Glass _2 A Book -JC*]— Copyright N°_ COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. STUDIES English History PREPARED FOR THE USE OF HIGH SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES D. C. KNOWLTON, Ph.D. Instructor in history montclair high school, montclair, n. j. REVISED EDITION PUBLISHED BY THE ITHACA HIGH SCHOOL, I906 LIBRARY of CONGRESS Two Copies Received OCT 30 1906 j, Copyrleht Entry CLASS A XXC.. No. COPY B. ^A Copyright, 1903 and 1906, by D. c. KNOWI/TON PRESS OF ANDRUS & CHURCH ITHACA, N. Y. PREFACE. These studies were first prepared three years ago, and have proven an excellent means of imparting the facts of history and stimulating students to further reading. An effort has been made to adapt them to the needs of both elementary and advanced classes. Several books have been added to the bibliography, and among these four of the most recent text-books on the subject. Suggestions for map work, and over five hundred questions, selected from the Regents' examination papers of New York and the en- trance examinations of the leading colleges and universities have also been included. The latter will, it is hoped, assist in preparing the student for such examinations, and furnish material for quizzes and for written work in the class. They also give the student a clue to the sort of information he should bring to the recitation, after a careful study of the topics. This book is not designed to take the place of the text-book, but to supplement it and enable the student to select and assimilate the essential facts of English history. Experience has shown the need of some such device, espec- ially in view of the crowded condition of the secondary cur- riculum. BIBLIOGRAPHY. ATLASES, GEOGRAPHIES, DICTIONARIES, ETC. Creasy, E. S. Fifteen decisive battles of the world from Marathon to Waterloo. (Cited as Creasy.) A. L. Burt Co Gardiner, S. R., Editor. School Atlas of English History : a companion atlas to the "Stu- dent's History of England," by S. R. Gardiner. New edition. London and New York, 1895. Longmans, Green & Co. Geikie, Archibald. Elementary Geography of the British Isles. London and New York, 1S88. Macmillan Co. Green, J. R., and Green, A. S. Short Geography of the British Islands. London, 1884. Macmillan Co. Labberton, R. H. Historical Atlas. 3800 B.C. to 1886 A. D. 15th edition. New York, Boston and Chicago, 1891. (Cited as Labberton.) Silver, Burdett & Co. Low, S. J., and Pulling, F. S. Dictionary of English History. Revised edition. London, Paris and Melbourne, 1897. Cassell & Co. PUTZGERS, F. W. Historischer Schul-Atlas zur alten, mittleren und neuen Geschichte, bearbeitet und herausgegeben von Alfred Baldamus und Ernst Schwabe. Bielefeld und Leipzig, 1902. Lemcke & Buechner, New York. GENERAL HISTORIES. Andrews, C. M. History of England. Boston, 1903. (Cited as Andrews.) Allyn & Bacon. Bright, J. F. History of England, 449-1880. 4 vols. London, 1880-1888. Rivingtons. Cheyney, E. P. Short History of England. Boston, New York, Chicago and London, 1904. ( Cited as Cheyney. ) Ginn & Co. *Colby, C. W., Editor. Selections from the sources of Euglish History, being a supplement to text-books of English History, B.C. 55-A.D. 1832. 2nd edition. London, New York and Bombay, 1899. (Cited as Colby.) Long- mans, Green & Co. * Source material. — 6 — Coman, Katharine and Kendall, Elizabeth K. History of England for high schools and academies. New York and London, 1900. (Cited as C. & K.) Macmillan Co. Gardiner, S. R. Student's History of England from the earliest times to 1885. New impression. London, New York and Bombay, 1900. (Cited as Gard.) Longmans, Green & Co. Green, J. R. Short History of the English People. Illustrated edition, edited by Mrs. J. R. Green and Miss Kate Norgate. 4 vols. New York, 1S95. (Cited as Green. ) Harper & Bros. *Kendall, E. K., Editor. Source-book of English History for the use of schools and readers. New York and London, 1900. (Cited as Kendall.) Macmillan Co. Larned, J. N. History for Ready Reference. 5 vo's. Springfield, Mass., 1895. C. A. Nichols Co. Larned, J. N. History of England for the use of schools and academies. Boston, New York and Chicago, 1900. (Cited as Larned.) Houghton, Mifflin &Co. *LEE, G. C , Editor. Source-book of English History : leading documents, together with illustrative material from contemporary writers and 1 bibliography of sources. 2nd edition. New York, 1905. (Cited as Lee.) Henry Holt & Co. Montgomery, D. H. Leading Facts of English History. Boston, 1901. (Cited as Mont.) Ginn & Co. Oman, Charles. History of England. New York, 1898. (Cited as Oman.) Henry Holt & Co. Smith, Goldwin. The United Kingdom : A Political History. 2 vols. New York and London, 1899. (Cited as Smith. ) Macmillan Co. Traill, H. D., Editor. Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and man. ners, from the earliest times to the present day, by various writers. 6 vols. New York and London, 1898-99. (Cited as Traill. ) G. P. Putnam's Sons. Walker, A. P. Essentials in English History (from the earliest records to the present day). New York, Cincinnati and Chicago, 1905. (Cited as Walker. ) American Book Co. Wrong, G. M. British Nation : A History. New York, 1903. (Cited as Wrong.) D. Appleton & Co. CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORIES. *Adams, G. B., and Stephens, H. M., Editors. Select Documents of English Constitutional History. New York and London, 1902. (Cited as Documents. ) Macmillan Co. *01d South Leaflets. 4 vols. Nos. 1-100. Boston. 11. d. Feilden, H. St. Clair. A Short Constitutional History of England. 3d edition. Revised and in part re- written by W. G. Etheridge. Boston, 1895. (Cited as Feilden.) Ginn & Co. Hallam, H. Constitutional History of England, from the Accession of Henry VII to the Death of George II. Adapted to the use of students by William Smith. Student's series. New York, 1S96. (Cited as Hallam.) Harper & Bros. May, Sir Thomas E. Constitutional History of England since the Accession of George the Third, 1760-1860, with a new supplementary chapter, 1S61-1871. 2 vols. New York, 1895. (Cited as May.) A. C. Armstrong & Son. Montague, F. C. Elements of English Constitutional History from the earliest times to the present day. New edition. London and New York, 1894. (Cited as Montague.) Longman?, Green & Co. Stubbs, William. Constitutional History of England in its Origin and Development. 4th edition. 3 vols. Oxford, 1896. Clarendon Press. Taswell-Langmead, T. P. English Constitutional History from the Teutonic Conquest to the present time. 3d edition. Revised by C. H. E. Carmichael. Lon- don and Boston, 18S6. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. BOOKS DEALING WITH SPECIAL PERIODS. (a) Caesar to Accession of Henry II. Freeman, E. A. Short History of the Norman Conquest of England. 3d edition. Oxford, 1 901. Macmillan Co. Freeman, E. A. William the Conqueror. Twelve English Statesmen Series. Lon- don and New York, 1894. Macmillan Co. Hughes, Thomas. Alfred the Great. New edition. London, 1874. Macmillan Co. Macfadyen, Dugald. Alfred the West Saxon, King of the English. London and New York, 1901. E. P. Dutton & Co. Pauli, R. Life of Alfred the Great, translated from the German by B. Thorpe. London and New York, 1893. Geo. Bell & Sons. Robertson, C. G. Making ©f the English Nation (B.C. 55-1135 A.D. ) Oxford Manu- als of English History. New York, 1S96. (Cited as Robertson.) Chas. Scribner's Sons. (b) Plantag-enet Kings. *Ashley, W. J M Editor. Edward III and his Wars, 1327-1360. English history by contem- porary writers. London, 18S7. G. P. Putnam's Sons. *Barnard, F. P., Editor. Strongbow's Conquest of Ireland. English history by contem- porary writers. London and New York, 1888. G. P. Putnam's Sons. GREEN, Mrs. J. R. Henry the Second. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1892. Macmillan Co. *Hutton, W. H., Editor. S. Thomas of Canterbury : An account of his life and fame from the contemporary biographers and other chroniclers. English history by contemporary writers. Loudon, 1889. G. P. Putnam's Sons. *Hutton, W. H., Editor. Simon de Montfort and his Cause, 1251-1266. English history by contemporary writers. London and New York, 1888. G. P. Put- nam's Sous. Jenks, Edward. Edward Plantagenet (Edward I), the English Justinian, or the making of the English Common Law. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1902. G. P. Putnam's Sons. NorgaTE, Kate. John Lackland. London and New York, 1902. Macmillan Co. Sergeant, Lewis. John Wyclif: Last of the Schoolmen and first of the English Re- formers. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1893. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Stubbs, Wiluam. Early Plantagenets. Epochs of Modern History Series. London, New York and Bombay, 1896. Longmans, Green & Co. Tout, T. F. Edward the First. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London, and New York, 1896. Macmillan Co. — 9 — Warburton, W. Edward III. Epochs of Modern History Series. London, New York and Bombay, 1S96. Longmans, Green & Co. (c) Lancastrian and Yorkist Kings. Gairdner, James. History of the life and reign of Richard the Third, to which is added the story of Perkin Warbeck, from original documents. New and revised edition. Cambridge, 1898. Macmillan Co. Gairdner, James. Houses of Lancaster and York, with the Conque-t and Loss of France. 8th edition. Epochs of Modern History Series. Lond >n and New York, 1891. Longmans, Green & Co. Kingsford, C. L. Henry V. The Typical Mediaeval Hero. Heroes of the Nations series. New York and London, 1901. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Ouphant, Mrs. Jeanne d'Arc : Her Life and Death. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1897. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Oman, Charles. Warwick, the Kingmaker. English Men of Action Series. Lon- don and New York, 1891. Macmillan Co. ^Thompson, Edith. Wars of York and Lancaster, 1450-14S5. English history by con- temporary writers. London, 1892. G. P. Putnam's Sons. (d) Tudor Kings. Beesi/v, E. S. Queen Elizabeth. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1897. Macmillan Co. Creighton, Mandeix. Age of Elizabeth. New. York, 1890. Chas. Scribner's Sons. Creighton, Mandeix. Cardinal Wolsey. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1895. Macmillan Co. Gairdner. James. Henry the Seventh. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1892. Macmillan Co. Hume, Martin. Love affairs of Mary Queen of Scots : A political history. New York, 1903. McClure, Phillips & Co. Lee, Sidney. Great Englishmen of the Sixteenth Century. New York, 1904. MiGNET, F. A. History of Mary Queen of Scots. 7th edition. London, 1887. Richard Bentley & Son. IO MOBERLY, C. E. Early Tudors : Henry VII and Henry VIII. Epochs of Modern History Series. 4th edition. London and New York, 1894. Long- mans, Green & Co. *Rait, R. S., Editor. Mary Queen of Scots 1542-1587, extracts from the English, Spanish and Venetian State Papers, etc. 2nd edition. Scottish History from Contemporary Writers Series. New York, 1899. New Amsterdam Book Co. (e) Stuart Kings. Airy, Osmund. English Restoration and Louis XIV, from the Peace of Westphalia to the Peace of Nimwegen. Epochs of Modern History Series. New edition. London and New York, 1894. Longmaus, Green & Co. Corbett, Julian Monk English Men of Action Series. London and New York, 1889 Macmillan Co. Firth, Charles Oliver Cromwell and the Rule of the Puritans in England. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1900. (Cited as Firth. ) G. P. Putnam's Sons. Gardiner, S. R. First two Stuarts and the Puritan Revolution, 1603-1660. Epochs of Modern History Series. 13th edition. London, New York and Bombay, 1897. (Cited as Puritan Revolution.) Longmans, Green &Co. Hale, E. Fall of the Stuarts and Western Europe, from 167S to 1697. Epochs of Modern History Series. Eighth impression. London, New York and Bombay, 189S Longmans. Green & Co. Harrison, Frederic. Oliver Cromwell. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1898. Macmillan Co. Hassall, Arthur. Louis XIV and the Zenith of the French Monarchy. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1895. G. P. Putnam's Sons. ILecky, W. E. H History of England in the Eighteenth Century. New edition. 7 vols. New York, 1892-1 893. (Cited as Lecky.) D. Appleton & Co. Macaulay, Lord. History of England from the Accession of James the Second. Pop- ular edition. 2 vols. London and New York, 1889. Longmans, Green & Co. fAlso useful for Hanoverian Kings. — II — Morley, John. Oliver Cromwell. New York, 1901. (Cited as Morley. ) Century Co. Morris, E. E. Age of Anne. Epochs of Modern History Series. Tenth impres- sion. London, New York and Bombay, 1898. Longmans, Green & Co. *Taylor, W. F., Editor. England under Charles II from the Restoration to the Treaty of Ni- meguen, 1660-1678. English history by contemporary writers. Lon- don. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Traill, H. D. William the Third. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1897. Macmillan Co. (f) Hanoverian Kings. Bryce, Tames. Studies in contemporary biography. New York and London, 1903. The Macmillan Co. Bryce, James. William Ewart Gladstone : his characteristics as man and states- man. New York, 1S9S. Century Co. Froude, J. A. Lord Beaconsfield. Prime Ministers of Queen Victoria Series. New York, n. d. Harper and Bros. Green, W. D. William Pilt, Earl of Chatham, and the Growth and Division of the British Etnpiie, 1 708-1 778. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1901. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Holmes, R. R. Queen Victoria, 1819-1901. New edition. London, New York and Bombay, 1901. Longmans, Green & Co. Hooper, G. Wellington. English Men of Action Series, London and New York, 1893. Macmillan Co. Lord, John. Beacon Lights of History. Vol. VI. Modern European Statesmen. New York, 1891. Fords, Howard & Hulbert. McCarthy, Justin Epoch of Reform, 1830-1850. Epochs of Modern History Series. New edition. London, New York and Bombay, 1898. *McCarthy, Justin. Short History of our own times from the Accession of Queen Vic- toria to the General Election of 1880. Artist's edition. 2 vols. New York, 1893. Frederick A. Stokes Co. — 12 — Morley, John. Walpole. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1896. Macmillian Co. Morris, E. E. Early Hanoverians. Epochs of Modern History Series. 5th edi- tion. London, New York and Bombay, 1896. Longmans, Green & Co. Morris, W. O. Napoleon, Warrior and Ruler, and the Military Supremacy of Rev- olutionary France. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1896. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Ropes, J C. The First Napoleon : A Sketch, Political and Military. Boston and New York, 1891. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Rosebery, Lord. Pitt. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1895 Macmillan Co. Sotjthey, Robert. Life of Horatio, Lord Nelson. London, 1896. Dent & Co. Thursfield, J. R. Peel. Twelve English Statesmen Series. London and New York, 1893. Macmillan Co. (g) Ireland Dunlop, Robert. Daniel O'Connell and the Revival of National Life in Ireland. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1900. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Joyce, P. W. Short History of Ireland from the Earliest Times to 1608. London and New York, 1893. (Cited as Joyce.) Longmans, Green & Co. (h) Scotland and Wales. BRADLEY, A. G. Owen Glyndwr and the Last Struggle for Welsh Independence, with a brief sketch of Welsh History. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1901. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Lang, Andrew. History of Scotland from the Roman occupation. 2 vols. New York, 1900. Dodd, Mead & Co. Maxwell, Sir Herbert. Robert the Bruce and the Struggle for Scottish Independence. Heroes of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1897. G. P. Putnam's Sons. (i) Colonies and Dependencies. Hughes, Thomas. David Livingstone. English Men of Action Series. London and New York, 1889. Macmillan Co. — i3 — Hunter, W. W. Brief History of the Indian Peoples. 22d edition. Oxford, 1897. Clarendon Press. Jbnks, Edward. History of the Australasian Colonies (from their foundation to the year 1893.) Cambridge Historical Series. Cambridge, 1896. Mac- millan Co. Johnston, H. H. History of the Colonization of Africa by alien races. Cambridge Historical Series. Cambridge 1899. Macmillan Co. Lucas, C. P. Historical Geography of the British Colonies. 4 vols. Oxford, 1890-1897. Clarendon Press. Macaulay, Lord Essays (Give and Warren Hastings.) New York. Longmans, Green & Co. St. John, Sir Spenser. Rajah Brooke : the Englishman as ruler of an eastern state. Builders of Greater Britian Series. New York, 1899. Longmans, Green & Co. Theai,, G. M. South Africa (the Cape Colony, Natal, Orange Free State, South African Republic, Rhodesia, and all other Territories South of the Zambesi.) Story of the Nations Series. New York and London, 1900. G. P. Putnam's Sons. Trotter, L. J Wareu Hastings and the Founding of the British Administration. Rulers of India Series. Oxford, 1897. Clarendon Press. STUDIES IN ENGLISH HISTORY. Introduction. Physical geography of Great Britain and Ireland, i. Influence of geography on history. 2. Area. 3. Temperature. 4. Rainfall. 5. Land configuration. 6. Adaptability to settlement and growth. First intercourse between Britain and the continent. 1 . Purpose. 2. Pytheas c. 330 B. C. 3. Gauls and Belgians. 4. Results — European knowledge of Britain. References : Andrews, §§ 1-2 ; Cheyney, §§ 1-8 ; Mont., §§ i-5. 17-21, 25-38 ; Earned, §§1,3; C. & K., Chap. I, pp. n-19; Gard., pp. 7-9; Oman, pp. 1-4; Walker, §§ 6- 16 ; Wrong, Chap. I; Geikie, Geography ; Green, Geogra- phy ; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 1-3 ; L,ee Nos. 11-13. Map Work : Map showing important physical features (with names), and resources of the British Isles. References : Gardiner Atlas, No. 64 ; Cheyney, pp. 4-5, 9 ; C. & K., pp. 4-5, 8 ; Walker, pp. 14-15 ; Wrong., p. 6. Suggestive Questions. 1. Explain how geographic conditions have contributed to make England first among maritime and commercial nations. Mention at least three such conditions. 2. Distinguish between (a) Britain, (b) England, (c) Great Britain, (d) the United Kingdom, (e) the British Empire. 3. Sketch the history of Britain before the invasion of Caesar, mentioning the peoples by whom it had been visited and stating what they saw and what commerce grew out of these visits. — 1 5 — Roman Britain. Caesar in Britain, 55-54 B. C. 1. His campaigns. 2. His account of inhabitants. (a) Number and distribution. (b) Manners and customs. (c) Industries and occupations. (d) Government. (e) Religion — Druidism. Conquest of Britain — Aulus Plautius, 43-47 A. D. 1. Relations with Caractacus. 2. Extent of conquests. Suetonius, 58 A. D. 1. Destruction of Druidism. 2. Revolt of Boadicea. Agricola 78-84 A. D. 1. Conquests. 2. Roman walls. 3. Explorations. Withdrawal of Romans, c. 410. References: Andrews, § 2; Cheyney, §§ 8-1 1, 20; Mont., §§ 39-50, 53, 63 ; Larned, pp. 5-8, 11 ; Gard., pp. 9-19, 22, 24-26 ; C. & K., pp. 19-21, 26-28 ; Colby, Nos. 1-3 ; Kendall, No. 1 ; L,ee, Nos. 14-18 ; Robertson, pp. 10-14; Oman, pp. 4-8, 11-12 ; Walker, §§ 17-19, 24; Wrong, pp. 18-23, 25-26. Results of Roman occupation. 1. Effect on inhabitants as to (a) Government. (b) Religion — Introduction of Christianity. (c) Language. (d) Mode of living. 2. Effect on land. (a) Roman cities. (b) Roads, forts, walls. (c) Cultivation of soil. — i6 — References: Andrews, § 2; Cheyney, §§ 12-19, 22 ', Mont., §§ 51-52, 54-62, 64-65 ; Lamed, § 5 ; Gard., pp. 19-22; C. & K., pp. 21-26; Green, Vol. I, pp. 8-10; Robertson, pp. 14-17; Oman, pp. 8-1 1, 13; Walker, §§ 20-23 ; Wrong, pp. 23-25. Map work : Roman England, showing extent of Roman rule, three lines of Roman roads, sites of camps and famous walls. References : Gardiner, Atlas, No. 1 ; Labberton, Plate XVIII ; Cheyney, p. 24; C. & K., p. 26 ; Larned, p. 8 ; Mont., p. 23 ; Walker, p. 26 ; Wrong, p. 25. 4. How has a Roman historian described the manners and customs of the Britons ? 5. Under what Roman emperors were expeditions sent to England ? 6. Give an account of the first real conquest of Britain by the Romans. 7. Give an account of the Britons at the time of the Roman conquest as to (a) distinction between aborigines and Celts ; (b) difference in civilization between the people of the southeastern part of the island and those farther north ; (c) religion. 8. State, with some detail, three circumstances that ren- dered difficult the real conquest of Britain by the Romans. 9. What Roman emperors entered Britain ? What evi- dences were left there of Roman occupation ? 10. State the duration and effects of the Roman occupa- tion of Britain. 1 1 . Discuss the nature and results of the Roman occupa- tion of Britain. 12. Describe the services rendered by Rome to Britain. 13. Give, in regard to the Roman walls in Britain, (a) location, (b) plan or construction, (c) purpose. 14. Describe (a) the traces of Roman occupation left on English soil ; (b) the sufferings of the Britons on the withdrawal of the Romans. Saxon Britain. Condition of England after withdrawal of Romans. Invasions of Picts, Scots, Jutes and Angles. — i 7 — i. Original homes. 2. Nature of these invasions. 3. Appeal to Rome and results, 446. 4. Legend of Hengist and Horsa. 5. Early settlements. 6. Resistance and fate of Britons— Legend of Arthur. References : Andrews, §§ 3-8 ; Cheyney, §§21, 23-25 ; Mont., §§66-76; Larned, §§6-8; Gard., pp. 26-29, 33- 37 ; C. & K., pp. 28-32 ; Colby, Nos. 4-5 ; Kendall, No. 3 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 10-24 ; Robertson, pp. 17-22 ; Oman, pp. 14-20 ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 1-3 I Walker, §§ 25, 27-28, 32-35 ; Wrong, pp. 26-29 ; Lee, Nos. 19, 21-22. Map work : The Teutonic Invasion, showing continental homes of the invaders and settlements in England. Refer- ences : Gardiner, Atlas, Nos. 2-3 ; Andrews, pp. 4"5 ; Cheyney, p. 38 ; C. & K., p. 28; Larned, pp. 16, 19; Mont., p. 34 ; Walker, p. 37. 15. What effect was produced upon England when the Roman legions were withdrawn between the years A.D. 401 and A.D. 410? 16. Angles, Saxons, Jutes : Where did they come from ? 17. Who were the Jutes, Saxons and Angles ? State the circumstances and the immediate and remote results of the coming of these tribes to Britain. 18. State in regard to the Anglo-Saxon Conquest (a) date of its beginning, (b) principal tribes of invaders, (c) the portions of Britain conquered, (d ) the effects on Roman civilization in Britain. 19. Why were the Britons defeated by the Romans and by the Anglo-Saxons ? 20. Name and locate three of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. 21. Write a brief account of the results of two of the for- eign invasions of England. Introduction of Roman Catholic Christianity. 1. St. Augustine, 597-604. 2. Synod of Whitby, 664. 3. Theodore of Tarsus, 669-690. 4. Political effect of introduction of Christianity. Attempts to form a united kingdom, i. Northumbria. 2. Mercia-Penda, 626-655. 3. Wessex-Egbert, 802-839. References : Andrews, §§ 9-16 ; Cheyney, S§ 30-42 ; Mont., §§ 77-89, 112, 114 ; learned, §§ 14-16 ; Gard., pp. 38-55 ; C. & K., pp. 33, 35-37 ; Walker, §§ 36-44 ; Wrong., pp. 30-40 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 29-83 ; Pauli, Alfred, Chap. I ; Robertson, Chaps. III-IV ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 3-5, 28-39 ; Oman, pp. 23-32 ; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 5-8 ; Colby, No. 6 ; Kendall, No. 4 ; Lee, Nos. 23-24. 22. What was the mission of St. Augustine ? To what place was it sent, with what effect and when ? 23. Give a brief account of the conversion of the Angles and Saxons to Christianity. 24. Show how Christianity was introduced among the Britons. 25. What influence upon the unification of Saxon Eng- land was exerted by (a) the adoption of the Latin form of Christianity, (b) the organization of the Christian Church ? 26. How did Christianity unite the British Isles with Rome ? 27. Discuss the first attempts at union in England under the Saxons. 28. Select and describe the event which was the real be- ginning of English history, giving reasons for the selection. 29. Egbert : his training and work. Alfred, 871-901. Hughes, Alfred the Great ; Pauli, Alf-ed, Chaps. II-VII ; Macfadyen, Alfred the West Saxon. 1. Danish Wars — Treaty of Wedmore, 878. 2. Work as lawyer and educator. 3. Naval and Military reforms. Athelstan, 925-940. 1. Territorial power — Brunanburh, 937. 2. Alliances with foreign princes. Dunstan, 960-988. 1. Personal characteristics. 2. Early life. 3. His reforms. — i 9 — References: Andrews, §§17-26: Cheyney, §§43-53,60; Mont., §§ 90-103 ; Lamed, §§ 17-21; Gard., pp. 55-69; C. & K., pp. 40-50 ; Walker, §§ 61-69 ! Wrong, pp. 41-43 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 83-113; Robertson, Chaps. V-VII ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 5-15 ; Oman, Chap. IV; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 11-13; Lee, Nos. 25, 37-39; Colby, Nos. 6-9; Kendall, Nos. 6-8. Map work : England in the time of Alfred, showing terms of Treaty of Wedmore and location of Athelney, Ash- down, Chippenham and Winchester. References : Gardi- ner, Atlas, No. 7 ; Labberton, Plate XXIX ; Andrews, p. 27 ; Cheyney, p. 62 ; C. & K., p. 42 ; Lamed, p. 42 ; Mont., p. 40 ; Wrong, p. 41. 30. Characterize briefly the Danish invasion in the ninth century. 31. Give an account of the reign of Alfred the Great. 32. State in regard to Alfred the Great, (a) The facts regarding his struggle with the Danes, (b) How he en- couraged literature, (c) How he promoted popular educa- tion, (d) Why he was called " the Great." 33. Give a brief account of the services of Alfred the Great. 34. Describe the treatment accorded by Alfred to the conquered Danes. Why was this treatment wise ? 35. Write briefly on the reforms of Dunstan and state when he lived. 36. Compare Dunstan and Alfred. English Society. 1. Classes and beginning of feudal system. 2. Government. (a) Central Government — King and Witan. (b) Local Government— Shire, hundred, township. 3. Administration of Justice. (a) Compurgation and ordeal. (b) Town, hundred, shire and king's court. 4. Religion. 5. Literature. 6. Manners and customs. 20 References : Andrews, Chap. Ill ; Cheyney, §§ 54-59 61-66; Mont., §§ 1 15-142; Larned, §§9-13; C. &K.,pp 50-54 ; Walker, §§ 47-60 ; Wrong, Chap. V ; Smith, Vol I, PP- 3"4> 9-i 1 ; Gard., pp. 29-33, 69-77 ; Montague, pp 2-21 ; L,ee, Nos. 25-36; Oman, pp. 20-22; Robertson, pp 22-26; Green, Vol. I, pp. 1-8, 24-28. 37. Describe the form of government introduced by the Jutes, Saxons and Angles. 38. Describe the political organization of the hundred, the town, and the shire in Anglo-Saxon England. 39. Define or explain hundred, reeve, shiremoot, thane, viking, witenagemot. 40. Compare the religion of the early Britons with that of the Saxons. Ethelred the Unready, 979-1013. 1. Early relations with Danes. (a) Danegeld. (b) Massacre of St. Brice's Day, 1002. 2. Danish conquest — Svend, 1013-1014. Cnut (the Great). 1016-1035. 1 . His possessions. 2. How he governed — Godwine. 3. Death and Division of Empire. Restoration of the Saxon Kings — Edward the Confessor, 1042-1066. 1. Early life and its influence. 2. Relations with Godwine and Harold. 3. Relations with Duke William of Normandy. Harold, 1066. 1. Claims of William of Normandy. 2. Norwegian invasion — Stamford Bridge. 3. Norman conquest — Hastings or Senlac. References : Andrews, §§ 38-50 ; Cheyney, §§ 68-77 J Mont., §§ 104-111, 113, 143-152 ; Earned, §§ 22-25 ; Gard., pp. 79-100; C. & K., pp. 56-70; Walker, §§ 70-85; Wrong, pp. 44-61 ; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 13-20; Green, Vol. I, pp. 1 13-150; Robertson, Chaps. VIII-IX ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 15-27; Oman, Chap. V; Kendall, Nos. 11-J3; — 21 Colby, Nos. 10, 12; Freeman, Conquest, Chaps. III-VIII ; Creasy, Chap. VIII ; Lee, Nos. 40-44. Map Work : Possessions of Canute, showing the four earldoms. References : Putzgers, 17a ; Labberton, Plate XXIX ; Andrews, p. 56 ; Cheyney, p. 86. 41. Mention three invasions of England from over the sea and state the effect of each on the English people. 42. Show how England came to be ruled by a Danish king. 43. Give a brief account of the conquest of England by the Danes, covering causes and results. 44. Compare the first and second invasions of the Danes. 45. Explain Danelaw and Danegeld. / 46. Who was Cuut and when did he become king of England ? What was the character of his government ? 47. Tell what you know of Canute. 48. Canute's claims to greatness. 49. Reign and importance of Edward the Confessor. 50. Describe the career of Godwin. 51. What claim to the throne of Edward the Confessor had Harold, son of the Earl Godwin? What claim had Duke William of Normandy. 52. What was the basis of Duke William's claim to the English crown ? 53. Compare Harold's claims and those of William of Normandy. X 54. State your conclusion and the historic facts on which it 7 is based, in regard to the dispute between William of Normandy and Harold. 55. Indicate how England became united previous to 1066. 56. Indicate the way in which a kingdom was gradually established in England between 410 and 1066. Name three men within this period. Cite three incidents that had an influence toward unifying the kingdom. 57. Outline the career of Harold. 5 8.U)escribe Hastings as to (a) circumstances leading — 22 — thereto ; (b) important details. Explain the success of William. 59. Discuss the weakness of Harold. 60. Why were the English defeated by the Danes and by the Normans ? Norman England. William I, (The Conqueror), 1066- 108 7. 1. Relations with London. 2. Saxon Resistance — Hereward. 3. Conquest of Scotland — Malcolm, 1072. 4. How he kept down the English. (a) Confiscation of land. (b) Castle building. (c) Feudal Arm}-. 5. How he kept down the Normans. (a) Abolition of the great Earldoms and Scattering of Barons' Estates. (b) Gemot of Salisbury, 1086. (c) Militia reorganization. 6. Church policy — Lanfranc. 7. New Forest. 8. Domesday Book, 1085. 9. Death and Disposition of kingdom. 10. Changes effected by Norman Conquest in (a) Government. (b) Manners and customs. (c) Industries. References: Andrews, §§51-58; Cheyney, §§ 78-90, 108-114, 116-118; Mont., §§153-175, 193-208; Earned, §§ 2 5-33 ; Gard., Chap. VII ; C. & K., pp. 70-74, 79-91 ; Wrong., pp. 76-82; Walker, §§ 86-113 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. II ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 151-166 ; Robertson, Chap. X ; Dee, Nos. 45-53 ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 40-55 ; Free- man, William the Conqueror ; Montague, pp. 22-31, 33-39 ; Oman, Chap. VI ; Kendall, Nos. 14-16 ; Colby, Nos. 13- 16 ; Freeman, Conquest, pp. 86-130, Chap. XIV. 61. Outline the Norman conquest. 62. What was the Norman conquest, and how did it Lfv •■ / J Uax*<*J+ ?; — 23 — affect the development of the English people and the Eng- lish state ? 63. By what measures did William seek to make the feud- al lords subject to the crown ? 64. State the measures taken by William I to hold in check the feudal barons. 65. What was William's policy in ecclesiastical affairs as King of England ? 66. Tell what you know about Lanfranc. 67. Give a careful account of Domesday Book. 68. State three particulars in which the Norman Con- quest benefited England. 69. Effects of the Norman conquest on England. 70. Compare the Saxon and Norman system of adminis- tering justice. 71. State the influence on the laws, customs and lan- guage of England of the Norman conquest. 72. Discuss the benefits derived from the Norman con- quest. 73. State in regard to William the Conqueror (a) his claim to the throne of England, (b) how he subdued the nobles, (c) changes made by him in the feudal system, (d) why he is called " the Conqueror." William II (William Rufus), 1087-1100. 1. Financial Policy — Ranulf Flambard. 2. Church Policy — Anselm. 3. Reunion of England and Normandy, 1096. 4. Death. References : Andrews, § 59 ; Cheyney, §§ 9 I_ 95 >' Mont., §§ 176-184 ; Earned, §S 34-38 ; Gard., Chap. VIII ; C. & K., pp. 74-76 ; Wrong, pp. 83-86 ; Walker, §§ 114-115 ; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 42-57 ; Oman, pp. 81-86 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 166-168 ; Robertson, Chap. XI ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 56-62 ; Colby, Nos. 17-18 ; Eee, No. 54 ; Freeman, Con- quest, pp. i3 l ~ I 33- Henry I, (Lion of Justice), 1100-1135. 1. Charter of Liberties. 2. English Policy — Marriage with Matilda. — 24 — 3. Struggle with the Church — Anselm. Montague, P- 37- 4. Financial and Judicial reforms. 5. Conquest of Normandy — Tinchebrai, 1106. 6. Disposition of the crown. References: Andrews, §§ 60-63 ; Cheyney, §§ 96-105 ; Mont., §§ 185-188 ; Earned, §§ 39~44 ; Gard., pp. 122- 131 ; C. & K., pp. 76-77 ; Wrong, pp. 87-89 ; Walker, §§ 1 16-123 ; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 57-71 ; Oman, pp. 86-92 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 168-185, 190-192 ; Robertson, Chap. XII ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 63-76 ; Kendall, No. 17 ; Colby, Nos. 19-20 ; Lee, Nos. 55, 57. 74. In what respects was the reign of William II harsh and tyrannical ? 75. Give an account of the accession and reign of Henry I. 76. Show how Henry I (a) obtained the throne ; (b) gained Normandy ; (c) won the favor of the English. 77. What promise did Henry I give that he would rule better than his predecessor ? Give terms of promise. 78. Henry I as a reformer. 79. Account for Henry's title of Lion of Justice. Period of Anarchy, (Stephen) ,1135-1154. 1 . Cause. 2. Results. (a) Feudal Anarchy and Misery of England. (b) Relations with Scotland — Battle of Standard, 1 138. (c) Treaty of Wallingford, 1153. References : Andrews, §§ 64-68 ; Cheyney, §§ 106-107, 115 ; Mont., §§ 189-192 ; Earned, §§ 45-47 ; Gard., pp. 131- 137 ; C. & K., pp. 77-79 ; Wrong, pp. 89-92 ; Walker, §§ 124-128; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 71-75; Oman, pp. 92-96 Green, Vol. I, pp. 190-197 ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 77-88 Stubbs, Early Plantagenets, Chap. II ; Kendall, No. 18 Colby, No. 21. 80. How far did the settlement of England, made by — 25 — William, modify previous conditions in England and how far was it influenced by feudalism ? 81. Describe the civil war between Stephen and Matilda with reference to (a) cause ; (b) final settlement ; (c) importance. 82. Give an account of the evi.ls that befell England in Stephen's reign. 83. Discuss the effects on (a) barons ; (b) reforms of Henry I ; (c) country at large of the reign of Stephen. 84. Discuss the growth in the possessions of the English kings from William I to Stephen. 85. Discuss the evidences of an increase in the power of the king under the Norman line of rulers. 86. The church in England under the Norman kings. 87. State the historical significance of the following Archbishops of Canterbury : (a) Augustine ; (b) Theodore of Tarsus ; (c) Eanfranc ; (d) Anselm. Plantagenet England. Henry II, 1154-1189. 1. Checks on the power of Barons. Montague, pp. 41-42, 50. (a) Scutage. (b) Reorganization of Militia — ^Assize of Arms, 1181. 2. Relations with Becket — Constitutions of Clarendon, 1 164. Hutton, 5". T/iomas of Canterbury ; Montague, pp. 42-46. 3. Judicial Arrangements. Montague, pp. 47-50. (a) Curia Regis, or King's Court. (b) Assize of Clarendon — Grand Jury. (c) Circuit Court. 4. Financial policy. Montague, pp. 46-47. (a) Saladin Tithe. (b) Court of Exchequer. 5. Norman conquest of Ireland, 1166-1172. Colby, No. 22. (a) Early history of Ireland. 1. Early Inhabitants — Government — Religion. 2. Introduction of Christianity — St. Patrick, 432. — 26 — (b) Reasons for Norman interference. (c) Strongbow and Norman Knights in Ireland. (d) Visit of Henry II. (e) Results. 6. Family relations. (a) Marriage with Eleanor — French possessions. (b) War with Sons. References: Andrews, §§ 69-78 ; Cheyney, §§ 1 19-143; Mont., §§ 209-229, 311, 319; Larned, §§ 48-54; Gard., Chap. X ; C. & K., pp. 93-107; Walker, §§ 129-141 ; Wrong, pp. 92-104 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. IV ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 89-114; Stubbs, Early Plantagenets, Chaps. III-V ; Green, Henry II; Joyce, Part I, Chaps. VI, VIII, Part II, Chaps. Ill, V-IX, Part III, Chaps. I-IV ; Oman, Chap. VIII ; Green, Vol. I, Chap. II, § VIII ; Vol. II, pp. 891- 899; Kendall, Nos. 19-23; Colby, Nos. 23-25; Lee, Nos. 58-63. Map work : Possessions of Henry II, showing his territory at his accession and acquisitions by marriage and by con- quest. References : Gardiner, Atlas, No. 1 1 ; L,abberton, Plate XXXIV; Green, Vol. I, p. 196; Andrews, pp. 116- 117; Cheyney, p. 146; C. & K., p. 96; learned, pp. 110- iii ; Mont., p. 88 ; Wrong, p. 92. 88. Write on military service and feudal dues or taxes under the Norman kings. 89. Henry II and the barons. 90. Contrast the power of the barons in Stephen's reign with their power in Henry's reign. 91. Give an account of two measures taken by Henry II to weaken the power of the barons. 92. Write briefly on knight-service. Define or explain scutage. 93. Outline the career of Becket. 94. What was the cause of Henry's controversy with Archbishop Thomas ? 95. What considerations might have been urged for or against the Constitutions of Clarendon ? 96. For what purposes were the Itinerant Justices estab- lished by Henry I and Henry II ? Give an account of their work. — 27 — 97- Explain the Saladin Tithe. 98. Describe the Court of the Exchequer. 99. Give an account of Ireland, touching on (a) its earliest known inhabitants ; (b) its influence on early English history ; (c) its first conquest by an English king and the results. 100. How did Henry II become Lord of Ireland? 101. Compare the Norman conquest of England with the Norman conquest of Ireland. 102. The possessions of Henry II ; extent and how acquired. 103. What were Henry's possessions in France and how did he get them ? 104. Indicate on the map the English frontier on the European continent in the time of Henry II. 105. The leading characteristics of the reign of Henry II, with dates of the reign. 106. In what lies the importance of the reign of Henry II ? 107. Henry's claim to greatness. 108. Write a sketch of the first Plantagenet king, show- ing (a) origin of the name ; (b) territory obtained by marriage ; (c) three ways in which his reign benefited England, giving reasons in each case. Richard I, (The Lion Hearted), n 89-1 199. 1. Character. 2. Richard and Third Crusade. (a) Purpose of Crusade. (b) Desire for money and how met. (c) Exploits of Richard in Palestine. (d ) Captivity of Richard and plots of John. (e) Effects of Crusade on England. 3. Richard in France. References: Andrews, §§ 79-81 ; Cheyney, §§ 144-146; Mont., §§ 230-239, 312; Earned, §§ 55—57 ; Gard., Chap. XI; C. & K., pp. 107-109; Walker, §§ 142-144; Wrong, pp. 107-109 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. V; Oman. pp. 1 14-122 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 213-218; Stubbs, Early Pla?itage?iets, Chap. VI ; Montague, p. 51 ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 115-125; Colby, Nos. 26-28. — 28 — 108a. English relations with Scotland from William I to Richard I. 109. An account of Hubert Walter. no. Richard's career in the East and its effects on England. in. Effects of the crusades on England, illustrated from the reign of Richard I. John (Lackland), 1199-1216. 1. Character. 2. Eoss of Normandy. 3. Quarrel with the church — Stephen Eangton. 4. Magna Charta, 1215. Montague, pp. 53~57- (a) Opposition of clergy, barons and commons, and explanation. (b) Council at St. Albans : its composition and action. (c) Provisions of Magna Charta. Old South Lea/lets, No. 5. (d) Attempts to break Charter. References : Andrews, §§ 81-88 ; Cheyney, 147-154 ; Mont., §§ 240-255, 313 ; Earned, §§ 58-61 ; Gard., Chap. XII ; C. & K., pp. 1 16-123 ; Walker, §§ 165-172 ; Wrong, pp. 109-115; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. VI; Oman, pp. 122- 133 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 218-245 ; Montague, pp. 51-57 ; Stubbs, Early Plantagenets, Chap. VII ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 126-140; Norgate, John Lackland ; Colby, Nos. 29-30; Kendall, No. 24 ; Eee, Nos. 66-80. 112. Indicate, on an outline map, the foreign possessions of England in 1200. Tell very briefly how these were acquired. 113. Show how England acquired territory from France before the 13th century and how this was subsequently lost. 114. John's relations with the barons. 115. The acquisition and loss of Normandy, and its con- nection with Magna Charta. 116. Career of Stephen Eangton. 117. The question in dispute between John and the — 29 — Pope. How far was John's action justified by conditions previous to his reign ? 118. Discuss the Constitutions of Clarendon as to their origin and provisions and how they were affected by the reign of John. 119. Growth in individual liberty to and including the reign of John. 120. Give an account of the reign of John, laying weight on the circumstances which led to the signing of Magna Charta. 121. What abuses led to Magna Charta ? 122. Give a careful account of Magna Charta. 123. Magna Charta: its making and its important pro- visions. 124. The three most important provisions of Magna Charta and reasons for \ r our selection. 125. Show how the church increased its power through Magna Charta. 126. The effect of Magna Charta upon the nobles. 127. Did the common people gain or lose by Magna Charta? Explain. 128. John. (a) What portions of his dominions did he lose and how ? (b) What was the cause and what the re- sult of his controversy with Innocent III ? (c) What were the most important provisions of Magna Charta ? 129. Show why it is unfair to call John the worst king England ever had. Henry III, 1216-1272. 1. England during king's minority — Reissue of Magna Charta. 2. Personal government of Henry III. (a) Character of the King. (b) Relations with foreigners. (c) Relations with Church — The Friars. 3. Struggle between Simon De jMontfort and King. Hutton, Simon de Montfort, a?id his cause. (a) Early career of De Montfort. (b) Mad Parliament and Provisions of Oxford, 1258. — 3° — (c) Barons' War, 1 263-1 265. ( 1 ) Cause. (2) Lewes, 1264. (a) Supremacy of De Mont fort. (b) Beginning of Parliament. (3) Evesham — Fall of De Montfort, 1265, 4. King's old age — Influence of Prince Edward. References: Andrews, §§ 89-101 ; Cheyney, §§ 155-156, 162, 172-178 ; Mont., §§ 256-267 ; Larned, §§ 62-65 ; Walker, §§ 173-179; Wrong, pp. 115-120; Gard., Chap. XIII ; C. & K., pp. 123-132 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. VII ; Oman, Chap. X ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 245-246, 266-304 ; Stubbs, Early Plantagenets, Chaps. VIII-IX ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 141-170 ; Montague, pp. 58-63 ; Colby, No. 31; Kendall, Nos. 26-27 ; Lee, No 81. 130. The misrule of Henry III. 131. Roger Bacon and the friars. 132. Henry III and the barons. 133. The Provisions of Oxford and the circumstances leading to them. 134. Describe the dispute between Henry III and Simon de Montfort. 135. The career of De Montfort. 136. The origin of parliament. 137. Give an account of how the commons were first called to parliament. 138. When and how did the House of Commons come into existence, and how was its early membership composed ? 139. Give a brief sketch of the life of Simon of Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and state what he did for representative government in England. 140. Describe Lewes and Evesham. 141. Compare the civil war in the reign of Henry III with the civil war in the reign of Stephen. 142. Give an important result of each of the following events in the reign of Henry III : (a) the meeting of the Mad Parliament, (b) the battle of Lewes, (c) the battle of Evesham. — 3i — Edward I, 127 2-1 307. 1 . King and Barons. 2. King and Church— Statute of Mortmain, 1279. 3. King and Commerce. (a) Wool trade. (b) Expulsion of Jews. 4. King and Model Parliament, 1295— Confirmation of Charters. 5. King and administration of Justice — Statute of Win- chester. 6. Relations with Wales, 1276-1284. Bradley, Glyndwr, pp. 68-81. 7. Relations with Scotland. Maxwell, Robert the Bruce, Chaps. II-VII. (a) Award of Norham. (b) Conquest of Scotland, 1296. (c) Revolt of Wallace. (d) Revolt of Bruce. References: Andrews, §§ 102-118 ; Cheyney, §§ i79- x 94 ', Mont., §§ 268-280, 316-317 ; Larned, §§ 66-74 ; Gard., pp. 208-224; C. & K., pp. 132-145; Walker, §§ 180-196; Wrong, pp. 120-130; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. VIII; Oman, Chap. XI ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 305-368, 385-395 I Stubbs, Early Plantagenets, Chaps. X-XI ; Jenks, Edward I \ Tout, Edward I\ Bright, Vol. I, pp. 171-196; Montague, pp. 64- 71; Colby, Nos. 34-35; Kendall, No. 28; Lee, Nos. 82- 88. 143. Edward I and feudalism. 144. The Statute of Mortmain. 145. Describe the expulsion of the Jews in the reign of Edward I. 146. The reissue of Magna Charta by Henry III and the Confirmation of the Charters by Edward I : reason and im- portance. 147. Explain the Model Parliament. 148. Compare the parliament of De Montfort with the Model Parliament. 149. How, when, and why did the people obtain the right to tax themselves? — 3 2 — 150. Describe the Statute of Winchester. 151. The Conquest of Wales. 152. Mention the military events associated with Edward I and explain their significance. 153. Connect with the reign of Edward I : (a) a gain for constitutional government, (b) a legal reform, (c) an im- portant war. Give an account of one particular mentioned. 154. Give an account of (a) the policy with regard to Scotland and Wales, and (b) the constitutional and admin- istrative reforms of Edward I. 155. Give an account of the reforms made by Edward in the laws and in the administration of justice. Explain the Statute of Mortmain. 156. What claims had Edward I to the title of a states- man? Contrast his reign with that of Henry II. 157. Compare the character, career and legislation of Henry II and Edward I. Edward II, 1307-1327. 1. Edward and his favorites — Piers Gavestou. 2. L,oss of Scotland — Bannockburn, 13 14. Maxwell, Robert the Bruce, Chaps. VIII-XIII. 3. King's deposition and its importance. References: Andrews, ^ 1 19-120; Cheyney, § 195; Mont., §§ 281-286; Earned, §§ 75-76; Gard., pp. 224-231 ; C. & K., pp. 152-156; Walker, §£ 197-200; Wrong, pp. 170-174; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. IX; Oman, Chap. XII; Stubbs, Early Plantagenets, Chap. XII ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 197-21 1 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 395-411 ; Colby, No. 37 ; Eee, No. 89. 158. When was Bannockburn fought, between whom, and with what results? 159. Mention an event that connected the history of Scotland with that of England in the reign of William I, Richard I and Edward I. Edward III, 1327-1377. 1. Scottish policy — Hab'don Hill, 1333. Ashley, Ed- ward III and his ivars ; Maxwell, Robert the Bruce, Chaps. XIV-XVII. — 33 — 2. Hundred Years' War. (a) Causes. (b) Sluys, 1340. (c) Crecy, 1346. (d) Poitiers, 1356. (e) Peace of Bretigny, 1360. (f) Effects on England — ( 1 ) Black Death and Statute of Labourers, 1349- (2) Decline of Church. (3) Growth of Parliament. (4) Encouragement of Manufactures — In- troduction of Flemish Weavers. 3. Ireland under Edward — Statute of Kilkenny, 1367. Joyce, Part III, Chap. XII. 4. Rise of Literature — Mandeville, Langland, Wicliffe, Chaucer. References : Andrews, $§ 1 21-134 ; Cheyuey, §§ 196, 198-215; Mont., §§ 287-300 ; Earned, §§76-85, 184-185; Gard., Chaps. XV-XVI ; C. & K., pp. 156-162, 164-181 ; Walker, §§ 201-210 ; Wrong, pp. 174-186 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. X ; Oman, Chap. XIII; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 213- 241, 266-274; Sergeant, Wyclif ; Warburton, Edward III '; Green, Vol. I, pp. 411-461, Vol. II, pp. 903-904 ; Colby, Nos. 38-40 ; Kendall, Nos. 29-31, 33 ; Lee, Nos. 90-95. Map work : Possessions of Edward III, showing territory acquired by Peace of Bretigny and location of battles of Sluys, Crecy and Poitiers. References : Gardiner, Atlas, No. 15 ; Labberton, Plate XXXV ; Andrews, pp. 116, 189; Cheyney, p. 42 ; C. & K., pp. 150, 158 ; Larned, p. 174; Mont., p. 130 ; Walker, p. 190 ; Wrong, p. 182. 160. Edward II and Edward III and Scotland. 161. The causes of the Hundred Years' War. 162. What use did England make of her navy in the reign of Edward III ? 163. Describe, indicating historic importance, the battle of Crecy. 164. Who was the Black Prince ? 165. Explain the Peace of Bretigny. — 34 — 1 66. With what nation did England make the Peace of Bretigny? When and upon what terms? 167. Write on the Black Death. 168. Write on the increase of wages in the 14th century. 169. Compare the position of the church in the reigh of Henry III with the church under Edward III. 170. Describe with reference to its purpose and effect the church legislation of Edward III. 171. Explain praemunire. 172. Give some account of the life and teaching of John Wyclif. 173. Write on the reforms of Wyclif. 174. Explain the Lollards. 175. Describe, stating historic importance, the coming of the Flemish weavers. 176. Write on the services of Chaucer and Langland. 177. Compare Henry II and Edward III as to territorial possessions. Richard II, 1377-1399- 1. Peasant Revolt. (a) Causes. (b) Results. 2. Rise of Lollards and translation of Bible. 3. Tyranny of Richard. 4. Deposition. Social and Economic condition of people under the Planta- genets. C. & K., pp. 109-114; Cheyney, §§ 157-161, 163-171 ; Gard., pp. 165-172; Earned, Chap. IX; Mont., §§ 323-330; Walker, Chaps. X, XIV; Wrong, Chap. VIII ; Colby, Nos. 25, 32-33, 36 ; Kendall, Nos. 23, 25, 32 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 247-266, 368-385 ; Traill, Vol. I, Chap. IV, Vol. II, Chaps. V-VI. References : Andrews, §§ 135-142 : Cheyney, §§ 228- 230 : Mont., §§ 301-310 : Earned, §§ 86-89 ; Gard., Chaps. XVII-XVIII ; C. &. K., pp. 162-164, 181-184 ; Walker, §§211-216; Wrong, pp. 186-198; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XI ; Oman, Chap. XIV ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 242-274 ; Green, Vol. I, pp. 461-468, Vol. II, pp. 469-512 ; Gairdner, — 35 — Lancaster and York, Chap. II ; Colby, Nos. 41-42 ; Kendall, Nos. 34-35 ; Lee, Nos. 96-98. 178. The causes and results of the Peasant Revolt. 179. Describe the Peasant Revolt of 1381, treating the following topics : (a) grievances of the laborers and artisans, (b)irritating legislation, (c) acts of violence, (d) results. 180. Show how the condition of the laboring classes was affected by the Black Death? The Peasant Revolt? 181. Causes of the unpopularity and fall of Richard II. 182. Describe and compare the depositions of Edward II and Richard II. 183. Locate and indicate the historic importance of (a) Bannockburn, (b) Oxford, (c) Evesham, (d) Lewes, (e) Runnimede. 184. Origin, names and relationship of Plautagenet or Angevin kings. 185. What were the most frequent causes of dispute be- tween England and the Papacy during the Middle Ages? 186. Give a sketch of the relations between England and the church of Rome during the early years of the 13th century. 187. Mention three important events that mark the growth of constitutional government under the Plantagenets. Give an account of one event mentioned. 188. Mention a gain for popular government made in the reign of (a) Richard I, (b) John, (c) Henry III, (d) Edward I. 189. The origin and development of parliament to the end of the Plantagenet period, illustrating the growth of its power. 190. Mention any events in the Plantagenet period which tended to destroy feudalism. 191. Write on the decline of serfdom. 192. Mention three particulars in which the progress of the English people during the nth and 12th centuries is clearly seen. 193. Discuss the changes in the military system during the Plantagenet period. 194. Literature in the Plantagenet period. -36- 195- Describe (a) life in a mediaeval monastery, (b) in a mediaeval English town, (c) in a mediaeval English castle. 196. Describe the life of the common people in the Plantagenet period. Lancastrian England. Henry IV, 1 399-1413. 1. Henry's title. 2. Religious Policy — Persecution of Lollards. 3. Relations with Wales — Owen Glendower. Bradley, Glyndwr, Chaps. III-XI. 4. Revolt of the Percies — Shrewsbury. 5. Relations with Scotland. References: Andrews, §§143-145 ; Cheyney, §§231-232; Mont., §§ 331-337, 372 ; Earned, §§ 97-102 ; Gard., pp. 289- 299 ; C. & K., pp. 187-191 ; Walker, §§ 236-238 ; Wrong, pp. 202-204 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XII ; Oman, Chap. XV ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 275-286 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 513- 516 ; Gairdner, Lancaster and York, Chap. IV ; Lee, No. 99. 197. The character and career of Henry IV. 198. Henry IV : his title to the throne and its effect upon his reign and that of his successors. 199. What was the basis of Henry the Fourth's title to the crown ? What was his attitude toward parliament ? 200. Describe the attitude of Henry IV toward parlia- ment and the church. 201. Give an account of the Statute of Heresy. 202. Who were Owen Glendower ? The Percies ? What was Shrewsbury ? 203. Give an account of the origin and histor5 r of the Lollards. Henry V, 1413-1422. 1. Trouble with the Lollards — Oldcastle. 2. Renewal of Hundred Years' War. (a) Causes. (b) Agincourt, 1415. (c) Seige of Rouen. (d) Treaty of Troyes, 1420. — 37 — References : Andrews, §§ 146-149 ; Cheyney, § 233 ; Mont., §§ 338-343 ; Earned, §§ 103-105 ; Gard., pp. 299- 306 ; C. & K., pp. 191-194 ; Walker, §§ 239-243 ; Wrong, pp. 204-209 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap., XIII ; Oman, Chap. XVI; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 287-302 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 516-525 ; Gairdner, Lancaster and York, Chap. V ; Kings- ford, Henry V. Map work : Conquests of Henry V, showing location of Agincourt, Calais and Rouen. References : Gardiner, Atlas, Nos. 16-17 ; Eabberton, Plate XXXVIII ; Andrews, p. 116 ; C. & K., p. 192 ; Walker, p. 222. 204. Compare the causes of the war with France in the reigns of Edward III and Henry V. 205. Describe the conquest of France. 206. What was the motive and what was the result of Henry the Fifth's invasion of France? To what was his victory at Agincourt due? 207. Describe the campaign in France under Henry V. 208. When was the following battle fought, between whom, and with what results : Agincourt ? 209. Give an account of the Treaty of Troyes. 210. Compare the terms of the Treaties of Troyes and Bretigny. 211. Indicate on the map the English frontier on the European continent in the time of Henry V. Henry VI, 1422-1461. 1 . Conclusion of Hundred Years' War. (a) Campaigns of Bedford and Gloucester. (b) Joan of Arc. (1) At Orleans. (2) Coronation of French King. (3) Martyrdom. (c) King's marriage. (d) Doss of France except Calais. 2. Wars of Roses, 1 450-1 485. Thompson, Wars of York and Lancaster. (a) Indirect causes — State of England. ( 1 ) Power of Nobles. -38- (2) Decline of Church. (3) Decline of Parliament. ( b) Direct causes. (r) Dissatisfaction with government — Cade's Rebellion. (2) Hostility of Houses of York and Lan- caster. (c) St. Albans, 1455. (d) Northampton, 1460. fe) Wakefield, 1460. (f) Towton, 1 46 1. References : Andrews, §§ 149-154 ; Cheyney, §§ 234-236; Mont., §§ 344-356, 371 ; learned, §§ 106-112; Gard., Chaps. XX-XXI ; C. & K., pp. 194-201 ; Walker, §§ 244- 255 ; Wrong, pp. 209-220 ; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 261-267 ; Oliphant, Jeanne d* Arc ; Oman, Chap. XVII, pp. 245-253; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 303-327 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 526-555 ; Oman, Warwick; Gairdner, Lancaster and York, Chap. VII ; Creasy, Chap. IX ; Colby, Nos. 37-40 ; Kendall, Nos. 45-46 ; L,ee, No. 102. 2i2. What were the causes of the beginning of the Hundred Years' War with France in the reign of Edward III ? Why was the war continued in the reigns of Henry V and VI ? 213. The campaigns in France under Henry VI. 214. Describe the career and fate of Joan of Arc. 215. Describe the Hundred Years' War as to its progress in the reigns of Edward III, Henry V and Henry VI, covering an important event and the results of the war in ea'ch reign. 216. What was the importance of the following events in the Hundred Years' War : (a) Sluys, (b) Crecy, (c) Poitiers, (d) Agincourt, (e) siege of Orleans? 217. Discuss the changes effected in the map of Europe by the Hundred Years' War. 218. Name and mark on the map six battles fought by England and France. State briefly the circumstances of each. — 39 — 219. Explain " Wars of the Roses." 220. Describe Jack Cade's rebellion and show how it can be connected with the Wars of the Roses. 221. Mention and describe one event in the Lancastrian period showing the importance of (a) the church, (b) parliament, (c) the nobles. 222. Discuss parliament during the Lancastrian period. 223. The Lancastrians and the church. 224. England's relations with Scotland during the Lan- castrian period. 225. Evidences of weakness on the part of the Lan- castrian kings. Yorkist England. Edward IV, 1461-14S3. Wars of Roses (Continued). 1. Character and government of King. 2. Relations with Warwick, "King Maker." 3. Barnet, 147 1. 4. Tewkesbury, 147 1. 5. Introduction of printing — Caxton. References ; Andrews, §§ 155-156 ; Cheyney, §§ 237, 251 ; Mont., §§ 357-360 ; Earned, §§ 113-114, 118 ; Gard., pp. 329-337 ; C. & K., pp. 200-202 ; Walker, §§ 256-259, 265 ; Wrong, pp. 220-228 ; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 267-272 ; Gairdner, Lancaster and York, Chap. VIII ; Oman, pp. 254-264 ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 328-340 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. .555-584 ; Oman, Warzvick ; Colby, Nos. 41-43. Edward V, 1483. Wars of Roses (Continued). 1. Guardianship of Richard, Duke of Gloucester. 2. Murder of Princes. References : Andrews, $ 157 ; Cheyney, § 240 ; Mont. §§ 3 6l ~3 6 3 ; Larned, §§115 ; Gard., pp. 337-342 ; C. & K., p. 202 ; Walker, § 260 ; Wrong, pp. 228-231 ; Smith, Vol. I, p. 272 ; Gairdner, Lancaster a?id York, Chap. IX ; Oman, pp. 264-266 ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 341-344 ; Green, Vol. II, p. 584 ; Colby, No. 48. Richard III, 1483-1485. Wars of Roses (Concluded). 1. Character of government. — 4 o — 2. Bosworth Field. 3. Effect of Wars. Social and economic condition of people under Lancas- trians and Yorkists. Andrews, §§160-163 ; Cheyney, §§238-239 ; Mont., S£ 374-378 ; Walker, §§263-264,. Wrong, Chap. XI ; Traill, Vol. II, Chap. VII. References : Andrews, §§ 158-159 ; Cheyney, §§ 240- 241 ; Mont., §S 364-369 ; Larned, §§ 11 5-1 17 ; Gard., pp. 342-343 ; C. & K., pp. 202-209 ! Oman, pp. 266-271 ; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 273-278 ; Walker, §S 261-262 ; Wrong, pp. 231-233 ; Gairdner, Lancaster and York, Chaps. X,. XII ; Bright, Vol. I, pp. 344-354 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 584-587 ; Gairdner, Richard III. Map work : The Wars of the Roses, showing the parts of England held by the Red and White Rose and the import- ant battles. References : Gardiner, Atlas, No. 18 ; Lab- . berton, Plate XXXVIII ; Andrews, p. 212 ; C. & K., p. 199 ; Larned, p. 233 ; Mont., p. 174; Walker, p. 233 ;. Wrong, p. 218. 226. How the Yorkists secured the throne. 227. Mention the military events associated with the name of Warwick the King Maker and explain their sig- nificance. 228. Describe the services of William Caxton. 229. Show how Richard III attained the throne and how and why he lost it. 230. Describe the battle of Bosworth Field and its re- sults. 231. Give an account of the Wars of the Roses as to (a) direct and remote causes, (b) part taken by Margaret of Anjou, (c) duration and results, (d) how the people were benefited. 232. Indicate the various stages in the Wars of the Roses. 233. Show the part taken in the Wars of the Roses by Edmund of Somerset, Richard of York, Margaret of An- jou, Warwick and Richmond. 234. Mention in order the different dynasties (families of — 4i — sovereigns), that ruled England from the Norman Conquest to the accession of Henry VII. Give approximately the length of each dynastic period mentioned. Tudor England. Henry VII, 1485-1509. 1. Characteristics of New Government. Montague, pp. 94-104. 2. Pretenders, Simnel and Warbeck. 3. Restrictions on the Barons — Morton. (a) Livery and Maintenance. (b) Court of Star Chamber. 4. Financial Policy — Empsou and Dudley. 5. Foreign Policy — Marriage of Sons. 6. Henry and Scotland — Marriage of Daughter. " 7. Henry and Ireland — Poynings' Law, 1494. Joyce, Part III, Chap. XV. 8. Commerce and Discovery. References : Andrews, S£ 164-172 ; Cheyney, §§ 242-250 ; Mont., SS 379-389; Larned, ^^119-126; Gard., Chap. XXIII ; C. & K., pp. 214-220 ; Walker, SS 267-275 ; Wrong, pp. 233-240 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XV ; Oman, Chap. XX ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 587-593, 904-906 ; Mo- berly, Early Tudors, Chaps. I-VII ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 355-365 ; Gairdner, Henry the Seventh ; Gairdner, Richard III, pp. 263-335 ; Montague, pp. 92-102 ; Colby, Nos. 51- 52. 235. Discuss the effect on England of her possessions in France, illustrated by events in the history of England. 236. The origin and decay of feudalism in England. 237. Vices and virtues of the feudal system. 238. Locate on the map (a) two manufacturing towns in England, (b) two seaports, (c) two cathedral towns. State briefly the historical interest of each. 239. Discuss the changes that took place in the life and industry of the people of England in the fifteenth century. 240. What were the Wars of the Roses ? Tell what you know of the battle of Bosworth Field. What changes were made by the Wars of the Roses ? — 42 — 241. What new dynast}' was established in England at the close of the 15th century? Who was the first king of that family ? What measures did he take to restore peace and order ? 242. In what fashion does the reign of Henry VII mark a new epoch in English History ? 243. Claims of Henry VII to the throne and how he strengthened them. 244." Explain the strength of the Tudor kings, illustrat- ing from the reign of Henry VII. 245. Define or explain the Court of the Star Chamber. 246. Define or explain Morton's Fork. 247. Define or explain benevolences. 248. Explain the following : " Henry [VII] established a special tribunal for dealing with the offenses of men, whose power and influence might foil and divert the ordi- nary course of justice." 249. Compare Poynings' Law with the Statute of Kil- kenny as to their effect on the relations between the Eng- lish and Irish. 250. What were the characteristics of the reign of Hen- ry VII ? 251. Discuss the benefits conferred upon the people by Henry VII ? 252. Justify the following statement in regard to the reign of Henry VII : " Henry's chief merit was that he had re-established order." Henry VIII, 1509-1547. 1. Character of King. 2. Relations with Parliament. 3. Wolsey and England's foreign policy. Creighton, Cardinal Wolsey. 4. Reformation in England. (a) First Stage to 1536 — Political. (1) Character of Reformation in Europe — Henry and Euther. (2) The Oxford Reformers. (3) The question of the divorce. (4) Execution of More and Fisher. — 43 — (b) Second Stage — Religious. ( i ) Ten Articles. (2) Suppression of the Monasteries. (3) Cranmer's Reforms. (4) King's Marriages. (c) Results of Reformation — Pilgrimage of Grace. 6. Henry and Scotland. (a) Flodden Field, 1513. (b) Solway Moss, 1542. 7- Henry and Ireland. Joyce, pp. 354-388 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 906-916. References: Andrews, £§ 173-190; Cheyney, §§252- 273; Mont., §£ 390-412; Larned, §§ 127-146; Gard., Chaps. XXIV-XXVI ; C. & K., pp. 220-236 ; Walker, §§ 276-288 ; Wrong, pp. 267-293 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XVI ; Oman, Chap. XXI, pp. 296-308 ; Moberly, Early Tudors, Chaps. VIII-XVI ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 366-421, 479-487 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 593-709 ; Lee, Great English- men, Chap. II ; Montague, pp. 107-108 ; Colby, Nos. 53- 57 ; Kendall, Nos. 44-48 ; Lee, Chaps. XIV-XV. 253. Describe the foreign policy of Henry VII and show its effect on the reign of Henry VIII. 254. Discuss England's relations with Spain and France and their significance in the reign of Henry VIII. 255. Describe the Field of the Cloth of Gold and indicate its significance. 256. Describe the part played in English history by Cardinal Wolsey. 257. What was the principle and what the result of Wolsey 's policy in foreign affairs? 258. England and the Papacy from the Norman conquest to the Reformation. 259. Describe any earlier attempts to reform the church before the reign of Henry VIII. 260. Define or explain the New Learning. 261. The Oxford Reformers : the origin, purpose and significance of their work. 262. Describe the beginnings of the Reformation in England. — 44 — 263. What measures leading to the Protestant Reforma- tion in England were taken during the reign of Henry VIII? 264. What was the cause of Henry the Eighth's breach with Rome ? 265. The circumstances attending the marriage and di- vorce of Queen Catherine (of Aragon). 266. Outline the career of Wolsey. 267. Explain annates. 268. Tell what you know about Sir Thomas More. 269. An account of Thomas Cromwell. How did he control parliament ? 270. Why did Henry VIII persecute both Catholics and Protestants'? 271. State facts to explain the following: "Proclaimed in England by a despot, the Reformation began there in tyranny ; scarcely born, she persecuted her partisans and her enemies alike." — Guizot. 272. Give a brief account of the chief measures taken by Henry VIII against the church. 273. When were the English monasteries dissolved ? By whom and why ? 274. Describe the political and economic effects of the dissolution of the monasteries in the reign of Henry VIII. 275. What is the historical importance of the marriages of Henry VIII ? 276. Discuss the feeling of the people of England on the Reformation. 277. What do you know about the Pilgrimage of Grace ? 278. Compare the Reformation in England with the Reformation in Europe. 279. When was the following battle fought, between whom and with what results : Flodden Field ? 280. Write on the life of Henry VIII, noting especially (a) his descent and claim to the throne ; (b) the political significance of his first two marriages ; (c) his provision for the succession. 281. Mention one important act of parliament in the reign of Henry VIII and give an account of it. — 45 — 282. How did the personal desires of Henry VIII leave their mark on England ? Edward VI, 1547-1553- i. Period of Somerset. (a) Edward and Mary Queen of Scots. (b) Progress of Reformation. ( i ) Renewed Confiscations. (2) Reforms of Cranmer. (3) Popular discontent — Ket's Rebellion. (c) Fall of Somerset. (2) Period of Northumberland. (a) Edward and Education. (b) Edward and Charity. (c) Edward's Will — Lady Jane Grey. References: Andrews, §§ 191-199; Cheyney, $§ 273- 285 ; Mont., §§ 413-419 ; learned, §§ 147-153 ; Gard., pp. 412-421; C. & K., pp. 236-240; Walker, $$ 289-293; Wrong, pp. 228-295 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XVII ; Creigh- ton, Elizabeth, Chap. II ; Oman, pp. 308-313 ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 422-443 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 709-716 ; Colby, Nos. 58-59; Kendall, No. 49 ; Eee, Nos. 122-127. 283. The power and influence of the Duke of Somerset in the reign of Edward VI. 284. The relations of Edward VI and Mary Queen of Scots. 285. Describe the progress of the reformation in the reign of Edward VI. 286. Define or explain iuclosures. 287. The power and influence of the Duke of Northum- berland in the reign of Edward VI. 288. What arrangement had Henry VIII made for the succession ? What attempt was made to change it, and why ? 289. The career of the L,ady Jane Grey. Mary, 1553-1558. 1. Wyatt's Rebellion. 2. Queen's Marriage. 3. Mary and Reformation. 4. Doss of Calais. - 4 6- References : Andrews, §§ 200-204 ; Cheyney, $§ 286- 293 ; Mont., §S 420-427 ; Earned, §§ 154-159; Gard., pp. 421-427; C. & K., pp. 240-244; Walker, §§ 294-298; Wrong, pp. 295-299; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XVIII ; Creigh- ton, Elizabeth, Chaps. III-IV ; Oman, Chap. XXIII ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 444-461 ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 716-731 ; Colby, No. 60; Kendall, Nos. 50-51 ; L,ee, Nos. 128-132. 290. Describe and account for the friendly relations be- tween England and Spain in the reign of Mary Tudor. 291. How far had the Church been reformed at the acces- sion of Mary Tudor? 292. Describe the attempts of Mary Tudor to restore the Roman Catholic Church in England. 293. Describe and justify from earlier reigns Mary's per- secution of the Protestants. ■ 294. The career of Cranmer. 295. When, and under what circumstances did the English lose their last possession in France ? 296. The reign of Mary. Elizabeth, 1 558-1 603. 1. Situation at her accession. 2. Personality and Internal Government. (a) Character of Elizabeth. (b) Elizabeth and Reformation. Montague, pp. 109-uo. (1) Act of Uniformity. ( 2 ) Act of Supremacy. (c) Elizabeth and Commerce. (d) Elizabeth's Court and Parliament. 3. Relations with Mary Queen of Scots. Hume, Mary Queen of Scots ; Rait, Mary Queen of Scots ; Mig- uet, Mary Queen of Scots. (a) Early life of Mary. (b) Mary's claims to English Throne. (c) Reformation in Scotland — John Knox. (d) Character of Mary's relations with the Presb}'- terians. (e) Her marriages. — 47 — (f) Mary in England. (g) Her Execution. 4. Relations with Foreign States. (a) Elizabeth's peace policy. ( 1 ) Question of her marriage and its impor- tance. (2) Relations with Spain, Holland and France. (3) How and why peace was maintained. (4) Results of peace policy. (b) Her war policy — Spanish Armada and its re- sults, 1588. Creighton, Elizabeth, Book VI, Chap. II. 5. Relations with Ireland. 6. Growth of literature. Social and economic condition of people under Tudors. C. & K., Chap. IX ; Mont., SS 461-466 ; Walker, Chap. XX ; Wrong, Chap. XIII ; Traill, Vol. III. References : Andrews, §§ 205-230 ; Cheyuey, §§ 294- 341 ; Mont., §§ 428-457 ; Earned, §§ 160-182 ; Gard., Chaps. XXVIII-XXX; C. &. K., pp. 244-265 ; Walker, §§ 299-318 ; Wrong, pp. 299-322 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XIX ; Green, Vol. II, pp. 732-93 1 . Vol. Ill, pp. 933~966; Feilden, pp. 288-290 ; Hallam, Chaps. III-V ; Beesly, Elizabeth ; Oman, Chap. XXIV ; Creighton, Elizabeth ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 488-580 ; Eee, Great Englishmen, Chaps. III-VIII ; Creasy, Chap. X; Colby, Nos. 61-67 ; Kendall, Nos. 53-60; Lee, Nos. 133-147. 297. Sketch the history of the Reformation in England. What was the attitude of the Queen, Mary Tudor, toward the Reformation ? Of Queen Elizabeth ? 298. The reign of Elizabeth is sometimes called the Age of Adventure. Name three of her subjects whose deeds -contributed to make this title appropriate and mention an achievement of each. 299. Outline the career of Mary, Queen of Scots. 300. Describe and account for the rivalry between Queen Elizabeth and Mary, Queen of Scots. 301. Relate the circumstances that made the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots seem a political necessity. - 4 8- 302. Mention three important causes of enmity between England and Spain in the reign of Elizabeth. 303. State the circumstances that led Philip II of Spain to attempt the invasion of England. Mention facts show- ing two marked characteristics of Elizabeth's reign. 304. What was the cause and what the result of the Spanish Armada ? 305. How far may the defeat of the Spanish Armada be regarded as a turning point in English History? 306. Write an essay on the reign of Queen Elizabeth. 307. Write on the Elizabethan age : its distinctions. 308. For what reasons may Elizabeth's reign be con- sidered important ? 309. Name the Tudor sovereigns. What marriage alliances with foreigners did any of them make? 310. What was the arrangement made by Henry VIII for the succession to the throne ? Show how the parentage of each of his successors influenced their reigns. 311. Illustrate from the Tudor period some of the dangers incurred by a close union of church and state. 312. Crown and parliament in the 15th century. 313. Define or explain monopolies. 314. Discuss Tudor policy in Ireland. Stuart England. James I. 1603-1625. 1. Character of King. 2. How King Governed. Montague, pp. 115-117. 3. King and Religion. (a) Hampton Court Conference, 1604. (b) Gunpowder Plot, 1605. 4. Exploration and Colonization. 5. King and Ireland — Plantation of Ulster. 6. King and Spain. (a) Thirty Years' War. (b) Raleigh. (c) Spanish marriage. References: Andrews, §§ 231-240; Cheyney, §§ 342- 368; Mont., §§ 467-480; Earned, §§ 183-201; Gard., — 49 — Chap. XXXI ; C. & K., pp. 285-295 ; Walker, §§ 334- 343 ; Wrong, pp. 337-351 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XX ; Oman, Chap. XXV ; Puritan Revolution , Chaps. I-II, III, § 1 ; Hallam, Chap. VI ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 581-607 ; Green, Vol. Ill, pp. 967-1019 ; Colby, Nos. 68-69 ; Ken- dall, Nos. 69-71 ; Lee, Nos. 148-154. 315. What monarch succeeded Elizabeth upon the English throne? Give a sketch of his personal character. What was the gunpowder plot ? 316. Illustrate and account for the change of attitude of parliament after the accession of James I. 317. Discuss the religious situation on the accession of James I and how the king dealt with it. 318. Why did the Separatists leave the Church of England ? 319. Show in what period of English history colonial enterprise originated. Give three reasons that led England to plant colonies. 320. Write briefly on the Plantation of Ulster. 321. Compare the Irish policy of James I with that of the Tudors and its effect on the Irish. 322. Tell what you know about Raleigh. 323. The chief public questions of the reign of James I. What progress was made toward settling them in James's time ? Charles I, 1 625-1 649. 1. The King and the Petition of Right, 1 625-1 628. (a) Character of Charles. (b) His French marriage and its consequences. (c) His need of money and how met. (d) The Petition of Right, 1628. Montague, pp. 1 18-120; Old South Leaflets, No. 23. (e) Question of tonnage and poundage.. 2. Ten Years of Absolute Rule, 1629- 1639. (a) Imprisonment and death of Eliot. (b) Devices for raising money — Hampden and Ship Money. Old South Leaflets, No. 60. (c) The "thorough" policy of Laud and Went- worth. — 5° — (d) Results of king's personal rule. 3. King and the Long Parliament, 1 639-1 642. (a) Its summons— Scottish revolt (Bishops' Wars) ► (b) Attainder and execution of Strafford. (c) Divisions in parliament. (d) Irish insurrection, 1641. (e) Grand Remonstrance, 1641. Old South Leaf- lets, No. 24.. (f) Case of Five Members, 1642. 4. The Great Civil War, 1 642-1 649. (a) First Stage, Edgehill to Marston Moor, 1642- 1644. ( 1 ) Division of England between Roundheads and Cavaliers. (2) Edgehill. (3) The Solemn League and Covenant. Old South Leaflets, No. 25. (4) King's Intrigues with Ireland. (5) Marston Moor. (b) Second Stage, Marston Moor to Naseby, 1644- 1645- ( 1 ) Cromwell's Ironsides — New Model Army. (2) Execution of Laud. (3) Hostility of Scots to Parliament. (4) Naseby. (c) Third Stage, Naseby to Execution of King,. 1 645- 1 649. (1) King's Surrender to Scots and Negotia- tions with Army. (2) King's Escape and Second Civil War,. 1648. (3) Pride's Purge. (4) Trial and Execution. References : Andrews, $$ 241-260 ; Cheyney, £§ 369- 406; Mont., §§ 481-501; Earned, §§ 202-246; Gard., Chaps. XXXII-XXXV ; C. & K., pp. 295-320; Walker,. §§ 344-382 ; Wrong, pp. 351-377 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XXI ; Green, Vol. Ill, pp. 1019-1204 ; Puritan Revolution,. pp. 50-160 ; Oman, Chap. XXVI, pp. 380-402 ; Hallam,. — 5 1 — Chaps. VII-X, Part I ; Harrison, Cromwell, Chaps. Ill— VII ; Firth, Chaps. II-XI ; Morley, Book II, Chaps. I-V ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 608-687 ; Colby, Nos. 70-73 ; Kendall, Nos. 72-83 ; Lee, Nos. 155-163. Map work : The Great Civil War, showing the divisions of England between the Roundheads and Cavaliers and the principal battles. References : Gardiner, At'as, Nos. 29- 31 ; Andrews, p. 364 ; Cheyney, p. 442 ; C. & K., p. 312 ; Larned, p. 404; Mont., p. 248 ; Walker, p. 326; Wrong, P- 367- 324. Marriage of Charles I and Henrietta Maria and its consequences. 325. What was the occasion and what were the contents of the Petition of Right ? 326. State two provisions of the Magna Charta that are reaffirmed by the Petition of Right. 327. Describe the attempt of Charles I to be an absolute or personal monarch. 328. How far may the personal government of Charles I be regarded as the cause of the Civil War of 1642 ? 329. Describe the circumstances attending the failure of Charles I to exercise unrestricted power. 330. Why was Charles I forced to summon the Long Parliament and what were its important acts ? 331. State in regard to the Scottish covenant (1638): (a) cause ; (b) purpose ; (c) effects on political events in England. 332. Explain the Long Parliament. 333. For what reasons did the House of Commons find fault with Charles I ? 334. Describe the part played in English history by Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford. 335. Write on the Grand Remonstrance. 336. What reforms were effected by the Long Parlia- ment ? In what ways were these reforms important ? 337. Distinguish the religious, political and social causes of the Puritan Revolution. 338. Show why the struggle in the reign of Charles I was a Puritan revolution. 339- How was James I responsible for the Great Civil War? 340. Why were the English Puritans opposed to Charles I ? 341. Show the importance of the following events as causes of the Great Civil War : (a) Laud's policy ; (b) Case of the Five Members ; (c) Charles's marriage with a French princess ; (d) the Grand Remonstrance. 342. In what ways did the Scotch aid the English Puri- tans against Charles I ? 343. Trace the relations between England and Scotland during the war. 344. What were the chief stages in the Great Civil War from 1642 to 1 65 1 ? 345. Tell what you know about John Hampden. 346. Describe and state the importance of the battle of Marston Moor. 347. When was Naseby fought, between whom, and with what results? 348. Why did Parliament win in the struggle with Charles I ? 349. What persons are responsible for the final result in the Great Civil War ? Prove your assertions. 350. Show why the king was executed and its effect on the situation in England. Was parliament justified in this step? 551. Give (a) two reasons why Parliament regarded Charles I a public enemy ; (b) one reason why the execu- tion of Charles I was illegal. 352. Illustrate by events in the reign of Charles I his belief in the Divine Right Theory. 353. What were the questions at issue during the war and how were they settled ? 354. Show the effect on the history of America of the reigns of (a) James I ; (b) Charles I. 355. What settlements in America were made by the English Puritans ? — 53 — Commonwealth, 1649-1653. (1) Nature of Government and its Supporters. (2) Attempts to restore Stuarts. (a) Cromwell in Ireland — Massacre of Drogheda (Tredah), 1649. (b) Cromwell in Scotland — Dunbar and Worcester, 1650-1651. (3) Commercial policy. (a) Navigation Act. (b) War with the Dutch. (4) Overthrow of Commonwealth. Old South Leaf- lets, No. 28. References : Andrews, §§ 261-264 ; Cheyney, S$ 407- 411 ; Mont., SS 502-506 ; Darned, §§ 247-257 ; Gard., pp. 561-568; C. & K., pp. 321-324; Walker, S§ 383-390; Wrong, pp. 379-390 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XXII ; Green, Vol. Ill, pp. 1205-1232 ; Puritan Revolution, Chap. VIII ; Morley Book IV ; Firth, Chaps. XII-XV ; Corbett, Monk, Chaps. VI-VII ; Harrison, Cromwell, Chaps. VIII-X ; Oman, pp. 402-412 ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 688-704; Colby, No. 75 ; Kendall, Nos. 84-87 ; Lee, Nos. 164-166. Oliver Cromwell, Protector, 1653-165 S. 1. The Instrument of Government. Montague, pp. 132-133; Old South Leaflets, No. 27. 2. Character of Cromwell. 3. Foreign Policy — War with Spain. 4. Internal Policy. 5. Death and question of succession. References: Andrews, §$ 264-267; Cheyney, §§412- 415; Mont., §§ 507-514; Larned, §§ 258-262; Gard., pp. 568-574; C. & K., pp. 324-329; Walker, §§ 39i~396 ; Wrong, pp. 390-401 ; Smith, Vol. I, Chap. XXIII ; Green, Vol. Ill, pp. 1233-1271 ; Morley, Book V; Firth, Chaps. XVI-XXI ; Documents, pp. 407-416 ; Puritan Revolution, Chap. IX ; Corbett, Monk, Chap. VIII ; Harrison, Crom- well, Chaps. XI-XIV ; Oman, pp. 412-416 ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 704-715; Old South Leaflets, No. 62; Colby, No. 76 ; Kendall, Nos. 88-89; Lee, Nos. 167-169. Restoration of Stuarts. 1. Causes — Protectorate of Richard Cromwell. — 54 — 2. Monk's part. 3. Restoration of Long Parliament. 4. Declaration of Breda, 1660. References: Andrews, & 268; Cheyney, §§ 414, 416; Mont., $S 515-518; Larned, $§ 263-266; Gard., pp. 574- 577 ; C. & K., pp. 329-330 ; Walker, $$ 397-400; Wrong, pp. 401-404; Green, Vol. Ill, pp. 1271-1285; Smith, Vol. I, pp. 644-650 ; Puritan Revolution, Chap. X, §$ 1-2 ; Cor- bett, Monk, pp. 1 12-194 ; Oman, pp. 416-419 ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 715-721; Airy, English Restoration, Chap. VII; Colby, No. 77; Kendall, No. 90; Lee, Nos. 170-174. 356. Describe the part played in English History by Oliver Cromwell. 357. Explain the Protectorate. 358. What powers were vested in Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector ? 359. Sketch the career of Oliver Cromwell. What change was made in the government of England soon after his death ? 360. Explain how the changing events of English his- tory from 1620 to 1660 influenced emigration to North America. Charles II, 1660-1685. Taylor, England under Charles II. 1. Royalist reaction (Period of Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon), 1 660-1 667. (a) Relations of King and Parliament. (b) Religious persecution. Montague, pp. 137-138. (1) The Non-Conformists. (2) Corporation Act. (3) Conventicle Act. (4) Five Mile Act. (c) King and Louis XIV. (1) King's marriage and results. (2) Sale of Dunkirk. (d) Dutch War and capture of New Amsterdam. (e) Plague and Fire. 2. King's attempt to favor Catholics (Period of Cabal), 1667-1674. (a) Nature and purpose of Cabal. — 55 — (b) Triple Alliance, 1668. (c) Treaty of Dover. (d) Declaration of Indulgence, 1672. (e) Test Act, 1673. 3. Formation of Parties (Period of Dauby and closing years). (a) Shaftesbury and the rise of parties. (b) Anti-Catholic measures. Montague, pp. 141- 142. (1) Popish Plot. (2 ) Exclusion Bill. (3) Rye House Plot. (c) Habeas Corpus Act. Montague, pp. 142-143. References : Andrews, §§ 269-282 ; Cheyney, §§ 417- 446; Mont., §§ 5I9-53 6 ; Larned, §§ 267-284; Gard., Chaps. XXXVII-XL ; C. & K., pp. 332-347 ; Walker, §§ 405-432 ; Wrong, pp. 405-419 ; Smith, Vol. II, Chap. I ; Green, Vol. Ill, pp. 1317-1409, Vol. IV, pp. 1411-1441 ; Hale, Fall of Stuarts, Chaps. I-VI ; Airy, English Restora- tion, Chaps. VH-XXII ; Hallam, Chaps. XI-XIII ; Oman, Chap. XXIX ; Bright, Vol. II, pp. 722-760 ; Puri- tan Revolution, pp. 198-21 1; Colby, No. 78; Kendall, Nos. 91-97 ; Lee, Nos. 175-177. 361. Give an account of the Restoration, touching 011