. To play; to frolick; to game; to wanton. Milton. To trifle. Tillotson. SPO'RTER*, sp6rt'-ur. n. s. One who sports. Slier- wood. SPO'RTFUL^pirt'-ful. a. Merry 5 frolick ; wanton ; acting in jest. Shak. Ludicrous ; done in jest. Wotton. SPO'RTFULLY, s P 6rt / -fiil-e. ad. Wantonly; mer- rily. Herbert. SPO'RTFULNESS, sp6rt'-ful-nes. n. s. Wanton- ness ; play; merriment; frolick. Sidney. SPO'RTINGLY*, sp6rt'-ing-le. ad. In jest ; in sport. Hammond. SPORTIVE, spor'-tlv. a. Gay; merry; frolick 3 wanton; playful; ludicrous. Sha/cspeare. SPORTIVENESS, sp6r'-tfv-nes. n. s. Gayety ; play ; wantonness. Walton. SPO'RTLESS*, spOrt'-lgs. a. Joyless; sad. P. Fletcher. SPO'RTSMAN, sp6rts'-man. n. s. One who pur- sues the recreations of the field. Addison. SPO'RTULARY §*, spor'-tshu-lar-e. a. [sportulare, low Lat.] Subsisting on alms or charitable contri- butions. Bp. Hall. SPO'RTULE, sp6r / -tshu!e. 461. n.s. [sportula, Lat.] An alms; a dole. Ayliffe. SPOT§, spot. n.s. [spette, Dan.; spotte, Flem.] A blot ; a mark made by discoloration. Milton. A taint; a disgrace ; a reproach ; a fault. Pope. A scandalous woman, a disgrace to her sex. Shaft. A small extent of place. Milton. Any particular place. Oticay. A kind of pigeon. — Upon the spot. Immediately ; without changing place. Swift. To SPOT, sp6t. v. a. To mark with discolorations ; to maculate. Shale. To patch by way of orna- ment. Addison. To corrupt; to disgrace; to taint. Sidney. SPOTLESS, spot'-les. a. Free from spots. Free from reproach or impurity; immaculate; pure ; | untainted. Shakspeare. SPO'TLESSNESS*. sp&t'-les-nes. 11. s. State or quality of being spotless. Donne. SPO'TTER, spot'-tfir. 98. n.s. One that spots; one that maculates. SPOTTINESS*, spot'-te-nes. n. s. State or quality of being spottv. SPOTTY, spotZ-te. a. Full of spots ; maculated. Milton. SPOU'SAGE*, sp5uz'-idje. n.s. Act of espousing. Bale. SPOU'SAL, spau'-zal. 99. a. Nuptial 3 matrimonial; conjugal ; connubial ; bridal. Shakspeare. SPOU'SAL, spou'-zal. n. s. [espousailles, Fr. ; svon- salia, Lat.] Marriage ; nuptials. Shakspeare. SPOUSE §, sptmze. 313. n. s. [spensa, sponsus, Lat. ; espouse, Fr.] One joined in marriage; a husband or wife. Sliakspeare. To SPOUSE*, spMze. v. a. To espouse ; to wed ; to join together as in matrimony. Chancer. SPOUSELESS, sp6uz'-les. a. Wanting a husband or wife. Pope. SPOUT §, spout. 313. n. s. [spuyt, Teut.] A pipe, or mouth of a pipe or vessel out of which any thing is poured. Shak. Water falling in a body; a cat- aract, such as is seen in the hot climates when clouds sometimes discharge all their water at once. Burnet. To SPOUT, spout. 313. v. a. [spuyten, Teut.] To pour with violence, or in a collected body, as from a spout. Shak. To pour out words with affected grandeur ; to mouth. Beaumont and Fletcher. To SPOUT, sp6ut. v. n. To issue as from a spout. Sidney. SPRACK*. a. See Sprag. SPRAG, sprag. a. Vigorous; sprightly. Sliaksppare. A provincial word. SPRAG*, sprag. n. s. A young salmon. Grose. To SPRAIN $, sprane. 202. v. a. [corrupted from strain, or from the Swedish spraenga.] To stretch the ligaments of a joint without dislocation of the bone. Gay. SPRAIN, sprane. n. s. Extension of ligaments with- out dislocation of the joint. Temple. SPRAINTS, sprants. n.s. The dung of an otter. SPRANG, sprang. The preterit of spring. Tillotson. SPRAT, sprat, n. s. [sprot, Dutch.] A small sea-fish Sidney. To SPRAWL, sprawl, v. n. [spradle, Dan. ; spar- ielen, Dutch.] To struggle as in the convulsions of death. Shak. To tumble, or creep with much agi- tation and contortion of the limbs. V 'Estrange. SPRAY, spra. 220. n. s. [of the same race with sprig.] The extremity of a branch. Spenser. The foam of the sea : commonly written spry. Arbuthnot. To SPREAD §, spred. 234. v. a. [j-ppseban, Sax. 3 spreyden, Teut.] To extend ; to expand ; to make to cover or fill a larger space than before. Gen. xxxiii. To cover by extension. Granville. To cover over. Is. xl. To stretch 3 to extend. 1 Kings, viii. To publish ; to divulge 3 to disseminate. SL Matt. ix. To emit as effluvia or emanations. Milt. To SPREAD, spred. v. n. To extend or expand it- self. Bacon. SPREAD, spred. n.s. Extent; compass. Addison. Expansion of parts. Bacon. SPRE'ADER, spred'-fir. 98. n. s. One that spreads Hooker. Publisher ; divulger 3 disseminator. Sicift. One that expands or extends. Wotton. SPRE'ADING*, spred'-mg. n.s. Act of extending or expanding. Job, xxxvi. SPRENT, sprent. part. [pppen£an, pppenan, Sax.] Sprinkled. Sidney. Ob. J. SPREY*. a. Spruce. See Spruce. SPRIG §, sprig, n. s. [spricka, Swed.] A small branch ; a spray. Bacon. A brad or nail without a head. To SPRIG*, sprfg. v. n. To mark With small branches ; to work in sprigs. Ash. SPRIG C-n/stal, sprlg'-kris4al. n. s. Crystal found in form of an hexangular column, adhering at one end to the stone, and near the other leaning grad uallv, till it terminates in a point. Woodward. 868 SPR SPR -n6, move, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull ;— Sil 5— p6und ; — thin, THis. SPRFGGY. sprig'-ge. 383. a. Full of small branches. Sherwood. SPRIGHT $, sprite 393. n. s. [contraction of spirit.] Spirit; shade; soul; incorporeal agent. Spenser. Walking spirit; apparition. Locke. Power which gives cheerfulness or courage. Sidney. An arrow. Bacon. See Spirit and Sprite. To SPRIGHT ; sprite, v. a. To haunt as a spright. S/iakspeare. SPRFGHTFUL, sprlte'-ful. a. Lively ; brisk ; gay ; vigorous Shakspeare. SPRI'GHTFULLY, sprlte'-ful-e. ad. Briskly; vig- orously. Shakspeare. SPRFGHTFULNESS*, sprlte'-ful-nes. n.s. Spright- liness ; gayety ; vivacity. Hammond. SPRFGHTLESS, sprite'-les. a. Dull; enervated; sluggish. Marston. SPRPGHTLINESS, sprlte'-le-nes. n.s. Liveliness; briskness ; vigour ; gavety ; vivacity. Addison. SPRFGHTLY, sprlte'-le. a. Gay ; brisk ; lively ; vigorous ; airy ; vivacious. Drydcn. To SPRING 5, spring, v. n. pret. sprung or sprang, anciently sprang ; part, sprung, [rppin^an, Sax. ; springen, Dutch.] To arise out of the ground and grow by vegetative power. Shak. To begin to grow. Ray. To proceed as from seed. 2 Kings. To come into existence ; to issue forth. SJiak. To arise ; to appear ; to begin to appear or to exist. Judges. To issue with eifect or force. Pope. To proceed, as from ancestors, or a country. Heh. vii. To proceed, as from a ground, cause, or reason. Milton. To grow ; to thrive. Dryden. To bound ; *o leap; to jump ; to rush hastily; to appear sud- denly. Shak. To fly with elastick power ; to start. Mortimer. To rise from a covert. Otway. To is- sue from a fountain. Gen. xxvi. To proceed as from a source. Dryden. To shoot ; to issue with speed and violence. Dryden. 7\> SPRING, spring. 409. v. a. To start; to rouse fame. Donne. To produce quickly or unexpectedly. )/-yden. To make by starting, applied to a ship. Dryden. To discharge, applied to a mine. Tatler. To contrive on a sudden ; to produce hastily ; to offer unexpectedly. Swift. To pass by leaping. Thomson. SPRING, spring, n. s. []-pjiin£. Sax.] The season in which plants rise and vegetate ; the vernal sea- son. Thomson. An elastick body; a Dody which when distorted has the power of restoring itself to its former state. WUkins. Elastick force. Dryden. Any active power; any cause by which motion or action is produced or propagated. Dryden. A leap; abound; a jump; a violent effort; a sud- den struggle. Dryden. A leak ; a start of plank. B. Jonson. A fountain ; an issue of water from the earth. Bacon. A source ; that by which any thing is supplied. Davies. Rise , beginning. 1 Sam. ix. Cause ; original. Blackmore. A plant ; a shoot; a young tree ; a coppice. Spenser. A youth. Spen- ser. A hand or shoulder of pork. Beaum. and Fl. SPRFNGAL, spring'-gal. n. s. fypjiin^an, Sax.] A youth ; an active, nimble young man. Spenser. Ob. J. SPRINGE §, sprinje. n. s. A gin ; a noose, which, fastened to any elastick body, catches by a spring or jerk. Shakspeare. To SPRINGE*, sprinje. v. a. To ensnare; to catch in a trap. Beaumont and Fletcfier. SPRFNGER, sprlng'-ur. 98. n. s. One who rouses game. A young plant. Evelyn. \j£f The g ought here to rest in the nasal sound, and not to be suffered to articulate the e, as it does in finger. —See Principles, No. 381 and 409. W. SPRFNGHALT, spring-halt. n. s. [spraenga, Swed. and JialL] A lameness by which the horse twitches up his legs. Siiakspeare. SPRFNGHEAD*, spring'-hed. n. s. Fountain ; source. Sir T. Herbert. SPRFNGINESS, sprlng'-e-nes, or sprln'-je-nes. [See Springy.] ?i.s. Elasticity; power of restor- ing itself. Boyle. jSPRFNGING*, sprlng'-ing. n.s. Growth 5 increase. 57 Ps. Ixv. [In architecture.] The side of an arch contiguous to the part whereon it rests. Arcliaeol. vol. xvii. SPRFNGLE, spring'-gl. 405. n. s. A spring ; an elastick noose. Carew. SPRFNGT1DE, spring'-tlde. n. s. Tide at the new and full moon : high tide. Dryden. SPRFNGY, sprW-e, or sprin'-je. a. Elastick; hav ing the power ofrestoring itself. Newton. 55= A most absurd custom has prevailed in pronouncing this adjective, as if it were formed from springe, a gin, rhyming with fringe, when nothing can be plainer than its formation from spring, an elastick body, and that the addition of y ought no more to alter the sound of g in this word -than it does in stringy, full of strings, ft is certainly thus wc ought to pronounce the substantive formed from this adjective, which we meet with in Mr. Forster : "In general, that nervous springiness, (if I may so express it,) so very observable in Mr. Pope's metre, is often owing chiefly to a trochee beginning his line." Essay on decent and Quantity, p. 59. But the absurd- ity is still increased when this vicious pronunciation is given to the adjective formed from spring, a fountain: this, however, is so contrary both to custom and analo- gy, that nothing but an oversight in Mr. Sheridan could have prevented his making the distinction. — See Prin- ciples, No. 409. W. SPRFNGY, sprlng'-e. 409. a. [from spring.-] Full of springs and fountains. Mortimer. To SPRFNKLE §, spring'-kl. 405. v. a. [sprincke- hen, Teut. ; sprenken, Germ. ; ppjien^an, Sax.] To scatter; to disperse in small masses. Ex. ix. To scatter in drops. Num. viii. To besprinkle ; to wash, wet, or dust by scattering in small particles. Heb. x. To SPRFNKLE, spring'-kl. v. n. To perform the act of scattering in small drops. Lev. xiv. SPRFNKLE*, spring'-kl. n. s. A small quantity scattered. An aspergoire ; an utensil to sprinkle with. Spenser. SPRFNKLER.sprlngMdur. n. s. One that sprinkles. SPRFNKLING*, spring'-kling. n. s. The act of scattering in small drops. Bp. Hall. A small quantity scattered. To SPRIT, sprit, v. a. To throw out; to eject with force. Brow?t. 'To SPRIT, sprit, v. n. []*ppy tan, Sax. > spruyten, Dutch.] To shoot; to germinate; to sprout. Used of barley wetted for malt. SPRIT, sprit, n.s. [rppote, Sax.] Shoot; sprout Mortimer, [j-ppeoc, Sax.] A pole : hence our word boltsprit. SPRFTSAIL, sprit'-sale. n.s. The sail which be- longs to the bowsprit mast. Diet. SPRITE §, sprite. ■«. s. [contracted from spirit.] A spirit ; an incorporeal agent. See Spright. Pope. SPRFTEFUL*, sprlte'-ful. a. Gay ; lively ; cheer- ful. St road. SPRFTEFULLY, sprlte'-f ul-e. ad. Vigorously ; with life and ardour. Chapman. SPRFTELESS*. See Sprightless. SPRFTELINESS*, sprlte'-le-nes. n. s. See Sprightlinkss. Warton. SPRFTELY*. a. See Sprightly. SPRFTELY^sprheMe. ad. Gayly. Chapman. SPROD*, sprod. n. s. A salmon while in its second year's growth. Chambers. SPRONG. The old preterit of spring. Hooker. To SPROUT §, sprdut. 313. v. n. [rppyfcan, Sax. ; spruyten, Dutch.] To shoot by vegetation ; to ger- minate. Cowley. To shoot into ramifications. Ba- con. To grow Tickell. SPROUT, spr6ut. n. s. A shoot of a vegetable. Ba- con. SPROUTS, spr6uts. n. s. Young coleworts. SPRUCES, sproose. 339. a. Nice; trim; neat with- out elegance. Donne. To SPRUCE, spr66se. v. n. To dress with affected neatness. Cotgrave. To SPRUCE*, sprSSse. v. a. To trim; to dress, Ainsworth. SPRUCE, sprSose. n. s. A species of fir. Evelyn. SPRUCE-BEER, spr6ose-beer. n. s. Beer tinctured with branches of fir. Arbutfmot. SPU SQU (D 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— SPRUCE-LEATHER, sprfifis-leTH'-fir. n.s. Cor- rupted from Pj-ussian leather. Dryden. SPRU'CELY, spr6ose'-le. ad. In a nice manner. Marston. SPRU'CENESS, sprfiose'-ues. n. s. Neatness with- out elegance; trimness; quaintness ; delicacy; fineness. Middleton. To SPRUG*. v. a. To make smart. Parth. Sacra. SPRUNG, sprfing. The preterit and participle pas- sive of spring. To SPRUNT $*, sprunt v. n. [sprengen, Teut. ; j*pp.in£an, Sax.]' To spring up; to germinate. Prompt. Parv. To spring forward. Somerville. SPRUNT, sprfint. n. s. Any thing that is short, and will not easily bend. A leap, or a spring in leap- ing. SPRUNT*,, sprunt. part. a. Vigorous ; active; grown out ; becoming strong. SPRU'NTLY*, sprfint'-le. ad. Youthfully; like a young person. B. Jonson. SPUD, spud. n.s. A short knife; any short, thick thing, in contempt. Swift. SPU'LLERS of Yarn. n. s. [perhaps properly spoolers.] Persons employed to see that it be well spun, and fit for the loom. Diet. SPUME §, spume, n.s. [spuma, Lat.] Foam; froth. Goioer. To SPUME, spume, v. n. To foam ; to froth. SPUMOUS, spu'-mfis. )a. [spumeus, Lat.] Frothy; SPU'MY, spu'-me. $ foamy. Broivn. SPUN, spun. The preterit and participle passive of spin. Addison. SPUNGES, spfinje. n.s. See Sponge. To SPUNGE, spunje. 74. v. n. To hang on others for maintenance. Swift. SPU'NGINESS*, spfin'-je-nes. n. s. Sponginess. Cotgrave. SPU'NGINGHOUSE, spfin'-jlng-hofise. n. s. A house to which debtors are taken before commit- ment to prison, where the bailiffs spunge upon them, or riot at their cost. Swift. SPU'NGY, spfin'-je. a. Full of small holes, and soft like a sponge. Dryden. Wet; moist; watery. Slmk. Having the quality of imbibing. SJwJc. SPUNK, spfingk. 40o. n. s. Touchwood; rotten wood. Brown. SPUR§, spfir. n.s. [rpup., Sax. ; spore, Dan.] A sharp point fixed on the rider's heel, with which he pricks his horse to drive him forward. Sidney. Incitement ; instigation. Hooker. The longest and largest leading root of a tree : hence probably the spur of a post, the short wooden buttress affixed to it, to keep it firm in the ground. Shale. The sharp points on the legs of a cock with which he fights. Bacon. Any thing standing out ; a snag : as, the spur of a post. A sea-swallow. Ray. To SPUR,'spfir. v. a. To prick with the spur ; to drive with the spur. Addison. To instigate ; to incite ; to urge forward. Slmk. To drive by force. Shale. To fix a spur to. Old Balked of St. George for England. To SPUR, spfir. v. n. To travel with great expedi- tion. Dryden. To press forward. Dryden. To SPU'RGALL*, spfir'-gal. v. a. [spur and gall.] To wound or hurt with the spur. Shakspeare. SPU'RGALL*, spfir'-gal. n. s. A hurt occasioned by the too frequent use of the spur. Ash. SPURGE §, spfirje. n. s. [espurge, Fr. ; from purgo, Lat.] A plant violently purgative. Skinner. SPURGE Flax. n. s. A plant. SPURGE Laurel, or Mezereon. n. s. A plant. SPURGE Olive, n. s. A shrub. SPURGE Wert. n. s. A plant. SPU'RGING*. spfir -jing. n. s. Act of purging; dis- charge. B. Jonson. Ob. T. SPU'RIOUS§, spu'-re-fis. 314. a. [sp?inus,haL] Not genuine; counterfeit; adulterine. White. Not le- gitimate ; bastard. Addison. SPURIOUSLY*, spfi'-re-fis-le. ad. Counterfeitly ; falsclv. Webster. SPU'RlOUSN ESS, spfi'-re-fis-nes. n.s. Adulterate- ness ; state of being counterfeit. Waterkmd. SPU'RLING, spfirMmg. 410. n. s. A small sea-fish Tusser. To SPURN §, spfirn. v. a. [ypunnan, Sax.] To kick ; to strike or drive with the foot. Shak. To reject ; to scom ; to put away with contempt ; to disdain. Shak. To ueat with contempt. Locke. To SPURN, spfirn v. n. To make contemptuous op- position ; to make insolent resistance. Shak. To toss up the heels; to kick or struggle. Gay. SPURN, spfirn. n. s. Kick ; insolent and contempt uous treatment. Shakspeare. SPU'RNER*, spfirMifir. ?i.s. One who spurns. Sher wood. SPU'RNEY, spur'-ne. n. s. A plant. SPU'RRED*, spfird. a. Wearing spurs : as, He was booted and spurred. SPU'RRER, spfir'-rfir.^)8. n. s. One who uses spurs. SPU'RRIER, spfir'-re-fir. n. s. One who makes spurs. B. Jonson. SPUR-ROYAL*, spfir'-rSe-al. n. s. A gold coin, first coined in Edward the Fourth's time ; it was of fifteen shillings value in James the First's time : sometimes written spur-i-ial or ryal. Beaumont and Fletcher. SPU'RRY, spiV-re. n. s. [spurrie, Fr.] A plant. To SPURT, spfirt. v. n. See To Spirt. To fly out with a quick stream. Wiseman. SPU'RWAY, spur'-wa. n. s. [spur and way.] A horseway ; a bridle-road ; distinct from a road for carriages. SPUTA'TION$, spu-ta'-shfin. n.s. [sputum, Lat.] The act of spitting. Harvey. SPU'TATIVE*, spu'-ta-dv. a. Spitting much ; in- clined to spit. Wotton. To SPUTTER $, spfit'-tfir. 98. v. n. [sputo, Lat.] To emit moisture in small flying drops. Dryden. To fly out in small particles with some noise. Dry- den. To speak hastily and obscurely, as with the mouth full ; to throw out the spittle by hasty speech. Congreve. To SPUTTER, spfit'-tfir. v. a. To throw out with noise and hesitation. Dryden. SPUTTER, spfit'-tfir. n. s. Moisture thrown out in small drops. SPUTTERER, spfit'-tfir-fir. n. s. One that sputters. SPY§, spi. n. s. [yspio, Welsh; espion, Fr. ; spie, Dutch.] One sent to watch the conduct or motions of others; one sent to gain intelligence in an ene- my's camp or country. Shakspeare. To SPY, spi. v. a. To "discover by the eye at a dis- tance, or in a state of concealment ; to espy. Donne. To discover by close examination. Decay of Chr. Piety. To search or discover by artifice. Num- bers. To SPY, spi. v. n. To search narrowly. Shakspeare. SPY'BOAT, spl'-bote. n. s. A boat sent out for in- telligence. Arhuthnot. SQUAB $, skwob. 86, 87. a. [squab, Sueth.] Unfeath- ered; newly hatched. King. Fat; thick and stout ; awkwardly bulky. Betterton. SQUAB, skwob. n. s. A kind of sofa or couch; a stuffed cushion. Pope. SQUAB, skwob. ad. With a heavy, sudden fall; plump and fiat. L' Estrange. A low word. To SQUAB, skwdb. v. n. To fall down plump or flat ; to squelsh or saualsh. SQU'ABBISH, skw6b'-blsh. a. Thick; heavy; fleshy. Harvey. ToSQUA'BBLEJ, skw6b'-bl. 405. v. n. [kccbla, Swed.] To quarrel; to debate peevishly ; to wran- fie ; to fight. Shakspeare. A low word. UA'BBLE, skwob'-bl. n. s. A low brawl ; a petty quarrel. Arbuthnot. SQUA'BBLER, skwob'-bl-fir. n. s. A quarrelsome fellow ; a brawler. SQUABPIE', skwob-pl'. n. s. [squab and pie.] A pie made of many ingredients. King. SQUAD*, skwad. n. s. [escoimde, Fr.] A company of armed men : usually applied to those who are learnins: the military exercise. SQUA'DRON $, skwa'-drfin. 83, 85. n. s. [escadron, Fr. ; squadrone, Ital. ; from quadrai'is T at.] A bod> 870 SQU SQU — 116, move. n3r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 61I ; — pound , — thin, THis. of men drawn up square. Milton. A part of an army ; a troop. Chapman. Part of a fleet 3 a certain number of ships. Arbuthnot. SQUA'DRONED. skwa'-drund. 359. a. Formed into squadrons. Milton. SQUA'LIDS. skwdlMid. 86. [See Quadrant.] a. [squalidus, Lai.] Foul; nasty; filthy. Spenser. SQUALFDITY*. skwal-Hd'-e-te. ) n. s. The state SQUA'LIDNESS*, skw6l'-lid-nes. \ or quality of being squalid. Scott. To SQUALL $, skwall. v. n. [sqwcela, Su. Goth.] To scream out as a child or woman frighted. Spec- tator. SQUALL, skwall. n. s. Loud scream. Pope. Sud- den gust of wind. SQUA'LLER, skwall'-Qr. 98. n.s. Screamer; one that screams. SQUA'LLY, skwall'-e. a. Windy; gusty: a sailor's word. Smollet. SQU A' LOR, skwa'-lur. n.s. [Lat.] Coarseness; nastiness; want of cleanliness and neatness. Bur- ton. SQUA'MOUS, skwa'-rnQs. 314. a. [squameus, Lat.] Scaly ; covered with scales. Woodward. To SQUANDERS skwon'-du'r. v. a. [schwenden, Germ.] To scatter lavishly ; to spend profusely ; to throw away in idle prodigality. Atterbury. To scatter; to dissipate ; to disperse. Shakspeare. SQUA'NDER*, skw6n'-d&r. n. s. The act of squan- dering. Inq. into the State of the Nation, (180G.) SQUANDERER, skwon'-dur-Or. n.s. A spend- thrift ; a prodigal ; a waster ; a lavisher. Locke. SQUARE^, skware. a. [ysgicdr, Welsh ; quadratus, Lat.] Cornered ; having right angles. 1 Kings, vii. Forming a right angle. Moxon. Cornered ; having angles of whatever content : as, three square, five square. Spenser. Parallel ; exactly suitable. Shak. Strong; stout; well set: as, a square man. Equal; exact; honest; fair: as. square dealing. Shak. [In geometry.] Square root of any number is that which, multiplied by itself, produces the square : as, 4 is the square root of 16. SQUARE, skware. n. s. [quadra, Lat.] A figure with right angles and equal sides. Spenser. An area of four sides, with houses on each side. Ad- dison. Content of an angle. Brown. A rule or instrument by which workmen measure or form their angles : formerly written squire, [esquiej-re, Fr.] Spenser. Rule ; regularity ; exact propor- tion ; justness of workmanship or conduct. Hooker. Squadron ; troops formed square. Shak. A square number is when another, called its root, can be ex- actly found, which, multiplied by itself, produces the square. Pope. Quaternion ; number four. S/iak. Level ; equality. Drydcn. Quartile ; the astro- logical situation of planets, distant ninety degrees from each other. Milton. Rule; conformity. L' Es- trange. — Squares go. The game proceeds : chess- boards being full of squares. L' Estrange. To SQUARE, skware. v. a. To form with right angles. To reduce to a square. Prior. To meas- ure; to reduce to a measure. Shak. To adjust; to regulate; to mould; to shape. Shak. To ac- commodate ; to fit. Milton. To respect in quartile. Creech. To SQUARE, skware. v. n. To suit with; to fit with. Dryden. To quarrel ; to go to opposite sides. Shakspeare. SQUARENESS, skwW-nes. n. s. The slate of being square. Moxon. To SQUASH §, skwosh. 86. v. a. [from quash ; schiacciare, Ital.] To crush into pulp; to batter or make as flat as a cake. SQUASH, skwosh. n. s. Any thing soft and easily crushed. Shak. A plant. Boyle. Any thing un- ripe; any thing soft : in contempt. Shak. A sud- den fall. Arbuthnot. A shock of soft bodies. Swift. To SQUAT §, skwot. v. n. [quattre, Ital.] To sit cowering ; to sit close to the ground. To SQUAT*, skwot. v. a. To bruise or make flat by letting fall. Barret. SQUAT, skw6t. a. Cowering; close to the ground. Milton. Short and thick; having one part closo to another, as those of an animal contracted and cowering. Grew. SQUAT, skwot. n. s. The posture of cowering or ly- ing close. Dryden. A sudden fall. Herbert. SQUAT, skwdt. n. s. A sort of mineral. Woodward. To SQUAWL* See To Squall. To SQUEAK §, skweke. 227. v. n. [sqwaeka, Sued.] To set up a sudden, dolorous cry; to cry out with pain. To cry with a shrill, acute tone. Bacon. To break silence or secrecy for fear or pain. Dryden. SQUEAK, skweke. n. s. A cry of pain. Dryden. A shrill, quick cry, not of pain. Tatler. SQUEAKER*, skwe'-kur. n. s. One who cries with a shrill, acute tone. Echard. To SQUEAL, skwele. 227. v. n. [sqwaela, Su. Goth See To Squall.] To cry with a shrill, sharp voice ; to cry with pain. Tatler. SQUEA'MLSH^, skwe'-mish. a. [for quaivmish or qualmish, from qualm.'] Nice; fastidious; easily disgusted ; having the stomach easily turned ; be- ing apt to take offence without much reason. Sid- ney. SQUE A'MISHLY, skwe'-mfsh-le. ad. In a fastidious manner. Warton. SQUEA'MISHNESS, skwe'-mlsh-n&. n. s. Nice- ness; delicacy; fastidiousness. South. SQUEA'SINEiSS*, skwe'-ze-nes. n. s. Nausea; queasiness; fastidiousness. Himmond. SQUEA'S Y §*, skwe'-ze. a. Queasy ; nice ; squea mish ; fastidious ; scrupulous. Bp. Earle. To SQUEEZE §, skweeze. 246. v. a. [cpi]-an, Sax. ; fwasgu, Welsh.] To press; to crush between two odies. Wilkins. To oppress; to crush; to harass by extortion. L' Estrange. To force between close bodies. To SQUEEZE, skweeze. v. n. To act or pass, ir consequence of compression. Neioton. To force way through close bodies. I; Estrange. SQUEEZE, skweeze. n.s. Compression; pressure. Phillips. SQUEEZING*, skwee'-znig. n.s. Act of squeezing. Pope. To SQUELCH §*, or SQUELSH*, skwelsh.». a [a corruption, perhaps, of squash.] To crush. Beau- mont and Fletcher. SQUELCH. skwelsh. n. s. A heavy fall; a flat fall on one side. Hudibras. SQUIB, skwib. n. s. [schieben, Germ.] A small pipe of paper filled with wildfire. Bacon. Any sudden flash. Donne. A lampoon : a frequent colloquial expression. Any petty fellow. Spenser. SQUILL, skwu. n. s. [squilla, Lat.] A plant. Miller. A fish. An insect. Grew. SQUPNANCY, skwliv'-an-se. n. s. [squinance, squi- nancie, Fr.] An inflammation in the throat; a quinsy. Bacon. SQUINT §, skwint. a. [squinte, Dutch.] Looking ob- liquely ; looking not directly ; looking suspiciously. Spenser. SQUINT*, skwfnt. n. s. An oblique look. To SQUINT, skwint. v. n. To look obliquely ; to look not in a direct line of vision. Bacon. To SQUINT, skwfnt. v. a. To form the eye to ob- lique vision. Shak. To turn the eye oblique!}'. Bacon. SQUPNTEYED, skwfnt'-lde. a. Having the sight directed oblique. Knolles. Indirect ; oblique ; ma lignant. Denham. SQUINTIFE'GO, skwln-te-fe'-g6. a. Squinting : a cant word. Dryden. SQUFNTINGLY*, skwfnt'-higde. ad. With an ob- lique look. Sherwood. To SQUPNY, skwnV-ne. v. n. To look asquint : a cant word. Shakspeare. SQUIRE §, skwire. n.s. [contraction of esquire; escuyer, Fr. See Esquire.] A gentleman next in rank to a knight. Shak. An attendant on a noble warriour. Dryden. An attendant at courU Shakspeare. To SQUIRE*, skwlre. v. a. To attend as e squiret Chaucer. 871 STA STA 0=559.- -Fate, for, fall, fat;- — me, met;- — pine p?n;— SQUFREHOOD*, skwire'-hud. ) n. s. Rank and SQUI RESHIP* skwlre'-chlp. \ state of an es- quire. Shelton. SQUFRELY*, skwlre'-le. a. Becoming a squire. Slielton. SQUIRREL, skweV-rll. 109. n. s. [eciireuil, Fr.] A small animal that lives in woods, remarkable for leaping from tree to tree. Drayton. g^j= The i in this word ought not, according to analogy, to be pronounced like e, 109; but custom seems to have fixed it too firmly in that sound to be altered without the appearance of pedantry. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, give the i the sound that I have done. W. To SQUIRT §, skwurt. 108. v. a. [squaetta, Su. Goth.] To throw out in a quick stream. Arbuthnot. To SQUIRT, skwurt. v.?i. To prate ; to let fly: low cant. V Estrange. SQUIRT, skwurt. n. s. An instrument by which a quick stream is ejected. Hudibras. A small, quick stream. Bacon. SQUIRTER, skwurt'-or. n. s. One that plies a squirt. Arbuthnot. To STAB §, stab. v. a. [staven, old Dutch.] To pierce with a pointed weapon. Shak. To wound mortal- ly or mischievously. A. Phillips. To STAB, stab. v. n. To give a wound with a point- ed weapon. Dryden. To offer a stab. Shak. To give a mortal wound. Shakspeare. STAB, stab. n. s. A wound with a sharp pointed weapon. Shak. A dark injury} a sly mischief. A stroke ; a blow. South. STA'BBER, stab'-bur. 98. n. s. One who stabs; a privy murderer. STABI'LIMENT§, sta-bil'-le-ment. n. s. [stabilis, Lat.] Support; firmness; act of making firm. Dei-ham. To STABFLITATE*, sta-bil'-e-tate. v. a. [stabili- tas, Lat.] To make stable ; to establish. More. STABILITY, sta-bil'-e-te. n. s. [stabilite, Fr.] Sta- bleness; steadiness; strength to stand. Is. xxxiii. Fixedness ; not fluidity. Boyle. Firmness of reso- lution. STA'BLEfc, sta'-bl. 405. a. [Fr.; stabilis,^ Lat.] Fixed ; able to stand. Ste^xly; constant; fixed in resolution or conduct. Davies. Strong; fixed in state or condition ; -durable. Rogers. To STA'BLE*, sta'-bl. v. a. To make stable ; to fix ; to establish. Strype. Ob. T. STA'BLE §, sta'-bl. 405. n.s. [stabulum, Lat.] A house for beasts. Ezra, xxv. To STA'BLE, sta'-bl. v. n. [stabulo, Lat.] To ken- nel : to dwell as beasts. Milton. To STA'BLE, sta'-bl. v. a. To put into a stable. Spenser. STA' BLEBOY, sta'-bl-b6e. ) n. s. One who at- STA'BLEMAN, sta'-bl-man. 88. $ tends in the sta- ble. Swift. STA'BLENESS, sta'-bl-nes. n. s. Power to stand. Chancer. Steadiness ; constancy ; stability. Sliak. STA'BLESTAND, sta'-bl-stand. n. s. [In law.] Is one of the four evidences or presumptions,, where- by a man is convinced to intend the stealing of the king's deer in the forest : and this is when a man is found at his standing in the forest with a cross bow bent, ready to shoot at any deer; or with a • long bow ; or else standing close by a tree with greyhounds in a leash ready to slip. Cowel. STA'BLING*, sta'-bllng. n. s. House or room for beasts. Thomson. To STA'BLISH, stab'-lish. v. a. [stabilio, Lat.] To establish; to fix; to settle. Spenser. STA'BLY*, sta'-ble. ad. Firmly ; steadily. Huloet. STABULA'TION*, stab-u-la'-shun. n. s. [stabula- tio, Lat.] Act of housing beasts. Cockeram. Ob. T. STACK§, stak. n.s. [stack, Icel.] A large quantity of hay, corn, or wood, heaped up regularly to- gether. Bacon. A number of chimneys or funnels standing together. Wiseman. To STACK, stak. v. a. To pile up regularly in ricks. Tusser. STA'CTE. n. s. [craKrh, Gr. ; stacte, Lat. ; ptacte, Sax.] An aromatick ; the gum that distils from the tree which produces myrrh. Ex. xxx. STADE*, stade. n.s. [stade, Fr.; stadium, Lat.] A furlong. Donne. STAPLES, standi, n. s. [ytabel, Sax.] Any thing which serves for support to another. A staff; a crutch. Spenser. A tree suffered to grow for coarse and common uses, as posts or rails. Young plants left standing at certain distances, when a wood is cut. Tusser. To STA'DLE, sta'-dl. v. a. To leave sufficient stadlos when a wood is cut. Tusser. STA'DTHOLDER, stat'-h6ld-ar. n. s. [stadt, and houden. Dutch.] Formerly the chief magistrate ..f the United Provinces. Burnet. STAFFS, staf, n.s. plur. staves, stavz. [r-fcaep, ptap, Sax. ; staff, Danish ; staf, Dutch.] A stick with which a man supports himself in walking. ShaL A prop ; a support. Sliak. A stick used as a weap- on ; a club; the handle of an edged or pointed weapon. Shak. Any long piece of wood. Milton, Round or step of a ladder. Brown. An ensign of an office; a badge of authority. Shak. An estab- lishment of officers, in various departments, attached to generals and armies, [stef, Icel.] A stanza ; a series of verses regularly disposed, so as that, when the series is concluded, the same order begins again. Dryden. STA'FFISH, stuf-fish. a. Stiff; harsh. Ascham, Ob. J. STA'FFTREE, staf'-tree. n. s. A sort of ever-green privet. STAG, stag. n. s. The male red deer ; the male of the hind. Shak. A colt or filly; also a romping girl. Grose. STAGE §, stadje. n. s. [estage, Fr.] A floor raised to view on which any show is exhibited; a raised floor of temporary use. Tatler. The theatre ; the place of scenick entertainments. B. Jonson. Any place where any thing is publiekly transacted or performed. Shakspeare. A place in which rest is taken on a journey ; as much of a journey as is performed without intermission, [jtixe, Sax.] Hammond. A single step of gradual process. Bacon. To STAGE, stadje. v. a. To exhibit publiekly. Shakspeare. Ob. J. STAGECOA'CH, stadje-k6tsh'. n. s. A coach that keeps its stages; that passes and repasses on cer- tain days for the accommodation of passengers. Addison. STA'GELY*, stadje'-le. a. Belonging to the stage j befitting the stage. Bp. Taylor. STA'GEPLAY, stadje'-pla. n.s. Theatrical enter tainment. Dryden. STA'GEPLAYER, stadje'-pla-ur. n.s. One who publiekly represents actions on the stage. Arbuth- not. STA'GER, sta'-jur. 98. n. s. A player. B. Jonson. One who has long acted on the stage of life; a practitioner; a person of cunning. Hudibras. STA'GER Y*, sta'-jur-e. n.s. Scenick exhibition, show on the stage. Milton. STA'GEVIL. n.s. A disease in horses. Diet. STA'GGARD, stag'-gard. 88. n. s. [from stag.} A four year old slag. Ainsworth. To STA'GGER §, slag'-gur. 98. v. n. [staggeren, Dutch.] To reel; not to stand or walk steadily. Boyle. To faint; to begin to give way. Addison. To hesitate 5 to fall into doubt ; to become less confident or determined. Rom. iv. To STA'GGER, stag'-gur. v. a. To make to stag ger ; to make to reel. Shak. To shock; to alarm ; to make less steady or confident. Shakspeare. STA'GGERUNG*,stag'-gur-nig. n.s. Act of reeling. Arbuthnot. Cause of staggering or making to stagger. 1 Sam., xxv. STAGGERINGLY*, stag'-gflr-mg-le. ad. In a reeling manner. Granger. With hesitation. Brown. STA'GGERS, stag'-gfirs. n.s. A kind of horse apoplexy. Slialcspeare. Madness; wild conduct; irregular behaviour. Slvalcspeare. 872 STA STA -no, m5ve, ndr -tube,. '%, bull; — 331 5— pound; — thin, THis. STA'GNANCY, stag'-nan-se. n. s. The state of be in° witliout motion or ventilation. Cotton. STAGNANT, stag'-naut. a. [stagnans, Lat.] Mo- tionless; still; not agitated; not flowing; not running. Blackmore. To STAGNATE §, stag'-nate. 91. v.n. [stagno, Lat.] To lie motionless ; to have no course or stream. Woodward. STAGNATION, stag-na'-shun. n.s. Stop of course ; cessation of motion. Addison. STAID, stade. 202, 222. part. a. [from stay.] Sober; grave; regular; composed; not wild; not volatile. Shaks])eare. STAl'DNESS, stade'-n§s. n.s. Sobriety; gravity; regularity ; contrariety to wildness. Glanville. To STAIN §, stane. 202. v. a. [ystaenio, Welsh, from ys and taenu.] To blot 5 to spot; to maculate. Shak. To dye ; to tinge. Davies. To disgrace; to spot with guilt or infamy. Milton. STAIN, stane. 73. n.s. Blot; spot; discoloration. Addison. Taint of guilt or infamy. Hooker. Cause of reproach ; shame. Sidney. STA'INER, sta'-niir. n. s. One who stains ; one who blots ; one who dyes ; a dyer. STAINLESS, stane'-lgs. a. Free from blots or spots. Sidney. Free from sin or reproach. Sluikspeare. STAIRS, stare. 202. n. s. [r-caeSeji, Sax. ; stege, Sueth.j Steps by which we ascend from the lower part of a building to the upper. Sidney. STAIRCASE, stare'-kase. n.s. The part of a fab- rick that contains the stairs. Wotton. STAKED, slake, n.s. []*tac, yrace, Sax.; stake, Swed.] A post or strong slick fixed in the ground. Sidney. A piece of long rough wood. Dryden. Any thing placed as a palisade or fence. Comus. The post to which a beast is tied to be baited. Shak. [stecken, Teut.] Any thing pledged or wagered. Cowley. The stale of being hazarded, pledged, or wagered. Bacon. The stake is a small anvil, which stands upon a small iron foot on the work-bench, to remove as occasion offers ; or else it hath a strong iron spike at the bottom let into some place of the work-bench, not to be removed. Moxon. To STAKE, slake, v. a. To fasten, support, or de- fend with posts set upright. Evelyn. To wager ; to hazard ; to put to hazard. South. STALA CTICAL, stal-ak'-te-kal. a. Resembling an icicle. Dei-ham. STALA CTPTES §, stal-ak-tl'-tez. ) n. s. [from era- STALAGTFT.'Et, stal-ag-tl'-te. \ Aa^.] Spar in the shape of an icicle. Woodward. STALA GMITES, stal-ag'-me-tez, or sta-lag-ml'- tez. n. s. Spar formed into the shape of drops. Woodward. STALE §, stale, a. [stel, Teut.] Old : long kept ; al- tered by time. Pi-ior. Used till it is of no use or esteem ; worn out of regard or notice. Hayward. STALE, stale, n.s. []*taelan, Sax.] Something ex- hibited or offered as an allurement to draw others to any place or purpose ; a decoy- Sidney. A prostitute. Shak. [stalk, Teut.] Urine ; old urine. Swiff.. Old beer ; beer somewhat acidulated. [stele, Dutch. J A handle. Chapman. At the game of chess applied to the king, when he is forced into a situation from which he cannot move without going into check : by which the game is ended. Bacon. To STALE, stale, v. a. To wear out ; to make old. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To STALE, stale, v. n. [staUen, Teut.] To make water. Hudibras. STALELY, staleMe. ad. Of old ; long time. B. Jonson. STA'LENESS, stale'-nes. n. s. Oldness; state of be- ing long kept ; state of being corrupted by time. Bacon. To STALK §, stawk. 84. v. n. [ffcselcan, Sax.] To walk with high and superb steps. Spenser. To walk behind a stalking horse or cover. Bacon. STALK, stawk. n.s. High, proud, wide, and stately Step. Spenser. STALKS, stawk. n.s. [slelke, or stielke, Swed.] The stem on which flowers or fruits grow. Bacon. The stem of a quill. Grew. STA'LKED*, slawkt. a. Having a stalk : as, thG \ong-stalked pear. STACKER*, stawk'-Or. n. s. One who stalks. B Jonson. A kind of fishing-net. STA'LKINGHORSE, stawk'-ing-hSrse. n. s [stalking and horse.] A horse, either real or ficti tious, by which a fowler shelters himself from the sight of the game ; a mask ; a pretence. HakewilL t STALKY, stawk' -e. a. Hard like a stalk. Morti- mer. ! STALL §, stall. 84. n.s. frtal, j-teal, Sax. ; stal, i Dutch.] A crib in which an ox is fed, or a horse is I kept, in the stable. Chapman. A bench or form where any thing is set to sale. Shak. [stall, Swed. ■ I stal, Arm.] A small house or shed in which certain trades are practised. Spenser. The seat of a dig- nified clergyman in the choir. Aylijje. To STALL, stall, v. a. To keep in a stall or stable. Spenser, [for install.] To invest. S/iaksjware. To STALL, stall, v. n. To inhabit ; to dwell. Sliak To kennel. STALLAGE, stall'-ldje. n. s. Rent paid for a stall [In old books.] Laystall ; dung ; compost. STALLATION*, stal-la'-shun. n.s. Listallation Cavendish. Ob. T. STALLFED, stalF-fgd. a. Fed, not with grass, but dry feed. Chapman. STA'LLION, stal'-yun. 113. n. s. [ysdalwyn, Welsh; stalon, old Fr. ; Stallone, ltal.] A horse kept for mares. Temple. STALWORTH.-stalF-wfir^.a. []-<:ael-py]iS, Sax.] Stout; strong; brave. Fairfax. Ob. T. STA' MEN*, sta'-men. n.s. [Lat.] Threads. Hist. R. S. Foundation. Toiler. STA'MIN*, sta'-min. n.s. [estamine,Fr.] A slight sort of stuff; kind of woollen cloth. Chaucer. STA'MINA, stam'-fr-a. n. s. [Lat.] The first prin ciples of any thing. Burke. The solids of a hu- man body. [In botany.] Those little fine threads or capillaments, which grow up within the flowers of plants, encompassing round the style, and oa which the apices grow at their extremities. §Cr This word, like animalcula, is often, by mere Eng- lish speakers, used as a singular. Thus, speaking of microscopick objects, they talk of seeing the leg of an animalcula. and, observing a person with a good con- stitution, they say he has a good stamina. To such speakers it may be observed, that these words are per- fectly Latin plurals, the singulars of which are ani- malculum, and stamen. — See Animalcule, Lamina.. and Miasma. W. To STA'MINATE*, stam'-m-ate. v. a. To endue with stamina. Biblioth. Bihl. STAMFNEOUS, sta-min'-e-us. a. [staminevs, Lat."; Consisting of threads. Stamineous flowers want those coloured leaves which are called petala, and consist onlv of the stvlus and the stamina. STAMMEL, stam'-mel. n. s. [estamel, old Fr.] A species of red colour. B. Jonson. A kind of wool- len cloth. Comment, on Chaucer. STA'MMEL* stam'-meL a. Of a reddish colour Beaumont and Fletcher. To STA'MMERS, suW-mfir. 98. v.n. frtamep., Sax.; stameren, Teut.] To speak with unnatural hesitation ; to utter words with difficulty. Sidney. To STA'MMER*, stam'-mfir. v. a. To pronounce or declare imperfectlv. Beaumont and Fletcher. STA'MMERER, slam'-mur-ur. n.s. One who speaks with hesitation. Bp. Taylor. STA'MMERINGLY*, stam'-mur-fng-le. ad In a stammering manner. Huloet. To STAMP §, stamp, v. a. [stampen, Dutch ; stamp- er, Dan.] To strike by pressing the foot hastily downwards. Dryden. To pound ; to beat as in a mortar. Deut. ix. [estamper, Fr. ; stampare, ltal.] To impress with some mark or figure. South. To fix a mark by impressing it. Digby. To make by impressing a mark. Locke. To mint; to form; to coin. Shakspeare. 873 STA STA ICF 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m§t ;— pine pn >— To STAMP, stamp, v. n. To strike the foot suddenly downward. Jer. xlvii. STAMP, stamp, n. s. [estampe, Fr.; stampa, Ital.] Any instrument by which a distinct and lasting im- pression is made. A mark set on any thing- ; im- pression. Carew. A thing- marked or stamped. Sliak. A picture cut in wood or metal ; a picture made by impression ; a cut} a plate. Addison. A mark set upon things that pay customs to the gov- ernment. Swift. A character of reputation, good or bad, fixed upon any thing. South. Authority 5 currency; value derived from any suffrage or at- testation. Brown. Make; cast; form. Shak. STA'MPER, stamp'-fir. 98. n. s. An instrument of pounding. STAN, amongst our forefathers, was the termination of the superlative degree : so, Athelstan, most no- ble ; Betstan, the best ; Dunstan, the highest. Gibson's Camden. To STANCH §, stansh. 78. v. a. [estancher, Fr.] To stop blood; to hinder from running. Bacon. To STANCH, stansh. v. n. To stop. St. Luke, viii. STANCH, stansh. a. Sound; such as will not run out. Boyle. Firm; sound of principle ; trusty; hearty; determined. Addison. Strong; not to oe broken. Sliakspeare. — A stanch hound. A dog that follows the scent without errour or remissness. STA'NCHER, stansh'-ur. n.s. One that stops blood. Sherwood. STA'NCHION, stan'-shun. n. s. [estangon, Fr.] A prop ; a support. STA'NCHLESS, stansh'-les. a. Not to be stopped. Shakspeare. To STAND§, stand, v.n. preterit I stood, I liave stood, [standan, Goth.; rfcanban, Sax.; staen, Dutch.] To be upon the feet ; not to sit, knee!, or lie down. Common Prayer. To be not demolished or overthrown. Milton. To be placed as an edi- fice. Addison. To remain erect ; not to fall. Milton. To become erect. Dryden. To stop ; to halt ; not to go forward. Shak. To be at a sta- tionary point without progress or regression. Bacon. To be in a state of firmness, not vacillation. Davies. To be in any posture of resistance or defence. S/iak. To be in a state of hostility ; to keep the ground. Esth. viii. Not to yield ; not to fly; not to give way. Ecclus. xlvi. To stay ; not 'to fly. Chapman. To be placed, with regard to rank or order. Arbuihnot. To remain in the present state. 1 Cor. viii. [estar, Span.] To be in any particular state ; to be : emphatically expressed. Milton. Not to become void ; to remain in force. Hooker. To consist ; to have its being or essence. Heb. ix. To be, with respect to terms of a contract. Carew. To have a place. Sliuk. To be in any state at the time present. Shak. To be in a permanent state. Shak. To be with regard to condition or fortune. Dryden. To have any particular respect. Sliak. To be without action. Bacon. To depend ; to rest ; to be supported. Wlritgift. To be, with re- gard to state of mind. Psalm iv. To succeed ; to be acquitted ; to be safe. Addison. To be, with respect to any particular. Shak. To be resolutely of a party. Hooker. To be in the place ; to be rep- resentative. Bacon. To remain ; to be fixed. 1 Cor. xvi. To hold a course at sea. Dryden. To have direction towards any local point. Boyle. To offer as a candidate. Walton. To place himself; to be placed. Shak. To stagnate ; not to flow. Dryden. To be, with respect to chance. Rowe. To remain satisfied. Sliak. To be without motion. Shak. To make delay. Locke. To insist; to dwell with many words, or much pertinacity. Ba- con. • To be exposed. Sliak. To persist ; to per- severe. Bp. Taylor. To persist in a claim. To adhere ; to abide. Daniel. To be consistent. Hooker. To be put aside with disregard. Decay of Christian Piety. — To stand by. To support ; to defend ; not to desert. Dryden. To be present without being an actor. Shak. To repose on ; to rest in. Pope. To stand for. To propose one's self a candidate. Shak. To maintain; to profess to support. Bacon. To stand off. To keep at a distance. Dryden. Not to comply. Shak. To for- bear friendship or intimacy. Shak. To have re- lief; to appear protuberant or prominent. Wotlm. To stand out. To hold resolution ; to hold a post ; not to yield a point. Shak, Not to comply ; to se- cede. Shak. To ne prominent or protuberant. Psalm lxxiii. To stand to. To ply ; to persevere Dryden. To remain fixed in a purpose. Herbert. To abide by a contract or assertion. Dryden. To stand under. To undergo ; to sustain. Shak. To stand up. To erect one's self; to rise from sitting. To arise in order to gain notice. Acts, xxv. To make a party. Shak To stand upon. To con- cern ; to interest : an impersonal sense. Bacon. To value; to take pride. Tillotson. To insist. Shakspeare. To STAND, stand, v. a. To endure; to resist without flying or yielding. Shak. To await; to abide; to suffer. Addison. To keep ; to maintain, with ground. Dryden. STAND, stand, n. s. A station ; a place where one waits standing. Shak. Rank ; post ; station. Daniel. Astop;ahalt. Shak. Stop; interrup- tion. Bacon. The act of opposing. Slwik. High- est mark; stationary point; point from which *he next motion is regressive. Dryden. A point be- yond which one cannot proceed. Sliak. Difficulty ; perplexity ; embarrassment ; hesitation. Locke. A frame or table on which vessels are placed. Dryden STANDARDS, stan'-dard. n.s. [j-fcaubajib, Sax. ; standart, old Fr. ; estandart, mod. From stand.~] An ensign in war. Milton. That which is of un- doubted authority ; that which is the test of other things of the same kind. Glanville. That which has been tried by the proper test. Swift. A set- tled rate. Locke. A standing stem or tree. Bacon. STA'NDARDBEARER, stan'-dard-ba-r&r. n. s. One who bears a standard or ensign. Isa. x. STA'NDCROP. stand' -kr6p. n.s. An herb. Ains~ worth. STA'NDEL, stan'-del n. s. [from stand.] A tree of long standing. Howell. STA'NDER^sland'-ur. 98. n.s. One who stands. A tree that has stood long. Ascham. — Stander by. One present ; a mere spectator. Hooker. Stander up. One who makes himself of a party. South. STA/NDERGRASS, stand'-ur-gras. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. STANDING, stand'-lng. part. a. Settled ; establish- ed ; not temporary. Temple. Lasting ; not transi- tory. Addison. Stagnant ; not running. Ps. cviii. Fixed ; not movable. Sliak. Continuing erect ; not fallen ; not cut down. Judges, xv. STA'NDING, standing. 410. n. s. Continuance; long possess-on of an office, character, or place. Dryden. Station ; place to stand in. Knolles. Power to stand. Ps. lxix. Rank ; condition. STA'NDISH, stan'-dlsh. n.s. [stand and dish.] A case for pen and ink. Wotton. STANE*, stane. n.s. [jtan, Sax.] Our northern word for stone. STANG §, stang. n. s. [r-tseng, Sax. -,ystang, Welsh.] A perch; a measure of land. Swift. A long bar; a wooden pole ; the shaft of a cart. — To ride tlve. stang, is to be mounted on a strong pole, borne on men's shoulders, and carried about from place to place ; the rider representing usually a henpecked husband, and sometimes the husband who had beaten his wife. Callander. To STANG*, stang. v. n. [stanga, Icel.] To shoot with pain. Grose. STANK $, stangk. a. [stanka, Icel. and Su. Goth.] Weak : worn out. Spenser. To STANK*, stangk. v. n. To sigh. STANK*, stangk. n. s. [jfcanc, Sax. ; ystanc, Welsh.] A dam, or bank, to stop water. STANK, stangk. The preterit ofstmk. Exod. vii. STA'NNAR Y*, stan'-nar-e. n. s. [stannum, Lat. ; stean, Cornish.] A tin mine. Bp. Hall. STA'NNARY, slaV-nar-e. a. Relating to the tin works. Carew. 874 STA STA — no, move, n6r, jidt; — tube, tub, bull; — oil; — pound; — thin, this. STA'NNYEL* stan'-yel. n. s. The common sto«e- hawk. Sliakspeare. STA'NZA,stan'-za. 95. n. s. [stanza, Ital. ; tfaw?, Fr.] A number of lines regularly adjusted to each other ; so much of a poem as contains every varia- tion of measure, or relation of rhyme. Stanza is originally a room of a house, and came to signify a subdivision of a poem ; a staff. Cowley. STA'PLE $, sta'-pl. 405. n. s. [stapel, Belg\ and Sueth.] A settled mart; an established emporium. Prior. The original material of a manufacture. Drayton. STA'PLE, sta'-pl. a. Settled ; established in com- merce. Dryden. According to the laws of com- merce. Swift. STA'PLE, sta'-pl. n. s. [ffcapul, Sax.] A loop of iron ; a bar bent and driven in at both ends. Pea- cham. STA'PLER*. sta'-plur. n. s. A dealer : as, a wool- stapler. Howell. STAR §, star. 78. n.s. [sterre, Teut. ; ^fceojipa, Sax.] One of the luminous bodies that appear in the noc- turnal sky. Watts. The pole-star. Sliak. Con- figuration of the planets supposed to influence for- tune. Sliak. A mark of reference ; an asterisk. Watts. STAR of Bethkliem. n. s. A flower. Miller. STA'R APPLE, stlr'-ap-pl. n.s. A globular or olive- shaped, soft, fleshy fruit, enclosing a stone of the same shape. This plant grows in the warmest parts of America. Miller. STA'RBOARD, slar'-bord. n. s. [ r teojibopb, Sax.] The right-hand side of the ship, as larboard is the left. Harris. STARCH §, startsh. 78. n. s. [stark, Germ.] A kind of viscous matter made of flour or potatoes, with which linen is stiffened, and was formerly coloured. Fletcher. A stiff, formal manner. Addison. STARCH*, startsh. a. [j-fcapc, Sax.] Stiff; precise ; rigid. Killingbeck. To STARCH, startsh. v. a. To stiffen with starch. Gay. STA'RCHAMBER, sta^-tsham-bur. n. s. A kind of criminal court of equity. Sliakspeare. STA'RCHED, startsht. "359. part. a. Stiffened with starch. B. Jonson. Stiff; precise ; formal. Ham- mond. STA'RCHEDNESS*, startsh'-ed-nSs. 365. n. s. Stiffness ; formality. L. Addison. STA'RCHER, startsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One whose trade is to starch. Marston. STA'RCHLY, startsh'-le. ad. Stiffly; precisely. Swift. STA'RCHNESS, startsh'-nes. n. s. Stiffness ; pre- ciseness. To STARE §, stare, v.n. [)"tap.ian, Sax.; stara, Icel. and Sueth.] To look with fixed eyes ; to look with wonder, impudence, confidence, stupidity, or horrour. Spenser. To stand out prominent. Mart, [starren, Germ.] To stand up. Barret. To STARE*, stare, v. a. To affect or influence by stares. Dryden. — To stare in tlieface. To be un- deniably evident to. Locke. STARE, stare, n.s. Fixed look. Shak. [ytseji, Sax. ; sterre, Teut.] The starling, a bird. Sir T. Elyot. STARRER, sla'-rur. 98. n.s. One who looks with fix- ed eves. Pope. STA'RFISH, star'-f?sh. n. s. A fish branching out into several points. Woodward. STA'RGAZER, star'-ga-zur. n. s. An astronomer, or astrologer. Is. xlvii. A fish so called. Cluxm- bers. STA'RHAWK, star^-hawk. n. s. A sort of hawk. Ainsworth. STARK §, stark. 78. a. [ft ape, Sax. ; stark, Germ. ; sterk, Teut.] Stiff; strong; unbending ; unyield- ing. Chaucer. Deep ; full ; still. B. Jonson. Mere ; simple ; plain ; gross. Hudibras. STARK, stark, ad. It is used to intend or augment the signification of a word : as, stark mad, mad in the highest degree. Sidney. STA'RKLY, stark'-le. ad. Stiffly; strongly. Shak STA'RLESS, star'-les. a. Having no light of stars. Milton. STA'RLIGHT, star'-llte. n. s. Lustre of the stars. Sliakspeare. STA'RLIGHT, star'-llte. a. Lighted by the stars Dryden. STA'RLIKE, slar'-llke. a. Stellated ; having vari- ous points resembling a star in lustre. Mortimer. Bright ; illustrious. Boyle. STA'RLING,star'-lh)g. n.s. [r-fcsephnft, Sax.] A bird ; a stare : which is sometimes taught to talk as the magpie. Sliakspeare. A defence to the piers of bridges. STARPA'VED, stlr'-pav'd. a. Studded with stars. Milton. STARPROO'F, stlr'-proSf. a. [star and proof] Im- pervious to starlight. STAR-READ. n. s. [star and read.] Doctrine of tho stars ; astronomy. Spenser. STA'RRED, starr 'd. 359. a. Influenced by the stars with respect to fortune. Sliakspeare. Decorated with stars. Milton. STA'RRY, siar'-re. 82. a. Decorated with stars ; abounding with stars. Pope. Consisting of stars ; stellar. Spenser. Resembling stars. Sliakspeare STA'RSHOOT, star'-sh66t. n. s. [star and shoot.^ An emission from a star. Boyle. STA'RSTONE*, star'-sl6ne. n. s. A kind of stone having joints resembling the form of a star. Ray. To START §, start. 78. v. n. []-typan, Sax. Our word was anciently, stert.] To feel a sudden and involuntary twitch or motion of the animal frame, on the apprehension of danger. Bacon. To rise suddenly. White. To move with sudden quick- ness. Cleaveland. To shrink ; to winch. Shak. To deviate. Spenser. To set out from the barrier at a race. Boyle. To set out on any pursuit. Wal- ler. To START, start, v. a. To alarm ; to disturb sud- denly ; to startle. Shak. To make to start or fly hastily from a hiding place ; to rouse by a sudden disturbance. Shak. To bring into motion ; to pro- duce to view or notice ; to produce unexpectedly. Hammond. To discover ; to bring within pursuit. Temple. To put suddenly out of place. Wiseman. START, start. 7?.. s. A motion of terrour ; a sudden twitch or contraction of the frame from fear or alarm. Shak. A sudden rousing to action ; excite- ment. Shak. Sally ; vehement eruption ; sudden effusion. Shak. Sudden fit; intermitted action. Shak. A quick spring or motion ; a shoot ; a push. Bacon. First emission from the barrier; act of setting out. Shale. — To get ilu start. To begin be- fore another ; to obtain advact Age over another. Bacon. START* start, n. s. [pteopfc, Sax.] A tail : hence the name of the bird redstart ; the long handle of any thine:. STARTER, start'-fir. 98. n. s. One that shrinks from his purpose. Hudibras. One who suddenly moves a question or objection. A dog that rouses the frame. Delany. STA'RTING*. start'-lng. n. s. The act of starting. Donne. STA'RTING-HOLE* start'-fng-h6le. n. s. Eva- sion ; loophole. Martin. STA'RTINGLY, start' -mg-l£. 410. ad. By sudden fits ; with frequent intermission. Sliakspeare. STA'RTINGPOST, start'-ing-p6st. n. s. [start and post.] Barrier from which the race begins. To STA'RTLE, star'-tl. 405. v. n. [from start.) To shrink : to move on feeling a sudden impression of alarm e>r terrour. Dryden. To STA'RTLE, star To fright ; to shock to impress with sudden terrour, surprise, or alarm. Milton,. To deter; to make to deviate. Clarendon. STA'RTLE, star'-tl. n. s. Sudden alarm ; shock ; sudden impression of terrour. Spectator. STARTUP, start '-up. n. s. [start and up.] A kind of high shoe ; a galage. Bp. Hall. One that comes suddenly into notice. Sliakspeare. 875 STA STA \SOT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mei ;--plne, pin ;— STARTUP*, start'-fip. a. Suddenly come into no- tice. Warburton. To STARVE $, stan-. v. n. frfceanpian, Sax. ; sterven, Dutch.] To perish ; to be destroyed. Fairfax. To perish with hunger. Locke. To be killed with cold. Sandys. To suffer extreme pov- erty. Pope. To be destroyed with cold. Wood- ward. To STARVE, starv. v. a. To kill with hunger. Shak. To subdue by famine. Shak. To kill with cold. Milton. To deprive of force or vigour. Locke. STA'RVELING, starving. 410. n.s. [from starve.] An animal thin and weaK for want of nourishment. Shakspeare. STA'RVELING, starv'-lfng. a. Hungry ; lean ; pin- ing. Phi/lips. STA'RWORT, star'-wart. n. s. A plant ; elecam- pane. Miller. STATARY, sta'-ta-re. 512. a. {status, Lat.] Fixed 5 settled. Brown. STATE §, state, n. s. [status, Lat.] Condition; cir- cumstances of nature or fortune. Milton. Modifi- cation of any thing. Boyle. Stationary point ; cri- sis ; height ; point from which the next movement is regression. Brown, [estat, Fr.] Estate ; sign- iory; possession. Daniel. Mode of government. Selden. The community ; the publick ; the com- monwealth. Shak. — Single state. Individuality. Shak. — Civil power ; not ecclesiastical. Leslie. A republick ; a government not monarchical. Dry- den. Rank ; condition ; quality. Shak. Solemn pomp; appearance of greatness, [staet, Su. Goth.] Roscommon. Dignity ; grandeur. Bacon. A seat of dignity. Shak. A canopy ; a covering of digni- ty. Bacon. A person of high rank. — Wits, Fits, and Fancies. The principal persons in the govern- ment. Milton. — Joined with another word, it signi- fies publick : as, sfote-affairs. Bacon. To STATE, state, v. a. [constater, Fr.] To settle ; to regulate. Decay if Chr. Piety. To represent in all the circumstances of modification. Hammond. (STATEDLY*, sta'-tgd-le. ad. Regularly ; not occa- sionally. Philoioph. Lett, on Physiognom. STATELINESS, slate'-le-nes. n.s. Grandeur ; ma- jestick appearance ; august manner 3 dignity. South. Appearance of pride; affected dignity. Beaumont. STATELY., state'-le. a. [stietelig, Su. Goth.] Au- gust ; grand; lofty; elevated; majcstick ; magnif- icent. Shakspeare. Elevated in mien or sentiment. Dryden. STATELY, state'-]*, ad. Majestically. Milton. STATEMENT*, state'-ment. n. s. The arrange- ment of a series of facts or circumstances. Malone. The facts or circumstances so arranged ; the thing stated. Malone. STATEMONGER*, state'-mung-gur. n. s. [state and monger, .] One who is versed in the arts of gov- ernment : perhaps in contempt for an over-busy politician. Ld. Keeper Williams. STATEROOM, state'-roSm. n. s. A magnificent room in a palace or great house. STATES, stats, n. s. pi. Nobility. Shakspeare. STATESMAN, suW-man. 88. n.s. A politician; one versed in the arts of government. B. Jonson. One employed in publick affairs. Sliak. One who occupies his own estate ; a small landholder. STATES WOMAN, stats'-wum-un. n.s. A woman who meddles with publick affairs : in contempt. B. Jonson. STATICAL, stat'-te-kal. )a. Relatingto the science STATICK. stat'-lfk. 509. S of weighing. Broicn. STATICKS, stat'-rfks. n. s. [cranur,, Gr. ; statique, Fr.] The science which considers the weight of bodies. Bentley. STATION §, sta'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr. ; statio, Lat.] The act of standing. Hooker. A state of rest. Brown. A place where any one is placed. Hay ward. Post assigned; office. Milton. Situation; position. Creech. Employment; office. Nelson. Charac- ter; state. Milton. Rank; condition of life. Dry- den. To STATION, sta'-shun. v. a. To place in a c*r tain post, rank, or place. Ld. Lyiteiton. STATIONARY, sta'-sh&n-a-re. a. [stationnave, Fr.] Fixed ; not progressive. Wotton. Respecting place. Brown. Belonging to a stationer. §^T This word, though not noticed by Johnson, is used to signify the goods of a stationer: such as books, paper and other commodities for writing. The reason why a seller of paper is called a stationer, is, that formerly the sellers of paper were itinerants or pediers ; and that, as the trade became more important, they took a stand or station, which gave a name to the profession W. STATIONER, sta'-sh&n-ur. 98. n. s. A bookseller Dryden. A seller of paper. STATISM*, sta'-tlzm. n. s. Policy ; the arts of gov- ernment. South. STATIST, sta'-tist. n. s. A statesman ; a politician ; one skilled in government. Shakspeare. STATISTICAL*, sta-tfs'-te-kal. )a. Political. STATFSTICK* sta-tls'-tik. $ This word, as well as the substantive, is of very recent date in our language. STATFSTICKS* sta-tfs'-tfks. n. s. That part of municipal philosophy, which states and defines the situation, strength, and resources, of a nation. STATUARY, stat'-tshu-a-re. n.s. [statuaire, Fr. ; statua, Lat.] The art of carving images or repre sentations of life. Hakewill. One that practises or professes the art of making statues. Addison. STATUE §, stat'-tshu. 463. n. s. [statue, Fr. ; i Lat.] An image; a solid representation of any liv- ing being. Sliakspeare. To STATUE, stat'-tshu. v. a. To place as a statue ; to form as a statue. Shakspeare. 7 T oSTATU / MlNATE*,sta-tu / -me-nate. v. a. [statu- mino, Lat.] To support; to underprop. B. Jonson. Oh. T. STATURE §, stat'-tshure. 463. n.s. [Fr.; statura. Lat.] The height of any animal. Brown. STATURED*; stat'-tslmrd. a. Arrived at full stat- ure. J. Hall. STATUTABLE, stat'-tshu- ta-bl. a. According to statute. Addison. STAT UT ABLY, stat'-tshis-ta-ble. ad. In a manner agreeable to law. Warlon. STATUTE §, stai'-tshute. 463. n, s. [statut, Fr. ; statutum, Lat.] A law ; an edict of the legislature. Spenser. STATUTORY*, stat'-tshu-tur-e. a. Enacted by statute. Dr. Johnson. STAUNCH*. See Stanch. To STAVE §, stave, v. a. To break in pieces: used originally of barrels made of small parts or staves. Dryden. To push away as with a staff. B. Jonson. To pour out by breaking the cask. Sandys. To furnish with rundles or staves. Knolles. To STAVE, stave, v. n. To fight with staves. Hu- dibras. To STAVE and Tail. v. n. To part dogs, by inter- posing a staff, and by pulling the tail. Hudibras. STAVE*, stave, n. s. A metrical portion; a staff; a common term for the verse of one of the psalms ap- pointed to be sung. STAVES, stavz. n.s. The plural of staff. Spenser. STA'VESACRE, stavz'-a-kur. n.s. Larkspur: a plant. To STAYS, sta. 220. v.n. [staa, Su. Goth. ; staen, Dutch.] To continue in a place ; to forbear depar- ture. Shak. To continue in a state. Dryden. To wait ; to attend ; to forbear to act. Ruth, \. To stop ; to stand still. Spenser. To dwell ; to oelong. Dryden. To rest confidently, lsa. xxx. To wait ; to give ceremonious or submissive attendance. Shakspeare. To STAY, sta. v. a. To stop ; to withhold ; to re- press. Hooker. To delay ; to obstruct ; to hinder from progression. Spenser. To keep from depar ture. St. Luke, iv. To wait for ; to stay for. Spev ser. [estaijer, Fr.] To prop ; to support ; to hold up Hooker. STAY, sta n.s. [estaye,Fr.] Continuance in a place 876 STE STE -no, mSve, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull 3 611; — p6und; — tlnn, th'is. forbearance of departure. Shak. Stand ; cessation of progression. Bacon. A stop ; an obstruction ; a hinderance from progress. Fairfax. Restraint ; prudence; caution; discreet steadiness; sobriety of judgement. Spenser. A fixed slate. Donne. A prop ; a support. Hooker. Tackling. Pope. Steadi- ness of conduct. STA'YED, stade. 222. part. a. Fixed; settled; seri- ous; not volatile. Bacon. STA'YEDLY, stade'-le. ad. Composedly; gravely ; prudently ; soberly ; calmly ; judiciously. ST A' YEDNESS, stade'-nes. n. s. Solidity; weight. Camden. Composure; prudence; gravity; judi- ciousness. Whately. STA'YER, sta'-ur. 98. n. s. One who stops, holds, or supports. A. Philips. STA'YLACE, sta'-lase. n.s. A lace with which wo- men fasten their bodice. Swift. STA'YLESS*. sta'-les. a. Without stop or delay. Mirror for Magistrates. STA'YMAKER*, sta'-ma-kur. n. s. One that follows the trade of making stays. Spence. STAYS, staze. n.s. [without a singular] Bodice; a kind of stiff waistcoat made of whalebone, worn by women. Gay. Ropes in a ship to keep the mast from falling aft. Harris, [yfcabe, Sax.] Station; fixed anchorage. Sidney. Any support ; any thing that keeps another extended. Dryden. To STAW*, staw. v. n. {stout, Su. Goth.] To be fixed or set; to stand still. Applied to a cart when fixed in a rut ; and to the stomach, when it is cram- med. STEAD, sted, being in the name of a place that is distant from any river, comes from the Sax. ]*teb, rtyb, a place ; but if it be upon a river, or har- bour, it is to be derived from ptaSe, a shore or station for ships. Gibson. STEAD §, sted. 234. [See Instead.] n. s. [stad, Goth. ; ]*fceb, Sax. ; sted, Dan. and Germ. ; stede, Dutch.] Place. Spenser. Room ; place which another had or might have. Hooker. Use ; help. The frame of a bed. Dryden. — To stand in stead. To be ofgreat use ; to help ; to advantage. Hooker. To STEAD, sted. v. a. To help ; to advantage ; to support ; to assist. Sidney. To fill the place of an- other. Shakspeare. Ob. J. STEADFAST §, sted'-fSst. a. [ r fcebpa r te, Sax.] Fast in place; firm; fixed. Spenser. Constant;! resolute. 1 Peter, v. Not turned aside by fear. ' Dryden. STEADFASTLY, sted'-fast-le. ad. Firmly ; con- stantly. South. STEADFASTNESS, sted'-fast-nes. n. s. Immuta- bility; fixedness. Spenser. Firmness; constancy; resolution. STEADILY, sted'-e-le. ad. Without tottering ; with- out shaking. South. Without variation or irregu- larity. Blackmore. STEADINESS; suM'-e-nes. n. s. [ r tebi$ny] T e r Sax.] State of being not tottering nor easily shak- en. Firmness ; constancy. Arbuthnot. Consistent, unvaried conduct. ' V Estrange. STEADY, sted'-e. a. [rtebiS, Sax.] Firm; fixed; not tottering. Sidney. Regular; constant; uiide- viating; unremitted. Milton. Not wavering; not fickle ; not changeable with regard to resolution or attention. Milton. To STEADY*, suld'-e. v. a. To make steady. White. STEAK, stake. 240. n. s. [rticce, Sax.] A slice of flesh broiled or fried ; a coilop. Tatler. To STEAL §, stele. 227. v. a. preterit I stole; part, pass, stolen, [stilan, Goth. ; stela, Icel. ; fteelan, Sax.] To take by theft; to take clandestinely; to take without right. Shak. To withdraw or convey without notice. Spenser. To gain or effect by pri- vate and gradual means. Shakspeare. To STEAL, stele. t>. n. To withdraw privily ; to pass silently. Sidney. To practise theft; to play the thief. Locke. STEADER, ste'-lur. 98. n. s. One who steals ; a thief. Sliakspeare. STEALINGLY, ste'-tfng-le. 410. ad. Slyly; by in- visible motion. By secret practice. Sidney. STEALTH §, stekVi. 234, 515. n. s. The act of steal- ing; theft. Spenser. The thing stolen. Spenser. Secret act ; clandestine practice. — By stealth means secretly ; clandestinely ; and is often used in a good sense. Hooker. STEADTHY, steW-e. a. Done clandestinely; per- formed by stealth. Sliakspeare. STEAM §, steme. 227. n. s. [yfceme, Sax.] The smoke or vapour of any thing moist and hot. Ba- con. To STEAM, steme. v.n. [rfceman. Sax.TTo smoke or vapour with moist heat. Philips. To send up vapours. Milton. To pass in vapours. Spenser. To STEAM*, steme. v. a. To exhale; to evaporate. Spenser. STEAN,stene. n.s. [ptena, Sax.] A vessel of stone ; ajar. Spenser. STEATO'MA, sle-a-t6'-ma. n. s. [a-mr^a.] A species of wen. Shai'p. Itey* 5 sl *- \ n - s - A ladder - STEED, steed. 246. n.s. [ r tebe, Sax.] A horse for state or war. Shakspeare. STEEL §, steel. 246. n. s. [rfcal, rfcyte. Sax. ; siael, Dutch ; stal, Icel. ; a stel, Su. Goth.] A kind of iron, refined and purified by the fire with other ingre- dients, which renders it white, and its grain closer and finer than common iron. Steel is susceptible of the greatest degree of hardness, when well tem- pered ; whence its great use in the making of tools and instruments of all kinds. Chambers. It is often used metonymicaliy for weapons or armour. Shak. Chalybeate medicines. Arbuthnot. It is used pro- verbially for hardness: as, heads of steel. STEEL, steel, a. Made of steel. Chapman. To STEEL, steel, v. a. To point or edge with steel Shak. To make hard or firm. It is used, if it be applied to the mind, very often in a bad sense. Shakspeare. STEED Y, stee'-le. a. Made of steel. Shak. Hard ; firm ; unmoved ; unfeeling. Sidney. STEED YARD, steel/-yard. n. s. [steel and yard.] - A kind of balance, in which the weight is moved along an iron rod, and grows heavier as it is re- moved farther from the fulcrum. Warton. 2c5=This word, in common usage among those who weigh heavy bodies, has contracted its double e into single i, and is pronounced as if written stilyard. This con- traction is so common in compound words of this kind as to become an idiom of pronunciation, which cannot be easily counteracted without opposing the current of the language. — See Principles, No. 515, and the word Knowledge. W. STEEN, I cl n ( 72. s. A vessel of clav or stone. STE AN, ( steen ' 1 See Stean. STEE'NKIRK*, steen'-kerk. n. s. Formerly a cant term for a neckcloth. King. STEEP §, steep. 246. a. [f fceap, Sax. ; steypa, Su. Goth.] Rising or descending with great inclina- tion ; precipitous. Ezekiel, xxxviii. STEEP, steep, n. s. Precipice; ascent or descent approaching to perpendicularity. Milton. To STEEP, steep, v. a. [stippen, Dutch.] To soak; to macerate; to imbue; to dip. Spenser. STEETINESS*, ste'-pe-nes. n. & State or quality of being steep. Howell. STEETLE §, stee'-pl. 405. n. s. [rfcepel, yfcypej, Sax.] A turret of a church generally furnished with bells; a spire. Shakspeare. STEE'PLED*, stee'-pld. a. Towered ; adorned as with towers. Fairfax. STEETLEHOUSE*, stee'-pl-htfuse. n. s. A term given by separatists to the churches of the estab fished religion. Featleif. STEE' PLY. steepMe. a2. With precipitous declivity STEE'PNESS, steep'-nes. n. s. Precipitous declivi ty. Brerewood. STEE'PY, steep'-e. a. Having a precipitous decliv* ty : a poetical word for steep. Wottov. 5rr~ STEER, steer. 246. n.s. f stiurs, Goth.; ptype 877 STE STE \W 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mSt;— pine, pin;— r teop., Sax. ; ^ier, Germ.] A young bullock. Spenser. To STEER $, steer, u. a. [stiuran, Goth. ; -rteopan, j*fcyjian, Sax. ; stieren, Dutch.] To direct ; to guide in a passage : originally used of a ship, but applied to other things. Gower. To STEER, steer. 246. v. n. To direct a course at sea. Milton. To conduct himself. STEER*, steer, n. s. The instrument at the stern of a vessel by which its course is regulated. Gower. STEERAGE, steerMdje. 90. n. s. The act or prac- tice of steering. Spectator. Direction ; regulation of a course. Sliak. That by which any course is guided. Dryden. Regulation, or management of any thing. Swift. The stern or hinder part of the ship. STEERER*, sleer'-fir. n. s. A steersman ; a pilot. Pearson. STEE'RLESS* steer'-les. a. Having no steer or rudder. Gower. STEERSMATE, steerz'-mate. ) n. s. [r-teeoner-- STEERSMAN, sleerz'-man. 88. \ mon, Sax.] A pilot. Mirror for Magistrates. STEG §*, steV. n. s. [stegge, Icel.] A gander. STEGANO'GRAPHIST, steg-a-nog'-ra-fist. n. s. [c-eyavds and ypdu).~] One who practises the art of secret writing. Bailey. STEGANO GRAPHY, steg-a-n6g ; -graf-fe. 518. n. s. [creyavbg and ypd$io.~\ The art of secret writing by characters or ciphers, intelligible only to the persons who correspond one with another. Burton. STEGNO'TICK, sl%-n6l'-tik. 509. a. [orey varies.] Binding; rendering costive. Bailey. STE'LE n. s. [r-tela, Sax. ; stele, Dutch.] A stalk; a handle. STE'LLARS, steT-lar. 88. a. [from stella.] Astral; starry. Stuke- relating to the stars. Milton. STERLARY*, stel'-lar-e. a. Astral ; ley. STERLATE, steF-late. a. [stellatus, Lat.] Pointed in the manner of a painted star. Boyle. STELLA'TION, stel-la'-shftn. n.s. Emission of light as from a star. STEELED, stel'-lSd. a. Starry. Sliakspeare. STELLPFEROUS, stel-llf -fer-fis. a. [stella and Ze- ro, Lat J Having stars. Diet. To STERLIFY*, stel'-le-fl. v. a. [stella and facio, Lat.] To make a star; to turn into a star. Chaucer. STERLION, stel'-yun. n. s. [stellio, Lat.] A newt. Ainsworth . STE LLIONATE, stel'-yun-ate. n. s. [stellionai, Fr. ; stellionatus, Lat.] A kind of crime which is com- mitted by a deceitful selling of a thing otherwise than it really is : as if a man should sell that for his own estate which is actually another man's. Bacon. STELO'GRAPHY*, stel-Ag'-ra-fe. n.s. [arr,\oypa- .} The art of writing in short hand. Feltham. 'STENT*, stent, v. a. To re o » l 'H.i\ i ',*, stem. v. a. ±o restrain; to stint. See Stint. Spenser. STENTORIAN*, sten-uV-re-an. a. Loud; uncom- monly loud. Sir T. Herbert. STENTOROPHO NICK, sten-t6-r6-fonMk. a. [from Stentor, the Homerical herald, whose voice was as loud as that of fifty men, and 6uvr), a voice.] Loudly speaking or sounding. Hudihras. To STEP§, step. v. it. [ftaeppan, Sax. ; stappen, Dutch.] To move by a single change of the place of the foot. Wilkins'. To advance by a sudden progression. John, v. To move mentally. Watts. To go; to walk. Shak. To come as it were by chance. Addison. To take a short walk. Shak. To walk gravely, slowly, or resolutely. Knolles. STEP, sl£p. 7i. s. []-t£ep, Sax.; slap, Dutch.] Pro- gression by one removal of the foot. Shale. One remove in climbing ; hold for the foot ; a stair. Knolles. Quantity of space passed or measured by one removal of the foot. Arbuthnot. A small length ; a small space. 1 Sam. xx. Walk ; passage : in the plural. Dryden. Gradation ; degree. Per- kins. Progression ; act of advancing. Newton. Footstep ; print of the foot. Dryden. Gait ; manner of walking. Prior. Action ; instance of conduct Pope. STEP, in composition, signifies one who is related only by marriage : as, a step-mother, [ytseop, Sax., from j-fcepan, to deprive, or make an orplian.] Hooker. STERPING*, step'-pfng. n. s. The act of going for- ward by steps. More. STERP1NGSTONE, step'-plng-stine. n. s. Stone laid to catch the foot, and save it from wet or dirt. Steffi. STER*. Used in composition : as, webster, maltster, spinster, &c. [rfceone, Sax.] STERCORA'CEOUS §, ster-ko-ra'-shus. 357. a. [stercorosus, Lat.] Belonging to dung; partaking of the nature of dung. Arbuthnot. STERCORA / TION,stgr-k6-ra / -shan.n.s. [stercora, ' Lat.] The act of dunging ; the act of manuring with dung. Bacon. STEREOGRARHICK* ste-re-6-graf-?k. a. Delin- eated on a plane ; done according to the rules of stereography. Reid. STEREOGRAPHY, ste-re-og'-graf-fe. 518. n. s. [orepsbs and ypdc5w.] The art of drawing the forms of solids udoii a plane. Harris. STEREO'METRY, ste-re-om'-ane-tre. 518. n. s [cTepebs and pmira.] The art of measuring all sorts of solid bodies. Harris. STEREO TOMY*. ste-re-6t / -t6-me.n.s. [arepebs and rc/u/fe).] The art of cutting solids; as, walls, arch- es. &,c. STEREOTYPE*, suV-re-6-tlpe, n. s. [creptis and TVTTog.~\ A multiform solid type; a type-metal plate to print from at the letter-press : the art of making type-metal plates, or other solid multiform types. STEREOTYPE*, ste'-re-d-ttoe. )a. Pertain- STEREQTYP1CK*, ste-re-6-tip'-ik. $ ing to ste- reotype. Entick. To STEREOTYPE*, ste-re-6-tipe. v. a. To make type-metal plates to print from at the letter-pres^ or any other multiform solid types. Entick. STEREOTYFER*, ste'-re-6-ti-pur. n.s. One who stereotypes. Entick. STEREOTYPO'GRAPHER* ste-re-o-te-pog'-ra- fur. n. s. A stereotype printer. Entick. STEREOTYPO'GRAPHY*, ste-re-6-te-pog'-r&. fe. n. s. The art of stereotype printing. Entick. STE'RILE §, ster'-rfl. a. [sterile, Fr.', sterilis, Lat., from vTtipos, Gr.] Barren; unfruitful; not produc- tive; wanting fecundity. Shakspeare. STERFL1TY, ste-rll'-e-te. n. s. [sterilite, Fr. ; sterile Has, Lat.] Barrenness ; want of fecundity; unfruite fulness. Bacon. To STERILIZE, steV-ril-lze. v. a. To make bar* ren; to deprive of fecundity, or the power of pro- duction. Woodward. STERLING §, sterMing. 410. a. [from the Easter* lings, who were employed as coiners.] An epithet by which genuine English money is discriminated Bacon. Genuine ; having past the test. Swift. STERLING. steV-llng. n.s. [sterlingwn, low Lat.] English coin; money. Standard rate. Leake. STERN §, stern, a. [rfcypn, Sax.] Severe of coun- tenance ; truculent of aspect. Sliak. Severe of 878 ST1 STI -n6, m3ve, nor, not;— tube, tub, bull;— oil 5 — pound;— tliin, Tuis. manners ; harsh ; unrelenting- ; cruel. Skak. Hard ; afflictive. Shakspeare. STERN, stern, n. s. [stiorna, Ice!.] The hind part of the ship where the rudder is placed. Watts. Post of management ; direction. Sitak. The hinder part of any thing. Spenser STE'RNAGE, slernMdje. 90. n. s. The steerage or stern. Shakspeare. Ob. J. STE'RNED*, sternd. a. Having a particular kind of stern : a naval expression : as, a squar e-stenied, or a p\nk-sterned vessel. STE RNLY, stern'-le. ad. [pfcypnlice, Sax.] In a stern manner ; severely ; truculently. Chapman. STE'RNNESS, stern'-nes. n. s. Severity of look. Spenser. Severity or harshness of manners. Dry- den. STE'RNON, ster'-non. 166. n. s. |Wpvov.] The breast-bone. Wiseman. STERNUTA'TION §, ster-nu-ta'-shun. n. s. [sternu- tatio, Lat J The act of sneezing. Quincy. STERN U'TATIVE, sler-mV-ta-t?v. a. [sternutatif, Fr.] Having the quality of provoking to sneeze. STERNUTATORY, ster-mV-ta-tfir-e. 512, 557. [See Domestick.] n. s. [stermdatoire, Fr.] Medi- cine that provokes to sneeze. Brown. STERQLTLFNOUS*, steV-kwe-ll'-nus. a. [sterqui- linium, Lat.] Mean; dirty; pallry. Howell. Ob. T. ToSTERVE*, stCrve. v. n. [pteeripian, Sax. 5 sler- fen, Germ.] To perish ; to starve. Spenser. Ob. T. STEWEN, ste'-vn. n. s. [ptepen, Sax.] A cry, or loud clamour. Spenser. To STEW (j, stu. v. a. [estuver, Fr ; stoven, Dutch.] To seethe any thing in a slow, moist heat, with little water. Shakspeare. To STEW, stu. v. n. To be seethed in a slow, moist heat. STEW, stu. n. s. [estuve, Fr. ; stufa, Ilal.] A bagnio; a hot-house. Spenser. A brothel; a house of pros- titution. Ascham. A prostitute. Sir A. Weldon. [slowen, Dutch.] A store-pond ; a small pond where fish are kept for the table. Cliaucer. Meat stewed : as, a stew of veal, beef, or the like. Shak. Confusion : as when the air is full of dust, smoke, or steam. Gross. STEWARD S.suV-fird. 88. n. s. [pfcipapb, Sax.] One who manages the affairs of another. Spenser. An officer of sl-ue. Shakspeare. To STE' WARD*, stu'-Qrd. v. a. To manage as a steward. Fuller. STEWARDSHIP, stiV-urd-shlp. n. s. The office of a steward. Shakspeare. STE'WISH*, stu'-ish. a. Suiting the brothel or stews Bp. Hall. STE'WPAN, sttV-pan. n. s. A pan used for stewing. STI'BIAL, suV-be-al. a. [stibium, Lat.] Antirno- nial. Harvey. STIBLVRIA'N, suVe-a'-re-an. n. s. [stibium, Lat.] A violent man; from the violent operation of aiili- monv. Wliite. Oh. J. STIBIUM*, stnV-e-um. n. s. [Lat.] Antimony. Collop. STI'CADOS, stnV-a-dos. n. s. [sticadis, Lat ] An herb. Ainsworth. STICH*, stlk. n. s. [or/^o?.] A stick, in poetry, is a verse, whatsoever kinds or parts it may consist of: a verse is a measured line of any length. In rural affairs, a stick is an order or rank of trees ; and a verse a furrow. This term is used in num- bering- the books of Scripture. STICHO'METRY*, ste-kom'-e-tre. n.s. [aTi X og and jikrpov.\ A catalogue of books of Scripture, to which is added the number of the verses which each book contains. lardner. STICK, stlk. 400. n.s. [pfcicca, Sax.] Apiece of wood small and long. Bacon. Many instruments long and slender are called sticks, [stick, Swed.] A thrust ; a stab. To STICK §, stfk. v.a. preterit stuck ; part, passive stuck, [pfcican, pfcician, Sax.] To fasten on so as that it may adhere. Dryden. To STICK, stlk. v. n. To adhere ; to unite itself by its tenacity or penetrating power. Ezek. xxix. To be inseparable ; to be united with anything. Shak. To rest upon the memory painfully. Bacon. To stop; to lose motion. Kett/ewell. To resist emis- sion. Skak. To be constant to; to adhere with firmness. Hammond. To be troublesome by ad- hering. Pope. To remain; not to be lost. Watts. To dwell upon ; not to forsake. Locke. To cause difficulties or scruple. Swift. To scruple ; to hes- itate. Bacon. To be stopped ; to be unable to pro- ceed. Shuk. To be embarrassed ; to be puzzled Locke. — To stick out. To be prominent with de- formity. Job, xxxiii. To refuse compliance. To STICK §, silk. v. a. [ptician, Sax.; sticken, Teut.] To stab ; to pierce with a pointed inslru ment. Grew. To fix upon a pointed body; as, He stuck the fruit upon his knife. To fasten by trans fixion. Dryden. To set with something pointed. Dryden. STPCK1NESS, stlk'-ke-nes. n.s. Adhesive quality; viscosity ; glutinousness ; tenacity. To STFCKLE §, stuV-kl. 405. v.n. [from the prac tice of prizefighters, who. placed seconds with staves or sticks to interpose occasionally.] To take part with one side or other. Hudibras. To contest , to altercate; to contend rather with obstinacy than vehemence. Cleaveland. To trim ; to play fast and loose ; to act a part between opposites. Dryden. To STFCKLE*, stlk'-kl. v. a. To arbitrate. Dray- ton. STFCKLEBAG, stfk'-kl-btg. n. s. [properly stickle- back.'] The smallest of fresh-water fish. Walton. STICKLER, stik'-kl-fir. 98. n.s. A sidesman to fencers; a second to a duellist; one who stands to judge a combat ; an arbitrator. Sidney. An obsti nate contender about any thing. Boyle. A smaP officer who cut wood for the priory of Ederose with in the king's parks of Clarendon. Cowel. STFCKY, slik'-ke. a. Viscous ; adhesive ; glutinous. Bacon. STFDDY* st?d'-de. n. s. [stedia, Icel.] An anvil , also, a smith's shop. STIFFS, stiff, a. [rfeip, Sax.; stiff, Dan.; sly/, Swed.] Rigid ; inflexible ; resisting flexure ; not - flaccid; not limber; not easily flexible; not pliant. Milton. Not soft ; not giving way ; not fluid ; not easily yielding to the touch. Dryden. Strong; not easily resisted. Denham. Hardy ; stubborn ; not easily subdued. Shak. Obstinate ; pertinacious. Hooker. Harsh ; not written with ease ; constrain- ed. GondibeH. Formal ; rigorous in certain cere- monies ; not disengaged in behaviour ; starched ; affected. Addison. Strongly maintained, or as- serted with good evidence. Shakspeare. To STFFFEN, sllf-f 7 n. 103. v.a. [pfcipian,Sax.J To make stiff; to make inflexible ; to make unpli- ant. 2 Ckron. xxxvi. To make torpid. Dryden and Lee. To STIFFEN, stlf'-f n. t;. n. To grow stiff*; to grow rigid ; to become unpliant. Dryden. To grow hard ; to be hardened. Dryden. To grow less sus- ceptive of impression ; to grow obstinate. Dryden. STFFFHEARTED, stlff-hart'-ed. a. Obstinate; stubborn ; contumacious. Ezek. ii. STI'FFLY, stiflf-le. ad. Rigidly ; inflexibly ; stub- bornly. Hooker. Strongly. Sfiakspeare. STFFFNECKED, stiff 7 -nekt. 366. a. [stiff and neck.] Stubborn; obstinate: contumacious. Spensei-. STFFFNESS, slirF-nes. n. s. [prjipneppe, Sax.] Rigidity ; inflexibility ; hardiness ; ineptitude to bend. Bacon. Ineptitude to motion; torpidness Denkam. Tension ; not laxity. Dryden. Obstina cy; stubbornness; contumaciousne>s. Wotton. Un pleasing formality ; constraint. Atterbury. Rigo rousness; harshness. Spenser. Manner of writing, not easv, but harsh and constrained. Felton. To STI'FLE §, sll'-fl. 405. v. a. [estonfer, Fr.] To oppress or kill by closeness of air ; to suffocate Milton. To keep in ; to hinder from emission Newton. To extinguish by hindering communica tion. To extinguish bv artful or gent.e means. Ad dison. To suppress ; to conceal. Otway To sup press artfully cr fraudulently. Rogers, 87a STI STI \£T 559.— Fate, fir, fill, fat ;— me, mSt 5— pine, pin 5- STFFLE*, stl'-fl. n. s. The first joint above a horse's thigh next the buttock. Mason. STI FLEMENT*, stl'-fl-ment. n. s. Something that might be suppressed or concealed. Brewer. To STIGH*. See To Sty. STFGMA5, stlg'-ma. 92. n. s. [stigma, Lai.] A brand ; a mark with a hot iron. A mark of infa- my. Sir G. Buck. STIGMA'TICAL, stig-mat'-te-kal. ) a. Branded STI'GMATICK, sllg-mat'-ilk. 509. $ or marked with some token of infamy, or deformity. Sliak- speare. STFGMATICK* sllg-mat'-tlk, or stlg'-ma-tfk. n. s. A notorious, lewd fellow, who hath been burnt with a hot iron j or beareth other marks about him, as a token of his punishment. Bullokar. One on whom nature has set a mark of deformity. Steevens. STIGMA'TICALLY*, stig-mat'-e-kal-le. ad. With a mark of infamy or deformity. Wonder of a King- dom. To STFGMATIZE, stlg'-ma-tlze. v a. [siigmaiiser , Fr.] To mark with a brand; to disgrace with a note of reproach. Burton. STFLAR, stl'-lar. a. Belonging to tl»<; stile of a dial. Moxon. STILE, stile, n. s. [rxi^ele, from yti^an, Sax.] A set of steps to pass from one enclosure to an- other. Sliak. [stile, Fr.] A pin to cast the shad- ow in a sun-dial. This should rather be style. Moxon. See Style. STILE'TTQ, st\l-\h'-\6. n.s. [Ital.j stilet, Fr.] A small dagger, of which the blade is not edged, but round, with a sharp point. Hakewill. To STILLS, still, v. a. [r-fcillan, Sax. ; stillen, Dut. ; stillen, Germ.] To silence ; to make silent. Shak. To quiet; to appease. Bacon. To make motion- less. Woodward. STILL, still, a. [rfeille, Sax. ; slil, Dutch.] Silent; "' making no noise. Sliak. Quiet ; calm. Spenser. Motionless. Sidney. Continual ; constant. Shak. Gentle; not loud. 1 Kings, xix. STILL, still. n.s.[stille, Germ.] Calm; silence. Shak. STILL, still, ad. [ r fcille, Sax.] To this time; till now. Bacon. Nevertheless ; notwithstanding. Ad- dison. In an increasing degree. South. Always; ever ; continually. Hooker. After that. Wliitgift. In continuance. Sliakspeare. STILL §, still, n. s. [from distil.] A vessel for dis- tillation ; an alembick. Cleaveland. To STILL, still, v. a. To distil ; to extract or ope- rate upon by distillation. Barret. To STILL, still, v.n. [stillo, Lat.] To drop; to fall in drops. Clvxpman. Ob. J. STILL-LIFE*, stil'-llfe. n. s. [a term in painting.] Things that have only vegetable life. 3lason. STILLATFTIOUS, stil-la-tish'-fis. a. [stillatitius, Lat.] Falling in drops ; drawn by a still. STFLLATORY, stil'-la-tur-e. 512, 557. n. s. [from still or distil.'] An alembick ; a vessel in which dis- tillation is performed. Bacon. The room in which stills are placed ; laboratory. Wotton. STFLLBORN, still'-born. a. [ r teille-bonene, Sax.] Born lifeless; dead in the birth. Sliakspeare. STFLLICIDE, stll'-le-slde. n. s. [stillicidium, Lat.] A succession of droDS. Bacon. STILLICFDIOUS, stll-le-sid'-e-&s. a. Falling in drops. Brown. STFLLING, stilMlng. n. s. The act of stilling. A stand for casks. STFLLNESS, stilK-n£s. n. s. [rfcillneyre, Sax.] Calm ; quiet ; silence ; freedom from noise. Sliak. Habitual silence ; taciturnity. Sliakspeare. STFLLSTAND. stll'-stand. n. s. [still and stand.] Absence of motion. Sliakspeare. STFLLY, stll'-le. ad. [rfcihce, Sax.] Silently ; not loudly; gently. Sliak. Calmly; not tumultuously. More. To STILT §* stilt, v. a. [stylta, Su. Goth.] To raise on stilts ; to make higher by stilts. Young. STILTS, stil's. n. s. [staula, Icel ; stylta, Su. Goth.] Supports on which boys raise themselves when they walk. Howell. STFMULANT*, stlm'-mu-lant. a. [slimulans, Lat.{ Stimulating. Falconer. STFMULANT*, sfim'-mu-lant. n. s. A stimulating medicine. Chambers. To STIMULATE §, stim'-mu-laLe. v. a. [stimulo, Lat.] To prick. To prick forward; to excite by some pungent motive. [In phy.sick.] To excite a quick sensation, with a derivation towards the part. Arbuthnot. STIMULATION, sflna-mu-la'-shan. n. s. [stimula- tio, Lat.] Excitement ; pungency. Bp. Ward. STFMULAT1VE*, stlm'-mu-la-tlv. a. Stimulating. Ash. STFMULATIVE*, sflm'-mn-la-tlv. n.s. A provoca- tive excitement ; that which stimulates. Malone. STFMULATOR*, st3m'-mu-la-tnr. n. s. One who stimulates. Scott. To STING §, sting, v. a. pret. stung, or stang ; part pass, stang, , or stung, [j-fcin^an, Sax.; stungen, Icel.] To pierce or wound with a point darted out, as that of wasps or scorpions. Sliak. To pain acutely. Pope. STING, sting, n. s. [rfcing, Sax.] A sharp point with which some animals are armed, and which is commonly venomous. Bacon. Any thing that gives pain. Forbes. The point in the last verse : as, the sting of an epigram. Dry den. Remorse of conscience. STFNGER*, sting'-fir. 409. n. s. Whatever stings or vexes. Sherwood. STFNGILY, stln'-ie-le. ad. Covetously. STFNG1NESS, stln'-je-nes. n. s. [from stingy.] Avarice; covetousness ; niggardliness. Goodman. STFNGLESS, stlngMes. a. Having no sting. Bp. Hall. STFNGO, stlng'-go. n. s. [from the sharpness of the taste.] Old beer. Addison. A cant word. STFNGY §, stin'-je. a. [chiche, old Fr.] Covetous ; niggardly ; avaricious. Goodman. A low word. ToiSTINKS. stingk. v.n. pret. stunk or dank. []'fcincan, Sax. ; stincken, Dutch.] To emit an offensive smell, commonly a smell of putrefaction. 2 Sam., x. STINK, stingk. 408. n.s. [ft inc. Sax.] Offensive smell. Bacon. STFNKARD, stlngk'-ard. 88. n.s. A mean, stink- ing, paltrv fellow. B. Jonson. STIN'KER, stlngk'-ur. 98. n. s. Something intend- ed to offend by the smell. Harvey. STFNKINGLY, stlngk'-lng-le. 410. ad. With a stink. Sliakspeare. STFNKPOT, stlngk'-p&t. n. s. [stink and pot] An artificial composition offensive to the smell. Harvey. To STINTS stint, v. a. [rfcmfcan, Sax. ; shjnta, Swed.; stunta, Icel.] To bound ; to limit; to con- tine ; to restrain ; to slop. Spenser. To STINT*, stint, v. n. To cease ; to stop ; to desist ; a northern expression. Sackville. STINT, stint, n. s. Limit ; bound ; restraint. Hooker* A proportion; a quantity assigned. Hooker. STINT*, stint, n. s. A small bird common about the sea shores in many parts of England. Chambers. STFNTANCE*. stint'-anse. n. s. Restraint ; stop- page. The London Prodigal. STFNTER, stlnt'-fir. n. s. Whatever or whoever stints, restrains, or cramps. South. STIPEND §, sd'-pend. n.s. [stipendium, Lat.] Wa- ges ; settled pay. B. Jonson. To STFPEND*, stl'-pend. v. a. To pay by settled wages. SJiclton. STIPENDIARY, stl-pen'-de-a-re, or stl-pen'-je-a- re. 293, 294, 376. a. Receiving salaries; perform- ing any service for a stated price. Knolles. STIPENDIARY, stl-pen'-de-a-re. n. s. [stipen- diaire, Fr.; stipendiaiius, Lat.] One who performs any service for a settled pavment. Abbot. To STPPPLE*, stlp'-pl. v. «. To engrave, not in stroke or line, but in dots. STFPTICK. See Styptics. To STFPULATE§, stlp'-pu-late. v. n. [stipulor, Lat.] To contract; to bargain; to settle terms Arbuthnot. STO STO — n6, move, n5r, not;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6?1 ;— pound ;— thin, THis. STIPULATION, stip-u-la'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Bar- gain. Fotherby. STIPULATOR, stlp'-u-la-tfir. n. s. One who con- tracts or bargains. Sherwood. To STIRS, stflr. 109. v. a. [ r tinian. Sax.] To move; to remove from its places. Temple. To agitate; to bring into debate. Bacon. To incite; to instigate; to animate. Shak. To raise; to ex- cite. Dryden. — To stir tip. To incite; to animate; te instigate by inflaming the passions. Spenser. To put in action ; to excite; to quicken. Isa. xiv. To STIR, stur. v. n. To move one's self; to go out of the place; to change place. Spenser. To be in motion ; not to be still ; to pass from inactivity to motion. To become the object of notice. Watts. To rise in the morning: a colloquial use. Shak. STIR, stur. n. s. [stur, Run. ; ystwrf noise, Welsh.] Tumult; bustle. Shak. Commotion; publick dis- turbance ; tumultuous disorder ; seditious uproar. Spenser. Agitation of thoughts; conflicting pas- sion. Sliakspeare. STFRABOUT*, suV-a-bSut. n. s. A Yorkshire dish, formed of oatmeal boiled in water to a certain consistency. Malone. STFRIOUS, stir'-e-us. a. [stiria, Lat.] Resembling icicles. Brown. STIRK*. SeeSTURK. STIRP, slei-p. 103. n. s. [stirps, Lat.] Race; family; generation. Spenser. Oh. J. STI RRAGE*, stur'-rfdje. n. s. Motion; act of stir- ring. Granger. STIRRER, stur'-rur. 98. n. s. One who is in mo- tion ; one who puts in motion. B. Jonson. A riser in the morning. Shak. An inciter ; an instigator. — Stirrer up. An inciter ; an instigator. Raleio-h. STFRRING*, suV-rlng. n.s. JjtijiinS, Sax.] The act of moving. Addison. STFRRUP, suV-rup. n. s. [ r ti£enap, Sax.] An iron hoop suspended by a strap, in which the horse- man sets his foot when he mounts or rides. Spenser. To STITCH S, stitsh. v. a. [sticke, Dan.; sticken, Dutch.] To sew; to work with a needle on any thing. To join ; to unite, generally wilh some de- gree of clumsiness or inaccuracy. Wotton. — To stitch up. To mend what was rent. Sidney. To STITCH, stitsh. v. n. To practise needle work. STITCH, stitsh= 77. s. A pass of the needle and thread through any thing, [j'fcician, Sax.] A sharp, lancinating pain. Sliak. A link of yarn in knitting. Motteux. Furrows or ridges. Chapman. STITCHERY. stitsh'-ur-e. n. s. Needlework. Shak. STFTCHWORT, stitsh'-wurt. n. s. Camomile. Ainsworth. STITHY, silth. a. [j-sifc, Sax.] Strong; stiff. Ray. STITH*, stlth. n. s. [rfciS, Sax.] An anvil. Chau- cer. STl'THY, sth-H'-e. n.s. A smith's shop ; and some- times merely an anvil, as in parts of the north of England. Sliakspeare. To STFTHY, stlTH'-e. 7j. a. To form on the anvil. Sliakspeare. To STIVER, stive, o. a. [supposed of the same orig- inal with stew.] To stuff up close. Sandys. To make hot or sultry. Wotton. STFVER, stl'-vur. n.s. [Dutch.] A Dutch coin about the value of a halfpenny. STOAT, st6te. n. s. A small stinking animal, of the weasel kind. Prior. STOCAH, st6'-ka. n. s. [Irish ; slochk, Erse.] An attendant; a wal!et-bov. Spenser. Ob. J. STOCCA'DE*, stok-ka.de'. n. s. [stockade, Teut.] An enclosure or fence made with pointed stakes. Mason. STOCCA'DO, stok-ka'-clo. [See Lumbago.] n. s. [e.itoccade, Fr.] A thrust with a rapier. Sluik. STOCKS, stok. n.s. [stock, Su. Goth. ; r toc, Sax. ; stock, Dutch.] The trunk ; the body of a plant. Spenser. The trunk into which a graft is inserted Bacon. A log ; a post. Wisd. A man pro- verbially stupid. Spenser. The handle of any thing. A support of a ship while it is building. Dryden. [stock, Teut.] A thrust ; a stoccado. Shak. Some- thing made of linen ; a cravat ; a close neck-cloth Anciently a cover for the leg, now stocking. Shak. A race ; a lineage ; a family. Shak. The princi- pal; capital store ; fund already provided. Bacon. Quantity ; store ; body. Arbuthnot. Cattle in gen- eral. Pegge. [stoqnes, old Fr.] A fund established by the government, of which the value rises and falls by artifice or chance. Swift. Prison for the legs ; commonly without singular. To STOCK, stok. v. a. To store ; to fill sufficiently. South. To lay up in store ; as, He stocks what he cannot use. [stecken, Teut.] To put in the stocks. Chaucer. To extirpate. Drayton. STOCKBROKER*, stok'-bro-kfir. n. s. One who deals in stock, or the publick funds. STOCKDOVE, stok'-dfiv. n. s. Ringdove. Dryden. STOCKFISH, stok'-fish. n. s. [stocTcevisch, Dutch.] Dried cod, so called from its hardness. Skelton. STOCKGPLLYFLOWER, stok-jil'-e-flM-ur. n. s. A plant. Miller. STOCKING S, stoking. 410. n. s. [ r tican, Sax.] The covering of the leg. Sliakspeare. To STOCKING, st6k'-ing. v. a. To dress in stock- ings. Dryden. STOCKISH, stok'-ish. a. Hard ; blockish. Shak. STOCKJOBBER, stok'-job-bur. n.s. [stock and job.] A low wretch who gets money by buying and selling shares in the funds. Swift. STOCKJOBBING*, stok'-job-bing. n.s. The act of buying and selling stock in the publick funds for the turn of the scale, or on speculation. Bp. Berke- ley. STOCKLOCK, stokM6k. n. s. Lock fixed in wood. Moron. STOCKS, stoks. n. s. [commonly without singular.] Prison for the legs. Stock is our old word for a fet- ter. Wicliffe. Wooden work upon which ships are built. Publick funds. STOCKSTPLL, stok'-stil. a. Motionless as logs Doxies. STOCKY*, stok'-e. a. Stout. Addison.. STO'ICAL*, sti'-e-kal. ) a. Of or belonging to the STOTCK*, suV-ik. \ Stoicks; cold"; stiff; au- - stere ; affecting to hold all things indifferent. Milton. STOICALLY*, suV-e-kal-le. ad. After the manner of the Stoicks ; austerely ; with pretended indiffer- ence to all things. Brown. STO'ICALNESS*, sto'-e-kal-nik n.s. The state of being stoical ; the temper of a Sloick. Scott. STOICISM*, st6 / -e-sizm. n. s. [stoicisme, Fr.] The opinions and maxims of the Stoicks. STO'ICK*, st^-ik. n. s. [ZrmKos, Gr. from crroa, a porch.] A disciple of the heathen philosopher Zeno, who taught under a piazza or portico in the city of Athens ; and maintained, that a wise man ought to be free from all passions, to be unmoved eitner by joy or grief, and to esteem all things governed by unavoidable necessity. Acts, xvii. STOKE, STOAK, stoke, [rtoc, Sax.] Locus ; place: hence the names of many of our towns, &c. as, Basingstoke. STO'KER* sto'-kur. n. s. One who looks after the fire in a brewhouse : a technical word. Green. STOLES, stole, n.s. [stola, Lat. ; pfcol, Sax.; stole, old Fr.] A long vest. Wicliffe. STOLE, stole. The preterit of steal. Pope. STO'LED*. st6 ; -l?d> or st6ld. a. Wearing a stole or long robe. G. Fletcher. STO'LEN, stol'n. 103. Participle passive of steal Prov. ix. STO'LID^st&l'-lld. a. [stolidus, Lat.] Stupid; fool- ish. Cockeram. STOLPDITY, sto-lid'-e-te. n. s. [stolidus, Lat.; sto- lidite, Fr.] Stupidity ; want of sense. Transl. of Boccalini. STO'MACHS, stum'-muk. 165, 353. n.s. [estomach Fr. ; stomachus, Lat.] The ventricle in which fooa is digested. Shak. Appetite; desire of food. Sluzk Inclination ; liking. Shak. [stomachus, Lat.] An* ger ; violence of temper. Spenser. Sullenness ; r* sentment ; stubbornness. Hooker. Pride haugK ness. Hooker. 881 STO STO IE? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;— To STO'MACH, stum'-muk. v. a. [stomacltor, Lat.] To resent ; to remember with anger and maligni- ty. Slw.kspea.re. To STO'MACH, st&m'-m&k. v. n. To be angry. Hooker. STOMACHAL* slAm'-mfik-al. a. [stomacal, Fr.] Cordial ; helping the stomach. Cotgrave. STOMACHED, stum'-mukl. 359. a. Filled with pas- sions of resentment. Sluikspeare. STOMACHER, stum'-ma-tshfir. n. s. An ornament- al covering worn by women on the breast. Is. in. STOMACHFUL, stiW-muk-ful. a. [stoinachosus, Lat.] Sullen ; stubborn ; perverse. Bp. Hall. STOMACHFULNESS, suW-muk-ful-nes. n. s. Stubbornness ; sullenness ; obstinacy. Granger. STOMA'CHICAL, sti-mak'-e-kal. ) a. [stomach- STOMA'CHICK, sto-mak'-lk. 509. S iq™, Fr.] Re- lating to the stomach; pertaining to the stomach. Harvey. STOMA'CHICK, st6-mak / -ik. n. s. A medicine for the stomach. $5= We not unfrequently hear this word pronounced stomatick; but this pronunciation, though not confined to the vulgar, is so gross an irregularity as to deserve the reprobation of every correct speaker. W. STOMACHING*, stum'-mttk-lng. n. s. Resentment. Shakspeare. STOMACHLESS, suW-muk-les. a. Being with- out appetite. Bp. Hall. STOMACHOUS, stfW-muk-us. a. [stomachosus, Lat.] Stout ; angry ; sullen ; obstinate. Spenser. Ob. J. STOND, stond. n. s. Post ; station. Spr/tser. Stop ; indisposition to proceed. Bacon. Ob. J. STONE §, st6ne. n. s. [stains, Goth.; j-fcan, Sax. ; stem, Dutch.] Stones are bodies insipid, hard, not ductile or malleable, nor soluble in water. Wood- ward. Piece of stone cut tor building. Shak. Gem; precious stone. Shak. Any thing made of stone. Sliak. Calculous concretion in the kidneys or bladder; the disease arising from a calculus. Temple. The case which in some fruits contains the seed, and is itself contained in the fruit. Bacon. Testicle. A weight containing fourteen pounds. A stone of meat is eight pounds. Swift. A funeral monument. Pope. A state of torpidness and in- sensibility. Pope. Stone is used by way of exag- geration : as, stone still. Shak. — To leave no stone unturned. To do every thing that can be done for the production or promotion of any effect. Hu- dibras. STONE, stone, a. Made of stone. Shakspeare. To STONE, stone, v. a. [ytaenan, Sax.] To pelt or beat or kill with stones. Ex. xvii. To harden. Shakspeare. To remove stones. Bp. Hall. STO'NEBOW*, st6ne'-b6. n. s. A crossbow, which shoots stones. Wisd. v. STO'NEBREAK, stdne'-brake. n. s. An herb. Ains- worth. STO'NECHATTER, st6ne / -tshat-tur. n. s. A bird. Ains worth. STO'NECRAY, st6ne'-kra. n. s. A distemper in hawks. STO'NECROP, stone'-krop. n.s. jjfcan-cpop, Sax.] A sort of herb. Mortimer. STO'NECUTTER, stdne'-kut-tfir. n. s. One whose trade is to hew stones. DerJiam. STO'NEFERN, suW-fern. n.s. A plant. Ains- worth. STO'NEFLY, stine'-fll. n.s. An insect. Ains- ivorth. STO'NEFRUIT, stone'-frSot. n. s. Fruit of which the seed is covered with a hard shell enveloped in the pulp. Boyle. STONEHAWK, stone'-hawk. n. s. A kind of hawk. Ainsworth. "STO'NEHEARTED*, suW-hart-ed. ) a. Hard- STO'NYHEARTED*, sto'-ne-hart-ed. $ hearted ; cruel ; pitiless. Shakspeare. STONEHORSE, st6ne -horse, n. s. A horse not castrated. Mortimer. Petrifick. Spenser, in g:. Hooker, STO'NEPIT, st6ne / -pit. n. s. A quarry ; a pit where stones are dug. Woodward. STONEPITCH,st6ne / -pltsh.«.*. Hard, inspissated pitch. Bacon. STONEPLOVER, st6ne'-pluv-ur. n. s. A bird. Ainsworth. STONE R*, sto'-nfir. n.s. One who strikes, beats, or kills with stones. Barrow. STO'NESCAST^stinz'-kast.n.s. Distance to which a stone may be thrown. Sir T. Herbert. STO'NESMICKLE, st6ne / -smlk-kl. n. s. A bird. Ainsworth. STO'NESQUARER*, stone'-skware-fir. n. s. One who shapes stones into squares. 1 Kings, v. STONEWORK, st6ne'-wfirk. n. s. Building of stone. Mortimer. STO'NTNESS, st6'-ne-n Sax.] Vigorous ; forceful ; of great ability of body. Spenser. Fortified ; secure from attack. Baron. Powerful ; mighty. 2 Sam. iii. Supplied with forces : as, a thousand strong. Bacon. Violent; forcible ; im- Setuous. Heylin. Hale; healthy. Ecclus. xxx. 'orcibly acting on the imagination. Bacon. Ar- dent; eager; positive; zealous. Shale. Full ; hav- ing any quality in a great degree ; affecting the sight forcibly. Newton. Potent; intoxicating. Swift. Having a deep tincture ; affecting the taste forci- bly. King Charles. Affecting the smell powerful- ly. Hudibras. Hard of digestion ; not easily nu- trimenlal. Hebrews. Furnished with abilities for any thing. Dryden. Valid ; confirmed. Wisdom, xiv. Violent ; vehement. Heb. v. Cogent ; con- clusive. Sliak. Able; skilful; of great force of mind. Shak. Firm ; compact ; not soon broken. Pope. Forcibly written ; comprising much mean- ing in few words. Smith. STRO'NGFISTED, strong-flst'-ed. a. [strong and fief] Strong-handed. Arbuthnot. STRO'NGHAND, strong'-hand. n.s. [strong and liand,] Force ; violence. Spenser. STRO'NGLY, str&ngMe. ad. [ r fcponxhee, Sax.] With strength ; powerfully ; forcibly. Bacon. With strength ; with firmness ; in such a manner as to last; in such a manner as not easily to be forced. Ezra, vi. Vehemently ; forcibly ; eagerly. Shak- speare. STRO'NGSET*, str6ng 7 -set. a. Firmly compacted. Swift. STRO'NGWATER, strong'-wa-tur. n. s. Distilled spirits. Bacon. STROOK, str56k. The pret. of strike, used for struck. 2 Sam. xii. STROP* str&p. n. s. [yfcpopp, Sax. ; strop, Teut. ; strupus, Lat.] A piece of rope spliced into a circu- lar wreath, and used to surround the body of a block, or for other purposes on board a ship. A leather on which a razor is sharpened. STRO'PHE, str6'-fe. 96. n. s. [aroo. a. To swell out; to puff out; to enlarge by affectation. Bacon. STROVE, strive. The preterit of strive. Sid ney. To STROW, str6. 266, 324-. v. 1. To spread by be- ing scattered. Milton. To spread by scattering ; to besprinkle. Milton. To spread. Swift. To scatter ; to throw at random. Spenser. To STROWL, str6le. v.n. To range; to wander Gay. To STROY, slrSe. v. a. [for destroy.] Tusser. STRUCK, struk. The old pret. and part, passive of strike. Di-yden. STRU'CKEN, strfik'-kn. The old part, passive of strike. Fairfax. STRUCTURE, strtik'-tshure. 463. n.s. [Fr. ; state turn, Lat.] Act of building; practice of building. Dryden. Manner of building ; form ; make. Wood- ward. Edifice ; building. Milton. STRUDE, stro5d. ) n. s. A stock of breeding mares. STRODE, stride. \ Bailey. To STRUGGLE §, strug'-gl. 405. v.n. [probably from strucken, or struyckelen, Teut.] To labour ; to act with effort. To strive; to contend ; to contest. Temple. To labour in difficulties ; to be in agonies or distress. Dryden. STRUGGLE, strug'-gl. 405. n.s. Labour; effor!. Contest; contention. Addison. Agony; tumultu- ous distress. STRU'GGLER*, strug'-glur. n. s. One who con- tends ; a striver. Martin. STRU/GGLING*, strfig'-gling. n. s. The *# of striving or contending. South. STR U'MA, str65'-ma. 339, 92. n. s. [Lat ] A glan- dular swelling; the king's evil. Wiseman. STRU'MOUSTstr66'-mus. 314. a. Having swellings * in the glands ; tainted with the king's evil. Wise- man. STRU'MPET §, strum' pit. 99. «. s. [slrupe, old Fr.] A whore; a prostitute. Sluikspeare. STRU'MPET*, stnW-pIt. a. Like a strumpet; false ; inconstant. Sluikspeare. To STRU'MPET, s«rum'-p?t. v. a. To make a whore ; to debauch. Shakspeare. STRUNG, strung. The pret. and part, passive of string. Gay. To STRUT §, strut, v. n. [strotzen, Germ.] To walk with affected dignity; to swell with slateliness. Shak. To swell ; to protuberate. Dryden. STRUT, strut, n. s. An affectation of stateliness in the walk. Swift. STRU'TTER*, strfit'-tur. n. s. One who swells with stateliness ; one who is blown up with self-conceit , a brage;er. Annot. on Glanville's Pre-exist. STRU'TTINGLY*, strut'-tfng-le. ad. With a strut ; vauntiugly. Cotgrave. STUB§, stub. n.s. frteb, ]*fcyb, Sax.; stubbc, Sueth.] A thick, short stock, left when the rest is cut off. Sidney. A log; ; a block. Milton. To STUB, stub. v. a. To force up ; to extirpate. Grew. STUBBED, stub'-bed. 366. a. Truncated ; short and thick. Hardy ; not delicate ; not nice. Bp. Berke- ley. STU'BBEDNESS, stub'-bed-nes. n.s. The state of being short, thick, and truncated. STUBBLE, st&b'-bl. 405. n. s. [estonble, Fr. ; stop- pel, Dut. ; sfipula, Lat.] The stalks of corn left itt the field by the reaper. Sluikspeare. STU'BBLEGOOSE*, stfib'-bl-g66s. n. s. A goose fed on the stubbles. Chaucer. STU'BBORN§, st&b'-burn. 166. a. [from stub ; per- haps from stub-boi-n.] Obstinate; inflexible; con- tumacious. Spenser. Persisting; persevering , steady. Locke. Stiff; not pliable 3 inflexible j noi 887 STU STU 03= 559.- -Fate far, fall, fat y —me, meH ; — pine, p?i »'j*- easily admitting impression. Dry dm. Hardy ; firm. Swift. Harsh ; rough ; ruffffed. Burnet. STU'BBORNLY, stfib'-bura-?e. ad. Obstinately 3 contumaciously ; inflexibly. Sliakspeare. STUBBORNNESS, stub'-bfirn-ne's. n. s. Obstina- cy 3 vicious stoutness j contumacy; inflexibility. Sliakspeare. STU'BBY, stub'-be. a. Short and thick 3 short and strong. Grew. STU'BNAIL, stub'-nale. n.s. A nail broken off ; a short, thick nail. STUCCO, stuk'-ko. n. s. [Ital. ; stuc, Fr.] A kind of fine plaster for walls. Pope. !Fc STU'CCO*, stuk'-ko. ix a. To plaster walls with stucco. Warton. STUCK, stuk. The pret. and part. pass, of stick. Addison. STUCK, stuk. n. s. A thrust. Shakspeare. STU'CKLE, siuk'-kl. n. s. [from stook.] A number of sheaves laid together in the field to dry. Ains- worth. STUD§, stud. n. s. []-fcubu, Sax.] A post 3 a stake ; a prop. Spenser. A nail with a large head driven for ornament ; any ornamental knob or protuber- ance. Chapman, \ycob, Sax.] A collection of breeding horses and mares. Temple. To STUD, stud. v. a. To adorn with studs or shin- ing knobs. Shakspeare. STUDENT, stu'-dent. n. s. [studens, Lat.] A man given to books; a scholar; a bookish man. Watts. STU'DIED, studMd. 283. a. Learned ; versed in any study ; qualified by study. Shakspeare. Hav- ing any particular inclination. Sliakspeare. STU DIER, stud'-e-ur. n. s. One who studies. Til- lotson. STU'DIOUS, stu'-de-us, or stu'-je-us. 293, 294, 376. a. [studieux, Fr. 3 studiosus, Lat.] Given to books and contemplation ; given to learning. Locke. Diligent 3 busy. Tickell. Attentive to; careful. White. Contemplative 3 suitable to meditation. Milton. STU'DIOUSLY, suV-de-us-le, or stu'-je-us-le. ad. Contemplatively ; with close application to litera- ture. Diligently 5 carefully; attentively. Dry- den. STU'DIOUSNESS, stiV-de-us-ngs, or stu'-je-us-nSs. n. s. Addiction to study. Hakewill. STUTJY^, stud'-e. n. s. [studium, Lat. ; estude, Fr.] Application of mind to books and learning. Fell. Perplexity 3 deep cogitation. Shak. Attention 5 meditation ; contrivance. Shak. Any particular kind of learning. Bacon. Subject of attention. Law. Apartment appropriated to literary employ- ment. Shak. The sketched ideas of a painter, not wrought into a whole. Gilpin. To STU'DY, stiid'-e. v. n. [sludeo, Lat.] To think with very close application ; to muse. Swift. To endeavour diligently. 1 Thess. iv. To STU'DY, stud'-e. v. a. To apply the mind to. Milton. To consider attentively. Shakspeare. To learn by application. Shakspeare. STUFF *, stuff, n. s. [sioffe, Dutch ; est.offe. Fr.] Any matter or body. Hooker. Materials out of which any thing is made. Shak. Furniture; goods. Shak. That which fills any thing. Shak. Essence; ele- mental part. Shak. Any mixture or medicine. Shak. Clolh or texture of any kind. Textures of wool thinner and slighter than cloth. Bacon. Mat- ter or thing. Shakspeare. To STUFF, stfiff. v. a. To fill very full with an) thing. Shak. To fill to uneasiness. Shak. To thrust into any thing. Bacon. To fill by being put into any thing. Drydm. To swell out by putting something in. Shak. To fill with something im- proper or superfluous. Wotton. To obstruct the organs of scent or respiration. SJiak. To fill meat with something of high relish. Shak. To form by stuffing. Swift. To STUFF, staff, v. n. To feed gluttonouslv. Swift. 8TUTFING, st&f-flng. 410. n. s. That by which | any thing is filled. Hale. Relishing ingredients 1 put into meat. Mortimer. \ STUKE, stftke. 7 n. s. [stuc, Fr., stucco, Ital.] A STUCK, stuk. \ composition of lime and marble, fowdered very fine, commonly called plaster of *aris, with which figures and other ornaments re- sembling sculpture are made. Bailey. See Stucco. STULM, stulm. n. s. A shaft to draw water out of a mine. Bailey. STULTFLOQUENCES, stul-tfl'-lo-kwense. 518, n. s. [shdtus and loquentia, Lat.] Foolish talk. Diet. STULTLLOQ.UY^stul-uY-6-kwe. n.s. [stultilcqui- um, Lat.] Foolish babbling or discourse. Bp. lay- lor. To STU'LTIFY*, stfil'-te-fi. v. a. [stultus and/acw, Lat.] To prove foolish or void of understanding. Johnson. STUM§, stum, n.s. [r-fcyman, Sax.] Wine yet un- fermented ; must. Addison. New wine used to raise fermentation in dead and vapid wines. B Jonson. Wine revived by a new fermentation. Hudibras. To STUM, stum. v. a. To renew wine by mixing fresh wine and raising a new fermentation. Floyer To STU'MBLE §, stiW-bl. 405. v. n. [stumra, Icel. j stombla, Sueth.] To trip in walking. Shak. To slip ; to err 3 to slide into crimes or blunders. 1 Jo ii. To strike against by chance : to light on by chance. Sidney. To STU'MBLE', stum'-bl. v. a. To obstruct in pro- gress ; to make to trip or stop. Milton. To make to boggle 3 to offend. Locke. STUMBLE, suW-bl. n. s. A trip in walking. A blunder 3 a failure. V Estrange. STU'MBLER. suW-bl-ur. 98. n. s. One that stum- ble. Herbert. S^U'MBLINGBLOCK, stum'-blmg-blok. 410.; STU'MBLINGSTONE, stum'-btfng-stine. $ n. s. Cause of stumbling ; cause of errour j cause of offence. 1 Cor. i. STU'MBLINGLY*, stum'-blmg-le.aJ. With failure 3 with blunder. Sidney. STUMP§, slump, n. s. [slumpe, Dan. ; stompe, Dut.] The part of any solid body remaining after the rest is taken away. Spenser. To STUMP*, stump, v. a. [stompm, Dan.] To lop. More. To STUMP*, stump, v. n. To walk about heavily, or clumsily, like a clown : a low, colloquial term. Son<{ of Cym, and Iphigenia. STU'MPY. stump' -e. a. Full of stumps 3 hard ; stiff; strong. Mortimer, [stumpig, Swed.] Short 3 stub- by ; sometimes applied to a short but stout person. Tq STUN, stun. v. a. jjtuman, Sax. ; estonner, Fr.] To confound or dizzy with noise. Milton. To make senseless or dizzy with a blow. Dryden. STUNG, stung. The preterit and participle passive of sting. Shakspeare. STUNK, stimgk. The preterit of stink. To STUNT, stunt, v. a. [stunta, Icel. 3 pfcintan, Sax.] To hinder from growth. Arbuthnot. STUPED stupe, n. s. [stupa, Lat.] Cloth or flax dip- ped in warm medicaments, and applied to a hurt or sore. Wiseman. To STUPE, stupe, v. a. To foment 3 to dress with stupes. Wiseman. STUPE*, stupe, n. s. A term in derision for a stupid or foolish person. Bickerstaff. STUPEFACTION, stu-pe-t'ak'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ;stu- pefaclus. Lat.] Insensibility ; dulness ; stupidity ; sluggishness of mind 3 heavy folly. South. STUPEFA'CTIVE, stu-pe-f ak'-liv. a. {stupefactus, Lat.] Causing insensibility 3 dulling} obstructing the senses ; narcotick; opiate. Bacon. STUPEFA'CTIVE*, stu-pe-f ak'-uV. n. s. An opiate. Bacon. STUPENDOUS, stu-pen'-dus. a. [stupendus, Lat.] Wonderful ; amazing ■ astonishing. Clarendon. OCT" By an inexcusable negligence, this word and tremen- dous, are frequently pronounced as if written stupendi- ous and tremendious, even by those speakers who, in other respects, are not incorrect. They ought to re member, that compendious and equipondious are the only words ending in ndious. W. STY SUB -nd. move, ndr, ndt ;— tube, tub, bull ;— 6(1 5 — pfifind ; — thin, THis. STUPENDOUSLY*, stu-pen'-d&s-le. xl. In a won- derful manner. Sandys. STUPE'NDOUSNESS*, stu-pen'-dus-n^s. n. s. Wonderfulness. Ellis. STU'PID §, stiV-ptd. a. [stupide, Fr. ; stupidus, Lat.] Dull; wanting sensibility ; wanting apprehension; heavy ; sluggish of understanding. Milton. Per- formed without skill or genius. Swift. STUPIDITY, stii-pid'-e-te. n. s. [stupidity Fr. ; siu- piditas, Lat.] Dulness; heaviness of mind; slug- gishness of understand! ne - . Dry den STUPIDLY, stiV-pfd-le. ad. Wi STUPIDLY, suY-pfd aetivitv of understandin th suspension or in- Milton. Dully ; without apprehension. Dryden. STLP1DNESS*, stiV-pld-nes. n. s. Dulness; stu- pidity. Bp. Hall. STUPIFIER. suV pe-fi-ur. 98. n.s. That which causes stupidity. Bp. Berkeley. ToSTUPIFYS, suV-pe-fl. 183. v. a. [stupefacio, Lat.] To make stupid ; to deprive of sensibility ; to dull. Slmkspeare. To deprive of material mo- tion. Bacon. STUPOR, stA'-pSr. 166. n. s. [Lat.] Suspension or diminution of sensibility. Arbuthnot. Astonishment. Parth. Sacra. To STU' PRATER stu'-prate. v. a. [stupro, Lat.] To ravish ; to violate. STUPRA'TION, stu-pra'-shfin. n. s. [stupralio, Lat.] Rape ; violation. Brown. STU'RDILY, st5r-de-le. ad. Stoutly; hardily. Ob- stinately ; resolutely. Donne. STU'RDINESS.st&r-de-nes. n. s. Stoutness; hardi- ness. Locke. Brutal strength. STURDY §, suV-de. a. [estourdi, Fr.] Hardy; stout ; brutal ; obstinate. Dryden. Strong ; forci- ble. Sidney. Stiff; stout. Wotton. STU'RGEON, suV-j6n. 259. n.s. [sturgeon, old Fr.] A sea-fish. Woodward. STURK, stftrk. n. s. [rcypc, Sax.] A young ox or heifer. Bailey. To STUTS. "slat. )v.n. [slattern, To STUTTERS, stut'-t&r. 98. S Germ.] To speak with hesitation ; to stammer. Skelton. STU'TTER, st&t'-t&r. 98. ) n. s. One that speaks STUTTERER, stiV-tur-ur. $ with hesitation ; a stammerer. Bacon. STU'TTERINGLY*, stl V-tur-mg-le. ) ad. With STUTT1NGLY*, stfit'-tln Sax.] A copper Saxon coin of the lowest value. Leake. STY'GIAN, st'fd'-je-an. a. [stygius, Lat.] Hellish ; infernal ; pertaining to Styx, one of the poetical rivers of hell. Milton. STYLES, stile, n.s. [stylus. Lat.] Manner of writing with regard to language. Swift. Manner of speak- ing appropriate to particular characters. Sidney. Mode* of painting. Reynolds. It is likewise appli- ed to musick. Title ; appellation. Shak, Course of writing. Dryden. A pointed iron used ancient- ly in writing on tables of wax. Massey. Any thing with a sharp point, as a graver ; the pin of a dial. Brown. The stalk which rises from amid the leaves of a flower. Quincy. — Style of court, is pro- perly the practice observed by any court in its way of proceeding. Ayliffe. To STYLE, stile, v. a. To call ; to term ; to name. Clarendon. STYTTICAL §*, stlp'-te-kal. )a. [arvirriKds, Gr. ; STY'PTICKS, stip'-tlk. S styptique, Fr.] The same as astringent ; but generally express- es the most efficacious sort of astringents, or those which are applied to stop hemorrhages. Brown, STYPTLCITY, stip-tls'-e-te. n. s. [stypticite. old Fr.] The power of stanching blood. Floyer. STY'PTICK*, stip'-tlk. n.s. An astringent medi- cine; a medicine applied to stop hemorrhages. Wiseman. To STY'THY. v. a. See To Stithy. To SUADES*, swade. v. a. [suader : old Fr.; suadeo, Lat.] To persuade. Grimoald. To SUAGE*, swaje. v. a. To assuage. See To Swage. Bp. Ficher. SUA'SIBLE. swa'-se-bl. a. [suadeo, Lat.] Easy to be persuaded. SUA'SION*, swi'-zhun. n.s. [old Fr. ; suasio, Lat.] Persuasion ; enticement. Bp. Hopkins. SUA'SIVE, swaZ-siv. 428. a. Having power to per- suade. South. SUASORY, swa'-sfir-e. 429, 512. [See Domes- tick, 557.] a. [suasorim, Lat.] Having tendency to persuade. Bp. Hoplcins. SUA'VITY, swav'-e-te. 511. n.s. [suavite,Vr. ; suavi- tas, Lat.] Sweetness to the senses. Brown. Sweet- ness to the mind. Glanrille. SUB, sub, in composition, signifies a subordinate degree. SUBA'CID. sub-as'-sfd. a. [sub and acidus, Lat.] Sour in a small degree. Arbuthnot. SUBA'CRlD,sfcb-&k'-kr?d.a. [sub and acrid.'] Sharp and pungent in a small degree. To SUBA'CT §, s&b-akt'. ?;. a. [subaclus, Lat.] To reduce ; to subdue. Bacon. SUBNOTION, sfib-ak'-sbun, n. s. [subactus, Lat.] The act of reducing to any state, as of mixing two bodies completely, or beating any thing to a very small powder. Bacon. StJ'BALTERNS, sub'-al-tern. [" Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. Bailey, and Mr. Enlick, lay tke stress up- on the second syllable of this word ; but the usage is universally with Mr. Walker and Mr. Sheridan, [also Todd, Perry, Jones. Fulton and Knight,] who accent it on the first." Author of Remarks on Sheri- dan and Walker.] a. [suhalteme, Fr.] Inferiour ; subordinate ; what in different respects is both su- periour and inferiour. It is used in the army of al! officers below a captain. Bacon. 'SU'BALTERN*, sub'-al-tgrn. n. s. A subaltern offi- cer. Prior. SUBALTE'RNATE, sub-al-uV-nate. a. [subalter- nus, Lat.] Succeeding by turns. Diet. Subordi- nate. Erehjn. SUBALTERNA'TION*, sfib-al-ter-na'-slnm. n. s. Act of succeeding by course. Bullokar. State of inferiority ; state of being in subjection to another. Hooker. SUBAQUEOUS*, sub-a'-kw£-5s. a. [sub and aqua. Lat.] Lying under water. Kirwan. SUBARRA'TION*, sub-ar-riV-shun. n.s. [subar rare, low Lat.] The ancient custom of betrothing. Whcatley. SUBASTRLNGENT, sub-as-trln'-jent. a. Astrin gent in a small degree. SUBBE'ADLE, sub-be'-dl. n.s. An under beadle. SL'BCELE'STIAL, s&b-se-leV-tshal. a. [sub and ce- lestial.] Placed beneath the heavens. Glanville. SUBCHAPTER, sub-tshan'-tur. n. s. [sub and chanter- ; succentor, Lat.] The deputy of the pre- centor in a cathedra!. Davies. SUBCLAVIAN, sub-kla'-ye an. a. [sub and claims, Lat.] Applied to any thing under the armpit or shoulder, whether artery, nerve, vein, or muscle. Quincv. SUBCOMMITTEE*, sfib-k&m-mi*'-te. n.s. A sub- ordinate committee. Milton. SUBCONSTELLA'TION, sfib-k&n-stel-l&'-shdn. n. s. A subordinate or secondary constellation SUBCONTRACTED, sub-kon-trak'-ted. part. a. Contracted after a former contract. Shakspeare. SUBCONTRARY, sfib-k&n -tra-re. a. Contrary in an inferiour decree. Watts. SUBCUTA'NEOUS, sub-ku-ta'-ne-fis. a. [sub and cutaneous.] Lj'ing under the skin. SUBDE / ACON,sut-de / -kn 170 n s. [subdiaconus, 889 SUB SUE O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m£t ; — pine, pin ;- Lat.] In the Romish church, the deacon's servant. Ayliffe. SUBDE'ACONRY* sub-de'-kn-re. )n.s. The SUBDE'ACONSHIP* s6b-de'-kn-ship. 5 Romish order and office of a subdeacon. Bp. Bedell. SUBDE' AN, sub-dene', n.s. [subdecanus, Lravton. SUBLIMATE, s&b'-le-mat. 91. n.s. Any thing raised by fire in the retort. Bacon. Quicksilver raised in the retort. SU'BLIMATE, sfibMe-mat. a. Raised by fire hi the vessel. Newton. SUBLIMA'TION, sub-le-ma'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] A chymical operation which raises bodies in the ves- sel by the force of fire. Sublimation differs very little from distillation, excepting that in distillation only the fluid parts of bodies are raised, but in this the solid and dry; and that the matter to be distilled may be either solid or fluid, but sublima- tion is only concerned about solid substances. 890 Possible to be SUB SUB — no, m5ve, nor, n&t; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pound; — thin, THis. Quincy. Exaltation ; elevation ; act of heighten ing or improving. Dairies. SUBLFME $, s&b-bllme'. a. [wilimis, Lat.] High ir place j exalted aloft. Milton. High in excellence ; exalted by nature. Milton. High in style or sen- timent ; lofty ; grand. Prior. Elevated by joy. Milton. • Lofty of mien} elevated in manner. Wotton. SUBLFME, sub-bllme'. n. s. The grand or lofty style. — Tlie sublime is a Gallicism, but now naturalized. Pope. To SUBLFME, sub-bllme'. v. a. [sublimer, Fr.] To raise by a chymical fire. Donne. To raise on high. Denham. To exalt; to heighten} to im- prove. Milton. To SUBLFME, sub-bllme'. v. n. To rise in the chymical vessel by the force of fire. Newton. SUBLFMELY, sub-blime'-le. ad. Loftily} grandly. Parnel. SUBLFMENESS, sub-bllme'-nes. n. s. Sublimity. Burnet. SUBLFMIFICA'TION* sub-bl?m-e-fe-ka/-shun. n.s. (sublimis and facio, Lat.] The act of making sub- ime. Gilpin. SUBLFMITY, sub-blW-e-te. n.s. [sublimiti,Yr.; sublimitas, Lat.] Height of place ; local elevation. Height of nature } excellence. Hooker. Loftiness of style or sentiment. Addison. SUBLFNGUAL, sSb-Iing'-gwa]. a. [Fr.] Placed under the tongue. Harvey. SUBLU'NAR, sfib-lu'-nar. ) a. [sublunaire, Fr. ; SUBLUNARY, sfib'-lu-nar-e. \ sub and luna, Lat.] Situated beneath the moon 5 earthly ; terrestrial 5 of this world. Donne. §£j° Accenting the word sublunary on the first syllable can only be accounted for on the principles laid down, No. 503, and under the words Academy, Incompara- ble, &c. Dr. Johnson, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Buchanan, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Dr. Kenrick, Dr. Ash, Barclay, and Entick, accent the first ; and Bailey and Fenning, only, the second syllable. W. SU'BLUNARY* sub'-lu-nar-e. n. s. Any worldly thing. Feltham. SUBMARINE, sub-ma-reen'. a. [sub and mare, Lat.] Lying or acting under the sea. Wilkins. To SOBME'RGE§, s&b-merje'. v. a. [submerger, Fr. 3 submergo, Lat.] To drown} to put under water. Shakspeare. To SUBMERGE*, sub-merje'. v. n. To be under ' water ; to lie under water : spoken of swallows. Gent. Mag. lxxviii. To SUBME'RSE*, sfib-merse'. v.a. [submenus, Lat.] To put under water. Scott. SUBMERSION, sub-mer'-sh&n. n.s. [Fr.: from submersus, Lat.] The act of drowning} state of being drowned. Hale. Slate of lying under water. Translation of Buffon. To SUBMFNISTER §, s&b-m?n'-is-ifir. / To SUBMFNISTRATE§, sub-nuV-?s-trate. \ V ' a ' [subministro , Lat.] To supply; to afford. Hale. To SUBMFNISTER, s5b-imV-?s-iur. v. n. To sub- serve ; to be useful to. L' Estrange. SUBMPNISTRANT*, sub-nuV-fs-trant. a. [sub- ministrans, Lat.] Subservient } serving in subordi- nation. Bacon. SUBMINISTRA'TION*, sub-mln-fs-tra'-shun. n. s. Act of supplying. Wotton. SUBMFSS, sSb-mis'. a. [submissus, Lat.] Humble } submissive ; obsequious. Bacon. Low } not loud } _gentle. Smith. SUBMFSSION, sub-mish'-un. n.s. [soubmission, Fr.] Delivery of himself to the power of another. Slmk. Acknowledgement of inferiority or depen- dence ; humble or suppliant behaviour. Sliak. Ac- knowledgement of a fault } confession of errour. Shak. Obsequiousness} resignation} obedience. Temple. SUBMISSIVE , sub-nuY-sfv. 428. a. [submissus. Lat.] Humble ; testifying submission or inferiority. Slmk. SUBMISSIVELY, sub-nuV-slv-le. ad. Humbly} with confession of inferiority. Di-yden. SUBMFSSIVENESS, sub-mls'-s'iv-nes. 158. n. 1 Humilit}'; confession of fault, or inferiority. Herbert. SUBMFSSLY, sub-uuV-le. ad. Humbly; with sub- mission. Bp. Taylor. SUBMFSSNESS*, sub-mis'-nes. n.s. Humility lowliness of mind ; resignation} obedience. B?irton. To SUBMIT $, sfib-init'. v. a. [submilto, Lat.] To let down} to sink. Dry den. To subject} to resign without resistance to authority. Gen. xvi. To leave to discretion} to refer to judgement. Swift. To SUBMFT, sub-mit'. v.n. To be subject} to acquiesce in the authority of another ; to vield Milton. SUBMFTTER* sub-nuV-tQr. n. s. One who submits. Whitiock: SUBMU'LTIPLE, sub-mfi]'-te-pl. n.s. A submulti- ple number or quantity is that which is contained in another number a certain number of times ex actly : thus 3 is submultiple of 21, as being con tamed in it seven times exactly. Harris. SUBNA'SCENT*, sub-nas'-sent. a. [subnascens Lat.] Growing beneath something else. Evelyn. SUBOBSCU'REL Y*, sub-ob-skure'-le. ad. [sub, and obscure.] Somewhat darkly. Donne. SUBO'CTAVE, sfib-ok'-lave. ) a. [sub, and octa- SUBO'CTUPLE, sub-ok'-tu-pl. S out, Lai* j and octuple.] Containing one part of eight. Wilkins. SUBORDINACY, sub-dr'-de-na-se. ) n. s. [from SUBO'RDINANCY, sub-Sr'-de-nan-se. \ subordi- nate. Subordinacy is the proper and analogical word.] The state of being subject. Spectator. Se- ries of subordination. Temple. SUBORDINATES, sub-6r'-de-nat. 91. a. [sub and ordinatus, Lat.] Inferiour in order, in nature, in dignity or power. South. Descending in a regu lar series. Bacon. SUBO'RDFNATE*, sfib-Sr'-de-nat. n.s. An infe- riour person. Sandys. One of a descent in a regu- lar series. Milton. To SUBORDINATE, sub-6r'-de-nate. 91 r. a. To range under another 5 to make subordinate. Hooker SUBO'RDINATELY, sub-6r'-de-nat-le. ad. In a se- ries regularly descending. Decay of Christian Piety. SUBORDINATION, sub-Sr-de-na'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] The state of being inferiour to another. Dryden. A series regularly descending. Holyday. Place of rank. Swift. To SUBORN $, sub-6rn'. v. a. [suborner, Fr. } sub- orno, Lat.] To procure privately } to procure by secret collusion. Hooker. To procure by indirect means. Drvden. SUBORN A'TION, sub-Sr-na'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] The crime of procuring any to do a bad action. Spenser. SUBORNER, sub-6r / -nfir. 98. n.s. [suborneur, Fr.] One that procures a bad action to be done. Bacon, SUBPOENA, sub-pe'-na. 92. n. s. [sub, and poena, Lat.] A writ commanding attendance in a court under a penalty. Shirley. $5= This, like most other technical words, is often cor- rupted into su-pena. — See Cleff. TV. To SUBPCE'NA*, sub-pe'-na. v. a. To serve with a subpoena. Lord Cliesterfield. SUBPRFOR*, sub-prl'-ur. n. s. [sub, and prior.] The vicegerent of a prior. Lowth. SUBQUA'DRUPLE^ub-kwod'-ru-pl. a. [sub, and quadruple.] Containing one part of four. Wilkins. SUBQUFNTUPLE, sub-kwm'-tu-pl. a. [sub, and quintuple!] Containing one part of five. Wilkins. SUBRE'CTOR, sub-rek'-t&r. 166. n.s. [sub, and rector.] The rector's vicegerent. Walton. SUBREPTION $, sub-rep'-shfin. n. s. [subreption, Fr. ; subreptus, Lat.] The act of obtaining a favour by surprise or unfair representation. Bp. Hall. SUBREPTFTIOUS, sub-rep-tfsh'-us. a. [surrep- tice, Fr. } surreptitius, Lat.] Falsely crept in- fraudulently foisted 5 fraudulently obtained. Cot grave. SUBREPTFTIOUSLY*, sub-rep-t?sh'-&s-le. ad By falsehood ; by stealth. Sherwood. SUBRE'PTIVE*, sub-rep'-liv. a. [subreplif, Fr.' Subreptitious. Cotgrave. Ob. T. 891 SUB SUB ID" 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, p?n ;- ^o SUBROGATE, sfib'-r6-gate. «. a. [subrogo, Lat.] To put in the place of another. Ld. Herbert. To SUBSCRIBE §, sub-skrlbe'. v.a. [subscribo, Lat.] To give consent to by underwriting 1 the name. Clarendon, To attest by writing the name. Whit- gift. To submit. Shakspeare. To SUBSCRFBE, s&b-skrlbe'. v. n. To give con- sent. Hooker. To promise a stipulated sum for the promotion of any undertaking. SUBSCRIBER, sub-skrl'-bur. 98. n. s. One who subscribes. Bennet One who contributes to any undertaking. Swift. SUBSCRIPT*, sub' skript. n.s. [subscriptum, Lat.] Any thing underwritten. Bentley. SUBSCRIPTION, sub-skrip'-shfin. n. s. [subscrip- tio, Lat.] Any thing underwritten. Bacon. Con- sent or attestation given by underwriting the name. The act or state of contributing to any undertaking. Pope. Submission 3 obedience. Shakspeare. SUBSE'CTION, sub-sek'-shun. n. s. [sub and seclio, Lat.] A subdivision of a larger section into a lesser; a section of a section. Diet. SUBSE'CUTIVE, sub-sek'-ku-tiv. a. [subsecutif, Fr. ; from subsequor, Lat.] Following in train. Cotgrave. SUBSE'PTUPLE, sub-sep'-tu-pl. a. [sub and sep- tuplus, Lat.J Containing one of seven parts. Wil- SUBSEQUENCE, sub'-se-kwense. )n.s. [subse- SUBSEQUENCY*, sub'-se-kwen-se. $ quor, Lat.] The state of following ; not precedence. Grew. SUBSEQUENT §, sub'-se-kwent. a. [Fr. ; subse- quent, Lat.] Following in train; not preceding. Shakspeare. SUBSEQUENTLY, sub'-se-kwent-le. ad. Not so as to go before ; so as to follow in train. South. To SUBSE'RVE$, sub-serv'. v.a. [subservio, Lat.] To serve in subordination; to serve instrumentaliy. Milton. SUBSEBVIENCE, sub-seV-ve-ense. )n.s. Instru- SUBSEBVIENCY, sub-seV-ve-en-se. , mental fit- ness, use, or operation. Dryden. SUBSERVIENT, sfib-ser'-ve-ent. a. {subserviens, Lat.] Subordinate; instrumentaliy useful. Fell. SUBSE'XTUPLE, sub-seks'-uVpl. a. [sub and sex- tuplus, Lat.] Containing one part of six. Wilkius. ToSUBSPDE§, sub-side', v.n. [subsido, Lat.] To sink; to tend downwards. It is commonly used of one part of a compound, sinking in the Whole. Dryden. SUBSIDENCE, sfib-sl'-dense. ) n. s. The act of SUBSI'DENCY, s&b-sl'-den-se. , sinking; tenden- cy downwards. Burnet. SUBSIDIARILY*, sub-sld'-e-a-re-le. ad. In an as- sisting way. Shenvood. SUBSPDIARY, sub-sid'-e-a-re, or sub-sfd'-je-a-re. 293, 294, 376. a. [subsidiaire, Fr. ; subsidia7~ius , Lat.] Assistant; brought in aid. Arhuthnot. SUBSPDIARY*, sub-sid'-e-a-re. n.s. An assistant. Hammond. To SUBSIDIZE*, sub'-se-dize. v. a. To furnish with a subsidy : a modern word. SUBSIDY §, s&b'-se-de. n. s. [subside, Fr. ; sub- sidium, Lat.] Aid, commonly such as is given in money. Bacon. To SUBSPGNS, sub-sine', v.a. [subsigno, Lat; souhsigner, Fr.] To sign under. Camden. SUBSIGNA'TION*, sub-slg-na'-shun. n.s. [sub- signatio, Lat.] Attestation given by underwriting the name. Shelden. To SUBSPST§, sub-s?st'. v.n. [subsister, Fr. ; sub- sisto, Lat.] To be ; to have existence. To con- tinue; to retain the present state or condition. Milton. To have means of living; to be main- tained. Dryden. To inhere; to have existence by means of something else. South. ToSUBSIST^sub-slst'. v.a. To feed; to maintain. Addison. SUBSISTENCE, sfib-s?s'-tense. ) n. s. [subsistence, SUBSI'STENCY, sfib-sis'-ten-se. \ Fr.j Real be- ing. Hooker. Competence ; means of supporting life. Addison. Inherence in something else. SUBSPSTENT, sub-sV-tent. a. [subsistens, Lat.] Having real being. Broion. Inherent. Bentley. SUBSTANCE $, sub'-stanse. n. s. [Fr. ; substantia, Lat.] Being; something existing; something of which we can say that it is. Davies. That which supports accidents. Milton. The essential part. Digby. Something real, not imaginary; some- thing solid, not empty. Shak. Body; corporeal nature. Newton. Wealth ; means of life. Shak. SUBSTANTIAL, sfib-staV-shal. a. [subsianiielle. Fr.] Real; actually existing. Bentley. True; solid ; real ; not merely seeming. Shak. Corpo- real ; material. Prior. Strong ; stout ; bulky. Milton. Responsible; moderately wealthy; pos- sessed of substance. Spe?iser. SUBSTANTIALITY, sub-stan-she-al'-e-te. «. a. The state of real existence. Corporeity ; materi- ality. Gktnrille. SUBSTANTIALLY, sub-stan'-shal-e. ad. In man- ner of a substance ; with reality of existence. Mil- ton. Strongly; solidly. Clarendon. Truly; solidly; really ; with fixed purpose. Tillotson. With com- petent wealth. SUBSTA'NTIALNESS, sub-stan'-shal-nes. n. s. The state of being substantial. Firmness ; strength ; power of holding or lasting. Camden. SUBSTA'NTIALS, sfib-stan'-shalz. n. s. Essential parts. Aylijt'e. To SUBSTANTIATE, sub-stan'-she-ate. v. a. To make to exist. Ayliffe. SUBSTANTIVE, sub'-stan-tlv.512. n. s. [substantij, Fr. ; substantivum, Lat.] A noun ; the name of a thing, of whatever we conceive in any way to sub- sist, or of which we have any notion. Lowtfi. SUBSTANTIVE, sub'-stan-tlv. a. [suhstantivus, Lat.] Solid ; depending only on itself. Bacon. Be- tokening existence. Arbulhnot. SUBSTANTIVELY, sub'-stan-tiv-le. ad. As a sub- stantive. To SUBSTITUTES, sub'-ste-tute. v. a. [substituer. Fr. ; substitutus, Lat.] To put in the place of anoth- er. Dnjden. SUBSTITUTE, sub'-ste-tute. 463. n. s. [substitut, Fr.] One placed by another to act with delegated power. Shak. It is used likewise for things : as, one medicine is a substitute for another. SUBSTITUTION , sub-ste-tu'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] The act of placing any person or thing in the room of another; the state of being placed in the room of another. Bacon. To SUBSTRA'CT$, snb-strakt'. v. a. [subtralw. Lat.] To take away part from the whole. To take one number from another. See To Subtract. SUBSTRUCTION, sub-strak'-sh5n. n. s. [subtrac- tion, Fr.] The act of taking away part from the whole. Sandys. [In arithmetick.] The taking of a lesser number out of a greater of like kind, where- by to find out a third number, being or declaring the inequality, excess, or difference between the numbers given. Cocker. S UBS TRA 1 T U31*, sub-stra'-tOm. n. s. [Lat.] A layer of earth, or any other substance lying under another. A. Baxter. SUBSTRUCTION, sub-str&k'-shun. n. s. [substruc- tio, Lat.] Underbuilding. Wotton. SUBSTRUCTURE*, sfib-strfik'-tshure. n. s. [sub and structura, Lat.] A foundation. Harris. SUBSTY'LAR, sub-stl'-lar. a. [sub and stylus, Lat.] Substylar line is, in dialling, a right line, whereon the gnomon or style of a dial is erected at right ang-les with the plane. Moxon. SUBSU'LTlVE$,sub-su)'-t?v. ? «• [subsultus SUBSU'LTORYS, sob'-sul-tur-e. \ Lat-] Bound- ing ; moving by starts. Bp. Berkeley. §£T Mr. Shei idan is the only orthoepist who ha3 accent- ed this word on the first syllable, as I have done , for Dr. Johnson. Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Barclay, Fenning, Bailey, and Entick, accent, the second. Its companion, desultory, is accented on the first syllable by Mr. Sheri- dan, Dr ."Johnson, Mr. Nares, Mr. Smith, and Fenning; but on the second by Dr. Ash, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, Bailey, and Entick. As these two vrords must necessarily be accented alike, 892 SUB sue — nd. move, n6r, not ;— tube, tub, bfill ;— dil ;— pfiuiid ;- linn, this. we see Dr. Johnson and Fenning are inconsistent. But. thorjgh the majority of authorities are against me in both these words, I greatly mistake if analogy is not clearly on my side. — See Principles, No. 512. W. SUBSU'LTORILY.sfib'-sul-tur-e-le.arf. In abound- ing manner ; by fits ; by starts. Bacon. To SUBSU'ME*, sfib-sume'. v. n. [sub and sumo, Lat.] To assume a position by consequence. Ham- mond. SUBTA'NGENT, sub*tan'-jent. n. s. In any curve, is the line which determines the intersection of the tangent in the axis prolonged. Did. To SUBTE ND, sub-tend', v. a. [sub and tendo, Lat.] To be extended under. Brown. SUBTENSE, sub-tense . n. s. [sub and tensus, Lat.] The chord of an arch. SU'BTER, s&b'-tfir. [Lat.] In composition, signi- fies under. SUBTERFLU'ENT, sfib-ter -flu-ent. ) 518. a. ~UBTE'RFLUO"~ Running; under. [sub- Lat.] [Fr. 5 subler an evasion ; a trick. SUBTE'RFLUOUS, sab-ter'-flu-us. \terJluo : Running under. SUBTERFUGE, sub'-ter-fudje. n and fugio, Lat.] A shift Bacon. SU'BTERRANE* sfib'-ter-rane. n. s. [soubterrain, Fr.] A subterraneous structure ; a room under ground. Bryant. SUBTERRA'NEAL, sub-teY-ra'-ne-al. •) SUBTERRANEAN, sub-ter-ra'-ne-an. f SUBTERRANEOUS, s&b-ter-ra'-ne-us. C "' SU'BTERRANY, sfib'-ter-ra-ne. ) [sub and terra, Lat.; soubterrain, Tr.] Lying un- der the earth ; placed below the surface. Bacon. SUBTERRA NITY, sub-tfir-ran'-e-te. n. s. A place under ground. Bream. Ob. J. SU'BTERRANY*, sfib'-ter-ra-ne. n. s. What lies under the earth, or below the surface. Bacon. SU'BTILE§, sfib'-til. a. [Fr.; subtilis, Lat. This word is often written subtle.'] Thin; not dense; not gross. Dry den. Nice; fine; delicate; not coarse. Davies. Piercing; acute. Prior. Gun- ning ; artful ; sly ; subdolous : in this sense it is now commonly written subtle. Hooker. Deceitful. Shak. Refined ; acute beyond necessity. Milton. SU'BTILELY, sfib'-til-le. ad. In a subtile manner; thinly; not densely. Finely; not grossly. Bacon. Artfully ; cunningly. Boyle". SU'BTILENESS, sfib'-tll-nes. n.s. Fineness; rare- ness. Cunning; artfulness. To SUBTI'LIATE, sub-uT-yate. 113. v. a. To make thin. Harvey. SUBTILIA'TION, s&b-tll-ya'-shfin. n. s. [Fr.] The act of making thin. Boyle. SUBTILIZA'TION, sfib-tTi-e-za'-shfin. n. s. The making any thing so volatile as to rise readily in steam or vapour. Quincy. Refinement; super- fluous acuteness. To SU'BTILIZE, sfib'-til-lze. t;. a. [subtiliser, Fr.] To make thin ; to make less gross or coarse. Ray. I To refine ; to spin into useless niceties. Glanville. To SU'BTILIZE, sub'-t?I-lze. v. n. To talk with too ! much refinement. Digby. SU'BTILTY, sfib'-tfl-te. n.s. [subtilite, Fr.] Thin- 1 ness; fineness; exility of parts. Bacon. Nicety; exility. Bacon. Refinement ; too much acuteness. Boi/le. Cunning; artifice; slyness. Sidneu. SU'B'TLE, sfit'-tl. 347, 405. a. Sly ; artful ; cunning. Spenser. ^p* This word and subtile have been used almost indis- criminately to express these different senses, as may be seen in Johnson ; but, as custom has adopted a different spelling and a different pronunciation, it is to be pre- sumed it has not been without reason. That the first sense should extend itself to the latter, is not to be won- dered at, as words have a tendency to fall into a bad sense; witness knave, villain, &c. ; but if custom has marked this difference of sense by a difference of spelling and pro- nunciation, it should seem to be an effort of nature to pre- serve precision in our ideas. If these observations are just, the abstracts of these words ought to be kept as distinct as their concretes ; from subtile ought to be formed subtilty, and from subtle, subtlety ; t;ie b being heard in the two first, and mute in the two last. TV. ild con SU'BTLETYf, sfit'-tl -le. n. s. Artfulness; cunning SU'BTLY, s&t'-le. ad. Slyly; artfully; cunningly Milton. Nicely ; delicately- Pope. To SUBTRACT §, sub-lrakV. r.a. [subtract™, Lai.) To withdraw part from the rest. Duvies. See Sub STRACT. SUBTRACTION, sfib-trak'-sh&n.n.s. Substraetiont which see. [In law.] S2il>tractio7i happens, when any person who owes any suit, duty, custom, w service, to another, withdraws or neglects to per form it. Blackstone. SUBTRACTER, s&b-tnikt'-fir. n. s. The numbei to be taken out of a larger number. SU'BTRAHEND, sfib-trd-bend'. n.s. [subtrahen- dwn, Lat.]' The number to be substracted or taken out of another. SUBTRI'PLE, sfib-lrlp'-pl. a. [Fr. ; sub and t?-iplus Lat.] Containing a third or one part of three Wii/cins. SUBTU'TOR*, sfib-tu'-lur. n. s. A subordinate tu- tor. Burnet. SUBUNDA'TION*, sfib-fin-da'-shfin. n. s. [sub and unda, Lat.] Flood ; deluge. Huloet. Ob. T. SU'BURB§, sfib'-firb. n. s. [suburbium, Lat.] Buil ing without the walls of a city. Bacon. The co fines ; the outpart. Cleaveland. SUBU'RBAN, sfib-firb'-an. 88.) a. [suburbanus SUBU'RBIAL*, sfib-fir'-be-al. £ Lat.] Inhabitina SUBU'RBIAN*, sfib-fir'-be-ib. > the suburb. Miit SU'BURBED*, sfib'-firbd. a. Bordering upon a sub- urb ; having a suburb on its outpart. Carew, SUBURBICA'RIAN*, sfib-fir-be-ka'-re-an. a. [sub- urbicarius, Lat.] Applied to those provinces of Italy, which composed the ancient diocess of Rome. Ban ow. SUBVENTA'NEOUS, sub-ven-uV-ne-us. a. [sub- rejitaneus, Lat.] Addle ; windy. Broicn. SUBVENTION*, sfib-ven'-shfin. n. $. [old Fr.] The act of coming under; the act of supporting: aid. Stackhouse. To SUBVE'RSE $, sub-verse', v. a. [subversus, Lat.] To subvert ; to overthrow. Spenser. SUBVERSION, sfib-ver'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.-, subver- sus, Lat.] Overthrow: ruin; destruction. Shak. -SUBVERSIVE, s&b-ver'-siv. 158. a. Having ten- dency to overturn. Rogers. To SUBVE'RT §, sub-vert', v. a. [subvertir, Fr, ; subverto, Lat.] To overthrow ; to overturn ; to destroy ; to turn upside down. Milton. To corrupt; to confound. 2 Tim. ii. SUBVE'RTER, sfib-vert'-fir. 98. n. s. Overthrower ; destroyer. Dryden. SUBWO'RKER, sfib-wfirk'-fir. n.s. Underworked subordinate helper. South. SUCCEDA'NEOUS, sfik-se-da'-ne-us. a. [succeda- neus, Lat.] Supplying the place of something else. Brown. SUCCEDA'NEUM, sfik-se-da'-ne-um. 503. n.s. [Lat.] That which is put to serve for something else. Warburton. To SUCCE'ED §, sfik-seed'. 246. v. n. [succcder, Fr. ; succedo, Lat.] To follow in order. Shak. To come into the place of one who has quitted or died. Digby. To obtain one's wish ; to terminate an undertaking in the desired effect. D)~yden. To terminate according to wish ; to have a good effect. Tob. iv. To go under cover. Dryden. To SUCCE'ED, sfik-seed'. v. a. To follow; to be subsequent or consequent to. Brown. To prosper ; to make successful. Dryden. SUCCE'EDER, suk-seed'-ur. 98. n. s. One who fol- lows; one who comes into the place of another. Daniel. SUCCE'SS$>, sfik-ses'. n. s. [sucres, Fr. successus, Lat.] The termination of any affair, happy or un- happy. Success without any epithet is commonly taken for good success. Wisd. xih. Succession. Spenser. SUCCE'SSFUL, sfik-ses'-ful. a. Prosperous ; happy ; fortunate. Sojdh. SUCCE'SSFULLY, sfik-ses'-ful-e. ad. Prosperous- ly; luckily; fortunately. Shakspeare. 393 sue SUF ICr 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pm SUCCESSFULNESS, suk-seV-ful-nely; without superfluity of diction. Boyle. SUCCINCTNESS, siiK-singkt'-nes. n. s. Brevity ; conciseness. South. SU'CCORY, suk'-kor-e. 557. [See Domf.stick.] n. s. [cidiorium, Lat.] A plant. Miller. To SUCCOURS, sfik'-kfir. 314. v. a. [secourir, Fr.; succurro, Lat.] To help ; to assist in difficulty or distress; to relieve. Spenser. SUCCOUR, sfik'-kur. n. s. [secours, Fr.] Aid ; as- sistance ; relief of any kind ; help in distress. Shale. The person or things that bring help. Wisd. xvii. SU'CCOURER, suk'-kur-ur. 98. n.s. Helper; assist- ant ; reliever. Romans, xvi. SU'CCOURLESS, s&k'-kur-les. a. Wanting relief; void of friends or help. Beaumont and Fletcher. SU'CCUBA*, sttk'-ku-ba. ) n. s. [sub and cubo, SU'CCUBUS*, sfik'-ku-bus. $ Lat.] A pretended kind of demon. Mirror for Magistrates. SU'CCULENCE, sfik'-ku-lense. ) T . . SU'CCULENCY, s&k'-ku-len-se. \ n ' s ' Ju,ciness - SU'CCULENT§, sinV-ku-lent. a. [Fr. ; succulentus, Lat.] Juicy ; moist. Bacon. To SUCCU'lMB, suk-kumb'. v. n. [succumbo, Lat. ; succomher, Fr.] To yield ; to sink under any diffi- culty. Warburion. SUCCUSSA'TION, suk-k&s-sa'-shun. n. s. [succus- satio, low Lat.l A trot. Brown. SUCCUSSION, suk-kush'-fin. n.s. [succussio, Lat.] The act of shaking. [In physick.] Such a shak- ing of the nervous parts as is procured by strong- stimuli, like sternutatories, friction, and the like, which are commonly used in apoplectick affections. Arlmthnot. SUCH§, suish. a. [swaleik, Goth. i. e. swa. so, and Ltik; like; sulck, solk, Teut. i.e. so-lick; fpilc, Sax.] Of that kind ; of the like kind. Gen. xli. The same that. Knolles. Comprehended under the term premised, like what has been said. Mil- ton. A manner of expressing a particular person or thing. Shakspeare. To SUCK&, s&k. v. a. [yucan, Sax.; sugo, suctum. Lat. ; succer, Fr.] To draw by making a rare^ faction of the air. To draw in with the mouth. Ezek. xxiii. To draw the teat of a female. Sid' ney. To draw with the milk. Shak. To empty by sucking. Dryden. To draw or drain. Burnet. To SUCK, suk. v. n. To draw by rarefying the air. Mortimer. To draw the breast. Ray. To draw ; to imbibe. Bacon. SUCK, snk. n. s. The act of sucking. Boyle. Milk given by females. Spenser, [sicccus, Lat.] Juice. rVard. SU'CKER, s&k'-kar. 98. n. s. [suceur, Fr.] Any thing that draws. The embolus of a pump. Boyle. A round piece of leather, laid wet on a stone, and drawn up in the middle, rarefies the air with- in, which, pressing upon its edges, holds it down to the stone. Grew. A pipe through which any thing is sucked. Philips. A young - twig shooting from the stock : this word was perhaps originally surcle. [surculus Lat.] Bacon. SU CKET, sfik'-kft. 99. n. s. A sweetmeat, to be dissolved in the mouth. Beaumont and Fletclver. SU'CKINGBOTTLE, suk'-klng-bot-tl. n. s. [suck and bottle.'] A bottle which to children supplies the want of a pap. Locke. To SU'CKLE, suk'-kl. 405. v. a. To nurse at the breast. Shakspeare. SU'CKLE*, s&k'-kl. n. s. A teat ; a dug. Sir. T. Herbert. SU'CKLING, suk'-llng. 410. n. s. A young creature yet fed by the pap Dryden. SUCTION, sfik'-sh&n. n. s. [suction, Fr.] The act of sucking. Bacon. SU ; DARY # , su'-dar-e. n. s. [sudarium, Lat.] A nap kin or handkerchief. Wicliffe. SUDA'TION §, su-da'-slum. n.s. [sWo,Lat.] Sweat. SUDATORY, su'-da-tur-e. 512, 557. n. s. [sudo, Lat.] Hot-house ; sweating-bath. Sir T. Herbert. SU'DDEN §, sud'-dln. 103. a. [soudain, Fr.; r oben, Sax.] Happening without previous notice ; coming without the common preparatives : coming unex- pectedly. Shak. Hasty ; violent ; rash ; passion- ate ; precipitate. Shakspeare. SU'DDEN, sud'-dln. n. s. Any unexpected occur- rence ; surprise. Wotton. — On or of a sudden, or upon a sudden. Sooner than was expected : with out the natural or commonly accustomed prepara- tives. Shakspeare. SU'DDENLY, sud'-dfn-le. ad. In an unexpected manner; without preparation ; hastily. Shakspeare. Without premeditation. Slmkspeare. SU'DDENNESS, s&d'-dm-nes. n. s. State of being sudden ; unexpected presence ; manner of coming or happening unexpectedly. Spenser. SUDORLFICK §, su-do-rif'-fik. a. [sudorijique, Fr.; sudor and facio, Lat.] Provoking or causing sweat. Bacon. SUDORIFICK, su-d6-r?f -fik. 509. n. s. A medicine promoting sweat. Arbuthnot. SU'DOROUS, siV-d6-rfis. 314. a. [sudor, Lat.] Con- sisting of sweat. Brown. SUDS, sudz. n. s. [fobben, Sax.] A lixivium of soap and water. — To be in the suds. A familiar phrase for being in any difficulty. Beaumoid and Fletcher. ToSUE§, su. v. a. [suiver, Fr.] To prosecute by law. St. Matt. v. To gain by legal procedure. Shale. To follow; to ensue. Lib. Fest. [In fal- conryj To clean the beak, as a hawk. To SUE, su. 335. v. n. To beg; to entreat ; to pe- tition. Spenser. To SUE, su. v. a. To obtain by entreaty. Calamy. SUET §, su'-it. 99. n. s. [old Fr.] A hard fat, particu- Wis larly that aboui the kidneys. SU'ETY, siV-it-e. a. Consisting of suet; resembling suet. Sharp. To SUFFER §, suP-fur. 98. v. a. [sovffrir, Fr. ; suf- fero, Lat.] To bear; to undergo; to tiiel with sense 894 SUF SUI — n6, m6ve , n6r, not ;- -tube, tub, bull ;— 611 ; — pdfind ; — thin, THis. of pain. Proverbs, xix. To endure ; to support ; not to sink under. Milton. To allow 3 to permit; not to hinder. Shak. To pass through ; to be affected by ; to be acted upon. Milton. TVSUFFER, suf'-fur. v. n. To undergo pain or inconvenience. Milton. To undergo punishment. Clarendon. To be injured. Temple. SU'FFERABLE, suf -fur-a-bl. a. [suffrable, old Fr.] Tolerable ; such as may be endured. Chapman. 6UTFERABLENESS*, suf -iur-a-bl-nes. n. 5. Tol- erableness. Scott. SU'FFERABLY, s&P-fftr-a-ble. ad. Tolerably; so as to be endured. Addison. SU'FFERANCE,suP-fnr-anse. n.s. [souffrance, Fr.] Pain ; inconvenience ; misery. Shak. Patience ; moderation. Spenser. Toleration ; permission ; not hinderance. Spenser. SU'FFERER, sfif-fur-fir. n. s. One who endures or undergoes pain or inconvenience. Milton. One who allows ; one who permits. SUFFERING, suP-fdr-ing. 410. n. s. Pain suffer- ed. Col. i. SU'FFERINGLY* suP-fur-mg-Ie. ad. With pain. Cabalistical Dialogue. To SUFFFCE $, suftW. 351. n. n. [suffire, Fr. ; suf- Jicio, Lat.] To be enough ; to be sufficient ; to be equal to the end or purpose. Slmkspeare. To SUFFFCE, sftf-flze'. 351. v. a. To afford; to supply. Bacon. To satisfy; to be equal to want or demand. Ezekiel. SUFFICIENCY, sfif-Hsh'-en-se. n.s. [suffisance, Fr.] State of being adequate to the end proposed. S'uxk. Qualification for any purpose. Spenser. Competence; enough. Thomson. Supply equal to want. Watts. That conceit which makes a man think himself equal to things above him ; and is commonly compounded with self. Temple. SUFFICIENT, suf-flsh'-ent. 357. a. [suffisant, Fr.; sujiciens, Lat.] Equal to any end or purpose ; enough ; competent ; not deficient. St. Matthew, vi. Qualified for any thing by fortune or otherwise. Shaksjxare. SUFFICIENTLY, suf-flsh'-ent-le. ad. To a suffi- cient degree; enough. Hooker. SU'FFISANCE, s&P-fe-zanse. n. s. [Fr.] Excess; plenty. Spenser. Ob. J. To SUFFLA'MINATE*, sfif-fiam'-e-nate. v. a. [sufflumino, Lat.] To stop ; to stay ; to impede. Bar- row. To SUFFLA'TE §*, suf-flate'. v. a. [sufflo, Lat.] To blow up. Bailey. Ob. T. SUFFLA'TION, suf-fla'-shun. n. s. [sufflatio. Lat.] The act of blowing up. Coles. To SUFFOCATES. sfiP-f6-kate. v. a. [suffoquer, Fr. ; suffoco, Lat.] To choke by exclusion or inter- ception of air. Shakspeare. SUFFOCATE*, suf-fb-kate. part. a. Choked. Shaksjxare. SUFFOCATION, suf-f6-ka'-sh5n. n. s. [Fr.] The act of choking ; the state of being choked. Ba- con. SUFFOCATIVE, sfiP-f6-ka-t?v. 512. a. Having the power to choke. Arbuthnot. SUFFO'SSION*, sfif-fosh'-un. n. s. [suffossio, Lat.] The act of digging under. Bp. Hall. SU'FFRAGAnI, suP-fra-gfin. 88. n.s. [sufragant, Fr. ; suff'raganeus, Lat.] A bishop, considered as subject to his metropolitan. Heylin. An assistant bishop : this is the more proper sense of the word. By an act, (26 Hen. VIII.) suffragans were to be denominated from some principal place in the dio- cess of the prelate, whom they were to assist. Bp. ] Barloiv. SU'FFRAGANT^snP-fra-gant.a. [suffragans, Lat.] | Assisting; concurring with. Bp. Hall. SUTFRAGANT* sfif'-fra-gant. n.s. An assistant; a favourer; one who concurs with. Bp. Taijlor. To SUFFR AGATE, sfiP-fra-gate. 90. v.n. [suffra- gor, Lat.] To vote with ; to agree in voice with. Hale. SU'FFRAGATOR*, suP-fra-ga-tur. n. s. [suffraga- tor, LatJ A favourer; one that helps with his vote. Bp. of Chester. SUFFRAGE. suP-frldje. 90. n. s. [Fr. ; suffragium, Lat.l Vote; voice given in a controverted point. B. Jonson. United voice of persons in publick prayer. Pref to the Vers, of the Psalms. Aid ; as sistance : a lalinism. Dorrington. SUFFRA'GINOUS, suf-fnid'-jin-us. a. [suffrago, Lat.l Belonging to the knee-joint of beasts. Brown. SUFFUMIGA'TION §, suf-Yu-me-ga'-shun. n. s [Fr. ; suffumigo, Lat.] Operation of fumes raised by fire. Bacon. SUFFU MIGE, suf-fu'-midje. n. s. [suffumigo, Lat.] A medical fume. Harvey. Not used. To SUFFUSE $, sfif-nW. v. a. [suffusus,Lzf] To spread over -with something expansible, as with a vapour or a tincture. Spenser. SUFFUSION, suf-hV-zbun. n. s. [Fr.] The act oi overspreading with any thing. That which is suf fused or spread. Milton. SUG, sfig. n. s. [sugo, Lat.] A small kind of worm Walton. SU'GAR§, shiig'-ur. 175, 454. n.s. [sucre, Fr.; sat car, Arabick.] The native salt of the sugar-cane, obtained by the expression and evaporation of its juice. Quincy. Any thing proverbially sweet, Shak. A chymical dry crystallization. Boyle. To SU'GAR, shug'-fir. v. a. To impregnate or sea son with sugar. Crashaw. To sweeten. Shak. SUGARCA'NDY, shug'-ur-kan'-de. n. s. Sugar can- died, or crystallized. Shakspeare. SU'GARY, shfig'-ur-e. a. Sweet ; tasting of sugar. Sparser . Fond of sugar or sweet things. Hist. R.S.'i. SUGE'SCENT*, su-jcV-sent. a. [sugeo,hat.] Relat- ing to sucking. Pa/ey. To SUGGEST §, sug-jeV. v. a. [suggero, sugges- tion, Lat.] To hint ; to intimate ; to insinuate good or ill ; to tell privately. Shak. To seduce ; to draw to ill by insinuation. Shak. To inform secretly. Shakspeare. £5= Though the first g in exaggerate is, by a carelessness of pronunciation, assimilated to the last, this is not al- ways the ctise in the present word. For, though we sometimes hear it sounded as if written sud-jcst, the most correct speakers generally preserve the first and last g in their distinct and separate sounds. Mr. Sher- 'idan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Nares, pronounce the g in both syllables soft, as if written sud-jsst. Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Barclay, make the first g hard, and the sec- ond soft, as if written sug-jest, as 1 have done; for, as the accent is not on these consonants, there is not the same apology for pronouncing the first soft as there is in exaggerate ; which see. W. SUGGE'STER, sug-jes'-tfir. n. s. One that remind- eth another. Beaumont and Fletcher. SUGGESTION, sug-jeV-tshun. n.s. [Fr.] Private hint ; intimation ; insinuation ; secret notification. Hooker. Secret incitement. Siiakspeare. To SU'GGIL*, sug'-jll. V; a. [suggillo, Lat.] To de fame. Abp. Parker. To SU'GGILATES, sug'-je-late. v. a. [suggillo, Lat.] To beat black and blue ; to make livid by a bruise. Wiseman. SUGGILLA'TION*, sfig-je-la'-shun. 7*. 5. A black and blue mark ; a blow ;'a bruise. SU'ICIDE, siP-e-slde. 143. n. s. [suicidiurn, Lat.] Self-murder ; the horrid crime of destroying one's self. Savage. A self-murderer. Young. SUFLLAGE, siV-ll-lklje. n. s. [souillage, Fr.] Drain of filth. Wotton. Ob. J. SU'ING, su'-ing. n. s. [suer, Fr.] The act of soaking through any thing. Bacon. SUIT §, sute. 342. n. s. [suite, Fr.] A set; a number of things correspondent one to the other. Drayton, Clothes made one part to answer another. Shak Consecution; series; regular order. Bacon. — Out of suits. Having no correspondence. Shak. — [suite, Fr.] Retinue ; company. Sidney, [from to sue.'] A petition; an address of entreaty. Shak. Court- ship. Shak. Pursuit ; prosecution. Abp.Cranmer [In law.] Suit is sometimes put for the instance of a cause, and sometimes for the cause itself deduced in judgement. Ayliffe. [suit, old Fr.] Suit of court , suit-service ; attendance of tenants at the court of their lord. Coicel. 895 SUL SUN U* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, p?n;— SUIT Covenant, n. s. Is where the ancestor of one man covenanted with the ancestor of another to sue at his court. Bailey. SUIT Court, n. s. The court in which tenants owe attendance to their lord. Baikij. SUIT Service, n. s. Attendance which tenants owe to the court cf their lord. Bailey. To SUIT, site. v.a. To fit; to adapt to something else. Shak. To be fitted to ; to become. Dryden. To dress ; to clothe. Shakspeare. To SUIT, site. v. n. To agree ; to accord. Milton. SUFTABLE, su'-la-bl. 405. a. Fitting; according with ; agreeable to. Sidney. SUITABLENESS, su'-ta-bl-nes. n. s. Fitness ; agreeableness. Glanville. STJFTABLY, su'-ta-ble. ad. Agreeably ; according to. South. SUITE t, swete. n. s. [Fr.] Consecution, series, regu- lar order; retinue; company. SUI'TER, Af tur. 98,166. n. s. One that sues; petitioner; a supplicant SUITOR, Hooker. A wooer; one who courts a mistress. Shakspeare. SUFTRESS, su'-tres. n. s. A female supplicant. Rome. BULCATED, sul'-ka-t^d. a. [sulcus, Lat.] Fur- rowed. Woodward. To SULK$*, sulk. v. n. [jolcen, Sax.] To be slug- gishly discontented ; to be silently sullen ; to be mo- rose or obstinate. SULKILY*, s&l'-ke-le. ad. In the sulks; morosely. Iron Chest. SULKINESS*, sfil'-ke-nes. n. s. frolcenej-re, Sax.] State of silent sullenness; moroseness ; gloominess. Gray. SULKY*, s&l'-ke. a. [j-olcen, Sax.] Sluggishly discontented ; silently sullen ; morose. Hadam. SULL, sal n. s. [j*ulh, Sax. ; suobx, Icel.] A plough. Ainsworth. SULLEN §, sulMln. 99. a. [solus, Lat.] Solitary. Gower. Gloomily angry ; sluggishly discontented. Clw.ucer. Mischievous; malignant. Dryden. In- tractable ; obstinate. Tillotson. Gloomy ; dark ; cloudy; dismal. Sluik. Heavy; dull; sorrowful. Shakspeare. To SULLEN* sulMln. v. a. To make sullen. Fel- tham. SULLENLY, sfil'-lm-le. ad. Gloomily; malignant- ly ; intractably. More. SULLENNESS, sul'-lln-nes. n.s. Gloominess; mo- roseness; sluggish anger; malignity; intractability. Sidney. SULLENS, sul'-lfnz. n. s. [without a singular.] Mo- rose temper ; gloominess of mind : a burlesque word. Shakspeare. SULLIAGE, sul'-le-adje. n. s. [souillage, Fr.] Pol- lution ; filth ; stain of dirt ; foulness. Government of the Tongue. Ob. J. To SULLY §, sul'-le. v.a. [souiller, Fr.] To soil; to tarnish ; to dirt ; to spot. Bacon. SULLY, sul'-le. n.s. Soil ; tarnish ; spot. SJutk. SULPHUR, sul'-mr. n. s. [Lat.] Brimstone. Mil- ton. SULPHURATE*, i&l'-fu-rat. a. [sulphurates, Lat.] Of or belonging to sulphur ; of the colour of sulphur. More. SULPHURA'TION*, s&l-fu-ra'-shun. n.s. {sulpku- raiio, Lat.] Act of dressing or anointing with sulphur. Bentley. SULPHUREOUS §, sul-fiV-re-us. ) a. [sulphureus, SULPHUROUS §, sul'-fur-us. 314. \ Lat.] Made of brimstone; having the qualities of brimstone; containing sulphur ; impregnated with sulphur. Shakspeare. SULPHU'REOUSLY*, suI-fiV-re-us-le. ad. In a sulphureous manner. Sir T. Herbert. SULPHU'REOUSNESS, s&l-fa'-re-us-ngs. n. s. The state of being sulphureous. SU'LPHURWORT, s&l'-fur-wurt. n.s. The same with hogs fennel. SULPHURY, sul'-fur-e. Drayton. Partaking of sulphur. SULTAN $, sfil'-tan. 88. n. s. [a Tartarian word.J The Turkish emperour. Slutkspeare. SULTA'NA, s6l-ta'-na. [See Lumbago.] ) SULTANESS, sul'-to-nes. \ n - s ' The queen of an Eastern emperour. Cleaveland. SULTANRY, sul'-tan-re. n. s. An Eastern empire. Bacon. SULTRINESS, s&l'-tre-nes. n. s. The state of be- ing sultry; close and cloudy heat. SULTRY $,sul'-tre. a. [rpeltan, Sax.] Hot with- out ventilation ; hot ana close ; hot and cloudy*. Shakspeare. SUM §, sum. n. s. [summa, Lat. ; somme, Fr.] The whole of any thing; many particulars aggregated to a total. Hooker. Quantity of money. Shak. [somme, Fr.] Compendium ; abridgement ; the whole abstracted. Hooker. The amount ; the re suit of reasoning or computation. Tillotson. Height, completion. Milton. To SUM, sum. v. a. [sommer, Fr.] To compute ; to collect particulars into a total ; to cast up. Sliak. To comprise ; to comprehend ; to collect into a nar row compass. Milton. [In falconry.] To have feathers full grown. Milion. SUMACH-TREE, shoiV-mak-tre. n.s. [sumach, Fr.] A plant. Miller. SL T/ MLESS, sum'-les. a. Not to be computed. Shak. SU'MMARILY, sum'-ma-re-le. ad. Briefly; the shortest way. Hooker. SU'MMARY, sum'-ma-re. a. [sommaire, Fr.] Shorty brief; compendious. Swift. SU'MMARY, sam'-ma-re. n. s. Compendium; ab- stract ; abridgement. Shakspeare. SU'MMER*, sum'-mur. 98. n. s. One who casts up an account ; a reckoner. Sherwood. SU'MMER £, sum'-mur. n.s. [pumep, Sax.; somer, Dutch.] The season in which the sun arrives at the hither solstice. Shak. [trahs summaria.] The prin- cipal beam of a floor. Wotton. To SU'MMER, sum'-mur. v. n. To pass the sum- mer. Isaiah, xviii. To SU'MMER, sum'-mur. v. a. To keep warm. Shakspeare. SU'MMER HOUSE, som'-mar-bSuse. n. s. An apart- ment in a garden used in the summer. Watts. SU'MMERSAULT, I SQm /. mQr s x t $ n. s. See SU'MMERSET, \ sum - mur - s6t - j Somerset. A high leap in which the heels are thrown over the head. Hudibras. SU'MMIST*, sum'-mlst. n. s. [from sum.~\ One who forms an abridgement. Dering. SU'MMIT, sfim'-mlt. n. s. [summitas, Lat.] The top ; the utmost height. Shakspeare. SU'MMITY*, sum'-me-te. n. s. [summitas, Lat.] The height or top of any thing. Swift. The utmost de- gree ; perfection. Hallywell. To SU'MMON §, sum'-mun. 166. v. a. [summoneo, Lat.] To call with authority ; to admonish to ap- pear ; to cite. Shak. To excite ; to call up ; to raise. Shakspeare. SU'MMONER, sam'-mun-ur. 98. n.s. One who cites-; one who summons. Shakspeare. SU'MMONS, sfim'-munz. n.s. A call of authority; admonition to appear ; citation. Shakspeare. SU'MPTER, sum'-tar. 412. n. s. [sommier, Fr. ; so- maro, Ital.] A horse that carries the clothes or fur niture. Shakspeare. SU'MPTION, sfim'-shun. n. s. [sumptus, Lat.] The act of taking. Bp. Taylor. Ob. J. SUMPTUARY, som'-tsmVa-re. 292. a. [sumpiuari- us, Lat.] Relating to expense ; regulating the cost of life. Bacon. SUMPTUO'SITY, sam-tshiV&s'-e-te. n.s. Expei* siveness; costliness. Raleigh. Ob. J. SU'MPTUOUS $, sum'-tshu-us. 292. [See Pre- sumptuous.] a. [sumptuosus, from sumptus, Lat.] Costly; expensive; splendid. Hooker. SU'MPTUOUSLY, s6m'-tsha-us-le. ad. Expensive ly ; with great cost. Bacon. Splendidly. Swift. SU'MPTUOUSNESS, sum'-tshu-us-nes. n.s. Ex* pensiveness; costliness. Boyle. SUN $, sun. n.s. [su?mo, Goth.; j-unna, yunne, Sax j 896 SUP SUP -n6, move, nor, n6t ; — tube, tub, b&ll ;— 651 ; — pS&nd ; — th'm, THis. The luminary that makes the day. Sidney. A sunny place ; a place eminently warmed by the sun. Milton. Any thing eminently splendid. K. Charles. — Under the sun. In the world : a prover- bial expression. Eccl. i. To SUN, sun. v. a. To insolate ; to expose to the sun ; to warm in the sun. Spenser. SUNBEAM, sun'-beme. n. s. [j-unnebeam, Sax.] Ray of the sun. Sliakspeare. SUNBEAT, siV-bete. part. a. Shone on fiercely by the sun. Sandys. SUNBRIGHT, sun'-brlte. a. Resembling the sun in brightness. Spenser. SUNBURNING, sfin'-bnrn-ing. n. 5. The effect of the sun upon the face. Sliakspeare. SUNBURNT, sfin'-burnt. part. a. [sun and burnt.'] Tanned ; discoloured by the sun. Cleaveland. Scorched by the sun. Blackmore. SUNCLAD, sfin'-klad. part. a. Clothed in radiance ; bright. Milton. SUNDAY, s&n'-de. 223. n. s. [ r unnan-baeS, Sax.] The day anciently dedicated to the sun ; the first day of the week; the Christian sabbath. SJiak. To SUNDER §, sun'-dfir. v. a. [ r unbpian, Sax.] To part ; to separate; to divide. Sliakspeare. SUNDER, sun'-dfir. n. s. [junbep, Sax.] Two 5 two parts. Psalms. SUNDEW, sfin'-du. n. s. An herb. Ainsworth. SUNDIAL, siW-dl-al. n. s. [sun and dial.] A mark- ed plate on which the shadow points the hour. Donne. SUNDRIED*, sun'-drlde. part. a. Dried by the heat of the sun. Sir T. Herbert. SUNDRY, sfin'-dre. a. [junbeji, Sax. ; sundr, Goth.] Several; more than one. Hooker. SUNFLO WER, s&n'-fldu-ur. n. s. A plant. Miller. SUNFLOWER, Little, n. s. A plant. Miller. SUNG, sung. The preterit and participle of sing. Pope. SUNK, sungk. 408. The preterit and part. pass, of sink. Bacon. SUNLESS, siV-le's. a. Wanting sun ; wanting warmth. Thomson. SUNLIGHT*, sunMlte. n. s. The light of the sun. Milton. SUNLIKE, sfin'-llke. a. Resembling the sun. Mir- ror for Magistrates, SUNNY, siW-ne. a. Resembling the sun ; bright. Spenser. Exposed to the sun ; bright with the sun. Milton. Coloured by the sun. Sliakspeare. SUNPROOF*, sun-proof, a. Impervious to sun- light. Peek. SUNRISE, sfin'-rlze. ) n. s. Morning: SUNRISING, sun'-rlz-?ng. 410. \ the appearance of the sun. Shak. East. Raleigh. SUNSET, s&n'-s^t. n. s. Close of the day; evening. Shakspeare. West. SUNSHINE, sun'-shlne. n.s. []-un-]-cm, Sax.] Ac- tion of the sun; place where the heat and lustre of the sun are powerful. Shakspeare. SUNSHINE, sun'-shlne. )a. Bright with the sun. SUNSHINY, sfin'-shl-ne. $ Boyle. Bright like the sun. Spenser. To SUP, sup. v. a. [super, Norm. Fr.; rupan, Sax.; soepen, Dutch.] To drink by moulhfuls ; to drink by little at a time ; to sip. Spenser. To SUP §, sup. v. n. [souper, Fr.] To eat the eve- ning meal. Shakspeare. To SUP, sup. v.a. To treat with supper. Shakspeare. SUP, sup. n. s. A small draught; a mouthful of li- quor. Drayton. SUPER, siV-per, in composition, notes either more than another, or more than enough, or on the top. SU'PERABLE $, siV-per-a-bl. 405. a. [superabilis , Lat.] Conquerable; such as may be overcome. Johnson. J)^r There is a corrupt pronunciation of this word, aris- ing from want of attention to the influence of accent on the sounds of the letters, which makes the first syllable of this word sound like the noun shoe. This pronun- ciation Mr. Sheridan has adoDted, not only in this word, but in all those which commence with the inseparable preposition super. That this is contrary to the most established rules cf orthoepy, may be seen in Princi- ples, No. 454 and 462; and that it is contrary to Mr. Sheridan himself, may be seen, by his giving the s, in the words insuperable, insuperableness, insuperably, and insuperability, its simple sound only. — See Iwso- PKRABLE. W. SU'PERABLENESS^u'-per-a-bl-nes. n.s. Quality of being conquerable. SU'PERABLY*, su'-per-a-ble. ad. So as may be overcome. To SUPERABOUND, su-peV-a-bound'. v. n. To be exuberant ; to be stored with more than enough Bacon. SUPERABUNDANCE, su-per-a-bfin'-danse. n. s More than enough ; great quantitv. Woodward. SUPERABUNDANT, su-per-a-bun'-dant. a. Be ing more than enough. Swift. SUPERABUNDANTLY, su-per-a-b&n'-dant-l£ ad. More than sufficiently. Cheyne. To SUPERA'DD, su-per-ad'. v. a. [superaddo, Lat.] To add over and above ; to join any thing extrin- sick. L' Estrange. SUPERADDFTION, su-per-ad-dlsh'-un. n. s. The act of adding to something else. More. That which is added. Hammond. SUPERADVENIENT, su-per-ad-ve^-ne-ent. a. [su peradveniens , Lat.] Coming to the increase or as si stance of something. More. Coming unexpect edly. To SUPERANNUATE §, si-per-an'-nu-ate. v. &. [super and annus, Lat.] To impair or disqualify by age or length of life. Brown. To SUPERANNUATE, su-per-an'-nu-ate. v. r. To last beyond the year. Bacon. Ob. J. SUPERANNUATION, su-per-an-nu-a'-shun. n s. The state of being disqualified by years. Pownail. SUPE'RB §, su-perb'. a. [superbe, Fr. ; superbus, Lat.] Grand; pompous; lofty; august; stately; magnificent. Prior. SUPE'RB- LILY, su-perb'-lfl-le. n. s. A flower. SUPERBLY, su-perbMe. ad. In a superb manner Warton. SUPERCA'RGO, su-per-kar'-go. n.s. [super, and cargo.] An officer in the ship whose business is to manage the trade. Pope. SUPERCELE'STIAL^u-per-se-lgs'-tshal.a.^^ and celestial.] Placed above the firmament. Ra SUP^ERCHE'R Y, su-per-tsher'-re. n. s. [an old word of French original.] Deceit; cheating. SUPERCPLIOUS §, su-per-sil'-yQs. a. [superciK- um, Lat.] Haughty; dogmatical; dictatorial; ar- bitrary; despotick ; overbearing. South. SUPERCI LIOUSL Y, su-pgr-sil'-yus-le. ad. Haugl>- tily ; dogmatically ; contemptuously. Clarendon. SUPERCILIOUSNESS, su-per-sil'-yfis-nes. 113. n.s. Haughtiness; conlemptuousness. South. SUPERCONCEPTION, su-per-kon-sep'-shun. n.s. A conception admitted after another conception. Brown. SUPERCON r SEQUENCE,su-per-k6n'-se-kwguse- n. s. Remote consequence. Brown. SUPERCRE'SCENCE, su-per-kres'-sense. n.s. [su- per and cresco, Lat.] That which grows upon an- other growing thing. Brown. SUPERE'MINENCE, su-peV-em'-me-nense. ) SUPERE'MINENCY, su-peV-em'-me-nen-se. S s [super and emineo, Lat.] Uncommon degree of eminence ; eminence above others though eminent. Ayliffe. SUPERE'MINENT ^su-per-em'-me-nent. a. [super, and eminent.] Eminent in a high degree. Hooker. SUPEREMINENTLY, su-per-em'-me-nent-le. aa In the most eminent manner. SUPERE'ROGANT*, su-per-er'-r6-gant. a. The same as supererogatory. Stackhouse. To SUPERE'ROGATE §, su-per-eV-r6-gate. 91. v. n. [super and erogatio, Lat.] To do more than dutv requires. Cleaveland. SUPEREROGATION, su-per-er-ro-ga'-shfin. n.s Performance of more than duty requires. Tillotson. 897 SUP SUP ffj* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pin ; SUPEREROGATIVE*, si-p6r.gr/-r6-ga-tiv. a. Supererogatory. Stafford. SUPEREROGATORY, su-per-Sr'-ro-ga-tur-e. 512. a. Performed beyond the strict demands of duty. Howell. SUPERESSE'NTIAL*, sn pSr-es-seV-shal. a. A- bove the constitution or existence of a thing. Ellis. ToSUPEREXART^*, su-per-egz-alt'. v. a. To exalt above the ordinary rate. Barrow. SUPEREXALTARION, su-per-egz-al-ta'-shun. n. s. Elevation above the common rate. Holyday. SUPEREXCELLENT, su-per-eV-sel-lent. a. Ex- cellent beyond common degrees of excellence. De- cay of Chr. Piety. SUPEREXCRE'SCENCE, su-per-Sks-kreV-sense. n. s. Something superfluously growing. Wise/nan. To SUPERFETATE $, su-per-fe'-tate. v. n. [su- per Bind foetus, Lat.] To conceive after concep- tion. Grew. SUPERFETA'TION, su-per-fe-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [Fr.] One conception following another, so that both are in the womb together, but come not to their full time for deliverv together. Bacon. To SUPERFET E* ; su'-per-fete. v.n. To superfe- tate. Howell. T'oSUTERFETEVu'-pgr-fete. **a. To conceive upon a conception. Howell. SURERFICE, s.V-per-fk 142. n. s. [superflcie, Fr. ; superficies, Lat.] Outside; surface. Dryden. SUPERFICIAL $ ; su-per-f Ish'-al. a. [super ficiel, Fr.; from superficies, Lat.] Lying on the surface ; not reaching below the surface. Bacon. Shallow; con- trived to cover something. Shak. Shallow; not profound; smattering; notlearned. Dryden. SUPERFICIALITY, su-per-ffsh-e-al'-e-te. n.s. The quality of being superficial. Brown. SUPERFICIALLY, su-pSr-ffsh'-al-e. ad. On the surface ; not below the surface. Without penetra- tion; without close heed. Bacon. Without going deep ; without searching to the bottom of things. SUPERFFCIALNESS, su-per-f?sh'-al-ngs. n. s. Shallowness; position on the surface. Slight knowledge ; false appearance ; show without sub- stance. SUPERFFCIES, su-per-fish'-ez. 505. n.s. [Lat.] Outside ; surface ; superfice. Sandys. SURERFINE, su-per-flne'. 524. a. Eminently fine V Estrange. SUPERFLUENCE, su-per'-flu-gnse. n. s. [super and fluo, Lat.] More than is necessary. Hammond. SUPERFLURrANCE^u-per-flu'-e-tanse. n.s. [su- per and jluito, Lat.] The act of floating above. Brown. SUPERFLURTANT, su-per-fkV-e-tant. a. [mper- fluitans, Lat.] Floating above. Brown. SUPERFLUITY, su-per-flu'-e-te. n. s. [superflu- ity, Fr.] More than enough ; plenty beyond use or necessity. Hooker. SUPERFLUOUS §, su-per'-flu-us. 518. a. [super and fluo, Lat. ; superflu, Fr.] Exuberant; more than enough; unnecessary; offensive by being more than sufficient. Sidney. SUPERFLUOUSNESS, su-peV-flu-us-ngs. n. s. The state of being superfluous. SURERFLUX, siV-per-fluks. n. s. [super andfluxus, Lat.] That which is more than wanted. Shuk. SUPERFOLIA'TION*, su-peY-f6-le-a'-shun. n. s. Excess of foliation. Sir T Brown. SUPERHU'MAN, su-peY-hu'-man. a. [super and kumanus, Lat.] Above the nature or power of man. SUPERIMPREGNA'TION, su-per-im-preg-na'- shfin. n. s. [super, and impregnation.'] Supercon- ception ; superfetation. SUPERINCUMBENT, su-peV-m-k&m'-bent. a. [su- per and incumbens, Lat.] Lying on the top of some- thing else. Woodward. 7'o SUPERINDUCES, su-pSr-?n-duse'. v. a. [su- per and induco, LatJ To bring in as an addition to something else. Bacon. To bring on as a thing not originally belonging to that on which it is brought. Locke. SUPERINDUCTION, su-per-ln-dak'-shSn. n. s, The act of superinducing. South. SUPERINJECTION, su-per-m-iek'-sh&n. n. s. An injection succeeding another. Diet. To SUPERINSPECT*, su-per-?n-spekt'. v. a. To overlook ; to oversee. Maydman. SUPERINSTITU'TION , su-pcr-in-ste-uV-shuix n. s. [super, and institution.'] [In law.] One insti- tution upon another : as if A be instituted and ad- mitted to a benefice upon a title, and B be instituted and admitted by the presentation of another. Bai- ley. To SUPERINTEND §, su-per-ln-tend'. v. a. [super, and intend.] To oversee ; to overlook ; to take care of others with authority. Bacon. SUPERINTENDENCE, su-per-m-tend'-ense. ) SUPERINTE'NDENCY; su-per-fn-tend^n-se. \ n. s. Superiour care ; the act of overseeing with authority. South. SUPERINTENDENT, su-per-?n-tgnd'-ent. n. * One who overlooks others authoritatively. Addison. SUPERINTENDENT*, su-per-ln-tend'-ent. a. Overlooking others with authority. Stilling fleet. SUPERIORITY, su-pe-re-or'-e-te. n. s. Pre-emi- nence ; the quality of being greater or higher than another in any respect. Stilling fleet. SUPERIOUR $, sa-pe'-re-fir. 1Gb. a. [supeneur, Fr. ■ superior, Lat.] Higher ; greater in dignity or ex- cellence ; preferable or preferred to another. Ba- con. Upper ; higher, locally. Newton. Free from emotion or concern ; unconquered ; unaffected. Milton. SUPERIOUR, sa-pe'-re-ur. n. s. One more excel- lent or dignified than another. Addison. SUPERLA TION, su-per-la'-sh&n. n. s. [superlatio, Lat.] Exaltation of any thing beyond truth or pro- priety. B. Jonson. SUPERLATIVE §, su-per'-ld-tfv. a. [superlatif Fr. ; superlativus, Lat.] Implying or expressing the highest degree. Bacon. Rising to the highest de- gree. Bacon. SUPERLATIVELY, su-peV-la-tlv-le. ad. In a man- ner of speech expressing the highest degree. Ba- con. In the highest degree. So?/lJi. SUPERLA TIVENESS, sa-per'-la-tiv-ngs. n.s. The state of being in the highest degree. SUPERLU'NAR, su-per-lu'-nar. £ a. [super SUPERLUNARY*, su-pgr-lu'-nar-e. $ and luna ] Not sublunary ; placed above the moon ; not of this world. Pope. SUPERNACULUM*, siVper-nak'-ku-lum. n.s. [super, et Germ, nagel.] Good liquor, of which there is not even a drop left sufficient to wet one's nail. Grose. SUPERNAL, su-peV-nal. 88. a. [supemus, Lat.] Having a higher position ; locally above us. Ra- leigh. Relating to things above ; placed above ; celestial ; heavenlv. Shakspeare. SUPERNA'TANT"$, su-per-na'-tant. a. [superna- tans, Lat.] Swimming above. Boyle. SUPERNATARION, su-peY-na-uV-shfin. n. s. [su- vernato, Lat.] The act of swimming on the top of any thing. Bacon. SUPERNATURAL §, su-per-natMshu-ral. a. Be ing above the powers of nature. Hooker. SUPERNA'TURALLY, sa-per-nat'-tsho-ral-e. ad. In a manner above the course or power of na- ture. South. SUPERNUMERARY, sa-per-nu'-mer-ar-e. a. [su- pernumeraire, Fr. ; super and numerus, Lat.] Be- ing above a stated, a necessary, an usual, or a round number. Milton. SURERPLANT, su'-per-plant. n. s. A p>ant grow- ing upon another plant. Bacon. SURERPLUSAGE, sa'-per-plfis-fdje. n. s. [super and plus, Lat.] Something more than enough. Fell. To SUPERPO'NDERATE, su-per-pon'-der-ate. v. a. [super and pondero, Lat.] To weigh over and above. Diet. To SURERPRAISE*, su'-per-praze. v. a To praise beyond measure. Shakspeare. SUP SUP -no., move, nSr, not ; — tube, tub, bull 3 — 611 3 — p6und ; — tJi'm, THis. SUPERPROPO RTION, su-per-pr6-p6r'-shun. n.s. [super and proportio, Lat.] Overplus of proportion. Dighy. SUPERPURGA'TION, su-per-pur-ga'-shun. n. s. More purgation than enough. Wiseman. SUPERREFLE'CTION, su-per-re-flSk'-shun. r.s. Reflection of an image reflected. Bacon. SUPERSA'LIENCY, si-per-sA'-le-eu-se. n. s. [su- per and salio, Lat.] The act of leaping upon any thing. Brown. To SUPERSCRIBE S.siVpeY-skrlbe'. v. a. [super and scribo, Lat.] To inscribe upon the top or out- side. Addison. SUPERSCRIPTION, su-pSr-skrip'-shun. n. s. [su- per and scriptio, Lat.] The act of superscribing. That which is written on the top or outside. Sliaf{. SUPERSE'CULAR*, su-per-sek'-ku-lur. a. Above the world. Bo. Hall. To SUPERSE'DE, su-per-sede'. 0. a. [super and sedeo, Lat.] To make void or inefficacious by su- periour power ; to set aside. South. SUPERSEDEAS, su-per-se'-de-as. n. s. [In law.] A writ which lieth in divers and sundry cases ; in all which it signifies a command or request to stay or forbear the doing of that which in appearance of law were to be done, were it not for the cause whereupon the writ is granted. Cowel. SUPERSE'RVICEABLE, su-per-seV-ve-sa-bl. a. Over officious; more than is necessary or required. Shakspeare. SUPERSTITIONS, su-per-stlsh'-un. n.s. [Ft.; su- pers'+tio, Lat.] Unnecessary fear or scruples in re- ligion ; observance of unnecessary and uncom- manded rites or practices ; religion without moral- ity. Dryden. Rite or practice proceeding from scrupulous or timorous religion. In this sense it is plural. Milton. False religion; reverence of be- ings not proper objects of reverence ; false wor- ship. Acts, xxv. Over nicety 3 exactness too scru- pulous. SUPERSTITIONIST*, su-per-st?sh'-un-?st. n. s. One who is addicted to superstition. More. SI 'PERSTITIOUS, su-per-suW-6s. a. [supersti- tieux, Fr. ; super stiliosus, Lat.] Addicted to super- stition ; full of idle fancies or scruples with regard to religion. Spenser. Over accurate ; scrupulous bevond need. Shakspeare. SUPERSTITIOUSLY, su-per-suW-us-le. ad. In a superstitious manner ; with erroneous religion. Bacon. With too much care. Watts. SUPERSTFTIOU SNESS*, su-per-stfsh'-fis-ngs. n.s. The state of being superstitious. Bale. To SUPERSTRATN, su-per-strane'. v. a. To strain beyond the just stretch. Bacon. To SUPERSTRUCTS, su-per-str&kf. v. a. [super- struo, superstructus, Lat.] To build upon any thing. Hammond. SUPERSTRU'CTION, su-per-struk'-shun. n. s. An edifice raised on any thing. Pearson. SUPERSTRUCTURE, su-peY-struk'-tlv? a. Built upon something else. Hammond. SUPERSTRUCTURE, su-per-strukMshure. n.s. That which is raised or built upon something else. South. SUPERSUBSTANTIAL, su-per-sub-stan'-shal. a. More than substantial. SUPERSUBTLE*, su-per-sut'-tl. a. Over subtle. Shakspeare. SUPERVACANEOUS S, su-per-vS-ka'-ne-fis. a. [superracaneus, Lat.] Superfluous ; needless 5 un- necessary ; serving to no purpose. Howell. SUPERVACANEOUSLY, su-per-va-ka'-ne-us-le. ad. Needlessly. SUPERVACANEOUSNESS^u-per-va-ka'-ne-us- nes. n. s. Needlessness. Bailey. To SUPERVENE S, su-p3r-vene'. v.n. [supervenio, Lat.] To come as an extraneous addition. Fell. SUPERVENIENT, su-per-ve'-ne-ent. a. [superve- niens, Lat.] Added ; additional. Brown. SUPERVENTION, su-per-veV-shun. n. s. The act of supervening. Bp. Hall. To SUPERVFSE$, su-per-vlze'. v. a. [super and visus, Lat.] To overlook 3 to oversee ; to intend Howell. SUPERVISE*, su-per-vlze'. n. s. Inspection. Sliak SUPERVISION*, su-per-vizh'-un. n. s. Act of su- pervising. Warton. SUPERVISOR, su-per-vl'-zfir. 1G6. n.s. An over- seer ; an inspector j a superintendent. Watts. To SUPERVFVE, su-pe>-vlve'. v. n. [super and vi- vo.'] To overlive ; to outlive. Clarke. SUPINATION, su-pe-na'-shftn. n.s. [Fr. ; from supino, Lat.] The act of lying, or state of being laid, with the face upward. [In anatomy.] The position of the hand, in which the palm is lilted up- wards, or exposed. Smith. SUPINES, su-ph;e'. 140. a. [supinus, Lat.] Lying with the face upward : opposed to prone. Brown. Leaning backwards with exposure to the sun. Dry- den. Negligent; careless 5 indolent 5 drowsy; thoughtless 3 inattentive. King Charles. SU'PINE, sii'-plne. 140, 494. n. s. [suphi, Fr. ; su- pinum, Lat.] [In Latin grammar.] A term signi- fying a particular kind of verbal noun. SUPINELY, su-pine'-le. ad. With the face upward. Drowsilv 5 thoughtlessly 3 indolently. Sandys. SUPINENESS, su-plne'-nes. n. s. Posture with the face upward. Drowsiness 3 carelessness 3 indo lence. Swift. SUPINITY, su-pln'-e-te. 511. n.s. Posture of lying with the face upwards. Carelessness 3 indolence : thoughtlessness. Brown. SUPPAGE*, sup'-pfdje. n.s. [from To sup.] What may be supped ; pottage. Hooker. SUPPALPA / TION*,sup-pal-pa / -shun. n.s. [suppal- ^or, Lat.] Act of enticing by soft words. Bp. Hall PPARASITA'TION*, sup-par-as-e-ta'-shun. n. s [supparasitor, LatJ The act of flattering or paying servile court to. Bp. Hall. SUPPEDANEOUS, sfip-pe-da'-ne-us. a. [sub and pes, Lat.] Placed under the feet. Brown. To SUPPE'DITATE*, s&p-ped'-e-tate. v. a. [sup- pedito, Lat.] To supply. Hammond. SUPPERS, sfip'-pur. 98. n. s. [souper, Fr.] The las' meal of the day ; the evening repast. Shaksjieare. SU'PPERLESS, sup'-pur-l£s. a. Wanting supper ; " fasting at night. Spectator. To SUPPLANT S, sup-plant', v. a. [supplanter, Fr. 3 sub and planta, Lat.] To trip up the heels. Milton. To displace by stratagem ; to turn out. Sidney. To displace ; to overpower; to force away. Shak- speare. SUPPLANTER, sfip-plant'-fir. n. s. One that sup- plants ; one that displaces. Gower. SUPPLANTING*, sfip-plant'-lng. n. s. The act of displacing or turning out. Hoadly. SU'PPLE S, sfip'-pl. 405. a. [souple, Fr.] Pliant 5 flex ible. Bacon. Yielding 5 soft 5 not obstinate. Shak Flattering; fawning; bending. Addison. That which makes supple. Shakspeare. To SU'PPLE, sujy-pl. v. a. To make pliant ; to make soft; to make flexible. Temple. To make com- pliant. Shakspeare. To SU'PPLE, sftp'-pl. v. n. To grow soft ; to grow pliant. Dryden. SUPPLELY* sup'-pl-le. ad. Softly ; mildly ; pliant- ly. Cotgrax^e. SUPPLEMENT S,- sup'-ple-ment. n. s. [Fr. ; supple mentum, Lat.] Addition to any thing by which its defects are supplied. Hooker. Store; supply Chapman. SUPPLEMENTAL, sup-ple-m§nt'-al. )a. Ad- SUPPLEMENTARY, sup-ple-ment'-a-re. $ dition al ; such as may supply the place of what is lost of wanting. Clarendon. SUPPLENESS, sup'-pl-nes. n. s. [souplesse, Fr.] Pliantness 3 flexibility 5 readiness to take any form. Bacon. Readiness of compliance ; facility. Tem- SU'PPLETORY, sup'-ple-tur-e. 512. a. [svppleo LatJ Brought in to fill up deficiencies. ~\V}iartcm. SU'PFLETORY, sup'-ple-tur-e. n. s. [snppletorium, Lat.] That which is to fill up deficiencies. Bp. Taylor. 899 SUP SUP (LT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 3— pine, pin SUPPLFAL*, sup-pll'-al. n.s. The act of supplying. SUPPLFANCE*, sup-pll'-anse. n. s. Continuance. Slutkspeare. SUPPLIANT $, sfip'-ple-ant. a. [Fr.] Entreating; beseeching ; precatory ; submissive. Shakspeare. SU'PPLIANT, sup'-ple-ant. n. s. An humble peti- tioner ; one who begs submissively. Shakspeare. SU'PPLIANTLY* s&p'-ple-ant-le. ad. In a submis- sive manner. The Student, vol. i. SU'PPLICANT, sup'-ple-kant. n. s. [supplicans, Lat.] One that entreats or implores with great submission ; an humble petitioner. Hooker. SU'PPLIC ANT*, sup'-ple-kant. a . Entreating 3 sub- missively petitioning. Bp. Bull. T^SUTPLICATEf, sup'-ple-kate. v. n. [supplier, Fr. ; supplico, Lat.] To implore ; to entreat ; to petition submissively and humbly. Bacon. SUPPLICA'TION, sup-ple-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Pe- tition humbly delivered ; entreaty. Shak. Peti- tionary worship ; the adoration of a supplicant or petitioner. Eph. vi. SU'PPLIC ATORY*,sup'-ple-ka-tur-6. a. Petitiona- ry. Bp. Hall. SUPPLFER*, sSp-pll'-ur. n. s. One who supplies 3 one who makes up for an omission. Stacklwuse. To SUPPLY'S, sup-pli'. v. a. [suppleo,ha.t.' } suppli- er, Fr.1 To fill upas any deficiencies happen. Spen- ser. To give something wanted ; to yield 3 to af- ford. Bacon. To relieve with something wanted. Sliak. To serve instead of. Waller. To give or bring, whether good or bad. Prior. To fill an}' room made vacant. Milton. To accommodate ; to furnish. Dryden. SUPPLY', sup-pll'. n. s. Relief of want 3 cure of de- ficiency. 2 Cor. viii. SUPPL Y'MENT*, s&p-pll'-ment. n.s. Prevention of deficiency. Shakspeare. Ob. T. 2 T oSUPPO'RT§, sup-p6rt'. v. a. [supporter, Fr. 3 supportare, Ital.] To sustain ; to prop ; to bear up. MiU.on. To endure any thing painful without be- ing overcome. Milton. To endure ; to bear. Dry- den. To sustain ; to keep from fainting. Milton. SUPPOTtT, sfip-p6rt'. n. s. [Fr.] Act or power of sustaining. Locke. Prop ; sustaining power. Ne- cessaries of life. Shenstone. Maintenance ; supply. Blackstone. SUPPO'RTABLE, sup-p6rt'-a-bl. a. [Fr.] Tolera- ble 3 to be endured. Shakspeare. SUPPO'RTABLENESS, sup-port'-a-bl-ngs. n. s. The state of being tolerable. Hammond. SUPPO'RTANCE, sup-pc-rt'-anse. ) n. s. Main- SUPPORTA'TION, sup-p6r-ta'-shun. \ tenance ; support. Slutkspeare. SUPPO'RTER, sup-p6rt'-fir. 93. n. s. One that sup- Eorts. Shak. Prop ; that by which any thing is orne up from falling. Bacon. Sustainer; com- forter. South. Maintainer ; defender. Wolton. — Supporters. [In heraldry.] Figures of beasts, birds, and sometimes of human beings, which support the arms. Camden. SUPPO'RTFUL*, sup-p6rt'-ful. a. Abounding with support. Mirror for Magistrates. Ob. T. SUPPO'RTMENT* sup-p6rt'-ment. n. s. Support. Wotton. Ob. T. SUPPO'SABLE, sup-p6'-za-bl. 405. a. That maybe supposed. Hammond. SUPPO'SAL, sup-p6'-zal. 83. n. s. Position without proof; imagination ; belief. Shakspeare. To SUPPOSE §, sup-p6ze'. v. a. [supposer, Fr. ; sup- pono, Lat.] To lay down without proof; to advance by way of argument or illustration without main- taining the truth of the position. Wilkins. To ad- mit without proof. Tillotson. To imagine ; to be- lieve without examination. 2 Sam. xiii. Torecjuire as previous. Hale. To make reasonably supposed. Female Quixote. To put one thing by fraud in the place of another. SUPPO'SE, sup-p6ze'. n. s. Supposition ; position without proof; unevidenced conceit. Slutkspeare. SUPPOSER, s5p- P 6'-zur. 98. n.s. One that su. poses. Sliakspeare. SUPPOSITION, sfip- P 6-z?sh'-un. n. s. [Fr.] Posi tion laid down; hypothesis; imagination yet un proved. Shakspeare. SUPPOSITIONAL*, sup-po-zlsh'-un-al. a . Hypo- thetical. South. SUPPOSITITIOUS, sup-po_z-e-t?sh'-fis. a. [sappos itus, supposititius, Lat.] Not genuine; put by a trick into the place or character belonging 10 an- other. Bacon. Supposed ; imaginary ; not real. Woodward. SUPPOSITI'TIOUSLY*, sup-poz-c-tlsh'-us-le. ad. By supposition. Sir T. Herbert. SUPPOSITl'TIOUSNESS, sup-poz-e-tlsh'-fis-nes. n. s. Slate of being counterfeit. SUPPOS1TIVE*, sup-poz'-ze-t?v. a. Supposed 5 in- cluding a supposition. Chillinzicorlh. SUPPO'SITIVE*, sup-poz'-ze-t?v. n. s. What im- plies supposition : as, if. Harris. SUPPO'SITIVELY, sup- P 6z'-ze-tlv-le. ad. Upon supposition. Hammond. SUPPO'SITORY, sup-p&z'-ze-tur-e. n.s. [supposi- toire, Fr. ; suppositorium, Lat.] A kind of solid clyster. Arbutlinot. To SUPPRESS §, sup-preV. v. a. [suppHmo, sup- pressus, Lat.] To crush ; to overpower ; to over- whelm 3 to subdue 3 to reduce from any state of ac- tivity or commotion. Sliak. To conceal 3 not to tell 5 not to reveal. Milton. To keep in ; not to let out. Shakspeare. SUPPRESSION, sup-prfoh'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; sup. pressio, Lat.] The act of suppressing. Not publi- cation. Pope. SUPPRESSIVE* s&p-pres'-slv. a. Suppressing 5 overpowering; concealing; keeping in. Sew- ard. SUPPRESSOR, sup-pres'-sur. 166. n. s. One that suppresses, crushes, or conceals. Sherwood. To SU'PPURATE §, sfip'-pu-rate. v. a. [pus, puris, Lat. ; suppurer, Fr.] To generate pus or matter Arbuthnot. To SU'PPURATE, sup'-pu-rate. v. n. To grow to pus. SUPPURA'TION, sup-pu-ra'-shun. n . s. [Fr.] The ripening or change of the matter of a tumour into pus. Wiseman. The matter suppurated. South. SUPPURATIVE, sup'-pu-ra-tlv. 512> a> [ suppur(t . tif, Fr.] Digestive 3 generating matter. Cot grave. SUPPURATIVE*, s&p'-pu-ra-uV. n. s. A suppurat- ing medicine. Wiseman. SUPPUTA'TION, sup-pu-ta'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.; sup- puto, Lat.] Reckoning ; account 5 calculation ; computation. Holder. To SUPPU'TE, sup-pute'. v. a. [supputo, Lat.] To reckon ; to calculate. SU'PRA, su'-pra, [Lat.,] in composition, signifies above or before. SUPRALAPSA'RIAN, su-pra-lap-sa'-re-an. ) n SUPRALA'PSARY, su-pra-lap'-sar-e. $ a * [supra and lapsus, Lat.] Antecedent to the fall of man. SUPRALAPSA'RIAN*, su-pra-lap-sa'-re-an. n. s. One who maintains the supralapsarian doctrine : viz. that God does only consider his own glory in all that he does ; and that whatever is done arises, as from its first cause, from the decree of God ; that, in this decree, God intended to make the world, to put a race of men in it, to constitute them under Adam as their fountain and head ; that he decreed Adam's sin, the lapse of his posterity, and Christ's death, &c. Burnet. SUPRAMU NDANE*, su-pra-mun'-dane. a. [supra, and mundane.'] Above the world. Hallywell. I SUPRAVU'LGAR, su-pra-vul'-gur. a. Above the vulgar. Collier. SUPRE'MACY, su-prem'-a-se.511. [See Primacy.] n. s. Highest place ; highest authority ; state of be- ing supreme. Hooker. SUPRE'ME $, su-preme'. a. [supremus, Lat.] High- est in dignity ; highest in authority ; used only of intellectual or political elevation. Hooker. High- est ; most excellent. Dryden. SUR SUR -116. move, ndr, ntSi 5 — tube, tub, biill ;— oil ; — pound ;— thin, Tins. SUPREMELY, siVp^me'-le. ad. In the highest de-l prce. Pope. StJR, sftr, [Fr.,] in composition, means upon or over\ and above. StfRADDI'TlON, sftr-ad-dish'-ftn. n.s. Something-' added to the name. Sliakspeare. SU'RAL, su'-ral. 83. a. [sura, Lat.] Being in the calf of the leg. Wiseman. SU'RANCE, shu'-ranse. 454. n.s. [from sure.] War- rant; security; assurance. Sliakspeare. SU'_RBASE$*, s&r'-base. n.s. [sur and base.] A kind of skirt, border, or moulding, above the base. Pennant. SURBA'SED*, s&r-baste'. a. [sur basse, Fr.] Having a surhase or moulding. Gray. To SURBA'TE^sfir-baie'. v. a. [solbaiir, Fr.] To bruise and batter the feet with travel ; to harass ; to fatigue. Clarendon. SU'RBEAT*, siir'-bete. ) The participle passive of SURBE'T, stir-bet'. $ sur beat, which Spenser and Hall have used for surbate. Speriser. Bp. Hall. 7'tf SURGE A'SE §, sur-sese'. v. n. [sur and cesser, Fr. ; cesso, Lat.] To be at an end ; to stop ; to cease; to be no longer in use or being. Donne. To leave off; to practise no longer; to refrain finally. Hooker. To SURCEA'SE, sfir-sese'. v. a. To stop ; to put to an end. Spenser. SURCEA'SE, sfir-sese'. 227. n. s. Cessation; stop. Honker. To SURCHARGE $, siir-tsharje'. v. a. [surcharger , Fr.] To overload ; to overburthen. Spenser. SURCHA'RGE, sfir-tsharje'. n.s. [Fr.] Burthen! added to burthen ; overburthen ; more than can be well borne. Bacon. SURCHA'RGER. sfir-lshar'-jfir. 98. n. s. One that | overburthens. SURCINGLE §, siV-s?ng-gl. 405. n.s. [sur and j cingulum, Lat.] A girth with which the burthen is > bound upon a horse. Tiie girdle of a cassock. J Marvel. SURCI'NGLED*, sfir-s?ng'-gld. a. Girt. Bp. Hall. SU'RCLE, sfirk'-kl. 405. n. s. [surculus, Lat.] A shoot ; a twig j a sucker. Broum. SU'RCOAT, sfir'-kote. n. s. [surcot, old Fr.] A j short coat worn over the rest of the dress. Camden. | SU'RCREW*, sfir'-krofi. n. s. [sur and crew.] Aug- j mentation ; additional collection. Wolton. Ob. T. j To SU, shure'~te. [See Nicety.] n.s. [surele 1 , Fr.l Certainty ; indubitableness. Gen. xv. Secu- rity} safety. Sidney. Foundation of stability 3 sup- 59 port. Milton. Evidence ; ratification ; confirma- tion. Shak. Security against loss or damage 5 se- curity for payment. Shak. Hostage ; bondsman " one that gives security for another; one that if bound for another. Gen. xliii. SURF* sfiff. n.s. [probably from the Fr. stir/lot ] The swell or dashing of the sea that beats again* rocks or the shore. Falconer. SU;RFACE, sfir'-fas. 91. n. s. [old Fr.] Super* cies ; outside ; superfice. Pother by. roSU'RFElT§, sfir'-fft. 255. p. a. [sur and /oil «, Fr.] To feed with meat or drink to satiety arc sickness ; to cram over-much. Sliakspeare. To SU'P^EJT, sfir'-fft. v.n. To be fed to satietr and sickness. Sliakspeare. SU'RFElT, sfir'-ffc. n. s. Sickness or satiety caused by over-fulness. Sliakspeare. SU'RFEITER, sfir'-f it-fir. 98. n. s. One who riots a glutton. Sliakspeare. SURFEITING*, sfir'-f ft-fng. n. s. The act of feed- ing with meat or drink to satiety and sickness. Da- vies. SU'RFEITWATER, sfir'-fit-wa-tfir. n.s. Water that cures surfeits. Locke. SURGED, surje. n. s. \surgo, Lat.] A swelling sea ; wave rolling above the general surface of the wa ter; billow; wave. Spenser. To SURGE, surje. v. n. To swell ; to rise high Spenser. SU-'RGELESS*, sfirje'-les. a. Without surges ; calm Mirror for Magistrates. SU'RGEON$. sfir'-jfin. 259. n.s. [corrupted from chirurgeon ; surgien, old Fr.] One who cures by manual operation; one whose duty is to act in ex- ternal maladies by the direction of the physician Sidney. SU'RGEONRY, sfir'-jfin-re. £ n. s. The act of cur- SURGERY, sfir'-jer-e. ) ing by manual op- eration. Spenser. SU RGICAL*> sfir'-je-kal. a. Pertaining to the art and skill of a surgeon ; chirurglcal. SU T/ RGY, sfir'-je. a. Rising in billows. Pope. SU'RLILY.sfir'-le-le. ad. In a surly manner. Tlu Student, vol. ii. SU'RLINESS.sfir'-le-nes. n.s. Gloomy moroseness 5 sour an^er. Milton. SU'RLING, sfirl'-lng. n. s. A sour, morose fellow. Camden. Ob. J. SU'RLY$, sur'-le. a. [pup, Sax.; sural, old Fr.] Gloomily morose; rough; uncivil; sour; silently angry. Sliakspeare. SURMI'SAL*, sfir-ml'-zal. n.s. Imperfect notion ; surmise. Milton. To SU'RMISE§, sfir-mlze'. v. a. [surmise, Fr.] To suspect; to imagine imperfectly; to imagine with- out certain knowledge. Hooker. SURMPSE, sfir-mlze'. n.s. [surmise, Fr.] Imperfect notion ; suspicion ; imagination not supported by knowledge. Hooker. SURMI'SER*, sfir-ml'-zfir. n. s. One who surmises. Lively Oracles. To SU'RMOUNT§, sfir-mSfint'. v. a. [surmonter, Fr.] To rise above. Raleigh. To conquer ; to overcome. Hayward. To surpass; to exceed. Milton. SURMO'UNTABLE. sfir-m3fint'-a-bl. a. [surmoni- ahle, old Fr.] Conquerable ; superable. "-NTT" rises above another. SURMO'UNTER, sfir-m66nt'-fir. n. s. One that SURMO'UNTING, sfir-mfi&nt'-mg. n. s. The act of getting uppermost. SU'RMULLET, sfir'-mfil-l&t. n. s. A sort of fish Ainsworth. SU'RNAME §, sfir'-name. 492. n. s. [suimom, Fr.] The name of the family; the name which one has over and above the Christian name. Spenser. An appellation added to the original name. Slv'k. To SURNA'ME, sfir-name'. v. a. [surnommer, Fr.l To name by an appellation added to the original name. Isaiah, xliv. To SURPASS §, s&r-pas'. v. a. [suryasser, Fr.] To excel; to exceed ; to go beyond in excellence. Shak 901' SUR sus Q3 3 559.— Fate, fir. fall, fat;— me, met,— pine, pin ;- SURPA'SSARLE^ftr-pas'-sa-bl. a. That may be excelled, hict. SURPASSING, sftr-pas'-slng. part. a. Excellent in a high desrree. Milton. SURPA'SSINGLY, sfir-pas'-sfng-le. ad. In a very excellent manner. SU'RPLICES, sfir'-pHs. 140. n. s. [surpelis, surplis, Fr. ; superpellicium, Lat.] The white garb which the clergy wear in their acts of ministration. ShaJcspeai-e. SURPLICE-FEES*, sur'-phVfeez. n. s. Fees paid to the clergv for occasional duties. Warton. SU'RPLICED*. s&r'-pllst. a. Wearing a surplice. Mallet. SU'RPLUS, sur'-plfis. ) n. s. [surplus, SU'RPLUSAGE, sfir'-plus-fdje. 90. $ Fr. ; sur, and plus, Lat.] A supernumerary part ; overplus ; what remains when use is satisfied. Spenser. SURPRI'SAL, sfir-prl'-zal. 88. > n. s. [surprise,Fr.-\ SURPRISE, s&r-prlze'. \ The act of tak- ing unawares ; the state of being taken unawares. Wotlon. A dish which has nothing in it. King. Sudden confusion or perplexity. To SURPRFSE $, sfir-prlze'. v. a. [surpris, Fr. ; from surprendreh To take unawares ; to fall upon unexpectedly. Shak. To astonish by something wonderful. L' 'Estrange. To confuse or perplex by something sudden. Milton. SURPRISING, sur-prl'-zfng. 410. part. a. Won- derful ; raising sudden wonder or concern- Ad- dison. SURPRISINGLY, sfir-prl'-zfng-le. ad. To a de- gree that raises wonder 3 in a manner that raises wonder. Addison. SU'RQUEDRY, sur'-kwe-dre. n. s. [mr and cuider, old Fr.] Overweening pride ; insolence. Spenser. Ob. J. SURREBUTTER, s&r-re-but'-tur. n. s. [In law.] A second rebutter; answer to a rebutter. SURREJOPNDER, sur-re-j6m'-d&r. n. s. [surre- joindre, Fr.] [In law.] A second defence of the plaintiff's action, opposite to the rejoinder of the defendant, which the civilians call trijilicatio. Bai- ley. To SURRENDER §, sur-ren'-dfir. v. a. [old Fr.] To yield up ; to deliver up. Hooker. To deliver up an enemy. Fairfax. To SURRENDER, sfir-ren'-d&r, to give one's self up. Glanville. SURRENDER, sfir-ren'-d&r. S UR RE'N DR Y, sfir-reii'-dre. ion. The act of resigning or givin Shaksjieare. SURRE'PTION, sur-rep'-shun. ??. s. [surreptus Lat.] Act of obtaining or procuring surreptitiously Bp. Hall. Sudden and unperceived intrusion. Hammond. SURREPTITIOUS §, sfir-rep-tlsh'-fis. a. [surrep- tilius. Lat.] Done by stealth ; gotten or produced fraudulently. Brown. SURREPTITIOUSLY, sur-rep-tlsh'-fis-le. ad. By stealth; fraudulently. Gov. of the Tongue. To SURROGATE §, sur'-r6-gate. v. a. [surrogo, Lat.] To put in the place of another. Proceed, against Garnet, fyc. SURROGATE, siV-r6-gate. 91. n. s. [surrogatus, Lat.] A deputy ; a delegate ; the deputy of an ec- clesiastical judge. Const, and Canons Eccl. SURROGATION, s&r-ro-ga'-shtin. n. s. [surroga- tio. Lat ] The act of putting in another's place. ■■beck. v. n. To yield ; n. s. The act of yielding. Mil- up to another. To SURVE'NE, s&r-vene'. v. a. [sm-venir. Fr.] To supervene; to come as an addition. Harvey. To SURVE'Y §, sfir-va'. v. a. [suneoir, old Fr.] To overlook ; to have under the view ; to view as from a higher place. Milton. To oversee, as one in au thority. To view as examining. Spenser. To measure and estimate land or buildings. SURVEY, sfir-va', or sfir'-va. [sfir'-v£ Jones, Ful ton and Knight.'] n. s. View ; prospect. Milton Superintendence. Mensuration. tyCj' This substantive was, till within these few years, universally pronounced with the accent on the last syl- lable, like the verb : but, since Johnson and Lowth lei! the way, a very laudable desire of regulating and im- proving our language ha3 given the substantive the ac- cent on the first syllable, according to a very general rule in the language, 492 ; but this has produced an anomaly in pronunciation, for which, in my opinion, the accentual distinction of the noun and verb does not make amends: if we place the accent on the first syl- lable of the noun, the ey in the last must necessarily be pronounced like ey in barley, attorney, journey, Sec. Notwithstanding, therefore, this accentuation has num- bers to support it, I think it but a shortsighted emen- dation, and not worth adopting. All our orthoepists pronounce the verb with the accent on the last, except Fenning, who accents the first. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Air. Nares, Dr. Ash, Perry, and Entick, [and Todd] accent the first syllable of the noun ; but Dr. Johnson and Bailey, the original lexicographers, accent the last. Dr. Kenrick does not accent the noun, and Barclay has not inserted it. W. Killings. To SURROUND, sur-rSfind'. v. a. [surronder, Fr.] To environ ; to encompass ; to enclose on all sides. Milton. SURSO'LID, sftr-sol'-id. n. s. [In algebra.] The fourth multiplication or power of any number what- ever taken as the root. Treroux. SURSO'LID Problem. 7i.s. [In mathematicks.] That which cannot be resolved but by curves of a higher nature than a conick section. Harris. SURTOUT, sfir-t66l'. n.s. [Fr.] A large coat worn over all the rest. Prior. Arbuthnot. SURVE'YAL*, sfir-va' -al. n.s. The same as survey. Barrow. SURVE'YOR, sfir-va'-fir. 166. n. s. An overseer : one placed to superintend others. Siuik. A meas- urer of land. Shakspeare. SURVE'YORSHIP, s&r-va'-fir-shfp. n. s. The of- fice of a surveyor. To SURVI'EW, sfir-vfi'. v. a. [surveoir, old Fr.] To overlook; to have in view; to survey. Spenser. Oh. J. SURVI'EW*, sfir-vu'. n. s. Survev. Sanderson. Ob. T. To SURVl'SE*, sfir-vlze'. v. a. [snr and riser, Fr.] To look over. B. Jonsqn. Ob. T. SURVFVAL*, sfir-vl'-val. )n.s. [survivance, SURVFVANCE*, sfir-vl'-vanse. $ Fr.] Survivor- ship. Sir G. Buck. To SURV1'VE$, sur-vlve'. v. n. [supervivo, Lat. ; survivre, Fr.] To live after the death of another Shak. To live after any thing. Spenser. To re- main alive. Pope. To SURVPVE. stir-vlve'. v. a. To outlive. Watts. SURVPVER, or SURVFVOR*, sfir-vl'-vfir. n. s. One who outlives another. Brown, m or!! SURVPVERSHIP, ? s * v SURVIVORSHIP*, S outliving another. Aylijfe. SUSCEPTlBFLmVsfis-sep-te-biF-e-te. n. s. ity of admitting; tendenev to admit. Hale. SUSCE PTIBLE $, sfis-sep'-te-bl. [See Incomp* rabi.k.] a. [Fr.] Capable of admitting ; disposed 1 to admit. Wotlon. 05= Dr. Johnson says, Prior has accented this word im- properly on the first syllable. To which observation Mr. Mason adds, " Perhaps it is Johnson, who has im- properly placed the accent on the second syllable." II Mr. Mason were asked why, perhaps he would be puz- zled to answer. If it he said that usage is on the side of Prior, what shall we think of all our orthoepists who have accented this word like Johnson? for thus we find the word accented bv Sheridan, Kenrick, Scott, Perry, W. Johnston, Buchanan, and Barclay. Entick has, indeed, the accent on the first, but on the second of sus- ceptive ; and, if usage alone is pleaded for the accent on the first, it may be answered, What can be a better proof of usage than the authors I have quoted? But Mr. Nares, with his usual good sense, reprobates this accentuation on the first syllable, and says it is high time to oppose it. The only argument that can be al- leged for it is that which Mr. Elphinston has brought in° favour of comparable, admirable, and acceptable, which is, that, when the accent is on the second syllabi* of these words, they signify only a physical possibility 902 ***M%JS? Qual sus SWA — n6, move nor, not ; —to-be, tub, bull •,— 611 ; — pound ; — th\n, this. of being compared, admired, and accepted; but when the accent is on the first, they signify a fitness or wor- thiness of being compared, admired, and accepted. "Thus," says he, "one tiling is literally comparable with another, if it can be compared with it, though not perhaps comparable, that is, fit to be compared to it; so a thing may be acceptable by a man, that is far from being acceptable to him." — Principles of the English Language, vol. i. page 169. This is the best reason I ever yet heard for this high accentuation; but how such a difference of pronunciation tends to perplex and obscure the meaning, may bo seen under the word Bowl: nor does the word in question seem susceptible of such a difference in the sense from a different ac- centuation. When poets are on the rack for a word of a certain length and a certain accent, it is charity to make allowances for their necessities; but no quarter should be given to coxcombs in prose, who have no bet- ter plea for a novelty of pronunciation, than a fop has for being the first in the fashion, however ridiculous and absurd. W. SUSCE'PTIBLENESS*, sfis-sep'-te-bl-nes. n. s. Susceptibility. SUSCE'PTION, sus-sep'-shun. n. s. [susceptus, Lat.] Act of taking. Bv. Hail. SUSCEPTIVE, sus-sep'-t.v. 157. a. Capable to ad- mit. Fotherhi/. SUSCEPTI'VITY* sus-se>t?v'-e-te. n.s. Capabili- ty of ad m i tti ng. Wollasion. SUSCE'PTOR* sus-sep'-tur. n. s. [Lat.] One who undertakes ; a godfather. Puller. SUSCI'PIENCY, s&s-sip'-pe-en-se. n. s. Reception ; admission. SUSCFPIENT$, sfis-slp'-pe-ent. n.s. [suscipieris, Lat.] One who takes ; one that admits or receives. Br.. Taylor. SUSCIPIENT*, sus-sip'-pe-ent. a. Receiving ; ad- mitting. Barrow. !ToSU'SCrfATE$, sus'-se-tate. 91. v. a. [susciter, Fr. ; suscito, Lat.] To rouse ; to excite. Sir T. Elyot. SUSCITA'TION, sus-se-t-V-shun. n.s. [Fr.] The act of rousing or exciting. Pearson. To SUSPE'CT §, sus-pekt'. v. a. [suspicio, suspec- tum, Lat.] To imagine with a degree of fear and jealousy what is not known. Bacon. To imagine guilty without proof. Locke. To hold uncertain ; to doubt. Addison. To SUSPE'CT, sus-pSkt'. v. n. To imagine guilt. Shakspeare. SUSPE'CT, sus-pekt'. part. a. [suspect, Fr.] Doubt- ful. Glanville. SUSPE'CT, sus-pekt'. n. s. Suspicion ; imagination without proof. Sidney. Ob. J. SUSPE'CTABLE*, sfis-pek'-ta-bl. a. That may be suspected. Cotgrave. SUSPE'CTEDLY*, sus-pek'-ted-le. ad. So as to be suspected; so as to excite suspicion. Bp. Taylor. SUSPE'CTEDNESS*, sus-pek'-ted-ngs. n. s. State of being suspected; state of being doubted. Dr. Robinson. SUSPE'CTER*, sus-pek'-lfir. n. s. One who sus- pects. Beaumont and Fletcher. SUSPE'CTFUL*, s5s-pekt'-ful. a. Apt lo suspect; apt to mistrust. Bailey. SUSPE'CTLESS*, sus-p&it'-les. a. Not suspecting; without suspicion. Sir T. HerbeH. Not suspected. Beaumont, and Fletcher. To SUSPE'ND §, s&s-pend'. v. a. [suspendre, Fr. ; suspendo, Lat.] To hang ; to make to hang by any thing. Donne. To make to depend upon. Tillot- son. To interrupt ; to make to stop for a time. Milton. To delay; to hinder from proceeding. Shakspeare. To "keep undetermined. Locke. To debar for a time from the execution of an office or enjoyment of a revenue. Sanderson. SUSPE'NDER* s&s-pen'-dfir. ». s. One who sus- pends or delays. Mountagu. SUSPE'NSE, sfis-pense'. n.s. [suspens, Fr. ; sus- pensus, Lat.] Uncertainty; delay of certainty or determination ; indetermination. Hooker. Act of withholding the judgement. Locke. Stop in the midst of two opposites. Pope. SUSPE'NSE, sus-peW. a. [suspensus, Lat.] Held Held in doubt; held from proceeolng. Milton. in expectation. Hooker. SUSPENSION, s&s-pen'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] Act of making to hang on any thing. Pearson. Act of making to depend on any thing. Act of delaying. Waller. Act of withholding or balancing the judge- ment. Brown. Interruption ; temporary cessation. Clarendon. Temporary privation of an office : as, The clerk incurred suspension. SUSPE'NSIVE* sus-p&i'-slv. a. Doubtful. Beaum. SUSPENSORY, s5s-pen'-s5r-e. 512. [See Domes- tick.] a. [suspensoire, Fr. ; susjxnsus. Lat.] Sus- pending ; belonging to that by which a thing hangs. Brown. Doubtful. Brown. SU'SPICABLE*, s&s'-pe-ka-b). a. [suspicor, Lat.] That may be suspected ; liable to suspicion. More. SUSPICION $, sus-pfsh'-un. n. s. [Fr. ; suspicio, Lat.] The act of suspecting; imagination of some- thing ill without proof. Sianey. SUSPI'CIOUS, sus-plsh'-fis. 314. a. [susjriciosus, Lat.] Inclined to suspect ; inclined to imagine ill without proof. South. Indicating suspicion or fcac Swift. Liable to suspicion ; giving reason lo una gine ill. Hooker. SUSPI'CIOUSLY, sus-plsy-us-le. ad. With suspi cion. So as to raise suspicion. Sidney. SUSPICIOUSNESS, _sus-p?sh'-&s-nes. n. s. Ten dency to suspicion. Sidney. SUSPl'RAL*, sus-pl'-ral. n. s. A spring of water passing under ground towards a conduit or cistern* also, a breathing- hole or ventiduct. Cliambers. SUSPIllA'TION, sus-pe-ra'-shun. n. s. [sitspiratio, from suspiro, Lat.] Sigh ; act of fetching the breath deep. Shakspeare. To SUSPi'RE $, sus-plre'. v.n. [suspiro, Lat.] To sigh ; to fetch the breath deep. To breathe. Shak SUSPI'RED* sus-plrd'. part. a. Wished for; de- sired earnestly : a latinism. Wotton. To SUSTAIN §, sus-tane'. v. a. [soustevir, Fr. ; sus tineo, Lat.] To bear ; to prop ; to hold up. More To support ; to keep from sinking under evil Holder. To maintain ; to keep. Milton. To help : to relieve; to assist. Shak. To bear; to endure. .Dryden. To bear without yielding. Waller. To suffer; to bear as inflicted. Shaksyeare. SUSTA'IN*, sus-tane'. n. s. What' sustains or sup- ports. Milton. Ob. T. SUSTA'INABLE, s&s-ta'-na-bl. a. [soustenablc. Fr.] That may be sustained. SUSTA'lNER, sos-ta'-nar. 98. n. s. One that props: one that supports. More. One that suffers; a suf- ferer. Chapman. SU'STENANCE, sus' te-nanse. n. s. [sonsienance, Fr.] Support; maintenance. Sidney. Necessaries of life; victuals. Temple. SUSTE'NTACLE*, sus-ten'-ta-kl. n. s. [sustenta- cidutn, Lat.] Support. More. Ob. T. SUSTENTA'TION, sus-ten-ta'-slmn. n. s. [Fr. ; from sustento, Lat.] Support; preservation from falling. Boyle. Use of victuals. Brown. Mainte- nance; support of life. Bacon. SUSURRA'TION, su-sur-ra'-shon. [See Mucu- lent.] n.s. [susurro, Lat.] Whisper; soft murmur. SUTE. sute. n. s. [for suite.] Sort. Hooker. SU'TILE*, su'-tll. a. [sutilis, Lat.] Done by stitch- ing. Boswell. SU'TLER, sut'-lur. 98. n. s. [soeteler, Dutch ; sud- ler, Germ.] A man that sells provisions and liquor in a camp. Shakspeare. SU'TURATED*, su'-tslm-ra-teU a. [sutura, Lat.] Stitched or knit together. Smith. SU'TURE, su'-tshufe. 463. n. s. [Fr. ; sutura, Lat.] A manner of sewing or stitching, particularly of stitching wounds. Shaiy. A particular articula- tion : the bones of the cranium are joined to one another by four svhires. Quincy. SWAB§, swob. 85. n. s. [swabb, Swed.] A kind of mop to clean floors. To SWAB, swob v.a. [r-pebban, Sax.] To clean with a mop. Shtlvock. Used chiefly at sea. SWA'BBER,sw6b'-b&r.98.H.f [Dutch.] A sweep- er of the deck. Sliakspeare. 903 SWA SWA \TT 559.— File, fir, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin SWAD* sw6d. n. s. [rpe^an, Sax.] A peasecod. Cotgrave. A squab, or short, fat person. B. Jonson.. To SWA'DDLE §, swod'-dl. 405. v. a. [rpeSan, Sax.] To swathe j to bind in clothes : generally used of binding- new-born children. Bp. Taylor. To beat ; to cudgel. Sir J. Harington. SWA'DDLE, swod'-dl. 405. n.s. [rpeeSil, Sax.] Clothes bound round the body. Addison. SWA'DDLLMGBAND, sw6d'-l?ng-band. ) SWA'DDLINGCLOTH, sw6d'-l'ing-kl6^. > n. s. SWA'DDLINGCLOUT, swad-lfng-klMt. ) Cloth^ wrapped round a new-born child. Spenser. To SWAG§, swag. 85. v.n. [pi^an, Sax. ; sweigia, Icel.] To sink down by its weight ; to hang heavy. Wotton. SWA'GBELLIED*, swag'-bel-Ild. a. Having a large belly. Shakspeare. To SWAGE §, swaje. v. a. [from assuage.'] To ease ; to soften 3 to mitigate 5 to appease } to quiet. Milton. To SWAGE*, swaje. v. n. To abate. Barret. To SWA'GGER§,' swag'-gur. 98. v. n. [sicadderen, Dutch; rpe^an. Sax.] To bluster; to bully; to be turbulently and tumultuously proud and insolent. Shakspeare. SWA'GGERER, swag'-gur-ur. 383. n. s. A blus- terer; a bully; a turbulent, noisy fellow. Snak. SWA'GGY, swag'-ge. 383. a. [from swag.] De- pendent by its weight. Brown. SWAIN $, swane. 202, 383. n. s. [rpein, Sax. and Runick ; siren, Su. Goth. ; swaina, Lappon. ; rpan, Sax.] A young man. Spenser. Shai. A country servant A pastoral youth. employed in husbandry Pope. SWA'INISH*, swa'-nfsh. a. Rustick; ignorant. Mil- ton. SWAINMOTE, swane'-mote n. s. [stvainmotus, law Lat. from rpan, Sax.] A court tojching mat- ters of the forest, kept, by the charter of the forest thrice in the year. Coivel. To SWAIP*, swipe, v. n. To walk proudly : in our northern dialect for sweep. To SWALE, swale. )v.n. [rpelan, Sax.] To To SWEAL, swele. 227. \ waste or blaze away ; to melt : as, The candle su-afes. Phaer. To SWALE*, swale. 1\ a. To consume ; to waste. Congreve. SWA'LLET, swol'-let. n. s. [sivall, Swed.] Among the tin-miners, water breaking in upon the miners at their work. Bailey. SWA'LLOW, swol'-!6. 327. n. s. [rpalepe, Sax. ; swalu, Su. Goth.] A small bird of passage ; or, as some say, a bird that lies iiid and sleeps in the win- ter. Shakspeare. 'To SWA'LLOW §, sw6r-l6. v. a. [rpelftan, Sax. ; swelgen, Dutch.] To take down the throat. Locke. To receive without examination. Locke. To en- gross ; to appropriate. 2 Sam. To absorb ; to take in; to sink in any abyss; to engulf. 1 Cor. xv. To occupy. Locke. To seize and waste. Thomson. To engross; to engage completely. Isaiah. SWA'LLOW, swal'-ld. 85. n.$. [«eate-,Su. Goth.] The throat ; voracity. South. A gulf ; a whirl- pool. Chaucer. SWA'LLOWTAIL, swol'-lo-tale. n. s. A species of willow. Baron. SWA'LLOW WORT, swol'-l6-wurt. n.s. A plant. SWAM. swam, [rpam, Sax.] The preterit of swim. SWAMP §, swomp. n.s. [swamms, Goth.; rpam. Sax. ; siwmme. Dutch ; suomp, Dan. ; swamp, Swed.] A marsh ; a bog ; a fen. Goldsmith. To SWAMP*, swomp. v. a. To whelm or sink as in a swamp. SWA'MPY, swom'-pe. a. Boggy ; fenny. Thomson. SWANJ, swon. 85. n. s. [rpan, Sax.; suan, Dan. ; swaen. Dutch.] A large water-fowl, that has a long neck, and is very white, excepting when it is young. Its less and feet are black, as is its bill, which is like that of a goose. Swans use wings like sails, so that they are driven along in the wa- ter. The swan is reckoned by Moses among the unclean creatures ; but it was consecrated to Apo<- lo, the god of musick, because it was said to sing melodiously when it was near expiring : a tradi tion, generally received, but fabulous. Calmet. SWA'JNSKIN, swon'-skln. n.s. A kind of soft flan nel, imitating for warmth the down of a swan. To SWAP §*, swop. 85. v. a. [swipa, Icel.; rpapan, Sax.] To strike with a long or sweeping stroke; to strike against ; to throw violently. Chaucer. To SWAP*, swop, v. n. To fall down. Chaucer. To ply the wings with noise ; to strike the air. More. SWAP*, swop. n. s. A blow; a stroke. Beaumont and Fletcher. SWAP, swop. ad. Hastily ; with hasty violence : as He did it swap : a low word. To SWAP, swop. v.a. To exchange. See To Swop SWARD §, sward, n. s. [sward, Swed.; rpeajib. Sax.] The skin of bacon. Brewer. The surface of the ground ; whence green sward, or green sword. A. Philips. To SWARD, sward, v. n. To breed a green turfc Mortimer. SWARE, sware. The preterit of swear. SWARM §, swarm. 85. n. s. [ryeapm. Sax.; swerm, Dutch ; swaern. Swed.] A great body or number of bees or other small animals, particularly thoso bees that migrate from the hive. Dryden. A mul- titude ; a crowd. Shakspeare. To SWARM, swarm, v. n. [rpeapman, Sax.; swer- men, Dutch.] To rise as bees in a body and quit the hive. Dryden. To appear in multitudes ; to crowd ; to throng. Shuk. To be crowded ; to be overrun ; to be thronged. Spenser. To breed mul- titudes. Milton. To SWARM*, swarm, v. a. To press close together, as bees in swarming 5 to throng. Sackville. SWART $, swart. ) a. [swarts, Goth.; rpeapfc, SWA RTI I §, swarf/i. ] Sax. ; swart, Dutch.] Black ; darkly brown ; tawny. Spenser. Gloomy ; malig nant. Milton. To SWART, swart, v. a. To blacken ; to dusk. Brovm. SWARTH*, swari/i. n. s. A row of grass or corn cut down by the mower : a different spelling of swath. Pope. SWARTH*, or SWAIRTH*, swart/i. n. s. [per- haps from rpeapfc, Sax.] The apparition of a per- son about to die, as pretended in parts of the north. Grose. SWA'RTHILY, swar'-tfie-le. ad. Blackly; duskily ; tawnilv. SWA'RTHINESS, swar'-^e-nes. n. s. Darkness of complexion; tawniness. Feltham. SWA'RTHY, swme'-thb. a. Dark of complexion ; black ; dusky; tawny. Roscommon. To SWA'RTHY*. swar'-^e. v. a. To blacken ; to make swarthy or dusky. Cowley. SWA'RTINESS*, swar'-te-nes. )n. s. Darkness of SWA'RTNESS*, swafV-hes, \ colour ; duski- ness. Sherwood. SWA RTISH*, swar'-tlsh. a. Somewhat dark or dusky ; inclining to black. Bullein. SWA'RTY*, swar'-te. a. Swarthy : than which it is an older word. Burton,. To SWARVE*, swarv. v. n. To swerve : which see. Spenser. SYv 7 ASH, swosh. n. s. A figure, whose circumference is not round, but ovo! ; and whose mouldings lie not at right angles, but oblique to the axis of the work. Moxon. To SWASH £, swosh. v. n. [sicetsen, Teut.] To make a great clatter or noise ; to make a show of valour ; to vapour; to bully : whence a sicash-buck- ler. Shakspeare. SWASH, swosh. n. s. A blustering noise, in order to make a show of valour. The Three Ladies of London. Impulse of water flowing with violence. Diet. SWASH*, swosh. I a. Soft, like fruit too ripe. SWA'SHY*, sw6sh'-e. \ Pegge. SWASHBUCKLER*, sw&sh-buk'-ler. n. s. A kind of sword-player j a braggadocio; a bully. Milton 904 SWE SWE •116, move, ndr, not 5 — tube, tab, bull;— All; — pound; — tlnn, THIS. SWA'SHER, swosii'-fir. n. s. One who makes a show of valour or force of arms. Shakspeare. SWAT*, swat. ) , ct> , •., SWATE*,swate. \P reLo[ lo sweat - Chaucer. SWATCH, swdtsh. n.s. A swathe. Tusser. Ob. J. SWATH $, swoth. n.s. [sioade, Dutch.] A line of grass or corn cut down by die mower Tusser. A continued quantity. Sliak. [pueSe, puPetJil, Sax.] A band: a iillet. (xrew. To SWATHE, svviiTHe. 467. ;;. a. [ppeban, Sax.] To bind, as a child with bands and rollers. To confine. Bp. Hopkins. To SWAYsS swa. v. a. [schweben, Germ.; sweigio., Icel.; swiga, Su. Goth.] To wave in the hand; to move or wield any thing massy : as, to sway the sceptre. Spenser. To bias ; to direct to either side. Slia/c. To govern ; to rule ; lo overpower; to influ- ence. Shakspeare, To SWAY, swa. v. n. To hang heavy; to be drawn by weight. Bacon. To have weight ; to have in- fluence. Hooker. To bear rule; to govern. Sliak. To incline lo one side. SWAY, swa. n. s. The swing or sweep of a wea- pon. Milton. Any tiling moving with bulk and power. Shak. Weight; prepon deration; cast of the balance. Milton. Power ; rule ; dominion. Hooker. Influence ; direct ; on ; weight 011 one side. Sidfinj. To SWEAL. See To Swale. To SWEAR §, sware. 240. v. n. preter. swore or sicare ; part. pass, siccrn. [swaran, Goth. ; ppepian, Sax.; sweeren, Dutch.] To obtest some superiour power; to ulter an oath. Numbers. To declare or promise upon oath. Genesis. To give evidence upon oath. Shak. To obtest the great name pro- fanely. Tillotson. To SWEAR, sware. 240. v. a. To put to an oath; to bind by an oath administered. Exod. xiii. To declare upon oath : as, He swore treason against his friend. To obtest by an oath. Shakspeare. 5WE'ARER,swu'-rur. 98. n. s. A wretch who ob- tests the great name wantonly and profanely. Her- bert. SWE'ARING* swa'-rfng. n. s. The act of declar- ing upon oath; the act or practice of using profane oaths. Jer. xxiii. SWEAT §, swet. 234. n. s. frpeate, Sax. ; sioett, Su. Golh. ; zet, Hebrew.] The matter evacuated at the pores by heat or labour. Bacon. Labour ; toil ; drudgery. 2 Mace. ii. Evaporation of moisture. Mortimer. To SWEAT, swe4. v. n. pret. swat or sirnte, swet, sweated; parlicip. pass, sweaten. [yj-setan. Sax.] To be moist on the body with heat or labour. Shak. To toil; to labour; to drudge. Milton. To emit moisture. Bacon. To SWEAT, swet. v. a. To emit as sweat. Dryden, To make to sweat. SWE'ATER, sweV-fir. 98. n.s. One who sweats, or makes to sweat. Spectator. SWE'ATlLY*, swet'-le-le. ad. So as' to be moist with sweat ; in a sweaty state. SWE'ATINESS*, swet'-te-nes. n. s. The stale of being sweat v. Ash. SWEATING*, sweV-ting. n. s. [yptetim^, Sax.] The act of making to sweat. Moisture emitted. Mortimer. SWE' AT Y, swet'-te. a. [yps.'ci^, Sax.] Covered with sweat ; moist with sweat. Shak. Consisting of sweat. Swift. Laborious ; toilsome. Prior. SWEDE*, swede, n.s. A native of Sweden. Milton. SWE'DISH*, swe'-dlsh. a. Respecting the Swedes. Perm. To SWEEPS, sweep. 246. v. a. pret. and part. pass. swqit. [ppapan. -ppeopan, Sax.] To drive away with a besom. To clean with a besom. St. Luke. xv. To earn- with pomp. Shak. To drive or carry off with celerity and violence. Judges, v. To pass over with celerity and force. May. To rub over. Dry- den. To strike with a long stroke. Pope. To SWEEP, sweep, v. n. To pass with violence. tumult, or swiftness. Prov. xxviii. To pass with pomp; to pass with an equal motion. Shak. To move with a long reach. Dryden. SWEEP, sweep, n. s. The act of sweeping. The compass of any violent or continued motion. Vio- lent and general destruction. Graunt. Direction of anv motion not rectilinear. Sharp. S WEE/ PER, swe'-pur. n. s. One that sweeps Barret. SWEETINGS, sweep -ingz. 410. n.s. That which is swept away. Swift. SWEE'PNET, sweep'-n£t. n.s. A net that takes in a great compass. (Janiden. SWEETSTAKE, sweep' -stake, n. s. [siveep and stake.] Originally, perhaps, a game at cards; it is now applied to the winner of the wiiole that is staked or wagered, and is a common phrase at horse-races, usually called siceepstakes. Shakspeare. SWEETY, sweep'-e. a. Passing with great speed and violence over a great compass at once. Dnj- den. Wavy. Pope. Strutting ; drawn out. Dry- den. SWEET §. sweet. 246. a. [ypete, Sax. ; soet. Dutch.] Pleasing to any sense. Watts. Luscious lo the taste. Dav^s. Fragrant to the smell. Bacon. Me- lodious to the ear. Milton. Beautiful to the eye. Shak. Not salt. Bacon. Not sour. Bacon. Mild, soft; gentle. Shak. Grateful: pleasing. Chapman Not stale; not slinking : as. Thai meat is sweet. SWEET, sweet, n. s. Sweetness; something pleas- ing. Shak. A word of endearment. Shak. A perfume. Dryden. SWEETBREAD, sweel'-bred. n. s. The pancreas of the calf. Harvey. SWEETBRIER, sweet'-brl-ur. n. s. A fragrant shrub. Bacon. SWEETBRO'OM, sweet'-br66m. n.s. An herb Ainsworth. SWEETC1'CELY% sweet-sfs'-e-le. n. s. A plant. Miller. SWEETCI'STUS*, sweet-sis'-ius. n. s. A shrub, called, aha, gumcistus. Mas&rt. To SWEETEN, sweet'-t'n. 103. v. a. To make sweet. Sidney. To make mild or kind. Sout/u -To make less painful. Sidney. To palliate ; to reconcile. L' Estrange. To make grateful or pleas- ing. B. Jonson. To soften ; to make delicate. Dryden. To SWEETEN, sweet'-t'n. v. n. To grow sweet Bacon. SWEE'TENER, sweet'-t'n-i.r. n . s. One that palli ates; one that represents things lenderly. Swift That which contemperates acrimony. Temple. SWEETHEART, sweet'-hart. n. s. A lover or mis- tress. Shakspeare. SWEETING, sweet'-lng. 410. n. s. A sweet, luscious apple. Ascham. A word of endearment. Shak. SWEETISH, sweet'-lsh. a. Somewhat Flouer. SWEETISHNESS*, sweet'-)sh-n£s. n. s. Quality of being somewhat sweet. Bp. Berkeley. SWEE'TLY, sweet'-le. ad. [j-pefcltce, Sax.] In a sweet manner ; with sweetness. Canticles. SWEETMATJORAM*. See Marjoram. SW r EETMEAT, sweei'-mele. n. s. Delicacies made of fruits preserved with sugar. Sidney. SWEETNESS, sweet' -nes. n. s. [ypetmyye. Sax.] The quality of being sw r eel in any of its senses; fragrance ; melody ; lusciousness ; delicious- ness; agreeableness; delightfulness; gentleness of maimers ; mildness of aspect. Sidn?y. SWEET WILLIAM, sweet-wll'-yum. n.s. A plant. Drayton. SWEETWI'LLOW, sweet-wll'-ld. n. s. Gale or Dutch myrtle. To SWELLS, sw£ll. v.n. part. pass, suoiten. [ype)- lan, Sax.; swellen, Dutch.] To grow bigger; to grow turgid; to extend the parts. Dryden. To tu- mify by obstruction. Shak. To be exasperated. Shak. To look big. Shak. To be turgid. Mos- conunon. To protuberate. Isaiah, xxx. To rise into arrogance ; to be elated. Dryden. To be in- flated with anger. Psalm xii. To grow upon tue yoi> sweet SWI SWI CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 3— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— view. Shak. It implies commonly a notion of something wrong. Addison. To SWELL, swell, v. a. To cause to rise or in- crease ; to make tumid. Shak. To aggravate ; to heighten. Atterbury. To raise to arrogance. Clar- endon. SWELL, swell. «. 5. Extension of bulk. Shak._ The fluctuating motion of the sea, after the expiration of a storm ; also, the surf. SWELLING, sweT-llng. 410. n. s. Morbid tumour. Blackmore. Protuberance ; prominence. Newton. Effort for a vent. Toiler. To SWELT, swelt. v. n. Perhaps to break out in sweat. Johnson. (I rather take it for a poetical variation of swelled. Todd.) Spenser. To SWELT S*, swelt. v. n. [ppelfcan, Sax. 5 swil- tan, Goth.] To faint; to swoon. Chaucer. To SWELT*, swell, v. a. To overpower, as with heat; to cause to faint. Bp. Hall. To SWEATER S, swel'-tur. 98. v. n. [from swelt.] To be pained with heat. Chalkhill. ToSWE'LTER, sweT-tdr. v. a. To parch, or dry up with heat. Beniley. SWE'LTRY, swel'-tre. a. Suffocating with heat. SWEPT, swept. The participle and preterit of sweep. SWERD. See Sward. To SWERD. See To Sward. To SWERVE S, swerv. v. n. [swerven, Saxon and Dutch.] To wander; to rove. Sidney. To deviate; to depart from rule, custom, or duty. Hooker. To to bend. Milton. To climb on a narrow c )ody. Dryden. SWERVING*, swer'-vlng. n. s. The act of depart- ing from ru.e, custom, or duty. Hooker. SWE'VEN*. n. s. jjpepen, Sax.] A dream. Wic- lifie, Ob. T. SWIFT§, swift, a. [y-prpt, Sax.; swipan, Icel.] Moving far in a short time ; quick ; fleet ; speedy ; nimble; rapid. Shak. Ready ; prompt. James, i. SWIFT, swift, n.s. The current of a stream. Walton. SWIFT, swift, n. s. A bird like a swallow ; a mar- ten. Derham. SWFFTFOOT*, swM'-fut. a. Nimble. Mirror for Magistrates. SWFFTHEELED*,swlft'-heeld. a . [swift and heel.] Swiftfoot ; rapid ; quick. Habington. SWIFTLY, swlft'-le. ad. [rpipfc-hce, Sax.] Fleet- ly; rapidly; nimbly; with celerity ; with velocity. Bacon. SWIFTNESS, swlft'-nes. n.s. [ r pipfcne rr e, Sax.] Speed; nimbleness ; rapidity ; quickness; velocity; celerity. Shakspeare. To SWIG §, swig. v. n. [siviga, Icel. ; ]*pil£an, Sax.] To drink by large draughts. To SWIG*, swig. v. a. To suck greedily. Creech. SWIG*, swig. n. s. A large draught : as, He took a good swig : a low expression. To SWILLS, swill, v. a. [rpiltfan, Sax.] To drink luxuriously and grossly. Arbuthnot. To wash ; to drench. Shak. To inebriate; to swell with pleni- tude. Milton. To SWILL*, swill, v. n. To be intoxicated. Wliaiely. SWILL, swill, n. s. Drink, grossly poured down ; hogwash. Mortimer. SWl'LLER, swll'-lur. 98. n. s. A notorious drunk- ard ; called also, in our old lexicography, a swil- bowl and a swilpot. Barret. SWI'LLINGS*, swli'-llngz. n. s. Hogwash. Sher- To SWIMS, swim. v. n. preterit swam, sworn, or swwm. [ppirnman, Sax. ; swemmen, Dutch.] To float on the water ; not to sink. Shak. To move f>rogressively in the water by the motion of the imbs. Acts, xxvii. To be conveyed by the stream. Dryden. To glide along with a smooth or dizzy motion. Shak. To be dizzy ; to be vertiginous. To be floated. Addison. To have abundance of any quality; to flow in any thing. Milton. To SWIM, swim. v. a. To pass by swimming. Dry- den. &>YJM, swim. n. s. A kind of smoothly sliding mo- tion. B. Jonson. The bladder of fishes Dy which they are supported in (he water. Grew. SWFMMER, swlm'-mur. 98. n. s One who swims. Bacon. A protuberance in the leg of a horse. Farrier J s Diet. SWFMMING*, swlm'-mlng. n.s. The act of floating on the water, or of moving progressively in the water by the motion of the limbs. Dizziness. Dryd. SWFMMINGLY, swlm'-mlng-le. ad. Smoothly, without obstruction. Arbuthnot. To SWINDLE*, swln'-dl. 405. v. a. To cheat; to impose upon the credulity of mankind, and thereby to defraud the unwary by false pretences and ficti tious assumptions. James, Military Diet. SWFNDLER*, swln'-dlur. n.s. [schwindler, Germ.j A sharper; a cheat. James, Military Diet. SWINE S, swine, n.s. [ppm, Sax. ; swyn, Dutch ; swein, M. Goth.] A hog; a pig. A creature re- markable for stupidity and nastiness. Shakspeare. SWFNEBREAD, swlne'-bred. n.s. A kind of plant; truffles. Bailey. SWFNEGRASS, swlne'-gras. n.s. An herb. SWFNEHERD, swlne'-herd. n.s. [ypin and hyjib, Sax.] A keeper of hogs. Broome. Q^f* This word, in the north of England, is pronounced swimiard, and shows the tendency of our language to shorten the simple in the compound. — See Principles, No. 515. W. SWFNEPIPE, swlne'-plpe. n. s. A bird of the thrush kind. Bailey. SWFNESTY*, swlne'-stl. n. s. A hogsly ; a place in which swine are shut to be fed. Prompt. Parv. To SWINGS, swing. 410. v.n. [ppyn^an, Sax.] To wave to and fro hanging loosely. Boyle. To fly backward and forward on a rope. To SWING, swing, v. a. preterit swung, swung. To make to play loosely on a string. To whirl round in the air. Milton. To wave loosely. Dryden. SWING, swing. 11. s. Motion of any thing hanging loosely. Bacon. A line on which any thing hangs loose. Influence or power of a body put in motion. Brown. Course; unrestrained liberty; abandon- ment to any motive. Cliapman. UnresO/ained ten- dency. Ascham. To SWINGES, swlnje. v. a. [j-pm^an, Sax.] To whip; tobastinade; to punish. Shak. To move as a lash. Milton. SWINGE, swlnje. n.s. [ppin£, Sax.] A sway; a sweep of any thing in motion. Waller. Oh. J. SWFNGEBUCKLER. swlnje-buk'-lur. n. s. [swinge and buckler.] A bully ; a man who pretends ^io feats of arms. Shaksveare. SWFNGER, swing' -ur. 98. n.s. [from swing.] One who swings; a hurler. Bale, [from swinge.] iswin 1 ' jur.) A great falsehood : a low expression. Echard. SWFNGING, swln'-jlng. a. Great; huge. Tubervi/e. SWFNGINGLY, swin'-jlng-le. ad. Vastly; greatly. Swift. To SWFNGLE, swlng'-gl. v. n. To dangle; to wave hanging. To swing in pleasure. To rough-dress flax. Grose. SWINISH, swi'-nfsh. a. Befitting swine; resem bling swine ; gross ; brutal. Milton. To S WINKS, swlnk. v.n. [ppincan, Sax.] Tola bour ; to toil ; to drudge. Spenser. Ob. J. To SWINK, swlnk. v. a. To overlabour. MiUon Ob. J. SWINK, swlnk. n.s. [rpinc, Sax.] Labour; toil; drudgerv. Spenser. Ob. J. SWFNKER*, swlnk'-fir. n. s. A labourer ; a plough- man. Clmucer. Ob. T. SWIPES*, swlps. n. s. Bad small-beer. SWFPPER*, swlp'-pur. a. [ppipan, Sax.] Nimble; quick. Prompt. Parv. SWISS*, swls. I n. s. A native of Switzer- SWFTZER*, swlt'-zfir. S la» fl - Ab V- Vsher. SWISS*, swls. a. Of or belonging to Switzerland. Addison. SWITCH S, swltsh. n. s. [swaig, siceg, Su. Goth.] \ small, flexible twig. Shakspeare. To SWITCH, swltsh. v. a. To lash; to jerk. Chay man. 906 swo SYM — n6, move, n6r, not 5 — tube, tub, bull; — o?I; — p6und; — th'm, this. To SWITCH*, swltsh. v.n. To walk with a kind of jerk. SWITHE*. ad. [rpiSe, Sax.] Hastily. Wicliffe. SWFVEL, swlv'-vl. 102. «.5. [sice*/, Icel.] Something fixed in another body so as to turn round in it. A small cannon, which turns on a swivel. S WO'BBER, sw6b'-b&r. n. s. A sweeper of the deck. Dryden. Four privileged cards that are only in- cidentally used in betting at the game of whist. Swift. * SWO'LLEN, I .. 1ft „ 5 The participle passive SWOLN, \ svv6,n - 103 - } of swell, [/pollen, Sax.] Spenser. SWOM, sworn. The preterit of swim. Shakspeai-e. To SWOON §, swoon. 475. v.n. [a r punan, Sax.] To suffer a suspension of thought and sensation 3 to faint. Shakspeare. {£/=* This word should be carefully distinguished in the pronunciation from .soon s the w, as Mr. Nares justly observes, is effective, and should be heard. It would have been beneath a dictionary of the least credit to take notice of a vulgar pronunciation of this word as if written sound, if it had not been adopted by one of our orthoepists. The same observation holds good of the following word, [swoop] which must not be pro- nounced exactly like soop. W. SWOON, swodn. n. s. A lipothymv ; a fainting fit. SWOONING* sw66n'-lug. n.s. The act of fainting. Bp. Hall. To SWOOP §, sw66p. 306. v. a. [the same as sweep.] To seize by falling at once, as a hawk upou his prey. Wilkins. To prey upon ; to catch up. Glanville. To SWOOP, sw66p. v. n. To pass with pomp. Drayton. SWOOP, sw66p. n. s. Fall of a bird of prey upon his quarry. Sluikspeare. To SWOP $, swop. v. a. [of uncertain derivation.] To change; to exchange one thing for another. Dry- den. A low word. SWOP, swop. n. s. An exchange. Spectator. SWORD §, s6rd. 475. n. s. [rpeopb, Sax. ; sweerd, Dutch.] A weapon used either in cutting or thrust- ing; the usual weapon of fights hand to hand. Sliak. Destruction by war : as, fire and sword. Deut. xxxii. Vengeance of justice. Dryden. Em- blem of authority. Hudibras. SWORDED, sord'-eU a. Girt with a sword. Milton. SWO'RDER, sord'-ur. 98. n. s. A cut-throat ; a sol- dier. Shakspeare. SWO'RDFISH, s6rd'-f?sh. n. s. A fish with a long, sharp bone issuing from his head. Spenser. SWO'RDGRASS,s6rd'-gras. n.s. A kind of sedge; glader. Ainsworth. SWG'RDKNOT, s6rd'-not. n. s. Riband tied to the hilt of the sword. Pope. SWO'RDLAW, s6rd'-law. n. s. Violence ; the law by which all is yielded to the stronger. Milton. SWORDMAN, sOrd'-man. n.s. Soldier; fighting man. Sliakspeare. £t5° I see no good reason why we should not write and pronounce swordsman and gownsman, rather than swordman and gownman, though Johnson produces his authorities for the latter orthography from good au- thors. The s seems to have intervened naturally be- tween the mute and the liquid, to facilitate the pro- nunciation, as in statesman, sportsman, huntsman, and sometimes between two liquids, as townsman, salesman, &c. But Dr. Johnson's sense of the word swordman, meaning a man of the profession of the sword, or a soldier, is now obsolete: we now never hear the word but as signifying a man expert in the use of the sword : and in this sense he is always called a swordsman. W. SWO'RDPLAYER, sord'-pla-ur. n. s. [sword and play.] Gladiator; fencer; one who exhibits in publick his skill at the weapons by fighting for prizes. Haliewill. SWORE, swore. The preterit of swear. []*pop, Sax.] Milton. SWORN, sworn. The part. pass, of swear. Shak. To SWOUND*. v. n. To swoon. Shakspeare. SWUM, sw£ . Preterit and part. pass, of swim. Milton SWUNG, swung. 410. Preterit and part, pass of swing. Addison. SYB, sib. a. Properly sib ; which see. SY'BARlTEf, sib'-a-rlte. 156. n.s. An inhabitant of Sybaris, a once powerful city of Calabria, whose inhabitants were proverbially effeminate and luxu- rious; one of whom is said to have been unable to sleep all night, because the bed of roses, on which he lav, had one of its leaves doubled under him. SYBAftl'TICAL*, slb-a-rit'-e-kal. )a. [from the SYBARPTICK*, s?b-a-rlt'-?k. \ Sybarite, in- habitants of Sybaris, so given to voluptuousness, that their luxury became proverbial.] Luxurious ', wanton. Bp. Hall. SY'CAMINE, slk'-a-mlne. )n.s. [ovKd/xopos, Gr. ; SY r/ CAMORE, s!k'-a-m6re. S r lcomo P-> Sax A tree. Mortimer. SY'COPHANCY*, sik'-o-fan-se. a. s. The practice of an informer. Bp. Hall. The practice of a flat- terer. Warburton. SY'COPHANTy, slk'-o-fant. n.s. [s7jcophanta,Lal. ; cvKofdv-ns, Gr.] A talebearer ; a makebate ; a malicious parasite. Sidney. To SY'COPHANT, slk'-o-fant. v.n. [<™o0ovr&*.] To play the sveophant. Govern, of the Tongue. To SY'COPHANT*, slk'-6-fant. v. a. To calumni- ate. Milton. Ob. T. SYCOPHA'NTICAL*, slk-o-fan'-ie-kal. a. Meanly officious; baselv parasitical. Soidh. SYCOPHA'.NTICK, sik-o-fan'-tlk. a. Talebearing mischievously officious. Fawning. Mason. To SY'COPHANTiSE, slk'-o-fau-dze. v.n. To play the talebearer. Diet. SY'COPHANTRY*, slk'-o-fan-tre. n. s. A malig- nant tale-bearing. Barrow. SYLLA'BICAL, sil-lab'-e-kal. a. Relating to sylla- bles; consisting of syllables. Leslie. SY^LLA'BICALLY, sfl-lab'-e-kal-e. ad. In asyllabi- cal manner. Bp. Gauden. SYLLA'BICK, sil-lab'-ik. 509. a. [syllabique, Fr.] Relating to syllables. Mason. SY'LLABLE $, su'-la-bl. 405. n.s. [ av \\ a pti, Gr.; syllable, Fr.] As much ef a word as is uttered by the help of one vowel, or one articulation. Holder. Any thing proverbially concise. Hooker. To SY'LLABLE, sll'-la-bl. v. a. To utter; to pro- nounce ; to articulate. Mi/ton. Ob. J. SY'LLABUB, su'-la-bfib. n. s. [rightly sUlabub, which see.] Milk and acids. Beaumont. SY'LLABUS, sil'-la-bfis. n.s. [.] A cormascency, or growing together ; and perhaps is meant of those bones which in young children are distinct, but after some years unite and consolidate into one bone. Wiseman. SYMPO SIACK, sfei-p&'-zhe-ak. 451. a. [sijmposi- aque, Fr. ; avjATroaiaubs, Gr.] Relating to merry makings; happening where company is drinking together. Brown. SYMPOSIUM*, s?m-p6'-zhe-6m. n. s. [Lat.] A feast ; a merry making ; a drinking together. War ten. SY'MPTOM§.sW-t&m. 166, 412. n.s. [sxjmpiome, Fr. ; avj.nvTo)[ia, Gr.] Something that happens con- currently with something else, not as the original cause, nor as the necessary or constant effect. Blackmore. A sign : a token. Swift. SYMPTOMA'TICAL, slm-to-mat'-te-kal. 509. ) SYMPTOMATICA sim-tA-mat'-tik. \ °" [symptoiruttique, Fr.] Happening concurrently, or occasionally. Symptomatical is often used to de- note the difference between the primary and sec- ondary causes in diseases. Quiney. SYMPTOMATICA LLY, slm-te-mat'-te-kal-e. ad. * In the nature of a symptom. Wiseman. SYNAGO'GICAL, sln-a godje'-Ik-al. a. Pertaining to a synagogue. SYNAGOGUE $, sln'-a-g&g. 338. n. s. [Fr.; awa- yjiyn, Gr.] An assembly of the Jews to worship. HA Luke, lv. SYNALETHA, sln-a-leMa. 92. n. s. [awaloupt,-] A contraction or excision of a syllable in a Latin verse, by joining together two vowels in the scan- ning or cutting off the ending vowel : as, ill' ego. Dryden. SYNARCHY*, sin'-ar-ke. n.s. [awap X ia.] Joint sovereignty. Stackhouse. SYNARTHROSIS, sm-ar-tfiro'-sk n.s. [aw and apOpow.] A close conjunction of two bones. Wise- man. SYNA'XIS*, se-naks'-Is. n. s. [vSpop}>.] Concurrent action ; concurrence. Glanville. SYNECDOCHE §, se-nek / -d6-ke. 352, 96. n. a. [synecdoche, Fr. ; awocSoKri, Gr.] A figure by which part is taken for the whole, or the whole for part. Bp. Taylor. SYNECDO'CHICAL, s?n-ek-dok'-e-kal. a. Ex- pressed by a synecdoche ; implying a synecdoche. Boyle. SYNECDO'CHICALLY*, sln-ek-d&k'-e-kal-e. ad. According to a synecdochical way of speaking. Pearson. SYNECPHONE'SISt,s?n-ek-f&-ne'-sk n.s. A con- traction of two syllables into one. Mason. SYNERG1 STICK* sJn-gr-ifs'-tlk. a. [awtpydfy- fiai.'] Co-operating. Dean Tucker. SYNNEURO SIS, sm-nu-nV-sk n.s. [aw and vtv pov.) The connexion made by a ligament. Wiseman. SYNOD ^snY-n&d. J 66. n.s. []-eonob,Sax. ;sijnode, Fr. ; avvofioi, Gr.] An assembly called for consul- tation: it is used particularly of ecclesiasticks. A provincial sijnod is commonly used, and a general council. Bacon. Conjunction of the heavenly bodies. Boyle. $jT A plain English .speaker would always pronounce I the y in this word long ; nor is it pronounced short by 908 a. To coa- A junction a. [syndiqueT, to pass judge- SYR SYZ -n6 ; mdve, nfir, not ;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ; — pofind ; — th'm, THis. the more informed speaker because the y is short in synodus, but because we always pronounce it so u\ the Latin word. — See Principles, No. 544 W. SY'NODAL, sln'-no-dal. n. s. Money paid anciently to the bishop, &c. at Easter visitation. Wkeatleij. SY'NODAL. sln'-n6-dal. ") a. [svnodique, suno- SYNO'DICAL, se-n6d'-e-k&l. i dd", Fr.] Relating SYNO'DICK, se-nod'-lk. 509. ) to a synod ; trans- acted in a synod. Seidell, [sijnodique, Fr.] Reck- oned from one conjunction with the sun to another. Holder. SYNO'DICALLY, se-nod'-e-kal-e. ad. By the au- thority of a synod or publick assembly. Sanderson. SYNONYM A, se-n&n'-ne-ma. 92. n. s. [Lat.j avvuvvfxos, Gr.] Names which signify the same thing-. B. Jonson. SYNONYMAL*, se-non'-e-mal. a. [awuvvjxos.] Synonvmous. Instruct, for Orat. SrNO'NYMAIJ.Y*, se-non'-e-mal-e. ad. Synony- mously. Spelmun. SY'NONYME*, sin'-6-nim. n.s. [synonyme, Fr. j from aw and foojia, Gr.] A word of the same mean- ing' as some other word. Reid. To SYNO'NYMISE, se-non'-ne-mlze. v. a. To ex- press the same thing in different words. Camden. SYNONYMOUS, se-non'-ne-miis. a. [awwvvnos-] Expressing the same thing by different words j having the same signification ; univocal. Watts. SYNO'NYMOUSLY*, se-non'-ne-m&s-le ad. In a synonymous manner. Pearson. SYNONYMY, se-non'-ne-me. [See Metonymy.] n.s. [awwvvuia.] The quality of expressing by dif- ferent words the same thing. Selden. SYNOTSIS$, se-nop'-s?" n. s. [avvo^n.] A general view ; all the parts brought under one view. Milton. SYNO'PTICAL, se-nop'-te-kal. a. Affording a view ad. In a of many parts at once. Evelyn. SYNOTTICALLY*, se-n&p'-ie-kal-e. synoptical manner. Sir W. Petty. SYNTACTICAL, sin-tak'-te-kal. a. [syntaxis, Lat.] Conjoined ; fitted to each other. Relating to the construction of speech. Peaclmm. SY'NTAX, sln'-laks. ) n. s. [avvrafa.] A sys- SYNTA'XIS, sin-taks'-fs. $ tern ; a number of things joined together. G/anvi/le. That part of grammar which teaches the construction of words. B. Jonson. SYNTERE'SIS*, sln-te-ref-sls. n.s. [aw and njpcw.] A remorse of conscience. Bp. Ward. SYNTHESIS, sin'-^e-s'fs. n.s. [otvds s. [Lat.] A quicksand a bog. Milton. SYRUP*. See Strop. SYSTASIS*. sis'-ta-sk n. s. [avaraaig.] The con sistence of any thing ; a constitution. Burke. SY'STEMJ, sfs'-tem. n.s. [systeme, Fr. ; avarnixa, Gr.] Any complexure or combination of many things acting together. A scheme which re^uce's many things to regular dependence or co-operation. A scheme which unites many things in order. I 1 ell. SYSTEMATICAL, sis-te-mat'-te-kal. a. [syste- matique, Fr. ; avarrjuaTinds, Gr.] Methodical . written or formed with regular subordination of one part to another. Bentley. SYSTEMATICALLY,' sfs-te-mat'-te-kal-e. 509. ad. In form of a system. Boyle. SYSTEMATISE, sis'-lem-a-tlst. } n. s. Or.e who SY'STEMATIZER* sls'-tem-a- £ reduces things tl-zur, or sis-lem'-a-tl-zfir. ) to an}- kind of system. Chambers. To SYSTEMATIZE*, sfs-tem'-a-tlze. [s?s'-tem-a- tlze, Perry.] v. a. To reduce to a system. Harris ^f I have met with this word nowhere L509.a. [tuktikos, rar- TA'CTICK^ t&k'-lik. \ ro>, Gr. ; tactique,Fr. ] Relating to the art of ranging a battle. TACTI'CIAN*, tak-tish'-an. n. s. One skilled in tao ticks. TA'CTICKS, tak'-tiks. n. s. [raKTiKr,.] The art of ranging men in the field of battle. Dryden. TA'CTILE, tak'-ti). 140. a. [Fr.; tactilis, tactum, Lat.] Susceptible of touch. Beaumont. TACTPLITY, tak-tfl'-e-te. n. s. Perceptibility by the touch. TA'CTION, tak'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; tactio, Lat.] The act of touching. Ld. Chesterfield. TA'DPOLE, tad'-pole. n. s. [cab. toad, and pola, a young one, Sax.] A young, shapeless frog or toad consisting only of a body and a tail ; a porwiggle Ray. TA'EN, tane. The poetical contraction of taken. Milton. TA'FFATA*, taf-fa-ta. ) n. s. [taffetas, Fr. ; taffeter TA'FFETA, taP-fe-ta. \ Span.] A thin silk. Boyle TA'FFEREL*, taP-ie-r£l. n. s. The upper part of the stern of a ship. Scott. TAG§, tag. n.s. [lag, Icel. ; tagg, Su. Goth.] A point of metal put to the end of a string. T J ard. Any thing paltry and mean. Wliitgift. A young sheep. In this sense oftener written teg. To TAG, tag. v. a. To fit any thing with an end, or point of metal: as, to tag a lace. Swift.. To fit one thing with another, appended. Dryden. To join. Swift. TAG-RAGf, tag'-rag. n.f. [composed of tag ano ras;.] People of the lowest degree. TA'GTAIL, tag'-tale. n. s. [tag and tail] A worm which has the tail of another colour. Carew 910 TAK TAL -n6, tnftve, nor nil,— ti'ibe, tub, bull ; — 6?l ; — pcamd;— th'm, THis. TAIL 4, tale 202. n. s. [tagl, Goth, and Jcel.;] Cse^l, Sax.] That which terminates the animal behind ; the continuation of the vertebrae of the back hanging loose behind. More. The lower part. Dcut.. xxviii. Any thing hanging long; a catkin. Harvey. The hinder part of any thing. Butler. — To turn tail. To fly ; to run away. Sid- neu. To TAIL, tale, v. n. To pull by the tail. Hudibras. TA'ILAGE, ta'-tfclje. n. s. [tailler, Fr.] A piece cut out of the whole; and. metaphorically, a share of a man's substance paid by way of tribute. In law, it signifies a toll or tax. Cowel. TA'ILED, laid. 359. a. Furnished with a tail. Grew. TAILLE, tale. n. s. The fee which is opposite to fee-simple, because it is so minced or pared, that it is not in his free power to be disposed of who owns it; but is, by the first giver, cut or divided from all other, and tied to the issue of the donee. Cowel. TAFLOR^ta'-lftr. l66.n.s.[tailleur,Fr.] One whose business is to make clothes. Shakspeare. To TAI'LOR*, ta'-lur. v. n. To perform the business of a tailor. Green. To TAINT$, tint. 202. v. a. [teindre, Fr.] To im- bue or impregnate with any thing. Thomson. To stain; to suit}'. Shah. To infect; to poison; to disease. Harvey. To corrupt. Swift. A corrupt contraction of attaint. To TAINT, tant. v. n. To be infected ; to be touched with something corrupting. Slvakspeare. TAINT, tant. n.s. [teinte, Fr.] A tincture; a stain. An insect. Brown. Infection ; corruption ; depra- vation. Sliak. A spot; a soil ; a blemish. Shak. TA/INTLESS, tantMSs. a. Free from infection; pure. Swift. TA'INTURE, lane'-tshure. 461. n. s. \tinctura, Lat. ; teiniure, Fr.l^ Taint; tinge; defilement. Shak. To TAKE§, take. v. a. pret. took ; part. pass, taken, sometimes took, \taka, Icel. pret. took ; fcsecan, Sax.] To receive what is offered ; correlative to give ; opposed to refuse. Jer. xxv. To seize what is not given. Dry den. To receive. Deut. xxvi. To receive with good or ill will. Sliak. To Jay hold on ; to catch by surprise or artifice. Ecclus. xxxvi. To snatch ; to seize. Hale. To make pris- oner. Acts, xxii. To captivate with pleasure ; to delight ; to engage. Shak. To entrap ; to catch in a snare. Canticles. To understand in any par- ticular sense or manner. Raleigh. To exact. Lev. xxv. To get ; to have ; to appropriate. Gen. xiv. To use; to employ. Watts. To blast; to infect. Shak. To j'-dge in favour of; to adopt. Dryden. To ad- mit any thirg bad from without. Hudibras. To get ; to procure. .2 Mace. x. To turn to ; to practise. Ba- con. To close in with ; to comply with. Dryden. To form; to fix. Clarendon. To catch in the hand; to seize. Ezek. viii. To admit ; to suffer. Dry- den. To perform any action. Jer. xx. To receive into the mind. Acts, iv. To go into. Camden. To go along; to follow-*- to pursue. Dryden. To swallow; to receive. Bacon. To swallow, as a medicine. South. To choose one of more. Mil- ton. To copy. Dryden. To convey; to carry; to transport. Judges, xix. To fasten on ; to seize. St. Mark, ix. Not to refuse ; to accept. Numb. xxxv. To adopt. Exod. vi. To change with re- spect to place. St. Luke, x. To separate. Locke. To admit. 1 Tim. v. To pursue; to go in. Mil- ton. To receive any temper or disposition of mind. Mic. ii. To endure ; to bear. Spectator. To draw ; to derive. Tillotson. To leap ; to jump over. Sluik. To assume. Locke. To allow; to admit. Locke. To receive with fondness. Dry- den. To carry out for use. St. Mark, vi. To sup- pose ; to receive in thought ; to entertain in opinion. Shak. To separate for one's self from any quan- tity ; to remove for one's self from any place. Isa. lxvi Not to leave ; not to omit. Locke. To re- ceive payments. Sliak. To obtain by mensura- tion. Camden. To withdraw. Spectator. To seize with a transitory impulse 3 to affect so as not to last. Arbuthnot. To comprise; to comprehend. After bury. To have recourse to. L 1 'Estrange To produce; or suffer to be produced. Spenser To catch in the mind. Locke. To hire ; to rent Pope. To engage in ; to be active in. Shak. To incur ; to receive as it happens. Addison. To admit in copulation. Sandys. To catch eagerly. Dryden. To use as an oath or expression. Ex- odus. To seize as a disease. Bacon. — To take away. To deprive of. Rev. xx. To set aside; to move. Locke. To take care of. To be care ful; to be s« citous for; to superintend. 1 Cor. ix. To be cautious; to be vigilant. To take course. To" have recourse to measures. Ba- con. To take down. To crush ; to reduce ; to suppress. Spenser. To swallow ; to take by the mouth. Bacon. To take from. To derogate ; to detract. Dryden. To deprive of. Locke. To take heed. To be cautious; to beware. Ecclus. xi. To take heed to. To attend. Ecclus. xxiii. To take in. To enclose. Mortimer. To lessen; to contract : as, He took in his sails. To cheat to gull : as, The cunning ones were taken in : a low, vulgar phrase. To take in hand. To undertake. Clarendon. To comprise ; to comprehend. Bur- net. To admit. Sidney. To win by conquest. Knolles. To receive locally. Acts, xx. To re- ceive mentally. Hale. To take notice. To ob- serve. To show by an act that observation is made. Clarendon. To take oath. To swear. Eze- kiel. To take off. To invalidate ; to destroy ; to remove. Shak. To withhold ; to withdraw. Ba con. To swallow. Locke. To purchase Locke To copy. Addison. To find place for. Bacon To remove. Exod. xxxiv. To take on. See To take upon. To take order icith. To check ; to take course with. Bacon. To take out. To re- move from within any place. Shak. To take part. To share. Pope. To take place. To prevail ; to have effect. Dryden. To take up. To borrow upon credit or interest. Shak. To be ready for: to engage with. Sluxk. To apply to the use of. Addison. To begin. Ezek. xxv. To fasten with - a ligature passed under. Sharjj. To engross ; to engage. Duppa. To have final recourse to. Ad dison. To seize ; to catch ; to arrest. Spenser To admit. Bacon. To answer by reproving ; to reprimand. Shak. To begin where the former left off. Dryden. To lift. Shak._ To occupy lo- cally. Hayward. To manage in the place of another. Sfiak. To comprise. Dryden. To adopt ; to assume. Hammond. To collect ; to exact a tax. Knolles. To take upon. To appropriate to to assume. ; to admit to be imputed to. Heb. ii. To assume; to claim authority. Shakspeare. To TAKE, take. v. n. To direct the course ; to have a tendency to. Bacon. To please ; to gain recep- tion. South. To have the intended or natural effect. Bacon. To catch; to fix. Bacon. — To tal&after. To learn of; to resemble; to imitate. Hudibras. To take in with. To resort to. Bacon. To take en. To be violently affected. Bacon. Tc take on. To claim a character. Shak. To grieve; to pine. Shak. To take to. To apply to ; to be fond of. Locke. To betake to; to have recourse. Dryden. To take up. To stop. Glanville. To reform. Locke. To take up with. To be contented with. South. To lodge ; to dwell. South. To take with. To please. Bacon. TA'KEN, ta'-k'n. 103. The part, passive of take. 2 Sam. xvi. TA'KER, ta'-kur. 98. n. s. One that takes. Sliak- sveare. TA'KING, ta'-kfng. 410. n. s. Seizure ; distress of mind. Shakspeare. TA KINGNESS*, uV-king-nes. n. s. Quality of pleasing. Bp. Taylor. TA'LBOT, tal'-b&t.'w. 5. [It is borne by the house of Talbot in their arms.] A hound ; a sort of hunt- ing dog, between a hound and a beagle. Somer- vule. TALC*. See Talk. 911 TAL TAN tCF 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, met; — pine, p?n TALE §, tale. «. 5. [cale, from tellan, to tell, Sax.] A narrative; a story. Waits. Oral relation. Shak. [cale, Sax. from fcelan,tr count ; lala, Icel.] Num- ber reckoned. Hooker. Reckoning' ; numeral ac- count. Carew. Information; disclosure of any thing secret. Sliakspeare. To TALE* tale. v. n. To relate stories. Gower. Oh. T. TALEBEARER, tale'-ba-rfir. n. s. [tale and bear.] One who gives officious or malignant intelligence. South. TALEBEARING, tale'-ba-rmg. n. s. The act of informing; officious or malignant intelligence. Ar- buthnot. TALEFUL* tale'-ful. a. Abounding in stories. Thomson. A bad word. TALENT, tal'-ent. 544. n. s. [talenium, Lat.J A talent signified so much weight, or a sum of money, the value differing according to the different ages and countries. Arbuthnot. Faculty ; power ; gift of nature: a metaphor borrowed from the talents mentioned in the holy writ. Clarendon. Quality ; disposition. Clarendon. TA'LES*, la'-lez. n. s. [Lat.] A supply for men empannelled upon a jury or inquest, and not ap- pearing or challenged; equal in reputation to those that were empannelled, and present in court; tales de circumstantibus. Hale. TALETELLER*, tale'-tel-iur. n.s. One who re- lates tales or stories. Guardian. TALION* tal'-e-un. n. s. [talio, Lat.] Law of re- taliation. Scott. TALISMAN, tal'-?z-man. 88. n.s. [talism, Arabick.] A magical character. Swift. TALISMA'NICK, tal-k-mau'-lk. 509. a. Magical. Addison. To TALK §, tawk. 84. v. n. [fcahan, Sax. ; taelen, Dutch.] To speak in conversation ; to speak flu- ently and familiarly ; not in set speeches; to con- verse. Shak. To prattle; to speak impertinently. Milton. To give account. Milton. To speak ; to reason; to confer. Jer. xii. TALK, tawk. n.s. Oral conversation; fluent and familiar speech. Locke. Report; rumour. Locke. Subject of discourse. Milton. TALK §, tawk. n. s. [talc, Fr.] A kind of stone, com- posed of plates generally parallel, and flexible and elastick. Woodward. TALKATIVE, tawk'-a-tfv. a. Full of prate ; lo- quacious. Sidney. TALKATIVENESS, tawk'-a-t?v-n6s. n.s. Loqua- city; garrulity; fulness of prate. Government of the Toiigue. TALKER, tawk'-fir. 98. n.s. One who talks. Watts. A loquacious person; a prattler. Shak. A ooasler; a bragging fellow. Bp. Taijlor. TALKING*, tavvk'-Ing. n.s. Oral conversation. E'^£S.V. . TA'fMfc, tawk'-e. a. Consisting of talk ; resem- bling t a I k . Woodward. TALL §, tall, 84. a. [tdl, Welsh.] High in stature. Shak. High ; lofty. Milton. Sturdy ; lusty ; bold; spirited ; courageous. Sliakspeare. TALLAGE §, taF-liclje. 90. n.s. [laillage, Fr.] Im- post ; excise. Bacon. To TALLAGE*, tal'-Udje. v. a. To lay an impost on. Bp. Ellys. TALLOW 4, taF-16. 85. n.s. [tolkr, Icel.; tolk, j Dan.; talg, talge, Su. Goth, and Germ.] The grease or fat of an animal ; coarse suet. Heylin. To TALLOW, taK-16. v. a. To grease; to smear with tallow Ld. Surrey. TALLOWCHANDLER, taF-16-tshand-lur. n. s. [tallow, and dmndelier, Fr.] One who makes can- dles of tallow, not of wax. Harvey. TALLOWFACED*, taK-lo-faste. a. Having a pale, sickly complexion. Burton TALLOW ISH*, taF-16-ish a. Having the nature of tallow. Huloet. TALLOWY*. taK-16-e. a. Greasy. TALLY §, tal'-le. n. s. [tailler. Fr.] A stick notched || or cut in conformity to another stick, and used to ji keep accounts by. Hudibras. Any thing made to suit another. Dryden. To TALLY, tal'-Je. v a. To fit ; to suit ; to cut out so as to answer any thing. Prior. To TALLY, taF-le. v n. To be fitted; to conform to be suitable. Addison. TALLY*, tail'Ie.a^. Stoutly; with spirit. Beau, mont and Flelclier. T%A%min ^I'-m&d. $*•*• [ He .N The b ook IHA'LMUJJ,) ( containing the Jewish traditions, the rabbinical constitutions, and explica- tions of the law. Lightfoot. TALMU'DICAL*, tal-mud'-e-kal. ) a. Belon^^ TALMUDICK*, tal'-mu-dlk. \ tothetalmud Skinner. TALMUDIST*, tal'-mu-dlst. n. s. One well versed in the talmud. Burton. TALMUDFST1CK* tal-mu-d?s'-t?k. a. Talmud- ical. Warton. T ALNESS, tali'-nes. 84, 406. n. s. Height of stature j procerity. Spenser. $Cf This word, by losing an I, is, if we pronounce it accord- ing to the orthography, deprived of its sound: the first syllable, according to this spelling, ought, undoub ••dly ( to be pronounced like the first of tal-loto, which suffi- ciently shows the necessity of spelling it with double L TV. [Tallness, Jones, Fulton and Knight, and Web- ster] j TALON, t&l'-fin. 166, 544. n. s. [Fr.] The claw of a bird of prey. Bacon. TA'MARIND- Tree, tam'-ma-rmd-tree. n. s. [tama rindus, Lat.] A tree, bearing a flat pod, contain- ing many flc.t, angular seeds, surrounded with an acid, blackish pulp. Miller. TA'MARISK, tam'-ma-rfsk, n. s. [lamarice, Lat.] A tree, whose flowers are rosaceous. Miller. TAMBO' UR*, tam-bodr'. n. s. [tambour, old Fr.; tambur, Arab.J A tambourine; which see. A frame resembling a drum, on which a kind of em- broidery is worked ; the embroidery so made. [In arcnitecture.] A member of the Corinthian and Composite capital, somewhat resembling a drum a kind of porch ; a round stone, or course of stone. TAMBOURl / NE ( tam-b66-reen / . 112. n. s. [tambo- 1 rin, Span.] A kind of drum. Spenser. JTAME$, tame. a. [tame, Sax.; taem, Dutch; tarn, j Dan.] Not wild ; domestick. Addison. Crushed; subdued; depressed; dejected; spiritless; heart- less. Slmk. Spiritless ; unanimated : as, a lame poem. To TAME, tame. v. a. [gatamfan, Goth. ; fcamian, Sax.; tammen, Dutch.] To reduce from wildness; to reclaim ; to make gentle. Shak. To subdue; to crush; to depress; to conquer. Shakspeare. TA'MEABLE, ta'-ma-bl. 405. a. Susceptive of tarn ing. Wilkins. TA'MELESS* tameMes. a. Wild ; untamed. Bp. Hall. TA'MELY, tame'-le. ad. Not wildly ; meanly ; spir itlessly. Slialcspeare. TA'MENESS, tame'-nSs. n.s. The quality of ben.g tame ; not wildness. Want of spirits ; timidity. Rogers. TA'MER, ta'-mur. 98. n. s. Conqueror; subduer. Pope. TA'MINY, tam'-e-ne. n. s. [estamine, Fr.] A kind of woollen stuff; called also tammin, and tammy. Cotgrave. TA'MKIN, tam'-kln. n. s. The stopple of the mouth of a great gun. To TA'MPER, tam'-pnr. 98. v. n. [of uncertain de- rivation.] To be busy with physick. Hudibras. To meddle ; to have to do without fitness or neces- sity. Roscommon. To deal ; to practise secretly. Hudibras. To TAN §, tan. v. a. [tannen, Dutch ; tanner, Fr.'j To impregnate or imbue w ith bark. Greio. To ini- brown by the sun. Spenser. TAN*, tan. n. s. The bark of the oak ; the ooze with which tanners prepare their leather. Ash. TANE, for taken, ta'en. May. TANG$, tang. 408. n.s. [tanghe, Dutch.] A stnnig TAP TAR — n6, mdve, nor, not ; — t&be, tnb, brill ;— oil ; — pSund ; — tfiin, this. taste; a taste left in the mouth. Burrow. Relish ; taste. Attcrbury. Something' that leaves a sting or pain behind it. Shak. Sound ; tone, this is mistaken for tone or twang. Holder. To TANG, tang. ».n, [probably mistaken for twang.] To ring with. Sluikspeare. TANG*, tang. n. s. [tang, Su. Goth.] A kind of sea- weed : called in some places tangle. Bp. Rich- ardson. TA'NGENT, tan'-jent. n. s. [tangent, Fr.; tan gens, Lat.] [In trigonometry.] A right line perpendicu- larly raised on the extremity of a radius, and which touches a circle so as not to cut it ; but yet intersects another line without the circle, called a secant, that is drawn from the centre, and which cuts the arc to which it is a tangent. Trevoux. TANGIBILITY, tan-je-bH'-e-te. n.s. The quality of being perceived by the touch. TA'NGIBLE §, tan'-je-bl. 405. a. [Fr. ; from tango, Lat.] Perceptible by the touch. Bacon. To TANGLE §, tang'-gl. 403. v. a. See To En- taxgle. To implicate ; to knit together. Milton. To ensnare 5 to entrap. Shak. To embroil ; to em- barrass. Crashaw. jToTA'NGLE, tang'-gl. v. n. To be entangled. Anon. TA'NGLE, tang'-gl. n. s. A knot of things interwo- ven in one another, or different parts of the same thing perplexed. Milton, [from tang.'] A kind of sea-weed. TA'NIST, tan'-Ist. n.s. [an Irish word; perhaps from tliane.] A kind of captain or governour. Spenser. TA'iNISTRY, tan'-?s-tre. n. s. A succession made up of inheritance and election. Spenser. TANK, tangk. 408. n. s. [tanque, Fr.] A large cis- tern or basin. Sir T. Herbert. TA'NKARD. tangk'-urd. 88. n. s. [tanquaerd, Fr. ; tankaerd, Dutch.] A large vessel with a cover, for strong drink. B. Jonson. TA'NLING*, tan'-lfng. n.s. [from tan.] One scorch- ed by the heat of summer. Shakspeare. TA'NNER, tan'-nfir. 98. n. s. One whose trade is to tan leather. Moxon. TA'NNING*, tan'-nmg. n. s. The process of prepar- ing leather with tan or bark. The appearance or stain of a brown colour. Bp. Taylor. TANPIT, tan'-p?t. n.s. A pit where leather is im- piegnated with bark. TA'NSY, tan'-ze. 438. n. s. An odorous plant. Mil- ler. A kind of cake, of which tansy forms a prin- cipal part. Selden. TANT*. tant. n. s. A kind of small field-spider. Ray. TA'NTALISM, lan'-ta-ltzm. n. s. A punishment like that of Tantalus. Beaumont and Fletcher. TANTALIZA'TION*, tan-te-le-za'-shfin. n. s. Act of tantalizing; state of being tantalized. Gat/ton. To TA'NTALIZE $, tan'-ta-llze. v. a. [from' Tan- talus, whose punishment was to starve among fruits and water which he could not touch.] To torment by the show of pleasures which cannot be reached. Dryden. TA'NTALIZER*, tan'-ta-ll-zur. n. s. One who tan- talizes. Wakefield. TANTAMOUNT, lant'-a-mount. a. [Fr.] Equiv- alent. Glanville. TANTl'VY, tan-tlv'-e. ad. [from the note of a hunt- ing horn, so expressed in articulate sounds. From tan/a vi, says Skinner.] To ride tantivy is to ride at 2jeat speed. TA'NTLING, tant'-lmg. 410. n. s. One seized with hopes of pleasure unattainable. To TAP$, tap. v.a. [tapper, Fr.] To touch lightly ; to strike gently, [caeppan, Sax. ; tappcn. Dutch.] To pierce a vessel ; to broach a vessel. Shakspeare. To TAP*, tap. ». n. To strike a gentle blow : as, He lapped at the door. TAP, tap. n. s. A gentle blow. Shak. [fcaeppe, Sax.] A pipe at which the liquor of a vessel is let out. Chaucer. TAPE, tape. n. s. [tseppe, Sax.] A narrow fillet or bandofiinen. Shakspeare. TA'PER $, la' -pur. 76, 98. n. s. [fcapeji Sax.] A wax candle; alight. Sluikspeare. TA'PER, ta'-pflr. a. Regularly narrowed from the bottom to the top ; pyramidal; conical. Dryden. To TA'PER, ta'-pur. v. n. To grow gradually small- er. Ray. To TA'PER*, ta'-pfir. v. a. To make gradually smaller. To light with tapers. War/on. TA'PERNESS*, ta'-pftr-nSs. n. s. The state of be ing taper. Shenstone. TA'PESTRY §, taps'-tre, or tap'-Ss-tre. n. s. [tapes- terie, tapisserie, tapis, Fr.] Cloth woven in regular figures. Sluikspeare. Try Though the first is the most common, the last is the most correct pronunciation of this word. Accordingly all our orthoepists, who divide the words into syllables but Mr. Sheridan, make this word a trisyllable. W. To TA'PESTRY*, taps'-tre, or tlp'-es-tre. v. a. To adorn with tapestry. Harmar. TA'PET, tap'-ft. n. s. [lapetia, Lat.] Worked o- figured stuff. Spenser. TA'PHOUSE*, lap'-house. n. s. A room in which beer is drawn and sold in small quantities : in large inns now usually called the lap. Beaum. and Fl. TA'PIS*, t.a'-pls. n. s. [Fr.) Literally, tapestry which formerly covered tables : whence matters laid upon the table for discussion. Henry, Lord Clarendon. TATLASH*, tap'-lash. n. s. [from tap, and perhaps lasche, Fr.] Poor beer ; dregs. Bp. Parker. TAPROOT, tap'-root. n. s. [tap and root.] Tho principal stem of the root. Mortimer. TA'PSTER, tap'-stur. n. s. [cappejie, Sax.] One whose business is to draw beer in an alehouse* Shakspeare. TAR §, tar. n. s. [tape, Sax.; terre, Teut. ; iiere, Dan.] Liquid pilch ; the turpentine of the pine or fir drained out by fire. Speiiser. TAR, tar. n.s. [from tar, used in ships.] A sailor j a seaman, in colloquial language. Sicift. To TAR, tar. v. a. To smear over with tar. Beavm and Fl. [typian, Sax.] To tease; to provoke. Shakspeare. TARANTULA, ta-ran'-tshu-la. 461. n.s. [Ital.] An insoct whose bite is said to be only cured by musick. Sidney. TARDA'TION, tar-da'-sh&n. n. s. [tarda, Lat.] The act of hindering or delaying. TA'RDIGRADOUS. tar'-de-grad-fis. a. [lardigra* dus, Lat.] Moving slowly. Brown. TA'RDILY, tar'-de-le. ad. Slowly; sluggishly. Shakspeare. TA'RDINESS^ar'-de-nes. n.s. Slowness; sluggish- ness; unwillingness to action or motion. Shak. TA'RDlTY, lar'-de-te. n. s. [larditas, Lat.] Slow- ness ; want of velocity. Digby. TA'RDY§, tar' -de. a. [tardus, Lat. ; tardif, Fr.] Slow ; not swift. Sandys. Sluggish ; unwilling to action or motion. Dryden. Dilatory ; late ; tedi- ous. Shak. Unwary : a low word. Hudibras. Criminal ; offending : a low word. Collier. To TARDY, tar'-de. v. a. [tarder, Fr.] To delay ; to hinder. Shakspeare. TARE, tare. n. s. [teeren, Dutch.] A weed that grows among corn. Hooker. The common vetch. Pope. TARE, tare. n. s. [Fr.] A mercantile word denot- ing the weight of any thine containing a commodi- ty ; also the allowance made for it. TARE, tare, preterit of tear. Dryden. TARGE, tarje. )n.s. [tang 1 , fcanfta TA'RGET, tar'-get. 381. $ _ Ssx.;' targe, Ital. and Fr. ; tarian, Welsh.] A kind of buckler or shield bon;e on the left arm. It seems to be commonly used for a defensive weapon, less in circumference than a shield. Spenser. . £5= Mr. Perry and Mr. Barclay are the only orthoepists who make the jr in this word [tar worth. TA'STABLE, tast'-a-bl. 405. a. That may be tast ed ; savoury ; relishing. Boyle. To TASTE §, taste, v. a. [taster, old Fr.; tasten, German and Teut.l To perceive and distinguish by the palate. St. John, ii. To try by the mouth ; to eat, at least in a small quantity. Milton. To es- say first. Knolks. To obtain pleasure from. Ca rew. To feel ; to have perception of. Heb. ii. To relish intellectually ; to approve. Milton. To TASTE, taste, v.n. To try by the mouth; to eat Milton. To have a smack ; to produce on the pal- ate a particular sensation. Bacon. To distinguish intellectually. Swift. To be tinctured, or receive some quality or character. Sliak. To try the rel- ish of any thing. Davies. To have perception of. Shak. To take to be enjoyed. Milton. To enjoy sparingly. Dryden-. TASTE, taste, n. s. The act of tasting ; gustation. Milton. The sense by which the relish of any thing on the palate is perceived. Bacon. Sensibility ; perception. Sliak. That sensation which all things taken into the mouth give particularly to the tongue, the papillae of which are the principal instruments hereof. Exouus, xvi. Intellectual relish or discern- ment. Hooker. An essay ; a trial ; an experiment. Shak. A small portion given as a specimen. Bacon. TASTED, tast'-ed. a. Having a particular relish. Bacon. TA'STEFUL, tast'-ful. a. High relished; savoury. Bp. Hall. TA'STELESS, tast'-les. a. Having no power of perceiving taste. Having no relish or power of stimulating the palate ; insipid. Boyle. _ Having no power of giving pleasure; insipid. Addison. Hav- ing no intellectual gust. Orrery. TA'STELESSNESS, tast'-les-iies. n.s. Insipidity: want of relish. Whitlock. Want of perception of >aste. Want of intellectual relish. Swift. TA'STER, tast'-ur. n. s. [tasteur, Fr.] One who takes the first essay of food. Crashaw. A dram cup. Ainsu-orth. TA'STY*, tas'-le. a. Expressed or done so as to show intellectual relish : a modern word. To TA'TTER §, tat'-tur. v. a. [fcotaepan, Sax.] To tear ; to rend ; to make ragged. Shakspeare. TA'TTER, tat'-tur. n.s. A rag; a fluttering rag L'Estrange. TATTERDEMA'LION, tat-tur-de-maF-yun. n. s. A ragged fellow. Howell. To TA'TTLE $, uit'-tl. 405. v.n. [tateren, Dutch.] To prate; to talk idly; to use many words with Ik tie meaning. Spenser. TA'TTLE, lat'-tl. ». s. Prate ; idle chat ; trifling talk. Swift. TA'TTLER, tat'-tl-ur. n. s. An idle talker; a prater. Bp. Taylor. TATTO'O, tal-too'. n.s. [tapotez tons. Fr.] The beat of drum by which soldiers are warned to their quar- ters. Prior. TAUGHT, tawt. 213, 393. preterit and part, passive of teach. Isaiah, liv. To TAUNT §, taut, or tawnt. [tant, Jones, Fulton and Knight.] v. a. [tanner, Fr.] To reproach ; to insult; to revile; to ridicule ; to treat with insolence and contumelies. Shak. To exprobrate; to menti' u with upbraiding. Slutkspeare, * 914 TAX TEA — 116, mdve, n5r, nut;— tube, tub, bull; — 6ll; — pound; — th'm, this. ftjT I have every orthoepist in the language against me in the preference I give to the first sound of this word, except Mr Eiphiuston; and his authority as an amilo- gist outweighs every other. I see no good reason that this word should have the broad sound of a, and not aunt, haunt, flaunt, jaunt, and tho proper name Saun- ders ; nor is my ear much accustomed to hear it so pro- nounced. — See Saunter, Haunt, and Principles, No. 214. W. TAUNT, tant. 214, n.s. Insult; scoff; reproach ; rid- icule. Shukspearc. TA'UNTER, tant'-ur. n. s. One who taunts, re- proaches, or insults. Huloel. TA'UNTINGLY, tant'-ing-le. ad. With insult; seof- fingly; with contumely and exprobration. SJmk. TAURICO'RNOUS, taw-re-kor'-nfis. a. [tawus and cornu, Lat.] Having horns like a bull. Brown. TAU'RUS^^lLw'-riis, n. s. [Lat.] The second sign in the zodiack. Shalcspeare. TAUTOLOGICAL, taw-tc-lod'-je-kal. a. [taidolo- gique, Fr.] Repeating the same thing. Burton. TAUTO / LOGIST,taw-t6r'-l6-jist. n.s. One who re- peats the same thing. To TAUTOLOGIZE* taw-tol'-li-jlze. v.n. To re- peat the same thing. Smith. TAUTO'LOGYMaw-toI'-lo-je. 518. n.s. [ravToXo- yia ; tuuto and Aoyoj, Gr. ; tautologie, Fr.] Repeti- tion of the same words, or of the same sense in dif- ferent words. Glanville. TAUTO'PHONYf, taw-tof-6-ne. n.s. A successive repetition of the same sound. $y* 1 have long wished to insert this word into my vo- cabulary, from a conviction of its utility in conversing on the sounds of words, but was deterred for want of an authority from any of our dictionaries, when, upon reading the very learned and ingenious Essay on the Prosodies of the Greek and Latin Languages, I found the word used in exactly that manner, which shows the propriety, and even necessity, of adopting it. The learned author says, " The most extraordinary tau- topfiony which he [EustathiusJ mentions, is that of the vowels t and rj, in the proper names of the goddesses Ipjj and T Hpr}." — On the Prosodies of the Greek and Latin Languages: printed for Robson, 1796. TV. TA'VERN §, tav'-urn. n. *. [taverne, Fr. ; taberna, Lat.] A house where wine is sold, and drinkers are entertained. Shakspeare. TA'VERN ER, uV-urn-ur. }«. s. \ta- TA'VERNKEEPER, tav'-um-keep-fir. [■ bernarius, TA'VERNMAN, tav'-firn-man. ) Lat. ; ta- vemier, Fr.] One who keeps a tavern. Camden. TA'VERNING*, tav'-urn-ing. n.s. Act of feasting at taverns. Bp. Hall. To TAW §, taw. 219. v. a. [tomven, Dutch ; fcapian, Sax.] To dress while leather, commonly called alum leather, in contradistinction from tan leather, that which is dressed with bark. Beaumont and Fletcher. TAW, taw. n. s. A marble to play with. Swift. TA'WDRILY*, taw'-dre-le. ad. In a tawdry man- ner- Pulleney. TA'WDRINESS, taw'-dre-nes. n. s. Tinsel finery ; finery ostentatious, without elegance! Richardson. TA'WDRY$, taw'-dre. 219. a. [from Slawdrey, Saint Awdrey, or Saint Etheldred, as the things bought at Saint Etheldred's fair.] Meanly showy ; splendid without cost; fine without grace ; showy without elegance. Spenser. TA'WDRY, taw'-dre. n. s. A slight ornament ; a kind of necklace worn by country wenches. Dray- ton. TA'WED*, tawd. part. a. Of the colour of tan; im- bro wn ed . Sackville. TA'WER, taw'-ftr. n. s. [fcapejie, Sax.] A dresser of leather. Barret. TAWNY, taw'-ne. 219. a. [tone, tonne 1 , Fr.] Yellow, like things tanned. Shakspeare. TAXvS taks. n. s. [tasg, Welsh; taxe, Fr. ; taxe. Dutch.] An impost; a tribute imposed; an excise; a tallage. Dryden. \taxo, Lat.] Charge ; censure. Beaumont and Fletcher, [taxa, low Lat.] Task ; lesson to be learned. Articles of Eccl. Visitation ! and Inquiry. . \ To TAX, taks. v. a. [taxer, Fr.] To load with im- posts. 2 Kings, xxiii. [taxo, Lat.] To charge ; to censure ; to accuse. Raleigh. TA'XABLE, taks'-ii-bl. 405. a. That may be taxed. Sherwood. TAXATION, vAks-a'-shtm. n. s. [Fr. ; toured io, Lat.] The act of loading with taxes; impost; lax. Sidney. Accusation ; scandal. Shakspeare. TA'XER, taks'-ur. 98. n. s. One who taxes. Bacon. TEA, te. 227. n.s. [a word probably Chinese ; tM, Fr.] A Chinese plant, of which the infusion has lately been much drunk in Europe. Waller. To TEACH §, tetsh. 352. v. a. pret. and part. pass. taught, sometimes teached. [ceecan, Sax.] To in- struct ; to inform, as a master : correlative to learn. Isaiah, ii. To deliver any doctrine or art, or words to be learned. Deut. xxxi. To show ; to exhibit so as to impress upon the mind. Sluik. To tell j to give intelligence. Tusser. To TEACH, tetsh. 227. v. n. To perform the office of an instructer. Mic. iii. TE' ACH ABLE, tetsh'-a-bl. 405. a. Docile ; suscep- tive of instruction. Wilkins. TF/ACHABLENESS,tetsh'-a-bl-nes. n.s. Docility, willingness to learn; capacity to learn. Granger. TE'ACHER, tetsh'-fir. 98. n.s. One who teaches; an instructer ; preceptor. Hooker. One who, with- out regular ordination, assumes the ministry. SwifL A preacher ; one who is to deliver doctrine to the people. Raleigh. TEAD, ). hA 5 n.s. [lede, old Fr. ; tarda, Lat.] A TEDE, \ / torch ; a flambeau. Spenser. Ob. J. TEAGUE, teeg. 227, 337. n. s. A name of contempt used for an Irishman. Prior. TEAL, tele. 227. n. s. [teelingh, Dutch.] A wild fowl of the duck kind. Carew. TEAM §, teme. 227. n. s. [temo, Lat. ; team, Sax.J A number of horses or oxen drawing at once the same carriage. Spensei: Any number passing in a line. Dryden. To TEAM*, teme. v. a. To join together in a team. Spenser. TEAR§, tere. 227. n.s. [ea in this word is pronounc- ed ee ; tagr, M. Goth. ; fceap, Sax. ;daigr, Welsh.] - The water which violent passion forces from the eyes. Bacon. Any moisture trickling in drops. Dryden. To TEAR§, tare. i>. a. pret. tore, anciently tare; part. pass. torn, [tairan, gatairan, M. Goth. ; taer-a, Su. Goth.; fcsepan, Sax. ; ea is pronounced as a, and tear rhymes to square.'] To pull in pieces ; to lacerate ; to rend; to separate by violent pulling. Gen. xliv. To laniale; to wound with any sharp point drawn along. Jer. xvi. To break or take away by violence. Dryden. To divide violently ; to shatter. Locke. To pull with violence ; to drive violent!}'. Dryden. To take away by sudden vio- lence. Waller. To make a violent rent. Slmk. 55= The inconvenience of having two words, of different significations, written alike, and pronounced different- ly, is evident in this and the preceding word ; and this inconvenience is perhaps greater than that where the orthography is different and the pronunciation the same ; but, perhaps, the greatest inconvenience is tha former, where the orthography is the same, and the pronunciation different. — feee Bowl. W. To TEAR, tare. v.n. [tieren, Dutch.] To fume ; to rave ; to rant turbulently. V Estrange. TEAR, tare. 73, 240. n. s. A rent ; fissure. TE'ARER, ta/-rur. 98. n.s. One who rends or tears; one who blusters. TE'ARFALL[NG,tere'-fal-ling. a. Tender; shed- ding tears. Shakspeare. TE'ARFUL, tere'-ful. a. Weeping; full of tears. TE'ARLESS*, tere'-les. a. Without tears. Sandys. To TEASE §, teze. 227. v. a. [taej-an, Sax.] To comb or unravel wool or flax. Milton. To scratch cloth in order to level the nap. To torment with importunity ; to vex with assiduous impertinence Butler. TE'ASEL, te'-zl. n. s. [fceej-l, Sax.] A plant. Miller. TE'ASELER*,te'-zl-ur. n.s. [teizeler, Norm. Fr.l 915 J TEL TEM O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m427. a. [tene- TENEBROUS, ten'-e-brus. \ bHcosus,tene- brosus, Lat. j tenebreux, Fr.] Dark; gloomy. Hawes. TENE'BRIOUS*, te-ne'-bre-us. a. Gloomy; tene- brous. Young. TENEBROSITY, ten-e-bros'-e-te. n. s. [tenebros- ite, old Fr.] Darkness ; gloom. TENEMENTS, ten'-e-ment. n.s. [Fr. ; tenemtntum law Lat.] Any thing held bv a tenant. Spenser. TENEMENT AL*, ten-e-menl'-al. a. To be held by certain tenure. Blackstone. TENEMENTARY*, ten-e-ment'-a-rc. a. Usual!} let out : denoting tenancy. Spelman. TENENT. n. s. See Tenet. TENE RITY, te-ner'-e-te. n. s. [teneiHtas, Lat.] Ten- derness. Ainsworth. TENE'SMUS, te-nez'-mus. n. s. A needing to go to stool. Arlmihnot. TENET, ten'-net. 99. [See Tenable.] n. s. [tenet, Lat. he holds. It is sometimes written tenent, or they hold.] Position; principle; opinion. Brmcn. TENFOLD, ten'-fild. a. Ten times increased. Milton. TENNIS, tgn'-nfs. n. s. A play at which a ball is driven with a racket. Sliakspeare. To TENNIS, teV-nls. v. a. To drive as a ball. Spenser. Ob. J. TENON, ten'-fln. n. s. [Fr.] The end of a timber cut to be fitted into another timber. Exod. xxvi. TENOR, or TENOUR, ten'-nur. [See Tenable.] n. s. [tenor, Lat.; teneur, Fr.] Continuity of state ; constant mode ; manner of continuity ; gen eral currency. Sidney. Sense contained ; general course or drift. Shak. A sound in musick. Ba- con. TENSE, tense. 431. n. s. [temps, Fr. ; tempus, Lat.] [In grammar.] A variation of the verb to sign'fy time. Clarke. ,918 TER TER -116, move, nor, n6t; — tube, tub, bull:— oil ; — pound;— th in, THis. TENSER tense. 431. a. [tensus, Lat.] Stretched; stiff; not lax. Holder. TE'NSENESS, tense'-nes. n. s. Contraction ; ten- sion : the contrary to laxity. Sharp. TE'NSIBLE, ten'-se-bl. 405. a. [tensus, Lat.] Capa- ble of being extended. Bacon. TE'NSILE, teV-sil. 140. a. [tensilis, Lat.] Capable of extension. Bacon. TE'NSION, ten'-shun. n, s. [Fr. ; tensus, Lat.] The act of stretching; not laxation. Holder. The state of being stretched; not laxity. Blackmore. TE'NSlVE, uV-slv. 158, 428. a. [tensics, Lat.] Giv- ing a sensation of stiffness or contraction. Floyer. TE'NSURE, ten'-shure. 461. n.s. [tensus, Lat.l The act of stretching, or stale of being stretched; the contrary to lajsalion or laxity. Bacon. TENT §, tent, n. s. [tente, Fr. ; tentorium, Lat.] A soldier's movable lodging place, commonly made of canvass extended upon poles. Acts, xviii. Any tem- porary habitation; a pavilion. Milton, [tente, Fr.] A roll of lint put into a sore. Sluik. [vino tinto, Span.] A species of wine deeply red, chiefly from Gallicia in Spain. Howell. To TENT, tent. v. n. To lodge as in a tent ; to tab- ernacle. Shakspeare. To TENT, tent. v. a. To search as with a medical tent. Shakspeare. TE'NTAGE*, uk'-tfdje. n. s. An encampment. Draytrm. Ob. T. TENTA'TION^en-ta'-slnm.tt.s. [Fr.; tentatio,Lai.] Trial ; temptation. Bp. Hall. TENTATIVE, len'-ta-tlv. 512. a. [tentatif, Fr.; tento, Lat.] T.-ying; essaying. Bp. Hall. TE'NTED, lent'-ed. a. Covered with tents. Sluxk. TESTER §, teV-tur. 98. n.s. [tendo, tentm,hat.; tmteji^an, Sax.] A hook on which things are stretched. Overbury. — To be on live, tenters. To b-3 on the stretch ; to be in difficulties ; to be in sus- pense. Hudibras. To TE'NTER, ten'-tur. v. a. To stretch by hooks. Bacon. To TE'NTER, teV-lur. v. n. To admit extension. Bacon. TE'NTERGROUND*, teV-tur-grSund. n. s. Ground on which tenters are erected for stretching cloth. Graij. TENTH, i&nth. a. [teoSa, Sax.] First after the ninth; ordinal of ten. Boyle. TENTH, tentfi. n. s. The tenth part. Shak. Tithe. Phillips. Tenths are that yearly portion which all livings ecclesiastical yield to the king. Coioel. TE'NTHLY, tenth' -\k. ad. In the tenth place. TENTFGINOUS, ten-tfd'-jln-us. a. [tentigo, Lat.] Stiff; stretched. TE'NTORY* ten'-tur-e. n. s. [tentorium, Lat.] The awning of a tent. Evelyn. TE'NTWORT, teni'-wfirt. n.s. A plant. Ainsworth. TENUIFO'LIOUS, ten-u-e-f6'-le-us. a. [tenuis and folium, Lat.] Having thin leaves. TENUITY §, te-niV-e-te. n. s. [tenuiti, Fr. ; temiitas, Lat.] Thinness; exility; smallness ; minuteness ; not grossness. Bacon. Poverty ; meanness. King Charles. TE'NUOUS, ten'-nu-us. a. [tenuis, Lat.] Thin; small ; minute. Broum. TE'NURE, te'-nure. [See Tenable.] n.s. [teneo, Lat. ; tenure, Fr. ; tenura, law Lat.] The. manner w r herebv tenements are holden of their lords. Cmcel. TEPEFA'CTION, tep-e-fak'-shun. n. s. [tepefacio, Lat.] The act of warming to a small degree. TE'PID $, tep'-M. 544. a. [tepidus, Lat.] Lukewarm ; warm in a small degree. Arbuthnot. TEPFD1TY, te-pld'-e-te. n. s. [tepiditi, old Fr.] Lukewarmness. Bp. Richardson. TE'POR, te'-por. 166, 544. n. s. [tepor, Lat.] Luke- warmness; gentle heat. Arbuthnot. TE'RAPIN*, ter'-a-pln. n. s. A kind of tortoise. Hist., of Virginia. TERATOLOGY, ter-a-toF-6-je. n. s. [riparos and \iyio.] Bombast; affectation of false sublimity. Bailey. TERCE. t&se. n. s. {tierce, Fr. ; trims, Lat.] A vessel containing forty-two gallons of wine; the third part of a butt or pipe. B. Jonson. TE'RCEL*, tcV-sel. n. s. A hawk. See Tasskl. TEREBINTH §#, teV-c-b?ni/i. n. s. [terebintlie, Fr. ; repifiivdos. Gr.] The turpentine tree. Spenser. TEREBI'NTHINATE, ter-re-b?n'-We-nate. 91. ) TEREBPNTIIINE, ter-re-bm'-i/z'm. 140. j a ' [terebinthum, Lat.J Consisting of turpentine ; mixed with turpentine. Floyer. To TE'REBRATE$, uV-re-brate. v. a. Uerehro, LatJ To bore ; to perforate ; to pierce. Brown. TEREBRA'TION, ter-re-bra'-shun. n. s. The act of boring or piercing. Bacon. TE'RET*, leV-ft. a. [teres, ieretis, Lat.] Round. Fotherby. TERGE'MINOUS, ter-jem'-e-nus. a. [tergeminus, Lat.] Threefold. To TERG1VE'RSATE6*, ter-je-voV-sate. r. n. [tergum and verto, Lat.] To boggle ; to shift ; to use evasive expressions. Bailey. TERGIVERSATION, ter-je-ver-sa'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Shift ; subterfuge ; evasion. Martin. Change : fickleness. Clarendon. TERM §, term. 7i.s. [terminus, Lat.] Limit; boun- dary. Bacon, [tenne, Fr.] The word by which a thing is expressed. Bacon.. Words ; language. Shak. Condition; stipulation. Dryden. [termine, old Fr.] Time for which any thing lasts; a limit- ed time. Shak. [In law.] The time in which the tribunals are open to all that list to seek their right by course of law : the rest of the year is called va- cation. Of these teiius, there are four in every year ; one is called Hilary term, which begins the twenty-third of January, and ends the twenty-first of February ; another is called Easter term, which begins eighteen days after Easter, and ends the Monday next after Ascension-day ; the third is Trinity to-m,.beginning the Friday next after Trin- ity Sunday, and ending the Wednesday-fortnight after ; the fourth is Michaelmas term, beginning the sixth of November, and ending the twenty- eighth of November, Cowel. To TERM, term. v. a. To name ; to call. Locke. TE'RMAGANCY, teY-ma-gan-se. n. s. Turbulence : tumultuousness. Barker. TE'RMAGANT $, teV-ma-gant. 88. a. [fcyji and ma^an, Sax.] Tumultuous; turbulent. Shak. Quarrelsome ; scolding ; furious. Arbuthnot. TE'RMAGANT, teV-ma-gant. n. s. A scold ; a brawling, turbulent woman. It appears to have been ancientlv used of men. S'nakspeare. TERMER,, teP-mur. n. s. One who travels up to the term. B. Jonson. One that holds for a term of vears or life. Cowel. TERMINABLE, teY-me-na-bl. a. Limitable ; that admits of bounds. To TERMINATE §, teV-me-nate. v. a. [termino, Lat. ; terminer, Fr.] To bound ; to limit. Locke. To put an end to : as, to terminate any difference. To TERMINATE, teV-me-nate. v. n. To be limit- ed ; to end ; to have an end ; to attain its end. Hammond. TERMINATION, ter-me-na'-shun. n. s. The act of limiting or bounding. Bound ; limit. Broicn. End; conclusion. Last purpose. White. [In gram- mar : ferminatio, Lat.l End of words as varied by their significations. Watts. Word ; term. Shak'. TE'lLMINATIVE*, teV-ine-na-tiv a. Directing ter- mination. Bp. Rust. TE'RMINATIVELY*. teV-me-na-tfv-Ie. ad. Abso- lutely ; so as not to respect any thing else. Bp. Taylor. TERMFNTHUS, ter-mln'-i/tus. n. s. [t% £ v0o S .] A kind of tumour. Wiseman. TE'RMLESS, term'-les. a. Unlimited; boundless. Spenser. TE'RMLY*, term -le. a. Occurring every term. Ba- con. TE'RMLY term' le. ad. Term by term every term. Bacon. TE RNARY, ter -na-re. a. [ternaire, Fr. ; ternarius, Lat.] Proceeding by threes j consisting of three TER TET \£T 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— m£ met ;— pine, p?n y- n. s. [lernarms, and lernio, Lai.] The number three. TERNARY, ler'-nd-re TE'RNION, uV-ne-un. Bp. Hall. TE'RRACE §. ter'-ras. 91. n. s. [Fr. ; terraccia, Ital.] A mount of eartli covered with grass or gravel. Temple. A balcony; an open gallery. Dry- den. To TE'RRACE, ter'-ras. v. a. To open to the air or light. Wotton. TE'RR^-FILIUS*, uV-re-fiF-e-fis. n. s. [Lat.] Formerly, a satirical orator at the publick acts in the university of Oxford, not unlike the prevarica- tor at Cambridge. Guardian. TERRA'QUEOLS, ter-nV-kwe-us. a. [terra and aqua, Lat.] Composed of land and water. Wood- ward. TE'RRAR*, ter'-rar. n. s. [terrarium, low Lat.] A terrier or register of lands. Cowel. To TERRE*. v. a. To provoke. See To Tar. Wicliffe. TERRE-BLUE. n.s. [terre and blue, Fr.] A sort of earth . Woodward. TE'RREMOTE*. n. s. [teremuet, old Fr. ; terrce vio- las. Lat.] An earthquake. Gower. Ob. T. TE'RRE- VERTE. n. s. [Fr.] A sort of earth. Woodward. TERRE'NE, ter-rene'. a. [terrenus, Lat.] Earthly; terrestrial. Hooker. TERRE'NE* ter-rene'. n. s. The surface of the whole earth. Milton. TE'RREOUS, uV-re-us.a. [terreus, Lat.] Earthy; consisting of earth. GlanHlle. TERRE STRIAL §, ter-reV-tre-al. a. [terrestris, Lat.] Earthly; not celestial. Spenser. Consisting of earth; terreous. Woodward. TERRESTRIALLY*., ter-reV-tre-al-le. ad. After an earthly manner. More. To TERRESTRIFY, ter-reV-lre-fl. v. a. [ferres- tris and facio, Lat.] To reduce to the state of earth. Brown. TERRESTRIOUS, ter-res'-tre-us. a. [terrestris, Lat. ; terrestre, Fr.] Terreous ; earthy ; consisting of earth. Brown. TE'RRIBLE §, uV-re-bl. 405,160. a. [Fr.; terri- hilis, Lat.] Dreadful; formidable; causing fear. Shale. Great so as to offend : a colloquial nyper- bcle. Clarendon. TE'RRIBLENESS, ter'-re-bl-nes. n. s. Formida- bleness ; the quality of being terrible ; dreadful- ness. Sidney. TE'RRIBLY", ter'-re-ble. ad. Dreadfully; formida- bly ; so as to raise fear. Drijden. Violently ; very much. Swift. TE'RRIER, ter'-re-ur. [See Tarrier.] n. s. [Fr. ; from terra. Lat.] A dog that follows his game un- der ground. Dryden. [terrier, Fr.] A survey or register of lands. Ayliffe. [from lerebro, Lat.] A wimble, auger or borer. Ainsworth. TERRFFICK, ter-rlf-flk. 509. a. [lerriftcus, Lat.] Dreadful ; causing terrour. Milton. To TE'RRIFY, ter'-re-fl. to. a. [terror and facio r Lat.] To fright; to shock with fear; to make afraid. Job. vii. TERRITORIAL*, ter-re-to'-re-al. a. Belonging to a territory. Mountain. TE'RRITORY §, teY-re-i&r-e. 557. [See Domes- tick.] 7i. s. [terriioriinn, low Lat.] Land; coun- try ; dominion ; district. SJiakspeare. TE'RROUR. uV-rur. 166. n.s. [terror, Lat. ; ter- reur, Fr.] Fear communicated. Milton. Fear re- ceived. Shah. The cause of fear. Milton. TERSER terse, a. [ters, Fr.; tersus, Lat.] Smooth. Brown. Cleanly written; neat; elegant without pompousness. Dryd.en. TE'RSELY*, ters'-le. ad. Neatly. B. Jonsm. TE'RSENESS*. ters'-nes. n. s. Smoothness or neat- ness of stvle. Dr. Warton. TE'RTIAN, teV-shmi. 88. n.s. [tertiaria, Lat.] An ague intermitting but one day, so that there are two fils in three davs. Harvey. To TE RTIATE, ter'-shc-ate. v. a. [ieHio,tertius, Lat.] To do any thing the third time. TESSELLATED, t£s'-sel-la-ied. a. [tesselli, Lat.] Variegated by squares. Woodward. TESSERA'ICK* , tes-se-ra'-)k. a. [lessere, ,r. ; tes- sera, Lat.] Variegated by squares ; tessellated. Sir R. Atkv?is. TEST §, test.w. s. [test, Fr.; testa, Ital.] The cupel by which refiners try their metals. Cliaucer. Trial, examination : as, bv the cupel. Shak. Means of trial. B. Jonson. That with which any thing is compared, in order to prove its genuineness. Pope. Discriminative characteristic^ Dryden. Judge- ment; distinction. Drvden. TE'STABLE*, teV-ta-bl. a. [testable, Fr.] Capable of witnessing or bearing witness. Cotgrave. TESTA'CEOUS, tes-ta'-shus. 357. a. [teslaceus, Lat.; teslacee, Fr.] Consisting of shells ; composed of shells. Having continuous, not jointed shells . opposed to cnistaceous. Woodward. TESTAMENT §, teV-ia-ment. n. s. [Fr.; testament um, Lat.] A will ; any writing directing the dis posal of the possessions of a man deceased. Hooker. The name of each of the volumes of the Holy Scripture. Bp. Hall. TESTAMENTARY, ies-ta-ment'-a-.-e. a. [testa* mentaire, Fr. ; testamentarius , Lat.] Given by will j contained in wills. Atlerbury. TESTAMENTATION*, tes-uWn-ta'-shun. n. * The act or power of giving by wiil. Bui ke. TESTATE, t)i, Gr.] A Roman governour of the fourth part of a province. B. Jonson. %jT Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Perry, are for the first pronunciation of this word, and Buchanan and En- tick for the second. Let those who plead the Latin quantity for the short sound of e, peruse Principles, No. 544. W. TETRA'RCHATE, te-trar'-kate. )n.s. [rzrpapyia.] TETRARCH Y, tet'-trar-ke. 503. S A Roman gov- ernment of a fourth part of a province. Patrick. TETRA'RCHICAL* te-trar'-ke-kal. a. Belong- ing to a tetrarchy. Sir T. Herbert. TETRA'STICK, te-iras'-tik. 509. n.s. [rerpdaTc- X°s] An epigram or stanza of four verses. Pope. TETRASTYLE*, tet'-ra-stlle. n. s. [tetrastijle, Fr. ; riTTtxpa and arvXos, Gr.] A building with four pil- lars in front. TETRASYLLABLE*, teVra-sil'-la-bl. n.s. [tetra- syllable, Fr. ; rerrapa, Gr., and syllable.] A word of four syllables. TETRICAL §, tet'-re-kal. )a. [letricus, Lat.] TETRICOUS $, let'-re-k&s. f Fro ward j perverse ; sour. Knoll.es. TETRFCITY*, te-tr!s*e-te. n. s. [tetricit4, old Fr.] Sourness ; perverse. iess. Cockeram. TE'TRICK*, tet'-filk. a. [tetrique, Fr.] Sour; harsh} perverse } morose. Burton. TETTERS, tei'-tur. 98. n.s. [fcefceji, Sax.] A scab ; a scurf; a ringworm. Sliakspeare. To TETTER*, teV-tur. v. a. To infect with a tet- ter. Shakspeare. TETTISH*, tet'-fsh. a. [perhaps a corruption of tetchy.'] Captious} testy} ill-humoured. Beaumont and Fletcher. TEUTC/N1CK* tu-ton'-?k. a. Spoken by the Teu- tones, or ancient Germans. Dr. Johnson. TEUTO'NTCK*, tu-tdii'-ik. n.s. The language of the Teutones : by ellipsis. Bp. Percy. TEWS, tu. n.s. [towe, Dutch.] Materials for any thing. Skinner. An iron chain. Ainsworth. To TEW, tu. v. a. [capian, Sax.] A naval expres- sion applied to hemp : to tew hemp. To tease ; to ' tumble over or about; to pull. Beaumont and Fletcher. TE'WEL, uV-el. n.s. [tuyau, or tuyal, Fr.] In the back of the forge, against the fire-place, is fixed a thick iron plate, and a taper pipe in it above five inches long, called a tewel ; into this tewei is placed the bellows. Muxon. To TE'WTAW, tu'-law. v. a. [from tew by redupli- cation.] To beat ; to break. Mortimer. TEXTS, tekst. n. s. [texte, Fr. ; textus, Lat.] That on winch a comment is written. Waller. A sen- tence of Scripture. White. To TEXT*, tekst. v.a. To write as a text. Beaumont and Fletcher. TEXT-HAND*, tekst'-hand. n. s. A particular kind of large hand-writing: so called, because formerly the text was ever wntfen in a large hand, and the comment in a small. Cleaveland. TEXTILE, teks'-til. 140. a. [taeftYw, Lat.] Woven; capable of being woven. Bacon. TE'XTMAN, tekst'-man. n. s. A man ready in quo- tation of texts. Sanderson. TEXTO RIAL*, teks-to'-re-al. a. [lextorius, Lat.] Belonging to weaving. Warton. TE'XTRINE, teks'-trin. a. [textrina, Lat.] Relating to weaving. Derham. TEXTUAL*, teks'-lshu-al. a. [textuel,Fr.] Con- tained in the text. Milton. Serving for texts. Bp. Hall. TE'XTUALIST*, teks'-tshu-al-ist. n.s. One ready in citing texts. Lightfoot. TE'XTUARIST, teks'-lshM-rlst. )n. s. [textuaire, TE / XTUARY,teksMshu-a"-re. 463. $ Fr.] One rea- dy in the text "of Scripture j a divine well versed in Scripture. Milton. TE'XTUARY, teks'-tshu-a-re. a. Contained in the text. Broicn. Serving as a text} authoritative Glanville. TEXTUIST*, teks'-tshu-ist. n. s. One ready in quotation of texts. Milton. TEXTURE, teks'-tshure. 461. n.s. [Fr. 5 textus, Lat.] The act of weaving. Brown. A web ; a thing woven. Thomson. Manner of weaving, with respect either to form or matter. Bp. Hall. Dis- position of the parts of bodies; combination o< parts. Milton. THACK*, tliak. n.s. [Sace, Sax.] Thatch : a com- mon northern word, and old in our language. Hence, also, a thackster, a thatcber. Chaucer. THAN, THan. 466. conj. [than, Goth. } Sanne, Sax.] A particle placed in comparison after the comparative adjective or adverb, noting a less de- gree of the quality compared in the word that fol- lows than : as, Monarchy is better than anarchy. The hawk flies more swiftly than the pigeon. B. Jonson. THANE $, thkne. 466. n. s. [Se£n, Sax.] An old title, of honour, perhaps equivalent to baron. Shak. THANELANDS*, Mue'-lands. n.s. Such lands a* were granted by charters of the Saxon kings to their thanes. Cowel. THANESHIP*, f/iane'-shlp. n.s. [Se^en-j-cipe, Sax.] The office and dignity of a thane ; the seigniory of a thane. Steevens. To THA NKS, Wangle. 408, 466. v. a. [Sancian,Sax., dancken, Dutch; thankeii, Germ.] To return ac- knowledgements for any favour or kindness. 2 Thcssalonians, i. It is used often in a contrary or ironical sense. Milton. THANK, thangk. )n.s. [Sane. Sanca]*, Sax. ; THANKS, thangks. $ dancke, Dutch.] Acknowl- edgement paid for favour or kindness; expression of gratitude. Shakspeare. THANKFUL, th&agk'-fbl. a. [Sancpul, Sax.] Full of gratitude ; ready to acknowledge good received Common Prayer. THANKFULLY, tfmngk'-ftU-e. ad. With lively and grateful sense of good received. Shakspeare. THANKFULNESS, tfiangk'-ffil-nes. n. s. Grati- tude ; lively sense or ready acknowledgement of good received. Sidney. THANKLESS, tJmngk'-\h. a. Unthankful; un- grateful ; making no acknowledgement. Spenser, Not deserving, or not likely to gain, thanks. Wotton THANKLESSNESS,Z/iangk'-les-nes. n. s. Ingrati- tude } failure to acknowledge good received. Donne. THANKOTFERING, *fcangk'-&f-f&r-ing. n. s. Of- fering paid in acknowledgement of mercy. Watts, To THANKSGIVE*, zMngks'-giv. v.a. To cele- brate ; to distinguish by solemn rites. Mede. Ob.T. THANKSGFVER*, ^angks-gfv'-ur. n. s. A giver of thanks. Barrow. THANKSGIVING, r/zangks'-glv-lng. n.s. Cele- bration of mercy. Neh. xii. THA'NK WORTHY, tfiangk'-wfir-THk a. Deserv- ing gratitude ; meritorious. 1 Pet. ii. THARM, thh-m. n.s. ['Seap.m, Sax.] Intestines twisted for several uses. THAT §, THat. 50. pronoun, [that, tliata, Goth. ; Seefc Sax. ; dot, Dutch.] Not this, but the other. Shak. Which ; relating to an antecedent thing. Perkins 921 THA THE ID* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pm; Who; relating to an antecedent person. Dan. iv. It sometimes serves to save the repetition of a word or words foregoing : as, What is tliat to us 1 See thou to that. St. Matt, xxvii. Opposed to this, as the other to one : as, This is not fair; not profitable that. Dryden. When this and that relate to fore- going words, this is referred, like hie or cecy, to the latter, and that, like iY/e or ce/a, to the former. Cow- ley. Such as. Tillotson. That which; what. Shak. The thing. Numbers, vi. The thing which then was. Cowley. By way of eminence : as, This is that Jonathan. Cowley. — In tluxt. Because ; in consequence of. Hooker. {Jc^T When this word is used as a pronoun demonstrative, it has always an accent on it, and is heard distinctly rhyming with hat, mat, &c. Thus, in Pope's Essay on Criticism, v. 5 : '* But, of the two, less dang'rous is th' offence " To tire our patience, than mislead our sense, w Some few in that, but numbers err in this ; " Ten censure wrong, for one who writes amiss." Here the word that is as distinctly pronounced as any other accented word in the language. When this word is a relative pronoun, and is arranged in a sentence with other words, it never can have an ac- cent, and is therefore much less distinctly pronounced than the foregoing word. In this case the a goes into that obscure sound it generally has when unaccented, 88, as may be heard in pronouncing it in the following passage from Pope's Essay on Criticism, v. 297 : " True wit is nature to advantage dress'd, " What oft was thought, but ne'er so well express'd ; " Something, whose truth, convin'e'd at sight, we find, " That gives us back the image of our mind." Here we find the a so obscured as to approach nearly to short u ; and, without any perceptible difference in the sound, the word might be written thut. 92. W. THAT, THat. 50, 466. conj. [tliatei, Goth.] Because. Noting a consequence. Dryden. Noting indica- tion Bacon. Noting a final end. Cowley. JcCp What has been observed of the pronunciation of this word, when a relative pronoun, is perfectly applicable to it when a conjunction ; in either case it never has the accent, and necessarily goes into an obscure sound like short u. Thus, in tho following passage from Pope's Essay on Criticism : " The vulgar thus through imitation err: M As oft the leam'd by being singular: " So much they scorn the crowd, that, if the throng " By chance go right, they purposely go wrong." Here the conjunction that is pronounced with exactly the same degreo of obscurity as when a relative pro- noun. The word that, by being sometimes a demonstrative pro- noun, sometimes a relative, and sometimes a conjunc- tion, may produce a quadruple repetition of the same word, which, though not elegant, is strictly grammati- cal ; a repetition which is, perhaps, peculiar to the English language. This is humorously exemplified by Mr. Steele in the Spectator, No. 80, in the Just Re- monstrance of affronted That, where he brings in this word, declaring how useful it had been to a great ora- tor, who, in a speech to the lords, had said, " My lords, with humble submission, that that I say is, that that that that gentleman has advanced is not that that he should have proved to your lordships." In the pro- nunciation of this passage, it is plain that the word that, which is not printed in Italicks, is pronounced nearly as if written thut. I am sensible of the delicacy of the obscure sound of this a, and therefore do not offer i/asa perfect equivalent, but as the nearest approach to it, and as the means of pointing out the power of the accent, and its importance in ascertaining the sense ; for, if all these words were pronounced equally distinct, it is plain the sense would he obscured ; and, so liable are the relative, the conjunction, and the demonstrative, to be confounded, that some writers have distinguished the latter by printing it in Italicks. Those who wish to see the most profound and ingenious investigation of the grammatical origin of these words, mu?t consult Home Tooke's Diversions of Purley. W. THATCH $, thatsh. 466. n. s. |8ace, Sax.] Straw laid upon the top of a house to keep out the weath- er. Pope. To THATCH, thatsh. v. a. [Saccian, Sax.] To cover as with straw. Bacon. THA'TCHER, tfzatsh'-ur. n. s. One whose trade is to cover houses with straw. Swift. THAUMATU'RGICAL*, Mw-ma-tur'-je-kal. a Exciting wonder. Burton. THA'UMATURGY*, z/iaw'-ma-tfir-je. n.s.[i)aipa dav/xaros and epyov.~\ Act of performing what may excite wonder. Warton. To THAW $, tfiaw. 466. v. n. [Sapan, Sax. ; degen Dutch.] To grow liquid after congelation ; to melt. Donne. To remit the cold which had caused frost. To THAW, thaw. v. a. To melt what was congealed. Shaksjpeare. THAW, thaw. n. s. Liquefaction of any thing con- gealed. Shakspeare. Warmth such as liquefies congelation. Shakspeare. THE, THe, or th6. 466. article. [8e, Sax.] The ar- ticle noting a particular thing. Shak. Before a vowel, e is commonly cut off in verse. Daniel. Sometimes he is cut off: as, In this scale gold, in t'other fame does lie. Cowley. It is used by way of consequential reference. Whole Duty of Man. The is sometimes used according to the French idiom : as, It is a constitution t/te most adapted. Addison. {J^f 1 Mr. Sheridan has given us these two modes of pro- nouncing this word, but has not told us when we are to use one, and when the other. To supply this deficiency, therefore, it may be observed, that when the is prefixed to a word beginning with a consonant, it has a short sound, little more than the sound of th without the e ; and when it precedes a word beginning with a vowel, the e is sounded plainly and distinctly. This difference will be perceptible by comparing the pen, the hand,$LC, with the oil, the air, &c. ; or the difference of this word before ancients and moderns in the following couplet of Pope : " Some foreign writers, some our own, despise ; " The ancients only, or the moderns, prize." A very imperfect way of pronouncing this word very fre- quently arises in verse, where the poet, for the preserva- tion of the metre, cuts off e by an apostrophe, and unites the article to the following word. This pronunciation depraves the sound of the verse without necessity, as the syllable formed by e is so short as to admit of being sounded with the following syllable, so as not to in- crease the number of syllables to the ear, or to hurt the melody. " 'Tis hard to say if greater want of skill " Appear in writing or in judging ill ; " But, of the two, less dang'rous is th' offence " To tire our patience than mislead our sense." Pope. — — " Him the Almighty Power " Hurl'd headlong flaming from th 1 ethereal sky, " With hideous ruin and combustion, down " To bottomless perdition, there to dwell " In adamantine chains and penal fire, " Who durst defy i/t' Omnipotent to arms. Milton. In these examples we see the particle the may either form a distinct syllable or not. In the third line from Pope the first the forms a distinct syllable, but the second is sunk into the succeeding noun. The same may be ob- served of this particle in the first, second, and sixth lines in the passage from Milton : but what appears strange is, that, though the particle the before a vowel, and shortened by an apostrophe, does not. augment the number of syllables, it is really pronounced longer than where it forms a syllable, and is not thus shortened by elision. This is apparent in the third line from Pope". " But, of the two, less dang'rous is th y offence." The reason why the first the, though pronounced shorter than the second, forms a syllable, and the second does not, seems to arise from the coalescence of the vowels, which, though lengthened in sound, may still be pro- nounced with one impulse of the breath. Thus, when a consonant follows the particle the, we find two dis- tinct impulses, though the e is dropped ; but when a vowel follows the, the impulse on the particle slides over, as it were, to the consonant of the succeeding syl- lable, without forming two distinct impulses, nearly as if a y were interposed, and the words were written Wyojfence, tit 1 7 'omnipotent, &c. I would not, however, be supposed to disapprove of the practice of eliding the e before a vowel to the eye when the verso requires it: this practice is founded on good sense: and the first line in the passage from Milton shows the necessity of making the distinction when it 922 THE THE — n6, mSve, ndr, not; — tube., tub, bull; — 6Tl;— pSund; — //tin, THis. is and when it is not to be elided : what I wish to re- form is the practice of shortening the e to the car, and thus mincing and impoverishing the sound of the verse without necessity. W. THE'ATIN* the'-Uln. n. s. [Fr.] One of an order of priests among - the papists, so called from a su- periour of their order, who was archbishop of Cliieti in Naples, anciently Theate. Coigr-ave. THE'ATINE*, ^e'-a-lin. n. s. One of an order of nuns conforming' to the rules of the Theatins. THE'ATRAL, tfie'-a-tral. a. [Fr.; tlieatralis, Lat.] Belonging to a theatre. Comment, on Chaucer. THE'ATRE §, */ie'-a-tfir. 416, 470. ?i. s. [Fr. ; tlvea- trum, Lat.] A place in which shows are exhibited; a play-house. Shakspeare. A place rising by steps or gradations like a theatre. Milton. THEATRICAL, tfie-at'-tre-kal. )a. Scenick; suit- THEATRICK, i/ie-at'-trlk. 409. 5 ing a theatre ; pertaining to a theatre. Pope. THEATRICALLY, i/ie-at'-tre-kal-e. ad. In a man- ner suiting the stage. Pope. THEAVE*, 2/teev. n. s. A ewe or sheep of three years old. Pegge. THEE, THee. 4G6. The oblique singular of thou. Cowley. To THEE* t>, n. [theihan, Goth. ; Sean, Sax.] To thrive ; to prosper. Chaucer. THEFT, Mft. 466. n.s. [Sypte,SaxJ The act of stealing. Cowel. The thing stolen. Exod. xxii. THEIR, THare. 466. pron. [fteopa, Sax. ; theirra, Ice!.] Of them: the pronoun possessive from they. Sliak. Theirs is used when any thing comes in construction between the possessive and substantive. Hooker. THEISM $*, thV-izm. n. s. [theisme, Fr. ; Beds, Gr.] The acknowledgement of a God, as opposed to atheism ; deism, which see. Ld. Monboddo. THE'IST* thh'-hi. n. s. [llieiste, Fr.] A deist, which see. Dean Martin. THEI'STICAL*, */;.e-?s'-te-kal. ) a. Belonging to THEFSTICK*, tfte-fs'-tlk. $ theists ; deisti- cal. Leslie. THEM, THem. 466. The oblique of tlvey. [thaim, Goth.]_ Wilkins. THEME, i/ieme. 466. n.s. [Fr. ; from Osua, Gr.] A subject on which one speaks or writes. Watts. A short dissertation written by boys on any lopick. Milton. The original word whence others are de- rived. Watts. THEMSE'LVES, THem-seW. n. s. These very persons : in this sense it is nominative. Hooker. The oblique case of they and selves. Milton. THEN, THen. 466. ad. [than, Goth.; San, Sax.; dan, Dutch.] At that time. Clarendon. After- wards ; immediately afterwards ; soon afterwards. Bacon. In that case ; in consequence. Wliite. Therefore ; for this reason. Holy day. At another time : as ; now and then, at one time and other. Milton. 'That time. Milton. THENCE $, THense. 466. ad. From that place. Mil- ton. From that time. lsa. Ixv. For that reason. Milton. — From thence is a barbarous expression, thence implying the same. Shalcspeare. THENCEFORTH, Tii&ise' -forth, ad. From that time. Spenser. — From thenceforth is a barbarous corruption. Milton. THEN CEFO'R WARD, THense-f6Y-ward. ad. On from that time. Kettlewe'd. THENCEFRO'M*, THense-from'. ad. From that place. Smith. Ob. T. THEOCRACY $, tf>e-6k'-kra-se. 470, 518. n.s. [the- ocratie, Fr. ; debs and Kpareu), Gr.] Government im- mediately superintended by God. Hammond. THEOCRATICAL, ^e-6-krat'-te-kal. ) a. [tlieo- THEOCRATICK*, tfie-o-krat'-lk. $ cratique, Fr.] Relating to a government administered by God. Burnet. THEO DOLITE, thKbd'-6-]\tc. n. s. [theodolite, Fr. ; from 6eu> and Mi^d?, Gr.] A mathematical instrument for taking heights and distances. Burke. THEO'GONY^Ae-og'-g^-ne. 518. n.s. [theogonie, Fr. ; Oeoyovla, Gr.] The generation of i he gods. Ld Shaftesbury. THEO LOGASTER*, ^e-6J / -6-gas-t5r. n. s. A kind of quack in divinity, as a medicaster in physick: a low writer or student in divinity. Burton. THEO'LOGER, ^e-61'-6-jur. \ n. s. [tlieologim THEOLO'G IAN, tfie-6-l6 ; -je-an. ) Fr. ; theologus Lat.] A divine; a professor of divinity. Hayward. THEOLO'GICAL, i/).] The fight against the gods by the giants. It is used, also, for opposition to the divine will. Bacon. THEO'RBO, tfte-Sr'-bo. n. s. [tiorba, Ital. ; tuorbe, Fr.] A large lute for playing a thorough bass, used by the Italians. Butler. THE'OREM §, i/ie'-o-rem. 170. n. s. [theoreme, Fr. : Oeuprjua, Gr.] A position laid down as an acknowl- edged truth. Hooker. A position proposed to be demonstrated. Malone. THEOREMATICAL, Z/te-6-re-mat / -e-kal. ) THEOREMATICK, rte-o-re-mat'-ik. S- «. THEORE'MICK,*/ie-6-rem'-fk.5q9. } Comprised in theorems ; consisting in theorems. Grew. THEORETICAL, tfie-6-reY-te-kal. ) THEORE'TICK, tfie-o-ret'-ik. f „ THEO'RICAL, tfie-Sr'-e-kal. L cu THE'ORICK, tfie-or'-ik. 509. ) [tlieoritique, Fr. ; from deajpnTtxbs, Gr.] Speculative , * depending on theory or speculation ; terminating in theory or speculation; not practical. Boyle. THEORETICALLY, tfje-o-ret'-e-kal-e. ? . THEO'RICALLY, tfie-&r'-e-kabe. $ aa ' Speculatively ; not practically. Boyle. THE'ORICK, Z/ie'-o-rlk. 510. n. s. Speculation ; not practice. Sliakspcare. THE'ORIST, thh'-b-rhl. n.s. A speculatist; one given to soeculation. Addison. THE'ORY §, Me'-o-re. 170. n. s. [tlieorie, Fr. ; top. Gr.] Speculation ; not practice ; scheme ; plan or system yet subsisting only in the mind. Hooker. THEOSOTHICAL*, */ie-6-s&f-e-kal. ) a. [eeo S and THEOSO'PHICK*, */ie-o-s6P-ik. $<7 <£ 0S .] Di vinely wise. More. THE RAPE' UTICAL* tfier-a-pvV-te-kal. ) THERAPE'UTICK, ^er-a-pu'-t?k. \ [therapeutique, Fr. ; Qipa-nevTiKog, Gr.] Curative teaching or endeavouring the cure of disease/ Ferrand. THERE §, THare. 94. ad. [thar, Goth. ; Saep., Sax. daer, Dutch ; der, Dan.] In that place. Shak. 1* is opposed to here. An exclamation directing something at a distance. Dryden. It is used at the beginning of a sentence with the appearanceof a nominative case, but serves only to throw the nominative behind the verb : as, a man came, or there came a man. Hooker. In composition it means that : as, thereby, by that. THEREABOUT, THare'-a-bSut. ; ad. Near tha THEREABO'UTS^Hare'-a-bauts. \ place. Shak Nearly ; near that number, quantity, or state. Da vies. Concerning that matter. St. Luke, xxiv. THEREAFTER, THare-af-t&r. ad. According- to that; accordingly. Peacham. After that. [Saep. aepr-eri, Sax.] Spenser. THEREAT, THare-at'. ad. At that ; on that ac- count. Hooker. At that place. St. Matt. vii. 923 THE THI 03 3 559.— File, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;- THEREBY', THare-bK ad. By that 3 by means of that ; in consequence of that. Hooker. Near or by that place. Spenser. THE'REFORE, THeV-f6re. 94. ad. For that ; for this 3 for this reason. Slwk. Consequently. Spec- tator. In return for this j in recompense for this or for that. St. Matt. xix. For that purpose. Spen- ser. THEREFRCVM, THare-frdm'. ad. From that j from this. Jos. xxiii. THEREFN, THare-fn'. ad. In that ; in this. Bacon. THEREINTO, THare-m-lo'. ad. Into that. St. Luke, THEREO'F, THare-df. 377. ad. Of that ; of this. Hooker, THEREO'N, THare-dn'. ad. On that. St. Mark, xiv. THEREO'UT, THare-d&t'. ad. Out of that. Judg. xv. THERETO', THare-tS'. ) ad. To that. Hook- THE llEUNTQ', THare-un-tcV. S er. FHEREUNDER, THare-iW-d&r. ad. Under that. Raleigh. THEREUFO'N, l Hare-up-&n'. ad. Upon that ; in consequence of that. Hooker. Immediately. FHEREWHFLE*, THare-hwile'. ad. At the same time. Abp. Laud. Ob. T. THERE WI'TH, THare-wM'. [See Forthwith.] ad. With that. Hooker. Immediately. THEREWITHAL, THare-wfe/i-all'. ad. Over and above. Dan. At the same time. Shak. With that. Spenser. — The compounds of there meaning that, and of here meaning this, have been for some time passing out of use, and are no longer found in elegant writings, or in any other than formulary pieces. TH.ERF- Bread*, ifcerf-bred. n. s. [derfbrode, vet. Angl. Boreal. ; Saepp vel Seopp, Sax.] Unleaven- ed bread. Wiclijfe. \ THERFACAL, f/ie-rl'-a-kal. 506. a. [B W aKa, Gr. ; theriaca, Lat.] Medicinal ; physical. Bacon. THE'RIACK §*, tfie'-re-ak. n. s. [S n pia K a.] A rem- edy against poisons ; treacle. The Student. THE'RJVlAL*, tfieV-mal. a. [Fr. ; from w fc, Gr.] Relating to warm baths, natural or artificial: as, thermal waters. THERMO'METER^, ^eT-mom'-e-tur. 518. n.s. [thermometrie, Fr. ; Btp^bg and fxerpov, Gr.] An in- strument for measuring the heat of the air, or of any matter. Brown. THERMOME'TRICAL, */ier-m6-met'-tre-kal. 468. a. Relating to the measure of heal. Cheijne. THE'RMOSCOFE, i/teV-mi-skope. n. s. [6eppb s and oKontu).~] An instrument by which the de- grees of heat are discovered ; a thermometer. Ar- buthnot. THESE, THGze. 466. pronoun. The plural of this. [Sap, Sax. j dese, Dutch ; thesser, IcelJ Opposed to those, or to some others. Dryden. These relates to the persons or things last mentioned, and those to the first. Woodward. THE'SIS, the/sh.n.s. [these, Fr. ; Stag, Gr.] A po- sition j something laid down, affirmatively or nega- tively. Prior. THE'SMOTHETE, thh'-mb-thhe. n. s. [Fi 3 Bza- uoBhrjs, Gr.] A lawgiver. THE'TICAL*, tfiet-'-e-kal. a. [from thesis.'] Laid down. More. THEU'RGICAL*, tfie-fir'-je-kal. ) a. [theurgique, THEU'RGICK*, thb-ur'-jlk. __ J Fr. 5 from the- THE who is addict- THI urgy.] Relating to theurgy. Hallywell. rHyURGISTV^-ur-jlst. n.s. Onewl ed to theurgy. Hallywell. HE'URGY'§, tfie'-fir-je. n.s. [Bsovpyia, Gr. ; theur- fie, Fr.] The power of doing supernatural things y lawful means : as, by prayer to God : the mean- ing also is a species of magick, in old times, which was employed in the worship of angels for their as- sistance to effect wonderful things. Hallytvell. rHEW$, thh. n.s. [Seap, Sax.] (Quality; man- ners 3 customs ; habit of life ; form of behaviour. Oh. J. Spenser. [cJeo^, Sax.] Brawn, 01 bulk. Shakspeare. THE'WED, thhde. a. Educated ; habituated 3 ac customed. Spenser. Ob. J. THEY, THa. pron. In the oblique c^se them, the plu- ral of he or site, [thai, Goth, j hi, Sax.] The men , the women 3 the persons. Shak. Those men 3 those women : opposed to some others. Shak. It is used indefinitely : as the French on dit. Dryden [The plural of this, that, or it.~\ The things. Shak. THFBLE, thlb'-b\. n.s. A slice ; a scuminer 3 a spat ula. Ainsworth. THICK §, thlk. 466. a. [Sicce, Sax. ; dick, Dutch 3 dyck, Dan. 5 tltickr, Ice!.] Not thin. Dense 5 not rare ; gross 3 crass. Raleigh. Not clear 3 not transparent ; muddy 3 feculent. Shak. Great in circumference ; not slender. 1 Kings, xii. Deep} noting the third dimension : as a plank four feet long, two feet broad, and five inches thick. Noting comparative bulk : as, The door was three inches thick. Frequent; in quick succession 3 with little intermission. Knolles. Close ; not divided by much space ; crowded. Spenser. Not easily pervious ; set with things close to each other. Dryden. Coarse ; not thin. Bacon. Without proper inter- vals of articulation. Shak. Stupid. Hay ward. Dull 3 not quick : as, thick of hearing : a colloquial expression. Intimate 3 familiar : a vulgarism. THICK, tliik. 400. n. s. The thickest part, or time when any thing is thickest. Knolles. A thicket ; a place full of bushes. Drayton. — Thick and thin. Whatever is in the way. Hudibras. THICK, thlk. ad. Frequently ; fast. Denham. Close ly. Dryden. To a great depth. Wiseman. — Thick and threefold. In quick succession 5 in great num. bers. V Estrange. To THICK*, thik. v. n. To grow dense. Spenser. To THFCKEN, ttik'-kn. 103. v. a. [Siccian, Sax.] To make thick. To make close ; to fill up inter- stices. Woodward. To condense ; to make to con- crete. Arhuthnol. To strengthen ; to confirm Shakspeare. To make frequent. To make close or numerous : as. to thicken the ranks. To THFCKEN, ttiik'-kn. v. n. To grow thick. To grow dense or muddy. Shak. To concrete 5 to be consolidated. Prior. To grow close or numerous. Dryden. To grow quick. Dryden. THFCKET.tfnV-et. 98. n.s. [Wefcfce, Sax.] A close knot or tuft of trees 3 a close wood or copse. Shakspeare. THFCKLY, *7i?k'-le. ad. [Sicbce, Sax.] Deeply } to a great quantity. Boyle. Closely 5 in quick suc- cession. THFCKNESS, thW-nh: n. s. The state of being thick ; density. Quantity of matter interposed 3 space taken up by matter interposed. Boyle. Quantity laid on quantity to some considerable depth. Bacon. Consistence ; grossness 3 not rare- ness ; spissitude. Bacon. Imperviousness 5 close- ness. Addison. Want of sharpness 3 want of quick- ness. Holder. THFCKSKULL*, Z/jfk'-skul. n. s. A dolt 3 a block- head. Johnson. THFCKSKULLED, tfuk'-skuld. a. Dull ; stupid Dryden. THFCKSET, tfifk'-set. a. Close planted. Dryden. THFCKSK1N, ttik'-skh. n. s. [thick and skin.] A coarse, gross man ; a numskull. Shakspeare. THIEF §, thecf. 275, 466. n. s. [thiuhs, Goth. 5 Siep, fteop, Sax. 3 die/, Dutch.] One who .takes what be- longs to another. An excrescence in the snuff of a candle. Bp. Hall. THIEF-CATCHER, thehf -katsh-ur. ) n. s. One THIEF-LEADER, tfteef-le-riur. Whose busi- THIEF-TAKER, f/ieeP-ta-kflr. ) ness is to detect thieves, and bring them to justice. Bramston. To THIEVE, thbbv. 275. v. n. [Seopian, Sax.] To steal ; to practise theft. THFEVERY. i/ieev'-fir-e. n.s. Thepractice of steal- ing ; theft. Spenser. That which is stolen. Shak speare. THFEVISH, thhkv'-hh. a. Given to stealing ; prac- tising theft. Shak. Secret ; sly 3 acting by stealth Siiakspeare. Relating to what is stolen. Lilly. 924 THI THO -116, move, n3r, n&t ; — tube, tub, b&ll ; — All ;— p6und ; — ftin, this. THI'EVISHLY, tfieev'-ish-le. ad. Like a thief. Tusser. THI EVISHNESS, tfieev'-feh-nes. n. s. Disposition to steal ; habit of stealing. THIGH, thl 46(5. n.s. [Seoh, Sax. j thio, Icel. 5 rffe, Dutch.] The thigh includes all between the but- tocks and the knee. The tkigh-bone is the longest of all the bones in the bod}'. Quincy. THILK, thllk. pronoun. [Silc, Sylc, Syllic, Sax.] That same. Spenser. Ob. J. THILLS, thll 466. n.s. [3ille,Sax.] The shafts of a wagon ; the arms of wood between which the last horse is placed. Mortimer. THILL-HORSE, thAl'-hoise. ; n. s. [thill andhorse.] THl'LLER, f/rfl'-l&r. \ The last horse ; the horse that goes between the shafts. Tusser. THFMBLE, thlm'-bl 405, 466. n.s. A metal cover by which women secure their fingers from the nee- dle when they sew. Shakspeare. THIME, time. 471. n. s. [thymus, Lat. ; thym, Fr.] A fragrant herb. This should be written thyme. Spenser. THL\§, thin, 466. a. [Sinn, Sax. 5 thunnr, Icel. ; = dunn, Dutch.] Not thick. Exod. xxxix. Rare; not dense. Wisd. v. Not close 3 separate by large spaces. Roscommon. Not closely compacted or accumulated.' Gen. xli. Exile; small. Dryden. Not coarse ; not gross in substance: as, a thin veil. Not abounding. Addison. Not fat ; not bulky ; lean ; slim ; slender. L' Estrange. Slight ; unsub- stantial. Chaucer. THIN, thin, ad. Not thickly. Bacon. To THIN, thin. v. a. [Sinnian, Sax.] To make thin or rare ; to make less thick. Arbuthnot. To make ! Jess close or numerous. King Charles. To atten- 1 uate. Blackmore. THINE, THlne. 466. pronoun, [thein, Goth. ; Sin, I Sax. 3 dijn, Dut.] Belonging or relating to thee ; j the pronoun possessive of thou. It is used for thy when the substantive is divided from it : as, This is | thy house ; thine is this house ; this house is thine. Shakspeare,. THINGS, thing. 466. n.s. [Sin£, Sax.] Whatever is not a person : a general word. Knolles. It is used in contempt: as, I have a thing in prose. Swift. It is used of persons in contempt, or some- times with pity. Shik. It is used by Shakspeare once in a sense of honour : Thou noble thing ! To THINKS, thlngk. 408. v. n. preter. thought, [lhankgan, Goth. ; Sencean, Sincan, Sax.; denck- en., Dutch.] To have ideas ; to compare terms or things ; to reason; to cogitate; to perform any mental operation, whether of apprehension, judge- ment, or illation. Locke. To judge ; to conclude ; to determine. Numb, xxxvi. To intend. Shak. To imagine ; to fancy. Shak. To muse ; to medi- tate. Dryden. To recollect ; to observe. Neh. v. To judge 3 to be of opinion. Swift. To consider 5 to doubt; to deliberate. Bentley. — To think on. To contrive ; to light upon by meditation. Swift. To think of. To estimate. Locke.. To THINK, thlngk. 50, 466. v. a. To imagine 3 to image in the mind; to conceive. 1 Cor. xiii. To believe; to esteem. Milton. — To think much. To grudge. Milton. To think scorn. To disdain. Esth. iii. Me thinketh. It seems to me. Me thought. It appeared to me. These anomalous phrases are not easily reconciled to grammar. Sid- neif. 2 Sam. xviii. THFNKER, tfifngk'-ur. 98. n.s. One who thinks in a certain manner. Locke. THINKING, thlngW-hg. 410. n. s. Imagination 3 cogitation; judgement. Shakspeare. THI'NLY, ^iln'-le. ad. Not thickly. Shenstone. Not closelv ; not numerously. Brown. THINNESS, r/iln'-nes. n. s. [Sinners Sax.] The contrary to thickness ; exility ; tenuity. Bacon. Paucity 5 scarcity. Dryden. Rareness 5 not spis- situde. Smth. THIRDS, thard. 108. a. [SpiSSa, Sax.] The first after the second j the ordinal of three. Sfiak- spcare. THIRD, th'urd. ?t.s. The third part. Shakspeare. The sixtieth part of a secoiv.l. Holder. THl'RDBOROUGH, i/mrd'-bur-ro. n. s. [tiurd and borough.'] An under-constable. B. Jonson. THIRDLY, i/i&rd'-le. ad. In the third place. Bacon. To THIRL, ftArl. v. a. [Siplian, Sax.] To pierce ; lo perforate. It is now pronounced and written thrill. THIRSTS, $first. 108. n.s. [Syppte, Sax.] The pain suffered for want of drink ; want of drink. Denham. Eagerness ; vehement desire. Fairfax. Draught. Milton. To THIRST, thurst. v. n. [Sypptan, Sax. ; dersten, Dutch.] To feel want of drink ; to be thirsty or athirst. Isa. xlix. To have a vehement desire fcr anv thing. Psalm xlii. To THIRST, tfi&rst. v. a. To want to drink. Prior. THFRSTINESS, ^urst'-te-nes. n.s. The state of being thirsty. Wotton. A vehement desire for any thing. Naunton. THFRSTY,i/iSrst'-ie.a. [Suppfci^Sax ] Suffering want of drink; pained for want of drink. Judg. iv. Possessed with any vehement desire : as, biood THiRTE'EN,*/nV-teen. 108. a. [3jieofcine,SaxJ Ten and three. Bacon. THIRTEENTH, thur-ieenth' . a. The third after the tenth. Beaumont. THIRTIETH, ti&r'-i.h-kh. 279. «. [Spitfce^oba, Sax.] The tenth thrice told ; the ordinal of thirty. Shakspeare. THFRTY, tlmr'Ae. 108. a. [SjiiciS, Sax.] Thrice ten. Shakspeare. THIS, this, pronoun. [$i£, Sax.] That which is present 3 what is now mentioned. Shak. The next future. Gen. xviii. This is used for this time. Dry den. The last part. Dryden. It is often opposed to that. Pope. When this and tliat respect a for mer sentence, this relates to the latter, that to the former member. See Those. Hooker. Some- times it is opposed to the other. Dryden. THISTLE S, thh'-sl 466, 472. n. s. [Siptel, Sax.] A prickly weed growing in fields. Miller. THI'STLE, Golden, n. s. A plant. Miller. THISTLY, thk'-le. a. Overgrown with thistles. Thomson. THFTKERS, thIth'-iV. 466. ad. [Sibep, Sax.] To that place : it is opposed to hither. Shakspeare. To that end ; to that point. THFTHERTO, THiTH'-ur-to. ad. To that end 3 so far. THFTHER WARD, TH?TH'-ur-ward. ad. [Sibep- peapb, Sax.] Towards that place. Spenser. THO, th6. ad. [3a, Sax. ; tha, Icel.] Then. Spenser. THO 7 , th6. con/. Contracted for though. To THOLE S*,' thb\e. v. a. [thulan, Goth. ; Sohan, Sax.] To bear ; to endure ; to undergo. Gower. To THOLE, thble. v. n. [tola, Su. Goth.] To wait a while : a northern expression. THOLE*, thb\e. n. s. [tholus, Lat.] The roof of a temple. Fuimus Troes. See Thowl. THO'MIST*, tom'-ist. n. s. A schoolman following the opinion of Thomas Aquinas, in opposition to the Scotists. Warton. THONG, thong. n. s. [Spans, Spong, Sax. 3 thweing, Icel. ; thwong, old Engl.] A strap or string of leath- er. Dryden. THORA'CICK, ftd-ras'-lk. 509. a. Belonging to the breast. THO'RAL, thb'-A\. a. [thorns, Lat.] Relating to the bed. Ayliffe. THO'RAX*;ihb'-Aks. n. s. [Lat.] The breast ■, the chest. Smith. THORN S, thbrn. n. s. [Sojin, Sax.] A prickly tree of several kinds. Gen. iii. A prickle growing on the thorn-bush. Milton. Any thing troublesome. Southern. THO'RNAPPLE, //tftrn'-ap-pl. n.s. A plant. Marti. TIIO'RNBACK, thbvu'-bvk. n. s. A sea-fish. Ar- buthnot. THO'RNBUT, tfiorn'-but. n. s. A sort of sea-fish Ainsworth. 925 THO THR ttjr- 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— THO'RNY, thdr'-nh.a. Full of thorns; spiny ; rough; prickly. Randolph. Pricking ; vexatious. Shak. Difficult ; perplexing. Spenser. THOROUGH, tfi&r'-ro. 318. prepos. By way of making passage or penetration. By means of. Skakspeare. See Through. THOROUGH $, thur'-r6. 390, 466. a. [the adjective is always written thorough, the preposition com- monly through.] Complete ; full ; perfect. Spenser. Passing through. Bacon. THOROUGHFARE, */i£r'-r6-fare. n. s. [thorough and fare; Suphpape, Sax.] A passage through ; a passage without any stop or let. Sliak. Power of passing. Milton. THOROUGHLY, thox'-xb-Xk.ad. Completely ; fully. Shakspeare. THOROUGHPACED, tofir'-ro-p&ste. «. Perfect in what is undertaken ; complete ; thoroughsped. Generally in a bad sense. Swift. THOROUGHSPED, tfi&r'-ro-spgd. a. Finished in principles ; thoroughpaced : commonly, finished in ill. Swift. THO ROUGHSTITCH, tftur'-r6-stftsh. ad. Com- pletely ; fully : a low word. L' Estrange. THORP, thorp, n. s. [See also Dorp.] Thorp, throp, threp, trep, trop, are all from tiie Saxon Sopp, which signifies a village. Gibson. THOSE, THOze. '166. pronoun. The plural of tlmt. S/uilc. Those refers to the former, these to the lat- ter noun. Cowley. THOU§, thou. 4G6.pron. [Su,Sax. ; in the oblique cases singular thee, 3e, Sax. ; in the plural ye, £e, Sax. ; in the oblique cases plural you, eop, Sax. You is now commonly used for the nominative plu- ral.] The second pronoun personal. Shak. It is used only in very familiar or very solemn lan- guage. To THOU, th&u. v. a. To treat with familiarity ; to address in a kind of contempt. Shakspeare. THOUGH, tho. 466. corij. [Seah, Sax. ; tho, Icel. and old Swed.] Notwithstanding that; although. Milton. — As though. As if; like as if. Gen. xl. — It is used in the end of a sentence in familiar lan- guage ; however ; yet. Dryden. THOUGHT, thhvt. 466. The pret. and part. pass, of think, [cfohte, Sax.; thalita, M. Goth.] Shak. THOUGHT, thkwt. 313,466. n. s. [from the preterit of to think ; Seahfce, Sax.] The operation of the mind ; the act of thinking. Prior. Idea ; image formed in the mind. Milton. Sentiment ; fancy ; imagery ; conceit. Dryden. Reflection ; particu- lar consideration. Shak. Conception ; preconceiv- ed notion. Milton. Opinion ; judgement. Job, xii. Meditation ; serious consideration. Roscommon. Design ; purpose. Jer. xxix. Silent contemplation. Shak. Solicitude ; care ; concern. 1 Sam. ix. Expectation. Shak. A small degree ; a small quantity : as, a thought better. Swift. THOUGHTFUL, */iawt'-ful. a. Contemplative; full of reflection ; full of meditation. Dryden. At- tentive ; careful. Phillips. Promoting meditation ; favourable to musing. Pope. Anxious ; solicitous. Prior. THOUGHTFULLY, thkwt'-f ul-e. ad. With thought or consideration ; with solicitude. THOUGHTFULNESS, f/tawt'-ful-nes. n.s. Deep meditation. Swift. Anxiety ; solicitude. THO'UGHTLESS,tfiawt'-les. a. Airy; gay; dissi- pated. Negligent; careless. Rogers. Stupid; dull. Dryden. THOUGHTLESSLY, f/iawt'-les-le. ad. Without thought ; carelessly ; stupidly. Garth. THOUGHTLESSNESS, tfiawt'-les-nes. n. s. Want of thought; absence of thought. Ld. Chesterfield. THOUGHTSICK, thhvt'-slk. a. Uneasy with re- flection. Shakspeare. THOUSAND §, tfio&'-zand a. or n.s. [Supenb, Sax. ; thusund, Icel.] The number often hundred. Bacon. Proverbially, a great number. Spensei: THOUSANDTH, tlM'-zandth. 466. a. The hun- dredth ten times told ; the ordinal of a thousand : proverbially, very numerous. Shakspeare. THOWL,t}M\.[thb\e, Perry.] n.s. L$ol,Sax.] Oie of two small sticks or wooden pins, driven into the edge of a boat, by which oars are kept in their places when rowing. Ainsworth. To THRACK*, thr&k. v. a. [tracht, Germ.] To load ; to burthen. Sputh. THRA'LDOM, tfirawl'-dum. 166. n. s. Slavery j servitude. Sidney. THRALL §, i/trawl. 84, 466. n. s. [Spall. Sax.; thrael, Icel.] A slave ; one who is in the power of another. Sidney. Bondage; state of slavery or confinement. Chapman. THRALL*, thrkwl a. Bond ; subject. Chaucer. To THRALL, thrkw]. v. a. To enslave ; to bring in- to the power of another. Shakspeare. Ob. J. THRANG*. See Throng. THRARPLE, thrip'-pl 405, 466. n. s. The wind- pipe of any animal ; rather throttle. To THRASH §, tfirash. 466. v. a. [Seeppcan, Sax. derschen, Dutch ; therskia, Icel. Written thrash of thresh ; but thresh is most correct.] To beat corn to free it from the chaff. Judg. viii. To beat j \& drub. Shakspeare. To THRASH, thrash, v. n. To labour ; to drudge, Dryden. THRA'SHER, tfirash'-fir. 98. n. s. One who thrash- es corn. Locke. THRA'SHINGFLOOR, tfirash'-?ng-fl6re. n. s. Aa area on which corn is beaten. Dryden. THRASO'NICAL, i/ira-son'-ne-kaf. 466. a. [from Thraso, a boaster, in old comedy.] Boastful ; bragging. S/iakspeare. THRASONICALLY* tfira-son'-ne-kal-le. ad. Boastfully. Johnson. THRAVE*, thrkve. )n.s. [Spar, Sax.; trafwe, THREAVE*, thrive. S Su. Goth. { trava, low Lat. j throve, Norm. Fr.] A herd ; a drove ; a heap. Bp. Hall. THREADS, #*red. 234. n. s. [opaeb, Sax.] A small line ; a small twist ; the rudiment of cloth. Boyle, Any thing continued in a course ; uniform tenor. Burnet. To THREAD, tfired. 466. v. a. To pass through with a thread. Sharp. To pass through ; to pierce through. Shakspeare. THREADBARE, thr^d'-bare. a. Deprived of the nap ; worn to the naked threads. Spenser. Worn out; trite. Sluxkspeare. THRE'ADBARENESS*, tfred'-bare-nes. n. s. State of being threadbare. Mart of Feeling. THRE'ADEN, thred'-dn. 103. a. Made of thread Shakspeare. THREADY*, thred'-de. a. Like thread; slender. Granger. Containing thread. Dyer. To THREAP, tfireep. v. n. [Speapian, Sax.] To argue ; to contend. Bp. Fisher. To THREAT §, thrk. > 103. v. a. [opeafci- To THREATEN §, tfiret'-tn. \ an. Sax.: threat is seldom used but in poetry.] To menace ; to de nounce evil. Milton. To menace ; to terrify, or at- tempt to terrify, by showing or denouncing evil Acts, iv. To menace by action. Dryden. THREAT, thrh. 234, 466. ?i.s. Menace ; denuncia tionofill. Shakspeare. THREATENER, fAret'-tn-iir. 98. n.s. Menacer one that threatens. Shakspeare. THREATENING, i/iret'-tn-ing. n. s. A menace; a denunciation of evil. Di-yden. THREATENINGLY, tfirftt'-tn-lng-le. ad. With menace ; in a threatening manner. Sluikspeare. THREATFUL, tfiret'-ful. a. Full of threats ; mina- cious. Spenser. THREES, three. 246, 466. a. [Spie, Spe, Sax. ; dry, Dutch ; tri, Welsh and Erse ; tres, Lat.] Two and one. Shakspeare. Proverbially, a small num ber. Shakspeare, THRERFOLD, tfjree'-fold. a. [Speopealb, Sax.] Thrice repeated ; consisting of three. Raleigh, THRERPENCE, threp' -en<=e. n. s. [three and pence, j A small silver coin valued at thrice a penny. Shakspeare. THRERPENNY, threp' -^n-k. a. Vu gar ; mean. 926 THR THR -116, move, n6r, n&t;— tube, t&b, bull ;— 6?I 5— pSfind ;—th'm, THis. THRE'EPILE, tfree'-plle. n.s. [//tree and jn/e.] An old name for good velvet. Shakspeare. THRE'EPILED, tfiree'-plld. a. Set with a thick pile ; piled one on another. Shakspeare. THREESCORE, ^ree'-skore. a. Thrice twentv ; sixty. Brown. THRENE*, tfirene. n. s. [Bpwos.] Lamentation ; complaint. Sliakspeare. Ob. T. THRE'NODY, f/ireV-6-de. 466. n.s. [OptjvuSia.'] A song of lamentation. Sir T. Herbert. To THRESH S,tfiresh. v. a. [Sseppcan, 3ep r can, Sax. See To Thrash.] To beat corn to free it from the chaff. Locke. THRE'SHER, ote, Spota, Sax.] The forepart of the neck ; the passages of nutriment and breath. Shak. The main road of any place. Thomson. — To cut the throat. To mur- der ; to kill by violence. Spenser. THRO'ATPIPE, in the old dictionary of Huloet. Chaucer. THWPTTLE*, thwh'-t\. n. s. [hpifcel, Sax. whence our whittle.] A kind of knife. Chaucer. THY S, th), or THe. 466. pronoun. [Sin, Sax.] Of thee ; belonging to thee ; relating to thee : the pos sessive of thou. Cowley. QCF" From what has been already observed under the pronoun my, we arc naturally led to suppose, that the word thy, when not cmphatical, ought to follow the same analogy, and be pronounced like the, as we fre quently hear it on the stage ; but, if we reflect that reading or reciting is a perfect picture of speaking, we shall he induced to think that, in this particular, the stage is wrong. The second personal pronoun thy is not, like my, the common language of every subject ; it is used only where the subject is either raised abov<» 928 THY TID -n6, move. n6r, nftl ; — t&be, tiib, bull ;— 6ll ; — p6und ; — thm, THis. common life, or sunk below it, into the mean and fa- [ miliar. When the subject is elevated above common i life, it adopts a language suitable to such an elevation, and the pronunciation of this language ought to be as i far removed from the familiar as the language itself, j Thus, in prayer, pronouncing thy like the, even when vnemphatir.al, would be intolerable ; while suffering ' thy, when unemphatical, to slide into the in the pro- nunciation of slight and familiar composition, seems to lower the sound to the language, and form a proper dis- tinction between different subjects. If, therefore, it ■hould be asked why, in reciting epick or tragick com- position, we ought always to pronounce thy rhyming with high, while my, when unemphatical, sinks into the sound of me, it may be answered, because my is the common language of every subject, while thy is con- fined to subjects either elevated above common life, or sunk below ft into the negligent and familiar. When, therefore, the language is elevated, the uncommonness of the word thy, and its full sound rhyming with high, is suitable to the dignity of the subject : but the slender sound like the gives it a familiarity only suitable to the j language of endearment or negligence, and foi this very reason is unfit for the dignity of epick or tragick coin- j position. Thus in the following passages from Milton : " Say first, for heav'n bides i.othing from thy view, " Nor the deep tract of hell." Parad. Lost, b. 1. R O thou, that, with surpassing glory crown'd, " Look'st from thy sole dominion, like the God 18 Of this new world ; at whovs sight all the stars " Hide their diminish'd head." 1 ; to thee I call, " But with no friendly voice, and add thy name, " O sun, to tell thee how I hate thy beams." Parad. Lost, b. 4. Here, pronouncing the pronoun thy like the word the, would familiarize and debase Ibo language to prose. The same may be observed of U>e following passage from the tragedy of Cato : " Now, Caesar, let thy troops beset our gates, " And bar each avenue ; thy gathering fleets " O'erspread the sea, and stop up ev'ry port; "Cato shall open to himself a passage, " And mock thy hopes." Here the impropriety of pronouncing thy like the is pal- pable: nor would it be moch more excusable in the fol- lowing speech of Portius, in the same scene of the same tragedy : " Thou see'st not that thy brother is thy rival ; " But I must hide it, for I knew thy temper. ■ " Now, Marcus, now thy virtue's on tha proof; " Put forth thy utmost strength, work every nerve, " And call up all thy father in thy soul." As this pronoun is generally pronounced on the stage, it would be difficult for the ear to distinguish whether the words are, " Thou know'st not that thy brother is thy rival," or, "Thou know'st not that the brother is the rival," &c. And this may be one reason why the slender pronun- ciation of thy should be avoided as much as possible. Perhaps it will be urged, that, though these passages re- quire thy to be pronounced so as to rhyme with high, there are ether instances in tragedy, where the subject is low and familiar, which would be better pronounced by sounding thy like the .- to which it may be answered, that when Tragedy lowers her voice, and descends into the mean and familiar, as is frequently the case in the tragedies of Shakspeare, the slender pronunciation of thy may be adopted, because, though the piece may have the name of a tragedy, the scene may be really comedy. The only rule, therefore, that can be given, is a very indefinite one; namely, that thy ought always to be pronounced so as to rhyme with high, when the subject is raised, and the personage dignified ; but when the subject is familiar, and the person we address with- I out dignity or importance, if thy bo the personal pro- I noun made use of, it. ought to be pronounced like the : I thus, if, in a familiar way, we say to a friend, Give me ! thy hand, we never hear the pronoun thy sounded so as j to rhyme \* ith high .- and it is always pronounced like ! the when speaking to a child ; we say, Mind thy book, I Hold up thy head, or, Take bffthy hat. The phraseol- j ogy wo call theeing and thouing, is not in so common j use with us as the tutoyant among the French: but. as ! the second personal pronoun thou, and its possessive thy, are indispensable in composition, it seems ot some importance to pronounce them properly.' — See Jihe- b&rUi.', (Jh-ammar, page 32. W. THY1NE Wood, tfie'-lne-wud. [tfd'-ine-wfid, Sheri dan.] n. s. A precious wood. Rev. xviii. THYME y, time. 471. n. s. [thym, Fr. 3 thymus, Lat.] A plant. Miller. THY'MY*, tl'-me. a. Abounding with thyme. Akeii side. THYSE'LF, THl-selP. pronoun reciprocal. It is com- monly used in the oblique cases, or following- the verb. Shak. In poetical or solemn language it is sometimes used in the nominative. Dryden. TI AR, tl'-ar. ) n. s. [dare, Fr. } tiara Lat. ; TIA'RA, ti-a'-ra. 116. $ fcyp, Sax.] A dress for the head ; a diadem. Sheldon. To TICE y , -tlse. v. n. [from erdice.] To draw 3 to allure. Beaumont and Fletcher. TI CEMENT* tlse'-ment. n. s. Allurement. Huloei. Ob. T. TICKy, t?k. n. s. [contracted from ticket, a tally on which debts are scored.] Score; trust. Hudibras. [tique, Fr. ; teke, Dutch.] The louse of dogs or sheep. Shak. The case which holds the feathers of a bed. To TICK, t?k. v. n. To run on score. To trust 3 to score. Arbuthnot. To TICKy*, t3k. v. a. [tikken, Dutch.] To note by regular vibration, as a watch or clock. Toilet. TICK*, tlk. 11. s. The sound made in ticking. Rav. TFCKEN, ) i?1 - , 2 { 103. n. s. The same with TFCKING, ) Uk ' klH - I tick. Bailey. TFCKETy, tlk'-ft. 99. n. s. [etiquet, Fr.] A token of any right or debt, upon the delivery of which admission is granted, or a claim acknowledged. Spenser. To TI'CKET*, tlk'-ft. v. a. To distinguish by a ticket. Beidleij. To TFCKLE §, uk'-kl. 405. v. a. [titiilo, Lat.] To affect with a prurient sensation by slight touches. Bacon. To please bv slight gratifications. Sidney To TFCKLE, tik'-kl. v. n. To feel titillation. Spen ser. TFCKLE y,tnV-kl. a. Tottering; unfixed; unstable; uncertain ; easily overthrown. Chaucer TPCKLENESS*, rik'-kl-nes. n. s. Unsteadiness; _ uncertainty. Chaucer. TICKLER*, tlk'-lur. n. s. One that tickles. Scott. TFCKLING*, tik'-hng. n. s. The act of affecting by slight touches ; the act of pleasing by slight grati- fications. B. Jonson. TFCKLISH, tik'-kl-Ish. a. Sensible to titillation, easily tickled. Bacon. Tottering; uncertain; un- fixed. Woodward. Difficult; nice. Swift. TFCKLISHNESS, tlk'-kl-ish-nes. n. s. The slate of being ticklish. TFCKTACK, uV-tak. n. s. [trictrac, Fr.] A game at tables. Hall. TID v\ tld. a. [feybben, Sax.] Tender; soft; nice. TFDBIT, fkl'-blt. n. s. A dainty. To TFDDER, lid'-d&r. ?v, a. To use tenderly; to To TFDDLE, tid'-dl. \ fondle. TIDE y, tide. n. s. [fci&.fcyb, Sax.; tijd, Dutch and Icel.] Time; season; While. Spenser. Alternate ebb and flow of the sea. Locke. Commotion ; vio- lent confluence. Bacon. Stream ; course. Shak. To TIDE. tide. w. a. To drive with the stream. Felfham, To TIDE, tide. v. n. To pour a flood ; to be agitated by the tide. Phillips. TFDEGATE, tkle'-gate. n. s. [tide and gate] A gate through which the tide passes into a. basm. Bailey. TFDESMAN, tldz'-man. 88. n. s. A tidewaiter or custom-house officer, who watches on board of mer- chant-ships till the duty of goods be paid and the ships unloaded. Bailey. TFDEWAITER, tlde'-wa-tur. n. s. [tide and watt.} An officer who watches the landing of goods at tb* custom-house. Swift. TPDII.Y, tl'-de-le. ad. [from tidy.] Neatly; readily TFDINESS, tl'-de-nes. n. s. Neatness; readiness. 1 FDINGS, tl'-duigz. n.s. [fciban, Sax. J News; an accouut of something that has happened j incidents related. Spenser. 929 TIL TIM [LT 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, met ; — pine, pin ;- TI'DY§, , tl'-de. a. [tidl, Icel. ; fcib, Sax.] Seasona- ble ; timely. Tusser. [tidig, Su. Goth.] Neat ; ready. Gay. To TIE §, ll. 276. v. a. [tian, fci£an, Sax.] To bind ; to fasten with a knot. 1 Sam. vi. To knit ; to com- plicate. Burnet. To hold; to fasten ; to join so as not easily to be parted. Fair/ax. To hinder ; to obstruct. Sliak. To oblige; to constrain; to re- strain ; to confine. Hooker. TIE, ti. n.s. Knot; fastening-. See Tye. Bond; obligation. Bacon. A knot of hair. Young. TIER, teer. 275. n. s. [tiere, tkire, old Fr. ; tuyer, Dut.] A row ; a rank. Knoltes. TIERCE, terse. 277. n.s. [tiers, Herder, Fr.] A ves- sel holding the third part of a pipe. B. Jonson. TFERCET, teer'-set. n. s. [tiers, Fr.] A triplet ; three lines. TIFF§, tif. n. s. [a low word.] Liquor; drink. Phillips. A fit of peevishness or sullennessj a pet. To TIFF, t?f. v. n. To be in a pet; to quarrel. To TIFF*, tlf. v. a. [tiffer, old Fr.] To dress; to deck. Search. TIFFANY, tif -fa-ne. n. s. [tiffer, old Fr.] Very thin silk. Brown. TIG*, tig. n. s. [tekan, Goth.] A play in which chil- dren ivy to touch each other last. TIGE, tlje. n. s. [In architecture.] The shaft of a column from the astragal to the capital. Bailey. Tl'GER, tl'-gfir. 98. n. s. [tigre, Fr. ; tigris, Lat.] A fierce beast of the ieonine kind. Shakspeare. TIGHT $, tite. 393. a. [fcy£an, Sax.] Tense; close ; not loose. Moxon. Free from fluttering rags; less than neat. Gay. Handy; adroit. Shak- speare. TIGHT*, pret. of To tie. Spenser. Ob. T. To TI'GHTEN, tl'-tn. 103. v. a. [from tight.] To straiten ; to make close. TIGHTER, ti'-tur. n.s. [from tiglden.] A riband or string by which women straiten their clothes. TFGHTLYl tlte'-le. ad. Closely ; not loosely. Neat- ly; notidlv; briskly; cleverly; adroitly. Shak. TIGHTNESS, tlte'-nes. n. s. Closeness ; not loose- ness. Woodward. Neatness. TFGRESS, tl'-gr&s. n. s. The female of the tiger. Addison. TI GRISH*, tl'-grish. a. Resembling a tiger. Sid- ney. TIKE, tike. n. s. [tik, Swed. ; teke, Dutch ; tique, Fr.] The louse of dogs or sheep. Bacon, [tijk, Runick.] A dog; a cur. Shak. A clown; a vul- gar person ; a blunt or queer fellow : a northern word. H. Carij. TILE§, tile. n.s'. [tiftle, Sax. ; tegel, Dutch ; tuile, Fr. ; tegola, Ital.] Thin plates of baked clay used to cover houses. Bacon. To TILE, tile. u. a. To cover with tiles. Bacon. To cover as tiles. Donne. TJ'LER, tl'-lur. 98. n. s. [tuilier, Fr/} One whose trade is to cover houses with tiles. Bacon. TFLING, tl'-lhig. 410. n. s. The roof covered with tiles. St. Luke, v. TILL, till. n. s. [tul, Pers.] A money-box in a shop; a tiller. Swift. TILL§, till. prep, [til, Sax.] To the time of. Cowley. To. Bp. Fisher. TILL now. To the present time. Milton. TILL then. To that time. Milton. TILL, till. conj. To the time when. Mllon. To the degree that. Bp. Taylor. To TILL, till. v. a. [fcihan, Sax.; teelen, Dutch.] To cultivate ; to husband : commonly used of the husbandry of the plough. Milton. To procure ; to prepare. W. Browne. [TLLABLE, uT-la-bl. 405. a. Arable ; fit for the plough. Carew. TFLLAGE, til'-lldje. 90. n.s. Husbandry; the act or practice of ploughing or culture. Bacon. Tl'LLER, til'-lur. 98. n.s. Husbandman; plough- man. Gen. iv. The rudder of a boat. The horse that goes in the thill : properly thiller. A till ; a small drawer. Dryden. A young timber-tree in a growing state : a technical word with woodmen. Evelyn. TI'LLYFALLY, til'-le-fal-le. ; ad. [a hunting TFLLYVALLEY, til'-le-val-le. \ phrase borrowed from the French, ly a hillaut et vallecy.] A word used formerly when any thing said was rejected as trifling or impertinent. Shakspeare. Tl'LMAN, til'-man. n.s. One who tills; a husband- man. Tusser. TILT§, tilt. n. s. [fcylb, Sax. ; tiald, Ice..] A tent ; any support of covering overhead. Denhum. The cover of a boat. Sandys. A military game at which the combatants run against each other with lances on horseback. Sluxk. A thrust Addison-, [tillen, Dutch.] Inclination forward : as, the ves- sel is a tilt, when it is inclined, that the liquor may run out. To TILT, tilt. v. a. To cover like a tilt of a boot. To point as in t.lts. Phillips, [tillen, Dutch.] To turn up so as to run out : as, The barrel is tilted , that is, leaned forward. To TILT, tilt. v. n. To run in tilts or tournaments. Milton. To fight with rapiers. Sluxk. To rush as in combat ; to strike as in combat. Browne. To play unsteadily. Milton. To fall on one side. Grew. TFLTER, tilt'-fir. 98. n. s. One who tilts; one who fights. Shakspeare. TILTH, tilth, n.s. [from till ; fcilS.Sax.] Husband- ry; culture; tillage; tilled ground; cultivated land. Shakspeare. TIMBER §, tim'-bur. 98. n. s. [nmbep, Sax.] Wood fit for building. Spenser. The main trunk of a tree. Shak. The main beams of a fabrick. Materials, ironically. Bacon. To TIMBER, tim'-bur. v. n. To light on a tree. L } Estrange. To Tl'MBER, tim'-bur. v. a. To furnish with beams or timber. Tl'MBERED, tim'-burd. 559. a. Built; formed; contri"°d. Shakspeare. TI'MBEl SOW, tim'-bur-sou. n. s. A worm in wood ; perhaps the wood louse. Bacon. TFMBRELy. nm'-bril. 99. n.s. [perhaps a corrup- tion of tambou.- , or tambourine.'] A kind of musical instrument played by pulsation. Spenser. TFMBRELLED*. tlm'-brlld. a. Sung to the sound of the timbrel. M'hon. TI'MBURINE*. n. s See Tambourine. TIME §, time, n.s. [tim, fcima, Sax. ; lima, Icel.; tijm, Erse ; limine, Swed.] The measure of dura- tion. Locke. Space of time. Dan. ii. Interval Bacon. Life, considered as employed, or destined to employment. Felt. Season ; proper time. Ec- clus. in. A considerable space of duration ; con- tinuance; process of time. Dryden. Age; part of duration distinct from other parts. Dan. vii. Past time. Shak. Early time. Bacon. Time, consid- ered as affording opportunity. Clarendon. Partic- ular quality of some part of duration. Sluxk. Par- ticular time. Numb. xxvi. Hour of childbirth. Clarendon. Repetition of any thing, or mention with reference to repetition. Milton. Mus'cai measure. Shakspeare. To TIME, time. v. a. To adapt to the time ; to bring or do at a proper time. Bacon. To regulate as t<"> time. Addison. To measure harmonicallv. Shah TFMEFUL, uW-ful. a. Seasonable ; timely ; ea, ly. Raleigh. TIMEKEEPER*, tlme'-ke-pur. > n.s. A watch 01 TFMEPIECE*, tlme'-pees. $ clock that keeps good lime. Ash. TFMELESS, tlme'-les a. Unseasonable ; done at an improper time. Pope. Untimely^; immature ; " efore Young. done before the proper time. Sluxk. Endless. TFMELESSLY*, tlme'-l&s-le. ad. Before the natu- ral time; unseasonably. Milton. TFMEL1NESS*, time'-le-nes. n. s. The state or circumstance of being- timely. Scott. TFMELY, time'-le. a. Seasonable; sufficiently early, Sluxk. Keeping measure, time, or tune. Spenser.. 930 TIN TIR — n6, m5ve, n5r, not ; — tube, tab, bull 5 — oil ; — pSfind ; — thin, this. TIMELY, tlme'-le. ad. Early; soon. Shakspeare. TI'MEPLEASER, lime'-ple-zar. n. s. One who complies with prevailing opinions, whatever they be. Shakspeare. TFMESERVER* tlme'-serv-ar. n. s. One who meanly complies with present power. Bp. Hall. TIMESERVING, tlme'-serv-ing. n.s. Mean com- pliance with present power. South. TI'MID $, tim'-ld. a. [timide, Fr. ; timidus, Lat.] Fearful; timorous; wanting courage; wanting boldness. Thomson. TIMIDITY, te-mid'-e-te. n. s. [limidite, Fr. ; timid- itas, Lat.] Fearfulness; timorousness ; habitual cowardice. Mirror for Magistrates. TI MIST*, tl'-mlst. n. s. One who complies with the times,- a timeserver. Overbury. TIMOROUS $, tlm'-fir-as. 314. a. [timor, Lat.] Fearful ; full of fear and scruple. Brown. TI 3IOROUSLY, tlm'-ar-us-le. ad. Fearfully; with much fear. Locke. TI'MOROUSNESS, tlm'-ar-us-nes. n.s. Fearful- ness. Burton. TFMOU3, tl'-mas. 314. a. Early; timely; not in- nate. Bacon. Ob. J. TIN $, tin. n. s. [ten, Dutch.] One of the primitive metals, called by the chymists Jupiter. Woodward. Thin plates of iron covered with tin. To TIN, tin. v. a. To cover with tin. Boyle. 17 NCAL, tln'-kal. n.s. A mineral. Woodward. To TINCT$, tlngkt. v. a. [tinctus, Lat. ; teint, Fr.] To stain; to colour; to spot; to dye. Bacon. To imbue with a taste. Bacon. TINCT* tlngkt. part. Coloured; stained. Spenser. TINCT, tlngkt. 408. n. s. Colour; stain; spot. Sink. TINCTURE, tlngk'-tslmre. 461. n. s. [teiniure, Fr. ; ti?ictura, La\.] Colour or taste superadded by some- thing. Wotton. Extract of some drug made in spirits. Boyle. To TFNCTURE, tingk'-tshure. v. a. To imbue or impregnate with some colour or taste. Blackmore. To imbue the mind. Atterbury. ToTINDS, find, v. a. [tandjan, M. Goth. ; taenda, Su. Goth. ; tenban, Sax.] To kindle ; to set on fire. Bp. Sanderson. TFNDER, tin'-dur. 98. n. s. [tynbpe, tenbpe, Sax.] Any thing eminently inflammable placed to catch fire. Sliaksveare. TFNDERBOX, tln'-d&r-boks. n. s. The box for holding tinder. Hudibras. ri'NDERLIKE*, tln'-dfir-llke. a. Inflammable as tinder. Sluxkspeare. TINE, tine. n. s. [tindr, Icel. ; tinbaj-, Sax.] The tooth of a harrow; the spike of a fork. Mortimer. Trouble ; distress. Spenser. To TINE, tine. v. a. [cynan, Sax. See To Tiff d.] To kindle ; to light ; to set on fire. Spenser, [ti- nan, Sax.] To shut ; to fence, or enclose. Coles. To TINE, tine. v. n. To rage ; to smart. Spenser. Ob. J. TI NEMAN*, or TFENMAN* tW-man. n. s. Of old, a petty officer in the forest, who had the noc- turnal care of vert and venison, and other servile emplovments. Cowel. To TING*, ting. v. n. [tinter, Fr.] To ring ; to sound as a bell. Cotgrave. TING*, ting. n. s. A sharp sound : as, the ting of a bell. Sherwood. To TINGE §, tlnje. v. a. [tingo, Lat.] To impreg- nate or imbue with a colour or taste. Addison. TI'NGENT, tln'-jent. a. [tingens, Lat.] Having the power to tinge. Boyle. TI'NGLASS, tln'-glas. n. s. [tin and glass.] Bis- muth. To TI'NGLE$, ting'-gl. 405. v. n. [tingelen, Dutch.] To feel a sound, or the continuance of a sound, in the ears. 1 Sam. iii. To feel a sharp, quick pain, with a sensation of motion. Pope. To feel either pain or pleasure with a sensation of motion. Tickell. TFNGLING* tlng'-gllng. n. s. A kind of pain or pleasure with a sensation of motion ; a noise in the ears, To TINK, tlngk. 408. v. n. [timiio, Lat. ; Hncixn, Welsh.] To make a sharp, shrill noise. TI'NKER, tlngk'-flr. n. s. [from tink. because their way of proclaiming their trade is to beat a kettle.] A mender of old brass. Shakspeare. To TFNKLE §, tingk'-kl. 405. v. n. [tincian, Welsh.] To make a sharp, quick noise ; to clink. B. Jonson. To hear a low, quick noise. Dryden. To TFNKLE*, tlngk'-kl. v. a. To cause to clink. Ray. TFNKLE*, tingk'-kl. n.s. Clink; a quick noise Mason. TFNKLING*, tingk'-lfag. n. s. A quick noise. Isaiali, iii., TFNMAJN, tln'-man. 88. ?i. s. A manufacturer of tin., or iron tinned over. Prior. TFNNER, tln'-nQr. 98. n.s. One who works in the tin mines. Baron. TFNNY, tln'-ne. a. Abounding with tin. Drayton. TFNPENNY, tW-pen-ne. n. s. A certain customary dutv anciently paid to the tithing men. Bailey. TFNSEM, tnV-sn\99. n. s. [eiincelle, Fr.] A kind of shining cloth. Fairfax. Any thing shining with false lustre; any thing showy and of little value. Dryden. TFNSEL* tln'-sll. a. Specious; showy; plausible; superficial. Beaumont and Fletcher. To TFNSEL, tln'-sll. v. a. To decorate with cheap ornaments ; to adorn with lustre that has no value. Cleaveland. TINT $, t?nt. n. s. \teinte, Fr. ; tinta, Ital.] A dye ; a colour. Pope. To TINT*, tint. v. a. To tinge ; to colour. Seward. TINTAMA'R*, tln-ta-mar 7 . n. s. [tintamarre, old Fr.] A confused noise ; a hideous outcry. Mason. TFN WORM, tin'-wQrm. n. s. An insect. TFNY, tl'-ne. a. [tint, tind, Dan.] Little; small* puny : a burlesque word. Slmkspeare. TIP §, tip. n. s. [tip, tipken, Dutch.] Top ; endj point ; extremity. Sidney. One part of the play at ninepins. Dryden. To TIP, tip. v. a. To top ; to end; to cover on the end. Sluxk. To give : a low, cant term. Dry dm. To strike lightly ; to tap. Swift. To TIP*, tip. v. n. With off: to fall off; to die : a vulgar phrase. TFPPET, rfp'-pft. 99. n. s. [tappet, Sax.] Some- thing worn about the neck. Bacon. To TFPPLE §. tlp'-pl. 405. v.n. [tepel, old Teut. ] To drink luxuriously; to waste life over the cup. Shakspeare. To TFPPLE, tlp'-pl. v. a. To drink in luxury or excess. Cleaveland. TFRPLE, tlp'-pl. n. s. Drink ; liquor. V Estrange. TI'PPLED, tip'-pPd. 359. a. Tipsy ; drunk. Dryden. TFPPLER, tip'-pl-ur. 98. n.s. A sottish drunkard ; an idle, drunken fellow. Harmar. TFPPLING-HOUSE*, tlp'-pl-lng-hSuse. n. s. A house in which liquors are sold; a publick-nouse. Beaumont and Fletcher. TFPSTAFF, tip'-staf. n. s. [tip and staff] An offi- cer with a staff tipped with metal. The staff itself so tipped. Bacon. TI'PSY, tip'-se. a. [from tipple.] Drunk ; overpow- ered with excess of drink. Shakspeare. TI'PTOE, tlp'-t6. n. s. The end of the toe. Spenser. TI'PTOP*, tip'-top. n. s. An expression, often used in common conversation, denoting the utmost de- gree, excellence, or perfection. Gray. TIRE, teer. n. s. [tiep, Sax.] Rank; row. Some- times written tier. Raleigh. Furniture; apparatus Phillips. [tlre.The iron for a wheel. Perry.] [cor rupted from tiar or tiara.] A head-dress. Spenser. §5= As this word, when it signifies a rank or row, is uni- versally pronounced like tear, a drop from the eye, it ought always to be written tier ; which would prevent a gross irregularity. This is the more to be wished, not only as its derivation from the old French Here seems to require this spelling, but to distinguish it from the word tire, a head-dress ; which, probably, being a corruption either of the word tiara, an ornament for the head, or of the English word attire, ought to be written and pronounced like the word tire, to fatigue 931 TIT TO Q~r 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met ; — pine, phi ; — Dr.Kenrick is the only orthoepist who has attended to this distinction. — See Bowl. W. To TIRE §, tire. v. a. [tipan, fcipian, Sax.] To fatigue ; to make weary ; to harass ; to wear out with labour or tediousness. Dryden. [from attire or tire, from tiara.~\ To dress the head. 2 Kings, ix. To TIRE, tire. v. n. [fceojuan, Sax.] To fail with weariness. Shakspeare. To TIRE*, tire. v. n. [tijian, Sax.] To feed or prev upon. Gower. TIREDNESS, tlr'd'-nes. n.s. State of being tired 5 weariless. Hakewill. TFRESOME, tlre'-s5m. 165. a. Wearisome; fa- tiguing' , tedious. Addison. TFRESt>MENESS, tW-s&m-nes. n. s. Act or qual- ity of being tiresome. TFREWOMAN, tlre'-wiim-on. 88. n. s. [tire and woman.'] A woman whose business is to make dresses for the head. Locke. Tl'RINGHOUSE, tl'-rmg-ho&se. )n. s. [tire and TFRINGROOM, d'-r?ng-rS6m. S house, or room.'] The room in which players dress for the stage. Shakspeare. TIB WIT, tSr'-wft. n. s. A bird. Ainsworth. TIS, tlz. Contracted for it is. Shakspeare. TFSICAL, tlz'-e-kal. 509. a. [for phthisical.] Con- sumptive. TFS1CK, tJz'-fk. n. s. [corrupted from phthisick.] Consumption ; morbid waste. TFSSUE §, tfsh'-ft. 452, n. s. [iissn, Fr. ; fclj-an, Norm. Sax.] Cloth interwoven with gold or silver, or figured colours. Milton. To Tl'SSUE, tfsh'-u. v. a. To interweave ; to varie- gate. Bacon. TIT §, t?t. n. s. [fit, Teut. little.] A small horse : gene- rally in contempt. Tusser. A woman : in con- tempt. Burton. — A titmouse or tomtit. A bird. TITBIT, tit'-blt. n. s. [properly tidbit ; Hd, tender, and bit.] Nice bit ; nice food. Arbuthnot. TFTHABLE, tiTH'-a-bl. a. Subject to the pay- ment of tithes; that of which tithes may be taken. Swift. TITHE §, tlTHe. 467. n. s. [fceSoa, Sax.] The tenth part ; the part assigned to the maintenance of the ministry. Bacon. The tenth part of any thing. Shak. Small part ; small portion. Bacon. To TITHE, tlTHe. v. a. [teoSian, Sax.] To tax ; to levy the tenth part. Deut. xxvi. To TITHE. tlTHe. v. n. To pay tithe. Tusser. ITTHEFRE'E*, tlTH'-fre. a. Exempt from pay- ment of tithe. Abp. Hort. ITTHER, tP-THQr. 98. n. s. One who gathers tithes. TFTHING, tl'-THmg. 410. n. s. [tiftin^, Sax.] Tithing is the number or company often men with their families knit together in a society, all of rhem being bound to the king for the peaceable and good behaviour of each of their society : of these companies there was one chief person, who, from his office, was called (toothingman) tithingman ; ! but now he is nothing but a constable. Cowel. Tithe ; tenth part due to the priest. Tusser. TITHINGMAN, tl'-THmg-man. n. s. A petty peace- officer ; an under-constable. Spenser. TFTHYMAL, th-H'-e-mal. n. s. [lithymallus, Lat.] An herb. Sherwood. To TITILLATE §, uY-til-late. v. n. [tilillo, Lat.] To tickle. Pope. TITILLATION, tll-til-la'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; titillatio, Lat.] The ac' if tickling. Bacon. The state of being tickled. Arbuthnot. Any slight or petty pleas- ure. GlanvUle, ri'TLARK, trt'-lark. n. s. A bird. See Tit, and Titmouse. Walton. TITLED, tV-tl 105. n. s. [fcifeul, Sax. ; iitelle, old Fr. ; iitulus, Lat.] A general head comprising par- ticulars. Bacon. An appellation of honour. Shak. A name ; an appellation. Shak. The first page of a book, telling its name, and generally its subject ; an inscription. Shak. A claim of right. Hooker. To TITLE, tl'-tl. v. a. To entitle ; to name; to call. Milton. TITLELESS, tl'-tl-les. a. Wanting a name or ar> pellation. Chaucer. TITLEPAGE, ti'-tl-padie. n.s. Tho pa£fi contain- ing the title of a book. Dryden. TFTMOUSE, uY-m6use. ) n. s. [tijt, Dutch.] A TIT, tit. \ small bird. Spenser. 3T* TITTER $, tit'-tftr. 98. v. n. [teilr, Icel.] To laugh with restraint; to laugh without much noise Pope. TITTER. tlt'-tur. n. s. A restrained laugh. Nevile TITTLE, til'-tl. 405. n. s. [tuttel, Germ.] A small particle ; a point ; a dot. Clarendon. TITTLETATTLE, llt'-tl-tal'-tl. n. s. [formed from tattle by reduplication.] Idle talk; prattle; empty gabble. Prior. An idle talker. Tatler. To TITTLETATTLE, tft'-tl-tat'-tl. v.n. Tc prate idly. Shakspeare. TITTLETATTLING, tit'-tl-tat'-tllng. n. s. The act of prating- idlv. Sidney. To TITUBATE*, uV-tshu-bafe. v. n. [titubo, Lat.] To stumble. Cockeram. TITUBATION, tlt-tshu-ha'-shun. n. s. The act of stumbling. TITULAR §, tlt'-tshu-lur. 88. a. [titulaire, Fr. ; from titulus, Lat.] Nominal ; having or conferring only the title. Bacon. TITULA'RITY. tit-tshu-lar'-e-te. n.s. The state of being titular. Brown. T1TULARLY* uV-lshu-lar-le. ad. Nominally ; by title only. Mountain. TITULARY, tV-tshu-la-re. a. Consisting in a title. Bacon. Relating to a title. Bacon. TITULARY, m'-tshu-la-re. n. s. One that has a title or right. Ayliffe. TI'VY, tiv'-e. n. s. A word expressing speed, from tantivy, the note of a hunting-horn. Dryden. TO §, 166. ad. [zo, Sax. ; te, Dutch.] A particle com- ing between two verbs, and noting the second as the object of the first : as, I love to read. Smal- ridge. It notes the intention : as, She raised a war to call me back. Dryden. After an adjective, it notes its object : as, ready to try. Shak. Noting futurity : as, We are still to seek. Bentley. — To and again. To and fro. Backward and forward Fairfax. 0^5= What has been observed of the word the, respecting the length of the e before a vowel, and its shortness before a consonant, is perfectly applicable to the prepo- sition, and the adverb to. This will be palpable in the pronunciation of the verbs to begin and to end, and in the phrases, I went to London, he went to Eton. It may be observed too, that this word, though deprived of its to the eye, always preserves it to the ear. Wheth*- er we see it elided, as in Pope's Essay on Man, — " Say what the use were finer opticks giv'n, " T' inspect a mite, not comprehend the heav'n.— " or preserved with an apostrophe after it, as in Milton. — " For still they knew, and ought to' have still remember'd " The high injunction not to taste that fruit, " Whoever tempted, — " in both these instances the word to ought to be pro- nounced in exactly the same manner ; that is, like the number two. W. TO. too. preposition. Noting motion towards ; op posed to from. Sidney. Noting accord or adapta tion : as, moved on to soft pipes. Milton. Noting address or compilation : as, Here's to you all, Denham. Noting attention or application. Dryden. Noting addition or accumulation : as, Wisdom b« has, alid to his wisdom courage. Denham. Noting a state or place whither any one goes : as, away to horse. Shak. Noting opposition : as, foot to foot. Dryden. Noting amount : as, to the number of three hundred. Bacon. Noting proportion : as, three to nine. Hooker. Noting possession or ap- propriation : as, He has it to himself. Felton. No- ting perception : as, sharp to the taste. Dryden Noting the subject of an affirmation : as, oath to the contrary. Shak. In comparison of : as, There is no fool to the sinner. Tillotsoii. As far as. Locke Noting intention. B. Jonson. After an adjective, it notes the object : as, attentive to the godlike man J 932 tog tol — 116, mSve, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — thin, THis. Dryden. Noting- obligation : as, duty to God. Ho- lyday. Respecting. Shak. Noting- extent. Ham- mom. Towards. Dryden. Noting presence. Swift. Noting effect; noting consequence. Baron. After a verb, to notes the object : as, directed to their right end. Locke. Noting the degree : as, to the height of four inches. Boyle. Before day, to note the present day ; before morrow, the day next coming; before night, either the present night, or night next coming. Shak. — To-day, to-night, to-morrow, are used, not very properly, as substantives in the nom- inative and other cases. Shakspeare. TOADS, t6de. 295. n. s. [fcabe, Sax.] A paddock; an animal resembling a frog; but the frog leaps, the toad crawls : the toad is accounted venomous, perhaps without reason. Shakspeare. TOADEATER*, tode'-e-lur. n. s. A contemptu- ous term of modern times for a fawning parasite, a servile sycophant. Sir C. Hanbury Williams. TO ADF1SH, tode'-f?sh. re. s. A kind of sea-fish. TO'ADFLAX, tode'-flaks. n. s. A plant. TO'ADISH*, t6de'-lsh. a. Venomous; like a toad. Stafford. TO ADSTONE, l6de'-st6ne. n. s. A concretion sup- posed to be found in the head of a toad. Broicn. TO'ADSTOOL, tode'-st66l. n. s. A plant like a mushroom. Spenser. To TOAST §, toste. 295. v. a. [toste, old Fr. ; torreo, tostum, Lat.] To dry or heat at the fire. Bacon. To name when a health is drunk. Addison. To TOAST, toste. v. n. To give a toast or health to be drunk. Burke. TOAST, t6ste. n.s. Bread dried before the fire. Sliafc. Bread dried and put into liquor. A cele- brated woman, whose health is often drunk : this was at first the meaning; but it is now applied to publick characters, or private friends, whose health we propose to drink. Taller. TOASTER, t6st / -ur. 98. n. s. One who toasts. Prior. TOBA'CCO §, to-bak'-ko. n.s. [from Tobaco, or To- bago, in America.] A plant, the leaves of which are used in smoking, and for the manufacture of snuff*. Miller. Locke. TOBA'CCONING*, t6-bak'-k6-n?ng. a. Smoking tobacco. Bp. Hall. TOBACCONIST, to-bak'-ko-n'rst. n. s. A preparer and vender of tobacco. B. Jonson. TOCSIN*, tok'-sln. n.s. [tocsein, old Fr.] An alarm- bell. Fullce. TOD §, tod. n. s. [toite, Germ, and Swed.l A bush ; a thick shrub. Spenser. A certain weight of woo!, twenty-eight pounds. Sliak. A fox. B. Jonson. To TOD*, t6d. v. n. To weigh ; to produce a tod. Shaksjieare. To TO'DDLE* tod'-dl. v. n. To saunter about : it implies feebleness, quasi tottle. Pegge. TO'DDY*, tod'-de. n.s. A tree in the East Indies. Sir T. Herbert. Liquor extracted from the tree. Sir T. Herbert. In low language, a kind of punch, or mixture of spirits and water. TOE, td. 296. n. s. [ta, Sax.; teen, Dutch.] The di- vided extremities of the feet; the fingers of the feet. Shakspeare. TOFO'RE, t6-f6re / . ad. [fcopopan, Sax.] Before. Sh'ikspieare. Ob. J. TQFO'RE*, to-f6re / . prep, [topop, Sax.] Before. Spectator. Ob. T. TOFT, t&ft. n.s. [to/turn, low Lat.; topt, Su. Goth.; toft, Dan. et Scano-Goth.] A place where a mes- suage has stood. Cowel. rOTUS*. See Tophus. TO'GATED*, t6'-ga-ted. a. [togatus, Lat.] Gown- ed ; toged. Sir M. Sandys. TO'GED, uV-ged. 381. a. [togatus, Lat.] Gowned; dressed in gowns. SJmkspeare. VJGE'THER, to-geTH'-ur. 381. ad. [to^ae^ep, Sax.] In company. Shak. Not apart ; not in sep- aration. Bacon. In the same place. Davies. In the same time. Dryden. Without intermission. Dryden. In concert. Addison. In continuity. Milton. — Together with. In union with j in a state of mixture with, Dryden. 61 To T01h§, toll. 299. v.n, [cilian, Sax.; tuylen, Dutch.] To labour; perhaps, originally, to labour in tillage. Shakspeare. To TOIL, toil. v.a. To labour; to work at. Milton. To weary ; to overlabour. Shakspeare. TOIL, 10. n.s. Labour; fatigue. Hooker, [toile, toiles, Fr. ; tela, Lat.] Any net or snare woven or meshed. Shakspeare. TOTLER*, tdil'-fir. n.s. One who toils; one who wearies himself. Sherwood. TO'ILET, l6il'-et. n. s. [toilette, Fr.] A dressing-ta- ble. Pope. TOILFUL* tofl'-ful. a. [toil and full.] Laborious ■ full of employment. Florio. Wearisome. Smollet. TOILSOME, tSil'-sum. a. Laborious ; weary. Mv- ton. TO'lLSOMENESS, t6il'-sum-nes. n.s. Wearsome- ness; laboriousness. TOKA' Y*, to-ka'. re. s. [from Tokay, in Hungary.] A kind of wine. Townson. TO'KEN§, to'-kn. 103. n. s. [taikns, Goth. ; Caen, Sax. ; teycken, Dutch.] A sign. Ps. Ixxxvi. A mark. Heyiin. A memorial of friendship ; an evidence of remembrance. Shak. A piece of money current by sufferance, not coined by authority : formerly of very small value : in modern times, for the con- venience of change, of higher. B. Jonson. To TO'KEN, to'-kn. v. a. To make known. Shak- speare. Ob. J. TOKENED*, t6Mcnd. a. Having marks or spots Shakspeare. TOLD, told. pret. and part. pass, of tell. Mentioned ; related. Milton. To TOLE, t6le. v.a. See Toll. To train; to draw by degrees ; to decoy. Fulke. TOLE'DO* ui-te'-do. n.s. [from 7 Wo, in Spain.] A sword of the finest Toledo temper. B. Jonson. TOLERABLE $, tol'-fir-a-b). 88. a. [Fr. ; tolerabilis, Lat.] Supportable ; that may be endured or sup- ported. Hooker. Not excellent ; not contemptible , passable. Dryden. TO'LERABLENESS, tol'-ur-a-bl-nes. n.s. The state of being tolerable. TQ'LERABLY, t&F-ur-a-ble. ad. Supportably ; in a manner that may be endured. Hammond. Passa bly ; neither well nor ill ; moderately well. Wood- ward. TO'LERANCE, tol'-Or-anse. 557. n. s. [Fr.] Power of enduring ; act of enduring. Bacon. TOLERANT*, toF ur-ant. a. [tolerans, Lat.] Fa- vourable to toleration. Professor White. To TOLERATE, tol'-ur-ate. 555. v. a. [tolero, Lat. ; tolerer, Fr.] To allow so as not to hinder ; to suf- fer ; to pass uncensured. Hooker. TOLERA'TION, tol-ur-a'-shun. n. s. Allowance given to that which is not approved. South. TOLL §, t6le. 406. n. s. [from tell, adnumerare, as dole from deal.] An excise of goods ; a seizure of some part for permission of the rest. Cowel. The sound made by the bell being tolled. H. Tooke. To TOLL, tole. v. n. To pay toll or tallage. ShaL To take toll or tallage. Tusser. To sound as a single bell. Shakspeare. To TOLL, t6!e. v.a. To make a bell sound with solemn pauses. Stilling feet. To call by sound Dryden. To notify by sound. Beattie. To take toll of; to collect. Sliak. — [tol.] To take away ; to vacate ; to annul : a term only used in the civil law : in this sense the o is short, in the former long. Ay- life. To take away, or perhaps to invite. See To Tole. Bacon. TO'LLBOOTH, t6l'-b6oTH. re. 5. [toll ?nd booth.] A prison : properly a custom-house; an exchange. Wiclife. To TO'LLBOOTH, t6l'-b5oTH. v.a. To imprisor. in a tollbooth. Bp. Corbett. TO'LLDISH*, t6l / -dish. n.s. [toll and dish.] A ves sel by which the toll of corn for grinding is measur ed. Beaumont and Fletcher. TO'LLER*, t6'-lur. n. s. One who collects tribute 01 taxes ; a toll-gatherer. Barret. One who tvlls a bell. 933 TON TOP [EF559- -Fke, far, fall, fat; — me, m&t;- -plne p?n;— WLLGATHERER, t61e'-gaTH-ur-ur. n.s. The officer that takes toll. Wirtiffe. TO'LSEY, tol'-ze. 438. n. s. The same with tollbooth. Diet. TOLUTA'TION, t&l-u-ta'-shfin. n.s. [toluto, Lat.] The act of pacing - or ambling. Brown. TOMB$, t56m. 164, 347. n. s. [tombe, tombeau, Fr. ; tumba, low Lat] A monument in which the dead are enclosed. Sliakspeare. To TOMB, tdom. 347. v.a. To bury; to entomb. May. TO'MBLESS, toom'-les. a. Wanting a tomb ; want- ing a sepulchral monument. Slm/cspeare. TOMBOY, t&m'-boe. *.*. [Tom, a diminutive of Tlwmas, and boy. J A mean fellow ; sometimes a wild, coarse girl. Sliakspeare. TOMBSTONE*, taSm'-stfoie. n.s. A stone laid over the dead ; a stone placed in memory of the dead. Prior. TOME, time. n. s. [Fr. ; rofibs, Gr.] One volume of many. A book. Hooker. TOMTFT, tom-tlt'. n. s. A titmouse ; a small bird. Spectator. TON, ) i ( in the names of places, are derived TUN, \ ' ( from the Saxon tun, a hedge or wall, and this seems to be from bun, a hill, the towns be- ing anciently built on hills for the sake of defence and protection in times of war. Gibson. TON, tun. 1G5. n. s. [tonne, Fr. See Tun.] A meas- ure or weight. Bacon. TONE§, tone. n.s. [ton, Fr.; tonus, Lat.] Note; sound. Bacon. Accent ; sound of the voice. Dry- den. A whine; a mournful cry. Hudibras. A particular or affected sound in speaking. Elasti- city ; power of extension and contraction. Arbuth- not. To TONE*, tone. v. a. To utter in an affected tone. South. TONED*, t6nd. a. Having tone. Young. PONG, tung. 165,406. n.s. See Tongs. The catch of a buckle, usually written tongue. Spenser. TONGS, tongz. n.s. [tan£, Sax. ; tang, Dutch.] An instrument by which hold is taken of any thing ; as of coals in the fire. Spenser. TONGUE §, tung. 165, 337. n. s. [tun£, Sax. ; tonglie, Dutch.] The instrument of speech in human beings. Shak. The organ by which animals lick. Milton. Speech ; fluency of words. Chapman. Power of articulate utterance. Dry den. Speech, as well or ill used. Shak. A language. Deut. xxvii. Speech, as opposed to thoughts or action. 1 JoJin, iii. A nation, distinguished by their Ian- R age : a Scriptural Rev. v. A bay. [tang, 5wed.] Isa. xi. A small point : as, the tongue of a balance. — To hold the tongue. To be silent. Dnfden. To TONGUE, tung. 337. v.a. To chide ; to scold. Sliakspeare. To TONGUE, tung. v. n. To talk ; to prate. Shak. TONGUED, tungd. 359. a. Having a tongue. Donne. TONGUE LESS, tSng'-les. a. Wanting a tongue ; speechless. Sliakspeare. Unnamed ; not spoken of. Sliakspeare. rO'NGUEPAD, tung'-pad. n.s. [tongue and pad.] A great talker. Taller. To TO'NGUETIE*, tung'-tl. v. a. [tongue and tie.] To render unable to speak. Goodman. TO'NGUETIED, tung' -tide. 282. a. Having an im- pediment of speech. Holder. Unable to speak freely, from whatever cause. Sliakspeare. TO'NfCAL, ton'-ik-al. ; a. [tonique, Fr. ; te(vo>. Gr.] TO NICK, ton'-Ik. 509. $ Being extended ; being elastick. Brown. Relating to tones or sounds. Mason. TO'NICKS*, ton'-lks. n. s. Medicines to strengthen the tone. TONNAGE, tun'-nldje. 90, 165. n. s. [from ton.] A custom or impost due for merchandise brought or carried in tons from or to other nations, after a cer- tain rate in every ton. Cowel. TONSIL, ton'-sfl. n. s. [tonsilk, Fr. ; tonsillce, Lat.] Tonsils, or almonds, are two round glands placed on the sides of the basis of the tongue, under the common membrane of the fauces, with which they are covered. Quincy TONS1LE*, t&n'-sil. a. [tonsilis, Lat.] That may be clipped. Mason. TONSURE, t&n'-sbure. 452. n. s. [Fr. ; tonsura, Lat.] The act of clipping the hair; the state of be ing shorn. Addison. TONTFNE*, ton-teen', n. s. [from Tonti, an Italian, who is said to have first formed the scheme of life annuities.] Annuity on survivorship. Chambers. TO'NY*, t6'-ne. n. s. A simpleton : a ludicrous word Dryden. TOO, t66. 10. ad. [to, Sax.] Over and above; over- much ; more than enough. Cowley. Likewise ; also. Shakspeare. TOOK, t66k. [t&k, Jones.] The preterit, and some times the participle passive of take. Shakspeare. TOOL, t66l. 306. n. s. [tol, tool, Sax.] Any instru- ment of manual operation. Bacon. A hireling ; a wretch who acts at the command of another. Swift TOOM*, i66m. a. [lorn-, Dan. and Swed.] Empty i a northern word. Wicliffe. To TOOT §, t66t. v. n. [cotian, Sax.] To pry ; to peep ; to search narrowly and slyly ; to look about. Abp. Cranmer. To sound ; to make a noise. Bp. Hall. To stand out ; to be prominent. Howell. To TOOT*, t6dt. v. a. To look into ; to see. Pierce PI. Crede. To sound. W. Browne. TO^OTER*, tSot'-fir. n.s. One who plays upon a pipe or horn. B. Jonson. TOOTH §, io5<7i. 467. n. s. plural teeth, [tunthus, M. Goth. ; toe?, Sax.] The teeth are the hardest and smoothest bones of the body : about the seventh or eighth month they begin to pierce the edge of the jaw : about the seventh year they are thrust out by new teeth, and if these teeth be lost they never grow again ; but some have shed their teeth twice : about IbTe one-and-twentieth year the two last of the mo- lares spring up, and they are called denies sapien* tice. Quincy. Taste; palate. Dryden. A tine, prong, or blade, of any multifidous instrument. 1 Sam. ii. The prominent part of wheels, b3' which they catch upon correspondent parts of other bodies. Moxon. — Tooth and nail. With one's utmost vio- lence ; with every means of attack or defence. Bale. To the teeth. In open opposition. Shak. To cast in the teeth. To insult by open exprobration. Hook- er. In spite of the teeth. Notwithstanding threats expressed by showing teeth ; notwithstanding any power of injury or defence. Sliak. To sheio the teeth. To threaten. Young. To TOOTH, Mth. 306. v.a. To furnish with teeth ; to indent. Dryden. To lock in each other. Moxon. TOOTHACHE, Mlh'-kke. 355 *.s. [tooth and ache.] Pain in the teeth. Shakspeare. TO'OTHDRAWER, tootfi'-draw-ur. n. s. [tooth and draw.] One whose business is to extract pain- ful teeth. Cleaveland. TOOTHED, t65^'t. 359, 467. a. Having teeth. Prompt. Pain. Sharp like a tooth. Shakspeare. TOOTHFUL* tofo/i'-ful. a. [tooth and full.] Toothsome. Massinger. TOOTHLESS, Mth'Ate. a. [too1ea r , Sax.] Wanting teelh ; deprived of teeth. Dryden. TOOTHPICK, tofo/i'-plk. ) n. s. [tooth and TO'OTHPICKER, tofo/i'-plk-fir. $ pick.} An in strument by which the teeth are cleansed from any thing sticking between them. Shakspeare. TO'OTHSOME, Mth'-s&m. 165. a. Palatable; pleasing to the taste. Carew. TO'OTRSOMENESS, tOu).~\ One who writes descriptions of particular places. Howell. TOPOGRAPHICAL*, top-6-graf-e-kal. ) a. De- TOPOGRA'PHICK*, t6p-6-graf-lk. $ scribing particular places. Howell. TOPOGRAPHY $, t6- P 6g'-graf-e. 518. n. s. [topo- graphie, Fr. ; t6itos and ypd&uy, Gr.] Description of particular places. Glanvilte. TOTPING, uV-plng. 410. a. Fine ; noble; gallant : a low word. Taller. TOTPINGLY, t6p'-pmg-le. a. Fine; gay; gallant; showy. Tusser. Ob. J. TO'PPINGLY, top'-pfng-le. ad. Splendidly ; nobly : a low word. To TO'PPLE§, top'-pl. 405. v. n. To fall forward; to tumble down. Shakspeare. To TOPPLE*, tdp'-pl. v. a. To throw down. Shaft. TOP-PROUD, t6p / -pr6ud. a. Proud in the highest degree. Shakspeare. TOPSAIL, tdp'-sale. n.s. The highest sail. Knolles TOPSYTU'RYY, tdp'-se-tfir'-vd. ad With the bot torn upwards. Spenser. TOR, tor. n. s. [top, Sax.] A tower; a turret. Ray. A high pointed rock or hill, whence tor in the initial syllable of some local names. Cotton. TORCH $, tortsh. 352. n. s. [torche, Fr. ; torcia, Ital. ; intortium, low Lat.] A wax light generally sup- posed to be bigger than a candle. Sidney. TO'RCHBEARER, tdrtsh'-ba-rur. n. s. One whose office is to carry a torch. Sidney. TO'RCHER, _t6rtsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One that gives light. Shakspeare. TO'RCHLIGHT, t&rtsh'-llte. n. s. Light kindled ic supply the want of the sun. Bacon. TORCHWORT*, tdrtsh'-wurt. n. s. The name of a plant. More. TORE, tore, preterit, and sometimes participle pass of tear. Spenser. TORE, tire. n. s. [probably from tear.] The dead kind of grass that remains on the ground in winter. Mortimer. To TORME'NT, tor-ment'. v. a. [tourmenier, Fr.] To put to pain ; to harass with anguish ; to excru- ciate. Shak. To tease ; to vex with importunity. [tormente, Fr. ; tormentare, ltal.] To put into great agitation. Bryskett. TO'RMENT §, tdr'-m&nt. 492. n. s. [tourment, Fr.] Any thing that gives pain, as disease. St. Matthev). Pain ; misery ; anguish. Milton. Penal anguish ; torture. Sandys, [iormentum, Lat.] An engine of war to cast stones or darts. Sir T. FJijot. TORME'NTER*, > ., , ., ftr 5 166. n. s. One TORME'NTOR, \ t Ar-m6nt'-fir. j who torments; one who gives pain. Sidney. One who inflicts penal tortures. Sandi/s. TO RMENTIL, tor-mgn'-til. n. s. [tormenlille, Fr. ; tormentilla, Lat.] A plant. Miller. TORN, t6rn. part. pass, of tear. Exod. xxii. TORNA'DO, tor-na'-do. [See Lumbago.] n. s. [Span.] A hurricane ; a whirlwind. Garth. TORPE'DO, tor-pe'-do. [See Drama, Flamen, and Phalanx.] n. s. [Lat.] A fish which, while alive, if even touched with a long stick, benumbs the hand that so touches it, but when dead is eaten safely. Sir T. Herbert. TO'RPENT, tdr'-pgnt. a. [torpens, Lat.] Benumbed; struck motionless; not active; incapable of motion. More. TORPE'SCENT*, tSr-pes'-sent. a. [torpescens, Lat.] Becoming torpid. Shenstone. TO'RPHH, tor'-pld. a. [torpidus, Lat.] Numbed; motionless ; sluggish ; not active. Ray. TORPIDITY*, tdr-pld'-e-te. n. s. Torpor; state of being torpid. Daines Bariington. TORP1DNESS, t&r'-pld-nes.^n. s. The state of be- ing - torpid. Hale. TO'RPITUDE, tor'-pe-tude. n. s. State of being motionless ; numbness ; sluggishness. Derham. TORPOR, tfir'-pdr. 166. n. s. [Lat.] Dulness ; numbness ; inability to move ; dulness of sensa- tion. Bacon. TORREFA'CTION, t6r-re-fak;-shun. n. s. [Fr ; torrefacio, Lat.] The act of drying by the fire. Bp. Hall. To TO'RREFY, t6r / -re-fl. 183. v. a. [lorrejer, Fr. ; torrefacio, Lat.] To dry by the fire. Brown. TO'RRENT^tor'-rent. n.s. [Fr.; torrens, Lat.J A sudden stream raised by showers. Sandys. A vio- lent and rapid stream ; tumultuous current. Ra leigh. TO'RRENT, tor'-rent. a. [torrens, Lat.] Ro.hng in a rapid stream. Milton. TORRID, tor'-rfd. 168. a. [torride, Fr.; torndus, Lat.] Parched ; dried with heat. Harvey. Burning, violently hot. Milton. It is particularly applied to the regions or zone between the tropicks. Dryden. TORSE, tSrs. n. s. A wreath. TO'RSEL, tdr'-sfl. 99. n. s. [torse, Fr.] Anything in a twisted form. Moxon. 935 TOT TOU ICF 559.— File, far, fall, fat j— me, mgt ;— pine, pm ;— TO'RSION, tcV-sh&n. n.s. [iorsio, Lai.] The act' of turning- or twisting. TORT, tort. n. s. [Fr.; tortum, low Lat.] Mischief; injury ; calamity. Spenser. TORTILE, tdr'-lil. 140. a. {tortilis, Lat.] Twisted 5 wreathed. TORTION, tSr'-shun. n.s. [tortus, Lat.] Torment 3 Sain. Bacon. 'RTIOUS, tSr'-shus. a. Injurious ; doing wrong. Spenser. TO'RTIVE, tdr'-tiv. 158. a. [tortus, Lat.] Twisted} wreathed. Shakspeare. TO'RTOISE, t6r'-t?z. 301. [ or'-tls, Jones, Fulton and KnigJit.] n. s. [tortue, Fr.] An animal covered with a hard shell : there are tortoises both of land and water. Ray. A form into which the ancient soldiers used to throw their troops, by bending down and holding 1 heir bucklers above their heads so that no darts could hurt them. Dry den. TORTUOSITY, uSr-tshiVos'-e-te. n.s. Wreath ; flex- ure. Brown. Crookedness ; depravity. Granger. TORTUOUS}, uV-tshu-iis. 463. a. [tortueux, Fr.: from tortuosus, tortus, Lat.] Twisted ; wreathed; winding. Milton. Mischievous. Lodge. TORTURE §, idr'-tshure. 461. n. s. [Fr. ; tortura, Lat.] Torments judicially inflicted ; pain by which fuilt is punished, or confession extorted. Dry den. ain; anguish; pang. Shakspeare. To TORTURE, lor'-tshure. v. a. To punish with tortures. Shak. To vex ; to excruciate ; to tor- ment. Addison. To keep on the stretch. Bacon. TORTURER, tcV-tsh-V&r. 557. n. s. He who tor- tures; tormenter. Bacon. TO'RTURINGLY*, tor'-tshur-fng-le. ad. So as to torment or punish. Beaumont and Fletcher. TORTUROUS*, tdr'-tshur-us. a. Tormenting 5 oc- casioning torture. More. TO'RVITY, t6r'-ve-te. n.s. [torvitas, Lat.] Sour- ness; severity of countenance. Cockeram. Ob. J. TO'RVOUS, tSr'-vus. 314. a. [torvus, Lat.] Sour of aspect ; stern ; severe of countenance. Derham. Ob. J. TO'RY§, to'-re. n.s. [a cant term, derived from an Irish word signifying a savage or robber.] One who adheres to the ancient constitution of the slate, and the apostolical hierarchy of the church of Eng- land : opposed to a wh.ig: Addison. TORYISM*, t6'-re-2zm. n. s. The notions of a tory. Bolingbroke. To TOSE, 16-ze. v. n. [cf the same original with tease.] To comb wool. To TOSS §, tos. v. a. [tassen, Dutch ; tasser, Fr.] Pret. tossed or tost ; part. pass, tossed or tost. To throw with the hand, as a ball at play. Dryden. To throw with violence. Shak. To lift with a sudden and violent motion. Dryden. To agitate; to put into violent motion. Prov. xxi. To make restless; to disquiet. Spenser. To keep in play; to tumble over. Ascham. To TOSS, t6s. v. n. To fling; to winch; to be in violent commotion. Harvey. To be tossed. Shak. — To toss up. To throw a coin into the air, and wager on what side it shall fall. Bramston. TOSS, tos. n. s. The act of tossing. Addison. An affected manner of raising the head. Dryden. TO'SSEL. n. s. See Tassel. Mortimer. TO'SSER, tos'-sur. 98. n. s. One who throws; one who flings and writhes. Whoever or whatever agitates. Beaumont and Fletcher. TO'SSING*, tfts'-sfng. n. s. Violent commotion. Job, vii. TO'SSPOT, t&s'-p&t. n. s. [toss and pot.] A toper and drunkard. Shakspeare. TOST, lost. 360, 367. pret. and part. pass, of toss. Milton. TOTAL $, to'-tal. 88. a. [totus, Lat. ; total, Fr.] Whole; complete; full. MUion. Whole; not di- vided. Milton. TOTA'LITY, t6-tal / -e-te. n. s. [totalUe, Fr.] Com- plete sum ; whole quantity. Bacon. TOTALLY, t6'-tal-e. ad. Wholly; fully; complete Iv. Bacon. TOT ALNESS*, uV-tal-nes. n. s. Entireness. To TOTE*. See To Toot. T'O'THER, t&TH'-&r. Contracted for theother. Far- nab y. Z 1 ,? TOTTER$, t&t'-tfir. 98. v.n. [louteren, Teut.j titlra, leek] To shake so as to threaten a fall ; to stagger. Ps. Ixii. TOTTERY, t&t'-tur-e. ) a. Shaking; unsteady, TO'TTY, tot'-te. $ dizzy. Spenser. Low words. To TOUCH $, tutsh. 314. v. a. [toucher, Fr. ; from the M. Goth. tekanJ] To perceive by the sense of feel- ing. Creech. To handle slightly, without effort or violence. Brown. To reach with any thing, so as that there be no space between the thing reached and the thing brought to it. Judg. xvi. To come to ; to attain. Pope. To try, as gold with a stone. Shak. To relate to. Hooker. To meddle with 3 not totally to forbear. Spenser. To affect. Milton. To move ; to strike mentally ; to melt. Congreve, To delineate or mark out. Pope. To censure; to animadvert upon. Hayward. To infect; to seize slightly. Bacon. To bite; to wear; to have an effect on. Moxon. To strike a musical instru- ment. Milton. To influence by impulse ; to impel forcibly. Milton. To treat of perfunctorily. Mil- ion. — To touch up. To repair, or improve by slight strokes, or little emendations. Addison. To TOUCH, tutsh. v. n. To be in a state ofjunction so that no space is between them. To fasten on ; to take effect on. Bacon. — To touch at. To come to without stay. Acts, xxvii. To touch on. To mention slightly. Locke. To touch on or upon. To go for a very short time. Abbot. To light upon in mental inquiries. Addison. TOUCH, tutsh. n. s. Reach of any thing so that there is no space between the things reaching and reached. Milton. The sense of feeling. Shak. The act of touching. Sidney. State of being touched. Shak. Examination, as by a stone. A common kind of black marble, frequently made use of in ornaments, was formerly called touch. From its solidity and firmness it was also used as the lest of gold; and from this use of it the name itself was taken. Shak. Test; that by which any thing is examined. Ca- rew. Proof; tried qualities. Shak. [louche, Fr.] Single act of a pencil upon the picture. Shak. Feature; lineament. Dryden. Act of the hand upon a musical instrument. Shak. Power of ex- citing the affections. Sheik. Something of passion or affection. Hooker. Particular relation. Bacon, [touche, Fr.] A stroke. Addison. Animadversion 5 censure. Milton. Exact performance of agree- ment. Tusser. A small quantity intermingled. Holder. A hint; slight notice given. Bacon. A cant word for a slight essay. Sicifl. TOUCHABLE, t&tsh'-a-bl. 405. a. Tangible; thai may be touched. TOUCH-HOLE, tutsh'-hole. n.s. The hole through which the fire is conveyed to the powder in the gun. Bacon. TOUCHINESS, tfttsh'-e-nes. n. s. Peevishness; irascibility. King Charles. TOUCHING, ttttsh'-jiig. 410. prep, [originally a participle of touch.] With respect, regard, or rela tion to. Hooker. TOUCHING, tutsh'-Ing. a. Pathetick; affecting; moving. TOUCHINGLY, tutsh'-lng-le. ad. With feeling emotion ; in a pathetick manner. Garth. TO'UCHMENOT, tutsh'-me-not. n. s. An herb. Ainsivorth. TO'UCHSTONE, tfitsh / -st6ne. n. s. [pierre de touche, Fr.] Stone by which mela-ls are examined. Bacon. Any test or criterion. Hooker. TO'UCHWOOD, t&tsh'-wfid. n. s. Rotten wood used to catch the fire struck from the flint. Howell. TO'UCHY, tfttsh'-e. a. Peevish ; irritable ; irascible; apt to take fire. Beaumont and Fletcher. TOUGHS, tfif. 314, 3S1. a. [coh, Sax.] Yielding to flexure or extension without fracture; not brittle Bacon. Stiff; not easily flexible. Dryden. Not 936 TOW TOW -116, move, n6r, n6t 5 — ti'ibe, tab, bfill ', — oil ; — poftfid ;— th\n, THis. easily injured or broken. Sltak. Viscous; clam- my; ropy ; tenacious. Difficult: this is an ancient usage of the word, and is still a colloquial one : as, a tough piece of business. Chancer. To TOUGHEN, tuf-fn. 103. v. n. To grow tough. Mortimer. To TOUGHEN, tuf-fn. v. a. To make tough. TOUGHNESS, tttf-nSs. n. s. [tohne rr e, Sax.] Not brittleness ; flexibility. Bacon. Viscosity; te- nacity ; clamminess ; glutinousness. Arbuthnot. Firmness against injury. Shakspeare. TOUPE'E*,lM-pte'. >[t66-pee'. Sheridan, TOUPET, too-pet'. 315.$ Perry, Jones, Ful- ton and Knight.] n. s. [tot/pet, Fr.] A kind of fore- top; natural or artificial hair particularly dressed on the forehead. Swift. TOUR$, lOOr. 315. n.s. [Fr.] Ramble; roving jour- ney. A ddison. Turn; revolution. Black-more. Turn; cast ; manner. Bentky. 05= My experience fails me if tins word is not slowly con- forming to the true English sound of the vowels heard in thou. The smart traveller to France and Italy would fear we should never suppose he had been out of Eng- land, were he not to pronounce it so as to rhyme with poor ,• and the sober English critick sees infinite advan- tage in this pronunciation, as it prevents our mistaking taking atour for taking a tower. But, plausible as this latter reason may be, it is far from being sufficient to induce a philosophical grammarian to approve it. Co- incidence in the sound of words signifying different things, is the case in all languages; but, while these words are differently written, their different meanings will be sufficiently preserved without departing from the general analogy of pronunciation. — See the word 1 Bowl. W. TOURIST*, t&Sr'-fst. n. s. One who makes a tour | or ramble. TOURN*. n. s. The sheriff's turn, or court. Burke. A spinning-wheel. Grose. TOURNAMENT, tSSr'-na-ment, or uV-na-ment. ) TOURNEY, tSdr'-ne, or tfir'-ne. \ n. s. [tournamentum, iow Lat.] Tilt ; just ; military- sport ; mock encounter. Daniel. Encounter 5 shock of battle. Milton. ^}Cr I am much mistaken if general usage does not in- cline to the short sound of the diphthong in these woTds ; and that this sound ought to be indulged, is palpable to every English ear ; which finds a repugnance at giving the French sound to any word that is not newly adopt- ed. Journey, nourish, courage, and many other words from the French, have long been anglicised ; and there is no good reason that this word should not fall into the same class. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Perry, give the first sound of this word , and Bu- chanan and W. Johnston, the second. Junius and Skinner spell the word turnament. W. To TOURNEY, tOOr'-ne, or tfir'-ne. v. n. To tilt in the lists. Speiiser. TO' URNIQ UET, tfir'-ne-kweX n.s. [Fr.] A ban- dage used in amputations, straitened or relaxed by the turn of a handle. Sharp. Jt5= The general pronunciation of this word ought to in- duce us to the second pronunciation of tournament. TV. To TOUSE §, t6uze.313. v. a. [probably of the same original with taw, tease, tose.] To pull ; to tear; to haul ; to drag : whence touser or towzer, the name of a mastiff. Gower. To disorder the hair. Sherwood. To TOUSE*, toiize. v. n. To tear ; to rave. Dray- ton. To TO'USLE*, totV-zl. v. a. The diminutive of touse : a low expression. TOW, to. n. s. [top, Sax.] Flax or hemp beaten and combed into a filamentous substance. Sfiarp. To TOW §, 16. v. a. [ceon, teohan, Sax. ; ioghen, old Dutch.] To draw by a rope, particularly through the water. Shakspeare. TO'WAGE*, to'-fdje. n. s. [toiiage, Fr.] The act of towing. Cotgrave. Money paid for towing. Bailey. TO WLINE*, tc-'-llne. n. s. [toh-line, Sax.] The rope or chain used in tewing. TOWA'RD, to'-urd. 324 )prep. [topapb, to TOWA'RDS, to'-urdz. \ pfjibej-, Sax.] In a direction to. Numb xxiv. With local tendency U>. Milton. Near to : as ; The danger now comes towards hhn. With respect to ; touching; regard- ing. Sidney. With ideal tendency to. Clarendon. Nearly ; little less than. Swift. This word used sometimes to have its two syllables separated from each other, and the noun governed put between them ; as, our condition to God ward. Whole Duty of Man. 9^/= Notwithstanding our poets almost universally ac- cent this word on the first syllable, and the poets are pretty generally followed by good speakers, there are some, and those not of the lowest order, who still place the accent on the second. These sho.uld be reminded that, as inwards, outwards, backwards, forioards, and every other-word of the same form, have the accent on the first syllable, there is not the least reason for pro~ nouncing towards with the accent on the last. All our orthoe'pists place the accent on the first syllable of toward when an adjective. Towards, being always a preposition, has the accent on the first syllable by Mr. Scott; but Mr. Perry, Barclay, and Fenning, place it on the second. From the coalescence of the with the w, this word is pronounced generally in one syllable, though Dr. Kenrick says otherwise ; Mr. Sheridan so pronoun- ces it ; Mr. Nares and Mr. Smith rhyme it with boards ; Bailey accents the first syllable of toward, and Entick the same syllable on the same word, and on towards as a preposition. W. TO'WARD, to'-fird. )ad. Near; at hand; in a TO'WARDS, uV-irrdz. > state of preparation. Shak. TO'WARD, l6'-wfird. 88. a. Ready to do or learn; not froward. Shakspeare. TO'WARDLINESS, t^-wurd-le-nes. n. s. Docility ; compliance ; readiness to do or to learn. Raleigh. TO'WARDL Y, t a. [trans and TRANSLU'CID §, trans-lir-sid. \ lucens, or lu- cidus, Lat."| Transparent; diaphanous; clear J giving a passage to the light. Bacon. TRANSMARINE, trans-ma-reeu'. 112. a. [trans- ma) inus, Lat.] Lying on the other side of the sea; found hevond sea. Hakeicill. To TR A'NSMEW, trans'-mu. v. a. [transmuto, Lat. ; transmuer, Fr.] To transmute ; to transform ; to metamorphose ; to change. Spenser. Ob. J. TRA NSMIGRANT, trans'-me-grant. a. [transmi- grans, Lat.] Passing into another country or state Bacon. To TRANSMIGRATED, trans^me-grate. v. n. [transmigro, Lat.] To pass from one place or coun try into another. Brown. TRANSMIGRATION, trans-me-gra'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Passage from one place or state into another. Hooker. TRA'NSMIGRATOR^trans'-me-gra-tur. n.s. One who passes from one place or country into another Ellis. TRANSMI SSION, trans-nush'-fin. n. s. [Fr.] The act of sending from one place to another, or from one person to another. Spenser. TRANSMI'SSIVE, trans-mls'-siv. a. [transmissus, Lat.] Transmitted ; derived from one to another Prior. To TRANSMIT §, trans-mu 7 . v. a. [transmitto,hat. j transmettre, Fr.] To send from one person or place j to another. Hale. TRANSMITTAL, trans-mu'-tal. n. s. The act of I transmitting; transmission. Sicift. TRANSMITTER, trans-mlt'-tur. n.s. One thai ! transmits. Savage. ! TRANSMITTlBLE*,trans-milMe-bl. a. That may i be transmitted ; that may be conveyed from one place to another. Marq. of Worcester. | TRANS3IUTABLE, trans-mu'-ta-bl. a. [transmit- | able, Fr.] Capable of change ; possible to be chang- ed into another nature or substance. Brown. TRANSMUTABLY, trans-mu'-ta-ble. ad. With capacity of being changed rnto another substance or nature. TRANSMUTATION, trans-mti-uV-shun. n. s. [Fr.; transmutatio, Lat.] Change into another nature or substance ; an alteration of the state of a thing. The great aim of alchymy is the transmutation of base metals into gold. Bacon. Successive change. Bacon. To TRANSMUTE §, trans-mute'. *. a. [transmuto, Lat. ; transmuer, Fr.] To change from one nature or substance to another. Raleigh. TRANSMITTER, trans-mu'-tur. n. s. One that transmutes. TRA NSOM, tran'-sum. n. s. [transenna, Lat.] A thwart beam or lintel over a door. [Among mathe- maticians.] The vane of an instrument called a cross staff, being a piece of wood fixed across with a square socket upon which it slides. Bailey. TRANSPARENCY, trans-pa'-ren-se. n. s. [trans- parence, Fr.] Clearness; diaphaneity; translu- cence ; power of transmitting lieht. Addison. TRANSPARENT §, trans-pa'-rent. a. [Fr. ; trans and appareo, Lat.] Pervious to the liglit ; clear ; pellucid; diaphanous; translucent; not opaque. Shakspeare. TRANSPARENTLY*, trans-pa'-rent-le. ad. Clear- Iv; so clearlv as to be seen through. Whitlock. TRANSPA'RENTNESS*, trans-pa'-rent-nes. n.s The state or quality of being transparent. Ash. To TRANSPASS*, trans-pas', v. a. To pass over. Gregory. To TRANSPA'SS*, trans-pas', v.n. To pass by $ to pass away. Daniel. 941 TRA TRA C 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pin;— TRANSPFCUOUS, trans-piV-u-fis. a. [Jrans and spea'o, Lat.] Transparent ; pervious to the sight. Milton. To TRANSPFERCE, trans-peerse', or trans-perse'. [See Pierce and Fierce.] v. a. [transpercer , Fr.] To penetrate ; to make way through ; to permeate. Raleigh. TRANSPIRABLE*, trans-pl'-ra-bl. a. [transpirable, Fr.] Capable of transpiring. Cotgrave. TRANSPIRATION, trans-pe-ra'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Emission in vapour. Brown. To TRANSPI'RES, tran-splre'. v. a. [transpiro, Lat. ; transpirer, Fr.] To emit in vapour. To TRANSPFRE, tran-splre'. v.n. [transpirer, Fr.] To be emitted by insensible vapour. Woodward. To escape from secrecv to notice. Ld. Chesterfield. To TRANSPLA'CE, trans-plase'. v. a. To remove; to put into a new place. Wilkins. To TRANSPLANTS, trans-plant', v. a. [trans and planto, Lat.; transplanter, Fr.] To remove and plant in a new place. Roscommon. To remove and settle. Bacon. To remove. Milton. TRANSPLANTATION, trans-plan-ta'-shun. n. s. The act of transplanting or removing to another soil. Suckling. Conveyance from one to another. Baker. Removal of men from one country to another. Raleigh. TRANSPLANTER, trans-plant'-ur. n. s. One that transplants. TRANSPLENDENCYS*, trans-plen'-den-se. n.s. [from trans and splendent.] Supereminent splendour. More. TRANSPLENDENT*, trans-plen'-dent. a. Super- eminently splendid. TRANSPLENDENTLY*, trans-plen'-dent-&. ad. With supereminent splendour. More. To TRANSPORTS, trans-p6rt'. 492. v. a. [trans and porio, Lat. ; transporter, Fr.] To convey by carriage from place to place. Slutk. To carry in- to banishment, as a felon. Swift. To sentence as a felon to banishment. To hurry by violence of j passion. Milton. To put into ecstasy ; to ravish with pleasure. Milton. TRANSPORT, trans'-p6rt. 492. n. s. [Fr.] Trans- portation ; carriage ; conveyance. Arbuthnot. A vessel of carriage; particularly a vessel in which soldiers are conveyed. Dryden. Rapture ; ecsta- sy. South. A felon sentenced to exile. TRANSPORT ANCE, lrans-p6r'-tanse. n. s. Con- vevance ; carriage; removal. Shakspeare. TRANSPO'RTANT*, trans-por'-tant. a. Affording freat pleasure. More. ANSPORTA'TION, trans-p6r-uV-shan. n. s. Conveyance ; carriage. Wotton. Transmission or conveyance. Dryden. Banishment for felony. Ecstatick violence of passion. South. TRANSPORTEDLY*, trans- P 6rt'-ed-le. ad. In a state of rapture. TRANSPORTEDNESS*, trans-p6rt'-ed-nes. n. s. State of rapture. Bp. Hall. TRANSPORTER, trans-port'-ur. n. s. One that transports. Carew. TRANSPO'RTMENT*, trans-port'-ment. n. s. Transportation or conveyance in ships. Beaumont and Fletcher. TRANSPO'SAL, trans-po'-zal. 7i. s. The act of put- ting things in each other's place. Swift. To TRANSPOSES, trans-poze'. v.a. [transposer, Fr. ; transpositum, Lat.] To put each in the place of other. Camden. To put out of place; to re- move. Bp. Hall. TRANSPOSITION, trans-po-zlsh'-fin. n. s. [Fr.] The act of putting one thing in the place of another. Instr.for Oratory. The state of being put out of one place into another. Woodward. TRANSPOSITION A L*, trans-p6-z1sh'-un-al. a. Relating to transposition. Pegge. To TRANSSHA'PE, trans-lshape'. v.a. To trans- form ; to bring into another shape. Shak. To TRANSUBSTANTIATE S.tran-sub-stan'-she- ate. r. a. [transubstantier, Fr.] To change to anoth- er substance. Donne. TRANSUBSTANTIA'TION,tran-sub-stan-she-a'- shun. n. s. [Fr.] A miraculous operation believed in the Romish church, in which the elements of the eucharist are supposed to be changed into the real bod}- and blood of Christ. Locke. TRANSUBSTA'NTIATOR^iran-sub-stan'-she-a- l&r. n. s. One who maintains the Romish notion of transubstantiation. Barrow. TRANSUDATION, tran-shu-da'-shun. n. s. The act of passing in sweat, or perspirable vapour, through any integument. Boyle. To TRANSU'DE §, tran-sude'. [See Futurity.] v. n. [trans and sudo, Lat.] To pass through in vapour. Harvey. To TRANSU'ME $*, trans-sume'. v. a. [transuvw, Lat.] To take from one thing to another; to con- vert one thing into another. Crashaw. TRANSUMPT* trans'-sumt. n.s. [old Fr. ; tran- sumptum. Lat.] An exemplification or copy of a record. Lord Herbert. TRANSU'MPTION, tran-sam'-shun. n.s. The act of taking from one place to another. South. TRANS\ E'RSAL, trans- ver'-sal. a. [Fr. ; trans and versalis, Lat.] Running crosswise. Hale. TRANSVE'RSALLY, trans-ver'-sal-le. ad. In a cross direction. Wilkins. To TRANSVE'RSE §, trans-verse', v.a. [transversus, Lat.] To change ; to overturn. Leslie. TRANSVE'RSE, trans-verse', a. [transversus, Lat.] Being in a cross direction. Milton. TRANSVE'RSELY, trans-verse'-le. ad. In a cross direction. Siilhngfeet. TRANTERS, tran'-tfirz. n. s. Men who carry fish from the sea-coasts to sell in the inland countries. Bailey. TRAP §, trap. n. s. [fcjiapp, fcpepp, Sax. ; trope, Fr. ; trappola, Ital.] A snare set for thieves or ver- min. Bp. Taylor. An ambush; a stratagem to betray or catch unawares. Spenser. A play at which a ball is driven with a stick. Locke. To TRAP, trap. v. a. [fcpeppan, Sax.] To ensnare ; to catch by a snare or ambush ; to take by strata- gem. Sliakspeare. See Trapping. To adorn; to decorate. Spenser. To TRAPAN $*, tra-pan'. v. a. [from trap ; t pep- pan, Sax.] To lay a trap for ; to ensnare. South. TRAPAN*, tra-pan'. n. s. A cheat ; a stratagem ; a snare. So?ith. TRAPANNER*, tra-pan'-nur. n.s. A deceiver. South. TRAPDO'OR, trap-dore'. n. s. A door opening and shutting unexpectedly. Ray. To TRAPE, trape. v. n. [commonly written to traipse.] To run idly and sluttishly about : it is used only or women. TRAPES, trapes, n. s. An idle, slatternly woman. Hudibras. TRAPE'ZIUM, tra-pe'-zhe-um. n.s. [rpairi^iov, Gr. trapese, Fr.] A quadrilateral figure, whose four sides are not equal, and none of its sides parallel Woodward. TRAPEZOID, tra-pe'-zfiid. n. s. [rpaxifav and d$os, Gr. ; trapesoide, Fr.] An irregular figure whose four sides are not parallel. Diet. TRA'PPINGS, trap'-plngz. 410. n. s. [from drap, Fr. cloth.] Ornaments appendant to the saddle. Milton. Ornaments; dress; embellishments; external, su- perficial, and trifling decoration. Shakspeare. TRA'PSTICK, trap'-stlk. n. s. [trap and sticks A slick with which boys drive a wooden ball. Spec- tator. TRASH §, trash, n.s. [tros, Icel.; drusen, Germ.] Any thing worthless; dross; dregs. Shak. A worthless person. Shak. Matter improper for food, frequently eaten by girls in the green sickness Garth. [Among hunters.] A piece of leather, a couple, or any other weight fastened round the neck of a dog, when his speed is superiour to the rest of the pack. The loppings of trees. Carleton To TRASH, trash, v. a. To lop; to crop. Warbur- ton. To ciush; to humble; to trample on in a careless manner ; to beat down. To clog ; to 942 TRA TRE — nd, move, nSr, n6t ; — tube,, tub, bull ; — 611; — pSfind; — thin, THis. encumber} to impede the progress of. Sliak- speare. To TRASH*, trash v. n. To follow, with bustle, as if beating down every thing in the way ; to tram- ple. The Puritan, (1607.) TRA'SHY, trash'-e. a. Worthless; vile; useless. Dryden. TRA'ULISM*, traw'-lizm. n.s. [traulizo, Lat.] A stammering repetition of syllables. Dalgarno. TRAUMA'TICK, traw-mat'-jk. 509. a. [rpavixart- kos.] Vulnerary ; useful to wounds. Wiseman. TRAUMA'TICKS*. traw-mat'-lks. n. s. Vulneraries ; medicines good to heal wounds. Cliambers. To TRA'VAIL §, trav'-U. 208. v. n. [travailler, Fr.] To labour; to toil. Shak. To be in labour; to suffer the pains of childbirth. Isa. xxiii. /"« TRA'VAIL, trav'-il. v. a. [travagliare, Ital.] To harass ; to tire. Hanward. TRA'VAIL, trav'-ll." n. s. Labour; toil; fatigue. Hooker. I ,abour in childbirth. Bacon. TRAVE, tri.ve. ) n. s. [travail, Fr.] A wooden TRA'VIS, trav'-?s. \ frame for shoeing unruly horses. Chaucer, [trabs, Lat.] A beam ; a lay of joists ; a traverse. A. Wood. To TRA'VEL §, trav'-il. 99. v.n. To make journeys. Shak. To pass ; to go ; to move. Shak. To make journeys of curiosity. Watts. To labour ; to toil. Hooker. To TRA'VEL, trav'-il. v. a. To pass; to journey over. Milton. To force to journey. Spenser. TRA'VEL, trav'-il. n. s. [travail, Fr.] Journey ; act of passing from place to place. Dryden. Journej'of curiosity or instruction. Sliak. Labour : toil. Daniel. Labour in childbirth : in this sense rather travail. Dryden. — Travels. Account of occurrences and . observations of a journey into foreign parts. Brown. TRAVELLED*, trav'-ild. a. Having made jour- neys. Wotton. TRAVELLER, trav'-il-lur. 406. n.s. [travailkur,\ Fr.] One who goes a journey ; a wayfarer. Spenser. One who visits foreign countries. Shalcspeare. TRA'VELTAINTED, trav'-il-tant-ed.a. Harassed; fatigued with travel. Sliakspeare. TRA' VERS, trav'-erse. ad. [Fr.] Athwart ; across. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. TRAVERSABLE*, trav'-er-sa-bl. a. Liable to legal objection. Hale. TRA'VERSE, tra-verse'. ad. [a travers, Fr.] Cross- wise ; athwart. Bacon. g^f In the folio edition of Johnson, the word traverse, when an adverb or a preposition, is accented on the last syllable, as I have marked it; but in the quarto it is every- where accented on the first. Mr. Sheridan accents only the preposition on the last. Dr. Ash says the verb was formerly accented on the last; and Buchanan has given it so accented : all the rest of our orthoepists accent the word everywhere on tiie first ; but the distinction ic which I have followed Dr. Johnson's folio, 1 must think the most accurate. " He through the armed files " Darts his experienc'd eye, and soon, traverse, " The whole battalion views." Milton. W. TRA'VERSE, tra-veVse'. prep. Through crosswise. Milton. TRA'VERSE §. trav'-e>se. a. [transversus, Lat. ; trav- erse, Fr.] Lving across ; lying athwart. Hayward. ! TRA'VERSE y , trav'-erse. nls. Anything laid or j built cross ; any thing hung across." Bacon. Some- thing that thwarts, crosses, or obstructs ; cross ac- cident; thwarting obstacle. Bp. Hall. . A flexure; a turning. Johnson. Subterfuge ; trick. Proceed, against Gai-n&. 1606. An indictment traversed; a lesfal objection. To TRA'VERSE, t,av'-erse. v. a. [traverser, Fr.] To cross ; to lay athwart. Shak. To cross by way of opposition ; to thwart with obstacles. Wotton. To oppose ; to cross by an objection : a law term. Dryden. To wander over ; to cross. Milton. To survey ; to examine thoroughly. South. To TRA'VERSE, trav'-erse. ».«. To us use a posture TRA'VESTED §*, trav'-est-id. a. [travesti.Fr.;tra- of opposition in fencing. Shakspean RA'VF.STRIH* trav'-est-id. a. hr vestito, Ital.] Dressed in the clothes of another; disguised. Bentley. TRA'VESTY, trav'-es-te. a. [travesli, Fr.] Dressed so as to be made ridiculous; burlesqued. TRA'VESTY*, trav'-es-te. n.s. A burlesque per- formance ; a work travestied. Dr. Warton. To TRA'VESTY*, trav'-gs-te. v. a. To turn into burlesque and ridicule. Dr. Warton. TRAY, tra. 220. n.s. [traeg, Su. Goth. ; trua, Lat.] shallow wooden vessel. Moxon. TRA'YTRIP, tra'-trfp. n.s. Some game at tables or draughts. Sliakspeare. TREA'CHER*, tretsh'-ur. )«. s. [tricheur, TR£A'CHETOUR,tretsh'-e->ur.C Fr.] A traitor; TREA'CHOUR, trelsh-ur. ) one who be- trays ; one who violates - his faith or allegiance. Spenser. Not used. TREACHEROUS, treHsh'-gr-us. 234. a. Faithless; perfidious ; guilty of deserting or betraying. Spert- ser. TRE'ACHEROUSLY, tretsh'-er-us-le. ad. Faith- lessly; perfidiously; by treason; by dishonest stratagem. Spenser. TRE'ACHEROUSNESS, tretsh'-er-us-nes. 314. n. s. The quality of being treacherous ; perfidious- ness. TREACHERY §, tr&sh'-er-e. 555. n.s. [tricherie, Fr.; from triegen, Germ.] Perfidy; breach of faith. 2 Kings, ix. TREACLE, tre'-kl. 227, 405. n.s. [triacle, Fr.j triackle, Dutch.] A medicine made up of many in- gredients. Boyle. Molasses ; the spume of sugar. Ellis. To TREAD $, tred. 234. v. n. pret. trod, trade ; part, pass, trodden, [trudan, Goth. ; fcjiseban, Sax. ; treden, Dutch.] To set the foot. Sliak. To tram- ple ; to set the feet in scorn or malice. Deut. xxxiii. To walk with form or state. Milton. To copulate as birds. Sliakspeare. To TREAD, tred. v. a. To walk on ; to feel under the foot. Shak. To press under the foot. Sivift. To beat; to track. Shak. To walk on in a formal or stately manner. Dryden. To crush under foot : to trample in contempt or hatred. Psal. xliv. To put in action by the feet. Job, xxiv. To love as the male bird the female. Dryden. TREAD, tred. 234. n.s. Footing: step with the foot. Shak. Way; track; path. Shak. The cock's part in the egg. TRE'ADER, tred'-ur. 7i.s. He who treads. Isa. xvi. TREADLE, tred'-dl. 405. n. s. A part of an engine on which the feet act to put it in motion. Moxon. The sperm of the cock. Brown. TREAGUE*, treeg. n. s. [trevga, Germ. ; triggwo. Goth.] A truce. Spenser. Ob. T. TREASONS, tre'-zn. 103, 227, 170. n. s. [trahison, Fr.] An offence committed against the dignity and majesty of the commonweallh : it is divided into high treason and petit treason. High treason is an offence against the security of the commonwealth, or of the king's majesty, whether by imagination, word, or deed. Petit treason is when a servant kills his master, a wife her husband, a secular or religious man his prelate : both treasons are capitaL Cowel. TREASONABLE, tre'-zn-a-bl. ) a. Having the na- TRE'ASONOUS, tre'-zn-us. $ ture or guilt of treason. Sliakspeare. TRE'ASONABLENESS*, tre'-zn-a-bl-ngs. n. a. State or quality of being treasonable. Ash. TREASONABLY*, tre'-zn -a-ble. ad. In a treason- able manner; with a treasonable view. TREASURER trezh'-ure. 452. n.s. [tresor, Fr.; thesaurus, Lat.] Wealth hoarded ; riches accumu- lated. Sliakspeare. To TREASURE, trezh'-yare. v. a. To hoard; to reposit ; to lay up. Rom. ii. TRE ASUREHOUSE, trezh'-ure-h6use. n.s. Place where hoarded riches are kept. Hooker. TREASURER, trezh'-u-rfir. n.s. [tresorier, Fr.] One who has care of money ; one who has charge of treasure. Sliakspeare. .943 TRE TRE HT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, TRE'ASURERSHIP, trezh'-u-rur-shlp. n. s. Office or dignity of treasurer. Hakewill. TRE'ASURESS*, trezh'-u-res. n.s. She who has charge of treasure. Dering, TREASURY, trezh'-u-re. n. s. [tresorerie, Fr.] A place in. which riches are accumulated. Shak. It is used by Shakspeare for treasure. To TREATS, trete. 227. v. a. [trailer, Fr. ; tracto, Lat.] To negotiate; to settle. Dry den. [tracto, Lat.1 To discourse on. To use in any manner, good or bad. Spectator. To handle; to manage; to carry on. Dryden. To entertain without ex- pense to the guest. To TREAT, trete. v.n. [trailer, Fr.; fcpahteian, Sax.] To discourse ; to make discussions. Milton. To practise negotiation. 2 Mace. xiii. To come to terms of accommodation. Swift. To make gratuitous entertainments. Prior. TREAT, trete. n. s. An entertainment given. Dryd. Something given at an entertainment. Dryden. TREATABLE, tre'-ta-bl. 405. a. [treatable, Fr.] Moderate; not violent; tractable. Hooker. TRE' AT ABLY*, tre'-ta-ble. ad. Not with violence ; moderately. Hooker. TRE'ATER*, tre'-tur. n.s. One who discourses. Wotton. One who gives an entertainment. TRE'ATISE, tre'-tlz. 140,227. n.s. [tractatus, Lat.] Discourse ; written tractate. Dryden. TRE'ATISER* tre'-te-zur. n. s. One who writes a treatise. Featley. Ob. T. TREATMENT, trete'-ment. n. s. [treatment, Fr.] Usage ; manner of using, good or bad. Addison. Entertainment. Dryden. TREATY, treble. 227. n. s. [traite, Fr.] Negotia- tion ; act of treating. Spenser. A compact of ac- commodation relating to publick affairs. Bacon. [tor entreaty.] Supplication; petition; solicitation. Shak. Treatise. Homily against Rebellion. TRE'BLE §, treb'-bl. 405. a. [triple, Fr. ; triplus, triplex, Lat.] Threefold ; triple. Milton. Sharp of sound : a musical term. Bacon. To TRE'BLE, treb'-bl. v. a. To multiply by three; to make thrice as much. Spenser. To TREBLE, treb'-bl. v. n. To become threefold. Swift. TRE'BLE §, treb'-bl. n.s. The highest or acutest part in musick; the smallest of a ring of bells; a sharp sound. Bacon. TRE'BLENESS, treb'-bl-nes. n. s. The state of be- ing treble. Bacon. TRE'BLY, treb'-ble. ad. Thrice told; in threefold number or quantity. Drijden. TREE §, tree. n. s. [triu, M. Goth. ; trie, Icel. ; tree, Dan.] A large vegetable, rising with one woody stem, to a considerable height. Miller. Wood, simply. WicliJ'e. Any thing branched out. Dryd. TREE Germander, n.s. A plant. TREE of Life. n. s. An evergreen : the wood is esteemed by turners. Miller. TREE Primrose, n. s. A plant. TREEN, treen. old plur. of tree. B. Jonson. TREEN, treen. a. [fcpeopen, Sax.] Wooden; made of wood. Camden. TRE'FOIL, tre'-f6!l. n. s. [trifolium, Lat.] A plant. Miller. TREILLAGE, tra'-lldje. n.s. [Fr.] A contexture of pales to support espaliers, making a distinct enclosure of any part of a garden. Trevoux. TRE'LLIS, trel'-ils. n. s. [Fr.] A structure of iron, wood, or osier, the parts crossing each other like a lattice. Gray. TRE'LLISED*, trgl'-llst. a. Having trellises. Sir T. Herbert. To TRE'MBLE §, trem'-bl. 405. v. n. [trembler, Fr. ; tremo, Lat.] To shake as with fear or cold ; to shiv- er ; to quake ; to shudder. Shak. To quiver; to totter. Milton. To quaver ; to shake as a sound. Bacon. 'i RE'MBLER*, trem'-blur. n. s. One who trembles. Hammond. TRE'MBLING*, trem'-bllng. n. s. Tremour. Clar- endon. TRE'MBLINGLY, trem'-bllng-le. ad. So as to shake or quiver. Shakspeare. TREME'NDOUS, tre-men'-dus. [See Stupen dous.] a. [tremendus, Lat.] Dreadful; horrible astonishingly terrible. Taller. TREME'NDOUSLY*. tre-men'-d&s-le. ad. Horri- bly ; dreadfully. TREME'NDOUSNESS*, tre-men'-dus-nes. n. s- State or quality of being tremendous. Scott. TRE'MOUR, tre'-mur. 314. n. s. [tremor, Lat.] The state of trembling. Harvey. Quivering or vibra- tory motion. Nexvton. TRE'MULOUS, trem'-u-lus. 314. a. [tremulus, Lat.] Trembling ; fearful. Decay of Chr. Piety. Quiv- ering; vibratorv. Fell. TRE'MULOUSLY*, trgm'-u-lus-le. ad. With trepi- dation. TRE'MULOUSNESS, trem'-u-lfis-nes. n. s. The state of quivering. TREN, tr£n. n. s. A fish spear. Ainsworth. To TRENCH §, trensh. V. a. [trancher, Fr.] To cut. Shak. To cut or dig into pits or ditches. Evelyn. To fortify by earth thrown up. Milton. To TRENCH*, trensh. v. n. To encroach. Bp. Hall. TRENCH, trensh. n. s. [tranche, Fr.] A pit or ditch. Dryden. Earth thrown up to defend soldiers in their approach to a town, or to g-uard a camp. Shak TRE'NCHAND*, tren'-shand. )a. [trenchant, Fr.] TRE'NCHANT, tren'-shant. \ Cutting; sharp. Spenser. TRE'NCHER, tren'-shur. 98. n. s. [trenchoir, Fr.] A piece of wood on which meat is cut at table. SJiak The table. Shak. Food ; pleasures of the table. South. TRENCHERFLY, tren'-sh&r-fll. n.s. [trencher and fy .] One that haunts tables ; a parasite. L' Estrange. ! TRE'NCHERFRIEND*, tren'-shur-frend. n. s " A parasite ; a trenchermale. Shakspeare. TRE'NCHERMAN, tren'-shur-man. 88. n. s. A I cook. Sidney. A feeder; an eater. Sluikspeare. TRE'NCHERMATE, tren'-shfir-mate. n. s. A table companion ; a parasite. Hooker. To TREND, trend, y. n. To tend ; to lie in any par- ticular direction : it seems a corruption of tend. Cook and King. TRE'NDING*, trending, n. s. A particular direc- tion. Dryden. TRE'NDLE, tren'-dl. 405. n. s. [fcjienbel. Sax.] Any thing turned round. * TRE'NTALS, tren'-tals. n. s. [trente, Fr.] Trenlah or trigintals were a number of masses, to the tale of thirty, said on the same account, according to a certain order instituted by Saint Gregory. Ayliffe. TREPA'N§, tre-pan'.n.s. [Fr. ; from rpvirdw, Gr.] An instrument by which chirurgeons cut out round pieces of the skull. A snare ; a stratagem by which any one is ensnared. Roscommon. To TREPA'N, tre-pan'. v. a. [trepaner, Fr.] To per- forate with the trepan. Wiseman. To catch ; to ensnare. Hudibras. TREPHI'NE, tre-flne'. n. s. A small trepan ; a small- er instrument of perforation managed by one hand. Wiseman. TREPIDA'TION, trep-e-da'-shun. n. s. [trepidatio, Lat.] The state of trembling or quivering. Bacon. State of lerrour. Wotton. TfcTRE'SPASSS, tres'-pas. v.n. [trespasser, Fr.] To transgress ; to offend. Lev. xxvi. To enter un lawfully on another's ground. Prior. TRE'SPASS, tres'-p&s. n. s. [irespas, Fr.] Trans- gression ; offence. Sfia/c. Unlawful entrance on another's ground. TRESPASSER, tres'-pas-s&r. n. s. An offender; a transgressor. Quarles. One who enters unlawful- ly on another's ground. Walton. TRESS §, tres. n. s. [tresse, Fr. ; treccia, Ital.] A lock, a curl of hair; a gathering of hair. Clmucer. TRE'SSED, tres'-sed. 104, 366. a. Knotted ; curled having the hair in a tress ; having tresses. Spenser. TRE'SSEL*. See Trestle. TRE'SSURE*, tresh'-shure. n.s. [In heraldry] A kind of border. Warton. 944 TRI TRI — n?.] State of being married three times ; state of having three husbands or wives at one time. Sir T. Herb. TRFGGER, trig'-gfir. 98. n. s. [trigue, Fr. See T rickerJ A catch to hold the wheel on steep ground. The catch that, being pulled, looses the cock of the gun. Locke. TRIGFNTALS, trl-jin'-talz. 119. n. s. [triginta, Lat.] Trentals or trigintals were a number of masses, to the tale of thirty, instituted by Saint Gregory. Ayliffe. TRFGLYPH, trl'-glif. 119. n.s. [rpeig and y\vof asoect. Sandys. Destructive; cruel. Harvey. To TRUDGE, trudje. v. n. [truggiolare, Ital.] To travel laboriously; to jog on ; to march heavily on. Shakspeare. TRUE $, tr5d. 339. a. [fcpeopa ; fcjiupa ; Sax. ; trewe, 62 Germ.] Not false ; not erroneous ; agreeing with fact, or with the nature of things. Spense\ . Not false ; agreeing with our own thoughts. Pure from the crime of Jalsehood ; veracious. Prov. xiv. Genuine ; real ; not counterfeit. I John, ii. Faith- ful ; not perfidious ; steady. Shak. Honest ; not fraudulent. Shak. Exact ; conformable to a rule Dryden. Rightful. Milton. TRU'EBORN, tr65'-b6rn. a. [true and barn.] Hav ing a right bv birth to any title. Shakspeare. TRU'EBRED^roS'-bred. a. Of aright breed. Slunk. TRUEHE'ARTED, tr66-hart-eU a. Honest; faith ful. Shakspeare. TRU'ELOYE, IrSSMuv. n. s. An herb. Gerarde. A sweetheart. Donne. TRU'ELOVEKNOT, trSo-luv-n&t'. ) „ c TRU'ELOVERSKNOT,tr6d-lflv-firz-n&t'. ] [true, love, and knot] Lines drawn through each other with many involutions, considered as the. em- blem of interwoven affection. Hudibras. TRUENESS, trfio'-nes. n.s. Sincerity ; faithfulness. Bacon. TRU'EPENN Y, tr66 ; -pen-ne. n.s. [true and penny .] A familiar phrase for an honest fellow. Shak. TRUFFLE, tro6'-fl. [truf-fl, Perry.] n. s. [tmjle, truffe, Fr.] A subterraneous mushroom. Ray. £5= This word ought either to have the u short, or be written with only one /. The latter of these altera- tions is, perhaps, the most practicable, as we seem in- clined rather to part with a hundred letters than give up the smallest tendency to a foreign pronunciation W. TRUG. trug. n. s. A hod for mortar. TRUISM*, troo'-km. n.s. A self-evident and unde niable truth. Pegge. TRULL, trull, n.s. [drollen, Teut.] A girl ; a lass: a wench. Turbervile. A low whore ; a vagrant strumpet. SJiakspeare. TRUL Y, trdS'-le. ad. According to truth ; not false- ly ; faithfully; honestly. Sidney. Really; without fallacy. Miiton. Exactly ; justly. South. Indeed: a slight affirmation, almost expletive. Wotton. TRUMP §, trump, n. s. [trompe, Dutch, and old Fr. , tromba. Ital.] A trumpet; an instrument of warliko musick. Sliak. [corrupted from triumph.] A win ning card ; a card ti.at has particular privileges in a game. Pope. An old game at cards. Gamm. Gurton's Needle. — To pit to or upon tlie ti-umps To put to the last expedient. Dryden. To TRUMP, trump. »\ a. To win with a trump card. [tromper, Fr.] To impose upon. B. Jonson. To obtrude ; to force ; to obtrude fallaciously. SoutJi. — To trump up. To devise ; to forge. Young. To TRUMP*, trump, v. n. To blow a trumpet. Wicliffe. To play a trump card ; to interpose as with a trump card : to be an impediment. Bp Hall. TRUMPERY, trfimp'-er-e. 555. n. s. [tromp? ie, Fr.] Something fallaciously splendid ; somethig of less value than it seems. Shakspeare. I alsehood j empty talk. Raleigh. Something of no value ; trifles. Milton. TRUMPET^, trump'-u. 99. n. s. [trompette, Fr. and Dutch.] An instrument of martial musick sounded by the breath. Shak. In military style, a trumpet- er. Clarendon. One who celebrates ; one who praises. Bacon. To TRUMPET, trump'-lt. v. a. [trompelter,Fr.] To publish by sound of trumpet; to proclaim. Sliak. TRUMPETER, trump -ft-fir. 98. n. s. One who sounds a trumpet. Shak. One who proclaims publishes, or denounces. Bacon. A fish. Aim worth. TRU MPET-FLOWER, trump'-ft-flSu-ur. n. s. A tubulous flower. Miller. TRU'MPET-TONGUED, trump'-lt-tungd. 359. a Having a tongue vociferous as a trumpet. SJiak. TRU'MPLIKE, trump'-llke. a. Resembling a tram- pet. Cliapman. To TRUNCATES, trung'-kate. 91,408. v. a. [trun- co, Lat.] To maim ; to lop j to cut short : an heral- dick word applied to trees. Dr. Shaw. 949 TRU TUF KT 559.- -Fkte. fa. ,m\, fat r -me, met ;- —pine pin;— TRUNCATION, tr&n-ka'-shun. 408. n. s. The act of lopping or maiming. Prynne. TRUNCHEON §, trun'-shun. 295. n. s. [troncon, Fr.] A short staff; a club ; a cudgel. Spenser. A staff of command. Sfuxkspeare. To TRUNCHEON, trun'-shun., o. a. To beat with a truncheon. Shakspeare. TRUNCHEONE'ER, trun-sh&n-eer'. n.s. One arm- ed with a truncheon. Shakspeare. To TRUNDLE $, trun'-dl. 405. v.n. [trondeler, Picard Fr. ; tpenbl, Sax.] To roll ; to bowl along. Addison. To TRUNDLE*, trun'-dl. v. a. To bowl j to roll. Lovelace. TRU'NDLE, trun'-dl. n. s. [fcpenbl, Sax. ; trendyl, old Eng.] Any round, rolling thing. Abp. Cran- mer. TRU'NDLEBED*. See Trucklebed. TRU'NDLE-TAIL, trun'-dl-tale. n. s. Round-tail ; a kind of dog. Siiaksj?eare. TRUNK §, trungk. 408. n. s. [trunais, Lat. ; tronc, Fr.] The body of a tree. Shale. The body with- out the limbs of an animal. Spenser. The main body of any thing. Ray. A chest for clothes; sometimes a small chest commonly lined with paper. Shak. The proboscis of an elephant, or other ani- mal. Milton. A long tube through which pellets of clay are blown. Bacon. To TRUNK, trungk. v. a. franco, Lat.] To trun- cate ; to maim ; to lop. Spenser. Ob. J. TRU'NKED, trungk' -ed, or trungkt. a. Having a trunk. Howell. TRUNK-HOSE, trungk'-h6ze. n. s. [trunk and hose.] Large breeches formerly worn. Prior. TRUNNIONS, tmn'-y&nz. 113. n.s. [trognons, Fr.] The knobs or bunchings of a gun, that bear it on the cheeks of a carriage. Bailey. TRU'SION, tr56'-zhun. 451. n. s. [trudo, Lat.] The act of thrusting or pushing. Bentley. TRUSS §, trus. n. s. [trousse, Fr.] A bandage by which ruptures are restrained from lapsing. Wise- man. Bundle ; any thing thrust close together. Spenser. Trouse ; breeches. To TRUSS, trus. v. a. [tromser, Fr.] To pack up close together. Spenser. TRUST?, tr&st. n.s. [traust, Run.] Confidence ; re- liance on another. Shak. Charge received in con- fidence. Denham. Confident opinion of any event. Milton. Credit given without examination. Locke. Credit on promise of payment. Raleigh. Some- thing committed to one's faith. Bacon. Deposit ; something committed to charge, of which an ac- count must be given. Swift. Confidence in sup- posed honesty. Tob. x. State of him to whom something' is intrusted. Shakspeare. To TRUST, trust, v. a. To place confidence in ; to confide in. B. Jonson. To believe ; to credit. SJiak. To admit in confidence to the power over any thing. Bp. Taylor. To commit with confi- dence. Dryden. To venture confidently. Milton. To sell upon credit. To TRUST, trust, v. n. To be confident of something future. 2 John. To have confidence ; to rely ; to depend without doubt. Jsa. li. To be credulous ; to be won to confidence. Shakspeare. To expect. L 7 Estrange. TRUSTE'E, tr&s-tee'. n. s. One intrusted with any- thing. Bp. Taylor. One to whom something is committed for the use and behoof of another. Dry- den. TRUSTER, trust'-ur. n. s. One who trusts. Shak. 1 RU'STILY*, trfist'-e-le. ad. Honestly ; faithfully ; with fidelity. Wicliffe. TRU'STINESS, trfist'-e-nes. n.s. Honesty; fideli- ty ; faithfulness. Grew. TRU'STLESS, trust'-les. a. Unfaithful ; unconstant ; not to be trusted. Spenser. TRU'STY, trust'-e. a. [from trust.'] Honest ; faithful ; true; fit to be trusted. SJiak. Strong; stout; such as will not fail. Spenser. TRUTH §, troM. 339, 467. n. s. [fcpeopSe, Sax.] The contrary to falselwcd ; conformity of notions to things. Conformity of words to thoughts. Milton. Purity from falsehood. SJiak. Right opinion. Harte. Fidelity ; constancy. Shak. Honesty ; virtue. Shak. It is used sometimes by way of con- cession. St. Matt. xv. Exactness ; conformity to rule. Mortimer. Reality ; real state of things. Beattie. — Of a truth, or in truth. In reality. 2 ICings, xix. TRU'THFUL*, xMth'-m. a. Full of truth. Ber- ington. TRU'THLESS*, trootfi'-les.a. Wanting truth; faith- less ; wanting reality. Fuller. TRUTINA'TION, tr65-te-na'-shun. n.s. [trutina, Lat.] The act of weighing ; examination by the scale. Brown. To TRY§, trl. 39. v. a. [trier, FrJ To examine ; to make experiment of. Shak. To experience ; to assay ; to have knowledge or experience of. Mil- ton. To examine as a judge, lo bring before a judicial tribunal. To bring to a decision. 2 Mace. xiv. To act on as a test. Shak. To bring as to a test. James, i. To essay ; to attempt. Milton. To purify ; to refine. Milton. To use as means. Sivift. To TRY, trl. v. n. To endeavour ; to attempt ; to make essay. Wotton. TUB§, tub. n. s. [tobbe, tubbe, Dutch.] A large, open vessel of wood. Bacon. A state of salivation ; so called because the patient was formerly sweated in a tub. Shakspeare. TUBE, tube. n. s. [Fr. ; tubus, Lat.] A pipe ; a si phon ; a long, hollow body. Roscommon. TU'BERCLE, tu'-ber-kl. 405. n. s. [tubercule, Fr. ; tuberculum, Lat.] A small swelling or excrescence on the body ; a pimple. Sewell. TU'BEROSE, tube'-r6ze. n. s. A flower. Mortimei: TU'BEROUS, tu'-ber-us. 314. a. [tubereux, Fr. ■ tuber, Lat.] Having prominent knots or excres- cences. Woodward. TUBULAR, uV-bu-lar. a. [tubulus, Lat.] Resem- bling a pipe or trunk ; consisting of a pipe ; long and hollow ; fistular. Grew. TU'BULATED, tu'-bu-la-ted. ) a. [tubulus, Lat.] TU'BULOUS, uV-bu-lus. 314. \ Fistular; longi- tudinally hollow. Derham. TU ; BULE§, uY-bule- 503. n. s. [tubulus, Lat.] A small pipe, or fistular body. Woodward. TUCH*, tutsh. n. s. A kind, of marble. Sir T. Her bert. TUCK §, tuk. n. s. [tweca, Welsh ; estoc, Fr. ; stocco, Ital.] A long, narrow sword. Shak. A kind of net. Carew. A kind of fold. A sort of pull ; a kind of lugging, [tucken, Teut.l Life of A. Wood. To TUCK, tuk. v. a. [tucken, Germ.] To gather into a narrower compass ; to crush together ; to hinder from spreading. Addison. To enclose, by tucking clothes round. Locke. To TUCK, tuk. v. n. To contract. Slmrp. TU'CKER, tfik'-ur. 98. n. s. A small piece of linen that shades the breast of women. Addison. TU'CKET*, tuk'-it. )n.s. [tocchetti, Ital.] A steak; TU'CET*, tu'-slt. $ a collop. Bp. Taylor, [toc- cata, Ital.] A kind of flourish or prelude on a trum- pet. Shakspeare. TU'CKETSONANCE, tuk'-?t-z6-nanse. n.s. The sound of the tucket. Shakspeare. TU'EL, tu'-fl. n. s. [tuyeau, Fr.] The anus. Skinner TUESDAY, tuze'-de. 223, 335. n.s. [teuepbseS, Sax. ; fcu, tip, Sax., is 3Iars.] The third day of the week. TUFT§, tuft. n. s. [tuffe, old Fr. ; Supe, Sax.] A number of threads or ribands, flowery leaves, or any small bodies, joined together. Bacon. A cluster; a plump. Sidney. To TUFT, tuft. v. a. To separate into tufts, or little clusters. Drayton. To adorn with a tuft. Tliom- son. TUFTA'FFATY, t&f-taf-fa-te. n. s. A villous kind of silk. Donne. TUTTED, tuf -ted. a. Growing in tufts or clusters. Milton. TU'FTY, tuf-te. a. Adorned with tufts; growing id tufts. Draijton. J 950 TUM TUR — n6, move, n6r, nftt; — tube, tub, buli ; — 611 ; — pound; — ihm, THis. JToTUGf, tag. u. a. [ti^an. teo£an, Sax.] To' pull with strength long- continued in the utmost ex- ertion ; to draw. Chapman. To pull. J to pluck. Shakspeare. To TUG, lug. d. n. To pull ; to draw. Sandys. To labour ; to contend ; to struggle. Shakspeare. TUG, t&g. n. s. Pull performed with the utmost ef- fort. Dn/den. • TU'GGER, tug'-gfir. 98. n. 5. One that tugs or pulls hard. Sherwood. TUGGLXGLY* tug'-ging-le. ad. With difficulty. Bnley. TUi'TION, lu-lsh'-fin. 462. n. s. [old Fr. ;tuUio, from tueor, Lat.] Guardianship; superintendent care ; care of a guardian or tutor. Sidney. TU'LIP$, tiV-lfp. n. s. [tulipe, Fr. ; tulipa, Lat.] A flower. Miller. TU'LIPTREE, tu'-llp-tree.n.s. A tree which grows in North America, so called because the shape of its flowers in some degree resembles a tulip. Ma- To TUMBLE §, uW-bl. 405. v. n. [tommelen, Dutch ; tombolare, Ital. ; Cumbian, Sax.] To fall ; to come suddenly and violently to the ground. Sluik. To fall in great quantities tumultously. Bacon. To roll about. Sidney. To play tricks by various li- brarians of the body. Rovce. To TU'MBLE, ifim'-bl. v. a. To turn over ; to throw about by way of examination. Bacon. To throw by chance or violence. Locke. To throw down. Shakspeare. TU'MBLE. uW-bl. 405. n.s. A fall. V Estrange. TU'MBLER, tum'-bl-fir. 98. n. s. One who shows postures by various contortions of body, or feats of activity. Wilkins. A large drinking glass. A particular species of pigeon. A sort of dog. Sican. TU'MBREL, t&m'-bril. 99. n. s. [tumerel, old Fr., tombereoM, modern.] A dung cart. Tusser. "ITJMEFA'CTION, tu-me-fak'-shun. /*. s. [tumefac- tio, Lat.] Swelling. Arhvthnol. To TU'MEFY$, tu'-me-fl. 462. v. a. [tumefacio, Lat.] To swell ; to make to swell. Sliai-p. TU'MID, tu'-mld. 462. a. [tumidits, Lat.] Swelling ; puffed up. Protuberant; raised above the level. Milton. Pompous; boastful; puffy; falsely sub- lime. Boyle. TU'MOROUS, tu'-mfir-us. 462. a. Swelling; protu- berant. Wotlon. Fasluous ; vainly pompous ; false- ly magnificent. B. Jonson. TU'MOURMA'-mur. 314,462. n.s. [tumor, Lat.] A morbid swelling. Wiseman. A swell or rise of water. B. Jonson. Affected pomp ; false magnifi- cence ; puffy grandeur ; swelling mien ; unsubstan- tial greatness. Wotton. TU'MOURED*, tiV-murd. a. Distended ; swollen ; puffed up. Junius. TUMP*, tump. 71. s. [perhaps a corruption of umbo, Lat.] The knoll of a hill. Ainsworth. To TUMP, tump. v. a. [among gardeners.] To fence trees about with earth. To TU'MTJLATE, uV-mu-late. 462. v. n. [tumulo, Lat.] To swell. Boyle. TU'MULOSE, tu-mu-lose'. 462. a. [iimulosus, Lat.] Full of hills. Bailey. TUMULOSITY, tu-mu-16s'-e-te. n. s. [tumulus, Lat.] Hilliness. Bailey. TU'MULTS, uV-mfllt. 462. n.s. [tumutie, Fr. ; tumul- t?is, Lat.] A promiscuous commotion in a multitude. Tope. A multitude put into wild commotion. A stir; an irregular violence; a wild commotion. Shakspeare. To TU'MULT* uV-mftlt. v. n. To make a tumult ; to be in wild commotion. Milton. TU'MULTER*, tiV-mult-ur. n. s. One who makes a tumult ; a rioter. Milton. TUMU'LTUARILY, tu-mul'-tshu-a-re-le. 462. ad. In a tumultuary manner. Sandys. TUMU'LTUARINESS, tu-mSF-tshu-a-re-n^s. 462. n. s. Turbulence ; inclination or disposition to tu- mults or commotions. King Charles. TUMU'LTUARY, tu-mul'-tshu-a-re. a. [tumultu- aire, Fr.] Disorderly j promiscuous ; confused. Bacon. Restless; put into irregular commotion. Atterbury. To TUMU'LTUATE, tu-mul'-lshii-ate. v n. [tu- mulluor, Lat.] To make a tumult ; to rage. South. TUMULTUA'TION, tu-mtil-tshu-a/-shun. n. s. Ir- regular and confused agitation. Boyle. TUMU'LTUOUS, tu-mul'-lshu-fis. a. [lumulluevx, Fr.] Violently carried on by disorderly multitudes. Spenser. Put into violent commotion ; irregularly and confusedly agitated. Milton. Turbulent j vio- lent. Shakspeare. Full of tumults. Sidney. TUMU'LTUOUSLY, tu-mfil'-tshii-us-le. ad. By act of the multitude; with confusion and violence. Ra- ton. TUMU'LTUOUSNESS* tu-mnl'-tshu-fis-iies. n. s. State of being tumultuous. Hammond. TUN-§, tun. 71. s. [cunne, Sax. ; tonne, Dutch ;tomie, tonneau, Fr.] A large cask. Milton. The measure of four hogsheads. Any large quantity,, proverbial ly. Sliak. A drunkard : in burlesque. Dryderi. The weight of two thousand pounds. A cubicK space in a ship, supposed to contain a tun. Hey /in. To TUN, tun. v. a. To put into casks ; to bane' Bacon. TU'NABLE, tu'-na-bl. 405, 463. a. [from time.] Harmonious ; musical. Shakspeare. TU'NABLENESS, nV-na-bl-nes. n.s. Harmony; melodiousness. Sherwood. TU'NABLY, tu'-na-ble. ad. Harmoniously ; melodi- ously. Skelton. TUN -DISH, tSn'-dish. n.s. [from tun and dish.] A tunnel. S/iakspeare. TUNES, tune. 462. n.s. [toon, Dutch; ton, Swed. : tuono, Ital. j tone, Fr. ; tonus, Lat.] A diversity of notes put together. Locke. Sound; note. Shak. Harmony ; order ; concert of parts. K. Charles. Slate of giving the due sounds: as, The fiddle is in tune, or out of 'tune. Proper state for use or appli- cation ; right disposition ; fit temper ; proper hu- mour. Locke. State of any thing with respect to order. Shakspeare. To TUNE, tune. 402. v. a. To put into such a state, as that the proper sounds may be produced. Milton. To sing harmoniously. Milton. To put into order, so as to produce the proper effect. Shakspeare. To TUNE, tune. v. n. To form one sound to another. Drayton. To utter with the voice inarticulate har- mony. TU'NEFUL, tune'-ful. a. Musical ; harmonious. Milt. TU'NELESS, tune'-les. 462. a. Unharmomous; un- musical. Spenser. TU'NER, tu'-nur. 98. n. ?. One who tunes. Shak. TU'NICK$, uV-nlk. [See Drama.] n.s. [fconeee, Sax. ; tunique, Fr. ; tunica, Lat.] Part of the Ro- man dress. Arbuthnot. Natural covering ; integu- ment ; tunicle. Harvey. TU'NICLE, tu'-ne-kl. 405. n.s. Natural cover; in- tegument. Ray. Formerly a kind of cope worn by the officiating clergy. Bale. TU'NING*, uV-nfng. n. s. Act of singing or play- ing in concert; act or method of putting into tune. Milton. TU'NNAGE, tun'-nWje. 90. n. s. [from tun.] Con tent of a vessel measured by the tun. Arbuthnot. Tax laid by the tun ; as, to levy tannage. TU'NNEL, tun'-nll. 99. n. s. [cceiiel, Sax.] The shaft of a chimney; the passage for the smoke. A funnel ; a pipe by which liquor is poured into ves- sels. Bacon. A net wide at the mouth, and ending in a point, and so resembling a funnel or tunnel. To TU'NNEL, tun'-nil. v. a. To form like a tunnel. Derham. To catch in a net. To make network ; to reticulate. Derham. TU"NNY, tun'-ne. n. s. [tonnen, Ital. ; thynnus, Lat.] A sea-fish. Carew. TUP $, tup. n. s. [not known of what original.] A ram. To TUP, tup. v. n. To butt like a ram. To TUP*, tfip. v. a. To cover as a ram. TU'RBAN, uV-bfin. } 88. n. s. [Turkish.] Tbe TU'RBAND, t&r'-bund. £ cover worn by the Turks TU'RBANT, uV-bunt. ) on their heads. Shak 951 TUR TUR OCT 559.— Fate, far. fail, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin; TU'RBANED.tfir'-b&n'd. 359. a. Wearing a turban; dressed with a turban. Shakspeare. TU'RBARY, uV-ba-re. n. s. [turbaria, low Lat. ; from turf.] The right of digging turf. Skinner. The place where turfs are digged. Cowel. TU'RBID$, tur'-bld. a. [turbidus, Lat.] Thick ; muddy ; not clear. Bacon. TU'RBIDLY*, tur'-bfd-le. ad. Haughtily ; proudly : a latinism. Young. TU RBIDNESS, uV-bld-nes. n. s. Muddiness ; thick- ness. TURBINATED §, tfir'-be-na-tSd. a. [turbinates, Lat.] Twisted ; spiral ; passing from narrower to wider. Bentley. Whirling as a body that turns round its own axis. Hist. R. S. iii. Among bota- nists, plants are called turbinated, as some parts of them resemble or are of a conical figure. Vict. TURBINA'TION, tur-be-na'-sh&n. n. s. The act of spinning like a top. Cockeram. TU'RBITH, iur'-Wh. n. s. [turpethus, Lat.] Yel- low mercury precipitate. Wiseman. TU'RBOT, uV-but. 166. n.s. [turbot, Fr. and Dutch.] A delicate fish. Carew. TURBULENCES, tfir'-bu-lgnse. )n. s. [Fr. ; tur- TUTtBULENCY^t&r'-bu-len-se. ) bulentia, Lat.] Tumult; confusion. Shak. Disorder of passions. Dryden. Tumulluousness j tendency to confusion. Swift TU'RBULENT, tfir'-bu-lent. a. [turbulentus, Lat.] Raising agitation ; producing commotion. Milton. Exposed to commotion ; liable to agitation. Milton. Tumultuous; violent. Dryden. TU'RBULENTLY, tfir'-bu-lent-le. ad. Tumultous- ly ; violently. Sherwood. TU'RCISM, tur-s?sm. n. s. [ Turcismus, low Lat.] The religion of the Turks. Atterbury. #5= Mr. Sheridan has most unaccountably pronounced this word as if written Turkism ; and with just as much reason we might say Oreekism instead of Orm- eism : the latter is, indeed, a formation from the ancient Latin and the former from the modern ; but the analo- gy of formation in both is the same, and the pronuncia- tion ought to be the same likewise. W. TU'RCOIS. See Turkois. TURD, turd. n.s. [tupb, Sax.] Excrement. TURF§, turf. n. s. [fcupr, Sax. ; torf, Dutch and Swed.j A clod covered with grass ; a part of the surface of the ground. Shakspeare. To TURF, turf. v. a. To cover with turfs. Mortimer. TU'RFINESS, turf-c-nes. n. s. The state of abound- ing with turfs. TURFY, turf-e. a. Full of turfs ; covered with turf; built of turf. Shakspeare. TU'RGENT, uV-jent. a. [Fr. ; turgens, Lat.] Swel- ling; protuberant; tumid. Thomson. Pompous; tumid. Burton. TURGE'SCENCE, tur-jes'-sense. ) 510. n. s. \tur- TURGE'SCENCY, tur-jes'-sen-se. \ gescens, Lat.] The act of swelling ; the state of being swollen. Brown. Emptv magnificence. TU'RGIDS, uV-jid. a. [targes, Lat.] Swelling; bloated ; filling more room than before. Boyle. Pompous ; tumid ; fastuous ; vainly magnificent. Walts. TURGFDITY, tur-j?d'-e-te. n. s. Slate of being swollen. Arbuthnot. Pompousness ; empty mag° nificence. Cumberland. TU'RGIDNESS*, tur'-jfa-nes. n. s. Pompousness. Warburlou. TU'RKEY, uir'-ke. 270. n. s. A large domestick fowl siipposed to be brought from Turkey. Shak. TU'RKOIS, tfir-keeze'. 301. n. s. [turquoise, Fr., from Turkey^ A blue stone numbered among the meaner precious stones, now discovered to oe a bone impregnated with cupreous particles. Wood- ward. TURK3CAP, turks-kap'. n.s. An herb. Ains- worth. TURM, tfirm. n. s. [turma, Lat.] A troop. Milton. Ob. J. V TTJ'RMERICK, tur-mer-ik. n.s. [turmenca, Lat.] An Indian root which makes a yellow die. | TU'RMOTL §, uV-m6fl. 492. n. s. [from moil, to la hour.] Trouble; disturbance; harassing uneasi ness ; tumultuous molestation. Spenser. To TU'RMOIL, uV-m611. v. a. To harass with com motion. Spenser. To weary ; to keep in unquiet ness. Milton. To TURMOIL*, uV-mSil. v. n. To be in commo ■ tion or unquietness. Milton. [Cupi To TURN $, turn. Fr. ; from torno, Lat.] To put into a circular or vertiginous motion ; to move round ; to revolve, Shak. To put the upper side downwards ; to shift with regard to the sides. Addison. To change with respect to position. Milton. To change the state of the balance. Dryden. To bring the inside out. Shak. To change as to the posture of the body, or direction of the look. Cliapman. To form on a lathe by moving round. Moxon. To form ; to shape. Taller. To change ; to transform ; to metamorphose ; to transmute. Shak. To make of another colour. Floyer. To change ; to alter. Sidney. To make a reverse of fortune. Dryden To translate. Pope. To change to another opin ion, or party, worse or better ; to convert ; to per vert. Lev. xix. To change with regard to inclina tion or temper. Psalm xxv. To alter from one ef- fect or purpose to another. Hooker. To betake. Temple. To transfer. 1 Chron. xii. To fall upon by some change. Bacon. To make to nauseate. Fell. To make giddy. Pope. To infatuate ; to make mad : applied to the head or brain. Addison. To change direction to or from any point. Milton To direct by a change to a certain purpose or pro- pension. Addison. To double in. Swift. To re- volve; to agitate in the mind. Watts. To bend from a perpendicular edge ; to blunt. Ascham. To drive by violence ; to expel. Shak. To apply by countries to keep ofl the sun, and in others to bear off the rain. Shelton UMBRIE RE, fim-brere'. n. s. [umbrare, Lat.] The visor of a helmet. Spe?iser. UMBRO SITY, um-bros'-e-te. n.s. [umbrosus, Lat.] Shadiness ; exclusion of light. Brown. UMPIRAGE, fim'-pe-ridje. 90. n. s. Arbitration ; friendly decision of a controversy. Bp. Hall. EMPIRE §, um'-plre. 140. n. s. [Lat. impar.} An arbitrator ; one who, as a common friend, decides disputes. Shakspeare. {£jT This word, says Johnson, Minshew, with great ap- plause from Skinner, derives from unpere ; in French, a father. But, whatever may be its derivation, one should think, in pronunciation, it ought to class with empire ; and yet we find our orthoepists considerably divided in the sound of the last syllable of both these words : Empire. Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, and Mr. Perry, rhyme it with fire ; but Mr. Sheridan and Bu- chanan with the first of pyr-a-mid. Umpire. Mr. Sheridan and W. Johnston rhyme it with fire ; but Mr. Perry, Mr. Scott, and Buchanan, with fear ; and Dr. Kenrick with the first of pyr-a-mid. Amidst this variety and inconsistency, we find a prepon- derancy to the long sound of i. as in fire ; and this, in my opinion, is the most eligible. Rampire and vampyre follow the same analogy ; and satire and samphire may be looked on as irregular. W. To U'MPIRE*, um'-plre. v. a. To decide as an um- pire ; to arbitrate ; to settle. Bacon. UN, un. A Saxon privative or negative particle, an- swering to in of the Latins, and a of the Greeks, on, Dutch. It is placed almost at will before ad- jectives and adverbs. All the instances of this kind of composition cannot therefore be inserted ; but we have collected a number sufficient, perhaps more than sufficient, to explain it. #5= Mr. Mason has very justly observed, that " one uni- form effect is not always created by un prefixed. Thus the word unexpressive (as used by both Shakspeare and Milton) is not barely made negative by the com- position, but is also changed from active to passive." To these observations we may add, that Shakspeare and Milton's use of unexpressive for unexpressible o* inexpressible, is very licentious, and ought not to be followed. The Latin preposition in and the English un are sufficiently ambiguous without such unmean- ing licenses, which were introduced when the lan- guage was less studied, and perhaps merely to help out a hobbling line in poetry. The Latin preposition in is negative in insensible, and, what is directly oppo- site to it, is intensive in inflammatory. The English preposition un is privative in untried ; and, if I may be allowed the word, retroactive in to undo : a stick which has been bent may, when made straight, be said to be unbent : but if it were previously straight, we cannot so properly say it is unbent, as that it is not bent. W. UNABA'SHED, un-a-basht'. 359. a. Not shamed; not confused by modesty. Pope. UNABA'TED*, un-a-ba'-ted. a. Undiminished Beaumont and Fletcher. UNABFLITY* un-a-bll'-e-te. ) n. s. Want of UNA'BLENESS*, un-a'-bl-n&i. $ ability. Milton, UNA'BLE, un-a'-bl. 405. a. Not having ability. Ra- leigh. Weak ; impotent. Shakspeare. UNABO'LISHABLE*, un-a-boF-Ish-a-bl. a. That may not be abolished. Milton. UNABOLISHED, un-a-bol'-isht. a. Not repealed; remaining in force. Hooker. UNACCENTED*, tm-ak-sent'-eU a. Having no accent ; not accented. Harris. UNACCEPTABLE, un-ak'-sep-ta-bl. a. Not pleas- ing ; not such as is well received. Clarendon. UNACCETTABLENESS, 5n-ak'-sep-ta-bl-nes [See Acceptable.] n.s. State of not pleasing Collier. UNACCE PTED, fln-ak-sepf-eff. a. Not accepteo Prior. UNACCE'SSIBLE*, un-ak-seV-se-bl. a. That ma; not be approached. Hakewili. ™ 956 UNA UNA — n6, mOve, ntir, n6t : —tube, tab, bull ;— Oil ; — pdfind ; — thin, this. UNACCE/SSIBLENESS, fin-ak-ses'-se-bl-nes. n.s. Slate of not being- to be attained or approached. Hale. UN ACCOMMODATED, un-ak-k5m'-m6-da-tgd. a. Unfurnished with external convenience. Shak. UNACCOMPANIED, on-ak-k&m'-pa-nld. 283. a. Not attended. Hayward. UNACCOMPLISHED, tm-ak-kom'-pllsht. 359. a. Unfinished 5 incomplete. Dryden. Not accomplish- ed ; not elegant. Congreve. UNACCOUNTABLE, 6n-ak-k6iV-ta-bl. 405. a. Not explicable ; not to be solved by reason 5 not reducible to rule. Glanvilk. Not subject 3 not con- trolled. South. UNACCOUNTABLY, fin-ak-k6un'-ta-ble. ad. Strangely. Addison. UNA'CCURATE, fin-ak'-ku-rat. 91. a. Not exact. Boyle. UNA'CCURATENESS, un-ak'-ku-rat-nes. n. s. Want of exactness : for this and unaccurate are cornmonlv used inaccurate and inaccuracy. Boyle. UNACCUSTOMED, fin-ak-kusMum'd. a. Not used 3 not habituated. Jer. xxxi. New j not usual. Shakspeare. UNACKNOWLEDGED, fin-ak-n6l'-tfdj'd. 328, 359. a. Not owned. Clarendon. UNACQUA/INTANCE, fin-ak-kwan'-tanse. n. s. Want of familiarity j want of knowledge. South. UNACQUAINTED, un-ak-kwan'-t§d. a. Not known; unusual; not familiarly known. Spenser. Not having familiar knowledge. Hooker. UNACQUA'INTEDNESS* un-ak-kwant'-ed-nes. n. s. Unacquaintance. Winston. UNA'CTED*, nn-akt'-gd. a. Not performed; not put into execution. Sliakspeare. UN ACTIVE, un-ak'-tlv. a. Not brisk; not lively. Locke. Having no employment. Milton. Not busy ; not diligent. Milton. Having no efficacy. Milton. UNA'CTUATED, fin-ak'-tshu-a-ted. a. Not actua- ted. Glamrille. UNADMPRED, fin-ad-mlr'd'. 359. a. Not regarded with honour. Pope. UNADMO'NISHED*, fln-ad-mdn'-fsht. a. Not ad- monished ; not Cautioned beforehand. Milton. UNADORED, fin-a-d6r'd'. 359. a. Not worshipped.- Milton. UN ADO'RNED, un-a-dorn'd'. a. Not decorated ; not embellished. Milton. UNADVE NTUROUS, Gn-ad-ven'-tshur-fis. a. Not adventurous. Milton. UNADVFSABLE*, un-ad-vl'-za-bl. a. Not prudent : not to be advised. Lowth. UNADVFSED, un-ad-vlz'd'. 359. a. Imprudent; in- discreet. Sliak. Done without due thought ; rash. Shakspeare. UNADVISEDLY, Sn-ad-vl'-z^d-le. ad. Imprudent- ly ; rashly ; indiscreetly. Hooker. UNADVFSEDNESS*, un-ad-vi'-zed-nes. n. s. Im- prudence ; rashness. Min-or for Magistrates. UNADULTERATED fin-a-d&K-tiVate. ) UNADULTERATED, un-a-dul'-tur-a-ted. 359. \ a. Genuine ; not spoiled by spurious mixtures. Ad- dison. UNADULTERATELY*, fin-a-daF-tur-ate-le. ad. Without spurious mixtures. Dr. Gilberte. UNAFFE'CTED,. un-af-fek'-teM. a. Real ; not hypo- critical. Dryden. Free from affectation; open; candid; sincere. Addison. Not formed by too rigid observation of rules ; not laboured. Milton. Not moved ; not touched . as, He sat unaffected to hear the tragedy. UNAFFE'CTEDLY, fin-af-fekf-gd-le. ad. Really; without any attempt to produce false appearances. Locke. UNAFFE'CTING, un-af-fek'-ffng. 410. a. Not pa- thetick ; not moving the passions. Warton. UNAFFE'CTIONATE*, un-af-fek'-shun-ate. a. Wanting affection. Milton. UNAFFLPCTED, un-af-ffikt'-eU a. Free from trouble. Daniel. UNAGREEA BLE, fin-a-gre ; -a-bl. a. Inconsistent ; unsuitable. Hammond. UNAGREE'ABLENESS, nn-a-gre'-a-bl-nes. n. *. Unsuitableness to; inconsistency with. UNAPDABLE, fiii-i'-da-bl. a. Not to be helped Shakspeare. UNAPDED, fin-a'-ded. a. Not assisted; not helped. Blackmore. UNAPM1NG, tm-a'-ming. a. Having no particular direction. Gramnlle. UNA/KING, un-a'-kmg. a. Not feeling or causing pain. SJiakspeare. UNALA'RMED*, 6n-a-larmd\ a. Not disturbed. Coivper. UNALIENABLE, fln-ale'-yen-a-bl. 113. a. Not to be transferred. Swift. UNALLAYED, un-al-lade'. a. Not impaired by bad mixtures. Boyle. UNALLPED, fin-al-ll'd'. 283. a. Having no power- ful reiation. Young. Having no common nature 3 not congenial. Collier. UNALTERABLE, un-al'-ter-a-bl. a. Unchangea- ble ; immutable. South. UNALTERABLENESS, fin-alMfir-a-bl-nes. n. a. Immutability; unchangeableness. Woodward. UNALTERABLY, un4l''-tfir-a-ble. ad. Unchange- ably; immutably. Milton. UNALTERED, un-al'-tur'd. a. Not changed ; not changeable. Hooker. UNAMA'ZED, tjn-a-maz'd'. a. Not astonished 3 free from astonishment. Milton. UNAMBIGUOUS*, fin-am-big'-a-us. a. Clear; not to be mistaken ; unquestionable. Ld. Chesterfield. UNAMBPTIOUS, un-am-bish'-us. a. Free from ana bition. Pope. UNAME'NDABLE, un-a-mend'-a-bl. a. [inemenda bilis, Lat.] Not to be changed for the better. Pope UNA'MIABLE, un-a'-me-a-bl. a. Not raising love Addison. UNAMU'SED*, fin-a-mnz'd'. a. Wanting amuse- ment 3 without amusement. Young. UNANALO'GICAL*, fin-an-a-lSd'-je-kal. a. Not analogical. Jolmson. UNA'NALYSED, un-an'-al-iz'd. a. Not resolved into simple parts. Boyle. UNA NCHORED, un-ang'-k&rd. a. Not anchored. Pope. UNANELED, un-a-neeld'. a. [un and knell.] Not having received extreme unction. See ToAnele. Shakspeare. UNA'NIMATED, 6n-ar/-e-ma-ted. a. Not enliven- ed; not vivified. Dryden. UNANPMITY, yu-na-nW-e-te. n. s. hmanimite, Fr.l Agreement in design or opinion. Addison. UNANIMOUS §, yu-nan'-e-mas. a. [unanime, Fr. ; un/xnimis, Lat.] Being of one mind 3 agreeing in design or opinion. Muton. UNANIMOUSLY, yu-nan'-e-m&s-le. ad. With one mind. Addison. UNAN1MOUSNESS, yu-nan'-e-mus-nes. n. s. The state of being unanimous. UN ANOINTED t, un-a-nSm'-ted. a. Not anointed 3 not prepared for death by extreme unction. UNANSWERABLE, un-an'-sur-a-bl. a Not to be refuted. Raleigh. UNANSWERABLY un-an'-sur-a-ble. ad. Beyond confutation. South. UNANSWERED, un-an'-sfir'd. a. Not opposed by a reply. Milton. Not confuted. Hooker. Not suitably returned. Dryden. UNAPPALLED, fin-ap-pawl'd'. a. Not daunted 5 not impressed by fear. 'Sidney. UNAPPA'RELLED, fin-ap-par'-eld. a. Not dressed 3 not clothed. Bacon. UNAPPARENT, Sn-ap-pa'-rent. a. Obscure 5 not visible. Milton. UNAPPE'ALABLE*, fin-ap-pe'-la-bl. a. Not ad- mitting appeal. South. UNAPPEASABLE, un-ap-pe'-za-bl. a. Not to be pacified ; implacable. Raleigh. UNAPPE'ASED, on-ap-peezd'. a. Not pacified. Shakspeare. INAPPLICABLE, un-ap'-ple-ka-bl. a. Such as cannot be applied. Hammond. 957 UNA UNB IT? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— UNAPPLFED*, fin-ap-pllde'. a. Not specially ap- Slied ; not engaged. Bacon. APPREHENDED, fin-ap-pre-hgnd'-gd. a. Not understood. Hooker. UNAPPREHENSIBLE* fin-ap-pre-hen'-se-bl. a. Not capable of being - understood. South. UNAPPREHENSIVE, fin-ap-pre-hen'-s?v. a. Not intelligent ; not ready of conception. South. Not suspecting. UNAPPRFZED*, fin-ap-prlz'd'. a. Not informed; ignorant. Yonng. UNAPPROACHABLE*, fin-ap-pr6tsh'-a-bl. a. That may not be approached. Hammond. UNAPPROA'CHED, fin-ap-protsh' -U. 359. a. In- accessible. Midori. UNAPPROPRIATED*, fin-ap-pri'-pre-a-teU a. Having no particular application. Dr. Warton. UNAPPROVED, un-ap-prooVd'. 359. a. Not ap- proved. Milton. UN A'PT§, fin-apt', a. Dull; not apprehensive. Ba- con. Not ready; not prepense. Shak. Unfit; not qualified. Hooker. Improper; unfit; unsuit- able. UNAPTLY, fin-apt'-le. ad. Unfitly; improperly. Grew. UNA'PTNESS, fin-apt'-n£s. n. s. Unfitness ; unsuit- ableness. Spenser. Dulness; want of apprehen- sion. Sfiak. Unreadiness ; disqualification ; want of propension. Locke. UNARGUED, fin-ar'-gude. 359. a. Not disputed. Milton. Not censured. B. Jonson. To UNA'RM, fin-arm', v. a. To disarm ; to strip of armour ; to deprive of arms. Shakspeare. UNA'RMED, fin-arm'd'. 359. a. Having no armour; having no weapons. Shakspeare. UNARRA'IGNED^-ar-ran'd'. a. Not brought to a trial. Daniel. UNARRA'YED, fin-ar-rade'. a. Not dressed. Dry- den. UNARRFVED*, fin-ar-rlv'd'. a. Not yet arrived. Young. UNA'RTFUL, fin-art'-ffil. a. Having no art, or cun- ning. Congreve. Wanting skill. Cheune. UNATtTFULLY, fin-art'-ffil-le. ad. In an unartful manner. Swift. UNARTIFFCIALLY, fin-ar-te-fish'-al-le. ad. Con- trarily to art. Derham. UNA SKED, fiu-askt'. a. Not courted by solicita- tion. Denham. Not sought by entreaty or care. Dryden. UNASPE'CTIVE*, fin-as-pek'-tlv. a. Not having a view to ; inattentive. Feltham. UNA SPIRATED*, fin-as'-pe-ra-teU a. Having no aspirate. Dr. Parr. UNASPFRING, fin-as-pl'-ring. a. Not ambitious. Rogers. UNASSAILABLE, fin-as-sa'-la-bl. a. Exempt from assault. Slia/cspeare. UNASSA'ILED, fin-as-sal'd'. a. Not attacked; not assaulted. Shakspeare. UNASSA YED, fin-as-sade'. a. Unattempted. Mil- ion. UNASSISTED, fin-as-s?s'-ted. a. Not helped. Ad- dison. UNASSFSTING, fin-as-s?s'-tlng. a. Giving no help. Dryden. UNASSU'MING, fin-as-sume'-Ing. a. Not arrogant. Thomson. L'NASSU'RED, fin-ash-ur'd'. 359. a. Not confident. Glanville. Not to be trusted. Spenser. UNATONABLE*, fin-a-t6'-na-bl. a. Not to be ap- peased ; not to be brought to concord. Milton. UNATO'NED, fin-a-uVd'. a. Not expiated. Rowe. UNATTACHED*, fin-at-tatsht'. a. Not arrested. Junius Not having any fixed interest : as, unat- tached to any party. UN ATT A IN ABLE, fin-at-ta'-na-bl. a. Not to be gained or obtained ; being out of reach. Dryden. LNATTA IN ABLENESS, fin-at-ta'-na-bl-nes. n. s. State of being out of reach Locke. UNATTE'MPTED,un-a< tem'-uM. a. Untried; not assj -ed. Sidney. \] UNATTENDED, fin-at-ten'-dgd. a. Having no retinue, or attendants. Milton. Having no follow ers. Dryden. Unaccompanied: forsaken. Shak. UNATTENDING, fin-at-tend'-W. a. Not attend ing. Milton. UNATTE'NTIVE, fin-at-teV-tlv. a. Not regarding Gov. of the Tongue. UNATTESTED*, fin-at-tgst'-Sd. a. Without wit ness ; wanting attestation. Barrow. UNATTRA'CTED* fin-at-trak'-tdd. a. Not unde, the power of attraction; freed from attraction Thomson. UNAUTHENTICK* fin-aw-Z/ien'-t?k. a. Not au thentick ; not genuine ; not warranted. Warton. UNAUTHORIZED, fin-aw'-j.'ifir-iz'd. a. Not sup- ported by authority ; not properly commissioned Shakspeare. UNAVAILABLE, fin-a-va'-la-bl. a. Useless; vain with respect to any purpose. Hooker. UN AVAIL ABLENESS*. fin-a-va'-la-bl-ngs. n. s. Uselessness. Sir E. Sandys. UNAVAILING, fin-a-va'-llng. 410. a. Useless ; vain. Dryden. UNAVENGED* -In-a-venj'd'. a. Not avenged; unrevenged. Milton. UNAVOIDABLE, :ernment of the Tongue UNBO'UNDEDNESS,fin-b6find'-&l-iie , s. n.s. Ex emption from limits. Cheyne. UNBO'UNTEOUS*, un-b6un'-tshe-us. a. Not kind, not liberal. Milton. To UNBO'W*, un-b6/. v. a. To unbend. Fuller.. 959 UNC UNC ttJ" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mk 5 — pine, pin ; — UNBO'WED, fin-b6de'. a. Not bent. Shakspeare. To UNBQ'WEL, fin-bo&'-el v. a. To exenterate ; to eviscerate. Hakewill. To UNBRA'CE, fin-brase'. v. a. To loose; to relax. Spenser. To make the clothes loose. Shakspeare. To UNBRE'AST* un-br&t'. v. a. To lay open ; to uncover. P. Fletcher. JNBRE'ATHED, fin-bre-TH'd'. a. Not exercised. Shakspeare. UNBRE'ATHING, fin-breTH'-mg. a. Unanimated. Shakspeare. UNBRE'D, fin-br^d'. a. Not instructed in civility ; ill educated. Oov. of the Tongue. Not taught. Dryden.. UNBREE'CHED, fin-brltsht'. 359. a. Having no breeches. Shak. Loosed from the breechings. See Breeching. Pennant. UNBRE'WED*, fin-brfiod'. a. Not mixed; pure; genuine. Young. UNBRFBABLE*, fin-brl'-ba-bl. a. Not to be bribed. Feltham. UNBRFBED, fin-brlb'd'. a. Not influenced by money or gifts ; not hired. Dryden. UNBRFDLED, un-brF-dl'd. 359. a. Licentious; not restrained. Shakspeare. UNBRO'KE, fin-broke'. ) a. [unftebnocen, Sax.] UNBROREN^n-brd'-k'n. $ Not violated. Shak. Not subdued ; not weakened. Dryden. Not tamed. Addison. UNBROTHERLIKE, fin-bruTH'-ur-llke. ) a. Ill UNBRO'THERLY, fin-bruTH'-fir-le. $ suiting with the character of a brother. Bacon. UNBRUISED, fin-bruz'd'. a. Not bruised; not hurt. Shakspeare. To UNBUCKLE, fin-buk'-kl. v. a. To loose from buckles. Slmkspeare. To UNBUFLD, fin-bfld'. v. a. To raze ; to destroy. Shakspeare. UNBUFLT, fin-bflt'. a. Not yet erected. Dryden. UN BURIED, fin-ber'-rfd. 282. a. Not interred ; not honoured with the rites of funeral. Slmkspeare. UNBURNED, fin-burn'd'. ) 359. a. Not consumed ; UNBU'RNT, Sn-bfirnt'. ] not wasted; not injured by fire. Dryden. Not heated with fire. Bacon. UNBURNING, un-bfirn'-fng. a. Not consuming by heat. Digby. To UNBURTHEN, un-bur'-THen. v. a. To rid of a load. Shak. To throw off". Shak. To disclose what lies heavy on the mind. Shakspeare. UNBU'SIED*, fin-blz'-zld. a. Not employed ; idle. Bp. Rainbow. To UNBUTTON, fin-bfit'-t'n. v. a. To loose any thing builoned. SJiakspeare. UNCA'GED*, fin-kadj'd'. a. Released as from a cage. Fanslmwe. UNCARCINED^n-kal'-slnd. a. Free from calcina- tion. Boyle. UNCA'LLED, fin-kawld'. a. Not summoned ; not sent for ; not demanded. Sidney. To UNC ARM, fin-kam'. v. a. To disturb. Dryden. UNCANCELLED, un-kan'-slld. 99. a. Not erased ; not abrogated. Dryden. UNCANDTD*, fin-kan'-dld. a. Void of tandour. Mason. UNCANONICAL Sn-ka-n&n'-e-kal. a. Not agree- able to the canons. Barrow. UN CANO'NIC ALNESS*, un-ka-n6n'-e-kal-nes. n.s. State of being uncanonical. Bp. Lloyd. UNCANOPIED*, fin-kan'-o-pfd. a. Having no can- opy or covering. Browne. UNC AT ABLE, fin-ka'-pa-bl. a. [incapable, Fr.; in- capax, Lat.] Not capable ; not susceptible. Now more frequently incapable. Shakspeare. UNC ARED for, fin-kar'd'-for. a. Not regarded; not attended to. Hooker. UNCA / RNATE,fin-kar / -nat.91.a.Notfleshly.BroM;«. To UNCA'SE, fin-kase'. v. a. To disengage from any covering. Sliak. To flay ; to strip. Spenser. UNCATJGHT, fin-kawt'. a. Not yet catched. Shak. LNCA'USED, fin-kawz'd'. a. Having no precedent cause. Young. UNCA'UTIOUS Sn-kaw'-shfis. a. Not wary ; heed- less. Dryden. UNCE'ASING* fin-se'-slng. a. Continual. Johnson. UNCELEBRATED, fin-seT-e-bra-teU a. Not sol emnized. Milton. UNCELF/STIAL*, fin-se-les'-tsh5l. a. Not partak ing of the qualities of heaven; opposite to what is heavenly; hellish. Feltham. UNCENSURED, fin-sen'-shurd. a. Exempt from publick reproach. Addison. UNCEREMONIOUS*, fin-ser-e-mo'-ne-us. a. Not attended with ceremony; plain. Blackwall. UNCERTAIN, fin-seV-dn. 208. a. [incertain, Fr. , incertus, Lat.] Doubtful ; not certainly known. Den ham. Doubtful; not having certain knowledge Tillotson. Not sure in the consequence. Shak. Not exact ; not sure. Dryden. Unsettled 3 unregu- lar. Hooker. UNCERTAINED, fin-ser'-tfn'd. a. Made uncer- tain. Raleigh. Oh. J. UNCERTAINLY, un-ser'-tm-le, ad. Not surely ; not certainly. Dryden. Not confidently. Denham. UNCERTAINTY, un-scV-thi-te. n.s. Dubiousness, want of knowledge. Denham. Inaccuracy. Locke, Contingency; want of certainty. South. Some- thing unknown. & Estrange. UNCE'SSANT* fin-seV-sant. a. Continual : we now say incessant. Mor-e. UNCE'SSANTLY*, fin-ses'-sant-le. ad. Continu- ally. Smith. To UN CHARS, fin-tshane'. v. a. To free from chains Prior. UNCHANGEABLE, fin-tshan'-ja-bl. a. Immutable, not subject to variation. Hooker. UNCHANGED, fin-tshanjW. 359. a. Not altered Bp. Taylor. Not alterable. Dryden. UNCH A'NGE ABLENESS, fin-tshar'-ja-bl-ngs. «.«. Immutability. Newton. UNCHANGEABLY, fin-tshan'-ja-ble. ad. Immuta- bly; without change. South. UNCHANGING, fin-tshan'-jmg. a. Suffering no al- teration. Shakspeare. To UNCHARGE, fta-tsharje'. v. a. To retract an accusation. Shakspeare. UNCHARITABLE, fin-tshar'-e-ta-bl. a. Contrary to charity ; contrary to the universal love prescrib- ed by Christianity. Denfiam. UNCH ARIT ABLENESS, fin-tshar'-e-ta-bl-nfo n. s. Want of charitv. Government of the Tongue. UNCHARITABLY, fin-tshar'-e-ta-ble. ad. In a manner contrarv to charity. Spenser. To UNCHARM*, un-tsharm'. v. a. To release from some secret power. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNCHARMING*, un-tsharm'-lng. a. No longer able to charm. Dryden. UNCHARY,fin-tsha'-re. a. Not wary; not cautious; not frugal. Shakspeare. UNCHASTE, un-tshaste'. a. Lewd; libidinous; not continent ; not chaste ; not pure. Sidney. UNCHASTFSABLE*, fin-ishas-tl'-za-bl. a. Not to be chastised. Milton. UNCHASTFSED*, fin-tshas-tlz'd'. a. Not punished Thomson. Not restrained; unawed. Tickell. UNCHA'STITY, fin-tshas'-te-te. 530. n. s. Lewd ness ; incontinence. Woodward. UNCHECKED, fin-tshgkt'. 359. a. Unrestrained ; not hindered. Milton. Not contradicted. Shak. UNCHEERFUL*, fin-tsheV-ful. a. Sad; gloomy; melancholy. Shakspeare. UNCHEERFULNESS, fin-tsheV-ffil-nes. [See Cheerful.] n. s. Melancholy; gloominess of tern per. Addison. UNCHEERY*, fln-tsheer'-e. a. Dull 3 not enliven ing. Sterne. UNCHE'WED, fin-tshude'. 359. a. Not masticated. Dryden. To UNCHFLD, fin-tshlld'. v. a. To deprive of chil dren. Shak. To render unworthy of the name and character of a child. Bp. Hall. UNCHRI STIAN, un-kris'-tshan. 464. a. [uncpi r - fcene, Sax.] Contrary to the laws of Christianity, South. Unconverted; infidel. Hooker. To UNCHRI'STIAN*. tin-krfs'-tshan. v. a. To de prive of the constituent qualities of a Christian. South UNC UNC — n6, m6ve, n6r, u6t ; — tube, tab, ball ;—M ; — p6und ; — thin, THis. UNCHRFSTIANLY*, un-krTs'-tshan-le. a. Contra- ry to the laws of Christianity. Milton. UNCHRFSTIANLY*, tin-krls'-tshan-le. ad. In a manner contrary to the laws of Christianity. Bp. Bedell. UNCHRFSTIANNESS, un-kr?s'-tshan-nes. «. s. Contrariety to Christianity. K. Charles. To UNCHU'RCH*, un-tshartsh'. v. a. To deprive of the character and rights of a church; to expel from a church. South. U'NCIAL*, fin'-shal. a. [iincialis, Lat.] Belonging to letters of a large size, used in ancient manu- scripts. The term was introduced by those who have treated of ancient writings, to' distinguish those manuscripts, which are written in large round characters, from those written in pure capitals. Astle. U'NCIAL*, \W-shal. n. s. An uncial letter. Astle. UNCFRCUMCISED, un-ser'-kum-slz'd. a. Not cir- cumcised ; not a Jew. Coivley. UNCIRCUMCFSION, on-ser-kum-slzh'-un. n. s. Omission of circumcision. Hammond. UNCFRCUMSCRIBED, un-ser'-kum-skrlb'd. a. Unbounded ; unlimited. Milton. UNCFRCUMSPECT, un-seV-kum-spgkt. a. Not cautious; not vigilant. Hayward. UNCIRCUMSTA'NTIAL, an-sgr-kum-stan'-shal. a. Unimportant. Brown. UNCFVIL, un-slv'-fl. a. [inciml, Fr. ; incivdlis, Lat.] Unpolite ; not agreeable to rules of elegance, or complaisance. Whiigift. UNCIVILIZED, un-slv'-u-lz'd. a. Not reclaimed from barbarity. Pope. Coarse ; indecent. Addi- son. UNCIVILLY, un-sIvMl-le. ad. Unpolitely; not com- plaisantly. Brown. NCLA'IM UNCLAIMED* fin-klanrd'. a. Not claimed ; not de- manded. Johnson. UNCLA'RIFIED, un-klar'-e-flde. 232. a. Not purg- ed ; not purified. Bacon. To UNCLA'SP, un-klasp'. v. a. To open what is shut with clasps. Shakspeare. UNCL A'SSICAL*. fin-klas'-se-kal. ? a. Not classick. UNCLA'SSICK,un-klas'-sik. \ Pope- U'NCLE, Sng'-kl. 405, 408. n. s. [oncle, Fr.] The brother of one's father or mother. Sluxkspeare. UNCLE' AN, fin-klene'. a. [unclaene, Sax.] Foul ; dirty; filthy. Dryden. Not purified by ritual prac- tices. Foul with sin. Milton. Lewd; unchaste. Shakspeare. UNCLE/ANLINESS, an-klenMe-nes. n.s. Want of cleanliness. Clarendon. UNCLE'ANLY, un-klenMe. a. Foul ; filthy ; nasty. Shakspeare. Indecent; unchaste. Watts. UNCLE'ANNESS^n-klene'-nes.n. s. [unclsenerre. Sax.] Lewdness ; incontinence. Gravnt. Want of cleanliness; nasliness. Bp. Taylor. Sin; wick- edness. Ezelc. xxxvic Want of ritual purity. UNCLE' ANSED. un-klenz'd'. a. Not cleansed. Ba- con. To UNCLENCH, un-klensh'. v. a. To open the closed hand. Garth. To UNCLE'W, un-klu'. v. a. To undo. Shakspeare. UNCLFPPED, un-kl?pt'. 359. a. Whole; not cut. Locke. To UNCLQ'THE, fin-kloTHe'. v. a. To strip ; to make naked. Raleigh. To UNCLO'G, an-klog 7 . v. a. To disencumber ; to exonerate. Shak. To set at liberty. Dryden. To UNCLO'ISTER, an-klois'-tar. v. a. To set at large. Norris. To UNCLOSE, un-kldze'. v. a. To open. Pope. UNCLO'SED un-kloz'd'. a. Not separated by en- closures. Clarendon. To UNCLO'UD*, an-kl6ud'. v. a. To unveil ; to clear from obscurity. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNCLO'UDED, un-kl6u'-ded. a. Free from clouds; clear from obscurity ; not darkened. Milton. UNCLO'UDEDNESS,un-kl6a'-ded-nes. n.s. Open- ness; freedom from gloom. Boyle. UNCLO'UDY, un-klou'-de. a. Free from a cloud. Gay. To UNCLU'TCH, un-klfitsh'. v. a. To open. De cay of Cliristian Piety. To UNCO'IF, an-K6iP. [See To Quoit.] v. a. To pull the cap off". Arbuthnot. UNCOTFED*, an-k6ift/. a. Not wearing a coif Young. To UNCO IL, un-k&u'. v. a. To open from being coiled or wrapped one part upon another. Derham UNCO'INED, un-kdfn'd'. 359. a. Not coined. Shak UNCOLLECTED, un-k61-lek'-ted. a. Not collect- ed ; not recollected. Prior. Not collected or brought together. Thomson. UNCO'LOURED, un-kulMfird. a. Not stained with any colour-, or die. Bacon. UNCO'MBED, un-kc-m'd'. 359. a. Not parted or ad- justed bv the comb. Spenser. UNCO'MEATABLE, un-kam-at'-a-bl. a. Inaccessi- ble; unattainable : a low, corrupt word. Taller. UNCO'MELINESS, un-kvW-le-nes. n. s. Want of grace ; want of beauty. Spenser. UNCO'MELY, un-kum'-le. a. Not comely ; wanting grace. Sidney. UNCO'MFORTABLE, un-kum'-fur-ta-bl. a. Afford- ing no comfort; gloomy; dismal ; miserable. Hook- er. Receiving no comfort; melancholy. UNCO'MFORTABLENESS, an-kum'-f&r-ta-bl- nes. n.s. Want of cheerfulness. Bp. Tai,lor. UNCO'MFORTABLY^n-kam'-fur-ta-ble^rf.With- out cheerfulness; without comfort. Drayton. UNCOMMA'NDED, un-kom-man'-ded. 79. a. Not commanded. South. UNCOMME'NDABLE*, un-k&nV-men-da-bl, or an-k&m-men / -da-bl. [See Commendable.] a. B- laudable ; unworthy of commendation. Feltham. UNCOMME'NDED*, un-k&m-mend'-ed. a. Not commended. Waller. UNCOMMITTED*, an-kom-nnY-ted. a. Not com- mitted. Hammond. UNCO'MMON, un-kom'-man. a. Not frequent ; rare ; not often found or known. Addison. UNCOMMONLY, un-kom'-m&n-le. ad. Not fre- quently ; to an uncommon degree. UNCO'JYLMONNESS, un-kom'-mun-nes. n.s. Infre- quency ; rareness ; rarity. Addison. UNCOMMU'NICATED, un-kom-mu'-ne-ka-tSd. a. Not communicated. Hooker. UNCOMMUNICATIVE*, un-k6m-ma'-ne-ka-t?v. a. Not communicative ; close. Lord Chesterfield. UNCOMPA'CT, un-kom-pakt'. ? a.Notcom- UNCOMPA'CTED^an-kdm-pakt'-Sd. $ pact; not firm ; not closely adhering. Feltham. UNCO'MPANIEF^un-kuny-pa-nR 104. a. Having no companion. Fair/ax. UNCOMPASSIONATE, un-k&m-pash'-on-ate. a Having no pity. Shakspeare. UNCOMPELLABLE*, un-k&m-pel'-la-bl. a. Not to be forced. Feltham. UNCOMPE'LLED, un-kom-pell'd'. a. Free from compulsion. Boyle. UNCOMPLAISA'NT, un-k&m-pla-zant'. a. Not civil; not obliging. Loctie. UNCOMPLAISA NTLY*, an-kom-pla-zant'-le. ad "With want of complaisance. Blackstone. UNCOMPLETE, un-kom-plete'. )a. Not per- UNCOMPLE'TED^un-kom-ple'-ted. $ feet; not finished. Feltham. UNCOMPLYING*, fin-k6m-pll / -?ng. a. Not yield ing ; unbending ; not obsequious. Lovith. UNCOMPO'UNDED, un-kom-pdund'-eM. a. Sim pie; not mixed. Newton. Simple; not intricate. Hammond. UNCOMPO'MNDEDNESS*, ur.-k&m-pSund'-ed n^s. n. s. Purcness ; simplicity. Hammond. UNCOMPREHE'NSIVE, uu-kom-pre-hen'-slv. a Unaole to comprehend. South. UNCOMPRE'SSED, an-kom-pr^st'. 104. a. Free from compression. Boyle. UNCONCEIVABLE, un-kon-se'-va-Dl. a. Not to be understood; not to be comprehended by the mind. Locke. UNCONCE'IVABLENESS, an-kon-se'-va-bl-nS* ft. s. Incomprehensibility. Locke. UNO UNC ttJ" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin: UNCONCETVED, fln-kon-sevd'. 140. a. Not thought ; not imagined. Creech. UNCONCERN, un-kon-sern', n. s. Negligence ; want of interest ; freedom from anxiety; freedom from perturbation. Swift. UNCONCERNED, un-kSn-sernd'. 104. a. Having no interest. Bp. Taylor. Not anxious; not dis- turbed ; not affected. Milton. UNCONCERNEDLY, un-k6n-ser'-ngd-le. 364. ad. Without interest or affection ; without anxiety ; without perturbation. Denham. UNCONCERNEDNESS, fin-k6n-sernd'-nes. n. s. Freedom from anxietv, or perturbation. South. UN CONCERNING, un-k6n-seV-n?ng. a. Not in- teresting; not affecting; not belonging to one. Decay of Christian Piety. UNCONCERNMENT^n-kdn-seni'-ment. n.s. The state of having no share. South. UNCONCLU'DENT, un-k6n-kiu'-dent. ?a. Notde- UNCONCLU'DING, un-k6n-khY-dbg. \ cisive ; inferring no plain or certain conclusion or conse- quence. Hah: UNCONCLULIBLE*, un-k&n-klu'-de-bl. a. Not determinable. More. UNCONCLU'DINGNESS, un-k6n-klu'-d?ng-nes. n.s. Quality of being unconcluding. Boyle. UNCONCLU'SIVE*, un-kon-klu'-sfv. a. Not deci- sive ; not regularly consequential. Hammond. UNCONCOCTED, fin-k&n-kdkt'-Sd. a. Not digest- ed ; not matured. Brown. UNCONDEMNNED, fin-k&n-demd'. a. Not con- demned. Locke. UNCONDITIONAL, un-k6n-d?sh'-un-al. a. Abso- lute ; not limited by anv terms. Dryden. UNCON DURING*, fin-k&n-dft'-slng. a. Not leading to. Phillips. UNCONDU'CTED*, un-k&n-dukt'-ed. a. Not led ; not guided. Barrow. UNCONFINABLE, fin-kdn-f I'-na-bl.a. Unbounded. Shakspeare. UNCONF1NED, un-k6n-flnd'. a. Free from re- straint. Shakspeare. Having no limits ; unbound- ed. Spectator. UNCONFINEDLY*, un-k6n-f I'-n^d-le. ad. With- out limitation ; without confinement. Barrow. UNCONFIRMED, un-kon-feYmd' a. Not fortified by resolution ; not strengthened ; raw ; weak. Daniel. Not strengthened by additional testimony. Milton. Not settled in the church by the rite of confirmation. UNCONFO RM, un-k6n-fSrm'. a. Unlike ; dissimi- lar ; not analogous. Milton. UNCONFORMABLE, un-k&n-f6r'-ma-bl. a. In- consistent ; not conforming. Hooker. UNCONFORMITY, un-kun-for'-me-te. n.s. In- congruity ; inconsistency. South. UNCONF'U'SED, un-kon-fuzd'. a. Distinct ; free from confusion. Hah. UNCONFU'SEDLY, un-k6n-fu'-zgd-le. ad. With- out confusion. Locke. UNCONFUTABLE, un-kon-ftV-ta-b!. a. Irrefraga- ble ; not to be convicted of errour. Sprat. UNCONGE'ALED, un^n-jeeld'. a. Not concreted by cold. Brown. UNCONJUGAL, Cm-kSn'-ju-gal. a. Not consistent with matrimonial faith ; not befitting a wife or hus- band. Milton. UNCONNECTED, ftn-k6n-nekt'-ecl. a. Not cohe- rent; not joined by proper transitions or depend- ence of parts; lax; loose; vague. Watts. UNCONNFVING, un-k6n-nl'-virng. a. Not forbear- ing penal notice. Milton. UNCONQUERABLE, un-kong'-kfir-a-bl. 415. a. Not to be subdued ; insuperable ; not to be over- come ; invincible. Dryden. UNCONQUERABLY, un-k&ng'-kur-a-b!e. ad. In- vincibly; insuperably. Pope. UNCONQUERED, ur.-kong'-kurd. a. Not subdu- ed ; not overcome. Denham. Insuperable ; invin- cible. Sidney. UNCONSCIONABLE, un-k6n'-shun-a-bl. a. Ex- ceeding the limits of any just claim or expectation. L' Estrange. Forming unreasonable expectations. Dryden. Enormous; vast. Milton. Not guided or influenced by conscience. South. UN CONSCION ABLENESS, un-k&n'-shan-a-bl nes. n. s. Unreasonableness of hope or claim. UNCONSCIONABLY, un-kon^shfin-a-ble. ad. Unreasonably. Hudibras. UNCONSCIOUS, un-k6n'-shfis. a. Having no men- tal perception. Blackmore. Unacquainted ; un- knowing. Pope. To UNCONSECRATE, un-k6n'-se-krate. v. a. To render not sacred ; to desecrate. South. UNCONSENTED, un-k&n-sent'-Sd. a. Not yielded Wake. UNCQNSENTING* un-k&n-sgntMng. a. Not yiela ing. Pope. UNCONSIDERED, fin-kon-sfd'-fird. a. Notconsid ered ; not attended to. Shakspeare. UNCONSONANT, un-k6n'-s6-nant. a. Incongru ous ; unfit ; inconsistent. Hooker. UNCONSPIRIN GNESS*, un-k&n-spl'-rf ng-nes. n.s. Absence of plot or conspiracy. Boyle. UNCONSTANT,un-kon'-stant. a. [inconstant, Fr. ; inconstans, Lat.] Fickle ; not steady ; changeable ; mutable. Slmkspeare. UNCONSTRAINED, un-k6n-strand'. a. Free from compulsion. Shakspeare. UNCONSTRA'INEDLY, un-k6n-stran'-ed-le. ad. Without force suffered. South. UNCONSTRALNT, un-k6n-strant'. n. s. Freedom from constraint ; ease. Felton. UN CONSULTING, un-kon-sftlt'-fng. a. [incons?d tus, Lat.] Heady j rash 5 improvident ; imprudent Sidney. UNCONSU'MED, 6n-k6n-sumd'. a. Not wasted; not destroyed by any wasting power. Milton. UNCONSU'MMATE, un-kdn-sfim'-mate. a. Not consummated. Dryden. UNCONTF/MNED, un-k&n-temd'. a. Not despised Shakspeare. UNCONTENDED*, un-kon-tend'-eU a. Not cou tended for ; not contested. Dryden. UNCONTENTED, &n-k6n-tent'-eU a. Not content- ed ; not satisfied. UNCONTENTINGNESS, un-k&n-teM'-ing-nes. n. s. Want of power to satisfy. Boyle. UNCONTESTABLE, un-kdn-tes'-ta-bl. a. Indis- putable ; not controvertible. Locke. UNCONTESTED, fin-kdn-tgst'-eU a. Not disputed evident. Blackmore. UNCONTRADICTED*, fin-kon-tra-dfkt'-eU a Not contradicted. Pearson. UNCONTRITE, un-k&n'-trlte. a. Not religiously penitent. Hammond. UNCONTROLLABLE, un-k&n-tr6'-la-bl. a. Re- sistless ; powerful beyond opposition. Milton. In disputable ; irrefragable. Hayward. UNCONTROLLABLY, un-kSn-tr6Ma-ble. ad Without possibility of opposition. Without dan ger of refutation. Brown. UNCONTROLLED, un-k&n-tr6ld'. a. Unresisted unopposed ; not to be overruled. Milton. Not con vinced ; not refuted. Hayward. UNCONTROLLED LY, un-kon-tro'-lgd-le. ad Without control; without opposition. Decay of Christian Piety. UNCONTROVERTED, un-k&n'-tr6-ve'rt-gd. a Not disputed ; not liable to debate. Glanvilh. UNCONVERSABLE, un-k6n-ver'-sa-bl. a. Not suitable to conversation ; not social. Scoit. UN CONVERSANT*, un-kon'-ver-sant. a. Not fa- miliar ; not acquainted with. Madox. UNCONVERTED, fin-kon-vSrt'-ed. a. Not per suaded of the truth of Christianity. Hooker. Not religious ; not yet induced to live a holy life. Bax ter. UNCONVINCED, un-kon-v?nst'. a. Not convinced. To UNCO RD, fin-kSrd'. v. a. To loose a thing bound with cords. UNCORRECTED, un-k&r-rekt'-ed. a. Inaccurate ; not polished to exactness. Dryden. v 962 UNC UND -no, move, n6r, n&t ;— tube, tiib, bull ; — 6?1 ;— pound ;— thin, THi That Integ- er. Not a. To loose dogs To set loose 5 to Single ; not unit- UNCO^RRIGIBLE*, un-k(V-re-je-bl. a. Incapable of being corrected ; depraved beyond correction : we now say incorrigible. Outred. UNCORRU'PT, fin-'k&r-rfipt'. a. Honest ; upright ; not tainted with wickedness ; not influenced by ini- quitous interest. UNCORRUPTED, cm-k6r-rupt'-eU a. Not vitiated ; not depraved. Roscommon. UNCORRUPTEDNESS*, an-k6r-r6pt'-ed-nes. n. s. State of being uncorrupted. Milton. UNCORRUPTIBLE* fln-kor-rup'-le-bl. a cannot be corrupted. Rom. i. UNCORRUTTNESS, un-k6r-rupt / -ne ! s. n.s rity; uprightness. Tit. ii. UNCO'UNSELLABLE, un-k6&n'-se1-la-bl. to be advised. Clarendon. UNCOUNTABLE, un-koiV-ta-bl. a. Innumerable Raleigh. UNCOUNTED* fin-k6ftn'-teU a. Not numbered not counted. Shakspeare. UNCO'UNTERFEIT,un-k6un'-ter-f?t. a. Genuine: not spurious. Sprat. To UNCOUPLE, un-kiV-pl. v from their couples. Shakspeare. disjoin. Dryden. UNCOUPLED*, nn-kup'-pld. a. ed ; not wedded. Milton. UNCOURTEOUS, fin-kur'-tshe-us. a. Uncivil ; un polite. Sidney. UNCOURTEOUSLY, un-k&r'-tshe-us-le. ad. Un civilly; unpolitely. Ascham. UNCOTJRTLINESS, un-k6rt'-le-n§s. n. s. Unsuit ableness of manners to a court ; inelegance. Addi son. UNCOURTLY, fin-kdrt'-le. a. Inelegant of man- 1 ners ; uncivil ; coarse ; rustick. Habington. UNCOUTH, un-kofo,V. 315. a. [uncuS, Sax.] Odd;, strange ; unusual. Spenser. UNCOTJTHL Y, un-ko&A'-le. ad. [uncuSlice, Sax.] j Oddly ; strangely. Dryden. UNCO'UTHNESS, un-ko6tfi'-nes. n.s. Oddness ; strangeness. Decay of Christian Piety. To UNCOVER, fin-kuv'-ur. v. a. To divest of a ' covering. Harvey. To deprive of clothes. Shak. To strip of the roof. Prior. To show openly ; to strip of a veil or concealment. Milton. To bare the head, as in the presence of a superiour. Shak. To UNCREA'TE, un-kre-ate'. v. a. To annihilate ; to reduce to nothing ; to deprive of existence. Ca- rew. UNCREATED, ftn-kre-a'-ted. a. Not yet created. Milton, [incree, Fr.] Not produced by creation. Blackmore. UNCRE'DIBLE* fin-kred'-e-bl. a. Not entitled to belief; incredible. Bacon. UNCRE'DITABLE*, un-kred'-e-ta-bl a. Not repu- table ; not in repute. Hammond. UNCRE'DITABLENESS,fin-kre^-e-ta-bl-nes.n.s. Want of reputation. Decay of Christian Piety. UNCRE'DITED*, un-krgdMt-ed. a. Not believed. Warner. UNCROTPED, fin-kropt'. 359. a. Not cropped ; not gathered. Milton. UNCROSSED, un-krost'. 359. a. Uncancelled. Shakspeare. UNCROWDED,un-krou / -ded.a. Not straitened by want of room. Addison. To UNCROWN, un-krfi&n'. v. a. To deprive of a crown; to deprive of sovereignty. Sliak. To pull off the crown. Dryden. U'NCTION, ungk'-sh&n. 408. n.s. [onction, Fr.] The act of anointing. Hooker. Unguent ; oint- ment. Dryden. The act of anointing medically. Arbuthnot.^ Any thing softening, or lenitive. Shak. The lite of anointing in the last hours. Hammond. Any thing that excites piety and devotion ; that which melts to devotion. UNCTUO'SITY, ongk-tslm-&s / -e-tc. n. s. Fatness ; oiiiness. Brown. UNCTUOUS §, ungk'-tshu-us. 408. a. [unctus ,Lnl.] Fat ; clammy ; oiiy. Shakspeare. $3= Thia word is aa frequently mispronounced as sump- tuous and presumptuous, and for the sama reason. We are apt to confound this termination with eous and ious, and to pronounce the word as if written ungk'shus. without attending to the u after the t, which makes so great a difference in the sound of thia word and its com- pounds. W. U'NCTUOUSNESS, fingk'-tshu-us-nes. n. s. Fat- ness ; oiiiness ; clamminess ; grea9iness. Boyle. UNCU CKOLDED, un-k&k'-uld-ed. a. Not made a cuckold. Sliakspeare. UNCU'LLED, un-kuld'. a. Not. gathered. Milton. UNCULPABLE, un-kfil'-pa-bl. a. Not blamable. Hooker. UNCULTIVATED, fin-k&l'-te-va-ted. a. [ijicultus, Lat.] Not cultivated; not improved by tillage. Dryden. Not instructed; not civilized. Roscom- mon. UNCU'MBERED.un-kum'-burd. a. Notburthened ; not embarrassed. Dryden. UNCU'RBABLE, un-kur'-ba-bl. a. That cannot be curbed, or checked. Shakspeare. Not used. UNCU'RBED, ftn-knrbd'. 359. a. Licentious 5 not restrained. Shaksveare. To UNCURL, un-kurl'. v. a. To loose from ring, lets, or convolutions. Dryden. To UNCU'RL, un-kurl'. v. n. To fall from the ring- lets. Shakspeare. UNCU'RLED, fin-kurld'. a. Not collected into ring- lets. Congreve. UNCU/RRENT, un-k&r'-rent. a. Not current; not passing in common payment. Sliakspeare. ToUNCURSE, un-kurse'. v. a. To free from any execration. Shakspeare. UNCU'RST, fin-kurst'. a. Not execrated. King Charles. UNCUT, im-kut'. a. Not cut. Waller. To UNDA'M, uu-dam'. v. a. To open ; to free from the restraint of mounds. Dryden. UNDA'MAGED, un-dam'-?djd. 90. a. Not made worse ; not impaired. Phillips. UNDA MPED, un-dampt'. a. Not depressed ; not de- jected. Thomson. UNDA'UNTABLE*, un-dan'-ta-bl. a. Not to be daunted. Harmar. UNDA'UNTED, un-dan'-ted. 214. a. Unsubdued by fear ; not depressed. Shakspeare. UNDAUNTEDLY, un-dan'-tgd-le, ad. Boldly; in trepidly ; without fear. South. UNDA'UNTEDNESS, un-dln'-ted-nes. n.s. Bold- ness ; bravery ; intrepidity. Atterbury. UNDA'WNING*, un-dW-lng. a. Not yet dawn ing ; not grown luminous j not illumined. Cow per. UNDA'ZZLED, un-daz'-zld. 359. a. Not dimmed or confused by splendour. Milton. To UNDE'AF, un-def . v. a. To free from deamess Shakspeare. UNDEBA'UCHED, un-de-bawtsht'. a. Not corrupt ed by debauchery ; pure. Bp. Hall. UNDE'CAGON, un-dek'-a-gdn. n. s. [undecim Lat., and ywvia, Gr.] A figure of eleven angles 01 sides. UNDECA'YED, un-de-kade'. a. Not liable to be di- minished, or impaired. Dryden. UNDECA'YING, un-de-ka'-fng. a. Not suffering diminution or declension. Blackmore. UNDECETVABLE, un-de-se'-va-bl. a. Not liable to deceive, or be deceived. Holder on Time. To UNDECEIVE, un-de-seve'. v. a. To set free from the influence of a fallacy. Roscommon. UNDECETVED, un-de-sevd'. a. Not cheated ; not imposed on. Dryden. UNDE'CENCY* un-de'-sen-se. n.s. Unbecoming- ness. Bp. Taylor. UNDE'CENT*, un-de'-sent. a. Not becoming. Bp\ Taylor. UNDE'CENTLY*, fin-de'-sent-le. ad. Not becom ingly. Abp. Laud. UNDECI'DABLE*, fin-de-sl'-da-bl. a. Not to be de- cided. South. UNDECFDED, un-de-sV-dSd. a. Not determine. I not settled. Hooker. 963 UND UND \TT 559. — Fate,, far, fall, fat 5 — me, m£t ; — pine, pm ; — To deprive of orna- UNDECFSIVE, un-de-sl'-siv. a. Not decisiv conclusive. Glanville. To UNDE'CK, fin-dek'. ments. Shakspeare. UNDE'CKED, un-dekt'. 359. a. Not adorned 5 not embellished. Milton. UNDERLINED, fin-de-klind'. a. Not grammatical- ly varied by termination. Bramston. Not devia- ting ; not turned from the right way. Sandys. UNDE'DICATED, un-d£d'-e-ka-tgd. a. Not conse- crated ; not devoted. Not inscribed to a patron. Boyle. UNDE'EDED^n-deed'-eU a. Not signalized by ac- tion. Shakspeare. UNDEFA'CED, un-de-faste'. a. Not deprived of its form ; not disfigured. Granville. UNDEFE'ASIBLE, un-de-fe'-ze-bl. a. Not defeasi- ble ; not to be vacated or annulled. UNDEFENDED*, fin-de-f end'-ed. a. Without de- fence ; easy to be assaulted ; exposed to assault. South. UNDEFFED, un-de-flde'. 282. a. Not set at defi- ance ; not challenged. Spenser. UNDEFFLED, fin-de-flld'. a. Not polluted; not vitiated ; not corrupted. Wisdom, iv. UNDEFFNABLE, un-de-fi'-na-bi. a. Not to be marked out, or circumscribed by a definition. Locke. UNDEFFNED, un-de-f Ind'. a. Not circumscribed, or explained by a definition. Locke. UNDEFLO'WERED*, fin-de-flou'-urd. a. Not viti- ated. Milton. UNDEFO'RMED, un-de-fSrmd'. a. Not deformed ; not disfigured. Pope. UNDELPBERATED, un-de-tiV-er-a-ted. a. Not carefully considered. Clarendon. UNDELPGHTED, un-de-ll'-ted. a. Not pleased ; not touched with pleasure. Milton. UNDELFGHTFUL, un-de-l'ite'-ful. a. Not giving pleasure. Clarendon. UN DEMOLISHED, un-de-mol'-isht. a. Not razed; not thrown down. Phillips. UNDEMONSTRABLE, un-de-m&n'-stra-bl. a. Not capable of fuller evidence. Hooker. UNDENFABLE, un-de-nl'-a-bl. a. Such as cannot be gainsaid. Sidney. UNDENFABLY, un-de-nr'-a-ble. ad. So plainly as to admit no contradiction. Hammond. UNDEPENDING*, un-de-pend'-mg. a. Indepen- dent. Milton. UNDEPLO'RED, un-de-pl6r'd'. a. Not lamented. Dryden. UNDEPRA'VED, un-de-prav'd'. a. Not corrupted. Glanville. UNDEPRFVED, fin-de-prrv'd'. a. Not divested by authority ; not stripped of any possession. Dryden. UNDER'§, iW-dur. 98. preposition, [undar, Goth. ; unbep, Sax. ; onder, Dutch.] In a state of subjec- tion to. Dryden. In the state of pupilage to. Den- ham. Beneath ; so as to be covered, or hidden ; not over ; not above. Bacon. Below in place ; not above : this is the sense of under sail ; that is, hav- ing the sails spread aloft. Sidney. In a less de- free than. Hooker. For less than. Ray. Less than ; elow. Collier. By the show of. Shak. With less than. Swift. In the state of inferiority to ; noting rank or order of precedence. Addison. In a state of being loaded with. SJiak. In a state of oppres- sion by, or subjection to. Tillotson. In a state in which one is seized or overborne. Pope. In a state of being liable to or limited by. Hooker. In a state of depression, or dejection by ; in a state of inferiority. Shak. In the state of bearing, or be- ing known by. Swift. In the state of. Swift. Not having reached or arrived to ; noting time. Spai- ser. Represented by. Addison. In a state of pro- tection. Collier. With respect to ; referred to. Felton. Attested by. Locke. Subjected to ; being the subject of. Burnet. In the next stage of subor- dination. Locke. In a state of relation that claims protect on. It is generally opposed to above, or UNDER*, fin'-dur. a. Inferiour ; subject 3 sutordi- nate. Clmpman. UNDER, un'-dur. 418. ad. In a state of subjection or inferiority. 2 Chron. xxviii. Below ; not above. Less : opposed to over or more. Addison. It is much used in composition, in several senses, which the following examples will explain. UNDERACTION, un-d5r4k'-shun. n. s. Subordi- nate action; action not essential to the main story Dryden. UNDERA'GENT* un-d&r-a'-jent. n. s. An agent subordinate to the principal agent. South. To UNDERBEA'R, un-dur-bare'. v. a. To support; to endure. Shak. To line ; to guard. Shuk. UNDERBEA'RER, un-dur-ba'-r&r. n. s. In fu- nerals, those that sustain the weight of the body, distinct from those who are bearers of ceremony, and only hold up the pall. To UNDERBFD, un-cl&r-bfd'. v. a. To offer for any thing less than it is worth. To UNDERBUY*, 6n-dur-bK v. a. To buy at less than it is worth. Beaumont and Fletclw.r. UNDERCLE'RK, un'-dur-klark. n. s. A clerk sub- ordinate to the principal clerk. Swift. UNDERCROFT*, un'-dur-kroft. n. s. A vault un- der the choir or chancel of a cathedral or other church ; also, any secret walk or vault under ground. Bullokar. To UNDERDO', un-dur-doo'. t>. n. To act below one's abilities. B. Jonson. To do less than is re- quisite. Grew. UNDERFA'CTION, fin-dur-fak'-shun. n. s. Subor- dinate faction ; subdivision of a faction. Decay of Chr. Piety. UNDERFE'LLOW, un'-dur-fel-l6. n. s. A mean man; a sorry wretch. Sidney. UNDERFFLLING, un-dfir-flF-llng. n. s. [tender and fill.'] Lower part of an edifice. Wutton. To UNDERFONG, fin-dur-fong'. v. a. [under, and pan^an, Sax.] To take in hand. Spenser. Ob. J. UNDERFOOT*, iV-dur-ffit. ad. Beneath. Milton, UNDERFOOT*, un'-dur-f&t. a. Low; base; ab- ject; down-trodden. Milton. To UNDERFURN1SH, un-dfir-fur'-nish. v. a. To suppi ' with less than enough. Collier. To UNDERGFRD, un-dur-gerd'. v. a. To bind below; to bind round the bottom. Acts, xxvii. To UNDERGO', un-dftr-g^. v. a. [unbep£an, Sax.] To suffer j to sustain ; to endure evil. Dry- den. Tc support ; to hazard. Shak. To sustain ; to be tbd bearer of; to possess. Shak. To sustain ; To c.dure without fainting. Shakspeare. To pass through. Burnet. To be subject to. Shakspeare. UNDERGRADUATE*, un-dur-grad'-u-ate. n. s. One who has not taken a degree at our universi- ties. Dean Prideaux. UNDERGROUND, un-d&r-gr6und'. n. s. Subter- raneous space. Shakspeare. UNDERGROWTH, un-dur-grotfi'. n. s. That which grows under the tall wood. Milton. UNDERHAND, un-d&r-hand'. ad. By means not apparent ; secretly. Hooker. Clandestinely ; with fraudulent secrecy. Sidney. UNDERHAND, un-ddr-hand'. a. Secret; clandes- tine ; sly. Shakspeare. UNDERFVED, un-de-rlv'd'. 104. a. Not borrowed. Locke. UNDERKEETER* fin-dur-keep'-ur. n. s. Any subordinate keeper. Gray. UNDERLA'BOURER, un'-d&r-la-b&r-ur. n.s. A subordinate workman. Wilkins. To UNDERLA'Y, un-dfir-la'. v. a. [unbeplecSan, Sax.] To strengthen by something laid under. UNDERLE'AF, un-dur-leef. n. s. A species of ap- ple. Mortimer. To UNDERLE'T*, un-dur-let'. v. a. To let beiow the value. Smollett. To UNDERLINE, un-dfir-Hne'. v. a. To mark with lines below the words. To influence secretly , Wotton. UNDERLING, un'-dfir-llng. 410. n. s. An infers our agent; a sorry, mean fellow. Sidney. UND UND 116, move, n6r, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull 5 — 6?1 ; — pfl&nd ; — thin, THis. UNDERMASTER* iV-dur-ma-stur. n. s. A ma- ster subordinate to the principal master. Lowth. UNDERMEAL*, un'-dur-meel. ?i.s. [unbepn,Sax., and meal.'] A repast after dinner. B. Jonson. To UNDERMINE, un-dur-mine'. v. a. [under and mine.] To dig- cavities under any thing; so that it may fall, or be blown up; to sap. Derham. To excavate under. Addison. To injure by clandes- tine means. Sidney. UNDERMINER, un-dur-ml'-nur. n. s. He that saps ; he that digs away the supports. Hales. A clan- destine enemy. Bacon. UNDERMOST, un'-dftr-mist. a. Lowest in place. Boyle. Lowest in state or condition. Addison. UNDERN*, un'-dern. n. s. [unbepn, Sax.] The third hour of the day, or nine of the clock. Chaucer. In Chaucer's time the third hour, or undern, was the usual hour of dinner. UNDERNEATH, fin-d&r-neTH'. ad. [compounded from under and neath, of which we still retain the comparative nether, but in adverbial sense use be- neath.] In the lower place 3 below ; under 3 be- neath. Milton. L'NDERNE ATH, un-dur-neTH'. 467. prep, [un- bepneoSan, Sax.] Under. Shakspeare. UNDEROFFICER^n-dur-ofMs-fir. n.s. An infe- riour officer; one in subordinate authority. AylUfe. UNDERO'GATORY, un-de-rog'-ga-t&r-e. a. Not derogatory. Boyle. UNDERPART, un'-dur-part. n.s. Subordinate or unessential part. Dry den. UNDERPE'TTICOAT, un-dur-pet'-te-k6te. n. s. The petticoat worn next the body. Spectator. To UNDERPIN, un-dur-pm'. v. a. [under zndpin.) To prop ; to support. Hale. UNDERPLOT, un'-dur-plot. n. s. A series of events proceeding collaterally with the main story of a play, and subservient to it. Dry den. A clan- destine scheme. Addison.. To UNDERPRAISE, un-d&r-praze'. t>. a. To praise below desert. Dryden. To UNDERPRFZE, un-dur-prW. v. a. To value at less than the worth. Shakspeare. To UNDERPROP, un-dur-prop'- "• «• To support ; to sustain. Slutkspeare. UN DERPROPORTIONED, fin-dur-pro-pdr'- shflu'd. a. Having too little proportion. Collier. UNDERPU'LLER, fin-dur-pui'-lur. n. s. Inferiour or subordinate puller. Collier. To UNDERRATE, fin-dur-rate'. v. a. To rate too low; to undervalue. Sir G. Buck. UNDERRATE, un'-dur-rate. 498. n. s. A price less than is usual. Cowley. To UNDERSAY, un-dur-sa'. v. n. To say by way of derogation or contradiction. Spenser. Ob. J. To UNDERSCORE* Gn-dur-skore'. v. a. To mark under. Dean Tucker. UNDE RSE'CRETARY, un'-diV-sek'-kre-ta-re. n.s. An inferiour or subordinate secretary. Burnet. To UNDERSELL, un-dur-sel'. v. 1. To defeat, by selling for less ; to sell cheaper than another. Child. UNDERSE'RVANT, un'-dfir-ser'-vant. n.s. A ser- vant of the lower class. Grew. To UNDERSET, un-d&r-seY. v. a. To prop ; to support. Bacon. UNDERSE'TTER, un-dur-seY-t&r. n. s. Prop ; ped- estal; support. 1 Kings, vii. UNDERSETTING, un-dur-seY-t?ng. 410. n. s. Lower part ; pedestal. Wolton. UNDERSHE'RIFF, un-dfir-sheV-?f. n. s. The dep- uty of the sheriff. Cleaveland. UNDERSHEKIFFRY,un-diV-sherMf-re.n.s.The business or office of an undersheriff. Bacon. UNDERSHO'T, un-d&r-shot'. part. a. [under and shoot.] Moved by water passing under it. Carew. UNDERSONG, fin'-d&r-s&ng. n. s. Chorus ; burthen of a song. Spenser. To UNDERSTAND §, un-dur-sttnd'. n. a. pret. and part. pass, understood ; formerly understanded. [un- oepj-fcanban, Sax.] To conceive with adequate ideas; to have full knowledge of; to comprehend ; to know. Milion. To know the meaning of 3 to be 63 able to interpret. Milton. To suppose to mean. 'Locke. To know by experience. Milion. To know by instinct. Milton. To interpret, at least mentally; to conceive with respect to meaning. Milton. To know another's meaning'. Milton. To hold in opinion with conviction. Milion. To mean without expressing. Milton. To know what is not express- ed. Milion. To UNDERSTAND, un-dfir-stand'. v. n. To have the use of intellectual faculties ; to be an intelligent or conscious being. Donne. To be informed by another. Neh. xiii. Not to be ignorant ; to have learned. Milton. UNDERSTANDABLE*, un-dur-stand'-a-bl. a Capable of being understood. Chillingicorlh. UNDERSTANDER*, un-dur-stand'-ur. n. s. One who understands or knows by experience. Beau- mont and Fletcher. UNDERSTANDING, un-dur-stan'-dlng. n. s. In- tellectual powers; faculties of the mind, especially those of knowledge and judgement. Isaiah. Skill; knowledge ; exact comprehension. Locke. Intel- ligence; terms of communication. Clarendon. UNDERSTANDING, un-dur-stan'-d'mg. a. Know- ing ; skilful. Addison. UNDERSTANDS GLY, un-dur-suW-dni£-le ad. With knowledge ; with skill. Beaum. and Fl. In- telligibly. Burton. UNDERSTOOD, un-dur-stud'. pret. and part. pass, of understand. UNDERSTRAPPER, un'-dur-strap-pur. n. s. [un- der and strap.] A petty fellow ; an inferiour agent Swift. UNDERTAKABLE*, un-dfir-uV-ka-bl. a. That may be undertaken. Chillingworih. To UNDERTAKE §, tk-dur-take'. v. a. pret. un- dertook ; participle pass, undertaken, [underfangen, Germ.] To attempt ; to engage in. ShaJc. To as sume a character. Slvik. To engage with 3 to at tack. Shak. To have the charge of. Sluikspeare. To UNDERTA'KE, un-dur-take'. v.n. To assume any business or province. Isa. xxxviii. To venture, to "hazard. Shak. To promise ; to stand bound to some condition. Woodward. UNDERTAKEN, un-d&r-uV-k'n. part, passive of undertake. UNDERTAKER, un-dfir-ta'-kur. 98. n. s. One who engages in projects and affairs. Clarendon. One who engages to build for another at a certain price. Swift. One who manages funerals. Young. UNDERTAKING, un-dur-ta'-kmg. n. s. Attempt; enterprise ; engagement. Raleigh. UNDERTENANT, un-dur-teV-ant. n. s. A sec- ondary tenant; one who holds from him that holds from the owner. Daries. UNDERTIME*, un'-dur-umc-. n. s. Undern-tide ; af- ter dinner ; in the evening. See Undern. Spenser. UNDERTOOK, un-dur-t6ok'. pret. of undertake. UNDERVALUATION, un-dur-val-u-i'-shun. n. s. Rate not equal to the worth. Wotton, To UNDERVALUE, un-dur-val'-u. v. a. To rate low; to esteem lightly; to treat as of little worth. Shak. To depress; to make low in estimation; to despise. Dryden. UNDERVALUE, un-dur-val'-u. 493. n. s. Low rate ; vile price. Temple. UNDERVA'LUER, jun-d&r-val'-u-ur. n. s. One who esteems lightl) 7 . Walton. UNDERWENT, un-dur-wenf. pret. of undergo. UNDERWOOD, un'-dur-wud. n. s. [under and ■wood.] The low trees that grow among the timber. Mortimer. UNDERWORK, un'-dur-wurk. 498. n. s. Subor- dinate business; petty affairs. Addison. To UNDERWORK, un-dur-wfirk'. v. a. pret. and part. pass, underworked, or underwr ought. To de- stroy by clandestine measures. Shak. To labour or polish less than enough. Dryden. To work at a price below the common. UNDERWO'RKMAN, un-dfir-wurk'-man. n. s An inferiour or subordinate labourer. Leslie. To UNDERWRITE, un-d&r-rlte'. v. a. [unbep 965 TTND UND IT 559.— File, f^r, fill, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin;— ppifcan Sax.] To write under something else. Sidney. UNDERWRITER, un-dfir-rl'-tfir n. s. An en- surer ; so called from writing his name under the conditions. UNDESCRFBEI), un-de-skrlb'd'. a. Not described. Hsoker. UNDESCRFED, fin-de-skrlde'. 382. a. Not seen ; unseen ; undiscovered. WoUaston. UNDESERVED, fin-de-zervd'. a. Not merited} not obtained by merit. Sidney. Not incurred by fault. Addison. UNDESERVEDLY, un-de-zer'-vgd-le. 364. ad. Without desert, whether of good or ill. Hooker. UNDESERVEDNESS*, un-de-zer'-vSd-nes. n. s. Want of being worthy. R. Newton. UNDESERVER, un-de-zer'-vfir. n. s. One of no merit. Shakspeare. UNDESERVING, fin-de-zeV-vlng. a. Not having merit; not having any worth. Addison Not merit- ing any particular advantage or hurt. Sidney. UNDESERVINGLY*, un-de-zer'-vfng-le. ad. Without meriting any particular harm or advan- tage. Milton. UNDESFGNED, nn-de-slnd'. 359. a. Not intended; not purposed. South. UNDESIGNEDLY*, fin-de-sl'-ned-le. ad. Without being designed. Bryant. UNDESFGNEDNESS*, fin-de-si'-ngd-nes. n. s. Want of a set purpose ; freedom from design ; ac- cidentalness. Paley. UNDESFGNING, fin-de-sl'-nmg. a. Not acting with any set purpose. Blackmore. Having no artful or fraudulent schemes ; sincere. South. UNDESIRABLE, fin-de-zl'-ra-bl. a. Not to be wished ; not pleasing. Milton. UNDESIRED, fin-de-zlrd'. 359. a. Not wished; not solicited. Dryden. UN DESIRING, un-de-zl'-ring. a. Negligent; not wishing. Dryden. UNDESPA'IRING*, fin-de-spa'-rmg. a. Not giving way to despair. Dyer. UNDESTRO'YABLE, fin-de-stroe'-a-bl. a. Inde- structible ; not susceptive of destruction. Boyle. Ob. J. UNDESTRO'YED, un-de-strSid'. 382. a. Not de- stroyed. Locke. UNDETERMINABLE, on-de-ter'-min-a-bl. a. Im- possible to be decided. Wotton. UNDETERMINATE, un-de-t^r'-mm-at. 91. a. Not settled ; not decided ; contingent : regularly, indeterminate. South. Not fixed. More. UN DETERMIN ATENESS, un-de-ter'-mln-at- ) nls. i UNDETERMINA'TION, un-de-ter-min-a'-shun. ) n.s. Uncertainty; indecision. Hale. The state of not being fixed, or invincibly directed. More. UNDETERMINED, un-de-ter'-mfnd. a. Unset- tled ; undecided. Locke. Not limited; not regu- lated ; not defined. Hale. UN DETECTING*, un-de-test'-ing^ a. Not detest- ing ; not holding in abhorrence. Thomson. UNDE'VIATING*, fln-de'-ve-a-tlng. a. Not depart- ing from the usual way; regular. Dr. Warton. Not erring ; not crooked. Cowper. UNDEVO'TED, un-de-vo'-ted. a. Not devoted. Clarendon. UNDEVO'UT*, un-de-vout'. a. Not devout; with- out devotion. Maundrell. UNDIA'PHANOUS, un-dl-af-fa-nus. 116. a. Not pellucid ; not transparent. Boyle. UNDFD, un-dld'. The preterit of undo. Roscom- mon. UNDIGESTED, fin-de-jest'-ed. a. Not concocted ; not subdued by the stomach. Arbuthnot. Not prop- erly disposed ; not reduced to order. Fanshawe. To UNDFGHT, un-dlte'. v. a. pret. and part. pass. undight. To put off. Spenser. UND1MFNISHABLE*, un-de-mfnMsh-a-bl. a. That may not be diminished. More. UND PUNISHED, un-de-nuV-isht. a. Not impair- ed, ate lessened. Milton. UNDFNTED, on-dlnt'-ed. a. Not impressed by a blow. Shakspeare. UNDFPPED, un-dlpt'. 359. a. Not dipped; not plunged. Dryden. UNDIRECTED, fin-de-rekt'-ed. a. Not directed. Spenser. UNDISCERNED, fin-dlz-zernd'. a. Not observed ; not discovered ; not descried. Brown. UNDISCERNEDLY, un-d?z-zer'-ngd-le. 364. sd So as to be undiscovered. Boyle. UNDISCERNIBLE, fin-diz-zern'-e-bl. a. Not to be discerned; invisible. Shakspeare. UNDISCERNIBLENESS*, ftn-diz-zera'-e-bl-nes. n. s. State or quality of being undiscernible. Ellis. UNDISCE'RNIBLY, un-dlz-zeW-e-ble. ad. Invisi- bly; imperceptibly. South. UNDISCERNING^n-dfz-zern'-ing. a. Injudicious ; incapable of making due distinction. Donne. UNDISCIPLINED, fin-dls'-slp-plind. a. Not subdu- ed to regularity and order. Bp. Taylor. Untaught ; uninstructed. King Charles. To UNDISCLOSE* un-dis-kkW. v. a. Not to dis- cover ; not to unfold. Daniel. UNDISCORDING, fin-d?s-k6rd'-ing. a. Not disa- greeing; not jarring in musick. Milton. UN DISCOVERABLE, un-dls-kuv'-fir-a-b]. a. Not to be found out. Rogers. UNDISCOVERED, un-dls-kuv'-ftrd. a. Not seen ; not descried ; not found out. Sidney. UNDISCRERT, un-dis-kreet'. a. Not wise ; impru- dent. Ecclus. xxvii. UNDISCRE'ETLY*, un-dls-kreetMe. ad. Improvi- dently; unwisely. Burton. UNDISGUISED, un-dls-gylz'd'. a. Open; artless; plain ; exposed to view. Dryden. UN DISHONOURED, un-dis-on'-mVd. a. Not dis- honoured. Shaksjjeare. UNDISMAYED, fin-dlz-made'. a. Not discouraged ; not depressed with fear. Milton. UNDISOBLFGING, un-dfs-6-blee'-j?ng. 111. a. In- offensive. Broome. UNDISPERSED, un-dls-perst'. a. Not scattered. Boyle. UNDISPOSED, un-dls^z'd'. a. Not bestowed. Swift. UNDISPU'TABLE*, Sn-dls'-pu-ta-bl, or un-dis- pu'-ta-bl. [See Disputable.] a. Not to be dis- puted. Whitlock. UNDISPUTED, an-dfs-pu'-ted. a. Incontrovertible ; evident. Dryden. UNDISSE MBLED, fin-dlz-zem'-bl'd. a. Openly declared. Warton. Honest; not feigned. Atter- bury. UNDISSE'MBLING*, un-dfz-zem'-btfng. a. Not dissembling ; never false. Thomson. UNDISSIPATED, fin-dis' -se-pa-ted. a. Not scat tered ; not dispersed. Boyle. UNDISSO'LVABLE, un-d?z-z6l'-va-bl. a. That cannot be dissolved, or melted. Greenhiil. That may not be loosed or broken. Rowe. UNDISSOLVED*, fin-diz-zolv'd'. a. Not melted Cowper. UNDISSOLVING, un-d?z-z6l'-v?ng. a. Never melt ing. Addison. UNDISTE'MPERED, un-d?s-tem'-pur'd. a. Free from disease. Free from perturbation. Temple. UN DISTINGUISH ABLE, un-dis-ting'-gw?sh-a-bl. a. Not to be distinctly seen. Shak. Not to be known by any peculiar property. Locke. UNDISTFN GUIS H ABLY*, un-dfs-ung'-gwish-a- ble. ad. Without distinction ; so as not to be known from each other ; so as not separately and plainly descried. Barrow. UNDISTINGUISHED, un-d?s-tmg'-gw?sht. 359. a. Not marked out so as to be known from each other. Dryden. Not to be seen otherwise than con- fusedly ; not separately and plainly descried. Dryden. Not plainly discerned. Swift. Admit- ting nothing between; having no intervenient space. Shak. Not marked by any particular property. Denham. Not treated with any particu- lar respect. Pope. H 966 UND UNE -n6, move, nSr, n&t;— tube, tub. bull ; — 6ll ;— po&nd ; — thin, THis. UNDISTFNGUISHING, ftn-dls-tlng'-gwish-ing. a Making no difference. Addison. UNDISTOR'TED*, &n-dfe-ldrt'-Sd, a. Not distorted j not perverted. More. UNDISTRA'CTED, fin-d?s-trak'-ted. a. Not per- plexed by contrariety of thoughts or desires. Boyle. UNDISTRA'CTEDLY, fin-d'is-trak'-ted-le. ad. Without disturbance from contrariety of sentiments. Boiile. UNDISTR A'CTEDNESS, fin-dls-tr&k'-te ! d-n£s. n.s. Freedom from interruption by different thoughts. Boyle. UNDlSTU'RBED.fin-dfe-tfirb'd'. a. Free from per- turbation ; calm ; tranquil ; placid. Milton. Not interrupted by any hinderance or molestation. Dry- den. Not agitated. Dryden. UNDISTU'RBEDLY, fin-dls-t&rb'-ed-le. ad. Calm- ly; peacefully. Locke. UNDISTU'RB'EDNESS*, fin-d?s-turb'-gd-nes. n. s. State of being ur disturbed. Dr. Snape. UNDIVE'RTED*, fin-de-vert'-eU a. Not amused ; not pleased. Wakefield. UNDIVFDABLE, fin-de-vi'-da-bl. a. Not separable ; not susceptive of division. Shakspeare. UNDIVIDED, fin-de-vl'-ded. a. Unbroken ; whole; not parted. Bp. Taylor. UNDIVI'DEDLY* un-de-vl'-dgd-le. ad. So as not to be parted. Feltliam. UNDIVO'RCED* fin-de-vorst'. a. Not divorced; not separated ; not parted. Young. UNDIVIFLGED, fin-de-vfilj'd'. a. Secret; not pro- mulgated. Sliakspeare. To UNDO / §,5n-d66 / . v.a. preterit undid; part, pas- sive undone. To ruin ; to bring to destruction. Hay-ward. To loose ; to open what is shut or fas- tened ; to unravel. Sidney. To change any thing done to its former state ; to recall, or annul any action. Hooker. UNDO'ER*, fin-do6 ; -fir. n.s. One who ruins or brings to destruction. Hevwood. UNDOING, fin-dooming, a. Ruining; destructive South. UNDOING, fin-doo'-fng. n. s. Ruin ; destruction ; fata! mischief. Hooker. UNDO'NE, fin-d&n'. a. Not done ; not performed Clarendon. Ruined ; brought to destruction Daniel. UNDOUBTED, fln-d3ut'-ed. a. Indubitable; indis- putable ; unquestionable. Shakspeare. UNDOUBTEDLY, fin-dafit'-e'd-le. ad. Indubitably; without question ; without doubt. Hooker. UNDOUBTFUL*, fin-dduf-f&l. a. Not doubtful; plain ; evident. Shakspeare. UNDOUBTING, fin-dofit'-fng. a. Admitting do doubt. Hammond. UNDRA'WN, fin-drawn', a. Not pulled by any ex- ternal force. Milton. Not portrayed. Young. UNDRE'ADED, fin-drgd'-eU a. Not feared. Milton. UNDREAMED, fin-dremd'. 369. a. Not thought on. Shakspeare. To UNDRE'SS, 6n-dreV. v. a. To divest of clothes ; lo strip. Shak. To divest of ornaments, or the at- tire ot ostentation. Prior. To take off the dress- ing from the wound. Davenant. U'NDRESS, fin'-drgs. 498. n. s. A loose or negli- gent dress. Dryden. UNDRESSED, fin-drest'. a. Not regulated. Dry- den. Not prepared for use. Arbuthnot. UNDRFED, fin-dride'. a. Not dried. Dryden. UNDRFVEN, fin-drlv'-vn. 103. a. Not impelled either way. Dryden. UNDRO OPING*, fin-drfidp'-fng. a. Not sinking ; not despairing. Thomson. UNDRO SSY, 5n-dr6s'-se. a. Free from recrement. Phillips. UNDROWNED*, un-dr6find'. a. Not drowned. Shakspeare. UNDU'BITABLE, fin-du'-be-ta-bl. a. Not admitting doubt; unquestionable. Locke. UNDU'E, fin-du'. a. [indue', Fr.l Not right; not le- gal. Bacon. Not agreeable to duty. Atterhury. UNDULARY, fin'-ju-la-re. 376. a. [undulo, Lat.] Playing like waves; playing with intermissions. Brown. To UNDULATE§, fin'-jfi-late. v.a. [undulo, Lat.] To drive backward and forward ; to make to play as waves. Holder. To U'NDUL ATE, fin'-ju-late. v. n. To play as waves in curls. Pope. U'NDULATED* fin'-ju-la-teU a. Having the ap- pearance of waves. Evelyn. UNDULATION, fin-jii-la'-shftn. n. s. Waving mo tion. Brown. Appearance of waves. Evelyn. U'NDULATORY, fin'-j6-&-t6-ri.512. a. Mo\ing in the manner of waves. Arbuthnot. ToUNDU'LL*, fin-dul'. v.a. To remove dulness from ; to clear; to purify. Wliitlock. UNDU'LY, fin-du'-le. ad. Not properly; not accord ing to duty. Sprat. UND U ; R ABLE*, fin-du'-ra-bl. a. Not lasting. Arch- deacon Arnway. To UNDU'ST*, fin-dust', v. a. To free from dust ; to cleanse. W. Mountague. UNDU'TEOUS, fin-diV-te-fis. 376. a. Not perform- ing duty ; irreverent ; disobedient. Shakspeare. UNDU'TIFUL, fin-du'-te-ful. a. Not obedient ; not reverent. Spenser. UNDU'TIFULLY, fin-du'-te-ful-le. ad. Not accord- ing to duty. Dryden. UNDU'TIFULNESS, fin-di'-te-ful-nSs. n. s. Want of respect; irreverence; disobedience. Spenser. UNDY'ING, fin-dl'-fng. a. Not destroyed ; not perishing. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNEARNED, fin-ernd'. 359. a. Not obtained by labour or merit. Shakspeare. UNE'ARTHED, fta-eW. 359. a. Driven from the den in the ground. Thomson. UNE'ARTHLY, fin-eW-le. a. Not terrestrial. Shak. UNEASILY, fin-e'-ze-le. ad. Not without pain. Tillotson. UNEASINESS, fin-e'-ze-ngs. n. s. Trouble ; per. plexity; state of disquiet. Sliakspeare. UNE'ASY, fin-e'-ze. a. Painful; giving disturbance. Bp. Taylor. Disturbed ; not at ease. Tillotson. Constraining; cramping. Roscommon. Constrain- ed ; not disengaged ; stiff. Locke. Peevish ; diffi- cult toplease. Addison. Difficult. Shakspeare. UNE'ATEN, ftn-e'-tn. 103. a. Not devoured. Claren- don. UNE'ATH, im-khJ. ad. [from eath ; ea8, Sax.] Not easily. Shak. Under ; below. Spenser. Ob. J. UNE'DIFYING, fin-ed'-e-fl-fag. a. Not improving in good life. Atterhury. UNE'DUCATE*. fin-ed'-ju-kate. ) a. Not hav- UNE'DUCATED* fin-Sd'-ju-ka-tSd. \ ing receiv- ed education. Hale. UNEFFE'CTUAL*, fin-eT-feV-tsbu-al. a. Having no effect. Shakspeare. UNELE'CTED, fin-e-)eV-uM. a. Not chosen. Shak. UNE'LIGIBLE, fin-eF-e-je-bl. a. Not proper to be chosen. Rogers. UNEMPLOYED, fin-em-plofd'. a. Not busy;, at leisure ; idle. Milton. Not engaged in any par ticular work. Dryden. UNE'MPTIABLE, fin-Sm'-te-a-bl. a. Not to be. emptied ; inexhaustible. Hooker. Ob. J. UNENCHA'NTED* fin-^n-tshant'-eU a. That can- not be enchanted. Milton. UNENDE'ARED*, fin-en-deerd'. a. Not attended with endearment. Milton. UNENDOWED, fin-en-doud'. a. Not invested; not graced. Clarendon. UNENGAGED, fin-en-gajd'. a. Not engaged ; not appropriated. Swift. UNEN JOYED, fin-en-j6?d'. a. Not obtained; not possessed. Dryden. UxNENJO'YING, fin-Sn-jSe'-ing. a. Not using ; hav- ing no fruition. Creech. UNENLA'RGED, fin-en-larjd'. a. Not ealarged ;. narrow; contracted. Watts. UNENLFGHTENED, fin-en-ll'-ttuL 359. a. Not. illuminated. Atterhury. UNENSLA'VED, fin-Sn-slavd'. a. Free; not ec; thralled. Addison. 967 vixm UiNF \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5 — me, mel ; —pine, pm ; — To UNENTA'NGLE* un-6n-lang'-gl. «. a. To free from perplexity or difficulty ; to disentangle. Donne. UNENTE'RT AWING, un-en-tur-ta'-nmg. a. Giv- ing no delight ; giving no entertainment. Pope. UNENTERTA'ININGNESS* fin-en-lur-ta'-nfng- ne's. n. s. That which affords no entertainment. UNENTHRA'LLED*, fin-en-z/trawld'. a. Unen- slaved. Milton. UNENTO'MBED, fin-gn-loomd'. a. Unburied ; un- interred. Dryden. UNE NV1ED, fin-eV-v?d. 282. a. Exempt from en- vy. Bacon. UNEQUABLE, fin-e'-kwa-bl. a. Different from it- self; diverse. Bentley. UNEQUAL, fin-e'-kwal. a. [ina>qitalis,Ld'. [See Heard.] a. Not per- ceived by the ear. Milton. Not vouchsafed an audience. Dryden. Unknown in celebration. Mil- ion.. — Unheard-of. Obscure ; not known by fame. Glanville. Unheard-of. Unprecedented. Swift. To UNHEA'RT, fin-hart', v. a. To discourage ; to depress. Sliakspeare. UNHEA'TED, fin-he'-teU a. Not made hot. Boyle. UNHE'DGED*, un-hSdj'd'. a. Not surrounded by a hedge. Young. UNHEEDED, fin-heeded, a. Disregarded ; not thought worthy of notice; escaping notice. Boyle. UNHE'EDFUL, fin-heed'-ful. a. Not cautious. Beau- mont and Fletcher. UNHEEDING, fin-heed'-mg. a. Negligent ; care less. Dryden. UNHEEDY, un-heed'-e. a. Precipitate; sudden. Spenser. To UNHELE, fin-heel', v. a. To uncover ; to ex* pose to view. Spenser. UNHELPED, fin-helpt'. 539. a. Unassisted ; having no auxiliary; unsupported. Dryden. UNHELPFUL, fin-help'-fuJ. a. Giving no assist- ance. Sliakspeare. UNHE'WN, un-hune'. pad. a. Not hewn. Dryden. UNHI'DEBOUND, fin-hlde'-b6find. a. Lax of maw; capacious. Milton. UNHINDERED*, fin-hln'-dfird. a. Not opposed; meeting with no hinderance; exerting itself freely. Clarke. To UNHFNGE, fin-h?nje'. v. a. To throw from the hinges. To displace by violence. Elackmore. To disorder ; to confuse. Waller. To UNHO'ARD*, fin-h6rde'. v. a. To steal from the hoard. Milton. UNHOL1NESS, fin-hi'-le-n^s. n.s. Impiety; pro- faneness; wickedness. Raleigh. UNHOLY, fin-ho'-le. a. [unhali^, Sax.] Profane ; not hallowed. Hooker. Impious; wicked. Hooker. UNHO'NEST*, fin-on'-est. a. [inhoneste, Fr.; in- honestus, Lat.] Dishonourable ; dishonest. Ascham. Ob. T. UNHO'NOURED, fin-on'-nfird. a. Not regarded with veneration; not celebrated. D'yden. Not treated with respect. Pope. To UNHO'OP, fin-hoSp'. v. a. To d.vest of hoops. Donne. UNHOPED, fin-h6pt'. 359. ) a. Not expected; UNHOTED for, fin-hopt'-for. \ greater than hope had promised. Dryden. UNHOPEFUL, fin-h6pe'-ful. a. Such as leaves no room to hope. Sliakspeare. ToUNHO'RSE, fin-hSrse'. v. a. To beat from a horse ; to throw from the saddle. Sliakspeare. UNHO'SPITABLE, fin-h6s'-pe-ta-b). a. [inhospi- talis, Lat.] Affording no kindness or entertainment to strangers ; cruel ; barbarous. Dryden. UNHO'STILE, un-hos'-tll. 140. a. Not belonging to an enemy. Phillips. To UNHOU'SE, fin-hduze'. v. a. To drive from the habitation. Donne. UNHOU'SED, fin-h6uzd'. a. Homeless ; wanting a house. Shak. Having no settled habitation. Shak. UNHOU'SELLED, fin-hM'-zld. a. Having not the sacrament. See To Housel. Sliakspeare. UNHU'MAN*, fin-hu'-man. a. Barbarous ; inhu- man. South. Ob. T. UNHU'MBLED, fin-fim'-bld. 359. a. Not humbled', not touched with shame or confusion. Milton. UNHU RT, fin-hfirt'. a. Free from harm. Bacon. UNHU'RTFUL, fin-hfirt'-f&l. a. Innoxious; harm less ; doing no harm. Shakspeare. UNHU'RTFULLY, fin-hfirt'-ffil-e. ad. Without harm ; innoxiously. Pope. UNHU SBANDED*, fin-hfiz'-bfind-ed. a. Deprived of support; neglected. Browne. 971 UNI UNI ID" 559.— Fate, fir, fall, fat ;— mi, met ;— pine, p?n ;— UNHU'SKED* un-huskt'. a. Having quitted the husk. Bp. Hall. U'NICORN, yu'-ne-korn. n. s. [unicornis, unus and cornu, Lat.] A beast, whether real or fabulous, that has only one horn. Shak. A bird. Greic. UNIDE'AL*, fin-l-de'-ul. a. Not ideal} real. John- son. U'NIFORM, yu'-ne-form. a. [unus and forma, Lat.] Keeping its tenour ; similar to itself. Woodward. Conforming to one rule ; acting in the same man- ner ; agreeing with each other. Hooker. U'NIFORM*, yii'-ne-form. n. s. The regimental dress of a soldier. UNIFORMITY, yu-ne-ior'-me-te. n. s. [uniformit.4, Fr.] Resemblance to itself; even tenour. Dryden. Conformity to one pattern ; resemblance of one to another. Hooker. U'NIFORMLY, yu'-ne-form-le. ad. Without varia- tion; in an even tenour. Hooker. Without diver- sity of one from another. UNIGE'NITURE*, yu-nl-jen'-e-tshure. n. s. The state of being the only begotten. Pearson. UNIMAGINABLE, un-lm-mad'-jui-a-bl. a. Not to be imagined by (he fancy; not to be conceived. Milton. UNIMAGINABLY, fin-fm-mad'-jm-a-ble. ad. To a degree not to be imagined. Boijle. UNIMAGINED*, un-lm-mad'-jind. a. Not con- ceived. Thomson. UNFMITABLE, un-W-e-ta-bl. a. [inimitable, Fr. ; inimitabifis , Lat.] Not to be imitated. Burnet. UNIMMORTAL, un-Sm-mor'-tal. a. Not immortal ; mortal. Milton. UNIMPA'IRABLE, fin-Im-pa'-ra-hl. a. Not liable to waste or diminution. Hakewill. UNIMPAIRED, fin-im-par'd'. a. Not diminished; not worn out. Dryden. UNIMPASSIONED*, un-im-pash'-und. a. Inno- cent ; quiet ; not endowed with passions. Thom- son. UNIMPEACHABLE*, un-?m-peetsh'-a-bl. a. Not accusable ; not to be charged. Cowper. UNIMPEACHED*, un-fm-peetsht'. 359. a. Not im- peached. Goldsmith. UNIMPLO'RED, un-lm-p^rd'. a. Not solicited. Milton. UNIMPORTANT, un-?m-p6r'-tant. a. Not moment- ous. Hurd. Assuming no airs of dignity. Pope. UNIMPO'RTING*, un-lm-pirt'-fng. a. Not being of importance. Bp. Hall. UNIMPORTU'NED, un-im-pSr-tund. a. Not so- licited ; not teased to compliance. Donne. UNIMPO SING*, un-im- P 6 / -z!ng. a. Not enjoined as obligatory ; voluntary. Thomson. UNIMPROVABLE, Sn-fm-proSv'-a-bl. a. Incapa- ble of melioration. Hammond. UNIMPRO'VABLENESS, un-im-prSSv'-a-bl-nes. n. s. Qualitv of not being improvable. Hammond. UNIMPROVED, un-fm-proovd'. a. Not made bet- ter. Not made more knowing. Pope. Not taught; not meliorated by instruction. Glanville. Uncen- sured; not disproved. Improve was formerly used in the sense of censure. UNINCRE ASABLE, un-hi-kre'-sa-bl. a. Admitting no increase. Boyle. UNINDFFFERE'NT ? 6n-m-dlP-fer-ent. a. Partial; leaning to a side. Hooker. UNINDt/'STRIOUS, un-ln-dus'-tre-us. a. Not dili- gent; not laborious. Decay of Chr. Piety. UNINFECTED*, un-fn-fekt'-Sd. a. Not infected. Burnet. UNINFLA'MED, un-fn-flamd'. a. Not set on fire. Bacon. UNINFLAMMABLE, fin-m-ham'-ma-bl. a. Not capable of being set on fire. Boyle. UNINFLUENCED*, un-ni'-fkVenst. a. Not influ- enced; not prejudiced. Ld. Lyttelton. UNINFORMED, fin-m-formd'. a. Untaught ; unin- structed. Milton. Unanimated; not enlivened. Spectator. UNINGE'NIOUS*, un-k-je'-ne-us. a. Not ingenious; stupid. Burke. ing no UNINGE'NUOUS, un-2n-jen'-u-6s. a. Illiberal ; dis ingenuous. Decay of Chr. Piety. UNINHABITABLE, un-in-hatf-it-d-bl. a. Unfit U\ be inhabited. Raleigh. UNINHA'BITABLENESS, un-fn-hab'-it-a-bl-nes. n. s. Incapacity of being inhabited. Boyle. UNINHABITED, fin-m-hab'-lt-ed. a. Havii dwellers. Sandys. UNINJURED, un-ln'-jurd. a. Unhurt; suffering no harm. Milion. UNINQUFSITIVE*, un-m-kw?z'-e-tf v. a. Not cu- rious to know; not inquisitive ; not prying. Wotton. UNINSCRPBED, un-m-skrlbd'. a. Having no in- scription. Pope. UNINSPIRED, un-fn-splrd'. a. Not having re- ceived any supernatural instruction or illumination. Locke. UNINSTRU'CTED^n-fn-strfik'-ted.a. Not taught ; not helped by instruction. Dryden. UNINSTRU'CTIVE, un-ln-struk'-t?v. a. Not cod ferring any improvement. Addison. UNINTELLIGENT, un-ln-tel'-le-jent.a. Not know ing; not skilful; not having any consciousness Shakspeare. UNINTELLIGIBFLITY, un-fn-tel-le-je-bn'-e-tf n. s. Quality of not being intelligible. Glanville. UNINTELLIGIBLE, un-ln-tel'-le-je-bl. a. [ininte: ligible, Fr.] Nc sjeh as can be understood. Swift UNINTE'LLlGIBLENESS^un-fn-teT-le-je-bl-nes n. s. State ofbeingunintelligible. Bp. Herb. Croft UNINTELLIGIBLY, fin-fn-tel'-le-je-ble. ad. In a manner not to be understood. Locke. UNINTENTIONAL, un-m-ten'-shun-al. a. Not de- signed ; happening without design. Boyle. UNFNTERESSED, un-Jn'-ter-est. ) a. Not hav- UNFNTERESTED, un-ln'-ter-es-ted. $ ing inter- est. Dryden. UNINTERESTING*, un-fn'-ter-e'st-fng. a. Exciting no interest. Warton. UNINTERMFTTED, un-fn-ter-mit'-ted. a. Con- tinued; not interrupted. Hale. UNINTERMFTTING*, un-m-ter-mn'-tfng. a. Hav- ing no interruption ; continuing. Feltham. UNINTE'RPOLATED*, un-in-teV- P 6-la-ted. a. Not interpolated. Porson. UNINTERMFXED, un-m-ter-mlkst'. a. Not min- gled. Daniel. UNINTERRUPTED, fin-ln-teV-rup'-teU a. Not broken ; not interrupted. Roscommon. UNINTERRUPTEDLY, fin-m-ter-rfip'-ted-le. ad. Without interruption. Pearson. UNINTRE'NCHED, un-in-lrensht'. 359. a. Not in- trenched. Pope. UNFNTRICATED*, fin-m'-tre-ka-teU a. Not per- plexed; not obscure. Hammond. UNINTRODU'CED*, un-?n-tr6-dust'. a. Not prop- erly conducted; not duly ushered in; obtrusive. Young. UNINU 7 RED*, un-m-urd'. a. Unaccustomed; not habituated. Phillips. UNINVESTED*, un-m-vent'-ed. a. Undiscovered. Milton. UNINVE'STIGABLE, un-m-ves'-te-ga-bl. a. Not to be searched out. Ray. UNINVFTED, un-fn-vl'-tcd. a. Not asked. Phillips. U'NION, yiV-ne-un. 8. n. s. [unio, Lat.] The act of joining two or more, so as to make them one. Mil- ion. Concord ; conjunction of mind or interests. Bp. Taylor. A pearl : not in use. Shak. [In law.] Union is a combining or consolidation of two churches in one, which is done by the consent of the bishop, the patron, and incumbent. Cowel. UNFPAROUS, yu-nV-pa-rus. 518. a. [unus and pario, Lat.] Bringing one at a birth. Brown. UNIQUE*, yu-neek'. a. [Fr.] Sole; without an equal; without another of the same kind known to exist. U'NISON §, yu'-ne-sun. a. [unus and sonus, Lat.] Sounding alone. Milton. U'NISON, yu'-ne-sun. n. s. A string that has the I same sound with another. Glanville. A single un I varied note; an exact agreement of sc.md. Pope m UNJ UNL — no, mflve, nSr, n&t ;— tube, tab, bull ;— fill ; — pound ;—th\n, THis. UNISONOUS*, yu-nis'-6-nfis. a. Being in unison. Warton. U'NIT, yu'-nft. 8, 39, 492. n. s. [units, unit us, Lat.] One ; the least number ; or the root of numbers. Bentley. A gold coin of King James I. Camden. UNSTABLE*, yQ-nl'-la-bl. a. Capable of being united. Phillips. UNITA'RIAN*, yu-ne-uV-re-an. n. s. One of a sect allowing divinity to God the Father alone ; an anti-trinitarian. Leslie. To UNI'TE §, yti-nlte'. y. a. [unitus, Lat.] To join two or more into one. Spenser. To make to agree. Clarendon. To make lo adhere. Wiseman. To join. Shale. To join in interest. Gen. xlix. To UNTTE, yu-nlte'. v. n. To join in an act ; to concur ; lo act in concert. Shak. To coalesce ; to be cemented ; to be consolidated. To grow into one. Milton. UNITEDLY, yu-nl'-ted-le. ad. With union 5 so as to join. Dryden. UNPTER, yu-nl'-tfir. 98. n. s. The person or thing that unites. Glanville. UNl'TION, yu-n?sh'-fin. n. s. [union, Fr.] The act or power of uniting 3 conjunction} coalition. Wise- man. U'NITIVE, yu'-ne-t?v. a. Having the power of unit- ing. Norris. U'NITY, yfi'-ne-te. 8. n. s. [unitas, Lat.] The state of being one. Hammond. Concord ; conjunction. Shak. Agreement; uniformity. Hooker. Princi- ple of dramatick writing, by which the tenour of the story and propriety of representation are pre- served. Dnjden. [In law.] Unity of possession is a joint possession of two rights by several titles. Cowel. U'NIVALVE-r, yu'-ne-valv. a. Having one shell. UNIVE'RSAL, yu-ne-ver'-sal. 8. a. [universalis, Lat.] General ; extending to all. Shak. Total ; whole. Dry den. Not particular; comprising all Particulars. Dairies. IVE'RSAL, yu-ne-ver'-sal. n.s. The whole; the general system of the universe. Raleigh. Ob. J. UNIVE'RSALIST*, yu-ne-ver'-sal-lst. n. s. One who affects to 'understand all particulars. Bentley. UNIVERSALITY, yfi-ne-ver-sal'-e-te. n. s. [nni- yersalitas, school Lat.] Not particularity ; general- ity ; extension to the whole. Pearson. UNIVE'RSALLY, yu-ne-v£r'-sal-e. ad. Throughout the whole ; without exception. Hooker. UNIVE'RS ALNESS*, yu-ne-ver'-sal-nes. n. s. Uni- versality. More. U'NIVERSE, yu'-ne-vgrse. 8. n. s. [univers, Fr. ; universum., Lat.] The general system of things. Sha.'cspeare. UNIVE'RSITY, yfi-ne-ver'-se-te. n. s. [universitas, Lat.] University was first used for any community or corporation ; afterwards confined to academies. Anderson. A school, where all the arts and facul- ties are taught and studied. Selden. The whole ; the universe. More. UNI'VOCAL,yu-n?v'-v6-kal. a.\univpcus, Lat.] Hav- ing one meaning. Watts. Certain ; regular ; pur- suing always one tenour. Brown. UNLVOCALLY, yu-n?v'-v6-kal-e. ad. In one term; in one sense. Bp. Hall. In one tenour. Ray. UNIVOCA'TION*, yu-n?v-v6-ka'-shfin. n.s. [unus and vocalus, Lat.] Agreement of name and mean- ing. Whiston. UNJE'ALOUS*, fin-jel'-fis. a. Not suspiciously fear- ful ; having no unreasonable mistrust. Clarendon. To UNJOIN*, fin-jSln'. v. a. To separate ; to dis- join. Chaucer. UNJOTNTED, fin-jSln'-igd. a. Disjoined ; separated. Milton. Having no articulation. Grew. UNJO'YFUL*,tin-i6e'-ffil. a. Not joyful: sad. Toiler . UNJO'YOUS, fin-j6e'-fis. a. Not gay; not cheerful. Milton.. UNJU'DGED, fin-jfidj'd'. 359. a. Not judicially de- termined. Prior. UNJUST, fin-just', a. [inflate, Fr.; injustns, Lat.] Iniquitous; contrary to equity ; contrary to justice. Sliakspeare. UNJUSTIFIABLE, fin-jus'-te-fl-a-bl. a. Not to be defended; not to be justified. Addison. UNJU'STIFIABLENESS, fin-jiV-te-fl-a-bl-nes. n. s. The quality of not being justifiable. Clarendon. UNJUSTIFIABLY, fin-jfis'Ae-fl-a-ble. ad. In a man- ner not to be defended. UNJUSTIFIED*, fin-jiV-te-flde. a. Not cleared from the imputation of guiit ; not justified. Dryden UNJUSTLY, fin-jfist'-le. ad. In a manner contrary to right. Milton. o U'NKED*, fing'-ked. ) a. [a corruption of uncouth, U'NKID*, fing'-kld. \ slrange.]' Unusual ; odd ; strange. Abstract of Acts, Canons, fyc. temp. Q. Elizabetlu Lonely ; solitary. UNKE'MMED*, fin-kemd'. ) a. [incomptus, Lat.] UNKE'MPT, fin-kempt'. \ Uncombed. May. Unpolished. Spenser. Ob. J. To UNKE'NNEL, fin-ken'-n?l. 99. v. a. To drive from his hole. Shak. To rouse from its secrecy or retreat. Shakspeare. UNKE'NT, fin-kenl'. a. [un, and ken, to know.] Un- known. Spenser. Ob. J. UNKEPT, fin-kept', a. Not kept; not retained. Unobserved ; unobeyed. Hooker. UNKPND, fin-kymd'. 1G0. [See Guide.] a. Not fa- vourable ; not benevolent. Shakspeare. Unnatural. Spenser. UNKFNDLINESS*, fin-kylnd'-le-nes. n. s. Unfa vourableness. Hakewill. UNKI'NDLY, fin-kylnd'-le. a. Unnatural ; contraiy to nature. Spenser. Malignant ; unfavourable. Mil ton. UNKI'NDLY, fin-kylnd'-le. ad. Without kindness , without affection. Denluxm. Contrarily to nature . Milton. UNKI'NDNESS, fin-kylnd'-ngs. n.s. Malignity; ill- will; want of affection. Sliakspeare. ToUNKI'NG, fin-king', v. a. To deprive of royalty. Shakspeare. UNKI'NGLIKE*, fin-tfngMlke. ) a. Unbecoming \ a king ; base ; ignoble. Shakspeare. UNKINGLY* fin-kW'-le. UNKISSED, fin-klst'. a. Not kissed. Shakspeare. U'NKLE. n. s. [oncle, Fr.] The brother of a father or mother. See Uncle. Shakspeare. UNKNI'GHTLY, fin-nlte'-lc. a. Unbecoming a knight. Sidney. ToUNKNTT, 6n-n?t'. v. a. [unenytan, Sax.] To unweave ; to separate. Sliak. To open. Shak. UNKNT'T*, fin-kn?t'. part. a. Not united 5 not knit. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNKNOTTED*, fin-not'-ted. a. Freed from knots 5 untwisted ; unentangled. More. UNKNO'TTY*, fin-not'-te. a. Having no knots. Sanch/s. To UNKNO'W, fin-n6'. v. a. To cease to know. Smith. UNKNO'WABLE, fin-n6'-a-bl. a. Not to be known. Harris. UNKNO'WING, fin-n6'-?ng. a. Ignorant ; not know- ing. Shak. Not practised; not qualified. Dryden. UNKNOWINGLY, Sn-n6'-mg-le. ad. Ignorantly; without knowledge. Dryden. UNKNO'WN, fin-none', a. Not known. Milton. Greater than is imagined. Bacon. Not having co- habitation. Sliak. Not having communication. Addison. UNLABO'R10US*,fin-la-b6'-re-fis. a. Not labori- ous ; not difficult to be done. Milton. UNLA'BOURED, fin-la'-bfird. a. Not produced by labour. Dryden. Not cultivated by labour. Black- more. Spontaneous ; voluntary. Tickell. To UNLACE, fin-lase'. v. a. To loose any thing fastened with strings. Spenser. To loose a wo- man's dress. Sidney. To divest of ornaments. Shakspeare. To UNLA'DE, fin-lade', v. a. To remove from the vessel which carries. Denham. To exonerate that which carries. Dryden. To put out. Acts, xxi. UNLA'ID, fin-lade', a. Not placed; not fixed Hooker. Not pacified ; not stilled ; not suppressed Milton. Not laid out as a corpse. B. Jonson. 973 UNL UNM [nP559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, met ; — pine, pin ; — UNLAME'NTED, fin-la-ment'-ed. a. Not deplored Clarendon. UNLA'RDED* fin-lard'-gd. a. Not intermixed or foisted in by wav of improvement. Ld. Chesterfield. To UNLA'TCH/ftn-latsh'. v. a. To open by lifting up the latch. Dryden. UNLA'VISH*, fin-lav'-ish. a. Not prodigal; not wasteful. Thomson. UNLA'VISHED* fiu-lav'-fsht. a. Not wasted; not thrown away. Shenstone. UNLA'WFUL, fin-law'-ifil. a. Contrary to law; not permitted by the law. Acts, x. UNLAWFULLY, fin-law'-ful-e. ad. In a manner contrary to law or right. Bp.Taylor. Illegitimate- ly ; not by marriage. Shakspeare. UNLAWFULNESS, fin-law'-ffil-nes. n. s. Contra- riety to law; state of being not permitted. Hooker. Illegitimacy. To UNLE'ARN, fin-leW. v. a. To forget, or disuse what has been learned. Bacon. UNLEARNED, un-ler'-ned. [See Learned.] a. [ungelaepeb, Sax.] Ignorant ; not informed ; not instructed. Davenant. Not gained by study; not known. Milt. Not suitable to a learned man. Shak. UNLE'ARNEDLY, fin-ler'-ned-le. 362. ad. Igno- rantly; grossly. Brown. UNLE'AVENED,fin-lev'-vend. 104. a. Not ferment- ed ; not mixed with fermenting matter. Exod. ii. UN LECTURED*, uu-lek'-tshurd. a. Not taught by lecture. Young. UNLEISUREDNESS, fin-le'-zhurd-ngs. n.s. Bu- siness; want of time; want of leisure. Boyle. Ob. J. UNLE'SS, fin-leV. conjunct, [the Sax. imperative on- lej*, from onlepan.] Except; if not; supposing that not. Hooker. UNLE'SSONED, fin-les'-snd. 103, 359. a. Not taught. Shakspeare. UNLETTERED, fin-let'-tfird. a. Unlearned ; un- taught. Hooker. UNLE'VELLED,fin-lcv'-gld. 406. a. Not laid even. Tickell. UNLIBFDINOUS, fin-le-b?d'-e-nfi6. a. Not lustful ; pure from carnality. Milton. UNLICENSED, fin-li'-seust. a. Having no regular permission. Milton. UNLFCKED, fin-llkt'. 359. a. Shapeless ; not form- ed : from the opinion that the bear licks her young to shape. Shakspeare. UNLI'GHTED, fin-ll'-ted. a. Not kindled ; not set on fire. Dryden. UNLFGHTSOME, fin-llte'-sfim. a. Dark; gloomy; wanting light. Milton. UNLIKE, fin-like', a. [un£ehc, Sax.] Dissimilar; having no resemblance. Hooker. Improbable; unlikely; not likely. Shakspeare. UNLIKELIHOOD, fin-like'-le-hfid. ) n. s. Im- UNLFKELINESS, fin-Ilke'-le-nes. $ probability. South. UNLFKELY, fin-llke'-le. a. Improbable ; not such as can be reasonably expected. Sidney. Not promising anv particular event. Hooker. UNLFKELY, fin-llke'-le. ad. Improbablv. Pope. UNLFKENESS, fin-llke'-ngs. n. s. Dissimilitude; want of resemblance. Dryden. UNLI MBER*. fin-lrm'-bfir. a. Unyielding. Wolton. UN LFMIT ABLE, fin-um'-it-a-bl. a. Admitting no bounds. Locke. UNLFMITED, fin-ljmMt-Sd. a. Having no bounds ; having no limits. Boyle. Undefined ; not bounded by proper exceptions. Hooker. Uncon- fined ; not restrained. Bp. Taylor. UNLFxMlTEDLY, fin-llm'-?i-2d-le. ad. Boundless- ly ; without bounds. Decay of Chr. Piety. UNLFM1TEDNESS*, fin-iim'-5t-&I-n£s. n.s. State of beings unlimited ; largeness. Dr. Johnson. UNLFNEAL, fin-lln'-e-al. US. a. Not coming in the order of succession. Sliakspeare. To UNLI NK, fin-lfngk'. v. a. To untwist; to open. SJiaJcsjieare . UNLFQUIFIED, fin-llk'-we-flde. a. Unmelted ; un- dissolved. Addison. UNI i QUORED*, fin-llk'-kfird. a. Not moistened ; not smeared with any liquid. Bp. Hall. Not filled with liquor. Milton. UNLFSTENING*, fin-lls'-sn-mg. a. Deaf; not hearing ; not regarding. Thomson. UNLFVELINESS*, fin-llve'-le-nes. n. s. Dulness. Milton. UNLFVELY* fin-llve'-le. a. Not lively; dull. To UNLO'AD, fin-l6de'. v. a. To disburden ; to ex- onerate ; to free from load. Sliak. To put off any thing burthensome. Shakspeare. To UNLO'CK, un-lok'. v. a. [unlucan, Sax.] To open what is shut with a lock. Sliak. To open in general. Milton. UNLO'CKED, fin-lokt'. a. Not fastened with a lock. UNLO'OKED, fin-l66kt'. )a. Unexpected; UNLOCKED for, fin-l66kt'-f6r. \ not foreseen. Sidney. To UNLOOSE, fin-lo6se'. v. a. [unle r an, Sax.] To loose. Shakspeare. To UNLO'OSE, fin-l68se'. v. n. To fall in pieces ; to loose all union and connexion. Collier. UNLOVABLE, fin-l6o'-za-bl. a. Not to be lost. Boyle. UNLO'VED, fin-lfivd'. 359. a. Not loved. Sidney. UNLO'VELINESS, fin-lfiv'-le-nes. n. s. Unamia bleness; inability to create love. Sidney. UNLO'VELY ; fin-lfiv'-le. a. That cannot excite love. Beaumont. UNLOVING, fin-lfiv'-mg. a. Unkind; not fond. Sliak. UNLU'CKILY, &n-lfik'-e-le. ad. Unfortunately ; by ill luck. Shakspeare. UNLU'CKINESS*, fin-lfik'-ke-nes. n. s. Unfortu- nateness. Scott. Misehievousness. Addison. UNLU'CKY, fin-lfik'-e. a. Unfortunate; producing unhappiness. Boyle. Unhappy; miserable; sub- ject to frequent misfortunes. Spenser. Slightly mischievous; mischievously waggish. Tusser. Ill- omened; inauspicious. Dryden. UNLU'STROUS, fin-lfis'-trfis. a. Wanting splen- dour; wanting lustre. Sliakspeare. To UNLU'TE, fin-lute', v. a. To separate vessels closed with chymical cement. Boyle. UNMA'DE, fin-made', a. Not yet formed; not cre- ated. Spenser. Deprived of form or qualities. Woodward. Omitted to be made. Blackmore. UNMA'IDENLY*, fin-ma'-dn-le. a. Unbecoming a maiden. Bp. Hall. UNMA'IMED, fin-mamd'. a. Not deprived of any essential part. Sir J. Beaumont. UNMA'KABLE, fin-ma'-ka-bl. a. Not possible to be made. Greio. To UNMA'KE, fin-make', v. a. To deprive of for- mer qualities before possessed. Shakspeare. UNMA'LLEABLE*, fin-mal'-le-a-bl. a. Not mal- leable. Fanshawe. To UNMA'N, fin-man', v. a. To deprive of the con- stituent qualities of a human being, as reason. Sliak. To_ emasculate. To break ""into irresolu- tion ; to deject. Dryden. UNMANAGEABLE, fin-man'-e-ja-bl. a. Not man- ageable ; not easily governed. Glanville. Not ea- silv wielded. UNMA'NAGED, fin-man'-?did. 90. a. Not broken by horsemanship. Bp. Taylor. Not tutored; not educated. Felton. UNMA'NLIKE, fin-man'-llke. ) a. Unbecoming a UNMA'NLY, fin-man'-le. ) human being. Sid- ney. Unsuitable to a man; effeminate. Sidney. UNMA'NNED*, fin-mand'. a. Not furnished with men. Kvd. Not tamed : a term of falconry. Shak. UNMA'NNERED, fin-man'-nfird. a. Rude; brutal; uncivil. B. Jonson. UNMA'NNERLINESS, un-man'-nfir-le-nes. n. s. Breach of civility; ill behaviour. Bp. Hall. UNMA'NNERLY, fin-mas'-nftr-le. a. Ill bred ; no* civil ; not complaisant. Shakspeare. UNMA'NNERLY, fin-man'-nfir-le. ad. Uncivilly. Sliakspeare. UNMANU'RED, fin-ma-nurd', a. Not cultivated. Spenser. UNMA'RKED, fin-markt'. 359. a. Not observed; not regarded. Sidney. 974 UNM UNN — no, move, nor, not; — tube, tub, bull;— off; — pound; — thin, THis. UNMA'RRED*, fin-mard'. a. Uninjured ; not spoil- ed. Spenser. UNMARRIED, fin-mar'-rld. 282. a Having no husband, or no wife. Bacon. To UNMA'RRY*, fin-mar'-re. v. a. To separate from the matrimonial contract; to divorce. Mil- ton. To UNMA'SK, fin-mask', v. a. To strip of a mask. To strip of any disguise. Roscommon. To UNMA'SK, fin-mask', v. n. To put off the mask. Shakspeare. UNMASKED, fin-maskt'. 359. a. Naked; open to the view. Dryden. UNMA'STERABLE, fin-ma'-stfir-a-bl. a. Uncon- querable ; not to be subdued. Brown. U.NMA'STERED, fin-ma'-stfird. a. Not subdued. Not conquerable. Sliakspeare. UNMATCHABLE, fin-matsh'-a-bl. a. Unparallel- ed ; unequalled. Hooker. UNMATCHED, fin-matsht'. a. Matchleps ; having no match or equal. Dryden. UNME'ANING, fin-me'-nfng. 410. a. Expressing no meaning ; having no meaning. Pope. UNME'ANT, fin-meW. a. Not intended. Dryden. UNME'ASURABLE, fin-mezh'-fir-a-bl. a. Bound- less; unbounded. Shakspeare. UNME'ASURABLY^fin-mezh'-fir-a-ble. ad. Be- yond all bounds ; beyond measure. Howell. UNME'ASURED, fin-mezh'-fir'd. a. Immense ; in- finite. Blackmore. Not measured; plentiful be- yond measure. Milton. UNxME'DDLED with, fin-med'-dl'd-w?TH. 359. a. Not touched ; not altered. Carew. UINxME'DDLIN G*, fin-med'-dl-?ng. a. Not interfering with the affairs of others. Ld. Chesterfield. UNME'DDLINGNESS*, fin-med'-dl-lng-nes. n. s. Absence of interposition or intermeddling - . Bp. Hall. UNMEDITATED, fin-med'-e-ta-tgd. a. Not formed by previous thought. Milton. UNMEET, fin-meet', a. [unmefce, Sax.] Not fit; not proper ; not worthy. Spenser. UNMEE TLY*, Sn-meetMe. ad. Not properly ; not suitably. Spenser. (JNMEE'TNESS*, fin-meet'-nes. n. s. [unmefc- nyr]fe, Sax.] Unfitness; unsuitableness. Milton. UNME'LLOWED,fiu-mel'-l6de. a. Not fully ripen- ed. Shakspeare. UNMELODIOUS*. fin-me-l6'-de-fis. a. Harsh; grating ; not melodious. Sir T. Herbert. UNME LTED, fin-melt'-ed. a. Undissolved by heat. Waller. UNME'NTIONED, fin-men'-shfin'd. a. Not told; not named. Clarendon. UNMERCHANTABLE, fin-meV-tshan-ta-bl. a. Unsaleable ; not vendible. Carew. UNxME'RCIFUL, fin-mcr'-se-ful. a. Cruel; severe; inclement. Locke. Unconscionable; exorbitant. Pope. UNMERCIFULLY, fin-mer'-se-ffil-e. ad. Without mercv; without tenderness. Addison. UNMERCIFULNESS, fin-mer'-se-ffil-nes. n.s. In- clemency; cruelty; want of tenderness. Bp. Tay- lor. UNME'RITABLE, fin-mer'-n-a-bl. a. Having no desert. Shakspeare. Not in use. UNME'RITED, fin-mer'-lt-eU a. Not deserved; not obtained otherwise than by favour. Milton. UNME RITEDNESS, fiu-mer'-n-£d-nes. n. s. State •jf being undeserved. Boyle. UNMET*, 6n-meV. a. Not met. B. Jonson. UNMI'GHTY*, fin-ml'-te. a. [unmihfci£, Sax.] Not powerful; weak. UNMFLD*, fiu-mlld'. a. [unmilb, Sax.] Not mild ; fierce. UNMI'LDNESS*, fin-mlld'-nes. n.s. Want of mild- ness. Milton. UNMFLKED, fin-mllkt'. a. Not milked. Pope. UNMI'LLED*, fin-mild', a. [Of coin.] Not milled. Leake. UNMFNDED, fin-mlnd'-ed. a. Not heeded ; not re- garded. Sliakspeare. UNMl'NDFUL, fin-mlnd'-ful. a. Not heedfal ; not regardful; negligent; inattentive. Spenser. UNMl'NDFULLY*, fin-mind'-ful-e. ad. Carelessl? Scott. UNMI'NDFULNESS* fin-mlnd'-ffil-nes. ». s. Care lessness; heedlessness; negligence; inattention Scott. 2'oUNMFNGLE, fin-m?ng'-gl. 505. v. a. To sepa rate things mixed. Bacon. UNMI'NGLEABLE, fin-nuW'-gl-a-bl. a. Not sus ceptive of mixture. Boyle. Not used. UNMFNGLED, fin-m?ng'-gl'd. 359. a. Pure ; not vitiated by ary thing mingled. Sliakspeare. UNMFRY, fin-ml'-re. a. Not fouled with dirt. Gay. UNMI'SSED*, fin-mist', a. Not missed. Gray. UNMITIGABLE*, fin-mlt'-e-ga-bl. a. That may not be softened. Shakspeare. UNMITIGATED, fin-mit'-e-ga-ted. a. Not soften ed. Shakspeare. UNMI'XED, >, ,. , S5q U Not mingled UNiMI'XT, 5« n " m,kst - ™*- j with anything; pure ; not corrupted by additions. Bacon. UNMO'ANED, fin-mfin'd' a. Not lamented. Shak. UNMOFST, fin-moist', a. Not wet. Phillips. UNMOI'STENED, fin-m6e'-sVd. 359. a. Not made wet. Boyle. UNMOLE'STED, fin-mfi-lest'-eU a. Free from dis- turbance ; free from external troubles. Prior. UNMO'NIED*, fin-mfin'-nid. a. Having no money ; wanting money Shenstone. To UNMONO'POLIZE*, fin-mi-nop'-o-lize. v. a. To rescue from being" monopolized. Milton. To UNMO'OR, fin-moor', v. a. To loose from land by taking up the anchors. Pope. Prior seems to have taken it for casting anchor. UNMO'RALIZED, fin-mor'-a-llz'd. a. Untutored by morality. Norris. UNMORTGAGED, fin-mfir'-gadjU 90. a. Not mortgaged. Dryden. UNMO'RTIFIED, fin-mSr'-te-flde. a. Not subdued by sorrow and severities. Rogers. TVUNMO'ULD, fin-mild'. [See Mould.] v.a. To change as to the form. Milton. UNMO URNED, fin-m6rn ? d'. a. Not lamented ; not deplored. Southet-n. UNMCKVABLE, fin-m66v'-a-bl. a. Such as cannot be removed or altered. Locke. UNMO'VABLY* fin-moov'-a-ble. ad. Unalterably. Ellis. UNMO'VED, fin-m66v'd'. a. Not put out of one place into another. May. Not changed in resolution. Milton. Not affected ; not touched with any pas- sion. Pope. Unaltered by passion. Dryden. UNMO'VING, fin-m66'-vlng. 410. a. Having no mo tion. Clieyne. Having no power to raise the pas sions ; unaffecling. To UNMU'FFLE, fin-mfif-fl. v.a. To put off a cov^ ering from the face. Milton. UNMU'RMURED*, fin-mfir'-mfird. a. Not murmur- ed at. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNMUSICAL, fin-miV-ze-kal. a. Not harmonious ; not pleasing by sound. B. Jonson. To UNMU'ZZLE, fin-mfiz'-zl. v.a. To loose from a muzzle. Shakspeare. UNNA'MED, fin-nam'd''. a. Not mentioned. Milton. Not having received a name. Milton. UNNATIVE*, fin-na'-tfv. a. Not native. Thomson. UNNATURAL, fin-nat'-tshu-ral. a. Contrary to the laws of nature; contrary to the common instincts. Sliak. Acting without the affections implanted by nature. Shak. Forced ; not agreeable to the reai state of persons or things ; not representing nature. Dryden. To UNNATURALIZE*, fin-nat'-tsha-ral-lze. v. a To divest of the affections implanted by nature. Hales. UNNATURALLY, fin-nat'-tshu-ral-e. ad. In oppo- sition to nature. Tillotson. UNN ATUR ALNESS, fin-nat'-tshu-ral-nes. n. s. Contrariety to nature. Sidney. UNNA'VIGABLE, fin-nav'-e-ga-bl. a. Not to be passed by vessels ; not to be navigated. Cotcley. 975 UNO UNP ffj" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel ;— pine, pni UNNA'VIGATED*, un-nav'-e-ga-uM. a. Not sailed | over. Cooke's Voyage. UNNECESSARILY, fin-ngs'-ses-sa-re-le. ad. With- out necessity ; without need: needlessly. Hooker. UNNECESSARINESS, fin-neV-ses-sa-re-nes; n.s. Needlessness. Decay of Christian Piety. UNNECESSARY, un-nes'-sCs-sa-re. a. Needless ; not wanted ; useless. Hooker. UNNEE'DFUL* un-need'-ful. a. Not wanted 5 needless. Milton. UNNEIGHBOURLY, un-na/-bur-le. 249. a. Not kind : not suitable to the duties of a neighbour. Garth. UNNEIGHBOURLY, un-ni'-bur-le. ad. In a man- ner not suitable to a neighbour; with malevolence ; with mutual mischief. Shakspeare. UNNERVATE, un-neV-vat. 91. a. Weak; feeble. Broome. To UNNERVE, fin-nerv'. v. a. To weaken ; to en- feeble. Addison. UNNERVED, fin-nSrvd'. a. Weak; feeble. Shak. UNNE'TH, fin-neTH'. > ad. [un and ea8, Sax.] UNNE'THES, un-iieTHs'. $ Scarcely ; hardly; not without difficulty. Spenser. Ob. J. UNNOBLE, un-ni'-bl. a. Mean; ignominious; ig- noble. Shakspeare. UNNORLY*, un-no'-ble ad. Meanly; ignobly. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNNOTED, a n -n6'-t&l. a. Not observed ; not re- ?arded; not heeded. Shakspeare. Not honoured. *ope. 1 UNNO'TICED*, un-rnV-tist. a. Not observed ; not taken notice of. Roberts. UNNU'MBERED, un-num'-burd. a. Innumerable. Snakspeare. UNN U'RT URED*, un-nur'-tshurd. a. Not nurtured ; not educated. Wisdom, xvii. UNOBE'YED, un-6-bade'. 359. a. Not obeyed. Milton. UNOBJECTED, fin-6b-j8k'-t8d. a. Not charged as a fault, or contrary argument. Atterbury. UNOBJECTIONABLE*, un-ob-jek'-shun-a-bl. a. Not to be ohjected against. Dr. Geddes. UNOBNO'XIOUS, un-ob-nok'-shfis. a. Not liable ; not exposed to any hurt. Donne. UNOBSCURED*, ftn-ob-skurd'. a. Not obscured ; not darkened. Milton. UNOBSE'QUIOUSNESS, un-6b-se / -kwe-us-ngs. n. s. Incompliance ; disobedience. Brown. UNOBSERVABLE, un-6b-zeV-va-bl. a. Not to be observed ; not discoverable. Boyle. UNOBSERVANCE*, un-ob-zfir'-vanse. n.s. Inat- tention ; regardlessness. Wkitlock. UNOBSERVANT, fin-ob-zer'-vant. a. Not obsequi- ous. Not attentive. Glanville. UNOBSERVED, fin-db-zSrvd'. a. Not regarded ; not attended to ; not heeded ; not minded. Bacon. UNOBSERVEDLY*, un-ob-zerv'-gd-le, ad. With- out being observed. Patrick. UNOBSERVING, un-db-zer'-vrng. a. Inattentive ; not heedful. Dryden. UNOBSTRUCTED, on-ob-stnW-teU a. Not hin- dered ; not stopped. Blackmore. UNOBSTRUCTIVE, fin-6b-struk'-uV. a. Not rais- ing any obstacle. Blackmore. UNOBTA'INED, un-ob-tand'. a. Not gained ; not acquired. Hooker. UNOBTRU'SIVEMn-db-tri'-siv. a. Not obtrusive; not forward ; modest ; humble. Young. UNORVIOUS, fin-ob'-ve-us. a. Not readily occur- ring. Boyle. UNOCCUPIED, un-ok'-ku-plde. a. Unpossessed. UNOFFE'NDED*, un-6f-fend'-ed. a. Not offended. Johnson. UNOFFENDING, un^f-fend'-mg. a. Harmless ; innocent. Dryden. Sinless ; pure from fault. Rog- ers. UNOFFE'NSIVE* un-6f-fen'-sfv. a. Giving no of- fence. Fell. UNOFFERED, un-6f -furd. a. Not proposed to ac- ceptance. Clarendon. UNO'FTEN*, un-of-fn. ad. Rarely. Harris. To UNO'IL, un-Sil'. v. a. To free from oil. Dry den. UNO'ILED*, fin-Slid', a. Not smeared with oil. Young. UNORENED*, fin-6'-pnd. a. Not opened ; not un- closed. Ld. Chesterfield. UNO'PENING^n-i'-pn-lnff. a. Not opening. Pope UNOTERATIVE, fin-op -er-a-tlv. a. Producing no effects. South. UNOPPO'SED, un-op-pozd'. a. Not encountered by any hostility or obstruction. Milton. UNORDERLY, fin-or'-d&r-le. a. Disordered ; irreg ular. Sanderson. UNORDINARY, fin-Sr'-de-na-re. a. Uncommon; unusual. Locke. Ob. J. UNORGANIZED, fin-or'-gan-lzd. a. Having no parts instrumental to the motion or nourishment of the rest. Grew. UNORICINAL, un-6-rW-ie-nal. )a. Hav UNORLGINATED, fin-i-rld'-je^tSd. $ ing no birth ; ungenerated. Milton. UNORNAME'NTAL*, un-or-na-ment'-al. a. Plain ; without ornament. West. UNORNAMENTED*, fin-or'-na-ment-eU a. Not adorned ; not dressed with ornaments. Coventry. UNORTHODOX, fln-dr'-tfi6-d&ks. a. Not holding pure doctrine. Decay of Christian Piety. UNOSTENTATIOUS*, fin-6s-ten-ta'-shus. a. Not boastful ; modest. West. UNO'WED, fin-ide'. a. Having no owner. Shale. UNO'WNED, fin-ond'. a. Having no owner. Not acknowledged; not claimed. Milton. UNPACI'FICK*, fin-pa-slf-ik. a. Not of a peaceable turn ,' not gentle. Warton. UN PACIFIED*, fin-pas'-se-flde. a. Not composed; not calmed. Browne. To UNPACK, fin-pak'. v. a. To disburden ; to ex- onerate. Shak. To open any thing bound together. Boyle. UNPACKED, un-pakt'. 359. a. Not collected by un- lawful artifices. Hudibras. UNPAID, fin-pade'. a. Not discharged. Milton. Not receiving dues or debts. Collier. — Unpaid for. ? That for which the price is not yet given ; taken on trust. Shakspeare. UNPATNED, fin-pand'. a. Suffering no pain. Mil- ton. UNPA'INFUL, un-pane'-ful. a. Giving no pain. Locke. UNPARATABLE, fin-pal'-a-ta-bl. a. Nauseous; disgusting. Dryden. To UNPARADISE*, fin-par'-a-dise. v. a. To de- prive of happiness resembling that of paradise. Young. UNPARAGONED, fin-par'-a-gond. a. Unequalled ; unmatched. Shakspeare. UNPARALLELED, fin-par'-al-leld. a. Not match- ed ; not to be matched ; having no equal. Shak. UNPARDONABLE, un-par'-du-a-bl.a. [impardon- able, Fr.l Irremissible. Hooker. UNPARDONABLY, fin-par'-dn-a-ble. ad. Beyond forgiveness. Atterbury. UNPARDONED, fin-par'-dnd. 359. a. Not forgiven. Rogers. Not discharged ; not cancelled by a legal pardon. Raleigh. UNPARDONING, fin-par'-dn-ing. 410. a. Not for- giving. Dryden. UNPAR RLIAMENTARINESS, fin-par le-ment^-a- re-n§s. n. s. Contrariety to the usage or constitu- tion of parliament. Clarendon. UNPARLIAMENTARY, fin-par-le-ment'-a-re. a. Contrary to the rules of parliament. Swift. UNPARTED, fin-par/.teU a. Undivided ; not sep- arated. Prior. UNPARTIAL, fin-par'-shal. a. Equal; honest : not now in use. Sanderson. UNPARTIALLY, fin-par'-shal-e. ad. Equally; in- differently. Hooker. UNPAYABLE, un-pas'-sa-bl. a. Admitting no pas- sage. Esther, xvi. Not current ; not suffered to pass. Locke. * 916 UNP UNP -n6, mdve. ndr, n&t ;— tube, tub, bull ;-^oll ; — pSimd ; — thrn, THis. UNPA'SSIONATE, fin-pash'-fin-at. 91. ) (JNPA'SSIONATED, fin-pash'-un-a-teU S a ' Free from passion ; calm ; impartial. Wotton. UNPA'SSIONATELY. iV-pash'-fin-at-le. ad. With- out passion. Kins, Charles. UNPA'STORAL*, fin-pas'-tfir-al. a. Not pastoral 3 not becoming' pastoral manners. Warton. UNPA'THED, Qn-paTHd'. a. Untracked 3 unmark- ed by passage. Shakspeare. UNPATHETICK*, fin-peU/iet'-ik. a. Not passion- ate •, not moving. Warton. UNPA'TRONIZED*, fin-pat'-rfin-lzd. a. Not having a patron. Johnson. UNPA'TTERNED*, fin-pat'-tfirnd. a. Having no equal. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNPA'VED*, fin-pavd'. a. Not paved. Hakewill. UNPA'WNED, fin-pawnd'. a. Not given to pledge. Pope. To UNPA'Y, fin-pi', v. a. Not to pay ; not to com- pensate. Drijden. To undo : a low, ludicrous word. Shakspeare. UNPE'ACEABLE, fin-pe'-sa-bl. a. Quarrelsome ; inclined to disturb the tranquillity of others. Ham- mond. UNPE'ACEFUL* fin-peese'-ful. a. Unpacifick ; vi- olent ; without peace. Cowley. To UNPE'G, fin-peg', v. a. To open any thing clos- ed with a peg. Shakspeare. UNPENETRABLE* fin-pen'-e-tra-bl a. Impene- trable. Herbert. UNPENITENT*, fin-pen'-e-tent. a. Impenitent. Sandys. UNPE'NSIONED,fin-pen'-shfind. a. Not kept in de- pendence by a pension. Pope. To UNPEOPLE, fin-pee'-pl. v. a. To depopulate ; to deprive of inhabitants. Spenser. UNPERCE'IVABLE*, fin-per-se'-va-bl. a. Not readily to be perceived; not obvious. Pearson. UNPERCE'IVED, fin-pcr-sevd'. a. Not observed ; not heeded 5 not sensibly discovered 3 not known. Bacon. UNPERCE'IVEDLY, fin-peY-se'-vgd-le. 364. ad. So as not to be perceived. Boyle. UNPE'RFECT, fin-per'-fekt. a. [imperfait, Fr. j imperfectus, Lat.l Incomplete. Peacham. UNPE'RFECTED*, fin-per'-fekt-gd. a. Not per- fected ; not completed. Hammond. UNPE'RFECTLY*, fin-per'-f£kt-le. ad. Imperfect- ly. Hales. UNPE'RFECTNESS, fin-per'-fekt-nes. n. s. Imper- fection ; incompleteness. Ascham. UNPERFORMED, fin-per-f6rmd'. [See Per- form.] a. Undone; not done. Bp. Taylor. UNPERFO'RMING*, un-per-fdrm'-mg. a. Not dis- charging its office. Dryden. UNPE'RISHABLE, fin-peV-lsh-a-bl. a. Lasting to perpetuity ; exempt from decay. Hammond. Ux\PE'RlSHED* fin-per'-?sht. a. Not violated; not destroved. Sir T. Ehjot. UNPE'RJURED, fin-per'-j&rd. a. Free from per- jury. Dryden. To UNPERPLE'X* fin-per-pleks'. v. a. To relieve from perplexity. Donne. UNPERPLE'XED,fin-per-plelcst'.a. Disentangled ; not embarrassed. Locke. UNPERSPPRABLE, fin-per-spl'-ra-bl. a. Not to be emitted through the pores of the skin. Arbuth UNPERSUADABLE, fin-per-swa'-da-bl. a. Inex orable ; not to be persuaded. Sidney. UNPE'TRIFIED, fin-pet'-tre-f Ide. a. Not turned to stone. Brcnvn. UNPHILOSOPHICAL, fin-fll-16-zoP-e-kal. a. Un- suitable to the rules of philosophy, or right reason. Collier. UNPHILOSOTHICALLY, fin-fil-l6-z6f-e-kal-e. ad. In a manner contrary to the rules of right rea- son. South. UNPHILOSO'PHICALNESS^m-fil-ld-zof-e-kal- nes. n. s. Ineongrssitv with philosophy. Norris. 7'oUNPHILOSOPHIZE, fin-fe-los'-s6-flze. v. a. To degrade from the character of a philosopher. Pope. UNPHY SICKED*, fin-f ?z'-5kt. a. Not indebted to medicine ; not influenced by medicine. Howell. UNPIE'RCED, 611-perst'. 359. [See Pierce.] a Not penetrated 3 not pierced. Milton. UNPFLLARED, fin-pil'-lard. a. Deprived of pil- lars. Pope. UNPPLLOWED, un-p?IM6de. a. Wanting a pillow Milton. ToUNPI'N, fin-pin', v. a. To open what is shut or fastened with a pin. Shakspeare. UNPPNKED, fin-plngkt'. 359. a. Not marked with eyelet holes. Shakspeare. UNPPTIED, fin-plt'-tld. 282. a. Not compassionat- ed ; not regarded with sympathetical sorrow. Shak. UNPFTIFUL*,fin-ph'-e-ful. a. Not merciful. Not exciting pity. Dames. UNPFTJfFLLLY, fin-pit'-e-ful-e. ad. Unmercifully , without mercy. Shakspeare. UNPI'TYING, fin-pu'-te-hig. 410. a. Having no compassion. Granville. UNPLA'CABLE*. fin-pla'-ka-bl. a. Not to be ap peased ; implacable. Fofherby. UNPLA'CED, fin-plast'. 359. a. Having no place of dependence. Pope. UNPLA'GUED, fin-plagd'. 359. a. Not tormented Shakspeare. UNPLA'NTED, fin-plan'-ted. a. Not planted; spon taneous. Waller. UNPLA'USIBLE, fin-plaw'-ze-bl. a. Not plausible ) not such as has a fair appearance. Clarendon. UNPLA'USIVE, fin-plaw'-slv. a. Not approving. Shakspeare. UNPLEA'DABLE*, fin-ple'-da-bl. a. Not capable to be alleged in plea. South. UNPLEA'SANT, fin-plez'-ant. a. Not delighting , troublesome ; uneasy. Hooker. UNPLEA'SANTLY,' fin-plez'-ant-le. ad. Not de- lightfully ; uneasilv. Pope. UNPLEASANTNESS, fin-plez'-ant-nes. n. s Want of qualities to give delight. Hooker. UNPLEA'SED, fin-plezd'. 359. a. Not pleased ; not delighted. Shakspeare. UNPLEA'SING, fin-ple'-zing. 410. a. Offensive; . disgusting ; giving- no delight. Milion.. UNPLE A'SIN GNESS*, fin-ple'-zlng-nes. n. s. Want of qualities to please. Milton. UNPLEA'SIVE*, fin-ple'-zlv. a. Not pleasing. Bp. Hall. UNPLI'ANT, fin-pll'-ant. a. Not easily bent ; not conforming to the will. Wotton. UNPLOUGHED, fin-pl6ud'.a. Not ploughed. Mor- timer. To UNPLU'ME, fin-plume', v. a. To strip of plumes ; to degrade. Glanville. UNPOE'TICAL, un-p6-et'-te-kal. ) a. Not as be- UNPOE'TICK, un-po-et'-rk. 509. $ comes a poet. Bp. Corbett. UNPOE'TICALLY*, fin-p6-et'-te-kal-le. ad. In a manner unbecoming a poet. Dr. Warton. UNPOINTED*, fin-p6?nl'-gd. a. Having no pointer sting. B. Jonson. Not observing punctuations. Dn/den. To UNPOISON*, fin-pSI'-zn. v. a. To remove poi son from. South. UN POIZED*, fin-p6?zd'. a. Wanting equipoise Thomson. UNPOLISHED, fin-pol'-?sht. 359. a. Not smoothed; not brightened by attrition. Wotton. Not civiliz- ed ; not refined. Waller. UNPOLFTE, fin-pc--lhe'. a. [impoli, Fr. ; impolitus, Lat.l Not elegant; not refined; not civil. Watts UNPOLFTENESS*, fin-po-lke'-nes. n.s. Want of elegance. Blackwall. Want of courtesy or civil ity. UNPOLLED*, fin-pd)ld'. a. Unplundered. Fanslmice. Not registered as a voter. UNPOLLU'TED, fin-pol-lu'-ted. a. [impollutus, Lat.l Not corrupted ; not defiled. Shakspeare. UNPOPULAR, fin-pop'-fi-lar. 88. a. Not fitted to please the people. Addison. UNPOPULA'RITY*, fin-p&p-u-lar'-e-te. n.s. W 7 an of qualities to please the people. Ld. Lyttelton. UNP UNP [TJ 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, met; — pine, p?n;- UNPO'RTABLE, un-p6rP-a-bl. a. Not to be carried. Raleigh. UNPORTIONED*, fin-p6r'-shund. a. Not endowed with a fortune. Young. UNPO'RTUOUS*, un-p6r'-tshu-5s. a. Having no ports. Burke. UNPOSSESSED, un-p&z-zesf . a. Not had ; not held ; not enjoyed. Shakspeare. LNPOSSESSING, fin-poz-zes'-smg. a. Having no possession. Shakspeare. UNPO'SSIBLE*, fin-pds'-se-bl. a. Not possible. Bacon. UNPRACTICABLE,un-prak'-te-ka-bl. a. Not fea- sible ; not practicable. Boyle. UNPRACTISED, fin-prak'-tist. o. Not skilful by use and experience ; raw ; being in the state of a novice. Shakspeare. Not known ; or not familiar by use. Prior. UNPRA'ISED, un-prazd'. a. Not celebrated; not praised. Spenser. UNPRECA'RIOUS, un-pre-ka'-re-us. a. Not de- pendent on another. Blackmore. UNPRECEDENTED, un-pres'-se-den-ted. a. Not justifiable by any example. Swift. UNPRECFSE*, un-pre-slse'. a. Loose ; not exact. Warton. To UNPREDFCT, un-pre-dlkP. v.n. To retract prediction. Milton. UNPREFE'RRED, un-pre-fer'd/. a. Not advanced. Collier. UNPRECNANT, un-preg'-nant. a. Not prolifick ; not quick of wit. Shakspeare. UNPREJUDICATE, un-pre-ju/-de-kate. ) UNPREJU DICATED*, un-pre-ju'-de-ka-teU \ a ' Not prepossessed by any settled notions. Bp. Hall. UNPREJUDICED, un-pred'-jti-dist. a. Free from prejudice ; free from prepossession ; not preoccupied I by opinion; void of preconceived notions. Tillotson. UNPREJUDICEDNESS*, un-prgd'-ju-dls-ed-nes. n. s. State of being unprejudiced. Clarke. UNPRELA'TICAL, un-pre-laP-e-kal. a. Unsuitable to a prelate. Clarendon. UNPREMEDITATED, fin-pre-med'-e-ta-ted. a. Not prepared in the mind beforehand. Milton. UNPREPARED, un-pre-par'd'. a. Not fitted by previous measures. Milton. Not made fit for the dreadful moment of departure. Shakspeare. UNPREPAREDNESS, un-pre-pa'-red-nes. 365. n. s. State of being unprepared. K. Charles. UNPREPOSSESSED, fin-pre-p&z-zesP. a. Not pre- possessed ; not preoccupied by notions. South. UNPRE'SSED, fin-presP. a. Not pressed. Shak. Not enforced. Clarendon. UNPRESU'MPTUOUS*, un-pre-z&m'-tshu-us. a. Not presumptuous; submissive; humble. Cowper. UNPRETENDING, on-pre-ten'-dlng. a. Not claim- ing any distinctions. Pope. UNPREVAaLING, un-pre-va'-llng. a. Being of no force. Shakspeare. UNPREVE NTED, un-pre-venP-eU a. Not previ- ously hindered. Sliak. Not preceded by any thing. Milton. To UNPRIE'ST*, un-preesP. «. a. To deprive of the orders of a priest. Milton. UNPRIE STLY*, un-preesP-le. a. Unsuitable to a priest. Bale. UNPRFNCELY, un-prW-le. a. Unsuitable to a prince. K. Cliarles. UNPRINCIPLED, fin-prin'-se-pPd. 359. a. Not settled in tenets or opinions. Milton. UNPRFNTED, un-prfnP-ed. a. Not printed. Pope. UNPRFSONED, fin-prfz'-z'n'd. 359. a. Set free from confinement. Donne. UNPRFZABLE, fin-prP-za-bl. a. Not valued; not of estimation. Shakspeare. UNPRIZED, fin-prlz'd'. a. Not valued. SJmk. UNPROCL AIMED, fin-pr6-klam'd' a. Not noti- fied by a publick declaration. Milton. UNPRODUCTIVE*, fin-pr6-duk'-uY. a. Having no power to produce ; not efficient ; barren. Burke. UNPROFA'NED, un-pr6-fan'd'. a. Not violated. Dryden. UNPROFICLENCY*, un-pr6-fish'-en-se. n. s. Want of improvement. Bp. Hall. UNPROFITABLE, un-pr&P-e-ta-bl. a. Useless: serving no purpose. Hooker. UNPROFITABLENESS, un-prof-e-ta-bl-nes. n.s Usplessness. Addison. UNPROTITABLY, un-pr&P-e-ta-lle. ad. Useless ly ; without advantage. B. Jonson. UNPRO'FITED, un-prof-lt-ed. a. Having no gain Shakspea.re. UN PROJECTED* ftn-pro-iekt'-gd. a. Not plan ned ; not formed in the mind. South. UNPROLFF1CK, un-pr6-HP-lk. a. Barren; not pro ductive. Hale. UNPROMISING, un-pr&m'-is-fng. a. Giving no promise of excellence ; having no appearance of value. Locke. UNPROMPTED*, un-pr&mpP-gd. a. Not dictated. Congreve. UNPRONOOJNCED, un-pr6-n6unsP. a. Not utter- ed; not spoken. Milton. UNPRO PER, un-pr&p'-ur. 98. a. Not peculiar. Shakspeare. Unfit ; not right. UNPRO PERLY, un-prdp'-ur-Ie. ad. Contrarily to propriety ; improperly. Shakspeare. UNPROPHE'TICAL* 6n-pr6-feP-e-kal. ) a. Not UNPROPHE'TICK*, un-pr6-feF-?k. $ foresee ing or foretelling future events. Ellis. UNPROPI'TIOUS, un-pr6-plsh / -us. a. Not favoura ble ; inauspicious. Pope. UNPROPO / RTIONABLE*,un-pr6-p6r / -shun-a-bl. a. Not suitable ; not such as is fit. Government oftlit Tongue. UNPROPO'RTIONATE*, un-pr6-p6r'-shun-ate. a. Not proportioned ; not suited. Pearson. UNPROPORTIONED, un-pr6-p6r'-shun'd. a. Not suited to something else. Slutkspea?-e. UNPROPO'SED, fin-pro-poz'd'. a. Not proposed Dry den. UNPROTPED, fin-propP. 359. a. Not supported , not upheld. Milton. UNPRO SPEROUS, un-pros'-pur-us. a. [improsper, Lat.] Unfortunate ; not prosperous. Clarendon. UNPRO'SPEROUSLY, un-pr6s'-pur-us-le. ad. Un- successfully. Bp. Taylor. UNPRO'SPEROUSNESS*, un-pr&s'-pur-us-nes. n. s. State of being unprosperous. Hammond. UNPROTECTED, un-pr6-teV-ted. a. Not protect ed ; not supported ; not defended. Hooker. UNPRO'VED, un-prdov'd'. a. Not tried; not known by trial. Spenser. Not evinced by argument. Boyle. To UNPROVFDE, un-pr6-vlde'. v. a. To divest of resolution or qualifications; to unfurnish. Shak. UNPROVFDED, un-pr6-vP-ded. a. Not secured or qualified by previous measures. Shak. Not fur- nished ; not previously supplied. K. Charles. UNPROVOKED, un-pr6-v6kP. a. Not provoked. Dryden. UNPROVO'KING, fin-pro-vo'-kfng. a. Giving no offence. Fleetivood. UNPRUDE'NTIAL*, fin-pru-den'-shal. a. Impru dent. Milton. UNPRUNED, un-pnWd'. a. Not cut ; not lopped. Shakspeare. UNPU'BLICK, un-pub'-llk. a. Private ; not gener ally known or seen. Bp. Taijlor. UNPUBLISHED, fin-pub'-lisht. a. Secret; un known. Shak. Not given to the publick. Pope. UNPUNISHED, un-pun'-lsht. a. [impunitus, Lat.] Not punished; suffered to continue in impunity Ecclns. viii. UNPURCHASED, un-p&r'-tshast. a. Unbought. Devham. UNPU'RE*, un-pure'. a. Not clean ; not pure. Donne. UNPURGED, un-purj'd'. a. Not purged ; unpuri- fied. Shakspeare. UNPURIF1ED, un-pu'-re-flde. 282. a. Not freed from recrement. Not cleansed from sin. Decay of Christian Piety. UNPURPOSED, un-pur'-pust. a. Not designed } not intentional. SJiakspeare. 978 UNR UNR — n6, m5ve, n6r, not ;— tube, tub, bull ; — 6U ; — p6und;— thin, this UNPURSU'ED, un-pur-sude\ a. Not pursued. Mil- ton. UNPU'TREFIED, un-pu'-lre-flde. a. Not corrupt- ed by rottenness. Bacon. UNQUALIFIED, un-kw6F-e-flde. 282. a. Not fit. Decay of Chr. Piety. Not softened; not abated. UNQO ALIFIEDNESS*, un-kw6l'-e-flde-nes. n. s. State of being- unqualified. Biblioth. Bibl. To UNQUA LIFY, Qn-kwol'-e-fl. v. a. To disquali- fy; to divest of qualification. Addison. UNQUALIFIED*, un-kw6l'-e-tld. a. Deprived of the usual faculties. Shakspeare. Ob. T. UNQUA'RRELABLE, fin-kwor'-rfl-a-bl. a. Such as cannot be impugned. Brown. To UXQUEEN, un-kweeu 7 . v. a. To divest of the dignity of queen. Shakspeare. L'NQUE'LLED*, fin-kw&d'. a. Unsubdued. Tlwm- son. Not kept down. Thomson. UNQUENCHABLE, un-kwensh'-a-bl. a. Unex- tinguishable. Bacon. UNQUE'NCHABLENESS, un-kwensh'-a-bl-nes. n. s. Unexlinguishableness. Hakewill. UNQUE NCHED, un-kwensht'. a. Not extinguish- ed. Bacon. Not extinguishable. Arbuihnot. UNQUESTIONABLE, un-kwes'-tshfin-a-bl. 405. a. Indubitable ; not to be doubted. Wotton. That cannot bear to be questioned without impatience. Shakspea.re. UNQUESTIONABLY, un-kwes'-tshun-a-ble. ad. Indubitably ; without doubt. Sprat. UNQUESTIONED, un-kwes'-tsh&n'd. a. Not doubted ; passed without doubt. Brown. Indispu- table ; not to be opposed. B. Jonson. Not interro- gated ; not examined. Dryden. UI\ QUICK, un-kwlk'. a. Motionless; not alive. Daniel. UNQUFCKENED,un-kw?k'-kVd. a. Not animat- ed ; not ripened to vitality. Blackmore. UNQUFET, un-kwl'-gt. a. [inquiet, Fr. ; inquietus, Lat.] Moved with perpetual agitation ; not calm ; not still. Milton. Disturbed ; lull of perturbation ; not at peace. SJwck. Restless; unsatisfied. Pope. To UNQUFET*, fin-kwl'-gt. v. a. To disquiet; to make uneasy. Lord HerbeH. UNQUFETLY, un-kwi'-St-le. ad. Without rest. Shakspeare. UNQUFETNESS, un-kwl'-et-ngs. n. s. Want of tranquillity. Denham. Want of peace. Spenser. Restlessness ; turbulence. Dryden. Perturbation ; uneasiness. Shakspeare. UNQLT ETUDE*, tm-kwP-e-tude. n.s. Disquietude; uneasiness ; restlessness. Wotton. UNRA'CKED, un-rakt'. a. Not poured from the lees. Bacon. UNRA'KED, un-rakt'. a. Not thrown together and covered : used only of fires. Slvxkspeare. UN RANSACKED, un-ran'-sakt. a. Not pillaged. Knolles. UNRA'NSOMED^n-ran'-sumd. a. Not set free by payment for liberty. Pope. To UNRA'VEL, un-rav'-v ? l. 103. v. a. To disen- tangle ; to extricate ; to clear. Fell. To disorder ; to throw out of the present order. Tillotson. To clear up the intrigue of a play. Pope. To UNRAVEL*, un-rav'-v'l. v. n. To be unfolded. Young. UNRA'ZORED, un-ra'-zur'd. a. Unshaven. Milton. UN RE' ACHED, un-retsht'. 359. a. Not attained. Dryden. UNRE'j ; AD, un-r£d'. a. Not read ; not publickly pro- nounced. Hooker. Untaught; not learned in books. Dryden. UNREADINESS, un-rgd'-e-nSs. n. s. Want of readiness; want of promptness. Hooker. Want of preparation. Bp. Taylor. UNRE ADY, un-rSd'-e. a. Not prepared ; not fit. Spenser. Not prompt ; not quick. Brown. Awk- ward ; ungain. Bacon. Undressed. Shakspeare. UNRE'AL, un-re'-al. a. Unsubstantial ; having only appearance. Shakspeare. UINRE APED*, un-reept'. a. Not reaped; uncut. Carew. UNREASONABLE, Sn-re'-z'n-a-bl. a. Not agree- able to reason. Hooker. Exorbitant; claiming or insisting on more than is fit. Dryden. Greater than is fit ; immoderate. Atterbury. Irrational. Wisdom, xi. UNREASONABLENESS, un-re'-z'n-a-bl-nes. n. s. Inconsistency with reason. Hammond. Exorbi- tance ; excessive demand. K. Charles. UNREASONABLY; un-re'-z'n-a-ble. ad. In a man- ner contrary to reason. Addison. More than enough. Sliakspeare. To UNRE/ AVE, un-reve'< v. a. [now unravel.] To unwind ; to disentangle. Spenser. Not to tear asunder; not to rive ; not to unroof. Bp. Hall. UNREBA'TED, un-re-ba'-ted. a. Not blunted. Hakewill. UNREBU'KABLE, un-re-bu'-ka-bl. a. Obnoxious to no censure. 1 Tim. vi. UNRECE FVED, un-re-sev'd'. a. Not received Hooker. UNRECLA'FMED, un-re-klam'd'. a. Not tamed Shak. Not reformed. Rogers. UNRECONCILABLE, un-rek-Sn-sl'-la-bl. a. Not to be appeased ; implacable. Shak. Not to be made consistent with. Hammond. UNRE CONCILED, un-rek'-on-sll'd. a. Not recon ciled. Shakspeare. UNRECORDED, un-re-kSr'-deU a. Not kept in remembrance by publick monuments. Milton. UNRECOVERABLE*, un-re-kuv'-fir-a-bl. a. Not to be recovered ; past recovery. Feltham. UNRECO / VERED*,un-re-kuv / -urd. a. Not recov- ered. Drayton. UNRECO'UNTED, un-re-kSunt^d. a. Not told ; not related. Sliakspeare. UNRECRUFTABLE, un-re-kr66t'-a-bl. a. Incapa- ble of repairing the deficiencies of an army. Milton. UNRECU RING, un-re-ku'-rfng. a Irremediable. Shakspeare. UNREDUCED, un-re-dust'. a. Not reduced. Da- UNREDU CD3LE*, un-re-du'-se-bl. a. Not reduci- ble. Ash. UNREDU'CIBLENESS*, un-re-du'-se-bl-n§s. n. s. Impossibility of being reduced. South. UNREFFNED*, un-re-flnd'. a. Not refined. Cleave- land. UNREFO'RMABLE, un-re-foV-ma-bl. a. Not to be put into a new form. Hammond. UNREFO'RMED, un-re-form'd'. a. Not amended ; not corrected. Dairies. Not brought to newness of life. Hammond. UNREFRA'CTED, fin-re-frak'-teU a. Not refract- ed. Newton. UNREFRESHED, un-re-fr&ht'. a. Not cheered ; not relieved. Aj-buthnot. UNREGARDED, un-re-gar'-ded. a. Not heeded , not respected ; neglected. Spenser. UNREGENERACY*, fin-re-jen'-ur-a-se. n. s. State of being unregenerate. Hammond. UNREGE'NERATE, un-re-jen'-er-ate. a. Not brought to a new life. Stephens. UNREGISTERED, un-red'-jls-uVd. a. Not record- ed. Shakspeare. UNREINED, un-ran'd'. 359. a. Not restrained by the bridle. Milton. UNREJOICiNG*, un-re-j6?s'-mg. a. Unjoyous ; gloomy; sad; dismal. Thomson. UNRELATED* un-re-la'-ted. a. Not allied by kindred. Barrow. Having no connexion with any thing. Warburton. UNRELATD7E*, un-reF-a-tiv. a. Having no rela- tion to, or connexion with. Lord Chesterfield. UNRE'LATTVELY*, un-rel'-a-uV-le. ad. Without relation to any thing else. Lord Bolingbroke. UNRELENTING, tm-re-lent'-mg. a. Hard; cru- el ; feeling no pity. Sluikspeare. UNRELIEVABLE, un-re-le'-va-bl. a. Admitting no succour. Boyle. UNRELIEVED, un-re-leev'd'. a. Not succoured. Dryden. Not eased. Boyle. UNREMARKABLE, fin-re-mark'-a-bl. a. Not ca 979 UNR UNR O 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, mel ; — pine, pin ; pable of being observed. Digbij. Not worthy of notice. UNREME'DIABLE, fin-re-me'-de-a-bl. a. Admit- ting' no reined}'. Sidney. UNREMEDIED*, 6n-rem'-e-dfd. a. Not cured. Milton. UNREMEMBERED, fin-re-mem'-bfird. a. Not re- tained in the mind; not recollected. Wolton. UNREME'MBERING, fin-re-mem'-bfir-lng. a. Having no memory. Dry den. UNREME'MBRANCE, fin-re-mem'-branse. n. s. Forgetfulness ; want of remembrance. Waits. UNREMFTTING* fin-re-mlt'-lfng. a. Not relaxing; not abating; persevering. TJiomson. JNREMO'VABLE, fin-re-mfiov'-a-bl. a. Not to be taken away. Sidney. UNREMO'VABLENESS*, fin-re-m6ov'-a-bl-nes. n. s. Impracticability of being removed. Bp. Hall. UNREMOVABLY, fin-re-m66v'-a-ble. ad. In a manner that admits no removal. Sluxkspeare. UNREMO VED, fin-re-mo6Vd'. a. Not taken away. Hammond. Not capable of being removed. Mil- ton. UNRENEWED*, fin-re-nude', a. Not made anew ; not renewed. South. UNREPA'ID. fin-re-pade'. a. Not recompensed ; not compensated. Dryden. UNREPEALED, fin-re-pel'd'. a. Not revoked ; not abrogated. Dryden. UNREPE'NTANCE*, fin-re-pent'-anse. n. s. State of being unrepentant. Wharton. UNREPE'NTED, fin-re-pent'-gd. a. Not expiated by penitential sorrow. Hooker. UNREPE'NTING, fin-re-pent'-?ng. ) a. Notrepent- UNREPE'NTANT, fin-re-pent'-ant. \ ing ; not penitent ; not sorrowful for sin. Milton. UNREPFNING, fin-re-pl'-nlng. a. Not peevishly complaining. Roive. UNREPFNINGLY*, fin-re-pl'-nmg-le. ad. Without peevish complaint. Wotion. UNREPLE'NISHED, fin-re-pien'-?sht. a. Not filled. Boyle. UNREPRIE'VABLE, fin-re-preev'-a-bl. a. Not to be respited from penal death. Shakspeare. UNREPRIE'VED*, fin-re-preev'd'. a. Not respited from penal death. Milton. UNREPRO'ACHED, fin-re-pr6tsht'. a. Not up- braided ; not censured. K. Charles. UNREPRO'VABLE. fin-re-prfifiv'-a-bl. a. Not lia- ble to blame. Col. i. UNREPRO'VEI), fin-re-prfiov'd'. a. Not censured. Sandys. Not liable to censure. Spenser. UNREPUGNANT, fin-re-pfig'-nant. a. Not oppo- site. Hooker. UNRE'PUTABLE, fin-i^p'-u-ta-bl. a. Not credita- ble. Rogers. UNREQUE'STED, fin-re-kwest'-eU a. Not asked. Knolles. UNREQUFTABLE, fin-re-kwl'-ta-bl. a. Not to be retaliated. Brmcn. UNREQUIRED t, fin-re-kwl'-ted. a. Not compen- sated for. UNRESE'NTED, fin-re-zenf-ed. a. Not regarded with anger. Rogers. UNRESERVE*, fin-re-zerve'. n. s. Absence of re- serve; frankness; openness. Warton. UNRESERVED, fin-re-zerv'd'. a. Not limited by any private convenience. Rogers. Open ; frank ; concealing nothing. UNRESERVEDLY, fin-re-zer'-ved-le. 364. ad. Without limitations. Boyle. Without conceal- ment ; openly. Pope. UNRESERVEDNESS, fin-re-zer'-vgd-nes. 364. n. s. Unlimitedness ; largeness. Boyle. Openness ; frankness. Dr. WaHon. UNRESISTED, fin-re-z?s'-ted. a. Not opposed. Bentley. Resistless ; such as cannot be opposed. Dryden. UNRESF8TIBLE*, fin-re-z?st'-e-bl. a. Not to be resisted. Mede. UNRESISTING, fin-re-zis'-tfng. a. Not opposing ; ».- making resistance. Dryden. UNRESO'LVABLE, fin-re-z6l'-va-bl. a. Not to be solved; insoluble. South. UNRESOLVED, fin-re-z6lv'd'. a. Not deteumned; having made no resolution. Shak. Not solved ; not cleared. Locke. UNRESO'LVING, fin-re-z6l'-v?ng. a. Not resolv ing; not determined. Dryden. UN RESPECTABLE*, un-re-spek'-ta-bl. a. Not en titled to respect. Malone. UNRESPE'CTED*, un-re-spekl'-ed. a. Not regard- ed. Shakspeare. UNRESPE'CTIVE. fin-re-spek'-t?v. a. Inattentive ; taking little notice. Shakspeare. Mean ; despicable. Shakspeare. UNRE'SPITED* fin-res'-plt-ed. a. Admitting no respite, pause, or intermission. Milton. UNREST, fin-rest', n. s. [onraste, Teut.] Disquiet: want of tranquillity; unquietness. Spenser. UNRESTORED, fin-re-st6rd'. a. Not restored. Addison. Not cleared from an attainder. Collier. Not cured. Young. UNRESTRAINED, fin-re-strand', a. Not confined ; not hindered. Dryden. Licentious; loose. Shak. Not limited. Brown. UNRETRA'CTED, fin-re-trak'-lgd. a. Not revoked ; not recalled. Gov. of the Tongue. UNREVE'ALED, fin-re-veld', a. Not told; not dis- covered. Siienser. UNREVE'NGED, fin-re-venj'd'. a. Not revenged. Fairfax. UNRE'VEREND, fin-rev'-er-end. )a. Irreverent; UNRE'VERENT*, fin-rev'-gr-ent. S disrespecuV. Shakspeare. UNRE'VERENTLY,fin-rev'-er-ent-le. ad. Disre- spectfully. B. Jonson. UNREVERSED, un-re-verst'. a. Not revoked ; not repealed. Shakspeare. UNREVOKED, fin-re-v6kt'. 359. a. Not recalled Milton. UNREWARDED, fin-re-ward'-ed. a. Not reward- ed ; not recompensed. Pope. To UNRFDDLE, fin-r?d'-dl. r. a. To solve an enig- ma ; to explain a problem. Suckling. UNRFDDLER*, fin-r?d'-dlfir. n. s. One who solves an enigma. Lovelace. UNRID1 CULOUS, fin-re-dfk'-u-lfis. a. Not ridicu- lous. Brmcn. To UNRPG, fin-rig', v. a. To strip of the tackle. Dryden. UNRFGHT, fin-rite', a. [unjiihfc, Sax.] Wrong. Wisdom, xii. UNRFGHTEOUS, fin-rl'-tshe-fis. a. [unpihtpir, Sax.] Unjust; wicked; sinful; bad. Spenser. UNRIGHTEOUSLY, fin-rl'-tshe-fis-le. ad. Unjust- 'ly; wickedly; sinfully. Dryden. UNRIGHTEOUSNESS, fin-rl'-tshe-fis-nes. n. s. [unpihfcpirnerre, Sax.] Wickedness; injustice. Bp. Hall. UNRIGHTFUL, fin-rhe'-ful. a. Not rightful; not just. Shaksveare. To UNRFNG, fin-ring', v. a. To deprive of a ring Hudihras. UNRFOTED*. fin-rl'-fit-ed. a. Free from rioting ; not disgraced by riot. May. To UNRFP, fin-rfp'. v. a. [This word is improper; there being no difference between rip and unrip ; yet it is well authorized.] To cut open. Bacon. UNRFPE, fin-ripe', a. [unjiipe, Sax.] Immature : not fully concocted. Shak. Not seasonable ; not yet proper. Dryden. Too early. Sidney. UNRFPENED, ftn-rlp'-n ; d. 359. a. Not matured. Addison. UNRI'PENESS, fin-rlpe'-nes. n. s. Immaturity; want of ripeness. Bacon. UNRIVALLED, fin-rl'-val'd. a. Having no com- petitor. Pope. Having no peer or equal. To UNRFVET*, fin-rrv'-it. v. a. To unfasten the rivets of; to loosen. Hale. To UNRO'BE*, fin-r6be'. v. a. To undress; to dis- robe. Young. To UNRO'L, fin-r6le'. 406. v.a. To open what m rolled or convolved. Dryden. 980 UNS UNS -i)6, mOve, ndr, n&t ; — tube, tftb, boll; — oil; — pound; — thin, UNROMA'NTICK, fin-rA-man'-tik. a. Contrary to romance. Swift. To UNROOF, fin-roof, v. a. To strip off the roof or covering- of houses. Shakspeare. UNRO'OSTED, fin-rfiost'-Cd. a. Driven from the roost. Shakspeare. To UNRO'OT, fin-root', v. a. To tear from the roots; to extirpate; to eradicate. Shakspeare. To UNROOT*. fin-root', v.n. To be" unrooted. lteaumont and Fletcher. UNRO'UGH, fin-rfif. a. [unp.uh, Sax.] Smooth ; unbearded. Shakspeare. UNRO'UNDED, fin-rfiund'-ed. a. Not shaped ; not cut to a round, Donne. UNRO'UTED*, un-roik'-ed. a. Not thrown into dis- order. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNRO YAL, fin-roe' -al. a. Unprincely; not royal. Sidney. To UN RU'FFLE. fin-rfif -fl. v.n. To cease from com- motion, or agitation. Dry den. UNRU'FFLE D, fin-r&f -flU 359. a. Calm ; tranquil ; not tumultuous. Addison. UNRU'LED, fin-rSoPd'. a. Not directed by any su- periour power. Spenser. UNRU'LINESS, &n-r6ol'-le-nes. n. s. Turbulence ; tumulluousness ; licentiousness. Knolks. UNRULY, fin-rfio'-le. a. Turbulent ; ungovernable ; licentious ; tumultuous. Spenser. To UNRU'MPLE*, fin-rfim'-pl. v. a. To free from rumples ; to open out. Addison. To UNSA'DDEN*, fin-sad' -dn. v. a. To relieve from sadness. Whitlock. To UNSADDLE* fin-sad'-dl. v. a. To take off the saddle from a horse. Thunberg's Travels. UNSA'DDLED*, fin-sad'-dld. a. [un^e r abelab, Sax.] Not having the saddle on. UNSA'FE, fin-sale', a. Not secure ; hazardous ; dan- gerous. Hooker. UNSAFELY, fin-safe'-le. ad. Not securely ; danger- ously. Dry den. UNSA'ID,fin-sed'. 203. a. [unj-aed, Sax.] Not uttered ; not mentioned. Dryden. UNS A'lL ABLE*, fin-sa'-la-bl. a. Not navigable. May. To U'NSA'INT*, un-sant'. v. a. To deprive of saint- ship. South. UNSALEABLE*, fin-sa'-la-bl. a. Not vendible 3 unmerchantable. Johnson. UNSA'LTED, fin-salt' -ed. a. Not pickled or season- ed with salt. Arbuthnot. UNSALU'TED, fin-sa-lfi'-ted. a. [insahilatus, Lat.] Not saluted. ShaJcspeare. UNSA'NCTIFIED, fin-sank'-te-fide. a. Unholy; not consecrated ; not pious. Shakspeare. UNSA'TED*, fin-sa'-ted. a. Not satisfied ; insatiate. Shenstone. UNS A'TIABLE,fin-sa'-she-a-bl. a. [insaiiabilis, LaL] Not to be satisfied ; greedy without bounds. Hooker. UNSA'TIATE* fin-sa'-she-ate. a. Not satisfied. More. UNSATISFA'CTORINESS, fin-sat-tis-iak'-tfir-e- n^s. n. s. Failure of giving satisfaction. Boyle. UNSATISFA'CTORT, fin-sat-tfs-fak'-tar-e. a. Not giving satisfaction. Not clearing the difficulty. Brown. UNSA'TISFIED, fin-sat'-tfs-flde. a. Not contented ; not pleased. Bacon. Not settled in opinion. Boyle. Not filled ; not gratified to the full. Shak- speare. UNSA'TISFIEDNESS, fin-sat'-tls-fide-nes. n.s. The state of being not satisfied. King Charles. UNSA'TISFYING, fin-sat'-tls-fl-mg. a. Unable to gratify to the full. Addison. UNS A'TISFYINGNESS*, fin-sat'-tls-fUng-nes. n.s. Incapability of gratifying to the full. Bp. Taylor. UNSAVOURILY*, fin-sa'-vfir-e-le. ad. So as to displease or disgust. Milton. UNSA'VOURINESS, fin-sa'-vfir-e-nes. n.s. Bad taste. Bad smell. Brown. UNSA'VOURY, fin-sa'-vfir-e. a. Tasteless. Job, vi. Having a bad taste. Milton. Having an ill smell 3 fetid. Brown. Unpleasing; disgusting. Hooker. 64 To UNS A'Y, fin-si', v. a. To retract ; to recant : to deny what has been said. Shakspeare. UNSCA'LY, iin-ska'-le. a. Having no scales. Gay. UNSCA'NNED, fin-skand'. a. Not measured ; not computed. Shakspeare. UNSCA'RED*, fin-skar'd'. a. Not frightened away. Cowper. UNSCA'RRED, fin-skar'd'. a. Not marked with wounds. Shakspeare. UNSCA'TTERED*, fin-skat'-tfird. a. Not dispersed ; not thrown into confusion. Sir T. Elyot. UNSOHOLA'STICK, fin-sk6-las'-lk. a. Not bred to literature. Locke. UNSCHO'OLED, fin-sk6Sl'd'. a. Uneducated 3 not learned. Hooker. UNSCO'RCHED, fin-skfirlsht'. 359. a. Not touched by fire. Shakspeare. UNSCO'URED, fin-skSfird'. a. Not cleaned by rub- bing. Shakspeare. UNSCRA'TCHED, fin-skratsht'. a. Not torn. Shak- speare. UNSCRE'ENED, fin-skreen'd'. a. Not covered 3 not protected. Boyle. To UNSCRE'W*, fin-skr63'. v. a. To looser. 3 \ unfasten by screwing back. Burnet. UNSCRI'PTURAL, fin-skrip'-tshu-ral. a. Not de- fensible by Scripture. Atterbury. To UNSE'AL, fin-sele'. v. a. [uivrselan, Sax.] To open any thing sealed. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNSEALED, fin-sel'd'. 359. a. Wanting a seal. Shak. Having the seal broken. To UNSE'AM, fin-seme', v. a. To rip 3 to cut open. Shakspeare. UNSE'ARCHABLE, fin-sertsh'-a-bl. a. Inscrutable: not to be explored. Milton. UNSE'ARCHABLENESS, fin-sertsh'-a-bl-nes. n. > Impossibility to be explored. Brainhall. UNSE ARCHED*, fin-serlsht'. a. Notexplr.ed: not examined. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNSEASONABLE, fin-se'-z'n-a-bl. a. Not suitable to time or occasion; unfit; untimely; ill-timed. Hooker. Not agreeable to the lime cV the year. Shak. Late : as, unseasonable time of night. UNSF/ASONABLEiNESS,fin-se'-z'n-a-bl-nes. n. j. Disagreement with time or place. Hale. UNSEASONABLY, fin-se'-z'n-a Die. ad. Not sea- sonably ; not agreeably to time re occasion. Hooker. UNSEASONED, fin-se'-z'n'd 359. a. Unseasona- ble ; untimely 3 ill-timed. Shak. Unformed ; not qualified by" use. Shak. Irregular; inordinate. Hayward. Not kept till fit for use. Not salted : as, wiseasoned meat. To UNSEAT*, fin-seet'. v. a. To throw from the seat. Coicper. UNSE'CONDED, ftn-sek'-fin-decl. a. Not supported. Sliak. Not exemplified a second time. Brrwn. To UNSE'CRET, fin-se'-krit. J9. v. a. To disclose 3 to divulge. Bacon. UNSE'CRET, fin-se'-kr?t. 99. a. Not close} not trusty. Shakspeare. UNSECU'RE, fin-se-kure'. a. Not safe. Denham. UNSEDU'CED, fin-se-dust'. a. Not drawn to ill. Shakspeare. UNSEEING, fin-see'-fng. 410. a. Wanting the power of vision. Shakspeare. To UNSEE'M, fin-seem', v.n. Not to seem. Shak- speare. Ob. J. UNSEE'MLINESS, fin-se^m'-le-nes. n.s. Indecen- cy; indecorum; uncomeliness. Hooker. UNSEE'MLY, fin-seem'-le. a. Indecent ; uncomely -: unbecoming. Hooker. UNSEE'MLY, fin-seem'-le. ad. Indecently ; unbe- comingly. 1 Cor. xiii. UNSEE^'N , fin-seen', a. Not seen ; not discovered. Sliak. Invisible; undiscoverable. Hooker. Un- skilled ; unexperienced. Clarendon UNSE'IZED*, fin-seez'd'. a. Not seized ; not taken possession of. Dryden. UNSE'LDOM*, fin-sel'-dfim. a. [un r elban, Sax.J Not seldom. UNSE'LFISH, fin-self -Ish. a. Not addicted to pri vate interest. Spectator. 981 UNS UNS O* 559.- -Fate, far, fall, fat;- -me, mel;- -plne pin ;— UNSE'NSED*,un-seW. a. Wanting distinct mean- ing; without a certain signification. Puller. UNSENSIBLE*, fin-seV-se-bl. a. Not sensible: now written insensible. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNSE'NT, fin-sent', a. Not sent.— Unsentfor. Not called by letter or messenger. Bp. Taylor. UNSE'PARABLE, fin-sep'-ar-a-bl. a. Not to be parted ; not to be divided. Shakspeare. UNSE'PARATED, fin-sep'-ar-a-ted. a. Not parted. Pope. UNSE'PULCHRED* fin-sep'-fil-kfird. a. Having no grave ; unburied. Chapman. UNSERVICEABLE, fin-ser'-vis-a-bl. a. Useless; bringing no advantage or convenience. Spenser. UNSERVICEABLENESS*, fin-ser'-vis-a-bl-nes. n. s. Unfitness for any thing ; uselessness. Sander- UNSERVICEABLY, fin-seV-v?s-a-ble. ad. Without use ; without advantage. Woodward. UNSE'T, fin-seV. a. Not set ; not placed. Hooker. To UNSETTLE, fin-set'-tl. v. a. To make uncertain. Arbuthnot. To move from a place. L' Estrange. To overthrow. Fleetwood. To UNSE'TTLE*, fin-set'-tl. v. n. To become un- settled. Sliakspeare. UNSETTLED, fin-set'-tl'd. 359. a. Not fixed in resolution ; not determined 5 not steady. South. Unequable ; not regular 5 changeable. Bentley. Not established. Dry den. Not fixed in a place or abode. Hooker. UNSE'TTLEDNESS, fin-seV-trd-nes. n. s. Irreso- lution ; undetermined state of mind. Hales. Un- certainly ; fluctuation. Dryden. Want of fixity. South. UNSE'TTLEMENT*, un-seV-tl-m&it. n. s. Unset- tledness ; irresolution. Barroio. UNSE'VERED, fin-sev'-fir'd. a. Not parted; not divided. Shakspeare. To UNSE'X, fin-seks'. v. a. To make otherwise than the sex commonly is. Shakspeare. To UNSHA'CKLE, fin-shak'-kl. v. a. To loose from bonds. Addison. UNSHA'DED*, fin-sha'-de'd. a. Not overspread with darkness. Davenant. UNSHA DOWED, fin-shad'-6de. a. Not clouded ; not darkened. Glanville. UNSHA'KEABLE, fin-sha'-ka-bl. a. Not subject to concussion. Sliak. Not to be moved in resolution. Barrow. LNSHA'KED, fin-shakt'. a. Not shaken. Shak- speare. Not in use. UNSHA'KEN, fin-sha'-k'n. 103. a. Not agitated ; not mcved. Shak. Not subject to concussion. Not weakened in resolution ; not moved. Miltcn. UNSHA'MED, fin-sham'd'. a. Not shamed. Dryden. UNSHA'MEFACED*,ftn-shame'-faste. a. Wanting modesty ; not bashful ; impudent. Bale. UNSHA'MEFACEDNESS* fin-shime'-&-sgd-n3s. n. s. Want of modesty ; impudence. Chalmers. To UNSHA'PE*, fin-shape', v. a. To confound ; to ruffle ; to throw into confusion. Shakspeui-e. UNSHA'PEN, fin-sha'-p'n. 103. a. [unj-ceapen, Sax.] Misshapen; deformed. Burnet. UNSHA'RED, fin-shar'd'. a. Not partaken; not had in common. Milton. To UNSHE'ATH, fin-sheTiF. 437. v. a. To draw from the scabbard. Shakspeare. UNSHE'D, fin-shed', a. Not spilt. Milton. UNSHE'LTERED, fiu-sheF-tfir'd. a. Wanting a screen ; wanting protection. Decay of Chr. Piety. UNSHIE'LDED, fin-sheel'-ded. a. "Not guarded by the shield. Dryden. To UNSHFP, fin-ship', v. a. To take out of a ship. Swift. UNSHO'CKED, fin-sh6kt'. 359. a. Not disgusted ; not offended. Tickell. UNSHOD, fin-shod', a. [unj-ceobb, Sax.] Having no shoes. Spenser. UNSHO'OK, un-sh6ok'. part. a. Not shaken. Pope. UNSHO'RN, fin sh6rn'. [See Shorn.] a. [un- rconon. Sax.] Not clipped. Milton. UN^HO'T, un-shol'. part. a. Not hit by shot. Waller. To UNSHOU'T, fin-sh5ut'. v. a. To annihilate, or retract a shout. Shakspeare. UNSHO'WERED, fin-shdfir'd'. a. Not watered by showers. Milton. UNSHRFNKING,fin-shrmgk'-lng. a. Not recoiling: not shunning danger or pain. Sliakspeare. UNSHU'NNABLE, fin-shfin'-na-bl. a. Inevitable. Sliakspeare. UNSI'FTED, fin-s?ft'-eM. a. Not parted by a sieve. May. Not tried ; not known by experience. Shak. UNSI'GHT, fin-site', a. Not seeing. Hudibras. UNSFGHTED, fin-sl'-ted. a. Invisible} not seen. Suckling. UNSI'GHTLINESS, fin-slte'-le-nes. n. s. Deformi- ty ; disagreeableness to the eye. Wiseman. UNSI'GHTLY, fin-slte'-le. a. Disagreeable to the sight. Shakspeare. UNSIGNFFICANT*, fin-sfg-nlf -e-kant. a. Wanting meaning or importance : now insignificant. Ham mond. UNSINCE'RE, fin-sfn-sere'. a. [insincerus, Lat.] Not hearty; not faithful. Shenstone. Not genuine; impure ; adulterated. Boyle. Not sound ; not solid. Dryden. UNSINCE'RITY, fin-sm-ser'-e-te. n.s. Adultera- tion; cheat; dishonesty of profession. Boyle. To UNSI'NEW, fin-sk'-fi. v. a. To deprive of strength. Denliam. UNSI'NEWED, fin-s?n'-ude. a. Nerveless; weak Sliakspeare. UNSFNGED,fin-s?nj'd'. 359. a. Not scorched; not touched by fire. Brow?i. UNSFNGLED*, fin-shig'-gl'd. a. Not separated , keeping in companies ; not single. Dryden, UNSFNKING, fin-s'fngk'-ing. 410. a. Not sinking. Addison. UNSl'NNTNG, fin-sm'-nmg. 410. a. [unj*ynni£, Sax.] Impeccable ; without sin. Hammond. UNSKFLFUL, fin-skn'-ful. a. Wanting art; want- ing knowledge. Locke. UNSKFLFULLY, fin-skll'-f&l-le. ad. Without knowledge ; without art. Sliakspeare. UNSKFLFULNESS, fin-skll'-ffil-nes. n.s. Want of art ; want of knowledge. Sidney. UNSKILLED, fin-sldld'. a. Wanting skill ; want- ing knowledge. Dryden. UNSLA'IN, fin-slane'. a. Not killed. Sidney. UNSLAKED, fin-slakt'. 359. [See To Slake.] a. Not quenched. Dryden. UNSLEEPING, fin-s'leep-fng. a. Ever wakeful. Milton. UNSLEE'PY*, fin-sleep'-e. a. [unyleepi^, Sax.] No; sleeping. UNSLFPPING, fin-sl?p'-Ing. 410. a. Not liable to slip ; fast. Shakspeare. UNSLOW*, fin-sl6'. a. [unj-lsep, Sax.] Not slow. UNSMFRCHED, fin-smertsht'. a. Unpolluted ; net stained. Shakspeare. UNSMO'KED, fin-sm6kt'. 359. a. Not smoked. Swift. UNSMO'OTH, fin-smfioTH'. a. Rough ; not even ; not Wei. Milton. Not used. UNSOCIABLE, fin-s6'-she-a-bl. a. [insociabilis, Lat.] Not kind 5 not communicative of good 5 not suitable to society. Raleigh. UNSO'CIABLY, fin-so'-she-a-ble. ad. Not kindly ; without good nature. L'Estrange. UNSOCIAL*, fin-so'-shal. a. Not beneficial to soci- ety ; hurtful to society. Shenstone. UNSOFT*, fin-soft', a. [unj-opfce, Sax.] Not soft; hard. Chaucer. UNSO'FT* fin-soft', ad. Not with softness. Spenser. UNSOILED,fin-soAd'. a. Not polluted; not tainted; not stained. Ray. UNSOLD, fin-sold', a Not exchanged for money. Dryden. UNSOLDIERED*, fin-sol'-jeVd. a. Wanting the accomplishments of a soldier. Beaumont and Fletcher. UNSOLDIERLIKE, fin-s6l'-jer-llke. \ a. Unbe- UNSOLDIERLY*, fin-s6l'-jer-le. \ comina a soldier. Broome. UNS UNS -no, move, n5r, n&l;— tube, tub, bull ;— oil ;• -pound ;— tlnn, THis. explicable UNSOLICITED*, fin-so-lis'-it-eU a. Not required not solicited. Lrt. Halifax. UNSO'LID, fin-sol'-Id. a. Fluid ; not coherent. Locke Having- no foundation. Thomson. UNSO'LVED, fin-solvd'. a. Not explicated. Watts UNSO'LVIBLE*, fin-sdl'-ve-bl. a. Not ex More. UNSOO'TE, fir.-soot'. a. Not sweet. See Soote, and Sweet. Spenser. UNSOPHISTICATED fin-so-Hs'-le-kate. ) UNSOPHISTICATED, fin-s6-f?s'-te-ka-teU \ a ' Not adulterated ; not counterfeit. More. UNSORROWED*, fin-sdr'-rode. a. Not bewailed ; unlamented. Hooker. UNSO'RTED, fin-sort'-eU a. Not distributed by proper separation. Watts. Not suitable. 'Shale. UNSOUGHT, fin-sawt'. a. Had without seeking-. Spenser. Not searched ; not explored. SJiak. To UNSO'UL* fin-s6le'. v. a. To divest of mind; to deprive of understanding. Shelton. UNSO'ULED*, 6n-s6ld'. a. Without soul ; without intellectual or vital principle. Spenser. UNSOUND, fin-sound', a. Sickly; wanting health. Denham. Not free from cracks. Rotten ; corrupt- ed. Not orthodox. Hooker. Not honest ; not up- right. Sluxk. Not true; not certain; not solid. Spenser. Not fast ; not calm. Daniel. Not close ; not compact. Mortimer. Not sincere ; not faithful. Gay. Not solid ; not material. Spenser. Errone- ous ; wrong. Fairfax. Not fast under foot. UNSO'UNDED, fin-so und'-eU a. Not tried by the plummet. Shakspeare. UNSOUNDNESS, fin-so&nd'-ngs. n.s. Erroneous- ness of belief; want of orthodoxy. Hooker. Cor- ruptness of any kind. Hooker. Want of strength ; want of solidity. Addison. UNSO'URED, fin-sd&rd'. 359. a. Not made sour. Bacon. Not made morose. Dryden. UNSOWN, fin-s6ne'. a. Not propagated by scatter ing seed. Bacon. UNSPA'RED, fin-spard'. 359. a. Not spared. Mil- ton. UNS"FA'RING, fin-spa'-rlng. 410. a. Not parsimoni ous. Milton. Not merciful. Milton. To UNSPE'AK, fin-speke'. v. a. To retract ; to re- cant. Shakspeare. UNSPE' ARABLE, fin-spe'-ka-bl. a. Not to be ex- pressed ; ineffable ; unutterable. Hooker. UNSPE'AKABLY, fin-spe'-ka-ble. ad. Inexpressi bly; ineffably. Spectator. UNSPECIFIED, fin-speV-se-flde. a. Not particu larly mentioned. Brown. UNSPE'CULATIVE,fin-spSk'-u-la-tlv. a. Nottheo retical. Government of the Tongue. UNSPE'D, fin-sped', a. Not despatched ; not per formed. Garth. UNSPE'NT, fin-spgnt'. a. Not wasted ; not diminish- ed ; not weakened ; not exhausted. ToUNSPHE'RE^i-sfere'. v. a. To remove from its orb. Slvxkspeare. UNSPFED, fin-splde'. a. Not searched ; not explor- ed. Milton. Not seen ; not discovered. Tickell. UNSPFLT, fin-spilt'. 3G9. a. Not shed. Denham. Not spoiled ; not marred. Tusser. To UNSPFR1T, fin-sph-'-it. v. a. To dispirit; to de- press ; to deject. Temple. UNSPFRITUAL*, fin-sp?r'-lt-tshu-dl. a. Notspirilu- al ; carnal. Puller. To UNSPFRITUALIZE* fin-sp?r'-?t-tshu-al-lze. v. a. To deprive of spirituality. South. UNSPOILED, fin-sp6?ld'. a. Not plundered ; not pillaged. Spenser. Not marred ; not hurt ; not made useless ; not corrupted. Pope. UNSPOTTED.. fin-spot'-teU a. Not marked with any stain. Dryden. Immaculate ; not tainted with guilt. Spenser. UNSPOTTEDNESS*, fin-sp&t'-tSd-nes. n. s. State of being unspotted or not tainted with guilt. Felt- ham. L'NSGJJA'RED, fin-skward'. 359. a. Not formed ; irregular. Sliakspeare. UNSTA'BLE, fin-sta'-bl. a. [instabilis, Lat.] Not not fast. Temple. Inconstant; irresolute. fixed ; James, i. UNSTA'ID, fin slide', a. Not cool; not prudent; not settled into discretion; not steady; mutable Sjienser. UNSTA'IDNESS, fin-stade'-nes. n.s. Indiscretion ; volatile mind. Uncertain motion. Sidjiey. UNSTA'INED, fin-stand', a. Not stained ; not d3ed j not discoloured ; not dishonoured ; not polluted. Hooker. To UNSTA'TE, fin-state', v. a. To put out of digni- ty Shakspeare. UNSTATUTABLE, fin -stat'-tshu-ta-bl. a. Century to statute. Swift. UNSTA'UNCHED, fin-stansht'. 215. a. Not stopped j not stayed. Sliakspeare. UNSTE'ADFAST, fin-stgd'-fast. a. Not fixed ; no* fast ; not resolute. Shakspeare. UNSTE'ADFASTNESS*, fin-sted'-fast-ne's. n. s. Want of steadfastness. K. James's Proclam. fen- Uniformity. UNSTEADILY, fin-suM'-de-le. ad. Without any certainty. Inconstantly; not consistently. Locke. UNSTE'ADINESS, fin-sted'-de-nes. n. s. Want of constancy; irresolution; mutability. Addison. UNSTE'ADY, fin-sted'-de. a. Inconstant; irresolute. Denham. Mutable ; variable ; changeable. Locke. Not fixed ; not settled. UNSTE'EPED, fin-steept'. 359. a. Not soaked. Ba- con. UNSTl'LL*, fin-stir 7 , a. [unrfcille, Sax.] Unquiet. To UNSTFNG, fin-sting', v. a. To disarm of a sling. South. UNSTFNTED,fin-st?nt'-e ! d. a. Not limited. Skelton. UNSTl'RRED, un-stfird'. a. Not stirred; not agitat- ed. Boyle. To UNSTFTCH, fin-stltsh'. v. a. To open by pick- ing the stitches. Collier. UNSTO OPING, fin-stod'-plng. a. Not bending; not yielding. Sliaksj)eare. To UNSTOP, fin-si6p'. v. a. To free from slop or obstruction j to open. Boyle. UNSTOPPED, fin-stopt'. a. Meeting no resistance. Dryden. UNSTO'RMED*, fin-sldrmd'. a. Not taken by as- sault. Addison. UNSTRAINED, fin-strand', a. Easy ; not forced. Hakewill. UNSTRA'ITENED, fin-stra'-tnd. 359. a. Not' con- tracted. Glanville. UNSTRE'NGTHENED, fin-streW-tfmd. 359. a. Not supported ; not assisted. Hooker. To UNSTRFNG, fin-string', v. a. To relax any thing strung; to deprive of strings. Shak. To loose; to untie. Dryden. UNSTRU'CK, fin-strfik'. a. Not moved ; not affect- ed. Phillips. UNSTU'DIED, fin-stfid'-?d. 282. a. Not premeditat- ed ; not laboured. Dryden. UNSTU'FFED, fin-stfift'. 359. a. Unfilled; not crowded. Shakspeare. UNSU'BJECT*, fin-sfib'-jekt. a. Not subject; not liable ; not obnoxious. Hooker. UNSUBMFTTING*, fin-sfib-mlt'-t?ng. a. Not obse- quious ; not readily yielding ; disdaining submis- sion. Thomson. UNSUBSTA'NTIAL, fin-sab-slan'-shal. a. Not sol- id ; not palpable. Shakspeare. Not real. Addison. UNSUCCEE'DED, fin-sfik-see'-deU a. Not suc- ceeded. Milton. UNSUCCE'SSFUL, fin-sfik-seV-ful. a. Not having the wished event ; not fortunate. Cleaveland. UNSUCCESSFULLY, fin-sfik-seV-ful-e. ad. Un- fortunately ; without success. UNSUCCE'SSFULNESS, fin-sfik-sCs'-ful-ne's. n. s. Want of success ; event contrary to wish. Ham- mond. UNSUCCE'SSIVE, fin-sfik-seV-siv. a. Not proceed- ing by flux of parts. Brown. UNSU'CKED, fin-sfikt'. 359. a. Not having the breasts drawn. Milton. UNSU'FFERABLE, fin-sfiP-fur-a-bl. a. Not. sup- 983 UNS UNT KT 559.- -Fate, far, fall fat; — me, met ; —pine p?n;— portable ; intolerable ; not to be endured. Hook- er. UNSUFFI'CIENCEjfin-sfif-flsh'-euse. n.s, [insuf- jisance, Fr.] Inability to answer the end proposed. Hooker. UNSUFFl'CIENT, fin-sfif-flsh'-ent. a. [insuffisant, Fr.] Unable; inadequate. Locke. UNSU'GARED, fin-shug'-fird. 359. a. Not sweeten- ed with sugar. Bacon. UNSUITABLE, fin-su'-ta-bl. a. Not congruous ; not equal ; not proportionate. Shakspeare. UNSUI'TABLENESS, fin-siV-ta-bl-nes. n. s. Incon- gruity; unfitness. South. UNSUFTING, fin-su'-tfng. 410. a. Not fitting ; not becoming. Shakspeare. UNSU'LLIED, un-sul'-lld. 232 a. Not ibuled ; not disgraced ; pure. Sliakspeare. UNSU'NG, fin-s&ng'.a. Not celebrated inverse; not recited in verse. Milton. UNSU'NNED, un-sfind'. 359. a. Not exposed to the sun. Milton. UNSUPE'RFLUOUS, fin-su-per'-flu-fis. a. Not more than enough. Milton. UNSUPPLA'NTED,un-sup-plaW-ed. «• Not forced or thrown from under that which supports it. Phil- lips. Not defeated by stratagem. UNSUPPLFABLE*, fin-sfip-pli' a-bl. a. Not to be supplied. Chillingworth. UNSUPPLI'ED, fin-sfip-plide'. a. Not supplied; not accommodated with something necessary. Dryden. UNSUPPO'RTABLE, fin-sfip-port'-a-bl. a. [insup- portable, Fr.] Intolerable ; such as cannot be en- dured. Boyle. UNSUPPO'RTABLENESS*, fin-sfip-pc-rt'-a-bl- nes. n. s. State of being unsupportable. Wilkins. UNSUPPO RTABLY, fin-sfip- P 6rt'-a-ble. ad. In- tolerably. South. UNSUPPORTED, fin-sup-p6rt'-eu. a. Not sustain- ed ; not held up. Milton. Not assisted. Brown. UNSUPPRE'SSED*, fin-sfip-prest'. a. Not sup- pressed ; not kept under ; not extinguished. Bp. Barlow. UNSU'RE, fin-shure'. a. Not fixed; not certain. Shakspeare. UNSURMO'UNTABLE,fin-sur-mSunt'-a-bl. a. [in- surmountable, Fr.] Insuperable ; not to be over- come. Locke. UNSUSCE'PTIBLE, fin-s&s-sep'-te-bl. a. Incapa- ble ; not liable to admit. Swift. UNSUSPE'CT, un-sus-pekt'. ) a. Not consid- UNSUSPE'CTED, fin-sfis-pek'-ted. \ ered as like- ly to do or mean ill. Sliakspeare. UNSUSPE'CTING,un-sus-pek'-tmg. a. Not imagin- ing that any ill is designed. Pope. UNSUSPFCIOUS, fin-sfis-pish'-fis. a. Having no fin-sfis-uV-na-bl. a. Not to susDicion. Milton. UNSUSTAINABLE* be sustained. Barrow. UNSUSTA'INED, fin-sfis-tand'. a. Not supported ; not held up. Milton.. ToUNSWA'THE^n-swaTHe'. v. a. To free from folds or convolutions of bandage. Addison. Urv T S WA'YABLE, fin-swa'-a-bl. a. Not to be govern- ed or influenced by another. Shakspeare. UNSWA'YED,fin-swade'. a. Not wielded ; not held in the hand. Shakspeare. UNSWA'YEDNESS*, ftn-swa'-ed-nes. n. s. Steadi- ness ; state of being ungoverned by another. Hales. 7'oUNSWE'AR, fin-sware'. v.n. Not to swear ; to recant any thing sworn. Spenser. To UNSWE'AR*, fin-sware'. v. a. To recall what is sworn. Beaumont and Fletcher. To UNSWE'AT, fin-swet'. v. a. To ease after fa- tigue ; to cool after exercise. Milton. UNSWE'ATING, un-swetMng. a. Not sweating. Dryden. UNSWEE'T, fin-sweet', a. [unfpefc, Sax.] Not sweet ; disagreeable. Spenser. UNSWETT, fin-swept', a. Not brushed away ; not cleaned by sweeping. Shakspeare. UNSWORN. fin-sw6rn'. a. Not bound by an oath. SluxJcspeare. To UNTA'CK*, fin-tak'. v. a. To disjoin ; to separ ate. Milton. UNTA'INTED, fin-tant'-ed. a. Not sullied ; not pol luted. Shak. Not charged with any crime. Shak. Not corrupted by mixture. Smith. UNTA'INTEDLY*, fin-tant'-ed-le. ad. Without spot; without imputation of crime. South. UNTA'INTEDNESS*, 6n-tant'-ed-nes. n. s. Slate or qualitv of being untainted. Bp. Hall. UNTA'KEN, fin-ta'-kn. a. Not taken. 2 Cor. iii — Untaken up. Not filled. Boyle. UNTA'LKED-o/, fin-tawkt'-ov. a. Not mentioned in the world. Shakspeare. UNTA'MEABLE, 6n-ta'-ma-bl. a. Not to be tamed not to be subdued. Wilkins. UNTA'MED, fin-tamd'. 359. a. [nnfcemeb, Sax.] Not subdued ; not suppressed ; not softened by cul- ture or discipline. Spenser. To UNTA'NGLE, fin-lang'-gl. 405. v. a. To loose from intricacy or convolution. Shakspeare. UNTA'STED, fin-tas'-ted. a. Not tasted ; not tried by the palate. Waller. UNTA'STING, fin-tas'-tlng. 410. a. Not perceiving any taste. Smith. Not trying by the palate. UNTAUGHT, fin-tawt'. a. Uninstructed ; unedu- cated ; ignorant ; unlettered. Ecclns. xx. Debar red from instruction. Locke. Unskilled ; new ; not having use or practice. Shakspeare. UNTA'XED*, fin-takst'. a. Not charged with taxes. Warton. Exempt from reproach. Bacon. roUNTEA'CH,fin-tetsh'. v. a. To make to quit or forget what has been inculcate;! Brown. UNTEA'CHABLE, fin-tetsh'-a-bl a That cannot be taught. Milton. UNTE'EMlNG*,fin-teem'-fng.a L untemenb,Sax.] Barren. UNTEMPERED, fin-tem'-pfird. a. Not tempered. Ezek. xiii. UNTE MPTED, un-temt'-gd. a. Not embarrassed by temptation. Bp. Taylor. Not invited by any thing alluring. Cotton. UNTENABLE, fin-ten'-a-bl. [See Tenable.] a. Not to be held in possession. Not capable of de- fence. Clarendon. UNTENANTED, fin-ten'-ant-ed. a. Having no ten ant. Temple. UNTE'NDED, fin-tend'-ed. a. Not having any at- tendance. Thomson. UNTE'NDER,un-ten'-dur.98. a. Wanting softness ; wanting affection. Shakspeare. UNTE'NDERED.un-ten'-dfird.a. Not offered. Shak. To UNTE'NT, fin-tent', v. a. To bring out of a tent, Shakspeare. UNTE'NTED, fin-tent'-ed. a. [from tent.] Having no medicaments applied. Shakspeare. UNTE'RRIFIED,fin-ter'-re-flde. 359. a. Not af- frighted ; not struck with fear. Milton. UNTHA'NKED, fin-*/iankt'. a. Not repaid with ac- knowledgement of kindness. Milton. Not received with thankfulness. Dryden. UNTHA'NKFUL, fin-^ank'-ffil. a. [unSancpull, Sax.] Ungrateful ; returning no acknowledgement for good received. St. Luke, vi. UNTHA NKFULLY, fin-Mnk'-ful-e. ad. Without thanks ; without gratitude. Boyle. UNTHA'NKFULNESS, un-J/iank'-ful-nes. n. s. [unftancpullneype, Sax.] Neglect or omission of acknowledgement for good received ; want of senge of benefits; ingratitude. Shakspeare. UNTHA'WED, fiiW/iawd'. a. Not dissolved after frost. Pope. To UNTHI'NK, fin-f/iink'. v. a. To recall or dismiss a thought. Shakspeare. UNTHFNKING ; fin-«/mik'-1ng. a. Thoughtless; not given to reflection. Locke. UNTHINK1NGNESS*, ftn-*/(mk'-?ng-nes. n. s Constant want of thought. Ld. Halifax. UNTHO'RNY, fin-2/i6r'-ne. a. Not obstructed by prickles. Brown. UNTHO'UGHT,fin-//iawt'. part. a. Not supposed to be. B. Jonson. — Unthought-of. Not regarded not heeded. Sliakspeare. 984 UNT UNU -n6, move. n5r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 611 ; — p6und ; — tliin, THis. To UNTHREAD, un-tfired'. v. a. To loose. Milton. LNTHRE'ATENED, un-f/iret'-tnd. 359. a. Not menaced. King C.'utrles. U'NTHRIFT, uiW/irlft'. n. s. An extravagant ; a prodigal. Sliakspeare. U'NTHRIFT, fiu-rtjrfft'. a. Profuse; wasteful ; prod- igal ; extravagant. Sliakspeare. UNTHRFFTILY, un-tfirlf'-te-le. ad. Without fru- gality. Collier. UNTHRFFTINESS, un-tfirlf-te-nes. n. s. Waste ; prodiffality ; profusion. Hayicard. UNTHRIFTY, un-thritUk. 'a. Prodigal ; profuse ; lavish ; wasteful. Sidney. Not in a state of im- provement. Shak. Not easily made to thrive or fatten : a low word. Mortimer. UNTHRFV1NG, un-tfu-i'-ving. a. Not thriving; not prospering ; not growing rich. Gov. of the Tongue. To UNTHRO'NE, un-*/ir6ne'. v. a. To pull down from a throne. Milton. UNTFDY*, un-ti'-de. a. Not tidy ; not seasonable ; not ready. Bale. ToUNTI'E, un-ti'. v. a. [unfci^an, Sax.] To un- bind ; to free from bonds. Shak. To loosen ; to make not fast; to unfasten. Waller. To loosen from convolution or knot. Pope. To set free from any obstruction. Bp. Taylor. To resolve ; to clear. Denliam. UNTFED, fin-tide'. 282. a. Not bound; not gathered in a knot. Prior. Not fastened by any binding or knot. Sliak. Not fast. Not held by any tie or band. UNTIL, un-tfl'. ad. To the time that. Gen. xlix. To the place that. Dryden. To the degree that. 2 Chron. xviii. UNTPL, fin-til', prep. To : used of time. Judges, xviii. To: used of objects : obsolete. Spenser. To UNTFLE*, fin-llle'. v. a. To strip of tiles. Swirl. UNTFLLED, fin-tllld'. 359. a. Not cultivated. Black- more. UNTFMBERED, fln-tW-bfird. a. Not furnished with timber ; weak. Sliakspeare. UNTFMELY, fin-tlme'-le. a. Happening before the natural time. Dryden. Ill-timed, in any respect. Spenser. UNTFMELY, fin-tlme'-le. ad. Before the natural time. Spenser. UNTFNGED, fin-tfnjd'. a. Not stained; not dis- coloured. Boule. Not infected. Sicift. UNTFRABLE, fin-tl'-ra-bl. a. Indefatigable ; un- wearied. Shakspeare. UNTFRED, un-tlrd'. 282. a. Not made weary. Shak. UNTPTLED, fin-ll'-tld. 359. a. Having no title. Shakspeare. U'NTO, fin'-lod. prep. [It was the old word for to ; now obsolete.] To. See To. Ps. xxxvi. UNTOLD, fin-told', a. Not related. Waller. Not revealed. Dryden. Not numbered. 7\>UNTO'MB* fin-toom'. v.a. To disinter. Fuller. UNTOUCHABLE*, un-tfilsh'-a-bl. a. Not to be touched. Feltham. UNTOUCHED, fin-tutsht'. 359. a. Not touched ; not reached. Brown. Not moved; not affected. Sid- ney. Not meddled with. Dryden. UNTOWARD, fin-to'-wurd. a. Froward; per- verse; vexatious; not easily guided, or taught. Shale. Awkward; ungraceful. Creech. Inconve- nient ; troublesome ; unmanageable. Hudibras. UNTOWARDLY, fin-t6'-wfird-le. a. Awkward; perverse ; froward. Locke. UNTOWARDLY, fin-t6'-wfird-le. ad. Awkwardly; ungainly ; perversely. Tillotson. UNTOWARDNESS* fin-to'-wfird-nes. n. s. Per- verseness. Bp. Wilson. UNTRACEABLE, fin-tra'-sa-bl. a. Not to be traced. South. UNTRA'CED, fin-trast'. a. Not marked by any foot- steps. Denham. UNTRA'CKED*, fin-trakt'. a. Not marked by any footsteps ; untraced. Bp. Hall. UNTRA'CTABLE, un-trak'-ta-bl. a. [intraitable, Fr. ; intractabilis, Lat.] Not yielding to common measures and management ; not governable ; stub- born. Hay ward. Rough; difficult. Milton.' U.Vi'RA'CTABLENESS, fin-trak'-ta-bl-nes. n. s> Unwillingness, or unfitness to be regulated or man- aged ; stubbornness. Locke. UNTRA'DING, un-tra'-ding. 410. a. Not engaged in commerce. Locke. UNTRA'INED, fin-trand'.a. Not educated ; not in- structed; not disciplined. Hayward. Irregular; ungovernable. Herbert. UNTRANSFERABLE, fin-trans-fiV-a-bl. a. Inca pable of being given from one to another. Howell UNTRANSLATABLE* fin-tran-sla'-ti-bl. a. Not capable of being translated. Gray. UNTRANSLATED*, fin-tran-sla'-ted. a. Not translated. Hales. UNTRANSPA'RENT, fin-trans-pa'-renL a. Not diaphanous; opaque. Boyle. UNTRA'VELLED. fin-trav'-ild. a. Never trodden by passengers. Brown. Having never seen for- eign countries. Addison. To UNTRE'AD, fin-tred'. v. a. To tread back ; to go back in the same steps. Shakspeare. UNTREA'SURED, fin-trezh'-fird. a. Not laid up; not reposited. Shakspeare. LNTRE'ATABLE, fin-tre'-ta-bl. a. Not treatable ; not practicable. Decay of Chr. Piety. UNTRPED, fin-lrlde'. 282. a. Not yet attempted. Milton. Not yet experienced. Alterbury. Not hav- ing passed trial. Milton. UNTRPUMPHABLE, fin-trl'-fimf-a-bl. a. Which allows no triumph. Hudibras. UNTRPUMPHED*, fin-tri'-fimft. a. Not triumphed over. May. UNTROD, fin-trod'. ) a. Not passed; UNTRODDEN, fin-trod'-dn. 103. $ not marked by the foot. Milton. j UNTROLLED, fin-tr&ld'. a. Not bowled ; not roll- i ed along. Dryden. \ UNTROUBLED, fin-trfib'-bld. 405. a. Not disturb j ed by care, sorrow, or guilt. Sluxk. Not agitated : not confused; free from passion. Milton. Nolin- I terrupted in the natural course. Spenser. Trans. ! parent ; clear ; not mudded. Bacon. j UNTROUBLEDNESS*, fin-trfib'-bld-nes. n. s I Stale of being untroubled ; unconcern. Hammond. iUNTRU'E, fin-troo'. 339. a. False; contrary to re- alitv. Hooker. False; not faithful. Suckling. [UNTRULY, fin-troo'-le. ad. Falsely; not accord j ing to truth. Hooker. i UNTRU'STINESS, fin-trfis'-te-nes. n.s. Unfaith I fulness. Hayward. | UNTRUTH, &n-troo&'. n. s. Falsehood ; contra riety to reality. Moral falsehood; not veracity Sa?idys. Treachery; want of fidelity. Shak. False, assertion. Hooker. UNTU NABLE, fin-lu'-na-bl. a. Unharmonious ; not musical. Bacon. UNTU'NABLENESS*,un-tu'-na-bl-nes. n.s. Want of harmony. Dr. WaHon. To UNTUNE, fin-time' . v.a. To make incapabh; of harmony. Shak. To disorder. Sliakspeare. UNTU'RNED, fin-turnd'. a. Not turned. Dryden. UNTU'TORED, un-tu -t&rd. 359. a. Uninstructed , untaught. Shakspeare. To UNTWPNE, fin-twine', v. a. To open what is held together by convolution. Waller. To opei. what is wrapped on itself. Bacon. To separate that which clasps round any thing. Ascham. To UNTWPST, fin-twist', v. a. To separate any things involved in each other, or wrapped up o\ themselves. Spenser. To UNT Y, un-ti'. v.a. See To Uhtie. To loose Shakspea)-e. UNU'NIFORM, un-yu'-ne-f6rm. a. Wanting uni formitv. Decay of Chr. Piety. UNU'RGED, finfirjd'. 359. a. Not incited; not pressed. Shakspeare. UNU'SED, un-uzd'. 359. a. Not put to use j ployed. Sidney. Not accustomed. Si ' UNU'SEFUL, un-use'-ful. a. Useless] puqiose. Glanville. UNU SUA L. fin-iV-zhu-al. 456. a. Not common ; not frequent; rare. Hooker. 985 serving no 13 NW UiSW [CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pbe, pin ;— UNU'SUALLY, fin-u'-zhu-al-le. ad. Not in the usual manner. UNU'SUALNESS, fin-u'-zhu-al-n§s. n.s. Uncom- monness ; infrequency. Broome. UNUTTERABLE, fin-fit'-tfir-a-bl. a. Ineffable} inexpressible. Milton. To UNVA'IL, fin-vale', v. a. To uncover ; to strip of a vail. Denham. UNVA'LUABLE, fin-val'-u-a-bl. a. Inestimable ; being- above price. Atterbwy. UNVALUED, fin-val'-ude. a. Not prized ; neg- lected. Shak. Inestimable; above price. Shak. UNVA'NQUISHABLE*, fm-van'-kw?sh-a-bl. a. INot to be subdued. Bp. King. UNVA'NQUISHED, fin-van'-kw?sht. a. Not con- quered; not overcome. Shakspeare. UNVA'RIABLE, fin-va'-re-a-bl. a. [invariable, Fr.] Not changeable ; not mutable. Norris. UNVARIED, fin-va'-rld. 282. a. Not changed; not diversified. Locke. UNVA'RNISHED, fin-var'-n?sht. a. Not overlaid with varnish. Not adorned ; not decorated. Shak. JNVA'RYING, fin-va'-re-lng. 410. a. Not liable to change. Locke. To UNVEIL, fin-vale 7 , v. a. To uncover; to divest of a veil. Milton. To disclose; to show. Shak. UNVE'ILEDLY, fin-va'-le.d-le. 104. ad. Plainly ; without disguise. Boyle. UNVE'NERABLE*, fin-ven'-er-a-bl. a. Not wor- thy of respect. Shakspeare. UNVE'NTILATED, fin-ven'-te-la-ted. a. Not fan- ned by the wind. Blackmore. UNVE'RDANT*, fin-veV-dant. a. Having no ver- dure ; spoiled of its green. Congreve. UNVE'RITABLE, fin-ver'-e-ta-bl. a. Not true. Braivn. UNVE'RSED, fin-verst'. 359. a. Unacquainted ; un- skilled. Blackmore. UNVE'XED, fin-vekst'. 359. a. Untroubled , undis- turbed. Shakspeare. UNVI'OLATED, fin-vi'-6-la-ted. a. Not injured; not broken. Shakspeare. UNVIRTUOUS, fin-veV-tshu-us. a. Wanting vir- 1 tue. Shakspeare. To UNVI'SARD* fin-vlz'-lrd. v. a. To unmask. I Millon. UNVI'SITED, fin-vlz'-ft-ed. a. Not resorted to. Milton. UNVITIATED*, fin-vlsh'-e-a-ted. a. Not corrupt- ed. B. Jonson. To UNVOTE*, fin-vote', v. a. To destroy by a con- trary vote ; to annul a former vole. Bumet. UNVO'WELLED*, fin-v6u'-eld. a. Without vow- els. Skinner. UNVO'YAGEABLE, fin-v6e'-a-ja-bl. a. Not to be j passed over or voyaged. Milton. UNVU'LGAR*, fin-vfil'-gar. a. Not common. B. Jonson. UNVU'LNERABLE, fin-vfil'-nfir-a-bl. a. Exempt from wound ; not vulnerable. Shakspeare. UNWA'ITED*, fin-wa'-ted. a. Not attended. Beau- mont and Fletcher. UNWA'KENED, fin-wa'-k'n'd. 103, 359. a. Not roused from sleep. Millon. UNWA'LLED, fin-wawl'd'. a. Having no walls, j Knolles. UNWA'RES, fin-warz'. ad. Unexpectedly ; before | anv cauti-in, or expectation. Spenser. UNWA'RILY, fin-wa'-re-le. ad. Without cai'tion ; carelesslv ; heedlesslv. Shakspeare. UNWA'RINESS, fin-wa'-re-nes. n. s. Want of cau- tion ; carelessness. Spectator. UNWA RL1KE, fin-wai-Mike. a. Not fit for war; not used to war ; not military. Walkr. UN WA'RMED*, fin-warm'd 7 . a. Not exciteu ; not animated. Addison. UNWA'RNED, fin-warn'd'. 359. a. [unpapnob, Sax.] Not cautioned ; not made wary. Locke. ToUNWA'RP* fin-warp'. ?'. a. To reduce from the stale of being warped. Evelyn. t'NWA'RPED*, fin-^varpt'. a. Not biassed; not turned aside from the true direction, Thomson. UNWARRANTABLE, fin-w&r'-ran-ta-bl. a. Nol defensible; not to be justified; not allowed. Glan ville. UN WA'RRAN TABLENESS* fin-w&r'-rant-a-bl nfe. n. s. State of being unwarrantable. Abp. San croft. UNWARRANTABLY, fin- w&r'-ran-ta-ble. ad. Not justifiably ; not defensibly. Wake. UNWARRANTED, fin-w&r'-ran-ted. a. Not as* cerlained; uncertain. Bacon. UNWA'RY, fin-wa'-re. a. [unpsep, Sax.] Wanting caution; imprudent; hasty; precipitate. Milton. Unexpected : obsolete. Spenser. UNWA'SHED, fin-woshl'. ) a. [unpsercen, Sax.1 UNWA'SHEN, fin-w6sh'-n. $ Not washed; not cleansed by washing. St. Matt. xv. UNWA'STED, fin-wa'-sted. a. Not consumed not diminished. Blackmore. UNWA'STING, fin-wa'-stfng. 410. a. Not growing less ; not decaying. Pope. UN YVA'YED, fin-wade 7 , a. Not used to travel ; not seasoned in the road. Suckling. UNWE'AKENED, fin-we'-kVd. 103, 359. a. Not weakened. Boyle. UNWE'APONED, fin-wep'-p'nd. 103, 359. a. Not furnished with offensive arms. Raleigh. UNWE'ARIABLE, fin-we'-re-a-bl. a. Not to be tired ; indefatigable. Hooker. UNWE'ARIABLY*, fin-we'-re-a-ble. ad. So asnot to be fatigued. Bp. Hall. UN WEARIED, fin-we'-rfd. 282. a. Not tired ; not fatigued. Millon. Indefatigable ;. continual ; nol to be spent ; not sinking under fatigW. Spenser. UNWE'ARIEDLY* 6n-we'-re-ed-le. n. s. Plants. Stukeleif. VENUS' Looking-glass. C VENUS' Navel-wort. J VENU'ST* ve-n&si'. a. [venuste, old Fr. j vemifhis, Lat.] Beautiful ; amiable. Waterhouse. Ob. T. VERA'CIOUS, ve-ra'-shus. 357. a. [verax, Lat.] Observant of truth. Barroio VERACITY, ve-ras'-e-le. n. s. [verax, Lat.] Moral truth ; honesty of report. In strict propriety, veraci- ty is applicable only to persons, and signifies not physical but moral truth. Bryant. Physical truth; consistency of report with fact : less proper. Addison. VERANDA*, ve-ran'-da. n. s. A word adopted from the East, where it means the covering of a house extended beyond the main pile of building, and forming, by a sloping roof, external passages ; a kind of open portico. VERB §, verb. n. s. [verbe, Fr. ; verbum, Lat.] A part of speech signifying existence, or some modinca tion thereof, as action, passion. Clarke. A word South. VERBAL, verb'-al. 88. a. [Fr. ; verbalis, Lat.] Spoken, not written. Oral; uttered by mouth. Sliak. Consisting in mere words. Milton. Ver- bose ; full of words. Shak. Minutely exact in words. Pope. Literal ; having word answering to word. Denham. A verbal noun is a noun deriv ed from a verb. VERBA'LITY, ver-bal'-e-te. n.s. Mere words; baie literal expression. Brown. To VE'RBALIZE*, veV-bal-lze. v. a. To make a verb ; to turn into a verb. Instruct, for Oral. VE'RBALLY, ver'-bal-e. ad. In words; orally. South. Word for word. Dryden. VERBA' TIM, ver-ba'-tlm. ad. [Lat.] Word for word. Sliakspcare. To VE'RBERATE §, ver'-ber-ate. 94. v. a. [verbero, Lat.] To beat ; to strike. Abp. Sancroft. VERBERA'TION, ver-ber-a'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Blows ; beating. Arbuthnot. VE'RBIAGE*,vfr-bli-hje.n.s. [Fr.] Verbosity; much emptv writing or discourse. Johnson. VERBO / SE§,v^r-b6se / . 427. a. [verbosus, Lat.] Ex- uberant in words ; prolix ; tedious by multiplicity of words. Ayliffe. VERBOSITY, ver-bos'-e-te. n.s. [verbositi, Fr.] Exuberance of words ; much empty talk. Sliak. VE'RDANCY* veV-dan-se.n.s. Greenness. Norris. VE'RDANT, ver'-dant. a. [verdoiant, Fr. ; viridant, Lat.] Green. Milton. VE'RDERER, ver'-der-ur. 555. n. s. [verdier, Fr. , viridarius, low Lat.] An officer in the forest. How- ell. , . VE RDICT, ver'-dlkt. n. s. [old Fr. ; verum dictum, Lat.] The determination of the jury declared to the judge. Spenser. Declaration ; decision ; judge- ment ; opinion. Hooker. VE'RDIGRIS, ver'-de-grees. 112. n. s. The rust of brass, which in time, being consumed and eaten with tallow, turns into green, [vert de gris, Fr.] Bacon. VE'RDITER, ver'-de-tur. n.s. Chalk made green.. Peacham. VE'RDITUREt, veV-de-ture. n.s. The iaintest and palest green. _~ " VE'RDURE^veV-jiire. 461,376. n. s. [Fr.] Green; green colour. Milton. VE'RDUROUS, ver'-ju-rus. 314. a. Green; covered with green ; decked with green. Drayton. VE'RECUND, ver'-e-kand _ \a. [vere- VERECUNDIOUS*, veY-e-kfin'-de-us. $ cond, old Fr. ; verecundus, Lat.] Modest ; bashful. Wotton. VERECUNDITY* ver-e-kuu'-de-tC n. s. [tere- 996 — n6, move, n5r, not ; — tube, tub, hi.il;— o?!; — poimd ; — //till, THIS!. cundia, Lat.] Basbfuluess 5 modesty j blushing. Lemon. VERGER v£rje. n.s. [Fr. ; virga, Lat.] A rod, or something in form of a rod, carried as an emblem of authority ; the mace of a dean. Swift, [vergo, Lat.l The brink; the edge; the utmost border. Shak. [In law.] The compass about the king's court, bounding the jurisdiction of the lord steward of the king's household, and of the coroner of the king's house, and which seems to have been twelve miles round. A stick, or rod. whereby one is ad- mitted tenant, and, holding it in his hand, svveareth fealty to the lord of the manor. Cowel. To VERGE, verje. v.n. [vergo, Lat.] To tend ; to bend downwards. Holder. VE'RGER, ver'-jor. 98. n. s. [old Fr.] He that car- ries the mace before the dean. Farquhar. VERl'DICAL, ve-rld'-e-kal. a. [veridicus, Lat.] Telling truth. Diet. VERIFIABLE* vey-e-fl-a-bl, a. That may be veri- fied ; that may be confirmed by incontestable evi- dence. South. VERIFICATION, vgr-e-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. Confir- ^ malion by argument or evidence. Bp. Taijlor. VE'RIFIER, ver'-e-fl-fir. n. s. One who assures a thing to be true. ToVE'RlFY§, ver'-e-fl. v. a. [va-ijkr, Fr.] To jus- tify against charge of falsehood": to confirm'; to prove tme. Hooker. VF/RILY, ver'-e-le. ad. In truth ; certainly. Shak. Willi great confidence. Bacon. VERISIMILAR, ver-e-sW-e-lflr. 88. ) a. [verisimi- VERISFMILOUS, ver-e-sim'-e-lus. \ lis, Lat.] Probable ; likely. White. VERISIMILITUDE, veV-e-snn-mtl'-e-tude. ) VERISIMFL1TY, ver-e-slm-mil'-e-te. \ n ' s ' [verisi?Jiilitudo, Lat.] Probability; likelihood; re- semblance of truth. Brown. VF/RITABLE, veV-e-ta-bl. 405. a. [veritable, Fr.] True ; agreeable to fact. ShaJcspeare. VF/RITABLY, ver'-e-ta-ble. ad. In a true manner. VE'RITY, veV-e-te. n. s. [verite, Fr. ; Veritas. Lat.] Truth ; consonance to the reaiily of things. Hooker. A true assertion 5 a true tenet. Sidney. Moral truth ; agreement of the words with the thoughts. VE'RJUICE, veV-jSs. n. s. [verjus, Fr.] Acid liquor expressed from crab-apples. Dry den. VE'RMEIL*. See Vermil. VERMICELLI, ver-me-tshel'-e. n. s. [Ttal.] A paste rolled and broken in the form of worms. Prior. $Ejr° This word is perfectly Italian, and may bo pardoned in irregularity, because, like several other foreign words, being confined to a small circle, they are like so many excrescences on the surface of the language, which dis- tjgure without corrupting it. — See Principles, No. 338. W. VERMFCULAR, ver-mfk'-u-lar. 88. a. [vermicuhis, Lat.] Acting like a worm ; continued from one part to another of the same body. Cheijne. To VERMFCULATE, veY-muV-u-late. v. a. [ver- vvicule, Fr. ; vermiculatus, Lat.l To inlay ; to work in checker work, or pieces of divers colours. Bai- ley. VERMICULA'TIGN, ver-mfo-u-la'-shun. n. s. Con- tinuation of motion from one part to another. Hale. VE'RMICULE, veV-me-kule. n. s. [vermicuhis, ver- mis, Lat.] A little grub, or worm. Derlunn. VERMPCULOUS, ver-mfk'-fr-lus. a. [vermiculosus , Lat.] Full of grubs; resembling grubs. VE'RMIFORM, ver'-me-fSrm. a. [vermiforme, Fr. ; vermis and formo, Lat.] Having the shape of a worm. VE'RMIFUGE, vlr'-me-fudje. n. s. [vermis and fugo, Lat.] Any medicine that destroys or expels worms. VE'RMIL, veV-mn. ~) n. s. [vermeil. VERMPLION. ver-mil'-yfin. 113. J. vermilion, Fr.] VE'RMILY*. veV-me-le. ) The cochineal ; a grub of a particular plant. Factitious or native cinnabar ; sulphur mixed with mercury. Spenser. Art beautiful red colour. Spenser 65 To VERMPLION, ver-mfl'-yun. v . a. To dye red Granville. VE'RMIN§,vSr'-m?n.l40. n.s. [Fr. j, vermis, Lat;l Any noxious animal : used commonly for small creatures. Shak. It is used in contempt of humar beinsrs. Hudihras. 7bVE'RMINATE$, veV-me-nate. v.n. To breed vermin. Biblioth. Bihl. VERMINA'TION, ver-me-na'-sh&n. n s. Genera- tion of vermin. DerJiam. VE'RMFNOUS, veV-mln-us. a. Tending to vermin disposed to breed vermin. Harvey. VERMFPAROUS, ver-mfp'-pa-rfis. a. [vermis and pario, Lat.] Producing worms. Brown. VERNACULAR, ver-nak'-u-Iar. a. [vemaadus, Lat.] Native; of one's own country. Harvey. VERNA'CULOUS*, ver-nak'-n-lfis. a. [vernaculus , Lat.] Vernacular. Si<- T. Brown. Scoffing : 1 Latinism. B. Jonson. Ob. T. VE'RNAL, veV-nal. 88. a. [vermis, Lat.] Belonging to the spring. Milton. VE'RNANlV ver'-nant. a. [vernans, Lat.] Flourish- ing as in the spring. Milton. To VE'RNATE*, veV-nate. v. n. [yerno, Lat.] To be vernant ; to become young again. Cockeram. VERNFLITY, ver-nll'-e-te. n. s. [veima, Lat.] Ser- vile carriage ; the submissive, fawning behaviour of a slave. Bailey. VERSABPLITY, ver-sa-bil'-e-te. \ n. s. [versabil- VE'RSABLENESS,veV-sa-bl-nes. \ is, Lat.] Apt- ness to be turned or wound any way. Diet. VE'RSABLE §*, ver'-sa-bl. a. [versabilis, Lat.] That may be turned. Cockeram. VE'RSAL, veV-sal. 88. a. [a cant word for univer- sal.] Total ; whole. Hudibras. VERSATILE §, veV-sa-tll. 145. a. [versatilis, Lat.] That may be turned round. Harte. Changeable ; variable. Glanville. Easily applied to a new task. VF/RSATILENESS, ver / -sa-t?l-nes. )n. s. The VERSATPLITY, ver-sa-tfl'-e-le. \ quality of being versatile. Dr. Warton. VERSE 5, verse, n. s. [vers, Fr. ; versus, Lat.] A line consisting of a certain succession of sounds, and - number of syllables. Shak. [verset, Fr.] A section or paragraph of a book. Burnet. Poetry ; lays j metrical language. Donne. A piece of poetry. Pope. To VERSE, verse, v. a. To tell inverse; to relate poeticallv. Shakspeare. To be VE'RSED, verst. 359. v. n. [verwr, Lat.] To be skilled in ; to be acquainted with. Brcnon. VE'RSEMAN, vers'-man. 88. n. s. A poet 5 a writer in verse, in ludicrous language. Prior. VE'RSER*, veV-sur. n. s. A maker of verses ; a mere versifier. B. Jonson. VE'RSICLE, veV-se-kl. n. s. [versiculus, Lat.] A little verse. Skelton. VE'RSICOLOUR*, ver'-se-kul-ur. ) VERSICOLOURED*, ver'-se-kfil-urd. \ °" [versicolor, Lat.] Having various colours ; change- able in colour. Burton. VERSIFICA'TION§, ver-se_-fe-ka'-shfin. n.s. [Fr.] The art or practice of making verses. Dry den. VE'RSIFICATOR, veV-se-fe-ka'-tur. ) n. s. [versifi VERSIFIER, veV-se-fl-ur. 183. \cateur, Fr.; versificator , Lat.] A versifier ; a maker of verses with or without the spirit of poetry. Dry den. ToVE'RSIFY, *er'-se-Fl. iC«. [versifier, Fr. ; ver sificor. Lat.] To make verses. Sidney. roVE'RSIFY, veV-se-fi. 183. v. a. To relate in verse ; to represent in verse. Daniel. VE'RSION, veV-shun. n.s. [Fr. ; versio, Lat.] Change ; transformation. Bacon. Change of di- rection. Bacon. Translation. Dryden. The act of translating. VERST*, verst. n.s. [Russian.] About three quar- ters of an English mile. Milton. [212 1-5 rods.] VERT, veVt. n. s. [Fr.] Vert, in the laws of the for- est, signifies every thing that grows, and bears a green leaf, within the forest, that may cover and hide a deer. Cowel. [In heraldry.] The colour green. 997 VER VEX O 3 559.— Fate, far, fill, fat ;— me, mh 3— pine, p?n : VF/RTEBRAL,ver'-te-bra!.88. a. [vertebrae, Lat.] Relating to the joints of the spine. Ray. VE'RTEBRE, vcr'-te-bur. n.s. [Fr. ; vertebra, Lat.] A joint of the back. Ray. 95" This word is perfectly anglicised, and therefore ought to have its last syllable pronounced according to English analogy, like centre, sceptre, mitre, &c. — See Principles, No. 416. There is a common mistake in the use of the Latin word from which thi3 is derived, which it may not be improper to rectify. Vertebra is not unfrequently used to signify the whole collection of joists which form the back bone, while in reality it means only one of those joints: the plural is vertebrae, and this ought to be used for the whole spine, if we de- nominate it by a Latin word; but if we speak English, it ought to be vertebres, and pronounced as if written verteburs. W. VE'RTEX, veV-u?ks. n. s. [Lat.] Zenith; the point over head. Creech. The top of a hill ; the top of any thing. Derluxm. VERTICALS, veV-te-kal. 88. a. [Fr.] Placed in the zenith. Tfiomson. Placed in a direction per- pendicular to the horizon. Cheyne. VERTICALITY, yer-te-kal'-e-te. n. s. The state of being in the zenith. Brown. VERTICALLY, ver'-te-kal-e. ad. In the zenith. Brown. VE'RTICALNESS*, veV-te-kal-nes. n. s. The state of being vertical. Ash. VERTICFLLATE, ver-te-sfl'-late. a. [verticillum, Lat.] Verticillate plants are such as have their flowers intermixed with small leave3 growing in a kind of whirls about the joints of a stalk, as penny- royal, hoarhound, &c. Quincy. VERTFCITY, ver-tfs'-e-te. n. s. [from vertex.] The power of turning; circumvolution; rotation. Brown. VE'RTICLE*, veV-te-kl. n. s. [vertkulum, Lat.] An axis ; a hinge. Waterhouse. VERTIGINOUS, ver-fld'-jin-fis. a. [vertiginosus, Lat.] Turning round; rotatory. Beniley. Giddy. Burton. VERTFGINOUSNESS*, ver-tid'-jfn-us-nes. n. s. Unsteadiness. Bp. Taylor. VERTIGO, ver-tl'-go, ver-te'-gi, or ver'-te-g6. 112. n. s. [Lat.] A giddiness; a sense of turning in the head. Quincy. ^5= This word is exactly under the same predicament as serpigo and lentigo. If we pronour.ee it learnedly, we must place the accent in the first manner, 503; if we pronounce it. modishly, and wish to smack of the French or Italian, we must adopt the second ; but if we follow the genuine English analogy, we must pronounce it in the last manner. — See Principles, No. 112. The authorities for the first pronunciation are, Mr. El- phinston, Mr. Sheridan, Bailey, and Entick; for the second, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, and W. Johnston ; and for the third, Dr. Johnson, Dr. Ash, Mr. Perry, Buchanan, Barclay, [Jones] and Fenning. This, too, was Swift's pronunciation, as we see by Dr. John- son's quotation : " And that old vertigo in's head " Will never leave him till he's dead." In this word we see the tendency of the accent to its true centre in its own language. Vertigo, with the accent on the i, and that pronounced long as in title, has so Latin a sound, that we scarcely think we are speaking English: this makes us the more readily give into the foreign sound of i, as in fatigue. This sound a correct English ear is soon weary of, and settles at last with the accent on the first syllable, with the i sounded as in indigo, portico, &c. W. VERVAIN, 208. 1 * r , _ . 5 n. s. [verveine, Fr. ; VE'RVINE, 340. ) ver " v,n - { verbena, Lat.] A plant. Drayton. VE'RVAIN 'Mallow, n. s. A plant. Miller. VE RVELS, ver'-vllz. n. s. [vervelle, Fr.] Labels tied to a hawk. Lovelace. VE'RY §, veV-e. a. [veray, or vrai, Fr.] True ; real. 1 Sam. xxv. Having any qualities, commonly bad, in an eminent degree; complete; perfect; mere. Davies. To note things emphatically, or eminently. Shak. Same, emphatically. Sprat. VE'RY, ver'-e. ad. In a great degree ; in an emi- nent decree. Addison. ). a. [vesica, Blistering ; To VESICATE $, ves'-se-kate. 91. Lat.] To blister. Wiseman. VESICATION, ves-e-ka'-shfin. n. & separation of the cuticle. Wiseman. VESICATORY, ve-sik'-a-tfir-e. 512. [See Domes- tick.] n. s. [vesicatorium, technical Lat.] A blis- tering medicine. Bullokar. VESICLE, ves'-e-kl. 405. n. s. [vesicula, Lat.] A small cuticle, filled or inflated. Brown. VESFCULAR, ve-sik'-u-lar. 88. a. [vesicula, Lat.] Hollow; full of small interstices. Cheyne. VESPER, ves'-pur. 98. n. s. [Lat.] The evening star ; the evening. Sliakspeare. VESPERS, veV-purz. n. s. [without the singular, from vesperus, Lat.] The evening service of the Romish church. VESPERTINE, ves'-pur-tlne. 149. a. [vesperiinus, Lat.] Happening or coming in the evening; per- taining to the evening. Sir T. Herbert. VESSEL §, v&'-sll. 99. n.s. [yaisselle, Fr.; vas, Lat.] Any thing in which liquids, or other things, are put. Burnet. The containing parts of an animal body. Arbuthnot. Any vehicle in which men or goods are carried on the water, [vaisseau, Fr. ; phaselus, Lat.] Raleigh. Any capacity ; any thing containing. Milton. Half a quarter of a sheet of paper, [perhaps from the Latin fasciculus, ovfasciola, quasi vassiola.\ [In theology.] One re- lating to God's household. Hammond. To VESSEL, ves'-sll. v. a. T; put into a vessel ; to barrel. Bacon. VESSETS, ves'-sjts. n.s. A kind of cloth commonly made in Suffolk. Bailey. VESSICNON, v&s-sik'-non. n. s. A windgall, or soft swelling on the inside and outside of a horse's hoof Diet. VEST§. v§st. n. s. [vestis, Lat.] An outer garment. Milton. To VEST, vest. v. a. To dress; to deck ; to enrobe. Dryden. To dress in a long garment. Milt&n. To make possessor of; to invest with. Locke. To £lace in succession. Clarendon. STAL, veV-tal. n. s. [vestalis, Lat.] A virgin consecrated to Vesta ; a pure virgin. Sliakspeare. VESTAL, ves'-tal. 88. a. [vestalis, Lat.] Denoting pure virginity. Sliakspeare. VESTIBULE, ves'-te-bule. n.s. [vestibulum, Lat.] The porch or first entrance of a house. Harris. To VESTIG ATE*, veV-ie-gate. v. a. [vestigo, Lat.] To trace : obsolete. We now say investigate. VESTIGE, ves'-t'ldje. n. s. [vestigium, Lat.] Foot- step ; mark left behind in passing-. Harvey. VESTMENT, v&st'-m&it. n. s. [vtstimentum, Lat.] Garment; part of dress. Hooker. VESTRY, ves'-tre. n. s. [vestiaire, Fr.; vestiarium, Lat.] A room appendant to the church, in which the sacerdotal garments and consecrated things are reposited. 2 Kings, x. A parochial assembly com monly convened in the vestry. White. VESTURE, ves'-tshure. 461. n. s. [old Fr.; vest.ura, Ital.] Garment; robe. Fairfax. Dress; habit; external form. Sliakspeare. VETCH §. vetsh. n. s. [vicm, Lat.] A plant with a papilionaceous flower, producing a legume. Dryden. VE'TCHY, vetsh'-e. a. Made of vetches ; abound- ing in vetches ; consisting of vetch or pease-straw. Spenser. VETERAN, veV-ur-an. 88. n.s. [veteramis, Lat.] An old soldier ; a man long practised in any thing. Hooker. VE'TERAN, vet'-ur-an. a. Long practised in war ; long experienced. Bacon. VETERINARIAN, vet-er-e-na'-re-an. n. s. [veteri- narius, Lat.] One skilled in the diseases of cattle. Brown. VE'TERINARY*, vet'-eV-e-na-re. a. Pertaining to farriery, and to science in the diseases of cattle. VETUST*, ve-tfist'. a. [vetustus, Lat.] Old ; an- cient. Cockeram. Ob. T. To VEX §, veks. v. a. [vexo, Lat.] To plague ; tc 998 VIC VIC — no, move, n6r, ndt ; — tube, tub, bull ; — &il; — pound ;— thin, this. lorment ; to harass. Sliak. To disturb ; to dis- quiet. Sliak. To trouble with slight provocations. To stretch as by hooks. Dryden. To VEX. v£ks. v.n. To fret} to be on tenters; to be uneasy. Chapman. VEXA TION, vek-sa'-sh&n. n. 5. The act of trou- bling'. Shak. The state of being troubled : uneasi- ness j sorrow. SJuik. The cause of trouble or un- easiness. Shak. An act of harassing by law. Ba- con. A slight, teasing trouble. VEXATIOUS, vek-sa 7 -shus. 3H. a. Afflictive; troublesome ; causing trouble. South. Full of trouble ; full of uneasiness. Digby. Teasing ; slightly troublesome. VEXA'TIOUSLY, vek-sa'-shfis-le. ad. Trouble- somely; uneasily. Burke. VEXA'TIOUSNESS, vek-sa'-shus-nes. n. s. Trou- blesomeness j uneasiness. VE''XER, ve'ks'-nr. 98. n.s. One who vexes. Huloet. VE'XINGLY*, veks'-ing-le. ad. So as to vex, plague, or disturb. Tatter. WAGE*. See Voyage. VI'AL$, vl'-ol. 88. 7i. *. [(piaXfi.] A small bottle. Sluxkspeare. To VI' AL, vl'-ul. v. a. To enclose in a vial. Milton. VFAND, vl'-und. 88. n. s. [viande, Fr. ; vivanda, Ital.] Food; meat dressed. Shakspeare. VFARY*, vi'-a-re. a. [warms, Lat.J Happening in ways or roads. Feltham. Ob. T. VIATICUM, vl-at'-e-kfim. 116. n.s. [Lat.] Pro- vision for a journey. Davies. The last rites used to prepare the passing soul for its departure. Kil- liiigbeck. To VFBRATE §, vl'-brate. 91. v. a. [vibw, Lat.J To brandish ; to move to and fro with quick motion. To make to quiver. Holder. To VFBRATE, vi'-brate. v. n. To play up and down, or to and fro. Boyle. To quiver. Pope. VIBRA'TION, vl-bra'-shon. 138. n. s. [vibro, Lat.] The act of moving, or state of being moved, with quick reciprocations, or returns ; the act of quiver- ing. South. VFBRATIVE*, vl'-bra-rfv. a. That vibrates. New- ton. VIBRA'TIUNCLE*, vl-bra'-te-ung-k!. n. s. Dimin- utive vibrations. Chambers. VFBRATORY*, vl'-bra-tur-e. a. Vibrating; caus- ing^ to vibrate. Burke. ftF" For the sound of the 0, see Domestick ; and for the accent, see Principles, No. 512. W. VFCAR §, vuV-ur. 88, 138. n. s. [vicarius, Lat.] The incumbent of an appropriated or impropriated ben- efice. Slmk. One who performs the functions of another ; a substitute. Ay life. VFCARAGE, v?k'-&r-ldje. 90. n. s. The benefice of a vicar. Swift. VICA'RIAL*, vl-ka'-re-al. a. Belonging to a vicar. Blackstone. [vicarius, Lat.] Vicarious. Blackball. VICARIATE*, vl-ka'-re-ate. n. s. Delegated of- fice or power. Ld. North. VICARIATE*, vl-ka'-re-ate. a. Having, a delegated power as vicar. Barroio. VICARIOUS, vl-ka'-re-us. 138. a. [vicarius, Lat.] Deputed ; delegated ; acting in the place of an- other. Hale. VICARIOUSLY*, vl-ka'-re-us-le. ad. In the place of another. Burke. VTCARSHIP, vk'-ur-shlp. n. s. The office of a vicar. Barroio. VICE §, vise. n.s. [vitium, Lat.] The course of ac- tion opposite to virtue ; depravity of manners ; in- ordinate life. Milton. A fault ; an offence. Milton. Faulty or noxious excess. Dryden. The fool of the old shows and moralities. Shak. [vijs, Dutch.] A kind of small iron press with screws, used by workmen. Arbuthnot. Gripe ; grasp. Shak. [vice, Lat.] It is used in composition for one, qui vicem gerit, who performs, in his stead, the office of a su- periour, or who has the second rank in command : as, a viceroy, vicechancellor. Tj VICE, vise. v. a. To draw by a kind of violence. Shakspeare. VICEA'DMIRAL §, vlse-ad'-me-ral. n. s. [dee and admiral.1 The second commander of a fleet Knolles. A naval officer of the second rank. VICEA'DMIRALTY, vlse-ad'-me-ral-te. n. s. The office of a viceadmiral. Carew. VICEA'GENT, vlse-a'-jent. n. s. One who acts in the place of another. Hooker. VICECHA'NCELLOR, vlse-tshan'-sft-lur. n. s. [vicecancellanus, Lat.] The second magistrate of the universities. Fell. VFCED, vist. 359. a. Vitious ; corrupt. Shakspeare. VICEGERENCY, vise-je'-ren-se. n. s. The office of a vicegerent; lieutenancy; deputed power. South. VICEGERENTS, vke-je'-rent. n.s. [vicem gerens, Lat.] A lieutenant; one who is intrusted with the power of the superiour, by whom he is deputed Bacon. VICEGERENT, vlse-je'-rent. a. Having a dele gated power; acting by substitution. Milton. VFCENARY, vl'-se-uar-e. a. [vicenarius, Lat.] Be- longing to twenty. Bailey. VFCEROY§,vlse'-rSe. n.s. [viceroi, Fr.] He who governs in place of the king with regal authority Shakspeare. VICERO'YALTY, vise-rSe'-al-te. n.s. Dignity of a viceroy. Addison. VFCEROYSHIP*, vlse'-roe-shfp. n.s. Office of a vicerov. Fuller. VFCETY, vl'-se-le. n. s. Nicety; exactness. B Jonson. Ob. J. VFCINAGE, vIsMn-fdje. 90. n. s. [incinia, Lat. ; voisinage, Fr.] Neighbourhood ; places adjoining. Sir T. Herbert. VICFNAL, vls'-e-nal. 138. )a. [vicinus, Lat.] Near; VICFNE, vV-bie. \ neighbouring. Glan- ville. £5= For the propriety of placing the accent on the first syllable of vicinal, see Medicinal. W. VICFNITY, ve-sfn'-e-te, or vl-sin'-e-te. 138. n. s. [vicinus, Lat.] Nearness ; state of being near. Hale. Neighbourhood. Bentley. VFCIOUS, vlsh'-fis. a. See Vitiocs. Devoted to vice. Milton. VrCIOUSLY* vish'-fis-le. ad. Corruptly; sinfully. Brown. VI'CIOUSNESS*, vish-'-us-ngs. n. s. Corruptness. See Vi'tiousness. VICFSSITUDE §, ve-sis'-e-tnde, or vl-sls'-e-tude. 138. n. s. [vicissitudo, Lat.] Regular change ; re- turn of the same things in the same succession. Milton. Revolution; change. Atterbury. VICISSITU'DINARY*, ve-sis-e-tu'-de-na-re. a. [vicissitudo, Lat.] Regularly changing. Donne. VICO'NTIEL. a. [In law.] Vicontiel rents are cer- tain farms, for which the sheriff pays a rent to the king, and makes what profit he can of them. Vi~ contielxvrhs are such writs as are triable in the county court, before the sheriff. Bailey. VFCTIM §, vik'-tim. n. s. [victima, Lat.] A sacri- fice; something slain for a sacrifice. Denham. Some- thing destroyed Prior. To VFCTIMATE*, vlk'-te-mate. v. a. [victimo, Lat.] To sacrifice; to offer in sacrifice. Bullokar. Ob. T. VFCTOR§, vlk'-tur. 166. n.s. [Lat.] Conqueror.: vanquisher; he that gains the advantage in aity contest. Sidney. VFCTORESS*, vlk'-t&r-es. n. s. A female that conquers. Spenser. VICTORIOUS, vlk-to'-re-us. a. [victorieux, Fr.] Conquering ; having obtained conquest ; superiom in contest. Milton. Producing conquest. Pope. Betokening conquest. Shakspeare. VICTORIOUSLY, vlk-ti'-re-us-le. ad. With con quest; successfully; triumphantly. Hammond. VICTORIOUSNESS, vlk-t6'-re-us-ues. n. s. The state or quality of being victorious. VICTORY, vik'-tfir-e. 557. n. s. [victoria, Lat.I Conquest ; success in contest ; triumph. VFCTRESS, vnV-tres. [See Tutoress.] ) n „ VFCTRICE* vlk'-trls. $ 999 VIG VLN KT 559.- -Fute, f^r, fill, fat;- ~me, m&t; -pine pin-,— [vicirix, Lat.] A female that conquers. Shak- speare. Ob. J. VI'CTUAL §, vit'-tl. ) 405. n. s. [viciuailles, Fr. ; VFCTUALS§,vlt'-tlz. 5 vitiovaglia, Ital.] Provis- ion of food ; stores for the support of life ; meat j sustenance. Sliakspeare. ftCf This corruption, like most others, has terminated in the generation of a new word ; for no solemnity will allow of pronouncing this word as it is written. Vict- uals appeared to Swift so contrary to the real sound, that, in some of his manuscript remarks which I have seen, he spells the word vittles. This compliance with sound, however, is full of mischief to language, and ought not to be indulged. — See Skeftice, and Princi- ples, No. 350. TV. To VFCTUAL, vft'-tl. v. a. To store with provision for food. Shakspeare. VFCTUALLER, vif-tl-ftf: n. s. One who provides victuals. Hayward. One who keeps a house of entertainment. VIDE' LICET, ve-del'-e-s^t. ad. [Lat.] To wit ; that is. This word is generally written viz. Q^s= This is a long-winded word for a short explanation, and its contraction, viz., a frightful anomaly, which ought never to be pronounced as it is written : the adverb namely ought to be used instead of both ; and, where it is not, ought, in reading, always to be sub- stituted for them. TV. VFDUAL §*, vid'-u-al. a. [viduus, Lat.] Belonging to the state of a widow. Parth. Sacra. VIDU'ITY, ve-drV-e-te. n. s. Widowhood. Bp. Hall. To VIE $, vl. 276. v. a. [wagen, Germ.] To stake ; to wager ; to expose to hazard} to show or prac- tise in competition. The word is borrowed from an old term at cards. Shakspeare. To VIE, vl. v.n. To contest; to contend; to strive for superiority. Addison. To VIEW$, vu. 286. v. a. \yeu, Fr.] To survey; to look on by way of examination. Jos. vii. To see ; to perceive by the eye. Milton. VIEW, vu. n. s. Prospect. Sliak. Sight; power of beholding. Dryden. Intellectual sight ; mental ken. Milton. Act of seeing. Denham. Sight ; eye. Locke. Survey; examination by the eye. Dryden. Intellectual surve}'. Locke. Space that may be taken in by the eye ; reach of sight. Dryden. Ap- pearance ; show. Waller. Display ; exhibition to the sight or mind. Locke. Prospect of interest. Locke. Intention ; design. Atterbury. VIE'WER, vu'-ur. n. s„ One who views. Isa. xl vii. VIE'WLESS, vrV-les. a. Unseen; not discernible by the sight. Shakspeare. VTEWLY*, vi'-le. a. Sightly ; striking to the view. VIGESIMATION^l-jeVe-ma'-shun. n. s. [vigesi- mus, Lat.] The act of putting to death every twentieth man. Bailey. VFGIL, vid'-jfl. [See Drama.] n.s. [vigilia, Lat.] Watch ; devotions performed in the customary hours of rest. Milton. A fast kept before a holyday. Shaft. Service used on the night before a holyday. Slillingfieet. Watch ; forbearance of sleep. Waller. VFGIL ANCE, vld'-jil-anse. ? 88. n. s. [Fr.; vigi- VPGILANCY, vid'-jil-an-se. ] lantia, Lat.] For- bearance of sleep. Broome. Watchfulness ; cir- cumspection; incessant care. Shale. Guard; watch. Milton. VIGILANT §, yid'-jfl-ant. 88. a. [vigilans, Lat.] Watchful; circumspect; diligent; attentive. Hooker. VFGILANTLY, vfd'-jli-ant-lle. ad. Watchfully; at- tentively; circumspectly. Hayward. VIGNETTE*, vfn'-yet. n. s. [Fr.] A picture of leaves and flowers; a kind of flourish of leaves and flowers. Cotgrave [and Webster] write vignet'. VFGOROUS, vlg'-&r-fis. 314. a. [vigeroux, old Fr. ; vigoureux, mod.] Forcible; not weakened; full of strength and life. Waller. VIGOROUSLY, vig'-fir-us-le. ad. With force; for- cibly ; without weakness. Dryden. VI'GOROUSNESS, vig'-ur-us-n§s. n. s. Force ; strength. Bp. Taylor. V FGOUR §, v?g'-5r. 31 4 n. s. [vigour, old Fr. ; vigor, Lat.] Force ; strength. Dan. x. Mental force ; in telleclual ability. Energy ; efficacy. Milton^ VILD*, ) 1, , ( a. [from vile.] Vile ; wicked, VFLED, r licL ? Spenser. VILE §, vile. a. [vii, Fr. ; vilis, Lat.] Base ; mean ; worthless ; sordid ; despicable. Hooker. Morally impure ; wicked, Milton. VFLELY, vile'-le. ad. Basely ; meanly ; shamefully Shakspeare. VFLENESS, vlle'-nes. n.s. Baseness; meanness; despicableness. Drayton. Moral or intellectual baseness. Prior. VILIFICATION*, vil-e-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. [vilificr, Lat.] The act of vilifying. More. VFLIFIER, vll'-e-fl-ur. n. s. One that vilifies. To VFLIFY, vll'-e-fl. 183. v. a. To debase ; to de grade; to make vile. Milton. To defame ; to makft contemptible. Drayton. To VILIPEND* vil'-e-pend.u.a. [vilipendo, hat.; vilipender, Fr.] To have in no esteem ; to treat with slight or contempt. Bp. Andrews. VI'LITY*, vil'-e-te. n.s. [vilitas, Lat.] Baseness; vileness. Rennet. VILL, vii. n. s. [ville, Fr. ; villa, Lat.] A village ; a small collection of houses. Hale. Little used. VPLLAjvilMa.92. n.s. [Lat.] A country seat. Addis VFLLAGE §, vll'-lidje. 90. n. s. [Fr.] A small col- lection of nouses in the country, less than a town. Shakspeare. VI'LLAGER, vil'-lld-jfir. 98. n.s. An inhabitant of the village. Shakspeare. VI LL A GERY, vil'-lid-jtir-e. n. s. District of villages. Shakspeare. VFLLAIN §, vil'-Hn. 208. n. s. [villanus, low Lat.; villain, old Fr.] One who held by a base tenure ; a servant. Davies. A wicked wretch. Sidney. VILLAINOUS*. See Villanous. VFLLAINY*. See Villany. VFLLANAGE. vil'-lan-adje. 90. n. s. [from villain.'] The state of a villain ; base servitude. Spenser. Baseness; infamv. Dryden. To VFLLANIZE, vil'-lan-lze. v. a. To debase; to degrade ; to defame. Dryden. VILLANIZER*, viF-lan-1-zur. n.s. One who de- grades, debases, or defames. VFLLANOUS, vil'-lan-us. a. Base ; vile ; wicked. Shakspeare. Sorry : in a familiar sense. Shakspeare VFLLANOUSLY, vll'-lan-us-le. ad. Wickedly; basely. Rnolles. VFLLANOUSNESS, vilMan-us-nSs. n. s. Baseness ; wickedness. VFLLANY, vilMan-e. n.s. [villanie, old Fr.] Wick- edness ; baseness ; depravity ; gross atrociousness. Shak. A wicked action ; a* crime : in this sense it has a plural. South. VILLA'TICK, vll-lat'-tlk. 509. a. [villaticus, Lat.] Belonging to villages. Milton. VILLI, vil'-ll. n. s. [Lat.J In anatomy, are the same as fibres; and, in botany, small hairs like the grain of plush or shag, with which, as a kind of ex- crescence, some trees abound. Quincy. VI'LLOUS, vil'-lus. 314. a. [villosus, Lat.] Shaggy; rough ; furry. Arbuthvol. Vl'MlNAL* vW-e-nal. a. [Fr.; viminalis, Lat.] Applied to trees producing twigs fit to bind with. Cockeram. VIMFNEOUS, ve-min'-e-us, or vl-mm'-e-us. 138. a [vimineus, Lat.] Made of twigs. Prior. VINA'CEOUS*, ve-na'-shfis. a. [vinaceus, Lat.] Of or belonging to wine and grapes. White. VFNCIBLE$, vin'-si-bl. 405. a. [vinco, Lat.] Con- querable ; superable. Hayward. VFNCIBLENESS, vin'-se-bl-nes. n.s. Liableness to be overcome. Diet. VFNCTURE, vlnk'-tshure. n. s. [vinctura, Lat.] A binding. Bailey. VINDE M1AL, vin-de'-me-al. 88, a. Belonging to a vintage. To VINDE'MIATE §, vin-de'-me-ate. v. n. [vinde- viia, Lat.] To gather the vintage. Evelyn. VINDEMIATlO^vin-de-me-a'-shun. n. s. Grape gathering. Bailey. b ° 1000 VIO VIR — n6, move, n6r, nfttj — tube, tub, bull; — 611; — pound; — th'm, Tuis. To VFNDICATE §, vm'-de-kate. 91. v. a. [yindico, Lat.] To justify; to support ; to maintain. Watts. To revenge ; to avenge. Bacon. To assert ; to claim with efficacy. Dvyden. To clear; to protect from censure. Hammond. VINDICATION, yin-de-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] De- fence; assertion justification. Broome. VINDICATIVE, vin'-de-ka-tiv. 512. a. [vindicatif, Fr.] Revengeful ; given to revenge. Bacon. VINDICATOR, v'n/-de-ka-iur. 52l.n.s. One who vindicates; an assertor. Dryden. VINDICATOR Y. vin'-de-ka-tcir-e. 512. a. Punitory ; performing the office of vengeance. Bramhall. De- fensory : justificatory. FFNDrCTIVE, vJn-cBk'-llv. a. [vindicta, Lat.] Giv- en to revenge ; revengeful. Dryden. VINDICTIVELY*, vin-dk'-tlv-le. ad. Revengeful- ly. Johnson. VINDFCT1VENESS*, vin-dikMiv-nes. n. s. A re- vengeful temper. Bailey. VINE §, vine. n. s. [vinea, Lat.] The plant that bears the grape. Miller. VI NED*, vlnd, or vl'-ned. a. Having leaves like those of the vine. Wotton. VI'NEFRETTER, vlne'-fret-tfir. n. s. [from vine and fret.] A worm that eats vine leaves. VFNEGAR, vln'-ne-gur. 38. n. s. [vinaigre, Fr.] Wine grown sour; eager wine. Bacon. Any thing really or metaphorically sour. Shakspeare. VFNER*, vi'-nur. n. s. An orderer or trimmer of vines. Huloet. Ob. T. VFNEYARD, vln'-yerd. 91, 515. n. s. [pm$eajib, Sax.] A ground planted with vines. Shakspeare. VI'NNEWED, vln'-nude. Mouldy; musty. Newton. VFNNEWEDNESS*, vm'-nude-ne [j-yni^ean, Sax.] State of being vinnewed. Barret. VFNN Y, vfn'-ne. a. [jrnie, Sax.] Mouldy. VFNOLENCY*, vfn'-no-len-se. n.s. [vinolenlia,Lat.] Drunkenness. Cbckeram. VFNOLENT*, vh'-no-lent. a. [vinolentus, Lat.] Given to wine. Chaucer. VINO'S ITY^ve-nos'-e-te. n.s. [mwms, Lat.] Slate or quality of being vinous. Scott. VFNOUS, vl'-nus. 314. a. [vineux, Fr.] Having the qualities of wine; consisting of wine. Bonle. VFNTAGE §, vln'-ddje. 90. n. s. [vendange, old Fr. ; vindemia, Lat.] The produce of the vine for the year ; the time in which grapes are gathered. Ba- con. VFNTAGER, vin'-ta-jfir. n. s. One who gathers the vintage. Ainsworth. VFNTNFR, vfnt'-nur. 98. n. s. [vinetier, old Fr J One who sells wine. Howell. VFNTRY, vln'-tre. n. s. The place where wine is sold. Ainsworth. VFNY*, vl'-ne. a. Belonging to vines ; producing grapes. Prompt. Parv. Abounding in vines. P. Fletcher. VFOL, vl'-ul. 166. n. s. [nolle, Fr. ; viola, Ital.] A stringed instrument of musick. Bacon.' VI/OLABLE, vl'-o-la-bl. 405. a. [violabilis, Lat.] Such as may be violated or hurt. VIOLACEOUS, vl-6-la'-shus. a. [viola, Lat.] Re- sembling violets. To VIOLATE §, vl'-6-late. 91. v. a. [viola, Lat.] To injure; to hurt. Milton. To infringe; to break any thing venerable. Shak. To injure bv irreve- rence. Milton. To ravish; to deflower. Prior. VIOLATION, vW-la'-shun. 170. n. s. [violatio, Lat.] Infringement or injury of something sacred or venerable. Hooker. Rape ; the act of deflow- ering. Shakspeare. VIOLATOR, vl'-6-la-tur. 521. n.s. [Lat.] One who injures or infringes something sacred. South. A ravisher. Shakspeare. VFOLENCE §, vl'-6-lense. 170. n. s. [violentia, Lat.] Force ; strength applied to any purpose. Shak. An attack : an assault ; a murder. Sliak. Outrage ; unjust force. Milton. Eagerness ; vehemence. Sliak. Injury ; infringement. Burnet. Forcible defloration. To VFOLENCE*, vl'-i-lense. v. a. To assault ; to injure. B. Jonson. To bring by violence. Feltham VFOLENT, vi'-o-lent. 287. a. [riolenlus, Lat.] For cible; acting with strength. Milton. Produced or continued by force. Burnet. Not natural, but brought by force. Milton. Assailant ; acting by force. Milton. Unseasonably vehement. Hooker. Extorted ; not voluntary. Milton. VFOLENT*, vi'-6-lent. n. s. An assailant. Decay of Christian Piety. To VFOLENT*, vi'-o-lent. v.n. To become vio- len" to act with violence. Shakspeare. Ob. T To VFOLENT*, vi'-o-lent. v. a To urge with vio- lence. Fuller. Ob. T. VIOLENTLY, vl'-o-lent-le. ad. With force ; forci- bly ; vehemently. Sliakspeare. VFOLET, v^-6-let. 170, 287. n. s. [violette Fr.', viola, Lat.] A flower. Miller. VFOLIN, vi-6-hV. 528. n.s. [violon, Fr.. from viol.] A fiddle ; a stringed instrument of musick. Sandys. VFOLINIST*, vi -6-lin-Jst, or vi-6-llnMst. n. s. A player on the violin. Aubrey. VFOLIST, vl'-o-llst. n. s. A plaver on the viol. VIOLONCELLO, v-e-6-l6n-tshel'-6. 388. n. s. [Ital J A kind of bass violin. VFPER §, vl'-pur. 98. n. s. [ripera, Lat.] A serpent of that species which brings its young alive, of which many are poisonous. Acts, xxviii. Any thing mischievous. Shakspeare. VFPERINE, vi'-pur-lne. 149. a. [mperinus, Lat.] Belonging to a viper. VFPEROUS, vl'-pur-fis. 314. a. [vipereus, Lat.] Having the qualities of a viper. Shakspeare. VIPER'S Bugloss. n. s. A plant. Miller. VIPER'S Grass, n.s. A plant. Evelyn. VIRAGFNIAN*, vfr-a-jm'-e-an. a. Of or belonging to impudent women. Milton. VIRAGO, ve-ra'-go, or vl-ra'-g6. 138. [See Lum- bago.] n. s. [Lat.] A female warriour; a woman with the qualities of a man. Peacham. It is com- monly used in detestation for an impudent, turbu- lent woman. VIRE*, vlre. n. s. [vire, Fr.] An arrow. Gower. 'Ob. T. VFRELAY, vfr'-e-la. n. s. [virelay, virelai, Fr.] A sort of little ancient French poem, that consisted only of two rhymes, and short verses, with stops. [virens, Lat.] Green ; not [virgata. low Lat.] A Spenser. VFRENT, vl'-rent. faded. Brown. VFRGATE*, ver'-gate. yardland. Warton. V1RGE, verje. 108. n. s. [better verge, from verge, Fr.] A wand. See Verge. B. Jonson. VI'RGER*. See Verger. VPRGIN §, ver'-j?n. 108. n. s. [vierge, Fr. ; virgo, Lat.] A maid ; a woman unacquainted with men. Shak. A woman not a mother. Milton. Any- thing untouched or unmingled; any thing pure : as, virgin-honey. Boyle. The sign of the zodiack in which the sun is in August. Milton. $y* See the delicate sound of the first i in this word illustrated, Principles, No. 101. TV. VFRGIN, ver'-jin. 237. a. Befitting a virgin ; suita- ble to a virgin ; maidenly. Sliakspeare. To VFRGIN, ver'-jm. r. n. To play the virgin. Shakspeare. VFRGIN AL, ver'-jjn-al. 88. a. Maiden; maidenly; pertaining to a virgin. Spenser. VFRGINAL, veV-jln-al. n. s. [more usually virgin als.] A musical instrument so called, because com monly used by young ladies. Bacon. To VPRGINAL, vfr'-jln-al. v. n. To pat; to strike as on the virginal : a"cant word. Shakspeare. VIRGFNTTY, ver-jin'-e-te. n. s. [virginitas, Lat.] Maidenhead ; unacquaintance with man. Bp. Taylor. VIRGO*, ver'-g6. n. s. [Lat.] The sixth sign in the zodiack; the Virgin : which see. Moxon. VIRFDITY*, vl-r?d'-e-te. n. s. [viriditas, Lat.] Greenness. E Klyn. VFRILE§, vl'-r&."140. a. [virilis, Lat.] Belonging 1001 VIS VIS \tT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met}— pine, pin: to man, not puerile ; not feminine. Feltham. Pro- . creative. Ricaut. VIRILITY, vl-ril'-e-te, or ve-rll'-e-te. 138. n.s. [vi- rility, Fr. ; virilitas, Lat.] Manhood ; character of man. Rambler. Power of procreation. Brown. VIRMI LION, ver-mil'-yun. n. s. [properly vermi- lion^] A red colour. Roscommon. VIRTU'*, ver-too'. n.s. [Ital.j A love of the fine arts ; a taste for curiosities. Lord Chesterfield. VFRTUAL, ver'-tshu-al. 88. a. [virtue!, Fr.] Having the efficacy without the sensible or material part. Bacon. VIRTU A'LITY, ver-tshu-al'-e-te. n.s Efficacy. Brown. VFRTUALLY, veV-tshu-al-e. ad. In effect, though not materially. Hammond. To VFRTUATE, ver'-tshu-ate. v. a. To make ef- ficacious. Harvey. Ob. J. VFRTUE§, veV-tshu. 108,461. n.s. [virtus, Lat.] Moral goodness ; opposed to vice. Shak. A par- ticular moral excellence. Sfiak. Medicinal quali- ty. Bacon. Medicinal efficacy. Addison. Effica- cy ; power. South. Acting power. St. Mark, v. Secret agency ; efficacy, without visible or materi- al action. Davies. Bravery; valour. Shak. Ex- cellence; that which gives excellence. B. Jonson. One of the orders of the celestial hierarchy. Mil- ton. {J$=" Dr. Hill published in a pamphlet a petition from the letters /and U to David Garrick, Esq., both complain- ing of terrible grievances imposed upon them by that great actor, who frequently banished them from their proper stations; as in the word virtue, which they said he converted into vurtue ; and in the word ungrateful he displaced the u, and made it in grateful, to the great prejudice of the said letters. To this complaint Gar- rick replied in the following epigram : "If it is, as you say, that I've injur'd a letter, " I'll change my note soon, and I hope for the better. u May the right use of letters, as well as of men, " Hereafter be fix'd by the tongue and the pen. K Most devoutly I wish they may both have their due, "And that / may be never mistaken for £/." Murphifs Life of Qarrick. TV. VFRTUELESS, ver'-tshu-les. a. Wanting virtue ; deprived of virtue. Not having efficacy ; without operating qualities. Rcdeigh. VIRTUO'SO, ver-t66-6'-s6. n.s. [Ital.] A man skilled in antique or natural curiosities ; a man stu- dious of painting, statuary, or architecture. Glan- rille. VIRTUO'SOSHIP*, v§r-t65-6 / -s6-sh?p. n.s. The pursuits of a virtuoso ; the character of a virtuoso. Bp. Hurd. VFRTUOUS §, ver'-tshMs. 463. a. [from virtue.] Morally good : applied to persons and practices. Shak. [Applied to women.] Chaste. Shak. Done in consequence of moral goodness. Law. Effica- cious ; powerful. Milton. Having wonderful or eminent properties. Spenser. Having medicinal qualities. Bacon. VFRTUOUSLY, ver'-tshu-us-le. ad. In a virtuous manner ; according to the rules of virtue. Hooker. VFRTUOUSNESS, ver'-tshu-us-nes. n. s. The state or character of being virtuous. Spenser. VFRULENCE, vlr'-u-lense. ) 110. n. s. Mental poi- VFRULENCY, vM-len-se. $ son ; malignity ; ac- rimony of temper ; bitterness. Decay of Christian Piety. VFRULENT§,v?r'-u-lent. 110. a. [Fr.; virulenius, Lat.] Poisonous ; venomous. Poisoned in the mind ; bitter; malignant. VFRULENTED*, vV-u-lent-Sd. a. Filled with poi- son. Feltham. VFRULENTLY, vfr'-u-lent-le. ad. Malignantly; with bitterness. VIS- A- VIS*, ve'-za-ve 7 . n.s. [Fr.] A carriage which holds only two persons, who sit face to face, and not side by side, as in a coach or chariot. Lemon. VFSAGE §, vlz'-ldje. 90. n. s. [Fr. ; visaggio, Ital.] Face ; countenance ; look. Shakspeare. VTSAGED*, vlz'-fdid. a. Having a face or vi-sasre. Milton. VFSCERALS^vis'-se-ral. a. [viscera, Lat.] Feel- ing; tender. Bp. Reynolds. To VFSCERATE, vls'-se-rate. v. a. [viscera, Lat.} To embowel ; to exenterate. VFSCIU, vls'-sid. a. [viscidus, Lat.] Glutinous; te- nacious. VISCI'DITY, ve-sfd'-e-te. 138. n. s. Gluiinousness ; tenacity; ropiness. Arbuthnot. Glutinous concre- tion. Floyer. VISCOSITY, vfs-kos'-e-te. n. s. [viscosity Fr.] Glu- tinousness ; tenacity. Arbuthnot. A glutinous sub- stance. Brown. VFSCOUNT §, vF-k6unt. 458. n. s. [vicecomes, Lat.] Viscount signifies as much as sheriff. Viscount also signifies a degree of nobility next to an earl. Cowel. VISCOUNTESS, vl'-kount-es. n.s. [from viscount.-] The lady of a viscount ; a peeress of the fourth or- der. B. Jonson. VFSCOUNTSHIP*, vi'-k6unt-shfp. ) n. s. The qual- VI SCOUNTY*, vi'-koun-te. \ ity and of- fice of a viscount. Lord Keeper Williams. VFSCOUS, vls'-kfis. 314. a. [visqueux, Fr.; visccsus, Lat.] Glutinous; sticky; tenacious. Bacon. VISIBILITY, vfc-e-bil'-e-te. n. s. [visibility, Fr.} The state or quality of being perceptible by the eye. Boyle. State of being apparent, or openly discoverable ; conspicuousness. Stilling, fleet. VFSIBLE§, vlz'-e-bl. 405. a. [Fr. ; vnsibilis, Lat.] Perceptible by the eye. Milton. Discovered to the eye. Sliak. Apparent ; open ; conspicuous. Clar- endon. VFSIBLE, viz'-e-bl. n. s. Perceptibility by the eye. Bacon. VI'SIBLENESS, vlz'-e-bl-nes. n. s. State or quality of being visible. VISIBLY, viz'-e-ble. ad. In a manner perceptible bv the eye. Holder. VISION §, vfzh'-un. 451. n. s. [Fr. ; visio, Lat.] Sight ; the faculty of seeing. Neicton. The act of seeing. Hammond. A supernatural appearance a spectre; a phantom. Sidney. A dream ; some- thing shown m a dream. A dream happens to a sleeping, a vision may happen to a waking man. A dream is supposed natural, a vision miraculous j but they are confounded. Locke. Any appearance any thing which is the object of sight. Thomson. VFSIONAL*, vizh'-un-al. a. Pertaining to a vision. Waterland. VPSIONARY, vlzh'-fin-a-re. a. [visionnaire, Fr.] Affected by phantoms ; disposed to receive impres- sions on the imagination. Pope. Imaginary ; not real ; seen in a dream; perceived by the imagina- tion only. Dryden. VISIONARY, vizh'-fln-a-re. ) n. s. One whose im- VFSIONIST, vfch'-un-lst. $ agination is dis- turbed. Turner. To VFSIT $, vlz'-ft. v. a. [ivsiter, Fr. ; visilo, Lat.] To go to see. Shak. [In Scriptural language.] To send good or evil judicially. Job, xxxi. To salute with a present. Judges, xv. To come to a survey, with judicial authority. Ayliffe. To VFSIT, viz'-It. v. n. To' keep up the intercourse of ceremonial salutations at the houses of each other. Law. VISIT, vlz'-it. n. s. [visite, Fr.] The act of going to see another. Watts. VFSITABLE, viz'-e-ta-bl. 405. a. Liable to be visit- ed. Ayliffe. VFS1TANT, viz'-e-tant. 88. n. s. One who goes to see another. Milton. VISITATION, vk-e-ta'-shun. n.s. [visito, Lat.] The act of visiting. Shak. Object of visits. Milton, [visitation, Fr.] Judicial visit or perambulation. WJiite. Judicial evil sent by God ; state of suffer- ing judicial evil. Bp. Taylor. Communication of divine love. Hooker. VISITATORIAL, vfz-e-ta-to'-re-al. a. Belonging to a judicial visitor. Ayliffe. VISITER, > » , a. .* OQ S n - *■ ° ne wJl ° comes to VISITOR, r ,z " It_tur - M ) see another. Shak. [visiteur, Fr.] An occasional judge; one who reg- ulates the disorders of any society. Walton* VIT VOC — 116, mfive, n6r, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — oil ; — pound ; — th'm, this. VI SITING* viz'-it-ing. iu s. Visitation 5 act of visit- ing". Sliakspeare. VFSIVE, vl'-siv. 140, 457, 428. a. [visif, Fr. ; visus, l Lat.] Formed in the act of seeing ; belonging to the power of seeing. Brown. YFSNOMY, viz'-no-me. n. s. [corrupted from physi- osrnomy.] Face 3 countenance. Spenser. Ob. J. VFSOR$, v?z'-ur. 166. n. s. [This word is variously written, visard, visar, visor, vizard, vizor; visus, Lat.] A mask used to disfigure and disguise. Sid- ney. A movable part in the front of a helmet, placed above the beaver, in order to protect the upper part of the face 3 and perforated with mairy holes, which afforded the wearer an opportunity of discerning objects. Spenser. VFSORED, viz'-urd. 359. a. Masked. Milton. VISTA, vfs'-ta. 92. n. s. [Ital.] View 3 prospect through an avenue. Addison. VISUAL, vizh'-u-al. 451. a. [lisuel, Fr.] Used in sight 5 exercising the power of sight 3 instrumental to sight. Bacon. VTTAL §, vl'-tal. 88. a. [vilalis, Lat.] Contributing to lifej necessary to life. Sidney. Relating to life. Shak. Containing life. Milton. Being the seat of life. Pope. So disposed as to live. Brown. Essential ; chiefly necessary. Bp. Corbet. VITALITY, vl-tal'-e-te. n. s. Power of subsisting in life. Raleigh. VTTALLY, vl'-tal-e. ad. In such a manner as to give life. Beniley. VFTALS, vl'-talz. n.s. [without the singular.] Parts essential to life. Phillips. VI'TELLARY, vl'-tel-lar-e. n.s. \vitellus, Lat.] The place where the yolk of the egg swims in the white. ] Brown. To VFTIATE §, v?sh'-e-ate. v. a. [vitio, Lat.] To deprave 5 to spoil 3 to make less pure. Evelyn. VITIATION, v?sh-e-a'-shun. n.s. Depravation 3 corruption. Harvey. To VFTILFTIGATES, vl-te-uV-e-gate. v. n. [vitio- sus and litigo, Lat.] To contend in law litigiously and cavillously. VITILITIGATION, vl-te-lft-e-ga'-shfin. n.s. Con- tention ; cavillation. Hudibras. VTJTOSITY, vish-e-Ss'-e-te. n.s. [vitiosus, Lat.] Depravity; corruption. South. VFTIOUS §, vfsh'-us. 461. a. [vicieux, Fr. ; viiiosus, Lat.] Corrupt ; wicked ; opposite to virtuous. Sluik. Corrupt ; having phvsical ill qualities. B. Jonson. VFTIOUSLY, vlsh'-us-le. ad. Not virtuously; cor- ruptly. VFTIOUSNESS, vlsh'-us-nSs. n. s. Corruptness ; state of being vitious. Slwk. Depravation 5 state of being vitiated. Wliarton. VFTREOUS §, vit'-tre-us. a. [vitre, Fr. ; viireus, Lat.] Glassy; consisting of glass ; resembling glass. Ray. ['TREOUSNESS, vit ; -tre-us-nes. n. s. Resem- VI blance of glass VITRLFICABLE re-trlf-fe-ka-bl. a. Convertible into glass. ToVITRFFICATEi ve-trif-fe-kate. v. a. [vitrum and facio, Lat.] To change into glass. Bacon. VITRIFICATION, vft-tre-fe-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr.] Production of glass 5 act of changing, or state of being changed into glass. Bacon. To VPTRIFY^vlt'-tre-fJ. 183. v. a. [vtirifier, Fr. ; vi- trutn and facio, Lat.] To change into glass. Bacon. To VPTRIFY, vit'-tre-fl. v. n. To become glass 3 to be changed into glass. Arbulhnot. VI'TRIOM, vft'-tre-ul. 166. n. s. [Fr.; vitnolum, Lat.] A compound salt, produced by addition of a metallick matter with the fossil acid salt. Wood- ward. VFTRIOL ATE , v?t'-tre-6-late. > a. [vitHole', Fr.] I VPTRIOLATED, vlt'-re-o-la-ted. S Impregnated I with vitriol ; consisting of vitriol. Bacon. VFTRIO'LICK, vlt-re-ol'-fk. ) a. [vitriolique, Fr.] i VFTRIOLOUS, ve-tri'-o-lus. $ Resembling vitriol 3 i containing vitriol. Brown. VPTULINE, vlt'-tshu-llne. 149. a. [mtulinus, Lat.] j Belonging to a calf, or to veal. Bailey. VnUTERABLE, ve-tu'-per-a-bl, orvi-tu'-per-a-bl. 138, 405. a. [old Fr. } vituperabilis, Lat.] Blame- worthy. Cockeram. ^VITUPERATES, ve-tu'-per-ate, or vl-uV-per- ate. 138. v. a. \yituperer, Fr. 5 vitupero, Lat.] To blame ; to censure. Bullokar. VITUPERATION, ve-tCi-p^r-a'-shun, or vl-tu-pei - &/-shun. n. s. [Fr. 5 vituperatio, Lat.] Blame; cen- sure. Donne. VITUPERATIVE*, ve-tu'-per-a-uV. a. Belonging to blame ; containing censure. Arbuthnot. VITUPE'RIOUS*, vl-tu-pe' -re-us. 138. a. [vitupe- rium, Lat.] Disgraceful. Shelton. Ob. T. VIVACIOUS §, ve-va'-shus, or vl-va'-sh&s. 138. a. [vivax, Lat.] Long-lived. Beniley. Sprightly; gay t active ; lively. Howell. VIVACIOUSNESS, ve-va'-shfis-ngs, or vlO va'-shfis-nes. 138. > n. 9. VIVACITY, ve-vas'-e-te, or vi-vas'-e-te. ) [vivacite, Fr.] Liveliness; sprightliness. Dry den. Longevity; length of life. Brown. Power of liv ing. Boyle*. VFVARY, vl'-va-re. n.s. [vivarium, Lat] A plaee of land or water, where living creatures are kept In law, it signifies most commonly a park, warren, fish-pond, or piscary. Cowel. VIVE, vlve. a. [vif, Fr. ; vivos, Lat.] Lively ; fore' ble ; pressing. Bacon. VFVELY*, vlve'-le. ad. In a lively manner ; strong- ly; forcibly. Marston. VI'VENCY, vl'-ven-se. n. s. [vivo, Lat.] Manner of supporting or continuing life or vegetation. Brown. VFVES. n. s. A distemper among horses much like the strangles. Farrier's Diet. VIVID§, vlv'-id. 544. a. [vividus, Lat.] Lively 5 quick; striking. Boyle. Sprightly; active. South VI VIDLY, vfv'-fd-le. ad. With life ; with quickness , with strength. Boyle. VIVIDNESS, vlv'-id-nes. n.s. Life; vigour; quick- ness. VIVFFICAL, vl-vlf-fe-kal. a. [vivificus, Lat.] Giv- ing life. Bailey. To VIVFFICATE $, vl-vlf -fe-kate. 138. v.a. [vivijea, Lat.] To make alive ; to inform with life ; to ani- mate. More. To recover from such a change of form as seems to destroy the essential properties : a chymical term. VERIFICATION, viv-e-fe-ka'-shun. n.s. [Fr.] The act of giving life. Bacon. VrvTFICATIVE*, vi-vif-fe-ka-tiv. a. Able to ani- mate. More. VIVI'FICK, vl-vlf-ik. 138, 509. a. [vivifjque, Fr. ; vivi fiats, Lat.] Giving life; making alive. Ray. To VFVIFY, vlv'-e-fi. 183. v. a. [yhijier, Fr. ; vivus and facio, Lat.] To make alive ; to animate 3 to endue with life. Bacon. VIVI'PAROUS, vl-vip'-pa-rus. 138. a. [vivus and pario, Lat.] Bringing the young alive : opposed to omparous. Brown. VFXEN§, vfk'-sn. 103. n. s. [from vixen, a fox's cub.] A froward, quarrelsome person. Sliakspeare. VFXENLY*, vik'-sn-le. a. Having the qualities or manner of a vixen. Barrow. VYL. ad. [videlicet.] To wit; that is. Holder. VFZARD $, viz'-urd. 88. n. s. [visiere, Fr. See Visor.] A mask used for disguise. Bacon. To VIZARD, vfz'-fird. v. a. To mask. Shak speare. VIZIER, xiz'-yhre. n. s. [properly icazir.~\ The prime minister of the Turkish emp-ire. Knolles. VO'CABLE*, vA'-ki-bl. 405. n. s. [vocable, old Fr.; vocabulum, Lat.] A word. Coverdale. VOCABULARY, v6-kab'-u-la-r£. n. s. [vocabula- rium, Lat.] A dictionary ; a lexicon ; a word book. Brown. VO'CAL § vo'-kal. a. [Fr ; vocalis, Lat.] Having a voice. Craslmw. Uttered or modulated by the voice. Hooker. VOCALrTY, vi-kal'-e-te. n. s. {vocaliuxs, Lat.] Power of utterance 3 quality of being utterable by the voice. Holder. To VO'CALIZE, v6 / -kal-lze. v. a To form into voice. Holder. J 003 VOL VOL ttJ 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met 5— pine, p!n ;- VO'CALLY, v6'-kal-le. ad. In words 3 articulately. Hale. VOCATION, v6-ka'-shun. n. s. [Fr. ; vocatio, Lat.] Calling- by the will of God. Hooker. Summons. Dry den. Trade ; employment ; calling. Sidney. It is used ironically in contempt. Swift. VO'CATIVE, vok'-a-tlv. 157. a. [vocatif, Fr.; voca- tivus, Lat.] Denoting the grammatical case used in calling or speaking to. To VOCFFERATE §* v6-slf -gr-ate. v. n. [vocifero, Lat.] To clamour ; to make outcries. Johnson. VOCIFERATION, v6-sff-eY-a'-shun. n.s. [vocifera- tio, Lat.] Clamour; outcry. Arbuthnot. VOCFFEROUS, v6-sff-er-us. a. [vocifero, Lat.] Clamorous ; noisy. CJiapman. VOGUE, v6g. 337. n. s. [Fr.] Fashion; mode; popular reception. South. VOICE §, v6ls. 299. n. s. [voix, Fr. ; vox, vocis, Lat.] Sound emitted by the mouth. Chapman. Sound of the mouth, as distinguished from that uttered by another mouth. Bacon. Any sound made by breath. Addison. Vote ; suffrage ; opinion expressed. Shak. Language; words; expression. Fell. To VOICE, vols. v. a. To rumour ; to report. Shak. To vote. Shak. Ob. J. To VOICE, v6Is. v. n. To clamour ; to make out- cries. Bacon. Ob. J. VOFCED,v6ist.359. a. Furnished with a voice. Austin. VOID §, void. 299. a. [vuide, Fr.] Empty ; vacant. Gen. i. Vain ; ineffectual ; null ; vacated. Hooker. Unsupplied; unoccupied. Camden. Wanting; un- furnished; empty. Whitgift. Unsubstantial; un- real. Pope. VOID, v6M. n. s. An empty space ; vacuum ; vacancy. Pope. To VOID, void, v. a. [mtider, Fr.] To quit; to leave empty. SJuik. To emit; to pour out. Wilkins. To emit as excrement. Bacon. To vacate; to nullify; to annul. Clarendon. To VOID, v6M. v. n. To be emitted. Wiseman. To receive what is emitted. Sliakspeare. VOIDABLE, vdid'-a-bl. 405. a. Such as may be annulled. Ayliffe. VO IDANCE, vold'-anse. n. s. The act of empty- ing. Ejection from a benefice. VOIDER, void'-ur. 98. n. s. A basket, in which broken meat is carried from the table. Cleaveland. VOTDNESS, vold'-nes. n. s. Emptiness; vacuity. Spenser. Nullity ; inefficacy. Want of substan- tiality. Hakewill. VO'ITURE, vfie-uW. n. s. [Fr.] Carriage; trans- portation by carriage. Arbuthnot. VOLANT, v6 / -lant. a. [volans, Lat. ; volant, Fr.] Fly- ing ; passing through the air. Wilkins. Wimble; active. Milton. VOLATILE §, vol'-a-til. 145. a. [volatilis, Lat.] Fly- ing ; passing through the air. Bacon, [volatile, Fr.] Having the power to pass off by spontaneous evap- oration. Milton. Lively ; fickle ; changeable of mind; full of spirit; airy. Watts. VOLATILE, vol'-a-tll. n. s. [volatile, Fr.] A wing- ed animal. Brown. VO'LATILENESS, v6F-a-dl-n5s. ) n. s. [volatility, VOLATILITY, vol-a-tu'-e-te. \ Fr.] The qual- ity of flying away by evaporation; not fixity. Bacon. Mutability of mind ; airiness ; liveliness. Bp. Hopkins. VOLATILIZATION, vol-a-til-e-za'-shun.n. s. The act of making- volatile. Boyle. To VOLATILIZE, vol'-a-tll-lze. v. a. [volatiliser, Fr.] To make volatile ; to subtilize to the highest degree. Newton. VOLCA'NO, vol-ka'-no. [See Lumbago.] n. s. [Ital. from Vulcan.'] A burning mountain. Brown. VOLE, vole. n. s. [Fr.] A deal at cards, that draws the whole tricks. Swift. VO'LERY, vol'-er-e. 555. n. s. [volerie, Fr.] A flight of birds. Locke. VOLITATION, vSl-e-ta'-shfin. n. s. [volito, Lat.] The act or power of flying. Brown. VOLITION, v6-lish'-un. n. s. [volitio, Lat.] The act o f »illir.g ; the power of choice exerted. Wilkins. VO'LITIVE, v&l'-e-tiv. 158. a. Having the power to will. Hale. VOLLEY, voK-Je. n. s. [volee, Fr.] A flight of shot. Raleig'i. A burst; an emission of many at once. Shakspeare. To VOLLEY, vol'-le. v. n. To throw out. Shak. To VOLLEY*, vol'-le. v. a. To discharge aswilb a volley . Shaksveare. VOLLIED, vol'-lid. 282. a. Disploded ; discharged with a volley. Milton. VOLT, v6lt. n.s. [volte, Fr.] Volt signifies a round or a circular tread ; a gait of two treads made by a horse going sidoways round a centre. Farrier's Diet. VOLUBILITY, v&l-u-bn'-e-te. n. s. [volubiliti, Fr. volubilitas, Lat.] The act or power of rolling. Watts. Activity of tongue; fluency of speech. Slvxk. Mutability ; liableness to revolution. L' Es- trange. VOLUBLE, vol'-u-bl. 405. a. [volubilis, Lat.] Formed so as to roll easily ; formed so as to be easily put in motion. Hammond. Rolling ; having quick motion. Milton. Nimble; active: applied to the tongue. Addison. Fluent of words. Shakspeare. VOLUBLY*, vol'-u-ble. ad. In a voluble manner. Hudibras. VOLUME §, v&l'-yume. 113. n.s. [volumen, Lat.] Something rolled, or convolved. As much as seems convolved at once ; as a fold of a serpent, a wave of water. Shak. [volume, Fr.] A book: so called, because books were anciently rolled upon a staff. Spenser. VOLU'MINOUS, v6-lo/-me-nus. a. Consisting of many complications. Milton. Consisting of many volumes, or books. Milton. Copious; diffusive. Clarendon. VOLUMINOUSLY, v6-lu'-me-nus-le. ad. In many volumes or books. Granville. VOLU'MINOUSNESS*, v6-lu'-me-nus-nes. n. s. State of being voluminous. Dodwell. VOLUMIST*, vol'-u-mist. n. s. Ona who writes a volume ; an author. Milton. Ob. T. VOLUNTARILY, v&l'-un-ta-re-le. ad. [volontiers, Fr.] Spontaneously; of one's own accord ; without compulsion. Hooker. VOLUNTARINESS*, vol'-fln-ta-re-nes. n. s. State of being voluntary. Hammond. VOLUNTARY §, vol' -un-ta-re. a. [volontaire, Fr.; voluntarius, Lat.] Acting without compulsion; acting by choice. Hooker. Willing ; acting with willingness. Pope. Done by design ; purposed. Perkins. Done without compulsion. Locke. Act- ing of its own accord ; spontaneous. Hooker. VOLUNTARY, vol'-un-ta-re. n. s. A volunteer; one who engages in any affair of his own accord. Shak. A piece of musick played at will, without any settled rule. Cleaveland. VOLUNTEER, vol-un-teer'. n. s. [voluntaire, Fr.] A soldier who enters into the service of his own ac- cord. Collier. To VOLUNTEE'R, vol-un-teer'. v. n. To go for a soldier. Dry den. VOLU'PTUARY, v6-l&p'-tshu-a-re. n. s. [volup- tuaire, Fr. ; voluptuarius, Lat.] A man given up to pleasure and luxury. Atterbury. VOLU'PTUOUS^vb-lfip'-tshu-us. a. [volvptuosus f Lat. ; volupiueux, Fr.] Given to excess of pleasure ; luxurious. Spenser. $5= This word is frequently mispronounced as if written volupshus.—See Presumptuous. W. VOLU'PTUOUSLY, vo-lup'-tshu-us-le. ad. Luxuri- ously; with indulgence of excessive pleasure. Soutfh. VOLUPTUOUSNESS, v6-lup'-tshu-us-nes. n. s. Luxuriousness ; addictedness to excess of pleasure. Shakspeare. VOLUTATION, vol-u-ta'-sh&n. n. s. [volutaiio, LatJ Wallowing; rolling. Bp. Reynolds. VOLUTE, vo-lute'. n. s. [Fr.] A member of a column. That part of the capitals of the Ionick Corinthian, and Composite orders, which is sup- posed to represent the bark of trees twisted and turned into spiral lines. Harris. 1004 VOW VUL — n6, m5ve, n6r, not ; — tube, t&b, bull ; — oil ; — pSiind ; — thin, this. VOMICA, vom'-e-ka. n. s. [Lat.] An encysted tumour in the lungs. Arbuthnot. VOM1CK-NUT, v6m -ik-n&t. n. s. The nucleus of a fruit of an East Indian tree, the wood of which is the snakewood of the shops. Hill. To VOMIT §, vdm'-it. v. n. [vomo, Lat.] To cast up the contents of the stomach. More. To VOMIT, vom'-lt. v. a. [vomir, Fr.] To throw up from the stomach. Jonah, ii. To throw up with violence from any hollow. VOMIT, vom'-ft. n. s. The matter thrown up from the stomach. Sandys. An emetick medicine ; a medicine that causes vomit. Blackmore. VOMIT ION, v6-mish'-fin. n. s. [vomo, Lat.] The act or power of vomiting. Grew. VOMITIVE, vom'-e-tlv. 158. a. [vomitif Fr.] Emet- ick; causing vomits. Brown. VOMITORY, vom'-e-tfir-e. 512. [See Domestick.] a. [vomitoire, Fr. 3 vomitorius, Lat.] Procuring vomits; emetick. Brown. VORA'CIOUS §, vi-ra'-shus. 357. a. [vorace.Fr.;, vo- rax, Lat.] Greedy to eat ; ravenous ; edacious. Gov. of the Tongue. Rapacious; greedv. VORA'CIOUSLY, v6-ra/-shus-le. ad. Greedily; ravenously. Boswell. VORA'CIOUSNESS, v6-ra / -shus-nes. ) n. s. [vo- VORA'CIT Y, vo-raV-se-te. \ rojciti, Fr. ; voracilas, Lat.] Greediness; ravin; ravenous- ness. Sandys. VORA'GLNOUS*, vi-rad'-jln-us. a. [voraginosus. Lat.] Full of gulfs. Scott. VO'RTEX, vSr'-teks. n. s. In the plural, vortices. [Lat.] Any thing whirled round. Newton. VO'RTICAL, vSr'-te-kal. 88. a. Having a whirling motion. Newton. VOTARESS, vcV-ta-res. n. s. [female of votary.] A woman devoted to any worship or state. Shak. VO'TARIST, v^'-ta-rlst. n. s. One devoted to any person or thing ; one given up by a vow to any service or worship; votary. Milton. VO'TARY, v6'-ta-re. n. s. One devoted, as by a vow, to any particular service, worship, study, or state of life Locke. VOTARY, v6'-ta-re. a. Consequent to a vow. Bacon. VOTE §, v6te. n. s. [voturn, Lat.] Suffrage ; voice given and numbered. Roscommon. United voice of persons in publick prayer. See Suffrage. Bp. PHdeaux. To VOTE, vote. v. a. To choose by suffrage ; to deter- mine by suffrage. Bacon. To give by vote. Swift. VOTER, v6'-tur. 98. n. s. One who has the right of giving his voice or suffrage. Swift. VO TIVE, v6'-uV. 157. a. [yotivus, Lat.] Given by vow , observed in consequence of a vow. Feltham. To VOUCH §, v6utsh. 313. v. a. [voucher, Norm. Fr.] To call to witness ; to obtest. South. To attest ; to warrant ; to declare ; to maintain by repeated affirmations. Locke. To VOUCH, v6utsh. v.n. To bear witness ; to ap- pear as a witness ; to give testimony. Swift. VOUCH, v6utsh. n. s. Warrant; attestation. Shak. VOUCHER, vSutsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One who gives witness to any thing. Spectator. Testimonv. Locke. To VOUCHSAFE ?, vofitsh-safe'. v. a. To permit any thing to be done without danger. To conde- scend to grant. Sidney. To VOUCHSAFE, vdutsh-safe'. v. n. To deign ; to condescend ; to yield. Sidney. VOUCHSA'FEMENT, vSutsh-safe'-ment. n. s. Grant ; condescension. Boyle. VOW§ vou. 323. n. s. [voeu, Fr. ; voturn, Lat.] Any promise made to a divine power ; an act of devo- tion, by which some part of life, or some part of possessions, is consecrated to a particular purpose. Hammond. A solemn promise, commonly used for a promise of love or matrimony. Shakspeare. To VOW, vM. v. a. [vouer, Fr. ; voveo, Lat.] To consecrate by a solemn dedication; to give to a di- vine power. Hooker. To devote : a ceremonial phrase. Spenser. To VOW v6u. v. n. To make vows or solemn prom- ises. Suckling. VOWED, v6ud. part. pass. Consecrated by solem» declaration. Milton. VOWEL §, vM'-i). 99, 323. n. s. [voijelle, Fr. ; ve calis, Lat.] A letter which can be uttered by itsell Holder. VO'WELLED*, vou'-eld. a. Furnished with vow els. Dryden. VO'WER*, v6u -ur, n. s. One who makes a vow Sanderson. VOWFE'LLOW, v6u'-fel-l6. n.s. [row and fellow.-] One bound by the same vow. Shakspeare. VOYAGER v6e'-adje. 90. n.s. [voyage, Fr., from viam Agere, Lat.] A travel by sea or land, former- ly ; now -applied only to that by sea. Spenser Course ; attempt ; undertaking : a low phrase. Shakspeare. The practice of travelling. Bojcon. To VO'YAGE, v6e'-adje. v. n. [voyager, Fr.] To travel : now appropriated to travelling by sea. Milton. To VO'YAGE, voe'-adje. v. a. To travel ; to pass over. MiltOn. VOYAGER, voe'-a-jur. 98. n. s. [voyogeur, Fr.] One who travels by sea. Donne. VULCA'NO, vfil-ka'-^. [See Lumbago.] n.s. [Ital.] A burning mountain, commonly written volcano. Arbuthnot. VU'LGAR, vul'-gur. 88. a. [vulgaire, Fr. ; vulgaris, Lat.] Plebeian ; suiting to the common people ; practised among the common people. Addison. Vernacular ; national. Fell. Mean ; low ; being of the common rate. South. Publick ; commonly bruited. Shakspeare. VULGAR. vul'-gfir. n. s. [vulgaire, Fr.] The com- mon people. Shakspeare. VULGARISM, vfil'-ga-rizm. n. s. Grcssness ; raean ness ; vulgarity. Reynolds. To VULGARIZE*, vul'-ga-rlze. v. a. To render mean or vularar. Arbuthnot. VULGA'RITY, vul-gar'-e-te. n. s. Meanness ; state of the lowest people. Brown. Mean or gross mode. Dryden. VU'LGARLY, vul'-gur-le. ad. Commonly ; in the ordinary maimer ; among the common people Daniel. VULGATE*, vul'-gat. a. [vulgaius, Lat.] Belong- ing to a noted Latin version of the Old and New Testament. Blackwall. VU'LGATE*, vul'-gat. n. s. An ancient Latin translation of the Bible ; the only one which the Church of Rome acknowledges to be aulhentick. Chamheis. VULNERABLE, vul'-nSr-a-bl. a. [vulnerabilis, Lat.] Susceptive of wounds ; liable to external injuries. Shakspeare. VULNERARY, vul'-nur-a-re. 555. a. [vulneraire, Fr. ; vulneranus, Lat.] Useful in the cure of wounds. Brown. roVULNERATE^vul'-nur-ate. 91. v. a. [vulne- ro, Lat.] To wound; to hurt. Glanville. VULNERA'TION*, vul-nur-a'-shfin. n.s. Act of wounding; infliction of wounds. Pearson. VULPIINE, vul'-pin, or vfil'-pine. a. [vulpinus, Lat.; vulpine, old Fr.] Belonging to a fox ; like a fox. Feltham. %Cr Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott mark the i in the last syllable long, as in pine. I am inclined to shorten it with Mr. Perry, like pin ; and my reason is, that the accent immediately precedes it. — See Principles, No 140. W. VU'LTURE§, vul'-tshure. n.s. [miltur, Lat.] A large bird of prey, remarkable for voracity. Spen- ser. VU'LTURINE, vul'-tshu-rlne. 149. a. [vulturimis, Lat.] Belonging to a vulture. $gT Mr* Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Buchanan, and Mr Nares. make the i in the last syllable of this word long asinjtne. I join them in this pronunciation, because the accent is two syllables higher. W. VULTUROUS*, vfiF-tshur-us. a. Like a vulture voracious. Hammond. 1005 WA.G WAI O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m^t;— pine, pin: Wis a letter of which the form is not to be found in the alphabets of the learned languages ; though it is not improbable that by our w is ex- pressed the sound of the Roman v, and the Eolick /. Both the form and sound are excluded from the languages derived from the Latin. W is sometimes improperly used in diphthongs as a vowel, for u, view ; strew : the sound of w conso- nant, if it be a consonant, is uniform. 474. To WA'BBLE, w6b / -bl. 405. v.n. [ A low, barbarous w r ord.] To move from side to side ; to change di- rection. Moxon. WAD, wod. n. s. [peob, Sax.] A bundle of straw or other loose matter thrust close together. Wadd, or black lead, is a mineral of great use and value, [pab, Sax.] Any thing crammed or stuffed in ; as tow into a gun or cannon, [vad, vod, Icel.] Maydman. Old English for woad : which see. WARDING, wod'-dmg. n.s. [vad, Icel.] A kind of soft stuff loosely woven, with which the skirts of coats are stuffed out. To WA'DDLE, wod'-dl. 405. v.n. [wedeln, Germ.] To shake in walking from side to side; to deviate in motion from a right line. Shakspeare. To WADE, wade. v. n. [vadum, Lat.] To walk through the waters; to pass water without swim- ming. Shak. To pass difficultly and laboriously. Hooker. WATER, wa'-fur. 98. n. s. [wafel, Dutch.] A thin cake. Tusser. The bread given in the eucharist by the Romanists. Bp. Hail. Paste made to close j letters. To WAFT §, waft. v. a. preter. wafted, or perhaps waft ; part. pass, wafted, or waft, [probably from wave; veifa, Icel.; wefta, Sueth.] To carry through the air, or on the water. Shak. To buoy ; to make float ; to hinder from sinking. Brown. To beckon ; to inform by a sign of any thing moving. Sliakspeare. To turn. Shakspeare. 9^= Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, and Mr. Scott, pronounce the a, in this word, as I have marked it : Mr. Perry adopts the a in father ; and, though Mr. Smith thinks this the true sound, he confesses the short a is daily gain- ing ground ; but W. Johnston, for want of attending to the rule laid down in Principles, No. 85, makes waft rhyme with soft .■ Mr. Nares has not got the word ; but, by omitting it in classes where the a is pronounced as in father and water, shows he is of opinion it ought to have the sound I have given it. W. To WAFT, waft. v. n. To float. Bp. Hall. WAFT, waft. n.s. A floating body. Thomson. Motion of a streamer : used as a token or mean of information at sea. WATTAGE, waft'-ldje. 90. n. s. Carriage by water or air. Sliakspeare. Ob. J. WATTER, waft'-fir. n. s. A passage boat. Ains- worth. One who wafts or conveys. Beaum. and Fl. WATTURE, waf-tshure. 461. n.s. The act of waving. Shakspeare. To WAG §, wag. 85. v. a. [pa£ian, Sax. ; waggen, Dutch.] To move lightly ; to shake slightly. Lam. ii. To WAG, wag. v. n. To be in quick or ludicrous motion. Shak. To go ; to pack off. Sliak. To be moved. Dryden. WAG, wag. n.s. [pcegan, Sax.] Any one ludicrous- ly mischievous ; a merry droll. Sidney. WAGE §, wadje. n. s. The plural wages is now only used, [wegen, or wagen, Germ.] Pay given for service. Shakspeare. Gage; pledge. Spenser. To WAGE, wadje. v. a. [the origination is not easi- ly discovered.] "To attempt; to venture. Sliak. To make ; to carry on : applied to war. Shak. [from wage, icages.] To set to hire. Spenser. To take to hire ; to hire for pay ; to hold in pay ; to em- ploy for wages. Shak. [Inlaw.] When an action of debt is brought against one, as for money or chattels, the defendant may wage his law : that is, swear, and certain persons with him, that he owes nothing to the plaintiff in manner as he hath de- clared. The offer to make the oath is called wager of law. Biount. — This word is now only used in the phrase to wage war. w5 WA'GER §, wa'-jur. 98. n.s. [from wage, to venture.] A bet ; any thing pledged upon a chance or per- formance. Sidney. Subject on which bets are laid Sianey. [In law.] An offer to make oath. This legal sense is not confined to making oath, but ex- tends to offering justification or proof in any way Blackstone. To WA'GER, wa'-jur. v. a. To lay; to pledge as a bet ; to pledge upon some casualty or performance Beaumont and Fletcher. To WA'GER*, wa'-jur. v. n. To offer a wager Shakspeare. W A'GERER* waMur-ur. n. s. One who bets ; one who wagers. Swift. WA'GES, wa'-jlz. 99. n. s. See Wage. WA'GGERY, wag'-gfir-e. 555. n.s. [from wag.] Mischievous merriment; roguish trick ; sarcastical jayety. Locke. A'GGISH, wag'-?sh. 383. a. Knavishly merry ; merrily mischievous; frolicksome. Sliakspeare. WA GGISHLY, wagMsh-le. ad. In a waggish manner. B. Jonson. WA'GGISHNESS, wag'-fsh-nes. n.s. Merry mis- chief. Bacon. To WA'GGLE, wag'-gl. 405. v.n. [wagghelen, Dutch.] To waddle ; to move from side to side. Sidney. WA'GON§, ) * , i -.re S«'*-[p«Se n »Sax.: WA'GGOK f §*, \ ™S'-™' 166 - } W aeghms, Dutch ; vagn, Icel.] [ Wagon is strictly conformable to the etymology; but waggon is the prevailing form Todd.] A heavy carriage for burthens. Knolles A chariot. Spenser. WA'GONAGE, wag'-un-fdje. n.s. Money paid for carriage in a wagon. WAGGONER, wag'-un-ur. 98. n. s. One who drives a wagon. Spenser. WA'GTAIL, wag'-tale. n.s. A bird. Shakspeare. WAID, wa.de. 202. a. [probably for weighed.] Crush- ed. Shakspeare. WAIF, wafe. ) n. s, [wavium, waivium, law Lat. ; WA1FT*, waft. \ from wave.] Goods found, but claimed by nobody ; that of which every one waves the claim. Spenser. To WAIL §, wale. v. a. [vaela, Icel. ; wail, Goth.] To moan ; to lament ; to bewail. Shakspeare. To WAIL, wale. 202. v. n. To grieve audibly ; to express sorrow. Mic. i. WAIL, wale. n.s. Audible sorrow; lamentation. Brown. WATLFUL, wale'-ful. a. Sorrowful; mournful. Sliakspeare. WA'ILINGjWa'-llng^lO. n.s. Lamentation; moan; audible sorrow. Spenser. WAIN, wane. n. s. [contracted from wagon.] A carriage. Spenser. WATNAGE, wa'-nidje. n. s. A finding of carriages. Ainsworth. WA'INROPE, wane'-r6pe. n. s. [wain and rope.] A large cord, with which the load is tied on the wag- on ; cartrope. Shakspeare. WATNSCOT, wen'-skut. n. s. [wageschot, Dutch.] The inner wooden covering of a wall. Bacon. Qijp I have given the common sound of this word, and as it is marked by Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and adopted in Steele's Grammar. Mr. Perry pro- nounces the first syllable so as to rhyme with man ; but W. Johnston, who pronounces both this word and waistcoat regularly, is, in my opinion, the most cor- rect. W. To WATNSCOT, wen'-sk&t. v. a. [waegenschoiien, Dutch.] To line walls with boards. Bacon. To line buildings with different materials. Grew. WAIR, ware. n. s. [In carpentry.] A piece of tim- ber two yards long, and a foot broad. Bailey. WAIST§, waste, n.s. [gwase, Welsh; wahstus, M. Goth.] The smallest part of the body ; the part below the ribs. Milton. The middle deck or floor of a ship. Dryden. WA'ISTBAND*, wast'-band. n.s. That part of the breeches which encircles the waist. Tatler. 1006 WAL WAL — n6, m6ve, ndr, n6t ; tub, bull ;— 6il ;— pS&nd ;— thia, THis. WAISTCOAT, weV-k&t. n. s. An inner coat; a coat close to the body. Ridwrdson. $Cr This word has fallen into tho general contraction observable in similar compounds, but, in my opinion, not so irrecoverably as some others have done. It would scarcely sound pedantick if both parts of the word were pronounced with equal distinctness; though Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott pronounce the diphthong as I have marked it. W. To WAIT §, wate. v. a. [wachten, Dutch.] To ex- pect 5 to stay for. Shak. To attend ; to accompa- ny with submission or respect. Dryden. To at- tend as a consequence of something. Phillips. To watch as an enemy. Job, xv. To WAIT, wate. v. n. To expect ; to stay in ex- pectation. Job, xiv. To pay servile or submissive attendance. Milton. To attend : with on. A phrase of ceremony. Shak. To stay; not to depart from. South. To stay by reason "of some hinderance. To look watchfully. Bacon. To lie in ambush as an enemy. Milton, To follow as a consequence. Decay o/Chr. Piety. WAIT, wate. n. s. Ambush ; insidious and secret attempts. It is commonly used in these phrases : to lay wait, and to lie in icait. Num. xxxv. WATTER, wa'-tftr. 98. n. s. An attendant ; one who attends for the accommodation of others. B. Jon- WATTING Gentlewoman. WAITING Maid. WATTING Woman. WAITS*, wits, n. s. pi. itinerant musicians. To WAIVE t, wave. ~)n. s. An upper servant, £• who attends on a lady ) in her chamber. Shak. [walds, Goth.] Nocturnal imont and FletcJier. To put off"; to quit ; to re- linquish. See To Wave and To Weive. Jr^f 3 I have inserted this word on the authority of Black- stone, quoted by Mr. Mason, as may be seen under the word Waif, and I remember to have seen it spelled in this manner, though I cannot recollect by whom. Its etymology is uncertain ; but distinguishing it from the word wave, from which it can scarcely be derived, is of real utility to the language, which, as much as possi- ble, ought to adopt a different orthography to express a different sense or a different pronunciation. — See Bowl. W. To WAKE §, wake. v. n. [ivakan, Goth. ; pacian, Sax. ; waecken, Dutch.] To watch ; not to sleep. Spenser. To be roused from sleep. Milton. To cease to sleep. Sidney. To be quick; to be alive. Dryden. To be put in action; to be excited. Milton. To WAKE, wake. v. a. [peccian, Sax. ; wecken, Du'ch.J To rouse from sleep. Shak. To excite ; to put in motion, or action. Joel, iii. To bring- to life again, as if from the sleep of death. Milton. [wakna, Goth.] To watch or attend a corpse. Bp. of Killala. WAKE, wake. n. s. The feast of the dedication of the church, formerly kept by watching all night. Tusser. Vigils; state of forbearing sleep. Milton. Act of waking from sleep. Old Song of Robin Goodfellow. The track formed on the water by the course of a ship. WA KEFUL, wake'-ful. a. Not sleeping ; vigilant. Spenser. WAKEFULNESS, wake'-ful-ngs. n. s. Want of sleep. Bacon. Forbearance of sleep. More. To WA'KEN, wa'-k'n. 103. v. n. To watch ; not to sleep. Beaum. and Fl. To cease from sleep ; to be roused from sleep. Dryden. To WA'KEN, wa'-k'n. v. a. To rouse from sleep. Zech. iv. To excite to action. Roscommon. To produce ; to excite. Milton. WVKENER*, wa'-k'n-ur. n. s. An exciter. Feltham. WA'KER*, wa'-kur. n. s. One who watches. Pr. Parv. One who rouses from sleep. B. Jonson. WAKEROBIN, wake'-rob-in. n. s. A plant. Miller. WA'KING*, walking, n. s. Watch : obsolete. Wiclijfe. The period of continuing awake. Butler. WALE, wale. n. s. [pel, Sax.] A rising part in the surface of cloth. Beaumont and FletcJier. Te WALK $, wawk. 84. v. n. [walen, Germ. ; peal- can, Sax.] To move by leisurely steps, so that onft foot is set down before the other is taken up. Clar- endon. It is used in the ceremonious language of invitation, for come, or go. Shak. To move tor ex- ercise or amusement. Slutk. To move the slowest pace ; not to trot, gallop, or amble : applied to a horse. To appear as a spectre. Shak. To act on any occasion. B. Jonson. To be in motion : ap- plied to a clamorous or abusive female tongue, and is still, in low language, retained. Spenser. To act in sleep. Sluxk. To range ; to be stirring. Sluxk To move off; to depart. Spenser. To act in any particular manner. Mic. vi. To travel. Deut. ii. To WALK, wawk. v. a. To pass through. Shak. To lead out, for the sake of air or exercise : as, He icalked his horse in the meadow. To conduct ; to lead. Harmar. WALK, wawk. 84. n. s. Act of walking for air or exercise. Milton. Gait; step; manner of moving. Dryden. A length of space, or circuit through which one walks. Sfutk. An avenue set with trees. Sliak. Way; road; range; place of wandering. Sandys. Region ; space. Pope. A fish. Ains- worth. The slowest or least raised pace, or going of a horse. Farrier's Diet. WALKER, wawk'-ur. 98. n. s. [pealcepe, Sax.] One that walks. Swift. One who acts in any par- ticular manner. Bp. Compton, A fuller ; a walk- mill; a fulline-mill. [walcher, Dutch ; tcalcken, Teut.] Old Ballad of the Boi/ and tiie Mantle. WA'LKINGSTAFF, wawk'-ing-staff. n. s. A stick which a man holds to support him in walking, Glanville. WALL §, wall. 33,77, 84. n.s. [tool, Welsh; val- lum, Lat.; pall, Sax. ; walk, Dutch.] A series of brick or stone, or other materials carried upwards and cemented with mortar ; the side of a building. Wotton. Fortification ; works built for defence ; in this sense it is used plurally. Shak, — Totakethe -wall. To take the upper place ; not to give place. Shakspeare. To WALL, wall. v. a. To enclose with walls ; to surround as with a wall. Shak. To defend by walls. Spenser. To fill up with a wall. Lord Lyi- telton. WA'LLCREEPER, wall'-kreep-fir. n. s. A bird Ainsworth. WA'LLET, wol'-lit. 85, 99. n. s. [peallian, Sax.] A bag in which the necessaries of a traveller are put; a knapsack. Addison. Anything prolubei - ant and swagging. Shakspeare. WA'LLEYE, walV-i. n.s. [from icall and exje.] A disease in the crystalline humour of the eye ; the glaucoma. B. Jonson. W ALLE'YED, wall'-ide. a. [wall and eye.] Having white eves. Shakspeare. WA'LLFLOWER, wall'-ndu-ur. n. s. A species of stockgillvflower. WATLFRUIT, wall'-froot. n. s. Fruit, which to be ripened must be planted against a wall. MoHimer. WALL-LOUSE, wall'-lduse. n. s. An insect; a bug. Ainsworth. To WA'LLOP, woT-iup. 166. v. n. [pealan, Sax.] To boil. To WA'LLOW $, woF-16. 85. v. n. [walugan, Goth. ; palpian, Sax.] To move heavily and clumsily. Milton. To roll one's self in mire, or any thing filthy ; to roll upon any thing. St. Mark, xi. To live in any state of filth or gross vice. South. To WA'LLOW*, wol'-l6. v. a. To roll. Jer. vi. WA'LLOW, w&1'-16. 85. n. s. A kind of rolling walk. Dryden. WA'LLOWER*, woF-16-ur. n.s. One wl»o rolls himself in mire. Nevile. WA'LLOWISHf, w6V.l6.Ish. a. Filthy. Overburu W ALLRU'E, wall'-rSS. n. s. An herb. Ainsicorth W A'LLPEPPER t, wall'-pep-pfir. n. s. House leek. WA'LLWORT, walF-wurt. n.s. A plant, the same with dwarf-elder, or danewort. WA'LNUT, wlll'-nut. n. s. [palh hnuta, Sax.] A tree and fruit. Miller. 1007 WAN WAR \TT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mh ;— pine, pin i WA'LTRON, wall'-trun. 166. rc. 5. The sea-horse. Woodward. r« WA'MBLE, w&m'-bl. 405. w. n. [icemmelen, Dutch.] To roll with nausea and sickness : it is used of the stomach. Beaumont and Fletclier. WAN §, won. 85. a. [pan, Sax. ; gwan, Welsh, weakly.] Pale, as with sickness; languid look. afpenscr. 95= Mr. Sheridan has given tho a, in this word and its compounds, the same sound as in man. Mr. Scott and Dr. Kenrick have given both the sound I have given and Mr. Sheridan's, but seem to prefer the former by placing it first. I have always heard it pronounced like the first syllable of -wan-ton ; and find Mr. Nares, W. Johnston, and Mr. Perry, have so marked it. I have, indeed, heard wa7i, the old preterit of the verb to win, pronounced so as to rhyme with ran : but as this form of the verb is obsolete, the pronunciation is so too. — See Wasp. W. WAN, for won ; the old pret. of win. Spenser. WAND, wond. [w&nd, Sheridan, Jones, Pemj ; wand, Fulton and Knight.] n. s. \vaand, Dan. ;' wand, Su. Goth.] A small stick, or twig; a long rod. Shak. Any staff of authority, or use. Milton. A charming rod. Milton. TbWA'NDER^, won'-dur. 98. v.n. [panbpian, Sax. ; wandelen, Dutch.] To rove ; to ramble here and there; to go, without any certain course. Shak. To deviate ; to go astray. Ps. cxix. To WA'NDER, won'-dfir. v. a. To travel over, without a certain course. Milton. WA'NDERER, w6n/-d&r-ur. 555. n. s. Rover; ram- bler. B. Jonson. WA'NDERING, w6n / -dur-fng. 410. n.s. Uncertain peregrination. Addison. Abberration; mistaken way. Decay of Chr. Piety. Incertainty ; want of being fixed. Locke. WA'NDERINGLY*, won'-dur-fng-le. ad. In an un- certain, unsteady manner. Bp. Taylor. To WANE§, wane. v.n. [panian, Sax.] To grow less; to decrease: applied to the moon; opposed to wax. Hakewill. To decline; to sink. SJuik. To WANE*, wane. v. a. To cause to wane. B. Jonson. Ob. T. WA3NE, wane. n.s. Decrease of the moon. Bacon. Decline ; diminution ; declension. South. WANG, wang. n. s. [pang-toS', Sax.] Jaw teeth. Ainsworth. jjeeo-Spans 1 , Sax.] The latchet of a shoe ; a shoe-thong ; a shoe-wung. Kay. WA'NHOPE*, won / -h6pe. n. s. [pana, Sax. ; and hope.) Want of hope. Lib. Fest. Ob. T. WA'NNED, wond. 85, 359. a. Turned pale and faint-coloured. Sliakspeare. WA'NNESS, won'-nes. [See Wan.] n.s. Paleness; languor. WA'NNISH*, won'-nlsh. a. Of a pale or wan hue. Fairfax. To WANT§, w6nt. v. a. [the past participle of pa- nian, Sax.] To be without something fit or neces- sary. Eccl. vi. To be defective in something. Milton. To fall short of; not to contain. Milton. To be without ; not to have. Milton. To need ; to have need of; to lack. Holder. To wish ; to long ; lo desire. Addison. To WANT, w&nt. 85. v. n. To be wanted ; to be improperly absent; not to be in sufficient quantity. Milton. To fail ; to be deficient. Milton. To be missed ; to be not had. Dryden. WANT, w6nt. n.s. Need. Milton. Deficiency. Dryden. The stale of not having. Pope. Pover- ty; penury; indigence. Swift, [panb, Sax.] A mole. Heylin. WA'NTLESS*, wonf-les. a. Abundant; fruitful. Warner. WA'NTON§, w6n'-tun. 166. a. [faenta, Goth.; vaanden, Danish.] Lascivious ; libidinous ; lecher- ous ; lustful. Sliak. Licentious ; dissolute. Sliak. Froiicksome ; gay ; sportive ; airy. Shak. Loose ; unrestrained. Addison. Quick and irregular of motion. Milton. Luxuriant ; superfluous. Milton. Not regular ; turned fortuitously. Sliakspeare. WA'NTON, won'-tun. n.s. A lascivious person ; a strumpet j a whoremonger. Shak. A trifler; an insignificant flutlerer. Sliak. A word of slight en dearment. B. Jonson. To WA'NTON, won'-tun. v. n. To play Jascivi ously. Prior. To revel; to play. Otway. To move nimbly and irregularly. To WA'NTON*, won'-tun. v. a, To make wanton. Feltham. To WA'NTONIZE*, w&n'-tun-ize. v. n. To be have wantonly or dissolutely. Daniel. WA'NTONLY, w6n'-tun-le. ad. Lasciviously ; frol icksomely ; gayly ; sportively ; carelessly. Drayton WA'NTONNESS, w6n'-tan-nes. n. s. Lascivious- ness ; lechery. South. Sportiveness ; frolick ; hu mour. Shak. Licentiousness; negligence of re- straint. King Charles. WA'NTWIT, w&nt'-wlt. n. s. A fool ; an idiot Sliakspeare. WA'NTY, won'-te. n. s. A broad girth of leather, by which the load is bound upon the horse ; a stir cingle. Tusser. WA'PED t, wa'-ped. a. Dejected ; crushed by mis ery. Obsolete. WAPENTAKE, wa'-pen-take. n. s. [psepun, Sax , and te/can, Goth. ; wapentakium, low Lai.] Wapen- take is what we call a hundred : as, Upon a meet- ing for that purpose, they touched each others weapons, in token of their fidelity and allegiance. Cowel. WA'PPERED*, wop'-p&rd. a. Restless; fatigued Grose. WAR §, war. 85. n. s. [werre, old Dutch ; guerre, Fr.; wer, Germ, and A. Sax.] The exercise of vio- lence under sovereign command against with- standers. Raleigh. The instruments of war, in poetical language. Prior. Forces; army. Milton. The profession of arms. Wisdom, xxviii. Hostility; stale of opposition ; act of opposition. Sliakspeare. To WAR, war. v. n. To make war ; to be in a state of hostility. 2 Sam. xxii. To WAR. war. v. a. To make war upon. Daniel. To WA'RBLE §, war'-bl. 405. v. a. [werbler, old Fr.] To quaver any sound. Milton. To cause to quaver. Milton. To utter musically. Milton. To WARBLE, war'-bl. v. n. To be quavered. Gay . To be uttered melodiously. Sidney. To sing. Milton. WA'RBLE*, war'-bl. n. s. A song. Gray. WA'RBLER, war'-bl-ur. 98. n.s. A singer ; a song ster. Tickell. WARD. A syllable much used as an affix in com- position : as, heavenward, with tendency to heaven ; hitherward, this way : from peapb, Sax. : it notes tendency to or from. To WARD §, ward. v. a. [peapbian, Sax. ; waren, Dut.] To guard ; to watch. Spenser. To defend ; to protect. Shak. To fence off; to obstruct or turn aside any thing mischievous. Fairfax. To WARD, ward. v. n. To be vigilant ; to keep guard. To act upon the defensive with a weapon. Sidney. WARD, ward. 85. n. s. Watch ; act of guarding Spenser. Garrison ; those who are intrusted to keep a place. Spenser. Guard made by a weapon in fencing. Shak. Fortress ; strong hold. Shak. [icarda, law Lat.] District of a town. Dryden. Custody ; confinement. Hooker. The part of a lock, which, corresponding to the proper key, hinders any other from opening it. Milton. One in the hands of a guardian. Drummond. The slate of a child under a guardian. Shak. Guardian- ship; right over orphans. Spenser. WA'RDEN, war'-dn. 103. n. s. [ivaerden, Dutch.] A keeper; a guardian. A head officer. Garth. — Warden of the cinque ports. A magistrate that has the jurisdiction of those havens in the east part of England, commonly called the cinque ports, or five havens, who has there all that jurisdiction which the admiral of England has in places noi exempt. Cowel. A large pear. May. WA'RDENSHIP*, war'-dn-ship. n. s. Office of a warden or guardian. Warton. WA'RDER, ward'-ur. 98. n. s. A keeper ; a guard, 1008 WAR WAS -nd, -nove, n$r, n6t; — tube, tub, bull; — 6)1; — pSundj — tin in, THIS. Spenser. A truncheon by which an officer of arms forbade fight. Shakspeare. WARDMOTE, ward'-mite. n. s. [peapb and mot, or gemote, Sax.; wardemolus, low Lat.] A meeting- ; a court held in each ward or district in London for the direction of their affairs. WARDROBE, ward'-rc-be. n. s. [garderobe, Fr.] A room where clothes are kept. Spenser. WARDSHIP, wird'-shlp. n. s. Guardianship. Ba con. Pupilage ; state of being under ward. King Charles. WARE, ware. The preterit of wear, more frequent icore. St. Luke, viii. WARE §, ware. a. [we commonly say aware.'] Be- ing in expectation of; being provided against. St, Malt. xxiv. Cautious ; wary. Spenser. To WARE ; ware. v. n. To take heed of; to beware. Dnyden, WARE §, ware. n. s. [papm, Sax.; icaere, Dutch; tcara, Swed.] Commonly something to be sold. Nehem. x. WA'REFUL, ware'-ful. a. Cautious; timorously prudent. WAKEFULNESS, ware'-ful-nSs. n. s. Cautious- ness. Sidney. WAREHOUSE, ware'-hMse. n. s. A storehouse of merchandise. Locke. WA'RELESS, ware'-les. a. Uncautious; unwary. Spenser. Suffered unawares, or contrary to ex- pectation. Spenser. WARELY, ware'-le. ad. Warily; cautiously; tim- orously. Spenser. WA'RFARE, war' -fare. n.s. Military service; mil- itary life ; state of contest and solicitude. Milton. To WA'RFARE, war'-fare. v.n. To lead a military life. Camden. WARHABLE, war'-ha-bl a. [war, and habile, from habilis, Lat.] Military; fit for war. Spenser. WARILY, wa'-re-le. ad. Cautiously ; with timor- ous prudence ; with wise forethought. Spenser. WA'RINESS, wa'-re-nes. n. s. Caution ; prudent forethought; timorous scrupulousness. Donne. WARK, wark. n. s. [anciently used for work; whence bulwark.'] Building. Svenser. WARLIKE, wartlike, a. [tear and like.] Fit for war; disposed to war. Sidney. Military; re- lating to war. Milton. WARLIKENESS*, war'-llke-ngs. n. s. Warlike disposition or character. Sir E. Sandys. WA'RLING, war'-llng. n. s. [from wear or weary.] One often quarrelled with. Camden. WARLOCK, > */,^ $ n.s. [vardlookr, Icel.; WA'RLUCK, \ I peploS, Sax.] A male witch ; a wizard. Dryden. WARM§, warm. 85. a. [warm, Goth. ; peapm. Sax. ; warm, Dutch.] Not cold, though not hot ; heated to a small degree. 2 Kings, iv. Zealous ; ardent. Pope. Habitually passionate; ardent; keen. Vio- lent; furious; vehement. Dryden. Busy in action; heated with action. Dryden. Fanciful ; enthusias- tick. Locke. Vigorous; sprightly. Pope. To WARM, warm. v. a. To free from cold ; to heat in a gentle degree. Lsa. xliv. To heat mentally ; to make vehement. Dryden. To WARM, warm. v. n. To grow less cold. Isaiah, xlvii. WA RMFNGPAN, war'-ming-pan. n. s. A covered brass pan for warming a bed by means of hot coals. Ld. Chesterfield. WA'RMIiNGSTONE, war'-mmg-stine. n. s. A stone dug in Cornwall, which, being well heated at the fire, retains warmth a great while, and has been found to give ease in the internal hemorrhoids. WARMLY, warm'-le. ad. With gentle heat. Mil- ton. Eagerly; ardently. Prior. WAR'MNESS, warm'-nes. ) n. s. Gentle heat. Ba- WARMTH, warmth. ) con. Zeal ; passion ; fervour of mind. Sliak. Fancifulness ; enthusiasm. lemple. To WARN §, warn. 85 v. a. [peapnian, Sax.; waernen, DulcL ; v:xrna, Swed. ; varna, Icel.] To caution against any fault or danger; to give pre- vious notice of ill. South. To admonish of any duty to be performed, or practice or place to be avoided or forsaken. Acts, x. To inform previ- ously of good or bad. Shak. To keep off; toward off. Spenser. WA'RINER*, war'-nfir. n. s. An admonisher. Huloet. WA'RNING, warn'-mg. 410. n.s. Caution against faults or dangers ; previous notice of ill. Psalms. Previous notice : in a sense indifferent. Whole Duty of Man. WARP§, warp. 85. n. s. [peapp, Sax. ; werp, Dut.] That order of thread in a thihg woven that crosses the woof. Bacon. To WARP, warp. v.n. [peoppan, Sax.; werpen, Dutch.] To change from the true situation by in testine motion ; to change the position of one part to another. Shak. To lose its proper course or di rection. Sliak. To work itself forward. Milton. To WARP, warp. v. a. To contract ; to shrivel. To turn aside from the true direction. Dryden. It is used by Shakspeare to express the effect" of frost WA'RPING*, warp'-fng. n. s. Act of turning aside from the true direction. Bp. Taylor. WARPRO'OF*, war'-proOf. n. s. Valour known by proof. Shakspeare. To WARRANT §, wor'-rant. v. n. [garantir, Fr. ; from the Sax. papian.] To support or maintain ; to attest. Sidney. To give authority. Shak. To justify. Scidh. To exempt ; to privilege ; to secure. To declare upon surety. Dryden. WA'RRANT, wor'-rant. 168. n. s. A writ conferring some right or authority. Shak. A writ giving the officer of justice the power of caption. Dryden. A secure, inviolable grant. Hooker. A justificatory commission. Hooker. Attestation. Raleigh. Right; legality. Shakspeare. WARRANTABLE, wor'-rant-a-bl. a. Justifiable ; defensible. Brown. WARRANTABLENESS, wdr'-rant-a-bl-nes.rc.s Justifiableness. Barrow. WARRAiNTABLY, wor'-rant-a-ble, ad. Justifia- bly. Wake. WARRANTER, w6r'-rant-ur. n.s. One who gives authority. One who gives security. WA'RRANTISE, wor'-ran-llze. n.s. [warrantiso, law Lat.] Authorit}' ; security. Shakspeare. WA'RRANTY, w&V-rant-e. n. s. [wairantia, law Lat.] [In the common law.] A promise made in a deed by one man unto another, for himself and his heirs, to secure him and his heirs against all men, for the enjoying of any thing agreed on between them. Cowel. Authority; justificatory mandate. Shakspeare. Security. Locke. To WA'RRAY, wor'-ra. v. a. [from war.] To make war upon. Spenser. Ob. J. WARRE, w&r. a. [paepp., Sax.] Worse. Spenser. WA'RREN §, wor'-rfn. 99. n. s. [waerande, Dutch ; guerenne, Fr.] A kind of park for rabbits. Shak. WARRENER, w6r'-rln-ur. 98. n. s. The keeper of a warren. Shakspeare. WA'RRIANGLE, or Wariangle, w&r'-re-ang-gl. n.s. A hawk. Ainsworth. WA'RRIOUR, wlr'-yur. 314. n. s. [from war.] A soldier; a military man. Shakspeare. WA'RRIOURESS*, war'-yur-es. n.s. A female warriour. Spenser. WART§, wart. 85. n.s. [peajifc, Sax.; werte, Dut] A corneous excrescence ; a small protuberance on the flesh. Bacon. A protuberance of trees. Ray. WARTWORT, wart'-wurt. n.s. Spurge. Ains- worth. WA'RTY, war'-te. a. Grown over with warts. WARWORN, war'-wdrn. a. Worn with war. Shakspeare, WA'RY, vva'-re. a. [peep., Sax.] Cautious; scrupu- lous ; timorously prudent. Hooker. WAS, woz. The preterit of To be. Gen, v. To WASH §, wosh. 85. v. a. [papcan, Sax. ; wass chen, Dutch.] To cleanse by ablution. PsalmYi. To moisten ; to wet : as, The rain washes the flow ers; the sea washes many islands. To affect by 1009 WAS WAT (CT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— ablution, .dcfcs, xxii. To colour by washing. Col- lier. To WASH, wosh. v. n. To perform the act of ablu- tion. 2 Kings, v. To cleanse clothes. Shakspeare. WASH, wosh. 85. n.s. Alluvion} any thing collected by water. Mortimer. A bog 3 a marsh; a fen ; a 2uagmire. Shak. A medical or cosmetick lotion. iacon. A superficial stain or colour. Collier. The feed of hogs gathered from washed dishes. Shak. The act of washing the clothes of a family ; the linen washed at once. WASH*, wosh. a. Washy ; weak. Beaumont and Fletcher. WA'SHBALL, w6sh/-ball. n. s. Ball made of soap. Swift. WASHER, wosh'-ur. 93. n. s. One that washes. Shakspeare. WASHPOT, w6sh / -pot. n. s. A vessel in which any thing is washed. Cowley. WA'SHY, wosh'-e. a. Watery ; damp. Milton. Weak ; not solid. Wotton. WASP §, wosp. 85. n. s. [peaj*p, Sax. ; vespa, Lat.] A brisk stinging insect, in form resembling a bee. Shakspeare. §£r* Mr. Sheridan has pronounced this word so as to rhyme with hasp, clasp, &c. This sound is so perfect- ly new to me, that I should have supposed it to have been an errour of the press, if Mr. Scott and Dr. Ken- rick had not marked it in the same manner: Mr. Smith and Mr. Perry approach somewhat nearer to the true sound of a, by giving it the same sound as in father ; but Mr. Nares and W. Johnston give it the sound cf short 0, like the a in was, wash, &c; and that this is the true sound, see Principles, No. 85. TV. WASPISH, wosp'-lsh. a. Peevish, malignant; irri- table ; irascible. Shakspeare. WASPISHLY^&sp'-fsh-le. ad. Peevishly. WASPISHNESS, w6sp'-?sh-nes. n.s. Peevishness irritability. Cleaveland. WASSAIL §, w6s'-sil. 208. n. s. [paep heel, Sax.] A liquor made of apples, sugar, and ale, anciently much used by English goodfellows. Fleldter. A drunken bout. Sha/c. A merry song. Ainsworth. To WASSAIL*, wos'-sfl. v. n. To attend at was- sails ; to frolick ; to tope. Milton. WASSAILER, w&s'-sft-ur. n. s. A toper; a drunk- ard. Milton. WAST, w6st. The second person of was, from To be. To WASTE v , waste. 74. v. a. [apej-fcan, Sax. ; icoesten, Dutch.] To diminish. Shak. To destroy wantonly and luxuriously; to squander. Hooker. To destroy; to desolate. Daniel. To wear out. Milton. To spend ; to consume. Milton. To WASTE, waste, v. n. To dwindle ; to be in a state of consumption. Job,xiv. WASTE, waste, a. Destroyed 5 ruined. Milton. Desolate; uncultivated. Abbot. Superfluous; ex- uberant; lost for want of occupiers. Milton. Worth- less ; that of which none but vile uses can be made : as, viasle wood. That of which no account is taken, or value found. Dryden. WASTE, waste, n. s. Wanton or luxurious destruc- tion ; the act of squandering. Milton. Consump- tion ; loss. Hooker. Useless expense. Dryden. Desolate or uncultivated ground. Pope. Ground, place, or space unoccupied. Spenser. Region ru- ined and deserted. Dryden. Mischief; destruc- tion. Shak. [A law term.] Destruction of wood or other products of land. Shadwell. WASTEFUL, waste'-ful. a. Destructive ; ruinous. Milton. Wantonly or dissolutely consumptive. Bacon. Lavish ; prodigal ; luxuriantly liberal. Addison. Desolate ; uncultivated ; unoccupied. Spenser. WA STEFULLY, waste'-ful-e. ad. With vain and dissolute consumotion. Hooker. WASTEFULNESS, waste'-f&l-nes ?i. s. Prodi- Wjality. ASTEL*, w&s'-tel. n t. {wastellus, low Lat.] A particular sort of bread ; fine bread ; a cake. Lowth. Ob. T. WASTENESS, waste'-nSs. n.s. Desolation ; soli- t'ide. Zeph. i. WASTER, wast'-fir. 98. n. s. One that consumes dissolutely and extravagantly ; a squanderer ; vain consumer. Locke. A kind of cudgel. Beaumont and Fletcher. WASTETHRIFT*, waste'-tfirfft. n. s . A spend- thrift. Beaumont and Fletcher. WASTREL, n. s. That which lies in enclosed grounds or in commons. Carew. WATCH y , wotsh. 85. n. s. [psecce, Sax.] Forbear- ance of sleep. Attendance without sleep. Addison. Attention ; close observation. Shak. Guard ; vigi- lant keep. Spenser. Watchman; men set to guard. Speiiser. Place where a guard is set. Shak. Post or office of a watchman. Shak. A period of the night. Milton. A pocket clock; a small clock mov- ed by a spring. Hale. To WATCH, w&tsh. v. n. [pacian, Sax.] Not to sleep ; to wake. Ecclus. xxxi. To keep guard. Jer. xliv. To look with expectation. Psalm cxxx. To be attentive ; to be vigilant. 2 Tim. iv. To be cautiously observant. Bp. Taylm: To be insidi- ously attentive. Milton. To WATCH, wStsh. v. a. To guard; to have in keep. Milton. To observe in ambush. 1 Sam. xix. To tend. Broome. To observe in order to detect or prevent. WA'TCHER, wotsh'-fir. 98. n.s. One who sits up ; one who does not go to sleep. Shak. Diligent overlooker or observer. Shakspeare. WA'TCHET, wdtsh'-It. 99. a. [peeceb, Sax.] Blue. pale blue. Milton. WATCHFUL, w&tsh'-ff&l. a. Vigilant; attentive, cautious; nicely observant. Rev. lii. WATCHFULLY, w6tsh'-ful-e. ad. Vigilantly; cau- tiously ; attentively ; with cautious observation ; needfully. Boyle. WA'TCHFULNESS, wdtsh'-ful-nes. n. s. Vigilance: heed; suspicious attention ; cautious regard ; dili gent observation. Hammond. Inability to sleep. Arbuthnot. WA TCHHOUSE, wotsh'-h6use. n. s. Place where the watch is set. Gay. WA'TCHING, w&tsh'-lng. 410. n.s. Inability to sleep. Wiseman. WA'TCHLIGHT*, w&tsh'-llte. n. s. A candle with a rush wick to burn in the night. Addison. WA'TCHMAKER, wotsh' -ma-kfir. n. s. One whose trade is to make watches, or pocket-clocks. Moxon. WA'TCHMAN, wotsh'-man. 88. n.s. Guard; sen- tinel ; one set to keep ward. Spenser. WA'TCHTOWER, w6tsh'-t6ur. n. s. Tower on which a sentinel was placed for the sake of pros- 3ect. Bacon. ATCHWORD, wotsh'-w&rd. n. s. The word given to the sentinels to know their friends. Spen- ser. WA'TER y , wa'-tfir. 38, 85, 76, 86. n. s. [waeter, Dutch ; psefceji, Sax.] Sir Isaac Newton defines water, when pure, to be a very fluid salt, volatile, and void of all savour or taste ; and it seems to consist of small, smooth, hard, porous, spherical particles, of equal diameters, and of equal specifick gravities. Quincy. The sea. Common Prayer. Urine. Shak. — To hold water. To be sound ; to be tight : from a vessel that will not leak. L'Estr. — It is used for the lustre of a diamond. Shak. Water is much used in composition for things made with water, being in water, or growing in water; as, ivater- spaniel, water-flood, water-courses, &c. To WA'TER, wa'-tur. 64. v. a. To irrigate; to sup- ply with moisture. Gen. ii. To supply with water for drink. St. Luke, xiii. To fertilize or aeeommo • date with streams. Addison. To diversify as with waves. Locke. To WA'TER, wa'-tur. 98. v. n. To shed moistire Shak. To get or take in water ; to be used in sup plying water. Gen. xxx.— The mouth waters. The man longs ; there is a vehement desire. Camden. WA'TERCOLOURS, wa'-tur-kul-firz. n.s. Colours made into a soft consistence with water. Boyle. WA'TERCRESSES, wa'-tur-kres-siz. 99. n. s. A plant. Miller. 1010 vft WAT WAY — n6, move, ndr, not ; — tube, rub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pSund ',—thm, THis. WA'TERER, wa'-tur-ur. 555. n. s. One who waters. Carew. WATERFALL, wa'-tur-fall. n. s. Cataract 5 cas- cade. Raleigh. WA'TERFLAG, wa'-tfir-flag. n. s. Water flower- de-luce. WA'TERFOWL, wa'-tur-foul. n. s. Fowl that live, or get their food in water. Bacon. WA'TERGALL*, wa'-tur-gall. n. s. [tvater and gall.] Some appearance attendant on the rainbow. Steevens. A cavity made in the earth by a rapid descent of water. Bagshaw. WATERGRU'EL, wa-tur-groS'-n*. n. s. [water and gruel.] Food made with oatmeal boiled in water. Locke. WA'TERHEN, wa'-tfir-hen. ?i.s. A coot ; a water- fowl. WA'TERINESS, wa'-tur-e-ngs. n. s. Humidity 5 moisture. Arbuthnot. WA'TERING-PLACE* wa'-tur-?ng-plase. n. s. A town, village, or other place, usually on the sea- coast, noted, at certain seasons, for a numerous re- sort of persons to it : a modern cant term. Graves. WA'TERISH, wa'-tur-fsh. a. Resembling water. Di-yden. Moist ; boggy. Hale. WA'TERISHNESS, wa'-tfir-fsh-nes. n. s. Thin- ness: resemblance of water. Floyer. WA'TERLEAF, wa'-tur-lefe. n. s. A plant. Miller. WA'TERLILY, wa'-tur-lil'-le. n.s. A plant. Miller. WA'TERLOGGED*, wa'-tur-Iogd. a. Applied to a ship, when by leaking she has received a great deal of water into her hold, and is become so inac- tive upon the sea, as to yield without resistance to the effort of every wave rushing over her deck. Chambers. WATERMAN, wa'-tur-man. 88. n.s. A ferryman; a boatman. Dryden. WA TERMARK, wa'-tur-m&rk. n. s. The utmost limit of the rise of the flood. Dryden. WATERMELON, wa'-lur-meT-un. n. s. A plant. Miller. v WA'TERMILL, wa'-tur-mul n. s. Mill turned by water. Spenser. WA'TERMINT, wa'-tur-mlnt. n. s. A plant. Bacon. WATER-ORDEAL t, wa-tur-dr'-de-al. n. s. An old mode of trial by water. Mason. $$= Water-ordeal was performed either by plunging the bare arm up to the elbows in boiling water, and escap- ing unhurt thereby, or by casting the suspected person into a river or pond ; and if he floated therein without swimming, it was deemed an evidence of his guilt. TV. WATERRA'DISH, wa'-tur-rad-lsh. n. s. A species of wfUer-cresses. WA'TERRAT, wa'-tur-rat. n. s. A rat that makes holes in banks. Shakspeare. WA'TERROCKET, wa'-tfir-^k-Jt. n.s. A species of water-cresses. A kind of firework to be dis- charged in water. WATERSATPHIRE, wa'-tur-saf-ffr. n. s. The occidental sapphire, neither of so bright a blue, nor so hard as the oriental. Woodward. WATERTIGHT*, wa'-tur-tlte. a. [water and tight.] That will not admit water. Bp. Hall. WATERVIOLET, wa'-tur-vl-6-l§t. n.s. A plant Miller. v WA'TERWILLOW, wa'-tur-w?l-l6. n. s. A plant. Ainswerth. WA'TERWITH, wa'-tur-wM. n. s. A plant. Der- ham. WA'TERWORK, wa'-tSr-wfirk. n.s. Play of foun- tains; artificial spouts of water 5 any hydrauhck performance. Wilkins. WATERY, wa'-tur-e. a. Thin; liquid; like water. Bacon. Tasteless ; insipid ; vapid ; spiritless. Phil- lips. Wet; abounding with water. Prior. Relat- ing to the water. Dryden. Consisting of water. Sliakspeare. WA'TTLE, w6t'-tl. 405. n.s. [waghelen, Germ.] The barbs, or loose red flesh that hangs below the cock's bill. Walton. A hurdle. Ainsworth. To WA'TTLE, wdt'-tl. v. a. [pafcelar-, Sax.] To bind with twigs ; to form by platting twigs one within another. Milton. WAVE§, wave. n. s. [psege, Sax. ; waegh, Dutch % vague, Fr.] Water raised above the level of the surface ; billow ; water driven into inequalities Wotton. Unevenness ; inequality. Newton. To WAVE, wave. v. n. [papian, Sax.] To play loose!}' ; to float. Dryden. To be moved as a sig- nal. B.Jonson. To be in an unsettled state; to fluctuate ; to waver. Hooker. To WAVE, wave. v. a. To raise into inequalities of surface. Shak. To move loosely. Milton.. To waft ; to remove any thing floating. Broicn. To beckon ; to direct by a waft or motion of any thing. Shak. [gu?si:er, Fr.] To put off; to quit ; to depart from. Wotton. To put aside for the present. Dry- den WA'VELESS*, wave'-les. a. Smooth ; without waves. Peele. To WA'VER, wa'-vur. 98. v. n. [papian, Sax.] To play to and fro ; to move loosely. Boyle. To be unsettled; to be uncertain, or inconstant; to fluctu- ate ; not to be determined. Spenser. To totter; to be in danger of falling. Holyday. WA'VER*, wa'-vur. n. s. A young slender tree. Evelyn. WA'VERER, wa'-vur-fir. n. s. One unsettled and irresolute. Shakspeare. WA'VERINGNESS* wa'-vur-lng-nes. n. s. State or quality of being wavering. W. Mountague. WA'VING*, wa/-ving. n.s. Act of moving or play- ing loosely. Addison. WA'VY, wa y -ve. a. Rising in waves. Chapman. Playing to and fro, as in undulations. Phillips. Winding. Maundrell. WAWES, or WAES, waws. n. s. Waves. Spenser. To WAWL §, wawl. t\ n. [vaele, Icel., if not formed from the sound.] To cry; to howl. Shakspeare. WAX §, waks. n. s. [paexe, Sax. ; wax, Dan. ; wacks, Dutch.] The thick, tenacious matter gathered by the bee, and formed into cells for the reception of the honey. Arbuthnot. Any tenacious mass, such as is used to fasten letters. More. A kind of con- cretion in the flesh. Wiseman. $3= The a in this word being followed by x, which is no more than ks, the preceding w loses its deepening pow- er, and the word comes under the rule in the Princi- ples, No. 85. TV. To WAX, waks. v. a. To smear; to join with wax Dryden. To WAX, waks. v.n. pret. wax, waxed; part. pass. waxed, waxen, [peaxan, Sax. ; wachsen, Germ.] To grow ; to increase ; to become bigger, or more. Used of the moon, in opposition to wane, and figu- ratively of things which grow by turns bigger and less. Hakewill. To pass into any state; to oecome: to grow. Hooker. WA'XCHANDLER, waks'-tshlnd-lur. n.s. A ma ker of wax candles. WA'XEN, wak'-sm 103. a. Made of wax. Milton. WA'XWORK*, waks'-w&rk. n. s. Figures formed of wax in imitation of the substances which they represent. Addison. WA'XY*, wak'-se. a. Soft, like wax ; yielding. Bp. Hall WAY§, wa. 220. n. s. [pse£, Sax. 5 weigh, Dutch.] The road in which one travels. Shak. lload made for passengers. Shak. A length of space. Brown. Course ; direction of motion ; focal tendency. Shak. Advance in life. Spectator. Passage, power of progression made or given. Shak. Vacancy made by timorous or respectful recession. Locke. Course ; regular progression. Dryden. Course or progress considered as obstructed or hindered : as, casting thoughts in our way. Duppa. Tendency to any meaning, or act : as, There is nothing in the words that sound that way. Atterbury. Access; means of admittance : as, having made my way. Raleigh. Sphere of observation : as, the officers that fell in my way. Temple. Means; mediate instrument \ intermediate step. Dryden. Method; scheme of 1011 WEA WEA Dj 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— management : as, He durst not take open way against them. Sidney. Private determination ; particular will or humour : as, He loved his own way. Bacon. Manner; mode : as, God hath many ways spoken to men. Hooker. Method; manner of practice. Sidney. Method or plan of life, con- duct, or action: as, had they been instructed in the right way. Addison. Process of things, good or ill : as, a prosperous way. Heijlin. Right method to act or know : as, Inquire after the right way. Locke. General scheme of acting: as, Men go out of the way to hint free things. Richardson. —By the way. Without any necessary connexion with the main design ; en passant : as, note, by tlie way. Bacon. To go or come one's way, or ways ; to come along, or depart. Shak. Way and ways are now often used corruptly for wise. Numb. xxx. WA'YBREAD, wa'-bred. n. s. A plant. Cowky. WAYFARER, wa'-fa-r&r. 98. n. s. [way, and fare, to go.] Passenger ; traveller. Carew. WA YFARING, wa'-fa-rfng. 410. a. Travelling ; W^ assing jj^eing on a journey. Hammond. AYFARINGTREE^a'-fa-rlng-tre. n.*. A plant. Miller. To WA'YLAY, wa-la'. v. a. [way and lay.] To watch insidiously in the way; to beset by ambush. Shakspeare. WA YLAYER, wa-la'-ur. 98. n. s. One who waits in ambush for another. WA'YLESS, wa'-les.a. Pathless; untracked. Dray- ton, WA'YMAKER*, vva'-ma-kur. n.s. One who causes way to be made for another ; a precursor. Bacon. WA'YMARK, wa'-mark. n.s. Mark to guide in travelling. Jer. xxxi. To WAYME'NT, wa-ment'. v. a. [pa, Sax.] To lament, or grieve. Spenser. Ob. J. WA'YWARD§,wi'-wfird. 88. a. [pa, woe, and peapb, Sax.] Froward; peevish; morose; vexa- tious ; liking his own way. Sidney. WA'YWARDLY, wa'-wurd-le. ad. Frowardly; perversely. Sidney. WAYWARDNESS, wa'-wurd-nes. n. s. Froward- ness ; perverseness. Sidney. WE, wee. 96, 246. pronoun. In oblique cases, us. The plural of I. Shak. I and others, indefinitely. Pope. Improperly and ungrammatically for the oblique case, us. Shakspeare. WEAK§, weke. 227. a. [peec, Sax.; week, Dutch : from the Su. Goth. wika,~\ Feeble ; not strong. 2 Sam, xvu. Infirm ; not healthy. S/iak. Soft; pli- ant; not stiff. Low of sound. Ascham. Feeble of mind ; wanting spirit ; wanting discernment. Hook- er. Not much impregnated with any ingredient : as, a weak tincture, iceak beer. Not powerful; not potent. South. Not well supported by argument. Hooker. Unfortified. Addison. To WEAK*, weke. v. a. To render weak. More. Ob.T. To WEAK*, weke. v. n. To become weak. Chau- cer. Ob. T. To WEA'KEN, w&'-kn. 103. v. a. To debilitate ; to enfeeble ; to deprive of strength. Neh. vi. WEA'KENER*, we'-kn-tir. n.s. That which makes weak ; that which lessens the effects. South. WEA'KLING, wekeMlng. 410. n. s. A feeble crea- ture. Shakspeare. WEA'KLY, wekeMe. ad. Feebly ; faintly ; without strength. With want of efficacy. Bacon. Indis- creetly ; injudiciously ; timorously ; with feebleness of mind. Milton. WEA'KLY, wekeMe. a. Not strong; not healthy. Raleigh. WEAKNESS, weke'-nes. n.s. Want of strength; want of force ; feebleness. Milton. Want of sprightliness. Pope. Want of steadiness. Rogers. Infirmity ; unhealthiness. Temple. Want of co- gency. TUlotson. Want of judgement ; waut of resolution ; foolishness of mind. Milton. Defect ; failing. Bacon. WEAKSFDE, weke-slde'. n. s. Foible ; deficience ; hifirmity. Temple. WEAL, wele. 227. n. s. [pelan, Sax.; wealust, Dutch.] Happiness; prosperity; flourishing state. Bacon. Republick; state ; publick interest. Shak To WEAL §*, w£)e. ) v. a. [palan, Sax.] To mark To WALE §* wale. \ with stripes or lashes. Bp. Hall. F WEAL, wele. n.s. The mark of a stripe. Donne. WEAL-aicay. interj. Alas ! See Welaway. Ob. J. WEALD, welde. "") n. s. Whether singly or jointly, WALD, wald. > signifies a wood or grove, from WALT, wait. > the Sax. pealb. Gibson. WEA'LSMAN*. weelz'-man. n. s. A sneering word for politician. Shakspeare. WEALTH $, weM. 234, 515. n. s. [paleS, Sax.] Prosperity; external happiness. Litany. Riches; money, or precious goods. Spenser. WEALTHILY, weW-e-le. ad. Richly. Shakspeare. W'EA'LTHINESS, weW-e-ngs. n. s. Richness. WEALTHY, weM'-e. a. Rich ; opulent ; abundant. Spenser. To WEAN §, wene. 227. v. a. [penan, Sax.] To put from the breast; to ablactate. Ps. cxxxi. To with- draw from any habit or desire. Spenser. WEA'NEL, we'-nel. )n. s. An animal WEANLING, wene'-lfng. 410. $ newly weaned. Spenser. A child newly weaned. WEAPON $,wep'-pn. 234. n . s . [pgepun, Sax.] In- strument of offence ; something with which one is armed to hurt another. Spenser. ^CT This word is not unfrequently pronounced with the ea long, as in heap, reap ; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Perry, pronounce it with the diphthong short ; Mr. Barclay gives it both ways, and the long sound first; but W. Johnston marks it with the short sound only. W. WE ATONED, wep'-pnd. 359. a. Armed for offence ; furnished with arms. Sidney. WEAPONLESS, wep'-pn-les. a. Having no weap- on ; unarmed. Gower. WEATONSALVE, wep'-pn-salv. n. s. A salve which was supposed to cure the wound, being ap- plied to the weapon that made it. Boyle. To WEAR §, ware. 240. v. a. preterit wore ; partici- ple worn, [pejian, Sax.] To waste with use or time, or instruments ; to impair or lessen by gradu- al diminution. Shak. To consume tediously. Shak. To carry appendant to the body. Shak. To ex- hibit in appearance. Dryden. To affect by de- grees. Locke. — To wear out. To harass. Dan. vii. To wear out. To waste or destroy by degrees. Dryden. To WEAR Ship*, v. [wieren, Dutch.] A nautical term : to bring the ship round. To WEAR, ware. v. n. To be wasted with use or time. Exod. xviii. To be tediously spent. Milton. To pass away by degrees. Locke. WEAR, ware. n. s. The act of wearing ; the thing worn. Hudibras. [paep, Sax. ; war, Germ.] Adam to shut up and raise the water ; often written weir or wier. Walton. A net of twigs to catch fish. WEARD. n. s. Weard, whether initial or final, signi- fies watchfulness or care, from the Saxon peajiban, to ward or keep. Gibson. WEA'RER, wa'-rur. 98. n. s. One who has any thing appendant to his person. Dryden. That which wastes or diminishes. Law. W r EA y RINESS, we'-re-nes. n.s. Lassitude ; state of being spent with labour. South. Fatigue ; cause of lassitude. Clarendon. Impatience of any thing. Tecliousness. WEA'RING, wa'-ring. 410. n. s. Clothes. Shak. WEA'RISH, wa'-rlsh. a. [peep., Sax.] Boggy ; wa< tery ; washy. Burton. WEARISOME, we'-re-sum. 165. a. Troublesome ; tedious ; causing weariness. Hooker. W r EARISOMECY, we'-re-sum-le. ad. Tediously ; so as to cause weariness. Raleigh, WEARISOMENESS, we'-re-sum-nes. n. s. The quality of tiring. The state of being easily tired. Ascham, WEA'RY§, we'-re. 227. a. [pejuS, Sax. ; waeren, Dutch.] Subdued by fatigue; tired with labour. 1012 WED WEF — nd, mOve, n5r, not; — tube, tub, bull; — di'l ; — pound; — tlnn, THis. ?;-. Impatient of llie continuance of any thing- painful or irksome. Clarendon. Desirous to discontinue. Shakspeare. Causing- weariness; tire- some. Spenser. To WEA'RY, we '-re. v. a. To tire ; to fatigue ; to harass ; to subdue by labour. Hub. ii. To make impatient of continuance. Shakspeare. To subdue or harass by any tiling irksome. Milton. WEA'SAND, we -zn. 227. n. s. See Wesand. WEA'SEL, we'-zl. 102, 227. n. s. [pe r el, Sax. ; wesel, Dutch.] A small animal that eats corn and kills mice. Sliukspeare. WEA'THER^, weTH'-ur. 234. n. s. [ V ebeji, Sax.] State of the air respecting either cold or heat, wet or dryness. Sluxkspeare. The change of the stale of the air. Bacon. Tempest; storm. Dry den. To WEA'THER, weTH'-ur. v. a. To expose to the air. Spenser. To pass with difficulty. Garth. — To weather a point. To gain a point against the wind ; to accomplish against opposition. Addison To weather out. To endure. Addison. WEA'THERBEATEN, wexH'-ur-be-tn. a. Harass- ed and seasoned b}' hard weather. Sidney. WEA'THERBOARD, weTH'-fir-bord. ) n. s. Tin WEA'THERBOW, weiH'-ur-bou. \ the sea language.] That side of a ship that is to the wind- ward. Diet. WEA'THERCOCK, weTH / -fir-k6k. n.s. An artifi- cial cock set on the top of a spire, which, by turn- ing, shows the point from which the wind blows Sidney. Any thing fickle and inconstant. Shak. WEA'THERDRIVEN, weTH'-ur-drlv-vn. part Forced by storms or contrary winds. Carew. To WEA'THER-FEND*, weTH y -ur-fend. v. a, [from weather and dejend.] To shelter. WEA'THERGAGE, weTH'-ur-gadje. n.s. [weatlier and gage.] Any thing that shows the weather. Hudibras. [The advantage of the wind ; the state of being to windward of another ship. Perry. ,] WEATHERGLASS, wem'-fir-glas. n. s. A ba- rometer ; a glass that shows the weight of the air. Arbuthnot. A thermometer. Dry den. WEA'THERPROOF*, weTH'-ur-prOof. a. Proof against rough weather. Quarks. WEA'THER'SPY, weTH'-ur-spi. n. s. [weather and spy.~\ A star-gazer ; an astrologer ; one that fore- tells the weather. Donne. WEA'THERWISE, weTH'-ur-wlze. a. [weather and wise.'] Skilful in foretelling the weather. WE A'THERWISER, weTH'-ur-wl-zur. n.s. [iceath- er, and wisen, Dutch.] Any thing that foreshows the weather. Sprat. To WEAVE §, weve. v. a. pret. wove, weaved ; part, pass, woven, iceaved. [pepan, Sax. ; voecea, Dutch ; giver, Welsh ; waefwa, Su. Goth.] To form by tex^ ture ; to form by inserting one part of the material within another. 2 Kings, xxiii. To unite by inter- mixture. Addison. To interpose ; to insert. Shak. To WEAVE, weve. 2?J.r.n. To work with a loom. WEA'VER, we'-vur. 98. n. s. One who makes threads into cloth. Job, vii. WEA'VER. we'-vur. n. s. A fish. Drayton. WEB §, w§b. n. s. [pebba, Sax.] Texture ; any thing woven. Spenser. Some part of a sword, probably the blade. Fairfax. A kind of dusky film that hinders the sight; suffusion. Shakspeare. WE'BBED, webd. 359. a. Joined by a film. Der- 1mm. WE'BFOOTED, web'-ffit-ed. a. Palmipede; hav- ing films between the toes. Ray. WE'BSTER, web'-stur. n. s. [pebyfcne, Sax.] A weaver. The old word is webber. Camden. To WED §, wgd. v. a. [pebbian, Sax. ; withan, M. Goth.] To marry ; to take for husband or wife. Milton. To join in marriage. Shak. To unite for ever. Shak. To take for ever. Clarendon. To unite by love or fondness. Tillotson. To WED. wed. v. n. To contract matrimony. Sluik. WE'DDED*, w£d'-d5d. a. Belonging to matrimony. Milton. WE'DDING, wid'-dmg. 410. n.s. [pebbung, Sax.] Marriage ; nuptials ; the nuptial ceremony. Sliak. (56 WEDGED, wedje. n. s. [vegge, Danish; wegg?, Dutch.] A body, which, having a sharp edge, con- tinually growing thicker, is used to cleave limber ; one of the mechanical powers. Wilkins. Amass of metal. Josh.x'ii. Any thing in the form of a wedge. Milton. To WEDGE, w(k!je. v. a. To cleave with a wedge. Shak. To drive as a wedge is driven. Shak. i o force as a wedge forces. Milton. To fasten bv wedges. A. Phillips. To fix as a wedge. Shak. WEDLOCK, wed'-lok. n. s. [peb and lac, Sax., marriage and gift.] Marriage ; matrimony. Shak. WEDNESDAY, wenz'-de. 223. n.s. [pobenyba^, Sax. ; odensday, Swed. ; woensday, Dutch ; wens- day, Iccl.] The fourth day of the week, so named by' the Gothick nations from Woden, or CM//, Fell. WEE, we. a. [weinigh, Teut. little ; wenig, Germ.] Little ; small. Shakspeare. WE'ECHELM, weelsh'-elm. n. s. [often written witch elm.] A species of elm. Bacon. WEED §, weed. n. s. [peob, Sax.] An herb noxious or useless. Clarendon, [peeba, Sax. ; waed, Dut ] A garment; clothes; habit; dress. Now scarce in use, except in widow's weeds, the mourning dress of a widow. Sidney. The upper garment. Chapm. To WEED, weed. 246. v. a. To rid of noxious plants. Bacon. To take away as noxious plants. Shak. To free from any thing hurtful or offensive. Howell. To root out vice. Ascliam. WE'EDER, weed'-ur. 98. n. s. One that takes away anv thing noxious. Sluxkspeare. WE'EDERY* we'-dur-e. n.s. Weeds. More. WE'EDHOOK, weed'-h66k. )n.s. A hook WE'EDINGHOOK, we'-d?ng-h66k. $ by which weeds are cut away or extirpated. Tusser. WE'EDLESS, weed'-les. a. Free from weeds j free- from any thing useless or noxious. Donne. WE'EDY, weed'-e. a. Consisting of weeds. Shak. Abounding with weeds. Dryden. WEEKS, week. 246. n. s. [peoc,. Sax.: weke, Dutch; wecka, Swed.] The space of seven davs. \jr£7l. XXIX WE EKDAY, week'-da. n. s. Any da£not Sunday Pope. WE'EKLY, week'-le. a. Happening, produced, or done once a week ; hebdomaaary. Hooker. WE'EKLY, week'-le. ad. Once a week ; by heb - domadal periods. Ayiijfe. WEEL, week ) n. s. [psel, Sax.] A whirlpool. WE'ELY*, we'-le. \ Ray. A twiggen snare or trap for fish, [perhaps from willow.] Carew. To WEEN, ween. 246. v. n. [penan, Sax. ; waenen, Dutch.] To think ; to imagine ; to form a notion ; to fancy. Spenser. Ob. J. To WEEP §. weep. v. n. preter. and part. pass, wept, weeped. [peopan, Sax.] To show sorr.w by tears. Deut. xxxiv. To shed tears from any passion Shakspeare. To lament ; to complain. Numbers. To WEEP, weep. 246. v. a. To lament with tears : to bewail ; to bemoan. Shak. To shed moisture. Milton. To drop. Pope. To abound with wet Mortimer. WE'EPER, weep'-ur. 93. n.s. One who sheds tears ; a lamenter ; a bewailer ; a mourner. Bp. Tayh) A white border on the sleeve of a mourning coat. WEEPLNGLY*, we'-ping-le. ad. With weeping- in tears. Wotton. WE'ERISH, we'-rlsh. a. [See Wearish.] Insipid , weak and washy ; sour ; surly. Asclmm. To WEET, weet. v. n. pret. wot or wote. [pit an, Sax. ; weten, Dutch.] To know ; to be informed ; to have knowledge. Spenser. Oh. J. WE'ETLESS, weet'-les. 246. a. Unknowing. Spen ser. Unsuspected. Spenser. WE'EVIL, we'-vl. n. s. [pepel, Sax. ; vevel, Dutch.J A grub. Bacon. WE'EZEL, we'-zl. n.s. See Weasel. WEFT, wM. The old pret. and part. pass, of ware, Spenser. Ob. J. WEFT, weft. n. s. [guaive, Fr. ; vo/a, Icel. ; vagus Lat.] That of which the claim is generally v-aved 1013 WEL WEL IT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, p?n ; any thing wandering- without an owner, and seized by the lord of the manor. B. Jonson. WEFT §, weft. n. s. [pepta, Sax. ; waeft, Su. Goth.] The woof of cloth. WE'FTAGE, wef-tfdje. 90. n.s. Texture. Grew. To WEIGH§, wa. 249, 290. v. a. [pae^an, Sax. j weyhe?i, Dut.] To examine by the balance. Bacon. To be equivalent to in weight. Boyle. To pay, allot, or take by weight. Zech. xi. To raise ; to take up the anchor. Knolles. To examine ; to balance in the mind ; to consider. Hooker. To compare by the scales. Pope. To regard ; to con- sider as worthy of notice. Sliak. — To weigh down. To overbalance. Daniel. To weigh down. To overburden 5 to oppress with weight ; to depress. Milton. To WEIGH, wa. v. n. To have weight. Brown. To be considered as important ; to have weight in the intellectual balance. Locke. To raise the an- chor. Dryden. To bear heavily; to press hard. Sliakspeare. To sink by its own weight. Bacon. WE'IGHED, wade. 359. a. Exoerienced. Bacon. WE'IGHER, wa'-fir. n. s. One who weighs. Huloet. Any thing which weighs, or is considered important. Milton. WEIGHT?, wate. [See Eight.] n.s. [peegeft, Sax.] Quantity measured by the balance. Bacon. A mass b v which, as the standard, other bodies are examined. Lev. xix. Ponderous mass. Bacon. Gravity 5 heaviness ; tendency to the centre. Wil- kins. Pressure ; burthen ; overwhelming power. Milion Importance ; power ; influence ; efficacy ; consequence ; moment. Locke. WE'IGHTILY, wa'-te-le. ad. Heavily ; ponderous- lv. Solidly; importantly. Broome. W E'IGHTINESS, wa'-te-nes. n. s. Ponderosity 5 .gravity; heaviness. Solidity; force. Locke. Im- portance. Hay ward. WE'IGHTLESS, wate'-les. a. Light ; having no gravity. Sandys. WEIGHTY; wa'-te. 249. a. Heavy; ponderous. Dryden. Important ; momentous ; efficacious. Shaksveare. Rigorous ; severe. Sliakspeare. WEIRD* weerd. a. [peapb, Sax.] Skilled in witch- craft. Sliakspeare. To WEIVE*, weve. v. a. [now written wave, and sometimes waive.] To decline; to withdraw; to forsake. Gower. WE'LAWAY, weT-a-wa. interj. [palapa, Sax.] Alas! Spenser. WE'LCOME $, wel'-kQm. 165. a. [pilcume, Sax. ; welkom, Dut.] Received with gladness; admitted willingly to any place or enjoyment ; grateful ; pleasing. Sliakspeare. — To bid welcome. To re- ceive with professions of kindness. Bacon. WE'LCOME, weT-kum. interj. A form of salutation used to a new comer, ellipiically used for you are welcome. Dryden. WE'LCOME, weK-kum. n. s. Salutation of a new comer. Sliakspeare. Kind reception of a new comer. Sidney. To WE'LCOME, wel'-kum. v. a. ^To salute a new comer with kindness. Sliakspeare. WELCOME to our House, n. s. An Jierb. Ains- worth. WELCOMENES8, weF-kfim-nes. n. s. Grateful- ness. Boyle. WE'LCOMER, weF-k&m-ur. 93. n. s. The saJuter or receiver of a new comer. WELD, weM. ) n. s. Yellow weed, or dier's weed. WOULD. S Sprat's Hist. R. S. To WELD, for To wield. Spenser. To WELD, weld. v. a. [wella, Swed.] To beat one mass into another, so as to incorporate them. Moxon. WE'LDER, weF-dur. n. s. [a term perhaps merely Irish.] Manager ; actual occupier. Swift. WE'LFARE. v/eT-fare. n.s. [well and /arc] Hap- piness ; success ; prosperity. Addison. To WELK, welk. v. a. To shorten or impair ; to cloud ; to obscure. Spenser. To WELK*, we!k. v. n. To dry; to wither. Grose. WE'LKED, welkt. 359. a. Set with protuberances. Properly, whelked, from whelk. Sliakspeare. WELKIN, weT-kin. n. s. [pealcan, or pelcen, Sax.] The visible regions of the air. Out of use except in poetry. Chaucer. — Welkin eye is a rolling eye. [pealcan, Sax.] Sliakspeare. WELL §, well. n.s. [pelle, pceH, Sax.] A spring ; a fountain ; a source. Milton. A deep, narrow pit of water. Dryden. The cavity in which stairs art; placed. Moxon. To WELL, well. v.n. [peallan, Sax.] To spring ; to issue as from a spring. Spenser. To WELL, we'll, v. a. To pour any thing forth Spenser. WELL, we'll, a. Not sick ; being in health. Slutk. Happy. Shak. Convenient ; advantageous. Locke. Being in favour. Dryden. Recovered from any sickness or misfortune. Sliakspeare. WELL, well, ad, [wil, Goth. ; pell, Sax. ; wel, Dut. , vel, Icel.] Not ill ; not unhappily. Prior. Not ill : not wickedly. Milton. Skilfully} properly } in > laudable manner. Milton. Not amiss ; not unsuv cessfully; not erroneously. ICnolles. Not insuffi ciently ; not defectively. Genesis. To a degree that gives pleasure. Bacon. With praise; favour- ably. Pope. Well is sometimes, like the French bien, a term of concession. Sidney. Conveniently; suitably. Milton. To a sufficient degree : a kind of slight sense. Wotton. It is a word by which something is admitted as the ground for a conclu- sion : as, Well, let's away. Shak. — As icell as. Together with ; not less than. Blackmore. Well is him or me. He is happy. Ecclus. xxv. Well nigh. Nearly; almost. Well enough. In a moderate degree; tolerably. — It is used much in composition to express any thing right, laudable, or not defective: as, we/Z-affected ; well-aimed ; ^//-appointed, &c. \ WELLADAY, wel'-a-da. interject, [a corruption of wellaway. See Wklaway.] Alas! Sliakspeare. j WELLBETNG, wel-be'-mg. 410. n. s. {well and be.] Happiness; prosperity. Bp. Taylor. WELLBO'RN,wei-b6rn / . a. Not meanly descended. Waller. WELLBRE'D, wel-bred'. a. Elegant of manners; polite. Roscommon. VvELLDO'NE, weF-dfin. [wel-dun', Perry and Jones.] interject. A word of praise. St. Matt. xxv. WE'LLFARE, weF-fare. n.s. Happiness; prosperi- ty. Hoh/day. WELLFA'VOURED, wel-fa'-vurd. a. [icell and favour.] Beautiful ; pleasing to the eye. Shak. WELLHEAD*, weT-hecl. n.s. [well and ha Source ; fountain ; wellspring. Spenser. WELLMA'NNERED*, well-man'-nurd. a. Polite ; civil ; complaisant. Dryden. WELLME'ANER*, wel-me'-n&r. n.s. One who means well. Dryden. WELLME'ANlNG* wel-me'-ning. a. Having a good intention. Killingbrck. WELLME'T, wel-meF. interject. A term of saluta- tion. Sliakspeare. WELLNA'TURED, wel-na'-ts*urd. a. Goodnatur- c-d ; kind. Denham. WELLNIGH, wel-nK ad. Almost. Spenser. WELLSPE'NT, weT-spent. ad. Passed with virtue. Calamy. WELLSPO'KEN*, wel-spo'-kn. a. Speaking well ; speaking fmefy ; speaking gracefully ; speaking kindly. Sliakspeare. WE'LLSPRING, wef'-sprfng. n. s. [pcell^epppi^, Sax.] Fountain ; source. Prov. xvi. WELLWI'LLER, wel-wlF-lur. n. s. [well and wil- ier.] One who means kindly. j WELLWFSH. wel-w!sh'. n.s. A wish of happiness. ui-ddison. WELL WFSHER, wei-wish'-ur. n. s. One who wishes the good of another. Addison. WELSH*, welsh, a. Relating to the people or coun try of Wales. WELSH*, welsh, n. s. The people of Wales. Addx son. 1014 head.] WET WHE — n6, move, ndr, not; — lube, tub, bull 3 — 6)1 ; — pdurid; — thin, ih'is. WELT$, weU n s. twd, Suetli.] A border, a guard ; an edging. Bacon. To WELT, w&t. v. a. To sew an}' thing with a bor- der. Shelton. To WE'LTER, welt'-flr. 98. v. n. {wdr.eren, Teut. 3 weltra, Swed. ; pseltan, Sax.] To roll in water, or mire. Milton. To roll voluntarily ; to waU ow. Bp. FUl'.rr !ToWEM$*, wem. v. a. [pernman, Sax.] To cor- rupt; to vitiate; to spot. Brant. WEM, wem. 71. s. [pern, Sax.] A sp~t . a scar. WEN, wen. n.s. [pen, Sax.] A fleshy or callous ex- crescence, or protuberance. Bacon. WENCH §, wensh. n.s. [pencle, Sax,] A young woman. Sidney. A young woman in contempt; a strumpet. Spenser. A strumpet. Spectutor. To WENCH, wensh. v.n. To frequent loose women. Addison. WE'NCHER, wensh'-ur. 98. n. s. A fornicator. Grevj. WE'NCHLIKE*, wenshMlke. a. After the manner of wenches. Huloet. To WEND, wend, w. n. [penban, Sax.] To go ; to pass to or from, [preterit icentS Slulc. To turn round : an old sea term. Raleigh. WE'NNEL, weV-nel. n. s. [corrupted for weanling.] An animal newly taken from the dam. Tusser. WE'NNTSH*, wen'-nlsh. ) a. Having the nature of WE'NNY, weV-ne. \ a wen. IVotton. WENT, went. pret. See Wend and Go. WENT*, went. n. s. Way ; course ; path. Spenser. WEPT, wept. pret. and part, oi'weep. WERE, wer. 94. Of the verb To be. The plural in all persons of the indicative imperfect, and all the persons of the subjunctive imperfect, except the second, which is icert. Gen. xxxiv. WERE. n. s. A dam. See Wear. Sidney. WERT, weYt. The second person singular of the subjunctive imperfect of To be. B. Jonson. WERTH, WEORTH, WYRTH, whether initial or final in the names of places, signify a farm, court, or village, from the Saxon peojio'i^ 1 , used by them in the same sense. Gibson. WE'SAND, we'-zn. 227. n. s. [papen, Sax.] The windpipe ; the passage through which the breath is drawn and emitted ; the larynx. Wiseman. WE'SIL. n. s. See Wesand. WEST§, w£st. n.s. [pepfc, Sax.; icest, Dutch.] The region where the sun goes below the horizon at the equinoxes. Shakspeare. W T EST, w^st. a. Being towards, or coming from, the region of the setting sun. Num. xxxiv. WEST, west. ad. To the west of an}' place ; more westward. Shakspeare. To WEST* wgst. v. n. To pass to the west 3 to set, as the sun. Chaucer. WE'STERING, weV-ur-lng. 410. a. Passing to the west. Milton. WESTERLY, west'-fir-te. a. Tending or being to- wards the west. Graunt. WESTERN, west'-urn. a. Being in the west, or to- ward the part where the sun sets. Spenser. WESTWARD, west'-w&rd. 88. ad. [pepfcpeapib, Sax.] Towards the west. Abbot. WE'STWARDLY, west'-wurd-le. ad. With ten- dency to the west. Donne. WET §, w£t. n. s. [wate, M. Goth. ; vaeia, Icel. ; pas- ta, Sax.] Water; humidity; moisture; rainy weather. Bacon. WET, wet. a. [poet, Sax.] Humid; having some moisture adhering ; opposed to dry. Job, xxiv. Rainy; watery. Dry den. To WET, wet. v. a. To humectate ; to moisten ; to make to have moisture adherent. Spenser. To moisten with drink. Walton. WETHER, weTH'-ur. 98, 469. n. s [pebep, Sax. ; iceder, Dutch.] A ram castrated. Shakspeare. WE'TNESS, wet'-nes. n. s. The stale of being wet; moisture ; humidity. Mortimer. WE'TSHOD* wcV-sh6d. a. Wet over the shoes. Mirror for Magistrates. I To WEX, weks. v. a. [corrupted from wax.] To I grow; to increase. Spenser. J §Cf* This word, says Johnson, was corrupted from war. hy Spenser, for a rhyme, and imitated by Dryden : aid I I make no doubt that many of our corruptions in pro- ! nuncia'.ion are owing to the same cause. W. ! WE'ZAND, we'-zn. n. s. See Wesand. The wind I pioe. Broun. I To WHACK*, hwak. v. a. To strike : apparently I a corruption of thwack. WHALE, hvvale. 397. n. s. [hpale, Sax.] The largest of fish ; the largest of the animals that inhabit this globe. Genesis. WHA'LEBONE*, hwale'-b6ne. n. s. The fin of a whale; the fin of a whale cut and used in making stays. Ash. WHA'LY, hwa'-le. a. See Weal. Marked in streaks : properly wealy. Spenser. WHAME, hwame. n. s. The burrel-fiv. Derham. WHANG*, hwang. n.s. [o>an£,Sax.] A thong ; a leather thong. To WHANG*, hwang. v. a. To beat; perhaps with thongs. Grose. WHAP*, hw6p. n. s. A blow : a low expression. WHATPER*, hwop'-pur. n. s. Any thing uncom monly large ; a thumper. WHARF §, hwSrf. n. s. [war/, Swed. ; we,/, Dutch.] A perpendicular bank or mole, raised for the con venience of lading or emptying vessels ; a quay 01 kev. Child. WHA/RFAGE, hwoif -?dje. 90. n. s. Dues for land- ing at a wharf. WHA/RFINGER, hwSrf-m-jur. n. s. One who at tends a wharf. Maydman. WHAT$, hwot. 397. pronoun, [hpaete, Sax. 5 mat, Dutch.] That which : [pronoun indefinite.] Shak. Which part : as, what is owing to nature, and what to labour. Locke. Something that is in one's mind indefinitely: as, I tell thee ichat. Shak. Which of several : "as, See ichat natures accompany what 'colours. Bacon. An interjection by way of surprise or question. Shakspeare. — What though. What imports it though ? notwithstanding. Hooker. What time, ichat day. At the time when ; on the clay when. Milton.. — [Pronoun interrogative.] Which of many? interrogatively. Spenser. To how great a degree, used either interrogatively or indefinitely : as, What partial judges are our love and hate ! Dryden. It is sometimes used for what ever. Bacon. It is used adverbially for partly ; in part : as, what by himself, and what by the soldiers Spenser. — What ho! An interjection of calling Dryden. WHAT*, hwot. n. s. Fare ; things ; matter. Spenser. Ob. T. WHATE'VER, hw6t-eV-ur. 98. } pron. [ Wliatso WHA'TSO. hwot'-s6. > is not now in WHATSOEVER, hwot-s6-eV-ur. ) use.] Having one nature or another; being one or another, either generic-ally, specifically, or numerically : as, In whatsoever shape he lurk I'll know. Millon. Any thing, be it what it will : as, whatsoever our liturgy hath. Hooker. The same, be it this or that. Pope All that, the whole that ; all particulars that : as, At once came forth whatever creeps. Milton. WHEAL, hwele. 227. n.s. See Weal. A pustule; a small swelling filled with matter. Wiseman. WHEATS, hwete 227. n.s. [hpafc, Sax.] The grain of which bread is chiefly made. Miller. WHEA'TEAR, hwit'-yere. n. s. A small bird, very delicate. Sicift. WHEA'TEN, hwe'-ln. 103. a. Made of wheat Exod. xxix. WHEA'TPLUM, hwete'-plum. n. s. A sort of plum AinswoHh. To WHEE'DLE §, hwee'-dl. v. a. [apparently from the Sax. abpelian.J To entice by soft words; tc flatter ; to persuade by kind words. Locke. WHEE'DLER* hwee'-dl-ur. ra.s.One who wheedles. WHEEL §, hweel. 397. n. s. [hpeol, Sax. ; wiel. Dutch.] A circular body that turns round upon an axis. Vowley. A circular body. Shak. A car 1015 WHE WHI fly 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat ; — me, m£t ; — pine, pm ; — riage that runs upon wheels. Pope. An instrument on which criminals are tortured. Sliak. The in- strument of spinning. Gifford. Rotation 5 revolu- tion. Bacon. A compass about ; a track approach- ing- to circularity. Milton. To WHEEL, hweel. v. n. To move on wheels. Sir J. Davies. To turn on an axis. To revolve ; to have a rotatory motion. Shak. To turn ; to have vicissitudes. To fetch a compass. Shak. To roll forward. Milton.. To WHEEL, hweel. v. a. To put into a rotatory motion ; to make to whirl round. Milton. WHEE'LBARROW, hweel'-bar-r6. n. s. [wheel and barrow.'] A carnage driven forward on one wheel. Bacon. WHEE'LER, hweel'-ur. n. s. A maker of wheels. Camden. WHEELWRIGHT, hweel'-rlte. n. s. [wheel and toright.] A maker of wheel-carriages. Mortimer. WHEE'LY, hweel'-e. a. Circular ; suitable to rota- tion. Phillips. To WHEEZE, hweeze. v. n. [hpeo r on, Sax.] To breathe with noise. Floyer. WHELK §, hwglk. n.s. See To Welk. An ine- quality 5 a protuberance. Shak. A pustule. See Weal. WHE'LKED*. See Welked. WHE'LKY* hwel'-ke. a. Embossed 5 protuberant ; rounded. Spenser. To WHELM, hwglm. v. a. [hulian, M. Goth. ; hilma, or hwilma, Icel.] To cover with something not to be thrown off"; to bury. Spenser. To throw upon something so as to cover or Dury it. Mortimer. WHELP §, hwelp. n. s. [welp, Dut. ; kuolpar, Icel. ; kwalp, Swed.] The young of a dog ; a puppy. Ba- con. The young of any beast of prey. Slvxkspeare. A son : in contempt. Shakspeare. A young man : in contempt. B. Jonson. To WHELP, hwelp. v. n. To bring young: applied to beasts, generally beasts of prey. Shakspeare. WHEN §, hwen. 397. ad. [whan, Gothick ; hpeenne, Sax. ; wanneer, Dutch.] At the time that. Camden. At what time? interrogatively. Shak. Which time. Shak. After the time that. Gov. of the Tongue. At what time. Daniel. At what partic- ular time. Milton.— Wlien as. At the time when 5 what time. Spenser. WHENCE, hwgnse. ad. [formed from where by the same analogy with hence from here.'] From what place ? Milton. From what person ? Prior. From what cause 1 Fenton. From which premises. Dry- den. From what place or person : indefinitely. Milton. For which cause. Arbuthnot. From what source : indefinitely. Locke. From which cause. Blackmore. — From whence. A vicious mode of speech. Spenser. — Of whence. Another barba- rism. Dry den. 1 YVHE'NCESOEVER, hwense-s6-eV ad. From what place soever ; from what cause soever. Locke. WHENEVER, hwen-ev'-ur. )ad. At what- WHE'NSOEVER, hwen-sd-eV-fir. $ soever time. Milton. WHERE §, hware. 73, 94. ad. [hpeep, Sax. ; waer, Dutch.] At which place or places. Sidney. At what place 1 Milton. At the place in which. Shak. — Any where. At any place. Burnet. — Wliere, like here and there, has in composition a kind of pronominal signification : as, whereof, of which. It has the nature of a noun. Spenser. WHEREABOUT, hware'-a-bout. ad. Near what place 1 as, Whereabout did you lose what you are seeking ? Near which place. Shakspeare. Con- cerning which. Hooker. WHEREA'S, hware-az'. ad. When on the contrary. Sprat. At which place. Spenser. The thing be- ing so that. Always referred to something differ- ent. But on the contrary. Woodioard. WHERE A'T, hware-at'. ad. At which. Sidney. At what ? as, Wliercat are you offended 1 WHEREBY', hware-bl'. ad. By which. Sidneij. By what ? as, Whereby wilt thou accomplish thy design 1 WHE'REFORE, hware'-fore. ad. For which reason. Hooker. For what reason ? Sliakspeare. WHEREFN, hware-?n'. ad. In which. Shakspeare In what ? Malachi. WHEREFNTO. hware-m-uW. ad. Into which. Shakspeare. WHE RENESS, hware'-ngs. n. s. Ubiety ; imper- fect locality. Grew. WHEREOF, hware-6f. [See Forthwith.! ad. Of which. Hooker. Of what : indefinitely. Milton. Of what ? interrogatively : as, Wliereof was the house built 1 WHEREO'N, hware-on'. ad. On which. Hooker On what 1 as, Whereon did he sit 1 WHE'RESO, hware'-s6. ; ad. In what WHERESOEVER, hware-s6-ev'-ur. \ place so- ever. Spenser. To what place soever. Dryden. WHERETHROUGH*, hware-*/ir66'. ad. Through which. Wisdom, xix. WHERETO', hware-toS'. )ad. To which. WHEREUNTO', hware-un-toS'. S Hooker. To what ? to what end 1 as, Whereto is this expense ? WHEREVER, hware-ev'-ur. ad. At whatsoever place. Spenser. WHEREUPO N, hware-up-dn'. ad. Upon which. Clarendon. WHERE WFTH, hware-wM'. ; .„- , WHEREWITHAL, hware-wlTH-all'. 5 **'• «* With which. Hooker. With what 1 interrogative- ly. St. Matt. tyC?' For the different sounds of th in these words, see Forthwith. W. To WHE'RRET§, hweV-rft. 99. v. a. [whren, Germ.] To hurry ; to trouble ; to tease : a low colloquial word. Bickerstaff. To give a box on the ear. Ainsworth. WHE'RRET*, hweV-rft. n.s. A box on the ear Beaumont and Fletcher. WHETIRY, hweV-re. n.s. [of uncertain derivation.] A light boat used on rivers. Draijton. roWHET^, hwet. v.a. [hpetfcan, Sax.; wetlen, Dutch.] To sharpen by attrition. Shakspeare. To edge ; to make angry or acrimonious. Shakspeare WHET, hw&. n. s. The act of sharpening. Any thing that makes hungry, as a dram. Dryden. WHE'THER, hweTH'-ur. 469. ad. [hpeeftep, Sax , hwathar, M. Goth.] A particle expressing one part of a disjunctive question in opposition to the other : answered by or. Hooker. WHE'THER, hweTH'-fir. pronoun. Which of two. St. Matt. xxi. WHE'TSTONE, hweV-st6ne. n. s. Stone on which any thing is whetted, or rubbed, to make it sharp. Hooker. WHE'TTER, hwet'-tur. 98. n. s. One that whets or sharpens. More. WHEY §, hwa. 269. n.s. [hpce£, Sax. ; wey, Dutch.] The thin or serous part of milk, from which the oleose or grumous part is separated. Harvey. It is used of any thing white and thin. Shakspeare. WHE'YE Y, hwa'-e. ) aa. Partaking of whey ; re WHE YISH, hwa'-Ish. $ sembling whey. Bacon. WHICH §, hwhsh. prim, [hpilc, Sax.] Tfie pronoun relative; relating to things. Hooker. It formerly was used for who, and related likewise to persons : as in the first words of the Lord's prayer. Ho&ker It is sometimes a demonstrative : as,' Take which you will. Shak. It is sometimes an interrogative as, Which is the man 1 St. John, viii. WHICHSOEVER, hwltsh-so-ev'-ur. pron. Wheth er one or the other. Locke. WHIFF §, hwff. n. s. [chwyth, Welsh.] A blast ; a puff of wind . Shakspeare. To WHIFF*, hwlf. v. a. To consume in whiffs ; to emit with whiffs, as in smoking. Bp. Hall. To WHI'FFLE§, hwif-fl. 405. v.n. To move incon- stantly, as if driven by a puff of wind. Rowe. To WHFFFLE* hwif-fl. v. a. To disperse as by a puff; to blow away ; to scatter. More. WHLFFLE*, hwif-fl. n. s. Anciently a fife or small flute. Douce. WHFFFLER, hwif-fl-ar. 98. n. s. [from whiffie, a 1016 WHI WHI — no, move, nSr, n6t ; — tube, tub, bull : -oil 5 — pound 5 — ilim, THis. fife.] A harbinger, probably one with a horn or trumpet. A filer or piper. Shak. [paeplepe, Sax.] One of no consequence ; one moved with a whiff or puff; a trifler. Spectator. WHIGJiwlg. 71. s. [hpce^, Sax.] A kind of sour or thin milk j whey. Breton. WHIG $, hw?g. n. s. [of Scottish origin, wiggarwors, or whiggs.] One of the party, in our political his- tory, opposed to the tories. Dri/den. WHFGGARCHY*, hwig'-gar-ke. n. s. [whig, and apx>i.] Government by whigs. Swift. WHl'GGISH,hwig'-gish. 332. a. Relating to the whigs. Swift. Wfll'GGISM, hwlg'-glzm. n. s. The notions of a whig. Swift. WHILES hwile. n.s. [weil, Germ.; hpile, Sax.; hiceila, M. Goth.] Time; space of time. Sidney. WHILE, hwlle. Sad. [hpile, Sax.] During the WHILES, bwllz. *> time that. Shak. As long as. WHILST, hwllst. ) Waits. At the same time that. <* Cor. ix. lo WHILE, hwlle. v. n. To loiter. Spectator. To WHILE*, hwlle. v. a. To draw out 5 lo consume in a tedious way. Pegge. WHI'LERE, hwl'-lare. ad. [while, and ere, or be- fore.] A little while ago: ere while. Spenser. Ob. J. WHILOM, hwl'-lum. 166. ad. [hpilom, Sax.] For- merly; once; of old. Spenser. Oh. J. WHIMS, hwfm. n. s. [hwima, Icel. ; Jucima, Sueth.] A freak ; an odd fancy ; a caprice ; an irregular motion of desire. Swift. To WHPMPERS, hwfm'-pSr. v. n. [wimmeren, Germ.] To cry without anv loud noise. Locke. WHFMPER1NG*, hwlm'-puf-fng. n. s. The act of uttering a small cry ; a squeak. Granger. WHFMPLED, hwim'-pld. 359. a. [perhaps from whimper.'] Distorted with crying. Shakspeare. WHFMSEYS, hwlm'-ze. 438. n. s. [another form of the word whim.] A freak ; a caprice ; an odd fan- cy ; a whim. B. Jonson. To WHFMSEY* hwW-ze. v. a. To fill with whim- sies. Beaumont and Fletcher. WHFMSICAL, hwW-ze-kal. a. Freakish; capri- cious ; oddlv fanciful. Addison. WHFMSICALLY*, hwW-ze-kal-le. ad. So as to be oddly fanciful. Dean Tucker. WIH'MSICALNESS^hwIm'-ze-kal-nes. n.s. Stale of being whimsical. Pope. WHFMWHAM*, hwfm'-hwam. n. s. [a ludicrous reduplication of whi?n.~\ A plaything; a toy; an odd do vice ; a strange fancy; a' freak. Skelton. WHIN §. hwln. n. s. [chijwn, Welsh.] Furze 3 gorse. Tusser. To WHINE % hwlne. v. n. [hwina, Su. Goth.] To lament in low murmurs ; to make a plaintive noise; to moan meanly and effeminately. Sidney. WHINE, hwlne. n. s. Plaintive noise: mean or af- fected complaint. South. WHI'NER*, hwl'-nfir. n. s. One who whines. Gay- ton. WHFNNY*, hwin'-ne. a. Abounding with whins. Nicolscn and Burn. To WHFNNY, hwin'-ne. v. n. [hinnio, Lat.] To make a noise like a horse or colt. More. WHFNYARD, hwfn'-yurd. 88. n. s. [pinnan and ape, Sax.] A sword: in contempt. Hudibras. To WHIPS, hwip. v. a. [hpeopan, Sax.; wippcn, Dut.] To strike with any thing tough and flexible. Addison. To sew slightly. Gay. To drive with lashes. SImk. To correct with lashes. Shak. To lash with sarcasm. Shak. To inwrap. Moxon. To lake any thing nimbly : always with a particle ascertaining the sense : as, out, on, up, away. Sluxkspeare. To WHIP, hwrp. v. n. To move nimbly : a ludicrous word. L'Estrange. WHIP, hwlp. n. 5. [hpeop, Sax.] An instrument of correction tough and pliant. WHIP and Spur. With the utmost haste. Pope. WHI'PCORD, hwfp'-kSrd. n. s. Cord of which lash- es are made. Dryden. WHFPGRAFTFNG, hwrp'-graf-tlng. n. s. A kind of grafting. WHFPHAND, hwrp'-hand. n. s. Advantage over Dryden. WHFPLASH, hwV-Ifish. n.s. The lash or smal. end of a whip. Tusser. WHFPPER, hwip'-pSr. 98. n. s. One who punishes with whipping. Shakspeare. WHI PPING*, bwip'-plng. n. s. Correction with a whip or rod. Bp. Hall. WHIPPING-POST, hwV-pnig-post. n.s. A pillar to which criminals are bound when they are lashed. Hudibras. WHFPSAW, hwip'-saw. n.s. An instrument to saw such great pieces of stuff as the handsaw will not easily reach through. Moxon. WHFPSTAFF, hwfp'-staf. n. s. [On shipboard.] A I piece of wood fastened to the helm, which the I steersman holds in his hand to move the helm and turn the ship. Bailey. WHFPSTER, hwlp'-stur. 98. n. s. A nimble fellow Shaksjjeare. WHFPSTOCK*. hw?p'-sl6k. n. s. The handle of a whip ; the whip itself. Shakspeare. WHIPT, hwlpt. 359. part. pass. For whipped. Tusser To WHIR*. hweV. I v. n. [of the same origin roWHFRRY^hweK-re. \ as whirl.] To turn round rapidly, with noise : a bird that flies with a quick motion, accompanied with noise, is still said to ichir away. Chapnuxn. To WHIR*, hwer. r. a. To hurry. Shakspeare. To WHIRLS, hwerl. v. a. [wliirla, Icel.] To turn round rapidly. Shakspeare. To WHIRL, hwerl. v.n. To run round rapidly. Spenser. To move hastily. Dryden. WHIRL, hwerl. 108. n. s. Gyration; quick rotation: circular motion; rapid circumvolution. Beaumont and Fletcher. Any thing moved with rapid rota [ tion. Addison. I #5= There appears to me to be a delicate difference, by I far too nice for foreigners to perceive, between the sound off in this word and the short sound of v, as if it 1 _ were written ichurl, which is the pronunciation Dr. I Kenrick, Mr. Scott, and W. Johnston, have adopted. I j have rather adhered, with Mr. Sheridan, to the genuine ; sound of i in virgin, virtue. Sec, though I would recom- mend the other sound to foreigners and provincials as the more easily conceived, and sufficiently near the truth. W. WHFRLBAT, hwerl'-bat. n.s. [whirl and bat] Any thing moved rapidiv round to give a blow. Creeclu WHFRLBONE, hvverl'-bone. n.s. The patella; the cap of the knee. Ainsworth. WHFRL1G1G, hweV-le-g?g. n.s. A toy which chil- dren spin round. Mountagu. WHFRLPIT, hwerl'-pft. )n. s. [hpypppole WHFRLPOOL, hwe,l'-po6l. \ Sax.] A place where the water moves circularly, and draws what- ever comes within the circle towards its centre ; a vortex. Shakspeare. WHIRLWIND, hwerl'-wmd. n. s. [werbeluind Germ.] A stormv wind moving circularly. Shak. WHFRR1NG, hweV-ring. a. See To Whir. WHISKS, hwlsk. n.s. [icischen. Germ.] A small besom, or brush. Boyle. A part of a woman's dress. Child. A quick, violent motion ; and hence, perhaps, a sudden gale. Turbervile. To WHISK, hwlsk. v. a. To sweep with a small be- som. Skelton. To move nimbly, as when one sweeps. Raleigh. To WHISK*, hwlsk. v. n. To move with velocity. Purchas. WHFSKER, hwis'-kur. 98. n. s. The hair growing on the upper lip or cheek unshaven ; a mustachio Hudibras. WHFSKERED* hwls'-kurd. a. Formed into whis- kers. Green. WHFSKY*, hw?s'-ke. n. s. A spirit drawn from bar- lev. Johnson. ToWHFSPERS, hwV-pfir. v.n. [wisperen, Dutch.] To speak with a low voice, so as not to be heard but by the ear close to the speaker ; to speak with suspicion or timorous caution. Ps. xli. 1017 WHI WHO O* 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin;— To WFIFSPER, hwls'-pur. v. a. To address in a low voice. Shakspeare. To ulter in a low voice. Shak- speare. To prompt secretly. Sliakspeare. WHI'SPER, hwls'-pur. 98. ?i.s. A low ; soft voice ; cautious and timorous speech. Bacon. WHISPERER, hwls'-pfir-ur. n. s. One that speaks low. Brevint. A private talker; a teller of secrets; conveyer of intelligence. Bacon. WHI'SPERING*, hwls'-pur-lng. n. s. Act of speak- ing in a low voids; cautious speech. Sidney. WHI SPERINGLY*, hwls'-pur-lng- le. ad. In a low voice. Dalgarno. To WHIST, hwlst. v. a. [probably from husk, whence hust and hist.'] To silence; to still. Spenser. To WHIST*, hwlst. v. n. To become silent. Ld. Surrey. WHIST, hwlst. interj. Be still ! be silent ! Lodge. WHIST, hwlst- n. s. A game at cards, requiring one's attention and silence. Swift. To WHFSTLE §, hwls'-sl. 472. v. n. [hpipfclan, Sax. ; fistula, Lat.] To form a kind of musical sound, by an inarticulate modulation of the breath. Bacon. To make a sound with a small wind in- strument. To sound shrill. Shakspeare. To WHFSTLE, hwls'-sl. v. a. To call by a whistle. South. WHFSTLE, hwfs'-sl. 405. n. s. [hpipfcle, Sax.] Sound made by the modulation of the breath in the mouth. Dry den. A sound made by a small wind instrument. The mouth : the organ of whistling. Walton. A small wind instrument. Sidney. The noise of winds. A call, such as sportsmen use to their dogs. Shakspeare. WHI'STLER, hwls'-sl-ur. 98, 397. n. s. One who whistles. Addison. WHFSTLY*, hwlst'-le. ad. Silently. Arden of Fe- versham. WHIT, hwlt. 397. n.s. [pihfc, Sax.] A point; a jot. Sidney. WHITES, hwlte. 397. a. [hpifc, Sax. ; wit, Dutch.] Having such an appearance as arises from the mix- ture of all colours; snowy. Neicton. Having the colour of fear ; pale. Shak. Having the colour ap- propriated to happiness and innocence. Milton. Gray with age. Shakspeare. Pure ; unblemished ; unclouded. Donne. WHITE, hwlte. n. s. Whiteness ; any thing while ; white colour. Newton. The mark at which an ar- row is shot, which used to be painted white. Dry- den. The albugineous part of eggs. Shakspeare. The white part of the eye. Ray. To WHITE, Invite, v. a. To make white; to deal- bate : to whitewash. St. Mark, ix. WHITE LE' AD, hwlte-led'.n.*. A calyx made from sheet-lead. Quincy. WFIFTELIMED*, hwlte'-llmd. a. Covered with white plaster. Titus Andronicus. WH1TELFVERED, hwlte-iiv'-urd. a. [white and liver. ,] Envious; malicious; cowardly. Shak- speare. WHFTELY, hwlte'-le. a. Coming near to white. Shakspeare. WHFTEMEAT, hwlte'-mete, n. s. Food made of milk. Tusser. To WHFTEN, hwl'-tn. 103. v. a. To make white. Brown. 7 T o WHFTEN, hwl'-tn. v.n. To grow white. Smith. WHPTENER, hwl'-tn-ur. 98. n. s. One who makes any thing white. WHFTENESS, hwlte'-nes. n.s. The state of being white; freedom from colour. Newton. Paleness. Shakspeare. Purity; cleanness. Dry den. WIII'TEPOT, hwlte'-pot. n. s. A kind of food. King. WHITES, hvvltes. n. s. A disease arising from a lax- ness of the glands of the uterus, and a cold, pituitous blood. QuincT/. WHFTETHORN, hwlte'-tfiorn. n. s. A species of thorn. Boale. WHITEWASH, hwlte'-wosh. n.s. Awash to make the skin seem fair. Addison. A kind of liquid piaster with which walls are whitened. Harte. To WHITEWASH*, hwlte'-wosh. v. a. To cover with whitewash. Mason. WHFTEW1NE, hwlte'-wlne. n. s. A species of wine produced from the white grapes. Wiseman. WHI'THER, hwh-H'-ur. 469, a. [hpySep, Sax. , hwader, M. Goth.] To what place '/ interrogative- ly. Shak. To what place : absolutely. Milton. To which place : relatively. Spenser. To what de- gree. B. Jonson. Whithersoever. Deut. xxi. WHITHERSOE'VER, hwiTH-ur-s6-ev'-ur. ad. To whatsoever place. Bp. Taylor. WFIFTING, hwl'-tlng. 410. n. s. [wiltingh, Dutch.] A small sea-fish. Carew. A soft chalk, [from white.'] Boyle. WHITISH, hwl'-tlsh. a. Somewhat white. Boyle. WHI'TISHNESS, hwl'-tlsh -ncs. n.s. The quality of being somewhat white. Boyle. WHFTLEATHER, hwft'-le-rH-fir. 515. n. s. [white and leather.] Leather dressed with alum, remarkable for toughness. Tusser. WHFTLOW, hwV-16. «. 5. [hpit, Sax., and low.] A swelling between the cuticle and cutis, called the mild whitlow, or between the periosteum and the bone, called the malignant whitlow. Wiseman. WHFTSOUR, hw!t'-sflur. n. s. A kind of apple. WHFTSTER, hwlt'-stur. 515. >n.s. A whitener. WHITER, hwl'-tur. $ Sliakspeare. WHFTSUL, hwlt'-sul. n. s. A provincial word, for milk, sour milk, cheese, curds, butter. Carexv. WHI'TSUN*, hwlt'-sun. a. Observed at Whitsun- tide. Shakspeare. WFIFTSUNT1DE, hwlt'-sfin-tlde. n. s. [white and Sunday ; because the converts, newly baptized, ap- peared from Easter to Whitsuntide in white.] The feast of Pentecost. Sidney. WHFTTENTREE, hwit'-tn-tre. n.s. A sort of tree. AinswoHh. WHI'TTLE§, hwlt'-tl. 515. n. s. [hpyfcel, Sax.] A white dress for a woman ; a double blanket, worn by the west-countrywomen over their shoulders, like cloaks, [hpyfcel, Sax.] A knife. Shakspeare. To WHFTTLE, hwit'-tl. 405. v. a. To cut with a knife. To edge ; to sharpen. Hakewill. WHFTYBROWN*. a. [white and brown.] Of a colour between white and brown : as, whity brown paper, tohity brown bread. Pegge. To WHIZ§, hwiz. v. n. [from the sound that it ex presses.] To make a loud, humming noise. Shak. WHIZ*, hwfz. n. s. A loud, humming noise. Guar- dian. WHO§, hod. 474. pronoun; genitive whose ; other cases whom, [hpa, Sax. ; wie, Dutch.] A pronoun relative, applied to persons. Abbot. Which of many. Locke. — As who should say . Elliptically for as one who should say. Collier. — Whose is the geni- tive of which, as well as of who, and is applied to things. St. John, xx. It has sometimes a disjunc- tive sense. Daniel. It is used often interrogatively : as, Who is this 1 Psalms. WHOE'VER, hoS-ev'-fir. pronoun. Any one, with out limitation or exception. Spenser. WFIOLE§, hole. 474. a. [pal£, Sax.] All; total; containing all. Shak. Complete; not defective. Waller. Uninjured ; unimpaired, [hails, M. Goth.] 2 Sarn. i. Well of any hurt or sickness. Jos. v. WHOLE, h6le. n. s. The totality ; no part omitted ; the complex of all the parts. Ecclesiastes. A sys- tem ; a regular combination. Pope. WHO'LESALE, h6le'-sale. n. s. Sale in the lump, not in separate small parcels. The whole mass. Watts. WHO'LESALE, h6le'-sale. a. Buying or selling in the lump, or in large quantities. Addison. WHO'LESOME, h6le'-sfim. 165. a. [heelsam, Dutch ; heylsam, Teut. ; both from hffil, Sax.] Sound. Contrary to unsound in doctrine. Attprbury. Con- tributing to health. Milton. Preserving; salutary. Psalm xx. Useful ; conducive to happiness or vir tue. Shakspeare. Kindly; pleasing . a burlesque use. Shakspeare. WHO'LESOMELY, hole'-sum-le. ad Salubriously ; salutiferously. Fox. 1018 WIC WIF -no, move, nor, not ; — tube, tab, bull ;— oil ; — pound ; — thin, mis. WHO'LESOMENESS, h6!e'-sum-nes. n. s. Quali- ty of conducing to health ; saiubrity. Fell. Salu- tariness; conduciveness to good. Goodman. WHO'LL Y, h6le'-e. 474. ad. Completely; perfect- ly. Sidney. Totally ; in all the parts or kinds. Bacon. $£/- From an ill-judged omission of the silent e in this word, its sound has been corrupted as if written hully .- but it ought undoubtedly to be written wholely, and pronounced like the adjective holy, and so as to corre- spond and rhyme with solely. W. WHOM, ho5m. The accusative of who, singular and plural. Pearson. WHOMSOEVER, h66m-s6-ev / -5r. pron. [oblique case of whosoever.] Any, without exception. Gen. xxxi. WHOO'BUB,hub'-bub. n.s. Hubbub. See Hubbub. Shakspeare. WHOOP §, hoop. n.s. See Hoop. A shout of pur- suit. Hudibras. A bird. Diet. To W HOOP, hOOp. v. n. To shout. Shakspeare. To WHOOP, hS6p. D. a. To insult with shouts. Dryden. To WHOOT, hSSt. v. n. See To Hoot. To shout. Drayton. To WHOOT*, hoSt. v. a. To insult with shouts. Young. WHORE §, h56r, or h6re. n. s. [hupe, Sax. ; hoere. Dutch.] A prostitute ; a woman who receives men for money. Dryden. A woman who converses unlawfully with men; a fornicatress 3 an adulteress 3 a strumpet. B. Jonson. £5= If there can be a polite pronunciation of this vulgar word, it is the first of these, rhyming with ■poor. The stage has followed this pronunciation; Mr. Sheridan has adopted it ; but Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Scott give the preference to the last ; and W. Johnston, Mr. Elphin- ston, Mr. Perry, and Barclay, adopt only the last, rhyming with more. This, it must be confessed, is the most analogical ; but, as it is used by the vulgar, the polite world think they depart a little from the vulgari- ty of the word by departing from its genuine pronunci- ation. W. To WHOPi-E, h55r. v. a. To corrupt with regard to chastity. Beaumont and Fletcher. To WHORE, hoor. v. n. To converse unlawfully with the other sex. Dryden. WHOREDOM, hodr'-dim. Hall. WHO REMASTER, hoor'-ma-stnr. ) WHO REMONGER, hOOr'-mung-gur. \ n - * [iv^iore and master, or monger /\ One who keeps whores, or converses with a fornicatress. Tillotson. W T HO ; RESON, h6or'-sun. n. s. A bastard. Shak. W r HO'RISH, hoSr'-Ish. a. Unchaste ; incontinent. Proverbs, vi. WHO'RISHLY, h63r'-ish-le. ad. Harlotlike. WHO'RISHN ESS*, hoor'-ish-nes. n. s. Character of a whore. Bale. WHORTLEBERRY, hwiV-tl-ber-re. n. s. [heopt- beriian, Sax.] Bilberry. A plant. Miller. WHOSE, hooz. n. s. Genitive of who. Sliak. Gen- itive of which. Prior. WHO 'SO. hOO'-sO. I pronoun. Anv, WHOSOE'VER, hoo-s6-eV-ur. \ without restric- tion. Bacon. To WHUR, whur. v. n. To pronounce the letter r with too much force. Diet. WHURT, hvvurt. n. s. A whortleberry ; a bilberry. Carew. WHY, hwl. 397, 475. ad. [hpi, Sax.] For what rea- son 1 interrogatively. Leslie. For which reason : relatively. Perkins. For what reason : relatively. Milton. It is sometimes used emphatically : as, why. no. Shalcspeare. WHY*, hwl. n. s. [quie, Dan.] A young heifer. Grose. WHY'NOT, hwl'-not. n. s. A cant word for violent or peremptory procedure. Hudibras. WI. [Sax.] Holy. Thus, Wimund, holy peace ; Wi- bert, eminent for sanctity; Alwi, altogether holy, &c. Gibson's Camden. WIC, W1CH, come from the Saxon pic, which, ac- cording to the different nature and condition of Fornication. Bp. ! places, has a threefold signification ; implying either a village, or a bay mode by the winding banks of a river, or a castle. Gibson's Camden. WICK, wik. n. s. [peoce, Sax. ; uiecke, Dutch.] The substance round which is applied the wax or tallow of a torch or candle. Spenser. WFCKED §, wlk'-Id. 99. a. [of this word the ety- mology is very obscure.] Given to vice, nut good, flagitious; morally bad. Job, viii. Cursed; bane- ful ; pernicious; bad in effect : as medicinal thing's are called virtuous. Spenser. WPCKEDLY, wik'-ld-le. ad. Criminally 5 corrupt- lv : badlv. B. Jonson. WFCKEDNESS, Wik'-Id-nes. n. s. Corruption of manners; guiit; moral ill. Shakspeare. WFCKER, wik'-ur. 98. a. [vigre, Dan.] Made of small sticks. Spenser. WI'CKET, wlk-k. 99. n.s. [guichet, Fr. ; wicket. Dutch ; gwichet, Welsh.] A small gate. Spenser. A pair of short laths, set up within a few inches of each other, to be bowled at in the game of cricket Duncombe. WFCLIFFITE*, wik'-llf-flte. n.s. Oneofthefol lowers of the great religious reformer Wicliffe. Lewis. WI'DDY*. See Withy. WIDE§, wide. a. [pibe, Sax.; wijd, Dutch.] Broad ; extended far each way. 1 Chron. iv. Broad to a certain degree : as, three inches wide. De- viating; remote. Raleigh. WIDE, wide. ad. At a distance. Spenser. With great extent. Shakspeare. WIDELY, wlde'-le. ad. With great extent each wav. Benlley. Remotely; far. Locke. To WI DEN, wl'-dn. 103. v. a. To make wide ; to extend. South. To WFDEN, wl'-dn. v. n. To grow wide; to exiend itself. Locke. WI DENESS, wide'-nes. n. s. Breadth ; large ex- tent each way. Dryden. Comparative breadth. Bent ley. WFDGEON, wld'-jfn. 259. n. s. A water-fowl, not unlike a wild duck, but not so large. Carew. WI'DOW$, wld'-6. 327. n.s. [pibpa, Sax.; we- duwe, Dutch ; weddw, Welsh ; vidua, Lat.] A wo- man whose husband is dead. Shakspeare. To Wl'DOW, wid'-O. v. a. To deprive of a husband. Shak. To endow with a widow-right. SluxL To strip of any thing good. Dryden. WIDOWER, wld'-6-ur. 98. *n. s. One who has lost his wife. Sidney. WIDOWHOOD, wld'-O-hud. n. s. T'* state of a widow. Sidney. Estate settled on s. * r ldow. Shak. WIDOWHU'INTER^wM'-i-hunt-ur -i. s. One who courts widows for a jointure. ArhLson. WTDOWMA'KER, wjd'-6-ma-kur. n. s. One who deprives women of their husbands. Shakspeare. WFDOW-WAIL, wld -6-wale. n. s. A plant. Mil- ler. WIDTH, width, n. s. [from wide.] Breadth ; wide- ness. Moxun. To WIELD §, weeld. 275. v. a. [pealban, Sax.] To use with full command, as a thing not too heavy for the holder. Shak. To handle : in an ironical sense. Shakspeare. WTE'LDLESS*, weeld'-les. a. Unmanageable Spenser. WIE'LDY, weel'-de. a. Manageable. WI'ERY, wf-re. a. Made of wire : it were better written wiry, Donne. Drawn into wire. Peacham. [from psep/Sax.] Wet; wearish; moist. Sliak. $5= When this word signifies made of wire, or drawn into wire, Dr. Johnson says it were better written wiry • but ought not fiery, for the same reason, to be written firyl When it signifies wet, wearish, or moist, perliapa it should be pronounced like weary, fatigued. W. WIFE§, wife. ??. s. plural imves. [pip, Sax. ; toijf, Dutch ; wyf, Icel.l A woman that has a husband. Shak. It is used for a woman of low employment. Bacon. WIFEHOOD*, wlfe'-hud. n. s. State and charade! of a wife. Beaumont and Fletcher. 1019 WIL WIN IT? 559— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, mel;— pine, pln;- WFFELESS*, wlfe'-lgs, x. Without a wife; unmar- ried. Chaucer. WFFELY*, wife'-le. a. Becoming a wife. Dryden. WIG. n. s. Wig, being a termination in the names of men, signifies war, or else a hero, from pi£a, a word of that signification. Gibson's Cam- den.. WIG, wig n. s. [contracted from periwig.'] False hair worn on the head. Swi/i. [wegglie, Teut.] A sort of cake. Ainsworth. WIGHT $, wlte. 393. n. s. [pihfc, Sax.] A person ; a being. Shak. Now used only in irony or contempt. WIGHT, wlte. a. [wig, Su. Goth.] Swift ; nimble. WIGHT, an initial in the names of men, signifies strong ; nimble ; lusty : being purely Saxon. Gibson's Camden. WFGHTLY, wlteMe. ad. Swiftly ; nimbly. Spenser. WILD§, wild. a. [pilb, Sax. ; wild, Dutch.] Not tame; not domestick. Shak. Propagated by na- ture ; not cultivated. Bacon. Desert; uninhabited. Milton. Savage; uncivilized: used of persons, or practices. Bacon. Turbulent ; tempestuous ; irreg- ular. Addison. Licentious ; ungoverned. Milton. Inconstant ; mutable ; fickle. Pope. Inordinate ; loose. Shak. Uncouth ; strange. Shak. Done or made without any consistent order or plan. Milton. Merely imaginary. Swift. WILD, wild. n. s. A desert; a tract uncultivated and uninhabited. Drayton. WILD Basil, n. s. A plant. Miller. WILD Cucumber, n. s. A plant. Miller. WILD Olive, n. s. A plant. Miller. WILD Service, n.s. A plant. Miller. To WFLDER, wlk-dur. 515. v. a. [from wild.] To lose or puzzle in an unknown or pathless tract. Dryden. WILDERNESS, wll'-dur-nes. n. s. A desert; a tract of solitude and savageness. Spenser. The state of being wild or disorderly. Milton. WFLDFIRE, wlld'-flre. n. s. A composition of in- flammable materials, easy to take fire, and hard to be extinguished. Bacon. WILDGOOSECHA'SE, wild-goSs'-tshase. n.s. A pursuit of some thing as unlikely to be caught as the wiklgoose. Shakspeare. WFLDING, wild'-lng. 410. n. s. [ivildelinghe, Dutch.] A wild, sour apple. Dryden. WFLDLY, wlkt'-le. ad. Without cultivation. More. Without tameness; with ferity. With disorder; with perturbation or distraction. Shak. Without attention ; without judgement ; heedlessly. Shak. Capriciously; irrationally. Wilkins. Irregularly. Dryden. WFLDNESS, wlld'-nes. n. s. Rudeness; disorder like that of uncultivated ground. Bacon. Inordi- nate vivacity ; irregularity of manners. Shak. Sav- ageness ; brutality. Sidney. Ferity ; the state of an animal untamed ; contrary to tameness. Unculti- vated state. Dryden. Deviation from a settled course; irregularity. Watts. Alienation of mind. Shakspeare. WILE §, wile. n. s. [pile, Sax. ; nriel, Ice!.] A deceit; a fraud ; a trick ; a stratagem ; a practice artful, sly, and insidious. Daniel. To WIlE*, wile. v.a. [linela, Icel.; pi^lian, Sax.] To deceive; to impose upon; to beguile. Spenser. WFLFUL, wil'-iul. a. [will and full.] Stubborn ; contumacious ; perverse ; inflexible. Proverbs. Done or suffered bv design. Spenser. WILFULLY, wll'-ful-e. ad. Obstinately ; stubborn- ly. Sidney. By design ; on purpose. Hammond. WILFULNESS, wll'-ful-nes. n.s. Obstinacy; stub- bornness ; perverseness. Hooker. WILILY, wi y -le-le. ad. By stratagem ; fraudulently. Joshua., ix. WFL1NESS, wlMe-nes. n. s. Cunning; guile. Ps. x. WILK*, wllk. n. s. [pealc, Sax.] A kind of peri- winkle; a sea-snail. Drayton. WILL $, will. n. s. [pi 11a, Sax. ; wille, Dutch.] That power by which we desire, and purpose ; velleity. Hammond. Choice ; arbitrary determination. Locke. Discretion ; choice. Wilkins. Command | direction. Eccles. xliii. Disposition; inclination; desire. Sliak. Power ; government. Psalms. Di vine determination. Shak. Testament ; disposition of a dying man's effects. Dryden. — Good-will Favour; kindness. Shak. Right intention. Phil, i Ill-will. Malice ; malignity. WILL with a Wisp. n. s. Jack with a lantern. Gay. To WILL, will. v. a. [wiljan, Goth.; pillan, Sax. ; willen, Dutch.] To desire that any thing shouia De, or be done ; or not be, or not be done. Hooker. To be inclined or resolved to have. Shak. To command; to direct. Hooker. It is one of the signs of the future tense ; of which it is difficult to show or limit the signification. To WILL*, will. v. n. To dispose of effects by will. Brand. WFLLER*, wlF-lur. n. s. One that wills. Barrow. WFLLI and Vili, among the English Saxons, as viele at this day among the Germans, signified many. So Willielmus is the defender of many ; Wilfred, peace to many. Gibson's Camden. WITLING, wll'-llng. 410. a. Inclined to any thing; consenting ; not disposed to refuse. Milton.. Pleas- ed; desirous. Wisdom. Favourable; well disposed to any thing. Exodus, xxxv. Read}' ; complying Hooker. Chosen. Milton. Spontaneous. Dryden Consenting. Milton. WFLLINGLY, wlK-llng-le. ad. With one's owa consent ; without disiike ; without reluctance Hooker. By one's own desire. Addison. WILLINGNESS, wll'-llng-nes. n. s. Consent ; free dom from reluctance ; ready compliance. B. Jon son. WILLOW*, wll'-l6. 327. n.s. [pehe, Sax.] A tree, of the boughs of which a garland was said to be worn by forlorn lovers. Miller. WFLLOWED*, w!lM6de. a. Abounding with wil lows. Collins. WILLOWISH, wll'-lo-lsh. a. Resembling the col- our of willow. Walton. WFLLO W WEED, wilM6-weed. n. s. A plant. Ains- worth. WFLLOWWORT, wll'-l6-wurt. n, s. A plant. Miller. WFLLOWY*, wll'-16-e. a. Abounding with willows. Gray. WFLSOME* wll'-sum. a. Obstinate ; stubborn. WTLY, wIMe. a. Cunning ; sly ; full of stratagem ; fraudulent ; insidious ; subtle ; mischievously artful. Spenser. WFMBLE, wW-bl. 405. a. Active ; nimble ; shift- ing to and fro. Spenser. WFMBLE §, wlm'-bl. 405. n. s. [wimpel, old Dutch, from wemelen.] An instrument with which holes are bored. Dryden. To WFMBLE*, wlm'-bl. »\ a. To bore. Sir T. Her- bert. WFMPLE§, wW-pl. 405. n.s. [guimple, Fr.] A hood ; a veil. Isaiah, ii. WFMPLE, wfm'-pj. n. s. A plant. To WFMPLE, wim'-pl. v. a. [wimpelen, Teut.] To draw down as a hood or veil. Spenser. WIN, whether initial or final in the names of men, may either denote a masculine temper, from pin, which signifies, in Saxon, war, strength, &c. or else the genera! love and esteem he hath among the people, from the Saxon pine, i. e. dear, belov- ed. In the names of places, U implies a battle fought there. Gibson. To WIN §, win. v. a. pret. wan and won ; part, pass, won. [pinna, Sax. ; winnen, Dutch ; winna, Su. Goth.; winnan, M. Goth.] To gain by conquest. Knolles. To gain the victory in a contest. Den ham. To gain something withheld, or something valuable. Shak. To obtain; to allure to kindness or compliance. Sidney. To gain by play. Addi- son. To gain by persuasion. Milton. To gam by courtship. Shakspeare. To WIN, win. v. n. To gain the victory. Mu.cn. To gain influence or /avow. Bacon. To gain ground. Shak. To be conqueror or gainer at play Shakspeare. 1020 WIN WIN -116, move, n5r, not;— tube, tab, bull ; — oil ;— pound; — thin, THis. To WINCE§, wlnse. v. n. [gwingo, Welsh.] To kick as impa'ient of a rider, or of pain. Shak. WINCER, wln'-sur. n. s. A kicking beast; one wincing as a beast. Milton. WINCH, wlnsh. n. s. [gui?icher, Fr.J A windlace ; something held in the hand by which a wheel or cylinder is turned. Mortimer. ' To WINCH §, wlnsh. 352. v. a. To kick with impa- tience ; to shrink from any uneasiness. Shakspeart. WINCH*, wlnsh. n. s. A kick of a beast impatient of the rider or of pain. Shelton. WFNCOPIPE, wlng'-kd-plpe. n. s. A small red flow- er. Bacon. WIND §, wind, or wind. [See Gold.] n.s. [pmb, Sax. ; wind, Dutch. | Wind is when any tract of air moves from the place it is in to any other, with an impetus that is sensible to us ; wherefore it was not ill called by the ancients, a swifter course of air ; a flowing wave of air ; a flux, effusion, or stream of air. Musclvenbroek. Direction of the blast from a particular point : as, eastward, westward. Shak. Breath ; power or act of respiration. Shak. Air caused by any action. Milton. Breath modulated by an instrument. Bacon. Air impregnated with scent. Swift Flatulence ; windiness. Milton. Any thing insignificant or light as wind. Milton. — Down the wind. To decay. L'Estrange. To take or have the wind. To gain or have the upper hand. Bacon. §£3= These two modes of pronunciation have been long contending for superiority, till at last the former seems to have gained a complete victory, except in the terri- tories of rhyme. Here the poets claim a privilege, and readers seem willing to grant it them, by pronouncing this word, when it ends a verse, so as to rhyme with the word it is coupled with : "For as in bodies, thus in souls we find, " What wants in blood and spirits, fili'd with wind." But in prose this regular and analogical pronunciation borders on the antiquated and pedantick. What could have been the cause of this deviation from the general rule in this word and gold it is nofeasy to guess ; they were both bound to their true sound in the fetters of rhyme; but these fetters, which are supposed to alter the pronunciation of some words by linking dis- similar sounds, have not been strong enough to restrain these from a capricious irregularity. It is not improb- able, that the first deviation began in the compounds, sucli as goldsmith, goldfinch, windmill, windicard, See, (as it is a prevailing idiom of pronunciation to shorten simples in their compounds ; see Principles, No. 515, and the word Knowledge;) and these at last corrupt- ed the simples. But, whatever may have been the cause, the effect is now become so general, that reduc- ing them to their true sound seems almost impractica- ble. Mr. Sheridan tells us, that Swift used to jeer those who pronounced wind with the i short, by saying, "I have a great mtndtofind why you pronounce it wind." A very illiberal critick retorted this upon Mr. Sheridan by saying, " If I may be so boold, I should be glad to he toold why you pronounce it goold." The truth is, every child knows how these words ought to be pronounced according to analogy ; but it requires some judgement, and an extensive acquaintance with polite and literary circles, to know which is the most current pronuncia- tion. Where analogy is not so evident, and yet as real as in these words, it is some credit to a speaker to de- part a little from custom in favour of analogy ; but where every one knows as well as ourselves what ought to be the pronunciation, and yet where every one pro- nounces in opposition to it, we shall get nothing but contempt by departing from the general voice. With respect to the words in question, my observation fails me if wind, as a single word, is not move fixed in the sound of short i than gold in the sound of 00 .• the true sound of this last word seems not quite irrecoverable, except in the compound goldsmith ; but the compounds of wind, such as windy, windmill, windward, &c, must, in my opinion, be given up: nor, till some supenonr spirit, uniting the politeness of a Chesterfield with the genius of a Swift, descends to vindicate the rights of an injured word, do I think that wind will, in prose and familiar language, ever be a fashionable pronunciation. The language of Scripture seems to have native digni- ty and solemnity sufficient to authorize the long sound, but no other. Mr. Sheridan and Mr. Scott give the Bt me preference to the first sound of this word that I have done. Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Barclay give only tb« short sound. Mr. Perry joins them in this sound, but says in dramatick scenes it has the long one. Mr. Nares says it has certainly the short sound in common usage, but that all our best poets rhyme it with wind, kind, &.c. ; and Mr. Smith observes, that it is now tho polite pronunciation, though against analogy. W. To WIND, wind. v. a. preter. wound ; sometimes, though rarely, winded ; part, wound, [pinban, Sax.; icinden, Dutch.] To blow ; to sound by in- flation. Spenser. To turn round ; to twist. Bacon. Te regulate in motion ; to turn to this or that direc tion. Shak. To nose ; to follow by scent. Hvdi bras. To ventilate. Prompt. Parv. To turn l)j shifts or expedients. Hudibras. To introduce by insinuation. Shak. To change. Addison. To en twist ; to infold ; to encircle. 'Shak. — To wind out. To exlricate. Clarendon. To wind up. To bring to a small compass : as, a bottom of thread. Locke. To wind up. Used of a watch : to convolve the spring. Shak. To put into a state of renovated or continued motion. Dryden. To raise by degrees. Hayward. To straighten a string by turning that on which it is rolled ; to put in tune. Waller. To put in order for regular action : from a watch Shakspeare. To WIND, wind. v. n. To turn ; to change. Dryden To turn; to be convolved. Bacon. To move round. Denham. To proceed in flexures. Shak. To be extricated ; to be disentangled. Milton. WFNDBOUND, wind-bound, a. Confined by con- trary winds. Dryden. WFNDEGG, wlnd'-eg. n. s. An egg not impreg- nated ; an egg that does not contain the principles of life. Brown. WI'NDER, wlnd'-fir. 98. n. s. An instrument or per- son by which any thing is turned round. Drayton. A plant that twists itself round others. Bacon. A winding step in a stair-case. WINDFALL, wlnd'-fall. n. s. Fruit blown down from the tree. Bacon. An unexpected legacy ; any unexpected advantage. B. Jonson. WINDFA'LLEN*, wlnd'-ialn. a. Blown down by the wind. Druyton. WTNDFLOWER, wlnd'-flOu-fir. n. s. The anem- one. WFNDGALL, wlnd'-gall. n.s. [wind and gall.] A soft, yielding, flatulent tumour, full of corrupt jelly, which grows upon each^ide of the fetlock joints of a horse. Farrier's Did. WFNDGUN, wlnd'-g&n. n. s. Gun which dis- charges the bullet by means of wind compressed. Wilkins. WFNDINESS, win'-de-ngs. n.s. Fulness of wind ; flatulence. Harvey. Tendency to generate wind Bacon. Tumour; puffiness. Brerewood. WFNDING, wlnd'-lng. 410. n.s. Flexure; mean der. Addison. WFNDINGSHEET, wlnd'-lng-sheet. n. s. A sheet in which the dead are inwrapped. Bacon. WI'NDLACE§*, > ^aiiAa zik U- s. [wind WI'NDLASSS, \ w!nd/ - las - 515 ' \ and fact.] A handle by which a rope or lace is wrapped togeth- er round a cylinder. A handle by which any thing is turned. Shakspeare. To WI'NDLACE*, ) . ., ,* { v. n. To act indi- To WI'NDLASS*, \ w!nd '- las - } rectly ; to go warily to work. Hammond. WT'NDLE, wln'-dl. n. s. A spindle. Ainswoiih. WINDLESS*, wlnd'-les. a. Wanting wind; out of breath. Fairfax. WI'NDMILL, wlnd'-mill. n.s. A mill turned by the wind. Waller. WI'NDOW, wln'-do. 327. n. s. [vindue, Dan.] An aperture in a building by which air and light are inlromilted. Spenser. The frame of glass or any other materials that covers the aperture. Newton Lines crossing each other. King. An aperture resembling a window. To WI'NDOW, wln'-do. v. a. To furnish with win dows. Wotton. To place at a window. Slujdc, To break into openings. Shakspeare. 1021 WIN WIS ffT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m& ;— plhe, p?n ;— WFNDOWY*, wrn'-fl6-e. a. Like a window ; hav- ing 1 little crossings. Do?ine. WI'NDPIPE, wlud'-plpe, or wind'-plpe. n.s. [wind and pipe.] The passage for the breath. Brown. Wl'NDSHOCK*, wind'-sh&k. n.s. [wind and shock.} A crack or other damage in the body of a tree, supposed to be occasioned by high winds. Evelyn. Wl'NDTIGHT*, wlnd'-ilte. a. Fenced against winds. Bp. Hall. WINDWARD, wlnd'-wurd. 88. ad. Towards the wind. WFNDWARD*, wlnd'-wurd. a. Lying towards the wind. WFNDWARD*, wlnd'-wurd. n.s. Point towards the wind. Tatler. WFNDY, wln'-de. a. Consisting of wind. Shak. Next the wind. Shak. Empty; airy. Milton. Tem- pestuous; molested with wind. South. Puffy; flat- ulent. Arbuthnot. WINE§, wine. n.s. [pin, Sax.; vinn, Dutch.] The fermented juice of the gr;>p'-. Prov. xxiii. Prep- arations of vegetables by '*. -mentation, called by the general name of wines, have quite different qualities from the plant ; for no fruit, taken crude, has the intoxicating quality of wine. Arbuthnot. WING§, wing. 410. n.s. [gehpm£, Sax. ; winge, Dan.] The limb of a bird by which it flies. Sidney. A fan to winnow. Tusser. Flight; passage by the wing. Shak. The motive or incitement of flight. Shak. The side bodies of an army. Knolles. Any side piece. Mortimer. Figuratively, protection : generally, but not always, in the plural. Ps. lxiii. To WING, wing. v. a. To furnish with wings ; to enable to fly. Milton. To supply with side bodies. Shak. To transport by flight. Shak. To exert the power of flying". Dry den. To wound a bird in the wing : a term among sportsmen. WFNGED,wfng / -ed. 362. a. Furnished with wings; flying. Milton. Swift ; rapid. Shak. Fanned with wings ; swarming with birds. Milton. WINGEDPEA, wlng'-ed-pe. n.s. A plant. Miller. WFNGFOOTED*, wlng'-ful-ed. a. Swift; nimble; fleet. Drayton. WI'NGLESS*, wlng'-Ies. a. Not having wings; not able to ascend. Junius. WFNGSHELL, wlng'-shell. n. s. The shell that covers the wing of insects. Grew. WFNGY, wlng'-e. a. Having wings; resembling wings. Addison. To WINK§, wlngk. 40§. v. n. [pincian, Sax.; wincken, Dutch.] To shut the eyes. Shak. To hint, or direct by the motion of the eyelids. Swift. To close and exclude the light. Dryden. To con- nive ; to seem not to see ; to tolerate. Whitgift. To be dim. Dryden. WINK, wlngk. n. s. Act of closing the eye. Shak. A hint given by motion of the eye. Sidney. WFNKER, wmgk'-ur. n.s. One who winks. Pope. WFNKINGLY, wlnk'-lng-le. ad. With the eye al- most closed. Peacham. WFNNER, wln'-nur. 98. n. s. One who wins. Spen- ser. WI'NNTNG, wln'-nlng. 410. part. a. Attractive; charming. Milt-on. WFNNING, wln'-nlng. n. s. The sum won. Ad- dison. To Wl'NNOWv. w?n'-n6. 327. v. a. [pinbpian, Sax. • eianno, Eat.] To separate by means of the wind'; to part the grain from the chaff. Shak. To fan ; to beat as with wings. Milton. To sift ; to examine. Dryden) To separate ; to part. Shak. To WFNNOW. wln'-no. v. n. To part corn from chaff. Ecchts. v. WF-NNOWER, wln'-no-ur. 98. n. s. He who win- now? WFNSOME*, wfn'-s&m. a. [pinpum, Sax.] Merry; cheerful. WFNTER §, win'-tfir. S8. n.s. [pintep, Sax.; win- ter, Dan., Germ., and Dutch.] The cold season of the year. Sidney. To WFNTER, wm'-l&r. v. n. To pass the winter Isaiah, xviii. To WFNTER, wln'-tur. v. a. To feed or manage in the winter. Temple. WINTER is often used in composition. WFNTERBEATEN, wln'-tur-be-tn. a. Harassed by severe weather. Sjxnser. WFNTERCHERRY, wln'-tur-tsher-re. n. s. A plant. Miller. * WFNTERCITRON, wln'-tur-sit-tr&n. 417. n. s. A sort of pear. WFNTERGREEN, wln'-tur-green. n. s. A plant. Miller. WFNTERLY, wln'-tur-le. a. Such as is suitable tc winter ; of a wintry kind. Shakspeare. WFNTRY, wln'-tre. a. Brumal ; hyemal ; suitable to winter. Dryden. WFNY, wl'-ne. a. [from ivine.] Having the taste or qualities of wine. Bacon. To WIPE §, wipe. v.a. [pipan, Sax.] To cleanse by rubbing with something soft. Shak. To take away by tersion. Decay of Chr. Piet.v_ To strike off gently. Shak. To clear away Shak. To cheat to "defraud. Spenser. — To wipe out. To efface. Shakspeare. WIPE, wipe. n. s. An act of cleansing. A blow ; s stroke ; a jeer ; a gibe ; a sarcasm. Swift. A bird AinsivortJi. WFPER, wl'-pur. 98. n. s. An instrument or persorv by which any thing is wiped. B. Jonson. W1RE§, wl'-ur. n.s. [uirer, Fr.; wijr, led. ; wir, Sueth.j Metal drawn into slender threads. Fair~ fax. To WFREDRAW, wl'-ur-draw. v. a. To spin into wire. To draw out into length. Arbuthnot. To draw by art or violence. Dryden. WFREDRAWER, wl'-ur-draw-ur. n. s. One who spins wire. Wl'RY*. a. See Wiery. To WIS, wis. v. a. pret. and part, pass. wist, [pip- pan, Sax. ; ivissen, Germ. ; wysen, Dutch.] To think ; to imagine. Ob. J. WI'SARD*. See Wizard. WFSDOM, wlz'-dfim. 166. n.s. [pipborn, Sax.; wiisdom, Dan.] Sapience ; the power of judging rightly ; the knowledge of divine and human things Hooker. Prudence ; skill in affairs; judicious con duct. Sliakspeare. WISE §, wise. a. [pip, Sax.; wiis, Dutch and Dan.] Sapient; judging rightly; having much knowl- edge. Mitten. Judicious; prudent; practically knowing. St. Matthew, xxv. Skilful ; dexterous. Exod. xxviii. Skilled in hidden arts : a sense somewhat ironical. Shak. Grave ; becoming a wise man. Milton. WISE. wlze. n. s. [pipe, Sax. ; wyse, Dutch ; weise, Germ.] Manner ; way of being or acting. This word, in the modern dialect, is often corrupted into tvays. Sidney. WFSEACRE, wlze'-a-kur. 417. n. s. [wcissager, Germ.] A wise, or sententious man. In this sense obsolete. Leland. A fool ; a dunce. Addison. WFSEL1NG*, wlze'-lfng. ?i.s. One pretending to be wise: a word of contempt. Donne. WFSELY, wlze'-le. ad. Judiciously; prudently. Milton. WFSENESS. wke'-nes. n.s. Wisdom; sapience. Spenser. Ob. J. To WISH $, wish. v. n. [pipcian, Sax.] To have strong desire; to long. Jonah, iv. To be disposed, or inclined. Addison. To WISH, wish. v. a. To desire ; to long for. Sid- ney. To recommend by wishing. Shak. To im- precate. Shak. To ask. Clarendon. WISH, wish. n. s. Longing desire. Milton. Thing desired. Milton. Desire expressed. Shakspeare. WFSHEDLY, wlsh'-gd-le. ad Ar cording to desire. Knolles. Ob. J. WI'SHER, wlsh'-ur. 98. n. s. One who longs. One who expresses wishes. Proverb. WFSHFUL, wlshM'ul. a. Longing; showing de- sire. Shak. Desirable ; exciting wishes. Chapman WISHFULLY, wish'-f&l-e. ad. Earnestly; with longing. Blair. 1022 WIT WIT —nt>, m6ve, nSr, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6il ; — pSftnd ; — th'm, this. WI'SHLY*, wish'-le. ad. Willi longing j wishfully. Mirror for Magistrates. Ob. T. WI'SKET, wJsf-ket. 7/. a-. A basket. Ainsworlh. WISP, wisp, n.s. [ivisp, Swed. and old Dutch.] A small bundle, as of hay or straw. Bacon. {fC^ This word is sometimes written and pronounced, im- properly, wkisp. TV. WIST, v.ist. Pret. and part, of wis. WISTFUL, w?st/-fiil, a. Attentive 5 earnest) full of thought. Gay. Earnest; eager. Swift. WI'STFULLY, wlst'-ful-le. ad. Attentively 5 ear- nestly. Hudibras. WI'STLY, wist'-le. ad. Attentively; earnestly. Shakspeare. To WIT, wit. v. n. [pifcan, Sax.] To know ; to be known: now only used in the phrase to wit; that is to sav. Spenser. WIT$, Wit. n.s. [£epifc, Sax.; wit, Ice!.] The powers of the mind ; the mental faculties ; the in- tellects. Drijden. Imagination ; quickness of fan- cy. Locke. Sentiments produced by quickness of fancy, or by genius ; the effect of wit. Drijden. A man of fancy. Dryden. A man of genius. Cow- ley. Sense ; judgement. Daniel, faculty of the mind. Shak. [In the plural.] Soundness of under- standing ; intellect not crazed ; sound mind. Sha/c. Contrivance ; stratagem ; power of expedients ; invention ; ingenuity. WITCH §, wltsh. n. s. [piece, Sax.] A woman given to unlawful arts. Bacon, [from pic, Sax.] A winding, sinuous bank. Spenser. To W1TC rJ ; witsh. v. a. To bewitch ; to enchant. Spenser. WITCHCRAFT, wltsh'-kraft. n. s. [witch and craft] The practices of witches. Bacon. Power more than natural. Sidney. WFTCHELM* wltsh'-elm. n. s. A kind of elm. Scott. WFTCHERY, w?tsh'-ur-e. n. s. Enchantment. Ra- leigh . WFTCRAFT, wlt'-kraft. n.s. [wit and craft.] Con- trivance ; invention. Camden. Ob. J. WFTCR ACKER, wlf-krak-ur. n.s. [wit and crack- er.'] A joker ; one who breaks a jest. Sliakspeare. To WITE §, wile. v. a. [pifcan, Sax.] To blame ; to reproach. Spenser. WITE, wlte. n. s. Blame; reproach. Spenser. WFTELESS*, wite'-les. a. Blameless. Spenser. WITH§, with and with. 4G7. [See Forthwith.] prep. {picS, Sax.] By. Noting the cause : as, tired with iteration. Shak. Noting the means : as, cul- tivated with art. Drijden. Noting the instrument : as, with healthy wings. Rowe. On the side of; for ; noting confederacy or favour : as, Fear not, for I am with thee. Genesis. In opposition to ; in competition or contest : as, I do contest with thy love. Skak. Noting comparison : as, Can carbun- ' cles with her compare 1 Sandys. In society ; ! noting connexion : as, There is no living with thee. J Taller. In company of: as, He was with me. 1 Shak. In appendage ; noting consequence, or I concomitance : as, a right to regal power, and with it to obedience. Locke. In mutual dealing : as, I will buy with you. Shak. Noting confidence : as, I trust you with all my secrets; or, I trust all my secrets with you. In partnership. Pope. Noting connexion. Dryden. Immediately after : as, With that she told me. Sidney. Amongst: as, Interest is her name with men below. Dryden. Upon : as, Such arguments had force with those Pagans. Ad- dison. In consent : noting parity of state : as, With her they flourished. Pope. — With, in compo- sition, signifies opposition, or privation, except withal. Wilki/is. WITHA'L, wrrH-all'. 406. ad. Along with the rest; likewise ; at the same time. Hooker. To WITHDRA'W, wlTH-draw'. v. a. [pio\ or pi<5ep, Saxon, and draw.] To take back; to be- reave. PIcoker. To call away ; to make to retire. Broome. To WITHDRA W, wrm-draw'. v. n. To retire ; to retreat. Milton. W1THDRAWER*, wiTH-draw'-ftr. n.s. One who bereaves. Ouaed. WITHDRA'WINGROOM, wlTH-draw'-tog-room n. s. Room behind another room for retirement. Mortimer. WITHE, with. 71. s. [pifti^, Sax.] A willow twig Bacon. A band, properly a band of twigs, [with' an, JVI. Goth.] Mortimer. £5= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Smith, and W. John- ston, give the sharp sound of th in this word, as heard in frith; but Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry the flat one, heard in bathe ; The same distinction is observed hi withy by those who have the word, as this must Jo- pend entirely on its simple. W. To WFTHER §, wfTH'-fir. v. n. [gepiSepob, Sax. | To fade ; to grow sapless.; to dry up. Hooker. To waste or pine away. Temple. To lose, or want animal moisture. Dryden. To WFTHER, with'-ui-. v. a. To make to fade. Ja. if To make to shrink, decay, or wrinkle, for want of animal moisture. Dryden. WPTHERBAND, wiTH'-ur-band. n. s. A piece of iron, which is laid under a saddle, about four fingers above the horse's withers, to keep the two pieces of wood tight, that form the bow. Farrier's Diet. WFTHEREDNESS, wiTiF-urd-nes. n. s. The state of being withered ; marcidity. Bp. Hall. WI'THERS, wiTH''-urz. n. s. The joining of the shoulder bones at the bottom of the neck and mane, towards the upper part of the shoulder. Farrier's Diet. WFTHERWRUNG, wrrH'-ur-rung. n. s. The hurt caused by a bite o[ a horse, or by a saddle being unfit, especially when the bows are too wide. Far- rier's Diet. To WITHHO LD, w?TH-h6ld'. 7). a. icithheld, or ■with/widen, pret. and part. To restrain ; to keep from action ; to hold back. Spe/iser. To hinder ; to obstruct. Hooker. To take away ; to refuse. Spenser. WITHHO'LDEN, w?TU-h6l ; -dn. part. pass, of icith- hold. Spehiian. WITHHO'LDER, wrrH-h&d'-ur. n. s. One who withholds. Stephens. WITHFN, wrTH-uV. prep. [piSmnan, Sax.] In the inner part of. Shak. In the compass of; not be- yond : used Loth of place and time. Bacon. Not reaching to any thing external. Locke. Not longer ago than. Shak. Into the reach of. Olwaij. In die reach of. Milton. Into the heart or confidence of. South. Not exceeding. Swift. In the enclosure of. Addison. WITHFN, wiTH-?n'. ad. In the inner parts; in- wardiv; internal! v. Daniel. In the mind. Dryden. WITHFNSIDE, wrTH-in'-slde. ad. In the interiour parts. Sharp. WITHO'UT, wIth-Mi'. prep. [pi^ufcan, Sax.] Not with. Bp. Hall. In a stale of absence from. Tatler. In the stale of not having. Bacon. Be- yond; not within the compass of. Burnet. Sup- posing the negation, or omission of. Addison. Not by ; not by the use of; not by the help of. Bacon. On the outside of. Dryden. Not within Addison With exemption from. Davies. WITHO'UT, wira-dut'. ad. Not on the inside. Bacon. Out of doors. Wotton. Externally j not in the mind. WITHO'UT, wItii-SuF. conjunct. Unless; if not; except. Sidney. WITllO'UTEN, wlTH-6ut'-tn. prep. [piSufcan, Sax.] Without. Spenser. Ob. .7. To WlTHSTA'Np^vjTH-stand'. v.a. To gainstand ; to oppose ; to resist. Sidney. WITHSTA'NDER, wfxH-stand'-ur. n. s. An op- ponent ; resisting power. Raleigh. WI'THWIND, wfe/i'rwfnd. n. s. An herb. WFTHY, wW-e. [See Withe.] a. s. [pici^, Sax.] A willow-tree. Evelyn. WFTHY*,. wfc/i'-e, a. Made of withes. P. Fletchtr. WFTLES3, wit'-ltis. a. Wanting understand- ui; ; inconsiderate; wanting thought. Spenser. WOE WON O 3 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, mel ;— phie, pin ;- WITLESSLY*, w?t'-les-le. ad. ^considerately ; 1 without understanding. Beaumont and Fletcher. WITLESSNESS*, wit'-l£s-nes. n. s. Want of con- sideration. Sir E. Sandys. WITLING, wit'-lmg. 410. n. s. A pretender to wit; a man of petty smartness. Addison. WITNESS §, wfo'-n&. n.s. [pitnerre, Sax.] Tes- timony ; attestation. St. John, v. One who gives testimony. Gen. xxxi. — With a witness. Effectu- ally; to a great degree, so as to leave some lasting mark or testimony behind : a low phrase. Wood- ward. To W ITNESS, wft'-n&s. v. a. To attest ; to tell with asseveration. Shakspeare. To WITNESS, wlt'-nes. v.n. To bear testimony. Sidney. WITNESS, wff-ngs. interj. An exclamation signi- fying that person or thing may attest it. Milton. WITNESSER*. wft'-n^s-sur. n. s. One who gives testimony. Martin. WITSNA'PPER, wlt'-snap-pur. n. s. One who af- fects repartee. Slwkspeare. W1TTED, wit'-teU a. Having wit : as, a quick- ■witted boy. WITTICISM, wlt'-te-sfzm. n. s. A mean attempt at wit. Dri/den. WITTILY, wit'-te-le. ad. Ingeniously; cunningly; artfully. Dryden. With flight of imagination. Sidney. WITTINESS, wlt'-te-ngs. n. s. The quality of be- ing witty. B. Jonson. WITTINGLY, wlt'-tlug-le. ad. [from witting, know- ing.] Knowingly; not ignorantly; with knowledge; by design. Hooker. W1TTOLS, wlt'-tol. 166. n.s. [pittol, Sax.] A man who knows the falsehood of his wife, and seems contented ; a tame cuckold. Sidney. vVITTOLLY, wlt'-tol-e. a. Cuckoldly. Shakspeare. WITTY, wit'-te. a. Judicious; ingenious; inven- tive. Judith, xi. Full of imagination. Bacon. Sar- castick; full of taunts. Addison. WITWAL, wit'-wol. n. s. A bird. Ainsworth. WITWORM, wlt'-wurm. n. s. [wit and worm.] One that feeds on wit; a canker of wit. B. Jonson. To WIVE §, wive. v. n. To marry; to take a wife. Shakspeare. To WIVE, wive. v. a. To match to a wife. Stok. To take for a wife. Shakspeare. WFVEHOOD*, wlve'-hftd. n. s. Behaviour becom- ing a wife. Spenser. WFVELESS*, wlve'-Ife. a. Without a wife ; un- married. Homily of Matrimony. WFVELY, wlve'-le. a. Belonging to a wife. Sidney. WFVER*, or WFVERN*. n. s. A kind of heraldick dragon. Thynne. WIVES, wlvz. n. s. The plural of wife. Spenser. WFZARD, wfz'-urd. 88. n. s. [from wise : and should be written wisard.] A wise person ; a learned person. Spenser. A conjurer ; a magician ; an enchanter. Shakspeare. WFZARD*, vvlz'-fird. a. Enchanting; charming; overpowering. Collins. Haunted by wizards. Milton. To WFZEN*, wlz'-zn. v. n. [pirnian, Sax.] To wither ; to become dry : wizened, dried, withered, shrunk. WO$, )^ Jw. s. [pa, Sax.; wai, M. Goth.; WOE*,} ' l ovai, Gr.1 Grief; sorrow; misery; calamity. Shak. It is often used in denunciations, wo be; or in exclamations of sorrow, wo is, ancient- ly ico wwi.h ; pa pupS, Sax. Sidney. A denun- ciation of calamity ; a curse. South. Wo seems in exclamation an adjective. Sliak. [Woe is the Wjrev ailing orthography. Todd.] OAD, wode. n. s. [pab, Sax.] A plant cultivated for the dyers, who use it for the foundation of many colours. Miller. WO'BEGONE, wd'-be-gon. a. Lost in wo ; distracted in wo ; overwhelmed with sorrow. Sliakspeare. WODE. a. Mad. See Wood. WOE*. See Wo. WOE worth tliee. See To Worth. WO'FUL, wo'-ful. a. Sorrowful; afflicted; mourn- ing. Sidney. Calamitous ; afflictive. Proverb. Wretched; paltry; sorry. Pope. WO'FULLY, w6'-ful-e. ad. Sorrowfully; mourn- fully. Wretchedly : in a sense of contempt. South WO'FULNESS, w'6 / -ml-nes.n.s. Misery; calamity. Martin. WOLD, w6ld. n. s. Wold, whether singly or jointly, in the names of places, signifies a plain, open coun try; from the Saxon polb, a plain and a place without wood. Gibson. A plain, open country; downs. Shak. Wold and wald with the Saxons signified a ruler or governour ; from whence Bert- wold is a famous governour; Ethelwold a noble governour ; Herwald, and by inversion waldher, a general of an army. Gibson. WOLFS, wulf. 169. n. s. [palp, Sax.; wolf, Dutch.] A kind of wild dog that devours sheep : thence any thing ravenous or destructive. Shak. An eating ulcer. Brown. WO'LFDOG, wiilP-dog. n. s. A dog of a very large breed kept to guard sneep. Tickell. A dog sup- posed to be bred between a dog and wolf. WT> LFISH, wulf-lsh. a. Resembling a wolf in qualities or form. Shakspeare. WO LFSBANE, wulfs'-bane. n. s. [wolf and bane.] A poisonous plant ; aconite. Miller. WO LFSMILK, wulfs'-mllk. n. s. An herb. Aim- worth. WO LVISH, wul'-vfsh. a. Resembling a wolf. Shah WO'MAN§, wum'-un. 88, 169. n. s. [pipman, pim- man, Sax.] The female of the human race. Shak. A female attendant on a person of rank. Shak. To WO'MAN, wum'-un. v. a. To make pliant like a woman. Shakspeare. WO'MANED, wum'-und. 359. a. Accompanied or united with a woman. Shakspeare. WO'MANHATER, wum'-fin-ha-lur. n. s. One that has an aversion to the female sex. Swift. WO'MANHEAD, wunV-un-hed. ) n.s. The charac- WO'MANHOOD, wimV-un-hud. ) ter and collec- tive qualities of a woman. Spenser. Ob. J. WO'MANISH, wum'-un-fsh. a. Suitable to a woman ; having the qualities of a woman ; resembling a woman. Sidney. WTFMANISHLY*, wum'-fin-fsh-le. ad. In a woman- ish manner. Comment, on Chaucer. WO'MANISHNESS*, wtW-un-ish-nes. n. s. State or quality of being womanish. Hammond. To WO'MANIZE, wum'-un-lze. v. a. To emascu- late ; to effeminate ; to soften. Sidney. Oh. J. WOMANKIND, wiW-un-kylnd. n. s. The female sex; the race of women. Sidney. WO MANLY, wiW-un-le. a. Becoming a woman; suiting a woman ; feminine ; not masculine. Shak. Not childish; not girlish. Arbiitlniot WO MANLY, wum'-un-le. ad. In the manner of a woman ; effeminately. Gascoigne. WOMB §, wodm. 164, 347. n.s. [icc.mba, Goth. ; pamb, Sax. ; wamb, Icel] The place of the foetus in the mother. Shak. The place whence any thing is produced. Milton. Any cavity. Addison. To WOMB, w66m. v. a. To enclose ; to breed in secret. Shakspeare. WO'MBYjWOSm'-^. a. Capacious. Shak. Ob. J. WO'MEN, wfm'-mfn. Plural of woman. Milton. WON, wun. The pret. and part. pass, of win. To WON §, wun. v. n. [ponian, punian, Sax.: wonen, Germ.] To dwell ; to live ; to have abode. Spenser. WON, wun. n. s. Dwelling; habitation. Spenser. Ob. J. To WO'NDER§, wiuV-dtir. 08. v. n. [punbpian, Sax. ; wonder, Dutch.] To be struck with admira- tion ; to be pleased or surprised so as to be aston- ished. Rev. xiii. To doubt : as, 1 wonder whether he will be here in time : a colloquial expression. WONDER, wiV-dur. 98. n. s. [punbop, Sax.; wonder, Dutch.] Admiration; astonishment ; amaze- ment ; surprise caused by something unusual or un- expected. Shak. Cause of wonder; a strange thing- ; something- more or greater than can bo ex 1024 woo VVOR -no, mOve, nor, not ; — tube, tub, bull ; — 6ll ; — pdund ; — thin, THis. pected. Carew. Any thing mentioned with wonder. Milton. WO'NDERER*, w&n'-dur-ur. n. s. One who won- ders. WO'NDERFUL, wfin'-dur-ful. a. Admirable ; strange ; astonishing. Job, xlii. WO'NDERFUL, wun'-dur-ful. ad. To a wonderful degree. 2 Chron. ii. WONDERFULLY, wun'-dur-ful-e. ad. In a won- derful manner ; to a wonderful degree. Bacon. WONDERFULNESS*, wfcn'-dur-ful-n§s. n. s. State or quality of being wonderful or amazing. Sidney. WONDERMENT, wun'-dur-ment. n. s. Astonish- ment ; amazement. Spenser. Wonderful appear- ance ; wonderful relation. Dryden. WONDEROUS, wun'-dfir-ns. a. See Wondrous. WONDERSTRUCK, wun'-d&r-struk. a. Amazed. Dryden. WONDER-WORKING, wun'-dur-wurk-ing. a. Doing surprising things. Drayton. WONDROUS, wun'-drus. 314. a. Admirable 3 mar- vellous ; strange ; surprising. Milton. In a strange degree. Raleigh. WONDROUSLY, wun'-drus-le. ad. To a strange degree. Slmk. In a strange manner. Chapman. To WONT, ) ..j ( v. n. [pret. and part, wont : To be WONT, \ wunt j puman, Sax. 3 gewoonen, Dutch.] To be accustomed 3 to use 5 to be used. Spenser. WONT§, w&nt. n.s. Custom 3 habit 3 use. Sidney. Ob. J. WON'T, w6nt. A contraction of would not ; used for will not. WONTED, wunt'-Sd. part. a. Accustomed3 used 3 usual : used both of persons and things. Spenser. WONTEDNESS, wunt'-ed-nes. n. s. State of be- ing accustomed to. King Cliarles. Ob. J. WONTLESS, wunt'-les. a. Unaccustomed ; unusual. Spenser. Ob. J. To WOO $, w65. 10. v. a. [apo£ob ; Sax.^To court; to sue to for love. Shak. To court solicitously j to invite with importunity. Davies. To WOO, w66. v. n. To court 3 to make love. Dry- den. WOOD, wud. a. [wods, Goth.; pob, Sax.] Mad 5 furious ; raging. Tusser. WOOD §, wud. 307. n. s. [pube, Sax. 5 woud, Dutch.] A large and thick collection of trees. Sjienser. The substance of trees 5 timber. Boyle. WOODANE'MONE. wud-a-nem'-6-ne. n. s. A plant. WOO'DBIND, wud'-blnd. ) n. s. [pubbinb, Sax.] WOO'DBINE, wud'-bine. \ Honeysuckle. Sluxk- speare. WOO'DCOCK, wfid'-kok. n. s. [pobueoc, Sax.] A bird of passage with a long bill. Shakspeare. WOO'DDRIN K, wud'-drfnk. n. s. Decoction or in- fusion of medio) nal woods, as sassafras. Floyer. WOO'DED, wud'-ed. a. Supplied with wood. Chap- man. WOO'DEN, wud'-dn. 103. a. Ligneous 5 made of wood; timber. Sliak. Clumsy; awkward. Collier. WOO'DFRETTER, wud'-fret-tur. n.s. An insect; a wood- worm. Ainsworth. WOO'DGOD*, wud' -god. n. s. A pretended sylvan deity. Spenser. WOO'DHOLE, wud'-h6le. n. s. Place where wood is laid up. Phillips. W£>0'DINESS*, wud'-e-nes. n. s. The state of con- taining much wood. Evelyn. WOO'DLAND. wud'-land. n. s. Woods; ground covered with woods. Locke. WOODLAND*, wudMand. a. Covered with woods ; belonging to woods. Dryden. WOO'DLARK, wud'-lark. n. s. A melodious sort of wild lark. Shenstone. WOO'DLOUSE, wud -louse, n. s. An insect 3 the milleped. Hill. WOO'DLY*, wud'-le. ad. Madly. Huloet. WOO'DMAN, wtid'-man. 88. ) n. s. A sportsman 3 a WOO'DSMAN*, w&dz'-man. $ hunter. Sidney. WOO'DMONGER,wud'-mung-gur. n.s. A wood - seller. Wotton. WOO'DNESS*, w&d'-nes. n. s. Anger ; rage ; mad ness. Bp. Fisher. WOO'DNIGHTSHADE, wud'-nlte-shade. n. s. A plant. WOO'DNOTE, wud'-note. n. s. Wild musick. Mil ton. WOO'DNYMPH, wud'-nimf. n. s. A fabled goddess of the woods. Milton. WOODOFFERING, wud' -of-fur-frig. ».*. Wood burnt on the altar. Neh. x. WOO'DPECK*, wud'-pek. )n. s. A bird. WOODPECKER, wud'-pek-kur. S Derham. WOODPIGEON, wud'-pld-jln " -m- ' WOO'DCULVER, wud'-kul-vfir. ory. WOO'DREVE* :. s. A wild pigeon. Greg^ [ivnod and reve.] I'-reev n. s. One who has the care of woods. WOO DROOF, wud'-rOof. ?i.s. An herb. Ainsworth. WOO'DSARE, wud'-sare. n. s. Froth found upon herbs, as lavender and sage. Bacon. WOODSERE, wud'-seer. ?i. s. \icood and sere.] The time when there is no sap in the tree. Tusser. Ob. J. WOODSORREL. wud'-sor-rll. n. s. A plant. Mi) ler. WOO'DWARD, wud'-ward. n.s. A forester; an overlooker of woods. Howell. WOO'DWORM, wud'-wurm. n. s. A worm bred in wood. WOODY, wud'-e. a. Abounding with wood. Milton. Ligneous 3 consisting of wood. Grew. Relating to woods 3 sylvan. Spenser. WOO'ER, woo'-ur. 98. n. s. [po^ejie, Sax.] One who courts a woman. Chapman. ! WOOF, w66f. n. s. [from icove.] The set of threads I that crosses the warp; the weft. Bacon. Texture; I cloth. Milton. I WOOINGLY, w66'-ing-le. 410. ad. Pleasingly; so as to invite sta}^. Shakspeare. WOOL§, wul. 307. n.s. [pul, Sax.; wollen. Dutch.] The fleece of sheep 5 that which is woven into cloth. Raleigh. Any short thick hair. Shak speare. WOO'LCOMBER*, wul'-ko-mur. n. s. One whose business is to comb wool. Johnson. WOO'LFEL, wtil'-fel. n. s. [wool and fell.] Skin not stripped of the wool. Davies. WOO'LLEN, wulMin. 99, 192. a. Made of wool not finely dressed, and thence used likewise for any thing coarse : it is likewise used in general for made of wool, as distinct from linen. Bacon. WOO'LLEN,' wul'-lfn. n. s. Cloth made of wool Hudibras. WOO'LLINESS*, w&l'-le-nes. n. s. State or quality of being woolly. WOO'LLY, wul'-le. a. Clothed with wool. Shak. Consisting of wool. Dryden. Resembling wool. SJuikspcare. WOO'LPACK, wul'-pak. )n. s. [wool, pack, and WOO'LSACK, wul'-sak. S sack.] A bag of wool; a bundle of wool. Shenstone. The seat of the judges in the house of lords. Dryden. Any thing bulkv without weight. Cleaveland. WOO'LSTAPLERt,wul'-sta-plur. n.s. One who deals largely in wool ; one who buys wool, and sorts it, and then sells it to the clothiers. WOO'LWARD, wul'-wfird. ad. [wool and ward.] In wool. Harmar. Ob. J. WOOP, wS6p. n. s. A bird. WOOS, w66s. n. s. Sea-weed. An herb. WORD §, wurd. n. s. [popb, Sax. ; woord, Dutch waurd, M. Goth.] A single part of speech. Bacfi A short discourse. Shak. Talk; discourse. S^jik. Dispute; verbal contention. Slunk. Language^ oral expression ; living speech. Shak. Promised Heylin. Signal; token; order. Shak. Account; tidings ; message. Prior. Declaration ; purpose expressed. Dryden. Affirmation. Decay of Chr. Piety. Scripture ; word of God. Whitgift. Tho second person of tie ever-adorable Trinitv ; 9 1025 WOR WOR 0= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat 5— me, met;— pine, pin scripture term. MilLon. A motto; a short sen- tence ; a proverb. Spenser. To WORD, ward. v. n. To dispute. L 1 Estrange. To WORD, wurd. v. a. To express in proper words. Fell. To affect by many words ; to overpower by woids. Howell. WO'RDCATCHER*, wurd'-katsh-ur. n. s. One who cavils at words. Pope. WO'RDER*, wurd'-ur. n. s. One who uses words ; a speaker. Whitlook. WOUDINESS*, wurd'-e-nes. n. s. State or quality of abounding' with words. Ash. WO'RDISH* wurd'-Ish. a. Respecting words. Sid- ney. WO'RDISHNESS*. wfird'-Ish-nSs. n. s. Manner of wording or expression. Verses Pre/, to Digby of Bodies. WO'RDLESS* wfird'-ias. a. Silent ; without words. Sluikspeare. WO'RDY, wfird'-e. a. Verbose j full of words. Spec- 1 tator. WORE. wore. The preterit of wear. Dryden. To WORK§ ; wurk. v. n. pret. worked, or wrought, j [peop.can, Sax.; icerken, Dutch.] To labour: to! travail ; to toil. Ex. v. To be in action 5 to be in j motion. Dryden. To act ; to carry on operations. Milton. To operate as a manufacturer. Isaiah, xix. To ferment. Bacon. To operate ; to have effect. Rom. viii. To obtain by diligence. Shak. To act internally ; to operate as a purge, or other i physick. Brown. To act as on a subject. Addi- I son. To make way. Milton. To be tossed or) agitated. Jonah, i. To WORK, wurk. v. a. preter. and participle pass. ■worked, or wrought. To labour; to manufacture; to form by labour. Raleigh. To bring by action | into any stale. Addison. To influence by succes- { sive impulses. Bacon. To make by gradual labour, j and continued violence. Milton. To produce by la- j ixtr: to effect. 2 Cor. iv. To manage, in a state ! of motion; to put into motion. Arbuthnot. To put j to labour; to exert. Addison. To embroider with a ; needle: as, She worked an apron. Spectator. — To work out. To effect by toil. Addison. To work out. To erase ; to efface. Dryden. To work up. To raise. Dryden. To expend in any work, as materials. WORK, wurk. n.s. [peonc, Sax. ; werk, Dutch.] Toil ; labour; employment. Ecclus. xxxiii. A state of labour. Temple. Bungling attempt. Stilling- Heet. Flowers or embroidery of the needle. Spen- ser. Any fabrick or compages of art. Pope. Ac- tion ; feat; deed. Hammond. Any thing made. Donne. Operation. Digby. Effect; consequence of agency. Milton. "Management ; treatment. Shak. — To set on work. To employ; to engage. Hooker. ♦VO'RKER, wfirk'-ur. n.s. Whoever or whatever works. 1 Kings, vii. WO'RKFELLOW, wurk'-fel-lo. n. s. One engaged in the same work with another. Rom. xvi. WO'RKFOLK*, w5rk'-f6ke. n. s. Persons employed in working. Beaumont and Fletcher. WO'RKHOUSE. wurk'-hMse. ; n. s. A WO'RKINGHOUSE, wurk'-)ng-h6use. $ place in which any manufacture is carried on. Shak. A place where idlers and vagabonds are con- demned to labour. A iter bury. WO'RKING*, wurk'-Ing. n. s. Motion ; operation. Shakspeare. Fermentation. Bacon. WO'RKINGDAY, wurk'-mg-da. n. s. Day on which labour is permitted; not the sabbath : it therefore is taken for coarse and common. Shakspeare. WO'RKMAN, wurk'-man. 88. n.s. An artificer; a maker of anv thins:. Wisd. viii. WO RKMANLIKE*, wurk'-inan-like. a. Skilful ; well performed. Drayton. ^VO'RKMANLY, wurk'-man-le. a. Skilful; well performed ; workmanlike. WO'RKMANLY, wurk'-man-le. ad. Skilfully; in a manner becoming a workman. Tusser. WORKMANSHIP, wurk'man-shTp. n.s. Manu- facture; something made by any one. Spenser. The skill of a worker; the degree of skill discov- ered in any manufacture. Spenser. The art of working'. Woodward. WO'RKMASTER, work'-ma-stur. n.s. The per- former of an}' work. S]^nser. WO'RKSHOP*, wfirk'-shop. ?i.s. The place where the workman carries on his work. Dr. YVarton, WO'RKWOMAN, wurk'-wum-un. n. s. A woman skilled in needlework. Spenser. A woman that works for hire. WO'RKYDAY, wurk'-e-da. n. s. [corrupted from workingday.] A day not the sabbath. Shak. WORLDS, vvurld. 165. ?i.s. [pojilb, Sax. ; werdd, Dutch.] The great collective idea of all bodies whatever. Locke. System cf beings. Nicene Creed. The earth ; the terraqueous globe. Milton. Present state of existence. Shak. A secular life. Fiogers. Publick life ; the publick. Shak. Business of life ; trouble of life. Shak. Great multitude. Shak. Mankind; an hyperbolical expression for many: all the world is a favourite phrase. Hooker. Course of life. Richardson. Universal empire. Milton. The manners of men ; the practice of life. Shak. Every thing that the world contains. Law. A large tract of country; a wide compass of things. Cow- ley. A collection of wonders ; a wonder. Knolles. Time : a sense originally Saxon ; now only used in world tuilhout end. — In the world. In possibility. Addison. For all the icorld. Exactly : a ludicrous sense. Sidney. WO'RLDLINESS, wfirldMe-nes. n.s. Covetous- ness; addictedness to gain. WO'RLDLING, wurld'-ling. 410. n.s. A mortal set upon profit. Sidney. WO'RLDLY, wurld'-le. a. Secular; relating to this life, in contradistinction to the lile to come. Dryden. Bent upon this world; not attentive to a future- state. Milton. Human ; common ; belonging to the world. Hooker. YvO'RLDLY, wfirld'-le. ad. With relation to the present life. Raleigh. WORM§, wurm. T65. n.s. [pynm, Sax. ; xcorm, Dutch.] A small, harmless serpent that lives in the earth. Shak. A poisonous serpent. Shak. Ani- mal bred in the body. Harvey. The animal (hat spins silk. Shak. Grubs that gnaw wood and fur- niture. Shak. Something tormenting. Milton. Any thing vermiculated, or turned round ; any thing spiral : as the threads of screws, when tagger than can be made in screw-plates. Moxon. A supposed membrane or ligament under the tongue of a dog. South. To WORM, wurm. v. n. To work slowly, secretl"", and gradually. Herbert. To WORM, wurm. v. a. To drive by slow and secret means, perhaps as by a screw. Swift. To deprive a dog of something, nobody knows what, under lvs tongue, which is said to prevent him, nobody knows why, from running mad. Mortimer. WO'RMEAT*, wurnV-eet. )a. Gnawed by WO'RMEATEN, wurm'-e-tn. $ worms. Sliak Old ; worthless. Bp. Hall. WORMEA'TENNESS*, wurm-e'-tn-nes. n.s. State of being wormeaten ; rottenness. WO'RMWOOD, wurm'-wud. n.s. A plant. Miller WO'RMY, wurm'-e.a. Full of worms. Shak. Earthy ; grovelling. Bp. Reynolds. WORN, worn. part. pass, of wear. — Worn out is quite consumed. Dryden. WO'RNIL, wdr'-nfl. n. s. Maggots generated in the backs of cows in the summer. Derliam. WO'RRIER*, wur'-re-ur. n. s. One who worries or torments. Spenser. To WO'RRY£, wur'-re. 165. v. a. [pu^i^an, Sax.] To tear, or mangle, as a beast tears its prey. Shak To harass, or persecute brutally. Milton. WORSES, wurse. 165. a. The comparative of bad; bad, worss, worst, [prp.y, Sax. ; wairs, 31. Goth. More bad ; more ill. Daniel, i. WORSE, wurse. ad. In a manner more bad. Shot speare. 1026 WOR WRA — 116, m/We, ndr n6t ; —tube, tub, bull;— (ill, — p8und ; — thin, this. Hie WORSE, w&rse. n. s. The loss; not the advan- tage ; not the better. 2 Kings xiv. Something less good. Richardson. To WORSE, w&rse. v. a. To put to disadvantage. Milton. To WO'RSEN*, wur'-sn. v. a. To worse. Milton. WO'RSER, wftr'-sflr, a. A barbarous word, formed by corrupting worse with the usual comparative termination. Sha/cspeare. WORSHIPS, wiV-shfp. n.s. [peojiSj-cype, Sax.] Dignity; eminence; excellence. Spenser. A char- acter of honour. Shak. A title of honour. Shah. A term of ironical respect. Pope. Adoration ; re- ligious act of reverence. Pearson. Honour ; re- spect ; civil deference. St. Luke, xiv. Idolatry of lovers; submissive respect. Shakspeare. To WO'RSHIP, wardship, v. a. To adore ; to hon- our or venerate with religious rites. Exod. xxxiv. To respect ; to honour ; to treat with civil rever- ence. Shak. To honour with amorous respect. Carew. To WO'RSHIP, wur'-shlp. v. n. To perform acts of adoration. 1 Kings, xii. WO'RSHIPFUL, wuV-shlp-ful. a. Claiming respect by any character or dignity. South. A term of ironical respect. Shakspeare. WO'RSHIPFULLY, wiV-ship-ful-e. ad. Respect- fully. Shakspeare. WORSHIPPER, wur'-shfp-pur. n. s. Adorer 5 one that worships. South. WORST, wurst. 165. c [the superlative of bad, formed from worse : bad, worse, ivorsf] Most bad ; most ill. Locke. WORST, wurst. n. s. The most calamitous or wick- ed state; the utmost height or degree of any thing ill. Digby. To WORST, wurst. v. a. To defeat ; to overthrow. Suckling. WO'RSTED, wursMfd. 99,169.??. s. [from Worsted, a town in Norfolk, famous for the woollen manufac- ture.] Woollen yarn ; wool spun. Pope. WORT, wurt. 165. n.s. [pypfc.peopte. Sax.; worte, Dut.] Originally a general name for an "herb ; whence it still continues in many, as liverwort, spleenwort. A plant of the cabbage kind. Beau- mont and Fletcher, [pypfc, Sax.] New beer, either unfermented, or in the act of fermentation. Bacon. To WORTH, or WURTH, vtfatti. v. a. To betide ; to happen to. This word was formerly common in conjunction with wo ; as, wo worth tliee, i. e. wo be to thee. Spenser. WORTH, in the termination of the names of places, comes from popS, a court or farm, or popSig, a street or road. Gibson. WORTH §, wurt/i. 165, 467. n. s. [peopg, Sax.] Price; value. Hooker. Excellence; virtue. Sid- ney. Importance ; valuable quality. Hooker. WORTH, wurf/i. a. Equal .in price to; equal in value to. Shak. Deserving of, either in a good or bad sense. Equal in possessions to. SJiakspeare. WO'RTHILY, wur'-THe-le. ad. Suitably ; not be- low the rate of. Ray. Deservedly ; according to merit. Milton. Justly; not without cause. Hooker. WORTHINESS, wur / -Ti-re-ne ! s. n. s. Desert ; mer- it. Hooker. Excellence; dignity; virtue. Sidney. State of bein!? worthy; quality of deserving. Sidney. WORTHLESS, w&rt/i'-les. a. Having no vir Shak. rtues, Having no value. dignity, or excellence Prior". WO'RTHLESSNESS, w&W-les-nes. n. s. Want of excellence; want of dignity ; want of value. More. WO'RTHY, war'-THe. a. Deserving ; such as mer- its. Sidney. Valuable; noble ; illustrious; hav- ing excellence or dignity. Hooker. Having worth ; having virtue Shak. Not good : a term of ironi- cal commendation. Dryden. Suitable for any quali- tv, good or bad; equal in value; equal in dignity. Milicm.. Suitable to any thing bad. Shakspeare. Deserving of ill. Deut.yixv. WO'RTHY, wur'-TRe. n. s. A man laudable for any eminent quality, particularly for valour. Brown. To WO'RTHY, wfir'-THe. v. a. To render worthy 5 to aggrandize ; to exalt. Shakspeare. Ob. J. To WOT, wot. ) v. n. [pat, from pifcan, Sax.., To WOTE*, w6te. \ whence iceet, of which the prel erit was wot.] To know ; to be aware. Spenser Ob. J. $5= Mr. Elpbinston is singular in pronouncing this word [icot\ soas to rhyme it with hut ; Mr. Sheridan, Mr Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, rhyme it with not. W. WOULD, wud. 320. The preterit of will. It is gen erally used as an auxiliary verb with an infinitive, to which it gives the force of the subjunctive mood. Ray. Was or am resolved ; I wish or wished to I am or was willing. Sidney. It is a familiar term for wish to do, or to have. Shak. Should wish Waller. It is used in old authors for should. Bacon It has the signification of I wish, or I pray. Shak. WOU'LDINGjWud'-mg. n.s. Motion of desire ; dis- position to any thing ; propension; inclination; incipient purpose. Hammond. WOUND §,_w66nd, or.wSund, 315.[w6und, or wS&nd, Jones; wc-end, Fulton and. Knight.] n.s. [pund, Sax. wonde, Dutch; wunda, M. Goth.] A hurt given by violence. Shakspeare. §Cr The first pronunciation of this word, though general- ly received among the polite world, is certainly a capri- cious novelty : a novelty either generated by false criti- cism, to distinguish it "from the preterit of the verb to | wind, of which there was not the least danger of inter- ference, (see Bowl;) or more probably from an affecta- tion of the French sound of this diphthong, which, as in pour, and some other words, we find of late to have pre- vailed. The stage is in possession of this sound, and what Swift observes of newspapers, with respect to the intro- duction of new and fantastical words, may be applied to the stage, with respect to new and fantastical modea of pronunciation. (See Sigh.) That the other pronun- ciation was the established sound of this word, appears from the poets, who rhyme it with bound, found, ground, and around ; and it is still so among the great bulk of speakers, who learn this sound at school, and are obliged to unlearn it again when they come into the conversation of the polite world. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, and Mr. Elpbinston, adopt the first sound of this word; but Dr. Kenrick and W. Johnston the second; Mr. Perry gives both, but prefers the first ; and though Mr. Smith, in his vocabulary, has classed it with sound and found, he says -woond is the common pronunciation. I am. however, of Mr. Nares' opinion, who says this pronunciation ought to be entirely banished. But where is the man bold enough to risk the imputation of vulgarity by such an expulsion .' W. To WOUND, woond, or w6und. v. a. To hurt by violence. Deut. xxxii. WOUND, wound. The preterit and part. pass, of wind. Chapman. WOU'NDER, w66nd'-ur, or w6und'-ur. n.s. One that wounds. WOU'NDLESS, woSndMes. a. Exempt from wounds. Spenser. WOUNDWORT, woSnd'-wurt. n. s. A plant. Miller. WOU'NDY. a. Excessive : a low, bad word L'Estrange. WOVE, wove. The preterit and part. pass, of weave Milton. WO'VEN, wo'-vn. 103. The part. pass, of weave Shakspeare. WOX, woks. I The preterit of wax. Became WOXE, w6ks. \ Spenser. Ob. J. WO'XEN, wok'-sn. The participle of To wax Spenser. Ob. J. WRACKS, rak. n.s. [wrack, Dutch ; ppeecee, Sax. See Wreck.] Destruci : on of a ship by winds or rocks. Dryden. Ruin; destruction. Sidney. To WRACK, rak. 474. v. a. To destroy in the water; to wreck. It seems in Milton to mean to rock, to shake. Milton. To torture ; to torment : common ly written rack. Cowley. WRA'CKFUL*, rak'-ful. a. Ruinous; destructive Drayton. WRAITH*, rfah. n.s. [perhaps a corruption of swarth or swairth.l The apparition ot a person 1027 WRE WRI Q3= 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel j— pine, pin about to die, as pretended in parts of the north. Grose. To WRA'NGLE§, rang'-gl. 405. v.n. [wrang, wrangen, Teut.] To dispute peevishly 5 to quarrel perversely ; to altercate ; to squabble. Slmkspeare. WRA'NGLE, rang'-gl. n.s. A quarrel, a perverse dispute. Swift. WRANGLER, rang'-gl-ur. n. s. A perverse, peev- ish, disputative man. Shakspeai'e. To WRAP, rap. 474. v. a. pret. and part. pass. wrapped or icrapt. [wrqfjla, Dan.] To roll together; to complicate. St. John, xx. To involve; to cover with something rolled or thrown round. Dryden. To comprise ; to contain. Addison. — To wrap up. To involve totally. Shak. [often cor- ruptly written for rap or rape, from rapio, Lat.] To snatch up miraculously. Locke. To transport; to put in ecstasy : for rapt. Cowley. ftjF This word is often pronounced rop, rhyming with top, even by speakers much above the vulgar. They have a confused idea, that a preceding w makes the a broad, and do not attend to the intervening r, which bears the power of the w, and necessarily preserves the a in its short Italian sound. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, pronounce it as I have done. W. WRA'PPER, rap'-pur. 98. n.s. One that wraps. That in which any thing- is wrapped. Addison. WRA'PPING*, rap'-plng. n. s. That in which any thing' is wrapped. Bp. Rainbow. WRATH $, roth, or rath. 474. [rath, Jones, Fulton and Kniglit.'] n. s. [ppaS, Sax.] Anger; fury; rage 2 Cor. xii. 05" The first pronunciation of this word is by far the more usual, but the last is more analogical. The w has no power over the a, for the same reason as in the preceding word. A want of attending to this, and, per- haps, confounding this word with the obsolete adjec- iro wroth, are the reasons of the present currency of this erroneous pronunciation. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Smith, adopt tha first sound ; and Mr. Perry alone the last ; but, in a case where analogy is so clear, his authority ought, in my opinion, to outweigh them all. W. WRA'THFUL, r6W-ful, or ratfi'-ful. a. Angry; furious ; raging. Spenser. WRA'THFULLY, r&A'-ful-le, or ra^'-ful-le. ad. Furiously; passionately. Shakspeare. WRA'THLESS, rotfi'-l^s, orrkh'-lh. a. Free from anger?*- Waller. To WRA\Mfe*, rawl. v. n. To cry as a cat. Spenser. To WREAK §, reke. v. a. old preterit and part. pass, wroke and wroken ; now ivreaked. [pjisecan. Sax. ; wrecken, Dutch ; recken, Germ.] To revenge. Spenser. To execute any violent design. Milton. It is corruptly written for reck, to heed ; to care. Shakspeare. {£f= The diphthong in this word has the sound I have given it, in Sheridan, Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, Perry, Smith, and Barclay. W. WREAK, reke. 474. n. s. Revenge ; vengeance. Spenser. Passion; furious fit. Titus Andronicus. Ob. J. WREAKFUL, reke'-f&l. a. Revengeful; angry: not in use. Shakspeare. WREATH^, rkth, or reTHe. 467. n.s. [ppeoo\ Sax.] Any thing curled or twisted. Bacon. A garland; a chaplet. Slmkspeare. 95= I have placed what I think the best usual mode of pronouncing this word first, because I think it so much more agreeable to analogy than the second. Nouns and verbs spelled alike, and ending with a hissing con- sonant, seem, throughout the whole language, to be dis- tinguished from each other by the former giving the sharp, and the latter the fiat sound to the consonant. See Principles, No. 437, 467, 499. W. To WREATH, reTHe. v. a. pret. wreathed ; part, pass, wreathed, wreathen, [ppiSan, Sax.] To curl; to twist; to convolve. Shak. Used for to writhe. Gay. To interweave ; to entwine one in another. Exod. xxviii. To encircle, as a garland. Prior. To encircle as with a garland ; to dress in a gar- land. Dryden. To WREATH, reTHe. v. n. To be interwoven ; to be intertwined. Dryden. WRE'ATHY, re'-Ttie. a. Spiral; curled; twisted Brown. Covered with a wreath. Dryden. WRECKS, rek. 474. [See Shipwreck.] n s [ppsecce, Sax.; loracke, Dutch.] Destruction by being driven on rocks or shallows at sea; destruc tion by sea. Spenser. Dissolution by violence Milton. Ruin ; destruction. Slmk. The thing wrecked : as, The ship was considered as a wreck. Shak. Dead, undigested stems of grasses and weeds in a ploughed land. Grose. §£$=• Mr. Sheridan alone has given the sound of a to the e in this word; Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, pronounce it as I have done. W. To WRECK, rgk. v. a. To destroy by dashing on rocks or sands. Spense? . To ruin. Daniel. Used for wreak, in its different senses of revenge and ex- ecute. Shakspeare. To WRECK, rek. v. n. To suffer wreck. Milton. WRE'CKFUL*, rek'-ful. a. Causingwreck. Spenser. WREN, ren. 474. n. s. [ppenna, Sax.] A small bird. Brown. To WRENCH §, r&ish. v. a. [ppm£an, Sax.; wrengen, Dutch ; raunch, old Engl.] To pull by violence; to wrest; to force. Shak. To sprain; to distort. Shakspeare. WRENCH, rensh. 474. n. s. A violent pull or twist. A sprain. Locke. Wrenches, in Chaucer, signifies means, sleights, subtilties. Bacon. To WREST §, rest, v. a. [ppeert an, Sax.] To twist by violence; to extort by writhing or force. As- cham. To distort ; to writhe ; to force. Hooker. To wind; to screw : applied to the turning of in- struments. Skelton. WREST, r£st. 474. n. s. Distortion ; violence. Hooker. an active or moving power. Spenser. An instru- ment to tune. Laneham. WRE'STER, reV-tur. n. s. One who wrests ; one who uses a wrest. Skelton. To WRE'STLE §, reV-sl. 472. v. n. To contend who t shall throw the other down. Shak. To struggle ; ' to contend. Clarendon. To WRr/STLE*, reV-sl. v. a. To overcome in wrestling. Spenser. WRE'STLER, res'-lur. 98. n. s. One who wrestles ; one who professes the athletick art. Denham. One who contends in wrestling. Waller. WRETCH §, rhsh. n. s. [ppecca, ppcec, Sax.] A miserable mortal. Slmk. A worthless, sorry crea- ture. Sidney. It is used by way of slight, or ironi- cal pity, or contempt. Drayton. It is sometimes a word of tenderness, as we now say poor thing. Sid- ney. WRE'TCHED, reW-ecl. 3G6. a. Miserable; unhap- py. Hooker. Calamitous; afflictive. Sorry; piti- ful ; paltry ; worthless. Hooker. Despicable ; hate- fully contemptible. Sidney. WRETCHEDLY, retsh'-ed-le. ad. Miserably ; iin happily. Clarendon. Meanly ; despicably. South. WRETCHEDNESS, r&sh'-gd-nSs. n. s. Misery ; unhappiness ; afflicted state. Sidney. Pitifulness : despicableness. WRE'TCHLESS, r&sh'-les. a. [for reckless.-] Careless ; mindless ; heedless. Hammond. WRE'TCHLESSNESS, retsh'-les-nes. n. s. Care- lessness. 39 Art. of Rel. To WRIG*, rig. v. a. To move to and fro ; to rub to shake ; to put into quick motion. Skelton. To WRFGGLE §, rig'-gl. 405. v.n. [ppi^an, Sax.; ruggelen, Dutch.] To move to and fro with short motions. Tusser. To WRIGGLE, rfg'-gl. 474. r. a. To put in a quick reciprocating motion; to introduce by shifting mo- tion. Hudibras. WRFGGLE, rig'-gl. a. Pliant; flexible ; moving to and fro. Spenser. WRIGHT, rile. 293,474. n.s. [ppihfca, pyphfca, Sax.] A workman; an artificer; a maker; a manu- facturer. Chapman. To WRINGS, ring, v. a. preter. and part, pass 1028 WRI wrtr — no, mflve, nflr, nftt ; — uibe, tfib, bull ;— 6U ; — p6und y—thin, THis. wringed and wrung, [ppingan, Sax.] To twist; to turn round witli violence. Lev. i. To force by con- tortion. Judges, vi. To squeeze ; to press. Sha/c. To writhe. Sluxk. To pinch. Bacon. To force by violence; to extort. Shak. Tohaiass; to dis- tress ; to torture. Shak . To distort ; to turn to a v^rong purpose. Ascham. To persecute with ex- tortion. Haijward. To WRING, ring. 474. v. n. To writhe with anguish. Shakspeare. WRING*', ring 1 , n. s. Action of anguish. Bp. Hail. WRl'lSGER, ring' -fir. 98. ri. s. One who squeezes the water out of clothes. Shakspeare. WRl'NKLE $, ringk'-kl. 405. n.s. [ppmcle, Sax.; wrinkel. Dutch.] Corrugation or furrow of the skin or the face. Shak. Rumple of cloth. Any rough- ness. To WRl'NKLE, rlngk'-kl. v. a. [pnmchan, Sax.] To corrugate ; to contract into furrows. Shak. To make rough or uneven. Milton. WRISTS, rist. 474. n. s. [pyjrrt, Sax.] The joint by which the hand is joined to the arm. Brown. WRI'STBAND, rist'-band. n. s. The fastening of the shirt at ihe hand. Beaumont and Fletcher. WRIT, rlt. 474. n. s. Any thing written ; scripture : this sense is now chiefly used in speaking of the Bible. Hooker. A judicial process, by which any one is summoned as an offender. Prior. A legal instrument. Shakspeare. WRIT, rlt. The preterit of write. Prior. WRI'TATIVE, rl'-la-tiv. a. Disposed to write. Pope. To WRITE §, rite. v. a. pret. writ, or wrote; part, pass, written, writ, or wrote. [priitan, appitan, Sax. ; rita, Icel. ; writs, Goth.] To express by means of letters. Shak. To engrave ; to impress. Locke. To produce as an author. Granville. To tell by letter. Prior. To WRITE, rite. 474. v. n. To perform the act of writing. Shak. To play the author. Shak. To tell in books. Shak. To send letters. 1 Esdr. To call one's self; to be entitled ; to use the style of. Ayliffe. To compose ; to form compositions. Wal- ler. WRI'TER, rl'-tfir. 98. n. s. One who practises the art of writing. An author. Bacon. To WRITHE §, riTHe. 467. v. a. [pjnSan, Sax.] To distort ; to deform with distortion. Sfuxk. To twist with violence. Milton. To wrest; to force by violence ; to torture ; to distort. Hooker. To twist. Dryden. To .WRITHE, rime. v.n. To be convolved with agony or torture. Addison. To WRl'THLE, riTH'-THl. v. a. [from writhe.} To wrinkle ; to corrugate. P. Fletcher. Ob. J. WRI'TING, rl'-tlng. 410. n. s. A legal instrument : as, the writings of an estate. Seller. A compo- sure ; a book. Hooker. A written paper of any kind. Shakspeare. WRl'TINGMASTER, rl'-tlng-ma'-slur. n. s. One who teaches to write. Dryden. WRI'TTEN, rit'-tn. 103. The participle passive of write. Holder. WRl'ZZLED*. riz'-zld. a. [perhaps a corruption of urrithle.] Wrinkled. Spenser. WRO'KUN, r6'-kn. The part. pass, of To wreak Spenser. WRONGS, rong. n. s. [pnan&, Sax.] An injury; a designed or known detriment j not right ; not jus tice. Sidney. Errour; not right; not truth. Ros common. WRONG, rong. 474. a. Not morally right; not just ; not agreeable to propriety or truth ; not true. Sid- ney. Not physically right ; unfit ; unsuitable. Rich- ardson. Acting improperly. Young. WRONG, r6ng. ad. Not %hlly; amiss. Eccl. iv. To WRONG, rong. v a- To injure; to use unjustly, either by doing injury, or imputing evil without justice. Hooker. WRONG DO'ER,rong'-d66-ur. n.s. An injurious person. Sidney. [RO'NGER, 'r6ng'-ur. 98, 409. n. s. He that in- jures ; he that does wrong. Raleigh. WRO'NGFUL, rong'-ful. a. Injurious; unjust. Bp. Taylor. WRd'NGFULLY, r&ng'-ful-e. ad. Unjustly. Sidney. WRO'NGHEAD, rong'-hed. ; a. {wrong and WRONGHE'ADED, rong-hed'-ed. \ head.] Hav a perverse understanding. Pope. 'NGLESSLY, riW'-l£s-le. ad. WI WRO' Without inju ry to any. Sidney. WRO'NGLY, rong'-le. ad. Unjustly; amiss. Shak. WRO'NGNESS*, r6ng'-nes. n.s. Wrong disposition. Butler. WROTE, r6te. pret. and part, of write. Written is now generally used for the participle. South. * WROTH, rbth. a. [ppseft. Sax.] Angry. Gen. iv. WROUGHT, rawt. 319, 393. [ppohfc, Sax. The pret. and part. pass, as it seems, of tvork.] Effect- ed ; performed. St. Matt. xxvi. Influenced : pre- vailed on. SJuik. Produced ; caused. Milton, Worked; laboured. Bar. iii. Gained ; attained. Shak. Operated. Mili.on. Used in labour. Deut. xxi. Worked ; driven. Bacon. Actuated. Dry- den. Manufactured. Raleigh. Formed. 2 Cor. "v. Excited by degrees ; produced by degrees. Chap- man. Guided ; managed. Milton. Agitated; dis- turbed. Shakspeare. WRUNG, rung. The pret. and part, passive of wring. Chapman. WRY §, ri. 474. a. [from writhe.~\ Crooked ; deviat ing from the right direction. Sidney. Distorted Arbuthnot. Wrung ; perverted j wrested. Atler bury. To WRY, ri. v. n. To be contorted and writhed ; to deviate from the right direction. Shakspeare. To WRY, rl. v. a. To make to deviate ; to distort, Robinson. WRYNECK, rl'-nfek. n. s. A bird. Rev. G. White. WRY'NESS*, rl'-nes. n. s. State of being wry ; de viation from the right way. W. Mountague. XEB XER XIs a letter, which, though found in Saxon words, begins no word in the English language. Dr. Johnson. — An attempt has lately been made to introduce, from the French, the last of three or four words [those marked thus *] : two seem to have been once received ; and ihe sea term is yet in use. Todd. 0^= It may be observed, that in words from the Greek, where cc is initial, it is always pronounced like z. For the true pronunciation of this letter, when medial or final in English words, see Principles, No. 476. W. X*. The numeral letter for ten. XE'BEO*, ze'-bek. n. s. [a sea term] A small three- masted vessel, navigated in the Mediterranean. Chambers. 67 XENO'DOCHY* ze-nod'-o-ke. n. s. [&oSo X ia.-) Reception of strangers; hospitality. Cockeram. XEROCOLLYRlUMt, ze-r6-k6l-lir'-re-um. n. s. A dry plaster for sore eyes. XERODES t, ze-ro'-dez. n. s. Anv tumour attended with dryness. XEROM'IRUMt, zer^-ml'-rum. 503. n.s. A dry- ing ointment. XERO'PHAGY*, ze-r6f -a-je. 518. n. s. [xeropha^ie, Fr. ; Znpbs and dropping or swelling. XIP XYS IC? 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met;— pine, pic 503. n XEROTES t, ze-ro'-tez, disposition of body. XIPHIASt, z?P-e-as. n. *. comet shaped like a sword. XIPHOIDESt,zc-f3e'-dez. n.s. The pointed, sword like cartilage or gristle of the breast bone. A dry habit or The sword fish ; also a XYLOBALSAMUMf, zl-l6-bai'-su-mum. n.s. The wood of the balsam-tree. XYLOGRAPHY*, zfl-6g'-ra-fe. n. s. [{tfXov and ypdd>u).] The art of engraving on wood. XYSTER t, zis'-tur. n. s. A surgeon's instrument to scrape and shave bones with. YEA YEL YAt the beginning of words, is commonly taken, •) though perhaps erroneously, for a consonant ; at the end, and when it follows a consonant, it is a vowel, and has the sound of i. It is used at the end of words, and whenever two i i's would come together ; and in words derived from the Greek, to express the u. Y was much used by the Saxons, whence y is found for i in the old English writers. Y is, in old English, sometimes prefixed as an in- creasing syllable to preterits and passive participles of verbs. It seems borrowed from ge, the Saxon augmenlum of the preterit. 180, 482. YACHT, yot. 356. n. s. [a Dutch word.] A small ship for carrying passengers. Cook's Voyage. 05 s * This word is pronounced as I have marked it by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Smith; Dr. Kenrick pronounces it yat, rhym'ng it with hat ,• and Mr. Barclay yaut, rhyming with nought. W. YAM*, yam. n. s. A root that grows in America and the South Sea islands. Cook's Voyage. To YAP*, yap. v. n. [a contraction of yelp.] To bark. L' Estrange. YARD, yard. 78. n. s. [^eapb, Sax.] Enclosed ground adjoining to a house. Brown, [j^epb, Sax.] A measure of three feet. Bacon. The sup- ports of the sails. Dryden. YA'RDLAND*, yard'-land. n. s. [yard and land.] A quantity of land, various, according to the place : as, at Wimbledon in Surrey it is but fifteen acres ; in other counties, twenty; in some, twenty-four; in some, thirty; and in others, forty acres. Cowel. YA'RDWAND, yard'-wond. n. s. A measure of a yard. Collier. YARE, yare. a. [geappe, Sax.] Ready; dexterous; nimble ; eager. Sliakspeare. YA'RELY, yare'-le. ad. Dexterously ; skilfully. SJiak. To YARK*. See To Ykrk. YARN, yarn. 78. n. s. [£eapn, Sax.] Spun wool ; woollen thread. Sliakspeare. To YARR, yar. v. n. [from the sound.] To growl, or snarl like a dog. Ainsworth. YA'RROW, yar'-r6. 81. n. s. A plant. Drayton. YATE*. n.s. feeafc, Sax.] Still our northern word for gate ; pronounced yet, or yat. Spenser. YAW*, yaw. n. s. The unsteady motion which a ship makes in a great swell, when, in steering, she in- clines to the right or left of her course. Gifford. YAWL, or YAUL* yawl. 219. n. s. A little vessel belonging to a ship, for convenience of passing to and from it. Lfrummond. To YAWL*, yawl. v. n. See To Yell. To cry out. Fairfax. To YAWN §, yawn. 219. v. n. feeonan, Sax.] To gape j to oscitate ; to have the mouth opened invol- untarily by fumes, as in sleepiness. Sliak. To open wide. Shak. To express desire by yawning. Hooker. If AWN, yawn. n. s. Oscitation. Pope. Gape; hiatus. Addison. YA'WNING, yawn'-ing. 410. a. Sleepy; slumber- ing. Sliakspeare. YCLA'D, e-klad'. part, for clad. Clothed. Shak. YCLE'PED, e-klept'. [clepan, Sax.] Called; term- ed ; named. Milton. YDRA'D, e-drad 7 . part. pass, of To dread. Spenser. YE, ye. The nominative plural of thou. YEA, ye. 227. [ya, Jones; ya or ye, Fulton and Knight] ad. [ea, or ftea, Sax.] Yes. A par- ticle of affirmation • »neaning, It is so, or, Is it so 1 Gen. iii. A particle by which the sense is intended or enforced : not only so, but more than so. Shak. $3= Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. Johnston, Mr. Smith, and Mr. Fry, pronounce this word so as to rhyme witfe nay, pay, &c. But Steele or Brightland, Dr. Jones who wrote The JVew Art of Spelling in Queen Anne's time, Dr. Kenrick and Mr. Perry, pronounce it like the pre- noun ye. Though so many are against me, I do not hesitate to pronounce the latter mode the best ; first, as it is more agreeable to the general sound of the diph- thong; next, as it is more related to its familiar substi- tute yes ; and, lastly, unless my memory greatly fails me, because it is always so pronounced when contrast- ed with nay ; as in that precept of the Gospel, " Let your communication be yea, yea, and nay, nay." W. To YEAD, or YEDE, y£ed. v. n. preterit yode. [Xeob, Sax.] To go ; to march. Spenser. Ob. J. ToYEAN.yene. 227. v.n. [gaman, Sax.] To bring young. Dryden. YE'ANED*, yeend. part. a. Brought forth as a lamb. Fletcher. YE'ANLING, yene'-lfng. 410. n. s. The young of sheep. Sliakspeare. YEAR §, yere. 227. n. s. [£eaji, Sax.] Twelve months, or three hundred sixty-five days. Watts. It is often used plurally, without a plural termina- tion. Shak. Tin the plural.] Old age. Bacon. YE'ARED*, \eerd. a. Containing ^ears; number ing years. B. Jonson. YE ARBOOK*, yere'-b66k. n. s. Law reports pub- lished annually. Blackstone. YEARLING, yere'-llng. 410. a. Being a year old. Pope. YE'ARLY, yereMi. a. Annual; happening every year; lasting a year. Sliakspeare. YE'ARLY, yere'-le. ad. Annually; once a year. Dryden. To YEARN §, yern. 234. v. n. feypnan, geopjiian, Sax.] To feel great internal uneasiness : it implies tenderness or pity. Spenser. To YEARN, yern. v. a. To grieve ; to vex. Shak. YE'ARNFUL*, yern'-ful. a. Mournful. Damon and Pythias. Ob. T. YE'ARNING*, yern'-Jng. n. s. Act or state of being moved with pity or tenderness. Calamy. YEAST. SeeYEST. YELK, yglk. n. s. [^ealepe, Sax.] The yellow part of the egg : commonly pronounced and often written yolk. Bacon. fgf* It is commonly pronounced, says Johnson, and often written, yolk. To which we may add, that, when tho word is so written, the I is silent, and the word pro- nounced yoke. But Johnson seems justly to have pre- ferred the former mode of writing and pronouncing this word, as more agreeable both to etymology and the best usage. W. To YELL §, yeU v. n. [tfyllan, Sax. ; yla, Su. Goth, and Icel.; v\aw, Gr. ; ululo, Lat.] To cry out with horrour and agony. Spenser. To YELL*, yell v. a. To utter with a yell. Shak. YELL, yell. n. s. A cry of horrour. Sliakspeare. YE'LLOW §, yelM6. a. fcealep, Sax.] Being of a bright, glaring colour, as gold. MiUon. J)^f Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Scott, Dr. Jones, and Mr. Fry, pronounce this word as if written yallow, rhyming with talloio. But Dft Kenrick, W. Johnston, Mr. Smith, and Mr. Perry, preserve the e in its pare sound, and rhyme tho word with mellow. The latter mode is, in my opinion, clearly the best, both as more agreeable to analogy, and the best >sage ; for I am much deceived if the former pronunciation do not bo der closely on the vulgar. W. 1030 YES VEX — no, move, n6r, not; — tube, tftb, bull ; — oil ; — p6&nd; — th'm, th'is. YE'LLOW* yel'-lo. n.s. Yellow colour. Newton. To YE'LLOW*, yeT-16. v. a. To render yellow. Shakspeare. To YE'LLOW*, yeT-16. v. n. To giow yellow. Dyer. YE'LLOWBOY, yelM6-bde. n. 5. A gold coin : a very low word. Arbuihnot. YE'LLOWGOLDS*, yel'-l6-g6ldz. n. s. A flower. B. Jonson. YE'LLOWHAMMER, yel'-ld-ham-mfir. n.s. A bird. YE'LLOWISH, yeF-16-fsh. a. Approaching to yel- low. Woodward. YE'Lt^OWISHNESS, yel'-lo-lsh-nes. n. s. The quality of approaching to yellow. Boyle. FE'LLOWNESS, yel'-to-nes. n. s. The quality of being vellow. Bacon. Jealousy. Shakspeare. YE'LLOWS, yeT-l6ze. n.s. A disease in horses. Farrier's Diet. To YELP, yelp. v.n. [£ealpan. Sax.] To bark as a beagle-hound after his prey. Fulke. YEO MAN §, y6'-man. 260. n. s. [gumr, Goth. ; £u- raa, Sax.] A man of a small estate in land ; a far- mer; gentleman farmer. Locke. A kind of title given to soldiers ; whence we have still yeomen of tne guard. Spenser. It was probably a freeholder not advanced to the rank of a gentleman. Sliak. It seems to have had likewise the notion of a gen- tleman servant. Spenser. QCf* Junius gives us a great variety of derivations of this word, but seems most to approve of that from gaeman in the old Frisick, signifying a countryman or villager; and this word is derived farther by Junius from the Greek yaia, yatr/, yrj, which, he tells us, does not only signify the earth in general, but any great portion of land. Bkinner says it may be derived from the Anglo-Saxon gemane, or the Teutonick gemein, a common man, or one of the commonalty; or from eoweman, a shepherd; from goodman, an appellation given to inferiour people ; from gemana, a companion ; from geongman, a young man ; from jeman, an ordinary man, or any body, like the Spanish hidalgo ; but he prefers its derivation from the Anglo-Saxon guma, a painful or laborious man. - But, however widely etymologists are divided in the deri- vation of this word, orthoepists are not less different in their pronunciation of it. Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, Mr. Coote, (author of the Elements of Grammar,) Steele's Grammar, (published in Queen Anne's time,) Mr. Barclay, Mr. Smith, and Buchanan, pronounce it with the diphthong short, as if written ySmman ; Dr. Kenrick pronounces it as if written yumman ; Mr. El- phinston (who quotes Langham, the famous reformer of orthography in Queen Elizabeth's time, for the same pronunciation) sounds the eo like ee ; and Dr. Jones, the author of The New Art of Spelling, in Queen Anne's time, pronounces it in the same manner. To which we may add Ben Jonson, who says, that yeoman, people, and jeopardy, were truer written yeman, peple. jepardy. But W. Johnston, Mr. Perry, Entick, and Fry, [also Jones, Fulton and Knight,] pronounce the eo like long open 0, as if written ydman: and this last appears to me to be the most received pronunciation. It is that which we constantly hear applied to the king's body guard, and it is that which ha3 always been the pro- nunciation on the stage; an authority which, in this case, may not, perhaps, improperly be called the best echo of the publick voice. I well remember hearing Mr. Garrick pronounce the word in this manner, in a speech in King Lear: " Tell me, fellow, is a madman a gentleman, or a ydman ?" W. iTEO'MANLY*, yd'-man-le. a. Ot or belonging to a yeoman. B. Jonson. YEO'MANRY, y6'-man-re. 260. n. s. The collective body of yeomen. Bacon. 7b YERK f. yerk. v. a. [probably of the same as jerk.] To throw out or move with a spring. A leaping horse is said to yerk, when he flings and kicks with his whole hind quarters. Farrier's Diet. To lash ; to strike; to beat. Spenser. To Y"ERK*, yerk. v. n. To move as with jerks. Beaumont and Fletcher. YERK ; y£rk. n. s. A quick motion. To YERN, yern. v. a. See Yearn. YES, yk 101. ad. [^i r e, Sax.] A term of affirma- tion i the affirmative particle opposed to no. More. It is a word of enforcement : even so j not only »> f but more. Bacon. $Cr This word is wom into a somewhat slenderer sound than what is authorized by the .jrthography ; but e and i are frequently interchangeable, and few changes can be better established than this. W. Johnston anJ Mr. Perry are the only orthoepists, who give the sound of the vowels, that do not mark this change ; but Mr. Sher- idan, Mr. Scott, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, Mr. Smith, and Dr. Jones, in his JVeic Art of Spelling, confirm this change, and rhyme it with hiss, miss, bliss, &c. — See Been and Despatch. W. YEST $," ygst. n.s. [$ej*t, Sax.] The foam, spume or flower of beer in fermentation ; barm. Hudi- bras. The spume on troubled water ; foam ; froth. Shakspeare. $5= Dr. Johnson has very properly spelled this word yest, from the Saxon gest, and not yeast, a3 we sometimes see it ; and this spelling decides its pronunciation. Dr. Jones spells it yeast, and gives the diphthong its long sound ; Mr. Nares pronounces the word in the same manner, but spells it yest ; Dr. Kenrick spells it yest, but rhymes it with mist ; Mr. Barclay pronounces it yeest ; Mr. Perry writes it ylast and yZst ; but Mr. Sher- idan. Mr. Scott, and Mr. Smith, write it as Dr. Johnson has done, and pronounce it as I have done ; and, I think, not only more agreeable to analogy, which forbids us to pronounce the e long, when followed by st in the same syllable, (see Lest ;) but, if I mistake not, more conso- nant to polite usage. The vulgar do not only pro- nounce the diphthong long, but sink the y, aud reduce the word to east. W. YE'STERy, yeV-tur. a. [Sej-fcejin, Seftepan, Sax. ; hesternus, Lat. ; hestern, old Engl.] Being next before the present day. It is not often used but in composition with another word, as day ot night. Drvden. YESTERDAY, yes'-tflr-da. n. s. [Sept jianbae£, Sax.] The day last past ; the day next before to- day. Job, viii. 95" Though yes, from its continual use, is allowably worn into the somewhat easier sound of yis, there is no reason why yesterday should adopt the same change , and, though I cannot pronounce this change vulgar, since Mr. Sheridan, Dr. Kenrick, Mr. Nares, and Mr. Scott, have adopted it, I do not hesitate to pronounce the regular sound, given by W. Johnston, as the more correct and agreeable to the best usage. W. YE'STERDAY, yes'-tur-da. ad. On the day last past. Bacon. YESTERNIGHT, yeV-tur-nlte. n. s. The night be- fore this night. YESTERNIGHT, yeV-tar-nlte. ad. On the night last past. Shakspeare. YE'STY,yeV-te. a. [yj-i£, Sax.] Frothy; spumy foamy. Shakspeare. YET, yet. conjunct, [tfyfc, £efc, £eta, Sax.] Nev- ertheless; notwithstanding; however. Daniel. $5= The e in this word is frequency changed by incorrect speakers into i ; but, though this change is agreeable to the best and most established usage in the word yes, in yet it is the mark of incorrectness and vulgarity. Dr. Kenrick is the only orthoepist who gives any counte- nance to this incorrectness, by admitting it as a second pronunciation; but Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Scott, W. John- ston, Mr. Perry, and Mr. Smith, give the regular Bound only. W. YET§, yet. ad. Beside ; over and above. Atterbury Still ; the state still remaining the same. Addison Once again. Pope. At this time ; so soon ; hither to : with a negative before it. Bacon. At least j at all. Baker, ft denotes continuance and extension, greater or smaller : as, a little longer, yet a little longer. Dryden. Still ; in a new degree : as, yet blacker. L' Estrange. Even ; after all : a kind of emphatical addition to a negative. Wliitgift. Hitherto : sometimes with as before it. Hooker. YE'VEN, forgiven. Spenser. YEW§, y66. n. s. [ip, Sax. ; yxo, Welsh.] A tree of tough wood, used for bows, and planted in church- yards. Miller. YE'WEN, yoo'-n. a. Made of the wood of yew Spenser. YEXy, yeks. n. s. [hick, hickse. Belg. ; 5eoC]«un£ Sax.] The hiccough. Holland, 1031 YOU YUX UlT 559.— Fate, far, fail, fat;— me, met;— pine, pin ;- y£ks. v. n. To have the hiccough. Hu- ad. [ypepe, Sax.] Together. To YEX loot. WE'RE, e-fere To%TLELD§, yeeld. 275. v. a. feelban, Sax.] To produce ; to give in return for cultivation or labour. Gen. iv. To produce in general. Job, xxiv. To afford ; to exhibit. Sidney. To give as claimed of right. Milton. To allow ; to concede. Hammond. To permit ; to grant. Dryden. To emit ; to expire. Gen. xlix. To resign} to give up. Sidney. To surrender. Knolles, To YIELD, yeeld. v. n. To give up the contest ; to submit. Daniel. To comply with any person, or motive power. Hooker. To comply with things required or enforced. Bacon. To concede ; to ad- mit ; to allow; not to deny. Hakevbill. To give place as inferiour in excellence or any other quali- ty. Dryden. YIE'LDABLENESS* yeeld'-a-bl-ness. n.s. Dispo- sition to concede or comply with. Bp. Hall. YIE'LDANCE*, yeeld'-anse. n. s. Act of producing. Bp. Hall. Act of complying with ; concession. Bp. Hill. YIE'LDfcR, yeeld'-ur. n. s. One who yields. Shak. YIELDING*, yeeld'-lng. n. s. Act of giving up ; submission. Sliakspeare. YIELDINGLY*, yeeld'-fng-le. ad. With compli- ance. Warner. YIE'LDINGNESS^yeeld'-fng-nes. n.s. Disposition to give up any point. Ld. Halifax. Quality of yielding. Foley. YOKEy, y6ke. n. s. [£eoc, Sax. ;jock, Dutch.] The bandage placed on the neck of draught oxen. Numb. xix. A mark of servitude ; slavery. Shak. A chain ; a link ; a bond. Dryden. A couple ; two ; a pair : it is used in the plural with the singu- lar termination. Shakspeare. To YOKE, y6ke. v. a. To bind by a yoke to a car- riage. Dryden. To join or couple with another. Shakspeare. To enslave; to subdue. Shakspeare. To restrain ; to confine. Bacon. To YOKE*, y6ke. v. n. To be joined together. Mil- ton. YOKE-ELM, yoke'-elm. n. s. A tree. Ainsworih. YOKEFELLOW, y6ke'-feM-l6. ) n. s. Companion YO'KEMATE, yoke'-mate. S in labour. Shak. Mate; fellow; commonly partner in marriage. Hudibras. YOLD, for xjielded. Spenser. Obsolete. YOLK, yoke. n. s. See Yelk. The yellow part of an egg. Ray. To YOLP*. See To Yelp. YON, y6n. -} a. [fteonb, Sax.] Being YOND, y6nd. > at a distance within YO'NDER, yon'-dfir. 98.) view. Bacon. §£f There is a vulgar pronunciation of this word in Lon- donj as if written yander. This cannot be too carefully avoided. W. YON, y&n. ^ ad. At a distance within YOND, y6nd. > view : it is used when we YO ; NDER, y6n'-dur. ) direct the eye from an- other thing to the object. Shakspeare. YOND, yond. a. Mad ; furious : perhaps transported with rage ; under alienation of mind : in which sense it concurs with the rest. Spenser. YORE, or of Yore, y6re. ad. [Seo^apa, Sax.] Long. Spenser. Of old time ; long ago Dray- ton. YOU, yoo. 8, 315. pron. [eop, iuh, Sax. ; of £e, ye.] The oblique case of ye. Eph. iii. It is used in the nominative in'common language, when the address is to persons; and, though first introduced by cor- ruption, is now established. Dryden. It is the cer- emonial word for the second person singular, and is always used, except in solemn language. Prior. It is used indefinitively, as the French on; any ono? whosoever. Addison. You is used in the sub- s. A young per- son : in contempt. sequent members of a sentence, as distinguished from ye. Pope. YOUNG §, yung. a. [ion£, yeon£, Sax.; Jong, Dutch.] Being in the first part of life ; not old : used of animal life. Careio. Ignorant ; weak. Sliak. It is sometimes applied to vegetable life : as, young trees. Bacon. YOUNG, yung. 314. n. s. The offspring of animal* collectivelv. Shakspeare. YOUNGIS'fyyungMsh. 381. a. Somewhat your.g. Toiler. YOUNGLING, yung'dlng. 410. n. s. [yeon£hn$, Sax.] Any creature in the first part of life. Spenser. YOUNGLY* yung'-le. a. Youthful. Goiuer. YOU'NGLY, yung'-le. 381. ad. Early in life. Shak. Ignorantly ; weakly. YOU NGSTER, yung'-st&r. ) n YOU'NKER, yungk" ur. 98. \ Sh/xkspeare. YOUNGTH, yungth. n. s. Youth. Spenser. Ob. J. YOUR, yoor. pronoun, [eopep, Sax.] Belonging to you : it is used properly when we speak to more than one, and ceremoniously and customarily when to only one. Shak. Your is used in an indeter- minate sense : as, among your antiquaries. Felton. Yours is used when the substantive goes before or is understood : as, This is your book, This book is yours. Shakspeare. 05= This word is nearly under the same predicament as the pronoun my. When the emphasis is upon this word, it is always pronounced full and open, like the noun ewer : as, " The moment I had read your letter I sat down to write mine ;" but when it is not emphati- cal, it generally sinks into yur, exactly like the last syl- lable of law-yer : as, " I had just answered yur first let- ter as yur last arrived." Here, if we were to say, " I had just answered your first letter as your last arrived." with your sounded full and open like ewer, as in the former sentence, every delicate ear would be offended. This obscure sound of the possessive pronoun your al- ways takes place when it is used to signify any species of persons or things in an indeterminate sense. Thus Addison, speaking of those metaphors which profes- sional men most commonly fall into, says, " Your men of business usually have recourse to such instances as are too mean and familiar." — Spectator, No. 421. W. YOURSE'LF, yur-self. n.s. You, even you ; ye, not others. Shak. In the oblique cases it has the sense of reciprocation, or reference lo the same subject mentioned before : as, You love only yourself: You have betrayed yourselves by your rashness. Law. It is sometimes reciprocal in the nominative : as, Be but yourselves. Pope. §£$= The pronunciation of your in this word is a confir- mation of the observations on the foregoing word- W. YOUTH §, ybbth. n. s. [yeoftuc?, Sax.] The part of life succeeding to childhood and adolescence ; the time from fourteen to twenty-eight. Raleigh. A young man. Shakspeare. Young men : collective- ly. B. Jonson. YOU'THFUL, y66W-f&l. a. Young. Shak. Suit- able to the first part of life. Milton. Vigorous as in youth. Bentley. YOUTHFULLY, yoStft'-ful-e. ad. In a youthful manner. YOU'THLY, yhUh'-\h. a. Young; early in life. Spenser. Ob. J. YOU THY, yffith'-h. 381. a. Young; youthful. Spec tutor. YPFGHT. part, [y and pight, from pitch.'} Fixed. Spenser. To YUCK, yuk. v. n. [jeucken, Dut.] To itch. Grose. YULE, yule. n. s. [ful, Su. Goth. ; fule, Dan. ; Jot, Icel. ; £eol, Sax.] A word adopted, and formerly much in use, for the times of Christmas and Lam- mas. Hammond. YUX, yuks. n. s. [yeox, Sax. See Yex.] The hi* cough. 1032 ZEN ZOO — - no, move, nor, n6t;— tube, tub, bull ;— Sil ;— pound ;—th\n, THis. zaf-ffir. n. s. A mass made of the calx of cobalt powdered Wanting zeal. Bacon-. Fuller. Ham- ZIs found in the Saxon alphabets, set down by grammarians, but is read in no word originally Teutonick : its sound is uniformly that of a hard s. No word of English original begins with z. #3~ For the true name of this letter, see Principles, No. ZA'FFAR ZA'FFIR, fine, mixed with three times its weight of powdered flints : this from its hardness has been mistaken for a native mineral. Hill. ZA'NY$, z;V-ne. n. s. [zanni, Ital.] One employed to raise laughter by his gestures, actions, and ^speeches ; a merry-andrew ; a buffoon. Shak. To ZA'NY*, za'-ne. v. a. To mimick. Beaumont and Fletche", ZA'RNICH, zar'-ntk. n. s. A substance in which or- piment is found. Hill. ZEA*. ze. h. s. A kind of corn. Chambers. ZEAL§, zele. n. s. [^fj\og, Gr. ; zelus, Lat.] Passion- ate ardour for any person or cause. Hooker. To ZEAL*, zele. v. n. To entertain zeal. Ob. T. ZEA'LED*, zeeld. a. Filled with zeal. Ob. T. ZEA'LLESS*, zele'-les mond. ZEA'LOT, z&'-flt, or ze'-l&t. 235. n.s. [zeloteur, Fr. ; fyXurris, Gr.] One passionately ardent in any cause : generally used in dispraise. While. §£r There are few words better confirmed by authority in their departure from the sound of their simple than this and zealous. Dr. Asli and Bailey are the only lexicographers, who (if we may judge by the posi- tion of the accent) give the long sound to this word, as in zeal ; and even these give the short sound tozealous. Dr. Kenrick gives both sounds to both words, but pre- fers the short sound by placing it first; but Mr.Elphin- ston, Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Nares, Mr. Smith, Mr. Perry, Barclay, and Entick, give both these words the short sound. As the word zealous may either come from the Latin zelus, or rather zelosus, or be a formative of our own from zeal,a.s villanous, libellous, &.C., from villahi, libel, &c, analogy might very allowably be pleaded for the long sound of the diphthong; and, if custom were less decided, T should certainly give my vote for it ; but, as propriety of pronunciation may be called a compound ratio of usage and analogy, the short sound must in this case be called the proper one. — See Knowledge, and Principles, No. 515. W. ZEA'LOTRY*, zel'-ut-re. n. s. Behaviour of a zealot. Bp. Taylor. ZEA'LOUS, zel'-us, or ze'-l&s. a. Ardently passion- ale in any cause. Bp. Taylor. ZEA'LOUSLY, zeF-fis-le, or ze'-lus-le. ad. With passionate ardour. Milton. ZEA'LOUSNESS, zeT-us-nes, or zi'-lus-ngs. n. s. The quality of being zealous. ZE'BRA*, ze'-bra. n. s. An Indian ass, naturally striped. Haivkes worth. ZF/CHIN, tshe-keen^ n.s. [from Zecha, ; a place in Venice where the mint is settled for coinage.] A gold coin worth about nine shillings sterling. ZED, zed, or fz'-ztird. n.s. The name of the letter z. Sha/cspcare. Jt5= For the proper name of this letter, see Principles, No. 483. TV. ZE'DOARY, zed'-6-a-re. n.s. [zedoaire, Fr.] A spi- cy plant, somewhat like ginger in its leaves, but of a sweet scent. Bp. Hall. ZF/NITH, z.V-iA/2. n.s. [Arabick.] The point over head opposite to the nadir. Brown. $y* I never once called in doubt the pronunciation of this word, till I was told that mathematicians general'y made the first syllable short. Upon consulting our or- thoepists, I find all who have the word, and who give the quantity of the vowels, make the e long, except En- tick. Thus Sheridan, Kenrick, Scott, Buchanan, VV. Jolmston, and Perry, pronounce it long; and, if this ma- jority were not so great and so respectable, the analogy of words of this form ought, to decide. — See Principles, No. 544. — See Clef and Construe. W. ZE'PHYR, zef -f er. 543. ) n. s. [zephyrus, Lat.] ZE'PHYRUS, zef'-fer-us. \ The west wind ; and. poetically, any calm, soft wind. Milton. ZEST§, zest, n. s. The peel of an orange squeezed into wine. A relish ; a taste added. Young. To ZEST, ze*st. v. a. To heighten by an additional relish. ZETE'TICK, ze-teY-?k. 509. a. [from ^rfoi] Pro J ceedingby inquiry. ZEU'GMA, ziig'-ma. 92. n.s. [from $evyua.] A figure in grammar, when a verb agreeing with di- vers nouns, or an adjective with divers substan- tives, is referred to one expressly, and to the other by supplement ; as, Lust overcame shame, boldness fear, and madness reason. ZIG-ZAG £*, z?g'-zag. 71. s. A iine with sharp and quick turns. Pope. ZIG-ZAG*, zfg'-zag. a. Having sharp and quiek turns. Gnwes. To ZIG-ZAG*, zTg'-zag. v. a. To form into sharp and quick turns. Warton. ZINC*, zfngk. 408. n. s. A semi-metal of a brilliant white colour approaching to blue. Cronstadt. ZO'CLE, z6 / -kl. n. s. [In architecture.] A small sort of stand or pedestal, being a low, square piece or member, serving to support a busto, statue, or the like, that needs to be raised ; also a low, square member, serving to support a column, instead of a pedestal, base, or plinth. Did. ZODIACAL*, zo-di'-a-kal. a. Relating to the zodi- ack. Brown. ZO'DIACK$, z6'-de-ak, or z6'-je-ak. 293, 294, 376 n. s. [zodiaque, Fr. ; faSiaxbs, Gr.] The track of the sun through the twelve signs ; a great circle of the sphere, containing the twelve signs. Bentley. It is used by Milton for a girdle. ZONE§, zone. n. s. [£wvr/, Gr. ; zona, Lat.] A girdle. Milton. A division of the earth. The whole sur- face of the earth is divided into five zones : the first is contained between the two tropicks, and is called the torrid zone. There are two temperate zones, and two frigid zones. The northern temperate zone is terminated by the tropick of Cancer and the arc- tick polar circle : the southern temperate zone is contained between the tropick of Capricorn and the polar circle : the frigid zones are circumscribed by the polar circles, and the poles are in their cen tres. Suckling. Circuit ; circumference. Milton. ZO'INED*, z6nd. a. Wearing a zone. Pope. ZOO'GRAPHER, z6-6g'-gra-fur. n.s. [far) and ypdfpu).] One who describes the nature, properties, and forms of animals. Brown. ZOO'GRAPHY, z6-6g'-gra-fe. 518. n.s. A descrip- tion of the forms, natures, and properties of animals. Glanville. ZOOLOGICAL*, z6-6-l6d'-je-kal. a. Describing living creatures. ZOO'LOGIST*, z6-6F-l6-j?st. n. s. One who treats of living creatures. Johnson. ZOO'LOGY, zo-ol'-li-je. 518. n. s. [@ov and Xdyoj.] A treatise concerning living creatures. Johnson. ZOOPHO'RICK Column, z6-6-f6r'-rlk-kol / -um. 509. n. s. [In architecture.] A statuary column, or a column which bears or supports the figure of au animal. Diet. ZOO'PHORUS,z6-6P-6-rus.557.«.s. [^opo?.] A part between the architraves and cornice, so called on account of the ornaments carved on it, among which were the figures of animals. Diet. ZO'OPHYTE, zcV-6-flte. 156. n. s. [faotpvrov, of £wo? and (pvrbv, Gr. ; zoophyte, Fr.] Certain vege- tables or substances which partake of the nature both of vegetables and animals. Harris. ZOO'TOMIST, zo-ot'-to-mfst. n. s. A dissector of the bodies of brute beasts. ZOO'TOMY, z6-&t'-t6-m£. 518. n. s. [faorojila, of (jaov and r/auu.] Dissection of the bodies of beast* 1033 APPENDIX. Tlu words to which this mark {*) is annexed, are words which Ivxve been added by Mr. Todd, in his Secoi A Edition of Johnson's Dictionary, published in 1827. The words to which the letter J. [Jolmsor] or T. [Todd] is annexed, are to be found in die body oj this Dictionary, but are here repeated for tlie sake of some correction or remark. AFF ANI 3 559. — Fate, far, fall, fat; — me, m£t; — pine, pin; — n6, m6ve, n5r, not; — tube, tub, bull ;— 611 ;— p&find ;— th'm, THis. To ABE'RR*, ab-er 7 . v. n. [aberro, Lat.] To wan- der. Robinson. ABOLITION 1ST*, ab-o-llsh'-on-ist. n.s. One who is desirous to abolish any thing. A very modern word. ABO'QN*, a-boon'. prep. Above. Westmoreland and Yorkshire. A'BROGABLE* ab'-ro-ga-bl. a. That may be ab- rogated. H. Mere. ABSCO'NDENCE*, ab-skon'-dense. n.s. Conceal- ment. Phillips. A'BSENT*, ab'-sfent. n. s. One who is not present. Bp. Morton. ABSU'MPTION*, ab-sum'-shun. n.s. Destruction. Bp. Gauden. ABY'SMAL*, a-b?z'-mal. a. Bottomless. Coles. To A'CCLAMATE*, ak'-kla-mat*. v. a. [acclamo, Eat.] To applaud. Waterhouse. To ACCLIMATE, ak-kll'-mate. v. a. To inure to a climate. Notes on Colombia. A Gallicism, and not used by the best English writers. ACCOUNTABILITY, ak-kdfin-ta-Wl'-e-te. n. s. Accounlableness; liability to he called to account; responsibility. Webster's Diet. Not used by the best writers. Pick. Vocab. ACCRIMINA'TION*, ak-kr?m-e-na'-shun. n. s. Accusation ; reproach. Life of Queen Henrietta Maria, 1685. ACE'PHALIST*, a-sef-a-llst. n. s. One who ac- knowledges no head or superiour. Gauden. A'CKER*, ak'-kur. n. s. A ripple on the surface of the water; a curl.- Fine mould, probably at first enclosed by the acre. Craven Gloss. ACKNO'WLEDGER*, ak-nol'-ledj-ur. n.s. One who acknowledges. Izaac Walton. To A'CORN*, a'-korn. v. n. To pick up and feed on acorns. Cheshire Gloss. ACQUAINTANCESHIP, ak-kwan'-tans-shfp. n,s. The being an acquaintance. Dr. Chalmers. Unau- thorized. A'CTLESS*, akt'-les. a. Without spirit; insipid. Sontherne. A'CUATE*, ak'-u-ate. a. Sharpened. Ashmole. A'DDLINGS*, ad'-dl-mgz. n. s. pi. Earnings ; wages received for work. Cheshire Gloss. ADMI'TTIBLE* ad-mit'-te-bl. a. The proper or- thography, instead of admittable. To ADSCRI'BE* ad-skrlbe'. v. a. Formerly so written, instead of to ascribe. ADU'NCOUS*, a-dung'-kus. a. [aduncus, Lat.] Crooked. Coles. ADVECTITIOUS*, ad-vek-t?sh'-us. a. [advectitius, Lat.] Brought ; carried. To A'DVOCATE. [T] v. a. This word, after hav- ing been for many years condemned by the English criticks, and by Dr. Franklin and others of our own countrymen, as an Americanism, is now in general use among the best writers and speakers in Eng- land, as well as in America. Pick. Vocab. AFFILIATED, af-ffl'-e-a-ted. a. Associated, allied, or ui» 3d with. Webster's Diet. Rep. Lond. Soc. 1819 AFFO'RDMENT*, af-fird'-ment. n.s. Grant; do- nation. Lora. A'FTERINGS*, aP-tur-lngz. n.s. The last milk that can be drawn from a cow; strokings. Grose. Derbyshire and Cheshire. A'GAMIST*, ag'-a-mlst. n. s. [ayanos."] One that is unmarried. Coles. I AGGRE'SSIVE*, ag-gres'-slv. a. Beginning a quar rel. Sir W. Scott. AGRICULTURALIST, ag-re-kul'-tshur-al-fst. n s Sometimes used instead of agriculturist. A'IGRE*. a. Sour. CravenDialect. AISH*. n. s. Stubble. Grose. — Hampshire. ALA'NTEM*, a-laV-lem. £ ad. At a distance. Grose ALA'NTUM*, a-lau'-tum. £ Craven Glossary. AEA/TED* \p arLa - Winged. Not used. Stukely. ALIENISM, ale'-ygn-fzm. n. s. Alienage. Johnson's Neic York Reports. Pick. Vocab. Unauthorized. ALKA'LIOUS* al-kaMe-us. a. Having the quali- ties of alkali. Kinnier. ALLECTA'TION*, al-lek-ta'-shfin. n. s. [allectatio, Lat.] An alluring; enticement. Coles. ALLO'WER*, al-lou'-fir. n. s. One who approves or authorizes. The King's Declaration, 1606. ALLU'SORY*, al-lu'-sur-e. a. Allusive; insinuating; implying. Heath. ALLU'VIAL*, al-lu'-ve-al. a. Alluvious. ALO'NE. [J.] a. Used for only before a noun : the alone method of salvation. J. Newton's Works, and Clialmers' Sermons. Used by ecclesiastical writers, but not resting on good authority. Pick. Vocab. A'LUMINE*, al'-u-mine. n. s. A kind of earth, so called from its forming the basis of common alum. To AMBITION*, am-blsh'-un. v. a. To seek am- bitionslv. Moral Staleof England, 1670. AMERICANISM, a-mer'-e-kan-lzm. n.s. "A love of America, and preference of her interests." Webster's Diet. Not used, by good writers, in this sense. " A use of phrases or terms, or a con- struction of sentences, even among persons of rank and education, in America, different from the use of the same terms or phrases, or the construction of similar sentences, in Great Britain." Witlierspoon. In this sense the word is used, by good writers, in analogy with Gallicism, Anglicism, &c. Pick Vocab. AMI'CAL*, a-ml'-kal. a. Friendly. W. Watson, 1691. AMOLI'TION* am-6-l?sh'-un. n. s. [amditio, Lai.] A removal ; a putting away. Bp. Ward. ANATHEMATISM*, a-na'./i'-e-ina-tlzm. n. s. Ex communication. Tooker. ANIMA'LCULAR*, an-e-mal'-ku-lar. ? a. Relat ANIMA'LCULINE*, an-e-mal'-ku-line. ) ingto an- imalcules; belonging to animalcules. Quarterly Review. ANIMALISM, an'-ne-matfzm. n. s. Sensuality Remarks on tlie Review of Inchiquin's Letters Boston. 1815. Not m common use. 1035 ATT APPENDIX. BES [CP 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, met ;— pine, pin ;— ANODY'NOUS*, an-6-dP-nus. a. Belonging to ano- dynes. Coles. A'NSWER. [J.] n.s. [In parliamentary language.} The reply made by a legislative body to the cus- tomary speech or message of the president of the United States, or of the goveruourof a state, at the opening of a session of the legislature. In England this answer is always called the address. Pick. Vocab. A'NTEFACT* an'-te-fakt. n. s. That which repre- sents the fact before it occurs. Proceedings of Di- vines, 1641. ANTIQUARIAN. [7YJ n. s. An antiquary. "This word," says Mr. Todd, (speaking of it as a substan- tive,) "is improper, and is now rarely, if at all, used." It is often used in America, and has been recently used by both the Edinburgh and the Quar- terly Review. A'NTISCRIPT*, an'-te-skrfpt. n.s. Opposition in writing to some other writing. Hacket. ANX1ETUDE, ang-zl'-e-tude. n.s. Anxiety ; solici- tude. Unauthorized. Pick. Vocab. APPELLATE. [J. & T.l a. Having jurisdiction of appeals, and not original jurisdiction : " The Su- preme Court of the United States shall have appellate jurisdiction," &c. Constiiut. U. States. This word, though heretofore considered of doubt- ful authority, is in use among the best juridical writers. See Blackstone's Commentarieo, vol. i. p. 105. Pick. Vocab. APPETFTIOUS*, ap-pe-t?sh'-us. a. Palatable ; de- sirable. Brief Description of Fanaticks, 1660. A'PPLICANT. [ T] n. s. A diligent student. Used at the colleges in America, but not authorized in this sense. Pick. Vocab. To APPRECIATE, v. n. To rise m value. Not in use in this sense. Pick. Vocab. APPRECIATION. [7'.] n.s. A rising in value : from the preceding verb, and of no better authority in this sense. Pick. Vocab. To APPROBATE, ap / -pr6-bale. v. a. To approve ; to license to preach : used as a sort of technical term among the clergy of New England 3 but is not authorized by English use. Pick. Vocab. ARCHA'ICK*, ar-ka'-ik. a. Old fashioned ; ancient. Dairson learner. ARCHIMANDRITE*, ar-ke-man'-drlt. n.s. The chief of a convent. Coles: A'RCHY*, artsh'-e. a. In the form of an arch. Par- thaneia Sacra. A RDERS*, ar'-durz. n. s. Fallowings, or plough- ings of grounds. Coles and Grose. ARGUTA'TION*, ar-gu-ta'-shun. n. s. [argutatio, Lat.] Debate ; cavil ; disputation. Bp. Hall. ARGUMENTABLE, ar-gu-meV-ta-bU. Admitting of argument; that may be argued. Dr. Clialniers' Sermons. Unauthorized. A'RGU3IENT1ZER*, ar'-gu-men-tl-zur. n.s. One who debates or reasons. Brady. A'RVEL*, ar'-vel. n.s. [arund, Welsh.] A funeral. Grose. Craven Dialect. — Arvel-supper. The feast made at northern funerals. Arvel-hread. Cakes given at funerals. Grose. A'SSECLE*, as'-se-kl. n. s. [assecla, Lat.] A de- pendant; a follower. Sheldon. A pedantick word. ASSFSTANTLY*, as-sisl'-ant-le. ad. So as to assist. Sternhold. ASSOCIATION. [J.] n.s. " A convention of cler- gymen." Webster's Diet. Pick. Vocab. Used in New England, as a technical word, in the ecclesias- tical proceedings of the congregational clergy. ASSOCIATIONAL, as-s6-she-a'-shun-al. a. [from the preceding.] " Students in divinity must, in each case, pass through the associatiojutl, or presbyterial examination mentioned above." Remarks on Inchi- quin's Letters, Boston, 1815. Rarely used. Pick. Vocab. AT. prep. For by, in this expression — Sales at auc- tion. Used in America. The English usage is — Sales bu auction. Pick. Vocab. ATTEMPERMENT, at-tem -per-ment. n. s. A tem- pering, or proportioning. Dr. Cliahners. Unauthori- zed. ATTE'NDINGLY*, at-tend'-ing-le ad. With atten- tion. Oley. A'TTERCOB*, at'-tur-kob. ) n. s. A spider. North A'TTERCOP*, al'-tfir-kop. C of Eyigland. ATTRIBUTION. [J.] n. s. The act of attributing, or ascribing. Remarks on the Review of Inchiquin' * Letters. Not in common use in this sense. AUGME'NTABLE*, awg-ment'-a-bl. a. Capable of augmentation. AsJimoTe. A'UTARCHY*, aw'-tar-ke. n.s. [avrdpictia.] Self- sufficiency. Coles. AUTOGE'NEAL*, aw-td-je'-ne-al. a. [abroyeW/s } Self-begotten. Waterhouse. AUTO'GRAPHAL*, aw-tog'-ra-ial. a. Of the par- ticular handwriting of persons. Bennet. AUTO'MATAL*, aw-tom'-a-tal. a. Automatical j automatous. Annot.on Glanrille's Lux. Orient. AUXE'TICK*, awk-zet'-ik. a. Amplifying ; increas- ing. Hutchinson. AWERAGE*, av'-iir-adje. n. s. Winter eatage. Craven Dialect. The breaking of cornfields ; ed- dish; roughings. Grose. B. BACKE'ND*. n. s. The latter part of the year. North of England. BA'CKSTONE*. n. s. The heated stone, or iron, on which oat-cake is baked. North of England. BACKWOODSMAN, bak-wudz'-mdn. [used most- ly in the plural.] n. s. A term applied to the people who inhabit the newly settled territory westward of the Alleghany mountains. PicJc. Vocab. BA'LANCE. [J.] n. s. This word is much used by the people of the Southern Slates as a general term, signifying the remainder of any thing. Pick. Vocab. BALCO'NIED*, bal-k6'-n?d. a. Having balconies. R. North. To BA'LSAM*. v. a. To render balsamick, or mild ; to soften. Hacket. BA'NGING*. bang'-fng. a. Large ; great. Grose. BANK-BILL. [J.] n. s. This is the term in general use in the United States for the common promisso- ry notes or currency of banks, which, in England, are called bank-notes ; and yet bank-bill is in John- son's and other English Dictionaries, and bank-note is omitted. Pick. Vocab. BARBACUE, bar'-ba-ku. n. s. A hog dressed whole with spices. Webst. Diet. Used in the Southern States. Pick. Vocab. BAREHE'ADEDNESS*, bare-hed'-ed-nes. n. s. The state of being bareheaded. Bp. Hall. BA'RYTES*. n.s. [fiapvs.] An earth, in its pure state very heavy. To BASE, base. v. a. To found ; to build upon. A Gallicism, sometimes used in this country; but rarelv used by English writers. Pick. Vocab. BA'STER*. n. s. A blow with a stick, or other weapon. Wagstuffe. Not in use. BA'WLER*, baw'-lfir. n. s. One who bawls. Echard. To BAWM*, or BAWN*. v. a. To adorn ; to dress. Westmoreland and Cheshire. To BEDA'RKEN*. v. a. To obscure; to darken, Hacket. To BEGLO'OM*, be-gl5hrase " to be sure," are sometimes used by pub- ick speakers in the United Stales. BETRUSTMEJST, be-trast'-ment. n.s. Act of in- trusting; thin? intrusted. Webst. Diet. BE'TTERMENT*, bet'-iar-meut. n.s. Improve- ment. W. Mountague. BE'TTERNESS*, bet'-tur-nes. «. 5. Superiority. Tooker. BETWA'TTLED*, be-twot'-lld. a. Confounded} overpowered ; stupified. Gabriel John. BEWATLER*, be-wa'-lar. n. s. One who laments or bewails. Ward. BEWFFCHEDNESS*, be-wltsh'-ed-nes. n. s. Slate of being bewitched. Bp. Gauden. BIFU'RCOUS*, bl-fiV-kus. a. Two-forked. Coles. To BI'GGEN*, blg'-gen. v.n. To recover after lying in. Brockett. BIGHT, bite. n. s. A nautical term for a narrow inlet of the sea. Beicditch's Navigator. To BPLLET*. v. n. To be quartered as soldiers ; to lodge. Prideaux. BLAKE*, a. [bleeck, Teut.] Yellow. Grose. North of England. BLA'NDIMENT*, blan'-de-ment. n. s. [blandimen- tum. Lat.] Allurement ; enticement. Burnet. To BLASH*, blash. v. a. [of the same origin as plash.'] To spatter. Grose. Crax-en Dialect. BLA'SHY*, blash'-e. a. Dirty ; wet. Craven Dialect. Thin; poor : as, blashy milk or beer. Grose. To BLAZON, bla'-zn. v. ?i. To shine ; to make a brilliant figure. Dr. Chalmers. Unauthorized. BLOB*, n. s. A bubble. See Bleb. BLO'BTALE*, blub'-tile. n. s. A telltale ; a blab. BLOCK, n. s. Sometimes used in the United States for a row of houses, or a pile of building. BLOODSHO TTENNESS*, bl&d'-shol-tn-nes. n. s. The state of being bloodsholten, as applicable lo the eye. BLO'TTER*, blot'-lur. n. s. One that effaces ; one that disfigures. BLUFF, blfif. n.s. A steep bank, or high, bold shore. Webst. Diet. In use in this country, particularly- in the Southern and Western Slates 3 it is a nau- tical term in England. Pick. Vocab. BOARD, n. s. [J.] To the definition, after entertain- ment, add food. BOATABLE, h6'-la-bl. a. Navigable with boats. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. BOATING, b6 / -thig. 7i. s. The act of transporting in boats. Webst. Diet. A word used by boatmen. Pick. Vocab. BO'BBISH* b&b'-blsh. a. In familiar discourse used for being liearty ; in good spirits. BO'LLINGS*, bole'-lngz. n.s. pi. Pollard-trees, whose heads and branches are cut off, and only the bodies left. Ray. BOOKSTORE, buk'-store. n. s. What are called bookseller's shops in England, are, in the United Slates, called bookstores. Pick. Vocab. BO'TCHERY*, botsh'-fir-e. n.s. A clumsy addition; patchwork. World of Wonders. BOTTLE-NOSED*, bot'-tl-nizd. a. Having an ex- traordinary large nose. Kersey. BOTTOM-LANDS, or BOTTOMS, n. s. Terms applied in the Southern and Western Slates to rich, low lands bordering on rivers. Similar lands in New England are called interval lands, or simply, intervals. Pick. Vocab. To BOUKE*, or BOWKE*. v. n. To nauseate, so as to be ready to vomit, and lo belch. Sometimes pronounced boke. Grose. Craven Dialect. BO'ULIMY*. See Bulimy. BO'WER*, bSa'-fir. n. s. One who bows in token of respect. Icon Abdhene. BRA'BBLING*, brab'-bl-Ing. n. s. Quarrel : which, in low conversation . is frequently called brabblement. Sir J. Hitrington BRAND-NEW*. See Bran-new. BRA'NGLER*. hrang'-gl-ar. n.s. One who wisne* to quarrel ; a wrangler. Kersey. BRASH*, brash, a. Hasty; impetuous ; rash. Grose. Craven Dialect. In some parts of New England used for brittle; as applied lo timber. Pick. Vocab. To BRAWN*, brawn, v. a. To render strong. Fullei BREAD-STUFF, n. s. Bread-corn ; meal ; bread Used in this country, but not in England. Pick. Vocab To BRE'AKFAST*. v. a. To furnish with a break fast. Milton. BRE'ASTPIN*, brSst'-pm. n. s. An ornamental pin I fixed in the linen near the breast ; sometimes also I called a broach. : BRIEF. [J.] a. Prevalent ; common ; rife. Webster's I Diet. In this sense, a provincialism, according to Grose, of the north of England : sometimes used in I this country. Pick. Vocab. j BRO'SEN* or BRO'STEN*. part. a. Burst. West- moreland and Craven Dialect. J BRUSH. [J.] n. s. Brushwood ; shrubs ; lopped branches of trees. Webst. Diet. Used in the United I Stales, but not common, in this sense, in England. To BRUT*, or BRUTTE*, brut. v. a. To nibble Grose. C. iCA'BALIZE*, kab'-a-Uze. v.n. To speak the lan- i guage of the learned Jews. More. i CACHE, kash. n. s. [Fr.] A term used by traders and explorers in the unsettled western country be- ' longing lo the United States, for a hole dug in the j ground, for the purpose of preserving and conceal - [ ing such provisions and commodities as it may be ! inconvenient lo carry with them throughout their j journey. See Lewis and Clark's Expedition, vol. I i. p. 256. CADE-LAMB*, n. s. A tame lamb in Norfolk and i Suffolk [England] ; in Cumberland, a pet lamb. CA'DGY*, kad'-je. a. Cheerful; merry after good eating and drinking. Brockett. North of England. CALCITRA'TION*, kal-se-tra'-sban. n. s. The act of kicking. Ross. CA'LCULARY*, kal'-ku-lar-e. a. Relating to the disease called the stone. Bp. Gauden. To CALCULATE. [J.] v. n. To expect; to sup pose ; to think : as, I calculate to leave town to-mor row. Unauthorized in this sense. Pick. Vocab. ToCATSIZE*, kap-sW. v. a. To overturn. A nau tical word. To CA'PTIVATE. [/.I v. a. To take prisoner ; to bring into bondage. This is one of the meanings given to this verb by Dr. Johnson, who quotes, for authorities, Shakspeare, King Charles, and Locke ; and it has been used in this sense by our country- men, Dr. Belknap, Dr. Ramsay, &c. ; but is not now so used bv srood English writers. Pick. Vccab. CA'RENCY* ka r -ren-se. n.s. [earence, old Fr. ; ca- | rens, Lat.] Want 5 lack. Bp. Ricltai'dson. : CARR*. 71. s. [kaer, Su. Goth.] A marsh, or flat I land. North of England. \ CAUCUS, kavv'-kus. n. s. A cant term, in the United j States, for those informal, preparatory meetings, j which are held b} r political, and other partisans, in order to agree upon candidates for office, or to concert measures of any kind, which they intend to support and vote for at the publick or legal meet- j ings of the citizens. The etymology of this term I is uncertain. Pick.Vocab. \ CE'NSUS. [ T.] n. s. An authentick register or enu- j meraiion of the inhabitants of a country, made by I publick authority. Webst. Diet. This is the com- j mon term, in the'United States, for what in England I has generally been called enume^alion ; though j some English writers have, within a few years, used the word census in the sense in which it is used in this country. Pick. Vocab. I CENT, s£nt. n.s. A copper coin of the United States, value one hundredth part of a dollar. Webt>i. Diet- 1037 COM APPENDIX. CON O 3 *>59.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, mel;— pine, p?n;- CENTRAL1TY, sen-lral'-e-te. n. s. The quality of being central. Jefferson. Unauthorized. CE'REBRAL*, ser'-e-bral. a. Relating to the brain. CHAMBER-LIE*, n. s. Stale urine. CHA'RTEL*. n. s. [chaHula, Lat.] A little roll or piece of paper j a few leaves of paper. CHE'CKERS, or CHE'QUERS. [T.] n.s. The common name in the Northern States for the game which in England is called draughts. Pick. Vocab. To CHE ERUP*, or CHFRUP* v. a. To make cheerful. A colloquial word. Dr. Cheyne. See To Chirp. CHIEFESS, tsheef-es. n.s. A female chief among the Indians. Carver. Unauthorized. CHORE, tshore. n. s. A smalljob ; domestick work. Webst. Diet. Used in New England : a corruption of char, which in some parts of England is called a cheure or chure, which approaches to our pronun- ciation, chore. Pick. Vocab. CHRISTIANIZA'TION. n. s. A word sometimes used in America; but unauthorized. Pick. Vocab. To CHUM. v. n. [from the noun.] To occupy a chamber with another. Used in American colleges. CHUNK, tshunk. n. s. A short, thick block, or bit of wood ; brands, or half-burned wood. A colloquial word in America ; perhaps corrupted from chump. Pick. Vocab. CITESS. 71. s. A woman inhabiting a city. Webst. Diet. In use several years since in this country, but now out of use. Pick. Vocab. CIVISM, slv'-izm. n. s. Patriotism ; attachment to the publick welfare. Webst. Diet. Not now in use. Pick. Vocab. To CLAM*, v. n. To starve. See To Clem. To CLAMP*, v. n. [klompen, Dutch.] To tread heavily. Craven Dialect. CLA'PBOARD. n. s. A narrow board commonly used for the outermost covering of houses in Ameri- ca. Webster's Diet. Pick. Vocab. To CL ART*, v. a. To daub 3 to smear j to spread. North of England. CLA'RTY*. a. Wet ; slippery ; dirty; miry. Grose. CLE'RKLESS*. a. Ignorant; uncivilized. Water- house. CLE'VER. [/.] a. This adjective, when applied to a man, in England, denotes capacity, without any regard to moral qualities ; but in this country it is much used, in conversation, to denote goodness of disposition, without any regard to capacity. To say of a man that " He is very clever, but, at the same time, a great rogue," would be good Eng- lish ; and to say of one, " He is very ciever, but of weak understanding," would be agreeable to a common usage in America. Pick. Vocab. CLE'VERLY. [J.] ad. Used in some parts of New England as a colloquial word for well or very well. Pick. Vocab. CLOSE. [J.] a. Used by the American Baptists for particular, strict, or restricted : as, close communion; that is, a communion from which those who are not Baptists are excluded. Technical. C'LO'THIER. [J.] n. s. Used in America for a ful- ler ; in England, for a maker or seller of cloth. Pick. Vocab. To CLU'TTER*. v. a. To hurry together ; to put into confusion. T. Mathews. To COACH*, v. n. To ride in a coach. Waterhouse. COALE'SCENT*, ko-a-les'-sent. a. Joined ; united. Annot. on Glanville, 1682. COB, kob. n. s. The spike of an ear of maize Webst. Dictionary. CO'BBY*. a. Headstrong-; tyrannical. Cumberland. Stout; hearty; brisk. Northumberland. Well, or in good spirits. Derbijshire. Grose. To COERCE. [/.] v.a. Sometimes improperly used, in the United States, for to compel. CODICPLLARY*,k6d-e-sil'-lar-e. a. Of the nature of a codicil. Phillimore. COHIB1TION*, k6-he-brsh'-un. n. 5. [cohibiiio, Lat.] Hinderance; restraint. Formerly in use. CO^MBATABLE*, kom'-ba-ta-bl. a. That may be disputed or opposed. Modern. COMBFNER*, k6m-bl'-nur. n. s. The person or th ; ng that combines. W. Mounta plimental ; gratulatory ; congratulatory ; flattering. Perry's Diet. A word not in Johnson or Todd, yet often used. To COMPLO'T*. v.a. To plan; to contrive. Milton To COMPROM1T. [ T.J v. a. Mr. Todd has insert- ed this word with the following remarks : " This is our old word for compromise. It has been of late revived, especially by American writers." COMPU'NCT*. part. a. Pricked ; stimulated. Be- ware of M. Jewel, 1566. Not now in use. CONCE'ALEDLY*, k6n-se'-led-le. ad. So as not to be detected. Bp. Gauden. To CONCETT* v.n. To form a notion; to con- ceive. CONCHPLIOUS*, kon-kfl'-e-fis. a. Of or belonging to shells. CONCHO'LOGY*, kon-k&l'-6-je. n. s. [ccncfia,haU and \6yos, Gr.] The science and knowledge ot shells; a description of shells. CONCO'RDABLE*, kon-kdrd'-a-bl. a. Agreeing 5 harmonious. CONCO'RDABLY*, k6n-kSrd'4-ble. ad. With agreement. Rogers. CONCU'BINARY*, kon-ku'-be-nar-e. a. Relating to concubinage. Bp. Gauden. To CONDUCT. [J.] This verb is often improperly used in New England without the reciprocal pro- noun ; as, He conducts well, instead of, He conducts himself well. Pick. Vocab. CONFRO'NTMENT*, kon-fr&nt'-ment. n.s. Com- parison. Oley. CONGREGATIONAL, k6ng-gre-ga'-shun-al. a. Relating to a congregation, and to a church gov- ernment by consent and election. Webst. Diet. CONGREGATIONALISM, n s. Church govern- ment by the members of the church and congrega- tion. Webst. Diet. CONGREGATIONALISM n. s. An adherent to the congregational form of church government. Webst. Diet. CO'NGRESS. [J.] This word is used in this country in an appropriate or technical manner for the legislature of the United States, and is used without the article. Pick. Vocab. CONGRESSIONAL, kon-grgsh'-fin-al, a. Pertain- ing to congress. Webst. Diet. It is analogous to parliamentary. Pick. Vocab. CONSPGNATARY*, kon-slg'-na-tar-e. n.s. One to whom is consigned any trust or business. Sir Leonine Jenkins. CONSOCIATION. [J.] n. s. A convention of pas- tors and messengers of churches. Webst. Diet. Used technically in Connecticut. Pick. Vocab. CONSOC1AT10NAL, kSn-so-she-a'-shun-al. a. Pertaining to a consociation. Webst. Diet. To CONSPPRE*. v. a. To plot; to contrive. Sliak. 1038 CRO APPENDIX. DES -116, move, nflr, nftt;— tube, tub, bull 3— 61I ;— pound ;— thm, th!s. CCNSTABLERY*, kon'-sta-bler-e. n. s. The dis- trict called also constablewick. Burton. CONSTITUTIONALITY, k&n-ste-iu-shftn-al'-e-te. n. s. The state of being agreeable to the constitu- tion. Webst. Diet. Common in America, but not in general use in England ; yet it is used in the Edinburgh Rev. vol. xli. p. 170. To CONTRAPO SE*, kon-tra-poze'. y. a. [contra- posiius, Lat.] To place against j to set in opposition. Salkeld. CONTROVE'RSILESS*, k6n-tr6-vey-se-le\s. a. Not admitting controversy 3 questionless. Tooker. To CONTU'MULATE* kon-tu'-mu-late. v. a. [contumulo, Lat.] To bury ; to lay in the grave. CONVERSATIONIST*, kon-ver-sa'-shun-ist. n.s. One who distinguishes himself in conversation. A modern word. CONVEYANCING, kon-va'-an-smg. n. s. The act or business of drawing deeds, leases, &c. Webst. Dictionary. CONVIVIALITY, kon-viv-e-al'-e-te. n.s. State of being convivial ; or mirth excited by feasting. Webst. Diet. Used in the Life of Grose. COO'PERANT*, k6-op'-er-ant. a. Labouring to- gether 3 working to the same end. Bp. Nicholson. CORK. n.s. A frost-nail, or sharp steel point on a horseshoe. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. To CORK. v. a. To form sharp points ; to shoe with points. Webst. Diet. To wound with a cork or sharp point. CORN. [J.J n. s. This word is a general term in England for all sorts of grain that are used for bread, as wheat, rye, &c. ; but in this country, es- pecially in the Northern Siates, it signifies exclu- sively Indian corn, or maize. Pick. Vocab. CC^RNWAIN*, kdrn'-wane. n.s. A wagon loaded with corn. Bp. Horsley. CORVETTE*, kdr-vet'. n. s. [Fr.] An advice-boat 3 a packet-boat. Sidney. COTHU'RNATE*, k6^/iur'-nat. ) part. a. Bus- COTHU'RN ATED*, ko-tfuV-na-teU ] kined 3 re- lating to tragedy. Cockeram. To COURT*, v. n. To act the courtier 5 to imitate the manners of the court. Abp. Laud. CO'UNTERFEITNESS*, kdun'-teV-fit-nes. n.s. The slate of being counterfeit. Ward. CRA'CKER. n. s. A word used in the United States for a biscuit 3 also, in some of the Southern States, applied to the wagoners from the upper or interiour country. CRA'NBERRY [77j is not the same as " the whor- tleberry, or bilberry," (as defined by Mr. Todd,) but is a very different berry, of an acid taste, used as a sauce. CRANIO'LOGY*, kra-ne-oT-6-je. n. s. [^dviov and \6yos,] The science of cerebral pathology. CRA'NKY*. a. Sometimes so written, instead of crank. CRA NNY*, kran'-ne. a. Pleasant ; agreeable 3 praiseworthy. Bailey. CRA'VINGNESS* kra'-vfng-nes. n. s. The state of craving. CRE'ATURAL* kre'-tshure-al. a. Belonging to a creature; having the qualities of a creature. CRE'ATURE. [J.] n.s. Much used in this country, by farmers, in the plural, as a common term for horses, oxen, cows, &.c, and so used in the ancient laws of the New England States. Pick. Vocab. CREEK. [J.] n. s. A term used in the states south of New England to denote a small river. Pick. Vocab- ulary. CREEL*, kreel. n. s. An osier basket. BrockeU. North of England. To CRIB*, v. n. To be confined 5 to be cooped up. Bp. Gaudcn. CRIMINA'LITY. [T.] n.s. This word is used to denote guiltiness, or the quality of being criminal, rather than " a criminal action, case, or cause," as defined by Mr. Todd. CROW-BAR. n. s. Commonly used in New Eng- land for what the English call a crow, or an iron crow. Pick. Vocab. CRO'WDY*, krdu'-de. n. s. Meal and water, some- times mixed with milk. Grose. Craven Dialect To CRU'DDLE*, kr&d'-dl. r. n. To curdle : also to stoop. Brockelt. Craven Dialect. CRUE'NTOUS*, kru-en'-tus. a. [cruentus, Lat] Bloody. CULL*, n. s. A fool ; one who is imposed upon. See Cully. CU'LLENDER*. k&l'-len-dur. n. •?. A strainer. See Colander. But cullender is the common way of writing it. CU'LLING*, kulMiug. n. s. Any thing separated or selected from a mass ; refuse. Drayton. CU'SHAT*. n.s. The wild pigeon, or ring-dove. Grose. It is also written cowshut. D. DA'DDLE*, dad'-dl. n. s. A colloquial expression in several parts of England for the hand. To DA'FFLE*, daf -fl. v. n. [probably from doff. I To betray loss of memory and mental faculty. BrockeU. To DAG*, dag. v. n. To drizzle. BrockeU. DA'GLOCK*, dagM&k. n. s. A phrase in man\ places for the befouled lock of a sheep's tail. To DAMASKEEN, dam-as-keen', v. n. [damasqw- ner, Fr.] " To damask ; to inlay iron or steel witik gold or silver, so as to form flowers, 1 ; — pound ; — n. s. The quality or state of being indiscerpible Annot. on Glanville. INDO'MITE*. a. [indomitus, Lat.] Untamed ; wild ; savage. Salkeld. INEXECUTION. n. s. Neglect of execution or per formance. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. INE'XORABLENESS*, !n-eks'-6-ra-bl-nes. n. a The state of being inexorable. Chillingworth. INFE'RNALLY* in-fer'-nal-le. ad. In a detestab . and infernal way. Hacket. 1043 JOR APPENDIX. KNO O" 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat;— me, 111613— pine, p?n;— To INFREQUENT*, In-fre-kwent'. v. a. Not to frequent; to desert. A. Wood. SNFRUGAL*, in-fr&'-gal. a. Not frugal; extrava- gant ; careless. Goodman. INGLO'RIOUSNESS*, ni-gl6'-re-us-nes. n. s. State of being inglorious. Bp. Gauden. INGRA'TELY*, ui-grateMe. ad. Ungratefully. Sylvester. I''NSC1ENCE* ?n'-she-ense. n. s. [Fr.] Ignorance ; unskilfulness ; want of knowledge. Cockeram. To INSE'NSE*, m-sense'. v. a. To instruct; to in- form ; to infuse sense into the mind of a person ; to make to understand. Grose. To INSTA'URATE §*,?n-staw'-rate.?,\a. [instauro, Lat.] To reform; to repair; to supply with im- provement. Smith. INSTITUTIONAL* In-ste-tu'-shfin-al. a. Elemen- tal. This is the word of modern times, instead of institutionary. INSULARITY, n. s. The situation of an island, or i state of being an island. Used by some American writers. Pick. Vocab. INSURRECTIONAL, fn-sur-reV-shun-al. a. Per- taining to an insurrection. Webst. Diet. INTERESTED*, m'-ter-est-ed. a. Having regard to private profit. Arbuthnot. To INTERFO'LIATE*, in-tur-fc-Me-ate. v. a. To interleave. Evelyn. INTE'RMINABLENESS*m-tSr / -m?n-a-bl-iigs.n.s. State of being interminable ; endlessness. Annot. on Glanville. INTERSPACE*, Jn'-ter-spase. n. s. Inlervenient space. Hacket. INTERVAL, or INTERVALE, n. s. Low ground between hills, or on the banks of rivers, called also bottom-land. Webst. Diet. See Bottom-Lands. Common in New England. Pick. Vocab. To INURE*, m-ure'. v. n. To come into use or power ; to have effect. Bp. of Norwich. To INVPGOUR*, In-vlg'-ur." v. a. To invigorate; to animate ; to encourage. Waterhouse. INVIRI LITY*, lu-ve-ril'-e-te. n.s. Absence of Man- hood ; departure from manly character. Prynne. IRE'MCAL*, l-ren'-e-ka. a. Pad fick ; desirous of peace. IRRETREGABLENESS* fr-reT-re-ga-bl-nik n.s. Force above confutation. Anne*, on Glanville. IRREPEALABILITY, ir-re-pe-la-bil'-e-te. n. s. The quality of not being repealable. Webst. Diet. Not in use. Pick. Vocab. IRREPE'ALABLE*, ir-re-pe'-la-bl. a. Not to be re- pealed. IRREPE'ALABLY*. ad. So as not to be repealed. Bp. Gauden. IRREPTI'TIOUS*, ?r-rep-tfsh'-us. a. Crept in; pri- vately introduced. Dr. Castell. J. JA'BBER*. n.s. Garrulity; prating. Bp. Fleet- wood. JACKADA'NDY*, jak-a-dan'-de. n. s. A little, im- pertinent fellow. Generally used in contempt. See Dandiprat. JAG. [«/.] n. s. A small load. New England. Pick. Vocab. Mr. Todd, in his second edition, adds to the definition of this word, " a small parcel of any thing; a small load of hay or corn." Grose. J A RSEY*. n. s. See Jersey. aIA'SEY*. n.s. [corrupted from jarsey or jersey."] A worsted wig, and in some places a colloquial term for a wig. To JEOPARDIZE, jep'-fir-dlze. v. a. To expose to danger ; to hazard. Used in America, but not by good writers in England. Pick. Vocab. JFMMY* a. See Jemmy. JO'INTRESS*,j6lnt / -res. n.s. A wife upon whom an estate is settled to be enjoyed after the death of her husband. Aubrey. JO'RUM*. ». s. A colloquial term in several parts of i England for a bowl or drinking vessel with liquor in it. JO'SEPH*. n. s. A riding coat or habit for women with buttons down to the skirts. Formerly much in use. To JOUNCE*, j6uns. r. a. To shake ; to jolt. Grose. Used also as a substantive for a jolt or shake. To JOUP*. v. a. To shake up ; to dash. Grose. JUDICIARY, n. s. That branch of government which is concerned in the determination of suits. Webst. Diet. It is in common use in this country as a substantive, like executive. To JUG*, v. a. To call or bring together by a par ticular sound. Bp. Gauden. To JUGGLE*, v. a. To effect by artifice or trick to deceive. Shakspeare. JUSTIFICATORY*, ius-tff-e-ka-tur-e. a. Vindi catory ; defensory. Johnson. K. KALEIDOSCOPE, ka-H'-do-skope. n. s. [ Ka \h, eUos, and cr/co-taj.] An optical instrument, invented by Dr. Brewster, for the purpose of creating and exhibiting an infinite variety of beautiful colours and perfectly symmetrical forms. New Edinburgh Encyclopedia. KA'ZARDLY*. a. Unlucky; liable to accident North of England. KE'CKER* n. s. The gullet. A provincial term. KEDGE*, kedje. ) a. Brisk ; lively. Ray. Suf- KETJGY*, ked'-je. \ folk in England. To KEEK*, v.n. To peep; to look prvingly. Brock- ett. KE'ELER*, or KE'ELMAN*. n. s. One who works in the management of barges or vessels : the old word is keeler ; the modern, keelman. Brockett. — Keeler, a shallow tub. Ray. KEEPING-ROOM. n. s. A parlour. A provincial term of New England. Pick. Vocab. KEEVE*. n. s. A large vessel to ferment liquors in. Grose. A large tub or vessel used in brewing ; a mashing-tub. Jennings. To KEEVE*. v. a. To put the wort in a keeve for some time to ferment. Jennings. To overturn or lift up a cart, so as to unload it all at once. Ray. KELK*. n. s. A blow. Grose. Large, detached stones. Craven Dialect. To KELK*. v. a. To beat heartily. Brockett. KE'NMARKED*. )part. a. Marked or branded so KE'NSPECKED*. S as to be known; blemished. Grose. North of England. To KEP*. v. a. To catch. Grose. KE'SLOP*. n. s. The stomach of a calf prepared for rennet; the substance used in curdling milk. Grose. KE'STREL*. a. Like a kestrel; base. Spenser. Obsolete. KET*. n. s. Carrion ; any sort of filth. Brockett. KE'TTY*. a. Filthy; dirty ; worthless. G;\,se. KEYCO'LDNESS*. n.s. Want of animation, or ac- tivity. To KILT*, v. a. To tuck up; to truss up the clothes. Brockett. To KINK*, v. n. To labour for breath, as in the hooping cough. Ray. KINK*, n. s. A fit of "coughing, or a convulsive fit of laughter. Grose. To KI'TCHEN*. v. a. To use thriftily. Grose. KITTLISH*. a. Ticklish. Grose. To KPZEN*, or KFZZEN*. v. n. To parch ; to dry up. Grose. KNA'CKISH*. a. Trickish ; knavishly artful, More. KNA'CKISHNESS*. n. s. Artifice ; trickery, More. KNA'CKY*. a. Handy; having a knack. Suffolk. Cunning; crafty. Berwickshire. To KNOB*, v. n. To bunch out} to giow into knobs Kersey. * 1044 LIS APPENDIX. MEA — n6, mdve, n6r, n6t; — tube^ tub, bull; — 611; — pound; — thm, this. L. LA'CHES*. n. s. pi. Boggy places. Craven Dialect. To LAG*, v. a. To slacken j to move slowly. Hey- wood. To LAIK*. See To Lake. LATTER*, or LA'WTER*. n. s. The whole quan- tity of eggs which a hen lays before she incubates. Brockett. LA'MISH*. a. Not quite lame; hobbling. A. Wood. To LANDSCAPE*, v. a. To represent in landscape. Holuday. Not in use. LANG*, a. The word in the North of England for long. Langsome also for longsome. ted-ious. LA'NGSETTLE*. n. s. A long bench to sit on. North of England. LANT*. n. s. The old name for the game of loo. Urine. Brockett. LA'PSTONE*, lap'-stone. n. s. A cobbler's stone on which he hammers his leather. Brockett. LATERITIOUS*, lat-e-rlsh'-us. a. Resembling brick. Cheyne. LAVE*, n. s. The remainder or leaving. Grose. LEANTO. leen'-too. n. s. The part of a building which appears to lean upon another. Websi. Diet. Pick. Vocab. It is in 31aso?i's Supplement, where it is called an architectural term. LE'ARNEDNESS* leV-ned-nes. n. s. State of being learned. Abp. Laud. LE'ENY*. a. See Leant. LEET*. a. Our northern word for light. LENGTHY, leng'-tfie. a. Long ; lengthened ; extend- ed ; prolix. Webst. Diet. This word has been very common in the United States, particularly in con- versation ; but it has been much ridiculed by Amer- icans, as well as by Englishmen ; and it is now very rarely used by writers of any authority. Pick. Vocab. It has been lately used by some respecta- ble English writers. See Quart. Rev. vol. xxix. p. 299; British Criiick, vol. iv. p. 312; Blackwood's Magazine, vol. iv. p. 745 ; and Lord Byron's Letter in Otter's Life of Dr. E. D. Clarke, p. 439. LE'NNOCK*, len'-nok. a. Slender; pliable. Lan- cashire Gloss. LENS. [/•] The definition of this word in the Dic- tionary is defective. Lenses are of different varie- ties, and not all of them " spherically convex on both sides." See New Edinburgh Encyclopedia, vol. xiv. p. 638. LENT*, a. Slow; mild. B. Jonson. Not in use. LETCH*, n. s. A vessel to put ashes in, to run water through, for the purpose of making washing lie. Ray. A long, narrow swamp, in which water m LEV wind, so called by the sailors in the Mediferranean A colloquial expression applied to one who bets at a horse-race, and rims awaj' without paying the wagers he has lost. LICENTLVTION*, ll-sen-she-a'-shun. n.s. The act of permitting. Freeman. Not in use. LICK, or SALT-LICK. n. s. " A salt spring is called a lick, from the earth about it being furrowed out in a most curious manner by the buffalo and deer, which lick the earth on account of the saline parti- cles with which it is impregnated." Imlay's Topog. Descrip. Western Territory N. A. Pick. Vocab. LIEFTE'NANT*. n. s. See Lieutenant. LI'KELY. [J.] a. Used often in New England to denote sensible ; intelligent ; possessed of moral worth. Not so used in England. Pick. Vocab. To LILT*, v. n. To do any thing cleverly or quick- ly. Pegge. To jerk; to rise in the gait or song. Craven Dialect. LINCH*. n. s. A ledge ; a rectangular projection. Jennings. LI'NGEL*. n. s. See Lingle. LI'NGY*. a Limber. Grose. Tall; flexible. Cra- ven Dialect. Active; strong; able to bear fatigue. Brockett LISH*. a. Stout ; active ; strong; nimble. Grose. 68 ^ oves slowly among rushes and grass. Brockett ^A'NTER*, le-van'-tur. n. s. A strong easterly LISTER, lis'-tfir. n. s. One who receives and makes returns of ratable estates. Connecticut. Webst. Diet. To LOAN. [7'.] v. a. To lend. Webst. Diet. Pick. Vocab. This word is often used in the United States. Mr. Todd has inserted it, but says of it, that it is " not now in use." LO'ANING*. n. s. See Lone and Lonnin. LOCATION . [J.] " The act of designating or stir veying and bounding land ; the tract so designated.'* Webst. Did. This word is used in the United States Jn a sense not authorized by the English dictionaries. Pick. Vocab. To LO'LLOP*, l&l'-Idp. v. n. To move heavily ; to walk in a heavy, lounging manner ; to lean idly ; and in a general sense, to idle. Brockett. A low word LONE* LO'NNJN*. n. s. Our Northern words for a lane. LO'NGSOMENESS*, long'-sum-nes. n. s. Tedious- ness. Hist. Conformity . LOT. [/.] A share or division of land; afield. Webst. Diet. Hence a house-lot, a shop-lot, &c. Not used in this sense in England. Pick. Vocab. To LOT upon. v. To anticipate with fondness or de- sire. Used colloquially in New England. LOUND*. a. See Lownd. LO'UTISHNESS*, iSut'-lsh-nes. n. s. Clownish - ness ; behaviour of a bumpkin. World of Wonders. LO'WERY* Idu'-ur-e. a. Threatening to be wet or stormv ; overcast. Brockett. LUDPBRIOUS*, lu-dlb'-re-fis. a. Ridiculous. Tookei: LU'MBER. [J.] Timber in general; but chiefly small timber, as boards, staves, hoops, scantling, &c. Webst. Diet. Not common in this sense m England ; but used in the United States and in the British American colonies. LUNGE*. See Longe. LUTINE*, lu'-pln. a. Like a wolf. Bp. Gauden. LU'RRY*. lfir'-re. n. s. A crowd; a throng; a heap World of Wonders. M. MACK*, n.s. [a corruption of make, m the North of England.] A sort; a kind; a fashion. To M A'DDLE*, mad'-dl. v. n. To forget ; to wander ; to be in a kind of confusion. Brockett. MA'MMERING*, mam'-mur-lng. n. s. Confusion ; amazement; hesitation. World of Wonders. ToMANCH* or ToBlUNCH*. See ToMounch. MANG*. n. s. A mash of bran or malt. Grose. Bar- lev or oats ground with the husks. Brockett. MANUFACTORY*, a. Engaged in workmanship ; employed in any manufacture. Lord. MARE*. Used for more in the North of England. MAROON, ma-roon'. n. s. A free negro, or a run- away negro, living in the mountains in the West Indies. Webst. Diet. MA'RTYRLY*, mar'-tiir-le. a. Like a martyr. Gauden. MA'SKERED*, maV-kurd. a. Decayed. See Mos- KERES. MA'TCHER*, matsh'-ur. n.s. One who matches er joins. MA'ULGRE*. ad. Maugre, so written by Spenser. mellow ; rotten. L' Estrange MAUM*. } V a. Soft; MAU'MISH*. . . MAUMY*. > ME'ADQW. [«/.] In New England this word means exclusively grass land, which is moist, and subject to be overflowed, in distinction from upland; and hay that is obtained from such lands is called meadow hay ; while that obtained from uplands is called English hay. In England the word meadow is used in a more unrestricted manner. Pick. Vocab. ME'AGER. [J.] a. Concerning this word, which is often spelled meagre, Mr. Todd remarks, '• The Saxon language has both maegep. and maegne : the writers, therefore, of meager or meagre ar^ both justifiable." To MEAN*, v.n. To moan: to lament. Brockett. 1045 NAR APPENDIX. OFF HT 559.— Fate, far, fall, fat ;— me, m£t;— pine, pm;— ME'DECIN*, mfci'-e-sfn. n. s. A physician. Not in use. See Medicine. ME'ETERLY*. ad. See Meterly. ME'RCHANDABLE*, meV-tshan-da-bl. a. That may be transacted by traffick. Hacket. ME'RCHANT. [J.] n. s. Johnson defines this word as folbws : — " One who trafficks to remote coun- tries; a ship of trade." — Shopkeeper he thus de- fines : — " A trader who sells in a shop ; not a mer- chant, who only deals by wholesale." In the inte- riour of New England, it is very common to call a country trader, a retailer, or shopkeeper, a mer- chant. ME'RRY*. n. s. The common wild red cherry. ME'SSAGE. [«/.] n. s. This word is used in Ameri- ca, in a technical sense, to denote a communication made by the president of the United States to congress, on the state of publick affairs. See An- swer in the Appendix. MET*, n. s. A measure. Grose. METERLY* ad. Moderately. Westmoreland Dia- lect. Tolerably well; within bounds. Brockett. MFNACER*. n.s.A threatener. MFNACY*. n. s. Menace ; threat. Hacket. Obsolete. MINATO'RIALLY* min-a-t6'-re-al-le. ad. With threats. Hacket. To MING*, v. a. To mingle ; to mix. To remind ; to mention ; to call to remembrance. Bp. Hall. To MFRACLE*, nuV-a-kl. v. n. To work a mira- cle. Hales. Not in use. MFSCELLANE*, or MFSCELLEN*. a. Various ; mixed. Hacket. MFSLE*. n. s. Small, misty rain. In the Craven Dialect, mislin. To MISME'ASURE*, m?s-m§zh'-ure. v. a. To measure incorrectly. Young. To MISRECE'IVE*, m?s-rAeeV. v. a. To receive amiss, or improperly. Waterhouse. To MISSE'ND*, mis-send 7 , v. a. To send amiss, or incorrectly. To MISSIONATE, iruW-un-ate. v. n. To perform the services of a missionary. An unauthorized word, sometimes used in America. Pick. Vocab. iMFSTRESSPIECE*, mls'-lrgs-peese. n.s. Chief or- nament ; capital distinction, as applied to a woman. Lord Herbert. To MISYO'KE*, m?s-y6ke'. v. a. To yoke improp- erly. Milton. MI'ZZLE*, rmV-zl. n.s. Small rain. See Misle. MOCCASON, or MOGGASON, mog'-ga-sun. n.s. A shoe of soft leather, without a stiff sole, ornament- ed round the ankle. Webst. Diet. An Indian word. Pick. Vocab. To MO'NEY*. v. a. To supply with money. Tyn- dal. Obsolete. MO'ORAGE*, m6iV-aje. n.s. Station where to moor. Otia Sacra. MO'PSICAL*, mop'-se-kal. a. That cannot see well; mope-eyed. Coles. Stupid ; delirious. Gauden. MO'SKERED*, mos'-kurd. a. Rotten; decayed. Granger. MOTIVITY, m6-uy-6-te. n. s. The quality of being influenced by motives ; the power of producing mo- tion. Dr. Dioiglxt. Not in use. MUCK*, a. Moist ; wet. Grose. MUN*, or MUNS*. n. s. A vulgar term for the mouth. MURMURA'TION*, mur-mur-a'-shun. n. s. [mur- muratio, Lat.] A low sound ; the act of murmuring, or muttering. MUSH. n. s. Food of maize, flour and water boiled. (Local.) Webst. Diet. Used, in some of the South- ern States, for the same thing that in the Northern States is called hasty pudding. Pick. Vocab. N. NA'GGY*. a. Contentious ; disposed to quarrel. North of England. To NA'RROW*. v. n. To be diminished with respect to breadth ; to grow narrow. [In farriery ] A horse is said to narrow, when he does not take ground enough, and does not bear far enough oui to the one hand or the other. Farrier's Diet. NARROWER*, nar'-r6-ur. n. s. The person or thing which narrows or contracts. Ccelebs. NA'SCENCY*, nas'-sen-se. n. s. [nascens, Lat.] Pro duction. Annot. on Glanville. NA'SUTE*. a. [nasutus, Lat.] Critical ; nice ; cap tious. Bp. Gauden. NATIONALITY. [T.] The definition given by Mr. Todd to this word is, " national character ;" but it is used rather to denote partiality or attach- ment to one's nation or country. NA'USCOPY*, naws'-ki-pe. n.s. [vavs and cKo-nito.] The art of discovering the approach of ships, or the neighbourhood of lands, at a considerable dis- tance. Maty. NAUSE ATJON*, naw-she-a'-shun. n. s. The act of nauseating. Bp. Hall. NEARSFGHTED*, nefer-sl'-teU a. Shortsighted ; applied to one who distinguishes objects only which are near. To NESH*. v. a. To render weak ; to soften injuri- ously. Not in use. NEWFA'NGLE*, or NEWFA'NGLIST*. n. s. One desirous of novelty. Tooker. NFGGLER*, nig'-gl-ur. n.s. One who is clever and dexterous. Grose. NOB*, n. s. The head, in ridicule. A low word. NOE'TICK*, n6-eV-ik. a. Oo^i-tri;.] Intellectual j transacted by the understanding. Waterhouse. NO'MAD*. n. s. A wandering tribe or party. San- dys. NO'NNY*. n. s. The same as ninny. NOTICEABLE, n6'-i!s-a-bl. a. That may be ob- served. Webst. Diet. This has been thought to be an Americanism ; but, though it is not in the English dictionaries, it has been used by English writers. See Quart. Rev. vol. xxv. p. 559. Pick. Vocab. To NO'TIFY. [J.] This word, which signifies to make known, is improperly used in the United States in the sense of to inform : as, to notify a per- son of a thing, instead of the proper English use, to notify a thing to a person. Pick. Vocab. O. O'ASIS*, b'-n-sh. n. s. A fertile spot surrounded by an arid desert. A word adopted by modern orien- tal travellers, and coming into general use. OBLATION ER*, ob-la'-shun-ftr. n. s. One who makes an offering as an act of worship or rever ence. More. To O'BLIGATE. [J.] This word is frequently used in the United States. It is in Johnson's Dictionary, but not now in approved use in England. Pick. Vocab. OBNOXIOUS. [/.] This word is often used in the United States in the sense of odious, offensive, nox- ious, disagreeable. Pick. Vocal). Though there are some English authorities in favour of this use of it, as Burke, Pitt, and the Quarterly Review, yet it is not authorized by the dictionaries, and it has been censured by English criticks. Mr. Crabb, however, considers obnoxious and offensive as synonymous words. OBSCU'RER*, ob-skure'-ur. n. s. Whatever or whoever obscures. Lord. To OBSTUTIFY*, 6b-stu'-pe-f 1. v. a. To render stupid. Annot. on Glanville ' O'CCURSE* dk'-kfirse. n. s. [pecursus, Lat.] Meet- ing. Burton. OCHLO'CRATY*, 6k-l6k'-ra-te. n. s. [^Ao/cpana.] Government by the mob. Downing. OCTOGENARIAN*, 6k-t6-je-na/-re-an. n. s. [pcto- geni, Lat.] One who is eighty years of age. O'FFSET. [J.] n. s. Much used by American law- yers, instead of the English term set-off; it is also very common, in popular language, in the sense of an equivalent. Pick. Vocab. 2046 PHR APPENDIX. PRE — n6, move, n6r, not; — tube, tub, bull; — 6)1; — pound; — thxn, THis. OM1LE TIC/ L*, om-eMeV-e-kal. a. Mild ; humane ; j friendly. Farindon. See Homiletical. CWSTEAD*, on'-stgd. n. s. A single farm-house. Grose. OPFPAROUSLY*, 6-pV-a-rus-le. ad. Sumptuous- ly; abundantly. Waterhouse. To OPPORTUNE*, v. a. To suit. Dr. Clarke. Not in use. O'PPROBRY^op'-pri-bre. n.s. Opprobrium. John- son. OPPU'GNANT*, Sp-pugZ-nant. a. Opposing; resist- ing ; repugnant. Darcie. To OSCITATE, os'-se-tate. v. n. To yawn ; to gape. Johnson in the definition of To Yawn. Perry. To OSS*, r. n. To offer; t( try; to essay; to set about any thing. North of England. O UMER*. n. s. [ombre, Fr.] The shade. Grose. / USEN*. n. s. Oxen. Grose. To OUTBU'RN*. «. a. To exceed in burning or flaming. Young. O'UTER*, 6ut'-ur. n. s. Dispossession. Clayton. To OUTFE'AT*, 6ut-feet / . v. a. To surpass in ac- tion or exploit. Waterhouse. O'UTING*. SutMng. n. s. A going from home. Cheshire Dialect. An airing. Craven Dialect. To OUTNA'ME*, S&t-name'. v. a. To exceed in naming or describing. Beaumont and Flewlier. To OUTSFN*, 6ut-sin'. v. a. To sin beyond. Kil- lingbeck. OVER, for under : as, "He wrote over the signature of Junius." An unwarrantable innovation, still countenanced by a few American writers. Pick. Vocab. O'VERLINESS*,