ass. ii_8M- [look ,Ml 1 1 PRDSK.NTKI) liY p7r3 fi^^ ^ f^ MAT ED. ^. TO THK ^ %m\^^ awl o^#wcffOM^ OF THK AN' l> 1( 1 '111 1 . SUMMER AND WINTER RESORTS OF CALIFORNIA, A5s'T* KSPKCIAl.l.V li ^>-m^ ¥l)e Mos^t Clfcii'iDiiiif ?(eii.^icle l)e^^oft h) tl\e Wodd, A xj:> r< )ssks.sVj\t4, ' II \i>rti 'BTl^t) riT,° THE MOST EQUABLE TEMPERATURE IN AMERICA. The IVTost DeU^htful Wlater Ri©8errt era tli© Paeii^e 0Q98t. THIS NEW AMD MAGNIFICENT HOTEL Is Kept Open during the Winter for the Reception of Tourists and Seekers after Health and a Mild Equable Climate. THE HOTEL DEL MONTE is one of the most el('IT10N T<> TIIK MORNING TltAI.V KUO.M SAN FRANCISCO, to which will be attached KI.EGANT I'AKLOR CARS, WILL, CON-TfljItTE TQ IlUN, tV ,. i • i ■ AFTEENOON IKXri^E^^ TMlikP'. ON': BXti^p^li^NGLY FAST TIME. With tlio view of accommodating hcatls of ^nmiliee,' and nli Ensteni tonri'-t^ who may wish to spend (lieir Snlidays in Monterey, the Company will issue EXOIIHSIOIV TICKETS at very low rate-, ^ G(Oiid,fc«yi.i..f.«.ti!r,1a> i-)itir Mf.bday. i^ibhij^i'N^. TirK-ftn trill nlno hf ismirtl frni^ijt>(\J'l'^(i("fjrf(t.y«ifhihito'ii the J^fte'-of the Cent ral J'aci fie Jtailroml . For particulars and prices apply to "Manaf?ers Hotel del IMonte, Monterey, Cal., or to A. 0. BASSETT, cor. 4th aiid Townsend Sts , San Praucisco, Oal. California and the North Pacific Coast are at present connected with tlie railroad system of the Eastern States by means of two through Overland Routes, viz. : (1) The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads, Avhich together constitute the Northern Route, via Omaha and Salt Lake; And (2) the Southern Pacific Route, consisting of the Southern Pacific Railroad be- tween San Francisco and El Paso, and the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Ft-, between Kansas City and El Paso. These two Companies, with their branches and tributary lines, comprise nearly all of the railroads of standard gauge in operation on the Pacific Coast. They consist as follows: CENTRAL PACIFIC SYSTEM. JLVIN LINE, San Francisco (via Nilcs) to Ogden . OREGON DIVISION, Eoseville to Redding 1.51 ;/j SAN JOAQUIN DIVISION, Lathrop to Goshen 146!^ SAN JOSE BRANCH, Niles to San Josi; 17)^ BRANCHES IN AND ABOUT OAKLAND 1',% SOUTHERN PACIFIC SYSTEM. 1,216 Tributary Roads. AM.VDOR BRANCH 2T^ CALIFORNIA PACIFIC ll.j>^ STOCKTON AND COPPEROPOLIS 49 NORTHERN RAILWAY 130 SAN PABLO .\ND TULARE 46}^ SACRAilENTO AND PLACERVILLE 40)^ V.\CA VALLEY R. R 29 BERKELEY BRANCH 3?^ 450J^ 1.6661^ SAN FRANCISCO TO TKES PINOS. TULARE VALLEY LINE MONTEREY R. R. (leased) POLONIO PASS DIV. (in progresB) Southern Divisions. HURON TO GOSHEN 40 GOSHEN TO LO i ANGELES 240 LOS ANGELES TO YUMA 249 LOS ANGELES TO "WILMINGTON 22 Arizona Division. YUMA TO BOUNDARY LINE .143 . 16 . 15 176 .160 .385 New Mexico Division. ARIZONA BOUNDARY TO EL PASO Independence Division. LOS ANGELES TO SANTA MONICA San Diego Division. LOS ANGELES TO SANT.V .\NA 28 ,IS3 PasBcngcre going overland (East) leave San Francisco depot, foot of Market Street; Express at 0.:;o a.m. daily; Emigrant at 4.30 p.m.; Virginia City Express at 4.3i) p.m. Passengers going overland (West) leave Ogden at 6.00 p.m. daUy. Passengers for Oregon, Washington Territory, nnd Sac- ramento Valley towns, leave S.-.n Francisco (via JIartinez) at 0.3) a.m daily, and Sacramento at 2.2 ) p.m. daily. Passengers for Los Angeles, Southern California, Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora, etc., leave San Francisco (via Oali- land) at 4.00 p.m. daily. '^MM F^€iFi€ FQ^miMr. A VISION OF THE GOLDEN COUNTRY. WMM ^^€iFi€ WQWmSSW. 8 Union-Central Route. ^liuoug iIk' more notul)lc places and features aloug the route of the railroad lines on the Paeific C'oast are: Salt LaUc City. — The chief Mormon set tlement, ;)4 miles, by rail, south of the Oijden terminus in Utah. Virffi nia City. — The seat of the celebrated Comstock Silver Mines, 5'2 miles, by rail, south of Reno, Nevada. Lake Tuhoe. — A beautiful sheet of w^ater, 6,000 feet above sea-level, surrounded by moun- tains, the peaks of v^fhich rise to 10,000 feet alti- tude; 17 miles, by stage, .south from Truckee or Summit station, Cal. Steamboat on the lake. Gold 3Iines {Hydraulic Working), Grass Valley and Dutch Flat. — Quartz mining and " Placer," or hydraulic gold mining, may be witnessed on the western slope* of the Sierra Nevada, adjacent to the line of the road, on a colossal scale. Dutch Flat, 38 miles west of the Summit, is the seat of extensive placer mining operations. Grass Valley, Nevada, 23^-2 miles north of Colfa.v station, by rail, and the latter, are seats of both quartz mining and gold washing. Sacramento. — The State capital, contains a tine Capital Building, State Institutions, Kail- road Shops and Hospital, Private Residences, and displays of tropical plants. Northern California, Okegon, and North- west Territories. The line from Sacramento north passes up the broad Sacranu-uto Valley, enclosed by high mountain ranges which consist of a succession of icheai Jieldn and fntii fanun. No such area of grain culture is elsewhere visible, unless it be in the San Joaquin Valley, the southern counter- part of this same great axial depression of California. Mount Shasta, Pinnacle Rocks, Soda Springs. — The stage route from tlie present terminus at Redding to the railroads in Oregon, 275 miles, crosses the beautiful McCloud river, and follows up the Sacramento or Pitt river, both of them romantic, clear streams, fed by snows and glaciers on Mount Shasta and other high ranges. About 50 miles north is passed a .series of fantastic columns known as Pinnacle Rocks. About ()() miles from Redding is Fry's Soda Springs, a favorite resort fur li.shing and limiting sportsmen. 7o miles of staging brings one to Sisson's Hotel, at the foot of Mount Shasta. This is not like mo.st of the protuberant points in the chains or ranges of mountains in the United I States, but imi>resses with a singular and peculiar ! interest the observer, from the fact that it is an isolated "butte" or cone, standing between two ranges and overlooking the eountrj' for a hun- dred miles around. It has a summit altitude of 14,444 feet above the ocean, and its snow-capped sides are visible from vessels on the Pacific ocean. The ascent to the summit can be made and the glaciers studied with safety in the warmer half of the year. Taken altogether, for sublimity and massive grandeur, the spectacular interest of Mount S'lasta and its environs i,g un- rivalled in the United States, and it is justly begin- ning to share of late, with the Yo-Semite Valley, the distinction of a world-wide wonder. A few miles north of Redding the stage passes the U. S. Salmon Hatching Establishment. Excellent sal mou and trout fishing is found in the streams on this route, and also deer and other wild game at several points along this route toward Oregon, including the wild mountain sheep, a few of which still survive. Beyond the northern boundary of California may be observed numerous snow}^ peaks and objects of interest, including the evidences of volcanic action on the grandest scale, extinct craters, floating pumice, sunken rivers, etc., in- cluding the memorable Mount Hood. The Columbia river itself is a remarkable stretch of fine scenery for hundreds of miles of its length. From San Francisco, several attractions invite the tourist and sight-seer iu many direction-. Con.spicuous among these, of cour.^e. near the southern arms of the Central Pacific Itailmad, is; The Yo-Semite Valley. — This marvel of variety and .scenic effect is situated about 250 miles from the metropolis, and may be reachcfl by either of the four routes described: 1. By C. P. R R. to Milton, laj miles, and sta^re via llic CalavcraH Grove of Big Tiees, 147 miles. i. By C. P. R. R. to Atilton. l*i miles, and stage via t'oul- tervillc, S8 miles. 3. By U. P. R. R. to Merced, 151 miles, ami stage via Mariposa Bi_' Trees, 9a miles. 4 ByC. P. R. R. to Madera, 173'^ miles, and stage via Mariposa Big Trees, 79 miles. Tin- time and fare by either route are about the same. Passengers by the two latter routes, 2 v^ -fir' ^ ^^ j^ If ^1 ^ ,i , I ■ ^-^.:'^'_^ -^-^r. ^jp:^;" 1% fo'i v.O L*-^ :^ WME Pm€iFI€ W&W^iSW. however, can take sleeping cars and connect ■with stages, going or coming. Further south, at a point nearly oppositj Goshen Junction, upon the headwaters of King's river, is the Iletch-hetchy Valley^ with deep chasms and precipitous cataracts, and fine specimens of very charming summer hotels and Sulphur Springs. At Calistoga, the famous hot and cold sulphur springs, '' soup spring," and other curi- osities. Both routes to the Geysers abound in extensive vineyards. At Vallcjo are the gov- ernment naval stations and dock-yard. PEESCOTT, CAPITAL OF ARIZONA. the Sequoia Gigantea (Big Trees'*. Roads for wheeled vehicles have not yet penetrated it, but it is accessible by horses. California Pacific Railroad. Next, perhaps, in scenic interest are the Gey- sers and Petrified Forest. These may be taken in the same trip by the California Pacific Railroad to Calistoga, 73 miles, and stage, 2o m'.les. In the Napa Valley is si;uated the much-used Napa Natural Soda Spring. Near Saint Helena are SouxnERN Pacific Railroad. The other great overland line from the Pacific to the Atlantic, now nearing completion, ap- proaches San Francisco without crossing the bay. It is destined to be one of the great high- ways of the Continent, and is already the longest continuous strctcli of main line railroad, under the same control, in the United States, and per- haps in the world. The southern portions are temporarily worked under lease to the Central Pacific. Tmm (p^€iFie wQi^msT, Southern Overland Route. San Jo.sf, .'lO mik'.s suiilli nf .Saii Fraiuisct), is a la'auliful inland town nf 20,000 inhabilants, favored in its slifltcTod position and climali-, witli several line public buildings-, and is espe- cially noticeable for the kixuriane<' and taste of its private grounds and gardens, tliose of Oen. Naglee being justly renowned. cliief uf these, combining, .so to speak, the Long Branch and C^ai^e May of the West coast, since ] the ncAv importance lias been given to the ancieni i capital, is ^lonterey. A branch road lias recently I been reconstructed so as to provide direct tran sit to and from Monterey, and admit to its many I attractions of .sea bathing, drives, parks, groves, j and congenial climate visitors and the populatinn ' of tlie rest of (Jidifornia. An express train r" PLAM OF LOOH TehachapiPass SOUTHERN PACIFID !k ^. RAILROAD i" *■ ~ ■i'.SjMl^ 'I'l.HACM Al'l P.\SS. Along the line of the Southern Pacific are several suburbs, Millbrae, Belmont, Menlo Park and Santa Clara, distinguished for the elegance, splendor and amplitude of their private resi- dences and grounds, some of which have no rivals in America. MonUreti Sea-Side Resort and Sani- tariuni, — The watering places of the Pacific Coast are situated at some distance south of the great central harbor, where a more equable climate and le.ss trying atmosphere prevail. The leaves the city in the afternoon (returning in the morning), making the trip in about three liours. Parlor cars attached to this train. Fare, s:{. Excursion, $">. Besides the new " IIotki, Del Monte," a wonder in its way, situated in a superb grove of live oaks, and surroundeany have also erected an elegant hotel, which will be described further along; also bath-hou.ses, stables, etc.. etc. The Scetievji of M nitcrey. — There is pro- bably no place upon the Pacific Coast so replete with natural charms as Monterey. Its exquisite beauty and variety of sceneiy are diversified with ocean, bay, lake and streamlet; mountain, hi'l and valley, and groves of oak, cypress, spruce. ])ine and other trees. The mountain views are very beautiful, particularly the Cabilan and Santa Cruz spurs. That which will the quickest engage fheob.servation of the visitor is the yi'\wv fringed slope near tOAvn, and the grove that .surrounds the" Hotel del Monte." Ihe Climrrte and Jlealthfufness of Monterey. — The weather at Monterey is noi .so warm, either in summer or winter, as in other parts of California further south, but there is an even temperature that can be found nowhere else. From January to December, year in and year out, there is reallj' neither summer nor winter weather. Indeed, the weather at Mon TMM ^^€IFI€ W&W^MIBT, 11 tcrey, from one year's end to the olher, partsikps j for 1876, and was kept l>y Captain Chase, of tlu; of that delightful interlude known in the East Coast Survey. Tlint for San Diccro was kept hy ■pt Dr. W. S. KiiiLT, of tlie army, in ]Sr)P,. Tlie Fort Yuma recoi-d was kej)t bj' officers of tin; and South as Indian summer. Xo California tourist .should miss a visit to Monterey, a:;d . _. . _ , especially during the iriiiier vwnlhs. Invalids I army, in 1851. All others are taken from notes may proloni; life at this delightful spot, for the : of travelers or from liooks written from friendly |)ure oxygen contained in every atom of air aud i and sometimes enthusiastic standpoints. It is SCENES IN THE YO-SKMITE VALLEY, t.— bridal Veil Full. 2.— Mirror Lake snuffed in at every breath has a luost efficacious effect upon the system. The table of temperature for Monterey wa< kept in 1874 by Dr. E. K. Abbott, a correspond- ent of the United States Signal Service; that for San Francisco by many parties, and is a mean of most any three years; Los Angeles l)y W. 11. Brodri:k (for 1871), who took observations four times a day for seven years. The Santa Barbara record is for 1869, and was kept by officers of the Coast Survey. The Santa Monica record is probably as accurate a table as can be made, and is a representative one, embracing, as it does, the most noted health resorts in the world. ll will be seen by the above table that the Bay of Monterey has only one rival (Honolulu) in equability of temperature, li must be under- stood, however, that there is a great deal of hot, disagreeable weather on the Sandwich Islands, and a multiplicity of drawbacks which ^Vlonterey does not possess. The following carefully-prepared table presents 12 Wmm Wm€tFJ€ WQWBIBW. the m':'an temperature of Monterey and many o.lier licaltb resorts aud places throughout the world: PLACE. ral IWontcrry, Smii Fraiii.i;-i.o, Los Alii^ule;*. S inta Barbara, San DicRO, " .'7 Santa Monica, " 53 Sacramento " 45 St()c'kt3n, " 49 Vallfjo, " 48 Fort Yiiina. 5(i Cincinnati 3J Now York 31 Now Ork'ana 55 Naples 4() Ilonol.ilu 71 FuncUal | 60 Mentone : 40 Genoa ' 4'i ( ityof Mexico | 52 Jacksonville, Fla . ...... 58 St Augustine " ' 59 Jan de-f 4.) July. Diff. dcgs dcTO. 58 6 5f 8 f.7 13 C) 10 C,> 8 G5 7 73 23 72 23 er 19 'J2 30 74 44 77 4'i 82 27 7(! 31 77 6 70 1!) 73 33 77 31 G3 11 8') 22 77 IS Latitude. The followinG: table shows the winter temper- ature for 1877-8-9: Dec. 1877,51° Jan. 1877.49° Feb. 1877,50° " 1878,55°...." 1878,51° " 1878 53° " 1870,51° " 1879,51° " 1879,54° Purity of atmosphere is the great desideratum of the seeker after health. During the warm season, or summer months, from May to Octo- ber, the mercury seldom rises to G5 , as the heat from the valleys and mountain sides is tempered by cooling winds from the ocean between meri- dian and sunset, and by breezes from the moun- tain gaps during the night. During what may be termed the winter months 50 will mark, on an average, the mean temperature, and water is never congealed. The very fact that many per- sons wear overcoats at night and sleep in blank- ets the year round, and that all field work from January to December is performed by laborers in their shirt sleeves, presents a better and more unequivocal illustration of the equability of the we.itiier, perhaps, than any other incident that might be presented. The beallhfulnes" '>f this section is simply unquestionable, and is second to none in the world. What is generally known as the rainy season commences in November, and lasts three or four months. Most people who have never vi.sitcd California eiToneously imagine that during the " wet season" — called so in contradistinction to the dry months — rain never cea.ses to descend. This popular error is corrected bj^ glancing at weather tables, which invariably .-how that during tlie wet season in C lifornia there is not only less rain, but more fair and beautiful days than in that portion of the United Scales between the Mississippi River and the Atlantic Ocean during the same time. The foil )vving figures, representing the mean temperature of January and July, and the aver- age annual rain-fall (in inches) in Mentone, St. Paul, St. Augustine (Florida), and also in San Diego, Santa Barbara. Los Angeles, and 3Ion- terey (California), afford a subject well worthy of consideration: Jan. July. San Diego 57=' 05° Santa r.arbara 50 GO St. Augustine .... 59 77 St. P.ml 13 73 Mentone 30 09 Los Angeles 55 67 Monterey . 52 58 Rain-fall. 10 15 .55 30 23 18 11 After each rain-fall at Monterey the sun comes out warm, and in 24 hours after the most copious pour there are no traces of the visitation left ex- cept in firm, mudless grounds aud roads, and fresh growths of grasses, shrub.s, and flowers. Sanitary Facts for Consideration. The deaths for each one thousand inhabitants, in several of the leading cities of the United States, are presented in ihe following table, and the comparison cannot fail to be suggestive: St. Louis 21 San Francisco 21 Boston 24 Chic go 24 Pliilactelphia 25 Baltimore 27 New Y'ork 29 New Orleans 37 Los Angeles, Cal 13 San Diego, Cal 13 Santa Barbara, Cal... 13 Miintcrey, Cal 10 Cold with moisture leads to pulmonary dis- eases; heat with moisture leads to malarial fe vers; and pulmonary and malarial affections are two of the main classes of mortal disease. Fe- vers carry off about fourteen per cent, (malarial fevers) of the people of the Atlantic States di- rectly; but indirectly they lead to a much larger proportion of deaths, for they there attack nearly WMM ^m€iWm TQW§tiST. 13 everybody : t some period of life, and by enfee- bling t'.ieir system, prepare many to die by attacks of other diseases. In Massachusetts twenty- nine per cent, of all the deaths are caused by diseases of the respiratory organs ; in London, twenty-six per cent. ; in Michigan, twenty-four per cent. ; and in New York, twenty per cent. Proceeding southward toward the Gulf of Mexi- co, consumption decreases, and the more rapid- than four per cent, of the natives of California would die from the ellect of pulmonary com- plaints. Other eminent writers, who have made t lie examination of climate and healthfulncss a life study, declare that fevers and diseases of mala- rial charactercarry off about one half of mankind, and diseases of the respiratory organs one-fourth. From such diseases many or the towns of the southern half of California coast are rcmarkal)ly BRIDAL VEIL FALL, YOSEMITE VALLEY. ly fatal disease of pneumonia takes its place, together with meningit 3 and nervous disorgan- ization. It is safe to say that one-half of the people of the Atlantic, Middle, and Gulf States die, directly or indirectly, by disorders in the functions of the respiratory organs or by fevers. From both thc-e clasijcs of diseases Southern Calif rn'a is comparatively free. Blod^^ett, wlio published his works on climatology in iL^oT, was so favorably imprcs:;cd wi(h the salubrious points of Southern California meteorology, that he felt no hesitancy in declaring that not more free. The dryness of the atmosphere prevents any malarious disease, and \i also a great relief to consumptives. A comparison of the meteoro- logical tables shows that the coast from Monte- rey to Santa IMonica has a better climate fcr con- sumptives than tlie famous Riviera or Mediter- ranean coa' t near Nice, whicli is considered the best place in Europa for them. Nice is not so good a 5 Jlonterey in the winter, and is very much worse in summer. Florida is, after all, a much better place for invalids than the famous Euro- pean sanitariums above named, But neither 14 wmm ^.-^aiFic TOi'BiST, .Fucksoiivillc nor Si. Auijiistiiic ((.iiiimh- \silli France. Naplos is the typical citj' of tlic souili .Monlcrry in any respect. of ]>i'nins of France and AN .\P.V( UK CIIIKF. ince in which liw fi.2:, liie olive, and liie -rape Iijily, hnt neillier e.an inalvc claim to superiority are extensively eiiitivatetl. Nice is tiie centre of when compared with .Monterey, while th" lat a region considered more salubrious, nt lea.st in ter has warmer winters, cooler summers less winter, for consumptives, than any other part of I rain. All the attractions tliat the clear skies of Europe. Dijon is in the champagne district of [ Greece and Italy have had from remote times for wmm pm€iFi€ w&w^iBw. 15 the nntivcs of the cloudy north are excelled by Hoiitliciii falifomia. Tlie superiority of the cli- mate of Monterey over that of Italy has been mentioned by many noted travellers. The Lon- don Spectator says the climate of Southern Cali- fornia and of Tasmania arc "the nearest perfection in the world.'" 0. L. Brace says "it is the most exhilarating."' iSamuel Bowles says " there is a wSteady tone in the atmosphere like draughts of champagne." Robert von Schlaginlweit says "it is like Italy's climate, except that it is not enervating." MoNTERKV Bay. The Bay of Monterey is a magnificent sheet of water, and is twenty eight miles from point to point. It is delightfully adapted to boating and yachting; and many kinds of fish (and especially rock-cod, barracuda, pompino, Spanish mackerel, and flounder) may be taken at all seasons of the year. For bathing purposes the beach is all that could be desired — one long, bold sweep of wide, gently sloping, clean white sands — the very per- fection of a bathing beach, and so safe that chil- dren may play and bathe upon it with entire security. There are also great varieties of sea- mosses, shells, pebbles, and agates scattered here and there along the rim of the bay, fringed as it is at all times with the creamy ripple of the .surf. ' irAR.\CTKR OF THE BeAC:I FOR BaTHTNG Purposes. The beach is only a few minutes' walk from the Hotel del Monte, and is a very fine one. Mr. W. H. Daily, the champion swimmer of the Pa- cific Coast, and who has made himself well acquainted with the character of several of the most noted beaches from San Francisco to Santa Monica, says, in a letter dated 3/'"?iY<'/¥y, December 1"), 1879: " T have made a careful examination of the beach at this place, as to its fitness for pur- poses of bathing. I find it an ea.sy, sloping beach of fine sand; no gravel, no .stones any- where below high water mark. I waded and swam up the beach a quarter of a mile, that is, toward the east, and also westward toward the warehouse, and foand a smooth, sandy bottom all the way; no rocks, no seaweed, and no under- tow. The whiteness of the .sand makes the water beautifully clear. I consider the beach here the finest on the Pacific Coa.st. 1 wasintJie water an hour yesterday, and found it, even at this time of the year, none too cold for enjoyable bath- inff." The bathing estiiblisliment is the largest and completesi on tiie Pacific Coast, and plans for warm salt water plunge and swimming baths have been executed, and tiie buildings for the same will be completed without delay. Hotel Dei, Monte and Grounds. To those who resort to Monterey as a fashion- able watering plac*; during the summer, or as a health resort during winter, the ai)ove-named hotel is looked upon as one of the greatest of all the attractions, not only on account of its being the most magnificent structure on the Pacific Coast, but because it is one of the largest, hand- somest, and one of the most elegantly furnished sea-side hotels in the country. Indeed, no ocean house upon the Atlantic approaches it in its plan of exterior, while its interior finish, accommoda- tions and appointments are much superior to those of any like establishment in the United States. It is built in the modern Gothic style, and is 385 feet in length and 115 feet in width, with wings: there are two full .stories, an attic story, and several floors in the central tower or observatory. Its ground floor in some respects resembles that of the Grand Union at Saratoga; and, as in that and other Eastern summer hotels, the lady guests have access to all the public rooms, and espccia.ly to the office or lobby in the front center of the building, which is 42x48 feet; connecting with the lobh}^ is tlie reading room, 24x26; then a ladies' billiai'd-room, 25x()2; then a ladies' parlor, 34x10, and then, with a hall or covered veranda between, a ball-room 36x72. There is a corridor extending the whole length of the building, 12 feet wide. The dining-room is 45x70; a children's and servants' dining-room is attached, and apartments for parties who jire fer dejeinwrs a la fourchefte. The kitchen is 33x40 feet. There are 28 HuiteH of rooms on ihi^ floor, each with bath-room and all other modern improvements. There are three staircases, one al the intersectiim of each i f the end wings, and a grand staircase leading from the lobby. In the second story there are 4S suites, or about 100 rooms and all other modern improvements. There is also a promenade the whole length of the building, 12 feet in width. In the attic story there are 13 stiiteK and 29 single rooms, 65 apart- ments in all. Tlie central tower, or observatory, is C5.X30 and about 80 feet in height : there are 10 16 WME F^€IF£€ FOt/P^iSF. rooms in the observatory; the end towers are about 50 feet in lioight. The hotel is lighted tliroughout with gas made at the works upon the grounds, and supplied with water from an artesian well upon the premises. No pains have been spared to provide against fire, both in the perfect construction of flues and in the apparatus for extinguishing fl:imcs. The house is elegant- ly furnished throughout. The ladies' bi.liard parlor is one of the largest and most elegantly appointed in the United States. Adjacent to the hotel building is a bar-room and bowling-alley, and smoking rooms for gentlemen. At a .short distance from the hotel is a stable and carriage- house, large enough to accommodate sixiy horses and as many carriages; there is telephonic communication between the hotel and stable. There is hot and cold water throughout the hotel, and a'l other modern appliances and improve- ments. The grounds, consisting of about 106 acres, are entirely inclosed and are beautifully wooded with june, oak, cedar and cypress. There have been about 1 300 young trees added, most of which are English walnut. Croquet plats, an archery, swings, etc., are provided, and choice flowers, shrubs and grasses are growing under the eye of an experienced gardener. The liotel accommodates four hundred people; it is only a , -stone's throw from the .station, which is connected with it by a wide gravel and cement walk. The (Company also own 7,000 acres of land, through which are many excellent drives, and over which roam an abundance of game, in- cluding innumerable deer. There are also sev- eral trout streams near by, from which the gamy fish may be taken at all times in the year, except when the rivers are swollen by rains. Sketch of Carmel Mission. At a distance of about four miles from Mon- terey are the ruins of the San Carlos (or (jarmcl) Mission. This mission one of the four estab- lished towards the end of the eighteenth century in Upper California, by Father Junipero Serra and his coadjutors in the work of civilization, was founded on the ;3d of June, 1770. This was more than two centuries after tiie first discovery of the country. These missions were sent out by the Church, acting in harmony with the wishes of tiie Spanish Government, which iiad given instructions to the Viceroy of New Spain to establish presidios for the protection of the new settlements at points named, notably at San Diego and Monterey. Among the edifices erect- ed in Upper California by the missionary fathers, that of San Cailos was one of the best in style and material. There were good ideas of archi- tectural form in the head that planned this solid building. The two great towers gave an air of dgnity to the vast con.struclion, and one sees, now that ruin has ovei taken tliem, what it can- not be merely fanciful to suppose was inten- tional with the designer, that there is a prevail- ing slope of the walls from the main building from the ground to the roof, so that the general form of the church, seen vol d'o'scau. recalls that of a mound, the very shape of the Syrian Mount Carmel. It is a noble building, standing in a landscape full of enchanting beauties. Inland, the eye looks across the broad leagues that once owned the beneficent sway of the priests, to the distant hills, vaporously blue. Here and there one of the Monterey cypresses stamps the scen- ery with an astonishing likeness to points of \ view common in Italy. So .strong is the resem- blance between this tree and the Ital an stone- pine, dear to the recollection of all travellers; while the view seaward is one not to be sur- l)assed on the Pacific Coast. Nowhere is the water of the Great Ocean more brilliantly varied in hue; sapphire, opal, emerald, cream- white and topaz, mother-of-pearl and cry-tal of every shade, play before the eye with every rush of the mighty wave into the carved and chiselled rocks and long rifts of the coast. Rarely is the aspect of nature more beautiful in loveline.ss, more sympathetic with the train of thought roused by the sight of a stately ruin, with falling towers, the stairs trodden by the priests through long years now crumbling away, the halls and the deserted chapel open to the sad sea-wind. In the church-yard of the Mission lie the re- mains of fifteen Governors of thi.s Province and State, and the tomb of the Apostle of California, Junipero Serra, who died in 1784, stillzalous in his great work. The lands surrounding the Carmel Mission were fertilized by a perennial stream of pure water, and thus offered advan- tages which the fathers were not slow to avail themselves of, for the cultivation of many kinds of vegetables and fruiis. It was on the lands of this mission that the first potatoes grown in California were raised, in 182G. The privilege of planting this esculent was given to the natives WME Fm€lFI€ W&WBiSW. 17 without limit, and they so improved their op- portunities that the whalers, wliich made a regu- lar stopping place of ^Monterey, supplied them- selves with great quantities. The temporal welfare of the estate had reached a great de- velopment in the year 18^.j, when the fathers possi'ssed 90,000 cattle, 50/00 sheep, 2,0C0 horses, 2,000 calves, 370 yoke of oxen, with merchandise to the value of ^jO,(,CO, and over $:0,030 in silver. In 13C5 the property, by a decree of the Mexican Congress, was converted devotion, and go to bury one's self forever in a remote corner of the world, among savages, un- couth in form and dull in mind, and there to toll in planting the seed to which God alone can give the increase. Tliese apostles of the Indians are so near us in time that we can almost touch their hands; hut in spirit they are as far from our sclf-satisfled, loud-babbUng days as the east is from the west. If it be not too late something should be done to save this noble ruin from utter destruction. It is the greatest historical motiu- THE PAINTED ROCKS (P«rfros Pintardos) ON THE PLAINS OF ARIZONA. to secular uses. To look back on the peaceful existence of this little community during its sixty-five years of steady development from in- significant beginnings to the material success indicated by the figures {^iven, 1.3 almost to lay one's hand on the Middle Ages and the conquest of barbaric races by the culture and the religion of the Roman world. The simple trust, the heroic faith, and self-abnegation of these mis- sionaries are of a very different stamp from the qualities we too readily associate wi.h the name of the pioneers. It is one thing to seek a far-off land for the sake of wealth denied to us by for- tune in our native country, it is quite another to leave family and friends and old associations, and the sweet charities of familiar seencs, at tlie call of a religion which accepts no half-hearted ment in the State, and every Californian, of whatever creed, or no creed, should feci a i;er- sonal interest in its preservation. A trifling ap- propriation is all that is needed to save what the elements are destroying; and a generous State pride should need no second appeal in such a case. Cypress Point. Cypress Point, says some writer, is the one spot more perfectly adapted than any other point in the State for pic-nics and camping out. Start out along the Carmel road and take the path througli the woods; climb the hill, and, resting on tlic flowcr-bcdccked turf, surrounded by ferns and groves, take in the view. Adown the wooded slope, carpeted wi;h a profusion of flowers of all colors under the sun, the brown, barren-look- IS Tmm FM€XWIV TQl^i^lBT. inn moorlands of llic Salinas plain lisini; and falling like an inanimalc si'a of inoiionlcss l)il lows, with lure and llierca brijrlit cnici^dd i)ai(li of some small, well tilled farm sliininn' like a rough-set jewel. The stern and sombre Gahilan range, with its serrated ridges and dark ehisters of pine woods, mellowed down with a filmy haze enshrouding its base On our left, the beauti- fully blue waters of the Bay of Monterey, as smooth as a lake, crescented with the lofty Santa Crnz range, its pine-feathered ridges, the white s.mds upon whieh the milk white foam creeps breast. .Vnon, a little suowflake of foam dauct-s on the molten surface as one billow, more i)lay- fiil than there.st, shakes its snowy crest, or the white sails of a ship api)ear, as swan-like she glides along the water. The weird forest, with its gaunt, ghost like black pines moaning in harmony with the ceaseless roar of the waves as the breeze plays thi'ough the branches. Enter the forest, and as you pass through the flowery glades the fragrance of the shrubs and the songs of the birds fall pleasantly on the s;.nses. Pass on, and crossing an open space of green turf, i;t:iN.N k;v tiik orf \t c.vsa orandk in S0UTI1E1{.N aku anil crawls with a sinuous motion like some huge l( viathan of tlir deep. The az.ure heavens flecked with clouds. The whole panorama is one which the all souled artist loves to paint Surely the "Naples hung and bearded tn-es creating a pleasant, subdued light, such as is met with in the ancient minsters and Mooiish alcazars of Europe. An involnn lary thrill of delight runs through one, and from the store-house of the mind rushes a flood of memory of childhoods d.iys with its ancient legtMid of enchanted groves and fairies. A few- steps further and the mystical grove is reached and crosseci, and we gaze with rapture on the beauty of the sea. Surely, (tod's world, beauti fid as it is, can scarcely show fairer spot.s. SCENES IX THE HARBOR OF SAN FRANCISCO. 20 'j^ME P^GIFIG W0¥§t£SF. Landward the imperturbable cypress frrove, silent as the Pyramids, mystical as the Sphirix, tlie i{;ii:ii"le(l i;ray trunks Mipporliii^ llie .nulden green i)ranclies — oil. lit liauuL tor departed spirits, a .Mi-rlin or a slumbering cot lor a ciiild of Cain! Tlie sierras of llic Sant.i Lucia droop down into tiie sea, brown, barren, and velvely, bke some dust begrimed tome in the old library al home, uninviting on tlie outside, but containing untold riches uncli r its glo(jmy and unforbidding garb. Tiic ill-starn (I ^loro lifts its dome shaped bead with llireaiening aspect, warning mariners of the dangers of a rock i)0und coa-^t. The craggy spurs jet out into the ocean, and tlie playful breakers, as ihey dash upon them, .send aloft .showers of spray white as driven snow, wliile the suidight shines through the br.glit green billows as they curl and dasli along in their impetuous, nover ending race. Al our feet the silvery crys- tal sands are sprinkled A^ith aba one shells, sea polished, and the varied colors of the sea mosses. Little pools teem with marine life, forming per- fect aijuaria, and the broad Pacific sweeps en in its uncontrollabl ■ course, bearing upon its bosom the wealth of empires. Cross the point through the woody glades toward Point I'inos, passing pretty bays witii while crystal sands and shelv- ing beaches. Here tlie billinvs charge in with greater impetuosity, but well inland they break in wreathing rippl s at the foot of the green- patcheil sand dunes. The black pines, from which the point was named three hundred years ago, almost skirt the water. The mountains of Santa Cruz bound the view. The many-plumaged sea-birds tiit by, and the sea lions dive under the foaming billows. Stay and watch the selling sun gild the trees and cast a golden ha/.c upou the swelling waters, and then ride home through the moonlit groves, and if your trip to Cypress Point has not been a happj' one blame yourself, for possibly you may have forgotten that — " Tie who joy would win, ^Must share it — happiness was born a twin." The otricers oi the Coast Survej', Prof. San- ders, and hundreds of others who have visited Cypress Grove, declare that there are no such trees elsewhere in the world — that this grove stands alone ! What is TiroucnT of ^Ioxterky? [CorrcspoDdi ncc of S.in Francisco Bulktln.] Tlic awakening from that dream transpired in December, 1B7U, upon the know- ledge of the fact that the managers of the Southern Pacific Railroad had concluded that an ocean suburb was one of the needs of the mctiopolis of the Pacific Coast — some delight- ful spot on the .seashore far enough away to shut off the din of city life, and yet not so distant a-t to use up the best part of a day in journeying thither. Tin se m uiagers bethought themselves of Monterey, the ancien' capital. with its lovely beach, its magnilicent drives, and its incomparable climate, where the midday sun gleams from an undimmed zenith three hundreii days in the year; where the broad expanse of waters, on each succeeding sun.set. stirred to lightest ripples by a gentle west wind, shines like a vast floor of shattered diamonds; where earth, air, sea, and sky are instinct with majesty, and where, tniriy odd years ago. before even the infancy of our Slat •, the beauty and chivalry of the Teriiiory of California gathered. The great desideratum, how. ver, was an ele- gant hotel at jNIonterey; for how could the prin- cipal watering place of the Pacific be made im- mediately ami permanently attractive without a splendid caravansary? and, as no one could be found who would erect a spacious mansion of entertainment, the railroad managers placed the matter in the hands of their own architects, and at once turned their attention to the pur- chase of a tract of land for the erection of their hotel ami for ground surrounding. In the mean- lime, a railway track of standard gauge was laid from Castroville to IVIonterfy, ar.d daily trains set to running regularly between the latter place and San Francisco. In a short time thereafter the grounds were put in excellent order and the '"Hotel del I\I()iite " built and ihrown open to the i)ublic. Is it to be wondered at that Monte- rey at last awoke to the importance of her hopes and responsibilities? " Tlie whirligig of time," it has been said, 'brings in his revenges." In view of the fact that Monterey — the ancient landmark of California civilization — has been transformed from an uninviting adobe town into a fashionable watering place and winter resort for iiiva ids, we may declare that " the whirligig of time "brings in something better than revenge. [Extract from a letter in the A)'(/onaui .] We are promised increased attractions for next year, in the shape of a luxuiious bath-house, ■where we may swim in warm ocean water — a sort of aquatic kindergarten. Then, too, we are to have miles and miles of new-made roads, winding thiough the mountains and among the tall pines. A boarding house is to be erected, where those with an inclination for less luxu- riant living than tlic Del jMonte affords can find accommodation at ten and twelve dollars per week. It is the intention of the managers to keep the hotel open through the winter, lor tl.e benefit of those who wish'to escape the season elsewhere and enjoy the perpetual spring of Monterey; and it dor^s not require the elastic conscience of a Nordhoff to asseit that if there is a spot on this coast calculated for health giv- ing purposes, this is i/ie place — with its shellt red beacli, olTcringt ver}' inclucement to sea bathing; its shady drivi s; beautiful scenery; its healing zephyrs, laden with odorous pin(> balms; and its palatial hotel, wiih a table fit for a king; beds that editors might /.V in forever and never feel a twing'; fljccy. snowy blankets; elegant sur- roundings aiid attentive servants. There is nothing of interest to record in the social line here. People chat, eat, sleep, bathe, roll ten- pins, play billiards, sing, dance, and look happy The parlors are headquarters for those socially inclined, the verandas for those tlirtatiously — where the frou-frou of trailing robes and click of Louis Quinz3 heels keep time with masculine steps, whose slow measure tells of deference and of sentiment in the ascendancy; while the stars tJon, there are many attractions in the old town not previously enumerated and which may be properly presented in this paragraph, such, f(;r instance, as the Cuartel, on California street- Colton Hall, the old Block House and Fort, the old t^'ustom House, ( alaboose, and C-'ommissariat, (.'atholic Church, Cemetery, and whaling and fishing ponds. All of the above-named places THE GEEAT CAiNVON OJ^' THE twinkle, and an old. old story becoines a new one to willing ears and happy, youthful hearts. S. J. M. Objects ob' Interest In and Around Monterey. 1 — The Town of Monterey and Its At- tractions — Asidf> from its historical celebrity, its cl.mate, healthfulness, and delightful situa- COLOKADO RIVERS.— AEIZONA. are obj'cts of more or lc.«s interest, according to the fancy of the beholder. The Cathcan padres. (Jraves are .scattered irregularly about, and are for the most part hardly discern- ible. A little more than half a mile from town is what is known as Wlialing Point, and a quar- ter of a mile further is the Chinese Fishery. hard to find on any coast. There arc ample ac commodations in the bath hou.scs for '200 bathers. A. — R.VCK TuACK. — The hot( 1 managers have already commenced the cou.struction of a mile race track, grand stand, s'able. and other build- ings, hwlf a mil(! from tlie Hotel del .Monte The track occupies a remarkably tine position, over looking the bay, and is supplied with water from a spring near by. 5. — L.voUNA DEh Key. — .Vbout a quarter of a mile from the liotei is a small lake, called La guna del Rey. It is a very pretty little sheet <;f HOTEL UKb MON'l'K AND (iHOUNDS.-MONTKKEY. CALIFORNIA Vdjacent is the .-|)ot wiiere the vessel which lonk Napoleon lionaparte from otT the Island of Elba was wrecke(l; a portion of ib ■ wreck may still be seen al low liile. •1. ilorij. i>i;i. MoNir wo (iiKHNos. Sir ^eC(Hld l>age 111' ci)\ (T ;{. — TiiK Hi;\(i! \M> I'>\rn lIoi>K. — The beacii is about a ((Uarlei' of a mile from llie Hotel del Monte, and is connected with the latter ity walks and drives. .\ more perb ctly desir aide balbinL^ place in every res|)e(i would be water, and i)rovided w ilh boats and step-landings. (i. — LaNDINO Sl'OT (M- FaTIIEU .lUNIl'EKO Si;uuA. — A large wooden ci'oss, near Hie bridge in the Town of Monterey, indicates the landing l)lace of that most celebrated of California i)io- neers, Father .lunipero Sena. Tui-: Pacific (Jrovk Ketueat Associati ln Ca.mi' (lUoiNi). — The eastern boundary is about one mile west of the town of Monterey, and following the sea-shore, the track extends to tlie line fence of the dair\- farm east of the Liirht ■wmm Fm€iFi€ f&wmmf. 23 house. The general airaiigeiiieuts of the en- eauipment are based upon the principles guidinj^ those of the Eastern States, especially the one held at Ocean Grove, in the vicinity of Long- Branch, N. J., and are under the control of the Board of Trustees. One liundn-d acres are di- vided into residential lots, a i)ark, a pleasure ground, a grand avenue, minor streets and av- enues, and the town. The whole is covered by ihe shade of the pines — tall, straight, young- trees — through whose gothic l)ranches the sun- light falls subdued. The encampment com- mands a splendid view of tiie Bav of Monterey and the magnificent scenery surrounding it, wiih pretty bays for bathing places and beautiful groves for rambles. !^. PoiXT PiXoS AND LIGHTHOUSE. — The seals on the tops of these rocks, as the water dashes over tiiein. 1 1. — Cypress Point. I'i.— Pebbi.k Bkacu.— 'I'his beach is rciiclKd by a lovely cypress drive of one mile from V\- press Point. It is a small, i)retly beach, aiid contains many pretty agaies and water droi)s. 1:J.--San Carlos (or Carmel^ JMissiok. 14.— C.\KMi<:i> RivicK Road.- -At the fool of CJ.umel Hill, ihree miles from town, the disciple of Isaak Walton will turn to the left and follow up the Cariuel River, and he will find some tine trout tishing. At the mouth of the Carmel River, in the Fall of the year, there are lots of salmon of good size that can be taken. The San Cle- mente, Garsus, and other creeks have an abun- dance of trout. T^ ™.1_ '"■-i^ ns^.^-i^k ' ^^ -'s- THE .MISSION UP SAN XA.VIER DEL BOO LOCATED NINE MILES SOUTH OF TUCSON. stately beauty which ornaments Point Pinos is situated on an eminencmMIA. The attention of all heads of families or others contemplating going West is called to the extraordinary offers now being made by the SOUTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD CO. IN THEIR SALES OF CHOICE FARMING AND FRUIT AND VINEYARD LANDS, LYING ADJACENT TO THE RAILROAD in Stanislaus, Merct^d, Fresno, Tulare, Kern, Los Angeles, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Benito, Monterey, and Santa Clara Counties, which are UNEXCELLED IN CLIMATE, HEALTHFULNESS, PRODUCTIVENESS OF SOIL, AND ACCESSIBILITY TO MARKET, AND INCLUDE THE Best Wlisoii, Frmitj G-razing, Yiney'Oird, and Timber Lands in America, and are adapted to all purposes of profitable agriculture, and niay be had in tracts of 40 acres or upward, at l)rlces ranf^ing- froiu $:i.50 to $20 per acre, according- to (pialitj-, location, and accessibility to the main line of road. Tliese lands will increase in value annually. Aheady thousands of heads of families have purchased lands along- the Southern Pacific Railroad, and have erected thei-eon splendid farms and homesteads, while many hold lands that they purchased a few years ag-o for from %-i .50 to 8-0 per acre at from $35 to $1.50 per acre, for six-cul;;- live purposes. Almost everywhere throughout the counties above named, no snow, and only an occasional frost, that does MO harm, is ever seen. There is really NO WINTER WEATHER in Southern Califoi-nia, and not one home in one hundred ever has a fire except for culinary purposes. The summer -weather is never oppressive, as in tjie Eastern and Southern States, while the nights are cool the year i-ound. In Santa Clara, San Benito, Monterey, Stanislaus, Merced, Fresno, Tulare, and Kern, the staples are wheat, rye, barley, and wool, which are produced without irrigation. All kinds of fruits and vegetables are raised with irrigation, also cotton, tobacco, and hemp. Wine-making and oi-charding are extensively carried on in Santa ( 'lara County. In Los Angeles, San litu-nardino, and San Diego Counties, are produced all of the semi-tropii-al fruits, such as oranges, lemons, bananas, fig.s, nuts, and all the cereals. One-fourth of all the wine and biaiidy made in California is produced in Los Angeles County ; the finest oranges and lemons to be found in the world are raised in Los Angeles. San Bernardino, and San Diego Counties ; also llie best honey. In 1878, l,os Angeles had, according to the assessor,s' report, 1S0,0()0 bearing orange, JSO.COO lenu)7i, and ;5,000 olive trees; also about li.CilO.iKO bearing grape-\ines. The lands along the Colorado River are as rich as those at the mouth of the Dan- ube or the Nile, and will i)roduce either corn, rye, wheat, tobacco, hemp, or cotton. There are several i)arties (■xi)crlmenting with rice and sugar. Over 6.5,000 people June alrc^ady taken up homes in Southern California siiu-e the completion of the Soutliern Pacific Itailroad, and great ind\icements will be offered to the hundi-i'ds of tliousands who will follow in the course of the next few >ears. Every person contemplating permanent settlement at any point west of the Allegheny Mountains should, before applying elsewhere, get a circular oi- pamphlet setting forth -what has l)een brielly stated above, which will l>e sent gratis by applying in ](erson or aildrcssing JEROME MADDEN, Land Agent, S. P. R. R., (ORXKU FOlRill AMI) TOWNSEKI) STREETS, SAN FRAXCISCO, lAL. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS