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MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 LIFE AND CHARACTER 
 
 OF 
 
 JOHN ALEXANDER LOGAN, 
 
 (A SENATOR FROM ILLINOIS), 
 DELIVERED IN THE 
 
 SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 Forty-ninth Congress, Second Session, 
 FEBRUARY 9, 1887. 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 1887. 
 
U,S.^C^a.,ecKoJta<^.\^^'BC>-\^ST. ^note^. 
 
 MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 LIFE AND CHARACTER 
 
 JOHN ALEXANDER LOGAN, 
 
 (A SENATOR FROM ILLINOIS), 
 DELIVERED IN THE 
 
 SENATE OF THE UiNITED STATES, 
 
 Forty-ninth Congress, Second Session, 
 FEBRUARY 9, 1887. 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 1887. 
 
 a. 
 
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 .L^' 
 
 ]f r 
 
 Gift 
 Mrs. Benjamin Harrison 
 June S 1934 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 OS TIIK 
 
 LIFE AND CHARACTER 
 
 OF 
 
 JOHN ALEXANDER LOGAN. 
 
 The Chaplaiu, Rev. J. G. liUTLEU, D. D., offered the following 
 prayer: 
 
 PRAYER. 
 
 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who, ac- 
 cording to His abundant mercy, hath begotten in us a living hope by 
 the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead to an inheritance incor- 
 ruptible and undefiled, and that fadeth not away. 
 
 Let the wordsof our lips and the meditation of our hearts be accepta- 
 ble in Thy sight, O Lord, our strength and our Redeemer. And as we 
 turn away from the open grave with sympathizing "hearts may we ever 
 l)e tilled with the spirit ol Him who is touched with the feeling of our 
 infirmities, the great Redeemer, the conqueror of death, who liveth 
 and reigneth forever. 
 
 Inspire us, we pray Thee, with courage and with faith, as from day 
 to day we meet the responsibilities and trials and temptations inci- 
 dent to this mortal life. Fill us ever with Thy Good Spirit, sanctify- 
 ing Thy providences, comforting those who are in sorrow, O Thou 
 judge of the widow and Thou father of the fatherless ones, enabling 
 us to meet the duties of each day with courage, with fortitude, with 
 faith, and with patience, so serving our generation that when we shall 
 tail asleep we may enter upon the everlasting rest. Blot out all our 
 transgressions, and grant us grace and peace. Our Father, who art in 
 in heaven, hallowed be Thy name; Thy kingdom come, Thy will be 
 done upon earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. 
 Forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us. 
 Lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil; for Thine is the 
 kingdom, the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen. 
 
 Mr. CULLOiL Mr. President, I ask leave to introduce resolutions 
 at this time. 
 
 The PliESIDENT ;;;-o ff m;>r>;c. The Senator from Illinois presents 
 resolutions, which will be read. 
 
 The Chief Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Resolved bi/ the Senate, That us an additional mark of respect to the memory 
 of John A. Lo^an, Ions « Senator from the State of Illinois, and a distinguished 
 member of this body, business b" now suspended, that the friends and associ- 
 ates of the deceased" may pay tilling tribute to his public and private virtues. 
 
 Jicsolved, That the Secretary of the Senate be directed to communicate these 
 resolutions to the House of Representatives and to furnish an engrossed copy 
 of the same to the family of the deceased Sei.ator. 
 
4 
 
 Mr. CULLOM. Mr. President, for the third time witiiin a year 
 ■we are called upon to raise our voices reverently in speaking of our 
 dead. For the third time within & year death has laid his icy finger on 
 a brother Senator and beckoned him to the unknown realms of eter- 
 nity. 
 
 To-day we lay our tribute of love upon the tomb of Logan. 
 
 Suffering from a sense of personal loss too deep to find expression, I 
 despair of being able to render adequate praise to his memory. 
 
 But yesterday, as it seems, he stood among us here in the full flush 
 of robust manhood. A giant in strength and endurance, with a w^U 
 of iron, and a constitution tough as the sturdy oak, he seemed to hold 
 within his grasp more than the threescore years and ten alloted to man. 
 No one thought in the same moment of Logan and death — two con- 
 queroi-s who should come lace to face, and the weaker yield to the 
 stronger. It seemed as if Logan could not die. Yet, in a moment, in 
 the twinklingof an eye, as* it were, " God's finger touched him, and he 
 slept." 
 
 Almost without warning he passed from strength to weakness; to 
 death and decay, from life pulsating with vigor to dare and to do. The 
 physician's skill, the loving, agonized, devotion of those most dear, his 
 own invincible will, were alike powerless to resist the approach of the 
 grim destroyer who stole upon him "as a thief in the night," and has 
 given us another striking warning of the fact that " No king nor na- 
 tion one moment can retard the appointed hour. ' ' 
 
 John Alexander Logan was born on a farm located in what is now 
 the town of Murphy.sboro, in Jackson County, Illinois, on February 
 9, 1826. Had he lived until to-day, sixty- one years — eventful, glo- 
 rious years — would have rested their burden as a crown upon his head. 
 Life is a crucible into which we are thrown to be tried. How many 
 but prove the presence of alloy so base that refining ' ' seven times ' ' can 
 not purify. But here was a life generous and noble, an open book from 
 which friend and foe alike might read the character of the man. 
 
 General Logan was the eldest of a tamily of eleven children. His 
 father, Dr. John Logan, was born in the north of Ireland of Scotch 
 ancestry, and came to this country early in this century. He first set- 
 tled in Maryland and then in ^Missouri, afterward moving to Illinois 
 and locating in Jackson County. There he met and married Miss Eliza- 
 beth Jenkins, who was a native of North Carolina, but came of a Scotch 
 family. Dr. Logan was a man of marked characteristics, and a phy- 
 sician and surgeon of unusual skill. 
 
 He was noted for his integrity, his sturdy independence of character, 
 his devotion to his friends, and his recognition of the equality of all 
 men who were honest and upright, without regard to their social 
 position. His wife was a woman of determined courage, strong in her 
 prejudices, who never swerved from the path she had once marked out 
 for hei-self. The characteristics of the lather and mother Avere con- 
 spicuously combined in the son, who owed his success in life largely 
 to the possession of the traits most prominent in the character of both 
 his father and his mother. 
 
 The professional services of Dr. Logan were in such demand that he 
 had little time to devote to the care of his farm or the education of his 
 children, but he was an educated and studious man, and gave his 
 children the best educational facilities he coulil command. 
 
 In those days money and schools were scarce in that new country, 
 and the education of the youth was not considered so essential as it is 
 
to-day, but Dr. Logan managed to secure the services of a tutor who 
 resided in the family and trained the children in the branches not 
 taught in thft schools of that day, iiicluding the rudiments of Greek 
 and Latin. While young Logan failed to receive such a classical train- 
 ing as a college gives, he was eager and quick to learn, and made the 
 most of his opportunities. 
 
 Reared upon a farm under such circumstances, his character was un- 
 consciously molded and formed by surroundings similar to those which 
 gave to Lincoln that strength aud steadfastness which served him so 
 well in later years. The men with whom young Logan came in con- 
 tact during his boyhood were generally without the refinements of life, 
 l>ut they were rugged, sturdj% and self-reliant, of powerful physique 
 and healthy intellects. His association with these vigorous, hardy, pio- 
 neers of civilization imbued the young man with unconquerable en- 
 ergy, indomitable will, and a stern sense of honor which through his 
 manhood to the end of his life made him a master spirit among men. 
 
 At the age of sixteen he was sent to Shiloh College and sulisequently 
 added to the education obtained there whatever he could glean from 
 the books within his reach. When barely of age he made his entrance 
 into manhood upon the field of battle. 
 
 When the Mexican war broke out young Logan plunged into it with 
 all the fire and enthusiasm of his nature, enlisting in the First Illinois 
 Volunteer Infantry. Though then but twenty years of age, he served 
 with distinction, and by the end of the war had become quartermaster 
 of his regiment. This beginning of his career might have been to him 
 an omen of future fame to be won on fields of hlood. On returning 
 home he was received as a student in the law office of Alexander M. 
 Jenkins, his mother's brother, but, being an ardent admirer of Stephen 
 A. Douglas, Logan soon became fascinated with political life, and in 
 less than a year was elected clerk of Jackson County. 
 
 In 1850 he became a student in the law department of Louisville 
 University, graduating in the spring of IS.'jI , and entering upon the prac- 
 tice of law at Murphysboro in partnership with his uncle. In 1852 
 he was elected to the State Legislature, and soon afterwards to the 
 office of prosecuting attorney for the judicial district in which he re- 
 sided. In this position he was called upon to prosecute some remark- 
 able criminal cases, and it is a notable fact that he secured a conviction in 
 all the cases which he prosecuted aud tried. 
 
 On the 27th of November 1855 he was married to Miss Mary S. Cunning- 
 ham, a daughter of Capt. J. M. Cunningham, and established his home 
 and law office in Benton, in theadjoiningcounty of Franklin. In 1856 
 he was again elected to the State Legislature, audit was during the ses- 
 sion of 1857 that it became myprivilege to become acquainted with this 
 remarkable man, who at that time demonstrated his power as a leader. 
 
 In 1858 Mr. Logan was elected to represent his district in Congress, 
 and from the time he took his seat in the House of Kepresentatives his 
 rise was rapid and his public career became known to the country. 
 
 He had not been cradled in luxury. Fortune had not been especi- 
 ally kind to him, but he had been bred honest to the core, was incapa- 
 ble of meanness, and among the strong men of that Congress, the 
 young, resolute, courageous Representative from Illinois held his own. 
 He was again elected to Congress in 18G0 when Abraham Lincoln was 
 elected President. Logan was elected as a Douglas Democrat, and had 
 advocated the election of Douglas to the Presidency with all bis power 
 before the people. , When Lincoln was elected and mutteriugs of re- 
 
6 
 
 bellion and whisperings of secession were heard, the fire of patriotism 
 began to burn in his breast, and on the floor of the House of Repre- 
 sentatives, ou the 5th of February, 1861, before the inauguration of 
 President Lincoln, he defined his position upon the burning question 
 of the hour in the following unmistakable terms: 
 
 I have been taught — 
 
 He said — 
 
 that the preservation of this glorious Union, with its broad flag waving over 
 us as the shield of our protection on land and sea, is paramount to all parties 
 and platforms that ever have existed or ever can exist. I would to-day, if I had 
 the power, sink my own party and every other one, with all their platforms, 
 into the vortex of ruin, without heaving a sigh or shedding a tear, to save the 
 Union, or even to stay the revolution where it is. 
 
 What a declaration of unselfish patriotism ! Placing party and plat- 
 forms under his feet, he was first of all for the Union and the flag, which 
 were dearer than all else to him. With the flash of the first gun which 
 thundered its doom upon Sumter he was up and in arms. Conse- 
 crating all the energy of his ardent nature to the cause of the Union, 
 he left his seat in Congress, saying he could best serve his country in 
 the field. Falling into the ranks of the Union Army he took his part 
 as a civilian volunteer in the first battle of Bull Run. 
 
 To describe the part he took in the late war after he raised the Thirty- 
 first Illinois Regiment and took the field would be to recite the history 
 of the war itself — a story impressed as in letters of fire upon the mem- 
 ory of the American people. The record of his bravery at Belmont; oi 
 his gallant charge at Fort Donelson, where, as a colonel, he was dan- 
 gerously wounded; of his service as major-general commanding the 
 Army of the Tennessee^ of the memorable siege of Vicksburg, when 
 with the great leader of the Union armies he stood knocking at the door 
 of that invincible stronghold; of his service with the gallant Sherman 
 in his famous "march to the sea " — all are written on the pages of his- 
 tory to lend undying luster to the name of Logan. 
 
 It is said that poets are born, not made. So it may be truly said that 
 General Logan was a natural soldier. Every instinct within him was 
 inspired with fervid love of his country. His figure was massive, his 
 shoulders broad, his presence commanding, with his swarthy face and 
 coal-black hair, and "eye like Mars to threaten or command," he was 
 every inch a warrior. The soldiers of the late war believed in him as 
 a leader in the field, and those of that great Union army who survive 
 him mourn his loss to-day as their nearest, most earnest, ablest, and 
 most devoted friend. 
 
 During the war General Logan rose by regular promotion through 
 every grade from colonel to the highest rank, save that of lieutenant- 
 general, that the nation could bestow in recognition of his bravery and 
 great capacity as an officer. How appropriately the words which, on 
 April 6, 1870, he pronounced in eulogy of that other great soldier. 
 General George H. Thomas, can now be applied to himself. On that 
 occasion General Logan said of General Thomas, as we can now say ot 
 him: 
 
 He has gone. Grief sits visibly on every soldier's brow and pervades every 
 loyal heart of the nation. His noble form lies low ready to be committed to its 
 kindred dust. Earth never received into her bosom a manlier form or a nobler 
 breast. The halo of his deeds and brilliancy of his achievements may almost be 
 said to illuminate the grave into which his body descends, and the fragrance of 
 his acts of kindness perfumes his sepulchre. He has gone from our sight, but 
 not from our hearts and our memory ; he must live on embalmed by our love and 
 
parlanJed with our aft'ection, his name r row ins brifihter and brighter as time 
 rolls on. The cold marble bears in mockery a name forcrotten butforthe letters 
 chiseled on the icy slab. It can not be so with the name of General George 
 Henry Thomas, which is chiseled on the tablets of too many liearts to need the 
 aid of marble or bronze to perpetuate it. 
 
 Is it enough to say of General Logan that he was the greatc st 
 volunteer general of the Union array? By no means. A quarter of 
 a century and more has passed since that terrible struggle, and civil 
 honors were won by him during thatperiodas rapidly as military ones 
 were won during tbe war. When gentle peace, which " hath her vic- 
 tories no less renown'd than those of war," returned, he was at once 
 called to again take his place in the councils of the nation. Twice elected 
 to the House of Representatives since the war and three times chosen by 
 the Legislature of his State to represent it in the Senate, it may be 
 truly said that General Logan spent his life in the active service of his 
 country. He was a man of high honor and singular boldness and frank- 
 ness of character. He made no concealments. He fought always 
 openly and above-board. His integrity viras beyond the whisper of 
 suspicion. 
 
 He was aggressive and impulsive with the courage of his convictions. 
 Eager to do, tireless in etfort, persistent in purpcse, by his indomitable 
 will he made each obstacle in his path a stepping-stone to greater 
 things. The more he was antagonized the stronger he became, and, as 
 in battle, he pushed on until his enemies gave way and left him master 
 of the situation. Goethe has said that "he who is firm in will molds 
 the world to himself;" and so it could be said of Logan, who had be- 
 come recognized as one of the most prominent factors in national af- 
 fairs. 
 
 As a Senator he devoted himself steadfastly to the duties which crowd 
 a Senatorial life, never turning a deaf ear to the appeals of his constitu- 
 ents, or from whatever quarter of the country they came. He was a ready 
 speaker, full of energy and forceful in manner, and when aroused by 
 debate and the imputtance of the subject he would pour forth thoughts 
 that breathe and words that burn into the ears of his hearers. 
 
 Many passages may be selected from General Logan's writings and 
 addre.sses which exhibit his ardent patriotism and love for the Union. 
 In a letter to his friend. General Haynie, a gallant Union soldier, on 
 December 31, 1861, he said: 
 
 I am for the Union, and for maintaining it, if such a thing is possible, and 
 am unconipromisin^cly opposed to any man orset of men that countenance dis- 
 union, with its horrible consequences. Therais no sacrifice I would not make 
 for it. I have no opinions that I. am .«o wedded to that I would not modify them 
 in any way, consistent with the honor of my constituents and myself, to give 
 peace to tlie country. 
 
 Again he said, in an address to the people of Chicago on August 10, 
 1863, while fresh from the field of battle: 
 
 I do not propose to discuss party politics or questions with a view to the ad- 
 vancement of any party organization, but desire only to speak to you with ref- 
 erence to the troublesthat now environ the country and threaten the perpetuity 
 of the Government. * » * In this war I know no party. * * * Although 
 I have always been a Democrat, and cherish the doctrines of that old and hon- 
 ored party, yet in this contest I was for any man, let him belong to whatever 
 party he might, who was for his country. 
 
 Being criticised for being an Abolitionist, General Logan said: 
 
 If it makes a man an Abolitionist to love his country, then I love my coun- 
 try, and am willing fo live for it and willing to die for it. 
 
 General Logan's devotion to his country was the moving impulse of his 
 heart, and he was willing, from the hour in which he saw the danger 
 
threatening the perpetuity of the Union, to give his life to save it. When 
 the war was over and the integrity of the Union had been maintained, 
 vrhen he had laid aside his victorious sword, he used the following lan- 
 guage in a speech at Louisville, Ky., on July 21, 1865: 
 
 Peace has come at last. * * * Tlie dark clouds of war that have been piling 
 in terrific grandeur along the southmi horizon for four long years, and ever 
 and anon bursting with fatal and fearful fury upon the land, h.ave at last, 
 Heaven be praised, rolled away. The trumpet clangor and the cannon's roar 
 resound no longer from embattled plains. God grant that they never may again; 
 that it may be as literally true of the soldiers who survive as it is bound to be 
 of those who "sleejj their sleep" that they have all "fought their last battle." 
 
 Like his great and true friend, General Grant, while General Logan 
 was a great soldier, he did not love war, but with a heart full of human 
 sympathy he loved peace and preferred her victories to those of war. 
 Logan had a tender and sympathetic nature. His heart was full of 
 sorrow for the sick, the wounded, and the dying soldiers who were con- 
 stantly around him. He regarded the institution of slavery as the 
 cause of the war and all its attendant distress, and in the address at 
 Louisville already referred to he used these graphic words: 
 
 Oh, that I had the power to bring together all the slaveholders of the land, 
 and liave them look on in solemn silence while the cripples, the widows, and 
 orphans that have been made by this war could pass before them in grand re- 
 view and tell their tales of misery and ■woe that slavery has brought upon 
 them. Were their hearts not made of stone they would melt while gazing at 
 such a scene, and with one voice they must cry out : " Let the land be at once 
 rid of the curse that has caused such a dreadful scene as this." 
 
 General Logan's earnest feelings in regard to those who fought to 
 preserve the Union are illustrated by a statement made in a speech in 
 the other wing of this Capitol in 1867, when, in speaking on the sub- 
 ject of the reconstruction of the States that had been in rebellion, he 
 said: 
 
 God forbid that the day shall ever dawn upon thisRepublic when the patriots 
 whose patriotism won them crutches and wooden limbs shall have apologies 
 and explanations to make for their public conduct ! 
 
 Mr. President, I make these few quotations from the many striking 
 passages that illuminate General Logan's addresses in Congress and to 
 the people to show how earnest and undivided was his devotion to his 
 country, his love for his companions in arms, and his opposition to 
 slavery as the cau.se of the war. 
 
 General Logan was the idol of the volunteer soldiers of the late war, 
 and since the war closed no man in the nation has been so universally 
 recognized by them as a friend upon whom they could confidently rely 
 for help as he was. His heart went out to them and theirs to him. 
 On one occasion he said: 
 
 My consent can never be commanded to ignore the claims that I feel the gal- 
 lant dead who fell fighting under our flag have upon my devotion to their fame 
 while I live. 
 
 The death of no man since the war has been so sorrowfully mourned 
 by the volunteer soldiery of the Union as has been the death of Gen- 
 eral Logan. The soldier of that grand army mourns his loss to-day as 
 " one who will not be comforted." 
 
 You will call to mind, Mr. President, General Logan's speeches on 
 education, on the needs of the Army, his defense of General Grant, and 
 his arraignment of General Fitz John Porter. These constitute an im- 
 portant part of the records of Senatorial debates, and should be classed 
 among the ablest and most exhaustive speeches ever made in the Sen- 
 ate. As a political leader General Logan was conspicuously successful. 
 
9 
 
 He was naturally in the front rank, whether on the field of battle or in 
 political contests. Livinp; in an era when corruption was not uncotn- 
 nion, when strong men ol l)()tli parties sonictinies stood a.Ljliast and saw 
 tluur reputations blasted by public exposure, he remained throughout 
 his long public career above suspicion. 
 
 Wealth could not tempt him to soil his spotless name. He never 
 used the opportunities of his oflicial position as a means of obtaining 
 gold. He died as he hud lived, a poor man. 
 
 Throughout his long and conspicuous public career he came many 
 times belbre the people, l)ut there never was a ghost of dishonor in his 
 past to rise up and cry upon him shame. May his children "rejoice and 
 be glad" in the example of a father of whom the whole nation could 
 rise up and say, " There was an honest man." 
 
 lint let us not indulge in adulation. General Logan was not a per- 
 fect man. Faults had he, "child of Adam's stem," but they were 
 small, and served by comj)arison but to enhance his virtues. His preju- 
 dices were sometimes narrow, but he was never a hypocrite. He 
 never professed to be what he was not. 
 
 He sometimes erred, for he was possessed of like passions with other 
 men. He sometimes alienated a Iriend, as every strong, independent 
 man must in the course of a public career. He had his bitter enemies, 
 but, in the words of a revered and venerable friend of General Logan's, 
 ex-Renator Simon Cameron, "a man who makes no enemies is never a 
 positive force." Logan was a positive force. He took his position on 
 questions as they came up, and was always ready to defend it with all 
 his power. 
 
 Mr. President, few men in American history have left so positive an 
 impress on the public mind and so glorious a record to be know u and 
 read of all men as has General Logan. The pen of the historian can 
 not fail to write the name of Logan as one prominently identified with 
 the great movements and measures which have saved the Union and 
 made the nation free and great and glorious within the last thirty years. 
 
 Like Lincoln, his heart and hand were ever lor the people. He came 
 up from the ranks of the people, believed in the purity and integrity 
 of the masses, and was always ready and eager to speak for them. He 
 was a true republican and believed firmly iu republican government. 
 He despised tyranny in all its forms wherever he found it. He was 
 always true to his convictions and to his friends, and no power or in- 
 fluence could induce him to forsake either. 
 
 His sturdy character has been .so often demonstrated upon this floor 
 and in his work and in his powerful speeches in every part of the coun- 
 try, always showing his most earnest devotion to the Union, his never 
 flagging zeal in behalf of his comrades-in-arms, his love of liberty and 
 human equality, his belief in universal education as in the interest of 
 the happiness of the people and of the perpetuity of republican gov- 
 ernment, his adherence at all times to his convictions of duty, his un- 
 faltering determination to stand by his friends — that it seems needless 
 for me to dwell upon it longer. In his remarks in this Senate upon 
 an occasion similar to this, in speaking of a once distinguished mem- 
 ber of this body, the lamented Chandler, General Logan used the fol- 
 lowing language: 
 
 'Tis tri'.e the grave in its silence gives forth no voice nor wliispers of the mor- 
 row, hnt tl^ere is a voice borne upon tlie lips of the morning zejihyrs that lets 
 fall a whisper, quickening the heart with a knowledge that there is an abode 
 beyond the tomb. 8ir, our lamps are burning now, some more brightly than 
 others; some shed their light from the moimtain's top, others from the lowly 
 
10 
 
 vales; but let us so trim them that they may all burn with equal brilliancy 
 when relighted in our mansions beyond the mysterious river. 
 I fondly hope, sir, that there we will again meet our departed friend. 
 
 Mr. President, he who uttered those tender words, thus giving ex- 
 pression to his faith in the herealter and to his love of his departed 
 friend, has gone to join him in the mansions beyond the mysterious 
 river, may we not trust in that better land where there is iio more pain 
 nor suffering nor sorrow, but in the mansions of eternal bliss. 
 
 As time passes and the men who did the most in the late terrible 
 civil war pass rapidly away one by one we have the consolation of know- 
 ing that they leave to us a united country, with the Union of the States 
 restored and liberty secured to all the people, to be transmiteed by us 
 to those who come after as a glorious inheritance. 
 
 Death is a good Samaritan, throwing the mantle of charity over the 
 faults of men, burying in oblivion the sins of the flesh, and bidding 
 their good deeds ' ' live after them. ' ' 
 
 And now we stand as at an open grave to say our last farewell. 
 Here was a man who could ill be spared to country, friends, or home. 
 "Our life is scarce the twinkling of a star in God's eternal day," yet 
 we bow in resignation to the divine decree when the summons comes 
 to one weary with the burden of years and with labors ended. But to 
 see the darkness fall at noon- time, the sun go down while we look for a 
 brighter day, is a mystery of Providence too deep for human compre- 
 hension. 
 
 "When death claims the strong and great, those to whom we look for 
 help and strength, we ask why, why was he taken, and can not under- 
 stand the dealings of an Infinite Wisdom. As the autumn leaves 
 drop and enrich the soil, so are the great men of our nation falling by 
 the way, leaving a golden heritage of honored names and fame to gen- 
 erations yet unborn. 
 
 Our friend and brother has crossed to the other shore to join the im- 
 mortal throng. He has left a desolate hearthstone, a loved companion, 
 prostrate in her grief, refusing to be comforted. His conflicts are over. 
 He is at peace " where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary 
 are at rest. ' ' 
 
 In halls of state he stood for many years. 
 Like fabled knight, his visage all aglow! 
 Eeceiving, giving sternly, blow for blow ! 
 Champion of right ! But from eternity's far shore 
 Thy spirit will return to join the strife no more. 
 Rest, soldier-statesman, rest; thy troubled life is o'er. 
 
 Mr. MORGAN. Mr. President, this is not an unmeaning ceremonial. 
 The Senate has notpaused in its great labors and arrested its important 
 service to the people of the United States for the purpose merely of 
 indulging in passing eulogistic remarks upon the character of our 
 brother who has left us; but we consider that it is due not to him alone 
 but to this whole country that a man who was so marked in his grand 
 individuality and splendid characteristics should bespoken of here, and 
 that we should contribute what we are able to do to enhance the value 
 of his memory for the sake of posterity as well as for the present gen- 
 eration of men. 
 
 The pathetic remarks that fell from his lips which were quoted by 
 the Senator from Illinois [Mr. Cullom] at the time that we were hold- 
 ing obsequies over the departed Senator from Michigan, Mr. Chandler, 
 bring forcibly before my mind, as I have no doubt it does before the 
 
11 
 
 mind of the Senate, the question, whence has gone this man so power- 
 fully clothed with every element of strength, goodness and greatness ol' 
 character? Has the Divine hand that fashioned a man lil^c this and 
 made it possible for him to build himself up through the toils and la- 
 bors and vicissitudes of life found no use for him in the great economy 
 of His providence, since that sad and startling moment when he was 
 taken, yes, snatched from our midst? I think, sir, of John A. Logan 
 to-day as a powerful factor in the hands of his Creator, still working 
 out diligently and faithfully the good that he seemed so well designed 
 to accomplish. I do not regard him as lost or passed into a mythical 
 land where there is no longeruse for the valuable services which he has 
 been so conspicuous in rendering to his race while he lived among us. 
 I think ot him as a living, moving energy, still useful in the great pur- 
 poses of the Divine economy. 
 
 I do not come here, Mr. President, to pronounce about a man so sin- 
 cere as he was any word of eulogy or praise in which there will be a 
 coloring of insincerity. For twenty-live years I was opposed to almost 
 every measure of public policy that he espoused. It so turned out that 
 in the tirst battle of the war and in the latest battle in which I partici- 
 pated we were confronted with each other. It so turned out that hav- 
 ing our political principles cast much in the same mold in early life, 
 we separated, as did the sections of this great country, upon questions 
 that it appears could not be settled or reconciled otherwise than by war. 
 After we had again come in the presence of each other in this Sen- 
 ate, he, with an absolute sincerity of purpose, which I claim lor my- 
 self also, took the opposite view from that which I held of most of 
 the great questions that have engaged the attention of this body since 
 that time. But in all that he did and in all that he .said John A. 
 Logan was a thoroughly sincere and a resolutely upright man. 
 
 The differences of opinion that exist between men in this country, 
 where freedom of speech and of debate are sanctioned and encouraged 
 by the Constitution and by the traditions of our history, develop men 
 who oppose each other with great strength and power frequently, and 
 develop even in ordinary men a strength of will and purpose that is 
 honorable to them and beneticial to the people. Our divisions of sen- 
 timent and opinion are altogether natural and indispensable. They 
 merely mean that the questions with which we have to deal are de- 
 batable and often doubtful, and that they must tinally be settled in 
 this body, as in all other legislative bodies in this country, l)y the 
 power of a majority, the minority always yielding to the majority as 
 being right in substance and in effect. So that when I controvert with 
 a man of the strength of Logau's will and a man of his ability, his 
 learning, his enterprise, and his genius, for he possessed all in a large 
 degree, I feel that the combats in which we engage are those in which 
 men on either side may be absolutely sincere. 
 
 John A. Logan was, more than almost any man in my remembrance, 
 the typical American of the Western St;ites. He was born and reared 
 in the West, that country of marvelous strength, power, and progress. 
 All of his efforts were given to the service tirst of that particular sec- 
 tion and alterwards to the more enlarged service of the general country. 
 But Logan .seemed to be the embodiment of the spirit and power of 
 that wonderful West, which has grown and strengthened in our country 
 as no other section of this Union ever has within a given time. The 
 energy of his nature, the tbrtitude, the persistence, the industry, the 
 courage with which he encountered every question that arose seemed 
 
12 
 
 merely to exemplify the pervading spirit of the western part of the 
 United States, and he will go down to posterity, not because we de- 
 scribe him in our speeches here to-day, but because he has described 
 himself in every act of his life as a man perfectly understood and the 
 recognized exemplar of one of the strongest and most splendid types 
 of American character. 
 
 I confess, Mr. President, that I feel a certain joy in the power of our 
 country to develop men like this. I think it is greatly to the credit 
 of the country that a man can be brought from the bosom of the peo- 
 ple and lifted into the highest stations of place and power without in 
 the slightest degree losing his identity with them; retiecting here upon 
 the floor of the Senate what they feel in their hearts and what they 
 believe and teach in their homes, keeping up a perpetual bond of af- 
 fectionate union between those highest in authority in this land and 
 those who are in the retirement of private life. 
 
 Institutions that can produce men and results like these are worthy 
 of preservation, and no man more regrets than I do that there was ever 
 one moment of time in the history of this country when it seemed to be 
 necessary for the preservation of rights that a large portion of the people 
 of this country believed to be sacred that these institutions of ours 
 should have been put under a threat. That time has passed away, and 
 with it all the rancors of the occasion. You can not point out in the 
 history of any race of people that degree of mutual magnanimity and 
 forbearance that has characterized the people of this great country in 
 returning to unite hands and hearts in the maintenance of its institu- 
 tions, in the elevation of its honor, and in the perfection of its glory. 
 
 In these eiforts men who thought and felt as I have thought and felt 
 always gladly stretch forth the hand of honest brotherhood to men like 
 John A. Logan. We were never afraid of such men because they were 
 candid and true. Noguile beset that man's life, no evasion, no finesse. 
 No merely political strategy ever characterized his conduct in public 
 life or marred his honor in private life. He was a bold, pronounced, 
 dignified, earnest, manly, firm, generous, true man, and I value the 
 opportunity to express these sentiments about such a man on the floor 
 of the Senate on this solemn occasion. 
 
 Passing beyond the events to which I have alluded, where he and I 
 had adverse opinions, and taking this young man in company with 
 thousands of his confreres of like age who were in the army that invaded 
 Mexico, we find there the earliest display of those qualities which con- 
 tinued in unabated vigor and distinctiveness down to the very hour oi 
 his death. I have always felt that we had sent out with the army to 
 Mexico the very flower of American chivalry in the persons of those 
 young men who bore our banners in triumph to the halls of the Mon- 
 tezumas. Scarce a man who distinguished himself in that war has not 
 received great honors at the hands of his country and has not proved 
 himself thoroughly worthy of them. We can scarcely recall an indi- 
 viaual who had a prominent place in that war — I do not mean official 
 place, but who won his position by dutiful service in that war — who has 
 not received at the hands of the American people a complete recognition 
 of those abilities and courageous manhood which enabled him to go out 
 in this early trial of his life and to prove himself upon those fields as a 
 man of valor and of power. 
 
 I believe that no man has died in this country in a half century for 
 whom the people of the United States at large had a more genuine re- 
 spect or in whom they had greater confidence than in General Logan. 
 
The Senate has witnessed on various oceasions his antaj^onism even 
 to his best Iriends when his convictions led him to separate Irom them 
 npon political and other questions that have been l)rought before the 
 Senate. Always couraj^enns, always firm, always true, you knew ex- 
 actly where to place him; and when his manly (urm strode across the 
 Senate Chamber and he took his seat among his brethren of this body 
 this country as well as this august tribunal felt that a man had ap- 
 peared of valor and strength and real ability. 
 
 Though perhaps he could not handle the refinements of disquisition 
 and logic with as much skill as some, Logan did not want to use such 
 methods in his argument. He desired to have strong materials out of 
 which to build powerful argumentation. If the facts that appeared before 
 his mind convinced hjs judgmentand his conscience that his course was 
 right, he seldom stopped to see whether the path that he had'marked 
 out for himself was one justified by the doctrines of any political party 
 or had been explored by some great man. While I feel that there is 
 great attention always deserving to matters of the kind I have been 
 mentioning, it is nevertheless true that those strong and earnest men 
 who take hold of facts as they arise, and in handling them follow the 
 dictates of judgment and of conscience, oftener meet the approval of the 
 American people than those who refine too much and, from timidity, 
 fail to reach the results that the people themselves have fastened their 
 hearts upon. 
 
 I am glad, Mr. President, of the opportunity to render to our late 
 associate what I conceive to be a merited tribute, and to extend my 
 remarks a little further and to say of him that in his domestic relations 
 he was one of the fondest and most lovable of men. In that crucial 
 test of an honest character and of a gentle and forbearing nature, no 
 man excelled John A. Logan. He was a true husband, a true father, 
 a true friend, and when that is said of a man, and you can add to it 
 also that he was a true patriot, a true soldier, and a true statesman, I 
 do not know what else could be grouped into the human character to 
 make it more sublime than that. 
 
 Mr. EDMUNDS. Mr. President, I first knew General Logan about 
 twenty years ago. He was then a member of the House of Eepresenta- 
 tives, and I had just come to the Senate. His fame as a soldier, of 
 course, was well known to me. His personal characteristics I then knew 
 nothing of. I soon met him in committees of conference and otherwise 
 as representing the opinions of the House of Representatives in matters 
 of difference with the Senate, and I was struck, as everybody has been 
 who has known him, with the very extraordinary characteristics that 
 he possessed. They have been stated by his colleague who first ad- 
 dressed you and by my friend on the other side of the Chamber — the 
 characteristic of candor, the characteristic of simplicity of statement, 
 the characteristic of clearness of opinion, the characteristic of that Anglo- 
 Saxon persistence in upholding an opinion once formed that has made 
 our British ancestors and our own people the strongest forces for civil- 
 ization of which we have any account in the history of the world. 
 
 There was no pretense about the man; there was no ambuscade; 
 there was no obscurity. What he was for he understood his reason for 
 being for, stated it brielly and clearly, and stuck to it: and that, as 
 we all know, and a$ it always ought to be, means in the great majority 
 of instances success, and where success fails it is an instance of honor- 
 able defeat. 
 
14 
 
 His industry, Mr. President, which I have so long had oiiportunity 
 to know and to know intimately, for later when he came to the Senate 
 it was my good fortune to serve with him in one of the committees of 
 the Senate having a verj- large amount of work to do — his industry, as 
 well as these other characteristics that I have spoken of, was of the 
 greatest. He seemed never to tire, to be ready to stay out and finish 
 the things that were to be done, an example to us all of that fidelity 
 to the administi'atiou of public interests, the things to be done and ac- 
 complished that I think were extremely conspicuous, and I must say 
 among the living are somewhat rare. 
 
 So speaking of him, Mr. President, as a Member of the House of Rep- 
 resentatives and as a Senator performing his public duty, I can speak 
 of him with the simplest sincerity and say that h.e was entitled, in my 
 oi)inion, to the highest praise for these qualities and these things that 
 he both had and did in perlbrming important public duties. 
 
 No more can be said, Mr. President, of any man, whether he have 
 the gifts of eloquence or the boundless resources of learning. He who 
 does his deed of duty in the place where he stands is the best patriot, 
 the best citizen, the best legislator, the best ruler, and the best man. 
 That he did. 
 
 For many years General Logan and I have sat here side by side. His 
 temper, like that of some of those who sat very near to him, was not 
 always of the most stolid kind, and he and I, sitting here side by side, 
 very often in our constant conversations and intercourse diftered and 
 disagreed; we sometimes got warm and angry; but I think I can say 
 truly that the sun never went down on his wrath toward me or any 
 other man from occasions arising from differences of ojjiuion and warmth 
 of words. 
 
 He was the gentlest of hearts, the truest of natures, the highest of 
 spirits, that feels and considers the weaknesses of human nature and 
 who does not let small things stand in the way of his generous friend- 
 .ship and affection for those with whom he is thrown. And so in the 
 midst of a career that had been so honorable in every branch of the 
 public service, and with just ambitious and just powers to a yet longer 
 life of great public usefulness, he disappears from among us — not dead — 
 promoted, as I think, leaving us to mourn, not his departure for his 
 sake but that the value of his conspicuous example, the strength of 
 his consjiicuous experience in public affairs, and the wisdom of his coun- 
 sels have been withdrawn. 
 
 And so I mourn him for ourselves, not for himself; and so I look upon 
 an occasion like this not so much — far from it — for the regrets that be- 
 long to personal separations as the testimonial that a great body like 
 this should make for ourselves and for our people of a recognition of 
 the merits and of the examples and of the services that are to be not 
 only a memorial but an inspii-ation to us all and to all our countrymen 
 as to the just recognition and worth of noble deeds and honest desires. 
 And so I lay my small contribution upon his grave in this way. 
 
 Mr. MANDEESON. Mr. President, as I stood a few weeks ago by 
 the A-ault that received within its gloomy walls the houored remains of 
 .John Alexander Logan, and heard the impressive words of the solemn 
 ritual for the dead of the Grand Army of the Republic, it seemed tome 
 a most fitting ceremonial. The aged comrade of the order who, in 
 tremulous tones, read the lines that breathe in eveiy word the spirit of 
 fraternity, charity, and loyalty, represented the three hundred and fifty 
 
15 
 
 thousand companions in arms, comrades of the ilhistrious dead, to 
 whom lie was endeared by mnch of self-sacrifice and a devotion to their 
 interests tln;t never knew tatijiue. As the clear, well-sustained notes 
 of the bugle hung, as though loth to leave, upon the wintry air, 
 
 And the iliiiKle's hollow Uiroat 
 Prolonged tlie swelling bugle note, 
 
 soundin^i the call "lights out," it was tit finale to the life of activity 
 .nid conflict so lately ended. It spoke of rest alter fatigue, of the 
 peaceful camp after the wearisome march, of (juiet alter the din of 
 arms, of sweet sleep after battle. It meant the restful darkness after 
 the wakeful light, the covering of the camp-lire to retain it^ warmth 
 until the dawn, the promise of the coming day, the resurrection and 
 the life eternal. 
 
 The familiar bugle-call brought most vividly to my recollection the 
 first time I met our friend and comrade, nearly twenty-five years ago. 
 The disa.ster to our arms on dread Chickamaiiga's bloodyday— the only 
 battle approaching defeat that the Army of the Cumberland had ever 
 known — had been redeemed by the glorious and substantial victories of 
 .Mission Ridge and Lookout Mountain. These battles had been won 
 with the aid of the Army of the Tennessee, and Sherman, its leader, had 
 come to fight by the side of Thomas, " the Rock of Chickamauga."' 
 
 With Grant, the great captain, to direct the movements of these 
 most able lieutenants, the victory was assured, and with the cajjtnre of 
 the rebel stronghold upon the frowning heights of Mi.ssion Ridge and 
 lofty Lookout the Georgia campaign, that ended in the capture of At- 
 lanta and the march to the sea, that ''broke the back of the rebel- 
 lion," became itossibilities. The fair fame of our brethren oftheTen- 
 nes.see was familiar to us of the Army of the Cumberland. We had 
 fought by their side at Shiloh. We knew of their high emprise at 
 Corinth, Champion Hills, and Vicksburg. We had heard and read ot 
 .Sherman, Mil'lienson, and Logan. 
 
 I do not disparage the bright fame of either of the first two when I 
 say that the chief interest centered at that time about tlie name of the 
 third of these famous leaders of the Army of the Tennc'^see. He was 
 the great volunteer soldier. He came from civil life — was without edu- 
 cation in the art of war save that which came from a limited experi- 
 ence during the war with Mexico. He resigued his po>ition as a mem- 
 ber of Congress to enter the army of the Union as a pri\ate. With 
 burning words of eloquence and lofty patriotism he gathered his neigh- 
 bors of his Congressional district about his recruiting Hag, organized 
 and became the colonel of the Thirty-first Regiment of Illinois N'olun- 
 teers. The baptism of blood came to him at Belmont, where he led 
 the charging column upon the foe. 
 
 At Fort Henry his regiment captured eight of the enemy's guns. At 
 Fort Donelson, while impetuously nrging his men to the lust^ault. he 
 was badly wounded in the arm and hip but never fiinched, and by his 
 intrepidity kept his men in i)lace until thev were reinforced, their 
 commander leaving the field only when faint fiom loss of blooil. 
 His regiment in this bloody fray lost 50 per cent, of its number in killed 
 and wounded. Promoted to be brigadier-general, he returned before 
 full recovery of health and strength, and at Corinth (leneral Sherman 
 acknowledged his special obligation to General Logan, luid described 
 how gallantly "'he held the critical ground on the right against a large 
 force of the enemy." 
 
16 
 
 Advauced to the command of a division he saved the day at Raymond, 
 and the historian wrote of him — 
 
 lie was full of zeal and wild with enthusiasm, and to his division belongs the 
 honor of the victory. Fearless as a lion, he was in every part of the field and 
 seemed to infuse every man of his command with a part of his own indomita- 
 ble eners;y and IJery valor. 
 
 At Jackson and at Champion Hills hi.s splendid division, as usual, 
 immortalized itself. He seemed a horn leader, displaying "unflmch- 
 iup; endurance, daring bravery, and determined energy." Atthe.siege 
 of Vicksburg. and particularly in the a.ssanlt after the mine explo.sion, 
 he was the prominent figure. His division was the first to enter the 
 captured stronghold on that memorable 4th day of July. A witness 
 of the scene wrote: 
 
 The General rode at their liead worshipped by his men — a man of iron will 
 and' lion-like courage, who seemed under the blasts of war to change into a 
 demi-god. 
 
 As a tribute to his gallantry and etTective service during the siege, 
 he was made military governor, and in that caijacity displayed won- 
 derful executive pov,-er in caring for the captured thousands of Pem- 
 berton's army and the many other thousands of citizens who were re- 
 duced almost to starvation. He brought "order out of chaos, re- 
 strained disorder, and treated the conquered with impartial .iustice." 
 
 Having been made major-general of volunteers, he succeeded Gen- 
 eral Sherman as commander of the Fifteenth Corps. 
 
 His parting address to the gallant division he had so frequently led 
 to victory is well worthy of remembrance. He said it "had made for 
 itself a history to be proud of; a history never to be forgotten; lor it 
 is written as with a pen of fire dipped in ink of blood in the memories 
 and in the hearts of all. '' He besought his men in these words: " Ee- 
 member the glorious cause j'ou are fighting for, remember the bleach- 
 ing bones of your comrades killed on the bloody fields of Donelson, 
 Corinth, Champion Hills, and Yicksbnrg, or who perished by disease 
 during the past two years of hardship and exposure, and swear by 
 these imperishable memories never, while life remains, to prove recre- 
 ant to the trust Heaven has confided to your charge." 
 
 This was the meteoric military career of the junior of the three 
 splendid soldiers who came from the great valley they had immortal- 
 ized by their valor to the central West, to join with Thomas, Schofield, 
 and Hooker in the campaign against Atlanta — "the gate citv of the 
 South." 
 
 I first saw Logan in front of the confederate position on Keuesaw 
 Mountain, when his corps made that desperate assault upon Little 
 Kenesaw — so fruitless in results, so costly in human life. The sight 
 was an inspiration. Well mounted — " lie looked of his horse a part." 
 His swarfliy complexion, long black hair, compact figure, stentorian 
 voice, and eyes that seemed to blaze " with the light of battle," made 
 a figure once seen never to be forgotten. In action he was the very 
 spirit of war. His magnificent presence wonld make a coward fight. 
 He seemed a resistless force. 
 
 The sword 
 Of Michael, from the armory of God, 
 Was given liiiii, tempered so that neither keen 
 Nor solid might resist that edge. 
 
 The splendid record of achievements won along the Mississippi was 
 to remain unbroken. His name is written upon every page of the 
 
17 
 
 Oeorjiia campaisrn of over oiic hiind red days of constant fighting. .Says 
 one oltlic historians of tho Army of the Cumberland: "As the united 
 armies advanced along the battle line, where for four months the firing 
 never wholly ceased by day or by night, everbody came to know Logan. 
 Jlrave, vigilant and aggressive, he won universal ai)plause. I'rudeut 
 for his men and reckless in exposing his own person, he excited general 
 admiration. 
 
 When the lines were close his own heach^uarters were often scarcely 
 oat of sight of the pickets, and he generally had a hand in whatever 
 deadly work might spring up along his front. 
 
 At Kcsaca. at Dallas, in front ol' frowning Kenesaw, at Peach Tree 
 Creek and Xcvv Hope Church his corps under his leadership added to 
 its fame. When McPherson was killed Logan assumed temporary com- 
 mand of the Army of the Tennessee, and '"wrested victory from the 
 jaws ol" deleat. '■ "We of the Cnmlierland heard the noise of the cannon 
 and the rattle of the musketry' that told of the severe assaults made by 
 the des})erate foe on Logans line. I visited the held the next Tuorning 
 and saw the terrible results of the deadly struggle. 
 
 The ground was thickly strewn with the slain, and the face of nature 
 had been changed bj' the condiet as though 
 
 MiMi liad foiiRht upon the eartli and fiends in upper siir. 
 
 Logans battle presence here is .said to have been sublime. The death 
 of his beloved comrade in arms .seemed to transform him into a very 
 Moloch. Bare-headed he rode his lines, encouraging his men by word 
 and deed, his battle-cry, "McPherson and revenge.'" Sherman's ofli- 
 cial report of the l)attle says: 
 
 Tlie brave •.mil grallant (xeneral Logan nobly sustained liis reputation and that 
 of his veteran army and aven<jed the death of his comrade and coniiiiander. 
 
 I wonld fain speak of Ezra Chapel and .lonesborongh, bntlack of time 
 I'orbids. 
 
 On Sfpteml»er 2 the campaign of constant fighting that began May 2 
 dosed by the occupation of Atlanta, and no one man did more to bring 
 about the glorious re.'^ult than he whose fleath wc ttt da\ deplore. Of 
 his services during tlie march from Savannah through the Carolin:us I 
 <an not take time to speak. Ke rode at the head of the victorious 
 veterans of the .Vrmy of the Tennessee at the (irand Review. f.,ongit3 
 leader, he bad at last become its commander. No more knightly figure 
 ai)i)eared in the marching columns. Xo Ijraver or truer heart swelled 
 with the lofty emotions of the hour. 
 
 Through all of (Jeneral Logan's military career it is evident that he 
 was far more than a mere .soldier. .Vlthough terribly at home upon the 
 field of ])attle it was not loveof the life that took him there. His sen- 
 .sitive and sympathetic nature cau.sed him many unhappy hours as he 
 saw the horrors war had wrought. He was no mere seeker for " the 
 bubble re]mtation. "' The speeches made and letters written immedi- 
 ately l>efore and during the great struggle for national existence show 
 him to have been imbued with the.spirit of loftiest ])atriotism. In Con- 
 gress he siiid: 
 
 I liave been taufjlit to Ix-lii-ve tlia' the preservation of this j;lorions Union, 
 witli its broad flag wavinu: over lis a* the shield for our protection on land and 
 on sea, is paramount to all the parties and platforms that ever have existed, or 
 ever can exist. I would to-day, if I had the power, sink my own party and 
 every other one with all their platforms into the vortex of ruin, without heav- 
 jnga sifih or shedding a tear, to save tlie Union. 
 
 LOU AN 2 
 
18 
 
 In 1862, wlieu solicited to represent Illiuois as Representative at 
 large, be wrote: 
 
 A oompliancc with vour request on my part would be a departure from the 
 •settled resolutions wiUi which I resumed my sword in defense and for the per- 
 liutuity of a government, the like and blessings of which no other nation or age 
 shall e"njoy if once suffered to be weakened or destroyed. In making this re- 
 plv I feci ihat it is unnecessary to enlarge as to what were, are, or may hereafter 
 be mv political views, but would simply state that politics of every grade and 
 oharacier whatsoever are now ignored by me, since I am convinced that the 
 Constitution and life of this Republic, which I shall never cease to adore, are in 
 danger. . , ^ /• ^i, tt ■ 
 
 I expiess all my viewsin politics when I assert myaltachment for the Lnion. 
 I have no otlier ijolitics now, and consequently no aspirations for civil place or 
 power No' I am to-dav a soldier of this Republic, so to remam, changeless 
 and immutable, untilher last and weakest enemy shall have expired and passed 
 away Ambitious men who have not a true love for their country at heart may 
 bring fortli cru<le and bootless questions to agitate the pulse of our troubled 
 nation and thwart the preservation of this Union, but of none of such am I. i 
 have entered the field to die if needs be for this Government, and never expect 
 to return to peaceful pursuits until the object of this war has become a fact 
 established. 
 
 While deeply in earnest and desirous of serving his coimtry iu the 
 largest sphere^ it can not be said that he vs-as ambitions. He never 
 songht promotion. It came to him as proper recnunition of great fit- 
 ness and much service. 
 
 The tftiit iu his character upon which my thoughts dwell with fond- 
 ness and emotion was his generous regard for the rights of others. It 
 shone out couspicuou.sly in his treatment of that noble soldier and true 
 patriot, (leneral George H. Thomas, whom all men loved. There was 
 impatience that Thomas did not move to the attack of Hood. The 
 iact that the rain, which froze as it fell, covered the earth with ice upon 
 which manor beast could scarcely stand was really cause sufficient foi 
 delay. 
 
 Logan was ordered to supersede the great leader of the Cumberland 
 army. He proceeded westward without haste, although the command 
 of that splendid army of veterans was something greatly to be desired. 
 Reaching Louisvifle and hearing that the thaw had come and Thomas 
 ready to move, he delayed in that city. The glorious news of the great 
 victory at Nashville soon came to bim. Logan, with the order assign- 
 ing him to supreme command in his pocket, telegraphed the glad tidings 
 to Washington and asked that Thomas might remain at the head of the 
 men who h;id followed him for so many years, and that he might re- 
 turn to the inferior command. 
 
 No desire for self- advancement could prompt him to disregard the 
 rights of a comrade. Without a murmur he had before this time seen 
 the command of the Army of the Tennessee pass to another when itseemed 
 matter of right that it should be his as the natural successor of the la- 
 mented McPherson. General Hooker, with less of claim, wanted it, 
 and in his grievous disappointment asked to be relieved from duty. 
 Logan did not sulk an instant, l)ut, with unselfish patriotism, went 
 where,ver dut.y called. 
 
 It Knot my purpose to speak of the great dead in any other capacity 
 than that of a soldier. Let others spc^ak of him as a civilian, lawyer, 
 legislator, statesman, and tell of his merits as citizen, husband, father, 
 and Iriend. 1 was his recognized comrade, as was every other man who 
 wore the blue. He never ibrgot tliJ'in. Tiiey will never foi'get him. 
 He made it impossible so to do by ids devotion to the volunteer sol- 
 diers' interests. ' The statute books are full of laws for the maimtd 
 and disabled, tlie widowed and the fatherTess, thathe either originated 
 
19 
 
 or actively helped to pass. His life here and in the other House since 
 the war was one of constant devotion to those with wlioni he had 
 served. It was this strong l'eelin<i of comradeship that prompted him 
 to aid materially in tlie organization of that great order — the Grand 
 Army of the Republic. 
 
 He originated the ever-beautiful Memorial Day and constantly urged 
 its observance. It was a revelation to many that this sturdy soldier 
 should have conceived the poetic idea that the graves ot the Union dead 
 should receive their yearly tribute of flowers. The thought was ))orn 
 of his love for them. Tliere was much that was refined beneath the 
 bold, frank exterior. 
 
 The bravest are the teuderest, 
 
 The loving- are the daring. 
 
 A friend who knew him well writes of him: 
 
 His domestic life was nn oxqnisite idyl. It was fragrant with faith and ten- 
 derness. It was a poem whose rhythm was never marred. 
 
 Our hearts go out in sympathetic love to-day to the lonely woman 
 ■who was his hel pmeet all the days of his manhood life. Her's the deso- 
 lation of a great loss, but with it the consolation of a great love. 
 
 Peace be with her. 
 
 Mr. HAMPTON. Mr. President, I understand and appre(;iate fully 
 the motives which prompt the tender and touching tributes paid here 
 to the memory of our late and distinguished colleague. I sympathize 
 with them as honorable alike to the living and to the dead. It is emi- 
 nently right and proper that the political associates and the comrades 
 in arms of the dead statesman and soldier should bear grateful testi- 
 mony to his services and pay homage to his virtues. This is his due; 
 it belongs of right to him, and none are more willing to accord this to 
 him than those who were his political opponents. For one, I join gladly 
 in every mark of respect paid to the memory of General Logan. But, 
 sir, in the few remarks which I shall make on this mournful occasion 
 which recalls a calamity that has filled, not only the Senate, but the 
 whole country with profound sorrow, I must speak from a standpoint 
 different from that occupied by the political friends and the comrades 
 of him who has been stricken down in the prime of manhood, and in 
 the midst of his usefulness so suddenly and so mysteriously. The 
 political school in which my creed was formed inculcated other doc- 
 trines than those held by General Logan, and these necessarily not only 
 arrayed me in the ranks of his political opponents, but in those which 
 were opposed to the cause he espoused and so bravely upheld in the 
 late unhappy civil war. As a Democrat, a Southern man, and a con- 
 federate soldier, I am called on to speak of him as a KepuVtlicau in high 
 and deserved honor with his party, as a Northern man who olfered his 
 life and gave his blood to prove the sincerity of his convictions, and as a 
 Federal soldier whose fame was as wide-spread as it was fairly achieved. 
 
 I therefore leave to others better lifted than myself the grateful 
 duty of portraying his remarkable military ciireer which placed him 
 high in the ranks of successful commanders, and of tracing his no less 
 remarkable political career, which led him up to become an honored 
 and recognized leader of his party. But I may say, in connection with 
 his brilliant military service, and it is due to him that I should say it, 
 that when war was flagrant, and the passions of men were inflamed to 
 their highest pitch, we of the South knew of no act of cruelty, of bar- 
 
20 
 
 barity, or of inhumanity to stain his record as a brave and honorable 
 soldier. 
 
 I shall speak of him as I knew him here, as a Senator and as a man; 
 and while we held opposite opinions on nearly all of the great ques- 
 tions which have divided parties in this country, I hope that I may 
 be able to speak with impartiality and with truth. His ability com- 
 manded my admiration; his many high qualities won my personal re- 
 gard, and every feeling of my heart prompts me to do full justice to 
 his merits. My acquaintance with General Logan began upon my en- 
 trance into this body, and by a curious coincidence the first utterances 
 I heard in this Chamber were from him while he was criticising my own 
 State sharply. His language on that occasion, as may readily be sup- 
 posed, was not calculated to inspire me with friendly feelings toward 
 him, and it created in my mind a prejudice against him which doubt- 
 less warped my judgment to some extent. It was in this condition of 
 things that I found myself placed on the Committee on Military Af- 
 fairs, of which he was a member, and over which he subsequently pre- 
 sided as chairman for years, zealously and efficiently. 
 
 Our service together on that committee was continuous from that 
 time until death freed him from earthly labors, and my long associa- 
 tion with him there taught me to respect his great ability and to ad- 
 mire the many good and generous traits which marked his character so 
 strongly. Thoroughly familiar with the Army rules and regulations, 
 earnestly desirous of promoting the efficiency of the service, laborious 
 and conscientious in the discharge of his duties, devoted to the old 
 soldiers, he was fully equipped to till the arduous and responsible posi- 
 tion he held. Of ardent temperament and strong will, he was not free 
 from the prejudices which always belong to natures such as his was, 
 but these were rigidly subordinated to his stern sense of justice and of 
 honor. And, sir, I can say truthfully that he frequently tempered 
 justice by mercy, and I acknowledge gratefully that on many occasions 
 the people of the South we're the recipients of his kindness. His 
 words in the heat and conflict of debate were sometimes bitter, but his 
 acts, inspired by his generous heart, were generally kinder than his 
 words. By his acts I prefer to judge his character, and by them my 
 estimate of him has been formed. 
 
 The characteristics which gave him such marked individuality as 
 chairman of the Military Committee were constantly illustrated on the 
 floor of the Senate. A strong adherent and supporter of his party, he 
 never failed to assert his independence of thought and of action when- 
 ever he deemed that his duty demanded this. Frank, fearless, and 
 outspoken, he professed in an eminent degi-ee the courage which springs 
 from sincere convictions, and he had the ability to defend these con- 
 victions. While doing this he dealt heavy blows, but they were al- 
 waj^s delivered in an open, straightforward, manly manner. He never 
 fought in ambush; he asked only an open field and fair play. Pos- 
 sessing as he did so many rare and generous attributes, it is not strange 
 that he found warm friends even among his political opponents, nor is 
 it surprising that he was a tower of strength to his own party. 
 
 His services, his talents, commanded the position of a leader, and he 
 filled that position ably. The ancient Romans, Mr. President, regarded 
 courage as among the highest virtues, and the word used by them to 
 express this quality has given to our language its beautiful word " vir- 
 tue." If the Latin and the English words are synonymous, as they 
 
21 
 
 should be, then surely we can ascribe courage and virtue to John A. 
 Logan. 
 
 No braver man ever lived, and the Almighty Creator endowed him 
 with many other and great virtues. His work on earth is done, and he 
 is at rest. 
 
 And from heaven of heavens above 
 
 God speakcth with biiteless breath: 
 " My an^el of perfect love 
 Is the angel men call Death 1 " 
 
 Mr. ALLISON. Mr. President, whosoever shall hereafter faithfully 
 write the annals of our country's history for the last quarter of a cen- 
 tury will have occasion to speak often and in words of high praise the 
 name of General John A. I^ogan. 
 
 His death came suddenly and unexpectedly to us all, as but a few 
 days before he was in his seat, apparently in his usual health. When 
 it came it disclosed not only the warm alJection, friendly devotion, arid 
 high esteem of his associates in this Chamber, but also the firm and 
 enduring hold he had upon the all'cctions of his countrymen every- 
 where. In public halls and churches and in other places they as- 
 sembled to give expression to their grief and sorrow by memorial serv- 
 ices and public addresses, recounting the story of his liie. 
 
 This universal manifestation, spontaneous and sincere, did not come 
 by chance or accident, but because his long public caieer rendered him 
 worthy of the great honors that were paid to his memory. 
 
 Others have spoken of his early history in Mexico, at the bar, and 
 in the State Legislature, all preliminary to larger field, opening up to 
 him in the National Congress and upon the great theater of war. He 
 first appeared in the National Capitol and took a seat in the House 
 of Kepreseutatives, to which he had been elected from the State of Illi- 
 nois in December, 1859. He was elected as a Democrat, and whatever 
 part he took in the public discussions of that session was in the line 
 pursued by the Democratic party. It is not fitting here and now to' 
 speak of the momentous qne>tious which then agitated the public 
 mind and sharply divided political parties. He was thrown into the 
 midst of this terrific political contlict which even then threatened the 
 country with war. He arrayed himself on the side of the great leader 
 of one tiiction of the Democratic party, and in the Presidential struggle 
 of 18()U he espoused the cause of this great leader with all the zeal of 
 his strong personality, and in his own State aimed heavy blows at the 
 Republican party and the Southern wing of his own. 
 
 That struggle ended in the election of President Lincoln, which was 
 soon followed liy the opening of a straggle of a very different nature. 
 This contlict of arms, though long predicted by many, at last came sud- 
 denly upon the country without preparation. It has been said that 
 "once to every man and nation comes the moment to decide in the 
 strife of truth with falsehood tor the good or evil side." Tiiis supreme 
 moment came then not only to the country, but to the citizen, what- 
 ever his station. General Logan did not hesitate, but at once, with 
 his great leader, arrayed himself on the side of his conutrv. So de- 
 ciding he immediately resigned his seat in Congress, surrendering for 
 the time his political ambition, returned to his native State, and with 
 all the energy and impetuosity of his nature proclaimed his purpose to 
 enter the military service and remain in it until the Union was restored. 
 This among his constituents was a courageous resolve, as from their 
 location and political education they were not easily persuaded to risk 
 
22 
 
 all, as he proposed, to save the Unioa. Such was the force of his char- 
 acter and the persuasiveness of his arguments that in a very few days 
 he found himself at the head of a regiment largely composed of his po- 
 litical associates and friends. 
 
 Here began that conspicuous military record which four years later 
 by common consent placed him foremost among the many eminent 
 civilian commanders of that great conflict. 
 
 I shall leave others to speak in detail of his military career, but can 
 not refrain from saying that through it all he had the confidence of his 
 military superiors as one fitted to command a great army in battle. 
 Sherman assigned him to the supreme command on the battlefield of 
 Atlanta after McPherson was slain; he justified that confidence by 
 leading the army to victory. Later on Grant did not hesitate to select 
 him as the man most likely to achieve a victory at Nashville, when he 
 was growing restless at the delay of General Thomas. Here as every- 
 where he showed the magnanimity andgenerosity of the true soldier by 
 not wresting the command from Thomas on the threshold of a great 
 victory. 
 
 He not only held throughout the war the undiminished confidence 
 of the great chieftains I have named, but his great qualities as a soldier- 
 also secured for him the respect, esteem, and confidence of those serving 
 under him, which he held firmly and unreservedly to the end ; and the 
 soldiers who served with him, now grieve because of the loss of a com- 
 rade, companion, and friend, and they will repeat to their dying day 
 around their camp fires recounting the stories of the war, "1 fought 
 with Logan at Atlanta," or ''at Jonesborough,"or "at Vicksl»urg." 
 
 General Logan reappeared in this Capitol as a Kepresentative in 
 March, 1867, and from that time until his death, except for a period 
 of two years, he was continuously a member either of the House or of 
 the Senate. 
 
 His ability as a popular orator and his great military reputation 
 gave him prominence at once in the House of Representatives. He 
 fully sustained himself in that great popnlar body by the earnestness 
 of his convictions, by his skill as a deliater, and by his knowledge of 
 public affairs. He soon became one of the recognized leaders in the 
 considerati(;n and discussion of the great questions before the House. 
 At that time, and by the vote of his associates in that body, be was 
 chosen to appear here as one of the managers inbehalf of the House to 
 conduct the trial of the impeachment of President Johnson. 
 
 The questions then prominent were questions growing out of the war, 
 covering the entire range and scope of the powers of the General Gov- 
 ernment, the reorganization of the Army, themanagement of the pub- 
 lic debt, the reduction of taxes, changes in our tariff and internal-reve- 
 nue systems, the currency, specie payments, the new amendments to the 
 Constitution, and the restoration of the States deprived of representa- 
 tion because of the rebellion. All these questions and many others 
 were in a brief space of time forced upon Congress for its consideration. 
 General Logan had decided views upon them all, and expressed his 
 views fearlessly and with great force and power. 
 
 General Logan was transferred to this Chamber in 1871. He was 
 then in the full vigor of his matured faculties, and brought with him 
 the valuable experience of a long service in the House, and at once 
 took high rank in the Senate, which he maintained undiminished to 
 the end, always taking an active part in the discussion of the great 
 questions constantly appearing here for action. His sympathy with 
 
23V 
 
 his old comrades and their devotion to his personal fortunes imposed 
 upon him unusual lal)or in carinji lor tlieir interests and welfare. 
 
 He was assiduous and constant in the advocacy of all the measures 
 which he and they deemed of especial interest to them, whether re- 
 specting pensions, bouuty, l»ack pay, (jr the reorganization of the Army 
 itself, and he beciime their conspicuous advocate and Iriend. So that 
 for all the years tbllowing the war whatever legislation there is upon 
 our statute-books upon these topic^s bears the impress of his advocacy. 
 
 He was a man of tireless activity and industry in the Senate. The 
 Fitz-John Porter c^ise is a conspicuous example of these characteristics. 
 He found time in the midst of the multiplied c^ircs of a seat in this body 
 to write an exhaustive history of the causes which led to the conflict 
 in which he bore so prominent a part. 
 
 This brief retrospect discloses that the life of General Logan was one 
 ■of ceaseless activity and exceptional usefulness to his country. 
 
 Few men of this generation in our country have achieved a more il- 
 lustrious career. 
 
 Coming into active political life at the beginning of the great civil 
 war,' he has linked his name imperishably with the military achieve- 
 ments that resulted in the restoration of the Union. Coming into the 
 councils of the nation soon after the close of hostilities, he bore an hon- 
 orable part in the legislation which then seemed necessary for the per- 
 petuation of the Union. 
 
 General Logan was not, in the common acceptance of that phrase, an 
 eloquent man: yet he had extraordinary power as a popular orator. 
 There was something inherent in his character and method and in his 
 utterances intensely attractive to large assemblies. Few men in our 
 country could attract larger audiences, or hold them nine firmly, or 
 direct them more certainly to the views he expressed. This character- 
 istic was well illustrated in the campaign of 1884, when great multi- 
 tudes gathered to hear him, and listened with intense interest to every 
 utterance, and were persuaded by his arguments and eloquence. 
 
 Mr. President, this body in its organization is perpetual, and unless 
 the Constitution shall be changed will endure as long as the Govern- 
 ment remains. It is now the same body it was when organized in 
 1789. Its members have the longest fixed term known to the Consti- 
 tution except the tenure of the judges of our courts; yet its member- 
 ship rapidly changes. When we met in December only six Senators 
 appeared in their seats who were in this Chamber fourteen years ago, 
 when I entered it. One of these was General Logan; and of *ill the 
 men who have come and gone in these intervening years, none were 
 more conspicuous and none will be more missed by the country and 
 by those of us who still remain. 
 
 My service with him began in the other House, in t8f)7, and since 
 that time we have beenassociated toiiether con tiuuDUsly upon important 
 committees. So I had opiwrtunity to know him wi-ll. Like most of 
 us, he was not free from faults and peculiarities of disposition; his na- 
 ture was sensitive: he was i|uick to resent an injury, and as (|uick to 
 forgive it. He never knowingly did an injustice to his associates, and 
 if iie found that he had done so unconsciously, he was swift and ready 
 to make reparation. He was conscientious in tlie discharge of his pub- 
 lic duties. 
 
 In his death the nation has lost one of its ablest counselors, his com- 
 rades in the army one of their most ardent and devoted supporters, we 
 in this Chamber a valued co-worker and friend. 
 
24: 
 
 The arduous labors, the conflicts and struggles incident to high pub- 
 lic station with hiui are ended. Those who survive him here will strug- 
 gle on for a few brief years at most, and will then like him be gathered 
 to the world beyond, to receive tlie reward which awaits those who per- 
 form faithfully and well all their duties here. 
 
 Mr. HAWLEY. Mr. President, a stranger seeing General Logan for 
 the first time and observing him in these Halls a few days ago would 
 perhaps have said that the most prominent feature of his character was 
 Ms combativeness. He snufled the battle afar off; he never lagged in 
 the rear of the column; he crowded to the front; he never shirked the 
 combat; he went out to look for it. 
 
 He wa.s quick and strong in his hates and his dislikes. He scorned 
 double-dealing and meanness, but I do not think that he hated any- 
 body. 
 
 We have seen him in committee and here in this Hall, impetuous, 
 trampling down all obstacles to his cause, and perhaps trampling upon 
 the feelings of his associates. We have seen him then, upon a protest, 
 drop the point of his sword instantly, become gentle, quiet, concilia- 
 tory, and evidently full ox regret that he had even a^ipeared to be un- 
 just to any one. 
 
 He had a matchless courage, as everybody knows, a courage not only 
 upon the battlefield but a high courage and spirit of self-sacrifice in 
 politics. He had a right to suppose from all that was said to him by 
 great multitudes, that he was a fair and honorable candidate for the 
 Presidency, yet he cheerfully accepted a subordinate position upon a 
 Presidential ticket in 1884 in the belief, in which he was strengthened 
 by friends, that his influence and his acquaintance with tens of tliou- 
 sands of soldiers would bring something of strength to his political 
 party. 
 
 We remember very well the famous Fitz-John Porter controversy. 
 He was well aware in what he was doing there, that he was strength- 
 ening old animosities and creating new ones; but you know with what 
 a splendid courage he carried himself through, with what power, with 
 what indefatigable industry he accumulated his lacts and arguments, 
 and renewed the battle again and again. 
 
 I remember with interest that during the controversy over the iamous 
 anti-Chinese bill he was absent. He returned after a time, and while 
 he was under no obligation to say anything, he was opposed to the bill, 
 and lest he might be even thought to shirk — no, not that, but because 
 he desired to be sure in whatever was being done — he took an early occa- 
 sion to rise here and manifest his vigorous and determined opposition 
 to that measure. He knew well what chances he took then of losing 
 political support. 
 
 Not a great while ago there arose here a very painful controversy 
 concerning the Senatorial representative from one of our great States. 
 He took his ground firmly; he argued it with all his accustomed vigor 
 and energy. He recognized well that he was creating ay;ain enemies 
 and opponents — yes, more than opponents, bitter enemies — in a great 
 State that would be essential to the support of his ambition. 
 
 I remember that General Logan was several times much annoyed 
 by a charge that about the time of the V)reaking out of hostilities, pre- 
 vious to it, he had been concerned in raising troops for the confederate 
 service. It was a charge that had not a shadow of truth in it. He 
 was a Democrat, of course, before the war, and, as he was in everything 
 
25 
 
 else, intensely a Democrat, fierce, combative, bitter sometimes; but as 
 the contest drew near the fire of liis patriotism blazed up and con- 
 sumed like flax all obstacles in his way, and he became, as you have 
 learned from some declarations of his made at the time, nothing but a 
 defender of the Union. And not only ;i,s a soldier, for he carried with 
 him politically the people of Southern Illinois, many of wiiom in their 
 political prejudices and convictions were as completely Southerners as 
 the people of Alabama. He swept them along with him by the power 
 and fierce energy of his oratory. 
 
 He went into the war. Alter Vicksburg General Grant said that 
 McPherson and Logan liad demonstrated their fitness to become the com- 
 manders of independent armies. Hehadarighttosuppo.se, after the 
 gallant IMcPhersou had fallen, under the very feet of an advancing and 
 temporarily triumphant confederate force, he had a fair right to suppose 
 that he would succeed to that officer's command. He was second in 
 rank. The soldiers desired it. They had seen his great leadership on 
 that battlefield as on many others. Another took the place, an hon- 
 orable and gallant soldier. 
 
 The manly generosity and high courtesy of his bearing when be was 
 ordered to relieve the noble General Thomas have been described to- 
 day. I do not contrast General Logan's action on that occasion with 
 the conduct of certain others in similar situations, though there were 
 examples of wonderful contrast; but he was as obedient as a child, 
 faithful as ever. His complaints were probably uttered, for he could 
 not disguise himself, but they are not upon record. 
 
 He labored under the reproach that he was something of a political 
 soldier in those days, but he did not then disclose the fact that he had 
 received a suggestion he could not disregard, that he should go to Illi- 
 nois, another battlefield as important as the battlefield of Atlanta. 
 
 He came to be the eminent figure among the volunteer soldiers. It 
 is so recorded ; it will be so remembered in history. There is no sol- 
 dier of the old Army, the most captious or the most jealous, who re- 
 grets or carps at any of the great honors paid to Logan ; for whatever is 
 said of Logan as the chief of volunteers is claimed to be the common 
 glory of them all. 
 
 I heard "lleueral Grant say once of him in private conver.sation that 
 he was uneasy in camp but all right when he charged. He sulked in 
 his tent, but it was because it was a tent. When the bugle called him 
 to the saddle he was exultant, liappy. 
 
 He was classed as a political general. I do not know that it was al- 
 together an unfriendly remark. He was, sir; he had the honor to be a 
 political general. It was a political war, and he was as strong in one 
 field of battle as theother; the political generals did double duty. The 
 anxiety during .some of the great days of those four years was not that 
 the soldiers of the Union would be unable to put down the rebellion in 
 due time, but that the voters at the ballot-box might put down the war 
 too early; and some of the jiolitical combats won by Logan and others 
 at home were as useful to the cause of the Union as the triumphs of 
 Vicksburg and Gettysburg. Baker, matchless as an orator, chivalrous 
 and lovely in battle, was a political general. Garfield, giving promise 
 of great generalship by an unconquerable industry and energy and a 
 brilliant courage in the face of the enemy's guns — Garfield, obeying 
 •what was almost a command, went from the army to Congres.s. Frank 
 Blair, with the trumpet tones of his voice and the quiver of his up- 
 
26 
 
 lifted, finger, was worth a corps of soldiers in his influence over Mis- 
 souri, and he was a political general. 
 
 Scandal spared General Logan from its insinuations of dishonor in 
 private or public life. Perhaps calumnious mud was thrown at him, 
 but nothing of it is recorded or even retained in the memories of men. 
 
 He loved his country. Why, sir, that is true of sixty millions of 
 people, I hope; but he loved it with a devotion immeasurable and un- 
 fathomable. He believed in the justice, the equality, and the liberty 
 of its Constitution and its laws. He had no doubt whatever of the 
 wisdom of this great experiment, universal sufl'rage and all. He was 
 no agnostic; he had a creed and a purpose always, in every contest. 
 He did not assume all knowledge; but what he knew, he knew he 
 knew; and what he believed he was always ready to say. Whatever 
 he wanted, he greatly wanted; he was very much in earnest. He 
 trusted the great jury of twelve million voters and had no doubt about 
 the future prosperity, honor, and glory of the great Republic. 
 
 He was an ambitious man, politically; he had a right to be, and he 
 won a high place. He was ambitious of a great place among soldiers, 
 and he won it. 
 
 He was generous, he was frank, he was tender. Pcssibly that will 
 sound strangely to many people who did not know him as we did. He 
 had as tender a heart as entered these doors. He was one of the bravest 
 men physically and morally that ever lived. He was a brilliant and 
 great volunteer soldier. He was an incorruptible citizen and legis- 
 lator. His patriotism was unsurpassed in enthusiasm, intensity, and 
 faith. 
 
 Mr. SPOONER. Mr. President, the busy hand of death beckons us 
 again to the side of a new-made grave. Amid the tears and sobs of 
 this great people, to the music of muffled drums, and under the furled 
 flag which he loved, we tenderly bore John A. Logan to his rest. 
 
 It was to be expected that the words of tribute spoken in this Cham- 
 ber, still so filled %vith his presence, would come Iresh and strong from 
 warm hearts, for his wonderful career was of our own day and genera- 
 tion, and we were his colleagues and friends. 
 
 But, sir, no one need fear for Logan the cold analysis of th^ historian 
 yet to come. How little dependent is this man's fiime upon the speech 
 of his contemporaries. It rests upon the solid foundation of glorious 
 deeds and splendid public service. We may well say that he was born 
 for the service of the people, for the active years of his whole life, with 
 hardly an intermission, were spent in the discharge of public duty. 
 That life was an open book, read and known of all men, and biographi- 
 cal details of it are for my purpose, quite unnecessary. It is said that 
 ' ' history is the essence of innumerable biographies. " Logan's life is of 
 the essence of our history. 
 
 With him love of country was a passion, and with him the union of the 
 States was "the country." He could .see, save through the perpetuity 
 of that Union, nothing of any worth in the tuture of the Republic. 
 
 Of strong convictions and prejudices, a stern partisan, reared aluong 
 those whose predelictions and views of constitutional right were dis- 
 tinctively of the Southern school, the friend and trusted lieutenant' of 
 Douglas, it will stand forever to the credit of his clearness of mental 
 vision and of his independence of character, that when the war cloud 
 which had been so lontr gathering, broke in fury upon the country, he 
 straightway took his rightful place by the side of Abraham Lincoln, 
 
27 
 
 utuler the beautiful flae, which, at the threshold of his manhood, he 
 had lollowed upon the plaius of Mexico. 
 
 His star shotiuto the sky at Belmont, to shine fixed and unobscured 
 forever. 
 
 It would be idle for me to recount the battles which he fought and 
 won, the precipitous charges which he led, the marvelous personal 
 majiuetism and daring which, communicating itself to a whole army, 
 turned, as by the will power of one man, defeat into victory. It is 
 enough to say of him as a soldier that by common consent he stands 
 forth the ideal volunteer soldier of the war. He was, among a million 
 brave men, original, pictures(|Ue, and uuicjue. There was but one .John 
 A. Logan. Whata pitiful comliination ol folly and malignity was that 
 which thrust at such a one the charge of disloyalty! 
 
 The worhl loves, and easily remembers, the soldier. Tales of the 
 bivouac, the siege and the charge, of personal daring on the field of 
 battle, have had peculiar la-^^ciuation for men in every age, and doubt- 
 less Logan's chief renown will be as a soldier. He would have it so. 
 
 But, great as he was in war, he w.ts great also as an orator of the 
 people, and in the councils of iieace. 1 le won as an orator a reputation 
 ■which, if he had no other claim to be remembered, would keep his 
 name alive and would satisfy any reasonable ambition. His popularity 
 as a sjieaker was not ephemeral, nor was it peculiar to any section. He 
 was everywhere welcome. Listening thousands hung in rapt interest 
 upon his words. It is not at all difficult to account for his power as a 
 speaker. His evident sineeritj' and earnestness, his commanding pres- 
 ence, the flash of his eye, the like of which I never saw in any other 
 face, the boldness of his utterance, the impetuous flow of his speech, 
 and the trumpet tones of his voice, gave to him as a popular orator a 
 charm indescribable. No man could catch more quickly than he the 
 spirit of his audience, or more deftly adapt himself to its fancy. 
 
 The law of his life was action. He could not rest. It is said of him 
 that as a soldier he was chafing and unhappy unless the army was in 
 motion and the battle near at hand. This characteristic was quite as 
 marked in civil life. 
 
 He was a student and a worker, and as the years went on he grew 
 in mental strength and stature and in oratorical power. 
 
 As the nominee of his ]iarty for the second great office in the gift of 
 the people, he added greatly to his civic fame. The dignity of his bear- 
 ing, the method and manner of his thought and .speech, Avere everj'- 
 where a revelation to those who then heard him for the first time. 
 Other orators have been more finished, but, sir, it is not the language 
 of fulsome eulogy to say that, taking .lohn A. Logan all in all, he was 
 a great orator, and will be known as such. 
 
 He possessed, also, indisputable claims to high statesmanship. Look 
 through the statutes and the records of Congress, and you will find there 
 the strong impress of his character and individuality. Many acts of 
 great public conseiiueuce he devised and draughted. As a legislator, 
 he was broad-minded and fearless. Neither the love of comn\endation 
 nor the fear of criticism swerved him in the least from the path blazed 
 out by his convictions. He was ready in debate and a dangerous antag- 
 onist on the floor of the Senate. 
 
 One cannot fail to notice, looking through the record of his work in 
 the national Senate, everywhere the evidence of service rendered to 
 the soldier, and to the soldier's widow and orphan. Every thought 
 
28 
 
 that loving comradeship and appreciation of great service and sacrifice 
 could suggest for the soldier's good, you will lind at some time formu- 
 lated into statute by his faitlilul hand. He took it upon him as a 
 sacred trust that he should look always to the interest of those who 
 with him had stood in the shock of battle. Well may the surviving 
 soldiers of the Federal Army — now, alas, fast falling by the wayside — 
 as they gather around their camp-fires, weep bitter tears for the loss of 
 Logan. 
 
 Though a chieftain of his party, he was not narrow or sectional as a 
 legislator. He met more than half way those who had but lately been 
 his adversaries on the field of battle. No man more desired the restora- 
 tion of perfect harmony between the .sections and the upbuilding of the 
 waste places of the South or gave readier aid to that great consumma- 
 tion. He demanded only in return that every man and woman and 
 child, of whatever condition, class, or degree, should enjoy unobstructed 
 and in theluUest measure, every right given by the Constitution and 
 the laws. With less than this he thought it moral treason to be content. 
 
 Logan was a leader by divine right. All the elements combined to 
 make him such. Of resistless energy, iron will, knightly daring, lofty 
 moral courage, quick and acute intelligence, fervent patriotism, unself- 
 ish loyalty to principle and friendship, and unswerving honor, it is im- 
 possible to conceive of him as other than a great leader in any field of 
 human eflbrt. Scan his eventful life however critically, study the 
 forces which moved him, analyze the characteristics which marked him 
 from his fellows, and you find little indeed of accident or adventitious 
 aid in the achievements which will glorify his name. It is no marvel 
 that he was a great soldier, or that he was an orator of high repute, or 
 that he was conspicuous among the leading statesmen of his day, but 
 that he united in himself all of these is conclusive of his genius. 
 
 He was, with all his rugged strength of will and bravery and forti- 
 tude, a sensitive man, easily wounded by a personal or party friend. 
 In the retrospect we see now, with unavailing regret, how keenly he 
 may have sufiered in spirit from what gave us little thought or con- 
 cern. Quick to resent what seemed to him a wrong, he was, like all 
 great natures, as quick to forgive and forget. He was magnanimous. 
 No manly man Ibund it difficult to repair, without loss of self-respect, 
 a quarrel with John A. Logan. 
 
 He was, in many way.s, a proud man. He carried for a quarter of a> 
 century upon his body, wounds received in battle. He bore, without 
 complaint, racking pains, born of the privations of the .soldier's life, of 
 the pelting storm, the comfortless bed upon the frozen earth, the cold, 
 wearisome march, the sleepless nights and toilsome days. Standing in 
 his place on the Kith of March last, he said: 
 
 I could say^but I di.slike to mention myself — that I was entitled to a pension 
 early in the war, and have been ever since the war, but I have never asked for 
 it, and never expect to. 
 
 Mr. President, we now know that there were times in his later 
 3'ears when the days were dark, and when the stress of financial em- 
 barrassment pressed him hard, but he was too proud and delicate to 
 claim the pension whit'h was his due under the laws which he had 
 been so potential in fashioning and in enacting. I hope if the words I 
 am about to utter are a sin against the proprieties of this occasion that 
 I shall be forgiven; but 1 do not doubt that as he stood there, announc- 
 ing to the Senate and to the country his right to a pension, he had 
 
I'D 
 
 abiding faith that should he, in the providence of God, be first called, 
 the people whom he had served so lon<i and so well, would pay, not 
 grudf^in.nly, hut as in cheerful payment of a debt of honor, to the 
 womanly woman who in all the years of his growth had kept pace 
 with him, who had been his love, his pride, his companion, that which 
 was his due, but which he had tbrborne to claim. 
 
 That is notafull tributeto the memory of John A. Logan which takes 
 no thought other svhose life has been a part of his life and whose fame 
 is linked inseparably with his fame. What tenderer, sweeter tribute 
 can the American ix'ople P^iy to his numory, than to place above the 
 Ciilamitous vicissitudes of lil'c, the W(jman who was ever V)y his side, 
 not alone in the hour of triumph but in the hour of pain and suffer- 
 ing; not alone in this beautiful capital city, but in the rude hospital on 
 the banks of the distant Western river where he lay wounded nigh 
 unto death? 
 
 He died in the service of his country, and we know from him — for he 
 "being dead, yet speaketh " — that his strength and vigor were sapped 
 and miiuid by the privations and the wounds of war. 
 
 How ditBcult it is to think of him as dead ! 
 
 Can that man be dead 
 Whose spiritual influence is upon his kind? 
 He lives in glory; and Iiisspeakinj? dust 
 Has more of life than half its breathing moulds. 
 
 He will live, sir, in the hearts of men until the history of his time shall 
 have faded utterly away. W^ith each returning May, wherever there is 
 a soldier's grave — and where is there not a soldier's grave? — the people 
 now living and those to come after us will remember the name of Logan, 
 the patriot, soldier, orator, and statesman, and will bring, in honor of 
 his memory, the beautiful flowers of the springtime and the sweet in- 
 cense of praise and prayer. 
 
 Mr. COCKRELL. Mr. President, with profound sorrow and deep 
 grief I join in paying the last official tril)ute of respect, honor, friend- 
 ship, and love to the memory of our late distinguished colleagite, John 
 Alexander Logan. 
 
 For the tirst time, in March, 1875, I had the pleasure and honor of 
 his personal acquaintance in this Chamber. 
 
 For the succeeding two years, and then from March 4, 1879, to the 
 day of his death, I was a member of the Connnittee on Military Affairs, 
 of which he was the honored chairman. Our official and personal re- 
 lations at once became, and uninterruptedly continued, most intimate, 
 cordial, and friendly. However widely we may have differed upon 
 many questions, 1 respected, admired, honored, and loved liim lor his 
 many noble, manly, generous, magnanimous, and chivalrous qualities 
 of head and heart — the distinguishing attributes of the true soldier and 
 great man among all nations and tongues. 
 
 It was my sad privilege on December 26, 1886, at 2.55 p. m., to stand 
 at the foot of his bed, and, powerless for relief, to see him quietly, 
 peacefully, and unconsciously breathe the last breath of his life on 
 earth. 
 
 His deathless soul, freed from its earthly body, racked, tortured, and 
 paralyzed by disease and pain, triumphantly passed through the mys- 
 tic vail intervening between the grievous afflictions and bereavements 
 of earth and the fullness of joy in the presence and the everlasting 
 pleasures at the right hand of our Heavenly Father, and entered upon 
 
30 
 
 its glorious unending life upon the beautiful shor&s of the "bright for- 
 ever," lar, lar beyond the touch of disease, suffering, or death. 
 
 Now beyond the reach of fulsome praise or eloquent panegyric, we 
 can calmly consider his life, and profit therefrom. 
 
 About the year 1823 Dr. John Logan emigrated from Ireland and 
 located in Jackson County, Illinois, and there married Miss Elizabeth 
 Jenkins. Of this union John Alexander Logan was the first born, 
 February 9, 1826, and inherited a robust physical constitution and vig- 
 orous mind, the richest inheritance bequeathed by parents to children. 
 
 In that section of the then West educational advantages were very 
 limited, and young Logan was taught at home, and attended the com- 
 mon schools of the neighborhood as opportunity offered, and a neigh- 
 boring academy; and by industry, perseverance, and self-reliance ob- 
 tained a fair education. 
 
 We see him a young man about twenty years old in his native county, 
 without wealth, tamily distinction, or influential friends to aid him, 
 having only the future and its possibilities before him to inspire and 
 nerve him for the battles of life, the architect of his own fortune, tree 
 to plan and execute as he would and could. With honesty, determina- 
 tion, and self-reliance he boldly moved forward, conscious that "life 
 gives nothing to mortals without great labor. " He enlisted as a private 
 soldier in the First Illinois Regiment for service in the war with 
 Mexico, and became a lieutenant, acting adjutant, and quartermaster, 
 faithfully discharging his duties. 
 
 Upon the conclusion of peace he returned home with a broader view 
 of lite and laudably increased ambition, and began the study of law in 
 the ofiice of his uncle— Hon. A. M. Jenkins— and in 1849 was elected 
 clerk of the county court of his native county; served as such about one 
 year, then resigned and attended the law school of Louisville Univer- 
 sity, and graduated therefrom in 1851. 
 
 Returning home, he entered upon the practice of law with his uncle, 
 and was elected to the Legislature of Illinois in 1852-'53-'56 and '57, 
 and to the office of prosecuting attorney for the third judicial district 
 in 1853. 
 
 In 1855 he was married to Miss Mary Cunningham, a most happy and 
 fortunate union. In 1856 he was Presidential elector, and cast his vote 
 for Buchanan and Breckinridge. In 1858 he was elected a Kepresentative 
 in the Thirty-sixth Congress, and in 1860 was re-elected to the Thirty- 
 seventh Congress, and served his term in the Thirty-sixth Congress 
 iTom March 4, 1859, to March 3, 1861, and entered upon his term in 
 the Thirty-seventh Congress, and attended the called session in 1861. 
 While attending that session he shouldered his musket as a private sol- 
 dier in the Second Michigan Volunteers, and marched to and partici- 
 pated in the battle of Bull Run. He then resigned his seat in the 
 Thirty-seventh Congress, entered the Union Army, raised and was 
 appointed colonel of the Thirty-first Regiment Illinois Infi\ntry August 
 16, 1861, marched to the front in the field, and there continued. 
 
 He was promoted to be brigadier-general in March, 1862, and then 
 major-general, and commanded succesively a regiment, brigade, divis- 
 ion, an army corps, and the Army of the Tennessee. On August 17, 
 1865, after full four years' service, he resigned his commission as major- 
 general, and was honorably mustered out. He was then appointed by- 
 President Johnson minister to Mexico, and resigned. 
 
 Returning to the walks of civil life he resumed the practice of law 
 in his native Illinois. In 1866 he was elected a Representative at 
 
31 
 
 large from Illinois to the Fortieth Congre,ss. and re-elected to the Forty- 
 first Congress, serving from March 4, 18G7, to March :{, 1871, and was 
 elected to the Senate ol'tlie United States for tiic term hcginning March 
 4, 1871; and was again elected to the Senate for the term beginning 
 March 4, 1879, and re-elected for the succeeding term from March 4, 
 1885, to March 3, 1891. 
 
 In 1884 he was the nominee of the National Republican party for 
 Vice-President. 
 
 This bird's-eye view of his life-record and services isjustsufliciently 
 distinct and full to enable us to form correct impressions of this great 
 man — our lamented colleague in this Chamber. In all these varied 
 positions of trust and honor he was, and proved himself to be, honest, 
 determined, self-reliant, faithful, and efficient, and the worthy recipient 
 of the friendship and confidence of the people. 
 
 For the length of time devoted to his profession he was a good law- 
 yer. 
 
 Among all the many great and distinguished volunteer officers dur- 
 ing the late war it is no disparagement of any of them to say that 
 General Logan was the greatest and most distinguished. Courageous, 
 fearless, energetic, untiring, generous, and dasiiiiig, he was the beau- 
 ideal of the American volunteer soldiery. For four long, weary years, 
 during the greatest military conflict the world has ever beheld. Gen- 
 eral Logan, as a private soldier, a commander of a regiment, tlien of a 
 brigade, then of a division, then of an army corps, and then of an army, 
 met and satisfied the highest expectations and demands of the admin- 
 istration, the country, and the people. No man could do more. As a 
 Eepresentative and Senator in the Congress of the United States he was 
 incorruptible, faithful, diligent, and laborious, and was earnest in his 
 convictions and forcible and aggressive in their advocacy'. 
 
 His repeated re-elections to both the Hou.se and Senate by the same 
 con.stituency attested their continued friendship and confidence, and 
 their approbation of his character and services. In his personal inter- 
 course he was manly, generous, candid, and sincere. 
 
 As a husband and father he was devoted, foithful, tender, loving, 
 and warmly appreciative of tlie boundless love and undying devotion 
 of his noble wife and dutiful children. Asa member of the Methodist 
 Episcopal Church he was '"not ashamed of the gospel of Christ; for 
 it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth. " 
 
 The name, the fame, the life, and the illustrious and successful 
 achievements of General Logan are now the common heritage of our 
 great country and people, and will be cherished and remembered by the 
 present and coming generations. 
 
 Many poor, worthy, and honorably ambitions young men, just en- 
 tering the arena of active life, faint, weary, and despondent, will re- 
 member the great disadvantages surrounding General Logan when at 
 their age, and then his subsequent illustrious and successful life, at- 
 tained by his honesty, penseverance, and .self-reliance, and made possi- 
 ble to all by our unequaled systems of government — the best ever yet 
 devised by the wisdom of sages or attained by the blood of heroes — and 
 ■wUl take fresh courage and worthily imitate the illustrious pattern, 
 and make themselves a blessing and honor to country and people. 
 
 The life and achievements of Logan, cast upon the bosom of the pub- 
 lic life in the United States, have started waves of influence and power 
 for good which will widen and extend until they break against the 
 Bhores of eternity in the resurrection morning. 
 
32 
 
 Mr. FRYE. Mr. President, Senators have brought to-day, and will 
 'bring, garlands and wreaths with which to decorate the grave of our 
 dead soldier and Senator. I shall content myself with oiferiug a single 
 flower. 
 
 Logan was an honest man. I do not mean by that simply that he 
 would not steal, that he would not bear fiilse witness, that he had not 
 an itching palm for a bribe. If this were all, he would not be unlike 
 every man I have been associated with in both Houses of Congress 
 during a sixteen years' service, nor essentially diti'erent. in my opin- 
 ion, from a large majority of his fellow-citizens. 
 
 Sir, the press very generally and occiisionallj^ an eulogist to-day, in 
 assigning to General Logan this admirable quality of character, have 
 contracted and dwarfed it, have seemed to make money its measure, 
 by producing as evidence in its support the fact that he had served 
 long in public life and died poor. The Senator from Mis.souri has ju.st 
 said that he was poor, that he was incorruptible. I trust, sir, that 
 the same honesty and incorruptibility may truthfully be ascribed to 
 every Senator within the sound of my voice, to every member of the 
 two Houses. Is there any necessary connection Vietween honesty and 
 poverty? Is the one the logical .sequence of the other? Are dishon- 
 esty and wealth in copartnership ? I have been taught to believe, and 
 do believe, that houesty is the broadest, safest, and surest pathway to 
 prosperity. 
 
 I do not regard it as eulogistic of this great man to say that he was 
 honest in that narrow sense. I do not cripple my declaration by any 
 such limitation, nor sustain it by any such questionable testimony. I 
 mean that General Logan had an honest mind, an honest purpo.se, an 
 honest habit of thinking. I mean that he never played tricks with his 
 mental machinery to serve his own ends and his own purposes. I mean 
 that he never attempted jugglery with it. I mean that he permitted 
 it, in .spite of his ambitions, liis prejudices, his jealousies, and his pas- 
 sions, to move straight forward in its operations; and that the legiti- 
 mate results were convictions — convictions loUowed always by earnest, 
 determined, intense action. In my opinion that largely constituted 
 General Logan's strength in the Senate, in the Army, and with the 
 people. 
 
 Let me illustrate by a few brief incidents of his life. He was living 
 in Southern Illinois, where there was little if any anti-slavery senti- 
 ment, at a time when slavery was never more firmly established by 
 enactment of law and judicial decision, at the time when it was arro- 
 gant and aggressive in its demands. Yet Logan stemmed the current, 
 disregarded his own apparent self-interest, and resisted the demands. 
 He was a.s.sociated with a party whose shibboleth was State rights, 
 whose overshadowing fear was centralization of power in the Nationat 
 Government; and when that doctrine culminated in secession he 
 dropped it at once forever and tendered his sword so to the threatened 
 and imperiled Keijublic. 
 
 War came on. He believed that war was a serious fact ; that it was 
 to be waged for the suppression of rebellion and the restoration of the 
 Union. Hence in every council of war his voice was always for battle, 
 and in every battle he was ever at the front. 
 
 Some of the prominent officei-s were for temporizing, were studying 
 political enigmas, were nursing Presidential aspirations, were casting 
 obstacles in the way of supposed rivals. Logan never swerved to the 
 
33 
 
 right nor to tlie left, Imt pressed ever straight forward to the goal of 
 ultimate victory. 
 
 When in the midst of the war preferment w;i.s offered him, aye, 
 more, urged upon him by his friends, he did not hesitate a moment, 
 hut with emplvasis dechu'ed to them that he had enlisted for the war, 
 and that, God helping him, he would fight it out on that line to the 
 end. When he was superseded, as be believed unjustly, as has been well 
 said to-day, he did not sulk in his tent a single hour, but marched 
 straight forward in the line of duty. 
 
 When the war was over, the Union was restxjred and peace was en- 
 throned, and a grateful people showered upon him pulilic honors he 
 exhibited everywhere the same chai-acteristics. Take the case which 
 has been alluded to here to-day of General Porter. Logan believed, 
 whether justly or unjustly is not for me now to say, that this man was 
 jealous of his superiors, that criticisms and complaints subversive of 
 discipline were made by him, that he neglected plain and open duty, 
 that he refused to obey peremptory orders, and that his punishment 
 was just. In this Chamber we listened to his matchless, marvelous, 
 powerful, convincing speech against his restoration; and when his great 
 captain, with a voice infinitely more powerful with this soldier hero 
 than the glittering bribes of gold or of fame, called him to a halt he did 
 not hesitate a moment, but with renewed vigor, with redoubled power, 
 urged his convictions upon the Senate. 
 
 We all remember perfectly well that Logan knew his comrades 
 saved the Republic, and in season and, as many thought, out of season 
 he was ready to propose and to advocate any measure for their relief 
 that commended itself to his judgment, not taking for a moment into 
 account any public sentiment that might be hostile. 
 
 When his great commander was fora third time urged by his friends 
 for the candidacy by the Kepublican party tor the office of President, 
 and it was apparent to all thinking men that it was to be a struggle 
 fierce, full of intense bitterness, Logan went to the front in that fight 
 utterly regardless of any effect that it might have upon his own politi- 
 cal fortunes. 
 
 I have seen within a few days ago an item floating in the press that 
 in that ever to be remembered convention, when it was apparent that 
 Mr. Blaine could not be nominated. Senators Hale and Fkye visited 
 General Logan and tendered to him the support of their friends for the 
 nomination if he would accept the candidacy. Of course it was a 
 myth. Senators Hai.e and Fkye both knew .John A. Logan, and had 
 known him for years, and even if they had been vested with the au- 
 thority, which tlie^' were not, they never would have dreamed of un- 
 dertaking to bribe him from his allegiance. Tbey knew that no grati- 
 fication of i)ersona! ambition (and it is the greatest temptation to a 
 man on earth) would move him from his allegiance to Grant in that 
 fight any more than a summer breeze would stir a mountain from its 
 base. 
 
 Sir, when subsequently Logan himself justly bad aspirations for the 
 same nomination 1 sat here in this seat by the side of that which now 
 is empty a curious observer, and I dare assert that I never saw him 
 trim his sail in the slightest. I never could perceive that the fact made 
 any change in his thought or word or vote. 
 
 About that time the Kepublican national committee met here in 
 hOiJAH — ^3 
 
34 
 
 "Washington to determine upon the time of holding the convention and 
 to settle vipon the basis oi representation. Logan was present. A 
 delegate from one of the Territorie.s raised the question about Terri- 
 torial representation, and insisted that his Territory must have three 
 •delegates in that convention, and that it was the duty of that commit- 
 tee to increase the representation of the Territories generally. As he 
 was closing his speech he turned to Logan and significantly said, ' ' Can- 
 didates for the Presidency had better take notice." Logan sprang to 
 his feet in the twinkling of an eye and boldly denounced the whole 
 system of Territorial representation in national conventions as unjusti- 
 fiable, utterly oblivious of the fact that perhaps he was hazarding that 
 auarvelous prize for which he was then contending. 
 
 Mr. President, there is not a Senator within the sound of my voice, 
 and there are Senators here who have served in the councils of the nation 
 many years with John A. Logan, who ever knew him to hesitate or 
 waver "in or shrink from any expression of opinion as to any subject 
 -under consideration, who ever knew him to avoid a vote, who ever sus- 
 pected him of taking any account whatsoever of what eliect his words 
 or his acts would have upon his own personal or political fortunes. 
 There is not a Senator within the sound of my voice who, when Logan 
 had expressed his opinions, the result of his convictions, ever dreamed 
 that he was not entirely, faultlessly sincere in the expression. 
 
 Mr. President, Logan was a fearlessly honest man. May our dear 
 Lord give him a blessed rest and a glorious immortality. [Manifesta- 
 tions of applause in the galleries. ] 
 
 Mr. PLUMB. Mr. President, it is one of the chief excellencies of 
 our institutions that no man, however exalted in station, great in in- 
 tellect, or rich in graces of character, is indispensable to their security, 
 growth, and permanence. Where rank comes by inheritance, and the 
 essence as well as the symbols of authority is transmitted from gen- 
 •eration to generation, a single life often stands as the only barrier 
 against threatened revolution or anarchy. 
 
 How different here ! Great characters, in whom center the affections 
 •of the people and the forces of the state, pass from the current speech 
 of men into the repose of history, while the state itself, dominated by 
 the popular will and secure in the popular affection, gives no pause to 
 its beneficent progress nor relaxes the least of its necessary functions. 
 
 Garfield — himself destined to succeed to the station as well as the 
 ■martyrdom of Lincoln — upon the assassination of his immortal prede- 
 cessor, gave utterance to a sentiment as significant as it was eloquent: 
 "The President is dead; but, thank God, the Government at Washing- 
 ton still lives." 
 
 This consideration by no means implies inadequate appreciation of 
 the illustrious men who have gone from among us. It is rather an 
 added tribute to them that the Government had received no detriment 
 at their hands, but had been so strengthened by their patriotic solici- 
 tude, shared by the great average of their fellow-citizens, that it was 
 anade capable of passing unharmed through the severest crises. 
 
 We do not honor Lincoln less because when his unrivaled authority 
 was paralyzed by death the good ship of .state under other control and 
 guided by Providence passed safely through the perils of the time into 
 the serene anchorage of restored peace and prosperity. (>rant, thegreat- 
 ■est hero in our military annals, breathed out hLs life amid the mount- 
 
36 
 
 ain pines, and the orderly progress of the great affairs of state, over 
 which he had so faitlituUy presided, was only temporarily suspended, 
 by the universality of public and private sorrow. 
 
 Loj^an h;us gone from among us to return no more. Another sits icj 
 his place. The burden and responsibilities which he bore so well and 
 discharged with so much acceptance have fallen upon other shoulders. 
 The Senate, permanent in its organization, and renewed from time to 
 time, continues its round of duties, sustained against shock and dis- 
 aster. 
 
 Yet Logan will not be forgotten. No individual, no a.ssociation of 
 men is proof against the salutary teachings of example. Others among 
 us may have excelled our dead friend in many of the qualities which 
 are combined in true statesmanship, but who will deny to hira those 
 rare gifts and virtues which make their possessor conspicuous any- 
 where ? 
 
 His zeal was restless, his energy intense, his industry tireless, hi* 
 intellect clear and incisive, his courage unshaken in any and every cir- 
 cumstance, his loyalty to truth and duty undoubted, and his fidelity 
 to friendships, in these days of self-seeking, almost phenomenal. Al- 
 ways impetuous, sometimes impatient in controversy, his nature was 
 ardent without rancor, and in private and social life he was sunny 
 and persuasive. 
 
 General Logan's speech was vigorous and forceful. He subordinated 
 the graces of rhetoric to the logical results sought to be compassed. 
 The pith and marrow of his discourse was seldom embellished by fanci- 
 ful allusions or poetic imagery. His weapons of debate comported with 
 his rugged, practical nature, and challenged the judgment rather than 
 the fancy and the imagination. Beyond all and above all his candor 
 and sincerity were so evident that no one ventured to question them. 
 
 He was a zealous friend and a sturdy opponent. His blows were de- 
 livered in honorable fashion, and those he received in like manly con- 
 troversy were accepted in a chivalrous .spirit. 
 
 It was the crowning felicity of his association with us that, as the 
 most conspicuous of our volunteer soldiery during the war of the re- 
 bellfon, he became the special champion of the interests of not only his 
 immediate comrades in the field, but of all who had helped to bear the 
 flag of the Union through trials and discouragements to final victory. 
 With what fidelity and energy this sacred trust was discharged the 
 Senate and the country alike bear witness. 
 
 It is given to but few to so happily unite in their own experience 
 heroic martial achievements with eminent civic successes. Yet he bore 
 his accumulated honors mildly, and delighted more in the calm content 
 of .his home and fireside than in the loud acclaim of men. It will be 
 one of the most grateful remembrances of him who has gone that what 
 he became he owed to his own exertions. No man of his time more 
 strikingly illustrated the beneficence of a Government which, looking 
 for its support and maintenance to people of all coudition,s, pursuits, 
 and beliefs, offers its honors and its trusts to the competition of all. 
 
 Logan fought his own way, won his own victories, made his own. 
 fame secure. 
 
 Scrutinizing the list of those who, emerging from comparative ob- 
 scurity, have contributed the noblest service to the Republic and made 
 themselves a record for immort^xlity, the name of Logan will be found 
 written not far below those of Lincoln and of Grant. 
 
36 
 
 Mr. EVARTS. We are collected here to-day, Mr. President, neither 
 to bury nor to praise the soldier and Senator whose life in its full lus- 
 ter and at its zenith w;is so lateiy eclipsed before our eyes by the im- 
 penetrable veil of death. Not to bury him, for his obsequies have been 
 celebrated with all the observauce that admiration of his career, apphiuse 
 for his conduct, reverence for his love and labors for his country, and 
 affection for those humble, common traits that alfect as with a touch 
 of kiu all who love the character in the home which this our friend man- 
 ifested in all his life. Not to praise him, for we do not need to display, 
 and we have no power to enhance, his fiame. 
 
 It is that we and the communities that we may speak for are to asso- 
 ciate ourselves and them in this hour to recall our enforcement of his 
 relation to the public life of this country, the benefits that he has con- 
 ferred, and the power he is yet to exert over them in the future. 
 
 It can not, I believe, be doubted that at every stage of General Logan's 
 life he was a capital figure in his own share of public power and influ- 
 ence and in the recognized estimate ol" his countrymen of that po.si- 
 tion. 
 
 If in the first few months of the opening struggle, after he had taken 
 his position in animating, arousing, confirming the movement of this 
 people to sustain the Government, if in the first battle bullets had taken 
 away his life, Logan would have been a capital figure in the memory of 
 that great scene and on that great theater. If in his military career, 
 commemorated and insisted upon so well, at any pause in his advance 
 he had fallen in this battle or that battle, he would have been a capital 
 figure in that scene and on that theater. And if at the end of the war, 
 ■when the roll was made up of the heroes, and he then had not moved 
 before this great people in any subsequent career, the angel of death 
 had then taken away his life, he would have been a capital figure in 
 the wliole honor of that war. 
 
 And, Mr. President, in the great civic labors and dangers that at- 
 tended the rearrangement of our political and social condition in this 
 country couseijuent upon the war, if that share and if that part of his 
 career had been the only one to be commemorated, he would have been 
 a capital figure in that. But when these strifes were composed and the 
 country was knit together in allegiance and loyalty to the Government 
 he loved and served, he thenceforward in this Chamber had presented 
 for the record of his life only what should have been manifested and 
 known and observed here, he would have been a capital figure in that 
 single scene and theater. 
 
 We therefore must agree in what in his lifetime and so recently now 
 after his death meets a universal concurrence, that he was of the citi- 
 zen soldiers of this great nation the greatest, and that of that class- of 
 citizen soldiers that were numbered among statesmen he was the great- 
 est of statesmen, and we must confess that on this larger area he still 
 remains a capital figure which could be missed from no narrative of any 
 portion of the story of his life. 
 
 Mr. President, it has been said by a profound political philosopher 
 applied to a condition of political life not far different from our own, 
 that by whatever path great places are to be gained in public life in the 
 opinion and support of the community, that path will be sought- If 
 it is an honorable path, if it be of uprightness and openness andstraight- 
 forwardness of conduct and of character that these high places are to 
 be gained, then that path will be trod. .Ind what better encomium 
 upon his own path, what more creditable to our people's estimate and 
 
37 
 
 their own approval upon this or that path in public life, than thatGen- 
 eral Lojfan by the path that he pursued, never in ainbusli, never in 
 devious paths, never agitated about his own reputation, and never de- 
 Taming that of others, led on in a path tliat brought him up to tiie 
 highest distinction and has left him this capital tigure in the memory 
 of all his country nun. 
 
 In every form of popular influence on the largest scale, near to the 
 topmost of the culminating crown of a people'sglory to the fame of one 
 of their citizens, he was befoi'e us in the most recent contest for the 
 rresidency. He. at the moment that he died, was held, in the judgment 
 of his countrymen, among the very foremost lor the future contest. 
 And this illustration of his distinction knows no detraction, no dispar- 
 agement, no flaw touching the very heart and manhood of his life and 
 character. 
 
 Let us, then, applaud our people and applaud this great character as 
 being a just answer to much of the contumely and opprobrium that is 
 aimed at the public life of this country. I can find no capital figure 
 in the politics of other nations that more plainly s'lows that this i.s a 
 path of honor, and in the sunlight, and arrives at the liual glory of its 
 consummation. 
 
 Mr. President, for some imperfection of our nature, -which we can not 
 lay aside, it is said that the fullness of the heart and of admiration can 
 not show itself. 
 
 Not tin the sacred dust of death is shed 
 
 On each dear and reverent head, 
 
 Nor love the living as we love the dead. 
 
 If it be so, nevertheless it is a part of our nature that when thus lib- 
 erated from the threat and fear and competition of the living, never- 
 theless after this obscurity is removed, it is an honest and not a vague 
 and extravagant judgment that gives prominence to the life and char- 
 acter and removes the shade. 
 
 The times are never idle and the busy fingers of the fates are ever 
 weaving as in a taj^estry the manj' threads and colors that make up our 
 several lives, and when this is exposed to critics and to admirers there 
 shall be found few of brighter colors or of nobler pattern than this life of 
 General Logan. 
 
 Mr. SARIN. Mr. President, the melancholy event which engages 
 the attention of the Senate on this occasion accords with the course of 
 nature, and must in due time overt<'ike us all. 
 
 While no man may hope successfully to contend against like conse- 
 quence, our interest therein but increases as we near it. 
 
 This interest, however, as it concerns another, is chiefly retrospective. 
 
 The death of one having occupied so important a place in the service 
 and affections of the public as General Logau naturally leads to a sur- 
 vey of his life, and an inquiry into those personal qualites that molded 
 his being into whatever fullness and roundness of outline it pos.sc.ssed. 
 And I am ple.ised to tiud so many members of this body qualified with 
 familiarity with General Logan's public and private life, and knowl- 
 edge of the mainsprings of his conduct, who are ready to venture into 
 this field of inquiry with a spirit of generous consideration to which 
 his memory is conspicuously entitled. 
 
 Hence, I approach with great difiidence so delicate a task, offering as 
 my only excuse my personal admiration, esteem, and love for one of the 
 best of men and noblest of characters. I shall, therefore, attempt to 
 
38 
 
 treat the subject more from a personal standpoint and my own impres- 
 sions and experiences. 
 
 The personal and public history of General Logan is of that marked 
 character, and so far-reaching in its proportions, that it is impossible to 
 encompass it within the tribute which the present occasion permits. I 
 leave especially the history of his marked and brilliant military career, 
 his devotion, services, and Irieudshiijs to his comrades in arms during 
 and since the war; to those who were with him in service during that 
 long and sanguinary struggle, and who know so well how to speak of 
 his labors and his victories. 
 
 To follow the career of a life having within its bounds such a range 
 of developments, and marked by so many acts which stand out in bold 
 relief upon the panorama of our national progress, would require a lati- 
 tude embracing space and time only to be covered through the compi- 
 lation of volumes. 
 
 This session of the Senate has been dedicated to the offering of a trib- 
 ute to him who but recently sat with us in council, and who, it is en- 
 tirely within the limits of moderation to say, has left a stamp upon 
 the puljlic affairs of our country during the period of his life which 
 time will not efface while the Republic endures. The name of General 
 John A. Logan is at once a glory to the American people and a natural 
 heritage to future generations. He was a Colossus among the giants of 
 American history. The impress of his individuality and genius must 
 remain upon the institutions for the perpetuity and perfecting of which 
 the lives of Washington, of Hamilton, of Jefferson, of Sumner, of Lin- 
 coln, and of Grant were dedicated. 
 
 Long before I had personal acquaintance with General Logan his 
 name and fame had become an object of interest and pride to me in 
 common with all other American citizens. 
 
 I think it was General Logan's attitude at the outbreak of the rebel- 
 lion that first directed the attention of the public to him. A Douglas 
 Democrat, he shared the confidence of that great leader. 
 
 During the troublesome period intervening the first victory of the 
 Republican party in the election of Lincoln and the bombardment of 
 Sumter Logan found his path of dutv in companionship with life-long 
 political associates, struggling in the fruitless endeavor to resist one of 
 the greatest evolutionary movements of a people of which history 
 speaks — a movement characterized by those who participated therein 
 in terms appropriate to mere civil strife, but which in securing for us 
 a more perfect Union may be discovered at this day to have been an 
 evolutionary development of the Constitution. 
 
 In those days the mists which lowered in the political sky obscured 
 the vision of our wisest men. But the fall of Sumter, like a fog-horn 
 at sea, determined the course of Logan. For him party machinery 
 had been a means of directing the united efforts of citizens sharing the 
 same views of public polity. To divert the mechanism to other pur- 
 poses was to release him from party fealty. The Union was to him 
 the paramount good, and party but a means of accomplishing it. 
 
 That great chieftain, with palsied speech, and death seeking to ar- 
 rest his hand, determinedly wrote the imperishable "memoirs," and 
 deliberately recorded the first results of General Logan's example upon 
 the people of Southern Illinois. "As a result of Logan's speech at 
 Springfield," writes General Grant, "every man enlisted for the war." 
 What a glorious tribute did that great man thus render to the noble 
 character whose memory we honor to-day. 
 
39 
 
 Loj'altj' to the Union left Logan no alternative, and he accepted it 
 with a resoluteness of purpose not afterward shaken. 
 
 ! igau's life-current ilowed a steady, strong stream; and ouce directed 
 against the forces of disunion nothing could satisfy his ambitious courage 
 but the heat and labor of the daj' in the forefront of the battle. Here, 
 to the fulness of every patriot's hope, i^ogan served his country. Here, 
 amid all the horrors of four long years of civil strife, Logan's character 
 received those deep impressions which so intensified his subsequent 
 utterances and lent vehemence to much of his after life. 
 
 Comradesl-iip in the perils of battle was ever to him an all-sufficient 
 claim upon his utmost service, and the genius of our institutions so 
 molded his conduct toward all classes of people that his sympathy, 
 with an appreciativecomprehensionof their situation and wants, secured 
 for him their utmost confidence and esteem as a tribute of the jjeople. 
 
 Logan's opportunity for serving his country was not closed at Appo- 
 mattox. 
 
 The restoration of the reign of law in those regions long dominated 
 by the force of arms, the readjustment of those communities in their 
 relations as members of the Union, the formulation of legal enact- 
 ments demanded by the elevation of the black man into the light and 
 liberty of American citizenship, the whole scheme of national restora- 
 tion and civil rehabilitation known as "the period of reconstruction," 
 called for ability equal in importance to the demands of civil strife. 
 In this new field was General Logan found the constant, effective, and 
 honored representative of the people, and the sturdy cliampion of the 
 most effective measures calculated to secure for the entire country the 
 benefits of a restored Lhiion. 
 
 f^or over twenty years the untiring industry and the genius of Gen- 
 eral Logan as a statesman is to be found on almost every page of the 
 records of the House of Kepresentatives or of this Senate; and it is a 
 fact perhaps not generally known that General Logan originated and 
 introduced more public measures than any other member; and we, hLs 
 colleagues upon this door, are familiar with that record, which is des- 
 tined to grow brighter and more legible with the lapse of time. 
 
 Such was the openness and simplicity of his character and the can- 
 dor of his demeanor that those differing most from him in conviction 
 were the first to yield him that respect and regard due and given only 
 to real nobility of character. 
 
 Logan's character presents three distinct aspects — that which relates 
 to his career and services as a soldier, that whicli considers his eminent 
 ability and services as a statesman, and that which pertains to his whole 
 career, from the growth of the boy to the lamented death of an honored 
 man. It is presented not only to the people of America but to the 
 whole civilized people as a bright example to be held up to the illumi- 
 nation as well as emulation of every youth beginning his struggle with 
 the world. 
 
 But who shall be able to do justice within the limits of a few min- 
 utes" eulogium to the brilliant record of a soldier who abandoned rela- 
 tions of family, kindred and friends, of party popularity, arraying bitter 
 hostilities to himself, throws his whole energy with all the power of his 
 vigorous young manhood and enthusiasm against the armed enemy of 
 his country. During the storm of misrepresentation which always 
 assails a man of such marked character, the sublime heroism of General 
 Logan's first act in that dreadful ordeal through which our country 
 
40 
 
 jKissed has not yet received that appreciation which time and a con-id 
 ti;kte people will give it. 
 
 rhe popular idol oi' his party in a State of supreme importance durin-^ 
 that crisis to the Union cause, recently elected after conducting abrill- 
 iaut campaign by a large majority over his party opponent, with youth 
 aud strength, rare intellectual endowment as his heritage, let it he 
 considered for a single moment what would have been the consequence 
 if he with all his power and etuhusiastic following had clung to the 
 ]iarty of disunion. No mau at this day can do more than form a coa- 
 jecture of the terrible disaster which might have fuUuwed such an 
 e\eut. 
 
 Happily for the American Union, no such contingency was possible 
 in the character of General Logan. In elevating him to honor and 
 power the constituency then at his i)ack had "sowed better than they 
 knew." With a rare self-abnegation and devotion to his country, he 
 resigned political position, and oifered his services as a soldier, in any 
 rank, to his imperiled Government. Thousands upon thousands rushed 
 to the defense in that hour of national danger, aud every honor is due 
 them all. While the brilliant military genius of Geuer.d Logan, con- 
 fessedly the greatest volunteer soldier of his or any other time, served 
 his country with patriotic force upon the Held of battle, yet the in- 
 tluence of his example iu its effects upon an element which he un- 
 doubtedly turned Irom service against the Government seems, viewed 
 from a dispassionate standpoint of subsequent developments, almost 
 like a miraculous interposition in the aflairs of men. 
 
 Others upon this floor have touched in flowery words aud beautiful 
 phrases upon these portions of our departed colleague's career, and I 
 will only add the brief and feeling tribute of another to his military 
 genius: 
 
 Closing his career as a soldier at the end of the war in command of that army 
 lie loved so well, and whose devotion to him was so enthusiastic and unparalleled, 
 in the temple of fame, in the great galaxy of heroes, pure and bright as the sun, 
 firm and solid as the foundation of freedom, will John A. Logan forever stand. 
 A soldier of transcendent military genius, a fearless, skillful, and accomplished 
 leader, a peer among the commandersof armies, his name will godown to his- 
 tory the synonym of purity, loyalty, and patriotism. 
 
 Let me in brief terms refer to those traits of character which must 
 ever be held as shining examples to the youth of the land. 
 
 General Logan was born aud reared under adverse circumstances of 
 an early Western frontier life. In his day there was none of the edu- 
 cational advantages possessed by the youth of the present time. Born 
 in a cabin, his youth was passed in the hard labors of larm life. The 
 few mouths of 'winters' schooling were assiduously utilized by the boy 
 whom nature had itfarked for a brilliant future. But the aml)itious 
 youth was not content with these meager advantages. After the toils 
 of the day were over and when the youths of his age were enjoying the 
 pleasures of a social country e.xistence young Logan was poring over 
 books iu his fitther's cabin and drawing from the fountain of knowl- 
 edge by the aid of a tallow dip aud blazing lire in the old-fa.shioned 
 log tire-place. 
 
 Less than a half century ago the man whose loss is now mourned 
 by the millions of America's Ireeuien might be seen as a boy lying on 
 the floor of his lather's cal)in, eagerly scanning his books in his thirst 
 for knowledge, illuminated only by a flickering light, and intent upon an 
 education which fitted him for tliat career he afterwards achieved. No 
 more interesting picture can be placed before the youths of America 
 
41 
 
 than that which is thus presented by the anibigaous genius, asserting 
 itself uiul achieving its destiny through a<lvei-se comlitious and sur- 
 roundings. 
 
 Fixing a standard of excellence high in the ideas of men, our dead 
 colleague sought to reach the stars through almost insurinountat)le 
 ditlk-ulties. Through a long and useiul lile he niaintaincd principles 
 which he had cultivated in youth; auil amid all the brilliancy of his 
 service in held and forum he left an untainted and uuslaiiied private 
 and public character. 
 
 What an eulogy is this brief and .simple announcement ! A man en- 
 joying unlimited opportunities that place and power conferred upon 
 those of such strength of leadership, moving through an oibit of pub- 
 lic I'unctioiis for a whole generation, resisting the blandislimcnts of 
 Avealth, faithfully serving his country, and in the end sinking to his 
 rest i)oor in purse, though enormously rich in all of the virtues which 
 ennoble humanity: indeed, this is a spectacle wliicli must claim the 
 admiration of the' pure and the good. General Logan was a pure mau 
 ami a good man. 
 
 .\ Christian gentleman, a man of temperate, simple, and frugal hab- 
 its, his private life was spotless. No man living ever dared to approach 
 him with a corrupt proposal. 
 
 It was indeed titling that such qualities should have led the Repub- 
 lican party to honor itself by honoring him with the nomination of 
 Vice-President, a uomination'that added great strength to the ticket, 
 and will ever be regarded as a wise and considerate act. 
 
 It is a common observation that General Logan was an ardent par- 
 tisan. If by that expression is meant that he ardently devoted him- 
 self to the .success of his party, it is doubtless true; but he was not a 
 blind partisau. That he looked to his duty to the countiy, sufficiently 
 appears from his whole public life. Such partisanship represents the 
 liigh pride of American citizenship, and by it Logan has been raised to 
 an exalted place in the hearts of the people. It is an open secret, but 
 not a matter of public history, and therefore not generally known, that 
 General Logan lelt his command in the held at the request of President 
 Lincoln to bear a conspicuous part in the political ciimpaigus during 
 the darkest days of our Kepublic. In the light of the.se accusations 
 of partisanship, let me ask you to ob.serve carel'ully his generous and 
 kindly sentiments in the eloquent appeal to his fellow-citizens in that 
 Jamous .speech at Chicago in I860: 
 
 ruder circuuistmice.s of this character, and surrounded by the perils that 
 have heretofore been striinfrcr.s to u.s, it beliooves every citizen to piiu^e and re- 
 flect: to divest hiru.self of all manner of prejudices, and to a.--k hiii.self without 
 regard to former party associations wliat duly he owes lo himself, lo his eoun- 
 trv.and to future generations. It makes nodiflerence lliat you may liave been 
 a Democrat, a Kepubliean. or an Abolitionist, this (Government was established 
 by vour fathers for you; it is a sacred trust committed to you; the laws have 
 been enacted by the people for tliemselves and theirprotection, and no one can 
 cscaiie the duty he owes to the Government lo reverence its Conslitulion, to 
 yield a respectful ol)edienee to its laws. * * * 
 
 :May our untarnished escutcheon kiss every breeze that is wafted from the 
 balmy waters of the South to the frozen regions of the North, or that comes 
 from the golden plains of the far West lo mingle with those in the East. May 
 it be utifurled in honor and pride upon every ocean where civilization has 
 penetrated, and stand side by side with the banners ot the proudest empiresof 
 the earth. 
 
 An inscrutible Providence has removed a great and good man. and 
 the memories which cluster about his name as a member of this body 
 are so fresh and personal that sve can scarcely realize the great loss 
 
42 
 
 which this Senate and country has sustained; but his useful life and 
 shining example are left to guide the feet of coming generations. 
 
 His form we shall see no more, but his work and his character are 
 ours Ibrever; the body is dead, but the spirit lives — 
 
 For there is no death; 
 The stars go <hiwn to shuie on a fairer shore, 
 And bright in heaven's jeweli'd crown they shine forever more. 
 
 More fitting words can not be said of our dear friend and lamented 
 as.sociate than his own touching and elot^uent tribute to the memory 
 of the immortal Lincoln: 
 
 Yes. his sun has set forever; loyalty's gentle voice can no longer wake thrills 
 of joy along the tuneless chords of his rnoldering heart ; yet patriots and lover.s 
 of liberty who still linger on the shores of time rise and bless his memory; and 
 millions yet unborn will in after-times rise to deplore liis death and cherish as 
 a household word his deathless name. 
 
 Mr. PALMER. Vfhen the news reached me many thousand miles 
 from here that General Logan was dead, I lelt that something more than 
 a great man had passed away. I felt that a great impelling force — a 
 bulwark whose resistance had been never overcome — a cohesive power 
 which bound together many atoms which otherwise would have been 
 unrelated had been eclipsed. 
 
 Among the many prominent characters that have come before the 
 public gaze in the last twenty-five years he can be ;ussigned to no second- 
 ary place. Born in the then far West, where advantages were few, he 
 had developed from within. He had evolved what was involved. All 
 that he appeared to be he was. His nature coulil not tolerate mere- 
 tricious aids if proffered. If he had been caught in the eddies and cy- 
 clones of the French Kevolution he would have been Danton's coadju- 
 tor, if not Danton himself; Danton the furious, the generous, the iin- 
 restrainable, the untamed. His motto would have been as was that of 
 his prototype, to dare, and by that sign he would have saved his coun- 
 try if numan power could have availed. Placed in another environ- 
 ment, inspired by other traditions, his daring was none the less con- 
 spicuous, and he was none the less a factor in that memorable conflict 
 which unified his native land. 
 
 Born in Switzerland he would have been a Wiukelried or an Hofer, 
 had the exigencies of the times demanded. 
 
 If there is to be a type of the Caucasian race to be known distinct- 
 ively as the American, it will have as its substructure spiritually the 
 pronounced traits which have made the name of Logan famous — di- 
 rectness of aim, intrepidity of spirit, honesty of purpose, generosity for 
 the vanquished, tenderness for the weak, and catholicityofieeling for all. 
 Some of these qualities were at times obscured in him because of the 
 intensity of his nature, which subordinated all things to the demands 
 ot the time and occasion. 
 
 He detested pretense. He denuded shams. He projected himself 
 with such tbrce that to me he seemed to have the dual nature of the 
 catapult and the missile which it throws. 
 
 Others have spoken of his military career, of how he learned tactics 
 and the manual at the cannon's mouth, of his legislative career with 
 all the honor that attaches thereto; all this has become history. He 
 enjoys the proud distinction, not only of military leadership which he 
 achieved in common with others but of that of a leader and controller 
 of the minds of men. 
 
 The spirit, the fire, the intensity, the insight, the fortitude which 
 
43 
 
 made him efiective at the head of his legions were noue the less potent 
 when the sword was tinned into the piiuiing-hook and material force 
 had heen supplanted by legislative niLtiiods. 
 
 My aeqiiaiiitanoe with General Logan w;us confined to the last three 
 years of his life, but 1 had known him ever since thatfatelui day when 
 with his leader he was about to move on the enemy's works at Donel- 
 son. I had watched him at Vicksburg— on the march to Atlanta. I 
 had followed him to the Held, when, recovering rrom his wounds, he met 
 his corjis as it struck the sea on that dramatic march which captured 
 the minds of men by the mystery which hung over it, the uncertainty 
 of its outcome, the brilliancy of its execution, and the plenitude of its 
 results. I heard of him again in the Senate. 1 saw him in defeat and 
 always without variableness or shadow of turning. His lace as a sub- 
 altern was as firmly fixed on the objective point as if he had been in 
 command. He was no Achilles furious in action, who could permit 
 his bosom friend and thousands of his fellows to perish that he in his 
 tent might nurse and enjoy his wrath. 
 
 He was a partisan; but he was a partisan because he was a patriot. 
 He did not "narrow his mind and give up to party what was meant 
 for mankind," but he stuck to his party because it was his good sword 
 excalibur with which he hoped to liew down giant wrongs and to ac- 
 complish great results lor his fellow-man. 
 
 He was direct; because with the eye of a soldier and not through the 
 lens of the schoolmen he saw the weak spot in the enemy's line and 
 threw all he had and all he hoped for upon the salient point. His pur- 
 pose did not "lose the name of action " l)y collateral issues. The side- 
 tracks which divert or distract the philosophic or ihe less earnest might 
 as well have not existed as far as their etl'ect on him was concerned. 
 
 He was honest — not in the vulgar sen.se that he was unpurchasable 
 with money — thatgoes without saying — but he had fixed views of right 
 and wrong, and belbre the tribunal of his conscience he determined his 
 course where the ways divided. 
 
 He was intrepid; his temper, iron-like, grew by blows, and in debate, 
 as in the field, opposing forces stimulated and sustained. 
 
 He was generous; and although at times his indignation at real or 
 supposed wrongs spurred him to extremity I never knew him to treasure 
 up a hatred. 
 
 I was thrown with him during the last Presidential contest for a sea- 
 son in my own State. The canvass was bitter and exhausting. His 
 capacity lor work then illustrated was marvelous. The methods by 
 which he reached the hearts of the people were spontaneous, subtle, and 
 efiective. His progress was an ovation. He never appeared without 
 evoking the most rapturous applause, and he never disappointed expec- 
 tation. He carried about him an atmosphere that attracted and ce- 
 mented men to him. The secret was he w:is in rapport with the heart 
 of hunianitv'. No man so low but felt he was a brother, no man so high 
 but felt he was his peer. 
 
 In the Senate he united the valor of the soldier and the temper of 
 the legislator to the tenderness of the child with its quick resentments 
 quickly set aside. 
 
 The last time I saw my friend he was at the head of a cavalcade at 
 one of the fairs of our country. He had been impressed for the occa- 
 sion and compelled to serve. He was the cynosure of all eyes. The 
 men cheered, the women waved their handkerchiefs, and the children 
 loaded him with flowers. It was as much a triumphal march as ever 
 went up the sacred way with captives from remotest Gaul. 
 
44 
 
 But one short } ear ago he helped to lay away hi.s leader aud frieud in 
 his narrow cell mid all the pomp aud circumstance which people love to 
 lavish ou their heroic dead. Humiuoued by the same bugle-call to duty 
 upon earth — the trumpet that shall call tbeoue to renewed etlbrt iu the 
 great hereal'ter will rouse the other to share his labors, hi.s joys, aud his 
 triumphs. He has tought the good light; he has finished his course. 
 
 If in auother age, under other conditions, he had died like Dauton, 
 ou a scaffold raised by those whom he had helped to save (I can fancy), 
 he would have said, as Dauton said to his friend when the mob were 
 howliug for his blood, "Heed not that vile canaille, my friend;" aud 
 again, as he stepped upon the scaffold, "O my wife, my well beloved: " 
 aud I believe the historian would have said of him as of Dantou, " No 
 hollow formualist, deceptive and self-deceptive ghastly to the natural 
 sense, was this; but a man — with all his dross he was a man, fiery real 
 from the great fire bo.som of uature herself." 
 
 It', like Sidney, wouuded aud dying, he had laiu upon the battle- 
 field he would have been ecjual to the re-enactment of the story which 
 has made Sidney's name a sweet savour unto Christendom. 
 
 But Providence had reserved him for a kindlier fate. The hand of 
 affection cooled his brow aud his eye had lost its speculation and the 
 ear its sensibility before the tears and moans of those he loved attested 
 to others that the strong man had at last met a power that was silently, 
 Sjjeedily, surely bearing him to the dark house and the long sleep. 
 
 Amid the many heroic figures which stand out on the luminous back- 
 ground of the past quarter of a century uoue will be regarded with 
 more affection aud interest than that sturdy and intrepid form por- 
 trayed in silhouette, clear cut and pronounced in its outlines as in its 
 mental traits. 
 
 Happy the State which has borne such a citizen. Thrice happy the 
 people who. appreciating his virtues, shall give him a place in the Val- 
 halla of her heroes lor the encouragement and inspiration of the youth 
 of the future. 
 
 Mr. FAliWELL. Mr. President, after the many eloquent words 
 which have been said irpon this mourniul occasion, I feel that any word 
 which I could say would be idle and vain. 
 
 General Logan was the bravest of soldiers, an able statesman, and 
 an honest man. 
 
 No higher tribute can be paid to man than this, and this is the offer- 
 ing which I bring. The late President of the United States, General 
 Grant, said to me thathecould uever forget General Logan's great serv- 
 ices to his country. In battle always brave, never faltering, always 
 ready. 
 
 He is greatest who serves his country best. And shall we not class 
 him as one of these? 
 
 Mr. President, 1 second the resolutions of my colleague. 
 
 The PKli^SIDENT^ro tempore. The question is on the adoption of 
 the resolutions. 
 
 The resolutions were agreed to unanimously. 
 
 Mr. CULLOiL I move, as a further mark of respect to the memory 
 of General Logan, that the Senate do now adjourn. 
 
 The motion was agreed to; and (at 4 o'clock and 2 minutes p. m.) 
 the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Thursday, February 10, at 12 
 o'clock m. 
 
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