Glass ^gTy^' 
 Book: 
 
«^>t^^ ar^(My{h^^Y^^<^^^^ 
 
IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR, 
 
 BORN JUNE 6, 1813, DIED MAY 12, 1883 
 
 P R I V A T ELY PRINTED. 
 
 1884. 
 
SRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 The suljject of this sketch was liorn in Livennore. 
 Androscoggin (then Oxford) County, Jnnc (1, 1813, and 
 is a. descendant in the seventh generation from John 
 Washhurn, the first of the name who came to America, 
 and who was a native of Evesham. Worcestershire. 
 England, wlience he emigrated in IGol. He is under- 
 stood to have been the Secretary of tlie first council of 
 Plymouth in England. He was from that part of the 
 coimti'y where the UKist strenuous opposition was made 
 to the arbitrary acts of King Charles the 1st, and the 
 Puritans were most numerous and unyielding to royal 
 authority. From this section the armies of Hampden 
 and Cromwell were largely recruited. John "Washburn, 
 the pr()genit(.>r of the New England families of that 
 name, was of that sterling Puritan stock, and, having 
 left England a few yi-ars previous to the commence- 
 ment (.)f the great ciA'il war, he was thoroughl}' imbued 
 with those ideas of repuldican liberty as opposed to 
 kingly premgative, that finally became the ruling prin- 
 
8 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, .JR. 
 
 cijjles on which not only the government of the New 
 Enghmd Colonies, but subsequently of the whole Ameri- 
 can union, was founded. 
 
 John Washliurn, on his arrival in this country, first 
 settled in Duxbury, Mass., as early as 1632. In 1634, 
 he purchased the place known as the " Eagle's Nest," 
 whence he removed to Bridgwater about 1665. Israel 
 Washburn, the father of the subject of this notice, was 
 born in Raynham, Mass., November 18, 1784, and came 
 to Maine in 1806, where he was a school teacher for a 
 year or two, and then was engaged in ship-building and 
 merchandising at White's Landing, now Richmond, on 
 the Kennebec I'iver, vmtil 1809, when he removed to 
 Livermore, where he resided at the homestead farm of 
 the Norlands, until his death, September 1, 1876. He 
 was engaged here in trade for many years, and took an 
 active interest in town affairs, and was often an officer 
 of the town government. Before the separation of 
 Maine from Massachusetts in 1820, he represented the 
 town for several years in the CTenei'al Court. His 
 father and grandfather, the former a soldier of the 
 Revolution, were both prominent men in Bristol County. 
 Both served repeatedly in the Legislature, or General 
 Court as it was called, the younger having Iteen a mem- 
 ber of the convention which adopted the first constitu- 
 tion of the commonwealth. 
 
BIOGRAPHY. 9 
 
 Mr. Washl turn's niDther was a daughter of Samuel 
 Benjamiu, a native of Watertown, Mass., aud a Lieu- 
 tenant in the revolution who served in the army from 
 the battle of Lexington to the surrender of Cornwallis 
 at Yorktown. and was in both engagements. 
 
 Her mother was Tal>itha Livermore, a relative of 
 Elijali Livermore, the founder of tlie town. The chil- 
 ilren of Mr. and Mrs. Washlturn, Ijesides the subject of 
 this 2'iip'^'^''' "^^'fi'f Algernon Sidney, a merchant and 
 banker, wlio recently died at Hallowell ; Elihu B., a. 
 representative in Congress for sixteen years from Illi- 
 nois, Secretary of State, and Minister Plenijiotentiary 
 to France ; (Jadwallader C. a representative in Congress 
 from Wisconsin for ten years, Maj(jr General of Volun- 
 teers in the civil war, and Governor of the State of 
 Wisconsin, who died May 14, 1882 ; Charles A., an 
 editor in San Francisco, Minister Resident at Paraguay 
 and author of an elaborate and voluminous liistor}' of 
 that country and several other works; Samuel B.. a 
 Captain of the volunteer navy in the civil war ; William 
 D., a manufacturer of Hour and lumber in ?>Iinnesota, 
 and representative in Congress from that State; three 
 daughters, and a son who died in infancy. 
 
 Israel Washburn. Jr.. was not a college graduate, but 
 under [trivate histructors he became a fine classical 
 scholar, and from his vouth was a great student of the 
 
10 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 highest order of English literature. At the age of 
 eighteen, he commenced the study of the law, and three 
 years later, in October, 1834, was admitted to the Bar. 
 He commenced practice as a lawyer in Deceml)er of the 
 same year, at Orono, Penobscot County. The lumljer- 
 ing interest in that part of the State was then of great 
 importance, and Mr. Washljurn very soon entered on 
 an extensive and lucrative practice. This continued 
 till he was elected to Congress in 1850, with the ex- 
 ception of one term in the Legislature of the State in 
 1842. 
 
 Mr. Washburn was a memljer of the Wing party, 
 and in the year 1848 was first nominated for Congress 
 by that party. But as for many years the District in 
 which he lived had been almost uniformly Democratic, 
 and represented in Congress by Democrats, he at his 
 first canvass failed to be elected. But owing to a di- 
 vision in the Democratic ranks at the next election 
 (1850), Mr. Washburn was chosen by some 1,500 ma- 
 jority. At the election two j'ears later, however, he 
 was returned by a large majority over all competitors, 
 and this majority continued to increase at ever}- subse- 
 quent election till 1860, when, having been nominated 
 for Governor of the State, he was no longer a candidate 
 for Congress ; thus he had l)een chosen to and served in 
 the Thirtv-second, Thirtv-third. Thirtv-fourtli. Tlurty- 
 
BiOGEApny. 11 
 
 fifth and Tliirty-sixtli Congresses. During this peri(jtl 
 of service, he was made Chairman of tlie Committee on 
 Elections, and was also a memljer of the Committee on 
 Waj-s and Means. Pacific Railroad, and of several less 
 important committees. It was about the time (Decem- 
 ber, 1851) when Mr. Washbui'n first took his seat in 
 Congress that the question of slavery extension began 
 to overshadow all other questions in national politics. 
 and to threaten the destruction of old party ties. Tlie 
 existence of slavery, which for a long time the people 
 generall}' had ac(pTiesced in as an evil, but an evil to 
 be let alone, now began to l)e felt and recognized as a 
 wrong and a crime. The speeches and writings of the 
 best minds in the country, of those who recognized the 
 " higher law," and who held, like Carlyle, that a Lie 
 could not always endure, took h(jld on the popidar con- 
 science ; the Dragon's teeth of Cadmus were sown broad- 
 cast, and when the irrepressilile conflict between freedom 
 and slavery arose, the armed men sprang up in legions 
 ready for the issue. The deljate in Congress l)ecame 
 earnest, acrimonious and Intter to a degree never known 
 before. The insolence and arrogance of the plantation 
 were carried into the halls of Congress, and by them it 
 was attempted t(j overawe tlie members frtjin the free 
 States from the expression of the sentiments whieh 
 were fast crystalizing into fixed principles throughout 
 
12 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 the entire North. Concessions to the demands of the 
 South had so long been the rule in Congress, that it 
 seemed as if the entire government was like to pass 
 into the hands of the slaveholders. To many, the 
 threat that the South would secede if it could not have 
 its way in everything, was enough to bring to its sup- 
 port many who at the outset should have defied and 
 reljuked their treasonable utterances. 
 
 On the 24th of May, 18-52, Mr. Washliurn delivered 
 an elaborate speech in the House, in which, after show- 
 ing that the South had for jenrs heen becoming mure 
 and niore aggressive in its demands for legislation in 
 the interests of slavery and was ol)taining all it de- 
 manded, he appealed to those from the South who 
 threaten disunion, and to those from the North "who 
 encourage them Ijy their timidity and hesitation, in the 
 following words : 
 
 " Look at the prospect which disunion opens, you who threaten 
 it whenever a vote is lost ; what would you do with our common 
 history, and common biography? And the star-lighted banner, 
 what would you do with that ? What colors would float over 
 us in our border forays across the Potomac^in our incursions 
 upon Kentucky ? and under what sign would /icr sons descend 
 on the plains of the IJuckeyes ? The stars and stripes could be 
 the standard sheet of no divided empire. That flag represents 
 the whole country ; it can stand for nothing short of tlie whole ; 
 edged by the ocean on either side, the mid-continent its field, 
 its stars our miglity lakes, its stripes our magnificent rivers, 
 
BIOORAPnY. lo 
 
 who will dare to cut that flag in twain, or tear it into rags? 
 Come depression, come misrule, come war, come on ' Iliad of 
 woes,' if they must come — let us bear them as we nu\y — we 
 can survive and outgrow them all. We are still here, here, 
 Americans, citizens of the Great Eepublic. But let intestine 
 strife prevail, and sectional jealousies be aroused till disunion 
 shall come, and no star of Hope shall light the prospect that 
 will lie before us. 'The blasted leaves of autumn may be re- 
 newed by the returning spring, the cerements of the grave shall 
 burst and earth give up' her dead,' but let this union be once 
 destroyed and there is no power that can restore it, no heat that 
 can its 'light relume.' National death is followed liy no resur- 
 rection." 
 
 Mr. Waslilmni niaile many otlitT .s])et'(.'lies in ('(jiihtc'ss 
 during' his l(jno- service in that hody, all (_)f whicli 
 evinced a tliorungh knowledge of the subject discussed : 
 and as a parliamentarian and debater he was hardly 
 surpassed l)y any member on the floor. He was always 
 in the van of the op})osition to the extension of slavery, 
 wliicli by this time had become the almost sole and 
 controlling cpiestion ))oth in and out of Congress. The 
 old parties were themselves dividing on tliis one issue. 
 The '• irrepressilile conflict" was clearly at hand. The 
 Missouri Compromise, that had Ix-en passed as a con- 
 cession to slavery in 1820, was now to be repealed to 
 conciliate the same insatiate spirit. To some, among 
 whom ]\Ir. AVashl)m'n was one of the first to expose 
 and denounce the scheme, it was clear that the leading 
 men of the slave oligarchy were not to be a}>peased 
 
14 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIHURX, JR. 
 
 with simple extension of slavery into the territories, 
 Init that they would not rest until property in slaves 
 should l)e acknowledged and recognized in every State 
 of the Union. The " Nebraska )»ill,'" as it was called, 
 was the paramount question in all the Congressional 
 debates, and, by common consent, Irhe management of 
 the opposition to it in the House fell largely to Mr. 
 Washlnu-n. The niglit of its final passage was one of 
 the most important in the history of Congress. Its 
 advocates were determined to pass it. and, as they had 
 a decided majority, they were confident they could tire 
 out the minority. Mr. Washburn and others in the 
 opposition took all parliamentary advantages to obstruct 
 and defeat it. But the fiat had gone forth from the 
 councils of its supporters that it must pass that night, 
 and near midnight of May 22, 1854, the bill was or- 
 dered to be engrossed. When the defeat was inevitable, 
 Mr. Washl)urn held a brief consultation with a number 
 of memljers with wIkhu he had acted during that long 
 and tr^•ing confiict. and invited them to meet him the 
 next UKU'iiing at the rooms of representatives Eliot 
 and Dickinson, of Massachusetts. Only those were in- 
 vited who had all been, up to this time, most thor- 
 oughly united in opposition on this great (piestion of 
 slavery extension. Some liad always been known as 
 Democrats, and some liad always Iteen Whigs. But they 
 
BIOOEAPIIY. 15 
 
 had all oi)pose(l tlie Nebraska liill. and sliared tlic 
 opinion that only liy united action by men of all parties 
 opposed to the demands of slavery conld any suecessfnl 
 resistance be made to it. The meeting was held as 
 agreed npon. and then was taken the initial steji in the 
 formation of the Repu])liean party. Mr. Washburn 
 explained to liis colleagues what his purpose was in 
 requesting them, to meet together at that time. The 
 Nebraska bill had passed tlie night liefure. and another 
 wall against slavery had been Ijroken down. Hitherto 
 they had acted with the old parties, and thcii- opposi- 
 tion to a united and solid pai'ty in the interest of 
 slavery had been unavailing. So it would t'ontinue to 
 be until they cast otf' old party names and party ties. 
 and united under a new name and as a new part}' in 
 opposition to the aggressions of the slave power and 
 the extension of hiunan slavery. 
 
 "What name .should they give the new party '.' Much 
 was in a name, and Mr. Washl)urn suggested that 
 " Repuldican " was the most projier. the nio.st .sugges- 
 tive, and the least oljjectionable that could lie adopted. 
 It was a name to c(.)niure with, honorable in its ante- 
 cedents and in histoiy, and under it peojde ever so 
 nuicli divided in their })olitical views on other and 
 minor questions c(juld unite on a- footing of perfect 
 equality and with no implied sm-render of principles 
 
16 TIUBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 ur convictions. The idea was received with enthusiasm 
 by every member present except one, w'ho was not yet 
 prepared to give up the long-cherished whig name and 
 party ; and with tliis exception, when the meeting 
 adjourned they all felt that for them there Avas no 
 longer either a Whig or Democratic party. 
 
 The same day Mr. Washburn left for a Ijrief visit to 
 his home in Maine. He had lieen there Ijut a day or 
 two before he was invited, In' a delegation from Bangor, 
 to address the people of that city on the great question 
 that was then agitating the coimtry from one end to 
 the other. The feeling of indignation at the passage 
 of the Kansas-Neliraska. Bill was general and intense, 
 and the meeting (held June 2, 1854) at the City Hall 
 was very large, and niade up alike of Whigs and Dem- 
 ocrats, few of whom were ever again to )je known l)y 
 their old party names. The Bangor WJiig and Courier, 
 of June 3, 1854, says of Mr. Washl)urn's speech on that 
 occasion, that — 
 
 " He closed by a solemn warniug atjaiust the present en- 
 croachments and future designs of the slave power in this 
 country, and eloquently urged that all true friends of the Union 
 must now unite and refuse longer to submit to the demands of 
 that power ; that tliey must stand with the men who have acted 
 and voted for freedom in this contest, of whatever party or 
 section of the Union they may be — by Benton and Houston 
 and others, noble men of the South, as well as the incorruptible 
 Democrats of tlie North — and thus hulld up a great and truly 
 
BIOGRAPHY. 17 
 
 national parti/, somewhat sectional at first, perhaps, but na- 
 tional in tlie end — a party wiiich siiall successfully resist the 
 designs of the tyrannical slave oligarchy and save the Union 
 from ultimately becoming one broad domain of slavery. This 
 great consideration now overrides all tlie old party divisions 
 and effects party organizations of the country. They must give 
 way to it — they have already given way. Men who think alike 
 Dvud act together. Freedom must not be less wise than slavery 
 and slavery is united. Every true 'Republican' must rally 
 under the banner of ' Ilepeal' " 
 
 He tlieu adck'd tliat tlu_' new orgaiiizatiuu slioukl 
 take tlie name of Repul>lican, and that their aim and 
 pnrpost! shmild l)e the wclfiirc uf the whole Union, and 
 flic sf(il)/Jcss liomir of the American name. 
 
 In tliis s})eech Mr. Waslilmrn had struek the key- 
 note of the genei-al sentiment of a large majority of 
 the State, and on his Avay to Washington a. few days 
 later, the citizens of Saeo called npon liim to address 
 tliem on the great and living issue that luid talcen jn'e- 
 cedence of all otlier political (piestions. lie was greeted 
 ))y an immense meeting, and liis advocacy of a new 
 name and a new party. Itased on freedom as the corner- 
 stone, was received witli unanimous approval, the 
 indignation at tlie passage of the Xehraska Bill heing 
 sliared alike by AAliigs and Dennjcrats, presaging tliat 
 union under a new name that was to carry the country 
 through its greatest trial and make it a lu'judilic com- 
 posed in fact of United States. 
 
18 TRIBUTE TO ISEAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 In the " RivSe and Fall of tlie Slave Power in America," 
 by the Hon. Henry Wilson, is the following passage :* 
 
 " In Washington, on the morning after the passage of the Kan- 
 sas-Nebraska Bill, there was a meeting of some thirty members 
 of the House at the rooms of Thomas D. Eliot and Edward 
 Dickinson, of Massachusetts, called at the instance of Israel 
 Washburn, Jr., of Maine, for consultation in regard to the 
 course to be adopted in the exigencies of the case. * * The 
 name of Eepublican was suggested, discussed, and finally 
 adopted as appropriate for the new organization. In pursuance 
 of the same object, and in harmony with these suggestions, Mr. 
 Washburn addressed a public meeting at Bangor, in which he 
 repeated the views he had advanced in Washington." 
 
 The passage of the Nebraska Bill was Init a step in 
 the policy that the slaveholders had marked ont as 
 that on which the government was thenceforward to 
 be conducted. That policy was to make slavery na- 
 tional and universal throughout the whole country. 
 To do this, it was indispensable that slaves should be 
 recognized as property everywhere, independent of 
 State laws. The claim was to be opened in a territory 
 where no State laws existed, and its constitutionality 
 affirmed by the Supreme Court. The ultimate and 
 most important object was not openly avowed, but 
 subsequent events showed clearly that such were the 
 ends proposed among themselves. Among the first to 
 see the policy and effect of their legislation was Mr. 
 
 * Vol. 2, page 410. 
 
BIOGRAPnT. 1!) 
 
 Waslilnirn. and he oxposcd and denounced it at a time 
 wlien few wlio sympathized with liim on tlie immediateX 
 issue C(juld ))elieve in the audaeitv of the oligarchy of 
 slaA'ery. 
 
 Mr. William (ioodell, editor of the Radical Aboli- 
 tioxist, early foresaw that this was to he the next 
 measure thrust upon the p(_M)pl(.' of the North after the 
 slaveholders hail extended their peculiar institution 
 (.)ver the territoiies. In an issue of his paper puljlished 
 in IS.")!), lie thus speaks of Mr. Washhurn's exposure of 
 their deep-laid plans : 
 
 "We liave,, until quite recently, stood aliaost alone in ex- 
 pressing this convictiou. We find, however, that the Hon. Israel 
 Washburn, member of Congress from Maine, lias held tlie same 
 language all along, as will appear from the following e.xtracts 
 from his speeches. 
 
 " In Mr. Washburn's speech on the Bill to organize territo- 
 rial governments in Kansas and Nebraska, in the House of 
 Representatives, April 7, 1854, having quoted the Charleston 
 Mercury and Mr. Stevens, of Georgia, as denying the constitu- 
 tional right of the territories to exclude slavery, Mr. Washburn 
 .said : 
 
 '■■' Well, sir, as I have said, the drama of non-intervention, 
 after one performance more, will be removed from the stage 
 forever. As we sometimes read on tlie play bills, it is " posi- 
 tively for one night only." Whether it sliall accomplish the 
 abrogation of the Missouri Comproniise or not, it will have filled 
 its destiny. In the former case, it will be thrown overboard as 
 a tiling for which the slaveholders never had any respect and 
 now have no farther use. Then we shall hear tliat the time 
 
20 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURX, JR. 
 
 has come for the inculcation of tlie true doctrine : " The North 
 is sufficiently weakened and humble, — the country is ready for 
 it, — let it be proclaimed everywhere, that the Constitution of 
 the United States, propriore vigore, carries slavery wherever 
 the flag of the union flies." It carries it, we are told, into the 
 territories, and neither Congress nor the local legislatures, nor 
 both combined, can restrain its march ; for the constitution is 
 above both, is the supreme law of the land — -aye, and carries it 
 into all of the States, for neither State laws nor State constitu- 
 tions can exclude the enjoyment of a right guaranteed by the 
 constitution of the Federal Government. This, sir, is the doc- 
 trine with which we shall be vigorously pressed if this bill is 
 carried — already has it been more than hinted, — and whoever 
 has noticed the advanced ground which slavery occupies now, 
 compared with tiiat on which it rested in 1850, will not be 
 slow to believe it. * * Nearly all Southern gentlemen who 
 have spoken on this subject and have in any way recognized 
 the doctrine of non-intervention, are careful to limit the right 
 of the people of the territories to legislate for themselves hy the 
 Constitution of the United States ; and they hold that the con- 
 stitution forbids all territorial legislation for the prohibition of 
 slavery.' " 
 
 This policy, which Mr. Wa.shburu declared to be the 
 deliberate purpose of the slaveholders as early as April 7, 
 1854 (and repeatedly afterwards), was steadily pursued 
 by them as long as they had any hope of keeping the 
 government under their control ; and as late as May lU, 
 1860, in a speech delivered in the House, he repeated 
 and exposed the terrible issues that depended on the 
 next Presidential election. 
 
 The decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred 
 
BIOGEAPnV. 21 
 
 Scott case, under whicli slavery was recognized as na- 
 tional and slaves as i)ropert\" luider the C(jnstitution. 
 was received liy Mi'. AVaslibni-n in part in these Avords : 
 
 " 'By tlie constitution itself,' the court argued, slaves were 
 recognized and known as property. ' Tlie right of property in 
 slaves,' they said, was 'distinctly and e.xpressly affirmed' in 
 that instrument, and the only authority conferred upon Congress 
 was 'tlte 2MWcr, coupled vifli the (lutij, of guarding and protect- 
 ing the owner in his rights.' These judges readily admitted 
 that, but for the constitutional .sanction of slavery, it would be 
 fully competent for Congress to legislate for its regulation or 
 proliihition in the territories. Tliey stated that the Court had 
 decided in a previous case that the power of ('ongress to govern 
 the territories was ' un(|iU'Stiouable,' and adiled, 'in this we en- 
 tirely concur, and nothing will be found in this opinion to the 
 contrary ' ; thus destroying, root and branch, tin' wholi' doctrine 
 of popular or squatter sovereignty. But, inasmuch as the con- 
 stitution has taken hold of .slaves as property, and thrown its 
 protection and guaranties around that species of yiroperty, it 
 results, they maintained, that Congress, which is itself the 
 creature of the constitution, cannot have power to destroy or 
 impair that which the constitution aliiruis and protects. Now, 
 if it be true that slaves are property under the Constitution of 
 the United States, which is the supreme law ; that this instru- 
 ment which governs and controls in respect to all questions 
 upon which it speaks, witiun all the States as well as Territo- 
 ries, attaches to a particular class of human beings the character, 
 and imprints upon them the stamp, of luoperty, and confers 
 upon Congress ' the power, couidcd with the duty, of protecting 
 this property,' for the reason that it is property l)y a constitu- 
 tion.'d recognition, it will be difficult to resist the conclusion to 
 which these judges have arrived : nay, it will be impossible to 
 resist it, or that other conclusion to which this decision reaches, 
 
22 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 viz : That this kind of property may be taken, held, used, 
 
 BOUGHT and sold, IN EACH AND ALL OF THE STATES OF THE 
 
 Union." 
 
 ****** 
 
 " It is clear that whatsoever is property by the highest lav? 
 of the land is eatitled to the rights, immunities and protections 
 of property, wherever that highest law prevails. The Constitu- 
 tion of the United States is in force in every State of the Union, 
 and all laws of Congress, all laws of States, and all State consti- 
 tutions, which are in conflict with its provisions, are inoperative 
 and void. If a slave is property by or under the authority of the 
 Federal Constitution, this relation or character cannot be de- 
 stroyed or injuriously affected by the constitution of a State, 
 for wherever and in wliatever respect these constitutions are 
 inconsistent with each other, the latter must yield to the 
 former. If the Constitution of the United Stales declares tliat 
 a man held as a slave is property, he may be so held, treated 
 and regarded in all places where that fundamental and supreme 
 law is in operation ; and a provision in the constitution of the 
 State of Maine, or of any other State, that there shall be no 
 such thing as property in men witliin that State, cannot stand 
 a moment against the Constitution of the United States, which 
 says that there may be ; and the theory of the practical exclu- 
 sion of slavery by unfriendly legislation is fallacious and wholly 
 inadmissible — it is as unsound as it is dishonest. If t!ie chat- 
 telship of a slave is recognized and secured by the Constitution 
 of the United States, it is something more than a merely nom- 
 inal recognition, for a security which is merely nominal is no 
 security at all. The constitutional guaranty or protection is 
 of no account, if the States, or Territories, or Congress, may 
 at their pleasure render that which is the subject of protection 
 valueless or not worth possessing. 
 
 " The constitution recognizes, undoubtedly, the idea of prop- 
 erty, but the specific articles or things which shall be held and 
 
BioGRArnv. 23 
 
 regarded as such, it does not name or indicate, with the single 
 exception (if the doctrine of tlie Judges of the Supreme Court 
 
 and the Democratic party he sound) of negro slaves." 
 
 * * ^ * * * 
 
 " Tlie States are sovereign, except in so far as their power 
 is limited by the Constitution of the United States. It is 
 not claimed that the power of the States to declare wliat shall 
 or shall nut be treated as property within their own limits 
 has been taken from them, always excepting the one case of 
 slaves. One State has provided l)y legislation that there shall 
 be no property in cart wlieels of less than a certain width ; 
 another, that there shall be no such thing as property within its 
 jurisdiction in game cocks ; another, that an inferior and vicious 
 species of cattle, which were being brought into it fiom a 
 neigliboring country, shall not be introduced, held or kept as 
 property within its limits ; another, that there shall be no pro- 
 tection to, and no property in, domestic liquors; and when the 
 question of tlie power of the State to pass such a law was 
 raised and pre.sented to tlie Supreme Court of the United States, 
 that tribunal decided in favor of the power. Thus, in all cases 
 and in reference to all kinds of property, except slave property, 
 the States and Territories (or Congress) have unlimited power ; 
 and if they may deny the fact of property in any particular 
 article or thing, they may of course regulate its use and enjoy- 
 ment." 
 
 * T^ ^ ^ ^- ^ 
 
 "The expedient of unfriendly legislation, it has been seen, is 
 not admissible, for the subject to which it is to be applied can- 
 not be affected by it. Th° property in this case is not like 
 ordinary property, within tlie control of State legislation, but it 
 is property that has been raised by the Constitution of the 
 United States to a position where it is unassailable. Any local 
 law impairing a right which rests upon a special constitutional 
 sanction must be declared inoperative, of course. Property 
 founded upon such a right cannot be subject to any laws or 
 
24 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBUItX, JR. 
 
 regulations more onerous thau are made to apply to other prop- 
 erty, or perhaps than attach to the most favored descriptions of 
 property ; certainly any invidious legislation, and all regulations 
 discriminating against it, would be unconstitutional. The laws 
 protecting other property would protect this ; actions of case, 
 trespass, replevin — in fine, all the appropriate remedias for in- 
 juries to property, would lie as well for torts to this property 
 as to any other. To maim a slave would be trespass, to steal 
 him would be larceny. So, an affirmative code for the protec- 
 tion of slave property would in almost every conceivable case 
 be unnecessary, and unfriendly legislation would in all cases be 
 nugatory. What cannot be done directly cannot be done in- 
 directly." 
 
 ****** 
 
 "Iliavedwelt at lengtli upon tliis branch of my subject, 
 because I perceive that this decision embraces and involves 
 every question in respect to the existence, extension, and per- 
 fectuation of slavery." 
 
 " It covers every claim that the oligarchy sets up ; it forbids 
 the prohibition of slavery extension ; it declares, in effect, that 
 the constitution carries slavery into every Territory and every 
 State of the Union, and e.xtends to slave property a degree of 
 favor and protection such as is accorded to no otlier kind of 
 property." 
 
 In this speech Mr. Washliiirii had voiced the senti- 
 ments of the people of Maine to an extent he could 
 liardly have anticipated when it was delivered, for from 
 all parts came the call for him to run for Governor at 
 the next State election. It was his wi.sh still to remain 
 in Congress, hut the demand was so strong and so 
 earnest that in tlie great contest impending he should 
 
BIOGKAPIIY. 
 
 Ijo at the head of the Rei:)ul:)]ioan ticket, that he re- 
 luctantly gave his coii.sent. He soon entered on tlie 
 arduous canvass, speaking almost every day till the 
 election t<! iiinncnse audiences, all of which sliared in 
 liis opinions tliat, as Maine would lead off in the fall 
 elections, it sliould give no micertain soinid as to its de- 
 termination on the question of slavery extension. The 
 result of tlie election surpassed even the lu'pid>licau 
 expectations. From a total vote of Il^4.(l(ll». Mr. Wasli- 
 l)urn re eivcd a majority of 17,000, and with tliis im- 
 })(.'tus f(_)r success the campaign opened. 
 
 When Mr. Wasliliui'u entered nn his (hities as (iov- 
 ernoi', tlie niuttci'ings of civil war were ahvady in tlie 
 air. Tlie Legishiture that convened (in the -id of 
 .Jarniary, ISCil. was to confront new questions and incur 
 unexpected resi)onsiliilities. Tlie large majority had 
 been carried intc; power on tlie same wave of enthusiasm 
 as had the (Governor, ami were in entii'e liarmony witli 
 him in a deternnnati(.)n to resist further encroachments 
 from the Soutli. In liis inaugural message lie addi'essed 
 tliem in regard to the thi'eats tliat liad heen made that 
 Mr. Lincoln should not l)e permitted to serve as Pres- 
 ident, in the following words: 
 
 '' If the people of any of the States have detenniued that Mr. 
 Lincoln, who has been regularly and legally elected President 
 of the L'nited States, is not to enter on the duties of tliat office, 
 
26 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURX, JR. 
 
 unless he, and those who have supported him, will purchase his 
 inauguratiou as President of an unbroken Union, by concessions 
 and compromises involving an abrogation and denial of the 
 vital principles of the government, and of the cherished doc- 
 trines and purposes of the great men who established it, and 
 shall attempt by force to execute such purposes, they will be 
 guilty of treason against the United States and will furnish 
 occasion for testing the strength of the government. The right 
 of the majority to choose their officers and administer the gov- 
 ernment, under the constitution, must not be surrendered and 
 will not be, whatever may happen. For in the dark catalogue 
 of public ills, all are tolerable but the loss of a people's honor. 
 An errant star, rushing wildly from its sphere and wandering 
 however long and far, may return to its wonted place in our 
 system. But when the manhood of a people is extinguished 
 there is an end alike of public virtue and of individual freedom, 
 and popular government becomes an impossibility." 
 
 As is well known, civil war burst forth on the country 
 when the first gun Avas fired on Fort Sumter on the 
 12th April, 18G1. Maine, like the other States, was 
 called upon to put down the rebellion ; and on the 1-4 th 
 Governor Washljurn issued his proclamation conven- 
 ing the Legislature in extra session. It assembled on 
 the 22d, and was addressed in convention by the Gov- 
 ernor in terms that met a ready respons^ from that 
 Ijody. After briefly reviewing the l^ad faitli and wick- 
 edness of those Avho had brought on the war, he con- 
 tinued, repeating from his message of three months 
 before : 
 
 " We know that our State, whose attachment to the Union has 
 
BIOGRAPHY. 27 
 
 been avouched not only by words but by works — by sacrifices 
 which she alone of all the States has been called upon to make, 
 even by the dismemberment of her territory that the nation 
 niiyht liave peace — will renew her claim on tiie gratitude of 
 the country by tlie alacrity with which she will furnish mate- 
 rial and efficient proofs of her fidelity and virtue. Tlia.divisious 
 of party will disappear from amongst us, and the names by 
 which we have been recognized will be forgotten, and all will 
 be known as patriots and defenders of the Union." 
 
 He added : 
 
 "And so it is and so it shall be, and this Union is to be de- 
 fended and the constitution preserveil, not by Democrats, not 
 by Republicans, but by men who love their countr}-, — ami all 
 men of whatever party, who are for the Government and will 
 stand by it and fight for it, are brethren. For one, I know no 
 difference, and I will know no difference, and I will liold tiiat 
 man as wanting in the highest quality of patriotism who will 
 know any distinctiou between men, founded on their former 
 party relations." 
 
 In liis next annual address tu the Legislature (on 
 the 2d of January, 1802), Governor Washburn ex- 
 pressed himself in still stronger terms on the duty of 
 standing by the gvivernment. of recognizing Init two 
 elasses ; thosy' who sustained and those who sought to 
 eniljarrass it. 
 
 From this address tlie following extract is taken : 
 
 " Whoever in this crisis sliall maintain or act as if he belived 
 that the Union ouglit to be preserved if slavery in it can be 
 protected, but that without slavery it is not worth defending, 
 making in his heart, slavery, and not the Union, the great 
 
28 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 object of his regard, will not fail to be known and treated as 
 one whom no impulses of patriotism, but only the suggestions 
 of cowardice, restrained from the practice of treason, and the 
 citizen who will not act in good faith for the Union and aid in 
 prosecuting the war without conditions and compromises, or 
 who, by his complaints, fault-findings or misrepresentations, 
 weakens the arm of the national administration, renders most 
 efficient aid to the rebels ; and whatever his professions, should 
 be marked and shunned as one who makes his selfish purposes 
 or his party views paramount to his love of country. 
 
 " At the present time and under existing circumstances, a 
 conditional Union man is an unconditional traitor. For in 
 such an emergency as the present, true and loyal men will say, 
 " Let all else die, but let the country live." When the star of 
 peace shall return, the ordinary functions of party and party 
 men will be revived, and the affection and confidence of a just 
 and grateful people will be bestowed on those who, in the hour 
 of the nation's direst peril, were most faithful and generous." 
 
 When the war In'oke out, the State of Maine wan 
 utterly iniprepared for snch a ealaniity. The old mi- 
 litia system had fallen into disuse and neglect. There 
 were neither the drilled soldiers nor officers, yet the 
 popular response was most wonderful. The men vol- 
 unteered l)y thousands aiul tens of tliousands at tlu- 
 call of i)atriotism. and rc^-iments, if not drilled and 
 trained, yet eager to learn the soldier's duty, were sent 
 forward to the seat of war with a rapidity inii)ossil)le 
 in any country I)ut wliere the heart of both officer and 
 private was in the can.'^e. Governor Washhm-n was 
 iustly called the War (iorevnor, for within the two 
 
DIOfiRAPItY. 
 
 2!) 
 
 years, wliilc lie was chief iiia,t;istnite, nearly OO.ddO 
 trnoiis were niarslialeil and sent t<i the front, and it 
 was acknowledged l>y the department at Washington, 
 that no soldiers were better oi'ganized, or composed of 
 sterner stuff, or did l)etter lighting, than the sons of 
 the " rine Tree State." 
 
 In consideration of the extended line of the coast of 
 INLiine, upon which were more deep, accessible harliors. 
 cajialile of jjcing entered hy shi]is of war of the largest 
 class, than could he found on the entire coast line of 
 the slave-holding States; that for more than four 
 hundred nules the State was separated fi'om a foreign 
 country liy a merely imaginary line, Governor Wash- 
 burn was deeply impressed with the necessity of jiro- 
 yiding for its protection, and labored incessantly to 
 engage the interest of the Federal Government and of 
 the State in this important ^vork. 
 
 In his annual address to the Legislature at this 
 session, he said : 
 
 " In view of the proportions which tlie rebelhon had assumed, 
 and of the complications witli forei<4n nations in which, in its 
 progress, tlie Government of tlie United States was liable to be 
 involved, and considering the dangers tu wliicb Maine would 
 be exposed in the event of war between tbe Unitci! States and 
 any great maritime power, I felt it my duty, in tbe month of 
 October last, to address a note to tbe Secretary of Statu (in re- 
 spionse to bis wise and timely circular to the L^overnors of the 
 4 
 
80 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 loyal sea-board and lake-coast states), inclosing a letter or 
 memoir to the President of the United States, in whicii the at- 
 tention of the General Government was called to the peculiarly 
 exposed situation of this State, and to the necessity of providing 
 additional defences upon its coast, and indicating to some extent 
 the character of the works whicli seemed to be indispensable to 
 the protection not of this State merely, but of the United States ; 
 and that this subject, so important to the State and country, 
 should not fail to be presented in such manner as to secure tlie 
 most favorable consideration, I gave it in charge of three able 
 and eminent citizens — the Honorable Hannibal Hamlin, Vice 
 President of tiie United States, tlie Honorable Reuel Williams, 
 of Augusta, and John A. Poor, Esquire, of Portland — who im- 
 mediately repaired to the city of Washington, and who by their 
 assiduous and faithful efforts succeeded, it is believed, in im- 
 pressing upon the Government the necessity of increasing the 
 defences of this State, and of adopting measures for their im- 
 mediate construction." 
 
 The Governor correspoiuled with the Secretaries of 
 State and War upon the siiljject. The President of the 
 United States called the attention of Congress to it in 
 a special message, in which he transmitted this corre- 
 spondence to that hod^^ Tliese papers, together with 
 tlie report of the Commissioners, were laid by Governor 
 Washlinrn before the State Legislature with an earnest 
 request that it should urge upon the authorities of the 
 United States a vigor(_)US prosecution of the works of 
 national defence within tliis State. As a result of 
 these efforts, works were commenced on this coast, and 
 have been prosecuted to this time with more or less 
 
BIOGRAPHY. 31 
 
 vigor, Init ospecially so far as tlicy related to tlie 
 strengthening of Portland, wliieli. from its situation in 
 regard to tlie Avliole State and to XeAV England, was 
 the point of all others the most necessary to he de- 
 fendeil. and where new works have heen eommenced 
 and are being eonstrueted. whieli. when eoni}ileted, will 
 make, in eoimeetion with the old, this the strongest 
 and hest fortified city in the United States. 
 
 After the war had closed, and the rehellion Avas 
 ornshed out. and with it the detestahle heresies that led 
 to it, tliei-e still remained the (piestion as to what had 
 Ijeen gained and settle<l hy the tei'i'ilile sacriliees that 
 had Iieen made. After the aholition of slavery there 
 coidd he no fnrther dispute as to its extension. The 
 state rights theories of the Southern leaders also c(.)l- 
 lapsed, and on none of the old j)arty issues had the 
 peo})Ie ai'i'ayed themselves into ]>olitical organizations. 
 At this time, and while the jmldie opinion was little 
 concentrated on matters (if future jiolicy. Mr. Washhurn 
 was invited hy the nuuiicipal authorities of Portland to 
 address the people of tliat city on the a}i}iroaehing 
 Fourth of .Inly. In this address, he ^ipoke with great 
 force and [loint on the low eouditiou of puldie senti- 
 ment throughout the country, which had allowed the 
 institution of slavery to grow and exjiand, and practi- 
 cally to govern the countr}' for many years, until it 
 
32 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL \YASnL;rR>f, JR. 
 
 had waxed so strong as to dcinaud not only its rights 
 to govern the country, Ijvit to impose its accursed h^cal 
 institutions on tlie free states of the Nortli. 
 
 Then he passed to the conduct of the war, its trials, 
 its sacrifices, and its final trhunphs. But it had not 
 heen without its compensations; it had raised the tone 
 of piiblic sentiment and magniiied the American name 
 throughout the world. Our people could no longer be 
 taunted with claiming to l)e a nation of Republicans 
 while we were in reality a nation of slave breeders and 
 slave traders. On tiie contrary, it Jiad raised a whole 
 class of native Ainericans from the conditioii <f sJares 
 to he freemen and citizens, no longer a source of danger 
 but of strength to our institutions, and whose rights as 
 freemen and voters were to be not only secured, but 
 maintained thereafter. The national standard had 
 been raised, and with it the national character. The 
 nation would thenceforth, for all times, )je stronger to 
 resist aggression, and in tlie councils of the nations be 
 recognized as one of the great powers of the world. 
 The national credit and national currenc}" liad Ijeen 
 established on a l:)etter l)asis than it had ever rested 
 on before, and tlie future opened on a brighter vista 
 than the eyes of any nation ever witnessed in the his- 
 tory of the world. 
 
 Of this address Charles Sumner said : 
 
moGEAPIIY. OO 
 
 "The remarkable oration of Hon. Israel Washburn, Jr., of 
 Portland, treated the subject with unanswerable fullness and 
 ability. His speeches in Congress were always read with 
 interest. Perhaps he never before spoke better than now. His 
 oration is elaborate in form and arrangement, accurate in style, 
 logical in argument and often eloquent. It is an important 
 contribution to the good cau.se. Such a voice from Maine 
 ought to be a key-note." — [Boston Transcript, Julij, 186."). 
 
 At the close of his secMjnd term, ( loA-ei-iiDr Washburn, 
 under the impression tliat tlie woi'k of tin; State Gov- 
 ernment in proseeutini^- tlie war was nearly at an end, 
 declined a re-election as (lovernor. Ilis labors had 
 been ti'vin.L;' and inces.sant, and his administration in all 
 res})ects most successful and sati.sfactin'j to tlu> people 
 of the State. But he was soon called by President 
 Lincoln to the performance of other duties. Within 
 a few months after his retirement from tlie Guber- 
 natoiial chair, tlu^ Collectorship of Portland became 
 vacant, through the death of tlie able and popular 
 Collector, Mr. Jedediah Jewett, and without his solicit- 
 ation it was tendered to Mr. Wa.shburn by Mr. Lincohr, 
 in such term.s that he coulil hardly refuse to accept it. 
 
 Into this important office lie was inducted in Novem- 
 ber, 1803. lie Hlled it to the entire satisfaction of the 
 Government, especially of the Treasury Department, 
 till May, 1S77, when he retired, and has since lived a 
 quiet, though active and useful life, at his Ikuuc in 
 
34 TltlBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 I'ortlaiul. During this time, he has Ijusied liimself in 
 writing fur ditt'erent ^lagazines and Reviews, and in 
 preparing and delivering speeches and addresses on 
 political and literary suhjects. Among his contrihu- 
 tions at different periods to the former, may he men- 
 tioned papers on Charles Lanih ; "Walter Savage Landor : 
 Gamaliel Bailey; Modern Civilization; The Logic and 
 the End of the Rebellion ; The Powers and Duty of 
 Congress in respect to Suffrage ; Secular and (Com- 
 pulsory Education. Some of the Conditions of Success 
 in Life ; Centralization ; The Ballad and Song Writers 
 of Scotland, may he named among the numercjus 
 addresses and lectures which he has delivered within a 
 few years. lie has pulilished. also, biographical notices 
 and recollections of Chief Justice Ether Shepley, George 
 Evans and Edward Kent. 
 
 In 1874, he published a book of iSd octavo pages, 
 entitled, '' jSfofes of Lircrmore.'" The preparation of 
 this book, though unambitious in scope and design, 
 was a labor of love, as it enabled him to j)ut in endur- 
 ing form the records of his native town, and to testify 
 to the world of the merits and virtues of the peo})Te 
 among wliom his lioyhood was passed. 
 
 In the same year, he delivered an historical address 
 before the citizens of Orono, on the one hundredth 
 anniversarv of the settlement of that town. This 
 
BIOGTSAPnY. 35 
 
 work, like the •• JS^otrs of JJrcniiorr," was a labor of 
 love and duty, for it was here that his carl}" manhood 
 was jias.sed ; hero he married and here lu' aehieved his 
 Hrst snceesses. 
 
 At a later period (in IS"'.') he [irejiared for the Maine 
 Historiral Soeietv. an elahoi-ate and tlioroui;'h iiivesti- 
 .U'ation of a (luestion whieh. for many years, hung- over 
 the State of Maine like a. cloud — that of the North 
 Eastern IJoundaiy of Maine — of wliich the present 
 generation knows hut little, hut which Avas the ahsoi-))- 
 ing theme of talk and discussion in Maine for many 
 years. 'J'he justice of the (daim of Maine and the 
 manner of its settlement were fully examined in this 
 ])aper of Mr. Washlmru's. and the conclusion to l)(> 
 drawn from it is that the treaty, which couclnd(>(l thi> 
 negotiations in regard to it, did not secure its just 
 rights to the State of Maine, and that it was in deroga- 
 tion of \]w jircstitjr and honor of the Nation. 
 
 Mr. \\'ashliurii is an active mend)er of the Maine 
 Historical Society, and is Viee President, for Maine, of 
 the New England Historic < ienealogical Society. 
 
 From Tufts College he received several years ago 
 the honorary degree of LL.D. lie lias lieeii for many 
 years President of the Poaid of Trustees of this insti- 
 tution, and on the I'csignation of Pev. A. \. Miner, 
 
36 TRIBUTE Tf> ISKAEI. WASIIBUIJX. .TK. 
 
 D. D., he was chosen President of the FaenU\ . a position 
 which he declined. 
 
 He married, Octolter ^4. 1S41. Marv Maud, younuest 
 daughter of tlie late Col. Ebenezer Webster, of On mo, 
 1)V whom he had foiu- children, all of whom are living. 
 jNIrs. Washhurn died in June, lS7->. In ISTCi. he 
 married Rohina Nai)ier. eldest daughter of IJenjamin 
 F. Brown. Es(|., of Banu'or. 
 
MARTHA WASHBURN. 
 
 A TkIBUTE Til THK Me.MOI;V of the MOTIIEI; OF 
 IsKAEL WaSIIBURX, Jk. 
 
 \'.\ Mil'. .1 . U. Hanson, 
 
 1 l:cn[ IHK ^r\K AND COVENANT. OK (UK AGO. 
 - » , -v ?=«--- 
 
 Whi'H 'riiduias IJanics and the rai'lici' ajinstles df 
 iiiiF t'ailli licuau tln'iF wni'k iu Maine, rlicv fnuud tlu'ir 
 li(.'arci-s among tlu' licst families of that section. 
 
 The Coolidges. tlie Washhurns. tlic Moi'isons. the 
 Haiiieses. rile PxMijamins. the ]!radford>. the Striek- 
 lands. The Hollands, the Liverniores. the Howes, the 
 Smalls, were the natnral and aekno\vdede'ed intellectual 
 and social aristoci'acy of the State, and they wei'e 
 almost all of our faitli. 
 
 The excellence of their character, and their great 
 inlhience on thi.'ir times and on theii' descendants, now 
 scattered in all sections of our country, and still 
 prominent in sustaining the hles.sed ridigion of which 
 their mothers and fathers were the lirst modern ad\"o- 
 
88 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBTTRN, JR. 
 
 cates, were often due to tlie ('hristian iidelity and 
 consecration of the mothers who taught and trans- 
 mitted the religion they loved. 
 
 Could we but develope the facts, it would unquestion- 
 ably be learned that the quiet women of those days, 
 who had no desire for publicity, and no ambition 
 beyond the rearing of tlieir families, who never aspired 
 to make speeches, and to whom the production of books 
 was undreamed of, are the real artificers of the charac- 
 ters that to-day are their monuments. 
 
 Among them should l^e mentioned — one of a class, 
 many of whose names we wovdd gladly record — 
 Martha, daughter of Samuel Benjamin. 
 
 She was born in Livermore, Me., — a twin daughter — 
 October 4, \102. 
 
 She married, March 30, 1812, Israel Washl)urn, wlio 
 was born in Raynham, Mass., November 18, 1784, and 
 died May 6, 1861. 
 
 Her life was one of great purity and excellence. 
 Her house was the ministers' home. Her character 
 was one of great womanly force, impressing itself by 
 a quiet yet irresistible womanly influence on all who 
 knew her. A genuine Christian wife and mother, 
 reverenced wherever known, she will be especially 
 remembered in the remarkable career of her eminent 
 and distinguished children : 
 
MARTHA WASHBURN. 3!) 
 
 Israel, LL.D., M. C, ;>2(l-o(itli Congrefises, from 
 Maine, and Governor of the State in lS(il-2 ; Alger- 
 non S., merchant anil hanker; Elihn 15., M. C. Illinois, 
 ISol^-G!), Secretary of State nnder ({en. Grant, and 
 Minister Plenipotentiary to France ; Cadwallader C, 
 LL.D., M. C. 34th-40th Congr(>sse,s, Major General in 
 the War t)f the Kehellion, and (Jovernorof Wisconsin 
 in 1S71 ; Martha (Stephenson) ; Charles A., elector for 
 California. LSdO. Minister to Paragnay in lS(il. and 
 author of " Ilistor}- of Paraguay" and other works; 
 Samuel B., ship-master in the merchant marine and 
 captain in the navy during the late war; Mar_y B. 
 (Butt'um) ; William I)., Surveyor General of Minnesota. 
 ISOI-GO. M. C. present Congress ; Caroline A., wife of 
 Dr. F. S. Holmes, Snrgeon (itli Maine in the late war. 
 
 At one time three of the lirothers -wei'e in Congress 
 together, and since then the fourth has occupied the 
 position. 
 
 It is to such women as she, honored wives and 
 mothers, that onr cluirch OAves a. lai'ge jjart oi its 
 snccess, and snrely snch nohle characters are the high- 
 est product, as they should l)e the chief boast of our 
 religion. 
 
 There are and have l)een thonsands of sncli as Martha 
 ^A'ashhnrn, whose names are indelil)ly recorded in the 
 Book of Life, tliouuh unrecorded in human annals. 
 
40 TRIBUTE TO ISr.AEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 May they l)e increased and nndtiplied tlie •• Elect 
 Ladies " uf owy Zion. 
 
IN MHMORIAM 
 
 TRIBUTES FROM THE I'EIUJC I'UKSS. 
 
A REMARKABLE EAMILY. 
 
 The Li.Miis of the Old Washburn Tree of Maine. 
 
 From the Boston Herald, May 14, 1883. 
 
 Seventy-three yeai-s ago a, man fri)in Raynhain went 
 down into tlie (li.strict of Maine, wliieh was tlien eon- 
 siilered a (iod-forsaken country, and established liini- 
 self in hnsine.ss at Rieliiiiond, as it is now called. That 
 has since heen a great place for ship huilding, l)nt this 
 Raynhani man built the first vessel tliei'e. He began 
 to build another, l)nt it was in the eml)argo times, and 
 the second vessel was allowed to rot on the stocks. 
 Then he moved again — this time into one of the un- 
 settled back towns. Livermore it is called, not far from 
 where Lewiston has since grown up. He was a mem- 
 ber of the Massachusetts Legislature befin'e Maine 
 become a. state, he was a respected citizen, l)ut his 
 i-rown of glory I'omes from the fact that he reared a 
 family of ten children, and a more remarkable family 
 
44 XniBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIlBUIiX. .Ml. 
 
 the amials of this country cannot sIkjw. Six years 
 ago, out of the seven sons and three (laughters of tliis 
 modern [jatriarch. all hut two were alive. 
 
 Saturday noon, in Philadelphia, there died suddenly 
 one of the sons — ex-Gov. Israel Washburn. Jr., of 
 Maine. Before we speak of him let us look at his 
 family. First e(.)nies Israel, Jr., the subject of this 
 article, who was Maine's Rejjresentative in Congress 
 from ISijl to ISljO, and then "War Governor," as wc 
 say, in tlie first years of tlie rebellion. His brother 
 Elihu B., member of Congress from Illinois for eighteen 
 years, Secretary of State and ^linister to France at the 
 critical time when the tlermans overrun her. comes 
 next. Then Charles A., politician, presidential elector 
 and Minister to Paraguay. Next Cadwallader G. who 
 was in Congress twch'e years, was a Major-General of 
 volunteers during the rebellion, and also Governor of 
 Wisconsin. Also Wdliam I)., Congressman from Min- 
 nesota recently, and Sanuiel B., who served in the navy 
 during the war, and A. S., who has confined himself to 
 the banking busiH(!ss. Gov. C. C, of Wisconsin, when 
 he died a year or two ago, left millions. W. D.. of 
 Minneapolis, has nullions. E. B. has been talked of 
 as a presidential possibility. Three of these brothers 
 were in Congress at the same time. Was it not a 
 pretty good famih' '.' 
 
A REJrAUKABLE FAJIILY. 4t) 
 
 Israel, wlio died so unexpectedly Saturday, was 
 In-ouglit up in tlie town seliools within a few miles of 
 where Postmaster-General Howe, who died the other 
 day, Avas raised. He never went to college, l)ut he 
 read law and liegan its practice more than forty years 
 ago. When he was thirty-seven }'ears old he was 
 chosen to Congress from the Bangor district, which 
 ('harles kStetson, who died a few Avoeks ago, tlien repre- 
 sented, and Hannibal Handin liad represented just 
 l)efore. He served till 18G((, going over to the Re- 
 puldicans when that party was formed and the old 
 AThig party broke up. In tlie Lincoln year, he was 
 chosen Governor ly ntnirly Ki.fKHI majority, and re- 
 elected in ISni over the popular tien. Jameson and a 
 peace Democrat l>y an increased maj(U-ity. Worn out 
 by his work, he would not riui again, and was given 
 the Poi'tland collectorship. which he held for more 
 than a dozen years. Since he retired from that office, 
 six 3-ears ago, he has devoted himself to Ijusiness and 
 literature. 
 
 Mr. Washburn Avas a typical Ncav Englander. He 
 A^alued and retained the respect of his felloAV-citizens. 
 He AA'as enthusiastic in his political and religious rela- 
 tions. Many are the Universalist gatherings, conven- 
 tions, Sunday school anniversaries, temperance meetings 
 and the like, at Avhieh the writer of this has heard him 
 
46 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL AVASIIBURN, JR. 
 
 speak. He always spoke as if he Ijelieverl every word 
 he said. Earnest and lionest. he lielieved other men 
 were. He had faith in the people. Can anyl)ody 
 give a better reason for such wonderful snceess of a 
 plain nian'vS children ? Israel Washburn Avas a man 
 who came from the people, Avas one of the people (his 
 great idol Avas that poet of the people. Robert Bnrns) 
 Avho trusted the people, and sewed them to the Itest of 
 his abilitv'. 
 
ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 His Sudden Death in Philadelphia. 
 
 Complete Sketch hi- a. Bitsv Life 
 
 From l\w Portland Daily Press, May 14, 1S83. 
 
 Saturday afternoon tlie telegi-apli bi-oiight to Mr. 
 Nathan Allen, at the Custom House, the sad news of 
 the death of lion. Israel Washburn, Jr., at. 12:o0 p. si. of 
 that day. in Philadelphia. Mr. Washburn had been 
 out of health for several years. He had a serious at- 
 tack of indigestion about two years ago, which was 
 called by some a slight attack of apoplexy or paralysis. 
 Ijut which was afterwards denied. Last Thanksgiving 
 he returned from service at cliurch in the morning, 
 took a nap on the lounge, and when he awoke, could 
 not use his legs. This was thought to be a second 
 paralytic attack, but the Governor insisted it was not. 
 Since then, however, Mr. Washburn had not had the 
 full use of his legs, and, suffering from other troul)les, 
 he decided to go to Philadelphia and sulnnit to treat- 
 
48 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 ment by Dr. Mitchell, whose specialty is all nervous 
 diseases. Accompanied by his wife, his elder daughter 
 Ada, and his nephew, Mr. Allen, he started for Phila- 
 deljDhia on the 19th of April, a little over three weeks 
 ago. An associated press dispatch from Philadelphia, 
 received yesterday, says Mr. Washburn died about one 
 o'clock Saturday afternoon, at Lafayette Hotel in that 
 city. Deceased came to that city two weeks ago to 
 undergo medical treatment for kidney disease, but 
 death ensued from heart affection. His wife and 
 nurse were the only ones present at the time. About 
 eleven o'clock in the morning, the Governor was strong 
 enough to dictate a letter to a I'elative, but he then 
 rapidly sunk until the moment of dissolution. Tlie 
 Itody will arrive in Portland to-day. 
 
 Israel Washlnu-n, Jr., was born in Livermore, An- 
 droscoggin, (then Oxford) County, June 6, 1813, and 
 was a descendant in the seventh generation from John 
 Washburn, who came from Evesham, Worcestershire, 
 England, in 1031 (supposed to have l^een secretary of 
 the first council of Plymouth, in England), and who 
 settled in Duxl^ury as early as 1633, and in 1634 pur- 
 chased a place, still known, and near the old Standisli 
 House, called " The Eagle's Nest," whence he removed 
 to Bridgewater in 1665. His father, Israel, was liorn 
 hi Raynham, Mass., November 18, 1784, settled hi Liv- 
 
( OMPLETE SKET<n OF A I'.rSY LIFE. 40 
 
 orraore. in ISO!). Avlicre lie resided until his death. Sep- 
 tember 1. 1S70. He was a farmer, and engiiged also 
 in trade for many years. He took an active part in 
 the affairs of the town, of which he was often an othcer, 
 and which, hefore the separation in 1820, he represented 
 four years in the General Court. His father, a soldier of 
 tlie Revolution, and his grandfather (who had removed 
 to Raynham). were prominent men in that part of the 
 Commonwealth, had Ik^cu members of the General 
 Court, and tlie latter a, member of the convention wdiich 
 adopted the lirst constitution of the Commonwealth. 
 
 Mr. Washburn's mother was a daughter of Samuel 
 Benjamin, a native of Watertown, Mass.. and a Lieu- 
 tenant in the Revolution, who served from the liattle 
 of Lexington to the surrender of Cornwallis, and was 
 in both engagements. Her m(_)ther was Tahiitlia Liver- 
 more, of Waltham, Mass., an aunt of the late Hon. Lsaac 
 Livermore, of Caml)ridge, Mass. Their children were 
 Israel, the subject of this notice ; Algernon S.. merchant 
 and l)anker, deceased at Hallowcll ; Elihu B., Re[)re- 
 sentative in Congress from Illinois tVir sixteen years. 
 Secretary of State and Minister Plenipotentiary to 
 France ; Cadwallader C, LL.D., Representati\'e in 
 (Jongress from Wisc(.msin for tiui yeai's, Maj(n'-(Jen. ui 
 Volunteers during the civil war. and (lovernoi' of 
 Wisconsin: ("harles A., editor at San Francisco. Miu- 
 
50 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 ister Resident at Paraguay and author of a history of 
 that countr}^ ; Samuel B., Captain U. S. N. during the 
 civil war, until lately living at the old homestead of 
 '■ The Norlands," at Livermore. William D., of Min- 
 neapolis, President of the Minneapolis and St. Louis 
 Railroad, Representative in Congress from Minnesota, 
 and three daughters, and a son who died in infancy. 
 
 Israel went to the town schools until he was fourteen, 
 then received a classical education through private 
 tutorship for four years, read law, was admitted to the 
 har in Orono, in Octolier, 1834, and commenced practice 
 there in December of that year. He was elected a 
 member of the State Legislature in 1842. He was a 
 Whig Representative in Congress from the Penobscot 
 District for the Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirty- 
 fourth, Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serv- 
 ing while in that body as Chairman of the Committee 
 on Elections, meml)er of the Committee on Ways and 
 Means, of the Pacific Railroad, and of less important 
 committees. He identified himself with the Republican 
 party from the date of its organization. 
 
 In 1800 he was elected Governor of the State, and 
 resigned his seat in Congress to assume his new duties. 
 He served as Governor in 1861 and 18G2. It was dur- 
 ing his first year's service that the war of the rebellion 
 was begun ; there was no military organization, or at 
 
('((Mri.ETK 8KET<'II OF A BUSY LIFE. 51 
 
 least a merely nominal one in the State at the time, 
 and it was necessary to create one. For more than a 
 year, nearly the entire work of raising, uniforming, 
 equipping and arming troops and transporting them as 
 far as New York city, and defraying the cost thereof, fell 
 upon the State (iovernment. These duties involved 
 immense labor, and much, which in other States, having 
 an active military organization, was not re(]uired. But 
 in spite of all obstacles, the first two regiments of Maine 
 soldiers were sent to the front armed and equipped in 
 a manner that suhse(piently elicited from the Secretary 
 of War las thanks and commendation to Gov. Washliurn. 
 
 After his retirement fi'om the office of Governor in 
 18G2 — he declining a re-election — President Lincoln, 
 in ISGi!, appouited Mr. Washburn ('ollec'tor of the Port. 
 He then removed to this city and made it his home. 
 So satisfactory was his fulfillment of the duties of the 
 office, that he held it liy successive re-appointments 
 until 1877. During his term of office the new and 
 l)eautiful Custom House I)uilding was erected, and when 
 he retired from the coUectorship, he was given a sur- 
 prise party with many testimonials of regard from the 
 emjiloyes of the customs who liad held office mider him. 
 
 Mr. Washburn was one of the active promoters of the 
 construction of the Portland i.^' Ggdensliurg Railroad, 
 and afterward took a leading part in the organization of 
 
52 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 the Rumford Falls and Bucklield Railroad, of which he 
 was President. He was also Vice President of the Port- 
 land Board of Trade, one of the Trustees of the Maine 
 General Hospital, and President of the Board of Trus- 
 tees of Tuft's College, from which he had received the 
 degree of Doctor of Laws. On the Fourth of July. 
 1865, after the close of the civil war, by invitation of 
 the authorities of Portland, he delivered an oration in 
 this city on '' From what, through what, and to Avhat, 
 the country had been brought by the civil war." 
 
 Mr. Washburn was also a member of the standing- 
 committee of the Maine Historical Society. His pub- 
 lished works are a historical oration delivered on the 
 centennial anniversary of the settlement of Orono, a 
 volume of notes on Livermore, an exhaustive j^aper on 
 the Northeastern Boundary question, published in the 
 last volume of collections of the Maine Historical 
 Society, and a memoir of the late Chief Justice Ether 
 Shepley. He was also a Vice President of the New 
 England Historic, Genealogical Society, and a member 
 of the American Antiquarian Society. 
 
 Mr. Washburn married, in October, 1841, Mary 
 Maud, youngest daughter of Col. Ebenezer Weljster, of 
 (_)rono, Ijy whom he had four children, Israel Henry. 
 Lieutenant U. S. Marine Corps ; Charles Fox, of Min- 
 nesota, a member of the Minnesota Legislature ; Ada 
 
A COMPLKTE SKET( H OF A Bl'SY LIFE. OO 
 
 and Maud. Mrs. Wasldairn died in 1873. and in 
 January, ISTG, .Mr. ^^a.shllnrn niariied Mis.-^ Eoliina 
 Napier, (ddcst daug]iter (if Benjamin F. Brown, Esq., of 
 Ari.)0.stoi)k County. After their marriage. Mr. and Mi's. 
 Wasldiui'ii made an extended torn' aliroad. especially 
 visiting the home of Burns, of whieh ]ioet Mr. Wash- 
 hurn was very fond, as well as of Scotland, his lecture 
 on the "Poets of Scotland" being one of the l)est and 
 most a])preciati^'l' criticisms of the Scottish hards known. 
 Mr. Wa.sjiliurn possessed all the qualities that go tn 
 grasp success. lie was thorough in kn(_iwledge, a good 
 orator, peri^istent, aggressive, where necessary, l)ut at 
 heart kind and affectionate. He will he a great hiss to 
 the comnunuty in which he has always taken .so nuicli 
 interest, and also to all the enterprises with which he 
 was connected. 
 
54 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 Funeral Services. 
 
 From the Portland Daily Press of May 16, 1883. 
 
 The funeral of the Hon. Israel Washl)iirii, Jr., took 
 ])lace from his late residence on Spring street yesterday 
 afternoon at two o'clock. There was a very large 
 attendance of prominent men and well-known citi- 
 zens. The family — outside of the members of tlie 
 late Governor's household — present consisted of Gen. 
 W. D. Washburn ; Capt. Washburn, of Deering ; Mrs. 
 Stephenson ; Col. Webster and wife ; Major Weston and 
 wife ; Mr. A. D. Brown and family. The State was 
 represented liy Governor Roljie and Hon. S. C. Hatch, 
 of Bangor. 
 
 The services were in charge of Hon. George W. 
 Woodman. The i)all bearers Avere Gen. S. J. Anderson 
 and Geo. E. B. Jackson, from the railroads; Collector 
 Dow and Ex-Gov. Perham, from the Custom House ; 
 Messrs. John D. Lord and Alfred Wo(jdman, from the 
 
FUNERAL SERVICES. 00 
 
 cliurcli ; and Hon. Charles F. Liljhy and A. F. Muidton. 
 I'mni the har. 
 
 Tlie Custom House otticials were generally present. 
 From the Maine General Hospital were noticed Messrs. 
 H. N. .Jose, F. R. Barrett and Sui)erintendent Hunt. 
 PVim the Puhlic Lihrarv, Edward A. Noyes and S. M. 
 Watson. From the Maine Historical Society, Messrs. 
 .Tames P. Baxter, Rev. ^Mr. Burrage, H. AV. Bryant and 
 others. From the Rumford Falls R. R.. Vice President 
 Hayford. R. ( '. Bradford and others. From the Atlantic 
 & St. Lawrence, S. T. Corser. From the Rochester. 
 Hon. Geo. P. We.scott. From the Cumherland Bar. 
 President S. (.!. Strout. Lewis Pierce. U. S. ^Lirshal Geo. 
 I). Bishee. Hon. W. AV. Thomas. .Ir., .Judge Symonds. 
 Hon. L. D. M. Sweat. .Judge Cleaves. Hon. H. B. 
 Cleaves. From the Board of Trade. Hon. W. W. 
 Thomas, T. C. Hersey, W. S. Dana. M. X. Rich, Geo. S. 
 Hunt, Philip H. Brown and many others. From West- 
 hrook Seminary. Chas. S. Fobes and Dr. Weston. 
 
 The remains, inclosed in a lieautiful rosewood casket, 
 were placed in the parlor. The casket liore a large 
 silver plate engraved with the name, dates of hirtli and 
 death of deceased. There wei'e two superb crosses of 
 white camellias, heath and roses, one from the Ivumford 
 Falls and Bnckfield Railroad, the other unmarked, an 
 
56 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURX, JR. 
 
 elegant wreath from Mrs. J. P. Baxter, and an ivy 
 wreath from the family. 
 
 The services consisted of singing liy the First Uni- 
 versalist choir, composed of Mrs. Hawes, Miss Weeks, 
 Mr. Hudson and Mr. Lambert. 
 
 The opening selection was " Rest," nuisic l)y Warren. 
 Rev. Henry Blanchard read a portion of the scriptures, 
 after which the choir sang " Cast thy Inirden (in the 
 Lord." 
 
 Rev. E. C. Bolles, then spoke substantially as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 ADDRESS OF REV. E. 0. BOLLES, LL.D., OF SALEM. M.\SS. 
 
 The value of many noljle wcjrks of art which have 
 come down to us from Ijy-gone ages, is increased when 
 we feel that the artist wrought into his masterpieces 
 something of his own private life. The personality of 
 a great soul can glorify the expression of its ideals. 
 And so the secret Ijeauty which gi^'es its highest charm 
 to the public character of that man in whose honor we 
 are sad and silent here, is the rare virtue and sweetness 
 which lies at its heart. And for this reason, whatever 
 voice shall be lifted in words of comfort or praise, the 
 undertone of them shall be the expression of our friend- 
 ship, — a friendship which makes this death a personal 
 sorrow and loss to every one of us. 
 
FT'XERAL SEia'KES. •)/ 
 
 I can hardl}' speak as I would to-day. It seems as 
 if my own heart was umler a eloud. The 1)etter portion 
 of my own pnhlii' life was passed in this eity ; and I 
 cannot think of tliose days except to recall our friend. 
 1 knew him for many years. First, when his life was 
 in its prime, when his voice rang out for the right, like 
 the notes of a trumpet. al)ove the din of civil conllict. 
 hi those days avIicu he made for himself a place in his 
 c(_)untry"s history. I came to know him better when 
 he took his positi(m here among the commercial inter- 
 ests of this community. Not .so very distant do those 
 ilays a}ipear ; and yet what changes upon every side. 
 As 1 walk am(.)ng these Portland homes, remeniliering 
 .so well who u.sed to live in these houses, and iiow tliey 
 iiave been carried through the doors which opened for 
 the last time before them on their jtmrney to the 
 grave, the streets seem streets of tomlts. Of what a. 
 brave company' he was the chief ! The old forms have 
 passed away, the familiar faces art; seen no more, and 
 now. — he is gone I 
 
 The friendshi}) which makes this loss a personal and 
 severe one to us all. shows the rare power of his life. 
 He was born to win mans love. From hrst to last, he 
 was a man to be hon(n'ed, tiaisted and })i-aised. Tie 
 knew no dishonorable days. He received with his 
 name — a name so honored and trusted in this Stati', a 
 
58 TRIHUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 name which was in itself a recommendation to public 
 favor — a keen insight into whatever was most pro- 
 gressive, most excellent, most necessary for the public 
 good. Continuing in the line of its tradition, the name 
 with him l)ore splendid fruit. He took up his burdens 
 and diseliarged his duty with no common fidelity. He 
 was a pillar of integrity. He was loyalty itself. His 
 enthusiasm was a noble contagion. He was the most 
 hopeful man I ever knew ; and back of his hope was 
 an mifaltering courage. No one ever could measure 
 his .sj'mpathy. He was l)road and wise in his states- 
 manship. He was a lover of good men. His Christian 
 faith and works were known to all ; and while the 
 spire of our beloved church shall stand against the sky. 
 I shall feel that no other name deserves more grateful 
 memory in its communion. 
 
 His, too, was a culture which made the rest of us 
 seem like beginners. He adorned, while he taught it 
 to us, the best literature of the world. His scholarly 
 tastes aided him in contibuting to the public work and 
 life of this city. May I not say that no citizen of 
 Portland has ever done more for the refinement and 
 enlightenment of this connuunity ? 
 
 There is profound sadness in sa3'ing that sucli a life 
 has passed away ; yet, standing in the midst oi this 
 sorrowing family, we must also say that even for this 
 
FTTNERAL SERVICES. 5".) 
 
 life there comes a higher one — the life of Heaven. A 
 great life cannot all develop here ; it needs the greatei" 
 privilege of immortality. So they pass on. these chil- 
 dren of a mortal day, and the ever swinging portals 
 give them entrance to the joy beyond. Yet what pain 
 to ns in the parting ! Sad is the grave under winter 
 snows or summer siui, sad the heart's badges of mourn- 
 ing, whicli remain long after we have i)ut off the out- 
 ward signs of grief. All this cries out for comfort, the 
 I'omfort from the ever-loving Father, the great comfort 
 which comes from the thought of the eternal and un- 
 broken homi'. 
 
 What do we think of Ilcavcn ? How })icturc it? 
 It cannot l)e so strange to us when we first are tiicre. 
 for who is there of us all who has not given to it a 
 part of himself'.' Wlio does not look u[i to it witli 
 
 of Heaven. " My dear ones will be there " '.' 
 
 And how great a. portion of this life which we honor 
 was given to tin.' liresidc and the family. True do- 
 mestic virtue finds in him a worthy type. His own 
 ri.se u[) to call liim l)]essed. Aud what a family that 
 was which gathered at the old Xortheru home. I Ivuew 
 it at its best, when the line. Iionored. grey-jiaired father 
 was its (-entei', when the iilad voices of the brotiiers 
 
60 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JK. 
 
 rang out. voices that will never be heard together on 
 earth again. What unity, what mutual pride, what 
 peace there was in that household, and how its mem- 
 ories may give to its surviving members the i)romise 
 of the household aliove ! 
 
 We say, therefore, to the family of this man whose 
 years on earth have been so full of honor, wlio was so 
 yood, so true to tliem : " This, too, is oiu' sorrow. 
 
 o 
 
 Let us help you bear this cross. Let us pray together 
 for the comfort of the Holy Spirit, let us look onward 
 to our rest in the eternal year.s of God." 
 
 Rev. Mr. IManchard then offered prayer, the choir 
 sano; " Come, ye disconsolate," and the lienedict ion was 
 pronoiuiced. 
 
A TRIBUTE TO THE DEPARTED. 
 
 From tlie Bangor Whig and Courier of May 14, 188:!. 
 
 In view of the announcement l»y telegraph that the 
 mortal remains of the late Hon. Israel Washliurn, Jr.. 
 will lie laid to rest in the lieautiful Mount Hope 
 Cemetery of Bang'or, several gentlemen, who had con- 
 ferred about it, informally invited a numher c^f citizens 
 to meet in the Commim Council room yesterday after- 
 noon, to take some action to show the liigh respect of 
 this community for the departed. Comparatively few 
 were aware of the proposed meeting, but at the ap- 
 pointed hour about twenty-five of our prominent citizens 
 assemljled and chose Hon. S. F. Humphrey to preside. 
 
 Hon. S. H. Blake jiresented the following resolu- 
 tions : 
 
 Bcsidred, That the sudden death of Oov. Washburn has again 
 admoni.slied us Ijy how brittle a tenure life is held, and has 
 again reminded us tliat the greatest worth and the highest 
 virtues, however much they may adorn and bless, and however 
 ill the world can afford to part with them, still that they, too, 
 perish in a single night or day, like the flowers of the field. 
 8 
 
62 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 But the fragrance of the flower is left behind, and so is the 
 fragrance of a good name — the best inheritance of man from 
 man. 
 
 Resolved, That we will attend the burial services, in this 
 city, of our departed friend, in token of our respect for him 
 whom we honored in life, and whose memory we cherish and 
 venerate. 
 
 Resolved, That a committee be appointed to confer with the 
 relatives of the deceased and make such arrangements for the 
 burial services as may be agreeable to them, and fitting to 
 the solemn occasion. 
 
 The resolutions were unanimously adopted, and the 
 following committee was appointed Ijy the chair : 
 Hon. John Appleton, Hon. Hannibal Hamlin. Hon. S. 
 H. Blake, Hon. John A. Peters, Hon. Abraham San- 
 born, Hon. Chas. Hayward, Hon. Arad Thompson, F. A. 
 Wilson, Esq., Dr. S. B. Morison, Isaac R. Clark, Esq., 
 Hon. Daniel F. Davis, Hon. Lysander Strickland, Hon. 
 A. W. Paine, Hon. E. C. Brett, A. L. Simpson, Esq., 
 Col. A. B. Farnham, 0. H. Ingalls, Esq., Hon. B. B. 
 Thomas, Hon. A. G. Wakefield, Gen. C. W. Roberts, 
 Gen. Geo. Varney, Hon. Wm. H. McCrillis, John Var- 
 ney, Esq., Judge S. F. Humphrey. J. F. Rawson, Esq., 
 J. F. Snow, E.sq., Geo. W. Merrill, Esq., S. P. Bradljury, 
 Esq., John H. Wilson, Esq. 
 
 The above committee appointed a sub-committee con- 
 sisting of F. A. Wilson, Esq., Isaac R. Clark, Esq., and 
 Dr. S. B. Morison to perfect arrangements. 
 
THE LAST SAD RITES. 
 
 From llie Baiignr Wliig and Courier, May i'j, 1883. 
 
 Tile remains of the late IIou. Israel Washburn, Jr.. 
 were on Thursday, May 10th, lai(.l iieaeefull}' to rest, l>y 
 the side of the wife of his earlier years, in IMount Hope 
 Cemetery, in the presence of the widow and sorrowing- 
 relatives and a large gathering of men distinguished in 
 the various walks of life. 
 
 Shortl}- after half-past nine o'elock a special train 
 left the Exchange street station, l)earing to Mount 
 Hope numerous citizens of Bangor, who felt it a privi- 
 lege to pay this homage to the memory of the departed. 
 There were man}' also who drove from the city in private 
 carriages. Among the Bangor gentlemen in attendance 
 were Chief Justice John Appleton, Associate Justice 
 John A. Peters, Ex-Governor Daniel F. Davis, Ex-Con- 
 gressman G. W. Ladd, Congressman C. A. Boutelle. 
 Judges J. E. Godfrey, S. F. Humphrey, H. C. Goode- 
 now and E. C. Brett ; Ex-Mayors Charles Hayward. 
 
64 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURX, JR. 
 
 A. D. Manson, J. S. Wheelwright, J. P. Bass and Ly- 
 sancler Strickhmd ; Postmaster A. B. Farnham, Hon. 
 Wm. H. McCrillis, Hon. S. H. Bhike. F. A. Wilson, Esq.. 
 A. W. Paine, Esq., Jolm L. Croshy, Esq., Isaac R. Clark, 
 Esq., R. S. Morison, Esq., Dr. S. B. Morison and Dea. 
 E. F. Duren. 
 
 There was also a large party came from Orono, tlie 
 former residence of the deceased, and among them 
 were the following : Col. Ehen Webster, wife and 
 family, P. D. Webster and wife, Mrs. E. P. Webster. 
 Mrs. Joseph Treat, James Webster and wife, Charles 
 Webster, Mrs. E. E. Snow, Dr. E. N. Mayo and wife, 
 Charles Allen and Ivan E. Webster, relatives of the 
 deceased ; and Mrs. Charles Bnffum, E. P. Butler and 
 wife, Samuel Lililiy, Charles M. Gould, W. F. Chase. 
 A. J. Durgin, J. C. Wilson, Mrs. S. Foster, A. G. Ring 
 and wife, Mrs. Col. J. W. Atwell, Miss Maud Wel^ster, 
 Miss Ada Gilman and Mrs. Eben Thissell. 
 
 The funeral procession left the receiving tomb about 
 half-past ten o'clock, and marched with solemn tread 
 toward the final resting place. The relatives occupied 
 the enclosure within the family lot, while the assemblage 
 stood on the walks around. The pall bearers were 
 Chief Justice John Appleton, Judge John A. Peters. 
 Hon. Wm. H. McCrillis, Hon. Samuel H. Blake, Samuel 
 Libbey, Esq., and E. P. Butler, Esq., the two latter of 
 
THE LAST SAP rjTES. 65 
 
 Orono. The casket, strewn with floral ott'erings, was 
 tenderly deposited on a l)ed of evergreen. 
 
 The services were opened l)y Rev. Geo. W. Field, wlm 
 read an appropriate passage of Scripture. Rev. Amory 
 Battles then paid a eulogy to the departed in the fol- 
 lowing eloquent words : 
 
 ADDRESS OF KEV. Mil. BATTLES. 
 
 It is tit that the last memorial services over the 
 body Lif our dear friend, should take place i>n tliis spot, 
 so near the scene where the yc^ars of his life, most 
 crowded with activity and usefulness, were passed, 
 and among these fi-iends who have learned to love and 
 honor him, and who have watched his growing fame 
 with such deep interest and just pride. And l)efore 
 we lay this precious dust to its final resting place, 
 within the sound of the perpetual music of the Penoli- 
 .scot. it is pro})er that a few words should !)(■ spuken, 
 expressive of our appreciation of his ahility and great 
 moral worth. 
 
 Israel Washlaurn, Jr., was a ))road-minded, large- 
 hearted, noljle-souled man, whom anybody might l)e 
 thankful to number among his friends. lie was a 
 typical New Englandei-. A good specimen of the fair 
 fruit, which grows upon the tree of our Republican 
 
66 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBITRX, JR. 
 
 institutions. His whole nature was run in a large 
 mould. His fine mental endowment was deepened 
 and strengthened by a generous culture, a careful 
 observation, wise thinking and a wide range of read- 
 ing among the best authors in literature, poetry, 
 history, philosophy, political economy and theology, 
 both of the past and present. What a breadth there was 
 to his views ! "What common sense to his thoughts ! 
 What wisdom in his })hilosophy! What catholicity 
 to his s^'mpathies ! What a sparkle to his wit and 
 humor ! What abundance to his sociability ! How 
 all of us, who have been nuich with him. have felt 
 the brightness of his radiant cheerfulness ! It has 
 seemed, sometimes, as he has come into our presence, 
 as if he was a great company in himself. With 
 what an intensity he loved the Ijeautiful in nature ! 
 Wordsworth was not more delighted in wandering 
 among liis native mountains, nor Bryant in roaming 
 by the streams and among the hills of his early Hamp- 
 shire home, than he, in looking upon the many scenes 
 of rare beauty up and down our own Penobscot and 
 all over this grand State of Maine. He gravitated as 
 naturally to all that is sweet and beautiful in nature, 
 and to all that is true, Ijroad, just and uplifting to 
 humanity as the needle to the north pole. The whole 
 atmosphere of his thought and life was wide, piu'e and 
 
THE LAST SAD RITES. () ( 
 
 healthful. Commencing lii.-^ life'.s work a8 a lawyer, if 
 he had confined his studies and energies to tliat pro- 
 fession. It is evident that lie would have won eminent 
 distinction at the Bar, for he had those mental and 
 moral traits whicli are quite sure to gain legal success 
 — a clear licad, quick perception, a well balanced judg- 
 ment — allicit united with an impulsive temperament — 
 . which eualjled him to compare one thing with another. 
 an instinctive love of justice, an unflincliing integrity, 
 glowing imagination, and a love of and ca|>acity for 
 close and long continued study. 
 
 With these qualities, he would certainly have l)ecome 
 a. skilled c(.iunselor, and when you add to them that 
 fervid eloquence wliich marked his pu!)lic utterance, 
 moving on with increasing volume as he advanced in 
 his suliject, like a river, widening and deepening as it 
 flows, it is equally certain that he would liave taken a 
 front rank as an advocate. But in the midst of an 
 increasing practice and a growing reputation in his 
 profession, he was called, hy the partiality of his fellow 
 citizens of this Congressi(_>na.l District, to the lialls of 
 (jur National Legislature. It was at a- most inqiortant 
 period in our eountr3-"s history. <_)ld party lines were 
 being re-formed and the questions of political econoniy 
 whicli had divided parties wT're f)eing superseded Ijy 
 the broader and more deeply vital question.s of justice. 
 
68 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 humanity and national existence. Tliere was no doubt, 
 no wavering on his part, Ijut true to the noble instincts 
 of his nature, true to the demands of justice, humanity 
 and the calls of a broad and wise statesmanship, he 
 eagerly threw his influence for the right and took his 
 stand by those public men who had been longer in the 
 struggle than he, and whose voice and votes have added 
 to the strength and glory of our nation. 
 
 After ten years of efficient service in this sphere, the 
 voice of his State summoned him to the more difficult 
 and critical duties of her Chief Magistracy. Three 
 months after he took his seat, the cloud of war which, 
 for the few years previous, had been growing bigger 
 and lilacker, broke in all its fury and terribleness over 
 our country, and then a new brightness was added to 
 his name. By his energy, patriotism and enthusiasm, 
 he took honorable place with the best and most patri- 
 otic of the War Governors of the loyal States — Morton, 
 Yates, Andrew and others. His acts during these 
 years ai'e a part of the honorable history of our Com- 
 monwealth. He filled this responsible office two years, 
 and was then appointed to another position of public 
 trust, which he occupied for fourteen years, making in 
 all iu(jre than a quarter of a century of public service, 
 when he retired to private life, without a stain upon 
 
THE LAST SAD RITES. 69 
 
 his good name, no spot upon his clean hands ; witliout 
 even suspicion resting upon his fair reputation. 
 
 As a man, husl)and, father, friend, citizen, lie was 
 pTUT', exalted, noble and Christian. And this l)rings 
 me to say, lastly, that, in all his reading, study, pro- 
 fessional laViors, now hotly contending for party success 
 in the political arena, now deeply absorlied in his duties 
 as legislator and Governor, he never allowed his inter- 
 est in moral and religions things to wane. Away from 
 home, attending to his various labors, it was his joy. 
 when Sunday came, to join with his friends, in religious 
 worship, and, on his return t(j his village home, Simday 
 found him at the church, listening with as much inter- 
 est to his own pastor as he would to the most eloquent 
 preacher of the land, and meeting his Sunday School 
 class with as much punctuality as though he was at- 
 tending to the most important matters of State, and 
 ])ointing their thouglits and steps where he was travel- 
 ing — heavenward. You all know to what Ijranch of 
 the Christian church he belonged, for in his religious 
 opinions, he was as openly, emphatically and enthusi- 
 astically pronounced, as he was in all his other opinions. 
 His nature, his thinking, his Bil)le reading, led him to 
 the " larger hope " of Tennyson, 
 
 " that good shall fall 
 At last,— far off,— at last to all, 
 And every Winter change to Spring." 
 
70 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 In promoting the interests of his portion of Zion, he 
 was earnest and unwearying. To its schools of Learn- 
 ing, its colleges, its Sunday schools, its various church 
 enterprises, he gave his personal presence, his wise 
 counsels, his liberal pecuniary support. No layman 
 within its ranks, the country through, exerted a wider 
 or more healthy influence. But while thus devoted to 
 one branch of the Christian church, his nature was too 
 broad, and he had drank too deeply of the s2)irit of 
 Christ, to l)e l)igoted and narrowly denominational. 
 He belonged, it is true, to the Universalist Church, Init 
 he also lielonged to the Clun-ch Universal, and was 
 glad to work with all those laboring for that coming- 
 day of glory, when trust in God and love toward man 
 shall Ijc the liond and badge of Christian union and 
 God's will " shall Ije done on earth as in heaven." I 
 say trust in God, for with all the l>readth of his culture 
 and the wideness of his intellectual and religious sym- 
 pathies, there was nothing of that nebulous vagueness 
 ahout him which characterizes the noisy skepticism 
 that is now so ardently trying to arrest and captivate 
 the puldic mind. All the lines of his thoughts, spec- 
 ulations and hopes, converged to those central and 
 luminous points — Cod, Christ, Soul, Immortality. 
 
 And is this '• the Ije-all and end-all " of such rich 
 culture and noljle living ? Are Ave to feel, as we drop 
 
THE LAST SAD KITES. 71 
 
 our tears u}ion this lifeless iVirm, that they ilow I'n.im an 
 aft'eetioii that is linally tu he lilotted out in everlastiiiu' 
 riuthingness? No I No! (iiiideil l>y this thought and 
 all that is hest in human nature and luuuau history, 
 and the preeious promises of (^'hristianit}", we Avill 
 ))elieve that he has laid aside this UKtrtal rolje, t<j he 
 clothed with immortality. And as we Jjid him good- 
 hye, on this day of ojiening spring, we will think of 
 the welcome he has received on the other side frt)ni 
 "wife, father, mother. l)rothers, sister ; from those with 
 Avhom he has joined in religious work: King, Ballon, 
 Chapnn, Leonard, Barstow. Ilerse}' and Hichborn — from 
 those who shared with him in political labors : Seward. 
 Sunnier, Wilson, Fessenden. Giddings. Stevens. Kent, 
 and many other dear ones who have joined the sacred 
 cii'cle there. FarcAvell, dear, nolile friend and brother ! 
 Farewell, for a time, till we, t(jo, shall go to stand liy 
 your side, and drink of tlie joy and peace of that 
 inmiortal river "which Hows fast by the throne of 
 God." 
 
 Upon the completion of Mr. Battles' address, the 
 following supplication t(.i the Throne of Grace was 
 made by Rev. Geo. W. Field, D. D. : 
 
72 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 Almighty God, we acknowledge tlie justice of the 
 decree which saith, " Dust unto dust and the spirit 
 unto God who gave it " — standing here in this sacred 
 enclosure, amid the remains of so many whom we have 
 laid away in the ground — about to consign to the grave 
 this body also, dear to us because it has been the tene- 
 ment of so true and pure a spirit. As we do it, we 
 rejoice to remember that it is only the dust which we 
 are about to consign to the dust — that the spirit, the 
 soul — all that which we loved and honored — the clear 
 mind, the strong will, tlie tender heart, the upright 
 conscience — tlmt we do not put away into the grave — 
 over that death and the grave have no power. That 
 hath passed on already to the " God who gave it," — to 
 its rest and its reward. 
 
 In thy Providence, God, thou hast seen fit to take 
 away one of our strong men — one to whom in many 
 troublous times we had looked for guidance and 
 inspiration ; and we have come together that we might 
 express in some feeljle manner the honor in which we 
 hold his memory — that we might I'ender the praise for 
 his distinguished career unto thee who art the author 
 of all that is good and great on earth and in heaven. 
 We feel that he Ijelonged, not alone to friends and to 
 
THE LAST SAD KITES. / O 
 
 family — to those whose hearts and whose homes have 
 been desohited l)y Ids death — l)ut to all of us in whose 
 midst his years of active service were spent, lief ore 
 whom the virtues of his daily life were so long illus- 
 trated ; and whose interests he represented and guarded 
 in so many imjiortant relations, and at so many critical 
 periods of our history. 
 
 A mourning community, we bow before thy righteous 
 will with submission, humiliation, confidence and faith, 
 acknowledging that thou doest all things well : we 
 would come also with the deepest feelings of thankful- 
 n(.'ss for that which thou hast given, and that which 
 th(ja hast taken awa\-. We thank thee for the ability 
 with which he served his country in the coiuicils of the 
 state and the nation ; for the lirmness, the wisdom, 
 the strength, with which he maintained the interests 
 of the largest freedom and the highest truth in the 
 times which tried men's souls, and for the noljle con- 
 sistency Avith which he maintained thi'ough all the 
 changes of a long career the principles which enlisted 
 the enthusiasm of his earlier years. We thank thee 
 that through his labors, and the labors of a- multitude 
 of others of kindred spirit, a terrific rebellion w^as 
 subdued, millions of the oppressed were lifted into lil)- 
 erty, and the foundations of our country's institutions 
 and prosperity were laid on a broader and firmer Ixisis. 
 
74 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 Even more than for his eminent aliility. we thank tliee 
 for the eminent integrity of hi.s life — for tlie purity — 
 the honesty — tlie truthfuhiess of his character — such 
 that no shadow of a stain rests upon his fair name, 
 that lie was ahle to live amid all the fierce competi- 
 tions and temptations of pnhlic life, in such way that 
 no breath vi reproach was ever Avhispered against his 
 highest Christian honor. And we thank thee for the 
 rare qualities of mind and heart, which manifested 
 themselves in the closer relations of life, for the warmth 
 and tenderness of heart, the unfailing buoyanc}- and 
 cheerfulness, the generosity and sweetness of nature 
 which made his fi-iendship so delightful, and which 
 spread such happiness through his home. And most 
 of all. at this time, we thank thee that he was a Chris- 
 tian : tliat he had an unfaltering faith in the truths of 
 our divine religion ; that he believed in the God, wlit) 
 is the Father of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ, the 
 God who is not only an Almighty Power over us, 
 making for righteousness, but an infinite heart making 
 for happiness — a Being of boundless wisdom, holiness, 
 goodness — guiding not only his destin}-. l)ut the desti- 
 nies of the Universe to issues more glorious than we 
 can conceive, by methods and processes deeper and wiser 
 than we can comprehend. When such an one passes 
 away in the ripeness of his years and of his honors, we 
 
THE LAST SAD RITES. ( •) 
 
 do not feel that we are called iqjoii to mourn tVir him. 
 "We thank thee that we are not liere hy this open grave 
 to h(jw our heads in sorrow, but to lift them in joy and 
 exultation — thanking and praising thee that such a 
 .spirit hath iinished his eoui'se so well, and hath gone to 
 his well deserved reward. 
 
 And now, God, we implore thy blessing upon all 
 tlie relatives who are afflicted in this event, })raying 
 that thou wilt help them to liow in sulmussion to thy 
 holy will and to cultivate that spirit of clieerful trust 
 in Divine Providence which was so characteristic of 
 him whom they mourn. And in all tlie sorrow of their 
 liearts. may they lie grateful to thee that tiiey were 
 permitted to stand in such close and tender relations 
 to so rare a spirit — to see so near at hand the virtues 
 that others Ijeheld only in tlie distance — that it was 
 given to them to make his life happier, and at last to 
 cheer and comfort his declining and suffering days. 
 And may they feel that the l)est tribute tliey can ren- 
 der to his memor}- is to inutate the excellencies which 
 they admired, and so t') live in all integrity, imrity and 
 Christian faithfulness, that his spirit. Iixjking down upon 
 them, can take satisfaction in them. 
 
 And wilt tliou Idess all of us. his friends, ac(piaint- 
 ances and neighbors. May his memory, enshrined in 
 our hearts, be a constant inspiration to all that is ]»ure 
 
76 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 — all that is honest — all that is faithful — all tliat is 
 patriotic — to all that is gentle, loving and charitable — 
 to all that is firm and Christian. 
 
 And we invoice thy blessing upon the country in 
 Avhose service so much of the life of the deceased was 
 passed. May the principles of righteousness and of 
 freedom, for which he contended, become more and 
 more dominant among us. May no dark spot of 
 treason, of slavery, of repudiation of obligations ever 
 he found on the skirts of this great nation. May our 
 country. North and South, East and West, he the home 
 of freedom, of intelligence, of true and pure Christianity, 
 a guiding star to the nations of the earth and a benedic- 
 tion to all the peoples. And may thy blessing l)e upon 
 us all, in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. 
 
 The impressive burial service closed with a benedic- 
 tion by Rev. Mr. Battles. 
 
EX-GOV. ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 His Death. 
 
 From the Gospel Banner, Augusta, Me., May 19, 188:1, 
 Rev. Geoi-ge W. (iuiniby, D.l)., Editor. 
 
 The Hon. Israel Wa.slilrarn, Jr., LL.D., of Portland, 
 is dead. We write these words with a sorrow whieh 
 cannot ))e expressed. We had known him well and 
 intimately for iiKjre than fort}' years, only to respect 
 and Itive him. Our first home, as a settled clergyman, 
 was hi the family of his excellent father in Livermore. 
 Then the family ol ten children were all li^•ing. their 
 lives, interests and anticipations hap})ily blending into 
 (jne. Several (jf the children were at that time at 
 home, Init Israel, the eldest, was married and settled 
 as a lawyer in Orono. From hoylnxid, he was an out- 
 spoken and earnest Universali.'^t, both his parents frmii 
 cliildlio(.)d having lieen rooted and grounded in thi,-- 
 faith. Xo man could Ije more loyal to his religion 
 than Mr. Washburn. It was ever a source of the most 
 
78 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 lieart-felt eiijuymeiit tu liim to laljor for its interest. 
 Whether as a meiiil)er of liis own parish, or of tlie de- 
 nomination generally, he was always generous and 
 faithful. He gave lai'ge sums to Westbrook Seminar}', 
 his last subscriiDtion, two years ago, being one thousand 
 dollars. About the same time, the Chureh of the 
 Messiah, — India Street, Portland, — Ijeing in danger of 
 passing out of the hands of the parish, was saved from 
 such a fate ly the pi'ompt and generous act of Mr. 
 Washljurn, Avho, on liis own individual responsiljility, 
 stepped forward and purchased it at the cash cost of 
 sonie twelve thousand dollars, giving the parish the 
 opportunity of redeeming it at its leisure. No man in 
 our denomination in Maine has shown himself more 
 true and loyal, and willing to do for the interests of 
 our church, than he. For all this, and especially for 
 the fact that he was ever willing and even anxious to 
 be known as a Universal ist, we honor him with all our 
 heart. With Paul he could say, in all truthfulness and 
 honesty, " I am not ashamed of the Gospel of Christ, 
 for it is the power of God unto salvation imto all who 
 believe, to the Jew first and also to the Gentile." In 
 all the acts of our denomination, as in our schools, col- 
 leges and churches, he felt a deep interest and an 
 honest pride, and was never so haj^py as when he real- 
 ized that our brethren were takins hitrh and honorable 
 
ins DEATH. 79 
 
 2)ositions in their management. He was a leading and 
 efficient member of the Board of Trustees of Westljrook 
 Seminary, and Pi-esident of the officers of the Tncoriio- 
 ration of Tufts Ciilk-ge. in wliich p(.isitions he ever 
 acted witli great 2Jromptitude and energy, and for what 
 he honestly regarded as the highest interest of these 
 institutions. He was President of the Board of Trus- 
 tees of Tufts College at the time of his death. I'erhaps 
 no man in our church in Maine has done more for our 
 cause than he. There arc none more highly respected. 
 Indeed, there are none who are more highly deserving 
 respect, for none have been more generous and faithful, 
 or more devoted to the interests of our religion. 
 
 What a loss to our church is his death! How will 
 his absence l)e regrettecl 1 With what sorrow do wc 
 contemplate the event I But in the midst of our 
 sorrow, let us remember the church does n(_>t die in the 
 death of its members. The truth of the Gospel still 
 lives, and even the lives of the good and faithful are 
 not lost in their death, ])ut are still with us, as l}right 
 and lilessed examples of duty and faithfulness, loyalty 
 and love. How can the life of our lu'other become 
 extinct in his family '.' How can it die out of our 
 church '.' Oh. let us be true and loyal and f.iithful as 
 he Avas, and the blessing of God shall rest down upon 
 us, both as individuals and as a church. 
 
ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR., LLD. 
 
 
 From the Christian Leader, Boston, Mass., May 17, 1883. 
 Rev. George H. Emerson, D. D., Editor. 
 
 It will not be deemed unduly invidious if we say 
 that in his decease the Universalist Church of America 
 loses its most conspicuous and influential layman. His 
 national reputation, his state pre.stige, his eminent 
 abilities, his rare literary accomplishments, his enthusi- 
 astic public spirit, his Ijorn leadership, his deep and 
 efficient interest in every genuine reform, his faultless 
 deportment, his earnest Christian faith, his devout 
 spirit, his love for. and participation in, the ordinances 
 of the Christian Church, — in every one of these regards, 
 Mr. Washl)urn was conspicuous and influential. 
 
 The secular press will pay — has already paid — high 
 tribute to his career as a statesman. As a legislator 
 in Congress and as Chief Magistrate of his native 
 state, — and this in the crucial period of the rel)ellion, 
 — he made a record which will prove a large constit- 
 uent in the history of our common country. It will 
 
AS A UNIVERSALIST. 81 
 
 he remeral)ered that in every contlict IxHween lilierty 
 and slavery, between temperance and the ])aneful traiKc, 
 between humane and l)arljarous legislation, he was 
 always, and earnestly, and notaljly in the right — a 
 leader of leaders. 
 
 It falls to us to make special and proud mention of 
 his service to our Church, and this in all the phases of 
 its organization. Mr. Washbiu'u was first a Christian 
 — a firm Iieliever in Divine Revelation, in the authority 
 of Christianity, in the Lordship of Jesus Christ, and in 
 the Church as the Ijody whereof He was and is the Head. 
 In all of thesf^ regards he was, in interpretation, faith, 
 zeal and toil, a consecrated Universalist. He was 
 this as an individual. He was a Universalist in the 
 palish, in the Church urganizatiKU, in the Conventi(jn, 
 in the Educaticjiial movement of our denomination fr(_im 
 its very inception. He was present and an active 
 participant in the first meeting that was called to take 
 the initiative in the starting of Tufts College. He 
 was a large factor iu all that has given utility to West- 
 brook Seminary. His reputation as a parishioner is 
 ideal. At Orono and in Portland, he was inspiration 
 and leadersliip. and the trophies of his enterprise are 
 pronounced and luauy. 
 
 Mr. Washljurn was a man of letters. He was a l»orn 
 writer. He had a genius for literary expression. His 
 
eli TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 manner was matter. He knew the secret of the Saxon 
 vocabuhiry. His articles published in our church papers 
 and in the UiiiccrsaJisf Qtiartcrh/, not less than his state 
 papers, have a permanent merit in form, and may be 
 read long after the subject-matter shall have lost its 
 value. Had he lived in their day he would have been 
 of the guild which included Swift, Steele and Addison. 
 And what he could do, that he appreciated in others. 
 His love of the literary masters — particularly of Laml) 
 and Landor — was a passion. 
 
 Mr. Washljurn was an orator. He had not a little 
 of the grace of expression. But what is greater, he 
 had force, emotion, the utterance that electrifies. 
 When he spoke people forgot all else save what was 
 jiertinent to the hdur and the occasion. 
 
 We must not fail to note that no prestige of social 
 position marred his simplicity. He had no touch of 
 the pride that harbors contempt. He was friendly, 
 sympathetic, communicative with all — with the humble 
 not less than with the great. Of his many great 
 qualities, the greatest was manhood. 
 
 We cannot pass by without mentioning the simple 
 royalty of his friendship. His friends were grappled to 
 his heart with hooks of steel. For thirty-three years 
 we had the honor of intimacy with him. Wc were 
 proud to know him — proud to be known by him. We 
 
AS A ITXIVEUSALIST. So 
 
 liave ever ami euutinuoii.sly felt lain a.s strength and 
 encouragonient. We cannot forget tliat in losing him 
 from our earthly midst, we are l)ereft of a valu<'d friend, 
 a counselor and adviser. 
 
 We mingle our lesser sorr(.)W with that which nuist 
 I)e first and deepest — that of the surviving memhers of 
 the lionsehold. We have ever recognized his great, 
 worth: that worth never seemed so great as at this 
 hour, when we reflect that here upon the eartli we 
 shall never again hear his voice or grasp his hand. 
 
Memorial Service at Congress Square 
 Church. 
 
 From the Portland Daily Tress, May 21, 1883. 
 
 The services at Congress Square Church yesterday 
 morning, ^Nla}- 20, 1S83, were coiniueniorative of the 
 life and character of the Late Ex-Gov. Washburn. An 
 elegant floral pillow, on a table beside the pulpit, was 
 the onh- decoration in the church. A large audience 
 attended the services, and listened with deep attention 
 and interest to the words of the pastor, Rev. Henry 
 Blanchard, who, after the conclusion of the opening 
 exercises, spoke in substance as follo^vs : — My text, 
 found in II Timotliy, fourth chapter and seventh verse, 
 reads, " I have fought a good fight, I have finished my 
 course, I have kept the faith." 
 
 We ha-se intended this as a service in honor of Israel 
 Washlnirn. a leader and hel2)er in our denomination. 
 The words of the text well describe our brother, for it 
 was his splendid faith which enabled him to measuraljh- 
 complete his course. His religion was a belief in one 
 
MEMOniAL SEKVICE. 85 
 
 God, wliose natiuv is love, in Jesus Clirist, the Saviour 
 of men, and in one spirit of love. I>y wliieli men will lie 
 tinally exalted. First of all he was a Christian. l)Ut 
 we woidd not do worth}' triliute to the dead did Ave 
 not mention the ^reat lielief so often emi)hasized hy 
 him. that all men are the ehildren of (iod. and that 
 they are punished for repr(_)of so that the hnal result 
 must he happiness. The thorough analysis of the 
 (piestion led him. as it leads us. to the result that " God 
 is the intinite love." 
 
 This faith made him feel the presence of God in 
 nature and among men, while it lirought to him courage 
 and cli(,'er. He saw God in the river, in the lofty 
 momitains of our loved state, in the beautiful lakes 
 that lie within its borders, in the wondrous sea as it 
 lashes our rocky coast. He called no man common or 
 unclean ; in ever\' man he recognized a child tjf God 
 and heir of immortality ; tlius came his res})ect for 
 human nature, a respect which in de])th and tenderness 
 could only lie found in such a man. With such a faith 
 he had no doulit or dismay; he saAV that in the end 
 liberty nnist triumjih over .slavery, good over evil. 
 More in detail, we will speak first of his politics. 
 
 His religion made him the noble politician that he 
 
 was. and made him think that in America God meant 
 
 to carry out a large jtart of his providential drama. 
 11 
 
8G TKIliUTE TO IS1;AEL WASHBl'liN, .Ml. 
 
 while it gave liiiii powei- in work. One of lii.s friends 
 has said, •' he was the only man he knew who made 
 his religion superior to his jiolitics." " Honest politics 
 are a part of religion ," Gov. Washburn often said. 
 Let us imitate his belief in this regard, and learn that 
 polities are part of the providence of God, an institu- 
 tion of Divine ordinance, that men wlio enter them 
 enter them as children of God to advance His govern- 
 ment l)}" their votes and deeds. So Israel Wasldiurn 
 speaks to all men of this city and state and country. 
 
 After coming out of the othce of Governor he en- 
 tered into business life, and again we see the religious 
 man. He may then stand as an example in Ijusiness 
 life. He rejt)iced to make Imsiness for the prosperity 
 of his fellows, for the good of citizens eveiywhei'e. No 
 man has a right to live for himself alone, to keep apart 
 from the interests of the connnimity where he lives ; 
 all have some part in Gods work, whether he be high 
 or low, whether he be great or small. Our friend re- 
 garded the interests of others ; he had plans for the 
 poor, the ignorant, the sinful ; his religion gave him 
 power to work for the good of his fellow-citizens. 
 
 And when in later years he withdrew from business, 
 he busied himself in study. He desired to study so 
 long as he lived, to slowly add to his knowledge, to 
 learn more and more of theology, science, art, political 
 
1MEJ[()I!IAL SKRVKE. <S / 
 
 ceonoiii}'. Many tliiiik, ami jH-rliaps with justice, tliat 
 they have not tinn' fur study ; may Gdd spL'i'd tlic day 
 Avlieii all shall have aii o^jportunity to wander in the 
 splendid fields of knowledge ! Jlis faith made him a 
 heljier in the eliureh and a co-worker in the denomina- 
 tion ; for his work we give him hearty thaids.s. He 
 stood l;)_v this church from the heginning, ever ready t(_) 
 do his nianl}' part, to aid hy word and deed, and gener- 
 ous gift. In denominational woi'k. at conventions and 
 meetings, understanding the needs of the churches and 
 schools, he was ever ready to advance any interest with 
 word, pen and means. 
 
 His was no narrow sjiirit. he did not tliink that the 
 liody of which he was a memher had all the trutli. hut 
 he }»ossessed a hroad. catholic si)irit, ahle and willing 
 to rejoice in the honor and jirosperity of all. 
 
 Of such a soul we cannot think that it is dead. 
 (Jnce. when standing in Westminister Aljhcy hefore the 
 Inist of Charles Dickens and Ix'tween tliose of Addison 
 and Campljell, our friend said the words of Canipljell's 
 poem on '" The Last ]\Ian " came into his mind, and as 
 he then uttered them hefore the image of the wonder- 
 ful novelist, so we may say of him now_. 
 
 " Tliy spirit has returned to Him 
 Wlio gave its heavenly- spark ; 
 Yet think not, Sun, it shall be dim 
 When thou thyself art dark ! " 
 
S8 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, .IR. 
 
 FarewL'll, statesman, patriot, Christian, believer in 
 God and loyal disciple of Jesus Christ, lover of the 
 church and i o-worker in the denomination 1 We 1)6- 
 lieve that we shall meet with thee again, and greet 
 thee among heavenly scenes, where larger discourse 
 and ampler love sliall fill the endless years. 
 
MEMORIAL 
 PROCEEDINGS AND RESOLUTIONS. 
 
Proceedino's of the Portland Board of Trade. 
 
 - »^-ViB^* 
 
 At a nnH'ting of the Pxjavd of Trade lield .May lotli. 
 President Wescott in the cliair. the Pivsident stated 
 that the meeting liad l)een called to take action on the 
 death of Hon. Israel Wash])nrn. Jr., Vice-President of 
 the ]>oard of Ti'ade. 
 
 The Secretary. Mr. ilich. rcail the followin.u' letters: 
 
 I'oiiTi.AXn, Miiy 14, 18.S:J. 
 'SI. X. llicii, Es(j., Seci-ctari/ of Board of Trade. 
 
 Dkar Sui ; — I am obliged to leave town to-day, coiiseiiucntly 
 i-ainiot l>e pre.seat at the meeting called to-morrow to express 
 the deep sorrow wliicli pervades all liearts. Tliis great and 
 sad affliction, " althougli not vuie.\;peeted," has come upon ns 
 snddeuly, and we are called ui)on to mourn the sudden de- 
 j)arture of one of our most honoriMl and highly esteemed 
 members. 
 
 In the decease of Hon. Israel Washburn, .Jr., the whole, 
 ciimmunity is e.alled upon to mourn the loss of an njiright and 
 honorable citizen; a faithful pulilic servant and a man uf 
 great aliility, who is a Liss nut only to <<\w own immediate 
 vicinity and our .State, but tn the nation. 
 
 I would also ott'jr my sympathy with oth .'rs to the liereaved 
 
92 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL AVASIIBURX. JR. 
 
 family avIio were bouiul to him by other ties than friendship 
 
 weaves. 
 
 Yours truly, Ch.\rles McLaughlin. 
 
 Portland, May 15, 1883. 
 Til the Secrctari/ of the Board of Trade. 
 
 Dear Sir : — I very much regret that a previous Inisiness 
 engagement, calling me away from the city by early train, will 
 prevent me from being present at the meeting of the Board to- 
 day, to personally express the profound regrets that I, in 
 common with every other member, feel in the loss of our 
 associate in office, the Hon. Israel Washburn, Jr., whose wise 
 counsel, sagacious foresight and broad public enterprise will 
 make his loss so keenly felt in the community where he has 
 so long resided. I condole with you all and share most 
 sincerely with the people of our city and state in the general 
 sorrow at the loss of so good and distinguished a fellow citizen. 
 Sincerely yours, William G. Davis. 
 
 Charles S. Fobes, Esq., spoke of his relations with 
 the deceased. He said that Mr. Washburn's death was 
 sudden, Ijut that he liked the way of his taking off. 
 A few hours previous to his death he had dictated a 
 business letter, and another one but an hour before he 
 died, showing that he was not anticipating dissolution 
 so soon. ]\Ir. Fobes said that it was better than being 
 sick for a long time ; than l)eing missed from his cus- 
 tomary places, and when death finally came not to l)e 
 missed at all. Mr. Fobes closed by offering the follow- 
 iiio' resolutions : 
 
PORTLAND r.OAR!) OF TRADE. Ho 
 
 By the death of Hon. Israel ■VVashlnirn, Jr., the Portland 
 Board of Trade lose.s one of its most efficient members, and 
 one of its most respected officers. His cdnueetinn witli the 
 Board has always been an active one, liaving served as one of 
 its Directors for more than sixteen years, during the greater 
 part of which time he has been one of the Vice Presidents, 
 declining to accept its presidency. 
 
 In tlie discussion of the many matters presented for the 
 consideration of the Board, Mr. Washburn was always found 
 ready to advocate, witli that earnestness of conviction, wliich 
 characterized his efibrts, any and every enterprisi3 tending to 
 foster the gi-owth and prosperity of our city. 
 
 From his long experience in public affairs his counsel was 
 listened to in all questions pertaining to our national and 
 state laws. Thoroughly ahve to the importance of sustaining 
 all the industries of our state, he was specially jealous of any 
 action wlii(;li seemed hostile to our shipbuilding interests. 
 Upright in purpose, lionest and positive in opinion, broad in 
 his views, by his death Portland loses one of lier most valued 
 and public spirited citizens : therefore, 
 
 Hcsolval, That in tlie death of Mr. Washburn tlie Board 
 laments the departure of one who was ever helpful in its 
 labors, ready at all times to aid by his wise counsel and advice, 
 and whose interest in its aims and objects was ever directed 
 by an enlightened regard for the good of the community. 
 
 Resolved, That this Board desires to express its high sense 
 of file sterling integrity and rare fidelity with wliich Mr. 
 Washburn discharged the duties of pidilic office, and deplores 
 the I0.SS wliich his death has inflictixl upon the city of his 
 adoption. 
 
 Besolvcd, Tliat as citizens of ]\Iaine, we desire to honcir the 
 memory of one who, by his enthusiasm, courage, ability and 
 energy, did honor to his native state m the councils of the 
 12 
 
04 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 nation, and in troublous times directed its energies to the per- 
 formance of every duty of the hour. 
 
 Resolved, That in the death of Mr. Washburn the state has 
 lost one of its most distinguished sons, who as citizen, states- 
 man, and public officer, discharged every duty with energy, 
 fidelity and high ability. 
 
 Resolved, That these resolutions be entered upon the records 
 of the Board, and that a copy of them be forwarded to the 
 family of the deceased. 
 
 Hon. T. (J. Horsey said that he regarded the death 
 of Mr. Washljurn as a serious loss to the city, the state 
 and tlic nation. He was a man thoroughly honest 
 and conscientious. He was a politician — but a poli- 
 tician of the highest type, tolerating n(j trickery, no 
 rings. He did that he believed to be right: he was 
 always faithful to duty. During his administration as 
 Collector of the Port, lie conducted the Custom House 
 in a higli and honorable way, — in a, manner to be 
 appi'oved by the city and natiou. In the death of 
 Mr. Wa.shburn I feel a personal loss and a personal 
 grief. 
 
 Hon. W. W. Th(.)uias spoke of his knowledge of Mr. 
 Washburn's life. He had known him when he was a 
 member of the Penobscot Bar and a citizen of Orono. 
 The eitv and state in his death have sustained a loss. 
 He Avas a man of ability, integrity, culture and large 
 acquirements. I feel that we, the members of the 
 Board of Trade, have met with a loss. The Maine 
 
I'OHTI.AXI) HOARD OF TliADK. 95 
 
 General Hcjspital, of which he was a Director, has sus- 
 tamed a loss. The Portland Fi-aternity. of whicli he 
 was the first President, has sustained a loss. The l»oys 
 and gu'ls, more than a Iiundred of them, have listened 
 to his words of eneoiu-a^^-enient frequently, and a last- 
 ing impression has been left on their minds. The 
 citizens of Portland liave sustained a loss. The man- 
 ner of his social intercourse was liki' a sunheam. I 
 mourn and feel his deatli a i)ersonal loss. My ac- 
 quaintance with Mr. Washljurn was exceedingly pleas- 
 ant, and I would that he had continued to live. 
 
 Hon. G. "\T. "Woodman spoke of his early acquaintance 
 with Mr. Washbin'u's family. He had followed him 
 through Congress and through his administration as 
 war governor of Maine. He was worth}- to l)e the co- 
 worker with Governor Andrew, the war governor of 
 Massachusetts. I was liis neighljor and his friend. In 
 my last interview with him, I could not think that he 
 was to go so soon. I go heartily with y(.)U in these 
 resolutions. All Mr. Washburn's steps were onward, 
 never backward. He was of a family made for the 
 people of Maine and the nation. 
 
 Hon. Sidney Perham said that he had been associated 
 with Mr. Washburn in vari(jus ways and he felt a per- 
 sonal loss in his death. Mr. Washl)urn was a remark- 
 able man of a remarkable famih'. In some respects. 
 
96 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURX, JR. 
 
 if not all, he was the ablest of his family. He achieved 
 a proud reputation hi Congress. He was Governor of 
 the State in the most trying time ; all remember the 
 wonderful energy and fidelity with which he discharged 
 all the duties of this office. While he was Collector 
 of the Port, he was regarded at Washington as one of 
 the ablest and best Collectors in the country. I know 
 of no man who better discharged his duty as a citizen 
 than Gov. Washburn. 
 
 Charles E. Jose, Esq., said that Gov. Washburn was 
 a man whom it was good to know. The Governor 
 favored me with his personal friendship since I first 
 knew him. All my associations with him were so 
 much of a social and personal character that his sudden 
 departure unfits me to speak of him in any adecpiate 
 manner. It is a great loss to the world when one 
 whom we call a good man dies. Certain men have a 
 certain fitness for the times in which they live, and 
 Mr. Wasli))urn was. pre-eminently, one of these. He 
 liad one of the most active and aggressive minds among 
 us. Other men have compared well with him in this 
 respect, luit there have been few instances where a man 
 of his ability lias l)een so uniformly on the right side 
 of every question. His great success redounds to his 
 honor and credit, and to that of the community at 
 large. 
 
PORTLAXD BOARD OF TRACK. 97 
 
 Edward li. Ehvoll. Esq.. said that he knew Mr. Wash- 
 )iurn only as a man among men. In that relation ho 
 had few e(]na.ls and no snjieriors. As a lawyer, he was 
 siiccessfnl ; as a representative of the people he dis- 
 played capacity, energy and courage ; as Governor of 
 the state, he performed all duties in a maimer to liring 
 forth the utmost good ; in a g(jvernment office, he was 
 true to his own upright character; as a man. he was a 
 Ijeneiit to humanity. To his other endowments he 
 added rare literary aljility and a taste for poetry and 
 history. I cannot fietter close than l)y repeating a 
 quotation from the Scotch })oet whom he loved so well : 
 
 " He's dead and gone, tliis I'riiice o' Fife, 
 Mute i-s lii.s Imrly laiigliter; 
 But, ah, tlie music o' lii.s life, 
 That bides wi' us hing after. 
 
 '• Ilis memory lives; the man may die. 
 That lingers hright and louin', 
 Just as a star lost frae the sky 
 Whose ray survives his ruin." 
 
 The resolutions were then adopted hy a rising vote. 
 
 The Board voted to attend Mr. Washljurn's fimeral. 
 and to close the Merchant's Exchange during the after- 
 iioon. 
 
Portland Institute and Public Library. 
 
 A special meeting of the Directors of the Portland 
 Public Library, was held at 3 r. jr. Saturday, May 20, 
 1883, at the library roonis. President W. L. Putnam 
 in the chair. 
 
 Mr. Philip Henry Brown offered the following trib- 
 ute to the memory of the late Gov. Washliurn. which 
 was accepted and ordered placed on the records : 
 
 When a man of mark is suddenly taken awa}', the 
 sense of loss which his associates and the community 
 of which he has been a }irominent member so deepl}' 
 feel, can hardly l)e expressed in language. In the 
 presence of a great calamity words seem feeble and 
 unmeaning. Yet, although the memory of such a man 
 is sure to outlast the regrets which his death provokes, 
 and so outlive tlie associates and friends wIkj lament 
 his loss, there is still a melancholy pleasure in laying 
 upon his new made grave a tribute of sympathy, of 
 appreciation and of sorrow, however short it may come 
 
rolITLAXl) INSTITUTE AND PUBLIC LIBRARY. 9U 
 
 of what i.s really due and litting. The Directors of the 
 Public Library of Portland therefore order upon their 
 records their pr(jfound regrets at the untimely death 
 (if the late Governor AVashlnirn, their associate and 
 friend. Others have recorded Mr. Washl^urn as a far- 
 seeing, puldic-spirited and energetic citizen, as a care- 
 ful historical student and accomplished man of letters ; 
 as an iniluential legislator, patriotic administrator and 
 wise statesman. It is for the Directors of this library 
 to perpetuate upon their records their grief at his loss 
 and their recognition of his long, faithful and wise 
 service to them and to theii' charge. 
 
 Mr. Washl;)urn wa-s one of the foiuiders of the library, 
 and always and constantly gave it the advantage of 
 his excellent judgment, sound literary taste and saga- 
 cious ac(piaintance with affairs. lie did what he could, 
 and more than most, to make tlu' institution really 
 worthy of the name, and to his persistent and tireless 
 exertions in its liehalf, are no doubt largely due what- 
 ever prominenee and success the lilirary has achie\'ed. 
 
 The world, and most of all institutions like this, 
 struggling against infinite difficulties, for the benefit of 
 a somewhat unappreciative community, can ill afford 
 to lose a man like Gov. Waslil)uru, who stea-dily, con- 
 scientiously and unselfishly devoted a large part of his 
 time to the "-ood of others. But the grief which Mr. 
 
100 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 Washburn's friends and associates now feel so pain- 
 fully is tempered by the satisfaction of knowing that 
 his career was well rounded, complete and successful, 
 and that the memor}- which he has left liehind him is 
 unclouded and enduring. 
 
 The Secretary is directed to engross this minute 
 upon the records of the library, and to send a copy of 
 it to Mr. Washburn's family. 
 
 Attest : M. B. Coolidge, Eecordbuj Sccrctarj/. 
 
Resolutions of the Portland Fraternity Club. 
 
 Deeply sensilile of the loss we have sustained by tlie 
 death of the late Vice President of the Fraternity Club 
 — Hon. Israel Washburn, Jr., — we desire to place on 
 our records an expression of the high esteem in which 
 we held our late associate, and the sincere affection we 
 cherished for him. We heartily respond to the public 
 tributes which have already been j^aid to his memory, 
 and recognize in Gov. Waslil)urn a citizen who deserved 
 well of the connnnnity in which he lived, and a states- 
 man who rendered invaluable service to his own state 
 and to the nation, Ijoth in peace and war. 
 
 In this connection, however, it seems more fitting to 
 recognize his relations to the Fraternity Club, of which 
 he was so distinguished an ornament. One of the first 
 to encourge the movement which led to the formation 
 of the Portland Fraternity — he assisted in the organi- 
 zation of that society, and subsequently, when the clul) 
 was organized, he was equalh' i-eady to co-operate with 
 the gentlemen with whom it originated. 
 
102 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASnBURN, JR. 
 
 From its inception, then, Gov. Washburn was an 
 active member and efficient officer of the clnb. While 
 liis health permitted, he was generally j'^^^^nt at its 
 weekly meetings and contrilnited his full share to their 
 success. 
 
 His papers were always timely, usually elaborate 
 and invariably well received by the club. 
 
 His wide reading, varied acquisitions, retentive mem- 
 ory and ready wit, enabled him to participate in our 
 weekly discussions with a versatility which enhanced 
 his own reputation, and added much to the stores of 
 our knowledge. 
 
 His cheerful temper and hopeful views entitled him 
 to the appellation of our chief Optimist, for he never 
 failed to luok on the l)right side of every question, and 
 to find a silver lining to every cloud. The cordiality 
 of his manners, the heartiness of his hand-grasp, and 
 cheeriness of his voice, endeared him to all our hearts. 
 
 Gov. Washburn delighted to receive the club at his 
 own house, and always made its meetings there an 
 occasion of special interest to his friends. 
 
 Take him all in all, as a member of the club, we 
 shall not soon find his peer or look upon his like again. 
 
 As a citizen, neighbor and friend, he was worthy of 
 the offices of honor and of trust which were conferred 
 on him by the suffrages of his fellows. In the course 
 
I'OUTLANl) F15ATERN1TY CLUB. lOo 
 
 of his life he enjoyed rare opportunities, and he im- 
 proved tliem to the utmost. 
 
 Gov. Wasliburn was not a man to let the grass grow- 
 under his fet't. Alive and alert in every direction, his 
 busy brain was ever active in devising something new 
 in the spheres of his personal activity and for the gen- 
 eral welfare. 
 
 We, of the Fraternity Club, will not fail to cherisli 
 his memory or revere his virtues, and we desire to 
 offer our sincere sympathy to the widow and the 
 orphans who mourn the loss of a most honored, faith- 
 ful and aii'ectionate husl)and and fatlier. 
 
 A. Dalton. I 
 
 C. W. GoDDARi). , Cuvviiuttec. 
 
 W. W. Thomas. Ji;.. 
 
New England Historic, Genealogical Society. 
 
 The first meeting after the summer recess was held 
 September 5, 1883, at tlie Society's house, 18 Somerset 
 street, Boston, the President, Marshall P. Wilder, 
 Ph.D., in the chair. 
 
 Cyrus Woodman, Chairman of the Committee ap- 
 pointed at the last meeting, reported the following 
 resolutions : 
 
 Resolved, That in the death of the Hou. Israel Washburn, 
 Jr., we mourn the departure of an honored member and an 
 early and constant friend of this society ; 
 
 Of one who, in the councils of the nation and as Ctovernor 
 of his native state, gained the distinction due to uncommon 
 ability, patriotic fervor and unquestioned integrity ; 
 
 Of one whose high ambition, generous impulses and fearless 
 yet affectionate nature were so tempered, restrained and 
 guided in their untiring action by a constant sense of the 
 duty which he owed to himself, his friends, his family, his 
 country and his God, that he passed through all the various 
 scenes and duties of an active and conspicuous life, uncon- 
 taminated, without reproach, honored, respected and beloved. 
 
 Eesolved, That, while we mourn his death, we rejoice to find 
 in his life an encouragement for our own devotion to duty, 
 
iSr. E. niSTOEic, genealogical sogiett. 105 
 
 and an example for those ingenuous youth who seek the dis- 
 tmction of honorable .station, and the crownmg glory of well- 
 spent lives. 
 
 Resolved, That a eopy of these resolutions be forwarded to 
 the family of our late associate, and be entered on the records 
 of the society. 
 
 After remarks l)y the President on the loss stistaiiied 
 l;)y this Society and the people at large in the death of 
 Ex-Governor Washlnirn. the resolutions were unani- 
 niunsly adopted. 
 
 Attest: David G. Haskixs, Ji;., 
 
 RecorduKj Sccrctarii. 
 
Tufts Colleg^e Memorial. 
 
 The Trustees of Tufts College held a regular meet- 
 mg, Friday, June 15th, Hon. Charles Robmson, Vice 
 President, in the chair. Rev. E. C. Bolles, D. D., for a 
 committee named at the last meeting, presented the 
 following memorial, which was ordered to be recorded : 
 
 The Trustees of Tufts College, having been made 
 acquainted with the recent death of Hon. Israel Wash- 
 burn, Jr., LL.D., President of their Board, and since 
 its foundation an esteemed and efficient friend of the 
 college, hereljy instruct their Secretary to enter the 
 following minute, in honor and memory of their asso- 
 ciate, upon the records of the Board : 
 
 We gratefully remember and acknowledge the many 
 eminent qualities which gave to Governor Washburn a 
 just pre-eminence in our councils — his ardent enthu- 
 siasm for the higher learning, his admirable intellectual 
 training and eloquence — and deeply regret that he has 
 not been permitted longer to assist and enjoy with us 
 
TUFTS COLLEGE. 1()7 
 
 the prosperity of an institution to which so much of 
 his heart lias been given. 
 
 We rejoice tliat to our honored President, in a long 
 and active public life, have been committed so many 
 and exalted trusts from his native state and the general 
 government of our country ; but we take especial pride 
 in remembering that all thes(> obligations were assumed 
 in the spirit of patriotism and discharged with integ- 
 rity ; thai he stood in troulded times as an example of 
 wise and lofty statesmanship, true to the noblest ideals 
 of liberty and loyalty ; and that his death is the Ijc- 
 I'eavemcnt of his country no less than of the family 
 which mourns him, or the institutions of learning 
 which will miss his guiding hand. 
 
 Nor can we omit the mention of his simjjle and 
 earnest Christian life, graced with those virtues out of 
 which his puldic merits sprung. His miselfish and un- 
 wavering devotion to that Church which has founded 
 and endowed Tufts College, and to which he always 
 looked as the guide of his pure and cheerful life, will 
 long serve as the inspiration and lielp of those wIkj 
 remain to succeed him in its service. 
 
 Attest : 
 
 T. H. Armstrong, Sccrctart/. 
 
108 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 President Capen, in his annual report for 1883 of 
 Tufts College, speaks of the late Israel Washburn, Jr., 
 as follows : 
 
 The corporation has also been called to mourn the 
 loss of Israel Washburn, Jr., LL.D., whose death 
 occurred very unexpectedly in May last. Mr. Wash- 
 burn was the last surviving person whose nieml^ership 
 of the corporation was continuous from its first organi- 
 zation. Since the death of Oliver Dean, M. D., in 
 1872, he has held the office of President of the Trustees, 
 and on the resignation of the Rev. A. A. Miner, D. D., 
 as President of the College, he was elected as his 
 successor, but declined to serve. Mr. Washburn was 
 one of the few strongly marked characters of his time. 
 A statesman, a social reformer, a philanthropist and a 
 Christian, earnest, positive, uncompromising, diligent 
 and faithful in promulgating his opinions and discharg- 
 ing his trusts, he puts the impress of his personality 
 upon the most important movements of the age in 
 which he lived. It would be impossible to write the 
 history, either of his native state or the nation, during 
 the last fifty years, without a recognition of his ideas 
 and services. It is pleasant to rememljer that, among 
 the many objects which claimed his attention and 
 aroused his sym^jathies, this College held no second 
 place in his affections. He watched its organization 
 
TUFTS (■()LLE(iK. 
 
 10'.) 
 
 and dt'velopment witli an nntlagging interest, ami 
 was never weary of any effort that might promote its 
 progre.ss. He also sought the development, liy wise 
 counsels and sulistantial aid. of those snl)ordinatc 
 schools which are directly tributary to the life of the 
 Colleo-e. 
 
Resolutions of Trustees of Westbrook 
 Seminary. 
 
 At the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees of 
 Westln'ook Seminary, held June 28, 1883, the follow- 
 ing resolutions were passed on the death of Governor 
 
 Washljurn : 
 
 WJiereas, It has pleased the Allwise Disposer of events to 
 remove from us our former associate, Hon. Israel Washburn, 
 Jr., therefore — 
 
 Resolved, That in the death of ]Mr. Washhuru the Board of 
 Trustees of Westbrook Seminary and Female College loses an 
 honored and efficient member, and the Institution one of its 
 best and most devoted friends. 
 
 Resolved, That we tender to the bereaved family our con- 
 dolence and heartfelt sympathy. 
 
 Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the records 
 of this Board and a copy be sent to the family of the deceased. 
 
 A true copy : 
 
 Grenville M. Stevens, Secretari/. 
 
Resolutions of the Cumberland Bar 
 Association, 
 
 PoRTLAXi), May 14. 1883. 
 
 A special meeting was held in the rooms of the 
 Association at 4 r. m.. at which President Strout an- 
 nounced the death of Hon. Israel Washburn, Jr.. where- 
 upon the following resolutions were adopted : 
 
 llliercas. The attention of this Association is called to the 
 death of Hon. Israel Washburn, Jr., a member of the Bar of 
 this state ; although he never practiced at the Bar in this 
 county, yet his long and valuable public services, his varied 
 and extensive learning, hi.s interest in all pubKc enterprises 
 designed to benefit his native state, his unimpeachable integ- 
 rity and constant urbanity in his intercourse with his felk^w 
 men demand of us an expression of our respect, therefore as a 
 mark of esteem it is by us 
 
 Hesolved, That a committee of the Bar be appointed by the 
 President to represent the Cumberland Bar at the funeral of 
 the late Hon. Israel Washtium, Jr. 
 
 Ilcsolved, That these resolutions lie spread upon our records, 
 and that a copy of tlie same be sent to tlie family of tlie de- 
 ceased. 
 
112 CUM15ERLAXD DAR ASSOCIATION. 
 
 The President appointed as said committee, Messrs. 
 Bion Bradbury, Jolni Rand, George F. Talbot, George 
 F. Emery, S. C. Strout, J. H. Drummond, A. A. Strout, 
 H. B. Cleaves, Charles F. Lil)i)y, W. W. Thomas, Jr.. 
 and Francis Fessenden. 
 
 Voted to adjonrn. 
 
 (Signed), F. S. Wateriiouse, 
 
 Secrvidi'ii. 
 
 A true copy from the records. 
 
 Attest : Fraxklix C. Payson, 
 
 Sccrcfarii. 
 
TRIBUTE OF THH 
 MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 
 
Tribute of the Maine Historical Society. 
 
 May 25, 1883. 
 Evening Session. 
 
 On taking the chair, at the meeting of the Maine 
 Historical Society, the President, Hon. James W. 
 Bradbur}', of Angusta., said : 
 
 We sadly miss this evening the presence of one 
 whom we have long l)een accustomed to meet on occa- 
 sions like the present. We miss the cheering words, 
 the animated voice and wise counsel of him who was 
 always ready to aid in our delil.terations, and to add 
 interest to onv proceedings. By the death of Governor 
 Washburn, our society has suffered a great and an 
 almost irreparable loss. 
 
 I saw him shortly before my departure for the South. 
 and although his health had become impaired, he man- 
 ifested his usual animation and interest in the events 
 of the day, and in the affairs (jf tmv society, and 1 
 hoped for his restoration to health at no distant period. 
 On my way towards the North, I was shocked to learn 
 
116 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN,. JR. 
 
 of his lamented death. I did not know, liowever, of 
 the eontemphxted action of our society in respect to his 
 memory until I reached tliis city Last evening. 
 
 To do justice to the memory of so excellent a man 
 as Governor Washburn, who possessed such untiring 
 perseverance in the honorable pursuits of life, such 
 aptitude for the successful performance of the duties 
 of every situation he attained, and such conscientious 
 fidelity in their discharge — whose character was so 
 marked and decided, and whose career was so varied 
 and honorable, requires more than the hurried sugges- 
 tions of the moment, and this can also be Ijetter done 
 by liis aljle and accomplished townsmen whom I see 
 present, and with whom he had long been associated 
 in friendly and intimate relations. With the brief 
 testimony that our society has lost an active and effi- 
 cient member, the community a public-spirited, benev- 
 olent citizen, the state a valued and faithful public 
 servant, and his family a kind and affectionate husband 
 and father, 1 shall call upon others to do justice to his 
 memory. 
 
 James P. Baxter, Esq., said : 
 
 Mr. President: — It is certainly Avith feelings too 
 deep to brook set phrases of rhetoric that I speak of 
 our Ijeloved associate to-nitcht. He was a man of such 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 117 
 
 admirable qualities, that he endeared himself to us all 
 in an unusual degree. We all remember him as a wise 
 counsellor, a sturdy friend and genial companion, but 
 in my view, the most remarkable trait of character 
 which he possessed, was his interest in the public weal, 
 which, quickened by an unquenchable enthusiasm, 
 never waned and never failed to enkindle in those 
 about him a kindred interest. In many men who 
 possess the public spirit, one ever detects a dissonance 
 born of selfishness ; but with our friend there was no 
 such sound ; no jar of self marred the clear ring of his 
 heart, and the recognition of this by others gave a 
 potency to his influence which no ingenuity of argu- 
 ment nor brilliancy of oratory could give. 
 
 This complete abnegation of self impressed itself 
 upon me at my last interview with him. He met me 
 in his usual breezy manner, with a hearty hand-grasp 
 and '• How goes everything ? " and, after discussing the 
 work of the Historical Society, he said, " Well, one of 
 these days we must have a house of our own," and 
 then a little more slowly, " How fine that will be for 
 us when we go down town, to have a cozy place where 
 we can meet and talk over matters ; it will be fine ; it 
 will be fine." There was a pathos in all this which 
 appealed to me forcibly. He was looking down to the 
 future and planning for others. He well knew that 
 
118 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 the consummation he wished was afar off, and that 
 he could not expect to enjoy it. By toe he meant the 
 Society — those living after him, and he enjoyed the 
 prospect as a selfish man could not enjoy. My friends, 
 I know that it has been well said that 
 
 "Praising what is lost 
 Makes the remembrance dear." 
 
 Yet I have no heart to add to the many eulogies 
 which will be cast like wreaths of fragrant flowers 
 upon the bier of our beloved associate. I will only say 
 in the words of his favorite poet : 
 
 " Know then, stranger to the fame 
 Of this much-loved, much-honored name! 
 (For none that knew him need he told) 
 A warmer heart Death ne'er made cold." 
 
 And now, Mr. President, allow me to offer the fol- 
 lowing resolutions of respect to the memory of our 
 deceased associate : 
 
 Resolved, That the Maine Historical Society, grieving at the 
 loss of its beloved associate, Israel Washburn, Jr., desires to 
 express its respect for the man who has honored it by his life 
 and labors. 
 
 Resolved, That while death has removed liim from our 
 fellowship it has not removed him from our memories, and 
 that as a society, whose office it is to cherish the memory of 
 the men of Maine who have honored the state by lives of use- 
 fulness to it, we will endeavor to perpetuate his memory. 
 
 Resolved, That the society tender, through its Secretary, to 
 
MAIN^E IIISTOIIK'AL SOCIETY. 11!) 
 
 the family of our honored brother, now deceased, a copy of 
 these resohitions, with our heartfelt sympathy for their great 
 loss. 
 
 Hon. George F. Talbot said : 
 
 I have sometimes woiiLlered if an experience of my 
 own is repeated in the thoughts of other men, when 
 for days after the final departure from earth of a 
 cherished friend all the hours seem consecrated to him, 
 as to some new saint in the worship and affection of 
 the heart. His spirit, in our sleeping and waking, 
 seems to hover around us, l^reathing last farewells and 
 invoking benedictions. Surely the consideration ought 
 to take from our apprehension some of the bitterness 
 of death, that there will be a time — perhai)s a very 
 brief time — when in the large or small circle of those 
 who have known us, all our serious faidts wdll Ijc for- 
 given, our limited gifts and virtues will Ije generously 
 exaggerated, and our poor half efforts to be or to do 
 something useful or good will be looked upon with an 
 affectionate admiration and over-kind appreciation. 
 
 Ever since the. to me, sudden demise of our late es- 
 teemed and distinguished associate. Israel Washburn, 
 Jr., I have l)een passing again through this now sadly 
 frequent experience. Among those slim hopes — sink- 
 ing under our tread — which we put together, as it 
 
120 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN. JR. 
 
 were, into a raft, bound together by our instincts and 
 our desires, and upon them try to ferry across the 
 dark, all-surrounding ocean of death to the solid con- 
 tinents of an eternal life, I know of none more valid 
 than this distinct consciousness at the same time in 
 the minds of many friends of the presence of our dead 
 friend, with whom we seem to be interchanging speech- 
 less confidences, with a frankness and affection which 
 the formalities, the levities and the jealousies of our 
 actual intercourse had made impossible. 
 
 "0 hearts that never cease to yearn ! 
 
 brimming tears that ne'er are dried ! 
 The dead, though they depart, return 
 As tliough they had not died." 
 
 In this interval, consecrated to the memory of a 
 newly emancipated soul, I have found it almost impos- 
 sible to connect him with the idea of death. Thinking 
 of this impulsive, fresh-hearted man, like John Pier- 
 pont, lifting the coffin lid to look at the fair, sunsliiny 
 head of his dead l)oy, " I cannot make him dead." He 
 took life with such a strong hand, he coerced other 
 men and the adverse circumstance with such a vigorous 
 will, that he seemed able to make his own terms with 
 fate, and bid age and death themselves succumb to his 
 strong purpose to live and labor. Nothing could over- 
 come the cheerfulness of his hope. His latest auguries 
 
MAINE HISTOniCAL SOCIETT. 121 
 
 of health uttered nothing hut confidence of recovery ; 
 and the fatal and complicated maladies to which his 
 phj'sical strength at last succumbed, never saddened 
 his spirit or damped the ardor of his courage. 
 
 Who of us who were honored by his friendship, can 
 ever forget the cordiality of his greeting, the warmth 
 of his appreciation, the uprightness and downrightness 
 of his assent and dissent, the invigoration as of sun- 
 shine and west winds which he Id'ought into every 
 enterprise, to whicli he gave his efficient support. His 
 strength of will, his persistence of purpose, his con- 
 tempt of all opposition and obstacle seemed to fit him 
 for a leader of men in those early ages when self-made 
 kings carved their fortunes with the sword, — qualities 
 superfluous in the competitions of a complicated civiliza- 
 tion, wherein so much is effected l^y intrigue, by 
 diplomacy and by shrewd waiting upon opportunities. 
 
 His active and inventive spirit will l)e long missed in 
 the maintenance and useful work of the Maine Historical 
 Society, of which he was an enthusiastic and efficient 
 member. The impulse which our late associate, John 
 Alfred Poor — a man in some respects of a kindred 
 energy of character — for several years had given this 
 society in the study and publication of the early history 
 of our state, Governor Washhuim quite kept up by the 
 
122 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 diligence of his researches, and the copiousness and 
 value of his literary contributions. 
 
 He had the will and faculty to work himself, and 
 he knew just what historical and biographical work 
 ought to be done and who inside or outside of the 
 Historical Society could best do it ; so that he not 
 only kept himself assiduously employed, but he stimu- 
 lated others to kindred labors, suggesting themes and 
 furnishing resources for investigation. Let us hope 
 that his departure from our membership will not 
 cripple the society in the prosecution of its historical 
 work, but that an ambition has been kindled in some 
 younger mind l)y his example, to prosecute his uncom- 
 pleted task. 
 
 In retiring as he did, crowned with the higliest 
 honors his state could confer, from political life, Gov- 
 ernor Washburn devoted his leisure to literary and 
 historical pursuits. His vigorous, mainly self-educated 
 mind, the large experience he had in puljlic affairs, his 
 intimate acquaintance with the leading statesmen of 
 our own land and with political and literary celebrities 
 in our own and other countries, gave him the very 
 qualifications needed for the successful writing of 
 history. He had a mind capacious of facts and details, 
 and he knew how to appraise and classify facts, and 
 what of them constitute the substance of permanent 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 123 
 
 history, and what, by far the greater vokune, are to l)e 
 thr(iwn away as rubljisli. Kindred to this art of the 
 true historian, he had an accurate discrimination and 
 coukl weigh and catalogue in thinr proper order the 
 puljlic characters wlio liad made up the pcrsomiel of 
 modern history, though perhaps his judgment was 
 sometimes affected by tlie ardor of liis sympathies or 
 the strengtli of liis convictions. 
 
 The paper in our published collection, which Governor 
 Washburn prepared, upon the Northeastern Boundary 
 question and its settlement, gathered from a careful 
 study and an intimate kn(iwledge, is a- most valuable, 
 if not a most honorable and satisfactory contril)ution 
 to the diplomatic history of our country. His liio- 
 graphical sketch of George Evans, completed after tlie 
 infirmities of illness had weakened his physical but 
 left unahated the strength of his mental powers, is a 
 just and worthy triljute to one of the great orators, 
 jurists and statesmen of our young state. Written in 
 an impressive, and at times eloquent style, its early 
 publication will Ije as line a tribute to the genius of the 
 biographer, as to the fame of the character it so grace- 
 fully portrays. It is to be regretted that the ancestral 
 longevity, from whicli we hoped a green and prolong(xl 
 old age, did not hold i:)ut to enaljle our industrious and 
 well-equipped member to develop, as he would have 
 
124 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 done, the history of the times in which he was himself 
 a conspicuous actor, and the cliai'acters of popular 
 leaders whose intimacy he had enjoyed. 
 
 I have not attempted, nor is this tlie iitting place or 
 occasion, to give any accomit of Mr. Washburn's public 
 services, or of his chai'acter as a statesman. We see 
 already, and posterity will more distinctly see, that the 
 great question of the middle of the nineteenth century 
 in America was the slavery question and its summary 
 and complete solution by the processes of a great war 
 and a great pacitication. Mr. Washburn in Congress, 
 and afterwards at the lieginning of the civil war in 
 the executive chair of this state, was in positions to do 
 much to shape and direct public opinion, and to hold 
 the people to the stern duties and terrible sacrifices 
 which the great crisis demanded. In him, above most 
 of his contemporaries and associates, the ethical and 
 religious element was the dominant influence which 
 fixed his opinions and determined his conduct. Not 
 political expediency, not what is popular, what will 
 carry tlie impending election, but what is duty, what 
 is right, what is the command of God, were the ques- 
 tions he asked himself ; and when he found an answer, 
 no sophistries, no excuses, no palliations could shake 
 his resolution or break the force of his personal convic- 
 tion. It was a time when everything depended upon 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 125 
 
 the strength of the moral principle in the hearts of the 
 people. Will they bear the expense of a prolonged 
 war ? Will thej peril their lives and sacrifice the 
 children of their pride and aft'ectioii only to do a just 
 deed, to deliver from slavery a degraded and repulsive 
 race ? Mr. Washburn, in the strength of his own re- 
 ligious faith, believed that they would, and did not a 
 little, by his fervor and steadfastness, to nerve them to 
 the sacrifice. But I cannot here enter even upon the 
 glorious and sulilime history of which every American 
 heart is proud. History, that never forgets what is 
 heroic and nol)le, will remember and perpetuate the 
 story of it, and among the brave and right-thinking- 
 men whose courage and clear moral perceptions saved 
 this great nation from an unworthy compromise with 
 a false and dangerous form of civilization, that ottered 
 us peace and union with dishonor, will remember with 
 honor and gratitude our own faithful and efficient 
 patriot and War Governor. 
 
 Hon. Sidney Perham said : 
 
 In the death of Israel Washburn, Jr., tlie Maine 
 Historical Society has suft'ered a great loss, and. as 
 individuals, we are called to mourn the absence of one 
 of our most distino-uished and useful members. It is 
 
12G TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 therefore fitting that, in this jiublic manner, we place 
 on record the tribute of our respect for his memory. 
 
 It was my good fortune to have some acquaintance 
 with tlie father and mother of Mr. Washburn. They 
 were eminently worthy to be the parents of a family 
 so distinguished as theirs has been. The father was a 
 gentleman of the old school, possessing good common 
 sense, strict integrity and an unusual fund of general 
 information. The mother represented tlie best type of 
 the New England woman. She possessed energy, 
 determination and courage that would not waver in the 
 presence of any obstacle, however formidable. These 
 qualities she transmitted to her sons ; and with the 
 practical common sense and solid merits inherited from 
 the father, we find, in part at least, the secret of their 
 remarkable success. 
 
 I recall, with pleasure, a few hours sjient with Mr. 
 and Mrs. Washl^urn at the old family mansion in 
 Livermore, when three of the sons were members of 
 Congress. In answer to my inquiry as to whether she 
 had any methods, unknown to other mothers, by which 
 she had sent her sons out into the world with the 
 possibilities of such remarkable success, Mrs. Washburn 
 indulged in some exceedingly interesting reminiscences 
 of their early struggles against what she called very 
 limited means, to feed, clothe and educate their chil- 
 
MAINE IIISTORICAT. SOCIKTV. 127 
 
 (Iren, and licr constant endeavor to impress upon their 
 minds such moral and religious principles as she deemed 
 essential to any success worth achieving. 
 
 Israel, whose life and character we commemorate 
 to-night, was the eldest of the family, and his early 
 opportunities for education were limited. But what he 
 lacked in this respect was more than made up by his 
 intense love for learning, and the enthusiasm with 
 which he improved every opportunity for mental 
 development, so tliat he Ijecame one of the best edu- 
 cated men among us, and a conspicuous example to all 
 young men who are obliged to struggle against adverse 
 circumstances. 
 
 As a lawyer, Mr. Wash1)urn took high rank ; as a 
 memljer of Congress and as Governor of the State in 
 its most trying emergency, as an officer for many years 
 in an important executive department of the national 
 government, he stood in the front rank among his 
 peers, having few, if any, superiors. 
 
 In this Society, in the management of the Maine 
 General Hospital, in the business, educational, moral 
 and religious institutions with which he was connected, 
 lie lield a position no less conspicuous. Through his 
 .speech and pen, the liberal contribution of his means 
 and his earnest devotion to these interests, he won the 
 hearts of all with whom he was associated, and his 
 
128 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 death, has left many vacancies which will be difficult 
 to fill. 
 
 He was a man of broad views. One of his eulogists 
 has truly said, " His whole nature was run in a large 
 mould." He was not content with a superficial exam- 
 ination of a subject, but explored its length and breadth 
 and depth. His convictions were deep and strong, and 
 he followed them with a faith and enthusiasm that 
 never faltered. To these qualities he added extensive 
 reading and liberal culture. He had great tact and 
 ability in marshaling facts and arguments in support 
 of his views. His public addresses were characterized 
 by intense enthusiasm and great power. He was a 
 brilliant conversationalist, and was always the life of 
 any party of friends he chanced to meet. 
 
 His faith iir God as the loving Father, solicitous for 
 the welfare of his children, and in the final triumph of 
 good over evil, always unwavering, seemed to strengthen 
 with his years ; and no one could listen to his earnest 
 words, in his public efforts or private conversation, as 
 he expressed the deep convictions of his soul on these 
 and kindred subjects, without feeling himself raised to 
 a higher plane of spiritual existence. 
 
 To enjoy the acquaintance and share the friendship 
 of such a man has been the rare privilege of many and 
 will be remembered with pleasure. 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 12'J 
 
 To him there is no death in the common acceptation 
 of that term. It is but the unfolding of a spirit, ah-eady 
 far advanced, into the more congenial activities and 
 greater glories of the higher life, while his example 
 and achievements remain as an ever-living inspiration 
 to those who are left behind. 
 
 Hon. Joseph Williamson said : 
 
 It is not my purpose, after the eloquent remarks 
 which have l»een made by my associates, to indulge in 
 an'S' eulugy upon Governor "Washburn. It is simply 
 my province to call the attention of the Society to some 
 memorials which he erected during liis useful and 
 honored life an<l with this in view. I will read to the 
 Society a list of the puljlished works of Governor 
 Washl:)urn : 
 
 1849, 
 
 Charles Lamb. Uuiversalist l^)uarterly Preview, Vol. VI, 
 p. 90, January, 1849. 
 
 Walter Savage Laiidor. Uuiversalist Quarterly Iteview. 
 Vol. VI, p. 238, July, 1849. 
 
 18.52. 
 
 Plau for Shorteuiug the Transit between New York and 
 London. Speech delivered in the House of Representatives, 
 Washington, March 10, 18-52. 
 
 Compromise as a National Party Test. A speech delivered 
 in the House of Representatives, Washington, May 24, 1852. 
 
130 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 1854. 
 
 The Sandwich Islands. A speech delivered in the House of 
 Representatives, Washiugton, January 4, 1854. 8vo. pp. 7. 
 
 Speech on the Bill to organize Territorial Governments in 
 Nebraska and Kansas. Delivered in the House of Eepresenta- 
 tives, April 7, 1854. Washington, 1854. 8vo. pp. 16. 
 
 1855. 
 Speech on the President's Message, vetoing the French 
 Spoliation Bill. Delivered in the House of Eepresentatives, 
 February 26, 1855. 8vo. jjp. 8. 
 
 1856. 
 
 Kansas Contested Election. Speech delivered in the House 
 of Representatives, Washington, March 14, 1856. 
 
 Politics of the Country. Speech delivered in the House of 
 Eepresentatives, Washington, June 21, 1856. 
 
 The Slavery Question. Speech delivered in the House of 
 Representatives, Washington, December 10, 1856. 
 
 1858. 
 
 Modern Civilization. Universalist Quarterly Review. Vol. 
 XIV, p. 5, January, 1858. 
 
 Kansas and the Lecompton Constitution. Speech delivered 
 in the House of Representatives, Washington, January 7, 1858. 
 Washington, 1858. 8vo. pp. 8. 
 
 1859. 
 The Republican Party. Speech delivered in the House of 
 Representatives, Washington, January 10, 1859. 
 
 1860. 
 The Dred Scott Decision. Speech delivered in House of 
 Representatives, Washington, May 19, 1860. 
 
 1861. 
 Address to the Legislature of the State of Maine, January 3, 
 1861. 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 131 
 
 Address to the Legislature and Executive Council of the 
 State of Maine, February 22, 1861. 
 
 Address to the Legislature of the State of Maine, April 22, 
 
 1861. 
 
 1862. 
 
 Address to the Legislature of the State of Maine, January 
 
 2, 1862. 
 
 1864 
 
 The Logic and End of the Rebellion. Universalist Quarterly 
 
 Review, Vol. XXI, (Vol. I, new series,) p. 5, January, 1864. 
 
 1868. 
 Dr. Gamaliel Bailey. Universalist Quarterly Review, Vol. 
 XXV, (Vol. V, new series,) p. 298, July, 1868. 
 
 1869. 
 
 Power and Duty of Congress in respect to Suffrage. Univer- 
 salist Quarterly Review, Vol. XXVI, (Vol. VI, new series,) 
 p. 45, January, 1869. 
 
 Publi-shed in separate form, Boston, 1869. 8vo. pp. 21. 
 
 1873. 
 From the Northwest to the Sea. Remarks before the Board 
 of Trade, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 7, 1873. 8vo. pp. 11. 
 
 1874. 
 
 Address at the Dedication of the Soldiers' Monument, at 
 Cherrylield, July 4, 1874. Portland, 1874. 8vo. pp. 43. 
 
 Notes, Historical, Descriptive and Personal, of Livermore, 
 in Androscoggin (formerly in Oxford) County, Maine. Port- 
 land, 1874. 8vo. pp. 169. 
 
 Address at the Centennial Celebration at Oldtowu, Maine, 
 1874. Portland, 1874. 8vo. pp. 168. 
 
 1876. 
 The Proprietors of the Sudbury-Canada Crant, 1741. New 
 England Historical and (genealogical Register, Vol. XXX, 
 p. 192, April, 1876. 
 
132 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 1877. 
 
 Education — Secular and Compulsory ; with .some reference 
 
 to recent English Legislation and opinion. Universalist 
 
 Quarterly Eeview, Vol. XXXIV, (Vol. XIV, new series,) p. 59, 
 
 January, 1877. 
 
 1878. 
 
 Memoir of Ether Shepley, LL. D. Eead before the Maine 
 
 Historical Society at Portland, March 14, 1878. Published in 
 
 Collections, Vol. VIII, p. 409, 1881. 
 
 1879. 
 
 The North-Eastern Boundary. Eead before the Maine His- 
 torical Society, at Portland, May 15, 1879. Published in 
 Collections, Vol. VIII, p. 1, 1881. 
 
 The Same. Eeprinted from Collections of the Maine His- 
 torical Society, Portland, 1881. 8vo. pp. 106. 
 
 UKI'UBLISIIEIl. 
 
 Address at Bangor, July 4, 1843. 
 Address at Oldtown, July 4, 1858. 
 Address at Portland, July 4, 1862. 
 Address at Portland, July 4, 1865. 
 Address on Peace, at Portland, 1874. 
 Address on Laws of Success, at Orono, 1875. 
 Addi'ess on Walter Savage Landor, 1877. 
 Address on Eobert Burns, 1877. 
 
 Rev. H. S. Burrage said: 
 
 One remark in Mr. Talbot's excellent address recalls 
 an evening which I spent with Governor Washburn 
 about a year ago. I refer to the regret expressed ])y 
 Mr. Talbot, that our late honored associate did not live 
 to sketch the scones in which he was a conspicuous 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 133 
 
 actor, and the characters of popiUar leaders whose 
 intimacy he had enjoyed. As an iUustration of this 
 remark, may I say that in the course of our conversa- 
 tion, during the evening to which I have referred. 
 Governor Washljurn gave me one of these sketches. 
 
 Lot me state a few facts : In Septemlxn-, 1862, the 
 Governors of all the New England States had a con- 
 ference in Providence, R. I. Ostensildy they were 
 there to be present at the Commencement of Brown 
 Universit}-, which occurred that year, Septemljcr 3d. 
 I remember well — having entered the service in a 
 Massachusetts regiment — that ni}- regiment, the 3Gth 
 Massachusetts Volunteers, left the state without re- 
 ceiving, as was the custom, the benediction of its Gov- 
 ernor. We left Worcester September 2d, in the after- 
 noon, went liy cars to Boston, and eml)arking on the 
 steamer ^lerrimac, where we found the 20th Maine, we 
 sailed that night for Washington. We lost Governor 
 Andrew's parting Avords on account of this conference 
 at Pi'ovidence. When I came, at the close of the 
 rebellion, to prepare the " History of Brown University 
 in the Civil War," it occurred to me that it would be 
 fitting to have an opening chapter on the relation of 
 the University to the rebellion. In preparing that 
 chapter I referred to this conference of the Governors 
 
134 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 of New England in connection with the Commence- 
 ment in 18(J2. 
 
 In this way tliis conference became fixed in my 
 mind, and at the interview with Governor Washburn, 
 to which 1 liavc called attention, 1 asked him in 
 reference to it. You can Avell imagine how vividly and 
 graphically he at once sketched the scene. It was at 
 the suggestion of President Lincoln, he said, that the 
 Governors met in Providence, and they selected that 
 occasion in order that the conference might not excite 
 public attention. Then he gave a report of the con- 
 ference. As I listened to Mr. Talbot's words this 
 evening, and recalled that report, I wished that we 
 liad on paper, for our collections, what Governor 
 Washburn so graphically sketched for me in that 
 memorable conversation. It would be an interesting 
 contribution to the already voluminous history of the 
 Civil War. 
 
 It was my fortune to go to Governor Washljurn's 
 house, and to have a half-hours conversation with him 
 on the morning of the day before he left for Phila- 
 delphia. I did not know when I called tliat it was his 
 purpose to take this journey ; but he met me in the 
 same cordial, cheery manner as ever, and what was 
 characteristic of him, not a word dropped from his lips 
 that the occasion of this journey was his own state of 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. lo5 
 
 health ; but he gave me to understand that other con- 
 siderations called him to Philadelphia, so that I went 
 out from his presence little thinking that it was for 
 the last time. Tidings soon came of his weakened 
 condition, and then the sudden announcement that he 
 liad finished his course and entered into rest. Brethren 
 of the Historical Society, we do well to honor his 
 memory here to-night, and we sliall he happy if, in 
 this review of his useful life and eminent services, we 
 can catch somewhat of his noble, generous spirit. 
 
 Mr. Edward II. El well said : 
 
 Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen, — I had no ex- 
 pectation of speaking here to-night. Others are ap- 
 pointed to that duty, who are I:)etter able t(.) perform it 
 than myself. I have made no preparation to s})eak. 
 Imt sir, no preparation is necessary for one who knew 
 him to pay a tril)ute of respect, and love and admira- 
 tion to the character of Israel Washburn, Jr. I cannot 
 speak of a long acquaintance with him as many gentle- 
 men here can, but I have watched his course from an 
 early period in his life. I have watched his course 
 through Congress, and admired the manner in which 
 he stood up for the great principles he advocated. I 
 remember particularly on one occasion, in one of those 
 
136 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASIIBURX, JR. 
 
 great crises, when all eyes were turned to the action of 
 Congress, and especially to the action of our own dele- 
 gation, that when they came liorae to us at the close 
 of their labors, the delegation came in a body to this 
 city. A meeting of the citizens was held to hear some 
 account of their doings, and we all flocked to Lancaster 
 Hall to listen to them. The whole delegation was 
 there, l)ut he was the leader among them, and liis 
 sj)eech was the great and soul-stirring speech of that 
 occasion. 
 
 I need not refer to his services as Chief Magistrate 
 of this state ; these are known to all. My acquaint- 
 ance with Governor Washburn extends over a period 
 of about ten years. During the last five years of his 
 life, I was accustomed to meet him socially, and occa- 
 sionall}^ upon some matters of business, and I early 
 learned to note certain points of character which were 
 very strongly marked in him, and one was the intense 
 earnestness and vitality which gave him very great 
 force. Whenever he had occasion to speak for the 
 right or to denounce a wi'ong, he did it with a power 
 and vehemence and aggressiveness which carried every- 
 thing before him. That was a strong point in his 
 character, and yet there was no bitterness in him. 
 
 Another mark of his character was his geniality, his 
 lieartiness, his whole souledness, his readiness to meet 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. lo7 
 
 even" man. It did not require a long acquaintance to 
 become acquainted witli him. He met every man 
 more than half way, greeting him with hi.s whole soul, 
 and every man felt acquainted with him at once, and 
 always. He was a man to love and to cling to in every 
 emergency. 
 
 Another mark of liis mental powers whicli struck 
 me, was his great ability, the gi'asp of his mind, and 
 his readiness for action. I remember on one occasion 
 of hearing liim after he had paid a visit to the great 
 Northwest, and spent a little time there, becoming ac- 
 cpiainted with its resources in the region of the Red 
 river and the great city of Winnipeg, .sit down and 
 speak for an hour without a note or scratch, giving 
 details of Idstory, giving statistics and going into all 
 the minutite of that great country, its progress, its op- 
 portunity, and also how in the future time it was to 
 l)e worked out, and doing it without hesitation, going 
 on with his stream of information, carr^'ing his audience 
 with him. I have always admired his entliusiasm for 
 certain of our literary characters, such as Walter Scott, 
 Walter Savage Landor, Charles Lamb. On all these 
 characters in literature he was always ready to speak 
 with great enthusiasm and love. 
 
 I shall never forget my last interview with him. 
 He was stricken on Tlianksgiving dav- I saw him on 
 
138 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 that day a few minutes before he was stricken with 
 the disease from which he never recovered He was ill 
 all the winter. There were certain matters which he 
 had in cliarge in tlie interest of tliis Society, concern- 
 ing wliich it was necessary that there should be com- 
 munication with him, and I called upon him for that 
 purpose, and although this misfortune had fallen upon 
 him, he met me with the old breeziness and vitality 
 Avhich seemed almost to lift him out of it, the cheer 
 and hopefulness which would not seem to believe that 
 anything could diminish his vitality. This went on 
 for one or two interviews, but at the last interview, 
 just before he left for Philadelphia, I said to him : 
 " Well, Governor, how goes it ? '" He replied, " It goes 
 slowly, and I am getting tired of it." There was no 
 loss of hopefulness and geniality, and he went on talk- 
 ing of the future and of the work he could not do 
 now, but which he would do when he returned from 
 Philadelphia. But a shadow had fallen upon him ; 
 the brightness had gone. The great shadow had over- 
 spread his countenance ; the hand of death was upon 
 him ; it has taken him away from us, and to all of us 
 it is an irreparable loss. 
 
 The following communication from Hon. Albert W. 
 Paine, of Bangor, was received and read by the Secre- 
 tary : 
 
MAINE niSTORICAI, SOCIETY. 139 
 
 B.VNGOR, May 21, 1SS3. 
 To the Maine Historical Society : 
 
 I notice in the pa])ers, tliat at the coming meeting of the 
 Society it is proposed that the evening he devoted to tributes 
 to the memory of the late Hon. Israel Washburn. As an 
 early and life-long intimate friend and acquaintance of the 
 deceased, I desire to add my tribute to those of others on that 
 occasion. 
 
 H(! was (if my age, a fellow student with me in the law, and 
 came within a few weeks of myself to join the Penoliscot Bar, 
 at which we both practiced until he went to Portland. The 
 intimacy, tlius commenced, contiiuiiM_l till death has parted us. 
 so that 1 feel that I can speak with assurance of his character 
 and history. 
 
 As a lawyer, nuv di'ceased brother had all the qualities litted 
 to make him eminent in his ])rofessioii. Of unexcepttiouable 
 habits, industrious and atteutive to business, he was ])eculiarly 
 fitted fur his wi.rk, in whatever line he happened to select. 
 Of sound judgment and discriminating mind, he was jiarticu- 
 larly adapted to work of a literary and mental character, and 
 most especially to that of the profession he early chose for his 
 life's support. Orderly and e-\:act in his method and system 
 of activity, he added largely to his other qualifications for the 
 same position. He was besides a diligent student, a great 
 reader, and with a retentive memory, all which helper! liim on 
 largely in his life's emploj-ments. Endowed witii all tiiese 
 hi'reditary anil acquire. 1 virtues, he soon took a high stand in 
 liis (■hoseu professiiin and would undoubtedly have arisen tci 
 great emiuon{-e in it,, had not his attention and jiractice been 
 divei-teil by the public duties to which he was early ciUed. 
 
 When chosen to the office of Itejiresentative to Congress, lie 
 at onre exhibited all tiiose traits of character of which I have 
 already sjioken. His knowledge of the law, then alreailv ac- 
 (piired, gave him at the beginning, an advanced ]iosition in 
 
140 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 the House, and helped him on largely to the post to which he 
 soon attained, as a valuable member and recognized power in 
 its deliberations. At the same time he was not forgetful or 
 unmindful of his constituency at home. Any of their number, 
 whom he happened to meet at the Capitol, was sure of his at- 
 tentions there, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to 
 serve their wishes and administer to their curiosity and desire 
 for information. Business committed to his care was most 
 sure of his attention, and every member of his constituency 
 felt that matters in his hands were safe. At the same time, 
 he was a Eepresentative, not only of his own district and state, 
 but also of the Union, and all these equally received his atten- 
 tion and able support. The several Congresses in which he 
 served, covered the perilous years of the nation's existence, 
 previous to the war, and always found him firm and able in 
 the defence and support of those great principles which lie 
 at the foundation of our government. Few more able and 
 ready supporters of the cause of true freedom were found in 
 those years of danger on the floor of the House. But yet, 
 modest and unassuming as he was, he made little effort to 
 .signalize himself, and he consequently attracted little attention, 
 beyond what his meritorious acts proclaimed. 
 
 So signally were the qualities, now mentioned, recognized 
 by the people, as the dangers began to thicken about the 
 general government and threaten its existence, the Convention 
 called to nominate a Governor, at Norombega Hall, in Bangor, 
 in 1860, without apparently any previous concert, at once con- 
 curred in unanimously selecting him as their candidate. The 
 nomination was wholly unsought by him and entirely unex- 
 pected, as he then held a seat in the House, which was not to 
 be vacated until the 4th of March then next, at the end of 
 President Buchanan's administration. I can well recollect his 
 expressions of feeling on the occasion, as made privately to 
 me at my office on the day of the nomination. He was, as it 
 
MAINE niSTOUICAL SOCIETY. 141 
 
 were, overwhelmed with the thought, and, as he expressed it 
 to me, he could hardly conceive of the idea of his heiiig 
 Governor. He had not then had time, so to speak, to " accept 
 the situation " in wliich tlie nomination placed him, and robe 
 himself with the armor of a candidate, knowing, as he did, 
 that a nomination by his party, in those days, was equivalent 
 to an election. His triumphant election, by a majority of 
 almost 20,000 votes, only showed his great popularity and the 
 confidence the people liad in his patriotism and his ability. 
 
 It is unnecessary for me to speak of the manner of his admin- 
 istration and how satisfactorily and promptly lie met the 
 exigencies which continually presented themselves during the 
 course of the war and while he held the reins of power. A single 
 incident, cou]ing under my own personal observation, at the 
 very beginning of the war, may not be inappropriate, as show- 
 ing how quickly and how energetically he acted when occasion 
 offered or demanded. It is already a matter of history that, 
 immediately after the call for 70,000 troops on the 15th of 
 April, 1861, as soon as the news reached Bangor, two of our 
 citizens at once drew up a paper for volunteers, and tliat within 
 the week a company of such had been gathered and organized 
 ready for duty. As yet, however, no provision had been made 
 for their accommodation or "encampment." The City Council 
 was called together to consult as to tlie best course to be pur- 
 sued and the whole submitted to a committee. On consulta- 
 tion, it was decided to place the matter before the State 
 p].\ecutive. A telegraphic dispatch was accordingly at once 
 sent to the Governor, briefly detailing the facts and asking for 
 instructions. As quickly as the electric current could convey 
 the message to the Executive Eooms, at the State Capitol, and 
 bring back a reply, there came back the short, sharp order : 
 " Rendezvous the troops and the State will pay." Barracks 
 were at once secured and the company went " into camp." x\.s 
 being probably the first official act of the Governor in lii.s 
 18 
 
142 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 military capacity in the war, the incident is regarded worthy 
 of being preserved, as showing his promptness and efficiency 
 under any impending necessity. It is only an illustration of 
 the character he exercised throughout his administration, com- 
 pletely representing it as prompt, thoughtful, energetic and 
 accurate. In all his official stations he was seldom, if ever, 
 accused of mistake, never of a want of fidelity or promptness. 
 
 Mr. Washburn was a student of no ordinary rank. As such, 
 however, I always felt that he labored under a peculiar diffi- 
 culty, one which is ever hard to overcome, the want of a good 
 college education. For this there is hardly any substitute, and 
 Bro. Washburn, I always thought, especially felt it. By diligent 
 study, in after years, in a great measure he overcame the defect, 
 but the lack was an incumbrance which he would gladly have 
 had discharged. Few, however, accomplish so much in this 
 line as he did, but it was the result of study and unremitting 
 toil. His perseverance and native powers of thouglit won his 
 way to distinction, as a scholar of no ordinary rank and worth. 
 
 It was a matter of especial joy with me, that in the last rites 
 which man could pay to him on earth, the interment of his re- 
 mains, I was able to be present, as a witness to the ceremony. 
 Seldom — indeed never — have I before been jjrivileged to witness 
 so inspiring a scene. The day was lovely, almost beyond com- 
 parison ; a company was in attendance that could but joy his 
 soul if he could have seen it ; the place was the highest point, 
 nearest Heaven in significance, on top of Mount Hope, with an 
 open grave lined and surrounded by the loveliest show of ever- 
 greens and flowers, all combining to render this natural exhibi- 
 tion one of the richest kind. At the foot of the grave, before 
 his familiar and intelligent countenance, exposed in the open 
 casket, the funeral exercises were performed by the joint service 
 of two clergymen, usually representing opposing and antago- 
 nizing sects, orthodox and universalist, but here harmonizing in 
 sweetest sentiment and deligiitful remarks. 
 
MAINE IIISTORICAr. SOCIETY. 143 
 
 For one in death to be able to effect such a result, with such 
 perfect unanimity of feeling and good will as was here exhibited 
 by priest and people in attendance, is something to be thankful 
 for, and from which good cannot but be gathereil. As the offi- 
 ciating clergyman repeated with emphasis the words, " Oh, 
 Grave ! where is thy victory — oh, Death ! where is thy sting ? " 
 the impressive answer seemed spontaneously to come to every 
 mind, silencing and subduing every grief and doubt. 
 
 ALBERT W. PAINE. 
 
 The following communication was received from Mr. 
 W. H. Smith, of Portland : 
 
 I heartil}- concur in all that has been so well said 
 about this eminent citizen. I wish to add my testi- 
 mony as a small tribute from one who knew liim well 
 and admired his noble character. 
 
 He was honest and earne.st ; his earnestness was 
 based upon his sincerit3^ 
 
 The following extract from a letter written March 
 
 16, 1858, will give the reader a correct idea of this 
 
 man : 
 
 " In my opinion, the Lecompton Bill ought to be killed. It 
 is right that it sliould be, and, therefore, in my philosophy it is 
 expedient. As it ought to be killed, there is no weapon, cimeter 
 or hand-spike that we should not use." 
 
 That was the man. He first tried the act l)y the 
 .square of truth and justice ; and becau.se it did not 
 stand the test, he u.sed all honorable mcajis to defeat 
 
144 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 it. Hi.s enthusiasm was contagious. All who came in 
 contact with him felt moved by it, for they knew he 
 believed that he was right and he had the courage of 
 his convictions. 
 
 With him " nothing was settled that was wrong." 
 Like Owen Lovejoy, he loved to look from the platform 
 right into the eyes of the people, because he loved and 
 believed in them. He loved our nation, state and city. 
 Reared amid rural scenes, he never forgot the lessons 
 learned by the arm-chair of his mother, the precepts of 
 his honored father, or what lie gathered in the country 
 school house. Training like this has produced men 
 that have made the name of our state glorious. 
 
 One of them, in these lines, has fully expressed the 
 views of our lamented friend. 
 
 " Had I this tough okl world to rule, 
 Mj' cannon, sword and mallet 
 Should be the dear old district school, 
 God's Bible and the ballot." 
 
 He loved nature. Raised among the hills of " Old 
 Oxford " her " sweeping vales and foaming floods " were 
 dear to him. The daisies, violets and roses, the rocks, 
 rills and groves, caused him to have an intense love of 
 freedom and its handmaid, poetry. Hence he delighted 
 in Burns, who was the poet of nature and the people. 
 How earnestly he would chat with one who loved this 
 
MAIXE IIISTOKK'AL SOCIETY. 145 
 
 wonderful genius. " The Cotter's Saturday Night," 
 "The Jolly Beggars," " Twa Dogs," ••'Tarn O'Shanter," 
 " Scots, Wha Hae Wi' Wallace Bled," " Holy Willie's 
 Prayer," " Is There for Honest Poverty," and " To Mary 
 in Heaven," stirred his heart in the same way the victo- 
 ries won l)y our boys in blue did during the war. The 
 " Big ha' Bible ance his Father's Pride," was reverently 
 adored by him. In it was revealed to him a God of love 
 and pit}'. " To him mercy and truth had met together ; 
 righteousness and peace had kissed each other." He 
 aljhorred inlidelity. whetlier disguised in the robes of 
 sanctity or tlic coarser garb of lilasphemy. 
 
 His views upon religion are expressed by Burns in 
 the following lines : 
 
 "Tlie great Creator to revere, 
 
 Must sure become the creature, 
 But still the preadiiiig cant forbear, 
 
 And even the rigid feature. 
 Yet ne'er with wits profane to range 
 
 Be comphtisance extended, 
 An atheist laugh 's a poor exchange 
 
 For Deity offended." 
 
 He took an interest in all the movements for good, 
 and every ptiblic improvement found in him a warm 
 defender. Everj'thing that was good was loved b}' 
 him. He believed the newspaper to be a great edu- 
 cator, and stonMl Ids mind from its columns. 
 
146 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 Could your Society come into possession of liis scrap 
 books, you would find rare treasures that he collected 
 daily. Such a man must be missed. We never full}' 
 estimated his ability and force of character. 
 
 The reaper came suddenly to him. He laid asidi' 
 the work that his active brain and busy hands had 
 foimd to do, and left us in the days of spring, when 
 the green carpet of earth was spread and the flowers 
 were opening their mouths in praise of their Divine 
 author. To him the flora of paradise was revealed in 
 all of its glorious beauty, and he became re-united with 
 those he loved and mourned on earth. That his sphere 
 of usefulness has been enlarged by the change is to 
 me a precious belief. We mourn his loss, but his in- 
 fluence will remain, for among all her sons Maine had 
 none worthier. 
 
 I cannot close my tribute to this •'' man of worth "" 
 without giving expression to my feelings Ijy using 
 these words from a favorite poem that he loved : 
 
 " Mourn, little harebells o'er the lea, 
 Ye stately foxgloves fair to see. 
 Ye woodbines hanging bonnilie 
 
 In scented bowers, 
 Ye roses on your thorny tree, 
 
 The first of flowers. 
 Mourn, Spring, thou darling of the year, 
 Ilk cowslip cup shall kep a tear. 
 
MAINE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 147 
 
 Thou Simmer, while each corny spear 
 
 Shoots up its head, 
 Thy gay, green flowery tresses shear 
 
 For liim tliat's dead." 
 
 HON. ISRAEL WASHBURN, IR. 
 
 From tlie Haiigor Wliig ami Courier, May 25, 1880. 
 
 Tlic following '•Sonnet," iHililislicd in tlu' Whig anil 
 Courior nearly thirty years ago, expresses the vnii\ersal 
 sentiment of ailniii-ation at Mr. Wasliburn's eonrse in 
 Congress during the e.\citing disenssions on tlie snliject 
 of slavery. It was written Iiy Dr. Edward M. Field. 
 The " reward " predicted for him in the closing line 
 linds its fulfillment in a life honored hy the a])prol)a- 
 tion of all idasses of people up to the time of his death, 
 and the universal regret manifested at its sudden ter- 
 mination : 
 
 " All hail to thee, thou Champion of our State ! 
 Thou guardian of its interests in this hour 
 Of mad attempt to strengthen Slavery's power, 
 And fix on Freedom's soil its curse and fate! 
 Thou'rt not ashamed before the proud and great — 
 None greater than thyself — to utter forth 
 The free, bold language of thv native North 1 
 
148 TRIBUTE TO ISRAEL WASHBURN, JR. 
 
 A language tauglit by Nature's aljjliabet, 
 
 Its letters mountains and the rusliing streams, 
 
 Broad bosomed lakes, and forests unexplored, 
 
 Xbe deaf ning thunder, and the lightning's gleams 
 
 And all that tells of Freedom seen or heard — 
 
 This is thy language — thine, too, the reward! " 
 Bangor, May, 1854. 
 
 MEMORIAL TABLET. 
 
 A very handsome memorial tablet has just been put up 
 in the First Universalist Church of Portland, in meuior}- 
 of the late Hon. Israel Washljurn, Jr. It is placed 
 near the pulpit, and bears the following iuscrii)tion. 
 engraved on a bi'ass plate : 
 
 In Memoriam, 
 
 Israel Wnshburn, Jr. 
 
 Born June 6, 1813. Died May 12, 1883. 
 
 Representative to the U. S. Congress. 
 
 Governor of Maine. 
 
 Collector of tlie Port of Portland. 
 
 An honored and useful life. 
 
 The tablet is of the French Gothic st^Je. cut from 
 white Caen stone from Normandy, with colunnis of 
 southern marble. It is five feet high by three feet two 
 inches wide. The caps of the columns are natural 
 flowers, and conventional bosses, lilies of the valley on 
 one column, and primroses on the other. 
 
1 
 
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 'iv)