Author . zm^ Title. E ..ttt Imprint. 16—47372-2 ei>o ■Siiassii^ ,''v»<"' 0/ Ca- Czs- C 27 1904 ' "-^ -.■■.. M.. oo?y B, CHATTANOOGA - ■r->J^IOR to 183S the village on Moccasin Bend of the Tennessee River was known as Ross" Landing or A I Ross" Ferry. In that year the citizens adopted the more euphonions nanu- of Chattanooga, derived from /, y the old Creek Indian word describing the spot. (s When Chattanooga received its city charter, fifty-two years ago, the popnlation was estimated at abont fifteen hnndred, and the new city had only two thousand inhabitants at the outbreak of the Civil War. It was during 1862-3 that the name of Chattanooga became famous throughout the world. Its location, in a border State, with fine railroad and river facilities, gave it a strategic value far beyond many larger centers, and the tide of war surged over the little mountain city. It was occupied by opposing armies successively, and the desperate battles fought in the near vicinity exposed the inhabitants to all the horrors of war. Mills and factories were demolished, farms and houses abandoned or destroyed, transportation lines dismantled, and many of the citizens lost their lives as well as their wealth. At the close of the war the people of Chattanooga set bravely at work to retrieve their lost fortunes. Never has such a task been accomplished more successfully. The city has grown amazingly, claiming now over fifty thousand inhabitants, and no small part of the increase has come from peaceful invaders whose first knowledge of Chattanooga and its resources was gained during the period of hostilities. Mere, favored by a bounteous natural wealth, consisting of fruitful fields, virgin forests, and valuable deposits of coal, iron, and all kinds of minerals, the number of active industries has increased annually, until now there are over four hundred in operation, furnishing employment to many thousands, a large proportion of whom are skilled mechanics. The output includes iron, steel, wood, stone, clay, and textile and chemical products. The raw material is secured mainly from the surrounding country. The elevation of Chattanooga above the sea averages seven hundred feet, and the surrounding mountain plateaus about twenty-five hundred feet. The pure and invigorating atmosphere makes the city one of the healthiest on the globe, and it is becoming known the world over as a natural sanitarium. Chattanooga is admitted to be the geographical trade center of the South, and its transportation facilities, which consist of nine railroads and the great Tennessee River, are not surpassed in an\' quarter of the country. Within a few miles of Chattanooga the National Government has purchased the entire Chickamauga Battlefield, and has converted the fifteen square miles embraced in this territory to the purposes of a magnificent National Military Park. Congress has expended three-quarters of a million, and the various States have appropriated over half a million for the erection of monuments to commemorate the valor of their soldiers. It is the only example in existence of a battlefield reserved entirely for park use, and is considered the most comprehensive nnlitary object lesson in the world. Published exclusively for . . S. H. KRESS & COMPANY. . Chattanooga. Tennessee Cupynylit, iQti^, by L. H. Ni-lsox Co., Portland. Maine MOCCASIN BEND— CHATTANOOGA M^ THE DISTANCE. This view from Lookout Mountain shows part of the battlefield in the foreground, and the Moccasin IJend, a remarkable twist in the course of the Tennessee River at this point. The name was given from the striking resemblance to the outlines of an Indian's shoe or moccasin. FOUNTAIN SQUARE. CHATTANOOGA COURT HOUSE. A beautiful public square in the heart of the city. The monument at the right was erected as a memorial to Samuel M. Fatten, who died by lire in this city, April 3, 1S97. CUSTOM HOUSE, CHATTANOOGA Located liclween Tenth aiitl Eleveiitli Streets, near .Market. limit entirely of while nuirble, and cost about ;?20o,ooo. Is one of the finest (.iovernnieiit buildings in the South. It contains the Post Office, United States Federal Court, the Weather Bureau, and the office of the United States Civil Service Commissioners. THE AUDITORIUM, CHATTANOOGA. Chattanooga's great convention hall. Tt has a seating capacity of tive thtmsand and has heen used by many large gatherings. > h - - n 'iiS A S. H. KRESS 6 CO, The Chattanooga store ot the Soutliern syndicate of 5 and 10 cent stores. THE TIMES BUI LDl NG, CH ATT A NOOGA, Home of one of the best morning papers in the South. Completed in 1892 at a cost of $140,000. Located on Georgia Avenue and Eigiith Street. mm^mM THE MASONIC TEMPLE. CHATTANOOGA. i)n Clierry Street, corner of Sevemli Street. Built of Oliio sandstone at a cost of J5?,ooo. 'I'here are live hundred members belonging to the various bodies which meet in this building. BARONESS ERLANGER HOSPITAL, CHATTANOOOA. Oil ILmisijii Avenue, near llie lity limits. Built partly by public subscription and partly by the city and county. Called the Baroness Krlanger Hospital because i.l a l.irge donation from the Baron Erlanger, of tJermany. Here six hundred nineteen patients were cared for in 1903. GRANT UtNllVERblTY, CHATTANOOGA, Located on McAlIie Avenue. Biuli of brick and cbst $k>o,ooo. Tlie I niversity has over three hundred students BLUFF VIEW. OVERLOOKItNlG THE TENNESSEE RIVER. Looking east from county bridge. The bluff is one hundred twenty-five feet high, and affords a grand view of the river and the mountains. In the distance is Missionary Ridge. EAST LAKE PARK, CHATTANOOGA. A delightful part of the city. From here the huge bulk of Lookout Mountain tills the horizon. Tlie road to tlie top. Looking toward Chattanooga. ON WALDEN'S RIDGE. Waiden's Ridge is several miles north of the city on the other side of the river, and is a part of the Cumberland Range. It is a favorite resort for invalids on account of its wonderful air and celebrated springs. The view at the right sliows Williams Island in the fork of the river. Here is where Andrews, tlie leader of the " Andrews Raiders," was captured, in April, 1862. VIEWS AT WALDEN'S RIDGE, riif mtiiral srenery is unsurpassed for .grandeur. Deep ,i;nlclies ,iiid ravines ahomul. I'.ig Falling Water and Little Falling Watt-r are points <>( especial interest. LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN FROM THE BANKS O f= THE TENNESSEE. Lookout Mountain is about twenty-two hundred feet above the level o( the sea. It has first rank as one of the " show places " of .America. On a clear day the territory of seven States may be discerned from the top. The Tennessee River washes the base. Nov. 24, 1S63, this mountain was the scene of the famous " Battle Above the Clouds. " THE INCLINE RAILWAY, LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. Runs from the base to the top and is four thousand seven hundred fifty feet long. The steepest and longest incline in the world. Crosses the plateau where the battle was fought, and termin.ites at Lookout Inn. LOOKOUT INN, LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. On the top of the mountain, near the battlefield. One of the best appointed resort hotels in the country. Accommodates six hundred. LULA LAKE. LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN Sevfii miles from the Inn. Reaclied by a inoiinlain road. Il is .1 poi waicr in a h;isin-sliaped ruck about une hundred feet in diameter. LULA FALLS, LOOKOUT MOUNTAl Just below LuKn Lalie. Here the water plunges over a piecipicc one hun- dred twenty-five feet high. At the base is a large cave extending entirely around and back uf the Falls. .UNSET R0( LOOKOUT MOUTnITAIN From this pniiu may lie nht.iined one of the most enchanting views in the world. A sunset from here is never (orgotten. BETWEEN MOUNTAIN AND R i V L R The track of the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway skirts Lnnkout Mountain at the river's edge. Tlie precipitous bluff rises Ihousiinds of feel .ihove the tiny train. If^^Ti^r?"^ ■< :>::.: ;4.TS3^>^I7^ BATTLEFIELD OF LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN. This plateau was the scene of much of the fighting in the " Battle Above the Clouds " where Hooker defeated Waltliall, Nov. 24, 1863. The Cravens House in the center of the view was General Walthall's headquarters. The memorial in the foreground was erected hy the .State of Iowa. To the right is the New York memorial. The Point Hotel is shown in the distance. THE N fc W YORK MONUMENT. LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN- Erected by the State ot New York. Located >tt\ the ])lateaii near tlie top of the mountain. THc TviEW YORK MONUMENT. ORCHARD KNOB Erected by tbe State of New York. I,ocati:d near Grant's Headquarters, Orchard Knob. •HE WISCONSIN MONUMENT, ORCHARD KNOE F-iTcted liy tlie Si.Tle ut Wisconsin. THE MARYLAND MONUMENT, ORCHARD KNOE Erected by llu- Stnte of Maiyl.md. GRANT'S HEADQUARTERS, MISSIONARY RIDGE. Ileddquariers uf UeneiaU Granl, Thomas, and Granger during the Battle of Missionary Ridge, Nov. 25. 1S1.3. Now a Government reservation. On the crest at the right nuv he seen the Wisconsin Monument : in the center the Maryland Monument ; at the left the New Vork Monument- In the foreground are smaller stones commemorating the services of various orgatii/ations. -t-7" -i' x-t -1 1 i "i V— n i-" ■ BRAGG'S HEADQUARTERS, MISSIONARY RIDGE. The headquarters of General Bragg during the battle. In this reservation tlie Government has erected an observation tower, seventy feet hi^h, from which a fine view of the battle- field may be obtained. The Illinois Monument is in this enclosure and is shown back of the tower in this view. DELONG'S TOWER. MISSIONARY RIDGE One of the steel observation towers erected hy the lloveriirnent on the * rest of Missionary Ridge. This tower atfords a conipreliensive view of the whole tattletield. THE OHIO MONUMENT, MISSIONARY RIDGE. Erected by the State of Ohio. Located in a small Government reservation to the north of Bragg's Headquarters. THE ILLINOIS I^IONUMENT, MISSIONARY RIDGE. Erected by the State of Illinois. Located in the Government reservation of Bragg's Headquarters. ON THE FIRING LINE, CHICKAMAUGA PARK, The morning of Sept. ir,, iKi.\, iound ihe Confederate Army under T.eneral Bragg and ihe Union Army under General Ri>secrans controating each other on the northwest side of West Chickamaug.i Creek. Ihe struggle tlieii began, wliicli bsted during the next three days, Tlie hattle was fought uitli desperate fiirv on both sides. Rosecrans' army was muted and driven batk to Chattanooga, and but fm the stand which t'.eneril Thomas took the ^defeat would have h<.en a crushing nne. SNODGRASS HOUSE, CHICKAMAUGA BATTLEFIELD. (Headquarters of Gen. George H. Thomas, Sept. 20, 1S63.) Here is where Gen. Georee H. Thomas checked the victorious Confederates and saved the army of Rosecrans. The struggle was bloody in the extreme. Thomas, reinforced by Granger and Steadman, held his position on this hill stubbornly, and earned for himself the title of the " Rock of Chickamauga" He retreated on the evening of the twentieth, only after he received orders to do so. The old Snodgrass House has survived the forty years which have elapsed since the time of the battle- SNODORASS HILL, CHICKAMAUGA BATTLEFIELD. The bulk of the hfihting at Chickamauga was at Snodprass Hill. The casualties sustained in the battle were appalling. Rosecrans lost a total of 16,179 men; Bragg, 17,801; a combined loss of 33.9S0 for both armies The National Commission has ascertained the fighting lines of all divisions and brigades on both the Union and Confederate sides with sufficient accuracy to justify the erection of historical tablets for these organizations. The old lines of earthworks have been restored and about three hundred cannon placed in position. Kelly's Field was near the center of the battlefield, movements of the troops were veiled in obscurity KELLY'S FIELD, CHlCKAMAUGA BATTLEFIELD. The fighting was principally on a level, thickly wooded plain where it was hard to use artillery with much effect and where the These conditions contributed to make the battle especially sanguinary, as surprises were frequent and advancing troops were often subjected to unexpected cross fires. ON THE BATTLEflELD. CHICKAMAUGA PARK. (Snodgiass Hill- Right of Stanley, left of Braniian .; Gi;inite and bioiuc are the materials used for all the meniorials^and they range in cost from 5i,ooo to $15,000 each I-arge historical^ tablets are placed along the main b a total ot 13,001 Union soldiers ; 8,038 known and 4,Q''3 unknown. The arched gateway, erected by the Government, cost ? 15,000. 27 190* Monument to Andrews' Raiders, National Cemetery, with f.icsimile of " General " THE ANDREWS' RAIDERS. ' The General.' In the National Cemetery are burled James J. Andrews and his companions, who captured an engine at Big Shanty on the Western & Atlantic Railway in an attempt to burn bridges and cut the Confederate Army from its base of supplies. They were overtaken ; eight were executed as spies, six were paroled, and eight escaped from prison. The famous engine " General " which was captured is kept as a memorial in the Ihiion Station at Chattanooga. A tablet tells the story of the raid. I LIBRARY OF CONGRESS I 111 1111 014 611 257 2