^ ^'\ '^^i^.^ /'% --^^^P,*" ^^ -^ ^:^^v^v ^^^% -^K^^'?^ =* *•■'•*'•*'/' "v^^V^ "v*^^*V°''' %'^^*\/* "v*' ''^^o^ 'Si. «• ^J> - «. » o ' O, K^ H q. ^0 c^".i^:'>o ^/\^^%\ ^'^-^'X /^;^''\.^^ ' "-^^^^'\°' ' ^J'^^V"^ "V^^V' \'^*^-^^^ -6> t* ^^-r. .-^c- K* ^ %?« •>: •^^0^ -^^0^ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from The Library of Congress http://www.archive.org/details/queensboroughborOOcham ^ ISSUED BY THE CHAMBER OP COMMERCE ofTH^BOROUGH OP QUEENS 1915 BROOKLYN EAGLE PRESS QUEENS BOROUGH The Borough of Homes and Industry A descriptive and illustrated book setting forth its wonderful growth and development in commerce, industry and homes during the past few years; and its many attractions, advantages and possibilities as a section wherein to live, to work and to succeed. COMPILED AND ARRANGED BY WALTER I. WILLIS, Secretary .■r?Trjrf\>J-ia ISSUED BY THE MANUFACTURING ««^ INDUSTRIAL COMMITTEE of the CHAMBER OF COMMERCE of the BOROUGH OF QUEENS NEW YORK CITY 1915 MANUFACTURING & INDUSTRIAL COMMITTEE Burton Thompson, Chairman Wm. D. Bloodgood John J. Halleran Wm. H. Dahman Michael J. Degnon H. W. Drake Clifford S. Fox A. L. Langdon John W. Rapp Henry M. Toch George E. Woods £>. Of D. ^^^ 23 19 5 INTRODUCTION EW people realize how great a city the Borough of Queens would be, considered by itself, apart from its political connection with New York City. The following statement of its rank, as compared with the principal cities of the United States, will give some idea of its immensity, of its possibil- ities for even greater development, and of its importance from a commercial, industrial and residential standpoint: 19th in Population (387,444 on July 1st, 1914). 17th in Value of Its Manufactured Products ($151,680,- 000 in 1909). 7th in Building Construction for 1914 ($19,373,471). 6th in Assessed Valuation ($488,686,000 in 1914). 5th in Area ( 1 17.36 square miles) . With the completion of the rapid transit lines that are now under construction in the different sections of the Borough, with the many new factories that are daily locating here, and with the thousands of new homes of every description that are built each year. Queens Borough will soon be transformed from its present condition of several separate communities, with unsettled areas between them, to one continuous, built-up city. The natural advantages of the Borough, its actual proxim- ity to the centers of activity in Manhattan, its wonderful indus- trial development, and the great influx of population from Man- hattan and Brooklyn, which is being supplemented from all over the country by those who are brought to the Borough by the establishment of new commercial and manufacturing enterprises, are all combining to make Queens Borough the most attractive residential section of New York City, and one of the most im- portant manufacturing centers in the United States. CONTENTS Chamber of Commerce of the Borough OF Queens: Officers, Directors, Chairmen of Committees, List of Members, Reasons for Membership 7-14 Manufacturing and Industries: Articles Manufactured, Attractions to New Industries, New Industries, Enlargements, Manufacturing Sta- tistics 1 5-24 Factories, Borough of Queens 25-30 Dual Subway System of Rapid Tran- sit: Extensions Into Queens, Benefits De- rived by All Sections, Transit Cen- ters, Steinway Tunnel, Flushing- Bayside Extension, Rapid Transit Map, Tunnel Under East River at 60th Street, Stations 31-41 Trolley Lines 42-43 Residential Advantages: Influence of Industrial Development, Demand for Houses and Apart- ments, Types of Homes, Develop- ment Companies 44-53 Long Island Railroad: Improvements, Freight Rates, Pas- senger Growth, Stations, etc 54-60 page Pennsylvania Station 61 New York Connecting Railroad 62-63 Clubs 64 Waterfront Development: Newtown Creek, Dutch Kills Creek, East River, Flushing Bay, Flushing Creek, Flushing Bay-Jamaica Bay Canal, Jamaica Bay, Freight Ter- minals 65-74 Barge Canal Terminals 75-76 Population 77 Assessed Valuations 78-79 The Rockaways: Beaches 80-81 Banks 82-83 Bridges 84-85 Telephone Growth 86 Mortgage Companies 87 Areas 87 Parks 88-89 Power, Light and Heat: Electric and Gas Companies 90-91 Government: Borough, County, City 92-94 Building Development 95-96 Libraries 97 Water Supply 99 Newspapers 99 Chamber of- Commerce of the Borough|of Queens City of New York. Incorporated April, 1911. To Promote the General Welfare of the Borough of Queens, City of New York, and To Foster Its Commerce." EXECUTIVE OFFICES Bridge Plaza, Long Island City, New York City. Telephone, Astoria 1109. HE Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens has grown steadily both in importance and influence, and now has 170 members from every section of the Borough who live in that section or have business interests there, and its membership includes the most prominent manu- facturers, bankers, merchants, real estate developers, builders, contractors, and professional men of the Borough. Annual dues of $50.00 are charged, thus creating a fund to maintain permanent of- fices, and for the compilation of complete records of all large improve- ments throughout the Borough, and to assist in securing transit improve- ments, developments to the waterfront, improvements to the main high- ways, to study legislation affecting the interests of the Borough, and to secure the introduction of new commercial enterprises into the Borough. The officers and directors of the Chamber for the year 1914-15 are: President, Vice-President, Fice-President, Treasurer, Secretary, Term Expires 1915 John Adikes, W. H. Williams, John H. Prall, William Brewster Robert W. Higbie, Charles G. M. Thomas, George J. Ryan, William J. Hamilton, Walter I. Willis, Board of Directors. Term Expires 1916 Charles G. Meyer, Edward A. MacDougall, John W. Rapp, Edward Roche, Robert B. Austin Jamaica Flushing Long Island City Corona Flushing Term Expires 1917 Clarence A. Ludlum, Stuard Hirschman, Henry S. Johnston, E. N. L. Young Chairmen of Committees, 1914-15. Executive and Membership Robert W. Higbie Commerce F. D. Thorne Manufacturing and Industrial Burton Thompson Transit John Adikes Legislation Clinton T. Roe Arbitration Wm. W. Gillen Borough Planning John C. Brackenridge Highways Treadwell D. Carpenter Queens Boulevard Frank W. Scutt Entertainment Fred G. Randall Terminal Markets Michael J. Degnon Rockaway Turnpike Edward Roche Dinner Burt Jay Humphrey 8 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. List of Members of the Chamber (Feb. 15, 1915). Name Address Business John Adikes Jamaica Flour and Feed Merchant. Charles Lee Andrews ...Flushing Member of New York Stock Exchange. Robert B. Austin Jamaica President, Queens County Trust Co. J. H. Ballantine Long Island City. . President, Neptune Meter Co. Wm. A. Baumert College Point .... Manufacturer. Charles R. Bettes Far Rockaway . . . Chief Engineer, Queens County Water Co. William D. Bloodgood. .Long Island City.. Real Estate. Samuel J. Bloomingdale. New York Bloomingdale Bros., Department Store. John C. Brackenridge. ..Richmond Hill ...Consulting Engineer. William Brewster Long Island City. . President, Brewster & Co. (Automobiles). J. Mead Briggs New York President, Queens Court Realty Co. Herman Broesel Long Island City. . Treasurer, Simplex Automobile Co. Lathrop Brown Smithtown United States Congressman. M. J. Budlong New York President, Packard Motor Car Co. of N. Y. Ellis Parker Butler .... Flushing Author ; Vice-President, 1st Nat'I Bank of Flushing. Henry L. Caiman Long Island City. . Varnish Manufacturer (Emil Caiman & Co.). Treadwell D. Carpenter. Jamaica President, Carpenter Lumber Co. Henry A. Cassebeer ....Long Island City. . President, Cassebeer Pharmacal Co. Theodore Cassebeer ....Long Island City. . Cassebeer Pharmacal Co. James E. Clonin Astoria Clonin & Messenger (Coal, Wood, etc.). William T. Clute Long Island City. . Builder. Stanley A. Cohen Long Island City. . President, The New York Consolidated Card Co. C. W. Copp Flushing Lumber Merchant. Charles E. Covert Jamaica Vice-President, U. S. Title & Guarantee Co. John D. Crimmins New York Vice-President, N. Y. Title Insurance Co. Morton R. Cross New York President, Cross & Brown Co. (Real Estate). William H. Dahman . . .Woodhaven Superintendent, Lalance & Grosjean Mfg. Co. Richard F. Dalton Long Island City. . Treasurer, N. Y. Architectural Terra Cotta Co. R. H. Davis New York Real Estate. Joseph P. Day New York Real Estate ; Auctioneer. Michael J. Degnon ....Jamaica President, Degnon Realty & Terminal Co. John M. Demarest Forest Hills General Manager, Sage Foundation Homes Co. George C. Dickel Woodhaven Builder. J. W. Doolittle Douglaston Douglaston Realty Co. H. W. Drake Brooklyn Commercial Mgr., L. I. Div., N. Y. Telephone Co. Clarence Edwards Newtown Attorney. Samuel Eichen New York Shore Acres Realty Co. (Beechhurst). Jesse F. Ellsworth Long Island City.. Mgr. Astoria Branch, Corn Exchange Bank. Walter G. Eliot Long Island City. . Asst. Engineer, Topographical Bureau. Leander B. Faber Jamaica Vice-Pres., Queens County Trust Co.; Attorney. Charles E. Finlay Great Neck President, Aetna National Bank. James F. Fitzpatrick ... Long Island City.. Asst. Superintendent, Nichols Copper Co. Thomas J. Foster Long Island City. . President, National Bridge Works. Joel Fowler Richmond Hill ...Real Estate; President, Hillside Bank. Clifford S. Fox Long Island City. . Supt. of Distribution, East River Gas Co. James Frank New York Attorney ; Real Estate. George H. Frew Long Island City.. Mgr. Plaza Branch, Corn Exchange Bank. John F. Galvin Long Island City. . President, Metal Stamping Co. Robert D. Garden Long Island City. .President, Harrolds Motor Car Co. (Pierce-Arrow) William W. Gillen ....Jamaica Attorney. Earl A. Gillespie Woodhaven Lumber Merchant. Marshall W. Gleason ..Maspeth President, Gleason-Tiebout Glass Co. Eben Griffiths Jamaica L. I. Editor, Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Col. H. A. Guinzburg. .College Point ....Treasurer, I. B. Kleinert Rubber Co. John J. Halleran Flushing Fax Commissioner, City of New York. William J. Hamilton ...Corona President, First National Bank of Corona. Julius Harder Bayside Architect. Robert W. Higbie Jamaica President, R. W. HIgble Lumber Co. Stuard HIrschman New York Real Estate. J. W. Hobbs Long Island City. . District Manager, Goodyear Rubber Tire Co. Conrad Hubert Long Island City. . President, American Ever Ready Co. E. Covert Hulst Flushing Director, First Mortgage Guarantee Co. Burt Jay Humphrey .... Jamaica County Judge. Paul H. Irvin Richmond Hill ...Real Estate. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 9 Name Address Business William T. James Flushing President, Queens County Savings Bank. Henry S. Johnston Elmhurst President, H. S. Johnston Drug Co. J. Wilson Jones Long Island City. . Mgr. L. I. City Branch, Broadway Trust Co. William A. Jones, Jr. .. Richmond Hill ...Attorney. Frederic C. Kavanaugh. New York President, Howard Estates Development Co. Henry S. Kearney New York Treasurer, Queensboro Corporation. John J. Kindred Long Island City. .Kindred's Sanitarium; Ex-Congressman. George M. Kirchmer ...Brooklyn Jamaica, Richmond Hill, Newtown and Wood- haven Gas Companies. Samuel Knopf Jamaica President, Everett Realty Co. Fred J. Lancaster Long Island City. . President, Courtney Development Co. A. L. Langdon New York Traffic Mgr. and Gen'l Freight Agt, L. I. R. R. John Anderson Leach ..Long Island City. . City Magistrate. G. Howland Leavitt ...Flushing Superintendent of Highways, Borough of Queens. Frederic G. Lee New York President, Broadway Trust Co. H. S. Leverich New York Real Estate. Adolph Lewisohn New York Banker. Samuel A. Lewisohn . . . New York Banker. Henry Lockhart, Jr New York Banker; President, Simplex Automobile Co. Jacob L. Loose Kansas City Loose-Wiles Biscuit Co. (L. I. City). Clarence A. Ludlum Jamaica Vice-President, Home Insurance Co. Andreas P. Lundin Long Island City. . President, Welin Marine Equipment Co. Arthur F. MacArthur . . New York MacArthur Bros. Contracting Co. John R. MacArthur New York MacArthur Bros. Contracting Co. James A. McDonald ...Flushing Trustee, Queens County Savings Bank. H. Stewart McKnight ..New York President, McKnight Realty Co. Edward A. MacDougall. Flushing President, Queensboro Corporation. Harold C. McNulty New York Real Estate. Andrew McTigue Far Rockaway ...Real Estate and Insurance. James Macbeth Jamaica Director, Queens County Trust Co. Carleton Macy Far Rockaway . . . President, Queensboro Gas & Electric Co. Alrick H. Man Richmond Hill ...Attorney; Pres., Kew Gardens Corporation. A. F. Mathews Ridgewood Builder. G. X. Mathews Ridgewood Builder. Martin A. Metzner Long Island City. . Manufacturer, Bags and Bagging. Philip K. Meynen Jamaica Real Estate and Mortgage Loans. Charles G. Meyer Bayside Secretary, Cord Meyer Development Co. C. C. Mollenhauer Brooklyn Real Estate. H. F. Mollenhauer Long Island City. . National Sugar Refining Co. Harrison S. Moore Flushing Attorney. M. Morgenthau, Jr New York Real Estate. Henry J. Mullen Jamaica President, H. J. Mullen Contracting Co., Inc. Frances J. Cakes Long Island City. . President, Oakes Manufacturing Co. (Chemicals). Denis O'Leary Long Island City. . District Attorney, Queens County. Alvan T. Paj'ne Long Island City. . Attorney. W. Elmer Payntar Long Island City.. Real Estate and Insurance. Edward R. Perkins New York Vice-President, Aeolian Piano Co. Gaston Plaintiff Long Island City.. New York Manager, Ford Automobile Co. E. C. Potter, Jr Long Island City. . Vice-Pres., B'klyn Eastern District Terminal Co. John H. Prall Elmhurst Member of New York Stock Exchange. Andrew J. Provost Richmond Hill ...Engineer, Firm of Lederle & Provost. William P .Rae Jamaica President, Jamaica Hillcrest Co. Fred G. Randall Elmhurst Vice-President, Queensboro Corporation. John W. Rapp College Point President, Empire Art Metal Co. (Fire-proofing). George B. Raymond Long Island City.. Pres., G. B. Raymond & Co. (Sewer pipes, etc.). Sol. Richman Long Island City. . Superintendent, Nat'l Enameling & Stamping Co. Charles H. Rickert Flushing Secretary, Rickert-Finlay Realty Co. E. J. Rickert Great Neck President, Rickert-Finlay Realty Co. Walter F. Ring Richmond Hill ...President, Ring-Gibson Co. (Builders). Walter Roberts Long Island City. . Gen'l Mgr., Wm. Bradley & Son (Stone Yard). Edward Roche Far Rockaway . . . Roche's Baths. Clinton T. Roe Whitestone Attorney; Sec'y, L. I. Bond & Mortgage Co. Morris Rosenwasser .. .Long Island City. . Manufacturer, Leggins, Boots, etc. George J. Ryan Long Island City. . Real Estate and Insurance. Rudolph J. Schaef er . . . New York President, F. & M. Schaef er Brewing Co. Felix Schwemer College Point .... Vice-President, Traun Rubber Co. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 11 Name Address Business Frank W. Scutt Hollis Real Estate and Mortgage Loans, Jamaica. ^hfrIen=son^^V.:.iSu^^^.^;:-/i-i•,^^^^^^^^ ^^"^^"- ^ Oueens^Tractlon Cor, F. DeHass Simonson ...Elmhurst Real Estate GustTve' T^'sl^'/t, xr^l'^^"'^ City..Sohmer & Co. (Piano Manufacturers). Ph. r H ? T^^"^ ^*?''' Contractor and Plumbing Supplies. T^enZ V .'/""^^^ • • i°"^ ^'Y""^ City. .President, Steinway Piano Co Jreder" S^orm "^ --Long Island City. . President, Astoria & Steinway Homestead Co. Henrv S 13 w^'^ '^ President, 1st National Bank of Bayside. y J c , u ^ Woodside Contractor. Bernarfsuvd'l Whitestone President, The New York Watering Co. Bernard huydam Elmhurst Real Estate Benjamin Sweet Jamaica Real Estate! Charles G. M. Thomas. Long Island City. . Vice-President and General Manager, N. Y. & R,,,^ ^. ,, Queens Electric Light & Power Co Burton Thompson New York Real Estate Hen"ry'M ^och"' f^°"^ Jt"^ City. . Superintendent, Devoe Plant, Standard Oil Co. Beni/mJn r V ^ Long Is and City. . Varnish and Paint Manufacturer. Andrew TVrrf"«5'^T^'"i°"^-^''^"^ City..Mgr., Jackson Ave. Branch, Corn Exchange Bank. P...r v^' I^^ ^'*'''" ..Jamaica Coal and Wood Merchant. ^ reter Van Siclen Jamaica ^^r.d\^^''''''^ Jamaica .'.■." i.'.' .'i ."president, Jamaica Savings Bank. fort.*vJ'.:y.;::;:::prhiIr^:::: ■■Ii";LT' ^^"'"'^" ^ '^"«"' ^""'°" ^-^- Richmond Weed Flushing Attorney T A WiS^or'i"^ ^f^'% ^°^"* ■■■■^'''- ^"^ 'T^^^^- American Hard Rubber Co. C A wflw ?^'^ York President, Tubes Realty & Terminal Co. Alex's Win;.,;,; Long Is and City.. President, C. A. Willey Co. (Varnish). HarrvP^iS, Long Is and City. . President, Astoria Veneer Mills & Dock Co. WniZrT M WMr Long Is and City.. Attorney; Treas., First Mortgage Guarantee Co Sfl. ?\x^r '^""^ • -^""^ ^^'^"^ City. .President, First Mortgage Guarantee Co WHbur'^C w!h ''".'•■ • • • ^°"'^'^" P'-^^''^^"*' ^'^'^^y^ ^^P^^ Transit Co Wm O wL 1'™''?^ .;^.^...... Manager, Law^yers Title Insurance & Trust Co. R P Wooden Long Island City..Pres. and Gen^l Mgr., N. Y. & Queens Co. Ry. Co. VVoodm Jamaica Manager, Jamaica Branch, Title Guarantee & WilI?am\^Yl' New York EngineTr'"wia Light, Heat & Power Co. Euien.N f V Jamaica Vice-President, Yale Land Co. Eugene N.L. Young ....Long Island City. . Attorney. WH K« H V ""^ .... Long Island City. . Manufacturer, Bags and Bagging. Wilhs H. Young Jamaica President, L. I. Bond & Mortgage Mortgage Co. In Memoriam. Lawrence E. Embree Died October 9th, 1912. Lmdley M Franklin Died February 12th, 1913. Louis Windmuller . Died October 1st, 1913. Timothy L. Woodruff Died October 12th, 1913. Wm. DeH. Washington Died August 30th, 1914. Charles A. Chnstman Died September 2nd, 1914 12 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Ten Reasons for Membership in the Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens 1. — Represents All Interests and All Sections. It is the only representative organization of the Borough of Queens including in its membership men from not only every section of the Borough, but of the City of New York, who are interested in the finan- cial, commercial, industrial, residential, and general development of Queens Borough. In membership and leadership it represents the best citizenship and reflects the highest impulse of the community. 2. — Support Required. The Chamber's power Is measured by its centers of information and influence. The extent of its activities and the measure of its usefulness is determined by the support which it is given by the financial and com- mercial interests of the business men of Queens. 3. — Renders Continuous Service. Every man owes a debt to the community that his taxes do not cover. This debt can only be paid in service. The Chamber of Com- merce is the best medium through which such service can be rendered. Service through the Chamber broadens a man's views of government and business. The strength of your name, your advice, your influence, your money, and, if possible, your service, are needed. If you are unable to give your personal service, you should be willing to support with your money and influence an organization which is con- stantly working for the good of both Queens Borough and Greater New York. 4. — Secures Important Improvements. To accomplish the many needed improvements and to promote prop- erly the interests of the Borough requires a strong organization of busi- ness men. The Chamber is a big institution directing all its energies to- wards securing important Improvements, and is therefore worthy of the support of every public-spirited citizen who Is desirous of seeing Queens Borough hold a leading position in the City of New York. The success of Its many committees In securing improvements Is dependent upon the support it receives. City, State and National officials recognize organized business men, and when the Chamber urges Improvements to the transit facilities, water- front, highways, and other important matters to assist the growth and Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 13 progress of the Borough, its recommendations are received favorably and given thorough consideration. The larger the organization the greater the influence. 5. — Secures Confidence in Community. The growth of the Chamber indicates the confidence that business men have in the growth and prosperity of the Borough of Queens, 6. — Promotes Good Will of Borough. As an independent forum for the discussion of civic and commercial subjects, out of which come united judgment and action, it has syste- matically built up the good-will of the Borough of Queens not only in New York City, but throughout the entire country. This is an asset of incal- culable value to every business man and interest of Queens Borough. 7. — Protects From Unjust Exactions. Self-protection is a universal instinct. It is just as necessary in busi- ness as in organized government. Membership in the Chamber means your protection against unjust exactions. Club Room^ Chamber of Commerce. 14 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 8. — Promotes Business Friendship. The Chamber promotes friendly acquaintance and thereby lessens, removes, or prevents friction, misunderstanding or suspicion between busi- ness men in business transactions. An ounce of prevention is worth a ton of argument. 9. — Promotes General Welfare and Fosters Commerce. The object of the Chamber, as stated In its by-laws, is "to promote the general welfare of the Borough of Queens, and to foster its com- merce." It stands for the commercial, industrial and civic advancement of the Borough of Queens and the City of New York. 10. — Facilities Offered to Members. (a) Efficient Organization. A thoroughly up-to-date organization with an efficient staff of employees, always willing to serve you in any way possible. A Secretary, devoting his entire time to the work of the Cham- ber, who is acquainted with the needs and possibilities of the various sections ot the Borough, and who Is familiar with all matters relating to Its commercial. Industrial and general development. (b) Offices. The offices of the Chamber consist of the executive offices of the Secretary and a large club room, handsomely furnished, where all committee and monthly meetings are held. Offices are located In the Queens Plaza Court Building, Bridge Plaza, Long Island City. In addition, a luncheon club adjoins the offices, where table d'hote lunches are served each noonday. This club Is run Independently of the Chamber, but Is open to our members and their guests. (c) Committees. Efficient committees, which study and promote matters affecting the Interests of the Borough In commerce, transit, manu- facturing, borough planning, legislation, highways, parks and boulevards, public and terminal markets, etc., etc. (d) Information and Statistical Bureau, which can furnish you with definite Information regarding any phase of the growth, progress and possibilities of the Borough of Queens — furnishing reliable information for the investor, the home seeker, or the prospective manufacturer. (e) Publicity Bureau. Preparing and circulating the latest in- formation regarding the many Improvements and developments through- out the Borough. A monthly Bulletin is published by the Secretary's of- fice, which sets forth not only the activities of the Chamber, but facts relating to the development of the Borough in every line. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 15 Manufacturing and Industries QUEENS BOROUGH AS^ A MANUFACTURING CENTER HE industrial development in the Borough of Queens in the last few years has surpassed the expectations of every- one. Millions of dollars have been spent in the con- struction of new factories all of which are modern, sanitary, well-lighted buildings, of which any city could be proud. In addition, many of the present manufac- turing plants have made extensive enlargements to their factories. Queens Borough, considered as a city by itself, ranks seventeenth among the principal cities of the United States in the value of its manu- facturing products, according to the last official census taken in 1909 by the Department of Commerce of the United States Government. In the State of New York it would rank fourth, being exceeded in this respect by only the Boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn, and the City of Buffalo. The following table gives some idea of the great industrial growth in the past fifteen years: Estimated 1914 1,100 40,000 $225,000,000 200,000,000 6,000,000 1889 No. of Factories 395 No. of Employees .... Value of Products $35,427,000 Capital Invested 67,420,000 Salaries Paid 1,264,000 1904 513 16,669 $92,941,000 92,977,000 1,836,000 1909 771 27,495 $151,680,000 145,307,000 4,407,000 Ford Motor Car Co. Service Plant, Long Island City. Contains Over 1,000,000 Square Feet of Floor Space. As an Assembling Plant, Will Turn Out 25,000 Cars During 1915. 16 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. The variety of the articles manufactured covers almost the entire range of the industrial field, and includes nearly everything from aero- planes to wagons, and such widely different articles as chewing gum and granite monuments, dictographs and law books, druggists' supplies and turbine engines, enamelware and macaroni, automobiles and toys, caskets and biscuits, pearl buttons and foundry castings, rubber brushes and pianos, fire-proof doors and, varnish, refined sugar and sky-lights, sales tickets and copper refining, lifeboats and billiard tables. Within the Borough of Queens is one of the largest copper refining plants In the world, the largest illuminating gas plant in the world, the largest bakery in the world, one of the largest sugar refining plants, bag manufacturing plants, enamelware plants, and automobile service plants in the United States. The Industrial Directory of New York State, compiled by the Depart- ment of Labor for 1912, states that in that year there were 851 factories In the Borough of Queens carrying on over 110 different lines of manufac- turing and employing 31,687 people. Among the principal industries and the number of employees of same in September, 1912, were: Article Manufactured Number of Number of Factories Employees Article Manufactured Sheet Iron Work 18 2,616 Automobiles 17 1,583 Oil Products 8 1,524 Silk Goods 10 1,522 Sheet Metal 3 1,422 Cut Stone 30 1,312 Pianos 4 1,259 Chemicals 10 1,128 House Trim 32 1,120 Machinery 25 978 Gas 8 921 Rubber Goods 5 850 Sugar Refining . 1 636 Buttons 17 Hosiery and Knit Goods... 8 Smoking Pipes 1 Corsets, Garters, etc 1 Paint and Varnish 13 Brass and Bronze 7 Terra Cotta 2 Caps , 1 Electricity 15 Ship Building 8 Electrical Apparatus 3 Printing 28 Ornamental Glass 5 Number of Number of Factories Employees 595 593 542 525 449 432 405 295 281 278 259 257 253 The best evidence of the general distribution of these factories throughout the Borough is the following table from the New York State Industrial Directory, which shows both the number of factories and employees In the various sections of Queens. No. of No. of Location Factories Employees Aqueduct 1 4 Bayside 5 14 Brooklyn Hills 1 23 Bushwick Junction .... 1 80 Cedar Manor 4 28 College Point 31 3,097 Corona 34 567 Douglaston 2 24 Dunton 4 53 Elmhurst 12 39 Evergreen 51 781 Far Rockaway 25 160 Flushing 47 433 Forest Hills 6 95 Glendale 23 746 Glen Morris 1 5 Hollis 1 1 Jamaica 51 561 Laurel Hill 5 2,197 Little Neck 1 3 No. of Location Factories Long Island City 297 Maspeth 36 Middle Village 2 Morris Park 8 North Beach 2 Ozone Park 10 Queens 2 Richmond Hill 33 Ridgewood Heights.... 62 Rockaway Beach 29 Rosedale 1 South Ozone 2 Union Course 15 Whitestone 9 Winfield 14 Woodhaven 17 Woodside 6 Total 851 No. of Employees 16,415 1,040 28 798 6 57 41 831 722 316 5 3 76 149 299 1,852 138 31,687 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 17 Attractions to New Industries The Borough of Queens has so many advantages that it is without doubt destined to be one of the greatest manufacturing centers on the con- tinent. Some of the principal reasons which have resulted in attracting hundreds of new industries to establish manufacturing, assembling, ship- ping and storage plants in the Borough are the following: 1. Location: If a circle is drawn with Times Square or Herald Square as its center, and with a radius of 10 miles, there will be a larger area of Queens within that circle than of any other Borough. Queens is much nearer the business center of Manhattan than any other Borough. In fact, the geographical center of New York City is in Queens Borough. 2. Rapid Transit: It is now possible to reach by trolley a great portion of the Borough for a 5-cent fare from either Manhattan or Brook- lyn. Upon the completion and operation of the Dual Subway System with the several elevated extensions into Queens, it will be easier to reach than even the already built up sections of Brooklyn and the Bronx. 3. Market: It is always an advantage for the manufacturer to have his factory located near a large market. Queens is part of the largest market in the world — the City of New York — the financial center and the focal point for the transaction of business and the distribution of com- modities for the United States. Twenty-seven per cent, of the buying population of the United States is located within 100 miles of New York City — a market of tremendous possibilities. Within a commuting radius of thirty miles, 7^ per cent, of the population of the United States lives. Furthermore, the home consumption of manufactured goods of all kinds is enormous. Everything to eat, or wear, or that can contribute to the pleasure, health or comfort of mankind has a ready sale and quick dis- tribution in New York City and vicinity. New York is the gateway through which one-half of the imports and exports of the business of the United States passes. It is an additional advantage for the manufacturer to be located where he can truck his finished products direct to the consumers. This is the case in Queens, for within a radius of ten miles from the Queens- boro Bridge are included not only all the manufacturing centers of the Borough, but all of the important sections of Greater New York. 4. Good Roads: To realize the advantage of trucking facilities good roads are an absolute necessity. In the past two years over 100 miles of the main highways of the Borough have been repaved, and to-day Queens has as good roads as any section of the City. 5. Queenshoro Bridge: Spanning the East River across Black- well's Island — opened in 1909, gives a direct route for vehicles of all 2 18 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. description from 59th Street and Second Avenue (Manhattan) to Long Island City (Queens Borough). It is estimated that 580,000 trolley cars; 1,200,000 vehicles; and 29,000,000 persons crossed the Bridge during the year 1913. 6. Labor Supply: In every industrial center the labor supply is one of the most Important features. In New York City there is a labor supply not to be found In any other American City. Queens has available this unlimited supply of labor from a population of over 5,000,000 within easy traveling distance. Including the cheapest labor of the newly arrived Immigrant, and the highest skilled labor. 7. Housing Facilities: The Borough of Queens offers advantages superior to any other section of Greater New York for the housing of employees of factories. For those who prefer to live within walking distance of their work small houses and apartments in quiet locations can be obtained at a reasonable cost or rent. Trolleys, rapid transit lines and electric railroads make available all parts of the City of New York for housing employees. Electricity, gas and water are everywhere provided. Sewers are installed. The best schools, churches of all denominations, beaches, parks and theatres and all requisites for pleasure are here. 8. Available Sites: There is no section of New York where so much acreage is available as in the Borough of Queens. There are thousands of acres available for Industrial development. The manu- facturer who has a good location and is surrounded by favorable conditions has an advantage over his competitors. Numerous waterfront sites are to be had along the East River and Newtown Creek, with a depth sufficient to accommodate vessels of large draught, at prices much lower than any other waterfront property in the City. Along the Connecting Railroad and the Pennsylvania-Long Island Railroad are thousands of acres where sidings may be had bringing cars to the factory door and saving all expense for carting. Other locations within easy hauling distance of both railroad and piers are to be had at attractive prices, varying according to location, but always far below in price the same class of property anywhere else in New York City. 9. Cheapness of Land: The price of land Is much cheaper than in Manhattan and other Boroughs, and floor space with many facilities which Manhattan cannot offer such as light, air, direct tracking facilities, etc., can be had at very low prices. 10. Railroad Facilities: There are in Queens today over seventy miles of railroad, some of which is two, four, and six tracked. This amount of railroad through the Borough gives an adequate opportunity for sidings direct to factory premises. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 19 11. Freight Rates: Metropolitan freight rates apply to Queens just as they do to Manhattan, and good shipped into the Borough from more than 100 miles, or shipped out further than 100 miles, get exactly the same rates that the same commodities shipped in or out of Manhattan receive. These New York rates apply as far as Flushing and Jamaica. 12. Electricity and Gas: Electric power rates are very advan- tageous. They are as low as the rates in any city on the Atlantic seaboard, and compare favorably with companies in other parts of the United States which manufacture electric power by steam. Gas for power, illumina- tion or heating can be obtained at reasonable rates. 13. Waterfront: The 200 miles of waterfront and 35 miles of docks and bulkheads on the East River, Newtown Creek, Flushing Bay, Flushing Creek, Jamaica Bay, and the Atlantic Ocean, Indicates the tre- mendous amount of waterfront that Queens has available for shipping and for future development. 14. Connecting Railroad: The New York Connecting Railroad, with Its massive bridge over Hell Gate, connecting Queens Borough with the Bronx, and the Pennsylvania-Long Island Railroad system with the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, will give an all-rail route for both freight and passenger traffic. This railroad will be ready for operation early in 1916. 15. Financial Center: As a financial center New York City Is more than six times greater than any other city In the country, twenty-six per cent of the banking power of the United States being centered In it, and ten per cent of the banking power of the world. Queens Borough is a part of this great banking center, and has today fifteen State Banks, eight Na- tional Banks, four Savings Banks, and five Trust Company Banks, with resources of over $150,000,000. 16. Barge Canal Terminals: Three terminals of the State Barge Canal will be located in the Borough of Queens, as follows: 1st, on the East River, just north of the Queensboro Bridge, Long Island City; 2nd, on Hallet's Cove, East River, in the Astoria section of Long Island City; 3rd, Flushing Bay, just west of the mouth of Flushing Creek. These ter- minals will place all of the advantages of the $101,000,000 deeper and wider State Barge Canal at the disposal of the shippers of Queens Borough, and will materially reduce the cost of transportation of raw materials and manufactured products. 17. "Queensboro Terminal" : A branch of the Brooklyn Eastern District Terminal Co. Is located on the East River, just south of the Queensboro Bridge. This terminal receives and delivers freight each day for not only every railroad in the United States, Canada and Mexico, 20 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. but to the steamboat lines on Long Island Sound, the Hudson River, and the Atlantic Coast, giving as prompt and economical transportation as the merchants and manufacturers of Brooklyn and Manhattan receive. The Loose-Wiles Biscuit Co., Degnon Terminal, Long Island City. Manufacturers of "Sunshine Biscuits." The Biggest Bakery in the World, and the Largest Concrete Building Under One Roof. ' i-Ci Irs: >fS » Iw ': m. Wft IS SS te 1rr- American Ever Ready Co., Degnon Terminal, Long Island City. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 21 Degnon Terminal on Dutch Kills Creek is a private terminal develop- ment comprising 70 acres, with every facility for rail and water shipments to each factory located in this development. NEW INDUSTRIES The following table gives a list of some of the larger factories which have located in the Borough of Queens during the years 1913 and 1914. This list includes 40 different new industries, with an aggregate of over 10,000 new employees and occupying over 3,000,000 square feet of floor space. Location Long Island City Long Island City Woodside, L. I. Long Island City College-Point Long Island City Bushwick Junct. Long Island City Name Acorn Silk Co. The Aeolian Co. Akron Tire Co. American Bar Lock Co. American Ever Ready Co. Brett Lithographing Co. Bon Ray Film Co. Dunlop Wire Wheel Corp. Joseph Elias & Co. Empire Art Metal Co. Franklin's Inc. C. B. French Cabinet Co. Pickling Enameling Co. Goodyear Rubber Tire Co. Grady Manufacturing Co. Harrolds Motor Car Co. A. C. Horn Co. Horn Holland Co. Imperial Metal Co. Klein Brothers Keshan Renovating Co. Loose-Wiles Biscuit Co. Leading Embroidery Works L. Marcotte & Co. Munsing Tractor Co. Meurer Steel Barrel Co., Inc. National Casket Co. New York Watering Co. Whitestone The N. Y. Consolidated Card Co. L. I. City Pan-0-Lite Grease & Oil Co. Rosenwasser Bros. " G. Schirmer, Inc. Schoen-Dahlstrom Co. Simons-Ascher & Co. Simplex Photo Products Co Sterling Gum Co. S. G. V. Auto Co. Sanitation & Supply Co. Walters Piano Co. Wahle Phillips Co. Woodhaven Queens Long Island City College Point Glendale, L. I. Morris Park, L. I. Long Island City Articles Manufactured Silk Dyeing Player Pianos Rubber Tires Locks Electrical Acces- Lithographing Moving Pictures Wire Wheels Plate Glass Fireproof Building Material Candies Telephone Booths Enameling Rubber Tires Polishes Service Plant Pierce-Arrow Varnish Varnish Metal Works Bamboo Furniture Rugs Sunshine Biscuits Novelties Decorators Auto Trucks Boilers Caskets Silk Dyeing Playing Cards Oil No. of employees 70 1- 200 150 1- 30 1- pns Music Publishers Paper Boxes Knit Goods Photo Products Gum & Chocolates Service Plant Antiseptics Pianos Elec. Fixtures 1,500 150 18 50 55 750 200 200 20 45 20 210 30 40 135 100 150 2,500 10- 800 60 15 200 500 200 500 25 850 500 25 300 40 700 50 25 150 150 Floor Space or Size of Building ■story— 60' x 140' 117,000 sq.ft. ■story— 220' X 130' ■story— 75' x 180' ■story— 200' x 150' ■story— 200' x 100' •story — 249' x 280' 18,700 sq. ft. story— 315' X 100' ■story— 200' x 200' ■story— 100' X 65' 100,000 sq. ft. 20,000 sq. ft. ■story — 52' X 268' ■story— 48' x 85' •story— 200' X 80' •story— 200' x 200' ■story— 98' X 86' ■story — 50' X 75' story— 60' X 140' ■story— 70' x 170' •story— 100' X 200' story — 430'x200' story— 200' X 250' 22,000 sq. ft. story — 50' x 75' story— 250' X 180' story — 489' X 60' 10,000 sq. ft. story — 45 8' X 70' story— 35' X 75' story— 100' x 265' story — 220' x 290' story— 50' X 100' story— 200' x 100' story— 75' X 35' 100,000 sq.ft. story— 185' X 75' story— 25' X 150' story— 185' X 75' story- 104'x 77' 22 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. ^'S^'' Harrolds Motor Car Co. (Pierce-Arrow Service Plant), Long Island City. ENLARGEMENTS TO FACTORIES— 1912-14 Name American Hard Rubber Co. American Sales Book Co. American Agricultural Chemical Co. Atlantic Macaroni Co. Bottlers and Manufacturers Supply Co. Collins Iron Works Columbia Paper Bag Co. Defiance Button Machine Co. Wm. Demuth & Co. Ford Motor Co. General Vehicle Co. I. B. Kleinert Rubber Co. Jos. McGee Foundry Co. John Lackner Co. National Varnish Co. National Sugar Refining Co. Neptune Meter Co. Prest-O-Lite Co. Standard Oil Co. Tiffany Studios Louis Trilsch Traun Rubber Co. U. S. Metal Products Co. C. A. W^illey Co. Location College Point, L. I. Glendale, L. I. Laurel Hill, L. I. Long Island City Long Island City Long Island City Long Island City Long Island City Richmond Hill Long Island City Long Island City College Point, L. I. Long Island City Whitestone, L. I. Long Island City Long Island City Long Island City Long Island City Long Island City Corona, L. I. Whitestone, L. I. College Point, L. I. College Point, L. I. Long Island City Addition 3 stories 100' x 40' 2 stories 200' x 75' 3 stories 355' x 60' 3 stories 90' x 250' 2 stories 242' x 70' 1 story 50' x 100' 3 stories 200' x 80' *Fire 2 stories 25' x 45' 1 story 110' X 60' 8 stories 328' x 150' 5 stories 327' x 75' 1 story 327' x 100' 4 stories 75' x 80' 2 stories 125' x 200' *Fire 9 stories 1 story J 5 stories ] 2 stories J 2 stories I 2 stories 1 story 2 stories 3 stories I 2 stories I 1 story 6 stories 71' X 146' 125' X 100' 175' X 75' 75' X 100' 145' X 380' I* Fire 90' X 90' I 175' X 35' 95' X 95' 26' X 52' 50' X 150' 75' X 150' 75' X 150' National Casket Co., Jackson Ave., Long Island City. General Vehicle Co., Review Ave., Long Island City. The Largest Manufacturers of Electrical Trucks in the World. This Is the First of Six New Buildings Which Will Constitute the Entire Plant, and Will Cover Over Eight Acres OF Ground. Present Output Is 3,000 Trucks a Year. 24 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Rank of Manufacturing Cities of United States — 1909. Value of Per Cent. No. of Avge.No. Manufactured Increase establish- of JVage Capital City Rank Products, 1909 1899-1909 ynents Earners Invested New York, N. Y 1 $2,092,693,000* 73.0 25,938 544,002 $1,364,353,000 Chicago, III 2 1,281,171,000 61.0 9,656 293,977 971,841,000 Philadelphia, Pa 3 - 746,076,000 43.5 8,379 251,884 691,397,000 Brooklyn, N. Y 4 417,223,000 33.0 5,218 123,883 362,337,000 St. Louis, Mo 5 " 328,495,000 69.5 2,667 87,371 269,392,000 Cleveland, 6 271,961,000 95.0 2,148 84,728 227,397,000 Detroit, Mich 7 252,992,000 195.0 2,036 81,011 190,125,000 Pittsburg, Pa 8 243,454,000 11.5 1,659 67,474 283,139,000 Boston, Mass 9 237,457,000 107.0 3,155 69,637 175,182,000 Buffalo, N. Y 10 218,804,000 107.0 1,753 51,412 193,041,000 Milwaukee, Wis 11 208,324,000 83.0 1,764 59,502 219,391,000 Newark, N. J 12 202,511,000 78.5 1,858 59,955 154,233,000 Cincinnati, Ohio 13 194,516,000 37.3 2,184 60,192 150,254,000 Baltimore, Md 14 186,978,000 38.4 2,502 71,444 162,437,000 Minneapolis, Minn 15 165,405,000 75.0 1,102 26,962 90,382,000 Kansas City, Kans 16 164,081,000 105.0 165 12,294 42,817,000 QUEENS BOROUGH... 17 151,680,000 314.0 771 23,891 145,307,000 San Francisco, Cal 18 133,041,000 24.3 1,796 28,244 133,824,000 Jersey City, N. J 19 128,775,000 76.5 745 25,454 79,794,000 Indianapolis, Ind 20 126,522,000 113.5 855 31,815 76,497,000 Providence, R. 1 21 120,241,000 66.0 1,080 46,381 118,512,000 Rochester, N. Y 22 112,676.000 89.0 1.203 39.108 95,708,000 The above figures are from the last official census taken in 1909 by the Census Bureau of the Dept. of Commerce. New figures will be com- piled this year for 1914. Steinway & Sons Piano Factory, Ditmas Avenue, Long Island City. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 25 Factories Borough of Queens. (From "Industrial Directory of New York," 1912, compiled by New York State Department of Labor.) No. of Employees Product Manufactured Aqueduct. Name 1 small factory Bayside. 5 small factories 14 Brooklyn Hills. Dillman Baking Co., Inc Bread 23 Bitshwick Junction. Sampson, A., & Sons Oilcloth 80 Cedar Manor. Long Island Electric Railway Co Car repairing 16 3 small factories 12 College Point. American Hard Rubber Co Rubber goods 670 Autopress Co Printing presses 187 Brandes, Julius, Mfg. Co Silk ribbon 34 Chilton Paint Co Paint 3D Gerlach, J. H Blank books 14 Haering & Matter Silk dyeing 30 Kleinert, I. B., Rubber Co Dress shields 525 Kraemer Bros. Co Woodwork 33 Mynepho Ribbon Mills Silk rilabons 323 Stelz, George J Boats 13 Traun Rubber Co Rubber goods 144 United States Metal Products Co Fireproofing material 994 Weber, R. A., Silk Dyeing Co Silk dyeing 62 18 small factories 38 Corona. Johnson & Bernstein Doors and trim 21 Stone, Max Shirts 48 Stone, H., & Son Shirts 38 Stone & Frank Shirts 36 Tiffany Furnaces Glassware and pottery 44 Tiffany Studios Architectural iron and bronze work 284 28 small factories ^Q Douglaston. Citizen Water Supply Co. of Newtown, Station No. 8 Water pumping 15 1 small factory 9 D union. Long Island Railroad Co Car repairing 30 Sanitary Water Still Co Water distilling apparatus 11 2 small factories 12 American Hard Rubber Co., College Point, L. I. "Enterprise Works" Established in 1854. Located on Flushing Bay. 26 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens, No. of ^ame Product Manufactured Employees Elinluirst. 12 small factories ■• 3" Evergreen. American Clay Pipe Works Clay pipes 28 Arctic Knitting Mills Sweaters and knit goods 27 Bessin, Frank £^P^, H Braun. E Brushes 14 B R T., Ridgewood Service Car House Car repairing 43 Cohen Brothers Shirts 112 Dachert & Hasenflug Metal advertising signs 18 Diogenes Brewing Co Beer 22 Evergreen Knitting Mills Knit goods 19 Evergreen Steam Stone Works Stone cutting 26 Frank Brewery Beer 57 Grauer, George, Estate of .Ice 12 Knorr Bros., Inc Beer kegs 25 National Cooperage Co Beer kegs 41 Peerless Silk Mills, Inc Silk ribbons 10 Ridgewood Times Printing & Publishing Co Printing and publishing 10 Rudolph, Otto Knit goods 16 Sackman Bros. Co Children's play suits 38 Strebel, Chas., & Sons Structural iron work 26 Wagner Comb Mfg. Co Shell combs 32 Welz & Zerweck Brewery Beer 100 30 small factories 92 Far Rockaway. Kaiser, George, Lumber Co House trim 11 Mullen & Buckley Window screens and toilet seats 35 News, Rockaway Printing and publishing 14 Pepper, Thomas Woodworking 13 Queens Borough Gas & Electric Co Gas and electricity 17 Queens County Ice Mfg. Co Ice 12 19 small factories 58 Flushing. Concrete Products Co Hollow tile 31 Copp, C. W General woodwork 31 Empire State Dairy Co Bottled milk 10 Flushing Steam Laundry Laundering 38 Franck, Heinrich, Sons & Co Chicory 82 Gaumont Co Motion picture film 34 Hunter Illuminated Car Sign Co Car signs 43 Journal, Flushing Printing 20 New York & Oueens Gas Co Gas 12 Third Ward Hygeia Ice Co Ice 10 Times, Flushing Daily Printing and publishing 13 36 small factories 109 Forest Hills. Sage Foundation Homes Co Concrete blocks, house trim, etc 82 5 small factories 13 Glcndale. American Salesbook Co Salesbooks 58 American Soldier Co Toys 16 Barthels Mfg. Co Braids and shoe laces 86 Bay View Ribbon Co. (Progress Mills) Silk ribbons 65 Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co Car repairing 17 Carey, Samuel Chocolate grinding machinery 42 Prairie Grass Furniture Co Furniture 70 V. & O. Press Co Stamping presses 59 Vogt, Walter T Braids 13 Wicke, Wm., Ribbon Co Silk ribbons 296 1 3 small factories 24 Glen Morris. 1 small factory 5 Hollis. 1 small factory 1 .Tamaica. Carpenter, John R., Co General woodwork Ill Disbrow Bros Auto repairing 12 Farmer, Long Island Daily Printing 11 General Acoustic Co Electrical instruments 82 Jamaica Consumers Ice Co Ice 19 Jamaica Gas Light Co Meter repairing and pipe cutting 11 Jamaica Paragon Plaster Co Plaster grinding 15 Liberty Laundry Laundering 52 I-ong Island Tool & Electric Works Cigar lighters 12 Park Laundry Co Laundering 40 Reiss, Mendel Children's dresses 12 Stansbury, James Woodwork 29 Tinkelman, J., & Son Dresses 21 38 small factories 134 Laurel Hill. General Chemical Co Sulphuric acid and alum 285 National Enameling & Stamping Co Enamelware 900 Nichols Copper Co Copper 1008 2 small factories 4 Little Neck. 1 small factory 3 Long Island City. Adler Veneer Seat Co Chair seats 27 American Apothecaries Co Effervescent salts 18 American Art Mfg. Co Chandeliers 10 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 27 No. of Name Product Manufactured Employees American Drug Syndicate Drugs and medicines 624 American Locomotive Co Auto repairing 90 Ardsley Knitting Mills Women's knit underwear 29 Armour's Fertilizer Works Fertilizer 36 Aseptic Products Co Porous plaster and surgical tape 54 Astoria Boat Works Boats 10 Astoria Light, Heat & Power Co Gas 630 Astoria Marble Co Marble sawing 52 Astoria Pearl Button Co Pearl buttons 41 Astoria Silk Works Silks and velvets 279 Astoria Veneer Mills & Dock Co Veneer 184 Atlantic Blau-Gas Co Compressed gas 29 Atlantic Macaroni Co Macaroni 160 Auto Sales Gum & Chocolate Co Gum 89 Auto Sales Gum & Chocolate Co Slot machines 82 Auto Sales Gum & Chocolate Co Repairing weighing machines 16 Barber Asphalt Paving Co Repairing machinery 10 Benz Auto Import Co. of America Auto repairing 88 Betron Studio Lamp shades 29 Borgia Bros. Co Marble cutting and polishing 14 Bottlers & Mfrs. Supply Co Bottles 110 Bradley, Wm., & Son Marble and stone cutting 440 Brewster & Co Auto and carriage bodies 455 Briggs, Stephen Repairing barrels 22 Brooklyn Range Boiler Co Range boilers and steel barrels 36 Brown, George, & Co Stone cutting 93 Brunswick-Balke Collender Co Billiard tables, bowling alleys and bar fixtures.... 213 Caiman, Emil, & Co Varnish 45 Cassebeer Pharmical Co Toilet creams 25 Champion Silk Co Silk 64 Chase, Roberts & Co Varnish 16 Collins Iron Works Boilers, tanks and stacks 17 Columbia Paper Bag Co Paper bags 125 Coulston, J. W., & Co Dry colors IS Cross, Mark, Co Fancy leather goods 85 Defiance Button Machine Co Button machinerv and tools 266 DeLong Wood Working Co Woodwork 30 DiNobili, P., & Co Cigars and cigarettes 407 Domestic Mfg. Co Soap and soap powder 25 Dvorsky, Charles Pearl buttons 16 Emken Chemical Co Malt coloring 16 Empire City Pearl Button Works Pearl buttons 211 Enderlin, J., Jr., & Co Steam boilers 10 Eppinger & Russell Co Creosoting lumber 28 Federal Brass & Bronze Co Architectural brass and bronze work 12 Ford Motor Co Auto repairing 66 Franklin Brass Foundry Brass castings 26 General Vehicle Co Electric auto trucks 458 Gillies, James, & Sons Cut stone 18 Gillman Marble Co Marble cutting and polishing 15 Gray, C. M., Marble & Slate Co Marble cutting and polishing 17 Haberman, Joseph, Co Tallow and calf skins 26 Huber, Joseph Wagons 12 Ingrain Yarn & Dyeing Co Yarn dyeing 10 Irving Iron Works Architectural and structural iron work 41 Just, George A., & Co Structural iron work 30 Kalamein Co Metal-covered doors and trim 71 Kemlein & Leahy, Inc Marble cutting 21 Keshan Renovating Co Laundering and dyeing 84 Klaber, A., & Son Marble work 12 Klein Brothers Bamboo furniture 103 Klein, J., Iron Works Structural iron work 20 Kolenik, John, Jr., & Co Wire work 20 Krai, Wm., & Co Pearl buttons &(, Lackner, John, Co Paper novelties 78 LaCour Iron Works Structural iron work 15 Lissberger, Marx, & Son, Inc White metal 36 Long Island Hygeia Ice Co Ice 10 Long Island Machine & Marine Construction Co. .Boat building and machinery 10 Long Island R. R. Co Engine repairing 234 McGee, J., Iron & Brass Foundry Iron and brass casting 74 McGrath, M., & Co Granite cutting 14 McWhirter, W. H., Co Marble and cut stone 20 McWilliams Brothers Boat repairing 27 Manhattan Grille Co Interior woodwork 17 Manhattan Pearl Button Mfg. Co Pearl buttons 23 Manhattan Steam Bakery Bread 32 Matheson Lead Co._ White lead 109 Mayer & Lowenstein Varnish 35 Mehlin Family Oil Works Oil packing , 14 Mercury Motor Co Gasoline motors 10 Metal Stamping Co Carriage and auto hardware 171 Metropolitan Electric Mfg. Co Switchboards and electrical apparatus 134 Meyers, W. F Diamond saws and stone cutting machinery 27 Migel, M. C, & Co Silks 169 Miller, E., & Sons, Inc Cut stone 28 Mitred Box Co Paper boxes '. 61 Mitred Box Co Pulp composition dolls 31 Moore, Benj Bakery 38 Morrison, D. G Cut stone .'.'.' 21 Morrison, Marie Dry cleaning 41 National Bridge Works Structural iron work ] 46 28 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. ^A$-i ' > i i * I > t . I National Sugar Refining Co., Long Island City. One of the Largest, Most Modern and Efficient Plants in the World. No. of Name Product Manufactured Employees National Indicator Co Train indicators 14 National Sugar Refining Co. of N. J Sugar refining 633 Neary, Peter, & Son Co Granite cutting and polishing 22 Needham, A. W Machinery 17 Neptune Meter Co Water meters 360 New Amsterdam Gas Co Gas 209 New York Architectural Terra Cotta Co Terra cotta 377 New York Asbestos Mfg. Co .\sbestos pipe covering 10 New York Lead Wool Co Lead wool 14 New York & Queens Electric Light & Power Co. .Electricity 45 North American Metaline Co Metal bearings 18 Oakes Mfg. Co Dye stuffs 40 Oakley Foundry & Engineering Co Steel castings 10 O'Rourke Engineering Construction Co Machinery 12 Packard Motor Car Co. of N. Y Auto repairing 200 Palmer & Singer Mfg. Co Automobiles 118 Pennsylvania R. R. Co Electricity 130 Pennsylvania R. R. Co Electricity 29 Pennsylvania R. R. Co Car and locomotive repairing 178 Piel, G., Co Automobile horns 47 Pirkl, John. Foundry Co Iron castings 89 Polachek, John, Bridge & Iron Co Architectural bronze work 46 Pratt & Lambert Varnish 12 Prest-0-Lite Co Carbide gas 16 Oueensboro Brass & Bronze -Foundry Brass, bronze and aluminum castings 12 Ravenswood Co Alarble cutting 137 Ravenswood Paper Mill Co Paper 45 Rubber Stopple Co Rtibber stoppers 31 Russell Foundry & Machine Works Machinery 10 Schmid, Julius Skins for bottle tops 48 Sexauer & Lempke, Inc Structural iron work 110 Shuttleworth, Edwin Co Marble and cut stone 53 Simplex Automobile Co Auto repairing 64 Smith, Edward, & Co Varnish and paint 45 Sohmer & Co Pianos 250 Standard Oil Co. of N. Y Boat repairing 85 Standard Oil Co. of N. Y Paint ' 28 Standard Oil Co. of N. Y Tin cans 294 Standard Oil Co. of N. Y Lubricating oils 703 Standard Oil Co. of N. Y Oil " 667 Star, Long Island, Publishing Co Printing 36 Star Ribbon Mfg. Co Silk ribbons 273 Stein-Davies Co Starch products 12 Steinway & Sons Pianos 417 Steinway & Sons Pianos 589 Stewart, J. H Structural iron work 12 Steubner, G. L., Iron Works Dumping btickets and cars SO Sulzberger & Sons Co Pickling sheepskins 16 Sweeney & Gray Machinery 10 Thibault & Walker Co Varnish 18 Thomson, John. Press Co Printing presses 82 Tisdale Lumber Co Woodwork 92 Toch Brothers Varnish and paint 38 Traitel Marble Co Marble cutting and polishing Ill Universal Electric Welding Co Machinery 18 Van Iderstine Co Tallow, glue and bone products 101 Voska, Foelsch & Sidlo Marble cutting and polishing 40 Ward's Dry Dock Boats 26 Wagner, Julius, Machine Works Machinery 15 Weissberg-Baer Co Woodwork 156 Welin, Davit & Lane & Degroot Co Life boats 38 West Disinfecting Co Disinfectants 98 Wild, Joseph, & Co.'s Astoria Carpet Mills Rugs 66 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 29 SoHMER Piano Co., Long Island City (Astoria) No. of Name Product Manufactured Employees Willey, C. A., Co \^arnish and colors 14 Williamson, D. D Sulphur and malt coloring 14 Wilson, W. D., Printing Ink Co Printing ink 13 Wotherspoon Plaster Mills Plaster of Paris 104 Wranek, Frank Pearl buttons 21 Young & Metzner Jute bags 91 133 small factories 498 Maspeth. Adler's Monument & Granite Works Granite and marble cutting and polishing 100 Apmann & Meyer Bread 19 Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co Car repairing 24 Gating, James Hope 20 Gleason-Tiebout Glass Co Globes 157 Hardenburgh, Mrs. James Pants 14 Hardy, Voorhees & Co Woodwork 161 Jacobs, S.) & Sons Hotbed sash 23 Kneip, Mary Pants 10 Maryanov, Harry Overalls 38 Merrill Brothers Machinery 39 Metropolitan Dairy Co Bottled milk 11 National Corrugated Paper & Box Co Paper boxes 15 Pelletier, Napoleon Tin cans 17 Quezal Art Glass & Decorating Co Glass novelties 21 Reich, Valentine E Hotbed sash 10 Richey, Browne & Donald, Inc .Structural and ornamental bronze and iron work. . . 287 Stiner, Mrs. A. Pants 13 18 small factories 61 Middle Village. Dubinsky. Isaac Wrappers 25 1 small factory 3 Morris Park. Long Island R. R. Co Car and locomotive repairing 781 7 small factories 17 North Beach. 2 small factories 6 Ozone Park. Gillespie, Earl A Woodwork 12 Werbin & Shedlin Brothers Shirts 26 8 small factories 19 Queens. Callister, Thos Wagons 35 1 small factory 6 Richmond Hill. DeMuth, Wm., & Co Tobacco pipes 542 Haugaard, W. C, Co Woodwork 22 Keiner- Williams Stamping Co Milk cans and soda water tanks 123 Reed, A. L.. Co Fancy leather goods and novelties 19 Richmond Hill Foundry Co Iron castings 38 28 small factories 87 30 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Name Basch, Herman, & Co - _ Cathrein Mfg. Co Leather goods Concord Construction Co Iron work .. Germania Cornice Works Co >kyliglits and cornices Irving Knitting Mill Sweaters Muller Paper Goods Co Paper novelties Poll, George, & Co Metal furniture Rustmann, John Bread Schoenberger, John Coats Sprower. F., Brush Mfg. Co Brushes Standard Knitting Mills Co Underwear No. of Product Manufactured Employees Ridgci^'ood Heights. . Fur dyeing 40 10 27 15 52 15 26 13 27 22 ^ _ 364 51 small factories • HI Rockaway Beach. Arverne Hygeia Ice Co Ice 22 Crabbe, Charles, Co. ..... .^ House trim 34 10 85 Herschman-Bleier-Edelstein Co Bakery Jamaica Bay Mfg. Co Ice Lechtman Laundry Co Laundering Car repairing 13 15 Long Island R. R. Co. Oueens Borough Gas & Electric Light Co Gas Rockaway Baking Co Bakery 43 2 1 small factories 79 Rosedale. 1 small factory 5 South Osone. 2 small factories 3 Union Course. Bredt, F., & Co Chemicals 16 Forest Park Hygeia Ice Co Ice 14 Hammerly, Richard Embroideries 21 12 small factories 25 ]]'hitestone. Lackner, John, Co Paper novelties 21 Long Island R. R. Co Boat repairing 69 Trilsch, Oscar. Co Jewelry cases 48 6 small factories 1 1 Winfield. Albrecht, F. A Pearl buttons 23 Albrecht Brothers Pearl buttons 39 Manhattan Fireproof Door Co Metalic house trim 108 Moisant International Aviators' Co Aeroplanes 10 Schwanda, Benedict Pearl buttons 48 Sibak, Albert Pearl buttons 17 Wagner, Vincent Pearl buttons 22 Wagner, William Pearl buttons 16 6 small factories 16 Woodhaven. Druckerman, L. & M Bqnnaz embroideries 32 Lalance & Grosjean Mfg. Co Enameled ware 1407 Nusbaum, D., & Co Knit underwear 82 Spear & Co Caps 295 13 small factories 36 Woodside. New York & Queens County Ry. Co Car repairing 124 5 small factories 14 Lalance & Grojean Mfg. Co., Woodhaven. Manufacturers of Agate Nickel-Steel Ware. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 31 Queens Borough to Realize Immediate Bene- fit from Gigantic Dual Subway System of New York City Now Rapidly Nearing Completion HE most important improvement today in the Borough of Queens is the early completion and operation of all the rapid transit extensions into the Borough that are included in the Dual Subway System. This great system of rapid transit, adopted by the Board of Estimate and the Public Service Commission on March 19, 1913, will prove of inestimable value to the Borough of Queens both for its future development and the convenience of its riding public. It includes both the elevated and subway lines of the Interborough Rapid Transit Co. and Elevated Extension to Astoria, Showing Station at Beebe Ave., Near Jackson Ave. Taken April 12, 1914. Photo M ^^ p^ ■■' 'k llir^ M M^ gun t;., 1 w^ M ^PIhI^s&sl, m /' 1 ^' r--'4 mm 1 '''■■■Hi •M¥ ^ . \mM ^ ■BBfei^^''^ Y M n ^'1 Wl"i I ■ Elevated Construction on Roosevelt Ave. Route Through Elmhurst and Corona. Taken November 8, 1914. Photo STAT E N TTtta-n-d NEfl INTERBOROUSH UHCS HEW B.R.T. LimS ZONG ISLAND R.R. Map Showing Both the Rapid Transit Extensions of the Dual Subway System and the Electrified Lines of the Long Island Railroad in Queens Borough. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 33 the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co., and will comprise not only the 295 miles of existing trackage of these two companies, but 324 miles of new con- struction, or a total of 620 miles of single track. The value of the en- tire system, including the estimated cost and equipment, will be over $500,000,000. All of this gigantic system will be at the disposal of Queens Borough for a five-cent fare. The following tabulation gives a list of the extensions from Man- hattan and Brooklyn into various sections of the Borough of Queens, which are included in the Dual Subway System. For the purpose of clear- ness these lines are divided into two groups, viz. : "Group A." — Extensions into the First and Second Wards from Manhattan which will connect with the Transfer Station on the Bridge Plaza, Long Island City. "Group B." — Extensions into the Second and Fourth Wards from Brooklyn to be operated by the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co. Line Steinway Tunnel from Grand Central Station to Long Island City Extension of Steinway Tun- nel to Queensboro Bridge Plaza, Long Island City. . Broadway-59th Street Line from 7th Avenue across East River to Long Island City Extension of 2nd Avenue "L," Manhattan, across East River to Long Island City Astoria Line from Bridge Plaza northerly through 2nd Avenue to Ditmars Avenue Woodside and Corona Ex- tension easterly from Bridge Plaza over Queens Boulevard, Greenpoint Avenue and Roosevelt Avenue to Elmhurst and Corona Extension from Cypress Hills, Brooklyn, over Ja- maica Avenue to Grand Street, Jamaica Extension from City Line, Brooklyn, over Liberty Avenue to Lefferts Ave- nue, Richmond Hill Myrtle Avenue Extension to Lutheran Cemetery, Ridgewood 3 Type of No. of Construction Miles Tracks Operated by Group A. Subway Elevated L60 2 Interboro R. T. Co. 0.89 2 Interboro R. T. Co. Subway & Elev. 2.23 2 Brooklyn R. T. Co. Elevated Elevated L64 2 Interboro R. T. Co. 2.51 3 I. R. T. & B. R. T. Co. Elevated Group B. Elevated Elevated Elevated 5.48 3 I. R. T. & B. R. T. Co. 4.44 3 Brooklyn R. T. Co. 2.16 3 Brooklyn R. T. Co. 1.00 2 Brooklyn R. T. Co. 34 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. CONTRACTS AWARDED TO DATE. The following table gives a list of the contracts which have been let to January 1, 1915, for construction of extensions in Queens, and con- nections for same In Manhattan: (Group A.) Per Cent. Time to Completed Line Contract Deli'vered Contractor Amount Complete Feb. 1, 1915 1. Extension of Steinway Rapid Transit Tunnel to Grand Cen- Subway Con- tral Station Dec. 2,1914 struction Co. $3,097,312 28 months 3 Rapid Transit 2. Steinway Tunnel Re- Subway Con- construction April 13, 1914 struction Co. $383,910 9 months 85 3. Extension of Steinway Tunnel to Queensboro Degnon Con- Bridge Plaza Dec. 31,1913 tracting Co. $557,856 18 months 43 4. Bridge Plaza Transfer Station Oct. 7,1913 Snare & Triest $884,859 24 months 51 5. Astoria Extension ... Mar. 11,1913 Cooper & Evans $860,743 18 months 100 6. Extension to Wood- E. E. Smith side and Corona Mar. 11, 1913 Contracting Co. $2,063,588 18 months 86 (Group B.) 7. Liberty Avenue Ex- tension Feb. 9, 1914 Phoenix Bridge Co. $707,661 12 months 89 8. Myrtle Avenue Exten- F. W. Burnham sion to Ridgewood... Feb. 27, 1914 and Others $500,000 5 months 100 Great Benefit to Queens. When all of these rapid transit extensions are completed and In operation a majority of the residents of the Borough will be able to travel from their homes to not only the business districts in Manhattan, but to all sections of the five boroughs of New York City, conveniently, rapidly, and for a five-cent fare. While It Is expected that the whole system will be In operation In the year 1917, it is also Intended that parts of the system will be put in operation from time to time as fast as completed, so that long before the time set for complete operation Queens will secure im- mediate use of a large part of the Dual Subway System. It is almost Impossible to exaggerate the effect of this improvement on Queens Borough. Since the operation of the present subway com- menced In 1904 passengers have been able to travel from Brooklyn and lower Manhattan to the most northerly points In Manhattan and the Bronx — a distance from 10 to 17 miles — for five cents, resulting In the construction of hundreds of new apartment buildings, the establishment of thousands of new homes, as well as a remarkable Increase in realty values in these districts, which had been largely undeveloped land previous to the operation of rapid transit lines Into them. But right across the East River, only a mile or two from the heart of the business section of Man- Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 35 hattan, Queens was without adequate transit facilities, and had no con- nection whatever with the rapid transit lines of the city. Its only rail connection was by trolley cars, requiring in most cases an additional fare to reach the desired destinations in the business or shopping sections; or by the trains of the Long Island Railroad, which was still more expensive. The progress of the Borough, despite this lack of cheaper transit facil- ities has been remarkable. What it will be in the next 10 years, with transit facilities equal, and in many cases superior, to every other section of New York City, will surprise even the most confident. Today Queens is on the threshold of the most wonderful development that has ever occurred in any part of New York City, or for that matter, in any city of the world. These rapid transit extensions into Queens will serve as an outlet for the expansion of the congested population of Manhattan into the thou- sands of acres of undeveloped land in all parts of the Borough and will make cheaper homes with plenty of light and air more accessible for those w^ho are employed in Manhattan and Brooklyn. Transit Centers. With the present and proposed rapid transit facilities, there will be three important transit centers in the Borough, as follows : A — Queenshoro Bridge Plaza, Long Island City. From this point, which will be a very important transit center and transfer point, rapid transit lines will radiate in all directions. (1) To the north, a three-track elevated line through Jackson Avenue to Second Avenue to Ditmars Avenue, Astoria, to be operated jointly by the Interborough and the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Companies. Astoria will be only 13 minutes from Grand Central Station. (2) To the east, across Diagonal Street and over the Sunnyside Yards to, Thomson Avenue and Greenpoint Avenue to Woodside, and Roosevelt Avenue to Elmhurst and Corona, a three-track line, to be operated jointly by the Interborough and the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Companies. This line will be continued out Roosevelt Avenue from Corona Into Flushing and Bayslde. Corona and Elmhurst will be IS to 18 minutes from Grand Central Station. (3) To the south will be the extension of the Stelnway Tunnel from its mouth at Van Alst and 4th Street, to be operated by the Interborough in connection with the present and proposed subways In Manhattan. Also the proposed extension of the elevated lines of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co., known as the Queensboro Bridge-Crosstown line, will run southward 36 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. from the Bridge Plaza, connecting with all the elevated lines in Brooklyn, and giving a direct north and south route to Coney Island. (4) To the west, across the East River into Manhattan will operate the trains of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit, connecting with the 59th Street, 7th Avenue and Broadway Subways, and also the extension of the 2nd Avenue elevated line of the Interborough. The station on the Bridge Plaza will be 480 feet long, with two levels, each having four tracks, or eight tracks in all. The lower level of the station will be for trains to Manhattan, while the upper level will be for trains to Astoria, Corona, and to Brooklyn. The north platforms on both decks will be for Brooklyn Rapid Transit trains, while the south platforms on both decks will be for the Steinway Tunnel and Second Avenue trains of the Interborough. The station will have entrances on North and South Jane Streets, at Crescent and Prospect Streets. The entrances will lead to a mezzanine floor and above will be the two levels of the station, all trains on the same deck going in the same direction. The express running time from this station through the Steinway Tunnel to the Grand Central Station on the present subway will be ap- proximately six minutes, or less than it now takes to go from Borough Hall, Brooklyn, to Park Row, New York. B — Jamaica, L. I. While the entire Fourth W^ard will receive great benefit from the rapid transit extensions through Woodhaven, Ozone Park, Morris Park, and Richmond Hill, Jamaica will become a greater transit center than ever. It is now the railroad center of Long Island and is also a great trolley center. With the completion of the third tracking of the Broadway and Fulton Street elevated lines in Brooklyn, and the construction of the ex- tensions from the City Line (Brooklyn) over Liberty Avenue to Lef- ferts Avenue, Richmond Hill, and from Cypress Hills (Brooklyn) over Jamaica Avenue to Grand Street, Jamaica, this entire section will be brought from 15 to 30 minutes nearer Manhattan for a five-cent fare than is possible at present. Trains operating over these elevated lines will enter Manhattan across the Brooklyn, Manhattan and Williamsburg Bridges and Into the Centre Street loop, and also through the new Brooklyn Rapid Transit Tunnel under the East River at the Battery. This will give to all the central and southern portions of Queens Borough rapid transit facilities equal to those of any other section of the city. The running time from Jamaica to Park Row will be 34 minutes; from Richmond Hill, 29 min- utes; from Morris Park, 28 minutes, and from Woodhaven and Ozone Park, 25 minutes. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 37 C — JVoodside, L. I. At the intersection of Roosevelt Avenue and the six tracks of the Long Island Railroad there will be a joint transfer station that will be of the utmost importance to all Long Island. Passengers coming from any division of the Long Island Railroad, whether the North Shore, the Main Line, the Montauk Division, or the Rockaway Divisions, will be able to transfer directly at this point to the elevated lines of both the Inter- borough and the Brooklyn Rapid Transit, connecting with the Queens- boro Bridge Plaza and the Steinway Tunnel. In other words, all Long Island Railroad passengers will have at their disposal the whole of the city's comprehensive transit system for a five-cent fare from Woodside. The accompanying perspective sketch, prepared by the Public Ser- vice Commission, shows the joint station layout at Woodside. The ele- vated railroad tracks and platforms are on the highest level and the Long Island Railroad tracks and platforms on the lowest level. Between these two levels Is a mezzanine floor to facilitate the transfer of passengers from the railroad to the elevated lines or vice versa. Jamaica Avenue Extension. This extension has been completely legalized by property owners' consents and plans have been prepared by the Public Service Commission and the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co. for Its Immediate construction. The Public Service Commission has approved the plans for the construction of the first section, extending from Cypress Hills to Richmond Hill, and work has now been started on this extension. The balance of the ex- 38 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Hudson Street Station on Liberty Ave. Elevated Extension. Photo Taken December 10, 1914. tension, from Richmond Hill to Jamaica, will be constructed just as soon as the topographical map has been amended, so that the street width of Jamaica Avenue is definitely fixed. Operation of trains over the extensions on Jamaica Avenue and Liberty Avenue will commence just as soon as the construction work is completed and the stations are finished. Operation on the Myrtle Ave- nue extension to the Lutheran Cemetery started on February 22, 1915. Flushing-Bayside Extension. The elevated extension from Long Island City through Woodside, Elmhurst and Corona, included in the Dual Subway Contracts, extends only to Sycamore Avenue, Corona. It is proposed, however, to operate an extension from that point through Flushing to Bayside, and the Public Service Commission, on April 22, 1913, adopted the "Flushing-Bayside Route." This was approved by the Board of Estimate on June 12, 1913, and property owners' consents have been obtained to complete its legali- zation. It is expected that the construction of this extension as far as Main Street, Flushing, will be made within the next two years, and later to Bayside, Steinway Tunnel, The first rapid transit line to be operated from Manhattan into Queens Borough will be the Steinway Tunnel. Temporary operation of a shuttle service will start during the spring of 1915, according to assurances received from both the Public Service Commission and the Interborough Rapid Transit Co. The contract for the reconstruction of the tunnel includes a provision for temporary operation of trains from its present terminus in Long Island City (Van Alst Avenue and 4th Street) to its present terminus in Manhattan (between Lexington and Third Avenues), where transfer Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 39 privilege will be granted without payment of an additional fare to the subway station at Grand Central Station. The contract for the construction of the extension of the tunnel, from its present terminus in Manhattan to Grand Central Station, is now under way, and it is expected that within a year trains will operate direct to that point, doing away with the necessity for transfers. Also by that time it is expected that trains will be in operation in Long Island City to the Bridge Plaza station, and over the extensions to Astoria and Corona. The Long Island Railroad has completed a new station at the mouth of the Steinway Tunnel in Long Island City, and upon operation of shut- tle service through the tunnel, passengers coming from New York can transfer at that point direct to the electric trains of the Long Island Railroad, and be taken to any part of the Borough of Queens or Long Island. Reconstruction Work at Mouth of Steinway Tunnel in Long Island City. Taken June 6, 1914. Photo Rapid Transit Map. The Rapid Transit Map, issued as a supplement to this book, shows very clearly, in different colors, the three separate systems of rapid transit included in the Dual Subway System. The map effectively demonstrates how Queens Borough will have the benefit of all three systems of rapid transit, which neither Brooklyn nor the Bronx will receive, as the Brook- lyn Rapid Transit System does not extend north of 59th Street, Man- hattan, and the Interborough elevated lines do not reach Brooklyn. The map also shows how the Astoria and Corona extensions will be operated jointly by the Brooklyn Rapid Transit and Interborough Rapid Transit Companies. In addition, the map clearly indicates that, in point of time, a greater portion of the Borough will be nearer the heart of Manhattan than either the Boroughs of Brooklyn or the Bronx. 40 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. TUNNEL UNDER EAST RIVER AT 60TH STREET. The Dual Subway Contracts provided for carrying both the Interboro Second Avenue elevated trains and the subway trains of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Broadway-59th Street line across the Queensboro Bridge to connect with the transfer station on the Bridge Plaza in Long Island City. When it was realized that the proposed arrangement for carrying these trains across the Bridge would result In a serious reduction in the present vehicular roadway width of 52 feet, the Queens Chamber of Commerce urged that a new plan be prepared to provide for additional roadway space on the upper level to compensate for any pro- posed reduction of the present roadway, for up to that time the only plans presented for the construction of a tunnel would have necessitated an entire rearrangement of the transit system In Queens and caused a serious delay In the operation of trains. The Bridge Department then prepared a plan for bringing the trains across the Bridge which included two separate vehicular roadways of 26 feet in width, one on each level. Under that plan, the southerly half of the upper level would be used for the operation of the Interboro Second Avenue elevated trains and the northerly half of the present roadway to be used for the operation of the subway trains of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company. The Degnon Contracting Co., however, presented a plan in Decem- ber, 1914, for building two tunnels under the East River, north of the Queensboro Bridge, for the operation of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit sub- way trains. The advantages of this plan are that It leaves the present wide roadway for vehicles Intact; it does not necessitate any rearrangement of the transit lines In Queens; nor interfere with the early inauguration of rapid transit service of trains from the Steinway Tunnel, and the Second Avenue "L," through the passenger station on the Bridge Plaza and over the extensions to Astoria and Corona. The Board of Estimate, on February 19th, 1915, officially approved the tunnel method of bringing the Brooklyn Rapid Transit trains across the East River, and have requested the Public Service Commission to draft a bill for submission to the legislature authorizing the tunnel. Un- der the law, the Public Service Commission has the power to Initiate all rapid transit matters and will have to formally adopt this new plan before the Board of Estimate can appropriate the necessary money for the work. On March 5th the Board of Estimate ordered plans prepared Immediately for the operation of the Second Avenue "L" trains across the Bridge on the southerly side of the upper level. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 41 Stations on Nezv Lines. Approximate Location Station of Platform Steinivay Tunnel Grand Central (Manh.) Centered on Lexington Ave. Vernon-Jackson Aves Centered between Vernon and Jackson Aves. Hunters Point Ave Centered between 4th St. and Hunters Point Ave. Ely Ave Centered on 12th St. Queensboro Plaza Express Centered between Crescent and Prospect Sts. '^ Woodside and Corona Line Rawson St Centered between Rawson and Moore Sts. Lowery St Centered on Lowery St. Bliss St Centered between Bliss and Carolln Sts. Lincoln Ave Centered between Lincoln and Grout Aves. Woodside, Ex Centered between 8th St. and Poe Place Broadway Centered on Broadway 25th St Centered on 25th St. Elmhurst Ave Centered between 32nd and 34th Sts. Junction Ave., Ex Centered on Junction Ave. Alburtis Ave Centered between Alburtis ~-~~ Ave. and 46th St. Astoria Line Beebe Ave Centered on Beebe Ave. Washington Ave Centered on Washington Ave. Broadway Centered on Broadway Grand Ave Centered on Grand Ave. Hoyt Ave., Ex Centered at Hoyt and Flush- ing Aves. Ditmars Ave Centered between Ditmars and Potter Aves. Approximate Location of Entrances Between Park and Lexington Aves. Jackson Ave. 4th St. and Hunters Point Ave. 12th St. and Jackson Ave. Prospect and Crescent Sts. Rawson and Moore Sts. Lowery St. Bliss and Carolin Sts. Lincoln and Grout Aves. 8th St., L. L R. R. Broadway 25th St. Elmhurst Ave. Junction Ave. Between 46th St. and Alburtis Ave. Beebe Ave. Washington Ave. Broadway Grand Ave. Hoyt Ave. Between Ditmars and Potter Aves. The following are the stations of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit system from Brooklyn into the Second and Fourth Wards of Queens: Liberty Avenue Line Hudson Street Boyd Avenue Rockaway Boulevard Oxford Avenue Greenwood Avenue Lefferts Avenue Myrtle Avenue Extension to Lutheran Cemetery Seneca Avenue Forest Avenue Fresh Pond Road Lutheran Cemetery Jamaica Avenue Extension. Section I (Crescent St. to Myrtle Ave.) Tentatively located. Not named . Between Crescent and R. R. Ave. " Eldert and Eads Ave. " Forest Parkway and Serry St. " Woodhaven Ave. and Manor Ave. " Freedom Ave. and Oxford St. " Greenwood Av. and Stoothoff Av. Section II (Myrtle Ave. to Grand St.) Not located . The following suggested : Spruce' St., Richmond Hill Metropolitan Ave., Richmond Hill Queens Boulevard, Jamaica Branford St., Jamaica Underbill Ave., Jamaica Bergen Ave., Jamaica 42 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Trolley Lines ROBABLY no other Borough in New York City has depended more in the past on a trolley system of trans- portation for its upbuilding than has Queens Borough. With trolley lines radiating to all parts of the Borough, and connecting many widely separated communities, Queens began to grow to its present importance. The most important addition to the trolley facilities of the Borough during the past two years was the completion of the line of the Man- hattan & Queens Traction Corporation from Long Island City to Jamaica. This line, which operates from Second Avenue, Manhattan, across the Queensboro Bridge and over Queens Boulevard to Jamaica, giving a five- cent fare for a distance of over 10 miles, was put in operation as far as Winfield in January, 1913, and to the new Long Island Railroad station in Jamaica in January, 1914. Modern, side-door passenger cars, which make this trip in about 45 minutes, have made accessible for greater home development thousands of acres of land through the center of the Borough which formerly had no transit except one or two stations on the main line of the Long Island Railroad. A great building movement has been stim- ulated along the entire length of this new trolley as a result of a five-cent fare from Jamaica to Manhattan. The line will be continued south from Jamaica through St. Albans, and over Central Avenue to the Nassau County line. The operation of the cars of the Third Avenue Railroad Co. from Manhattan across the Queensboro Bridge has been a great boon to the industrial development of Long Island City, as it has made available the great labor supply of Manhattan and the Bronx at a five-cent fare for the many factories which have located in the vicinity of the Bridge Plaza. Passengers are carried on this line from Long Island City across the Queensboro Bridge down Third Avenue to Park Row, or northward to the Bronx, and crosstown on 42nd Street to the North River. Jamaica has become a very important trolley center of the Borough and passengers can travel from that point to Park Row, Manhattan, for a five-cent fare either entirely by trolley or by transfer to the elevated line of the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co. at Cypress Hills; also, via Flush- ing and Long Island City across the Queensboro Bridge to Second Avenue. Plans have been prepared for a new double track electric trolley line which will run from the terminus of the rapid transit elevated line at Corona to the present terminus of the Motor Parkway at Rockaway Hill Road. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 43 .^'^T^^SKk^^ fcfi^^l-31 ^ P^i^'iH^ -- ^j^ «*^^M"I«W2S«S^ Bi-^ m^m-J\ "fl^^^^H iy Side Door Car Operated by Manhattan & Queens Traction Corporation on Queens Boulevard; Station on Elevated Railroad, Showing Concrete Form of Construction. Photo Taken February, 1915. The following table shows the growth of street railway traffic on lines operating in Queens from 1898 to 1914: Year 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 No. of Fares Collected 9,128,804 9,472,460 11,441,751 11,564,062 13,564,062 15,689,210 16,701,653 20,533,487 25,151,054 28,514,743 29,797,750 30,545,776 34,430,074 42,522,485 45,182,732 47,463,382 49,973,696 Annual Increase 343,656 1,969,291 122,311 2,155,325 1,969,823 1,012,443 3,831,834 4,617,567 3,363,689 1,283,007 748,026 3,884,298 8,092,411 2,660,247 2,280,650 2,510,314 Per Cent Increase 3.7 20.8 1.1 18.6 14.4 6.5 22.9 22.5 13.4 4.5 2.5 12.7 23.4 6.2 5.0 5.3 The following table gives the traffic on the various trolley com- panies operating all or in part of the Borough of Queens, for the past three years, but does not include the traffic on the various trolley lines operated by the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co., such as the line on Jamaica Avenue from Cypress Hills to Jamaica, which carries over a million pas- sengers a month : Length of Railroad Route (Miles) 1— New York & Queens Co. Rv 75.35 2 — New York & Long Island Tract. Co.. . 41.31 3— Long Island Elec. Ry. Co 26.56 4 — New York & North Shore Tract. Co... 3 7. 68 5— Ocean Elec. Ry. Co 8.59 6 — Manhattan & Queens Tract. Corp 17.29 Total 206.78 No. of Fare Passengers for Year Ending June 30 1912 1913 1914 25,450,728 26,950,656 26,744,147 7,834,539 8,040,320 8,088,288 3,826,087 4,084,666 4,367,692 2,755,140 2,761,466 2,878,546 2,647,904 2,876,607 3,171,551 2,668,334 2,753,299 4,723,472 45,182,732 47,467,014 49,973,696 44 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Residential Advantages HE natural advantages of Queens are so great that it is rapidly outstripping the other Boroughs of New York City in residential and general development. It lies near- est the center of activities of the biggest city in the United States, for, striking a ten-mile radius from Herald Square in Manhattan, more of the H? square miles of the Borough of Queens would be included in that circle than of any other Borough of New York City. The accessibility of homes in the Borough of Queens for the workers of Manhattan and Brooklyn, and the great industrial growth within the Borough, has produced the wonderful development of the past few years. The electrification of the Atlantic Avenue Division of the Long Island Railroad, coupled with the extension of the subway from the Battery, in Manhattan, to Flatbush Avenue Station, Brooklyn; the opening of the Queensboro Bridge in 1909; the opening of the Pennsylvania Station in 1910, and the inauguration of electric service of the Long Island Railroad to that Station; the many miles of new trolley lines which have been built, have all combined to bring a greater portion of the Borough of Queens within a few minutes of the business sections of Manhattan and Brooklyn. For one who loves the soil and grass or who cherishes the trees and pure air, a new life is opened. Ten minutes after boarding a modern electric train of the Long Island Railroad at the new Pennsylvania Station, one finds himself looking out upon neat suburban homes and gardens, re- freshing the eyes wearied of the city with its scenes of rush and bustle, and its monotonous stretches of brick and stone. Art and architecture, com- bined with nature and transportation, are rendering all portions of the Borough of Queens the most attractive residential section of New York City. With every natural advantage of diversified country, of cheap, rapid and comfortable transit facilities, an ideal climate, attractive surround- ings and moderate priced land values, with its refined and cultured popu- lation, with its schools, churches and clubs among the best in the country, the Borough of Queens offers the home seeker all that can be desired. Here one can find the joys of golf, fishing, boating, and all other outdoor games, as well as the delightful summer resorts on the Atlantic Ocean and Long Island Sound. Queens Will Make Round City. The most eflicient city from a residential, commercial, industrial and social standpoint is a "Round City," or one that has grown equally In Types of Dwellings. Jamaica Broadway- Flushing Jamaica Hillcrest douglaston Kew Gardens Forest Hills Gardens 46 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. all directions from the business center. For generations New York City has suffered all the evils of congested population due to its narrowness, and the barriers of the East and North Rivers prevented the spreading of population. The average density of population in Manhattan today is 180 persons to the acre, whereas the average in Queens is only 5 per- sons to an acre. With thousands of acres of land still undeveloped, there is every opportunity in Queens for the population of the city to spread out. With hill and dale, woodland and open field, all the advantages of a home in the country are still available within the biggest Borough — combined with the facilities for reaching the office or workshop in sur- prisingly short time. The first step toward rounding out the city was the opening of the bridges and tunnel to Brooklyn, resulting in the doubling of population in that Borough during the past twenty years. The complete rounding out of the city, however, will be during the next ten years in the Borough of Queens. The opening of the Queensboro Bridge, and electric train service from both Brooklyn and Manhattan, have already removed the East River as a barrier to its growth; and now the opening of the Stein- way Tunnel under the East River from 42nd Street, the operation of the Second Avenue elevated trains across the Queensboro Bridge, and the new Brooklyn Rapid Transit subway across the East River at 59th Street Scene, Richmond Hill. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 47 Street, and the two elevated extensions from Brooklyn to Jamaica, will add such facilities for home seekers that it can be safely predicted that within the next five to ten years there will be a complete transformation of all the Borough of Queens lying within 10 miles of the East River. Long Island Railroad Service. The admirable, silent, swift and smokeless trains of the electrified Long Island Railroad give unequalled service to all parts of the Borough. With the rapid transit elevated extensions from both Brooklyn and Man- hattan supplementing these facilities and giving a five-cent fare to every part of New York, Queens will not only be on an equal basis with every other part of the city, but will have facilities far superior to those en- joyed by the other Boroughs. When it is realized that residents of a greater portion of the Borough can reach the business, shopping and theatrical centers of Manhattan in less time than residents of the Bronx, Brooklyn, and some portions of Manhattan, the transformation which is taking place will not seem remarkable. South Ave., East From Broadway, Far Rockaway. Influence of Industrial Development. One of the most important factors now stimulating the residential growth of Queens is the marvelous increase in modern factory construc- tion throughout the Borough. Every new industry radiates its in- fluence to every nook and corner of the Borough. Long Island City, with its waterfront, as well as rail facilities, is becoming the great manufac- turing center of New York City, and every new manufacturing concern locating there, or in other parts of the Borough, requires new homes for 48 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. all classes of employees. For instance, the 532 employees, who live in Queens, of five new industries recently located in Long Island City, were distributed as follows: Long Island City, 186; Astoria, 193; Elmhurst, 33; Woodside, 17; Winfield, 11; Corona, 38; Flushing, 34; Maspeth, 13; Jamaica, 5 ; College Point, 3 ; Bayside, 1 ; Forest Park, 1 ; Rockaway, 1 ; Richmond Hill, 4; Whitestone, 1; Woodhaven, 1. A gigantic pent-up metropolis, through the aid of bridges and transit, has burst its bonds, and a deluge of trade and population is pouring into Queens. The construction of immense plants is drawing masses of workers from all parts of the country, who must be housed and fed and supplied with living necessities, thus creating demands for new and more local forms of business. It means homes must be scattered through all the adjacent suburban districts where land is cheap and transit good. Demand For Houses and Apartments. Statistics were recently compiled by the Chamber to show the number of employees, and their residences, in the factories in Long Island City, and also for similar establishments in Woodhaven, Jamaica, Richmond Hill, College Point, etc. The object of the compilation was to secure informa- tion as to whether or not Queens furnishes an attractive field for prospective builders. The results demonstrated the necessity for a greater construc- tion of homes of all types. In 24 factories in Long Island City only 54 per cent of the employees lived in Queens, 14 per cent in Manhattan, 28 per cent in Brooklyn and 4 per cent in other parts of the city. Figures of employees in factories in other sections of the Borough showed sim- ilar results. A striking illustration of this fact is shown by the figures giving the location of the homes of the employees of just one new big industry, the Loose-Wiles Biscuit Company, recently located in Long Island City. In January, 1915, this factory had 1,038 employees, 487 of whom lived in the Borough of Queens, 312 in Brooklyn, and 211 in Manhattan. With additional housing facilities a greater proportion of the employees would live in Queens. The homes of the 487 employees living in Queens were distributed as follows: Elmhurst 13 Flushing 6 Woodside 12 Laurel Hill 11 Maspeth 49 L. I. City 86 Corona 39 Astoria 162 Winfield 5 Dutch Kills 48 Jamaica 15 Miscellaneous 6 College Point 35 With this Information in mind, as well as the fact that new Industries with hundreds of employees are being established in Queens each week, it Is evident that the Borough of Queens offers the most attractive field 1 1 i i 1 ) i I ■' ^ , I 1 1 ' » ' , , 1 ,«i ill la • ti li i^ i.s ""i J ■' ' .i, f I i ,1 fr' iJ ii p F I '•! S If k Ik I I. E I. ll 1' 1 . . Ml, Apartment Houses Recently Constructed in Astoria. Types of Apartment Houses, Astoria Jackson Heights, Elmhurst Long Island City Queens 50 CpI AMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE BOROUGH OF QuEENS. for builders in New York City. In every part of the Borough apartment houses or tenements are readily rented as soon as completed. In the last two years the erection of dwellings for occupation by wage earners has failed to satisfy the demand. Homes For All. Homes are available not only for factory workers, but for men in every walk of life, homes for the salaried man and the man in moderate circumstances, as well as the fine estates and dwellings of the wealthy. Queens possesses unsurpassed attractions for all — for the man who wishes his little garden patch where his desire for farming can be gratified, or for homes in modern apartment buifdings. Queens has been designated as the home Borough of the city, and that title was given official sanction by the United States Census Bureau in a recent statement in which it was pointed out that there are 62,000 homes in the Borough, Of this number, 61,350 were urban homes, and of these, 20,909 were owned by the occupants. There are 39,639 rented urban homes in the Borough. Queens has been essentially the Borough of small homes, for land has been comparatively cheap when compared with values in Manhattan, Brooklyn and the Bronx, largely because of its isolation in the past through lack of tunnels, bridges and other methods of transit. Queens, however, is no longer isolated. Five years ago Queens hardly knew the presence of an apartment house, whereas there are hundreds In all parts of the Borough today. The official count of the Tenement House Department in 1914 showed there were 23,196 apartments in Queens, containing 92,379 rooms. This number included 776 four-room apartments, 532 five-room apartments, 224 six-room apartments, 183 seven-room apartments, and 25 eight-room apartments. Types of Homes. An Interesting feature of the realty development of Queens has been the progress in certain areas of restricted property and high-class building sections built up entirely with one-family dwellings, ranging in cost from $5,000 to $50,000 each. The occupants, who are usually the owners, have come mostly from Manhattan, desiring the privacy of a home in a detached dwelling, and securing better accommodations for the same ex- penditure of money, or equal accommodations for less money. These sections include such locations as Flushing, Jamaica, Kew Gardens, Forest Hills, Elmhurst, Corona, Whitestone, Bayside, College Point, Hollis, Queens, Richmond Hill, Woodhaven, Far Rockaway, and Rockaway Park, etc. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 51 Another development has been the phenomenal growth in the Ridge- wood, Wyckoff Heights and Glendale sections, where from 3,000 to 4,000 four, six and eight-family apartment houses have been built in the last few years. These areas are rapidly being built up solidly into brick blocks of model tenements where a family can rent a five or six-room apartment with all modern conveniences, and within 25 minutes of the downtown Manhattan office district, for $15 to $20 per month. Type of Six-Family Apartment Houses Erected in Ridgewood and Long Island City, Selected by the Tenement House Deft, of New York City to Exhibit at the Panama-Pacific Fair at San Francisco as Model Flats. In Long Island City a similar development of model tenements has been started and it is anticipated that many thousands of these homes will be constructed within the next few years. Also, in Long Island City, parts of Elmhurst, and scattered throughout the Borough, large modern apartment houses are now being erected, with apartments renting from $20 to $50 per month. Development Companies. In order to give some idea of the variety of home developments throughout the Borough the following table of some of the principal de- velopment companies has been compiled: 52 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. e) U o e< o ■ h 4^ P c o PQ (U o 53'S "^ '^5 CM >-H rt rH C> O C> O O 00000 (O O O u-i o Th" so" cT vfT irT 000 000 CD m 0> E o o ■too tH O O > o 000 000 O vn o o o o o u-1 o .M -M -l-f Cd o o o o c> o o O O C5 C> O Oi O O cc> <0 0> u^ u*i vn a. > Q 2 S 3 ''^ 10 c> c> o o ^ t^ c> o u-1 o> i-TcM cn"'-< *^ -i-i 4-1 '^ 00 1) o o o o o g^ ■ o> o <=> c> o • O (O <3 O O • t^ u-1 00 "^ O) T^ CM"i-r CM O CO O o o o o o o CM^(3> o — O O C> c> o o o O O "^ o o c> o li-i (O ^ 00 00 CO vn cnT i-T cm" O o VO o> o o O vn m CO CO 1) "Si ?d "m pq W a D o bJ) Era O s- WO bfi 3 o Q ra (73 'bb 3 O D 3 J3 o c tn dj cj en At5 IS 3 ffi m fe O ffi ffi ^ — lU ffi ffi r^ Pu ^ s >^ Jo 6 ^ h < < —: — 3 (JU Q Q W 0-2 —^ ^ <« bc s C^ CO I ^= .S o ^ W tlH fe u Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 53 u o o -- U U o ^ t' 1 ^ -w ■!-: P< ^ U -5 0-5 ts fa; < - K ^"^ o u ^S CiS p^ a rt C rt . o >-^ o X Pi ^ p< 2 > rt I- — . CM u-i o o o o o o "^o tJ- vn ^o o ■* oo ^o ^ u ^ Ji ^ ^ 6 u u bD bD Ji Ji hJ c« Pi o o & s O CO O UTi "^ O ON CM t^ o *^ . ' - - ■ ^ ' '^'"'' ' ' '"""'T^'''^ ^^^v ^&*^^'' ^^-^^ ^^ ^^h Jamaica Terminal, Showing Station Platforms. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 59 Flatbush Avenue Station, Brooklyn, Long Island Railroad. Stations — Borough of Queens. The following tables give the names of every station on the Long Island Railroad in the Borough of Queens, and also the distance of same and time of travel from either Pennsylvania Station in Manhattan or Flatbush Avenue Station in Brooklyn: ATLANTIC AVENUE DIVISION TO BROOKLYN. Distance Time Local Express Union Course 6.3 14 Woodhaven 6.7 16 Woodhaven Junction 7.2 18 13 Clarenceville 7.8 20 Morris Park 8.2 22 16 Dunton 8.7 24 Jamaica 9.2 27 18 Jamaica (Union Hall St.) 9.9 30 21 Hillside 10.6 33 Hollis 11.5 36 Bellaire 12.8 39 Queens 13.2 41 MAIN LINE TO PENN. STATION, NEW YORK. Distance Time Local Express Woodside 5.0 . . 8 Winfield 6.0 11 11 Grand Street 6.4 13 Forest Hills 8.8 15 13 Kew Gardens 9.8 17 15 Jamaica 11.3 20 18 Jamaica (Union Hall St) 11.9 25 23 Hillside 12.7 30 25 Hollis 13.6 32 28 Queens 15.3 35 31 60 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. MONTAUK DIVISION TO LONG ISLAND CITY. Distance Bushwick Junction Glendale Richmond Hill . . Jamaica 3.9 5.1 7.6 9.4 Time ocal Express 11 9 16 20 18 22 20 NORTH SHORE DIVISION TO PENN. STATION, NEW YORK. Elmhurst Corona Flushing (Bridge St.) College Point Malba Whitestone W^hitestone Landing (Beechhurst) Flushing (Main St.) Murray Hill Broadway Auburndale Bayside Douglaston Little Neck Distance 6.8 7.7 9.8 11.2 12.2 12.9 13.7 9.7 10.6 11.1 11.9 12.9 14.2 14.8 Time Local Express 13 16 13 20 23 25 27 29 22 15 25 18 28 21 30 24 33 21 36 21 38 26 FAR ROCKAWAY AND ROCKAWAY BEACH DIVISIONS. Distance Ne^v York Brooklyn Manor 10.1 Woodhaven Junction 10.5 Ozone Park 10.8 Aqueduct 12.1 Ramblersville 12.9 Goose Creek 14.6 The Raunt 15.5 Broad Channel 16.3 Hammel 17.6 Holland 17.9 Steeplechase 18.2 Seaside 18.4 Rockaway Park 19.2 *Arverne 18.4 *Edgemere 19.9 *Far Rockawav 20.9 Time ooklyn New York Brooklyn Local Exp. Local Exp. 16 15 7.2 18 17 17 14 7.5 23 20 18 15 8.8 30 19 9.6 32 20 11.2 36 26 12.2 38 28 13.0 40 31 30 28 14.2 42 33 33 30 14.6 44 36 35 32 15.0 47 39 38 34 15.1 47 39 38 34 15.9 50 42 41 37 15.0 27 26 16.5 31 30 17.5 34 33 Via Jamaica Bay Route. MONTAUK DIVISION. Distance Neiv York Brooklyn Cedar Manor 12.8 10.7 Locust Avenue 13.6 11.5 Higbie Avenue 14.6 12.5 Laurelton 15.1 13.0 Valley Stream 18.0 15.9 St. Albans 14.1 12.0 Springfield 15.3 13.2 Time Neiv Yo rk Local Exp. 30 24 32 26 34 28 35 29 32 31 31 26 36 31 Brooklyn ocal Exp. 32 27 34 29 36 31 38 29 39 34 28 31 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 61 Pennsylvania Station NY description of the Borough of Queens would be incom- plete without mentioning the magnificent Pennsylvania Station at Seventh Avenue and 33rd Street, Manhattan. This station, which was opened for the operation of trains of the Long Island Railroad on September 12th, 1910, is situated in the heart of the shopping and theatri- cal district of New York and is one of the main gateways to the Borough of Queens. The north side of the station, along 33rd Street, is assigned to the trains of the Long Island Railroad, and passengers can go from this station, in modern, electric, steel coaches, to the furthermost point in Queens Borough in half an hour. The number of passengers arriv- ing and leaving this station on the trains of the Long Island Railroad for the year 1914 was 11,031,845. The increase in traffic to and from the station was over 100 per cent in the past four years, necessitating sev- eral enlargements to the facilities for handling the Long Island Railroad passengers. The trains are run under Manhattan and through tunnels under the East River, coming tO' the surface in the Sunnyside Yards in Long Island City, and making the first stop at Woodside, five miles dis- tant from Pennsylvania Station, in nine minutes. Bird's-Eye View of Pennsylvania Station. 62 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. New York Connecting Railroad UCH progress has been made in the construction of the New York Connecting Railroad and the massive bridge across Hell Gate, which will unite Queens Borough, and all Long Island, with the mainland, and establish an uninterrupted railroad traffic for both freight and pas- sengers, that it is confidently expected that operation of trains will start by the end of 1916. This big undertaking, which will cost approximately $30,000,000, will do away with the necessity of lightering freight cars across the East River to the Pennsylvania Railroad and New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad terminals, and will result in a great saving of time in the transportation of commodities of every kind. The New York Connecting Railroad is backed by both the Pennsyl- vania Railroad and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, and will connect with the former at Woodside (Queens) and the latter at Port Morris (Bronx), uniting these two big trunk lines and giving a direct all-rail route between Long Island and the New England States and the West. The bridge across Hell Gate, which will be the largest of its kind In the world, is estimated to cost $18,00D,000. With viaducts, it will be over three miles long. The main span across the East River at Hell Gate connects Astoria and Ward's Island. Ward's Island, in turn, is connected with Randall's Island, which is connected with the Bronx. The massive granite towers, rising to a height of 240 feet, have been completed, and the erection of the big steel arches, 3,000 feet in length, which will sup- port the deck, has been started. These will rise to a height of 300 feet above the water. The deck will be 150 feet above the river. All of the mammoth concrete piers, ranging in height from 50 to 150 feet, have been completed and tracks laid over same. In the near future long trains of freight cars will be threading their way along this aerial highway, bring- ing to Queens coal, iron, steel, cotton and food products, lumber, cement, brick, etc., and taking back to all parts of the United States the finished products of Queens Borough's thousands of manufacturing establishments. The road is not only to be used for freight service, but two of the four tracks will be used for passenger traffic, and it is expected that at the start over 40 passenger trains will pass each way per day over this railroad. Passengers en route from New England for Washington or Chicago will be able to go through to their destinations without changing of cars. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 63 The structure, after leaving the bridge across the East River, grad- ually descends in Queens to the level of the surface at Woodside, where one branch extends to the Sunnyside Yards and is there carried into the tunnels under the East River to the Pennsylvania Station. Another branch extends through the New- town section, where the route is gradually depressed and partly tunnel construc- tion until the Lutheran Cemetery is reached, where it will enter a tunnel more than a half-mile in length and carried over the tracks of the Long Island Rail- road to the Evergreen sec- tion, where again it will pass through tunnels under East New York and connect through Brooklyn with the Bay Ridge terminal. 64 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Clubs The latest addition to the clubs of the Borough is the West Side Tennis Club at Forest Hills, the largest organization of its kind in the United States, having about 600 members, a quarter of whom are women. The grounds, which comprise of 10 acres adjacent to the property of the Sage Foundation Homes Co., have been laid out into 60 courts. The club formerly had its quarters far uptown in Manhattan near Van Cort- landt Park. An attractive club house has been built. Among the golf and country clubs are the Oakland Golf Club at Bayside, which has one of the finest 18-hole links in the United States, situated on beautiful, high, rolling country; the attractive 9-hole course at Flushing; the Malba Field Club at Whitestone, and the 18-hole public links at Forest Park. llTH Hole, Public Golf Links, Forest Park. Among the yacht clubs throughout the Borough are the Jamaica Bay, Belle Harbor and Jefferson Yacht Clubs on Jamaica Bay; the College Point, Whitestone and Beechhurst Yacht Clubs on the East River where it broadens into Long Island Sound, and the Bayside Yacht Club on Little Neck Bay. In many communities throughout the Borough there are local clubs which add to the social activities of their respective sections. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 65 Waterfront Development HE chief asset of New York City is its wonderful harbor and the rivers which flow into it. The commercial su- premacy of the city is dependent upon this harbor, for without its hundreds of miles of magnificent water- frontage New York City would not be the largest city on the American continent, nor transact 45 per cent of the total foreign commerce of the United States, and handle 90 per cent of the trans-Atlantic passenger traffic. The adoption of the Dual Subway System solved for many years to come the rapid transit problem of New York, and now one of the most important problems before the city is the preparation of a comprehensive plan for the development of its entire waterfront. The Federal, state and city officials are co-operating in the preparation of plans for this development. Three vast waterway improvements — the Panama Canal, the New York State Barge Canal, and the Intra-Coastal Waterway — will bring more commerce from the sea and from the interior to the port of New York. The Intra-Coastal Waterway will give a continuous land-locked waterway from Boston through a canal into Long Island Sound to New York, and from New York, in turn, through canals, rivers, bays and sounds, down the entire Atlantic coast, around Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, Waterfront of New York City, Showing Particularly the Jamaica Bay Improvement and Proposed Canal Connecting With Flushing Bay. 5 66 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. to the mouth of the Rio Grande. It will cost a total of more than $100,- 000,000 and will stimulate the coastal commerce to New York. The present facilities for handling this great commerce are limited. The 200 miles of waterfront of Queens Borough, however, offers a solu- tion for the future development of the port of New York. The many miles of valuable waterfrontage in Queens still remaining undeveloped along Newtown Creek, East River, Flushing Bay, Flushing Creek, and Jamaica Bay have every advantage for immediate development. The Borough of Queens has 196.8 miles of natural waterfront; 37.6 miles of improvements, or developed waterfront, as measured around piers and along the heads of slips; or a total of 217.1 miles of waterfront meas- ured around the natural shore line and piers. This represents 34 per cent of the natural waterfront, 14.3 per cent of the developed frontage, and 29.2 per cent of the entire waterfrontage as measured around piers and shore line of the entire City of New York. Developed Water. Developed Water Frontage Total Length Length of (Measured around piers (Measured around piers Borough Shore Line and heads of slips) and shore line) Queens 196.8 miles 37.06 miles 217.1 miles Brooklyn 201.5 miles 96.70 miles 256.6 miles Bronx 79.8 miles 18.84 miles 88.3 miles Richmond 57.1 miles 31.00 miles 81.3 miles Manhattan 43.2 miles 75.70 miles 95.1 miles Total 578.4 miles 259.3 miles 738.4 miles Newtown Creek. Newtown Creek, which has been called the "busiest waterway of its size in the world," is the dividing line between the Boroughs of Queens and Brooklyn for a distance of four miles, and empties into the East River opposite 34th Street, Manhattan. The importance of this stream is strik- ingly shown by comparing its activities with those of the Mississippi River. The Mississippi River from New Orleans to St. Paul is approximately 1,000 miles in length, and flows through the heart of a great industrial country. According to the latest figures, 5,500,000 tons of freight are carried annually on the upper and lower reaches of the Mississippi River. In 1911, 5,435,016 tons of freight were handled on Newtown Creek. The value of the tonnage on the Mississippi for the same period was ap- proximately $82,500,000, while in 1912 the value of the tonnage on New- town Creek was $225,416,023, an amount which was greater in value than the combined value of the exports from Boston, Philadelphia and San Francisco. The chief commodities handled on this surprising waterway are cop- per ore and Its products, petroleum, lumber, coal, chemicals, and building Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 67 materials. In 1912, 400,000 tons of copper ore and copper manufactures were transported on this waterway — a tonnage valued at $182,620,000, which was an amount greater than the total value of all the manufactured products of either Kansas City, Minneapohs or San Francisco. The Federal Government is now completing dredging operations which will provide for a channel 125 feet wide and 18 feet deep, at mean low water, from the East River to the head of navigation in the creek. Appropriations for this work were secured through the efforts of the Chamber. t^ tz r- Dutch Kills Creek. During 1914 bulkhead lines were established by the United States Government for Dutch Kills Creek, a tributary of Newtown Creek, thus putting this stream under the jurisdiction of the War Department, and appropriations for dredging same to a greater depth can be made by the U. S. Government. The bulkhead lines as approved on October 29, 1914, give a width varying from 200 feet at Its junction with Newtown Creek to 150 feet at the head of the stream, and include a large basin In the Deg- non Terminal where car floats can be docked. The Long Island Railroad proposes to establish at this point a large public market, estimated to cost $3,500,000. Here also is located the great industrial development known as the "Degnon Terminal," upon which many big manufacturing plants have been established in the past few years. Tonnage and Value. (From Official Reports of U. S. Government Engineers.) Neivtoivn Creek Flushing Bay and Creek Year Tonnage Value Tonnage Value 1897 3,228,544 $51,446,931 163,395 $1,449,438 1902 3,000,000 2,675,025 186,000 1,613,100 1903 90,535,640 110,100 960,750 1904 3,771,726 108,313,377 142,996 2,599,488 1905 3,428,404 130,812,974 142,274 2,656,650 1906 2,803,380 214,714,751 273,312 3,937,444 1907 • 3,108,374 175,229,346 232,911 2,537,825 1908 4,181,528 229,994,000 126,458 1,774,900 1909 5,113,628 253,003,661 277,300 879,700 1910 3,861,852 139,378,623 563,029 1,256,880 1911 5,435,016 191,747,615 394,328 3,251,548 1912 4,921,843 225,416,023 942,614 989,745 1913 5,141,516 226,962,025 917,561 969,011 Some further idea of the immense amount of commerce that Is car- ried annually on the waterways of Queens Borough can be obtained from the following table, compiled by the Department of Bridges, showing the number of openings, and the number of vessels passing through the various bridges connecting different parts of the Borough, such as the Vernon Avenue Bridge across Newtown Creek, through which 100,270 boats (or an average of 275 boats dally) passed in 1913, and the Flushing Bridge, through which 4,560 boats passed. 68 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Number Number Boats Passbiff of of Time Open Underneath Bridge JVaterivay Boats Open'uujs Mrs. Min. Bridge Vernon Avenue Newtown Creek 51,367 17,907 1,407 39 48,903 Greenpoint Avenue.. " " 49,914 20,628 1,275 21 Meeker Avenue " " 30,766 15,004 1,014 24 Grand Street " " 5,212 3,419 338 33 Borden Avenue Dutch Kills Creek 2,693 1,708 151 45 8 Flushing Bridge Flushing Creek 4,560 1,723 174 23 Strong's Causeway... " " 21 7 2 00 .... Little Neck Alley Creek 74 78 18 04 East River. Elaborate plans have been prepared by the United States Govern- ment enghieers for the improvement of the East River from the Battery to Long Island Sound. The plans include the dredging of a 30-foot chan- nel as far north as the Queensboro Bridge and removal of existing shoals and reefs, a 30-foot channel on the west side of Blackwell's Island, and a 20-foot channel on the east side of Blackwell's Island, adjacent to the Long Island City shore, the deepening and widening of Hell Gate and the removal of dangerous shoals. The completion of this project would de- velop a more symmetrical harbor for New York and relieve the present congestion of water traffic in the North River. The improvement is an important part of the Intra-Coastal Waterway System. An original ap- propriation of $500,000 was included in the 1915 Rivers and Harbors Bill for beginning this project; the cost of the entire project will be approximately $14,000,000. Vernon Avenue Bridge Over Newtown Creek. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 69 The plans also include a deepening of the channel known as "Bronx Kills," which will give a direct route from the Harlem River into Flush- ing Bay. At present it is necessary for boats coming from the Harlem River to take a circuitous route around both Randall's Island and Ward's Island and through Hell Gate to reach Flushing Bay. This is of special importance for the commercial development of Flushing Bay and the es- tablishment of Barge Canal Terminal upon same. Marginal Freight Railroad. — The location of two Barge Canal Ter- minals on the East River in Long Island City and Astoria has given con- siderable impetus to the project of a proposed marginal freight railroad along the East River as a further development of the waterfront of this section. The construction of such a freight railroad, with its float bridges, classification yards, etc., similar to that proposed for the waterfront in South Brooklyn, would give direct rail connections to the shippers of this section with every railroad system entering the port of New York. Flushing Bay and Flushing Creek. Great strides have been made in the past two years in the develop- ment of Flushing Bay and Flushing Creek as commercial waterways. These important waterways hold a strategical commercial position, located, as they are, directly opposite the Harlem Ship Canal and at a point where the East River broadens into Long Island Sound. Flushing Bay is about 14 miles from the Battery, and is about one mile wide and three miles long. Flushing Creek is a tidal stream tributary to Flushing Bay and extending 2>.S miles inland. The first project adopted by the United States Government for the improvement of Flushing Bay was on March 3, 1879, and provided for making and maintaining a channel 6 feet deep at low water, at an estimated cost of $173,500. Bulkhead lines have been established for Flushing Bay, and on March 6, 1911, the United States Government adopted bulkhead lines for Flushing Creek from its mouth to about three miles inland. The lines as adopted are about 250 feet apart from the mouth of the creek to Strong's Causeway, and practically conform to the existing lines of the creek; south of this point the lines are 200 feet apart, and extend in a straight line to the head of tide water, or what is known as the "Head of the Vleigh." The present natural course of this stream, however, winds back and forth across the bulkhead lines as established. It was felt that the future needs of this stream required a greater width than 250 feet, and the Chamber therefore advocated a width of 300 feet in a straight line from the mouth of the creek to the head of the proposed improvement. Several hearings and conferences were held on this matter, but due to the existing docks and improvements on the east side of the creek, and the 70 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. unwillingness of the property owners on the west side to cede the neces- sary land for the widening, the plan was abandoned and the bulkhead lines as established approved. Steps were then taken to secure appropriations from the United States Government for dredging an improved channel, and through the combined efforts of the Chamber, former Congressman John J. Kindred and United States Senator James A. O'Gorman, an appropriation of $255,700 was included in the Rivers and Harbors Bill of 1913. This was the first appropriation made since the original project was adopted for a 6-foot channel in 1879. Plans were prepared by the Government engineers for the deepening of the channel and a contract was awarded in March, 1914, to the Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Co. for dredging a channel 200 feet in width and 10 feet deep in Flushing Bay from the East River near College Point to Flushing Creek as far as the Jackson Avenue bridge, which gives 17 feet of water at high tide. This work has been completed, enabling boats of larger draft to navigate on these waterways. In order to dredge a deeper channel in Flushing Creek beyond the Jackson Avenue bridge, where the work of the contract above mentioned terminated, it was necessary for the City of New York to acquire title to the land between the established bulkhead lines. A bill was passed in March, 1913, by the New York State legislature, "granting to the City of New York such right, title and interest as the State of New York may have in and to land under water in Flushing Creek * * * ^rnd Flush- ing Bay." This legislation enables the City of New York to exchange title with property owners of land to compensate them for any necessary land taken to dredge between the established bulkhead lines. A petition was then prepared by the Chamber of Commerce similar to that for a street opening proceeding and signatures of abutting property owners obtained for the acquisition of title to land between the bulkhead lines. This petition was approved by the Local Board of Newtown and Jamaica in January, 1914, and is now before the Board of Estimate for its ap- proval and the appointment of condemnation commissioners. When title has been vested in the city to all land between the bulkhead lines, further appropriations will be requested from the United States Government for the dredging of a deeper channel to the head of the stream about three miles inland. Industrial and Commercial Developments. — One of the important undertakings that has rapidly progressed in this section is the work of the Flushing Bay Improvement Co., which for the past four years has been, filling in some 400 acres of the low-lying salt meadows on the west side of the creek to 12 feet above mean high water. This stupendous task, which called for a fill of 8,000,000 cubic yards, is being carried forward Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 71 at the rate of several thousand cubic yards per day with ashes and ex- cavated material from Brooklyn, brought by means of scows and by the Long Island Railroad. It is understood to be the intention of the owners of this large tract of land to develop same for cheap factory sites. The section has the advantage of both waterfront and railroad shipping facil- ities. A street system has been laid out by the Topographical Depart- ment which includes an 80-foot marginal street 150 feet back from the river front, running parallel north and south with the river, which will afford an opportunity to load direct from a ship or barge into the ware- house or factory. The Long Island Railroad owns a tract of land adjacent to that of the Flushing Bay Improvement Co. and has plans for an important rail- road terminal and yard at this point. The Degnon Realty & Terminal Co. also owns a large tract of land which they intend to improve for the location of large manufacturing enterprises. This section is within 16 minutes running time on the Long Island Railroad from the Pennsylvania Station, and 22 minutes running time to Grand Central Station via the new rapid transit elevated extensions. It is one of the few remaining places in New York City for mammoth and unobstructed factory and warehouse development and will undoubtedly become in the next 10 years a very important port of entry. The State of New York acquired in 1914 over 400 feet frontage on Flushing Bay for the establishment of a Barge Canal Terminal. A tentative plan was prepared by the Dock Department of New York City for the development of the whole westerly shore of Flushing Bay, from Sanford's Point to Jackson Avenue, for a freight terminal. This plan provided for an extension of the shore line and the construction of a marginal street, along the outer edge of which would be built a set of railroad tracks with spurs leading out to the end of a series of 1,000-foot piers! The plan as prepared shows 16 of these piers, half of which are 200 feet in width and the others 190 feet wide. Between each pier there would be docking basins 300 feet wide. That this whole industrial scheme has possibilities of realization in the near future is the opinion of many men who are keeping an eye on the industrial trend of Queens Borough. Flushing Bay-Jamaica Bay Canal. For many years there has been an effort made to have the State of New York construct a canal connecting Flushing Bay and Jamaica Bay in order to provide a short-cut from the Hudson River through the Harlem River, Flushing Bay and the said canal for canal boats bound for Jamaica Bay. No appropriation has been made, however, by the State of New York for its construction. 72 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Surveys of this proposed canal were made by the state engineers in 1913, and a report made to the legislature on March 11, 1914. The es- timate of the cost was $20,338,000, which was based upon the assumption that New York City would construct the channel in Jamaica Bay, together 'with the basins extending inland from that channel; also, that the Fed- eral Government would construct the channel from the mouth of Flush- ing Creek to the head of the proposed improvement at Livingston Street. The route selected for the estimate begins at Cornell Basin of the Jamaica Bay channel, bending westerly across the ridge between the creek and the next valley to the west, crosses the Ridgewood aqueduct west of Three-mile Millroad, and Rockaway Boulevard about a quarter of a mile west of the junction with Rockaway Road, then follows the natural valley through the present farms, crossing Hawtree Creek road near its junction with Lincoln Avenue, and Liberty Avenue just east of Van Wyck Avenue. From Liberty Avenue the line runs just east of Van Wyck Avenue and nearly parallel to it, following the natural depression to the railroad. It crosses the railroad just east of Dunton Station, thence northerly to the Maple Grove Cemetery property, crosses the summit of the main ridge in the cemetery, crosses Queens Boulevard, and thence down the ravine across the Union Turnpike to the meadows at the head of Flushing Creek to the 200-foot channel planned by the United States Government, and follows this channel to Flushing Bay. For a distance of about two miles through the upland in the center of the Borough, which is approximately 125 feet above the sea level, it is proposed to construct a double, reinforced concrete tunnel having chan- nels of 50 feet each with columns between the channels. The height to the top of the tunnel from the water level will be over 30 feet. The tunnel will extend a distance of approximately 10,800 feet, or from Union Turn- pike to a point 800 feet south of Liberty Avenue. Such a tunnel would obviate the necessity of spanning highways with expensive bridges. The balance of the canal, however, will be an open cut 200 feet in width. The minimum depth throughout the canal at low water would be 12 feet, and tidal locks or gates would have to be provided. Such a canal would give a land-locked waterway the entire distance from Buffalo to Jamaica Bay, and would enable barge canal boats to bring their cargoes to the port now being developed at Jamaica Bay, where these cargoes could be transferred to ocean-going vessels. An added advan- tage of this waterway would be to provide for the transportation of lum- ber, cement, coal and general merchandise into the heart of Queens Borough, at a cost far below the present rates for transportation. The canal would also overcome the objection that has been raised by those Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 7?y who fear that barges could not, in heavy weather, safely make the pas- sage from the lower bay In New York into the ocean entrance to Jamaica Bay by the way of Rockaway inlet. Jamaica Bay. Jamaica Bay, in the southern portion of the Borough, is approxi- mately eight miles long and four miles wide, and covers an area of about 32 square miles. It is bounded on the south by the Rockaway peninsula, and is connected with the Atlantic Ocean by the Rockaway inlet. A com- prehensive plan adopted for the development of this waterfront includes a wide channel skirting the entire bay, with several basins extending into the Queens shore. The completion of this improvement would open for com- mercial and industrial development a large territory of Queens Borough adjacent to the bay. The commerce during 1912 amounted to 425,551 tons, valued at $5,150,000, and consisting chiefly of fuel, building and road materials^ fish and shellfish, oil, general merchandise, ashes and refuse. The following is the history of this improvement: 1907- The engineers of the United States Army presented favorable reports 1909. for the improvement of Jamaica Bay by the construction of a preliminary channel 18 feet in depth and 500 feet in width along the westerly and northerly shores, which channel should ultimately be increased to 30 feet in depth and 1,000 feet in width, it being recommended that appropriations be made for this purpose provided the Secretary of War should be satisfied that the City of New York was committed to the general improvement of Jamaica Bay, and upon the further proviso that the actual work of dredging be performed and the money expended by the city, reimbursement being made to it by the United States Government for dredging at a rate not exceeding eight cents per cubic yard. The entrance channel was to be opened and maintained by the United States Government without assistance from the city. 1910. On June 25, 1910, Congress appropriated $250,500.00 as recommended by the Army engineers, to become available upon the cer- tificate of the Secretary of War. 1911. On January 11, 1911, the City of New York appropriated the sum of $1,000,000 for the improvement of Jamaica Bay, and as a result the Secretary of War declared himself satisfied as to the intention of the city and the appropriation became available. 1912. The River and Harbor Act of this year appropriated the sum of.... 300,000.00 for reimbursement of the City of New York for dredging of interior channels. 1913. The River and Harbor Act this year appropriated 300,000.00 for the same purpose. Total appropriations by Congress $850,500.00 The following appropriations and expenditures have been made by the City of New York for the Jamaica Bay improvement: Appropriations. July 1, 1910, for preliminary surveys $ 50,000.00 February 9, 1911, for construction of bulkhead 50,000.00 February 9, 1911, for dredging in main channel 150,000.00 February 9, 1911, for acquiring lands, the precise location to be determined by joint action by the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund 750,000.00 Total appropriations $1,000,000.00 74 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Expenditures. On October 7, 1911, $76,000 was transferred from the land account to the dredg- ing account. There has been expended by the City of New York: For preliminary surveys $ 50,000.00 For construction of bulkheads and retaining walls 1,115.71 For dredging 154,884.00 of which $129,860.50 has been refunded by the United States Government under its agreement. No land has been purchased. There has, therefore, been a total net expenditure by the City of New York to date of 76,139.21 Net expenditure of the United States Government: On interior channels 129,860.50 On entrance channels 68,978.15 Total expenditure U. S. Government and N. Y. City on Jamaica Bay to date $ 274.977.86 The extension of the interior channel has been delayed by a legal contest as to the ownership of the land under water, but it is expected that an early settlement of this matter will allow the work to be continued. Sufficient funds are on hand to advance this project and make it of great commercial value to the port of New York. Freight Terminals. Degnon Terminal. — The Degnon Terminal is a large tract of land south of the Sunnyside yards, and located on Dutch Kills Creek, which has been laid out for industrial development, having the combined advan- tages of facilities for shipping by both water and rail. It has direct con- nections with the East River, and by means of a car float at the head of Dutch Kills Creek freight may be transported to all of the various rail- roads entering Manhattan. A terminal railroad on the property has spurs entering each block and connecting with every factory, rendering it pos- sible to load cars inside any building. Queensboro Term'uial. — This terminal, which was opened on July 1, 1914, is located on the East River and Vernon Avenue, between 13th and 14th Streets, Long Island City. It is a branch of the Brooklyn East- ern District Terminal, which has been in operation since 1876, and which today handles over 1,500,000 tons of freight a year. Shipments may be made through this terminal to every railroad in the United States, Canada and Mexico, the Long Island Sound steamboat lines, the Atlantic coast- wise boat lines, and the Hudson River boat lines, with the same dispatch and freight rates as though delivered to the separate freight stations of the railroads and boat lines in Manhattan, thus saving large cartage charges. For the first half-year of its operation this terminal handled over 12,000 tons of freight. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 75 Barge Canal Terminals S a result of the combined efforts of the Queens Chamber of Commerce and Borough President M. E. Connolly, the State of New York in December, 1914, acquired title to property on the waterfront of the Borough of Queens at three different locations for Barge Canal Terminals. These locations, which include a total water frontage of over a quarter of a mile, and approximately 10 acres of land, are as follows : 1. East River, north of Oiieenshoro Bridge. — A strip 681 feet in length on the East River near the foot of Rogers Avenue and extending ISO feet inshore from the established bulkhead and pierhead lines, or approximately 104,700 square feet. This location for a Barge Canal Terminal is well adapted to the present and future industrial and com- mercial needs of Long Island City. It has direct and easy access to the marginal waterfront street, namely, Vernon Avenue; is only about 2,000 feet from the entrance of Queensboro Bridge itself, and geographically is admirably situated for any development along the waterfront. It is, moreover, centrally situated for the vast number of factories now located in Long Island City. 2. Hallefs Cove, Astoria. — The property acquired at this point on Hallet's Cove, a small indentation of the East River, extends 400 feet northerly from the foot of Broadway to a point between Camelia Street and Jamaica Avenue, comprises approximately 160,270 square feet in area, and extends from the Boulevard outshore to the bulkhead and pier- head line. The bulkhead and pierhead lines are coincident at this place, and it is possible for the State to excavate a basin in this large area whereby an extensive terminal can be laid out. The location is well adapted geo- graphically for a terminal, as it has direct connection with several main arteries of travel connecting Long Island City, Astoria and Flushing. 3. Head of Flushing Bay. — The site selected has an approximate frontage of 400 feet on Flushing Bay, just west of the mouth of Flush- ing Creek and north of Jackson Avenue, and is about 400 feet in depth. It is admirably located and will serve not only the growing communities of Flushing, College Point and Corona, but many other inland sections, such as Forest Hills, Richmond Hill, Bayside, Whitestone, etc. Not- withstanding the fact that navigation in Flushing Creek extends consider- ably further inland, the terminal as located will not be subject to the in- conveniences of drawbridge navigation. Queens Borough will have three terminals, as pointed out above, 76 Chamber of Commerce of tpie Borough of Queens. whereas to date there have been but two terminals established in Brook- lyn and only one in the Bronx. To gain some idea of the importance and size of this great terminal waterway of New York State a comparison with the Panama Canal is- necessary: New York State Barge Canal Panama Canal Approximate cost $140,000,000 $375,000,000 Length 540 miles 50 miles Locks 57 6 Excavations 114,000,000 cu. yards 203,000,000 cu. yards Concrete 2,750,000 cu. yards 5,000,000 cu. yards Total lift above sea level 525 ft. 85 ft. Benefit of Terminals to Commercial and Industrial Growth of Queens. A Barge Canal Terminal is a freight station on the waterfront, to or from which the public can truck freight shipped via canal boats, just the same as they do from freight stations on railroads. The average cost of carrying a ton of freight by rail from Buffalo to New York City is officially stated to be $1.96 a ton, whereas the cost of carrying freight by the Barge Canal is officially estimated to be only 26 cents a ton, or a saving in actual cost of $1.70 per ton. The foregoing is the statement of the actual cost and not a comparison of the charges made by the railroad and to be made by the canal. However, the average charge for carrying a ton of freight from Buffalo to New York by rail is $3.11, and the charge by the Barge Canal between the same points, figured on a liberal profit, is estimated to be only 41 cents a ton which would mean an actual saving of $2.70 per ton. When it is understood that the barges which will operate over the canal will have a capacity of 2,500 to 3,000 tons, in comparison with the present 250-ton barges, and will also have a speed two and one-half times as great as that of the present boats, the reason for the low cost of carrying freight is apparent. The manufacturers and merchants of Queens will all benefit by this reduction in the cost of transporting commodities of every kind, as there is not a section of the Borough which will not be within easy trucking distance of at least one of the three terminals which have been definitely located for Queens Borough. Progress of Canal. Such rapid progress has been made in the construction of the canal that former State Engineer Bensel took a party through over 200 miles of the completed canal during 1914. It is expected that the entire work will be completed and the canal ready for operation during 1915, or 1916. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 77 Population of the Borough of Queens HE population of the Borough of Queens on July 1, 1914, was 387,444, according to the estimate of the Depart- ment of Health of New York City. It is estimated that it has reached at least 425,000 by January 1, 1915. According to the figures prepared by the Census Bureau of the Department of Commerce of the United States, showing the population of the United States for July 1, 1914, the Bor- ough of Queens not only would rank nineteenth in size among the prin- cipal cities in the United States, but exceeded in population the States of Arizona, Delaware, Nevada, and Wyoming. The estimated population of Queens Borough given by the Census Bureau for July 1, 1914, was, however, 339,886, or 48,000 less than the estimate of the Health Depart- ment. With the completion and operation of all the rapid transit exten- sions now under construction, it is estimated that Queens will have a population of 900,000 by the year 1920. The following table shows that Queens has increased liG per cent, in population in the past four years according to the figures of the Health Department. With the exception of the Borough of the Bronx, this was a greater per cent, increase than any of the other Boroughs of New York City, or the ten largest cities of the United States. When it is con- sidered that during these four years the Bronx has had the rapid transit facilities of two subway and two elevated lines from Manhattan at a 5-cent rate of fare, whereas Queens Borough without such facilities has grown almost at the same rate, it can be realized what a great increase in population will take place in Queens Borough during the next five to ten years, with all the different rapid transit lines extending into it from Manhattan and Brooklyn. POPULATION Est. ofDept. of Health Borough July 1, 1914 Queens 387,444 Bronx 641,980 Brooklyn 1,916,655 Richmond 99,186 Manhattan 2,538,606 U. S. Census April 15, 1910 284,041 430,980 1,634,351 85,969 2,331,542 New York City 5,583,871 4,766,883 P ?r Cent Inc. '^ years Inc. 103,403 36 211,000 49 282,304 17 13,217 15 207,064 9 816,988 17 Queens with its immense stretches of undeveloped territory that offer unlimited attractions for the home builder, and with a 5-cent fare in view for the greater portion of this vast area, will undoubtedly outstrip not only all the other Boroughs of New York City, but every city In the United States In its growth In the next few years. The following table 78 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. gives a comparative illustration of the growth of Queens and the first eighteen cities in the United States for the past four years: POPULATION {Est. of U. S. Census Bureau) Per Cent. Rank City July 1, 1914 April 15, 1910 Inc.in 4- yrs. Inc. 1 New York City 5,333,537 4,766,883 556,654 11 2 Chicago, 111 2,393,325 2,185,283 208,042 9 3 Philadelphia, Pa 1,657,810 1,549,008 108,802 7 4 St. Louis, Mo 734,667 687,029 47,638 7 5 Boston, Mass 733,802 670,585 63,217 9 6 Cleveland, 639,431 560,663 78,768 14 7 Baltimore, Md 579,590 558,445 21,105 4 8 Pittsburgh, Pa 564,878 533,905 30,973 6 9 Detroit, Mich 537,650 465,766 71,884 15 10 Bufifalo, N. Y 454,112 423,715 30,397 7 11 San Francisco, Cal 448,502 416,912 31,590 8 12 Los Angeles, Cal 438,914 318,198 120,716 38 13 Milwaukee, Wis 417,054 373,857 43,197 11 14 Cincinnati, 402,175 363,591 38,584 11 15 Newark, N. J 389,106 347,469 41,637 12 16 New Orleans, La 361,221 339,057 22,164 6 17 Washington, D. C 353,378 331,069 22,309 7 18 Minneapolis, Minn 343,466 301,408 42,056 14 19 QUEENS BOROUGH.... 339,886 282,041 57,845 21 Assessed Valuation and Tax Rate, Borough of Queens The following tables, showing the increase in taxable values of the Borough of Queens, are the best proof of the amazing growth of the Borough. An increase in the total assessed valuation from $103,752,600 in 1899 to $488,686,756 in 1914, or a total increase of $384,934,156 in 15 years (average per year, $25,662,277), is the result of the hundreds of new Industries and thousands of new homes that have been constructed in the Borough in that time. The assessment on land alone increased from $76,588,315 in 1904 to $280,678,120 in 1914, or a total increase of $204,089,805 in 10 years, and an average increase per year for that time of $20,408,980. Total Real Year Estate Assmt. 1899 $103,752,600 1900 104,427,772 1901 107,179,620 1902 108,859,704 1903 123,781,723 1904 131,379,723 1905 140,404,990 1906 159,446,205 1907 217,668,775 1908 296,458,980 '909 308,112,605 1910 334,563,960 1911 446,569,352 1912 456,750,539 1913 477,792,836 1914 488,686,756 *1915 519,515,428 *Tent ative. Annual Per Cent. Personal Prop- Tax Rate Increase Increase erty Assmt. Per $100 $6,314,032 5,498,681 $3.2744 $ 675,172 .65 2.3421 2,751,848 2.63 10,826,810 2.3570 1,680,084 1.56 9,026,134 2.3187 14,922,019 12.07 10,176,900 1.4750 7,598,000 6.17 7,477,425 1.5722 9,025,267 6.86 9,094,738 1.5552 19,041,215 13.55 9,694,428 1.5548 58,222,570 36.4 11,191,262 1.5339 78,790,205 26.5 9,908,830 1.6603 11,653,625 3.8 9,673,200 1.7253 26,451,355 7.9 5,358,480 1.81079 112,005,392 33.4 5,339,875 1.73645 10,181,187 2.2 6,396,750 1.84 21,042,797 4.6 6,740,850 1.85 10,893,920 2.3 5,915,150 1.80 1.95 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Year 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 Ward 1 Ward 2 Ward 3 Ward 4 Ward 5 Ordinary Land Value No Separate Land Values $76,588,315 79,803,605 81,270,450 123,585,700 182,629,206 185,899,546 200,180,317 276,089,172 277,644,346 280,223,990 280,678,120 ASSESSED Value of Improvements $96,890,100 96,087,980 97,029,826 99,263,154 113,731,213 45,147,250 50,113,225 65,144,845 73,354,150 88,111,404 96,557,609 107,770,243 131,268,935 140,794,590 156,026,337 166,008,357 Special Franchises $4,036,817 5,768,494 4,331,650 5,528,000 5,496,600 6,232,600 8,333,300 11,698,700 15,902,070 14,876,700 14,917,800 16,400,400 15,031,989 15,428,524 15,446,039 VALUATION QUEENS BOROUGH BY WARDS. Assessment Assessment Roll, 1913 Roll, 1914 $ 96,436,300 $ 97,392,525 107,608,680 112,363,410 69,407,925 70,356,300 116,379,317 119,212,812 46,418,105 47,361,430 Real Estate «/ Corporations $6,861,500 4,303,075 4,381,300 5,264,900 4,522,510 4,147,060 4,255,560 4,697,610 8,030,225 9,816,300 10,778,750 11,695,600 22,810,845 23,279,614 26,113,985 26,554,240 Real Estate $436,250,327 Real Estate of Corporations 26,113,985 15|428i524 Special Franchises $446,686,477 26,554,240 15,446,039 79 Total Real Es- tate and R.E. Corpor. and Franchises $103,752,600 104,427,872 107,179,620 108,859,704 123,781,723 131,379,225 140,404,990 159,446,205 217,668,775 296,458,980 308,112,605 334,563,960 446,569,352 456,750,539 477,792,836 488,686,756 Increase $ 956,225 4,754,730 948,375 2,833,495 943,325 $10,436,150 440,255 17,515 '^°tal $477,792,836 $488,686,756 $10 893 920 ASSESSED VALUATIONS NEW YORK CITY, ALL BOROUGHS. ' ' Borough 1899 Queens $ 103,751,600 Bronx 123,702,030 Brooklyn 609,822,267 Manhattan 2,054,903,875 Richmond 40,265,464 New York City 2,932,445,464 1914 $ 488,686,756 658,632,013 1,671,175,930 5,149,250,760 82,114,453 8,049,859,912 Increase $ 384,935,156 534,929,983 1,061,353,663 3,094,346,885 41,848,989 5,117,414,676 Gain, P. C. 'ill 432 174 151 104 175 ■''"iis^ **!•; New Flushing High School, To Be Opened in September, 1915. so Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. The Rockaways AN OCEAN FRONT OF UNSURPASSED GRANDEUR The Rockaway Peninsula at the southern portion of the Borough of Queens, extending for a distance of 10 miles between the Atlantic Ocean and Jamaica Bay, has one of the finest beaches between Maine and Atlantic City. It is not only the great summer resort and playground of New York City, but is becoming the all-year-round residential section of thousands who work in Brooklyn and Manhattan and commute daily, for all of the built-up section is only 30 to 40 minutes from the heart of the business district of Manhattan via electric trains of the Long Island Railroad, and from 40 to 50 trains are run each way week days, and twice that number on Sundays during the summer months. In 1785 Tack-a-Pou-Sha, chief of the Rockaway tribe of Indians, and his sachems deeded what was known as Rockaway Neck to John Pal- mer, a New York merchant. At that time it was a stretch of waste beach and sand dunes, but today the sand dunes have been converted into stucco and mortar, and a veritable CIty-by-the-Sea has grown up, stretching from Belle Harbor on the west to Nassau County on the east. With its board- walk on the ocean, its broad macadamed streets, magnificent hotels and handsome residences, and public parks, there Is no more attractive section In New York City for either summer homes or all-year-round residences. Throughout the length and breadth of the country the Rockaways are known as one of the few Ideal seaside resorts in America. Here are to be found the alluring charm of seashore and country, combined with every advantage of a modern city within the corporate limits of New York Bathing Scene, Rockaway Coast. Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Oueens. 81 City itself, and only a half-hour's ride on the comfortable electric trains to the business centers. Residents and visitors have both the choice of surf bathing in the Atlantic Ocean and still water and aquatic sports on Jamaica Bay. The Finest Beaches on the Atlantic Ocean Are on the Rockaway Peninsula. Seaside, Holland and Hammel are filled with amusement resorts of many kinds, and their hotels and bathing pavilions cater to a floating population that often reaches 100,000 on a summer day. The hotels, with accommodations for more than 2,000, are filled every season. Ar- verne, Edgemere and Far Rockaway, 18 to 20 miles distant from Penn- sylvania Station, have not only many modern large hotels, but thousands of private dwellings, cottages and boarding houses to accommodate the vast throng of dwellers. Far Rockaway has a large permanent popula- tion and many fine business blocks. Hundreds of fine houses are rented here, at prices ranging from $750 to $3,000 per season. Edgemere Club Hotel. 82 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Banks— Borough of Queens HE report of the various banking institutions in the Borough ! for 1914 shows a substantial increase in both resources and deposits. Excluding the Title Guarantee & Trust Co., the Corn Exchange Bank, and the Broadway Trust Co., whose main offices are in Manhattan, the resources of the banks of the Borough increased $2,695,000 and the deposits $2,823,000 in 1914. This flourishing condition is due to the increase in mercantile and industrial interests of Queens during the past year, and also to the great increase in the building development and real estate investments. The most important banking addition during the past year was the merger of the Commer- cial National Bank of Long Island City, with the Broadway Trust Co., Queens County Trust Co., Jamaica. Bank of Long Island, Jamaica. of New York. This bank will now be known as the Long Island City Branch of the Broadway Trust Co. The Bank of Long Island added two more branches — Wood- haven and Ridgewood — during the past two years, making 10 branches in all throughout the Borough, in addition to the main office in Jamaica. A new building has been constructed for the Queens County Savings Bank in Flushing, and plans have been prepared by the First National Bank of Corona for a new $50,000 structure. ^ooo^o_ooo_o^ ■ ~ irT o" o" o" o o" o" cT "2- CM CD O O vo iri vn CD oooooooo X~ >o~ -h' o~ ITcooooou-icoTt-r^ ^CMi/-iCMOOi/^,-l(r^O\ OOOOiOOiOCD 0<3000000 ^^CM"-l0^^^nCMI:^^ ^CMVOCMr^mCMOO o o o o o o C> CD O cTo" cd" c> m o O t>. 7-1 o o o t^ CD CD O !>■ vn OO t^ ON O CM -^ rl- ro CM m vo 1) ox *- 1-1 u o o^ u tH in CM ON Ir^ • S oT^ nT rt t^ NO 0 M O =S M C-^ vn CO T-j t--." ■-^ S s s c 9 C rt o -) O 1) tH >U NJ ?, c in i^ M P-i D C rt rt • feJ^Uc«h-^W ;^ M OS O Tt- O o vn O On T-l O OO NO ^*^ CNrvX"!"- <0 O OO ON Tt- O OS OO ON 1-1 CM t^ NO M l^ o, CO NO OO Tj- g CO NO OO U -a *^ — ' en O 5 — -C UPii Mo 5 S o & „ -^ i> ' w ^ -g "^ O bO = Is o S "'>5'S ■'11111 NO t^ oo On O 4 c ^ ^ > . w . ^ : y C bH ; 5 (u (u t, , ; C3 ^^ en Q ^w* iH cs ?; M •r:tL^- fc z o d 2 o Q Z^ o Flushing I 1802 j THE EMPIRE ART METAL COMPANY INCORPORATED Manufacturers of Hollow Steel Doors and Interior Trim, etc. PLANT: Second to Third Avenue and Eighth to Ninth Street COLLEGE POINT, N. Y. no Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. ESTABLISHED 1879 WILLIAM P. RAE COMPANY Real Estate AUCTIONEERS APPRAISERS Brooklyn Office Manhattan Office 180 Montague Street Woolworth Building ^^UR office maintains a record transfer ^^ system and we are fully equipped to make appraisals of Real Estate throughout Greater New York. Expert appraisers in condemnation proceedings Biggest Real Estate Success in Greater NewYork The best real estate investment in Greater New York today is one of our6-family "Model Flats" adjoining the Myrtle Ave. "L," Ridgewood. Twenty-seven minutes from City Hall, N. Y., 5c. fare. Nothing like it anywhere. We have demonstrated to hundreds of buyers that they PAY better, give a SURER income and will make MORE MONEY than anything else in the market. i/v/v WW n I 1 1 f A \T n 1 O'^'' record of over 400 houses sold is the best evidence of what they 400 Houses iSold, 150 Now Ready --; $2,000 cash required. Rental income $1,138 per year. Pay 10 ' •' per cent, to ftU per cent, on money invested. Lots /ifi^xlUU. RENTS $15 AND $16 MONTHLY (5 ROOMS AND BATH) Not a single vacancy in 600 apartments. Guarantees sure income. Two "L" stations on property Open for inspection The G. X. MATHEWS COMPANY OFFICE No. 1852 PUTNAM AVENUE Cor. Onderdonk. "Ridgewood," Brooklyn. Get off at Forest or Seneca Ave. station. Myrtle Ave. "L" Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Ill QUEENSBORO TERMINAL 13th and 14th Streets and East River Long Island City, Borough of Queens, New York IS NOW OPEN FOR THE RECEIPT AND DELIVERY OF FREIGHT VIA THE FOLLOWING: RAIL LINES: LONG ISLAND SOUND LINES: New York Central R. R. Metropolitan S. S. Company. ,,, „, _ ., , Maine Steamship Company. West Shore Railroad. Erie Railroad. COASTWISE LINES: T^ , T 1 o \iT J. r> Tj Old Dominion Steamship Co. Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R. R. Qcean Steamship Company of Savannah. Lehigh Valley Railroad. Southern Pacific Company (Morgan Line). Central R. R. of New Jersey. Cl^n^ Steamship Company. •^ Mallory Steamship Company. HUDSON RIVER LINES: Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Central Vermont Railway Co. , , ^ . New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. Sn's Lin^ 'f°;r Troy."' New York, Ontario & Western R. R. Murray's Line. These lines, with their connections, include every railroad in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Arrangements with these lines are such that shipments delivered to us before closing time each day are forwarded via the Fast Freight Trains or Steamers of the respective lines, with the same despatch that is given freight from their own piers and stations in New York City. Freight rates to all points, with a very few exceptions, are identically the same as from New York. By shipping at the Queensboro Terminal the necessity of carting freight to EACH of the individual Rail and Steamship Lines is avoided, as we fur- nish the same Despatch, Service, and Freight Rates. YOU SAVE CARTAGE. The merchants and manufacturers of the Borough of Queens have now the same facilities for the prompt and economical transportation of their products as their competitors in Manhattan and Brooklyn. Abandon antiquated methods of shipping and give us a trial. YOU WILL BE CONVINCED. BROOKLYN EASTERN DISTRICT TERMINAL MAIN OFFICE, 129 FRONT STREET, NEW^ YORK CITY Service is the only advertisement that can be read in the dark 112 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. G. V. ELECTRIC TRUCKS Here is a 2-ton G. V. Electric operated by the New York & Queens Electric Light & Power Company. It is one of 19 used by this progressive Central Station, which serves Queens borough business men and Queens borough homes so well. On another page you will find other data about the world's largest Electric truck plant — in Queens borough. There are over 1,500 G. V. Electric trucks and wagons in operation in Greater New York. How about one or two for your delivery service ? Catalogue ? Certainly. GENERAL VEHICLE COMPANY, INC. General Office and Factory, Long Island City, N. Y. NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON PHILADELPHIA OUR JAMAICA OFFICE is equipped with every facility for examining titles to real estate and making building and permanent loans in Queens County. We shall be pleased to co-operate with the Chamber of Commerce in every possible way "to promote the general welfare of the Borough of Queens." HOIVIE TITLE Ilsyi^JRATVCE C9 •^ .^^NEWYORK POST OFFICE BUILDING JAMAICA, L. I. Capital, Surplus and Profits over $1,000,000 OSCAR JACOBS F. S. STEBBINS Manager In Charge of Law Dept. Advisory Committee: HENRY B. DAVENPORT, President GEORGE C. DICKEL, Vice-President HARRY B. HAWKINS, Director Brooklyn Office: 383 Jay Street, Cor. Willoughby Street Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 113 Wf^t Corn Cxcljange IBank ^iUiam and 2&eaber Mtttt^ l^etD fork (S=^^=S>§====§> Capital, Surplus and Profits, $10,000,000 (?==%=:5) William A. Nash Chairman of the Board Walter E. Frew President William H. Nichols Vice-President John T. Perkins Vice-President Francis H. Page Vice-President Frederick T. Martin Cashier William E. Williams Assistant Cashier John S. Wheelan Assistant Cashier Edward S. Malmar Assistant Cashier Dunham B. Sherer Assistant Cashier Richard D. Brown Assistant Cashier BRANCHES LOCATED ON LONG ISLAND Brooklyn Branch Court and Joralemon Streets South Brooklyn Branch 79 Hamilton Avenue, Brooklyn Myrtle Avenue Branch Myrtle Avenue and Broadway, Brooklyn Queens County Branch Jackson Avenue and Fourth Street, Borough of Queens Astoria Branch 75 Fulton Avenue, Astoria, Bor- ough of Queens Flatbush Avenue Branch 19 and 21 Flatbush Brooklyn Avenue, Greenpoint Branch Greenpoint and Manhattan Ave- nues, Brooklyn Plaza Branch Bridge Plaza and Academy Street, Borough of Queens Flushing Branch 116 Main Street, Flushing, Bor- ough of Queens Pennsylvania Station Branch Seventh Avenue and 33rd Street Borough of Manhattan City of New York 14 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. *.- >«» ^fc ** ^fc t* ^^ «»- RESOURCES OVER $8,000,000 Ttt-t; TW ^eMA% Any Opeq Your 'Account To-Dix\ ACCOMMODATING — ^aWe! Bfr-PR0GRE^5'IV& JOSEPH DYKES G. W. CRAFT S. R. SMITH, President \^ice-Presidents \'. W. SMITH P. A. ROWLEY Cashier G. S. DOWNING T. B. HANSON ' A. BJORNSON W. S. MILAN GAS Brings LIGHT, HEAT and POWER with PROFIT to the HOME and FACTORY Visit our office, it will pay Tel. 691 NEWTON will bring a representative The Newtown Gas Co. GRAND STREET Near Hoffman Boulevard N^tu fork Arrl|tt^rturd In Ravenswood since 1886 The quality of the "New York Company" product and the superior- ity of the "New York Company" service have been availed of for over a quarter century by experienced builders and appreciative architects. The only Architectural Terra- Cotta Company in the Borough of Queens — we deliver by truck direct to building hour by hour. 5f^m fork Arri^tt^rturd Ql^rra-OIotta Company Main Office and Works : 401 Vernon Ave. Borough of Queens One factory — one management — for twenty-nine years Booklet on Request Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 115 ^^^yHills, L.1 CWELVE minutes from Pennsyl- vania Station, Thirty-third Street and Seventh Avenue, New York City, eighty-one trains daily. Trolley from 59th Street and Sec- ond Avenue to Forest Hills, five cent fare, running time 35 minutes. Situated in high rolling country with every city im- provement installed. Houses fifty-nine hun- dred to seventeen thousand dollars. Sold on easy terms. Houses constructed in best possi- ble manner and complete in every detail. Lots for sale. STflppljotir Base ifatvBt ifitUa 116 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Branches in all Parts of the World BADE MARK. CA.WILLEYCO. Manufacturers of Specialties in COACH AUTOMOBILE AND CAR PAINTS COLORS VARNISHES UNDERCOATINGS ETC. Office and Factory : Nott and Vernon Avenues Hunter's Point, New York City, N. Y. Telephone, 2942 Hunter's Point A Record In Home Building Which we believe has never before been equalled. Greatest number of high-class detached houses erected in a single year. Surrounding KEW GARDENS Station 15 MINUTES From Herald Square where a carefully restricted residen- tial community has been established in the most attractive and accessible section of Greater New York. NEW HOUSES $9,350 TO $22,500 on convenient terms. Villa Sites at Reasonable Prices For Further Information address KEW GARDENS CORPORATION JOHN J. BRITTON, Salesmanager Marbridge Building, Broadway & 34th St., N.Y. Telephone, Greeley 5250 and 5251. Cond Island Bond and mortgage Guarantee Company QUEENS COUNTY TRUST BUILDING JAMAICA - - NEW YORK CITY Money to Loan on Bond and Mortgage 'Pq Investors ^^ ^°^ intend investing in Mortgages, we would be pleased to have you examine some which we have for sale before purchasing elsewhere. WILLIS H. YOUNG, President JAMES MACBETH - Vice-President THEODORE G. CLARKE - Treasurer CLINTON T. ROE - - Vice-President GEORGE T. ^VATTS - - Secretary ISAAC BAER President MEYER WEISBERG Treasurer Telephone, Astoria 433 The WEISBERG-BAER CO. HIGH-GRADE INTERIOR WOODWORK WINDOW FRAMES, SASH AND DOORS \ BOULEVARD TO EAST RIVER ASTORIA, N. Y. CITY *.- Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens 117 j Broadway Trust Company LONG ISLAND CITY OFFICE Bridge Plaza Long Island City Capital and Surplus Assets - - - Member of New York Clearing House $2,250,000 20,000,000 DIRECTORS M. M. Belding, Belding Bros. & Co. M. M. Belding, Jr., Vice-President Eugene S. Benjamin, Pres. Industrial Mutual Liability Ins. Assn. Wm. C. Breed, Breed, Abbott & Morgan F. A. M. BuRRELL, Brooklyn, N. Y. James Clarke, James Clarke & Co. James Cochran, Brooklyn, N. Y. Warren Cruikshank, Prest. Cruikshank Co. Charles E. Finlay, Rickert Finlay Realty Co. John H. Flagler, New York William Gamble, William Gamble & Co. Emanuel Gerli, E. Gerli & Co. Walter M. Gladding, Vice-Pres. Borden's Cond. Milk Co. Horace Havemeyer, Havemeyers & Elder W. O. Jones, Vice-Pres. National Park Bank, New York Frederic G. Lee, President Adam K. Luke, Treas. West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. Martin A. Metzner, Young & Metzner George C. Meyer, Cord Meyer Development Co. Lewis E. Pierson, Prest. Austin Nichols & Co., Inc. J. L. Reiss, Prest. International Tailoring Co. Elbridge G. Snow, Prest. Home Insurance Co. Theo. F. Whitmarsh, Vice-Pres. Francis H. Leggett & Co Frank W. Woolworth, Prest. F. W. Woolworth & Co Banking Department Trust Department Foreign Exchange Department Bond Department Office, 233 BROADWAY New York City EIGHTH STREET OFFICE Broadway and Eighth Street FLATBUSH OFFICE 839 Flatbush Ave. Brooklyn, N. Y. AETNA OFFICE 92 West Broadway NEW UTRECHT OFFICE New Utrecht Ave. and 54th St. Brooklyn, N. Y. 118 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. GAS= LIGHT HEAT ENERGY FOR THE Home, Store, Factory Ready, Efficient, Economical, Clean It will PAY to visit our OFFICE Tel. 1671 JAMAICA will bring a representative The Jamaica Gas Light Co. 14-20 UNION AVENUE JAMAICA. N. Y. The Fir^ National Bank of Corona, N. Y. CAPITAL - - $100,000 SURPLUS (Earned) - 60,000 DEPOSITS - - 650.000 PRESIDENT - W. J. HAMILTON VICE-PRESIDENTS C. W. Copp Henry S. Johnston CASHIER Obadiah G. Alexander DIRECTORS O. G. Alexander I. L. Doughty M. E. Connolly Louis Gallucci C. W. Copp W. J. Hamilton A. G. Dimmerling J. L. M. Hathaway J. D. Dillingham H. S. Johnston G. B. Voorhees R. G. Lake G. J. Talleur FOR STANDARD GRADES OF BRICK, CEMENT, LIME GO TO THE Oldest Established and the Largest Dealers of MASONS' MATERIAL IN LONG ISLAND CITY :: BOROUGH OF QUEENS CLONIN & MESSENGER Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 119 fiOREST HILLS GARDENS is the property of the Sage Foundation Homes Company and is recognized to be the most comprehensive accompHshment in garden city or model town planning yet undertaken in America. Lest confusion and an indefinite impression exist as to just what Forest Hills Gardens is and represents, and in order to confute any opinion that it has been developed and undertaken with certain charitable or philanthropic objects in view, it is well to state that this is not its aim. Forest Hills Gardens is a high-class suburban residential community conducted upon strictly business principles. It is not for the laboring class and it is only philanthropic to that extent that the owners and developers are satisfied with a nominal return on the capital invested. The difference between this nominal profit which the Company is satisfied to obtain and the profit usually demanded by the real estate developer and builder is re-invested by the Company in additional improvements and refinements and applied toward securing a higher cultivation of esthetic principles as applied to suburban real estate development. It is a new type of high-class home community not to be confused with the usual ephemeral development filled with absurd fancies and individual idiosyncrasies. It is a successful project along garden city or model town planning lines and it contains the basis of a liberal education in this work. Four million dollars have been invested by owners in the purchase and improvement of the property ; 192 houses have been built of which 77 were completed this year, ranging in price from $7,900 to $75,000, at an average cost of $15,000 per house. Consideration of these facts will afford the most illuminating commentary on the Sage Foundation Homes Company's work. Residents of Queensboro particularly should visit Forest Hills Gardens and become familiar with this great progressive under- taking, located in their borough. Sage Foundation Homes Company Forest Hills, L. I., and 47 West 34th St., Manhattan 120 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. HARRIS AVE. AND WILLIAM ST. FACTORY BEING ERECTED FOR THE STERLING GUM CO. ONE OF THE RECENT LEASES NEGOTIATED IN LONG ISLAND CITY THROUGH CROSS a BROWi COMPANY Real Estate AND INSURANCE !r4000 Murray Hill 18 East 41 -Street NEW YORK CITY. SPECIALISTS IN LONG ISLAND CITY BUSINESS PROPERTY. JUMP LUMBER CO.,Inc. We Carry a Full Line of Second -Hand Building Materials, Plumbing, Heating, and Lighting Fixtures. Get our prices before buying elsewhere. LONG ISLAND CITY Borden and East Avenues Telephone, Hunters Point 3750 Telephones -j 4159 (Hunters Point Young & Metzner Bags and Bagging '^SUGAR BAG CLOTH" for covering Cotton Office & Factory, 321-379 Vernon Ave, LONG ISLAND CITY, N* Y. Docks, East River, Harris Avenue to Englis Street Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 121 1914 1914 was not a good year; TN fact it was a bad year for general business, regardless of the disturbances in Mexico and before affected by the horrible war in Europe, which broke out in the eighth month, business generally was "weary, stale and unprofitable." Nevertheless the growth of Long Island continued A MILLION more passengers and nearly a half "^^ million more tons of freight were carried by the Long Island Railroad in the year 1914 than in the previous year. npHE great public is continually growing in -*- knowledge of Long Island and consequently yielding to its attractiveness. T} EOPLE come to live on Long Island because ^^ they want homes with pleasant surroundings. They wish to live where they can easily and con- veniently visit the shores of the billowy sea, the tran- quil bays, and the sometimes billowy and sometimes tranquil sound and have the aquatic pleasures which they afford. TV/r ANUFACTURING industries come to Queens -^^-*- because Queens is in the City of New York, has the advantage of New York prestige, and by the Long Island Railroad shippers have the benefit of through car freight service with all the Trunk Line Railroads. TN the year 1914 there were located in Queens -■■ twenty-four manufacturing Industries, which, under full operation, will employ about seven thousand persons. nPHERE is need of houses for these people and -*- for the overflow of population from Manhat- tan, not only in Queens but extending into Nassau and Suffolk Counties. 122 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. CAPITAL and SURPLUS, $625,000.00 First Mortgage Guarantee Company Bridge Plaza North, Borough of Queens New York City WILLIAM H. WILLIAMS, President CLINTON R. JAMES, Vice-President H. PUSHAE WILLIAMS, Treasurer ARVINE C. LEACH, Secretary Money to Lend on Bond and Mortgage Building Loans Guaranteed Mortgages Netting 5i/^ Per Cent. For Sale QUEENS-COURT Queens, L. I., New York City 28 MINUTES FROM MANHATTAN Via 34th St., Penn. Station or Flatbush Ave. Station, Brooklyn Three Minutes From Queens Express Station, Long Island -Pennsylvania Electric System. One Hundred Trains Daily. SUBURBAN COTTAGES and SEMI-BUNGALOWS Built on Merit Moderate Priced Construction Guaranteed Every City Convenience Planned to Your Order Best of Materials A Quiet Home Residential RESTRICTED PARK Ideal social surroundings. Churches, Schools, Libraries, Tennis Courts, Gas, Electricity, Artesian Water. Built and Sold on Easy Terms. Write or Phone 3876 Cortlandt for detailed information and Illustrated Pamphlets QUEENS-COURT REALTY CO. J. MEAD BRIGGS, President 200 BROADWAY NEW YORK CITY Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 123 J-jAVE this thought in mind when you go to your place of business in Manhattan; Every day we are demonstrating to ^wide- awake^' business men the many advantages of GAS over other fuels for Industrial Purposes We not only point out the Economy that follows in the use of Gas, but we can prove that Gas is perfect from the Hygienic and Sanitary points of view. Should you be convinced that we can reduce your manufacturing costs, communicate with us and mention this publication. "The Right Way Is The Gas Way" Consolidated Gas Company of New York GEO. B. CORTELYOU, President 124 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. Everything that makes life Healthful, Happy and Interesting is found at ©n the Sounb JBeecbbucst Justly Styled ''THE PRIDE OF LONG ISLAND" BEECHHURST has: a sandy beach, bathing, boating, fishing, city water, gas, electricity and sewerage, stores, schools, churches and other necessities to suit all. ONLY 28 MINUTES FROM 33d STREET STATION OF PENNSYLVANIA R. R. Write, Phone or Call Shore Acres Realty Company 243 West 34th St., New York Telephone, 1760 Greeley 171 Flatbush Ave., Brooklyn Telephone, Prospect 8690 One Hour at Billiards Ev'ry Day Is Sure to Drive Brain Fag Away Appendicitis Never Gets a Bowler We are headquarters for everything in the Billiard and Bowling line The Brunswick- Balke-Collender Co. 29 West 32 d Street, New York Vacant Lots Do Not Pay BUILD ON THEM SEE WM. T, CLUTE BUILDER Specialty of Frame Construction 7 Skillman Place. Bridge Plaza, L. I. City Phone 871 Astoria 11 25th Street. Elmhurst, L. I. Phone 1098- J Newtown Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. 125 JACJl FE©ST 100% PURE CANE SUGAR Jack frost tablet sugar IN 2 LB. AND 5 LB. CARTONS JACK FROST GRANULATED SUGAR IN 2 LB., 3i LB. AND 5 LB CARTONS JACK FROST CONFECTIONER'S XXXX SUGAR IN ONE POUND CARTONS JACK FROST POWDERED SUGAR IN ONE POUND CARTONS THE MATroiMAL SKKS^E E^FIIMEM(S C®. 129 FRONT ST. ®F MEW JEMSEY NEW YORK 126 Chamber of Commerce of the Borough of Queens. FREE PAY ENVELOPES To manufacturing and mercantile firms located in Queens These PAY ENVELOPES entitle your employees to 5 per cent, discount at ALL CARS TRANSFER TO • THEHOMEorTRUTH"i 59™ TO 60™ STRECT ^ LEX.TO 3?AV \^}^S^ EARL A. GILLESPIE PLANING and MOULDING MILL Lumberjimber, Doors, Sash, Moulding SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO Turning, Band Sawing, Carving, and General Shop Work WOODHAVEN, L. I. REAL ESTATE r{:|lOPCENTHAU JR © 95 LIBERTY ST N Y SPECIALISTS I Water Supply Sewerage Garbage Disposal Property Development Surveys Architect Associated LEONARD C. L. SMITH M. AM. SOC. C. E. Consulting Engineer SUITE 206 QUEENS PLAZA COURT BUILDING LONG ISLAND CITY. N. Y. Plans and Specifications. Reports. Evaluations Branch Office: Queensboro Corporation Building Guaranteed Surveys made in Queens and Nassau Counties THIS BOOK WAS PRINTED BY THE Proofelp Cagle tresis; THE LARGEST ON LONG ISLAND ^TT All Manner of Job Printing Carefully and Promptly Done. ^^ Business or Personal Stationery Printed or Engraved. PROGRAMS and MENUS, BOOKLETS ^«^CATALOGS, POSTERS and SHOW CARDS, CALENDARS and MAGAZINES— In fact, anything that is printable. :: :: :: Estimates Cheerfully Given :: TELEPHONE 6200 MAIN Clje 38roofeljn Cagle printing ISep t. "DELIVERY WHEN PROMISED" OUR GUARANTEE ■w \ V ■■'■'mf>- c" . % .0 ■ 'bV^ .' .^^^^ .•^.^r ■a? ■<<• '^-^0^ .^^^^'^ '^ov^' f^'^:^»'': '-^^.^ .0- .V ^ ^^ - 3^ ^. ?^°-v V ^ HC ,v "«^^. .s^, ,^^ "^. .0 ^^-^^^ 'bv V- ... <-..--"-\c.** *-,.--<^'-A* ^.-^-.0** \ ^f^^ *o- 0' V- -V vj^. M^-yi' .-^v^sr ■ The figures in unall circles give the tinie ia minutes (or the in Manhattan, t)ie Bronx, and the Aslaria and Corona extensions in Qijeesg. The time to the stations in the Bronx is figured lor (rains operating from Grand Central Station over the new Lexington chamber of commerce of™e borough of queens Executive Offices Queeniboro Bridge Plaza — Long Island City New York City The figures in small circles in Brooklyn and on the Jamaica Avenue exteniion, the Liberty Avenue extension, and the Lutheran Cemetery extension in Queens Borough, give the nmning lime of Brooklyn Rapid Transit trains from Park Row or Chambers SlrecL The Fulton Street line time is over the Brooklyn Bridge, and that of the Lutheran Cemeleiy and the Jamaica Avenue and Liberty Avenue lines over the Willianuburg Bridge via Broadway. .-^q^ .40, >' ^y ^;i. ^^^'^^ -"Sif^iT'-* -OL^ V^^?^ "iS' r^ 0* 4 O '%.v'..^ '^^ "««v