■-■■■■\ /.-■-■■■^ /"-■■% /•'■-■•-\ .- -> ^^^vO A ,/\\ ..., ^'% \... /\ ... 'j?''"^'" %. ' ■^ % =*, ,•?; *^gr/r^j^ BIOGRAPHICAL, GENEALOGICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE HISTORY OF THE FIRST CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY ILLUSTRATED vol^ljivie: ii THE LEWIS PUBLISHING COMPANY NEW YORK AND CHICAGO 1900 -,.>^^^fjU^C^^^'. BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE First Coflgressioiial District of New Jersey. , HENRY CLAY LOUDENSLAGER. Tlie attainment of pre-eminent success by a man, eitlier in business or in a profession, must in a measure be the result of personal merit, together with the ability to apply in a practical way those cjualifications necessary to important achievements. As an exemplification of what may be accom- plished by a man who is possessed of a laudable ambition to achieve a high degree of success, we present herewith a brief resume of the career of Hon. li. C. Loudenslager, of Gloucester county. He was born in Mauricetown. Cumberland county, New Jersey, on May 22, 1852, his parents being S. Paul and Sara A. (Haley) Loudenslager. His paternal grandparents were Jacob and Elizabeth Loudenslager. Jacob was a farmer in his early life, but later devoted many years to the ministry in the Methodist Episcopal church, his field of religious work covering a large part of southern New Jersey. After retiring from active service in church work, he made his home at Paulsboro. His maternal grandparents were David and Rachael Haley, the former being a sea captain, but later on became a farmer near Mauricetown, Cum- berland county. In T856 Mr. Loudenslager's parents moved from Cumberland county to Paulsboro, the father being \-ariouslv engaged in the pursuits of farmer, mer- chant, school-teacher, and later was the county clerk of Gloucester county. L'pon the remo\'al of the famih- to Paulsboro. Harry was only four years of age. The period of his bo\hood and early manhood was spent upon the farm, where he labored in the fields during the season of farm work and at- tended the public schools in the winter. Early in the '70s he was engaged as a clerk in the produce commission business in Philadelphia, and during the summer months of each year from 1872 to 1882 he conducted on his own account the business of produce commission merchant. On the 7th of Decemlier. 1872, in Pliiladelphia, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Kate L. Salisbury, a daughter of Samuel and Hannah Salis- 1 2 BIOCRAI'lllC.ll. HISTORY OF TIIF. FIRST bury, and tlu- (.■liildrtn li(ini to tlK'in are I-llizahetli S. T.dudenslager, now Mrs. A. Slicldon Clark, and Harry Howard Londcnslaiicr. Socially Mr. i.ondenslagcr is connected with the varions societies, and in Masonry has attained the thirty-second desjrcc in the Scottish rite. In 1872 his fatlier was elected county clerk of Gloucester count)-, and continued by re-election to fill that position for ten years, and during a ])or- tion of each year of that i)eriod Harry served in the capacity of deputy clerk, and in 1882 was himself elected, as a Republican, to succeed his father as county clerk. L'nder his adininisti-ation. the duties of that office were jier- fornied with such a degree of ability ;ind coin-lcsy as to call forth the jiraise of judges, lawyers, l)usiness men and other patrons of the office irrespectiye of their political affiliations, the result being that the competent and popular official was heartily inrlorsed for re-election and recci\ed a largely increased majority o\cr tli.nt of liis fu^st election. Mr. T,oudenslager has ever been an enthusiastic and loyal supporter of the Republican party and strong in his advocacy and dissemination of its principles, believing that they embody the best elements of good government. Tn 1892 he was chosen to represent the first congressional district of New Jersey in the national house of repre- sentatives, and was re-elected in 1894, 1896, 1898, and 1900. He is the first member of congress from his district to serve in the house of repre- sentati\es lor more than two terms, and is the onh' man of this state upon wlujin iias been conferred the honor of being nominated for five consecutive terms of congress, and the only representative in congress from the first dis- trict of New Jerse_\- w ho has been apjiointed chairman of a committee of the iiouse of rejaresentatises. During his first term of congress (the fifty-third) his party was in the minority in the house, but since that term the Repuljlican party has maintained a majority in the lower house. By indomitable indus- try and a concentration of energy and attention to the prompt and efficient performance of official and political duties, he has steadily advanced on the road to jjromincnce until he has reached a high position in the councils of h.is ])arty. Since he entered congress he has been a member of the national Republican congressional committee, and also a member of its executive connnittee, and has been assigned to some of the most important duties in that ca])acity. F.arly in his congressional career he displayed, in the prep- aration and consideration of legislative matters, a clear discernment and a keen judgment which attracted tlie attention of the leaders of the Repub- lican jiarty in the house, and which has led to his assignment to very im- portant positions on committees. As chairman of one of the most important committees of the house, he has rendered valuable ser\'ice; but it is as a meml)er of the connnittee on naval affairs, during the period previous to and tluring the war with Sp.'iin, that his most conspicuous work has been ])er- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 3 formed in framing legislation for strengthening and equipping our fleets for the conflict which covered our navy with glory. During the months im- mediately preceding the war, the committee on naval afl^airs were in almost constant session considering ways and means of placing upon a war footing our navy, which was totally unprepared for hostile engagement. Our war vessels were without many necessary features of equipment, and the stock of ammunition was not sufficient for even one round of shot from our fleets. In this emergency the responsibility fell upon the congressional committees to furnish means of promptly supplying the navy with what was essential to go forth in the defense of our nation's honor, and in this work I\Ir. Loudenslager's shrewd ability, accurate foresight and correct judgment were called upon to aii^l in directing the action of congress in the exigency, and die record of the committee on naval afifairs will be an important part of the history of that war wherein victory came to us in every engagement, and the United States navy eclipsed all examples of history in its marvelous achieve- ments. In this brief biography is shown what may be accomplished by a young man possessing ambition, determination and industry, if these laudable char- acteristics are, as in the subject of these lines, combined with those admirable elements of personal disposition, — loyal friendship and a frank, straightfor- ward method of dealing with his fellow men. He has never been known to desert an old friend for a new one and thus his circle of warm friends and admirers is constant]}- growing and the honor and respect which is accorded him on all sides is constantlv ausrmented. JOHN WILKINS. John W'ilkins, of Grenloch, Camden county, was born February 20, 1842, and is a son of Hiram Wilkins, whose birth occurred in the same locality. The grandfather was John Wilkins, and the family in immigration settled in Camden county, where the representatives of the name have since followed the occupation of farming. Hiram Wilkins was a freeholder in Camden and was a member of the Presbyterian church in Blackwood. He owned one of the best farms in the country and successfully cultivated his land until his death, which occurred in 1880. He married Caroline Murden, a daughter of Randall Murden, and her death occurred in 1870. They be- came the parents of four children, as follows: John; Sarah, the wife of Henry Bateman, of Williamstown. New Jersey, Emily, the wife of Burris Turner, of Wenonah; and Thomas J., of Colorado. John Wilkins came to the place of his present residence when twenty- 4 BIOC.RAPIIICAL HISTORY OJ- Tllll FIRST one years of aj^e and took charge of the farm wliich lie managed for six years. He was tlie owner of two hnnchcd and twenty-five acres of ricli land, hut has since disposed of a portion of it and now rents the remainder. He has been actively identified with the afi'airs of the township, having served as a collector for three years, while for a number of terms he has been a member of the town committee. He married Annie, a daughter of Joseph Turner, and to them were born two children, but only one is now living, Louella. HISTORICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS SKETCHES. THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. The inauguration of not only political but also religious freedom in America m;ide the land a Mecca for people of every state of religious con- nections. The Quakers, among others, were early established here, under the protection and security of religious tolerance. The pioneers of the Friends' Society in Salem county were John Fenwick, Robert Zane, Samuel Nicholson, Edward Wade, Samuel Hedge, John Thompson, John Smith and Richard Guv. John Fenwick, the leailer of these original "associators" in Salem county, arrived from England in December. 1675, and soon after the settlement of his family and of the families of those who came with him of the Friends' or Quaker denomination, he organized a meeting to be held in the town of Salem twice in each week for divine worship. For the first five years re- ligious meetings were held in private houses. In 1680 they purchased a house residence of Samuel Nicholson in which these meetings were held. In 1700 they erected a brick meeting-house on the lot which they subse- quently used for a burying-ground, erected at a cost of £415, 135s 2id. Five years later, more ample accommodations being required, they purchased a lot on the present East Broadway and Walnut streets, upon which thev erected their present commodious and extensive brick structure. Another center of worship in the county was in Lower Alloway's Creek township, where a meeting-house was built in 1684, the leading Friends asso- ciated being Richard Hancock. John Dunn. Jeremiah Powell and Nathaniel Chammeys. In 1726 David Davis, with otiiers of the Society of Friends, organized a meeting at ^\'oodstown, and in 1780 a meeting was organized by Samuel Pedrick and John Summers at Upper Penn's Neck. It is worthy of notice that the Society of Friends, after they had organ- ized their meetings, turned their attention to the education of the children and youth of the early settlers and were really the pioneers of the primitive schools of the colonies, which, after the first imjiress of sectarianism exclu- jCibrarj/ MuUdiny, Salem. COXGRESSJON.il district of NEir JERSEY. 5 siveness had worn off. were opened to the g'eneral ihffusion of knowledge to all religious classes. THE S.ALEM LIBR.JlRY. The Salem librar>' was founded in 1804, its constitution was drafted and adopted on the 24th of March of that year, and at the first regular meeting in June the following officers were elected: William Parret, president; Thomas Jones. Jr.. secretary: and Abner Beesley. treasurer. On the 7th of April a committee was appointed to request permission for the freeholders to use the small east room upstairs for a court-house for a limited term. At the first annual meeting eighty-seven names appeared on the roll as mem- bers, "having either paid their subscriptions in cash or delivered books." As directed by the constitution, each member ])aifl four dollars into the treasury, but on the ist of July. 1809. the rate was increased to five dollars. At times the library was in splendid condition, at other times interest therein abated and it seemed probable that it could not enjoy an extended existence. "The Library Company of Salem. New Jersey." was incorporated under the general act of 1799. on the ist of July. 1809. It was conducted in the usual manner of such institutions, its purpose being to furnish ma- terial to the reading public. By the year 181 5 there had been a marked decline in interest, as is shown by the fact that rules had been adopted allow- ing a redemption of the forfeited shares. The free-school system established in Salem county in i8i6and the growth of private educational institutions from an earlier date, found a helpful ad- junct in the Salem Library, which was organized in 1802. Among those who first saw the reciprocal influence between a public library and the school system in the dissemination of general information were John Wistar, Jen^is Hall, Samuel Stuart, Clement Hull, Morris Hall and Edmund Burroughs. Altogether the career of the library has been one of growth and progress, the special efforts at different times contributing to its growth and influence. The plan of its organization has kept the fund of its board raised by the sell- ing of shares and an annual tax of two dollars intact for the purchase of books. The duties of the library — registration and general supervision — • are performed gratuitously, the library being kept open for the use of student patrons on certain days of each week by gentlemen and ladies who volunteer their services. Many have devoted much time and attention, thought and effort to carry on this most necessary and beneficial institution, but prob- ably no greater debt of gratitude is due to any one connected with it than to John Tyler, who in 1830 became a member of the organization. The 6 BIOCRAl'HICAL HISTORY OF Till- J-'IKST following;- year lie was elected a direclor and in 1834 was chosen its president, lie never ceased liis labors toward promoting its welfare, and to him is dup the fact that it now has a beantiful home, pleasantly situated in one of the most attractive c|uarters of Salem. S])eaking of this, the National Standard. of Salem, ])ul)lishcd in July. 1885. said: ".Vfter eighty-one years of vicissitudes and at times slender fortunes, the Salem Library has at last found a permanent home, and with a rare oppor- tunit\- of a liberal endowment it enters upon a prosperous future and a broader field of usefulness than it has ever occupied before. This most de- sirable consummation has l)ecn attained through the wise provision and careful forethought of one who was deeply interested in its success and the objects of its mission, and probably more familiar with its early struggles and solicitous for its welfare than any other. And what a father planned, though leaving no specific charges or definite instruction beyond a simple unsigned memorandum, the filial affection and munificence of the son has executed, with careful detail, and today there stands in our midst the John Tyler Library Building, an enduring monument to the man whose name it bears, and no less to the liberality and public spirit of its generous donor, W. Graham Tyler." The handsome structure stands on West Broadway. The building, at- tractive in its oddness of architecture as compared with other structures of the city, is of Queen Anne style and is built in the shape of an L. It is of one story and the ceiling is sixteen feet. The lower part of the building is of Chester grey-stone, finished with red brick and roofed with slate. It has a frontage of twenty-eight feet and is seventy-one feet in depth, the offset at the rear adding fifteen feet additional to its width. There is a large hand- some library room with accommodations for twenty-five thousand volumes. It is finished in light or oiled wood with a beautiful paneled ceiling. In the rear of this room is another apartment equally large, used as a public read- ing-room. The building sets somewhat back from the street and overlooks the Friends' cemetery. The ground for this building was given by W. Graham Tyler in accord- ance with the wishes of his father expressed in an unsigned memorandum which was found among his papers. In speaking of his work on the occasion of the dedication of the new building. Graham Tyler said in referring to his father, "Dearer to him than I ever knew was the prosperity of this institu- tion." In the memorandum appeared the words. "When opened to the pub- lic it is my wish that minors and young men shall be made active participants in the treasures of knowledge and of free access there for their special bene- COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 7 fit and behoof." The grounds were given and the Hbrary Ijuilt after the manner suggested Ijy John Tyler and through the benevolence and pubHc spirit of his son. It is called the John Tyler Library Building and the library now contains ten thousand volumes of well selected and useful books, taken from all departments of literature. The influence of this institution cannot be measured, but all recognize that it is a great benefit to the town, and the public feels that it owes a debt of gratitude to it now, to those who in former years carried on the work and to those who are now interested in its per- petuation, its purposes and its accomplishments. THE ELMER METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The Elmer Methodist Episcopal church had its beginning in 1868, when the residents of Pittstown — for so the place was called at that time — assisted bv members of the Friendship Methodist church and the Olivet Meth- odist church, resolved to erect a house of worship for the people of the de- nomination in what is now known as the town of Elmer. The corner-stone was laid in June of that year, and cut on its side were the words, "Pittstown Methodist Episcopal Church. 1868." The following year, when the church was completed, the name of the town had been changed to Elmer, and there- fore the shield on the front bore the inscription "Elmer M. E. Church. 1868." Three thousand and eight hundred dollars were first subscribed for the build- ing, and with that amount the work was begun and carried forward by effi- cient committees. At length a frame house of worship, forty by sixty feet, was completed and the Methodists of Elmer were soon installed in their new home. The basement of the church was dedicated February 10, 1869, and at the dedicatory services, conducted by Bishop Scott, five hundred dollars more were raised. On the 21st of March, 1870, it was decided to dedicate the completed building and Dr. Bartine was secured. to preach. Several hun- dred dollars were then raised, leaving an indebtedness upon the church of fifteen hundred dollars, which was paid off during the pastorate of Rev. M. C. Stokes. The work of the church prospered and as the population of the town grew and the congregation proportionately increased in numbers, it was seen that accommodations were not adequate for those who wished to attend services with the Methodists. Accordingly the matter of erecting a new house of worship was discussed and resulted in the building of a fine church, the corner-stone of which was laid October 14, 1893. The church now has a membership of more than four hundred, and is doing a good work, its influence being widelv felt. BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF WOODSTOWN. The First National Bank of Woodstown. Xcw Jersey, was organized thirty-five years ago, by Edward B. Humphreys, one of the most successful and enterprising business men of Salem county, then as at the present time, with Samuel H. Weatherby and others. The original board of directors, of which only two members, Mr. Humphreys and Mr. Dickinson survive, com- prised the following: William J. Shinn, Edward B. Humphreys, John H. Lippincott, Elijah B. Hosmer, John W. Dickinson, Samuel Borton, Samuel H. Weatherby, Samuel Black and James Benezet. William J. Shinn was elected the first president, and C. Carroll Lippincott the first cashier of the bank, which gained the confidence of the public and rapidly won favor among the business men of this vicinity, and it was soon upon a paying basis. Since its founding there have been four successors of Mr. Shinn as presi- dent, namely: Edward R. Bullock. Samuel H. Weatherby, James Bene7et and Isaac K. Lippincott. Soon after this enterprise was started. Mr. Humphreys withdrew from the board of directors, on account of the fact that the majority were in favor of locating the bank outside the business center of the town. For many years it was situated in a brick building now used by the Piles Grove Library Association. In 1891 the business foresight of Mr. Humphreys was acknowl- edged, and a handsome red-stone building, of modern architecture and de- sign, was erected in the business center of Woodstown. The cost of the new structure, including the office furniture and fi.xtures, amounted to about twenty-seven thousand dollars. When the First National Bank of Woodstown was incorporated, in 1864, its cash capital was fifty thousand dollars, but this amount was soon increased to seventy-five thousand dollars. At the time that Mr. Flitcraft became cashier of the bank the surplus was six thousand, five hundred and thirtv- six dollars, and the undivided profits, nineteen thousand, nine hundred and ninety-eight dollars, while today the cash capital is seventy-five thousand dollars, the surplus one hundred and fifty thousand, and the undivided profits ■ and twenty-five thousand dollars. The last figures do not accurately cover the undivided profits, as no premium accounts are carried by the liank. The present directors of the bank are: Isaac K. Lippincott, William Al, Weatherby, Charles E. Allen. E. Smith Bassett. Abram Cochran, Ebenezer Sparks, Rudoljih Benezet, N. H. Bomart and William Z. Flitcraft. The present (ifiiccrs are: Isaac K. Lippincott, president; \\'illiam Z. Flitcraft, CONGRESSION.-iL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 9 cashier; and Isaiah C. Shinn, teller. In 1871 the last mentioned gentleman was elected cashier of the bank, and to his wisdom, during the long years intervening, much of its success may justly be attributed. Mr. Lippincott, the president, and the other officials, have taken an active part in promoting the standing of this popular institution of finance, and, with possibly two or three exceptions, it stands at the head of New Jersey state banks. It has kept abreast of the times, adapting its policy to changing conditions and modern methods of transacting business, and during every one of the great panics, which have crippled many of the leading banks of the country, it has bravely ridden through the storm, supplying loans to its patrons to anv extent required. BRIDGETON. The old colonial characteristics of the people of Bridgeton are still vis- ible, among the most prominent of which are a well ordered life and a happy home; and in the moral feature of their life, of course the religious cult de- rived from English Christianity has been very marked. In their character Christianity and morality have been inseparably interwoven, and the tem- perance and industry which they have so scrupulously practiced have ever resulted in material prosperitv. Also they have so completely occupied their ground that but few immi- grants have succeeded in establishing themselves among them. The residences are not palatial, but comfortable, in keeping with the religious or Quakerdike character of the inhabitants. They have not "made haste to be rich," ever keeping themselves within the due bounds of hon- esty, modesty and an unpretending and quiet mode of life. The thrift, tidi- ness, comfort and pride in pleasant surroundings, as well as the pretty resi- dences, are conspicuous along Commerce street, east and west. North Pearl street. East avenue, Atlantic avenue. Bank street. Broad street and other avenues. Connected with nearly every residence is a well kept yard, while all outbuildings and other a]>pnrtenances are snug and tidy. Shade-trees and fancy shrubbery adorn the premises, as well as neat fences. The streets exhibiting poverty are few. There are no licensed drinking houses or other degrading establishments, while the agencies for both temporal and intel- lectual advancement are numerous and strong. As samples of ornate and commodious residences we may mention those of Mrs. R. C. Nichols, Dr. M. K. Elmer, Robert J. Buck, Obelin Smith, Mrs. B. T. Bright, Edward E. Grosscup, Francis B. Minch, ex-Assemblyman Bloomfield H. Minch, Frank M. Riley, Walter H. Bacon, Dr. J. G. Streets. Robert and Richard Moore, P. H. Goldsmith, Chester J. Buck, William A. lO BIOCRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE FIRST Logue, George H. Whipple, William and Samuel Allen. P. Kennedy Reeves. J. Boyd Nixon. William C. Garrison and Miss Sarah Buck. WF.ST JERSEY ACADEMY. The highest grouiul within the limits of Bridgeton is ornamented, upon its summit, with an institution of learning having the above name and title. The building and grounds occupy a whole square. This structure was one of the first of its kind in the state, as at the time of its erection there was no academy of a high order, either classical or scientific, anywhere in the six southern counties. The establishment of this institution was due to Rev. Dr. Samuel Beach Jones, who for twenty-four years was the pastor of the First Presbyterian church here. When he first proposed this enterprise to the presbytery of West Jersey, in April, 1850. no gifts were in prospect, and the first sub- scriptions were small, the largest being one thousand dollars, heading the list, opposite the name of Dr. W'illiam Elmer; and the institution has ever since been maintained without endowments or even legacies. It has there- fore been somewhat dependent upon the liberality of friends, the tuition fees not being sufficient to sustain it as it should have been. In keeping with the spirit of the times, the peculiar religious doctrines of the Presbyterian denomination are not pressed upon the pupils, even in the most indirect manner. Recurring to the structure, we may state that the corner-stone was laid for it on the 9th day of August, 1852. and many churches responded to the request to furnish a room. The building is constructed of brown stone and lately a wing has been added, besides a commodious gymnasium on the lot adjoining on the west side of the grounds. From the cupola the bay may be seen and a fine view of the surounding country enjoyed. The lot for the original structure was purchased at a cost of $1,625.50, and the incorpora- tion of the board of trustees had been secured several months previously. The principals of this academy have been Messrs. Smythe, Stevenson. Thompson. Gosman, Whitly, Diefendorf, Vaughan, Sherman, Allen and finally the present incumbent, Pheobus W'. Lyon, who ranks high for gen- eral intelligence and administrative skill. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The corner-stone of the old Presbyterian church at the west end of Broad street in Bridgeton was laid July 26. 1792. and the building opened for wor- Old I'rtibytuian Church, Bridgeton. West Jersey Academy, Bridgeton. Court House and Sheriff's Residence and Jail, Bridgeton. The Tumbling Dam, Millville. First Baptist Church, Millville. COXGRESSIOX.AL DISTRICT OF XEir JERSEY. n ship May 17. 1795. by Presl)yterians from Philadelphia. This house of Avorship was tiie first church erected in Bridgeton, and the congregation worshipping therein was the first religious body organized here. For three years previously the congregation had been holding religious services in the court-house, which stood in the middle of Broad street, below Franklin street. In chronological order the first se\eral pastors of this church were Dr. William Clarkson, 1794-1801; Jonathan Freeman, 1805-1822; Brogan Hoff, 1824-1833: and John Kennedy, 1834-1838. During this latter period, 1834- 1838, the brick Presbyterian church on North Laurel street was built; but the old historic church was still used for an occasional funeral or for mis- cellaneous occasions in which the whole town participated as late as 1846. The structure is still standing, more as a relic of the c|uaintness of the early period than for anything else, and it is a venerable relic, too. The sight of it ever brings up a long line of memories and sentimental reminiscences which one finds difiicult to drop from his meditations. Although so old, it still retains the freshness of its pristine existence, while the surroundings are kept in appropriate repair, giving the air of ease, rest and retirement. In- ternally we behold the odd style of construction, the brick-paved aisles, the_ box-like pulpit at the head of a winding stairway, the high-backed pews, the windows of small panes, the seven-plate wood-stoves made of South Jersey bog iron, and the peculiar designs on the plastered wall. The adjoining grave-yard, characteristic of its day, seems to share all the more reverence, on account of its features, than if finished in some neutral style. How restful all. The hundreth anniversary of the laying of the corner-stone of this ven- erable church was celebrated on July 26, 1892. The whole day was devoted to this occasion, when numerous addresses were delivered and historical papers read, interspersed with skillfully rendered music from an orchestra. A "museum of anticjuities" was improvised, which was rich with suggestions. OLD RESIDENCE. There is a singular fascination attaching to the ancient landmarks that still survive and point to a part that otherwise is without tangible remin- iscence. Notably are several ancient residences built early in the last cen- tury, which still retain the flavor of antiquity, and the interest of historical suggestion. The anticiuarian is fond of pointing out the dwelling-house oc- cupied recently, for so long a period, of Joseph Frankling, Esq., now de- ceased, and afterward of his son, Samuel Frankling. It is perhaps the most 12 HlOGRArillC.lL HISTORY 01' TUR flRST ancient of all tlic (|uaiiU antc-Revolutidiiary (Iwfllings thai now remain in Woodbury. The duelling, formerly the residence of Samuel Mickle. later of John M. Saunders, was built in 1762. In the year following, 1763, was erected the dwelling long occupied by Michael C. and Mary R. Fisher, and later of John Paul Fisher. Passing the century mark of antiquity of nearly two-score years, were the John H. Jessup ilwelling, built in 1763, and the John C. Small building, built in 1766. Nothing retains the Havor of antiquity comparable to the residence, the dwelling-house, erected a century or centuries ago. If kept intact from modern repairs it may appear quaint and crude enough, but it reflects with unfailing certainty the spirit and even the customs and manners of ages gone by. Its historical character is unimpeachable. GLOUCESTER COUNTY COURT-HOUSE, AND WOODBURY. Gloucester count}- was laid ofT in 1677. and the first ccjurt-house and jail were built at Gloucester in J694. (Benjamin F. Carter's "Woodbury and Vicinity," 1873.) It was built of logs and the first structure was sixteen feet long, twelve feet wide and eight feet high. At the next session of the court it was ordered that the dimensions be altered to twenty by sixteen feet and that there be also a "court-house over the same, of a convenient height and largeness, covered of and with cedar shingles, etc." In 1708 extensive additions were made with stone and brick substituted for logs, and three years previously a whip]3ing-post, stocks and hand-cuffs had been ordered as a punishment for criminals. In 1786 the court-house and jail were burned and in the year following, in 1787, the present court-house in Woodbury was built. The land was donated in 1786 by John Bis])ham and accepted for the county by Joseph Reeves, James Wilkins and John Wilkins, who were appointed a committee to take the deed. The committee to build the court- house were John Jessup, Samuel Hugg and James Brown. The surrogate's ofiice was built in 1799, and the clerk's ofifice in 1820. The soldiers' monument situated in the court-house s(|uare, commem- orates the patriotism and bravery of the loyal sons of the county who fell in the civil war. It was erected by the county and dedicated May 30. 1867. The committee who had the monument in charge were R. K. Matlock. S. J. Bayard and B. 1"". Carter, appointed by the citizens: and Daniel J. Packer, Isaac C. Dilks and Isaac H. Lippincott, appointed by the board of free- holders. Michael Reiley executed the work, at a cost of four thousand and fifty dollars. Of the two hundred and thirteen names inscribed on the monu- ment, the oldest was that of Andrew J. Peck, sixty-two years: the youngest Court House and Monument, Woodbury. Methodist Episcopal Churcll, Woodbury. Whitney Glass Works, Glassboro: established 1775. Trinity Episcopal Church, Swedesboro; built 174.1. Headquarters of Lord Cornvvallis during the winter of 1777. COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF XEir JERSEY. 13 that of William W'addell Ladd. sixteen years of age. The names of ofificers commemorated are: Brigadier-Generals Joshua B. Howell, George D. Bav- ard and Charles G. Harker; Captain Edward Carlyle Norris: and Lieuten- ants James S. Stratton. Joseph H. Johnson, Mark H. Roberts and Joseph Pierson. THE GLOUCESTER COUNTY ALMSHOUSE. The Gloucester county almshouse, located in Greenwich township, near Clarksboro. occupies the middle of a farm of one hundred and seventv-nine acres. A stream of water. Edward's creek, in which the tide regularly ebbs and riows, passes through its environments. The main edifice is a three- story brick structure with extensive wings, and is of modern style. Rooms open on either side, w-ith spacious halls traversing the entire length of the house, and each is supplied w'ith pure water from a large reservoir forcing the supply abundantly to the third story. The water supply is a spring from a solid rock formation. .\ two-story stone asylum near the house provides for the management of inmates in need of more especial care. The title to the land of the almshouse can be traced back through King Charles II to James, Duke of York, A. D. 1663; the succession of the titles is interesting: James conveyed to John, Lord Berkley, and Sir George Cart- eret, all New Jersey. Lord Berkley, who took the western division, con- veyed in 1675 to John Fenwick, in trust for Edward Byllinges. Byllinges conveyed a part lying on Edward's creek to John Clark; John Clark, Jr., his heir, in London, conxeyed the same to Benjamin Alford, of New-England in America. His heir. John Alford, in 1720 conveyed five hundred acres to Robert Gerard. His executors in 1750 conveyed to Tliomas Gerard, who the same year conveyed to John Wood, who in 1756 conveyed to William Gerard, who the same year conveyed to Daniel Lippincott. It then trav- ersed back and forth in the Lippincott family until in 1841 or after, when Elizabeth Lippincott conveyed one hundred and seventy-nine and one hun- dreth acres to the county of Gloucester. The Lippincott family grave-yard is reserved on the premises, adjoining which the almshouse burying ground is laid out. the native pines and cedars thereon being preserved. THE WHITNEY GLASS WORKS. The history of the \\'hitney Glass Works dates back to the year 1775. when a family by the name of Stanger, who had come over from Germanv in 1770 and settled at Alloway's Creek, Salem county, removed to what 14 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORV OF THE FIRST is now (."ilasslioro and tliere Iniilt a small furnace on a tract of land inirchased from one Archihald Mut^'ctt. The Stanger Brothers operated their factory until 1780, when, owing- to the depreciation of the continental currency, they failed and were cast into the dehtor's ])rison at Gloucester City, then the county seat of Gloucester county. At the sheriff's sale which followed the failure of the Stangers the prop- erty was hought in by Colonel Thomas Hestoni of Hestonville (now a part of Philadelphia), who had become a frequent visitor at Glassboro owing to the meets of the famous Gloucester Fox Hunting Club, of which he was an active member, being held in the vicinity, and Edward Carpenter. Indeed it was Colonel Heston who suggested that the settlement then known as Heston's Glass Works be called Glassboro, as a tribute to its principal indus- try; and it was through him that the Whitneys obtained their interest in the business, which has continued without interruption to the present day. It is also interesting to note that Colonel Heston obtained the release of the Stanger Brothers from prison and that aftenvard they were employed in the very factory they themselves had established. Under the management of Messrs. Heston and Carpenter the works were gradually enlarged and improved, and the manufacture of window glass was introduced. At this time, owing to the lack of railroad facilities, all the glass was hauled bv teams to what is now known as Mantua, at that time called Carpenter's Landing, and from there forwarded to Philadelphia in small sloops and tiat-boats. Colonel Heston died in 1802, and shortly afterward his widow disjiosed of the interest in the glass-works which had fallen to her to young Mr. Carpenter, whose father had been connected in the business with Colonel Heston. In 1806 Eben Whitney. Esq., of Castine. Maine, while on a voyage from the island of Madeira to Philadelphia, was wrecked ofif Cape May, Xew Jer- sey. He was many months engagetl in saving cargo and repairing his vessel, antl din-ing the frequent journeys which were obliged to be made between Cape May and Philadelphia he became acquainted with Miss Heston, the daughter of Colonel Heston. whom he married on August 2/. 1807. After his marriage Eben Whitney settled at Glassboro and there his sons Thomas H. and Samuel A. were born, and these two brothers were identified with the business their grandfather hatl heljied to establish, for a i)eriod of nearly fifty years. In 181 3 a new factory was erected in Glassboro, upon a site south of the original plant, which was first known as the Harmony Glass Works: and about the year 1824 the original plant built by Stanger Brothers was aban- doned and the business united with that of the Harmony Glass Works. In COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NElf JERSEY. 15 1835 Thomas H. Whitney purchased a one-third interest in the Inisiness and two years later acquired the entire works and continued the sole owner of them until 1840, when his brother, Samuel A. Wdiitney, bought a half interest in them. In 1842 the name of the plant was changed from the Harmony Glass Works to the Whitney Glass Company, and the same year the Stanger Glass Works at South Glassboro or Temperanceville were added to the Whit- ney interests, and they were operated under the firm name of \\'hitney Brothers until 1887. In 1882, Thomas H. Whitney having died and Samuel A. Whitnev hav- ing retired from the active management of the company, John P. Whitney, a son of Thomas H. Whitney, and Thomas W. Synnott, a nephew, continued to carry on the business as Whitney Brothers until 1887, when the business had grown to such proportions that it was deemed wise to incorporate, which was done under the name of \\'hitney Glass Works, J. P. Whitney, T. \V. Synnott and Eben W'hitney being the first incorporators. Since the incorporation in 1887 the business has gradually grown until now employment is furnished to over eight hundred operatives, and it is esti- mated that over sixty million bottles are produced annually. Besides the five furnaces at Glassboro the company operates a plant at Salem, New Jer- sey, and owns a plant at Blairsville, Pennsylvania, and a window-light plant at South Glassboro or Temperanceville. The main ofiices of the company are at 22j South Front street, Phila- delphia, and it maintains offices also in New York and Chicago. The present ofificers of the company are J. P. Whitney, president; R. D. MacLeod, vice- president; and C. J. Yost, secretary and treasurer. George Dudley Whitney. woodbury academy. The old Woodbury Academy is an educational structure that for some years has passed the century mark. It was established in 1791, the struc- ture itself being erected the^ same year with funds raised by lottery. — a method, however, singular to the reader of to-day, that was current at the time — a notable similar instance being the endowment of Columbia Col- lege of New York city in 1746-51, by lottery funds authorized by the state legislature. The site of Woodbury Academy was the gift of Joseph Bloom- field (afterwards from 1803 to 1812 governor of the state) in trust to the following gentlemen: Rev. Andrew Hunter, Dr. Thomas Hendry. John Sparks, Benjamin Whitall, Franklin Davenport, John Blackwood and Joshua Howell, for the sole purpose of erecting an Academy thereupon. In 1820 i6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ;i second story was added to the hitherto one-story structure and for fourteen years following it was also used as a place of worship by the Presbyterians. The Rev. Andrew Hunter was its first teacher, and during its subsequent conspicuous history many prominent individuals received their education within its walls, including Dr. James Rusli. of Philadelphia, Cominodore Benjamin Cooper, and Captain James Lawrence, of "Don't give up the ship" fame. The building subsequently was used for public-school purposes. The old academy, still jiresened and having on its exterior a Latin cross, is reputed to have been brought from San Domingo during the insurrection of 1789, where it had formerly ]:)een used in a convent. THE FOUNDERS OF OCE.-\N CITY. Tliis beautiful place had its origin in the enterprising efforts of four men, namely: Hon. Simon Lake and his three sons. Revs. E. B., S. Wesley and James E. These sons were natives of the southern portion of New Jersey, their plavground was on the beach and all their early associations were con- nected with that locality. Hence their work in after years, when men, were of a patriotic order, as they evinced a noble disposition in building up the interests of their native land. Thus they became factors in the upbuilding of the interests of this commonwealth. .\11 three of the sons became efficient workers in the itinerant ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church, as members of the New Jersey conference. In the course of time the attention of the sons was directed toward the establishment of a seaside resort where the sale of intoxicant liquors should not be allowed and the sacredness of the Sabbath be respected. Rev. E. B. Lake led in this enterprise, visiting a number of places along the coast, but at last found that in the scenes of his boyhood existed a point as eligible as anv. He was selected by his brothers and his father to superintend the enter- prise, and in order to accomplish the work he resigned temporarily from the ministry. Having a hardy constitution from his early training, he was ade- quate to the task, and in this he was aided by his father. OCE.-\N CITY .ASSOCI.^TION. The above is the title of a stock company formed about twenty years ago for the improvement of Ocean City, headed by Dr. W. B. Wood, of Phila- delphia, who was the first president of the association. Immediately upon organization the company began issuing stock and securing the land. The first topographical survey was made by W. Lake, February 13, 1880, and the part known as section A was staked oft' into avenues, streets and lots. \\'ork ^ar/c anc/ ^xssoc/af/on Sround, Ocean Oi'tj/, 7/eiv Jersey. Cold Spring Presbyterian Church. View of Ocean Cit>-. Arbury Avenue, Ocean City, showing the Central Trust Company Building. Jail, Sheriff's Residence, Countj- Offices and Court-house at Cape May Court House. View of the Beach, Ocean City. COXGRESSIOXJL DISTRICT OF XEW JERSEY. ij was l)egun in earnest and pnsheci, — clearing, ditching and placing brnsh at the north of the island for the gathering of sand and thus extending the ocean front. The first public sale of lots took place in May following, the lots selling for fifty thousand dollars each, and lots to the value of eighty-five thousand dollars were soon disposed of. The first deed was made to S. T. Champion, and another lot of land, called section B. was surveyed. A wharf one hun- dred and twenty-five feet long and seventy-two feet wide was built, at a great cost, connected with the city by a good road over the meadows. Board walks run parallel with this wharf the entire distance. The first building erected here was the little pioneer cottage on the rear of the lot now occupied by the offices of the proprietary company. It was first used as a boarding-house for the mechanics then at work on the island, and was sometimes occupied by as many as forty men. But the first build- ing of considerable size was the Bellevue, erected, by L B. Smith, at the corner of Seventh street and Asbury avenue, at which point the first funeral services ever held on the island were conducted, on the occasion of the death of Harry McCann. a boy who was killed by falling from a cart while hauling sand. The first hotel, the Ocean House, now Hotel Brighton, was also built by I. B. Smith. A railroad was built from Pleasantville to Soniers Point and formally opened to business October 26, 1880. .A steamboat was purchased to ply between Somers Point and Ocean City, thus completing connection with the general system of thoroughfares of the country. By the spring of 1881 a turnpike from Xeasley's Point to Ocean City, and a bridge over Thoroughfare Sound, were completed, by a company organized for the purpose. Rev. E. B. Lake has been the superintendent for the company from the first organization to the present time. He is endowed by nature for such a position, — as the saying is. "he is the right man in the right place." He is associated with every movement of progress in the city, being the prime mover of many of them. He has thoroughly investigated all the features, good and bad, of every point upon the Xew Jersey coast, and knows how to adopt the good and reject the bad. The present officers and managers are: President. Rev. S. W. Lake: vice-president. Rev. J. B. Grew: secretary and superintendent. Rev. E. B. Lake; treasurer. Dr. G. E. Palen: directors, G. L. Horn. G. B. Langley. H. B. Howell. Rev. J. E. Lake and Rev. W. B. Wood. i8 BIOGRAI'HICAL HISTORV Ol- THE FIRST COTTAGE HOUSES, OCEAN CITY. No more alluring theme can he suggested to the tired worker, weary w ith the heat and hurry of city life, than the "cottage hy the sea." It is the idea of home, peace, comfort, coziness in the midst of the royal environment of rest, all combined in a single phrase. The poet and the romancer have ever made much of the theme. The cottage homes of Ocean City constitute one of the striking features of the town. Breathing forth as they do in every delicate detail and elegant ornamentation the artistic spirit of the owner, they become every season the temporary homes of multitudes of summer so- journers who, although without a direct voice in local government, divide their home life with Ocean City. The streets and avenues lined with these cottages, w'ith well kept lawns, luxuriant shade-trees, constitute one of the delightful features of the coast town that harmonize delightfully with the tranquil feeling engendered by old Ocean at rest. A still more alluring sentiment — a discord which is yet a harmony — springs from the contrast between the tranquil and rest-giving cottage, and old Ocean lashed into fury. Nothing in story or song has ever adequately portrayed the delights of these ideal homes of the shore. The first cottage erected, the "pioneer cottage," stood at the rear of the present Association ofifice. The entire cottage feature has sprung into ex- istence since 1880. In the place of sand-hills and thickets, to-day wide streets cross everywhere at right-angles. Spacious residences and picturesque cottages succeed each other, making in the height of the season, though crowded with sojourners, a perfect rest picture. At the corner of Fifth street and West avenue is the home of Rev. E. B. Lake, one of the finest residences of the city. Other attractive residences are: The cottage of J. S. Rush, north corner of Eleventh street and Central avenue; the cottages of Rev. B. H. Sanderlin, H. G. Schultz, Dr. F. R. Graham, and Dr. Palin, on Ocean Front, besides his main dwelHng. Still others are those of R. C. Robinson, of Jordan Matthews, 712 Wesley avenue; of C. Meyers; of Henry Reinhart, Eleventh street and Central avenue; the Burleigh cottages. Central avenue below Eleventh street, and the residence of S. B. Sampson. OCEAN CITY BEACH. This magnificent beach, at present variously appropriated l)y ditTcrent summer resorts, comprises a delightful stretch of the New Jersey coast, some seven miles in length, of hard smooth ocean strand two hundred feet wide COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF XEIV JERSEY. 19 along the ocean margin of an island. It was formerly known as Peck's Beach and is located sixty miles southwest of Philadelphia, ten miles south of Atlantic City, and thirty miles north of Cape May. The healing breath of the climate and the health-giving waters of the surf allure vast throngs of patrons to its delights from the earliest opening to the close of the season. It lies on the thirty-ninth degree of north latitude. "Near this parallel," observes a writer, "are the Azores islands, noted for their equable climate; the Balearic islands of the Mediterranean sea; southern Italy, with vineyards and orange groves bearing fruit in the winter: the Ionian isles; Arabia, the land of dates, pearlin and tamarind: the central belt of the Flowery King- dom; and the Yosemite valley of California. Surf loathing here can be in- dulged in with the most grateful results from the last of May or first of June till late in October. Owing to the wide-shelving strand and the absence of quicksands or dangerous ground, this luxury is permissible at either high or low tide, while the exhaustion caused by heavy breakers is never experienced. For surf-water bathing the bay affords every facility. In the heated season no more picturesque scene can be found than on the beach and in the surf at Ocean City. It is alike the Mecca of the nervous invalid and the sporting arena of robust avoirdupois." "Down to its shores," says another writer, "flock invalids, worn and weary with the burden of the body; school children white and worn, and business men with nerves unstrung and shattered. Na- ture lays her hand upon her children and restores the waning strength to the weary body, paints the white face with the ruddy hue of health, leaves the tension and soothes into an indescribable peace and rests the overtaxed nerves." CAPE MAY BEACH. This beautiful resort, which increasingly attracts thousands upon thou- sands each season to its delights, is one of the most level of beaches along the entire Atlantic coast, and the finest. As it is one of the oldest, so it is one of the most charming of seaside resorts. By common consent it has been called "The finest beach in the world," wide, hard and smooth, free from anything save the finest sand tightly packed. It slopes so gradually into the sea that the thought of danger is never present and the rolling surges are enjoyed with the keenest zest. The beach and its vicinage was a conspicuous health resort long before speculation founded the multitudes of resorts that now crowd the coast, and its history is rendered fascinating by the customs and traditions of a hun- dred years. Sea bathing here is enjoyed likewise under the stimulus of a bracing atmosphere that gives life and vigor to every inhalation and of 20 niOGRAFlllCAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST liri,<;lu. l)lue skies, and a keener zest is excited l)y the crisp, clear water of tlie Atlantic rolling ceaselessly over the level beach. The change, rest and pleas- nre thus afforded attract not only the best people of the land, but also tour- ists from all parts of the world have long included sea bathing at Cape May atnong the delightful reminiscences of their travel. THE COLD SPRING PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. In the tirganization of Christian societies in Cape May county the church above mentioned is the oldest but one. being effected at Cold Spring in 1714. as an outgrowth from the first presbytery of the country, that of Philadelphia, which had been organized as early as 1705. Tlieir first house of worship was a log structure erected in 1718. and their first minister was the Rev. John Bradner. who was licensed by Messrs. Davis, Hampton and Henry, in 1714. This minister was a Scotchman who resided upon his own estate and gave his name to the little stream near the church. He served as pastor until 1721. For a long period this church, the oldest in Lower townshii). was the only house of worship for a large extent of the country. In 1762 the struc- ture was changed from one of logs to one of frame, and a long time after- ward, in 1823, a brick building took its place. Like all other works of art. and even like modes of worship, this building has shown change from time to time. A writer upon the colonial period says: "The meeting-house was never lighted except by the sun until singing- schools made it necessary to introduce candles. Night meetings in the meet- ing-house were considered improper, and the Presbyterians would have thought candles too suggestive of the superstitions of the church of Rome. There were no fire-places or stoves or other means of warming those old meeting-houses for many years after the colony was planted. '■' * * The Lord's day began at sunset on Saturday. The early ministers regarded the Sabbath as a time for the public worship of God and for religious instruc- tion. The people came together at nine o'clock for the morning service, summoned by the beat of a drum, the town crier or the blowing of a conch- shell or horn. The old meeting-houses were crowtlecl. for the people were anxious to attend the services on the Sabbath." The old log meeting-house of the Cold Spring Presljyterian church and the later frame structure both belonged to the period of psalm-singing, the high pulpit, in front of which were ranged the deacons and the ruling elders, and the days of hour-glass sermons, upon special occasions the hour-glass inverted two or perhaps three times. COXGRESSfOX.^L DISTRICT Of XEir JERSEY. COUNTY BUILDINGS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY. NEW JERSEY. The location of the county seat of Cumberland county having been fixed, after considerable controversy, at Cohansey Bridge, the first steps toward erecting a court-house and jail were taken at the May meeting of the justices and freeholders of Cumberland, in 1750. In June, 1751, one hundred pounds were ordered raised by the 25th of December following toward building the court-house, the structure to be of frame, thirty-two feet long, twenty-two feet wide and two stories high, and to begin in March, 1752. The managers were: Elijah Bowen, David Ogden, John Brick and Ephraim Seeley. The contractor was Howell Powell, who partially completed the court-house in the spring and summer of 1752 and to whom was paid, as appears by the county collector's accounts, the round sum of three hundred pounds, which was probably the amount of the contract. Additional expenses were: In February. 1753, "Ordered that the sum of seventeen shillings and sixpence be paid to Ephraim Luley for rum and sugar at Alexander Moore's:" and the following year to Ephraim Seeley, "for raising dinner and time to ]no- vide it, two pounds and seventeen shillings." Rates of taxes for raising the first assessment of one hundred pounds were fixed as follows: "Young men, two shillings: men one shilling; retailers of goods, ten shillings; mill, not less than two shillings and six- pence; above five sliillings, and male slaves, one shilling." This original structure, however, remained standing but a brief period after its completion. At some date between December 6, 1758 and January 4, 1759, the building caught fire in the night from the flames of an adjoining house and was burned to the ground. A second court-house, of brick, thirty-four by twenty-four feet in the clear, eighteen-inch walls for the first story and fourteen-inch for the second, was decided upon at a special meeting of justices and freeholders, to have a cupola on the roof in which to hang a bell, the bell being paid for by sub- scription. This second court-house was erected in 1759-60. The bell, cast in 1763 at Bridgewater, Massachusetts, was then put in place and did duty there until 1844, when it was removed to the belfry of the \\'est Jersey Academy, where it still remains a treasured relic of the jxist centurv and a half. In ^775-7 the second structure, located on the original lot in the middle of Broad street, was enclosed by a fence "to prevent the plaving of ball." In 1 79 1 a stove was substituted for "o])en fireplaces." The steady increase of population soon demanding a more commodious court-house, the matter for a considerable time was agitated, and in 1836 ad- 22 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE TIRST ditional grouiul adjoining the jail lot was purchased for sixteen himdred dollars and is the location of the present court-house. In the meantime the eastern ])art of liic count}' had increased rapidly in population and Millville became a strong rival as a location for the county seat. As the controversy progressed Fairfield also presented its claims. The three rivals were now Bridgeton, the original location, Millville and Fairfield. The matter was carried e\'en to the state legislature and various laws pro and contra were enacted. Finally, upon a popular vote, the Brooklyn location was chosen, and in May of 1844 Benjamin Sheppard, Joseph W. Woodrufif and Samuel Harris were appointed a building committee for a new and the present court-house structure. The building is of brick, forty by sixty feet in the clear; a lower story, used for jury rooms, ten feet in the clear, used as a court room, was completed by David F. Randolph, contractor, the cost of the entire structure, with appurtenances, being $10,674.43. The former court-house was sold for eighty-five dollars and torn down in 1844. In 1881 an addition was built onto the south end. The first jail in the county was erected of logs, in March, 1748, at Green- wich, by Ananias Sayre and was used until 1754, when, on acount of frecjuent escapes compelling the county to pay the debts for which the prisoners es- caping were held, a new brick jail was erected, at Cohansey Bridge. The log jail at Greenwich was sold in 1764 for three pounds and five shillings. This second jail, of brick, twenty-four by thirty-four feet, an underground dungeon seven feet in the clear, and a second story eight feet in the clear, though almost as insecure as the former log jail, stood until 1790, in the meantime a jail-yard enclosed by a brick wall fourteen feet high having been added. In May, 1790, the third jail structure was commenced, the location being changed to "stand north of the old gaol, between that and Main street, so as to bound on said street." It remained standing until 1867. An interesting relic of this jail is the key. still in the possession of the editor of the Bridgeton Chronicle. In February, 1866, the contract for the present jail structure was given to D. B. & W. C. Whitekar, this contract price being $22,839. It includes a fine residence for the sheriff, forty by twenty-two feet, two stories and attic, and adjoining jail fifty by forty-three feet, with middle cells and outside corridor. A division wall divides the cells into two parts, twelve each, built in two tiers of six cells each, each cell fi\e and a half by se\en and a half feet in size. This jail was completed in the fall of 1867. Other county buildings are: The offices of the count v clerk and sur- rogate, with fire-|iroof vaults for the preservation of the public records. A structure originally forty by thirty feet erected in 1816, added to in 1845, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 23 with fire-proof record rooms added in i860 and also in 1880; also the alms- house, first instituted and opened in June, 1810, but supplanted by the present almshouse in 1851. This building, erected at a cost of $9,129.73, is of brick, ninety-five by forty-six feet, and three stories high with basement. Each floor has fourteen rooms, with high ceilings, and well lighted and ventilated. The building stands on an elevated site and is a landmark for many miles around. In 1870 a building for insane paupers was erected, at a cost of thirty-t\\o hundred dollars. VINELAND LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND HISTORICAL AND ANTI- QUARIAN SOCIETY, CUMBERLAND COUNTY. NEW JERSEY. The general dissemination of knowledge throughout the community is more or less accurately reflected in the attention paid to the establishment of the public libraries. Before the settlement of Vineland had been erected into a borough, definite action had been taken in reference to this educa- tional feature. In May. 1876. a meeting was held by a number of gentlemen at the office of E. M. Turner for the purpose of organizing the Vineland Library Association. The undertaking met with cordial support, backed as it was by popular demand, and May 2y of that year a library was estab- lished and opened on Landis avenue, near Sixth street. The library has steadily grown in importance, the number of volumes now reaching into the thousands: and since its inception its growth has been materially advanced by liberal contributions of money and valuable books. A still older organization, founded soon after the settlement of the place, is the Vineland Historical and Antiquarian Society, — a kind of society the fruits of which, whenever instituted, are seldom foreseen save by its founders. The preservation of documents and the relics of antiquity have but little interest for most people. The founding of an historical society coincident almost with the settlement itself and the consequent preservation of its local history for future use, the ancestry and former residences of the original settlers, the founding and progress of the settlement, and the early story of the erection of schools, churches and other public buildings, all care- fully arranged, is a contribution to the history of Vineland that will become more and more valuable as the years advance. The first officers of the society were: President J. W. Morton: vice-pres- ident. Timothy Hoyt: secretary, Hosea Allen: assistant secretary, Mrs. William Bridges: treasurer. Mrs. O. D. Graves. Meetings were regularly held and the deepest interest Avas taken in founding the purposes of the organization, with the result, as above foreshadowed, that Vineland, now a consequential borough and entirely unique in its history among all the 24 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST local developments of the state, has its orig^in and growth accurately measured in the archives of its historical association. Even the first building, erected on the town plat by E. W. Fletcher, was purchased by the society and placed upon their lot in Peach street to be preserved as the very be- ginning of the place. When it is recalled thai nothing, however trivial, that occurred in the remote past, is insignificant to the historian, but, on the contrary, that many of the critical points of history are determined often by the chance preser- vation of common-place events, it will be seen that for benefit the future historian, through the faithful work of the Vineland Historical and Anti- quarian Society, will have smooth and uninterrupted sailing. SHOURDS FAMILY. (The following account is talerity. also contribute to the general welfare and to public progress. Mr. Sutton is one of the younger representatives of the commercial interests of his adopted county, and is therefore deserving of greater credit for the many possessions he has attained. He was born in Philadelphia. Pennsylvania, July 23. 1865, a son of John and Mary L. (Smith) Sutton. Tlie family name is of English origin. The paternal great-great-grand- father. William Sutton, was one of the early residents of Philadelphia, making his home on Broad street in colonial days. He was a real-estate dealer and had extensive property interests. Throughout his life he re- sided in the City of Brotherly Love, where centered many of the public interests of the country at that time. He lived to see the establishment of the republic, and in his political affiliations was a Whig. His children were Sarah, Joseph and Daniel D. He lived to the ripe old age of seventy-five years. The youngest member of the family was the grandfather of our subject. He resided at the old homestead in Philadelphia, and carried on a grocery business at the corner of Crown and Bedford streets — a well- kno'wn and resi^ected merchant of his native city. He voted with the Whig party until its dissolution, when he joined the ranks of the new Republican party. His death occurred in 1883, when he had attained the age of seventy-two years, and his wife passed away in 1879, at the age of sixty-seven years. Their children were John, Daniel D., \\'illiam. Peter. Almira, Anna, Elmira, Rebecca, Sarah and Emma. John Sutton, the father of our subject, was born in Philadelphia, and has spent his entire life there, being yet one of its esteemed citizens. He is now engaged in the undertaking business. His political views are in CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 59 harmony witli the ]jrinciples of tlie Republican party. He married Miss Mary L. Smitli. and two children were born to them, but the younger, Clara, died at the age of three years. Joseph Sutton, whose name introduces this review, obtained his educa- tion in the public schools of Philadelphia, and with a good practical knowl- edge of the English branches of learning he entered upon his Inisiness career, as an employe in the real-estate of^ce of Henry W. Gimber. He thus liecame familiar with the Ijusiness, learned the methods pursued l)y its representatives, and gained a good knowledge of land values. He was thus engaged until 1886, when he took up bookkeeping, which he followed for about ten years. Since 1895 he has been engaged in the real-estate lousiness on his own account in Ocean City, and is a recognized leader in this industry. He carries on a general brokerage business and is also extensively connected with various transportation lines. He is financially interested in the Ocean City steam railway, which has built and operates a branch from Ocean City to Sea Isle junction. He was one of the chief promoters of this road, and its success is largely attributable to his efforts in its behalf. He carries on business as a trolley contractor. He is also a stockholder and the secretary of the Pennsylvania State Construction Company, doing a general electric construction business. He is also the general gravel agent for the southern coast of New Jersey, and is interested in handling fancy tile clay, a company of which he is a member having extensive clay beds at Tuckahoe. He is one of the originators of the idea of filling up the meadows at Ocean City for building sites, a work that was prosecuted at the cost of one hundred thousand dollars: and he also repre- sented at this point the interests of Henry Moore, of Haddonfield, New Jersey, who is the principal owner of the Ocean City Railroad. Various other enterprises claim his time and attention, and he has been an important factor in securing the success which has attended many of these concerns. Mr. Sutton is also deeply interested in the movements affecting the welfare of the city and lends his aid and co-o]3eration in ever}- movement that he belie\es will ]3roniote the public good. He has been a member of the fire department, and is a supporter of the Republican party and is lal)or- ing earnestly to advance its growth and insure its success. Socially he is a member of the Masonic fraternity, in which he has attained the Royal Arch degree. He also belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen. His home relations are pleasant, and his family occupy an enviable position in social circles. He was married on Thanksgiving day of 1880, the lady of his choice being Miss Alice Bradshaw, of May's Landing, Their union has been blessed with two children, — John W. and Flora V. 6o BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORV OF THE FIRST Endowed by nature witli a sonnd judgment and an acurate. discrimin- ating mind, Mr. Sutton has not feared lliat laborious attention to business so necessary to achieve success, and tliis unusual quality has ever been guided by a sense of moral right. MRS. CLEMEXCE B.\SSETT. One of the old and honored colonial families of Salem county. New Jersey, the Bassetts, have been represented here for over two centuries. Following closely in the wake of the first few brave voyagers of Mayflower fame, the good ship "Fortune" plowed her way across the Atlantic ocean, in 162 1, and among the courageous souls who thus sought a home and "freedom to worship God" in the new land of promise there were two young men by the name of Bassett — William and Joseph. Many of their descendants continue to dwell in the vicinity of Lynn and Boston, Massa- chusetts, where they landed, while others reside in Rhode Island and Con- necticut. In 1691 William Bassett emigrated from Lynn to Salem, Xew Jersey, and here he and his posterity found happy homes and an abundance of this world's goods in return for their labors. One of the descendants of William Bassett was Howard Bassett, whose birth occurred in 1840, and who was a highly esteemed citizen of Piles Grove townshiji, this county. Born and reared within its boundaries, he took up the study of dentistry when a young man. but on account of ill health found it advisable to abandon the profession, and to seek the benefits of country out-door life. He accordingly turned his attention to agricul- ture. Among his lifelong friends and neighbors he was admired and be- loved, and, so far as is known, he possessed no enemies. Though he was a devoted member of the Friends' meeting, his love for the Union and the great causes at stake in the civil war led to his enlisting as a member of Company A, Twenty-fourth New Jersey Regiment, but when his country no longer needed the aid of her loyal sons he resumed his wonted place with the Society of Friends. At length the summons came to him that his earthly mission was at an end, and his eyes were closed in death five years ago, when he was in his fifty-fourth year. The marriage of Howard Bassett and Clemence Hinchman, of this county, was solemnized February 13, iSf^y. They liecame the parents of seven children, namely: Eugene W., Edward H., Mary Elizabeth (wife of C. A. Afattison). Gertrude W., Clement H., Clara H., and Howard, who died at the age of six years, in 1893. ^^''S- Bassett now makes her home CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJl' JERSEY. 6i with her aged mother, Mrs. Ehzal)eth B. Cawley, of Woodstown. The latter, who was born Novenilier 23, 1815, is a daughter of Samuel and Jerusha (Smith) White. She received unusually excellent educational ad- vantages for her day, as it was her privilege to attend Samuel Gourney's Boarding School, now St. Mary's Hall, Burlington, New Jersey, an insti- tution under the supervision of the Society of Friends. For one of her years she. is remarkably well preserved, her mind being as clear and keen as ever. She was married on the 8th of November, 1842, to Clement Hinchman, who met with a shocking death a few months afterwards, as he was caught in the cog-wheel of a mill at Sharpstown, and instantly killed. He was but twenty-five years of age and gave promise of becoming one of the best Inisiness men and leading citizens of this localitv. His only child, Clemence. the subject of this sketch, was born subsequent to his death, and the sorrowing young mother named her in honor of the father who had met so cruel a fate. About twenty years afterward Mrs. Hinchman became the wife of William M. Cawley, the date of this event being January 6, 1864. Mr. Cawley was a native of Piles Grove township, his birth hav- ing taken place in 18 19. He was orphaned at an early age and was self- educated and self-made, yet became a power in town and county afifairs. He was a master in chancery and surveyor and conveyancer. He was sum- moned to the silent land November 8, 1875, when in the fifty-seventh year of his age. Both he and his wife were active in the promotion of right- eousness, and ever ready to lend a helping hand to the poor and needy. DR. SAMUEL T. MILLER. When one has climbed the toilsome heights of life's journey and from the summit, ere descending into the peaceful valley of old age, can look back upon deeds of kindness done along the way. or help given to the sick and weary, and cheer to the despondent, it must be a blessed memory, a recompense for the hardships and trials which fall to the lot of most mortals. The honored and beloved physician whose name heads this sketch has had a long and varied experience, both in the walks of private life and on the field of battle, and now that he has given up active practice in his profession he has the satisfaction of knowing that a well-spent manhood is crowned with a gracious and genial old age, admirable in its rounded full- ness. Dr. Miller, who for nearly half a century has been a resident of Pauls- 62 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST l)oro, was Ixini near Clarksboro. Gloucester county, this state, Xovemlier 26, 1826. His father, John B. Miller, as well as his grandfather, also named John, was born in (Ireenwich township. John B. Miller was a prominent man in his locality, being successful rinancially and holding various public offices. He was a member of the state legislature in 1846 or 1847. ^^'3- a county judge and a justice of the peace. He also carried on farming extensively. In his early life he was a Democrat, Init on the formation of the Republican party he adopted its principles and became a strong advo- cate of its doctrines. He was married on New Year, 1822, to Elizabeth A., a daughter of Samuel Tyler, of Salem, New Jersey. They had nine children, of whom eight are now living: Abigail, the widow of Charles Hall, of Paulsboro: she is now seventy-five years of age: Samuel T. : Lydia .\., the wife of James M. Roe, of Paulsboro: Emily, the widow of George H. Gaunt, of Paulsboro: Anna, the wife of Zaccheus Sickler, of Salem: Edward G., a freeholder: Elizabeth, the wife of Daniel V. Summeral. of Salem county; and Charles F., a resident of Paulsboro. The subject of this sketch attended the local schools of his neighbor- hood until old enough to leave home, then going to Philadelphia. In this city he entered the University of Pennsylvania and was graduated in its medical department in 1850. He practiced one year in Harrisonville. and then removed to Paulsboro, which has ever since been his home. On the outbreak of the civil war Dr. Miller offered his services to his country, and September 4, 1862, was tuustered into the Twelfth New Jersey Volun- teers as surgeon. He did much valuable service during the operations in Virginia, and found ample employment for his skill in the hospitals as well as in other directions. At the close of the "war he returned to his home in Pauls- boro, where he had a large and successful practice for many years, retiring from active work in 1889. During his long and busy life Dr. Miller has been a leading spirit in all public enterprises connected with his town and couiUy. It was due mainly to his efforts that the Delaware River Railroad was built through Paulsboro, and he was for many years a director of the road, also serving as its treasurer and being at the present time secretary of the company. He has held \-arious other positions of trust: was county school superin- tendent, commissioner of deeds, and for ten years county judge. At the present time he is the physician at the almshouse. In politics Dr. Miller is a Democrat, and has lielonged to the political organizations of the county, and also to the Odd Fellows. He was one of five men who built the hand- some stone Methodist church in Paulsboro, and his purse has always been open to the calls of religion and philanthropy. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEU' JERSEY. 63 Dr. Miller has been three times married. His first wife was Fannie M. Price, born at Camden county, November 9. 1834. She died October 26, 1879, leaving two children, John B., residing at Paulsljoro; and Mary E., the wife of Ottos M. Keefer, living at Williamsport, Pennsylvania. Dr. Miller's second wife was Mary J., a daughter of John H. Forepaugh, of Philadelphia, to whom he was married January 11, 1882. She died February II, 1899. No children were born of this union. Dr. Miller married his third wife November 15, 1899, choosing Miss Mary M. Taylor, of Phila- delphia. JAMES HUNTER, M. D. Dr. James Hunter of Newliold, Gloucester county, was born in Phila- delphia, Pa., January 14, 1866, the son of James Hunter, Sr., and Martha M. Church, and is of Scotch-Irish ancestry on his father's side, and of Eng- lish ancestry on his mother's side. The Church family removed from England to Ireland at an early date. The ancestors of the Hunter family removed from Scotland to Ireland to escape religious persecution, settling in Belfast, Ireland. The grandfather, William Hunter, of Scotch parentage, was born in Ireland and spent there his entire life. James Hunter, the father of our subject, was born in Ballymore, County Antrim, Ireland, April 28, 1843. He came to America when seventeen years old and located in New York City. On August 9, 1862, he enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Seventieth New York Volunteers, and served until the close of the rebellion. He was mustered out in New York in July, 1865, as the lieutenant and adjutant of the One Hundred and Sev- entieth regiment. His military career is as follows: He enlisted August 8, 1862; mustered into service October 7, 1862; appointed sergeant October 7, 1862; second lieutenant March 3, 1863; and first lieutenant June 3, 1863. Discharged from the army, he removed to Philadelphia, where he en- gaged for several years in mercantile pursuits with his brother John. About 1870 he entered the employ of A. T. Stewart & Company, continuing until 1876, when he engaged in the wdiolesale notion business with William Sterling at No. 9 Strawberry street, Philadelphia. Later Mr. Hunter con- tinued the business alone, but on account of failing health, being finally obliged to relinquish his business, he retired until 1896, when he removed to Westville, where he now resides with his son. Dr. Hunter, the subject of this sketch. His other children are: William, who married Bertha Mundell and resides in Philadelphia; Jennie, who died in infancy; Hugh, now resid- 64 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ing in Philadelphia: Albert, the quartermaster on the United States steamer New York; and Edwin, who died in infancy. James Hunter, Jr.. acquired his primary education in the public schools of Philadelphia, subsequently taking a pharmaceutical course in the Phila- delphia College of Pharmacy. He afterward studied medicine under the instructions of Dr. Francis L. Haynes, of Philadelphia, and Dr. J. Barron Potter, of Bridgeton, New Jersey. In 1885 he entered the University of Pennsylvania and was graduated in 1888. During this year he assumed the practice of Dr. J. S. Sands, of Tarrytown, Pennsylvania. Returning to Philadelphia, he began practice for himself, remaining there for a brief period. For nine years he has been in continuous practice at Westville and New- bold, New Jersey. In May, 1891, he was married, at Deerfield, New Jersey, to Hannah B., a daughter of John H. Avis and Sallie B. Barker. They have one daughter. Avis, born May 31, 1897. Dr. Hunter is a member of the Gloucester County Medical Society, the New Jersey State Medical Society, and is an honorary member of the Salem County Medical Society. He is an examining physician for the New York Life Insurance Company, the Mutual Life of New York, Etna Life of Hartford, Connecticut, and the Pennsylvania Mutual. In 1897 he was elected the coroner of Gloucester county for three years. He has served as a member of the educational board, and as district clerk of that board. In political views the Doctor is a Republican, and in respect to religion he attends the Presbvterian church. COOMBS ACKLEY. Coombs Ackley resides at Ackley's mill, formerly known as Parbin's mill, near Centerton, Salem county, and is one of the most highly respected and popular men of this section. He was born in January, 1828, in a log house near the Maurice river, the eleventh of a family of fourteen chil- dren. His parents were Uriah and Sarah (Coombs) Ackley, who were among the first settlers of this locality. Uriah, of sturdy Scotch ancestry, bought, in 1815, about one hundred and fifty acres of timber land and swamp at the junction of the Maurice river and Muddy run. Here he built a substantial log house for his family and began clearing his land, cutting large quantities of lumber, hoop-poles and wood. He found a ready market for this produce in Millville and Bridgeton. whence it was shipped to Philadelphia, where it brought good prices. Another industry, that demanded a great deal of labor, was the ^^e-jjisRiilishing Co.Ch -t^i^^^y^^ e^^^^J^.^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 65 burning of charcoal on the adjoining land, known as the Cumberland Coal- ing, the present site of Vineland, the coal produced being used in the Millville furnaces. In a few years good crops of corn, rye and grass were growing on the cleared land, and large numbers of cattle, sheep and hogs were raised. These ran at large during the summer season, thus procuring their own living during a part of the year. Deer, rabbits and foxes were abundant and an occasional hear was seen, all of which made fine sport for the gunner. By industry and ijerseverance Mr. Ackley was soon in good circum- stances and prospered as the years passed. He enjoyed the confidence of the community in which he lived, was at one time a freeholder and held other township oiifices. With the assistance of a few neighbors, a school- house was built and a teacher hired for three months or a quarter of the year. Here religious services were held every Sunday, and when the Cum- berland circuit was formed an itinerant minister preached for the people on a week day once in two weeks. Uriah Ackley was also a local minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, taking a strong stand against the liquor traffic. His labors called him to different parts of Cumberland, Cape May and Salem counties, where he was widely known and beloved. . He died in 1854, at the age of seventy-four years. Sarah Coombs, his wife, was the daughter of Joshua Coomlis. of the vicin- ity of Millville and of a famih- widely known and respected. She was quiet and gentle in manner, a true mother and helpmeet. She died in 1879, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. There were born to Uriah and Sarah Ackley fourteen children, seven sons and seven daughters, all of whom lived to the years of maturity and were married. The deceased are Samuel, wdio died at the age of eighty years; William, at the age of eighty-six years: Joseph, at the age of eighty years; Rachel, at the age of sixty-eight vears; Hannah at the age of seventy-seven years; Jane, at the age of fortv-five years; and Sarah at the age of seventy years. The seven still living are Ann, aged eighty-one; Mary, seventy-nine; John, seventy-seven; Jes.sie. seventv- five; Coombs, seventy-two; Ruth, seventy; and George, sixty-five, making an average of the children a little more than seventy-three years. The de- scendants reaching the fourth generation are well scattered over southern New Jersey, and many have gone to other states. Coombs Ackley received in the public school what education he obtained, — and assisted his father in the farm until 1849, when he was married to Miss Jane Parvin, now deceased, a daughter of Lemuel Parvin, then the owner of the mill property. The next year he began work for his father-in-law in the sawmill, and continued in his employ for seventeen vears, or until 1867. 66 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST when he purchased the mill property of one hundred and fifty acres. The work done in the mill at that time was with the old "up-and-down" (vertical) saw: and though the work was done more slowly than in these days of cir- cular saws there was a ready market for all kinds of lumber and it brought good prices, so that the property was paid for in a few years; and from seven to eight hundred acres have been added, seventy acres being used for farm- ing. The pond or lake situated on Muddy run covers an area of one hundred acres or more, and is one of the prettiest bodies of water in south Jersey. It has become a popular resort for Sunday-school and lodge picnics, as it is where a quiet, restful day is sought in the woods and where boating is a favorite pastime. Coombs and Jane Ackley had five children, four of whom are still living. Their names are William, deceased: Christianna P.: Sarah J.; Emma S.: and Ida P. In politics Coombs Ackley is a Democrat. He served the county as a freeholder in 1863-4-5, during the civil war, when large sums of money had to be raised for bounty. He has also served at various times as a member of the township committee and commissioner of appeals, is quiet and unassum- ing in manner, never seeking office nor popularity. He is a trustee and steward of the Union Grove Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is an honored member and liberal contributor, always interested in the promotion of any good work and held in respect and esteem by his neighbors and many friends. AARON HURFF. Aaron Hurf^, one of the prominent residents of Swedesboro. Gloucester county, is descended from ancestry whose connection with the affairs of this country antedates the Revolutionary war. His grandparents, Conrad and Jerusha HurfT, were born, reared and married in Holland, and determin- ing to seek a home in America, they crossed the Atlantic, becoming early settlers near what is now Blackwood, near Woodbury, New Jersey. Their children were: John, who lived and died in Blackwood: Henry; George; Elizabeth, the wife of Rev. Thomas W. Davidson: Mrs. Ann Cheeseman. and Isaac. When the last named reached man's estate he located on a farm on Oldman's Creek, where he lived for some time. He then removed to an- other farm further down the creek, and became one of the most prosperous agriculturists of that locality. In 1849 'i^ visited friends in Illinois, and while returning was stricken with cholera, dying in Terre Haute, July 24, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEIC JIlRSnv. u-j 1849, at tlie age of sixty-two years and ten days. His wife Ijorc the maiden name of Elizabeth Jaggard, and was a clangliter of James Jaggard, wlio resided near Blackwood. The marriage of this worthy coujile was l)lessed with six children. Thomas, the eldest, wedded Mary Ann Cheeseman, had seven children, and died in Elmwood. Illinois, in i8g8, at the age of eighty-' eight years. George married Martha Ewalt, of Illinois, had six children, and died in Elmwood, in 1895, at the age of eighty-four. Keturah became the wife of James White, by whom she had five children, and her death occurred in California, while her husband passed away in Illinois. Henrv married Elizabeth Black, by whom he had se\'en children, and for his second wife he wedded Harriet Sailor, l)y whom he had three children. He always resided near Swedesboro, where he died in 1888, at the age of- seventy- three years. Sarah became the wife of Benjamin Weatherl^v, and they had a family of seven children. Daniel married Angeline W'hitesides, bv whom he had three children and is now li\'ing in Elmwood, Illinois. After the death of his first wife Isaac Hurff was again married, his second union being with Ann Jaggard, his first wife's sister. They had eleven children. William wedded Mary Lynch, by whom he had four children, ami died in Swedes- boro. in 1896, at the age of seventy-three years, and his widow is still living in Swedesboro, Reese married Ann Thompson, by whom he had nine children, and is living in Roaclstown, Cumberland county. New Jersey. Aaron is the next of the family. Elizabeth is the widow of Benjamin F. Swing and has five children, her home being in Shiloh. Cumberland county. New Jersey. Mary is the widow of John Ashcroft, by whom she had five children, three now living, and she is a resident of Swedesboro. Martha and Delilah were twins. The latter died in infancy, but the former married Samuel Cooper, of Bridgeport. Isaac, a resident of Elmwood. Illinois, married Elizabeth Lynch, and has two children. Deborah, deceased wife of Samuel Gaskill, of Swedesboro, had three children bv her marriage. Freeman and Freeland were also twins. The former died at the age of two years and the latter married Susan Justice, by whom he had. three children. He died in Bridgeport, at the age of fiftv-six years. Aaron HuriT obtained his education in the common schools, but his privileges in that direction were very limited, as he was enabled to pursue his studies for only a few days during the year, or, as he expresses it, "when it was too stormy to work on the farm." He has carried on agricultural pur- suits throughout his entire life, and has been one of the most successful farmers in southern New Jersey, His landed possessions are very extensive and valuable, and in addition to owning five farms he is one of the heaviest stockholders in the Swedesboro Bank. His other property interests are 68 BIOGRAPHICAL IIlSrORY OF THE FIRST also extensive and xaluable. He pnrchased and remodeled his ])resent resi- dence in S\vedesl)oro in i8~6, and lias since occu])ied it. On tlie 2(1 of May, 1850, Mr. Hurff was united in marriage to ^Nliss Sarah D. Gardiner, a daughter of Amos Gardiner, of ]\Iullica Hill. She died Mav ly, 1878. Tn their family were four children, but Mary Ann, the third in order of birth, died at the age of three months. Amos G., the eldest, is a resident of Swedesboro. He wedded Maggie Allen, and they have one child. Aaron H. Freeman married Hannah Sparks and has one living daughter. May. They also lost a daughter, Grace. Their home is in \\'ash- ington, D. C. Sarah G. is now the wife of Alexander B. Hewes, of Swedes- boro. In his ])(i]itical \iews 'Sir. Hurff is a stanch Repuldican, who keeps well informeil on the issues of the day, and is therefore able to advance an in- telligent argument in support of the principles which he advocates. His fellow townsmen, recognizing his worth and ability, have frequently called upon him to serve in positions of public trust, and in all he has discharged his duties with marked promptness and fidelity. In business affairs he is a man of keen discernment, very reliable and energetic, and his capable management and well directed efforts have brought to him creditable suc- cess, making him one of the wealthiest citizens of the county. ALBERT PORCH. M. D. Dr. Albert Porch of Clayton, New Jersey, will be represented in this connection as one of the leading and skillful physicians of his locality, whose career is justly entitled to be made a part of the history which he himself is helping to make. He was born at Franklinville. New Jersey. .April 9, 1842. His father was \\'i!liam Porch, a native of the same place. Our subject's grandfather on his paternal side, Samuel, was born in the same county, and his great-grandfather was Elijah Porch, whose ancestor came from Eng- land. Three brothers of the name of Porch came to America, one settling at Trenton, one at a point in this county, and one in Virginia. Samuel was in the war of 181 2. and our subject now possesses the sword he carried and prizes it highly. He conducted a store, sawmill and gristmill at Franklinsville for many years. He served as the postmaster for a long time, and was a justice of the peace for forty years. He was a great ad- mirer of General Jackson. William Porch, the father of our subject, followed farming and was a COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF XEll' JERSEY. 69 constable for forty years of his life. He collected taxes for twenty years and assessed his township for fifteen years. ]Many came to him for ad\-ice, relying on their own opinion not so nnich as upon his. In religious mat- ters he was a JNIethodist. and he lived a consistent life. He died in 1888. His wife's maiden name was Ruth Sunan, the daughter of Peter Sunan, a large land-owner of Salem county. She died in 1856. Of their the chil- dren, our subject is the only sur\ivor. After having attended the common schools, Dr. Albert Porch taught school when he was seventeen years of age. Next he engaged in the study of medicine, and graduated at Jefferson College in 1867, after which he located at Franklinville, practiced there for five years, and remo\ed to his present home in Clayton. He belongs to the Gloucester County Medical Society and the JefTerson College Alumni Association. For nine years he served as a member of the educational board. He belongs to the Masonic order, and is now a past master, and also a past sachem in the Order of Red Men. His name also appears on the roll of active members in the order of American Mechanics. In his practice he has had an almost phe- nomenal success. Out of the two thousand women whom he has cared for during their confinement, he has not lost a case. For his companion, the Doctor married Martha Melford. the daughter of Lorenzo Melford. of Millville. Of their five children, the names of the living are: Hannah, a graduate of the normal school; and Alice, Harriet and Francis at home. We here subjoin a bit of national as well as family history, of which the stibject and his children may \\ell care to preser\e. During the stormy days of our war for independence, our subject's great-grandmother served as a cook in General Washington's army. She accompanied the army wherever they chanced to go, and was at the hard-fought battle of Trenton, New Jersey. Our subject has frequently heard her tell how the British bullets whistled as they sped by her! In concluding this Ijrief memoir of the Doctor and his estimable family, it should be remarked, in passing, that one seldom meets a familv whose ancestry are so closely connected with the singular and great historic events of our country, as the one of which we have just written. Members of his family ha\'e served in lioth the war for national independence and the war we have come to call the "War of 181 2." Our subject's excep- tional success as a medical practitioner, his connection with the wirious civic and religious orders, his bright and interesting family, all make his life and history both valuable and replete with interesting events. ■JO B/OGR.IFIUC.IL HISTORY OF THE FIRST CLARK PETTIT. It is scarcely necessary to introduce this gentleman to our readers, as his name is familiar not onl)- throughout New Jersey, hut also in almost ever_\- other state in the Union, as one of the foremost breeders of fine stock in this country; and he has done more to advertise the city of Salem, this state, than any other man living here. He is a farmer of more than average ability and instead of following in the old beaten track, has branched into new channels and raised the standard of the New Jersey farmer. He is a son of James Jess and Elizabeth R. (Ridgeway) Pettit, and was horn November i, 1843. in Mannington township, this county, cjn the beau- tiful villa, llcdgefield, which was formerly the pro])ert_\- of his grandfather and is now his own home. The ancestral tree of the Pettit family grew on English soil, the first branch of the family being transplanted to America in 1638, when John Pettit located with his family in Roxbury, Massachusetts. Mr. Pettit traces his genealogy back in a direct line to this early pioneer as follow's: James Jess; Woodnut, married Sarah Jess; Joseph, who married Sarah Bassett in 1801 : Jonathan, who built at Tuckertown in 1799 and mar- ried Mary Shourds; Nathaniel, who settled in Tuckertown, this state, in 1734: Moses, who located at Mansfield, New Jersey, in 1718; Nathaniel, who came to Trenton, New Jersey, in 1714. and owned the bluffs upon which the New- Jersey statediouse now stands: Thomas, a resident of Newtown. Long Island, in 1682; and John, the founder of the family on American soil. Woodnut Pettit, the grandfather, was born in Lower Penn's Neck tow n- ship, where he attended the country schools and later engaged in farming in that and Elsinboro townships. In 1821 he purchased Hedgefield and re- sided there until the marriage of his son, the father of our subject, when he moved to Salem and lived in retirement for some si.xteen years prior to his death. He owned two hundred and fifty acres of land, the first to l)e cleared off between Salem and Woodstown. This clearing was the work of Samuel Hedge, who married one of the daughters of John Fenwick. Woodnut Pettit was a very prominent man and closely identified with the local affairs of that community, at one time serving as a member of the legislature. He was a member of the Society of Friends and attended the Salem meeting. He was a man of strong force of character and decided opinions who lived up to his ideals and was esteemed for his honorable and upright life. James Jess Pettit. the father, was born in Lower Penn's Neck township in 1 819 and spent the eariier part of his life in farming on the land now- owned and occupied Ijy his son Clark. In 1866 he retired from the acti\e duties of life, finally taking up his residence in Woodstown. where he now oyf4c yiMzt: COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEJl' /ERSEV. yi lives. He has been closely identified with townshi]) affairs and held a num- ber of offices, such as assessor, committeeman, etc. He was formerly a Whig, later a Republican, and then having the courage of his convictions, he took a decided stand for prohibition and has been an ardent advocate of that policy ever since. He has always been an attendant of the Salem and W'oodstown meetings and is a man whose sterling worth and pure life has made him a man among men. He was united in marriage with Miss Eliza- beth Ridgeway and for more than half a century they have journeyed through life together, sharing each other's joys and sorrows until they have reached the eighty-first and seventy-eighth years respectively of their lives and are spending their sunset years in the serene consciousness of lives well spent and duties fittingly performed. Three children were sent to brighten their fireside and bring comfort to their declining years, the eldest being Clark, our subject; Ruth, born April 3, 1845, married William Reeves, formerly a farmer of this vicinity, but latterly a resident of Helena, Montana, where he is interested in the mines of that state. Their two children are ^lartha. who married \\'arren Flitcraft, a druggist of Haddonfield. this state, by whom she had one child. Ruth, and Frank Reeves, who is in the insur- ance business in Philadelphia: and Dilwyn, who was born (October 25. 1847. and married Miss Mattie Smith and is a lumber merchant in Boston, Massa- chusetts. He has one son, Clarence. Clark Pettit was educated in the schools of Salem and Eldridge Hill, graduating at the Salem high school. He then assisted his father with the duties of the farm, gradually assuming the management until he had entire control, carrying on general farming. In 1870 he began breeding fine stock of different kinds, and his horses, cattle, sheep and swine are known over a large section of the country. His hogs are the finest bred in this state, and every state in the Union has received shipments of his Jersey Reds, a pure strain of which he is justly proud. He has also been noted for his South- down sheep, while his herds of Jersey and Guernsey cattle it would l)e a difficult matter to equal. But it is his horses that form the chief attraction at this peerless farm. Standard-bred road and track horses are his specialty, and his stud, established in 1880, has contained horses whose records have made them famous all over our land. The beauty and symmetry of these colts attract universal attention and enable them to command double the price of any other breed in the country. At the head stands Bellman with a record of 2:14^. and King Wedge with a trial of 2:26. While his brood mares are from horses who are speed getters, such as Onward, Red W'ilkes. Leland, George Wilkes, Aberdeen, Dictator, Saladin, Othello, Lancewood and Happy Medium, of Hambletonian stock. Mr. Pettit has raced Bellman in 72 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST all the larger cities and he has trotteil his half mile in i :o3. He covered him- self with glory hy heating the cracks of his class in hotly contested races and added additional laurels to a record which was par excellence, a superior one. There are but few farms having two stallions that are adding to their honors right along like Bellman and King Wedge. Some of the colts bred by him that have made records in the racing world and brought their owner a handsome price are Camilla, record 2:24-!; Bellette. record 2:16^^, trial 2:13!; Bell, of Hedgefield, 2:29^, trial 2:19; Betsey Bellman, 2:2T,'l, trial 2:13; Bell Leland, 2:23^; Baltimore, 2:30; Brigham Bell, 2:22:J^, trial 2:19, and Nellie R., 2:i5f. Mares from all over the country are sent to his stables to be bred. South Carolina, Montana, \'irginia, etc.. being often represented, seventy head now being found there. At the tri-state fair of Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey held in 1894 he took six first prizes and one second on seven entries, and in eighteen show rings Bellman carried ofif eighteen first premiums. Few men are better known through- out the state than Mr. Pettit or enjoy a better reputation for honest, upright dealing. He also conducts a nursery, which was established about fifty years ago and from which he sells many trees of such varieties as his life experience proves are best suited to that locality. He was married January 3, 1866, to Miss Mary Colson, a daughter of Benjamin Colson, a farmer of Gloucester county. They have three chil- dren: Henry Woodnut, born in December, 1866, is a salesman of Salem. He married Miss Mary House, a daughter of Jonathan House, of Alloway, and has one child, Mary. Carroll Lippincott, born in 1868, is a farmer in Piles Grove township and married Mamie Smith, a daughter of Peter E. Smith, by whom he has four children, — Frank, Elmer, Joseph and Cornelia; and Charles R., at his parental home. His wife dying May 17, 1882, when in her thirty-ninth year, Mr. Pettit on October 8, 1884, chose as his bride Miss Mary Augusta Austin, daughter of William Austin, a prominent farmer of Piles Grove township. This union also resulted in the birth of three children, — Edward Austin, James and John Lawrence. The home of Mr. Pettit is familiarly known as Hedgefield and is one of the most attractive spots in Salem county. The grounds are among the most productive in this section of the state, noted for fertile lands, and are ornamented by attractive, spacious buildings, surrounded by fine shade and ornamental trees and occupying an eminence commanding a view of country at once pleasing and varied. In politics he prefers to be independent of any party lines and votes for the best man regardless of party. He attends the Friends" meetings at Salem and is a man who would be a credit to any com- munity. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEIV JERSEY. 73 JAMES SWING JOHNSON. Anv liistory of New Jersey would fail to be complete unless the name of James Swing Johnson was given a place in its pages, for he was a typical representative of one of the earliest pioneer families of Salem county, the memory of whom will ever be held sacred for the services rendered this part of the state in its struggle against barbarism and ignorance. He was born June 17, 18 19, in Lower Penn's Neck township, and was a son of William and Margaretta Lambson. The earlier settlers who came to this county in the early part of the eighteenth century found the name of John- son was a familiar one even at that time. A Swedish family named Johan- son located on the eastern shore of the Delaware at what is now Penn's Neck in 1640, but the name was soon merged into Johnson. The first English settlers of that name was Richard Johnson and his cousin Thomas, who settled in Fenwick's tenth a few months before that gentleman himself located in this country. John Johnson and his wife, whose maiden name was Jane Suayberry, came from London, England, about 1756 and settled in Salem, where he purchased a large tract of land in Piles Grove, now Pittsgrove township, upon which they settled. He possessed considerable property and was a man of means. He died March 31, 1802, at the age of seventy-seven years, and his wife, June 28, 1825, at the very advanced age of ninety-two years. Their family consisted of James, John, Rebecca, Samuel, Phoebe, William, Mary and Isaac. James Johnson, the eldest son, was born October 31, 1757, and entered the Colonial army, taking part in the battle of Red Bank, New Jersey. He was one of the earliest settlers and most influential busi- ness men of Lower Penn's Neck township, Salem county, where he owned several hundred acres of land, which has since been divided into a great many farms. He came from Mannington township in 1809 and resided near the village of Salem. He was a man of splendid physique, possessed of great power and endurance and energy, with a well balanced mind of extraordinary breadth. He was one of the most successful farmers in this county at that time and occupied an enviable place in the affections of the people. He was an earnest Christian, a deacon and member of the Baptist church at Salem up to his eightieth year, when he received the call to come up higher on February 9, 1837. His wife died March 19, 1825, at the age of sixty years. William Johnson, the father of our subject, was born October 12, 1788, and was one of the children born to James and Christenah Johnson. He at one time was engaged in the pursuits of agriculture in Lower Penn's Neck 74 BIOGRAPHICAL HTSrORV OF THE FIRST townshi]). on tlu- farm now owned hy Mrs. James Swing Johnson, and later moved to Talbot county, ^Maryland, where he purchased heavily of farm lands and mill ])roperty and carried on an extensive commerce. While taking a cargo of lumber to market in Baltimore in 1853 he was accident- ally drowned, and he is still remembered by some of the older inhabitants as an energetic worker and a man of splendid principles. He was married April 25. 1810. to Miss Margaretta Lambson, who departed this life May 12, 1866. She was a direct descendant of Thomas Lambson. who came from England in i6go and settled in Lower Penn's Neck township. Their offspring were thirteen in number and were as follows: Isabella L., born July 3, 181 1 ; Rebecca, born November 23. 1812. died January 8. 1887; Christianna. born May 16. 1814; Mary J., born June 18, 1816; James Swing, our subject; William Lambson, born March 23, 1821, and died February 17, 1843; Ephraim Loyd, born November 3, 1822, and died October 13, 1843: Edward M., born April 28, 1824, and died November 25, 1871 : John, born January 13, 1826. and died October 2;^, 1871; Margaretta, born INIarch 19, 1827. and is now Mrs. Flanigan; Robert Dunlap, born September 19, 1828, and died February 14, 1880; Ferdinand, born December 3, 1831. is a resi- dent of Pennsylvania: and Charles, borii July 18, 1835, is a resident of Vir- ginia. The father died September 3, 1853. James Swing Johnson left his native country in early manhood and located for a time in New Orleans, where he made considerable money. From there he went to Caseyville, Kentucky, wlierc he was for four years the manager of the Kentucky Coal Company, in which he was a stockholder. During these years his heart turned longingly to the home of his youth; so he closed up his business in such a manner that he was at liberty to make his home once more in old Salem county. New Jersey. Arri\ing here, he purchased the old homestead in Lower Penn's Neck township and took up his residence there for a number of years. He was offered a good posi- tion as the manager of the Keystone Lumber Company, and in order to properly manage this business he rented his farm and moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where he remained for some time. He once more took up his resi- dence on the farm and devoted his time to agricultural pursuits until 1888. when he moved to Salem, where he died two years later. He was married on October 11. 1854. to Sarah Lindzey, a daughter of John Lindzey. and they had three children, concerning whom we observe that William, born September 15, 1855. is a farmer and married Marion, a daughter of Amos and Sarah Harris, by whom he had three children, — James, Josephine and Howard. John Lindzey, born January 20, 1857, is a farmer near the old home; he married Catherine, a daughter of Casper W. COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY 75 Acton, and tlieir children are Racliel Acton and .\rthur Lindzev: and Charles Moorhead, who was horn January 27i. 1858, and is a farmer, mar- ried Lydia, a daughter of George and Sarah Grier. Their children are W'etherell. Rebecca. Ferdinand and Helen. Mr. Johnson had been on the board of trustees of the First Baptist church for very many years, and his death was considered a personal loss to each member of that organization, all of whom knew and appreciated the sterling worth of the man. He held a number of township offices and was accounted a man whose public and private life was above reproach. CLAYTON D. TICK. The subject of this sketch belongs to a family that has long been iden- tified with ]\Ionroe township. Gloucester county. New Jersey, their history in this country dating beyond the Revolutionary period. Nine brothers of the name of Tice came from France to America in Colonial times and settled in New Jersey, and from one of them is Clayton D. Tice descended. Major John Tice, his great-grandfather, earned his title in the Revolutionarv war. He was one of the first settlers of the vicinity of Williamstown, took up a large tract of land here, and from his land sold a great deal of timber which was used in shipbuilding. His son. Franklin Davenport Tice. was born here and passed his life at this place, engaged in agricultural pursuits. Among his children was a son, Mark N., born on his farm June 12, 1829, and who is still living here, his active years having been spent in work at the carpenter's trade and farming. Mark N. Tice served one term as Free- holder in his township, and in the Methodist Episcopal church, with which he has long been identified, he has served in various official capacities, also being active in Sunday school work, filling the ofBce of superintendent. He was married June 26, 1855, to Miss Rebecca Davis, daughter of John Davis, of Cumberland county, this State: and to them were born nine children, five of whom are living, namely: Clayton D.. whose name introduces this arti- cle: William J., engaged in business with his brother Clayton D.: Nettie R., wife of Amos Armstrong of Downer. New Jersey: Paris T.. of Glassboro, New Jersey; and Mulford, of Williamstown. Clayton D. Tice was born at Williamstown, New Jersey. December 22. 1858. He attended the country schools in his early boyhood and when only twelve years old began working out by the month as a farm hand, receiving as wages $5.00 per month. He always made it a point, however, to lay up a little of his scant earnings each year, and in this way he got his 76 BIOGRAI'HICAL HISTORY OP THE FIRST start in life. He was never idle, ttn-ned readily from (inc thing to another whenever opportunity offered for him to better his condition, and from a poor boy working at $5.00 per month he has pushed his way up to a position of independence. From 1888 for a period of three years he was employed as fireman on a railroad engine. Previous to this. March 25. 1885. he purchased the farm on which he has since lived, and on which he has built a comfortable residence, replacing the small house on it at the time of pur- chase. In connection with his farming operations he runs a thresher and sawmill and sells charcoal and cord wood, dealing extensively in the latter. His sales to the Baldwin Locomotive Works amount to $200 per month. He ships to various points, including Philadelphia, and his total sales aver- age no less than $10,000 per year. Mr. Tice was married April 25, 1885. to Miss Elmira Lollo. a native'of \\'illiamstown, and a daughter of Henry Lollo. They have two children, John D. and Hazel V. WILLL\M H. :\IcCULLOUGH. As a leading citizen and prominent member of numerous fraternal order? of Swedesboro, as well as for his record as a brave soldier in the civil war. this gentleman deserves a place in this historical work. His native city is Philadelphia, where he was born December 5, 1845, and is the only child of Hugh and Eliza (Rainey) McCullough. The father was born in Scotland, whence he went to Ireland, and there married. He came to the L^nited States in 1838. settling first in Philadelphia and afterward removing to Swedesboro, where he followed agricultural pursuits the remainder of his life. He died in 1881, at the age of sixty-seven years. His wife died in 1871. William H. pursued his studies in the public schools of Philadelphia and Swedesboro until sixteen years of age, when, although a mere l)oy in years, his patriotism was aroused by the call to arms, and September 2, 1861. he enlisted, in Brooklyn, as a private in Company D. Forty-eighth New York Volunteers. He sen-ed throughout the war. re-enlisting at Hilton Head. South Carolina. December 21, 1863, and being discharged by reason of wounds received in action May 12, 1865, while in the general army hospital on David's Island, where he had been sent on account of said wound received at the battle of Strawberry Plains, August 16, 1864. After returning home, Mr. McCullough engaged in farming, which he followed until 1883, and at that time, as a result of the wounds recei\-ed while in the army, his health became impaired, and he was oljliged to find some less laborious employ- ment. Since then he has been a dealer in all kinds of building material, such CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. yy as lumber, brick, stone, cement, lime and hardware, and has made it finan- cially s.uccessful. On December i6, 1869. Mr. jNIcCullough was married to Miss Marv ^IcDowell. a daughter of David JMcDowell, of Woolwich township. Glou- cester county. They have had six children, as follows: Hope, who became the wife of William Black, of Swedesboro, now deceased; Eliza, who mar- ried William C. Richardson, a farmer of New Bridge, this county; Thomas, a fireman on the West Jersey & Seashore Railroad; Hugh, employed in his father's store; William H., a fireman on the West Jersey & Seashore Rail- road; David M., attending school; and Richard, who died when one year old. As a man of good judgment and executive ability Mr. McCullough is held in high esteem by his townsmen. He is a director of the Lake Park Cemeterv- Company, a stockholder in the Swedesboro National Bank, of Swedesboro, also in the Swedesboro Heat, Light & Power Company, and for sixteen years has been a member and director of the local Building & Loan Association. He was also one of the original stockholders of the Swedesboro Glass W'orks, and also a member of the board of managers. At the reorganization of the company he was one of the four who bought out the others, becoming its business manager, and he served in the latter capac- ity for two years, until it became firmly established, when he sold his share to the other three partners, thus securing to the town this industry that has been so valuable to it. For thirty-three years he has been an elder in the Presbvterian church, and has been the superintendent of the Sundav-school for nearlv the same length of time. He is perhaps the best known man in the county in the fraternal organizations, in all of which he has been an acti\e worker, and has filled important offices. He was made a Mason in 1884. in the Woodstown Lodge, No. 138, F. & A. M., and in 1886 was the chief organizer and the first worshipful master of Swedesboro Lodge, No. 157. He is a past grand of Osceola Lodge, No. 75, L O. O. F., of Swedesboro, and for sixteen con- secutive years its secretary, and a member of the board of managers of the Odd Fellows Home at Trenton, New Jersey. From the "Knights' Jewel" we quote the following: "We present to our readers this month a fac-siiuile rejiroduction of the features of one of the supreme representatives of the "Mosquito" state. Brother McCullough has always been an earnest and indefatigable worker in the Pythian cause. He was initiated in Viola Lodge, No. 40. on Jamiary 23, 1872. In 1873 he was elected master at arms of the lodge and then suc- cessively to the stations of prelate, vice-chancellor and chancellor com- mander. At the convention of the grand lodge held in 1876 he received the 78 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST grand lodge rank and has not missed a convention of that body since. In 1878 he represented his lodge in grand lodge, and in 1879 was appointed depnty grand chancellor and reappointed in 1880, during both years con- tinuing to represent his subordinate lodge in the conventions of the grand lodge. In 1 88 1 he was elected grand master at arms and passed regularly to the stations of grand prelate, grand vice chancellor and grand chancellor, receiving the supreme lodge rank at Washington in 1894. In the grand lodge of Xew Jersey he has also held leading positions on important com- mittees and his services were rewarded in 1889 by being elected supreme representative, in which oflfice he is now serving." Mr. McCullough is also a past master workman of Swedesboro Lodge. No. 28, .\. O. U. W'.. and is now the grand master workman of the state of New Jersey. He was the first commander of John A. Dix Post, No. 19. G. A. R.. and has held that position for the past five years. He is also a member of the Fifty-eighth Regiment, New York State \'olunteer \'eter- ans" Association, and past chief of Coeur de Leon Castle, K. of G., No. 36, of Swedesboro. He belongs to the volunteer fire department, and is serving his second year as its chief.' In politics Mr. McCullough is a Republican, and served as clerk of his township from 1881 to 1891. He was a trustee of the Madison district school until his removal to Swedesboro, since which time he has been a trustee of the latter district. He also served five years as district clerk and is at pres- ent the president of the board of trustees of the State Industrial School for Girls at Trenton. In all these positions of honor and trust Mr. McCul- lough has faithfully performed his duties and earned the respect and esteem of his associates. ANDREW J. TOM LIN. In all life's relations. — in business, as a member of the navy and in politi- cal oftices. — Andrew Jackson Tomlin has so ably and faithfully discharged his duties that he has ever won high commendation. Success has attended his industrial efforts and he has won honor in militarv- and political life, yet above all he has gained that good name which is rather to be chosen than great riches, and Cape May county numbers him among her valued and representative citizens. He is now living in Goshen, where he is ex- tensively engaged in farming, owning and operating four hundred acres of rich land. Mr. Tomlin was born in the town which is now his home. March 15. 1845, 3nd is a son of John and Judith (Cresse) Tomlin. His grandfather. John Tomlin. was an agriculturist, and at the time of his death resided upon COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEJV JERSEY. 79 what is known as the Tomlin farm on Maurice river. His pohtical sup- port was given the Whig part3\ He died at the age of forty-nine years, and liis wife, Mrs. Judith Tomhn, passed away at the ripe old age of three- score years and ten. They were the parents of seventeen children, of whom five died in earlv life, the others being John, Matthew, Elizalieth, Hannah, David, Mary, Catherine, Aaron, Thompson, Job, Isaiah and Ann. John Tomlin, the father of our subject, was born at Swedesboro, New Jersey, February 8, 1798, and in the common schools acquired his educa- tion. After entering upon his business career he devoted his energies to farming and stock-raising. He owned a farm upon which the city of \''ine- land has since been Ijuilt and made a specialty of raising cattle, having as many as two hundred head. He continued in the latter enterprise until 1864, and throughout his life he followed farming, being the owner of an extensive tract of land of seven hundred and twenty-five acres near Goshen. His political support was given the Democracy and several times he served as the coroner. He was twice married, his first union being with Judith Cresse. Their children were as follows: William, who engaged in farm- ing in Cumberland count}- up to the time of his death, and at one time served as a freeholder, married Phoebe Steelman, and their children were Hannah, Jonas, Sidney, Edward, Emma, , Lizzie and Linda. Eliza, the second of the family, died in infancy. Elizabeth became the wife of Charles Eldredge, who was a carpenter of Cold Spring and afterward engaged in farming at Shiloh, New Jersey. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Eldredge were Harry, Linda, Charles, Jennie, Judith, Hattie, Abbie and Paul. Man garet was twice married. She first l)ecame the wife of John T. Allen, and their daughter, Kate, died in infancy. Her second husband was James Newcomb, by whom she had two children, — Emma and Frank, — the former the wife of Jesse McFIenry, assistant superintendent of the glass factory in Millville and a member of the board of education. Martha, the fifth child, became the wife of Thomas T. Wales. Sarah is the widow of Lott Corn- wall, who was a farmer of Goshen, and afterw.ard engaged in merchandising at Bridgeton, New Jersey. He died leaving a son, John T., who now owns and operates a gristmill in Fairton, New Jersey. Judith died at the age of seventeen years. Albert, a practicing physiciaq of Bridge- ton, married Lamson Most and liad one child. John Franklin married Louisa Morrell, a daughter of Rev. John Morrell. During the civil war he became the captain of Company 1. Twenty-fifth New Jersey Infantry, and participated in the battle of Fredericksburg and in a numl:)er of other engagements. On the expiration of his nine-months' term of en- listment he returned home and engaged in teaching school, but later he 8o BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST resigned his position as teaclier and once more entered his country's ser- vice, becoming- the captain of Company M, Third New Jersey Cavalry, in which he served until the close of the war. He subsequently removed to Missouri, where he engaged in farming and cattle-raising. He now re- sides in Green Ridge, Pettis county, that state. His children are: Edward; Emma; Morrell, who was a captain in the Second Missouri Regiment in the Spanish-American war; Francis; and Harold, who is serving with the United States volunteers in the Philippines, a member of the Thirty-second Missouri Regiment. Mary, the next member of the family of John and Judith Tomlin, was born in 1843 and married Richard H. Townsend, a sol- dier in Company B, Tenth New Jersey Infantry. He afterward became a member of the Twelfth Regiment and was shot through the heart at the battle of Gettysburg while leading an assault on a barn. He was then serving as first lieutenant. His children are Edwin, who was born in 1862; and Mary, wife of Benjamin F. Springer, by whom she has four children, — Frank, May, Clara and Morris. Andrew J. is the next of the family. Ju- lietta, the youngest, died in 1854, at the age of seventeen years. John Tomlin, the father of these children, died June i, 1878. at the age of eighty years, and his wife passed aAvay in 1852, at the age of forty-two years. Andrew J. Tomlin of this review acquired a good practical English education in the public schools of Goshen, where he pursued his studies until seventeen years of age, when he ran away in order to enlist in his country's service. Prompted by a spirit of patriotism which he could not quell he entered the United States marine corps at Philadelphia, and for a time served as sergeant of marines on the United States steamship. R. R. Cuyler, in blockading the harbor of Wilmington, North Carolina. He was afterward on the Wabash in the capture of Fort Fisher, and for valorous conduct in that engagement recei\'ed a medal of honor, consisting of a bronze star, suspended from a bronze anchor, upon the reverse side of which appears the following inscription: "Personal Valor. Andrew J. Tomlin, Corporal of Marines, U. S. S. Wabash. Fort Fisher. January 15, 1865." Accompanying the medal was the following letter: \\"ashington, D. C. July 25, 1866. Sir: I have the pleasure of transmitting herewith the medal of honor awarded to you by the secretary of the navy, in general order No. 39 (dated June 22, 1865), for gallant and meritorious conduct whilst serving on board the U. S. S. Wabash in the attack on Fort Fisher. V^erv respectfullv. etc., GIDEON WELLES, Secretarv of the Navv. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. ' 8i After the engagement at Fort Fisher the Wabash went out of commis- sion and Mr. Tomlin was transferred to the Mohongo and sent to the Pa- cific coast, where lie spent sixteen months. In 1866 he returned home, but again enlisted and was sent to the Mediterranean on the United States sloop of war, Plymouth, on which he spent three years. That vessel acted as escort to the Monarch, on which was brought home the remains of George Peabody, the great philanthropist. Mr. Tomlin was in European waters at the time of the Franco-Prussian war. and while thus engaged visited all the various places of interest along the Mediterranean. There were eleven vessels in the fleet sent to that sea to protect American interests there. Among other places which he visited were Jerusalem. Bethlehem and Bethany, and he now possesses a certification of visitation to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, in Jerusalem, having spent five days in that city. On his retirement from the navy, where he made a most creditable and honorable record, Mr. Tomlin returned to Goshen, Cape May county, where he has since engaged in farming four hundred acres of rich land, all of which is under a high state of cultivation and yields to the owner excel- lent returns for the care and labor he bestow^s upon it. While his life has been a busy one. owing to the extent of his agricultural operations, he has yet found time to aid in the public service and has filled a number of of- fices. He is a stanch Republican in politics, has been jur}- commissioner for one year, and was the sheriff of Cape May county for three years, from 1895 to i8g8. For seventeen years he has served on the township com- mittee and has been its chairman for fourteen years. For a similar period he was a school director, and by his faithfulness in all these offices he has promoted the welfare of the community with which he is connected. On the 19th of March, 1873, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Tomlin and Miss Sallie C. Sullivan, a daughter of Job Sullivan. To them has been born a daughter, Judith, who is at home. The household is noted for its hospitality and Mr. and Mrs. Tomlin and their daughter have many warm friends in this community. Our subject is connected with various benevo- lent and fraternal organizations, belonging to Arbutus Lodge. Xo. 70, A. F. & A. '\l.: to Hereford Lodge, No. 108, L O. O. F., and to the Junior Order of L'nited American ^Mechanics, being connected with Goshen Lodge, No. 91. He also maintains pleasant relations with his old army comrades who "wore the blue" in the civil war through his membership in John ISIecray Post, No. 40. G. A. R. Patriotism has ever characterized his relation to his countr\-, and his service in the navy was no more faithful and loyal than was his performance of the duties of civil office. He is now de\-oting his 82 BIOGR.-iPHJCAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST energies to his farm, and is accounted one of the most successful agricul- turists and substantial citizens of the community. ALFRED COOPER. -Alfred Cooper, of Cape May Court House, is a son of George B. and Annie Elizabeth (Henderson) Cooper, and was born in Kinderhook, Col- umbia county. New A'ork, September 6, 1859. On the paternal side he is a representative of an old American-Quaker family, while on the maternal side he is of English lineage. At a very early day the Coopers resided in Burlington county. New Jersey. The grandfather, Joseph Cooper, became a dry goods merchant of Philadelphia, carrying on business on Market street. He made his home in that city till his death, but conducted business enterprises elsewhere, and was the owner of very extensive landed interests in this state. He often exchanged goods for land, and through his well directed efforts and enterprise became a wealthy man. His political support was given to the Whig party, and in religious belief he was an Episcopalian, belonging to Christ church, in which he held a number of ofificial positions. He married Ann Veree, and they became the parents of eight children: Wil- liam, Joseph, deceased, Mary, Colin Campbell, George B., Alfred, Thomas Franklin and Joseph, the second of the name. James Henderson, the maternal grandfather of our subject, was born in 1800, in Warwick, England. His father was a British otificer in the English navy. James Henderson came to the United States, with his wife and two children, Francis and Sarah, in 1822 and located in Cohoes, New York. Subsequently he removed to Valatie, New York, but spent his last days in Millville, New Jersey. He was the superintendent of the Valatie Mills and subsequently operated a woolen mill in Valatie, with his son Francis, but his last days were spent in retirement from labor. He married a Miss Johnston and they had a son, Francis, who married Christina Schemerhorn, and after her death wedded Mary Prussian. He was a woolen manufacturer and con- ducted an extensive business. Sarah Henderson, the second child, became the wife of Dr. Preston Van Vleck, of Columbia county. New York, who served as a surgeon in the civil war and died at Fortress Monroe. Margaret is also deceased. Ann Elizalieth became the mother of our subject. Thalia has also passed away. Mary is the deceased wife of John HofYman, a manu- facturer of Poughkeepsie, New York; and Delia is deceased. The father of these children died in 1888, and the mother's death occurred in iSfio. when she had reached the age of sixty years. ^^-^.S^i/^ a. ^1*-^ COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEIV JERSEY. 83 George B. Cooper acquired liis ediicatinn in the Friends' scliools of Pliiladelphia and put aside liis textdiooks in order to enter liis father's store, where lie was employed as a clerk until 1850. when his health failed him and he went to Port Elizaheth, Xew Jersey. There, in connection with Charles Townsend, he [nirchased the Getinger Glass Works, which they operated for several years under the firm name of Cooper & Townsend. Subsecjuently Mr. Cooper engaged in dealing in lumber and builders' mater- ials, at Millville, handling Jersey timber. That ])roved a profitable industry and he conducted it until his death. His political support was first given to the Whig party and afterward to the Republican party. He was a warm admirer of Henry Clay and was a leading factor in the political circles of his state. After a hotly contested election he was chosen clerk of the New Jersey Assembly, serving in the years 1864-5. B}- ap])ointment of Judge John T. Nixon he held the office of United States commissioner for several vears. Of Christ Ejjiscopal church he was a faithful and valued member, was active in building the church in Milhille and served as a mem- ber of its \estry. He died in 1873 '^"'^' '" '^'^ death the community lost one of its most prominent, esteemed and valued citizens. His widow, who was born January 9, 1837, died January 19, 1900. Alfred Cooper attended the public schools in his earlv vouth, later was a student in a private school at Valatie. New York, and in Pierce's Business College. He entered upon his business career in a printing-ofiice in Mill- ville, and when he had thoroughly mastered the trade in all its departments he opened a job printing-office on his own account in the same city. In 1879 he established the Cape May County Gazette, at Cape May Court House, the first issue of the paper making its appearance on the 6th of March, 1880. It is a weekly journal published each Friday, a four-page, eight-column sheet, tAventy-si.x by forty inches. It is Reiniblican in its political proclivi- ties and is devoted to the arh-ancement of the party and the progress and up- building of the county. It is an excellent advertising medium, receives liberal patronage in that line and has a circulation of one thousand two hun- dred and twenty. Mr. Cooper has built a job printing-office in this place and has also erected a comfortable residence. He has made extensive invest- ments in real estate, his landed possessions aggregating several thousand acres in Cumberland, Cape May and Atlantic counties. New Jersey, and in the Catskill mountains of New York. On the 15th of September, 1891, Mr. Cooper was united in marriage to Fabelle. a daughter of Charles P. Smith, and they have one child, Annie Elizabeth. Mr. Cooper is connected with a number of civic societies, hold- ing membership in Arbutus Lodge, No. 170, F. & A. M.. of which he has 84 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE I-IRST served as master; Richmond Chapter, Xo. 22. R. A. M.; Olivet Commandery. No. 10, Knights Templar; in Friendship Lodge, Xo. 45, Ancient Order of United Workmen; and in Hereford Lodge, Xo. 108, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He was instrumental in organizing the last named and is one of its leading members. He is also vice-president of the Mechanics and Laborers' Building & Loan Association. He is taking an active interest in local political affairs, but has never been an ofifice-seeker, although for sev- eral years he served as a member of the county board of elections and formu- lated the list of questions for the examination of candidates for the board. He is distinctively American in thought and feeling and his efforts in behalf of the public interests of his county have been practical and followed by very desirable results. In his business interests be has earned for himself an enviable reputation and is known for his prompt and honorable methods of dealing which have gained him the deserved confidence of his fellow men. He is pleasant and agreeable in manner, affable with those whom be meets and has the happy faculty of inspiring strong friendships. HARRY LAMBERT. For more than a quarter of a century this resident of Salem has Ijeen one of the most popular and substantial citizens. He is a son of John and Rachel (Tyler) Lambert, and was bom June 30, 1857, on a farm two and a half miles distant from his present residence, in what is now known as Ouinton township. His great-grandfather, Benjamin Lambert, left Eng- land with a party of friends, among whom were Oakfords, Coopers and Charles, early in the eighteenth century, and settled in Salem county, which has since been the home of the Lambert family. He married a Miss Holmes, of Greenwich, and located in Ouinton township, where he reared four sons, — Isaac, William, Joseph and John H. The latter was born in 1799, and was the only son by a second marriage, and a half brother to Isaac and Joseph. Reaching young manhood he engaged in teaching school for a few terms, and after his marriage to Miss Elizabeth Butcher, and aunt of Senator James Butcher, of Salem, he removed to the village of Alloway, where he built a commodious residence in 1836. This building was thought to be a home of splendor for those days and continued to be the largest but two in the village for more than thirteen years. In 1849 ^^e moved to Quinton township, where he owned a farm, now in the possession of the widow of his grandson, Mrs. John Lambert. At his death he owned two farms COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF XEIV JERSEY. 85 there, one of one hundred acres and one of seventy acres. Tliese farms consisted of good land and were kept in the most perfect state of cultiva- tion. When he took up his residence in Alloway, he entered the store of Isaac Reed as a clerk and soon worked his way up to the position of junior partner of the firm. This was during the most prosperous days of the \illage, and the general countn,- store kept by Reed & Lambert did a flour- ishing business until he disposed of his interests to a Mr. Stretch. Mr. Lambert was a large, jjortly man with pleasing personality and genial manners. He was fond of young people, dearly loved a good joke and often perpetrated them on his unsuspecting companions. He was a prominent citizen of Alloway and a favorite in social and business circles, where he was loved by his friends and respected by all. For years he was a leader of the U. A. C. Democracy. He was very decided in his views and gave free expression to his convictions, yet when convinced that he was in the wrong admitted the fact readily. He stood for election to ofifice against Joseph Lockwood in 1847 and defeated him. He also filled about every office in the township, besides being a member of the board of freeholders and associate judge. He was a member of the legislature in 1844. then called the constitutional caucus convention, and also represented his dis- trict as senator. In 1837 he suffered a defeat for councilman by thirteen votes, and was again defeated in 1838, but in 1839 was elected to the office. His death occurred suddenly from apoplexy near Ouinton. in 1868. as he was driving along the road; and his demise was considered a calamity. His wife reached the age of seventy-four years and had five children: John, the father of our subject; Elizabeth, who married James J. Tyler, a resident of Quinton township; Charles, who married Mary Heritage and was a farmer and merchant in Salem until his death; Harriet, deceased, who mar- ried M. Smith Davidson, a farmer of Ouinton township; and Anna B.. who married Dr. George Paullin. a practicing physician at Shiloh, Cumberland county, this state. John Lambert, the father of our subject, was born in or near Ouinton township, November 16, 1832, and received his education in the schools of Alloway, Salem and Pennington. He afterward taught school in Ouinton and Sharptown until his marriage, when he engaged in general merchandis- ing business on Broadway for one year. He then purchased a farm of one hundred acres in Ouinton township, where he resided six years, when he moved to Ouinton and assisted in starting the Quinton Glass Works, oper- ated by Hires, Lambert & Company. For six years he continued in this business and then embarked in the coal, grain and hay business at Salem for several vears. Then with his son he 1)uilt a canning factory at Salem, 86 BiOCRArillCAL HISTORY O/' TUB TIRST whicli was conducted for five years. cmi)loyin^. One of tlie most straightforward, fncrgetic and successful business men of Gloucester county is George \\'. Carr. wlio resides at Pitman Grove. He. entered u])on his 1)usiness career witliout capital. sa\e strong hands and a determination to succeed. His prosperit}-. therefore, came not as the result of a combination of lucky circumstances, but has risen from energy, enter- ]irise. integrity and intellectual efforts well directed. His 1)usiness has ever been conducted on the strictest principles of honesty and to-day he is num- l)ered among the substantial citizens of his native count}'. Mr. Carr was born in Richwood, Harrison township. Gloucester county. April 6. 1856. and is a son of Joseph D. Carr. whose father was Robert Carr. Joseph D. Carr also was liorn in Richwood, was a carpenter by trade and fol- lowed farming to some extent. He took a very prominent part in the ^letho- dist church, in which he held membership, serving as its steward and trustee. He married Miss Jane .\. Rulon. a daughter of John Rulon. of French line- age. This w'orthy couple are still living, the father at the age of seventy-two. the mother at the age of si.xty-nine. They have three children: George ^^'.. of this sketch; Dr. H. R., a physician of Mullica Hill: and Florence, the wife of Charles Dilks. of Barnsboro, Gloucester county. George W. Carr pursued his education in the common schools, was reared on the farm and in his youth learned the carpenter's trade. After thoroughly mastering the business he began contracting on his own account, following that pursuit until 1888. when he came to Pitman Grove, where he purchased one hundred and ninety-two acres of land. This included a jaond and mill. and since that time he has engaged in the manufacture of lumber, operating a saw and planing mill and manufacturing sash, doors and blinds. He has one lumber-yard at the park and one at Pitman Gro\e. He has found this a profitable source of income. In February, 1900. Mr. Carr erected a steam sawmill in Ocean county for the purpose of manufacturing cedar lumber exc!usi\-ely. In connection with this he employs from ten to fifteen men. He has also met success in the conduct of .\lcvon ]iark. a most beautiful summer resort which he began to impro\-e in 1892. He added to his first purchase of land a tract of thirtv-two acres and has made the park a most charming place in which to sjiend the hot sunnner days. Excellent bicycle roads have been laid out. including the best cycle race track in the state. Boating and base ball may be enjoyed and a toboggan slide and merry-go- round are numbered among the amusements of the park. The grounds are kept in excellent condition and the place is well patronized. ^ ^ ■^^■rL iA<^ COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEJV JERSEY. 95 On the 22d of December, 1881, ]\Ir. Carr was united in marriage to Miss Mary Emma Pine, a daughter of Andrew Pine, a farmer of Blackwood, Camden county. He l^elongs to the Independent Order of Red Men and contributes to the support of tlie church and to all movements and measures which are calculated to pro\'e of public benefit. He belongs to that type of representative American citizens who promote the general welfare while at the same time advancing individual prosperity, and his name well deserves a place on the pages of the history of his native county. RICHMAN COLES. The Coles family, of whom Richman Coles, of W'oodstown, is a sterling representative, is one of the oldest in Gloucester and Salem counties, and, moreover, it can be traced to a remote period in the history of England. In order to escape religious persecution, one of the family, who was a mem- ber of the Society of Friends, emigrated to New Jersey where he purchased a large tract of land, situated in Eversham township, Burlington county. His eldest son, Samuel Coles, married and had two or three daughters. Martha, became the wife of David Davis, a son of Judge David Davis, of Piles Grove township, Salem county, and they had three children,- — Jacob, Joseph and Marj'. Another daughter of Samuel Coles, Mary by name, became the wife of a Mr. Newbold. In the last will and testament of Samuel Coles, made in 1772, a large amount of real and personal property was bequeathed by him to certain of his relatives. After making a liberal provision for his widow, Mary Coles, he devised the major portion of his estate to his grandchildren, — Jacob, Joseph and Mrs. Martha Davis; to the children of Mary Newbold; fifty pounds to Mary Coles, the eldest daughter of his nephew, Thomas Coles; and, closing with a few other legacies, he directed his executors, his son-in-law, David Davis, and his friend, Abraham Allen, to pay fifty pounds to the Haddonfield Preparative Meeting of Friends. About 1750 this nephew, Thomas Coles, left his old home in Eversham, New Jersey, and took up his residence in what was known as Coles Mills. He came into possession of the valuable mill property there, including about two thousand acres of land, and it was not until 1808 that he removed to a place now called Harrisonville, where he purchased a mill situated on OUl- nian's creek. He had a considerable number of children, and was influential and highly respected by all who knew him. He was always engaged in the lumber business, and died in 1826, at the age of about seventv vears. Sev- eral of the descendants of the gentleman mentioned above are much es- 96 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST teemed citizens of W'oodstown, and a brief review is herewith given of their Hves. Richnian Coles, whose name heads this sketch, was born in Piles Grove township, Salem county, in February, 1831. He was a son of William and Rebecca (Morgan) Coles, of Coles Mills. The former, who was born in 1786, located in Piles Grove township about 1820, and continued to make his home there until his death, in 1862. Richman Coles was reared to agricultural pursuits and continued to carry on the old homestead until his marriage. Then for twenty years longer he was engaged in farming operations in his native township, but in 1882 he removed to Woodstown. Here he has held the very responsible position of superintendent and treasurer of the Piles Grove Dairy Associa- tion. He has been influential in politics, also ha\-ing served his district as a memlier of the legislature. In 1862 he was united in marriage with Lydia Horner, daughter of Mark and Catherine Horner, of Gloucester county, and two children bless their union, namely: Ellen M. and Sue H. William Coles, brother of Richman Coles, was born May 20, 1825, and from his early days until two years ago he was actively associated with farm life and rural occupations. He served as a committeeman of his township and in various local positions ami is uni\-ersally esteemed for his sterling qualities. He married Lydia Duell. March 8, 1855, prior to his twentieth anniversary, and to them were born the children named below: Ida, wife of William G. Leap; Cooper, who wedded Ida, daughter of Jacob Kirby, of Gloucester county; Ella, wife of Alfred M. Smith; Emma, wife of Walter Sylvester; and Clarkson T., whose wife, Mabel, now deceased, was a daughter of William Kirby. Chalkley Coles, son of Bartholomew and Anna Coles, is a grandson of Thomas Coles, the Englishman, farmer, land-owner and lumber merchant. Bartholomew, who was born July 7. 1785, at Coles' Mills, New Jersey, lived to be six months over one hundred years old. He superintended his father's mills in his early manhood and later devoted his attention to farm- ing. On the 1 2th of January, i8og, he married Anna Whisler, and to them the following named children were born: William, deceased; Bartholomew; Chalkley; Joseph; Stacy, deceased; Thomas, deceased; Uz; Ira; and Harris. The latter married Mary Hurff and their children are Elizabeth, x\nna, Martha, Clawson and George. Uz married first Hannah Balanger, by whom three children were born, Jane B., Anna and Isaac B.; and by his second wife, Mary Holdcraft, four daughters were born, namely: Mary, Sarah, Araminta and Ella. W^illiam wedded Louise Whitaker and had two chil- dren, — Xancv and William W. Bartholomew married Rebecca Horner and their children were Thomas. Anna, Charles E., Eleanora, George H., Eve- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 97 line, Martha Ann and Stacy. Joseph first married Sarah E. ]\Ioore. by whom he had three children: Emma, Lillie and Hannah, and secondly he chose Postrema Groff for his wife. Stacy married Lydia Duell, and their son was named John D. Ira, who married Ann Adcock, has no children. Chalkley Coles, who was born in 1823, was reared to farming, and did not leave the homestead nntil he was twenty-six years of age. He then bought a farm in Gloucester county and for thirty-eight years dwelt thereon, finally removing to Woodstown, where he has since l;)een retired from active cares. He was married in his earlv manhood to Martha Ann Coles and subsequently he wedded Elizabeth Horner. She is a daughter of James Horner, a native of Gloucester county and a well-to-do farmer, whose last years were spent in Woodstown, his death occurring in 1892, when he was in his seventy-third year. The only son of Chalkley Coles, Clarence, has been called to the silent land, and the only daughter, Margaret, is the wife of Charles E. Allen and mother of Elizabeth Coles, Joseph ]\I. and Margaret Allen. WILLIAM Z. FLITCRAFT. One of the ablest financiers and leading business men of Salem county is the gentleman of whom the following is a brief life history, for a third of a century prominently associated with the First National Bank of Woods- town. His early American ancestors were numbered among the substantial, industrious and public-spirited citizens of New Jersey, and were truly worthy of being accounted founders of the state. Tlie father of the subject of this article, .\llen Flitcraft, now of Chester county, Pennsylvania, is a native of Salem county. New Jersey. For many years he was the principal and head of the Eldridge Hill boarding school, standing among the ablest educators of his dav. He had been a student at Groynedd boarding school at the time that Joseph Fonlk was the prin- cipal, and won high honors, not only as a French and Latin scholar but also as a mathematician. For the past three decades or more he has been con- nected with the Provident Trust Company, of Philadelphia. Like his an- cestors, a memljer of the Society of Friends, he takes a leading part in the general councils of that organization, and has long been the head of the Philadelphia yearly meeting. Formerly he regularly prepared the astronom- ical calculations for the Friends' almanac. The mother of our subject bore the maiden name of Phoelje Ann Zorn. Her grandfather, Conrad Zorn, a native of Germany, came to the United States during the seventeenth centur}-, and it is l)elie\-ed that he was a rela- n— G 98 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY Of THE FIRST tive of the distinguished Peter Zom. one of the most learned philolo^jists and theolog^ians of his day. Mrs. Flitcraft's father, Wilham Zorn, possessed strong, admirable characteristics. He was a stanch temperance man. and was the first farmer in his section of the Keystone state to harvest his grain without permitting liquor to be used by the hands employed. He was a well beloved member of the Society of Friends in Plymouth, Pennsylvania. Of an exceptionally rugged constitution, he was in the habit of walking tive or six miles daily, even when he had attained the age of ninety-three years. Death came to him as the result of the carelessness of a drunken driver, who drove his team upon the old gentleman as he was crossing Broad street in the Quaker city. Allen Flitcraft and wife became the parents of four sons and a daughter, namely: William Z., the subject of this sketch; Isaiah, the cashier of the Provident Life & Trust Company of Philadelphia, at their branch in Chicago, Illinois, who died in 1897; Allen J., of Chicago; S. Ship- ley, of Woodstown; and Alvanetta, the wife of T. F. Sheppard, of Philadel- phia. Allen J. Flitcraft is the editor of the leading literature and standard 'works on the subject of life insurance, used by all of the companies engaged in this field of endeavor. The birth of William Z. Flitcraft took place near Woodstown in 1846. He was educated in the public schools and at Eldridge Hill boarding school, and, being an exceptionally bright student, he obtained a certificate and com- menced teaching at the early age of fifteen years. He then was employed in the counting-house of S. A. Stern, of Philadelphia. When only twenty years old he became a clerk in the First National Bank of Woodstown, and in 1 87 1, after having fully proved his reliability and fidelity, he was promoted to the cashiership, which ofifice he still efificiently holds. He has reason to 1)6 proud of his record and his long connection with this solid banking in- stitution, and no one in the county is held in higher esteem by e\ery one. In October, 1876, Mr. Flitcraft and Anna Pancoast were united in mar- riage. Their only child, Edith, has been given superior educational ad\an- tages and was a member of the class of '99, of Swarthmore College, stand- ing third in scholarship in a class of twenty-nine members, and having the degree of Bachelor of Arts conferred upon her. She is now taking a post- graduate course of study at the University of Cambridge, England. Mrs. Flitcraft is a daughter of James and Charlotte (Hillman) Pancoast and a sister of J. Walter; Sarah H.; Omar, a Baltimore physician; and Hannah L., the wife of Lieutenant Commander S. P. Comly, prominent in the battle of Santiago, in the late Spanish-American war. James Pancoast was a native of Salem county, where he became one of the extensive land-holders in later years. He died in 1877, in his eighty-third year. Samuel Hillman, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEIJ' JERSEY. gg tlie maternal grandfatlier of ^^Irs. P^'litcraft, \\a^ a leading citizen of Salem, Salem county, in his day, and it is said of him as of William Z. Flitcraft, maternal grandfather, that he was the first farmer in his county to have his harvesting all done without the use of liquor among his employees. JOSEPH C. WALLACE. Joseph C. Wallace, deceased, was for many \ears a representati\'e citizen and leading farmer of \\'oohvich townshi]). ( iloucester county. He was born in Thoroughfare, New Jersey, in 183 1, and died in 1883. on a farm now occupied by his son, Isaac. Throughout his life he was identified with agri- cultural pursuits and his childhood and youth were passed in a manner usual to farmer boys of that period. He followed the plow, aided in caring for the crops through the summer months and in the autumn assisted in the harvest fields. After attaining his majority he began farming on his own account, but when the civil war was inaugurated he put aside all personal considerations and in response to his country's call went to the defense of the Union, enlisting on the loth of September, 1861. as a private of Com- pany D, Eighth Regiment of Pennsylvania Cavalry. He was afterward pro- moted to the rank of sergeant, and on the 28th of November, 1863, was injured by being thrown from a horse, near Mine Run, Virginia. This caused his discharge, but on the 30th of December, 1863, he re-enlisted and was transferred to Company D, One Hundred and Sixty-first Pennsylvania Infantry, July 24, 1865. On the i ith of .Vugust of the same year he received an honorable discharge at Richmond, for the war was over, the Union pre- served intact, and the country no longer needed his sen-ices. Returning to his home, Mr. ^^'allace resumed farming and to that work devoted his energies throughout the remainder of his life. He placed his land under a high state of cultivation and his energies lirought to him a com- fortable competence. He was married on the 31st of Deceml)er, 1857, to Miss Beulah W. Black, who resided where her son Isaac now makes his home. She is a daughter of George \'. and Elizabeth fOre) Black and is a granddaughter of Samuel Black, and l)y her marriage she became the mother of seven children: Marietta H.. who became the wife of Samuel Longacfe and died leaving a son, S. Wallace: he was a commission merchant at Swc les- boro; John D., a farmer and ice dealer of Swedesboro, who married Mary A. Kesting, and has two children, — Howard K. and Ralph C. : Georgiana S., the deceased wife of Harry B. Shoch: Isaac B., who married Elorence L. Hurff ; Rachel L.. who is the wife of Josei)li J. Given, is the principal school- KXi BIOGR.irHICAL HISTORY Of TtlE FIRST tcaclicr at Peiinsvillc. and lias one cliild. |. Kaynioinl; and Lizzie C. and Joseph B., who reside with their mother. The family is of prominence in the oomninnity. its representatives oocn- pving leading positions in business and social circles. Mr. Wallace was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and his widow belongs to the society known as the Patrons of Husbandry. He was also a valued representative of the Grand Army of the Republic and was as true to his duties of citizenship as when he followed the starry banner upon the battle- fields of the south. In business he was honorable and trustworthy and at all times commanded the respect of his fellow men. so that at his death he left to his family an untarnished name. JOSEPH G. FRENCH. For thirty years the subject of this article has been the owner and mana- ger of French's Hotel, at Penn Gro\c. one of the favorite resorts in this section of New Jersey. The picnic grounds in connection with the hotel have been in demand for about sixty years, on account of their great natural attractions, and of late have been beautified by the addition of many im- portant features, suggested by the enterprising owner, who has not sjiared expense in his endeavors to please his patrons. In tracing the history of Mr. French it is found that he was born Sep- tember 6, 1835. near Harrisonville, Gloucester county. When he was young he worked on a farm, and in 185 1 he commenced learning the trade of brick- layer. After having served an apprenticeship of about five years, in this county, he became associated with Richard Ballanger and Richard Miller, under the firm name of Ballanger, Miller & French. At the end of one year Mr. French retired from the firm and entered into partnership with Smith B. Sickler, and together they carried on an extensive bricklaying and con- tracting busiiiess for a number of years. IDuring this period the firm was awarded contracts for the first bank building erecteil in Woodstown. the Presbyterian church at Daretown, this county, and the Gloucester county almshouse, besides numerous private residences and business blocks. In 1869 this prosperous partnership was dissolved, and IMr. French came to Penn Grove, where he has since remained. The first licensed hotel in this town was one now used as a private dwelling. It was used for seven years prior to the time that French's Hotel was erected in 1838, and that year it was purchased by Charles Elkinton, who closed the smaller one, and from that day to this the large building has f '-i-"-*^- COXGRESSJOX.il district OT XEir JERSEY. loi afforded pleasant accommodations to the pul>lic. Soon after it was com- pleted, picnic gronnds were laid out around it, antl man}- a Iia]jpy da\" lias been passed here by people from far and near throughout this region. In the spring of 1866 the hotel passed into the possession of Jol) Robinson, of Wilmington, Delaware, and was managed by him for three years. In 1869 Air. French became the owner of the hostelry, which has since then been known by his name. He has made substantial improvements at different times, putting in a sea wall along the frontage on the Delaware river, erect- ing a handsome amusement hall, arranging comfortable seats under the fine old trees, here and there, and seeing that every convenience and comfort possible for his guests is ]M-o\ided. In the hotel the visitor at once feels the homelike atmosphere of the place, everything being neat, clean and attract- ive, the meals substantial, well served and well cooked. The genial and popular host is ever alert to carry out suggestions of his guests, and seems to take genuine pleasure and pride in making them comfortal)le and thor- oughly satisfied with everything. In all of his endeavors, Mr. French, finds a willing assistant in the person of his estimable wife, formerly Miss Emma G. Trenn. Their marriage was celebrated in 1859, and their only child, Mary Elizabeth, is the wife of .\rthur H. Chandler, of Hornersville, New York, and the mother of two sons: Joseph French and William Paul. Mrs. French is a daughter of the late John M. Trenn, of May's Landing, New Jersey. She is a member of St. George's Episco].)al church, of this place, and is an earnest worker for the poor and needy and in all worthy benevolences. Air. French is a member of the Heptasophs, and has a well earned place in the friendship of the people. \VILLL\M A[. CARTER. ^^'illiam Alickle Carter, the city engineer of \\'oodl)ury. Gloucester county, has been so prominently connected with the public interests of this section of the state that he well deserves mention among the representative men who ha\'e assisted so materially in promoting its progress and pros- perity. He was born in Mickleton, East Greenwich towmship, Gloucester county, July 13, 1856, and is a son of Job and Rachel (Owen) Carter. Jona- than Carter, the great-grandfather of our subject, was born January 5, 1756, and was married April 11, 1780, to Rachel Kithcart. by whom he had four children: William, Isaiah, Sarah and Jonathan. The grandfather. William Carter, was born April 29, 1782. and on the 22d of October, 1807. married Elizabeth Dawson. By her he had nine children: Restore, John, Isaiah, I02 BIOCRAPIIICAL HISTORY Of THE FIRST Jol). George. Sar;ili. Aaron, Elizabeth and Kaclicl. After the death of the mother. W'ilhani Carter married l\os;uina Menchnckson. on the 22(\ of Janu- ary, 184-'. Job Carter, the father of our subject, was born in Greenwich township. this county, February 13. 1813. and spent his entire Hfe there, becoming a prosperous farmer as tlie result of his untiring industry and perseverance. He purchased the Tonkin farm in East Greenwich township and it became the homestead of the family. This is an old, historical place, which was at one time owned and occupied by Boda Otto. Mr. Carter died February ij. 1893, and was survived by his second wife, who was Miss Rachel Owen in her maiden- hood and is now in her se\enty-fourth year. His first union was with Miss Mary C. Turner, January 4, 1843, and unto them were born the following: Joseph T.. born Septemljer 18, 1844; and Abbie, who was born Au- gust 5, 1847. The wife died August i, 1849, ''"d on January i, 1852. Job Carter was married to Rachel Owen. She was born June 12, 1826, and her father, Joseph Owen, was the blacksmith who welded the first iron plowshare made in Xew Jersey. Four children were born to them, William M., oiu" subject: INlary L., born April 19, 1858: Sarah, born March 20, 1861: and Lydia, born No\ember 17, 1867. Joseph T. Carter, the oldest son, married Anna Frances Clark, who died December 15, 1870, leaving Samuel Mason. born January 19. 1878; Etta T., born September 20, 187 — : and Mary T.. who died in infancy. He then married Emma Tonkin, on March 24, 1886. Abbie Carter married Burkitt \\'. Warrington and has one child, William C. Mar)- L. married Ellwood Roberts and has five children, — Howard, Charles, deceased, Alice, William, and Mary. Sarah Carter married Richard S. Brown and has three children, Rachel C. born January 8, 1891 : Joseph Clin- ton, born September 18. 1892; and William C. bom March 14, 1897. Lydia Carter died unmarried. William M. Carter was born and grew to manhood on his father's farm, finding little time to attend the district school except during a few short months in the winter. But he made good use of the meager opportunities that came in his way, studying in each interval that could be spared from his duties, and made rapid progress, outstripping his schoolmates and laying the foundation of a scientific education, which has placed him in the im- portant position he now occupies. When he was twenty years old he was placed in entire charge of the farm and conducted it on a paying basis for seven years, when he moved to Woodbury. Having studied civil engineer- ing during his last year at school he ajiplied himself to the study of that science during his evenings and s])are liours and decided to make it his profession. In 1887 he recei\ed the ajjpointment as cit\- engineer of Wood- COA'GRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJV JERSEY. 103 bury, and so faithfully and satisfactorily have the duties of the position been discharged that he is still retained in the office which he has filled with so much honor and credit. He is also engaged in the real-estate and insurance business and settles up many estates, being a reliable and trustworthy man well qualified for that important and responsible work. Mr. Carter was married in Camden, New Jersey, by Mayor Bradshaw, on November 9, 1882, to Miss Lizzie P. Honer. a daughter of William and Emiline Honer, of Mullica Hill, this county. Their children are Everett H., born October 21, 1886, and died in July of the next year; Job Owen, born February 4, 1890; George H., born December 21, 1893, and died in infancy; and Ella H., born February 4, 1895. Mr. Carter has been chosen to- a number of local offices and has been untiring in looking after the public interests. In 1891 he was appointed justice of the peace of this county and still holds that office, although he does not solicit legal business. He is now serving his third term as a com- missioner of deeds, and has been a member of the board of health since its organization in 1888 and has served that body as secretary for five years. For eight years he was on the board of commissioners of appeals and de- clined renomination to that office. Fraternally he is a member of the Hep- tasophs and Knights of the Golden Eagle. He stands for the^best type of American citizenship, — those who have carved their own way in the world and occupy places of responsibility and trust among their fellow- men. TH O:\IAS W. SYNNOTT. Thomas W. Synnott was born at Glassboro, New Jersey, in 1845, and resides at Wenonah. this state. He is a descendant of an old, representative family of Wexford, Ireland. One of his ancestors was the governor of that citv and province during Oliver Cromwell's time. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Martin Synnott, after graduating at Wexford College, came to America, in 1790, and locating in Philadelphia, he engaged in the shipping business and amassed a fortune, but lost largely during the war of 18 12- 14 by the capture of vessels in which he was interested. His son Miles, the father of T. W. Synnott, was born at May's Landing, New Jersey, graduated at Jefferson Medical College in 1831 and began the practice of his profession at Glassboro, which he continued until his death in 1867. His wife Harriet was a daughter of Eben W'hitney and a granddaugh- ter of Colonel Thomas Fleston, of Revolutionary fame. Thomas W. Synnott received his education in the public schools of 104 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Glassboro and the West Jersey Academy at Bridgeton. At the age of twenty he entered the office of the Whitney Glass Works at Glassboro, and, after mastering the details of that inijiortant industry, gave his time and energies to the business until he retired from its active management in 1892. The Whitney Glass Works were incorporated in 1887, with Thomas W. Synnott as its first president, and the capacity of the works more than doubled; and it is to his business ability that much of the success which the company en- joys is to be attributed. Mr. Synnott is a ruling elder in the Presbyterian church, a member of the Presbyterian Board of Publication, a trustee of Lincoln University and of Princeton Theological Seminary, the president of the Gloucester County Bible Society and of the First National Bank of Glassboro, and largely in- terested in railroads in the west and south. Success has come to him as the direct result of concentration of mind and purpose. In 1872 he married Miss Mary Eldridge, the daughter of S. T. Eldridge, of Philadelphia. Their home in Wenonah is one of the most beautiful modern homes in south Jersey. J. WESLEY SELL. J. Wesley Sell, who is now the sheriff of Camden county, was born in the sixth ward of Camden, on the 17th of March, 1864. His father. Charles Sell, was a native of Germany, and in 1835 crossed the Atlantic to the New World, believing that he could more rapidly acquire a competence in this country than in the Fatherland. In early life he studied for the ministry, but abandoning that calling he became a machinist and for many years was foreman of the Esterbrook Steel Pen ^^'orks in Camden. Always deeply interested in the subject of astronomy, he carried his investi- gations far and wide in that science, and his knowledge was extensive and profound. He married Rosalie Boethell, also a native of Ciermany. and in February. 1898. they were separated by death, the wife and mother being called to her final rest. She had six children, all of whom are yet living. In the common schools John \\\ Sell acquired a practical English educa- tion and at the age of fifteen years he put aside his text-books in order to earn his own living. He began learning the jeweler's trade, at which he worked for four years, and in 1885 he entered the railway mail service, which he continued for two and one-half years, when he resigned and embarked in the real estate business on his own account. In 1892 he was appointed deputy sheriff, by Sheriff' West, and continued in that office until elected, in 1899, to the prime office of sheriff', and he assumed its duties November 14. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 105 He was elected 1n- a majority of ten thousand over T. J. McDanell. He is a most capable and efficient officer, for his courage is unequaled and his fidelity to duty is one of his marked characteristics. He has also ser%'ed in the city council for one year, and has been a member of the lioard of educa- tion for four years. Mr. Sell is a m.ember of the Junior Order of American Mechanics, of the Independent Order of Red Men and of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is also a director of the Camden Republican Club. His social qualities, genial manner and genuine worth render him popular, and he has a large circle of friends and acquaintances. The enterprise and ambition which are essential elements in advancement in life are numbered among his characteristics and therefore we feel safe in predicting that he will con- tinually work his way upward. DAN WARE. One of the venerable and highly honored citizens of W'oodstown. Salem county, Dan Ware is a worthy representative of an old New Jersey family. His father, ]\Iaskell \\'are, born December 13, 1766, was the eldest son of Elnathan and Mercy (Ware) Ware. In his early manhood Maskell Ware learned the trade of chair-making, at Salem, New- Jersey, his instructor being John Laming, a Quaker. Seven of the sons of Maskell Ware learned their father's trade and followed it for a livelihood. Dan Ware w-as born near Roadstown, Cumberland county. New Jersey, in April, 1814, and. like his father and brothers, he mastered the business of making chairs and continued to work at this calling, in connection with house-painting, until 1897, ^vhen he retired. He possesses a keen, inventive mind and always has been regarded as a model of industry. In his early manhood he was employed by his brother, Maskell W'are, for some time, but at the age of twenty-three he embarked in independent business. In 1843, he removed to Woodstown, where he has dwelt ever since, — nearly three-score years. He enjoys the respect of his fellow citizens, and now, in his eighty- sixth year, he may look back over his long life and feel that he has performed his entire duty toward his family and neighbors, striving ever to aid those less fortunately situated than himself. Nearly fifty-five years ago, on the i8th of December, 1845, ^ marriage ceremony was performed by which the destinies of Mr. Ware and Miss Cor- nelia Stites were united. Their eldest child, Pauline Stites, born September 25, 1846, died January 12, 1869. Augustine was born ]\Iarch 22, 1848. and io6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Townsend S.. July 22. 1849. Medora, born January 28, 1851, died March 29, 1889. Harold M. was born April 23, 1853, and Lucien B., January 31. 1855. Wendel P., born September 5. 1859. died December i, 1862. Julian Dan, born March 27, 1861, died September 11, 1861. Isabella G., born Oc- tober 26, 1862, and Cornelia Stites. born December 24, 1864, complete the family. HENRY H. CARR, M. D. Dr. Carr is engaged in the practice of medicine at ^iullica Hill and is enjoying a liberal patronage which indicates his ability in the line of his chosen profession. He was Ijorn in Richwood, New Jersey, March 7, 1864, and is the son of Joseph D. Carr, also a native of the same place. The grandfather, Robert Carr, was born in Camden county. New Jersey, and was of English lineage. Representatives of the name came from England to America with a colony that settled in North Carolina, and which was under the guidance of Sir Walter Raleigh. The family was one of prominence in the mother country. William Shakespere Carr having the distinguished honor of serving as premier under King George HI. He liad three sons, two of whom went to Scotland, where one changed his name to Kerr and the other wrote his name Car. The brother who remained in England and from whom the family in .\merica is descended, retained the original spelling of the name. The progenitor of the family in the New \\'orld married the sister of Thomas Randolph and thus became connected with one of the most prominent families of the New \\'orld. Joseph D. Carr, the father of our subject, engaged in contracting and building for many years at Richwood, New Jersey, being numbered among the successful business men at that point. He is now living a retired life at the age of seventy-three years, maintaining his residence in Pittman Grove. He has been a life-long member of the Methodist Episcopal church and has taken a very prominent and effective part in its work. He was united in marriage to Jane A. Rulon, a daughter of John Rulon. One of her ancestors in direct line was a native of France and became a Protestant, but belonged to a family of eleven brothers, all of whom were Catholics. It was a time of rehgious persecution in tliat country when the Catholics were killing all of opposite faith and he fled for his life, eftecting his escape by I)eing nailed up in a molasses barrel and put on board a ship bound for New York, .\fter a voyage of twelve weeks he landed in this country, where he soon after married an English lady. They became the parents of thirteen children, from one of whom descends the mother of Dr. Carr. who is still living, at the age COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF XEIV JERSEY. 107 of sixty-four years. Dr. Carr represents the seventh generation that have descended from this couple. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Carr have been born three children: George W., a resident of Pittman Grove; H. H.; and Florence, the wife of Charles Dilkes, of Barnsboro. The Doctor attended the Academy at Richwood and also pursued his education under the instruction of a ])rivate tutor. Determining to make the practice of medicine his life work he entered the Hahnemann Medical College, of Philadelphia, and was graduated on the completion of a thor- ough course, as a member of the class of 1885. He then located in Pittman Gro\-e, where he resided until April 19. 1887, when he came to Mnllica Hill. However, he still maintained his office at Pittman Grove and is enjoying a line practice in both places. He is well informed concerning the science of medicine and by reading and study keeps abreast with the progress which characterizes the profession. He is a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy and the State Homeopathic Society. On the 28th of December, 1887, occurred the marriage of Dr. Carr and !Miss Laura A., a daughter of William Dawson, of Mickleton, New Jersey, They ha\-e a large circle of friends and enjoy the regard of the best citizens of this community. Their own home is noted for its hospitality, for good ch.eer always reigns supreme there. The Doctor is a jovial, genial gentle- man and his sunny temperament adds not a little to his success as a practi- tioner, for a bright presence in a sick room is often as good as a tonic. The place he has won in the medical profession is accorded him in recognition of his skill and ability, and the place which he occupies in the social world is a tribute to that genius, worth and true nobility of character that are uni- versallv recognized and honored. ALEX HAND. Alex Hand, an extensive real-estate owner and manager of the carriage works of Salem, is a son of Francis and Ann W. (Cleaver) Hand, and was born in this place July 28, 1841. The first of the name who came to this country was John Hand, who landed at Lynn, ^Massachusetts, in 1635, and went to Guilford, Connecticut. In 1644 he was a resident of Southampton. He had nine children, — Cornelius, Joseph, Shamgar, Benjamin, Stephen, John. James. Thomas and Mary. In 1699 three of the sons settled in Cape May, — Thomas, Cornelius and Shamgar, — and from these all the Cape May people of the stock have descended. There were two families of the name in Cape May county, who were of English origin and used the family coat of arms. The paternal grantlfather. Israel Hand, was Ijorn in Cape May county I08 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and (lied tluTe in early life. He was related to (ieneral Hand and married a lady who bore the same surname, Mary Hand, hut of a different faniil\-. They reared two children, Alex and Francis, the father of our suliject. After the death of Israel Hand, his widow was married to a Air. (iarson. Francis Hand also was htjrn in Cape May county. February 12. 1817. His education was ol)tained at the schools of the locality in which he lived, and he then learned the trade of wheelwright and carriage-maker. He worked at Cape I\lay, MilKille and Camden, and then engaged in business for himself at Sharptown. this county. After four years there he came to Salem, and. with Daniel Kiger, o])ened the establishment of Hand & Kiger. which was continued on a satisfactory basis until December 9, 1856. when he sold out his interest to Charles Hall. He then embarked in the grocer\- business for a short time, and later, in 1858, he bought out the carriage busi- ness of Smith & Corlis, which he continued alone until April i, 1869. when our subject was taken in partnership and the firm was known as F. Hand & Son. This partnership continued for a quarter of a century, when it was terminated by the death of the father. Francis Hand was one of the most prominent men of the county and took a prominent ]:)art in all ]mblic af- fairs. He was elected to the office of city treasurer, was a member of the council for a period of eight years, and was a freeholder several times. His opponent for cit}^ treasurer was William H. Lawson. of Salem, and they made their canvass together in the most friendly manner. He was a mem- ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was also active in the Washington Beneficent Society. He married Ann W. Cleaver, a daughter of Thomas Cleaver, lay whom he had two children: Alex, our subject; and Elizabeth, the widow of Harry Freas, who is engaged in the dry-goods busi- ness in Salem. Francis Hand died August 2f<. 1894. in his seventy-seventh year, and was widelv mourned. Fie was a n.ian of fine executive abilit\'. popular in both business and social circles. The mother died August 30. 1861. after twenty-one years of married life of more than common felicity. Thomas Cleaver, the maternal grandfather of our subject, was born in Delaware, August i, 1781, and moved to Salem at an early age. He was a son of Isaac Cleaver and a grandson of Peter and Susannah Cleaver. Al- most his entire life was passed in Salem, v.diere he followed his trade, that of carpenter. He married Rachel Lambert. September 20, 1804. She was the youngest child of John Lambert, and at the age of sixteen years came with her father from his native country. Essex. England, and settled in Salem at Penn's Xeck. Carne\''s Point, on the Delaware ri\-er. John Lam- bert introduced the cultivation of red clover in this country, and it was through hisrecommendalion and aihice that it became so widely distribiUed. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 109 He \'isited the continental congress, lield at Philadelphia, spoke enthusiastic- ally on the merits of red clover as a food for stock and furnished a sample of the seed to a gentleman who, in return, sent him a bushel of white wheat. Rachel Lambert was a devout member of the Baptist church, and one of the oldest members during her life. She was born December 13, 1785, and died November 3. 1855. and was laid to sleep in the old graveyard of the church she loved so well, in Salem. Four years later, on March 22, her husband, Thomas Cleaver, then in his seventy-eighth year, was also called to his re- ward and was laid beside her. Their children were Mary, born October 2, 1806, and died September 2, 1897; Sarah Milburn, born September 4, 1808. and married James Smith; Hannah Garrison, born December 2y, 1810, and died September 25, 1865, the wife of Joseph Paulding; Mary Watkins, Mrs. Joseph Elwell, born January 23, 1817, and died in March, 1844; William Lambert, born September 23, 1819, and died in .Milwaukee in 1873 of that dread disease, spinal meningitis. He was married July i, 1840, to Ann ^^^ Sheppard, who died December 18, 1850, and on April 3, 1845, he was united to Hannah O. Harris; Ann ^^'right, the mother of our subject, was born January 16, 1822, and died August 30, 1861 ; Caroline N., Mrs. Charles Ware, was liorn July 2, 1824. He died January 9, 1870, at Delaware City and she afterward married again. Rachel Lambert was born April 23. 1829, and died February 20, 1899. On January 11. 1853. she was united in mar- riage with Charles Hall, and on the following August was called to mourn his death. Her second husband was R. Gregory, to whom she was united September 22, 1864, and who died in 1880. Alex Hand became associated with his father in his large business of wheel and carriage-making when a young man, and having an adaptability for that line he continued at it, and in 1869 was taken in as a partner in the concern. After his father's death in 1894. our subject continuefl the busi- ness and enjoys an extensive iiatronage, which is well merited. He has a shop witli eighty-four feet frontage and a depth of forty-eight feet, and does considerable repairing as well as buying and selling of vehicles. He fre- quently has fifteen men in his employ in this shop, but his interest is by no means confined to his manufactory, as he is largely interested in real estate and has about se\'enteen houses, which he rents. These houses it is his pleasure to keep in first-class condition, as he believes in looking to the com- fort of his tenants, and unlike many houses of that class, they are an ornament to their neighborhood. He has occupied one place of business longer than any other man in Salem. He was married February 18, 1869, to Miss Sarah D. Curry, a daughter of John Curry, a poultry dealer of Elmer, this county. They reside in a no BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST |)leasant lionie at the corner of \\'anl and (Iriftitli streets, amid innumerahle friends. Four children were born to them: Francis, wlio (Hed at the age o! five years; Anna F.. Mary C. and A. Norman. Mr. Hand is a prominent Odd Fellow, as was his father, and is also a member of the Encampment. He is a member of the Amity Social CIuId and has served as its secretary and treasurer for three years. He is also a member of Salem County Country Club. He possesses a remarkably clear perception in matters of business. which makes his advice much sought in financial affairs, and those who have profited h\ his wisdom ha\e no cause for regret. JAMES ^lECRAY. M. D. This gentleman is accorded a place in the ranks of the medical fraternity of Cape Jklay county, and the extensive practice which he enjoys is an indi- cation of his skill and ability. Diligent study, resulting in comprehensive and accurate knowledge, an abiding sympathy and a deep-felt interest in his fellow men, — these ha\'e been the concomitants of his success and have gained him prestige as a representative of his noble antl humane calling. The Doctor was born in Cape May City, February 21 , 1842. and is a son of James and Mary A. (Mulford) Mecray. The family is of ScotchTrish origin, and the first of the name to locate in America crossed the Atlantic from the country of hills and heather, becoming one of the early settlers of Cape May. He acted as a pilot on the Delaware river, but died at the early age of twenty-four years. John Mecray, the grandfather of the Doctor, re- sided at Cape May and was also a pilot on the river. He married a Miss Eldredge and three children were born to them: Jeremiah Eldredge, James and Mrs. Ann M. Teaming. The grandfather died at the age of twenty- seven years. James Mecray was born at Cape ]\Iay. and. like his ancestors, spent his life as a pilot on the ri\'er. However, he also engaged in conducting a hotel through the sunmier season, being the proprietor of the Delaware House for half a century. It was liberally patronized, and as the result of his well directed business aft'airs he accumulated a handsome competence. He in- vested some of his capital in real estate and was the owner of considerable valuable property. In public affairs he took an active interest and was frequently called to office b\- his fellow townsmen who recognized and ap- preciated his worth and abilitw He ser\ed as city treasurer and as burgess, and was always acti\e in the local affairs of the village. His political support was given the Democracy, and in his social connections he was an Odd Fel- low. He was three times married, his first union being with Marv Ann Mil- CO\'GRESSJONAL DISTRICT OF XEIF JERSEY. m ford, l)y wliom he had six children: Mary Jane, the eldest, married William S. Schellinger, a boat-builder at Cape May. They have two children: Clar- ence and Hulda, who became the wife of John Davis. Julia is the wife of Edward S. Taylor and has three children: James E., who married Miss Marcy and is a leading real-estate dealer of Cape May; Julia; and Ella, who is the wife of Charles Kellon, a civil engineer. Hannah is the wife of Dr. Alexander Marcy. Alexander, a practicing physician, married Lydia Etress and has three children: James, a veterinary surgeon; Julia, the wife of Harry Hill; and Nancy Ann. Dr. Alexander Mecray has been a member of the stafif of physicians of the Cooper Hospital in Camden, this state, since its establishment, and is regarded as one of the most skillful representatives of the medical fraternity in the state. James is the next of the family. Almira is the wife of Samuel R. Ludlam and has three children, — Harry, Cora and William. After the death of his first wife, James Mecray, the father of our subject, married Rachel Steven, and they had one daughter, named Rachel, who is now the wife of Joseph Dalby. Eor his third wife he married Sarah Schell- inger. The mother of our subject died May 6, 1861, at the age of forty- seven years, and his father's death took place in 1892. Dr. James Mecray, whose name introduces this review, was educated in the public schools of Cape May and Philadelphia, and then as a preparation for a life work entered the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, in which he was graduated in 1861. He subsequently pursued a course in the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, where he was graduated with the class of 1865. Thus well equipped for his chosen calling, he opened an office in Cape May and has since enjoyed a steadily increasing practice, which has now reached extensive proportions. He is a member of the Cape May County Medical Society. In 1866 he estabhshed his drug store and erected a handsome business block, thirty by seventy feet and two stories in height, on one of the principal corners of the town. He now has a large trade which justifies the employment of five clerks. During the civil war the Doctor became an assistant surgeon in the navy and served for two years, being with the East Gulf Squadron under Admiral Theodorus S. Bailey. He is now a member of John Mecray Post, G. A. R., which was named in honor of John Mecray, who was the first man from Cape May county killed in the war, his death occurring in the battle of Williamsburg. The Doctor also holds membership in the Masonic fraternity and has filled all the offices in the local lodge. For six years he has been the president of the Cape. May council, exercising his official prerogatives to advance all measures calculated to prove of public benefit. 112 BfOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST On the 8th of Xovemlier. 1865. was celebrated the marriage of Dr. Me- cray and Miss EHzabeth H. Hughes, a daughter of All)ert H. Hughes. They have three children. Lizzie, the eldest, is the wife of P. Logan Bockius, a coke operator of \^irginia, and they have two children, — Dorothy and Logan. Paul Mulford. who was educated in the Philadelphia high school and was graduated in the medical department of the University of Pennsyl- vania, was appointed a member of the medical staflf of the Cooper Hospital, in Camden, when only twenty-three years of age. During the Spanish- American war he served as assistant surgeon of the Fourth New Jersey Regiment. Huldah, the youngest child, died in infancy. The family is one widely known in Cape May county and its circle of friends is limited only i)y the circle of its acquaintances. The Doctor is a public-spirited citizen who aids in many ways in promoting the general progress, manifesting the same loyalty which he displayed when he sailed under the naval ensign of the nation. WILLL\:\I RICHMAN. JR. Mr. Richman. the proprietor of one of the large canning factories of Daretown, Salem county. New Jersey, was born in ^^'hig Lane, this state. July 14, 1858. and is a son of \\'illiam. a grandson of Jonathan, and a great- grandson of \\'illiam Richman. Jonathan Richman moved to Pole Tavern in 1818 and was a tavern-keeper for a short time. In 18 19 he was elected sheriflf of the county and held the ofifice three years. He was a prominent man in the county and faithful to public interests. William Richman was born at Pole Tavern and took an active part in political campaigns when he reached adult years. In 1859 he was elected a justice of the peace and held the ofifice thirty-one years, having eight hun- dred suits tried before him in that time, only two of them being appealed, and in no case was his judgment reversed by a higher court. He lived on one farm seventy-five years and voted for fifty-six consecutive years. He was a great student, reading and studying when all his household was asleep, and in this way he mastered the Greek and Latin languages, and at the age of seventy learned the French. He had a remarkable memory and a fact once mastered by him was always ready for future reference, while his knowledge of the law made his opinions much sought after by all classes of his fellow citizens, his sound, logical views making his advice always a safe guide to follow. He was a strong politician and kept an intelligent eye on all public movements. He was frequently chosen to settle up estates and did CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEIJ' JERSEY. 113 so in a manner tliat reflected credit on liis discernment. He died October 20, 1895, at the age of seventy-seven years, and his death was widely mourned as a puliHc calamity. He was united in matrimony to Susan Burt, a daughter of Richard Burt, of this place. She died leaving one child, George W. She was the leader of the choir in the Daretown church and took an active interest in all phases of church work. After her death, William Richman was married to Miss Caroline Foster, who died June 12, 1885, leaving four children, namely: Linn B.. a storekeeper of Whig Lane; William, Jr., of Daretown; Fayette, of Philadelphia; and Sarah, wife of Furman Xewkirk, of Elmer. George W. Richman attended the common schools in his youth and worked on a farm during the summer. In 1875 William Richman, Sr.. pur- chased the farm of one hundred and five acres, upon which George W. Richman has since resided, devoting his attention to general farming and truck gardening. He was the township collector for six years and for several years has been a member of the board of education. He was married Feb- ruary 25, 1891. to Miss Kate Van Meter, a daughter of Isaac B. Van Meter, of a prominent family of this section: and the marriage was without issue. W'illiam Richman, Jr., had but little opportunity to attend school, but studied diligently at night and secured an extensive knowledge, adding to it much information gained from observation, and is to-day one of the shrewd- est business men of Salem county. \\'hen he reached his majority his father started him in Inisiness in \\ hig Lane in a general store, which he conducted for five years, when he came to Daretown and entered into partnership with Mr. Johnson, who had been his clerk at Whig Lane. They remained to- gether until 1887, when Mr. Richman sold out his interest and started a canning factory, erecting suitable buildings for that purpose and putting in machinery that would turn out five hundred thousand cans per year. The "Jersey Blue" is his brand, and his product meets with a read}- sale, being one of the most popular brands on the market to-day. Mr. Richman was married to Miss Lizzie Rammel, who died August 6, 1890, and on Alarch 2, 1892, he was united to Miss Laura Keely. a daughter of Ed\^■ar(l Keely, of Allowav. He has been well known in local Democratic circles and in 1899 was nominated for the assembly, but declined the honor. He was postmaster seven years, three at W'hig Lane and four years after coming to Daretown. He is a trustee of the almshouse of Salem count}-. He is no less popular with the general public than with the one hun- dred and twenty employes of his factory, who esteem him as kind hearted and generous. He has always taken a great interest in matters pertaining to the turf and is the president of the Woodstown Driving Club, also of the alms- house board this year. 1900. n-H 114 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST GEORGE E. PIERSON. F'romineni in ])olitical circles and one of tlie leading citizens of \\'oo(l- burv, George E. Pierson was born in Swedesboro, Gloucester county. New Jersey, in 1837. his ])arents being Joseph Z. and Mary (Gibson) Pierson. The father was born in Swedesboro, in April, 1807. The family was of English and Irish descent, but was founded in this country at an early day. The great-grandfather was probalily a native of Swedesboro, — the birth- place of John Pierson, the grandfather. The mother belonged to one of the old Friends' families of southern New Jersey, founded in Woodbury at an early period in the development of the town. Her father was Gideon Gib- son. Joseph Z. Pierson, the father of our subject, was a blacksmith, con- veyancer and surx'eyor, and in later life became a farmer. He continued his residence in Swedesboro until 1841, when he removed to a farm between that place and Mullica Hill, where he lived for six years. He then took up his abode on a farm near the battle-ground at Red Bank, in Gloucester county. where he remained for four years, removing thence to Blount Ephraim. Camden county, in 185 1. Subsequently he resided on a farm near Wood- bury and eventually took up his residence in that city in the spring of 1854. there making his home until his death, which occurred in May, 1857. He was a Whig in early life and later became a Republican. In 1841 he was elected to the state legislature by Gloucester county, which then included Camden county. He also filled the ofifice of justice of the peace and took an active and commendable interest in everything pertaining to the public wel- fare and progress. He kept well informed on the issues of the day and on all matters of current interest and was a leading and influential citizen of his community, who left the impress of his individuality for good upon the policy and advancement of his county. In business he was strictly reliable and very methodical, and in his early life he was known as one of the lead- ing surveyors of Gloucester county. In his family were eight children: •Charles L., who is living on a farm near Woodbury; Edward, a civil engi- neer, who died at the age of twenty-four years; James H., of Woodbury, who has been xtry prominent in Democratic circles and has served as deputy sherifT; George E., of this review: Joseph, a farmer, who became a second lieutenant of Company E. Twelfth New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, and was killed in the battle of Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863; Sarah G.. deceased: Lydia G., who has been a teacher in the Woodbury school for thirty-four years; and Mary, who died in childhood. The mother of these children lived to be eighty-three years of age, her liirlh having occurred in March. j8io, her death on the loth of May, 1893. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJV JERSEY. T13 George E. Pierson, whose name introduces tliis review. s]ient his early ])ovhood days upon farms near Clarkshoro, Red Bank, Mount Epliraim and Woodbury, and attended the district schools near his home. In 1854 he entered the Constitution printing office, where he worked as an apprentice and journeyman for a period of twenty-three years, or until 1877. In the latter year he entered the employ of G. G. Green, in the advertisement de- partment of his extensive patent-medicine business, continuing in that posi- tion until 1889. He has since Ijeen chiefly employed as the secretary of the Woodbury Real Estate and Mutual Loan Association, one of the largest building and loan associations in the state. He was elected to this position in 1 87 1, and during his twenty-nine years of service has seen the receipts of the association grow from four hundred to eight thousand dollars per month. In 1874 Mr. Pierson was united in marriage to Miss Abigail R. Murphy, a daughter of William and Sarah C. ^lurphy. of Gloucester county, and they have two children: George E.. who is now twenty-six years of age, and is employed as bookkeeper by the A. P. Swoyer Company, of Philadelphia: and Augustus B., who is a clerk in the Farmers' & Mechanics' National Bank, of Woodbury. The family attend the Episcopal church and are highly respected in social circles. Mr. Pierson is an active Republican and has always taken an earnest and intelligent interest in the affairs of his town and county. He began his public service in 1864 as the town clerk of old Deptford township, when it included the present city of Woodbury and the township of West Deptford. He served in that capacity until the city of Woodbury was incorporated, in 1871, when he was elected city clerk, in which position he served eight years, with distinguished success. He had also served six years as borough clerk of the old borough of Woodbury. In 1881 he was elected a memlier of the council from the second ward of the citv of Woodbury, and served one term of three years. In 1895 he was unanimously elected a meml)er of the l>oard of chosen freeholders from the second ward of the city of Woodbury, after the ward had been represented by a Democrat for two previous terms. He was then re-elected, without opposition, in 1898. Pie has always served on the com- mittee on appropriations and other important committees of the board, and has repeatedly declined the director's chair, preferring to use his influence and activity on the floor of that Ijody. He was the author of the resolution of petition to the legislature which resulted in the enactment of a supple- ment to the state aid road law giving enlarged scope to the powers of boards of freeholders. In 1890 Mr. Pierson was appointed the private secretary of Henry M. Nevius, the president of the senate, and the same year was made a member of the Gloucester coimtv lioarfl of elections, of which he has been Ii6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY Of THE TIRST president continuously since. In 1898 and 1899 he served witli consi^icuous success as private secretary- to the speaker in the house of assembly, Hon. David O. Watkins. now United States district attorney for the state of New Jersey. In 1882, tliough strongly urged, he refused to have his name pre- sented for nomination for the office of county clerk, and again in 1892 re- fused to enter the list for nomination before the central committee as a candidate for the assembly. He consented to be a candidate for the nomina- tion for senator in 1899, but failed to receive the nomination, after a close contest. He has since been elected county collector and treasurer, by a unanimous vote of the board of freeholders. George E. Pierson has a membership connection with the leading fra- ternal orders of the county. He has been a member of Florence Lodge. No. 87, F. & A. M., for more than thirty years, served for three years as worshipful master, seven years as secretary and is now serving his twelfth year as treasurer. He has been a member of ]\Iariola Lodge. No. 9, K. P., for more than thirty-one years and has served continuously as the keeper of records and seal of the lodge during the entire time, and was the grand keeper of records and seal of the grand domain of New Jersey from February, 1891. until the 22d of February, 1900. He has been a memljer of Woodbury Lodge, No. 4, L O. O. F., for over thirty-two years, and is the past grand and past deputy grand master in that order. He has been a member of Provident Conclave, No. 47, Improved Order of Heptasophs and Guarantee Lodge, No. 17, Ancient Order of United Workmen, for over seventeen years, in each of which he has served as the secretar}- since its organiza- tion. REUBEN T. JOHNSON. Reuben Townsend Johnson was born at Town Bank, Cape May county, Januar}' 16, 1862, and is a son of Jeremiah S. and Melissa (Garettson) John- son. The family is of German origin. Our subject was educated in the pub- lic schools of Erma and in Eastman's Business College, being graduated in the latter institution with the class of 1879. He then spent a year clerking in a drug store in Philadelphia, after which he occupied a position as book- keeper in that city and then became timekeeper and forem.an of the Rio Grande Sugar Company, in which capacity he served for three years, the diffusion process being used during the last year of his connection with that house. On leaving that position he came to Erma, where he embarked in general merchandising. He now carries a large stock of goods and has built up an excellent trade, which is constantly growing both in volume and CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF XEIV JERSEY. 117 importance. He is also interested in oyster-planting- and ]JOund fishery, and the two departments of his business are yielding- to him good financial re- turns. On the 20th of November, 1882, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Johnson and ]\Iary H. \\'hilldin, and there have been born two children, — Martha H. and Reuben T. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Junior Order of American Mechanics and is a \-ery im- portant factor in political and church circles of the city as well. He is a valued member of the Tabernacle Methodist Episcopal church, in which he is serving as trustee, steward, and Sunday-school superintendent, — the lat- ter for eleven years. He is the vice-president of the Cape May County Sunday-school Association, while in 1898 he served as its corresponding secretary. In politics he is a stalwart Republican and since the Harrison administration has served as the postmaster of Erma, while for ten years he filled the position of commissioner of deeds. In March, 1900, he was elected a justice of the peace, for the term of five years. It will thus be seen that he has been actively associated with the business, social, political and moral interests of the community in w hich he resided and his labors have been most effective in promoting their welfare. RAYMOND W. BATTEN. Raymond \\'. Batten is a son of Lucius S. and Margaret (Tash) Batten, and was born in Deerfield township, Cumberland county. New Jersey. No- vember 8, 1861. His grandfather, Samuel Batten, was a farmer in that township and a pronounced Republican. While not a member of any church, he was a constant attendant at the Presbyterian church and was a con- scientious, upright man. He married a Miss Shull and among the children born to them was Lucius S., the father of our sufjject. Raymond W. Batten was educated in the private schools of Alloway and at an early age engaged in the manufacture of cans, being associated in this work with John Davis. He has continued to follow this business since, put- ting in the work energy and industry and making of it a successful venture. In 1897 he was appointed postmaster of Alloway. and is so courteous and obliging that he has won friends among all classes and is universally liked. He was married in 1888, to Miss Winifred Dorrell, a daughter of Daniel Dorrell, a prominent citizen of this county, whose sketch appears on another page. One child, Jessie T., has blessed their home. Mr. Batten is a member of the State Mutual Building S: Loan Association and is the secretarv and ri8 BIOCRAI'lllCll- IIISrORY Ol- run tlRST treasurer of the Ailoway l)raiu-li. lie is also a jirominent Knioht of Pythias and stantls high in social circles where his resentiug his district in the state legislature. His political career is an irreiiroachahlc one, marked by loyalty to his duties of citizenshi]) and by earnest effort in behalf of the interests which he believes will prove the greatest good to the greatest number. He has never been an ofifice- seeker. and the jiosition has come to him as a merited tribute in recognition of his worth and ability. .Mr. Marshidl is a son of Raudol|)h and Sarah (Hughes) Marshall, and was born Se]>tend)er 18. 1845, ''i t'l*-" town of Marshallville, Cape May county. He obtained his education in the ])ublic schools of Tuckahoe. and further continuetl his studies in the (Jnaker City Business College, of Philadelphia. In 1866 he enteiTd niion his l)usiness career, by learning the harnessmaker's trade in Tuckahoe, and two years later, in 1868, he came to Seaville, where he began business on his own account as a general merchant, successor to Thomas R. Candy. He has since carried on operations along that line and is now, in connection with his brother, James L., under the firm name of James L. & Ellis H. Marshall, the owner of three stores. They have a general store, thirty-five by eighty-five feet, a harness store and manufactory and ;i hardware and farming implement store. They also own the hall of the town. They carry the largest general stock in southern New Jersey, valued at eight thousand dollars, and from the public receive a very liberal patronage, which is constantly increasing. They handle coal, wood and carriages, do bl;ud- object along the way is per- fectly familiar to him. Thus with the river, its winding course became a familiar path to him. and hundreds are the mighty vessels which he has safely guided through its waters, as they have borne their valuable cargoes to the sea or brought them to the city market. All through these years Mr. Bennett has resided in Cape May and has been prominently connected with many of its publit interests. In politics he is a Democrat and socially he is a representative of the Ancient Order of United \\'orkmen, the Heptasophs, the Red Men and the Petit organiza- tion. He was actively associated with the militan" interests of the state through his membership in Company H, Sixth Regiment of the New Jersey National Guard, in which he served for five years. He is also a member of the Cape May volunteer fire department, and is a consistent and faithful member of the Baptist church, in which he takes an active part. He is the president of the Boys' Brigade of Cape May, which is composed of sixtv-six boys, from the various churches. This was organized in 1896 for the pur- pose of interesting the boys in church work with the ultimate object of inducing them to become members of the church. The home relations of Air. Bennett are ver\' pleasant. He was married September 5, 1882, to Miss Hannah Lee, a daughter of Thomas Lee, who was a butcher of Cape May county, and their union has been blessed with two children,— John and Ada. Mr. Bennett is greatly devoted to the in- terests of his family and regards no personal sacrifice too great that will enhance the welfare or promote the happiness of his wife and children. He is an honorable upright man, faithful to every duty of public and private hfe and true to every trust reposed in him. WILLIAM OUGH. \\'illiam Ough was born in Cornwall. England, Julv 13. 1821, and is a son of Samuel and Anna (Hambly) Ough. His great-grandfather. George Ough, was a resident of that country and was a stone-mason by trade. Three sons comprised this family,— Richard, John and William. Richard Ough, the grandfather of our subject, was born in the parish o£ St. Cieer, 128 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Cornwall, linglaiul. where he learned the trade of mason and was a con- tractor and Ijnilder of good repute, and was a zealous member of the Episcopal church. He married Elizabeth Williams, by whom he had six children, namely: Joan, Richard, Samuel. Betsey. Jennie and John. His death, which occurred in 1803, was the result of an accident. He was thrown from a colt which he was riding and ruptured a blood vessel, from the efifects of which he died. His wife lived until she attained her eighty-fifth or eighty- sixth year, in 1830. Samuel Ough, the father, was born at Cornwall, England, in 1784, and followed in the footsteps of his fathers by becoming a mason of ability and skill. He was an earnest Christian, a member of the Episcopal church of St. Cleer parish, and for fifty years, up to the age of seventy-six, was clerk of the parish, keeping all the church records. He was united in w^edlock with Miss Anna Hambly, and their children are now widely scattered over the earth. Mary was born in 1812; Ann was bom in 1814: Richard, in 1816: Elizabeth, in 1818; William, in 1821; Jane, in 1823, and died in 1856, in New Castle, Pennsylvania: Maria in 1824 and married a Mr. Rundell. of Colchester, Illinois; and Samuel, in 1828, and died near Spokane, Washing- ton. The father of these children had reached the advanced age of eighty-six years when he passed through the valley of the shadow of death, in 1869. His wife entered the dreamless sleep in her si.xty-seventh year, in 1853. William Ough attended the private schools of his native parish in Corn- wall, England, until he attained his eleventh year, when he learned the mason's trade of his father, continuing to work with him until twenty-seven years of age when, in 1848. he came to America with his sisters and brothers. Locating in Salem. New Jersey, he continued to work at his trade for a short time and then engaged in operating a steam engine, which position he followed for eleven years. At the expiration of that time he opened a grocery and has been in that business ever since. He has built up a good class of trade and endeavors to please his patrons by selling them just the article they want, gaining a reputation for courtesy and affability that adds much to his popularity. Mr. Ough was married ]\Iay 18, 185 1. to ?^Iiss ^lary Hambler, a daughter of John Hambler of England. Their children were John and Elizabeth, twins, who died in infancy, as did Alary, who was born March 12, 1856; Anna was born August 27, 1857, and married Wilber Hutchinson, of Wilmington, Delaware, a molder. on June 25, 1899; Samuel, born February 5, 1859, was married November 25, 1886, to Lilly Pierpont, by whom he has two chil- dren. — William and Edwin. Mr. Ough is a prominent member and vestry- man of the Episcopal church, and in politics is not attached to any party. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 129 using his intelligent convictions in deciding which candidate is best suited to fill the requirements of office. He is a stockholder in the New Jersey Building & Loan Association and is a prominent Odd Fellow, being a member of Washington Lodge. Xo. 21. I. O. O. F.. and also of the Encamp- ment. He has been the honored treasurer of the lodge for more than twenty years, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of every one who knows him. THOMAS STAXGER. Xo resident of Temperanceville did more for the upbuilding of the town than Thomas Stanger. and at his death the community mourned the loss of its most valued citizen. He was born at Marshallville, X'ew Jersey, February 16. 1821, and died July 23, 1883. His grandfather. Philip Stanger. was one of the founders of the Episcopal church in Glassboro, and lies buried in the churchyard. He and his six brothers, in fact, created the town. He established the glass factory at Ouinton's Bridge, and was actively inter- ested in both the business and general affairs of his community. Frederick Stanger. the father of Thomas Stanger, was born in Glassboro and in early life learned the business which occupied his father's attention. He after- ward established a glass factory at Xew Brooklyn, but died before it was fairly in operation. Thomas Stanger spent his early days in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and there learned the glass-makers' trade, to which he devoted his energies throughout his business career. He took up his abode in Temperanceville, and, with Eben '\\'hitney, purchased the glass factory which had been estab- lished by Lewis and Jacob Stanger at that place. Subsequently he was associated in business with W'oodward Warrick and conducted enterprises which contributed largely to the upbuilding and prosperity of the town. He was a progressive and wide-awake business man, and his labors brought him a comfortable competence. He was indeed a leading spirit in Temperance- ville, and after his death the town ceased to enjoy the prosperity which it had previously known. Mr. Stanger was united in marriage to Hannah H. Harding, a daughter of Hon. Benjamin Harding, who was long the county judge and a leading and influential citizen of Clayton. To Mr. and Mrs. Stanger were born four children, of whom three are living: Man.-, Anna and Eleanor, the last named being the wife of Oliver Townsend, of Colorado Springs, Colorado. The mother of these children died in March, 1890. In his political views ^Ir. Stanger was a Republican, and while in Pittsburg served as a member of I30 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST the city council. Socially he was connected with the Odd Fellows' society, but his interest centered in his home, and, outside of business hours, he found his greatest pleasure in the midst of his family. He was a man of unques- tioned integrity and worth, and his business career gained for him not only prosperity but the high regard of all with whom he was associated. SAMUEL P. FOSTER. Samuel P. Foster, editor of the Elmer Times, Elmer, Salem county, Xew Jersey, was born November 13, 1859, near Newport. Cumberland county, New Jersey, son of Charles C. and grandson of Isaac P. Foster, both natives of Cumberland county, this state, and the latter Ijorn at Alillville. that county. The Fosters are of English origin. Four brothers of that name came from England to this country in colonial days and soon after their arrival here scattered, one settling in New England, one on Long Island, one in East Jersey, and one — Samuel — at Cape May. The subject of this sketch comes from that branch of the family of which Samuel was the progenitor. The date of Samuel Foster's l^irth is not known, but the records show that his grandson, Ezekiel Foster, was born September 20, 1729. Isaac P. Foster, grandfather of our subject, was a soldier in the war of 1812. He went to Cape May to aid in the defense of the shore from the British. He had a brother who was a prominent politician and who w-as for several terms a member of the New^ Jersey council before the adoption of the present constitution. Charles C. Foster, the father of Samuel P., was a farmer and oysterman in Cumberland county. While not a public man, he took an interest in local affairs and for three terms served as assessor of his township. He was a strong temperance advocate and a man of deep piety, for twenty-five years identified with the Sons of Temperance and for many years a member of the Presbyterian church. Such was his every-day life that it harmonized with the religion which he professed. He died October 8, 1898, at the age of sixty-five years. His wife, who before her marriage was Miss Eunice Socwell, was a native of the same county in which he was born, and was a daughter of Sherred Socwell, a prominent and highl\- re- spected citizen of Cumberland county. She died in 1862. The children of this worthv couple were five in number, as follows: Samuel P.; Benjamin, of New York city; Mrs. Mary Henderson, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Miss Theodosia, of Elmer, New Jersey: and Mrs. Josephine Boon, also of Elmer. ^cu^i^uiyi^ f^^cj^xhy^ COA'GRESS/OXAL DISTRICT OF XEir JERSEY. 131 When Samuel P. was a boy oi tliirteeii his father's home was broken up, and. voung as lie was, he started out in lite to hustle for himself. For a time he worked in a country store for his board and clothes, and later on a farm, for the same wages, on an oyster boat as a cook, and on a freighting vessel as a deck hand. At the age of twenty we find him occupying a position as a salesman for C. O. Newcomb. proprietor of a flouring mill at Cedarville, New Jersey, with whom he remained seven years. This position he left to accept one on the Temperance Gazette, of Camden. New Jersey, and in May. 1887. he became identified with the paper of which he is now editor and proprietor. In this connection a brief history of the press of Elmer is not amiss. The first issue of the Elmer Gazette was published August 8, 1885, by Edwin Facey, although there had been an attempt to start a paper here some time previous to that, if we inistake not, by Air. Maynard. who after- ward published the Glassboro Enterprise. Mr. Facey continued the Gazette until January 2t,. 1886. The following July. John L. Davis, of Philadelphia, invested several hundred dollars in the paper, changing it to the Elmer Times. By September of the same year Mr. Davis had lost part of his money and all of his confidence in his ability to make a success of the Elmer Times and he was glad to find a firm w ilHng to take it of? his hands and agree to pay a small rental for the type and machinery. Air. Reeve and Rev. S. H. Hann took the plant from Mr. Davis and injected new life in it at once. In May. 1887, it seemed to be almost at a standstill and there were rumors that it might be moved to another place when the present editor cast his lot with it, with little to help the enterprise along except his good will, push and natural ability. He was in partnership with the Reeve Brothers until October 27, 1889, at which date the Times had made a place and a name for itself. The whole plant, which had doul)led several times in value by increased business and the addition of machinery, was purchased by the present pub- lisher, who paid for the two-thirds held by his partners one thousand seven hundred and thirty-three dollars cash and assumed all the debts, which were considerable. A silent partner was then admitted and the paper published by the Elmer Times Company^ for three or four years, when it was again purchased entire by the present publisher. The success Mr. Foster has achieved in bringing his paper to the front is ample evidence of the all- around qualifications he possesses as an editor. Especially in the line of advertisement writing has he gained notoriety, having several times been the recipient of cash prizes in competitive contests. In 1897 he won one of the Printers" Ink prizes of two hundred dollars cash oflfered by George P. Rowell tS: Company, of New York. 13^ niOCRAl'IilCAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST l'"r;ucrnally. Mr. Foster is idciltirtcd with Elmer Lodge, No. i6i, F. & A. M., and is a charter member of the local lodge of Jr. O. U. A. M.. and is also a member of the K. of P., Sons of Temperance and Heptasophs. Religiously he is a Presbyterian, and since he was twenty-eight vears old he has been an elder in the church. He was married December i6, 1884, to Miss Fanny Batcman, a member of one of the old families of Cedarville, Cumberland county. The\- have four children, — Hurbert, Mulford, Rosenna and Preston. In October, 1899, the veteran cx-editor, J- H- C. .\ppelgate, paid the following voluntary tribute in print to the Fdnicr Times and its editor: " Neither the place, the chance, nor the backing had so much to do in making the Elmer Times (the largest-circulated weekly in this part of the countrx) as the especial fitness for the work and drive of its present pro- prietor. It has been demonstrated that fully one-half of all the American newspapers print and circulate far less than seven hundred copies each issue and that a list of more than ten thousand newspapers can be made up among which no single one prints regularly so many as a thousand copies, and yet the Times in a little borough of about ele\'en hundred population issues weekl\- not less perhaps than two tliousand two hundred and fifty paid sub- scriptions, or an a\erage of two copies to every man, w'oman and child in the place. To keep up that rate of newspaper circulation here in Bridgeton would require an issue of thirty thousand copies, allowing our population to be fourteen thousand, as now claimed. Such a feat in journalism I belie\-e nowhere equaled in the United States outside of Elmer, — not so far at least as I am apprised. Twenty years ago Bridgeton', with a population of nearly ten thousand, had not a single newspaper subscription to equal that of the Elmer Times of to-day, which has been in existence but about thirteen years. "Elmer could scarce have been an over inviting field from a journalistic standpoint, judging from the description given of it in the following para- graph printed in a neighboring newspaper aliout thirteen years ago: ■' Tt is reported that the Elmer Gazette, wdiich was started a few months ago. has 'gone dead.' This might have been expected, for with the ex- ception of a half-dozen persons there is about as little enterprise among the so-called leading citizens of Elmer as there is in a country graveyard. It is about as difficult to publish a newspaper in such a town as it is to grow kan- garoos on strawberry vines. It is evident that Elmer don't want a paper and don't deserve one.' 'in 1887 Mr. Foster took a hand in the management, — first with a couple of associates and later in 188S buying them out and taking the management of the jilant entire. Since then everybody knows what they CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJr JERSEY. 133 know that for a dean, readal)le and up-to-date newspaper the Elmer Times has no superior in all south Jersey." ISAAC DERRICKSON. Upon a farm in Eogan township, (lloucester county, Isaac Derrickson is successfully carrying on agricultural pursuits. He was born in Repaupo, August 13, 1836, and is a son of Thomas and Louisa (Mcllvain) Derrickson, the former a native of Logan township, and the latter of Harrison town- ship. Gloucester county. Isaac and Mary (Holden) Derrickson, the paternal grandparents of our subject, were both of Swedish lineage, the latter being a daughter of a Swedish minister. The grandparents had a family of eight children, namely: Andrew, who went to Indiana when twenty-four years of age, and had a son, James M., who is now in Wyoming, while his daughter Hannah is the wife of James Fisher and liyes in Minnesota; Thomas, the father of our subject: Ann. the wife of Job Key, of Logan township; Mary, the wife of James Lodge, of Paulsboro, New Jersey; Sarah, the wife of Joseph Eldridge, of Deptford, New Jersey; Samuel, who was a leading citizen and public speaker of note, residing near Paulsboro, New Tersey, where he died at the age of thirty-eight years, while his wife, who was formerly Miss Miller, with their family resides in Paulsboro; Martha, rle- ceased; and John, who was formerly a practicing physician of \\'arren, Con- necticut, but is now decea.sed. Thomas Derrickson, the father of our subject, died in 1877. at the age of sixty-eight years, and his wife passed away in 1843, at the age of thirty years. Their children were Issac; Anna, the deceased wife of .Alfred Locke, who is iiying at Port Richmond, Staten Island, New York, and has two children, Harry and Georgiana; Parker, who died in Camden, New Jersey; Arthur, who is living with his brother Isaac and married Elizabeth Locke, by whom he has four children: Fanny, who died in childhood; Kate, the wife of Harry Locke, of Staten Island; Thomas, who has charge of a grocery store in Camden, New Jersey; Ida May. living on Staten Island; Louisa, who became the wife of Andrew Cook, of Pennsville, New Jersey, and died at the age of twenty-five years. Isaac Derrickson was educated in the public schools of his native town, also at a select school in Swedesboro, and at Pennington Seminary. He assisted his father on the farm until he was twenty-one years of age, when he began teaching school. He had charge of the Repaupo school for eighteen years and also taught in the schools of Red Bank, Center Square 134 HIOCKArillCAL HISTORY O/- THli J-IRST and Lnion. and for one \ear in Plcasantsillc, C'nnil)ei"land conntx'. Alto- f^'ctlicr lie dcNoted aliout Iwentx-fne years to edncational work, liis labors in that line endins^- in iSScj. During that time he also engaged to some extent in farming, fishing and marketing. He purchased his present farm in i8. The father, who CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF XHJV JERSEY. 147 was a prominent minister of the Society of Friends, died at tlie old Parker homestead above mentionefl. on the 12th of July, 1829, and was liuried at Old Kennett. Pennsylvania. His devoted wife, who was born February ig, 1754, departed this life October 17. 1823. The eighth child of this worthy couple, John. Jr., was born in the autumn of 1786, and on the 20th of March. 1828. married Rebecca, the daughter of \\'illiam and Jane \^'^e15b. Their eldest child. William W'.. the father of the subject of this sketch, was born May 22. 1830. and tlieir \ounger cliildren were: Hannah Jane, who was born October 4, 1832, married John G. Taylor, and died in 1866: Rebecca, born November 22. 1835, and died in the following year; Edward S.. born April 12. 1840. died on the 17th of the ensuing July. The father of these children was called to the home beyond April 12. 1857, having survived the wife and mother sixteen years. William W. Parker was the owner of large and valuable tracts of farm land, and was engaged in agriculture during his acti\e life. For a number of }'ears he held the office of school director and at the time of his death, which event occurred October 17. 1890. he was serving in the responsible position of president of the County Directors' Association. In his political views he was a stanch Republican. acti\'e in tlie interests of his ])arty. For a wife he chose Anna Mary, a daughter of Thomas and Edith Darlington, tlieir marriage being celebrated March 16. 1854. Joseph Walter, the second son of W. W. and Anna Parker, was born October 26, 1836. and is residing on the old Parkersville (Pennsylvania) homestead. Rebecca, the eldest daughter, is managing the Ravenroyd Hotel at Atlantic City, New Jersey; Edith, born February 15. 1861, died in 1864; Mary, the wife of Emlen Darlington, was born November 27, 18C15. John, born January 16. 1868, married Hattie, a daughter of Caleb Brinton. and lias orie son. William B., born April 1 1, 1898. William D.. born October 2. 1872. died April 26.1895. Dr. Thomas E. Parker was born at Ravenroyd. Parkersville. Pennsyl- vania. December 16, 1854. and in the schools of his native place he acquired his primary education. Later he was a student at Westtown boarding school and West Chester Normal, at West Chester, Pennsylvania. In the last named town he commenced the study of medicine under the guidance of Dr. J. B. Wood, and in 1880 he was graduated in Hahnemann ^Medical College. Philadelphia. Going to Claremont. New Hampshire, he opened an office and for six years devoted himself to practice in that vicinity, meet- ing with gratifying success. In 1889 he came to Woodbury, where for a decade he has commanded a remunerati\e and constantly growing practice. He ranks high among his professional brethren and is an honored member of the American Institute of Homeo]iath\'. the New Jersey Hoiueopathic 148 BlOGRAPHlC/lL HISTORY 01- THE FIRST Society and the \\ est Jersey Homeopathic Society. Moreover, lie is now serving efficiently as a nieniber of the local board of health, is the secretary of the Associated Health Society of Gloucester County and has acted in the capacit}- of coroner for one term. The marriage of the Doctor and Aliss Edith M. Hawes. a daughter of Georg-e F. and Emma (Lyford) Hawes, was solemnized in Augusta, Maine, December 2. 1885. Tlie)- ha\e a charming home and delight in extending its hospitality to their numerous friends and accjuaintances. In social cir- cles they are both very popular, and the Doctor is a leading tnember of Mariola Lodge, No. 9, Knights of Pythias, in which he is a past chancellor. In his political views he is a stanch Republican. Religiously he is a Pres- byterian, his membership being with the local church, of which he is one of the trustees. S. LUTHER RICHMOND. S. Luther Richmontl is one of the most prominent and influential citi- zens of Salem, where he has grown up from infancy into a noble manhood, his development and progress being watched by numberless friends who are not disappointed by seeing him become one of the most successful and popular men of the county. He was born July 7, 1858, in this city. and is a son of Samuel and Rachel (Graham) Richmond. The family originated in England, but the grandfather, Isaac Richmond, was a farmer in Piles Grove township, where he li\ed all his life. His wife was Miss S_\'billa Cheesman, who lived to celelirate her eighty-sixth year. They had five children: Harriet, who married Enoch Boone, of this county; William, John, Jonathan and Samuel. Samuel Richmond first saw the light of day at Woodstown, this county, November 16, 1816. He was a shoemaker by trade and for many years kept a shoe store in Salem, doing a profitable business. He was a Repub- lican, but took little part in politics. He was one of the pillars of the Methodist Episcopal church, having been a member of that organization for a period extending upward of sixty-three years, in which time he was an active worker for the cause of religion. He was a trustee of the church, a well known class-leader and superintendent of the Sunday-school. He was most consistent in his religion, taking it into his every-day life and being known as a conscientious, God-fearing man. His union with Rachel Graham was honored in the birth of se\en children, namely: Elizabeth, the widow of Morris J. Robinson, of Salem: Lucia Rowe, wife of Newton Elmer, of Bridgeton: Emily, who died in childhood; Isaac, who is sleejiing vjy '=^^^'2^x_'/c:i^;!x-y^ ^^-'^TKl'7-^i-<_-cr2-'. Trenchard, of Bridgeton; and our subject proper, James W. Colder. James W. attended the common schools of his time and gained a fair education, after which he learned the trade of wheelwright, which he still follows, in conjunction with his farming, he having a fine ten-acre tract of land. October 29, 1873, marked a new and important era in this man's life, for upon that day he was united in marriage to Mary E. Kean, the daughter of Mr. and ]Mrs. William Kean, of Deerfield. By this union three children were born, two of whom still sur\-ive to bless their good parents, — Carrie E. and R. Boyd. Politically Mr. Colder is an active member of the Democratic party. He has been a township clerk and assessor and is now holding the office of col- lector. Being an enterprising and np-to-date citizen his name is found on the roll of the Odd Fellows lodge, to which order he has lielonged for the last twenty-eight years. In recording the life of this worthy gentleman, the reader will observe that the writer has attempted to give only the chief points in the career of a plain, unassuming resident of Centerton. He has e\'er been an honorable citizen, a good husband and an indulgent father. With such a true record he may well count his life a success. He has spent the most of his life, thus far, in the county in which he was born, and this speaks well for him, in this age when men become restless and for some cause, honorable or dishon- able, move from place to place. Indeed, to have the respect of a county where one has lived and labored for a whole life-time is credit enough for anv man to leave to his children. willia:\i henry church. This gentleman, the well-known proprietor of the Colonial Hotel of Cape May, was born at Cold Spring, Cape May county, on the 26th of August, 1864, and is a son of Captain John and INIary B. (Hall) Church. His father was a sea captain and commanded a number of vessels. He was lost from the schooner Viking on the 26th of April, 1893, and is supposed to have been killed as no traces of him were ever obtained. He had followed the sea throughout his life and was a ver\- able and courageous seaman. He dis- played great bravery in the face of appalling danger and had many narrow escapes from death, and at one time he drifted in a West Indian gale for sixteen days and nights and the vessel at length went to pieces; but Captain Church i64 BlOCK.irillCAI. HISTORY OF THE FIRST was rescued. He in;ule his lujiue in west Ca]ie May. where he was esteemed not only for his sterhng- worth, Ijut for his l)ravery upon the water. His political sui^port was given to the Democratic party and he was a zealous advocate of its principles. He belonged to several secret societies, including the Independent Order of United Workmen, the Mogullions and Improved Order of Heptasophs. He married Mary B. Hall, who is still surviving him, being now fifty-six years of age. To them were born four children: WW- liani 11.; Charles S., a carpenter at Cape May; E\a. who died at the age of eighteen years, and John, who is serving an apprenticeship as a pilot. The eldest son, William H. Church, was educated in west Cape May, where he completed the grammar school course, but at the age of fifteen years he put aside his text-books and learned the printer's trade. He after- ward worked at the goldbeating trade in Philadelphia and subsequently be- came an apprentice at the carpenter's trade, completing a four years' term. After working as a journeyman for a time he began contracting and build- ing on his own account. He erected a number of cottages and built the board walks in Cape May under contract, emjiloying as many as thirty-five men in the prosecution of his business interests. He continued contracting until 1897, and is also an architect, drawing the plans for many of the build- ings which he erected. He was formerly a member of the board of trade of Cape May, and he now devotes his attention to the hotel business, being the proprietor of the Colonial Hotel, which was built in 1894. Accommodation is furnished for one hundred and thirty-five guests and the hotel is open from June to October, during which time it is liberally patronized, for its excel- lent accommodations secure a large support from the public. In addition to this property Mr. Church at one time owned a residence in west Cajie Ma\-, which he has since sold. On the f)th of September, 1884, Mr. Church was united in marriage to Miss Lorena F. Church, a daughter of Jeremiah and Elizabeth Church. They now have two children, — Anna May and Walter; and they lost their second child, Herman, who died at the age of six years. In politics Mr. Church is a Democrat with prohibition sympathies, and in his life exemplified his belief in prohibition principles. He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, of the Mogullions Society of the Royal Arcanum and of the Death Benefit Association, and was formerly a member of the Improved Order of Red Men. For seven years he was connected with the military interests of the state and served as sergeant of Company H, Sixth Regiment, New Jersey National Guards, which was raised at Cape May. He was a member of the board of health at west Cape May and has been actively inter- ested in the various movements and measures calculated to prove of public COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF XEIf JERSEY. 165 benefit. He belongs to the Metliodist Episcopal church and his upright life has gained him the regard and friendship of many w ith wItoui he has come in contact. NATHAN H. \\'ARRINGTON. Nathan Haines ^^'arrington is now living a retired life in Swedesboro. He was born on a farm in Woolwich township. Gloucester county, October 7, 1841, and is a son of Nathan and Priscilla H. (Brown) Warrington. His father came to Woolwich township about 1818 and was engaged in agricul- tural pursuits there for two or three years, after which he purchased what was known as the Warrington Mills. He conducted that enterprise for nearly ten years and then sold the property to Simeon Warrington, the father of the present owner, Simeon Warrington, Jr. On disposing of the mill the father of our subject resumed farming, wdiich he followed until his death in 1875. ^^ passed away at the age of eighty-six years, and his w'ife, who died in 1877. was seventy-six years of age at the time of her death. In their family were thirteen children, five of whom died in infancy. The others were John B., who is now living a retired life at Wolfert Station. New Jersey; Seth H., who was killed in Port Deposit, New York, in December, 1865, at the age of forty-four years; Elizabeth M. D.. the wife of Henry Rockwood, of West- ville, New Jersey; Margaret B., the wife of Eranklin ]\Iatlock, of Philadel- phia; Chalkley B., a physician of Warren count}-. New Jersey: Louis, a retired farmer of Swedesljoro; Nathan H.; and Franklin B.. a merchant of Swedesboro. Nathan H. Warrington was educated in the schools of his natixe town and assisted his father on the farm until 1868, when he purchased a portion of the old homestead, and after his father's death he Ijought the remainder of the place, comprising one hundred and four acres, which he still owns. He continued to devote his energies to agricultural pursuits until 1888, when he retired to private life and removed to Swedesboro, where he pur- chased his present residence, a portion of which is more than one hundred years old. On the first of ]\Iarch, 1866. Mr. \\'arrington was united in marriage to Miss Emma C. Parke, a daughter of Thomas B. and Emily (Gill) Parke. Her mother, whose maiden name was Wolfe, was the widow of Samuel Gill at the time of her marriage to Mr. Parke, and is still living in Philadelphia, at the age of ninety years. Air. and ]\Irs. ^^'arrington have one child. May H. He is a member of the Friends Society, of Nickleton. while hi* wife and daughter are members of the Episco])al church: and he belongs to the 166 BIOGRAl'IIIC.lL lllsrORY OF THIi I'lk'ST S\\c(.lcsl)orci (Irauge. Air. W'arringttm is a Rei)ul)licaii in his ])olitical affili- ations and has held the office of commissioner of appeals. He is a man of sterlins^' worth, who in .all the relations of life has been true to duty and throughout the conimimit)' where he resides he enjoy.s the hi"h reijard of his fellow men. EDWIX D. FOSTER. E\'erywhere in our land are found men who have worked their own way from huml)le and lowly l)eg"innings to i^laces of leadership in the com- merce, the great productive industries and the management of the veins and arteries of the traffic and exchanges of the country. The self-made man is truly a product of America, for in no other land is talent, ambition and energy entirely unhampered by caste and class. Here, however, the man of resolute purpose and of honest intention may gain a place in busi- ness circles which wins the admiration and commands the respect of his fellow men, and this ,]\Ir. Foster has done, being now numliered among the leading merchants of Cape May county. He is the proprietor of a large mercantile establishment in Cape Alay Court House and is accorded an extensi\'e patronage. Mr. Foster was Ijorn in the county seat December 16, 1866, a son of William and Hannah (Patton) Foster. His grandfather, Henry Foster, was proprietor of a hotel in Cape May Court House, and also engaged in fish trade. He had five children: William, the father of our subject; Rachel, wife of Owen Hancock; Emma, the wife of John Bozorth; Mary, the wife of Charles G. Linder; and John, who was drowned, together with his father, while they were fishing in a sail-boat off the coast of Cape May Court House. William Foster is a natixe of Cape May Court House, and here obtained his education in the public schools. He followed the sea for some years and is now connected with the fishing industries. He votes with the Republican partv and in religious faith is a Baptist, serving as a deacon in the Fiist Bajitist church, wherein he has filled the office for some years. He married Miss Patton. and their children are as follows: Charles, who is a carpenter in Cape May Court House, married Millicent Hand and has three children, — Earl, .Albert and Lewis. George P. married Lillian Spaulding and occupies a clerical position in the employ of the Natural Gas Company, of Philadelphia: Linwood, who married Clementine Hen- derson antl has a son. Henderson, who is engaged in the oyster business in Dclmont. Xew Jersey: J. Clement, a ])rinter at Cape May Court House, ^yu2yi^U^ry7^ aJ, J:U^^a2£/fy CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 167 married Deljorah Errickson, and they have a son, Roy; and Edwin and Emma complete the family. The parents are still living and make their home in Cape May Court House. Mr. Foster of this review pursued the high-school course in his native to'wn and was graduated in the class of 1873. After leaving school he learned the printer's trade, which he followed for four years, on the expira- tion of which period he turned his attention to the grocery business. He is now one of the leading general merchants in the town, and has a store room twenty-four by fifty feet well equipped with everything found in a first-class establishment of the kind. His business methods commend them- selves to business men by reason of their method and to the general public l)y reason of their fairness. He is strictly honorable in his dealings, and his courtesy to his patrons and his earnest desire to please have secured him a large trade. On the 28th of February. 1889, Mr. Foster was happily married to Miss Lydia, daughter of James D. Richardson, a sea captain residing at Cape May Court House. They now have one child, Edwin Dorsev. Mr. Foster is a Republican in his political connections, and keeps well informed on the issues of the day. He has held several local ofiices, discharging his duties promptly and faithfully. Socially he is a representative of the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a member of the Baptist church. He certainly deserves great credit for the success he has achieved in life; for. steadily working his way upward, overcoming obstacles and difficul- ties, he stands to-day the leading merchant of his native city. VINCENT O. MILLER. A resident of South Dennis, Vincent O. Miller, was born at Goshen, Cape May county. New Jersey, May 5, 1852, and is a representative of one of the old families, whose members through succeeding generations have been sub- stantial and valued citizens of the community. The first of the name here was Thomas Miller, who removed from Long Island and took up his abode in Town Bank, about 1696. The paternal great-grandfather of our subject also bore the name of Thomas Miller. His son, Elijah Miller, was born at Cold Spring. Cape May county, obtained a common school education and devoted his energies to farming. Later he resided at Green Creek. He served as a member of the militia in the war of 1812 and gave his political sup- port to the Whig party. He was a prominent and influential member of the Methodist church and was earnest and active in advancing its interests. He l68 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST lu-ld \arious official positions in tlie Ta1)ernacle church at Cold Sprino- and when his life's labors were ended his remains were interred in the church- yard there. He first wedded Phoebe Smith; and their children were: Smith, Deborah, Jonas, Elizabeth, Vincent and Mary. Jonas and Elizabeth died in childhood; Smith at the age of twenty-two years; Deborah at the age of twenty; Mary married Benajah Tomlin, a sea captain, b\- whom she had the following children: Smith, Adelaide, Elijah, Enos, Mary. Benajah and Naamah. After the death of his first wife Elijah Miller married Catharine Mclnes MacNab, and they had a daughter, Margaret, who became the wife of Rev. Jacob T. Price, a Methodist minister belonging to the New Jersey con- ference. Mr. and Mrs. Price had several children, including Tenbroeck, Cath- erine, Agnes, Elijah, Margaret, Louis and Embury, the last named a cele- brated divine now serving as the pastor of the church in Yonkers, New ^'ork. Vincent Miller, the father of our subject, was born November 6, 1812, at Dias Creek, Cape May county, obtained his education in the district schools and engaged in farming, being the owner of five hundred acres of valuable land. He also owned and operated a fertilizing manufactory at Goshen, but spent the last fifteen years of his life in Cold Spring, where his death occurred January 30, 1890. In early life he gave his support to the Whig party and afterward became identified with the Democracy. He was a member of the Sons of Temperance and did all in his power to promote prohibition princi- ples. He was twice married, his first union being with Mary Cameron, a member of the Society of Friends of Philadelphia. Their children are Mar- garet C, the widow of Dr. George C. Carll, who died leaving three children: Lincoln, now deceased; Mary and Helen; Emily C, wife of Jesse D. Ludlum; Phoebe S. and Mary R. at home. After the death of his first wife Mr. Miller married Priscilla Buck, and they have four children, the eldest being our sub- ject. The others are Ella, the wife of William Tomlin, a farmer of Goshen, by whom she had three children, — Millicent, Helen and Mary; Elijah, a prac- ticing physician of New ^'ork citv, who married Emily Cress and had one daughter, Mildred; and Belle A., the wife of Albert J. Matthews, of Cold Spring, a farmer and market gardener. The mother of these children died July 12, 1S97. In the common schools of Bridgeton and in the Fort Edwards Institute 'Mv. Miller, of this re\-iew, pursued his education, and when his student life was ended he became a teacher, being employed in the public schools of Cape May county for sixteen years. For thirteen years he was the superin- tendent of the county schools, during which time he resided on his farm at Goshen and devoted part of his time to agricultural ]3ursuits. In connection with his father he was also engaged in the manufacture of fertilizers. He COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 169 further extended his field of labor Ijy dealing in cedar kmiber and still con- ducts that enterprise in connection with the manufacture of fertilizers on Jones Creek, near Dover, Delaware. He furnishes employment to forty men and is conducting a successful and growing business. On the 29th of April, 1877, Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Jane Rice, the daughter of Learning M. Rice, and they now have three children, — Marcia, Paulina and Mariah Rice. The family reside at South Dennis, where they have made their home for thirteen years. Mr. Miller is a member of the Dennisville Building & Loan Association and is one of its directors. He belongs to Cannon Lodge, F. & A. M.; Dennisville Lodge, No. 130, K. of P., and Friendship Lodge, A. O. U. W., at Cape May Court House. He votes with the Democracy, was a candidate for his district in the state legislature in 1898, and has been a delegate to the various conven- tions of his party. The industrial concerns with which he is connected have brought to him a gratifying competence, and that he occupies a leading posi- tion in business circles is due to his own well directed efforts. ISAAC HURF WEATHERBY. This prominent citizen of Swedesboro. who is one of the leading farmers of southern New Jersey, was born on a farm near Auburn, this state, October 16, 1845, and is a son of Benjamin and Sarah (Hurf) \A^eatherby. His grand- parents, Benjamin and Sarah (Richards) \\'eatherby, were of Irish and Swedish origin, respectively. In the paternal family there were seven children, concerning whom we make the following observations: Edith married Walker Norton, of Cam- den, New Jersey; Ann Elizabeth died at the age of forty-eight years; Sarah became the wife of Charles Shute, residing in Harrison township; Isaac H.; Benjamin lives in Millville, New Jersey: Thomas, living in Logan township; and Mary, the wife of Samuel Steward, of Logan township. The mother died in 1855, when only thirty-eight years old, the father surviving her until 1893, "^vhen he passed away, at the good old age of seventy-three years. Mr. Weatherby was educated in the public schools, but has added to his store of knowledge, not only by experience, but also by constant reading and studying upon the subjects in which he is most interested. He has devoted his time chiefly to agricultural pursuits, in which he has achieved great success. In 1894 he purchased a farm of nearly two hundred acres in Woolwich township. Gloucester count)', near what is known as the "Ferry Road," and upon which he has about fifty acres of fruit of all kinds, about I/O BIOGR.U'IIIC.U. IIISTORV OF THE FIRST one-fonrtli Ijcing lUirltank ])lums. The remainder of tlie land is devoted to tlie s^rowingf of "'truck" products and e\erytiiin,il(.)l; and (liarlotte, who Ijecame the secdinl wife of John Rowland. William Bennett, the father of onr snl)ject. was alsci a pilot on the T^ela- ware and thrt)ugiiont his life maintained his residence in Cape May. He was married on the 28th of August, 1830, to Phoebe Schellinger, and to them were horn the following children: William J., born .\pril 24, 1832; Lov- enia, September 30, 1833; George, March 2j, 1836: Emma Learning. October 31, 1837; Albert G. Reed, October 24, 1839; George, January i. 1841; John, June 9, 1843; James K. Polk, February 15, 1847; Mary L.. November 30, 1848; Socrates Learning, April 8, 1850: Judson Xewell. November 18, 1851; Judson Newell (2nd), February 2, 1853: and Socrates T., March 12, 1855. William J. Bennett, of this review, attended the public schools of Cape May and early became an apprentice as a pilot, serving for seven and one- half years. Throughout his entire business career he has been a pilot on the .Delaware river and bay, — a period of more than a half century. During that time he has had many exciting experiences, often fraught with great dan- ger, (^ne of the most perilous trips that he e\er made was during the memorable blizzard of March 12. 1888, when so manv lives and vessels were lost. In October, 1894, Mr. Bennett had a narrow- escape with his life in an Italian ship named Francisco R., during a heavy gale. Both the anchor chains were broken and the vessel was driven ashore on the rocks of Dela- ware bay, the seas washed over her all night, each sea threatening to be the last and fatal one. Mr. Bennett, the pilot, could not make the Italians under- stand his orders and he had one of the worst times of his life. Finally he and all the crew, excepting one man — twelve men — rowed eight or ten miles amidst the breakers to shore in a manner apparently impossible, — seemingly "providential." The one man left refused to go ashore and remained on the vessel, which was fast going to pieces. He was ne\'er heard from afterward. Mr. Bennett is one of the oldest and most cai)able pilots on the river, exercis- ing the greatest care in guiding the course of the various craft that sail to and from the harbors along the Delaw-are. Pie is a member of the Dela- ware River Pilots' Association and of the Pilots' Society. On the 1 2th of February, 1855, Mr. Bennett was united in marriage to Henrietta Hand, a daughter of Recompense Hand, who also was a pilot on the Delaware river. Her grandfather. Recompense Hand, Sr., was born in Cape May county and became an extensive farmer, having a large tract of land at Rio Grande, where his death occurred after he had attained an ad- vanced age. His children, se\'en in number, were Philip. Gideon, Elijah. Rebecca. Rachel, L_\-dia and .\chsah. Recompense Hand, Jr.. the father of CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 223 Mrs. Beimett. was born in Rio Grande, in 1794. and became a Delaware pilot. He erected the fourth liouse in tlie town of Cape May and spent the remauKier of h,s life there, his death occurring at his hom'e on Lafavette street. He owned considerable property and at the time of his demise had one hundred and sixty acres of valuable land near the beach: he had also sold much of his land, but to each of his children he left a tract of consider- able value. H,s political support was given to the Democracy, and in re- ligious belief he was a Presbyterian, a zealous worker in the interests of the church. His hfe ^yas upright and honorable and commanded the respect of all who knew him. He married Nancy Schenck, a daughter of Dr. Schenck a physician at Cold Springs, and one of the oldest medical practitioners of the county. He came to Cape May county with three brothers. All four were physicians and all four became wealthy men. Dr. Schenck. the great-grand- father of Mrs. Bennett, had six children: Robert, who resided in North Carolina, was the captain of a vessel and was lost at sea; William resided at > M 1 ?"^'' "" ''''^™' '^'^ ^"^^ °^ Edward Craft, of New York wife of Wimam Cassidy. a carpenter at Cape May: and Nancy married Re- compense Hand. To Mr. and Mrs. Hand were" born ten children Rob- Se;rs'!ifphlMT"t-^""xi''""'"^^= ''''' ^'- ^^^'^ "— d Matilda Meers. of Philadelphia; Henry H.. who married Eliza Duke; Recompense who married Martha Thompson; William F.. who married Ann M Tom in Na^cy, the wife of Richar.l Thompson; Henrietta, the wife of our s.^T "' Rebecca, the wife of Nicholas Carson; Joseph, who married Josephine War : :?i'h^-ctm::r "-"^ ""^"- -^ ^^^ - --^ -— ^- -^ Mr and Mrs^ Bennett have had ten children: Judson N.. who was born D c mber 17, 1856, and was a Delaware pilot, married Lillian Johnston and la three children -Ella. Harvey and Walter; Ella, born March 2, 1850 - he wife of J Charies ,Moore. a telegraph operator of Chicago and thei; children are Mane and Dudley; Judson D., born February 18, :86i r" Annie and Henrietta; Annie T.. born July 22, 1865, died August ^. 1867' Elizabeth H.. born May 26. 1869. married Ashton J. WilHams. "of Phil-' adelphia. who is a clerk in a pilots' association, having offices in that city and hey have one child, Anna; George W., deceased, born May 29, 1871 W Sie bI; r ""Tr T' :'''• ' ^ ^^^^^-^^^ ^^ ^^^^ Ma/lnd m;n ■ Lizzie Bohn. Louis Cleveland, deceased, born September 30, 1876- and Lewis S., born December 19. 1877. ^ ' Mr. and Mrs. Bennett have a beautiful residence in Cape May. where he 224 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST owns consideraljle \-alua1)le ]M()i>ei"ty. He was fonnerly a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and of the Good Templars' societ\'. Dur- ing the civil war he served as a member of the home guards. He is now connected with the Cape May Building & Loan Association, and in his religious belief is a Baptist. During his long service on the river he has formed a wide acquaintance and Mr. Bennett is to-day one of the popular representatives of his chosen calling in this section of the country. CHARLES V. ARMSTRONG. Charles V'anaman Armstrong is one of the most influential and prom- inent citizens of Alloway, Salem county. New Jersey, and his energy and perseverance have placed him in an enviable position among the business men of to-day. He is a son of James and Allen (Lipsey) Armstrong, and was born in this village July 14. i860. His grandfather, Francis Armstrong, li\'ed in Ireland, but came to America and resided in Woodstown in the latter part of his life and died there when in his eightieth year. He was engaged in the pursuits of husbandry in Mannington township and was actively interested in the success of the Democratic party. He was a mem- ber of the Baptist church at Woodstown and was a zealous worker for the cause of Christianity. He married' Jane Orr, who bore him a large number of children, as follows: James, the father of our subject; Andrew, a minister in the Baptist church, having a pastorate in Avon, New Jersey, where he is now engaged in preaching, although eighty-four summers have passed over his head; Samuel, who was a farmer of Camden, where he died; Mary, who married the Rev. Lemuel Pomeroy; Frank, who was the father of Judge Edward Ambler Armstrong, of Camden, and was twice the speaker of the house of representatives; Eliza, who married a Mr. Dare; and John, who is a contractor and builder of Oakland, California. James Armstrong was b&rn in the Emerald Isle and followed his parents to this country. He was a ship-builder by trade, but was a resident of Alloway at the time of his death. During the iwar of the rebellion he was employed in the contracting department, building bridges, etc. He was a Democrat and a member of the Baptist church, and a good, true man. He married Miss Allen Lipsey, who presented him with seven children, viz.: Mary Ann, the wife of Robert Hewitt, a farmer of Woodstown, and the mother of one child, named Walter; Jane, who married Alfred Kiger. a canncr of Daretown, by whom she has two children, — Nellie and John; William and Eliza, who died in childhood; Margaret, who died at the age CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 225 of fourteen years; Emma F.. who married Miller Jenkins, a farmer, by whom she had five children, — ^Willie, Charles, Raymond, Walter, and Bertha, who died in January, 1897; and Charles V. Charles V. Armstrong received his educational training in the public schools of Alloway. Following this he was engaged in the lumber trade for about twelve years. He then turned his attention to the canning busi- ness, in which he is still engaged, being at present the superintendent of the Alloway Canning Company, of which Luke F. Smith is the proprietor. He makes an able and efficient manager of the plant, as he has a thorough knowledge of the work and retains the confidence and good will of those under his charge. Mr. Armstrong was married February 11, 1891, the lady whom he chose to share with him the vicissitudes of life being Miss Elizabeth W. Strang, of the village of Alloway. In general politics he is a Democrat and is intelligent in forming his opinion on the political outlook. For the past ten years he has been the tax collector for Alloway township, keeping his records in a clear, concise manner and accounting for every pennv of money received by him. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, Oak Lodge, No. 85; Alloway Lodge, No. 187. L O. O. F.; Woodstown Lodge. No. 138. A. F. & A. M.: and Brealey Chapter, No. 6. Except in the chapter, he has filled every office in all these lodges. He is also interested in the State Mutual Building & Loan Association. He is an enterprising, public-spirited man who loses no opportunity in working for the interest of Alloway and is respected and esteemed by a wide circle of friends. CHARLES WAY. Not a man of local repute alone in business, but known also in commer- cial circles throughout the state, Mr. Way's name is synonvmous with honor- able dealing. His life has Ijeen one of untiring activity and has been crowned with a degree of success attained by comparatively few. He is one of the highest type of business men, and none more than he deserves a fitting recognition among the men whose hardy genius and splendid abilities have achieved results that are the admiration of all. In his financial success, unblemished business record and steadily expanding field of useful- ness in life's pursuits. New Jersey may well feel a personal pride and interest. He is in the best sense of the word a representative man. He is a representa- tive of one of the oldest and best known families of New Jersey and was born in New York city. He is a son of Dr. Palmer M. and Ann Amelia (Wilson) n— o 226 BIOGRAPUICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Way. To tlie puljlic-scliool system of Cape JNIay county lie is indebted for tlie educational ])rivileges which he received. When about eighteen year.s of age he init aside his text-books and turned his attention to farming, which he fol- lowed at Ocean \'iew. Later he engaged in business in South Seaville. ac- cepting a clerkship in his father's store, and w'hen he had mastered the principles of commercial interests he was admitted to a partnership and on his father's death became sole proprietor of the general mercantile store, which he still conducts. He carries a large and complete stock of goods, and his efforts to meet the demands of the public, his reasonable prices and his straightforward dealing have secured to him a very liberal patronage. Air. Way exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the Republican party and is deeply interested in its success, yet has never sought or desired political preferment. He is connected with Cannon Lodge, No. 104, F. & A. M., of South Seaville. He is also a mem- ber of Hereford Lodge. L O. O. F.. at Cape-May Court House. He is a consistent and zealous member of Calvary Baptist church, is serving on its board of trustees and for several years has been its treasurer. His home relations are very pleasant, as he was happily married to Jennie F., a daugh- ter of Isaac and Emma (Hand) Swain. They now have two interesting children, — Mabel E. and Helen L. Their acquaintance is wide and they enjoy the warm friendship of many by reason of tlieir estimaljle qualities. WILLL\M RODE. William Rode, one of Swedesboro's most successful business men, was I)orn in Walburg, Hesse-Cassel, Germany, November 21. 1852. and is a son of Andrew and Anna Katherine (Bieerschenk) Rode. Mr. Rode's paternal grandfather had a family composed of the following named members: William, who died in Germany, was for several years a burgomaster there and whose son Henry is now one of the well-to-do citi- zens of Brooklyn. New York; Andrew, who came to the L^iiited States in 1859 and soon bought the Shivler farm near Swedesboro, New Jersey, where he lived till his death in 1884, at the age of sixty years; his wife died in 1879. at the age of fifty-three years; Gertrude, who married and died in Germany; George, deceased, was a blacksmith in Germany; John, who was the father of Andrew C. Rode, whose biography appears in this work; and Gustav, wJio is still living in Germany. The children of Andrew and Anna Katherine (Bieerschenk) Rode were: William, whose name introduces this sketch; An- nie, wife of George Wolfert, a farmer, of Mickleton, New Jersey; Emil, who ^^^^^ l^oJU^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJV JERSEY. 227 is an invalid ; ant! Charles, who is a commission merchant of Philadeli)hia, married Catherine Bauscher and has two children. — George and Lewis. William Rode had just enrolled as a pupil in the public schools of Ger- many when his parents decided upon emigration to this country. After their settlement in Woolwich township. Gloucester countv. New Jersey. he attended the Oak Grove school in this township and also was for a time a student in the Swedesboro Academy. From earlv bovhood he assisted in the work on the farm, and when still in his minoritv began Iniving ])Utter and eggs and marketing them in Philadelphia. This business has grown under his careful management until now he is an extensive dealer in all kinds of farm produce, which he takes by teams to Philadelphia. His place of business in the city has been at Xo. 16 Callowhill street for over twenty-five years. In 1876 he purchased of John Peirson eleven acres of land where he now resides in the suburbs of Swedesboro, and subsequently bought the Taylor Haines farm of forty acres, on which, together with sixty acres of the old homestead farm, he does a general truck-farming business. He also does an extensive business in Swedesboro, including trade in coal, wood, man- ure, etc.. which he brings up Raccoon creek bv boat. Mr. Rode was married July 15. 1875. to Miss Fannie Resting, a daugh- ter of Christian Resting, of Clarksboro, Xew Jersey. They have had nine children, namely: Wilhelmina Catherine, who married Harry T. Ford, and has one child, Helen; George A., who with his brother. Otto, is engaged in running the boats "Theresa" and "Jane Teed" on the Raccoon creek be- tween Philadelphia and Swedesboro, carrying coal, produce, etc. ; Catherine Mary; Otto Christian, who married Miss Elsie Hancock, of Swedesboro, and has one child, Marvin H.; Clara Louisa; Ida Mary; Howard, who died at the age of two and a half years: William J. and Frances Resting. Mr. Rode and family are members of Trinity Episcopal church, of Swedesboro. Since he was twent}'-one he has been a memljer of the I. O. O. F. and of the R. of P., and he is also identified with the A. O. LT. W. and Heptasophs, all of Swedesboro. His political views are those advocated bv the Republican party, and he has held the office of overseer of roads in Wool- wich township. HOWARD V. LOCRE. Howard V. Locke is regarded as one of the most progressive farmers of Gloucester county. New Jersey. He was born in Woolwich township, and is a son of Lawrence and Anna Mariah (Paul) Locke. His education 228 BlOGRAl'lllCAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST was obtained in the public schools and since an early age he has been familiar with the work of the farm. Almost as soon as old enough he began to follow the plow and through the summer months ])erformed such labors as the season demanded until after the crops were harvested in the autumn. For the past twenty years he has had charge of his father's farm, and the well tilled fields indicate his enterprise and progressive business methods. He is also general agent of the Chicopee Fertilizer Company, and during the w inter months, when the work of the farm is practically over, he attends to the establishment and maintenance of agencies in southern New Jersey. In this branch of his business he has been highly successful. Air. Locke is one of the most prominent Masons in Gloucester county, his membership being in the Swedesl)oro Lodge, No. 157, F. & A. M.. in which he is a past master; Siloam Chapter, No. 19, R. A. M.; Cyrene Com- mandery, No. 7, of Camden; and Lulu Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Phila- delphia. He has also been a member of Osceola Lodge, L O. O. F., of Swedesboro, for twenty-six years, and is a past noble grand. In his political connections Mr. Locke is an earnest Republican, believing most firmly in the principles and ultimate triumph of his party. He has served his township as committeeman for ten years and is frequently spoken of in connection with county and state offices, yet has no political aspirations, content to devote his time and energies, as he finds opportunity, to promot- ing the party's interests without official reward for his services. His entire life has been passed in this locality and his career has been an upright one, worthy of the warmest regard which is extended him by his many friends. CHARLES ROYAL HIRES. The bearer of this name scarcely needs an introduction to the residents of Salem county. New Jersey, as he has grown to manhood in their midst and is a member of a family that has been closely identified with the pros- perity and greatest achievements of the county. He was born February I, 1873, at Quinton, and is a son of Charles Hires, Avho has made a brilliant record as a business man of more than ordinary acumen, and whose life is well worthy of emulation. Charles R. Hires attended the public schools of Quinton and then en- tered the Bryant & Stratton Business College, graduating in the class of 1891. He then entered the employment of Hires & Company and remained with them four years, until 1896. The free life of the agriculturist had CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF XEIJ' JERSEY. 229 always appealed to his fancy and shortly after being married he settled on a farm in Mannington township, which he has since made his home, ex- hibiting a taste and adaptability for the occnpation he has chosen that might well be attributed to an older head. This place, now known by the name of Hiresdale Dairy Farm, has been improved and received his closest personal supervision until it' is said to be the finest and best in Salem county. He pursues a general line of farming, but is also deej^ly interested in dairying and keeps a herd of fifty-five Jersey cows. As in other matters pertaining to farm work, he lias made a study of the needs and rec[uirements of his place and has carried on the work in an intelligent and judicious manner, and is reaping the fruits of his wisdom in handsome profits. Mr. Hires was united in marriage with Miss Annie Frances Fogg, daughter of Robert S. Fogg, a prominent and substantial business man of this county, whose biography -it is our privilege to print on another page. This ceremony was solemnized March 4, 1896, and it was at this time Mr. Hires turned his attention to rural life and the pursuits of husbandry. He is a member of the Knights of the Golden Eagle at Ouinton. Puritan Castle, No. 10. and is a member of the Salem Country Cluli. He is a Re- publican in his politics but is not an aspirant for political honors. He is of genial, social disposition and is personally very popular, while his ability and judicious management of his business has commanded the admiration and respect of the commercial world, who have given him their hearty indorsement and praise. JAMES J. DA\^IDSON. A man's reputation is liis choicest property. The laws of nature have forbidden isolation, and communication necessitates a good reputation. Every human being submits to the controlling influence of others and also wields a power for good or evil on the masses of mankind. There can be no improprietv in justly scanning the acts of any man as they aftect his ])ublic. social and business relations. If he be honest and successful in his chosen field of endeavor, investigation will brighten his fame and point the path in which others may follow. One whose record will bear the closest scrutiny and stand the test of public criticism is James Justice David- son, who is numbered among the valued residents of Swedesboro. where he is now acceptably filling the position of postmaster. Mr. Davidson was born in Clarksboro, New Jersey. September 3. 1846, a son of John and Ann (Justice) Davidson. His paternal grandfather was 230 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP TUP I-'IRST a Methodist niiiii-lcr. ;iii(i had se\eii chikh-en, namely: Thomas; John; Samuel; Isaac; Eliz.ihe'lh. the wife of John Hewes; Sarah, the wife of John D. Norton; and Mary, the wife of .William Norton. The father of our subject also was a local Methodist mmister. He was l)orn in 1812. on the farm near Swedeshoro now occupied hy .Mhert Heritage, and his death occin-rcil in i8(_)5. lie married Ann Justice, who was l)orn in 181 1, and died in 1878. In their family were ten children, but five of the number died in early childhood. Those living are: Thomas, a produce shipper of. Swedeshoro; Kiizaljeth. the widow of James Layton and a resident of Penn Grove, New Jersey; Sarah, the widow of William Henry Beckett and a resident of Swedeshoro; James Justice: and INIulford. a farmer of \Voohvich township, Gloucester county. In taking up tiie ]iersonal histor}- of James Justice Da\idson we present to our readers the life record of one who is widely and favorably know'u. He accpiired his education in the Battenton ])ublic schools and the Swedes- l)oro .Academw and has largely added to his fund of general information by pri\-ate study, reading and careful observation of current events. Upon leaving scliool he engaged in farming for three years, after which he l^egan shipping produce over the W'est Jersey Railroad, and successfully conducted that business for five years. He was a pioneer in that line in Swedeshoro and inaugurated what has come to be one of the most important industries of the town, a fact which stands in evidence of his keen business foresight. His earl}' life having been spent u])on a farm and having a strong love for agriculture, he abandoned the shipping business and again turned his at- tention to the cultivation of the soil, in which work he continued until 1885, when he erected a large stone residence on ]\Iain street in Swedeshoro. He took up his abode there and has since made it his home, luit he still owns two fine t.irm,^ in \\'oolwich township. He is a progressive farmer, and through his instrumentality many innovations in the methods of sowing, transplanting, seeding, cultivating, harvesting and marketing garden ]M"od- ucts have been introduced in southern New Jerse}'. On the 31st of December, 1870, Mr. Davidson was united in marriage to Miss Margaret T. Rulon, a daughter of Benjamin Rulon. of W'oolwich township, Gloucester county. Two children were born unto them, but Lenora died at the age of seventeen years. James Justice, their onI\' son. is a student in scliool. and remains with his ]iarents at their jjleasant home in Swedeshoro. In 1883 Mr. Dax'idson was a])i)ointed the jjostmaster of that town, ser\'- ing for a term of four years, and in 1893 he \vas reappointed. During both terms lit conducted the afifairs of the office in a manner higlilv creditable COKGRESSION.-IL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 231 to himself and satisfactory to the patrons. His ]M-ominence and influence in the Democratic party imposed upon him the position of leader in its ranks, and in 1890 he was elected to the legislature, where he served so acceptably that upon the expiration of his term he was re-elected, — an honor rarely conferred upon a Democrat in his district. While a member of the legislature Mr. Davidson won for himself the warm regard not only of his own constituents but of the people in the entire state. He took an active part m the work of the house, and was instrumental in securing the passage of the stone road bill, which is also known as the Davidson bill. The im- portance of this measure cannot well be overestimated, it being in perfect accord with the spirit of rapid transit, a subject which is receiving world- wide attention, and the benefit of which cannot be secured to the rural district only- through the medium of good roads. This measure has also become of more or less national importance, as the bill securing it has served as the precedent in other states. The question of state appropria- tion for county roads had been widely discussed, meeting with the approval of the people generally, but with the opposition of the professional politi- cian. The bill was finally drafted, appropriating twenty thousand dollars for such a purpose. Foreseeing that this amount would not be sufihcient to give the system a proper test, Mr. Davidson succeeded in getting the amount raised to seventy-five thousand dollars, took charge of the bill in the house, also secured its passage in the senate, and a promise previously obtained from the governor made his signature to the bill certain. Thus it will be seen that the good roads in the state of New Jersey have become a lasting memorial to his honest and persistent endeavors to represent ]iroperiy the interests of the people during his terms of of^fice in the legislative Ijody of his state. He \vas also largely instrumental in securing the stone road for Swedesboro. and held the office of supervisor during its construc- tion. Of large means and influence and thoroughly acquainted w4th public afYairs, Mr. Davidson is ever ready to inaugurate and promote the welfare of the community. Altliough a stanch advocate of the Democratic party, he is above all an American citizen and holds public good above partisanship and places general prosperity and progress abc^ve self-aggrandizement. He is a gentleman of marked business and executive ability, of keen foresight and discrimination, forms his plans rapidly, is determined in their execu- tion, and is rarely mistaken in a matter of business policv. He is a valued representative of the public life and political interests of Gloucester county, and with pleasure we present this record of his career to the readers of this \'olume. 232 BIOGR.irinCAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST JOHN F. HARNED. John F. Harned. a prominent attorney and counselor at law, having an office at 424 ^Market street, Camden, was born in this city, March j8. 1857, a son of Henr}' P. and Harriet (Parkerson) Harned. Jonathan, the father of Henn,' P., was born in New York city, a son of Jonathan. Sr.. a soldier in the Revolutionary war. who w^as taken prisoner by the English at the battle of Monmouth and carried to Jamaica. While held by the British Jonathan, Sr., learned the trade of tailor, and after his return to New "S'ork opened a tailoring estaBlishment. and did a successful Inisiness until his death. He lived to the advanced age of ninety-six years. Jonathan. Jr., was for a time a wool merchant in New York, and then removed to Phila- delphia, where he spent the rest of his life, and died at the age of thirty-five. Henry P. Harned learned the trade of cabinet-maker in Philadelphia, worked at it for a number of years as a journeyman, and then went into business for himself. He is now about eighty years of age, and since 1885 he has lived in retirement. Harriet Harned, his wife, was born in Norwich, England, a daughter of Francis Parkerson, a blacksmith. Mr. Parkerson, who was the father of five children, spent the later years of his life in America, first settling- in Charleston, South Carolina, afterward residing in Philadel- phia, and passing his last days in Camden, where he died in 1893. at the age of ninety-nine years and six months. Henry P. Harned had seven chil- dren, of whom four are living, namely: Henry B., an architect in Chicago, Illinois; Thomas B., a member of the Philadelphia and Camden bar; Frank P., a manufacturing chemist, doing business in Philadelphia while residing in Merchantville; and John F., the subject of this sketch. The mother died in 1892, at the age of three score years and ten. She was a member of the First Unitarian church of Philadelphia. The father was a vestryman of St. John's Episcopal church of Camden and one of those who assisted in pro- curing the Seamen's Chapel for use as a church. John F. Harned received his early education in the city schools. Leaving school at the age of thirteen, he went to work as an office boy in the Chester Sugar Refinery. A short time after he obtained employment in the office of the West Jersey Press and the Philadelphia Inquirer, where he learned the trade of printer. During this time he was an evening attendant at the Franklin Institute. After working for a brief period as a journeyman printer he began the study of law with Marmaduke B. Taylor as his preceptor, w ith whom he remained until admitted to the bar as an attorney at the Novemlier term in 1882. Three years later he was admitted as a counselor. He began practice at 317 Market street, where he remained until 1893. when he came CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. ^33 to his present fine office at 424 Market street, opposite tlie Masonic Temple. He makes a specialty of cases relating to titles and general real-estate mat- ters, has a large practice, and is highly esteemed by the bar. He is the so- licitor of various townships and boroughs, also of a number of trust and insurance companies, and a director in the Camden Fire Insurance Associa- tion, the Real Estate Loan & Trust Company, and several other corpora- tions and building and loan associations. In 1888 Mr. Harned married Helen C. Burr, who was born in Camden, a daughter of Jonathan P. and Martha (Eastlake) Burr. Mr. Burr, who was the secretary of the Camden Fire Insurance Association for fifty years, was the father of five children. Mr. and ^Nfrs. Harned have one child, John F. Harned, Jr. In politics Mr. Harned is a Republican. He is a member of Trimble Lodge, No. 117, A. F. & A. M., of Camden; and of the Brotherhood of the LTnion, in which he has held office and been a representative to the Supreme Circle. Mrs. Harned is a member of the First Baptist church, and Mr. Harned of the First Unitarian church. LEWIS T. STEVENS. Lewis Townsend Stevens is a direct descendant through two lines of John Townsend, who removed from Long Island to Cape May in 1695. Henry Stevens and Henry Young Townsend, great-great-grandfathers of our subject on the paternal side, were captains in the Revolutionary war, serving in regiments raised in Cape ^Nlay county for service in the Colonial army in the struggle for independence. Joshua Townsend, a great-grand- father, was a prominent factor in political affairs in the early part of the nineteenth century. He was a member of the general assembly of the state from 1819 to 1821, from 1822 to 1823 and from 1827 until 1830. He was also a member of the New Jersey senate from 1831 until 1834, and in the war of 181 2 he served as a lieutenant of volunteers. Throughout his active business career he was a pilot on the Delaware river, and during the second war with England, while acting as pilot on the Pennsylvania, the vessel was captured. John Stevens, the paternal grandfather of our sub- ject, v\'as also a pilot on the Delaware. William T. Stevens, the father of Lewis T. Stevens, is numbered among the legislators of New Jersey, hav- ing represented his district in the general assembly in the years 1876, 1877 and 1878. For eight years he was a member of the city council of Cape May, and at the present writing, in the fall of 1899, he is a member of the 234 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST l)oar(l of freeholders. By oceiipatioii lie is a cariKMiter and builder, and is now actively associated with the building interests of the county. He mar- ried Almeda H.. a daughter of William S. Hooper, who served as the sheriff of Cape May county from 1856 until 1859. His grandfather, John Hooper, joined the American army in the attempt to overthrow British rule in the colonies, and his brother, William Hooper, was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. \\'illiam Smith, another great-great-grand- father on the maternal side, was the captain of a company raised in Glou- cester county. New Jersey, to oppose British supremacy in the New World. It will thus be seen that the ancestors of Mr. Stevens were valiant warriors in the hostilities that gave rise to the greatest republic on the face of the globe. William S. Hooper, father of Mrs. .\lmeda Stevens, joined the Union army when hostilities were inaugurated between the north and the south, and William T. Stevens, father of our subject, also donned the blue and followed the starry banner upon the battle-fields of the south. Lewis Townsend Stevens, whose name introduces this review, was born in Lower township, now West Cape May, August 22, 1868. He acquired his preliminary education in the public schools of Cape May, and in 1889-90 was a special student in Princeton University. In the months of vacation and when not occupied with the duties of the school-room he devoted his energies to such tasks as would bring him the means necessary to the prose- cution of an education. In his youth he manifested special love for history and literature, antl his knowledge of these branches of learning is com- prehensive and accurate. While still a l)oy he entered a printing-office in Cape May. where he gradually worked his way upward from the position of "devil" to that of editor of a daily journal. His first journalistic venture was made in his school days, when he published a little school paper and contributed to others. In 1893 he was a student in the Metropolis Law School, of New York city, pursuing his studies in that institution in the evening, while his days were devoted to work. It was during that period that he acted as associate editor of the Clothier & Furnisher and the Cloak Review, both of New York. He also carried on an advertising and cor- respondence business, which he still conducts, having prosecuted his labors in that line for ten years. From 1897 until 1899 he was the editor of the Cape May Wave. His literary labors have been further continued by the compilation and publication of various historical works. In 1897 he com- pleted a work to which he had devoted his leisure hours through ten years, called the History of Cape May county. It is a purely historical work, of four hundred and eighty pages, and is now one of the standard authorities in New Jersey, embracing the record of important public e\ents between the COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 235 years 1640 and 1897. In tlie latter year he also compiled the Charter and Ordinances of the city of Ca])e .May,— a volume of two hundred pages. As a parHamentarian he also enjovs a very enviable reputation, and on account of his ability in that direction he is frequently called upon to preside at public assemblages. He has maintained his residence at Cape May throu£;-h- out his entire life except during the year 1893. ^vhen he resided in New York city. Mr. Stevens has attained prominence in political circles and is a recog- nized leader in the local ranks of the Republican party, whose principles he warmly advocates. In 1892 he was elected a member of the city council of Cape May. serving for three years, and in 1894 was president of that body. In 1899 he was chosen the ta.x receiver for Cape Mav, and in 1898 he was made a referee in bankruptcy for the district of New Jersey. He has been a delegate to numerous Republican conventions, and for five years has been a member of the state executive committee of the Republican League of Clubs of New Jersey. Socially he is connected with four secret orders, but does not lake an active part in the lodge-room work. He is now past master of Columbia Lodge. No. 2^. Independent Order of Mechanics, and for several years served as its treasurer. Religiously he is an adherent of the Episcopal faith, and his temperance principl^es are mani- fest in his strict abstinence from liquor and tobacco, yet he does not pretend to dictate to others the course they should pursue in this regard. On the nth of October. 1894, Mr. Stevens was united in^'marriage. in Xew \ork. to Grace Anna Merwin. a representative of two of the most prominent families of Orange county. New York, the Thealls and the Lewises, the latter an old colonial family that furnished to the patriot army a number of its \aliant soldiers. David S. Merwin, father of Mrs. Stevens, followed the starry banner upon the battlefields of the south. He is a relative of the David Merwin, whom W^ashington Irving immortalized in the character of Ichabod Crane in the Legend of Sleepy Hollow. Mr. and Mrs. Stevens have one son. Hobart Merwin, who was born October 17, 1896. GEORGE H. CRAFT. Throughout his entire life George H. Craft has resided in Gloucester county, his birth having occurred at -Mullica Hill, on the 4th of September. 1857. He is a son of William and Amanda (Aborn) Craft, the former a native of Philadelphia and the latter of Gloucester county. By their mar- riage the\- became the parents of eight children, of whom George is the eldest, the others l:)eing Samuel, who makes his home in Repaupo; Parker, 236 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST a resident of Pennsylvania; Ella, the wife of Thomas Wrioht. a blacksmith, of Paulsboro: Anna, who died at the age of fourteen years: Harry, who died in infancy; Edward, who is in the employ of the West Jersey Seashore Railroad Company; and Howard, who is in the employ of the West Jersey Railroad Company. There is no great ditiference in the way in which boys spend their time or the opportunities that are afforded them, and the history of almost all men shows that the duties of the school-room occupied the greater part of their attention in youth. Mr. Craft attended both public and private schools and acquired a good knowledge that fitted him for the practical and responsible affairs of life. In the fall of 1882 he accepted a position in the laboratory of the Gibbstown Powder Works, where he continued until the 9th of May. 1898. — a long period considering the dangers which beset one who pursues that occupation. During the past two years, however, he has devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits, and is the owner of a farm lying in the outskirts of Repaupo and another just below Repaupo Station. He is also a stockholder in the State Mutual Building & Loan Association. Marked perseverance and persistence in the pursuit of purpose have been his chief characteristics and have been the means of bringing to him the success he has acquired. On the 31st of December, 1881, Mr. Craft was united in marriage to Miss Deborah Johnson, a daughter of John Johnson, of Logan township, and to them were born two children, but George H. died in infancy. The sur\'iving child is Ella Arietta. Mr. and Airs. Craft hold membership in the Asbury Methodist Episcopal church of Repaupo. and take a very active part in its work. He has served as steward, is now trustee and has been the president of the Epworth League. He is a past commander of Swedesboro Lodge. K. of P.. and is a member of the Swedesboro Grange. His political support is given to the Democracy, and for eight years he has served on the election board, is now commissioner of appeals and a member of the county Democratic executive committee. He is a recognized leader in political circles in Gloucester county, and in church work, and does all in his power to secure progress and reform along moral, intellectual, social and material lines. SA:\IUEL J. DUBOIS. The subject of this sketch. Samuel Johnson DuBois. who resides near Daretown. New Jersey, a short distance from the old DuBois homestead. W'here he was born, is a representative of one of the old families of this part CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 237 of the state. Tliey trace their origin back to the French Huguenots who came to America nearly two and a half centuries ago, seeking religious free- dom. Louis DuEois, the progenitor of the family in America, came from France, his nati\e land, to this country in 1660, and acquired a large tract of land in Salem county. New Jersey. From him was descended in direct line Jacob DuBois, born in New York state, October 16, 1661 ; Louis DuBois, who also was born in New York state in 1695, and who married Margaret Jansen, May 22, 1720; Mathew DuBois, who was born in 1722, and who man'ied Jacominta Newkirk; Louis DuBois, who was born in Pittsgrove. New Jersey, in 1755, and who married Rebecca Craig, December 22, 1777; and Samuel DuBois, the father of the subject of this sketch. Louis DuBois, the great-grandfather of Samuel, gave one hundred and si.xty acres of land to the Presbyterian church at Daretown. He was a soldier in the Revolu- tionary war under Washington and held the rank of colonel in the army. Samuel DuBois was a farmer all his life, owning and cultivating two hun- dred acres of land; was born, lived and died on the farm, a portion of which his son S. J. now owns and occupies. His death occurred in May, 1873. January 24, 1824, he married Miss Mary Johnson, a daughter of Commo- dore Isaac Johnson, a large land owner and a prominent man and a veteran of the war of 1812. She died in 1876. Seven children were born to them, namely: Rebecca, the wife of C. M. Streeper, Atchison, Kansas; Adaline, the widow of Jacob Keeley, also of Atchison; Mary Jane, the wife of Bloom- lield Wall, Fairfield, Iowa; Louis P., who married Sarah J. Jones, of Elmer. New Jersey, but now of Atchison, Kansas; Emeline, the wife of Daniel Hitchner, of Kansas; Eliza, the wife of Harmon Hitchner, of Elmer, New Jersey; and Samuel J., whose name introduces this sketch. S. J. DuBois spent his boyhood days on his father's farm, working on the farm in summer and attending the public schools in winter. In 1864 he went to Atchison. Kansas, where for some time he was in the employ of the Wells-Fargo Express Company. Later he engaged in the cattle business with Governor Glick. In 1869, returning to New Jersey, he bought sixty acres of the home farm, and here he has since resided, conducting the farm and making a specially of the stock business, raising registered Guernsey cattle and commanding the highest market price for his dairy products. Mr. DuBois married, March 18, 1869, Miss Emily Harding, a daughter of Thomas Harding; and they are the parents of five children, namely: T. Harding; Fannie, the wife of George J. W^are; Emma, the wife of Thomas E. Brooks; and T. H. and Lou Ella DuBois. As a citizen Mr. DuBois is much respectefl. 238 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE PIRST BENJAMIN V. WOOD. One of the most familiar figures in Salem is ISeniamin l^ranklin Wood, wlio for more tlian two score years has served the i)ulilic in official positions of responsibility and trust. He also has l)een associated with numerous local industries and enterjjrises. in e\'ery possible manner advancing the interests of his town and locality. On the paternal side the ancestors of Mr. Wood were Germans; but the family has been represented in this county for several generations. His grandfather, Henry Wood, cnltixated a farm of one hundred and fifty acres in Mannington township. Salem county. In his politics he was a W'hig. and in religion a member of the Presbyterian church, but friendly also to all other Christian societies. Death claimed him when he was about sixty year? of age, and all of his twelve or thirteen children also have passed away. Wil- liam W^ was the principal of one of the Philadelphia public schools for many years. Benjamin F., who was drowned in the Mississippi river, was a leading merchant of Bloomington, Illinois, owning a general store and speculating extensively in land. Richard and John, farmers, died in early manhood in this county. Ann became the wife of \\'illiam A. Baker, a farmer of Mannington township, this cf)unty. Rosanna married George Githens, a blacksmith of Canton, Salem county. Joseph was the father of our subject, and the other brothers and sisters died when young. The birth of Jose]:)h H. Wood occurred in the opening year of this cen- tury, and throughout his life he was a farmer of Mannington township, cul- tivating a fine homestead of one hundred and fifty acres. He died in the prime of manhood, in 1839, and was survived some years by his wife. Hannah V. (Brown) Wood, who was summoned to the silent land August 14, 1863, when she was sixty years of age. They were devoted members of the Presbyterian church and were loved and respected by every one. Their six children were as follows: Richard, who was drowned at sea about the time that he attained his majority; Joseph, a blacksmith, of Bridgeton, New Jersey, whose wife was formerly Matilda Ogden; Emily Anna, who died in May, 1894, and whose husband, .\le.xander Dubois, has been coiuiected with the Philadelphia Ledger for the past forty-fi\-e _\ears: Phoebe, the wife of Charles M. Bisbing, who at jiresent is engaged in the manufacture of cigars in Philadelphia; John, who died at the age of ten years, as the result of an accident; Hannah and Rebecca, who died in infancy. Benjamin F. Wood was born on the old homestead in Mannington town- ship, Salem county, August 13, 1837. and was educated in the common schools and Salem Academv. After leaving school he engaged in farming /\j VAAACWv-vvw \J ' VAj-VJ-o-iV^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 239 for a year and then learned the blacksmith's trade, at which, however, he worked only two years, then turning his attention to other pursuits on account of his poor health. Obtaining a clerkship in a store, he continued in that capacity for three years, after which he accepted a position in the office of the county clerk, where he was employed for several vears. Xext he took up the study of law, with F. L. McCollough as his preceptor, but at the end of two years was obliged to abandon this undertaking and in its stead became interested in conveyancing, and has followed this ever since. For twenty-one consecutive years, from 1858 to 1879, he served as a deputy sherifif. In May, 1868, he was elected to the oiifice of justice of the peace, and acted in that capacity for seven terms. In 1873 he w-as elected engrossing clerk of the senate and served for three years, and for forty-two years has transacted most of the legal business connected with the sheriff's office, besides holding numerous minor positions connected with the county ofTfices. For a period he was a clerk in the post-office, and for five }'ears was in the internal revenue service; was deputy collector in that department for eight years, and for seven years was in the surrogate's office. Active in the ranks of the Republican party, he has given special attention to local poli- tics, and in 1869 was elected as a member of the common council of Salem and served three years. In 1879 he was honored by election to the mayor's chair, which position he filled with credit for three years, and following that he w'as a member of the council again for six years. On all matters pertain- ing to the business of the county and town, he is justly considered an au- thority, and no one could well be more vitally interested in the subject than he. When the Franklin Building & Loan Association was organized, April i. 1861, he was made one of its first directors, and from that time until the present he has been actively connected with it, now being the only one of the original board of directors left. For thirty-five years he was the chair- man of its loan committee, and for the past four years he has held the office of secretary of the company. For many years he has been engaged in the real-estate and insurance business, and through his patriotism and zeal some of our best citizens have been induced to locate their homes or business here. He is a member of the local board of trade, and is connected with the Knights of Pythias. The marriage of Mr. Wood and Miss Margaret D. Conover was solem- nized March 11. 1857. She is a daughter of Henry R. Conover, who was engaged in the milling business at Cedarville, Cumberland county, this state. Five children were born to our subject and wife: Benjamin F.. Jr., an enter- prising young man. assists his father in his numerous business enterprises; 240 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and Alice M. and Elsie A. Alice M. is unmarried and at home; Elsie A. Wood was married, October 28. 1899, to Robert S. Faris, who is the in- dustrial editor of The Pittsburg- Times: while the two youngest children died in infancy. WILLIAM J^IORRIS. This gentleman belongs to a family whose ancestral tree has spread its influential branches in Salem county, having been planted here at a very early day, when the country was entirely unsettled. It has grown and flourished for generations, until the present day, when its younger members are among the most influential and esteemed residents of the county. Christopher Morris, who was William Morris' great-grandfather, was one of the public men of Sharptown during the early days of the village and occupied a prominent place in the community. He had three children, — William, Rachel and Martha. William was for many years a merchant and general trader of that village and also carried on farming. He was a man of strong force of character whose influence in that section was almost unlim- ited. He married Elizabeth Humphries, by whom he had eight children, and of these John H., the father of our subject, was the eldest. Then came Lydia. Elizabeth, Josiah, William, Samuel, Amanda and Emma Jane. John H. Morris was born in Penn's Neck township, this county, July 21. 1814, and engaged in farming in Mannington township until 1863, when he moved to Salem and was not actively engaged in business for several years. In 1877 he purchased the business of W. R. Hunt, successor of Hall, Dunn & Hunt, manufacturers of oil-cloth in this city. Two years later he purchased the Fenwick Oil Cloth Works and subsequently built the Salem Oil Cloth Works and continued in that business there until his death, when he was succeeded by his son. He possessed energy, decision, industry and per- severance to carry to a successful termination any project which he espoused, and his prosperous business career was but the result of these qualities. He was economical and quiet in his tastes and unpretentious in his manner. He w^as in close sympathy with the Republican party and filled some of the township offices, although he was not an aspirant for political honors. He married Mary H. Stretch, a daughter of Mark Stretch, by whom he had four children, only one of whom grew to adult years. William Morris is a son of John H. and Mary H. (Stretch) Alorris, and was born in Mannington township, Salem county, February 5, 1847. He was reared on a farm and followed agricultural pursuits for several years, cultivating one hundred and twenty-five acres of land in Ouinton township. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEV. 241 until 1880, when he moved to Salem and was associated witli his father in the manufacture of oil-cloth. After the death of his father, September 17, 1879, he succeeded to the entire business and has had an extensive and profit- able trade. The plant occupies about ten acres and is a large brick and frame structure, where one hundred men found constant employment, at o-ood wages, until recent years, when, in 1898. dull business caused it to be dis- continued. j\Ir. Morris still owns the plant, together with a considerable estate. He has amassed quite a fortune and can afford to take life easy for the remainder of his days if he is so disposed. He is a member of the Republican party, is a prominent member of the Country Club and of the Fenwick Club, and also of the Art Club in Philadelphia. He is of a social, genial disposition. His marriage to Miss Lydia K., a daughter of Joseph Waddington, in 1880, has been honored by the birth of two children: Mary H., now attend- ing college; and W. Hermann Morris. JOHN SCOTT BATTEN. About 1700 Sir Francis Batten came to America from England, and. probably by sailing up the Delaware river, reached a point about three miles from Swedesborc on the Franklinville road, where he settled and took up a large tract of land, the greater part of which has since been occupied by his descendants. His son Thomas, born January 9. 1738, was marriefl. March 24, 1766, to Jane Ann Scott, who was born January 12, 1744, and who lived for some years in Burlington county, New Jersey. The fruits of their union were the follow^ing named children: Zillah. born August 29. 1767, married Thomas Flich, of Logan township, Gloucester countv. New Jersey; Ann, born April 16, 1769, married John Gill, of Woolwich township, Gloucester county: Jane, born February 19, 1771; Joseph, May 9, 1773: Thomas, August 5, 1775: Zebulon, August 28, 1778: Mary, born October 22. 1780, married Nicholas Justice, of Logan township; and John, born May 2. 1787. The last named, John, married Lydia Hendrickson, bv whom he had the following named children: Sarah, who married Leonard Paul; Mary G., who died at the age of forty-five years; William W.. who died at the age of fifty years; John Scott, whose name introduces this article: Lydia, the widow of Jeremiah A-dams. of Woolwich township, has three children- Emeline, deceased; and Isabella (twin of Emeline), who has been twice mar- ried, first to Augustus sailor and after his death to Samuel Grofif, of Swedes- boro. 242 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST John Scott Batten was born August 12, 1823, in Woolwich township, Gloucester county, New Jersey, and was reared and educated in his native tow-nship, receiving his education in the common schools and the Swedes- boro Academy. He remained on the farm with his father until his marriage, and after that occupied an adjoining farm, which his father owned and which his son Jonathan noAV owns. Our subject still owns the old homestead. In 1885, however, he retired from the farm, purchased and remodeled the resi- dence he has since occupied in Swedesboro, and for the past fourteen years has been retired from active life. His home is one of the best appointed and most pleasant ones in southern New Jersey. Mr. Batten was married February 15, 1849, to Miss Elizabeth V. Atkin- son, a daughter of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Allen) Atkinson, of Mount Ephraim, New Jersey. They have had five children, viz.: Amanda, who died at the age of seven years; Jonathan A., who owns and is farming a part of the old homestead, married Kate H. IMoore, a daughter of Dayton and Martha (Weatherby) Moore, and they have two children, — May H. and John Scott. Jr.; Emeline, at home; Elizabeth, who married Carlton E. Rulon, a farmer near Swedesboro, and they have two children, — Isabella and Florence; and Isabella, deceased, was the wife of George Jones, a harness- maker of Swedesboro. Mr. Batten and family are members of the Episcopal church, of Swedes- boro, of which he has been a member since 1856, a vestryman since 1858, and senior warden from 1880 to 1898, when he resigned. Mrs. Batten has been a teacher in the Sunday-school for nineteen years. Mr. Batten has for several years been a member of the Swedesboro Grange. He is a stanch Republican, but has refused rather than sought public office. PAUL DEHNER. The subject of this biography, one of the honored citizens and worthy agriculturists of West Deptford township, Gloucester county, is a descend- ant of sterling German ancestors, and possesses many of the leading and best characteristics of the Teutonic race. Following in the footsteps of his father and many preceding generations; he has given his attention to the tilling of the soil and has won success and a competence by hard, persistent labor. His homestead is a model of neatness, well cultivated fields, sub- stantial buildings and fences, and he has just cause to be proud of what he has achieved. In tracing his historv, it is learned that Mr. Dehner was born in the CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. ^43 township in wliich he is still making his home, the date of his nativity being October 13, 1865. His parents, John and Frederica Dehner. were born and reared in Germany, and several decades ago they decided to cast in their fortunes with the inhabitants of the United States. Coming to these hos- pitable shores, they located in this state, and carried on a farm with the untiring energy and application to purpose, which their children early sought to emulate. From boyhood, therefore, Paul Dehner was trained in the principles of business which, followed out with innate perseverance, ultimately brought success and influence. An important move made in his early manhood was his marriage to Anna Barnaby, a daughter of Levi and Ellen Barnaby, at Woodbury, September 10, 1889. Four children bless their happy home, named respectively Milford, Freda, Paul and Hellen. The family attend the Baptist church and contrilnite liberally of their means and influence to the promotion of religion, education and charitable enterprises. Mr. Dehner is a member of the Improved order of Red ]\Ien, and is a stanch Republican in his political attitude. He thoroughly merits the deep respect and genuine esteem in which he is held by his neighbors and associates, and, as far as known, he has no enemies. EVAN D. PEARSON. Evan Davis Pearson, who conducts a wagon and blacksmith shop at Hurf^ville, Gloucester county, New Jersey, will form the subject of this biographical noti'ce. He was born of English parentage in the same section in which he now lives, March 4, 1843, ^ son of Sampson and Judith (Engle- man) Pearson, who were the parents of eleven children. The four still living are: Charles, of Blackwoodtown; Jerry, of Hurf¥ville: our subject; and Rhoda, the wife of M. Turner, of Woodliury. Our subject's father came from England in 1823, settled in Ohio, and in this township in 1830. He kept a large store at Creesville, and also did a large business in charcoal. He was finally murdered, in Philadelphia, in 1848, and his bodv was thrown into the Schuylkill river. His wife died in July, 1864. At the age of fourteen years our subject left the common schools and went to learn the blacksmith's trade under David Ward. In 1866 he went into partnership with Mr. Ward, and the partnership was only ended by the death of Mr. Ward. Since that time — 1874 — our subject has operated alone. He has made a large number of wagons, light and heav\-, and makes a spe- cialty of horse-shoeing. 244 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Always a Democrat, he is pul)lic-si)inte(l and has been favored with local offices, including township committeeman, president of the school board, etc. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal- church and one of the trustees. He belongs to the Knights of Pythias fraternity, which he joined twenty-five years a^o, and was a charter member of Jefiferson Lodge at Hurfifville. He has served his lodge as the keeper of the exchequer and has passed all the chairs. He also belongs to the Junior Order of American Mechanics, the Knights of the Mystic Chain and the Grange Society. He has been a hard worker and has been repaid by the accumulation of a hand- some property. In 1865 he married Sarah A. W'adsworth. also a native of England, but then of Hurffville. Of their six children, the four living are as follows: Joseph and Clarence C. who. having learned their father's trade, are aiding him in his business: Frank and Estella. at home. Our subject has, by reason of his honor and industry, formed a large circle of friends, thus proving that it pays to live a correct life. J. CLARK HELMS. ^Ir. Helms, of this review, is one of the most extensive dealers in Glou- cester countv. and the volume of his business has made him one of the sub- stantial residents of the community. He makes his home in Repaupo, and was born on the farm near the town, now occupied by Henry Shoemaker. His natal day was June 13, 1854, and his parents were John S. and Mary (Clark) Helms. . His paternal grandfather, Hance Helms, resided near Re- paupo, and his maternal grandfather. Joseph Clark, was a resident of Bridge- port, New Jersey. John S. Helms, the father of our subject, died on the 9th of February, 1893, at the age of seventy-two years, and his mother now re- sides in Bridgeport. In their family were five children: Sarah, the de- ceased wife of Henry Shoemaker, of Repaupo; Meribah, who lives with her mother: Hannah, the deceased wife of E. H. Turner, of Harrisonville, New- Jersey: Joseph Clark, of this review: and Mary Ella, who is successfully engaged in teaching. J. Clark Helms acquired his prelnninary education in the public schools of Repaupo and Woodbury and later was a student in Wyoming Seniinarj\ of Kingston, Pennsylvania. On the completion of his education he turned his attention to farming, which he has since followed with great success. For twenty-one years he has resided upon his present farm, which he purchased in 1878, and the improvement of which he has superintended. The place ^^J^u^^.^^. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 245 comprises sixty-five acres, all of w hich are under a iiigh state of culti\-ation. He has erected thereon a fine residence and good out-buildings, and by the addition of other improvements has added to its value and attractive appear- ance. In addition he owns another farm, of seventy-five acres, near Bridge- port. He has also dealt in poultry for many years, and since 1890 has Iseen accounted one of the most extensive dealers in this line in the state. He raises fine varieties and his excellent care of them makes them particularly valuable upon the market. He is a man of resourceful business ability whose eft'orts have not been confined to one line alone: and now, in addition to farming and poultry-raising, he is ser\ing as one of the directors of the Swedesboro National Bank, in which he holds considerable stock. On the 7th of November, 1877, :\Ir. Helms was united in marriage to ]\liss Valinda M. Sheets, a daughter of John Sheets, of Bridgeport. They have four children: Bertha R.; Sarah S.: Valinda. who died at the age of three years: and John C. In 1888. Mr. Helms was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died in July, of that year. On the 4th of Decem- ber. 1890, he was again married, his second union being with Ellen B. Sharp. Mrs. Helms was bom in Bridgeport, February 19. i860, a daughter of George S. Sharp, of that place. At the age of eighteen years she became a teacher, following the profession in Bridgeport, Center Square and Martin- ville, and was very popular, teaching the most of the time in her native town. She is a lady of many fine qualities and an active brain, assisting her husband in carrying on his extensive business, as she has a fine business ability. Since 1867 Mr. Helms has been a member of Repaupo Methodist Epis- copal church, has taken a very active part in its work, contributes largely to its support and was for several years president of its board of trustees. He is a member of Osceola Lodge, No. 75, I. O. O. F., of Swedesboro. and is also a member of the Swedesboro Grange. In politics he is an independent voter, unswerving in his support of his principles. He was assessor of Logan township from 1889 until 1897, his long continuance in the office well in- dicatmg his fidelity to duty. He is a man of keen discernment in business affairs, of sound judgment and of marked industry, and his success may be attributed entirely to his own efforts. BEXJAMIX F. BURT. Among the former residents of Whig Lane. Salem county. New Jersey, who took a prominent part in the development of the county and are espe- cially worthy of mention as enterprising and reputable citizens, was Benja- 246 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST mill F. Burt, now deceased: and it affords us great satisfaction to pay a tribute to tlie memory of so good a man. He was l)orn May 14. 1819. near Barnsboro. Gloucester county, this state, a son of Richard Burt, of Cedarville, Cumberland county, and a grand- son of Richard Burt, of Cedarville, whose father. John, was a native of the same neighborhood. The father moved near Pole Tavern, where his last days were spent. Benjamin F. Burt received a common-school education and began farming at an early age. He moved upon the farm now occupied by his widow, in 1845. ''"d there made his home until he entered the home everlasting May 17. 1873. He was endowed with exceptional business quali- fications, was a hard worker and a very prosperous farmer, having the love and respect of his neighbors for his many admirable qualities. He was mar- ried November 13. 1845, to Miss Experience Richman. a daughter of Jona- than Richman. and their union was blessed by the birth of four children, two of whom — Charles R. and Francis A. — are at home. I\Ir. Burt was a devout member of the Presbyterian church at Daretown. and held the office of elder for several years. He was the collector of the township for many years and held the confidence of the people to a remark- able extent. He was kind and aft'ectionate in his family, a good neighbor, charitable to those deserving of charity, and in his death Salem county lost one of her noblest men. LUTHER T. GARRETSOX. .\mong the enterprising merchants of Cape May Court House is Luther Townsend Garretson. who to-day conducts a well equipped store containing a large stock of boots and shoes and men's furnishing goods, and by his hon- orable business methods, his desire and efforts to please and his reliability in all trade transactions he has secured a liberal patronage. Mr. Garretson is one of the younger representatives of the business inter- ests of the county seat, his birth having occurred on the 20th of November, 1870. at Green Creek, Cape !May county. He is a son of Townsend W. and Hannah (Eldredge) Garretson. His paternal great-grandfather. Job Gar- retson, resided near Beverley's Point. Cape May county, but died in Atlantic county. He was identified with the Society of Friends, and married Rachel Townsend. His death occurred in 1854. at the age of seventy-six years, and his wife passed away in 1856. when she had attained the age of eighty-one years. They became the parents of three children: Reuben, the grandfather of our subject: Elizabeth, wife of Closes Williams, a farmer, by whom she had five children, — ^John, David. Nancy, Elizabeth and Moses; and Caleb, COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF XEJr JERSEY. 047 who married Mary W'eldon and resided in Salem countv. Xew Terser Reuben Garretson resided :n Tuckahoe. Neu- Jersey, and afterward removed h . .? c "P ^'' '''°^' '" -^*'^"^'^ '^^""ty- He also was a mem- ber of the Society of Friends and was a man of upright life which com- manded pubhc confidence. He married Hannah Worth, a daughter of Townsend Worth who removed from South Carolina to New Jersey. His half brother was Governor Haskins. at one time the chief executive of the omer state. Townsend Worth was an extensive land-owner and held vah' G s'TeI"- : "'''"' ''"-■ '"'"• '-^"^^ ''''' ^'^'■^-" -- Hannah; Giles and Ehas who were sea captains; Mary, wife of George Work a pnn er of Ph, adelph.a; and Rachel, wife of John Dukes, a butcher. Town send Wor^h d.ed at the age of forty years, but his wife long survived him and passed away at the age of eighty years. Reuben Garretson. the gra^id awa> ,n 1894 when about e.ght.v-eight years of age. They had five chil- dren. Job. who ,s hvmg in California, was interested in mining there and at one t„.e served as sheniY of Siskiyou county. Reuben L.. who was formerlv a sea captam. but is now following farming in Tuckahoe. New Jersev mar'- s"on"f cT ' M ^" ''";'■;■• • ''''""^^ " ^'^ '''''''' ^^-'^^ °f J----'^ John- ston, of Cape May and their son. Reuben L.. is a merchant of Erma.'Xew J^^ M^ IS the wife of George L. Dukes, a sea captain and farmer o Plfad M ' r';,-' "" '^'''"" ''' ''°'''-'-' J- ^ '"-1-^ --chant of Pluladelphia; \\ Uham and George, who are farmers at Tuckahoe- Martha, wife of William Champion, a hardware merchant of Millville- and Mary at home Rachel was twice married, her second husband being Dr W ilhams, of Maryland, by whom she has two cmidren. Mary and Anna ' ■ , I VZT^ g'-andfather of our subject is Ephraim Eldredge. who re- Kled in Middle township, Cape May county, where he carried on agricul- tural pursuits. He married Rachel Gofif, and they had three children: Duf- fle, who xvas a farmer; Hannah, mother of our subject; and Rebecca wife of Thomas Evans, who resides in Middle township. The grandfather died in 189/. at the age of eighty-six years, and his wife passed awav in 1895 at the age of eighty-six. He held a membership in the Meth;dist Episcopal church, took an active part in its work and lived a consistent Christian life Townsend W. Garretson. the father of our subject, was born at Ocean \ lew. Cape May county, and resided for many years in Tuckahoe. He also spent eighteen years in California, where he was engaged in mining gold and m other business interests, manufacturing turpentine on an extensive scale He resided at different places in the Golden state, and upon his return to the 248 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE PIRST east located at Green Creek, Cape May county, where he owned and cared for six hundred acres of land. Since 1879, however, he has lived a retired life in Cape May Court House. He holds many mortgages and is the owner of much valuable real estate in different parts of the county. In politics he is a Democrat and for several years served as freeholder. He is still living, at the age of seventy-h\'e years, hut his wife passed away in iS8(j, at the age of fifty-four years. Luther T. Garretson is indebted to the public-school system of Cape May Court House for the educational privileges he received and his business train- ing was obtained in Pricket's Business College, in which he was graduated in 1891. He then established his present business in Cape May Court House, where he carries a large and well selected stock and is meeting with excellent success. He has also become an active factor in the various interests which constitute the public life of the town and gives his support to all measures calculated to prove a pul)lic benefit. He gives his political influence to the Democracy, and has served as township trustee. Socially he is connected with Ponemah Tribe, No. 163, Improved Order of Red Men; of Arbutus Lodge, No. 70, F. & A. M.: is a member and secretary and treasurer of the Cape May County Agricultural Society, and holds a membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. On the 17th of November, 1891, Mr. Garretson was united in mar- riage to Miss Ida E. Hand, a daughter of German Hand, a sea captain of Atlantic county, and they have four children, — Audley, Ida, Edmund and Emily. Mr. and Mrs. Garretson occu])y a jirominent position in social circles and their own pleasant home is noted for its hos])itality. GEORGE WOLFERTH. Upon one of the highly cultivated farms of East Greenwich township, Gloucester county, near Tomlin Station, resides this well known and enter- prising agriculturist, who came from Germany to seek a home in .America, and has found here the opportunities for advancement which were not afforded him in the Old World. He was born in Wurtemberg, August 13, 1845. and is a son of John and Freclerika (Beltz) Wolferth. His father was a farmer and silent his entire life in Germany. In the family were five chil- dren: Christena, wife of Jacob Meal, of Germany: Christian, whose sketch appears on another page of this work: Godfred, who went to California many years ago and has not been heard from si«ce; George, of this review; and Caroline, wife of Michael Ley, of Paulsboro, New Jersey. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 249 In the Fatherland George Wolferth acquired his education and in early life became familiar with the labors of the farm. At length he determined to cross the Atlantic, believing that better advantages were here afforded young men than in the older countries of Europe. On the 6th of December, 1866. he landed at New York, and for ten years thereafter worked for his brother Christian. On the expiration of that period, with the capital that he had acquired through his own efforts, he purchased his present farm of ninety acres, and in 1896 he erected thereon a beautiful residence, which is one of the best country homes in the neighborhood. He has also repaired the outbuildings and erected new ones, so that he is to-day the owner of one of the best improved farms in the locality. He makes a specialty of the rais- ing of garden products for the city markets, and the excellence of the vege- tables which he produces enables him to command the highest market prices. Mr. Wolferth was married, on the 26th of February, 1874, to Miss Annie Rode, of Swedesboro. Both he and his wife are consistent and faithful mem- bers of the German Evangelical Association of Clarksboro. and he is a mem- ber of the Ancient Order of United Workmen of Swedesboro and of the Mickleton Grange. His enterprise and energy have enabled him to advance steadily on the road to progress and prosperity, and he is now regarded as one of the substantial citizens of the community. He takes a deep and abid- ing interest in everything pertaining to the welfare of his adopted county, and gives his aid and co-operation to many movements for the public good. The hope that led him to leave his native land and seek a home in the United States has been more than realized. He found the opportunities he sought, —which, by the way, are always open to ambitious and energetic men, — and making the best of these he has steadily worked his way upward. He pos- sesses the resolution, perseverance and reliability so characteristic of people of his nationality, and his name is now enrolled among the best citizens of southern Xew Jersey. ALBERT S. FOGG. One of the most enterprising farmers of Lower AUoway Creek town- ship, Albert S. Fogg, was born near Harmersville. in that township, Jan- uary 23, 1852, and is a son of Caleb S. and Annie M. (Moskell) Fogg. In his father's family there were five children: Albert S.; Melvina C, the wife of a farmer near Harmersville; Lucy W., who died the wife of William Paget; Emma L., who married Abraham D. Shimp; and Abbie, who mar- 250 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE FIRST ried William F. Shini]), — all of whom reside in Lower Alloway Creek town- ship. Mr. Fcgg; was educated in the pulilic schools of liis native township and the Friends' school at Salem, and has always followed farming. In 1880 he located on his present place on Stoe Neck, which is the old Bradway homestead. lie has here one of the finest and best managed farms in the township. He was married, January 18, 1876, to Harriet T. Hancock, a daughter of Richard and Mary (Turner) Hancock, of Lower Alloway Creek. They have eight children: C. Howard and Mary, twins, the latter of whom died at the age of four and a half months; Elizabeth T., Luke S., John M., Rich- ard H., Fannie F. and Mary E. R. Mr. Fogg and family worship at the Canton Baptist church. He is a member of the Grange, has been several times the overseer of the township, and is now the commissioner of appeals. ALBERT L. STURR. Considerably more than a century ago the Sturr family was founded in America by a native of Sweden, and the paternal great-grandfather of the subject of this memoir was a soldier in the war for independence. Isaac Sturr, the next in the line of descent, died when a young man, a victim to the dreaded scourge, yellow fex'er. The family were first located in Dela- ware, then near the Hudson river, in Xew York state, and finally came to New Jersey, settling in Passaic county, since which time they have been associated with the development of this state. The father of our subject, Peter I. Sturr, was born in the Empire state, and in his early manhood went to Manchester township, Passaic county, where he engaged in farming and in dealing in lumber. He com- menced life a poor boy and by his own well directed energy accumulated a goodly fortune. For some eight years he served in the capacity of town- ship assessor and at various times he held other local offices. He died in 1890, mourned sincerely by all who knew him. His loving wife survived him but six years, dying in 1896. In her girlhood she was a Miss Matilda Lydecker, her father, Albert Lydecker, being a prominent citizen of Bergen county, this state, and at one time a member of the legislature. Four chil- dren were born to Mr. and Mrs. Peter I. Sturr, namely: Lorena, now the widow of Robert Van Kirk, of Paterson, New Jersey; Isaac, of Elmer, this county; Albert L. : and ^Marietta, the widow of James Wittage, of Hoboken. The birth of Albert L. Sturr took place in Manchester. Passaic county. ^/U^-^-^^j'^l^^i^iyi^ COKGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY 2.; I Xew Jersey. Xovember 9. 1837. He learned to be of great assistance to his father in the management of the farm, and when he arrived at his majority he went into the himber business with him. In 1865 he removed to this county, and, buying a large tract of timber land, proceeded to run a saw- mill and supply the market with lumber. He continued actively occupied in this venture for three decades, then selling out to his son in 1895. Since then he has been practically retired, though he retains an interest in several paying concerns and enterprises. He still owns about five hundred acres of fine land, and has investments in oyster beds and timber lands in Maryland. Success has come to him as the result of years of earnest effort and toil, and his life may well ser^'e as an example to the younger generation. At one time he took an active part in Democratic politics, and in his early manhood he served efficiently in a number of offices. For a long period he was prominent in the Odd' Fellows order and represented his own lodge in the grand lodge of the state. In October, 1857, he wedded Miss Ann E. Spear, a daughter of John Spear, of Bergen county. Of the four children born to our subject and wife, two have passed to the silent land. The daughter, Alice, is the wife of Joseph Gaunt, of Pole Tavern: and Frank now runs the mill at Elmer and the lumber business. \MLLIA.M B. BROWX. The eariy inhabitants of the Xew England states were men of nerve and will, whose self-denial and patient industry, attended with hardships of which the present generation are ignorant, made possible the cultivated and peace- ful Hfe of those states at this day and paved the way to the accomplishment of much that was unthought of by them, and laid the foundation of those steriing principles which makes Xew Jersey one of the foremost states in the Union. Among the families who came to this state during the preceding century, in defiance of the wild beast and ferocious red man, to establish homes for themselves in the wilderness and change it from a desolate, un- broken waste into homes and cultivated fields, was that of Aaron Brown, whose ancestral tree was deep-rooted in the sturdy soil of old Eng- land. Little is known, except in a general way, of his life and adventures, further than that among his children was one named William Brown, who made his home in Cumberiand county. He married and had a number of children, one of whom. Charles, was a farmer of that region and took up arms for his countr^' during the war of 1812. 252 BIOGRAPHICAL IIISrORY Of 11 Hi lARST William B. Brown was a son of Charles Brown and was born near Pitts- ^rove, Salem county. New Jersey, September 13, 1818, and grew up to the life of a farmer, characteristic of many of his ancestors. He was a man of judgment and accumulated a large acreage, which was di\-ided among his heirs after hisdeath. His advice was much sought by pcoiile from far and near, and it was always given with pleasure, as he was especially desirous of assisting his fellow men. He was a good, conscientious man, and a reg- ular attendant of the Presbyterian church of Daretown. to which he con- tributed liberally. He was married to Miss Emily Urion, a daughter of -Andrew Urion, of the vicinity of Daretown, and a sister of Samuel Urion. one of the most prominent farmers of Penn's Neck. Mr. Brown passed through the valley of the shadow of death June 7, 1878, and was survi\e(l by his wife many years, her death taking place May 15, 1895. Mrs. Brown was a lovable woman, kind and motherly, whose heart overflowed with Christian charity, and her death was deeply mourned. Two children are left to perpetuate their name and memorv, — Thomas, of .Atlantic Cit\'. and Hannah. WILLIAM AVIS. The subject of this review. Air. .Avis, owns and occupies a farm near Dare- town, Salem county. New Jersey, and is classed with the respected citizens of the county. Mr. .A\"is was born in Philadelphia. Penns\lvania, .April 3. 1822, a son of Edmund .A\-is and a grandson of John .\vis. The .\\'ises were originall}' Moravians. Their first settlement in this country was in Gloucester connt\-. near Swedesboro, New Jersey, where they built a Moravian church. That was previous to the Revolutionary war. John Avis was a patriot soldier in the Revolution. Both he and his son Edward were shoemakers, working- together in Philadelphia for some years, Edmund continuing at his trade after his removal to Swedesboro. In 1838 he located on the farm on which his son. William, now lives, and in the quiet pursuits of the farm passed the closing years of his life. He died February 18, 1842. He was a member of the Presbyterian church, and in his rlaily life practiced the principles em- braced in the religion which he professed. His wife, Sarah, daughter of James Fish, died in 1842. They were the parents of four children, two of whom are now living: William, whose name initiates this sketcli; and Re- becca, wife of James Sealman, of Swedesboro. William Avis passed his boyhood days in working on the farm and in his father's shoe-shop, and for the most part his life has been devoted to CO.\GRESSIO.\'AL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 253 agricultural pursuits. Since 1882 he has resided on his present farm, carry- ing on general farming, and making a specialty of the poultry business, each year shipping large quantities of poultry to New York. November 18, 1846, Mr. Avis married Miss Sarah Ann DuBois, a repre- sentative of one of the early families of New Jersey. Her father was Peter DuBois, her grandfather, Thomas, and great-grandfather, Peter, were Revo- lutionary soldiers. Mr. and Mrs. Avis have had eight children, only two of whom are now living: Neal D., a resident of Ohio; and Harriet N., at home. Religiously Mr. Avis is a Presbyterian. He has been a member of the church since 1842, and in both church and Sunday-school has filled official positions. For many years he has been the treasurer of the church, has also served as a trustee and elder, and for years he was Sunday-school superin- tendent. Mr. Avis has been a Republican since 1856; was elected justice of the peace in 1874; and while he has always taken a commendable interest in public afYairs and party issues, he has never been in any sense of the word a politician. As a citizen he is held in high esteem by all who know him. STEPHEN H. BENNETT. Judge Stephen Hand Bennett is now living a retired life at Cape May Court House. He is one of the native sons of Cape May county, his birth having occurred in Burleigh, January 22, 1825. His parents were Joshua and Emily (Hand) Bennett, and the maiden name of his paternal grand- mother was Abigail Stites. The latter had three children, the eldest being Joshua. Cornelius, the second, married Hannah Hand, and they had a son, Henn,', who left home in early life, became a sailor, and when last heard of was in California. For his second wife Cornelius married Rachel Carson, and their children were Henry and Eliza. Aaron married Mary Hildreth, a daughter of Squire Joshua Hildreth. and they reared a large family, namely: Eliza, wife of Dr. Jonathan Learning: .\aron, who died in childhood; Joseph- ine, widow of Alexander Young, who for many years was a medical practi- tioner at Cape May Court House, and by whom she had a daughter, Joseph- ine; Edward, a practicing physician at Barnegat; Hannah, wife of Edward Cresse, a farmer: and Mary Ella. Joshua Bennett, the father of the Judge, was born at Green Creek. Cape May county, in 1786. and became a farmer at Burleigh. His political sup- port was given the Democracy, and by his fellow townsmen he was called to various public ofifices. He also served as a member of the Home Guards in the war of 1812. He was twice married, his first union being with Emily 254 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Hand, bv whom lie had six children. Lydia, the eldest, became the wife of William Ross, and their children were: Rachel, who married Coleman Sharp, and had one child, Helen; William, who was lost at sea: Charles Downs, who died in childhood: and Clementine, who liecame the wife of Richard E. Homes, and had one child, Angusta, the wife of John Benezett, by whom she had two children. Cornelins, the second of the family of Joshua and Mary Bennett, married Eliza McCarty, and their children were: Hannah, who was married and had one child: Mrs. Diana Manning, who had one child: and Warren, who was an engineer. The Judge is the third in order of birth. Joshua, a farmer, married Hulda Hand, and their children are: Ella, deceased wife of Joseph Cheney: Harry Emma; and Edmund, a lawyer of Pennsylvania: Emily married Joseph Wilson, a proprietor of a hotel in Cape May City. The father of these children was called to his final rest at the age of seventy-seven years. Judge Stephen Bennett pursued his education in the public schools of Cape Mav county until eighteen years of age. and afterward followed various industrial pursuits until 1849, when he joined the "Argonauts," who in that year went to California in search of the "golden fleece." He made the journey through the strait of Magellan, reaching his destination after seven months of travel. For two years he remained on the Pacific slope, and then returned on a Panama steamer. After visiting for a short time in the east, however, he again went to California, and spent about ten and a half years in Shasta county. He first engaged in mining and later devoted his time to the man- agement of a ranch. Upon his permanent return to Cape May county he engaged in farming, and for five years was identified with the agricultural pursuits of this community. He still owns what is known as the Daniel Cresse farm, comprising two hundred and thirty-five acres, and also has con- siderable timber and meadow land, his possessions yielding to him a good income. He served for seven and a half years as lay judge of Cape May countv, being retired at the abolishment of the office. His life has been one of marked activity in business affairs, and thus he has acquired a capital which crowns his labors. In i860 the Judge married Emma, daughter of Jeremiah Ludlum. and to them were born two children. Fredrick W., the elder, attended the pub- lic schools of Cape May Court House, and then entered upon the scien- tific course in Rutgers College, where he was graduated in the class of 1882, and he is now a civil engineer, located at Ecuador, South America, in the employ of a railroad company. He has traveled over many of the coun- tries of that continent, and has engaged in the survey for a railroad from Guavaquil, in the Andes, to Quito, and the civil-engineer work which he has CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 255 done has required marked ability and skill in the line of his profession. Leonora, the daughter of the family, is now acting as her father's house- keeper, for Airs. Bennett was called to the home beyond in 1879. REV. JOSEPH L. SURTEES. Rev. Joseph Leybourne Surtees, pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church at Elmer, New Jersey, is an Englishman by birth and education, but has been identified with America since 1888, and for the past ten years has been a potent factor in the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Surtees claims Consett, Durham county, England, as his native place, and can trace his lineage back to the days of William the Conqueror, with whom liis ancestors came from Denmark to the British isles. His father and grandfather were both named Robert Surtees, and both were born in Scotland. The younger Robert Surtees was a grocer in England, having settled in Consett, Durham county, when a young man. He was the orig- inator of the Consett water system, bringing water a distance of many miles from the Clapshaw Moors. A successful business man, he became one of the well-to-do and influential men of his town. Religiously he was a Methodist and politically a Li1)eral. He took an active part in politics, serving for years as chairman of the county committee of his party. He died in 1886. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Leybourne, was a daughter of Edward Leybourne, who belonged to the famous Angus clan, a clan cele- brated years ago for its great fighters. I\Irs. Surtees died in 1894. They were the parents of eleven children, five of whom are living, namely: Tamar, the wife of Adam Brodie, of England: John, of England; Robert, the super- intendent of the rolling mills at Trenton, New Jersey; Joseph L., the subject of this sketch; and Peter, of England. Joseph L. Surtees was educated at the Shortley Grove Academy in England, completing his course at the age of seventeen years, and for two years thereafter was a tutor in that institution. At the end of that time he entered the employ of the Consett Steel Company, with which he remained until 1888, when he came to the United States. In 1889 he entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he has since been an active and effective worker. His first charge was at Columbus, New Jersey. From there he was sent to West Creek, in Ocean county, and his next pastorate was in connection with the Kaighn Avenue Methodist Episcopal church, South Camden. Referring to his work at the latter place, we quote from a local paper as follows: "Last Sunday was an eventful day in the 256 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST histon- of the Kais^lm Avenue Methodist Episcopal church, marking as it did the close of the ijastoral work of Rev. J. L. Surtees. which has extended over a ]')erio(l of four and one-half year.s. In ])oint of success his work is almost un])aralleled in the history of Alcthodism in this city, if not in the New Jersey conference. The menihership of the church has heen increased from a score of wavering, disheartened people to two hundred earnest, faithful and energetic men and women, who have taken a firm stand for Christ and are determined that this church shall become a great power for good in South Camden. * =" * On Monday evening a band of well-wishers gathered to say good-bye. The parsonage proved too small for the occasion, and all repaired to the church, filling the prayer- meeting room to overflowing. Appropriate speeches were made and a general ovation was tendered the pastor and his wife." Mr. Surtees has been at his present charge at Elmer one year, and here, as elsewhere, his earnest efforts have met with signal success. Three years previous to his coming to America. May 29, 1885, Mr. Surtees married Miss Martha Elliott, of Blanchland. Northumberland county, England, and they have had six children, five of whom are living: Nora, Elliott. Winefred, Oscar and Vincent. Mr. Surtees is a member of the K. of P. and the A. O. U. W. HARVEY E. BOWLES, M. D. In the studv of so eminently a ])ractical and useful life as that of the honored subject of this memoir we find an opulence of incentive, and are irresistibly moved to the according of respect, admiration and veneration. He has passed the seventy-sixth mile stone on the journey of life, and his career has been an honorable, active and useful one; and now in the sunset hours he can look back over the past without regret, for he has accomplished much, making the most of all his opportunities and making marked advance- ment in fields of intellectual research as well as in professional life. As a journalist and physician he won distinction and in all relations commanded the respect and esteem of his fellow men. Dr. Harvey E. Bowles was born in Chelsea. Vermont, May 8, 1823, his parents being Clapp and Rhoda (Harper) Bowles, both representatives of old New England families, the former a native of Massachusetts, and the latter of Vermont. In his second year the Doctor was taken by his parents to Amherst, Massachusetts, where he was reared, completing his literary education in the high school at Northampton. At the age of sixteen years VlcyvV4M '^^fwL ^(y^^.yi\%. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 257 he entered the printing office and learned the trade, which he followed for a number of years. He afterward owned and conducted a paper in Brattleboro. Vermont, known as the Semi-Weekly Eagle. He had pre- viously published a paper in Cabotville, now Chicopee, Massachusetts, called The Chronicle, and while working as a journeyman printer he was employed on the Emancipator, published in Boston. In 1846 he met with reverses in his journalistic career, owing to the mismanagement of the editor, and was forced to suspend. He then went south in search of em- ployment and after meeting with many hardships and difficulties he at length succeeded in securing a school in South Carolina, where he was engaged in teaching for three years. While conducting his paper in Brattleboro. Vermont, he began the study of medicine, which he pursued under rather peculiar circumstances, being able to devote to study only the time in which he went to and from his meals. For a year, however, he continued his studies in that manner and then entered the Central Medical College of New York, at Rochester, where he was graduated in 1852. In i860 he was graduated in the Eclectic Medical College at Philadelphia, and thus well equipped for his chosen profession he began practice near Rochester, New York, where he remained for a little more than a year. At the expiration of that period he removed to Colburn, Canada, later resided in Pictou, Canada, spending twelve years in the British possessions. In 1864 he returned to the United States and entered the army as a contract surgeon, serving until the close of the Rebellion, during which time he had charge of the Grosvenor Hospital in Alexandria. Virginia, and of Fort Whipple. After the close of the war. Dr. Bowles came to Hammonton. where he has since resided, and is the oldest physician in the town. For many years he had a large patronage, but in 1871 he retired from practice on account of ill health, and in 1872 he purchased the South Jersey Republican, which he published for eight years. He made it one of the best journals in this section of the state, through its columns strongly endorsing the principles of the Republican party and largely promoting its interests by his incon- trovertible statements. On the i6th of August, 1886, he was appointed one of the pension examiners, holding the office during one year of the Cleveland administration, when he was retired; but when the Republicans again came into power he was once more appointed, serving through the second administration of Cleveland. Since that time he has not been actively connected with any public duties or private business affairs, the evening of his life being spent in quiet and honorable retirement. He has labored earnestly in the development of the section of the state in which he resides II— Q 258 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and Iiis support has been given to the many measures for the public good whereby the general welfare has been greatly enhanced. On the 1 2th of May, 1845, Dr. Bowles was united in marriage to Miss Priscilla West Eaton, a granddaughter of Major Isaiah Eaton, of Revolu- tionary fame, and a second cousin of the distinguished painter, Benjamin West. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts, August 16, 1823, and died August 21, 1896. In their family were four children, Edward Lyvere, who resides in Jersey City and is engaged in merchandising in New York city; Frederick Theodore, who makes his home in Elmira, New York, and is a representative of the Florence Silk Company; Frank Isaiah, who makes his home in Detroit, Michigan, and is a traveling salesman for the Potter Silk Manufacturing Company; and Carrie Grace, the deceased wife of Alfred H. Whitmore, of Hammonton. The Doctor also has seven grandchildren. He is a member of the Universalist church, of the Masonic fraternity, and of the General D. A. Russell Post, No. 68, G. A. R., of which he has been the sur- geon since its organization. He is a man of marked individuality and strong force of character, of scholarly attainments, and in the best and truest sense of the word is a gentleman. The qualities of mind and heart which win admiration and respect are his and have gained him prominence in business, political and social circles. At the close of an honorable and well spent life he is held in veneration by young and old, rich and poor, and his many friends are desirous that his days may yet be long upon the earth. JEREDIAH DU BOIS. Jerediah Du Bois was born in Upper Pitts Grove township, Salem county. New Jersey, December 6, 1869, and is a son of Wilford O. and Sabil- lah P. (Newkirk) Du Bois. His paternal grandfather. Jerediah Du Bois, was also a native of the same township and by occupation was a farmer, and for many years was a justice of the peace. However, he devoted part of his time and energies to merchandising in Alloway, but died' in his native township. In politics he was a Republican, and in religious belief a Presbyterian. He married Ann H. Adcock, and to them were born three children: Isaac A., a miller and farmer who married Harriet Hitchner; Wilford: and Charles S., who is living in the west. The grandfather died at the age of fifty years, and the grandmother was se\'enty-eight years of age when called to the home beyond. Wilford Du Bois was bom in Upper Pitts Grove township, attended the public schools there and is now identified with the agricultural interests of CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 259 that community. He married Miss Newkirk, and to them were 1)orn five children, but their eldest died in infancy. Jerediah is the next of the family. Mills Newkirk died at the age of eight years; Lewis Brantley also is an exhorter in the Methodist Episcopal church and is assistant Sunday-school superintendent; Charles, the youngest of the family, is deceased. Mr. Du Bois, the father, also holds a membership in the Methodist Episcopal church, and in his political views is a Republican, exercising his right of franchise in the support of the men and measures best calculated to serve the interests of the party. Both he and his wife are still living, the former at the age of fifty-five and the latter at the age of fifty-four years. The elementary education which Jerediah Du Bois obtained in the com- mon schools was supplemented ])y a course in Peirce's Business College, and thus well equipped for the practical duties of life he became connected with journalism, being for six years an employe in the office of the Elmer Times. On the expiration of that period he purchased the Five Mile Beech Journal of his former employer, Samuel P. Foster, and is now editing that journal, which is independent in politics and is devoted to the interests of the town. It is issued weekly and is a four-column sheet of eight pages, having a circulation of four hundred. Mr. Du Bois also conducts a job printing- office and is doing a good business in that line. He is deeply interested in all that pertains to the welfare and upbuilding of his town, and is serving as boro clerk of Wildwood-by-the-Sea. He is also a member of the board of health, and in his political affiliations is a Repuljlican. He holds a member- ship in the [Methodist Episcopal church at Elmer and is a representative of Aeolian Council, No. 42, J. O. U. A. M., and Friendship Lodge, No. 45, A. O. L. W. He is a young man of marked industry and enterprise and a successful future undoubtedly awaits him. B. W. ANDREWS. To this gentleman is due that tribute of respect and admiration which is always given — and justly so — to those men who have worked their way upward to positions of prominence through their own efforts, who have achieved wealth through their own labors, and by their honorable, straight- forward dealing commanded the esteem and trust of those with whom they have been thrown in contact. He is numbered among the representative men of Philadelphia, where he is successfully and extensively engaged in the wholesale grocery business, and it would be difficult to find one who more fully and ably typifies the American spirit of enterprise, progress and un- 26o BIOCRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST faltering persistence. A man df t;roal natural ability, his success in l)usiness has been uniform and rapid, and the material prosperity of the city lias been largely promoted through his efforts. Mr. Andrews maintains his residence in New Jersey, his birtli having occurred November 30, 1838, on a farm near Woodbury. He now makes his home in Woodljury. The family is of English lineage, and many generations have resided in Gloucester county, their energies being devoted to agricul- tural pursuits. Josiah R. Andrews, the father of our subject, was born on the farm where occurred the birth of B. W. Andrews, and throughout his life he engaged in the tilling of the soil. He was very enterprising and progres- sive in his farming methods and was very fond of good horses, always owning some fine animals. He married Achsah Cooper, a daughter of David Cooper, of Gloucester county, and they became the parents of six children, two of whom are living: D. Cooper, a resident of Woodbury; and B. W., of this sketch. The father was a member of the Society of Friends. He died in 1842, and his wife, long surviving him, passed away in 1879. B. W. jVndrews spent his boyhood on the home farm, and few were the advantages which he enjoyed. He worked in the fields through seven months of the year, and during the remaining five months he pursued his education in the district school of the neighborhood. In 1850 he also drove the first milk wagon that delivered milk to the residents of Woodbury, per- forming that task before going to school in the morning. At the age of seventeen he left the farm, and as early as 1856 he worked for the wholesale grocery firm of George Ogden & Company, of Philadelphia. In September of the same year he entered the employ of B. S. Janney & Company, at No. 605 Market street, and continued with that house, being promoted from time to time as he mastered the different tasks assigned him and thus indicated his fitness for greater responsibility. On the ist of February, 1862, he was admitted to a partnership in the business, under the firm name of Janney & Andrews, which relation was maintained until July i, 1891, when the firm was dissolved and that of B. W. Andrews & Company was formed. The large wholesale house of this firm is located at Nos. 10 and 12 North Front street. They do an extensive business in groceries and as commis- sion merchants, handling canned goods. Besides the large force in the house they employ twenty traveling salesmen, who cover thoroughly New Jersey. Pennsylvania. Delaware and Maryland and also sell to other states. Their output has become very large and their business has assumed mammoth proportions, giving them a prominent position among the leading whole- sale merchants of the state. For forty-three years Mr. Andrews has been connected with the house, and his eft'orts have contributed in a very large CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 261 measure to its success. He has been twice president of the Grocers and Im- porters' Exchange of Philadelphia, serving in 1885 and again in 1893. He is now the president of the Wholesale Grocers' Association of Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware. Mr. Andrews is a man of resourceful business aljility, and his efforts have by no means been confined to one line of endeavor. He is a director of the Western National Bank of Philadelphia, and has been the promoter of other enterprises, while at all times he gives his support to those measures and movements which are calculated to prove of public benefit. Mr. Andrews has been twice married. His first wife was Mary S., daugh- ter of John C. Smallwood, of Woodbury. She was of the sixth generation from Letitia Penn, a daughter of William Penn, whose second husband was a Smallwood. She died January 4, 1881, leaving a daughter, Lucille. For his second wife Mr. Andrews chose Jennie B. Evans, a daughter of the late Owen Evans, of Philadelphia, their marriage being celebrated April 29, 1884. They also have a daughter. Bertha. Theirs is one of the palatial homes of Woodbury, celebrated as a place of gracious hospitality. It is adorned with all the luxuries, furnishings and works of art that wealth, guided by a refined taste, could suggest, and is one of the most beautiful residences in this sec- tion of New Jersey. A deed for eighteen hundred and fifty acres of land in and around Woodburj', given by the sons of William Penn to the great- grandfather of Mr. Andrews, is now in his possession, which fact indicates that he belongs to one of the oldest families of the state. For twent}- years he has been a trustee of the Presbyterian church of Woodbury, and his lib- eral contributions to the organization have materially advanced its labors and influence. He is one of the board of managers of the State Insane Asylum, at Trenton, and is the vice president of the Woodbury Country Club. He finds great pleasure and needed recreation in fishing and driving, and is the owner of some fine horses. He is a man of fine personal appear- ance, of genial manner and courteous deportment, and wherever he goes wins friends. His success has been remarkable, yet has been achieved along legitimate business lines. It is doulitful whether in any country the con- ditions exist which render ])ossible such achievements as America has wit- nessed, and the lives of such men as Air. Andrews should serve as a stimulus to the youth of our land, as illustrating what may be accomplished under even the most adverse condition. He had no special advantages or influen- tial friends to aid him, but from the first his ambition was an honorable and lofty one, and his life history proves conclusively that where there is a will a way may be found. He stands to-day as one of the leading and most respected wholesale merchants of Philadelphia, and what he has done others 262 BIOCRAI'HICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST can do if tlicy will but exercise the same (lualities and determination tliat he has shown. SAMUEL E. SAMPSON. It is astonishing with what rapidity the towns along the New Jersey coast have l)een estahlislied and developed. Each year many htmdreds of people, tired of the hurr\- and bustle of city life, seek quiet and rest b\- the sea. where they can enjo\- the cool ocean breezes and the ever \arying beauty of the Atlantic. In consequence attractive towns have been Intilded by the seaside, and with one of these beautiful and attractive municipal cor- porations Mr. Sampson is now prominently identified. He came to Ocean City almost two decades ago, and since his arrival has been actively asso- ciated with its building interests and some of the most beautiful homes and pleasing cottages have been erected under his super- vision. They are, therefore, an enduring testimonial of his ability, and well indicate that he is worthy of the liberal patronage which he receives in the line of his business. At Smith's Landing, on the 7th of Oc- tober, 1850, Samuel Sampson was born, his l)arents being Samuel and Thama (Price) ."Sampson. The family name is of Scotch urigin, but little is known concerning the early history of its representatives in the New World. The father of our subject re- sided at Smith's Landing, Atlantic county, liLMii N' I ..1 , 1, sAMi-.>. for man\' years, after which he removed to Steelmanville and tliere died. A well-known merchant, he engaged in the grocer)- and dry-goods business and also devoted his energies to some extent to the raising and shipping of oysters. He married Miss Price and they became the jiarents of a large family, numbering eleven children. Neven, the eldest, died in childhood. Lydia married Charles Stetser, a sea captain, and their children were William, Samuel, Charles and Mary, the last named the wife of George Anderson. Alice married John Hockman, a ship car]:)enter, and they had two daughters, Kate and Sally, but the latter died in childhood. Hasadiah. a seafaring man. was three times married, his first iniion being with Charlotte \V'oolbert. his second with Isabel Steel- man, bv whom he had two children. Lottie and Howard, and his third union CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF .V£[f JERSEY. 263 was with Emily Robinson, their children being Hasadiah. Arthur, Emma, Horace and John. Rachel became the wife of Brazier Penn, a seafaring man, and they had four children: Anna Nettie: Lizzie: Vrilla. who became Mrs. Rose; and Sarah, who died at the age of fourteen years. Samuel B. is the next of the family. Charles, who was a tinsmith and dealer in stoves in Woodbury, New Jersey, married Lizzie Stewart, and their children are Rov, John and Lizzie, the last named now deceased. Daniel, a tinsmith and hard- ware merchant of Ocean City, married Ella Parks, who died leaving two children, Charles and Bertha, and after her death he married Annie E. Doughty. Lizzie died in childhood. Annie, the youngest of the family, is the wife of Charles Powell, a wheelwright at Linwood, New Jersey, by whom she has f^ve children.— Nelda, Mollie, Milard, Earl and Lizzie. ' The parents of this family were consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church and took an active part in its work, Mr. Sampson serving as church steward. His political support was given to the Democracy. He died in 1895, at the age of eighty-five years. Samuel B. Sampson was educated in the public schools of Atlantic county, and at the age of eighteen he put aside his text-books to learn the more difficult lessons of life from the school of experience. His first under- taking was in connection with the oyster business at Steelmanville, where he engaged in the raising and shipping of oysters. For six years he carried on business there, meeting with a fair degree of success, and then learned the carpenter's trade, which he has followed continuously since. In the spring of 1880 he came to Ocean City, purchased the first land sold by an association, which was located at the corner of Fourth and West streets, and he erected there two residences, one of which he still owns. He also owns a fine property on Ninth street and Asbury avenue, built by him in the year 1888. He was the first contractor and builder at Ocean Citv and has ever occupied a place among the leading representatives of this enter- prise. The first house of any considerable size here, the Bellevue, was built by him for L B. Smith. He was for a time a member of the firm of Sampson, Steelman & English, but subsequently withdrew and is now carrying on business alone. He has a thorough, practical knowledge of his trade and has secured a liberal patronage. He has erected altogether about sixty cottages at this place, and in 1896 he built a handsome residence for himself on Wesley avenue, at a cost of forty-six hundred dollars. He is his own drafts- man and architect. In connection with his brother Daniel he is also the owner of a farm in Atlantic county, and its substantial improvements, verdant meadows and oyster beds make it a valuable property. In addition to the residence which he owns in Ocean City he has a boathouse at Fourth street 264 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and Bay avenue where can be found some of the finest sail and row boats that plow the waters of the great Egg liarbor bay. During the summer months he makes it his Inisiness to conduct sailing and fishing parties. He is also a director of the Ocean City Building & Loan Association, of which he was one of the organizers. On the I2th of March, 1887, Mr. Sampson was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie English, a daughter of Elmer English, a sea captain residing at Somers Point, Atlantic county. In political circles Mr. Sampson is a Republican and has served as a member of the city council for two terms, being now a member of the board of education. He is also a member and the treasurer of the Ocean City volunteer fire company. He takes an active part in church work, is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has served both as a steward and a trustee. He is also a member of the order of Knights of Pythias. It will thus be seen that he has been a prominent factor not only in its material development but also in fraternal and political circles, and as a public-spirited citizen advocates everything which is intended for the public good. Such men well deserve mention among the represent- ative citizens of this commonwealth. A. G. SILVER. Not a man of local repute alone in business, Ijut known also in commer- cial circles throughout a wide section of country, Mr. Silver's name is synon- ymous with honorable dealing. His life has been one of untiring activity and has been crowned with a degree of success attained by comparatively few. He is of the highest type of business men, and none more than he deserves a fitting recognition among the men whose hardy genius and splendid abili- ties have achieved results that are the wonder and admiration of all. In his financial success, unblemished business record and steadily expanding field of usefulness in life's pursuits, Clayton and southern New Jersey may well feel a personal pride and interest. He is in the best sense of the word a representative American citizen, progressive in commercial circles, and at all times loyal to the interests of the state and nation. Mr. Silver belongs to one of the old families of New Jersey of English lineage, his ancestry being traced back to Sanniel Silver, who came from the mother country to tlie New World in colonial days. His son, David Silver, the grandfather of our subject. waj> a native of Port Elizabeth, Cum- berland county; and Samuel Silver, the father, w^as born in that place, July 9, 1835. Having arrived at years of maturity he was married, in 1856, to CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 265 Sidney McCoy, and they became the parents of three children: A. G., of this sketch; Emma, wife of M. F. DuBois, surrogate of Clayton; and Sam, who is successfully engaged in the clothing business in Clayton and is now serving his second term as the assessor of his township, being elected on the Repub- lican ticket. He has also been a member of the board of registracy for seven years. The father, Samuel Silver, Sr., came to Port Elizabeth in 1862, learned the glass business and became a glass finisher. For many years he followed that business, but is now living retired, enjoying a well earned rest. He is a member of the Methodist church, and is a valued representative of the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities. In 1864 he was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, but he is still living, — an esteemed citizen of Clayton. To the public-school system of the state Mr. Silver is indebted for the educational privileges which he received. He left the school-room at the age of seventeen and started out upon his business career by learning the tin- smith's trade, which he mastered in every detail, becoming an expert work- man. In 1879 he opened a store of his own, dealing in stoves, tinware and plumbers' supplies and doing a tinsmith's and plumber's business. This enterprise brought him good financial return and at length he was enabled to extend the field of his labors. He established a factory in Clayton and began the manufacture of shirts and shirt waists. This he conducted until January, 1899, when he consolidated his business with that of a manufacturing concern of Philadelphia. The Penn Manufacturing Company was then organized and he became its vice president. This concern is now extensively engaged in the manufacture of shirt waists and has a factory both in Clayton and in Philadelphia, employing about one hundred and twenty-five operatives in both places. Their output is accordingly very large and finds a ready sale on the market owing to the excellent quality of the goods and to the reason- able prices and honorable dealing of the company. On Christmas day of 1878 Mr. Silver was united in marriage to Miss Martha H. Long, a daughter of Andrew Long, of Williamstown, and their union has been blessed with three children, of whom Jennie and Svdney are at home. Frank, the second son, is now deceased. In his political views ]\Ir. Silver is a stalwart Republican and a recognized leader in the ranks of his party in Clayton. In 1881 he was elected assessor and filled that position for nine consecutive years. For three years he was a member of the city council, and in 1892 he was elected freeholder, since which time he has been twice re-elected and is the present incumbent. His loyalty to the public trust is most marked and his able service is indicated by his long continuation in office. He is a member and trustee of the Methodist Episcopal church, has 266 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST also served as treasurer and was formerly a teacher in the Sunday-school. He belongs to the Masonic lodge, was its treasurer, and also holds a member- ship in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. His has been a prosperous and honorable career. Concen- trated individual efifort, guided by sound judgment and most reliable business principles, has brought to him a measure of success of which he may be justly proud, and to-day, in both commercial and social circles, he has the esteem and confidence of all with whom he associates. JAMES W. DAVIS. James \\\ Davis, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was mitil recently a resident of Woodbury. Gloucester county, New Jersey. Mr. Davis belongs to a family that has so long been associated with the more prosperous and influential element of the community that he needs no introduction to its residents. He is a son of James and Catherine (Zanders) Davis and was born March 3, 1866, in the city of Camden, this state, the birthplace of his family for generations. This family of Davises originally came from Wales, and the grandfather, John Davis, was a life-long resident of Camden, where he followed the vocation of a mechanical engineer. He left six children to perpetuate his memory, — James, George. William, Samuel, Sarah (Mrs. WHiitehead), and one son who died in earl_\- life. James Davis, his son and the father of our subject, spent his early life in his native city, Camden, and there learned the trade of mechanical and marine engineering. He subsequently moved to the state of New York, where he was employed as a machinist for some time, and then accepted the position of chief engineer on the Morgan, and later on the Mallory, steam- ship, where he remained for many years. His death occurred in June, 1896, at Summitville, New York, whither he had gone to recuperate his health. His wife was Miss Catherine Zanders, who died July 11, 1876. Three chil- dren were theirs: Blanche, deceased, the wife of Benjamin Statsy; John and James W. James W. Davis was given the advantage of a good schooling, first attending the public schools and later the Philadelphia College. Leaving college he became associated with the firm of Charles Lautenbach & Com- pany, for whom he acted as a traveling salesman for five years. He then accepted a position with the Furbush & Son Machine Company, also of Phil- adelphia, and reinained with them four years. In 1895 the Woodbury Hy- COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF .V£/C JERSEY. 267 geia Ice & Manufacturing Company was organized, a stock company being formed with James \V. Davis as secretary, which position he held until recently. ^Ir. Davis was married in Camden, June 10, 1886, to Miss Annie Dor- man, a daughter of William and Mary Dorman, of that city, and their union has been blessed by the birth of four bright children. — Mamie, Emma, Ver- non and Blanche. They are attendants of the Baptist church and are hon- orable, conscientious citizens who have the esteem and respect of the community in which they reside. EDWARD G. MILLER. For more than a quarter of a century Mr. Miller has been identified with the business interests of Paulsboro, where he is now dealing in lumber, coal and hardware. He was born in this locality on the 26th of September. 1839, and obtained his education in the common schools and in Pennington and Chester. When his text-books were laid aside he directed his energies toward agricultural pursuits, and successfully carried on farming until 1871. He is still the owner of two hundred and twenty acres of fanning land and derives therefrom a good income. In the year mentioned he took up his residence in Paulsboro, where he opened a hardware store and coal and lum- ber yards, and from the beginning he has met with creditable and gratifying success. He carries a large line of shelf and heavy hardware, and lay his uniform courtesy, reasonable prices and honorable dealing has secured a liberal patronage. He has also a good coal and lumber trade and is ac- counted one of the enterprising merchants and substantial business men of the town. Nor have his efforts been confined alone to these lines, for he took an active part in building Lincoln park and in securing the Delaware River Railroad. These have proved of material benefit to the city, the former adding to its attractive appearance, the latter to its commercial pros- perity. No measure or movement calculated to advance the general welfare seek his aid in vain, and he is widely recognized as a progressi\-e and public- spirited man. In his political views Mr. Miller is a stalwart Republican and keeps well informed on the issues of the day. His fellow townsmen, appreciating his worth and ability, have frequently called him to public ofifice, and his duties are discharged in a most able manner. In 1865 he was chosen freeholder for a three years' term, and in 1890 he was again elected to that ofifice, in which he has since continuously served, his long continuance in ofifice plainlv 268 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST indicating his tidelity to the pubHc trust. Socially he is a very prominent Mason, holding membership in the lodge, chapter, commandery and in Lu Ln Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. Mr. Miller has been three times married. He first wedded Anna D. Gill, a daughter of Matthew Gill, of Paulsboro. She died in 1871, and in 1886 he married Mary J. Paul, a daughter of Joseph Paul. They became the parents of three children: Joseph P., who is employed in the Pennsylvania Railroad office, at Philadelphia; Ed E., who is at school; and Anna G., at home. The mother was called to her final rest May 28, 1896, and in February, 1899. Mr. ^filler married Ella, a daughter of Senator D. J. Packer, of Woodbury. An identification of more than twenty-eight years with the business interests of Paulsboro has not only numbered Mr. Miller among its older merchants but has gained him both a prestige and patronage that are only accorded those whose merit entitles them to be enumerated among the most promi- nent citizens of the place. Concentrated individual eft'ort, guided by sound judgment and most reliable business principles, has brought to him a meas- ure of success of which he may be justly proud, and to-day, in both commer- cial and social circles, he has the esteem and confidence of all with whom he is associated. ARTHUR DOWNER. Arthur Downer, the founder of the village of Downer, Gloucester county. Xew Jersey, was born in county Cavan, Ireland, on February 23. 1829, and is of ancient English ancestry. The coat of arms of the family in JMr. Downer's possession Ijears the motto '\\ Cruce Salus." Family tradition states that tw^o Downer brothers were among the royalist forces who suftercd such terrible defeat at the famous battle of Culloden. and when William, Prince of Orange, led the Protestants in his conquest of King James' (2d) forces at the historic battle of the Boyne, they were among his victorious troops. Both brothers became residents of Ireland, but after some years one brother, with all of his family, emigrated to America, leaving the parental ancestors of Arthur Downer the sole representatives of the family in the Emerald Isle. Charles Downer, the grandfather of Arthur, was long a very prominent farmer of county Cavan, at one time having an entire townland under cultivation. He was a prominent Orangeman, a loyal Protestant and intensely devoted to the throne of England. His son, John, was an equally strong loyalist,- Orangeman and Protestant, and was also a successful farmer and an officer in the county militia. He was a quiet and unassuming gen- tleman, but with great force of character he was strong in upholding the CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 269 right. He died in 1849. His wife. Margaret McWade, was of Scottish origin, but born in county Fermanagh. She died in 1833, and her sole sur- viving son was Arthur, tlie subject of this writing. After receiving a good education, and before he was twenty. Arthur Downer determined to try his fortunes in the New World, .is after his father's death he had no family ties to keep him in Ireland. His first residence in America was in Philadelphia, and, after a year passed in the service of a mercantile establishment, in 1850, he located in Harrisonville, Gloucester county. New Jersey, and for five years worked at farming. It was in 1858 that he purchased the nucleus of the present Downer estate at Downer, a small tract, fifty acres of wild timber land, and went into debt to secure it. The locality at that time gave little promise of its flourishing condition now, but Mr. Downer saw in its unbroken wastes the possibilities of a rich com- munity. His foresight has been more than verified. He has been most successful in all branches of his business and has ever exercised a judgment and forethought that has guarded him against the shoals that have wrecked many a craft. He moved to his little homestead and began the work of clearing the land and improving it. He was industrious and frugal in his habits. He added a few acres to his original purchase from time to time as he was able until he and his family are now owners of over one thousand acres. At once J\lr. Downer set about making general improvements that would be of benefit to the entire community. His first effort was to estab- lish a religious home for those who, like himself, were desirous of fdlloAving the teachings of the Savior. In i860 a Methodist Episcopal Sunday-school was organized in his house, and many profitable meetings were held there until the society was able to provide a more suitable place of worship. Mr. Downer was married February 27, 1855, to Mary, a daughter of John Rulon and the eighth in descent from one Rulon, a French Huguenot, who was driven into exile from France in the time of the notable persecution of that people, and to her loving and helpful administrations is due in a large measure the success which attended her husband. She was a woman of strong character, whose influence was a power for good wherever it was felt, and Mr. Downer was always sure of her hearty support and encourage- ment. Together they worked for their temporal interests and for the religious cause so dear to their hearts, but it was many years before they had the extreme satisfaction of seeing the erection of the church which had been their desire for so long, but in 1886 Mr. Downer built the beautiful Downer church. He was also active in the establishment of schools, and in 1871 was successful in having a district set oft" at Downer and a school-house built. 2-jo BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST About this time the Reading Railroad Company talked of building a branch road, and the line was run through the property of Mr. Downer for the Atlantic City branch. The grading for this was done in 1870, but not until 1884 was the road completed. Mr. Downer was then given charge of the station which bears his name, and he was also appointed postmaster, a position he has held ever since. He soon opened a store, and the little village has flourished from the start and is a model community. Some time in 1874 he found a fine quality of sand on his estate that was well adapted for making glass and also for use in other foundries. After developing a fine business, in September, 1899, Mr. Downer turned the entire manage- ment of farms, sand interests and other industries over to his sons, John R.. S. Whitney and George W., who. as "Downer Brothers," now carry on an extensive business. They sell from fifteen to eighteen thousand tons of sand annually to glass and other plants. As they have a practically unlimited amount of this sand at their disposal, it will be seen that this industry is a leading one of the section. February 22, 1899, Mr. Downer suiifered a sad blow in the death of his wife. For more than forty years they had traveled together through the sunshine and the shadows of life, and when they had neared the golden milestone and the evening shadows were lengthening she received the wel- come summons to a higher life. Her life was filled with deeds that were prompted by a pure, loving heart, and her memory will long be enshrined in the hearts of those who knew her and felt the sunshine of her presence. Eight children were born to them, five of whom are honored residents of this vicinity. They are: John R., formerly a minister of the Methodist Epis- copal church, but at present at home, in the hope of recuperating his shat- tered health; William E., who is a merchant; Lizzie, the wife of Alfonso Thomas; Samuel W., who graduated in the University of Pennsylvania with the degree of B. A.; and George. Three have been laid to rest in the village churchyard. On the 13th of March, 1900, Mr. Downer married for his second wife Mrs. Hannah C. Comer, a native of Bricksboro, New Jersey, whose maiden name was Bingham. After an active and useful career Mr. Downer is now passing the evening twilight of life in a pleasant home in the beautiful \illase of Pitman Grove, where he is an honored citizen. AARON W. HAND. Classified amung the leading business men of Cape May and one who has exerted a strong influence upon the commercial, social, moral and intellect- ual development of the city is Aaron William Hand. He was born in Cam- ^>7r //^^^ COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 271 den. New Jersey, February 10, 1857, and is descended from one of the oldest families of this section of the state. His ancestors came from England in the seventeenth century and located on Long Island. After a few years they removed to Cape May, where members of the family became owners of a large acreage in the Fishing creek neighborhood. Elisha Hand, the great- grandfather of our subject, held a commission as an officer in the Colonial army during the war of the Revolution, and Aaron Hand, the grandfather, was enrolled in the Cape May Independent Regiment, of the war of 18 12. Noah Hand, the father, was born in Cape May county, and in early life went to sea as first mate on a sailing vessel trading with southern ports. He was afterward quartermaster of a steamer of the same line. He resided in Camden, New Jersey, for twenty years, and in 1873 came to Cape May, where he has since resided, and enjoys the respect and confidence of all with whom he has been associated. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Jane A. Hannah, died December 31, 1895, at the age of seventy-seven years. Aaron W. Hand acquired his early education in Camden, completing the grammar-school course there at the age of eleven years, and then attended the public schools of Philadelphia for two years. He afterward studied under a private tutor and also spent a period in the United States Military Academy. His love of books has prompted him to continue his reading, study and inves- tigation in later years, and he is continually adding to his fund of knowledge. As is usual with boys, through his younger years he found keen enjoyment in the usual sports of the time, and also took the greatest delight in music. When he put aside his te.xt books to learn the more difficult lessons in the school of e.xperience he was employed for three years in various capacities in Philadelphia. In 1873 he came 10 Cape May with his father. At the age of nineteen he became a teacher at Heislerv'ille, Cumberland county, and afterward spent a time in the West Point Military Academy. Subsequently he was engaged in teaching at Dennisville and at Rio Grande, for six years at Cape May Point, Cape May county, and for two years was the principal of the schools of Cape May city. In 1881 he became associate editor of the Cape May Daily Star, published during the summer, and in 1889 purchased an interest in the Star of the Cape and the Cape May Daily Star printing and publishing business, with which he has since been connected, being now gen- eral manager of the Star of the Cape Publishing Company. Since 1887 he has also been interested in general merchandising at West Cape May. His marked energy, unflagging perseverance and keen sagacity have made him a leading and successful business man of the county. In 1877 Mr. Hand was united in marriage to Miss Letitia Byers Reeves, a member of one of the most prominent pioneer families of Cape Mav county. 272 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Her graiulfatlier, Da\'i(l Reeves, was a member of tlie militia duriiii^ the war of 1812 and was a leading factor in all public affairs in Cape May county for forty years, — the middle portion of the nineteenth century. During the civil war Abijah D. Reeves, Mrs. Hand's father, served in Company F, Twenty- fifth New Jersey Infantry, as color corporal. David Hand, the great-great- grandfather, was the ensign in Captain Forest's company in a brigade formed in southern New Jersey for service in the Revolution, and Abijah Reeves' great-grandfather was also a soldier of the Revolution. Mrs. Hand's mother was Amanda Deprefontaine, a daughter of John Deprefontaine, who was a French Huguenot, and Hannah, nee Gardner. In his political views Mr. Hand, of this review, is a stalwart Republican, and, keeping well informed on the issues of the day, gives an intelligent sup- port to the principles of the party. From 1881 to 1886 inclusive he served as the collector of taxes at Cape May Point; he has been a commissioner of deeds since 1881, notary public since 1886 and the assessor of West Cape May borough in 1895-6. Wiien elected collector of Cape May Point he found thousands of dollars of unpaid Ijack taxes and the borough was almost bankrupt. By his unceasing effort all taxes were collected and the borough placed on a substantial financial basis. As the assessor of West Cape May he readjusted tax valuations. In 1896 he was appointed superintendent of public schools for Cape May county, to which position he was reappointed in 1899. In this capacity he has reorganized the school system, placed it on a modern basis and has greatly stimulated the interest in the schools through- out the county. He has devoted himself to the work of his ofifice with untiring zeal and enthusiasm, and his labors have been productive of great good, placing the schools of the county on a higher grade than they have ever before occupied. In his religious faith Mr. Hand is a Presbyterian, having joined the Cold Spring Presbyterian church in 1875. Socially he is connected with various civic societies. In 1885 he joined Cape Island Lodge, No. 30. F. & A. ]\I., and was its organist for several years. He became a member of Cape May Conclave No. 183. I. O. H., in 1890; of Ogalala Tribe, No. 157, I. O. R. M., in 1892, passing all the chairs and entering the Great Council of New Jersey in 1895, as a representative. He was appointed great mishinewa, and has served on the finance committee two years. In 1897 he joined Cape May Lodge, No. 21, A. O. U. W.. and is now master workman. He has ever been an active business man, who has energetically carried forward to suc- cessful completion whatever he has undertaken. In all life's relations his career has been honorable and upright, commending him to the confidence and good will of all with whom he has come in contact. He is a man of CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 27^ social nature, genial disposition and unfailing courtesy, and his circle of friends is almost coextensive with the circle of his acquaintances. WILLIAM COOLEY WILLIAMS, M. D. In reviewing the lives of successful physicians, to which class the subject of this article unquestionably belongs, it is plainly seen, by even the most casual observer, that unusual qualities of mind and heart are required, and that knowledge alone never brings them to their desired goal of pre-emi- nence. Sympathy and a genuine feeling of brotherhood are among the many traits which mark the ideal family physician, who must be, moreover, pro- gressive, in the spirit of this bustling, active age, and ready to incorporate into his practice each new fact in medical science, as it is proved and tested. Dr. William C. Williams is an example of the kind just cited, one of the wide- awake, representative physicians of his county. His ancestors were thrifty, industrious farmers of Pennsylvania, and his paternal grandfather, Benjamin Williams, was, moreover, the owner of a sawmill, which he operated with profit. To himself and wife, Dorothv. were born the following named children: John, July 28, 1776; Lydia, January ig, 1788; Ann, September 6, 1791; Rachel, February 22, 1794; and David, April I, 1796. The latter, whose birth took place in Bucks county, Pennsyl- vania, learned the millwrights' trade and for many years plied that calling in his native state and in Milford, Hunterdon county, New Jersey, being the owner of a flour and sawmill in the town mentioned. He located in Hurf¥- ville, New Jersey, about 1846, there following the same line of business until a few years had passed away, when he disposed of his interests and removed to Woodbur)'. Here he lived retired until the summons of death, March 31, 1878. His faithful wife, whose name in girlhood had been Abigail Cooley, survived him, her demise occurring December 14, 1894. She was a child of Philip and Margaret (Barton) Cooley, who were honored residents of Hun- terdon county. New Jersey, where they carried on a farm. The former, born September 26, 1770, died November 30, 1838, and the latter, born August 10, 1769, died November 13, 1835. They were married on the 7th of Octo- ber, 1792, and became the parents of the following-named children: Osev, born July 16, 1793: Jemima, February 16, 1796; John, May 13, 1797: Elisha, March 10. 1799; James, May 18, 1800; Mahlon, January 28, 1802; William, .\pril 18, 1803; Philip, March 23, 1805; .\bigail, Alay 20, 1807; ]\Iary, February 18, 1809; and Samuel, January 11, 181 1. Mahlon died April 20, 1825, and Mary January 17, 1872. The children of David and Abigail Williams were: Jane, born Marcli I!— R 274 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST 15, 1833, and now widow of John Sill, of Ashland, Ohio; George Quinn, born December 5, 1835, and died in Woodbury. March 5, 1864: Mary Ann, born March 18, 1838, wife of George K. Chew, of the vicinity of Sewell, New Jersey; Philip Cooley, born October 19, 1840, and accidentally drowned August 6. 1850; Rachel, born June 25, 1843, and died January i. 1874: Benjamin F.. i)orn May 16. 1846. and died August 2y, 1856; Anna Mar- garet, born July 26. 1848. and now a stenographer in Philadelphia: and ^\'illiam Cooley. Dr. \\'. C. Williams was born in Woodbury. February 7. 1851. and gained his elementary knowledge in the public schools of that place. Later he took up the study of medicine in the office of Dr. McGeorge. then of Woodbury, and finally attended Hahnemann Medical College, in Philadel- phia, where he was graduated in 1877. He at once opened an office at Frenchtown and started upon his professional career May 20, 1877. In the spring of 1889 he removed to Camden, where he practiced for a period of three years, and since 1892 has been a resident of Woodbury. Here, as else- where, he has met with signal success, and at present he is serving as a mem- ber of the local board of health. Socially he is held in high regard by his townsmen, and is a member of Advance Lodge No. 9, Shield of Honor, of Woodlniry. and Home Lodge No. 25, Knights of Pythias, of Frenchtown. New Jersey. He uses his right of franchise in favor of the Republican party, but is not a politician, in the commonly accepted sense. Tlie marriage of the Doctor and Amy Elizabeth Lair, of Frenchtown. was solemnized December 22, 1888. She is a daughter of Peter \\' . and Margaret (Bird) Lair, and by her marriage has become the mother of one child, Howard L,air. who was born December 12. 1889. The Doctor and his wife attend the Baptist church and take an active interest in all things which make for the uplifting of mankind and society. IRA COLES. Ira Coles, a retired farmer residing at Mullica Hill, was born near Woods- town, Salem county. February 25, 1831. His father, Bartholomew Coles, was born at Coles" ]\lill. Camden count}', and was a son of Thomas Coles, a farmer and lumber manufacturer. The family had its origin in England and was early established in the New World. The grandfather of our sub- ject operated a jilaning-mill and was an enteri^rising man. He married Ann Whisler. a daughter of Thomas Whisler. His death occurred January 28. 1886. and his wife passed away April 2. 1870. Bartholomew Coles spent his boyhood days in the county of his nativit\- and on attaining his majority CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 275 came to Gloucester county, locating at Harrisonville, where he conducted a sawmill and also engaged in farming. Success attended his business career, his well directed efforts bringing him a handsome competence. He was born in 1785 and reached the very advanced age of one hundred years. He was a very devout man, firm in his convictions and true to his principles, and his upright life commanded the respect of all. In his family were ten children, four of whom are now living, namely: Uz, a resident of Pittsgrove township. Salem county: Chalkly, of Woodstown; Joseph, a resident of Mul- lica Hill; and Ira. The last named pursued his education in the common schools through the winter season and in the summer months aided in the labors of the farm. Thus his childhood and youth were passed and in 1864 he began farming on his own account. Upon his father's death he inherited the old homestead which he successfully operated for some years, but in 1888 he put aside business cares and is now living retired enjoying the rest which he has so truly earned and richly deserves. His business ability and perse- verance enabled him to so conduct his aft'airs as to win a very- gratifying com- petence, which now supplies him with all the comforts of life. Mr. Coles has been twice married. He first married Martha Ann Adcock, who died in 1889, and on the 3d of January, 1895, Susan P. Horner, a daughter of Mark Horner, became his wife. They are now living in MuUica Hill and they have a ver\" pleasant home, where they enjoy the warm regard of many friends. Mr. Coles has served as a member of the township com- mittee and has ever taken a commendable interest in those movements which have tended to promote the public welfare. His life has been well spent and those who know him entertain for him a high regard. GEORGE L. PARSONS. George Lambert Parsons is the proprietor of the oldest store in Tuck- ahoe, its establishment dating back seventy years. For seventeen years he was connected with the enterprise in a clerical capacity and in 1895 f'ccame the proprietor. He manages his business affairs with ability, is energetic and progressive, and his earnest efforts to please his patrons have secured to him a large trade. Mr. Parsons was bom in Tuckahoe. on the i6th of May, 1865, and is a son of Elmer and Ellen (Somers) Parsons. The name is of English origin, and on the maternal side Mr. Parsons is descended from the Somers fam.ily to which belonged the celebrated Richard Somers, who distinguished himself 276 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE FIRST in tlie Ijattle of Trijioli in tiie wars witli tlie Barbary states. Stephen Parsons, the paternal i^randfathcr of our subject, resided on the Tuckahoe river, in Atlantic county, Xew Jersey, and was a farmer and extensive land-owner. He gave his political support first to the Whig party and afterward to the RepubHcan party and held a number of ofifices. In religious faith he was a Methodist. His children were Steplien, Joseph. John, Hannah, Emeline and Elmer. The last named, the father of our subject, spent the greater part of his life in Tuckahoe, New Jersey, and by trade was a tinsmith. For many years he followed that occupation, supporting his family thereby. He, too, was a Republican and exercised his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of that party. He was a member of the Methociist Episcopal church. He marrietl Miss Ellen Somers and to them were born the following children: Stephen, a painter by trade, who wedded Sarah Devaul, by whom he had a daughter, Mary; Sylvester, who wedded Theodosia Sutton and had three children: William, Annie and Emeline; Somers, now deceased; John Lewis, Prudence and George Lambert. The last named obtained his education in the public schools of Tuckahoe and entered upon his business career as a salesman in the employ of Anthony Steelman of that town. After seventeen years" connection with the store he bought out his employer and has since conducted the enterprise with signal success. He is also connected with the Building & Loan Association, and in his political views he is a Republican, but has never sought office, preferring to give his time and attention to his business. He started out upon his business career empty-handed and by earnest purpose and diligence he has steadily worked his way upward to a position of affluence. Mr. Parsons was married on the 25th of November, 1894, to Miss Lida M. Abbott, a daughter of Dr. B. T. Abbott, a prominent physician of Ocean City, New Jersey. They now have one child, Hettie A. Mr. and Mrs. Par- sons hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal church, and he is a mem- ber of the Junior Order of L^nited American Mechanics. EDWARD L. RICE. On the roster of the officials of Ca])e May county appears the name of Edward Ludlam Rice, who is one of the most jiopular and efficient officers that have filled the position of county clerk. A gentleman of scholarly at- tainments, of marked individuality and strong force of character, he is well fitted for the place of leadership accorded him in Democratic circles, for his CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 277 personal worth and recog'nized ability secure to him the confidence and re- spect of the public. The true measure of individual success is determined by what one has accomplished, and. as taken in contradistinction to the old adage that a prophet is not without honor save in his own country, there is a particular interest attaching to the career of the subject of this rex'iew. since he is a native son of the county in which he has passed his entire life and has so directed his ability and efforts as to gain recognition as one of the repre- sentative citizens of Cape May county. His birth occurred in Dennisville. January 2^. 1864. his parents being Learning M. and Maria (Ludlam) Rice. The Rice family is of English origin and at an early day the progenitors of the family in America took up their abode in New England. For some time the Rices resided in Boston, whence Edward Rice, the great-grandfather of our subject, removed to Philadelphia. He was the captain of a merchant vessel sailing between Philadelphia and European ports and engaged in the East India trade. He died and was buried at sea while making the return voyage from Liverpool to his home. He married Hannah Leaming, and our subject now has in his possession two fine paintings of them, the work having been executed in 1791. Hannah Leaming was a daughter of Christopher Leaming and a granddaughter of Aaron Leaming. After the death of her first husband she married Aaron C. Moore. Edward Rice, Jr.. the grandfather of our subject, was born in Phila- delphia, and camie to Cape May county, where he engaged in teaching school. His last days, however, were spent in his native city. He held local offices and was a gentleman of considerable prominence. His last days were spent in the city of his birth, where he died in 1853, at the age of sixty years. His wife passed away at the age of eightv years. She bore the maiden name of Jane Diverty. and was a daughter of a Scotchman. ■ Unto Edward and Jane Rice were born the following named: James D., who married Rebecca John- son, became a miner in California at the time of the gold excitement and served his countrv during the civil war: and Leaming ]\L, the father of our subject. William Diverty, the great-great-grandfather of our subject, was born in Aberdeen, Scotland. March 15, 1754, and was married February 11, 1780, to Jane Smith, whose birth occurred March 28, 1757. He was connected with the Bruces, one of the oldest and most prominent families of Scotland that furnished to that land one of its most distinguished heroes. William Diverty died in 181 1, and his wife passed away in 1832. James Diverty. their son, was born in Aberdeen, Scotland. November 25. 1783. and when seventeen years of age came to the United States to complete his education. He afterward learned the cooper's trade, and when on a trip to Cape May county, where he 278 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST intended to purcliase hoop-poles, he met Miss Del^orah Hand, whom he afterward married. She was born in 1787 and was a daughter of Jesse and Sarah (Learning) Hand, the latter a daughter of the celebrated Aaron Learn- ing. After his marriage Mr. Diverty located in South Dennis, where he engaged in merchandising and ship-building, and also dealt in cord-wood. He died May 11, 1858, at the age of eighty years, and his wife passed away in 1830. They became the parents of James, Jesse, Jane, Mary and William. Learning M. Rice, of Dennisville, attended the old South Jersey Academy, at Bridgeton, and at the age of twenty years went to the west on government business. For many years he was engaged in surveying and in later years has devoted his time more exclusively to the real-estate business. He is well informed concerning realty values in this section of the state, and has handled much property. He has been the secretary of the Dennisville Building & Loan Association since its organization and for twenty or thirty years he held the ofifice of freeholder. In 1867 he was elected to the state senate, the first Democrat ever sent by Cape May county to the upper house of the legislature. He has always taken an active interest in the success and welfare of his party and is a recognized leader of Democracy in his township. At one time he was a member of the Masonic fraternity, but is not now con- nected with that organization. He still resides in Dennisville, at the age of seventy years, — a respected and honored citizen. His wife passed away in 1882. Tliey were the parents of six children: James Diverty, the eldest, is now deceased; Mary is the wife of Uriah Gandy, the proprietor of the Gatzmer House, at Dennisville; Hannah is the wife of Louis B. Lloyd, a painter at Dennisville; Jane is the wife of Vincent O. Miller, of South Den- nis, who for fifteen years served as the county superintendent of schools, and in 1898 was a candidate for the legislature; Edward is the fifth in order of birth; and Leaming completes the family. Edward L. Rice acquired his preliminary education in the public schools of Dennisville and then entered Rutgers College, where he pursued his studies until eighteen years of age. He subsequently engaged in teaching in Gloucester county and then became a teacher in South Dennis, Cape May county. For three years he was the principal of the schools in Tuckahoe and was then elected principal of the Cape May schools, but in the fall of 1889 he resigned the latter position to accept the office of county clerk, to which he was elected, defeating Jonathan Hand, who had filled that position for a half century. He was not then twenty-five years of age and was the young- est countv clerk in the state. In his own township he received over three hundred votes out of four hundred cast. After entering the ofifice he dis- charged his duties so ably and promptly that in 1894 he was re-elected, by COXGRESSrOXAL DISTRICT OF XEIV JERSEY. 279 a majority of one hundred. All of the Republican county representatives were elected by a majority of from seven to eight hundred, and Mr. Rice was the only Dem.ocrat elected in the state with the exception of two or three assemblymen in Hudson county. This fact certainly indicates his personal popularity and the confidence reposed in him by the people of his native county. Mr. Rice has studied closely the political situation of the country and the questions which are now before the people, and is an ardent advocate of Democratic principles. He has done some campaign work and is a very pleasing and effective speaker. Socially ]\Ir. Rice is connected with the Tuckahoe Lodge, I. O. O. F.. the Knights of Pythias in Dennisville. and is a director in the State Mutual Building & Loan Association. He was married in 1891 to Miss Phoebe, a daughter of Samuel and Eliza J. Steelman, her father a merchant of Tucka- hoe. They now have three interesting children, — Dorothy, Edward and Martha. They have a beautiful residence in Cape May Court House, which was erected by Mr. Rice. It is built in a modern style of architecture, hand- somely finished in hard wood, and its beautiful furnishings indicate the refined tastes of the inmates. Mr. Rice is endowed by nature with strong mental power, but this counts for naught without the individual efrorts w hich cultivate it and applies it to the practical affairs of life. His marked energy and laudable ambition, however, have enabled him to work his way steadily upward, and to-day he occupies an honored position in political and social circles. GEORGE M. HALL. George 'SI. Hall is a wide-awake and enterprising farmer of Woolwich township, Gloucester county. He was born near Paulsboro, Xew Jersey, on the 17th of August, 1852, and is a son of Charles and Sarah (Middleton) Hall. His mother died and his father afterward married a Miss Hiles, and after her death he married Abigail (Miller) Derrickson, widow of John Derrickson. The children of the first union were Edward, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits, near Paulsboro; Rebecca, the wife of Joseph Hiles, of Morristown, Xew Jersey, by whom she has several children; Elizabeth, the wife of Henry Miller Thompson, a farmer residing near ilullica Hill; and George SI. The last named is indebted to the public-school system for his educational privileges. He pursued his studies in Greenwich and Woolwich townships and on putting aside his text-books took up the work of farming, which he followed with great success throughout his business career. In 1885 he pur- chased his present farm, which he has since greatly improved, making it one 28o BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST of the most desiralilc and attractive country homes in this section of the county. In February, 1882, Mr. Hall was united in marriage to Miss Laura Sithens. daughter of Daniel Sithens. of Woolwich township. Gloucester county. They have two children. Gertie and Walter, ^h. Hall and his family attcnil the Methodist Episcopal church of Swedesboro, and he is a member of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, the Ancient. Order of United Workmen and the Patrons of Husbandry. He prosecutes his labors with energy and is most honorable in all his dealings. These quali- ties have brought to him signal success, and he is thereby classed among the substantial farmers of his township. DANIEL F. HENDRICKSON. Daniel F. Hendrickson, ex-mayor of Woodbury, is one of her most en- terprising and public-spirited citizens. Born at the close of the civil war, he is now in the jirime and vigor of manhood; is thoroughly in sympathy with the progressive spirit of the age. and is deeply conscientious in dis- charging his duties toward his fellow-men. His father, Henry J. Hendrickson, was born in Swedesboro, Gloucester county. New Jersey, April 15, 1829. In his early life he was engaged in the dry-goods trade in Philadelphia, and later he carried on a flourishing express business between that city and Woodbun,-. Disposing of this in 1886 to his son Jacob, he turned his attention to the manufacture of what is known as Hendrickson's Gilt Edge Liniment, an article of acknowledged merit. In March, 188S, he was elected to the Gloucester board of free- holders and served in that ofifice for a period of three years, during which time he was a member of several very important committees. He had been honored with re-election and at the time of his death, December 24, 1897, he was ser\'ing his third term. Both as a public man and as a private citizen he was held in the highest esteem and his death has been sincerely mourned by his large circle of friends. In his political creed he' was a Republican. For forty years he was a deacon in the Baptist church, his life fully exemplify- ing the noble Christian precepts which he ]^rofessed. His wife, whose maiden name was Catherine Clare, survives him, her home l)eing in Wood- bury, as for years past. To their union seven children were born, namely: Mary, the wife of Samuel C. Brick, of Philadelphia: Henry J.. Jr.. who married Lillian Paris, since deceased, and resides in Woodbury: Ella A., the wife of L. C. Fowler, a Philadelphia photographer; Joseph Clare, who wedded Louisa Flenard and CO^'GRESSIO^\-iL DrSTRICT OF NEIV JERSEY. 281 is a resident of Camden. New Jersey; Daniel F.; and Andrew and Jacob, twins. Andrew chose Ida Megary for a wife and Jacob married IMinnie P. Locke. Daniel F. Hendrickson was born April 15, 1863, in Woodbnry, and received his edncation in the excellent schools of this place. When a mere youth he engaged in the express business, in partnership with his father, and subsequently went to the Quaker city, where he found employment in the wholesale grocery establishment of Githens & Rexsamer, on Front street. At the end of two years he became an employee of the Adams Express Company, of the same city, remaining with them for about two years. Returning then to this, his native town, he bought out the business stand of ex-Sherifif Daniel I. Packer, late United States senator, and has since continued in this line of enterprise. He has met with the prosperity which he richly deserves, and by strict attention to the needs and wishes of the public has won the favorable opinion of all with whom he has dealings. He not only deals in flour, feed, seeds, salt, fertilizers, cement, coal and wood, but also runs a steam gristmill, keeps a full line of farm machinery and a good stock of paints and oils. He also is interested in real estate at Bel- mont, adjoining the national park on the Delaware river, and has other financial investments, which he manages with marked ability. Honored l^y election to the mayoralty of Woodbury, Mr. Hendrickson proved to be a very efficient officer, but, thougli a third term was tendered to him, he saw fit to decline additional service. He also was a member of the city council at one time, and in various ways has earnestly sought to promote the welfare of his native place. He uses his franchise on behalf of the Republican party, and fraternally is identified with the Heptasophs, the Knights of the Golden Eagle and the Red Cross Society. Religiously he is a member of the Episcopal church. The marriage of Daniel F. Hendrickson and Miss Emma R. Megary was celebrated in Philadelphia. March 25. 1885. Mrs. Hendrickson is a daughter of James and Julia Megary, of that city. Our subject and wife have a very pleasant home, which is brightened by the presence of three children: Marion, born March 10. 1886: Daniel J. P.. born October 8, 1889; and Robert C, October 9. 1898. A. A. SMITH. :\I. D. For sixty-five years the famil}' of which Dr. A. A. Smith is a worthy representative has been closely identified with the growth and progress of the town of Malaga. Gloucester county. His great-grandfather, John Smith, 282 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST a native of Lancashire, England, was of a wealthy family, and was in the direct line of descent from Sir Sidney Smith, noted in the history of that country. In 1742 John Smith emigrated to America, as he had come into the possession of a valuable grant of land, a gift of the crown, and desired to look after his new estate. This property, situated near May's Landing, in what was known as Scotland Neck, and some located in Camden county, produced large revenues for the owners anil their posterity, and thus, when the war of the Revolution was in progress, they were enabled to be of inval- uable service to the colonists, fitting out privateersmen at their own expense and aiding the army of patriots in many ways. Indeed, they took so very active a part that they became a special mark for the hate of the Tories, who burned and destroyed their property on more than one occasion. In addi- tion to the New Jersey estates mentioned, the Smiths owned a large portion of Staten Island at one time. The paternal grandfather of the Doctor was the Rev. Asa Smith, a native of May's Landing, and one of the early preachers in the local Methodist Episcopal church. His son, Br. Charles W. Smith, the father of A. A. Smith, was born in Wilmington, Delaware, was graduated in the medical department of JefYerson College, where Dr. J. P. McClellan, father of General George B. McClellan, was his preceptor. Coming to lAIalaga in 1834, he was actively engaged in practice until shortly before his death in 1872. He was a very successful physician and enjoyed the friendship of many noted persons far and near. Dr. Smith was an ardent Democrat in his political sympathies. In his early manhood. Dr. C. W. Smith and Sarah Clark, the' daughter of Isaac Clark, of Salem county, were joined in wedlock. The devoted wife and mother, now in her eighty-eighth year, is yet active in mind and body, and is beloved by all who have the pleasure of her acquaintance. Of her nine children, Melissa is the wife of George Ackley, of Malaga; Matilda is the wife of Benjamin Gleisner, of Newcastle, Pennsylvania; Isaac resides in Malaga; Charles is living at May's Landing; Jennie is the wife of Professor E. D. Riley, of May's Landing; Texana and Addie are at home; and Thomas Jefferson is at Newcastle, Pennsylvania. The birth of Dr. A. A. Smith took place March 20, 1838, in Malaga, and after he had completed his common-school education he concluded to devote his life to medical work, as had his father before him. During the Civil war he found that his medical knowledge and patriotic devotion could be of service to his country, and he accordingly accepted a position as an active assistant surgeon at the Sattelee (United States General Hospital at West Philadelphia, where he rendered invaluable aid to the .sick and wounded sol- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 283 diers. Resuming his interrupted studies, he was graduated in the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, in 1864, and soon afterward re- ceived a commission as acting assistant surgeon in the regular army. When he was no longer needed, he returned home and engaged in practice. He has been very successful in general family practice and has made a specialty of obstetrics and surgery, in both of which branches he is considered an au- thority. In 1897, feeling the need of rest from the arduous labors of more than three decades, he retired from active practice. He owns a fine farm of one hundred and ten acres, and reaps a good income from its products, not the least important of which is a large cranberry crop each year. The wife of the Doctor's youth, formerly Mary P. Howland, of Massa- chusetts, died in 1885, and his second wife, whose maiden name was Maggie Sloan, and who was from Pennsylvania, departed this life in 1896, leaving one son, Asa. The Doctor later married Mary Keen, a daughter of William Keen, of Camden, New Jersey. Pie is a stalwart believer in the platform of the Democratic part\ , but has never been prevailed upon to accept public office. THE WILLIAMSTOWN BODINES. One of the saddest pages in French history is the persecution of the Protestant Huguenots. Brainy and brilliant, they were lovers of education and religious freedom, and constituted one of the finest elements of the civil- ization of France. After the massacre of St. Bartholomew, many Huguenots expatriated themselves to England and from there to America, where their descendants hold high positions. Among this number was Jean Bodin, born in 1645 at the village of Medio on the Gironde river, in the province of Saintonge, lying on the bay of Biscay. He was naturalized in London in 1681 and with his wife, Esther Bridon, came to America, locating first near New Rochelle, Westchester county, New York, but in 1682 they were resi- dents of Staten Island. That the family had long been distinguished in France is evidenced by the fact that Jean Bodin was called the ablest political thinker and philosophic reasoner in that countr}-. About 1695 Jean Bodin. the emigrant, died on Staten Island, leaving the following children: Jean (John), Mariana, Eleazer, Francis, Esther and Mary. His descendants later crossed to Perth Amboy, and some of them made their way by the road up the Raritan from its mouth to its source. The posterity of this Jean Bodin are scattered far and wide in the L'nited States and are people of character and substance. They have borne their part well in peace and war as law- abiding citizens and patriots, and are eligible to membership in the American 284 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST societies of Sons and Daughters of the Revolution. For the purpose of this sketch we touch only the line of the Williamstown Bodines. Francis Bodine, a son of Jean Bodin, born about 1690, married Maria Dey. Of all their children none but Francis is clearly traced, and nothing further is known of tb.eir li\es. This son. Francis, lived in Cranberry, New Jersey, in 1745. He was the founder of the Bodins of Pliiladelphia and southern New Jersey, and the great-grandfather of John F., William H. and J. Alfred Bodine, of Williamstown. This Francis had three sons, — Joel, Vin- cent and John. John Bodine. fourth generation from the emigrant, the youngest of the family of Francis, as above stated, born at Cranberry in 1745, in early youth made his home at W^ading River, Burlington county, near the present Harrisville, and kept a tavern there for many years. He served seven years in the Continental army of the Revolution, advancing from private to captain. He was twice married, the first wife being a Round- tree. Their children, Charles, Francis, Stacy, John and Susan, all attained advanced ages. His second wife. Ann Taylor, whom he married in 1790, had the following children: Joel, Budd, Wilson, Jesse, Daniel, Sarah, Aliigail, Lucy Ann, Mary and Samuel Tucker. Mrs. Bodine died at an old age. sur- viving her husband. Joel Bodine, born in 1794, at Wading Riven commenced housekeeping at Bridgeport as a New Jersey tavern-keeper on his marriage to Sarah Gale, of Bridgeport. She bore him one son, Samuel, and soon died. I\Ir. Bodine later moved to Tuckerton, where he married his second wife, and in a few- years moved to Philadelphia and entered the employ of Dr. Burgin. a dealer m oils. Dr. Burgin later acquired an interest in the glass-works at Millville, New Jersey, and Joel Bodine moved thither to superintend the mercantile department and afterward had an interest in the plant for a time. He then became a stage-driver on the line between Philadelphia and Cape May, and made his home at Port Elizabeth for some years. Returning to Alillville, he traveled through the south and west, successfully dealing in patent rights. Then, with another, he established a blacksmith shop and manufactory of steelyards at Millville. In 1835 he moved to Winslow to be a clerk for William Cot¥in, Jr.. in the glass-works store. Two years later he passed one year at Malaga as assistant manager of the glass-works. In June, 1839, he removed to Williamstown and purchased a part of the glass-works, and for two years, first with Gabriel Iszard and then with Mr. Black, ran these works. Then, l)v the failure of their agent, he became financially embarrassed. His old employer, ^V'illiam Cofiiin, came to his aitl and the firm of Cof^n & Bodin conducted a factory two \ears, after which Mr. Bodine became sole owner, and later extended the business, built another factory and employed COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJJ' lERSEV. 285 a large corps of workmen. In 1853 he removed to Camden and in Novem- ber, 1855, solfl '^'''6 plant to his sons. He was a thorough business man, giv- ing all of his time and energy to his Inisiness, and was generally successful. His second wife was Phel:ie A. Forman, a daughter of John Forman, of New Brunswick, New Jersey, who had become a resident of Tuckerton. They were married in 1821 and had seven children, all sons: John F.; William H.; Isaac; Joel A.: and Charles S., living, and Charles F'. and Henry are deceased. Their mother died in 1854 and Mr. Bodine married for his third wife Leah Alathis, who died May 5. 1879, and her husband lived only till M'ay 22, 1879. Originally a Jacksonian Democrat. Mr. Bodine was later a Whig and a Reiniblican and held the commission of justice of the peace. He was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he was a trustee. He was a tall, muscular man of dark complexion and had many friends. He will be remembered as one who put the Williamstown glass industry on a high standing. John Forman Bodine. a son of Joel and Phebe A. (Forman) Bodine, was born at Tuckerton, New Jersey, in 1821, and died in 1883. He had but a common-school education, but was of a studious mind, and by well selected reading became well educated. He was a surveyor and a member of the Surveyors' Association and a contributor to its productions. He learned window-glass blowing at Millville before he came to the W^illiamstown fac- tory in 1840. Fie w'as a natural financier, a man of mental ability, and as a Republican was elected to the assembly from Camden county in 1864, and was a state senator from Gloucester county in 1874. Later he was the county judge for fi\e years. A man of fine appearance, pleasant, genial and affable, he won and retained friends. He was a valued member of the Free- masons and of the Odd Fellows. He was also long a member of the ]\Ietlio- dist Episcopal church. By his first marriage, to Martha Swope. two children were born: Emma A., who became j\Irs. H. Atkins: and Phebe A., who became Mrs. Dr. Charles L. Dufifall. His second wife was Gertrude Boucher, of Claverack, New York. Their children now living are Joanna B.. who became Mrs. Samuel Garwood, and Alice L.. who married Dr. L. M. Halsey. both residents of Williamstown. William H. Bodine, the sole surviving child of Joel Bodine. was born January 9. 1824. at Tuckerton. New Jersey. He was educated at the com- mon schools and at Pennington Seminary, the latter after he had learned the trade of hollow-ware and glass-blowing. After one year at the seminary, he resumed glass-blowing and w'orked at it until 1846. making seven years that he passed at this labor. In 1846 he went to Bridgeton and managed the affairs of the g'ass factorv there for nine vears. then returned to Williams- 286 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST town and with his brothers. John F. and J. Alfred, formed the firm of Bodine iJrothers, and purchased the glass factory there. They were all practical men, — workers, not drones. John F. was placed in the department of sales. buying and finance, William H. was given the management of the work of the shops, and J. Alfred took the outside business and management of farms. Diligent, temperate and industrious, they were prospered and the firm con- tinued in successful operation for many years. In 1866 J. Alfred sold his interests to his brother John, who sold a large part of his interest in the busi- ness to Charles and Walter Thomas, and the firm became Bodine, Thomas & Company. In 1868 W. H. Bodine sold his interest to Isaac Sharpless, of Philadelphia. Sharpless later sold his interest to Colonel Wrotnosski. a brother-in-law of the Thomases, and after this the present corporation, "The Bodine Glass Works," was incorporated. Since his retirement from this busi- ness Mr. Bodine has merely attended to his personal affairs, which are ex- tensive enough to keep him from feeling that he is an idle man. A member of the Republican party since its organization, he has been active in its interests, but avoided public life and office. He has, however, been a justice of the peace for twenty years. He has a broad acquaintance in the religious circles of New Jersey. He has belonged to the Methodist Episcopal church since 1850 and always been active in its work and bene- factions. He had the honor of being a Sunday-school superintendent for twenty-five years, and for many years he was a vice president of the State Sunday-school Association, often its presiding ofificer. He was long the vice president for New Jersey in the International Sunday-school Union, and is the present president of the Gloucester County Sunday-school Asso- ciation. He was one of the old-time Sons of Temperance, and has been an Odd Fellow since 1848. passing the chairs in his local lodge. In 1852 he was made a Mason in Brearley Lodge. No. 2, of Bridgeton. and has been the worshipful master of the Williamstown lodge. In March, 1846, Mr. Bodine married Eliza E.. a daughter of William and Ellen (Thompson) Corkery. of Chester county, Pennsylvania. She died in July, 1856, and their children were Joel Francis; Mary Ellen, who married Dr. McCombs. of Philadelphia; William C. who died in childhood; Henry v.. and Phebe E.. deceased. In January, 1857. Mr. Bodine was united in marriage with Mary Virginia Slacum. a daughter of William and Sarah (Kinoin) Slacum, formerly of Eastern Shore. Maryland. Their children are William A.; Clara, deceased; Carrie AI.. deceased; S. Ida; Charles H. N.; and Cornelia W. and Aimie H.. twins. ]\Ir. Bodine inherited the physical characteristics of the Bodins, — a large and massive frame, great vitality, a broad and philosophic grasp of afi^airs. and is passing his closing years of CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 287 life with a serene content and in the enjoyment of the pleasing offices of his numerous posterity and large circle of friends. J. Alfred Bodine, born in 183 1 at Port Elizabeth, New Jersey, in addition to a common-school education finished the course of Pennington Seminary, then, as he was active and loved an outdoor life, he came to Williamstown and followed farming and its kindred employments until he became a mem- ber of the firm of Bodine Brothers, as previously told. He was an energetic man of great practical acquaintance with the affairs he conducted, and, w^hile he was a strong Republican, he left to others the filling of official stations, contenting himself with those of tax collector and freeholder. He, like his brothers, was one of the early Sons of Temperance and the principles of that society actuated him through life. He was a consistent member and trustee of the Methodist Episcopal church for many years and prominent in the ranks of the Knights of Pythias, having passed through the chairs of the local lodge. He married Phebe J. French, a daughter of Francis French, of Bass River, New Jersey. Their children now living are Ernest C; Louis F.. of Camden, New Jersey: Annabel: Jennie: Fannie, now Mrs. George Johnson, of Camden: and Vincent, of Camden. In 1879 Mr. Bodine moved to Camden, where, after an active and a successful life, he ended his days on January 23. 1899. Ernest C. Bodine, the eldest child of J. Alfred and Phebe J. (French) Bodine, was born in Williamstown, New Jersey, on January 3, 1858. He had an excellent common-school education, is a graduate of the C. C. Institute, Hackettstown, New Jersey, served in the United States Marine Corps for a time and then engaged in farming. He became connected with the Bodine Glass Works in December, 1898. and since February, 1899, has been the treasurer of the corporation. Republican in his political faith, he was a tax collector for ten years and served as the treasurer of the Building & Loan Association for nine years. He is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men and of the Jr. O. U. A. M.. and is the present recorder of the Williamstown Lodge, A. O. U. W. On the 25th of December, 1882, Mr. Bodine married Miss Anna E. Bugbee, a daughter of H. K. Bugbee, of William.stown, New Jersey. Their children are: J.Alfred: H.Keith: Ced- ric A.: Phoebe: E. Kent: Margaret H.: John F.; and Francis F. FRANKLIN E. BRENXEIS. Of the farming interests of Logan township, Gloucester county, this gentleman is a representative, and the place upon which he now resides was also the place of his birth. The date of that event was August 2^. 1866. His 288 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ])arents, Nicholas and Elizabeth (Hovermale) Brenneis, were natives of W'achenheim, Rlieinfels, Germany. In 1850 ihe father came to America and soon afterward located in Logan township, where he owned two farms. These he cultivated for a number of years, but at length retired to private life, tp.king up his residence in Swcdesboro in 1892. He was married in 1852, and on the Tst of February, 1897, was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife. In their family were se\'en children: Alary, the wife of Andrew C. Rode: Henry, who is operating one of his father's farms: Anne, wife of John Macon, of Bridgeport; Sarah, the wife of Edward Verrick, of Swedesboro; Lizzie, who became the wife of Phillip Whitte, and died at the age of twenty- eight years: Louisa, the wife of Louis Fulger, of Bridgeport: and Franklin. Air. Brenneis, of this review, is indebted to the public-school system of his native town for the educational privileges that fitted him for the respon- sible duties of life. He has followed farming throughout his business career, and in February, 1899, purchased his present home, comprising forty-eight acres of rich land. Its cultivation results in bringing to him a good income, and he is accounted one of the practical and progressive agriculturists of his community. On the 9th of March, 1892, Mr. Brenneis was united in marriage to Aliss Fannie Butcher, a daughter of Iredel Butcher, of Richmantown, New Jersey. They now have an interesting little daughter. Viola. He is a member of the Independent Order of Red Men, the Bridgeport Grange, and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. In politics he is a Democrat, and has been a member of the board of registry of Logan township. Having always lived in that township, he has a wide acquaintance and enjoys the high regard of the best people of the localit}'. WILLIAM G. NIXOX. /William G. Xixon, prominent in banking circles, in Cumberland county, /New Jersey, was Ijorn in Fairfield township, Cumberland county, December 6, 1 81 8, the son of Jeremiah and Mar}' (Thompson) Xixon. The Xixon ancestral line probably goes back to 1685. when two English ancestors, brothers, came over with the Penn colony to Philadelphia. One of these brotliers settled in what is now Cumberland county, Xew Jersey, and is probably the ]jrogenitor of the Xixons in this region. The line of record is Jeremiah (ist). liorn February i, 171C); Jeremiah (2d), born April 6, 1739: Jeremiah (3d), born April J^, 1770; Jeremiah (4th), born September 20, 1794, the father of William (j.. born December 6. 1818, the first son and second child of a faniih' of six children. Thev were in order of birth. ^'^^ Jn^C(r^.^iy COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 289 Isabel, William G., John Thompson, James O., Rhoda and Anna. Many of the children of the various members of this family have held important busi- ness, financial and ofiScial positions in this and other states; and have been and are consequential factors in church, state and the business world. Thev include presidents of banks, memljers and officers of large corpora- tions, and directors and trustees of prominent institutions of learning-. William G. Nixon was educated in the common schools of Delaware and of Cumberland county, New Jersey. Refusing to go to college and having a strong liking for finance, he left school in his seventeenth year and took a position in a banking house in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He remained with the house for three years, when he received an offer from the Cumberland Bank, Cumberland county. New Jersey, which he accepted. In 1844 he was elevated to the position of cashier in this bank, a position which he- held until his resignation in 1885, when he was made the i)resident of the bank. In November. 1843. ^^ ^'^'^s married to Sarah B.. a daughter of James B. Potter, the president of the First Cumberland Bank. They have had two children: James Boyd, born August i, 1847, ^'^as graduated at Princeton College, was a trusted and successful lawyer, married Eleanore M. Scull, a granddaughter of David Reeves, the founder of the Cumberland nail and iron works at Bridgeton (1816) and had six children: Mar)-, who married a lawyer of Council Blufifs, Iowa; Mabel, Norma, Elanore. Boyd and Barron. The second son, William Barron, now deceased, born July 19, 1855, married Mar\' Alice, a daughter of Rev. Dr. Lincoln, by whom he had one son, William G. The deceased lost his life by the accident of a collision of carriages in Philadelphia. September 3. 1893. GEORGE J. KINKLE. JR. As the proprietor of a good market in Bridgeton George A. Kinkle is connected with the business interests of Cumberland county. He was born September 3. 1861, in Jackson, Atlantic county, his parents being George and Man.- (Rick) Kinkle. The family name is of German origin. The paternal grandfather v.as Joseph Kinkle, who resided in Wittenberg, Ger- manv. where he carried on business as a wine merchant. He had three sons and two daughters, all of whom came to this country. George Kinkle, Sr.. the father of our subject, crossed the Atlantic to America in early manhood and took up his abode in Jackson, Cumberland county, where he afterward married Miss Mav Rick. Subsequently he removed to Bridgeton, where he 290 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Ijecame the proprietor of a hotel. He is now living retired in this city. His political sup4:)ort is given to the Democratic party and he is a well known and highly esteemed resident of Cumberland county. His wife is also living, and they are members of the Lutheran church. In their family are three sons and four daughters: George, Jacob, John, ]Mary. William, Carrie and Birdie. George .\. Kinkle, whose name introduces this review, was educated in the public schools of Bridgeton. completing the regular course. He after- ward learned the butcher's trade, which he has since followed. In 1883 he began conducting a market en his own account at No. 40 South Pearl street, and has since secured a liberal patronage, meeting with creditable success in his business affairs. He is energetic and earnest in his desire to please his patrons, and has built up an excellent trade. On the 8th of July, 1883, Mr. Kinkle was married to Miss Sarah Green, and to them have been born two daughters, — Emma and Clara. Mr. Kinkle belongs to the Improved Order of Heptasophs, and is a member of the Ger- man Lutheran church. He possesses considerable musical talent and at one time was a member of the City Cornet Band of Bridgeton, of eighteen pieces. He is also a member of Bridgeton Castle, Knights of the Golden Eagle; Cohanzey Tribe, I. O. R. 'SI., and Cumberland Lodge, K. P. He takes an active interest in politics, supporting the Republican party, and always keeps well informed on the issues of the day. In 1881 he became connected with the Cohanzey (No. i) Engine & Hose Company, now the Bridgeton Fire Department, and has since labored effectivelv to promote its interests. Since April, 1899. he has served as the chief of the department, which is a paid department of twenty-seven members. Well equipped, its work has been most useful and its apparatus includes two engines, one hook and ladder wagon, one hose cart and two three-wheeled trucks. He was elected by the city council, December 25, 1899, to the position of electrician of the Bridge- ton fire department. Mr. Kinkle is a progressive and pulilic-spirited citizen who gives a loyal support to all measures which he believes to be for the public benefit, and his labors have resulted in the upbuilding and advancement of the city in which he has so long made his home. FRANK S. FITHIAN. Frank S. Fithian is a financier of marked ability who is now occupying the responsible position of chief clerk in the water department of the city of Camden. His ability in controlling extensive business interests well fits CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 291 him for the duties that now devolve upon liim. and in a most efficient manner he has fulfilled the work of his office. JMr. Fithian was born in Bridgeton. New Jersey, December 15, 1864, and is a son of Charles B. Fithian, a native of Cumberland county. The grandfather also was born in Cumberland county, and the great-grandfather was a native of Scotland. Charles B. Fithian has made farming his life work and is now residing in Pennsylvania, at the age of sixty-eight years. He married Emma Sheppard, also a native of Cumberland county, and to them were born seven children, of whom six are living. Frank S. Fithian obtained his education in the public schools of Bridgeton, but put aside his text- books at the age of thirteen years and entered upon his business career in the capacity of errand boy with John J. Bailey & Company, proprietors of a large dry-goods and notion house in Philadelphia. Gradually he worked his way upward, his close application, his fidelity and ability winning him promotion from time to time, until he becamic the head of one of the depart- ments of the store. In 1891 he came to Camden and in June of that year was appointed by the city council to the office of chief clerk in the water department, a position w'hich he has since acceptably filled. There annually passes through his hands in this department one hundred and sixty thousand dollars, handling in the month of June, 1899, one hundred and ten thousand dollars. To those who know Mr. Fithian and are familiar with his character- istics, it is needless to say that he has been most faithful to his trust, account- ing for every cent that has passed over his counter. He has ever merited the confidence reposed in him and is not only honorable but possesses business qualifications that enable him to administer the affairs of his office in a most efficient manner. On the 30th of Xovemljer, 1883. 'Sir. Fithian was happily married to Aliss Emma Wrifford, the daughter of Charles W'rififord, a contractor of Camden, and they now have one child, Leslie, and their pleasant home is the center of the cultured society circle. Since attaining his majority Mr. Fithian has been a stalwart advocate of the Republican party and is a recognized leader in its ranks, from the third ward of Camden. He keeps well informed on the issues of the day and does all in his power to secure the adoption of Republican principles. He has served as a member of the board of education and was the chairman of the committee that started the Camden Manual Training School. Socially he is connected with the Masonic fraternity, with the Red Men, the Knights of the Golden Eagle, and the Benevolent Pro- tective Order of Elks, having served for eight years as financial secretary of the Golden Eagle Lodge. While holding political office he manifests the same fidelity in his work as if it was a private business interest. In political 292 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST circles lie is very pro'ininent. and in all classes of society he is popular, for in manner he is genial and courteous and has the ability to tactfully recognize good points in every individual. \VILLL\M E. MASSEY. The history of this gentleman seems almost phenomenal, for he has attained a degree of success that is remarkable., He is the youngest but the most prominent real-estate dealer in Ocean City, and his business has reached extensive proportions, thus bringing to him a comfortable income. He was born in Englishtown, Monmouth county. New Jersey, October 17, 1875, and is a .son of William A. and Mary Jane (Coolbaugh) Massey. His father is a well-known minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, and was born in Kent county, Delaware. He was educated in Fort Edward Insti- tute, New York, and at Dickinson College, where he completed a classical course and was graduated in the year of 1873. He then entered the ministry and became a member of the New Jersey conference. He served a full term of three years at Little Silver, Bordentown and Swedesboro by appointment, and in the spring of 1890 was assigned to work at Ocean Citv, where he remained for four years. During his pastorate at this place a house of worship and a commodious parsonage were erected, and the membership of the organization was greatly augmented. On removing from Ocean Cit_\' he Vicnt to South River, thence to Camden, and at the present time he is the pastor of the Methodist church in Goshen. His life is marked by earnest de\-otion to the cause which he has espoused and his influence is widely felt in church circles. He has been twice married, the children of the first union being William Everett: Sarah Jane, the wife of Robert Barl)er. who is engaged in mining, lumbering and hardware business in Hazelton, Pennsylvania; and Everett C, who died at the age of four years. The mother of these children died in November, 1892, at the age of fortv-two. and Rev. Massey has since married Miss Ro.xanna G. Corson, by whom he has three children: Gershom. Reynolds and Anna E. William E. Massey, of this review, having attended the public schools, entered Pennington Seminary in 1892 and would have graduated the follow- ing year but for the death of his mother, which occasioned a change in his plans. It was at first his intention to prepare for entrance in the Columbia Law School, but putting aside this view he turned his attention to the real- estate and insurance business in 1893. when eighteen years of age. Open- ino- an of^ce in Ocean City he has prospered from the beginning, and his CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 293 business has constantly grown in volume and importance. He was asso- ciated with Charles A. Campbell under the partnership name of W. E. Massey & Company for two years, and after that connection was dissolved he formed a partnership with Reuben W. Edwards, under the firm style of IMassey & Edwards, doing a real-estate, insurance and conveyancing busi- ness, with their office at No. 811 Asbury avenue. Mr. Massey is also financially interested in the insurance firm of E. C. Leeds & Company, one of the oldest in their line in Camden. He is interested in several beach front operations. Mr. Massey w^as married September 22, 1897, to Miss Wilhelmina Radcliffe, a daughter of Richard B. Radcliffe, of Millville, who is the manager of the Millville Manufacturing Company. They have one child, W. Everett. Mr. Massey is now serving as a steward of the First Methodist Episcopal church and as the assistant superintendent of the Sunday-school, and is also a member of several ijeneficent orders in the city. In politics he is an earnest Republican and is now filling the office of justice of the peace. A gentleman in the truest sense of the word, he is possessed of innate refinement and superior intelligence, and in manner he is affable and genial. His success has been so worthily won that the most envious could not wish that his business had been other than prosperous. His methods in all transactions are entirely reliable and all w'ho know him enter- tain for him the highest regard on account of his excellent qualities of heart and mind. EDWARD LEE ROSS. As the river whose deep and steady current, winding among fair land- scapes, past blossoming fields and through busy towns, blessing millions of people and enhancing the wealth of nations, affords little of that wild and romantic scenery -nhich startles the traveler or delights the artist, so those lives w'hich contribute most tow'ard the improvement of a state and the well- being of a people are seldom the ones which furnish the most brilliant pas- sages for the pen of the historian or biographer. There is, in the anxious and laborious struggle for an honorable competence and a solid career of the business or professional man fighting the every-day battle of life, but little to attract the idle reader in search of a sensational chapter; but for a mind thoroughly awake to the reality and meaning of human existence there are noble lessons in the life of a man, who, without other means than a clear head, a strong arm and a true heart, conquers adversity, and toiling on through the work-a-dav vears of a long career finds that he has won not only wealth 294 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST but also something far greater and higher, — the deserved respect and esteem of those with whom his years of active Hfe placed him in contact. Such a man and one of the leading citizens of Cape May Court House is Edward Lee Ross, who was born in the city which is still his home, March ID, 1852, his parents being John H. and Rhoda (Ludham) Ross. The Ross family is of Scotch origin. Thomas Ross, the paternal great-grandfather, li\ed in Xunmieytown, Cape May county, and was at one time a man of considerable wealth. His political support was given the Republican party, and he died in 1830, at the age of seventy-five years. His children were Thomas, John, Charlotte and Mary. Of this family Thomas Ross became the grandfather of our subject. He was born at Nummeytown, made farm- ing his life work, and resided at Green Creek, Cape May county, yet in his early years he was captain of a sloop. His political support was given the Whig party, and in his religious belief he was a Methodist. He served as a member of a militia company during the war of 1812 and did patrol duty, acting as guard along the shore. He married Eleanor Hand, and their chil- dren were as follows: A\'ilson: Julia, the wife of Anthony Penezet; John H., our subject's father, and Ellen, the wife of Joseph Smith; George W. and Edmond Lee. The parents of these children were both seventy-five years of age when they departed this life. Jeremiah Ludham, the maternal grandfather of our subject, was born in Cape JNIay county and lived at To\^nsend Lilet in Middle township. By occupation he was a farmer, but spent his last years in retirement from active labors. He held membership in the Asbury Methodist Episcopal church and took an active part in its work, doing all in his power to promote its growth and insure its success. He exercised his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the ^Vhig party. The children of Jeremiah Ludham and his wife Maria were: Lottie, the wife of David T. Smith, a sea captain, who afterward followed farming, but is now living retired; Amelia, the wife of ex-Senator Richard S. Leaning, who was a shipbuilder of Dennisville; Rhoda S., the mother of our subject; Ruhama, the widow of Humphrey Cresse, who was a farmer and speculator and became quite wealthy and prominent; she has two children, — Elida and Lena, but the latter is now deceased; Franklin, who died at. the age of thirty years. Emma became the wife of Stephen H. Bennett, a miner and farmer, who lived a retired life for thirty-two years, and b}- whom she had two children: Frederick, a civil engineer, now in Central America; and Lenora, at home. John H. Ross, the father of our su1)ject. was born at Green Creek. Octo- ber 26, 1820, and was educated in private schools in Cape May county. He was a seafaring man in early life, shipping before the mast at the age of nine- COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEIF JERSEY. 295 teen years. For fourteen years he experienced the pleasures and hardships of "a life on the ocean wave," and for six 3-ears was the captain of a vessel. He owned and sailed the schooner Jake Lancaster, built at Cape ]\Iay, and was also financially interested in other vessels. He then turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, which he followed until 1866. when he retired from the farm, and has since been engaged m the oyster business in Burleigh. He is now residing at Cape May Court House, and is enjoying the comforts Secured through the handsome competence that has come to him through his well directed and unremitting efforts. In his political views he is a Re- publican, and in his religious faith a iSIethodist, holding membership in the church of that denomination in Cape May Court House. He has served as a steward and trustee, and has taken a very active and efficient interest in the church work. He has reached the advanced age of seventy-nine years, and his wife has passed the age of se\'enty years. In their famil}- were two children, but one son died in infancy. In the public and private schools of Cape May Court House Mr. Ross of this review acquired his education, and also pursued his studies for a time in Philadelphia. At the age of sixteen he left home and went to sea. This was much against the desire of his parents, but the water had great attrac- tion for him, and exercising his own pleasure and will in the matter, he secured a position on the A. M. Aldrich, a vessel engaged in the coasting trade. He followed the sea for six j-ears, and was promoted by successive stages. Owing to ill health, in 1873. ^^c ^^'^s obliged to retire from service. He spent the winter of 1873-4 for the benefit of his health in Colorado. Re- turning in the summer of 1874. he was made master of the Howard A. Hunt in February, 1875. which made voyages to southern ports, visiting Cuba and points in South America. In 1883 he purchased the mercantile business of Smith Hand at Cape May Court House. He erected his present store building, twenty-four by sixty feet, and now has a splendidly equipped gen- eral mercantile establishment, which receives a fair share of the public patronage. He also owns the adjoining store building, the rental therefrom supplementing his income, and is engaged in the coal, grain and flour busi- ness. His operations in those commodities are extensive and make him one of the leading dealers in those lines. He also conducts a feed mill, and purchasing grain by the car load from the west he converts it into feed, which he sells for the wholesale trade. His business interests are varied and extensive, and in addition to those mentioned he is a member and director of the Mechanics and Laborers' Building & Loan Association, with which he became connected before attaining his majority. He is also a member of the State Mutual Building & Loan Association of Xew Jersey, and a member 296 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and director of tlie Building & Loan and Mutual Life Insurance Company. On the 23d of July, 1877, Mr. Ross was united in marriage to Miss Anna Lloyd, a daughter of Thomas and Anna (Spaulding) Lloyd, the former a marble cutter of Philadelphia. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Ross have been born three children: Howard, a hotel clerk in Hadden Hotel, in .Vtlantic City; John; and Bertha, a graduate of the State Normal School and engaged in teaching. Lt his iiolitical affiliations Mr. Ross has always been a stanch Repub- lican and has taken a deep interest in the growth and advancement of the party, being a recognized leader in its ranks in the county. The first public office he ever held was that of county collector, to which he was elected in May, 1888. At each election since that time he has been chosen for the office, being elected in May, 1899, for a three-years term, and by virtue of his office he is also a member of the board of freeholders. Elected to the state legislature he served in the house in the sessions of 1892, 1893 and 1894, filling that position at the time of the coal-combine excitement and during the period of the race-track legislation. In 1896 he was elected to the state senate, and served on the committees on appropriations and riparian rights. He is a valued member of several civic societies, belonging to Ar- butus Lodge, No. no, F. & A. M.; Hereford Lodge, No. 108, I. O. O. F.; Ponemah Tribe, I. O. R. M., of which he is treasurer; and Friendship Lodge, No. 45, A. O. U. W. He is an honorary member of the Cape May Guards, and belongs to the Baptist church, in which he has held a number of official positions. Mr. Ross is recognized as one of the most able business men of Cape May Court House. His sagacity and foresight enable him to make judicious in- vestments, while his diligence, indomitable energy and undaunted perse- verance have won him a prosperity that numbers him among the substantial citizens of the county. He has also arisen to a position of distinction in the political circles of the state, and his career, both public and private, is marked by the strictest integrity and faithfulness to every trust reposed in him. F. L. RICHARDSON. Mr. Richardson, who is now serving as the postmaster of Cape May, is widely known in the county, for he has long been identified with its business interests and has thereby gained an extended acquaintance. He was bom at Rio Grande, February 23, 1842, and is a son of Jeremiah and Hannah (Leaming) Richardson. His great-grandfather, Jeremiah Richardson, was COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF XEJV JERSEY. 297 a native of Connecticut, and with his brother came to Cape May county at an early period in its development. Tlie father of our subject was bom in this county, was reared on a farm, and after attaining his majority he built a vessel, which was engaged in the coasting trade. He also owned a farm at Rio Grande, where his family lived, but he was lost at sea, when about forty years of age. He was a Republican and was a man of sterling worth. In his family were five children: F. L., of this review; Sophia, the wife of Brookfield Goble; Jeremiah, who died at the age of thirteen years; Julia, who died at the age of twelve years: Charles W., who married Miss Lee. The mother of these children was called to her final rest at the age of sixty- four years. Mr. Richardson of this review pursued his studies in the public schooJs of Rio Grande, but at the age of twelve years was forced to put aside his text- books and aid in the support of the family, for he was the eldest son, and his services were needed in providing a livelihood. He began work at thirty cents per day. He reared his youngest brother, Charles, who is now a mem- ber of the firm of Adams & Richardson, wholesale dealers in provisions and groceries, conducting one of the largest establishments of the kind in the south. On leaving home F. L. Richardson went to sea and spent consid- erable time on vessels engaged in the coasting trade. He afterward served an apprenticeship to the butcher's trade and then engaged in the grocery and provision business in Cape May, continuing the conduct of his store for fifteen years, when ill health forced him to dispose of the store. He then became the proprietor of a hotel at Cape May, — the Carroll Villa, — which his wife still owns,^ — and later he became the proprietor of the Star Villa. He is now engaged in the insurance business, representing the Royal, London, Lancaster and the German-American Companies, of which he has been agricultural agent for fifteen years. He is also engaged to some extent in speculating in real estate, and owns some valuable property. On the 14th of April, 1888, he was appointed by President Harrison to the position of post- master and served for four years and eleven months. In May. 1898, he was reappointed to that position by President McKinley, and is now acceptably discharging the duties of that position. He has ser\^ed in other public offices, having been a member of the city council, and was also city treasurer. For two terms of three years each he was a member of the school board, and in 1888 he was elected to represent his district in the state legislature. He was also sergeant-at-arms in the state senate for two years, and in all these offices has made a most creditable record, winning high commendation bv his faithful and patriotic discharge of the duties devolving upon him. He 298 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST is a member of the Union Rcpul)lican Cluh and his iniluence has been quite marked in ])olitical circles. On the 23d of December, 1875, Mr. Richardson married Milhccnt Hil- dretli, and to them have been born two children, — Frank C. and Edith. The daughter is at home and the son is now a member of the engineering corps of the Pennsylvania Railroad, having graduated in the University of Penn- sylvania on the completion of a course in the electrical, mechanical and civil engineering department. Of a number of civic societies I\lr. Richardson is a valued representative. He belongs to Cape May Lodge, No. 30, F. & A. M., and was its treasurer for seven years. He also belongs to Richmond Chapter, No. 22, R. A. M., and Olcott Commandery, No. 10, K. T., both of Millville. He belongs to Kensington Lodge, No. 5, Knights of Birmingham, is a charter member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and of the Improved Order of Hep- tasophs. He is a director in the Masonic Relief Association and is also a member of the Masonic Relief Association of Paterson, New Jersey. One of the most prominent and esteemed citizens of Cape May, over his record there falls no shadow of wrong, and he has left the impress of his strong individuality for good upon the political, .social and business life of the countv. GEORGE HAMPTON. George Hampton, of the firm of Hampton & Fithian, attorneys at law, Bridgeton, was born here February 14. 1869, a son of Charles G. and ]\Iary Ann (Errickson) Hampton. Henry Hampton, the great-grandfather of the young Bridgeton lawyer, was a native of Cedar\'ille, Cumberland county, and a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania. He married Sarah Har- ris, a daughter of Isaac Harris and his wife, Ruth Ogden, of Cedarville. Henry, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born at Manan- tico, 9n the Maurice river, and was a farmer, but there is only a brief record of his simple country life. Charles G. Hampton, the father of George, was born in Milhille, this county, receiving" his education in the common schools of the place, also in Shiloh Academy and in the State Normal School at Trenton, this state. From the latter institution he received a diploma. After his graduation he accepted a position as instructor in the Giles Street School, of Bridge- ton, where he remained for some years. He afterward taught for a short time in Salem, New Jersey, after which he had charge of the Bank Street School in Bridgeton until 1875. In that year he was elected sheriff of Cum- COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY 299 berland county for a term of three years. He represented ward i in the common council for a time, and was the judge of the court of common pleas during Governor Leon Abbett's first term of ofifice. His valuable service in this last capacity received due recognition by a reappointment on the expiration of his first term of five years. In his second term he resigned in order to accept the ofiice of county superintendent of schools, for which he was well adapted both by education and practical knowledge. This ofifice he filled until his death, which occurred February 22, 1895. He married Miss ^Ithvx Ann Errickson, a daughter of Mr. Thomas and Anna Buck Westcott Errickson, of Leesburg, and became the father of a num- ber of children, of whom two are living: George, the subject of this sketch, and Mary B. W., the wife of Frank A. Brown, of Cranbun,', Middlesex county, New Jersey. The mother, who sur^-ives her husband, is a com- municant of the First Presbyterian church of Bridgeton. ;Mrs. Hampton died May i, 1899. George Hampton obtained his elementary education in the public schools of Bridgeton, and subsequently studied at the \\'est Jersey Academv, from wdiich in due time he graduated. After leaving the academy he read law in the oflfice of Potter & Xixon, and was admitted to the bar during the November term of the supreme court in 1894. He remained in Colonel Potter's offiice as his assistant until September. 1895, when he formed his present partnership with J. Hampton Fithian. The families of both are well known and highly respected in Bridgeton. Mr. Hampton was elected mayor of the City of Bridgeton in the spring of 1900, for a term of three years. He is a member of Lodge Xo. 129. Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which he is a past grand master; of Colanthe Lodge, Xo. 103, Knights of Pythias; of Hope Council, Junior Order of United American 3ilechanics; and of Tewah Tribe, Xo. 197, Improved Order of Red Men. JOSEPH H. HAXES. The possibilities of the present and not of the future are those which in- dicate the path to success. The man who can realize that the present is his opportunity and that his chance lies not in some coming time, is the one who advances steadily toward the goal of prosperity, passing many who started upon life's highway before he began his journey. It is this element in the career of !Mr. Hanes that has enabled him to gain a prominent position in the business world, and his marked abilitv has gained him recognition in 300 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST jjolitical circles where public honors have been bestowed upon him. He is recognized to-day as one of the leatling and influential citizens of Cape May county, and an enumeration of those men of the present generation who have won honor and public recognition for themselves and at the same time ha\e honored the state to which they belong would be incomplete were there failure to make prominent reference to the one whose name initiates this paragraph. Mr. Hanes was born in Woodstown. Salem county. New' Jersey, Se])- temher 20. 1845, his parents being John and Harriet (Mattson) Hanes. The father was a native of Gloucester county, Xew Jersey, and for fifty years re- sided in Woodstown, Salem county, where he followed various pursuits. In early life he was a Whig and a stanch abolitionist, and when the Repul)- lican party was formed to prevent the further extension of slavery he joined its ranks and gave to it his earnest support. He held membership in the Society of Friends, and died in the faith of that society in 1863, at the age of seventy-three years. He had seven children: 'Sla.ry Ann, the wife of Clarence Mahew, a wheelwright at Greenwich. New Jersey; Margaret, the wife of John Hanes, a farmer of Salem county; Elizabeth, who married Harry Eft, then a farmer of Salem county, but is now living in El Paso, Illinois; Esther, the wife of Isaac Middleton, a harness-maker of Camden, New Jersey; Aaron, a brick manufacturer of Yorktown, New Jersey, who married Charlotte Stanger, of Salem county; Edward, who married Harriet Piatt and is engaged in merchandising in Woodstown; and Joseph, of this review. Hon. Joseph H. Hanes acquired his education in the Woodstown Acad- emy, a school conducted under the auspices of the Society of Friends. At the age of sixteen he put aside his text-books and began to learn the black- smith's trade, and on its completion he learned the machinist's trade, after which he established a shop in Cape May, where he carried on business along those lines for twenty years. He was an expert worker in iron, and his skill gained him a large patronage. From 1866 until 1886 he closely applied himself to that work and then began general contracting on public works, making a specialty of the construction of water-works. He built the .Woods- town water-works, the Milford, in Delaware, and did the greater part of the work on the water-works in Salem and Bridgeton, New Jersey, and in Wayne, Pennsylvania. He also built the Cape May water-works, and the lighthouse at Jocaalake Bay, Virginia. He employs seventy-five men. which indicates the extent of his business. His marked skill and thorough understanding of the best methods of construction of water-works have secured him a liberal [jatronage. and his contracts are important and nn- CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 301 merous. Thus through the legitimate channels of business he has acquired a handsome competence, and is accounted one of the leading representatives of the industrial interests of his section of the state. His fitness for leadership has frequently led to the selection of Mr. Hanes for position of public trust and responsibility, and he is regarded as one of the prominent representatives of the Repubhcan party in his county. In 1878 he was elected to the city council of Cape May for a three-years term, and so ably discharged his duties that he was re-elected in 1881 and again in 1884. In 1885 he was once more chosen for that of^ce, but declined to sen^e. For three years he acted as the president of the council and labored most earnestly and efifectually for the best interests of the city, largely pro- moting its progress along educational and material lines. In 1885 he was elected to represent his district in the state senate. For six years previous to that time the county had given Democratic majorities, but he was selected over Representati\-e Ludlam by a majority of one hundred and twenty-five, and served in the upper house of the general assembly for three years. He was the chairman of the committees on unfinished busi- ness and the Industrial School for Girls and was a member of the commit- tees on corporations, labor and industries, and passed bills. An active working member of the senate, he labored earnestly and conscientiously to promote the welfare of the state and left the impress of his individuality upon the legislation of New Jersey. He has been a delegate to many county and congressional conventions and his opinions carry weight in the councils of his party. Mr. Hanes is now the chief of the volunteer fire department of Cape May, which ranks among the best in the state, a position which is largely due to him. He was one of its organizers and has been its chief for ten years. The department consists of three companies of forty men, and is splendidly equipped. There are now two engine houses, seven horses, two steam fire engines, an aerial hook and ladder truck, two hose carriages, one chemical engine and a complete modern system of alarm boxes. Mr. Hanes deserves high compliment for the efficiency and superiority of the department, which is a continual safeguard to the city and has done much creditable work in fighting the fiery element. The home life of our subject is very pleasant, and both Mr. antl Mrs. Hanes are highly esteemed and occupy an enviable position in social cir- cles. The lady was in her maidenhood Miss Harriet Harris, a daughter of Samuel Harris, of Salem county, and to them have been born three chil- dren: Jennie C; Helen, who died at the age of eighteen months; and Mil- dred. Mr. Hanes is a valued member of the Masonic fraternitv, holding 30_' BIOGRAPinCAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST iiKMiiliorslii]) in Capo Island Loili^c. Xo. 30. 1". iK; A. M.. in uhicli he passed all tlio chairs, scrvins;- as the grand master ftir two years, lie is also a mem- her of the Ancient Order of Tnited Workmen. In relitiion he was reared in the faith of the Society of I'riends, hnt now attends the P.aptist church, lie L;i\es his aid and co-operation to all movements which tend to henefit the connnnnity and promote its progress along educational, social, material and moral lines, lie has been and is distinctively a man of afifairs. and one who lias wielded a wide influence. .\ strong mentality, an invincible courage, a most determined individualit\- have so entered into his make-up as to render him a natural leatler of men and a director of opinion. T. ALFRED BODIXE. The history of every successful man who attains prosperity through earnest effort is worthy of perpetuity, for it contains lessons of value that may be profitably followed by the present and future generations. Along the well defined lines of labor, of perseverance, of enterprise and diligence Mr. Bodine worked liis way upward to success and made a reputation which was indeed enviable, for his Iiusincss methods merited the highest con- fidence. lie was born in Tort Elizabeth. Xew Jersey, December tt. 1831, and died January 23, 1899, in Camden. His father. Joel Bodine. was a native of Burlington countv, this state. Our subject attended the public schools and at an early age began working for his father, who was the proprietor of the glass-works of Williamstown, Xew Jersey. He thoroughly mastered the business l)oth in jirinciple aiid detail and from time to time assumed greater responsibility until at length he was made the president of the Bodine Glass Company, manufacturers of glass cans at Williamstown. He conducted this enterprise with marked ability. His considerate treatment of his employes brought to him in return their faithful service, and his honorable dealing with his patrons secured him a large trade. In 1879 he took up his abode in Camtlen, but continued in the presidency of the glass company and was also a director of the First National Bank at Glassboro. On the ^oth of Julv, 1854, Mr. Bodine was united in marriage to Miss Phoebe iMcnch. a representative of a jirominent family of Burlington county. Six children were born of their union, as follows: E. C. a resident of Williamstown; Lewis F., who makes his home in Xew ark, Xew Jersey; \nabelle, the widow of S. B. Suttons. of Camden; Jennie B., the widow of A. T. W. Johnson, of Camden; Fanny, the wife of George P. Johnson, of CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 303 Camden; and Vincent, married. The family is one of prominence in the community, its members holding high positions in social circles. It is often the case when one is engaged with extensive business interests that little opportunity is found to devote to the holier duties of life; but Mr. Bodine always had time to perform his part in church work. He was a leading member of the Tabernacle Alethodist Episcopal church, of Cam- den, and did all in his power to promote its growth and extend its influence. Socially he was connected with the Knights of Pythias fraternitv and was a worthy exponent of the benevolent principles of that order. He had the confidence anil high regard of men in all places. "His life was noble, and the elements so mixed in him That Nature might stand up and say to all the world, 'This was a man.' " CHARLES R. BARKER. Charles Rhodes Barker, prominently engaged in real estate and in- surance in Newbold, West Deptford township, Gloucester county. New Jer- sey, was born in JefTerson county. New York, November 12, 1848, a son of Rhodes Barker and Mary E. Huntington. Both his paternal and maternal ancestry were English. His grand- father, Ebenezer Barker, was a native of Rhode Island, but later became a citizen of Oneida county. New York, where he was a prominent and ]iro- gressive farmer and blacksmith. He married Priscilla Rhodes, who also was a native of Rhode Island, and they had eleven children: Ebenezer, de- ceased, Daniel, James. Macomber, John, Rhodes, Peleg, George, Josiah. and two whose names are not recorded. Both grandparents died in New York state. His father. Rhodes Barker, born in Oneida county, New York, was educated in the iiublic schools and afterward followed the vocation of a teacher for several years. He subsecpiently engaged in agricultural pursuits and continued therein during his after life. He removed to New Jersey about 1861 and died there in February, 1881. To him and wife were born four children: Charles Rhodes; Mary E., the wife of Dr. E. W. Lawrence, of Bridgeport, New Jersey; George IL, who married Marion Simonds and resides in Pasadena, California; and James Newton, who resides at Newark, New Jersey. Charles R. Barker was educated in the public schools of New York state and ]\Iantua Grove, New Jersey. He was reared to farm life and engaged in 304 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST agricultural pursuits until 1894. In June of that year he engaged in his present business in Newbold, where he is now serving his second term as commissioner of deeds. He is a member of Prosperity Lodge of the Inde- pendent Order of Mechanics. In political views he is a Democrat. His family attend the Presbyterian church. Mr. Barker was married in Woodbury, New Jersey, to Fannie H.. a daughter of David B. Leslie and Abigail Stevenson. They have three chil- dren, — Gertrude F., George L. and Carroll C. LEWIS EDWARDS. In the careful conduct of his agricultural interests and in the com- petent management oi other business aiifairs Lewis Edwards has acquired a capital which numl)ers him among the substantial citizens of South Dennis. Cape May county. The town in which he now makes his home is the place of his birth, his natal day being October 7, 1827. His parents were Amos and Abigail (Smith) Edwards. The paternal grandfather, Amos Edwards, was born on Long Island, but came to South Dennis about 1830, here spending the remainder of his life. He ^vas a blacksmith by trade, and followed that pursuit throughout his entire career. His political support was given the Democracy, and his military experience consisted of ser\ice in the war of 1812, at which time he did coast patrol duty. Both he and his wife died when seventy-eight years of age. They had three children: Amos; Lemuel, a blacksmith, who married Rhoda Smith, and has si.x children: Smith, Edward, Julia, Emma Shumaker, James and Adele; and James, who went west when a boy. Amos Edwards, father of our subject, was born at South Seaville, Cape May county, and for many years carried on blacksmithing in Seaville and Dennisville, his last days being spent in the latter place. He voted with the Democracy, and was a public-spirited citizen and a man of sterling worth. He married Abigail Smith, daughter of Jacob Smith, who was born in Den- nisville and became a farmer, engaging in the tilling of the soil throughout his active business life. For many years he capably served as justice of the peace and was also -postmaster at Dennis Creek Landing. He, too, was a Democrat in his political affiliations. He died in Dennisville at the age of fifty-eight years, and his wife passed away at the age of sixty years. Mr. and Mrs. Edwards became the parents of five children: Lewis is the eldest: Calvin S., a member of the firm of Edwards & Lawrence, clothiers, married Hannah Lawrence, and to them was born a daughter, Zilpah, now the wife of Charles iAy(yL4 Co oLcAy-of^y'z/^ CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 305 Wetzel, of Brooklyn; Francis, a grocer and ship-chandler at Port Richard. New Jersey, married Elizabeth Hogue, and has four children: Andrew. Francis, Jacob and Emma; Elmer, was married and had three children. — Elmer, Sallie and Mary, the first named being in the wholesale commission business in Denver, Colorado; and Amos married Judith Mathews, and has four children, Calvin, Amos. Lydia and Ella. He is now extensively engaged in the cordage business in Baltimore, Maryland. The father of this family died of cholera, when pnly thirty-four years of age, but the mother. long surviving him, passed away at the age of seventy-five years. In the district schools of Dennisville Mr. Edwards continued his educa- tion until eighteen years of age and then went to sea, shipping before the mast. Gradually, however, he worked his way upward until be became cap- tain of a coasting vessel, thus serving for twenty-five years. He followed the sea until 1872, and after his retirement from that life, he devoted his energies to farming and to the operation of a steam sawmill, manufacturing cedar lumber at Dennisville. He continued in that business until 1879, and was engaged in vessel building from 1880 until 1891, at Dennisville. during which time he constructed a number of large vessels, including the largest ever built at that place. He now devotes his energies to farming and gar- dening, for in addition to the cultivation of the cereals adapted to his climate he also raises vegetables for the citj' markets. He owns where he resides two hundred acres of valuable land and is the owner of woodland and cedar swamps in other sections of the country. Mr. Edwards has now passed the Psalmist's span of three score years and ten, but is still actively identified with business aiTairs and displays the ability and vigor of a man of much younger years. In 185 1 was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Edwards and Miss Abigail Matthews, a daughter of Samuel Matthews, a surveyor and merchant of Dennisville, who also handled cord wood and owned a number of sloops, being a well-to-do citizen. Unto ilr. and ^Irs. Edwards have been born five children, namely: Anna, who became the wife of Frank Learning; Lewis, who married Lizzie Byer, and is connected with the life-saving station at Sea Me City; Adolph. who has been agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Ocean City for ten years; Harry-, who at the age of nineteen years was lost at sea August 18, 1880, while going from Philadelphia to Boston on a vessel that was loaded with coal and was lost in a gale ofif Fire Island; and ^larcus, who died of appendicitis, at the age of twenty-seven vears. He was educated in Pierce's Business College and was regarded as the brightest student in the institution at the time he Avas pursuing his studies there. He was particularly intelligent and became an expert account- n— T 306 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ant. employing a ninnher of men uncler him. His senices were in great ilemand tliroughont his section of the country, and his loss was widely felt by his many friends. In his political affiliations Mr. Edwards is a Republican and has long supported tliat party, believing that it embodies the best principles of good government. He has been a delegate to various conventions of his party and has served as a member of the board of freeholders. He belongs to the ^[asonic fraternity and in his life has exemplified the teachings of the craft. — tlie justice in business, kindliness and helpfulness. His wonh as a man and a citizen entitle him to representation in this volume and with pleasure we present his record among those of the leading residents of southern Xew lersev. .\DOX \V. ML'LLER. Adon Wills Muller. a pamiinent citizen and farmer in Deptford town- ship. Gloucester county. Xew Jersey, was bom in Gloucester city. Camden county, this state. December u. 1S49. tl'^ *o" of Jacob Andrew Muller and Martha T. Wills. On his father's side he is of Swiss parentage. His mother is the daughter of Adon G. Wills, a family name long established in the state. His father emigrated from Switzerland after receinng a good education there, at the age of nineteen, and. arriving in America, settled in Gloucester. Xew Jersey. For a number of years he was the captain on a ferry-boat between Gloucester and Philadelphia. He later removed to Pennsyh-ania and for several years conducted a lumbering business in the Pocona moun- tains. Subsequently he removed to Deptford township. Xew Jersey, where he purchased a fann of one hundred and thirty-eight acres, upon which he made numerous improvements. He engaged in agriculture the balance of his life, dying in Deptford, March 3, 1S95. His children were: Eliza W"., bom in 1S40. who died in childhood: Jacob Andrew, deceased: Mary Sykes. the wife of Charles Smith; Robert Sykes. who resides near Sea Isle; Adon Wills: and Caroline C. who died in childhood. Adon Wills Muller. after attending the district schools of Deptford. con- tinued his education at Blackwood Academy. Leaving school he remained on his father's farm, and adopting the vocation of a farmer has since con- tinued that pursuit. Upon the death of his father he purchased his present farm, and is ranked among the solid and substantial farmers of his section. Politically Mr. Muller is a Republican and is the chairman of his township committee. He is also the fish and game warden for Gloucester county. His religious connections are with the Methodist Episcopal church. COX'GRF.SSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 307 In April, iSjc), Mr. M tiller was married to I'llizabeth, a dauijhter of Wil- liam and Christiana IllakehorouL;'!!. Mrs. Mullcr died November 10, 1S97, leaving;' as surviving children .Marion Westaeott, Anna LaCale, .\. Wills, John and I, h'rank. jamp:s m. tweed. James M. Tweed, of Williamslown, New Jersey, is one of those indus- trious, enterprising- citizens whose steady application to the business in hand has plaeeil him amoni;- the leading agriculturists of his section of the state. He was born ,it I lurrf\ille. Sciitcmbcr 9, 1852, and is of Irish parentage. The father. Sanniel Tweed, w;is born in Ireland, but came to America and settled in Fairview, in uS_>8. Later, in 1835, he moved to Millville and engaged in lumbering and charcoal burning. In 1854 he moved to Williams- town and worked in the glass factory until i860, and then bought the farm where his son now resides. He accumulated considerable property and was a man of excellent character. He was a regular attendant of the Presbyterian church, of which he was a member and trustee; and his death, which oc- curred in 1SS5, was deeply felt in that organization, lie was miited in mar- riage with Rose, ;i daughter of James McMaster, of Ireland. She died in 1879, being surxixed by two of her four children: James M. and I^llizabeth, the wife of William 1,. 1 la\-en, of Morristown, New Jersey. James M. 'iA\ eed received his early education in the country schools and his spare moments were spent in doing such chores as usually fall to the lot of the farmer boy. 1 le continued to work on the farm as he grew older and now has a tract of ninety-tive acres, which he cultivates and devotes to general farming, truck gardening and grazing. He has a fine dairy and one of the best milk routes in that part of the county. He has built up a large patronage and the best (piality of milk is always furnished, it l)cing his espe- cial care to see lli.il the cows are in a clean, healthy condition and the milk drawn and put \\\) in the best possible shape for the market. Air. Tweed was married January i, 1880, to Miss Priscilla, a daughter r)f William M. (iodfrey, of lilackwood. Eight children have been born to them, of whom se\en are living. They arc: Stewart E., a student ;il Rut- gers Scientilic College; (leorge C., now learning mould-making at the llodine (ilass Works; Ricluards I., Samuel V.. Ennna C., .\nna Rose and William (\. Mr. Tweed is a Repulolican and has been a member of the town- ship connnittee for seven years and treasurer two years. He is also actively interested in the cause of education and has served on the school board, making an able and efificient member. He has been a trustee of the Pres- 3o8 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST byterian church, is one of its elders at present and has served as the su])erin- tendent of the Sunday-school for the past sixteen years, doing much to build u]) the school and increase its membership. DAVID P. ELMER. David Potter Elmer, a merchant and dealer in real estate, was born in Bridgeton, New Jersey, September 21, 1816, the son of William and Nancy B. (Potter) Elmer. His education was received from the public schools and at the Bridgeton i\cademy up to fifteen years of age. when he left school and entered the g^eneral store of J. B. & R. B. Potter in Bridgeton as clerk. He soon became the manager of the store, and in 1837, buying out the in- terest of R. B. Potter, the firm name was changed to Potter & Elmer. He continued as merchant until 1846, when he retired from mercantile business and thereafter devoted himself to real estate, buying and selling various properties, becoming identified with corporate interests. In 1844 he was one of the founders of the Cumberland Insurance Company, organized that year, of which he subsequently became president. Mr. Elmer was a Republican, was elected a freeholder, was a prominent Odd Fellow and a member of the Presbyterian congregation, of which he was for many years a trustee. In February. 1853. he was married to Mary Eliza Nixon, by whom he had three children: Martha, who married Captain H. K. Bailey, of the Fifth Infanti"}-. Company K, United States Army, who participated in the occupation of Santiago: they have one daughter, Mar- garetta; Howard Nixon, who married Mary, the daughter of General Rob- ert Patterson, of Philadelphia: he is the western manager of the New Jersey Steel and Iron Company and resides at Chicago. The thirtl child is James Potter, born in 1857. received an academic education and is the assistant passenger agent for the St. Paul and North-western Railroad, residing" at St. Paul. Wisconsin. JESSE C. DAVIS. Jesse Coombs Davis, prominent in business and public afYairs in Cum- berland county. New Jersey, was born in Porris Branch, that county. August 15. 1830. the son of Joel and Priscilla (Coombs) Davis. His father was a veteran of the war of 1812. a farmer by occupation and died at Bridget. New Jersey, where he had removed late in life, at the age of seventy-three years. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 309 Of the twelve children Jesse was the eleventh. Of these there are but four living. Mr. Davis was educated in the private schools of Cumberland county, and subsequently learned the carpenter's trade, which he successfully fol- lowed for forty-five years, latterly being engaged upon important contracts. In 1886 he became deputy of Trenton state prison, continuing as such for five years. Since 1891 he has served as a justice of the peace, commissioner of deeds and given his attention in a business way largely to dealings in real estate. He is a stanch Republican and has also ser\'ed as the commissioner of appeals. During the civil war he served in Company G, Twenty-fourth New Jer- sey Volunteers, enlisting in August, 1862. and was wounded in the hi]) by a shell in the battle of Fredericksburg. In August, 185 1, Mr. Davis was married to Miss Mary Elizabeth Fergu- son. They have had two children: Joel L., who died young; and Frank, who is a printer by trade. DR. ELLSMER STITES, M. D. Dr. Ellsmer Stites was born in Newport, Cumberland county, New Jer- sey, January 13, 1867, the son of Edward and Sarah (Bradford) Stites. His father, Edward Stites, was a thoroughly self-made man, a native of New- port, New Jersey, but never enjoyed the advantages of an early education. What he lacked, however, in early school facilities, he subsequently sup- plied by self-application and took a strong position in the community as a solid and substantial citizen. Ellsmer Stites supplemented his early educational advantages by his medical studies, and receiving his diploma entered upon practice and soon acquired distinction not only in general practice but also in the practice of specialties, upon which he is a recognized authority. He served as the president of the Bridgeton board of health for two years, has held high official positions in connection with the Cumberland County Medical Society and is a member of the State Medical Society. He has also contributed occasional important articles to various medical publi- cations. His 'specialty is gynecology. His general practice covers a wide circuit. He is a member of Brenly Lodge and Chapter, F. & A. M., and of Olivet Commandery, and is a prominent Odd Fellow, in this organization holding his membership in Bridgeport Lodge. 310 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST LEWIS MITCHELL CRESSE. In the building of a nation or the developing' of a new country there are names which form the foundation and corner-stones that stand strong, unal- terable and secure. In the history of Cape May county that of Cresse is one upon which the structure largely depends, on account of its association with the early landed proprietors, the judiciary representatives and the religious organizations. The southern portion of New Jersey, of which Cape May county forms a large section, is surrounded by historic waters and is itself rich in traditional lore, which has been saved by faithful transmission from father to son, and in facts recorded by hands that were baptized in blood as they established hearthstones in a wilderness of savages and later helped to wage a warfare that gave liberty to a new world. Tradition claims the advent of the name of Cresse with the first white settlers of the state, and it is true that when the county came into existence by proprietary law in 1692 it appears upon the records as belonging to one of the first public ofificials. The same year a company of whalers, attracted by the wealth of these waters, came from Long Island and settling here constituted a large portion of the then sparse population; and in this band the prominent organizers and most loyal adherents to a new country and government were the members of this family. Arthur Cresse, the father of the line of whose descendants we write, pur- chased three hundred and fifty acres of land from the West Jersey Society, in 1692, and the same year he and John Townsend became jointly the first collectors of the county, which position they held until 1700, when they were succeeded by John Cresse and Jacob Spicer. So great was the fertility of the soil which had never Ijeen cultivated that the raising of cattle was extensively followed. The herds roamed together and each man's property was distinguished by a brand on the ears. This law was made by an act of assembly at Burlington, February 17. 1692. The legal form of recording the "ear-marks" w'as a sketch of a cow's head with the peculiar mark of the owner on the ears, accompanied by a written description. The first "ear-mark" in the archives of the Cape May county courts was recorded by a Cresse on July 13, 1692, of which a fac-simile is given on the opposite page. A dee]) religious sentiment has dominated the executive strength of the family and in church as well as state they have been leaders. When the first Baptist services in 1675 resulted in a permanent organization, with a church structure, in 1712, at Cape May, the name of Arthur Cresse was first upon the list of its members, as was that of Nathan Cresse, first on the list of mem- ' iy/:' CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 311 bers of tlie first Methodist church of the county, which was founded at Dennisville. The early records of the first Presbyterian church are lost. but tradition claims that the Cresse family was also largely interested in its organization. The name of Lewis Cresse continues in almost unbroken succession down the ancestral line, appearing officially as early as 1712. ^^'hen the fiery spirit of patriotism burst forth in a document of May 27. 1778. in which eighty-seven Cape May county citizens renounced their alle- giance to King George and swore to "bear true faith" to the government of New Jersey, the names of Arthur, Lewis, Daniel, David and Zebulon Cresse appeared on the list of its signers. Lewis was a notorious wag and verse- maker. Daniel, a brother of Lewis and the great-grandfather of our subject, was a large land-owner, the proprietor of Dias Creek tavern and a sea cap- tain. His son Daniel married Hannah Hand and settled at Gravelly Run, where he operated one of the largest farms in that region. Si.x: children were born to them, — Philip, Rhoda, Ellen, Huldah, Daniel and Lewis. Philip was possessed of fine inventive genius and secured a number of patents on agri- cultural machinery; he died in middle age. Rhoda and Ellen died in early womanhood. Huldah married William Hand, of Cape May Court House, and to them were born three children: Ludlam, a merchant of Cape May Court House; Huldah, who married Joshua Bennett; and Elizabeth, who became the wife of Israel Woolson. Daniel, the fifth child of Daniel and Hannah Cresse, was the father of James, a prominent farmer of Burleigh. The only survivor of the six chil- dren is the youngest. Lewis Cresse, Sr., the father of Lewis Mitchell Cresse. The father was born at Gravelly Run in 1824 and was educated in the private schools of the county. \\'hen a young man he spent three years in Cali- fornia, attracted by the discovery of gold. L'pon his return he married Mary Ann Hofifman, a teacher in the \'illage school of Gravelly Run. Mr. Cresse first engaged in the milling business at that place, but later purchased a farm of one hundred acres at Townsend Inlet (now Swainton), where he has since resided. His political support is given to the Republican party; but being a man of domestic tastes he has preferred the enjoyment of his fireside to the cares of public life. Four children have been born to him: Huldah, the wife of Coleman Leaming, Jr. ; Mary HofYman. the wife of W. Scott Hand ; Lewis Mitchell, of this review; and George Hofifman, the principal of the public schools of Dennisville. The parents of these children are now attain- ing a ripe old age. They are people of the strictest integrity and command the honor and respect of a host of friends. Lewis Mitchell Cresse was born at Townsend Inlet. September 12, 1867, acquired his early education in the public schools of his native village, and 312 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST afterward graduated at the high school of Cape May Court House, in 1867, and later at the Quaker school at Woodstown. He then accepted a position as the principal of the public schools of Almonesson, Gloucester county, hut resigned to complete a business course in the National College of Com- merce in Philadelphia, graduating at that institution in 1887 and becoming one of its teachers in bookkeeping and accounting. He abandoned the work of an educator to become identified with the financial interests of his native county, first as the cashier of the People's Bank, of Sea Isle City, where he remained nearly three years, when he accepted a position with the Union National Bank, of Atlantic City. The Cape May County Times, of Sea Isle City, paid him the following high tribute when he resigned his position at the People's Bank: "Mr. Cresse has been with us about three years, dur- ing which time he has not only gained the confidence of his employers, but also of the entire community. He has filled more positions of honor and trust while among us than any other man in the town, and his loss will be keenly felt by the community at large." Three years later, in 1896, Mr. Cresse became the executive head of the Ocean City office of the Central Trust Company, of Camden. Tliis bank was established and opened for business on the 13th of May, 1896. The business here is conducted in a handsome building, a brick structure which was erected in the spring of 1897 and is equipped with a fire and burglar-proof vault. A general banking business is conducted and success has attended the enterprise from the beginning, a fact which is largely attributable to the efforts and management of Mr. Cresse. In this work he is assisted by W. Scott Hand, who occupies the position of teller, and B. C. Marshall, who is the bookkeeper. Mr. Cresse is also extensively interested in the business of paper-manufacturing at Pleasant Mills, New Jersey. The office of the Pleas- ant Mills Paper Company, of whicli Mr. Cresse is president, is at No. 608 Chestnut street, Philadelphia, and to the management of this important enterprise he has devoted much attention. The Citizens' Water Company, of Ocean City, in which Mr. Cresse is largely interested, claims his attention as an official in the capacity of treasurer. His fine executive ability in busi- ness and corporative enterprises has been so well recognized that he has had many calls to public office. He is now serving as a member of the board of education for the second term and is the president of the Board of Trade of Ocean City. On the I2th of September, 1896, he was united in marriage with Cecilia, a daughter of Alexander and Marion Hislop, of Troy, New York. They occupy an enviable position in social circles and enjoy the highest esteem of manv friends. Mr. Cresse is a member of the Ancient Order of United H-' - • o — " ^ fjc; ??' 5i CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 313 Workmen and is popular in social as well as business circles. His success in all that he has undertaken has l^een marked and his methods are of interest to the commercial world. He has based his business principles and actions upon strict adherence to the rules which govern industry, economy and strict unswerving integrity. This enterprising and progressive spirit has made him a typical American in every sense of the word and he well de- serves mention in the history of his native country. Scarcely beyond the heyday of his youth, but with the experience of mature years, the past career of Mr. Cresse presages a future that will honor his ancient lineage and brighten the pages of history of his country whose confines shall extend far beyond the limits of his county and state. JOSEPH A. CLARK. Joseph Archibald Clark, founder of the Clark Glass Works, one of the most important manufacturing industries in the city of Bridgeton, New Jer- sey, was born at Centerton. Salem county, this state, on July 12, 1822, a son of Isaac and Rebecca (Newkirk) Clark. Isaac Clark, who also was a native of Centerton, spent the greater part of his life in tilling the soil and in other agricultural pursuits, and was con- sidered one of the most practical and enterprising farmers of Centerton. For a number of years he served as the overseer of roads in that town, a position in which he proved himself efficient and trustworthy. Of the children born of his union with Miss Rebecca Newkirk two are living: Sarah, the wife of Charles Smith; and Joseph A. Isaac Clark and his wife were consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Centerton, in which he held various offices, among them that of class-leader. Tlieir son, Joseph Archibald, received a good, practical education; and when his school-days were ended, as his father had then retired from active labor, he carried on the homestead farm until he was twenty-two years of age. He then purchased a farm of seventy-five acres in Salem county, and there his father's declining years were passed. In addition to that place Mr. Clark owned a large amount of other land, and was long engaged in get- ting out hoop-poles for the city market, having probably manufactured as many as any- man in this state. After having successfully engaged in farming for twenty-one years, in 1867 Mr. Clark sold his farm and came to Bridgeton to reside. During the first seven years he continued in the hoop-pole business, to which he added that of lumber, his office being on Laurel street; but in 1874 he sold out his 314 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE FIRST interests, and in company with Mr. Basset and Mr. Shoemaker started in the manufacture of glass. For two years they were on \\'ater street ; but at the end of that time their business had increased so that larger quarters were necessary, and they removed to their present stand, where they have con- tinued to do a very successful business under the style of the Cumberland Glass Manufacturing Company, making a specialty of bottles of various kinds. The Window Glass Company has since been formed, of which Mr. Clark is also a partner; and although it is the latest company of this descrip- tion that has been organized in Bridgeton, it gives employment to a larger number of people than any other here. In March, 1848, Mr. Clark was joined in marriage with Miss Mary Leper, of Cumberland county. Two of their children are living, namely: Rebecca, the wife of C. W. Shoemaker; and Josephine R.. who is at the parental home. Their son, Isaac L., who lived to be but thirty-four years of age, was associated with his father in the hoop-pole and lumber business, and was afterward one of the leaders in the organization and establishment of the glass business. He was a young man of promising business ability and an exemplary member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. and Mrs. Clark and their daughter are influential members of the Methodist Episcopal church. On coming to Bridgeton, Mr. Clark pur- chased a house at 236 North Laurel street, where he and his family still reside, he having rebuilt the house and made various other substantial im- provements. He also owns several other dwelling-houses in this city. DR. T. T. SMITH. T. J. Smith, A.M., M.D., Sc.D., a prominent physician of Bridgeton, New Jersey, was born in Mannington township. Salem county, this state, April 21, 1841, the son of Peter and Elizabeth A. Smith. His ancestor, in the fifth generation, Peter Smith, came from England, one of whose sons. Captain William Smith, born December 10, 1742, fought in the Revolu- tionary war. His grandfather, Washington Smith, born in Salem county, June 22, 1780, was a farmer in Lower Alloway township, a Whig and later a Republican, and died of typhoid fever at the age of forty-five years. His father, Peter Smith, was born in Lower Alloway townshi]), January 6, 1805, became a large and successful fanner in ^^lannington township, and at his death in 1879 owned several farms. He was a Republican, a man of large intelligence and wide influence, and held prominent township ofifices. His COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 315 children were James W., Jesse P., Samuel P., Ephraim C, Dr. T. J. and Peter E., of whom the first two and Ephraim are deceased. Dr. T. J. Smith attended the Salem Academy, where he prepared for Williams College, at which he was graduated in 1862. Taking up the study of medicine, he was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania, in 1866, and in 1869 located in general practice at Bridgeton, New Jersey. Rising rapidly in his profession, he soon acquired a large practice and a wide influence in medical circles. He is the medical director of the Cumberland County Insane Hospital, a member of the Cumberland County Medical Society, the State Medical Society, of which he was president in 1897, and is a fellow of the American Academy of Medicine. In 1893 he was a member of the Pan-American Medical Congress, and was a delegate from the State Medical Society to the American Medical Association at New York city, in 1885. He was also largely instrumental in securing the holding of the American Medical Society Convention at Atlantic City, January 5-8, 1900. He is a frequent contributor to various medical journals, attending physician at the Bridgeton Hospital, is high up in Masonry, a member of I. O. O. F., K. of P., K. of the G. E., a member of the board of education, and was the president of the South Jersey Institute for fifteen years. He is a Repub- lican in politics, a deacon in the First Baptist church and a member of the board of managers of the New Jersey State Village for Epileptics. In March, 1871, he was married to Mary G., a daughter of Elisha G. Glenn, of Philadelphia. BENJAMINE S. AYARS. Benjamine Shepard Ayars. the owner of a large canning factory at Bridgeton, New Jerse}', was born in Greenwich, New Jersey. December 8, 1840, the son of Rol^ert and Lydia (Wood) Ayars. He was educated in the public schools of Greenwich, and at Shiloh, often walking four miles to school. Leaving school at sixteen years of age, he learned the blacksmith trade, following it as an occupation imtil 1879, and still does his own black- smithing connected with his business. From 1873 to 1880 he commenced the canning business in a small way at Greenwich, a business which amounted in 1899 to sales of over one hundred thousand dollars, employing some three hundred and fifty hands, in the two factories. In 1880 he removed to Bridgeton, where he established his present factory on Water street, enlarging the plant at that time purchased, from one hundred and thirty-three feet bv one hundred and fifty-five feet to one hundred and thirty- three feet front by three hundred and fifty feet deep. In this establishment. 3i6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST in 1899, lie inn u]i over a million of cans, including' peas, currants, straw- Ijerries, huckleberries, apples, pears, pumpkin, etc., — the factory employing upward of one hundred and fifty operatives. In 1893 Mr. Ayars purchased the factory of the Cumberland County Packing & Canning Company in Bridgeton, where were packed 1,100,000 cans in 1899. The business, although the laigest in Cumberland county, is still growing, and facilities for output are constantly being enlarged. Sales are largely conducted through commission merchants and large contracts are made in advance of the season. Mr. Ayars is a Republican and was the assessor of Greenwich for three years. He is a memljer of the Baptist church at Bridgeton, of which he has been a trustee for the last sixteen years. In 1862 he enlisted in the Twenty- fourth Regiment New Jersey Volunteers, Company F, for nine months, and took part in the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, and served for the full time of enlistment, when he returned to Greenwich and resumed his trade of blacksmithing. In February. 1866, he was married to Nancy L., a daughter of David Minch. They had one child, who died in infancy, his wife also dying, at the age of twenty-five years. By a second marriage to Martha, a daughter of Thomas Raniell, seven children were born to him, of whom the first four were Howard, Robert E., Clinton B. and Arthur D. GEORGE H. CRESSE. George HofTman Cresse is the youngest son of Lewis and Mary Ann (HofTman) Cresse, and was born in Swainton, Cape May county, December 21, 1871. His ancestral history appears in connection with the life record of his brother, L. M. Cresse. He obtained his education in the public schools of his native town and in the Trenton State Normal school, where he was honored by being made the president of his class and class poet. He was graduated in 1890, and since that time has been a student in the University of Pennsylvania and in Harvard College, where he has taken special courses in French, Latin and trigonometry. Since that time his life has been devoted to educational work, and he has demonstrated his ability as an educator in Port Elizabeth, Ocean City and Dennisville. He is a man of scholarly attainments and of studious habits. He has a special fondness for the study of philosophy, and in the field of literature he has carried his researches far beyond those of the average graduate. At this writing he is a member of the board of examiners of teachers for Cape May CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 31; county. A facile wnter of poetical temperament, he has contributed many short poems of worth to the local press. He is deeply interested in the edu- cational and literary development of his native county and has greatly ad- vanced the standard of intellectuality. JOHX S. WARE. John Smith Ware was born in Eridgeton, New Jersey, in 1857, a son of Smith Mills and Ann Eliza (Gerhardt) Ware. His paternal grandfather, John S. Ware, was a native of Roadstown. Cumberland county, a chair- maker by trade, and lived in Bridgeton at his death. He was a Democrat, associate judge at one time, and a man of much prominence, and both him- self and wife died at the age of seventy-five years. Smith Mills Ware, a son of the preceding and the father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Bridgeton, New Jersey, in 1828, was educated in the pulilic schools of that place, and early in life removed to Mauricetown. He is a Democrat, a member of the I. O. O. F.. and holds a prominent posi- tion in church circles, being a member of the Mauricetown Methodist Episcopal church. His chiklren are Lizzie, Ida. John S.. Emma, and Edith. The mother died in September, 1898. aged sixty-nine vears. John Smith Ware was educated in the public schools of Mauricetown, graduating and leaving school at eighteen. Thereafter he engaged in the oyster business in Port Norris, buying and selling, for a period of three years. Later, in 1887, he became associated with a bank as bookkeeper, remaining nine years, up to 1896, when, upon the organization of the Cum- berland Trust Company, he became its secretary and treasurer. Mr. Ware is still engaged in the oyster business, and is largely interested in planting and growing oyster beds in ^^laurice River Cove. He is a Democrat, a member of the L O. O. F., of the F. & A. AL and of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is also a member of the Board of Trade at Bridgeton. In January, 1882, he was married to Lorella H., a daughter of Charles Sharp, a sea captain, of Mauricetown. They have two children. — Charles and John. J. LENHART RICE. J. Lenhart Rice, of Bridgeton. Xew Jersey, is a partner and son of ^^'allace C. Rice, in the Acme Gas Fixture Companv, owned and run by himself. He was born in Bridgeton, August 29, 1841, a son of \\'illiam and 3i8 BIOGF&IPHICAL HISTORY OP THE FIRST XancY Snellini; (Jacol)s) Rice. His grandfather, Philip Rice, wlio was a native of Sweden, emigrated to tliis country and settled in Dorchester, New Jerse\', w here he kept a hotel for a consideral)le time. William Rice, from whom the son nndonlotedly inherited his business aptitude, was also a successful man. His birth occurred ]\Iarch 15, 1796, in Dorchester, where also he received a common-school education. His sciiool (lays ended, he engaged in tlie calling of a sailor, and is alleged to have commanded a vessel at the age of sixteen years. Having spent eight years in seafaring life, he established himself in Bridgeton and Millville as a ship-builder, taking up his residence in the former place. He carried on his business for thirty-five years, during which he built many large vessels and made a fortune. He then retired from active occupation, and died June 29. 1871, at the age of seventy-five years. .\ company of infantry, in w'hich he had enlisted, was called out during the war of 18 12. (3ne of several ex- pressions of public esteem for him was his election to the office of freeholder of Bridgeton. Both he and his family were members of the Trinity Meth- odist Episcopal church, of which he was one of the founders. He was also an active worker in the organization called the Sons of Temperance. His wife w-as a daughter of Charles Jacobs, of Boston, Massachusetts. Death having rendered her fatherless at the age of nine years, she was brought up in Dorchester, Xew Jersey, by a family whose members belonged to the benevolent Society of Friends. She bore her husband ten children, namely: Charles J., Thomas. Philip, Harriet, William, Elizabeth, Anna J., Roger, Matilda and J. Lenhart. Harriet became the wife of E. P. Wilson; Eliza- beth, the wife of Enoch Brooks; Anna J., the wife of Wallace C. Rodgers; Matilda, the wife of Joseph ^I. Elwell and subsecjuently of John M. Frazeur; and William resides in Bridgeton. J. Lenhart Rice was educated in the public schools of Bridgeton. (Jn lea\-ing school he was trained in the ship carpenter's trade of his father. When twenty-one years old he enlisted in Company H, Twenty-Fourth Regiment, Xew Jersey V^olunteer Infantry, for service in the civil war. He went to the front with his regiment, which joined the army of the Potomac, took ])art in the l)attles of Frederickslnirg and Chancellorsville, and was honorabh' discharged in 1862. The ne.xt year he established himself in busi- ness. In 1877. in comjiany with David O. Frazeur. he purchased the lime business of John Rogers, which they succesfully carried on. under the firm name of Frazeur & Rice, up to June i, iS^gj. In 1894 he sold out to his brother the business started by him in 1863, and, together with his son, formed the .\cme Gas Fixture Company. Owing to good management this COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 319 firm has been most prosperous, and is now doing a business that gives reg- ular employment to OA-er forty men. On Septemlier 13, 1865. Air. Rice was united in matrimony with Maria A., a daughter of Samuel D. Frazeur. Of this marriage there were born three children, of whom one is deceased. Those living are: Wallace C. and Jessie A. Both parents are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. During Mr. Rice's connection with the society, a period of forty-two years, he has served in all the offices, from the lowest capacity to that of local preacher. Mr. Rice, who has always taken an active interest in local affairs, was the town clerk of Bridgelon for a number of years, before it was chartered as a city. In 1891 he was elected to the common council by ward No. 3, on the Republican ticket, and served in that body until 1894. At one time he w^as a member of the Sons of Temperance. He has affiliation with Brearly Lodge, A. F. & A. M., of Bridgeton; with Cumberland Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of Bridgeton; and with the A. L. Robeson Post, Grand Army of the Republic. The family occupy the tasteful residence, 162 Broad street, built by .Mr. Rice in 1871. He settled in Bridgeton in 1865; and liis record as a citizen, a man of business, and a Christian has been such as to win the respect of all his neighijors. JOHN O. DAVIS. .\ leading representati\-e of the industrial interests of Salem is Tohn O. Davis, whose capable management of his business has made him one of the prosperous citizens of the community. He was liorn in Lower Alloway Creek township. Salem county. July 28 1833, and is a son of John W. and Elizabeth (Tracy) Davis. His grandfather, John Davis, was a native of Sa!em county, and throughout his active business career carried on agricul- tural pursuits here. He married Margaret Daniels, who died at the age of seventy-seven years. Their children were: John W. : Nathan; Job; Eliza- beth, the wife of Oliver Hall; Hannah, the wife of Abel Homan; and Mary, the wife of David Perkins. The maternal grandfather of our subject was Daniel Tracy, who resided in Lower Alloway Creek township, where he followed farming throughout his life. He was a man of good business ability and unquestioned integrity, and these qualities caused him to be selected for settling up many estates. He was chosen to represent his dis- trict in the state legislature, and rode on horseback from Camden to Trenton in order to attend the sessions of the general asseml:)ly. He left the impress 320 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST of his individuality upon the public life of Salem county, and was highly esteemed by the generation in which he lived. He married Sarah Evans, and they reared a large number of children. His death occurred when he had attained the age of seventy-seven years. John \\'. Davis, the father of our subject, was born in Salem county, and was a leading agriculturist of Lower Alloway Creek township, where he spent his entire life. He took part in the training of the troops after the manner of the olden times, and gave his political support to the Whig party. His death occurred July i8, 1843. at the age of forty-four years, and his wife, long surviving him, passed away February 18, 1874, at the age of seventy-seven years. They were the parents of five children: Daniel, the eldest, married Ruth Garrison, and after her death wedded Ruth Ayers: Elizabeth became the wife of John Pierpont. a carriage-maker; Sarah married Andrew Mills, a farmer, and to them were Ijorn four children, — Isabelle, William, Walter and Winfield; John O. was the next younger; and Richard completes the family. John Q. Davis enjoyed such educational advantages as were afforded by the district schools near his home, but put aside his text-books when ten years of age in order to go to work on a farm. He devoted his energies to agricultural pursuits until eighteen years of age and then came to Salem, where he learned the carriage-maker's trade. He followed that business for ten years, after which he began dealing in milk and manufacturing ice cream. He began business in 1866, on a small scale, his factory being located on east Broadway. It was operated by hand power, but after a time horse power was introduced, and subsequently the plant was equipped with steam power. He purchased his present property in 1880, built the factory which he now occupies, and equipped it with the latest improved machinery for the successful conduct of his business. He now manufactures ice cream on a very extensive scale, shipping to many of the seaside resorts. He employs fifteen people in the business at this place, and also has a station at Harmers- ville. He deals extensively in ice, having two wagons in use in delivering that product, and his ice-houses are fitted up with steam power for filling. He has bored three artesian wells, and has a pond of five acres supplied with pure artesian well water, which, freezing over in the winter season, enables him to fill his ice-houses with a high quality of the cool product. In connec- tion with his ice cream factory he operates a creamery and thus furnishes an excellent market for the dairy farmers in this localitw His business has grown to large proportions and brings him a good income. In January, 1859, ^Ir. Davis was united in marriage to Miss Jerusha Foster, a daughter of Jamima Foster. They now have three children, — Elizabeth, who died at the age of thirty years; H. Winters and Jeanette H. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 321 The family attend the Baptist church, of which Mr. Davis has been a memljer for forty-eight years, and for a long period he has served in olilicial positions in the church, being now a member of tlie board of deacons. He has served as a judge of elections, but has never sought political preferment, desiring rather to give his time and attention to his business interests. He votes with the Republican party at national elections, but at local elections, where no national issue is involved, he casts his ballot independent of party ties. He may justly be called a self-made man, for he has worked his way upward unaided, overcoming difificulties and obstacles by determined purpose and resolute will. His life demonstrates that diligence is the keynote to success, and should serve to encourage others who, like himself, have to start out empty handed. E. MILFORD APPLEGATE. Hon. E. ^lilford Applegate, the present mayor of Bridgeton, was born here, December 22, 1857, being a son of Maskel W. and Sarah S. (Souder) Appleton. He represents an old and respected family of South Jersey. His grandfather. Minor Applegate, a native of Alloway, Salem county, followed the trade of blacksmith in that place, and died comparatively early in life. Maskel W. Applegate, also a native of Alloway, born April 10, 1834, was very young when he lost his father. Soon afterward his mother re- mo\-ed with him to Roadstown, Cumberland county, and lived there until he was in his tenth or eleventh year. He then came alone to Bridgeton, and set out in life for himself by learning the trade of painter. This calling he subsequently followed until 1866. when he abandoned it on account of serious injuries received by him. Since then he has been engaged in the marble business. He is also interested in several real-estate companies. On November 21, 1856, he w-as joined in matrimony with Miss Souder, a daughter of Phillip Souder, an old and esteemed resident of Bridgeton. He is now the father of three children — E. Milford, Jennie and Harriet. The latter is now the wife of Reuben C. Hunt, a member of the firm of Hunt Brothers, dry-goods dealers of Bridgeton. Maskel W. Applegate is an A. F. & A. M., having his membership in Evening Star Lodge, of Bridgeton; Brearly Chapter, of Bridgeton, and Olivet Commandery, of Millville, New Jersey. Both he and his wife are members of the Central Methodist Epis- copal church, in which he has officiated as a steward since its organization. The Hon. E. M-ilford Applegate accjuired his education in the public schools of Bridgeton. graduating at the high school in the class of 1874. He then applied himself to the marble business in the shops of his father. II— u 322 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and by actual experience, mounting the ladder round by round, obtained a thorough understanding of the various stages of that industry. In all he engaged in that l:)usiness nearly twenty years, a jiart of tlie time as a meml^er of the firm, from which he withdrew in 1893. Beginning at the time he attained his majority, ]\Ir. Applegate has participated very active!)' in the local politics. He entered the political arena as clerk, being elected from ward i. Though that ward was strongly- Democratic until 1892, and he was a Republican, he was elected from it to the office of city clerk five times. He was next elected city assessor, which office he filled for four years. In 1891 he was appointed justice of the l)eace for a term of five years. He has since been called upon to per- form most of the justice trial work in the city of Bridgeton. In 1894 he was the Republican candidate for the mayoralty of Bridgeton, and he was elected to that office, for a term of three years. His administration has gi\en general satisfaction. On !\Iay 10, 1882, Mr. Applegate was united in luatrimonv with Miss Elizabeth Lawrence, a daughter of George Law- rence, of Bridgeton. Three children have come of this union, namely, — Sara L., Maskel and Fredrick. Mr. Applegate belongs to the order of Masons, being a member of Evening Star Lodge, of Bridgeton, in which he filled several offices. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Knights of Malta. In religious faith and sympathy he is Methodist Epis- copal, having his membership in the Central church, of Bridgeton. Mr. Applegate and his family occupy a pleasant residence at 72 Washington street. DANIEL P. DORRELL. Daniel P. Dorrell, one of the leading agriculturists of AUoway, Salem county, has been a lifelong resident here, having first seen the light of day January i, 1826, in Lower Alloway Creek tovwnship, this county. He is a son of Annas and Rhoda (Penn) Dorrell, who were well known residents of this vicinity, as were several former generations of the name. The family were of French antecedents, and the great-grandfather, William Dorrell, lived in a brick house near Alloway, which is still standing and is the property of Jacob House. He was a farmer and an industrious, hard-working man. One of his sons belonged to the navy and fought in the Revolution in the ship Hornet. Another son was John, the grandfather of Daniel P. Dorrell, who was ])orn in Alloway Creek township and purchased a farm in Lower Allo- way Creek township. His residence was in Harmersville and he also fol- lowed the business of spoke-getter. He lived to the age of sixty-one years CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEJr JERSEY. 323 and was a Republican all his life. He was twice married, the first wife being the grandmother of oar subject. Her children were Annas, Joseph, John, and Marv. The second union was with Judith Bench, by whom she had one child, named Hannah, who married William S. Wood, of Cumberland county. Annas Dorrell was a self-educated man in the true sense of that word. He was a great reader, a student of Bible and history and a man of more than ordinary intelligence, who was well posted on most topics of import- ance. His mind was a storehouse of varied and useful information that could only be secured by keen observation and careful and comprehensive reading. Like his father he was a Republican and took a leading part in local politics. He resided at Flarmony at the time of his death and was engaged in the butcher business for a short time with his brother, Joseph. The wife of his youth was Rhoda Penn, who bore him three daughters and one son: Sarah, the eldest, died at the age of twenty years: Daniel P. is our subject: Hannah married 'Squire Ferguson, now retired: and Mary married Jacob Danley, a carpenter of Brj-n Mawr, Pennsylvania. Two other children, Joseph and John, were twins and died in infancy. For his second wife he chose Rebecca Perry, who had been married twice previously. Their children were Rhoda, Rebecca, Susan, Joseph. Sallie and an infant, all of whom are dead, with the exception of Joseph and Daniel P. The mother died at the age of thirty- three years and the father when in his forty-seventh year. Daniel P. Dorrell received but a limited education from the text-books, having the privilege of attending school only about two years. Being ambi- tious to learn, he applied himself to the task of self-education and laid up a considerable store of useful knowledge, to which he adds from day to day and which is of more real value to him than any amount of theoretical edu- cation. His early life was spent in work about the farm and few idle moments fell to his share, as he was reared in an atmosphere of thrift and industry. He clerked in a store at Hancock's Bridge for a short time and then returned to the farm to take the management of it after the death of his father. He continued as manager of this land, which was in Upper Alloway Creek town- ship, and thrived in his business in all he undertook, his crops being planted and attended in a careful manner that insured a bountiful harvest. He has added to his acreage from time to time until he now owns three fanns, — one in Upper Alloway of one hundred and fifteen acres, another of ninety, and one in Quinton township of one hundred and fifty-four acres. He also was interested in ship-building at one time and ran a sawmill. Mr. Dorrell was married November 23, 1848, to :\Iiss Mary Rebecca IMcIlvain, bv whom he had eight children. Abbie Keziah. the eldest, married 324 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Clinton Clieesman, wlm died from tlie et^'ects of a wound received in tlie civil war. leaving two children. — Clarence and Harold. Daniel P.. who married Mary L. Patterson and has two children. — Bertie and Maud — is a trustee of the county almshouse and resides in Alloway, where he is a veterinarian and keeps an exchange stable and buys and sells horses. John, a farmer, marrieil Amanda Wentzel and has three children, — Bertha, Stella, and Elvina. (jeorge W. married Sallie Fox and has one child. Charles married Mamie Trickett, a daughter of the Rev. James Trickett, a Baptist clergyman of Allo- way. Winifred married Raymond W. Batten, the postmaster of this village, and they have one child. Jesse. Maunch May and Robert are at home. Mr. Dorrell was a Republican and represented that party in the legisla- ture two terms. — in 1872-3. He was elected to the office of justice of the peace nineteen years ago and has held that office since, for the last four terms having been elected on the Democratic ticket. He has ably discharged his duties, being both impartial and just in all his decisions, and has never had a case appealed to a higher court. He is a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal church and has filled all the offices in that organization. He is also a member of several of the secret orders, having united with the Grange, Red Men and other benevolent orders, and is a man whose presence adds to the stability of any community. JOHN G. AVARS. John G. Ayars, a prominent business man of Bridgeton, Xew Jersey, was born in Upper Pittsgrove township, Salem county. New Jersey, Sep- tember 8, 1833, the son of Thomas and Rachel (Harding) Ayars. His paternal grandfather, John G. Ayars. came to Upper Pittsgrove township, where he was an extensive farmer, a \\'hig in politics, and an influential member of the Methodist Episcopal church. His children were Bergen, Susan. John and Thomas, the father of the subject of this sketch. His father. Thomas, born in Pittsgrove township. Salem county, Xew Jersey, was a farmer there, an old-line Whig and later a Republican, a steward and trustee in the Metliodist Episcopal church, and took an acti\e part in church, social and public altairs. His three children were John G., Lydia, and Mary. John G. Ayars was educated in the common schools of his native town- ship, leaving school at eighteen years of age. remained thereafter with his father on the farm until 1857. and worked a farm independently up to 1868, when he came to Bridgeton. Xew Jersey, and engaged in the flour COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 325 and feed business, soon acquiring prominence in business and political cir- cles. He has served as a justice of the peace fourteen years, was continu- ously elected constable from the Third ward for nineteen years, and has served as the overseer of the poor from his ward for thirtv-one vears. He is also a commissioner of deeds, notary public, and has been a trustee of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is a member, for six years. He has also served as a delegate to various political conventions, — county, state and congressional. Early in life he was married to Maria Taylor Hod. and they have four children. — Martha. Thomas. John and Harry. JOHX R. SICKLER. M. D. The late Dr. Sickler was a representative of that rare element in modern life which, although an invaluable part of it. yet rests upon a basis of some- thing ideal and philosophical. In the worldly sense he certainlv made his mark, becoming a prominent physician and serving most creditablv in his native state as one of the ablest judges of Gloucester county and being recognized as an able, astute politician and medical practitioner. When- ever he came in contact with men of note, not only was he valued as an equal of practical strength and resources, but also as one whose integrity was beyond question. Judge Sickler was not only practical, drawing to himself the strong minds of his profession, but was imbued with the best scientific and philosophical thought of the day, and was at the same time a gentleman of broad humanitarian principles. He came of a familv whose ancestr\- could be traced back through several generations to 1662, when Joshua Sickler took up his abode at Chew's Landing, in what was then Gloucester county, but is now a part of Camden county. His father, Christopher Sickler, was born at Chew's Landing and there reared six chil- dren, namely: Elizabeth, John R., Jason, Joshua, Rebecca and Mary. Dr. Sickler of this review was born September 25, 1800, at Chew's Land- ing, and, determining to make the practice of medicine his life work, he completed his studies by graduation in the Jefferson Medical College, on the i8th of March, 1829. He took up his residence at Mantua, formerly called Carpenter's Landing, and almost immediately won prominence as a success- ful medical practitioner. The success which attended his efforts was but in natural sequence, for his position was assured as an able physician, a man of sterling integrity and one devoted to his profession and to the in- terests and welfare of those to \\honi be ministered. He possessed marked 326 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST judgment and discernment in the diagnosing of diseases, and was peculiarly successful in anticipating the issues of complications. His professional brethren accorded him a high place in their ranks. He became a member of the County Medical Society June i6, 1846, was elected its president and in 1859 was elected to the presidency of the State Medical Society. He represented the county society in both the state and national medical so- cieties, and was very popular among the medical fraternities, whose members he often entertained at his hospitable home. Dr. Sickler was a man of strong mind and gave close and earnest study and investigation to the questions of the day aiTecting the public welfare. He had the mental grasp of the statesman, and in 1840 he was chosen to represent his district in the state constitutional convention, where he proved an active factor in promoting the organic law of New Jersey. He was for many years a member of the board of freeholders and in 1844 was appointed judge, reappointed in 1852. in 1857 and 1862, serving altogether for twenty- three \ears. His judgments were seldom reversed and were the embodi- ments of judicious soundness and wisdom. He was often spoken of in connection with the candidacy for governor, and was well fitted by native talent and acquired ability for that high office. Although identified with the Democracy, his personal friends were as numerous among the Repub- licans as in his own party. Dr. Sickler was united in marriage to Eliza Thornburh, a daughter of John and Hannah (Perth) Thornburh, whose children were Eliza, Jane, Margaret and Joseph. Mrs. Sickler was a native of Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania, and died in 1876, at the age of fifty-two years. She held member- ship in the Episcopal church, was greatly interested in its work and was a charitable friend to the poor and needy. By her marriage she became the mother of seven children: Kate, wife of Charles Shoemaker, of Mantua; Joseph T. ; John R., deceased; John R.. the proprietor of a hotel at Berkley, Gloucester county; Frank, who died at the age of eight years; Eliza, who died in infancy; and Idy, who died at the age of two years. In the death of Dr. Sickler Gloucester county lost one of its most prominent citizens. He was an honor to the state in which he resided and he left a strong impress for good upon New Jersey along many lines. His qualities were such as commended him to the confidence and respect of his fellow men, W'hile his splendid abilities commanded their admiration. He also possessed those characteristics which won to him warm friendships. He was by nature endowed with the greatest of all human faculties, integrity, which wealth cannot purchase, power could not intimidate or dying men bequeath, and which is stamped upon those natures, whether born in a palace or a CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 7,27 manger, the impress of God's nobility, for ■"an honest man is the noblest work of God." DR. sa:\iuel dick. Among the patriotic men of the last century who took an active part in the troublous times of our country was Dr. Samuel Dick, of Salem, Xew Jersey. He was of Scotch-Irish descent. His paternal grandfather was a Presbyterian minister who resided in the north of Ireland, and the Doctor's father was John Dick, who married Isabella Stewart, a Scotch lad\' of superior mind and character. It is supposed that John Dick and his wife came to America between the years 1730 and 1740. Samuel, their third child, was bom on the 14th of November. 1740, at Nottingham. Prince George's county. Maryland. In 1746 the Rev. John Dick was stationed in New Castle. Delaware, as a minister in the Presbyterian church and con- tinued his pastoral labors in that vicinity until his death in 1748. His son Samuel was a child of uncommon promise and commenced the study of the Latin language when but five years of age. He was educated by Samuel Finley, afterward the president of Princeton College, Governor Thomas McKean, of Delaware, and the Rev. Dr. McWhorter, of New Jersey, and under their preceptorage laid the foundation of a classical knowledge which few in our country have surpassed. His medical education, according to the State Medical Report, was "acquired at one of the medical schools of Scotland." Dr. Dick served in Canada as assistant surgeon in the colonial army in the war between the English and French, which was terminated in 1760 by the conquest of that province by the English, and was present at the surrender of Quebec. In 1770 he came with his mother to Salem, New Jersey, and in that place practiced his profession until his death. On the 5th of October, 1773, in Philadelphia, he married Sarah Sinnickson, a daughter of Andrew Sinnickson, a gentleman of wealth and prominence in the county. In 1776 Dr. Dick was a member of the provincial congress of New Jersey, and was one of the committee of ten, composed of Green. Ogden, Cooper, Sergeant, Elmer, Hawkes, Covenhoven, Symmes, Condit and Dick, appointed to prepare a draft of the constitution of that state. By that congress he was given a coiumission as colonel of the militia, in the Western Battalion, of Salem county, dated June 20. 1776, in which capacity he was an active and zealous officer in the Revolutionary war. In 1780 Dr. Dick was appointed surrogate of Salem county, by Governor Livingston, by whom he was highly esteemed as an officer and as a man. This office he 328 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE PIRST held for twenty-two years. On the 6th of November, 1783, the Doctor was elected by the state of New Jersey to congress, and was a member of the law-making- body of the nation when the treaty was ratified by which (ireat Britain acknowledged the independence of the United States. In the years 1783. 1784 and 1785, he was a member of the continental con- gress held in Annapolis, New York and Philadelphia, respectively, and was selected, with others, to transact important business. He was made one of the "Grand Committee of 1784," consisting of Alessrs. Jefferson, Blanch- ard, Gerry. Howell, Sherman, De Witt, Dick, Hand, Stone, Williamson and Read, to revise the institution of the treasury department and report upon such alterations as they might think proper (Journal of Congress, volume IX). He was also one of the committee elected to sit during the recess of congress for transacting the business of the United States, con- sisting of Messrs. Blanchard, Dana, Ellery, Sherman, De Witt, Dick, Hand, Chase, Hardy, Spraight and Read (Journal of Congress, volume IX). With some of these gentlemen Dr. Dick formed friendships which continued through life. He was from early manhood intimately acquainted with Dr. Benjamin Rush and Dr. James Craik, a Scotchman who settled in Virginia, held a position in the army in the Revolutionary war and was the family physician of General Washington. In 1789 Dr. Dick was again nominated as a candidate for congress, but declined to accept the proffered honor. The following letter from Governor Livingston on the subject shows the estimation in which Dr. Dick was held by the distinguished gentleman of that time: Elizabethtown. January 25, 1789. Dear Sir: — Be persuaded that it is not through wilful neglect that I have not until now acknowledged the receipt of your letter of the 7th inst. I make it a rule to answer every letter from the meanest creature in human shape as soon as I have leisure to do it; and I cannot therefore be supposed inattentive to those gentlemen of distinction and gentlemen who are en- deared to me by old acquaintance and the amiableness of their characters. But the conjunction of bodily indisposition and a greater variety of public indispensable business than I have for a considerable time past met with, made it impossible for me to do myself the pleasure of discharging so agree- able an ofifice as that of answering your letter sooner than I now do. But my dear sir, I wish you had given me a more agreeable commission to execute than what I find I must according to the tenor of your letter carry into execution. Your requests it is true, shall always with me from real volition carry with them the nature of a command. But I am sorry that your present one must "aut volens, aut nolens" be considered mandatory. For it seems you have left me no other choice than the alternative of eras- ing your name from the list of nominations, or to write against it, "Dr. COXGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEIV JERSEY. 329 Dick declines to serve." I had a particular reason to wish you to stand as a candidate, and finally appear tO' be one of the four elected. Because (without compliment I dare say it) though we have had many in congress who in other respects were possessed of such qualifications as men in that station ought to be endowed with, a great part of them have been totally destitute of the knowledge of mankind, and that certain "politesse" which Lord Chesterfield calls attention, without which the greatest talents in other things will never make a man influential in such assemblies. But if it must be so, that either you cannot or will not go. I must submit. Believe me to be with great sincerity, Your most humble servant. To Dr. Samuel Dick. William Livingston. Salem, X. J. In private life Dr. Dick was highly respected. He was a man of brilliant talents and great attainments, fine taste and ])olished manners, a skillful surgeon and physician, a discerning politician and zealous patriot. He died in Salem New Jersey, November 16, 1812. lea\-ing a widow and five chil- dren, all now deceased. His only descendants now living are the children and grandchildren of his daughter. Isabella Stewart Dick, who was mar- ried in 1804 to Josiah Harrison, a member of the New Jersey bar. She left four children: Maria and Henrietta; Lydia, who married James Mecum, and had six children, — Isabella, George, Ellen, James Harrison, Maria and Charles; and Julia, wife of Robert C. Johnson, by whom she had two sons, Robert and Henry H. Johnson. The Mecum family have in their posses- sion a very beautiful silverdiilted sword which was carried by Dr. Dick in the colonial as well as the Revolutionary war. This sword has a genuine Andrea Farrara blade, which could not have Ijeen made later than 1477 or '80. this celebrated Toledo sword-maker having been in\ited by James III, of Scot- land, to come to his country about that time, accordmg to "Gurthie's Geographical and Historical Grammar," published in London in 1797, page 166. DR. RICHARD M. A. DAVIS. One of the younger representatives of the medical profession of Salem county is Dr. Richard Miller Acton Davis, yet he has attained a reputation in professional circles that man\- an older practitioner might well en\'v and is now enjoying a liberal and lucrative patronage. He was born in the city of Salem, December 28, 1873, and is a son of David E. and Esther C. (Miller) Davis. His father was a prominent stock farmer of the county and the owner of the celebrated Green Hill stock farm in Mannington 330 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST townsliip, wlierc lie was extensive!}- engaged in the raising of slieep and cattle, having a numl)er of imported animals which kept the grade of his stock very high. His able management and untiring labors brought him a large and profitable business, but in the midst of a successful career he was cut off by death, when only thirty-three years of age. His political support was given the Republican party, and he was a member of the Society of Friends and of the Fenwick Club. He had three children: Frank, now- deceased; Elizabeth \\'., the wife of Elmer H. Smith, a farmer, land-owner and real-estate dealer of Toano, Virginia; and the Doctor. After the death of the father, the mother of this family became the wife of Dr. Waddington. Dr. Davis began his education in the public schools of Salem and after attending the high school here was a student in the University of Pennsyl- vania. He pursued a course of medicine in that institution and was gradu- ated in June, 1896. He also spent one year in the Cooper Hospital and gained that practical knowledge and experience which w'ell fitted him for his professional duties. In his practice he has met with excellent success, and his skill and ability are demonstrated by the liberal patronage which the public accords him. In addition to his practice he is a valued member of the Salem Medical Society, of which he is now serving as the president. He is an assistant surgeon of the Third Regiment of the National Guards of New Jersey. He belongs to the order of Knights of Pythias, to the Fenwick Club and to the Country Club; also belongs to the Presbyterian church. In his political faith he is a Republican. He is well informed not only on matters of political importance, but on all subjects of general in- terest, and is a courteous, social gentleman, very popular in Salem, where his entire life has been passed. JAMES J. PETTIT. James J. Pettit, a venerable and highly honored citizen of Woodstown, Salem county, has been closely identified w'ith the development of the agri- cultural resources of this section of the state during his entire active life. His birth occurred more than four-score years ago, on the 15th of January, 1819, on a farm in Lower Penn's Neck, Salem county. When he was but two years of age his father, Hon. Woodnut Pettit, removed with his family to the vicinity of Salem, in Ellisboro tow-nship, and five years later settled permanently in Mannington township, Salem county. He was a practical, industrious man, a stalwart member of the Society of Friends, and possessed unusual qualities of mind and heart. This fact was recognized by his friends ' A. Austin, daughter of William Austin, of Piles Grove township, and to this union two sons, — Austin James and John L. — were born. The only daughter of our subject is Ruth, w'ife of William Reeves, of Salem, and the youngest child is Dillwyn, of Boston, \lzs- sachusetts; and he has one son, named Clarence. BE^7AMIX HARDIXG. Honorable Benjamin Harding, one of the highly respected pioneers of Gloucester county, intimately connected with its early historv', has left behind him the record of a busy and well spent life. He was born at Pittsgrove, Xew Jersey, on the 21st of December. 1798. He passed his early life at Pittsgrove or at Hardingville. and soon after his marriage to Miss Fisler he removed to Malaga to take charge of the glass company's store in that place. He later removed to Glassboro, where he spent some years as the manager 332 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE PIRST of tlie cniiii)any's store. From tliere he removed to Clayton to take charge of tlie large farm of his father-in-law. who was then an old man, and, as Mrs. Harding inherited the jjroperty, this was their iiermanent home. He was elected to the state legislature for three consecutive terms and was then elected county jtidge of Gloucester county, which responsible position he held for many years. He was also justice of the peace for many years, and during that time settled up many estates, his neighbors having the greatest confidence in his good judgment and sense of justice. He took an active part in local affairs and was always ready to aid in the advancement of a good cause. He was prominently connected with the Presbyterian church, and elder for long years, and it was owing to his efforts that the Presby- terian churches were estal^lished at Clayton and Williamstown. Judge Harding was married January .28, 1823, to Mary, the daughter of Leonard Fisler, of Clayton. Mrs. Harding died in Xo\eml)er, i8fi2. Two of their sons and three daughters attained maturity. (3f these, Benjamin F. and Lydia are both residing at Bridgeton. Judge Harding was a son of Thomas and Lydia (Richmond) Harding, of Pittsgrove. It may be mentioned here that an aunt of Mrs. Harding, Hannah Colline, was the wife of the rector of the old Swedes" church at Philadelphia. She died in 1793, from yellow fever contracted while nursing a patient during the epidemic. Judge Harding died A]iril 4, 1880. at the good old age of eighty-two years. THOMAS P. COVINGTOX. Ambition is the keynote to success, and when worthily directed it never fails to win prosperity. In this land where eft'ort and talent are unhampered by cast or class, the man of energy and enterprise may steadily work his way upward and gain an honored position in commercial circles, becoming an important factor in the community in which he resides by reason of his activity in the affairs which go to make up the round of our daily life. Such is the historv of Mr. Covington, who to-da\' occupies a leading position in business circles in Philadelphia and Pitman Ciro\-e, Gloucester county, Xew Jersey. His birth occurred in the former place, Februar_\- 11, 1843. His father, Samuel B. Covington, was born in Virginia, but his grandfather was a native of New- Jersey. The former, a sail-maker by trade, took up his residence in Philadelphia in 1830. making his home there until his death in 1876. Sociallv he was identified with the Odd Fellows societv. He married Marv COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 333 B. Thompson, a daugliter of Peter Thompson, of Egg Harbor, who was a sea captain. Her deatli occurred in 1890. Of tlieir six children, tliree are living. Mr. Covington of tlnis re\'iew attended the public schools of Philadelphia until fifteen years of age, when he put aside his text-books and began col- lecting for an oyster house in that city. ■ He acted as a collector and salesman for fifteen years, and on the expiration of that period, in 1875, began busi- ness on his own account in the same line. His knowledge of the trade and the demands of the public well fitted him for a career of prosperity. He has owned a large fleet of oyster boats and does a wholesale business, sell- ing to the trade. He also rents grounds on Maurice river, where he has large oyster beds. His wholesale house is located on the northeast corner of Water and Dock streets, Philadelphia, and daily there is sent out from that trade center a large amount of oysters, the sales bringing to the firm a considerable income. The business is carried on under the firm name of Covington & Patterson, and in his business interests in New Jersey Mr. Covington is also associated with a partner, the firm being Covington & Winkler. They own an excellent summer home in Pitman Grove, also have an eating-house here and are conducting a successful enterprise. On the 24th of November, 1885, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Co\-ington and Miss Henrietta, a daughter of David Seran, of Pitman Grove. Socially he is a prominent Mason, liaving attained high degrees in that order, which entitle him to a commission in the Mystic Shrine. His atten- tion, however, is principally devoted to his extensive business interests. He is a man of sound judgment, keen discernment, unfaltering perseverance and steadfast energv, and these qualities have gained for him very creditable success. He commands the confidence of those with whom he associates both commercially and socially, and has the regard of a large number of friends both in his native city and his adopted state. WILLIAM COX. William Cox. a ]irnminent farmer of Deptford township, New Jersey, was Ijorn in Beverly, Burlington county, New Jersey, August 16, 1823, a son of Edward Cox and Frances, nee Hill. His father, Edward Cox, was born in Burlington county, and was a resident of that county during his entire life. In occu]iation he was master of a sailing vessel and was also engaged in agricultural pursuits. He raised nine children: Henry, now deceased; Hannah, also deceased; Wright; Adeline, the widow of Israel 334 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST I). Adams: William; Edward; Sallie Ann, the widow of Casper Bideman; Jonathan and Charles, now deceased. Both parents died in Camden countw William Cox became a resident of Camden county. Xew Jersey, when but a mere lad. and was educated in the schools of that county. He was reared to farm life, and has since followed agricultural pursuits as a vocation. In January, 1845. he was married, in Delaware township, Camden county, to Margaret Powell, a daughter of Zachariah and Isabella J. Powell. They have had nine children: Susanna, the wife of Benjamin Fish; Aden, who married \'irginia Davis; Joseph, who married Teressa Pierce: Ephraim, who married Ida \'alentine; Mctoria, the widow of Benjamin Bideman; William, deceased; Bethany, who married Franklin Winner; Elizabeth, the wife of Franklin Crispin; and Stacey C, who married Nora Robinson. Mr. Cox has served as an overseer of roads, and as a member of the town council, in Camden count}-. In political \iews he is independent. His relig- ious affiliations are with the Methodist Episcopal church. JONATHAN \\\ ACTON. The founder of the Acton family in America was Benjamin Acton, who came to this country from London, England, in the ship Kent, landing at (Jji Salem, New Jersey, on the 23d of June, 1877. He located in Salem, where he purchased sixteen acres of land of John Fenwick. on Fenwick street, now called East Broadway. There he erected his home and carried on the tan- ning business throughout the remainder of his life. He was a man of superior educational attainments and his name appears in prominent connection with early political affairs of the colony. He was a surveyor, and as such aided in the improvement and upbuilding of his section of the state. He was a useful and influential member of the Society of Friends, and with another member of the organization, as early as 1682 he prepared a meeting-house in which the services of the yearly meeting could be held. When the town of Salem was incorporated he was made the first recorder, and in 1705 he was one of the commissioners who laid out the public highways from Salem to the Del- aware river. He surveyed many of the old highways in this part of the state, was also extensively engaged in suneying private lands and subsequently was employed by the heirs of William Penn to make the surveys in the Salem tenth, while later he surveyed one thousand acres of land on Gravelly Run, where the village of Jericho, Pennsylvania, now stands. His wife was Mrs. Christina Acton, and they were married in 1688. Their children were: Eliz- abeth, who was born in 1690 and married Francis Reynolds; Mary, who was CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 335 loom in 1692 and became the wife of William Willis; Benjamin, Jr., who was born in 1695 and married Elizabeth Hill; Lydia, born in 1697; and Joshua, born in 1700. In his old age Benjamin Acton, the father of these children, built a brick house, in 1727, on what is now Broadway, and the structure is still standing. It was afterward remodeled by his son Benjamin, but the original walls yet remain and the place is one of the old landmarks of Salem. Benjamin Acton, Jr., was born in 1695, learned the tanner's trade and carried on the business in the tan-yard which he inherited from his father. He resided in a brick mansion built in 1729, which was much larger than the one his father had built and is still standing, on the same lot. He married Elizabeth Hall, and they became the parents of John, who was born in 1728, was twice married, his second union being with Mary Oakford; Joseph, I)orn in 1730; Benjamin, in 1755; and Samuel, in 1738. John Acton, born August 31, 1729, succeeded his father in the tanning- business. He was twice married, and by his first union he had one child, Clement. His second wife was Mary Oakford and they had the following children: Samuel: John, who loecame a sea captain and West India trader: Elizabeth, who married John Hancock and left a large number of children; Barbara, who became the wife of Ephraim Carroll: Susan, the wife of Samuel Hall; and Joseph. Samuel Acton was born November 10, 1764, and learned the tanner's trade of his father, but for a time was engaged in merchandising in Salem in connection with his half brother, Clement. Later he retired from that enter- prise and purchased a tannery at Haddonfield, Salem county, where he re- sided until his death, which occurred in the year 1801. He married Sarah, the youngest daughter of William and Hannah (Brinton) Hall, of Delaware. His wife died in 1852. at the age of eighty-four years. Their children were: Clement, who was born in 1796, became a hat manufacturer of Salem, later was a fur trader and afterward engaged in the lumloer l)usiness, operating a sawmill on Penn street. He married Ruth Bacon and after her death he wedded Sarah Jones, loy whom he had three children. Mary Ann, born in 1798, became the wife of Benjamin Thompson and had four children, — Sarah, Rachel and Maria and Richard B., twins. Isaac Oakford, the third of the family, was a blacksmith, and by his industry and close application to business he accumulated a considerable fortune and became the owner of much desirable real estate in Salem. In the latter part of his life he was an iron merchant and operated a foundry on West Grifflth street up to the time of his death. He married Lucy Ann, a daughter of Jonathan and Temperance Bilderback, of ]\Ianning-ton township, Salem countv. and they became the parents of three sons, — Edward, \\'illiam and Clement. Edward 336 BIOCR.IPJIIC.il HISTORY OF THE FIRST A., the first lioni of tlic family of Isaac Acton, wedded Mary, the daughter of Jonathan and Mary W'oodnutt, of Mannington townsliip, by whom he had three children. — Walter W., Isaac Oakford and Jonathan W. Edward A. Acton was a volunteer officer in the civil war, serving as a captain in the Fifth New Jersey Volunteers, was wounded at Williamsburg and killed on the field of action at the second battle of Bull Run, August 29, 1862. On his mother's side Mr. Acton can trace his family lineage back to an early date. Richard \^'oodnut, the earliest member of the family by that sur- name in the colon}-, came from England and settled within the limits of the Salem monthly meeting of the Society of Friends soon after John Fenwick. By his wife Mary he h.ad four children, — Josei^h. Richard, Grace and Sarah. The two daughters were ne\er married. Joseph Woodnutt, born seventh month, fifth day, 1697, married Rachel Cravens in 1722, and they had five children, — Thomas. Mary, Hannah, Rich- ard and Joseph. Richard, his son, born in 1700, married a Miss Walmsley and hatl three chiklren, — Jonathan, Henry and Richard. Jonathan married Sarah Mason and had two children. — Richard and James Mason. The latter married Margaret Carpenter, a daughter of Preston and Hannah Carpenter, and liad ten children, — Sarah, Hannah, Thomas, Jonathan, Preston, Eliza- beth, William, Margaret, Alary and Martha. Jonathan, the son. married Mary Goodwin and had four children. — Richard. William. Thomas and Mary. Mary married Edward Acton and was the mother of our subject and Walter W. and Isaac. Mr. Acton, our subject, therefore descends from the Wooclnutts, Carpenters and Lloyds, and their family record is as complete as that of any family in this country or England. Jonathan W. Acton, the youngest child of Edward and Mary E. (Wood- nutt) Acton, was born in Salem, November 8, 1857, and was educated in the pu])lic schools and in the Friends' school at Salem. He also spent three years in the West Point Academy, and there prepared for a professional career as a law student in the office of Albert H. Slape, of Salem. After pass- ing an examination he was admitted to the bar as an attorney in 1884. and as a counselor in 1887. He was appointed the prosecutor of Salem county in j8go. and held that office until April, 1900. In March. 1885. he was elected mayor of Salem and was chosen for the office at each succeeding election up to and including the one held in 1897. During his last term, however, he resigned. Within this period many needed reforms and improvements were secured and the city made rapid and substantial progress in many lines. He has always been a stanch Democrat in his political views, and has ever taken an active interest in promoting the growth and insuring the success of his party. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 337 On the 19th of July, 1890, Mr. Acton was united in marriage to Miss Frances House, a daughter of Jonathan House, of Alloway, Salem county, and they now have three children: Francis N., Mary and John W. Mr. Acton is a member of no church. His ancestors on both sides were members of the Society of Friends from the settlement of the county onward. They were people of the highest respectability and worth. LOUIS T. DE ROUSSE. The well known postmaster of Camden, New Jersey, was born in Phila- delphia, May 29, 1844. His father, George De Rousse, was born in France and participated in the battle of Waterloo under Napoleon. Not long after- ward he crossed the Atlantic to the United States, taking up his abode in Philadelphia, where he followed his trade of boot-crimping. A faithful mem- ber of the church, his life was honorable and upright, and at his death, which occurred in 1874, when he was eighty years of age, the community lost one of its valued citizens. He married Miss Christine Steiner, a native of Germany, whose father was a prominent citizen of that land and sen'^ed as the mayor of the town in which he made his home. Mr. and Mrs. De Rousse became the parents of seven children, of whom five are living. Louis T. De Rousse pursued his education in the local schools until seventeen years of age and then began working in a lawyer's office of Phila- delphia, at fifty cents a week. He was subsequently employed in the office ol the Philadelphia Ledger, but in 1864, at the age of twenty years, he put aside his personal considerations and offered his services to the government, enlisting in the Eighth Pennsylvania Reser\'es. When hostilities had ceased he entered the employ of W. H. Horstman & Sons, of Philadelphia, with whom he remained for eight years. In 1874 he became a resident of Camden and was with Wilson Fitzgerald, a flour, feed and grain merchant, for some time. Mr. De Rousse has taken quite an active part in public affairs. In 1880 he was elected a freeholder from the first ward of Camden, and served one year. He was elected comptroller for a three-year term and discharged his duties faithfully. He founded the Camden Republican Club and was its first president. In 1895 he was elected to the New Jersey legislature, where he served through the three succeeding years. In 1896 he was elected speaker, and in 1897 he was the Republican leader in the house. He has studied closelv the questions and issues of the day and is an able champion of the principles of the party that has ever stood for the protection of II— v 338 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST American industries and institutions and which advocates the adoption of a sound-money basis and of expansion principles. His pubHc course is one worthy of commendation, for he has ever placed the country's good before personal aggrandizement. He is now an efficient and popular postmaster of Camden and his administration is invoking high praise. Mr. De Rousse was married to Miss Anna \V. Fitzgerald, a daughter of Wilson Fitzgerald, and they became the parents of three children, of whom two are hving: Jennie H., the wife of Dr. J. D. Farrar, of Baltimore, Mary- land; and Anna W., at home. In his social relations Mr. De Rousse is a Mason, an Odd Fellow and an Elk. In manner he is genial, courteous and kindly, — qualities which make him very popular with all classes. He has a wide acquaintance among the most prominent men of the state, and inspires personal friendships of great strength. His marked individuality and force of character have gained him leadership in political circles, while his genuine worth has won him uniform respect. TAJIKS S. HOWEY. James S. Howey, the owner of the loeautiful farm known as Ivy Side and considered one of the most desirable country seats in Gloucester county, was born on a farm on Old Man's creek in \\''oolwich township, a son of Benjamin and Isabella (Stratton) Howey. Robert Howe, who was of the same family as Lord Howe, commander-in-chief of the British army during the Revolu- tionary war, came to the United States prior to the year 1700, secured a large farm in Woolwich township, Gloucester county, which remained in posses- sion of a member of the Howey family until 1847, and is now owned by William Davis, also a descendant of Robert Howe. The place is known as Pleasant I\Ieadow farm and thereon occurred the birth of our subject. John Howe, a brother of Robert, located in Pennsylvania, while William Howe, another brother, remained in England. Robert Howe's children attended a school which was conducted by a Scotchman who told them that their name should be spelled Howie. That form was accordingly adopted, but was afterward changed to Howey, although the original family Bible, now in possession of our subject, gives the name without the final "y." Robert Howe married Miss Mary Trough, of New Jersey, and there were born the following children: EHzabeth; Mary, born December 16, 1762; Joshua, November 22, 1764: Isaac, September 8, 1766; Robert, No- vember 5, 1768; Mary, December 8, 1770; and Deborah, January 27, 1773. Of these children Isaac married Abigail Matlack, and to them were born the CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 339 following named: Mary \V., who was born February 8, 1790; Benjamin M., who was born January 18, 1792, and died July 4, 1840; Rebecca, born February 12, 1794; Abigail, April 7, 1796; Isaac, February 19, 1798; Ann, who was born December 9, 1799, and married John Ogden, of Woodstown, New Jersey; Hope, born November 11, 1801; Arthur, April i, 1804; and Martha, February 7, 1806. After the death of the father of these children, the mother, Abigail Howey, married David Davis, and they had two cliil- dren: David M., born October 3, 1809; and Joseph, March 27, 181 1. Benjamin Howey, the father of our subject, married Isabella, a daughter of Dr. James Stratton, and they had twelve children: Anna Maria, the eldest, was born January i, 1818, became the wife of Edward Carpenter and died in Philadelphia; Rebecca, born February i, 181 9, married Cooper Champion and died in Philadelphia, leaving three children, Charles, Isabella and Sarah; Sarah H., born September 17, 1820, and Henrietta, born April 17, 1822, are both deceased; Martha D., born November 22, 1823, died in childhood. James S. is the next of the family: Benjamin F., born March 17, 1828, was the captain of Company G, Thirty-first New Jersey Infantry during the ci\il war, subsequently he became a citizen of Warren county. New Jersey, and was elected its sherifif in 1878. In 1882 he was elected to represent the Fourth New Jersey district in congress, being the only Re- publican that ever held the office in Warren county. He married Martha Evans and died February 6, 1893, leaving three children: Frances, Mary Isabella, and Anna C. Abigail, born March i, 1830, died in infancy; Frances, born July 5, 1832, is also deceased; Charles S., born June 8, 1835, resides at Philadelphia; Margaret Hazleton is the wife of Charles S. Howie and has a daughter, Clara, who is the wife of H. Gilling- ham; Isaac, born February 3, 1838, died in childhood; Mary Isabella, born November 4, 1840, is the wife of Joseph K. Wheeler, of Philadelphia, and has three children, — Samuel, Joseph T.. and Henrietta. James S. Howey acquired his education in the academies of Swedesboro and Bridgeton, and afterward assisted his father in the work of the home farm until 1847. when he accepted a position as salesman in a grocery store in Philadelphia, remaining there two years. Subsequentlv he was the man- ager of a store at Mill Hall, Pennsylvania, for a year, and then returned to Woolwich township, Gloucester county, where he followed agricultural pursuits for six years. In 1864 he purchased his present home, known as Ivy Side farm, and successfully operated it for eleven years, when he removed to Philai'elphia, where he occupied a position as salesman for fourteen years. Through the succeeding six years he resided in Merchantville, New Jersev, and then came to the Ivv Side farm, where he now lives. 340 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Mr. Howey was married March 24, 1852, to Miss Henrietta C. Ogdeii, daughter of Samuel and Martha D. (Lippincott) Ogden. of the Ivy Side farm. They now have four children: Martha; Harry C, who is in the in- surance business in Philadelphia; Katherine Taggart and Isabella Stratton. Mr. Howey and his family are members of Trinity Episcopal church, of Swedesboro, in which he formerly served as vestryman. In politics he is a stalwart Republican, but has never aspired to office, content to cast his ballot in support of Republican measures, without seeking official reward therefor. His life has been one of activity and industry and his upright career has ever gained to him the respect and confidence of those with whom he has been brought in contact. JOSEPH C. MARSHALL, M. D. The world instinctively pays deference to the man whose success has been worthily achieved, who has attained wealth by honorable business methods, acquired the highest reputation in his chosen calling by merit, and whose social prominence is not the less the result of an irreproachable life than of recognized natural gifts. It is these elements that have made Dr. Joseph Corson Marshall one of the leading and representative citizens of Tuckahoe and Cape May county, while his standing in professional circles is due to his superior skill, knowledge and ability. The Doctor was born July 3, 1848, in Tuckahoe, where he yet makes his home, and is a son of Randolph and Sarah (Hughes) Marshall. The ancestry of the family can be traced back to the time w-hen Randall, Nehemiah and John Marshall emigrated from England to the United States and settled on the bank of the Potomac river, where Randall was married to Hannah Chew. He and his father-in-law, Thomas Chew, removed to Good Intent, Xew Jersey, locating on the Hazzard property near the town of Blackwood. He afterward went to Lambs Mill, where he remained until his death in 1780, at the age of sixty-six years. He left ten children: Randall, Thomas, John, William, Joseph, Mary, Elizabeth, Sarah, Hannah and Charity. Of this family, Thomas Marshall married Ann Please, and their children were Re- becca. John, Randall, David, William and Thomas. Randall Marshall, the paternal grandfather of the Doctor, was born June 15, 1771, and died September 21, 1841. He built the Port Elizabeth Glass Works and later the glass works at Marshallville, New Jersey, for the manu- facture of window glass, being the pioneer in that line of business in southern New Jersey. He also operated saw and grist mills and owned large tracts of -z^-(t ^>t>, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 341 land. On the 30th of July, 1847, lie sold the glass works and the sawmill at Marshallville to Thomas Van Gilder, for seven thousand five hundred and twenty-five dollars. He also operated and owned a tannery at Port Elizabeth, New Jersey. At the last mentioned place, in August, 1793, he wedded Mary Reeves, a daughter of Henry and Hannah D. (Furnace) Reeves. Her father was born June 21, 1749, and died NovemI>er 2^. 1840, while her mother, who was born May 16, 1753, died Xovemlier 17, 1824. They were married Feb- ruary 8, 1772, and Mrs. Reeves was a member of the old and distinguished Furnace family of Philadelphia. Henry Reeves was of English lineage. He Ixjught large tracts of land near Port Elizabeth, and the place was named in honor of his wife. He gave to the church the site upon which the house of worship was erected, and was a very prominent citizen of the community. Ihito Mr. and Mrs. Reeves were born the following children : William, born March 4, 1773 ; Benjamin F., born in August. 1774 ; Mary, torn Septemljer 22. 1777, and died March 30, 1847; Elizaljeth, born September 21, 1779; Henry, who was torn January 26, 1782. and died November 5, 1813 : Jane, torn September 21, 1783: Hannah, torn Octotor 21, 1785; Abraham, born Februarv 27. 1788: Dorothy, born May 23, 1790, and died April 17. 1837. and [ohn. born February 27, 1794, and died Octotor 22, 1805. Of this family, Marv. the third child, tocame the wife of Randall Marshall. The children torn to Mr. and Mrs. Marshall were as follows : Thomas Chew, the eldest, born Octotor 3, 1793, was married May 18, 1818, to Ex- lierience Steelman, who was born November 7, 1796. His death occurred May 6, 1868, and hers June 2, 1867. Their children were Charles; Henry, who luarried Olive Young; Mary, wife of William Gandy; Hannah, wife of John J. Corson; Lydia, wife of Robert Edmunds; Jane; Ann; Randall, who married Susan Corson; Thomas; Frederick; Ann, wife of Rufus Budd ; Eliza Jane, wife of Samuel Steelman; Charles; and Emma, wife of Lewis S. Williams. Mary, the second child of Randall Marshall, was Ixjrn September 27, 1804, and died February 24, 1876. On the 22d of July, 1823, she became the wife of Ebenezer Seely, and their children were Jane, wife of Elijah Ire- land; Ephraim, who married Nancy Nordyke; Randolph; Etonezer M. ; Charles; Mary, wife of Charles Baird; Henrietta, wife of William Burnett; Thomas, who married Lydia Godfrey. Ann, the third child of Randall Mar- shall, was torn June 20, 1795, was married July 22, 1812, to Frederick Stano-er, and died February 15, 1815. Henry, the fourth child, hn-n IMarch 11, 1800, died April 15, 1808. Hannah R. was torn July 25, 1802. Randolph Marshall, the second son of Randall Marshall, and the father of Dr. Marshall, was born at Port Elizabeth, New Jersey, January 9, 181 1, was educated in the public schools, and afterward spent four years in Miller's druo- 342 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF TIIF. FIRST store, on Foiirtli and Walnut streets, Philadelpliia. He tlien entered tlie med- ical department of the University of Pennsyl\-ania, from which he was grad- uated in iS_^4. For fortA'-five years he practiced medicine in Cape May county. h'i\'ing- a \ery liheral palrnna^'e, which extended over a radius nf twenty miles. Durius;' this time he made his home in Marshallville. His l.axitv in im])Osing and collecting fees and his generosity to the genera] public alone prevented his accumulation of great wealth. He held membership in the Cape May ('ounty Medical Society, was a charter member of Star Lodge, No. 65, F. & A. M., and also of tlie Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Tuckahoe. and had a birth- right membership in the Society of Friends. His death occurred in Marshall- ville, February 19, 1879. On the 21st of May, 1835. he married Sarah Hughes, who was l)(>rn Jaiuiary 7, 1816, a daughter of Fllis and Sarah ( Higgins) Hug'hes. Her father was horn in 1793. and was a son of the celebrated Thomas Hughes, the only Congressman e\'er elected from Cape May county. The mother of Mrs. Marshall was born in 179^), and died October 15, 1821. Dr. and Mrs. Ivandolph Marshall were peoi)le of the highest respectability and had many friends in the community in which they resided. The Doctor's father was a man of many sterling c|ualities, of marked individuality and strong intel- lectuality. In his family he maintained strict discipline, yet was a man of great kindliness of heart and nobility of character. In business affairs he was very exact atid methodical. He kept a memorandum of facts iiertaining to his family history, wliich has served as the basis of this record. He had ti\e children: I<".llen. born .\pril Ct, }i>T,(K was married bebruarv II, i8f)2, to I>elfor(>. and married Miss May W'heaton, and Jennie, who was born December 14, i8C)(), and is the wife of Dr. Sharjie. Benjaiuin II., 1)orn Sei>tember 25, 1840, was married to Eliza Ogden, July 4, i8f)r. Their children are Hattie, born April 30, 1867, married R. Fendall .Siuith: and S.allie. l)orn .\ugust 10, 1871, and married Everton Corson. James 1... born January 20, 1844, was mar- ried May 28. 1873, to Emma Smith, ami thcii- children are: Burroughs, who is employed in a bank at Ocean City, and lunma. Kllis H., born Sejitember 18, 1845, married Hattie Shoemaker, who died Jainiary 30, 1874, leaving a daughter, Sallie. who married William C. .\bbott, a druggist. By his sec- ond wife, who bore the maiden name of Lxdia Gaudy, he had one child, Tiiomas. He is a well-known and leading mercliant of Seaville, Cape May county, and has twice represented bis district in the state legisaturc. Jo- seph C. is the sixtli of the family. Alary, who was born December 17, 1850, C^/Zax^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 343 died August 25, 1868, at the age of eighteen years. Randolph married Rae Steehnan, and is a practicing physician at Tuckalioe. He is associated with our subject in the ownershi]) of a drug store and in tlie practice of mechcine. Aima. born April 4, 1858, married Captain Maurice Godfrey, and is now living at Marshallville. Dr. Joseph Marshall, after receiving a public school education, entered Pennington Seminar)-, where he took a finished classical, preparatory college course, and began the study of his chosen profession with his father at Tuck- ahoe, in 1867. He entered the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1868. an office student of the late Prof. Lenox Hodge, and graduated in the class of 1870. Whilst at the college he enjoyed, as the stu- dent of Prof. Hodge, especial privileges at the Will's Eye Hospital and in the study of obstetrics, receiving at graduation certificates to that effect. The following sununer he opened an office in Fairton, New Jersey, where he re- mained for ten years, after which he came to Tuckahoe and formed a part- nership with his brother, Randolph, a connection that has since been main- tained. He enjoys an extensive patronage, and in handling many difficult cases has tlemonstrated his superior skill and ability. He is a member of the Cape May County Medical Society and has served as its president. In 1870 he and his brother established their drug store, and in that undertaking- met with success, having built up a large trade. He is also extensively en- gaged in cranberry culture. The marshes have a capacity of ten thousand bushels, giving employment to uiany laborers and returning a liberal reve- nue. In his political views the Doctor is a Repid)lican and keeps well informed on the issues of the day, InU has never sought office, preferring- to devote his energies to the demands nf his ])rofessional duties. He has gained marked prestige in the medical fraternity and is a man of strong intellect and marked indiividuality, whose pleasant and genial manner makes him popular with all. CHRISTIAN WOLFERTH. Christian -Wolferth, a farmer and commission merchant doing business at \\'olferth station, was horn in Wurtemberg, Germany, March 29. 1834, and is a son of John \Yolferth, who was a farmer by occupation an\vn ellDrts. lie wdrked in I'hiladclphi:! tliniUi^ii the first summer and in the fall came to Gloucester count}-, wliei'c he was eni])]oyed as a farm hand for ten years. On the expiration of that period he purchased land and l>egan farming' on his own account. Me is now the owner of three hundred acres of land in three farms, which is under a \uv;h state of cultiva- tion and yields an excellent return for the care and lalx>r hestowed u]K>n it. The places are well improved with good buildings and their neat and thrifty api)earance well indicates tlie careful supervision of tlie owner. In addition to the oi^eration of this land, he does a large commission Imsiness in vege- tables, his sales Ijeing' extensive and bringing tO' him a good profit. Wolferth station is on his farm, and more business is done at this jxiint than at any station on the road except Swedesboro. Mr. Wolferth was married in January, 1865, Miss Caroline Grau l>ecom- ing his wife. She, too, is a nati\e of W'urtemberg, Germany, and by her marriage she has become the mother of two children, — ^John and Charles. The sons are Ixjth with their father. The elder married Mary Rode, a daughter of John Rode, and they have a son, named Charles \\'olferth. John Wolferth is engaged in farming on one of his father's farms, while the younger sqn, Charles, is assisting his father in the commission business. In 1900 our subject and his wife and their only grandson made an extended visit to Europe, si^ending several months abroad. They visited the Paris exposition and the old home of his boyhood days, Mr. Wolferth seeing that place for the first time in forty-six years. They also visited the king and (|ueen of Wurtemlaerg, were shown all over the palace and sat in the chair which was used by Napoleon 1, and so arranged that when he sat down it began to play music. Mr. and Mrs. Wolferth had a very pleasant trip, and when they returned, almost the entire community and relatives gathered to welcome them at the old homestead at Wolferth station, a1x)ut two hundred guests being there entertained. Mrs. Wolferth has jjeen indeed a helpmeet to her husband and is a most estimable lady. In politics he is a Democrat and has held a number of local offices, but his time has been given more largelv to his business afTairs. He was formerly a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and for a number of years served as a class-leader. He now l>elongs to the German Evangelical church, is one of its trustees and lias been the superintendent of the Sunday-school. He takes an active interest in church work. Mr. Wolferth is truly a self-made man, for, starting out in life empty-handed, he has overcome many dif^culties and obstacles and has steadily worked his way upward to a jx>sition of affluence. CONGR'E'SSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 345 JOHN J. HITCHNER. John J. Hitchner represents a class of our rising generation who are rapidly forging their way to the front in the business world, both in com- mercial and agricultural circles. He is possessed of sturdy, industrious habits and a character which is above reproach, while the manner in which he conducts his farm and the condition in which he keeps it shows that he is possessed of no mean business ability. He is a son of Charles and Elizabeth (Timberman) Hitchner, and was born March 10, 1875, in Alloway, Salem county, New Jersey. Charles Hitchner was a son of Johnson Hitchner and both were natives of Friesburg, although of German descent. Charles was reared to the occupation of farm- ing and continued that industry all his life, for eight years conducting the cultivation of his father's land and in 1875 buying the place now occupied by our subject. He was public-spirited and prominent in local afifairs, a member of the church and the incumbent of a number of town offices, among them that of freeholder, collector, member of the school board, etc. He was a trustee in the Presbyterian church, a director in the City National Bank of Salem and was a very successful man in his business. He owned some two hundred and fifty acres of land at his death, besides other property. He had erected a canning factory at Daretown which furnished a good market for the product of the surrounding farmers and was a source of income to its owner as well. His marriage to Elizabeth Timberman was^ honored in the birth of Alar- garet. Alberta (Mrs. Benjamin Mickle), John J. and Geneva. His death occurred in Alloway, Salem county, April 30, 1896, and was the occasion of heartfelt grief among a wide circle of friends. LEWIS M. MYERS. Lewis M. Myers is a member of the firm of J. & L. Myers, merchants of Repaupo, and is the trustworthy postmaster of that place. He was born in the town which is still his home February 19, 1859, and is the son of George B. and Mariah (Parker) Myers. His mother died in 1868, and his father, surviving her many years, passed away November 25, 1890, at the age of sixty-two years. His grandfather was George Myers, a son of George Myers, Sr., who came from Germany to the New World and located in Gloucester county, New Jersey, where his descendants have since followed agricultural pursuits. L. M. jMyers was an only son and had but one sister, Lizzie P., 346 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST who is now the wife of Milton H. Myers, a carriage-lniilder of Swedesboro, New Jersey. The subject of this review acquired his education in the ])ul)Hc scliools of Repaupo, and assisted his father in the work of the home farm until 1879, when, in company with his uncle, Joseph Myershe engaged in merchandising, which he has since followed with signal success. They have a well-stocked store supplied with everything demanded by a general trade, and a liberal patronage is accorded them, liy reason of their honorable dealing and reliable business methods. On the 20th of June, 1885, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Myers and Miss Alice E. Uron, a daughter of Leonard S. Uron, of Repaupo, and to them has been born one son, Giles. In his social relations Mr. Myers is connected with Delaware Tribe, No. 44, 1. O. R. M. He is a stanch Demo- crat and was appointed postmaster of Repaupo on the ist of October, 1890. He has discharged his duty with such marked ability and fidelity that he has since been continued in the office. His fellow townsmen know him as an enterprising business man, a public-spirited citizen and a gentleman of sterling worth. EDWARD F. EVANS. Edv\ard F. Evans, a well known farmer of Williamstown, was born in Washington township, Gloucester county. New Jersey, August 24, 1859. His grandfather, Edward Eyans, was a native of Wales and emigrated to this country in 1827. He was prospered in business and became a large land-holder. His son John was the father of the subject of this sketch. He was first married to Harriet, a daughter of Sampson Pearson, of Green Tree. Four children were born of this union, of whom two are living: Harry, a resident of Camden, New Jersey, and Edward F. The mother died May 31, 1898. The subject of this sketch attended the country schools of his native place, securing a good common-school education, and then turned his at- tention to farming. In 1883 he bought the farm on which he now resides and which he had previously rented. It comprises two hundred and eighty- eight acres of excellent land and shows good management in its cultivation. In connection with general farming Mr. Evans is engaged in the buying and selling of horses and also deals in farm implements and machiner}'. He has generally been successful in his business operations and is now in the enjoyment of a handsome income. Mr. Evans is a member of the Masonic order, affiliated with Williamstown Lodge, No. 166, has been a school lM^:g:iL-M^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 347 trustee for many years and is liberal in his support of the church and philan- thropic institutions. The marriage of E. F. Evans to Tamzon N. a daughter of George Hurff. took place November 15, 1896, and three children — Clifford F., Helen L., and Alice F. — have been born to them. LEWIS S. CARLL. Lewis S. Carll, who was for many years the leading business man of Hancock's Bridge, where he now resides in retirement, was born in the town of Lower Alloway Creek, October 20, 1833, and is a son of Ephraim and Mary A. (Smith) Carll. His father also was a native of Salem county, followed fanning all his life, was a member of the New Jersey legislature in 1845 and the judge of Salem county from 1848 to 1868, and died at the age of eighty years, his wife dying at the age of seventy-five years. Lewis S. Carll followed farming till about thirty years old and then en- gaged in general merchandising at Hancock's Bridge, carrying on a very extensive business for twenty-five years. He operated largely in seeds and grain, owning an elevator with a capacity of twenty thousand bushels. He was the postmaster from 1861 to 1893, a position held by his son, Harry C. M. Carll, since 1897. Mr. Carll was married in June, 1865. to ]Miss Athalinda Baker. They have four children, — Luke F., Lucius H., Harry C. 1\L and Miss Lucy S. Mr. Carll and familv are memljers of the Societv of Friends. LOUIS N. SHREVE. Louis N. Shreve, whose business is that of undertaker at Glassboi'o, New Jersey, is a native of Barnsboro, Gloucester county. New Jersey. He was born July 27, 1861. His parents were Mahlon and Harriet (Chew) Shreve. Our subject's father was born near Bordentown, New Jersey, and his father was of an old family of that section. Mahlon was a blacksmith and followed that trade nearly all of his life; he is now seventy-one years of age. His wife, who was of an old and very prominent family, died in 1896. Of their eight children the following six are living: William, now of Clayton; Na- thaniel, of Clayton; Nelson, of Berlin, Camden county; Amos, of Clayton; Louis N.; and Lida, the wife of Walter Staulcup, of Clayton. Our subject received a good education by attending the local schools 348 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and select schools. He followed farm life for a number of years and when he was seventeen years of age went to Clarksboro to learn the undertaker's trade, together with the art of embalming. He served there for seven years, and in 1888 began business at Glassboro on his own account. Just prior to engaging in business he attended the United States School of Embalming at New York. He received a diploma, which shows that he is an expert in this line. For three years he was the coroner of this county. Being a firm believer in the brotherhood of man, he is identified with the orders of Masons, Knights of Pythias, Junior and Senior and Indepen- dent orders of Mechanics and is the high priest in the Knights of the Golden Eagle. In his church connection he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. June 3, 1882, he was married to Rennie, a daughter of Richard Skinner. Two children bless this union, — Bland and Bessie. It almost goes without saying that our subject is a busy man of affairs, yet he finds time to attend to the duties which he owes to his family and the various civic societies to which he be!on"S. ALEXANDER R. LUDLAM. Captain A. R. Ludlam is now living a retired life near Dennis, where he owns a comfortable and attractive residence situated on a tract of eleven acres of land. For many years he sailed the seas and for some time was the owner of a vessel used in securing pine and other lumber in the south, Init now has put aside all business cares and is spending the evening of his days in the quiet enjoyment of a well earned rest. The Captain was born in Goshen, Cape May county, on the 8th of May, 1827. his parents being James and Jane (Ritchie) Ludlam. Among his an- cestors the first of whom we have any extended record is Joseph Ludlam, who was a son of Anthony Ludlam, and who married and reared a family of three children. Jeremiah, the eldest, died childless. Joseph, who fol- lowed farming at North Dennis, had three children: Phoebe; Abigail, who married Seth Hand; and Thomas, whose children were Mrs. John Evans; and Thomas, who had four children,- — Smith, Sarah, Thomas and Jacob. Henry, the youngest child of Joseph Ludlam, was the grandfather of our subject. He served his country in the war of 1812, and after the cessation of hostilities was justice of the peace. He died at the ripe old age of eighty years. His children were Abigail, Daniel, Henry, Joseph. Sarah Lewis, James and Smith. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 349 James Ludlam, the father of our subject, was bom in Dennisville, Cape ]\Iay county, in 1784, and died in 1867. By occupation he was a farmer, but in early life followed the sea. His political support was given the \\'hig party, and during the war of 1812 he did patrol duty on shore. He married Jane Ritchie, and they became the parents of the following children: James, Alexander, Mary, Ann, Jane and Eliza. The father died in March, 185 1, at the age of sixty-seven years; and the mother died about 1870, in the eighty- seventh year of her age. Captain Ludlam attended school in Goshen and when sixteen years of age shipped before the mast. His fidelity won him promotion to the rank of mate, and for a quarter of a century he was the captain of a vessel. He was shipwrecked in a storm at Cape Charles on Washington's birthday, 1863, at which time he was in command of a vessel loaded with two hundred and sixty tons of coal, bound for Fortress Monroe, but all was lost. He traded with Fort Royal and Fortress Monroe and brought the first pine from Savannah to Philadelphia after the blockade was declared, — a very hazardous under- taking. His voyage was from Galveston, Texas, tO' Philadelphia, in 1867. It required forty days for him to make the trip and he then resolved that he would never go to sea again, — a resolution to which he has strictly adhered. He owned a half interest in a vessel and was engaged in the pine and lumber trade until 1885, in which year he retired to private life. He also owns a farm at Goshen, New Jersey, together with other valuable prop- erty. On the 14th of December, 185 1, Mr. Ludlam was united in marriage to Mary, a daughter of Edward Price, and they now have four children. Jane is the wife of Oscar A. Fow, who is engaged in the wholesale and retail meat business in Philadelphia, and they have three children: Elva A., who mar- ried Robert L. Saunders, of Philadelphia, and has one child, Minerva H.; Clarence B., who married Linda Fairchild and has a daughter, Lillie May; and Lilly. Edward died in childhood. Henry, a graduate of the high school at Hackettstown and Shoemaker's School of Oratory, married Alice Pyle, a daughter of General Pyle, and they have a daughter, Helen. Alexander, who was lost at sea, had married a Miss Foster and had one child, Ethel. In his political views the Captain is a Republican. His life has been one of usefulness and honor. He has been true to his duty to his family, to his neighbor and to his country, and now in his declining years he merits and receives the veneration and respect which should ever be accorded old age. He has passed the seventieth milestone on life's journey, yet seems much younger and still takes a keen interest in affairs of local and national im- portance. 350 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST THOMAS COLE ALLEN. There is but one chief ruler of a nation, be he king, emperor or jiresirlent. But comparatively few can gain the highest position in military circles or along artistic lines; but the field of business afifords unlimited opportunities, and therein a man may gain a leading position in his special line and win success by his own unaided efforts. This T. C. Allen has done, and to-day he is engaged m the wholesale poultry-shipping business, making his head- . quarters at Glassboro. He was born in Hurft'ville, Gloucester county, on the 19th of September, 1848, and is of English lineage, his grandfather, Samuel Allen, having come from the "merrie isle" to the New World. His son, Isaac T. Allen, the father of our subject, was born in Woodstown, New Jersey, and was a car- penter and millwright by trade, following those occupations throughout his business career. He resided for many years in Hurf^ville, and died on the i2th of August, 1897. He was long a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal church and took an active part in its work, serving as steward and trustee. He married Miss Mary Bilks, a daughter of Joseph Bilks, also a resident of Hurffville, and her death occurred in 1864. By the marriage of this worthy couple six children were born, of whom three are still living: Thomas Cole Allen, of this review; Frank, who is living on the old home- stead in Hurffville; and Abbie, the wife of E. T. Leap, who is living in Glass- boro township. T. C. Allen was early inured to the labors of the farm, for as soon as old enough he began work in the fields and aided in their cultivation until the harvests were gathered in the autumn. He then entered the com- mon schools of the neighborhood, where he pursued his studies for about three months in each year. With the coming of spring it again became his duty to take his place behind the plow. In his early manhood he assumed control of the home farm, which he cultivated until 1872, when he entered upon his present line of business. He began buying poultry and shipping it to the city, and now covers a section of country extending twenty-live miles in each direction. He employs three men to assist him in making purchases and is now carrying on an extensive business. In 1898 he shipped five hun- dred and fifty tons of poultry, valued at two hundred thousand dollars, and sells to the New York, Boston and Philadelphia markets. His well directed efforts have brought to him a very gratifying success, and in addition to his dealing in poultry he is a stockholder and director in the First National Bank of Glassboro. On the 27th of November, 1872, Mr. Allen married ]\Iiss Emma Zimmer- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 351 man, a daughter of Abraham Zimmerman, of Glassboro, and they now have a daughter, whose name is Elsie ^l. They also lost one child. Theirs is a beautiful home, noted for its hospitality, and their worth is indicated by the fact that their friends are numbered among the best citizens of the com- munity. In his political views IMr. Allen is a stanch Republican and for twelve years he has served as township committeeman. He is also a steward in the Methodist Episcopal church, contributes liberally to the support of the church and has been an active factor in all branches of its work. Socially he is a very prominent Mason, having attained the th'irty-second degree of the Scottish rite. He is the treasurer of the blue lodge, and is also a member of the order of Knights of Pythias. In the Sunday-school he is serving as assistant-superintendent and is most regular in his attendance on church and Sunday-school. He cheerfully gives his support to all measures calculated to uplift and benefit humanity and to promote the welfare and progress of his community. When Mr. Allen left home he had only five dollars in his pocket, but he possessed an honest and a resolute purpose and unfaltering energy and resolved that he would win success, if it could be done through straightforward, honorable dealing. His labors have been diligently prose- cuted and his close application to business has enabled him to realize his hopes, his beautiful home being an indication of the success which he has achieved. GEORGE HIGGINS. George Higgins, a young but successful merchant of Glassboro, New Jer- sey, was born in that village, on November 7, 1871, the son of Joseph Higgins, a native of Philadelphia, whose personal history appears near the close of this sketch. George attended school in boyhood, but when old enough entered the store of his father, who is now deceased. George now carries on the business for his mother and sisters. He is a member of the board of education, taking much interest in the welfare of the schools, which institution he highly prizes. Aside from his many business cares, he finds time to do his part tO' maintain the following lodges with which he is affil- iated: Junior Order of American Mechanics, Knights of the Golden Eagle, of which he is a past chief; and the Daughters of Liberty, of which he is a trustee. January 9, 1897, he was married. Our subject's father, Joseph Higgins, was a son of Joseph Higgins, Sr. Joseph, the first named, was reared in Burlington, New Jersey, and became a wheelwright. In 1854 he moved to Glassboro and engaged in merchandis- ing. He died March 8, 1899. In his political views he was a strong believer 352 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST in Demorratic ideas. He was the postmaster three terms, a township com- mitteeman, and freeholder for ten years. He was a Christian gentleman and prominent in the Methodist church. At one time he was a candidate for the assembly. He married Avalinda Lowden, the daughter of George Lowden, of Riverside, Burlington county. New Jersey. She is now seventy-five years of age. They were the parents of eight children, six of whom are living at this time: W. R., of New York; Frank, at home; Samuel L., of Glassboro; Marion P., the wife of Joseph J. Seddon. of Glassboro; Avalinda, at home; and our subject, George Higgins. Our subject's father was an active man in whatever he undertook. He was a true citizen; a faithful friend to all who sought to do the right; was ever ready to do his part, politically; and he held many of the important places of trust and honor in the communities in which he lived and labored. For over forty years he was an active Methodist. He imparted much of his true manliness to our subject, who as a business man is certain to take front rank. In these times, to be in a legitimate business and have the good will of a rich and prosperous trading community, is to be in a fortunate position. CLAYTON B. TICK. Clayton B. Tice was born in W'illiamstown, New Jersey, November 19. 1830, and is a son of Richard H. Tice, who Avas a "native of Camden, Gloucester county. His father, John Tice, was a soldier of the Revolution and was a son of Cornelius Tice, whose ancestors came from Germany. John Tice moved to Williamstown at a very early day and became possessed of a great deal of land in this vicinity. Richard H. Tice was a prominent politician and took a leading part in township affairs. He was one of the founders of the Presbyterian church and much credit is due him for the assistance he gave toward the building of the edifice for which he donated the ground. He was a progressive farmer who took pride in his work. He was married to Miss Hannah, a daughter of John Ware of Sicklertown, and ten children were born to them, four of whom survive their parents, viz.: Clayton B.; Richard; Charles F., both of Avhom reside in this vicinity; and Hannah, the w-ife of Walter R. Thomas, of Philadelphia. The father died in 1864 and the mother eleven years later. Clayton B. Tice attended the public schools in his youth and later en- gaged in farming. He has a fine piece of land, consisting of thirty-five acres, which is kept in a high state of cultivation. He was one of the originators of the manufacture of glass of ^^'illiamstowll, associated with ^y^<^. /V>-1 /^^ ^-<^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 353 William C. Nicholson, Jacob De Hart and others, in 1835. The panic of 1836 crippled their operations and Mr. Tice returned to his farming. He has always affiliated with the Republican party and has taken an active part in their campaigns. He has served as judge of election a number of times and from i860 was freeholder four years in Camden county. Coming to this county he held, the same ofifice from 1869 for nine consecutive years, and was township committeeman for a number of years. He was elected assessor in 1893 and is still an incumbent of that ofifice. He was a commis- sioner of deeds from 1859 to 1865, and has always taken a deep interest in the success of his party. He chose as his partner through the vicissitudes of life, Miss Catherine Eldridge, a daughter of J. D. Eldridge of this village. Ten children have been born to them, six of whom are living, viz.: Millard F., of Philadel- phia; R. Howell, now the principal of the school at Merchantville, New Jersey; Nelson, of Philadelphia; Mabel, the wife of Dunlevy Loughlin, of Williamstown; Amy, now teaching at Janvier; and Clayton, at home. Mr. Tice is liberal in his religious views and is a man of exceedingly bright intellect, who keeps thoroughly abreast of all topics of importance. He is honorable and upright to a fault and is universally esteemed. M. JONES LUFFBARY, M. D. Dr. Luffbary, one of the successful medical practitioners of Glassboro, New Jersey, was born in the town in which he now resides, July 25. 1862. His father, Samuel Luffbary. was a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and is a glass-blower. He has the honor of being the superintendent of the Methodist Sunday-school and class-leader of the Methodist class at Glassboro for the past twenty-five years. He is a celebrity in another matter, that of having instituted the Masonic lodge, at Glassboro, as well as the Odd Fel- lows' lodge. He married Eliza Becket, daughter of William Becket, of Cumberland county. Samuel Luffbary is now sixty-five years of age, and his good wife three years younger. Of their six children only two survive: Daisy, the wife of George Randall, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and our subject. After having attended the public schools, our subject graduated at Jef- ferson Medical College, in 1884, with the rightfully earned degree of M. D. He at once began to follow his favorite profession, at Glassboro, and has remained there ever since. 354 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Having the natural endowments of a successful physician and being- well schooled in professional studies in one of the leading medical colleges of the land, Dr. Luffhary has built up a very extensive practice. Dr. Lufifbary belongs to the Masonic order, the Red Men, the Junior Order of American Mechanics and the Independent Order of American Me- chanics, and has been through all of the chairs of these orders. In 1881 he , married Lindia, a daughter of Brazilla Abbott, of New Jersey. To this esteemed couple have been born four children : Roscoe, Wilber, Daisy and Florence. With his bright and interesting family, the Doctor has the good will and esteem of all within the scope of their acquaintance. JOSEPH M. GREEN. Among the well-to-do and enterprising citizens of Williamstown, Glou- cester county, New Jersey, will be found the gentleman whose name heads this sketch. He was born in Swedesboro, October 6, 1849, and dates his ancestry in this country back to 1600, at which time members of the family settled in the place of his nativity. His father, Chester Green, was a son of Jacob Green and followed the trade of shoemaking. He married Hannah A. Madera, of a well known family of Swedesboro, and three children were born to them: Joseph M., Edward F., who lives at Atlantic City; and Anna, the wife of William Treadwell, a resident of Williamstown. Mr. Green obtained his education in the public schools of his native place and in 1879 purchased the fami of one hundred and eight acres on which he now resides. Here he carries on general farming, in which he is very successful, and in addition does a large business in farming machinery, windmills, etc. He is a very active, enterprising man and with characteristic energy, and thrift inherited in part from his forefathers, who were noted people in their own land, has made for himself a name and a place in his community. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and while not an aspirant for office he works for the success of his party, believing it to be in harmony with the principles which underlie the best form of go\-ernmcnt that llie sun shines on. Mr. Green was united in marriage to Miss Katurah, a daughter of Chris- topher Knisel, of Hardingville, Gloucester county, May 6, 1871. Of this union eight children have been born: Sarah F. (Mrs. George Galbraith), Hannah M. (Mrs. Charles Young), Carrie V. (Mrs. Frank Giberson), Mar- garetta N. (deceased), William J., Mattie K., Anna G. and Lcroy C. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 355 SAMUEL L. SERAN. This well known farmer and old settler of Aura, Gloucester county, was born at that place September 16, 1838. His father, Samuel Seran, also a native of Aura, was a son of David Seran and a descendant of a family who emigrated from Germany and settled at Swedesboro at an early day. Samuel enlisted for the war of 1812 and was engaged in active service. About 1825 he removed to the farm which his son now occupies and which was willed to him by David Seran, and there died in 1870. His wife was Eunice Langley, a daughter of Silas Langley, and she was the mother of five children, of whom Samuel L., our subject, is the only survivor. She died in 1872. The subject of this sketch has spent almost his entire life on the farm. As a boy he attended the district school and later assisted his father in harvesting the crops, looking after the stock and the numberless duties which fall to the lot of a farmer's lad. \\'hen the civil war broke out he gladly offered his services to sustain the government, and on September 14, 1862, enlisted at Woodbun,' in the Twelfth New Jersey Infantry. He took part in a num- ber of hard-fought battles and was wounded on the field of Gettysburg. At the close of the war he returned to Aura and since that time has been engaged in farming on the old homestead of one hundred acres. He is a Republican in his political belief and is loyal to his principles. He has held the office of clerk to the school board for six years and takes a deep interest in the cause of education. Mr. Seran was married to Elizabeth, a daughter of Isaac Clark, of Frank- lin, and their family comprises five children: William D., of Vineland; May E., the wife of H. E. Essler, residing at Clayton; Maud; Edna; and Samuel Langlev Seran, who bears his father's name. SAMUEL L. HIGGIXS. Samuel L. Higgins, of Glassboro, New Jersey, whose business is that of a liveryman, is a native of this place, and was born June 8. 1859. His father, the well known late Joseph Higgins, a native of Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania, settled here in 1855, and was in business here forty-four years. He was born September 20, 1823, and died March 8, 1899. He belonged to the Meth- odist church and was connected with the K. of P. and Odd Fellows' orders. A more extended sketch of his life will be found appended to that of his son, George Higgins, elsewhere in this volume. S. L. Higgins, after attending the common schools of his section, went 356 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THP FIRST to the Kennet Square Academy. After his school days, he came home and learned the watch-maker's trade, and followed the jewelry business for eighteen years at Camden, Philadelphia and Glassboro. In 1893 he em- barked in the livery business. He does the chief livery l)usincss of the town, and is noted for his fair treatment and fine turn-outs. August 25, 1880, he was united in marriage to Achsah, the daughter of John W. Thomas, of Sewell, New Jersey. One child blesses their home, named Sarah. The Higgins family are well and favorably known in this part of New Jersey, by reason of the father's long business career, as well as the promi- nent part he always took in public matters. J. ELLIS PAULIN. J. Ellis Paulin, a justice of the peace, magistrate and notary pulilic of Glassboro, New Jersey, will form the subject of this notice. He was born in the above named place, August 26, 1853. When he attained the proper age he attended the common schools during the winter season, and in the sum- mer worked on the farm, thus developing the muscles as well as the brain. From the time he was twenty-one until he was twenty-six years old, he farmed "on shares." One year of his life was devoted to the butcher busi- ness, and for ten years he was the road supervisor. Politically Mr. Paulin is a Republican. In 1894 he was elected as the justice of the peace in his township, and in the spring of 1899 was re-elected for a term of five years. In 1895 he was appointed as a magistrate. He also served three years as coroner, and had more cases before him than any one before his time in office or since his term expired. He is a member of the O. U. A. M.; has been the financier of the lodge, and secretary for nine years. For the past eight years he has been the master of records for the Knights of the Golden Eagle. In lodge and political matters he is unusually active. The date of his first marriage was 1879, when he was wedded to Ella Chard, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Chard, of Millville. This lady died in 1885, leaving three children: Annie M., now the wife of Jacob Leisse, of Philadelphia; Willard B. and Edith B., both at home. For his second companion our subject married, in 1895, Adina E. Turner, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas E. Turner, of Harrisonville. Concerning our subject's ancestry, it may be said that his father was Joseph T. Paulin, born in Woodstown, New Jersey, and his father, our sub- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 357 ject's grandfather, was a native of the same locality. His name was David Paulin, and he was a soldier of the war of 1812. Joseph T. Paulin learned the butcher's trade, and moved to Glassboro about 1847, running- the busi- ness for five years, after which he farmed. In 1853 he was elected sheriff, serving three years, with acceptability. He died in 1886. In his religious faith he was a "Friend." He married Zillah Batten, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Batten, of Swedesboro. The good wife died in 1891. Of their six children only three survive, our subject being the eldest. The other two are named David and \\'illiam S. David lives in Glassboro and William S. in Philadel])hia, where he is engaged in manufacturing. CHARLES B. GRIER. W'oodstown, New Jersey, has alwavs been fortunate in the possession of numerous citizens of prominence who were self-made men in the best sense of that often abused term. Among such in the present generation none is more prominent than Charles B. Grier. one of the town's leading merchants and business men, whose career has been most creditable and whose achieve- ments have been won honestly and Ijy that earnest endeavor that is almost certain to bring success. Charles B. Grier was born November i, 1867, at Deerfield, Cumberland county. New Jersey, a son of George B. and Sarah A. (Wallace) Grier. His parents are both living, and George B. Grier is a prominent general mer- chant at Woodstown. George B. Grier is a son of Jonathan Grier, who was long a resident of Salem county. New Jersey, and who died there at the age of eighty-two years. During his early life Jonathan Grier was a contractor and builder, in which lines he acquired a creditable reputation in Philadel- phia, but late in life he retired to Salem county. New Jersey, where he be- came a leader among the successful farmers. George B. Grier was born in Mannington, Salem county, New Jersey, and until 1876 was a farmer well and widely known in Cumberland county, where he located early in life. His wife, Sarah A. Wallace, was a daughter of Allen Wallace, a native and lifelong resident of Piles Grove township, who died there, aged sixty-eight years, leaving an enviable record as a successful farmer and high-minded, progres- sive citizen. Charles B. Grier gained a thorough high-school education, and in 1883, at the age of sixteen years, began to assist his father in his then well estab- lished mercantile business, in which he was employed for twelve years, until 1895. Under his father's careful and practical instruction he acquired an 358 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST intimate knowledge of tlie local trade and its demands, which was of great benefit to him in the establishment and upbuilding of his own later enter- prise. In 1895 he formed a partnership with George Boone and opened a clothing and furnishing-goods store. The partnership existed until May 11, 1898, when it was dissolved by mutual consent. Mr. Grier continued the business and removed it to its present quarters on Main street, where he has built up a large and successful trade and has a growing patronage, which extends into all the rich country tributary to Woodstown. In every relation Mr. Grier has proven himself a public-spirited citizen who has the best interests of Woodstown at heart and is willing to work and to contribute liberally of his means to the enhancement of the general good. He is not a politician in the ordinary acceptation of the term, but, Ijelieving that politics is business and business is politics, he has pronounced views upon all questions of public import and exerts an influence whicii is always felt for the local and general interests of the great political party with which he affiliates. He is identified with Woodbine Lodge. No. 158, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is well known as a devoted member of that order. WILLIAM P. BUCK. William P. Buck, one of the most important business factors, and a successful undertaker, at Williamstown, New Jersey, is a native of the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, born December 21. 1849. His family his- tory is closely interwoven with many of the early-day, important events of this country. Our subject's father, John Buck, was a native of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, which subdivision of the Keystone state was named in honor of his family. William Buck, the grandfather, was born in the same location and it was his father, our subject's great-grandfather, who came from Bucks county, England, to America with William Penn, the celebrated Quaker, colonist and statesman. John Buck was a manufacturer of shoes in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, and was a birthright member of the Friends' Society. He was hastened from the scenes of life by that dread disease, smallpox, in 185 1. Mary Ann. the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Bleyler, of England, became his wife, by whom she became the mother of two children, — -Louis and William P.,— and died in 1863. The subject of this notice had a fair common-school education and at an early date in his career began to cultivate the soil. He first came to Will- iamstown in 1866 and his farm life extended to 1870. In that year he went to Trenton, New Jersey, to learn the printer's trade, but abandoned -ipUjci^:^.^^ y^ y^i^^^c/^ COXGRESSIOiXAL DISTRICT OF XEJV JERSEY. 359 it after some months on account of his eyes. For nine succeeding years he was employed at the State Lunatic Asylum. He then took an examina- tion as a nurse at the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Philadelphia and was registered as such. He was at the head of the Southern Illinois Asylum at Anna, Illinois, in 1874. In 1875 he was for some months at the State Hospital at Morris Plains, and then was again employed at the State Hospital at Trenton for five years. In 1884 he began the undertaking and furniture business at Williamstown. His patronage extends to a great dis- tance, and he is highly successful in his operations financially and otherwise. He was united in marriage to Miss Jvlary W. Eldridge, a daughter of Joshua and Amy Eldridge, of Williamstown. She died in 1880. For his second wife he married Alice McCambridge, the daughter of Richard and Mary McCambridge, of Philadelphia. This marriage took place August 4, 1881. Tlieir five children are William A., deceased; Joseph L., deceased, R. Edwin, Anna M. and Livinia H. In political belief Mr. Buck is an ardent Republican. He has been long on the school board, served for five years as justice of the peace and in 1899 was elected to represent Gloucester county in the state assembly. In every sense he of whom we write is a strong, manly man, of Avhom the county and state could justly be proud in any place of honor and trust. Mr. Buck is a Royal Arch Mason and is the past master of Williamstown Lodge, No. 166, F. & A. M. He is also a member of the Jvinior Order of American Mechanics, a past councilor of Silver Star Council, No. 26, of Williamstown, and is also a past sachem of Choctaw Tribe, No. 112, Independent Order of Red Men, of Williamstown. Socially he is an affable gentleman and a self- made man whose success has been attained bv hard, honest work. ANTHONY STEELMAN. This gentleman has now attained the age of seventy-six years, yet is actively connected with the business interests of Tuckahoe, and his enterprise and energy should put to shame many a younger man, who, grown tired of the burden and strife of business life, has relegated to others the cares and responsibilities which they should bear. I\Ir. Steelman has always been noted for his industry' and ability in business affairs, and to this may be attributed his success in life. A native of Atlantic county. New Jerse}-, he was born in Weymouth township December 23, 1823, his parents being Jonas and Rachel (Cham- pion) Steelman. The family is of Swedish lineage, and Charles Steelman, 360 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST the first of the name to seek a home in America, crossed the Atlantic and became a resident of Weymouth township, his home being on the bank of the Tuckahoe river. He was a farmer by occupation, and some of his de- scendants have since resided in the locaHty where he made his home. Jonas Steehiian, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was born in Weymouth township, Atlantic county, and in connection with agricultural pursuits dealt extensively in wood. At the time when this republic engaged in the second war with England, he entered the service and loyally defended the stars and stripes until peace was once more proclaimed. He met his death at the age of sixty years, while engaged in fishing in the Tuckahoe river. His wife passed away at the age of sixty-five years. Their children were: James, who was twice married, his second union being with Mary Scull; Nathaniel, who married Sarah Steelman, and had the following children: Sarah, Nathan, William, Azilla and Sallie; and Jonas, the father of our subject. After the death of his first wife the grandfather was twice married, his third wife being Elizabeth Jane, by whom he had four children: Mary, Jeremiah, Experience and Harry. Jonas Steelman, the father of him whose name begins this review, was born in Weymouth township and became a glass-blower by trade. He also engaged in farming and built a number of vessels, being very successful in his business operations. He resided in his native township for many years, and spent the last ten years of his life in Tuckahoe, where his death occurred. His marked energy and diligence were crowned with the very highest degree of prosperity, and he became one of the wealthiest men of his county. In the Methodist Episcopal church he held membership and contributed Hb- erally to its support. He gave twelve hundred dollars toward the erection of the house of worship in Tuckahoe, and held many ofificial positions in the church. In the early days when training companies were organized he was an active member of one of those societies. He married Rachael Cham- pion, and they became the parents of nine children: Anthony; Martha, wife of David Tomlin, a farmer of Cumberland, New Jersey, by whom she had four children. Smith, Rachael, Emma and Elizabeth; Sarah, wife of Franklin Horner, a pine dealer of Bridgeton, New Jersey, by whom she has a daugh- ter, Maud; Phoebe, wife of William Tomlin, a farmer, their children being Jonas, Emma and Edward; Samuel, a merchant, who married Eliza Jane Marshall, who was killed in 1899, leaving four children, Clara Ogden, Jonas, Joseph and Phoebe; and Roxanna, who became the wife of Ward Still, a farmer and merchant of Tuckahoe, by whom she has two children, Harry and Ward. The mother of these children was called to her final rest April 3. ^^73- CONGRESSIO.WAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 361 I In the district schools Anthony Steehnan obtained his education, and then turned his attention to the wood business. He entered the forests in order to cut timber, but determined to devote his energies to other pursuits and gradually came to Tuckahoe, where he sought and obtained a clerkship. He had worked for his father for sixty-two and a half cents per day and thus he had accumulated eighty dollars. Selling a cow for twenty dollars, he invested his capital of one hundred dollars in the mercantile business, and for a half century was engaged in conducting a general store. His enter- prise, reasonable prices and earnest desire to please his customers brought to him a liberal patronage, and he conducted a large and constantly growing business, from which he derived a good income. In 1894, however, he sold his business to George L. Parsons, and since that time has been engaged in cedar-lumber and insurance business. He has also conducted a grocery and provision store, and in these three departments he has met with credit- able success. He cuts over two hundred thousand feet of cedar timber annually, and owns fourteen hundred acres of cedar timber, cord wood, oak and pine land, besides considerable farming land. He was one of the pro- moters and stockholders of the Seashore Railroad, served as its director for five years and then sold his interest to the Reading Railroad Company. On the 26th of February, 1849, Mr. Steelman was united in marriage to Emeline Van Gilder, a daughter of Thomas Van Gilder, who died September 14, 1878. Mr. Steelman was then called upon to settle up his father-in-law's estate, valued at fifty-two thousand dollars. He also settled the estate be- longing to his brother-in-law and of many other parties, probably having done more of this business than any other man in the county. His honesty and reliability are proverbial and every trust reposed in him is faithfully ful- filled. To Mr. and Mrs. Steelman have been born four children. Cordelia, the eldest, died at age of sixteen months. Harry married Jeannette Beebe, and their children were Ida Rae, Edna Bertha, John, Harry Moore and Elihu. Rachel was the wife of Dr. Randolph Marshall. A. Lincoln married Ann Moore. Mr. Steelman is a stalwart advocate of Republican principles, and has been an active worker in the interests of the party. He was the sheriff for three years, elected in the fall of 1868. He served as a freeholder for ten years, was township committeeman for several years, and has held various other township offices, discharging his duties with the prominence and fidelity that have won him high commendation. For several vears he was the president of. the Tuckahoe Building & Loan Association. For fiftv-five years he has been a member of the ^lethodist Episcopal church, and has held all the offices in that organization, having been a trustee and steward of the 362 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST church in Tuckahoe for half a century. He was a charter meml)er of Tucka- hoe Lodge, No. 67, I. O. O. F., wliich was organized in i84r), and is the only survivor of the thirty-three memliers wlio instituted the lodge. His Hfe has been one of activity, and at all times has been honorable and upriglit. His example is in many respects worthy of emulation, and all who know him entertain for him respect and honor. He seems to possess the vigor of a man of younger years, and it is the wish of his many friends that he may long be spared to take his part, as he has always done, in the promotion of commercial activity and in the advancement of all the various enterprises that have contributed to the welfare and advancement of Cape ^lay county. IRA ISZARD. Ira Iszard, who is engaged in farming near Glassboro, was born in the vicinity of Clayton, December 31, 1832. He obtained his education in the common schools and throughout his business career has carried on agricul- tural pursuits and worked at the glass-maker's trade. The production of glass is one ol the leading industries of this section of the state and to that business he devoted his energies for a short time. He is now the owner of a farm of one hundred acres and its well tilled fields indicate his careful super- vision. He has good buildings upon the place and the neatness and thrift which characterize everything indicate him to be a progressive and enter- prising agriculturist. In May, 1853, Mr. Iszard was united in marriage to Miss Sarah C. Shule, a daughter of Isaac Shule, of Penn's Grove. They became the parents of twelve children, of whom only five are living: Elmer, who aids in the opera- tion of the home farm; John H.. who is at home; Susan, the wife of Albert Johnson, formerly of Millville but now of Bradford, Pennsylvania; and Rose and Bertha, still at their parental home. Mary, the eldest daughter, became the wife of George A. Green and died September 2, 1899. Mr. Iszard has been very active in public affairs and has served as town- ship committeeman, having been in the ofifice altogether for twelve years. He was also a surveyor of highways, and his political support is given to the Republican party. He holds membership in the Methodist Episcopal church, with which he has long been ofificially connected and in which he has acted as a class-leader for some time. For twenty-five years he was a member of the Odd Fellows society, and during that period served as the treasurer of his lodge. The salient points in his character are diligence and fidelity, qualities which have won him success in business and gained him the confi- dence of his fellow men in public life. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 363 FRANK R. NICHOLS. The chief executive officer of Clayton is Hon. F. R. Nichols, who in his administration of the affairs of the citj' displays a most progressive and public-spirited interest in the general welfare. He exercises his official prero- gatives to advance all measures for the public good and withholds his support and co-operation from no movement which he believes will prove of general benefit. In a prompt and business-like manner he performs his public duties and has therefore won the commendation not only of his own party but also of many of the opposition. Mr. Nichols is a native of New Hampshire, his birth having occurred in Newton, that state, on the 31st of July, 1824. His father, Franklin Nichols, was born in Haverhill. Massachusetts, and in i860 removed to Oswego, New York, where he engaged in merchandising as the proprietor of a shoe store, and employed several shoemakers. After four years passed there he took up his abode in Cape May county. New Jersey, in 1864. and also con- ducted a store there for five years. He subsequently spent a short time at Millville, and in 1872 came to Clayton, where he has since made his home. He is a leading and influential member of the Baptist church, in which he is holding the office of deacon, and his aid is ever given to those interests which tend to uplift humanity. He mamed Nancy David, a daughter of Reuben David, of New Hampshire, and in 1896 he was called upon to mourn the death of his wife, with whom he had long and happily traveled life's jour- ney. They have had seven children, of whom the following survive: Harriet, the wife of Captain Ludnum, of Ocean City, Maryland; Charles, who is the county sheriff and resides in Cape May Court House; Frank R., of this review; and Alinnie, the wife of Captain Jesse Price, of Cape May Court House. Fred R. Nichols was a child of only six years when he left the old Granite state and removed with his parents to New York. He obtained his educa- tion in Oswego and in the schools of New Jersey, and after leaving the school-room learned the shoemaker's trade, working for his father in that capacitv for two vears. Since 1872 he has been a resident of Clayton, still following the same business. In March, 1892, he was elected to the mayoralty and is the present incum- bent in that office, his faithful service having caused his re-election. He is a Democrat in his political affiliations and gives his support to the men and measures of the party, keeping well informed on the issues of the day. Socially he is a valued member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and for a quarter of a century has belonged to the Knights of Pythias fraternity. 364 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST He was married in February, 1873, to Miss Belle Wolf, a daughter of Gaud- loup Wolf, and they now have two daughters, Lizzie and Josephine. Widely known in Clayton, the family hold an enviable position in social circles, and the hospitality of the best homes of the city is extended them. WILLIAM ROBBINS. Probably few of the agriculturists of Salem county can justly boast of a better kept farm than that owned by the subject of this article, who is in every sense of the word a wide-awake, enterprising man. He is well and favorably known to many persons throughout this state and in other parts of the country as a raiser of and dealer in fine thoroughbred horses, several excellent specimens of which may be found at all times upon his farm. The parents of William Robbins were, like himself, tillers of the soil. The father. Van Room Robbins, a native of Monmouth county, this state, removed to the vicinity of Swedesboro in 1837 and there engaged in farm-" ing. He departed this life in 1887, when in his eighty-fifth year. His wife, whose maiden name was Margaretta Blackwell, was born in Monmouth county, also, and at the time of her death Avas but fifty-four years of age. They were the parents of five sons, namely: Henry, Benjamin C, William, Frank and Harrison, of whom the last named is deceased. William Robbins was born on the old homestead near Swedesboro, Gloucester county, March 4, 1839. He was reared to the life of a farmer, becoming thoroughly familiar with every dejiartment of agriculture. Upon starting out for himself he rented a farm near the parental home and carried it on successfully for a period of five years. At the end of five years spent in this manner he removed to Salem county, where he leased the home- stead of James Sharp, and in 1874 he located upon his present place, com- prising one hundred and three acres, which he purchased of Charles Clark. He has brought the property under a high state of cultivation, reconstruct- ing all the buildings which stood upon the farm and making here a model country home. During the '60s this place was commonly known as the "great hog farm of Jersey," oAving to the fact that the largest hogs ever raised in the state were then developed here. Mr. Robbins has been en- gaged in dairy farming to some extent, shipping his products to Phila- delphia, where he finds a ready market. But perhaps he is most widely known in connection with the fine horses which he has raised. Every one has heard of the famous Goldsmith Volunteer and Yorktown Belle, with records of 2:204, for which animals Mr. Robbins received seven thousand CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 365 dollars. He also owned Young Volunteer by Goldsmith Volunteer. Re- cently he sold another pair of fine horses of the same stock for one thousand dollars. At the time that the seven thousand dollars just mentioned was placed in his hands, he concluded to invest it in a valuable farm of one hundred and sixty-five acres, adjoining his own homestead, and this prop- erty is now managed by his eldest son. In 1866 William Robbins and Miss ]Mary F. Tolman, of Gloucester county, were united in marriage. They became the parents of six children, four sons and two daughters, namely: Van Room, William, Alberta, Blanche, Harry and Leon. Mrs. Robbins' parents were Joseph and Eliza- beth Tolman, of whom the former is deceased, while the latter is still living, now in her seventv-eigfhth vear. JAMES BUTCHER. Hon. James Butcher, exrsenator, of Salem, is the proprietor of a profit- able butchering business and has clearly demonstrated the fact that in order to be a successful business man it is not necessary to be a man of one idea, as he has succesfully prosecuted several lines of business and has shown himself the master of each. In connection with his other business he fills the ofBce of county collector for Salem county, and is widely known and esteemed for his many noble attributes. He w'as born March 30, 1849, in Lower Alloway Creek township, this county, and is a son of Robert and Mary (Patrick) Butcher. His grandfather, also James Butcher, was born in the same locality No- vember 7, 1783, and was an agriculturist of that district. He was a man of wisdom and was at one time judge of the court of this county, and for several years was a justice of the peace, being familiarly known as "Judge" Butcher. His ot^cial business requiring his presence in Salem he moved there and made that his home for the remainder of his life. He was one of the leading Democrats of the county. He was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with ]\Iiss Hannah Sayre, who was bom July 21, 1781. Their children were as follows: Elizabeth, born July 16, 1807, is now the widow of John Lambert, who was born IMarch 25, 1826, and was a merchant at Hancock's Bridge, a member of the legislature and later a farmer in the vicinity of Ouinton. where he died. Job E., born November 18, 1809, died September 12, 1813. Ann, born January 9, 1812. died the following Septem- ber. Hannah, born ]\Iay 7, 1813, was married in 1832 to John Lindsey, a farmer of Penn's Neck township. James B., born December 10, 1816, mar- 366 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ried February 25, 1841, Barbara Carll, and was a farmer of Lower Allo- way and died May 14, 1845, as a result of a kick received from a horse. Robert, tlie father of our subject, was bom December 20, 1819. Lydia Ann, born March 20, 1823. married WiUiam E. Scudder. a merchant residing at Hancock's Bridge. James Butcher, born December 26, 1843, ^^'^^ left a widower, his wife dying at the age of sixty-five years, five months, and five days. Five years later, on April 26, 1848, he led to the altar Miss Mary B. Shimp. One child, Mary, was born to them April 13, 1849, ^"d is now de- ceased. Mr. Butcher is well remembered by many of our older citizens as a man of strict integrity and genial disposition. After he had left the district schools Robert Butcher settled on a farm comprising one hundred and sixty acres in Lower Alloway Creek town- ship, which he kept in a high state of cultivation. He was a Democrat and held a number of township ofSces, being respected by ever\- one. He was married to ^lary Patrick and reared several children, namely: Elizabeth P., bom September 20, 1842, and wife of Robert Griscom, merchant and coro- ner at Hancock's Bridge; Arabella, who was born May 14, 1844, and died the January following; Phoebe AL, born May 20, 1847, and died September 26, 1853; James, our subject; Hannah, bom May 13, 185 1, deceased, mar^ ried J. Haney Robinson, a merchant; Theodore, born Januarj' 13, 1854, died December 13, 1862; and A. Linda, born August 25, 1857, married William R. Kelly, a merchant of Salem, who died January 9. 1879: she died November 15, 1887. The father of the above children died July 28, 1881, while the mother passed away May 25, 1864. Hon. James Butcher attended school until he reached his twentieth year, first a pupil in the district schools and later in the Friends' school at this city and at Shiloli, Cumberland county. Leaving school he spent two years farming with his father, wdien he married and took entire charge of the farm for a few years. Not being satisfied to make this the occupation of his life, he moved to Hancock's Bridge and for eight years was most suc- cessfully engaged in the mercantile business. About this time he w^as elected sheriff of Salem county and disposed of his stock of goods to take charge of that ofiice. Soon after this he engaged in the manufacture of glass, taking charge of the Elmer Glass Company's plant and making window glass. He operated this factory three years and during that time purchased the plant of the Molloge Glass Manufacturing Company and operated both plants until he was appointed revenue collector, when he sold out and retired from the business. Mr. Butcher chose as his bride Miss Lydia C, daughter of Peter Harris, a prominent farmer of Lower Alloway Creek township. Five children have CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 367 been born to him, viz.: Hannah A. (Mrs. F. Petrick); Benjamin E., who married Rachel Carll; Lydia C; Ann Elizabeth (Mrs. James W. Carll). Of the four children bom to our subject, Mary- A., the eldest, was bom July 7, 1873. and died April 15, 1889; J. Clifford was born in 1876 and is the effi- cient bookkeeper for the Ayers Medicine Company; Elizabeth G. attended school in this city and Bridgeton, graduating at the latter and has been one of the most successful instructors in the Canton public schools; while Robert, the youngest child, is yet a student. Mr. Butcher is one of the lead- ers of the Democratic party in Salem county, always attends the conven- tions and is perfectly at home in managing a campaign. He was elected to the office of sheriff in 1888 and served for three years, when he was elected to the senate and took his seat in the legislative halls of the state of New Jersey. From 1890 to 1893 he looked carefully after the interests of his constituents and received many commendations for the stand he took on all questions of importance to Salem county. In 1894 he was appointed revenue collector for the first district and held the office four years, and was then elected county collector. He is at present engaged in the butcher business and is making the success he did in the other enterprises in which he was engaged. GEORGE HITCHXER. George Hitchner was born July 22, 1835, at Eriesburg, Salem county, where he still resides, and is a son of John and Sarah (Johnson) Hitchner, a grandson of Major John Hitchner. and a great-grandson of Jacob Hitchner, who came to America from Germany and reared two or three daughters and four sons. One of these sons, Matthias, was a carpenter and was unmarried; one settled in Daretown and one in Eriesburg. Major John George Hitchner was born in Eriesburg and was a farmer of that vicinity. He opened and conducted the Hitchner tavern, now the residence of John Van Leer, and was a most popular host. He was indus- trious and frugal and was thought to be a man of considerable means. He was a Democrat and a major in a military company. He worshipped in the Lutheran church. He was twice married, his union with Miss Miller, the grandmother of our subject, resulting in the birth of Jacob, George, Martin, John and two daughters: Mary, wife of John Koats; and Margaret, who first married a Mr. Young and later Adam Wintzell. His second wife bore him five children: Mary Ann, wife of Jonathan Wood; Sarah Ann, wife of Daniel Johnson; Lydia Ann, wife of Jacob Walter; Samuel and Levi. John Hitchner was born in 1793 on the old farm in Friesl)urg, where 368 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST he grew to manhood and passed his entire hfe, the one hundred and twenty acres furnisliing him a pleasant liome and comfortable income. Like his father he was a Democrat in politics and was honored with a number of township offices besides acting as committeeman. He united with the Lutheran church and took an active part in the building up of the work of that organization and for many years was one of its most efificient officers. He was married to Miss Sarah Johnson, ])y whom he had twelve children, six sons and as many daughters, namely: Johnson, a farmer, now deceased, married Mary Colvin and had seven children, — Daniel, Gould, Ed, George, Samuel, who is in the Bridgeton National Bank, Neal, and Mary, who died and left three children. Lewis, a farmer who died in 1899, married Isabel Moore, by whom he had several children, — Jacob, Scott, Lewis, Lizzie Pea- cock, Sallie Miller and Ruth. Susanna, deceased, married Isaac Van Lear; Christina became the wife of William Remster, a miller, and had one daugh- ter, who married Scott Grice and is the mother of two children, — Clayton and one other. Matilda married Jeremiah Watson, a farmer and miller, and their children are George, Jeremiah, \\'ilfred, Sarah Dunham, and Mary, who married William Kenzell. ]\Iary Ann, deceased, married Benjamin Garrison, a farmer, now deceased, and they were the parents of five chil- dren, — Lewis, William, Caroline, Anna and Ella. Eli Fallen married Mrs. Theodosia Pierson, and their children are William, Frank, Philip. ]Mrs. Zaiser, Mrs. Hamilton, Ella, Erbin and Charles. Sarah is the wife of John Mickle, a farmer. John and George are the next members of the family. Margaret is the wife of Samuel Batton Jones, and they have three daugh- ters, — Catherine, Phoebe, and Ella; Charles, now deceased, was the young- est. He married Lizzie Timberman and had four children, — John, Jilaggie, Bert, and Geneva. The father of this family reached the age of eighty-three years before his earthly career was ended, and a noble, generous nature was called to its reward. George Hitchner grew to manhood in Friesburg and was educated in the public schools of that vicinity. He has an acquired as well as natural talent for agriculture and for forty years tended one hundred and thirty acres of land. He takes a great interest in everything that affects the inter- est of the farmer, and united with the Grange, as he believed it would be the means of bringing great good to the farmer. He is a general farmer and keeps a number of cows, selling the milk, from which he receives a neat income, while the animals at the same time are the means of enriching and building up his farm. He realized that his crops if marketed in the usual manner would bring but a medium price, while if fed to cows and their product disposed of he would be sure of a steady market and would realize CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 369 much more for his labor. It is such farmers who use their brains as well as their muscle to whom Salem county owes much of its prosperity. He was united in wedlock to Miss Mary, daughter of Henry Johnson, a farmer. They have the following named children: Amanda, wife of David Shrimp, a farmer, and the mother of three children, — George, Eddie, and an infant; Ellwood, a farmer, who married Lizzie Snellbecker, by whom he has one child, Esily; Benjamin, a resident of Philadelphia; Hattie, who married Dr. Frank Harris, of Canton, New Jersey; Lizzie Mary, wife of John May, a blacksmith, by whom she has one child, Carrie; Sallie, wife of Harris Carll, a farmer; George, a farmer, who married Addie Hitchner, by whom he has one child, Addie; and the others are Clayton, Anna, Laura, Stephen and William. Mr. Hitchner is a Democrat, but has never been a politician. He is a member of the Lutheran church, in which he has been an elder for more than thirty years and in which he has lieen an active worker, giving liberally toward its support. MICAJAH B. CASSADAY. Prominent among the leading farmers residing in the vicinity of Monroe- ville, Salem county, Ncav Jersey, is found the gentleman whose name intro- duces this review, Micajah B. Cassaday. He is a native of Salem county. New Jersey, born near the town of Elmer, .\ugust 5, 1837, a son of Job Cassa- day, who was a native of Gloucester county, this state, and a representative of one of the early families of New Jersey. Job Cassaday, when a young man moved from Gloucester to Salem county, where he passed the rest of his life and where he died in 1887. He was a prosperous farmer and an honor- able and upright man, respected by all who knew him. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary Stevenson, was a native of Burlington county. New Jersey. She also died in 1887. Of their six children three are now living: Rebecca, wife of Robert Brock, of Burlington county; Micajah B., the direct subject of this sketch; and John, who resides on a farm near Elmer. M. B. Cassaday spent his boyhood days not unlike other farmer boys, working on the farm in summer and attending the district school in winter. In 1857, at the age of twenty, he began farming operations on his own ac- count near Monroeville. and two years later, in 1859, he purchased the farm upon which he now resides, two hundred ahd thirty acres, where he has since carried on general farming. Besides this he owns two other farms. Mr. Cassaday, while he has never sought public office, has been called upon to fill such positions as overseer of the road and member of the town- 370 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ship committee, to which lie has given his careful attention, serving in the latter capacity three years. He was married in September, 1858, to Miss Mary Ayers, daughter of Samuel Ayers, of Salem county; and they have had six children, three of whom are deceased. Those living are: Rebecca, wife of Robert Cornell, of Glassboro, New Jersey; Albert, of Elmer, New Jersey; and Linda, wife of Rogers Gruff, of Campletown, New Jersey. LEWIS H. MILLER. The profession of medicine has drawn to its service some of the brightest and most efficient men of every generation, and it has more than kept pace with other professions in the vapid advancement which has given the nine- teenth century a place of honor in the history of the world. New Jersey has many promising young physicians, but none of more brilliant promise than Dr. Lewis Hitchner Miller, of Woodstown, some account of whose antecedents and whose career it will be attempted to give in the succeeding paragraphs. Dr. Lewis H. Miller was born at Friesburg, Salem county. New Jersey, July 13, 1868, a son of William A. and Sarah M. (Hitchner) Miller. Joseph Miller, his grandfather in the paternal line, was a native and lifelong resident of Stone Church, Northampton county, Pennsylvania, where he died, at the age of seventy-six years. He was a weaver and farmer, a successful and prominent citizen. William A. Miller, father of Dr. Lewis H. Miller, died March 23, 1899, aged sixty-two years. He began a noteworthy career as a teacher at the age of seventeen years and pursued it without interrup- tion for eight years, until August, 1862, when he enlisted for nine months as a member of Company C, Twenty-fourth Regiment of New Jersey Volun- teer Infantry. He took part in the battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, May 2 and 3, 1863, and in the first battle at Fredericksburg, Virginia, December 13, 1862, after which he was made orderly sergeant. At the expiration of his term of enlistment he was profifered the office of com- missioned officer and declined it to return to New Jersey and resume school- teaching, which, though he had won credit as a soldier, he preferred to further warfare. In 1865 he married Sarah M., a daughter of Lewis and Elizabeth Litchner, and bought a store at Centerville, Northampton county, Penn- sylvania. In 1866 he disposed of his mercantile interests in Pennsylvania and removed to Salem county. New Jersey. From the spring of 1868 to COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 371 1875 he was in charge of his father-in-law's farming- interests. In 1875 l^^ bought a farm near Friesburg, Salem county, where he lived during the remainder of his life. He was a diligent reader of instructive literature and was a lifelong student, taking an active interest in the political, educational and religious work of his community. Possessing social qualities which endeared him to all whom he met, he had many warm friends among lead- ing men throughout this part of the state. He was especially devoted to the interests of the Lutheran church. Lewis Hitchner, grandfather of Dr. Lewis H. Miller in the maternal line, died in Alarch, 1899, aged seventy-nine years. His widow survives him, aged seventy-eight. Five brothers and two sisters of William A. Miller are living: Lavinia, Kate, Jacob, John, James, Theodore and Albert. Three brothers and one sister of Elizabeth (Hitchner) Miller are living: Jacob, Scott, Lewis, and Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Peacock. Dr. Lewis H. Miller entered upon the active duties of life at the age of sixteen, as superintendent of his father's farm, the elder Miller's time being devoted to teaching. Under his father's instruction and in the public school he had already acquired a good primary education. In the winter he attended Benjamin Ames' private school and under that enthusiastic educator made good progress. Later he spent two years as a teacher in the public schools of his native township and attended the West Jersey Academy for one year. In September, 1891, he entered the University of Pennsylvania for a four-years course in medicine, and was graduated in 1895. After one year of preliminary experience he located at Woodstown, New Jersey, where his success has brought him an extensive practice. On February 16, 1898, Dr. Miller married Martha C. Cooper, a daughter of Joseph W. and Elizabeth (Kirby) Cooper, natives of Salem county, this state. Mr. Cooper has been active and influential in every public relation. He represented his county two terms as assemblyman, and was one of the founders and directors of the Delaware River Railroad. As a fruit-grower and truck farmer he achieved a notable success, retiring from this business in 1890. Mrs. Cooper died in 1884. Mrs. Miller is one of seven children, five of whom are living, — Howard G., William R.. Maria (Cooper) Fogg, Elizabeth (Cooper) Borton, and Martha (Cooper) Miller. Mrs. Miller is a member of the Society of Friends, while Dr. Miller is a member of the Lutheran church, zealous in all its good works and active and generous in the furtherance of all its important interests. Dr. Miller is a citizen of much public spirit and has in many ways shown that he has a deep interest in the progress and prosperity of Woodstown. Though not a politician in the ordinary acceptance of the term, he takes an earnest interest in every 372 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST question affecting the public welfare and. as a patriotic citizen, takes such a part in the work of his party as he deems most promising for the good of the people of his town, county, state and country. ED\V.\RD BR.VDWAY Any one who has heard of Salem county, New Jersey, is familiar w-ith the name of Bradway and knows that members of the family here referred to were among the earliest settlers in this part of the state and assisted in trans- forming the wilderness of early uncivilized times into fields of fertility and verdure. The gentleman whose name appears at the head of this sketch was born in Morris River township, Cumberland county, June -19, 1819. and is a son of Adna and Lydia (Baner) Bradway. He traces his genealogy back through five generations in direct line from Adna. Edward, Jonathan, William, to Edward Bradway, who came with his wife and three children, Mary, Wil- liam and Susannah, together with three servants, to this country, in 1677. They emliarked from London in March of that year on the ship Kent and landed at Salem in July, after a voyage of four months. He had previously purchased a town lot and one thousand acres of land of the proprietor before John Fenwick came here with his colony. He purchased sixteen acres lying adjacent to Broadway and extending from the wharf to Fenwick creek. In 1691 he erected the large, handsome building which is still standing and has become famous as the Governor's house from the fact that it was the residence of the governor of New Jersey after the death of Edward Bradway. It is a large brick structure, rivaling in size and architecture the homes built by William Penn and Samuel Carpenter in Philadelphia, and is still in possession of his lineal descendants. He received as his allotment from John Fenwick a large tract of land on the south side of Alloway creek and on this land founded the Bradway family in America. His children were: Mary, who married William Cooper, in the year 1687. He was the first blacksmith in Salem. They had three children: Mary, born in 1688; Sarah, born in 1690; and Hannah, born in 1692. \Mlliani. the second child of Edward Bradway, married Elizabeth White, a daughter of Christopher White, who was born in London in 1669; they had three children: William, who died young; Jonathan, born in 1699, and Elizabeth, born in T701; Susannah was the third child; and Hannah, the youngest, was born after the family reached this country. Jonathan Bradway was born in i''>99 and was twice married, his first wife C0XGRESSI0.X.4L DISTRICT OF NEIV JERSEY. 373 being Mary Daniels, a daughter of James Daniels, Sr. They had three children,— William, born in 1728. Rachel and Jonathan. For his second wife he chose Susannah Oakford, daughter of Charles Oakford, Jr., and by her also had three children,— Edward, born in 1741, Sarah and Nathan. Edward Bradway was born April 31, 1741, in Lower Alloway Creek township, Salem county, where he grew up to become one of the best farm- ers in that section. He was a member of the Society of Friends, attending the Alloway Creek meeting and was known as a God-fearing, upright man. His wife, Elizabeth, was a daughter of Jonathan and Mary Ann Waddington and was born February 11. 1740. Their children were David, born Novem- ber 27, 1761, and died December 28. 1820: Hannah, born March i, 1764, and died December 16. 1795: Edward, born December 22. 1867, and died September 24, 1777; Waddington, born January 15, 1770, and died Decem- ber 20. 1834; Elizabeth, born January 22, 1774, and died December 3, 1808; and Adna, bom February 16, 1777, and died April 24, i860. Edward Brad- way died October 25, 1813, at the age of seventy-three years: and his wife died January 20. 1796, at the age of fifty-six years. Adna Bradway was a native of Lower Alloway Creek township and com- bined the vocations of farming and pump-manufacture. He subsequently moved to Morris River township, Cumberland county, and there engaged in farming and milling. He was a Republican and made one of the best overseers of roads ever known in the county. He belonged to the Society of Friends and lived in Stow Creek township at the time of his death. He was united in matrimony, in 1801, to Miss Sarah Baker, by whom he had one son. John, who was born August 13, 1802, and died October 5 of the same year. He also lost his wife and then placed at the head of his household Miss Lydia Baner, to whom he was joined November 10. 1808. She was the daughter of Elisha Baner, who was born October 3, 1748, and died July 9, 1782. He lived at Cape May, this state, and was a farmer and fisher all his life long. He was a Quaker in his religion and a good man. His children were Jacob, born March 2, 1775, and died July 11, 1859, at the age of eighty- five years; Mark, born December 26, 1776, and died December 6, 1857; Elisha, born December 2, 1778, and died November 29, 1862; Hannah, born November 8, 1780, and died January 7, 1853; and Lydia, born November 10, 1782, and- died December 8, 1856. Lydia Bradway presented her husband with the following children, viz.: Sarah, born November 29, 1809. and died January 26, 1895, at the age of eighty-five years, one month and twenty-six days; Elisha B., born November i, 1811, died December 11, 1853: Adna, born August 3, 1814, died July 4. 1886: he was married to Mary M. Gray on February 22, 1844; Jacob, born November 30, 1816, died December 9, 1898; 374 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Ethvanl, nur snhjcct: Lydia. horn November 30, 1821. and died in 1859; Jonathan J., horn Ah'ux-h 14. 1824: and Elizalieth, l)orn Xovemher jo, 1827, and died January 24, 1895. EcKvard Bradvvay received his education in Port Elizaheth and Morris River and Stow Creek townships, and from the school-room went at once upon the farm. He owned a small farm which he cultivated for many years, prospering in his business and laying- up a competency for the shadowy days of life. In 1899 he retired from active business and moved to the city of Salem, where he is respected by every one. He is a Republican and a member of the Society of Friends, formerly attending at the Greenwich meetingdiouse, of the Hicksite division. CHARLES R. WHITESELL. Charles Reeves W'hitesell. of Salem, has won more than a local reputa- tion as a carpenter and buikler. being one of the most reliable and skillful members of the craft in the county. His parents were John and Eliza (Curry) W'hitcscU. His father was a native of Philadelphia, who moved to Salem county in the early part of his life and worked at his traile. which was that of contractor and builder. He was a good workman and received a generous patronage from the residents of the county. His political sym- pathies were with the Democrats, while in religion he affiliated with the Methodists, to which church he united in early life. He had seven chil- dren, three sons and four daughters, namely: Harriet, Josiah, Abigail, Marietta, Charles Reeves, John C, and a daughter that died in infancy. The father was called from his labors in 1879, in his fifty-ninth year. The mother was sixty-five at the time of her death. Charles R. Whitesell was born October 30, i860, in Pennsville, Salem county, attended the schools in Salem, was apprenticed for three years to learn the trade of carpentering, and the following fifteen years worked at the trade as a journeyman. At the expiration of this time he began to make contracts and build, and also took contracts in brick work, employing si.x men to prosecute the work, and has succeeded in establishing a business that is at once flattering to his workmanship and gratifying as a source of income. Mr. Whitesell was married December 24, 1883, to ^liss Rose A. Balles, a daughter of Jacob Balles, who resides in Salem and is an oil-cloth manufac- turer by trade. One child, a son, Norman J., was born of this union. Mr. Whitesell is a Democrat but takes little active part in political measures, as his business occupies his entire attention. He is a stockholder in the Frank- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 375 lin Building and Loan Association, is a prominent member of the order of the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which he is a member of the board of directors. He has a membership in the Memorial Baptist church, in which he holds the office of trustee, and is one of those trusty, sturdy men whose stability and enterprising spirit go far toward promoting the best interests of a community. JOHN L. DOWNS. A native of Downstown, New Jersey, born March 17, 1845. J. L. Downs, a well known merchant of Newfield, Gloucester county, is a son of Ira Downs and grandson of John Downs, both of whom were well-to-do farmers and lumbermen. The father of our subject, a native of Downstown also, departed this life when in his early prime, twenty-eight years of age. He was a member of the ^Methodist church and enjoyed the genuine respect of all with whom he was associated. His widow, whose name in girlhood was Margaret Lashley, and who is a daughter of John Lashley, is still living, now being in her seventy-ninth year. Of the four children born to Ira and Marga- ret Downs all but one survive: Elizabeth, the wife of Benjamin C. Downs; John Lashley and Stephen A. Mrs. Margaret Downs married secondly, James C. Jones, and resides in the old Lashley homestead, formerly her father's home. Of the two children of this marriage William J. Jones sur- vives and lives near the "lake." In his youth J. L. Downs received small advantages in the way of an education save those afforded by the public schools of his district, but the power of observation, which he possesses in a marked degree, has broadened and liberalized his mind, more, perhaps, than a collegiate course might have done. Having been reared to the various duties pertaining to the manage- ment of a farm, it is not strange that he followed in the footsteps of his forefathers and made agriculture his means of gaining a livelihood. How- ever, in 1887, when he had arrived at his prime, he removed to Newfield and opened a store, which he has carried on up to the present time, with suc- cess. He owns a house and lot here and is prospering, as he justly deserves to do. On the 3d of July, 1873, Mr. Downs married Sally E. Soiider, a daughter of Charles Souder, of Downstown. They became the parents of three chil- dren, of whom two are living: Howard, who lives at Newfield; and Mary, who resides at home. For twelve years our subject has been the treasurer of the local lodge of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, and 376 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST for a like period he was a steward in the Methodist Episcopal church. He also has served efficiently as a school trustee and as an overseer of the poor, and in each of these varied offices has discharged his duties in a manner reflecting- great credit upon his sagacity and fidelity to the best interests of the people. WILLIAM B. JONES. W. B. Jones belongs to the younger class of citizens whose enterprise and push have placed them on a basis equal to that of older and Avidely experienced men, and has brought the village of Elmer to be ranked among the prosperous commercial towns of the state. It is gratifying to a high degree, to the citizens there, that Mr. Jones has embarked in the mercantile business; and while hustling for his own prosperity he also promotes the interest of the entire community. He was born in Aldine, Alloway township, this county, June 5, 1873, and is a son of Samuel V. and a grandson of Joseph Jones, both natives of Elmer. The family came from Wales and settled in this village, where Joseph grew to manhood and engaged in the mercantile business, conduct- ing two stores in the village of Elmer, one at each end of the tawn. He was a freeholder and received the nomination for sheriff at one time. Samuel V. moved to Aldine in 1864 and opened a store, which he conducted for several years. He has been the postmaster since 1886 and has held all the town offices. William B. Jones completed a good common-school education, supple- menting it with a course at the Philadelphia Business College and taking the entire business course in six months. He then returned home and for eighteen months was with his father in the store. A place was offered him on the traveling force of B. S. Janney, Jr., & Company, of Philadelphia, large wholesale grocers, for whom he worked some time, and then resigned to accept a similar position for Thomas Roberts & Company, of that city, who also were in the wholesale grocery business. He traveled for them eight years and made many friends along his route whose orders always awaited his coming. On mature deliberation he decided to venture into the commercial field for himself, and on February 4, 1899, he opened a general store in Elmer, in which he carries a complete line of goods and is almost sure of meeting the wants of his patrons. He has been success- ful from the start in establishing his business on a firm basis, and has dis- played an energy and enterprise seldom found in one so young. His trade is rapidly increasing and brings patrons from all over the surrounding William S3. Jones. COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 2)77 country to the village, where his courteous and affable treatment compels their approbation and good will. Aside from his mercantile business, he has also a canning establishment at Daretown, where he cans apples, toma- toes and pears, packing above nine thousand cases in 1899. Mr. Jones was united in marriage February 7, 1896, to Miss Mattie Reeves, of Alloway, a daughter of William Reeves. They have one child, Samuel, who is the light of their home. Mr. Jones is a member of a num- ber of fraternal orders, belonging to the Masonic fraternity, the Odd Fellows and the Red Cross. He is rapidly forging his way to the front of successful business men and a brilliant career lies before him. JAMES B. NICHOLSON. James B. Nicholson, one of the leading farmers of Elsinboro township, Salem county, was born in New Castle, Indiana, July 18, 1856, and is a son of William T. and Elebeta S. (Baker) Nicholson. His father was a native of this county and removed to Indiana in 1853. During the civil war he enlisted in the Forty-first Indiana Volunteers, first in ninety-day service and later in three-year serv-ice, became sergeant and died in a hospital in 1863. He had eight children, two of whom are living, — James B.; and Capi- tola, who married Augustus Opel, of Massillon, Ohio. January 13, 1865, Mr. Nicholson returned to New Jersey and received his education in the public schools of Salem county and at the Collegiate Institute at Salem. He lived with his uncle, William Thompson, until 1881, and subsequently followed the butchering business in Salem for six years, after which he returned to the farm. This farm was occupied for forty-two years by the late William Thompson, who died in 1889. He built the pres- ent residence, set out the trees, which are now large and beautiful, and brought the farm to a high state of cultivation. A portion of the farm was bequeathed to Mr. Nicholson, who later became sole owner. In December, 1881, Mr. Nicholson was married to Miss Anna D., daughter of Peter Breece, who for many years was a merchant in Salem. They have three children. — Elsie Breece, Jennie Dumont and William Thompson. Mr. Nicholson has always been a Republican and has been township clerk, a member of the township committee four years, of which he is now chairman, and was a trustee of the county almshouse in 1898. He was also chosen a member of the board of education and president of the board, but could not act on account of holding other offices. Mr. Nicholson's grandfather, Daniel Nicholson, was one of three broth- 378 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ers, English Quakers, who settled in Salem county. The present genera- tion, however, are connected with the Methodist Episcopal church. HOWARD E. MOORE. Among the many enterprising young business men of Swedesboro who have taken up the work that their fathers have laid down, and are bending their energies to carving out a successful career for themselves, and at the same time promoting the growth of their town, may be mentioned the sub- ject of this sketch. He was born in Swedesboro, May 23, 1877, and is a son of George Franklin and Ella (Waters) Moore. His paternal grandparents were Ezekiel and Keziah (Justice) Moore. He is a great-grandson of John Moore, and a great-great-grandson of the pioneer of the family who came from Germany and settled in Gloucester county at an early day. The mater- nal grandfather pf our subject, who married Rachel Brick, is a native of Woodstown, New Jersey, but was a prominent farmer in Gloucester county for many years, and one of the leading merchants of Swedesboro, from 1856 to 1890. He has for several years filled the ofifice of justice of the peace. The maternal great-grandparents, Ephraim and Elizabeth (Campbell) Waters, were natives of Woodstown and Glassboro, New Jersey, respec- tively. Howard E. Moore attended the public schools of Swedesboro, and from early boyhood assisted his father in the livery business, to which he suc- ceeded in 1898. On August 17, 1898, he was united in marriage with Mamie B., daughter of John Johnson, of Repaupo, New Jersey. Mr. Moore is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and in politics advocates the views of the Republican party. He has one sister. Miss Elsie Moore. WILLIAM HEBENTHAL. Cape May can boast of no more worthy citizen than William Hebenthal, a grand type of the German-American, one who has fought under the ban- ner of his adopted country and has loyally upheld her institutions in days of peace. His record, both in public and in private life, is above reproach and is truly worthy of emulation. The father and paternal grandfather of our sul)ject were both named Christian, and both were farmers by occupation. The younger man was one of two children, he having a sister, Mrs. Wagner. For a wife he chose Dora Molhennick, and to them five children were born, namely: Peter, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 379 Martin. Harry, William and Elizabeth. The latter became the wife of a Mr. Littebrandt, a teacher and minister. He removed to the United States and when the war with Mexico broke out he volunteered his services to the land of his adoption and-proved himself not only a devoted soldier but an un- usually wise and brilliant ofificer. for he was raised from the ranks, where he was serving as a private, until at length he bore the insignia of a brigadier general. Tendering his resignation at the close of the war, he was return- ing home on one of the army transports, when death came to him in the guise of yellow fever. Christian Hebenthal, Jr., died when in the prime of life, but thirty-three years of age; but his widow survived him many years, her death taking place when she had reached three-score and ten years. The birth of William Hebenthal occurred June 24, 1824, in Sickemberg, Germany. His youth was passed in Osbach, Hesse-Cassel, and in 1846 he determined to seek his fortune in the United States. Coming to these hos- pitable shores on the good ship Philadelphia, he landed in the city of the same name, and thence went to Salem county, New Jersey, where, as pre- viously, he was employed at agricultural pursuits for some time. Then. going to the town of Malaga, this state, he drove a team for the Jackson Glass Works and followed various lines of business until 1849, when he came to Cape May. During the ensuing twelve years he drove a stage be- tween Philadelphia and this city, having six relays of horses, and conveying both passengers and mail. It was not until 1861 that he finally abandoned this enterprise, which the construction of the West Jersey Railroad rendered practically useless, and the next few years he devoted to farming in the vicinity of Seaville, also being employed upon the railroad mentioned. In 1885 Mr. Hebenthal estabHshed himself in the hvery business at Cape May, succeeding Samuel Van Scivor. He keeps fifteen excellent driving and saddle horses, and a good assortment of modern vehicles. A specialty is made of boarding horses, and during the course of a year many sales of good animals are made through his influence. Integrity and justice have brought him into favor with all who know him and the prosperity which he enjoys is richly deserved. When the Mexican war was in progress, Mr. Hebenthal enlisted in the ■Second Regiment of New Jersey Volunteers, under command of Captain Much, and at the battles of Buena Vista and Vera Cruz was under the leader- ship of General Taylor. Near the last named city he received a saber wound in the cheek during a desperate attempt which he and three of his comrades made to capture some mail. They were attacked by a band of twenty-tive ]\Iexican guerrillas, who were repulsed by the four brave men. not one of the latter being killed. 38o BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Politically our subject is a Democrat, and though he has never been desirous of holding public offices, he has been city marshal and keeper of the pound. Religiously he is a Baptist, as are all of the members of his fam- ily. It has been his privilege to make two trips to liis Fatherland, where he has numerous friends. In 1853 the marriage of Mr. Hebenthal and Caroline Meise, of Witten- berg. Germany, was celebrated. Their eldest child, Kliod.'i. married Evan Myers, who is in the dairy business at Cape May; Katie is the wife of R. S. Hand, a retired cigar dealer, and their two children are Alice and Carrie; Henry and Rachel are at home; and William is an expressman. He wedded Reba Vance, by whom he has three children. — William, James and Cathe- rine. The younger children of our subject — Louis. Anna. Frank, Harry and Herbert — are still living at their parental home. F. P. CANFIELD. Real estate and insurance business is a most important factor in the material prosperity of a community. A casual observer can form no con- ception of the important position held by the active, enterprising agent de- voted to the work of buying and selling real estate, establishing values and otherw'ise stimulating property-holders to the great improvements it lies within their power to make. F. P. Canfield is one of this class. The judi- cious principles which he upholds in his transactions, the competency with which he investigates points connected therewith, are securing for him a large and deserved patronage. Mr. Canfield was born in Springfield. Illinois. April 7, i860, his parents being Henry Dayton and Anna Garrison (Canfield) Canfield. The first of the name of whom we have record was Thomas Canfield. who came from England to America and settled in Milford. Massachusetts, in 1646. He had a son Thomas, who died at the age of thirty-five years. His son Israel Canfield removed to Newark, New Jersey, and was the father of Al)raham Canfield. who located at Morristown, New Jersey, and has twelve children. Robert Canfield. the grandfather of our subject, was born in Morristown, New Jersey, and was a merchant there. He served as a presidential elector in 1826, casting his vote for Andrew Jackson, and during the adininistration of "Old Hickory" he was appointed to the position of appraiser in the cus- tom-house at New Orleans. Subsequently he removed to Illinois, where he purchased large tracts of land. He married a Miss Walton, who was born in 1796 and died in 1852. Their children were Robert, who resides in CaH- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 381 fornia; Henry D. ; Isaac, a Presbyterian minister; and Charles. All lived to advanced age. passing away between the ages of seventy-three and seventy- nine years. Henry Dayton Canfield was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, June 28, 1822, and became an extensive farmer of Illinois. He served as a clerk in the quartermaster's department in the Mexican war, and on the organization of the Republican party became one of its supporters. In Springfield, Illi- nois, he met Abraham Lincoln and promised to vote for him, after which he always voted in support of the men and measures of his |)arty. In ]\Iay, 1886, he came to Ocean City, New Jersey, where he lived until his death, June 2, 1899. He was a member of the Presbyterian church and a man of highest respectability. In his family were ten children, but five died in infancy, the others being Ruth Helen; F. P.; Arthur C a florist of Illinois; Alice Williams; and Harry H.. who resides in Springfield, Illinois. F. P. Canfield. was educated in Edwards School, beneath the shadow of the capitol buildings of his native state. He put aside his text-books at the age of seventeen in order to devote his energies to a business career, and for some time conducted operations as a horticulturist and gardener. He also carried on the dairy business here. Since his arrival in Ocean City in 1886 he has been engaged in the real-estate business and not only handles property for others but also has some desirable realty holdings of his own. On the 23d of September, 1893, Mr. Canfield married Miss Elizabeth Brewer, a daughter of Rufus Brewer, of Germantown, Pennsylvania. She was bom in Hollister, Massachusetts, and is a representative of an old fam- ily whose ancestors came to America in the Mayflower. Her father was a graduate of Harvard College and for some years engaged in the banking business in Massachusetts, but for some years prior to his death was a well known merchant of Philadelphia. He served as an elder in the Presbyterian church in that place and was called to the home beyond in 1889. In his family were eight children, of whom six are living. John was a member of the Second Pennsylvania Regiment in the Spanish-American war and served at Santiago, Cul^a. Frank entered the \\'anamaker store in Philadelphia as cashier, and although he is yet a young man he now occupies the most re- sponsible position in that mammoth mercantile concern, being general su- perintendent. He is a young man of exceptional ability, of marked execu- tive force, of studious habits and of a religious nature. ^lary is a graduate of a college in this state and is now a practicing physician of Germantown, Pennsylvania. Paul died in 1889. Elizabeth is the honored wife of j\Ir. Canfield. Louisa and Alice complete the family. All of the children were provided with superior educational advantages and the family is one of 382 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST marked culture, refinement and intelligence. Mr. Canfield has been an im- portant factor in pul)lic affairs, having served as a member of the city coun- cil and commissioner of appeals of the board of education, while at the pres- ent time he is a member of the board of chosen freeholders. He is serving as a member of the board of trustees of the First Presbyterian church and his sincere and deep interest in the work of the church has made him a liberal contributor to its support and an active worker in its behalf. FURMAN H. LLOYD. Furman Humphries Lloyd, farmer and proprietor and operator of the Whitestone Mill, has been closely identified with the growth and business interests of Salem for many years and has improved every opportunity, often making that opportunity, for promoting the welfare of the municipal- ity. He is a son of Furman and Elizabeth (Shear) Lloyd, and was born April 12, 1850, in Lower Penn's Neck, Salem county. The grandfather, Furman Lloyd, was a farmer of Upper Penn's Neck, later moving to Lower Penn's Neck township, where he was a constable of the county. He was of English descent, from which race he took his sturdy, industrious traits that have been a characteristic of the family and won them prosperity. His children were John, Charles, Benjamin, Furman, and two that died young. The grandmother died at the age of seventy-two years. Furman Lloyd, the father of our subject, owned a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in Lower Penn's Neck, where he lived and prospered until overtaken by old age. He was a Republican and took an active part in politics, holding many local offices and, finding great favor in the eyes of the community. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Shear, whose father was a sea captain of Richmond, Pennsylvania, who was lost while on one of his voyages and never returned to land. Their children were John, a farmer on the homstead, who married Miss Elizabeth Elkinton, and has four children, — Nettie, Veria, Mary and Lida; Charles E., who is in the com- mission business in Philadelphia and has one child, Allen; Furman, our subject; Anna Mary, who married Albert Dalbon, a farmer of Alloway township, this county: their children are Lizzie. Kate and Alice; Harriet, who is unmarried; and Ella, who married Samuel Taylor, a farmer of Lower Penn's Neck, and their children are Eva, Hallie, Furman, Jennie, Lydia and Elizabeth. Mrs. Lloyd is now in her seventy-second year and in the enjoy- ment of all her faculties to a remarkable extent. The father reached the ^_^,^4^ fe^^^z CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 383 age of seventy-six years when he laid down the burden of life, August 31, 1897, and was deeply mourned by a wide circle of friends. Furman H. Lloyd attended district school when a boy and then assisted his father with his farm duties until 1882, when he was thirty-two years old, and then he came to this city. He engaged in baling and shipping straw and hay, his market being principally Baltimore and Philadelphia, and continued the work on such a profitable basis that in 1891 he bought the mill now operated by him. This was the Whitewater Mill, the oldest mill erected in south Jersey, the deed to which was made out March 30, 1795, and was the first deed recorded in Salem county. This building he has remodeled and repaired, putting in steam power and making it first- class in all respects. It has an output of eighty barrels per day, and does principally merchant work in flour manufacture, although Mr. Lloyd also handles large quantities of hay, straw, coal, etc. He has three hay presses in operation here, and the branch store he had at Atlantic City was de- stroyed by fire May 2, 1899. He furnished a good market for the produce of the farmers in the surrounding country. In addition to his extensive business in the city he owns a farm of one hundred and twenty acres in Lower Penn's Neck, which is under his immediate supervision, as he is a thorough agriculturist, and the income derived from this source is no inconsiderable sum. Mr. Lloyd was united in marriage, in February, 1883, to Miss Sarah Stout, a daughter of Joseph and Julia (Locuson) Stout, farmers of Lower Penn's Neck township. She died May 14, 1899. Six children have blessed the home, namely: Sherwood, Beulah, Florence, Furman, Elizabeth and Ir\'in, the two last mentioned being twins. Mr. Lloyd is a stanch Repub- lican and has been prominent in the councils of the local organizations and served as a delegate to various conventions. He has been a member of the county board of freeholders for two terms, or four years, from 1893 to 1896, and previous to that, from 1886 to 1890, was the representative of the West ward in the city council. JOHN R. GILL. John Rogers Gill, one of the leading farmers of Woolwich township, Gloucester county, New Jersey, was born in this township, October 3, 1830, and is a son of Benjamin Rambo and Mary R. (Bower) Gill, a grandson of John and Elizabeth (Rambo) Gill and a great-grandson of Matthew and Magdelene (Halton) Gill. His grandfather was first married to Zillah 384 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Batten, by whom he had four children : John, who married Jane Wooff and liad two sons, John, and Thomas, who died in childhood, and James, who died in early life, unmarried. The children of the second marriage, to Eliza- beth Rambo, were: Benjamin Rambo; Elizabeth, who died in early womanhood; and George, who had three children, Mary, deceased, and Edward and Emma, who reside in Philadelphia. Benjamin Rambo Gill was born near Swedesboro. New Jersey, in July, 1804; removed to Delaware in 1841, and died in Delaware City in 1881. His children were: Elijah, who died at the age of eleven years; John Rogers, whose name introduces this sketch; Asher Bower, of Philadelphia, who married Alargaret Fisher Thompson, now deceased, and by her had two chil- dren. — Margaret Fisher and Benjamin Rambo; Edmund W.. who at the age of ten years was thrown from a horse and killed; Elizabeth Ruth, the widow of William Carroll, of Camden, New Jersey, by whom she had these children: Benjamin, who died at the age of five years; Sarah, who is mar- ried and lives in Camden; ]\Iary. who died at the age of seventeen years; George Norman, who was born in 1839 and died in ]\Iiddletown, Delaware, May 31, 1898: he married Adelaide Lore, a niece of Judge Lore of Wil- mington, Delaware, and by her had one child, Adelaide, who married Horatio Nelson Crane, of Sparrows Point, Maryland. George Norman married for his second wife Sarah Drummond, a daughter of John Drum- mond, of Middletown, Delaware, by whom he had five children, — Florence, John Drummond. Efl^a. Mary and George Norman; Benjamin Snow, who married Virginia . of Virginia, lived in Townsend, Delaware, and had five children. — Mary. Walter, Augustus, Catherine and Henry; Anna Theodotia. who married James Bradley and lived in Chestertown, Maryland, and had no children; Lewis, deceased, who married Catherine Tolson, also now deceased, and had no children; and Elijah Bower, who lived in Townsend. Delaware, married Lydia Daniels, and had four chil- dren. — Mary, deceased, Susan, William, also deceased, and Louis. John Rogers Gill was educated in the common schools of \\'oolwich township and the public schools and academy of ^Middletown. Delaware, and from early boyhood assisted his father on the farm. At the age of tw-enty-one he engaged in farming for himself near Middletown, Delaware, where he continued for twelve years. He then went to Kent county. Mary- land, where he took charge of a farm of 640 acres belonging to a son of ex- Governor Cochran, and carried on operations there until 1884. That year he purchased of William String his present farm, to which he has since added, by purchase, thirteen acres, making a total of one hundred and thirty acres. Since he took possession of this place he has remodeled the house CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 385 and other buildings and beautified the lawn, until now he has one of the finest country homes in the southern part of the state. Mr. Gill was married, March 23, 1852, to Sarah Elizabeth Fisher Gilfrey, a daughter of John Gilfrey, who went to McDonough county, Illinois, where he lived until his death. She was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and at the time of her marriage lived with her uncle, who was the rector of St. Ann's church, Middletown, Delaware. She died May 23, 1872. Their children were: Henry Triglone, who died at the age of nine years; Mary EHzabeth, who became the wife of Alexander Kennedy, of Kennedyville, Kent county, Maryland, and has ten children, — Henry, Robert, Ada (deceased), Herbert, Mary, Marguerite, Lloyd, John Rogers, Clarence and Wilson; Clara, who died at the age of eighteen years; George Law, a merchant of Philadelphia, who married Rebecca Garrison, of Swedesboro; Margaret Fisher Harold, who married Elijah Dallett Bower and has three children living, — EHjah Dallett, Mary Devereaux and Emily Catherine; Charles, who was a deputy sheriff of Kent county, Maryland, and in 1899 Democratic candidate for sheriff, and who married Ada Hepborn, a daughter of ex-State Senator William T. Hepborn, of Kennedyville, Maryland, their children being Hep- born, Frank, Charles Lee and an infant. John R. Gill was married the sec- ond time October 31, 1877, when CNIiss Arabella Locke became his wife. She was a daughter of Colonel John Locke, of Swedesboro, and died Novem- ber 17, 1897. On the 29th of November, 1899, Mr. Gill was again married, the lady of his choice being Emma B. Hewes, of Swedesboro, a daughter of Thomas B. and Rebecca Hewes. Mr. Gill was a charter member of the Kennedyville Grange, the second grange organized in the state of Maryland, was its secretary for several years and afterward withdrew from the organization. In politics he is a stanch Democrat and has always taken a laudable interest in public aft'airs but has never been an aspirant for public ofiice. LEWIS S. STANGER. Lewis S. Stanger, one of the enterprising and honorable merchants of the city of Glassboro, New Jersey, was born in the place just named, Octo- ber 9, 1848, the son of Simon \\'. Stanger, a native of the same town. His father was Lewis S., born in Germany. He went to Allowavstown and rented a glass-factory, in which was made the first glass manufactured in this country. Simon \\'. Stanger was a glass-blower and worked for the Whitney Glass Company for a period of fourteen years, and then was with II— Y 386 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST the window-glass company of Warwick & Stanger. of Temperancetown, for another fourteen years. He died in 1879. He was a prominent man and held many of the local offices of his locality. He served as a class-leader of the Protestant Methodist church, in which religious body he also held other offices. He also took great interest in Sunday-school work, and was for many years a superintendent. He married Ann Pierce, a daughter of Wil- liam Pierce: she died in 1857. Of their children, only two are now living: Lewis S., our subject, and Charles E., of Michigan. Our subject attended the village schools and later Bryant & Stratton's Business College, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, after which for two years he was employed by the Warwick & Stanger Glass Company. He conducted a store at Millville for a year and was then engaged in the produce and com- mission business at Philadelphia for six years. We next find him tilling the soil in Gloucester county. New Jersey, at which he continued for four years. He then spent five years in Whitney & Company's glass-store, and in 1890 was promoted to the position of assistant manager in the yards of the Whit- ney glass-works, and spent two years at the glass-works near Bridgeton. In August, 1898, he returned to Glassboro and engaged in the grocery trade, his present business. Politically, Mr. Stanger is a Republican. He was elected a freeholder, serving four years, and is now on the first year of his second term. He belongs to the Knights of Pythias lodge, in which order he has passed all the official chairs. December 22, 1869, he married Miss Christiana S. New- bern, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Newbern. of Glassboro. One child has blessed their home, Walter F. Stanger. THE WELSH FAMILY. Throughout the greater part of the century the Welsh family has been connected with the history of Gloucester county, for in 181 2 John Welsh came from Crosswicks and purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land in what is now South Swedesboro, Gloucester county. His residence thereon was built by John Hatten some time prior to the Revolutionary- war. Mr. Hatten came to America from Canterbury, England, to collect taxes in west Jersey for an English official. His property w'as confiscated in 1778 and passed into possession of Dr. Strattan, who sold it to Dr. Francis Hoover, from whom it was purchased by John Welsh. The house still bears the mark of British ownership in the heavy lion-head knocker on the CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 387 front door. The farm portion of tlie property has been sold, liut the resi- dence, within a large lawn, is still occupied by Miss Lucy A. Welsh. John Welsh was a son of Peter and Anna (Barnes) Welsh, the former a Revolutionary soldier, while the latter had several uncles who were in the Revolutionary war, one of them being a captain, while another was among the prisoners that were sent to Nova Scotia with the British. John Welsh married Miss Mary Watson, a daughter of John Watson, a surveyor resid- ing near Trenton, and they became the parents of five children, namely: Watson, who died at the age of twenty-five years; Charles, who was a sailor going on whaling vessels and was last heard from just before the civil war; William, who was a bookkeeper for Morgan & Buck, of Phila- delphia, from 1830 until 1854, and thereafter resided with his younger sis- ter, Mary, and a half-sister, Lucy, in Swedesboro, until his death, which oc- curred in 1888. when he had attained the age of eighty-two years; George, who dietl in Austin, Texas, of yellow fever; and Mary, who died in child- hood. For his second wife Mr. Welsh wedded Miss Abigail Kates, by whom he had two children: Mary, who died in 1889; and Lucy Anna, who is the only surviving member of the family. John Welsh was one of the most successful farmers of his time in south- ern New Jersey, and accumulated a handsome fortune. In politics he was an active Whig, and when Governor Strattan went from Swedesboro to Trenton to take the office of chief executive he rode with Mr. Welsh in the latter's carriage. In the sense of office-seeking, however, Mr. Welsh was never a politician, but to the principles in which he believed he gave an earnest support. He died in 1853, at the age of seventy-five, and his wife passed away in 1859, at the age of fifty-one years. They were people of high respectability, prominent in social circles, and at all times held in great regard for their excellencies of character. The family have all been mem- bers and liberal supporters of Trinity Episcopal church, of Swedesboro. Miss Welsh still occupies the family homestead, which is one of the most pleasant residences in Gloucester county. She is a lady of refined tastes and charitable disposition, and besides having many close friends worthy of the name she enjoys the high esteem of all her acquaintances, and the circle is extensive. J. J. ELDRIDGE. J. J. Eldridge. recently a central committeeman for Monroe township, Gloucester county, resides on his farm near the town of Williamstown. and is ranked with the representative farmers and public-spirited citizens of hi° 388 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST township. He was born in the house in whicli lie now lives, Septeml^er lo, 1846, and has been engaged in agricultural pursuits all his life, living upon his present farm, a tract of forty-seven acres, and raising a variety of crops common to this locality. Politically Mr. Eldridge has always given his sup- port to the Republican party and taken an active interest in local affairs. He was first elected a member of the township committee in 1894, and for ten years, until January, 1900, he was the central committeeman for the township. Fraternally he is identified with the A. O. U. \\' ., of which lie is a past master. Mr. Eldridge was married in 1873, to Miss Kate B. Stewart, a daughter of Captain Charles H. Stewart, a native of Virginia and a ship captain sail- ing between Philadelphia and New York on the Ericson line. During the mining excitement in California he went to the Pacific coast and there made a fortune. Returning to the East, Captain Stewart purchased the ferry at Gloucester, which he owned for many }-ears. He also purchased a farm in Williamstown in i860, and ]i\ed here for a time, but afterward returned to Gloucester. Later, however, he came back to Williamstown where he died in 1887, in his seventy-second year. Mr. and Mrs. Eldridge are the parents of three children, all daughters, namely: Edna, the wife of Daviil Loughlin, of Williamstown; and Helen and Estelle, at home. FRANK LUERSSEX. Frank Luerssen, a druggist, is one of the representative men of Salem, and is a son of Francis George and Hannah (Leiper) Luerssen. He was born in the city of Philadelphia, where his parents are well known and highly esteemed citizens. The father came to this country from Bremen, Germany, and located in Philadelphia, where he has since resided and won the respect and good will of a large circle of acquaintances. He is especially popular among the German people, taking a prominent part in their various societies and founding the Turn Verein of that city. He opened a wholesale tobacco and cigar store soon after settling there, and has been so success- ful that he still continues in that line of business. He was united in mar- riage to Miss Hannah Leiper, whose father. Christian Leiper, came to this country in 1846, from Brunswick, Germany, and was one of the first to settle in Penn's Neck township. He had been a burgomeister in Germany, but turned to other means of earning a livelihood after coming to America. He was a zealous Presbyterian and a good man. Frank Luerssen attended the grammar schools of his native city, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 389 and then entered the drug store of C. E. Harnchen, one of the oldest in Philadelphia, and served an apprenticeship there until he was conversant ■with the drug- business, graduating at the Philadelphia College of Phar- macy in 1880. Later he went to Washington, D. C, where he spent nine years in the same business and gained much valuable experience, having charge of the largest store in the city. Coming to Salem he became the successor to Clement Kelly and has conducted the most popular drug store in the city since. He carries the largest and most complete line of drugs to be found in southern New Jersey and enjoys an extended patronage among the best class of people. He owns several valuable business blocks besides having an interest in the hotel. His block is a large three-story building, containing an oilice, parlors, reception rooms and twenty sleeping rooms, all furnished in elegant taste. The dining-room will accommodate seventy-five guests, and the menu comprises the best viands prepared in the most appe- tizing manner. The bar is supplied with the best brands of wines, liquors, cigars, etc., while a large yard for carriages and a large livery and boarding stable, with a capacity for thirty head of horses, is connected with the hotel and at the disposal of the guests. The Schaefer House is supplied with incandescent electric lights and all modern metropolitan conveniences which will add to the comfort of the guests; and the traveling public have not been slow to appreciate the fact, as is shcAvn by the large patronage accorded the house. Mr. Luerssen is a member of the Excelsior Lodge, No. 54, F. A. M.; Brearley Chapter, No. 6, R. A. M., and the Olivet Commandery, No. 10, Knight Templars; and he is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine of Philadelphia. Also he is connected with the Knights of Pythias and other societies. He is the vice-president of the Mutual Building & Loan Bank and a man of superior business qualifications. In politics he is independent. He was a member of the Old Guard of the Pennsylvania regiment and for fifteen years was the hospital steward of that regiment. R. S. MOORE. Glassboro boasts of numerous sterling, progressive lousiness men. and of these R. S. Moore stands in the front rank. The character of a town is necessarily determined largely by the attitude of its representative business men upon all local affairs, and if, like Rip Van Winkle, they retire to rest, while the busy world rushes on toward progress and advancement, the place in which their destinv is cast falls behind in the race. 390 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST As far back as the Moore family can be traced, it has been noted for wide-awake, aml)itious memljers, always ready to perform their share toward the public welfare. Five brothers of the name came to America from Scot- land during colonial days, and from them a numerous posterity has de- scended. One of the number, James D., the grandfather of our subject, was a man of prominence and genius. Acknowledged to be an expert as a civil engineer, he was employed by this government and drew the plans for the aqueduct at Washington, District of Columbia. For a long period he was in the patent office at the capital, and later he carried on a large iron business in Baltimore. In that city his son Thomas T. w-as born and reared to man- hood. He became a merchant there, and also in Philadelphia, and subse- quently removed to the vicinity of Winchester, Virginia, and carried on a farm. At the time of the breaking out of the Rebellion he was yet a resident of the old Dominion, but he soon joined the Union forces, and ser\ed as chief clerk in the commissary department of the federal army. At last he was so unfortunate as to fall into the hands of the rebels, and for thirteen months he suffered the tortures of Libby and Salisbury prisons. During the last years of his career he was engaged in the newspaper business in Cincin- nati, Ohio. He was summoned to his reward in 1878. In his religious be- lief he was a member of the Society of Friends, and his daily life was an exemplification of the noble principles of that sect. His wife, whose maiden name was Francis Cather, and who was a daughter of David Gather, a native of Dundee, Scotland, died June, 1899. Of her eight children six are living. R. S. Moore is the eldest of the children, and the others in order of birth are: Laura; James Prescott, of Chicago, Illinois; James A., of Raven Rock. Ohio; Mary, the wife of James D. Hart; Charles, a resident of the state of Washington; Annie, wife of John Askey, of Baltimore; and Edward, of Washington. R. S. Moore was born near Winchester, Virginia, February 17, 1849, and attended the local schools, there laying the foundations of his later edu- cation. For some time he was in the employ of the government as a draughtsman, and subsequently he clerked in a store in Hagerstown, Mary- land. In 1866 he came to this county and learned the tinsmith's trade at Newfield. Then he worked for some time in Philadelphia; but, returning to Newfield in 1874, he started in business on his own account, selling stoves and tinware. In 1878 he became a citizen of Glassboro, where he has con- ducted a store similar to the one he owned at Newfield. He has occupied several local offices and is a true friend of the Republican party. A Knight of Pythias, he has passed all of the chairs in the town lodge, and is highly esteemed in the brotherhood. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 391 In 1867 Mr. Moore wedded Miss Emma A. Mendum, a daughter of James D. Mendum, of Boston, Massachusetts. They are the parents of six children, namely: Carrie, the wife of Max Newman, of Vineland, New Jer- sey; Clarence P., of Jersey City; Bertha A.; Howard, Olive and Edna. The two sons are in the United States mail service. The two younger ones are yet at home, and, with their parents, are much respected members of the community. The Mendum family is of English ancestry and early located in New England, where its members have been numerous and prominent. The first American ancestor of this particular line now remembered was John Men- dum, a native of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He was a carpenter by vocation and one of the earliest Universalists in his religious views. He died when about sixty years old. All of his children — John, Mary, Luke, Em- eline, Caroline, James D., and George — attained mature years. James D. Mendum, above mentioned, was born September 14, 1826, learned black- smithing and for years was employed on the numerous ships constructed at the ship and navy yards of Newbury port and Boston. In 1849, after a resi- dence in Boston of seventeen years, he married Caroline A. Dodge, a daugh- ter of Joseph and Abigail Dodge. The Dodge family has been resident in New England from early Colonial days. Mr. and Mrs. Mendum were parents of two children, Emma A. (Mrs. R. S. Moore) and Charles, who re- sides in North Vineland, New Jersey. In May, 1866, Mr. Mendum removed from Boston to Newfield, New Jersey, and bought a farm, which he culti- vated until his failing health caused him to cease. He and his wife then made their home in Glassboro with Mr. and Mrs. Moore. Mr. Mendum died at Trenton, New Jersey, on November 30, 1895. Mrs. Mendum sur- vives him, and is in good health of mind and body. Both of them have been members of the Baptist church for many years. LUCIUS E. HIRES. Lucius E. Hires is a native of Salem county, his birth having occurred in Quinton, on the 29th of August, i860. His parents were the Hon. George and Elizabeth Keasby (Plummer) Hires. His preliminary education, ac- quired in the schools of Quinton and Salem, was supplemented by a course in Swathmore College, and on laying aside his text-books he took up the more difficult lessons of a practical business life, becoming a clerk in his father's store in Quinton. There he remained until 1884, gaining a good knowledge of business methods and procedure. On leaving the mercantile 392 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST estal)lishment he became associated with Robert S. Fogg, in the firm of Fogg & Hires, and embarked in the canning business. From the begin- ning success attended the new enterprise, and their trade has constantly in- creased in volume and importance until they are now at the head of one of the leading industries of New Jersey. The firm name was changed to the Fogg & Hires Company in 1895, which name is a familiar one in the world of trade and is a synonym for reliable dealing. They can a superior grade of tomatoes and the excellence of their product insures them a very liberal patronage. In fact their business has grown to such proportions that three factories are required to supply the demand, and the goods are sent through- out a wide area. The factory at Quinton furnishes employment to two hun- dred and fifty hands during the busy season, while a similar number is found in the factory at Fennsville; and the factory at Hancock's Bridge, purchased by them in 1897. gives work to two hundred employes, making an aggre- grate of seven hundred. The importance to the community of this business may easily be judged, for it not only furnishes a means of living to hundreds of famihes but also furnishes a market for many gardeners and adds to the commercial activity through its large shipping business. On the 15th of November, 1883, Mr. Hires was united in marriage to Miss Bessie R., a daughter of Robert McKinley, of Philadelphia. Their children are Clementine P., fourteen years of age, and Anna S. Their pleasant home in Salem is the center of a cultured society circle and they have hosts of warm friends. In his political views Mr. Hires is a Republican, and is active and influential in the ranks of the party. He served as deputy internal revenue collector of the first district of New Jersey from 1888 until 1890, but resigned during his third year. He is very popular as a citizen and in social and business circles, and enjoys the high regard of all with whom he is brought in contact. WILLIAM A. WOOD. Hon. William A. Wood, ex-judge of common pleas and one of the solid men of Salem county, is a prominent citizen of Whig Lane, Upper Pitts- grove township, Salem county. He was born on the farm adjoining that on which he now resides, on December 29, 1828, and is a son of Charles and Harriet (Richmond) Wood. Charles was born on the farm now occupied by our subject, or the one adjoining, and was himself a large land-owner, having in his possession thirteen hundred acres. His father was Jeremiah Wood, one of four brothers who came to this country from Sweden and settled in New Jersey, one in Woodstown, this CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 393 county, one at Mount Holly, one at Greenwich, Cumberland county, and one at Woodbury. In addition to carrying on his extensive farming opera- tions he also conducted a store, as did his father before him. This store and eight or nine hundred acres of land owned by them are still in the possession of the family. He was a strict Presbyterian and a trustee of the church. The advantages for an education had been very limited, but he developed a shrewd and keen perception that made him one of the best business men in this part of the state. He was united in the holy bonds of matrimony to Miss Harriet Richmond, by whom he had one child, who is the subject of this biography. The father of ^Irs. Wood was Nehemiah Richmond, who resided in this neighborhood. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war and was held a prisoner in New York harbor by the British. His first service in this war was voluntary, and after his time had expired a younger brother was drafted. Thinking him too young to serve, Nehemiah went as that brother's substitute. Charles Wood died in October, 1877. and his wife in March, 1899. Judge Wood attended the common schools when a lad and then entered Lafayette College, at Easton, Pennsylvania, at which he graduated in 1848, with the degree of B. A., and later received the degree of M. A. from the same institution. He then entered the office of Judge Washington McCart- ney, of Easton, Pennsylvania, with whom he studied law. This Judge was the professor of mathematics at Lafayette when Judge Woods was a stu- dent there, and was admitted to the bar of Northampton county, that state, during the January term, 185 1. After remaining there a few months he went on a trip through the western states, and upon his return home became associated in business with his father. In 1855 he engaged in the mercan- tile business in Easton, and seven years later returned to Whig Lane and conducted a store at this place for over a quarter of a centurj', selling in 1888 to his son. Judge Wood then returned to his farm of three hundred acres, a small portion of which he cultivates, the remainder being rented out to tenants. He was married to Miss Sabina Snider, of Easton, who died in 1867, leaving four children, three of whom are now living. They are Harry A. and Harriet, at home; and William, who is employed in New York in the rail- road business. The second wife of our subject was Miss Sarah Richmond, a daughter of Ewalt Richmond, of Woodstown, to whom he was united on February 29, 1872, and who died fourteen years later. Six children were the result of this marriage: Herbert, in Philadelphia; and Leon, Lillian, Bessie, Florence and Sarah, all at home. Judge Wood was appointed a judge of common pleas in 1882 and held 394 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST the office fourteen years. In 1872 he was the grand marshal of the state for thp Odd Fellows, and is a man whose influence has been widely felt as a power for good. He inspires confidence and respect by his dignified bear- ing and sound logic, while his genial good nature has won for him the love and esteem of all who have come under his influence. He has been a life- long Democrat and held a number of local offices, the first being as town- ship superintendent of schools in 1S51. He was then elected a freeholder and the countv collector, holding each office two vears. ROBERT FISHER. One of the best known real-estate dealers and progressive business men numbered among the representatives of the commercial interests of Ocean City is Robert Fisher, who has traveled extensively in Europe and the United States, is broad and cosmopolitan in his views and work, in his perceptions of the needs of the city which has reached that period in its development when every move exerts a telling influence on the future, and thus his energies l)Oth in public and private life have been directed toward the consummation of the success which can arise only from wise adminis- tration of official prerogatives and from a careful conduct of business afYairs. He was one of the first real-estate agents to locate in the city and is now one of the representative dealers here. He has been connected with the largest sales of lots that have ever taken place on the island; his business interests are therefore very closely interwoven with the histor\' of the city, while his knowledge of locations and values is of vast benefit to purchasers. The record of his life cannot fail to prove of interest to the readers of this volume. He was born February 24, 1848, in the county of Antrim, province of Ulster, Ireland, his parents being James and Isabella (Hume) Fisher. The family is of Scotch origin, but the grandfather of our subject, John Fisher, was a farmer of county Antrim and was a member of a yeomanry company of cavalry in the rebellion of 1798. During his military service he participated in a number of hard-fought engagements. He had two children: Charlotte, who became the wife of John Tolerton, a farmer of the Emerald isle; and James. The latter was born in 1791, became an agriculturist of county Antrim and held a membership in the Presbyterian church. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Isabella Hume, was a direct descendant of Earl William Hume, and they had eight children: Hume, who died in childhood, John, Anna, William, Isabella, ^lary, Robert and CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 395 Hume. The father of these children died in 1864, at the age of seventy-three years, and the mother passed away at the age of ninety years. Robert Fisher, whose name heads this record, was educated in the na- tional schools of Ireland and the Royal Irish Academy at Belfast, being graduated in the latter institution. He then accepted the position of wine agent for the firm of Dunville & Company, extensive merchants of Belfast, with whom he was associated for six years. He then came to the United States, in 1868, locating first in Brooklyn, New York, whence he removed to Ocean City, February 22, 1880. He was for four years the local secretary and agent of the Ocean City Association, in charge of their real-estate in- terests at this place. He then engaged in the real-estate business for him- self. As the agent for the association he sold many plats of land in the island. He has been in one way and another identified with almost all the important real-estate deals that have taken place since his arrival in Ocean City. He is a ver\' extensive real-estate operator, both buying and selling, and has just completed the largest sale made in Ocean City during the year 1899. He has extensive property holdings of his own, among which is the Bourse building, and he conducts the leading drug store in Ocean City, located in the Bourse Ijuilding. in which also his large and attractive ofifices are found. In July, 1868, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Fisher and ]\Iiss Lizzie Swindell Graham, a daughter of Gerald Graham, of county Fermanagh. Ire- land. Two children have been born to them, Anna Hume and \^ictor Stan- ley. In politics -Mr. Fisher is a stalwart Republican. He served as the mayor of Ocean City in 1894-5, his administration resulting greatly to the benefit of the town and the promotion of its leading interests. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Presbyterian church. He formerly be- longed to the Methodist Episcopal church at Ocean City and was the superintendent of the Sunday-school; he was also a steward, trustee and exhorter in the church. The First Presbyterian church at this place stands in evidence of his interest in the cause of Christianity, for it was built as the result of his efiforts. In July, 1897, he undertook the work, personally soliciting the money for the building fund, and as a member of the building committee he had entire charge of the building operations. Within three weeks of the time he started out with his subscription paper he had a church, and sen-ice was conducted on the third Sunday. In manner Air. Fisher is cordial and genial. The characteristics of his parentage are shown in the happy blending of the versatility of the wit and genius of the land of the shamrock and the shrewd economy of the fore- 396 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST sight of that of the thistle. With the advantage of talents amounting to genius, and with an inherent brilliancy and versatility of mind that rests only with the reward of high achievement, Mr. Fisher's continued success is established, while no more glowing tribute can be paid than that his emi- nence has been reached bv the exercise of his own abilities. WARREX ATKINSON. Among the enterprising citizens who have done much to promote the agricultural interests of New Jersey, Warren Atkinson is prominent. Prog- ress, consecutive and marked, has characterized the agricultural interests of the land, and in no country has such wonderful improvement been made either in the methods of farming or in the machinery with which the work is prosecuted. In this respect America has led the world and her example has been followed by all civilized nations, while her agricultural implements have not only revolutionized farming methods in our own country but also in the old world. Mr. Atkinson is one of the most progressive farmers of New Jersey, and his investigation and experiments in the use of fertilizers have been of great practical benefit throughout this section of the state. His property is located in a very rich and productive tract, and the Cherry Lawn farm is one of the finest and most desirable in southern New Jersey. Mr. Atkinson was born on his farm, which has been in possession of the family throughout an entire century. He represents one of the oldest and most substantial families of the state, its founder in America having been William Atkinson, who in 1683 left his home in England and crossed the Atlantic to the new world, taking up his abode in Burlington county. New Jersey. His son John was the father of Samuel Atkinson, the great-grand- father of our subject. The grandfather, John Atkinson, took up his resi- dence upon the Cherry Lawn farm in 179S and here made his home until his death, which occurred in 1837. His birth had occurred in Burlington county, in 1756, and therefore he had attained an advanced age when called to his final rest. Like his ancestors, he was a member of the Society of Friends. George T. Atkinson, the father of our subject, was born on the Cherry Lawn farm, in 1810, and became one of the most prominent and influential citizens in the community. Prior to the war he strongly, espoused the cause of anti-slavery, did all in his power to promote that work, and always entertained at his home the abolition speakers who visited this neighbor- hood to address the people upon that all-important theme. Anna Dickin- son came to Alullica Hill and made her first speech under his auspices. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 397 She was then only seventeen years of age and was employed in the mint in Philadelphia. After the war, when the cause for which he had labored so earnestly had been adopted through the laws of the land, he was active in promoting the work of the Freedmen's Bureau, and subsequently he gave a hearty support to the Prohibition movement and voted with the party which advocates the abolition of the liquor traffic. In his business dealings he was \'ery successful, and his energy, diligence and close appli- cation brought him a handsome financial feturn for his labors. His life was a long, useful and honorable one, and at the advanced age of eighty- five he was called to the home beyond. He had long been a faithful member of the Society of Friends and did much for the advancement of their cause. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Bond, was a daughter of Jesse Bond, of Salem county, and died in 1893. Of their six children, four are living: John, a resident of Kentucky; Lydia, the wife of Robert Cumley; George, who is also living in Kentucky; and Warren, of this review. The present proprietor of the Cherry Lawn Farm is both widely and favorably known in Gloucester county, where his entire life has been passed. He attended the local schools of the neighborhood, and when seventeen years of age crossed the continent to California, where he spent two years. He then returned to the old homestead, and became its owner at the time of his death. He here has one hundred and fifty-three acres, and also has a small place of thirty acres in Mullica Hill. He has transformed a rather unproductive tract into one of the finest farms of the entire locality, doing this by means of fertilizers. He has studied closely the needs of the soil and hO'W best to supply them, and as a result he gained a knowledge of fertilizers which has proved of great practical benefit. He hired manufac- turers to produce his fertilizers according to the formula he gave, and so successful was he in the cultivation of his land by these methods that his neighbors began to come to him for fertilizers and he has now quite an extensive sale in that line. It was supposed that the soil of southern New Jersey was almost utterly unfit for farming purposes, but he has demon- strated the fact that it can be made very rich and productive and will yield an excellent profit on the money invested. He raises large crops of aspara- gus, potatoes and hay, and in 1897 sold twenty-four thousand bunches of asparagus and forty-eight hundred bushels of new potatoes in addition to other large crops. He also raises sheep and hogs, and in all departments of his business is meeting with very gratifying success. His farm is one of the finest in southern New Jersey, and is improved with all modern acces- sories and conveniences. In addition to the pleasant and commodious 398 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST residence there are ui)on the place a large fertilizer house, ice-house and cold storage, asparagus-packing and crib house, wagon sheds, and horse, cow and sheep barns, with a geared power wind-wheel sixteen feet in diameter. Like his ancestors, Mr. Atkinson is a member of the Society of Friends, and one of the faithful representatives of the organization. His religious belief hnds exemplification in his daily life, being manifest in his honorable business methods and his reliahilit}- in all trade transactions. In this county, which is the ancestral home of the family, he fully sustains the high reputa- tion which the Atkinsons have always enjoyed, and in the history of south- ern New Jersev he well deserves mention among the honored citizens. EDWARD S. IRELAND. Edward S. Ireland is a railroad conductor residing at Alullica Hill. He was born in Williamstown. New Jersey, July 24, 1853. and is a representative of an old family of that locality, of English origin. His grandfather, William Ireland, took up his abode in Williamstown about the year 1820, and there the father of our subject, Edward S. Ireland, Sr., was born and reared. Mr. Ireland, whose name heads this sketch, spent the days of his childhood and youth in his native town and acquired his literary education in the common schools. He lived with his uncle Andrew during his boyhood and assisted him in the barber shop, but about 1873 entered the employ of the Williamstown & Delaware River Railroad Company, which has since sold its property to the Philadelphia & Reading Company. He was employed as a brakeman for two months, then became a fireman, and in 1876 was made an engineer. In 1883 he became a conductor on a freight train, but after a year was again promoted, this time to the position of passenger con- ductor. He has since served in that way and is a most careful and capable employe of the road. His courtesy to his patrons has made him very popu- lar with the traveling public, and he has the confidence and respect of the corporation which he serves. On the 6th of April, 1874, ^Ir. Ireland was united in marriage to Miss Annie E. Moore, a daughter of W'illiam C. Moore, of Philadelphia, and they have one child, Harry B., who is now employed in a wholesale notion house in Philadelphia. In his political views Mr. Ireland was a stanch Republican and has been an active factor in political circles of Monroe township. He attended the Alethodist Episcopal church and contributed to its support, and is a public-spirited. progressi\-e citizen who manifests a deep and active interest in the welfare of the community. ; CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 399 JOHN S. DOUGLASS. :M. D. John S. Douglass, who is successfully engaged in the general practice of medicine in Tuckahoe, was born at Dias Creek, Cape May county, New Jersey, December 29, 1867, his parents being Samuel E. and Mary A. (Kernan) Douglass. His paternal grandfather. Thomas Douglass, was born in Cape May county. New Jersey, at Dias Creek, and for many years engaged in agricultural pursuits in Dias Creek township. He held a num- ber of local ofifices. was township clerk and for many years served as a freeholder. At one time he was a candidate for sheriff, but met defeat. His political support was given to the RepubUcan party and he kept well informed on the issues of the day. He is a consistent and zealous member of the Baptist church, in which he served as deacon and took an active part in the work and upbuilding of the cause. He wedded Elizabeth, a daughter of Samuel Eldridge. and to them were born the following children: Francis, Howard Reeves, Freeman H. F.. and Mary, the wife of Burton Howell. The grandfather died at the ripe old age of eighty years. Samuel E. Douglass was born at Dias Creek and pursued his education in the district schools of the neighborhood. For a number of years he engaged in farming and for fourteen years was connected with the life- saving station No. 35, making his home in Cape May Court House. Sub- sequently he engaged in the oyster business. He is now living in Cape i\Iay Court House and is one of the prominent residents of the com- munity. His political support is given to the Republican party and he has held the ofifice of township committeeman for fourteen years. He belongs to the Baptist church and is active and earnest in advancing the welfare and growth of this denomination. He was twice married and by the first union he had two children, — ^John Smith, and Mary, who died in infancy. The mother died at the age of forty-three years. She. too, was a con- sistent member of the Baptist church and enjoyed the esteem of all who knew her. The father afterward married Miss Jane Walker and they are now occupying a comfortable home in Cape May Court House. John Smith Douglass, whose name introduces this review, acquired his preliminary education in Cape May Court House, being graduated from the high school there. Determining to make the practice of medicine his life work, he attended the College of Physicians & Surgeons in Baltimore and in 1896 was graduated in the ]\Iedical & Chirurgical College. He then located in Tuckahoe. where he has since built up a good general prac- tice. He is a member of the Cape May County ]Medical Society, the La Place Surgical Society and the Hamilton Obstetric Society. He keeps 400 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST well informed concerning the progress that is continually being made by the profession and his knowledge of the science of medicine is compre- hensive and accurate. He also conducts a drug store and both branches of his business receive a liberal patronage. The Doctor is a valued member of Tuckahoe Lodge. Xo. 67, I. O. O. F., and of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. In politics he is a Republican, deeply interested in the growth and success of the party. He was the coroner of Cape May county from 1886 until 1889. and proved an efificient ofificial. His ability in the line of his chosen profession has gained him prestige in the medical fraternity, while his sterling worth has made him one of the valued citizens of his native count}-. ISAAC MOFFETT. Isaac MofTett, who is now serving as the collector of internal revenue of the first district of New Jersey for the second time, is well worthy of the honor thus conferred upon him. He was born in Barnsboro, Mantua town- ship, Gloucester county, this state, October 10, 1841, and now maintains his residence in Glassboro. His great-grandfather, Patrick Mofifett, came from the north of Ireland and was the founder of the family in the new world. His son, Archibald Mofifett, established the old homestead near Barnsboro, where occurred the birth of Isaac Mofifett, Sr., the father of our subject. The latter was a blacksmith by trade and a man of high moral character, who took a prominent part in the work of the Methodist church in which he held his religious membership and died in 1853. He married Miss Mary Ann, daughter of Valentine and Sophia Focer, natives of Germany. Isaac Moffett, whose name begins this sketch, the 3'oungest of the seven children, spent his early life in working on the farm through the summer months, while in the winter season he pursued his studies in the public schools. At the age of sixteen he entered upon his business career by secur- ing a clerkship in a store. Subsequently he was a traveling salesman and later engaged in general merchandising in Glassboro, in connection with his brother. In the fall of 1870 he embarked in a wholesale provision business in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in connection with Eben Whitney, under the firm name of Whitney & Mofifett. He remained in the firm for three years and for nine years traveled throughout the west and south as the repre- sentative of leading firms of Philadelphia. In 1883 he took charge of the Whitney Glass Works' store and filled that position for ten years. He was elected a delegate to the Republican national convention in Chicago in 1888, % ^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 401 which nominated Benjamin Harrison for the presidency. The following year he was appointed by General Harrison to the position of internal revenue collector for the first district of New Jersey, comprising one-half of the state, and served not only during the four years of the Harrison administra- tion but also for three months during President Cleveland's term. On the expiration of that period he was succeeded by a Democrat. During that time he also conducted the Glass Works' store, but in the summer of 1893 that business changed hands and for two years he was not identified with any industrial or commercial concern, the only period during his active life. He then accepted the position of general purchasing agent of the Whitney Glass Works and served in that capacity until appointed by President Mc- Kinley to the position of internal revenue collector. His appointment to that office well indicates his capacity and his promptness in the discharge of the important duties devolving upon him. Mr. Moffett is connected with a number of social and benevolent organ- izations, including the Masonic lodge, the Knights of Pythias, the Junior Order of American Mechanics and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. In politics he has taken a \erv active interest, doing all in his power to pro- mote the growth and insure the success of the Republican party. He is well known in political, business and fraternal circles and commands the confidence and respect of all with whom he is associated. J. HEXRY SCHELLINGER. With two of the most important industries that have contributed to the development and progress of the state — merchandising and farming — • Mr. Schellinger has always been identified, and to-day he is regarded as one of the substantial and influential citizens of Green Creek, Cape May county. A son of Jeremiah and Elizabeth (Newton) Schellinger, he was born in Middle township. Cape May county, April 26, 1830. Ere a century had elapsed from the time the first permanent settlement was made in America, Cornelius Skellinks came to America and took up his abode in Cape Alay county, and in 1^192, with a colony of twenty or twenty-five families, he removed from Long Island or Staten island to this locality. In the party were J. Spicer. John Townsend, Christopher Leaming, George Taylor, Umphrey Stites, Arthur Cresse, Elijah Hughes and their families. Cornelius Skellinks and his family located at Cold Springs, and there he established a saw and grist mill, which stood as one of the landmarks of the country until a few years ago, when it was destroyed by fire. He owned II— z 402 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST a large tract of land, lying north of Cold Spring creek, updn which is located the old historic Cold Spring Presbyterian church. This is the third house of worship erected upon that site. His will, bearing date 1742, men- tioned three sons, William, Abraham and Cornelius, the last named being the direct ancestor of our subject. He had a family of seven children, namely: Cornelius, Jr., a bachelor who was a pilot on the Delaware river during the Revolutionary war, appointed by General Washington; Henry, Enos, Daniel, Mrs. Mary Stillwell, Hannah and Lydia. Henry Schellenger, the grandfather of our subject, was born at Cold Springs, near what is now Bennett Station. He, too. was a pilot and lost a pilot boat during the Revolutionary war, the vessel being taken as a prize by the British. At that time he was made a prisoner and carried to New York, where he was afterward exchanged. He always made his home at Cold Spring and was twice married. By the first union he had several children, but all died in early life. By his second wife, Mrs. Rebecca Schellinger, he had two children. — Jeremiah and Hannah. The latter was bom December 22, 1788, and died December 29, 1878; she became the wife of Captain James Hand, a sea captain, who resided at Green Creek. After his death she became the wife of Matthew Marcey, who was born June 9, 1802, and died October 10, 1874. Their marriage occurred March 21, 1831. Mr. Marcey was a prosperous merchant, lumber dealer and ship-builder at Green Creek and for thirty years was a lay judge of Cape May county. Throughout his residence in the locality he was recognized as one of the most distinguished, enterprising, successful and honorable citizens. He left no children, and at his death, Mr. Schellinger, of this review, inherited his estate. The grandmother of our subject died July 21, 1828, at the advanced age of eighty-four years. Jeremiah Schellinger, the father, was born at Cold Spring about 1780, and was a farmer by occupation. After his marriage and when still a young man, he removed to Green Creek, where he died at the age of fifty years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Newton, died on Christmas day, 1842, at the age of fifty-six years. J. Henry Schellinger, their only child. o])tained his education in the dis- trict school in Green Creek. His father died when he was fourteen years of age and he afterward lived with his aunt Hannah, working in the ship-yard and in the general store. Subsequently he engaged in farming on his own account at Green Creek and in 1874 he inherited his aunt's property of two hundred acres. He also owns another farm and woodland, but rents both farming properties, devoting his energies to mercantile pursuits. For four- teen years he has been engaged in the conduct of a dry-goods and notion CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 403 store at Green Creek and enjoys a very liberal patronage. He carries a large line of goods of all grades in order to meet the demand of his customers, and his business is constantly increasing. He also owns a store on the oppo- site corner from his place of business. In 1853 was celebrated the marriage of INIr. Schellinger and Miss Sarah A., a daughter of Abraham Selem. They had nine children: Henry, a shoemaker and merchant, who married Harriet Holmes, and died in 1898, leaving four children, — Matthew, Margaret, Sarah and William; Mary, the wife of Sebastian Norbury, by whom she had five children, — Henry, Emma, Virginia, Heath and Leslie; Elizabeth, the wife of Edward Norbury and the mother of five children, — Paul, Elida, George, Eva and Carl; James, who wedded Margaret, a daughter of Rev. Hamilton Norris, and had three children, — Walter, Frank, and Roy; Eva, the wife of Stilwell H. Townsend, a teacher at Cape May, by whom she has two children, — Anna and Ralph; Abraham, who wedded Etta Worly, and died at the age of thirty-five years, leaving six children, — Qara, Edith, Edgar, Reba, Etta and Monroe; Ralph, who wedded Jane Camp and had four children: Helen, Ethel, and Eliza- beth and Mary, twins; Jeremiah; and Joseph Ralph, who died in July, 1893, at the age of fifteen years. Mr. Schellinger gives his political support to the Democratic party and is a very prominent and active member of the Bethel Methodist Episcopal church at Green Creek. He contributes liberally to its support, does all in his power to promote its work and has served as a steward and trustee. He is a gentleman of broad intelligence, of sterling worth and unassailable reputation, and well deserves mention among the representative citizens of this section of the state. JOHX S. REDSTRAICE. An influential citizen of Salem is John Stout Redstrake, from one of the old and honored families of Salem county His paternal grandfather, John Redstrake, an Englishman, born June 11, 1770, married Sarah Van Horn, February 6, 1792, and soon after that event they sailed for America, the land of promise. They landed on what has since been known as Red- strake's island, at the mouth of Salem creek, and were the first settlers in Lower Penn's Neck township, Salem county. Subsequently he removed to a point about three miles from the village of Salem, and there erected a substantial brick house, since popularly called the "Half-way House." It is still standing, in a good state of preservation, and within its walls the 404 BIOGRAPHIVAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST original owner and Ijuilder lived and died, his property then passing into the hands of his eldest son, James J., whose birth had occurred February 20, 1808. He was a prosperous farmer for many years, and for some time prior to his death, January 27, 1898, he had lived retired in Salem. His first wife was Clarissa Gibbon, and his second union was with Elizabeth Brown. Abigail Dunlap, the eldest daughter, of John Redstrake, was born November 7, 1809, and died January 13, 1810. IMary Ann. born November 18, 1810, married William Hall, a farmer of western New York state and later of Salem county, where his demise occurred. Eliza, born April 9, 1813, became the wife of Thomas V. Gibbon, a farmer of Lower Penn's Neck. Ruth Hetty, born October 17, 18 15, married Ephraim Jefiferson, a farmer of Smyrna, Delaware, in which locality she died. Henrietta, born September 10, 1820, died on the 15th of the following December. Isabella, liorn April 13, 1822, married Isaac Murphy, a farmer of Fredericktown, Salem county. The father of our subject, Edward Dunlap Redstrake, was born February 15, 1815, and was actively engaged in numerous business ventures during his prime. For eight years he ran a packet line from Pennsville to Philadelphia, later was a member of the firm of Richard Hiles & Redstrake, carrying on a milling business at Salem for two years; then managed a farm which he bought in Lower Penn's Neck township, for a period of seven years, and finally was engaged in the grain business at Pennsville for some time. For about twenty years ])rior to his death, August 8, 1891. he lived retired in Salem. Here he held the office of commissioner of appeals for fifteen vears. and was recognized as an authoritv as an appraiser and in various capacities re(|uiring sound judgment and business experience. He was a Democrat, and religiously was an ardent Baptist, being a trustee of the First Baptist church of Salem for years. His widow, whose maiden name was Mary Stout, is still living, now in her eighty-third year. Their children are named as fol- lows: Elizabeth, who married Theophilus Fox, formerly of Camden, New Jersey, who' was accidentally killed on the Pennsylvania Railroad between Camden and Jersey City: John Stout; Mary Jane, born January' 6, 1838, married Joseph Abbott, and died at her home in Bridgeton, New Jersey, in 1887; Sarah D.. of Salem, the wife of Bartley Branning, formerly engaged in the butcher's business, but now retired; and Emma, the wife of George Snitcher, a farmer of Queen Anne's county, !Mar\land. The birth of John S. Redstrake took place in Pennsville, New Jersey, Jan- nary 4. 1840. He received a liberal education in the public schools and at the Friend's school in Wilmington, Delaware. For some time he was occupied in farminer with his father, after which he became connected with a coast CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 405 wrecking company, and after gaining a necessary experience as a subordin- ate was made a master of a vessel engaged in tlie service. He lield that posi- tion for three years and had numerous narrow escapes from deatli. three times being almost drowned in falHng overboard into the sea, and though urged to accept a captaincy he declined. After his marriage he turned his attention to farming, and owned a fine place of two hundred and four acres in Piles Grove township. At the end of twenty years of successful work as an agriculturist he removed to Salem in 1891, still retaining his farm in his possession. The multiplicity of his outside business interests led to this step, and he has been busily employed ever since in settling up several estates, including his father's, his uncle James", that of his wife's sister, and others. At present he is attending to the management of a number of farms, ten in Salem county and five in Maryland, one belonging to his wife's sister, and two in Lower Penn's Neck township, owned by John Wight. He is the executor of his father's estate and is acting as guardian for his mother, and has already settled five estates. He is a freeholder of Salem county, and was the first Democrat ever elected in the east ward of Salem. He was first elected to fill out the unexpired term of Benjamin Westcott, and the following year was regularly elected to the office. On the 1 8th of March. 1873, Mr. Redstrake married Miss Elizabeth C. Allen, and they have one daughter, Elizabeth G. The parents of Mrs. Red- strake were Michael and Elizabeth C. Allen, wdiose home was at Mullica Hill, Xew Jersey, and later in Missouri. The father died at Salem, while here on business connected with the sale of his property in this state. The children in his family were: Abigail, IMargaret, Sarah, James, Anna. Mary and Elizabeth. WALTER F. DL\MENT. W' alter Francis Diament, the well known miller of Alloway, Salem county, was born in that village September 8, 1877, a son of Robert B. S. and Mar- garet E. (Timberman) Diament. He received his education in the public schools of his native village and then engaged in the milling business with his father, learning all the different phases of the business until he became able to relieve his father of much of the management of the plant. His adaptability for this lousiness was so apparent that he has continued to follow it and is now one of the wide awake, energetic young business men of Allo- way. He is a Republican and takes a prominent part in local politics. He is 4o6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE PIRST also a nieml)cr of the Kiiiqhts of Pythias antl tlie Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a general favorite in social circles. Several generations of the Diaments have been millers, residents of Allo- way, and have left records for honesty and integrity that are well worthy of emulation. The paternal great-grandfather was born at Deerfield, this county, where he engaged in milling and died at the age of seventy-eight years at Alloway. He was a Methodist by profession, a Republican in poli- tics and a strong prohibitionist. He married Anna Eliza Sopp and had three children: B. I., who assisted his father in the mill and succeeded him in the business; Flora, the wife of Harry Ayers; and Adaline Fisher. Benjamin Isaac Diament, the grandfather, was also a native of this county and resided at Alloway and Deerfield, the former being his home at death. He taught school, served as justice of the peace and filled other public offices. He was a Republican and later a Whig. He was married four times and had in all six children, namely: Isaac, Francis, Robert, Lottie, Ruth and Caro- line. He died at the advanced age of eighty-two years, as did the grand- mother of our subject. Robert B. S. Diament, the father, was also a miller and operated the mill established by Reeves & Brother, and later erected the building occupied hy him at present, under the name of the Alloway Milling Company. GODFREY M. CROWELL, M. D. As a representative of one of the professions that has ever taken the highest rank among the callings to which men devote their energies, we present Dr. Godfrey M. Crowell, who has obtained a position of distinction in the medical fraternity. The large practice which he enjoys is an indication of his ability, for intelligent people do not give their patronage to one unfit to assume the responsible duties that fall to the physician. Dr. Crowell's birthplace is far from here, for he is a native of Melbourne, Australia, his parents being Edwin L. and Margaret (Mclnness) Crowell, the former a native of Maine and the latter of the Isle of Skye. In 1853 the former re- moved from West Waterville, Maine, to Australia, and there cut the first pole and dug the first post-hole for the telegraph line south of the equator. This pole is still called "Crowell's pole" and is now standing in ^Melbourne, being an object of regard. Mr. Crowell first began taking government con- tracts in Australia and for some years did an extended and prosperous busi- ness, but in 1868 he returned to the United States, locating in Hammonton. Here he secured a position as a traveling salesman and acted in that capacity till his death, which occurred April 2y. 1888. He was a very prominent CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 407 Mason, attaining the thirty-second degree, and while in Austraha he served as deputy grand master of Victoria Lodge. A man of pronounced abihty, he was successful in business and won the regard and confidence of his fellow men. His wife is still living and makes her home in Hammonton. The Doctor is the eldest in a family of seven children. He was born in March, 1858, and when ten years of age accompanied his father on his return to America. In the public schools of Hammonton he acquired his edu- cation and was graduated at the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, in the class of 1882. He then spent a year in the Philadelphia hospital, where he was graduated in 1883. Thinking to identify his interests with the west, he removed to Omaha, Nebraska, where he engaged in practice until 1889, when he returned to Hammonton and opened an of^ce here. He has displayed marked ability both in the practice of medicine and in surgery, and is a valuable member of the County Medical Society. In 1892 he estab- lished a drug store in Hammonton, which he is now successfully conducting. He is also the vice-president of the State Mutual Building & Loan Associa- tion. In 1885 the Doctor was united in marriage to Miss Lillian D. Elvins, a most estimable lady who holds membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. They now have three children, — Edwin, Annie and Marion, — and the family circle yet remains unbroken. The Doctor and his wife have a wide acquaintance in the community, where they are highly esteemed. He is a worthy member of the Masonic fraternity, giving his support to all meas- ures for the public good and lends his aid and co-operation to the move- ments tending toward the promotion of the educational, social and moral interests. WILLIAM T. JACKSON. William T. Jackson, the efficient and popular superintendent of the Phil- adelphia Sanitarium, of Woodbury, Gloucester county, was born in Smyrna, Delaware, October 13. 1851. He is a son of Jonathan R. and Hannah A. (Burris) Jackson, the former also a native of Delaware, in which state he is yet a resident. The wife and mother was summoned to her eternal rest at her home in Wilmington, Delaware, December 23, 1848. Of their children two died young, and the others were William T.; James L., who married Maggie Jester, of Smyrna, Delaware; Elida, the wife of William C. Roe, of Wilmington, Delaware; Robert, who married Mary E. Morgan; Walker W., whose wife was formerly Gertrude Burris; Clayton, who wedded Ida Nicker- 4o8 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST son, and resides at Camden. Xew Jersey; EInora, the wife of Isaac Burris, of ^\'iimington: Stephen, who married Florence Ogden; and Clara B. In his childhood William T. Jackson attended the public schools of Smyrna, and when he was a mere youth he chose seamanship as his chief occupation in life. He continued to follow this calling until he reached the prime of manhood, when, in 1883, he was honored by the appointment to his present position. For a number of years he was the master of steamers plying on the Delaware river between Smyrna and Philadelphia. Since the 1st of July, 1893. he has given his entire time and attention to meeting the requirements of his responsible office as superintendent of the Philadelphia Sanitarium, and has won an enviable reputation for the able manner in which he has conducted the affairs of this well known institution. Fraternally he is a member of Brandywine Lodge, Shield of Honor, of Wilmington, and in his political views he is liberal, reserving his opinion and action in public matters without regard to party lines. On the 31st of October, 1876, Mr. Jackson was united in marriage with iliss Kate Jacobs, a daughter of Julian and Kate Jacobs, a native of Balti- more, in which city her birth had occurred August 30, 1855. Four daugh- ters and a son blessed the union of our subject and wife, namely: Harry, born June 20. 1877; Irene. January 12, 1879; Bessie. October 2, 1881; Elsie, October 7, 1884; and Edith, March 2. 1888. The family attend the Methodist Episcopal church and number a host of sincere friends in this community. SAMUEL M. LIPPIXXOTT. There is strong reason for the prevalent belief that the founder of the numerous families of Lippincott in America was Richard Lippincott. a native of Plymouth. Devonshire. England. He emigrated to Dorchester, Xew Eng- land, some time between the years 1636 and 1640, and after spending four years on these bleak shores returned to his native village. There he joined the then religious sect, the Society of Friends, about 1650, and, in common with his brethren, suffered much persecution for his faith. As the old rec- ords show, he was committed to prison on the 20th of January. 1660, by Oliver Creely, mayor of Plymouth, being taken, with some of his friends, from the meeting-house in which thev- had assembled for worship. Freed at length, he commenced planning to depart to a countrj- where he and his might worship God according to the dictates of conscience, and in 1663 he and his family sailed for the shores of the Xew ^^'orld. Locating in Rhode Island, he remained there until 1669, when, with a little colony, he came to CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 409 New Jersey, and, making a settlement at Shrewsbury, he Ijecame tlie pro- prietor of large estates. The father of the subject of this sketch was Samuel Lippincott, a native of Gloucester county. He lived in Burlington county, this state, for a short period, but spent the greater part of his life in Salem county. In 1831 he purchased a farm in the vicinity of Woodstown. and in 1846 he removed to the village of Woodstown. Here he was summoned to his eternal rest, when he was eighty-two- years of age. He was loved and held in veneration by all who knew him, and in the Friends' meeting he was especially influential and revered. His first wife died in 1832, at the age of fifty-two years, and for his second wife he chose Abigail Laurie, who departed this life when she was seventy years of age. Four of the children of Samuel Lippincott and wife Abigail survive, namely: Samuel M., Ann F., Nathan Y. and George. The nativity of Samuel M. Lippincott occurred December 8, 1816. in Salem, near Sharptown. and from his early recollections he was engaged in agricultural pursuits until the year which witnessed the close of the civil war, when he was married, at the age of twenty-four, and he located upon a farm which he had purchased in Piles Grove township, and for several years conducted that homestead. Later he carried on the place which had been his father's, and in 1865 he became a resident of Woodstown, where he con- tinued to dwell for seven years. For a period he then made his abode in Point Airy Station, Salem county, on a farm, but in 1891 returned to Woodstown, where he is still residing. He has reason to be proud of his career, for he has held integrity and justice beyond the accumulation of riches, and has endeavored to put into- daily practice the Golden Rule. He is an honored member of the Friends' meeting, and reared his children in upright principles of conduct. A marriage ceremony which took place March 11, 1840, united the des- tinies of Samuel 'SI. Lippincott and Anna M. Cawley. She was a daughter of Jonathan and Anna Maria Cawle\', and sister of Sarah, widow of Hamilton Hillman, of Woodstown. Mr. Cawley died when he was in his seventy- sixth year, while his wife was summoned to the silent land when Mrs. Lip- pincott was but six years old. Five children blessed the union of our subject and wife, namely: Maria, who is Mrs. Morris Thorn, of Washington, Dis- trict of Columljia; Salh- P.: Nathan R., who married Mary Humphreys; William P., whose wife was Hannah Lippincott; and Harry Samuel Wells, who died when three years old. Airs. Lippincott, the fond wife and mother, was summoned to the better land on the loth of Septemljer, 1886, when she was in her sixty-ninth year. Her memory is tenderly cherished in the hearts of the manv who loved and admired her in life, and her husband is 4IO BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST quietly waiting for the moment when their spirits will lie reunited, as their hopes and aims were the same along the pathway which they lovingly pur- sued for fortv-six vears. JOSEPH M. RILEY. This life-long resident of Upper Pittsgrove township, Salem county, is a worthy representative of a family which has occupied an honored and dis- tinguished place in the annals of this section of the state. The Rileys for- merly lived in Long Island, but for about a century have been intimately asso- ciated with New Jersey, Mark Riley, the great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, having been the first of the name here. His son Dayton, the next in the direct line of descent, was a man of influence here, being a free- holder and a justice of the peace for many years. Samuel R. Riley, father of our subject, was born at Indian Fields. New Jersey, April 24, 1819, and when he was eighteen years of age went to the west, where he was employed upon a steamboat for a period, after which he located upon a farm in Ohio and managed it successfully. At length, return- ing to his native state, he bought a stage line, running from Philadelphia to Port Elizabeth, by way of Millville. Later he sold out and invested in other enterprises, being the proprietor of a store at Elmer for some time and run- ning a lumber business as well. Though death claimed him when he was in the prime of life he had already accomplished much, and left what was then considered a large estate. He had exchanged the store at Elmer for the homestead now owned by our subject, and this was his place of abode for a number of years. He was very kind and benevolent to the poor and, being a man of public spirit, he assisted in the building of the turnpikes and in other local enterprises. As a business man he accomplished a great deal. In his politics he was a Whig and a Republican. His useful life came to a peaceful close on the 23d of March, 1862. He wedded Anna Martin, a daughter of John Martin, of Greenville, New Jersey, the ceremony which united their destinies being performed October 2, 1846. Of their seven children three are living, namely: Joseph M. ; Millard P.. who is the owner of a store at Shirley; and Ella M., who resides at the old family home which has sheltered her from infancy. Joseph M. Riley was born on the same homstead, November 28, 1852, and in his boyhood attended the public schools of the neighborhood and subsequently was a student in the Bridgeton and Salem schools. Then he was engaged in business at Shirley for four years, after which he returned to the farm and since has devoted his entire attention to its cultivation and CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 411 improvement. There are one hundred and twenty-five acres in the place, which is justly rated as one of the most valuable farms in the township. In November. 1879, j\Ir. Riley married Miss Caroline Miller, and six children blessed their union. Two of the number have passed away; and Samuel, the only surviving son, is established in business at Daretown, this county. The daughters. — Lizzie, Phoebe and Verna — are at home. Mr. Riley takes a commendable interest in religious and educational mat- ters, giving liberally of his time and means to these important causes. He is a valued member of the Lutheran church at Friesburg. and for three years was a trustee for that body. He enjoys the respect and genuine regard of a wide circle of acquaintances and maintains an enviable reputation for integ- rity and uprightness of character. EDMUND A. BOURGEOIS. One of the leading contracting firms of Ocean City is that of which Ed- mund Augustus Bourgeois is a member. He was born December 13, 1857. in Mauricetown, New Jersey, his parents being George Albert and Alary Jane (Broadwater) Bourgeois. In the public schools of his native city he pur- sued his education and was graduated at the head of his class when eighteen years of age. He afterward served an apprenticeship in the carpenter's trade under his father, working in Mauricetown and vicinity, and since coming to Ocean City in 1887 he has been in partnership with his father under the firm name of George A. Bourgeois & Son. They built the Hotel ./Etna, the largest building at Ocean City, and much of the time employ a force of forty workmen. They take large contracts and their Inisiness is extensive and of an important character. Our subject has a thorough under- standing of building interests and his practical knowledge of the work en- ables him to so direct his employes as to secure from them good service. For several years he was a director of the Building & Loan Association, with which he is still connected. He is always just in his treatment of them and at all times is an honorable and reliable business man. On the 17th of May, 1887, occurred the marriage of Mr. Bourgeois and Miss Anna Frances Stites, daughter of Captain Edward Stites, one of the largest oyster shippers of Port Norris, living at Newport. ]\Ir. and Mrs. Bourgeois now have an interesting little son, named Edmund Roy, who is three years of age. In his political affiliations our subject is a Democrat. In 1893-4 served as the borough clerk. He is a member and the secretary of the volunteer fire department: and has served as a trustee of the pub- 41? BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST lie schools and the cause of education finds in him a warm friend. He be- longs to the Junior Order of American Mechanics, beino; one of the organiz- ers and a charter member of the lodge at Ocean City, and he also belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he has served as trustee. He is a worthy citizen and a man in whom sterling qualities have gained to him the respect and confidence of tliose with whom he has been brought in contact. JOSEPH DOUGHTY TROTH. "Life is meaningless unless it is universal and coherent." It is in a he\p- ful relation to our time, a sympathetic union with the surrounding current of thought, feeling and purpose, that we can realize the worth of our own identit}-. To consciously ally oneself with any of the mighty mo\-ements that are shaping the future is to invest life with new dignity and ]iower. The present is a time of combinations for varied aims, for man sees more and more clearly his weakness as an individual as compared with his strength in union with others. The name of Joseph Doughty Troth is known throughout the Union, and in Canada as well, in connection with the glass- workers' interests of the two countries. He has been most prominent in laboring for the welfare of those who represent this important industry, and his efforts have been most effective. He has a keen sense of justice and a sound mind, of rare discrimination and analysis, that enables him to arrive at correct conclusions, to realize the importance of certain situations and conditions, and to utilize these so as to bring about the best results for all concerned. His ability for leadership has gained him the national presidency of the Glass Blowers' Association, and thus has he been a potent element in one of the mighty movements formed for adjusting the differences between capital and labor and for securing the rights of the thousands who labor in the factories and who form the bone and sinew of the Union. It is the continuous industry of the large class of workmen that has led to the prosperity and advancement of this republic, and certainly their rights should be the first consideration. Throughout his entire life Mr. Troth has been interested in and con- nected with glass-manufacturing, and his close study of the problem has made him peculiarly fitted for the solution of the questions which now occupy so much of the public attention. He was born near Waterford. Cam- den county, \e\\ Jersey, February 27, 1857, and is of English lineage, his ancestry being connected with the Society of Friends. His parents were Thomas H. and Emily (Doughty) Troth, and his ancestry can be traced flA CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 413 back to William Troth, who was born in 1676, and was the founder of the family in New Jersey. lie located on I'Jancocos creek, where he purchased land, April ji;, 1717. makino^ his home in thai localiU' until his (lr;itli. wliirli occurred in 1740. llis children were: Taul, ulm died in iS_^S; |)t>li()iah; Mary, the wife (if Zachariali Pricket; Jane, the wife of W'illi.ain (ianiond; and Rebecca, the wife nf Atnos 1 l.aines. I'aul Troth, the eldest of the family, had five chililren, n;nnely: William, who was born |ime (), 1733, and was married in 1757 to bsther llortoii; ls;i;u-. I''.li/.,abetl), Mai'S' and J.ane, Tlu' children of William and I'lstlur ( I'.orlon) Troth were Taul. I'.slher, Is.a.ar and John. The I'Ides!. I'.hiiI Troth, was born Januar\' 3. 1759, and mariaed Mary Hillman, ;i d.an^liter of J;inies and Mary Hillman. llis second wife was Sybilhrliellinger, and for his third wife he wedded llann"ah Glover. The children of his first marriajjje were Esther, William, James, Jacob. Josejih ;ind Elizabeth. William Troth, a son of Paul and Mary (Hillman) Troth, was born July 9, 17S4, and married Sarah Gaskill, a dau5.fhter of Asa and Sarah (Monroe) Gaskill. Tlnii- children were Joesph G., Paul, Mary, Ezra, .S.arah, John B. and William. John l'>. was a prominent figure in the federal army in the war of the rebellion, lie operated a shoe factory in the state of Vir- ginia, manufacturing shoes for the northern army, and was fcjrced from home and business three times during the w.ar, ;mil after the war closed, upon invi- tation, came to Phil;idcl])hia and made a si)eech in b'r,aid2; Mary, who was born August 7, 1835, died March 9, 1854; Mary .\mi, who was born June 2y, 1839, died January 4, 1840; and William, l)orn December 23, 1840, and died July 16, 1868. He married Rebecca P. Thomas, and their only son, Edward S. Troth, is at present a staff editor on the Mount Holly .Mirror, at .Mount Holly, New Jersey. Thomas H. Troth, the father of our subject, was born on Federal street, Camden, New Jersey, attended the C)uaker school at that jilace, ;nid when only eight vears of age, at the death of his parents, began work on a fariu. 414 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST He was also employed in a sawmill, under the direction of Andrew Ross, and subsequently he learned the glass-blower's trade, which he followed for several years. In 1861 he came to Millville and entered the employ of Whitall, Tatuin & Company, the proprietors of the largest glass-works in this section of the state, in whose service he continued for twenty-eight years, a fact which indicates his excellent workmanship as well as his fidelity to his employers' interests. On the expiration of that period he was elected supervisor of roads and streets for a term of five years, and while discharg- ing the duties of that ofifice also conducted a livery stable. He subsequently engaged in farming in Millville township, Cumberland county, turning his attention to that industry in 1893. At the time of his death, however, he resided at Xo. 428 Mulberry street, Millville. His political support was given the Republican party, and socially he was connected with the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Glass Blow- ers' Association of the United States and Canada, being the secretarj' of the Millville branch of the organization for several years. He was a thoroughly conscientious and upright man, whose life was in harmony with the prin- ciples of Christianity, and he commanded the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens at all times. He wedded Emily Doughty, and they became the parents of seven children: Joseph D. ; William: Harry, who owns a farm and is extensively engaged in the poultry business, making a specialty of the raising of fancy pigeons, and married Louisa Hund, by whom he has a son, Edgar; Edgar; Anna, the wife of Harry Thomas, a clerk for Whitall, Tatum & Company, by whom he has a son, Edgar, and a daughter, Nellie; George, who is a glass-blower and married Ella Henry, who was formerly a successful teacher; and Elizabeth, the wife of John Alaurada. a paper-hanger. The mother of these children died, and the father afterward married Mrs. Cath- erine Headly, nee Reeves, and their children are: Thomas O., who conducts a commission business and barber shop; and Emily, the wife of Ed Counsel- lor, who is in the Camden ofifice of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. The father of these children passed away at the age of sixty-six, respected by all who knew him. Joseph Doughty Troth, to whom we now direct the attention of our readers, and whose life history will awaken wide-spread interest owing to his connection with the labor problems, has spent nearly his entire life in Cum- berland county. He pursued his education in the public schools until four- teen years of age and then put aside his text-books in order to enter upon his business career. He learned the trade of stopper-grinding of the firm of Whitall. Tatum & Company, of Millville, and afterward learned the trade of glass-blowing. He com])!eted a five-years apprenticeship with that com- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 415 pany before attaining his majority, and afterward built a tank and for a short time engaged in the manufacture of glass balls for trap shooting. At length he sold that plant to Whitall, Tatum & Company and again entered the em- ploy of the corporation. Subsequently he was employed at West Bridge- water, in Beaver county, Pennsylvania, and at a later date gave the greater part of his attention to his duties as an officer in the Glass Blowers' Associa- tion. His first position in the organization was that of trustee in the old Flint League, to which office he was elected on the completion of his appren- ticeship. He served in that capacity until he resigned, and became the secre- tary of branch No. 7, also a member of the standing committee, and served annually as a delegate to the national convention, serving in those positions until elected a member of the executive board of the eastern division of the Green Glass League. In 1889 the eastern and western divisions of the Green Glass Bottle Blowers' Association met at Atlantic City for the purpose of consolidating the organizations, and Mr. Troth was made the chairman of the joint conventions. The next year he was elected a member of the national executive board, and at St. Louis, in 1892, he was elected the chair- man of the national executive board and was chosen vice president of the national association. Still further advancement awaited him, for in 1894 he was unanimously elected the president of the Glass Bottle Blowers' Asso- ciation of the United States and Canada, at the meeting held in Atlantic City, New Jersey. The following year he was re-elected, at Montreal, Can- ada, and was instructed to visit the Pacific coast to make an investigation concerning the importation of glassware. He is the only president ever chosen for such a task, and he is the only man ever elected president of the association east of the Alleghanies. At the time he was elected, he was the chairman of the mediation committee of the trades' organization of Mill- ville. New Jersey, but resigned to enter upon the more responsible duties as chairman of the mediation committee that arbitrated all matters of dispute at Millville for several years, and is proud of the fact that all difficulties were settled and adjusted amicably. As president of the national organiza- tion, the distinction of reading the most able report of all presiding officers is accorded him. He has served as a delegate to many of the conventions of his party and has done effective work as a committeeman. He has mastered parliamentary law, is a logical reasoner, a fluent and forceful speaker and a man of great influence and power. His manner is courtly, his nature genial and in every regard he is a true gentleman. Mr. Troth is a member and past chief of the Knights of the Golden Eagle, also a member of Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and holds the posi- tion of esteemed leading knight. He is also a member of the local assembly 4l6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST of the Knights of La1)or, in which he has served as master workman. In poHtics he is a stalwart Republican, has held a number of offices and has frequently served as delegate to the local county and state conventions. He has been a member of the city council for six years, was its president one year, and on the 15th of September, 1897, he received an ad-interim appoint- ment as postmaster of Millville, and on the 22nd of January, 1898, he was confirmed by the United States senate, and received his commission for a full term of four years, so that he is the present incumbent. His energies are now devoted to the discharge of the duties of that position and his admin- istration of the affairs of the office is commendable and satisfactory. Mr. Troth was united in marriage to Miss Ida iNIcLaughlin, a daughter of James McLaughlin, the superintendent for W'hitall, Tatum & Company at Millville. Their children are: Emily, who died at the age of two months; Ethel W'.. William Brandreth, Leroy Clarendon, Hazel, Veniah M. and J. Sewell. He is recognized as one of the most prominent citizens of Mill- ville, of marked force of character, of strong mentality and of keen discern- ment, concerned with those large loving interests which afifect humanity. Probably no question has excited such universal and world-wide interest as the labor problems, and it is such men as Mr. Troth who are capable of harmonizing the differences between labor and capital and bringing about the desired results from seemingly opposing elements, and after twenty years of hard work, and study of the labor problem, he feels proud of the fact that he has never advocated or ordered a strike. His close study and careful deliberation have made him a leader in one of the most mighty movements of the century, and throughout this country and Canada he has won friends among all classes by his fairness, im|jartiality and his honorable purpose. FRA:^IBES J. SMITH. The palatial home of Mr. Smith in Ocean City is an indication of the suc- cess which has attended his efforts throughout his business career, and he is deserving of great credit for rising to his present position in Inisiness circles from the fact that he began life without capital and has worked his way upward by his own industrw his energy and determined purpose. He was born at English Creek, Atlantic c BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST he receives, and lias been the means of placing the city among the front ranks of manufacturing towns. Such a man is John D. Hamilton, one of Salem's most esteemed and reputable citizens. He is a native of Medford, Vermont, was born July 13, 1838, and is a son of Joseph and Margaret (Rafter) Hamilton. The grandfather. Lewis Hamilton, was a farmer of Vermont and was of English parentage. He had thirteen children, among whom was the father of our subject. Josejih was a mason by trade, an indus- trious, hard-working man. He married Margaret Rafter, who bore him five children and whose death they were called upon to mourn in July, 1880. She had reached her fifty-sixth or fifty-eighth year when death came to her. The father died May 29, 1898, in Connecticut. He was a Democrat, but took little part in politics. His children were John D., our subject; Joseph, a foreman with the Goodyear Rubber Company of Connecticut; Helen; Tliomas, overseer for the Goodyear Rubber Company; and Alvina. John D. Hamilton was a student in the Springfield public schools when a lad. and it was little thought that he would make the Ijrilliant record in the business world that he has. When fourteen years of age he entered a blacksmith and carriage-making shop to learn the business and served an apprenticeship of nine years, becoming familiar with e\ery detail of the work. The following seven years were spent as a journeyman in the coach shop at Bridgeton, whence he went to Naugatuck in the capacity of superintendent for a large carriage factory at that place, and remained five years. Fitz- Gibbon & Crisp then secured his services as foreman of their blacksmith department at Trenton, one of the largest shops in the state. After remaining with them tw^o years he came to Salem and was in the employ of James H. Greene for eighteen months previous to engaging in business for himself. Having decided to open a shop of his own he built a two-story building twenty by fifty feet and began the manufacture of car- riages, making each part and shipping the completed vehicle to all parts of the country, largely to jobbers. The business increased to such an extent that the former building was no longer roomy enough to carry on the work, and in 1898 he was obliged to enlarge it, which he did by adding another story and increasing the area to thirty by sixty-two feet. In order to still further increase the facilities of the work he put in a twenty-horse power boiler and engine, and added a wood-working machine, etc., until he now has a splendidly equipped shop in every department and is able to turn out work of a superior order in the shortest possible time. He has now in course of construction fourteen wagons, besides other work, and the shop contains about three thousand dollars' worth of work and stock. He makes a spe- cialty of spring wagons, and in three years sold forty-three of them. He CO.XGRESSIO.X.IL DISTRICT OF XEIV JERSEY. 437 does all his own drafting and keeps five men constantly employed. His building is heated throughout by steam and is comfortable in every part. Air. Hamilton was married May 29, 1880, the lady of his choice being Miss Susan Good, a native c;f Greenwich, Scotland. Their home life has been brightened by the birth of seven children, namely: John, aged eighteen; Mary, sixteen; Jane, fourteen; Ella, thirteen; Maggie, twelve; Gertrude, eight; and Alexander, who is a lad of six. They are members of the Presby- terian church and he also takes an active part in the work of the Y. M. C. A., being a leader of the orchestra and lending assistance whenever it is needed. He is a member of both the Senior and Junior Orders of United American Mechanics. ALBERTUS SOMERS SIMAIERMAN. A venerable and honored citizen of W^oodbnry. Gloucester county. New Jersey. Albertus Somers Simmerman, is living in the identical house in which his birth occurred, Alarch 24, 1821. He is a son of John and Keziah Sim- merman, both of whom have passed to their reward. The father, it is be- lieved, was born in Germany, and settled permanently in this town prior to 1812. A cabinet-maker and undertaker by vocation, he plied these callings successfully for a numl^er of years. He was the first undertaker in Wood- bury and conducted the business, which he established in 1808. without interruption until his retirement in 1847. He died when in the seventy-third year of his age, respected by every one who knew him. Alliertus S. Simmerman is one of four children, of whom the two elder ones. Horace and Matilda, are deceased, and Keturah is yet living. He obtained a fair education in his youth, and by subsequent study, reading and obser\'ation became well informed upon general subjects. Under his father's instruction he learned the senior man's business, and in 1847, when the latter retired, on account of advancing years, the young man assumed his duties. For many years he continued actively engaged along the same line of en- deavor, meeting with the commendation of his patrons, and fully meriting the high regard in which he was held by one and all. In i8go he retired, and the business which had been established by his father more than four-score years before and had never left the family passed into the hands of others. For more than a quarter of a century he and his wife have given much time and attention to the collecting of shells, fossils and various antiquities in this state, and their large cabinets are filled with extremely interesting speci- mens. Mr. Simmerman, especially, has made a study of the subject, and is considered an authority in this locality. He is an entertaining converser, 438 BlOCKAI'inCAL HISTORY Of Till: TIKST and his loiiij' residence liere and keen powers of observation liave rendered him faniihar witli local history. For eleven years he served as the overseer of the poor and in him the suffering and needy ever find a sympathetic friend. In his political views he is independent, and religiously he is a Presbyterian. His marriage to Miss Rhoda Rambo, a native of Gloucester county, New Jersey, was solemnized in 1850. She has been a loyal, noble wife, sharing his sorrows and joys, and in the countless ways known only to womankind has smoothed and made pleasant the rough highway of life over which he has traveled. They are quietly passing their declining days in the old home endeared to them by a thousand sacred memories, and secure in the friend- ship of a host of old acquaintances and lifelong neighljors. SAMUEL G. TWELLS. Samuel G. Twells. a retired merchant of Woodbury, New Jersey, and the o\\ ner of the Briar Hill farm, was born in Peru, Indiana, September 5, 1842. a son of John S. and Fannie (Grant) Twells. His father, who was distinguished both as a citizen and a philanthropist, was born in Philadelphia, July 25, 1818, and there obtained his education. After leaving school he obtained a situation as a salesman in the dry-goods store of Hardy & Tunis, on Market street, near Second street, in Philadelphia. In 1842 he removed to Peru. Indiana, and for two years carried on the dry-goods business there, but in 1844 disposed of his stock and returned to the City of Brotherly Love, where he carried on a shipping and commission Inisiness until 1868. In 1864, meeting with an accident which resulted in partial jiaralysis, he was prevented from devoting his entire attention to his business. In 1866 he purchased the beautifully located property in Woodbury known as the Mickle farm, which he subsequently named Briar Hill. To this farm he removed with his family in 1868 and there spent the remainder of his days, passing away on the i6th of February, 1890. He had three children: Samuel G. and Joseiihine, who died in childhood, and Standley. Mr. Twells was known far and wide for his many benevolent deeds, and no one honestly in need or in distress was c\cr turned empty- handed from his door. He was equally marked for his public s])irit and the existence of many of the improvements on the west side of Woodbury is due to his energy and contributions. Fie was a man of broad humanitarian principles, kind and benevolent, and all recognized in him a genial and courteous gentleman, of true character and worth. Samuel Cirant Twells removed with his parents to Philadelphia in 1844, 1^ '^^<^<2-^^t^iU-C ^5^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 439 when but two years of age. He was educated there at the Episcopal Acad- emy, tlien situated at the corner of Juniper and Locust streets. In early life he entered his father's store and was trained to the commission business. Rapidly acquiring a knowledge of the same he soon became a partner with his father. Since 1864 he has resided at Woodbury, and since 1866 has devoted his attention to the interests of Briar Hill farm. He manied Celeste Rodney, a daughter of Thomas Rodney and Susan Maria, nee Fromburger, of Damascus, St. George's Hundred, Delaware. They have seven children, — Bertha R., Herbert, Norris, John S., Ca-sar Rodney, Fannie Grant and Alfred Lee. The family are devoted members of Christ Episcopal church. In this connection it will be interesting to note something of the history of the Rodney family. According to Vincent's History of Delaware, it is , probably the most complete in this country, if not in any other country, as it carries this historic family down a space of seven hundred and eighty years. The first Rodney that came to England was Sir Walter D. Rodney, a soldier in the year iioo who came with the Empress Maude, the daughter of Henry I, king of England. The nineteenth was William Rodney, born in 1610, an ancestor of the Delaware Rodneys, who came with William Penn ill 1682 and was his legal adviser. He had a son, Cjesar, who had three daughters and five sons; one was the celebrated Caesar, who was the Gov- ernor of Delaware, and signed the Declaration of Independence, and was the hero of "Rodney's Ride" and a bachelor. The other son was Thomas, who also had a son, Caesar Augustus Rodney, who was the attorney general of the United States and envoy and minister plenipotentiary to Buenos Ayres, where he died in 1824. His eldest son, Thomas Rodney, with his mother's family, moved back to Delaware. He was a consul to Cuba and the col- lector of a port. He had three sons and one daughter. Celeste, who married Samuel G. Twells, whose family is the subject of this sketch. GEORGE W. PAYNE. One of the representative citizens of Cumberland county is George W. Payne, whose prominence in business and public affairs well entitles him to representation in this volume. He was born in Millville, Cumberland county, on the 7th of September, 1843, and is a son of Thankful (Van Hook) Payne. The Payne family is of English lineage, but on the maternal side our subject is of Holland Dutch extraction. The paternal grandfather, Macey Payne, resided at Millville and was a seafaring man who sailed on coasting vessels. The father of our subject was born at Millville, February 18, 1820, was left an orphan at the age of se\-en }'ears and was reared by his brother, Captain 440 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Levi Payne. He, too. followed ihe sea in early life, making- his first voyage as a seaman when seventeen years of age. He learned the glass-blower's trade and followed both pursuits, making his home in Millville throughout his entire life. He held membership in the First Methodist Episcopal church, and on the organization of the Republican party became one of its stalwart supporters. His wife, who was a daughter of William \'aii Hook, was born at what was then known as Schooner Landing, a point four miles south of the business center of Millville. She was the great-granddaughter of Dr. Van Hook, who came to Millville from Darmstadt, Germany, and settled permanently here. Two of his sons, Benjamin and Lawrence, who also were physicians, were prominent in the early part of this century and particularly active during the war of 1812. Dr. Lawrence Van Hook was the grand- father of Mrs. Payne. \\'illiam Van Hook, her father, was engaged in farm- ing for many years, and in the latter part of his life was in the employ of Whitehall, Talem & Company in Millville. Mrs. Payne died in April, 1893. She was for over fifty years a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, to which her huslmnd also belonged. Mr. and Mrs. Charles G. Payne were the parents of fifteen children, seven of whom are yet living, the eldest being George. Kate V., the second, is the wife of Henry Vogt, a shipping clerk of Philadelphia. She was first married, however, to Thomas Wells, and had three children,- — Albert, Lucius and Jesse. Charles, a glass-blower by trade and now a lawyer of Millville, married Maggie Smith and has two daughters, — Eva and Ruby. Mary is the wife of Jeremiah Corson, the superintendent of the grinding department in the extensive glass-works owned by W'hitali, Taylor & Company, and now has five children, — Nellie, Flora, Charles, Hannah and Frederick. Frances is the wife of Frank Boardman, a railroad engineer, and their children are Lucinda Mae and Cora. Lenora married Michael Durkin, a cloth dresser, and they had three children: Lizzie, who died at the age of thirteen years, and George and James. Jennie is the wife of Ralph Kelvington, a wheelwright, and they have one son, Harvey. Rena, the youngest of the family, is the wife of George Dougherty, a lamp worker, and they have seven children. The father of these children died in i8gi, at the age of seventy, and his wife passed away when se\-enty-one years of acre George Payne, whose name introduces this record, pursued his educa- tion under the direction of Dr. Parker and Rev. Northrup, and after putting aside his text-books, at the age of eleven years, he learned the glass-blower's trade, entering u]ion an apprenticeship in 1856. He followed that business until 1895. being in the cnipldv of Whitall. Taylor & Company, of Millville. He mastered the business in its \arious denartnients and was a most trusted CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 441 employee of the house, a fact wliicli is well indicated by his long service. Taking a deep and active interest in public affairs. I\lr. Payne has long been recognized as a leader of public thought and movement. He served for three terms in the New Jersey legislature, being elected to the office in 1875, 1876 and 1877, and during his second term was the chairman of the committee on corporations. In 1877 he was active in pushing a bill entitled "An act for the better securing of wages to workmen and laborers in the state of New Jersey," — a bill for which he had worked hard the two previous years, but which he did not succeed in carrying until 1877. It was a law to prevent the payment of employes in punch orders, due bills, etc.. which were redeemable only at the company's store; and the introductory clause read as follows: "That it shall not be lawful for any person or corporation in this state to issue for payment any order or other paper whatsoever unless the same purport to be redeemalile for its face value in lawful money of the United States by the person gi\ing or issuing the same." This was the first general act of the kind passed in New Jersey, and it has since been amended to better protect the workingmen. Mr. Payne was opposed by many strong men, including the Democratic nominee for governor, Mr. McGill. and was loyally supported by the present governor of the state, Mr. Griggs, who was the Republican nominee. The law was an especial boon to the glass-blowers, establishing a cash basis for their labqr; and Mr. Payne incurred the enmity of manufacturers throughout the state, and was for some time proscribed from being employed. He has also been connected with public service in the custom-house at Philadelphia. During Grant's admin- istration he served as inspector of customs, and at all times has been most loyal and faithful in the discharge of his public duties. He has likewise held a number of local ofifices. When his term as representative was completed he was made the assessor of the old second ward of Millville, which is now the second and fourth wards, and held the position for eight years. In March, 1889, he was elected to the common council, and, after serving a few months, resigned in order tO' accept the position of superintendent of the glass-works of Rankins & La Mar at Atlanta, Georgia. Returning to Mill- ville in 189J. he was again elected to the council and served three years, tak- ing part in important rulings as a member of the finance, water and railroad committees. In March, 1895, '^^ ^^'^s elected mayor of Millville and was re-elected in 1898, without opposition; and it is needless to add that he is one of the Ijest mayors the city has ever had, fearless in the discharge of his duty and aiming always to foster the best interests of all classes. Mayor Payne was the first national secretary of the National Flint Glass Workers' Union, which embraces the United States and Canada, and he held 442 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST this position three years, virtually rc(leemiii_2^ the Union from chaos and placing it on a firm financial basis. He was for twelve years representative to the national body through successive re-elections and sers'ed on the most important committees. A fine watch, properly inscribed, was presented to him by the Union, and he has a handsome chain, which was the gift of the employes at Atlanta, where he was superintendent. He served for eight years as assessor of Millville, was two terms a member of the city council from the fourth ward, and was a justice of the peace of the fourth ward. On the 9th of December, 1865, Mr. Payne was married to Miss Mary Stonehill, a daughter of Captain Stonehill, and to them have been born eight children: John C, Reginald \V., William S., Georgianna, Lavinia N., Nellie, Harold H. and Anna. Reginald married Miss Ella Hartman. William married Miss Sarah J. Champion. Georgianna is the wife of Harry Reed, of Cape May City; and Lavinia N. married Samuel Curlott, formerly of Maryland, now a resident of Millville. Mr. Payne is a prominent and valued member of various fraternities. He belongs to the Masonic lodge and also to the chapter, is a member of the Knights of the Golden Eagle, the Knights of the Mystic Circle and the Junior Order of American Mechanics. He is also a consistent member of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Mill- ville. The cause of education has found in him a warm, friend and he has done effective work for the schools while serving on the school board. In politics he has always been a stalwart Republican, unswerving in his support of the principles of the party. As mayor of the city his administration has been progressive, business-like and beneficial, and his public career and private life are alike above reproach. ROBERT S. CLYMER. One of the most distinguished lawyers and jurists of southern New Jersey is Robert S. Clymer, a man of forceful individuality and strong mentality who has advanced step by step to a position of marked prominence in the ranks of the legal fraternity. W'hatever else may be said of the legal fraternity, it cannot be denied that members of the bar have been more prominent actors in public affairs than any other class of the community. This is but the natural result of causes which are manifest and require no explanation. The ability and training which qualify one to practice law also quahfy him in many respects for the duties which lie outside the strict path of his profession and which touch the general interests of society. Holding a marked prece- dence among the members of the bar of ^^'oo(llnu'v is Mr. Clvmer. whose C-' V j^ T- ^-A COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 443 ability has gained him a place of distinguished preferment among the repre- sentatives of the legal profession in Gloucester county. A native of Philadelphia, he was born on the 23d of August. 1855. a son of David M. and Abigail A. Clymer. His ancestry is one of long and hon- orable connection with this country, for in the middle of the seventeenth century the family was founded in the New World. Several of the family Avere numbered among the adherents of the American cause during the war of the Revolution. After acquiring his preliminar)- training in the public schools, Judge Clymer entered upon his business career in connection with commercial pur- suits, and for a decade was thus engaged. It was his desire, however, to prepare for the legal profession, and while attending to his duties as clerk he began reading law. eagerly accepting the first opportunity that presented Itself to register as a law student. After a thorough and careful preparation for the bar he was admitted in 1882. and immediately entered upon the prac- tice of his profession. No dreary novitiate awaited him. for he soon entered upon a successful career and in less than a decade his marked ability secured his elevation to the bench. He soon won for himself very favorable criticism for the careful and systematic methods he followed. His remarkable power of concentration and application and his retenti\-e mind have excited the sur- prise of his professional colleagues. Political questions early awakened his earnest attention, and by careful study and investigation he has thoroughly informed himself concerning the issues of the day. He early became a recognized leader in the local political circles of Gloucester county, and his fellow townsmen, recognizing his worth and ability, called him to public office. In 1877 he was elected the clerk of the city of Woodbury, New Jersey, and filled that position with ability and credit for four years. For one year he held the ofiice of chosen freeholder, but in each case refused to become a candidate for re-election. He was the city solicitor of \\'oodbury for four years, and while discharging his duties won a most enviable reputation. He conducted a number of very important cases and his wonderful oratory, clothed with the sound logic of truth, car- ried conviction to the minds of judge and jury and enabled him to mount the ladder of fame. His private practice rapidly increased, both in the courts of Gloucester count}- and in Philadelphia, where he also has an ofiice and has risen to prominence as a member of the bar of that city. A most impor- tant case in Philadelphia in which he was concerned was that involving the question of the constitutionality of the city ordinance imposing a tax on non- residents. This was the case of the Commonwealth vs. Simons, reported in the Legal Intelligencer, volume 41. jiage 448. The ordinance was declared 444 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE lARST unconstitutional. The a1)ility lie had (lisi)layc(l in the ])ractice of liis pro- fession and his recognized knowledge of the law led, in 1891, to his aiijioint- ment to president law judge of Gloucester county. For almost six years he filled the position, and no higher testimonial of his capal)le service could be given than the fact that no case decided by him was ever reversed by the higher courts. His decisions were models of judi- cious soundness and gained for him a very desirable reputation as a jurist. He is still a close student of his profession, and at the same time is a scholarly gentleman, familiar with the classical works of literature and of art. His law practice is almost exclusively confined to the civil courts and he has a large clientele in these, both in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, as well as in the district and higher courts of the United States. He has enjoyed triumphs in his professional career, and iaoth in public and private life he has gained that warm personal regard which arises from true nobility of character, kind- ness and geniality and deference to the opinions of others. His conversation is enlivened bv a wit and repartee that render him a pleasant companion and make him popular with all classes. GEORGE S. SHARP. The Sharp family from which George S. traces his descent is of English extraction. His grandfather was a successful landlord in Salem county. New Jersey. He was united in marriage to a Miss Christman and had children, — Jacob, James, Thomas, Joseph, Sarah and ]\lary Ann flMrs. James Thomp- son). Jacob was born in Salem, county and married Ivosanna. a daughter of George Sheets, of Bridgeport, Gloucester county. Their children were ten in number, as follows: Amanda (Mrs. Joseph Kidd), John. Eliza (Mrs. Samuel Stranger), Sarah (Mrs. Charles E. Lodge), Charles, George S., Hugh C, Thompson. Hannah Frances (Mrs. Charles Hendrickson), and Henry. "Nfr. Sharp during his active life-time was a carpenter and a farmer, but having retired from these vocations now resides in Bridgeport. His son George S. was born March 6, 1836, in West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and when two years of age removed to Loga township. Gloucester county, where he has since resided. He early engaged in active labor, meanwhile improving such opportunities for education as occurred during the winter months until his majoritv was attained, when he emljarked in the raising of produce on shares, and continued thus emjiloyed for seven years. He was in the fall of i860 married to Miss Beulah L., a daughter of Jonathan Pjcimett and Hannah Lippincott, of .\sbury. New Jersey. Mr. Bennett had been previously mar- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 445 ried to Miss IMay Davis, and was the parent of fourteen children, three of whom were by the first marriage. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Sharp are Charles Edward, Ehen B. (who has been since her eighteenth year engaged in teaching). Katie H., Howard R., and Franklin B., who died in infancy. During the year 1867 Mr. Sharp purchased his present home in Logan township, and has since been actively interested in the raising of general produce and other farm labor. By discretion and close application to busi- ness he has in a comparatively few years acquired a competency and enjoys a deservedly high reputation as a successful grower of sweet potatoes, which he makes a specialty. The market for his produce is principally found in Philadelphia. In local politics Mr. Sharp has been somewhat active as a Republican, but has invariably refused to accept ofifice. He is a member of the Alethodist Episcopal church of Bridgeport, as is also JNIrs. Sharp. F. B. RIDGWAY. There is no more loyal or public-spirited citizen in Gloucester county than this gentleman, who is an honored veteran of the civil war and who in many public offices has discharged his duties with a promptness and fidelity that was equal to his patriotic services upon the battle-fields of the south. He is now filling the position of county clerk, and his official course has won the commendation of all concerned. No trust reposed in him has ever been betrayed and he therefore enjoys the confidence of the public in an unqualified degree. Mr. Ridgway was born in the township of Greenwich, Gloucester county, Februan,^ 17, 1840. His grandfather was Jacob Ridgway and his father Benjamin Ridgway. The latter was also born in the town of Greenwich and engaged in farming near Mullica Hill. He was an enterprising agricul- turist whose devotion to his business interests and his capable management brought to him excellent success. He held membership in the Baptist church and his life was in harmony with his professions. He married Miss Mary Batten, a daughter of Francis Batten, of Gloucester county, and they became the parents of twelve children who lived to manhood and womanhood, while eight of the number still survive, namely: Andrews, a resident of Camden; F. B.; Aaron M., whose home is near Mullica Hill; Benjamin, of Atlantic City; Myra K., the wife of Nathan S. Lloyd and living in Mullica Hill; Sabra E., the wife of Elwood Kier. of Mullica Hill; Charles K., of Baltimore; and Moses B., of Camden. The father of these children was called to his final rest in 1883, but the mother is still living, at the age of eighty-three. 446 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORV OF THE flKST F. B. Ridgwav. wlio is so well known in Gloucester countv tliat lliis sketch cannot fail to he of interest to many of our readers, was educated in the Quaker schools and left home in the spring of iSAi to enter his country's service. The echoes from Fort Sumter's g'uns had hardly ceased to re- verberate when he joined the Union army in Company A. Third New Jersey Infantry, April 19, 1861. Going at once to the front he entered into active service, but for some time before being mustered out he was ill, the rigors and hardships of war undermining his health. At length he received an honorable discharge and returned home. He then engaged in raising vege- tables for the city markets during the summer months, while in the winter season he was employed as a school teacher. On the'22d of February, 1865, Mr. Ridgway was united in marriage to Miss Julia P. Chattin. a daughter of one of the prominent residents of the ' community. He then began cultivating his wife's farm comprising forty- four acres and successfully conducted his agricultural pursuits. One child, who is still living, came to bless their union, Walter C., who is now serving as a clerk in his father's office in Woodbur\-. Mr. Ridgway has been a very active factor in political circles and is a stanch advocate of the Republican party. He was elected a freeholder by his township, serving for five years, and was a member of the building com- mittee of the board of freeholders at the time when the new court-house was erected. In 1884 he w^as a candidate for the nomination of county sherifT against Senator Packer. In 1887, however, he received the nomination and was elected for a three-years term. In 1892 he was elected the county clerk, filling that position for five years, and so capably did he discharge his tluties that in 1897 he was re-elected and is now serving a second term. He has been a delegate to all the conventions of his party and in its councils his influence has been very marked. He keeps well infonned on the issues of the day and is therefore able to give an intelligent support to the measures which he advocates. Socially he is a prominent Mason, belongs to Swedesboro Lodge, No. 157, F. & A. M.; Siloam Chapter, R. A. M., of Camden; Cyrene Com- mandery, K. T. ; and Lu Lu Temple of the ^Mystic Shrine in Philadelphia. He is also a member of the Improved Order of Red Men, in which order he has filled all the chairs, and for five years has been a representative to the great council. He also belongs to the Junior Order of American Mechanics; to Mullica Hill Grange No. 51, P. of H., and James S. Stratton Post, G. A. R., of Mullica Hill. His wife holds membership in the Baptist church and they are both highly esteemed by the people, enjoying the marked regard of many friends. Mr. Ridgway is a most competent official and his public record is one over which there falls no shadow of wrong. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 447 JA:\IES H. NIXON. Judge James H. Nixon, who is now occupying the bench of the circuit court of New Jersey, is one of the distinguished citizens of the state. His name figures conspicuously in connection with the poHtical. legal and judicial annals of New Jersey. A native of Cumberland county. Judge Nixon was born in 1838, and at the age of twenty years was graduated in Princeton University with the class of 1858. He subsequently engaged in teaching school for three years in the Lawrenceville Academy near Princeton, and afterward prepared for the legal profession as a student in the law office of Hon. John T. Nixon, of Bridgeton, New Jersey. In 1863, at the November term of the supreme court, he was admitted to the bar and began practice at Millville. For twenty-one years he was the solicitor of that city and was connected with much of the important litigation tried in the courts of his district. His preparation was thorough and exact, his mind is keenly analytical, his reason- ing profound and his application of legal principles to the points at issue accurate and exact. Well fitted for leadership, he has long figured promi- nently in connection with public affairs in the state. He was a member of the New Jersey house of the assembly for four years, from 1865 until 1869, and of the senate three years, from 1869 to 1872, and acted as the chairman of the judiciary committee in both bodies. In 1876 his name was placed on the Republican electoral ticket of the state. He filled the important office of assistant attorney general during the administration of President Harrison and for more than a year and a half under the second administration of President Cleveland. He was appointed the judge of the court of errors and appeals by Governor Greggs on the 2d of March, 1896, for a term of six years, but resigned the oihce to accept the appointment to the circuit bench of New Jersey made by Governor Voorhees on the 19th of February, 1900. He is a stalwart Republican and has long been recognized as one of the leaders of his party in the state. Mr. Nixon enjoys a state reputation, for the importance and prominence of the legal interests w-ith which his name is associated have been such as to require the careful handling of men of superior ability whose talents are such as to draw to them not only the atten- tion of their professional brethren but of the public as well. Yet Mr. Nixon is a man of great modesty and unobtrusive manner, who seeks not laudation of self. His reputation is the deserved tribute of high merit. It comes as the natural sequence of talents that place him upon an exalted plane above the majority of mankind, owing to the development of abilitv through study, earnest purpose and untiring effort. 448 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST GEORGE S. WEST. George S. West, tlie surrogate of Camden county and a resident of the city of Camden, was born September 12, 1851, in Boston, Massachusetts, a son of Samuel and Mary (Weldon) West. Samuel West, who also was a native of Boston, settled in Camden in 1852. A soldier in the regular army, served in the Mexican war, fighting on the Rio Grande under General Zach- ary Taylor and distinguishing himself for ])ra\ery. Though troulded by a wound received in Mexico, he was eager to participate in the war of the Rebellion, and raised a company of volunteers in Ohio. After receiving the command of the company he never reached the battle-field, as his old wound caused his death in 1861, when he was forty-four years old. George S. West was educated in the public schools of Camden. He sub- sequently learned the machinist's trade; but, having no taste for labor of that kind, he sought and obtained the position of salesman in a wholesale clothing and notion house of Philadelphia. Afterward he opened a large auction house in Camden, which he successfully conducted until 1887. In the meantime he had taken an active part in politics as a Republican, and his character and energ)- had made him popular with both parties. Begin- ning in 1885, he was elected a member of the city council for three successive years, representing Ward 4. In 1887 he was elected county surrogate on the Republican ticket, receiving, it is stated, the largest majority ever given a candidate for that office in this section. On that occasion he gave up his auction business, and thereafter devoted his whole attention to the duties of his office. Having completed his term of five years with credit, he was re-elected for another term in 1892, and also in 1897. In 1876 Mr. West was married to Miss Mary J. Charles, of Camden, and now has one son, Hayden A., who graduated at the University of Pennsyl- vania and also at the University of Tennessee. He is a practicing physician in Nashville, Tennessee, a professor in the University of Tennessee and the University of the South. He is a member of the Camden Republican Club. Taking much interest in military affairs, he was the commander of Company D, Sixth Regiment of the National Guards, and now the regimental adjutant of the Third Regiment and chairman of the committee on the new armory. It was largely through his instrumentality that the state was induced to appropriate one hundred and forty-eight thousand dollars for the erection of that handsome structure. He is a Knight Templar i\Iason, has taken the thirty-second degree, and is a member of the Lulu Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Philadelphia. He also belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Improved Order of Red Men, the Brotherhood of United '^^^^^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 449 American Mechanics, the Knights of the Golden Eagle, the Ancient Order of United A\'orkmen and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is popular with all classes of men and a leading spirit in social events. Mrs. West is a deaconess of the Linden Baptist church, but ]\Ir. ^^'est is not a church member. W. J. BROWNING. The business capacity of Air. Browning is of high order and through many years the history of his career has formed an important chapter in the annals of the commercial interests of Camden. He was born in this city, April II, 1850, and is a son of William H. Browning, who was born in Mer- chantville, this county, his father being John Browning. William H. Brown- ing was a carriage trimmer and died on the i8th of February. 1861. His wife passed away in 188 1, and like her husband was a faithful member of the Society of Friends. They became the parents of three children: William J., of this review; B. F., a resident of Camden: and ]\Iary A., widow of Ed A. Henry. W. J. Browning pursued his education in the public schools of his native city and later attended the Friends' Central High School, of Philadelphia. At the age of fifteen he entered upon his business career, becoming connected with a wholesale dry-goods house of that city. There he remained for thirty years, connected with the same line of business. In 1881 he became a mem- ber of the firm of W. B. Kempton & Company. In 1883 he became a member of the firm of Crap, Vandevere & Company. In 1887 that firm retired from business and ]\Ir. Browning became the controller of the New Jersey trade for Howett, '\\'amer & Company, with whom he remained for five years. While with the latter firm he was made the postmaster of Camden, in 1889, occupying that position for five years. In 1894 he was appointed adjuster of the Camden Suburban Railroad Company, and is a director and the secretary of the West Jersey Traction Company, a director of the Camden Building & Loan Company and the Homestead Building & Loan Association. He is a man of marked capacity in business affairs, capable of controlling extensive and varied interests. Official positions have also been accorded Islr. Browning, and aside from ■his service as postmaster he has been a member of the board of education and of the city council. He was made the chief clerk of the house of repre- sentatives in the fifty-fourth congress and still holds that position. He exercises his right of franchise in support of the men ^nd measures of the Republican party and is well informed on all the issues and questions of the ii-cc 450 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE PIRST day. He discharges his duties with InisinessHke dispatch and his fidelity has won him high commendation. On the 31st of January, 1873, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Brown- ing and Miss Lillie A. Taylor, a daughter of Rev. Thomas R. Taylor, of Camden. Their union has been blest with a son, W. K., who is now a practic- ing physician of Plainfield, New Jersey. Mr. Browning is a member of the Masonic fraternity and the American Order of United Workmen. He also belongs to the First Baptist church. Close application to his business inter- ests, combined with keen discernment and a judgment that is rarely at fault, has enabled him to win and maintain a foremost position in commercial circles, while his social qualities have gained him the warm regard of many friends. BENJAMIN L. DENSTEN. Benjamin L. Densten has passed his entire life in Gloucester county, identified with the agricultural interests of this section of the state, and no one in his community is more highly respected. His father, Leven Densten, was a native of Virginia and spent his youth and early manhood in that state, subsequently removing to a farm in West Deptford township, Gloucester county. His later years were passed here and at his death he had reached the extreme age of one hundred years. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Stetcher, was summoned to the better land about 1873. The subject of this sketch was born on the old homestead in this town- ship, January 21, 1847. His elementary education was acquired in the com- mon schools of the neighborhood and in those of Thorofare and Red Bank. From his early years he has been familiar with agriculture in its various branches, and by the time that he had arrived at his majority he was fully competent to manage a farm on his own account. He is now considered one of the most progressive, practical farmers of his home neighborhood, and merits the high respect in which he is held Ity all. In political affairs he takes a patriotic interest, his ballot and influence being given to the Re- pubhcan party. At Woodbury, on the ist of July, 1878, Mr. Densten married Miss Anna M. Bendler, daughter of William and Mary Bendler. Three children bless their union, namely: Mary E., Samuel E. and Everett Glenwood. The family attend the Baptist church and take an active part in furthering all worthy enterprises. They have a pleasant home and enjoy the respect and well earned regard of all with whom they have been associated, whether in business or social circles. / CONGRESS fOX.4L DISTRICT OF XEJr JERSEY. 451 J. FRANK SHULL. It is ahvavs a pleasure to the biographer to trace the history of a man whose career has been strictly honorable and above reproach, as is the case with J. Frank Shull, of Wenonah. Since 1875 he has resided here with his family in a beautiful modern house which he built that year, and no one in this locahty is more highly esteemed, or more worthy of representation in the annals of the county. The Shulls are of English origin, and both the father and grandfather of our subject were natives of this state. Abijah Shull, the last mentioned, was born at Franklinville, and, like his father, he followed agriculture. For a period, however, he drove the old stage from Philadelphia to Port Eliza- beth, and thus became well known, far and wide. He married Margaret Cake, of his native place, the daughter in a family of pioneer hotel-keepers. He continued exceptionally strong and active, mentally and physically, until his death in 1866. His widow lived for a number of years afterward, her death occurring in November, 1891. She was a woman of beautiful Chris- tian character, and to her gentle, loving influence: her children might safely attribute much of the noble element in their natures. She was a devoted wife and mother, faithful and true in all her relations with her fellow men and actively interested in church work. She was in her eighty-eighth year when the summons came to her to lay aside her earthly cares and to "enter into the rest which remaineth for the people of God." She was the mother of seven children, three of whom are deceased. Joseph is a resident of Deer- field. Cumberland county, New Jersey; Caroline W. is the wife of Preston Lippincott and resides near Deerfield; and Robert T. lives at Woodbury. J. Frank Shull was born in Deerfield, Cumberland county, in 1843, and in his boyhood acquired an elementary education in the district schools. Later he was a student at Eastman's Business College in Poughkeepsie, New York, thus laying the foundations of his subsequent successful commer- cial career. In 1862 he became a traveling salesman for a tobacco firm of Philadelphia and for ten years he continued to be employed along this line. Then he turned his attention to the selling of groceries for the wholesale firm of Jacoby, Wireback & Company, of Delaware avenue, Philadelphia, and traveled for twelve years more in this enterprise, finally being admitted to the firm. In 1873 Mr. Jacoby died and soon afterward the new firm of Shull, Wireback & Company was organized. This connection remained in existence until 1892, when Mr. Shull purchased the entire business, which he is conducting on a broader plan than ever before. The store is situated at No. 14 Front Street, Philadelphia, and six traveling salesmen are em- 452 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ployed, tlie tcrritorx' wliicli thev co\er inclndinf;' jiortions of the souIIt, besides Pennsylvania and Xew Jersey. .Mr. ShulJ is a man of tine business sagacity and enterprise, and by well directed etTorts he has amassed a com- fortable fortune. Ever since the First National Bank of Glassboro was organized Mr. Shull has been the vice president of the now flourishing financial concern. He has been one of the trustees of the South Jersey Institute, of Bridgeton, Xew Jersey, — a Baptist institution. Fraternally he is a member of Ionic Lodge, Siloam Chapter, and Cyrene Commandery, all of Camden, New Jersey. When a young man he identified himself with the Baptist church, and for some years he has been an influential deacon in the W'oodlnn-y congrega- tion. On the 8th of November, 1867, the marriage of Mr. Slmll and Miss Amelia Burdsall, a daughter of Ira Burdsall, was solemnized. She is a native of Kentucky, and by her marriage became the mother of two children: Laura B., the wife of H. G. Peddle, of Woodbury; and Rena C. the wife of \\'. J. McCahann, Jr., the secretary of the McCahann Sugar Refining Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. AARON SCHELLINGER. One of the venerable and highly respected citizens of Cape Ma\-. New Jersey, is he of whom the following lines are penned. He is a descendant of Cornelius Schellinger, and his paternal grandfather was ^^'illiam Schellinger, who was a pilot and farmer. He owned large tracts of land on Cape May Point and resided near the steamboat landing in Lower township. Both he and his wife, Sophia (Stevens) Schellinger, lived to attain the advanced age of four-score years, and were highly esteemed by all who knew them. Their son William became one of the millionaire merchants of Cincinnati, Ohio, and their other children were John, Aaron and Sarah. The daughter became the wife of Joshua Townsend, who was an influential citizen of Sea- ville, New Jersey, and at one time was a member of the legislature. The father of our subject, Aaron Schellinger, was born in Lower town- ship. He learned the trade of ship carpenter in Philadelphia, and later con- structed a great many sloops and pilot boats at what is now known as Schellinger's Landing. For years he dwelt in a small, old-fashioned house, with a great fireplace extending across one end of the building. For a period he and his thrifty wife kept a boarding-house and in tiine they became well-to- do, owning a fine farm of one hundred acres, on which he erected a substan- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 453 tial residence. He served in the war of 1812. was a stalwart supporter of the Democratic party, officiated as tax collector of his district, and for a period was the wreck-master at Cape May. Of the Presbyterian church he was an earnest and active member, leading the singing and giving liberally of his means toward the spread of the gospel. To himself and wife, Sophia (Ben- nett) Schellinger, the following children were bom: Elizabeth, who is the widow of \\'illiam Smith, a plasterer, and is the mother of Napoleon, Lorinda, Captain William (a seafaring man who lives at Cape May), and Mary, the wife of Isaac Dickinson, a carpenter of Cape May; William, a carpenter and builder at Cape May, who wedded Mary J. McCray and had a son. Clarence; George, a farmer of this county, living at Cape May, who married Anna Maria Hand and has two sons, — .Vlexander and William; Jeremiah, a plasterer by trade, who married Louise Merritt and whose sons Merritt and Joseph are wealthy manufacturers of glass at Royersford, Pennsylvania; Joseph, de- ceased, who was a machinist and coal dealer, and married Augusta Styles, by \\hom he had a son; and Aaron, the subject of this sketch. The father departed this life when he was eighty-eight years of age, and the mother when she was in her eighty-seventh year. The birth of Aaron Schellinger took place March 6, 1816, at his parents' home on Lafayette street. Cape May, New Jersey. He attended school in this town in his \outh, and here mastered the plasterer's trade, which he fol- lowed successfully for a quarter of a century. He then embarked in the coal business and owns the schooner which conveys his coal. At an early age he became interested financially in the shipping business, and at various times has been the proprietor of boats, schooners, yachts and small vessels engaged in the coast trade. At this writing he owns a number of boats and boat- houses. He owns a fine little farm of four acres here, and one of one hundred acres at Cold Spring. Diligence, economy and enterprise marked all if his business transactions, and integrity and justice characterized his entire com- mercial career. Since beconn'ng a voter i\Ir. Schellinger has been a stanch Democrat, and from time to time he has occupied local offices, such as that of road over- seer, member of the town council and wreck-master. The Baptist church has received his earnest support since be was a young man, and no sacrifice was too great for him when its interests demanded his aid. Besides con- tributing liberallv to the regular maintenance of the church and its work, he gave three thousand dollars to it at one time. For two-score years he has officiated as a deacon in the congregation, for fourteen years served in an- other official capacity, and for a quarter of a centur)- was superintendent of the Sunday-school and leader of the choir. 454 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST The 'first wife of Mr. Sclielliiii^er was Miss Mary M. . prior to their marriage in 1842. and tlieir children were named Rebecca and Alexis. The daughter became the wife of Willis Stiles, who is engaged in the oyster business at Tuckerton, New Jersey. They are the parents of four children: the Hon. Herbert Stiles, Alexis, Helen and Sophia. Alexis Schellinger married Maggie Ehvell, and their only child is the Hon. William Schel- linger. Alexis Schellinger is a plasterer by trade, and is a yachtsman and financially interested in the fisheries. The second wife of our su1)ject bore the maiden name of Ann Merritt, and his third wife was formerly Elizabeth (Brooks) Merritt. In 1876 he was united in wedlock with Deborah Price, a daughter of the Rev. John Price, a minister of the Baptist church at Cold Spring. BENJAMIN HERITAGE. When settlements were first being made in New Jersey and the land was being reclaimed from the red men for purposes of civilization, there came to the New World emigrants who bore the name of Heritage, and in Bur- lington county, this state, in 16S4, planted the family on American soil. Since that time their descendants have been identified with the honorable business and professional pursuits which conduce to a state's prosperity and progress. Benjamin Heritage, whose name heads this sketch, is of the sixth gener- ation of Heritages in America, as will be seen from the following account: Richard Heritage, from whom those now bearing the name of Heritage in south New Jersev and many other localities ha\e descended, came from Brazlies, Warwickshire, England, in 1684. He had purchased rights of Edward Byllings, and upon his arrival here made a location of land on the north side of the south branch of Pensauken creek in Burlington county. New Jersey, calling his new home Hatten New Garden. He died 6th mo., i6th, 1702. His children were John, Joseph, Sarah and Mary. Joseph mar- ried Hannah Allen nth mo., 26th, 1697, and died iitli mo.. 13th, 1756. His children were Richard, Joseph, Benjamin, John, Mary and Hannah. Joseph, of the latter family', married Sarah \\niitall in 1730 and had several children, one being a son named Benjamin, who was born in 1735 and died in 1810. He married Priscilla and had the following children: Josiah. who became a Methodist minister; Benjamin, Iiorn in Gloucester county, who became a minister of the Society of Friends; b^phraim, who loyally served in the colonial army in the Revolutionar}- war; and Priscilla. Benjamin, last mentioned, was born 12th mo., 23rd. 1766. married Hannah %^yyu/^^AJJ^^XA4^ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 455 White 3rd mo., 15th, 1792. and died 9th mo., 6th, 1831. His children were Jonathan, Wilham, Sarah, Hannah, Esther, Elizabeth, Benjamin W., Ann M., Emma, Priscilla and Joseph O. Jonathan, born 3rd mo., 21st, 1793. married Esther Atkinson, a daughter of John Atkinson, 2nd mo., 3rd, 1830, and died nth mo., 20th, 1869. He devoted his Hfe to farming, and his capable management of afifairs brought him a desirable success. He was of a retiring disposition, a man of sterling worth and a consistent member of the Society of Friends. His children are Charles; Benjamin, the subject proper of this sketch, who was born 8th mo.. i8th. 1833: John, George, and Elizabeth A., all of whom are living at or near ]\Iickleton. The mother of these children passed away in 1871. Benjamin Heritage spent his boyhood days at his parental home and acquired his education in the common schools. Through the periods of vacation he assisted in the labors of the farm, and thus his practical knowl- edge of the business well fitted him for his business career when he began farming on his own account. He was accounted one of the enterprising and progressive agriculturists of the community and successfully managed his farm until 1881, when, having acquired a comfortable competence, he retired to private life. He owns one hundred and twelve acres, which he rents. Mr. Heritage has held a number of township offices. He was a freeholder for five years, commissioner for a similar period, chairman of the Township Committee six years, surveyor for three years, and has been president of the township board of education ever since the old school districts of the township have been consolidated, — six years. He never asked for an ofifice. nor for a vote, and has ever discharged his duties in a prompt and faithful manner, never betraying even in the slightest degree the trust reposed in him. He is a member of the Society of Friends and a progressive, public- spirited citizen who gives an earnest support to all measures which he be- Heves will prove of public benefit. ISAAC C. STEVENSON. Isaac C. Stevenson is a retired farmer of Gloucester county, having for many years been identified with agricultural interests, but now living in the enjoyment of the fruits of his former toil. He was born near Blackwood, New Jersey, January 26, 1822. His father was Isaac Stevenson, a native of Burlington county, and the grandfather was the founder of the family in America, having emigrated from Great Britain and settled in Kensington, 456 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE J-IRST Philadelphia. Isaac Stevenson was a farmer by occu])ation and followed that pursuit until his life's labors were ended in death in 1827. He held membership in the Presbyterian church and was a man of the highest re- spectability and worth. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Sarah Collins, was a daughter of Amos Collins, of Cross Keys, New Jersey, and her death occurred in 1847. By the marriage of this worthy couple eight children were born, but only two are now living: Richard, of Blackwood; and Isaac C. In the country sclu)ols Isaac Stevenson acijuiretl his education, and u]K)n the home farm he was trained to the labor of the fields. He early began farming on his own account, and in 1837 located upon what is known as the Stevenson homestead, about a mile from the town of W'cnonah. lie owned the land upon which the town is now built, and in 1871 sold the property to the Mancha Land & Improvement Company, composed of the following named gentlemen: William F. Allen, Horatio J. Mulford, Samuel A. Whit- ney, George Wood, John M. Moor, William J. Sewell, B. F. Lee and Samuel Hopkins. He is still the owner of considerable property, however, his landed possessions aggregating four hundred and seventy-four acres, all of which is under a high state of cultivation, yielding to the owner a good in- come. While actively identified with the farming interests of the community, he followed very practical and progressive methods, and neatness character- izes everything upon the old homestead. Its buildings are commodious and substantial, its fields w^ell tilled, and its excellent condition is an indication of the enterprise and diligence of the owner. Mr. Stevenson has also Ijeen a director of the First National Bank at Glassboro. is the agent of the Mancha Land & Improvement Company, and superintendent of the Wenonah water works. During the war of the Rebellion he was a member of the Deptford township committee and its treasurer, and during his service in that capacity he paid for volunteers from his township over a hundred thousand dollars. In June, 1847, Mr. Stevenson was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Coles, a daughter of William Coles, of Salem county. For many years they traveled life's journey together, but in 1890 were separated by death, Mrs. Stevenson being called to her final rest on the 5th of May of that year. They had two children: Sarah, the wife of George L. Dilks, of \\'cnonah, and Charles C, of Blackwood. For fifty years Mr. Stevenson has been a consistent member of the l*i-esbyterian church, and his life has been in har- mony with his religious belief and confessions. He is a man of marked business and executive aljility, and has ever borne an unassailable reputation in all trade transactions. Honesty is synonymous with his name, and this, combined with his unfiagging energy and perseverance, has brought to him CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JliRSEV. 457 a handsome success tliat nunil;ers him among the suljstantial citizens of Gloucester countv. EDWARD LAWRENCE. Edward Lawrence, an enterprising farmer of Salem and one of the largest land-owners of the county, may well be classed among its representative men. He is a son of William and Rebecca (Seagraves) Lawrence, and was born December 9, 1839, in Mannington township, where he became noted as a representative and enterprising agriculturist. His grandfather, George Law- rence, married Susannah Browning, a sister of Abraham Browning and an aunt of the prominent lawyer of that name in Camden, this state. Their children were Catherine, Elizabeth, Maria, George, Isaac, Thomas, and Mary Ann, William. He fought in the war of 1812 and was a soldier of valor. A member of the Episcopal church, he was an earnest Christian and lived an honorable and upright life. William Lawrence was a farmer of Mannington township during his active life, but moved to Salem some eight years before his death and there enjoyed a well earned rest. He was a Democrat and a freeholder and took an active interest in local politics. He was a regular attendant of the Baptist church and possessed of many sterling qualities that made him among the most respected men of the county. He was twice married, his first wife, Rebecca Seagraves, was the mother of six children: William; Joseph; Susan; Mar)', who died at the age of twelve years; Edward, our subject; and John, who died at the age of twenty-three years. The father died in May, 1876, at the age of seventy years. Edward Lawrence was educated in the district schools of his native town- ship and the pay schools of Salem. I^eaching manhood, he adopted the calling of his father and became a farmer, first residing for a period of seven- teen years upon the paternal homestead of two hundred acres which he still ow'Us. He was one of the most prosperous farmers in Salem county, giving care and attention to the preparation of the soil for his crops and to their cultivation, and he was rewarded by a bountiful harvest. He added to his already large acreage until at the present time he has, in addition to the two hundred acres upon which he began his farm- ing, the well cultivated farm of one hundred and seventy-eight acres upon which he has resided for many years past, and a half interest in another property of four hundred acres in Xew Castle county, Delaware, making him one of the most extensive land-owners in the county. Mr. Lawrence has been twice united in the bonds of matrimonv, his first 458 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE PIRST wife being E!izal)eth Robinson, wlio died ^lay i. 1875, leaving one cliild, Joseph, who married Helen Rittenhouse and lives in Philadelphia. His second wife, Mary Elizabeth Carpenter, is a daughter of \^'illianl B. Carpenter, of Salem, New Jersey. They have two children, — Anna and William. He is a Democrat, although his political enthusiasm has never been sufficiently strong to force him into the ring for political honors. j\s a trustee of the almshouse he has served the county faithfully and well, while as a trustee of the school he has been a valued friend to the cause of education. JOSEPH PAUL. Probably no resident of Gloucester county was more widely or more favorably known through the last half of the seventeenth century than Joseph I^aul. As the proprietor of the Paul Hotel, of \\'oodbury, he gained a wide acquaintance and was very popular, his social qualities and sterling worth gaining for him the friendship and high regard of many with whom he came in contact. Viewed from a financial standpoint, his life was also a success, and his prosperity was attriliutable entirely to his own well directed efforts. Mr. Paul was a native of Swedesboro, Gloucester county. New Jersey, and was a son of Hiram Paul, who was also a native of that place, where for many years he conducted a hotel. In the public schools of his native town our subject acquired his education, gaining a good knowledge of the English branches that well fitted him for the practical duties of life. In 1859 he came to Woodbury, where he purchased the Hotel W'illis, changing its name to Paul's Hotel. From that time until his death, which occurred October 23, 1896, he conducted business and made his place one of the most popular hotels in this section of the country. The hotel was especially noted for the fine dinners which it served to its guests, and ^Ir. Paul won a high reputation as a terrapin cook. Parties of prominent men often came from Philadelphia and other places to take dinner here, and the Union League Club of Phila- delphia often entertained at dinner here, paying ten dollars a plate! In public affairs Mr. Paul was also very prominent and was a recognized leader in the circles of the Republican party. His hotel was the rallying point of the supporters of the organization and many a slate was made and broken within its hospitable walls. For seventeen years he held the office of county collector, and his long service well indicated his fidelity and the trust reposed in him. On the 24th of October, 1878, Mr. Paul was united in marriage to Miss CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 459 ""■ --4 Sarah Swain, a daughter of Nathan Swain, of Kentucky. Her people were extensive slaveholders of that state, but were extremely loyal to the Union cause, so that at the time of the civil war her father and three of her brothers served under the starry banner and fought for the supremacy of the national government at Washington. Since her husband's death Mrs. Paul has con- ducted the hotel. She is a lady of marked executive ability and keen discern- ment, and success follows her undertakings. In his social relations Mr. Paul was a Mason and an Odd Fellow, and was accounted one of the valued representatives of those ancient and benevolent fraternities. He might well be termed a self-made man, for starting out in life without capital he steadily worked his way upward until he had attained a position of affluence and at the same time gained the warm regard of all whom he met. Mrs. Paul is the owner of Ogden Heights, a handsome country home near Woodbury, which was purchased shortly before the death of her hus- band and where he died. ISAAC H. BACON. Isaac Hitchner Bacon, of Salem, Salem county. New Jersey, is one of our reputable, substantial business men whose success has depended largely on his own individual efforts. He is a son of Lot and Sarah A. (Hawn) Bacon, and was born in Shiloh, Cumberland county, New Jersey, on April 6, 1854. Lot Bacon was also a native of that county, where he afterward engaged in agricultural pursuits. When the war of the Rebellion broke out he offered his ser\Mces in behalf of liberty and became a member of the Twen- ty-fourth New Jersey Volunteer Regiment for a term of nine months. While in the service he was afiflicted with jaundice and was obliged to go to the hospital near Washington, D. C, where he died. He was an earnest Chris- tian and a member of the Adventists' church. He was united in marriage with Sarah A. Hawn. who still sundves him. Their children were Henry and Margaret, who died unmarried; Jesse, an engineer, who married Jane Hewsted; Isaac H.. our subject; John S., who married Hettie Edward and resides in Salem; and Harriet, deceased. After the death of the father the mother married ^^'i!liam J. Tayler, an engineer, by whom she had one child, William J., a glass-blower, who married Clara Taylor. Mr. Bacon atten^ded the Buttonwood school until the death of his father made it no longer possible for him to do so, and he was obliged to quit at the tender age of eight years. He was then put to work on a farm for a short time and then came to Salem, where he began work for the firm of 46o BIOGR.irniCAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Pancoast & Cra\an in tlicir large glass-works as snapper-up boy. He served in all the departments of the work as snapper, ])lower, foreman and general manager of the manufacturing department, having some four hundred men under him. This plant does an extensive business and ships its goods to all parts of the country. After coming to Salem he felt the need of an educa- tion, and in order to achieve it attended a session of night school where his time was profitably spent and the foundation laid for a more comprehensive education from reading and general observation. He was married February 26, 1874, to Mary I'^. Wright, a daughter of John Wriglit, a former school-teacher, who is now a resident of Alloway township. They have two children, Ella, deceased, and Walter. He has been prominent in all jniblic work and has spared no effort to advance the welfare of the nnniicipality. He was formerly a member of the Liberty Hook and Ladder Companv, and is now a member of the Firemen's Re- lief Association and the .American Wheelmen. He is also prominent in social circles, being a member of the Lidependent Order of Odd Fellows, Salem Encampment, No. 10, and the Knights of Pythias. He is a Repub- lican and has been an active worker in local politics, while as a member of the city council he has been untiring in working for the l>est interests of his town. WILLIAM HENRY FIARRIS. William Henry Harris is the editor of the South Jerseyman, and through the columns of his paper as well as by personal influence he has aided largely in promoting the substantial welfare, advancement and improvement of Salem and the surrounding country. He was born in this city February 10, 1870, pursued his preliminary education in the primary and grammar schools and aftenvard completed the high-school course. He then entered the Times Printing House on Chestnut street, Philadelphia, which was then the largest establishment of the kind in the city. On serving a regular apprenticeship he became well qualified for work in connection with the "art preservative of arts." From early life he manifested a decided taste for this vocation, and in his l)o\hood spent much time in the village newspaper office. For four years he remained w'ith the Times printing house, and on the expiration of that period established a printing house in Salem, doing job and mercan- tile printing, in which enterprise he met with gratifying success. In 1893 ht purchased The South Jerseyman, consolidating that with his job printing establishment. Ftirther particulars are given a little further on. Mr. Harris was married to Miss Phebe A. Armstrong, of Salem. They ^-^^^©^^t^^^^t^^v::.^.^. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 461 have three children: Bessie A., horn November 7, 1889: Ralph X.. horn October 8, 1891 ; and Clifford W'., horn October 28, 1895. The parents hold membership in the Broadway Methodist Episcopal and the First Baptist church. Mr. Harris is a very prominent and influential member of the Young Men's Christian Association, was one of the promoters of the organi- zation at the time of its establishment and was a member of its board of directors. The first paper that he ever printed was the organ of the associa- tion. He has always taken a very active part in its work, being especially interested in the welfare of young men, to which class he yet belongs. Realizing the importance of training and influence to those who are in the stage of character development, he has done all in his power to aid the youth of Salem in entering upon a path of life that will lead ever onward and up- ward. In politics he is a stalwart Republican, always attends the conventions of his party and has frequently served as secretary. He is a member of the Garfield Club of this city and belongs to Ivanhoe Castle, No. 5, K. G. E., and the Fenwick Lodge, No. 164, L O. O. F. His actions have ever been such as distinctively to entitle him to a place in this publication, and, although his career has not been filled with thrilling incidents, probably no biography appearing in this work can serve as a better illustration to young men of the power of honesty and integrity in securing success. THE SOUTH JERSEYMAN. The South Jerseyman, one of the leading newspapers published in this section of the state, was established in Salem on the 14th of June, 188 1, by Charles N. Bell and D. Harris Smith, and was published in the interest of the Republican party. The first owners remained in charge until 1890, when the firm was dissolved, Mr. Smith carrying on business alone for two and a half years. On the expiration of that period it was repurchased by Mr. Bell and in 1893 passed into the possession of William H. Harris, the present owner and editor. On the 20th of June he assumed the management of the paper, which he has since published. It was established as a county Republican organ and has always advocated the principles of the grand old party, being an active and influential factor in local and state campaign work. It has the ■ largest circulation of all papers in the state south of Trenton. See sworn statement in the American Newspaper Directory. The circulation is enlarg- ing all the time, and in a year the figures will be erratic. It is a well edited journal, neat in appearance, clean and wholesome, and always to be relied upon to champion all measures for the public good. In addition to the well equipped plant in Salem, a branch office is maintained at Ninth and Arch 462 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST streets, Philadelphia, for the convenience of foreign advertisers who wish to secure rates, place business and for the reception of mercantile printing. The ofifice is patronized by some of the best business houses and corpora- tions in Philadelphia. The large steam plant, fully equipped with all the latest improvements, insures first-class workmanship. The South Jersey- man was first established as a four-page folio, and on the ist of January, 1900, was changed to an eight-page quarto, the latest devices being used for folding and pasting the paper. This paper is well known throughout south- ern Xew Jersey and was especially prominent as a factor in the election of General W. J. Sewell to the United States senate in 1897. In the face of strong opposition the South Jerseyman has had a rapid growth. It is the youngest journal of the city and its progressive and improved Ijusiness meth- ods have won for it a circulation and influence worthy of much older journals. When ]\Ir. Harris took charge he was the youngest editor in the state, but his ability as a journalist was soon manifest, and his excellent work is shown by the continued and e\er growing success which has attended the enter- prise. RICHARD T. STARR. Richard Thompson Starr, the proprietor and operator of one of the largest canning factories in southern New Jersey, is one of the most influential and well known residents of Salem county, who has made his home in the city of Salem since 1873. He was born in Trenton, this state, August 27, 1850, and is a son of Rev. Samuel and Mary Mountain (Thompson) Starr, widely known as a minister of more than average ability. The family sprung from one of three brothers who came to America from England at an early day. Rev. Samuel Starr was the eldest child of Samuel Starr, a physician, and one of three children: Sanuiel; Edward, a merchant of Xewton, Connecti- cut, who died there some ten years ago; and Mary, who died young. Samuel was given a good education, finishing at the Trinity College at Hartford. He then entered the ministry of the Episcopalian church and for a period of more than twenty years was stationed at Trenton as the rector of the church there, while at the same time he served as the chaplain of the state's prison at that place. Failing health finally caused him to leave the field where he had labored so long and faithfully, and it was with sincere regret that the many friends he had gathered round him both in the church and out of it saw him take his departure for the west. He was ofYered the pastorate of Grace church at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and took up his residence at that thriving little city in 1854, remaining there the remainder of his life. He died sud- COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 463 denly, in Chicago, in 1859, when returning from a visit to his old home in the east. He was then in his fifty-fifth year and had spent over thirty years in the ministry. His was a gentle, forbearing disposition, and his labors were attended with a far-reaching influence for good that was possible only to a man of his strong and dominating personality. Under his charge the little church in the west thrived and grew in strength until a solid founda- tion was laid for one of the strongest organizations in the middle west, and he is still held in loving remembrance by many of the older members who were then young people in his church. He was a shrewd business man as well as eloquent preacher, and invested largely in the prairie lands of the west, which it was one of his chief pleasures and recreations to manage. He was twice married, the first ceremony being solemnized by Bishop Deane, of the New Jersey diocese, at Buriington, New Jersey. Two children were born of this union: Edward, deceased, connected with the Chicago Evening Journal for more than thirty years and a graduate of Gambler Col- lege, in Ohio. He married ^liss Mary McCabe, a sister of Bishop McCabe. He had charge of the advertising department of the Journal and died at the age of fifty- five or -six years, in 1888. The second child was Rev. William C. Starr, who was a natural mechanic and for many years was closely asso- ciated with railroad magnates, but turned to the work of Christ and for several years has been stationed in Philadelphia as a supply in the Episco- palian church. The wife and child are dead. The Rev. Samuel Starr took for his second wife Miss Mary Thompson, the mother of our subject. Their children were Richard Thompson; Thomas B., born May 31, 1852, who was educated in the pay schools and is associated with our subject in business. He married !Miss Mary Morris, a daughter of Josiah Morris, of Salem. The mother was a daughter of Dr. Hedge Thompson, for many years a promi- nent physician of Salem and a direct descendant of Lord Fenwick, the founder of the colony. He was a prominent politician of his day and repre- sented his district in congress. The mother died in 1894, at the age of seventy-nine years. She was a woman of rare attainments, a sw'eet and lovable nature, and well suited to be the helpmeet of a minister of the gospel. Richard Thompson Starr first attended private school at Salem, and when his parents moved west entered the public schools of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Thinking of entering the legal profession, he became a student at Edge Hill, under Professor Cattell, preparatory to entering Princeton, but finally aban- doned that intention and decided to try his fortunes in commercial life. In 1870 he accepted a position in the employ of the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Northern Railway Company, where he remained a year, and then went to Chicago to take the position of fire and police reporter on the Chicago 464 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Evening- fminial. lie was not at all pleased with this work, and two years sufficed to show him that he must turn to some other field for an employ- ment that would be at once congenial and lucrative. In 1873 he returned east and with George Mecum as a partner laid the foundation of his immense camiino; business. The firm of Starr and Mecum began canning in a small way, employing only about fifty men, but the goods put upon the market were of excellent quality and found a ready market, while their factory furnished the surrounding farmers with a new source of income and soon became one of the most popular industries in that section. The business continued to increase in volume until their old quarters was found much too small, and the firm of Starr & Brother — Mr. Mecum having been succeeded by Thomas Starr — put up a factory at Han- cock's Bridge in 1880, which was operated by them ten years and had a capacity of fifty thousand cans per day, or one ton of tomatoes in three and one-half minutes! The two factories made a record of ninety-seven thousand cans per day. The factory at Hancock's Bridge was sold to Fogg & Hires, who now operate it. .\t present they have in course of erection, at Port Penn, Delaware, a factory which will have a capacity of one million cans per season and will require many acres of tomatoes to supply the demand. The factory at Salem, the Fenwick Canning Works, is the oldest but one in the county, has an output of two million cans per year, employs five or six hundred people and consumes the product of six or seven hundred acres annually, giving to the farmers a steady market for a very productive crop. Mr. Starr and Miss Frances E. Titus were united in the holy bonds of matrimony on January 10, 1873, and are the parents of four children: Kath- erine, Annie Forman, Mary Thompson, and one that died in infancy. Mr. Starr is a Republican in politics, and has been closely identified with the city interests, acting as the chief of the Salem fire department for sixteen years, represented the West ward in the city council, was director of the board of freeholders, and was also an officer in the senate when the Demo- crats made one of their attempts at stealing, in 1896. Socially he is a member of the Excelsior Lodge, No. 7, F. & A. M.; Forrest Lodge, Knights of Pythias; Salem Firemen's Relief Association; Fenwick Club, and the Salem Country Club. He is an attendant of the Episcopalian church and a man whose sterling worth and integrity have made him honored and esteemed by everyone. Mrs. Starr is a daughter of Captain U. B. Titus, of Trenton, New Jersey. He was a valiant soldier in the civil war and is now stationed at Trenton. where he has charge of the coal supply of the Pennsylvania railway. He is the commander of the Aaron Wilkes Post, G. A. R., of Trenton, and takes a CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 465 prominent part in all the work of that organization. He is well and favor- ably known throughout the state. His first wife was Miss Anna Forman, a daughter of John Fisher Forman, of Monmouth county, this state. They had four children: Sarah; Anna, who married Frank S. Emmons, a real- estate dealer of Jersey City and a man of official prominence; Francis E., the wife of our subject; and Joseph B., who is the treasurer of the Illinois Central Railway at Chicago. The next marriage w'as to Miss Anna Dem- arest, who also bore him four children: Calvin B., who is connected with the Illinois Central Railway at Chicago; Mary, Helen, and Lyman, who is at home. THOMAS W. HURFF. Thomas W. Hurff, deceased, who forms the chief subject of this memoir, was a native of Washington township, Gloucester county, New Jersey, April 27, 181 1. He was of German descent. Conrad HurfT, the grand- father, emigrated to America and purchased from the proprietors of South Jersey, a tract of land, in what is now Washington township, and became a prosperous farmer. Our subject was educated at Turnerville, and when seventeen years old went to learn the carpenter's trade and worked at it until 1841. His father was George Hurff. Soon the place became quite a prosperous village, and was known as Hurf¥ville. He also lumbered and .carried on farming. Politically he was a Democrat and was a member of the legislature in 1851-52, when the section was known as Camden county. He was also a freeholder the same period. For several years he was one of the directors of the First National Bank of Woodbury. He was an Odd Fellow. In school matters he took a lively interest and was director several years. He was a good business man, and left a fine estate. He had a "hard fight on his hands" to get good roads in his tow-nship, but finally succeeded. Through his efiforts a postoffice was established at this point, and for years he was the postmaster. He was twice married. — the first time, January i, 1834, to Martha, a daughter of John Turner, of Washington township. She died December 22, 1834. For his second wife he married Hannah, a daughter of Randall Jaygard. Their living children are: Clark J., Camden; Mary H., the wife of Augustin Biles, of Pennsylvania: Randall J., at home; Martha T., single, at home; John M., of Camden: Thomas W., of Wood- bury; George B., of Sewell; and Elizabeth P., of Philadelphia. The father died March 21, 1888, but the good mother still survives. Concerning his son Thomas W. it may he. said that he was born at Hurffville, New Jersey, July i. 1855, and received a good education, at the II— DD 466 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST common schools; also attended the South Jersey Institute, at Bridgeton. After leaving the school-room, he taught one year, and then went into the store with his father. In 1885 he formed a partnership with his brother, the firm name then being styled "Hurfif Brothers." In 1889 he took his brother's share and ran the store alone for three years. He was assistant journal clerk in the New Jersey legislature for two years. In 1894 he was appointed as weigher's clerk to the "coiner," at the Philadelphia mint. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity at Glassboro. December 18, 1894, he was united in marriage to Nellie Thatcher Jones. Mr. Hurff, both by nature and training, is an excellent man for lousiness, and the place he held at the mint proves him to be a correct accountant and trustworthy. In reviewing the sons and grandsons of the pioneers of this section of New Jersey, one is naturally impressed with the fact that so many of the present generation are by far better ofif than they would have been had their parents not been compelled to struggle to make a living and build up for themselves a home. The push and business tact necessary in their ancestors has come to them as a natural result, — a blessing in disguise. JOHN C. RULON. If those who claim that fortune has favored certain individuals above others will but investigate the causes of success and failure, it will be found that the former is largely due to the improvement of opportunity, the latter to the neglect of it. Fortunate environments encompass nearly every man at some stage in his career, but the strong man and the successful man is he who realizes that the proper moment has come, that the present and not the future holds his opportunity. The man who makes use of the Now and waits not for the To Be is the one who passes on the highway of life others who started out ahead of him and reaches the goal of prosperity far in ad- vance of them. It is this quality in Mr. Rulon that has made him a leader in the business world and won him a name in connection with banking interests that is known throughout the state. To the efforts of Mr. Rulon Swedesboro owes much of its progress and improvement, for he belongs to that class of representative American citizens who, while j^romoting individual prosperity, also advance the general success. The ancestry of the family to which Mr. Rulon belongs may be traced back through many generations. It is known from tradition that one Rulon came to this country from France during the persecution of the Huguenots, some time between the years 1684 and 1704. His brothers were Catholics CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF XEiy JERSEY. 467 and he a Protestant, and in order to secure his escape from persecution his brothers placed him in a hogsliead which they headed up and sent aboard a vessel bound for the United States. After the harbor was cleared he was released from his place of concealment and ultimately arrived in safety in this country. The first authentic record of the Rulon family concerns David and Exercise Rulon. The former died March 15, 1778. when about seventy- four years of age. His wife was a daughter of Henry and Hannah Allen and was born August 13, 1705. They had thirteen children, the fourth child being Henry Rulon, who was born June 5, 1732. He married Theodosa Robbins, who was liorn December 15, 1742. and they had ten children, in- cluding X'athaniel Ivulon, who was the fourth in order of birth. His natal day was December 30, 1764. Having arrived at years of maturity he wedded Hannah Dennis. He was a farmer of Cumberland county. New Jersey, liv- ing near Bridgeton, and was a man well known in that locality. Of his ten children Martin W. was the youngest. He was born on the i6th of Septem- ber, 181 1, and throughout his business career was a cabinet-maker and un- dertaker. From his native county of Cumberland he removed to Mullica Hill, iia Gloucester county. New Jersey, and about 1834 took up his residence in La Porte, Indiana, where the birth of our subject occurred. About 1837 the family returned to the east, locating at Chester, Pennsylvania, and in 1S43 came to Swedesboro where the father established a cabinet and undertaking business. He married Jane Kerlin, and they became the parents of five children, namely: \\'illiam H., who was born Octolier 23, 1834, and died October S, 1839: John Charles: Edwin, born December 7, 1839; George, born December i, 1841 : and Mary E., who was born May 21, 1844, and died June I, 1859. After the death of the mother of these children the father wedded Elizabeth Lewis, a widow. Their children are: Fannie P., who was born April 20. 1852; and Henry, who was born July 16, 1854, and died May 3, 1855. The father's death occurred October 20, 1857. John Charles Rulon, whose name introduces this review, was born in La Porte, Indiana, August 23, 1836, and was aliout a year old when the par-ents returned to New Jersey. He pursued his education in the public schools and under the direction of his father learned the cabinet-mak'er's trade. In 1862 he began business on his own account, carrying on under- taking in Philadelphia until 1883, during which time he made his home in that city. With the assistance of his uncle, Benjamin Rulon, he estal)lished the bank at Swedesboro, purchased the property where he now lives and began the development of the city by laying ofif building lots. He was made the cashier of the bank, and at the first meeting of the board of directors he 468 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST was chosen president of the board. A short time previous to the opening of the place for business he resigned as .president and was elected cashier. Since that time the greater part of the management of the affairs of the bank has devolved upon him, and the high reputation which the institution enjoys is largely the result of his well directed eiiforts. The liank was opened May i. 1883. having a capital stock of fifty-three thousand dollars. The ofificers were: I. H. Vanneman, president; John S. Batten, vice president: and John C. Rulon, cashier. All have continued to occupy their respective positions up to the present time, and a number of the original board of directors are still serving. On being elected cashier Mr. Rulon disposed of his business inter- ests in Philadelphia and soon afterward moved to Swedeshoro. where he has since made his home. During this time he has taken a very active and connnendable interest in the affairs which tend to improve and benefit the city. He was one of the ■promoters and incorporators of the Swedesboro Electric Light, Heat & Power Company, in which he has since served as a director, and is also a member of the directorate of the water-works company. He established the telephone system of the village and opened up and improved the Lake Park cemetery, of which he is still one of the owners and a member of the board of trustees. He is also the treasurer of the local board of the State Building & Loan Association. He is a man of sound judgment in business affairs, and his wise counsel has proven an important factor in the successful conduct of many of the leading business concerns of Swedesboro. He has done much to improve property in the town, and the village certainly has reason to be grateful to him for his efforts in its behalf. His own home here is one of the most attractive residences in the town. Its gracious hospitality is dispensed by the lady who prior to her marriage to Mr. Rulon was Miss Mary Anna Black. She is a daughter of Alexander Black, one of the early and honored citizens of the county, and now has two children : Carrie, the wife of Robert Gwynne, of Salem : and Mary Emma, at home. Socially Mr. Rulon is a Mason, belonging to Swedesboro Lodge, No. 157; Salome Chapter, No. 19, at Camden; and to Mary Commandery, No. 36, of Philadelphia. He also holds membership relations with Metro- politan Lodge, No. 227, K. of P., of Philadelphia, with Covenant Lodge, No. 14, L O. O. F., and the Encampment, No. 36, both of Philadelphia. He is the secretary of his Masonic blue lodge, and was largely instrumental in founding the same. His father was a Friend, his mother an Episcopahan, and he and his family attend the Episcopal church. In his political views he is a stanch advocate of the Republican party, deeply interested in all that pertains to its growth and success. In all the active affairs of business life COXGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 469 he has borne an unassailable reputation, and through his capable manage- ment, keen discernment and honorable efforts he has gained a position among the wealthy residents of his county. The development of the state is due to such men, whose indomitable energy and progressive spirit have overcome all obstacles and reached the goal of prosperity. He is not so abnormally developed as to be called a genius, but is one of the strongest because one of the best balanced, the most even and self-masterful of men, and he lias ,acted his part so well in both public and private life that Xew Jersey has lieen enriched 1)y his example, his character and his labor. REUBEN TOWXSEND. One of tlie veneralile citizens of Cape May Court House is Reuben Townsend, who has now passed the eighty-second mile-stone on life's jour- ney. His has been an active and useful career, characterized by fidelity to duty and' by honesty in all business affairs, — qualities which have won him a place among the honored residents of his native county and made his example one well worthy of emulation. Mr. Townsend was born at Ocean A^iew, December 20, 181 7, and is a descendant of Sir Charles Townsend, of England. The family was founded in America l)v two lirothers, John and Svlvanus Townsend, who came to this country in the early part of the seventeenth century. Throughout the colonial epoch of our country's history, through the Revolutionary period and the age of the latter-day progress and development, therefore, the Town- sends have been connected with the events which mark the annals of this republic. John Townsend became the founder of the branch of the family whose representatives are now- found in New Jersey, Philadelphia and other adjoining sections. He first located on Long Island, whence he removed to Ocean View, where he built and operated a mill. Subsequently he went to Townsend's Inlet, Cape ]May county, where he purchased six hundred and forty acres of land. His children were Richard, Robert, Sylvanus and Sarah. Of these, Richard Townsend was the great-great-grandfather of our sub- ject. He went to Philadelphia, but later purchased land and settled in Dela- ware. He married ^lillicent Somers. of Somers' Point, New Jersey, June 16, 1704, and their children were Phoebe, John, Hannah, Richard, Syh'anus, Isaac, Alillicent. Samuel, Robert, Daniel and Jacob. The great-grandfather of our subject was John Townsend, who died in 1785. He married Sarah Brandreth, and thev had four children: Amv, Millicent, David and Rachel. 470 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST The mother died, and in 1740 John Townsend married Tabitha Young, by whom he had the following children: Henry Y.. Tabitha. John. Sarah. Judith. Hannah. Rachel and Joshua. The eldest of these, Henrj^ Young Townsend. was the grandfather of our subject. He engaged in sur- veying and in dealing in real estate; but when the colonies attempted to throw ofY the yoke of British tyranny he put aside all personal considerations and aided in the struggle for independence until England acknowledged the sovereignty of this republic. He afterward represented his district in the state legislature and was a very influential and honored citizen. He was twice married, his first union being with Priscilla Ludlum. by whom he had two children. — Tabitha and Reuben. His second wife was Miss Edith Swain, and their children were Joshua. Henry and Priscilla. Joshua Townsend. the father of our subject, was born at Seaville or Ocean View, on the 9th of July. 1786. and while a young man served as first lieu- tenant in a company from Cape ^lay county that entered the countr>-'s senice in the war of 1812. He was also very prominent in political affairs, and his strong individuality and mentality well fitted him for a position of leadership. He served as a member of the general assembly in 1819. 1821, 1822 and 1823. was a member of the legislative council from 1827 until 1830, also from 1831 until 1834. and in 1840 was a presidential elector, casting his ballot for Harrison and Tyler. His political support was given the Whig party until its dissolution, when he joined the ranks of the new Republican party, for he was a stanch abolitionist and gave his support to the organiza- tion which was formed to prevent the further extension of slavery'. He was a faithful and earnest worker in the Baptist church, gave the ground on which Calvary church at South Seaville was erected, and in other ways advanced the cause of Christianity among men. He disliked oppression and was a bitter foe to injustice and deceit. In his character were many noble elements and he enjoyed the confidence of all with whom he came in contact. Joshua Townsend was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Schillinger. of that place, and they became the parents of these children : Aaron, who was bom in September. 1810: Mary, born April 2^. 1812. became the wife of Uriah Hewitt; Reuben, who is the third of the family; James, born April 13. 1816: became the wife of Henry Young; William, born November 25. 181S. wedded Mary Leaming; Isabella, bom October 30, 1820. became the wife of John Stevens, a Delaware pilot; Caroline, born August 3. 1823, became the wife of John L. Smith; and Elizabeth, born July 17. 1831. became the wife of Daniel H. Wheaton. of Sea Isle. The father of these children died in 1868, at the age of eighty-three years, and the mother's death oc- curred in her eighty-first year. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 471 Reuben Townsend, wliose name introduces this review, is a worthy repre- sentative of an honored family whose prominence in public afifairs has inter- wo\en the name with the history of the state. He pursued his education in the schools of Ocean View until twenty-one years of age, when he put aside his text-books and learned the carpenter's trade. Subsequently he engaged in the insurance business for thirty years, and during that time wrote policies to the amount of four million dollars, for the Cumberland Mutual Fire In- surance Company. He has also followed farming, and is the owner of two hundred acres of valuable land, but is not now actively connected with busi- ness affairs. However, he has for several years been a director in the Cumberland Mutual Fire Insurance Company, but is practically living re- tired, enjoying a well earned rest. In 1844 Mr. Townsend married Miss Julia Learning, and for forty years they traveled life's journey together, sharing the joys and sorrows, the ad- versity and prosperity, which checker the lives of all. In 1884, however, Mr. Townsend was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died at the age of fifty-five years. Their children were Pennington Somers. who died at the age of six years; Augusta, who died at the age of sixteen months; Lucien B., who died aged two years; Florence L., who married Rev. Charles War- wick, now the pastor of the Diamond Street Baptist church, of Philadelphia. In his political views Mr. Townsend is a Republican and has taken an active part in promoting the interests of the party. He is an earnest and faithful member of the Baptist church, in which he served as the chairman of the board of trustees for fifteen years, and to its support he contributed liberally. Over the record of his life there falls no shadow of wrong, for in all the rela- tions of his public and private career he has been true to his God, to himself and his countrv. RICHARD J. CLARK. An enterprising merchant of Wenonah is Richard J. Clark, who is suc- cessfully conducting a general store. He was born in Glassboro, Gloucester county, March 31, 1855, and is a son of Benjamin and Mary C. Clark, also natives of the same county, the former born August 11, 181 1, the latter August 13, 1813. Our subject spent the first thirteen years of his life in his native town and then accompanied his parents on their re- moval to Ewan. New Jersey, in 1868. He pursued his education in the common schools and remained upon the home farm until 1876, when he turned his attention to mercantile pursuits, becoming a salesman in the store of his brother, .A. S. Clark, of Ewan. For four vears he was there em- 472 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ployed, and in 1880 he went to Winslow, Camden county, New Jersey, where he accepted a clerkship in the store of Hay & Company, with whom he re- mained two years. In March. 1883. he was employed as a clerk by his brother, R. C. Clark, at Hurffville. continuing in that position until 1885, when he purchased the store, stock, fixtures and business of B. F. Coles, of Wenonah. He has since conducted a general merchandising business here, and now has a well appointed store, stocked with everything found in a first-class establishment of the kind. His business methods are those which win the public confidence and therefore the pubHc support. He is diligent and persevering, and is strictly honorable and reliable, never mis- representing his goods, and striving only by just methods to gain the public patronage. In 1890 Mr. Clark was united in marriage to Miss Martha McCracken, of Hurffville, New Jersey, and they have two children, — Raymond J. and Herbert, — aged respectively five and three years old. The parents are members of the Presbyterian church and are widely and favorably known in Wenonah. Mr. Clark's business career has been characterized by un- faltering perseverance, close application, and honorable methods, — qualities which never fail to bring success. A. W. CAREY, JR. In past ages the history of a country was a record of wars and conquests: to-day it is the record of commercial activity, and those whose names are foremost in its annals are the leaders in business circles. The conquests now made are those of mind over matter, not man over man, and the victor is he who can successfully establish, control and operate extensive commercial interests. Mr. Carey is one of the strong and influential men occupying a prominent place in industrial circles of Philadelphia. Tireless energy, keen perception, earnestness of purpose, genius for devising and executing the right thing at the right time, joined to everyday common sense, guided by great will power, — these are his chief characteristics. Connected with an important business interest of Philadelphia, the place that he occupies in commercial circles is in the front rank. Mr. Carey is a native of Delaware, his birth having occurred in Wil- mington,- in 1832. His father was a cooper, and he was early trained to industrial pursuits. After attending the public schools and acquiring a fair English education, he learned the trade of brick mason and later engaged in contracting in that line. In June. 1859, he entered the employ of Dr. <^tAJt^, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 473 S. S. White, a l)rother-in-la\v, and learned the lousiness of making teeth for use in dentistry. He mastered the trade in its various departments and as time passed was given greater responsibility, ultimately being made super- intendent, which position he yet holds. His excellent executive ability well fits him for the duties that devolve upon him, and imder his able manage- ment the business has proved a profitable investment. ■Mr. Carey was united in marriage to Miss Esther Rogers Sheppard, a daughter of Josiah Foster Sheppard, of Philadelphia. Her maternal grand- father, Thomas Mendenhall, had the honor of raising the first United States flag, ever unfurled to the breeze in Porto Rico after the war for independ- ence. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Carey have been born five children, four of whom are living, namely: James W., a resident of Wenonah; A, W., also of Weno- nah; Sarah W., the wife of John W. Cox, of Virginia; and S. R., of Wenonah. Since 1872 Mr. Carey has resided in Wenonah, going daily to his business in Philadelphia. He has taken an active interest in the welfare and progress of the former place and at one time was elected and served as its mayor. His political influence is given to the Repubhcan party and he keeps well informed on the issues and questions of the day. Of the Presbyterian church he is a valued member and has served as its trustee. His business record is a most creditable one and in social life he commands the regard of many friends. A. \\' . Carey, Jr., the sbn and namesake of him whose sketch appears above, was reared in his parents' home and supplemented his early educa- tional privileges by a course in the University of Pennsylvania. In 1895 he entered the employ of the S. S. White Dental Manufacturing Company and has risen to the position of assistant superintendent. He is a young man of marked business ability, and his ambition, perseverance and industry will undoubtedly gain for him a creditable success and win him a prominent po- sition in commercial circles. He belongs to the Presbyterian church, takes an active part in church and Sunday-school work, and by his sterling char- acter has gained uniform regard. " PIONEERING IN \VENON.\H." [Prepared for and read at the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the First Presbyterian Church at Wenonah. Thursday Evening, September 29, 1898. By .\ndre\v W. Carey.] A ready talker, and one possessed of good memory, might present at this time many things to interest you with the early history of Wenonah; but I can lay no claim to the first Cjualification, and the second is in my case much at fault, l)ut can doubtless be atoned for by what my friend. Dr. 474 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Bailey, may l)e able to recall for your eilificatioii, as \vc l)oth are lined off under the head of "Pioneering- in W'enonah." Pioneeering was not an entirely new thing- to nie when 1 found myself domiciled in Wenonah, having in the early "fifties" done some pioneer work in California, in the North West Territories and in British Columbia. In those experiences our greatest vigilance was to guard against a sur- prise or attack from either the unfriendly Indians or grizzly bears: whilst here in Wenonah were no wild beasts to devour one, nor savages to run away with your scalp; but there was here at that time an enemy to peace and comfort, sometimes hidden in the grass, sometimes confronting one in solid column, that I dreaded more than I ever did a surprise from either an Indian or a grizzly Isear, and that enemy to the comfort of our early settlers here was the sand-burr. Whilst in the early days in San Francisco, I. like hundreds of others, have gone to church on a Sabbath with a six-shooter belted around the waist, here one only needed a good knife blade to shave off the sand-burrs before entering a neighbor's house or our early place of worship. The first year of my residence here, we had no sidewalks laid, and the sand-burrs were so profuse between our fence lines and the present curb line, that one was compelled to take the middle of the road to elude so far as possible our common enemy. However, we braved it, we survived it. and to-day we can with pride claim that Wenonah is as beautiful as her name. In the limited time allotted, it would be folly to undertake to relate the many things connected with the early histor}- of this church. Ours is some- what out of the ordinary experience, as in this case, the church is the child of the Sabbath-school, and to our friend, Dr. George W. Bailey, more than any other belongs the credit for having started a Sabbath-school which was the parent of this church. This was twenty-six years ago, our first gather- ing in that capacity being in September, 1872, in the room now occupied as Sithen's store. Interest in the Sabbath-school being fully established, the same energetic leader secured the services of a local Methodist preacher in our neighborhood to give us a sermon in the same room on a Sunday evening. That Methodist brother is well-known to many of you as William Cattell, and he it was who preached the first sermon in Wenonah. and we all felt grateful to him and nearer to each other. This was followed at irregular interv'als, sometimes in the afternoon following the Sunday-school exercises, and sometimes of an evening, just as arrangements could be made; but most of these services were conducted in the waiting-room of the old West Jersey Railroad station, as we had been obliged to vacate our first quarters to permit its occu])ancy by Dr. Garrison, the owner, who had kindly COA'GRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 475 given us its use until he was ready to fit it up as a drug store. Before we left the old corner, however, we had several afternoon preaching services. One of these occasions I well remember, as an unusual downpour of rain made it seem very doubtful about securing attendance upon the Sunday- school, and we felt particularly disappointed, because Dr. Bailey had en- gaged the services of iMr. Brace of Blackwoodtown to preach to us after school, but we were highly gratified to find a good attendance at the school, and after its dismissal we began to rearrange the chairs, etc., in case Mr. Brace should come. The rain ceased falling, but the roads were in bad shape, yet a few of us lingered awhile, taking an occasional look up the road. I finally said: ''Well. I think we might as well make our way home, for there'll be no preaching here this day: it has been too stormy for Mr. Brace to get here." "Xow don't you settle down to any such idea as that," said Dr. Bailey, "for I believe he'll come yet; it's a hard pull: but I know the man too well to give him up yet;" and, sure enough, in a little while, along came our true and tried friend Mr. Brace. Upon other after school occasions, the late Mr. Harris, then pastor of the Woodbury church, and others favored us with a sei-vice. Our first organist in the Sunday-school was a girl in my class, Miss Fanny Clark, now Mrs. Howard Hendrickson, and the lady we had to depend upon to play the organ at our evening preaching services was !Mrs. Carey (my wife), who did her level best, just as we all did what we were called upon to perform. She could lead ofif the tune with her right hand quite well, and tumble in a pretty good home- made harmony with her left, and we all sung with gladness in our hearts. There were many experiences had then that could not be re-enacted. Sometimes we chipped in with the Presbyterian church of Glassboro, en- gaged a minister from Philadelphia, who would go down on Saturday night to Glassboro to preach for them in the morning, and one of their members who was a section boss on the railroad would gather up a crew and run the minister up to AVenonah on a hand-car to preach for us in the afternoon or evening. I think our first pastor, Mr. O'Brian, enjoyed that novelty once. I distinctly remember that on one of those occasions, the minister who was the victim for that experience upon a very windy day, made his appearance among us minus a hat. as it had been whipped off by the wind from his head and carried beyond recovery. There was one whose memory I recall in connection with our early days as a great helper who enjoyed a part in our primitive work when he would come down from the city to visit his children. He was a leader, an earnest Christian, who long since entered upon the heavenly rest. I allude to Mr. Eldridee, Mrs. Svnott's father. His earnest exhortations were alwavs stimu- 4;6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST lating and elevating, because liis lieart was w arm in tlie work for the Master. I will add .but one little incident that has been recalled to me, that when the excavation for this chnrch building bad been sufficiently completed for starting upon the foundation walls, my son James, then a little tot still in frocks, was enjoying himself about the work with his little wheebbarrow. when the idea suggested itself to the mind of one of the men engaged on the work to have the little fellow wheel the first stone into the cellar to be placed in the walls. That man I believe was George Dilks, who placed the stone on the barrow and started the little fellow on his way with the first stone to be laid in this structure. Jim was then just about the age that his son Allen now is, "just about such a lark."' These recollections could be extended to co\-er many incidents connected with the early days of our efforts to establish a permanent church here; but I fully realize that I have already exceeded the time allotted me. and will be glad with you to hear from our organizer. Dr. Bailey. reminiscp:nces and reflections. BV .ANDREW W. CAREV, ESQ. [Prepared For and Read at the Twenty-first Anniversary of the Sunday-School of the First Presbyterian Church, Wenonah, New Jersey, October 8, 1893.] I well remember with what pleasure wc celebrated the first anniversary of this Sabbath-School. It was in this chapel, in September, 1873. Be- ginning with a few^ persons, first gathered chiefly, if not entirely, through the instrumentality of Dr. Geo. W. Bailey, in September, 1872, twenty-one years ago, to a meeting held in the store-room of the house now occupied by Mr. Fisler, where with the presence and aid of several of the Wenonah House guests, the first Sabbath-school service in Wenonah w-as enjoyed, conducted chiefly by Mr. Stephen ]\IcHenry, a sojourner at the Wenonah House and subsequently for some time a resident of this place. During the week following this first Sabbath service, a meeting was held at the house of Dr. Bailey to enter upon a permanent organization of the Sunday-school. This meeting was composed of Dr. Bailey, Mr. Synott and myself. Dr. Bailey was called upon to preside. After some informal talk upon the subject it was unanimously decided that our school should be a Presbyterian Sunday- school. That matter having been decided, the next thing in order was to furnish the school with the requisite officers to conduct and maintain it. Here was a perplexing condition to be met and overcome by three modest gentlemen; but duty was paramount to choice, and so making the best of the CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF XEJV JERSEY. 477 situation, without wasting time in caucus, we nominated and elected each other to fill the necessary otTices. The result was as follows: Superintendent, Dr. Geo. W. Bailey; secretary, A. W. Carey: treasurer. Thos. W. Synnott; treasurer of Missionary Fund, A. \V. Carey; and librarian, Thos. W. Synnott. These officers were elected without a dissenting voice, and continued to fill their respective ofifices for several years; in fact, I believe in the case of the librarian, Mr. Synnott has held that position from the beginning up to the present time. So much for the organization of our school. Dr. Bailey was not slow in gathering scholars and arranging classes and in pushing into the work any and all who had any capacity to act as teachers. As a result we very soon had an interesting Sunday-school, well attended, and it was a pleasure all the week to look ahead to Sunday. A little later on. when the then owner of that building. Dr. Garrison, was readv to occupy it as a drug store and residence, our school was removed to the \\'. J- R. R- station, where it was continued until this building was ready for use. How I love to recall those early days; how when we had secured some one to preach for us in the evening, the announcement was carried out from the Sunday-school and the neighbors gathered for service; and how we used to tramp to the place of meeting, taking the middle of the road, for we had no sidewalks then, and the middle of the road was the only place free from sand-burrs. Dr. Bailey would carry from his- house a lamp or two, Mr. Synnott another, myself another, and our large family bible for the use of the preacher. Now you can not imagine how much we enjoyed those times. And why? Because we were building; we were looking forward hopefully and feeling assured of a brighter future, believing we should some time gain what we now all enjoy, an inviting pleasant place of worship, a regular min- istry and a flourishing, happy and useful church and Sabbath-school. Notwithstanding our efforts were crowned with success from the begin-* ning, it was step by step. Our first improvised pulpit was composed of an empty soap-box which I sawed down at a suitable angle and placed on a small table, hiding the roughness of construction with a small organ cover; and we all thought we had something quite nice, and I know we all richly enjoyed the clear gospel truths which came to us from o\er the old soap-box. Some of those who are still in the school will doubtless remember how we used to pen oft' the little folks behind a few home-made screens in this corner. Now see what a cozy little room the\' have to themselves. The first preaching service we enjoyed here was before the Iniilding was entirely closed in; the roof was on and the floor laid, and my recollection is not quite clear as to whether the building was sided in or not, but I think only 478 BlOGR.irillC.lL mSTORV OF THE FIRST partly so. However, Mr. Ih'ace, of Blackwoodtown. was to preach for us on Sunday afternoon, anrl tlicrc was sometliing to Ije done in gcttins: ready for it, so we started in on Satnrda\- afternoon to clear out the rubbish, and with rough boards we rigged up seats in regular camp meeting style read}- for the following day. I never enjoyed a service more than tliat one. However, there have been many I have enjoyed perhaps equally well, and to-day I am glad to meet with you upon this anniversary occasion. We have been highly favored and kindly dealt with, and it is fitting that we give expression to our thanks in these annual services. The older ones of us look back with pleasure as we trace the growth and dex'elopment of many of the young men and women of to-day who were once numbered among the little folks in this Sabbath-school, l)ut who are to-day in the front rank as workers, some in this, and some in other communities, but all I guarantee looking back with pleasure upon this as their early "Sabbath Home." I recollect that once in talking to this school I told a story of a little boy who said to his mother: "I see pictures with my eyes closed," and from his saying I drew a picture, the desirable side of which has been since realized in more than one instance from among our scholars. The saying of the little boy to his mother was after they had been travel- ing, and as he sat with his eyes closed, thinking over their journeyings, e\-ery- thing seemed to pass in review, so he had in his mind's eye a grand picture of all they had seen. So I often see pictures with my eyes closed, I look upon you now with your bright eyes and cheerful faces full of hope and promise, I will close my eyes and see what the picture is. Now in imagin- ation I behold these boys grown to manhood. Some of them bloated, be- sotted and profane; one engaged in a drunken brawl; another a burglar; another a murderer on the gallows; another occupying a solitary convict cell. And so with the little girls grown to women engaged in vices of various forms and filling dens of infamy. \Miat a fearful picture! I open my eyes, and how glad I am to see you as you are. I close my eyes again and another picture passes before me. Now I see these boys become men of sterling worth, filling honorable and re- sponsible positions in society. Some of them laboring for their Master in the Sabbath-school. One has turned his attention to law and is pleading the cause of the downtrodden and oppressed; another is a doctor of medicine and is ministering to the sick; another has become a minister of the gospel, a herald of the cross, proclaiming salvation in the name of Jesus Christ. I also see these girls, now grown to be lovely women, making their homes the dearest spots on earth, scattering love and joy about them CONGRESSIO.XAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 479 wherever they go. and making every one hetter for having been with them, and when I open my eyes and look upon you, how glad I am to know that this last picture may be the true one with you. Which one shall it be? It is for you to choose. These kind officers and teacliers to help you, but you are to decide. Let me tell you how to do it. Did you ever think how an icicle is formed? First, one little drop of water comes trickling down under the snow on the roof until it reaches the edge; it is not quite heavy enough to drop down at once, so it remains hanging there, out of the direct rays of the sun, and so instead of dropping off it freezes. The warm sun ajjove brings down another drop on this frozen one and it also freezes, and so it keeps on, drop by drop, until a beautiful long and large crystal is formed that next morning when the sun shines on it it glistens and glows in beauty, throwing out beautiful colors like the rainbow. You have often seen them hanging down from the eaves of your house or barn. Now did you ever think why these were so beautiful and pure? I will tell you why it is. This icicle was formed on the edge of a clean roof; -no soot or dirt had been thrown on the snow, but it was just as pure and white as it came down, from the clouds above. Now if some one had smeared the roof with mud or thrown dirt and soot among the snow, }-ou don't suppose you would have found this clear, sparkling crystal hanging there, do you? No, of course you do not, but in- stead there would have been an ugly, dirty, ill-formed thing, so offensive to your eyes that you would want to knock it down and break it to pieces to get it out of sight. Now you are forming every day, just like the icicle as it were; every im- pression made is the drop of water trickling down to the eave, received through the ear or the eye, and makes its lodgment on the heart. Every thought, every word spoken, each adds a drop. Every good act makes a pure drop for the crystal. Every time you make some one else happy by doing good, starts a pure drop running dovAti. Every time you ask the Saviour to help you to be good, he will warm the snow and start the drops going down, until growing hour by hour and day by day, you shall enlarge into the full beauty of Christian perfection, reflecting rays from the sun of righteousness to gladden all whO' look upon you. Now if you would crystallize into such completeness, you must keep a clean roof over you. Be careful you allow no nuid or dirt to remain to be covered in the \Ainter of your life. In other words, shun evil; go not in the way of bad people; brush away 48o BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST every evil word spoken, and if you find your little friends allowing their roof to grow dirty, help them clean it. That will ])C doing good, and will add a pure drop to your own crystal. GEORGE B. LANGLEY. The business interests of Millville have a worthy representative in George B. Langley, who is prominently connected with the industrial and com- mercial afifairs of the city as the proprietor of a large flouring-mill and also of a flour and feed store. The energy and close application which have char- acterized his Ijusiness affairs have made him very successful in his chosen calling, and he is to-day the possessor of a very comfortable income which has come to him as the reward of his own efforts. His entire life has been passed in southern New Jersey, for he was born in Salem county, on the 20th of October, 1842. The family is of English descent and of (Juaker stock. John Langley, the direct ancestor of the subject of this review, took up his abode in Cumberland county, at what is now known as Langley Fields, on the road between Millville and Bridgeton. He cleared and de- veloped that property and subsequently removed to a farm near Centerton, where he had extensive realty holdings. He was very successful in his business ventures and left to his family a small estate. In the neighborhood he was accounted one of the most prominent and influential citizens, and his name was interwoven with many events of public importance. He had a large family. Richard Langley, the second son of John Langley, became the father of our subject. The grandfather of our subject died at the age of sixty-eight years, and the grandmother passed away in 1849, at the age of seventy-two years. Richard Langley. the father of our subject, was born at Langley Fields, Cumberland county, in 1815, and acquired a district-school education. In early life he engaged in farming near Centerton, Salem county, upon the old family homestead, and in that neighborhood he continued to make his hom.e until called to his final rest. During the latter part of his business career he engaged in the operation of a flouring-mill at Willow Grove, where his death occurred. He was also the owner of three farms and in his busi- ness affairs was very successful, so that he was enabled to retire to private life eight years prior to his demise. His political support was given to the Democracy, and he was a stanch advocate of temperance principles and be- longed to the organization known as the Sons of Temperance. He held membership in the Methodist Episcopal church in Willow Grove and was CONJRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 4S1 a local preacher of that denomination. He married Keturah Garrison, and his death occurred in 1887, at the age of seventy-two years, but his widow is still living, having now attained the advanced age of eighty-three years. This worthy couple were the parents of seven children: George R., of this sketch; Hannah Jane, the wife of David Hitchner, a farmer of Salem county; Joel, who married Sarah Cramer, by whom he had five children: Albert, Russell, Lena, Achsah and George; Sarah, the wife of Mulford Haines, of Saratoga, Wyoming, the proprietor of large sheep ranches in the west; Mary, the wife of Robert Christy, a miller; Rebecca, the wife of Ephraim Harris, a dairyman; and Jemimah, the wife of John Collins. George B. Langley obtained his education in the public schools of Mill- ville, where he pursued his studies until sixteen years of age, during which time he became somewhat familiar with the milling business, for his father was carrying on that industry, and after putting aside his text-books he be- came his father's assistant and at a later date began milling on his own account. When he was twenty-one years of age he succeeded to the owner- ship of the flour mills at Millville, and when they were destroyed by fire in 1870 he replaced them with a well-equipped plant at the corner of Sharp and Canal streets. His present mill is supplied with all the latest improved machinery and has a capacity of one hundred barrels of flour per day, and two hundred barrels of meal. He does considerable grinding for the local trade and also ships his products extensively throughout the southern portion of the state. In this way he consumes one hundred and fifty thous- and bushels of grain annually, doing the largest milling business south of Camden. His shipments are not only made by steam transportation, for five wagons carry his products through the surrounding country, where he has an extensive patronage. He also- supplies the local demand through a flour and feed store, which he conducts on Main street in Millville. In all his business undertakings Mr. Langley has been very successful and his efforts have extended to many lines where his counsels and labors have been very effective in securing profitable returns on investments. He is a member of the board of trade, is the vice-president of the Cumberland Trust Company, of Bridgeton, the president of the Millville Stock Building Association, a director of the Millville National Bank, which is capitalized for one hundred thousand dollars, a director of the Ocean City Association, and treasurer of the Niagara Mining and Smelting Company at Salt Lake City, Utah, with ofifices at Philadelphia. These varied interests indicate his marked business ability and add materially to his income. During the civil war Mr. Langley manifested his loyalty to the govern- ment by enlisting in the Twenty-fourth New Jersey Infantry, in 1863, for II— EE 482 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST nine months. Tlie regiment was marched to Maryland and he was taken sick at Fredericksburg-, which caused him to be sent home. Soon afterward he married Jane A., daughter of Hiram Studams, a sea captain of Maurice- town, New Jersey, liis marriage taking place on the 27th of January. 1864, and they now have two children. — Edgar and Jennie Bertha. Mr. Langley and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and lie strongly endorses the temperance work and all movements and measures which tend to benefit mankind. In 1874 he represented his district in the legis- lature, has been a member of the board of freeholders and was the president of the council for sixteen years. In the discharge of his public duties he has manifested the utmost loyalty lo jirinciple, and his efforts have been productive of advancement along many lines of reform and progress. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to both lodge and encampment, and his life is consistent with his belief and support of all that is true and right. His reliability is above question, and his suc- cess has resulted from honorable dealing as well as from indefatigable energy, and he is worthy of the unqualified regard of his fellow men. JOHN PIERSOX. In Swedesboro not to know John Pierson is to argue oneself unknown. He is the oldest living resident of the city and his acquaintance embraces nearly the entire population of the place. Almost a century has passed since he opened his eyes to the light of day. a century fraught with mighty achievements and wonderful results. He was bom November 13, 1805, in what is now South Swedesboro, then called Battontown. a son of John and ^Margaret (Thompson) Pierson. The father also was a native of the same place and was a son of Zebulon Pierson, of South Sweilesboro. The three generations mentioned all fol- lowed blacksmithing in the town. The subject of this review has lived in his present home since 1837. a period of more than six decades. There is not a householder in the town that owned property here when he came into possession of his present home, and his property is the only piece that has not changed hands throughout this long period with the exception of the Episcopal church. Mr. Pierson conducted a blacksmithing shop until 1852. when he began building bridges and for some time was thus connected with the industrial interests of this section of the state. For many years he figured conspicuously in connection with public affairs and held a number of public offices. In 1844 he was elected a freeholder for a five years' temi, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OP NEW JERSEY. 483 and in 1854 was again elected to tliat olfice for a similar period. In i860 he was chosen to represent his district in the state senate, and in 1872 was once more elected freeholder, in which capacity he served for thirty-five years, discharging his duties with marked promptness and fidelity. In ])oli- tics he has been a Republican since the organization of the ])arty, and has labored earnestly and effectively in the interests of the party. In 1828 Mr. Pierson was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca H. Leap, a daughter of Thomas Leap. Three daughters were born to them, — Fran- cis, Sarah and Margaret. The last named became the wife of John Taggart and had three children, of whom but one is living, — Ella, — who acts as the housekeeper for her grandfather. Mrs. Pierson died in 1834 and J\Ir. I'ierson has never married again. He has ahvays resided in Swedesboro and by an upright life has commanded the respect and confidence of all. He became a charter member of Osceola Lodge, I. O. O. F., also belongs to Siloam Lodge, No. 67, K. P., and is a consistent member of the Episcopal church. His has been a long, useful and honorable career, and the respect and vener- ation accorded him are justly merited. D. HARRIS SMITH. Mr. Smith is a representative of_tWO of the old and prominent families of eastern New Jersey. His father, Simon B. Smith, was born July 31, 1828, and was a son of Henry Ogden Smith. The latter was a son of James Smith, who was of English descent and married Deborah Ogden on the 30th of April, 1799. They both resided in Cumberland county, New Jersey, prior to their marriage. The lady was a direct descendant of John Ogden, the founder of the Ogden family in America. James Smith died February i, 1810. By his marriage to Deborah Ogden he had four children: Sally Stratton, who was born March 22, 1800, and died on the nth of August of the same year; Henry O., who was born September 20, 1802, and died in 1843; Josiah, who was born April 6, 1807, and died on the 6th of October of the same year; and Sally Stratton, who was the second of the name was born September 23, 1808, her death occurring April 8, 1813. The mother of these children, after the death of her first husband, became the wife of Reuben Cheesman, on the 8th of May, 181 1. They had one daughter, Deborah Ogden, who was born January 31, 1812, and died on the 17th of October following. Henry O. Smith, the grandfather of our subject, married Rebecca Ben- ner, who was of German lineage. The wedding was celebrated March 4, 484 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST 1826. and they became the parents of two children: James B., born De- cember 8, 1826; and Simon B. After the death of his first wife Henry Smith wedded Jane Jones, on the 8th of December, 1831, and they had one son and one daughter, namely: Georgianna A., who was born October 10, 1836; and Robert P., born July 21, 1838. Simon B. Smith, our subject's father, spent his entire life in New Jersey. February 7, 1856, he married Esther A. Harris, a daughter of David Harris, of Salem county. Her grandfather also bore the name of David Harris and was descended from English ancestors who came to the New World at a very early period in its development. David Harris, the father of Mrs. Smith, married Mary Ann Ernest, a daughter of John Ernest, who was of German lineage. Their marriage occurred October i, 1829. The following are their issue: John E., born July 10, 1830; Mary Ann, February 22, 1832; David, February 2, 1834; Hester Ann, May 22, 1836; Josiah Smith, March 20, 1838; Abel. October 28, 1839; Edward Keasbey, November 28, 1844; Smith Bacon, March 7, 1847; and George Henry, February 24, 1849. LATIMER R. BAKER. More enduring; than any monument oi brass or stone is a beautiful citv that through many centuries fnay extend its influence over the social, com- mercial, and moral life of a community, and the man who founds such a city may well be termed one of the benefactors of the place. Along the entire Atlantic coast there is perhaps no more beautiful spot than Wildwood by the Sea. of which the subject of this review was one of the founders. Nature has here offered everv' attraction, and, improved by the artistic taste of Mr. Baker, its beauties far exceed those of many of the older summer resorts. Towering trees, little inland lakes, flowers of every hue and variety, magnifi- cent beach and the grand old ocean add to the charm and attractiveness of the scene. In developing W'ikhvood, Mr. Baker has performed in a very short time what seems almost an incredible task, but his great energy, resolute purpose and undaunted perseverance have enabled him there to build a town that is indeed a monument to him. He is a son of Jacob and Catharine (Pontius) Baker, and was educated in the New Berlin Seminary, of Union county. Pennsylvania. After leaving school he engaged in teaching and subsequently carried on mercantile business, and with his brother Phillip estabhshed a store in Vineland, New Jersey, where he remained for fifteen years as a ^*^^2^^^^5?^^^^ y^Cy^ .y^Si^^'^fe^ 5 CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 485 "member of the firm of Baker Brothers, a connection that continued until 1884, when they purchased an interest in a tract of land, — the present site of Holly Beach. Until 1888 he devoted his energies to the development of that place, and then withdrew and associated himself with the Wildwood Beach Company, of which he was elected the treasurer. Two hundred acres of land were purchased, then a tract of woods and sand hills. Beautiful homes of all styles of architecture have been erected in various parts of this resort, and the landscape gardener has supplemented nature in its efforts to make this one of the most delightful resorts on the Atlantic. The woods present many remarkable curiosities in the shape of the trees, many of which have taken upon themselves extremely unique and w^eird forms, as though their growth was guided by some fanciful and grotesque mind. Flowers grow here in the greatest profusion, and it is claimed by many of the visitors that their variety and fragrance excel those to be found in any other place in this country. Many botanists come here to study plant life, and artists transfer the beautiful tints to canvas. A splendid beach furnishes every at- traction to the lover of surf bathing, the long stretch of hard sand gradually sloping outward, thus providing a place of absolute safety for those who enjoy aquatic sports. There are also beautiful inland lakes and wooded drives and the place is indeed ideal. The attractions and amusements which are the inventions of man are not wanting, there being a fine pier, merry-go- rounds, dancing halls, shufHe-boards, shooting galleries and a fine casino hall. An auditorium is also provided for the accommodation of religious bodies who visit Wildwood by the Sea. There is a perfect system of water-works erected at a cost of forty thousand dollars, the water being supplied by two artesian wells. There is also a perfect sewerage system, a well equipped fire department, and electric-light system, and since 1894 there has been a com- plete and smoothly conducted borough organized. To. Mr. Baker is largely due the growth and development of this place, as he has ser\'ed as the mayor for the past five years and recently has been re-elected, he has put forth every effort to promote the interests and add to the attractiveness of the town. In his political affiliations he is a Demo- crat, and religioush' he is connected with the Swedenborgian church. In 1878 he was united in marriage to Miss Eloise Johnson, of Brooklyn, New York, and to them was born a son, Lester Everett, who is now deceased. Mr. Baker is a man of marked enterprise and executive ability, who carries forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes. Wildwood by the Sea has already become a beautiful town of several hundred homes, and under his guidance it is destined to take rank with the best known and most popular sea-side resorts. 486 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST WILDER H. WASHBURN. The town of Wildwood largely stands as a monument to the skill and enterprise of this gentleman, a leading contractor who in the active affairs of life has steadily worked his way upward until he occupies a position of afifluence, — the result of his own well directed efforts. Of one of the old and honored New England families he is a representative, his ancestors having come to the shores of the New World on the Mayflower. Joseph Washburn, the grandfather of our subject, was a resident of Minot, Maine, where he learned the carpenter's trade and followed contracting and build- ing. He was very successful in that line of work and also in farming, which he followed to some extent. During the war of 1812 he served his country by building fortifications and block-houses. His political support was given the Democratic party. He married Miss Mary N.- Noyes, and to them were born three children, Daniel, Mary and James. Both he and his wife died when eighty-four years of age. Daniel Washburn, the father of our subject, was born in Minot, Maine, in 1815, learned the carpenter's trade, and took many contracts for the erec- tion of buildings. He also engaged in merchandising in Vineland, New Jersey, where he resided for thirty years. He held a number of local offices, including that of township committeeman, and gave his political support to the Democracy. He married Miss Louisa Francis, and they became the parents of two sons and three daughters: Joseph Henry, who served in the civil war and died of disease contracted in the army. Mary Frances, the wife of Hon. F. Burgoyne, a druggist, by whom she has three children, — Ella, Eva L. and Genie; Helen, who died at the age of sixteen years; Imo- gene, who married a man named Osgood, a salesman; and the youngest is Wilber H. After the death of his first wife the father married Jane Harris, and when she, too, had passed away, he wedded Hannah Beam. Wilber H. Washburn is a native of Maine, his birth having occurred in Bradford, in the Pine Tree state, November 15, 1858. During his early boyhood he accompanied his parents on their removal to Vineland, New Jersey, where he pursued the studies embraced in a common English course. He then learned the carpenter's trade of his father, and worked with him until twenty-two years of age, when he entered a shoe factory, wdiere he remained four years. He was afterward engaged in contracting on his own account at Vineland, where he remained until his removal to Wildwood in 1889. The growth of this beautiful place has been very rapid, and to Mr. Washburn has been apportioned a large part of the building business. He took the contract for the erection of Marine Hall, for many of the cottages CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 487 and hotels and for the Baptist church. He furnishes employment to thirty men, and receives a very liberal patronage, for he faithfully fulfills his part of a contract, is prompt and reliable, and in all his dealings is strictly honorable. On the 23d of March, 1878, Wilber H. Washburn was united in marriage to Miss Rosanna Mole, a daughter of Thomas Mole, who was born in Aspen, Berkshire, England. Coming to the United States, he is now a resident of Vineland, New- Jersey, where he follows carpentering. Mrs. Washburn is one of a family of four children, and by her marriage she has become the mother of five children: Elizabeth Frances, Anna, Eva Louise, Lena May and Rosalie. Mr. Washburn votes for the measures of the Democracy, has served as assessor of Wild wood, and has been a member of the common council for two years. He was also a member of the New Jersey state militia for five years and at all times is a loyal and public-spirited citizen who does all in his power to promote the interest of the community along the lines of progress and substantial advancement. CHARLES P. ELDREDGE. Charles P. Eldredge, who for many years has been a pilot on the Dela- virare river, was born in Cape May, on the 24th of May, 1857, and is a son of WiUiam C. and Abigail (Schillinger) Eldredge. His paternal grandfather, Enoch Eldredge, served as a soldier in the war of 1812 and for many years resided in what is now West Cape May, where his death occurred. The maternal grandfather, Charles Schillinger, was born September 24, 1792, was reared on Cape Island, became a pilot on the Delaware river and resided in the city of Cape May, where he died of yellow fever, his death occurring July 9, 1823. He had three children, — EHzabeth, the wife of Albert Hughes; Enos, and Abigail, the mother of our subject. William C. Eldredge, the father, was born in Cape May August 16, 1820, obtained his education in the common schools and resided in the place of his nativity until 1897, when he went to Philadelphia, where he is now living retired. His wife, who was born September 5, 1820, passed away on the 26th of March, 1872. They were the parents of five children, among them Henry H., Enoch and Charles. The father was a pilot on the Dela- ware river for many years and belonged to the Pilots' Society. He also held a membership in the Presbyterian church, and in his political faith was a Democrat. To the public schools of his native town Charles P. Eldredge is indebted 488 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST for tlie educational privileges which he received. At the age of sixteen, however, he put aside his text-books and became an apprentice on a pilot boat, his term of service covering a period of six years. It requires great care, closer application and longer time to master the duties of the pilot than to learn any of the mechanical trades to which men devote their ener- gies, for not only must the pilot know how to manage the vessels but also must be so familiar with the river that he can tell the exact situation by the objects along the shore and by the river bed, whose winding course he can easily follow, knowing its depths and its shallows, its treacherous places and its course of safety. Such a knowledge has Mr. Bennett. He received the second-class license, together with eighteen men who passed the examination for full pilots, and since that time he has been guiding the mighty vessels engaged in the traffic of this section of the country. On the 17th of May, 1881, Mr. Eldredge was married to Miss Julia Cresse, a daughter of Joseph L. and Elizabeth (Gregory) Cresse. They now have three children: Lorena C, \Mnfield Scott and EUzabeth C. David Cresse, the grandfather of Mrs. Eldredge, was born at Cape May, December 19, 1799, and died October 18, 1849, at the age of fifty years. He was a farmer and miller and resided at Cold Spring. In his business dealings he was quite successful, acquiring a valuable property. In his political affilia- tions he was a Republican, and in his religious belief was a Methodist. He was married to Miss Maria Learning, who was born August 4, 1806, and died February 28, 1875, at the age of fifty-nine years. Their children were Joseph L.,the father of Mrs. Eldredge; William, who was three times married; Jane, the wife of James Crowell; Hannah, the widow of Clement Reeves; Anthony, a farmer who served for nine months in a New Jersey regiment in the civil war and married Elizabeth M. Reeves; Ella, the wife of Clinton Hand; and Julia, deceased. Joseph L. Cresse was born June 18, 1831, was educated in the district schools and became a farmer of Cold Spring. He carried on agricultural pursuits throughout his entire life and also was con- nected with the fishing interests of this section of the state. By his ballot he advocated the principles of the Republican party. He married Elizabeth Gregory, a daughter of William Gregory, who was born in New York city, January 17, 1803. He removed to Cape May, where he died April 20, 1883, at the advanced age of eighty years. He was a tailor by trade, but conducted a hotel at Cold Spring and also engaged in farming, owning a rich tract of land near that place. His political support was given the Democracy, and in his social relations he was an Odd Fellow. He married Miss Van Kirk, who was bom July 24, 1804, and died July 28, 1884. at the age of eighty years. His children were William, Silas, Elizabeth, Douglas, Sallie, CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 489 Josephine, Mary Jane and Kate. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Cresse are Milton and Julia. The daughter is the estimable wife of our subject, and the son, who was born November 10, 1853, is a farmer of Cold Spring, Cape May county. He married Hannah Leaming. Mr. Eldredge is a valued representative of several civic societies. He holds membership in Cape Island Lodge, No. 30, F. & A. M., the Order of Red Men, the Pilots' Society, the Improved Order of Heptasophs and the Ancient Order of United \\'orkmen. He also belongs to the Presbyterian church, and his has been an active, useful and honorable life, marked by devotion to every duty. WILLI A]M A. CARPENTER. William A. Carpenter, of Pennsville, Salem county. New Jersey, is a son of William J. and Amanda (Zane) Carpenter and was born in this village May 8, 1857. His grandfather was ^^'illiam Carpenter, of Finn's Point, now Fort ]\Iott, where he was one of the most prominent residents and where he died. He had three children, John, William F. and Mary, who married a Mr. Davis. \Villiam F. Carpenter, the father of our subject, was born about the year 1826 at Finn's Point, this county, and was a fisherman at Pennsville, where he resided at the time of his death. He was a Democrat but took little active part in poHtics. He was married to Miss Amanda Zane, who died in 1869, after presenting him with four children, — William A., Eliza, Emma and Fur- man L. William A. Carpenter attended the public schools and then entered the stores of Samuel Lecroy and Jones \\'. Powers as a clerk. In 1887 he em- barked in the general mercantile business on his own account and has built up a nice patronage of most desirable customers. He is also engaged in the fish business and manages his affairs in such a business-like manner that it brings him a neat income and places him on a sound financial basis. He is a stanch Democrat and served as collector of Lower Penn's Neck township several terms, leaving the books and accounts in a shape that reflected credit to him and to the township. He is interested in the State Mutual Building and Loan Association, and is a member of the Junior Order of United Ameri- can Mechanics. He was married December 8, 1879, to Miss Sarah New- comb, a daughter of Daniel Newcomb, a carpenter of Church Landing. The name is an old and honored one in the state, and none who bore it occupied a more exalted place in the estimation of their fellow men than does the gentleman ^hose sketch appears above. 490 nioGR.irnic.iL historv of nn- first HON. Il.Win (). WATKINS. While tho disposition to do lioiior to tlioso who Iia\c sor\od well tlicir race or their nation is prevalent among; all enlightened people and is of great value everywhere and under all forms of government, it is particularly api^ropriate to. and to he fostered in, this country, where no man is horn to public otticc or to public honor, or comes to either by inheritance, but where all men arc ci|ual before the law. where the race for distinction is over the road of ]iublie usefulness and is open to every one who chooses to enter, however luuuble anil obscure he iua\' be. anil where the advantageous cir- eunistances of familv and wealth count, in the \;ist luajoritx' of cases, {ov but little or nothing, .\eeording to the true democratic doctrine they should ne\-er coimt for anything at all. L'nder our systeiu, whose very existence depends upon the virtue of the peojile themselves, who are not only the source of all political power but on whom also depends the very existence of our free institutions, those who lia\'e distinguished themselves in the public service, whether in statesmanship or in arms or in whatever sphere of useful- ness, shouUl not fail of recognition; and this is not only in justice to the people, who should not seem umuiiulful of great sacrifices or of great efforts in their behalf or of notable exhibitions of public spirit, but also in the interests if om- institutions themselves. In honoring those who have de- served well of the republic the peojile do cretlit to themseh'cs ami also thus sujiply a powerful stinuilus to honorable ambition to incite to lilce services or achievements or sacrifices for the public good. Hon. David Ogden W'atkins is one of the most proiuineut and distin- guished members of the New Jersey bar, and is now serving as United States district attorney of this state. While political honors have been conferred upon him in recognition of his marked ability, he is recognized by all parties as a leader whose prominence has been worthily won. He was born at Woodbury, June 8, 1862, and is of English lineage. He attended the public schools of his native town, and after mastering the common English branches of learning devoted his attention to farm work during the summer months. Wishing to enter the legal profession, he studied law at night when the day's labor was ended, and in this way prepared for the bar, to which he was ad- mitted in November, 1893, by the supreme court. He was licensed as a counselor in February, 1897, and his comprehensive knowledge of the prin- ciples of jurisprudence has enabled him to handle with comparative ease the intricate ]iroblems of law which are brought up for settlement in the courts of the state. His fitness for leadership has led to his selection again and again for CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 491 public office. He has served for four terms of one year eacli as mayor of Woodbury, filling the office from 1886 until 1891. After this he served as a councilman from the third ward of Woodbury from 1892 until 1895, and being re-elected filled that position until 1898. In March, 1895, he was chosen the president of the city council, and was elected to that position through two succeeding years. In 1899 and 1900 he has filled the office of city solicitor and has been counselor to the board of freeholders of Glouces- ter county. In 1896 he was elected to the general assembly by a plurality of one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, the largest ever given a candi- date in the county. In 1897 he was re-elected by a plurality of one thousand four hundred and eight, and in 1898 he was again chosen for the important office, running ahead of the other candidates by a plurality vote of eleven hundred and eighty-four. During the session of 1898 he was elected the speaker of the house, the first person from Gloucester county ever honored with that position. In 1899 he was again chosen the speaker, presiding with marked ability over the deliberations in the lower branch of the assembly. His excellent knowledge of parliamentary law made him verv' competent, and his fair and impartial rulings awakened the respect of his political op- ponents, as well as the admiration of his political friends. He became the acting governor of the state of New Jersey on the i8th of October, 1899, that office having been held by the president of the senate, Mr. Voorhees, from the 31st of January until the date upon which Mr. Watkins assumed the charge, the vacancy being caused by the resignation of ]\Ir. Voorhees. In accordance with the regulations made by the state constitution Mr. Wat- kins became the acting governor, and in the position he has alilv met every requirement, making for himself a most commendable record. He was appointed the United States attorney for the state of New Jersey by Presi- dent McKinley, in February, 1900. and the appointment was immediately confirmed, which office Mr. Watkins now fills. A valued member of social organizations, Mr. Watkins now belongs to Woodbury Lodge, No. 54, I. O. O. F.; Mariala Lodge, No. 9, K. of P., in which he has filled all of the chairs; Florence Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; and the Improved Order of Red Men. He is also a member of the Camden Re- publican Club and the Young lien's Repul)lican Club of Woodbury. By his irreproachal)le record he has been an honor to the state which has honored him. While undoubtedly he has not been without the laudable ambition which is so powerful and useful as an incentive to activity in public affairs, he has subordinated personal ambition to public good and has sought rather the benefit of his state and his fellow men than aggrandizement of self. 492 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST HENRY ALLEN. For more tlian tliirty-five years Henry Allen was numbered among the leading representatives of the agricultural interests of Gloucester county, and by the exercise of his business ability, by unflagging industry and careful management, he secured a handsome competence which classed him among the wealthy citizens of this community. His many excellencies of character also gained for him the high regard of his friends and all Avho knew him mourned his death. Henry Allen was born in Salem county, New Jersey, on the nth of August, 1820, and was a son of Hemy and Ann (Rogers) Allen. The former was born July 19, 1789, and died December 27, 1870, while the latter was born August 24, 1790, and died February 21, 1868. They were married on the 2ist of January, 1813, and became the parents of six children: ^Michael, the eldest, was born November 12, 1813, and resided in Lexington, Missouri, but February 6, 1873, died while on a business trip in the east; Margaret, born February 25, 1816, became the wife of Charles Engle, of Camden, New Jersey, and died December 5, 1868; Maria, born May 27, 1818, became the wife of James Thompson, their home being between Auburn and Sharp- town, and her death occurred March 14, 1884; Henry was the next of the family; Joseph R., born October 29, 1822, died near Woodstown, New Jer- sey; and Jehu, born April 18, 1825, died in Woodstown. Henry Allen, whose name introduces this record, remained in Salem county until about 1840, when he removed to Gibbstown, Gloucester county. He was married on the 24th of February, 1842, to Miss Catheinne Fish, a daughter of Isaac Fish, of Repaupo, New Jersey. Her death occurred Feb- ruary 8, 1869, when she had arrived at the age of forty-four years. Eight children were born of their union, namely: Ann, the deceased wife of Ed- ward G. Green, of Gibbstown, New Jersey; Maria F., the wife of Samuel Salisbury, of Swedesboro; Isaac, a farmer of Paulsboro; Joseph, who died at the age of three years; Eli, who died in Gibbstown, at the age of forty-five years; Margaret, the wife of Amos G. Hurf, of Swedesboro; Veronica, wife of Benjamin Weatherby, of Millville, New Jersey; and Kate, the wife of William H. Cozens, of Swedesboro. Throughout his residence in Gloucester county Mr. Allen followed the occupation of farming and a glance indicated to the passers by the careful supervision which he bestowed upon his place. He followed practical and progressive methods, understood the rotation of crops, knew what kind of soil was needed for the different cereals and so conducted his farming interests that he secured therefrom a handsome financial return that made him one of /Ptl-c^^^^-- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 493 the wealthy men of Gloucester county. He was at all times honorable and upright in his dealings and just in his relations with his fellow men, very loyal to his friends, and such qualities gained lor him the warm regard of all who knew him, and in his death the community mourned the loss of one of its most valued citizens. WILLIAM PLUMMER. I William Plummer, ex-surrogate and ex-judge of the court of common pleas of Salem county and a prominent business man of the city of Salem, is a son of William and Elizabeth (Keasbey) Plummer, his liirth having oc- curred in Lower Alloway's Creek township, Salem county, on the 17th of January, 1818. He is remarkably well preserved, and the aljility displayed by him in managing his varied business interests shows him to be the peer of any of the younger generation, although he has passed the eightieth mile- stone of life's journey. His father, William Plummer, Sr., was a farmer in Lower Alloway's Creek township and also conducted a general country store in Canton. In his political views he was a Democrat and held various local offices. He was the captain of a military company and served in the war of 1812. His services as an auctioneer were also in considerable demand, for he was regarded as one of the best auctioneers of his time in this section of the state. Twice married, his first union was with Elizabeth Keasbey, by whom he had the following children: William, whose name introduces this review; Edward, who followed farming in Salem county and who married Sarah Fogg and is now deceased; Jeanette, who died at the age of twelve years; Elizabeth, the widow of Isaac Allen, who followed farming near Salem, and by whom she had four children, two sons and two daughters — David, a farmer who mar- ried Mary Robinson; Thompson, who resides in Ouinton; Sarah, who lives with her mother in Salem; and Charlesanna, the wife of Samuel Hancock, of Dover, Delaware; Craig, who died in childhood; Charles, who married Ann Eliza Miller and is now deceased; and Sarah, who died in childhood. After the death of his first wife the father of these children married Mrs. Rachel McWilliams. They had three children: Emily, who died in childhood; Jeanetta, who married Belford Elwell ; and Amy, who also died in childhood. Wihiam Plummer, of this review, acquired his education in the district schools of his native township, and during the periods of vacation engaged in clerking in his father's store in Canton. On arriving at man's estate he was married, and about the same time entered into partnership with Joseph 494 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST A. Hancock in the conduct of a mercantile establishment in Canton. After two years spent at that place Mr. Pliimmer removed to Hancock's Bridge, where he engaged in merchandising for four years in connection with Josiah Thompson and afterward with William Morrison. Later he returned to Canton, where he carried on a general store for about seven or eight years, and during the same period devoted a portion of his time to farming. In the year 1857 he was elected the surrogate on the Democratic ticket and the following year removed to Salem, where he has since resided. He served for five years in the office of surrogate, and on his retirement from that position purchased the property along the wharf, and, in connection with William A. Casper and Charles S. Lawson, conducted an extensive busi- ness in buying and selling hay, grain and seeds. After three years Mr. Law- son withdrew from the firm, but the firm of Plummer & Casper continued operations for a short time thereafter. Another change then occurred, Mr. Casper retiring, while John S. Newell and Richard Grier became members of the firm. That connection was maintained for several years, since which time Mr. Plummer has been alone. He has carried on a profitable business and is widely known for his reliability and straightforward methods, his dili- gence and energ}-. In 1839 Mr. Plummer was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Carll, the eldest daughter of ex-Judge Ephraim Carll. Five children were born to them, namely: Elizabeth K., the deceased wife of George Hires; Sarah, the wife of George R. Morrison, who was the surrogate of the county for more than twenty years; Rebecca, the wife of Benjamin Patterson, the editor of the Woodstown Monitor-Register; William and Loren Pease. For several years William has been a member of the firm of Hires & Company, glass manufacturers at Ouinton, while Loren is the present surrogate of the county, having been elected to that oftice in 1897 by a large popular majority. Mrs. Plummer died in December, 1881. at the age of sixty-three years, and was mourned by a large circle of warm friends who esteemed her highly on account of her many excellencies of character. Mr. Plummer has been identified with a number of local enterprises which have been of substantial benefit to the city and is one of Salem's most popu- lar residents. He is the president of the Salem County Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of which he has also long been a director, and was a member of the school board of Salem, acting as its treasurer for many years. He also held different township offices and was a freeholder when the present clerk's and surrogate's offices were erected. He was also the judge on the common- pleas bench of the county court for eighteen years. A loyal adherent of Masonry, he is a member of Excelsior Lodge, of Salem. He is probably CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 495 best known, however, in connection with the politics of Salem county, where he has long been regarded as one of the active workers and most astute leaders of the Democracy of the county. His opinions have long carried great weight in the councils of his party and led to its success in many a doubtful campaign. Still active in business, his record should put to shame many a man of much younger years who, grown weary of the toils and strug- gles of life, would relegate to others the burdens which he should bear. WILLIAM PLUMMER. JR. William Plummer, Jr., is a native of Canton, Salem county, and a son of William and Rebecca (Carll) Plummer. He has been a resident of Quinton for the past quarter of a century and by his industry and good common sense has risen to an enviable place in the business world, while his future career is bright with promise. His father, whose sketch appears aliove, was a man of more than ordinary business abihty and has been closely identified with the various business and political interests of Salem and Salem county, so that the name is a familiar one to the citizens who hold it in high esteem. William Plummer, Jr., was educated in the common schools of Salem and at the age of eighteen went to Quinton as a clerk in the office of Hires & Brother, glass-manufacturers of that place. He was industrious and faith- ful to the interests of his employers and soon worked his way up to the position of shipping clerk and later as a member of the firm, taking an active part in the management of the business. The glass factory of Hires & Com- pany is among the largest in the state of New Jersey and employs a large number of people, making a specialty of window glass and in connection conducting a store which employs about ten clerks, in which they sell coal, grain, fertilizers, etc. Mr. Plummer is also a member of the firm of the Hires- Turner Glass Company, located at 626 Arch street, Philadelphia, opened in 1877. The factory was established in 1863 and does a large business. Mr. Plummer is a director and assistant secretary and treasurer of the Philadel- phia branch, and the firm is composed of good business men, consisting as it does of our subject and George and Charles Hires and John Turner. The record is one of which any man might well be proud, and Mr. Plummer is to be congratulated on achieving such a marked success. He was married in 1881, to Miss Rebecca Robinson, a daughter of Benja- min O. Robinson, a farmer of Quinton township. Their union has been blessed by the birth of four children: Jerome H.; Loren P.; Hannah R.. and William, Jr., — all attending school. Mr. Plummer is a Republican and is the 496 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST present postmaster of Quinton, having served since 1896 and before that from 1880 to 1884. He is a member of the Fenwick Club, of Salem, and the president of the Quinton Building & Loan Association; and any movement that has only the good of the community as its object is sure of his ready sympathy and assistance. SA]\IUEL W. DUNN. Samuel W. Dunn, a son of John C. and Sarah J. Dunn, has for many years been known as one of the leading and prominent business men of Salem, having throughout a long period been closely identified with the commercial and manufacturing interests of the city and the surrounding country. He is a native son of Salem county, his birth having occurred on the 23d of July, 1845, in the city which is still his home. His boyhood days were passed in this locality and his education was completed by graduation in Pennington Seminary in 1862. Immediately afterward he entered upon his business career as a dry goods merchant. In 1868 he became associated with the firm of Hall, Dunn & Hunt, in the manufacture of floor oil-cloth in Salem. From the beginning their enterprise proved successful, their trade constantly and steadily increasing until they were in command of a very large and profitable business. The product of their factory was of a superior grade, both in quality and patterns, and therefore found a ready sale on the market. For twenty-seven years Mr. Dunn was one of the largest manufac- turers of the county, but at the end of that period practically retired to pri- vate life, in September, 1895. He has, however, extensive real-estate inter- ests, and to his investments he gives his personal supervision. On the loth of November, 1870, Mr. Dunn was united in marriage to Miss Mary Hill Pennell, a daughter of William H. Pennell, a prominent dry-goods merchant of Philadelphia. Their union has been blessed with four bright and interesting children whose future seems to be very promising. Nellie Pennell, the eldest, was born in 1871 and is a graduate of Brook Hall, in Media, Pennsylvania; Samuel Herbert was called home to the higher life at the age of eight years, on the 5th of January, 1884; William Pennell, born October 6, 1877, is a graduate of the West' Jersey Academy at Bridge- ton, completing the course there in June, 1896; Norman Cattell, born ]\Iay 5, 1879, is a graduate of the Fort Wayne Military Institute of the class of 1899. During the summer season the family occupy a beautiful summer home in Salem, at northwest corner of Fourth and Broadway, but in the winter they spend their time at their Philadelphia residence. They are among ^^^^^^^^^.^ ^/y CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 497 the most prominent and highly cultured people of the community and enjoy the warm regard and high esteem of a very large circle of friends. 'Sir. Dunn is a member of Excelsior Lodge, No. 54, F. & A. M., of Salem, and was one of the charter members of Fenwick Lodge, No. 164, L O. O. F., which was instituted in 1871. He is also a member of the Manufacturers' Club, of Philadelphia, and for several years was a trustee of the Salem school board, as also a trustee of the First Presbyterian church of this city. His success has been the result of honest, just and persistent effort in the line of honorable and manly dealing. His reputation for integrity and able achievements is the best evi- dence of the high regard in which he is held by his associates and fellow citizens. His aims have always been to attain to the best, and he has carried forward to successful completion whatever he has under- taken. His life has marked a steady growth, and now he is in the possession of an ample competence, and more than all has that contentment that comes from the consciousness of having done his part toward improving the condir tions and advancing the prosperity and welfare of his native city. JOHN C. DUNN. Through many generations John C. Dunn can trace the ancestry of his family in America. They w-ere an old family of Penn's Neck township. Soon after the revocation of the edict of Nantes by order of Louis XIV in 1664, many Huguenots emigrated to this country to avoid persecution. Among them were two brothers, Zaccheus and Thomas Dunn. They were probably nati^•es of Alsace or Lorraine, and the former located at Piles Grove, while the latter took up his abode at Penn's Neck, where he had numerous descendants. In 1689 Thomas purchased a farm from William Penn, the same being surveyed«by Richard Tindall. It joined lands owned by Hans Cornelius and the widow Hendricks near Finn's Point. Thomas Dunn was a Calvinist and some of his descendants, with other settlers of the neighborhood, organized the old Presbyterian church at Pennsville. In the old family Bible is given the following' record : Ebenezer Dunn, a son of John and Catherine Dunn, was born on Wednesday, April 24, 1753. He married Abigail Copncr, on the nth of June, 1772, and after her death, which occurred March 5, 1780, he was married, on the 26th of July, 1781. to Mary Pedrick. His death occurred July 12, 1812. Thomas Dunn, the second son of John and Catherine Dunn, was born on Friday, January 12, 17^^. The other members of the family were: Jean, who was born on II— FF 498 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Monday, December 20. 1756; Sarah, who was born March 2, 1759: and John, who was born Januarj' 12, 1761, and died June 15, 1777. Samuel Dunn, a son of Ebenezer and Abigail (Conner) Dimn, was born May 4, 1775. and died July 5, 1782. He was the eldest of their children, the others being: Catherine, who was born October 8, 1777, and died April 6, 1780; and Thomas, born December 14, 1779, and died November 27, 1780. By his second marriage, to Mary Pedrick, Ebenezer Dunn had five children : Thackery, who was born April 23, 1782, and died December 16, 1792; Sarah, who was !)orn June jt,. 1784; Samuel, who was born December 17, 1786; Elijah, who was bom July 3. 1789, and died February 20, 1829; and Mary, who was born February 2t,. 1792, and died November 15, 1814. Of this family Samuel Dunn was the father of our subject. He was married December 26, 1807, to Gulielme Jeffries, who died April 18, 1823. Their children were : Sarah, who was born March 21, 1809, became the wife of Alpheus Bilderbeck in March, 1833; Eliza, born December 30, 1810, was married March 4, 1830, to George Snitcher; Mary, born January 29, 1813, died on the 2d of March of the same year; Rebekah, born March 27, 181 5, was married February 7, 1833, to Michael Powers; Ebenezer, born February 26, 1817, married Lydia Ann Tindall; Mar\\ born August 7, 1818, was married March 28, 1838, to Samuel C. Gilmore; John C, the next of the family, was born October 17, 1819; Elijah W., born September 14, 1821, married Sarah Eliza Newell, a daughter of Judge James Newell; Ann, born February 16. 1822, married Charles S. Gibbon. The mother of these chil- dren died April 18, 1823, and on the i8th of January, 1826, Samuel Dunn wedded Sarah Casperson. His death occurred February 6, 1837. The children bv his second marriage were as follows: Nehemiah, born November 4, 1827, died in January, 1872. He was married December 31, 1849, to Abigail G. Thompson, who died October 13, 1896. They had a son, Albert Rodger, who was born October 21, 1850, and w-as married March 26, 1873, to Emily Miller, of Easton, Pennsylvania. Tliomas, born October 13, 1829, was married May 31, 1870, to Mary Amelia Chew, and they have two chil- dren, Sara Maria and William Bruna. The former was bom March 7, 1871, and was married November i, 1898, to First Lieutenant Frank B. Watson, of the Nineteenth Infantr>', United States Army. William B. was born August 16, 1875. Caroline, the third child of Samuel and Sarah (Casperson) Dunn, was born August 27, 1834, and died December 8, 1836. Thacker}-, the youngest, was born April 28, 1836, and married Anna Scattergood. John C. Dunn, whose name introduces this record, was bom at Finn's Point, now Fort Mott, October 17, 1819. He came to Salem in early life to engage in the drs'-goods business as a member of the firm of J. C. & E. \V. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJJ' JERSEY. 499 Dunn. Later he became interested in the oilcloth business and opened a wholesale store in Philadelphia where he carried on operations until his death, doing a large and very profitable btisiness. His marked energy, unflagging industry and strong resolution enabled him to work his way steadily upward and to acquire, through well directed efforts, a handsome competence. In business circles he enjoyed an unassailable reputation, and wherever he was known his word was as good as his bond. Mr. Dunn was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Jane Bilderback. a daughter of Captain Charles Bilderback, who was born January 23, 1823. Six children were born of their union. Samuel ^^'.. who was born July 23, 1845. wedded ]\Iary Hill Pennell, November 10. 1870. Lydia Bilderback, who was born September 23. 1847. became the wife of Alexander G. Cattell on the loth of November, 1873. Charles Gilmore. who was born June 23, 185 1, married Ourilla Cressy for his first wdfe. while for his second wife he chose Miss Abbie Sheppard, whom he wedded February 4. 1897. and by whom he has one son. He was formerly engaged in the oilcloth business, but is now living retired. John C. born March 17. 1854. was married May 15. 1880, to Ella D. Duncan; He resides in Philadelphia and is the pro- prietor of the CamdeJi Floor Oilcloth Works. Lizzie was bom October 18, 1855. Ella, the youngest of the family, w-as bom Februan,' 6, i860, and died August 30, 1876. In his political views in early life Mr. Dunn was a Whig but transferred his support to the Republican party when it was organized and continued one of its stalwart advocates until his death. He belonged to' the Methodist Episcopal church of Salem and contributed to its support with a lavish hand, giving freely of his time and means when workers were most needed. He was an ofificer of the church during the greater part of his life, and the beau- tiful memorial window which was placed in the building in which he so loved to worship is a fitting tribute to the memory of a grand, good man. He lived to the age of three-score years and ten, and in the evening of life had no occasion to look over the past with regret or forward to the future with fear. His career was ever an honorable and upright one, worthy of the con- fidence and respect so freely given him, and his memory remains as a grateful benediction to all who knew him. JOHN C. DUNN, JR. In political and military life the opportunities for advancement are lim- ited. There is but one chief political ruler, one chief commanding officer in any army, but in the field of commerce the possibilities are almost limit- SOO BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST less, owing to the great variety of enterprises to wliich man may turn liis energies. It is tiie person of resolute purpose, keen sagacity and unfaltering determination that steadily advances, leaving the ranks of the many to stand among the successful few. This Mr. Dunn has accomplished and as a lead- ing manufacturer of southern New Jersey he is well known in business circles. He was born on Broadway, in Salem, on the 17th of March, 1854, and attended the schools of his native town until about eighteen years of age, when he entered a school in Norristown, Pennsylvania. He early entered upon his business career as a clerk in the retail dry-goods store of Pennell & Brother, of Philadelphia, and later went upon the road as a salesman for John B. Ellison & Sons, with whom he was connected for five years. He was afterward with L. D. Farr for six years as bookkeeper and confidential clerk, but later embarked in business on his own account, establishing an oil- cloth manufactory, in 1882, at the corner of Seventh and Jefferson avenues in Camden. There he is still doing business. The enterprise was put in active operation under the firm name of J. C. Dunn. Jr., & Company. On the death of his father in. 1892 our subject assumed full charge and the firm title of the J. C. Dunn Manufacturing Company was assumed. Fine floor oilcloth is manufactured and the entire product is sold by W. & J. Sloane, of New York city, and by them is sent to all the markets of the country. The plant has a capacity of one million yards annually, and in the manufacture of the oilcloth about one hundred men are continually employed. This is one of the leading industries of Camden, and the business is constantly increasing. Mr. Dunn is the sole owner of the plant, which is an extensive one, well equipped with all the latest improved machinery. The buildings stand on a large tract of land and there is about fifty thousand square feet of floor space. The site adjoins the West Jersey Railroad and thus excellent shipping facilities are secured. The machinery is operated by steam power, and everything is most complete in its appointments for turning out high- grade work. Mr. Dunn married Miss Ella D. Duncan, a daughter of David Duncan, and their union has been blessed with four children: Bessie Mabel; Walter Duncan, who is now associated with his father in business; Helen Cattell and Elsie Dewees. In his political afifihations Mr. Dunn is a stalwart Re- publican. He belongs to the Manufacturers' Club of Philadelphia and is well known in social and business circles, enjoying an enviable reputation bv reason of his straightforward methods and his many agreeable social qualities. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 501 C. GILMORE DUNN. The name of Dunn has long figured conspicuously in connection with the manufacturing interests of southern New Jersey, and the business ability of its representatives has brought to them rich and well merited success. He whose name introduces this review is one whose carefully directed eii'orts have enabled him to put aside the more arduous cares of commercial life and live retired in the enjoyment of the fruits of his former labor. His home is in Philadelphia, but he has a beautiful summer residence at Cape May, and on the Atlantic shore spends the hot months of summer. Mr. Dunn is numbered among New Jersey's native sons, his birth having occurred in Salem, on the 23d of June, 1851, his parents being Mr. and Mrs. John C. Dunn. He acquired his education in Salem Academy and became interested in the floor oilcloth business in Philadelphia. His father was one of the pioneers of the country in the manufacture of oilcloth, and when twenty years of age Gilmore Dunn became actively identified with the enter- prise, the management of which he made his life work during his active business career. The industry carefully directed brought to the owners a handsome competence and the business steadily increased in volume and importance until the sales were very extensive and their goods were found in all the leading markets of the country. Mr. Dunn continued his associa- tion with the business until 1896, when he retired to private life. He has been twice married. He first wedded Oriha Creese, and after her death married Miss Abbie Sheppard, a daughter of Dr. Sheppard, an old resident of Cape May county. They have one child, Marin Sheppard. Mr. Dunn is a member of Shekinah Lodge, No. 246, F. & A. M.. of Phila- delphia, and in his political views is a Republican. He is a man well known in business, political and social circles, and his opinions carry weight in all. His life has been quiet and uneventful, devoted to the duties of business and private life, yet showing forth the intrinsic weight of character that every- where commands respect and stands as an example well worthy of emulation. JAMES A. PORCH. James A. Porch, who died April 15, 1900. lived to be the oldest resident of Gloucester county. He was born in Hurftville, this county, September 16, 1810, a son of Samuel Porch and Edith, a daughter of James Abbott. His great grandfather, Samuel Porch, was born in the same county and passed there his entire life, as a tiller of the soil. He was a soldier of the 502 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE PIRST Revolution and fought in defence of his country under General George Washington. He died in Deptford township and was buried in the old family burial ground at Bethel, New Jersey. He was twice married and had three children : John; Polly, who married Nathan Wetherbee; and Samuel Porch second, the father of James A. Porch, who was born at Hurfifville, where he became a prominent farmer, but was prematurely killed by light- ning while working in the harvest field. His children were: Mary, who married John Barker, both now deceased; James A., and Samuel third. Mrs. Porch died at Williamstow-n, New Jersey. James A. Porch w^as brought up on a farm and followed that honoral^le vocation throughout a long and active life. He was but four years old when his father was so suddenly taken from him, and in consequence was adopted into the family of his grandfather, with whom he resided until the death of the latter. He then succeeded to his present farm, upon which he has re- sided for over seventy years. He was twice married. By his first wife, Massey \Villiams, were born two children : Joseph, who married Matilda Heritage and now resides at Dudley, Burlington county, New Jersey; and Mary, the widow of Cooper Orange. By his .second wife, Sarah, daughter of James and Annie Springer, his children were: Hannah A., Samuel and James, all now deceased; Martha, the widow of Robert Morgan; and E. Aliline, the wife of Augustus Stewart. His second wife died in 1878. Lewis Warwick, bom on the iiomestead farm October 31, 1847, ^^''^ adopted into the Porch family, with whom he has lived during his entire Hie, and now superintends the homestead farm. He married Miss Kate Jones and has one son, James P., who married Annie Cox. Mr. Porch, the subject of this sketch, served as a freeholder, as an over- seer of roads, was a Republican in politics, and was a member of the Metho- dist Episcopal church for over forty years. WALTER HERITAGE. Walter Heritage has for a number of years been prominently connected with the progress of many lines in Gloucester county, and his name is found on the roll of the leading farmers of East Greenwich township. He was born March 21, 1855, on the farm about a mile from his present home, and is a son of Charles Heritage, of Wolferth Station. His preliminary educa- tion, acquired in the public schools, was supplemented by study in the Friends' school at Mickleton and by one year's study in Kennett Square. On CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 503 putting aside his text-books he assisted his father on the farm until twenty- one years of age, after which he came to his present home, which is the birth- place of his father and is now' owned by his uncle, Benjamin Heritage, of Mickleton. He is a very successful raiser of garden produce and is a stock- holder in the Mickleton Hall. He has made a close study of the methods of cultivating the vegetables which find a prompt sale on the market, and the excellence of the products enables him to dispose of them very readily. His business efforts are now attended with a creditaljle and satisfactory degree of success. Mr. Heritage was married on the 5th of March, 1878, to Miss Susan R. Haines, a daughter of John Haines, of Mickleton, and they have two chil- dren, — Howard J. and Charles T. He and his family are members of the Society of Friends, and in social relations he is connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen of Swedesboro, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows of Clarksboro, and the Patrons of Husbandry of Mickleton. In politics he is a Republican, and since 1897 has been the assessor of his town- ship. He was a member of the township committee for six years, clerk of the board of registrars for se\-eral years, and is at present the secretary of the township board of health. He is also a member of the executive committee of the state board of agriculture, and was for many years a trustee of the Mickleton Friends' school. It will thus be seen how closely he has been identified with progress along various lines^ — social, political, intellectual and material; and at all times he gives his support and co-operation to the move- ments and measures which are intended to promote the general good. LUKE F. SMITH. Luke F. Smith, now one of the prosperous business men of Elmer, Salem county, within the past few years has laid the foundations of a fortune, at the same time affording employment to many of his fellow-citizens, thus becoming, in a nieasure, a public benefactor. Patriotism, integrity and industry, three essentials in a good citizen, were instilled into the mind of our subject from his earliest recollection. He is a descendant of Peter Smith, who established the family in this country at a very early date. His descendants now form one of the most numerous as well as one of the oldest and most highly respected families of Salem county. We have an account of but one of his children. Captain W^illiam Smith, who was an officer of militia in the war for independence, and distinguished him- 504 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST self by crossing a creek in the face of the enemy at Ouinton Bridge, Salem county, riding his horse over a single plank. He was bom December lo, 1742, but the place of his birth cannot be determined., His wife, Sarah Smith, was born October 24, 1744, and their children were: Lydia, who was born February 11, 1764, and became the wife of John Harris, who served in the regular army throughout the Revolutionary war; Oliver, born April 8, 1765; Phineas, born October 17, 1768; Hannah, who was born Sep- tember 14, 1770, and became Mrs. Sims; Millicent, who was born December 25, 1772, and died in childhood; Sarah, who was born October 19, 1775, and became the wife of John Blackwood; Mary, who was born March 18, 1778, and became Mrs. Simpkins; Washington; and Elizabeth, who was born April 27, 1783, and died in childhood. Of this family Washington Smith was the great-grandfather of our subject. He was born June 22, 1780, and married Mary Patrick, who was born July 13, 1784. Their children were Mary Ann, who was born January 3, 1801, and became the wife of Judge Ephraim Carll; Peter; Elizabeth, who was born October 20, 1806, and married Oliver Smith; John Patrick; Abner; Martha, wife of Abner Patrick; Phineas; Lucetta, wife of Richard Mulford; Samuel, who died in childhood; Lydia, wife of John Mills; and Washington. Peter Smith, the grandfather of our subject was born June 17, 1805. He married Elizabeth Ann Elliot, who was born February 28, 1808. His death occurred February 18, 1879, and his wife passed away December 16, 1880. Their children were: James W., who was born May 16, 1829, and died September 27, 1849; Jesse P., who was born February 3, 1832, and died July 8, 1833; Samuel P., who was born July 24, 1835; Ephraim Carll, who was born November 24, 1835, and died Octo- ber 15, 1898; Thomas Jefiferson, who was born April 21, 1841, and is a physi- cian in Bridgeton, Cumberlantl county, New Jersey; and Peter Elmer, who was born September 23, 1842, and is a farmer of Mannington township, Salem county. Luke S. Fogg, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born Feb- ruary 12, 1813, and died September 25, 1886. He married Ann Harris, December 8, 1836, who was born June 17, 1813, a daughter of Stretch and Rebecca Harris. She died December 17, 1841. They had two children — Hannah H. and John H.; the latter was born December 27, 1840. and died FebAiary 2, 1884. For his second wife Luke S. Fogg, March 29, 1854, mar- ried Phebe B. Mulford, who was born February 3, 1832, and died February II. 1884. Both of the wives of Mr. Fogg were great-granddaughters of Captain William Smith. Ephraim Carll Smith, the father of our subject, was born in Lower Penns Neck township, Salem county, and acquired his education in the schools of CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 505 his native town, in the Friends' school and in the Academy of Salem. Dur- ing his active business career he was engaged in farming, but in 1885 removed to Salem, where he lived retired. He was a prominent man, a Republican in politics, and a trustee of the Baptist church. He was very successful in his undertakings, becoming possessed of a considerable amount of the rich farming land for which southern New Jersey is noted. He was married January 16, 1856, to Miss Hannah H. Fogg, who was born September 7, 1838, a daughter of Luke S. Fogg, and the children born of their union are : Luke F. ; Anna Rebecca, who was born February 17, 185Q, and is the wife of Joseph S. Buzby, a farmer of Mannington town- ~ ship, by whom she has two children^ — Luke S. and Hannah S. ; JefTerson Warren, a farmer of Lower Alloway Creek township, who was born April 5, 1862, and was married November 17, 1888, to Miss Margaret W. Austin, a daughter of William Austin, of Piles Grove, by whom he has two children — • John Frank and Ephraim Carll; Frank Peter, who was born March 19, 1868, and died March 13, 1870; Phebe Fogg, who was born January 14, 1871, and died October 29, of the same j^ear; and John Fogg, who was born December 4, 1873, and is a graduate of the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania. The family are members of the Baptist church and are people of the highest respectability and worth. The sons give their political sup- port to the Republican party. Luke F. Smith, who was born in Mannington township, September 19, 1856, received a connnon-school education, and early learned the details of farming. He worked three years faithfully at his calling after leaving the schoolroom, but at the end of that period decided to undertake a connnercial career. In 1883 he went to Sharpstown, where he engaged in the canning business, and three years later he sold his factory there at a good profit. In 1888 he came to Elmer and purchased his present factory, since which time he has devoted his entire attention to the canning of tomatoes, for whicli product this region is especially noted. The factory has a capacity of from seven to nine hundred thousand cans during the season, and usually the demand of the trade is fully equal to the output. In addition to this flourish- ing business, which he handles with great system, Mr. Smith owns another factory at Alloway, where from five to seven hundred thousand cans of tomatoes are prepared for the public consumption annually. The brand which finds special favor and truly wonderful sale in all parts of the country is known as the "Jersey Red," and, as its flavor is uniformly excellent, it is always demanded by the housekeeper and purveyor to the public, v\dierever obtainable. From a humble beginning Mr. Smith has built up a large and coiistantly 5o6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST growing business, and thoroughly merits the high regard in which he is held by all with whom lie has had dealings. He is a trustee in both the Odd Fellows and Masonic lodges, and is much interested in the welfare of those fraternities. Politically, he uses his right of franchise in support of the Republican party. Socially he is very popular, having a host of friends in various parts of Salem county. W'.XLTER S. BASSETT. Walter S. Bassett, one of the leading farmers of Gloucester county and the postmaster of the Bassett post-ofifice, was born in salem county, New Jersey, in 1845. His father was the late David Bassett, an extensive stock dealer and farmer of Salem county. The Bassett family is of English lineage and was founded in America at an early day, representatives of .the name locating in Mannington township, Salem county, at an early period in the development of that section. Joseph, Benjamin and Elisha Bassett were brothers and the last named is the grandfather of our subject. He resided on the old Bassett homestead in Mannington township ^nd there followed farming throughout his active business career. His last days, however, were spent in Salem, where he died about thirty years ago, at the age of eighty years. His children were David, Edward, John, Elisha, Albert and Elizabeth. The last named became the wife of Biddle Haines. The family were members of the Society of Friends and the grandfather was a prom- inent man in his church, being regarded as one of the leaders there. David Bassett, the father of our subject, also resided in Mannington township, Salem county, for many years. He was reared in the usual man- ner of farmer lads, and on entering upon his business career, began farming on his own account. Later he removed to Salem, where he engaged in the stock business, handling stock on an extensive scale. He died in that city in 1880, at the age of seventy-five years. In his political views he was first a Whig and aftenvard a Republican. He married Mary T. Smith, a daughter of Evi Smith, a Philadelphia merchant, who removed to Salem and made his home there imtil he was called to his final rest. His daughter, Mrs. Bassett, survived her husband for about two years. She was the mother of four children : C. Edwin, of Pennsville. New Jersey, who died in 1895; Howard, who has also passed away: Mary E., the wife of Henry Hancock; and Walter S. The last named was born on the old family homestead in Salem countv. began his education in the common schools and afterward attended the CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 507 Friends" scliool in Salem and the Friends' school in Race street, Philadel- phia. At the age of twenty-two years he started out in business on his own account, and as a companion and helpmeet in life's journey he chose Miss Emma S. Black, the marriage being celebrated in Salem county, and the lady is a daughter of Alexander and Hannah (Rulon) Black, who re- sided near Swedesboro. The marriage was celebrated January 9, 1872, and has been blessed with six children, namely : C. Rulon, who was formerly connected with the bank of Philadelphia, but is now in Trenton; Alexander B., who is with the Cambria Iron Company of Philadelphia; Lucretia ]\I., at home; David B., an architect of Philadelphia: Ralph E. and Hannah B., who also are with their parents. In 1873 Air. Bassett removed to Gloucester county and located on a farm of two hundred acres, carrying on agricultural pursuits and stock- raising. He now has one of the best improved farms in his section of the state, the place being supplied with all modern accessories and conveniences, while the well tilled fields indicate to the passer by the careful supervision and progressive methods of the owner. He has also for some time been a director in the Piles Grove Creamery Company, and in all branches of his business he is meeting with success. Mr. Bassett has served as the postmaster of the Bassett post-office since 1891, discharging his duties in a capable manner. In politics he is a stalwart Republican, doing all in his power to promote the growth and secure the success of his party. He attends the county and state conventions and is deeply interested in political cpiestions. He is a past master of the Masonic lodge of Swedesboro, and his brethren of the fraternity presented him with a handsome jewel in 1899. He also belongs to the American Order of United Workmen of Swedesboro and is a member of the Grange. He and his family attend the Friends' church and enjoy the high regard of all who know them by reason of their sterling worth. JOSEPH K. WADDINGTON. The name of W'addington is one which is ineffaceably traced on the history of Salem county and figures conspicuously on the pages of the records that perpetuate the principal events from early colonial days down to the present time. Through several generations the lineage can be traced, and in each the representatives of the name have been men and women of sterling worth of character and strong intellectual force, typifying in their lives that unassuming industry, loyalty and integrity which have ever con- 508 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST served the progress and material prosperity of the nation. From an early colonial epoch the name has been identified with the great basic industry of agriculture, and through well directed and extensive enterprise in this line the various generations have lent new dignity to the time-honored art of industry. It is to be acknowledged unmistakably that no history pur- porting to touch this section of the great state of New Jersey would be complete were there failure to revert in detail to the record of the Wad- dington family. The original American ancestor was William ^^'addington, a French Huguenot, who emigrated to the New World about the year 1690, leaving home and native land, as did many others of his countrymen, in order to escape the persecution waged with such implacable animosity and cruelty upon a devoted people after the revocation of the edict of Nantes. In New Jersey he found a home and was permitted to enjoy that freedom to exercise his convictions which had been denied him in France. From Edward Wade he purchased one thousand acres of land, the same being the southern por- tion of the Wade allotment. There he settled and maintained his home imtil his death, and it is interesting to revert to the fact that this property remained in the possession of the family until within a very few years ago. William Waddington was born January' 13, 1779. and died January 30, 1823. He had one son, Jonathan, who married and became the father of the following named children : Jonathan (2d) married a great-grand- daughter of John and Mary (Chambless) Hancock, and he died in 1760, leaving one son, Jonathan (3d). This was at the time of his father's death, the only one left to perpetuate the family name in this country. He married Sarah B. Bradway, the daughter of Aaron Bradway, of Elsinboro town- ship, Salem county, and their children were: William; W. Robert, who married, but died in early manhood, leaving three sons, — Aaron. Samuel and James. Aaron, another son of the foregoing Jonathan 3d, married Sarah, the daughter of Edward Keasby, who was born October 5, 1760, and died November 26, 1805. His children were Joseph, born March 26, 1784; Bradway, born April 26, 1786; Prudence, born May 11, 1788: Sarah, born June 17, 1789; Mary, who was born October 11, 1791, and died October 7, 1803; Grace, born November 10, 1793; Elizabeth, January 15, 1798; and Edward, June 17, 1801. Aaron and Sarah (Keasby) Wadding- ton became the parents of three daughters and two sons : Sarah Ann, Lydia, Joshua, Bradway and Jane. Thomas, the third son of Jonathan 3d. was twice married, the children by his first wife, Hannah Potts, being Eliza- beth, Sarah, Mary, Jonathan and Thomas, while his second wife, Hannah Davis, bore him two daughters,- — Beulah and Jane. Edward W., the CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 509 youngest child of Jonathan, 3d, and Sarah (Bradway) Waddington, was the grandfather of the immediate subject of this review. Edward W. \\^addington passed his entire Hfe in Salem county, having been a prominent and intluential farmer of Lower Alloway Creek town- ship, wdiere he carried on agricultural operations on an extensive scale, owning a farm of two hundred and fifty acres. He was a man of sterling character, was a Democrat in his political adherency and was highly honored in the community. He was married February 2, 1809, to Prudence Keasby, who was born May 11, 1788, and was a daughter of Edward and Lydia Keasby. She was a woman of gentle and noble character, and died January 5, 1867, at the age of seventy-nine years, while Edward Waddington, her husband, died March 2, 1844, at the age of fifty-five years. They became the parents of eight children, of whom we ofTer record as follows : Richard, born October 23, 181 1, was a farmer of Elsinboro township and was twice married; Sarah, born October 23, 181 3, married James Smith, a farmer of the same township; Edward, born November 12, 1815, died November 3, 1834, at the age of nineteen years; Prudence, born May 5, 1818, married Ebenezer Barratt; Elizabeth, born March 5, 1820, married John Welch, a farmer of Kansas; Joseph, born May 15, 1821, was the father of the imme- diate subject of this sketch; Lydia Ann, born January 27, 1823, became the wife of Jonathan Bradway, a farmer of Cumberland county, but now of Salem county; and Rebecca, who was born October 13, 1825, became the wife of Samuel Borden, a farmer of Mannington township, Salem county. The original American ancestor, William Waddington, had but the one son, to whom reference has been made, but in his family were four daughters, concerning whom the following data are extant: Hannah married Maurice Beesley and became the mother of five children : Walker, who was killed at the massacre of Hancock's Bridge, in Salem county, during the war of the Revolution; Hannah married John Beesley, and her two sons. Walker and David, died unmarried, in early manhood; Mary married Peter Town- send, of Cape May, and of this union there was no issue; Benjamin died in early manhood; and Abner married Mary, daughter of John and Susanna Mason, of Elsinboro township, and their children were Marv, William, Benjamin and Thomas. Ann Waddington, daughter of William AVadding- ton, was married in 1750 to John BaraclifT. Elizabeth, third daughter of William Waddington, married Edward, a son of Jonathan Bradway, in 1760, and their children were: David; and Hannah, who married Job Stretch and had issue. Jane, the fourth daughter of WilHam Waddington, married Bradway Keasby, she being his second wife, and they had one daughter, Sarah Keasby, who married John, a son of Edward and Hannah 5IO BIOGRAPIUCAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Pancoast, and became tlie motlier of six cliildrcn, — Haiinali, Joliii. Israel, Jane, David and Aaron. Joseph Waddington, the father of tlie immediate subject of tliis sketch, was liorn Mav 15. 1821, in Lower Alloway Creek township, Salem county, and Ijecame a successful and influential farmer of Elsinboro township, where he took up his residence when sixteen years of age. He spent the last fourteen years of his life in retirement, making his home in Salem, and entered into eternal rest September i, 1895, at the age of seventy-four years, and the conmiunity mourned the loss of one of its leading and most honored representatives. He married Ruth Wright Appleton, a daughter of Joseph and Jane (Hewes) Appleton, who was born April 18, 1824, and was one of four children, the others being Sarah, George and Lewis. The father and mother both died man}- years ago, and Mrs. Waddington is now the only living representative of the family and almost the only one of the name in New Jersey. She is now seventy-flve years of age. LTnto Joseph and Ruth (Appleton) Waddington were born the following children : Emma, who was bom August 22, 1845, and is the wife of Gideon Peasley, of Gloucester countj. New Jersey, by whom she has three children, — Ruth, Hannah and Amos; Jane, who was born May 22, 1847, and died at the age of sixteen years; Elmer, who died in infancy; Tacie, born January 20, 1852; Joseph K., born June 4, 1854; and Lydia K., the wife of William ]Morris, of Salem; and Georgianna, born in May. i860. Joseph K. Waddington, whose name heads this article, and who is now a prominent merchant and representative business man of Salem, was reared on the old homestead farm in Elsinboro township, and in his early youth attended the district schools, but supplemented his preliminary educational privileges by a course of study in the Friends' school in Salem. In 1878 he began the management of the old family homestead, and for four years con- tinued its cultivation, after which he removed to a farm in Mannington township, which he conducted until 1888. He then came to Salem and has since been a very active figure in the commercial circles of this place. He purchased the Clement propert}' and store at Salem, and has since carried on mercantile pursuits, enjoying a liberal patronage along that line. He is also engaged in handling coal, grain and seeds, and is con- ducting an extensive business, his sales amounting to one hundred thousand dollars annually. His efiforts, however, are not limited to this undertaking alone. He is a man of resourceful business ability and his energies have enabled him to carry on successfully other undertakings. He is a director in the Salem & Philadelphia Transportation Company, owning a steamer on the Delaware river; is a director of the Farmers' Mutual Insurance Com- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 511 pany, of Salem county; ami of the State Building & Loan Association, and in all these undertakings his wise counsel and sound judgment have proven important factors in their success. In 1884 Mr. Waddington was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie, a daugh- ter of John R. and Lydia (Bassett) Zerne, of Salem, and they have three children: William, who was born in October, 1886; J. Elmer, who was born in 1888: Helen, born in 1893, and Joseph K., Jr., born in May, 1900. Mrs. Waddington is a member of the Society of Friends and is a lady of culture to whom is extended the hospitality of the best homes in Salem. Mr. Wad- dington, likewise, has a large circle of friends and is very popular in social and business circles. He is a valued member of the Country Club, of Salem, and of the Lodge of Heptasophs. In politics he is an earnest Democrat, has served as a member of the board of chosen freeholders, and is now the city recorder of Salem. He has for nearly two decades been an active factor in advancing the city of Salem, and during that entire time has so conducted all of his affairs as to command the esteem, confidence and respect of all classes. His actions have during his life been such as to distinctively entitle him to a place in this publication, and although his career has not been filled with thrilling incidents, probably no biography published in this work can serve as a better illustration to young men of the power of honesty and integrity in insuring success. THOMAS WILLIAM MILLET. Thomas William ]\Iillet was born in Philadelphia, October 3, 1852. and is a representative of an old English family. His father was born in Liver- pool, England, and during his early boyhood Edward G. Millet, the father of our subject, came to America, being the founder of the family in the New World. The family took up their abode in Philadelphia, where Edward, with two brothers, George and John, in 1835, established the Cen- tral spice mills. Subsequently he removed to Perkasie, Pennsylvania, where his last days were passed. Of the Masonic fraternity and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows he was a valued member, and in his political affiliations he was a stalwart Republican, giving to the party his earnest support. He married Miss Anna C. Zendt. and they became the parents of seven children : George W. ; Thomas W., of this review; Edward G. ; Harry F. ; Alfred; Abraham Lincoln; and Elizabeth, the wife of Irvin Dill, a real-estate dealer of Perkasie. The father of these children died at the age of seventy-six 512 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST years, but the mother is still living and has attained the age of seventy-three years. In the public schools of Philadelphia Thomas W. :Millet acquired his education, but just before the time of graduation he left the school-room and entered his father's spice mill and remained there for several years. In severing that business connection he entered the employ of the Knicker- bocker Ice Company, of Philadelphia, and subsequently was sent by them to Cape May to take charge of their business there in the capacity of super- intendent. This responsible and important position he has since ably filled and now has twenty-four men in his immediate employ, while nine wagons are used in the deliver)' of ice and coal sold by this company. ^Mr. Millet is an enterprising business man and his executive force and capable manage- ment have not only brought prosperity to the company which he represents but have also secured to him a ver>- excellent salary that places him among the substantial men of Cape May. He is also a director in the Cape May Building & Loan Association. iSIr. Millet was united in marriage to ^Miss Ida Virginia Simpson, daugh- ter of Edward Simpson, a shipbuilder of Philadelphia. They now have four children : Jennie, the wife of Harry F. Ettinger, the manager of the Western Union Telegraph Company and the Delaware & Atlantic Telephone Com- pany at Cape May; Ida V.: Sara E.; and Thomas W. The family attend the jNIethodist Episcopal church, of which ilr. ^lillet is a prominent and active worker, serv-ing at the present time as a member and treasurer of the board of trustees. He belongs to Cape ilay Lodge, No. 31, F. & A. M.. the x\ncient Order of United Workmen and the Independent Order of Hep- tasophs. A stalwart Republican in his political affiliations, he has been called to serve in various positions of trust and responsibility. For several years he was a member of the board of education of Cape May, and during that time many improvements were made in the schools and the new public- school building was erected. Mr. ^Millet always has given his support to the measures which he be- lieves would prove beneficial to the cause of education. He was elected the mayor of Cape May city on the 14th of March. 1898. defeating J. Henr\- Edmonds, and is therefore the chief executive of the city. His administra- tion is characterized by law and order, by progress and reform. His success in business life has come to him through energy, labor, and perseverance, directed by an equally balanced mind and by honorable business principles. In manner he is quiet and straightforward, saying exactly what he means without the employment of useless compliments, yet his social qualities CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJV JERSEY. 513 render him a favorite with all classes of citizens, and his career commands the respect of all. JOHN WOOD HANNOLD. Among the leading representatives of the agricultural interests of Glou- cester county and one well worthy of the esteem which is so frfeely and justly accorded him by his fellow townsmen, is J. Wood Hannold, who is identified with the farming interests of Deptford township. He w-as born in Paulsboro, New Jersey, April 20, 1842, and is a son of Frederick and Jane A. (Hendrick- son) Hannold. His father was a leading citizen, who throughout his entire life followed the river, sailing as captain on the Delaware. He died in Phila- delphia in 1882, at the age of sixty-six years. His father. Captain Frederick Hannold. was also commander of a boat on the Delaware river for many years. The maternal parents of our subject were Job and Permelia (Lock) Hendrickson; the former was a farmer of Greenwich township, Gloucester county, where he died about 1858. He reared six children, all of whom are yet living, their ages ranging from sixty to eighty-three years. At a birthday celebration of the eldest daughter in July, 1900, there were present tw-enty- nine grandchildren, eighty-one great-grandchildren and seven great-great- grandchildren, four generations being represented and all hale and hearty. The Hendricksons were among the first settlers of Swedesboro and were of Swedish lineage. The Hannold family settled at Paulsboro many years ago. The parents of our subject had seven children, of whom six are now living, namely : J. Wood, Samuel, William, Mary Ella, Evaline and Spencer M. John Wood Hannold w'as reared in the county of his nativity, and pur- sued his education in the schools of Paulsboro. At the age of twenty years he began farming on his own account, residing first in the neighborhood of Paulsboro, after which he spent six years in Cumberland county, moving back to Woodbury in 1878, since which time he has been a resident of that place. He now owns a farm about three miles from Woodbury, where he has one hundred acres of fine land under a high state of cultivation. His business methods are pra.ctical and progressive, and the well-tilled fields yield to him a golden tribute for the care and labor bestowed upon them. At the time of the civil war, however, Mr. Hannold put aside all persona! considerations to engage in the ser\'ice of his country, enlisting in 1S61 as a member of the Twenty-fourth New Jersey Volunteer Infantry. He served for nine months in the army of the Potomac, participating in the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. He now belongs to General Howell Post, G. A. R., of Woodbury, and is also a member of the Knights of Pvthias II— GG SH BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST fraternity, the lleptasophs, the Knights of the Mystic Chain, and formerly affihated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Improved Order of Red Men. In politics he is a stalwart Republican, unswerving in his advocacy of the principles of the party. He served for six years on the board of freeholders of Gloucester county and for two years in Cumberland county during his residence there. He attends all the conventions of the party and does everything in his power to promote the gi-owth and secure the success of the political organization to which he gives his support. Mr. Hannold was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Curts, a daughter of Lewis and Henrietta (Catell) Curts. She was born in Deptford township, Gloucester county. May 2, 1842. and was one of a family of five daughters and one son, namely: Sarah A., Mary E., Anna M., Harriet F., Chockley C. and Henrietta. All are living with the exception of the last named. Their parents resided in Gloucester county until i860, when they removed to a farm on the Potomac river in Virginia, twenty-eight miles below Washing- ton. There tliey resided through the period of the civil war, their home being in the center of the war district. Both the father and mother are now deceased. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Hannold has been blessed with ten children: Harvey H., Cleretta C. Lizzie P., Permelia H., Oscar, Chockley C, Woody J., John W., Lewis C. and Ada T. Of these, Permelia H., Oscar and Woody are now deceased. John W. married Mary A. Sagers and they have one child, Gertrude. Mr. and Mrs. Hannold are enterprising and prominent people of Gloucester county. His life has been an honorable, useful and industrious one, and in all relations of life he has commanded the respect and confidence of all with whom he has been associated. SAMUEL H. GREY. Samuel H. Grey, attorney general, residing at Camden, New Jersey, w-as born in this city April 6, 1836, and is a son of Philip James Grey, for many years a leading man in this section of the state, and Sarah Woolston Ste- phens, his wife, a member of an orthodox Quaker family. He spent his entire life in Camden, where he was educated at private schools kept by Hon. Fayette Grover, afterward the governor of Oregon and a senator from that state, and liis brother Talleyrand. He studied law with Hon. Abraham Browning as his preceptor, the first attorney general appointed under the new constitution, and was admitted as an attorney at the Novemlier term, 1857, and as a counselor at the February term, 1S61. The attorney general long since achieved for himself a high reputation Samuel JV. Srei/ CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 515 as a lawyer, a pleader and an orator. He has figured in many prominent legal battles, in nearly all of which he has come out crowned with victory. His masterly conduct of the impeachment proceedings in the case of Prison- keeper-Patrick H. Laverty, in 1886, when he acted as counsel for the house of assembly, brought about conviction by the state senate sitting as a high court of impeachment, and which was presided over by John W. Griggs, since governor of New Jersey. His argument before the supreme court in 1888, in support of the constitutionality of the local-option law, won for him a favorable decision, and the statute was not disturljetl. With other eminent lawyers as his associates, he distinguished himself in the famous controversy over the organization of the state senate in 1894, when a full bench of the supreme court sustained his interpretation of the constitutional law bearing on the case. Chief Justice Beasley delivered the opinion of the court, which declared that Maurice A. Rogers, Repul)lican, was the duly elected president of the senate. Twice has the attorney general been a presidential elector for New Jer- sey. — in 1872, when the vote of the state was cast for Grant and Wilson, and in 1896, when it was recorded for McKinley and Hobart. He served as a member of the constitutional commission of 1873, and was president of the constitutional commission of 1894. In 1866 Mr. Grey was appointed prosecutor of the pleas for the county of Cape May, and served seven years. He served as a member of the Republican state executive committee from 1868 to 1871. Several times he has refused judicial and political honors. He could have gone to congress in 1874, when he declined a nomination in the first congressional district. Governor Griggs offered him the office of chief justice of the supreme court in 1897, which he declined. On March i of the same year he was nominated for attorney general, to succeed John P. Stockton, and he was unanimously confirmed by the senate on the 8th of that month. His term will expire on April 5, 1902, and his salary is seven thousand dollars a year. The attorney general has been a director of the Camden Safe Deposit and Trust Company since its organization, in 1873, '^'''d he is the president of the West Jersey Title and Guaranty Company, a position he has occupied since its formation. JARVIS WANSER. The well known commandant of the Soldiers and Sailors' Home at Vine- land is Colonel Jarvis Wanser, who during the civil war "donned the blue" and aided in suppressing the rebellion in the south. His pleasant manner. 5i6 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP TUP PIRST genial disposition and executive abilit}' well ciualified him for his jaresent office, and its duties he is now ably discharging. The Colonel is a native of New Brunswick. Xew Jersey, his birth having occurred on the 30th of March. 1838. The name is of Holland Dutch origin, and the family was established on Long Island at an early day. The parents of our subject were Jarvis and Phoebe (Pearsall) Wanser, and the former was born at Hempstead, Long Island, where he spent the early part of his life. For a time he engaged in business as the proprietor of the old Fulton market in New York city, and subsequently he came to New Brunswick, New Jerse) , purchasing a large farm in the suburbs. Subsequently he owned ami managed two farms, but afterward took up his abode in the village, where he conducted the Raritan Hotel until his death. He was a prominent supporter of the Republican party and did all in his power to advance its interests. Both he and his wife attained the ripe old age of eighty }ears. In the family of this worthy couple were eight children. William H., now deceased, was for some years engaged in the fruit business in New York city. The other members of the family now living are : Mary, Rachel, John, Eliza and Jarvis. Colonel \\'anser. of this re\'iew, obtained his education in the public schools of his native town, and after entering upon his business career dealt quite extensively in fruit, using five wag'ons in the sale of this commodity. He was twenty-three years of age when he enlisted, on the 26th of August, 1862, for three years' service, in the war of the Rebellion, being assigned to Company H, Fourteenth New Jersey Infantry. He joined the army as a private, but meritorious conduct soon won him promotion to the rank of orderly sergeant of Company F, and later he was promoted first sergeant, second lieutenant, first lieuteant and then commissioned captain of Company B, Fourteenth New Jersey Infantrj-. On the ist of June. 1864. at Cold Harbor, he was wounded b}' a niinie ball in the knee and confined in the hospital in Alexandria, Virginia, for three months. Later he rejoined his regiment and assumed command of his company, continuing in that position until the close of hostilities. He participated in twenty' important engage- ments, including the battles of South Mountain, Monocacy, the Wilderness, Cold Harbor and Spottsylvania. After his return from the war he connected himself with Company K, of the Third Regiment, New Jersey Militia, was made its captain, major and colonel, and served with that command for eight years. When the Confederacy had been overthrown Colonel Wanser returned to New Brunswick, but soon afterward was appointed steward of vhe state prison in Trenton, and held that position for five years. Later he engaged CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW lERSEY. 517 in the confectionery business at Easton. Pennsylvania, and thence came to Vineland, where he has engaged in the real-estate and insurance business for twenty-two years. In 1899, upon the founding of the Soldiers and Sailors' Home at Vineland, he was appointed commandant and is now capably filling that position. In 1857 was celebrated the marriage of Colonel Wanser and Miss Sarah E. Britton, a daughter of John Britton, of New Brunswick. They now have two children, — Albert and Frank. The former, who is the proprietor of a clothing and men's furnishing goods store in Vineland, married Sarah Stew- art, and has two children, — Maria and Alvin. The younger son was formerly in the folding department in Washington, D. C. but is now associated with his brother in business. He married Miss \\'alman and has a daughter, Ruth. Colonel Wanser casts his ballot in support of the men and measures of the Republican party and is one of the prominent advocates of the organiza- tion, doing all in his power to promote its growth and insure its success, for he believes most firmly in its principles. He is also a member of Lyon Post, No. 10, G. A. R., of Vineland, of which he has served as past commander, and is a member of the Presbyterian church. His business affairs have been capably conducted, and in all transactions he is thoroughly reliable and up- right. Upon the field of battle he displayed marked loyalty, and in the days of peace has been as faithful to his duties of citizenship as when he fol- lowed the stars and stripes. His social qualities render him a favorite among all classes, and he well deserves mention among the representative citizens of southern New Jersey. HENRY F. SICKLER. Henry Eress Sickler is one of the most influential and well known busi- ness men of Salem, Salem county. New Jersey, where he has been engaged as a brick mason for many years and has built up an enviable reputation as a workman of skill. Several generations of the family have made their home in this countv until the name has come to be associated with its growth and prosperity. Three Ijrothers left Germany to seek a home in the broad prairies of America, one of whom located at Camden, one at Friesburg, and one at Gloucester. The brother who settled at Friesburg is the one to whom our subject owes his name and indirectly his existence. John Sickler was the grandfather of our subject and was born at Fries- burg, where he afterward followed farming. He had a large farm of hve hundred acres in Piles Grove township and was one of the most successful 5i8 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST husbandmen in the community. lie was a Democrat and the family were members of the Baptist church. He wa.s married to Hannah Freas and had seven children, viz: William, a farmer, who married Catherine Van Meter and died in Alloway, leaving four children, — Isaac, John, Elizabeth, and Mary Ann; Samuel, who died young; Henn.-, the father of our subject; John, who married Martha Redrow and has eight children, — Nathan, Wil- liam, Charles, John, Hannah, Harriet, Sarah and Mary; Elizabeth, the fifth child, married John McEwen, a wheelwright of Salem, by whom she has five children, — John, Elizabeth, Ellen, Rebecca and Mary; Hannah, who mar- ried Enos Reeves, a farmer, and has four children, — Enos, William, Anna and Hannah; Sarah was the youngest and married Richard Ballanger, a bricklayer and a prominent politician of Salem who at one time served as the sherifY of the county. Their children are Richard, Fenwick, Clement, John and Mary. The grandfather died at the age of sixty years and was sur- vived several years by his wife who reached the age of eighty years. Henry Sickler was born in 1810 in the same county as his father and his son. He was a blacksmith and wheelwright and carried on his trade for several years in a most successful manner. He acquired a considerable prop- erty and was considered a most successful man of business. He purchased a farm which he operated and lived on a number of years at Woodstown. He was public-spirited and took great interest in all local afifairs, a prominent worker in local politics and contributed in no small way to the success of the RepubUcan ticket. He married Miss Hannah Dickison, by wdiom he had three children, two sons and a daughter, namely: Smith, who was born in March, 1833, and is a brick manufacturer in Salem : he married Mary Freas and has two children; Mary, who was born in 1837 and married Josiah Madeira, a horse dealer of Woodstown : they have two children, — John and George; the second son is our subject, Henry. The father died while yet a young man, in 1838, and was survived almost a half century by his widow, who was called to her reward April 12, 1882, at the age of seventy-three years. The maternal grandfather was William Dickison, who also was a native of Piles Grove township and for the greater part of his life a farmer near Woodstown. He married I\Iar\- Hall and reared two sous and two daughters, namely : Charles, who is still living at the advanced age of ninety- two years and is a farmer at Shiloh : he married Harriet Bacon and has three children, — Charles, William, and JNIary: William was in the war of the Rebellion; Edward, who married and has children, and is a farmer in IStcKean county, Pennsylvania; Hannah; and Achsah, who married Allen Wallace and has four sons and four daughters. — Edward, Allen, John, CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 519 Frank, Achsah, Rachel, Sarah Hannah and Alary. The grandfather died at the age of sixty-six years. Henry Freas Sickler, the second child of his parents, was born in Woods- town, this county, November 10, 1835. He remained on the farm with his mother for several years and then went to Salem, where he attended the public schools. After leaving school he took charge of his mother's farm and afterward followed the same occupation for a year or more in the state of Ohio. Retm-ning to New Jersey he learned the trade of brickmason and has worked at that business continually since. He learned the trade of the firm of French &- Sickler, and he afterward became a partner, with James E. Dunham and Westl}' Parker, and from that time the firm was known as Dunham, Pcirker & Sickler. Mr. Parker afterward withdrew from the firm and they continued as Dunham & Sickler for twenty years, until 1887, when the partnership was dissolved. He did work all through this state, in Dela- ware and other places, and has erected many of our finest public buildings. He employed some twenty men and did the greater part of the work in this vicinity, giving to it his personal supervision. One of the most prominent buildings erected by him is the Friends' Hotel. He still does a large business and possesses considerable property. January i, 1861, Mr. Sickler was united in matrimony to Aliss Anna Ward, a daughter of David and Sarah Ward, farmers of Kirkswood, Dela- ware. They have four children: Hannah, born May 29, 1864, is a cashier; Margaret, born December 23, 1866, was married in 1894 to John Radcliff. who is a clerk in the Pennsylvania Railway office at Camden, but whose residence is Salem. They have one child, Henry Ratcliffe; Dora, born April 29, 1872, is a teacher in the public schools of Salem and resides at home; and Elsie, born August 8, 1878, is a Western Line operator at Salem and resides at home. Mrs. Sickler died at the age of forty-three years, in 1 88 1, and was deeply mourned by the many friends who had been drawn to her by her charming personality and gracious manner. Mr. Sickler is a member of the board of trustees of the Baptist church, is a Ivnight of Pythias and servefl as councilman for the first ward. JOSEPH MULFORD BACON. Among the men who are prominently connected with the business inter- ests of Salem, Salem county. New Jersey, is the genial agent of the West Jersey Express Company whose name appears above, and whose kindly dis- position and obliging manners ha\'e made him a universal favorite. He is 520 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OP THE FIRST well known throughout the county, this city having been his birth place September i8, 1848. Ilis ])arents arc Smith and Elizabeth (Freas) Bacon, and he traces his ancestry back to Uriah Bacon, who was born probably in Long Island and was the great-grandfather of our subject. Uriah Bacon was a cooper by trade and settled in Salem county, where he plied his craft. He married a lady whose maiden name was Sarah Dare, and had four chil- dren : Joseph; Hannah, wife of Edward Davis; Elizabeth, wife of Jeremiah Davis; and Phoebe, who married Sylvanus Sheppard. Uriah Bacon died at Rhoadestown, Cumberland county, this state, at the ripe old age of ninety- four years. He had a brother, Joseph, who fought in the Revolutionary war and lost his life in the Hancock Bridge massacre. Joseph Piacon, the eldest child of Uriah, was the grandfather of our sub- ject and was liorn in Rhoadestown, Cumberland county. He was a cooper, having learned the trade of his father, and followed it in his native town. He married Jane Mulford and reared six children: John; Sarah, wife of Charles Peterson; Jane, wife of Jacob Diver, a farmer; Uriah, Joseph, and Smith, the father of our subject. He was sixty-five years old at his death. Smith Bacon was also a native of Rhoadestown, where he attended the district schools. Leaving school he determined to become a sailor, and for many years sailed on the merchant vessels, later taking charge of a brig that plied between Philadelphia and the West Indies and owned by the Aliner Harvey Company, of Salem. He afterward gave up the sea and spent his last days in this city, where he died when about seventy years old. He was a Democrat in his politics. His wife, Elizabeth Freas, was sixty years of age at her death, and was the mother of the following children: Jane, who died when a child of five or six years: Hannah, who also died in infancy; Joseph M., our subject; Sarah, who died young; Henry, a sash and door manufac- turer of Philadelphia. He married Hannah Dowling, by whom he had three children: Bertha, William and Mortimer; Smith, who married Eliza- beth Peclrick and is engaged in the dairy business at Salem; James, unmar- ried and captain of a tug-boat; Lizzie, who died in childhood; and Charles, civil engineer with the Shiffler Bridge Company : he married Miss Sarah Stretch and resides at Toledo, Ohio; and Lizzie F.. who is unmarried. Joseph Mulford Bacon was educated in the public school and in that kept l)y the Society of Friends in Salem. After his school days were ended he was with his father for twelve years in the merchant service and visited many southern and New England ports. This was an advantage not afforded many young men and he enjoyed it to the full, but was not so well pleased with the life that he cared to make it his permanent employ- ment, and accorclingh- he turned his attention to other lines. For nine vears CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 521 he was engaged in the dairy business in Salem and was then appointed agent for the West Jersey Express Company, in 1887, and has continued in that capacity ever since making many friends for the company by liis uni- formly courteous and obliging attentions. October 15, 1872, Mr. Bacon was united in matrimony with Miss Mary S. Colley, a daughter of Henry D. Colley, a carpenter of Salem, New Jersey. She was one of four children, namely: Sewell H.; Mary S.; Georgianna, wife of Thomas W'hitelock; and Maggie S., wife of William Bloemer. Mr. and Mrs. Bacon are the parents of five children : Frank, a compositor in the Mail & Express office of New York City: he is a member of the Sons of the Re\-olution; Maggie, deceased; George, a student; Jennie, who died at the age of three years; and Elsie, at school. Mr. Bacon was at one time city recorder of Salem. He is a member of the Baptist church and an honor- able, upright. Christian gentleman. He is an active member of the Liberty Hook & Ladder Company, and belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. WILLL\M D. DUFFIELD. William D. Duffield, the popular superintendent of John Wyeth & Brothers' Malt Works, of Woodbury, Gloucester county, New Jersey, is a son of Henry F. and Adaline B. (Lee) Duffield, and was born in Hurffville township, this county, June 30, 1866. Both parents were of English descent, the first member of the Duffield family, Nathan, coming from that country at an early day to Cumberland county. New Jersey, where he purchased a large tract of land and engaged in its improvement and cultivation. His children were Aralonase; Nathan; Henry F. ; Elizabeth, who married W. H. Smith, of Cedarville, Cumberland county; Hannah, who married Henry M. Conover, of the same locality; and Lydia, the wife of Alartin Corson of Bridgeton, this state. Henr}' F. Duffield was born in Cumberland county, on his father's estate, where he grew up and became a prosperous tiller of the soil. He was inured to the hardships of pioneer farm life in his youthful days and received only a limited education, the facilities for learning being of the most meager and primitive description. He died August 2j. 1879, after a useful and well spent life, and is survived by his widow, who makes her home in this city. Her maiden name was Adaline B. Lee and the children born of their union were James Lee. who married Jenette Dorff; William D., our subject; and Her- bert R., married to Bertha C. Stewart. The Lee familv came from Derljv- 522 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST shire, England, in 1818 and settled in Burlington county, New Jersey, whence the oldest son, Samuel, about the year 1820 moved to Michigan, where he remained. His sisters, five in number, moved to Atlantic City and conducted a boarding-house, which was afterward converted into a hotel, popularly known as the "Mansion House," which remained in the posses- sion of the family until the past year (1899), when it was sold. The only survi\-ing member of this family is Julia, who resides at Haddonfield, this state. William D. Duf¥ield acquired his education in the public schools of his native county, and after completing his studies engaged with the \\'yeth Brothers Company as the foreman of their Malt Extract Works. On the resignation of the superintendent, in 1895, he was promoted to that position, and still performs the duties of that important office in an efficient and satisfactory manner. By his gentlemanly and courteous manner he made many friends for the establishment, while his judicious management of the plant displays a keen business mind. He was married at Bridgeton, this state, November 27, 1889, to Martha J. White, a daughter of William H. and Ellen T. White, of that city. Three children have been sent to brighten their hearthstone: Grace D., born April i, 1891: Lee W., born March 17, 1893; and Mabel J., born June 17, 1894. They are attendants of the Kemba! Memorial IMethodist Episcopal church and liberal contributors to that organization. Mr. Duffield is a member of Star of Bethlehem Lodge, No. 190, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of Philadelphia; Woodbury Council, No. 31. Senior Order United American Mechanics, of which he is an ex-councilor and three times a repre- sentative to the state organization; a member of Minnetonka Tribe, No. 199, Improved Order of Red Men, of Woodbury, of which he is a past sachem, and has represented that order in the great council two terms. He is a man of genial good nature and very popular among his acquaintances. L. M. HALSEY, M. D. Dr. L. M. Halsey, a practicing physician and a prominent political worker of W^illiamstown, New Jersey, is a native of Swedesboro, this state, his birth having occurred there September 17. 1858. His father, Luther F. Halsey, was a native of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, and a son of Abram Halsey, who was a native of Orange county. New York, and a son of Luther Halsey. The Halsey family originally came to America from Wales, and the Doctor now has in his possession the certificate of membership in ihc CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 523 society of the Cincinnati, given to Luther Halsey, his great-grandfather. It is signed by George Washington as president and General Knox as secretary, and bears date May 24, 1774. Luther Halsey was a captain on the staff of General George Washington and loyally aided in achieving independence for the American colonies. Four of his sons were clergymen. Abraham Halsey, one of the number, was the founder of the First Presby- terian church of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at Eighteenth and Arch streets, and from that city he removed to Bucks county, Pennsylvania, where he labored for forty years in the Reformed Presbyterian church. He died in 1867. His brother Job was a professor in the Allegheny Theological Semin- ary, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and was the pastor of a church at Norris- town, Pennsylvania, for forty years. Luther, another brother, was for many years a member of the faculty of the Princeton Theological Seminary. Luther F. Halsey, the Doctor's father, was born October 28, 1833, was graduated in Rutger's College, and later in the Jefiferson College, at Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania. After leaving college he spent one year in Europe, where for a time he was a student in a university. He also served as assistant surgeon in the British fleet, at the bombardment of Sevastopol, Russia. He finally located in Swedesboro, New Jersey, in 1857, and at the breaking out. of the war of the Rebellion, in 1861, he was made assistant surgeon in the Second New Jersey Volunteers. He held various positions in the army and at the close of the strife he was the chief of the doctor's staf? in the Army of the Potomac. After the close of the war he returned and practiced medicine in Swedesboro. He enjoyed a large patronage and was one of the founders of the present school in antiseptics. It was he who organized the Masonic lodge at Swedesboro, and he also belonged to the chapter and com- mandery of the fraternity. For years he was a vestryman in the Swede.-i Episcopal church, and took an active part in its work. For many years he was either president or secretary of the Gloucester County Medical Society, in which he took great interest. He died in 1895. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Catherine Murphy, still sur\'ives him, at the age of sixty-nine years. Of their three children two are living — L. M. and Joseph G., the latter of Swedesboro. Dr. Halsey received excellent educational privileges, including a college course at Lehigh University, in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and in that insti- tution was graduated in 1877. He is also a graduate of Jefferson College, of the class of 1880. He spent one year in a hospital in Philadelphia and passed an examination to enter the army, but finally came to Williamstown and began the practice of his chosen profession, in 1880. He has been thor- oughly successful in his calling and keeps up with the times in all medical 524 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST ideas, theories and discoveries. He is the president of the MecHcal Society of New Jersey and has twice been the leading officer of the Gloucester County Medical Society. For several years he has been making a special study of auto-intoxication and the development of chemical poison in the human economy. Two years ago he read an exhaustive paper before the State Medical Society on this subject and it attracted wide attention. His private practice is large and he attends to all the requirements in the line of surgical work of the branch of the Reading Railroad upon which he lives. In political matters the Doctor is a Republican and has been prominent in the ranks of the party. He has been mentioned as a candidate for both branches of the legislature, but has no great political aspirations. He was one of the promoters of the Masonic lodge of Williamstown, is now past master and is a member of the chapter at Vineland and the commandery at Camden. On the ist of May, 1884, he married Alice L., a daughter of Judge J. F. Bodine, and their home is a ver}' pleasant and hospitable one. But few men within llic state have enjoyed as successful a career as Dr. Halsey, save perhaps his, father. Both obtained thorough educational train- ing for the special line of work which they expected to follow through life, hence when they began practice they were well equipped for their pro- fessional duties. Success in all lines comes only through hard work and study, and especially is this true in the medical profession. To be a success- ful physician and surgeon at the present time one must be well educated at the beginning of his career and must keep thoroughly abreast with modern progress by reading and study; and this Dr. Halsey has done. NATHAN W. LIPPINCOTT. Washington said that agriculture is not only one of the most useful but also one of the most honorable callings to which man can devote his ener- gies; and the same is as true to-day as when uttered by the greatest of American heroes. Nathan Wright Lippincott is numl)ered among the representative farmers of Woolwich township, Gloucester county, and is successfully cultivating a large tract of land, his labors bringing to him a de- sirable income. He was born in Piles Grove township, Salem county. New Jersey, No- vember 17, 1 861, and is a son of Nathan Y. and Priscilla (Wright) Lippin- cott. His grandparents were Samuel and Flannah Lippincott. natives of Salem county, the former born January 12, 1785, and the latter'on the 5th of October, 1780. In their family were four children: Anna F., who was born CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEV. 525 March 27, 1812, and became the wife of a Mr. Robbins, of Woodstown, New Jersey; Nathan Y., who was bom September 2, 1814, and died November 2, 1881 ; Samuel M., who was born September 8, 1816, and resides in Woods- town, New Jersey; and Georg-e, l)orn September 4, 1819. Nathan Y. Lippincott spent the days of his youth in the county of his nati\-ity. and having arri\-ed at years of maturity was married, on the 14th of April, 1842. to Mary C. Borton, by whom he had the foUowing children: Ellen, the wife of Edwin Taylor, of Auburn, New Jersey; George, a resident of Swedesboro; Henry R., who is living in Atlantic City; Amanda P., who died at the age of five months; Edwin W., a resident of Woodstown, New Jersey: Franklin, who died at the age of two years; and Emma, deceased wife of William Haines. The mother of this family having passed away, the father was again married, Miss Priscilla M. Wright becoming his wife on the 6th of February, 1861. Their children are: Nathan W. ; Mary C, the wife of Nathan Watson, a farmer living near Auburn, New Jersey; Walter, Louisa and one other son, who died in childhood; and Priscilla and Phoebe Ann, twins, the former the wife of James Harker, of Auburn, New Jersey, and the latter the wife of John Sithens, of Swedesboro, New Jersey. Nathan W. Lippincott pursued his education in the various schools at Laurel, Illinois, Piles Grove, Auburn, Swedestown and Mickletown. Throughout his business career he has carried on agricultural pursuits. La 1892 he purchased his present farm and since 1893 has made his home thereon, devoting his attention to the raising of garden produce and to dairy farming. He is very successful, finding ready sale for his products, which, being of excellent quality, command the highest market price. On the 27th of February, 1883, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Lippincott and Miss Fannie M. Sithens. a daughter of Daniel and Hannah A. (Shimp) Sithens, of Woolwich township, Gloucester countv. Seven chil- dren have been born to them, namely: Laura S.: Emiline, who died at the age of nineteen months: Leona, Hannah E.. Alice P.. Frances and Alvan G. Mr. Lippincott and his family are members of the Society of Friends and socially he is connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. In politics he is a stalwart Republican, and has served as a member of the school board since 1895. The cause of education finds in him a warm friend. His labors have been successfully directed along well defined lines, and thus has he worked his way upward until he has left the ranks of the many and stands amono- the successful few, being accounted one of the leading and substantial farmers of his section of the state. 526 nJOURAl'JUC.lL HISTORY OF TlUl FIRST D. C. WOOD. A wortliy representative of the agricultural interests is D. C. Wood, of Glenloch, who owns and cultivates a farm of eighty-five acres. This land he has placed under a high state of cultivation, its fields being well tilled, its buildings kept in good repair, and everything about the place being neat and thrifty in appearance. In his farming methods Mr. Wood is progres- sive and practical and is therefore justly numbered among the leading agriculturists of the community. He was born in this locality, January 28, 1824, and is a son of Gerard Wood, whose birth occurred here and who was a son of Samuel Wood, a native of Woodbury, New Jersey. The original American ancestors came from England and took up their abode in Woodbury Creek, where the town of Woodbury now stands. Samuel Wood served in the war of the Revolution and had some strange experiences during that epoch of our coimtry's history. Gerard Wood was a member of the home guard of 1812. By occupation he was a farmer and by his industry and perseverance he won a very creditable success. His political support was given to the Democracy and he served as a member of the board of freeholders and as a member of the state legis- lature. A leading citizen, he exerted a marked influence in public afTairs and commanded the respect of all with whom he came in contact. In his re- ligious belief he was connected with the Society of Friends and in that faith died in 1884. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Hannah Wills, was a daughter of Nathaniel Wills, of Woodbury, and died in 183 1. They be- came the parents of six children, of whom three are living: D. C., of this review; Daniel W., of Philadelphia: and Emeline, the wife of Rich Marshall, of Camden, New Jersey. During his youth D. C. Wood received but limited educational privileges, attending the public schools of the neighborhood for only a short time. His training at farm labors, howe\er. was not meager, for at an early age he began to follow the plow and has since devoted his energies to agri- cultural pursuits. In addition to his home farm he cultivates sixty acres of land that belongs to his son-in-law, and not only raises the grains adapted to this climate but is also engaged in making butter. He was married to Hannah Hudson, a daughter of William Hudson, of Glenloch, and they be- came the parents of three children: Henry B., who is living near his father; Charles H., at home; and Sarah W., the wife of S. Ed. Bateman, an agri- culturist. Mr. Wood exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the Democratic party and keeps well informed on the issues of CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. ^,27 the day. He has held all the township offices and in 1879 was elected a freeholder for a three-years term. He belongs to the Grange and is a prom- inent member of the Methodist Episcopal church. No movement calculated to advance the educational, social, moral or material welfare of the com- munity seeks his aid in vain, and he is accounted one of the leading and valued citizens of the communitv. ADRIAN PAUL LOCKE. Adrian Paul Locke, of Swedesboro, New Jersey, was born on the farm now occupied by George M. Hall, in Woolwich township, Gloucester county, New Jersey, January 21, 1855, and is a son of Lawrence and Anna Marie (Paul) Locke. He passed his boyhood days on the farm, attending the public schools in winter and in summer assisting in the farm work, and until his marriage remained a member of the home circle, associated with his father in the farming operations. After his marriage he settled on a farm near Hanson- ville Station, which he at first rented and afterward purchased, and where he resided until 1897, when he removed to Swedesboro. The following year, 1898, he sold his farm and since then has carried on agricultural oper- ations on one of Elijah Bowers' farms. He is a director of the Lakeside Land Company, of Swedesboro, and is stockholder in the Heat, Light and Power Company, of this place and in various ways has shown himself to be a public-spirited man, interested in the progressive moves made in his town. Mr. Locke was married January 20. 1881, to Miss Anna H. Gaskell, a daughter of Samuel B. Gaskell, of Swedesboro; and they are the parents of two children : Constance Blanche and Estella Gaskill. For a number of years Mr. Locke has been a member of the school board of Woolwich township, and as such has done much to promote the educa- tional interests of the community in which he has lived. In politics he is a Republican and his religious creed is indicated by the fact that he is a vestryman of Trinity Episcopal church. HARRY C. SUTTON. Harry C. Sutton was born in Red Lyon, Lancaster county, Delaware, August 22, 1849, ^"cl was the son of Joseph and Elizabeth Daws (Massey) Sutton. The name is of English origin. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Joseph Sutton, passed his early life in Philadelphia, whence he came 528 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST to Cape May county, here devoting his energies to farming. His political views were in harmony with the principles of the Whig party. In religious belief he was a Methodist, taking an active part in the work of the church and holding many offices therein. His children were Samuel, a wealthy man, who married and reared a family in the west; Henrietta, the wife of William Chislon, a teacher who died in Frankfort, Philadelphia; Eliza, the wife of Reuben Tomlin, a sea captain; Sabilla, the wife of Thomas HofYman, a farmer at West Creek. Cape !vlay county; Charles, who resided in Cape May city; and Joseph. The father of these children died at the age of eighty- two years and the mother when eighty years of age. Joseph Sutton was a native of Philadelphia and died in August, 1896, at the age of eighty-two years. In addition to farming he engaged in the operation of the stage line, making his home at Tuckahoe. Of the Metho- dist Episcopal church he was a consistent member. He married Miss Eliza- beth D. Massey and they became the parents of several children; Emma T., the wife of Thomas R. Brooks; S. W. Golt, the wife of ^lathew Golt; Mary; Joseph, who married Sophia Candy, by whom he has six children: Bessie; Delia; Susie; Katie; Emeline; Daws, who is the overseer of a gravel business; and Kate H., the wife of Clark P. Smith, a paper-hanger of Atlantic City, by whom she»has two children, — Clarence and Leroy. The sisters in this family are excellent business wortien. Two of them, Mrs. Brooks and Mrs. Golt, are now successfully conducting popular hotels of Cape May, the former the Carrollville House, and the latter the Ebbitt House, while Mrs. Kate H. Smith is the proprietor of a dry-goods store in Atlantic City. Harry C. Sutton, whose name heads this review, attended the public schools of his native town and further continued his studies in Smyrna, Delaware. Later he worked on a farm and afterward entered the employ of the Adams Express Company, of Philadelphia. On severing his connection with that corporation he entered the employ of the West Jersey Railway Company, serving as a brakeman, baggage-master and conductor for eighteen years. He aftenvard engaged in the operation of the hack line and was thus engaged at the time of his death, which occurred December 14, 1899. He became the owner of considerable property, which he acquired entirely through his own efforts. Mr. Sutton was united in marriage to -\Iiss Nettie Powell, a daughter of Colonel C. R. Powell, and they had three children, — Cornia B., Edward M. and Bertha D. The son is engaged in house and sign painting, as the head of the Ocean City House & Sign Painting Company, and is doing a large and profitable business. He entered upon his industrial career l)efore attaining his majority and has become the leader in his line in his com- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 529 munity. In his political views, Mr. Sutton was a stalwart Republican from the time he cast his first presidential vote for Abraham Lincoln, and for two years he served as a member of the council of Ocean City. In his re- ligious connections he was a Methodist. Indolence and idleness were utterly foreign to his character, and the industry which has ever been the salient featm'e of his business career broueht to him a well merited success. CHARLES WILSON. Charles Wilson, who is a leading farmer of Woolwich township, Glou- cester county, was born January 15, 1854, in a log cabin, the only habitation at that time on the present site of Vineland, Cumberland county. New Jersey. He is a son of Thomas and Ellen J. (Lawrence) Wilson, natives of Ireland. The father, who was a farmer and a lumberman, carried on the latter business on a large scale, and his death occurred ]\Iarcli 25, 1896. The mother is still living, in Franklinville, New Jersey. Their family con- sisted of eleven children, of whom the following record is given: Robert J. is a lumberman, residing in Franklinville, New Jersey; Mary married the Reverend George S. Campbell; Mattie L. is the wife of the Rev. .Wilson Arsdale and resides in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; Charles; Ellen J. married Franklin B. Haines, of Medford, New Jersey; Rachel A. is deceased; Thomas K. died at the age of six years; Margaret C. died when two years old; Vic- toria C. married Henry B. Shields, a draughtsman in Cramp's shipyard, Philadelphia; Thomas C. is a farmer in Franklinville, New Jersey; and James M. is a member of the Brooklyn Bridge Squad of New York police. Charles Wilson passed his boyhood on the farm, attending school during the winter months, and in summer performing the numerous duties which fall to the lot of a country lad. In 1874, when only twenty years of age, he began farming on his own account on the place which he now owns, and which he purchased in 1896. It contains one hundred and seventy-six acres, sixteen acres of which are in good timber, and is located near Russell's mills. Mr. Wilson employs the most improved methods of agriculture, and his farm, outbuildings, etc., show evidence of vmtiring industry and skillful management. On March 10. 1874, Mr. Wilson was united in marriage with Annie A., a daughter of Ephraim Dunham, of Monroeville, New Jersey, and four children have been born to them, namely: Thomas L., who assists his father on the farm; Mabel C, who married Edward Black, and has two children. — Harrv L. and Mabel C. ; C. Howard and Ethel Ray. Mr. Wilson is a member 530 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, is an adherent of the Republican party, was elected freeholder in 1897, and has also been overseer of roads for several years, and many good roads in the vicinity of Swedesboro are largelv due to his care and knowledge of road construction. CHARLES H. RUTHERFORD. No soldier on the field of battle is called upon to perform more heroic service than are the brave men connected with the life-saving stations, nor do the inspiring strains of martial music encourage them in their efforts. Battling with the wind and waves, their lot is one demanding at times the greatest exertion' as well as braver)-, and he who wears the uniform of a soldier is no more entitled to the praise and gratitude of his fellow men than he whose service is with a life-saving crew. Such a position is occupied by Charles Henry Rutherford, who has been connected with the Cape May station as surfman No. 2 for twenty-two years. His entire life has been passed in Cape May county, his birth having occurred in Lower township. June 12, 1846, his parents being William and Jane W. (Foster) Rutherford. His paternal grandfather, John Rutherford, was a native of Ireland, whence he came to America in 1812. locating at Cold Spring, Cape May county. He was a butcher by trade, but aftenvard en- gaged in general merchandising at Cold Spring, where he carried on a busi- ness amounting to one hundred thousand dollars annually. He also specu- lated in real estate to some extent and built and sold a number of cottages in Cape May. He was likewise interested in the lumber business, in the manufacture of lime and was the owner of three vessels, — two sloops and a schooner, the Jane McOuinn. He possessed indefatigable energ\' and per- severance, and although he entered upon his business career in a humble capacity, receiving but fifty cents per day, he steadily worked his way upward to a position of afifluence. He was three times married, his first union being with Mary Rutherford, a lady of English descent, and their children were Jane, Ann, Francis, William and John. For his second wife he married Sarah McKean. and he at length had a third wife. In his political views John Rutherford was a Democrat, and in religious relations belonged to the Presbyterian church at Cold Spring, in which he serv'ed as an elder for many years. Charitable and benevolent, he was ver\- generous to the poor and needy in his county, and was very popular among all classes. His death occurred in 1871, when he had reached the age of seventy-three years, and the community thereby lost one of its most valued and honored citizens. William Rutherford, the father of our subject, was born at Cold Spring CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 531 in 1827 and engaged in farming in Lower township. Cape ^lay county, where he owned and cultivated one hundred acres of land. He also took contracts for building roads and sea walls and was an enterprising, energetic man. Like his father, he gave his political support to the Democracy, and in religious faith was a Presbyterian, his membership being in the church of that denomination at Cold Spring. During the war of the Rebellion he manifested his patriotism by serving for nine months in Company H, New Jersey Infantry, and participated in the battles of Fredericksburg and Williamsburg. He entered the service as a private but was mustered out as a commissary. Always fond of horses, and knowing much about their dis- eases, he acted as a veterinary surgeon during his connection with the army. When only twelve years of age he rode running races at Tuckahoe and was always the possessor of some fine specimens of the noble steed. William Rutherford married Jane W. Foster, and they became the parents of eleven children. Charles is the eldest; George, a farmer, wedded Mary Teel, and their children are Elmer, Ida and Eli; William, an agriculturist living at Cold Spring, and now serv-ing as the assessor of Cape May county, married Mary Russell and has two daughters,^ — Clara and Emma; Clara, the fourth child of the father's family, is the wife of Joseph P. Henry, the leading painter of Cape May. and their children are Charles. Jane and Bessie; Eliza- beth is the widow of Daniel Godfrey, a seafaring man. who died leaving a son, Ralph. Rhoda is the wife of Charles Horam. an upholsterer and paper-hanger of Atlantic City; Jane was twice married, her present husband being Alfred Driver, a retired cigar manufacturer, of Philadelphia; Frank, a farmer of Lower township, married Kate Finos, by whom he had three children, — Ethel, Eva and Emma, — and after her death he wedded Amelia Springer, by whom he has two children ; Sarah died at the age of twenty-six years; Anna is the wife of William Allen, a butcher: and Joseph married Anna Nolan, and they have a son, named Charles. William Rutherford, the father of these children, died in 1871, at the age of forty-four years, but the mother is still living, now in her seventy-fourth year. ■ Mr. Rutherford, of this review, pursued his studies in the public schools of Cape May county until eighteen years of age and then began business on his own account, following farming and fishing. When twenty-two years of age he purchased a fami of fifty acres, and has since carried on agricultural pursuits. His land is now under a high state of cultivation and is improved with all the modern accessories and conveniences found upon a model farm of this period. Interspersed with his labors in the fields is his duty as a member of the life-saving crew. For twenty-two years he has performed this service both bravely and well. He participated in the rescue in the ever 532 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST memorable blizzard on the 12th of March, 1888, and has taken part in many other rescues with the crew, which now consists of one keeper of the station, James W. Eldredge, and seven surfmen. On the 20th of December, 1869, Mr. Rutherford was united in marriage to Miss Louise Bennett, a daughter of Stephen Bennett, and to them have been born eight children : Ocie, the wife of James Cail, proprietor of a boarding-house in Philadelphia; Lida, who is now the wife of Thomas Van Winkle, a surfman of the life-saving crew; Loretta, the wife of Lafayette Miller, a merchant by whom she has a son, Lafayette, Jr.; Cora, Edith, Lida and Albert and Susie, twins. — all at home. Mr. Rutherford and his family attend the Presbyterian church at Cold Spring, of which he is a member. In his political afifiliations he is a Democrat, but has never been an aspirant for public office, preferring to devote his time and energies to his business interests. FREDERIC A. REX. Frederic A. Rex, Esq., one of the brightest and keenest lawyers of Camden, was born in Norristown, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, March 20, 1850. He was the son of John and Sarah (Lentz) Rex, who was a fanner in moderate circimistances, had eight children. Frederic A. being the youngest. Frederic A. Rex spent his early boyhood on the home farm. When about thirteen years of age he entered the Central high school of Philadel- phia, at which he graduated, at the age of seventeen., Immediately upon leaving school he obtained the position of clerk in the National State Bank of Camden, where he remained five or six years, and then established a mer- cantile business of his own in the same city. While building up a pros- perous trade, Mr. Rex gave his free time to the study of law, for which he was remarkably qualified by nature. On being admitted to the bar as an attorney in 1888, he sold out his store, opened an ofifice at 25 Market street, and thereafter devoted himself to the legal profession. He was admitted as a counsellor in the June term of 1891. At this time he moved to the ol^.ce which he now occupies, at 106 Market street, where he attends to a very large practice. !\Ir. Rex has been retained in some of the most famous cases of the day. He was associated with the counsel for the Pennsylvania Railroad in the land condemnation proceedings arising from the construction of the Delaware river bridge. In addition to his natural quickness, his experi- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 533 ence as a bank clerk and merchant gives him an advantage over his fellows who have followed the ruts of professional study. Actively interested in politics, he is a member of the Republican Club of Camden. He was a member of the city council for nine years, city comptroller for three years, and clerk of the district court for a like period. At present he is the treasurer of the board of education, which office he filled for ten years. In 1877 Mr. Rex was married to Louisa, a daughter of 'William Few- Smith, of Philadelphia, and has two children, — -William F. and Elizabeth R. William F., who has recently graduated at the Penn Charter school of Philadelphia, read law under his father's instructions, was admitted to the bar and is now engaged in the practice with his father. Mr. Rex belongs to Camden Lodge, No. 15, A. F. & A. M., and to the Benevolent and Pro- tective Order of Elks, No. 293. both of Camden. Though not a church member, he contributes liberally to the support of various religious enter- prises. Mrs. Rex is an esteemed member of the Presbyterian church . GEORGE W. JESSUP. George W. Jessup, one of the foremost citizens of Camden, New Jer- sey, where he does a large business as a conveyancer and real-estate dealer, was born at Jessup's Mills, Gloucester county, this state, December 18, 1849, a son of George W. and Beulah (Hilliman) Jessup. Both his father, George ,W., Sr., and his paternal grandfather, James Jessup. were natives of Gloucester county. The last named, who was a farmer by occupation, resided in that section all his life. His wife, Abigail Fisher, lived to the age of eighty-five. Their son, George W. Jessup, Sr., was brought up to farming, and in due time came into possession of the old homestead. Most of his life was devoted to agricultural work, but for a short time he was the landlord of the Woodbury Hotel. He died at the early age of thirty-six years. His wife, Beulah, was a daughter of Theophilus Hilliman, an old settler in Gloucester county, whose family numbered six children. She is still liv- ing, being now seventy-two years old, and resides Avith her grandson, Charles G. She is a niemljer of the Protestant Episcopal church at Clarks- burg, as also was her husband. George W. Jessup, the direct subject of this sketch, spent his boyhood at home, and later, for the usual elementary studies, took a two-years' course at Bridgeton x\cademy. He began his business career as a clerk in 534 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST a dry-goods store in Philadelphia, where he remained two years. His next employment was in the service of Smedley Brothers, hatters, of the same city, with w hom he stayed for a like period. About this time he mar- ried; and shortly afterward he went to York, Pennsylvania, where he re- mained for a year and a half, following the same occupation. In 1877 he returned to Philadelphia and accepted a position as a traveling agent for C. H. Gardner & Company, large hat dealers there. He was "on the road" eleven years, during which time he visited every state in the Union, besides making two trips to Europe. He then resigned, and in 1890 went into the real-estate business in this city, in company with George H. Fairfield. Subsequently purchasing Mr. Fairfield's interest, he took his son. Charles G., into partnership, December i, 1895: and the firm has since been known under the name of G. W. Jessup & Son. Mr. Jessup has been interested in some of the largest real-estate tran- sactions in Camden in recent years. He was one of the incorporators of the Masonic Temple on Market street, in which he has an office and of which he was secretary three years. Among the many large and impor- tant sales made by him were the land for the site of the Sixth Regiment Armory and that for the new First Methodist chiirch, the E. N. Cohn and the Markley property, the George H. Munger property, and the property for the Camden Electric -Light & Heating Company. Mr. Jessup has been the secretary of the Board of Trade since 1892, and he is also a director and the vice-president of the Provident Building & Loan Association. In politics a Republican, he has taken an active part in public affairs; and with a watchful eye for the interests of the people he was among those who were instrumental in efifecting a reduction of the city tax assessments from thirty-three million dollars to twenty-five million dollars, which latter fig- ure has obtained for the last three years. Mr. Jessup was first married in 1873 to Abigail ^I. Bishop, by whom he had one son, Charles G., who is now in business with him. His first wife dying in Januar}^ 1874, at the early age of twenty-four, he married for his second wife Lizzie M. Hogan, of Mount Holly, who died in 1883. aged twenty-seven years. On June 11, 1895, ^I''- Jessup maiTied his present wife, who was before marriage Miss Esther A. Carr.. She is a native of Trenton, and daughter of the late Cliarles Carr. Her father was a promi- nent citizen of Trenton, where at the time of his deatii he was the proprietor of the Phoenix Iron Works. Mr. Jessup is a Mason in good standing, being a member of Camden Lodge, A. F. & A. M., No. 15. of Camden; and he also belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen. In religion he is an Episcopalian, bein"; a communicant of St. Paul's church of Camden. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 535 HENRY W. MITCHELL. Henry William Mitchell, one of the leading citizens of Swedesboro, New Jersey, was born in Woolwich township, the township in which he now lives, March 30, 1842, and is a son of Henry and Elizabeth (Zern) Mitchell. Henry Mitchell was born in this same township in 181 1, and died here under a surgical operation in 1876. His father, William MitcheU, came from England and was one of the early settlers of Woolwich township. William Mitchell's children were Samuel, Charles, Henry, William, Edith and another daughter, who removed to Illinois in early life. John Zern, who was a major of militia for many years after the Revolutionary war and kept a hotel in Bridgeport, New Jersey, was our subject's maternal grand- father. The children of Henry and Elizabeth (Zern) Mitchell were George Zern, of Swedesboro; Henry William, whose name introduces this article; Susan, who married Joseph B. Green of Salem county; John B., a farmer in Atlantic county. New Jersey; Charles F., a painter in Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania; and Edith, who married Robert Moore of Swedesboro, New Jersey. Henry \\'. ]\Iitchell, the direct subject of this review, was educated in the public schools of his native town, and has followed farming all his life. He came to Swedesboro about twenty years ago and occupies the substan- tial home built by his father. He still continues farming by tenant, and is a stockholder in the Swedesboro Heat, Light & Power Company. Mr. Mitchell was married December 10, 1865, to Miss Elizabeth Black Hurf, a daughter of the late Henry Hurf, of Woolwich township. Frater- nally, Mr. Mitchell is identified with the A. O. U. W. and the Grange, and politically is a Republican. THOMAS S. GOSLIN. This is tlistinctively an era in which the young man is active and prom- inent. This is true of the young man in every field of endeavor or enter- prise. Gray hairs are honorable, but they no longer imply a monopoly of all worthy knowledge and ability. The history of building in the last decade emphasizes this fact. A majority of the successful architects and builders are of the younger generation of active men. Their ideas are fresh and virile and they push forward work in hand with a dash and celerity that are a wonder to the old school buiklers. One of the niost prominent young 536 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST contractors and builders in New Jersey is Thomas S. Goslin, of Woods- town, who has erected at Woodstown, Salem and other near-by places, structures that are fitting monuments to his enterprise and ability. Thomas S. Goslin was born at Richmondtown, Piles Grove township, Salem county, New Jersey, August 5, 1869, a son of Richard and Susan C. (Stratton) Goslin, who married in 1847. The American family of Goslin is of English extraction and the name was formerly spelled Gostling. Richard Goslin began in 1839 to learn the carpenter's trade at Woodstown. Later, when he had acquired some little experience at his trade, he located at Richmondtown, where he became prominent as a citizen and is still living, quite advanced in years. An industrious man of mature judgment, he has taken a leading part in the business and public affairs of the village and won an enviable reputation for every quality that makes for uprightness and good citizenship. His wife is a daughter of the late Thomas and Mary Stratton, of Mullica Hill, Gloucester county, New Jersey. Thomas Stratton was a prominent farmer and lived until his eightieth year. His widow sur- vived him but a short time. The Strattons have constituted one of the representative families of Salem county for more than a hundred years. Following are some items of interest concerning those children of Richard and Susan C. (Stratton) Goslin who are living: Samuel lives at Glassboro, Gloucester county, New Jersey; Mary is the wife of Henry Foster of Rich- mondtown; George lives at Woodbury, Gloucester county; Laura is Mrs. Henry Champion; Priscilla married Frank Renter of Daretown, Salem county; and Charles C. lives at Richmondtown. Five of their children are dead : Joseph, Emma, Rebecca, Sally and Minnie. Thomas S. Goslin gained his education in the public schools of York- town. Salem county, and from the early age of twelve years applied himself in the intervals between school terms to acquiring a practical knowledge of the carpenter's trade under his father's able instruction. In 1876. at the age of seventeen years, he went to Ashm.ore, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, and was for a time in the employ of R. J. Dobbins, a con- tractor who erected some of the Centennial exposition buildings in Fair- mount Park. Philadelphia. The experience he obtained in connection with those important contracts was a valuable and a memorable one. Returning to his home in New Jersey he continued his school course during the winter seasons and worked at his trade tlie remainder of the year, until he had attained the age of nineteen years. He then went back to Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, and was employed at carpentering for three years, first by George Goodfellow & Son. contractors and builders, later by Samuel G. Cripps. Severing his relations with Mr. Cripps, he returned to Rich- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 537 mondtown and for a year and a half assisted liis father in liis buildinfj opera- tions. In 1849 ^'Ii'- Goslin took up his residence in Woodstown and soon estab- hshed himself as a contractor and builder. His first important contract was for the erection of the city building at Woodstown, a model in design and workmanship which has attracted much attention from builders and municipal authorities in all the country rotmd about. Among his numerous other successful enterprises were several modern residences in Woodstown and Salem. The residences of Henry Guest, Smith Hewitt, Charles Horner, L. E. Mack, Thomas Newkirk, Gray Brothers, Joseph Barton and John Wiggins are especially conspicuous as fine examples of Mr. Goslin's work. Mr. Goslin is a man of much public spirit and takes great interest in the growth of Woodstown and the prosperity of her people. There is no move- ment for the advancement of the public interests which commends itself to his good judgment as practical and adequate that does not command- his active and generous co-operation. He is a well known Odd Fellow and is a member of the Ridgley Association Baptist church. He was married in 1891 to Hattie E. Loucson, a daughter of Ira B. and Mary Loucson, and has two children. — Claire and H. Foster Goslin. Mrs. Goslin's family were formerly residents of Salem county. Her mother died in 1884, at the age of forty years. Her father is now engaged in business in Philadelphia. Mr. and Mrs. Loucson had four children: Millie, the wife of Samuel Gibson; Lizzie, the wife of Thomas U. Clark; Hattie E., wife of Thomas S. Goslin; and Joseph, who married Bertha Bee, of Woodstown. CAPTAIN JAMES WARE ELDREDGE. One of the most prominent citizens of Cape May county, and certainly one of the most invaluable to the state and government, as well as tO' humanity in general, is Captain Eldredge. who is at the head of the Cape May Life Saving Station, which as is well known, is eclipsed by few of our Atlantic stations in importance, on account of the position it occupies on this dangerous coast. Owing to the heroism, coolness and rare good judg- ment exercised by the captain and his devoted men, scores of lives have been saved during the past decade and a half, and their names, though already written indelibly in the hearts of grateful thousands, deserve to be placed upon the rolls of the good and great of our nation. His family has been identified with Cape May county for several genera- 538 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST tions, his paternal great-grandfather, William Eldredge, coming here from Long Island, New York, in his boyhood. When he arrived at manhood he became a pilot on Delaware Bay, but his home was at Cape May. He served as a justice of the peace and took great interest in local afifairs, but death claimed him when he was in his early prime, but thirty-two years of age. He had married Hannah Corson, and their children were Enoch, who died at the age of sixty-two; William, who died during the cholera epidemic of 1832; John and Thomas, pilots; Mary, who became the wife of Richard Hughs; Mrs. Hannah McCray; Judith, who was the second wife of Richard Hughs; and Mrs. Samuel Richardson. The parents were Presl)y- terians. and were thoroughly conscientious, worthy people. Thomas Eldredge, the grandfather of our subject, was born and reared at Cape May, learned the trade of shoemaker, and for a period was employed on the East End Light ship. He was a stanch Whig, at one time was a member of the militia, w-ith the rank of colonel, and served in the war of 1812. His home was at Cold Spring, where he held membership in the Presbyterian church. He was called to his reward when in his fifty-third year, but his wife lived to be sixty-two. She was a Miss Deborah Ware in her girlhood. Their daughter Harriet became the wife of a carpenter. Colonel H. W. Sawyer, who won his title in the Civil war, and was famed on account of his terrible experiences in Libby prison, where he was held a captive for over a year, finally being condemned to death, and reprieved only at the last moment before the time set for his execution. Louisa, the second daughter, married Francis K. Duke, a carpenter, who enlisted in the war of the rebellion and was the captain of a company of Delaware men for three years. Joseph. Judith and Thomas, the next of the family, died when young. Thomas, the second of the name, is a pilot on the Delaware, at present located at West Cape May. Deborah married Reuben Hoffman, a carpenter of the place last named; and Judith is the widow of Captain William Hoft'man, of Cold Spring. Daniel C. Eldredge. the father of our subject, was born in Lower township, this county, March 3, 1829, and was educated in its schools. For more than forty years he was actively engaged in building and contracting, also conducting an undertaking business, and, though now well along in years, he continues in the last named occupation, and is extensively inter- ested in real estate at Cape May. For years he was the leading builder and contractor of this region, affording employment to as many as thirty hands during the busy season. Numerous specimens of his handiwork are to be seen throughout this locality, and among others he built the Cape May Point light-house, the Baptist church and Cape May House, and the wing CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 539 of the Cold Spring light-house, also many fine cottages. Formerly, he commanded all of the local business of gravel roofing, also, and other enter- prises have received his attention, with profit to himself. As a citizen he is justly popular, frecjuently being urged to accept public offices. He is serving as the coroner at present, having been elected for a second temi, his time to expire in 1900. Besides having been a member of the township committee and freeholder, he has occupied other minor offices with credit, and has been a lifelong Whig and Republican. For a quarter of a century he took an active part in educational affairs, serving during that long period as a member of the Cape May school board, and aiding materiaUy in placing the school system upon a sound basis. During the Civil war he was drafted for the army twice, but was not able to leave his home on account of pressing business matters, and proved his patriotism in other ways as commendable. For a quarter of a century he has been a Mason, associated with Cape Island Lodge, No. 30. and for fifteen years he has been identified with Evening Star Lodge, No. 65, L O. O. F. For a long period he acted in the capacity of a trustee of the Presbyterian church, with which he holds membership. He married Miss Mary A. Hoffman, a daughter of James Hoffman, a ship-builder. Their eldest child is the sub- ject of this article, and the others are : Anna, who married Joseph Springer, of Cold Spring, and has three children — Mary, Alice and Elsie; Daniel F., a carpenter, who married Elizabeth Stevens, and their children are named Marion, Charles, Bessie, Mary and Linda; Clementine is unmarried and at home. Captain James W. Eldredge was born November 24, 1853, at Cape May. After completing his education, he learned the carpenter's trade and worked with his father for three years. He then entered the government life-saving service, being located at the Cold Spring station until 1885, when he became connected with the old Cape May station, which was built in 1877. A new one, with every modern appliance and convenience used in the saving of lives in peril from the angry sea, was erected at this point in 1896. The captain has held the extremely responsible position of keeper of the station since 1885, and now has seven men under his direction. His entire service in this branch of governmental philanthropy covers a period of twenty-three years, during which time he has had many remarkable experiences and terrible battles with wind and wave. Never in the history of this station, though there have been seventy-four casualties between September 25, 1883, and September, 1899, has there been the loss of a life. A few examples may be cited of the heroic work performed by the captain and his sturdy men : On September 5, 1883, a vessel bound from New York to A^irginia was totally 540 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST wrecked near here, but her crew was saved; the Sallie C. Martin, a schooner, bound from Millville to New York, sunk off Cape May, a total loss, but the entire crew of twenty-five men were rescued; a vessel was observed to be in great danger March 12, 1888, some six miles away in the bay, and, after a whole night of desperate struggle in reaching it, and a day's hard work in saving it, the feat was accomplished; the Susie H. Davis with her crew was saved during the storm of March — , 1896; the English steamer Rector, bound for Philadelphia, loaded with iron ore, was wrecked January 19, 1893, but the crew was saved; the two-masted schooner, Jacob Duryea, going from Norfolk, Virginia, to Atlantic City, was drifted ashore January 7, 1S92, becoming a total wreck, though the crew were rescued by means of the breeches buoy; and upon the 20th of March, 1899, the Sarah Ellen, a three- masted schooner, was wrecked, and after a vigorous effort the crew were brought safely to land. These are only a few of the numerous cases in which the efficiency of this station and the devotion of its force have been severely tried and not found wanting, and too much cannot be said in praise of Cap- tain Eldredge, whose fortitude, sagacity and faithfulness have been the means of the saving of so many precious lives and a great many thousands of dollars' worth of marine property. In the multiplicity of his regular duties, the captain always finds time to do a great deal for his fellow men on land, as well as by those upon the sea. He is a staunch Republican, casting his ballot at all elections. Reared in the faith of the Presbyterian church he inclines towards the tenets of that denomination, and attends the services of that church when his duties per- mit. The marriage of Captain Eldredge and Miss I\Iary Foster was solemnized August 24, 1872. They have two sons: Samuel, a lawyer, and G. B.. both of Belford, this state. The yoimger son is a student at Princeton College, and is preparing himself for a legal career. Mrs. Eldredge is a daughter of Downs E. Foster, who has been in charge of the light-house at Cape May for the past twenty-two years JOSEPPI L. RTCHMAN. The venerable gentleman, now deceased, whose name appears at the head of this sketch, was born in Whig Lane, New Jersey, August 5, 1817, and belonged to a family long identified with this section of the country. He was a son of Henry Richman and a grandson of John Richman. and one of his ancestors, Nehemiah Richman, was a participant in the Revolutionary CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 541 war. Henry Richman was a farmer, having large land holdings, and was a man who stood high in the esteem of his neighbors and friends. He died in 1824, in the prime of life; and his wife, who had borne the maiden name of Sarah Mulford, and was a native of Cumberland county, New Jersey, died in 1852. She was twice married and for some time resided in Philadelphia. Of her nine children, Joseph L. Richman is the only one now living. With his mother and her family Mr. Richman of this review went to Philadelphia and acquired his education in the schools of that city. Later, returning to Salem county, he resided with his brother on a farm in Upper Pittsgrove township, and in early life learned the trade of tanner. In 185S he engaged in farming in Pittsgrove, about a mile from his final home, and in 1866 located upon the farm which was the place of his residence until his death, and which comprises one hundred and six acres of fine land. Here he successfully carried on agricultural pursuits. Mr. Richman was long identified with the Presbyterian church. For years he was an elder in the church at Woodstown, and for forty-two years he was a member of the church at Daretown, while for thirty-one years of the time he served as one of its elders. While he was never active in politics, he always took a commendable interest in public affairs, and in 1864 and 1865 served as the township assessor. In his married life Mr. Richman was favored beyond the average man. He was married February 14, 1841, to Miss Jane Van Meter, a daughter of James Van Meter, of Pittsgrove, and for nearly three-score years (until death) their lives were happily blended together. To them were given three children, namely: James P., a farmer of this county; Anna L., the wife of D. L. B. Peterson, of East Orange, New Jersey; and Joseph, who resided near his father. He was killed October 18, 1899, by being struck by a locomotive on the Seashore Railroad at Woodbury, this state. Mr. and Mrs. Richman celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of their wedding February 14, 1891, at Newkirk Station, entertaining a large number of their friends and making the event a happy and memorable one. Mrs. Richman died in February, 1899. She was a most amiable woman, known far and near for her many deeds of kindness. She had a local reputation as a nurse, and in every neighboring home where there was sickness she was always welcome, her bright face and cheerful words bringing sunshine and leaving the light of hope behind long after her departure. Of Mr. Richman it may be said that he "grew old gracefully." In his old age he was surrounded with all the comforts of life, and, while lately bereaved by the loss of his devoted wife, was happy in the companionship of his many friends. He died December 3. 1899. after a short illness. 542 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST A. WALTF.R ROSEMAN. One of the most popular and esteemed residents and enterprising young- business men of Cape May is A. Walter Roseman, who is engaged in the drug business, in real estate speculation, and is the captain of the Hand Bat- tery. He was born in the city which is still his home. January 6. 1864, his parents being Ellwood F. and Harriet W. (Garrison) Roseman. The family is of English origin and was probably transplanted in America at an early period in the history of this county, although we have no authentic account of its establishment on the soil of the New World. The grandfather. George Roseman. engaged in the butchering business for many years in Cape Alay. and was a leading citizen, frequently called to public office. In the public schools of Cape May Captain Walter Roseman acquired his preliminary education, which was supplemented by a course in Penning- ton Seminary. He then began the study of pharmacy through the practical methods of service in a drug store. He was first employed by S. T. Ware and later secured a clerkship in the service of the firm of Marshall & Mecray. For fifteen years he has been associated with Dr. James Mecray in this business, and manages one of the most popular establishments in the drug trade in the county. Other interests have also claimed the attention of Mr. Roseman, who some years ago began operations in that safest of all invest- ments — real estate. He erected fourteen cottages, stores and lodge build- ings on Washington street, and is still the owner of three cottages, including one of the finest residences in Cape May. His real estate dealings have brought to him good financial returns, and as a result he is the possessor of a comfortable competence. On the 2ist of February. 1889. Mr. Roseman was united in marriage to Miss Alfaretta Haynes, a daughter of A. L. Haynes, of Cape May. and they now have two interesting children — Albert W. and Harry E. The parents have a large circle of friends in Cape I\Iay. and their home is celebrated for its gracious hospitality. Mr. Roseman is a member of the board of education, to which position he was elected on the Republican ticket, after a vigorous contest, by a vote of one hundred and eighty-seven, the total number of votes cast being two hundred and sixty-seven. As a member of the board he endeavors to up- hold the issues and principles upon which he was elected, and to advance in every possible way the usefulness of the schools. Such men have done much for the cause of education in this community, and the schools of Cape May take rank with the best in the state. Mr. Roseman is also connected with several civic societies, being a member of the Ancient Order of United CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 543 Workmen, the Improved Order of Heptasophs and the Imjiroved Order of Red Men. He was one of the organizers and is now the captain of the Henry W. Hand Battery, consisting of thirty-seven men from among the best yonng men of Cape Ma}-. The company was formed with the expectation of en- tering the United States service in the late war with Spain, and their services were offered to the state to be admitted to the regular state guard; but as there was no provision for light artillery, it was determined to equip at their own expense. This was done, and when the war with Spain ended they decided to continue the organization, which is one that is a source of pride to Cape May. Their purpose is now philanthropic in its character, and many organizations and societies have received from them substantial aid. In order to render this they give entertainments, whereby they secure the funds to assist the needy ones. Captain Hand is the favorite commander of the company, and in all circles, militars', civic and social, he is well liked, being of a very genial disposition and social nature. Obliging and cour- teous in his commercial business, he has won many friends through the avenue of his business life, and wherever he is known he is held in high regard. WILLIAM ISZARD. It is doubtful whether in an\ country other than ours the conditions exist which render possible such achievements as America has witnessed, and the lives of such men as Mr. Iszard should serve as a stimulus to the youth of the land, as illustrating what may be accomplished under even the most ad- verse conditions. He had no especial advantages in boyhood, but he marketl out a line of conduct in life and lived up to it. From the first his ambition was an honorable one, and his history proves conclusively that where there is a will a way may be found. He is now possessed of a beautiful home in Woodbury, a good income, surrounded by a happy family, and what he has accomplished in the business world has been done solely and entirely by honest, unyielding endeavor. What he has done can be done by others, and therefore his example is a valuable one. Mr. Iszard was born in Glassboro; where he now makes his home, his natal day being November 22, 1835, and is of Swedish Hneage. His grand- father, Gabriel Iszard, came to this country from Sweden accompanied by his brothers, John and Ralph. The former settled in Cape May, New Jersey: and the latter loyally served his adopted country as a general in the war of 181 2 in which he was killed. Gabriel Iszard took up his abode in Clayton 544 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and became one of the leading and influential citizens of that community. He was called "honest Iszard," so scrupulously exact was he in all dealings. His integrity was above question and his reputation unassailable. He served as assessor when his township embraced several counties, extending from the ocean to the Delaware river. He married Abigail Ledden, a lady of Eng- lish descent and a very devout woman who took an active part in church work. In their family were twelve children, eleven of whom were reared to maturity and the youngest being sixty-four years of age at the time of the mother's death in her eighty-fifth year. Joseph Iszard, the father of our subject, was born in Clayton, New Jer- sey, and by occupation was a farmer. He served as justice of the peace and was judge of the court for a number of years. In matters of public moment he took a deep interest and supported all measures for the general good. He opposed the granting of licenses for selling liquor in hotels and for torty years he was a local minister in the Methodist Episcopal church, doing all in his power to advance its growth and upbuilding. His death occurred in 1865, and the community thereby lost one of its most valued citizens. His wife bore the maiden name of Mary Swope and was a daughter of Joseph Swope, of Williamstown, who was of German descent. Her death occurred in 1893. In the family were four children, but Dolly is now deceased. Those still living are Jacob, a physician of Glassboro; Ira, who is living in Glass- boro; and William. The father was a very enterprising man, and his splendid business and executive ability enabled him to acquire a large estate. Like his father, he was a stalwart advocate of the temperance cause and his name headed the subscription lists for the building of many churches. His wife was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church for many years and her many admirable qualities \\on her the regard of all. Mr. Iszard of this review acquired his preliminary education in the coun- try schools and afterward pursued his education in a school near Albany, New York. In 1844, at the age of nineteen years, he began teaching near Bridgewater, and for a time followed the same profession in Alloway and in Cape May Court House. He was then numbered among the most able edu- cators of Clayton for nineteen years and was county examiner for twenty years. He was never absent from his duties but two half days throughout the long period of his connection with the Clayton schools, and under his direction the educational interests of the town were greatly improved and advanced. The records show that thirty thousand pupils have been under his instruction, and who can measure the influence which he has had upon them, for the impressions of youth are ever the strongest, and those made by a conscientious as well as talented teacher are ver\- marked indeed. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 545 Since his retirement from educational circles, Mr. Iszard has devoted his energies to the management of his property interests and investments. He has erected a number of residences in Clayton and Glassboro, and in 1894 removed to the latter place. He owns seventeen houses here, and has alto- gether thirty-six residences, variously located in Camden, Clayton, Glass- boro and Philadelphia. In addition he owns six hundred acres of valuable farming lands, and from his property interests he derives a good income. He was one of the organizers of the First National Bank in Glassboro, and from the beginning has been a member of its board of directors. His earnings have been very judiciously invested, so that his capital is constantly increas- ing, and thus has he risen to a position of afHuence. On the 4th of August, 1875, Mr. Iszard was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Cooke, a lady of culture and refinement, and unto them have been born three children: Harriet, at home; and Ralph and Walter, who are studying medicine. Mr. Iszard was a member of the Presbyterian church of Clayton and secretary of the Sunday-school Association of that place, and ot his township. He was also a trustee of the church in Clayton, and he is now the secretary of the Sunday-school Association in Glassboro. He takes a deep interest in the work of the church in its various departments, and is a public-spirited citizen who withholds his support from no movement that is calculated to prove of public benefit. JOHN NEWCOMB. With one exception John Newcomb is the oldest resident of Wildwood, Cape May county, and is certainly one of the best known men of this section of the state. He was reared in Burlington county. New Jersey, near Med- ford, and at a very early age started out in life for himself, since which time he has depended entirely upon his own efforts. His success has come to him as the result of untiring application, ambition, industry and enterprise. He became a road contractor and built eighteen miles of road from Newfield to Atlantic City, employing over two hundred men in its construction. He lived for some years in Vineland and in Millville, then coming to Wildwood, and on the 14th of November, 1882, he arrived on the site of the town which has since been his home. There was but one man in the future village at that time. Here he engaged in teaming, grading, etc. His in- dustry and honesty soon won him a good name and gained him a very liberal patronage. The well-constructed streets of Wildwood and most of the beau- tiful lawns and parks are his handiwork, for he possesses much skill as a land- H-II 546 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST scape gardener and has done much to improve and beautify the town. When he first came to W'ikhvood lie had the management of the West Jersey Ex- press, and later was the proprietor of the Aldine Hotel, which he sold in 1898. As the years have passed he has made judicious investments in real estate and now owns a number of houses and other valuable property in ^^"ildwood. Aside from the work which he has done here, he opened all of the streets in Holly Beach and was also one of the builders of that town. He has taken an active part in all public matters and for sixteen years he has had charge of all street work in Wildwood and has held the office of street commissioner. He also engages in the management of a fine livery stable, the only one on the island on which W'iidwood is located, and does all the teaming and hauling in this section. Mr. Newcomb was united in marriage to a daughter of Andrew Brad- ley, and they have one daughter, Minnie. Theirs is one of the beautiful homes for which W'ikhvood is noted and for its hospitality it is justly cele- brated. ^Ir. Newcomb is a member of Cape Island Lodge, No. 30, F. & A. M., at Cape May, and is also a member of the United Workmen. Politically he is connected with the Democracy, and religiously with the Baptist Church of \\ ildwood in which he is now serving as a trustee. His life demonstrates the fact that success is not a matter of genius, but is the otitcome of resolute will, sound judgment and unflagging industrj'. T. M. TAGGART. J. M. Taggart. of \\'illiamstown, was born in Deer Creek, Pennsyl- vania, December 31, 1841, and is of Scotch lineage; but his ancestors were driven from Scotland during the persecution of the Protestants of that land, and James Taggart, the father of our subject, was born in county Antrim. Ireland. The branch of the family now in the Emerald Isle has in its pos- session a Bible that was once baked in a loaf of bread in order to save it from being destroyed by the Catholics! In 1836 James Taggart left the land of his nativity and crossed the broad Atlantic to America, taking up his residence in Allegheny county. Pennsylvania, where he carried on agri- cultural pursuits. By occupation he was a farmer and in his- business deal- ings was very successful. In 1842 he removed to the homestead farm at Williamstown, upon which our subject now resides, there making his home until his death, which occurred in 1873. He married Catharine Murphy, who was born in countv Antrim, Ireland, and who is now living at the verv CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 547 advanced age of ninety-two years. There were two children in the family, but one has passed away. J. M. Taggart attended the common schools of Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, and throughout his life has been connected with farming in- terests. He early learned to handle the plow and to harvest the crops, and upon his father's death he assumed the management and became the owner of the homestead farm of sixty-two acres. This he has placed under a high state of cultivation and its well-tilled fields yield to him a golden tribute in return for the labor bestowed upon them. In 1875 Mr. Taggart was united in marriage to Miss Jane, a daughter of Robert Tweed, a native of Ireland, and they have four children, of whom three are living, — James, Robert and Kate, — all at their paternal home. The family attend the Presbyterian church, of which Mr. Taggart is a faithful member. He has ser\'ed as one of its elders for iifteen years and is zealous in promoting the growth and upbuilding of the organization with which he is identified. He was sent as a commissioner to the general as- sembly of his church at Winona Lake, Indiana, in May, 1898. He takes quite an active part in political aflairs, exercising his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the Democratic party. He has served on the election board and has been a member of the township committee. PETER L. VOORHEES, A. M., LL. B. Peter L. Voorhees was for many years one of the most prominent and successful attorneys of Camden. Admitted to the bar, he at once entered upon practice, and from the beginning was unusually prosperous in everv respect. The success which he attained was due to his own efTorts and merit. The possession of advantage is no guaranty whatever of profes- sional success. This comes not of itself, nor can it be secured without in- tegrity, ability and industry. Those qualities he possessed to an eminent degree, and he was faithful to every interest committed to his charge. Throughout his life, whatsoever his hand found to do, whether in his pro- fessional or private duties, or in any other sphere, he did with all his might and with a deep sense of conscientious obligation. Mr. Voorhees was a native of New Jersey, born in Blawenburg, Somer- set county, July 12, 1825, and was the second son of Peter and Jane (Schenck) Voorhees. He comes of illustrious ancestry, being a lineal de- scendant of Count Albert Van Voor Hees, who lived, prior to 1600, in "front of" (voor) the village of Hess, near Ruinen, Drenthe, Holland. His son. 548 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Stephen Coerte. emigrated from Holland to America in April, 1660, and located at Flatlands, Long Island, where he purchased a large amount of property, paying for the same three thousand guilders, which was a fortune in those days. His great-grandson. Peter Gerritse Van Voorhees, left Long Island in 1720 to escape the payment of tithes to the English church, enforced by the colonial government, and settled in Blawenburg, New Jer- sey. One of his descendants, Peter Van Voorhees, gave his land to his grandson Peter, at the same time ordering his slaves to be emancipated. The latter's father, Martin, dropped the prefix Van from the surname. He was the grandfather of our subject. The father, Peter Voorhees, was born May 27, 1787, and was married March 2, 1809, to Jane Schenck. It is re- lated of her father. Captain John Schenck, one of the patriots of the Revolu- tion, that in December 1778 with a few of his neighbors and a very scant supply of ammunition, he ambuscaded the British ad\ance guard at Rin- goes and drove it back to the main column. The early life of our subject was spent on the old homestead in Blawen- burg, and he attended the common schools of that place. On attaining his majority he chose the law as a profession, and entered the office of Richard S. Field at Princeton as a student. Subsequently he attended the law school then connected with the College of New Jersey, where he was granted the degree of Master of Arts and Bachelor of Laws. In Novemoer, 185 1, he was admitted to the bar, and the following year located in Camden, where he continued to successfully engage in practice throughout life. He became one of the most distinguished attorneys in his section of the state and was considered unimpeachable authority upon questions of practice. Among his most noted cases was that of Black versus the Delaware & Raritan Canal Company, involving the control of the New Jersey railways now operated by the Pennsylvania Company. Mr. Voorhees was opposed to the last named corporation, and was so successful that the company was compelled to procure special legislation to effect its purpose. He so dis- tinguished himself in that case that he was afterward retained as counsel for the Pennsylvania Company, which controlled the Camden & Amboy, the West Jersey, and the Camden & Atlantic Railroads. The Mickle Will case was another celeljrated suit in which Mr. ^'oorhees won success for his clients. It has been said of him: "The main characteristic of his professional eminence was his thorough knowledge of the law. Profoundly versed in its principles and practice, his mind was a storehouse of information upon its most complicated and abstruse questions. The diligence with which he mastered every point in a litigated case was assisted to success by a CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 549 wonderfully retentive memory and a remarkable power of application. He was an authorit_v upon the difficult and doubtful intricacies of land titles, and some of his most creditable victories before the courts were won in such cases." In addition to his law business Mr. Voorhees served as the president of the Camden Safe Deposit & Trust Company, a director of the AVest Jersey Ferry Company and manager of the Cooper Hospital. Mr. Voorhees was married October 16, 1855, to Miss Anna Finley Dayton, a sister of the Hon. William L. Dayton, who was a United States senator, United States minister to France, and the nominee for vice presi- dent on the national Republican ticket in 1856. Mrs. Voorhees died in 1880, leaving one child, Jennie Dayton, and our subject departed this life November 28, 1895. Politically Mr. Voorhees was a conservative Repulilican but was never a politician in the sense of office seeking, though he ser\'ed as city solicitor of Camden one year, being elected by the Republicans and Democrats in opposition to the "Native American" party. In his private life he was dis- tinguished for his Christian piety. He was reared in the Dutch Reformed church, but in 1853 he united with the Presbyterian church, and from that time until his death he took an active and prominent part in the work of the First church of Camden, being especially active as a teacher in the Sunday-school, and untiring in his efforts to interest those under his charge and insure their regular attendance. Plis life was exemplary in all respects and well worthv of emulation. WESTLEY R. WALES. M. D. Westley R. Wales, M. D., is one of the young practicing physicians of Cape May county, but his ability is not limited by his years for he has al- ready gained a prestige that might well be envied by many an older practi- tioner. He resides in Cape May, which is the city of his birth, his natal day being October 21, 1869. He traces his ancestry back to Timothy Wales, one of the twenty children of Ebenezer Wales. The former was said to be a man of excellent common sense and sound judgment and jox'ial and genial in disposition. He was born October 9. 1737. and at various times resided in Union, Hebron and Bolton. Connecticut. He married Sarah Loomis and their children were Elizabeth, Timothy. Roger, Sarah and Roxanna. Elizabeth became the wife of Jabez L. White, of Bolton, Connecticut, and to them were born eleven children: Anna L. Bailey: 550 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Elizabeth, the wife of Anderson Cook; Sarah, the wife of Samuel Williams; Roxanna; Clarissa, the wife of Hon. Benjamin Ruggles, United States senator from Clarksville, Ohio; Jabez, an eminent physician who married Emily Ilammnnd; George Clinton White, who was the president of White's Bank at BnfTalo, New York; Sophronia, the wife of Chester Strickland; Joel, Royal and Thomas Jefferson. Eli Bentley Wales was born July lo, 1798, and was a man of great energy who met with creditable success in his business. He served as judge and was a man of prominence in his community. He was married in 1818 to Sarah H. Hughes, a daughter of Thomas Hughes, of Cape May, and they became the parents of nine children: Sallie, who was born in 1819. married Downs Edmunds, and their children were Sarah, the wife of Edgar P. Stiles; Ti-yphonia B., the wife of Samuel W. Reeves, a lawyer of Phila- delphia; Eli, who is holding a governmental position; and N.. who married Lydia Crowell, of Norfolk, Virginia, and they had two daughters, Lillie and Emma. Belinda J., the second of the family, was born in 1822: Har- riet B., born in 1825, became the wife of Joseph Young and had six chil- dren, — Sallie B., Edmund W., Joseph, Brisley, Mary E. and Howard; Eleanor B., born in 1827, became the third wife of Downs Edmunds; Thomas R., l)orn in 1830, married Martha C, and their children are Sallie, Edward \V., James, C. Wesley, of this review, and Allan; Lydia H.. born in 1832, became the wife of Alvin P. Hildreth, and their children are Frank H. and Jane M. E.; Edward, born in 1834, and died in 1835; Mary H., born in 1836, married Walter A. Barrows, a lawyer and at one time the county superintendent of the public schools at Mount Holly, New Jersey, and their children were Walter A., Jr., and Helen W., and EH B., the youngest, is a practicing physician. Judge Eli B. Wales, the father of the children just named, after the death of his first wife, married Harriet Edmonds, a widow of James Edmonds. Her maiden name was ,Whittimore and her native state was Connecticut. By her marriage they had one son, George H., who was born in 1841 and died in 1871. For his third wife Judge Wales married Mrs. James Schellinger, of Cape May. Under the paternal roof Dr. Wales spent the days of his boyhood, ac- quiring his preliminary education in the common schools. He was grad- uated in the high school in the class of 1886 and then entered Blairstown Academy, where he was graduated in 1888. Determining to devote his time and energies to the practice of medicine, he then matriculated in the Jefferson Medical College, completing the course in 1891. Thus well equipped for his chosen calling, he opened an ofifice at May's Landing, New- Jersey, where he remained for eight years, enjoying a good business. Dur- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 551 ing that time he served as the physician of Atlantic county for three years. Finally Dr. Wales came to Cape May and purchased his present place of business at the corner of Washington and Decatur streets, from the Dr. Kennedy estate, succeeding Dr. Kennedy in the drug business and in the practice of medicine. He conducts a well equipped store and enjoys a lib- eral patronage in the drug trade. His ofifices in the rear are tastefully furnished and supplied with all the appliances that aid the physician in his practice. He is widely known as one of the most successful and able young- physicians of southern New Jersey. He is a diligent student and his knowl- edge of medicine and its uses is comprehensive and accurate. The excellent results which have attended his efforts demonstrate his skill and ability and make him a leading member of the profession. He belongs to the county medical societies of both Atlantic and Cape May counties. The Doctor is a valued representative of several civic societies and is the past master of Unity Lodge, F. & A. M., at May's Landing. He has also served as junior and senior deacon and junior and senior warden of his lodge. For six years he was a member of Company H, Sixth Regiment of New Jersey National Guards, and in his political affiliations he has been a Republican since attaining his majority. His marriage to Miss Orilla Edmunds was celebrated April 14, 1891, and their union has been blest with one daughter, Martha T. They have a pleasant home in Cape May and enjoy the warm regard of a large circle of friends. ISAAC B. LAWRENCE. Isaac Biddle Lawrence is a hustling, wide-awake business man of Salem, where he has been engaged for more than a quarter of a century, in his present quarters, in the mercantile trade. He was born August 8, 1848. in Mannington township, this county, and was a son of George and Hannah (Jenkins) Lawrence. George was one of five children : William, a farmer who married a Miss Seagraves and died in Salem; Thomas, who married Ann Barnes and was a farmer near Bridgeport, where he died; George; Catherine, who married Adam Stanger and lived in Philadelphia; she hafl two daughters and lived to be seventy years of age; and Mary Ann, who married Anthony Elton, a farmer. George Lawrence was born in Salem county and became an extensive farmer in Mannington township. He took an intelligent interest in local politics and was an adherent of the Democratic partv. He chose as his bride Miss Hannah Jenkins, who bore him ten children, viz. : George, a farmer in Salem county but a resident 552 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST of Woodstown at the time of his death; James, a farmer in this county; Thomas; Abraham; Isaac B. ; Rebecca Whitsell, deceased; Marj- Harris, deceased; Ellen, unmarried; Catherine Smith; and Elizabeth (Mrs. George Winfield), deceased. His death occurred when he had arrived at the age of sixty-three years, and his wife departed this life at the age of seventy. Isaac B. Lawrence attended the district schools of Mannington and Elsinboro townships and then became a clerk in the store of R. P. Hitc for four years. He purchased the property of Major Lawson's estate and has conducted a general store there ever since. His sales-rooms are thirty by thirty-five feet and are neatly and tastefully arranged to show the goods to the best advantage. They are fitted with electric lights, and a base- ment of the same dimensions furnishes a desirable store-room. His stock comprises a large and complete line of dry goods, furnishing goods, staple and fancy groceries, provisions, tin, crockery, and glassware, and a mis- cellaneous assortment of merchandise from which his customers are sure to find just what they want. He has worked up a large and lucrative patron- age and has devoted all his energies to suiting the various tastes of his customers. He has made several judicious investments in real estate and owns sixteen residences, which he keeps in good repair, some of which are among the finest dwellings in the city. He is undoubtedly the largest real- estate owner in Salem and one of the wealthiest citizens. He was married in 1871 to Miss Mary A. Kirby, a daughter of John Kirby. They have one child, Ida, who is at her parental home. Mr, Law- rence is a Democrat in political faith and was formerly a freeholder. He was the city treasurer two terms — in 1874-5 and in 1884-5. I" religion he is a member of the Friends' church. He has been a member of Forest Lodge, Knights of Pythias, since its organization in 1869, and Brown Lodge, No. 249; Fenwick Lodge, I. O. O. F., and Salem Encampment. He has also been a member of the Red ]\Ien several years. He is a director of the Salem Mutual Fire Insurance Company, a successor to Judge Albert Slape, deceased. He is one of the substantial, enterprising citizens, whose energy and forethought mean so much to any city or village and bring prosperity in their wake. WILLIAM H. COZENS. Among the leading citizens of Swedesboro is the gentleman whose name heads this sketch, and who, until 1893, was actively engaged in agri- cultural pursuits. He was born in Deptford township, Gloucester countv, September 6, 1852. His parents were Richard and Elizabeth (Hayes) CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEIV JERSEY. 553 Cozens, natives of New Jersey. His father was a farmer by occupation. The parents were married on the i8th of January, 1850, and had four chil- dren : Alary P., who was born July 19. 185 1, married William Titus, of Paulsboro, and has four children; Ellen, born April 14, 1854, is the wife of Samuel Hannold, of Philadelphia, and has three children; William H., is the ne.xt of the family; and Charles, who was born May 6, 1856, died August 12, 1858. The father died about 1857, when thirty-five years of age, and the mother passed away in July, 188 1, at the age of fifty-one. After the death of the father the family removed to Greenwich town- ship, and it was in the schools of that locality that the subject of this sketch obtained his education. His entire life has been devoted to farming. In 1880 he purchased a fine farm of fifty-six acres, one mile from Swedesboro, and resided there for thirteen years. It was located on the turnpike be- tween 'Woodbury and Swedesboro adjoining the Salsbury farm. He still retains the ownership of this, and has another farm in South Harrison town- ship, between Swedesboro and Harrison ville. In 1893, however, he decided to retire from active work and removed to this city, where he has a com- fortable home, which was rebuilt and modernized in 1898. He is a stock- holder in the Swedesboro Heat, Light & Power Company, and his wife is a stockholder in the Swedesboro National Bank. Mr. Cozens was married December 13, 1876, to Kate A. Allen, a daugh- ter of Henry Allen, of Gibbstown, New Jersey. They have two daughters, — Marie A. and Lizzie H. The family are members of the Protestant Episco- pal church, to the work of which they are always ready to give liberal as- sistance. Mr. Cozens belongs to the Swedesboro Grange and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. EDWARD L. STRATTON. This old-time and honored citizen of Alullica Hill, of which place he is a native, is of good old English stock and bears an enviable record both as a business man of integrity and a brave soldier during the civil war. The heroes of that unique and hotly-contested struggle for the maintenance of the Union are yearly falling by the wayside from old age and its accompany- ing infirmities, and it is fitting that we who reaped the reward of their cour- ageous deeds should gather and preserve in some permanent fomi every- thing we can find regarding their histories. The grandfather of Colonel Stratton, Jacob Stratton, was the son of Samuel, one of three brothers, the sons of William Stratton. of Stratford. 554 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST England. Nathan T.. the son of Jacob and father of the subject of this sketch, was bom in Piles Grove. Salem count}-. New Jersey, and in 1827 went to Philadelphia, where he spent one year in a store. On January 9. 1829. he removed to Mullica Hill where he engaged in the mercantile busi- ness with Jonathan Colson. In 1833 he returned to Philadelphia, but the following year again began business in Mullica Hill, forming a partnership in 1S35 with a son of his former employer, the firm being known as Colson & Stratton. This connection lasted until 1S4.1, when Mr. Stratton went into business for himself. He was a member of the state legislature in 1844. and in 1850 was elected on the Democratic ticket as a representative of his district to the United States congress, his opponent in the campaign being Thomas H. Whiting. He was re-elected in 1852, and, with the exception of Hon. Thomas il. Ferrell, no Democrat has since been elected to congress from that district. Nathan T. Stratton married Sarah M., a daughter of Isaac Shenvin. Mrs. Stratton was a woman of fine character, quiet and retiring in her dis- position, devoted to her home and family, a mother whose children "rise up and call her blessed." She died September 30. i860. lea\'ing behind her the memory- of a well spent life. The father passed away March 9. 1887, at the ripe age of seventy-four years. He was a man of strong per- sonality', active in many Unes, and held a prominent place in his commu- raty. He settled up many estates and paid out the large amount of seventeen thousand dollars as securit>- money. Foiu* of the children of this worthy couple are li^-ing: Isaac S., a justice of the peace at Swedes- boro. New Jersey: Edward L.: Mary L.. now ilrs. Moore; and Jacob J., residing in Mullica Hill. James Stratton enlisted when a school boy of sixteen in his brother Edward's company, in the Twelfth New Jersey Vol- unteers, was killed in battle August 25. 1864. and his remains were brought home and buried. Colonel Edward L. Stratton was bom at Mullica Hill, March 14. 1839. As a boy he studied in the schools at home, and later at Wilmington. Delaware, and for one term in West Jersey College, at Bridgeton. He began his business career as a partner with his father in the firm of N. T. Stratton & Son. they owning a large store in ^Mullica Hill and also one in Swedesboro. After the war the firm became Stratton & Brother. The call for volunteers which resounded through the land when war was com- menced between the north and the south, met with a ready response from thousands of the loyal young men who \\-ithout hesitation left their schools, their stores, their farms and their homes to ser^-e their country-. Among these was Edward L. Stratton, who in June, 1862, enlisted as a recruiting CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJJ' JERSEY. 555 officer for Company F, Twelfth New Jersey Volunteers. His company was the first in the regiment to make up its complement of men, and he was appointed captain on August 15, 1862. being mustered in September 4. His regiment was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and in the battle of Chancellorsville it lost two hundred and fifty men. Captain Stratton was in the front rank at tliis bloody engagement and was severely wounded, losing his right leg in consequence. He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for gallant conduct in battle, and was made colonel for similar reasons. At length he resigned his commission and was appointed captain in the Invalid Corps. He held various positions in the hospitals at Philadelphia and Fortress Monroe, and in the barracks at Washington, and was assist- ant inspector general under General Wilcox in the Department of the Ohio. He was mustered out of the service July 20, 1866. Colonel Stratton continued in the mercantile business until 1886, and for ten years — from 1885 to 1895. — ^was a lay member of the Gloucester court. He was the postmaster at Mullica Hill during both of Cleveland's administrations and has since been engaged in the real-estate and insur- ance business. He has for many years been a member and trustee of the Baptist chvtrch and has been the secretary of the Building & Loan Asso- ciation of Mullica Hill ever since its organization in 1886. He is also the financier of the conclave of the order of Heptasophs. He is a Democrat in politics, and in 1883 ran for the office of surrogate, but was beaten by a small majority. At another time he ran for the legislature on the same ticket with Governor Parker, and in 1898 was again a candidate, his opponent being Governor Walters. Colonel Stratton was married December 25, 1886, to Emma, a daughter of Joseph Harker, of Swedesboro, and four children have been born to them: Sarah, Emma H., Deborah and Edward L., Jr. The latter was in the employ of the United States at Fort Delaware. ANDERSON BOURGEOIS. Anderson Bourgeois is a well-known capitalist who controls extensive real-estate interests in Cape May county, maintaining his residence in Estelville. He was born in Morristown, New Jersey, November 15, 1859, and is a son of George and Mary (Broadwater) Bourgeois. The family name is of French origin, and the grandfather, Edward A. Bourgeois, was the first of the name to seek a home in America, crossing the Atlantic about 1823. He located in Philadelphia, where he followed the trade of dveing;, which he had learned in his native land. There he resided until 556 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST his marriage to Miss Sallie Scattergood, after which he removed to New Orleans, Louisiana, where he remained for ten years, when he returned to Philadelphia. During the succeeding two decades he was connected with tiie business interests of the latter city, after which he spent his re- maining days in traveling, visiting France and other European countries. He also went to Panama and Central America, his death occurring on the isthmus. He was a representative of one of the distinguished families of our sister Republic, being a relative of Minister M. Bourgeois. His chil- dren were Edward, a bricklayer now residing in St. Louis; George: and Sallie, who died in Philadelphia. George Bourgeois was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, February 14. 1833, and became a contractor and builder. He resided in Philadelphia until eighteen years of age, when he removed to Morristown, where he made his home until 1889, since which time he has been a resident of Ocean City, Cape May county. His ability in the line of his chosen voca- tion is indicated by the extensive patronage which he receives. He has erected here the Atlantic Hotel and the merry-go-rounds, and took the contract for building a board walk fifty-eigb.t hundred feet long with twenty-nine hundred feet of approaches. This work he completed in 1897-8. His political support is given the Democracy, and socially he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In his family are six children: Edward, a contractor and builder, who married Anna Stites; Anderson; Helen, the wife of James Morts, a contractor, by whom she has two sons, Bertie and John; George Edward, an attorney-at-law in Atlantic City, who married Emma Boggs, and has one daughter, Ellen: Sallie; and Anna, wife of Harry G. Steadman. In the public schools of Morristown Mr. Bourgeois, of this review. ]iur- sued his education, and was graduated in the class of 1877. He subse- quently attended the University of Pennsylvania, where he completed the law course, being graduated in 1888 and the same year he was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia. He then married Miss Anna Estell, and located in Estelville, to look after the Estell estate which comprises twenty thou- sand acres of land, six farms, two thousand acres of meadow land and some timber tracts, a gristmill and a sawmill. He is also interested in real estate in Ocean City, having there some valuable property. He owns the Hotel ^tna. together with fourteen residences, three stores and ofifice buildings at No. 9 Asbury avenue, and about one hundred building lots. The control of these extensi\e property interests demands great care and business ability. It requires marked executive force and keen discernment to make real estate in\cstnients i^rofitable so that they yield a good in- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 557 terest upon the capital. Tliis Mr. Bourgeois is doing, however, and is accounted one of the most enterprising and reliable business men in his adopted county. On the 15th of June, 1887, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Bour- geois and Miss Anna Estell, and they now have an interesting little daugh- ter, Rebecca. Their beautiful home is celebrated for its charming and gracious hospitality, and they enjoy the friendship of many of the best people throughout this section of the state. In his poHtical views Mr. Bourgeois is a Democrat, and has held the office of freeholder, but has never sought or desired political preferment, as his time and attention is fully occupied with his business interests, in which he is meeting with signal success. JOSEPH F. HAND. The volume of business and the importance of the work entrusted to Joseph Fifield Hand is an indication that he is classed among the leading- contractors and buiklers at Ocean City; nor have his efforts been con- fined to this place, as he has erected in other sections of the country sub- stantial structures, whose architectural beauty and fine workmanship have elicited wide praise. As the history of a community is best told by the lives of its representative men, we take great pleasure in presenting to our readers the record of this well-known resident of Ocean City. Mr. Hand was born in Tuckerton, New Jersey, May 7, 1852, his parents being Jeremiah Learning and Susan (Downs) Hand. His paternal grand- father, Aaron Hand, resided at Townsend's Inlet, Cape May county, where he owned and managed a large farm. He exercised his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the Republican party. His son, Jere- miah Leaming Hand, was born at Townsend's Inlet, and was educated in the medical profession. For many years he practiced at Tuckerton. In early life he was a sea captain, but his vessel was lost in a storm and he afterward engaged in the practice of medicine; but he is now living retired and enjoying the rest which he has truly earned and richly deserves. In politics he votes the Republican ticket, and his religious belief is in har- mony with the teachings of the Methodist Episcopal church, and he has held various offices in the organizations in which he holds membership. He married Miss Susan Downs, who died in 1879, and in their family were two sons and two daughters. Mr. Hand, of this review, is the only sur- viving child. The Doctor, however, is still living and has reached the Psalmist's span of three-score years and ten. His wife was a daughter of 558 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Isaac Downs, an oyster-planter who resided in Tuckerton, New Jersey. His wife was Mrs. Ann Downs, and their children were Samuel, Charles, Marj-, Susan, Hulda and Jackson. Mr. Hand, of this sketch, obtained his education in Pennington Sem- inary, but his mother died before the time of his graduation arrived and accordingly he returned home, where he remained for three years. He afterward learned the carpenter's trade and for a short time worked as a journeyman; after which he began contracting and building on his own account. He built the life-saving stations at Long Beach and at Anglesea. and the first work he undertook in Ocean City was the erection of the artistic little cottage Holiday. Since that time, under his supervision, nave been put up many of the best cottages and hotels here, including the hand- some residence of Rev. B. H. Sanderlin and the Methodist Episcopal church. He furnishes employment for fourteen men. Mr. Hand is also interested in real estate and owns two excellent buildings, including stores and living rooms. On the 15th of October, 1873, ^^'^^ celebrated the marriage of our sub- ject to Mary A., a daughter of Gershon Fielder, of Port Republic, New Jersey. Her paternal grandfather, Robert Fielder, resided at Manahawkin, Ocean county, and was both a farmer and seaman. He married Hannah Brown, and they became the parents of five children: Gershon, Lydia, Mary, Benjamin and Dan, — the last named now deceased. Gershon Fielder was born at Manahawkin and devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits. He is deceased : his wife passed away at the age of seventy-nine. In their family were four sons and a daughter: Daniel, Robert, Mary, Joseph and Gershon. Unto Mr. and IMrs. Hand have been born six chil- dren: Cora A., Bertha, Bella, Harold, Gussie Edward and Hazel. Mr. Hand is a member of the Independent Order of Red Men and the Junior Order of American ^Mechanics. His life exemplifies the fraternal spirit and benevolent principles of these organizations. He serves his city as a member of the fire department and contributes to the cause of Chris- tianity by his labors in behalf of the Methodist Episcopal church. His life has been an active, busy and useful one, and his fidelity to duty is well worthy of emulation. LORENZO A. DOWNS. Everywhere in our land are found men who have worked their own way from humble and lowly beginnings to places of leadership in the commerce, the great productive industries, and the management of the veins and CONGRESSIOXAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 559 arteries of the traffic and exchanges of the country. Difficulties and obsta- cles in their path seem but to serve as an impetus for renewed and more persistent effort, and thus they have steadily worked their way upward. Of such a class Mr. Downs is a representative, and to-day he occupies a prominent position in the financial circles of Atlantic City, being the cashier of the Second National Bank, and secretarj- and treasurer of the Atlantic Safety Deposit and Trust Company. A native of New Jersey, he was born in Downsville, Gloucester county, October 9, 1839, ^"^^ is a representative of an old family of German origin. His grandfather, Aquilla Downs, was a man of prominence who served as a local preacher and exerted a strong influence for good in the community in which he lived. He was an extensive land-owner and the town of Downs- ville was named in his honor. Jesse Downs, the father of our subject, was born at that place and became a farmer and lumber merchant, conducting a profitable business. He held a number of township offices and was a leading worker and officer in the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he was a member until his death in 1882. He married Miss Katherine Kandle, a daughter of John Kandle, of Salem county, and her death occurred in 1884. They were the parents of six children, three of whom are living, namely: Lorenzo A.; Christian S., a merchant of Newfield, Gloucester county; and Precilla B.. the widow of Charles H. Chew, of Downsville. Lorenzo A. Downs attended the local schools, but at an early age put aside his text-books and entered a store at Forest Grove near his home, where he was employed for five years. On the expiration of that period he established a store and sawmill at Downsville, and after that was elected to a number of local offices, which claimed the greater part of his time and attention for some years. In 1870 he was chosen as the town clerk of Buena Vista township, Atlantic county, for one year's ser\'ice, and on his retirement from that office he was elected and served for four years as a collector. He was next elected the clerk of Atlantic county, receiving every vote in his township with the exception of three, — a fact which well indicates his popularity in the community in wdiich he is best known. He continued to hold that office by successive re-elections for five years, a longer term than has been accorded any other incumbent. In 1877 Mr. Downs went to Atlantic City and accepted the position as the bookkeeper in the Second National Bank, serving in that capacity for six months. When the Atlantic City Deposit & Trust Company was organized he was at once made its secretary and treasurer, and has ever since filled those positions. On the ist of May, 1889, he was elected the 56o BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST cashier of the Second National Bank, and is now discharging the duties of both offices. He is also a director in the State Building & Loan Associa- tion, of Camden, and in the Atlantic Coast Building & Loan Association. In 1861 was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Downs and Miss Fanny Henny, a daughter of Samuel Henny, of Salem county. They have two children, — Laura and Mary, — the latter now the wife of Harry Woodruff. In his political views Mr. Downs is a Ke])ul)lican, and exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of that party. Socially he is a Mason and belongs to the Central Methodist Episcopal church, in which he is holding the office of trustee. He is a public-spirited citizen and takes a deep interest in all matters pertaining to the social, intellectual and moral improvement of the community. He possesses marked executive ability and keen discernment, qualities which have brought him very enviaJDle success, while his commendable methods have secured him the confidence and regard of all. Although he started out in life empty-handed he now occupies a leading position in financial circles in Atlantic City and is well deserving of representation in this volume. DANIEL KLOS. Daniel Klos, one of the most progressive farmers of southern New Jersey, furnishes an excellent illustration of wdiat can be accomplished by a young man of pluck and energy coming to this country w'ithout means and without e\en a knowledge of the English language. The record of his life, in brief, is as follows : Daniel Klos was born in Zweibriicken, Rhinefels. Bavaria, Germany. May 21, i860, a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Schmitt) Klos, and is the eldest of five children, namely: Daniel; Eva, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Lena, of Swedesboro, New Jersey; and Lewis and Ernest, who are on the farm, with their brother Daniel. Mr. Klos passed his boyhood days on a farm in his native land, receiving a public-school education, and in 1880 said good-by to home and friends and came to America, believing that the opportunities for advancement were better here than in the old country. In the spring of 1883 he sent for his brothers and sisters, and the following- year for his parents. His father died here September 25, 1898, at the age of eighty-one years; and his mother, aged seventy-three at this writing, is living with him. On his arrival in this country, Mr. Klos came direct to Swedesboro and his first three years here were spent as a farm hand, working by the month. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 561 Then he rented the farm he now owns, and cuhivated it on shares for ten years, until 1893, when he purchased it. This farm comprises one hundred and forty-one acres of excellent land, well improved, ranking with the finest farm properties in Gloucester county. Its sightly and substantial buildings, excepting the residence, were erected by him. Strong and will- ing to work, and with an indomitable ambition to get on in the world, Mr. Klos was unceasing in his efl'orts to get a start, and when he engaged in farming on his own responsibility he knew by experience how to conduct the same successfully; and, unlike many men of fortune, Mr. Klos has not accumulated his means through practices of penury or penny-grasping. He is rather of a generous, open-handed nature and has made his money by good management and doing things on a large scale. He is to-day ranked with the substantial and highly respected citizens of his community. Mr. Klos is an active member of the Swedesboro Grange, and takes a lively interest in everything that will promote the welfare of the agri- culturist. P. J. JORDAN. It is not an unusual thing to find that the men who are now leaders in business circles have arisen to their present positions of prominence through their own unaided efiforts. Of this class Mr. Jordan is a repre- sentative, and though he started out in life hampered by poverty and fet- tered by the lack of educational privileges, he is to-day one of the most successful dry-goods merchants of Camden. A native of the Emerald Isle, he was born in county Mayo, in April. 1856. His father, Michael Jordan, was a native of the same locality and a farmer by occupation, but he died when his son was only three years of age, and leaving the family in limited circumstances, Mr. Jordan was forced to earn his own living during his early youth. He worked as a farm laborer, but in 1 87 1 he determined to trj' his fortune in America, believing that better opportunities were furnished yoimg men in this land than in the older countries of Eiirope. Crossing the Atlantic to New York, he made his way to New Jersey and for four years worked on a farm near New Brunswick, during which time he sent all of his wages to his widowed mother. He then went to Philadelphia, where he was employed in an installment house as salesman and collector until 1882. That year witnessed the arrival of Mr. Jordan in Camden, since which time he has been identified with the mercantile interests of this city. He opened a very small store at No. 546 Federal street and equipped it with II— jj 562 BIOGRAI'IIICII. HISTORY OF THE FIRST a stock of dry goods. His capital consisted of about one thousand dollars, which he had saved from his wages in former years. He remained at his first location for two years, when, finding his quarters too small, he re- moved to a building on the site of his present store and there he carried on trade for two years, at the end of which time he tore down the building and erected his present large business block, which is one hundred feet deep, of twenty-two feet front and four stories high. He carries a large and complete line of dry goods, clothing for men, women and children, and furniture. Employment is furnished to fifteen people, and the sales have now reached large proportions, bringing to him an excellent income. Year by year his business has increased till he is now one of the leading mer- chants of this section of the state. His own well-directed efforts have brought to him a handsome capital, which numbers him among the wealthy men of Camden. He has made judicious investments in other lines, and his keen discernment has enabled him to put his money wdiere it has brought a good rate of interest. Mr. Jordan was united in marriage to Miss I\Iary A. Enright. of Philadelphia, who died February 4, 1897, leaving two sons, — Joseph and Philip. Frequently Mr. Jordan has been solicited to accept ofiice, but has always refused. He is a Catholic in his religious belief and contributes liberally to the support of his church. His example illustrates most forciblv the opportunities which America affords to young men of intelligence, industry and ambition. -His hope of meeting with success in the New- World has been more than realized, and he has not only gained a hand- some competence, but has won many warm friends in the city of his adoption. JOHN GREEN. John Green is a resident of Clarksboro, his native town, his birth having occurred July 13, 1S32, and he is of German lineage. His paternal grandfather, David Green, was born in Germany and became the founder of the family in America, where he acquired extensive landed interests. owning one thousand acres near Swedesboro. Joseph D. Green, the father of our subject, was bom near Swedesboro in 1793 and died in 1887. In early life he learned the butcher's trade, which he followed for manv vears, and later he engaged in farming. He wedded Miss Mary Morris, a daugh- ter of Gilbert Morris, and they became the parents of eight children, six of whom are yet living. The mother, however, has passed away. Mr. Green, of this review, attended the common schools and in earlv CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 563 manhood engaged in teaching for four years, following that profession in Mantua and other places. In 1S57 he purchased the old family homestead and has since carried on farming. He was also the proprietor of a store in Clarksboro for five years, but now devotes his energies exclusively to agricultural pursuits. He owns one hundred and forty acres in the home place and has other land elsewhere. His farming methods are practical and progressive, and by the careful cultivation of his fields he secures good crops, which bring him a desirable income. Mr. Green was united in marriage to Miss Mary B. Hughes, who died in 1888. Of their eight children seven are yet living, namely: Samuel; William; Scott, the proprietor of a hotel in Qarksboro; Rebecca, the wife of Dan Sweaton, who is living near Clarksboro; Isabella. Harry and INIary V. In 1891 Mr. Green was again married, his second union being with Miss Catharine Kealey, a school-teacher. ELLIS C. ELDREDGE. This gentleman is a representative of one of the oldest families of Xew Jersey, and on the pages of the history of the state the family name figures conspicuously. Jeremy Eldredge was sent by the king of England to America to adjust the land titles in southern New Jersey. His son. Aaron, was born June 13, 1771. married Hannah Langdon on the 17th of June. 1792. He was the surrogate of Cape May county in 1801. and the follow- ing year ser\^ed as the coroner. His death occurred August 21. 1819. and his wife, who was born in 1774, died in 1836. She was a lady of many graces and of great kindliness. She was graduated in the Moravian schools at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, the oldest school for young ladies in America, and was said to have been the first lady to own a carriage in Lower town- ship. Cape May county. Her children were Jeremiah L.. Aaron. Eliza, Joseph, William, Stillwell, George and Ephraim. Jeremiah Leaming Eldredge, the grandfather of our suliject, was born July 14, 1793. and married Harriet Tomlin on the i6th of August, 1821, in Goshen, Cape May county. He died of Asiatic cholera at Cold Spring, July 10, 1849. His wife, who was a daughter of William and Sarah Tomlin. was born in Cumberland county. New Jersey. December 3. 1805. and died October 23. 1863. They were the parents of twelve children, the eldest being William Tomlin, the father of our subject. Samuel, born March 30. 1824, died April 26. 1824. Eliza Ellen was bom June 25. 1825. Eliza, the second of the name, was born August 7, 1826, and became the wife of 564 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Humphrey Ilus'lies, a Delaware pilot, by whom she had two children,. — Adrian and Harriet Eldredge. Charles was born February 18, 1830, and became a farmer and carpenter at Shiloh, New Jersey. He married Elizabeth Tomlin, and their children Avere Mrs. Jennie Craig, Judith T., Mrs. Abbie Harris, Harriet and Paul. Jeremiah L., bom November 2, 1831, became a pilot. He wedded Mary Marshall, and their children were Alonzo, wdio was born in 1856, and is now deceased; Ida May, born in 1858; John M.. born in i860; Frank H., who was born in 1862, and is also deceased; and George H., born in 1872. Nelson T., born October 13, 1833, died June 16, 1886. He was a farmer, and for three years served as the sherifif of Cape May county. His wife bore the maiden name of Deborah V. B. Hand, and their children were Marietta, now deceased; Southard, Eliza, Jacob S. and Wood- ruff G. Francis S., born April 22, 1836, became a pilot, and married Eliza- beth Edwards Johnson, by whom he had three children, — Loring B., Joseph J. and Francis G. James S., bom September 28, 1839, was a mail agent and farmer in early life, but aftenvard became a coal dealer at Cape May. He served in Company F of the Twenty-fifth New Jersey Infantry for nine months during the war of the rebellion, enlisting in September, 1862. He now resides in Springfield, Illinois. He married Charlotte P. Stimpson, and their children are Charles S., Augustus and Clara. Harriet, bom December 20, 1841, became the wife of John Parsons, and they have five children, — Mrs. Elizabeth Ritter, ^Irs. Maggie Taylor, Emma, Robert P. and Augustus • S. George E., born September '23, 1845, is a farmer by occupation. He married a daughter of William C. Town and their children are ]\Irs. Harriet Cresse, Lizzie C, Charles and Ada. William Tomlin Eldredge, the father of our subject, was bom at Cape May. October 19, 1822, and died December 4, 1888. Throughout his life he was a Delaware pilot, and during his service he encovmtered a severe storm W'hich prevented him from eftecting a landing, and he was carried across the ocean to Europe. In politics he was a Republican, and in religious belief w"as a Presbyterian. He married Isabelle Corson, of Petersburg, New Jer- sey, and they had six children, as follow-s: Stillwell, who is in the govern- ment employ at the life-saving station at Cape May Point, married Anna Hand; Ellis Corson is the next younger; Walter, who married Mrs. Kate (Worth) Cresse and has one child, is engaged in the grocer}^ and fruit busi- ness at Haddonfield, New Jersey; Lewis, who is an assistant at the Cape May light-house, wedded Mary Harris, by whom he had two children. — Harold and Ida May, — and after the death of his first wife married Miss Weeks; Livingston, a carpenter, married Judith Hofifman, and with their daughter, Florence, they reside at Cape May; and Elizabeth, the youngest CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 565 of the family, is the wife of William Hensley, a millwright and painter, their children being May, Raleigh, Joseph, Harriet and William H. Ellis C. Eldredge, whose name introduces the initial paragraph of this review, was born at Cold Spring, May 6, 1851, and attended the public schools in his native towni until fifteen years of age, w^hen he became appren- ticed as a pilot, serving a six-year term. His hfe has been devoted to the work of safely conducting vessels through the channel of the bay and river into a safe harbor. It is often an arduous task, and one requiring great courage, and on many occasions he has displayed great bravery as well as marked skill and ability. He is a member of the Pennsylvania & Delaware Pilots' Association and of the Pilots' Society. He also belongs to the Ancient Order of Red Men, the Improved Order of Heptasophs, and the Cape May Relief Association. For three years he was a member of Com- pany H, Sixth Regiment New Jersey National Guards, during its existence at Cape May. His political support is given the Democracy, and he is a member of the Cape May Building & Loan Association. On the 20th of August, 1876, Mr. Eldredge was united in marriage to Emma Robison, a daughter of John Robison, who was killed during the civil war. Two children grace their imion, — Flora and Elsie D., both at home. Mr. and Mrs. Eldredge have many friends in this community and are both widely and favorably known. ELLWOOD K. FORTINER. The veil was lifted to gain the new glory of a true and beautiful life when death set the seal upon the mortal lip? of Ellwood K. Fortiner. Noble prin- ciples actuated his entire career, and any monument erected to his memory to commemorate his virtues would have become dim and tarnished by time ere the example of his upright life shall cease to exercise an influence upon the community in which he lived and labored to such goodly intent. He passed away August 23, 1899, at which time he was one of the oldest and m.ost prominent citizens of Camden. Mr. Fortiner was born in Haddonfield, New Jersey, August 12, 1820. No event of special importance occurred to vary the common interest of bovhood, and after attaining his majority he engaged in the business of the general wood-worker, at the corner of Berkley and Williams streets, in Camden. On his retirement from that industn,' he opened a general hard- ware store at No. 122 Federal street and successfully carried on business there until his death. He had already established a reputation for reliability. 566 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST and from the beoinning of his connection with the hardware trade his pat- ronage constantly and steadily increased. Till within a few days of his death he was found at his store actively managing its affairs. Mr. Fortiner pos- sessed social principles of a practical order; he did not believe in the theory of dividing capital, but possessed a benevolent spirit which caused him to desire to aid those who were willing to help themselves. Knowing that the home is the foundation upon which rests our social life and from which emanates those principles that produce stability in business and fidelity in governmental aftairs, he took a deep interest in the work of the Building & Loan Association and was the father of thi,s form of savings institution. At tlie time of his death he was the treasurer of the People's Building & Loan Association and secretary of the City and Franklin Associations, hold- ing those positions almost from the time of the organization of the enter- prises, his long connection therewith making him a valued member of the board of directors. In 1841 ^Ir. Fortiner married Elizabeth G. Roseman, who still survives him, and to them were born two children,i — George a physician, now de- ceased, and Harry. Air. Fortiner and his family attended the Baptist church, of which he was one of the oldest and most zealous members. For nearly sixty years he served as a deacon in the First church of Camden, and for more than a half century he was the superintendent of the Sunday-school, holding the latter office at the time of his demise. The fiftieth anniversary of his connection with the Sunday-school was made the occasion of a beau- tiful and impressive public celebration, which was held in the church and which was participated in by a large gathering. He was a man of broad sympathies and genial disposition and earnestly co-operated with all move- ments tending to benefit his fellow men. His name was synonymous with all that was honorable in both public and jirivate life, and his example was well worthy of emulation. Though he is no more seen in the circle of his acquaintance, his memory remains as an unalloyed benediction to all who knew him, and the story of his life deserves a place upon the pages of the history of his adopted city. W. SCOTT SMITH, M. D. Dr. W. Scott Smith, of Salem, Salem county. New Jersey, is one of the most widely known physicians in this community, where he has an extended practice among the most desirable people, many of whom have known him since childhood. He was born August 5, 1852, at Hancock's Bridge, his parents lieing John and Ann (Turner) Smith. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 567 Edward Sinitli. tlie great-grandfather of our subject, was a wealthy sub- ject of the EngHsh crown and very prominent in his native country. He came to America with Lord Baltimore and settled in Maryland. One of his sons, Edward Smith, settled in Delaware and reared five children, — John, Charles William, Edward, George and Lydia Ann. He was the captain of a vessel and most of his time was spent at sea. Later he moved to Hancock's Bridge, this county, where he died in 1875, in his seventy-third year. His wife was in her eig-hty-fifth year at the time of her death. They were devout members of the Methodist Episcopal church. John Sm.ith was born in November, 1826, and had his home at Hancock's Bridge, although his business, which was that of a sailor, called him away from his family the greater part of the time. He was a merchant seaman and carried on his trade along the Atlantic coast and the West Indies for many years. He was the coroner of Sale county at one time. He was an honored member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and his death occurred April 19, 1899. when he had arrived at the age of seventy-three years. His mar- riage to Ann Turner was honored in the birth of one child, our subject. The mother entered her last sleep on May 27, 1893, when in her sixty-third year. Dr. Smith attended the district schools of Hancock's Bridge in his earlier years and there received the foundation of an education which places him among the best physicians of the county. He then entered a private estab- lishment presided over by Professor John Bechtel. Still later he pursued his studies under the instruction of Dr. Braden, D. D., who taught a private school at Salem and was formerly one of the professors of Princeton. He was a student in Bellevue College in 1872 — the I-ong Island College Hos- pital — and was graduated in Cincinnati, in 1873. He began the practice of medicine in Brooklyn, where he remained until 1884, and in the meantime he resumed his studies in the Long Island Hospital, in which he was gradu- ated in 1878. In 1884 he came to this county and purchased the old Han- cock homestead, but Salem is now his place of residence. He has 1-ieen a most successful practitioner and deserves the high euIog>' which is heartily given him. On ]\Iay 19, 1891, he was united in marriage with Dr. Ellen Bradway Harris, a daughter of Ouinton P. Harris, of this city. She is a woman of superior accomplishments, charming personality and equaled by few of either sex in her chosen profession. She has made a specialty of obstetrics and the diseases of women and devotes considerable time to that practice in Brook- lyn. Dr. W. Scott Smith is a member of the medical societies of both Kings and Salem counties, and in social relations is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Ancient Order of Foresters. 568 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST C7EORGE W. PITHER. Out (if tlic 'Icptlis of liis mature wisdom Bacon wrote, "Tlie pen is mightier tlian tlie sword;" and the truth of this is verified with tlic passinc^' years, as books and newspapers make their way into all parts of the worlmmander of New Jersey. He has also been actively connected with political interests and is a stanch supporter of Republican principles. He CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEJV JERSEY. 575 served as postmaster and justice of the peace in Patchinville, Pennsylvania, and from 1884 until 1888 was a member of the city council of Camden. In 1893 he -was elected sheriff on a refomi movement, although he had great opposition. In 1897 he was a candidate for mayor. For four years he was chairman of the Republican county committee, and his efficient management was an active factor in producing very desirable results for his party. His social qualities render him popular, and no man in Camden is more generally liked than George Barrett. LEWIS W. FOWLER. Lewis West Fowler is a son of William M. and Harriet T. (Laner) Fowler, and was born in Lewiston. Delaware. August 25, 1848. His father, a native of Milton, Delaware, was born April 13, 1805, and spent his entire life in the vicinity of his birthplace. He was connected with the fisheries and afterward was a boatman in the custom-house at Lewiston, in which city his death oc- curred. He was married twice, his first union being with Hattie M. Shank- lin, whom he married October 6, 1832. They became the parents of four children : George, born September 22, 1833; Richard L., February 15, 1837; Hettie Ann, July 13, 1839; and Mary Ann, October 3, 1840. The mother died February 18, 1843, and on the 15th of November of the same year Mr. Fow- ler married Harriet T. Laner. Their children were: William, who w^as born June I, 1844, and is now deceased; Irving, who was born October 31. 1845, and died in childhood; and Lewis iWest. The mother's death occurred July 4, 1886, when she had reached the age of eighty-two years, and the father died January 6. 1893, at about ninety years of age. Lewis W. Fowler obtained his education in the district schools of Dela- ware, and at the age of eighteen began sailing on the Delaware river, serving an apprenticeship as a pilot. His term of service continued five years.dur- ing which time he completely mastered the responsible duties which fall to the lot of the river pilots. He learned every bend and turn in the stream, its shoals and depths, and throughout his life he has remained in this service, be- ing well known to those who are connected with marine transportation. In February, 1898, owing to the severity of the weather, he was carried from Delaware cape to Marseilles. He is a member of the Delaware Pilots' Associa- tion and enjoys a high reputation for his skill and great care in taking the boats through the channel to their safe destination. On the 5th of June. 1875. Mr. Fowler married Emma M. Keeny, a daugh- ter of William Spotzwood. Her father was born at Gettysburg. Pennsyl- vania, learned the tailor's trade and for many years followed that pursuit in 576 BIOGRAPHICAL II I STORY OF THE FIRST Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where his death occurred. He married Harriet Homer and they became the parents of ten children, — Robert, Jane, Julia. Edward, James, Emily, William, Ida, and two who died in infancy. Of these children James Spotzwood has been in the government printing-office smce President Buchanan's administration ! The father was a Whig in his political associations in early life, but afterward he became a Democrat. He was an intimate friend of James Buchanan and also of Horace Greeley. After his marriage Mr. Fowler took up his residence in Philadelphia, where he continued to make his home until 1888, since which time he has resided in Cape May. He exercises his right of franchise in the support of the men and measures of the Democratic party. Socially he is connected with the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and in religious belief is a Methodist. His life occupation is one of great responsibility, and the fidelity with which he performs his duties has won the highest commendation. As a citizen he is loyal and true, and at no time has any trust reposed in him been betrayed. FOGG FAINIILY. The pioneer of the Fogg family in New Jersey, and when and where he located, cannot be definitely determined; but it is known that he was among the earlier settlers. The first record is that of Joseph Fogg, who married Marj' Street, by whom he had a son, Joseph, and a daughter, Sarah, who mar- ried Luke Stretch. Joseph married Hannah Hoover, by whom he had ten children, viz.: Mary, born August 19, 1809, died September 30, 1809: Lydia, born March 20, 1810, died December 22, 1868; she married Joseph Ashton and latterly Abner Patrick; Luke S., bom February 12, 1813, died September 25, 1886; Joseph, born April 4, 1815, died July 21, 1878; Aaron, born April 14, 1817, died July 13, 1887; Sarah, born June 24, 1818, died June 27, 1842; she married Edward Clummor; Elijah, born February 26, 1822, died September 14, 1822; Ebenezer, born July 27, 1823, died January 6, 1824; Susan S., born January 5, 1825, died October 3, 1838; and Caleb S., born December 18, 1827, died August 3, 1872. Luke S. Fogg was one of the most successful farmers of his time; he was also engaged in merchandising, dealing in granite, and amassed a handsome fortune. He married Ann Harris, who was born June 17, 1813, and died De- cember 17, 1841. They had two children: Hannah H., born September 7, 1838, married Ephraim C. Smith; and John S., born December 27, 1840, and died February 2, 1884. Mr. Fogg married for his second wife Phebe B. AIul- ford, who was born February 2, 1832, and died February 11, 1884. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 577 BENJAMIN A. HEADLEY. Benjamin Allen Heatlley, one of the largest wholesale fruit and produce dealers in Gloucester county, New Jersey, and the proprietor of the large store-house in Swedesboro. is in the fourth generation from the ancestor Richard Headley, a weaver by trade, who came from Germany and located at an early day in southern New Jersey, where he became a farmer. He married Lydia Dindlebeck, by whom were born John, Bateman, Lawrence, Richard, Thomas, Charles and Abagail. His grandfather, John Headley, the eldest son of Richard, the ancestor, was born in Gloucester county, followed farming, and married Sarah Elkington, by whom he had seven children : Jacob, William, Isaiah, J'oseph E., Mary E., Lydia A. and Anna M. His father Joseph E. Headley, the fourth son of the preceding, was born in Gloucester county, December 20, 1827, where he was educated in the public schools and worked as a farm hand until i860, when he rented a farm. In September, 1864, he enlisted in Company C, Thirty-eighth New Jersey Vol- unteers, and served until the close of the war. Returning from the war he rented farms until 1882, when he was made the superintendent of a large farm in Cumberland county. In 1886 he retired from business and removed to Swedesboro. He is a Republican and a prominent member of the G. A. R. In January, 1850, he was married to Caroline D., a daughter of Benjamin Carter, of Gloucester county, who bore him seven children; Martha A., George C, Allen C, Benjamin A., Sarah, who died in infancy; Amanda B., wife of Charles Cranes, of Wellsbcro, Pennsylvania, and Mary E., the wife of Alonzo Vanneman, of Bridgeton, New Jersey. Benjamin Allen Headley, the son of Joseph E. Headley and Caroline B., nee Carter, was born in Harrison township, Gloucester county, New Jersey, May 7, 1857. Attending the public schools tmtil he was fourteen years of age, he for a brief period thereafter worked on a farm, and subsequently em- barking in business for himself laid the foundation and developed his pres- ent business. Starting from small beginnings, very reticent, depending alone upon his own energy and independent resources, he is a typical example of the self-made man. In connection with his other business he is the general agent for the New York Horse Manure Company; he is one of the largest manufacturers of vegetable crates in the county; owns and operates seven- teen miles of telephone line: and owns and runs a freight boat, doing the largest general business in the county. Mr. Headley is a Republican in politics and from his large business connections commands a wide influence in the afifairs of the county. In November, 1885, he was married to Israella T., a daughter of Israel n— KK 578 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Silvers and Emma, nee Talmain, of Swedesboro; and they have five chilth-en : Ralph S., Harold B., Helen M., Willard T. and Robert L. MARY APGAR. ^Irs. Geo. C. Apgar. nee ^lar\- Tomson, was born in Hunterdon county, New Jersey, December 31, 1828, the daughter of John D. Tomson, and Jemima, nee Cooley. Her husband, George C. Apgar, to whom she was mar- ried at Milford, in her native county, November 5, 1859, was also born in that county, June 15, 1821. He was the son of John P. and Charity Apgar and spent his early life in his native county. In 1883 he removed to Deptford township, Gloucester county, where he spent the remainder of his life, a highly respected citizen, dying February 3, 1899. Their children were : ]\lary Emily, the wife of John S. Hagerman, of Camden, to whom two children — Grace C. and Leslie T. — have been born ; Peter Elmer, who married Mary E. Fetrow and now resides in Deptford township and has one child, Anna E. ; and John M., who married Letitia J. Tyson, by whom he has one son, George R. Mrs. Apgar's father, John D. Tomson, was born November 14, 1793. in Hunterdon county, where he spent his entire life as a prosperous farmer and miller. By his marriage to Jemima Cooley his children were: Peter C, born September 30, 1819, now deceased; Margaret, born September 30, 1822 now the wife of Howard Barker; Nathan, bom May 21, 1824, now deceased; Re- bekah, born May 4, 1826, deceased, married Lorenz Edmonds; Mary, Mrs. Apgar; Ann, born March 12, 1831, deceased, who married William Wood- ward; Catharine, born December 18, 1833, now Mrs. Henry Wyker; and Abigail, born April 30, 1837. now the wife of Reuben McPherson. ORVILLE E. HOYT. The task of writing the biographies of the living representatives of any community is an exceedingly difficult one, because of the prevailing modesty of the successful business man, who almost invariably manifests a certain re- pugnance to anything that smacks of personal notoriety or prominence and thus discourages even friendly attempts to uncover the secret of his success. Genuine success is not likely to be the result of mere chance or fortune, but is something to be labored for and sought out with long sustained effort. Ours is a utilitarian age, and the life of everv su(?cessful man bears a lesson CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 579 which, as told in our contemporary narration, perhaps is productive of the greatest good. Thus there is a due measure of satisfaction in presenting even the briefest outhne of the hfe and accomplishments of such a man. Orv'ille Emmons Hoyt is the editor and proprietor of the South Jersey Republican at Hammonton, Atlantic county. He was born at Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania, on the 12th of February, 1846, a son of Lewis and Martha (Emmons) Hoyt, the former born in Greene, New York, and the latter in Adams county, Maine. The father was a wheelwright by trade. Orville E. Hoyt received his early education in the public schools of his native town, and after putting aside his text-books he learned the printer's trade. In 1864 he went to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and in December of that year enlisted in Company A, Two Hundred and Second Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantrj', for sers'ice in the civil war, in which he served as a private until August 7, 1865, when he received an honorable discharge. After returning from the war he resided in Philadelphia until 1870, when he removed to Ypsilanti, Michigan, and a few years later, in 1876, took up his residence in Dexter, that state. From the latter year until 1880 he was engaged in the publication of the Leader, and then came to Hammonton, New Jersey, where he has since made his home. July i, 1880, he purchased the South Jersey Republican, and under his able management this paper, now in its thirty-eighth year, has become one of the leading journals in the county. In his political relations our subject is identified with the Republican party, and from 1885 until 1890 he served his city as collector and treasurer. Socially he is a member of the Sons of Temperance, which organization he joined in 1865, and in 1872 was made a member of the Good Templars' so- ciety. In 1867 he became a member of the Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias fraternities, and is now a past grand of the former. Religiously he holds membership in the Baptist church. Mr. Hoyt has been a leading factor in the progress of Hammonton, and educational, church, and social interests owe their promotion in a considerable degree to his efforts. Mr. Hoyt was married in Hammonton, September 22, 1867, to Miss Laura Adella Potter, and to this union have been born four children, namely: Lewis Arthur, June 18, 1870; Annie Laura, September 7, 1872; William Or- ville, August 24, 1S74; and John Ezra, March 8, 1879. CLAYTON WISTAR. Prominent among the energetic, far-seeing and successful business men of southwestern New Jersey is the subject of this sketch. His life history most happily illustrates what may be attained by faithful and continued ef- 58o BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST fort in carrying ont an honest purpose. Integrity, activity and energy have been the crowning points of his success, and liis connection with the commer- cial interests of Salem has been of decided advantage to this section of the state, promoting its material welfare in no uncertain manner. He is now connected with the most extensive lumber business of Salem, and his dili- gence, keen discrimination and strict conformity to the ethics of commercial life have gained him a most gratifying prosperity. His ancestral history is one of close association with the development and progress of the state along material lines, for since colonial days the W'istars have figured prominently in the upbuilding and advancement of the commonwealth. In the year 1717 Caspar and John Wistar crossed the At- lantic from Hilchbach in the electorate of Heidelberg. Germany, and later their sister also came to America. Caspar Wistar, the direct ancestor of the family to which our subject belongs, was born at Hilchbach in 1696 and on the 16th of September, 171 7, took up his residence in Philadelphia. He sub- sequently purchased a large tract of land in Salem county, New Jersey, and near the town of Alloway. in 1738, established the first successful glass fac- tory in this country, having secured the services of four skilled glass-blowers of Germany, who were placed in charge of the enterprise. The deed of the ground for the factory site is dated 1739. and the business was probably begun the following year. The factory with its accompanying building and the little settlement that grew up around there were known as Wistarburg. While he owned an extensive tract of land near Alloway, Caspar Wistar did not reside upon it, but made his home in Philadelphia. He was married ]\Iarch 26, 1726, to Catherine, a daughter of Catherine and Derrick John- son, and to them were born se\-en children: Richard, ^Margaret, Catherine, Joshua, Rebecca, Sarah and Casper. Of this family Richard Wistar was the great-great-grandfather of our subject. He was l)orn in Philadelphia, July 5, 1727, and for many years was prominently engaged in merchandising there. His place of business was on the north side of Market street, between Second and Third streets, and his residence was on Chestnut street, above Third street, while he also had a country residence on North Broad street. He was one of the leading business men of the city and in connection with his mercantile interests he continued the conduct of the glass factory established by his father and which was afterward conducted for one year liy his son John, the great- grandfather of our subject, who inherited all of his father's interests, in- cluding the glass works, six hundred acres of land and other real and per- sonal property. Richard Wistar was a member of the Society of Friends and a man of very decided character and of unassailable reputation. He CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 581 occupied a leading position in the business and social life of Philadelphia and commanded uniform respect. He was married November 27, 1751, to Miss Sarah Wyatt, of Salem, and their children were as follows: Bartholomew, born August 26, 1754, died in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1756. Richard was born in Phila- delphia, July 20, 1756, and died in 1821. John was the great-grandfather of our subject. Casper was born in Philadelphia, September 13, 1760, was a celebrated physician of his day, was the founder of the Wistar Club, was an intimate friend of Dr. Benjamin Rush, and died November 25, 185 1. Eliz- abeth Wyatt, born December 22, 1766, died in Salem, New Jersey, in August, 1855. Catherine, born January 29, 1770, died in Philadelphia in November, 1820. John Wistar, the great-grandfather of our subject, was born in Philadel- phia, May 7, 1859, and died in Salem, New Jersey, March 16, 181 5. He owned a large tract of land in Salem county, three miles from the town of Salem, and for many years was a leatler in the public life of his locality. He was the founder of the Salem county almshouse and was an active pro- moter of all worthy movements and measures for the public good. His religious belief was in accord with the teachings of the orthodox branch of the Society of Friends. He was married October 17, 1781, to Miss Charlotte Newbold, a daughter of Clayton and Mai"y Newbold, of Bur- lington county. She was born in Mansfield, Burlington county, January 29, 1762, and died October 26. 18 ig.' Nine children were born to John and Charlotte Wistar. Sarah, born November 11, 1782, died in Philadelphia, in 1794; Mary born April 8, 1786, became the wife of Isaac Davis, of Philadelphia, and died July 12. 1852. Elizabeth, born October 15, 1788, died in April, 1799. Bartholomew, born Novem- ber 25, 1790, died in Philadelphia, August 5, 1847. Clayton, who was the grandfather of our subject, was born February' 23, 1793, resided on a farm near Salem, and died October 10, 1840. Caspar, born February 4, 1799, died in Salem, January 31, 1872. Charlotte, born July 18, 1797, was the wife of Jonathan Freeland. and died July 5, 1850. Harriet, born March 12, 1800, died April g, 1S54. Catherine, born November 27. 1802. be- came the wife of Thomas Evans, and died December 5, 1875. Clayton Wistar, the grandfather of our subject, was born on a farm in Warrington township, Salem countv, February 23, 1793, and became the owner of a large tract of land, on which he carried on agricultural pur- suits until his death, which occurred at the comparatively early age of forty- seven years. He was a Whig in his political associations and was a mem- ber of the Society of Friends, attending the orthodox meetings in Salem. 582 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST He was twice married, his first union being with Mary Steiner, a daughter of John and Amelia (Benton) Steiner. They were married in 1814, and to them were born two children: John, horn November 25, 1815, was a lumber merchant of Salem, and died in this city in December, 1852, at the age of thirty-seven years. He married Letitia N. Acton, a daughter of Benjamin and Sarah Acton, and they had one son, John, who married Anna B. Harlan. He is a resident of Salem, but is employed as a traveling salesman by the firm of P. D. Wood & Company, of Philadelphia. Mrs. Mary Wistar died in December, 1825, and the grandfather of our subject afterward married the widow of Reeve J. Medford, of Burlington county, New Jersey, in 1827. They had one son, Josiah, who was formerly a farmer, but is now living a retired life. He is a director in the West Jersey Railroad Company, has settled many estates and is a very prominent and honored citizen, whose sterling worth has gained him the high regard of many friends. He now resides in Salem, and has one child, Clayton Newbold. Richard Wistar, the father of our subject, pursued his education in the Westtown boarding school, which is conducted under the auspices of the Society of Friends, and in Haverford College, entering the senior class. He left school at the age of seventeen years, and for many years was asso- ciated with his father in business. In 1868 he removed to Salem, although he retained the ownership of his farm of one hundred and eighty acres. He purchased a lumber-yard in Salem, and conducted the business, which is now being carried on by our subject. In connection with the sale of lumber he operated a plaiiing-mill, employing as many as fifteen men, and manufacturing boxes for canning factories on quite an extensive scale. In 1877 he put aside all business cares and retired to private life. In poli- tics he is a Republican and served as a freeholder. He has also been a member of the city council and has served on the township committee. He adheres to the religious faith of his forefathers, being a member of the Society of Friends. On the 7th of September, 1842, he was united in marriage to Charlotte Acton, a daughter of Benjamin and Sarah N. Acton, of Salem. They have three children: Clayton, whose name introduces this review, is the eldest. Richard, born February 6, 1848, married Cornelia Bassett, a daughter (if John and Susan Bassett. He w^as for many years a successful farmer, but is now living a retired life in Salem. Elizabeth Wyatt is the wife of Richard Thompson, a farmer of Mornington township, and they have five children — Charlotte W., David .Allen, Alary Tyler, Cornelia B. and Caroline Mc- Naushton. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 383 Clayton Wistar, the present representative in the business world of a most prominent and honored family of New Jersey, was born on the home- stead farm in Mornington township, September 12, 1845. His early edu- cation was acquired in the Westtown boarding school, of Pennsylvania, and in the Friends' boarding school in Providence, Rhode Island. He re- mained with his father upon the home farm for several years after com- pleting his literary education, and continued to carry on agricultural pur- suits until 1877. In that year he came to Salem and entered the firm of Woodnut, Wistar & Company. They conducted an extensive and pros- perous lumber business under that style until 1886, when, on a change in the partnership, the name of Wistar & Woodnut was assumed. This firm is now at the head of the leading lumber business of Salem. They have extensive and well equipped yards, and carry everything found in a first- class concern in their line. Their reasonable prices, honorable and just dealing and courteous treatment of their patrons have secured to them an extensive and constantly increasing trade, from which they derive an ex- cellent income. Mr. Wistar is also a director in the Franklin Building & Loan Association, and in business circles is accorded a foremost place in recognition of his marked executi\e ability, his genius for devising and ex- ecuting the right thing at the right time, his keen discrimination and in- tegrity of purpose. In his political views he is a Republican, whose close study of the is- sues of the day enables him to give an intelligent support to his party, yet he has never been an aspirant for office. In religious belief he is a Friend, and is identified with the orthodox branch of the society. His pleasant home life is shared by his wife and two sons. He was married February 18, 1869, to Miss Rebecca Thompson, a daughter of Andrew Thompson, and their children are Richard Wyatt and Arthur. The life of Clayton Wistar has been a busy and useful one. Endowed by nature with strong men- tality, educated in excellent schools, he has always viewed life from a practi- cal and broad standpoint, bringing to bear upon all questions a well bal- anced judgment. His sterling qualities of mind and heart have won him the respect, yea the friendship of all with whom he has come in contact. FRANK L. CASSADAY. Frank L. Cassaday, contractor and builder of Westville, New Jersey, was born in Upper Pittsgrove, Salem county, February 4, 1865, the son of Jdin E. Cassaday and Christine, nee Lacey. His grandfather. Job Cassaday, was a native of Pennsylvania, was for many years a resident of 584 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST Philadelijhia and later a resident of New Jersey. He was at one time the owner of a stage line and in later life was a farmer. He married Mary Stevens, and their children were: Mary, the wife of Robert Brock; Mucagey [Micajah?], Rebecca, Deborah and John E. John E. Cassaday, the father of Frank L., was born in Philadelphia, in 1845. Coming to New Jersey when very yovmg, he became engaged in and has since followed agricultural pursuits, in Salem county. The four children born to him were: Frank L. ; Mary, now the wife of Charles Camp; John; and Phoebe, the wife of Lemuel Stewart. His maternal great-grandfather, Joshua Lacey, was a native of Salem couiity, followed the occupation of farmer and basketmaker and lived to an advanced old age. John C. Lacey, the son of Joshua, w:as also born in Salem county, and there spent his entire life in agricultural pursuits. He was married to Phoebe Schaffer, who still survives him. Their children were Henry, John C, Jr., Angeline and Emiline, twins, Sally, Charles and Joshua. Frank L. Cassaday was educated in the public schools of Elmer. New Jersey, later learned the building trade at that jilace, and began business there in 1887. In 1889 he established a plant in Westville, which was destroyed by fire in 1895. Lnmediately aftenvard he erected his present building there. Li connection with building Mr. Cassaday operates an extensive planing-mill. He has erected many public and private buildings at Elmer, Woodly and Westville. He was twice married. For his first wife he married Elizabeth I'. Kandle, who died childless Feliruary 17, 1895. In May, 1897, he was married, at Sea Isle City, to Rebecca B. Dallas, the widow of William Young. They have one child, named Paul. Mr. Cassaday is a member of the Shield of Honor, is a Democrat in politics and an attendant of the Methodist Episcopal church. WILLIAM CUNNINGHAM. William Cunningham, who takes high rank as a successful and pro- gressive market gardener of Deptford township, Gloucester county, was bom in this township, January 19, 1867, the son of Hugh Cunningham and Margaret, nee Jamieson. He was educated in the public schools of Woodbury, trained to farm life on his father's farm, and there by his close attention to farming as a science laid the foundation of his present success as a market gardener. He takes strong ground in his political \'iews as CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 585 a Republican and is a factor in both town and county affairs. In 1S96 he was the overseer of the poor, and in March, 1899, was elected constable of the county of Gloucester. In July, 1889, he was married to ]\Iary, a daughter of David and Mary Dove, of Haddonfield. Camden county. They have four children, — Joseph, John, Mary and Annie. He attends with his family the Methodist Epis- copal church. WILLI A]\I C. ALLEN. William C. Allen, one of the young, progressive and highly esteemed farmers of Deptford township, was born in Vincent-town, Burlington county. New Jersey, May 4, 1866, the son of John Allen and Edith, nee Dudley. He was educated in the public schools of Center township, Cam- den county, and reared to farm life. Remaining on his father's farm after leaving school, his industry and close attention to farming soon gave him a substantial foothold and a well-earned rank among the progressive farm- ers of his section. In the spring of 1899 he left his father's farm and re- moved to his present farm, which he is rapidly bringing to a high state of cultivation. The farm is situated in a belt of land well adapted to the raising of all kinds of cereals, and of this feature of farming Mr. Allen is making a specialty. Mr. Allen is a member of Woodbury Lodge, Senior American Mechanics, and in politics is affiliated with the Democratic party. He is immarried. E. ERANK PINE. E. Frank Pine, a prominent dealer in lumber, coal, etc., in Blackwood, New Jersey, was born in Chew's Landing, Camden county. New Jersey, December 14, 1865, the son of James T. Pine and Hannah R., nee Clifton. He comes of a family long established in Camden county, of which his grandfather, Jonathan T. Pine, was a native, spending his entire life here, a prosperous and progressive farmer. His paternal grandmother was Dora Tomlin. Of this family the children were: Benjamin D.; James T. ; the father of E. Frank Pine; George W., a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church; Jonathan T.; Miles S. ; and Ellen, the wife of Edward Redfield. Mr. Pine was educated in the schools of Blackwood. Reared en his father's farm, he followed the vocation of farmer until twentv-eiglit vears S86 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST of age, remaining during this period at the old homestead. In 1893 he abandoned farming for his present line of business. Mr. Pine in politics is a Republican and is influentially and actively interested in the success of his party. He has served his township for three years as constable; in 1894 he was elected justice of the peace and re-elected to the office in 1899; and in 1900 he was elected tax collector of Gloucester township, Camden county. He is. a member of Tonawanda Tribe, No. 104, and of the Improved Order of Red Men of Blackwood, and attends the Methodist Episcopal church. He is unmarried. GRANT SPARKS, M. D. Among the young professional men of Gloucester county. New Jersey, who give great promise of a brilliant future, none occupy a higher place in the consideration and esteem of the general public than the gentleman whose biography it is our pleasure to present. Alert and ambitious for a successful career, he applies himself with ardor to the profession he has chosen, giving to it his undivided attention and constant study, and has thus far met with a most flattering success. He is a native of the town in which he now resides, having been born in Mantua, Gloucester county. New Jersey, on May 31, 1872, his parents being Thomas Taylor and Rebecca Jane (Powell) Sparks, prominent and influential citizens of the village. When a lad he attended the public schools of his native village and later entered a private school at Woodbury, kept by the Quakers. Having developed a greed for books and a special liking for the study of the human anatomy and its ills, he decided to enter the medical profession and to that end matriculated at Jefiferson Medical College, of Philadelphia, in 1891, leaving it in 1893 and entering the Medico-Chirurgical College, of the same city, at which he graduated in 1895. The years in college were years of industry, and he brought to his practice a well stored mind and clear perception of the requirements of his profession. After his graduation he returned at once to his home village and opened an office, in which he has since been located and where he exercised such skill and care in the first cases that came under his treatment that others recognized his ability and his practice rapidly increased, until to-day it is of desirable extent. Nor is it confined to his immediate locality, as he receives calls from points throughout the surrounding country and his friends bespeak for him future splendid achievements. He is the exam- CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 587 ining physician for the Shield of Honor and also for the Presidential Life Insurance Company. He is a Republican in his political views and keeps intelligently posted on all questions of political import. He is now (1900) a candidate for coroner of Gloucester county, on the Republican ticket. He is an attendant of the Protestant Episcopal church, a young man whose character is above the breath of reproach, and whose friends are legion. THOMAS CUNNINGHAM. Thomas Cunningham, a prominent and progressive farmer of Deptford township, Gloucester county, a son of Hugh Cunningham and Margaret Jamieson, was born near Chew's Landing, Camden county, this state, June 14, 1868. When but two years old he was taken by his parents to Deptford township, where he has ever since resided. He acquired his edu- cation in the public schools of Woodbury and since boyhood has been continuously engaged in agricultural pursuits. The farm of forty-five acres now conducted by him is among the finest in the county. He was married, in Woodbury, February 25, 1891, to Annie M., a daughter of George Mills and Hannah, nee Adams. They have two sons: Louis M., born September 17, 1892; and Frank W., born July 25, 1896. Mr. Cunningham is a member of Westville Lodge, No. 8, Shield of Honor. In political views he is a Republican, and in respect to religion he attends Christ Protestant Episcopal church, of Woodbury. C. C. SOUDER. C. C. Souder, of Richwood, is a retired farmer and local minister of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was born at the ancestral home of the family, in Lake, Franklin township, Gloucester county, June 18, 1827. Of German lineage, the family was one of the first established in this locality, and since that time its representatives have been connected with the afTairs which go to shape the history of the county. The great-grand- father of our subject was Charles Souder, and the grandfather, who also bore the name of Charles, was born in Lake, where also occurred the birth of Lawrence Souder, the father of him whose name heads this re- view. He devoted his entire life to farming and at his death the com- munity lost one of its most respected and worthy citizens. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Sarah Chew, was also a native of the localitv in 588 BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE FIRST whicli her liiisband was born, and by their marriage they became the parents of six children, five of whom are still living: C. C, of this review; Richard C. a merchant of Philadelphia; Thomas, a resident of Millville; Jane Abbot; and Brazilla, of Glassboro. Tn'the common schools C. C. Souder acquired his literary education, and on putting aside his text-books went into the root business, shipping his goods to the West Indies for twenty vears. In 1884 lie purchased a farm in Harrison township and retired from commercial pursuits. In addition to the management of his property he directs his energies to the advancement of the Methodist church, in which he has served as a local preacher for fifty-five years. He is the only one living of thirty-seven who joined the West Jersey Local Preachers' Association, and was president of that association for twenty years, his efforts largely advancing its inter- ests and work. He has held all the offices in the church and has been superintendent of the Sunday-school. His life, consecrated to noble living, has exerted a strong influence for good throughout the community in which he makes his home, and when his earthly pilgrimage shall have ended his memory will remain as an luialloj-ed benediction to all who knew him. In 185 1 j\Ir. Souder was united in the holy bonds of matrimony to Miss Sarah Skinner, of Gloucester county, and to them were born five children, of whom four are living: Frank M.. a resident of Millville; ^lartha, the wife of Benjamin Black, of Swedesboro; Richard D., at home; and Dr. Charles F., a physician of Philadelphia. CHARLES PEARSON. Charles Pearson, of Blackwood, Gloucester township, Camden county, was born near Cleveland. Ohio. P'ebruary i, 1833. the son of Sampson Pearson and Judith, nee Engermost. For three generations from his great- grandfather in Lincolnshire, England, the given name of Sampson con- tinued in the family. His grandfather, Sampson Pearson (2d) emigrated from Lincolnshire. England, at an early date to America, located in Ohio, and there engaged in farming. He later removed to Philadelphia, subse- quently to New Jersey, settling in Creasville, at that time included in Cam- den county, where he died about tlie year 1847. His father. Samuel Pear- son (3d), the only child of his parents, was born in Lincolnshire, England, came to America with his father, locating with him first in Ohio, then in Philadelphia and afterward in Creasville. Here he engaged in mercantile pursuits; was also a dealer in horses and engaged in the hotel business. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY. 589 For several years he was tlie proprietor of the well known hostelry called the "Green Tree." By his marriage just previous to his removal to New Jersey he had nine children: Mary Ann; Isaac; Emma; Charles; Harriet, who married Mr. John Evans and is now