It: 870 i'i ne fl9 opy 1 ia^DOIfi) ODotorS compiled by JJ^ eflutomobile ^•fjfSr-tiilMi^,,;; Published by The Automobile Club or Soutnern Caliromia 1344 south figueroa street los angeles, cal. Price 25 Cents Copyriaht, April 10th, 1915 l^vtiatt California's Golden Age is no more reflected in the past than in the present. Today is linked to yesterday by the "Cathe- drals in the Sun" — California's ^lissions. Here for the first time is presented a complete tour of all the Missions located between the two Expositions. In presenting this data to the visiting and the resident motorists, the Automobile Club of Southern California has attempted a simple arrangement of fact. The route, known to historians as El Camino Real (The King's Highway) has, by popular usage become known as the "Coast Route." All of the missions are located here. Time should be no object in wandering along this route of the padres. Each crumbling ruin (and all are not ruins), has its individual story, its history. Inquiry at Club headquarters for up-to-date road information is advised. This may be secured at 1344 South Figueroa Street, Los Angeles; The Hotel Maryland, Pasadena; The Grant Hotel Building, San Diego; and the Chamber of Commerce Building, Santa Barbara. ^ V 'CIA;J988.')7 MAY 17 1915 Qlatl}thtaiB in ti;}t ^nn More splendid in their melting glory than the Cathedrals of the Old World, CaUfornia's dust- brown missions call the motorist to the trails of yesterday over the highways of today. Wearily waiting for the inevitable end, when their tired walls have at last melted to the dust from which they sprang, when rain and wind have called earth's own back again, these ruins sleep majesticallj' on the rounded breasts of their native hills. Histories written now, or shortly to be written, can never recall to being for future generations the slewing walls. Fortunate among men are those that send their purring motors out over the California boulevards and see, with their own eyes opened to the wonder of the Things That Used To Be, the last good-bye of Father Serra's monuments. There are no stained glass windows in these missions; there are no $60,000 "Old Masters", there are no flamboyant mosaics, no carved fili- gree. Dedicated to the solemn service of God through the child-like faith of the padres, springing monumental from the soil on which they stand, these cathedrals of the newer world have taken their places in the heart of the sun over the blood of their builders. They do not claim the motorist's speeding regard with the enticements of the Old World art — they make no claim at all. History, romance, achieve- ments are their mural decorations, their Alpha and Omega: their first, and so — their last. The living speak for themselves — Santa Barbara, San Gabriel, Los Angeles, San Luis Obispo, Ventura and Mission Dolores. Recon- struction, preservation, supplementation have bested the elements in their eager work of destruction. It is the ruined which call most loudly, though their tongues are mute — Mission San Jose, La Soledad, San Juan Capistrano, San Diego. In this tour they plead tor recognition. It is not diflBcult to rehabilitate each adobe pile with the Ufe, the hopes, the ambitions of a cen- tury ago. In their patios gathered the Indians at sunrise, under their arches walked the con- templative Fathers at sunset, in their fields worked both at noontide. Soldiers swaggered there. Naked savages came down from the hills for their baptisms and Father Junipero Serra achieved, protective, over all. S.\N JUAN CAPISTRANO Biography San Juan Capistrano Mission Half way between San Gabriel and San Diego on the El Camino Real. Founded in 1776. Originally the most beauti- ful of all the missions and remarkable for the heavy stone carvings and the great tower which fell in the earthquake of 1812, killing the worshippers at their devotions. That, together with the elements, have left here the most picturesque of all the missions. Between the years of 1769 and 1823 their work was done — fifty-four years of patting mud into shapely tiles, of hewing sycamore boughs into sturdy timbers, ot brewing mortar from the limestone, of treading the motor highways of today. Where oxcarts creaked, where padres walked, twentieth century fliers are hurtling, still the dust is the same, the walls are there, and still, under the shadow of the self-same cross, the children of the missions, the Indians, are waiting for the end. Lion of them all, superb, benign, even tri- umphant in its passing, its work done, its history inscribed more deeply in the hearts of those that are going or have gone, than in any book, beckons San Juan Capistrano — ^sired by Necessity and whose dam was Hope. Just as Santa Barbara is the most vital living relic of the past, so is Capistrano its most glowing ruin. So much for the past. For the future the advent of the motor can promise a better under- standing of these missions. With the realiza- tion that they are melting into the Beyond, trickling slowly to their valley levels, efforts will be made to save them. But while they are in the glory of their departing days the motorist can do little better than to follow the routes herein portrayed and make of California's Mission Tour a journey through the gates. Motorists will choose one of three ways to cover the Mission Tour of the Automobile Club of Southern California. They will tour the length of the State, beginning at San Diego and working northward; they will tour south- ward from San Francisco or they will center their initial activity in and about Los Angeles. The latter is perhaps the best plan. Leaving Los Angeles, it is then possible to tour to San LOS ANGELES MISSION Situated in the center of Old Los Angeles at the Plaza. It is used now as a place of worship and is open to visitors. It is historically, but not architecturally significant. Diego over the Inland Route, stopping at Pala and the first mission founded, at San Diego, and returning over El Camino Real, California's Riviera, along the coast, stopping at San Luis Rey and San Juan Capistrano and then on to San Francisco. SAN G.\BRIEL One of the most prosperous of all the missions. Founded in 1771. To be remembered for its thousands of neophytes, its splendid -nines and its fertile fields. It is a pure type of what may be called Californian architecture — a combination of the Spanish and the Moorish. To know something of how, why and when the missions were built here on the western shore of America is imperative to a sympathetic under- standing of the mission romance. In its efforts to secure the Californias tor itself, Spain sent soldiers and priests to the coast for the purpose of establishing presidios (mili- tary bases) and missions — the latter to convert the Indians, which at that time were in the savage state. Landing first at San Diego, the succeeding years were made up of chapters of untold hardships on the part of the padres, ot Father Serra's long search for the Bay of Monte- rey, of the first baptism at San Diego, where, in 1769, the first mission was founded. In building these missions, the Fathers induced the Indians, as rapidly as they became tractable, to carrv logs down from the hills, to mold adobe SAN DIEGO MISSION San Diego de Alcala Significant as the first mission founded in California, date, July, 1769. Started first at the mouth of the San Diego River and later moved nearer the timbered mountains. Although far gone in ruins its site teems with the romance of the baptism of the first California Indian. From here the Fathers moved northward and the chain of missions was begun. and to build with stones, much as the Pyramids were built. Gradually, one by one. Father Serra added to his geographical rosary, other missions, until a long string, linked by El Camino Real, was spread along the Calitornia coast. Each mission within its walls encloses the life history of one or more of the padres who were Father Serra's lieutenants in the work, and all are dying tributes to the courage of the man himself. Whatever may be said of the success or failure of Spain's venture, the last word must be written for the personal enthusiasm of ■lunipero Serra. With the natural material at hand, adobe, limestone, sycamore boughs and stone, with crude tools fashioned here or brought on the ships from Spain, the padres, garbed in the clinging robes of their church, helped by half wild, half naked savages, built the walls seven feet in thickness and in places one hundred feet in height. With no interference from outside sources, which are generally reported under the head of secular greed, it is possible that these cathedrals, despite rain, despite earthquake, despite time, would all be standing as is Santa SAN LUIS REY San Lns Ret De Francia Founded in 1798 and in fair state of preservation, services being held and the doors remaining at this date open to visitors. Barbara today. However, for the most part, their work was done. In the advance ot civili- zation other forces concentrated in the develop- ment of California. Now, these missions are not the relic of any creed. They are the property of the people of the United States in a finer sense than that given by deed or title. Like the battlefield of Gettys- burg, like Plymouth Rock, Bunker Hill and the Liberty Bell, they belong to the soil of the Nation — they are the nation's wards. Every slipping wall, every crumbling arch, every loosening tile falling into dust tarnishes the bright escutcheon of the nation with that dust. Attempts to save them have been puny and futile — the motorist will know that at San Juan Capistrano. On February 2, 1915, the gateway to the children's quarters fell. SAX FERNANDO Mission San Fernando Dedicated in 1797, it stands now as the original stiucture, which was built on the ruins, this escaping the earthquake of 1812. Additions have been made throughout the years. It was the custom of the padres to cover the distance between the Missions, not in ox-carts or by horse, but on foot. By instinct they followed the routes of least resistance, winding among the hills and along the shore, seeking ever the level places for their weary tread. In after years their trails were broadened and over them ran ox-carts, carrying rich farm products to the market places. As time went on the ox-carts gave place to horse drawn vehicles and the by-ways that had become roads were improved, their course changed here and there to shorten the long distances. Finally came the automobile, steam shovels, modern methods, and El Camino Real, deviating only a little from the mission paths, was seized on as a great State highway; $18,000,000 in State bonds were passed with the promise of paved boulevards to come. These monuments in SANTA BARBARA Saxta Barbara Founded in 1782. Father Serra passed away two years later and many troubles befell the missions, among them being the denial of temporal power. It was one of the largest, most elaborate and best built of all the missions. Rebuilt after the earthquake of 1812, it still retains much of its original grandeur. concrete to the achievements of California's first civil engineers are no less real gifts to the world than were the missions themselves. As the problems of road building were met by the growing West, came another factor in the scheme of things that count. The Automobile Club of Southern California, develojiing into a powerful organization as naturally as developed the concrete highways, exercised its energy in placing guiding marks over tlic .5,000 miles of road crossing and recrossing the southern part of the State. Hero was installed the most com- plete system oi iiighway sign-posting in the world — the motorists' gift to the reclamation work of the padres. Today, from San Francisco to San Diego lies Serra's rosary, linked by the adamantine chain. Over it are rolHng motor cars from every State, compassing between sunrise and sunset the distance taken by the padres in the passing ot a moon. Calling ever are the missions, somnolent SAX LI 16 OBISPO San Luis Obispo De Tolosa Among the smallest and least important of all the missions. Was the home of Father Martinez, most romantic of all friars. He was convicted of smuggling and returned to Madrid. This mission was founded in 1772. as Old Acu, the Bellringer, in the shadow of his beloved Capistrano; calling, not by voices strained thru filigree, not by the rumble of Old Masters, nor by architecture's shriek, but by the subtler magnetism oi the past — the assured completeness of Old Age, the satisfaction of a life well spent, a work well done. VENTURA San Bcena Ventuba Founded by Father Junipero Serra personally. Situated now in the heart of Ventura, the old mission was once the scene of many attacks by Indians. Bullet marks may now be seen on the walls. Its powei languished after 1830. It appears now only as a church, all its former glory and beauty having sunk into decay. SANTA YNEZ Santa Ynez Never as large or as rich as many of the missions, it still remains a monument of beauty — all that was left after the earthquake. It was founded in ISOl. Five of the original bells hang in a reconstructed tower. LA SOLEDAD This was the starving brother of all the missions. Its crops were poor, its neophytes few, and iis architecture simple. It occupies a place in California's history as being the leanest of many fat cattle, which were the missions. It was founded in 1791. PALA San Antonio De Pal.i Was once a branch of San Luis Rey, and remains only as a tower of bells, a modern Indian school and a general store. It is situated at the base of the beautiful Palamar Mountains and on the San Luis Rey River. SAN MIGUEL One of the most important of the Spanish outposts ct religion on the Pacific Coast since its fcunding in 1797. This place of worship has changed very little since its original com- pletion and is well worth close study. The arrangement of the arches distinguish this church from the others. SAN JUAN BAUTISTA Hampered after its founding in 1797 by Indian laids and intrigues. It was the most unfortunate of all the missions and suffered from fire, raid, antl earthquake. LA PURISIMA COXCEPCION Although founded in 1787, it was completely demolished by the earthquake of 1812 and the ruins swept away by the river. Later the church structure was .ebuilt and dedicated In viewing many of the seeming ruins it must be remembered that they are not the original edifices. Fifteen thousand souls were converted to the faith here. SAX A.MUXKJ OK PAULA Its Influence extended for hundreds of miles and more than one thousand Indians servea its cause. Founded in 1771. The original structure was replaced in 1813, and increased in impoi'lance up until that time. CARMEL El Carmelo Founded at the end of Father Serra's long walk to discover the Bay of Monterey. It was dedicated to King Carlos. Founded in 1770, was restored in 1881, upon the original plans. The tower is a replica of the first and the splendid f.imishings of the first edifice have been preserved. SAN JOSE The original bjilding, founded in 1796, was unpretentious and poor. Another building was erected in 1800 and is .>.till standing. San Jose is noted mere for its fields and gardens than for its architectural beauty. '^^m&i^ SANTA CRUZ Founded in 1790. This mission had a very vinhappy exist- ence, experiencing numerous attacks by Indians. No vestige of the ruins now remain. SANTA CLARA Santa Clara De Assis Founded in 1777. It was first built on the shores of San Francisco Bay but completely ruined by storms and high tides. The second structure was rebuilt farther inland but it was not a prosperous mission and soon went to ruin. There are also no signs of the ruins of this mission remaining. SANTA CLARA DE MONTEREY Situated in the City of Monterey. The building is now in good repair and is being used as a church. DELORES Sa-N" Kran'cisco De Aasis Escaping the fire of 1906, the building as it stand? today is reminiscent of its original cast, although it has been repaired to some extent. It was founded in 1776 and is still used as a place of worship. Memorial What Columbus, Washington and Lincoln have been to the United States of America, Father Junipero Serra, a Franciscan priest born on the Island of Majorca in the year 1713, has been to California. When the Pacific Coast was as aboriginal as a South Sea Island, young Serra came to spend nine years among the naked Indians. Followed years of preaching in the Mexican College at Fernando, and finally, the presidency of the California Missions under the F. anciscan regime. Because he was an individual, harboring a slender frame, handicapped by an unfortunate lameness, a spirit greater than the disasters that beset him; because he placed for all time the State of California in an individual niche of fame, his individuality is etched tOrever on the Golden West. Napoleonic in executive ability, a Webster in pursuasive power, a Luther in religious fervor, this Padre of the past swept California before him into a living component of the civilized world. His travels by foot covered the western shore from Monterey to San Diego. His first work, done there, put the stamp of finalitj' on the later achievements. Thb inspiration of his vibrant personality was communicated to his lieutenants and they carried on what he had so masterly started. He passed away at San Carlos Mission, Monterey, in 1784, thirty-nine years after the founding of the last cathedral in the sun. His body lies at Monterey. iPASAOENA .MONROViA- TOURING BUREAU ROUTE AND M4P SERVICE AUTOMOBILE CLUB "f SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 1344 SO FIGUEROA- L03ANGELE5 fEI Monfi ^GABRIEL. ARCHANGBLi n ,»nfa. rOymavv£LA^f Mb \ . \NAHEIM Va>^"0NTAR,1' UPLAND: Wneville^ SAN ' IDINO Xt^HJh GRANGE : y- r IVERSIDE Modjeslia.- nonr-' rPerrib 1798 1 ■ SAN LIIISlRirV" DE FRAJVg' OCEAN SIDE, "O CAPI STRANG «„.,,. . ^^...^ i;^ scoNpmo Bernardo ^ Encinitas |vWarco5 % Del Ma J;^S^^^*^ /7'/'/>V Linda'' Beacf%m >f*^ ''?,' j : Ocealv^") /MISSION" ";:■ Beach® j j/SJsJSi DIEGO 1769 Corongdo,lBB| ^^:X SANltbiEGb ,/N^tional^^: V^lleqi' ^ J, AUTOMOBILr CLUB OF Eia SOUTHERN CALIFOQMIA sNy^°!l°! LE OFTME *? . CALIFORNIA ON EL CAMINO REAL Mission ©our ^o. I On leaving Los Angeles, go north on North Main Street to Eastlake Park, where turn to the right for one short block and then turn to the left onto Alhambra Avenue and follow east to the first well defined forks. Here take the left hand road, which will lead directly to San Gabriel Mission (8.5). After leaving the mission keep straight ahead to the main Inland Route which is rejoined in the vicinity of El Monte (13.4). From here on one follows a well-defined road with no chance of being misguided. This road is typical of the Southland, first showing the results of cultivation and later the land as it was before this improvement. From Los Angeles to Pomona, one passes through a country devoted to the raising of wheat and truck products but between Pomona (33.0) and Ontario (39.0) some of the finest orange groves in the South will be found. Not more than ten years ago, this section was a desert of sand and cactus. Between Ontario and Riverside (56.0) the nearest approach to the original desert will be found, although this is now producing thou- sands of tons of grapes a year for the famous Mission Vintage Wines. The City of Riverside is really the hub of this wonderful district, being set in a forest of orange trees on the banks of the Santa Ana River at the foot of Mt. Rubidoux. Many hours may be profitably spent on the drives of this section, but will be incomplete without a visit to the Mission Inn. Here the old mission architecture has been reproduced with wonderful exactness and the collection of Mission and Indian relics is one of the most wonderful in the world. After leaving Riverside, the road follows a series of small valleys to Pala (108.0) and on to San Diego (175.0). All this road is very pictur- esque and interesting. The return trip should be made over the Coast Route. On leaving San Diego the road passes through La Jolla (14.0), famous for its bathing and sea-caves, and on to Del Mar (25.0). Here a stop should be made at beautiful Stratford Inn, where one may sit, overlooking the ocean and be served with an excellent luncheon. From this point on to San Juan Capistrano (87.0) and Los Angeles (131.0), the State Highway is almost all completed, making one of the most beautiful drives in the State. Gavioti TOURING BUREAU ROUTE AND MAP SERVICE. AUTOMOBILE CLUB '/■ SOUTHERN CAUFORNIA lJ+4 50 FIGUEUOA LOSANGELtS SAN LUIS KTJ OBISPO CI Pismd: 71 Beach 178 LA concepcii Ilompo SAN LUIS /OBISPO A rroqo Grande--,-; - TA MARIA '^y. --•.■.v-f.^- ^amq5^-.;,.•.^,„/;:•;v;?t',,^^^- -oxen -- ^-^v •■■■-j-^^C:.-," ~ D5 0LIV03;''i;5V;;i::nN<4''' ' \ Naples'* •-'^'^Marcos Elwood 9'>assioi«" SANTA>,j BAR BAR All eodcf //Montalvct OXNARD^ ^ npTHC ~ OFTME CALIFORNIA ON EL CAMINO REAL SCALE IN MILES fc^;:. Nevybemp 1.1 Mpntecitoy; ■;'-v;^.yv'.ii^,^ n Miritnar-iZ';':: -. - "V'"-r-'''''!4s"^ " 5ummer^nclv!''''-'~ -"^ ^ farpenfena'-'. ^ _ ^_^^.="y£rsTuaAv.cp..'A'>.-."-' iasrlas^ -;=-'-■,■.■/'■ • . -/-.•.■■:'.\c-- .,,-cc - SAN DUEWAVENT|JltA;\ _s^NTA PAULA '•■rs:;;'-^^,iv/ iticoy" ^^^ '//(• ■--■ ■/,■' I- >3<^ Mborpai^ P'lTJ/Sl''- S^-- Calat'asas' SarrtaMdnica)/!' ^^ ■/ ^*Ca5taio, 6* Sanfa ' „ lusana £auqu5 iwei^rnouth , \l79tS^\N CvFEBNANDO '^^'ISSION I'a'nNugs Li_o --; gnkershim co .-^'iawfelle Venice A^/,JX ''' HOLLySboS) #^'^''''"'^ <^ LOS ANGELE^^^^5e;co MxBSton Eout ^o. 2 From Los Angeles follow the San Fernando Boulevard, which is a continuation of Avenue 20 from North Broadway. This will lead one directly to the San Fernando Mission (24.0), through the San Fernando Valley, one of Southern California's newest acquisitions and fast becoming its most productive section. From this point north there is a choice of three routes, any one of which is picturesque, but the Calabasas route is the most advisable on ac- count of the recently constructed State Highway. This road will lead directly to Ventura (76.0) through the Oxnard Valley, famed for its enormous production of beans. Luncheon may be had at Pierpont Inn or Hotel De Leon, after which a visit to the mission can be made, aU leaving ample time to make the run to Santa Barbara (108.0). This section of the road passes over the newly constructed Rincon Sea Level Route, which is unique in construction and very picturesque. In Santa Barbara the Potter or Arlington Hotels both furnish excellent accommodations. The Mission here is very interesting; also many hours may be spent on the drives of the city. The next day's drive wUl take one over the San Marcos Pass, the view from the summit of which is one of the most beautiful in the State. If possible a stop should be made at Mattai's Tavern in Los Olivos (142.0) for luncheon, as cuisine here is excellent, although plain. From here on the road passes through Foxen Canyon to Santa Maria. This town is the center of the Santa Maria Oil Fields, which lie in the hills on the west. From Santa Maria (200.0) to San Luis Obispo (232.0) the road passes El Pismo Beach, one of the finest bathing beaches on the Pacific Coast. Nearer San Luis Obispo, one will see one of the largest oil refineries in the West, but never operated. The City of San Luis Obispo is very prettily situated, being located in a small valley and entirely surrounded by timbered hills. Some very picturesque drives radiate from here to the various points of interest, svich as the old fishing towns of Cambria and Cavucos on the coast. -AJVfe Mwmtm Eant ^o. 3 From San Luis Obispo north the road passes over the Cuesta Grade into the Santa Mar- guarita Valley and th ru Oak groves and meadows to Paso Robles (261.0), famous for its hot sulphur baths. The surrounding country is all very beautiful, consisting of rolling hills covered with oak and pine trees. From Paso Robles to Jolon (307.0) the coun- try is all about the same, but after leaving the latter place the road descends into the Salinas Valley and from this point on to Salinas level territory will be found. A side trip to Monterey and the Forty Mile Drive should not be missed, as these places, as well as Carmel Mission, are among the most picturesque places of Northern California. Many delightful days may be spent in the vicinity of Monterey and Pacific Grove, touring to the beaches and the Big Trees. After leaving Salinas, the road winds over the San Juan Grade to San Juan, a sleepy little town at the foot of the hills, and on up the Santa Clara Valley to San Jose (427.0). Here the road diverges, one leading to Mission San Jose and on into Oakland (471.0), and the other following the peninsula to San Francisco (473.0). Both routes are very beautiful and should be taken in before leaving the Bay District. 2^ O hJ t) <: o CLUB HEADQUARTERS, 1344 SO. FIGUEROA STREET FREU L. BAKER, President Automobile Club of Southern California Some of the Advantages of Membership in the Automobile Club of Southern California The Automobile Club of Southern California, with nearly 7000 members enrolled, is the largest motoring organization in this coun- try. It has sign-posted about 6000 miles of roads in Southern California. It is now sign-posting a Trans-Continental Route from Los Angeles to New York. It is one of the leading factors in connection with the construction and maintenance of GOOD ROADS in this and adjacent States. Membership in the Club entitles you to: IDENTIFICATION Card, insuring you courtesies everywhere. TOURING INFORMATION to all parts of the country. Complete set of ROAD MAPS covering Southern California, Nevada and Ari- zona. Thoroughly SIGN-POSTED ROADS throughout Southern California. The Club's Magazine, TOURING TOP- ICS, which contains touring informa- tion, legal data and general automobile news. CLUB EMBLEM, by depositing $1.50 which is refunded on return of the emblem. Service of our LEGAL DEPARTMENT without charge. INSURANCE on cars at practically cost. Services of the THEFT BUREAU, which is maintained by the Club for locating stolen automobiles and accessories. The Club also maintains a LOST and FOUND Department. $11.00 pays for initiation fee ($5) and six months dues in advance ($6). Every motorist in the State is directly or indi- rectly benefitted by the operations of the Automobile Club of Southern California. Officers and Board of Directors of the Automobile Club of Southern California FRED L. BAKER, President W. L. VALENTINE, Vice-President H. G. MILLER, 2nd Vice-President A. C. BALCH H. W. KELLER W. H. BOOTH E. G. KUSTER E. T. OFF FRED W. JACKSON FRANK A. MILLER HARRY CHANDLER P. H. RICE W. S. BENCHLEY MONT. P. CHUBB W. E. DRURY J. V. WACHTEL E. G. KUSTER, General Counsel. STANDISH L. MITCHELL, Secretary. SAN DIEGO HEADQUARTERS U. S. Grant Hotel San Diego, Calif. PASADENA HEADQUARTERS 25 North Los Robles Avenue Pasadena, Calif. SANTA BARBARA HEADQUARTERS Chamber of Commerce Santa Barbara, Calif. LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 017 186 424 0,