254 Glass . Book_ COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 8 isre »g ble A SYNOPSIS OF ROANOKE AND HER Wonderful Prosperity. WRITTEN AND COMPILED BY F. P. SMITH. PUBLISHED BY W. M. YAGER & CO., Real Estate Brokers, ROANOKE, VA. W. M. YAGER. 2 4 n-11^ 5^7 THE NEW SOUTH. ''There are domes of white floiuers where swelled the zvhite tent, There are plozvs i7i the track luhere the war-ruagons went, There are songs 7uhere they lifted up RacheV s lament."' — Taylor. " t}0 SOUTH, YOUNG MAN.'' When the Hon. Chatincey M. Depew spoke these words, he did so with an inspiration that — " Dipt into the future far as human eye could see ; Saw the vision of the world, and all the wonders that would be." Life is a struggle, and where opportunities are few, only those whom nature has best endowed win the prize, unless accident, or wealth and influence combine, as is frequently the case, to defeat merit and talent. The South offers untold — un- thought of opportunities to the young and ambitious mind, and so abundant, that neither wealth nor influence dare obstruct the way to the enlaureled crown of success. An honest heart and intelligent mind, led on by a determination, will bring to the persevering in a few years, influence and a position among the successful men of the country, receiving the just recogni- tion due him. The South of to-day is not the South of a quar- ter of a century ago, conservative and provincial, retiring within herself, wrapped in her toga of time-honored customs and institutions, but stands to-day a new land, progressive and cosmopolitan. She opens wide her doors and welcomes her Northern brethren and points with pride to the vastness of her minerals, sleeping in her valleys or glistening on her mountain tops, and says : Help me to gather these gems and I will make thee rich and thou shalt dwell with me forever, for "the war- drum throbs no longer, and the battle flags are furled." Her energies were weakened by the curse of slavery, but to-day she points with a just pride to a dark monument adown the years, built of four millions of fetters that fell from her fair form, and which marks the beginning of her development that has known no retrogression, and which is sure to place her among the greatest countries of the world, there, by the wealth of her in- exhaustible resources to maintain her position whilst "the great world spins forever down the ringing grooves of change. " ROANOKE. To those unacquainted with the marvelous development of Roanoke, the following statements may bear the impress of exaggeration, for her remarkable growth is startling as fiction. We have tried to avoid any semblance towards over-estimation or untruthfulness, and state but simple facts. SITUATION. Roanoke, situated in Southwest Virginia, and geographic- ally, in the gateway to the Southwest — nestles in a lovely valley, surrounded by the majestic Blue Ridge and Allegheny moun- tains, in sight of the Peaks of Otter, all clad in their primeval forests, the beauty of whose summer verdure and autumnal foli-age is unsurpassed. NAME. Roanoke is a contraction of the Indian word " Raw-re- noke," meaning "precious money," or sea shells, which were used by them as representative of value. ' POPULATION Roanoke was known as " Big Lick," because of the deer that formerly visited its salt marshes. In 1874 it was incorpor- ated as a town ; in 1882 it had a population of 400— the same year the Legislature changed its name to Roanoke ; in 1884 it was incorporated as a city, and in 1891 it has a population of 22,000, or more, a gain of more than 5,000 per cent. In the last three years there has been a gain of at least 13,500. The city has absorbed this great increase and given all an occupation. Busi- ness increases proportionately with her population. 6 A Synopsis of Roanoke. CLIMATE. Roanoke, situated at an elevation of 907 feet above the ocean, midway between the rigors of northern winters and the enervating heat of the far south, possesses a most equitable, mild and salubrious climate, conducive to the best enjo3^ment of life. The following is a list of the most celebrated winter resorts of southern Europe, with their average temperature compared with that of Roanoke : vSpring, vSummer. Fall. Winter. Average. Vienna, 56.2 71.8 54-6 38.7 55-3 Turin, 53-7 75-1 53-8 33-5 53-1 Geneva, 52.2 70.3 54-2 34-0 52.07 Milan, 54-9 72.8 55-9 36.1 54.9 Roanoke, 56.0 ' 76.0 61.0 41.0 58.0 HEALTH. lyocated as Roanoke is, almost entirely on rolling upland, with its elevation and pure mountain air, it must necessarily be a most healthful city. A very small portion of the city is low, and this is being thoroughly drained and filled. There is not a section of the city but has good drainage. The pure mountain air is rich with ozone (oxygen in great activity) is invigorating and bracing, which, in a great measure, is responsible for the wonderful energy the people of Roanoke possess. SEWERAGE. Sewers are being constantly laid, and before the close of 1891 Roanoke will have one of the most complete systems of sewer- age of any southern city, as she will spend |ioo,ooo in this work during the year. A Synopsis of Roanoke. 7 WATER The water supply comes from a " lost " mountain river that bubbles from the base of Mill Mountain, crystal, pure and "ice- cold," is conveyed to the city — a distance of two miles, passing under the bed of Roanoke river. It has a gravity force enough to carry it to distant parts of the city, with a capacity of more than 6,000,000 gallons daily. The pressure is increased by two immense force pumps. The facilities are unsurpassed and sel- dom equaled in cities the size of Roanoke. Allowing ten gallons per day to each individual, there is a supply sufficient for a population of 600,000. FIRE. Roanoke has a large corps of well-drilled firemen, of whose promptness, bravery and efficiency the city is justly proud. There were forty-four fires during the past year with a loss of only 17,885. Chief Engineer, James G. Knepp ; First Assistant Bngineer, Owen Duggan ; Second Assistant Kngineer, J. T. Bngleby. POLICE. ROANOKK'S police force, decked out in their handsome uni- forms, speaks well for the city's enterprise. Owing to the city's rapid growth, the force will, doubtless, be doubled during the year. LIGHTS Roanoke is lighted by gas, and arc and incandescent electric lights. She will spend $15,000 in 189 1 for additional electric plant. 8 A Synopsis of Roanoke. STREET CAR. Roanoke has fourteen miles of street railway — now operated by steam and horses. That portion within the city limits and extending to Vinton, will soon be operated by electricity. She is connected with Salem, seven miles, by steam dummy line. WATER POWER. The Roanoke river affords first-class power for manufacturing purposes, and delightful sport to those who seek her finny tribes, as her waters abound with mountain trout. REAL ESTATE EXCHANGE. RoANOKK has a first-class real estate exchange, where all real estate transactions are reported and recoi-ded. Its members are wide-awake and " brainy ' ' men who have Roanoke's w^elfare at heart and spare neither money nor energ}^ to add to her already marvelous growth. The officers are : President, J. R. Hockaday ; Vice-President, J. K. Dupuy ; Secretary and Treasurer, L. W. Terrill. PROFITS I\ REAL ESTATE, There has not been a single failure 'in real estate investments in Roanoke — unparalleled in the history of the world. There has been a steady growth for eight 3ears, with periods of marked activity. Large fortunes have been made and are still growing. There is no safer or more remunerative investment. " Roanoke's real estate transactions for the year just gone by have been phenomenal, and perhaps no other city in the Union can show such a record as Roanoke in proportion to its size and population. Roanoke's real estate transactions for 1890 amounted to $17,666,069 from five thousand one hundred and three deeds, while those of Chattanooga, Tennessee, as pub A Synopsis of Roanoke. g lished in the Chattanooga papers, amounted to something over $5,000,000 from less than two thousand deeds, and that city is the center of fifty thousand population while Roanoke has only about twenty-two thousand. The statement below, showing the transactions for each month, does not include the transfer of the Shenandoah Valley railroad to the Norfolk and Western Railroad Company, in which the consideration was $7,100,000 : No. Deeds. Av. value. Total. January 200 «2,020 § 404,000 February 8.S5 2,485 956,745 March 490 2,362 1,157,380 April 402 2,800 1,122,600 May 323 3,000 969,690 June : 388 3,486 1,552,568 July 387 2,956 1,134,481 August 353 2,914 927,644 September 594 5,100 3,029,400 October.. 757 4,160 3,122,260 November 648 4 500 2,916,000 December 377 4,128 1,566,371 Total 5,103 §41,936 «il5,666,069 Roanoke Times, January 22, 1S91." The average monthly transfers of real estate in Roanoke for the year 1890 amounted to $1,472,172.50. CHURCHES. The following is a list of the churches in Roanoke, showing the value and membership of each : Value. Membership. M. E. South, Greene Memorial $40,000 1,000 Methodist Episcopal 3,000 70 Presbyterian... 35,000 600 Christian! 7,000 100 First Baptist re-building 400 lo A Synopsis of Roanoke. Value. Membership. Lutheran, St. Marks re-buildiug 275 Lutheran Chapel 2,000 125 Episcopal, St. John's 30.000 350 Catholic, St. Andrew's 150,000 1,000 Presbyterian, Chapel 2,500 250 A. M. E. South .'*?10,000 ^ — A. M. E 10,000 100 A. High St. Baptist 15,000 2.53 African First Baptist • 8,000 4(»0 PHYSICIANS. The following is a list of the physicians who have cast their lot in Roanoke. We refer to these gentlemen without their per- mission. They all have excellent reputation for skillful treat- ment of diseases : Drs. J. A. Gale, A. Z. Koiner, H. E. Jones, H. W. Harrison, I^. Buckner, J. L. Stone, L. B. Firey, F. C. Tice, G. B. Vogel, C. G. Cannaday, W. W. S. Butler, R. W. Fry, H. St. John, J. Kinney, Iv. G. Pedigo, H. A. Sims, B. D. Dow- ney, J. S. Haile, J. D. Kirk, G. S. Luck, J. B. Moorman, Mrs. Washington (homoepathic) and A. O. Pitcher (homcepathic). Of these we particularly refer to Dr. Kinney, who is earning a fine reputation in the treatment of the eye, ear and throat and especially in catarrhal trouble. His method is by electricity. He has made some remarkable cures. YOUNG ME]^^S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION Roanoke has a flourishing branch of the Young Men's Christian Association. The membership, during the last three months, has increased one hundred and tw^enty-one. Official reports show a larger attendance at religious services than in A Synopsis of Roanoke. ii ninety per cent, of similar associations of the United States. The Association will erect a handsome building in 1891, costing ^50,000 ; the lot is worth |5o,ooo. The building will contain all of the latest and most perfect arrangements, such as Bath- rooms, Gymnasium, Auditorium, etc. Membership fee $3 ; to be increased to I5 when in their new building. SCHOOLS. Roanoke's school system is very fine, offering the best op- portunities of education to the young. Her three public schools, with an enrollment of 1,100 pupils, are conducted according to the most improved methods of instriiction, with a ver}^ efficient corps of teachers. Teachers of First Ward are : Prof. J. P. Mauzy, Principal ; assisted by the Misses Stone, Hockaday, Smith, ProfEitt, Thomas, Brown, Trent and Mrs. Knox. Third Ward : Prof. S. R. Beckham, Principal ; Assistants, Misses Board, Mitchell and Berlin. Fourth Ward : Miss Eckloff, Principal ; Assistants, Misses Vaiden, Graves, Hunt and Clare, The Alle- ghany Institute, for males, situated in the northern section of the city, is an imposing brick structure containing eighty-five rooms, and, beyond doubt, the leading educational institution in Southwest Virginia. Mrs. P. I^. Gilmer's School for Young I/adies has been long identified with Roanoke's educational progress and has an excellent reputation. There is an enroll- ment of about one hundred students, with an efficient corps of six assistant teachers. Within seven miles of Roanoke, in a picturesque valley, is the Hollins Institute for young ladies, founded long before the civil war, and is one of the best semi- naries in the South. The Catholic Parochial School, a fine institution, has an enrollment of seventy -five pupils, of which the Misses Byrnes have control. The colored schools enroll about four hundred pupils. 12 A Synopsis of Roanoke. RIILROADS AND RAILROAD FACILITIES. RoANOKK is already a railroad center. The Norfolk and Western, connecting Norfolk, Va., and Bristol, Tenn., and its branches ramifying throughout the mineral regions of the State, West Virginia, Ohio, North Carolina and Kentucky, is already a trunk line. The Shenandoah Valley road from Hagerstown, Md., brings the wealth of that fertile valley to the feet of Roanoke The Roanoke Southern — about half completed, reaching Roanoke before the close of ninety-one — from Wins- ton, N, C, and making direct connection with Atlanta, will prove the entrance to an enormous wholesale trade throughout the South. The Chesapeake and Ohio, from Clifton Forge, and the Baltimore and Ohio, now within forty-five miles of Roan- oke — both of which must come to Roanoke — when completed will give Roanoke as cheap rates and superior transportation facilities as are rarely enjoyed. The Norfolk and Western rail- road, with Vice-President Chas. G. Eddy at the helm, has been a powerful factor in the development of Roanoke, and to him great credit is due for the influence he has exerted in her behalf. The S. v., or *' Shenandoah " Valley road, bears an Indian name meaning the " Bright, lyaughing Daughter of the Skies." COMMON LABOR. Common laborers receive from $i.oo to $1.25 per day. SKILLED LABOR. There is a great demand for sober and skillful workmen. Skilled laborers receive per day as follows : Machinists $2.50 to |6.oo Carpenters 1.50 to 3.00 Bricklayers 2.50 to 4.00 Stonemasons 2.50 to 4.00 A Synopsis of Roanoke. ij TRADE AREA. Trade area extends to North Carolina, West Virginia, Ten- nessee, and the entire surrounding country, embracing sixteen of the wealthiest, most productive and most rapidly developing counties in Virginia. MANUFACTURES ESTABLISHED. The index to Roanoke's solid growth and future prosperity is her extensive and diversified industries, of which the follow- ing is a list of the most important : Capital. Roanoke Machine Works §5,000,000 Roanoke Iron ComiDany (2.0-ton furnace, muck bar mill and plate mill) 500,000 Crozer Steel and Iron Company 500,000 Roanoke Gas and Water Company 250,000 Roanoke Spike Factory 50,000 Roanoke Brick Works 15,000 Other Brick Yards 20,000 Gambili Flouring Mill Company 50,000 Roanoke Brewery 75,000 Aniericaa Bridge Works 200,000 Roanoke Rolling Mills 90,000 Diamond Ice Company 55,000 West End Brick and Tile Works 20,000 Riffe's Hydraulic Flngine Works 50,000 Roanoke Ice Company 35,(100 Roanoke Milling Company 25,000 Roanoke Canning and Preserving Coinpany 50,000 Mattress Factory 10,000 Bridgewater Carriage Company of Roanoke 50,000 Roanoke Electric Light Company 50,000 P. L. Terry Milling Company 75,003 Adams Bros. & Payne Brick Company 25,000 Roanoke Manufacturing Company 25,000 Two Tobacco Factories.. 50,000 Four Planing Mills 75,000 Two Cigar l-actories 5,000 Paper Bag Factory 100,000 Sash, Blind and Door Factory /y A Synopsis of Roanoke. Capital. The Bell Printing & Manufacturing Co., (value of plant) 25,000 Hammond Printing Company Elevator 100,000 Fishburne Bros. Flouring Mill 25,000 Roanoke Black Marble Company 500,000 This list does not represent the small manufactures. LAND IMPROVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT COMPANIES. Virginia Development Company .'9^5,000,000 Jeannette Land Company 135,000 West Roanoke Land Company 100,000 North Side Land Company 30,000 Hyde Park Land Company 80,000 Melrose Land Company 75,000 Belmont Land Company, authorized capital stock 90,000 Oak Ridge Land Company 50,000 River View Land Company 75,000 Roanoke Land and Improvement Company 400,000 Crystal Sprinjjs Land Company 400,000 West End Land Company 50,000 ureston Land Company 75,000 Central Park Land ('ompany 40,(XK) Ingleside Land Company 20,000 The Virginia Land Company ,. 250,000 Midway Land Company 30,000 Inter-Urban Land Company , 500,000 Mountain View Land Company 35,000 Elmwood Land Company 100,000 Magic City Land Company 35,000 Bennet Springs Land Company, authorized capital stock 25,000 Craig Land Company, authorized capital stock 100,000 Central Investment Companj% authorized capital stock 20,000 Creston Land Company, authorized capital stock 1,000,000 Clyde Land Company, authorized capital stock 10,000 Eureka Land Company, authorized capital stock 500,0(X) Fairview Land Company, authorized capital stock 50,000 Glade Land Company, authorized capital stock 50,000 Glen Falls Land Company, authorized capital stock 35,000 Linwood Land Company, authorized capital stock 80,000 The Guarantee Title and Investment Company 200,000 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 15 Piedmoni Land and Manufacturing Companj' 500,000 Roanoke Developing Company 1.100,0(X) With fully ^3,000,000 pledged for improvements. BUILDING} ASSOCIATIONS. Iron Belt Building Association, authorized capital stock .*2.j,(M)0,000 Exchange Building Association 100,000 Roanoke Buiiding Association and Investment Company -100,000 Roanoke Building Company 20,000 Home Building and Conveyance Company 200,000 Old Dominion Building Association, authorized capital.. .... 20,000,000 Home Loan and Building Association 300,000 Merchants' and Mechanics' Building Association 150,000 The Perpetual Building Association 250,000 INDUSTRIES TN PROSPECT. Although not completed, the following industries are as- sured to Roanoke : Norfolk and Western Railroad Shops, for the exclusive manufacture of passenger -coaches ; New Electric Light Plant, to co.st $15,000 ; Roanoke and Southern Railroad ; Plate Mill ; Woolen Mill ; Duvall Engine Works, capital stock |6o,ooo; Wrought Iron Pipe Works, $30,000; Clearing House ; Glass Works, $20,000 ; Bridgewater Carriage Works in- crease their capital to $75,000, and will remove to the Roanoke Development Company's lands. TAXATION. Rate on :lrlOO,State tax, 4 mills % 40 Piite on #100, City tax 1 10 Rate on :$100, School tax 15 Rate on $100, total SI 05 The taxation is as low, if not lower than in any other city in the United States. 1 6 A Synopsis of Roanoke. FINANCIAL CONDITION. Assessed value of real estate $6,750,884 00 Assessed value of personal estates 1.715,6^12 (X) Total assessment S^8, 466,526 00 Bonded debt % 156,000 00 Total debt 185,785 00 Annual gross receipts from direct taxition 139,697 68 Annual receipts from licenses 24,661 32 Annual receipts from other sources „ 7,586 00 Increase in value of real estate in five years 5,269,251 00 The bonded debt b}^ law cannot exceed 15 per cent, of tax- able property of the city. 1*he bonds mature thirty 3^ears from their date, with interest at 6 per cent. POST-OFFICE. Increase of receipts : Postal receipts fromDecertiber 1, 1885, to JuneoO 1886 % 5,171 18 Postal receipts from July 1, 1886, to June 30, 1887 9,636 41 Postal receipts from July 1, 1887, to June 30, 1888... 12,933 93 Increase from 1887 to 1888 .3,097 52 Postal receipts from July 1, 1888, to June 80, 1889 \ 17,448 86 Increase from 1888 to 1889 4,714 93 Postal receipts from July 1, 1889, to June 30, 1890 24.090 41 Increase from 1889 to 1890 6,641 55 Postal receipts from July 1, 1890, to December 31, 1890 (six months) 17,495 84 In this ratio the receipts of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, will be 34,991 68 Increase (probable) from 1890 to 1891 10,901 27 A. S. ASBERRY, James M. O'Brien, Postmaster. Assistant Postmaster. PUBLIC BUILDING. Congressman Edmunds has been earnestly urging" the Gov- ernment to give Roanoke a public building, and at the present time indications point to the near future when her hope will be realized. A Synopsis of Roanoke. // BUILDINGS OF 1891. The year 1891 will exceed all others in the erection of fine public buildings and dwellings. There is no. better indication of a city's prosperity than her building industry. The follow- ing list will show those assured, and some, if not already com- menced, are under contract : Terry building (for offices)..* 9(),U0() Baptist Cliurch % 18,000 Hospital. 50,000 Baptist Church 15,000 New Opera House 100,000 Lutheran Church 40,000 New N. & W. Pass. Station. 150,000 Catholic Church (50,000 New N. ct W. office build- Rolling Mill, West End ing (addition) 220,000 largest in the South Y.M.C. A. building 50,000 Glass Factorj^ 20,000 Jail (improvement) 10,000 Catholic Orphan Asylum... 80,000 M. E. Church, South 40,000 Roanoke Southern Pass- M. E. Church, South 10,000 enger Depot (estimated)... 100,000 Duvall Engine Works 80,000 Roanoke Southern Freight Cold Storage Depot (estimated) 2.5,000 Episcopal Church 8:!,000 The Presbyterian and Methodist Churches expect to erect a first-class college, each, on ground donated for that purpose. At least from i,ooo to 1,500 residences will be erected during the year. These figures are not exaggerated. There is no ''boom" in Roanoke, and never has been. Her growth is healthy, steady and continuous, predicated upon her mag- nificent advantages. BANKS. Roanoke; is proud of her banking institutions. Even when passing through the late stringency in the money market, these institutions had more money on deposit than at any previous time. The wonderful increase in the banking business during 1890 has been the subject of much comment by many papers throughout the country, notably by the Journal of Finance of Baltimore, and by Philadelphia and Washington papers. 1 8 A Synopsis of Roanoke. We submit a statement of their condition during the year 1891 : FIRST NATIONAL. President, H. S. Trout; Vice President, P. L. Terry; Cashier, J. W. Shields, Jr. ; Assistant Cashier, J. T. Meadows ; Teller, F. H. Loving. Transactions for 1890 in loans exceeded §3,000,000 00 Volume of business ....• 1,092,949 S3 Volume of business, increase over 1S89 347,593 28 Surplus fund aggregates 75.000 00 Surplus fund, increase over 1889 25,000 00 Loans and discounts 674,770 81 Loans and discounts, increase over 1889 1(10,444 83 Undivided profits 10,000 00 Deposits 785,522 19 Deposits, increase over 1889 515,056 81 Capital 100,000 00 This bank has never lost a dollar. NATlONAIy EXCHANGE. President, T. T. Fishburne; Vice President, J. T. Engleb}^ ; Cashier, J. B. Fishburne ; Teller, B. Rust. Volume of business $356,071 01 Volume of business, increase over 1889 65,293 87 Paid dividends during 1890 5,000 00 Loans and discounts 232,021 25 Loans and discounts, increase over 1889 41,076 15 Surplus 10,000 00 Undivided profits 1,000 00 Deposits 217,013 82 Deposits, increase over 1889 55,556 39 Capital 100,000 00 This bank has never lost a dollar. COMMERCIAIv NATIONAL. President, J. W. Coon ; Vice President, C. O'Leary ; Cashier, J. C. Davenport ; Teller, W. F. Penn. Volume of business ^41,304 71 Volume of business, increase over 1889.... 195,484 71 Loans and discounts 316,461 00 A Synopsis of Roanoke. ig Loans and discounts, increase over 1889 lol,971 15 Surplus 20,000 00 Surplus, increase over 1889 10,000 00 Undivided profits 7,052 00 Undivided profits, increase over 1880 6,-tOO 00 Deposits 260,000 00 Deposits, increase over 1889 160,000 00 Capital 100,000 00 This bank has never lost a dollar. CITIZENS' BANK. President, J. B. Levy ; Vice President, W. M. Yager ; Cashier, H. M. Dickinson, Teller, R. M. Kent. Volume of business H50,081 10 Volume of business, increase over 1889 58.046 54 Transactions 800,000 00 Loans and discounts 113,589 00 Loans and discounts, increase over 1889 35,609 45 Surplus 4,000 00 Undivided profits 8,500 00 Undivided profits, Increase over 1889 5,500 00 Deposits 75,000 00 Deposits, increase over 18S9 46,000 00 Capital 40,000 00 This bank has never lost a dollar. LOAN ASSOCIATIONS. Roanoke Trust, Loan and Safe Deposit Company S250,000 Traders' Loan, Trust and Deposit Company 50.000 Fidelity Loan and Trust Company 200,000 State Savings bank 100,(J00 WORKING CAPITAL. Amount invested in Roanoke is not less than |;2o,ooo,ooo. RENTS Cottages rent for |i2 to 1 15 per month. Mechanics houses rent for $15 to $20 per month. Best Residences rent for $25 to $100 per month. Stores rent for I35 to 1 150 per month. 20 A Synopsis of Roanoke. COST OF LIVING. ROANOKKis a center of trade for farm produce, with aradiv of forty miles. All farm products, whilst having a ready salt are disposed of at reasonable prices. The great number c stores, by close competition, keep prices to the minimun Coal and wood are cheap. COST OF HOMES. IvOts can be bought from $250 to $3,000. Comfortable six room houses can be erected for $650 to 1 1,000 ; better houses with all modern improvements, from $2,000 to $3,000. Lot and houses are sold on easy monthly payments. The diflferen building associations have helped hundreds of industrious met to make homes for themselves. BUILDING MATERIALS. Rough Lumber, per 1,000 feet . . $13.50 to $14.00 Dressed Lumber, per 1,000 feet . . . 20.00 to 25.00 Brick, per 1,000 • . . 8.00 to 10.00 Stone, per yard 3.25 to 4.00 Slate, per square 10.00 to 10.50 Lime, per barrel i.oo to 1.25 Plastering, per yard .19 to .25 Portland Cement, per barrel .... 4-oo Doors 1-25 to 23.25 Sash 37 to 6.52 Blinds 50 to 5-oo Tinning, per square 4.50 to 7.00 TIMBER. Roanoke has an almost unlimited supply of timber. The mountains on every hand are clad in their virgin forests of both decidious and coniferous trees. A Synopsis of Roanoke. 21 <'OST OF PIG IRON. To tnanufacture, best qualit}-, from 19 to |io per ton. COAL AND COKE. Coal costs for domestic pnrposes, by car load, fo.25 to $3.50 per ton (two grades) ; for manufacturing purposes, per ton of 2,240 lbs,, 1^2.85. Coke costs per ton of 2,000 lbs., for manufac- turing purpose.*^, ^3.50. MINERALS. Southwest Virginia is rich in minerals, which lie very near the surface, and are secured at such little cost that they are attracting capital not only from the Northern States, but from all over Europe, which is certain to place the Old Dominion first among her sister States where she rightfully belongs. Here are some of her minerals : Coal — Anthracite, Bituminous, Cok- ing, Gas, Domestic, Cannel and Splint ; Iron-ore — Magnetic, Hemetite, Limestone and Mountain ; Gossan, Copper, Mangan- ese, Lead, Zinc, Salt, Plaster, Barytes, Gold, Silver, Tin, Gyp- sum, Granite, Marble — Black, White, Variegated, etc. ; Asbes- tos, Kaolin, and others. TRUCK FARMING. Roanoke's vicinity presents splendid opportunities for ac- quiring a competency in truck farming. There is a ready and growing market for all products of the farm. The soil and cli- mate are especially adapted to the raising of vegetables and fruits of almost every variety. No better opportunities can be offered farmers of limited means. 22 A Sy?topsis of Roanoke. COMMERCIAL CLUB. This club is composed of about eighty members, who have the best interests of the city at heart, and are a powerful ele- ment in the development of Roanoke, being chief among business men. GROWTH OF THE CITY. The development of Roanoke reads more like a Utopian myth than the truthful history that it is. In eight years she has increased five thousand per cent, in population. Her real estate vlaue has trebled itself; and since 1888 the monthly transfers of property have passed from 194,738.82 to 11,472,172.50, and yet property is not as high by one hundred per cent, as it is in Tacoma or Birmingham. Lots can be bought as low as $250, and in many cases by installments. INDUCEMENTS TO MANUFACTURERS. Roanoke has more than $8,000,000 invested in land compa- nies for the development of the city — by making improvements, encouraging manufacturers to locate, and erecting buildings, &c. The Roanoke Development Company has $1,000,000 to invest in manufactures. Any first-class, legitimate business can receive financial encouragement from them. Goods manufactured here are preferred by the Southern trade to the same class of goods manufactared in the North, because of the great saving of freight and the reduced cost to manufacture. The most rapidly growing trade of the United States is in the South and Southwest. Roanoke river presents first-class opportunities for water power. Coal is cheap ; iron is cheap and is manufactured in Roanoke ; timber is abundant and cheap, the elements necessary to the manufacturing interest. Transportation is low, and in direct A Synopsis of Roanoke. 23 communication with all parts of the country. The South is not overcrowded and will support a population four times as dense. In all probabilit}-, in the next decade, the emigration from the " Old World " wdll amount to eighteen or twenty mil- lions, and it is generally conceded that the greater part of this vast influx will settle in the South. GEINERAL ADVANTAGES. Roanoke is in the center of the finest coal, iron, timber and agricultural region of the world. These raw materials are in such close proximity to each other that they bring the cost of production to the minimum. The climate offers the best conditions for maintaining health and enjoying life. Iviving is cheap. Roanoke is in direct communication with the seaboard. There is a growing market for "home products," and a con- stantly increasing trade with adjoining States and cities ; she is a great railroad center and is in a day's ride of the great Eastern markets — ten hours to Washington, eleven hours to Baltimore, sixteen hours to Philadelphia, and twenty-four hours to New York. CLERKS OF THE N. & W. R. R OFFICES. There are 400 clerks in these offices. The officials of the N. & W. railroad, including Maryland and Washington division, (the S. V.) live in Roanoke. RAILROAD PASSENGER FARE. To Washington, D. C % 7.05 To Cincinnati, O $18 90 " Knoxville, Tenn 9 20 " Wytlieville, va 2 80 " Baltimore, Md 8 25 " Chicago, 111 17 50 " Wilmington, Del 1030 " Pittsburg, Pa 13 55 " Philadelphia, Penn 1105 " Elmira, N. Y 15 65 " Richmond, Va 6 15 " Boston, Mass 19 30 24 A Synopsis of- Roanoke. To New York, N. Y H3 55 To Bristol, Tenn 15 25 Charleston, S. C 16 50 " Lynchburg, Va 185 Norfolk, Va 8 C5 " Salem, Va 25 Middlesboro, Ky. 12 50 " Harrisburg, Pa 10 55 Atlanta, Ga 14 75 " Hagerstowu, Md 8 25 Staunton, Va 8 70 HOTELS. Roanoke has splendid hotel accommodations. " Hotel Roan- oke," of " Queen Anne " style, is beautifully located on a high eminence in the center of the city, and is one of the finest hotels in the South, or elsewhere. It has a capacity- of about 300 guests. Fred. E. Foster, Manager. "Hotel Ponce de Leon," new, is beyond doubt one of the best equipped hotels in the country. C. G. Smith, owner and manager. The cuisine department is second to none. It accommodates 300 guests. "Hotel Felix" is another fine house, with a capacity of 200 guests. It is one of the most popular houses in the city. W. H. Felix is owner and manager. " Hotel Continental " does a fine business and is located in the very center of the city. W. A. Hellman, proprietor. "The Palace Hotel," just east of the Continental, is one of the oldest and best-known inns of the citv. " Rorer Park " and several others are w^orthy of mention. UOAiNOKE HOSPITAL. This is purely a benevolent institution and so long as there is accommodation in the building no sick or injured applicant is refused admittance because of inability to pay, or because of difference of creed or color. Private apartments are furnished to patients who may desire to enter and pay for so doing. There are separate accommodations for white and colored patients. A full corps of trained nurses and most skilful phy- sicians will i)e maintained. A Synopsis of Roanoke. 25 NEWSPAPERS. Roanoke has three daihes, namely : Roanoke Herald, morn- ing, Jas. A, Pugh, editor — one of the best newspaper men of the South ; Roanoke' Times, morning, H. J. Brown, editor — a master in the business ; The Evening World, H. O. Nicholson and Dr. J. W. Davis, editors. These gentlemen publish i. paper that is daily growing in popularity. The Cosmocrat weekly, is an illustrated, humorous, twenty-page paper that doe; credit to the management. Waller P. HufF and Dick Burk Williams, proprietors. The Iron Belt is a sixteen-page monthl "industrial journal devoted to Southern commerce and mam facturing and the upbuilding of new towns in mining sections. This paper is the best of its kind south of Baltimore. J. ( Hill is the editor and J. T. Hall general manager. MISCELLANEOUS. Roanoke has a complete telephone system ; an opera hous< a first-class central engine house ; a " gentlemen's driving park and fair grounds ; narrow-gauge railroad, four miles long, ru ning to the Rorer iron mines ; phonograph company. SECRET ORGANIZATIONS. The secret organizations are well represented. Ancient Fi and Accepted Masonic organization, represented l^y the Scott Rite, Commanderies, Royal Arch Chapters and Blue Ivodg the latter being I^akeland Lodge No. 190 and Pleasants No. Their hall is on Campbell street S W. Odd Fellows Lodg Mountain Dale and Mt. Vernon ; Knights of Pythias : Osce Lodge No. 47 ; Red Men : Hiaw^atha Tribe No. 66 ; Indep dent Order of Good Templars ; Knights of Honor ; Knight 26 A Synopds of Roanoke. the Golden Eagle ; Order of Chosen Knights : Knights of Labor ; Independent Order Junior Mechanics ; Brotherhood of Locomotive Engieeers, etc. CITY GOVERNMENT. Mayor, W. G. Evans ; treasurer, C. W. Thomas ; clerk and auditor, Geo. L. Bennett ; commissioner of revenue, C M. Turner ; commonwealth's attorney, Roy B. Smith ; clerk of 20urt,S. S. Brooke ; city solicitor,Thos.W. Miller ; city sergeant, r. B. Traynham ; city physician. Dr. Lee Buckner ; city sur- veyor, W. M. Dunlap ; superintendent of market houee, A. J. Davis ; scavenger, Pryor Woodson ; janitor court house, Wm. ^hillips; chief of police, M. C Morris. HUSTINGS COURT. Judge, Hon. William Gordon Robertson ; clerk, S. S. Brooke, erm commences the first Monday in each month except ugust. CIRCUIT COURT. Judge, Hon. Henry E. Blair; clerk, S. S. Brooke. Term mmences April 24th and November 7th. COMMON COUNCIL. st Ward : H. S. Trout, E. R- Woodward, J. H. Skinker, W. Huff. 2nd Ward : R. A. Buckner, Jas. A. McConnell, Jos. Hanthorn, Geo. C. McCahan. 3rd Ward : M. P. Scott, John >han, J. C. Graves and D. M. Ruggles. A Synopsis of Roatioke. 2j JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 1st Ward, Sam. G. Williams ; 2nd Ward, S. W. Howerton ; 3rd Ward, Frank Ray ; Constable, F. E. Brawford. SCHOOL BOARD. R. U. Derr, superintendent ; G. L. Stevens, clerk of school board ; Chas. A. Pilsbury, chairman ; G. W. Ramsey. CITY'S CREDIT. The city's bonds have sold for 105, and since the selling of these 105^^ has been offered for the thirty years bonds. INDUSTRIES THAT WIIX PAY. Boot and shoe factor}', paper mill, tannery, stove foundry, shirt factory, cotton mills, woolen mills, knitting mills, cloth- ing factory, barrel factory, plow shops, hat factory, match factory, cotton yarn factory, saddle and harness factory, nail mill, tin-plate factory, &c. LIVERY. Roanoke has a splendid livery service, and excellent horses — the admiration of the stranger. Horses are boarded at reasonable rates and receive the best attention. POPULATION CLASSIFIED. "It has been determined by authorities on statistics that the total number of persons dependent upon one working man is four. For each voter there are allowed five other persons by staticians ; but the fact that so many 3'ouths under age are en- gaged in trades and occupations reduces the schedule to lour 28 A Synopsis of Roanoke. people for each laborer. In Roanoke, owing to the rapid increase in population, which has outrun building operations, there is a large number of young men without families and of married men w^hose families live elsewhere, which thus reduces the schedule to 3 >< people to every working male. "Then, multipying 6.428 the total industrial population of Roanoke by 3'^, we have 22,500 as the total population of the city. The number of employes of mills and factories are given as if these were running at full capacity. The population is classified at follows Ministers 14 Lawyers 4-^ Physicians etc 35 Newspapermen 14 Engineers and Arcliitects... 7 Total in profession 112 Merchants employed— ret'l 1 249' wholesale H) 1,29!) Dealers in drugs and medi- cines Eestaurantv'', saloons, etc 1()0 Total commercial men.. 1,455 Carpenters 800 Bricklayers. 150 Painters lUO Printers 50 Total members of trades outside of manufacto- tories, etc 600 Force in general offices N. & W. R. R 400 Yard men, track force, train men. etc 500 Total railroad men 900 Members real estate firms... 122 Employes real estate Arms.. 183 In Post Office In City Hall Municipal administration.. Total in public service... Roanoke Machine Works... American Bridge Works Roanoke Rolling Mills Crozer Iron Furnaces West End Iron Furnaces.... Bridge water Carriage W'ks. Tobacco Factories FlourMills 15 18 18 46 1,600 800 a50 250 200 40 50 50 Total in mills and fact's 2,940 Bankers and employes 40 Livery Stable., 80 Draymen 50 Livery and drays ... 130 Total adult male popu- lation as classified 6,428 Total population on ra- tio of 314 22,500 Roanoke Times, Jan. 22, 1891." Total real estate men. 305 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 29 DISTAIVCE TABLE. M Augusta. '. Atlanta Boston Baltimore Bel Air, Md Bristol Birmingham Burke ville Charlotte. Charleston.. Chattanooga Chicago Cincinnati Danville .... Denver Farm ville H age rs town Harrisburg, Pa Havre de Grace, Md. Jacksonville Kansas City Liberty ILE.S. 657 581 743 *2()0 281 150 530 124 872 610 400 1,029 644 120 l,7v^6 10.S 289 813 296 856 1,117 28 Lynchburg Luray Macon ... Montgomery Memphis Mobile Natural Bridge. .. New York.. New Orleans Norfolk Philadelphia Pittsburgh Petersbl)urg Richmond Staunton ,. Suffolk Savannah St. Louis Washington Wilmington, Del. Salem MriiKS. 53 153 594 629 703 709 40 446 .. 1,1.58 257 356 561 176 199 108 284 789 889 219 329 6 LAND OF OPHTR • Roanoke is the Land of Ophir to the merchant and trades- man, for about .$5,000,000 are paid to the laboring man year- ly — the class of men who deal the most liberally, and who are the strength of a growing city. The Norfolk and Western and Maryland and Washington division, (S. V.) road, alone, pays about |2, 500,000 to their employes per year, (the machine works pay out about a half million.) WHOLESALE TRADE. Roanoke's wholesale trade, per year, amounts to $1,500,000, and will reach $7,000,000 in live years more. There are splen- JO A Synopsis of Roanoke. did opportunities for men of experience and enterprise to make fortunes out of the wholesale trade. Roanoke has the -best openings in the South for drug stores, shoe houses, dry goods and notions, queensware, clothing, hats, etc. All wholesale merchants have made money, and one of the leading traders remarked : "Too much cannot be said in favor of the futures bright prospects. ' ' K. R. SPIKE MILL. Roanoke's R. R. Spike Mill commenced operation about the first of 1S91. It has a capacity of about 12 tons per day. The capital invested is |i5o, 000.00. Mr. W. Davis is manager, ROANOKE BLACK MARBLE. Roanoke has a company organized, with ^500,000 capital, to place this marble upon the market. It has stood tests that prove its superiority to the celebrated Belgium marble. It has resisted a pressure of one hundred thousand pounds, takes a cheaper and higher polish, known as the acid finish ; is freer from flaws, seams and spots than the above. The veins in many places lie at the surface of the ground. yiRGIlVIA'S R41VK In 1880 Virginia produced 17,906, and in 1890, 302,447 tons of iron, an increase of 284,541 tons for the ten years. In 1880 she ranked seventeenth in production, and in 1890, sixth in produc- tion, and fifth in actual increase. Her per cent, of increase was the largest of any in the United States, being over 1585 per cent., as against 150 per cent, for Pennsylvania. The demand for iron and steel is advancing with amazing rapidity. A Synopsis of Roanoke. 31 SOUTHERN TIMBER SUPPLY, The woodworking interest lias advanced in keeping with all other developments. There are 6,000 woodworking establish- ments ; southern sawmills have a yearly capacity of 45,000,000 feet. The output of sawmills in 18S9 was valued at $89,560,000 ; planing mills 16,825,000, sash, door and blind factories 13,228,- 000, and the value of naval stores was 18,265,000, a total of |io8, 178,000 against a production of $40,979,000 in 1880. HER CROWN OF IRON. A YEAR OF SOUTHERN PROGRESS. "■ Summing up the various points of growth and development, the total assessed value of property for 1890 is about $4,500,- 000,000, a gain of $270,000,000 over 1889, and of $1,600,000,000 over 1880. "The number of National Banks in the South is 590, with an aggregate capital of $90,763,705, an increase during the year of 104 banks and $10,935,000 in capital. Ten years ago the South had 220 National Banks, with a total capital of $45,408,985. According to the report of the United States Comptroller, the net earnings of all Southern National Banks for the twelve months ended November 30, 1890, were $10,- 523,783, or an average of ii>^ per cent, on the total capital. Only two Southern National Banks failed during the year, and both of these failures were due to dishonesty in management, according to government reports. "During the year 2,499 miles of railroad were built in the South, against 2,296 miles in 1889. The gross earnings of all Southern railroads fox the first eleven months of 1890 were $100,- 849,517, against $90,290,470 for the same time in 1889, an in- crease of $10,604,047. "The total value of foreign exports from all Southern ports for the first eleven months of 1890 was $268,293,000, an increase 1,141,000 over the corresponding months of 1889, while of 32 A Synopsis of Roanoke. the increase in the balance of the country was only 14,834,477 ; the increase at Southern ports being five times as great as the combined gains at all other United States ports. "The production of pig iron for the year foots up about 1,960,000 tons, or a gain of 395,000 tons over 1888, and of more than 1,000,000 tons over 1887. "The total production of cotton during the last six years has been 52,000,000 bales, worth, including the value of the seed sold, about |2, 300, 000,000, or an average of nearly ^400,000,000 a year. The consuLnptiDU of cotton by the Southern mills was 546,478 bales last year, against 266,000 bales in 1889, a gain of over 100 per cent. "During the year 3,917 new manufacturing enterprises, covering every variety of industry from tack works to steel works, were organize I in the South, making a total during the last five years of over 17,000 new enterprises." — Manufacturers Record. THE SOUTH IN A NUTSHELL. The following valuable table, showing the advance of South- ern progress during the last ten years, is taken from "The Tradesman, " compiled by them from census reports and re- turns from officials in each Southern State, and a careful study of this will convince the most skeptical that the Southland is the coming country. 1890. 1880. cj a u a 0) Population- Totals. . 17,556,920 00 • 11.361,996 00 6,194,924 00 297,000 00 378.019 00 14,6.38,936 00 9,007,187 00 5,631,749 00 Not known Not known 20 26 10 Whites Colored Northern immigrants, 10 years Foreign immigrants, 10 years A Synopsis of Roanoke. 33 18iK). 1880. ^* Northern born 475,980 00 680,428 00 l,789,8li2 00 8,844,057,164 00 9,751,815,63') 00 219 66 545 10 240,885 00 420,871 00 I,0ii9,.i26 00 2,164.155,795 00 95 Foreign bom. Towns of 10,000 and u}) Assessed wealth 51 94 78 Actual wealth Assessed wealth per capita Actual wealth per capita. 6,089,000,000 00 63 147 88 48 385 62 j 41 Indebtedness — State debts, nel 96,460,126 00 2'i,.5JJ,479 01) (i6.S()0,748 00 183,772,858 00 10,868,682 00 118,195,252 00 nS County debts, net 24,111,154 00 ='"-15. Municipal debts, net Total Annual interest.. 47,089,058 00 42 189,345,464 00 * 3 14,(H)0,884 m -29 Taxation- State tax per*l,000 Total taxation perfl,000... Total wtate revenues 4 00 13 80 26,533,260 00 1 4 60 ' *13 15 40 1 *10 13,249,866 00 100 Capital- Ban kins capital 171,690,670 00 2,;«9, 170,000 00 92,575,000 00 86 CaF'ital invested Not known Railroads- Mileage Men employed 41,118 00 188,731 00 4,059 00 8,124 00 108,709 00 765,968,221 00 745 666,062 00 l,801,19(i,740 00 1,094 00 4,200 00 46.402 00 j 19,572 00 110 86,250 00 ; 119 Locomotives Cars, passenger Cars, freight Capital stock Bonded debt Cost of equipment 612,000,000 00 111 Street rai road mileage Other railroad mileage Total railroad mileage 21,247 00 118 Manufactures— ments Capital Employes 56,714 00 551,488,900 00 587,086 00 742,865,200 (K) 20,150,000 00 834 00 1,811,791 00 40,415 00 545,250 00 54,191,600 00 1,058,200 00 27,810,836 0*^ 34,568 00 64 179,366,280 00 207 215,415 00 154 Value of product 315,924,794 00 ia5 Water power h p Cotton mills Spindles 161 00 542,048 00 11,898 00 180,971 00 16,a56,lS2 00 230,000 00 7,690,921 00 107 234 Looms 238 Bales cotton used 201 Value of products 231 Cotton seed, crushed Cotton seed products, value 360 267 Minerals- Pig produced, tons 1,684,663 00 117 00 188,625 00 17,536,456 00 26,307,674 00 712,789 00 85,608.615 00 290,772 GO 481 Furnaces Steel produced, tons Coal produced, tons Value 4,350 00 3,820,550 00 4,121 333 Precious metals, value 226,176 00 : 3,143.030 00 318 i,o:« 34 A Synopsis of Roanoke. 1890. 1880. 1 1— ( p, . Lumber— ! Acres in forest . ' 196,832,000 CO 2.39,007,000 00 47,655,2.50 00 102,122,100 00 123,998,800 00 Pine slaiiding, 1,000 feet.... Sawing capacity of mills, feet daily Value of lumber output . Value of total forest pro- ducts 35,685,151 00 46,979,062 00 183 164 Agriculture- Arable land acres 898,180,000 00 .51,273,148 00 15,329,000 00 2,126,000 00 125,862,600 00 75,511,429 00 120,750,000 00 15 82 7,77.5,215 00 340,268,605 00 8,0!M.03(;,s;-;3 00 390,981,550 00 31,278,.524 00 1.755,870 00 21,069,440 00 453,969,800 OO l,:i56,000 00 516,000 00 14,262,600 00 8,438,960 00 24,620,590 00 994,707,000 00 9,.540,357,9S2 00 49,962,4.56 00 555,905,138 00 1,931,930,815 00 Public laud. Lands redeemed during decside . i Farms 1,-551,067 00 37 Improved lands Crop lands Value of machinery Average montbly wages, farm labor 56,679,145 03 : 38 .67,272,.500 00 79 18 85 14 Cotton, bales 4,733,675 00 36 Value Value cotton for decade... 2.56,524,911 00 ' 33 Tobacco, pounds Value. Hay, tons Corn, bbls Sugar, bbls Molasses, bbls Potatoes, value Rice, value Fruit, value Total value of all farm products Total value of crops '80- '90 No. live stock 9,084,173 00 611,679,145 00 172 61 39,448,360 <.0 860,016,883 00 1,084,701.383 00 27 Value 54 Total value all products... 88 Education- Schools 66,647 00 74,055 00 .5,891,101 00 3,359,173 00 2,118,109 00 14,767,896 00 ' .56,181.370 00 a,012,029 00 44,260 00 j 49,182 00 4,423,620 00 ; 2,01S,()40 00 1,391.743 00 5,607,051 00 50 Teachers 51 Children of school age Pupils enrolled Attendances.. School revenues Amount for negro educa- tion since war 34 67 57 164 Negroes at school "Decrease. A Synopsis of Roanoke. 3$ BOULEVAKD OF PROGRESS. Roanoke has energy. Roanoke is "The Magic City." Roanoke has the confidence of the people ; no investor ever lost a dollar in her real estate. Roanoke has increased at the rate of five thousand per cent, in eight years. She pays out more money to the laborer than any other city in Southern Virginia. Her machine shops are among the finest in the country, and decidedly the largest in the South. About twenty million dollars are invested in industries. No worn out and unremunerative industry is accepted by her improvement companies. She has an inexhaustible supply of coal, iron and timber. She has the purest water in the State — a mountain spring. Her growth is solid, substantial and positive — her past proves this. She is an important railroad center. She is lighted by gas and electricity. She has fourteen miles of street railway. Her real estate has paid investors better than any other city because there have been no losses. She pays out $5,000,000 per annum to the working man. She has a magnificent climate. She has a splendid hospitality. She has a greater number of church-goers than any other Virginia city. Roanoke's Real Estate Transfers for 1890 amounted to 117,666,069. j6 A Synopsis of Roanoke. She has rapidly increasing wholesale and retail trade in four States. She is the center of a great nihieral region. She has the finest equipped and best managed hotels in the State. Roanoke has a hotel, built in 1890, that cost two hundred and fortN-five thousand dollars. She will be the largest inland city in the State. She has the smallest tax rate of any cit}" of her size. Her property has more than doubled in the last three years. Her monthly real estate transfers reach about a half million. Her bonds have sold at 105 ; at present 105^ is offered. She has more than one thousand houses in course of erection. She has splendid schools. She has fine churches. Roanoke's banks are in splendid condition and are growing stronger daily. Deposits trebled in twelve months ending end- ing November i, 1890. Roanoke's monthly real estate transfers, for 1890, average $1,472,172.50. Roanoke is nearly four miles in length. Roanoke manufactures her own iron at the rate of four hun- dred and fifty tons per day. She offers a fortune to truck farmers. She has a ready market for all farm products, as her people make money and live well. Roanoke has no vacant houses and cannot build them fast enough to equal the demand. Roanoke is a city of young men. Roanoke is the gateway to the South and Southwest. Roanoke has the "home" offices of the Norfolk and Western railroad system. A Synopsis of Roanoke. 37 Roanoke is " prosperous by purely American development." Roanoke has hundreds of wealthy citizens who reached her walls less than five years ago, poor but honest— cast ashore here by some chance wave of adversity. Roanoke is building eight splendid iron bridges. The Diamond Ice Company produces thirty tons of good ice per day. Roanoke's suburban residences are models of architecture. Roanoke has energy, capital, intelligence, prosperity, pro- gression, determination, confidence and success. Capital invested in Southern industries, in ten years, has increased two hundred and seven per cent. During the year 1890 2,499 niiles of railroads were biiilt in the South. In ten years, Southern school revenues have increased one hundred and sixty-four per cent. The South has 6,000 woodworking establishments ; her saw mills have a capacity of about 45,000,000 feet yearly. Southern coal output increased in the last ten years, three hundred and thirty-three percent., and pig iron, four hundred and eighty-one per cent. For the last half of 1890 the Southern production of pig iron was 1,000,000 tons net ; about forty thousand tons more than the first half of the year. Virginia's increase in the iron production was the largest in the United States in 1890, being o\ er fifteen hundred and eighty- five per cent, increase. In ten years she has passed from the seventeenth to the sixth State in the production of iron, and fifth in increase. Roanoke's banks had a deposit, January i, 1891, of $2,500,000. Roanoke has LESS contested and overdue paper in her banks than there in in any other banks of similar size and grade. Roanoke spent over $2,000,000 in building houses in 1890. j8 A Synopsis of Roanoke. Roanoke's Land and Improvement Companies have an authorized capital stock of more than |8, 000,000. Assessed value of property in the South, 1890, 14,500,000,000, a gain of $270,000,000 over 1889, and a gain of 1 1,600, 000, 000 over 1880. There are five hundred and ninety National Banks in the South with an aggregate capital of $90,763,705 — an increase during the 3'ear 1890 of 104 Banks and $10,935,000. Roanoke is in the midst of this grand industrial commotion, and is rapidly becoming the leading inland Southern city. Were all the furnaces in the United States to shut down to- day, the supply of iron on hand would last only twenty-one days. The population of the United States about doubles itself in twent}' years. This means an increase of two hundaed and twenty-five per cent, in the iron and steel consumption. The increase of exports at Southern ports was five times as great as the combined gains at all other United States ports, during 1890. This marvelous development develops more than "boom" towns — it builds large cities. Roanoke is one of these cities. Roanoke's scenery is picturesque and beautiful. Her mount- ains are aglow with an " orange-belted radiance," wooed by a Southern sun. A Syn&psis of Roanoke. 39 RAILROAD SCHEDULES. NORFOLK k WESTERN RAILROAD-WASHINGTON k MARYLAND Div. STATIONS. SOUTHBOUND. Lv. HAGERSTOWN ■ " St. James " Grimes " Antietam " Shepherdstown . . " Morgan's Grove . . • SHENANDOAH JC " Charlestown .... " Wheatland " Rippon " Gaylord " Berryville " Boyce " White Post " Ashby " Cedarville " Riverton " Front Royal .... " Manor . " Bentonville " Overall " RileyviUe " Elgin " LURAY '• Stanley " Ingham . ." " Grove Hill Ar. SHENANDOAH •• Lv. SHENANDOAH ■• Elkt.MX Port Republic . . . . GROTTOES Harriston Crimora BASIC Lyndhurst Lipscoml) Stuart's Draft . . . Greenville Lofton Vesuvius Mid vale Riverside BUENA VISTA - Loch Laird Thompson Buffalo Forge . . . . Glasgow NATURAL BRIDGE Arcadia Buchanan Lithia Nace Troutville Cloverdale Hollins Tinker Creek . . . Ar. ROANOKE No. 1. Daily. No. 3. Daily. 6 9 14 17 i8 23 28 33 34 36 40 46 49 53 56 59 62 66 73 76 80 96 loz 104 107 107 113 127 129 132 137 143 148 150 153 159 163 168 175 180 185 186 189 191 19s 199 209 214 219 225 228 232 234 236 239 11 15 PM 725 AM' 7-39 " 7.46 " 7.58 " 11 48 ;; 8.05 " 12 00 " 8.21 " 12 "AM 8.33 " 8.43 " 8.46 " 8.51 " 12 37 " 9.00 " 12 50 " 9.12 " 12 57 :: 9.20 " 1 9-3° " 1 9-37 " I 19 " 9-44 " ! I 25 1' 9.50 " 10.00 " I 49 II 10.20 " 10.26 " 10.35 " 10.51 " 2 20 " 11.00 " 11.17 " 11.35 ;; 11.39 3 00 " 11.45 " 3 05 II 11.50 " 12-02 P M 12-31 " II 12-55 " 101 " 1-14 " 4 14 II 1-27 " 1-38 " 1-43 " 1-49 " 205 " 215 " 2-27 " 2-42 " 254 " 5 34 II 307 " 3-09 " 315 " 3-20 " 3-32 " 6 04 " 3-40 " 403 " 6 36 II 415 " 4-28 " 4-43 " 4-50 " 4-59 " 503 " 5-09 " 7-35 " 5-15 " No. 27. Daily. 4 15PM 4-28 4-35 4-47 4-55 511 5-27 5-38 5-41 5-46 5-55 608 615 624 6-31 6-38 6-44 6-54 '7-10 716 7-25 7-37 7-45 7-58 814 8-19 8-25 No. 29. Daily. 5 00 AM 5-12 546 5-52 5-57 6.10 6.22 6-34 6:39 6-45 7.Q1 7. II 7.22 7-35 7-45 7-55 7-57 8-04 8.12 8.20 8.28 8.49 9.00 9.10 9.26 9-34 9-44 9-47 9-53 10.00 40 A Syttopsis of Roanoke. RAILROAD SCHEDULES. NORFOLK k WESTERN RAILROAD-WASHINGTON k MARYLAND DIV. STATIONS. NORTHBOUND. Lv. ROANOKE .. " 1 inker Creek .... 3 •' Holliiis ! 5 " Cloverdale 7 " Troutville 11 " Nace 15 " Lithia 20 " Buchanan 23 " Arcadia 30 - NATURAL BRIDGE 4o " Glastjow 44 " BulTalo Forge .... " Thompson 50 " Loch Laird 53 " BUENA VISTA 54 " Riversitle 59 '• Midvale 64 " Vesuvius 71 " Lofton 76 " Greenville 79 " Stuart's Draft ... 1 86 " Lipscomb .... " Lyndhurst 91 •' BASIC 96 " Crimora j 102 " Harristou 107 " GROTTOES "o " Port RL-public . . . 112 " ElktMii 126 Ar. SHENANDOAH • •• 132 Lv. SHENANDOAH ■ • 132 •■ Grove Hill 135 •' Ingham 137 " Stanley 143 " LURAY 150 " Elgin 154 " Rileyville 159 " Overall [63 " Bentonville 166 " Manor 172 " Front Royal .... 177 " Riverton " Cedarville 182 " Ashby . 186 " White Post 190 " Boyce 193 " Berry viile 199 " Gaylord 1 203 " Rippon 205 " Wheatland , 206 " Charlestown .... I 210 - SHENANDOAH JC. 216 " ^lorgaii s trrove . . 221 " Sheplierdstown . " Antietam : ^i:^ Grimes 230 " St. fames 233 Ar. HAGERSTOWN 239 A Synopsis of Roanoke. NORFOLK & WESTERN RAILROAD. 4r STATIONS. WESTWARD. \X Norfolk Suffolk Petersburg Petersburg Nottoway Crewe Burkeville High Bridge Farinville... Appoinattox. .. James Kiver Bd Lynchburg. Lynchburg Bellevue Bedford Blue Ridge Vinton Roanoke Roanoke.. Salem Christiansburg. Radford . Radford New River Pulaski Max Meadows Wytheville I Glade Spring i Abingdon i , Bristol I 23 SI 81 124 129 \m 145 150 181 li)9 204 204 220 229 24ti 255 257 257 204 290 301 301 303 316 329 337 3H0 394 408 No. 1. Daily. No. 3. Daily. No. 21. Daily. 10 40 " 12 30 A. M 12 40 " 2 15 " 2 35 " 2 45 " 9 15 " I 10 55 " 11 05 " 12 20 P. M. 12 35 " 12 45 " 32 t) 00 3 22 4 24 '5'20' 5 40 6 02 6 20 6 57 7 17 7 25 7 50 8 0(5 9 04 9 30 9 37 1 IS 2 IS 2 57 3 10 3 30 4 02 4 IS 4 54 10 09 10 36 10 52 12 22 12 47 1 15 P. M 5 20 5 40 5 55 fi 57 7 2" 7 25 7 31 ! 8 00 1 8 2ti i 8 44 10 25 110 .?2 11 20 No. 11. Daily. 10 GO P. M. 8 35 A. M.l 4 00 P. M. 8 10 A. M- ' 8 42 " 8 59 " 9 35 " ! 9 53 " 110 00 " 10 10 " ilO 20 " ,11 29 " 111 50 " 11 58 " 12 05 P. M. 12 32 " 12 59 " 1 35 '• 3 09 " 3 38 " 4 10 " The through Express, Solid Train between Norfolk and Richmond, arrive Richmond Daily 45 p. m. A PRIZE 1011 llOANOKE. While this little work was in press we learned that through the untiring efforts of Congressman Paul Edmunds and Post- master Asberr3^ Congress passed a bill granting 175,000 to Roanoke for a public building, which no doubt will be incceased to $150,000 before the building is completed. 42 A Synopsis of Roanoke. NORFOLK & WESTERN RAILROAD. STATIONS. EASTWARD. Lv Bristol *' Abingdon i( Glade Spring " Wytheviile <( Max Meadows.... (i Pulaski t( New River Ar. Radford Lv Radford ti Christ iansburg.... (i Salem Ar Roanoke Lv Roanoke (< Vinton Ik Blue Ridge (t Bedford t( Bellevue Ar. Lynchburg Lv. Lynchburg t( James River Bdg (( Appomattox ... i( Farmville (( High Bridge (1 Burkeville (. Crewe >( Nottoway Ar Pfitfirsburff JjV Pptftrshnrff <( Suffolk Ar. Norfolk W , No. 2. H Daily. 15 28 71 79 92 105 107 107 118 144 151 151 158 162 179 189 204 204 210 227 259 268 275 279 284 327 827 385 408 12 40 A. M, I 1 13 " i 1 42 " 1 3 16 " 3 83 " 4 02 " 4 85 4 40 5 01 5 59 6 15 6 20 i 6 52 " ! 7 28 " 7 40 " 8 10 " 8 40 " I 8 52 " ! 9 23 " 10 18 " No. 4. Daily. 5 55 P. M, 6 27 " 6 55 " 8 29 " 8 47 ■ " 9 15 " 9 42 " 9 48 " 9 55 " 10 25 " a 28 " a 40 " a 45 " 12 11 A. M 12 45 " 1 01 " 1 80 " 1 45 " ilO 47 " a 05 " 11 16 " 12 50 P. M. 1 00 " , 2 45 "' I 3 80 " 2 30 3 22 No. 22. Daily. 9 47 11 13 11 47 No. 12. Daily. 9 85 A. M 10 10 10 42 12 19 P. 12 85 20 46 52 00 20 8 17 3 85 3 40 8 48 4 07 4 42 4 59 5 80 M. The through Express, Solid Train between Richmond and Norfolk, leave Richmond 9.05 a. m. Dailj". NoTK.— Trainsstop only where time is given. A Synopsis of Roanoke. RICHMOND & DANVILLE RAILROAD. VIRGINIA MIDLAND DIVISION. SOUTHWARD. 43 STATIONS. Mis. No. 15. No. 37.* Daily. Daily. No. 11. Daily. No. 13. Daily. No. 9. Daily. Lv, Washington.. " Alexandria.... " Ravensvvorth ""7"' 17 19 23 26 32 36 46 U 10 p m 11 33 " 11 10 a m 11 33 " 11 20 p m 11 43 " 4 35 p m 5 02 " 5 27 " 5 32 " 5 40 " 5 50 " 6 02 " 6 15 " 6 43 " 8 30 a m 8 55 " 9 17 " " Burke's 9 23 " " Fairfax 9 32 " " Clifton 9 41 " " Manassas 12 22 a m 12 35 a m 9 53 " " Bristoe 10 03 " Ar. Calverton 12 43 am 10 22 " Lv. Calvertou 6 50 pm 7 25 " 5 15 p m 5 .50 " 10 25 a m " Warrenton 55 11 00 " Lv. Warrenton....! 7 45 a m Ar. Calverton 8 20 " Lv. Calverton '' Midland 46 50 67 79 84 12 43 am 6 43 pm 6 52 " 7 28 " 7 55 " 8 07 " 10 22 a m 10 30 " " Culpeper " Rapidan 1 19 am 1 47 a m 11 00 " 11 25 " Ar. Orange 11 38 " Ar. Madison 88 94 8 30 pm 8 45 " 8 07 pm 8 32 " 9 10 " 9 15 " 9 50 '• 10 39 " 11 30 " 12 01pm 12 15 " *' Gordonsville. Lv. Orange 84 95 113 113 128 150 172 172 199 211 238 1 47 a ra 11 38 a m " Barboursville 12 10 pm 12 50 " 12 55 " Ar. Charlotiesv'e Lv. Charlottesv'e 2 40 " 2 45 pm 2 50 " 2 55 a m 3 00 " " Covesville 1 27 " " Tye River Ar. Lynchburg.... Lv. Lynchburg ... 2 18 " 4 50pm 4 55 " 5 35 a m 5 40 " 3 00 " 3 15 " " Staunt'nRv'r " Fr'nkliu J'nc 7 13 a m S 25 " 4 45 " Ar. Danville 7 15 a m 5 55 " "Washington and South-western Vestibuled Limited. This train being composed entirely of Pullman cars, an extra rate of fare is charged 44 A Synopsis of Roanoke. RICHMOND & DANVILLE RAILROAD, VIRGINIA MIDLAND DIVISION. NuRTHWARD. STATIONS. Lv. Danville Mis. ■■27"' 39 66 66 88 110 125 125 142 153 No. 10. Daily. 10 22 a m No. 38. Daily. 11 15 Dm No. 12. Daily: 12 45 a m 1 48 " 2 17 " 3 20 " 3 25 " 4 12 " 5 00 " 5 35 " 5 40 " 6 17 " 6 40 " 6 00 a m 6 lb " 6 40 a m 6 53 " 7 40 " 8 17 " 8 25 " 10 25 a m 10 37 " 11 00 " 7 45 a m 8 20 " 8 25 am 8 45 " 8 55 •' 9 07 " 9 17 " 9 26 " 9 31 " 10 00 " 10 25 " No. 16. Daily. No. 14. Daily. " Fr'iiklin J'uc 11 24 " 11 50 " 12 55 p m 1 30 a ni 1 00 " 1 35 " " Htaunt'n Rv'r Ar. Lj'iieliburi?.... Lv. Lynclibui'g ... 8 30 a m " Tve Kiv^r 1 44 " 2 33 " 3 10 " 9 15 " " Covesville Ar. Charlottes v'e '3'26a m 9 59 " 10 30 " Lv. i^hariotte.sv'e " Barboursville Ar. Orange 3 30 " 4 07 " 4 30 " 3 25 " 11 05 a m 10 35 " 11 12 " 11 35 " Lv. Gordonsville " Madison........ 1 3 50 pm 4 05 " 10 30 a m 10 45 " Lv. Orange " Rapidan 153 159 171 188 192 4 30 pm 4 43 " 5 10 " 5 47 " 5 55 " 11 38 a m 11 48 '• " Culpeper " Midland 12 10 " 12 38 " Ar. Calverton 12 46 " , Lv. Calverton 6 50 p ni 7 02 " 7 25 " 5 15 p m 5 50 '• 1 15 pm 1 27 " Ar. Casanova 195 201 " Warren ton ... 1 50 " Lv. Warren ton ... 12 05 p m 12 40 " Ar. Calverton ■—■"—■— Lv. Calverton.. .. 192 202 20(1 211 215 218 221 231 238 5 55 p m 6 L5 " 6 25 " 6 38 " 6 48 " 6 55 " 7 01 *' 7 25 " 7 50 " 12 46 pm 1 10 " " Bristoe i 36 pm " Manassas 1 46 " " Clifton 1 56 " " Fairfax 2 06 " " Burke's 2 12 " " Ravensworth 2 18 " Ar. Alexandria ... 2 25 p m 2 48 " 2 42 " " Washington.. 6 53 am 3 05 " Washington and South-western Vestibuled. Limited. This tra being composed entirely of 'Pullman cars, an extra rate of fare charged. /CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO KAILWAY COMPANY. L 8 40 A. M. 11 00 A. M. 3 20 P. M. SCHEDULE IN EFFE^CT JANUARY 1, 1891. LEAVE RICHMOND. Daily for Old Point and Norfolk, Pullman Sleeping C Hi 11 ton to Old Point. Express daily for Cincinnati, Chair Car, Old Point Charlottesville, Pullnjan Sleeper Charlottesville to Ci cinnatti. Express daily for Old Point and Norfolk. Chair C Charlottesville to Old Point. to n- A Synopsis of Roanoke. 45 4 30 P. M. Accommodation, except Sunday, for Charlottesville. 10 30 P. M. TheF. F. V. Limited Daily. Pullman Sleeping Car Old Point to Hinton. Solid Vestibule irain with Dining Car and Pullmans, Chariottesville to Cincinnati and Pull- man (o Louisville. () 00 A. M. Local freight, except Sunday, for Charlottesville. TRAINS ARRIVE AT RICHMOND. 8 20 A. M. and 2 iio P. M. daily from Cincinnati. 7 45 P. M. Daily except Sunday, fi'om Clifton Forge. 10 oO A. M. and 45 P. M. daily from Norfolk. Station :— Broad street near Seventeenth. JAMES RIVER DIVISION. (Richmond and Alleghany Railroad.) LEAVE RICHMOND. 9 00 A. M. Daily for Lynchburg. Lexington and Clifton Forge. 4 30 P. M. Except Sunday for Lynchburg, connecting with a train leaving Lynchburg at H A. M. daily for Lexington and Clifton Forge, Sleeping Car attached. TRAINS ARRIVE AT RICHMOND. 6 30 P. M. Daily from Clifton Forge. 8 20 A. M. Except Sunday from Clifton Forge, Lexington and Lynchburg. Station :— Eighth and Canal streets. H. W. FULLER, G. W. STEVENS, General Passenger Agent. General Superintendent. Nelson acJ Myers, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL Roanoke, Va. oooocoooo For fanners, builders, housekeepers, paint- ers, blacksmiths, carriage and harness makers. ORDERS BY MAIL SOLICITED. Prices and information promptly and cheer- fully furnished. 46 A Synopsis of Roanoke. HOTEL ROANOKE ROANOKE, VA. o 0.0 o o 0000 ooooooocooo Lately Iroprov^Bd and Beautifully Purnislied 9^ 00 00 0000 00 cooo oooo This hotel, modeled on the beautiful Queen Anne style of architecture, is located on a high ridge in the ver}^ heart of the city, commanding a magnificent view of the "Eternal hills " — vine-clad and forest- crowned, and is decidedly the besthotel in Roanoke. The cuisine department is second to none. The servants are well trained and attentive. Sample rooms are furnished to commercial men. All charges and rates are rea- sonable. The beautiful grounds surrounding it and splendid location make it one of the most desirable re- sorts of Virginia. Fred. E. Foster. MANAGER. ■^^^r A Synopsis of Roanoke. ^y H S iLVKRT H ORN ^i^ I 912 MAIN STREET, LYNCHBURG, VA. 8 SALEM AVENUE, ROANOKE, VA. V/ATCHES, DIAMONDS, JEWELRY, I L V ^_^ 6o 1 y y Repairing and adjusting .^ ; FINE WATCHES AND CHRONOMETERS a Specialty. JlV j H. SILVERTHORN. IVT I L. B. H IFF, Manager. ! 8 Salem Ave. Roanoke, Va. 48 A Synopsis of Roanoke. HOTEL ronCE DE LEOH ROANOKE, VA. This magnificent six-story hostlery, containing 130 rooms, stands at the corner of Commerce and Campbell streets, just completed at a cost of $245,000. Its frontage of plate glass windows, its beautiful architectural design, its wealth of tropi- cal plants, its elegant furniture, which is not surpassed by any hotel in the United States, and its superb apartments, make it the most attractive and desirable hotel in the state. The view of the surrounding mountains is the delight of the tourist, j The cuisine department contains the best that can be had. The attention paid to guests is not equaled by any other hotel in Virginia. There are all the comforts that can be offered to the public — such as bath rooms, reading room, barber shop, * elevator, toilets, billiard room, and well trained and polite at- „ tendants, etc. The location is in the very center of the city, which, with the superb sample rooms, make it the best com- mercial Louse in Roanoke. Terms are very reasonable. Pas- engers are conveyed to and from every train. C. G. Smith is owner and proprietor of this handsome and luxuriously furnished house, of which Hon. John Wanamaker said : "It was the handsomest upholstering that my house ever furnished for any hotel." Private bathrooms and toilets com- municating with each suite of rooms. a A Synopsis of Roanoke. 4g 134 Salem Avenue, Roanoke. Va. 134 ' sniDER k nncDnin • Are the Leading Wholesale and Retail Dry Goods Firm of Southwest Virginia. We win cnstoni by Advertising ; We hold it by Fair Dealing. We carry a large stock, and buying in such large quantities we are able to compete with any firm in price or quality. We ask you to call and examine our stock, and if we cannot sell you goods, we will have adver- tised ourselves and gained your good will. You will save money by dealing with Snyder & MacBain, agents for P. Centemeri & Co.'s kid gloves and Butterick Patterns, Our goods are first class and are just as we represent them to be. 134 Salem Avenue, Roanoke, Va. 134 50 A Synopsis of Roanoke. Budwell Kferistian & Barbee ROANOKE, VA. ■rC>= «5= s'C^s ;Jr ?os .K>» i<5S "Nss S'^s (TOt «>» «>s C'^ .-C< >o: ^as^^5;^^X>»•^C>»^<&^<^0»so■?<»^^SS^«SS^'C>s^oa^Dc^Sff^sc'0^<:'^s<:'0»5'OSl?C)S;'^ lOl JEFFERSON STREET. Physicians Supplies a Specialty. Mail orders receive Prompt Attention. We guarantee as low prices for the same grade of goods as can be had in any city in the State. YOUR PATRONAGE SOLICITED. ROANOKE THE BELL PRINTING & MFG. CO., ROANOKE, VA, •'"'»^'^i2-2 1 ;;r'A '6 \^-V) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 415 467 8