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R£AK OMOOtE COPNEtL MT. _ OLIVE BB,^^^<,^tc'< BROOHCAOS BRIOGE^^^^Ip^^^ * W^^_ '»//V MAP TO CATSKILL REGION ^f |Gksco« '■'''irior m p THE Cask (3uttit TO rHE CATSKILL MOUNTAINS BY RICHARD S. BARRETT Published as No. 2, Volume XX, Serial No. 102 FEBRUARY, 1905 S^ntroliuction THE lack of a convenient and in- expensive guide to the Catskills has impelled the Eagle to offer to the public this little book. The object of the work is to give the prospective visitor as well as the per- manent resident a better idea of the numerous points of interest and the varied features of America's most famous summer resort. R. S. B. Gift Publisher 7 Ja'Oa Before You Go to the Catskills If you arc looking for a place to board If yow arc looking for a cottage to rent If yoti are looking for a cottage site )^in the Catskills If you are looking for a country farm If you are looking for fire insurance Write, telephone or consult BodLrding House, R^eal Estate a.nd INSURANCE AGENCY j^l/ 24 Ulster Avenue, Saugerties, N.Y. Hudson River and Catskill Mountain Real Estate a Specialty Enclose Stamp for reply regarding Boarding Places CAT5KILL MOUNTAINS KISKATOM RETREAT HOUSE Enlarged and Refurnished. Lighted by Gas 33d Season $7 to $10 Per Week Easy of Access. Free Boating and Fishing. High Elevation. Grand Mountain Scenery. Location Unsurpassed, Table and Beds First-Class. Plenty of Shade and Amusements APPLY FOR BOOKLET LONG DISTANCE TELEPHONE W. p. FISHER, Kiskatom, Greene Co., N. Y. I Jsr-DBAT Page. Access 28 Acra 48 Allaben 67 Amusements 22 Arkville 74 Athena 41 Bearsville 62 Big Hollow 51 Big Indian 68 Boiceville 64 Broadhead's Bridge. 63 Brown's Station 63 Cairo 45 C'atskill 37 Cold Brook 65 Coxsackie 41 Daisy 37 Delaware County.... 72 Durham 48 East Durham 49 Bast Freehold 50 Elevations 80 Ebccursion Rates 80 Fawns 37 Furlough Lodge 75 Fleischmann's 72 Gayhead 48 Geology 9 Gilboa 76 Glasco 35 Glenerie 37 Grand Gorge 76 Grand Hotel 70 Greene County 41 Griffin's Corners 74 Haines Falls 52 Hardenburg 70 Hensonville 51 History 13 Hobart 79 Hunter 58 Introduction 7 Jewett 59 Kingston 32 Page. Kiskatom 42 Lake Hill 63 Lakes 12 Leeds 43 Lexington 59 Location 7 Maiden 35 Margaretville 75 Mount Pleasant 65 Otis Summit 51 Palenville 43 Parks 25 Phoenicia 65 Pine Hill M Platte aove 55 Prattsvllle 59 Purling 47 Quarryville 37 Roads 31 River Towns 32 Roxbury 76 Saugerties 34 Scenery 15 Shady 62 Shandaken 67 Shokan 64 South Cairo 48 South Durham 49 Southern Catskills... 61 Stage Routes 79 Stamford 77 Stony Clove 58 Streams 10 Tannersville 55 Ulster County 61 Union Society 51 Western Catskills... 72 West Hurley 61 West Saugerties .... 36 Windham 50 Woodland 66 Woodstock 62 1 THE HIGHLANDS OF THE HUDSON AS SEEN FROM THE WEST SHORE R. R. SAUGERTIES, N. Y. The Brightest Gem of the Hudson Valley rTfOft uivYoifK ty sTtfiMBo/rr^ Pleasantly located on the Hudson, with an unsurpassed view of the Catskills The only Macadamized Automobile Route to the Catskills Boating, fishing and bathing The village has perfect sewerage, is lighted by electricity, has pure mountain water and is free from Malaria Mails delivered by carrier Seven churches of different denominations Best of rail and water communications Good hotel and numerous boarding houses All inquiries regarding Boarding Houses, enclose stamp for reply. ALBERT KOWE. President, SAUGERTIES, N. Y. Correspondence urged with manufacturers who desire to change locations? ample help INTRODUCTION The Catskills occupy that portion of the LOCATION great Appalachian Highland embraced in Greene, Ulster and Delaware Counties, with spurs extending into Albany and Schoharie Counties. Roughly estimated, they cover an area of nearly 2,500 square miles, and present a more diversified appearance than any re- gion in existence. The Eastern or Main range commences at a distance of ninety miles from New York and extends north for about twenty miles. This range is situated at an average dis- tance of ten miles west cf the river and rises abruptly from its base to an elevation of over 3,000 feet. It is broken from its summit to its base in two places by openings named by the original Dutch settlers "Cloves," which are the outlets of the small streams. In Greene County this range sends off a spur northwest that separates Cairo and Durham from Windham and Hunter and ex- tends into Albany and Schoharie Countiera. A small spur commences at Catskill and extends northward, being known as the Potick Hills. About 15 miles west of the river in Ulster County the southern range commences, and extends northwest. This range consists of The Wittenberg Chain, Dry Brook Range and the Moresville Range. The Wittenberg Chain contains the highest point in the Cats- kills, Slide Mountain, 4,205 feet above tide. The Moresville range extends into Dela- ware and Schoharie Counties and is the ex- treme western spur of the Catskills, its high- est; point being Mount Utsayantha, at Stam- ford. Between these ranges lie a series of ranges, the principal ones being The Patter- son Ridge, Elm Ridge, The Lexington Chain, East Jewett Range, the West Kill Chain, Birch Ridge and Red Kill Ridge. The summit of these ranges are broad, wild and rocky, with precipitous declivities. Eagle Guide to the Catskills There are innumerable high throughout the region, two of which, The Slide and Hunter Mountain exceed 4,000 feet in height, while more than fifty peaks ex- ceed 3,000 feet in elevation. By far the greatest number of peaks are found in the Northern Catskills, and good trails lead from the settlements to the sum- mits. A pretty Indian legend, written by Irving, makes the locality the great treasury of storm and sunshine for the territory along the Hudson. An old squaw' spirit had charge of it, who dwelt on the highest peak of the mountain. Here she kept them, day and night, shut up in her wigwam, letting out one at a time. She made new moons every month and hung them up in the sky, cutting up the old ones into stars. The great Mani- tou, or master spirit, employed her to manu- facture clouds. Sometimes she wove them out of gossamer cobwebs and morning dew, and eent them off, flake after flake, to float in the air and give light summer showers. Sometimes she would blow up black thunder- storms and send down drenching raine to A VILLAGE STREET Eagle Guide to the Catskills swell the streams and sweep everything away. Scattered throughout the valleys lying be- tween the ranges of mountains are numerous fine farms that are very productive. Although there are over 90 small hamlets embraced in the Catskills, there is a vaet portion that is a thickly wooded wilderness that is the home of a number of wild ani- mals, the largest of which is the bear. Brer Fox also finds ple/ity of hiding places here, from which he makes frequent raids on the neighboring henroosts. An occasional wildcat strays into the more remote settlements at times to meet death. Plenty of smaller game abound and the Nimrod can have his choice of hunting (in season) rabbits, partridge, squirrels, coons, and in some localities wild ducks. The deer are plentiful around Slide Moun- tain (The State deer park), but are protected by law. The geological formation of the Catskills GEOLOGY has long puzzled scientists and they have never been able to agree as to whether these beautiful mountains have been the re- S'Ult of some giant volcanic upheaval during a prehistoric age or whether the vast gla- ciers that once covered New York state are responsible for their existence. There are many evidences of glacial erosion. The north side of the mountains are gen- erally bare and rocky, while the south sides are covered with va&t deposits of drift, which would indicate either glacial erosion or that the region was at one time swept by a vast current of water from the north. In- stead of the usual mountain formation the rock is composed of piled up strata in the horizontal position. Nearly all of the strata composing the New York system are found in the eastern range. The gray grits- and conglomerates forming the floors of the coal measures are found a hundred feet below the surface on the mountains. Near the Hudson are vast for- mations of cement rock which is now being 10 Eagle Guide to the Catskills manufactured. Lime rock abounds in many localities, while the shale formation predom- inates in other regions. The mountains in UlS'ter County and in some portions of Greene County have rich deposits of blue stone. A few mineral springs are found, iron and sulphur predominating. STREAMS '^^s streams of the Catskills present some striking peculiarities that intere&t the stu- dent of nature. The Esopus, the principal stream of the southern Catskills, after tearing its way through rocks and mountains for a distance of forty miles on its mad race to the Hud- son, reaches' a point a short two miles from the river at Kingston, and then, as though looking for a frolic, turns and wends its way northward, throwing its waters over the beautiful Glenerie Falls and rushing through rocky banks finally reaching the Hudson near Saugerties, The Schoharie creek drains the central portion of the Catskills-. Rising in the west- ern part of the town of Hunter, its waters, after a devious course, find their way to the Mohawk, and from there to the Hudson, passing a point, after a race of 170 miles in their way toward the ocean, ten miles east of their starting place. A few rods distant from the headwaters of Schoharie and cau&ed by an elevation so slight as to be hardly noticeable, the Platter- kill creek, a branch of the Bsopus, rises, and, flowing eastward through the Platter- kill Clove, has worn through solid rock, forming a canyon which is one of the most wonderful formations in the entire Catskills. Four miles north of the Platterkill the Kaaters'kill creek has torn its way through the beautiful Kaaterskill Clove after its mad tumble over the noted Kaaterskill Falls, and having been joined by the stream from Haines Falls joins Catskill Creek near Cats- kill. Catskill Creek, rising in the southwestern part of Albany County, drains the northern and northeastern part of the region after receiving the waters of Shingle Kill and Eagle Guide to the Catskills Vandibock creeks near Cairo and the Kaat- ers'kill creek near Catskill flows into the Hudson. The Delaware River drains the western part of the Catskills, a branch rising at Stamford, and within a short distance of 11 AT THE FOOT OF THE OVERLOOK MX. 12 Eagle Guide to the Cat skills here one reaches the headwaters of a branch of the S"usquehanna. The streams are mostly shallow, with rocky bottoms', fed from cool mountain springs, and abound in trout. They are stocked an- nually and as a result no place in the state offers more sport to the anglers than the ToniTT Catskilla I K.ULJ 1 rpjje principal trout streams are the Beaver- STREAMS, kill. Biscuit Brook, Platterkill, the Delaware River, Schoharie Creek, Kaaterskill Creek, the Mink Hollow Brook, Esopus Creek.Stony Clove Creek, the Bushkill, Dry Brook, the Nevers'ink Creek, Emory Brook, Watson Hollow Brook, the Shingle Kill, Potuck Creek, Batavia Kill and East Kill. The re- gion around Big Indian is undoubtedly the best known and most prolific fishing ground in the mountains, but the other regions mentioned will afford the angler plenty of sport with good catches. LAKES The Catskills have no large bodies of water. There are, however, a large number ol small but beautiful lakes found in the region, that for picturesque beauty stand unrivalled. The Kaaterskill Lakes are the largest of these lakes and cover an area of over fifty acres. A fleet of boats on this lake filled with pleasure seekers adds interest to the view. Greenes Lake, between Athens and Leeds, and Black Lake, in the same locality, are two pretty sheets of water much frequented bv summer visitors. Echo Lake on the Overlook Mountain is a beautiful little lake that is practically un- known to the summer tourist. Coopers Lake at Lake Hill is noted for its beauty. In the vicinity of Stamford there are a number of beautiful lakes, Utsayantha Lake and the Churchill Lakes being the most famous. Lake Odell. a few miles from Stamford, is a delightful little sheet of water. The town of Hardenburg boasts of the greatest number of small lakes, there being nearly a dozen in this locality. Eagle Guide to the Cat skills 13 Furlough Lake, one of the finest, is the property of George J. Gould. In addition to these lakes there are num- erous ponds scattered throughout the en- tire Catskill region. It has been claimed that the Catskill re- HISTORY gion was visited by Spanish explorers pre- vious to 1609. The truth of this statement has never been proven, hence much of the early history of the region is shrouded in mystery. The first authentic record of this locality dates from the visit of Hendrick Hudson, in ■ September, 1609. when Hudson and the crew AUSTIN'S GLEN, CATSKILL. CREEK 14 Eagle Guide to the Catskills DIS= COVERY INDIAN WARS of the Half Moon dropped anchor off the site of the present city of Hudson and paid a friendly visit to the Indians at the base of the mountains. Through the dis- covery of this region the Dutch took pos- session and in 1614 established a small fort near the mouth of Rondout Kill (the present site of Rondout). Here an extensive trade in peltries was established with the Indians. Probably the first description of this lo- cality was embraced in a letter written by Dominie Megapolensis, of the Dutch Re- formed Church, who, after a visit in 1656, wrote: "Up the North River, half way be- tween the Manhattans and Beverwyck, lies a place called by the Indians, 'Atharhac- ton.' It is an exceedingly fine country." In 1643 Adrien Van der Donck, sheriff of the patroon of Rensselarwyck, made a fruitless effort to secure the Indian title to this vast region. In 1659 the territory bordering along the Hudson suffered the horrors of an Indian war. The settlements continued to thrive and encroach on the hunting grounds of the savages, who, again in 1665, made war on the settlers on both sides of the river. The English in 1664 took possession of a portion of the region, and fourteen years later, on the 8th of July, 1678, Mahak-Nem- inaw, the Indian chief, and a few members of his tribe, met at Albany and passed the title to this magnificent region to a com- pany composed of English and Dutch. The Great Hardenburg Patent, granted by Queen Anne, transferred the greater part of the Catskills to Johannes Hardenburg and associates of Kingston, and this section be- came known as Ulster. The section back of the Hudson (in the mountains) was not set- tled until a few years before the revolution. During the Revolution the settlers suf- fered severely from Tory and Indian depre- dations, the Tories in Catskill, Hunter and Cairo acting as guides to the Indians on their plundering expeditions. After the war set- tlers from Connecticut moved to the neigh- borhood in large numbers and established tanneries in several localities. I Eagle Guide to the Catskills 15 The history of the Catskills as a summer RESORT resort may be said to have be^un in 1822, hI^TOPV when Mr. Erastus Beach conveyed a party niaiUKi of tourists who were returning from Sara- toga to Pine Orchard, that they might v/it- ness the wonderful view from that spot, and the next year a stock company, called the Catskill Mountain Association was formed. Purchasing 300 acres of land, a carriage road was built five miles down the mountain, in- tersecting the Catskill road. In 1824 a ten- room hotel was erected, and the following year fifty rooms were added. This hotel has entertained many of America's best known men and women, and a treasured register contains the signatures of poets, artists, po- litical leaders, diplomats, literary lights and divines, as well as many noted foreigners. The erection of the hotel marks a change in the Catskills, a change from a region of tan- L«eries to a region noted for its popularitj' as a summer resort, a region noted for its freedom from malarial affections, and for its delightful atmosphere, dsstined to become America's most popular summer resort. From 1825 the Catskills continued to grow in popularity and the number of visitors in- creased annually. The lumbering stage-coach which had con- veyed visitors from Kingston was found to have outlived its period of usefulness, and a railroad was projected. Many engineering obstacles were met with, but human inge- nuity conquered nature, and in 1874 the Ulster and Delaware Railroad was completed to Stamford, with a branch from Pheonicia to Kaaterskill. This marked a new epoch in the development of the region and the growth of summer patronage has been so marvelous that to-day the statistics furnished by the various transportation companies covering the region shows that nearly a half a million people come to the Catskills annually for health, rest and recreation, accompanied by the freedom that is to be found there. It is beyond the pen of the writer or the SCENERY brush of the artist to accurately portray the beauties of the Catskills. A region does not exist where the scenery is more varied or 16 VIEWS Eagle Guide to the Catskills more awe inspiring. Every change in atmos- pheric conditions and every passing cloud create a change in the appearance of the mountains. BYom the summit of the eastern range at the Catskill Mountain House ranges the tourist obtains one of the most remarka- ble views on the American continent, a view embracing an area of 10,000 square miles and extending to the White Mountains in New Hampshire, the Berkshire^ in Massachu- setts, the Green Mountains of Vermont and embracing the Hudson for miles. The river villages lie at your feet and the river it- self resembles a silvery ribbon. This magnificent view is undobtedly the beet knowa of the Catskill Mountain views and has been described by Cooper in his pio- neer tales as follows: "I have traveled the woods for fifty-three years," said Leather Stocking, "and have made my home in them for more than forty. LOOKING SOUTH FROM ONTEORA PARK, ONTEORA Eagle Guide to the Cats kills 17 and I can say that I have met hut one place that was more to my liking, and that was only to eyesight and not for hunting and PENNIMORE fishing." rnftPPD'C "And where was that?" asked Edwards. r^ccr-niV* "Where? Why, up on the Catskills. I Ufc5>CKIP= used to go up into the mountains after TION wolves' skins and bears; once they brought me to get them a stuffed painter, and so I often went. "There's a place in them hills that I used to climb when I wanted to see the carryings on of the world, that would well pay any man for a barked shin or a torn moccasin. "You know the Catskills, lad, for you must have seen them on your left as you followed the river up from York, looking as blue as a piece of clear sky and holding the clouds on their tops as the smoke curls over the head of an Indian chief at council fire. "Well, there's High Peak and Round Top, which lay back like a father and mother among their children, seeing they are far above the other hills. But the place I mean is next to the river, where one of the ridges juts out a little from the rest and where the rocks fall for the best part of a thousand feet, so much up and down that a man stand- ing on their edges is fool enough to think he can jump from top to bottom." "What do you see when you get there?" asked Edwards. "Creation!" said Natty, dropping the end of his rod into the water and sweeping one hand around him in a circle, "all creation, lad. I was on that hill when Vaughn burnt Sopus in the last war. And I seen the ves- sels come out of the Highlands as plainly PS I can see that lime scow rowing into the Susquehanna, though one was twenty miles farther from me than the other. The river was in sight for seventy miles under my feet looking like a curled shaving, though it was eight long miles to its banks. I saw the hills in the Hampshire grants, the Highlands of the river and all that God had done or man could do. as far as the eye could reach — you know the Indians named me for my sight, lad — and from the top of that moun- 18 Eagle Guide to the Catskills tain I have often found the place where Al- bany stands; and as for Sopus, the day the royal troops burned the town the smoke seemed so nigh that I thought I could hear the screeches of the women." "It must have been worth the toil to meet with such a glorious view." "If being the best part of a mile in the air, and having men's farm and houses at your feet, with rivers looking like ribands and mountains bigger than the 'vision' seem- ing to be hay stacks of green grass under you, gives any satisfaction to a man, I can recommend the spot. "When I first came to the woods to live I used to have weak spells and I felt lone- some: and then I would go to the Catskills and spend a few days on that hill to look at the ways of man; but it's now many a year since I felt any such longing and I'm getting too old for these rugged rocks. But there's a place, a short two miles back of that very hill, that in late times I relished better than the mountains, for it was more kivered by the trees and more nateral," CATSKILL CREEK. NEAR CAIRO Eagle Guide to the Cat skills 19 "And where was that?" inquired Edwards, whose curiosity was strongly excited hy the simple description of the hunter. "Why, there's a fall in the hills where the water of two little ponds that lie near each other breaks out of their bonds and runs over the rocks into the valley. "The stream is, maybe, such a one as would turn a mill, if so useless a thing was wanted in the wilderness. But the hand that made that 'Leap' never made a mill. There the water comes crooking and winding WATER- among the rocks, first so slow that trout p ai i c could swim in it, and then starting and run- ■^ ning just like any creetur that wanted to make a fair spring, till it gets to where the mountain divides like the cleft hoof of a deer, leaving a deep hollow for the brook to tumble into. The first pitch is nigh two hundred feet and the water looks like flakes of driven snow afore it touches the bottom; and there the stream gathers itself together again for a new start and maybe flutters over fifty feet of flat rock before it falls for another hundred, when it jumps about from shelf to shelf, first turning this way and then turning that a way, striving to get out of the hollow till it finally comes to the plain." "I have never heard of this spot before," exclaimed Edwards; "it is not mentioned in the books." "I never read a book in my life," said Leather Stocking, "and how should a man who has lived in towns and schools know anything about the wonder of the woods? No, no, lad; there has that little stream of water been playing among them hills since he made the world and not a dozen white men have ever laid eyes on it. The rock sweeps like mason work in a half-round, on both sides of the fall and shelves, over the bottom for fifty feet; so that when I've been setting at the foot of the first pitch, and my hounds have run into the caverns behind the sheet of water, they've looked no bigger than so many rabbits. To my judgment, lad. 20 Eagle Guide to the Catskills it's the best piece of work I've met with in the woods and none know how often the hand of God is seen in a wilderness but them that roVe it for a man's life." "What becomes of the water? In what direction does it run? Is it a tributary of the Delaware?" "Anon," said Natty. "Does the water run into the Delaware?" "No, no; it's a drop for the old Hudson; and a merry time it has till it gets down off the mountain. I've sat on the shelving rock many a long hour, boy, and watched the bubbler as they shot by me and thought how long it would be before that very water which seemed made for the wilderness would be under the bottom of a vessel and tossing in the salt sea. It is a spot to make a man solemnize. You can see right down into the valley that lies to the east of the High Peak, where in the fall of the year thou- sands of acres of woods are before your eyes in the deep hollow and along the side of the mountain, painted like ten thousand rain- bows by no hand of man, though not without the ordering of God's providence." Picturesque waterfalls abound and are found in every nook and corner. Many of these falls are noted and there are few people who have not heard of the Kaaterskill Falls. Haines Falls, Santa Cruz Falls, The Shinglekill Falls, The Devesego Falls, Red Falls, The Platterkill Falls and Fawn's Leap. They are visited each year by thousands. MOUNTAIN The most awe inspiring scenery is found CLOVES ^^ ^^® openings in the mountains from their summit to their base, called "cloves." These "cloves" are the outlet of the rapid streams in the region, and the water has worn fan- tastic shapes and deep gorges through the solid rock throughout their entire length. The most otpd cloves are the Kaaterskill, the Platterkill and Stony Clove. The Kaat- erskill opening is between Palenville and Haines Falls, the Platterkill Clove is be- tween West Saugerties and Platte Clove, Eagle Guide to the Catskills 21 the Stony Clove is between Chichesters and Kaaterskill Junction. On the summits of Utsayantha Mountain OBSERVA= at Stamford, High Peak near Haines Falls, xOPIF<; Slide Mountain, near Slide Mountain P. O., '^•^»^^ Mount Pisgah, near Windham are observa- tories from which some wonderful views may be obtained. Here and there in countless numbers are picturesque little nooks with THE FRESH AIR CHILDREN magnificent surroundings that are a source of delight to the artist and of inspiration to the poet. Vast trees towering high in the air, shading the beautiful ferns growing at their base, create erratic ideal environment for a hammock and book, or a noonday si- esta. The lichens are found here in pro- fusion in numerous forms, varying from flow- er-shaped to the most fantastic forms. Eiven the rocks seem endowed with life 23 Eagle Guide to the Catskills and assume fantastic forms, some of which closely resemble human figures as well as CURIOUS animals. The two most striking instances "^ of these resemblances are found in Profile FORMA- Rock in the Kaaterskill Clove, where a hu- TIONS va&n face is outlined and in Alligator rock, * near the Catskill Mountain House, where a huge rock resembles an alligator's head. The mountains themselves assume strange forms when seen from a distance. Just be- low Catskill may be seen the "Old Man in the Mountains," so called from the resem- blance to a human form in a reclining posi- tion. The forehead, nose, mouth, chin and body are plainly defined. At Hunter a high mountain resembles a gigantic chair and is named the Colonel's Chair. The wild flowers which grow in profusion add to the attractiveness of the region. With the coming of spring the dainty arbutus, with its wax-like blossoms and beautiful odor, makes its appearance. The Laurel is at its best in June, and its blossoms cover large portions of the region The buttercup and pansy, as well as the Golden-rod, are found in profusion. The wild orchi^ is found in many localities, and the violet adds its mite to the beauty of the Flora. The rocks are covered with mosses of different hues, and these mossy spots are the attraction for num- bers of those who wish to while away time with an interesting book. AMUSE= MENTS As the majority of those going to a moun- tain resort go there to enjoy outdoor life, it follows that the amusements must be "open air" sports; hence, the Catskills have their share of outdoor amusements. Of these, baseball is the most popular, and not only does every town have its baseball club, but a majority of the hotels organize teams to play teams from the sTirrounding hotels. These games furnish considerable merriment at times on account of the grotesque appear- ance of some of the players, as well as by the errors made by them. Horseback riding is indulged in to a large extent and coaching parties form another form of amusement. Eagle Guide to the Catskills 23 Nearly every place has a bowling alley, and bowling is as popular with the ladies as with the men, so that the game is well pat- ronized. Tennis is popular and a majority of the hotels have well-kept tennis courts, which are the scene of many warmly contested matches. Rowing may be indulged in at a number of the resorts. A few of the localities furnish streams deep enough for bathing. Mountain climbing is the most general and MOUNTAIN most beneficial out-of-door exercise indulged ^. iMRlMr" in and its devotees find so many points of wLIMtJiIMj interest that there is practically no limit to the number of trips to be had. This is a sport which brings every muscle into play and sends the blood coursing through the arteries at a faster rate, creating a raven- ous appetite and routing dyspepsia and in- somnia. The trips may be varied from an hour's ramble to a week's jaunt to suit the individual taste and strength. Care should be taken, however, not to overdo this at the start in, the lengthening of the trips should be gradual. Two of the most interesting pedestrian tours are making the descent of the Kaaterskill Clove, following the creek and returning by the road to Haines Falls, and walking down the Plaaterkill Clove, re- turning by road to Platte Clove. Golf has many devotees and, recognizing QOLF this, there have been a number of golf clubs formed and a number of first-class courses laid out for the lovers of this pastime. Chief of these Qourses is the Catskill Moun- tain Golf Club course at Haines Falls; here a large club has been organized and one of the best courses in the mountains laid out; ^ this brings a large contingent of golfers to that place. The Kaaterskill course at the Hotel Kaaterskill and the Catskill Mountain House course are for the use of the guests at these houses. The Grant House at Cats- kill has an excellent course and another fine course is found at the Grand Hotel at Grand Hotel Station. The Utsnyantha Golf Club at Stamford have on« of the finest links in 24 A CHILD'S PARADISF Eagle Guide to the Catskitls the region and among its hazards is a small lake, which has swallowed many a golfer's sphere, much to his chagrin and the laughter of his fellow-players. Several other courses are found in other parts of the Catskills. A majority of the hotels having fine or- chestras, offer every dancer an opportunity of tripping the light fantastic. Amateur theatricals under the supervision of some of the professionals who summer here are of frequent occurrence. This land is the children's paradise, where they may romp and play to their heart's content. The larger hotels have playgrounds devoted exclusively to the chil- dren, and in every region they will find cool brooks, with pebbly shores that are lined with shade trees. There are no "Keep off the grass" signs and no vigilant- eyed "coppers" to keep them from throwing pebbles or plucking the wild flowers that grow in profusion. THE CHAPEL. ONTEORA PARK Eagle Guide to the Cats kills 35 Within the past fifteen years a new im- THE pulse has been given to the Catskills by the pARKS formation of cottage communities, styled ^ parks, and they have been an important factor in the development of the localities in which they are situated and their growth has been wonderful. They present an ideal manner of summering for those who prefer to follow their own habits, instead of being obliged to conform to the regula- tions of a fashionable hotel. Life here is made enjoyable by a freedom from care en- joyed with the comforts of a comfortable home, A pleasant intercourse with one's neigh- bors seems to be one of the most charming points of this form of living, and euchre parties, teas and various entertainments tend to make the hours pass quickly. The cottagers take a lively interest in local affairs, and their efforts have aided in securing many improvements through- out the region that have added to the popu- larity of the Catskills. At the present there are ten of these set- tlements, of which those located in the Town of Hunter are the best known. The largest settlement is at Haines Falls, near the opening of the Kaaterskill Clove. Three adjoining parks, Santa Cruz, Twilight and Sunset, are located on the north side of Round Top Mountain. These three parks have a combined total of 100 cottages, five inns, two churches, a casino and a golf course, with a summer population of over a thousand people. Santa Cruz is one of the meet picturesque and commands a wonderful view of the close and river valley. It receives ifag name from Santa Cruz Park is one of the most pictur- esque and commands a wonderful view of the Clove and river valley. It receives its name from Santa Cruz (Holy Cross) Falls, which resemble a cross in their formation. It has a large number of cottages and a celebrated inn. Twilight Park is the largest of the parks, and has three inns, two churches and a 26 Eagle Guide to the Catskills TWILIGHT PARK, HAINES FALLS casino. Its name was derived from the Twi- light Aissociation, of New York. Sunset Park is located on a series of lodges adjoining Twilight on the west, com- manding a magnificent view of the River valley and the Hunter Valley, as well as of the Kaaterskill Falls. Its name was given because of the beautiful sunsets seen from there. It has a fine Inn. Onteora Park, so named from Onteora Mount (Parker Mount), is located on the south side of that mountain just north of Tannersville, This colony is the most ex- clusive of the Catskill Mountain parks and is often referred to as the "silk stocking" park. It has fine cottages, two club houses and the prettiest church in the Catskills. The view from here extends south, east and west. Elka Park is a mile and a half south of Tannersville on the east side of Spruce Top Mountain. Its name is derived from the ini- tial letters of the several German societies of which its residents are members. These cottages differ from the cottage in the other Eagle Guide to the Catskills 27 communities, as the German are fond of light and sunshine, hence the ground around each cottage is cleared. The cottages are miniature reproductions of German castles, qqjui^ Several stone towers have been built for observations and their beauty adds to the MUNITY attractions of the place. Two fine club SETTLE= houses, a miniature lake and a casino are «rjMTc among its points of interest. MENTS. Schoharie Manor, another popular park, adjoins Elka Park on the east. Schoharie Mansion, one of the most beautiful struc- tures in the Catskills, is located here, com- manding a magnificent view and attracting the attention of thousands. There is a large cottage colony, not desig- nated as a park, because the colony is com- posed of individual estates, located east of Schoharie Manor at the head of the Platter- kill Clove. The remainder of the parks are located in the Western Catskills. High Mount, just above Pine Hill, is on a moimtain of the same name. It is popular with artists and commands some beautiful views. Fleischmann Park is located on Fleisch- mann's Mountain, near Griffin's Corners, in Delaware County. It is the residence of the Fleischmann families and of some of their friends. It has the finest residences of any of the Catskill Mountain parks with numer- ous pretty walks and drives. The youngest of the Parks is Churchill Park at Stamford, but it is a lusty youngster and bids fair to become the most popular park in the Catskills. Two beautiful lakes, a number of cottages and a magnificent hotel are within its boundaries. Another colony that is famous is the Win- nisook Club. This colony is located near the foot of Slide Mountain on Winnisook Lake and has a commodious clubhouse. Near Margaretville there is an extensive artists' colony. At Saugerties another col- ony is located on Barclay Heights. Palen- ville and Catskill have also a number of cottages. Roxbury and South Kortright have a few cottagers. ACCESS By Water Eagle Guide to the Catskills By boat the traveler may reach points within ten miles of the base of the Cats- kills. The iron steamers, "New York" and "Al- bany," of the Hudson River Day Line, leave New York at the foot of Desbrosses street daily, except Sunday, at 8:40 A.M., giving the traveler a chance to enjoy a full view of the "Rhine of America" on both sides. Connections are made at Kingston Point for places on the Ulster and Delaware and the Stony Clove Railroads. At Catskill the boats connect with the Catskill Mountain and Cairo Railroad for points in Greene County. The Catskill Evening Line from New York has a fleet of four steamers, but the Onteora and the Kaaterskill are the most popular, and dinner is served soon after leaving New York. Breakfast is served before leaving the boat in the morning. These boats leave Christopher street daily, except Sundays. A Saturday boat leaves at 1:30 P.M. Close con- nection is made with the Catskill Mt. R. R. at Catskill for Leeds, Lawrenceville, Kaat- erskill, Haines Falls, Tannersville, Cairo and South Cairo. Stages meet the morning trains at Cairo for Durham, East Durham, Freehold, Windham, East Windham, Jewett, South DurhaLH, Acra and Gayhead. This line also runs to Hudson and Coxsackie. The steamers Ida and Ulster of the Sau- gerties and New York Steamboat Company leave the same pier as the Catstkill Line daily, except Sunday. A Saturday boat leaves at 1 P.M. Stage connections are made at Saugerties for Glasco, Veteran, Fawns, West Saugerties, Platte Clove, Elka Park. Sax- ton, Quarryville and Palenville. The Central Hudson steamers leave Franklin street daily at 5 P.M. in time to give the tourist a charming twilight view of the Hudson. These boats run to Rondout but do not make direct railroad connections. The steamer Mary Powell leaves Des- brosses street daily, except Saturday, at 3:30, connecting with the evening train on the U. & D. R. R. I Eagle Guide to the Cats kills The popularity of a region depends to a ACCESS great extent upon its railroad service. By Rail No summer resort in America has a finer railroad service than the Catskills. The business man may close up his "deals" for the day, board a fast train, and in three and a half hours be sitting with his family in the dining room of the large hotels. The West Shore is the only all-rail route to the Catskills. Solid vestibuled trains are run from Weehawken direct to nearly all of the large resorts in the Catskills. Two popular trains are the Rip Van Winkle Flyer and the Catskill Mt. Express. The Catskill Mountain Limited, making no stops between Weehawken and Phoenicia, will be the fastest train to the Catskill this season. This train will run after June 18. The West Shore connects, at Kingston, with the Ulster & Delaware R. R. for points in the Western Catskills, and for Tannersville, Haines Falls, Hunter and Kaaterskill. At Catskill connections are made for Cairo, Leeds, South Cairo, Palenville, Haines Falls, Otis Summit, Laurel House Station and Tannersville. 29 DEVESBGO FALLS. NEAR PRATTSVILLE RAIL= ROADS 30 Eagle Guide to the Catskills Excellent stage connections are made dally except Sunday, at Saugerties, for all points in that region, as well as for Platte Clove, West Saugerties, Elka Park. Saxton, Quarry- ville and Palenvllle. At Coxsackie, stages connect daily for Oak Hill, Greenville, Wil- ton, Grapeville and Result. The fast trains of the New York Central connect at Rhinebeck by ferry with the U. & D. R. R., and at Greendale with the Catskill Mt. R. R. Ferry connections are made at Tivoli for the region around Saugerties. MOUNTAIN Two railroads extend from the river to the mountains, the Ulster and Delaware, ex- tending from Kingston Point to Oneonta, with a branch from Phoenicia to Kaaterekill and Hunter. The Catskill Mt. & Cairo R. R. appropri- ately named "the short route" to the moun- tains, extends from Catskill to Palenville, with a branch to Cairo. At Otis Junction this road connects with the celebrated Otis Elevating Railroad, which makes the ascent of the mountain in eight minutes, giving passengers a wonderful panoramic view of the Hudson River, a view extending for a distance of 10,000 square miles over the Hudson River Valley. At the summit connection is made with the Cats- kill and Tannersville Railroad for Laurel House Station, Haines Falls and Tanners- ville. For a distance of about eight miles the Catskill and Tannersville and the Ulster and Delaware Railroad tracks run parallel through a beautiful region. The Cairo Railroad extends from Cats- kill to Cairo, and is the only route to the vast section embraced in the Cairo region. Stages meet trains here for Purling, Acra, Ashland, Durham, East Durham, East Wind- ham, Freehold, Hensonville, Oak Hill, Pres- ton Hollow, South Durham, Prattsville, Union Society and Windham. More stages meet the trains at Cairo than at any other place in New York State. Good roads are the rule rather than the exception throughout the mountains. ROADS Eagle Guide to the Cat skills 31 The grade from the river to the base of the mountains is very gradual, as the moun- tains are reached, however, the ascent be- comes harder, although the roads are ex- cellent. The finest road in the entire Catskills and HIQH- the one known as the "automobile route," \yayS is from Saugerties. Here a macadamized road leads to Bearsville, through Centre- ville, Pine Grove and Woodstock, a dis- tance of twelve miles, with a road branching off near Saugerties, to Palenville and an- other branching off at Centreville, leading to Fawns and Platte Clove. (This road con- tinues to Lexington.) At Bearsville the macadamized road ends and after a few miles reaches Beechford, where it is again a mac- adamized road leading to Pleischmann's, passing through Pheonicia, Shandaken, Big Indian and Pine Hill and from here a good road extends to Stamford. From Pheonicia a road extends through the Stony CloYe to the road from Platte Clove to Lexington. From Catskill an excellent road runs to Palenville and through the Palenville Clove to Hunter, connecting with the road to Lex- ington. A few automobiles have succeeded in making the ascent of the mountains over this road, but it is a severe tax upon a machine and a risky proposition. From Catskill to Cairo the road passes Leeds and South Cairo, at Cairo it branches, one road following the Susquehanna turn- pike, through Acra, South Durham, East Windham, Windham, Union Society, East Ashland, Ashland and Red Falls, a short dis- tance farther it joins the road from Lexing- ton and continues through Prattsville and through Gilboa, South Gilboa to Stamford. A fine carriage road from Kingston (for- merly the Kingston and Delhi road) extends into Delaware County. A fair road from Woodstock follows north- ward along the foot of the mountains through West Saugerties and Palenville to Cairo. The roads are nearly all through a well populated region and a little questioning 32 Eagle Guide to the Cat skills will serve to keep drivers from going astray. Carriage roads extend in a number of cases to the summits of the peaks, but in a ma- jority of them the road leads only part way and the rest of the journey must be con- tinued on foot; the footpaths are well de- fined and are generally good. In the vicinity of Stamford there are ex- cellent roads and a large variety of secnery is embraced in the beautiful drives in that locality. A WEEK'S A week's trip through the Catskills by TPIP RY carriage is one of the finest scenic tours 1 Kir Di jjj America. Leaving New York by boat the CARRIAGE team will be conveyed to Saugerties, here the macadamized road should be followed to Bearsville, a break in the macadamized road is encountered here and extends to Cold Brook, the road is again macadamized and extends westward. The first night may be spent at Phoenicia. The next day may be spent in driving to Big Indian and through the Big Indian Val- ley and returning and continuing the jour- ney to Arkville; the third day, Stamford will be the resting place. The fourth day the return will be made through Grand Gorge to Prattsville, where numerous points of in- terest will be found. The night spent here the journey will be resumed the next morn- ing to Lexington and Hunter. The sixth day may well be spent in the region in the neighborhood of Haines Falls and the jour- ney to Catskill resumed the next morning. Catskill will be reached in time for lunch- eon and ample time may be found to visit the points of interest. The "rig" may be shipped back to New York by boat from here, and the tourist will have spent seven days in seeing the most interesting region in the world. RIVER The most important of the cities lying at TOAVIV^ the entrance to the Catskills is the city of luwi^a Kingston, 88 miles from New York. Ron- KINQSTON dout and Kingston form the City of King- ston, the former being the river port. King- ston i« the third oldest settlement in the Eagle Guide to the Catskills 33 state and is rich in historic association. It was burned by the British under Vaughn in 1777, and the settlers removed to New Kingston, in Delaware County. The pres- ent city is a thriving business locality, but bears many marks of its settlement by the Dutch. It was here that New York State came into existence and the old Senate House, where the first legislative body met, still stands a striking contrast to the pres- ent capital of the state. This building is open daily to visitors and has a large col- lection of interesting relics of the colonial days. Here also are a collection of the paintings of Vanderlyn, including the origi- nal study for his "Landing of Columbus." The old Dutch Reformed Church, at the corner of Main and Wall Street, is an inter- esting place. Around the church are clus- tered tombstones bearing Dutch names and dating back to years before the revolution. The church records of this church are the most valuable in America and are complete from 1660 to the present date. Kingston Point Park, three miles from KINGSTON the city, is the finest pleasure resort along poi]>j'r the Hudson, and is a famous excursion re- ^ sort. The first view of the Catskills is ob- tained upon reaching here. The region is picturesque and has many beautiful spots in the vicinity. The beau- tiful Bunnewater Lakes, five in number, are only five miles distant. The Esopus creek flows through the city, and its banks afford pleasant resting places. A macad- amized road and a bicycle path extends from here to Saugerties. Rhinebeck, noted for its beautiful sum- mer homes, is just across the river. Lake Katrine, a beautiful sheet of water, i Ai^p is two miles north. The drive to this place is magnificent, and the place worthy of a KATRINE visit. The Esopus Ponds are three miles south of here, lying a mile west of the river. There are a number of excellent ho- tels in the city that are famous with tour- ists, who wish to rest over night before going to the mountains. 34 SAUQER= TIES Eagle Guide to tJie Catskills The most picturesque of the river villages is Saugerties, ninety-nine miles from New York, and midway between Kingston and Caiskills. '} his is one of the oldest settle- ments along the river, having been settled about 1748. The first settlement was made at a point two miles west of the river, at a place now known as Churchland. The old stone house erected by the first settler in 1750 is still standing, being occupied by a lineal descendant of the original occupant. The next settlement was made in the north- ern part of the town, near the present site of West Camp In a little bay across the river, just be- low Tivoli, Fulton constructed his first steamboat, the Clermont, destined to revo- lutionize traveling, and which frightened the staid old Dutch settlers, on its first trip, so that they fled in terror. The village is located so as to command a mapniliceiit vievv of the Catskills, the main ridge forming a beautiful backgroand for the well shaded streets and neat resi- dences. From the village many of the peaks of the eastern Catskills are in full view. Perched on the mountain, the Kaaterskill and the Mountain House are plainly visible, as are the Platterkill Clove and the Palen- E30PUS CREEK. NEiAR SAUGERTIES Eagle Guide to the Catskills 35 ville Clove. The Esopus Creek is lined with beautiful scenery along its banks. At a short distance south of the village this stream flows over a precipice, forming the beautiful Gleneric Falls, and continues its course northward through a rocky gorge that is strikingly picturesque. The outskirts of the village abound in romantic spots that are ideal places for vacations. The village has perfect water and sewerage systems, is lighted by electricity, and is accessible by rail or by water. The free delivery system or mails, adds to the comfort of guests, the mails being delivered not only in the village, but the R. F. D. extends to the numerous small hamlets on the out- ■^jkirts. A macadamized road extends from here to Bearsville, a distance of twelve miles, which is one of the best automobile courses in the state, and a fine road from Kingston leads to the macadamized road. The favorite summer sforts are walking, driving, boating, fishing and baseball, the local team belonging to the Hudson River League. The number of places to visit in the vi- cmity of Saugerties is remarkable. Pleasant excursions for a day each may be made to Lake Katrine, Kingston Point, Woodstock, Plaatterkill Clove, Palenville and Kaaters- kill Clove, Tannersville and Hunter, Haines Falls, Kaaterskill and Catskill Mountain House and Catskill. The following places are small hamlets within the town limits of Saugerties. A pretty little village lying on the Hud- QLASCO son, tvv'o miles south of Saugerties, with a number of attractive surroundings. North Bay, an inlet of the Hudson, is directly opposite. It was here that Fulton built his first steamboat. Magdalin Island Is di- rectly opposite the village, and the beauti- ful Gleneric Falls are southwest of the place. There are beautiful drives in the neigh- borhood and excellent boating and fishing. 36 Eagle Guide to the Cats kills MALDEN. Maiden is a small but picturesque hamlet a mile north of Saugerties, with pretty sur- roundings. It has two hotels, a railroad depot and steamboat landings. WEST SAUGER= TIES West Saugerties lies seven miles west of Saugerties at the opening of the beautiful Plaaterkill Clove. It is a small hamlet, but it is one of the most picturesque locali- ties in the state, and should be visited by every one coming to the Catskills. The mountains tower high above the settlement and are broken from their summit to the base by the Clove. There are several sites here from which there is an extensive view of the Hudson River and valley. Back of the mountains overlooking the hamlet is the "lory Swamp," formerly the rendezvous of a band of Tories and Indians who often sallied out to commit depredations on the neighboring farms. The Plaaterkill Clove, with its magnificent scenery, affords some pleasant rambles. The "Kopje" on the Overlook Mountain is a favorite jaunt with many visitors. ENTRANCE TO PLATTERKILL. CLOVE. WEST SAUGERTIES Eagle Guide to the Catskills 37 The Plaaterkill Creek has worn a deep gorge along its course here that is unrivaled in beauty. The arch bridge crossing the Plaaterkill at this place, when seen from the gorge, presents the prettiest view that the writer has found in the region, a com- bination of arch, water falls and creek, with the Overlook Mountain for a back- ground. . Over a dozen waterfalls, each of them beautiful, are found within a radius of a mile. Daisy is a small hamlet at the foot of the DAISY Overlook Mountain, on the macadamized road to Bearsville. It has pretty surround- ings and a couple of small boarding places. Located near Mount Airy on the road to QUARRY= the Katterskill Clove, is Quarryville. It is ^,. . p known as a celebrated quarrying region, ▼*LLt, having several hotels and a number of pret- ty nooks. The settlement command.^ a good view of the river. Mount Airy is just a little ways southeast of the village. Highwoods, Saxton, Fish Creek, Pine Grove and Veteran are picturesque localities in the township. On the road to West Saugerties is Fawns, FAWNS which has several pretty boarding houses .„. ^. >. and a number of picturesque spots. (Klue /nts.^ Glenerie is a beautiful hamlet in the QLENERIE southern part of the town, near Glenerie Falls. From t*ne river to the summit of the moun- CATSKILL tains by way of Catskill is eighteen miles, hence the term "The short route to the Cats- kills'' has been appropriately applied to this gateway, and more people enter the moun- tains at Catskill than at any other point, because Catskill is the entrance for the great Cairo region as well as for Palenville and the mountains beyond. The town itself ranks first among the river towns as a popular resort and caters annually to nearly 10,000 summer boarders. 38 BUSY SCENES Eagle Guide to the Catskills these wit'a the large number of visitors from neighboring resorts make the place the live- liest along the river. The village is pic- turesquely located and commands a splen- did view of the mountains from their south- ern to their northern extremity. The noble Hudson is at its prettiest in this locality and some of the river drives are unequaled for scenic beauty. The village seems to 'have but one business street, and this street is a sight worth see- ing on a midsummer day. Through the cen- ter goes an electric car, filled with boarders bound for Austin's Glen. Leeds and Greene's Lake. It is the vehicles, however, that add the picturesque element to the scene, and it is a careful driver who can pilot his horse faster t'iian a walk through the mixed as- semblage of "rigs" that line the streets. The huge flve-seater, filled with a noisy crowd bound for one of the nearby points of inter- est, brushes past the hay rack covered with hay and loaded with laughing girls, whose roguish eyes peep out under their broad- brimm.ed sunbonnets. It is no uncommon sight to find nearly a hundred of these comfortable convevances scattered along the streets on a r^easant day. The residential streets lead up hill in all directions, and are noted for their beauty; wide branching trees, whose branches al- most meet above the center of the road, line the streets; beautiful lawns abound. Through the trees one obtains splendid views of both the river and the mountains. At the lower end of Main street is the steamboat and ferry landing. From here there is a beautiful view of the mountains and the "Old Man of the Mountain." or "Sleeping Giant," can be plainly seen. Across the river is Church's Hill, and the magnificent residence on its summit was the home and studio of the late F. E. Church, the celebrated artist. A short dis- tance above is Rogers Island, a favorite place for clam-bakes, campers and picnick- ers, Eagle Guide to the Catskills This island was the legendary scene of the fearful battle between the Mohawks and the Mohicans, which resulted in the blotting out of the latter tribe as a nation. On the outskirts of the village Jefferson Heights invites numerous ramblers with its picturesque surroundings. THE HAMBURG ROAD 40 PRETTY SPOTS SIDE TRIPS Eagle Guide to the Catskills Austins Glen is perhaps the most noted place in this locality. The creek has worn its way through solid rock here, and pre- sents some wonderful views, and the rapids are well worth seeing. Eagle Cliff, a ledge of rocks over the creek, is an interesting spot, and the ruins of an old mill and the railroad passing through the Glen, add the touch of civilization needed to make the picture complete. Lampmans Creek, with its picturesque canyon and several picturesque waterfalls, is worthy of a visit. Here is located "Camp Content," a favorite spot with many Catskill residents. No one should miss the drive over the Hamburg road along the river. There are numerous points of interest in the locality that can be utilized as excur- sion points for one-day tours. Excursion boats ply between Catskill and the small hamlets along the river. The trolley line furnishes several tours that are interesting. The interesting excursions by rail are in- expensive as well as interesting. One of these trips and one that should not be missed is a trip over the Otis Elevating Railroad. This trip takes the tourist from Catskill to Haines Falls and return, giving him a view of the river valley, the Mountain House, the Kaaterskill Falls. Twilight, Sun- set and Santa Cruz Parks, Haines Falls and the Kaaterskill Clove. The trip takes one day and the excrusion rate is $1.25. Trips may be made to Electric Park and to Albany by the little steamer plying be- tween Al'bany and Catskill. Excellent roads for driving are found in every directcion. The village has a number of excellent ho- tels which cater largely to the summer boarder. The large boarding houses devoted exclusively to the resort patronage are sit- uated on the outskirts of the village and overlook the river valley. Athens lies on the Hudson just across the river from the city of Hudson. The Potic Eagle Guide to the Cats kills 41 Hills extend through the western part of ATHENS the town and there are many beautiful lo- calities found in the neighborhood. The rail- road station is west of the village and is called West Athens. Greenes Lake and Black Lake, two pretty bodies of water, the former being a noted picnic ground, are near here. Hamburg, a picturesquqe locality, is to the south on the river road to Catskill. There are pretty drives in nearly every di- rection, and there are several fine hotels catering to the summer tourists that have a wide reputation for comfort and cusine. The river affords boating, fishing and bathing. The last of the river towTis of importance COX= is Coxsackie, 121 miles from New York. It c Ari^ip is not noted as a resort, although prettily ^ located and commanding an excellent view of the Catskills, but is important in 'being the Railroad Station for a number of small but popular hamlets in the northern part of Greene County, including Climax, Urlton, Medway, Result, Stanton Hill, Sylvandale, Grapevine, Surprise, East Greenville, West Greenville, Greenville Centre, Greenville and Oak Hill. Coxsackie also has a number of splendid hotels. Although Catskill, Athens and Coxsackie QI^EENE are in Greene County, their advantageous lo- /-|-|i jiypy cation, on the river, has caused the writer ^^*JfN 1 Y to classify them as river towns having the advantages of the attractions afforded by the noble Hudson. Greene County lies for the most part in the mountains and is famous for its scenic beauty as well as its popularity. Within its borders may be found the largest moun- tain house in the world, the Kaaterskill. A mile from the Kaaterskill stands the oldest and most famous mountain hotel, the Cats- kill Mountain House. In the county are found the most important wa*terfalls and with the exception of Slide Mountain, the highest peaks. Here also are 60 per cent, of the Catskill Mountain boarding houses and 42 Eagle Guide to the Catskills 60 per cent, of the summer population. The three most noted "Cloves" and six of the cottage colonies are found within its boun- daries. Many of its most picturesque lo- calities lie hack from the beaten path of civilization, affording a seclusion and a rest- fulness that appeal to many. It has other localities that are the scene of a continual round of gayety. The old stage coach is still found in many parts of this pretty region and some of the stage trips are wonderfully interesting. Tlie drivers have pointed out many of the points described in this little volume that would have remained unnoticed had they not calle 1 attention to them. KISKA= TOM Kiskatom is a hamlet lying in the center of the Town of Catskill, near Sleepy Hollow and on the beautiful Kaaterskill Creek, six miles from Catskill. The region is rich in legends and has innumerable beautiful spots, including a pretty lake. Boating, fishing and bathing are among the pleasures to be indulged in here. The roads are cool and shaded and the numerous walks in the region open up a vista of many pleasant hours. The number of day trips that may be made from here is unlimited. The railroad station for Kiskatom is Catskill, and the trip from Catskill is made by stage, the distance being six miles. Stages from all the boarding houses meet trains and steamboats every day. Lawrenceville, a station on the Catskill Mountain Railway, is within a mile of tho village. Pleasant roads extend to Palenville, Cairo, Sleepy Hollow, Catskill and Leeds. The Kaaterskill and the Catskill Mountain House are plainly visible, and a short drive brings the tourist to the Otis Elevating Railroad. A feature of Kiskatom in the line of nov- elties are th§ searchlight exploring parties organized there. These parties explore the region while the searchlight from the Mountain House is being operated. Eagle Guide to the Catskills 43 Rip Rock, Sleepy Hollow Ravine and ttie Falls are among the points of interest. The Kiskatom Retreat, located here, is a famous hostlery. Leeds is a quaint old settlement, about LEEDS four miles from Catskill, along the Catskill Creek. It wa* an important manufacturing place at one period. Here, A. T. Stewart erected a magnificent woolen mill, which employed hundreds of emp^yes. The mills were closed in 1882, the employes moved away and the village be- came once more the quaint old village of a century before. The advent of the trolley line brought renewed activity to the place and it is now a popular excursion point. The Leeds bridge, constructed over a cen- tury ago, is one of the landmarks of the Catskills. It i'S a massive structure, built of stone, with four arches spanning the creek. Nearby is the old Low Dutch Reformed Church, erected in 1818. The Salisbury House here was built in 1730 and has been enlarged several times since then, and i-s a veritable storehouse of interesting relics of Colonial days. The natives tell you of the wonderful days when the mills were in operation and Leeds was the busiest place in the county. A short distance from there are Greene's Lake and Black Lake, two pretty sheets of water that are favorite places with pic- nickers. In the distance the Mountain House and the Kaaterskill loom up on the summit of the mountains. At night the rays of the powerful searchlight from the former house find their way into the village, much to the discomfort, at times, of the rural swains and to the amusement of the summer guests. Palenville lies at the opening of the Kaat- PALEN= erskil] Clove at the terminus of the Cat- skill Mountain Railway. The village, famous VILLh as the "Falling Water" of Irving's legend of Rip Van Winkle, is one of the prettiest of the Catskill Mountain hamlets, and abounds in interesting legends. High up in 44 PINE KNOLL Eagle Guide to the Catskills the "clove" is pointed out the identical ledge where "Rip" met the gnomes and after en- joying their hospitality spent the next twenty years in slumber. Here, according to an- other legend, the thunder is caused by the gnomes rolling balls at their old game of ten-pins, high up in the clove. The village is well shaded, cool and abounds in picturesque locations. A number of handsome summer residences are found. Pine Knoll, the summer home of the George Ehrets, is on the road to West Sau- gerties. To the right as you approach the bridge on the way through Kaaterskill Clove is the magnificent residence of George H. FAWN'S LEAP. PALENVILLE Eagle Guide to the Catskills 45 Hall, the artist. Along the banks of the creek is the beautiful Gloria Dei Church. In the center of the village is the Rowena Memorial School, a magnificent structure, the gift of one of Palenville's summer resi- dents. An old grist mill is one of the most picturesque places in the village. There are innumerable picturesque spots along the creek here that are noted for their beauty, among them are the Palenville Cascades, the Dog's Hole, Black Crook Falls, Stony Brook Palls, Old Nick's Falls, Niobe Falls, Drummond Falls, La Belle Falls and the Naiad's Bath. Profile rock, one of the wonders of fhe Catskills, is just above the village, on the face of Church's Ledge. A mile from here, at Otis Junction, is the "Winona Spring," whose waters are fast becoming famous. Here also we find the celebrated Otis Elevating railroad that takes us to the sum- mit of the mountain in ten minutes, dur- ing which period we enjoy fhe wonderful panoramic view that seems to be unfolded before us. From Palenville there are magnificent drives in every direction over cool roads that are noted for their excellent condition, and there are numerous picturesque rambles in the "clove" that are worth taking. If the number of people who summer at CAIRO Cairo is a criterion by which to judge, Cairo ^ is the most popular resort in the Catskills. The village is at Vhe terminus of the Cairo Railway and is the gateway for the vast re- gion embraced in Gayhead, Acra, Oak Hill, Durham, East Durham, East Windham, Hen- sonville, Windham, Union Society, Big Hol- low, South Durham, Cornwallville, Norton Hill and Freehold. It is a remarkable sight to witness the arrival of the trains here on a summer day. Upward of a hundred convey- ances bound for various parts of the moun- tains leave the depot, loaded with passengers and trunks. These conveyances are of all sizes and descriptions, some of them re- sembling Noah's Ark. 46 Ea^lc Guide to the Cats kills MANY ATTRAC= TIONS The village commands a magnlflcent view of the mountains, which loom up majesti- cally toward the west. North Mountain, Black Dome, Black Head, Acra Peak, and Wind- ham High Peak overtopping the lesser peaks, but it is on the outskirts of the village that the most charming localities are found. The section around Purling (The Forge) abounds in beautiful scenery. The Skinglekill flows through here, and abounds in beautiful nooks, and the falls of the same name are among the most beautiful of the Catskill Mountain cascades. Miller's Glen is a beautiful gorge that is a favorite nook. Farther up is Maple Lawn, one of the best-known of the Cairo hotels, and i" its vicinity are a series of beautiful water falls, including Lock's Falls, Diana's Well, and the Winter Clove Falls. Farther down are the Glens Falls, Slaters Falls, Millride Falls, Renney's Falls, Forest Ravine Falls, Dutchess Falls and Schermerhorn Falls. This section has many stories of Indian and Tory depredations, chief among them is the story of the massacre near Round Top of SHINGLEIKILL FALLS, CAIRO Eagle Guide to the Catskills 47 the Stroope family, and the captivity and subsequent escape, after many trials, of Frederick Schermerhorn, Cairo is the liveliest of the Catskill re- sorts, and attracts crowds of the younger element. Contrary to the usual rule, Cairo has a greater number of male guests than of the gentler sex, hence there are no "wall flowers" at the evening hops in the vicinity, and there is litle time spent in "doing fancy work." Straw rides, picnics, excursions to the Kaaterskill and Mountain Houses, as well as to other surrounding resorts, pass the time away quickly. Cairo has two events that attract great throngs: The annual Decoration Day ex- cursion brings a vast throng here annually; but the event of the season is the "Cairo Fair," which is held in August. This fair is the typical agricultural fair, THE and brings, not only the residents of Greene, r-rtl IISITY Albany, Schoharie, and Ulster Counties to ^"^-^^^ Cairo, but it brings from fifteen to twenty FAIR thousand of the summer guests from the various points in the Catskills. The variety of conveyances, the display of agricultural products, the tintype man, the merry-go- round and the mJdway, find as many patrons among the city guests as among the na- tives. The portion of Cairo lying south of the sta- PURLING tion on the heights is called Purling. The vicinity was formerly called the Forge and is ihe prettiest portion of Cairo. Tlie Shingle Kill forms a beautiful ravine here which is a favorite nook with the summer boarders. The mountains rise abruptly here and Black Head, Black Dome and Thomas Cole Moun- tains lie west. A chain of high peaks, in- cluding in the order named Acra Point, Burnt Knob, Windham High Peak, Mount Zoar, Gin- seng Mountain, Mount Hayden, Mount Nebo and Mount Pisgah, extends northwest. Cairo Round Top is directly south and almost in a line is North Mountain. Splendid roads, good hotels and unusually attractive surroundings make Purling one of the favorite summer places with a great throng of people. 48 SOUTH CAIRO GAY- HEAD ACRA Eagle Guide to the Catskills South Cairo lies about four miles southeast of Cairo village, on Catskill Creek, and is reached by the Catskill Mountain Railroad. It is a picturesque region, with pleasant walks and pretty drives. A number of pretty boarding houses are located here. Gayhead is a small hamlet north of Cairo, on Indian Ridge, near Vonderbeck Creek. It has some fine views of mountains and pleasant surroundings. There are several fine boarding houses. It is reached by stage from South Cairo. Acra is west of Cairo, near the foot of Acra Point and Burnt Knob, from the top of which there is a magnificent viev;. The sta- tion is Cairo. DURHAM Durham is a picturesque mountain village in the northeastern part of the county, 12 miles from Cairo. It commands some mag- nificent views of the surrounding region and of the Hudson River valley. A short distance from Durham stands Mt. Pisgah, on the summit of which there is a splendid observa- tory. Catskill Creek has worn many gorges in its banks in this region and presents some magnificent scenes. The most picturesque portion of the town is in the neighborhood of Thorp Creek and is known as Shady Glen, which is the most popular place around and is visited an- nually by thousands. Legendary history credits this region with being the home of a tribe of aborigines and their haunts and an occasional relic of their occupancy are pointed out to the visitor. Within the glen are eight waterfalls that are wonderfully picturesque. A number of pretty nooks bear- ing romantic names are found at every turn, of these the most charming are the Devil's Oven, Rumble Tumble Rapids, the Bulwarks, Hungry Man's Hollow, the Hogsback, the Fairies' Pulpit, Table Rock Falls, Rainbow Falls, Dolly's Leap, Shimmering Falls, Dia- mond Falls and Nannie's Tumble. The turn- ing mill and the old log cabin are favorite Eagle Guide to the Cafskills 49 SHADY GL.EN, DURHAM haunts. The Shady Glen House stands just at the entrance to the glen. Mount Pisgah, Windham High Peak, Mount Hayden, Mount Zoar and Ginseng Mountain tower high above the neighborhood. Well defined trails lead to the summits of these mountains. East Durham is seven miles from Cairo, on EAST the road to Durham. It is a picturesque piiTDHAM little hamlet with some delightful scenery. LFUKnAyVl Taylor's Glen abounds in romantic nooks and there are several pretty waterfalls in the locality. The East Durham Falls, and the Silver Falls are both worthy of a visit. South Durham is another of the pretty lit- QOij'r|-f tie hamlets in the town of Durham. It lies six miles from Cairo on the road to Wind- DURHAM ham, and almost at the foot of Windham 50 Eagle Guide to the Catskills High Peak. TTie Bowery Creek, a tributary of the Catskill Creek, forms several pretty waterfalls here, of which Taylor's Falls, Ma- rie Falls, Upper Falls and Stead's Twin Palls (upper and lower) are the handsomest. Oak Hill, West Durham, Cornwallsville and Sun- side are small hamlets within the boun- daries of the town, EAST Near the boundary lines of Cairo and Dur- FREE= ^^m. and approachable by way of Cairo or Coxeackie is Freehold. It was once the site HOLD of a Mohegan village and many of their stone implements are found on the fiats a short distance from the village. It is very popular as a summer resort. Norton Hill, Greenville and Bast Green- ville are neighboring hamlets. East Windham is situated on the north slope of Windham High Peak. It is one of the pleasantest of the mountain villages as well as the coolest. In the neighborhood are a number of beau- tiful rambles. The view from here is con- ceded to be one of the finest in the state From here one sees the green clad moun- tains of Vermont, the White Mountains of New Hampshire, the Beikshires in Massa- chusetts, while at our feet lie the pretty hamlets of Cornwallsville, Oak Hill. East Durham, Durham, Freehold and Norton Hill. In the neighborhood are Silver Lake, High Peak, Cold Spring, Mount Zoar and Grand View, while a short distance away is the beautiful village of Windham. Tliere is no lack of good hotels here and their rates are moderate. WINDHAM Windham has been aptly teamed "The village beautiful." The visitor may come by train to Cairo or Hunter and drive from one of these to his destination. Upon ap- proaching the village the tourist is deeply impressed with its beauty, and when the village is reached we find it to be a "gem" with a magnificent setting. The picturescLue Batavia Kill flows through the village and has many pretty nooks along its banks. A pretty lake of crystal spring water near Eagle Guide to the Cats kills 51 "the Pines" is one of the great attractions of the place and furnishes boating and fish- ing. Just south of the village is Cave Moun- tain, 3,205 feet in height, commanding a magnificent view. Mount Piegah, with its fine observatory, is a short distance away and is the favorite jaunt of many of the summer guests. Shady Brook, Coles Glen and Mitchell's Hollow are favorite spots with a number of people. The magnificent pine trees found on the Soper property have given the title, "The Fines," to the magnificent hotel found here. This cozy little hamlet is situated be- UNION tween Windham and East Windham, on the onriPTV west side of Elm Ridge. Windham Falls is 2>"^»c I Y near here and the grove near the falls is much frequented by picnickers from sur- rounding places. Big Hollow is a pretty region lying in the BIG depression between Thomas Cole Mountain HOLLOW and Round Hill, on the road to Hunter. Hensonville is at the junction of the roads HENSON= from Cairo and from Hunter to Windham, _, near the Elm Ridge. VlLLb The Batavia Kill flows through the village, which has a number of small but cozy board- ing houses. The roost noted section of the Catskills QTic bears the railroad title "Otis Summit." ^ciTMMfr short distance from here is Kaaterskill, SUMMIT the U. & D. station for the same region, 'ihis region is termed the Kaatex skill re- gion and here we find the Catskill Mountain House and a mile away (by path) we find the Kaaterskill. More visitors come here daily than to any other portion of the Cats- kills to see the wonderful view which Cooper so vividly describes, and which the author has reproduced in a previous chapter. This view is the most famous view in the world, the view extending over a space of ' 10,000 square miles, in five states, the ob- servation point is the ledge of rocks on Pine Orchard, just in front of the Catskill 53 Eagle Guide to the Catskills Mountain House. A glimpse into that house or a walk through the wide halls and we start for the Lakes. There are two of these lakes lying a short distance apart. Various authorities have given them two sets of names, viz.: North and South Lake and the Kaaterskill Lakes. A fleet of boats here furnishes us with an opportunity to enjoy a boat ride on the summit of a mountain. A walk around South Mountain leads us to Anvil Rock, Lover's Retreat, Alligator Rock, The Sphinx, Eagle Rock and Druid's Rock. The Kaaterskill is noted as being the largest house in the world and is one of the "sights" of the region. It is located on the mountain overlooking the Kaaterskill Clove and the Hudson. An extensive park surrounds the hotel and paths lead to the various points of interest in the locality. In close proximity to the Kaaterskill are Sunset Rock, The Big Boulder, Star Rock, Fairy Spring and the Lemon Squeezer. Mary's Glen, the Cellar, Newman's Ledge, Bear's Den, Jacob's Ladder, Prospect Rock and Artist's Rock are on North Mountain and are reached by paths from the Moun- tain House. A road from North Mountain leads down to Sleepy Hollow, which many claim is the region made famous as the scene of Rip Van Winkle's exploits. A short distance from the Mountain House are the celebrated Kaaterskill Falls, which will be described in the chapter on Haines Falls. HAINES FALLS For half a century Haines Falls has been one of the most famous of America's moun- tain resorts. It is ideally located at the head of the celebrated Kaaterskill Clove and commands a beautiful view of the clove and the Hudson River Valley. Its surroundings make it the most interesting place in the Catskills. Its popularity is evinced not only by its great throng of cottagers and board- ers, but by the thousands from other resorts who visit here for sightseeing. A short dis- tance east of the depot is the opening of the Eagle Guide to the Catskills Kaaterskill Clove, while to the right are Sunset. Twilight and Santa Cruz Parks. The Catskill Mountain Golf Links lie along the road to the Parks. Just at the entrance to T'wilight Park is the beautiful Haines Falls, one of the pret- tiest sights in the mountains. Following the creek down its course through the scenes made famous in Irving's 53 HAINES FALLS 54 RAVINES AND FALLS PRETTY DRIVES Eagle Guide to the Catskills legend of Rip Van Winkle we pass the Spray Falls, The Great Landslide, The Five Cas- cades and Santa Cruz Falls, and at a point opposite the Lodge we reach the Kaaterskill Creek, a mile walk 'brings us to the Bastion Falls, and a short distance from here we find ourselves under the beautiful Kaaters- kill Falls, the highest in the region. Re- turning to Santa Cruz we pass the Butter- milk Falls. Wild Cat Ravine, Hulyer's Ra- vine, Fawn's Leap, Profile Rock and find our- selves at Moore's B'ridge. The road here is walled by the solid rocks of the mountain. Looking up at the mountain, Sunset Rock, Inspiration Point and the Amphitheater are plainly visible. Following the creek we soon reach La Belle Falls and are in the village of Palenville. under the shadow of Indian Head and the Palenville Overlook. Our trip has extended five miles and the return will be three more. The walk to High Peak is a favorite with many. The path leads from the park and the distance is three miles; the view from here is magnificent and a number of people remain at the cabin on the summit over night to witness the sunrise. The view from here extends to the White Mountains in New Hampshire. Deer Park, the magnificent summer home of Mr. S. Zweighaft, is a mile from the sta- tion and is open to visitors on Wednesdays and Saturdays. The Kaaterskill and the Mountain House are four miles distant. The Kaaterskill Lakes are three miles from here. There are innumerable points of interest in the immediate vicinity and many pretty drives. Tannersville and Hunter, Elka and Onteora Parks and the Platterkill Clove and Stony Clove are within easy reach and are the destination of many driving parties. The prettiest all-day drive in the region is by way of Tannersville through Platte Cove and down the Platterkill Clove to West Saugerties, then drive north to Palen- ville and up the Palenville Mountain to Haines Falls. Several interesting excur- sions are offered by rail, including Catskill, Eagle Guide to the Cat skills 55 Palenville, The Mountain House, Cairo, Lau- rel House, Tannersville and Hunter. Santa Crviz Lodge, The Antlers, Loxhurst, Ledge End Inn, T^vilight Rest and Sunset Park Inn are located here. Tannersville is two miles west of Haines TANNERS= Falls, and is the railroad station for Elka yjLLP Park and Onteora Park and Schoharie Manor It is one of the largest of the Catskill re- sorts and its streets are lined with hotels. The village has a splendid system of water- works, fine stores, good sewerage and flag- walks, and lighted by electricity. Its location is picturesque; Clum Hill lies southeast and Onteora Mountain north. To the east the parks at Haines Falls, and the top of the Kaaterskill are visible, as well as a portion of the Hudson River Val- ley. To the west lies the Schoharie Valley and Hunter Mountain. A beautiful view may be obtained from Star Rock, near Onteora Park, which is north of the village and above it. Elka Park lies south of the village, near the head of the Mink Hollow Clove. There are numerous pretty drives here, which have been described under the head of Haines Falls, but which are available for people summering here. Half way between here and Hunter is the beautiful Stony Clove. Platte Clove is six miles from Tannersville PLATTE and nine miles from Saugerties. Burton's mail stages leave Saugerties daily at 2 P.M., CLOVE reaching there at 6 P.M. Private convey- ances meet trains at Tannersville. This region, although not so well known as the Kaaterskill, rivals it in beauty and is considered by many as surpassing the Kaaterskill. Here are the headwaters of the Schoharie. On the right, perc'hed on the side of Spruce Top Mountain is Elka Park. wMle along the road, in full view is a succession of peaks, averaging over 3,000 feet in height, on the north side of the road are Round Top and High Peak. Near Sugar Loaf and adjoining Elka Park 56 PLATTER= KILL CLOVE Eagle Guide to the Catskills is Schoharie Manor and the beautiful Scho- harie Mansion, one of t'ae most imposing hostelries in the mountains, patterned after the Colonial style. Along the road near the head of the Clov .• is a large cottage colony, made up of indi- vidual estates, instead of an association. The Platterkill Clove resembles the Kaaterskill Clove in contour, the main stream flowing into it from the north the same as in the Kaaterskill. The erosion here is more marked, 'nowevor, than in the Kaat- erskill and the rock formation is more beau- tiful. Near the head of the clove a brook flows down from the north slope of High Peak in a series of beautiful tumbles over huge bowlders and turns toward the east. At a short distance east of here another brook runs parallel to this brook and after flowing under the beautiful arch bridge it has worn a wonderful canyon, known locally as ilie Crand Canyon and the ITell Hole. Be- tween the IMaltskill Falls and West Sauger- ties. a distance of one and three-fourths miles, are seventeen falls, varying from 25 to 150 feet in height. The largest of these falls include Pomeroy Fall"?, Rainbow Falls, Red Falls, The Lemon Squeezer and the Blue Falls. To the right, on tine way down, is the celebrated Black Chasm, with its picturesque stream and falls. About hall* way down, the Cross Clove is encountered, and is the grandest work of nature in the Catskills. The Sawmill Falls are a short distance below here and a short distance farther is West Saugerties, where, just above the arch bridge, two streams unite to form I'he Kagle Hole Falls. The water flows through a gorge of solid rock here and takes its last tumble of thirty feet over Cam's Falls, and continues its way toward Fawns, through a pretty section. The return to the head of the Clove may te made by the road. The Cross Clove is seen at its best from the road, and on the oppo- site mountain may be seen the "Kopji," from which there is a famous view. A huge bowlder standing over ten feet in height, standing so close to the road that there is Eagle Guide to the Catskills barely room for a loam to pass, is oneoun- terod on tho way up the mouutain. from the top of which thoro is a pretty view. The bend in the road near the watering tub is a picturesque place and will attract the eye of those with artistic tastes. The ascent has t alien an hour and wc are ai;,iiii ai the summit. The Overlook Mountain is four miles dis- tant, and a beautiful lake is found about half way there. The Roaring Kill, so called TFlliJ HEL.1^ IIOLIO. PLATTE CLOVli} 58 Eagle Guide to the Catskills from the noise made by the water as it flows over the rooks, Dolan's Creek and Tory Falls are worthy of a visit. Nearby is the Tory Swamp, which was the rendezvous of the Tories in this region during the Revolution. The drives are numerous and the roads are among the best in the state. Trails lead from here to High Peak. Spruce Top, Twin Mountain, Indian Head and Sugar Loaf with a trail from here over Clum Hill to Tannersville. A fair carriage road from here runs through Mink Hollow and follows around south of Mount Tobias and back from Lake Hill around the foot of the Overlook back to the foot of the Clove. HUNTER. STONY CLOVE. Hunter lies at the foot of the Colonel's Chair Mountain (so called from its resem- blance to a massive chair.) It is one of the prettiest of the Catskill Mountain villages, with wide streets, flag walks, beautiful lawns and magnificent shade trees that are the envy of its neighbors. Two miles distant, and in sight of the village, is Hunter Moun- tain, the highest point in Greene County. The beautiful Stony Clove extends from the northeast side of Hunter Mountain to Phoenicia. From Hunter there is a magnificent valley view, extending along the valley of the Schoharie. Hunter is the railroad station for Lexing- ton. Stages also leave here for Hensonville, Jewett Heights and Windham. There are fine roads abounding in beautiful scenery found in the locality. The hotels are commodious, handsome and well man- aged. This is one of the wildest and most pic- turesque of the Catskill Mountain "Cloves" and the only one through which a railroad passes. The portion known as "The Notch" appears to be hardly wide enough, when seen from a distance, for a wagon to pass through, yet here side by side are a wide guage railroad, a splendid carriage road and a picturesque creek, with vast mountains on each side as though trying to I'.eep them Eagle Guide to the Cat skills 59 together. The creek here rushes over huge boulders and produces a gurgling sound that will soothe the most nervous person into a deep slumber. Edgewood and Lanesville are beautiful little hamlets in the Stony Clove and are noted not only for their picturesque sur- roundings but for the excellent trout fishing found in their vicinity. Jewett is located on the heights overlook- JEWETT ing the Schoharie Valley, nearly half of the town lying north of Hunter. A chain of high peaks and several pretty streams are found throughout the town. Jewett Heights, Jewett Centre and East Jewett are small hamlets in the town. Ac- cess is by road from Hunter. Lexington is nine miles from Hunter in LEXINQ= the Schoharie Valley. More than half of the f Qjy surface of the town is occupied by lofty peaks and ridees. The village is north of the center of the township and is one of the prettiest in the Catskills. The Schoharie Creek flows through the village and at a short distance from the town it is joined by the West Kill. There are a number of interesting places in the locality. Deep Notch lies a few miles south: this "Clove" lies between Balsam Mountain and the H.^lcott Mountain, and is one of the finest of thp cloves found in the Catskills. Amone: the peaks here are Big w-pst Kill Mountain. St. Anne's Peak. No^-th Dome. Eagle Mountain, Blue Bell and Lion's Head. Bushnellville, Spruceton and West Kill are small hamlets in the township. Prattsville occupies the northwest corner PRATTS= of the county and is reached by stage from ■y'li i p Crqnd Gorge, Delaware County. It is one of '*LLt^ tV'^ most noted as well as pioturesaue of the Green County villages. The village and town were named after Colonel Zadok Pratt. For twenty-flve yesrs the Pratt tanneries at this place tanned 60,000 sides of sole leath- 60 Eagle Guide to the Catskills PRATT'S ROCKS er annually, consuming 6,000 cords of bark in the process. The hides were shipped from South America and were hauled from the Hudson to Prattsville and back, a distance of over fifty miles. During the Revolution the settlement was attacked by a party of Tories and Indians, led by a British officer. The inhabitants ral- lied and, after an exciting battle, defeated the invaders. Just east of the village and a few hundred feet above it are the celebrated "Pratt's PRATT'S ROCKS. PRATTSVILLE Rocks," which consist of a series of wonder- ful carvings, including a bust of Zadok Pratt, under which are the words, "Zadok Pratt, born Dec. 30, 1700." Near this is a view of the tannery, with the words, "One million sides of sole leather tanned with hem- lock bark in 20 years by Z. Pratt." A strik- ing bas relief bust of his son, Colonel George W. Pratt, cut from solid rock, appears near. Other carvings represent objects in which th© Pratts were interested. The family coat- of-armsr— a hemlock tree and the words, "Do Eagle Guide to the Catskills 61 well and doubt not." A carving of a horse, a scroll held in a hand, an uplifted arm hold- ing a hammer, and two wreaths surrounding the names of two children, are among the carvings. The region is noted for its picturesque lo- calities, the Devesego Ravine and Falls be- ing famous. The latter are below Prattsville and are magnificent, Prattsville has its annual fair, which, al- though it does not rival the Cairo fair in at- tendance, is quite as picturesque and unique. Red Falls is a picturesque mountain village, on the Schoharie, a few miles east of Pratts- ville. The Red Falls are the principal point of interest here. The resorts in Ul-ster County lie in the SOUTHERN Southern Catskill, along the Esopus. Ulster ^ ATQkril i c County originally embraced nearly all of ^"^ * ^'^'^^^ the region now known as the Catskills. The ULSTER scenery is equal to that of any section of COUNTY the region. A portion of it has been de- scribed under the designation of "river towns," Kingston, Lake Katrine and Sauger- ties all being in Ulster County. Within the county is found the highest peak of the Catskills, Slide Mountain, the State Deer Park, the beautiful Woodland Valley, the openings to the Plaaterkill Clove and the Stony Clove. This region has been famous for years and wa« a favorite resort long before the construction of the railroad, cater- ing to several thousand people. The Shan- daken Valley and the Big Indian Valley are both in Ulster County. Soon after leaving Kingston we reach WEST West Hurley, a picturesque little village, i-iijpi pv commanding a splendid view of the moun- **'-'*<•»-'»-''' tains. The village has two principal street®, one of which is quite pretty. The Overlook Mountain is directly north and Tonshi Moun- tain is about three miles northwest. Bast of the village, about two miles, is a small pond, known as the Binnewater Lake, from which a pretty little stream flows into the Eeopus. West Hurley is the railroad station for 62 Eagle Guide to the Catskills Woodstock, Bearsville, Shady and Lake Hill and the Overlook Mountain. Just below here is Stony Hollow, a rocky, picturesque region, noted for its bluestone quarries. There are several pretty boarding houses in the village that cater to summer pa- tronage. Glenford, a pretty hamlet, lies just south of Tonshi Mountain. WOOD= STOCK BEARS= VILLE SHADY The village of Woodstock is one of the prettiest of the Catskill Mountain villages, and one of the most popular. The locality presents a number of pretty views, looking toward the west are fertile lowlands, while to the north the Overlook Mountain looms up 2,650 feet above the village. Its highest point lying just northeast of the village, commencing at the Overlook and extending a little southwest, forming a background for the village. The Overlook Mountain House is in plain view from the village — 4 miles distant. The Sawkill Creek, flowing through the vil- lage, has many beautiful scenes in its course. Riseley's Glen, the Sawkill Falls and the Grove are ideal nooks. There is a splendid macadamized road passing through the village that makes au- tomobiling a pleasure, and innumerable pretty drives extend in every direction. Lewis Hollow, a depression on the north- east of the Overlook, lies a mile north of the village, and is worth visiting; a pretty creek with numerous rapids and tumbles adds greatly to the beauty of this Hollow. Bearsville lies a mile west of Woodstock, on the macadamized road. A road from here leads to Wittenburg, which lies on the south sied of Mount Tobias, and commands a good view of the valley. A small lake and the Little Beaver Kill are among the in- teresting places at Wittenburg. Shady is a picturesque hamlet with an appropriate name on the road from Bears- ville to Lake Hill, and is north of Bearsville. Eagle Guide to the Catskills 63 The road here winds along the course of the Sawkill and the mountains rise high above the bed of the creeli, which is lined with massive trees. A picturesque clove known as Shady Hollow extends from here directly north for a distance of four miles to the foot or Sugar i^oai Mouniain, in Greene County. There are a number of fertile farms in thici clove and many views that are worth seeing. Half way between here and Lake Hill P. O. is Cooper's Lake, a pretty body of water. Ample room for visitors will be found in the comfortable private houses here. Lake Hill is a small settlement five miles L^Kg from Woodstock, on the Beaver Kill and at the foot of Mount Tobias. The place is named nILL. from a pretty lake situated on the divide between the Beaver Kill and the Sawkill. This lake, known as Cooper's Lake, is one of the largest of the lakes in the region and has beautiful surroundings. There is a wealth of beautiful scenes in the locality and some famous trout streams. The celebrated Mink Hollow is near here and should be visited. This Hollow is four miles long and the mountains on both sides of the road are beautiful. A road leads from here to Beechford. Ihere are plenty of boarding places in the neighborhood. Brown's Station is a charming little ham- BROWN'S let, with some beautiful views of the moun- ^^a^j^.^^ tains. The section is a farming country and STATION. is dotted with pretty homes. A number of cottages have been erected and there are several large boarding houses. Winehills Falls are a mile and a half south of here. Brodhead's Bridge is two miles and High Point three. A good road extends to Shokan and there are many pretty walks. Brodheads Bridge is the first settlement opoH- on the Esopus after leaving Kingston. High t>*vUU- Point, over 3,000 feet in height, throws its HEADS shadow over the region and the path from BRIDGE. the station to the summit is a favorite 64 WEST SHOKAN SHOKAN. BOICE= VILLE. Eagle Guide to the Catskills jaunt. The Esopus here forms a very pretty island termed Pine Island, which is a favor- ite retreat. Bishops Falls, with its old mill is one of the famous bits of scenery in the locality, Winchells Falls is another pic- turesque place. Olive City is a small settlement on the banks of the Esopus, a mile below the sta- tion. Samsonville is a small hamlet seven miles from here on the south side of High Peak. West Shokan is the next point visited. It is a beautiful little village with one hotel and a dozen or more excellent boarding houses. This village has been called "the gateway to the Catskills," because it is here that we begin to see the high peaks when we enter the region by way of King- ston, High Point lies southwest of the village with a road leading to its foot. It is a fa- vorite jaunt with visitors. To the west lies the Wittenburg Chain with six peaks rising almost in a straight line, extending from northeast to southwest, as follows Peekamoose, Table Mountain, Lone Mountain, Cornell Mountain, Friday Mountain and the Wittenburg Mountain. Between Cornell Mountain and Friday Mountain may be seen Slide Mountain, the highest point in the Catskills. A road from West Shokan leads south- west, past the northern part of High Point, to Peekamoose Lake and the "Gulf," which is one of the wildest pieces of scenery found in the Catskills. Here at the headwaters of Rondout lies the lake and the clubhouse of the Peekamoose Fish- ing Club. Shokan lies east of West Shokan, the Esopus running between the two villages. It is a pretty little hamlet with several splendid boarding houses. Boiceville is a pretty hamlet three miles from Shokan. It lies in the valley between Wittemburg Mountain and the Ticetong Eagle Guide to the Catskills 65 Mountain. The Esopus flows through the hamlet and its banks present a number of pretty scenes. A couple of pretty boarding houses are located here. Cold Brook is a small gtation a short COLD distance further on; it receives its name po^^w^ from the cool waters of the brook flowing tSKUUK into the Esopus near here. The Little Beaver Kill flows into the Esopus at this point and there are many pretty ram'bles in the neighborhood. A mac- adamized road extends to Delaware County. Mount Pleasant is a small village on the ;v^()y|\f Esopus, the post oflice being designated ^s The Corner. Mount T'r^ - r. the highest PLEASANT point in this neighborhood, is easily reached and a beautiful view may be had from its summit. A number of small boarding houses and two large hotels cater to the summer trade. Longyear, a small settlement and post office, is a short distance from The Corner, on the road to Phoenicia. The corner is on the macadamized road and driving is one of the favorite amuse- ments. A picturesque road along the Beaver Kill leads to Lake Hill. There are two large hotels and several boarding houses. A macadamized road ex- tends from here to Delaware County. Phoenicia is located at the junction of the phap' main line of the U. & D. R. R. with the *^""^- Stony Clove Branch. The picturesque Stony NICIA Clove Creek joins the Esopus here and at times the two form one of the most turbu- lent streams in the mountains. Phoenicia is situated in the mountains and this is so literally true that people often wonder how they came here, as there is ap- parently no way for the egress of a railway train. Mount Romer, Mount Tremper, Sheri- dan Mountain, Garfield Mountain and the Stony Clove Mountain seem to completely in- close the village. Approach to the village (by rail) is made around the foot of the mountains in nearly a half circle, and once 66 Eagle Guide to the Catskills here the visitor is strucli with the inspiring surroundings. The village is one of the oldest of the summer resorts and previous to the open- ing of the Stony Clove Railroad was the greatest of the Catskill Resorts with the most famous hotel. The ^rend of travel for the past fifteen years has been to other sec- tions of the Catskills, and Phoenicia has suffered a loss of many of its best patrons. There are beautiful drives, macadamized roads and magnificent views in the neighbor- hood that still attract large crowds annually. The Station is also the railroad station for Woodland. A good road from here leads to the Kaaterskill through the Stony Clove. Chichesters is a small village along the Stony Clove, a short distance from here. WOOD= LAND VALLEY WOOD= LAND Woodland Valley lies south of Sheridan Mountain, the entrance to the valley being at a point a mile west of Phoenicia. The valley lies between Garfield and Panther Mountains on the west and Romer Mountain and Mount Pleasant on the east and ex- tends, from the foot of Cross Mountain, north for a distance of four miles. The Woodland Creek, Dougherty Brook and Pan- ther Kill are three pretty streams in the valley. Giants Ledge one of the wonders of the region is a palisade of rock 3,218 feet high and a mile long. High mountain peaks are found in every direction; among the highest are the Wittenburg Mountain, Cross Mountain, Mount Pleasant, Cornell Moun- tain and the Slide. The greater part of this region is owned by the state and is under the protection of the state forestry commis- sion. Woodland is a pretty hamlet, situated along the side of the mountain, from which a road leads through the mountains for a distance of six miles to Winnisook Lodge. A trail extends over Wittenberg and Cornell Moun- tains and west to Slide Mountain. There is a splendid hotel and a number of summer cottages in the region. Eagle Guide to the Catskills 67 Allaben is a small village in the Shandaken ALLABEN Valley, twenty-nine miles from Rondout. Garfield Mountain stands nearly south of the village and Sheridan Mountain east. There are numerous picturesque places in the neighborhood. The picturesque Broad street Hollow or Forest Valley, as it is some- times called, with its picturesque creek opens into the eastern part of the village. Fox Hollow extending to the south and Peck Hollow extending to the north open into the western part of the village. All three of these are wild picturesque localities that have pretty and interesting local legends connected with them. Paths lead to each lo- cality. T'he macadamized road passes through here. Where the Esopus is joined by the Bush SHAN= Kill and becomes a rapid stream is situat- pw ai^ciwj ed Shandaken, the Indian name for "Rapid LIAKbIN Water." The locality is rich in picturesque localities and the number of pretty drives that can be taken from here make it a favorite sojourning place with a large num- ber of people. A stage road leads along the Bush Kill through Bushnellville and West Kill, where there are a number of pretty houses, past Pine Island Mountaiu to Lexington. The road passes through Deep Hollow Gap. which is one of the most pic- turesque of the cloves. One of the prettiest trips in this section of the Catskills is a drive from 'nere through Deep Hollow Gap to West Kill and from there east to Spruceton and return through the Broad St. Hollow to Allaben and then follow the macadamized road to Shandaken. Another pretty drive is through the Big In- dian Valley to Winnisook Lodge, then take the road leading east until the Woodland Creek is reached; then follow the creek through the Woodland Valley to the mac- adamized road west of Phoenecia and return to the macadamized road through Allaben to Shandaken. 68 Eagle Guide to the CatskiUs BIQ Big Indian is thirty-four miles from King- INDIAN ^^°^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ station for the Big Indian Valley, which is noted as being the region having the highest peak of the Catskills, Slide Mountain. The name Big Indian was derived from one of the Mohawk Indians who was over seven feet in height and who was called the Big Indian. His name has been perpetuated by naming one of the high peaks here, Dig Indian. Esopus Creek, the principal stream of this section of the mountains, after rising at the foot of Slide DIEPER HOOK Mountain, flows north for nearly eight miles and near the station is joined by the waters of Birch Creek, which has drained the slopes of Summit Mountain and Rose Moun- tain, and they turn then toward the Hudson. The Big Indian Valley extends nearly north and south and lies between Panther Moun- tain on the east and Balsam, Eagle, Spruce Top and Hemlock Mountains on the weat to the foot of Slide Mountain. The entire re- gion is a series of beautiful mountain views, bordered at the base of the mountains by the crystal-like waters of the Esopus. Eagle Guide to the Catskills 69 Hardly has ono left the station and passed Balsam Mountain when we approach the picturesque Lost Clove beyond. Eagle Moun- tain and Big Indian loom up like three huge sentinels guarding the pase. As we ap- proach Big Indian we pass the charm'Ug little hamlet called Oliverea, whic'h is a fa- vorite summering place. We continue our journey and find ourselves at Slide Moun- tain. Here, within a radius of a few miles, we find the head waters of Rondout Creek, Esopus Creek, the Neversink and of a branch of the Delaware River. The state deer park is located here between the east and west branches of the Neversink. In the immediate locality are a dozen peaks HIGH over 3,000 feet in height, with Slide Mountain pp aktc more than 4,200 feet, towering above the r't:'-^^-^ rest. A path leads to the summit of Slide Mountain and from its summit may be seen over sixty of the Catskill peaks, as well as the Highlands of the Hudson and the Shaw- angunks. The valleys of the four streams rising in this region and their tributaries are also visible. A short distance from Slide Mountain there is a cottage settlement and the celebrated Winnisook Lodge club house and Lake. The locality here has innumerable trails to the different peaks and points of interest, but as the majority of these trails are through a wilderness, the visitor should not attempt to follow them without a competent guide, as there is danger of losing one's way, and once lost here it would be a difficult matter to find the way out of the region. Pine Hill is one of the largest and best PINE known of the Catskill Mountain resorts. It f-JlLL is located at the base of Belle Ayr Mountain, the station being perched upon the side of the mountain. The village is one of the oldest of the Catskill resorts and has a large num- ber of summer hotels that are famous. Birch Creek, a tributary of the Esopus, wends its way swiftly through the village. Summit Mountain lies a short distance from here and from it one can obtain a wonderful view of the mountains and valley. Looking toward Pine Hill one sees the beautiful Shan- 70 THE GRAND HOTEL HARDEN= BURG Eagle Guide to the Cat skills daken Valley, Slide Mountain, Balsam Moun- tain and Panther Mountain. Toward the north one sees a large portion of the beau- tiful Fleisehmann's Park, Griffin's Corners, and the Batavia Kill Valley. A magnificent macadamized road passes through the village and makes driving and automobiling a pleasure. The celebrated Horse Shoe curve, in the Ulster and Delav/are Railroad, is just above. Pine Hill, and passengers on the rear coaches can see the locomotive almost opposite and apparently coming toward the car. Just above the village, perched on the side of High Mount, is High Mount, the well- known cottage colony. This Park commands a magnificent view of the Shandaken Val- ley and the Delaware Valley. There are numerous drives to noted points of interest in the surrounding villages. A mile from Pine Hill and three miles by rail is the Grand Hotel, the largest of the hotels in the western Catskills, and one of the finest hotels in the state. The hotel is located on Monka Hill and commands some fine views of the surrounding country. A good trail leads to the top of Monka Hill, from which there is a fine view. "The Grand" is the center of social life in the western Catskills and hither come the coaching parties from the cottages in the surrounding villages to enjoy the hospitality of this noted house. The hotel lies on the line dividing Ulster and Delaware Counties. The township of Hardenburg occupies the southwestern corner of Ulster County, and is undoubtedly the most wildly picturesque part of the Catskills, and the most remote from civilization. Alder Lake, Beecher Lake, Balsam Lake, Furlough Lake, and Tunis Pond are beautiful sheets of water, located in the heart of the wildest part of the region. Balsam Round Top, Graham Mountain and Eagle Mountain are the highest points in the town. This is the region of the sturdy moun- f^ ' Eagle Guide to the Cat skills Mtaineer, and here he is found in all his Ifglory. There are numbers of people in this •ji sparsely settled region who have never seen |]a steamboat or a railway car. This may II seem an exag'geration but the writer knows pit to be a fact. An occasional New York *^i paper and the county papers keep the people iin touch with the world outside. As a Ashing ground this region has no jequai ia the Catskills; there is also an labundance of game. Several of the small O lakes have been purchased by individuals Mand form part of the estates in which their Jsummer homes are located. Furlough Lake, pone of these, is the property of Howard J. gGould. fe) Belle Ayr, Seager, Hardenburg Village and .^iTurnwood are small villages in the town, {*! access to which is by stage from Arkville, 'iDelaware County. 71 CHURCHILL. LAKE, STAMFORD 72 Eagle Guide to the Catskills THE WESTERN CATSKILLS Delaware County was formed in 1797 from Ulster and Otsego counties, the portion of the country lying east of the west branch of the Delaware being formerly a part of Ul- ster County. The surface is a hilly and mountainous upland divided into three gen- eral ridges by the valleys of the two branches of the Delaware River. The south- ern part has many lofty rocky peaks broken by wild ravines. In the north it is a beau- tiful hily upland. DELAWARE The main branch of the Delaware rises in COUNTY Utsayantha Lake, near Stamford, this branch called by the Indians, Cookquago, flows southwest. The east branch called the Pepachton rises in Roxbury and flows south- west uniting with the main branch at Hand- cock. Tlie early hietory of the county was a series of disputes over titles, that led to an anti-rent war that resulted in a riot in 1845, in which Deputy Sheriff Steele was killed. The Governor issued a proclamation placing the county under martial law and placed a battalion of 300 militia, half of whom Avere mounted, at the disposal of local officers, for several months. The scenery differs from the other parts of the Catskilli?. There are vast meadows, dotted with herds of prize cattle, and in- stead of a succession of large hotels, we pass the more modest farm house with its con- genial surroundings. Plenty of good, pure milk, fresh eggs and vegetables are plentiful. FLEISCH= MANN'S Fleischmanns is the first railroad station in Delaware County. It boasts of a beautiful park, built by the Fleischmann family and their friends. The settlement contains the finest residences to be found in the Cats- kills and its residents are enabled to enjoy their vacation without leaving their own grounds. The Fleischmanns are lovers of na- ture, and spend the greater part of their time in the open air. Horseback riding, coaching and automobiling are among their diversions and the loveri? of fine horses find a finer display of horseflesh here than at any Eagle Guide to the Cats kills other place in the Catskills. One of the pret- ties sights is the younger generation out for a morning canter. A well equipped riding school, where the youngsters are taught to ride; a swimming pool that can be heated to any temperature, and a magnificent gymnasium are among the attractions. Coaching parties to the sur- rounding villages and automobile tours vie in popularity with horseback riding. The most beautiful drive in the Catskills DRY is over the Dry Brook road. This road, four gooOK miles long, is a private road, and is not open to the public. It leads through the Fleisch- ROAD mann estate, along Fleischmann Mountain, 73 KAATERSKILL. FALLS 74 GRIFFIN'S CORNERS Eagle Guide to the Cats kills for a dii?tance of four miles, to a plateau, overlooking the Dry Brook Valley. Massive shade trees, whose boughs meet at their tops, prevent the sun from reaching the road line, its entire distance, while a series of views never to be forgotten, are seen through the entire trip. The road is as smooth as a macadamized road, and is sprinkled daily, so that there is no dust. The members of the Pleischmann family are hospitable and are willing to admit vis- itors to the grounds and buildings. Visitors should remember, however, that this is a pri- vate estate and that admittance does not include the right to pluck flowers, deface benches or peer into private cottages. Griffin's Corners is the old village and is a short distance from the station. Before the advent of the railroad it was the end of the first day's stage trip on the old Rondout and Delhi Line. It is the center for a rich dairying region and is popular as a summer resort. A road from here leads to Halcott and a road south to Balsam Mountain. There is a famous ball club here and an excellent diamond, hence G-riffln's Corners is the center of baseball in the western Catskills. The games attract crowds from Pine Hill, The Grand Hotel, Mayent- ville and Arkville, which are all near by. Emory Brook, Valley Kill and Red Kill are famous trout streams that are well stocked. An automobile stage run 3 to and from Fleischmanns. ARKVILLE Arkville is a small hamlet, forty-five miles from Kingston, on the Bush Kill. It is situ- ated near the site of the old Indian village of Pa-ka-tagh-kan. At a short di tance along the Bush Kill are the hamlets of Soli- tude and Cloversville. Arkville is an im- portant station, as it is the raiioad station for the territory along the East Branch of the Delaware River, including Margaretville, Dunraven, Arena, Grant's Mills, Andes, Lake Delaware, Delhi, Union Grove, Shavertown, Pepacton and Downsville. Near the old site of Pa-ka-tagh-kan is a cave, wit]j a number Eagle Guide to the Catskills 75 of undecipherable heiroglyphics carved on its inner walls, that is visited by many curi- osity seekers. Furlough Lodge, the magnificent estate of FURLOUGH Howard J. Gould, is some miles from here, , /-vnpp in the Dry Brook region. Furlough Lake, Lv>LiUt, a portion of this estate, is one of the pret- tiest of the Catskill Mountain Lakes. VILLE Margaretville is situated one and a half MARQARET= miles from Arkville. on the west slope of Pa-ka-tagh-ken Mountain, commanding a magnificent view of the Delaware Valley, From its summit may be seen a beautiful sur- rounding country through both the Delaware and Dry Brook Valleys. "Within a few miles are Furlough Lake, Mud Lake, Perch Lake, Balsam Lake. Tunis Lake, Beecher Lake, Eig Pond, Alder Lake, Landon Lake and Wamsley Lake, all small but picturesque sheets of water. BS^^ L Hp^n ^"^^■H THE GOULD MEMORIAL CHURCH. ROXBURY 76 Eagle Guide to the Catskills ROXBURY Roxbury is one of the quaint but charming villages that appeal to many people. It was settled by emigrants from Connecticut, and named from Roxbury, Conn. It was the birthplace of America's most noted financier. Jay Gould, and is the summer home of Amer- ica's most noble woman — Miss Helen Miller Gould. "Kirkside," the summer home of Miss Gould, is located in the heart of the village, and Miss Gould spends a portion of each season here, to the great delight of the residents. She is an enthusiastic lover of nature, and may be seen daily taking auto- mobile trips to the surrounding villages. The Gould Memorial Church adjoins Kirk- side, and is one of the sights of the region. The village presents a picturesque appear- ance, with its beautiful shade trees and well kept lawns. There are many points of in- terest in the locality, and a number of fine boarding houses. The sap from the vast old maples here is utilized in sugar-making, and the maple sugar made here is famous for its quality. GRAND GORGE Between the Moresville Range and Irish Mountain there is the remarkable "Grard Gorge," and this name has been given to the hamlet, formerly known as Moresville, lying northeast of the gorge. It was settled in 1786 by John More, a sturdy Scot. The region is a rich dairying country with one or two hotels. There are many pictur- esque scenes of Interest in the immediate vicinity and a number of good roads leading to pretty surrounding hamlets. The stages from Prattsville and from Gilboa meet the trains here daily except Sunday. More Set- tlement is a small hamlet south of here, near the railroad. GILBOA Gilboa is in Schoharie County, but Is reached by way of Grand Gorge. It is a small hamlet on Schoharie Creek and lies three and a half miles from the railroad. It has several pretty boarding houses, a hotel and a number of waterfalls in its vicinity, including Manor Kill Falls, Devesego Falls, Eagle Guide to the Catskills 77 Mattice Falls and Gilboa Falls. There are many pretty drives In the vicinity. Stamford is without exception the most STAMFORD beautiful of the Catskill villages and the largest of the resorts in the Western Cats- kills, The village is seventy-two miles from Kingston on the northwest slopes of Church- ill and Utsayantha mountains, at an eleva- tion of 1,800 feet. "Queen of the Catskills" is the name be- stowed upon this charming resort and the name is a well deserved one. The people here are progressive and enterprising and take considerable pride in their village. As a result we find electric lights, perfect sewer- age, a fine system of water-works, broad streets with fine flag walks, lined with mag- nificent trees. Beautiful lawns and com- fortable homes vie with the hotels in at- tractiveness and please the eye. The scenery about is varied; to the west is a well cultivated upland, to the southwest the beautiful Delaware Valley. East of the IN CHURCHILL. PARK. STAMFORD 78 UTSAY= ANTHA OBSERVA= TORY MODERN CONVENI ENCES. Eagle Guide to the Catskills village are a series of mountains lying nearly north and south, commencing with Potter Hill on the north, and including in order Mine Hill, Bald Hill and Utsayantha Moun- tain, the first three being in Schoharie County. Churchill Mountain lies a little southwest of Utsayantha and completes the chain. An observatory 50 feet high is lo- cated on Utsayantha Mountain, from which may be seen fifty of the peaks of the Cats- kills, and 20,000 square miles of scenery, in- cluding the Adirondacks, Green Mountains and the Berkshires, as well as the cities of Albany and Schenectady. The roads are excellent and there are dozens of points that may be utilized for drives, among which are Rox'bury, Grand Gorge, Hobart, Utsayantha Mountain, Utsay- antha Lake, Gilboa, Mayhem Pond, Jefferson and South Jefferson. The Stamford Reservoir is a beautiful pond two and a half miles north of the village, on the west side of Mine Hill. Utsayantha Lake is a mile north of the village and is very pretty. The Churchill Lakes are two miniature lakes in Churchill Park, which is on the edge of the village at the head of Main street, and is one of the handsomest parks in the entire Catskills. The Rexmere lies in the park and is second to none of the large hotels. The Utsayantha Golf Links are also in Churchill Park. This course is the most fa- mous of the Catskill Mountain courses and attracts large numbers to the region for the annual contests. There is a national bank, a public library, two thriving newspapers, excellent tele- graph and telephone communication, churches of all denominations and the town receives several daily mails. Jefferson, South Jefferson, Gilboa, South Gilboa and Ruth are pretty hamlets in the vicinity. Hobart is a charming hamlet four miles from Stamford, with several hotels and boarding houses. It was settled by Dr. Eagle Guide to the Catskills 79 Stewart and John and Alexander Moore from HOBART Scotland in 1773. The first pastor of the Protestant Episcopal Church, the Rev. Phil- ander Chase, afterward became bishop of Ohio and Illinois. Lake Odell, a beautiful sheet of water, is near here and there is also a picturesque falls here. Lake Brook, the outlet of Lake Odell, Town Brook, and Floral Valley Creek, join the Delaware nearby. Floral Valley is one of the most pictur- esque regions in Delaware County. It takes its name from the profusion of wild flowers in the region. Miles. Fare. STAOF Saugerties-Centreville 3 .25 nr^iinrcc Fawns 5 .35 KOU 1 fcS West Saugerties 7 .nO Platte Clove 9 .75 Elka Park 12 $1.50 Glasco 2 .25 Quarryville 5 .25 Palenville 7 .50 Catskill— Kiskatom 5 .25 Palenville 10 .50 Haines Falls 13 1.00 Leeds 3 .15 South Cairo 8 .25 Cairo 10 .50 Coxaackio— Greenville 11 1.00 Medway 7 .50 Urlton 7 .oO Result 7 .50 Norton Hill 16 1.50 Cairo— Oak Hill 11 .50 Durham 12 .50 East Durham 7 .50 South Durham 6 .50 East Windham 10 1.00 Hensonville 15 1.5(j Windham 15 1.50 Union Society 13 1.00 Acra 3 .25 Freehold 5 .25 Hunter— Lexington 9 1.00 Hensonville 7 .75 Windham 9 1.00 Jewett 9 1.00 Ashland 14 1.26 West Hurley— Woodstock 5 .25 Mead's 8 1.00 Overlook 9 1.25 Bearsville 7 .35 Shady 8 .40 Lake Hill 10 .50 ShanCaken— Lexington 11 1.00 80 Eagle Guide to the Catskills Miles. Bushnellville 3 West Kill 7 Big Indian— Oliverea IVz Slide Mt 5 Winnisook Lodge 8% Arkville— Margeretville 2 Grand Gorge— Pratt&ville 5 Gilboa 41/2 Stamford— South Jefferson 3 Jefferson 7 Fare. .35 .50 .75 .15 .50 .40 .25 .50 Bxcursion Rates from New York. By Rail. Hudson Evening River Line Day Line. Boats. Allaben $5.05 ArkvDle 6.00 Ath€us 4.56 Big Indian 5.30 Boiceville 4.40 Brown's Station 4.05 Cairo 5.75 Catskill 4.36 Chichesters 4.85 Coxsackie 4.84 Edgewood 5. 25 Pleischmann's 5.75 Grand Gorge 7.05 Grand Hotel 5.60 Haineg Falls 5.50 Hobart 7.75 Hunter 5.50 Kaaterskill 5.50 Lawrenceville 5.35 Otis Summit 5.50 Maiden 4.06 Palenville 5.75 Phoenicia 4.75 Pine Hill 5.55 Roxbury 6.65 Saugerties 3.92 Shandaken 5.05 Shokan 4.25 South Cairo 4.95 Tannersville 5.50 West Camp 4. 10 We.stt Hurley 3.65 $4.25 5.20 3.50 4.50 3.80 3.20 4.75 2.75 4.05 4.40 4.95 6.30 4.75 4.85 6.95 4.85 4.85 4.35 4.85 4! 75 3.95 4.65 5.85 4.' 30 3.45 3.95 4.85 2^85 $3.20 4.15 2.25 3.45 2.15 2.35 4.25 2.25 3.00 2.25 3.35 3.90 5.15 3.75 4.25 5.90 3.80 3.70 3.80 4.25 2.25 4.25 2.90 3.60 4.80 1.75 3.25 2.40 3.45 4.25 2.25 1.80 EJlevation of Catskill Mt. Peaks. (United States Geological Survey.) Mountain and nearest settlement. Altitude. Acra Point, Acra 3,085 Big Indian, Oliverea 3,721 Balsam Mt., Oliverea 3.723 Eagle Guide to the Catskills Mountain and nearest settlement. Altitude. Belle Ayr, Pine Hill 3,405 Burnt Knob, Big Hollow 3,160 Black Dome, Big Holiow 3,990 Black Head, Big Hollow 3,937 Bloomberg, Pratts\'ille 3,200 Balsam Mt., West Kill 3,565 Bald Hill, Stamford 2,778 Colonel's Chair, Hunter 3,000 Cornell, West Shokan 3,906 Churchill, Stamford 3,213 Cave, Jewett 3,035 Double Top Mt., Seager 3,905—3,875 EJvergreen, Spruceton 3,531 Eagle, Seager 3,700 Fleischmann's, Fleischmann's 2,944 Fir, Slide Mt 3, 619 Giant's Ledge, Woodland 3,218 Graham, Seager 3,890 Ginseng, East Windham 3,790 Garfield, Phoenicia 2,532 Hemlock, Slide Mt 3,264 Hunterfield. Ashland 3,450 Halcott, Bu^ihnellville 3,537 Hunter, Hunter 4,025 High Peak, Haines Falls 3,660 81 KIRKSIDE^(SUMMElR HOME OF MISS HELEN MILLER GOULD, ROXBURY. N. Y.) 83 Eagle Guide to the Catskills Mountain and nearest settlement. Altitude. High Peak, Windham 3,505 Hayden, East Windham 2,930 Indian Head, Platte Clove 3,585 Kettle Hill, Margaretville 2,211 McGregror, Grand Gorge 3,253 Mine Hill, Stamford 2.820 North Dome, Sprueeton 3,593 North Mt., Catskill Mt. House 3,000 Overlook, Woodstock 3,150 Pleasant, Mt. Pleasant 2,900 Plattekill. Arkville 3,250 Panther, Woodland 3,760 Fisgah, West Durham 2,885 Pai-ker, Tannersville 3,205 Platterkill. Platte Clove 3,125 Plateau, Elka Park 3,855 Round Top, Haines Falls 3,470 Hound Top. Prattsville 3,448 Rusk, Hunter 3,680 Rose, Pine Hill 3,123 Richmond. Windham 3,213 Red, Roxbury 2,800 Spruce, Slide Mt 3,380 Slide, Slide Mt. (Guyot) 4,205 Stoppel, Daurel House 4,425 Sheridan, Phoenicia 2,207 Star Rock, Onteora Park 2,515 Sugar Loaf, Platte Clove 3,782 Tower, Lexington 2,920 Tremper, Pheonicia 2,740 Tobias, Lake Hill 2,540 Thomas Cole, Big Hollow 3,935 Twin MtP 3,647—3,476 Utsayantha. Stamford 3,213 Vly, Walcott Centre 3,476 West Kill, Spruceton 3,925 Wittenberg. Boiceville 3,802 Mt. Zoar, East Windham 2,630 Elevation of Villages in the Catskills. Miles from Eileva- Village and R. R. station. R.R. station. tion. Acra, Cairo 5 775 Allaben, Allaben 1,000 Arkville, Arkville 1,344 Ashland, Hunter 10 1,450 Athens. West Athens 1 30O Biff Indian, Big Indian 1,210 Boiceville, Boiceville 598 Brodheads, Boiceville 500 Brown's Stat 'on, Brown's Station.. .. 525 Bushnellville, Shandaken 3 1,100 Cairo, Cairo 80O Catskill, Catskill 300 Chichester, Chichester 850 Coxsackie, Coxsackie 400 Durham. Cairo 10 900 East Durham, Cairo 8 750 East Windham, Cairo 10 2,000 Eagle Guide to the Cats kills Miles from Eleva- Village and R. R. station. R.R. station. tion. Edgewood, Edgewood 1,782 Fleischmann's, Fleischmann's 1,500 Freetio-ld, Cairo 5 700 Gayhead, South Cairo 4 615 Gilboa, Grand Gorge Wz 1.60O Glasco, Saugerties 2 400 Grand Gorge, Grand Gorge 1,566 Grand Hotel Sta., Grand Hotel Sta. .. 1,866 Griffen's Corners, Fleischmann's .. 1 1,400 Hainea Fulls, Haines Falls 2,000 Hcusonville, Hunter 7 1,646 Hobart, Hobart 1,637 Hunter, Hunter 1,600 Jewett, Hunter 7 1,810 Kaaterskill, Kaaterskill and Ous Summit 2,141 Ki.skatom, Catskill 5 1,500 Leeda, Leeds 600 Lexington, Hunter 8 1,320 Margaretville. Arkville 2 ' 1,325 Oliverea, Big Indian 2 1,800 Palenville, Palenville 680 Phoenicia, Phoenicia 800 Pine Hill, Pine Hill 1,700 Platte Clove, Saugerties 9 2,000 Prattsville, Grand Gorge 5 1,664 Purling, Cairo 1 800 Roxbury, Roxbury 1,500 Saugerties, Saugerties 500 Shandaken, Shandaken 1,060 Shokan. Shokan 533 Slide Mt., Big Indian 5 2,000 South Durham, Cairo 5 970 Stamford, Stamford 1,800 Tannersville, Tannersville 1,926 The Corner, Mt. Pleasant 800 West Hurley, West Hurley 530 West Saugerties, Saugerties 6 600 Windham, Hunter S 1,510 Woodland, Phoenicia 4 80O Woodstock, West Hurley 5 594 Maple Lateffi OPENS MAY J St FOR THE SEASON 1,500 Feci Elevation on the CATSKILL MOUNTAINS, 4 MILES FROM CAIRO VILLAGE, among High Peaks, with the Picturesque Hudson Valley beneath. SHADED BY MAPLES A 90 acre farm supplies the table with fresh milk and vegetables Tlates : ^7.00 io ^12.00 per tufeek _for July and Au^uJii ; May, June and Sep- tember, ^6.00 io ^8,00 Reached from New York by Railroad or Steamboat to Catskill, by Catskill Mountain Railroad to Cairo. Further information on application. A. J. LOCKE, Proprietor, Cairo, N. Y. Long Distance Telephone, No. 44 Cairo New York Office, Hotel Churchill, Broadway and 14th St. QUEEN OF THE CATSKILLS. S tamford, N. Y. IDEAL SUMMER RESORT. Elevation 1,800 feet. CLIMATE DRY, COOL, FREE FROM FOGS, MOSQUITOES AND MALARIA. \A^ATER system, costing $45,000, supplied by ^ ^ pure, sparkling mountain springs. Streets and hotels electric lighted. Sewerage system com- plete. Five miles flagwalk. Amusements, golf, bowling, tennis, boating. Beautiful scenery on every side, intersected by shaded walks and drives. Lake and mountain streams for the angler. A FEW OF THE LEADING HOTELS No. of Guests Prop. Rexmere, ") 150 Churchill Hall. I 300 S. E. Churchill Hotel Hamilton, ) 50 New Grant House, 100 Owen C. Becker S""^^ ^,°,^,''* ^""' 75 S. I. Brown Kendall Place. 60 G. W. Kendall The Madison. 50 A. C. Van Dyke The Westholm, 45 Mrs. W. M. Beckley Atchinson House. 45 W. D Atchinson Far View House. 30 Geo. H. Hager For booklets or further information address any of the above pioprietors. 75he 'REXME'RE STAMFO'R'D, A. >^. THE REXMERE will open June 28th. 1005. It is newaud with modern equipment is the most complete summer hotel in the Catskills. An ideal location in Churchill Park, with walks, drives, lakes and woods. Grounds connect with stone walks of the village. A fine golf course is on the Rexmere Grounds. Chxirchill Hall The largest hotel in Stamford with the most central and convenient location. Capacity 300. Electric lights, steam heat, music hall, library, rooms with bath. Orchestra in attendance. Summer sea- son, May 27th, to October 1st. Elevation of Stamford, 1,800 feet. A dry and healthful climate. New fast train service via West Shore and Ulster & Delaware Raih roads. Time reduced to 4)4 hours from New York. Apply to Edw, Griffith. Manager, 3 Park Place, New York. Telephone, 6050 Cortlandt. Hotel Hamtlfon OTEJV ALL THE ^EAK. Equipped with electric lijrht. steam heat and bath rooms S, E. CHURCHILL. M. D., Stamford, N. Y. o Q < S 'c.5 h o • c (dCQ "1 >* c •;3'0 SO C 12 (0 o « = C M O I & O U as K X (d H 2 c^^ a >* p When you go to Cairo or vicinity HAVE BRUCE BALDWIN Meet you at the Depot with a Rig "^e^i LinJery Ser*oice, Lowest *Kate^ Careful 'Dri'Vers, Fine Turnouts When you want N. Y. papers order of Baldwin by 'phone "Brtice Batdte^in, Cairo, J>f. y. XVhen you Are in CaUKjll Buy your Pens, Ink, Stationery and Souvenir Postals of :: :: H U Y C K When you want Daily Papers delivered, tele- phone your order to JOHN HUYCK MAIN STREET (Between the banks) CATSKILL. N. Y. IF YOU HAVE A COTTAGE IN THE CATSKILLS YOU WILL WANT TO FURNISH IT WITH ARTISTIC FURNITURE FOR THE PAST SEVENTEEN YEARS, WE HAVE SUPPLIED MOST OF THE PARK COTTAGES AND THE INNS WITH FUR- NITURE. NOT THE ORDINARY STUFF, BUT QUAINT, ARTISTIC ARTICLES, MADE FROM ORIGINAL DESIGNS AND AT MODERATE PRICES. ESTIMATES CHEERFULLY GIVEN. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. GREGORY & BARNES, Kingston J. Frank Lackey Robert E. Lackey J. r. LACKEY & BPO. Successors to LACKEY & RAENSCH TANNCPSVILLI:, N. Y. Ceadii}? (Jrocers \v) \:\)e Eomjt) of JHti^ti^r Supplying Elka, Onteora, Twilight, Santa Cruz and Sunset Parks :: :: A Choice Line of the Best Goods at Moderate Prices :: :: :: :: Sole Agents for the ramous "White ROSC TOOCl PrOClUCtS " We also carry a full line of Toys, Books and Stationery New York Daily Papers DE=LIQHTFUL sail on the Beautiful Hudson EVENING or DAYLIGHT VIA Saugertles Line steamers ULSTER ^"** IDA ^^"^'"g ^^ Hyde Park, Rhinecliffe, Barrytown, Ulster Landing, Tivoli and S'U^erties I/eave NilSW YORK, Pier 43, North River, South Side of Christopher Street, every week-day at 6.00 p.m. I^eave SAUGBRTIES, Daily and Sundays, except Saturdays, at 6.00 p. tn. See Special Trips below Special Trips FARE, SI. 00. EXCURSION TICKETS, $1 .75 BERTHS, 25c. ROOMS, $1.00 fFrom July ist to Sept. 2d inclusive, will If-ave New j York Saturdays at i.oo p. m. and on July ist and Sept. 2d at 1. 00 and 6.00 p. m. Boats will leave Saug-erties on July 4th and Septem- ber 4th. at 6. 00 p. ni. and 8.00 p. m. From July 9th to September 3d inclusive, the Sunday night boat will leave SatigertifS at 7.00 p. m. On and after September Toth. boats will resume their regular trips to end of season. Special attention given to care of hor es and carriages. Arrangements can be m\de for single, double and four-in-hand conveyances to the various Mountain Houses. Also any information in regard to Boardirg Houses in the Catskills will be gladly furnished by applying at the boat or to D. N. FINGER, General Agent, Saugerties, N. Y. New York Telephone, 3947-B Spring. find Out all Jtbout a j^esort before Starting The tagle Information Bureau can tell all the essen- tial points of any boarding house or hotel in the Cats- kills, at no cost whatever to you Send or call for a Free Copy of the Sag leJiesort director t/ J 905 Edition ready June 11 The Maxwell House SAUGERTIES. N. Y. Entirely J^e^ Management Hotel Open Rntire year Special inducements to Summer Boarders. The Hotel has excellent rooms, is near the river and is in the heart of the village, commanding a beautiful view of the Mountains. Fishing and Boating near. Cuisine Unexcelled Rates from $7 to $14 Weekly. TraLnsient from $2.00 to $2.50 Daily. T. F, 'BK.IJVJV - Proprietor I ^-^»/ III I r* o 4- Elevation 1,936 feet. Especially design- LyJ/^ I I Ij I O I ed as a superior summer hotel; lo- cation and scenic beauty unsurpassed ; HQJRCS' [~Q|IS, N. Y. sanitary improvements; hot and cold water, baths ; large verandas ; open fireplaces ; beds with woven wire springs ; all the comforts of home. Sixty guests. No Hebrews. C. A^. IVIARTIISr, f>ROI»RIETOR If you wish to Buy or Sell Anything Whatsover you get immediate results through the Classified Advertising Columns The Brooklyn Eagle CThe Eagle is read by prosperous peo- ple throughout a section of New York City embracing a population of 1,500,000 IF YOU GO TO THE CATSKILLS GO TO THE Sumtnit Hill Hou^e Family and Transit Hotel, CATSKILL. N. Y. The highv st point in this locality. Commanding a picturesque view of the Berkshire Hills, Mass.; Green Mountains, Vermont ; and the New Hatnpshire Moun- tains. Pine grove alongside of Hotel. Sanitary im- provementss, bath, hot and cold water. Farm of 74 acres. Music. Dancing. No Mosquitoes. Livery at- tached. The most popularhotel amongtheyounger set. Milton H. Becker, Prop. Fred. J. Becker, Mgr. Tti6 Gatsklll National Bank Cor. Main and Bridge Sts., Catskill, N. Y. MEMBER OF AMERICAN BANKERS' ASSOCIATION A BANK for thrifty men and women who appreciate strength and conservative management. A BANK for depositors and patrons who need advice and assistance. A BANK able to serve you abroad as well as at home. The Foreign Department has every facility for sending money all over the world, safely and quickly, at a trifling expense. Letters of Credit and Travelers' Checks, Our In-Oejiorj' "Deparimeni is complete. See us about it. Idle trust or private funds may be deposited in its Home Interest Department at a liberal rate of interest. Deposits accepted in person or by mail. FREE BOOKLET TELLS HOW TO BANK BY MAIL HBA^T OF THE CATSK.ILLS THE RINES, Wiridlnarn., rsl. Y. I6th Season. Elevation 1,800. Capacity 125. Gas, Baths, Sprinj? Water, Superb Cuisine. Terms: June, $6 to $7; July, %7 to ^8 ; August, S8 to $13. Send for Booklet. W. J. SOPER, Proprietor. LEXINGTON, N.Y. O'HARA HOUSE Lexington, Greene Co., New York JWENTY-NINTH SEASON. Accommodates 125 gfuests. Largest and leading house in this— the most beautiful, healthful and attractive spot among the mountains — situated in the very centre of ail principal points of attraction. Farm of 250 acres with farm house and dairy. Golf, boating, bathing, bowling and billiards. Send for circular. B. O'HARA'S SON, Manager lyM 3 1905 THE DIRECT AND FAVOR.ITE R.OUTE TO THE CATSKILL MOUNTAINS .* ^ Caf^KJtl Mountain, Otis and CatsKtlt (^ Tanners- *Ville 'Railtejays CLOSE connections at Catskill-on-the-Hudson with Hudson River Day Line Steamers, Catskill Even- ing Line Steamers and the fast express trains of the New York Central and West Shore Railroads make this picturesque route the most desirable for Otis Summit (Catskill Mountain House and Hotel Kaaterskill), Laurel House, The Antlers, Haines Corners (Twilight, Sunset and Santa Cruz Parks) and Tannersville (Onteora and Elka Parks, Schoharie Manor), It is also the only route for Leeds, South Cairo, Cairo, Lawrence- ville and Palenville. ; Purchase through tickets and have baggage checked to destination. At Cairo stages connect dail^-, except Sunda3'S, for Acra, South Durham, East Windham, Union Societ3', Hensonville, Windham, Ashland, Prattsville, Freehold, East Durham, Oak Hill, Durham, Cooksburgh, Preston Hollow and Potter's Hollow^. Time-tables, rates offave and other infortrfation ^furnished on application C. A. BEACH J. L. DRISCOLL Gen'l Supt. C M. Ry. Supt. O. and C. ®. T. Rys. T. E. JONES Gen'l Passenger Agent, C. M. Ry. CATSK.ILL, jsr. y^. EAGLE PRESS, BROOKLYN, N. T. ^'^ ■^ c .n 1/7/ M^A LIBRARY OF CONGRESS iiiinpii