G8568 Class F~4 Bonk - > - :_ ('<*?■ cor sir. "? Green Rioer Countrp ILLUSTRATED ■ — -^ ' r — *= .4 — A-.» •->m, mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmr t Its Resources, Traffic, Towns and People EDITED AND COMPILED BY W. P. PUBLISHED BY J. S. REIL 1898 2nd CO P Y. — Price. On fttt'.M 1898. E DOLLAR. TWC COPIES ntCElVED - '» Art of Ctmgrrtl. I* Ihr yrai MM B\i J S MeiUy, Im Ike oftntfikt UorarUm of Cm- grru, it HaitujM, 1 I vSVl/^ ^l\^> MRS. POTTER PALMER. OF CHICAGO. WHO WAS BORN AKD 8PIICT H1K IAK!V [in III Hl'Tt «K OOOWTT MAH WOODBURT IT.. 05 OHIIS RIVIR — THE — GREEN RIVER COUNTRY FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE, ITS TRAFFIC, ITS RESOURCES, ITS TOWNS IND ITS PEOPLE. EMBRACING A HISTORY OF THE IMPROVEMENTS OF THE GREEN AND BARREN RIVERS. AND A DESCRIPTION OF THE MINERALS AND COAL MEASURES OF THE COUNTIES BOR- DERING ON THESE STREAMS. ILLUSTRATED. EUITED AM' COMPILED I'.v w. P. GREEK 1 PUBLISHK.ll I1Y .1. s. MKII.l.V, EVANSVIIXK, INI'HM 1898. INDEXED ( TN» uilin nuwrimi oo. IVAIIIIVIILI IHD PREFACE. INCE the acquisition of the improvements on the Green River system of water-ways by the General Government in 1888, and the opening of the system to free navigation, a marked increase of development has occurred throughout the region affected. This development is still in progress and is being accelerated as the resources and capabilities of this section of Kentucky become known and appreciated. The design of this work is to call attention to this development in some of its most impressive phases and to point out in a general way the very substantial basis of natural resources on which it rests. In pursuance of this design, the effort has been to bring into prominent view these resources and to describe somewhat in detail the industrial, the social and the commercial aspects of the country. Descriptions of the principal cities and towns, of the educational institutions, of the manufacturing and mining industries, and biograph- ical sketches of leading citizens and public men, together with illustrations representing views on the rivers, of public and private buildings, manufacturing and mining plants, and prominent individuals, are features of the work adopted to this end. A minute digest of the subjects treated is not attempted, but it is the expectation of the author that enough information may be gleaned from these pages to excite inquiry in regard to the resources of the Green River country. The scope of the work embraces only the counties lying immediately on the navigable streams, and which to a greater or less extent, are interested in their navigation. These counties are Warren, Butler, Edmonson, Ohio, Muhlenburgh, McLean, Webster, Daviess and Henderson. Some of these counties are almost wholly dependent on the rivers for the means of transportation, while all of them, including others not considered, are benefitted by their relation to this highway of commerce. In the hope that his effort will prove of some utility in bringing into notice and stim- ulating the further development of the resources of this portion of his native land, the author dedicates this work to the people of the Green River country. THOU BOUNTEOUS RIVER GREEN. Br W P GREENE TJp where the rocky masses, Their rugged summits rear, Beside the lonely passes And sunless chasms near, T'hy rills are softly creeping Among the cedar shades. Or lying idly sleeping In silent grassy glades. y^wake, and downward leaping, O'er steep-descending ways, To where the sun-light, peeping, On rock borne lichen plays. (gliding now through arbors green, O'er pebbled pavement, gray, With slower, statelier mien, Thy current takes its way. T'hy strength and volume swelling. Now through the forest hoar, Thy murmurs sweetly telling Of bounties in thy store. Qn where theifields are smiling, 'Neath golden summer sky. Thy hastening steps beguiling, To stay where sun-beams lie. Qn where thy tide, increasing, To human hands is lent, Its volume still unceasing, Its power still unspent. T*hrough limestone ledges grinding, Past sky-perched groves of green, Oer spacious caverns winding, Where wondrous things are seen. f>Jow, thy waters waxing deep, The walls of cities lave; Lordly homes thy margins keep. And commerce seeks thy wave. ^till on past furnace, glaring, O'er hidden beds of ore, Where axe and pick are sharing The wealth of Nature's store. fsjow, on thy bosom, surging, Deep-laden crafts are seen. The needs of commerce, ureing, Thy busy ports between. Qn past the teeming meadows And spreading fields of corn, Beneath the deepening shadows, Past villas newly born. "fhine emerald waves now minele With larger, grosser tides. But still thy spirit lingers Where e'r thy name abides. Qh, child of the mountain height! Rill of the cedar dell! Well hast thou proved thy might, Thy race has ended well. Confederate with the seas, On mission yet more grand. Thou art lifting to the breeze The sails of every land. jyjer^ed in the common Main, And lost thy pleasing sheen. Still glad thousands voice thy fame, Thou Bounteous River Green. GREEN RIVER. Til]-", topographical lormation of eastern and middle Kentucky is such that the dip of the country from the mountain ranges on the east and south of the state is towards the Ohio River. The rivers therefore that furnish drainage to the entire section arc a part of the Ohio system of waters. One of the principal channels of drainage for middle Kentucky is Green River, so named from the color of its water, which unless dis- VIEW ON GREEN RIVER TWO MILES ABOVE CALHOUN colored by earthy washings from its shores by heavy rains, is as green as the foliage upon its banks in summer. Green River and its tributary waters drain about twenty-five counties of the state. It has its origin in Lincoln county and touches or flows entirely or partially through Casey, Adair, Taylor, Green, Hart, Edmonson, Butler, Ohio, Muhlenburgh, Hopkins, Webster, McLean, Daviess and Henderson counties. Big Barren River, which is the principal tributary of the Green, rises in Monroe county, passes through Allen, Barren and Warren counties, and joins Green River at the northwest extremity of the latter county about thirty miles I. clow the city of Bowling Green, and one hundred and sixty miles from its mouth. Barren River in its passage through Warren county receives the tributary waters of Drakes Creek and the Caspar River, both t sidcral.lc stream-, having 10 ! Ill GREEN RIVEB ' "I M l;> CAMPING PARTY BARREN RIVER tlnir origin in Simpson and l>"'_ r aii counties. The other principal tributaries of Green River are Mud River, Rough River and Pond River. Mud River rises in Logan county, passes through Butler and Muhlenburgh counties, and empties into th I :it Rochester, cmc hundred and twenty-six miles from it- mouth. Rough River, u< \t to thi Barren, the -i affluent "I the Green, rises in Hardin inty, forms the boundary between Brecken- ridge and Grayson inties, flows through Ohio count} and empties into the Green at Livermore, eighty-eight miles above its mouth. Pond River rises in Todd county, flows through Hopkins, Muhlenburgh and McLean counties and enters the Green at Ashbys- burgh, seventy miles from it- mouth. Besides these there are numerous creeks and springs thai contribute their waters t" the main channel ><\ drainage until their united volume Btitute a fluvial highway sufficient t" float an immense ami i This system of waters is of the most interesting on the American continent. All along these rivers and creeks are vast tracts of timber lands of the verj choicest of all kinds of bardw I timber. Coal and iron ore abound. The acenerj along the banks of the streams will vie with that ol the Rhiue or I [udson,and i~ like \ r iews of the kaleidoscope, ever- changing, ■ • \ i r 11 e w . • rrand and pei |" ndicular cliffs and solid lime or sandstone ledgi s, rising hundreds of feet, meet the view, while from these cliffij the land ex- tends in rolling table- lands, dotted « ith farms ,.i covi red w iili majestic fori Bts, nr it may !><• I>"t- t"in lands, surpassing in REMOVING OBSTRUCTIONS IN ROUGH RIVER fertility the N ill- o-lllit r\ PROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 1 I The Green and Barren rivers have been used since the first settlement of the country in the transportation of flatboats and for the transportation of timber and lumber rafts to the mills and markets of Evansville. In the early days of flatboat navigation, perilous and tedious as it was, the hardy pioneers of the Green River country did not hesitate to til out their frail crafts for a voyage that would occupy months. These rude lioxes loaded with staves, hoop-poles, lumber, lime, or produce were floated to the Ohio, thence on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to New Orleans, or the plantations on the lower rivers and bayous. Prior to the improvement of the rivers by the construction of locks and dams, this method of transportation was exceedingly perilous on account of timber obstructions and shoal water, and was seldom attempted except in the winter and spring when the rivers were high. After the improvement of the rivers, however, the navigation for flatboats was more secure and much of the produce of the country found its way to southern plantations by this means. But with the advent of steam navigation and railroads VIEW ON GREEN RIVER. NEAR ROCHESTER. this method of transportation fell into disuse, and now except an occasional lime boat, no flat boat of the old box pattern is seen on Green River. In general the soil in the Green River valley may be designated as either calcarious or alluvial. On the upper waters of both the Green and Barren rivers, except in the low valleys and bottom lands, the soil partakes largely of the lime ingredient imparted by the limestone on which it rests. The subsoil here is of red clay, while the surface soil is a sandy loam, peculiarly adapted to the growth of wheat and tobacco. The character of the soil along the rivers gradually changes as they near their junction. Masses of hills and ridges seem to have collected to witness the meeting of the waters, and the lime and sand- stone formations appear to struggle for the mastery. But finally the limestone sinks away and leaves the field to the domination of his yellow brother, occasionally peeping up by \\a\ of showing that he has not entirely given up the struggle, but will later on assert his 12 I ii i GKK1 n IM\ l i: i OI N l i:v mastery in another part of the field. The two rivers unite their waters on the southern border "t Butler county, and at the northwest corner "t Warren a nnty, thirty miles below Bowling Green, and one hundred and seventy miles above Evansvillc. Prom 1 1 > i — point on through it- entire course Gre< n River flows through and upon the coal fields "t i li<- Western coal district oi Kentucky. The -"il in the valleys and bottom lands assumes the characteristics "t :i Bandy or clayej loam, very rich and fertile, while the ridges and table-lands carrj a soil < posed of sand and white clay, thin and somewhat liable i" wash ii not properly bandied, but exceeding!} well fitted for grazing ami fruit grow ing. Lock No. 1 is located a fe« hundred yards below the junction "I the rivers, securing navigable waters on either river tor twenty miles above. As the river flows on toward the < >iiii> the bottoms widen and the hills and ridges gradually reced< from the shore and lose their boldness. The hollowa between the ridges open up into considerable vallevs, and the general face "I the countn undergoes a change from that "I extreme ruggedness t" comparative uniformity of surface. I'lii- aspect "I the country becomes re pronounced as the river advances in it- course until wide stretches "I undulating table-lands or second l><>tt begin i" appear in Butler, Muhlenburgh, Ohio and Webster counties. A- the river -inU- deeper into 1 1 » » - alluvial deposits of the section in its passage to the Ohio, this character of land becomes more and more the prevailing feature oi the countrj until in McLean, Daviess and Senders unties the second 1 >• >t (• >m lands ol Green R i v .• r blend with the sec I bottom lands of the Ohio River. Buch in brief is a de- scription of the water courst - « lii'-h form the navigable water waj the Green River system « Inch are now bj cession and purchase the prop rrj of the I nitiil States I ernment. Ii will be gath- ered from ilii- description that the natural featun - oi the region traversi 'I bj the stn am- are greatly di- versified. The average ele- vation above sea level "I the Btreams in their upper tiroes, is about sis hun- dred feet, while at the i th of Green River the elevation is about five hundred, showing thai the river from the head of na\ igation t" it- final debouohure into the < )hio has aocom- plished a descent of about one hundred I THOMAS LANDING ON BARREN RIVER l'l;o\l BOWLING (iREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 13 HISTORY OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE RIVERS. BY HON. C. II MCELROY. OP BOWLING OREEN F^ARLY in the history of Kentucky the navigation of Green River and its improve- j^ ment, and the improvement of its chief tributaries engaged the attention not only of the people who lived near the waters of these streams, hut of the state at large. The fact that Green River and its affluent streams drain a vast area of land rich in mineral, abound- LOCK AND DAM No 5 ON GREEN RIVER. UNDER CONSTRUCTION AT GLENMORE. ing in timber, and also a splendid agricultural country, was known and appreciated at a time when the white man and the Indian were still rival claimants for the dominion of the state. The splendid system of locks and dams, reaching from the mouth of Green River to Bowling Green, on Barren, whereby navigation is practical all the year for nearly two hundred miles, had a very humble origin, and the ] pie who now enjoy the fruits of the enterprise of Kentucky in building these locks, and the effect of subsequent Governmental ownership and control, have forgotten, very generally, the early struggles of the pioneer fathers in their efforts to secure the navigation of this stream. In 1808 the legislature of Kentucky passed an act hiving upon the counties contiguous 1 1 I III OREI \ RIVER 'i)i \ i BY to the wal • Green River, the responsibility of clearing the stream and keeping it in navigable condition. This act \\:i- analogous t" the old system of working the county roads. It required the appointment "of 'oversee rs, and required them t" "warn in the hands" in July, Anmi-t ami 8« pu nil" r, :in>l "work it" l>\ removing all li-li- pots, all dams nol author- ized by law, :ill l'"_ r -. ami to cut and clear awaj all projecting timber, i" Bhrub all points ol inlands ami remove any obstruc- tions Irom tin' channel. "Hands" were exoner- ated by tin- paymenl "t seventy-five cents per day. By act -t 1810 Mml River, from it* mouth to Wolf Lick fork, was re- quired tn In- opened and RBBUILDING LOCK AT RUMSBY U . - , ,t ill I. jKlil l.v mitlay of t\N" thousand dollars, to !»■ raised by subscription and work nf "hands." Barren River, from it* mouth to Bays l< > rk . was required to l»' improved on the same plan. Likewise Rough Creek ami Drakes Creek. In 1 *•".'_'-•". the question of internal improvements was widely discussed, and became the all-absorbing local question before the people of the state. \- earlj as 1833 the state expended five hundred and twenty-six dollars in making preliminary surveys ol Green River. < >n July 1st, 1834, lock and dam No. 2 was lei ti'i" < struction. October 7th, 1834, No. 1 was let. No.3 and No. 1 were lei in 1836, and No. 1 in Barren River was lei in June, 1836. In January, 1835, the Board ••! Green River Commissioners reported to the legislature thai tl -t of constructing the Imir locks on Green River and the one on Barren River would be about $230,988. How far the board missed the mark was si en when the cos! fin- ally footed up $859,126.79. The year 18 12 saw the Goal completion of all the five locks, and all the year round navigation between Bowling Green and the Ohio River was an accom- plished t'ari. To the inaugurati I tlii- splendid work and to it- final consummation, much credil is due a number of men, l>m to no one perhaps is more credit due than t" James Rumsej skill-, who was on< of the most progressive, liberal and broadminded nun the state ever produced. Whilst the system of Black water navigation baa always been, now is, and in all the future will be of inestimable benefit to the people ot the Green River country, still it was never a source of revenue t.i the state. Between the years 1843 and 1865, the gross expenditures on the Hi f navigation were 313 66 and the gross receipts, $265,002.59, thus showing a net loss during this period ,. i 1,81 L.07. FROM ROWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILEE 15 During the war the locks were injured more or less, and shortly after its close the legislature was confronted with the question of what should be done with this property which had cost the state nearly $900,000, which had fallen into bad repair, and which was not self-sustaining. The legislature solved the problem, whether wisely or unwisely, has always been a vexed question, by leasing the improvements for a period of thirty years to a private corpo- ration, known as the Green and Barren River Navigation Company. Under the contract between the state and the company it was stipulated that the company should have the con- trol of the locks during the term of the lease, that it might collect the tolls for passing the locks, which the state was entitled to collect, and that the company should keep the works in repair at its own expense and return them at the expiration of the term in the same condition as when received, and the company was required to give bond and surety in the sum of $500,000, that it would comply with its contract. The company took charge about 1868. The profit to it from tolls was no greater than it had been theretofore to the state, and the amount thus realized was not sufficient to keep the works in repair, but the company ran boats of its own, and being compelled to pay no tolls, boats owned by persons other than the company were at a great disadvantage, the result of which was that the company had practically a monopoly of the freight and passenger business of the rivers, between Bowling Green and the Ohio. In 1878 the question of ceding Green and Barren Rivers anil also Kentucky River which had also been leased to a private corporation, began to be agitated, and a few years thereafter the legislature ceded both rivers to the general government sub- ject to the lease. In 1888 the government bought from the Green and Barren River Navigation Com- pany its unexpired lease, and paid therefor the sum of $135,000, and thus the Green and Barren Rivers and their navigable tributaries passed from the control of Kentucky into the possession of the Federal Government. BROWNS LOCK, LOCK No 1. ON BARREN RIVER. THE ABERDEEN COAL AND MINING COMPANY S STEAMER JNO. T. CARSON AND BARGES COMING OUT OP LOCK. H. Till ORRf N Kl\ IK OOI N I KV [m mediately upon acquiring the ownership and possession <>i the locks and dams on and Barren Rivers, the government began the «»rk <.t patting them in thoroagh repair, and appropriated t" rebuild the locks which could not be repaired, $170,000, and in addition there was expended from allotments $616,815.41. Besides this, $95,000 have been appropriated toward the building "f ;i new lock and dam on Green River, above the mouth of Barren, and when this lock Bhall have been finished, it will open navigation as tar a- Brownsville, the count) Beal "t Edmonson county. The commercial importance "i Green and Barren Rivera will !»• readily Been by an inspection of the statistics kepi bj the governmenl since it t<»ik charge of them in Decem- ber, 1888. The i ml;, in 1890 was 907,1 16, a large pari of which was timber, logs, The increase in articles other than timber besl illustrates the growing increase in trade. In GOVERNMENT BUILDING KKBPERS RESIDENCES) AT LOCK No 1. BARREN RIVBR AHKKDKIN COAI. AND MININU COMPANY 8 8TIAUIR J. T CARSON. IN LOCK 773 tons ..I flour were transported; in 1896, 1,642 tons. In 1890, 1,431 tons oi grain; in 1896, 3,074 tons. In 1890, 182 tons ol lives k; in U >70tons. In 1890, : tons of merchandise : in 1896. 18,701 tons. Plying these rivers, the whole distance and pari ..t the distance, are i l< ven pass, steamers, fifteen ton boats and Beven tug boats, varying in capacity from I I tons for the smallest tug boat, up to 199.99 for the largest steamer The activity "l these crafts is shown by the following itemised account "I total num- : lockages, taken from the report ..I the governmenl officials in oharge <>f the rivers, for the year ending June 30, I - Lock No. 1, Green River, 1,067; No. 2, 2,206; No. 3,2,108; No..4, 2,263. Look No. I. Barn d River, 1,261. The work of constructing the new lock on the upper Green River i- being pressed with FROM BOWUNO GREEN TO KVANSVIIJ-K. 17 vigor, and when finished will open up to successful development the hidden and hitherto inaccessible treasures of iron and coal which abound in Edmonson county everywhere. The Green and Barren River Navigation Company, mentioned above, was composed dt some of the most substantial and enterprising men in the Green River country. The organizers of the corporation and the owners of its stock for many years were ( 'apt. W. S. Yanineter, Capt. C. J. Vanmeter, Judge W. H. Payne, Captains John A. Robinson and E. B. Seeley, Messrs. (_'.( i. Smallliouse, William Brown, J. V. Sproule and Dr. S. NT. Coombs, who bought out the interest of H. C. Murrell, of Louisville, Kentucky. Under the man- agement of these gentlemen the company did a large and very profitable business, making handsome profits above the necessary expenditures in keeping the locks and dams in repair. In consequence of the fact that the company had no tolls to pay for its own steamboats and water craft, boats owned by others than the company could not compete with it, and this resulted in giving it the navigation of Green and Barren Rivers practically free from STEAMER GAYOSO OP E.. & G R TRANSPORTATION CO . AND LOOK AND DAM AT WOODBURY. competition. This fact created animosity, and though the company maintained a good line of boats, and the freight charges were, for the most part, reasonable, many efforts were made to get rid of the contract which the state made with the company. The legislature passed an act to repeal the charter and sought to abrogate the contract, but the courts, including the court of appeals, all held that the contract was binding upon the state and she could not annul it. The company therefore remained in full possession until the United States Govern- ment bought its unexpired lease as stated before. All the members of I lie company have passed away except Capt C. -I. Vanmeter. Capt. C. (J. Smallliouse and Capt. E. B. Seeley. The corporation had a prosperous, though rather stormy existence, and before the government purchased its lease it became the subject of somewhat violent political contro- versy. But it held its own to the last, and did much to develop the commercial resources of the country drained by the two splendid rivers from which it took its name. IHl GREEN l:lVl R COUN1 l:V LOCATION OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON GREEN, BARREN AND ROUGH RIVERS AND TABLE OF DISTANCES ON SAME. Look and dam No. 1 on Green River i- located al Spotteville,' twenty miles above Evaosville, and ten miles above the month of the river. The distal from Spotteville to next landing above and between landings thereafter is ji\ en in table below : I ,, Blufl City ■■ Maaoni Landing " Cummini Birk City Hamilton! Ferrj urdaville l topii Delaware - . 4 Miles .: I I » :: 4 8 5 l :, " This is the landing i"i Si bree City, i \m> and a hall miles inland. I a Steamporl . 1 MUe Pattei «on< .'■ Mitea ■ l I Mile •• WrighUburgh . . 1 Mile This i- the landing for Beech Grove, three miles inland. I I 1 Mile .... 3 ' ■ Mouth of Pond Rlvei ... 1 Mile Runuej 1 Mile* This is the location "I look and dam N _', making the distance between looks N 1 ami 2, - i \ t \ miles, which is the greatest distance between any "I the locks on the ii\ er. '1 1 Ivermore ■• Stanley! Mine " Poinl Pleaianl Humpl Snaalil . . Miles - . 1 2 Miles ■• •■ 4 8 .. " \ir.ln-. Gen'l Buell'i home 6 " 1 Mile This is the location of lock and dam N 8, and the distance between t li i~ lurk and lock No. - is fort} -six miles. To Mi.ii.i_ i \ ..-'in ■• Prei • i' unwell " 1 1 1 > .t 1 1 - 10 Miles 1 Mile 4 '■ 1 Mile To Wilson 4 Mi| C s i\en le . 3 •• Aberdeen .... 4 *■ M _;antown .... t " 1 Mile S I Mile* ■• Woodbur) •-' This is the location of lock ;ni• >i ■ ■ t Barren River enters ' Sreen River. The in \t landing above \V Ibun on Barren River is : ro C irk« Mouth "i i laapai Rivet " Tone*' Hole 1 1 •• Brown'* locks ... 6 Miles I 8 " 1 Mile This is the location ol lock and .lam No I "ii Barren River, the only lock <>n thai river. The distanci betweeu tlii- lock and the • below al Woodbury is sixteen miles. The next landing <>n Barren River is Bowling Green, fourteen miles above. This i- tin bead of navigation on Barren River. The landings "ii Green River above W Ibury arc. Glenmore, twenty-one miles, which is the sit.' of lock and dam No. 5, under construction. The next land- ing abov< Glenmore is Brownsville, nine miles, which is the bead ol navigation "ii < Ii. . ii Rivt i . Surveys and estimates have been made, however, for a sixth lock and dam, at a point aliniii six miles above Brownsville, which, it' constructed will extend Black water t" the Mammoth < a\ e, fourth a miles tri'in Brownsville, and render the river navigable to thai point. The landings on Rough River are t li>- locks nine miles aboi i Liver >■ and Hartford, twenty miles abo\ >• the locks on Rough Ri\ er. Thus ii will be seen thai the Green River -\ -t. in "I Black water ua\ -. . two hundred and Bixtj miles of navigable water and affords transportation'facilities i" ..\ . r t"iir thousand square miles ■■! territorj . FROM BIIWl.INi; (iREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 19 GREEN RIVER COAL MEASURES. BY CHARLES J. NORWOOD, GEOLOGIST AND MINING ENGINEER. AND FOR THIRTEEN YEARS STATE MINE INSPECTOR OF KENTUCKY THP] Western coal field of Kentucky, covering 1,500 square miles, is a remarkable basin of fossil fuel, less understood abroad and even less appreciated at borne than are many other coal areas of much less value. It is remarkable not only for the Dumber of work- able eoals thai have been laid down with- in short vertical dis- tances of each other, lmt also for the per- sistence of the beds in area! extent. It is doubtful whether, all things being consid- ered, there is a more valuable tield of bitu- minous coal, of like area, anywhere in this country. There are fields containing patches, more or less considerable in size, of thicker coals and of coals of higher grade; but there is none excelling it, and few, if any, equaling it in the wonderful evenness and persistency of the principal seams — with respect as well to quality as to thickness. The bete noir of miners in certain of the more highly prized Appa- lachian fields — " wants" or sand-bars in the coal seams — is almost unknown in this field; so much of an exception, indeed, as to provoke especial comment when encountered. Moreover, for ordinary domestic purposes, and for manufactories, one need wish for no better fuel than can be furnished by this field, while some of the coals make a coke of proved excellence for all purposes, save the iron furnace. Within a vertical range of 1,000 to 1,200 feet there are not less than seventeen beds of coal, eleven of which are usually workable, and six of the eleven almost invariably so. for the purposes of this volume it is unnecessary to present a description of the structure of the basin, or to enter upon details relating to the order in which the coal beds occur, f but for convenience of reference further along, the following notes concerning the principal seams wrought in the Green Rive]' region are given: The uppermost coal that has been worked over any extended area, though perhaps not the uppermost workable one, is N T o. 12, according to the numbering (from base upward) I Reference should be made '■• the reports of the Kentucky Geological Survey, issue l by Dr. D. I» Owen and by Prof. x. s. Shalei i be reports ol Prol C. i Norwood, late Chief [nspi i toi ol Hines, etc.. especially i"r the years 1898 and 1895, m ■ lilted with profit. The report for 1895 contains the mo sneral account of the coals in this field that b been published, each bed being fully described. VIEW NEAR PARADISE. LOOKING UP STREAM I HE GREEK Ml BB < "i M l:V adopted bj Dr. D. D. Owen, or coal A., according to the provisional nomenclature used bj \| I .1 Norwood, li i- an excellent coal when well developed, and in the Green River \;illi\ i- usual I) thick, frequently reaching seventy-two inches and osionally • - i ^r 1 1 1 % inches in thickness. When at it- besl it carries comparatively little sulphur, and makes Inn ;i Urate quantity of ash. It is finely developed al Airdrie, in Muhlenburgh county, i- ■■! excel lenl quality, and makes a g I '-"kr. V. II '(coal B) is "i f the principal sources "t c mercial fuel in the Beld. It i- iiuite persistent and is usually thick, reaching as high as eighty- four inches. The upper part ••( the bed i- sometimes cannel, but of a rather | 'quality. It is an excellent coking coal, ;i considerable proportion of the Earlington coke being made from tlii- bed. Mo. 9 (coal l*i i- a remarkable coal bed, wonderfully uniform in nil respects ; regular in bedding, extraordinarily persistent, •-■■ii— t:ii»i in thickness, aud varying but little in quality through long distances. It carries more sulphur and makes more :i-li than the besl Pittsburgh, for example, but it is a sti g coal, makes great heat and is a very desirable fuel. Probably 75 per cent "I the commercial product <•! the field is derived fr thi- seam. It is rarely less than fifty-eix inches thick, and nol infrequent!) reaches Bixty-six inchea. It makes an excellent domestic :m better, and in some instance - nol bo p I, beds are wrought. There is a great acreage ol coal that niaj I"- readily shipped in i pe- tition with upper Ohio River mines; may be shipped, reover, practically the year round, and at times when low water "r ice bars the waj from those mines t" lower Ohio and \| ssissippi l;i\ • r ports. There are few better coals for general purposes than the " Main Nolin" or " lar Lick" \ I, B) of Edmonson county. It ran-.- from twenty-four !•■ lorty inches in thickness ami i- easil) mined. Official analyses of representative outcrops Bhow 1.05 t" 2.54 per cent "i' -nl |>lnir (small ei gh) and much of the sulphur obtained in the analyses was derived from pyritic layers that maj be eliminated in mining. The coal runs well in car- bon and would probablj produce a l."""I ooke. Shipments may I" made down Bear Creek to I in, n l!i\ er. In Butler Couut) the equivalent of the "Main Nolin" is fbnnd mar 1 1 * . - river and is there known as the " M- rd< en." The superior quality "t the "Aberdeen" i- well known in the Green River markets, and it readilj sells upon it- merits in petition with the best products ol other fields, rhere is one other workable <"al in Butler, within ich ol the river, possibh w\<> other beds, but the " Aberdeen" is, so far us i- yet known, the si trn-tu orth\ and tin best . FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 'J I To describe th al beds of ( )lii<> and Muhlenburgb e ities would be to describe prac- tically all the coals in the Western Held, and the statement could be applied with l>nt little modification to the other counties on the lower stretch of the river. The bed commonlv worked is No. 9, Nn. 11 following next. Ohio stands second among the counties producing coal in the field, and Muhlenburgb third. In both counties the larger percentage of the commercial product is mined by machine, and is shipped by rail. Surely the wealth of coal contiguous to the river in those counties and the importance of the latter as a means of transportation, will ultimately be recognized, and a trade secured that is now closed to rail- road mines. McLean county mines less coal, compared with its resources, than any other county in the Western Held. It is an inviting region for prospectors ready to utilize the river for transportation. Webster is o( less value, perhaps, to a river coal trade than is any one of the other counties, the most accessible seams being in the western and south- western parts of the county ; but there are also beds near the river that are oi importance. In Henderson and Daviess counties the better coals are, as a rule, at a considerable depth below the surface. The most important mines near Green River in Henderson are near Spottsville. In Daviess there are no mines of importance near the river, but some excellent coal may be found in the southwestern part of the county, a comparatively short distance away from the si ream. To sum up the history of Green River from an economic point of view, it may be said that it has Keen a long neglected stream traversing a region of long neglected mineral re- sources of great value But this should not be expected to continue much longer. With the freedom that has been granted to all traffic through the abolition of tolls, the betterment of the older locks ami dams and the construction of additional ones, the river has, so to speak, Keen given a "new life," and the development of the coal resources, the limestone and sandstone beds, tin' bituminous ("asphalt") rock, ami other mineral deposits can not be tar distant. MINING COAL BY ELECTRICITY. BY JOHN T JACKSON, ROCKPORT. IX the ages past, nature in her wisdom stored, in favorite -pots oi this planet, even layers of the heat and light of the sun, so when this globe became inhabited the stored energy of the thousand year- became available to her civilized and progressive inhabitants. The first mode of reclaiming this heat and sunlight was most laborious, and the same pro- cess, I Kin strength, pick, drill and shovel is used in thousands of mines to this day. and it has only been within the past few years that any other power has been tried to supplant this most costly process of mining coal, (hit of the thousands of mines that have attempted in use mining machinery only the fewest number have made it a success. Not so much on account of the failure of the inventive genius of the man who designed the machines, but mi a unt of the sulphur halls in the coal. Jevons has truly said: "Coal in truth stands not beside I >ut entirely above all I III GR] in RIVER COl si l;Y other oommoditii a. hi- tin- material energj ofth< country — tin universal aid — the fac- tor in e\ erj thing \\> do; with coal almost any feat i- pos- sible or « :i-\ . without it We are thrown l>:i<-k into the laborious poverty of early times." I ^questionably thai i- bo, and that being so, any bod] of coal that can be placed "ii tin market cheaper than 98 per a nt •■) on< '- competitors i- quite a valu- able ■••i:il Geld, anil ju-i such ;i coal field i- the Shirley coal field "l ov< r one thous- MITCHELL S LANDING. BARRr :1 ,l,| ; , 1 1 i • > county, Kentucky. The eastern main Btem • •( the Illinois Central Railway, for one-half mile, forms the northwestern boundary of this property, and the property i- also available to Green River, insuring, for ever after, cheap transportation. But the -t important feature of tlii- coal is that ii can be mined by electrical mining machinery, the cheapest of all knowu processes. This same vein, \". !', in the same liill and adjoining property, is being successfully mined by the McHenrj Coal Co., :ii their Echols mines, with electrical machines. They have in use -• m n machines, requiring fourteen operators and assistants, and with ilii- number of ma- chines and men they are now cutting as much coal in ten hours as one hundred and seventy- five expert pick miners can cut in the same length of time. Note the difference in cost of production: the cosl of production is not onlj cheapened, but the liability to Btrikes is !■ — iiuil, for iii" * ~ t an\ can learn i" operate a machine in a day, and all other mine em- ployees are common day laborers, experience required. Tin Shirley field Btands pre-( minent on account ol li>\\ cost of production, reduction nt liability to strike, accessibility to market, cheapness of transportation, evenness of vein, safety of roof, and drainage "I entire field to opening. There is also on this propertj a virgin forest "t" hardwood timber. This property is lor Bale or lease; addn -- John T. Jack- son, Rockport, Kentucky. FKHM l-.ilWI.lNC CUKKN Hi I'.V \NSVII.I,K. 2:) NATURAL RESOURCES OF UPPER GREEN RIVER. BY PROF. M. P. CRUMP. FORMER STATE GEOLOGIST UNDER this head are embraced (lie counties of Grayson, Edmonson, Warren, Butler, Muhlenburgb ami Ohio, all of which arc situated on the eastern border of the Western coal field of Kentucky, and will be treated under the following heads, viz.: location, transporation, minerals, timber and climate. Location — All of these counties are situated midway between the cities of Louisville and Nashville, less than seventy-live miles from eitheraud within one hundred and fifty miles of the center of population of the United States. They are in the great valley of the Missis- sippi which is destined to become the most popu- lous portion of the habit- able globe, owing to its rich agricultural lands, combined with its inex- haustible mineral and timber resources. Tka nspobtatiojn — Its natural outlet is the famous < ireen River, re- cognized as one of the deepest on the continent as well as the most navi- gable, owing to the fact that it rises in the cav- ernous limestone of Ken- fishing party at Rochester locks. tucky, which embraces some five thousand square miles, and i- ted from the numerous underground streams which have in past ages fashioned the innumerable caverns that abound throughout its entire extent. It is thus abundantly supplied with water in the dry season, and kept tree from ice in winter by means of the warm water < ling directly from its cavern springs. The river flows into the Ohio and thence to the Mississippi, and with its connections embraces more than twenty-five thousand mile-- of navigable waters, with access to more than forty million people, and the most flourishing cities of America. MINERALS — Under this head are found coal, iron ore, asphalt, ochre, vitrified clay, tire clay, Litchfield marls and building stone of various kinds. Coal — Sere is found the lowest workable seam of coal in the Western coal field oi Kentucky, familiarly known as the Main Xolin or Coal L. of Shaler's Survey. It is an excellent domestic, steam and gas coal, and is found covering an area of many miles in 24 I lit GREEN im BR COl NTR^ Grayson, Eklmonson, Warren, Butler and Bluhlenburgh. Ii averages lull thro Feet, and i* found in places sbi feet, is very a — i I » I . • . i- usually worked by drifting, and :it :i very Ion cost, titi\ cents per ton. Ii was first opened some lorty years a^.., and has be* n constantly worked, and bas supplied the town "t Bowling Green with both fuel and lights for years. Ii- greatest development is at Aberdeen, near Morgantown, Butler county, from which point ;i block two feel square and four feel thick — tin- height of the vein — \\a< taken ami shown at the World's Columbiau Exposition, where ii received honorable mention, ami a block fr a |»>ini not lar distant re© ived a medal. This region i- destined !•> become a great coal center, lying as it does halfway between Louisville and Nashville, and on the projected line of the Illinois Central Railroad, which CAMP LIFE ON OREBN RIVBR will at no distant day connect these two prosperous and growing cities. It i- also the near- est first class coal \<< < Chicago ami the great coal less n gion of the frigid Northwi st rhe coal is a free burning, bituminous variety, mines easily and yards well. It con- tains l>nt little Bulpbur and ash, and oompeti - favorably with either the Pittsburgh or the celebrated Jelli al ■■( eastern Kentucky. Coal No. 9 is largely worked in Muhlenburgh and <>lii.> i nties, and while not so low in ash and sulphur a> the lower coals, has longer been worked, and has an established reputatii a in n places. It is usually thicker than the lower ooala, [ro> Ores These are found in Eklmonson, Warren, Butler, Muhlenburgh ami < >t ■ i • > counties, developed only t" a limited extent, but sufficiently t" indicate to Prof. Shaler, of Harvard College, (former state geologist), that one vein alone in Exit son count} con- tained enough ore to run lift) furnaces for a century. Ii consist principally of limonitea and carbonites, the former abounding and contains ii forty-two to fifty-si i pt r cent, with paratively little sulphur and phosphorus, together with a limited ai t "i silicia. Situated immediately above the ore bed, coal is found sufficiently free tr--iu im- puritirB for smelting purposes; while less than Bftj feet below excellent fluxing limestone FROM BOWIJNG CRKKN To KV A NSVI U.K. 25 is found, thus placing within gun shof of each other the three necessary ingredients for success- fully making iron a1 the lowest cost. I n addition there is a boundless supply oi water tor l>oth furnace purposes and transportation. Thus it will he seen that ai no distant day a greal iron-making industry must necessarily spring up in this highly favored region. An iron master of national lame and great experience both in America and Europe has pronounced the region in Edmonson county between Bear Creek and Nolin the ideal place for making both low priced iron and basic steel. These ores can he worked in open cut, consequently at the lowest cost; and this iron-producing quality has been sufficiently tested in the charcoal iron furnace which was operated here in 1X45-6. Numerous pots, kettles and other articles of domestic use, which are to he found in the region bear testimony to the excellent grade of iron produced from these ores. It was a high grade car wheel iron as shown by analysis made l>v the chemisl of the geological survey. The thickness of the ores varies from one foot to ten feet, and they cover an extent of many square miles. Asphalt. — The latest and most accessible r'f the many valuable minerals of this highly favored region arc tin' extensive asphalt beds, composed of a sharp white sand, saturated with pure bitumen which, when exposed to the air, hardens and cements the grains of sand, and thereby forms a natural material for the construction of the highest grade of pavements for cities and towns, as well as floors for breweries, stables and numerous other industries. This material is found immediately along the projected route of the above- mentioned railroad and covers an area thirty miles long and five miles wide. The sand- stone contains from eight to twelve per cent of bitumen, a portion of which oozes out on exposure to the sun, and occasionally collects in | Is, to the extent of many tons. From a point in the same geological horizon and not far distant, it has been extensively opened, and many hundred tons have been shipped to Buffalo, New York, where ten miles of streets have been constructed from it in the last three years. It is destined to become the greal paving ma- terial of the Mississippi Valley, because of its accessibility by water to the cities oi Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Louisville, Evans- ville, St. Louis, Memphis, New Orleans. ( ialveston, Houston and other cities of the valley. It can be laid down in the city of New York by water at a cosl of less than $5.00 per ton, including quarrying and transportation. Experiment.-, are now being made in the latter city — and it is more than probable that within the coming year, large shipments will be made to that point and Brooklyn. The material is found in great quantities, in bluffs of sandstone ranging from five to fifteen feel thick, which can be readily quarried in many places at a cost of twenty-five cents per ton, and can be placed on barges in Green Liver for less than one dollar per ton. It will be wonderful indeed, if a material made in nature's laboratory, by some of her undiscovered processes, which baffle imitation, and s.i nearly ready for use, should fail to be used, in regions where it is so greatly needed. U. S. SNAG BOAT, WM PRESTON DIXON. AT WORK ON GREEN RIVER THE GREEN RIVEK OOI s I RV Examimed under a microscope it is found to !»• compoaed of ■ pure sharp Band em elop ■! in a coating ofjel black, elastic material known as bitumen, which represents the oxidized product "I <"al oil, after ages • •! exposure, under the evaporative and absorptive prtw of nature. Nature has Bhown great deliberation and precision in tin- de- velopment "t tlii- 1 1 nt — terial, and the result is a well-nigh indestructi- ble product, w hich, when properly laid down has resisted the Be% er< si t< sis nil the -i n eta ol some nt' the largest • - 1 1 i « - in the I ninn. An almost identical material is largelj used in San Francisco and the Pacific i-itii ■-. where it is tlin^ spoken of: " Against the assaults of Buch bigh traffic, bituminous rock baa Btood the teat for ten ice may be Bpread over hoof and wheel, it has FLOATING STUDIO OK H SCHROBTBR war-. Iii a climate where no protecting mantle of snow and it for weeks :it a time t" r sive the wear and L'tiinl of resisted the relentless solvents of sun and air. From the day the tir-t I t strikes it there is absolutely no resl for bitumen in California. Yet it has outlived the bitter oppo- sition of the metropolitan journals, and is to-day the only public improvement outside of Golden Gate Park of which the municipality of San Francisco may feel proud. Winn proper!} constructed of material from approved mines, it is believed bj those best informed in tbis branch of municipal engineering thai bituminous rock pavements will give ideal service for twentj years, and then have t" be renewed as to surface or wearing coat only, afore than one hundred and < ij^li t miles "t' pavement have been constructed, all of which is willingly guaranteed for five years." The Kentucky rock is being largely introduced into Louisville, but is meeting with the same opposition from both newspapers and paving companies as was experienced in San Francisco, bul it is bound to triumph in the end. < lays — These consist of beds ranging in thickness from five to eight feet, differing in composition, bo as to produce fire briok, vitrified paving brick and pottery clays. Tiny wholly undeveloped. < »■ mi:i — in the numerous caverns are found vast deposits of brown, drab and variegated ochres of the finest quality. M i:i. — Underlying the Bhales and interoolated among the thin bedded limestom - an found beds of five t" fifteen feet of what i- called bj Prof Shaler, Litchfield marl, which contains soda and potash in Buck form as i- easilj rendered soluble by exposure, and which mak< ccellent fertiliser for land rendered worthless bj the continued cultivation <>t FROM BOWLING GREEN TO KVANsvil.l.K. 27 tobacco and the cereals. The quantity of this material is inexhaustible, and must come it | • < > 1 1 the market as soon as transportation reaches the beds. Timber — Millions of feet of the finest hardwood timbers produced in temperate climates have been taken from this region, and untold quantities are -till left. Billions of hoop-poles and staves have been floated from here down the Mississippi to New Orleans, and they are still going without abatement. More than 120 varieties of merchantable timber are found in these counties. Thousands ol ties are now piled along the banks of Green River awaiting the inspector and steamboat, and such has Keen the ease for years. Water Power — Thousands of horse power are annually going to waste in this prolific region, and the streams with their continuous How the entire year are waiting only for enterprise and capital to harness them to iron furnace, furniture tactorv, saw mill, cotton factory and other industries of a like nature to furnish the cheapest power on this continent. Climate — In this bounteous region the vertically torrid sun of the South and the freezingly frigid blasts of the bleak and blizzardy North and West are unknown. The THE ADERDEEN COAL AND MINING COMPANY S STEAMER I. N. HOOK ANDISECTION OF ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD BRIDGE AT ROCKPORT. climate is delightfully mild, so much so that outdoor labor can be performed comfortably every day in the year, and cattle can range the fields for ten months, while it is never necessary to house or shelter them continuously. The large number of extremely well preserved and vigorous old men and women hear the best and most unimpeachable testimony to the salubrity and healthfulness of the climate. I II 1 QBE] N KIVKl: 0O1 NTHY BOWLING GREEN. J I \ 1 1 1 . city of Bowling < Ireen stands at the head "t the < Ireen River Black water Bystem and is the metropolis of the Green River valley, [ts situation is npon ground gentlj sloping to Barren River from a series of c landing hills in its southern and western suburbs. V\ i the summit "t these hills a magnificent view i- obtained of the < ■ i t \ lying :it their feel and "l the beautiful valley of the Barren River t" 1 1 » < - east, south and west, and of the lofty hills that mark the course of the Green and Barren rivers to the north. On the crest "t the eastern most of these hills is located the city water reservoir, w!iil<- ii> —ii i-i ling declivities, comprising several acres, covered with blue grass and adorned with BOWLING ORBBN PROM OODBN COLLBGB LOOKING NORTHEAST shade, fruit and ornamental trees, constitute a delightful park. ' >n il"- apex •■( the liill and Burrounding the basin of the reservoir is a balnstraded cement pavement, furnished with seats, forming ;i most agreeable promenade and resting place in the i I "t the summer mornings and ■ \ enin \ striking fi ature of the city of Bowling < In i n is the profusion ol shade tn es which adorn her streets and yards, mostly maple and elm. A view from the promenadi on Reservoir Hill, in summer, shows the city almost buI trged in the dark green foliaj these beautiful tr< The population "I Bowling Green, including her suburbs, is about twelve thousand. All her streets are macadamized and are kept in excellent condition by vigilent city su- pervision. The city is provided «iili a most efficient syste t water works and an electric li^'lit pi ant/ both of which :ir<- owned and operated b) ili> municipality. FROM ROWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 29 One of the dominant interests of the city centers In her educational institutions. These are of much more than local importance. The Potter < lollege, for young ladies; the Ogden College, for young men, and the Business College and Normal School of Cherry Bros., are institutions of learning of distinguished merit. The Potter College for young ladies is especially celebrated for the completeness of its equipment, the high character of its educational course and its watchful care over the welfare of its pupils. Its enrollment lists contain the names of pupils from many of the southern and middle states of the Union. In addition to these notable institutions there are private schools for the special training of children, and the city maintains a most excel- lent system of free pub- lic schools, which, under the superintendencv of Prof. Edward Taylor, have attained an exalted degree of efficiency. On account of the salubrity of its situation and its educational advantages, Bowling Green is a city of homes Many families of independent means have located here on ac- count ot these attractions, and many ot the resi- dences present an ap- pearance of architectural elegance and yard adorn- ment unusual in a city ot its size. The commercial importance of Bowling Green is that of a thriv- ing, prosperous inland city surrounded by a most fertile region of farming land, yet situated as it is at the very top df the navigable waters of Green River,it only requires the touch of capital and com- mercial enterprise to make it an important manufacturing and distributing center, exercis- ing a commanding influence over the commerce of the rivers and surrounding'sections of country in a marked degree. Ogden College for young men is an institution of learning equal to any in the state for the education of young men and in the thoroughness of its collegiate course, ft stands as a monument to the liberality of Its founder, Robert W. Ogden, deceased, who provided in his will for the purchase of grounds, and for the erection of suitable buildings thereon, adapted to the purposes of an institution of learning. He also provided a fund from the income of which aid is furnished young men in securing an education. The college stands amidst spacious and well-shaded grounds on a beautiful hill, overlooking the city of M. E. CHURCH SOUTH. BOWLING GREEN. KY BUlLTl IN 1898-7. COST $35,000 BUILT OP WHITE AND GRAY LIMESTONE FROM WARREN COUNTY QUARRIES 30 l in GRE1 N i;l\ "i R OOUN1 i:v °COEN, THE F o^° v Bowling Green, and imanding ;i view of hill, field and forest for miles aronnd. Ii- situation secures Balubrity of at phere, inspiring scenery and thai isolation from the enrrente "I human activitj bo essentia] t" study. The 1 tgden fund makes provision i^v forty free scholar- ships, issued i" worthy young men of the state, who oei 'I aid. For a lull description of the course of instruction, rul<> of the college and information as to the cost "l living in Bowling Green, board "t students, etc., address Ogden College, Bowling Green, Cy. Roberi W. Ogden, the founder of the college which bears lii- name, was an eminent citizen of Warren county, who was impressed with tin- needs of the 6tate for an institution where young men could obtain :i free collegiate education. He therefore provided al lii> death for the !■ ling <nt of that love "I humanity which was bis distinguishing characteristic « bile living. William A.. ObeKchain, \ M., President of Ogden College, was born in Buchanan, Botetourt county, Va., April '.'7. 1841, and comes of g 1 old German, Dutch, Welsh, English and Anglo-Nor- man stock. After two \ ears spent in attending the classical and mathe- matical ^'1 1 "I N\ Hi. II' i:ill, in lii- time ! ofthe foremost educators of the < »lil I dominion, he ! * » ■ ntered the Virginia Mil- itary Institute and there duated, in 1861 . with the highest honors in :i classofthirt) eight mem- bers. In A I'i'il, 1861 , he went i" Richmond, Va., with the "ps of cadets, under command "I Major Thomas J.Jackson,afl ward General "8tone- oodbn collbob FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 31 wall" Jackson, and there served temporarily as instructor of light artillery. He then received a commission in the regular army of the Confederate States, and served with distinction throughout the war, in the engineer corps, under Generals Branch, French, Whiting, Robert E. Lee and others. He was promoted for meritorious conduct on the Williamsburg Road, near Richmond, Va., in 1864; and from October, 18G4, to Lee's surrender, he was one of the staff engineers of the army of Northern Virginia, under ( leneral Lee. In 1866 he was appointed Professor of Mathematics and Military and < 'ivil Engineering in the Hillslioro (N. C.) Military Academy, under General R. E. Colston; in 186* he received the appointment of Professor of Mathematics and Commandant of Cadets in the Western Military Academy, at New Castle, Ky., under General E. Kirby Smith; in 1870 he went with General Smith to the University of Nashville, where he served as Professor of Mathematics and of French and German, and as Command- ant of Cadets. In 1878 he was elected Professor of Mathematics in Ogden College, Bowling Green, Ky., and in 1 883, on the resignation of his prede- cessor, Dr. J. W. Wightman, he was made president of the same institution with- out any solicitation on his part. Major Obenchain is an honorary member of the American Whig Society, of Princeton, N. J. ; of the National Committee of the Body of Counselors of the American Institute of Civics; of the American Academy of Political and Social Science; of the British Economic Asso- ciation; of the National University Committee of One Hundred, and Secre- tary of the XV. Club of Bowling Green, Ky., an active and influential literary society composed of some of the ablest men of Bowling Green. He was one of the honorary vice presidents of the Department Congress of Higher Education of the International Congress of Education of the World's Columbian Exposition, in 1893. Major Obenchain is an accomplished scholar, an able educator, a progressive and public-spirited citizen, a contributor to Southern Historical Society papers, and a vigorous and forcible writer on political and economic subjects. Potter College. — A book of the Green River country would be incomplete without a description of Potter College for young ladies. This grand school for the education of young ladies stands in the front rank of the educational institutions of the country. Its equipment for the purposes of its establishment are unsurpassed by none in the South, and by few in the entire country. It has one hundred rooms, heated by steam and lighted by gas. It is supplied with bath rooms and hot and cold water. Its parlors, WILLIAM.A OBENCHAIN. PRESIDENT OF OGDEN COLLEGE I 111 ..KM \ RIVEB 1 "I M BY reading and library rooms :irv elegantly furnished. It- class r 1- are provided with all the appliances and scientific apparatus necessary t<> aid in the instructi 1 its pupils. The beauty "f it- situation and the imposing bo nerj which surround it contribute t" it- desir- uliilit seal "f learning. It Btands upon a lofty and shaded hill, in it- own park of <* f* RBV B F CABBLL PRESIDBNT OF POTTBR COLLBGB trees and flowers, overlooking the city of Bowling Green, and commanding ■ view of ■ oharmtng landscape whichever waj the beholder turns. Everj department "t it- educa- tional course is presided over by teachers celebrated for their efficiency ;>- educators. FROM noWUNO GREEN TO I'.VANSVI U.K. 34 I 111 GREEN l:l\ 1 R OOUN1 ttt KS OK POTTER COLLEGE- CLASS OK 1897 Memphis, Tenn. M\ki M\ki\ Payni Bowling Green, Kv. Hannah Claypooi Green, K.%. \| \m I.i-.e I'm i -m «\ H>«ling Green, Ki. i .... Pine Bluff, Aik Mvkc.akit Rokm Bowling Green, K\ \i\\. Danville, ki ELIZABETH Rm.ii.-~ Bowling Green. Kv. CORINNI BVSRBTI Green, Ky. Nki.lik B. SAMUBM . . . CampbelUville, ki. Faulconbh Danville, K>. Elizabeth Underwood Bowling Green. K\ FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVTLLE. 35 Pleasant J. Potter, President of Potter's Bank. — Every town or community has among its residents one man on whom the commercial importance of the town or c - munitv seems to hinge. He it is who leads in all public enterprises and his name is associated with all schemes that have for their object the advancement of the public weal. Bowling Green has many patriotic and enterprising citizens of which her people are justly proud, and at the head of this much to l>e admired set of gentlemen stands the subjeci of this sketch, Pleasant J. Potter, the founder and head of the financial institution bearing his name. Mr. Potter was born in Warren county, in 1820, and has been actively engaged in business in Bowling Green for over half a century. He, together with Mr. Vivian, opened the bank over which he to-day presides, in 1869. This is the oldest and strongest financial insti- tution in the city, and Mr. Potter's reputation as a conservative banker is known all over the state. The business of the bank to-day is con- ducted by James Eras- mus, Herbert P. and Wm. J. Potter, all of whom are sons of Pleas- ant J. Potter, and are all able, far seeing energetic business men. This fam- ily of Potters are the largest holders of real estate in the county, and every foot of their vast possessions is liable for the obligations of the bank. It is an institu- tion of individual responsibility, and all of the wealth ot the family forms the capital on which they do business. Pleasant J. Potter is well known to the people of the Green River valley, and is honored and esteemed by all who enjoy his acquaintance. He has served the people of Warren county in an official capacity on several occasions, and it can be said of him that he transacted the public business with the same care that he has ever devoted to his own affairs. He has been at all times ready and willing to give of his means to worthy charity, and has ever been a supporter of educational institutions. So prominent has he been in this latter work that the Potter College was named in his honor. In this work it is not the intention of the publishers to indulge in fulsome praise, but our work would be poorly done, indeed, did we not give to our readers at some length the results of PLEASANT J POTTER. PRESIDENT OF POTTER S BANK 36 TIIK GR] IN IMVI R (..INI l:V Pleasant J. Potter's long and useful life. He bas been succesafiil because l>i- indomitable will and perseverence would !»• satisfied with nothing sborl of success, and now when he has reached thai -ta;_ r <- of life's journey where the Bhadowe I » « • -_r i 1 1 to fall inward the east, be can enjoy the blessing of seeing bis life work perpetuated by his sons who are honored citizens .il the community in which they wi re born and n an d. The Cm Schools wen organized under a special charter approved by the legisla- ture on February 2, 1 SN J. This was al the end of a spirited contesl before the people. Hon. J. M. Wilkin- and Hon. J. A. Mitchell, leading the winning Bide. Buildings having .. been erected, the scl I- were openi .1 on January 29th, 18$ The gentlemen named have been the board "I education fr the beginning. Supt. W. B. Wylie served from the first, till his death in November, 1894. His skill and devotion made the scl 1- in a large measure wliat they arc He was succeeded bj Supt. Edward Taylor, the present incumbent. Thereare three buildings, one I >"ll taxes. The course of Btudj i prises nine grades, oin' for each year. All the common school studies are completed in ■ iirlit grades, the ninth being all advanced work. The citj has no high bcI I, the three local colleges supplying thai need to some extent Each building is supplied with a -mall Inn growing library; the text-l ks are thi besl obtainable. The in- struction i- very thorough and approved, and up-to-date methods are used in 1 »■ • 1 1 » govern- ment and instruction. Visitors are welcome al any hour. The people of Bowling Green appreciate the merits of their schools. The Banking [sstiti noNa of Bowling Green area pi linent feature in its com- mercial and <-ivi<- importance. Ii bas n<> bank organized under the national banking law, • sequcntl) no bank "t issue, bul it- banks of exchange and deposit, organized under special authority of the Btate legislature, are foremost ai ig 1 1 1 « ■ monied institutions of the state for their stability and conservatism "i management There are three banks, the Potters', The Warren Deposit, and Potter, Matlock & ('..., all of which enjoy a high reputation al home and abroad. The Warren Deposm Bank, organized in 1871 under special legislative authority, i. one "I the strong! si institutions of the country. The bank bas an authorized capital "t ti\( hundred thousand dollars, a paid in capital of two hundred thousand and t sur- plus fund of one hundred thousand dollars, ft is the only chartered bank in Bowling PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDINO FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 37 Green. Its officers are C. G. Smallhouse, president; L. R. Porter, cashier; T. J. Smith, J. G. Covington, James Cuthbertson and C. S. Allen, directors. C. G. Smallhouse, the President of the Warren DeposM Bank, is a gentleman, who has impressed his personality upon every enterprise with which he has Keen associated. Bis clear perception of the means necessary to success and his energy in adapting the means to the desired end, places him in the front rank of the business men of his section. Mr. Smallhouse has been connected with many of the enterprises that have contributed to the commercial importance of the city of Bowling Green. He was one of the promoters and was mainly instrumental in the development of the ice and cold storage plant, which has become a very flourishing industry. He was one of (he principal business managers of the affairs of the Green and Barren River Navigation Company, acquiring an interest by purchase of stock in the enterprise. He negotiated the sale of the company's franchise to the general government, thus conferring upon the people the free navigation of the river for all time to come. As president of a large monied institution, involving the exercise of great business judgement, he has fully demonstrated his ability as a financier, and his faithfulness in conserving the interest of others. In fact his whole career stamps him as a public spirited citizen, who while not inattentive to his own private interests and those personal ambitions which arc or should be the spring of all human action, he has not forgotten that he owes society a duty in the furtherance ol schemes for the general good. In manner, Mr. Smallhouse is reserved and thoughtful and disposed to shrink from public notoriety, hut is frank and sociable in disposition and impresses the sincerity of his character upon all with whom he comes in contact. lie is a member of the Presbyterian church, and exemplifies in his daily walk and conversation the character of an upright citizen and a christian gentleman. L. R. Porter, Cashier of the Warren Deposit Bank, is a native Kentuckian, offioer, as well as •■( it- \«<~i • >! patrons aod the | >■ ■• • | >1< • ;ii large. In private and domestic life Mr. Porter illustrates the virtues and graces thai should always adorn the character "I the faultless gentleman and the perfect citizen. Bowling Green i- the center "l trade and principal market for :i ven large scope "t surrounding country embracing the adjoining counties. It- merchants carry complete and extensive stoi ; g I- :i ii< 1 ever) line i- fully represented. The industries of ili< city cover all the essential needs of a progjn Bsive commun- ity. There are two mercbanf flouring mills, tw achine Bhops, and three planing mill?. < me of these operated by Roe Hi"-, in :uliliti"ii to ;i large local business, supplies an extensive outsidi demand for mill work and building ma- terial. The I i rner, I>\^ a \\ ' WORTH M \m i l< ii ring < '". operate a handle factory, employing a large number "I nun. The Bow ling Green Ici vnvi Jold Storaoi Oo. This company is ■ . | »<- i-:i i - ing "Hi ol the most prosperous industries not only "I the city of Bowling Green, bnf "I the entire Green River section. Their principal business is the manufacture of ice, the pro- duction of their factory being fifteen tons daily. The city "I Bowling Green is entirely supplied from their factory, besides which they have a large and growing trad the riv- ers and throughout the surrounding towns and country. The works were firal started in 1888, 1'iit were verj much improved ami enlarged when'the present ipany acquired pos- session, and the latesl and m-.-t improved appliances were adopted. The company i- in- corporated under the laws "l tin state ••( Ken- tucky. The |> re sent management "t the af- fairs ofthe companj is in the bands "l the follow • ing offiot rs : James 1 1. Wilkerson, president;^ II. Jones, -■ • " tary; I < . Smallhouse, treasurer. The i • i t _\ i- provided with exoelli nt hotels, equipped "itli all mod- ern convenience -. The hotels and buaineas por- L R PORTER CASHIER WARREN DEPOSIT BANK BOWLINO ORXEN ICE AND COLD STORAOK PLANT fi:om i;ohi,im; i;i;i;i;n to kvansvi i.i.i-:. 39 tions of the city are reached by electric cars, running from the depots and river landing. The church edifices <>f Bowling Green arc constructed more with a view to the attain- ment of comfort than that of grandeur. They attest in their number and proportions the strong influence of religious sentiment among the people. The Methodist Episcopal Church, South, lately erected is a very elegant and sub- stantial structure, exhibiting more of the ornate in architecture than any other in the city. It is built entirely of white and gray limestone from the quarries near the city. These quarries have been noticed elsewhere, but in connection with the industries of the city, it may be mentioned that Mr. E. Smallhouse, .secretary of the McClellan Stone Co., is at the head of an industry engaged in the manufacture of monuments. In this business much use BOWLING GREEN. LOOKING EAST FROM OGDEN COLLEGE is made of the beautiful Oolitic limestone from this quarry. A variety of this stone has very much the appearance and texture of granite and is capable of being worked into shafts and designs for monumental purposes and supports a beautiful finish. Bowling Green sustains a. wide spread reputation as a horse market. There are a number of dealers in the city who make a specialty of handling fine blooded animals and whose establishments for this purpose are fitted with every modern convenience. Annual sale-, of thoroughbred horses are conducted by these gentlemen which attract buyers and horse fanciers from every part of the country. Mr. E. P. Xeale owns and operates a huge farm in the vicinity of the city, devoted especially to the breeding and training of tine stock. The animals bred on his farm are famous throughout the country tor thoroughbred qualities. lie has spent vast sums in the importation ami breeding of pure blooded stock. There are others engaged in the same business. J. L. Jenkins .V Sons, Mansfield Kirbv, The Kentucky Horse Breeding Association, all ol whom contribute to the reputation of Bowling Green as a horse market. 10 I III GBEE.N CIVIl: CO! MI.1 Db. G. E. Townsend, Mayor of the city ■ ntj , K • 1 1 1 1 1 " ■ k \ . « bere be \sa- born in I - O E TOWNSBND MAYOR OK BOWLING GRBBN M \ i.i OLM 1 1 a i; i ( 1:1 Mr was born in < ul . and began lii~ educal ion al the I" -i private bcI Is in 1 1 » « - <>ll pharmacy thai "t a scientific optician. He served a time as a member "t the < imon council of il ity, and in 1 B97 was elected mayor "I the city, which office he now holds. The comi souncil elected al the si ■ time were: W. M. 1 ■ i . .1. B. Sumpt< i . • liMil. - B. Smith, Prank Maier, II. I. Gal vin, V. Johnson, L. A. Jenkins, I . K ister, Jr., John i 1 >iiiniii_'. Prank Moom y, I . ' (rear ami John I 'i an pepper county, Va., loss than hall a century 001. M H ORUMP I'KOM BOWLING GREEN TO BVANSVILLE. II Judge \V. ). Settle — The Green River country is not lacking in nun who by their owe indomitable persevera and force of character have attained high and honorable po- sitions among' their fellow men. Such a man is Judge W . K. Settle. A mere youth at the elose of the eivil war, lie was left like many others, de- pendent on his own exertions for a livelihood and for the acquirement of that mental training that should fit him for the profession to which he had predetermined to devote himself, But for eight years such was his in- dustry and determination of purpose, that he not only acquired a first-rate education covering the English branches, but also made such progress in the study of the law that he was a 'mitted to its practice in the fall of 1871. His ability and excellence of character soon won for him a place among the foremost members of the legal profession ami lor more than twenty years he has continued to illustrate the character of an able lawyer, an honored and useful citizen and a good man. In 1892 he was elected judge of the circuit court for the eighth ju- dicial circuit, composed of tin unties of Allen, Butler, Edmonson and Warren, which position he now holds. having been re-elected in 1897. JUDGE W. E SETTLE. OF THE EIGHTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OP KENTUCKY Hon. Nat. .. Pouter — Among the number of individuals who by reason of talent and energy, occupy a conspicuous place in public affairs in the Green River country, we mention the name of Hon. Nat. A. Porter. Mr. Porter is in many respects a self-made man. Gifted by nature with a strong and purposeful character, he realized that eminence among men had its true foundation in the ability to serve them. To this end he applied himself to study and to the attainment of that practical knowledge ot social needs which should qualify him for usefulness among his fellow men. The legal pro- fession commended itself to him as best suited to his mental constitution and as constituting the best basis of opportunity. Accordingly he devoted himself to the study of the law. He was admitted to the bar in 1879, and began practice in the office of his brother, the late John M. Porter, in Bowling Green. After the death of his brother he was elected to the office of Commonwealth^ Attor- ney in the Fifth judicial circuit, to till the unexpired term of his brother. On HON. NAT A. PORTER. .' , PROSECUTING ATTORNEY EIGHTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT OF KENTUCKY till' eXplWltlOll HI tills tellll tie Was 11- 4 12 l Ml GR1 r\ RIV1 B OOUK I 1:1 ■ I. <■!. .1 to the same office f>>r the full term "f -i\ j i are. < »n the re-districting "f the 8tat4 . Mr. Porter was put in the Eighth district, being again elected for a terra "t five years which term be baa filled to the lull satisfaction "I the people. In 1 S '-'T be was ren I in the office of the Commonwealth's Attorney for the Eighth judicial circuit which office he dow holds. .Iwn- II \\'iikm:-in — City civil engineer, was born in Bowli a and has held lii- present position Bince 1882. He has under lii- personal supervision the streets, sewers, the fire department, the water w>rk- and the electric lighting, and how well he bas pi r- formed lii- duties i- attested bj his ti nuance in office. It was through lii- exertions thai the people of the city to-day are able to enjoy the beautiful park on reservoir bill. II- advocated it againsl the strongest possible opposition and >li to-dav Bee the wisdom oi 1 1 » « - movement I >u ri 11 ^ Mr. WilUii— hi"- incumbency ..t the office ol civil engineer all ol the streets of the cit> have been made or improved. The water works under lii- management baa beoomi :i paying institution, not onlj furnishing cheaper and better water t" the people than dot - anj other system in the state, but turning into the sinking fund each year three thousand dollar? Mi Willsi r-i.ii has been a l:<">i| anil faithful servant of the people, not one lint nt the public funds having been wasted or misapplied during the fifteen yean ol lii* public servii Q I Stickmev was born at 8t Paul, Minn., January 24th, 1869. His father is Lieut < 'i.l. Ann- Stick ney, of the corps of engineers United States armj . and as he has bad ol ivernment work of river and harbor improvement in various sections of tl nntry, FROM BOWLING GKEEN TO EVANSVILLE. [:; the subject of tliis sketch has practically been brought up on such work. He received his education in both public and private schools, and is a graduate of the Sheffield scientific school of Yale University, completing the cour.se in civil engineering in 1891, with the degree <>f Ph. B. Shortly after graduating lie went to Mexico in the employ of the Inter- national Railroad Company, which was at that time constructing the Durango extension from the citv of Torreon, Coahuilla, to the city of Durango, capital of the state of the same name, lie occupied successfully the position of chalnman, rodman and level-man in the party sent to retrace the line tor construction, ami on completion of this work was made resident engineer in charge of the construction of thirty miles ot road. He also had charge of the construction of buildings and laving out of tracks in the Durango depot grounds. On the completion of the above work he was placed in charge of the grading of twenty-four miles of the Sierra Mojada Extension, a branch line leaving the main line at Monclova and running into the rich .silver district of the Sierra Madre Moun- MISS HATTIE C00KSEY MISS BELLE COOMBES tains. This latter work was suspended on a unt of the panic of L893. He was then employed on the engineering department of the Mexican International railroad at Cuidad Porfirio Diaz, the headquarters of the road, being engaged in making small surveys, plans, etc. After remaining with this road for nearly two years he resigned and went to Cincin- nati, < )., where his lather was at that time stationed. Within a short time he was employed as United State- assistant engineer to make a survey for Lock No. 7, Kentucky River, and after completion of this work was retained as assistant engineer in the United States engineer's otliee at Frankfort, Ky., where he remained for two years employed in connection with the repairs necessary in operating and care of canals and other works of navigation on Kentucky River. On October I. 1S!)5, he was placed in charge of the government work on Green and Barren Rivers, and has since remained in charge of this work, with the exception of the construction of Lock No. 5 on Upper Green River, which has been com- II I III GREEN RIV1 R COl VI |;V menced within the last year. On Decembei 12, 1896, thi government work on Rough River was turned over to bis charge, the new lock being completed al that time. ll> saoceeded Lieut J. J. Meyler, of the corps <>t engineers, I'. 8. A., who formerly bad charge of Green and Barren Rivers. Be is a junior member of the American Society oi Civil Engineers. He was married t<> Miss (Catherine Halloran :it Frankfort, Ky., October 1. 1894 The press of Bowling Green is well and ably represented bj several enter- prising newspaper establishments. In addition to tin- daily ami weekly pub- lished by the company of which Mr. John B. Gaines i- the general manager, an account •>! w li i< -1 > is given below miller special heading, («" other weekly newspapt rs are published: The W \i:ki n Cot n n < "i bibb — William .1. Denhardt, general man ami Dr. John 1>. M Is, editor, is an able and popular paper. It is Demo- cratic in politics and has the lai circulation of any weeklj newspaper in Warren county. It believes in majority rule, ami does not believe a minority should govern a majority when fairly beaten. Dr. Is -;i\ - ..i his paper, "it i- alike opposed to anarchy and wrong, and !■• ends attained by bribery and corruption. The platform ol it- part] is its platform and from Jefferson's time down to the Chicago platform ol 1896, the courier asserts the perfect consistency ■■! I>ei ratie principles with the true theory oi a Republican form rnment." The Bowling Gbeeh Dehocbai is a live weekly paper, owned and published b) I.. L. Russell, and has been running lor thirty years. The Pabb Cttj Daily Times was established August 28, 1882, !>y John B. Gaines, it- present editor and general manager, who ran it until about the first ol January, when he Bold it to a stock companj on account ol having been appoint) il postmanti r of tin s city of Bowling Green On February '_'". last, Mr. Gaines formed a Btook company and repurchased Tht Timet from the old company, and is now general manager and editor ul tin- paper with a fine corps ol assistants in th< i ditorial, reportorial and business d< part- iiK nt ~. It is probably the most successful country town daily in the state, and has a circulation that would do credit to a city double the site of Bowling Green. The Times Gazette — The weekly eddition, was established in 1875, and is f the best wei k U papers in the Grei d Riv< r section, and has a circulation extending through- out the eleven counties of the Third Congressional ili-triet. \l Gaines is a young man • in- not quite fort} yean of age, and is a pn , wide-awake newspaper man. TICKNBY. U S ASSITANT ENGINKBR HISS J08IPHINB 8TICKNBY FKOM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 45 whose experience in thai line <>f business dates back over twenty years. In fact, his energy is so well established where known, that he is very often referred to by his familiar friends as "git up and git," a motto he once used in a publication of the newspaper. The Times job office is one of the best and most compete in the country, and does a large amount of all kinds of printing, including catalogue and I k work of a superior quality. Mr. Gaines was married in 1878 to Miss Winnie McCutehen, of Simpson county, and is the father of three children, two sons and one daughter. J. L. Jenkins, one of the leading Stock raisers and stock dealers of the Green River country is a native of Warren county, Ky., born in 1*44. Mr. Jenkins operates a very large livery and sales stable in the city of Bowling (ireen, his dealings in horses alone amounting to forty thousand dollars a year. His farm of two hundred and fifty acres of fine, rich land lies about two miles west of the city. john b gaines This land devoted mostly to grass and pasture is noted for its fertility but is used by Mr. Jenkins mostly for breeding and stock raisintr. His two sons, Allen and Charles \V. are associated with him in the business Mr. Jenkins is a fine specimen of the genial, whole-souled Kentucky gentleman, atten- tive to business, but taking an interest in all that concerns his section. He is a representative man of the class that forms and upholds the great interests of the country and contributes to its development. Hon. Wm. Cook — Mr. Cook is an old and universally respected citizen of War- ren county, in which he has lived for near a half century, fie has- retired from active business life, having acquired a competency by years oi industry and judicious effort. lie lives on a line farm aboul two and :i half miles easl of Bowling Green, where in addition to the growth of miscellaneous farm products, he gratifies his taste for rural life by the cultivation of bees and fruits. The producf of his hcc hives and of his vines and fruit trees are famed for \ •^^^g/^ J L JENKINS 16 I III QREl N RIVER COON I R1 tbeir excellence in the markets, brand n«:ir. Although past three scores, Mr. < '. .. . k retains much of his youthful vigor and activity, and -till delights in the society of the triends and acquaintances of former days. He represented Warren county at time in the lower house "t the state legislature, where be tm>k :i distinguished part in the advocacj of led in. asures of reform in the stab . i specially antagonizing trusts and corporations in tlnir ef- forts to oppress the I pie. He takes a deep interest in public affairs and posst S8es a r i |> e know ledge and ma- turity of judgment in regard t" all economic questions now agitating the public mind. 1 1' bas an ideal borne in the 1 1 1 i < I — t of lii- orchards and groves,and is never more bappy than w li e n dispensing i i - hospitalities. The writer has a mosl agreeable re- collecti »f en- joying this 1 1 « » ~ | ► i — tality " n in >f the pleasant hours -["in in the society • •! M r. and Mi-. < '....k at their delightful country place. Himself en- U ring tin shadow - <>f life's evening, li e liiall- w i t li pleasurable emo- tions tin- tender, gracious ni - these aged |» ople a - exhibited i n their domestic life ami in tlnir treat- ment i>t' tin- -tran- HON WM COOK : in their gab -. ( Mi. • '. .1. Vanmeter — In making up the record of tin pi ■• r men, who have bee Bpicuous in developing tin- commerce on tin t Ireen ami Barren Rivers, nut" limited space permits us t ention only a few of these honored names. Manx "l them are at rest amidst tin groves and bills of the beautiful Green River country, which was the scene of their lid' work ami which thej helped to develop ami make fruitful. A lasting monu- ment tn tlnir memory remains in the thriving towns, villages an. I communities which their zeal established. A.mong the few survivors of this hardy band i- Capt. C. -I. Van- meter. Captain Vanmeter was born in Warrei nty, Cy., in 1826, and bas been identified « itli tin- growth ami development of the Gret n River Bection for more than fbrtj ll> i- niic nt the oldest navigators "i tin Green ami Barren Rivers now living. <';i|>t. Charles \ Everhart i- perhaps tl Ider in years of thi earlj steamboat n surviving, but Captain Vanmeter has bad a wider range of experience in tin. ownership nt vi-« els mi these \vati i- than any man li\ 'ing. He has taken a d< i p interest all his 1 i t « ■ in public improvements, and especially in the improvement of the navigation of tin < In en and Barren Rivers. 1 1 • was one of the it rporators and leading spirits in tin organisation "t Green and Barren River Navigation Company, and was connected with it- affairs tr..m the time the< pany i"»k it- lease from the state in 1868 up tn the time of the transfer of its franchise to the general government in l s ^v He is -till the president of the company and i- engaged iii winding up it- busim --. The only members of tli mpany now living Captain Vanmeter, Capt. C. G. Smallhouse and Capt E B Seeley. Capt Vanmeter ia ■ FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 47 most exemplary citizen, universally esteemed for the probity of his life and character. He is zealous in the promotion of every movement for the advancement of the educational interests of the community. At the ad- vanced age of seventy-one he is still vigorous in body and mind, prose- cuting his business affairs with all the assiduity that characterized his younger days. He takes a lively in- terest in all that concerns the public and is never backward in his sup- port of enterprises for the general good. Captain Vanmeter has a pleasant home near Bowling Green, where, in the en- joyment of a fair competency and the society of congenial friends and neighbors, he awaits with complacency the summons that shall bid him join the comrades who have gone before. E. E. Hills — Resident manager and superintendent of the Bowling Green branch of Turner, Day & Wool- worths' Handle Factory. The works at Bowling Green give employment to about two hundred and fifty men and run on an average eight months in the year, which they have done for the last five years, turning out one million handles per year. The main factory and offices of the CAPT C J VANMETER. company are material used is strictly hickory, is abundant in tin at Louisville. The in the manufactory which timber section. Mr. E E HILLS. Hills has managed the affairs of the factory at this point and has been con- nected with it for the past eight years, and is a man of practical knowledge in the business. Socially, Mr. Hills stands very high in the community, and i- universally esteemed for many good qualities of head and heart. Pill, LAUD & IIayhkn, 1'ndei- derwriters and dealers in Real Estate — The firm of Pollard A' Haydeii is one of the most reliable and pro- gressive in the Green River section. They represent some of the oldest and strongest fire insurance m- pauies of the country and do a large 18 THK GR] PS III V I R ...l\| RY fire insurance basin Tiny represent the leading lit. insurance company ..f the country, and also the Fidelity and Casualty Company, of New fork, doing an accident business and insuring plate glass and steam boilers, also issuing employers' liability insurance and bonds, guaranteeing the fidelity <>f officials and employes. Their real THOS POLLARD. OP THK FIRM Of POLLARD & HAYDIN T E HAYDBN or thi riRu or pollard ft haydin estate business extends througl i mi.lillc and Southern Kentucky, and they have on ilnir books a large amount of farm and rk-. electric li-lit- an. I Btreets an. I city enf ill these positions are at present beld by one man, who performs all tli> duties). The) also appoint a health officer, the chief "t the fire department and a Btation-houee keeper. The chiel ..I tin- police department ami tin- police force, consisting "t four police n, are appointed bj tin' mayor and approved by incil by a two-thirds vote. Tin' legislative department i- vested in tin- common council, consisting "t twelve member 8 who are elected by tin people. The police "r city judge, tin citj clerk ami the city | cuting attorne) are also elected by the popular voice. I'll, jobbing trade of Bowling Green is yet in it- infamy. There are, however, u\<> quite prosperous wholesale grocery establishments doing a \ • rj -at isfactorj ami paj lug busi- One industrj "t the citj is deserving of special mention on account ..t it- import- ance in creating a home market for bogs fatted in tin county. This is tin' pork packing establishment ••! Clay] I a < o This industry was established in 1865, and has trans- FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. r.i is groundsill the suburbs of the acted a large and growing business from the first. The cured meats of this firm have a wide-spread reputation for their excellence and flavor. The firm are also extensive buy- ers and shippers of live stock generally. The Warren County Faiu Association has city, reached by elec- tric street car lilies. These grounds are quite ex tensive, cover- ing an area of near one hundred acres and suitably divided into various depart- ments for the exhi- bition of live stock and speeding of horses. The build- ings constructed for the purpose of dis- playing the different products of the county are spacious and con- veniently arranged and on the whole every detail is pro- vided for conducting a fair. The officers of the association are: J. H.Mallory, president ; W. T. Miller, vice president; J. M. Robertson, secretary, and John J. Pence, treasurer. In closing this imperfect sketch of Bowling Green the author expresses his regrof that the scope and purpose of his work will not admit of a more elaborate description of this beautiful little city. Its many institutions that contribute to the comfort, the delectation and to the happiness of its people deserve juster praise and a more extended notice than it is possible to give in the brief glance of the Green River country furnished in these pages. Its social, its literary, its domestic, its inner life upon which the superstructure of its commerce and business rests, have necessarily been left un- touched. The short and pleasant acquaintance had with a few of its citizens and the brief sojourn had iii their midst, has served to demonstrate that, it time and -pace permitted, these features oi its inner composition might be made of surpassing interest. i*m -T-»»l II I (J RESIDENCE OF CAPT. C. J. VANMETER VIEW AT AIRDRIE, HOME OF GENERAL BUELL TICK 0BE1 S RIVER ( .M s I |;v WARREN COUNTY. JITIII-; tables, exhibiting tbe products of the counties, used in this work, are compiled from tin- United States census reports of 1890. This i- the only available roun detailed information on tin- subject and, while measurably authentic at thai time, an- only festive ..( the vasl capabilities of the country. Development and production bave constantly progressed during the Beven years thai have elapsed since these statistics were gathered, and it is known thai a- t.. some .>t' the items in tin-.- reports there has been an increase •<( more than fifty per cent. The increase of tin- c oier n tin- rivers, as Bbown bj tin- government records of tonnage ami lockage for tin- year 1896, i- a Bure indication "f increased production. These records show thai in tin- item "I live ettock alone, tin- tonnage increased from 182 tons in I V"> t.. J.:'7" in 1896 — an increa f over • '."" pi r cent I'd -ii-ii- reports ^\\<- the total output "f coal in tin- •<• counties at 545,000 tons. State mine inspector, C. J. Norwood, reports the output for 1896 at 850,000 tons. The toba i ..t the t\\" counties of ' mio and Rl uhlenburgb, are reported at 3,587,000 pounds. Estimates for the year 1896 place the crop of Muhlenburgh alone at 3,500,000 p 1-. A fraction of this increase in other lines of production would indicate a marvelous expansion .>(' products. Warren county, of which Bowling Green is the capital, is the tir-t of the series "f counties lying directly u| the navigable streams embraced in the Green Etivei system nt' slack water navigation. Thirtj miles of the system, consisting of the entire navigable portion "f the Barren River, lies within the limits •'! the count] and ten miles •■( her northern boundary rests upon < iii i-n River. 8he tlni- has turn miles of the system within her own borders, and such advantaf as result fr » I ■ i — method •■!' transportation are enjoyed by her] pie. Besides these navi- gable Btreams, tl unty has several other considerable wain- courses, almost wholly within her limits, affluents of the Barren River, Buch as Bays Pork, Trammels Pork, Drakes ( Ireek and < raspar River, which imparl to ii the character of being one "t the best waten il counties in the -tat. . The county embraces an area of mar -i\ hundred square miles, and contains a popula- ti sti mated at thirty-six thousand. Warren count) owes her prominence among the counties of the state, chief!] to her agricultural resources. To tlii- interest is due the very advanced state .•! her commercial, Bocial, educational, religious and civic development, The diversity and productiveness of her soils, her peculiarly favored position a- to surface formation, climate and water supply have presented such scope t" human effort and industry thai a very matured social Btate has resulted, involving all the essentials of wealth, culture and refinement, which usually attend these natural gifts. A well known writer says of the lands of Warren county: "Without attempting an] FROM HOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVII.LE. 51 geological or scientific terms, it will be sufficient to say that with an underlying limestone basis the lands of Warren county are mainly embraced in two classes, designated as "river lands" and "barrens." Along the banks of Barren river and its tributaries lie tens of thousands of acres of the finest land for agricultural purposes to be found in this or any other country. This land was originally heavily timbered with beech, oak, poplar, walnut, hickory, sugar maple, ash and other growth. Much of the land on these streams, where subject to overflow, has been cultivated for sixty years or more without any effect upon its productiveness, while lands in the second bottoms, just above overflow, are almost as inex- haustible. The soil is a deep sandy loam, rich from the deposits of forests for hundreds of years. The other great body of land is known as "Barrens." This land was originally prairie, with here and there a post oak dotting its surface, and in the damper localities fine groves of timber. Its value was underestimated by the first settlers of the country, who located upon the streams iu preference. But practical tests soon proved the mistake of those who preferred river lands. The soil is a clay loam varying in depth from six inches to two feet, with a red clay subsoil which by exposure to the atmosphere becomes almost as productive as the upper soil. The Barrens for wheat are considered better than the river lands and for the Green river type of tobacco are unsurpassed. In addition to these two classes ot land which constitute perhaps nine-tenths of the soil of the county, there is a comparatively small area known as knob land. Recent experiments have developed the fact that the table lands found upon the tops of these knobs are especially adapted to the growth of fruit. All varieties of fruit trees thrive and mature more perfectly there than upon the lower lands." Dr. Owen says of these soils in his report on the geological formation of the region: — " In the early settlement of Kentucky, the belt of country over which the red clay soil extended was shunned and stamped with the appellation of " barrens." This arose partly from the numerous schisty masses which encumbered the ground in part, from the absence of timber over large tracts and in consequence of the few trees which here and there spruug up, being altogether a stunted growth of black-jack, red and white oak.-. The value of the red calcareous soil of the "barrens" in 1856 began to be appreciated, so thai lauds which previously had been considered not worth locating, in that vear were held at from twenty-five dollars to thirty dollars per acre, and in the neighborhood of some towns at fifty dollars ; at the present time they are held at from fifty dollars to one hundred dollars." This was in 1885. The same lands now may be quoted as held at from $50 to $200 per acre. This wealth of soil and <>f natural endowment has borne legitimate fruit. This is evidenced by the highly improved farms, splendid farm residences and build- ings and country estates, macadamized and graded roads, schools and churches and the re- fined and cultured state of society existing throughout the country. The following table taken from the census reports of the government of the United States, showing marketed articles, will give some idea of the agricultural products ot War- ren count v. These statistics were collected by the government in 1890, and arc for the year 1889, now eight years ago. Great improvements as to the methods of farming and treatment of soil have been made since that time, and it is sate to assume that as to many of the items embraced in this report the product has vastly increased. THK OKEEN RIVKR Col M l:V The report gives the number "I farms in cultivation as 2,61 I, ami the &\ ■ ■! each at 1 L6. WARREN COUNTY PRODUCTS. I ■Til. Wheat, \|'p I', i. lies, lri-l " Pounds Wool, lid.' Bushels , 878,160 1,1 inds ro, LIVE STOCK. Nil ml-, r 9 II. .r- Number . . Mules, " 4,019 Sheep, " ■ . . 1 43, :\: i .ii- 11,841 ( Thickens, Number :"."■ Dozens .... 51 Mi:. Morgan Hughes \ highly intelligent anil progressive farmer and stockman, who owns and operates a large farm on the Barren River, near Bowling Green, estimates tip- item "t live Block alone marketed in the lasl year, al considerably over a million dollars. 1 1 i- estimate includes one thousand two hundred In ail ■■!' export beef cattle shipped directly to Eu- rope ; "ui- thousand car loadsof other cattle, i and Bheep : fifty t" -■ \ i n- i\ -ti\ e car loads "t com- mon w ork mules ami fine thoroughbred ho rat b, mares and ''"It-, bn d, i. at. il ami trained in the I'.Miiity.miml" r iiiii-tiina- t. d, ofa value amounting in many thousands ol dol- lars. The count] also I-..- • ai and in. exhaustible source of wealth in her building b( ■. Dr. Owen Baya "I tlii- stone in tin- first Kentucky report: "It i- capable of receiving a g I polish ami producing a white or creai lored marble of considerable beauty." All tin' eastern ami southeastern part "t tin. count] i- underlaid bj v t. Louis or cavernous limestone. It- massivenesa ami thickness render possible such gigantii a- tin Mammoth Cave ami innumerable other caves found throughout it- entire extent. Towards the upper part of the St. Louis is found tin- Oolitic or fish-roe limestone. The beds ui this workable -t white, gray ami blue, occupj a space in the count] "I at least fifteen mill- long l>\ -i\ in breadth. Prof. M II Crump, of th< S Geological Survey, Bays "I tlii— stone: "The celebrated Bowling Green limestoni abounds in tlii- county, where it i- found in ledges o( t wenty-five feel \\ it limit a Beam ; it is a cream colored Oolite, dingly durable, and has been worked for more than half a centurj . It covers an an a of fifty square miles. It i- large)} used by the general government for postoffice and custom, house buildings, and has si I the test of time in a most satisfactory manner. It sella along OLD IRON KURNACB ON ORBBN RIVER AIRDRIE IN THE DISTANCE FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 53 side the well-known [ndiana Oolite and usually for several cents per fool more on account of its beautiful color. It is located immediately on l><»tli the railroad and river, hence possesses superior facilities for cheap transportation. For architectural purposes this admirable stone has do superior. A government test made at the World's Columbian Ex- position in 1894 shows that under compression the first crack occurred at a pressure of one hundred and seventy-two thousand pounds. The ultimate strength was two hundred and nineteen thousand pounds. Weight per cubic foot is one hundred and sixty-eight pounds. Amount of carbonate of lime was !)7.(i!l per cent. It produces excellent lime. Stratified Oolite — This remarkable stone is found in immense deposits, is being rapidly introduced to the notice of architects and builders. The handsome Methodist church of Bowling Green, recently erected at a cost of thirty-five thousand dollars, is built entirely from the quarries of this excellent material, and such is the facility with which it can he quarried and worked that when placed in a building its cost is but little if any more than brick. It is also largely used for curbing - and flagging, and for curbing it has been in use tin- more than half a century, without the least sign of disintegration." There are a num- ber of quarries in operation, notably the McClellan Stone Company, the White Si i < lom- pany, the Caden Stone Company, Bowling Green Stone Company, Cohron Oolite Stone Company, etc. These quarries have furnished building stone for the erection of important public buildings in the cities of Philadelphia, Harrisburg, Newark, N. J., Nashville and and Evansville, while the demand for the stone is constantly increasing. SMITH'S GROVE. This delightful little town is situated in the midst of one of the most fertile sections of Warren county, fourteen miles east of Bowling Green, on the line of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. It is in the midst of natural groves and surrounded by a beautiful, almost level country in a high state of cultivation. The farms and farm houses indicate wealth and prosperity, and the many churches and school houses that dot the landscape bear testimony to the moral and educational progress of the people. The population of the town is about six hundred. It has natural drainage. An exceedingly orderly state of society exists, making it a pleasant place of residence. The business of the place is almost entirely local, but it has such a large and productive section of country surrounding it, that the volume is very considerable. L. D. Rasiiall A- Sun, A. Uasdall and B. S.'EwiNG, carry on general stores. J. P. Emberton and L. E. Lyi.es, deal in groceries. J. C. Witiierspoox and J. H. Alexander, drugs and medicines. The practicing physicians are: Dr. G. T Ewing, T. B. Larue, W. C. Simmons, J. Wooten and J. B. Thomas. J. L. Wkiciit it Bso. operate a livery and feed stable and run several stages to points in the neighborhood. These obliging gentlemen have extensive stables at Second and Main streets and transact an extensive business in serving tourists and the business public in the way of conveyances to Mammoth Cave and the mineral springs and places of resort in the neighborhood. They run a line of conveyance to Brownsville and other points on upper Gucen river and throughout the country. .-.I I III OREI n RIVER ■ "1 n I l:\ hARMBRS DEPOSIT BANK BUILT OP WHITS LIMRSTONB OUARRIBD IN THB NBIOHBORROOD Smith's Grove has four churchi — Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian and Christian. These churches are all commodious in Bizc and neatlj and comfortably furnished. The Methodisl church is buih of white limestone quarried in the neighborhood. The Fa i:\ii bb' Bank, • Btablished in 1 889, is an in- stitution possessing the entire confidence of the people of the county and section. I t - proprietors, the M< -->-. I >avid and J. I!. Kirbj , are men of sterling character and tried in- tegrity, old unci wealthy citi- zens of the county and thor- oughly idcnti6ed « iili all its interests. The bank has re- sources according t" its state- ment of 1 B97, "t "\ er eighty thousand dollars, and a large surplus, besides I" ing further -i r. ogthi ned by the individual wealth <>f its individual own- ers, which i- large, in the most valuable real estate in the county and other available property. Mr. Jas, FLKirbyis its obliging cashier. The bank receives m j leposit, discounts notes, buys and Bells real estate paper, and energetically attends to :ill col- lections with which it may be entrusted. L. 1 1. Rabdall, Btockman — War- ren i nty, in addition to being one of the largest stock raising counties in the state, enjoys the distinction of pro- ducing a class "I saddle and road horses that attracts buyers from all sec- tions of tin- country. There are a number "i farmers aud stockmen \\li" make a specialty of breeding and train- ing horses foi saddle and driving pur- The Bcction of the county about Smith's Grove, m very fertile district in the eastern portion of the county, is quite famous for the number of breeders and trainers of this class of stock. Mr. I, 1 >. Rasdall, "in- of the principal breeders of fine horses in the county, lives in the town of Smith's Grove, where li>' has training grounds /and other conveniences for the care and l d rasdall FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVII.I.K. 55 comfort of his stock. Mr. Rasdall is a native of Warren county, as was also his father, Unas Rasdall. His grandfather came to Kentucky in L807 from North Carolina, and began farming in the section known as Sinking Creek. Mr. Rasdall's father, Urias Rasdall, engaged in the milling business on Sinking Creek, but moved to Smith's Grove in 18(55 and engaged in merchandising, in which business he continued until his death in 1■ benefited by the improvement of tin- rivers. Hitherto, however, 1 1 1 * • county has derived little benefit from these improvements. The slack water obtained by the construction of dam No I fails t" render 1 1 » * - river navigable for a sufficient distance t" be of service as a means oi transportation. Hence the i my remains in a great measure undeveloped. It is not because ofa lark of natural re- sources. The county possesses unlimited beds ol coal and iron, and her forests "I timber are almost untouched. Asphalt, brick and potters' clay and a superior marl form a part of nature's gifts t" tlii- county. The government of the United States is now constructing a dam and lock at the present bead of Black watei the river which will secure navigable water well into the interior of the comity. Surveys have been made by 1 1 » » - government for still another lock sixteen miles above the one now under construction, which, when built will give the county water transportation to it- eastern border. The Burface of the county is con- siderably broken l>y hills, I >n t on the whole is w< W adapted to the uses of agriculture. The bottom lands along the river and creeks are very rich, while the table and ridge lands produce well with proper cultivation, and are peculiarly suited to the growth of fruit The general character of the count) as to soil and topography i- adapted to the grazing of stock, [t is believed and asserted bj those acquainted with the subject, that Edmonson comity possesses all the natural requisites to make it the best sheep breeding and sheep grazing county in the State of Kentucky. The county is well watered by numerous springs and creeks and Bear creek and Nolin river are considerable streams. The celebrated Mam tli Cave is in the eastern extremity of this county. The I .8. census reports ^\\> the number of farms in Edmonson county at thirteen I. mid red ami eight, and the av< rag< acn - one hundred and eighteen. EDMONSON COUNTY PRODUCTS. i i i \ i \ i ii . i \-i -. i orn, Bashela •• Wheat, M'l' lrMi Potatoes, ■ noes, " Ponndi Bom " 54,787 81,1 56 88,515 17,468 - 10,168 Wax, Pounda Hav, I'cil- LIVE STOCK. N ii iiiIm r . " ( In. ken . . . i no i Soal, Tons, onlj di I 10,146 - 1,711 77.1 ••■*-• 148,168 FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 57 BROWNSVILLE. The county scat of Edmonson county is located about the center ol the county on the left bank of Green river, two hundred miles from Evansville by water. It is ten miles above the termination of present slack water. It has no transportation facilities other than wagon, except at rare intervals when the river is full, a small steamer may visit the town. Being thus cut off from communication with the outside world, the town shows little evi- dence of improvement. The population is about two hundred and fifty. The town was incorporated in 1837, but was laid out some time prior to 1825, when it became the county seat on the organization of the county. It has a district school and two churches. The court house is a good brick structure containing the county offices. The present county officers are: J. C. Dossey, county judge; J. L. Hazelip, county attorney; T. J. Woosley, circuit court clerk; Willis Meredith, county court clerk; Wm. Sanders, sheriff; Mitchell Vincent, superintendent of schools; James A. Skaggs, jailor. The principal merchants are: Woosley, Lay & Davis, dealing in general merchandise and produce; Beed & James, also general merchants, and S. T. Brooks, dealer in drugs, medicines and variety goods. The lawyers are: J. S. Lay, J. L. Hazelip, E. M. Harvey, M M. Logan. There are two practicing physicians, Dr. G. W. Arms and Dr. J. W. Morrow. There are two hotels. The town government is administered by a board of five trustees, police judge, marshal and treasurer, who is ex-officio secretary of the town board. Upon the completion of the lock and dam now in course of construction below the town and the establishment of water communication with the markets of the country, Brownsville will become an important center of trade, and the valuable and diversified resources of Edmonson county will undergo development. Hon. James S. Lav was born in Warren county, Kentucky, October 21st, 1853. He obtained a good English education in the common schools and in the county academy of his native county. He studied law in the office of Hal sail A: Mitchell at Bowling Green and was admitted to the bar in 1878. In the year 1879 he married Miss Louisa Francis Lewis, an accomplished young lady of Warren county, and soon after removed to Brownsville, the county seat of Edmonson county, and opened a law office, and has established a fine practice in the courts of that and adjoining counties. In 1882 he was elected county attorney for Edmonson county ami was re-elected in 1886. He has served as chairman of the Demo- 5 HON. J S LAY 58 THK C.KKK.N RIVER COUNTRY cratic county nmittee at different time* :inj h >inted and served a- auditor's agent for the inty under I..*'. Newman, state auditor. In 1895 be was elected to the state -c- N.it i- from the Eleventh senatorial district, composed ■■! the counties of Allen, Edmon- son and Warren, which position he now ln»l"th institutions before graduation. Hi- first professional work, as civil engineer, was in I s>n 1 and 1882 on the oonstructi t the New York terminal of the New York, West Shore and Buffalo railroad. Prom there be went, in 1882, to the Southern Pennsylvania railroad and was employed upon it- location and construction be- tween Barrisburg and Pittsburg as assistant engineer and resident engineer fr l >s . to tn 1885. < >n tin- road be had charge of construction amounting to five hundred thousand dollars, and was associated in doing thai work \\itli Messrs. Robt II. Sayre, Wm. F. Shunk ;uii| Oliver W. Barnes, three ol the most distinguished railroad civil engineers oi this coun- try. After that work he was engaged in L885 and I s -. as engineer and manager l«>r Messrs. O'Brien >V ('lark, i tractors, in charge "I their work on the new Croton aqueduct foi \. w York City, on which there were constantly employed from three t" six thousand in. ti. Prom 1887 to I s '-' l he was employed by 1 1 » * - Norfolk and Western railroad in Vir- ginia, Wesl Virginia and Ohio. While with thai company he was engineer in charge ol tin i Btruction "f the westerly half of its Clinch Vallej extension, which meets the Louis- ville and Nashville railroad at Norton, Virginia Thai work cost about one and a half million dollars. Be was later in charge of the construction of its < > 1 1 i < • extension, one hundred and ninetj miles long, from the Pocahontas coal field in Virginia to [ronton, Ohio, which work cost about five million dollars. In the fall of 1894 hi was employed by the I Inited States engineer officer at < lincinnati, and since has been emploj ed in thai office and in charge of constructing the \<><-k cm Bough River, which was completed in L896. Be is now in charge ••! construction of lock No. 5, Green River, which has been lately com- menced, a notable feature about Rough River lock is thai it is built entirely "t i trete, being the fifth concrete lock constructed in the world and the first constructed as ■ river luck. Tlic other four are canal locks. Another feature worthy .•( notice i- that the l<><'k, dam, abutment, guide cribs and all other auxiliary work oosl only eighty-five t housand dollar-. Mr. Hall i- a member of the American societj of •! large means and wields much influence in the aflkirs of the country around and is great- ly interested in its development. Joe. I '. Tak neb is a native "i Butler county. He received In- edu- cation in the schools "I !ii> native county, and has been identified with the people and ilnir interests since man- hood. He is the present circuit court < - I"tI< ..I the county, i" which office he was elec- ted in 1896 Mir. Tanner i~ a gentleman who stands high in th< ■ •!' the people of lii- county, who have ohosen him to serve them in one "t 1 1 • « - most important offices in their gift. Personally Mr. Tanner is a gentleman "t | • l« :i ~;i 1 1 1 111:11 r and agreeable presence. Hi- moral worth :mf Butler county, is situated on the left bank of Green one hundred and Bixty-five miles above its mouth. The count] was located b( re Boon after its organisation in 1810. The population "t Morgantown is about urn' thousand. It has m flourishing trade with :i large extent hi country mi both Bides "t the river and is the -lii|>|iin'_' and principal trading point for a num- ber of interior towns and villages. I fader the local option law "I the Blate saloons are ex- clllil. .1. LANDINO AT UOROANTOWN FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 61 There arc a number of general stores and shops and the business men and merchants of the place are active and enterprising. The town has three churches and one seminary of learning, at which tuition is free for a period of five months in the year. The Morgan- town Deposit Bank, located here, has a large patronage throughout the county. The general moral tone of the town is excellent and a Onion Sunday school conducted under the supcrintendency of Mr. John M. Carson, assisted by a devoted corps of teachers is one of the most flourishing on Green River. The Green River Republican, published by H. B. Morehead, Esq., an all home print paper and the only newspaper published in Butler county, is published here. The industries consist of one large roller flouring mill, a marble shop, saddlery shop ami two livery stables. There arc four physicians and six lawyers. Mr. W. A. Het.m, of Morgantown, Ivy., is one of the most prominent lawyers of the Green River country, being the oldest practicing lawyer at the Morgantown bar. He is forty years ot age, and has been reasonably successful in business. In 1894 he was a formidable candidate for the Democratic nomination tor Congress in the Third district of Kentucky. In 1806 he took the stump tor Win. J. Bryan for president, and has been more or less active in politics for many years. He was a delegate from his district to the Democratic National Con- vention in 1892, and refused to vote for the nomination of Mr. Cleveland. He has been for many years a director and attorney for the MorgantowD Deposit Bank. The Morgantown Seminary, con- ducted by the Messrs. Turner and Glasgow, is an educational establishment that docs great credit to the great enterprise of its founders. These two young men are ex- ceedingly well fitted for the task which they have undertaken, being possessed of exceptional educational attainments and social qualifications. The school under their management is destined to become an impor- tant factor in the progress and developement of the county. The new Baptist Church in course of construction, will, when completed, be one ofthe most attractive church edifices on Green River. It is built of brick, and the auditorium, pulpit and interior work are in hardwood finish, making a most beautiful appearance. The people of Morgantown arc noted for sociabilty and those qualities which tend to make social life pleasant and agreeable. There is no place on Green River where Sabbath observance is more strictly maintained than here. The Sunday schools and churches are Sabbath institutions that claim the attention of the people on the holy day. '' JUDGE W A. HELM. is destined to become an 62 THE OBI EJi RIVI B I "I N TRY Speed Guffy, attorney al law, is a native <>t Butler ooonty, Kv. lie- was educated in the common Bcbools "t the mty. and graduated at tip Morgaotown Beminary. He studied law with lii- father, I'.. L 1 '. Guffy, at present one ol the judges of the Kentucky court •>) appeals, and «;i» ad- mitted to 1 1 ■< - l>ar in 1889, engaging in a lucrative practice in his native and sur- rounding counties. Mr. Guffy stands in tin' front rank ol the legal profession in the state. M.i i un I iyloh i- one of the lead- ing attorneys of Butler county, hie residence being al Morgautown. Il< is a nativcut' the county, ami received hia education in tin- public schools ami at Auburn college. After completing his education he applied himeell !•> the study "f tin- law, ami was admitted t" practice in 1890. V- a lawyer Mr. Taylor stands high in tin- profession, ami is noted for his broad ami comprehen- col spbbd gdfpy B j ve knowledge "t tin- law in all its branches. Mr. Taylor is tin presenl master commissioner <>f tin Butler circuit court, the duties "I which position In is specially qualified t" fulfill, on aot nt oi lii- familiarity with legal proceedings and lii- ready un- derstanding of legal issues involv- ing important interests. In politics Mr. Taylor is a Democrat ami has always taken a verj prominent part in the councils and deliberations oi lii- party. Ili- activity in tlii- regard has com- mended lii in t" tin- members of his party in bo Btrong a manner that In 1 has at different times been urged to accept nominations for important offices in the gift i.t tin- people. In 1897 In- was pre- vailed ii|iini in accept tin- nomination for couut) attorney mi tin; Democratic ticket, ami altl gh defeated at the polls, such was lii- popularity ami ac- tivity in tin- canvass, that tin- usual ma- jority "t tin- opposition was re- duced very nearlj one-half. It ma) be said to the credit • ■( McClain Taylor that a- a partisan In i« devoid of acri- monioos feelings ami treats lii- oppo- McCLAIN TAYLOR. ATTORNEY AT LAW PROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 63 nents with the most uniform courtesy and consideration. As a public servant he has always illustrated the character of oue who realized his obligation to those whom he served, discharging his duties with fidelity and scrupulous regard for the in- terests of the people. A. H. TtTCK — Is a native of But- ler county. He was born and raised on a farm a few miles from Morgan- town, the county seat. He received his education in the common schools of the county and took a teacher's course in the Morgantown Normal college. In 1887 he was appointed chief deputy in the office of the county court clerk, which position he still occupies. Mr. Tuck is a young man of splendid business qualifications, excel- lent moral character and occupies a high social position among the people of his town and county. Dr. E. A. Cherry — In the pro- fession of medicine and surgery the people of Morgautown aud Butler county are especially fortunate in having the services of a man who is so highly gifted, both by natural and professional attainments as is Dr. E. A. Cherry. Dr. Cherry stands at the head of his profession in this section aud is frequently called into consultation in criti- cal cases far outside his own field of practice. He has performed with great success many surgical operations. Dr. Cherry is a native of Warren county, Kentucky, that has produced so many men of note scattered throughout the Green River country. He graduated in medicine at the university of Louisville, medical department, in the class of 1890. He is a post graduate of the New York Polyclinic institute, at which institution lie took a thorough and complete course in 1896. He located at Morgantown in 1892, where he has built up a remark- able practice in both branches of his profession. He has made a special study of surgery, to which branch he pays dr E a cherry special attention. Dr. Cherry is ex- COL. A H. TUCK 64 I III OREEN KlVh R COCN [ RY tremely ><> take ;i prominenl part iii the Booial life <>t his town. Be i- a strong democrat and an a§ "in- luit never allows politics t<> interfere'with his professional duties. In all matters pertaining to the public in ten ste ■ ■( his town and count] he is : i ti active worker. The Morgahtowb Deposii 1'.\nk — 'l"lii- bank was organized under Bpecial charter of the state in 1880. It has an authorized capital "I one hundred thousand dollars, a paid up capital of fifty thousand dollars and a surplus "f fourteen thousand dollars. It- first president was I ( Carson, and its first cashier was Jeromi I M ■'-. Binoe deceased. It- present officers are: T. C. Carson, president, and -I > >li 1 1 M Carson, cashier. The bank transacts a large f business in ilii- section in deposits and ex- changes and in making investments t"r its patrons, and enjoys the confidence of the people "•^■■w at home and abroad. Mr. Carson, the cashier, — HHaH^ali^iVHH - - - ._..--» j« prominent in the business affairs "l liU moroantown dbposit i town and county ami takes great interest in promoting the cause "I education and in the work of the church and Sim, lav schools, and altogether, is a type ol the reliable Christian gentleman. M Rs. .1. I >. Rem deb, « hose portrait appears herein, istbewifeof Mr. J. D. Render, a member of the Aberdeen Coal ami Mining Company, and ii- efficient general superintendent. Mrs. Render is a lady of fine presence and high mental attainments. Although extremely de- voted i" the circle "I her borne and the care and education "I the children >>t her household, she yel finds time to dis- charge all the duties she owes !•■ society, of which -li>' is an acknowledged leader. Willi her, however, home is her first care, and her affections are centered upon those who are closelj connected t" her. Masti i < llaron Render is a youth <>i much promise — bright and active in tempera- ment ami studious in habit 1 1< is Btrongl) attached to Iii- parents and in- herits many of their sterling qualities, MRS j. D rbndkr and mastbr claron rkndbr f*> * 1 '» * FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVA NSV I M/E. 65 ABERDEEN. SITE OF THE ABERDEEN COAL AND MINING COMPANY'S COAL MINING PLANT. The town of Aberdeen is located on the property of the Aberdeen Coal and Mining Company, 163 miles above Evansville, and thirty-seven below Bowling Green. The popu- lation is principally composed of the employees of the mines. The buildings of the town consist for the most part of comfortable cottages, with gardens attached, which the em- ployees occupy at a nominal rent. Schools and a house of worship are maintained and many artisans and farmers owning farms in the neighborhood, are settling in the town, the population of which is thus fast in- creasing. The Aberdeen Coal and Mining Company own and operate a large store here, doing an extensive business in general merchandise and handling the produce of the country around. There is no more important, available nor widely distributed element of wealth in the (irecn River valley than her great coal deposits. Her resources in this line in their im- portance and value equal that of any other territory in the world. She has within her boundaries as fine coal as ever was taken from the ground — equal in every way, either as a gas, coking or blacksmithing coal, to that of the finest Pittsburgh. Very little develop- ment has yet been made, and this in a great measure can be accounted for by the fact that the locks in Green River are too small to make the transportation of this great natural de- posit by water profitable. The increase in the size of these locks is considered at length under another head in this publication, and we do not care, in this artiele, which is intended to show up the importance of the Aberdeen Coal and Mining Company, to go into the question to any'great extent. But it is a matter that must sooner or later be taken up by the government and adjusted. No firm in the valley are pushing on their work, or doing more to place before the public the superiority of the coal mined in this section than is this company, which was organized in 1890. The company holds sixteen hundred acres of land and are opera- ting a drift mine — working vein No. 3. Employment is given to two hundred min- ers, and the company operates two tow boats, the J. T. Carson and I. X. Hook, and twenty barges. Be- sides the in i n i n g business the com- pany is engaged in the cross-tie trade, getting out about 4,000,000 cross-t i e s THE Aberdeen coal and mining company s mine opening and miners. . K y ■» . > ; fc.ite.' Af • A, . »Jfl *vi" * - flH ■MMEi i llSiftti ^^Hfif ' sl . Vm l&- a| P -' THK GR1 IN I : ! \" I R COUN1 RY anally. They own timber ri^lii- on twelve thousand acres ••! land on the upper Green River — but they also bave agents established :it Henderson, Kentucky, Mi. Vernon and Bvansvilh . I odiana Tin- officers of tin- company are: I. B. Wilford, president, and J. 1>. Bender, general superintend- ent Mr. I. I!. Wilford 's office is in Bowling Green, and here, his bod, II. M. Wilford, attends t" the local trade for the company. I. B. Wilford was born and reared in <:nli/. Kentucky, and began lit' .1- a merchant. In 1870 he went into the flouring mill business, and since then has built and operated mills In that city, and has recently 1 pleted ami bas now in operation a mill at Henderson, Kentucky. He came t" Bowling Green in 1885, and in the fall .•t 1893 I l;Iii an interest in the Aber- deen Coal and Mining Co The mem- bers "! the companj each invested in Aberdeen, Kentucky, over five thousand dollars, and are building a town at that I B WILFORD. . .. PRIS ABIRD«INC0AL*MIN.NOC0.Ri3ID«IICI.B0WUllO ORMN P>«* ,ll; " I"'"''"-" "' tllC IK a r tlll.liv |,, be a thriving little city. Mr. Wilford owns a magnificent bome in Bowling Green ami holds a large interest in asphalt land-. which he is oow interested in having devel- op .1 Ilr i- public spirited and is and bas been interested in many enterprises in B ling Green and throughout Kentucky, In the fall of 1892 he built the Wilford building "ii Park Bow— a magnificent stone structure three stories lii^li — the fines! building in the city. J. I ». Bender was born and reared in Butler 1 nty, and for a number of years clerked for both tli< iirts of that county. II. u:i- > of the original organizers ol the Aberdeen Coal and Mining C pany, and much "l tli«' prosperit} that ban attended the company \>:t- been due t" his exertions. He has at all times been thorough!} alive to the mining interests in 1 1 » i — section, and i« pushing forward with that untiring seal that make- success an absolute certainty. R M Wilford, Jr., one oi the Brm, was l>'>rn in < ladiz, Kentucky . and has been v M II Trump, au'l»rtlrl' J. Norwood. '« /f^ *n M J D RKNDBR OKNIRAL 81JPBRINTINDINT ABIRDUN COAL * MJNIHO CO . RBSIUINCI UOROANTOWN FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 67 recently admitted to partnership in the company. The Aberdeen Coal and Mining Company is doing more to develop the resources of the Green River valley than is any other institution. Messrs. Wilford and Render are live and energetic business men and deserve much credit for their success. The coal they take out, as said before, is equal to any mine on earth- Their supply is unlimited. The field in which they are operating is bound to become in a few years the source of fuel supply, both for us and the land to the south and west of us. The capacity of this mine is one million bushels per annum. The main office of the company is at Morgantown, Kentucky. The analysis of the Aberdeen coal shows the following elements ANALYSIS. Coal, per ct. Coke, perct. Water 6 40 20 Volatile matter 44 61 1 80 Fixed carbon 44 51 93 78 Sulphur Ash . Coal, perct. Coke, per ct. 68 .'.'.' 3 su 3 68 J. S. Cahy, Dept < hem. W. C. Ex. ROCHESTER. THIS enterprising little city is situated at lock number three on Green River, one hundred and twenty-six miles above Evansville by water. Mud River, one of the principal affluents of Green River, enters the latter stream a short distance below the town, and separates it from the hamlet of Skylesville on the opposite side. Rochester is sur- rounded by a good farming count r y adapted to the growth of cereals, grass and tobacco. The bottom lands of the Green and Mud rivers ad- jacent are specially noted for their fertil- ity, producing abund- ant crops of corn, oats ""^| Jg^ ' '.-, and grass. The population of Roch- ester is about one thousand, including the hamlets of Skylesville and McCrearysville. The town was settled in about the year 1837. Since its first settlement the town has been noted as an important trading and shipping point, during its entire history, having been the center of a heavy timber business, as well as the market for a large extent of country on both sides of the river. The merchants and business men of the town arc active and enterprising, and are entitled to special mention on account of the order and neatness in which VIEW OP LOCK AND DAM AT ROCHESTER AND STEAMER GAYOSO. OF E 0. & G. R. TRANS. CO 68 I HI 0KK1 n RIV1 l: ...INI RY their places <>( business an- kepi The merchants "t tin- place dealing in general merchandise are: l>- Bros, and James, also operating a large store at Rookport; Kinninmonth Bros, and Bays Bros Those dealing in special lines are: L a Co., dry g I- and clothing; Pool Bros, ancl II. I' Buggers, groceries; •'. D. Smith, drugs and staple groceries; Strother Bros., drugs; Mi-- Maj and Lizzie Willi>, millinerj ; Mi- Oma Ewing, drees making. There are two hotels, two livery stables and > flouring mill. The physiciaus ol the town an- l>r. W. C. Strother, W. C. Hunt and \\ P. Westerfield. INTERIOR OP OIBBS BROS A JAMES STORE. R" The Methodisl and Christian denominations have each aeon lions church building. The Baptists have i flourishing i gregation, bul ti" bouse "I worship. Judge L J. Gillett, Magistrate and Police Judge, holds the scales ol justict at the town hall, ami see* that the town ordinances are mithfull) observed, while Mr. I V Belcher, City Attorney, prosecutes with teal and fervor all violators of the public order. < me of the chief matters "I interest in Rochester is it- public school, open ten months in the Mar. The school building is commodious and well adapted to the needs ol the town. It includes a 1 1 inK School, grammar and primary department, all of which are provided with the necessary apparatus for effective teaching. The school is in cbarg Prof. \ I Groves, principal, assisted bj competent teachers in each department. FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVA NSVILLE. 69 Prof. X. T. Groves, of the Rochester schools, is of Welsh descent, and has inherited from his sturdy fore-fathers the positiveness of character and thai sense of the importance of detail, which are indispensible in the qualifications of the instructor of youth. Although still under sixty he has been a teacher thirty nine years, always earning and eliciting the commendations of the patrons of the institutions in which he has taught. He has taught in the schools of Keokuk, Iowa, Walla Walla, Washington, Tell City and Newburgh, Indiana, Stephens- port, Kentucky, and San Francisco, Cal- ifornia. He was called to the school at Rochester in 1l>s remaining in charge of the business at Rochester. Both of these establishments do a very large business, and it may be safely predicted that their volume will not grow less, under the fine business tact of the (lihlis Brothers. W. C. Strotheb, M. I). — The physician- of the Green River section will c ipare favor- ably in attainments and professional ability with these of any portion of Kentucky. There PROP. N T. GROVES 70 l III GREEN KIVKI; ' >.i s I l:v have been some eminent men in 1 1 ■ « - dioal profession, who have lived and made their homes on < Ireen River. The town of Rochesb r has had and n«>w baa its quota of nun of i hi- character. Among others «<■ menti special!) Dr. \V. C. Btrother, a young | >li \ ~i< i:m who enjoys a reputation for ability in the l>r:ici ii-. ..t i licine eqoal to anj of the younger members of the profession and who is scarely second to those who have been a life-time in the practice. Dr. Strother was born in Rochester, Butler county, April 25, 1 s 7n. and received his primary school training in the common boI I- of the county, and attended t li<- National Normal University of Lebanon, Ohio, for a period <•(' two years. \\ 1 1 i 1 • • -• curing his education, the doctor taught in the schools of bis Dative town !>>ni sions, acquitting himself in this capacity to the satisfacti f his fellow citizens. Hi graduated from the Louisville Medical ( lollegi . class of 1 S '-'T. after attending three full irses and began the practice in his native town the same year, entering at once upon a successful and remunerative busi- dr w c strothbr Qess. Dr.W. C Btrother is tin son oi Dr. .1. 1\ Btrother, one >>t tin- most prominent phj Bicians of Butler county, who was a successful practitioner for more than forty years. He died -Inly 16, 1893, universally regretted by the entire oo tunity in which he -pint a Useful ami helpful life. W. Fred Lox< — Among the many prominent ami promising young men of the Green River country none stand higher ami ale more deserved!} popular than he whose picture we here present ami whose biography we write. He is known, hon- on 'I ami l"\ ill by all ami his face i~ familiar in all western Kentucky. Mr. Long was born just across Mud river, in Bkylesville.Jnlj 13,1864. His father.Major \V. .1. I ."ii;:. 8r. is one of the oldest and most dearly beloved men of Butler county, II' married Miss Martha V. Askew, daughter "t Ri \ < Ihildi rs lsk< « . one ul the pioneer Methodist preachers in Kentuoky, in 1858. rwo children were the fruits of this union, Mi-- Effie, one of the prettiest, brightest ami most intellectual FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVA NSVIEEE. 71 young ladies of the Green River section, and W. Fred, the subject ol this sketch. Uncle Jack Long, as lie is familiarly known by his host of friends, emigrated from Virginia and settled in Butler county in 1855, where he was prosperous in his undertakings, and was engaged in fanning. In 1861, when the war dogs began to hay, when President Lincoln issued his first call for volunteers, Uncle Jack laid down his personal interests and went forth to defend his country. He enlisted in Company K, Eleventh Kentucky Volunteer Infantry and served as first and second lieutenant for three years and three months, was honorably discharged, came home, raised a battalion of state troops and was appointed major commanding the barracks at Bowling Green. When the war closed he moved to St. Clair county, 111., where W. Fred, was graduated in the public schools, and in 1880 he entered a commercial college, being awarded a diploma after a few months of close application. He learned telegraphy, and was for thirteen years employed by the following railroads: Ohio & Mississippi, Newport News & Mississippi Valley, Mobile & Ohio, St. Louis Iron Moun- tain & Southern and Ohio Valley as agent and operator, having charge of the principal stations, such as Beaver Dam and Uuiontown, Ky.; Lebanon and East St. Louis, 111.; Dyersburg and Memphis, Tenn.; Bald Knob and Beebe, Ark. In 1895 Mr. Long retired from the railroad service to occupy a more lucrative and responsible position with the National Building and Loan Association of Louisville, Ky., the largest financial institution of the kind in this part of the United States, as special agent for Kentucky. Mr. Long was married to Miss Lena Rivers Hays, oldest daughter of Mr. James R. Hays, at Rochester, Ky., May 27, 1884. This union was blessed with five children — Joseph E., Josephine Pearl, Viola and Marguerette. Mrs. Long died in 1891, and Mr. Long was again married to Miss Ella Butterworth Smith, daughter of R. N. Butterworth, of Dyersburg, Tenn., April 11, 1893. Mr. Long's second marriage has been blessed by the birth of one daugh- ter, Miss Mary J., a bright and lovable child. Mr. Long is an active Christian worker, taking great interest in Sunday school and Epworth League work. . He is a member ot the Board ot Stewards of the M. E. church, South, at Rochester. He is also a member ot the Masonic, Odd Fellows, and Golden Cross socie- ties,and is well-known as a republican, well posted in the affairs of state and nation. WOODBURY. The town of Wood- bury is in Butler county, and is situated at the junction ot Green and Barren Rivers, one hun- dred and seventy miles above the month of ( ireen River. Lock No. 4 on Green River is lo- cated here. The town FERRY AT ROCHESTER. 12 I in GREI N i;i\ i i: ■••iNi ky has a population of t \\ < > hundred souls. There are two general stores < !■ »i n ^ :i considerable business in dealing in domestic - Is and farm produo I II Meek, the largest dealer in bis line, lias been in business here fourteen years. M. W. Kuykendall, general mer- eliaul and druggist, also carries an extensive stock. There are two grocer) stores, a livery Btable and tw> hotels. There is one church building occupied by Methodist and Baptist congregations. W Ibury i~ tin- shipping point for Sugar Tree Grove, a trading point eight miles inland. HUNTSVILLE I- In Butler county, and is Bituated about four miles inland From Rochester, which is its shipping point. The population is about two hundred and fifty. It has two churc Methodist and Baptist— and a free district Bchool. Huntsville is well located and enjoys a thriving business in the midst ol a productive section of the country. The merchants of the place are: Hunt & Bro., general merchants; B. A. Vaughan, dealer in hardware, groceries and furniture; A. T. Gardner and J. Hunt A Bro., groceries. MUHLENBURGH COUNTY I IKS,, n the lift bank "f Green River, next below Butler and opposite <>lii,. county. ^ I'll, count] «:i- organized in 1798 and has an aria ol about five hundred and eighty square miles. It- population is about nineteen thousand. Tin- topographical aspect of the county i nsiderably diversified. The southern part of tin- county i- broken. Along the Green River tin ground i> broken up by liill- and ridges, with small valleys between fnrm- iiii: | kit- <>r small tracts nl' level land, rich from tin- washings of the higher ground. The uplands are undulating ami liable to « a s h. a bout one-half t li <■ county i- level land ami adapted to i I , growth "I -lain, grass and tobacco, ' Quantities ■ •I tin- finest timber -till remain unt shed in this county and main mills and w I- working in- dustries arc -,'• king location along tin lines river bntrancb to airdrib FROM HOWLING (JRKEN TO EVANSVIIXE. 73 mm*£ ton ;5*^h&S5S£ AIRDRIE, RUSTIC BRIDGE. VIEW FROM RIVER ENTRANCE. of railroads in the county on account of the timber supply. A considerable traffic ;it present consists in the shipment of staves and hoop-poles to eastern markets. Along Green River, about three miles inland, is a large tract called Cypress Swamp. This is covered with a growth of cypress, ash, red oak, white oak and catalpa. Thecypress trees are very large and a considerable industry is maintained by the manufacture of hand- made cypress shingles. The country is watered by numerous creeks and branches. The princi- ple of these are Pond ('reek, Long Creek, Big and Little Caney, Cliffly, Rock, Giles and Cypress. The chief agricultural product of the county is tobacco, the crop of 189(5 reaching three and a halt millions of pounds. The growth of other crops is receiving atten- tion as is shown by the table of products taken from the United States census reports. Wheat, corn, oats, grass and vegetables are produced and their production is increasing as the country develops, and is brought into connection with outside markets. Stock breeding and grazing is receiving more attention in recent years and numbers of beef cattle and fat hogs are exported annually. There are large quanti- ties of iron ore in the county. Works for its conversion were at one time established at Par- adise, on Green River, and at Iron Mountain, near Greenville, but for lack of transportation facilities were aban- doned. With the in- creased facilities for transportation now] being inaugurated, both by rail 'and river, this industry will no doubt be revived. Muhlenburgh stands fifth in the state in coal production. The output as given bv census reports of 1890, was nearly two hundred and seven thous- 6 AIRDRIE, BRIDGE AND TERRACE. OVERLOOKING RIVER. 71 I III ■.!:! I N RIVER 0OU.V1 RY ami tons. The report ■>! C J. Horn I. state mine inap vet the output for 1896 al iwu hundred and fifty-six thousand t<>n«. an increase of I" per cent. There an • ii'ln mines in operation. The most extensive is the Central, located al Central City, the property of the Central Coal and I run Company, a( the junction of the 1 1 1 i » i < . i — ( !entral and the < twens- boro and Nashville division "I the Louisville and Nashville railroad. The other mines an the Powderly, near Greenville on the Illinois Central railroad; Hillside, al Mercer station, game railroad ; Memphis mine, al Bevier, on the Owensboro and Nashville division of the Louisville and Nashville railroad j Silver Creek, al Sterling, on the same railroad; Mud River, on the same division; Pierce, al Drakeaboro, on tame division, and Paradise <'n < •> ■ ■ n River. Census reports give number of farms in the count} al two thousand and fifty- -. v. M ami avi of ( a.ii al one hundred and thirteen. MUHLENBURGH COUNTY PRODUCTS. i.. I OnUi. Whi Irinll I'lltlltllfn " Violin, " r. it '• mdi Wool, II ICTS. Poandi MM ii, 1 000 LIVE STOCK. 94 ' NiiinUr 8,110 II M.il. -. .. :ll Shi • p, " . . : 1 oal, n.iso ( hi. kens, N umber 1 1 low HI GREENVILLE The county Baal of Muhlenburgh inty, is located aboul the center -•! the count] . on the Illinois Central railroad, ten miles in la ml U Green River. The town was located in 1799, -""ii after the organisation "i the county. The population is fifteen hundred. The situation oi the town is high and conducive to healthfulnei G enville's sooietj is of a stable character and marked by thai degn e "i refinement and culture usually found in Ken- tucky oounty ton as, « bile the religious and educational in- ii rests of ili' community an well conserved. Then an four liriik church buildings, all sup- ported by flourishing congn tions. Tin s !• pre* nl the Meth- odist, Bouth; ili' Presb) U i ian, 8 iili; the Baptist and the < Cum- berland Pn tbj t-rian. Then also tw lored churches, tin- Mil' an M< tli'"li-t and Baptist. The sol I- are carried "ii in thi large colli x<- buildings in the ii a church » " r " -" l ""■ , '-■ ; ""' thesyatem rROM now 1 .1 N i ; i.ki:i n i" i \ v NH\ 1 1 I I is thai of the graded order, beginning with the prlmnr) and endlii|i with ii" aoadomio or scientific course, On the omnpus grounds "i tin- college ' mu l« I i i well arrangod and oapaoioui building For the hoc idal i honrdlnu. piipl I I he building is fitted for the aoooinmodation of one hundred pupil The lndii I i Greenville are quite extensive in the lino of special production llieri an low faotories engaged in the handling "l tobnooo, all owned and managed bj nntlvi ol < 1 1 ■• cm hi nl \ . TIicmc rsi;ilili.'.liini'iii :Ji "il> I i two third i" three quartci "i the tobaooo oropof i In' oounty. A siderable proportion "I I he | luol I "> liiel I Into chewing tobaooo, known in o moroo as " Uroonvillo tobai /'mid sold all ovei 1 I" south : 1 1 1 < I west. Am showing the magnitude "i the tobi Interesl of the county, wi note In uddl tion i" those mentioned abovo, a largo factor) al Carles, operated bj l>' Martini Uro,, i, ing and makinu strips and handling from live to nine hundred thoiisaiid pounds annually! one onoh at Paradise, Hon tli Carroll ton mid Hkylesvlllo, on (ireon River, all nl which handle a porl ion of I he orop, < >i her indusl ries are a planing mill, Hon ring mill and handle laotorj There air i\\" large general iton carrying stooks "i from nfto< n i" i « ! ni \ i hou ami dollar ■ eooh , four dry goods ami clot liiiic store , fow I Ij grooeries, three drug stores, three millinery stores, i wo Im nil me dialrr Mini undertakers, i lirou Mail, mil li shops, two hardware and agricultural implemcnl stores, two saddlery and harness mIoith, two shoe mIiu'ch, two ii i;iu i :i nl,, one hotel , i ivo htitchci hIiii|> , urn' tailor hop ami um- liver) table 'I'll I, I' I I: I \ A I I'iNA I. I'. i nl (Jrecuvil le is local ed i ti a very handsome new brick building on thi oorner of the public quart;, The bank wos organized \uyu t 1st, I 100 ii napltul iH fifty thou ami dollar , and il urplu fund I nlm thou and dollai '* ollleiu are Thomas II. Martin, president; Loui Reno, 'loi pri blent uiJam< H Martin Itufii Martin, Louis Reno, \V. A. Wickliffc and Kdgai I' Martin There are seventeen lawyer ami i p| n In th< town Tin ■ '' ■•• itrnrn composed of a mayor, a board of six council men, city clork, oil.) treasurci rtlty attorm police judge, marshal and night policeman. Then Idont count) officei an I' I Flem ing, judge count) court; Thos, V. Bumner, elerl circuit court; l (I Kllison, elerk county court; I) 'I'. Mill, county heriff; M.J. Roark, county attorney; I' II 1/yon, jailor; \V. \V. Lewis, count uperintendent, and J, It. Blackwell, ''.in,' ..i '| l,< mercantile ami bu i ablishmenl "i Q Ik an ■> follows: \' Martin A ' • I .. Bad*, l , \I. Morgan, Max Weir A- Co., I J. Jonei , ( ha (laughter, and a Cohan, general merchants; -I. K. Reynold* & Co., Wm, Lovell and •! I- Morgan, groc«rri< ' ii.niiin 76 l III GBEI n BIVEB ■ "I s l l^ Yeargan, and Green «v [rvin, hardware and agricultural implements; <>■ D iter, stoves ami tinware; W. II. Dewitt, saddlery ; 1». II. Myers, Jarvis & Williams, and Kahn A Gayle, < 1 niLTtri -' ~ : the Roark estate, and O'Brien & Miller, furniture and undertakers; Grundrydz Pitzpatrick, lively : Tab & Bon and Wickliffe Bros., flouring mills; T. J. Tin-- \*\ & Co., planing mill ; the Greenville Bantu r. newspaper and j'>li printing office ; T< «n> & Counts, Blaton & Bohannon and A. Lewis, physicians. .Ii doe 1>. J. Fleming is a native of Muhlenburgh county. Be was l">rn on the tenth day of January, 1834, on a farm in the eastern part "I the county, near 8kylesville. Beat- tended the com i schools of his county during boyh I, reading and studying while at lii- (arm labor, thus acquiring a practical English education. Be taught in the public schools of the county for about four years after attaining manfa I. working alternately >>i> lii.« father's farm. Be also taught in the schools of McLean a ty, mar Sacra- mento, where in the year 1858, he mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Gurst, who died in 1872. Be afterwards re-married in l~7l his present wife, still living. Thejudg family consists of wife and twelve chil- dren < »n the breaking out of the civil war he enlisted asa private in the union army in 1 1 1 * - First regiment Kentucky lii:lit artillery, Becond battery, f'>r three \. are I [e was at x I * • - battle of l"<>rt Donclson and participated in the vari- ous engagements that preceded the bat- tle "I Stum- River. Be was a partici- pant in thai great struggle and M- battery was strongly instrumental in checking the impulsive advance of the confederate forces under Breckent in that memorable battle, when the onion forces were driven back from ilicir position. Il< was promoted to a antcy in the battery after the battle. Be was a) the battle of Chicamauga, but l>i- battery did not '_ r, i into action on ac ml of the falling bank of the anion fon • - \ -hurt time after the battle "I Chicamauga he was honorably discharged from the servioi and retired t" his farm. In 1890 In- was elected county judge of Muhlenburgh county and was re-elected t" t Ik- same office in L894, which position he now holds. DAVID J FLEMING COUNTY JODOI UUHLBHBDROB COUNTY. CENTRAL CITY La situated about three miles inland from Green River, in Muhlenburgh county, al the junction of the Illinois Central and Owensboro and Nashville division of the Louisville and Nashville railroads. The population is about fifteen hundred. The place promisee t" be- oomi i considerable manufacturing point. Several important industries are already located FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVIKLE. 77 here, notably the Hiram Blow & Company, stave works ; the J. T. Jarvis & Son brick manufactory, and the large planing mill of T. Q,. Fortney. The Central Coal and Iron Company have a very extensive mining plant here, employing a large number of people. Central City has important trade relations with Evansville, her merchants obtaining a large portion of their goods and supplies from that city by way of the river. The shipping point is South Carrollton. The city has a good free school system and two good school buildings. There are six churches, embracing the following denominations: Baptist, Methodist Epis- copal South, Christian, Catholic, Presbyterian, and Cumberland Presbyterian. Besides the industries mentioned above there are two grist mills, one marble shop, one saw mill, one saddlery and one blacksmith shop. The business establishments of the city are represented by Gish Bros., John L. Gish, Hill & Helsley> W. T. Moore and the Central Coal and Iron Company, general merchants ; McDowell Bros, and Joseph Gates, groceries; McDowell & Felix and Central Coal and Iron Company, drugs ; Gish Bros., millinery; Cain & Hen- drix and J. Stout, liverymen. There are three hotels: the Paxton, the Commercial and the Railroad. Mrs. Nofsinger keeps a first-class private boarding house. The Central City Deposit Bank, organized under charter of the state, is one of the leading institutions of the city and county, transacting a large business in both town and country. The physicians are Drs. J. L. and J. W. McDowell and Dr. M. P. Creel. The city is supplied with water from Green River. A pumping station is maintained on the river, from which the water is forced through a main pipe a distance of two miles to a reservoir above the town, and thence supplied to consumers through a main and service pipes to all parts of the city. All the industries of the place are supplied with water from this source and it is in general use for domestic purposes. One newspaper is published here, the Central City Republican. The city government consists of* mayor and six coun- eil men, secretary, treasurer, police judge, city attorney and marshal. The Masonic fraternity, the A. O. U. W. and K. of H. all have flourishing lodges. HIRAM BLOW & COMPANY. One of the most important as well as most extensive wood-working industries in the Green River country is that operated by Hiram Blow & Co. These works are located at Central City, in Muhlenburgh county, on the lines of the I. C. and O. & >.'. railroads. The works at this place are confined to the manufacture of tight barrel staves, and have a capacity of twenty thousand staves per day. Whisky, oil, tierce, pork and syrup barrel staves are included in the manufactured product, but the linn make a specialty of the manu- facture ot a superior grade of white oak oil barrel staves. In connection with the works at Central City, and to provide ma- terial for their export trade, a large plant is operated at Draughon, Ark. This firm HIRAM BLOW re I III QREEB BIVEB OOUK IKY has Btave mills near Black Rook and Oaneyville, Cj . and a barrel factory at Tim— ville, Penn. They are also manufacturers of hardwood lumber, for which purpose they operate steam saws at Shrewsbury, Ky. In the various departments <t' i t ~ proximity to the bardw 1 timber <>t' Muhlen- HIRAU BLOW A CO S STAVE FACTORY burgh and surrounding counties. The main offices "t the company are at Central City, which is headquart) i - "t the entire system of w l-working establishments operated by this company in the south. Mr. Frank J. Pulton, tl bliging I kkeeperand cashier "t the firm, i- a young, wide-awake specimen "i western manhood — a native of Kansas. Central Coal & [boh Co.— Banner Coleman, president; R R. Hathaway, vice president; 8. Coleman, secretary, and Hywel Davies, general manager. The main offio "t the company is at Louisville, Kentucky; the office "f general manager is at Central City, in Mublenburgl unty. This company is the largesl producer of coal in the Green River Valley. They operate the Central mine at Central <'itv. in Muhlenburgfa county, and the I.', nder mine, six miles east of Rockport, in Ohio county. Both mines arc w < >rk. if in the same vein. The output "I the two mines t'^r 1896, a rding to the report "t State Mine Inspector Norw I was near two hundred thousand tons The company own a large area of coal lands in the vicinity of its mines, and has also, large real estate interests in Central City, of which this company i.- the founder. SOUTH CARROLLTON. \ town delightfully situated on a high plateau on the lefl bank of Green River, in Muhlenburgh county, about equi-distant between Evansville and Bowling Green. It i- on the line of the Owensboro branch of thi I. & N. railroad. The town occupies a lii-rli and salubrious situation, and is Burrounded by ■ well-improved and fertile region "t (arming FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVTI.LE. 79 WEST KENTUCKY COLLEGE SHOWING CAMPUS AND MAIN SCHOOL BOILDINO. country. It is an important shipping point for a large section of country, including such important inland trade centers as Central City, Greenville, Earles and Bremen. The pop- ulation is six hundred. The local trade of the town is considerable, and its merchants bear a high reputation for promptness and integrity. Four general stores, four grocery stores, two drug stores, two millinery stores, two marble shops, two livery stables, two blacksmith and w l-working simps transact the business of the town. There are two good hotels and one large flouring mill. The Methodists and Baptists, each have (•< nodious church edifices and flourishing congregations. The physicians of the place are Drs. J. R. Barnes and John N. Moorman. South Carrollton enjoys the distinction of being the seat of the West Kentucky College, an institution of learning that occupies a high position among the educational institutions of the state. Its founder, Prof. Way land Alexander, Ph.D., was born of Scotch-Irish parentage, in Jefferson county, Ky., June 26th, 1839. His boyhood was spent upon his father's farm, where he acquired those habits of industry and self-reliance that have been marked features in his character all through life. The vigor of his intellect was such that at the age of fourteen lie entered Asbury College, Greencastle, Ind., where" he remained two years, studying under eminent pro- fessors. From Asbury he went to Shelbyville, Ky., remaining two years in the college there, prosecuting his studies under gifted instructors. He spent some time in the study of la\v ) with a view of making the legal profes- sion his life work, but finding the law uncongenial, he determined to devote himself to teaching, thus finding the field of usefulness for which nature had specially endowed him. His first work in his chosen profession was at Sacra- mento, McLean county, where he opened and taught a school with marked suc- cess, demonstrating fully his ability as a teacher. While teaching his first school (in 1860) lie met and married Miss west Kentucky college, primary department THE OBJ K\ l:l\ I i: • ..I s 1 KY Jennie I >:i\ it . :i in->-t worthy and accomplished young lady, whose many excellent qualities nt' both head and heart, have contributed in do small degree to the si ess which has attended her husband's work. Prom the time In- entered U| hi- tir-t educational work, in 1858) down to the present time, covering :i period of thirty-nine years, Dr. Alexander has been continuously engaged in teaching, with the exception of m -hurt period during the civil war. Il< established the s..uth Carrollton Male and Female Institute in 1*7:1, which, ;i- long as he remained :ii it- head, was ■ of the -t flourishing schools of the entire Green River valley, Beveral of whose graduates, both male ami female, have attained eminence in the learned professions. He was called to the presidency of the Hartford College and Business Institute in 1880, remaining in charge of this institution t\\n years. In 1882 he became the president of the West Kentucky < Classical and Normal Collej - uth < Sarrollton, where be built up one of the largest and most thorough normals in the state of Kentucky. In 1886 he was again elected president nt Hartford College, remaining at the bead of that institution a number of years, when he was again prevailed upon by the citizens of 8outfa Carrollton to assume control ofthecollege at that place. The college buildings and grounds wen deeded to him in order that hi- efforts in behalf of the institution might be completely untrammelled. The wisdom of this oourse on the part "t the citizens "t South < Carrollton has been demonstrated bj the result. The fame of Dr. Alexander as an instructor, the universal esteem in which In- i- held as a man. hi- tireless energj and executive ability in the management of the affairs "I the college, has Imilt ii|i an institution sei 1 to none in tin- whole < Ireen River valley. West Kentucky College, in its fame and it- usefulness, is wholly the work of 1 >r. Alexander, and if tin ri should be no other monument erected to hi- memory, this grand school lur boys and trirlr- in the heart of the < rreen River country, will perpetuate the memory of it- founder through after years. W i close thi- brief sketch "t Dr. Alexander's lili' and labors with a quotation from a paper furnished by Mr. William Poster, Jr., a former pupil of Dr. Alexander'a, and iniw one nt' the professors in the department <>t chemistry at Princeton, N. J., read on the occasion "t the reunion and commencement exercises of West Kentucky ' College, Jum 3d and 1th. 1897: "We all gratulate Dr. Alexander upon hi- long years "t beneficent Bervioe, upon the useful men and women educated under his guiding care, upon his valuable contribution to the educational history and development ••! Kentucky and other states, and upon tin splendid work he and his co-laborers are now doing at West Kentucky College. Let ii- all hope thai bis influence will grow wider as thi _: I i ■ It ■ by, and that he shall have yet a long period of active, useful service for the development of the human race." L. 1'. Downs was born on Rough river, in Ohio county, mar Hartford Ky . on the 22d . 1 : i \ of January, 1850. He removed with bis father on Green River about the <■!■ the civil war in 1865, He was then only a slender lad of fifteen, Boon after settling upon < in i n River be began cutting timber on a small scale, at which business he continued, mar- rying in 1869 Miss l'n in ii' M. Rowe. This marriage resulted in the birth often children. His father died in about the same year of his marriage with Miss Re Boon after his marriage he began timber cutting and dealing on a large scale, his services always being in demand by the extensive saw mills of Evansville. He has probably run more saw logs nt' his own cutting on » rreen River than any other man on the river. He is now -till in the n_' business, being in the employ of John A. Reiti r his in- tegritj and business cbaracfa • Heow os a fine (arm of f-iur hundred acres of rich bottom land "ii FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 81 Greeu River, upon which lie has a beautiful residence two miles below South Carrollton, in Ohio county. Mr. Downs is a Baptist and also a member of the Masonic fraternity. In polities he is a strong republican. His grandfather was the celebrated pioneer baptist preacher, Wm. Downs, who came to the Green River country while the In- dians were still in possession. Wm. S. Vice — Mr. Vick is a resident of South Carrollton, and is proud of the land of his birth, the Green River country. He was born on a farm in Muhlenburgh county, five miles west of Greenville, on the 30th of April, 1864. He obtained a good English education in the county schools and at the same time worked man- fully i>n the farm until he reached his majority. After reaching manhood he cm- barked in the livery business for a short time — but a more congenial opening pre- senting itself — he engaged in the business of a commercial traveler, continuing on L P. DOWNS, FARMER AND TIMBER DEALER the road for a period ot five years in the Western states and territories. In 1891 he married Miss Jennie L. Gordon, of South Carrollton, a most estimable young lady, since which time he has confined his travels to the State of Kentucky — mainly the Green River country. Mr. Vick has a pleasant home in the town of South Carrollton, whose attractions — a devoted wife and two interesting children, a girl and a boy — constitute the magnet that draws him to its sacred precincts in spite of the allurements of business. Dr. J. R. Barnes was born in Ohio county, Ky., March 8th, 1858. His father, David A. Barnes, (deceased) was a prosperous farmer and stock raiser. His mother's maiden name was Cath- erine A. Birkhead, who was a member of one of the most prominent families of Daviess county, Ky. Dr. Barnes spent the early part of his life upon his lather's farm and in the public schools of the county. When he attained his ma- jority he went to Daviess county and engaged in farming and cattle grazing, col. w s vick w ' tn u ' s unc ' e , Thomas \\\ Birkhead. THK GREEN KIVKi: OOUNTBV In 1882 be left the farm ami entered West Kentucky College, then presided over by that prim educators, Dr. W. AJexander. He remained in wl I t *• > 1 1 r j graduating from Hartford college in 1886, receiving the degree of A. B. His standing in the class was Buch thai he w:>- made it- valedictorian. In the rammer of M . he went to Bvansville, Ind., and tiMik ;i business course, and bad charge «>t' the commercial department in Hart- ford college the following year During the two years next succeeding his gradua- tion from Hartford college, he taught :i graded school :ii Mason vi lie, Daviess county, Kv. In 1888 he was called to till the chair of mathematics and natural science in W • -• Kentucky College. In he i' signed tlii- position and en- t. n <1 the medical department "t the university of Louisville, Ky., graduat- ing from that institution in 1892. Dr. Barnes is a firm believer iu the "germ theory" of diseases, and while in medical college he t< .« >k :i thorough course in bacteriology and microscopical tech- nology, becoming thoroughly acquainted with the use of the microscope. Shortly :iltrr leaving scl I he purchased :i fine mi- croscope of his own with all the neoessarj equipments, and has Bince been called upon i" do nearly all the microscopical work of the medical profession in tln~ part of the Green River country. He began the practice of medicine with l>r. W. E. [rvin :it S.utli Carroll- ton, June 10th, 1>'.''J, but after -i\ months In- bought l>r. trvi it and assumed the entire practice. In 1889 he was married t" Miss Nannie Ni:il. daughter "l W. II. and Nancy J. Neal, "t the aforesaid place. Dr. Barues i> a Bteward in the Methodist Church, s.putli. of which he has been a member Bince the winter of l s ^ ll< is a buo- il and progressive physician, keeping fully abreast "t the times in lii- profession. II- ia :i member of the American Medical Association, the Kentucky State Medical Society and the Muhlen- burgh count} Board of Health. He is also medical examiner for six different old line life insurance companies AIRDRE. This is one of the most interesting spots on :i River. Not because of anj peculiar charm arising from natural location or artificial embellish- DR J R BARNES OBN D C BUBLL FROM BOWMNG GREEN TO EVAXSVILLE. 83 ment, but because it is and has been for many years, the home of one of America's illus- trious citizens. At the close of the civil war General D. C. Buell retired from public life aud sought seclusion here upon the rugged banks of Green River. The motive for this seclusion has never passed the breast of General Buell. The fact remains that here in the calm and quiet of his woods and farms this almost lone survivor of the great leaders of the union army is content to spend the evening of life. The house aud grounds of Airdrie are located upon the crest of a moderately high bluff on the left hand bank of the river, about one mile below Paradise. The latter is its post town. The dwelling house at Airdrie is a two-story frame with wide central hall and wing extending back, containing dining room, kitchen and storerooms. A AIRDRIE. HOME OF GENERAL BUELL. veranda spans the front of the house from which is obtained a view of the river for a con- siderable distance up and down. A narrow lawn set with flower beds and flanked by forest trees, descends somewhat steeply from the front of the house to the river bank. The view of Airdrie from the river is impaired by the presence of these trees and other low growth near the water's edge. Airdrie is not a grand place made resplendent by the skill of the architect, the sculptor's chisel or the painter's brush. No special effort has been bestowed upon its ornamentation. It is simply the plain and unpretentious home of a cultured gen- tleman. Graveled walks extending to different parts of the forest covered grounds and whitewashed arbors reached by rustic bridges over intervening ravines, make up the sum of human infringement on nature's domain. The untrimmed woods, canopying moss-grown banks and tenanted by nature's choirs, seem to accord best with the mood of the master of -I TIIK GREEN RIVER I Ol MIIV Airdrie. The melodies of the circling groves, the Boftly flowing river, the Tine-draped cliffs, the sobdued sounds "i forest life and the peaceful ••aim thai rests upon all, an- in liar- iiv with the spirit thai turned him aside from the hurrying multitude of In- fellow men. General Buell is nearing, if not alread) past his three - rami ten years, but he does not Iniik his age. The life forces inherited from a hardy ancestry and conserved bj an al>- stemious life, have opt rati d t" proloog ld> physical and mental vigor beyond that of ordinary men. 1 1 • is a strict disciplinarian, as might !»• expected from bis education and training, subjecting himself and household t" a regular round "t' duties and labors. Ordinarily, bis time is divided between lii- farms, his poultry, of which he is an enthusiastic breeder, and hi~ library . II*- is not a recluse by an} means. His Bplendid engineering talent and militarj knowledge have made lii- services desirable to the govt rnment in connection with the |>n!>- lic work no« proceeding at Shiloh battle-field. Beyond the time spent in the execution nt tlii- commission he seldom goes abroad. He occasionally visits points in his neighbor- hood, \\ here he is an in- teresting figure, on ac- count "t bis Boldierly bearing and martial :i| >- pearance on horseback. He i- much addicted t" horseback exercise, a habit acquired during his campaigning days and persevered in lor it- healthrulness and ex- hilerating effect. 1 tressed in 1 1 i lt 1 1 i • • | • boots, slouch hat and coat buttoned to the chin and Bitting t tlii- porti t the state ol Kentucky, having devoted years tn investigations relative t" tlii- branch of her resources. In pers General Buell is about five feel ten inches in stature, sparely, though sturdily built, and weighs aboul one hundred and fifty pounds. His carriage is erect, and lii> uiotious active, yet deliberate. His manner is reserved, though nol unsocial. His general bearing in social converse is that of though tfulness tending to intro- -|i. itinn. He is a ready, t li< .u l^I i not a fluent conversationalist, and impresses one as being incapable of indulging in light talk or humor. The portrait a mpanying this sketch is from a photograph taken in 1864, and is the onlj profile likeness of General Hindi in ex- istence. It recalls a dark hour in the history ol our i ntry, l>m it also reminds us of tin- AIRDRIB. HRIDGB AND BRANCH ROAD FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EV A NSVILLE. 85 debt of love and veneration we owe to those noble spirits who stood as the nation's bulwark of safety while the tearful shadow passed. Time has seared the wounds of fratricidal strife and drawn its flower-wrought robe over fields sodden with the blond of brothers, but it has uot effaced from the minds of the survivors of the struggle a shuddering sense of its horrors nor a tender reverence for its heroes. PARADISE, Located on the left bank of the river, in Muhlenburgh county, is one hundred and seven- teen miles from Evansville. It is a thriving shipping point for a productive country ad- jacent and for several interior points. J. Brown, W. S. Fox and Wallace Bros., are deal- ers iu general merchandise and country produce. Wm. Shackelton, tobacco dealer, operates a stemmery at this point, handling a large share of this staple in the neighborhood. Mr Shackelton has been in business here for thirty years. EARLES, A trading point eleven miles from South Carrollton, which is its shipping point. II. Martin A: Bro. operate an extensive tobacco factory here, making strips. Moore & Martin are proprietors of a general store, handling all kinds of country produce and conducting a very large and prosperous business. OHIO COUNTY. JT^HIS county is the fifth of the series lying on the navigable waters of Green River. X It is on the east side of the river, next below Butler, although nearly in line with Muhlenburgh in its relation to the river. But the river in its tortuous course after flow- ing through Butler, enters Ohio county twenty-five miles above the line of Muhlenburgh, flows some ten miles on its territory, and returns to Butler county. After flowing in the latter county for a distance of twelve to fifteen miles it again returns and for a short dis- tance forms the boundary between Ohio and Butler counties, when it finally becomes the dividing line between Ohio on the right and Muhlenburgh and McLean on the left bank of the river for a distance of more than forty miles. Ohio county has about fifty miles of navigable water frontage. Ceralvo, Rockport and Cromwell are important shipping points on this frontage, while there are a number of trading points and landings of lesser note. The county of Ohio is one of the original territorial divisions of the state of Kentucky at its first organization. It was named after the Ohio River, although no part of it touches that river. The county is iu the coal field of western Kentucky, and has an area of three hundred and eighty thousand acres, or nearly six hundred square miles. In common I 111 OR J kn l:l\t R COUN1 RY with the entire Green River section, thi> county was originally covered with a dense growth "I forest timber. A great deal of this timber has been out down and rafted to the saw mills ol Evansville or converted into lumber for local use, but there yel remains large tracts "i fine timbered land almost untouched. The coal mined in the count] is mainly from No. 9 vein, celebrated throughout tin- country for it- adaptation i" steam and domestic use. No. 1 1 vein i- also workable in this county. Along the line of the [llinois Central railroad, which runs through the southern pari of the county and crosses the river at Rockport, are a number of mines in operation, all working No. 9 vein. The McHenry Coal ami Mining Company and the Central ' ami Iron Company both operate extensive mines on this line, the former the McHenry and the Echols and the latter the Render mine. The Williams and the Taylor mines in tin- -aim neighbor] I are actively worked. This entire group ol mines is within a short distance oi Rockport, on Green River. The Central Coal and Iron Company also operate a mine at Central City, in Muhlenburgh county, in the -aim- vein. There are also productive mini - at Fordsville and I •■ anefield, in the eastern pari ol the count] . The Jamestown Coal Com- pany operate a mine three miles above Liver- more. The product of tin- mine is consumed in the local market. Six- teen men are emplo] ed. The vein worked is N 9, of a good qualitj . The mine is worked by drift. W. s. Trunin II, secre- tary ami tr. asurer ami also manager, ami F. < >. ( oilman, president. ( >ln,. county ranks third in tin- -tad in the volume of her coal product. Hopkins ami Whitley, in tin order named, being the only counties producing a larger quantity. Tin' county contains immense beds of iron ore, the conversion of which, in tin' early future, is destined to become a vast industry. Proft Shalir. director of the Kentuckj geological survey, says : "There i> iron ore enough in this region to run fifty furnaces for centuries. It oapathe hills and can be worked at verj little expense." The surface of the county i- less broken than that ol so t' the counties lying above it. Along the water courses there an- considerable tract- ot hilly lands, but a large portion of the count] presents a measurabl] level surface well adapt* •! to forming ami grazing purposes. The -oil i~ alluvial or sandy loam, according to thi accident ol it- formation ami produces all the cerials, grass and tobacco. The culture of fruit is a grow- ing industry— the census reports giving tin- county third place in tin- production ol apples and peaches among the counties ol the Green River Valley. The county is well supplied with water by numerous streama, creeks and springs. Rough River, the principaJ stream LOCK AND DAM ON ROUGH RIVER FROM BO\VI,IN(; GREEN TO EVANSV1 1. I.E. 87 in tlif county, crosses it from easl to west and is made navigable to Hartford, the county .scat, 1)V means of slack water obtained by lock and dam nine miles from its mouth and about twenty miles below Hart- ford. Panther ('reck in the northern, Caney Creek in the eastern, and Mud Creek and Beaver Dam Creek in the south- ern portions of the county are all valuable irrigating streams. The output of coal of the county, as given by the United States census reports tor the ^H year 1889, was two hundred and forty-six thousand two hundred and fifty-three tons. The report of Mine In- spector Norwood gives the out- put for the year 1896 at three hundred and sixty-eight thous- and and ninety-four tons, an increase in production of thirty-three percent, products for Ohio county census report of 1890: BRIDGE OVER ROUGH RIVER AT HARTFORD Table of OHIO COUNTY PRODUCTS. Farms Acreage Live Stock, Farm Products, Number Val 2,993 110 $ 817,475 $ 734,590 Corn. Oats, Wheat, Apples, Peaches, Irish Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes Bushels 948,889 90,000 57,000 163,118 18,288 36,566 8,502 Value Garden Products $ 1,392 Tobacco, Pounds 1,760,368 Broom Corn, Pounds Honey, " Beeswax, " Wool, Hay, Coal, Coal, Horses, Mules, Sheep, Hogs, Chickens, Eggs, Tons fc Value .... UVE STOCK. Number Dozen 3,596 26,185 504 43,785 9,364 246,253 $ 200,497 5,897 1,719 12,497 29,546 193,133 357,296 HARTFORD, The county seat of Ohio county, is situated near the center of the county, at the head of navigation on Rough River, one hundred and twenty miles from the city of Evansville. The population of the town is about one thousand, and being the seat of justice and principal town in the county, numbers among its citizens many men of prominence throughout the state, in the several professions of law, medicine and politics. The city is built on the left bank of Rough River, and has an elevated situation on ground sloping to the river. It is surrounded by a rich and well-improved farming country, and is within easy reach of the hard-w 1 timber of the river forests, offering superior inducements for the establishment of woodworking industries. The town has no railroad connections, Beaver Dam being the u l ill OKI EN i:i\ l l: < .11 m \;\ uearesl railroad point, \\lii«li is on the [llinois Central, five milea away. Two stagt lines making two iri|i- each daily, connect with train- on the above-mentioned road. The oourt bouse i- Iniili (if brick, surrounded bj a rather ornate iron fence, and the grounds about the county buildings are shaded by fine old trees. In appearance the town i» thrifty and impresses one with a Bense of stability. Many of the business houses are built of brick and are r y ami oon\ eniently arranged. Three sidi - of the public square are solidly built up with business bouses as is also the main Btreel leading t" the river binding. The new brick block Imilt'aml owned by Mr. S. K. Cox, of the Ohio county bank, on the northeast corner ■ >t Main street and 1 1 * * - public square, i- a very handsome building of modern construction, ami adds greatly (•< the appearance of tin- town. The trade of Hartford is largely local, but, being surrounded by a populous and productive region of country, the volume "i business 'I by her merchants i- verj large. There an a numbt r of gt neral stores, carrying large Btocks "t merchandise, besides many smalh i talili-lnmnt- dealing ill special lines. AJmost every line <>t' trade and business is represented. There arc- two banks, the < >hio < '"iintv Bank and the Bank of Hartford ; two hotels, a number "I boarding houses and two livery Btables. Tin- bar of Hartford is of more than provincial celebrity in the ability "I it- mem- bers. >"im- ut the oldest ami ablest lawyers in t h i- Btate are located here, and the youi members of the profession are justly celebrated t'>r their talents and high legal attain- ments. Henrj D. Mil ienry, a former member ol congress from this district, now deceased, was a native oft )lii< > county and a member of it- bar. His widow >till liv< - in Hartford, "t which -In has been a resident !'■ >r forty-one years. The bistorj "l the town dates back to a period co-incident with the first settlement of Kentucky. The first recorded plat "I the town i- dated May 6th, 1816, but at least as earl} as 1790, and probably as early as 1786, there was a settlement and fort near Ibe Bite of the present town. In Collins' historical sketches it i- Btated: "The immediate vicinity of Hartford was settled at a very early period ami was often the scene of bl ly strife and acts of noble daring. Hartford and Barnett's -tat imi- were about two miles apart, and, although never regularh besieged, were frequently harrassed by Btraggling parties "f Indian-, ami a number "t persons who ventured out "t Bight of the stations were killed or captured. In April, 1790, the Indians waylaid Bar- m it'- station and killed t«" ■■( the ohildreu of John Anderson, < foe of the party aaaanlted Mi- Anderson w itli a Bword, inflicted several wounds upon her person, and while in thi of taking off her scalp John Miller ran up « ithin about t«' my Bt< | - and wappt ■! bis rill' at RESIDENCE OP H P TAYLOH ESQ FROM BOWLING UKKEN TO KV ANSVILEE. 89 him. The Indian fled, leaving his sword, but succeeded in carrying off the scalp of Mrs. Anderson. She, however, recovered and lived some ten or twelve years afterwards. The same party captured and carried off Hannah Barnett, a daughter of Col. Joseph Barnett, then a girl of about ten years of age. They retained her as a captive until October of tiie same year, when through the instrumentality other brother-in-law, Robert Baird, she was restored to her friends." The date of these incidents places the first settlement of the town some time anterior to the year 1 790. The following is a brief crtalogue of the business men of Hartford : Carson & Co., dealers in dry goods, clothing and furniture; J. A. Thomas, general merchant; Pate Bros., groceries; Fair & Co., general merchants; J. E. Fogle & Co., dry goods and clothing- George Klein, hardware and notions; A. D. White, hardware and groceries; Thomas Bros., groceries; Z. W. Griffin, drugs; James Williams, drugs; Mrs. Anna Lewis, millinery; J. H. Patten & H. Field, livery. There are three hotels, the Commercial Hotel, the Hartford, and the Yeiser Mouse. The leading industries of Hartford are a large flouring mill and wool-carding establishment operated by J. W. Ford & Co. This firm also operates a saw mill. A saw mill is operated by Patten iv. Condit, who are also dealers in lumber. There are three blacksmithing and wood-working shops — R. H. Gillespie, A. Tweeddle and J. W. Ford & ( o. There are two banks, the Ohio County Bank, a cut of whose building is given herein, ami the Hartford Bank. There are three handsome churches, occupied by the Methodists, the Baptists and the Cumberland Presbyterians. The Christian denomina- tion has a congregation, but no church building. There are two colored churches, Baptist and Methodist. The town has a good system of free schools, supported by local taxation. The Hartford College, under the man- agement of Profs. Morton and Crowe, is an institution of much prominence in the section. Its curriculum embraces a full collegiate course The educa- tional interests of the county are in the hands of Mr. Z. H. Schultz, superintend- ent of schools, who is a young man of excellent attainments, and zealous in the advancement of the cause of education. The schools of the county under his man- agement and oversight are in a most ef- ficient and satisfactory condition. Two good newspapers are published here — the Hartford Courier and the Hartford Republican. The practicing physicians are Drs. E. W. Ford, J. 8. Morton, F. B. Pendleton and J. T. Miller. The Ohio County Bank — This institution was established in February, L896, by ('apt. Samuel K. Cox under the general banking law of the state of Ken- tucky. It is a private institution, being entirely owned and controlled by its founder. The last report of 7 OHIO COUNTY BANK BUILDING S. K. COX. OWNER. THE GREEN RIVER OOt M RY the affairs "i the bank made to the secretary <<( state under the prot isions "i the Ian shows thirty-two il Band 'i^lii hundred and forty dollars :in«l twenty-nine oenta assets, and tin- bank to '»' in a very satisfactory condition. Captain Cox bas a very commodious new brick building, one-half "f which is occupied by lii- bank and the other by Fair & Co. aaa general store. Mr. Cox i- :i nativeof Hancock county, Kentucky, but has been an I red citizen of < >lii unty for thirty -s v< a years. He served three terms as tj court clerk of the county and was cashier "I the bank "i Hartford ti>r thirteen years. Captain Cox is greatly interested in the affairs of bis town and county and in the development "t the Green River section. He enjoys the confidenci and estee f his fellow citizens and in all the relations of life is a -t estimable gentleman. The social structure in its last analysis rests upon a few individuals, and frequently strong individuality gives t and coloring ti> the social status of an entire community. In the commercial world, in the professions, in literature :'nr i i I,,. recognized as leaders in their several callings. Brains and energy are two of the constituent elements in the make-up of the man who steps to the front. These factors, when properly directed and controlled by a sense of moral obligation, arc sure t>> result in worldly preferment t" their possessor and substantial good t" the community in which they are exercised. There are many liiiidit examples "I tin- type of men in * > 1 * i * ► county, who -land forth prominently as leaders in every walk -i t i • »i i in Hartford College where FltoM BOWLING GREEN To EVAN8VILLE. ill lir t : i u u' 1 1 1 (<>r lour years. Here he studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1890 and at once began an active practice, soon after forminga partnership with Mr. E. D. Guffy, which continued until Mr. GufFy withdrew from the firm to become assistant secretary of state in 1896, since which time Mr. RingO has continued to enjoy a large practice, as the firm hadduringits previous existence. In December, 1892, Mr. Ringo was married to Miss Emma M. Ryan, of Logan county, and she, together with his mother and a baby hoy, now one year old, make up his family. Mr. Ringo has not been a politician in the sense of seeking office. In 1893 lie was appointed master commissioner of the Ohio circuit t -t, which position he now holds. He was for two years member for his district of the State Hoard of Equalization, and during 1896 was chairman of that body. He has always been a democrat, and is a strong supporter of democratic doctrines. He has lor a number of years been a member of the Methodist church, Si uth, and is an active worker in the Sunday school and other institutions of that church. His personal character and professional stand- ing you may know about from anybody in this locality. He has a pleasant home in Hartford, where his friends are always welcome. James S. GlENN was horn on a farm in Ohio county, Ky., on the 29th day of November, 1857. He obtained his education in the common schools of his native county and at the West Ken- tucky college at South Carrollton, Ky., from which he graduated with honor in 1879. In 1880 he married Miss Belle Barnes, of Hartford. His first work after leaving college was teaching in the Hartford college, in which he occupied the chair of ancient languages and natural science. Having determined to make the profession of law his future occupation, he gave up teaching and entered the law office of Hon. J. E. Fogle, of Hart- ford, where he applied himself to the study id' the law for several years. He was admitted to the bar in 1894, and entered at once upon the practice of his profession. He now enjoys a lucrative business, attending the courts of Ohio, Muhlenburgh, McLean and Daviess counties. Asa lawyer Mr. Glenn stands in the front rank of the profession in his section. He is a member of" the order of the Knights of Pythias and is universally esteemed for his high social qualities and genial disposition. Hon. John S. R, WEDDING, lawyer, orator and politician, was burn in Ohio county, Kv., thirty-two years ago. He is the youngest child of Robert G. and Mary (Hale) Wed- ding. Being thrown upon his own resources at a very early age, he managed by earnest industry to obtain a good English education. For a while he taught school and at the age of twenty-two began the study of law. He was admitted to the bar at the November term of the ( )hio circuit court the same year. Since Ins admission to the liar he has been actively J S GLENN. ESQ 92 l 111 GK1 I \ RIVER I ""I n I \:\ S R WEDDING ESQ _.il in the practice of law, and has attained distinction in hie profession, both as ■ cogent reasoner and an orator of great brilliancy. He is an tu mpromising republican and baa taken quite :i pr inenl part in politics. Il> -lump. ■! the t«>iirtli Kentucky district in 1892 in the in- terest of lii- party, and it was during the time he was chairman "I the re- publican county committee of Ohio county thai the first republicans ever elected t" office in the county a elected At the republican state con- vention in 1896 be was member from the Btate-at-large "I 1 1 « « - committee on resolutions, and drafted the resolution in favor of the single gold Bta/idard, which was afterward adopted by 1 1 » « - '"n- vention. He was elector from tin- Imirtli Kentucky district on 1 1 ■ « - Mc- Kinley ticket, ancl canvassed the dis- trict in the interest of the republican party. He baa the distinguished honor of being a member "t the first repub- lican electoral college ever elected in Kentucky. Mr. Wedding is a citizen of Hartford, the count] Beat ■•! lii- native county, where he has resided rinoe the time he began the practice ol law. He was married December 20th, 1893, to Mi- Lucj B Townsend, the youngest child "t the lab Judge John C. Townsend, a distinguished member of the Hartford bar. Both Mr. ami Mrs. Wedding are members of the Hartford Baptist church. Ki '.i:.s i Prbstom \ i \ i.. a mem- ber of the Hartford bar and count] attorne] for the count] ■ >! < fhio, is a conspicuous example of the success that attends self-reliance and determination of purpose. His environment in youth tanghl him the virtues nf self-dependence and perseverance. 1 1 i — father, although a considerable farmi r, was unable t" \:\\<- liini the advantages of a collegiate ed- ncation, and bis only recourse for mental training was in the common schools of the county, but being endowed by nature with a vigorous intellect, he acquired from tl»i — source and by systematic read- FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 93 ing and self-culture a solid education in the English branches of knowledge. Mr. Neal was born in Ohio county, near Prentis, September 27th, 1863. He remained and worked with his father on the farm, assisting dutifully in the care and comfort of an in- valid mother until manhood. On attaining his majority, his earnest and sincere disposition and independence of thought led him away from the political tenets of his father, and he espoused the political doctrines of the republican party. His energy and the brightness of his intellect soon marked him as a leader, and he was prevailed upon to establish a paper in the interests of the party, at the county seat. The force and vigor manifested by the young editor attracted the attention of prominent men of the party, and gave him a state reputation, and on the meeting of the state convention, in the city of Louisville, in 1888, he was selected as its chairman over the Hon. George Denny, who was a candidate for that honor. Having thus become engaged in politics, he determined to adopt the law as a profession, not only because that profession accorded with the natural bent of his mind, but for the reason that it furnished the best basis of opportunity for pre- ferment and usefulness. He studied law with the Hou. George W. Jolly, of Owensboro, and received his license to practice from the Daviess county circuit court, and entered at once upon the practice. In 1894 he was the nominee of the republican party for county attorney of Ohio county, and was elected to the office by the largest majority of any candidate on the ticket. He now holds the office of county attorney, and is a leading member of the Ohio county bar. As an officer he has won the approval of all parties by his fearless, able and impartial administration. Mr. Neal mar- ried, in 1890, Miss Fannie Miller, the estimable daughter of Mr. W. T. Miller, a prominent citizen of Ohio county. Per- sonally and socially Mr. Neal enjoys the universal respect and confidence of the entire people of his county, and no doubt will be called upon to serve them in their public affairs in the future. Gabriel B. Likens is a native of Ohio county. He was born February 17th, 1867, near Horton, in said county, on a farm, and spent his early life in the duties and labor that fall to the lot of a farmer His primary school training was common schools of the county, where he evinced a love of study and activity of mind that presaged a career of usefulness. After passing through the common schools, he attended the West Kentucky College at South Carrollton, where he graduated with the degree of B. S. Pie spent some years in teaching in the county schools, at the South Carrollton College, aud at the Alexandria, Tenn., high school. In 1892 he received the nomination of the democratic party for the office of circuit court clerk and was elected to the office. Mr. Likens has taken an active part in the counsels of his party from the outset of his official career and has done boy. gained in the G. B. LIKENS, CLERK CIRCUIT COURT. 94 THE 0R1 1 N KIN l.K !■<>[■ \ TRY it in a way thai baa gained him friends without increasing his opponents. In the discharge of the duties of the office to which the people called him, he lia~ been impartial, courteous and attentive to all, winning the admiration and esteem of the |» ■ >j •!«• in general without regard to party. Mr. Likens takes great interest in the cause "t education and in 1 1 1 » - morals "t il ommunity, doing all in bis power t" promote and secure these essentials "t g I society. He is a member of the Baptist church and assistant superintendent "t tin- Sunday Bchool. He is also a member oi the Masonic fraternity and junior warden "l the local lodge. Socially bis standing leaves nothing t" I"- desired. Calvin P. K bowk, sheriff oi < )hi< > < ty. Mr. Keown was born in <>hi,. county February 24th, 1855, on a farm near Fordsville, He obtained a practical English education in tin- common schools of his native county taught Mini after reaching manhood in the Bchools. In 1881 he married Miss Amanda II. Robey and devoted himself i" the business ol farm- ing, which he continued to prosecute with the zeal and Buccess thai character- ised all bis undertakings. In 1894 In- _^- ^r was chosen by the republican party a- ^t^^^^^g^ tliiir i-aniliihit' t< • r -licritV "t tin- enmity / and such was the li iirli estimation in > V which he was held that he was elected yr ftiw tn tin- iillii-i-. altliiuiuli n|i|>nsiil Iiv a very ^Asj^ U ^^^ |in|inlar ^i-nth-ma tin- congregation at the place which still exists as a ohurch organisation. Tin- business estab- lishments "l tin- town i -i-i of: Tin- Beaver I 'am Deposit Bank, organised nnder special FROM HOW UNO GREEN TO EVANSVIU.E. 95 charter, its capital being twenty-five thousand dollars and surplus fund nine thousand dollars ; Mocker & Co., Hunt, Stewart & Leach and Bir & Chinn, general merchants ; there are two drug stores, three groceries, two confectioners, one steam laundry, two hotels, three physicians, one dentist and two lawyers. The churches are one Methodist, one Baptist and one Christian. The town has an excellent educational establishment. The Beaver Dam Seminary and Commercial Institute is an institution that has been brought to a high state of efficiency under the management of Prof. E. B. Ray, assisted by a corps of competent teachers in the various departments. The school is free, but embraces a department for advanced pupils in all the branches of higher education, including a business education. Special mention is made here of the business establishment of Hocker & Co., dealers in general merchandise, fine clothing, fine shoes, fashionable millinery and fine dress goods. This is the leading business firm in Beaver Dam. The business was first established in 1882 by R. P. Hocker, J. W. Hocker and I. H. Baker. This firm was succeeded by Hocker & Co., consisting of R. I'. Hocker and John H. Barnes. In 1890 the present firm consisting of R. P. Hocker and E. P. Barnes, succeeded to the business, retaining the old firm name of Hocker & Co. This house transacts the largest business in Ohio county. Mr. R. P. Hocker, the senior member of the firm, is a native of the county, and has the confidence of the general public. ROCKPORT Is one hundred and eleven miles above Evansville. In 1817 Mr. Hugh Carter estab- lished a ferry across Green River at this point; the gradual addition of population increased SO that in 1870 the citizens applied for and were granted a charter by the legislature. Rock- W. M.'AND M. L SAUERHEBER S STEAMERS FRANK VON BEHREN AND LITTLE CLYDE. OP SPOTTSVILLE, port now is a thriving village of six hundred inhabitants, and is situated on a high hill in < >lii<> county, ou the right bank of Green river, overlooking both river and the eastern main stem of the Illinois Central railway. The town has fourteen business houses, doing a good business, handling a well selected variety of all classes of goods — one tobacco factory, one 96 I III GREEN I: IV Ell OOUXTBY -aw mill, one *_r r i ~ t null, two blacksmith shops, two livery stables, one barber >lm[>, one Bhoe shop, one batcher — 1 • « - j • . two g I hotels, two churoh< — Presbyterian and Baptisl — (the Methodists also have an organization, but bave losl their house by lire, two physicians, :i school building and a first-class school. Rockport i- a temperance ton a, having had no open sal i~ for over ten years. There has been a steady, substantial growth of popula- i ,and there ie not now a vacant dwelling "r business house i*i the town. 1 1 « r inhabitants are principally engaged in mercantile business, farming, timber, railroad and coal mining. No. II coal is opened in the town and No. 9 coal underlies the town. Shipping facilities are excellent, and freight rates reasonable. Tin' town government is composed of L. 1 1 1 \ i:\ Coal Ooiipa tnr, operating the MoHenry and Echols mines, the former about six and the latter about two miles from Rockport, on < In en River and on the line of the Illinois Central railroad, is the largest producer ol coal in Ohio county. Of the three hundred and sixty-eight thousand tons produced in the county, thiscompany produces nearly one hundred and four- teen thousand tons, or about one-third of the entire product of the county. 15otli mines, as stated above, are in N !• vein. I'll' M II' ary mine, six miles inland, i- entered by a slope nf two hundred feel t<> vein, which ie uniform throughout the entire field, sixtj i !■■ bon- di-i d feet below the Bur- face. The length of the main entrj is some tnur thousand feet, «iili working side entries ranging from one hundred to Bix hundred feet, and seventy- five working places. Pour Jeffrey electric mining machines are operated in this mine. The town of McHenry, a considerable settlement and trading point, is located principally mi the lands ol the company, altl u'li many persons own their own residence property. The population is about four hundred. The Presbyterians have a good church building and a flourishing congregation in the town, and the society of < >dd Fellows lia\ e ■ lodge with a membership of fifty. The town has a g I school building and free scl I. Echols mine, the propertj "t the same company, is on the Illinois Central railroad about two miles from the river, in the Bame vein. This mine, when Brat opened, was called the Rockport mine. It wasopened in 1872 by the Rockport Coal Company, composed of Smith, Keith ami Daugherty. This company operated the mine several years, then sold oat to the McHenry Coal Company. The vein rani.''- in thickness from four feet six inches to fimr feet ten, and i- reached by a shaft ninety feet deep. Pour link-belt (chain) and one Jeffrey machine are used in this mine. The field consists of one thousand acres to the rise from SAW MILL ON GREEN RIVER PROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 97 shaft. The main entry is about eight hundred yards and the largest cross entries one thous- and to twelve hundred feet, still driving; one hundred and twenty-five to one hundred and fifty working places. The improvements projected in the early future are a new main road of thirty pound iron and improvements around the bottom of the shaft to increase the capacity. Mr. Williams, mine foreman at the Echols, is a careful and experienced miner, a native of Scotland, and has been engaged in mining since the age of thirteen years in the coal fields of the Western district of Kentucky. Charles W. Taylor, the efficient superintendent of both the McHenry and Echols mines, lives in the town of McHenry, where he owns a pleasant home and other property. He, together with his excellent wife and family, take great interest in promoting the social, educational and religious welfare of the little town which contains his home. He is a native of Ohio county and has been with the company in one capacity or other for a period of fourteen years. CROMWELL, A town, and considerable trading and shipping point, is situated on the left bank of Green River in Ohio county, one hundred and fifty-one miles above Evansville. The population is about two hundred and fifty. The business at this point is transacted by W- N. Martin & Son, W. T. Tilf'ord, operating general stores; A. K. Leach, dealer in groceries, and V. Whalen and J. X. Taylor, dealers in drugs. The town has one church building (Union). It has a free school open five months in the year. Its principal market is Evans- ville The chief articles dealt in are: groceries, furniture, flour, hardware and stoves, all of which are bought of Evansville dealers and manufacturers. It is surrounded by a good farming country, and ships by way of the river largely of country produce and live stock. CENTERTOWN, In Ohio county, five miles from the river, is a very flourishing trade center for a fine section of farming country adjacent. Its shipping point is Ceralvo, one hundred and nine miles from Evansville. In common with other points in this section, its principal market is Evansville. The leading merchants are : Rowe & Martin and Morehead, Jones & Co., dealers in general merchandise ; L. C. Brown & Co., dealers in drugs, and W. A. Rowe, saddlery. It has a good free school and commodious church. CERALVO, One hundred and nine miles from Evansville, is in Ohio county. The merchants are : V. D. Fulkerson, dealer in general merchandise, and Dr. J. M. Everly, dealer in drugs, both of whom buy their goods mostly in Evansville markets. This point ships by the river a great deal of produce and live stock, and is the shipping station for the flourishing village of Centertown, five miles inland. •-- I III OR1 K\ RIV1 l: COI M RY CALHOUN. () I ■ r 1 1 1 ■ ■ $] of the most 1 1 1 i-i \ i 1 1 ^ cities and trade centers of the Green River section, is situated on Green River, eighty miles from Evansville. It i- the < it\ Beat and ipal shipping and trading point of McLean county and has a population ■■( about one thousand souls. Nor does tlii- bust alone en- title ( ialhoun to a chief place among the towns oi the lower vallej ol < rreen River. Ii i- the seat "I intellectual and social forces, w hich ex- ercise a controlling in- fluenoe throughout tin- country. Both profi s- sion8, that of law ami medicine,are represented by men "t re than i' ii in in u ii talent ami ability. The scientific and literary tastes of ii- I" ople are of a lii^li order, and many exam- ples may l» found ■•( both mill ami women possessed of an unusual ill gree of mental cult- ure. The situation of tin t"U ii i- mainly upon level ground, sufficient!) inclined to the river, however, to secure por- drainage. The main street, w bich run- back (mm the river and Front street along 1 1 » « - river are ii|hiii a naturally grav- eled Burfaoe, making them ideal thorough- lares. There are mam j iiii i. sidencee !•• ar- COURT HOUSB AT CALHOUN FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVIT.EE. 09 iug testimony to the taste and home-pride of their owners. The town was incorporated in 1852, and received its name from one of its principal founders and leading citizens, Judge John C. Calhoun. Prior to that time the town bore the name of Vienna, but before it was christened Vienna, the settlement pased under different names until its history is lost in the uncertain traditions of pioneer occupancy and Indian warfare. On the hill west of the present location of the town is the site of the old fort or block house, which the early settlers erected for a defense against the attacks of the savages. The time of its erection is involved in mere tradition, as no records were kept by the adven- turous spirits who first ventured into the domain of the Red man of the forest, but it is conjectured, it was somewhere between the years 1775 and 1785. The City of Calhoun is surrounded by a splendid region of farming lands, which every year are becoming more valuable as the country develops and improves. These lands STREET SCENE IN CALHOUN yield abundantly almost every variety of crop, especially the cereals, grass and tobacco. The tobacco culture has been in a great measure neglected in the last few years on account of absence of demand for the heavy grade produced, but the growth of wheat, corn, oats anil grass has increased proportionately to the great advantage of the farmer. The business men and merchants of Calhoun will rank with the best in the whole Green River section or state, for their enterprise and the reliability of their commercial standing. There are a number, whose standing and business, as well as social importance, merit extended notice, hut the limits of this work will only admit of a brief catalogue of those who constitute the business element. Of these we mention: [. G. Gilmore, dealer 100 III) OBI EN KIVKK niiNTRY in general merchandise and produo — Mr. Gilmore also oondaota a Bton at Ashbysburgb — .1. Weil, general merchant J.T. Morehead >v Co., general merchant — tlii- firm operates branch stores at 8acramento, McLean county; Pleasant Ridge, Daviess county; Fordsville, <)liin county; Carneyville, Grayson county, and Grandview, [nd. •! W. Harrison & Son, groceries ; J. 1 >. Pruitt, groceries, hardware am! saddlery; W. II. Wall, groceries and hardware; T. N. Logsden, shoes; II. A. Peiffer, shoes i I 1 S. Loyd, shoes; B. G. Nofsinger, • li ii--. paints and "il- ; Howdon ETayden, drugs; 1". E. Porter, drugs ; Prank Sebald, livery; Jarvis & Porter, livery; -I"!!!! Ambrose, harness and saddlery. The city has excellent schools under the management <>t the city school board. The moral tone of the city is of the very best and it- people are a church supporting and church- going people. There are four churches, all nt which have resident pa-tor-. The hanking business of the city and country adjacent is done by the Bank of Cal- houn, whose management is al>ly con- served by that prinoi "t gentlemen, Judge William B. Noe, its president, and Mr. A. L. Museley, its obliging cashier. Among tin' important industries "I tlir city are three large tobacco ware- houses for curing, Btripping ami prizing tobacco; one large flouring mill ami saw-mill, under one management; one extensive wagon, repair ami blacksmith shop. There are three l"""I hotels ami number "I private boarding houses. ( me "i tin- besl newspapers "f tin < ■>■ en River country, Uu Calhoun Star \- published Inn'. It- able editor ami proprietor I Swint, assisted bj hi- accomplished daughters, have made tlii- paper the standard authority li>r McLean comity nea -. B. I ■. N"i sikoeb — The people <>t Calhoun have realized the blessings which result from matured social conditions. Thej an open and frank in their deportment, hospitable in tlnir treatment "t strangers and exceed- ingly enterprising in business affairs. Tiny are proud "t tlnir city which they OROUH OP CALHOUN GIRLS MISS I.BONA TICHRNOR. HISS BIRINICI WEIL. MIS3 OABI HAMILTON. (UKIOirroWRl. HISS ANNBTTA TICR1N0R. MISS Kl l/.AHKTH OILMORB. FROM BO\VI,IN(i OREEN TO EVANSVII,I,E. 101 claim is the metropolis of the Green River country. There are many examples of successful business enterprise among them, hut we have space only to make individual mention of a few. All lines of trade are weil represented by pushing, active men. In the drug trade we mention especially Mr. B. G. Nofsiuger, who by reason o( his energy and strict devotion to business, has not only built up a splendid reputation — personally, as an accommodating trades- man, but owns and oper- ates a magnificent store that would do honor to a city. Mr. Nofsinger owes his success in business to bis own industry and in- dividual effort, having be- gun life without any capi- tal save his own faith in himself and a determi- nation to succeed. These qualities together with his unswerving personal in- tegrity has won for him the confidence of the pub- lic, and brought substan- tial returns in the estab- lishment of a flourishing business and the accumu- lation of a handsome prop- erty. BANK OF CALHOUN. The Bank of Calhoun, an illustration of whose build- ing appears herein was or- ganized in 1886, and began business January 3rd, 1887. It was the first bank in McLean county, and it has done a prosperous business from the beginning. Its first cashier and principal founder was John W. Moseley, now deceased. After his death, his son, Mr. A. L. Moseley, was elected to the position of cashier, which place he now holds. Judge William B. Noe is now and has been the president of the bank since its organization. He has been an active lawyer here for nearly thirty years and his long experience in that line has given him such a knowledge of the people of the county as to be of great value to him in the banking business. This is one of the solid institutions of the county and lias supplied a long-felt want to the business community. The directors of the bank are: I. G. Gilmore, R. C. Moseley, Thomas I. Bell, A. L. Moseley, and William B. Noe. The handling of the tobacco crop of McLean county gives rise to one of the most im- BANK OP CALHOUN lO- lll I m:EEN Riven IX*1 S I l:\ portant industries of the town. A great deal "I tlii> staple i- produced in the county, ami i- tin- source of verj important revenues to its people. Mr. W. T. Hobson and C. E. Hob- son are the largest and principal operators in handling the prodnot. \V. T. Hob on "|» rates two verj large factories, and C. E. Hobsoi together, handling as much a- cum- million pounds iii .1 season. Tin-'- gentlemen live in tin- town of Calhoun, and add much to its business and social consequence. A further description of the city "t Calhoun includes :i I view "f tin- town from tin- river front, Bhon ing j^ ili'- binds which lie in it- Dorthern limit- and beneath which nm- I' ronl street. 1 1 blufh), hieing ;iml ov< r- looking tin- river, are crow in >t residence. It i- "i t the principal river towns and within easj reach <>t the cities of Evansville and Bowling Green bj water, and "l Owensboro bj stage, thus giving t" it- inhabitants con- venient communication with these larger centers "I activity. It may In- safely pre- 1 that as the country develops Calhoun «ill receive larg< accessions t" it- population id business. Tli inntry on l".tli Bides of the river immediately surrounding the city is remarkably fertile and from an agricultural point of view, is just now undergoing rapid develop- ment. This country must at do distant daj becomi the home oi a denat agricultural CHRISTIAN CHI FROM ROWLING (iRBEN TO EVANS V 1 1. 1. 10. 103 population. It is capable of sustaining an immense number of people and its nearness to the best of markets and facilities for cheap transportation make it the ideal land of promise tn the agriculturalist. A remarkable phase of the development now sitting in throughout the whole Green River section is the interest centering in education. This is evidenced by the number of schools and colleges and other institutions'with special objects in view, now 7 being established all over the country. The city of Calhoun presents a location for an enterprise of this character surpassingly attractive. Its healthfulness and pleasing situation, make it one of the most eligible places tor a college in the whole Green River country. SOME OF THE PEOPLE OF CALHOUN. Mks. Naomi Tichenor, widow of T. C. Tichenor, deceased, a former prominent citizen and business man of the county, is a lady of high social standing and independent means. Her two daughters, Miss Lcona and Miss Annetta, who are shown in the group RESIDENCE OF MRS NAOMI TICHENOR. of Calhoun girls on another page, are students of Potter College, Bowling Green, and are universally esteemed for the many graces which adorn their characters. They are fitting representatives of the beauty and attractiveness of the womanhood of Calhoun. I. G. Gii.more, a leading citizen and merchant of Calhoun, has been a conspicuous figure in the Green River business world for a period of more than thirty years. He .. - built up, by a course of honest and fair dealing with his fellow men, a reputation for integrity ■ that secures the confidence of all. He is the head of a large and prosperous mercantile business in Calhoun and also at Ashbysburgh, ten miles below. He is one of the directors of the Bank of Calhoun. lo| II I (JKKKN I : I V I l: ■ "I \ I KV J'hk members of the learned profession throughout the section of Kentucky covered bj this work will compare favorably with those "t any portion ••( our countrj Si •• ■ ral <>l i the Green River country have produced nun who have attained eminence in both the legal and medical professions, in former j >< ■ r i< •< 1- and both the bar and medicine :i r<- dow represented by :i class of men >>t lii^'li attai ents in their call- ing. McLean county has its lull <|ii«>t:i "I rc|i- n w ntative men in l»'tli professions. In medi- cine without dispai IMBM lllt'llt t<> ntln l>, we t ■••it : Da II. W . <■ \n-. as ■ \ oung physician and gfl surgeon, who fitly adorns a profession that has 9J iiumliiTfil among i i - - — * iiii'iiilii r> -(line of the atesf benefactors >>i the human race. Dr. Gates is a native <>i Calhoun, McLean county, where he was born in I860. He received his primary school training in the schools "t bis native town and graduated in ni«>I- icine in the medical department of Vanderbilt University in the class of l sv _. He then commenced the practii i medicine at Ben- nettsville, Christian county, where he remained a short time, and then took a post graduate course at Bellevue Hospital, New York, in 1884. Alter com- pleting the course at Bellevue be practiced for a -liciri period at Morgantown, Butler county, but in the >|iriiiL; of 1886 permanently located in bis native town of Calhoun, where be has conducted a large and successful practice down to the present lime. In 1885 he married Miss Lama Slum, a m<>-t worthy young lady of Calhoun, tin- daughter of i "t it- oldest and most respected citizens, W. II. Shutt, the founder "t tin- Calhoun roller mills. Dr. Gates 1 grandfather on tin mother's Bide was Judge John C. Calhoun, fi>r whom the town was named. Dr. Gates has the dis- ti notion ol being the chairman of the McLean County Medical Board and is a member of the McDowell and Stab Medical Societies B NO fsinobr RESIDBNCB OF B G NOFSINOBR FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSV 1 1.1,11. 105 Judge Wm. li. Noe, of Calhoun, Ky., was born July 24th. 1848, in Washington county, Ky. He is the second of three sons and four daughters, all living, born to .lames (i. and Eliza A. (Wilson) Noe, who were born respectively in Boyle and Washington counties, Ky. 'The Noe family came to the United States from Scotland and settled in Maryland. The mother of Wm. B. Noe was a daughter of John H. Wilson, who was a soldier of 1812, and fought in the battle of New Orleans. He was a son of Josiah Wilson, who was a soldier of the revolution. Win. B. Noe was reared on a farm and re- ceived a good English education, which he completed at Bethel College. He also reads and speaks the German lan- guage fluently. As a student in the office of Sweeney & Stuart, of Owensboro, Ky., he was admitted to the bar in that city February 14th, 1870, by Judges Cofer and Stites. In April of that year he located in Calhoun , Ky., where he has since practiced his profession with success and has been identified with the interests of the Green River country. He has never sought office, but on the contrary, has studiously avoided it, although he was at one time, by appointment, judge of McLean county court to fill an un- expired term. He was one of the organizers of the Bank of Calhoun iu 1886 — one of the most solid institutions of the county, and is now and has been continuously its president. He is popular in his county, and commands the respect of all that know him. Judge Noe was married June 2d, 1870, to Mary A. Bender, a daughter of John and Ann Bender, natives of Bavaria, Germany, and Kentucky respectively. To Judge and Mrs. Noe have been born three children, but one living, Ora, who is married to Mr. A. L. Moseley, cashier of the Bank of Cal- houn. They have an adopted son, William, a nephew. Judge Noe, wife and daughter are mem- bers of the Christian church. A. L. Moset.ey, whose photograph appears on the following page, was born in Spencer county, Ohio township, Indiana, November 26th, 1868. He received a good English education, which he completed at Ogden College, Bowling JUDGE WM B. NOE. PRESIDENT OF THE BANK OP CALHOUN. OUR BABY. JASON WILLIAM MOSELEY 8 106 I II h i.l;ir\ RIVER <"<>< NTRY Green, Ky. After ilii- he took a business course and was graduated at the Evans- ville Commercial Col leg 3 M. Curnick, principal. He now resides in Ml. in oounty, Ky., and is the cashier of the bank of Calhoun, having been elected to thai position to succeed lii> father, the late John W Most - ley, who was one of the organizers and first cashier of thai bank. Mr. A. I.. Moseley is also a stockholder ami mir of tin- ili- rectors of the bank. He devotes bis entire linn- ami attention to bis duti< >. ami by lii- genial, obliging ami ac amodating man- ners, baa won many warm friends to the in- stitution. He 1S a first-class business man. i- accurate, careful, painstaking, ami is regarded as one "f tin- beat bank cashiers in the Green River country. He has the interests of the Green River section and its development very much at heart ami _ bis hearty encouragement t" anj < nter- prise looking to tlii- end. Mr. Moselej was married in 1891 to Miss Ora Noe, tin- daughter and only child of Judge Win. B. Noe, tin- president "t the bank. To tlii- union have been born three children, Ruth, decease 'I ; Jason W . ami Paul. Judgi Hi \ I". Landrum, a prominent citizen of Calhoun, and for main years judgi of il mty court of McLean oounty, \\a~ born in Daviess county, in 1845. When the county of McLean was formed in 1854 out oi portions "t Daviess and Ohio oounties, his lather's farm fell in tin- mu political division. Ben I grew to manhood on lii- lather's farm, ami received bis education in the common Bchools "t tin state. He began lii- l>u>i- ii. -- career a- a tar r, taking a lively interest in public affairs, being especially active in the interests of the dei sratic party. In 1869 he was elected a magistrate of the county, which office In- filled for sixteen years. In 1887 he was elected county judge of McLean county, filling that office bo acceptably that he was chosen tor a second term, thus serving tin people for ten years in a position requiring tin- exercise of rare talent and ability. Owing to fusion arrangements in 1897 between tin 1 democratic |>artv ami populists, the candidacy for i u\ judge on the fusion ticket was given to the populists, and Judge Landrum was lefl out. 1 1 • - retires t ■ > private life carrying with him tin- universal respect ami approval ol tin- people of his o ity. A- a public servant In- has at all times justified the trust reposed in him, ever attentive to dutj ami mindful of lii- official obligations. Judge Landrum's lathi r, Thomas Landrum, was sheriff of < >|ii unty when it comprised all the territory non occupied by Ohio, Daviess and McLean < nties. Winn Daviess was organised he was elected sheriff of that county, and when McLean was formed he was el Bheriffofit — serving in that capacity altogether twenty-eight years. He died in i .Iri"i \\ . A. Taylor — Mr. Taylor lia.- mu n ii i\i was genial, ac- commodating, energetic and regarded as >>i t the best business men of the Green River country. Mr. Moselej was married December 18th, 1867, t" Mi-- Georgians Moore, ol Bpe r t\. [nd., a daughter of John M. ^Mm and Eliza \ Moore, "I Hamilton county, Ohio. To mp m ^V ''''"■ ""'"" "' r '' '""'" ~ lN,n <"liildrrn, Arthur I.r-li.. \ ^^^^^^Jf Eddie and Lillian, both deceased, Grace, Mattison 1!.. ^P^*^^ j .lulin Miltmi anr. 1 laj nee was reared on a farm until twelve years of age, when his parents moved to Cloverporl and five Mar- later to Litchfield, Ky. In 1862 the doctor moved to Whitesville, Ky., wh< re be toiik oharge of a scl I for -i\ yean In 1867 with Rev. Bernard Sickel, he took charge ol Hart's seminary, Owens- boro, Ky.: he afterward went t" Palls • Rough, in Grays sounty, and took oharge of a school ; Boon after this be was appointed school commissioner "f the county. This position he resigned in 1870, and took charge of Cromwell seminary; in 1*7.". be removed to Hart- lord, Ky., and was there engaged as principal of the college for two years; thence to I>i\'>n. where be taught until the tall ol 1876, when li«' attended the Medical University of Louisville, and afterwards i ngaged in the practice of medicine at l>ixe of McLean county's representative citizens, is a young man whose character and talent have already won for him distinguished consideration at the hands of his fellow-citizens. He is the present county attorney of McLean county, which office he has filled with singular fidelity since his election, in 1894. Such has been his faithfulness and ability in the discharge of the duties of the office, lee gibson. county attorney tliat tue people of all parties acquiesced lln TIIK QBKEB l:ivri: COUNTRY in hi- re-election in 1897. Mr. <;ili-mi i- a native "f McLean county. He was born near Calhoun on March 6th, L868. He received lii- primary education in the common schools of the county, afterward attending the colleg Ogden at Bowling Green, in 1886-7, and Bethel, in 1888-9. Hi spent some time in teaching, but determined to adopt the law as a proft Bsion, and entered the law office "t G. I * Sarey, "t < Jalhoun, where he applied himself to the study of hia choran profession. He was admitted to the bar in 1891, and t< >< >k rank :n once as a brilliant and capable lawyer. In 1896 be married Mi— Mollie Haynes, au estimable young lady, also u native of McLean county, the daughter of l»r. .1. I'.. Haynes, the present county superintendent <>f bcI Is. ^ I ■ Gibson is a member of the Masonic fraternity and also ol the Knights of Honor and 8igma Nu society. In every relation of lite In- has fulfilled tin duties of an upright ^^^ Christian gentleman. Mr. (iilisuii ha- a * * **^ ^k lni_'ht career l>eliire him. ami i- an nrna- ^^^k mi-lit t<> thr l!ivi-r country, with Jr ML which In' i- pri.ml t.i tcel himself itlcntitietl. % W I >. Shutt— Among tin- many bright young men of McLean county, upon whose shoulders the future of the country rests, W. 1'. Shntt deserves notice. » Although, scarcely thirty years of ^^H ^—^T In- has proven hiin-clt' tin- pos-cs-or of ^A\ T^—^f ^^^ thu-c ( |iialitiis which attract thr c-ti. in ami ^—4 I j/A ^^_ «•« •nliili'ii t" his fellow-men. Pleasant in ^^k ^^L |^^^ ^^^^ i|< ii-ivc in |iiir|Mi«c ami a<- \W n tinii, nature ha- well littcil him for useful- « ^f*^. ness as a citizen. Mr. shntt was born on »^j » it MJJ •' farm in McLean county Nuvcmlier 11th. \jfjf f ^^^ lsiiT.lnit was liruiiirht up ami reareil in ^^* ^^^^ Calhoun, to which place hi- family re- W.D v^ourtclkrk moved -""" :l,,,r hifl Wrth. Hi- fatlur. \\ . II. Shutt, was a prominent citizen of the county and carried on the business of farming, besides owning and operating tin- Calhoun roller flouring mill and saw mill. W. D. received his primary school training in the common schools of Calhoun. He entered Ogden College, Bowl- i, in 1887, where he remained t«" years, going thence to Bethel College, at which place In completed a scientific c ae in 1890, becoming a member while at the lat- ter college of the ' Ireek letter Sigma Nu fraternity. < >n the death of his father, which oc- curred July 26th, 1890, be took charge of the mill- ami superintended their operation until the tall nt I*!""-', when he was chosen bj the people of McLean < nt\ to the office of county court clerk, to fill the unexpired term of Geo. 8. Priest, deceased. In November, 1894, he was again elected to the office and was re-elected in November, l s,, 7 Mr. Shutl is a member of the Baptist church and ol the Masonic fraternity. Be also belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Knights of II r. Lauki m i P. Tanner \ leading lawyer and citizen "I McLean county, was horn mi a farm mar Livia. in said county nil the l'»th day "t January, 1868. !!■ received his FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVIELE. Ill L P. TANNER, ESQ early school training in the common schools of the county, and completed his education at the Southern Normal College, of Bowling Green. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in L889. He located in Calhoun and soon rose to prominence in his profession. He married Miss Eunice Porter, an accom- plished young lady and member of a prominent McLean county family in 1895. The following year he was brought out by his friends as a candidate for nomination by the democratic party for congress in his district, but failed of the nomination. He is still prominently spoken of for nomina- tion at the next succeeding election for that office. He has takeu an active interest in the polities of the county and has been prominent in the counsels of the demo- cratic party since he came to manhood. In connection with the law practice he has been very zealous in promoting the sale and settlement of a large tract of land near Calhoun, which, before his manage- ment, was considered almost worthless, but which now is regarded as the best land in this section of the state. Henry Baeeentine, Sr., is a prominent figure in the Green River country, by reason of his business activity, and the interest betakes in promoting the good of his section. Mr. Ballentine was horn in the county of Tyrone, Ireland, in 1837, and came with his parents to America, in May, 1849, settling at Rumsey, on Green River. Here he engaged with his father in (arming, in which business he has continued since, engaging, however, in many other enter- prises that gave scope to his activity. He owned the steamer Gayoso at one time, and has been instrumental in forwarding many other enterprises that have tended to advance the in- terests of the country. At the close of the civil war Mr. Ballentine found himself like many others — without means and dependent upon his own labor for a new start in life. But undis- couraged by the prospect, he went manfully to work farming, and such has been his success that he is now the possessor of two thousand acres of farm lands, besides valuable real estate in the towns of Calhoun and Rumsey. Mr. Ballentine has been twice married. His first wife was Miss McGrcw, of McLean county, who CAPT HENRY BALLENTINE TIIK CKKK.N RIVEIt OOUSTBT gave ti i in tour children, three jrirl- and one boy. Hi- second wife was Mi— Jo-ie Landrum, of 1 1 1 « - same •■■unity, who bore bim one ohild, a son. Mr. Ballentine live* on lii- farm in 1 1 1 • - environs of the town "l Rumsey, which baa been lii- home since he became a citizen of the land whicb be loves. Bere he enjoys the fruits of a well-epenl life, and -urr ded by friend.- ami neighbors of l->tit. of agricultural products in the county, and it itimated that for 1896 the percentag f gain is fort] per e.-m over the figures of the census year, lie- grain ami grass-producing quality of its soil renders the oounty peculiarly lit for the raising ami breeding of stock, ami tin largest increase in production has been in the items "i beef cattle ami fat bogs. The county rests upon the coal m< asures "f tie \V. -t- ein District, which may be reached from almost any point o| it- surface. Less attention. however, ha- been given to the development of thi- interest than in the adjoining counties. There are onlj two mines reported in operation, both of which are located at [aland on the i » a \. division of thi I. a V railroad. The entire output for 1896 i- given at tw» nty- lour thousand ton-. This does not include the coal taken out in different part- of the oounty tor domestic use. I.e.. - inr $4 Value ol product! * I I NuiiiIkt . . I. i-i Oorn, Buahati McLEAN COUNTY PRODUCTS. 113 Wl,.-:,1. ♦•.HI FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 113 Oats, Bushels 43,310 Irish Potatoes, " 15,189 Sweet Potatoes, " 3,462 Peaches, " 6,031 Apples, " 70,501 Wool, Pounds 13,288 Honey, " 18,341 Tobacco, " 2,204,276 Bees' Wax, " 485 Eggs, Dozen, 159,079 Hay, Tons, . 4,996 Coal, " 35,177 Coal, value $41,199 LIVE STOCK. Horses, Number 2,836 Mules, " 951 Hogs, " 17,188 Sheep, " 3,523 Chickens, " 81,569 LIVERMORE, An important manufacturing and trading point on Green River, is in McLean county, and is located in a section rich in coal and timber. It is situated on the right bank of Green River at the mouth of Rough River, eighty-eight miles from Evansville. The Owensboro and Nashville branch of the Louisville and Nashville railroad crosses the river at this point. The population is about six hundred and fifty. The trade of the town de- pends on a good farming country on both sides of Green River and extending along Rough River. The lumber interests of the place give employment to a large number of people and a number find em- ployment in the tobacco stemmeries, of which there are two of con- siderable magnitude. There are three saw mills in constant opera- tion, cutting an immense amount of hard wood lumber. The Gieseke Shingle Company oper- ate a saw mill in con- nection with their shin- gle industry. Their principal business is, however, the manu- facture of poplar and chestnut shingles. They have an extensive trade for their product with Evansville, Louisville, Chicago, Buffalo and other large markets north and east. R. E. Hackett is the operator of a saw mill and spoke factory. His saw mill has a capacity of seven thousand feet of lumber daily. In connection with his saw mill Mr. Hackett operates machinery for the manufacture of hickory buggy spokes and oak rims in block for wagons. The prox- imity of these works to the hardwood forests of Green and Rough Rivers gives an advantage over similar establishments more remote, which is seen in their exceptional prosperity. A great portion of the product of the Hackett mills is transported by steamboat and barges owned by the proprietor, to Evansville and thence distributed by rail to markets in the north. There are three general stores, several groceries, two drug stores and several smaller MOSELEY BROS SHINGLE MANUFACTORY II I I HI OR] EN 1 : 1 \" 1 l: COUNT M shops, covering all lines "I trade. Quigg Bros., dealers in general merchandise, transact :i large business. They are an old established h< m~.- and carry a l:irj^«- and varied stock <•♦' goods suited t.. the wants of the trade. They handle produce "I" all kind- and make Evans- ville tlnir principal market, giving to Evansville merchants and manufacturers the prefer- ence when possible. They have a verj comi lious new 1 >ri«-k Btore building, fitted with every convenience necessar) to conduct a large busini -- Moselej Bros, are extensive dealers in general merchandise and enjoj a large and growing trade. Their doable store building is well adapted to the needs of their business and the two brothers constituting the firm enjoy an enviable reputation as progressive nun. They are connected with the Ice Shingle Co., in the operation of that extensive c >ern. E. B. Haokett is also :i large dealer in general merchandise, operating an establishment "t extensive dimensions. The following are the principal other establishments of the town : W. B. Trunnell, \\ E, Lashbrooke and K. O. Gore, groceries , G 8 Hicks and J. F. 8mith, drugs. J. W. G I- inan operates 1 1 1 « - only livery stable, and the Misses \I < >-i • l«-\ and Bell the only millini r\ and dress making establishment. The practicing physicians are: •>. A. Hillsman, L. R. Bennett and W. P. Ellis, There is CJoion church, occupied bj Methodists, Presbyterians and others and one Baptist church. There are two scl I buildings. A free scl I i~ maintained for five months in the year. A private seminar} is conducted by Prof. V « ton. II ' > SCHBOEI i i: is known tlin.ii-li- out the • Ireen River country as " The Artist "i the Emerald Wave." He has a Boating studio, with which he \i-it- the towus and hamlets on the rivers, execut- ing work in every branch "f the art "f photography. His commodious water craA i~ fitted up with rooms, embracing parlor, sitting room, dining room, bed rooms and kitchen, in addition t" a working room and artist's studio. He has everj ap- pliance necessary to the business, and bia work will compare favorably with that of the most distinguished proli — re of the art His excellent wife accompanies him on his voy- , presiding over and reudering compleb the "home" department "I bis establishment. Many of the views in ilii» work are from the studio "t Mr. Schroeter, to whom the publish* rs are under obligations for favors. I -i \ \ i> Btation, on ih«' Owensboro and Nashville branch oi th< I .. a \. railroad, is three miles inland from Livermore, on the opposite Bide of the river. There are three coal mines in operation here, viz.: The Field Coal <'".. thi MoEinnej & Stanley Coal Co. and the Reuben Karnes. These mines are all working No. 9 vein and give employment to one hundred miners. The product, except for local use, is marketed south. H O SCHROBTBR. PHOTOORAPHBR PROPH1ITOR FLOATING STUDIO FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 115 SACRAMENTO, McLean county, nine miles south of Calhoun and nine miles north of South Carrollton, which is the nearest railroad point, is connected by long-distance telephone with the general system. The population is about six hundred. The town was laid off in 1854 by George Helm. It is surrounded by a rich farming country to which it is indebted for its commer- cial importance. The town is incorporated under the state law, and has a municipal government, represented by mayor, common council, police judge, city attorney, city clerk and treasurer. There are five churches — the Methodist, Presbyterian and Christian (white), also one Baptist and one Methodist (colored); all have resident pastors. There are two good school buildings, one white and one colored, in which free schools are maintained for five months in the year. In addition to the free schools, the Sacramento Academy is con- ducted by able teachers under a system of graded work during the interval between sessions of the free schools. The commercial interests of the town are represented by the following firms: Coffmau Brazzel Company, Stroud Bros, it Ross, M. H. Gabbart, E. F. Short, dry goods and general merchandise; Mclntire & Quisenberry, drugs and groceries; M. L. Board & Son, groceries and drugs; John Medley, groceries; J. T. Morehead, undertaker ; T. C. Ellison, agricultural implements and machinery; J.N. Dossett, livery; Miss Mattie Bennett and Miss Minnie Eads, millinery. The industries of the town consist of one flouring mill, with a capacity of forty barrels, operated by D. W. Gish and J. G. Igleheart. They also operate a saw and planing mill. A. J. Frazier and E. C. Frazier, blacksmith and repair shop; Ad Parker, blacksmith. The physicians are: Dr. B. H. Morehead, Dr. H. Mooman and Dr. C. Robison. The two tobacco factories are operated by Martin & Shanks and W. Martin. There are two hotels, the Bland, conducted by Mrs. Jane Bland, and the Ellison, conducted by Mrs. Sue Shacklett, and several private boarding houses. G. F. Dossett, live stock dealer. The Sacramento Deposit Bank is operated under a special charter — G. W. Martin, president, and F. P. Stumb, cashier. W. L. Mclntire, jeweler and barber. Sacramento does a large business in river shipment, Evansville getting the principal part of its trade. RUMSEY, Is situated at Lock No. 2, on the left bank of Green River, in Mc- Lean county, eighty miles above Evansville. The population is about four hundred. It has a good free school and two churches. The country adjacent is well adapted to farming, the soil being the rich alluvial deposits of the Green River bottoms. The trade of Rumsey is in supplies for the farming population and in the LOCK AND DAM NO- 2. AT RUMSEY. 116 1111 OR] l\ RIV1 R . ..1 NTRY produce • >( the farms. Cofrman Bros., Hays A Viokers, W. 8. Clark. Wilburn*£ Bam k, ami M J, v Lunk, general merchants and Mr-. James Boagland, millinery and notions. There is a Methodist church, a free school and a aaa mill owned bj Coffmao & Hancock. V. L. Arnett, farmer, is a leading citizen. Win 1 1 -i:i i;i.n. (Lemon P sin McLean county. This place i- a trading j»< >i n t and landing sizty-sis miles from Evansville. I. Bay, dealer in general merchandise operates a Btore at this point. Wbiohtsbi ia. h. McLean county, is situated sixty-five miles above Evansville. The country back of the landing is well settled and in good state of improvement. Two miles inland is the town "I Beech Grove, which is quite a trading point. Geo. E. Cline is the proprietor ■>( an extensive handle factory at Wrightsburgh. Beech Grove is a < Biderable village, having a population <>t' some three hum I nil people. The merchants of Beech Grove are: M.( wheat, corn ami oats t<- !»■ larj WEBSTER COUNTY PRODUCTS. Parma Number . . . i \, ,. \. r. - .... 108 i ora, Buaheli 1,051 i '..!-. •• • Wheat, ■ ■ • 1 - tppli ■ ■ - :• r. , lri-1. I "...... Bw« > Potatoes, " . . . i Wool, I'l.iimU I H.. I.. Ooal, 1 [otM, Bheep, Kill-, Ponnda Ton- . . . ■i LIVE STOCK. Number 1"7 16,610 11-. '.U7 FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 117 SEBREE CITY Was first settled in 1869. Was laid off and began t<> attract settlers when the Louis- ville and Nashville railroad was Ideated through the county. The location of the town was due to the existence of mineral springs at this point. The name of the location before the advent of the railroad was Spring-dale. The present population of the town is about two thousand. The town is incorporated under the general law of the state. The municipal government is composed of a mayor, common council, city clerk, police judge and city attorney. The town has a system of graded schools, under the management of a school board of six trustees. The schools are supported by state revenues, and are free for five months. A session of three months in addition is maintained by tuition i'vrs paid by the patrons of the school. There are four churches, Baptist, Methodist, Christian and Catholic. The commercial interests of the town are represented by the following merchants: Sebree Dry Goods Co., composed of B. F. Jewell, S. F. Powell and A. B. Sellers; S. E Horner, Thomas Keane, Cox & Bro. and C. S. Cox, all handling dry goods; J. W. Springfield, groceries and drugs; W. I. Smith, groceries and drugs; P. Countzler & Son, drugs; Cox Bros., furniture and groceries; Ramsey & Hampton, groceries; Charles Cox, groceries; John A. Turpin, groceries; James Pearce, groceries; J. B. Yonts, saloon; J. Crysell, saloon; U. H. Royster, musical instruments; J. C. Wright and William McMullen, undertaker-; Miss Nannie King and Mrs. Fannie Ward, millinery; Frank Edwards, merchant tailor; Vaughn & Riddle and W. R. Clark, livery and sale stables; Sebree Deposit Bank, John A. Powell, president, and G. C. Skudmore, cashier, is operated under special charter. There are two hotels, the Phoenix and the Miller Hotel, the latter operated by an enterprising and most estimable lady, Mrs Helen Miller, is the popular resort of the traveling public. J. C. Yonts, local meat market, and dealer in live stock, poultry and hides. The industries of the town are represented by the following establishments: Five tobacco factories giving employment to three hundred and seventy-five operatives and handling some three million pounds of tobacco annually. These factories are operated by A. M. Riddle, T. J. Simple, J. B. Ramsey, J. A. Powell & Son, and A. J. McMullen, manager for J. D. Burr Reeves; one roller mill, operated by J. B Ramsey; one saw and planing mill, operated by S. R. Horner; one planing, scroll and lath mill, operated by Daniel McMullen; one coal mine, operated by Sebree Coal Company; Frank Berry, blacksmith and repair shop; one wagon manufactory and blacksmith shop, operated by Webb & Springfield, makers of the cele- brated Sebree wagon. The physiciaus are Dr. R. L. Agnew, Dr. C. Edwards, Dr. W. Edwards. Dr. Joel Parker and Dr. George Osborn. The Freemasons, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, K. G. C. and K. of H. all have flourishing organizations. The Sebree Herald, George S. Beard, editor and proprietor, is a live local, weekly newspaper devoted to the interests of the section, and the only newspaper published in Webster county. EASTWOOD, sixty miles above Evansville, is quite au important shipping point and the center of a growing trade. The country near it is very productive. Cattle, hogs, sheep, poultry and eggs are the principal articles of commerce. It is the landing for Sebree City, which is about two miles inland. A gnat deal of freight is landed here by the boats for Sebree City. J. T. Cox is the principal merchant at Eastwood, dealing in dry goods, groceries, drugs and general merchandise. He handles all kinds of country produce. lis I III ..LI I s RIVER COUN1 BY DAVIESS COUNTY Lll'.s ii, \t to McLean on the north. The count) was organized in 1815 and named in honor "I Col. Joseph Hamilton I »;i-v.i« — . a distinguished lawyer, \\li" had Berved as United States attorney for the Btate - after its admission into the union in 1 7 ". • "J . Col. Daviess represented the United Stal rnmenl in it- attempt t" indicl the celebrated Aaron Burr for high treason in 1806. He was killed a1 the battle ol Tippecanoe in 1811. The county of Daviess has a frontage on Green River >>( about thirty miles. The I interests "f the count) , however, li«' upon the < > I » i • • River, w bich flows "ii it- northern bord< r. The lands of the count) are generall) level, fertile and well cultivated. Those lying con- tiguous t<> < ireen Rivi r are well adapted t" the growth of corn, wheat and tobai - \ era] important trading j >< > i r 1 1 - on the river transact a large business in the shipment of these products, and in supplying the Burrounding country with needed commodities. Almost all the business ;it these points is done in the markets of Bvansville. 1 3.7'".* I • 118 VE STOCK. - I L' 1 1 l»i i \u m:i . Davieas oounty, is rituated fift) miles al">\'- Bvansville. The population is about two hundred. It hasag I trade, and is an important Bhipping point t'>r live stock and other products. There are two firms dealing in general merohandbx J I Mackey ami Paxton A Montague. W . \. Alben deals in gr xies. There is also a tl> »i i t-i 1 1 u mill operated by J. V. young, and a blacksmith Bhop operated by W. II. Johnson. Wesi I .< M i>\ i i.i.i-: i- situated in I 1 ounty about three miles inland, surrounded by a very fruitful region >■( country. Th< imunity in and around the town is progress- ive and prosperous. It bass population of aboul three hundred, and is supplied with t churches and bcI I-. It- landing for river traffic is < 'urdsville. The < >wensboro Banking ( lompany maintain- a brauch hi re and transacl a g 1 business, with Mr. J. I. B andfbrd a- ishier. The merchants of the place are : J. I. Thompson, J. II. Elder, II. C. Bartley and A.T.Williams. W I- Bros., millers and dealers in grain. Henry Burch, hotel. Ned II ia-. livery and sale stable. Tom Asher, blacksmith. The physicians are: Drs. T. M. Blandfbrd and John Clayton. 1 i B.D8VILLE, Daviess county, is forty-two miles from Bvansville. The town has a trade with Burrounding ntry, and is an important Bhipping point for live stock and DAVIESS COUNTY PRODUCTS. W -iJC, Pound- ll:iv, I'. iii- i bra, Bushels 1,619,000 1 -- OaU, ii - 'Ml-, Nil Hi i Wheat, ii - Average \> in " 181 IV:i, ! " ; ■ Iriuli PoUtl . . 89,088 Boimc Number '• 1,096 Males, Tobai Ponndi -.:.-n. 14:; 11 •• Shi ■ .. Chickens, FROM BOWl.INii GREEN To KVANSVII.I.E. 119 general products. A large tobacco stemmery is located here, handling a great ileal of this staple. Tin' merchants are : W. T. Tilford, -I. B. Morse, (i. W. Weldon, K II. Layson. H. II. McCain, grain and stuck dealer; Y. I>. Ervin and V. S. Shockley, liverymen. W. T. Galloway, saw mill. There are two hotels, one blacksmith simp and three churches. The physicians arc : J. E. Payne and J. H. McCain. Birk City, thirty-five miles from Evansville, is in Daviess county. It has a popula- tion of about one hundred. J. M. Wiles & Co., general merchants, transact an extensive business, handling the produce of the country and dealing in general supplies. HENDERSON COUNTY IS the last of the counties treated ol in the book of The Green River Country. Green River enters the Ohio in the northern portion of the county alter flowing twenty miles on its soil. It has about sixty-two miles of frontage on the river. The lands along the river are strictly alluvial and very fruitful in the production of corn, grass and tobacco. Wheat also grows well on the second bottoms. Horses, cattle and hogs are raised in great num- bers. The principal trading points on and near the river are: Spottsville, Bluff City, Masons' Landing, Hehhardsville and Cross Plains. The total output of coal in the county for 1896 was about one hundred and twenty thousand tons. There are five mines in oper- ation, viz.: Corydon, Henderson, Peoples', Baskett, Spottsville and Rankin. The Rankin mine at Spottsville, on Green River, is the largest producer in the county. This mine is operated by the Green River Coal and Mining Company, composed of Gwat Rankin, Thos. Lowery and Rankin Eastin. The mine produced forty thousand tons in 1896, marketed along the line of the Louisville, Henderson and St. Louis railroad, and at points below reached bv wav of Green River. HENDERSON COUNTY PRODUCTS. Farms, Average Corn, Oats, Wheat, Apples, '' Peaches, " Irish Potatoes, ' Sunt Potatoes, ' umber 2,858 Acres 101 Bushels 2,000,000 " 55,000 2i Hi, I 110,141 3,746 81,847 5,558 Tobacco, Pounds 10,918,060 Wool, " 11,390 Broom Corn, Pounds Honey, " Wax " Hay, Tons Horses, Mules, Sheep. Hogs, Chickens, Eggs, LIVE STOCK. Number . Dozens 5,000 8,591 112 6,261 4,385 3,437 3,204 32,656 132,714 415 250 SPOTTSVILLE Is iii Henderson county, and lias a population of about three hundred souls. It is the seat of a considerable industry in the coal trade, two mines being located here. It is situated 120 THK GREEN RIVER COI N I l:V al lock and dam No, I. on Green River, twenty miles above Evaosville. A g I farming conntr] Lies adjacent, and the merchants of the place handle a large volume of produce, consisting of tobacco, grain and live Btock. The trade "i Spottsville is principally with Evansville. The merchants are D. A. William- A- Mm.. I!. F. Crenshaw ami W..I. Ilurris & I'ii-m., all dealerein general merchandise. A saw mill is operated by W. M. Bauerheber and a ^ri-t mill by A. M. Cellar. There are t \\ > • churches, one a union church occupied lis M> thodists ami Presbyterians, ami one new Baptist church. The schools are under the gi neral law of the state, ami arc open about five months in tin- year. The Louisville, Henderson and St. Louis railroad crosses Green River at this point, maintaining a station ami telegraph office. Tin- town is also in communication with other points bj means "i tin- Cumberland telephone system. A great deal of live Btock i- reshipped Imii- from river landings t<> eastern markets by railroad. The traffic "t tin- region around Spottsville is so considerable that a -mall steamer tin. I- profitable employment in carrying passengers and freight t" and from Evansville. The steamer I'.. L. Reel, Captain James Gilligan, has been in this trade for s e time, and built up a fine business, besides being instrumental in developing the country by increasing it- transportation facilities. Evans- ville derh i - a gri at deal "t benefit fr this local river trad.', being tin nearest and -t jsible market for tin' products of the region from Spottsville down. In tin- matter of live Btock, if the business men "I Evaosville were fully alive t" tin- interests of tin- city, tiny would Bee to it that a live Btock market was provided, which would absorb tin- impor- tant item oi commerce, and prevent it being transferred to the railroads, as is now being done. What Evansville requires is a fullj equipped Btock yards, managed b) parties qual- ified to handle Btock in competition with Louisville. Joke Morris, head lookkeeper at lock No. ], mi Green River, is a native of thr state oi * mio. I n early life he learned the trade of a butcher, in which business he was engaged at the outbreak of tin- civil war. After tin' war dosed In' followed coal mining ami rafting for a period of fifteen years on Green River. He was one of tin- proprietors ami helped t" open tin Sligo mini' at Spotts- ville. In tin' year 1882 he was placed in charge of lock No. 1, on Green River, on account of his trustworthy character, by the Green and Barren River Navigation Company, whioh position he continued to till to tin' mtisfacti fthe company until 1888, when the companj -old out to tlir general government. \\ Inn the ivernment of the United States took possession of tin- improvement mi Green River, he continued as it- trusted employe in charge of lock No. I, which position he has held ever since, enjoying the confidence of the government as a -t competent offioer. Hi- is regarded a.- one oi the JOHN MORRIS HEAD LOCK KEEPER FROM HOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 121 most reliable and trustworthy men in the government service. Me has lived in Spottsville for a period of thirty years, is well known and highly esteemed by river men, and has the respect and confidence of the community in which he lives. Capt. M. L. Sauerhereu is a native of Leavenworth, Crawford county, lnd. He was educated in the common schools ol the county, receiving - a practical English education. In early life he worked with his father in the saw mill business, operating a floating saw mill ou the river. In this business they wore out about six floating saw mills, doing a large business. He began piloting about the year 1876, and was engaged'in this work fora .lumber of years on the Ohio, Salt and Green rivers. In 1885 he moved to Spottsville on Green River. He built a floating grist mill, but sold out and devoted himself to the saw mill business, operating a floating saw mill on Green River. The firm of W. M. and M. L. Sauerheber own and operate in connection with their extensive lumber and timber busi- ness the steamers Frank VonBehren and Little Clyde. In 1879 Capt. Sauerheber married Mi<- Martha Ellen Goldsmith, a most estimable young lad} oi Pitt's Point, Hardin county, Ky. LONGING FOR THE OLD SOUTHLAND. [The following impromptu lines were written by a home-sick southerner who found himself among strangers, ''busted" and shivering in the frigid air of northern Minnesota. They will be appreciated by readers of the "Green River Country" on account of their pathos and reference to life in the south land.] Down where the magnolia blooms And the cotton bolls are white, Where the honeysuckle sheds its sweet perfume And the mocking bird sings its evening tune, Down in the Land of Dixie. Down where the flowers bloom From April to December, Where the sleek, fat cattle roam at will And of blue grass and clover get their fill, Down in the Land of Dixie. Down where the old black auntie reigns Supreme o'er the kitchen range, With fat young pullet in the pan And rich brown gravy near at hand, Down in the Land of Dixie. Down where good fat biscuits come Hot and short from auntie's realm, With great broad slices of country ham And tin- deep brown platter of juicy "yam," Down in the Land of Dixie. Down where the possom thrives And is hunted in his season On moonlight nights when the berries are ripe. Sweet taters and possom 's the nigger's delight Down in the Land of Dixie. Down where my sweetheart lived, Down where she became my bride, Down where our children came to us, Down where we lived 'till I went "bust," Down in the Land of Dixie. Down where our baby died, Many changeful years ago, When we laid her asleep in her tiny bed, Witli the willows and daisies over her head, Down in the Land of Dixie. Down where the speech is soft, Down where the hearts are true, Where the latch-string hangs on the outer door And hearts and hands open as of yore, Down in the Land of Dixie. Down where I'd love to live 'Mong those who know me well, And when God calls, "your time has cornel" May we lie beside our little one, Down in the Land of Dixie. 122 I Ml GREEK KIVK.K . < •! NTRY ^Kif W. J HARRIS JOHN HARRIS W. J. HARRIS & BRO., I.i >ms< Mi i;i has i- and citizens of Spottsville have contributed very greatly by their progressive business methods to place the town of Spottsville in the list of live river (own-. These gentlemen are proprietors of the largest and most dern store in the place, and handle the largest stock of* ft I- "I any establishment in the country around. Their stock consists "I dry goods, groceries, I ts, Bhoes and furnishing g I~. and in fact, a general varietj Btook They are also proprietors of m first-class hotel, where the travel- ing public can feel as- sured of satisfactory en- tertainment. In ("ii- iM ction \\ iili tin ir busi- ness thej conduct a first-class meal market, catering t" the wants of the community i" the matter ■>!' tin- 1» -t se- lected in e a t b. T 1i e M> SSI rs. 1 1 :irri> :irc 1 >• > t li nun of ezoell <• n t ~< «i-ial attainments and ezi rcise a marked in- flnenoe in the society in LOCK AND DAM No 1 . AT SPOTTSVIIJJt wbiofa tlnvllM. PROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVII.I.K. 123 Hosts' Landing, Henderson county, Ky. Several openings into coal vein No. 9 occur in this vicinity. The vein here is reached by shaft about forty feet to bed of deposit. J. T. Hust, an extensive farmer, stock man and laud owner of the neighbor! I, has a shaft thirty-eight feet to coal vein abovehigh water. Mr. Hust owns a large coal area. Utopia mine is one and a half miles below H list's in the same vein and about uniform depth. Cummins' Landing, thirty-one miles from Evansville. 6. \Y. Cummins, general merchant and farmer. Hebbaepsville, Henderson county, is situated about three miles inland from the river at Bluff City. It is situated in a well improved and fertile portion of the county, and maintains a considerable traffic with Evansville by the river. The merchants are R. S. Hart & Co., S. S. Willingham and C. W. Johnson. Bluff City, Henderson county, a village twenty-four miles from Evansville on the left bank of Green River. Population about one hundred. The industries are one saw and grist mill and one portable saw mill. The Messrs. Henry and T. N. Haynes operate a large general store and carry on an extensive farming business. They also own and operate the ferry at this point. Exports at this landing consist largely of live stock, and it is one of the best points on the river between Evansville and Calhoun, except Whitesburgh. Mr. Haynes estimates that 75,000 worth of goods and supplies are lauded at the place annually from the river. ^3-S-S-3-S-5-S)j( }$&=•! PROF. CHARLES J. NORWOOD, Prof. Chas. J. Norwood, geologist and mining engineer, is of Virginia and Kentucky parentage. His father was Dr. Joseph G. Norwood, one of the illustrious early American geologists, who was principal assistant United States geologist in the first survey of the Lake Superior region; state geologist of the state of Illinois; assistant and for a time chief geologist of the state of Missouri, aud for nearly thirty-five years a professor in the Missouri State University. His mother was a great grand-daughter of William Grant and Rebecca Boone, sister of Daniel Boone. Charles J- received his educational training in part at the Missouri University, and in part from pri- vate instructors. He was assistant in his father's laboratory for nearly two years, and was assistant geologist in the Missouri sur- vey, under R. Pumfilly, and his successor, G. C. Broadhead, publishing several reports, among them being the first systematic cata- logue of fossils from the Missouri coal meas- ures that had been published, (1873.) He was assistant geologist on Kentucky survey for a number of years under N. S. Shaler, publish- CHARLES J NORWOOD 1-1 THE QRKKB KIVKR onr.NTKY ing several reports. He was the first geologist t.i identify and deosribe the Chester and St. Louis groups "I subcarboniferous rocks in Kentucky. Be was professor of natural Bcienct in Bethel college, Russellville, Ky., for about i'< m r yean, and chief inspector • •i mines for Kentucky for nearly thirteen yean, serving in addition as curator of the logical department of tin state tur four years He was for Beveral years an as- sistant in the collection of mineral statistics for the Dnited States geological Burvev. Prof Norwood bas done much geological work as an expert, in the western and southern states, has managed silver, lt < • 1 < I and coal mines, been i ngaged in l< ad and copper mining, and is now mining engineer and manager for two gold mining < paniee in Georgia, near I tahlonega. His eminence in his profession may be inferred from his ■ nection, either do« or formerly, with the different important scientific bodies of the country. 11< i- a felloe of the Geological Societ) of America, member of the Engineering Association of the South, serving a term as » cond vice president, and corres] ling member "I the St Louis Academy 3 nil. He was for years a member of the American Institute of Mining Engin and a fellow ofthe American Association for the Advancement ol Science, and was out ■■] the early members ol the Metrologies! Society of America, which has done bo much to introduce the decimal Bystera with respect to weights and measures in the United States. Prof. Ni'iu I began his professional work when nineteen Mar- of age, and has been a bus) man ever since. Ili- reputation is that "I a Bincere man, doing his dutj always, never betraying a trust or forsaking a friend. He married Mi-- Sarah K. Whit., a daughter "t the Hon. Daugherty White, .>l Clay county, Ky. They have three children, a son and two daughters. The son, now in lii- twenty-first Mar. is at college, preparing for the profi ssion • •t law; the daughters are at home with their mother, in Frankfort, Ky. A LAND OF PROMISE FOR HOME SEEKERS AND INVESTORS. I mi: I \ BOB \ M' ' All I \ l.. In treating of the resources ol the Green River country, it must not I"- forgotten that rich as it is in coal, minerals and timber, it- future lies in the development of it- agricul- tural resources. It- varied soils, adapted to i very kind ol grain, grass and fruit indigenous to tin temperate sone, must at an early da) attract the attention of those who desire and are willing to expend their labor in the erection of homes for themselves and children. Manufacturing enterprises may. ami no doubt will, create busy cent* rs of industry in and around th Bcene of their operations, but the sturdy mnrmra that produce the wealth ami give character and stability to a countr) have their homes upon it- soil. Nor i- much required in this favored region, beyond the ability and will to work, in the founding of a home. Lands can be obtained at almost nominal prices and in man) localities on terms bo favorable that an industrious man can pay for them with the proceeds of his current labor. All ditions exirt here to make this an attractive region for new beginners or persons with -mall capital. Ever) essential as to soil, water, climate and healthfulneea i- assnrred. Sol 1- and churches are i venient and social surroundings Bettled and Beoure. Markets an- in . a-\ reach and there is demand for every product Transportation facilities by water ami rail an good and are constantly being bettered. Persons with large capital may also find scope here t"r profitable investment ' >n the upper waters ol thi Gret n and Barren Rivers FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 125 are lands specially adapted to sheep husbandry and cattle grazing. The configuration of the country and climatic conditions are such that the maintainance of stock is easy and in- expensive. The hill lands of Warren, Edmonson, Butler, Muhlenburgh and Ohio counties are destined to become the scat of a great sheep culture. Fruit growers need not go to the Ozark Mountains to find a congenial habitate for the apple and peach. Here at an altitude but six hundred feet above sea level, is found the soil and the atmosphere in which, with proper selection and cultivation, these fruits reach a marvelous perfection. It is so with grapes, pears, apricots and all the small fruits. As fine flavored melons as the world produces are grown i n the clay soils of the Green River country. To particularize as to location of cheap lands and opportunities tor settlement and in- vestment, it is proper to begin with Edmonson county. This county has hitherto been without the means of transportation, in a great measure, and its lands and other resources have been neglected because iuaccessable. Immense quantities of timber and lumber have been floated out of its forests, but its wealth of coal, iron and soil is practically undeveloped. The new lock and dam on Green River, ten miles below Brownsville, the county seat, opens up navigation to a point some six or eight miles above the town and places a large portion of the county in communication with the markets of the country. About Brownsville and on both sides of the river to its junction with Barren River, are strong soils, alluvial in the river and creek bottoms and clayey on the ridges and table- lands. The land is well timbered. On Nolins ('nek, six miles above Brownsville, and Bee Spring, in the northwest part of the county, are splendid lands. All these lands possess agri- cultural value and range in price where un- improved from two and a half to five dollars per acre. Improved lands are worth more, accord- ing to location and state of improvement. Lands in Butler county range at similar prices, unim- proved hill lands at three to five dollars per acre and bottom land at from five to ten dollars. Butler county has an extensive river frontage and a large percentage ot alluvial soils, and with its varied capabilities as to production, together with its rapid advance along all the lines of development presents an attractive field for the agriculturist. All the grains and grasses grow well in the soils of Ohio, Muhlenburgh and McLean counties and lands may be obtained in any of these counties convenient to markets, schools and churches at values and upon terms favorable to persons of small means. The old adai;c, however, that "there is no excellence without labor" holds good in reference to the improvement of these lands, as in all other things. The natural forest still encumbers the soil and must be cleared away. The most fertile lands, which lie in the bottoms, require ditching and draining. But it is this very condition that makes the country more desirable to the man whose chief capital is his muscle and who possesses a determination to use that W. P. GREENE. AUTHOR OF "THE GREEN RIVER COUNTRY.' I Bl ..111 IN KIVK.lt (OIXTRY mnaole in building u|> his fortune Poultry farming, bee (arming and fruit farming are all Bpeoial branches of husbandry that may I"- -m-,-,— fully proeeouted on Green River. In fine, it' the farmer wishes t,> make a specialty of feeding li"L r » and « :i 1 1 1<- . here is Boil that will produce fr Beventy-five to one hundred bushels "t corn t,. the acre, [f he wish engage in gi oeral farming here is the varied soil of bottom and table lands exactly -uit<-( -t,,<'k, here are the hills ami valleys thai '_ r i\, vigor, health and endurance t" animal lit.-. It' his fancy inclines to Bpecial lines of farming, location and adaptation await his choice. The future of the Green River section is assured. It has the climate, the coal, the iron, the Btone, 1 1 > • - timber and above all the soil npon which t<> build it- coming social and commercial frreatness. Persons desirous of securing homes, engaging in agriculture in any of its branches, acquiring <"al or timber lands or Becking information on any subject <-,,u- neoted with the Green River Valley,are advised to address any ,,t the following named gentlemen, who will cheerfully respond t" all inquiries: P. J. Potter, president "l Potter's Bank; C. G. Smallhouse, president Warren Deposit Bank; Oapt. C. J. Vanmeter, Bowling Green; Hon. J. 8. Lay, Brownsville ; Dr. rk. The Bubstantial aid ,>t' Prof. C. J. Noro 1. Prof. M. H. Crump ami Judge I 1 afeElroy, win, contributed valuable articles t«> tin' work, is c.*|>ciially a|>|irociated. Mr. II. < ». Bohroeter, who eon- tributed most "t tin 1 river views, ami Mr. < . I. W allin, <>f Bowling Green, who furnished tlif views ami street illustration appearing in the article under head of Bowling Green, and Mr. TI Wooten, ,,t Rochester, wh ntributed views • >! Airdrie,are entitted t,, spe- cial mention in this connection. Mr ('. G. Smallhouse, of Bowling Green, ami Oapt I Howell, "!' Evansville, are each entitled t" thanks for favors ami great enooot ment in the prosecution ol the work. W.l' Gbbenk. FROM n()WI,IN(i fiKKKN TO EVANSVILLE. 127 THE CITY OF EVANSVILLE. THE City of EvaDsville, Indiana, is the natural terminus of the Green River system of navigation, and the commercial focus toward which the traffic of the region flows. Its situation, at the mouth of Green River, with its capacious harbor and water and railway connections with the entire country constitute it the depot of supply and distribu- tion for the Green River country. Its interests are, therefore, in a great measure indentical with those of the people of this section of Kentucky. The city is situated on a high plateau on the right bank of the Ohio River, in the State of Indiana, six miles below the mouth of Green River. Its high situation secures it immunity from floods and river overflow, and tends to establish a character for healthfulness possessed by few other cities in the United States. The city contains a population of seventy thousand souls and is the second city in point of population in the state of Indiana. In the variety and extent of her manufacturing interests she is the first in the state. In addition to supplying an immense domestic trade, many of her manufactured products find a market abroad. She ships furniture to South Africa and Australia, edge tools to Europe and farm implements to Mexico and the Central aud South American States. The product of her saw and flouring mills, her stove founderies and irou aud architectural work are not only distributed throughout the United States, but are exported to many of the countries of the world. Her relation to the Green River country in respect to one of her principal industries is very marked. Evansville occupies a conspicuous position as a hard wood market. Her mills have for years supplied vast quantities of these woods to all portions of the United States. These woods have come mainly from the forests of Green River and its tributary streams. The logging camps of the Green River country and the saw mills of Evansville have poured a continuous stream of wealth into the city and she owes much of her pros- perity and growth, as a city, to her fortunate situation at the mouth of this splendid river. A late writer, referring to the lumber trade of Evansville, gives proper credit to the Green River country for this great source of wealth to the city. He says: "Evansville has made Indiana famous the world over. For half a century this city has been the largest manufacturing point for hardwood lumber in the United States, and consequently the 128 TICK GBEEN RIVER COUNTRY -t iii the world. The excellent quality ••( the stock has made I amber from Evansville in demand wherever oak is used. Being in Indiana, the name [ndiana oak was naturally applied to lumber shipped from r 1 » i — city. The fad i ~. t h« greater part of the lumber supply of Evans ville comes now, as it al way 8 has, from Green River, in Kentucky. Along that stream the ":ik seems t" thrive as nowhen i Ise. For more than fifty yean logs have been ■ lit on its I >;i uk- and rafti d t" Evans> ille. In addition, millions of feet of lumber have be n sawed in mills along it- course and Bhipped to all parts "I the world. Most of this has been — < • 1 « 1 through Evansville concerns. This drain on the Bonrcee of the supply has been noticed, lnit Kin- of the lii^r mill owners says there is apparently enough left to last for fifty years i" come. The Evans ville mills produce one hundred million feel of lumber annually and 1 1 • « - mills "M Green River probably balf as much more. Scum- of the land has been cut over three times. Trees entirely too small for use at • cutting, in tin course of fifteen '>r twenty years, mature int arketable Bise. Tin- Ban mill- of Bvansville only number five now, whereas at one time there were thirteen here. The five cut almost a- much lumber with improved machinery as the thirteen 'lid. Much of tin- lumber manufactured in Evans- villi- i- used in the furniture factories "t the • - i i ^ . The tart that excellent oak lumber was manufactured here induced most "t tin factories to locate in Evansville. North, east ami west, tin- demand for [ndiana oak i- Mill largely rapplied from this city. Furniture facto- ries and car shops are theheaviesl users." Evansville may be congratulated, in foot, on tin- fortune that has thus placed her in such close relationship with tin- grand country through whiofa flows tin Green River. Derided, hereto- fore, a- a land "t Baw-logs, I p-poles and uncultured w l-cutters, thisot try i.- entering on a career "t de- velopment and wealth production that will - convert it int" the garden -put of Kentuoky. It- soil, it- coal. it- building Btone, it- iron, ami it- timber i Btitute a group of elements bo essential to the want- of man- kind that capital ami population must necessarily -■■< k their presence. Already there are mighty evidences ■•! advance along all the lines of progress in the valley of the Green River. This is observable in the opening up ami extension of farms, in tin- opening of new coal mines, in the establishment of wood-working ami other manufacturing plant-, in the springing up of new towns ami villages ami the extension of old ones, in die building id churches ami school houses, in the found- ing of colleges, an. I through ami above all i- the bouyant disposition of it- people, who have caught the -|iiiit m( progress and who seem to realise that their country, like a bride robing herself for tin- altar, is put i i i ■ tr <>ii her wedding garments preparatory to a union with a high and noble destiny. The jobbing and supply trade of the city i- second only in imports • t" her manufactures. In drj e I-. fancy ami staph groceries, hunt- ami shoes, hat-, clothing, hard- ware, drugs, millinery, china, glass and queensware, mill supplies, notions and confectioneries, ami, in fact, in every line of merohandU TYPICAL I-OGOIH or .IHKKN KIV*R FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVIIXE. 120 desirable for farm anil domestic use, her stocks are ample and her merchants broad-minded and liberal and fully alive to the relation thev bear to the trade of the country. The general aspect of the city of Evansville is that of a flourishing and progressive city It covers an area of about five square miles and extends for a distance of four miles along the Ohio River. The city has fifteen miles of bricked streets, embracing the princi- pal business thoroughfares and many of the chief residence streets. Electric lines penetrate all portions of the city. It is the boast of the city that it has the best street car service of any city of its size in the country. It has twenty-six miles of electric street railway. All the city buildings, provided for its various public needs, are of brick and constructed on modern principles with a view of serving the purpose of their erection. They are steam ■SI ill ^■ppn CITY BUILDING. heated and lighted bv electricity. The central building, occupied by the several depart- ments of the city government, is arranged with a special view of meeting the requirements of the government as instituted by the new charter. The first floor contains the office of the mayor, comptroller, treasurer, clerk and secretary of the water works. The second contains the council chamber and rooms for meetings of the various boards constituting the executive departments of the city government. Adjoining are spacious buildings devoted to the departments of justice and the tire and police departments. In addition to these central buildings, there are ten other commodious buildings for the use of the fire and police departments, located in different parts of the city. The city owns the water works, which are now being improved and capacity enlarged by the erection of a new pumping station and the addition of larger mains. 130 I ill. 0REE5 BTVEB OOTOTBY / / The pnblio schools of the city are a feature of it- civic progress, "f which it- citizens may well be proud. There are seventeen public acl I building pletely equipped with every modern appliance neoessarj to secun comfort and impart instruction. Tin- lull course of Btudy from the primary grades i" and through the high school department, embrao period "I eighf years, and the pupil who re© his or her diploma at the end of the course has aoquired ■ most thorough practical education. The city isthoronghly lighted by both gas and electricity in all its part-. The city's present degree of prosperity, together with it- remarkable development in the line of public improvements that contribute t" the comfort and convenience of it- people, i- due in a great measure t.i the public Bpiritednt -- and civic pride of it- business nun. The Business Men"- Association, organised in bas • ci rted a powerful influence in bringing about reforms in the oity gover nt, in pro- moting public improvements, in harmonizing public sentiment with moden tthods and pi r.--. In securing a more faithful observance and • \- ecution "t municipal law and in general conserving the lii^lu-i good "t the municipality. The two commercial bodies of the city, the Business Men's Association and the Manufacturer-' Association, arc essential elements in the forces that are constantly adding to the growth of the city. The Busi- n, .- Men's Lssociation building, a stately structure, embodying all the essentials of architectural art and business convenience, erected in 1889, was one of the achievements "f tin- organisation. This beautiful building i- five stories in beightfa and is constructed • >( stone and pressed brick. It con- tains the Grand Opera House and Business Men's Hall, besides numerous store rooms and off The Kvan-villc Manufacturers' Association was organised in the spring of 1892, and grew rapidly until it- membership to-day numbers over one hundred <>f the leading manufacturing en- terprises of the citv. It- first president was Mr. Charles Bchulte, under whose administration t 1m- \ — Nation _'!••■ u rapidly and secured a firm toot- ing. He was succeeded by Mr. Walter M. Schmitt, who served in that capacity for two term-. During Mi. Sch mitt's incumbency "t the presidency, a stock company was organized for the purpose of pur- chasing a building t" In- used as the |» rmanent HON W M AIKIN MAYOR OP EVAN3VILLE J R OOODWIN. PRIST BUSINESS MENS ASSOCIATION FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 131 P ^^litll all -. fi _? ^ headquarters of the Association. Mr. Schmitt and other members of the Association were very active in forming the stock , ^ company, and in less than a month's time more than sufficient stock had been subscribed to pay for the mag- nificent premises now occupied by the Association, at the corner of Second and Division Streets. The Association lias no debts, and is in good financial condition, with the finest headquarters in the State of Indiana. Mr. Schmitt was suc- ceeded in the presidency by Mr. B. F. Von Behren, whose administra- tion was marked for ability and careful management of the associa- tion's affair's. The present incum- bent of the chair is Mr. Theodore R. McFerson. Mr. McFerson has always taken a deep interest in the success of the association, and being a man of public spirit, the power of the association for doing good in the community will not be permitted to wane. The financial affairs of the association are under the direct management of a board of directors, the present board being as follows: B. F. Von Behren, Fred A. Riehl, George T. Schultze, Louis Stoltz, Fred Grote, Gust. Wey- and, W. M. Schmitt, 6. F. Jacobi, J. R. Good- win and Chas. W. Britz. The majority of the members take an active interest in the affairs of the association, and its meetings are conse- quently well attended. Some conception of the magnitude of the commerce of Evansville may be gained by an enumeration of the var- iniis lines of transporta- tion that have sought MANUFACTURERS' ASSOCIATION BUILDING BUSINESS MENS ASSOCIATION BUILDING. III! OR] EN RfVER POUN1 RY her wharves and warehouses. Nine railroads run trains into the city from all points east, north and south, [n addition she baa two local roads, the Evansville, Newburgh A Baburban and tin- Belt, aurroundiog the city. These embrao Beveral importanl systems, among which ma) be mentioned the Evansvil Terre Haate, the Louisville & Nashville, the [llinois Centra), 1 1 « « - Peoria, Decatur A Evansville and the Louisville, Evansvill< a St. Louis, Evansville <& [ndia- napolia, Evansville & Richm I. and the Louisville, Henderson & St. Louis, all "t which have - 'u __ _^j connecting lines, placing the city in i munication with all portions of the United States. There are ten steamboat lines terminating or touching at her wharves. These place the city in close communication with all points "ii tin- Ohio valley Bystem "t waterways V li -- than seven of these lines have tlnir termini at Evansville, vis.: The Evansville, Ohio «v Green River Transportation Co., the Evansville, Paducah .v. Cairo Packet <'".. the Louisville & Evansville Packet Co., the Evansville & Henderson Packet Co., the Evansville & Owensboro Packet <'".. the Evansville & Tenm River Packet Co., the Evansville & Nashville Packet • '.... and the Green River Packet Co. represented by the steamer J. C. Kerr. All of these river lines con- tribute more or less to the business and growth "I the city, and are ol importance from that fact, but as pertinent to the subjeel matter of this work, only those lines are Bpecificalh mentioned which are engaged in promoting the into rests of Evansville in its relations to the Green River trade. This trade is of such paramount importance t" the < ■ i t v- that 1 1 ■ < - means by which it i- < Berved becomes matter ol most interesting consideration to every citizen "I Evansville as well as «>t the Green River country, therefore, a somewhat detailed notice of them, as also "t the nun whose enterprise ami public — |»i i-it inaugurated, and is now maintaining them, seems peculiarly within the |H"\ inoe "i ilii- work. T R McPERSON. PKISID«NT MANUPACTURKR S ASSO N EVANSVILLE, OHIO & GREEN RIVER TRANSPORTATION CO. This company was organised in 1889 for the purpose "I doing a general t ■ • w i 1 1 v r busi- ness on the Ohio, Green and Barren rivers and tluir tributaries. Th< incorporators ami owners of the oompanj were the late T. J. Moss, of St. Louis; Capt Lee Howell, of Evans- ville, liul.. and B. F. Givens, of St. Louis Messrs. Moss and Givens were at that time operating the largest cross-tie and timber business in the west, and in conjunction with the Towboat < !ompanj . the} opened n |> a cross-tie and timber business in tin- < Ireen River ter- ritory, which has since been increased t" verj large proportions Within the past two years two packet steamers have been added t" the equipment "l tlii^ company with the design and determination of furnishing t.. the people ol the Green River country and t<> the business interests of Evansville, a reliable and permanent packet service, prompt in the discharge ■>! it^ engagements and responsible in the discharge of everj FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVA NSVIT.I.E. 133 rrrr rr liJSmljIIIIIIIII 'JLL_ -^ ^ZmT STEAMER CRESCENT CITY OP THE E. O &G R TRANS CO SALON OP THE STEAMER CRESCENT CITY. OF THE E , & G R TRANS CO I.; i I II K QBE1 N RTVEB I OUN | |;y obligation it assumes as a oommon carrier on these craters. The preeenl equipment "I tin- ipany (i>r the purpose .it transporting passengers and freight consists <>f the Bteamers Crescent City and Gayoeo. These vessels are well fitted for the trade, baving a large carrying capacity, :i n 1 1 > 1 • - deck room and excellent passenger accommodations. Both vessels bave been Bubjeoted t" Bach improvements and repairs that they are practically new boats. New boilers and machinery have been pot in and everj pan has l)i. ii thoroughly overhauled with a view to attain the maximum "t Becurity and comfort for the passenger traffic as well as the largest efficiency in the transportation <>f freight. These vessels make Bemi-weekly trip-, plying between Evansville and Bowling Green, touching at all landings en route. It is the design of the oompanj to add t.i it- equipment as the requirements >>i the service demand. With the expanding trade following u| the rapid development "f the country, the time is mar at hand when the company anticipates the need ■•( another vessel. Arrangements are now being made looking t" this end. \\ itli a third vessel added t" tlnir equipment, the upanv « ill be enabled to establish a daily line nt' -u ilt running park' ts, leaving Evansville and I'n.u lin^ ( ill i ii ilail\ for all point- on ' i iv ii. Bar- ren and Rough rivers. With ili>' putting in of a thinl boat, it is antici- pated that the rapidly increasing commerce will demand 1 1 » * - establish mi in of a daily river mail route, which, with the postal sen ice already existing, will place the river towns on an equal- ity, as t" mail facilities, with the rest ■■( the country. When tlii- is at mplished, it i- in lii vida new face will !"• put upon the Green River trade. 8uoh an intimacy of trade relationship between Evansville and the people "f the Green River country will result that tlnir intercourse will consist of the daily exchange "t products and commodities. The com- pany is also engaged in tin- towing business, in which service it has the towboats Long- fellow and Little Tom Moss, with a large fleet of barges. This branch of the company's business embraces the transportati t cross-ties, lumber, coal, grain and other large ship- ments from landings on Green, Barren, Ohio, Cumberland and Tei ee rivers, to Evans- ville. The chief owners and promoters of tlii- enterprise are Evansville people and primarily interested in the business prosperity of this city, also taking a deep interest in the development and commercial prosperity ol the Green River country. The people "f that section may l» assured that tlnir interests will be Btudied and everj effort used by the company t" promote these ends. The Evansville, « * 1 * i • ■ a Green River Transportation Company transacts it- bun- STEAMBR OAYOSO OF THE E AG R TRANS CO FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVIEEE. 135 ness on the principle of u mutuality of interests between it and its patrons, realizing that confidence is the basis of permanent business relationship. The company therefore hopes that this confidence will be extended, pledging itself to the performance of every obligation devolving upon it, in the spirit of fairness and mutual dependence. CAPTAIN LEE HOWELL. Captain Howell is a native of the state of Alabama. His early life was that common to farmer boys of our country at that period, and presents a picture of youthful ambition and ardent desire to win a place in the world, so characteristic of our American youth. At the age of fifteen years he left the farm and became a clerk and bookkeeper in a general country store. From this time forward his career was one of progression. From a country boy to the position of assistant general freight agent of one of the greatest railroad corpor- ations in America, is the epitome of his life's his- tory. What a study this presents to our young men, who stand appalled at the seeming difficulties of preferment, forgetting that the future holds a place of usefulness and honor for everyone who is worthy. The best summary of a man's worthiness and ability may be gathered from his achieve- ments. Judged by this aphorism Captain Howell's worth and ability are beyond question. He became a citizen of Fvansville in 1880, coming here in the capacity of general agent of the Louisville & Nash- ville Railroad Co. In the year 1882 he was ap- pointed general freight agent of the Evansville & St. Louis and the Evansville, Henderson & Nash- ville divisions of that company, with headquarters at Evansville, and adopted this city as his future home, identifying himself from that time on with all of its interests and concerns. He has held many positions requiring fidelity to the interests involved in all of which no form of eulogy better expresses the character of his service, than to say, he has always performed his duty to the best of his knowledge and ability. In his present position as representative of a great corpora- tion, a position involving vast responsibility and immense business interests, his attitude is simply that of devotion to the duties entailed by his relationship to the company he serves. It is proper to say here in passing, that no breath of public prejudice is well founded, that associates Capt. Howell with any design or purpose of aggrandizement of himself or the corporation he represents at the expense of the city of Evansville or its people. On the coutrary, it is his earnest desire, as his actions attest, to contribute in every way possible and to use whatever means his position affords him, towards the upbuilding and material good of the community in which he makes his home. His life as a citizen is marked by the same attribute of duty that has been a CAPT LEE HOWELL. PRES T. OF THE E . O. & G. R TRANS. CO 1 36 i in OBBI N imvki: OOUN1 i:v factor in bis conduct in the many positions of responsibility and tru-t which be ba« bald. Hi- everyday condud in the walk- • >(' private lift -h..w him to 1" faithful t" friends and family, kind and neighborly to his acquaintances and exemplary in bis habits and observance i,i social decorum. In public he i- distinguished by lii- readiness t" assist in every worthy enterprise for the public ;_'""m- phase in In- character as a citizen d< mphasis, not only tor the i that it illustrates the activity of hi- disposition, but also exhibits in a very forcible manner lii- interest in the progress and prosperitj of the city of Evansville. It may be called public-8piritedne8s. It is manifested in the inauguration of public business enterprises, which, though private in themselves, have in them bo large an element oi public utility, that tbej are of the nature '>f public improvements and c lucive to the wel&re "i the whole community. Thus, he was "i>e ■•( the principal pr h rs of the Evansville, Suburban \ v wburgh railroad, an enterprise that has been <>t' ii" little value to the city "I" Evans- ville. He was one of the principal founders of the town of Howell, which has grown to 1" an important adjunct t<> the city, adding greatly to it- trade and consequence. He was instru- mental in the locati if the railroad -h"|p- at that place-, by which hundreds of laboring men and mechanics o( Evansville have obtained constant and lucrative employment, and thousands of dollars have found their way nthly into the hand- of the tradesm t the city. His latest and perhaps most important achievement in the interest of Evansville, was the formation of the Evansville, Ohio A Green River Transportation < '<•. Realizing the vast importance. of the Green River trade t" Evansville, and that other competing cities were makiBg Btrenuous efforts t" divert it. he determined t.. establish a permanent and reliable packet Bervice on the river, thus affording the manufacturers and merchants oi the city [ >r* «i ii | »t and expeditious means of reaching the trade. He raw long ago what others are beginning t" realize now — the marvi llous development that is taking place in the country bordering Green and Barren Rivers and proceeded to lay the foundation for Evans- ville to reap the benefits accruing therefrom. In pursuance of this design a packet Bervice was inaugurated in < <'ti«>n with the Evansville, Ohio and Green River Transportation < '.... which was originally organized as a towboat company, and the Bteamers Evansville and Gayosc were purchased, both "t which bad been previously operated in the trade but had continuously lost monej for their owners. En ntering much opposition at the start be- cause his motives were not understood and surmounting many difficulties, he, as the guiding -jiirit of the enterprise, has moved steadily forward in the accomplishment of his pun In tin foce of some home prejudice and that of a lew people >>n the river growing out of the laei of his connection with the Louisville «v Nashville Railroad Company, and the misapprehension that the Railroad Company wa- interested in the steamboat enterprise, he has calm I) bent himself to the task assumed, conscious that sooner or later his efforts will lie appreciated l.\ those he has undertaken to rarve. It does not detract from the merit of these works, to -ay, that they were undertaken for personal end-. The merit i- all the greater when it i- considered that the ri-k of failure is all bis, w bile it successful, the public -hare in the Ken. tit-. The day may be h>ni: deterred when the ('it\ ol Kvan-ville will honor to Capt. Howell for his many deeds in her behalf; but time, the great vindicator, will sooner or later place his name in the category of public spirited men, who, while Beam- ingly absorbed in their own pursuits, yet tind time and opportunity i" be "i use t" their fel- l"W men. FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVA NSV I I.I.K. 137 B. F. GIVENS Is one of our most enterprising and progressive young business men. He, with Capt. Lee Howell, is the owner of the entire stock of the Evansville, Ohio A: Green River Transportation Company, operating a line of passenger and freight steamers on Green River, and a line of tow boats on the Ohio, Tennessee, Cumberland and Green Rivers, handling railroad ties, lumber and other heavy commodities. He is also the largest stock holder and superintendent of the T. J. Moss Tie Company, one of the heaviest dealers in ties in this country. The operations of this company cover a field embracing the Ohio, Tennessee, Cumberland and Green Rivers and the railroad lines smith, shipping ties to all points in the country. Evansville and St. Louis are the two main points of delivery by water transportation. Mr. Givens is also interested in the Tennessee River Tie and Lumber Company, whose main office is at Paris, Tenn. This company operates extensive saw mills and yards at Coatopa, Ala. Mr. Givens is a native of Howard county. Mo., where he was burn Jan- uary 30th, 1859. He was educated at Central College, Fayette, Mo., and on attaining manhood, entered into partnership with his father, who is a large lauded proprietor of Howard county, in the business of farming and stock dealing. He prose- cuted this business with success until 1887, when he sold out his interest and removed to St. Louis, engaging in the railroad tie business with his brother-in-law, the late T. J. Moss. On the death of Mr. Moss, in 1893, he, with others, organized the T. J. Moss Tie Company, becoming its largest stock holder and superintendent. As a successful business man Mr. Givens has but few equals. Possessed of rare executive ability and fine business judgment, the enterprises in which he has engaged have been uniformly successful. He is zealous in his determination to assist in developing the Green River country, and in bringing its vast resources of coal, iron and timber into practical utility. With this end in view, he and his associate, Capt. Howell, have established their line of packets on the river, feeling satisfied that ultimately the enterprise will prove a success, and that their reward will come in the increasing commerce of the country, as its agricultural and mineral wealth is developed. The people of the Green River country and the business men of Evansville may congratulate themselves that two such enterprising and public spirited gentlemen as Mr. Givens and Capt. Howell have undertaken to establish a permanent and reliable transportation service on the Green River system of water ways. A minute description of the numerous public buildings which adorn the streets and environs of the city is beyond the limits of this work. A brief reference to a few of them is all that will be attempted. In the environs of the city is situated the Southern Insane 10 B. F GIVENS OF E , 0. & G. R. TRANS. CO. 138 THK GREEN RIVER COUNTRY So8pital, a state institution, built :it a cost to the state •■! four hundred and fifty thousand dollars; the United States Marine Hospital; the building supied by the Little Sisters of the Poor— a Catholic charitable institution — the Poor Clares afonasfc ry; thet Orphans' Home and the Home "t the Friendless. Within the city are the splendid buildings "t the St. Mary's COURT HOUSB Hospital, the Deaconess' Home and the Willard Library. The county court hous oupy- i 1 1 _• an entire block in the heart "t the city, is one "I the finest buildings in the city. This magnificent structure, l>uilt entirely of Btone and finished in the most elaborate manner in every detail, cost upwards of three quarters "f a million dollars. < ai-i. Ki< n m:i« II. Williams was born in Pike county, [ndiana,near Peters- burgh, in 1854. Captain Williams re- oeived lii- earlj education in the common sol I- <>t lii~ native county and grad- uated in the Evansville Commercial Col- lege at the a^"- of eighteen. His first employment in steamboating was as <-lcrk on the steamer Mary Ajnent, in the Can- nellton and Evansville trade. His entire life Bince has been Bpent in Bteamboat- ing "ii the waters "t the < >1 1 i . » . Mi--i~- sippi and Green rivers. He married at \*irk.-!>nri;li. Mi->. \\ a- • -:i j >t :t i n <>f the steamer Silver Cloud. Engaged in the CAPT RICHARD H WILLIAMS " •'"-""" &» ■ Bhoil tin., in FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 139 CAPT. M. J. KEPLINGER. 1 S!Ci — 4, and took command of the Steamer Evansville, now Crescent City, on Green River in December, 1890, which vessel he still commands. Captain Williams has held a captain's license for sixteen years. Capt. M. J. Keplinger was born at Rumsey, Ky., in 1861. He began steamboating as a pilot on Green River, in 1883. He served as a pilot on the river for thirteen years, and was made master in December, 1896. In 1887 he married Miss Tillie Seasongood, of Evansville, and is now the father of two bright and interesting children — a boy and a girl. During his long service on the river he has been on the steamers Bowling Green, Evansville, Clarksville, Gayoso and Long- fellow. He is at present master of the steamer Gayoso. Capt. A. L. Snyder, superintend- ent of the Evansville, Ohio & Green River Transportation Company, was born in the state of Ohio in 1837. His career as a steamboatman has covered a period of forty-two years. He began life on the water as a deck hand on Ohio River steamers and has filled all positions in the service except that of cabin boy or in the cook room. He has served on the Mississippi when wood yards were kept by Indians. He has served on the Upper Missouri River and seen herds of buffalo swimming the river, and eaten buffalo steak from the haunches of the animals lassoed from his boat. Cap- tain Snyder operated the tow boats for the Evansville & Green River Navigation Company for eighteen years. Upon the organization of the Evansville, Ohio & Green River Transportation Company, he became its superintendent. He is well known on all the rivers and his reputation for skill and experience in all matters relating to steamboating is universally recognized among river men. Captain Snyder is a resident of Evansville and has a pleasant home at No. 30 Emmett street, in said city. The institutions of the city which represent her social progress are numerous and are sustained with noble liberality by her CAPT A L. SNYDER I w TIIK liliKKN lilVKK < fl \ 1 ICV people. Almost nil deaomi nations of religion known i" Christianity are represented by one ■ ii more organizations. Thi re are fifty-four churches, and a number of religious or quasi- religious societies, all "I which are well supported. < >m ol the most active and aggressive organizations "t the latter descrip- tion, and one which is perhaps most universally supported is the Young Men's Christian A — ciation. The association has a magnificent l>uiliital> for the treatment "t all cases "I disease ami bodily suffering which seek tlnir ministration. The Deac as* II •. maintained by the Protestant German churches, and the St Mary's Hospital, maintained by 1 1 » • - Catholic church, are two institutions of tlii- character, "f which the citizens ol Evansville may well !»• proud. M \ i:-n >< iNTLiU Bakeby, S. 8. Scantlin, Manager -Manufacturers of Fine Crackers, Cakes and Bread, s ml and [ngl< Streets. This is one ol the largest and most important manufacturing establishments in the nitj ol Evansville. [ts establishment dates from 1 ^ s l . The present works were erected in 1893, and are equipped with every modern improvement and ivenienoe. The ground area of the building is 100x246 feet, containing basement, first and second Boors. The first tl contains the offices, salt - and ~lii|>|«in^r departments. Tin' packing room and machinery for making crackers, bread and cakes occupies thi second tl« >■ >r. The principal ovens are located "ii the first floor. The entire plant is heated by steam and lighted by electricity. The present output >>t the factory is fifty barrels of crackers and five thousand loaves "t bread daily, with facilities for almost unlimited exten- sion of product. The equi] sot of the establishment embraces ovens and appliances for the production of fine cakes and fancy styles "f baked g Is, t'>r which there isa large and increasing demand. This firm enjoys an immense trade in all the country tributary to Evans- ville. MCA hi: FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 141 THE GREEN RIVER ROUTE. The Transportation Line on Green River, operated by ('apt. R. T. Williams, is known as t lie Green River route. At present Capt. Williams is running only the steamer J. C. Ren- in this trade. The steamer Kerr is a splendid vessel for the trade, being distinguished for her light draft and remarkable carrying capacity. Capt. Williams entered the trade in 1888, soon after the government of the United States took possession of the Green River system. He first operated the steamer Maggie Bell, and then the steamer Blue Wing, but both these boats proving too small for the fast developing trade of the river, in 1892 he boughf the steamer J. C. Kerr, with which he has done a large and increasing business ever since. "^jl^i^" ' " "' " '*'l'"Hlilll»l>iiilllil5lllilMII ll'eU!.ILW^*---Ei:~---' * \4*T' ^ £>-- STEAMER J. C. KERR. The Kerr makes two trips each week from Evansville and return to all points on Green and Barren rivers. The officers of the steamer Kerr are : R. T. Williams, captain; J. Edgar VV ill iams and Jeff H. Williams, clerks, and Thomas A., Wm. N. and Joseph E. Williams, pilots, whose courteous bearing and honest dealings with the Green River people have made their line universally popular with shippers and merchants from Evansville to Bowling Green. CAPT. RICHARD T. WILLIAMS Is a native of the state of Indiana. He was born in Franklin county April 2(ith, 1833. His early life was spent on a farm. His father died while he was yet a boy, and he l 12 TMK GR1 EH RIVER ColNTRY remained with hi- mother, assisting her in the ear.- of the f:irm until her death, which oocorred when he was about the age ol rixteen. The death of lii- mother resulted in the -'•attiring of the family, and left him dependent on hi- own exertions for a livelihood. He came to Southern Indiana where he learned the carpenter's trade and -pent some yean work- ing at the busint --. accumulating some means, which he invested in ■ saw and flouring mill ? near Alton, Ind. In 1856 be married M be Patience Suddarth, a most estimable young lady, daughter of a prominent family of Perry / » ^^ connty. In 1880 he disposed of his milling in- terests and began steamboating on the Ohio River, running a line of Bmall packets in the local trade from Btephensport to < ►weneboro and points between. He remained in the trade until 1888, when the Green River being opened to free navigation by the government he entered that trade in which he lia- continued ever Bince. Captain William- i- an experienced steamboat man. and ha- obtained a strong bold upon the people of the Green River section l>\ Id- de. votion t" their interests. He is a man of strong purpose and integrity of character, and has been influential in developing the trade of the river, and promoting and maintaining fair and reasonable rate- on the river, which, prior to hi- entering the trade, were in the hand- of a monopoly. In operating his line of trans- portation in this trade, he i- faithfully as-isted by his live -on-, all id' whom till positions on his boat. Captain Williams is a ^^^__ ^•^^ worthy memlier of the Masonic ^^^^^ V fraternity, which onhr he joined \ in 1864, being made a mason in W 0m± 2T f IJ "" Morri- I.od-e N... ^aW W^ Concordia, Ky. He demitted *^. h thi- lodge in 1856, and was a charter member of Alton lodge No. 202, at Alton, Ind., being the first senior warden of this lodge, under dispensation from ■ ■ 1 1 rand I "■':' " : £ ^ s ^ 3 xAlW Mill? u ^fe?^ nni I'"' '■"^■: 'NEW ERA' T STEAM PLANTS A SPECIALTY. THE HEILMAN MACHINE WORKS, Correspondence Solicited. EVANSVILLE, INDIANA. 1 II I HI OBI EN RIV ■ I RY THB BOSTON STORB-FOWLBR. DICK A WALKBR DRY OOOD8 HOU8B ON MAIN STREET TKI HANDSOUBST Bl'SINISS Bl'ILDISO III BVANSVII.LB BUILT OP OOLITIC LIMBSTOSB PROII TBB ORIIS HIVIK COUNTRY FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVII.LE. 1 i:> i 16 THE GRKI.S RIVER COUNTRY needed by tin- retail trade, and do retail merchant need fear disappointment in looking t" Evansville for supplies for lii- business. A- :i market for farm products Evansville claims equality with anj other within her territory. Including her eleven flouring mills and eral other special dealers in grain, the city has thirty establishments > ngagi d in handling farm products. Borne of these buy only for the local market, which absorbs a large share MELZBR SOAP WORKS of this trade, but there are Bevera] who engage extensively in buying and shipping bo east- ern markets. The retail establishments of the city are upon a scale to attract buyers from points for outside "I her local bounds. The immense variety and magnitude of the stocks carried, together with the narrow margin of |m>iit with which her merchants are content, are sufficient t" acoounl for the verj large trade which reaches the <-. In fretting u|> the w>rk the publishers met with many ditli- culties, ami have expended all the money received from subscriptions and advertisements in making the work beautiful. They wish to saj particularly THAT IT WOULD HAVE BEEN UTTERLY IMPOSSIBLE [X> HAVE PRINTED SUCH \ HANDSOME WORK EX< l IT FOR THE PATRONAGE RECEIVED FROM EVAN8VILLE MERCHANTS [n view of this fact, they nrge their Green River friends to do all in their power t" reciprocate with their trade and orders t" these merchants, who are certainly greatly interested in The Green River Country. FROM BOWXING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 147 L Puster $ Co. MANUFACTURERS FOR THE TRADE OF A LARGE LINE OF French Conopy Chamber Suits. SW I LL 1 "" l^ed^tead^ Wardrobe^. ESTABLISHED 1883 SCHELOSKY & CO. Exclusive Manufacturers and Jobbers in . . «* <# TABLES. Extension Tables a Specialty. 409 to 421 Harriet Street, EVANSVILLE. IND. 1 18 THK GREEN RIVER COUNTRY » i -. I : I THE VULCAN PLOW GO. I HEILMAN PLOW CO. J 877-1898. ) EVAN5VILLE, IND. Manufacturers of the Celebrated VULCAN Chilled Pious and RO^E: CLIPPER Slee.1 Plows. ALSO VULCAN Hill-Side, New Ground, £ ingl< s Shovel, Doubh i Shovel Plows. All goods are STRICTLY HIGH GRADE and are warranted SATISFACTORY. Write lor CATALOG and prices. '<«<«< ""•«• > FROM BOWLINO (JRKEN TO KVANSVILI.E. 14 ft CHARLES LEIGH & 00. ^ Wholesale if Druggists. If -EVANSVILLE, IND. Remember Ceurts SELLS GOOD SHOES 313 Main Street. EVANSVILLE, INDIANA. GO THERE. M. CARV. U. W. MARBLE. CARY & MARBLE, PROPRIETORS Owensboro Planing MML DOING A GENERAL MILL BUSINESS. X AND DEALERS IN < { LUMBER. SASH. DOORS. &c \ > Builders' Hardware. } s Foot Locust Street, \ I OWENSBORO, KY. | 150 I ll l GREI \ BIVER CX)UNTRY Boctticbcr, Kellogg $ Co. DEALERS IN HARDWARE and CUTLERY. •.** Tin and Enameled Ware, Guns, Pistols and Ammu- nition, Mechanics' Tools. Building Hardware. •** 122 om 124 Upper Hist sireei. , V Aft.3 VSlLJLi FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILEE. 151 t ROYAL PALACE saloon and oyster house f 44 HOTEL ♦♦ J0HN H ' P0&EY < Pr °D' p ' BEST Sl.OO PER DAY HOUSE IN THE CITV. 4~ 204 UPPER WATER STREET, T open aii Night. -^~— -EV/ANSV7ILLE, IND. « Fine Kentucky Whiskies, Wines, Etc. Jug Orders Promptly Filled. &. E. G. RAQON. D. S. RAGON. Ragon Brothers, WHOLESALE GROCERS WILLIAM HUGHES, LADIES' AND MEN'S PROPRIETORS OF M Diamond Roasted Coffee and Spice i»iiis RJRNI^ j 2= 14=11(6=18-20 First St, EVANSVILLE, IND. ^ ORNISH ING ^^GOODS Millinery and Notions, Wraps, Suits and Furs, Ladies' and Children's Shoes. 304 AND 306 MAIN STREET, EVANSVILLE, IND. GUST. SCHINDLER. OTTO DURRE, JR. OTTO DURRE&CO. * IMPORTERS OF AND DEALERS IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC WHISKIES AND WINES, | No. 109 MAIN ST. EVANSVILLE, IND. ^ 152 I UK GREI N RIVER ' "I M RV THE J. B. GREENE ELECTRICAL CO., ELECTRICIANS --^^ And dealers in all kinds of Electrical Supplies, embracing Steam and Gas Engines, Electric Dynamos and Motors. FINE CONSTRUCTIVE WORK A SPECIALTY. The following are a few ol the many Plants of this Company's Construction : ELKCTRI -: LIGHT PLANTS FOB THE ClTIES Of JaCKSON MlSS . CaRUI ILL EaRLINOTON ANI' V : i.B. K. \\ao Thk Cook Brrwin >n Avbnub Brbwino Co . and Thb Evansville Brewing Co Th I,obwenthal 4 Co . Harrison 4 Rudd all or the city or Evansvilli Kkii.ua:. at Henderson. Ky . and the Bauuoartner Block Factory at Rockport i steamers Royal Jkwkl. R6sb Hite. Tarascon. Dick Fowlbb Edgar Cherry W F Nisbkt. I N Hook, and many other plants throughout thi COUNTRY -- *-* -- MH J B GbBBNB. THB HEAD Or THE riHll. IS A PRACTICAL BLBCTRICIAH Or UANY YBABS BXPBRIBNCB IN THB BUSINESS. ALL WORK QUARANTEED AND PROMPTLY E\FCI II li I haix Cut the Price ESTIMATES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION. On all kinds and Sizes of Sash Doors. Blinds. Flooring Ceiling, and Weather Boarding. Von \\ill pa\ more | money for your material if you do not obtain my prices. The price of this door is from $1.90 to 52.10, according to sire. Writ* me for any information in the building line. THEODORE E. RECHT1IN, Dealer in all kinds Building Material. Cor. 7th and Ingle St*., EVANSVILLE. IND. UTAIUSHIO 1851 J. F. BRUNING <& SON. IMPOKTIRt AND MANUrACTURCRS O' te'fe^to 1 ^ Teas. Roasted Coffees, Spices, Baking Powder. Flavoring Ex- tracts, Bluing, Etc.. Etc. i i ?• f 1 i r V i i r r n ^ Isr,— 1 ** r BRUNING'S PATENT ROASTED COFFEE, The Finest Flavored Coffee in the World. " tli i< lln>- i ■ >n r mill, I • in th. Suteol In. Hum »od wc »n - >>Ik>> THE EVANSVILLE COFFEE & SPICE MILLS. No 100 Upper First Street and Not. 111. 113 and 115 Vine Street. EVANSVILLE, IND. FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 153 A. F. KAROES, Sec'y and Treas. FRED BOCKSTEOE, Pres. and Supt. THE KARGES FURNITURE COMPANY, MANUFACTURERS OF CHAMBER SUITS AND WARDROBES. EVANSVILLE. IND. M W. Breges. Prest H.J.Rusche. Sec&Taeas. \\ a J 206TO218 Walker Street. VarisvilleJndiana. i«(««««Ml«\«l«(«««lMI«VIMl(M>l«H«««»««W««MWM»WmM««lW«WlWTOWW«««imWW> 154 i in 1.1:1.1 N uiv f B > m n i i:v JAMES M DAVIDSON HENRI I in M M JAMBS I.. <»Kk. avidson. Blount i (jo.. MANUFACTURE MS Or Farm and Lo^ WAGONS. Cor. Filth and Locust Streets EVANSVILLE COFFIN CO. MANUf-ALTURtR^ OF Wood Burial Cases and Caskets, and Dealers in Undertakers Supplies. > EVANSVILLE. IND. ESTABLISHED 1866 Z LOUIS ICHENHAUSER & SONS. China, Glass and Uuccn>uare. ' M £ EVANSVILLE. IND. mm»o.m>»»<" ■ Jo Mo A. p'- AGENT AKIN-ERSKINE MILLING CO.'S ,a GOLDEN •- W ROD FLOUR I \ccllcnl la Uualil) Reasonable Id Price Cincinnati. Memphis and New Orleans Packet Co. liiansiillc and Howling (irccn Packet. Hiansiille and Wnodbur) Packet. Evansiillc and Cumh.rland Kiier Packet. D. M. Kern & Co.. Detroit, Seedsmen. ASHBY WHARFBOAT. ol EGCS. POULTRY. HIDES. ETC. ■ II WlmrflH.nl mnl nd lit EVANSVILLE. IND. Walz Seed f Buggy Co JOBBERS IN <£<£ Seeds ^'iUGGIES. Transfer Agents Peabody Buggy Co., Columbus Buggy Co., and Southern Trans- fer Agents for Champion Machines and Supplies. jl J* ..* J* J* EVANSVILLE, IND. The Largest Awning and Tent Factory in This Section of the Countr> . K\ ntir»\ ill*.-. I i i . I i . i i i . i FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILL.E. 155 Domestic and Foreign Delicacies. Rates 50c, 75c, $1.00. Also Ground Floor Sample Rooms. Cbe flcme Bote! Restaurant and Oyster House. CHAS. H. KIRBY. Propr. 201-209 2nd street. EVANSVILLE, IND. GEO. M. UHL, Stoneware. Sewer Pipe. Flower Pots. Red Farm Drain Tile. Lawn Vases. Fire Wall Coping. Fire Clay Chimney Pipe. Well Curbing, and all Fire Clay Products. EVANSVILLE, IND. Cor. Main and Illinois Streets. SINAPP 6t ISAACS, (Formerly The Hatton Gallery.) Portrait StwdlO, Cor. /Main and Fourth Sts. HDTIOTIP nunm? At moderate prices. The best materials and latest mouldings Satisfaction guaranteed. Our success with rlKllollu rHUIUu Rul.ies is the result of skill and patience. We have the most commodious gallery m Southern Indiana— six rooms Including Reception, Toilet and Dressing Rooms. Entrance on Main Street and on Fourth Street, RenclricH Building. Photographs iu this book taken by Snapp & Isaacs, see pages 133, 142, 148 and 155. 156 I IH OBI r\ RIVER OO0N I'KY W . H. SMALL & CO., WHOLESALE DtALIRi IN GRAIN, SEEDS, PEANUTS Q RAIN.— We bnjf an'l tidj ■ irry m full line of Julg • -miti Has,. »r »!-•• handle the bi v i Orchard <".r ijke. German and Common Seed kite, Hungarian 81 • I'EAM I- W< buj I from ibe van and band pick them at our Wai arc White Ron, Su|*rior. Hand Picked, Straight and Da W. H. SMALL & CO., General Commission Merchants. 7 AND 9 UPPER FIRST STREET, I iiMi lll.-l \>CI I'MlIM 356 EVANSVILLE, IND. the Goodwin Clothing Co., - r Vr~ 'i!/ *^/ MANUFACTURERS OF THE CELEBRATED EVAINSVILLE, IIND. FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. 157 ADDENDA. CONSOLIDATION OF THE GREEN RIVER PACKET LINES. SINCE the book of the Green River country went to press a consolidation of interest has been effected between the Evansville, Ohio & Green River Transportation Com- pany and the Green River Packet Company (representing the steamer J. C. Kerr) by which the Crescent City, the Gayoso and the Kerr, will run under one management. This is a most favorable movement for the Green River section as it will stop the ruinous cutting of transportation and passenger rates, which has so long stood in the way of permanent and reliable service on the rivers and has been so damaging to the in- terests of river merchants, as it gave opportunity to retail buyers to patronize the larger centers of trade. This arrangement will insure to the business public of the Green River country a daily packet (as soon as the details are completed) both ways, and consequently a more regular and uniform period of arrival at the different landings. Just and equita- ble rates will be maintained commensurate with the service performed, the motto of the new company being, "live and let live," which will be strictly adhered to. Sensible peo- ple will readily admit that former conditions have not been satisfactory on account of un- certainty of service and non-uniformity of transportation charges resulting from the dif- ferent boats contending for the business. It was a foregone conclusion that no boat could live under such conditions. This uncertainty, was a source of anxiety to the shipper and a positive drawback to the shipping interests. Past experience has demonstrated that the rivalry between opposing lines has resulted in the loss of money on the part of those oper- ating them. This is an evil that should not exist, and no fair minded business man desires to see it continue. Fair and just rates to carrier and shipper, and prompt and reliable ser- vice are more to be desired than the uncertainty and irresponsibility which are the certain fruits of a losing business. The bug-bear of monopoly may be at once discard- ed from the public mind. This spectre has stalked throughout the Green River section for a number of years and is the legitimate offspring of the policy of the State of Kentucky in leasing the rivers to a corporation. The state saw its mistake after it was too late, and the people bore for nearly twenty years the exactions of a corporation whose control of the rivers was absolute. Having escaped this incubus upon the trade and development of the country, the people along the river are not to be blamed if they are sensitive on the sub- ject of monopoly. But no such conditions now exist as can reinstate this state of affairs. There is always the menace of organized opposition to unfair treatment and unreasonable exactions. With the rivers free, no line of transportation dare invite hostility and oppo- sition by a rate oppression. Besides this, the high character of the men who constitute the new organization is a sufficient guarantee that a fair and legitimate business is the only end in view. That the business of the river will not support two rival lines, has been abundantly proven. The result has always been heart-burning, failure and financial wreck, to the boats and their owners, and no lasting good to the people. It is therefore hoped that the new arrangement will place the traffic of the river upon a firm and perma- nent footing, that by its character for liberality, promptitude and responsibility will aid in the development of the Green River country, and in the further enlargement of its com- merce. The new company is known as ''The Evansville and Bowling Green Packet Com- pany." President and Treasurer, Lee Howell; Secretary, H. P. Cornick; Attorney, J. W. Wartman; Directors, B. F. Givens, R. T. Williams and Lee Howell. I III GREEN RIVEH COUNTRY MR. V. J. BLOW, Of the ti mi of Hiram, Blow <& Co., whose exten- sive work- .it Central City, Muhlenberg county, are illustrated on another page, (se< pag 7- ma lii- home at Louisville, but i- sufficiently identi- fied with the Green Raver country, on account ol lii> business interests, t" merit :i Dotice in 1 1 ■ i -~ work. Mr. Blow has charge of the sales and financial departments of the group "f industries op rated by this firm throughout the country. The management of the vast business "t t 1 1 i — con- cern, embracing as it does, the manufactui staves and bard-wood lumber al -■ veral | >< > i n t - in the South, requires the exercis< •■: great cutive acuities and energy. Mi. Blow has tl qualifications in ;i remarkable degree and it i- t" lii- business activity and judgment that the tlrm V J BLOW owes much of it- prosperity. The headquarters of tlnir rutin- system of works in s 1 • « - the Sniitli are at < !en- tral < Sty. CAPT. JOHN GILBERT. < ' \ i-i . .I"ii\ < li i 1:1 1:1 . president Evansville, Paducah and Cairo Pack- et Company, is one <>f Evansville's most valued and useful citizens. His intlii" hit and efforts can always be relied upon in matters pertaining t«> her commercial <>r social advai ■■■•-lit . His industry and business ac- tivity have been evinced by lii- < ■« > ti - nection with many important enter- prises that have contributed t" the city's growth and prosperity. His business sagacity has been vindicated by his success. Hi is greatly int. r- • sted in the progress :mi/ hi >!/ iii if \i> % Energy, Enterprise, Excellence. ^eeee** cms -mm** You Never Know the Real Value of Advertising until you try THE EVANSVILLE TRIBUNE It reaches both your custo- mers and your competitors. =5t*= Cfye €ixanspille Cribune. Each Evening of the Week and Sunday Morning. -^^■- DEMOCRATIC ALL THE TIME. A PAPER FOR THE HOME. THE ADVERTISERS MEDIUM. THE TRIBUNE PUBLISHING CO., THE EVANSVILLE TRIBUNE. ISIIAM TAYLOR, President. J. G. TIIACKEIi. Editor. J. G. TH ACKER, Vice-President. \V. W. IRELAND, Man'g. Editor. LEWIS TAYLOR, See'v and Treas. R. CARRY MAY, Advertising Mgr. LEWIS TAYLOR, Business Manager. >M>www>wwmwH>>'i»»wj PH. NONWEILER, PHIL. C. NONWEILER. Pres'tATreae. Bec'y. EVANSVILLE FURNITURE MANUFACTURBR3 Of Bedsteads, Wardrobes, Safes. Tables and Dak Chamber Suites, AND J0BBHR3 IN Chairs and Mattresses. Salesroom and Factory: PENNSYLVANIA ST. Bet. 6th and 7th Avenues. Send for Catalogue. 160 THK GBEEN I:IVKI; COUNTRY The Old National Bank •+ +•+ + + +•♦ + + + + + .+ +..f + + +.+ + -;. + . + + + + - • -♦■• + + - + *■'+ + - + -i + + + - + -- I Mill) STATES DEPOSITORY. SAMUEL BAYARD. Pres'l. JOHN GILBERT. VicePresl. HENRY REIS. Cashier. Capital Paid in Surplus Fund. S500.000. 250.000. y- +• + + + + Evansville, Ind. E.C.JOHNSON, v DEALER IN Plate, Window and Ornamental Glass, Paints, Varnishes and Brushes, Painters' Supplies. 10. 12. 14 and 16 MAIN STREET. ^^EVANSVILLE. IND. Fine pninms. Snappy embossing, Color Olork All Kinds tnsrauing. EVANSVILLE, IND .-.. .:. X .L .. .'. A .!. ... .'. W • devote a portion "l our space to the cards showing :i few of tin- leading manu- facturing and business establishments of this city, «itli a view of vindicating the claim of Evansville, thai she is able to meet all the demands "I her tributary trade. An in- spection of these pages will disclose tin- fed thai the manufacturers ami merchants "i Evansville make no idle boas! when they assert their ability t" aupply all tin- wants "I the vast trade thai is com seeking her markets. FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVILLE. Ok mackepDisbet Companp 161 MAIN BUILDING OFTHE COMPANY. 101 to 105 Upper First Street, corner Vine ^ We Make Our Own PANTS, OVERALLS and SHIRTS. See them before buying. WHOLESALE ^DRY A GOODS and NOTIONS. ' i \ i n- PANTS FACTORY, 104-106 Upper First Street, OPP. MAIN BUILDING. e^sos^=«i L62 l II K QREEH kivki: 001 M l:v 3" m If you Olant Cight j on Ci »n\.\ I Sh les aiul i hmest v\ orth in Read\ in w ear CMIi ing, invo>liuale lhe merils of Xlhc Renowned ft Digb Hrt Clothing made and sold at retail b> Strousc ,\ EVANSVILLE, INDIANA, ere can be found also all the besl ow n makes of I (ats v ip> :\\u\ 'Men - I ine I 'urnishing's a I popu lar prices, Visitors a Ivs a a s e\ tended a cordial ^el Lnm, WKk FROM BOWLING GREEN TO EVANSVIT,I,E. DoyouKnou) THAT IN EVANSVILLE, INDIANA, There is located the LARGEST AND FINEST ONE- <«Mp FLOOR PRINTING OFFICE IN j^ THE UNITED STATES? » » » » WThdtt*^ there is donc pRINTING oi aI1 kinds from the Finest HaIf - ^^♦"^1 '» tone work to the Cheapest Card or Dodger. ZTTf^it^fit Blank Books are made to Order, and Binding of Books and ^^♦l/w I w Magazines done in the latest style of the art. TfW\AHA F ' ne Editions of Newspapers and Pamphlets are turned out MM 1 1^ A*f a you can get Engraving, Half-tone and Zinc Etching, Steel ^^* ' *'■' ■ '■' Plate work and Embossing done to your entire satisfaction, and ALL AT PRICES WHICH ATTRACT The Merchant, Manufacturer or Professional man anxious to keep up the appearance of his stationery, and yet to Saw ]Mone>> in 1898, CALL ON TELEPHONE No. 52 OR WRITE TO . . . The Keller Printing & Publishing Co. 216-218-220 Locust St. J- EVANSVILLE, IND. Grisp! Bright! Newsy! THE EVANSVILLE COURIER. >+-*— #-j^.— *#—- The Great Free Silver Daily of Indiana. The Organ of the Democratic Party of the State. The Best Paper in the State. THE WEEKLY COURIER, A Sixteen Page Paper Devoted to the Interests of the People of Southern Indiana and Western Kentucky. SUBSCRIPTION $1.00 PER YEAR IN ADVANCE. COR'6E^OND SINGLE ^TREi SS 2 A w k; Ulbite p £autidrp EV/N5VILLE: —I MO CHAS. J. QCHEL & BRO. Proprietors. Cor. Second and .* Insk Sirccis. Largest and Most Compete Laundry in the city tU e o LD re ^abi b Louisville & Nashville .RAILROAD- THE Passenger Equipment comprises Luxurious Day Coaches and Pullman Buffet Sleepers. THE Freight Equipment is of Modern Pattern, especially adapted for the Safe Handling of Merchandise. PASSENGER AND FREIGHT TRAINS ARE RUN ON FAST SCHEDULES BETWEEN ALL POINTS NORTH, SOUTH, EAST AND WEST Y. van den BERG, Traffic Manager. C. B. COMPTON, Gen'l Freight Agt. C. P. ATMORE, Gen'l Pass. Agt LOUISVILLE, KY. SHORT LINE FROM EVANSVILLE TO MEMPHIS, JACKSON, VICKSBURG, NATCHEZ, NEW ORLEANS. DIRECT LINE TO ARKANSAS, TEXAS, MEXICO, AND CALIFORNIA. F. R. WHEELER, City Passenger Agent, 200 MAIN ST.. EVANSVILLE. A. H. HANSON, Gen'l Pass. Agt. W. A KELLOND, Ass't Gen'l Pass. Agt. CHICAGO LOUISVILLE. tt tf> OLD ®£U ABLi3 Louisville & Nashville .RAILROAD- THE Passenger Equipment comprises Luxurious Day Coaches and Pullman Buffet Sleepers. '■■■ y THE Freight Equipment is of Modern Pattern, especially adapted for the Safe Handling of Merchandise. PASSENGER AND FREIGHT TRAINS ARE RUN ON FAST SCHEDULES BETWEEN ALL POINTS NORTH, SOUTH, EAST AND WEST Y. van den BERG, Traffic Manager. C. B. COMPTON, Gen'I Freight Agt. C P. ATMORE, Gen'I Pass. Agt. LOUISVILLE, KY. t^c^ar^ir^n^c: SHORT LINE FROM EVANSVILLE TO MEMPHIS, JACKSON, VICKSBURG, NATCHEZ, NEW ORLEANS. CENTRAL MISSISSIPPI VALLEY ROUTE DIRECT LINE TO ARKANSAS, TEXAS, MEXICO, AND CALIFORNIA. F. R. WHEELER, City Passenger Agent, 200 MAIN ST.. EVANSVILLE. A. H. HANSON, Gen'l Pass. Agt. W. A. KELLOND, Ass't Gen'I Pass. Agt. CHICAGO LOUISVILLE. <-:- . - V mm mrm g| JAMES L. ORR. i BENJ. H. GRIFFITH. EDW. H. MANN. ©3: Orr, Griffith & Co., | Iron, Steel, Wagon and Carriage Woodwork m i HORSE SHOES, HORSE NAILS, BLACKSMITH TOOLS, ETC. lO, 12> 14, euryd I6> Sycamore- Street, EVANSVILLE, IND. J I 'HIS popular Chill Cure is the favorite prescription of an old and reputable physician. A TRUE TONIC and a sure preventative of Typhoid and and all other dangerous types of malarial diseases. TT IS Exceedingly pleasant to take and absolutely safe. Gen- tle and persuasive, but powerful in its effect. W7ARRANTED HARM- LESS EVEN IN THE ^ HANDS OF CHILDREN. ^h£^h£^K&^J3&.j)h£ W.M.AK1MC0. EVANSVILLE. IND. If pour €pcs are not in Perfect Condition ^ -CONSULT \ DR. L. S. GUMBERTS, Eye Specialist. 304 Second Street EVANSVILLE, IND EXAMINATION AND CONSULTATION FREE. { I SEP -] rf