Class _E-^4 Book U.*X-§>- sjk A POM A AT Jir nr\ f BOOKSELLERS. PUBLISHERS & IMPORTERS I HUiVliiiN OJ UUi) No. 419 Moutsomery street. HAND-BOOK OF ST ATLSTICS Compiled by HENRY G. LANGLEY, Editor o! the Slai'e Reglsier.'"^ CONTENTS. Calendar and Celestial Phenomena, by Thomas Tennent, Esq 1 to 16 Constitution of California, with the Amendments 17 to 31 Internal Kevenue Act. with notes, etc., by W. Y. Patch, Esq .!!!.".'." 32 to 46 Act to Secure Homesteads to Actual Settlers .".!!!'.'.!!!. 47 to 48 Acts regulating,' Sales of Swamp and Overflowed, and School Land's."...'.'.!. !..' 49 to 50 Government of the United States— Executive and Judicial ] '.'. 51 Envoys and Ministers to Foreign Countries. 51 Members of XXXVlIth Congress— Senate and House of Eepresentatives' ....* 52 to 53 Federal Officers m California , 54 to 55 Post-Offices and Postmasters !".'.!.!!".*.!!.*..! 56 to 57 Rates of Postage— Foreign and Domestic ............"."." 68 to 59 United States Courts *.*'.'.*.'.'.".*. 59 Internal Kevenue Districts ........'.'..,*., bi) Foreign Consuls residing at San Francisco ".*.'.'.'.'.'.!!".'.*.*.'.*.*. 60 Government of California - Executive Department ......'..'.'.'.!'.*.'.'. 61 Kepresentation in Congress .'.'.*.*..'.'.*.'.*.*.".".* 61 Members of the Legislature— Senate and Assembly .'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'*.'.'."'.." 61 to 62 Judges of the Supreme and District Courts -Judicial Districts— Terms".'.'.".'.'.'. 63 State Appointees— Notaries Public .'.'.'.'..'.' 64 to 66 Military Organization of the State '.*.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.".'." 67 Officers of the different Counties .'.'.'.'..'.'.'!.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.! 68 Population Statistics, 1860— United States, Great Britain, Slaves,' Caiifornia.'.' 69 to 71 Valuation of Real and Personal Property. Farms, Live Stock, etc 72 Facts from the Federal Census of 1860 -Wealth of California 73 to 74 Army of the United States !!!*.!!" 75 Navy of the United States— The Iron-clads 75 to 76 'Savy of Great Britain '.'.*.'.'...'.,.,. 77 Navy of France ........*...",''.*.*.'!.'.' 77 Navies of other Countries '.!!'.!".!!!'.'.!!*".!!! 75 Astronomical Stations on the Pacific Coast .'.*.'.'.'.".*.*.'.'.*.*.'.""" 78 to 79 Loyal States, Capitals, Governors, Time of holding Electionsj"etc".*.'.**.'',*".'.*' 80 Rebel (jloveriimciit g^) Rebel State.s, Governors, Capitals, Elections, etc 80 Electoral Vote of the Several States, 1852 to 1860 *..'"...'.'.'.,* 81 Debt of the United States and California «1 Official Vote of Caliioniia, 1849 to 1862 '.'■'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 82 List of Newspapers and Periodicals published in California 83 Measures not Men.. '..'..'.■.'.:::".".;: 84 to 86 Glossary of Military Terms 87 to 90 Chronological History of Events in California, 1862....'.'..*.''.'.*..".'!*.".*.''.'."'.'.*' 91 to 95 PKBCC:- •Ningle Copies, 50 cciitn; in ITIuslin, 75 cents. Paper, per doxen, 4.50; per lOO, $33. SAN FRANCISCO : HENRY G. LANGLEY, No. 536 WASHINGTON STREET 1863. Towne * Bacon, Printers, 536 Clay Street. JEW BOOKS RECEIVED BY EVERY STEAMER LA T) mV/T A TVT P nn Books Imported to Order on Short Notice by j J±, llUlVlAlN (fc UUi Hi INDEX. PAGE. Agricultural Implements bf U. S 73 Agricultural Prqd.uct? .of, ' Gaiifcrnia — .' ,'..■. .(74 .agricultural Pfo.3jQli Of -u. s. ...'.....'..:..'..'.. 7^ Assembly Members, Cal . .62 Astronomical Stations, Pac'flcCcas* . 78 teanks r,nd Brnkirig, U. S..l^. Barley Cror», Cfl 7i iiarle\ C.-cC, U. S ...... . . .74 Bean "Crop, Cal 74 Bean Crop, U. S... 74 Breweries, U. S 74 Buckwheat Crop, Cal 74 Butter Crop, Cal 74 Butter Crop, U. S 74 Calendar 5 California, Population 71 California State Govem't.6l California Wealth 74 Capitals of States 80 Cattle, Number Cal 74 Cattle, Number U. S 74 Celestial Phenomena 1 Census, California 71 Census, United States 69 Cheese Product, Cal 74 Cheese Product, U. S 74 Chronological Hist'ry Cal. 1862 91 Congress, Members of, Cal.61 Congress, Members of, U.S.52 Constitution, California... 17 Consuls, Foreign 60 Com Crop, Cal 74 Corn Crop, U. S 74 Cotton Crop, U. S 74 Cotton Goods, Manufac- ture, U. S 73 County Officers, Cal 68 Court, Supreme, Cal 62 Court, Supreme, U. S 51 Courts, County, Judges. . .68 Courts, District Judges .. .62 Courts, District, Terms . . .63 Courts, United States. .51, 59 Dairy Products, Cal 74 Dairy Products, U. S 74 Debt, Califoniia 81 Debt, United States 81 Department Pacific 55 Education, Great Britain.. 69 Education, United States. .73 Election Returns, Cal 82 Election Returns, U. S.... 81 Elections.State,when held.80 Facts from Census 1860 73 Farms, Value, Cal 74 Farms, Value, U. S 73 Federal Officers, Cal 54 Fisheries, Cal 74 Fisheries, U. S 74 Flour Products, U. S 73 PAGE. Foreign Consuls 60 Foreign Ministers 51 ;H'rench ,l>ay.v. ..,.,, 77 .fi'urniture, . Manufacture, United 3tavts..; 74 Gas, Manufaciurei, U. S — 74 Governors, State 80 Hay Crop, Cal 74 Ha?' Crop, U S. 74 Herschel's W38iht-r Table. 3 Hogs, Numbi. m. 27 even. 6 41 " 6 51 morn. 5 41 " 10 22 even. dPK. 1)1. 61 09 S 28 05 S 46 16 S 37 48 S 14 50 S h. m. 40 even. 6 22 " 6 19 morn. 5 06 '■' 9 45 even. dPff. m. 59 36 S 26 19 S 46 35 S 37 49 S 14 51 S h. m. 53 even. 6 02 " 5 43 morn. 4 27 " 9 04 even. deg. m, 56 50 S 24 21 S 46 50 S 37 46 S 14 53 S Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus STATE ALMANAC. [1863. 2d Month. FEBRUARY. 28 Days. MOON S PHASES. d h m I a h m San Francisco. -Full Moon 3 2 15 even. New Moon 17 6 56 even. " Last Quarter 11 2 36 morn. San Diego Full Moon 3 2 36 even. " Last Qiiai-ter 11 2 57 morn. Portland Fall Moon 3 2 15 even. " Last Quarter 11 2 36 morn. First Quarter. 25 4 24 morn. New Moon 17 7 17 even. First Quarter 25 4 45 morn. New Moon 17 6 56 even. First Quarter 25 4 24 morn. SAN FRANCISCO. SAN DIEGO. ASTORIA. D of M D of Sun's Declina'ion South Sun rises Sun sets Mooni S. =eta 1 (large) Low vrater. (large) P M 4 39 High water, (small) A M morn Low water, (small) A M 3 56 High water, (large) A H 7 09 High water, (small) P M 9 25 Moon sets B' M 5 07 High water, (large) A. M 10 36 High water, (small) Moon sets NO 1 S deg m s 17 03 10 H U 7 09 H H 5 19 B M 1 A M 5 10 9 24 A M 08 B M 5 44 2 Mo 16 45 53 7 08 5 20 5 58 10 05 5 03 12 4 39 7 49 8 25 9 53 5 47 11 15 43 6 19 3 Tu 16 28 20;7 07 5 21 rises 10 47 5 33 39 5 20 10 11 rises 11 56 1 14 rises 4 We 16 10 28 7 07 5 22 6 48 11 34 6 02 1 01 5 57 9 14 10 40 6 52 P.M. 1 43 6 40 6 Th 15 52 21 7 06 5 22 7 47 P. M. 6 28 1 24 6 38*10 00 11 00 7 48 1 34 2 22 7 44 6 Fri 15 &3 56 7 05 5 23 8 37 1 10 6 55 1 48 7 22.10 51 11 17 8 37 2 19 2 41 8 41 7 Sat. 15 15 16 7 04 5 24 9 49 small small large. large. .small large. 9 45 small large. 9 57 8 S 14 56 20 7 02 5 26 10 53 2 53 8 07 2 35 8 41|P. M. A.M. 10 47 3 48 3 25 11 07 9 Mo 14 37 09 7 01 5 27 11 59 4 07 9 02 3 03 9 31 147 3 11 15 11 50 4 49 4 01 morn 10 Tu 14 17 43 7 00 5 28 morn 5 31 10 08 3 41 10 28 59 morn 6 01 4 36 17 11 We 13 58 03 6 59*5 29 1 05 6 57 11 21 4 31 1136 4 51 2 05 55 7 22 5 28 1 28 12 Th 13 38 10 6 58 !5 30 2 12 8 20 mom 5 31 P.M. 6 17 3 29 1 59 8 43 6 29 2 37 13Fri 13 18 02 6 57 5 31 3 14 9 45 32 6 26 1 56 7 25 8 22 4 45 3 01 10 05 744 3 41 14 Sat. 12 57 42 6 5615 32 4 12 10 51 1 57 7 45 3 15 5 45 4 00*11 14 8 58 4 38 15 ;s 12 37 09 6 55'5 33 5 02 11 43 3 08 8 53 4 18] 8 59 5 lOj 9 37 6 42 4 52 A.M. 06 10 05 5 24 16 Mo 12 16 24 6 54 5 34 5 47 morn 4 10 9 55 7 27 5 39 11 09 6 04 17 Tu 1155 27 6 52^5 33 6 26 24 5 20 11 10 5 56 10 08 8 17 6 19 49 P.M. 6 36 18 We 11 34 196 515 37 sets 1 00 6 14 P.M. 6 38 10 30 9 04 sets 1 27 1 02 sets 19 Th 11 13 00 6 50 5 38 7 34 1 20 6 56 56 7 02^10 56 9 48 7 34 1 58 1 53 7 35 20 Fri 10 51 31 6 49 5 39 8 40 large. large. small small large. small 8 37 large. small 8 46 21 Sat. 10 29 51 6 485 40 9 45' 2 03 8 34 2 56 8 10 11 38 11 50 9 39 2 47 3 36 9 56 22 s 10 08 02 6 47J5 41 10 47 2 34 9 21 4 00 8 55 'A. M. P.M. 10 89 3 17 4 32 11 03 23 Mo 9 46 04*6 46 5 42 11 48 3 09 10 14 5 09 9 46) 19 2 09 11 38 3 48 5 23 morn 24 Tu 9 23 57 6 44 5 43 morn 3 55 11 13 6 21 10 45 1 16 3 22 morn 4 34 6 29 09 25 We 9 01 42 6 42'5 45 45 4 43 P.M. 7 37 11 49 morn 2 27 4 43 33 5 25 7 26 1 08 26 Th 8 39 19 6 40 5 46 1 40 5 29 69 8 29 3 41 6 05 1 27 6 29 8 38 2 06 27 Fri 8 16 49 6 39 5 47 2 30 6 26 1 51 9 24 41 4 36 7 00 2 16 7 30 9 41 2 56 28 Sat. 7 54 11 6 33 5 48 3 15 7 23 2 38 10 11 1 41 5 27 7 43 3 02 8 31 10 38 3 40 Epkemeris of the Planets for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month, [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] First Day. Tenth Day. Twentieth Day. rianet. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passajic. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Mercury Venus Ii. 111. 1 10 even. 1 05 " 5 40 " dec. 111. 48 18 S .52 20 S 22 03 S 47 00 S 37 37 S 14 54 S h. m. 05 even. 1 13 " 5 25 " 4 24 mora. 3 02 " 7 40 even dejr. rn. 48 54 S 48 20 S 20 26 S 47 01 S 37 27 S 14 55 S h. in. 10 56 morn. 1 20 even. 5 09 " 3 44 mom. 2 21 " 7 00 even. dee. m. 52 25 S 43 27 S Mars 18 44 S Jupiter 4 58 morn. 3 39 '< 8 16 even. 46 55 S Saturn 37 13 S Uranus 14 56 S 1863.] CALENDAR. 3d Month. MARCH. 31 Days. moon's phases. d h m San Francisco. . Full Moon 5 6 36 morn. " Last Quarter 12 10 45 San Diego Full Moon 5 6 57 Last Quarter 12 11 6 Portland FuUMoon 5 6 86 Last Quarter 12 10 45 d h m New Moon 19 6 27 morn. First Quarter 27 48 " New Moon 19 6 48 " First Quarter 27 1 9 " New Moon 19 6 27 " First Quarter 27 48 " SAN FRANCISCO. M 2Mo STu 4JWe 5Th 6Fn 7|Sat. 9 Mo 10 Tu 11 We 12|Th 13Fri 14* Sat. 15' S 16' Mo 17|Tu 18|We 19 Th 20Fri 2ljSat. 22 S 23 Mo 24' Tu 25Kve 26, Th 27Fri 28 Sat. 29 S 30 Mo 31 Tu Sun's Decliaation Seutia Sun rises Sun sets deg m SB u ' H M 7 31 26 6 37 5 49 7 OS 35 6 365 5o| 6 45 38 6 34 5 50' 6 22 366 33 5 51' 5 59 28 6 31 5 53 5 36 15 6 30 5 54 5 12 58 6 29 5 55 4 49 36 6 275 55 4 26 11 6 26'5 56 4 02 42|6 24' 5 58 3 39 lole 22I5 59 3 15 35' 6 21' 6 00 2 51 59'6 19 6 01 2 28 19,6 18'6 02 2 04 39' 6 1716 03 Hi?h water, (large) Low water, (large) High water, (small) SAN r>IEGO. 8 18 3 19 10 52 9 081 3 5411 22 _ ..^ 9 55! 4 2311 45 5 3610 421 4 48 'A. M. ' 5 17| 06 Low I High water. 'I water, (small) J large 2 38 3 33 6 17 , 6 56 4 18l 7 38: 4 59i 8 21' 5 42' 9 04 rises |ll 32: 7 40 small ismalllarge. large, timall 8 45 P. M N. 1 1 1 2 2 3 02 33 40 58 6 15 6 03 17 15 6 136 04 53 32; 6 11 6 05 29 48|6 lo'e 06 6 0716 09|6 07 17 34^6 07|6 07 41 15;6 06^6 09 01 64 6 046 10| 28 316 036 111 52 Oo'e 02 6 12 15 38'6 00'6 12| 39 0715 58|6 13 5 56,6 14' 9 50 11 02 morn 04 1 08 2 04 2 56 3 40 4 21I1I 15 4 5611 48 5 29'a. M. sets large. 7 26 36 8 30 59 2 01 3 04 4 21 5 46 7 14 8 27 9 36 10 31 3 22 56'5 55 6 15 3 49 14 5 53 6 16 4 12 28:5 51 6 17 9 33 10 31 11 30 morn 1 22 1 09 1 51 2 28 3 02 3 34 1 21 1 46 2 15 3 03 3 52 4 51 5 50 6 49 7 48 8 44 6 20 6 56 7 41 8 45 9 58 11 26 A.M 44 2 03 3 12 4 11 03 7 09 10 53 16 7 44hl 42 1 35' 8 22fP. M. 9 09! 2 04; 2 5510 13' 3 5211 22 4 48 5 14 P. M. 1 45 3 06 5 02 10 58 large. 6 42 7 27 8 08 8 51 9 33 10 33 11 22 P. M. 1 05 1 50 6 111 7 11 8 00 8 32! 9 00 9 23 6 29 1 54 7 48l 3 03 8 57 3 58 10 01 4 47, 6 26 small ' small » large . P.M. 6 30| 9 59 1 49 7 OmO 24 2 47 7 42^10 55 3 46* 8 23hl 34 4 4lj 9 05|a. M. 5 57' 10 091 23 6 52 11 04| 1 13 7 49'A. M.j 2 48 8 3S| 06| 4 01 9 23' 1 051 4 55 2 3410 02! 2 041 5 50 3 12' 10 34! 2 58) 6 39 High I watLT. 1 small j P M 8 21! 8 42: 9 Oi' 9 2li 9 30 large. 10 27' 10 54 11 32 A. M. 23 1 34 3 08' 4 31 5 39 6 40 7 30 8 18 small 9 53 10 45 11 34 P. M. 1 24 2 39 3 37 5 12 6 17 6 59 7 36 05 Moon Bets ASTORIA. High water, large High water. SDxall Moon sets 3 45| 9 2711 26 4 18 4 23^10 15 1 A. M.j 4 51 4 57(10 59| 02: 5 19 5 31U1 45| 26 5 46 rises!p. M.j 52' rises 7 385smair large. i 7 46 8 39 9 43 10 51 11 52 I morn 55 1 51 2 45: 10 00 52 51 59 18 38 53 3 31|10 54j 8 48 4 14ai 40' 9 57 4 52|A.M.!l0 55 5 28| 13 p. M. large. 'small 57 8 56 23 10 06 47 11 25 19 morn 58 28 sets 7 22: 8 22 9 24 10 21 11 17 morn 08 56^ 1 39' 2 18- 8 05 3 28 33 29 19 59 34 03 31 sets 7 35 8 48 _. 9 52 13 10 54 02 11 54 50 morn 47 6 55 7 55 8 55 9 49 2 54' 8 50 10 37i 9 4611 13' Ephemeris of the Planets for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] First Day. Tenth Day. Twentieth Day. Planet. Meridian passage. Declina- tion, doii. m. 38 50 S 17 20 S 46 45 S 36 57 S 14 55 S Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Venus h. m. 1 25 even. 4 54 " 3 07 morn. 143 " 6 25 even. ll. 111. 1 30 even. 4 42 " 2 29 morn. 1 06 " 5 50 even. deiT. m. 34 11 S 16 06 S 46 30 S 36 41 S 14 55 S h. ui. 1 36 even. 4 28 " 1 46 morn. 23 " 5 12 even. deg. 111. 29 08 S Mars 14 57 S Jupiter Saturn 46 08 S 36 21 S Uranus 14 54 S STATE ALMANAC. [1863. 4th Month. APRIL. 30 Days. MOON S PHASES. d 1) m I d h m San Francisco. .Full Moon 3 7 59 even.lXew Moon 17 6 55 even. Last Quarter 10 5 13 San Diego Full Moon 3 8 20 Last (Quarter 10 5 34 Portland Full Moon 3 7 59 Last Quarter 10 5 13 First Quarter 25 7 58 New Moon 17 7 16 First Quarter 25 8 19 iS'ew Moon 17 6 55 First Quarter 25 7 58 SAN FKANCISCO. SAN DIEGO. ASTORIA. D of M D of W We Sun's Declination North de? m 3 4 35 37 Sun Sun Moon rises gets sets High water, large Low watiT. large High water, small Low water, small Hi;h water, large A M 7 21 High water, small Moon sets High water, large fciigh water, small Moon sets NO 1 B U H M H M 5 50 6 19 4 05 X M 9 37 P M P M 3 4311 01 A. M 3 48 P M 8 21 B H 4 02 i. M 10 .38 P M 11 45 H M 4 12 2 Th 4 58 42 5 48 6 20! 4 34 10 26 4 11 11 22 4 37 S 06 8 32 4 as 11 24 A. M. 435 3 Fri 5 21 41 5 47 6 21 rises small small large. large. small large. rises small lai-ge. rises 4 Sat. 5 44 355 46'6 22 7 40 P.M. 5 18;A. M. 6 04 9 56 9 30 7 31 P. M. 8 37] 2 02 9 43 2 54 46 7 53 5 s 6 07 225 446 22 8 47 100 5 55! 14 6 42 10 43 9 55 1 22 9 06 6 Mo 6.30 045 436 23 9 54 2 02 6 39 34 7 21 11 33 10 27 1 49 10 18 7Tu 6 52 38 5 42 6 2411 00 3 07 7 31 1 02 8 07 P. M. 11 0910 47 3 50 2 21 11 24 SlWe 7 15 06 5 40 6 24 morn 4 21 8 33 1 41 8 59 1 37 A. M.ill 47 4 43 2 57 morn 9Tli 7 37 27^5 386 25 01 5 50,10 02 2 27 9 57 2 57 05 morn 5 54 3 44 24 10 Fri 7 59 405 36 6 26 53 7 0711 24 3 50 11 20 4 35 1 17 41] 7 09 1 291 8 23 4 47 1 16 11 Sat. 8 21 45 5 35 6 27| 1 39 8 14' A.M. 5 09 P. M. 5 56 2 55 6 00 1 68 12S 8 43 42 5 34 6 28 2 19 9 14 41 6 26 141 6 49 7 36 4 24 2 ll| 9 29 7 18 2 34 13 Mo 9 05 30 5 32'6 28 2 56 10 06' 1 55 7 40 2 41 5 29 2 5lh0 27 8 32 3 06 14 Tu 9 27 095 31'6 29 3 29 10 43, 3 02' 8 52 3 .38 8 05 6 34 3 26 11 07 9 42 3 33 15 We 9 48 395 306 30 4 00 11 14 3 57 9 53 4 2l| 8 25 7 23 4 01-11 41 10 42 3 59 16 Th 10 09 59 5 286 32 4 32 large, large. 'small small large. small 4 35 large. small 4 26 17 Fri 10 31 10 5 27 6 S3 5 05 11 53 5 43 11 55 5 31; 8 51 9 16 5 111 A.M. P.M. 454 18 Sat. 10 52 09 5 266 34 sets 11 59 6 21 P. M. 5 57! 9 12 10 01 sets 1 30 8 091 56 1 45 sets 19 S 11 12 585 24 6 34 8 19 A. M. 6 46 1 25 6 20 9 42 10 44 2 31 8 40 20 Mo 11 33 36 5 236 35 9 17 24 7 42 2 50 7 14; 10 13 11 32 9 06l 1 27 3 22 9 41 21 Tu 11 .54 03 5 22 6 36 10 11 p 50 8 20 3 44 7 56; 10 52 P.M. 9 58] 1 55 3 5610 35 22 We 12 14 17j5 21 6 37 11 01 1 19 8 49 4 19 8 31' 11 40 1 0810 48 2 30 2 04 11 33 3 10 4 39 11 25 23 Th 12 34 205 20 6 3811 45 2 09i 9 34; 5 07 9 24' A.M. 5 21 morn 24 Fri 12 54 1015 18 6 39 morn 3 10 10 25 5 58 10 25 37 2 53 morn' 4 01 6 08 09 25 Sat. 13 13 48 5 166 40 24 4 14:11 15 6 48 11 29 2 00 4 04 14 5 02 7 01 46 26 S 13 33 14 5 15 6 41 1 00 5 18'P. M. 7 32 A. M. 3 20 5 06 51^ 6 05 7 52 117 27 Mo 13 52 2315 14 6 42 1 33 6 23 51 8 13 2S] 4 31 5 57 1 26j 7 12 8 39 1 46 28 Tu 14 11 20 5 12 6 42 2 03 7 27 1 33 8 51 1 27, 5 28 6 28 1 59 8 19 9 26 2 11 29 We 14 30 04 5 11 6 43 2 32 8 30 2 15 9 26 2 27 6 28 6 54 2 30] 9 23 3 03; smaU 10 06 2 36 30 Th 14 48 33j5 10 6 44 3 02 small] small large. large, f small large. large. 3 01 Ephcmeris of the Planets for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month, [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] Name of First ])ay. Tonth Day. Twentieth Day. Planet. Meridian passasic. Declina- tion. Meridian passa!,'e. Declina- tion. Meridian' passage. Declina- tion. Venu.s h. m. 1 44 even. 4 12 " 54 mom. 11 29 even. 4 26 « dc>K. m. 23 30 S 13 54 S 45 37 S 35 59 S 14 52 S h. m. 1 52 even. 4 00 " 15 morn. 10 51 even. 3 52 " deg. m. 19 48 S 13 20 S 45 12 S 35 43 S 14 50 S h. m. 2 02 even. 3 47 •' 11 26 " 10 09 " 3 14 " deff. in. 16 26 S Mars Jupiter 13 00 S 44 44 S Saturn 35 28 S Uranus 14 48 S 1863.] CALENDAR. 5tli Montli. MAY. 31 Days. moon's phases. d h m I d h m .Fill] Moon 3 6 42 morn. New Moon 17 8 38 morn. San Francisco. " Last Quarter 9 11 Seven. San Diego Full Moon 3 7 3 morn. " Last Quarter 9 11 26 even. Portland Full Moon 3 6 42 morn. '* Last Quarter 9 11 Seven. First Quarter 25 37 even. New Moon 17 8 59 morn. First Quarter 25 58 even. New Moon 17 8 38 morn. First Quarter 25 37 even. SAN FKANCISCO. SAN DIEGO. ASTORIA. D of M D of W Fri Declination' ""^ Korth 1 '•'■'^ Sua Moon sets sets Hi?h 1 Low water. ! water, small 1 small High water, large Low water, large High water, small High water, large Moon sets High water, small A M 11 12 P.M. High water, large Moon sets KO 1 deg m SH MH m!hm 15 06 47 5 09 6 45 3 33 A M 1 P .M ' P M 10 18 3 32 10 28 A M 4 17 A M 8 10 P M 1 B M 7 44; 3 37 P M 11 25 B M 3 27 2 Sat. 15 24 465 08 6 46 4 10 11 15 4 1010 49 4 56 9 00 8 12 4 16 11 51 4 09 3 s 15 42 315 076 47 rises P.M. 4 5111 14 5 36 9 48! 8 42 rises 59 A.M. rises 4 Mo 15 59 595 05 6 49 8 46 1 19 5 43 11 53 6 19 10 44' 9 22 8 33 2 06 2 56 3 49 26 9 10 5 Tu 16 17 125 046 50 9 52 2 20 6 32 A.M. 7 11 11 34 10 02 9 40 1 13 10 18 6 We 16 34 09 5 03 6 5110 48 3 26' 7 38 26 7 56 P.M. 10 5210 36 1 31 11 51 11 27 1 57 11 12 7 Th' 16 50 49 5 02 6 52,11 37 4 28 8 45 1 26' 8 56 4 40 2 42 11 58 8 Fri 17 07 13 5 02 6 52 morn 9 37 10 04 2 30| 9 55 2 35 A. M. morn 4 04 1 03' 12 5 39 3 31 morn 9 Sat. 17 23 19 5 01 6 53 20 6 44 11 25 3 49 11 04 6 45 4 34 36 10 S 17 39 08 5 00 6 54 57 7 41'A. M. 5 10 P.M. 5 18, 2 44; 51 7 50 5 48, 1 OS 11 Mo 17 54 404 59 6 55 1 30 8 31 37 6 27 113 6 07j 4 16 1 27 8 45 7 05 1 36 12 Tu 18 09 53 4 57 6 55 2 02 9 15 1 45 7 41 2 09 6 45' 5 25' 2 02 large, small' 2 36 7 23 7 46 3 11 7 46i 8 33' 3 47 8 13' 9 18 4 26 9 36 8 20 2 02 13 We 18 24 494 56 6 56' 2 33 large, large. small small large. small 2 28 14 Th 18 39 26 4 55 6 56 3 06 10 15 3 57 10 09 3 45 10 49 10 41 2 56 15 Fri 18 53 444 54 6 57, 3 39 10 39 4 4311 05 4 19 11 16 11 38 3 24 16'Sat. 19 17 434 54 6 58 4 17 10 58' 5 26'P. M. 5 00 11 45 P.M. 3 58 ITS 19 21 23 4 536 59' 4 54 11 19 6 03 58 5 35 8 35 10 03 5 05 A. M. 1 20 4 35 18 Mo 19 34 42 4 527 00' sets 11 34' 6 37 1 45 6 09 9 0810 41 sets 13 2 14 sets 19Tu 19 47 424 517 01 8 55 A. M. 7 04 2 28 6 40 9 42 11 24 8 42 51' 3 00' 9 20 20\7e 20 00 224 50'7 021 9 41 11 7 36 3 09 7 26| 10 21 P. M.! 9 28 1 26 3 37 10 05 21 Th 20 12 414 49 7 0310 22 52' 8 07 3 40 8 07 11 12 45 10 12 2 03 4 1010 45 22jFri '20 24 40'4 49 7 04 10 58 1 42 8 43 4 16 8 57 A.M. 1 28 10 49 2 44' 4 43 11 17 23Sat.'20 36 174 48 7 05ll 42 2 39 3 25 4 53 9 49 07 1 5311 34 3 30 5 17 11 57 24' S '20 47 34I4 48 7 06 morn 4 01 10 29 5 51 11 05 1 33 2 5911 56 4 42 6 09 morn 25'Mo 20 58 29^4 47 7 07 02 4 53 10 59 6 17 11 53 2 38 3 38 morn 5 3ll 6 38 12 26 Tu 21 09 02'4 47 7 07 33 6 01 11 46 6 57 morn 4 02 4 28 29 6 41 7 24 38 27 We 21 19 14 4 46:7 08 1 01 small small large. large. small large. 1 01 small large. 1 02 28 Th 21 29 03 4 45 7 09 1 31 8 09 P. M. 8 19 1 56 6 20 5 54 1 34 8 56, 9 09 1 27 29Fri 21 38 304 457 10 2 04 9 18^ 2 13 8 52 2 47 7 22 6 34 2 07 10 02 9 49 1 54 30 Sat. 21 47 35 4 44 7 10 2 40 10 26 3 03 9 26 3 39 8 13 7 07 2 48 11 08 10 35' 2 26 3l[s 21 56 16 4 44 7 11 3 22 11 30 3 54 10 04 4 31 9 01 7 39 3 31 P. M. 11 13 3 02 Ephemcris of the Planets for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] First Day. Tenth Day. Twentieth Day. Planet. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. li. m. 2 38 even. 3 10 " 9 17 " 8 06 " 1 23 >' Declina- tion. Venus h m. 2 14 even. 3 33 " deg. Ill, 13 50 S 12 58 S 44 15 S 35 15 S 14 45 S h. m. 2 26 even. 3 22 *■' 9 59 " 8 47 " 1 59 « dejr. m. 12 40 S 13 12 S 43 55 S 35 07 S 14 43 S dPK- m. 12 28 S Mars 13 44 S Jupiter 10 38 " 48 38 S Saturn 9 24 " 2 33 " 85 03 S Uranus 14 40 S 10 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. 6th Month. JUNE. 30 Days. SanFi San D] << Portia ancisco. .Full Moon. . MOON S PHASES d h m i 1 3 2npvon. 'l Vew Moon irst Quarter. . . . Full jMoon a h m ,15 11 26 even. ' Last Quarter 8 5 42 morn. : ego Full Jloon 1 3 41 even. ] . .24 2 21 morn. .30 10 36 even. S'cw Moon .15 11 47 " Last Quarter 8 6 3 niorn.i; ad Full Moon 1 3 20 even. ] Mnst Quarter Full Moon .24 2 42 morn, . .30 10 57 even. Sew Moon r'irst Quarter.... Full Moon ,.15 11 26 " Last Quarter 8 5 42 morn.i .24 2 21 morn, ,,30 10 86 even. SAN FRANCISCO. SAN DIEGO. ASTORIA. D; D ■ Of of M W 1 Defhnation 8"° i Sun Moon North 1 '^^^ 1 sets rises High 1 Low 1 Hijh Low water. ' water, i water. | water, small I small \ large 1 large Hicrh 1 High ; water, i water. 1 . Moon small 1 large 1 "^e» High High water, water, small j large P MIA M 102 a.m. Moon rises Ko' 1 iMo Jeg m SB MH MHM 22 04 So 4 43 7 11 rises P m'p MIP M A m8a m'p M B m| 28 4 4010 34 5 225 9 52 8 20 rises H M rises 2Tu 22 12 324 437 11 8 36 1 34 5 4611 34 6 04;10 42 9 02 8 23 22 20 044 43 7 12 9 30! 2 27^ 6 44 a.m.' 7 04-11 30 9 50 9 19 2 01 03 9 00 3 We 2 52 54 9 52 4Th 22 27 14 4 43 7 1210 17' 3 16 7 43 29 7 54 p.m. 13 4310 08 22 34 00 4 43 7 1310 58' 4 06 8 47 1 28 8 43U 0611 4610 51 3 38 1 4310 36 5Fri 4 21 2 33 11 11 6 Sat. 22 40 22 4 43 7 1311 33 5 0410 00 2 32 9 33] 1 58 a.m. H 28 5 10 3 24 11 40 7!s 22 46 214 43 7 14 morn 5 5911 13 3 5010 361 3 07 56 morn 6 02 4 26 morn 8 Mo 22 51 55 4 42 7 14; 05 6 50 a.m. 1 5 0911 37| 4 16 2 25 04 6 56 5 37 007 9Tu 22 57 06 4 42 7 15 37 larj^e.! lar^e small small ^large. smalL -39 largo, small 34 10 We 23 01 524 427 16 1 08 8 25' 1 19 7 21 p.m. | 5 45 5 24 1 13 8 45 7 59 1 00 11 Th 23 06 144 427 16 1 41 9 04 2 31 8 43 2 19] 6 23 6 31 1 48 23 10 12 4 42 7 17 2 06 9 84 3 82 9 54 3 08] 6 53 7 33 2 25 23 13 45 4 42 7 17| 2 54 9 59 4 21 11 00 3 55] 7 10 8 25 3 05 9 32 9 14 128 12Fri 10 11 10 21 1 58 13 Sat 10 4411 26 2 32 14 S 23 16 534 42 7 17 3 3810 23 5 0411 59 4 36j 7 48 9 06^ 3 50 23 19 37 4 42 7 18 4 2310 46' 5 41 p.m.1 5 13 8 16 9 54 4 35 11 16 P.M. 3 14 15 Mo 11 50 1 11 3 58 16 Tu 23 21 57 4 42 7 18 sets 11 10' 6 16 1 40 5 52 8 4410 32 sots A.M.i 1 51 sets 17 We 23 23 51 4 42 7 18 8 21 11 5o' 6 40 2 10 6 22 9 21 11 08 8 10 27 2 38 8 44 18 Th 23 25 214 42 7 19 8 59 A.M. 7 15 2 48 7 05il0 0011 45 8 49 1 04 3 11 9 19 19Fri 23 26 264 42 7 19, 9 33 32 7 33 3 06 7 47;10 45 p.m.' 9 25 1 41 3 40 9 49 20 Sat. 23 27 004 42 7 1910 05 1 17 8 03 3 31 8 27^11 37 49 9 59 2 21 4 08 10 17 21i«, 23 27 13 4 42 7 2010 -33 2 09 8 37 3 59 9 13U.M. 1 2310 28 3 02 4 2910 40 22 Mo 23 27 12 4 42 7 2011 02 3 10 9 16 4 3410 10 1 34 1 8410 57 23 26 37 4 42 7 2011 31 4 2010 05 5 1611 13] 1 50 2 1611 32 23 25 38 4 43 7 20mornsmall'smalllarg;e. large. .small large, morn 23 24 154 43 7 20 02 6 3111 45^ 6 41 a.m.! 4 47 4 21 06 3 54 5 01 11 05 23 Tu 4 56 5 39 11 29 24 We small large. 11 55 25 Th 7 OS 7 21 morn 26Fri 23 22 26 4 4417 20' 35 7 46'p.M.I 7 20 1 08 5 57 5 09 41 8 21i 8 08 23 27jSat. 23 20 134 447 20 1 13 9 05 1 42 8 05 2 07 7 03 5 57 1 22 9 41 9 08 56 28^ 23 17 3G 4 44 7 20 1 58 10 20 2 44 8 54, 3 10 8 04 6 42 2 07 10 55 10 02 1 56 29 Mo 23 14 34 4 45 7 21 2 49 11 28 3 40 9 34 4 15 8 55 7 23 3 02 P.M. 11 02 2 25 30 Tu 23 11 07 4 45 7 21 rises P.M. 4 4510 33 5 04 9 48 8 08 rises 56 11 49 rises Epkemeris of the Planets for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] First Day. Tenth Day. Twentieth Day. Planet. Meridian passage. li. m. ""^ 2 ,52 even. 2 54 " 8 27 " 7 19 " 39 " Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian , passage. Declina- tion. Venus Mars Jupiter Saturn dop. in. 13 44 S 14 44 S 43 25 S 35 02 S 14 37 S li. in. 3 00 even. 2 43 " 7 51 " 6 44 " 05 " dof.'. m. 15 42 S 15 45 S 43 23 S 35 06 S 14 34 S h. m 3 06 even. 2 29 " 7 11 " 6 05 " 11 28 mom. dep. m. . 18 43 S 17 08 S 43 26 S 35 14 S Uranus 14 32 S 1863.] CALENDAR. 11 7th Month. JULY. 31 Days. moon's phases. d h m I d h m San Francisco. .Last Quarter 7 2 18 even. iFirst Quarter 23 1 22 even. Now Moon 15 2 44 San Diego Last Quarter 7 2 39 " New Moon 15 3 5 Portland Last Quarter 7 2 18 " Kew Moon 15 2 44 iFull Moon 30 5 23 morn. i First Quarter 23 1 43 even. Full Moon 30 5 44 morn. [First Quarter 23 1 22 even. Full Moon 30 5 23 morn. SAN FRANCISCO. Sun's Declination North Idpg m s Sun rises Sun sets We 23 7 16 4 46 7 21 Th |23 3 11 4 46 7 21 3'Fri :22 58 22 4 47 7 21 4:Sat.22 53 19 4 47 7 21 6| S 122 47 5l'4 48 7 20 Moon rises High water small 8 07 1 25 Low water small High water large 5 42 11 27i 8 53 2 13 6 40 A.M.; 9 31 2 56* 7 37| 25 Low water large 6 03 6 52 7 40 8 23 9 08 SAN DIEGO. ASTORIA. High I water | small I High I water large Moon rises 10 07 3 36 8 32: 1 22 10 38: 4 23 9 37i 2 22 6|Mo |22 42 00l4 48 7 20J11 11| 5 1410 50j 3 3310 01 7|Tu I22 35 45j4 49 7 20|11 44 large large 'small small 8,We |22 29 084 49 7 20morn{ 6 37 a.m.! 6 1911 55 9 Th 22 22 05 4 50 7 19 io'Fri '22 14 40 '4 50 7 19 ll|Sat.)22 06 53;4 51 7 19 12! ^ I2I 58 42 14 51 7 19 13' Mo j21 50 08 j4 52 7 18 14 Tu 21 41 12.4 52 7 18 15 We !21 32 54 4 53 7 18 16 Th 17Fri 18 Sat. 19'^ 20 Mo 21 Tu 22We 23 Th 24Fri 25 Sat. 26 ^ 27 Mo 28 Tu 29 We 30 Th 31Fri 21 22 14 4 54 7 17 21 15 38l4 55 7 17 21 01 49'4 56 7 16 20 51 04'4 56 7 16 20 39 58;4 57 7 15' 9 33^ 1 59 18| 7 21 55' 8 01 1 36' 8 36 2 20I 9 09 3 09' 9 36 4 02 10 11 4 56 10 49 sets 111 37 8 Os'a.m.I 8 36 22 9 06' 1 08 05' 'i 27 p. M 08: 8 47 06 10 01 54 11 02 39 P.M. 06, 36 36, 1 1 2 2 2 2 04 38 6 50 7 14 7 44 1 42 2 38 3 26 4 15 4 48 5 26 6 04 6 52 High water small High water large A.M. 42 Moon rises 8 27 9 08 10 33, 8 53 7 57 1 51 11 14' 9 42 8 44 2 37 11 54 10 34I 9 26 ! 3 19 P.M. '11 82!l0 04; 3 56 1 20Ia.m.|10 38 i 4 3;^ 2 10| 38jll 14 5 18 large smalljll 50 | large small 11 32 1 32; 9 41 2 2210 11 3 ll'lO 37 4 08 11 04 4 03 4 53 5 36 6 16 6 48 7 li 7 56' 8 29 10 20 9 07 10 45 9 49 11 11 7 26 no 3311 35' 8 08 hi 2411 59| 8 52|a.m.!p.m. 3 45 morn 5 I3I 26 6 25 7 26! 8 22! 9 04! 9 43 1 05 1 48 2 33 3 22 4 14 5 06 sets 8 00 8 32 9 03 9 33 6 55; 6 30 morn 20 28 31|4 58 7 1410 03 smallsmall large large 20 16 44'4 59 7 14 10 36^ 3 55; 9 09! 4 05 10 33 20 04 36|4 59 7 13 11 lol 5 12 10 07 4 46 11 33 19 52 09^5 007 12 11 49' 6 32 11 09 5 32 19 39 2l'5 017 11 morn' 7 51'p.m. 6 25 a.m. 37 19 26 14 5 02 7 10 37! 9 13 1 25! 7 19 19 12 49 5 03 7 09 1 31 10 32; 2 44' 8 32 18 59 035 04 7 08 2 33 11 32: 3 49! 9 34 18 44 59 5 04 7 07 3 43 p.m. I 4 49,10 34| 18 30 375 05 7 06 rises I 1 03' 5 44 11 29 18 15 565 06 7 05 8 01 1 44! 6 40'a.M.1 small large ,10 06 1 28^ 1 0210 41 ' 2 04 11 18 3 1811 59 4 26 morn 5 27! 48 6 24 7 14 8 09 2 52 4 24 5 43 43| 6 59 49] 8 04 02f 8 54 59I 9 41 49 ho 17 1 43 2 45 3 54 6 30110 42 9 40 7 58 7 46| 7 44 8 39! 9 01 9 2510 14 10 11 11 20 10 48 P.M. 11 26; 57 02 35 A.M. 06! 46' 1 26' 2 08' 2 53 13 56 45 38 34 sets 8 20 8 45 9 10 9 33 small large [ 9 58 4 31' 4 44:10 26 5 25 10 55 6 21J11 30 7 20morn 5 38 6 54 8 13 9 38 10 51 8 39 9 44 11 55 10 46 P.M., 11 43 33a.m. 1 2 111 36 14 1 06 2 08 3 20 rises 7 48 Ephemeris of the Plancta for First, Tenth and Tn-entlcth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] Name of First Day. Tenth Day. Twentieth Day. Planet. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. dci.'. m. 26 37 S 20 29 S 43 52 S 35 41 S 14 28 S ^Meridian passage, li. m. 3 06 even. 1 46 " 5 20 " 4 13 " 9 38 morn. Declina- tion. Venus h. m. 3 09 even. 2 14 « 6 30 " 5 24 " 10 48 morn. deg. m. 22 49 S 18 51 S 48 37 S 35 27 S 14 30 S h. m. 3 09 even. 2 01 " 5 56 " 4 50 " 10 15 mom. Uetr. m. 31 06 S 22 28 S 44 15 S 35 59 S 14 25 S Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus 12 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. 8th Month. AUGUST. 31 Days. MOON S PHASES. d h m I d h m San Francisco. . Last Quarter 6 1 55 morn. 'First Quarter 21 10 10 even. ]S'ew Moon 14 5 53 San Diego Last Quarter 6 2 16 " KewMoon 14 6 14 Portland Last Quarter 6 1 55 " Kew Moon 14 5 53 Full Moon 28 45 First Quarter 21 10 31 Full Moon 28 1 6 First Quarter 21 10 10 Full Moon 28 45 SAN FRANCISCO. Sun ISat 3 Mo 4Tu 5 We 6Th 7Fri SSat. 9S 10 Mo 11 Tu 12 We 13 Th 14Fri 15 Sat. 16' mall small 59! 6 35 large large: small 6 43 10 32 6 41 11 22 6 40 morn 6 39i 18 6 37 6 35 6 33 6 31 6 30 6 29 6 27 1 22 2 31 3 41 rises 7 06 7 40 8 16 51 7 05 46 7 41 55| 8 32 18| 9 42 3510 47 8 OO'p.M, 9 14{ 10 211 11 14! 11 53j P.M.I 1 Olj large 1 48 1 41 2 01 2 20 7 47:11 24 8 29'a.m. large 8 16 , 9 07 p 18 2 55 10 OOj 1 19 3 52 11 10^ 2 33 4 4liA.M.j 4 10 6 OOl 11! 5 44 7 16 1 30? 6 54 8 33| 2 4l| 7 58 9 40 3 4811 8 41 10 39 4 41 I 9 14 11 36 5 25I 9 46 A.M.! 6 04! 9 54 small small' large 1 46| 7 22il0 34 55 16 52 13j I2I 8 08| 8 49; 9 18j 9 46; 10 io| 10 30' large! 11 03 11 22 11 30 P.M. I 11 33 04 14 26 21 8 12 9 04 9 38 small 11 44 I 8 36 ! 9 13 I 9 48 10 25 II 06 11 46 morn 31 1 19 2 09 High I High water ! waier small I large Moon rises 2 43 1 26' 8 37 3 13' 2 18' 9 06 large small 9 33 4 15 4 0610 03 5 01: 5 04 10 38 6 1611 13 7 3211 55 8 49 morn 9 55! 41 J-, 9 42 10 59 1 33 3 00|10 2611 53 2 27 3 55fll 07 P.M.! 3 27 4 49! 11 49, 1 06; ^ets JA.M. 1 36 7 08J 38 1 31! 7 38 Ismail! large 09] 1 57I 2 17J 2 43 8 42 9 17 9 58 4 23 10 42 11 31 3 29' 4 26 .sets 7 16 7 40 8 04 8 30 9 58 5 31 6 46 2 30 2 56| 3 16; 9 32 3 50 10 10 4 38 10 58 morn 8 07] 5 47 11 53 7 00 morn 8 19 58 9 37! 2 11 10 45 3 25 1 03 11 39 rises 1 29|a.m. 7 05 large.small 7 34 8 22I 2 2l| 2 2l| 8 05 9 28: 10 42! 30 1 33 2 41 1 11 42' 3 49 P.M. rises 7 07 7 44 Ephemeris of the Planefs for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] First Day. i Tenth Day. Twcntietli Day. Planet. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. • Declina- tion. h. m. 2 57 even. 1 28 " 4 38 " 3 30 " 8 53 mom. deg. m. 36 a5 S 25 05 S 44 48 S 36 25 S 14 24 S h. ni. 2 45 even. 1 14 " 4 07 " 2 57 " 8 20 mom. dpg. m. 40 32 S 27 10 S 45 17 S 36 47 S 14 23 S h. m. 2 27 even. 58 " 3 33 " 2 22 " 7 41 mom. deg. m. 44 32 S Mars 29 ,35 S 45 53 S Saturn 37 12 S Uranus 14 21 S 1863.] CALENDAR. 13 9th Month. SEPTEMBER. 30 Days. San Francisco. MOON s d h .Last Quarter 4 4 59 even. 'First Quarter New Moon 12 8 32 " San Diego Last Quarter 4 5 20 New Moon 12 8 53 Portland Last Quarter 4 4 59 New Moon 12 8 32 PHASES. n I a 20 Full Moon 26 First Quarter 20 Full Moon 26 10 13 even. First Quarter 20 5 23 morn. Full Moon 26 9 52 even. h m 5 23 morn, 9 52 even. 5 44 morn. SAN FRANCISCO. SAN DIEGO. 1 ASTORIA. D D of of M W ^orth 1 '^'^" 1 °^" Moon rises High water large P M 2 15 Low water large P M 9 02 High water small A M 2 38 Low water small A M 7 52 High water large A M 11 08 High water small Moon rises High water large High water (mall A M 3 10 Moon rises NO ITu deg in sH MH MHM 8 15 345 34 6 26 8 53 A M A.M. B M 9 02 P M 2 49 H M 8 37 2 We 7 53 43 5 35 6 25' 9 33 2 50 9 55 3 41 8 36 11 52 40 9 43 3 23 4 04 9 12 3Tli 7 31 435 38 6 2410 16 3 34 10 52 4 50 9 27 P.M.I 1 42 10 28 4 05 4 58 9 53 4Fri 7 09 36 5 36 6 23 11 03 4 28 11 58 6 00 10 24 2 03 2 48 11 16 5 06 6 0010 39 5 Sat. 6 47 22 5 37 6 21 11 52 5 17 A.M. 7 22 11 34 3 20 4 19 morn 6 10 7 07 11 28 6S 6 25 02 5 38 6 19 morn 6 11 47 8 17 P.M. 4 23: 5 44 04 7 13 8 19 morn 7 Mo 6 02 35 5 39 6 17 45 7 10 1 36 9 09 1 26 5 19 6 47 56 8 18 9 24 22 8Tu 5 40 Ol's 39 6 16 1 38 8 08 2 25 9 58 2 25 3 20 6 12 7 35 1 48 9 15 10 25 1 18 9AVe 5 17 22^5 406 15 2 34 8 54 3 06 10 39 6 55 8 16 2 42'10 08 11 14 2 18 10 Th 4 54 385 41 6 13 3 30 9 43 3 4011 08 4 04 7 36 8 41 3 36^10 56 11 55 3 18 11 Fri 4 31 48 5 41 6 12 4 27 10 29 4 11 11 33 4 47 8 22 9 02 4 3I5II 41 P.M. 4 20 12 Sat. 4 08 545 42 6 10 5 24 11 15 4 3511 53 5 29 large 9 10 9 22 5 26 A.M. 48 5 22 13 S 3 45 555 436 09 sets small small large small large sets small large. sets 14 Mo 3 22 53 5 446 07 6 41 A.M. 5 27 P.M. 6 51 10 36 9 50 6 44' 1 09 1 22 6 34 15 Tu 2 59 46 5 45 6 04 7 16 1 04 5 59 38 7 25 11 2510 10 7 23: 1 53 1 40 7 06 16 We 2 36 37 5 46 6 03 7 51 2 02 6 39 1 02 8 07 A.M. 10 37 7 59: 2 44 2 11 7 35 17Th 2 13 24 5 47 6 02 8 32 2 58 7 22 1 32 8 50 14 10 52 8 42: 3 31 2 38 8 12 18 Fri 1 50 09 5 48 6 00 9 18 4 02 8 14 2 08 9 381 1 14 11 42 9 29] 4 25 3 26 8 54 19 Sat. 1 26 515 49 5 58 10 11 5 21 9 33 3 21 10 51 2 20 P.M. 10 23' 5 23 4 16 9 46 20 S 1 03 32 5 50 5 56 11 11 6 38 10 55 4 40 A.M. 3 56 2 1611 23] 6 37 5 28 10 47 21 Mo 40 11 5 50 5 55 morn 7 50 P.M. 6 02 o&j 5 31 3 59 morn 7 57 6 52 11 55 22 Tu 16 48 5 51 5 54 17 8 54 1 35 7 20 1 17 6 38 5 18 27J 9 11 8 14 morn 23 We S.06 35 5 52 5 52 1 23 9 52 2 48 8 38 2 21 7 32 6 30 1 32!10 19 9 34 1 06 24^ Th 29 59 5' 535 50 2 34 10 38 3 52 9 48 3 24 8 11 7 29 2 40111 13 3 46!ll 51 10 48 2 22 25' Fri 53 24 5 545 49 3 43 11 13 4 49 10 49 4 16 8 38 8 22 11 46 3 36 26 Sat. 1 16 48 5 555 48 4 52 large large small small. large small 4 52lp.M. A.M. 4 50 27! s 1 40 12 5 585 47 rises P.M. 6 23 A.M. 5 25'; 9 24 10 10 rises large small rises 28 Mo 2 03 35*5 57 5 45 6 48 40 7 08 35 6 IV 9 31 10 41 6 56 1 17 1 28 6 34 29, Tu 2 26 57 5 58 5 43 7 27 1 08 7 55 1 30 6 44; 10 00 11 .32 7 36 1 46 2 06 7 08 30|We 2 50 18 5 59^5 41 8 10 1 32 8 37 2 34 7 29j 10 32 A.M. 8 20 2 15 3 01 7 47 Ephemeris of the Planets for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] Name of First Day. | Tenth Day. j Twentieth Day. Planet. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Venus h. 111. 1 54 even. 40 " 2 54 " 1 39 " 6 56 morn dee. 111. 48 16 S 32 37 S 46 40 S 37 45 S 14 20 S h. m. 1 18 even. 25 " 2 24 " 1 08 " 6 22 mom. Aqm. til. 49 46 S 34 57 S 47 17 S 38 10 S 14 20 S h. m. 25 even. 09 " 1 52 " 33 " 5 43 morn. deg. in. 49 26 S Mars 37 35 S Jupiter 48 00 S Saturn 38 39 S Uranus 14 20 S 14 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. 10th Month. OCTOBER. 31 Days. MOON S PHASES. d h m I d h m San Francisco. .Last Quarter 4 11 11 morn. [First Quarter 19 11 5(1 morn. KewMoon 12 10 32 San Diego Last Quarter 4 11 32 ]Sew Moon 12 10 53 Portland Last Quarter 4 11 11 Kew Moon 12 10 32 iFullMoou 26 9 45 iFirst Quarter 19 17 even. [Full Moon 26 10 6 morn. First Quarter 19 11 56 " iFull Moon 26 9 45 " SAN FRANCISCO. SAN DIEGO. ASTORIA. D of M D of W Sun's i £.„„ Declination f^^^ South "''®' deg m s H -M Sun seta H M Moon rises High water large P M Low water large P M High water small A M Low High water watir small large High water small A M Moon H'S'' i rises 7^'" large High water small A M Moon risea NO AM AM H M p M B H 1 Til 3 13 376 00 5 40 8 55 2 02 9 20 3 32 8 09.11 13 22 9 07| 2 47 1 19' 9 59- 3 31 3 50 8 32 2 Fri 3 36 55 6 01 5 38 9 46 2 44 10 14 4 28 8 52lp.M. 4 42 9 22 3 Sat. 4 00 10 6 02 5 36 10 35 3 39 11 09 5 38 9 50*1 1 13 2 19 10 47| 4 30 5 32 10 12 4 5b 4 23 236 035 35 11 30 4 35 A.M. 6 39 10 51' 2 31 3 3711 40^ 4 55 morn 5 27 6 39 11 09 5 Mo 4 46 32 6 05 5 33 morn 5 33 02 7 33 11 50] 3 49 6 m 7 38 morn 6 Tu 5 09 3816 05 5 32 25 6 34 48 8 21 p.M.|4 48 6 05 34^ 7 37 8 40 08 7 We 5 32 40 6 065 31 1 20 7 33 1 35 9 08 1 49] 5 44 6 52 1 28j 8 40 9 36 1 07 8 Th 5 55 3S'6 07 5 30 2 17 8 29 2 19 9 47 2 43] 6 37 7 30 2 21| 9 40 10 27 2 08 OFii 6 18 3ll6 07 5 29 3 13 9 27 2 57 10 19 3 331 7 22 8 03 3 16; 10 .33 11 07 3 08 lOjSat. 6 41 19j6 08 5 27 4 12 small small large large fsmall large 4 12^small large 4 12 11|S 7 04 02 6 09 5 25 5 11 10 52 4 11 11 27 5 ll| 8 57 8 37 5 08JA.M. P.M. 5 16 12 Mo 7 26 39j6 09 5 24 6 11 11 43 4 28 11 34 5 40] 9 .39 8 55 6 06] 03 16 6 21 13,Tu 7 49 106 105 23 sets A.M. 4 57 11 53 6 21:10 25 9 13; setsj 49 36 sets 14!We 8 11 35 6 115 21 6 31 1 00 5 37 P.M. 7 05 11 16 9 37i 6 40l 1 45 10 10' 7 28^ 2 36 1 12 6 12 15 Th 8 33 52 6 125 20 7 18 1 59 6 23 33 7 51 A.M. 1 43 6 55 16 Fri 8 56 03 6 13 5 19 8 08 2 57 7 09 1 03 8 33^ 07 10 35 8 201 3 29 2 30 7 44 17 Sat. 9 18 0516 145 18 9 05 4 03 8 15 2 03 9 33 1 06 11 26 9 173 4 17 3 10 8 41 18; S 9 39 59 6 155 15 10 10 5 12 9 29 3 14 10 39^ 2 13 P.M. 10 20? 5 16 4 07 9 47 19 Mo 10 01 45 6 17,5 13 11 15 6 26 10 53 4 38 11 53 3 44 2 12 11 24' 6 29 5 24 10 56 20 Tu 10 23 22 6 18:5 12 morn 7 31 P.M. 5 57 A.M. 5 11 3 51 morn; 7 40 6 43 morn 21|We 10 44 50 6 19 5 11 23 8 31 1 27 7 17 58 6 17 5 15] 111 8 49 8 04 10 22Th 11 06 08 6 20*5 10 1 30 9 23 2 37 8 33 2 03 7 04 6 22! 1 34 9 52 9 27 1 21 23 Fri 11 27 166 205 08 2 37 10 04 3 40 9 40 3 01 7 44 7 28 2 39 10 39 10 34 2 34 24'Sat. 11 48 146 215 07 3 43 large. large small small large small 3 42 large small 3 45 25S 12 09 01 6 22 5 06 4 51 10 59 5 27 11 49 4 32 8 13 9 23 4 47'll 43 A.M. 4 57 26Mo 12 29 37 16 235 05 riSL'S 11 21 6 08 A.M. 5 03j 8 33 10 10 rises fp.M. 32 rises 27 Tu 12 50 01 16 24 5 04 6 02 11 45 6 50 47 5 42 8 51 10 41 6 12] 32 1 28 5 41 28 We 13 10 13 6 26 5 02 6 46 P.M. 7 28 1 45 6 22 9 21 11 27 6 58 1 03 2 07 6 23 29 Th 13 30 13 '6 27 5 01 7 36 38 8 08 2 36 7 00 9 55 A.M. 7 48 1 39 2 58 7 12 30Fri 13 50 00 6 28 5 00 8 26 1 08 8 38 3 32 7 44 10 36 11 8 38 2 17 3 40 8 02 31|Sat 14 09 34 16 29 4 59 9 21 1 53 9 18 4 08 8 20-11 25 1 00 9 31, 2 57 4 20 8 58 Ephemeris of the Planets for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] Name of First Day. j Tenth Day, j Twentieth Day. Planet. Meridian passage. Deciina- tion. Meridian passage. Ii. in. 10 80 morn. 11 38 <' 50 even. 11 2;3 morn. 4 24 " Declina- tion. Meridian , passage. Declina- tion. Venus Mars Jupiter h. in. 11 20 morn. 11 52 " 1 18 even. 11 55 morn. 5 00 " detr. in. 46 30 S 40 29 S 48 48 S 39 11 S 14 19 S deg. 111. 43 17 S 42 51 S 49 28 S .39 37 S 14 19 S li. m. 9 48 mom. 11 24 " 19 even. 10 49 morn. 3 45 " deir. m. 40 32 S 45 27 S 50 12 S Saturn 40 05 S Uranua 14 19 S 1863.] CALENDAR. 15 nth Month. NOVEMBER. 30 Days. San Francisco. .Last Quarter " Jsew jVIoon.. moon's d h ,3 7 3 PHASES m 1 94 mfirii ' d h m First Quarter 1" 6 ^^ pvpn 10 n 49 even, h ^'ull Moon. ^"irst Quart Full Moon, jlrst Quart Pull Mnnn. 25 51 morn. San Diego Last Quarter 8 7 45 morn. . KewMoon 11 10 " Portland Last Quarter 3 7 24 " " ]Sew Moon 10 11 49 even. | er 17 7 16 even. 25 1 12 morn. er 17 6 55 even. 25 51 morn. 1 SAX FRANCISCO. SAN DIEGO. 1 ASTORIA. D of M NO 1 D of W Sun's 1 „ Declination' °"° South "^^^ Sun sets Moon rises H M 10 15 High water large Low water large High water small X M 4 51 Low water small High water large "fh Moon small ■^'^" A M H M 1 49 10 24 High water High water small Moon rises B M 9 56 deg m B 'h m h m 14 28 54 6 30 4 58 P M 1 P H { 2 5310 11! A M 9 08 P M 25 P -M 1 A M 1 3 49 5 08' 2 Mo 14 48 00 6 31 4 57 11 10 3 58 10 59 5 44 10 11 1 44 2 41 11 18 4 50 5 56 10 55 3 Tu 15 06 52 6 32:4 56: Qiorn 5 0311 49 6 32 11 1£ 3 08 3 48 morn 5 54! 6 49 11 55 4 We 15 25 30,6 334 55 06 6 05a.m. 7 17 P.M 4 24 4 54 12 7 03 7 41 morn 5 Th 15 43 52 16 34 4 54 1 01 7 08; 33j 7 55 1 0£ 5 24 5 50 1 04 8 06: 8 30 55 6 Fri 16 01 58 6 35 4 53 1 58 small small large large small large 1 59 small large 1 56 7 Sat. 16 19 48:6 364 52i 2 56 9 02, 2 09: 9 25 3 0£ 7 23 6 54 2 55 10 10 10 06 2 59 8 S 16 37 22 6 3714 51 3 57 10 02! 2 38 9 44 3 5C 8 10 7 21 3 53 11 06 10 43 4 04 9 Mo 16 54 40:6 384 50 5 00 10 59 3 16 10 12 4 4C 8 56 7 44 4 54 11 5911 19 5 12 10 Tu 17 11 396 394 49 6 05 11 56| 3 54 10 33 5 2C 9 43 8 08 5 57 A.M. '11 46 6 22 11 We 17 28 22 6 404 48 sets A.M. 4 3310 56 6 01 10 28 11 15 8 37 sets 51 11 58 sets 12 Th 17 44 466 4l'4 47 6 01 1 12 5 24 11 18 6 4e 9 06 ! 6 12 1 47 P.M. 5 37 13 14 Fri Sat. 18 00 5116 43 4 46 18 16 38:6 444 45 6 59 8 03 2 12! 6 24 3 04 7 21 P.M. 1 06 7 41 8 3] A.M. 05 9 4S 10 25 7 11 ' 8 14 2 35 1 28 3 25 2 16 6 35 7 39 15 16 S 18 32 05'6 45!4 44 Mo 18 47 13'6 46'4 43 9 08 10 15 3 56; 8 23 4 53 9 34 2 08 3 19 92;: 10 2( 1 01 1 58 11 2£ P.M 9 18 10 23 4 15 3 10 5 05' 4 08 8 48 10 00 17 Tu il9 02 00 6 47:4 43 11 22 5 58 10 54 4 44,11 31 3 10 2 0811 28 6 07 5 22 11 13 18 AYe 'l9 16 27 6 48;4 42 morn 6 56'p.M. 6 00 A.M 4 30 3 48 morn 7 09, 6 44 morn 19 Th 19 30 38'6 494 41 28 7 44 1 20 7 20 3^ 5 34 5 IS 31 8 06 8 01 23 20 Fri 19 44 18 6 504 41 1 34 large largo small smal large smal 1 34 large small 1 34 21 Sat.'l9 57 42 6 514 40 2 40 9 05 3 33 9 55 2 2^ 6 37 7 47 2 36 9 4410 33 2 45 22 ^ 20 10 4416 52 4 40 3 45 9 38: 4 25 11 04 3 Oi 7 06 8 3S 3 39 10 28 11 43 3 55 23 Mo 20 23 23!6 53 4 39 4 47 10 04; 5 09 A.M. 3 5J 7 30 9 2C ■ 4 39 10 59 a.m. 5 02 24 Tu 20 35 406 544 38 5 50 10 27 5 45 04 4 4] L 8 00 10 Ot 5 41 11 30 34 6 10 25 We j20 47 33 6 55 4 38 rises 10 53i 6 23 53 5 1' • 8 25 10 41 rises 11 59 1 25 rises 26 Th 20 59 036 57 4 37 6 17 11 22 6 52 147 5 51 3 8 52 11 1( >; 6 29 P.M. 2 00 5 57 27 Fri 21 10 10 6 5814 37 7 10 11 59 7 24 2 22 6 3^ t 9 30 11 54 t 7 21 1 14 2 45 6 47 28 Sat 21 20 53 6 59 4 37 8 04 P.M. 7 55 2 57 7 1^ HO 13 A.M 8 14 1 54 3 25 7 44 29 S :21 31 11 7 00 4 37 9 00 1 27 8 28 3 28 7 5.^ )11 03 I P. M li ) 9 08 2 36 4 01 8 43 30 Mo i21 41 05 7 01 4 36 9 54 2 23 9 09 4 01 8 4i 1 07,10 00 3 22 4 35 9 41 Ephemeris of the Planets for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] Name of Planet. First Day. Tenth Day. \ Twentieth Day. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Venus h. m. 9 16 morr df'gr. m. . 39 23 S 1). in. 9 01 mom. dcg. m. 39 59 S I1. m. 8 51 morn. dog. m. 41 46 S Mars 11 06 " 48 28 S 10 54 " 50 39 S 1 41 " 52 54 S Jupiter 11 42 « 51 04 S n 14 " 51 42 S 1 43 " 52 23 S Safiii"'! 10 07 '< 40 37 S 9 35 " 40 59 S 9 00 " 41 22 S Ui •anu s J 56 (( 14 19 S 2 20 ' ( 1 14 20 S 1 1 39 u 14 1 l\ S 16 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. 12th Month. DECEMBER 31 Days, MOON S PHASES. d h m I a h m San Francisco. .Last Quarter 3 4 4 morn. First Quarter 17 3 86 morn, Kew Moon 10 13 even. Full Moon 24 6 40 even. San Diego Last Quarter 3 4 25 morn. First Quarter 17 3 57 morn. " New 3Ioon 10 34 even. iFull Moon 24 7 1 even. Portland Last Quarter 3 4 4 morn. First Quarter 17 3 36 morn. " New Moon 10 13 even. iFull Moon 24 6 40 even. SAN FRANCISCO. SAN DIEGO. ASTORIA. D of M D of W Tu Bun's Declination South deg m s 21 50 34 Sun j Sun rises 1 seta H M H M 7 02 4 36 Moon rises High water large Low- water large High water small A M 4 37 Low water small High water large High water small Moon ri»e3 High water large High water small Moon rises KO 1 H M 10 50 P M 3 26 P M 9 54 A. M 9 33 P M 1 00 1 47 H M P M 10 54| 4 18 A M 5 09 H M 10 42 2 We 21 59 38 7 04 4 36 11 45 4 34 10 40 5 16 10 30 2 25 2 26 11 47 5 22 6 29 small 5 45 11 41 3 Th 22 08 17 7 054 36 morn 5 40 11 25 5 58 11 34 3 51 3 25 morn 6 29 morn 4 Fri 22 16 30 7 06 4 36 43 small small large large small large 43 large 44 6 Sat. 22 24 17 7 06;4 36 1 41 7 47 A.M. 7 29 P.M. 6 11 5 09 1 48 8 41 8 07 147 6 ;S 22 31 37 7 07'4 37 2 42 8 57 1 01 7 57 2 25 7 13 5 45 2 37 9 53 8 54 2 52 7 Mo 22 38 32 7 08 '4 37 3 46 10 06 1 52 8 31 3 18 8 07 6 25 3 58;10 58 9 40 4 00 8 Tu 22 44 59 7 09 4 37 4 5111 11 2 43 9 06 4 11 8 51 7 01 4 42|ll 57 10 25 5 10 9 We 22 61 00 7 09'4 37 5 57 A.M. 3 35 9 45 5 03 9 39 7 29 5 46|a.M. 11 04 6 19 10 Th 22 56 34 7 104 37 7 02 09 4 21 10 09 5 39 10 25 8 07 6 50 46 11 39 7 26 11 Fri 23 01 40 7 11 4 37 sets 1 11 5 28 11 18 6 38 ^11 08 8 45 gets 1 38 P.M. sets 12 Sat. 23 06 19 7 11:4 38 6 53 2 02 6 29 P.M. 7 29 ai 51 9 28 7 03 2 29 1 24 6 31 13 S 23 10 31 7 12 '4 38 8 02 2 46 7 27 1 12 8 13 A.M. 10 19 8 11 3 14 2 17 7 45 14 Mo 23 14 15 7 13 4 38 9 12 3 29 8 25 2 15 9 01 35 11 33 9 18 3 56 3 11 9 00 15 Tu 23 17 31 7 13^4 38 10 20| 4 17 9 31 3 27 9 55 1 25 P.M. 10 24 4 38 4 13 10 14 16 We 23 20 19 7 14'4 39 11 27 5 11 10 47 4 47 10 53 2 16 large 2 00 11 27 5 27 5 22 11 25 17 Th 23 22 39 7 15i4 89 morn large large small small small morn large small morn 18 Fri 23 24 31 7 164 39 33 6 57 P.M. 7 15 A.M. 4 33 5 19 30J 7 21 7 50 33 19 Sat. 23 25 54 7 I7I4 39 1 36 7 41 2 09 8 31 51 5 20 6 30 1 32' 8 13 9 02 1 45 20 s 23 26 49 7 174 40 2 40 8 23 3 10 9 49 1 45 6 00 7 32 2 33 9 07 10 22 2 53 21 Mo 23 27 17 7 18'4 40 3 42 8 57 4 02 10 57 2 44 6 37 8 27 3 33 9 60 11 25 4 00 22 Tu 23 27 16 7 184 40 4 41 9 27 4 45 11 53 3 34 7 05 9 11 4 3lj 10 29 A.M. 5 03 23 We 23 26 46 7 184 41 5 38 9 56 5 26 A.M. 4 17 7 34 9 50 5 27 11 01 24 6 02 24 Th 23 25 49 7 194 41 rises 10 20 5 50 50 5 02 8 06 10 30 rises 11 38 1 02 rises 25 Fri 23 24 23 7 194 42 5 55 10 59 6 24 1 20 5 32 8 42 11 06 6 05 6 59 P.M. 1 47 5 33 26 Sat. 23 22 28 7 19 4 42 6 50 11 36 6 51 1 57 6 14 9 12 11 28 52 2 25 6 32 27 .S 23 20 06 7 19 4 43 7 46 P.M. 7 20 2 24 6 51 9 54 11 58 7 54 1 33 2 59 7 32 28 Mo 23 17 16 7 20 4 43 8 40 1 03 7 49 2 53 7 34 10 39 A.M. 8 46? 2 14 3 32 8 30 29 Tu 23 13 57 7 20 4 44 9 36 1 52 8 20 3 17 8 13 11 30 25 9 39! 10 39' 2 58 4 01 9 31 30 We 23 10 10 7 20 4 44 10 39 2 51 8 57 3 42 8 56 P.M. 56 3 47 4 25 10 40 31 Th 23 05 55 7 20 4 45 1129 small small large large small large 11 17|sniall large 11 32 Ephemeris of the Planeta for First, Tenth and Twentieth days of the Month. [Calculated for the Meridian of San Francisco.] JJame of riaiiet. First Dav, Meridian passage. Declina- tion. Ii. ni. Venus 8 46 morn. Mars jlO 28 " Jupiter 10 09 " Saturn 8 20 " Uranus I 64 " dog. in. 44 38 S 55 12 S 53 05 S 41 44 S 14 21 S Tenth Dav, Meridian passage. h. ni. 8 45 morn. 10 18 " 9 41 " 7 48 " 17 " Declina- tion. deg. in. 47 23 S 56 52 S 53 37 S 42 00 S 14 23 S Twentieth Dav. Jloridian passage. h. m. 8 46 morn. 10 07 " 9 09 " 7 11 " 11 32 even. Declina- tion. deg. m. 60 33 S 68 29 S 54 09 S 42 14 S 14 24 S 1863.] CONSTITUTION OF CALIFORNIA. 17 Constitution of the State of California, with the Amend- ments thereto.* ^ We, the People of California, grateful to Ahnighty God for our Freedom, in order to secure its blessings, do establish this Constitution. ARTICLE I. — Declaration of Eights. Section 1. All men are by nature free and independent, and have certain inalienable rights, among- which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and pursuing and obtain- ing safety and happiness. Sec. 2. All political power is inherent in the people. Government is insti- tuted for the protection, security and benefit of the people ; and they have the right to alter or reform the same wlienever the public good may require it. Sec. 3. The right of trial by jury shall be secured to all, and remain inviolate forever ; but a jury trial may be waived by the parties, in all civil cases, in the manner to be prescribed by law. Sec 4. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or prelerence, shall forever be allowed in this State ; and no person shall be rendered incompetent to be a witness on account of his opinions on matters of religious belief; but the liberty of conscience, hereby secured, shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness, or justify practices inconsistent with the peace or safety of this State. Sec 5. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require its suspension. Sec. 6. Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed, nor shall cruel or unusual punishments be inflicted, nor shall witnesses be unreason- ably detained. Sec 7. All persons shall be bailable, by sufficient sureties, unless for capital offenses, when the proof is evident or the pi-esumption great. Sec 8. No person sluill be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, (except in cases of impeachment, and in cases of militia when in actual service, and the land and naval forces in time of war, or whicii this State may keep, with the consent of Congress, in time of peace, and in cases of petit larceny under the regulation of the Legislature) unless on presentment or indictment of a grand juiy : and in any trial in any court whatever, the party accused shall be allowed to a[)pear and defend in person and with counsel, as in civil actions. No person shall be subject to be twice put in jeopardy for the same offense ; nor shall he be compelled, in any criminal case, to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for. public use without just com- pensation. Sec 9. Every citizen may freely speak, write and publish his sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that right; and no law shall be passed to restrain or abridge the liberty of speech or of the press. In all criminal prosecutions on indictments for libels, the truth may be given in evi- dence to the jury ; and if it shall appear to the jury that tiie matter charged as libelous is true, and was published with good motives and for justifiable ends, the party shall be acquitted ; and the jury shall have the right to determine the law and tlie fact. Sec 10. The people shall have the right freely to assemble together, to con- "sult for the common good, to instruct their representatives, and to petition the Legislature for redress of grievances. Sec 11. All laws of a general nature shall have a uniform operation. Sec 12. The military sliall be subordinate to the civil power. No standing * As doubts exist as to the le^rality of the amondnients recently adoiited by the people of the State, the original sections are retained.— Ed. army shall be kept up by this State in time of peace ; and in time of war no appropriation for a standing army shall be for a longer time than two years. Sec. 13. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner ; nor in time of wo.r, except in the manner to be pre- scribed by law. Sec. 14. Representation shall be apportioned according to population. Sec. 15. No person shall be imprisoned for debt in any civil action on mesne or final process, unless in cases of fraud; and no person shall be imprisoned for a militia fine in time of peace. Sec. 16. No l)ill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obliga- tion of contracts shall ever be passed. Sec. 17. Foreigners who are, or who may hereafter become bona fide resi- dents of this State, shall enjoy the same rights in respect to the possession, enjoyment and inheritance of property as native born citizens. Sec. 18. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, unless for the punish- ment of crimes, shall ever be tolerated in this State. Sec. 19. Tlie right of tlie people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and eifects, against unreasonable seizures and searches, siiall not be violated ; and no warrant shall issue but on probable cause, supported by oath or alfirma- tion, particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons and things to be seized. Sec. 2U. Treason against the State shall consist only in levying war against it, adhering to its enemies, or giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the evidence of two witnesses to the same overt act, or confession in open court. Sec. 21. This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people. ARTICLE II.— Right of Suffrage. Section 1. Every white male citizen of the United States, and every white male citizen of Mexico, w^ho shall have elected to become a citizen of the United States, under the treaty of peace exchanged and ratified at Queretaro, on the thirtieth day of May, 1848, of the age of twenty-one years, who shall have been a resident of tiie Sta'te six months next preceding the election and the county or district in which he claims his vote thirty days, shall be entitled to vote at all elections which are now^ or hereafter may be, authorized by law ; 'provided, that nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the Leg- islature, by a two-thii"ds concurrent vote, from admitting to the right of suftVage Indians, or the descendants of Indians, in such special cases as such a propor- tion of the legislative body may deem just and proper. Sec. 2. Electors shall in all* cases, except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest on the days of election, during their attendance at such election, going to and returning therefrom. Sec. 3. No elector shall be obliged to perform militia duty on the day of election, except in time of wai' or public danger. Sec. 4. For the purpose of voting, no person shall be deemed to have gained or lost a residence l)y reason of his presence or absence while employed in the service of the United States ; nor while engaged in the navigation of the waters of this State or of the United States, or of the high seas ; nor while a student of any seminary of learning; nor while kept at any almshouse or other asylum at public expense ; nor while confined in any public prison. Sec. ;'). is'o idiot or insane person, or person convicted of any infamous crime, shall be entitled to the privileges of an elector. Sec. G. Ail elections by the people shall be by ballot. ARTICLE III.— Distribution of Powers. Section 1. The powers of the Government of the State of California shall be divided into three se})arate departments : the Legislative, the Executive and Judicial ; and no person churged with tlie exercise of ])Owers properly belonging to one of these departments siiall exercise any functions appertaining to either of the others, except in the cases hereinafter expressly dii-ected or permitted. 1863.] CONSTITUTION OF CALIFORNIA. 19 ARTICLE IV. — Legislative Department. Section 1. The Legislative power of tlii^ State shall be vested in a Senate and Assemblv, whicli "sliall be designated the Legislature of the State of Cali- fornia ; and the enacting clause of every law shall be as follows : " The people of the State of California, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows ; " Sec. 2. The sessions of the Legislature shall be annual, and shall commence on the first Monday of January next ensuing the election of its members, unless the Governor of the State sliall in the interim convene the Legislature by proclamation. {Section Two as amended 1862.— The sessions of the Legislature shall be biennial, and shall commence on the tirst Monday of December next ensuing the election of its mem- bers, unless the Governor of the State shall in the interim convene the Le^-islature by proclamation. No session shall continue longer than one hundred and twenty days.) Sec. 3. The Members of the Assembly shall be chosen annually, by the qual- ified electors of their respective districts, on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November, unless otherwise ordered by the Legislature, and their term of office shall be one year. (Section Three as amended 1862.— The members of the Assemblv shall be chosen bien- nally, by the qualified electors of their respective districts, on the tirst Wednesday in September, unless otherwise ordered by the Legislature, ^ud their term of oftice shall be two years.) Sec. 4. Senators and Members of Assembly shall be duly qualified electors in the respective counties and districts which they represent. Sec. 5. Senators shall be chosen for the term of two years, at the same time and places as Members of Assembly ; and no person shall be a member of the Senate or Assembly, who has not been a citizen and inhabitant of the State one year and of the county or district for which he shall be chosen six months next before his election. (Section Five as amended 1862.— Senators shall be chosen for the term of four j'ears, at the same time and places as members of the Assembly; and no person shall be a member of the Senate or Assembly who has not been a citizen and inhabitant of the State and of the county or district for which he shall be chosen one year next before his election.) Sec. 6. The ninnber of Senators shall not be less than one-third nor more than one-half of that of the Members of Assembly ; and at the first session of the Legislature after this Constitution takes eifect, the Senators shall be divided by lot, as equally as may be, into two classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the first year, so that one-half shall be chosen annually. (Section Six as amended 1862.— The number of Senators shall not be less than one-third nor more than one-half of that of the members of the Assembly : and at the tirst session of the Lej^islature after this section takes effect the Senators shall be divided by lot, as equally as mav be, into two classes. The seats ot the Senators of the hrst class shall be vacated at the" expiration of the second year, so that one-half shall be chosen biennally.) Sec. 7. When the number of Senators is increased, they shall be apportioned by lot, so as to keep the two classes as nearly equal in number as possible. Sec. 8. Each house shall choose its own officers, and judge of the qualifica- tions, elections and returns of its own members. Sec. 9. A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to do business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may compel the attend- ance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as each house may provide. Sec. 10. Each house shall determine the rules of its own proceedings; and may, with the concurrence of two-thirds of all the members elected, expel a member. Sec. U. Each house shall keep a journal of its own proceedings, and publish the same ; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house, on any ques-. tiou, shall, at the desire of any three members present, be entered on the journal. Sec. 12. Members of the Legislature shall, in all cases except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest, and shall not be subject to 20 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. any civil process during the session of the Legislature, nor for fifteen days next before the commencement and after the termination of each session. Sec. 13. When vacancies occur in either house, the Governor or the person exercising the functions of the Governor shall issue writs of election to till such vacancies. Sec. 14. The doors of each house shall be open, except on such occasions as, in the opinion of the house, may require secrecy. Sec. 15. Neither house shall* without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in w^hich they may be sitting. Sec. 16. Any bill may originate in either house of the Legislature ; and all bills passed by one house may be amended in the other. Sec. 17. Every bill which may have passed the Legislature shall, before it becomes a law. be presented to tlie Governor. If he approve it, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it, Avith his objections, to the house in which it originated, which shall enter the same upon the journal, and proceed to recon- sider it. If, after such reconsideration, it again pass both houses, by yeas and nays, by a majority of two-thirds of the members of each house present, it shall become a law, notwithstanding the Governor's objections. If any bill shall not be returned within ten days after it shall have been presented tohim, (Sundays excepted) the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Legislature by adjournment prevent sucli return. Sec. 18. The Assembly shall have the sole power of impeachment ; and all impeachments shall be tried by the Senate. When sitting for that purpose, the Senators shall be upon oath or afiirmation ; and no person sliall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Sec. 19. Tiie Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Controller, Treasurer, Attorney General, Surveyor General, Justices of the Supreme Court and Judges of the District Courts, shall be liable to impeachment for any mis- demeanor in office ; but judgment in such cases shall extend only to removal from office and disqualification to hold any office of honor, trust or profit under the State ; but the party, convicted or acquitted, shall nevertheless be liable to indictment, trial and punishment, according to law. All other civil otiicers shall be tried, for misdemeanors in olfice, in such manner as the Legislature may provide. Sec. 20. No Senator or Member of Assembly shall, during the term for which he shall have been elected, be appointed to any civil oflice of profit under this State, which shall have been created, or the emoluments of which shall have been increased during such term, except such offices as may be filled by elec- tions by the people. Sec. '21. No person holding any lucrative office under the United States, or any other power, shall be eligible to any civil office of profit under this State ; provided, that officers in tlie militia, "to wliicb there is attached no annual salary, or local ofiicers and postmasters whose compensation does not exceed five hundred dollars, shjill not be deemed luci-ative. Sec. 22. No person who sliall be convicted of the embezzlement or defalca- tion of the public funds of this State shall ever be elitfible to any ofiice of iioiior, trust or profit under this State ; and the Legislature shall, as soon as practicable, pass a law providing for the punishment of such euibezziement or defalcation as a felony. Sec. 23. No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law. An accurate statement of the receipts and expeudilures of the public moneys sludl be attached lo and published with the laws at every regular session of the Legislature. Sec. 24. Tiie Aleuibers of the Legishiture shall receive for their services a compensation to be (i.xed by law, and paid out of the public treasury ; but no increase of the compens;ition shall take eHect during the terui for which the members of either liouse sliall have been elected. Sec. 25. Every hiw enacted by the Legislature shall embrace but one object, and that shall be expressed in the title ; and no law sliall be revised or amended by reference to its title; but in such case the act revised or section amended shall be reeuacted and published at length. 1863.] CONSTITUTION OF CALIFORNIA. 21 Sec. 26. No divorce shall be granted by tbe Legislature. Sec. 27. No lottery sshall be authorized by this State; nor shall the sale of lottery tickets be allowed. Sec. 28. T!ie enumeration of the inhabitants of this State shall be taken, under the direction of the Legislatui-e, in the year one thousand eight hundred and tifty-two and one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, and at the end of every ten years thereafter; and these enumerations, together with the census that may be taken under the direction of the Congress of the United States, in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty, and every subsequent ten years, shall serve as the basis of representation in both houses of the Legislature. Sec. 29. The number of Senators and Meml)ers of Assembly shall, at the first session of the Legislature holden after the enumerations herein provided for are made, be fixed by the Legislature and apportioned among the several coun- ties and districts to be established by law, according to tlie number of white inhabitants. The number of Members of Assembly shall not be less than twenty-four nor moi-e than thirty six, until the number of inhabitants within this State shall amount to one hundred thousand ; and after that period, at such ratio that the whole number of Members of Assembly shall never be less than thirty nor more than eighty. Sec. 30. When a Congressional, Senatorial or Assembly District shall be composed of two or more counties, it shall not be separated by any county belonging to another district ; and no county shall be divided in forming a Con- gressional, Senatorial or Assembly District. (Section Thirty as amended 1862.— When a Congressional, Senatorial or Assembly Dis- trict shall be composed of two or more counties, it shall not be separated hy any county belonging to another district. No county shall be divided, in forming a Congressional, Senatorial or Assembly District, so as to attach one portion of a county to another county ; but tlie Legislature may divide each county into as many Congressional, a.enatorial or Assembly Districts as such county may by apportionment be entitled to.) Sec. 31. Corporations may be formed under general laws, but shall not be created by special act, except for municipal purposes. All general laws and special acts passed pursuant to this section may be altered from time to time or repealed. Sec. 32. Dues from corporations shall be secured by such individual liability of the corporators and other means as may be prescribed by law. Sec. 33. The term "corporations," as used in this article, shall be construed to include all associations and joint-stock companies having any of the powers or privileges of corporations not possessed by individuals or partnerships. And all corporations shall have the right to sue, and shall be subject to be sued in all courts, in like cases as natural persons. Sec. 34. The Legislature shall have no power to pass any act granting any charter for banking purposes ; but associations may be formed, under general laws, for the deposit of gold and silver, but no sucli association shall make, issue or put in circulation any bill, check, ticket, certificate, promissory note or other paper, or the paper of any bank, to cii-culate as money. Sec. 35. Tlie Legislature of tliis State shall prohibit, by law, any person or persons, association, comi)any or corporation from exercising the privilege of banking, or creating paper to circulate as money. Sec. 36. Elach stockholder of a corporation or joint-stock association shall be individually and personally liable for his proportion of all its debts and lia- bilities. Sec. 37. It shall be the duty of the Legislature to provide for the organization of cities and incorporated villages, and to restrict their power of taxation, assessment, borrowing money, contracting debts, and loaning their credit, so as to prevent abuses in assessments and in contracting debts by such municipal corporations. Sec. 38. In all elections by the Legislature, the members thereof shall vote viva voce, and the votes shall be entered on the journal. (Section Thirty-nine, adopted 1862.— In order that no inconvenience may result to the public service from the taking eflcct of the amendments prupdsi-d to Article, IV In- the Legislature of 1861, no ollicer shall be suspended or superseded thereby until the election and qualiflcation of the several officers ijrovided for in said auiLiiduients.) 22 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. ARTICLE V. — Executive Department. Section 1. The supreme executive power of this State shall be vested in a Chief Magistrate, who shall be styled the Governor of the State of California. Sec. 2. The Governor shall be elected by the qualitied electors, at the time and places of voting for Members of Assembly, and shall hold his office two years from the time of his installation, and until his successor shall be quali- fied. (Section Two as amended 1862.— The Governor shall be elected by the qualifled electors at the time and places of voting for Members of the Assembly, arid shall hold his office four years Irom and after the first Monday in December subsequent to hia election, and until his successor is elected and qualifled.) Sec 3. No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor (except at the first election) who has not been a citizen of the United States and a resident of this State two years next preceding the election, and attained the age of twenty- five years at the time of such election. Sec. 4. The returns of every election for Governor shall be sealed np and transmitted to the seat of government, directed to the Speaker of the Assembly, who shall, during the first week of the session, open and publish them in pres- ence of both houses of the Legislature. The person having the highest number of votes shall be Governor; but in case any two or more have an equal and the highest number of votes, the Legislature shall, by joint vote of both houses, choose one of said persons, so having an equal and the highest number of votes, for Governor. Skc. 5. The Governor shall be Commander-in-Chief of the militia, the army and navy of this State. Sec. 6. He shall transact all executive business wnth the officers of Govern- ment, civil and military, and may require information, in writing, from the officers of the executive department upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. Sec. 7, He shall see that the laws are faithfully executed. Sec 8. When any office shall from any cause become vacant, and no mode is provided by the Constitution and laws for filling such vacancy, the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy bv granting a commission, which shall expire at the end of the next session of the Legislature, or at the next election by the people. Sec 9. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the Legislature by proclamation, and shall state to both houses, when assembled, the purpose for which they shall have been convened. Sec 10. He shall connnunicate by message to the Legislature, at every ses- sion, the condition of the State, and recommend such matters as he shall deem expedient. Sec 11. In case of a disagreement between the two houses with respect to the time of adjournment, the Governor shall have power to adjourn tlie Leg- islature to such time as he may think proper ; provided, it be not beyond the time fixed for the meeting of the next Legislature. Sec 12. No person shall, while holding any office under the United States or tliis State, exercise the office of Governor, except as hereinafter expressly pro- vided. Sec 13. The Governor shall have the power to grant reprieves and pardons after conviction, for all offenses except treason and cases of impeachment, uj)on such conditions and with sucli restrictions and limitations, as he may think proper, subject to such reguhitions as may be ))rovided by law relative to the n)anner of applying for pardons. Upon conviction of treason, he sliall have the power to susj)cnd the execution of the sentence until tlie case shall be reported to tiie Legislature at its next meeting, when the Legishiture shall either pardon, direct the execution of the sentence, or fjrant a further reprieve. He shall connnunicate to the Legislature, at the beginning of every session, every case of reprieve or pardon granted, stating the name of the convict, the crime of which he was convicted, the sentence, and its date, and the date of the pardon or reprieve. Sec 14. There sliall be a seal of this State, which shall be kept by the Gov- 1863.] CONSTITUTION OF CALIFORNIA. 23 ernor and xised by him oJaicially, and shall be called " The great Seal of the State of California." Sec. 15. All grantp and commissions shall be in the name and by the anthor- ity of the people of the State of California, sealed with the great seal of the State, signed by the Governor, and countersigned by the Secretary of State. Sec. 16. A Lieutenant Governor shall be elected at the same time and places, and in the same manner as the Governor ; and his term of office and his quali- hcations of eligibility shall also be the same. He shall be President of the Senate, but shall only have a casting vote therein. If, during a vacancy of the office of Governor, the Lieutenant Governor shall be impeached, displaced, resign, die or become incapable of performing the duties of his office, or be absent from the State, the President of the Senate shall act as Governor until the vacancy be tilled or the disability shall cease. Sec. 17. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, or his removal from office, death, inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, resignation, or absence from the State, the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor for the residue of the term or until the disability shall cease. But when the Governor shall, with the consent of the Legislature, be out of the State in time of war, at the head of any military force thereof, he shall continue Commander-in-Chief of all the military force of the State. Sec. 18. A Secretary of State, a Controller, a Treasurer, an Attorney General and Surveyor General shall be chosen in the manner provided in this Constitu- tion ; and the term of oflice and eligibility of each shall be the same as are prescribed for the Governor and Lieutenant Governor. {Section Eighteen as amended 1862.— A Secretary of State, a Controller, a Treasurer, an Attornev General and a Surveyor General shall be elected at the same time and places, and in the same manner as the Governor and Lieutenant Governor, and whose term of oflice shall be the same as the Governor.) Sec. 19. The Secretary of State shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. He shall keep a fair record of the official acts of the Legislative and Executive Departments of the Government, and shall, when required, lay the same and all matters relative thereto before either branch of the Legislature ; and shall perform such other duties as shall be assigned him by law. {Section Nineteen as amended 1862.— The Secretary of State shall keep a fair record of the otHcial acts of the Legislative and Executive Departments of the Government, and shall, when required, lav tiie same and all matters rehitive thereto before either branch of tlie Legislature, and sliall iierform such otlicr duties as may be assigned him by laAv; and in order that no inconvenience may result to the public service from the talking effect of the amendments pmiiosed to said Article V by the Legislature of eiglitecn hundred and sixty-one, no officer bhall be superseded or suspended tliereby until the election and quali- fication of the several officers provided for in said amendments.) Sec. 20. The Controller, Treasurer, Attorney General and Surveyor General shall be chosen by joint vote of the two houses of the Legislature, at their lirst session under this Constitution, and thereafter shall be elected at the same time and places and in the same manner as the Governor and Lieutenant Governor. Sec. 21. The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State. Controller, Treasurer, Attorney General and Surveyor General shall each, at stated times during their continuance in office, receive for their services a compensation which shall not be increased or diminished during tlie term for which they shall have been elected ; but neither of these officers shall receive for his own use any fees for the performance of his official duties. ARTICLE VI. — Judicial Department. Section 1. The judicial power of this State shall be ve.sted in a Supreme Court, in District Courts, in County Courts and in Justices of the Peace. The Legifclatui'e may also establish such municipal and other inferior courts as may be deemed necessary. {Section One as amended 1862.— The judicial power of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court, in District Courts, in County Courts, in I'robate t:ourts and in Justices of tlu' I'eace, and in such Recorders and other inferior courts as the Legislature may estab- lish in any incorporated city or town.) 24 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. Sec. 2. The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and two Associate Justices, any two of whom shall constitute a quorum, (Section Two as amended 1862.— The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and four Associate Justices. The yjresence of three Justices shall be necessar^y for the transac- tion ol business, excepting sucli business as may be done ;it chambers ; and the concurrence of three Justices shall be necessary to pronounce a judgment.) Sec. 3. The Justices of the Supreme Court shall be elected at the general election, by the qualilied electors of the State, and shall hold their office for the term of six years from the iirst day of January next after their election ; pro- vided, that the Legislature shall, at its first meeting, elect a Chief Justice and two Associates Justices of the Supreme Court, by joint vote of both houses, and so classify them that one shall go out of office every two years. After the iirst election, the senior Justice in commission shall be the Chief Justice. (Section Three as a7nended 1862.— The Justices of the Supreme Court shall be elected by the QLialitied electors of tlie .>tate, at special elections, to be provided by law. at -whicli elections no officer other tlian judicial shall be elected, except a Superintendent of Public Instruction. The first election for Justices of the Supreme Court shall be held in the year eighteen hundred and sixty-three. The Justices shall hold their offl'jes lor the term of ten years from the tirst day of January next after their election ("'xcept those elected at the iirst election, who at their first meeting shall so chissity themselves by lot that one Justice shall go out (^f office every two years. The Justice having the shortest term to serve shall be the Chief Justice.) Sec. 4. The Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction in all cases when the matter in dispute exceeds two hundred dollars, when the legality of any tax, toll, or impost or municipal line is in question, and in all criminal cases aniounting to felony on questions of law alone. And the said Court and each of the Justices thereof, as well as all District and County Judges, shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus at the instance of any person held in actual custody. They shall also have the power to issue all other writs and process necessary to the exercise of their appellate jurisdiction, and shall be conservators of the peace throughout the State. (Section Four as amended 18()'2.— The Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction in all cases in equity; also in all cases at law, -which involve the title or possession of real estate, or the legality of any tax, impost, assessment, toll or municipal fine, or in -which the demand, exclusive of interest, or the value of the property in controversy, amounts to three hundred dollars; also in all cases arising in the Probate Courts; and also in all crim- inal cases amounting to felony, on questions of law alone. The Court shall also have po-wer to issue writs of mandamus, certiorari, prohibition and haOcas corpus, and also all writs necessary or proper to the complete exei-cise of its appellate jurisdiction. Each of the Justices shall have power to issue writs oi habeas corpus to an}- part of the State, upon petition on behalf of any person held in actual custody, and may make such writs return- able before himself, or the Supreme Court, or before any District Court, or any County Court in the State or before any Judge of said Courts.) Sec. 5. The State shall be divided by the first Legislature into a convenient number of districts, subject to sucli alteration from time to time as the public good may require, for each of which a District Judge shall be appointed by the joint vote of the Legislature, at its first meeting, who shall hold liis office for two years from the first day of January next after his election ; alter which, said Judges sliall be elected by the qualilied electors of their respective districts at the general election, and shall hold their office for the term of six years, (Section Five as amended 1862— The State shall be divided by the Legislature of eighteen hundred .and sixty-three mto fourteen Judicial Districts, subject to such alteration from time to time, by a" two-thirds vote of all the members elected to both houses, as the public good may require, in each of which there shall be a District Court, and for each of which a District .ludge shall be elected, by the qualilied electors of the district, at tbe special judicial elections to be held as providetl for the election ot Justices of the Supreme Court by section three ot this article. The District Judges shall hold tlieir offices for the term of six years from the first day of January next after their election. Tbe Legislature shall have no po-wer t> grant leave of absence to a judicial officer; and any such officer who shall absent himself frttm the Slate for upwards of thirty consecutive days shall be deemed to have forfeited his othce.) Sec. 6. The District Courts shall have original jurisdiction, in law and ennity, in all civil cases wliere the anionnt in dispute exceeds two hundred dollars, exclusive of interest. In all criminal cases not otherwise provided for, and in all issues of fact joined in the Probate Court, their jurisdiction shall be unlim- ited. (SecHon Six as amended 1862.— The District Courts shall have original jurisdiction in all cases inequity; alfo in all cases at law whicli involve tlie title <>r possi'ssion of real prop- erty, or the le!j;allty of any tax, impost, assessment, toll or munici|)al line, and in all other cases in whicli the demand, excUHivc of interest, or the value of the property in contro- versy amounts to three hundred dollars, and also in all criminal cases nut otherwise pro- vided for. The District ('ourts and their Jud!.:es siiall have jiower to issue writs of nabeaa corpus on petition hy or on behalf of any person held in actual custody in their respective districts.) Sec. 7. The Legislature shall provide for the election by the people of a Clerk of the Snpreme Court, and County Clerks, District Attorneys, Sherilfs, Coroners and other necessary officers ; and sliall tix by law their duties and compensation. County Clerks shall be ex officio Clerks of the District Courts in and for their respective counties. (Section Seven as amended 1862.— The Legislature shall provide for the election of a Clerk of the Supreme Court, County Clerics, District Attorneys, .sheritTs and other neces- sary officers, and shall tix hy law tlieir duties and compensation. County Clerks shall he ex officio Clerks of tlie Courts of Itecord in and for their respective counties. The Legisla- ture may also provide lor the appointment hy the Several District Courts of one or more Commissioners in the several counties of their respective districts, with authority to oer- form chamber business of the Judges of the District Courts and County Courts, and also to take depositions and perforin such other business connected Avith the administration of justice as nia^^ be prescribed by \ay{.- Amendments, Sec. 11.) Sec. S. There shall be elected in each of the organized counties of this State one County Judge, who shall hold his office for four years. He shall hold the Court, and perform the duties of Surrogate or Probate Judge. The County Judi^e, with two Justices of the Peace to be designated according to law, sliall hold Courts of Sessions, with such criminal jurisdiction as the Legislature shall prescribe ; and he shall perform such other duties as shall be required by law. (Section Eight as amended 18G2. — There shall be in each of the organized counties of the State a County Court, for each of which a County Judge shall be elected bj- the qualifled electors of the county, at the special judicial < lections to bo held as provided for the elec- tion of Justices of the Supreme Court, by section three of this article. The County Judges shall hold their offices for the term of four years from the tirs-t day of January next alter their election. Said Courts shall also have power to issue naturalization papers. In ihe city and county of San hYancisco, the Legislature may separate the oltice of Probate Judge from that of County Judge, and may p- ovide for the election of a Trobate Judge, who shall hold his office for the term of four yQa.Ys.~Ame7idments, Sec. 7.) Sec. 9. The County Courts shall have such jurisdiction, in cases arising in Justices' Courts and in special cases, as the Legislature may prescribe ; but shall have no original civil jurisdiction, except in such special cases. (Section Nine as amended, 1862.— The Count.v Courts shall have original iurisdiction of actions of forcible entry and detainer, of proceedhigs iu insolvency, of actions to i)revent or abate a nuisance, and of all such special cases and jiroceedings as are not otherwise pro- vided for, and also such criminal jurisdiction as the Legislature may prescrilie. They shall also have appellate jurisdiction in all cases arising in Courts held by Justices of the I'eace and Recorders, and "in such inferior Courts as may be established in pursuance of section one of this article in their respective counties, 'ilie County Judge shall also hold in their several counties Probate Courts, and perform such duties as I'robate Judges as may be pre- scribed by law. The County Courts and their Judges shall also have power to issue writs of habeas corpus on petition b.y or on behalf of aii}' person in actual custody iu their respec- tive coMuiics.— Amendments, Sec. 8.) Sec. 10. The times and places of holding the terms of the Supreme Court, and the general and special terms of the District Courts within tlie several dis tricts, shall be provided for by law. (Section Ten as amended 1862.— The times and places of holding the terms of the several Courts of llecord shall be provided for by \a.w.— Amendments, Sec. 12.) Sec. U. No judicial officer, except a Justice of the Peace, shall receive, to his own use, any fees or jirequisites of office. (Section Eleven as amended 1862.- No judicial officer, except Justices of the Peace, Re- corders and Commissioners, shall receive" to his own use any fees or perquisites of office.— Amendmcfits, Sec. 13.) Sec. 12. The Legislattire shall provide for the speedy publication of all stat- ute laws, and of such judicial decisions as it may deem' expedient ; and all laws and judicial decisions shall be free for publication by any person. (Section Twelve as amended 18G2.-'lhe Legislature shall provide for the speedv publi- cation of such opiniDiis of the Suiireme Court as it may deem ej;t District, Califuniia. lor liis carelul revisal of tiie abstract of the Internal Rev- enue Act, and lor the article which prefaces tlie same.— Editor. 1863.] INTERNAL REVENUE ACT. 33 ers in granting a power the exercise of which in an emergency might be of the hist impoitance to the credit and the hfe of the Government,' and the wise forbearance which for so good reasons omitted its exercise until such an emer- gency has arrived. A National tax on lands or real estate, is one in which collisions between Federal and State authorities would be the most likely to occur, for almost unavoidably, the same property might be subjected to some of the various pro- cesses of assessment, sale, redemjition, etc. etc., at the same time by National and by State officials. The land, or direct tax, is thus wisely, as we think, omitted in this bill ; and we believe upon a fair consideration and trial it will be found, that neither the excises and taxes themselves embraced in the law, or the processes provided for their assessment and collection need, necessarily, occasion any of the conflicts now alluded to. What was the condition of affairs which rendered this great revenue meas- ure so absolutely necessary ? Supposing this unhappy war closed by the end of the fiscal year, say July, •1863, it was seen that the annual needs of the treasury from that time" would stand about thus : Interest, say on SI, 000.000,000 of debt $60,009,000 Civil expenses of the Government 35,000,000 Army 50.000,000 :Navy 2.'3,OOO,0OO Pensions 20,000,000 To wbich might be added for Sinking Fund 20,000,000 Total $210,000,000 The most hopeful of our statesmen, twelve months ago, could make no show- ing more cheering than this, and certainly the larger dimensions the war has since assumed, the increased numbers of men in the field, the dearer rates paid for every thing used in the support of armies, and the vast numbers killed and maimed in battle whose names, or whose representatives, nuist hereafter swell the pension roll, render it certain, that any calculations made at that period would be under rather than over the mark. Here, then, was the annual sum of $"210,000,000, absolutely necessary to be raised by the country, and there were but two sources which could supply it — customs and internal taxation, the public lands having ceased to be regarded as a source of revenue. All tluit could be reasonaljly expected from customs was $60,000,000, leaving $150,000,000 to be supplied by the other measure now pas.sed into a law. It would be unreasonable to expect any very great degree of perfection in a measure of this character, so comprehensive in its scope, so various in its details, its necessity suddenly appearing and its speedy passage urged, almost clamored for, by the voices of a loyal people. The experience of numv years, and the information to be derived from well organized bureaus of statistics, in both of which the country was wanting, are indispensable for any intelligent judgment, either as to the selection of the soui'ces from which revenue should be sought, or the modes of its collection. It may be said of tliis measure, that as a whole, it is as perfect as any people had a right to expert from a single session of any Congress or Legislature. If the same care be taken by futui-e Congresses, to amend and perfect it, as was taken by the last one to organize it, a few vears will sutfice to give us a system which will be reliable and economical, ancl be suited to the spirit and temper of our peo])le. It may also be most justly said, that this measure is not one of a party or partisan character. A loyal people, utterly ignoring all past party distmctions, m their anxiety for the maintenance of the Constitution and the Government, and deeming a measure like tliis necessary for tlu-ir ])rcservatioii, with an almost unexampled unanimity, " asked " of their Representatives its enactment into a law. And they resi)(>n(led to their ]);itriotic coiistilueuts quite as unan- imously — there being but one negative vote in the Senate, and but seventeen in the House of Kepresentatives. Tliis fact may be wortliy of remembrance, for it is not unlikely that hereafter unprincipled 'men and unscrupulous politi- 34 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. cians, trusting to the forgetfulness of the people, and more anxious for the possession of power tlian the prosperity of the country, may attempt to use this very measure as an engine of mischief. A rapid gUmce at a few of the sources of taxation embraced, will convince us, that they have not heen selected without great care, and an evident desire on the part of Congress to distribute the burdens in such manner as to be most easily and conveniently borne. The tax on spirits and malt liquors, is probably the heaviest in the cata- logue, amounting to fully one hundred per cent, on spirits and twenty- five per cent, on ale and beer. In favor of this tax we have the experience of all countries where the theory and practice of taxation has been most studied. In England, the duty on spirits is two dollars and lifty-two cents per gallon, a rate entirely inadmissible in this country. A tax on the fixed habits, or it may be the confirmed vices, of a community, is alw-ays reliable to the Government, for these remain unchanged during decades of years ; and thus the duty Avill be ungrudgingly paid, rather than any curtailment be suffered of an habitual indulgence. And should a heavy duty gradually change the habits of a people in reference to this class of articles and diminish the consumption, the result certainly' should not be regretted. What we have said in reference to spirits, will apply, probably with'equal force, to the article of tobacco which is largely taxed. Licenses are a most important feature of the law. The objection to them amounts to probably nothing more than a prejudice, we being unaccustomed to a license of a lawful occupation by National authority. But when it is consid- ered that a license is not merely apermit to carry on a trade or occupation, but a recognition of it, and may be useful in protecting from unlawful and irregular competition, and that in its assessment and collection no sort of interference is necessary with the private details of business, we are quite sure that, as a large round tax is obliged to be levied, the popular judgment will arrive at the conclusion that this one should not have been omitted. We think it can be no just gi-ound of complaint, that the rate of licenses is the same to the small dealer or manufacturer as to those who sell and make on a larger scale. The manufacturer who produces less, and the dealer who sells less than one thou- sand dollars per annum (except the liquor dealer), are excepted; and, besides, the profits and produce of the heavier dealer and manufacturer, the law takes account of in the monthly returns and in the income tax. Manufactures, of course, in a measure of revenue intended to realize $15O,OO0,UQl», and proceeding on the system of this bill, could not be overlooked, any more than the representation of Hamlet be expected to succeed with Hamlet dropped out. The duty of three per cent, ad valorem, and those spe- cifically laid, will be as much a portion of the cost of the article produced, as the labor or tlie raw material which enters into their production, and this additional cost will be borne by the consumer. For a short time the manufac- turer may find it difficult to realize this increased cost from his customer, but viewing the tax merely as an additional cost of the article, a baief period will suflice to harmonize the relations thus disturbed. A drawback gives the man- ufacturers access to the foreign market as before, and a revision of the tariff, as respects articles disturbed by the tax, shelters from foreign competition. It is most likely that the working of the law has already discovered the necessity of some 'further revisions of the tariff. The wine growers of Cali- fornia, for example, representing an interest which ouglit to be fostered, ask the changing tlie duty on foreign wines from an ad valorem, to a specific tax — a cliange which ought to be made. Tke tax on incoynes is one hitherto unknown to our people. When we con- sider, however, that had it been omitted, a larger portion of the community, including the heaviest of our capitalists — the men best able to pay, would have escaped their fair proportion of the burdens of taxation, and that all the numerous classes of State and county officials would have contributed by no otlier mode, we shall be satisfied that the iniposition is but fair and just. We do not fail to notice besides, tliat a fair construction of language make only gains, profits, or net incomes liable ; that the assessment is made at a reason- able time after the close of the year, giving ample time for the adjustments of 1863.] INTERNAL REVENUE ACT. 35 business, and that exceptions have been very fully and carefully made, in order that the same sources of income should not be rendered twice liable. The. sin7npdi(tj/ is one which has worked well in the experience of other countries. The rates here are very moderate compared with those established in the En<>-lish laws. The greater activity of our people, the multitude of our sales and transfers, and commercial transactions, will make this a fruitful source of revenue, even at the smaller rates. Besides, it is a tax to be com- mended for the chea[)ness and economy of its collection. This hasty survey of the principal sources of revenue embraced in this meas- ure, serves to show us how universally it distribi;tes the burdens of taxation. Under it the poor man contributes his mite and the rich man is made to yield of his abundance. And this should be so. The rich and the poor alike owe fealty to the Government of their country ; and in cases of great emergency the lives of both and all of w'ordly wealth they possess, may be demanded to assist in its preservation. Finally, in the language of the accomplished Chairman of the Committee of Ways and Means, PI on. Thadens Stevens, " We have no fear that the loyal people of the free States will complain of any burdens which may be neces- saiy to vindicate the authority of the Union, and establish on a firm basis the principle of self-government and the inalienable riglits of man. So long as this money is honestly and economically expended, they will not repine. While the rich and the thrifty will be obliged to contribute largely from the abundance of their means, we have the consolation to know that no burdens have been imposed on the industrious laborer and mechanic ; that the food of the poor is untaxed ; and that no one w^ill be affected by the provisions of this bill whose living depends solely on his manual labor." JLBSTK, ACT. ILiIcenses. [Any number of persons may carry on business in co-partuership under one license; but, with the exception of Auc- tioneers and Teddlers, a license is availa- ble for one place of bu(^incss only, storage alone being permitted elsewhere.] Dol. cts. Amusements.— Theaters 100 00 Circuses 50 00 " Jugglers 20 00 " Other public ex- hibitions 10 00 No license procuied in one State is held to authorize ex- hibitions in another State, but a separate license is i-equircd for each State. Apothecaries, except Avhere an- nual gross receipts do not exceed $1000, or where a wholesale or retail dealers' license has been taken out 10 00 AUCTIOXEERS 20 00 Not allowed to sell at private sale under this license. No license required for Auction Sales made by judicial or exec- utive olliccrs, or public sales by executors or adnuuistralors. Baxkeus not incorj)orated or le- gally authorized to issue notes as circulation 100 00 Billiard Rooms and Bowling Alleys open to the public, for each table or alley 5 00 Dol. cts. Brewers 50 00 " Of less than 500 barrels per year 25 00 Brokers in Stocks, Shares, Money and Exchange 50 00 Brokers, Commercial, Shipping, Keal Estate, &c 50 00 Exempt. — Parties having tak- en out Wholesale Dealers', or Bankers' license. Brokers in Land AVarrauts 25 00 Cattle Brokers 10 00 Claim axd I'atext Agents 10 00 Coal Oil Distillers 50 00 Co N p E c T I o N E R s, retail, except where the annual gross receipts do not exceed $1000, or where a wholesale or retail deal'rs' license has been taken out 10 00 Dealeks, retail, except where the annual gross receipts do not exceed -flOOO. . 10 00 " Wholesale, who may also sell at retail " 50 00 Distillers of Spirituous Liquors, 50 00 Ditto, if less than 300 bbls. per year 25 00 " of Apples and Peaches manufacturing less than 150 bbls. per y"r, 12 50 " Ditto, if greater (juan- tity, same rate as dis- tilicrs of spirits. " Pharniaceutical and Chemical free. 36 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. Dol. cts. Eating Houses, except where tlie auuual jrross receipts do not ex- ceed SIOOO 10 00 Confectionery may be sold with- out an extra license. Hotels, In>s A>-r) Taver>'8, if rental or annual value of premises is ^10,000 and over 200 00 " $;5,000 and less than $10,000 100 00 " 2,500 " 5,000 75 00 " 1,000 " 2,500 50 00 500 " 1,000 25 00 300 " 500 15 00 100 " 300 10 00 " less than 100 5 00 Lawykks 10 00 Livery Stable Keepers and Horse Dealers 10 00 Manufacturers of Goods, Wares or 3Ierclia)idise, exceeding annu- ally !*1000 in value 10 00 Pawnbrokers 50 00 Peddlers traveling with more than two horses 20 00 Peddlers traveling with 2 horses, 15 00 1 horse... 10 00 " " on foot 5 00 Exempt. — Persons peddling news- papers, Bibles or lieligious Tracts. Peddlers OF Dry Goods who sell or offer one or more original pack- ages or pieces at one time to same person 50 00 Peddlers of Jewelry 25 00 Photographers when receipts do not exceed !?500 10 00 Photoguapheus when over 5?500 and under SIOOO 15 00 When over $1000 25 00 Physicians, Surgeons and Den- tists 10 00 Eectifiers who do not exceed 500 bbls. or casks of 40 gallons eiich 25 00 Eectifiers, lor each addition 500 such bbls. or fract'I part thereof 25 00 Spiuits, Fermented Liquors and Wines, wholesale dealers in,100 00 lletail ditto, not to be drank on the premises 20 00 Stea mers or Vessels upon waters of the United States, on board of which i)assengers or travelers are provided witli food or lodging. . 25 00 Tallow Chandlers and Soap Makers 10 00 Tobacconists, except where the annual gross receipts do not ex- ceed 81,000, or where a license has been taken out as wholesale or retail dealer, or keeper of Hotel, Inn or Tavern 10 00 [ Th-p license is payable before the com- mencement, or before the continuance, as tlie case may be, of the business required to be licensed, and it is made the duty of the person liable, to register his name and business with the Assistant Asse.--sor, and to make his application for and procure the license from the Col- lector as herein stated. — Editor.] Penalty for carrying on a business re- quiring a license, without the same, three times the amount of license. Penalty for any fraud in return of ac- tual rental of Hotel, &c. to the Assessor, double the amount of license. Exemptions. — Ko license is -required for the sale of goods, wares and merchan- dise made or produced and .sold by the manufacturer or producer at the manu- factory or place where tlie same is made or produced ; nor for the sale by vintners of wine of their OAvn growth at the place where it is made ; nor by apothecaries as to wines or spirituous liquors used exclu- sively for medicinal purposes. Physicians who keep on hand medicines for the sole purpose of making up their own prescrip- tions, do not require an apothecaries' license in addition to their own. Carriages, Tl'achts, i cts. per lb., per pound 00 1 " Ditto, above Z)4 cts per lb., per pound 00 5 " Fancy, Scented, Honey, Cream, Trans])arent, aiid all descriptions of Toilet and Shaving Soaps, per lb. 02 Starcu made of potatoes, pr lb. 00 1 " made of corn or wheat, per lb 00 1>^ " made of rice or other malerial, per lb 00 4 Steel, in ingots, bars, sheets or wire not less than oue- fourtli of an inch in tliick- D. cts. m. nQss, valued at 7 cents per pound or less, per ton 4 00 Ditto, above 7 and not above 11 cents per lb., per ton... . 8 00 " ^itto, above 11 cents per lb., per ton... 10 00 Sugar, refined, whether loaf, lump, granulated or pul- verized, per lb 00 2 " Kelined or made from mo- lasses, syrup of molasses, melado, or concentrated melado, per lb 00 2 " Brown, Muscovado, or clar- ified, produced directly from the sugar cane, and not from sorghum, or im- phec other than those pro- duced by the refined, pr lb. 01 Sugar Candy, and all confec- tionery made wholly or in part of sugar, per lb 01 Sulphate of barytks, per 100 lbs 10 Tobacco, cavendish, plug, twi.st fine-cut, and manufactured of all descriptions, not in- cluding snuff, cigars and smoking tobacco, prepared with ail the stems in, or made exclusively of stems, valued at more than 30 cts. per pound, per lb 15 " Ditto, valued at 30 cents or less per pound, per lb 10 " Smoking, prepared with all the stems in, per lb 05 " Smoking, made exclusively of stems', per lb 02 White Lead, per 100 lbs 25 Wine made of grape, per gallon U5 II. AD VALOREM DUTIES. Advertisements in newspap's, magazines, reviews, &c. on the gross receipts over .*;1,000 3 per ct. Exempt. — Adv'ts in newsjiap's circulating not more than 2,000 copies. Penalty for non-payment of duty when due, 5 per cent, ou amount thereof; for fraudu- lent returns, S?500. Auction Sales of Real Estate, goods, wares and merchan- dise, articles and things, in- cluding stocks, bonds and other secuiitics, ou the gross amount, 1-10 of 1 per ct. E.zempt. — Sales made by judi- cial or executive ofiicers, and public sales by executors and administrators. Penalty for auctioneers not making proper returns, &c., §500. Candles 3 per ct. Cloth and all textile or felted fabrics of cotton, wool or other material, before same has been dyed, piint'd, bleach- ed, or prepared in any other manner 3 per ct. Diamonds, Emeralds, and other Jewelry 3 per ct. Furs of all descriptions, when made up or manufactured. ... 3 per ct. Iksurance Companies inland and marine, and individuals, and associations engaged in the business of Insurance, on gross receipts 1 per ct. Penalty for default in delivery of returns or payment of duties, 5p5,OO0. Leather, morocco, kid or sheep skins curried, manu- factured or tinisliod 4 per ct. " Horse and hog skins tanned and dressed 4 per ct. " Amei'ican patent calf skins, 5 per ct. " Conduct'g hose of all kinds, 3 per ct. Manufactures not otherwise specilied, of cotton, wool, silk, worsted, flax, hemp, jute, India riibber, gutta-percha, wood, willow, glass, pottery- ware, leather, paper, iron, steel, lead, tin, copper, zinc, brass, gold, silver, horn, ivory, bone, bristles, wholly or iu part, or of other materials. . . 3 per ct. Paints and Painters' colors, dry or ground, in oil or in paste W'ith water, not otherwise pro- vided for 5 per ct. Paper of all descriptions, in- cluding pasteboard and bind- eis' board 3 per ct. Passengers. — On gross rcceijits on passengers by railroads using steam power, or by vessels propelled by steain 3 per ct. " Ditto by railroads ui-ing other power than steam, or by ferry-boats propel- led by steam or horse- power \}^ prct. Passenger, Tolls and Tolls of every description received for transit over any bridge, on gross receipts 3 per ct. Penalty for non-payment when due of passenger and toll duty, 5 per cent, on amount of duty ; for attempt to evade pavmeut, ??1,000. Pickles & Preserved Fruits, and all preserved meats, lish and shell-tish, in cans or air- tight packages 5 per ct. Pins, solid head or other 5 ])er ct. Umbrellas andl'AUASOLS. ... 5 per ct. Varnish, made wholly or in part of gum-copal, or other gums or substance 5 per ct. *** On all Cloths, dyed, printed, bleach- ed, manufactured into other fabrics, or otherwise prei)ared, on which a duty or tax shall have been paid beibre the same were so dyed, piinted, bleached, manu- factured, or prepared ; and on Oil-dressed Leather, and Deer !Skins dressed or smok- ed, manufactured into Gloves, Mittens, or other articles, on which a duty or tax shall have been paid before the same were so manufactured, the manufacturing duty or tax of 3 per cent, shall be assessed only on the increased value thereof. Exemptions. — The following are not re- garded as manufactures: Printed Books, Magazines, Pamphlets, Newspapers, lie- views, and other similar printed I'ublica- tions; Boards, Shingles, and other Lum- ber and Timber; Staves, Hoops, Head- ings, and Timber only partially wrought and unlinished for Chairs, Tubs, Pails, Snathes, Lasts, Shovel and Fork Handles ; Umbrella Stretchers; Pig Iron, and Iroir not advanced beyond Slabs, Blooms, or Loops; Maps and Charts; Charcoal; Al- cohol, made or manufactured of Spirits or materials upon which the duties im- posed by this act shall have been paid ; Plaster or Gypsum ; Malt ; Burning Fluid ; Printers' Ink ; Flax prepared for textile or felting purposes, until actually woven or titted'into fabrics for consump- tion; all Flour or Meal made from Grain; Biead and Bi-eadstutls ; Pearl Barley and Split Peas; Butter; Cheese; Concentra- ted Milk; Bulliorr, in the manufacture of Silverware; Brick; Lime; IJoman Ce- ment; Draining Tiles; Marble; Slate; Building Stone; Cop])cr in ingots or pigs; and Lead in pigs or bars. Exemption.'!. — Where the product of the manulacture (except in the case of spir- ituous and malt liquors, and tobacco) does not amount to §600 ; and in all cases where manufactured for private use. [Manvfacturers are reciuired to make monthly returns to the Assistant Assessor within ten days after the lirst day of each and every month. The AssistantAssessor makes return thereof to the Assessor witliin live days thereafter. And the Assessor on orbefore the twentieth day of each month shall make return to the Collector of all assessments on manufac- tures within his district for the month preceding the lirst day of, and the Col- lector shall make collection thereof before the last day of the same n»onth. Keliirns of gross receipts for passengers by rail- roads, or by vessels propelled by steam, mu!3t be made within live days after the end of each month to the Assistant As- sessor, and payment must be made to the Collector lit the time of making the return. — Editor.] Penalty for any violation of or refusal to comply with the i)rovi,«ions of the act recj airing notice to be given to assessor of any manufacture liable to be assessed, and monthly returns to be made of pro- 40 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. ducts, sales, &c., S?500; for neglect to pay duties, forfeiture of goods. Incomes, I>ivtdend8, X'0ME derived from interest upon notes, bonds or other se- curities of the United States, included in the above In- comes (whether subject to 3 per cent, or 5 per cent.), shall only pay a duty of 1}4 pr ct. Exemptions. — Salaries of Government employees, &c., above $600, and Income derived from interest or dividends on stock, capital, or deposits in any bank, trust company, or savings institution, in- surance, gas, bridge, express, telegraph, steamboat, ferryboat, or railroad com- pany, or corporation, or on any bonds or other evidences of indebtedness of any railroad company or other corporation, which shall have been assesseil or i)aid by said banks, trust companies, savings institutions, insurance, gas, bridge, tele- graph, steamboat, ferryboat, express, or i railroad companies, as aforesaid, or de- rived from advertisements, oi" on any arti- cles manufactured, upon which specific, stamp, or ad valorem duties shall have been directly assessed and paid. Penalty for non-payment when due, 5 per cent, on amount of duty. Stamp Duties. I. COMMERCIAL AND LEGAL. Commencing Oct. 1, 1862. , Dol. cts. Agreement or Contract other than specified, and Appraisement for every sheet 05 Bank Check, Draft, or Order for payment of any sum exceed- ing $20 at sight or'on demand.. . 02 Bill OF Exchange, (Inland) Draft, or Order for the Payment of Money otherwise thaii at sight or on demand, or any Promis- sory Note except* Bank Notes issued for circulation, for a sum exceeding 50 and not exceeding $100 " exc'g $100 and not exc'g $200 200 350 500 750 1,000 1,500 2,500 350.. 500.. 750.. 1,000.. 1,500.. 2,500.. 5.000.. 250 500 1,000 1,500 2,250 3,500 5,000 500. 1,000.. 1,500.. 2,250.. 3,500.. 5,000.. 7,500.. 05 10 15 20 30 40 60 1 00 1 50 " for every $2,500, or fractional part thereof, additional 1 00 Bills of Exchange or Orders for Payment drawn or purporting to be diawn in any foi eign country, but payable in the United States, must have placed thereon an ad- hesive Stamp of proper value, such as is required for Inland Bills of Exchange. Penalty for paying or negotiating the same without such Stamp, $100. Bills of Exchange (Foreign) or Letters of Cicdit drawn in but payable out of the United States, if drawn singly or otherwise than in a set of three or more, are sub- ject to the same rates as Inland Bills of Exchange. Bills of Exchange (Foreign) drawn in sets of three or more, for every Bill of each set, when the sum made payable shall not exceed $150, or equivalent thereof in any foreign currency " exc'g $150 and not exc'd $250.. 03 05 10 15 20 30 50 70 1 00 for every .$2,500, or fractional part thei'cof, additional 30 Dol. cts. Bill, of Lading, of receipt for goods, &c., to be exported from a port or place iu the United States, to auy foreign port or place r. 10 Bo>'D for indemiiityiiig any person who shall liave become bound, or engaged as surety 60 Bond of any description, other than sucli as are required in legal pro- ceedings, and such as are not otlierwise charged 25 Certificate of .Stock in an in- corporated company 25 Certificate of Profits, or mem- orandum of interest iii auy in- corporated company for not less than SIO, nor over ^50 10 " Ditto for over S50 25 Certificate of Damage, and all documents issued by Port Ward- ens, Marine Surveyors, &c 25 Certificate of Deposit, for not exceeding SlOO 02 " exceeding S^lOO 05 Certificate of any other descrip- tion 10 Charter Party, when theiegis- tered tonnage does not^kceed 300 tons 3 00 " exceeding 300, and not exceed- ing 600 5 00 " exceeding 600 tons 10 00 Contract JS'otes 10 Conveyance, when the considera- tion or value is over SlOO, and not above S500 50 " over $500 and not above $1,000 1 00 " " 1,000 " " ■ 2,500 2 00 " " 2,500 " " 5,000 5 00 " " 5,000 " " 10,000 10 00 " " 10,000 " " 20,000 20 00 " for every additional S10,0(.)0 or fractional part 20 00 Customs' Entry for goods not ex- ceeding $100 in value 25 " exceeding $100, and not ex- ceeding $500 50 " exceeding $500 1 00 Entry for withdrawal from Bond- ed Warehouse 50 Express and Carriers' Ileceipts, when amount not over 25c... . " exceeding 25c. and not over $1 " for one or more packages to the same address, wlien the amount is over $1 05 Insurance Policy, Marine, In- land, or Fire 25 " Life, when not exceeding $1,000 25 " " exceeding $1,000 nnd not exceeding $5,000. 50 " " exceeding .$5,000 1 00 Lease, agreement, memoiandum, or contract for the hire, use, or rent of any land, tenement, &c., for not exceeding 3 yrs. " exceeding three years 01 02 50 1 00 Dol. cts. Manifest for Customs' Entry or Clearance of a vessel to a foi-- cign port, if under 300 tons — 1 00 " exceeding 300 and not exceed- ing 600' tons, 3 00 " exceeding 600 tons 5 00 Mortgage of lands, estate, or property, real or personal, her- ilable or movable whatsoever; also conveyance of ditto in trust, as security, and redeem- able before sale or disposal ; or any personal bond given as security for j)avmcnt of money exceeding $100 and not ex- ceeding $500 50 " exc'g $500 and not exc'g $1,000 100 •' " 1,000 " " 2,500 2 00 " " 2,500 " " 5,000 5 00 " " 5,000 " " 10,000 10 00 " " 10,000 " " 20,000 15 00 " for everv additional $10,000 or fractional part 10 00 Passage Ticket, by any vessel from a port in tile U. S. to a foreign port, if less than $30. . 50 " if exceeding $30 1 00 Power of Attorney for Sale or Transfer of stock, bonds or scrip, or for collections of div- idends or interest thereon 25 " or Proxy for Voting at election for oflicers of any incorpora- ted company or society, ex- cept religious, charitable, or literary societies, or public cemeteries 10 " to Receive or Collect Eents. . . 25 " to Sell and Convey real estate, or to Kent or Lease the same, and to perlbrm any acts not hereinbefo! e specilied 1 00 Probate op Will or Letters of Administration, when the es- tate or elfects do not exceed $2,500 50 " ex'g $2,500 and not ex'g $5,000 1 00 " " 5,000 " " 20,000 2 00 " " 20,000 " " 50,000 5 00 " " 50,000 " " 100,000 10 00 " " 100,000 " " 150,000 20 00 " everv additional $50,000 or fractional part 10 00 Protest of In' ote. Bill of Exchange, Accejitance, ("lieck, or Draft, or any Jlarine Protest, by Notary Public or other authorized otlicer 25 Telegraphic Dispatch or Mes- sage, the charge for which, for tlie first ten Words, does not exceed 20 cents 01 " ditto, when the charge exceeds 20 cents for ditto 03 Warehouse Receipt for any Goods, Merchandise, or Pro]K'rty held on Storage, in any public or private warehou.-e or yard 25 Writ or othc)- I'ower by which any Suit is commenced iu auy Court 42 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. Dol. cts. of Record, cither Law or Equity, except issued by a Justice of tlie Eeace, or in any Criminal Suits commenced by the United States or any State..' 50 Exemptions. — Manifests, Bills of Lad- ing and Passage Tickets for steamboats or other vessels plving between ports of the United States and British North America. Penalty for making, signing or issuing any document requiring a stamp, without liaving a proper stamp imprc'^scd thereon or aifixed thereto, .f50 and invalidity of the document ; for omitting to cancel ad- hesive stami s, when first used, by writ- ing the initials thereon or otherwise de- facing the same, S50; for making, sign- ing, issuing, accepting or paying any bill of exchange, draft, &c., without the same being properly stamped, S200; for Tele- graph Companies receiving or transmit- ting any message or dispatch without the same being stamped, !t?10; for Express Companies receiving goods without de- livering a stamped receipt, §10; for Forging or Counterfeiting stamps, and for uttering the same, line not exceeding S1,000 and imprisonment with hard labor not exceeding five years. *#* No Stamp denoting the duty charg- ed on any particular instrument and bear- ing the "name thereof shall be used for any other purpose, and if so used, the same shall be of no avail. Sale of Stamps and allowance thereon. — Collectors, Deputy Collectors, Postmas- ters, Stationers, or any other person, at the discretion of the Commissioner of In- land licvenue, can obtain Stamps in quantities, upon payment, at the time of delivery, of the amount of duties, from which there may be deducted a commis- sion of 5 per cent., and the cost of any vellum, parchment or paper on which Stamps may be impressed. No allow- ance on sums of less than 350. [From a regulation of the Department, relative to stamps, the following commis- sion, payable in slanipx., will be allowed: On purchases of Sr50 or more 2 per ct. 100 " 3 " " 500 " 4 " '* 1,000 " 5 " —Editor.] Note. — Since the passage of the Act it has been so amended that '' no instrument, doc- ument or paper made, signed or issued prior to the \st day of .January, 18G3, loithout be- ing duly stamped, or having thereon an ad- hesive statnp to denote the duty imposed thereon, shall for that cause be deemed invalid and of no effect: Provided, hotve/ner, That no such instrument, document or j)aper sh^ll be almittpd as evidence in any court until the same shall have been duly stamped, nor until the holder thereof shall have proveil to the satisfaction of the court that he has paid to the collector or deputy collector of the dis- trict within ivhich'such court ynay be held, the smn of $5 for the use of the United States." Stamps of all denominations, so so07i as they are received, ivill be for sale at the office of the Collector of Internal Revemie, San Francisco, at the rates of discount es- tablished by the Department. II, MISCELLANEOUS. Dol. cts. Patent oh Proprietary Medi- cines AND Preparations, upon every packet, box, bot- tle, pot, &c., where the retail price does not exceed 25c " exc'g 2.5c. and not exc'g 50c. . " 50c. " " 75c.. " 75c. " " m 00. . " each additional 50c. or frac- tional part Perfumery and Cosmetics, pre- pared and sold, or removed for consumption and sale in the Uni- ted States, the same duty as Med- icines. Playing Cards, Avhen price per pack is^ot above 15c " do. ov9W5c. and not exc'g 25c. 25c. 30c. 33c.. 30c. 36c. 01 02 03 04 02 01 02 03 04 05 Penalty for not defacing or fixing stamp so that it shall be destroyed in opening the bottle, box or package, ?50; for making, preparing or selling any of the above without a proper stamp being af- fixed thereto, SlOO; for removing stamps from one package to another with intent to evade duty, S50; for manufacturers neglecting to make a declaration, month- ly, that no articles have been sent out unstamped, SFIOO; for making false or untrue declaration, 8^500. Allowance on Quantities. — Any proprie- tor of a medicine, &c., furnishing his own die or design for stamps will be al- lowed a discount on amounts purchased at one time of not less than 350 nor more than 3500, of 5 per cent. ; and on amounts over 3500, of 10 per cent. Inlegacy .Wutles. Legacies and distributive shares, arising from J'ersonal Property, when the same shall exceed 31,000, pay duty according to the following propinquity to the de- ceased : 1. To lineal issue or lineal ances- tor, brother or sister, for every 3100 75 2. To a descendant of a brother or sister, ditto 1 50 3. To a brother or sister of father or mother, or a descendant of a brother or sister of father or moth- er, ditto 3 00 4. To abrotherorsister of grand- father or grandmother, or a de- 1863.] INTERNAL REVENUE ACT. 43 Dol. cts. sccndaiit of brother or sister of grandfather or graiulmotlior, ditto 4 00 5. To any other degree of collat- eral cousaiiguinit.y, oi- to a stranger in blood, or to a body politic or corporate, ditto 5 00 Exempt. — Property passing to husband or Avife. [A return of this duty must be made to the Assistant Assessor and payment thereof made before any portion of the property of the deceased can be distrib- uted. — Editor.] Penalty i'or any person having in charge any record containing information as to the property of the deceased, witlihold- ing same from the proper officials, .'tpoOO. WJien executors or administrators refuse or neglect to deliver a proper statement of personal property, or to pay the duty when due, the liigliest rate of duty will be enforced. Drawback. An allowance or Drawback Avill be made on all articles on which any inter- nal duty or tax shall have been paid, ex- cept RAW OR UNMA]VUPACT0RED COT- Tox, equal in amount to the duty or tax paid thereoUj when exported, upon evi- dence being lurnished that such duty or tax has been paid. . . *^* No drawback will be allowed on any amount claimed less than S20. Adrliiional Drawback. — In computing the allowance or drawback upon articles manufactured exclusively of Cotton, when exported, there shall be allowed, in addition to the 3 per cent, duty which shall have been paid on such articles, a drawback of 5 mills per pound upon such articles, in all cases where the duty im- posed by this act upon the Cotton used in the maimfacture thereof has been pre- viously paid ; the amount of said allow- ance to be ascertained in such manner as may be prescribed. • . Pfnalty for fraudulently claiming draw- back upon goods on which no dutj' shall have been ])aid, or a greater allowance than shall have been actually paid, l?500 or triple the amount wrongfully claimed, at the election of the Secretary of the Treasury. General Penalties. Penalty i'or delivering or disclosing false or fraudulent Lists or'Statements of tax- able articles to the assessors, not to ex- ceed S500, in addition to the duties on omitted articles. Penalty for neglect or refusal to give a proper List or Statenjent of taxable arti- cles within the time required (except in case of sickness) SlOO, with'SO 'per cent, additional duty. The assessor is empow- ered to enter the premises of negligent or recusant parties for the purpose of making his assessment. Penalty for non-payment of annual taxes at the time and place appointed by the collector for the receipt tliereof, an addition of 10 per cent, to the amount. Penalty for refiiLang ollicers admission to places where taxable articles are man- ufactured, or for in any way obstructing them in the performance of their duty, $500. Penalty for any attempt at fraud in the evasion of duty, seizure and condemna- tion of the articles; for possession of anj^ such articles for the purpose of selling ttie same with the design of avoiding payment of duties, SilOO. [Enforcement of fines and penalties. — The Collectors are authorized, in their own name or in the name of the United States, to sue for all tines, penalties, and forfeit- ures, which may be incurred or imp'bsed by virtue of this act. — Editok.] (State Taxes and Rights. No license provided for by the act, if granted, shall be construed to authorize the commencement or continuation of any trade, business, occupation or em- ployment within any State or Territory of the United States in which it is or shall be specially prohibited by the laws there- of - . . Nothing in the act shall be held or con- strued so as to prevent the several States, within the limits thereof, from placing a duty, tax or license, for State pui-poses, on any business, matter or thing, on which a duly, tax or license is required to be paid by the act to provide Internal Revenue. Decisions and Resulations Issued by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Which may be consiilied for a.hc.tter understanding of the various sections of the la to to which they refer. 1. The s^eneral principle of the Excfge Law is, that each particular manufac- ture is taxed for its value ; though materials used in it.s production are, in them- selves, niauufaotures on whicli duty has lieeu previously paid. Tlii.s is true of shoes made from taxed leather, of engines nuide from iron on which u tax has been paid, etc., etc. 2. A manufacturer's license should be taken out in the district where the 44 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. manufactory is situated. The taxes must also be paid to the Collector of the same district. 3; Goods sent by a manufacturing establishment to its accent, are regarded as still in the factory. , In such case the tax is due when the goods are sold, or removed from the agent's hands. 4. A commission nierchant cannot be regarded as an agent : and whenever goods are removed from the factory and sent to a commission house, they are at once liable to assessment. 5. Section 6 provides that any mimber of persons carrying on business in co- partnership, may he licensed to transact such business at the place, and in the manner specified in the license. In order that one license will avail for several persons or members of a firm, the Assessor must be satisfied : 1st, That a legal bona Jide partnership exists, and not merely an arrangement or understanding by w^iich to evade the full effect of the license law. i!d, That the parties have a place of business, and only one place, w^iich is common to all. 3d, That the alleged members are mutually responsible for the acts of each other, and that they jointly share the benefits and sutler the losses of a common business. _ 4th, That the parties on no occasion transact business on private account in the branch for which the tirm purports to have been organized. 6. A lawyer having taken out a license to practice law in a certain State, for one year, will not be permitted to remove (with the design of permanently locating) to another State, and practice his profession there, without having first taken out a new license in the State to which he may have removed. If, however, the oflice from which the lawyer removes be taken by another law- yer, his license might be made available'to the newcomer under Section 63. 7. A lawyer licensed to practice law in a certain State may, however, go into another Sta'te, or into another county of tbe same State, ou a temporary eniploy- ment to argue a cause or to give advice to clients, without being required to take out a license in such State or county. 8. A lawyer who displays a sign at hi's residence, and transacts business there as well as at his office, must take out two licenses. 9. If a person holds out to the public by words, deeds, or writing, that he is engaged in any kind of business requiring license, he must take license therefor, althouijh tlie business in question may not be his chief or exclusive occupation. 10. Generally, the business of one "who keeps a stall in the market is that of a retail dealer'; there are exceptions, however. The Assistant Assessor and Assessor must judge in each ease. If the dealer sells chietiy or entirely to con- sumers, tliough he may often sell in the original packages, he should be classed as a retail dealer. If, on the other hand, his sales are generally in the original packages, or if it is his occupation to sell to those who buy to sell again, or if this part of his business is considerable, so much that he depends upon and pro- cures stock with reference to it, he should be classed as a wholesale dealer, even though he sells at retail. The law contemplates sales at retail by whole- sale dealers. 11. A dealer Avho sells soap, candles, starch, tea, or other articles, by the original package, or salt bv the wagon-load, etc., etc. to consumers, is not a wliolesale dealer under the law ; but if he sells to those who sell again, he will be re([uired to have a wholesale dealer's license. A furniture dealer who sells a bureau, sofa or table to customers, for tlieir ow^n use, whether in the package in w^hich he received it, or not, is not a wholesale dealer. 12. A person engaged in settling an estate, who collects rents merely as an incident thereto, and not as an occupation, is not liable to a license as a commer- cial broker. If, however, he in any way indicates his readiness to engage in such business, and accepts it whenever ottered, tlien he is liable to a license tax under Section 64, item 14. The amount of business actually done is not conclus- ive evidence upon the point. The main inquiry is, Is it the person's occupation to purcliase, rent or scdl real estate for others ? Nor is it necessary that he should be engaged exclusively in this employment. 13. It is iuij)V)ssib]e to lay 'down an ari)ifrary rule by which to test a man's business, and decide whether he is a broker or "a banker. The law is explicit. , Assistant Assessors must exercise their best judgment, with the facts of each case in view. Parties who feel aggrieved can appeal to Assessors. If an at- 1863.] INTERNAL REVENUE ACT. 45 tempt were made to decide in advance, such a decision would confuse the judg- ment of tlie local officers rather than aid it. 14. The tax of ten doUars upon billiard tables kept for use, as provided in Schedule A, does not apply to billiard tables kept for hire, and subjected to a license tax in vSection 64, Art. 20. 15. Dealers in ice, wlio supjily customers from carts and wagons, collecting their bills monthly or at the end of the season, do not require a peddler's license for such carts and wagons, although occasional small sales of ice are made by such drivers. They do not travel from place to place for tlie purpose of selling, but to deliver what has been previously sold. The same rule applies to milk wagons, grocers' wagons, bakers' and butchers' carts, used to deliver what was previously purchased or contracted for. It does not apply to bread, meat and tish cartsj dealers in fruits and vegetables, owned or hired and run for the pur- pose of selling (peddling) their contents from house to house. 16. A farmer who sells the products of his own farm, by ti-aveling from house to house, is not a peddler ; but a person who buys and sells, as an occupation, and does his business while traveling from house to house, or place to place, must take a license as a peddler. 17. Photographers may be allowed to travel from place to place under license as photographers. Eacli license in this case should state the place of residence of the photographer, and should specify that he is to travel. 18. The license of steam and sailing packets, as provided in Section 64, Article 11, must in all cases be taken out, and the tax paid by the person or firm having the care or management of the steamer or vessel specilied in the law, at the principal terminus or landing thereof, whether such person or lirm be known as owner or agent. 19. A regularly licensed auctioneer can sell the goods of a licensed dealer in such dealer's store; but he cannot sell the goods, wares, etc. ot an unlicensed dealer who is subject to a license tax at his (the dealer's) place of business, with- out being subject to the penalty. 20. An auctioneer can sell such goods as are not usually included in the stocks of dealers, wherever such goods may be situated, without taking special license therefor. 21. Persons buying produce, butter, eggs, etc., and forwarding the same to wholesale or commission merchants, to be sold by them, are not subject to a license tax in consequence of such buying ; provided, tliey buy for themselves. But if they buy for others, they are liable to the license as connnercial brokers. 22. Nurserymen are required to take out licenses, as wholesale or retail deal- ers, as the case may be ; and tree dealers, who buy to sell again, if they ped- dle their trees, nmst take out licenses as peddlers, and also as dealers, if tliey have places of business. 23. If weekly, tri-weekly and daily newspapers are published in one office by the same parties, and are composed principally of the same matter, though the matter in them nuiy diller to some extent, theVe can be no doubt that they are to be regarded as one paper, and are liable to taxation, if their combined circu- lation exceeds two thousand copies. 24. A manufacturer of any article for the Government nuist pay the tax as though he were selling to an individual. 25. When persons receive from a manufacturer of clothing, whether in the same town or at a distance, garments to be made, and when finished to be returned to the manufacturer or owner as aforesaid, such persons may not be required to pay the tax of 3 per cent, on the value thereof; provided, that at the request of the Assistant Assessor they make out a list subscribed and sworn ; which list shall contain the quantity of garments so nuule nj), during each mouth, and as near as may be the value thereof, together witli the name and residence of the person for whom the labor has been performed. Such a list siiall be transmitted by tlie Assessor receiving the same to the Assessor of the district wherein the owner of the goods resides, or has his usual place of business, to the end that the tax thereon due, under the Excise Law, may be paid in the district where the actual owner's place of business is situated. 2G. l7L regard to Iron Canlingti. 1st. All castings which are so well known, and so generally used, as to 46 STATE ALMA>^C. [1863. have a commercial value, must be taxed as manufactures when sold or re- moved. 2d. Other castinj^s made u])on special order of a machinist, but which are not known to the trade as nianutaotures in themselves, are exempt, not being man- ufactures witliin tlie conteiuphition of the law. 3d. Where a person makes castings only, he must pay the tax thereon. If, however, he manufactures castings, and uses them himself in the manufacture of other articles, tlie tax can be assessed only on the last. The right to levy the tax depends upon the fact of sale, or removal for sale or consumption. 27. Vessels and steamers that are built and launched in the ordinary manner are exempt from taxation. Several of the articles of which the v]>ly to money so refunded on which the tax to the Gov- ermnent shall not have been pievioui^ly paid. 5tti. Dividends paid by mntuiilinsurance companies, in scrip or money, to the insured upon expired or expiring policies, are subject to the tax of 3 per cent, undei- Section 8:J. Gth. The agents of insurance companies located ^^•ithin the United States are not, in consequence of such ayency, connnercial brokers ; nor do they appear to be taxable under the law. Forei>in a^^ents are ta^able under Section 85. 38. In stamping promissor}' notes or otlier instrui. -^nts recjuiring stamps under the provisions of the Excise La^Y, two or more of a smaller denomination may be used in numbers sullicient to anxount to the sum of the stamp requiied ; pro- vided, tliat they are of the kind denominated for the kind of instrument to which the stamps are ap])lied. 39. A stamp will be required upon every certificate which has or may have a legal value in any Court of law or equit}^ 40. Certificates, warrants, orders and di-afts by one State officer upon another, for the purpose of carrying on the internal business of the Government, are not subject to a stamp tax. 41. The same rule applies to the certificates, orders, etc. of county, city and town officers. 42. Messages transmitted by telegraph and railroad companies over their own lines, on their own business, for which they receive no pay, are not taxable. An Act to secure Homesteads to Actual Settlers on the Public Domain. Be it evaded by the Seiiate and House of liepreaentaiives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That any person who is tiie head of a family, or who has arrived at the age of twenty-one years, and is a citizen of the United States, or who shall have tiled his declaration of intension to become such, as required by the naturalization laws of the United States, and who lias never borne arms against the United States Government, or given aid and comfort to Us enemies, shaJl, from and after tlie hrst day of Jannar}- loti3, be entitled to enter one quarter section or a let-.s quantity of una])propriatea public lands, njion which sucli ])erson may liave tiled a i)re-emptinii claim, or which may, at the time the application is made, be subject to pre-einjition at one dollar and twenty-live cents, or less, per acre ; or eighty acres or less of such unappropriated lands at two dollars and fifty cents per acre, to be located in a body, in ct)nformity to the legal subdivisions of the public lands, and after the same shall have been surveyed : provided, that any person owning and residing on land may, under the provisions of tliis act, enter other land contiguous to his or her said land, which shall not, with the land so already owned and occupied, exceed in the aggregate one hundred and sixty acres. Sec. 2. And. be it further enacted. That the person applying for the benefit of this act .sliall, upon ajjplication to the Register of the land office in -which he or she is about to make such entry, make affidavit before the said Register or Receiver tiiat lie or she is the head of a family, or is twenty-one or ii,oie years of age, or shall have ])erl'orined service in the army or navy of the I'nited States, and tliat he has never borne arms against the (xoverinnent of the United Slates, or given aid and comfort to its enemies, and that such application is made for his or lier exclusive use and benefit, and that said entry is made for the purpose of actual settlement and cultivation, and not either directly or indirectly for tiie use or benefit of any otlier person or persons whomsoever; and upon tiling tlie said aflidavit with the Regiister or Receiver, and on payment of ten dollars, he or she shall thereupon be peruiitted to enter the quantity of laud specilied ; pro- vided, however, that no certificate shall be given or pi'tent is^ued therefor until the expiration of five years from the date of such eiitiy ; and if, at the expira- 48 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. tion of such time, or at any time witliin two years tliereafter, the person making puch entry — or if he be dead, his widow ; or in case of her de:itli, his heirs or devisee ; or in case of a widow raakin.y sucli entry, her heirs or devisee, in case of lier death — shall prove by two credible witnesses that he, she, or they have resided anon or cultis-ated the same for the tei-m of five vears innnediately suc- ceedinsj; the time of filiny- the aflichivit aforesaid, and shall make affidavit that no part of said land has been alienated, and tliat he has borne true allegiance to tiie Government of the United States, then, in such case, he, she, or they, if at that time a citizen of tlie United States, shall be entitled to a patent, as in other cases provided for by law. And provided, fu riher, that in case of the death of both father and mother, leaving an infant child, or children, under, twenty-one years of age, the right and fee shall inure to the benefit of said infant child or children; and the executor, administrator or guardian may, at any time witliin two years after the death of the surviving parent, and in accordance with the laws' of the State in which such children for the time being have their domicil, sell said land for the benefit of said infants, but for no other purpose ; and tlie purchaser sliall acquire the absolute title by the purchase, and be entitled to a patent from the United States, on payment of the office fees and sum of money herein specified. Sec. 3. And. be it farther enacted, That the Register of the land office shall note all such applications on the tract books and plats of his office, and keep a register of all such entries, and make return thereof to the General Land Office, together with the proof upon which they have been founded. Sec. 4. And he it further enacted, Tiiat no lands acquired under the provisions of this act shall iii any event become liable to the satisfaction of any debt or debts contracted prior to the issuing of the patent therefor. Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That if, at any time after the filing of the affidavit, as required in the second section of this act, and before the expiration of the live years aforesaid, it shall be proven, after due notice to the settler, to the satisfaction of the Register of the land office, that the person having filed such afiidavit shall have actually changed his or her residence, or abandoned the said land for more than six montiis at any time, then and in that event the land so entered shall revert to the Government. Sec. 6. And be it further cnac'ed. That no individual shall be permitted to accpure title to more than one quarter section under the provisions of this act ; and that the Commissioner of the General Land Office is hereby required to prepare and issue such rules and regulations, consistent with this act, as shall be necessary and proper to carry its provisions into etfect ; and that the regis- ters and receivers of the several land offices shall be entitled to receive the same compensation for any lands entered under the provisions of this act that they are now entitled to" receive when the same quantity of land is entered with monev, one half to be jtaid by the person making the application at the time of so doing, and the other half on tlie issue of the certificate by the person to wliom it may be issued: but this shall not be construed to enlarge the maximum of compensation now prescribed by law for any Register or lieceiver : provided, that nothing contained in this act shall be so construed as to impair or interfere in any manner whatever with the existing pre-emption rights : and. provided, further, tliat all persons who may hifve filed their applications for a pre-emption right prior to the passage of this act, shall be entitled to all privileges of this act : ]}rovided, further, tiuit no person who has served, or may hereafter s-erve, for a period of "not less than fourteen days in the army or navy of the United States, either regular or volunteer, under tlie laws thereof, during the existence of an actual war, domestix; or foreign, shall be deprived of the benefits of this act on account of not having attained the age of twenty -one years. Sec. 7. And- Ije it farther enacted. That the fifth section of the act entitled " An act in addition to an act more elfectually to i)rovide for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States, and for other purposes," appi-oved the third of March, in the year 1857, sliall extend to all oaths, affirmations and affi- davits required or authorized by this act. Sec. 8. And be it furtlier enacted. That nothing in tliis act shall be so con- strued as to prevent any pei-son wiio has availed him or herself of the benelits of the first section of "this act from paying the minimum price, or the price to 1863.] SWAMP AND OVERFLOWED LANDS. 49 which the same may have graduated, for the quantity of land so entered at any time before the ex})iration of the five years, and o'btaining a patent therefor from the Government, as in other cases" provided by hiw, on making proof of settlement and cultivation as provided by existing laws granting pre-emption rights. Approved May 20, 1862. Abstract of the Laws REGULATING THE SALE OF SWAMP AND OVERFLOWED, TIDE, AND MARSH LANDS. Any person who is, or may be, entitled by the laws of California to become a citizen thereof, wishing to purchase such lands, must file an affidavit in the office of the County Surveyor in wliich the larger portion thereof is situated, setting forth that he has hot purchased any other lands under former acts, which together with the lands now sought to be purchased, exceed in the aggregate six hundred and forty acres ; that he has no knowledge of any other legal or equitable claim than his own, and that every forty acre lot, or its equivalent subdivision, of the land sought to be purchased, is the greater part swampy, or subject to inundation, at tlie planting, growing, or harvesting sea- sons, so as to endanger, injure, or destroy the crop, taking the average seasons for a reasonable number of years, prior to the year 1850, as a rule of determi- nation. The County Surveyor then proceeds to make a survey of the land sought to be purchased, unless a previous survey has been matie of the tract, and in either case, he makes out a plat and held notes therefor, and after recording the same, forwards duplicate copies to the State Surveyor-General, within ten days after such survey may be completed or approved, 'together with a copy of the affidavit of the applicant. If the Surveyor-General upon examination finds the same correct, he returns one of the duplicate copies, with his approval indorsed thereon, to the said County Surveyor, who records the approval, and delivers the said copy to the applicant who is required within thirty days from the date of the record of the approval to pay to the Treasurer of the county one dollar for each acre con- tained in the said survey ; to take duplicate receipts for the same, and have them recorded by the Count}'^ Aul 1861 1801 1861 1861 1861 1858 1861 1861 52 STATE AL3IANAC. [1863. XXXVIIth Congress. SECOJSTD REGULAR SESSION CONVENED MONDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1862. ISenate. HANKIBAL HAMLIN, of Maine, President ex officio. [Republicans (in Eoman), 32; Democrats (in Italics), 8; Unionists (in small \ ^.ps), 9; vacancies, 19— seceded. Total, 68. The figures before each Senator's caps name denotes the year when his term expires.] CALIFOKNIA. 1863 Milton S. X«^/!rt/n.... Sacramento. 1867 * James A. McUougall.S-dn Francisco. CONNECTICUT. 1863 James Dixon Hartford. 1867 Lafayette S. Foster. .Norwich. DEL AWAKE. 1863 James A. Banard Wilmlneton. 1865 Willard ^Saa/itMry.. Georgetown. ILLINOIS. 1865 *OrvilleH. Browning.Quincy. 1867 Lyman Trumbull Alton. INDIANA. 1863 *JosEPH A. Wright.. Jeflfersonville. 1867 *Henry S. Lane Crawfordsville. IOWA. 1865 James W. Grimes.... Burlington. 1867 James Harlan Mount Pleasant. KANSAS. 1865 *James H. Lane Lawrence. 1867 *Seth C. Pomeroy.,.. Atchison. KENTUCKY. 1865 Lazarus TF. i^oweW... Henderson. 1867 *Gabket Davis. . . . Paris. MAINE. 1863 *Lot M. Morrill Augusta. 1865 \Vm. Pitt Fessenden.. Portland. MASSACHUSETTS. 1863 Charles Sunnier Boston. 1865 Henry Wilson Natick. MARYLAND. 1863 Anthony Kennedy.. EUicott's :MiIls. 1867 James A. Pearce Chestertown. MICHIGAN. 1863 Zachariah Chandler.. Detroit. 1865 *Jacob M. Howard. MINNESOTA. 1863 Henry M. Bice St. Paul. 1865 Morton S. Wilkiuson.Mankato. MISSOURI. 1863 *EoBERT S. Wilson.. St. Louis. 1867 *Jko. B. HENDERSON.Osceola. NEW HAMPSHIRE. 1863 John P. Hale Dover. 1867 Daniel R. Clark Manchester. NEW YORK. 1863 Preston King Ogdenshurg. 1867 *Ira Harris Albany. NEW JERSEY. 1863 *Ricliard S. Field.... Trmc^ion. 1865 John C. Ten Eyck.. . .Mount Holly. OHIO. 1863 Benjamin F. Wade.. .Jefferson. 1867 *John Sherman Mansfield. OREGON. 1865 *Benj. T. Harding.. Portland. 1867 * George W. iVeswiV/i.. Salem. PENNSYLVANIA. 1863 *David Wihnot Towanda. 1867 *Edgar Cowan Greeusburg. RHODE ISLAND. 1863 ♦S. G. Arnold Providence. 1865 Henry B. Anthony... Providence. TENNESSEE. 1863 Andrew Johnson... .Greenville. 1865 [Vacancy— seceded.] VERMONT. 1863 Solomon Foot Ruthand. 1867 Jacob Collamer Woodstock. VIRGINIA. 1863 *AVait. T. WiLLEY...Morgant.own. 1865 *James S. Carlisle. .Wheeling. WISCONSIN. 1F63 James R. Doohttle.. .Kacine. 1867 *Timothy O. Howe... Green Bay. House of Representatives. GALUSHA A. GKOW, of Pennsylvania, Speaker. EMERSON ETHERIDGE, of Tennessee, Clerk. [Republicans (in Roman), 104; Democrats (in Italirs),^\; Unionists (in small CAPS), 32; vacancies, 2; seceded, 60. Total, 239. * Members of last House.] 2 James E. £'nfir/i.s/(.... .New Haven. 3 *Alfred A. Burnliam.. .Windliam. CALIFORNIA. 1 Aaron A. Sargent Nevada. 2 T.G.Phelps San Mateo. 3 F. F. Low. CONNECTICUT. 1 *Dwight Loorais Rockville. 4 George C lKoorfm#. ..Litchfleld. DELAWARE. 1 George p. Fisher Dover. * Not memhcrs of the XXXVIth Congress. 1863.] CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. 53 ILLINOIS. MISSOURI. 1 *Elihu B. Washburiie. .Galena. ^ 2 Isaac N.Arnold Chicajro. " 3 ,*Owen Lovejov Princeton. 4 ^William KeilogK Canton. 5 Wm\ A. Richardson Quincy. 6 Anthony L. Knapp. 7 * James C. Robinson Marshall. 1 [Vacancy.] 2 James S. Rollins.-... .Columbia. 3 W'lLLiAM A. Hull. 4 Elijah H. Norton Platte City, 5 Thomas L. Price. 6 *John S. Phelps Springfield. 7 *John W. Noell Perry villa. 8 * Philip B. Fouke Belleville. NEW HAMPSHIRE. 9 Wm. J. Allen penton. 1 *Gilman IMarston Exeter. INPIANA. 1 John Law ^ ^, ..Evansville. 2 Edward H. Rollins Concord. 3 *Thomas M. Edwards.. Keene. 2 James Ar~ Cravens Hardinsburg. NEW JERSEY. 3 *Wm. McKee Dann Madison. 1 *John T. Nixon Bridgeton. 4 William JS. ffobnan Aurora. 2 *John L. N. Stratton. . .Mount Holly. 5 George(^W. Julian Centreville. 3 William G. Steele SomerviUe. 6 *Albert G. Porter Indianapolis. 4 George T. Cobb Morristown. 5 Nehemiah Perry Newark. 7 Daniel Vf. Voorhees Terre Haute. 8 Albert S. White Stockwell. 9 *Schavler Colfax South Bend. NEW YORK. 10 William Mitchell Kendallville. 1 Edward H. Smith Smithtown. 11 John P. C. Shanks Jay Court House. 2 Moses F. Udell Brooklvn. 3 Benjamin Wood New York. IOWA. 1 James F. "Wilson Faii-tield. 2 *William Vandever Dubuque. 4 Jniies E. Kerrigan " " 5 William Wall " " 6 Frederick A. Conkling.. " " KANSAS. 7 Elijah Ward " " 1 Martin F. Conway Lawrence. 9, Isaac C.Delaplaine " " 9 Edward Haiglit Westchester. KENTUCKY. 10 *Charles H. Van Wyck.Bloomingburg. 1 Samuel S. Casey. 11 John B. Steele Kingston. 2 Geo. H. Yeatman Hopkinsville. 12 Stephen Baker Poughkeepsie. 3 Henky Grider Bowling Green. 13 *Abraham B. Olin Troy. 4 Aaron Barding Greensburg. 14 Erastus Corning Albany. 5 Chas. a. WiCKLiFFE..Bardstown. 15 *James B. McKean Saratoga Springs. 6 George W. Dunlap. . .Lancaster. 16 William A. Wheeler.. ..Malone. 7 *R0BEKT Malloky La Grange. 17 Socrates N. Sherman.. Ogdensburg. 8 John J. (jRiTTENDEN..Frankrort. 18 Chaimcy Vibbard Schenectady. 9 Wm. H. WADSWoRTH..Mavsville. 19 Richard Franchot Schenectady. 10 John W. Menzies Covington. 20 *Roscoe Conkling Ltica. 21 *R. Holland Duell Cortland Village. MAINE. 22 William E. Lansing.... Chittenango. 1 John ]Sr. Goodwin South Berwick. 23 Ambrose W. Clark Watertown. 2 Charles W. Walton Auburn. 24 *Charles B. Sedgwick. .Syracuse. 3 Samuel C. Fessenden.. Rockland. 25 Theodore M. Pomerov.. Auburn. 4 Anson P. Morrill Readfleld. 26 Jacob P. Chamberlain.. Seneca Falls. 5 John H. Rice Foxcroft. 27 Alexander S.Diven Elmira. 6 Frederick A. Pike Calais. 28 R. B. Van Volkenburg.. Bath. ^ 29 *Alfred Ely Rochester. MARYLAND. 30 *Augustus Frank Warsaw. 31 Burt Van Horn Newfane. 2 *Edwin H. Webster.. Belair. 32 *Elbridge G. Spaulding.Buftalo. 3 CoK. L. L. Leaky Baltimore. 33 *Reuben E. Fenton Frewsburg. 4 Henry May Bal timore. 5 Francis Thomas Frankville. OHIO. (j Charles B. Calvert.. Bladensburg. 1 * George IT. Pendleton. .Q\'Rc\x\ViZ.\x 2 *John A. ( lurlcv Cinciimati. MASSACHUSETTS. 'i*C.L. Vullundi(iham.. Davton. 1 *Thomas D. Eliot New Bedford. 4 * Williain Allen Greenville. 2 *James Butfinton Fall River. 5 *James M. Ashby Toledo. 3 Benjamin V. Thomas.. Boston. '^ Chilton A. White Georgetown. 4 *Alexander H. Rice " 7 Richard A. Harrison. London. 5 Samuel Hooper " 8 Samuel Shcllabarger. . .Springfield. 6 *John B. Allev Lynn. 9 Warren P. Noble Tifiin. 7 *l)aniel W. Gooch Melrose. 10 *Carey A. Trimble Chillicothe. 8 *Charles R. Train Framingham. 11 Valentine B. Horton... Pomerov. 9 Amasa Walker Fitcliburg. 12 *Samuel S. Cox Columbus. 10 *Charles Delano Northampton. 13 Samuel T. Worcester. .Norwalk. 11 *llenry L. Dawes North Adams. 14 *Harrison G. Blake Medina. 15 George II. Nugent Newcomerstown. MICHIGAN. 16 William P. Cutler Constitution. 1 Bradley F. Granger Ann Arbor. 17 .fnnies R. Morris '.Woodtteld. 2 Fernando C. Beaman. .Adrian. 18 *Sidnev Edgcrton Tallmadge. 3 *Francis W. KcUoug. . .(iraiid Rapids. 19 Albert G. Riddle Cleveland. 4 Row. E. Trowbridge... Birmingham. 20 *John Hutchins Warren. 21 *John A. Bingham Cadiz. MINNESOTA. 1 *Cyrus Aldrich Minneapolis. OREGON. 2 *Wllliam Windom Whiona. 1 George K. Shiel Salem. 54 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. PENNSTLVAKIA. 1 "William E. Lehman . .Tliiladelphia. 2 Charles J. lihldle 3 *.l()lin I'. Verree " 4 William D. Kdley " 5 William Morris Davis. .Milestown. 6 *John Hiclvinan West Chestei'. 7 J' hn D. Stiles Coopersburg. 8 Sydenham E. ^ncowa. .Reading. 9 *'fhaddeus Stevens Lancaster. 10 *Jolin W. Killinprcr Lebanon. 11 *.Iames H. Campbell .. Pottsviile. 12 Hendrigk li. Wright. Wilkpsbarre. 13 Philip Johnson Easton. 14 *GaIuslia A. (irow Ailenwood. \h *.Iames T. Hale Bellefonte. l(j Joseph Bailey Newport. 17 *Ed\vard Mcl'herson. . .Gcttvsburg. 1« *8aniupl S. Hlair Hollidaysb irp. 19 *.J(jhn Covode Lnckport Station. 20 Jesse Lazear Wa_vnesburg. 'l\ *.JamesK. Morehead... Pittsburg. 21 *Robert McKnight... .rittsbiirg. 23 John W. Wallace Newcastle. 24 Jobn Patton Curvvensville. 25 *Elijali Babbitt Erie. KHODE ISLAND. 1 George n. Browne... Providence. 2 Wm. p. Sheffield Newport. TENNESSEE. 2 *Samuel C. MAVNARD..Knoxville. 4 Andrew J. Clements. [Vacancies, 8.] VERMONT. 1 *Ezekiel P. "Walton... .Montpelier. 2 *Jiistin S. IMorrill Strafiord. 3 Portus Baxter Derb^* Line. VIRGINIA. 10 William G Brown... Kingwood. 11 .Tac.ob H. Blair I'arkersburg, \l Kellian V. Whalrt .Ceredo. 13 Josepli E. Segar. WISCONSIN. 1 *.Tolm F. Potter East Troy. 2 [Vacancy. 3 3 A. Scott" Sloan Beaver Dam. Delegates from Territories. COLORADO. Hiram P. Bennett Denver City. DAKOTA. John B. S. Todd Fort Randall. NEBRASKA. *Samuel G. Daily Perce.Nemahaco. NEVADA. John C. Cradlebauc/h. .C&rson City. NEW MEXICO. John S. "Watts Santa F6. UTAH. John M. Bernhisel Salt Lake City. WASHINGTON. William H. Wallace. . .Olympia. Federal OflB.eers, California. Name. Thomas Brown. Salary Office. Where at. per annum. . Special Agent San Francisco $5,8i0 D. W. Cheesman Assistant U. S. Treasurer " " .... 4,500 R.H.Waller Pension Agent U. S. A " " ret- James T. Watkins Inspector of Hulls " " 1,500 Charles C. Bemis " Boilers " " 1,500 Robert J. Stevens Superintendent U. S. Branch Mint.. " " 4,500 Conrad "VVeigand Assayer " " 3,000 "Walter L. Uenio Melter and Refiner " " .... 3,000 William Schmolz Coiner " " .... 3,000 [Vacant] Inspector of Customs San Diego 1,000 Oscar Macy " " SanTedro 1,000 Jolin T. Torter. Ira P. Rankin Collector S. M. Swain Inspector S. W Sperry " L. ir.Foote B. ^V. Mudge Appraiser San Francisco. . . John r. Zaiie " " " Wiilard B. Farwell Naval Officer " " John T. McLanc Surveyor " " William Y. I'atch Collector Internal Tax^ 1st District.. " " Caleb T. Fay Assessor Monterey 1,000 San Francisco 6,000 Benicia 1,000 Stockton 1,000 Sacramento 1,000 2,500 2,500 4,500 4,000 Francis B.Murdoch Collector Richard Savage Assfss'r John Sedgwick Collector D. K. Swim As-fssor A. A. Delong.. . ., Collector J. M. Avery Assessor Cliark'.s Maltby ColUctor William A. Eliason Assessor ^d 31 4/A u bth San Jo.s6 Santa Ciuz Tuolumne MokcIumneHill. Sacramento Kevatla Kapa City Santa Rosa * ASa/arifS.— Collectors, 4J per cent, on first .$100 000, and 2} per cent, on the balance ; but in no case to exceed $10,000 per annum. Assessors and Assistant Assessors, $3 to $5 per 1863.] FEDERAL OFFICERS, CALIFORNIA. 55 Salary Kaitie, Office. Where at. per annum. John Hastings Surs;eoii Marine Hospital San Francisco. . . . !??3,000 JohnY. Lind /U^'t" " '• " " ....2,000 Georj^e Davidson Assistant Coast Survey " " .... 1,900 W. E. Greenwell " " " 1,700 A. F. Rodgeis " " " 1,100 Capt. B. F." Sands, U. S. N. Commandirg StPamer . . . .San Francisco. . . . Lieut. G. H. Elliot United States Engineer " " Com. J. M. Watson Inspector Light- House Department . " " .... Edward F. Beale Surx-ej/or- General " " .... 3,000 Charles Watrous Special Post-Office Agent San Francisco. . . . 1,600 J. M. Eddy Kegister, Land District No.l Humboldt 600 William H. Pratt Receiver, " " " " 500 A.J.Snyder Register, " " JN'b. 2 Marysville 600 James Compton Receiver, '* " " " 600 J. M. Ropse Register, " " No. S San Francisco 500 R. H. Waller Receiver, *' " •' " " 500 George Webster Register, " •' iVb. 4 Stockton 500 G.C. Havens .Receiver, ^'^ " " " 500 H. W. Briggs Register, " " No. 5 Visalia 500 George M. Gerrish Receiver, " " " " 500 F. P. Ramirez , Register, " " No. 6 Los Angeles 500 Lewis Suerry Receiver, " " " " '* 500 George M. Hanson Sup. Indian Agent* San Francisco 2,500 J. P.'H. Wentworth " " " " " .... 2,500 I>epariiuent of the Pacific. Brigadier-General George Wright, Commanding. DEPARTMENT STAFF. Ifo. Name. Rank. 1 George Wright Brigadier-General U. S. Volunteers. 2 R. C. Drum Lieut.-Colouel, Adjutant-General. 3.... E. B. Babbitt " " Dept. Quarterm'r-Gen. 4 George H. Ringgold " " Dept. Paymaster-Gen. 6 Hiram Leonard " " Paymaster. 6 P. G. S. Ten Broeck Surgeon Medical Department. 7. ...Robert A. Christian " " " " 8 Samuel Woods Major Paymaster's Department. 9. ...C. J. Sprague " " " 10.... E. W. Eddy " " " 11 . . . R. W. Kirkham Captain Quartermaster's Department 12 John Kellogg " Commissary " 13. ...W. G. Morris " Quartermaster's " 14. . . .Thomas S. Wright 1st Lieut. Sec. Cav., C. V., A. D. C. FORTIFICATIONS OF SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR. Lieut.-Col. R. E. De Russey Corps of Engineers Fort Point. Lieut. George H. Elliot " " - Fort Alcatraz. NAVY YARD, MARE ISLAND. Salary. Capt. Thos. O. Sel fridge Commander Navy Yard Mare Island. Thomas P. Greene Executive & Ordn'ce Officer.. " " Charles Murray Paymaster " " W. S. Bishop Surgeon '' " J.W.Newton Chaplain " " Ricliard Chenery Navy Agent San Francisco.. . $4,000 Calvin Brown. .' Civil Engineer Mare Island 4,000 Melvin Simmons Naval Constructor " . " 2,600 Charles A. Morse Naval Storekeeper " " 2,500 day, but in the States of California and Ore{,'on, and the Territories, SIO and $5 respectiveli'. — Kditok. * The .State is divided into two Districts, a Northern and a Southern. Mokelumne River is the dividing line.— Editor. 56 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. Post-Offices and Postmasters in Calitbrnlu. [Corrected at the San Francisco Post-Office, Januarj' 10th, 1863.] LOCALITY. COUNTY. POSTMASTER. Alameda . . . Alameda . . .A. S. Barber Alamo ContraC'staWm. Carmichael Albany Napa Elij. Brookslaire. Albeville Klamath . . . J. P. Albee Albion Wenelocino . Jas. Town send... Alleghany .... Sierra I. H. Cleete Alvarado Alameda . . .A. J. Lowell Alviso Santa Clara.John Berry AraericanR'chShasta E. Anderson Anaheim Los Angeles. John Fischer Anderson Val.Lake Charles Wintzer. Angels Calaveras ..Geo. Stickle — Antelope Yolo A. W. Dmmigan. Anthony H'se. Nevada Elam Cooke Areata Humboldt . . A. H. IMurdock . . Auburn Placer A. N. Gamble Aurora Mono James Edwards . . A. Kitchie S. B. Burt J. S. Bates P.N. Clark W. F>. Luck J. W. Jones Geo. Fitzgerald.. M. Whelan N. T. Cecly Chas. R. Arthur . J. Dougherty A. B. Webster. . . Martin Knox .... E. S. Buggies ,C. L. Simmerma- cher Wm. Roberts .... Wm. Wagner .John Barry John R. Haufc.... .P. G. Twohy P. C. Munn Bangor Butte Bath Placer Bear Valley . .Mariposa. . . Belmont San Mateo , Belota San Joaquin Benicia Solano Bidwell's Bar.Butte Big Bar Trinity Big Oak Flat. Tuolumne., Bloomfleld ...Sonoma Bodega " Brooklyn Alameda . . Brownsville . .Yuba Brush ("reek .Butte Buckeye Yolo Bucksport Humboldt . Buck's Ranch Plumas Burnett Santa Clara Burnt Ranch. Trinity Burwood SariJoaquin Butte Valley. Butte. Cache Creek Yolo Aug'tus Hoflfhian Callahan'sR'hSiskivou Asa \\ hite CalpcUa Mendocino .T. B. Veeder Campo Seco.. Calaveras ..A. T. Root Camptonville.Yuba A. C. Bearss Canon City, . .Trinity Cedarville El Dorado. .M. R. Newman . . Centerville... Alameda ...C.J. Stevens .... Central HouseButte P. K. Ferral Charleston ...Yolo Charles H. Gray. Chei-okee Butte Edw. A. Pearson. Chico " J. Bidwell Chili Calaveras ..H. A. Hodgdon .. Chinese CampTuolumncC. B. Cutthi Clairsville ...Lake Clarksville . . .El Dorado Clav s Bar Calaveras Clavton ContraC'staSam'l N.Barron. Clipper Mills .Butte E- H. Pratt Cloverdale . . . Sonoma IMathew Wormer Cold Springs .El Dorado. .S. C. Dean Colonia El Dorado.. Robert Chalmers Colorado Mariposa Columbia Tuolumne. .M. B. Fisher Colusa Colusa J. H. Woods CoJidit Marin Copporopolis .Calaveras . J. ]\[. Pike Cosumnes Sacramento Wm. D. Wilson. . Cottage GroveKlamath ...Wm. Elliot Cottonwood. ..Shasta A. B.Jackson ... Crescent Citj-.Del Norte . .H. Johnson Damascus Placer Thos. Moreland. . Danville ContraC'staU. W. Harris J. R. Shaw..:.... David Cummings Wm. Van Gorder LOCALITY. Denver ton . Diamond Sp's, DonPedr'sB'r Doughertj^'s Station Douglas' Citj'. Downieville Drytown . . . Duroc Dutch Flat. COUNTY. Solano El Dorado. Tuolumne . Alameda . . Trinity .... Sierra Amador ... El Dorado. Placer POSTMASTER. .S. K. Nurse .William S. Day.. .Richard Smitli... .William Grandlee .Edw. A. Kelton . .A. J. McKinsey.. .B. F. Richtmever .T. Foster . Chas.B.Plummer Eel River Humboldt ..H. Ropner Eight Mile Corner San Joaquin. W. Moreton El Dorado. ...El Dorado.. Robert Steere Elk Camp ....Klamath .. .H. E. Wright .... Elk Grove Sacramento C. H. Weeks Empire RanchYuba Thomas Mooney. Esmeralda .. Mono Daniel 11. Pine .. Etna Mills Siskiyou James H. Taylor. Eureka Humboldt . .C. H. Heney Fair Play El Dorado Farmington . .San Joaquin. Ferndale Humboldt . . Ferry Point . .Del Norte . . Fiddletown. . .Amador Folsom , Sacramento Forbestown . .Butte Forest Citv... Sierra Forest Hill . . .Placer Forest Home. Amador Forks of Salm- on Klamath . . Form an'sR'chSan Joaquin. Fort Jones . . .Siskiyou Foster's Bar. .Yuba Fourth Cros'g.Calaveras . . Franklin Sacramento Fremont Yolo French CorralNevada French Gulch.Shasta Garrotte Tuolumne . . Georgetown . .El Dorado. . Gibsonville . . . Sieira Gilroj- Santa Clara Globe Ranch .Nevada Good.year'sB'rSicrra Grafton Yolo Grand Island. Colusa Grass Valley .Nevada Green Springs.Tuolumne. (Greenwood . . .El Dorado. , Grizzly Bear House Placer Grizzly Flat. .El Dorado. , Grove City ..Tehama Gualala Mendocino Gwin Merced Peter F. Covert. . L. J. Morron S. L. Shaw Rich. Humphrey's H. Barnhisel W. W. Tresser .. L. P. Smith R. S. Weston R. Parkhurst J. A. Hartcorn... Isaac S. Smith.. . A. B. Carlock.... A. J. Bachelder . William Reddick. H. Schlutius Jonas Spect Chas. J. Pollard. William Krapp .. H. Warnerficld .. Henrv Jacobs.... Patrick Hanley.. .S. A. I'omerov. .. Silas Blodgett ... John Sharp ,W. G. Seely J. H. Goodhue, . . .M. S. Norton .... .E. Brown William Gunn ... E. D. Fosket .. J. O. Forbes Daniel Sill, Jr.. C. D. Robinson , H. Beighle , H'f Moon Bay. San Mateo . Hamilton Butte Haupv Camp Del Norte .. Hay Fork Trinity Haywood Alameda . . . Healdsburg. . .Lake Henly Siaki.you — Hennitage Mendocino . Hicksville Sacramento Hitchcock'sR.El Dorado.. Holden Feny. San Joaquin. Honcut Yuba Iloopa Vallcy.Klamath . . . Honiltos Mariposa. . . Charles Jones . . . James Wagstaff.. H. Doolittle B.,M. George .... Wm. Ha3'wood . . James El Fenno . A. Haserick Jas. W. Stewart. S. B. Segur W. Donnallv J. M. Reese... H. W. Lake... E. G.Hall 1863.] FEDERAL OFFICERS, CALIFORNIA. 57 LOCALITY. COUNTT. Horr's Ranch. Tuolumne. llorsetown ...Shasta HunibugCre'kSiskiyou . . Ilvdesvilie Humboldt. POSTMASTER. .Chas. McDonald. .J. Hansen .Elias Smith IIHnoistown.. Placer 15. Bricknell Indian Dijr'insEl Dorado. .T. Fraser Indian Guich.]Mariposa...G. D. Buffum Indian SpringsNovada H. L. Hatch luskip liutte S. L. Dewey lone City Amador James H. Ferris . Iowa City Placer S.N. Calvin I LOCALITY. COUNTT. ! Mormon Isl'd. Sacramento :Mosquito Calaveras . . jMuuntain K"h. *' ]M()untain Sp'sPlacer JMountainV'i'wSanta Clara, JMountainW'lsNevada MoiMit iuillion Mariposa . . . Mount Eden.. Alameda ... Mount t iphir . '•: ariposa . . Murphy's Calaveras .. POSTMASTER. A. Spinks T. M. Ehiret W. H. Holmes ... O. W. Hoilenbeck ,S. P.Taylor Jac'bVanderleith Geo. W. Hanna .. Fred. Brustgown J. H. Miller Harris Lanj.' Jacinto Colusa.... Jackson . . . Amador . . Jacksonville Jamestown. Janesville . . Jay Hawk. . Jenny JJnd. S.Smith George Freeman. Tuolumne.. G. B. Keyes ..E. P. BrechilL... Shasta Augustus Martin El Dorado.. J. S. Tifton Calaveras . .J. V. Pollard tiohnson'sirh. Sutter A. C Kainey Junction City .Trinity Wm. S. Moore. . . Kelsey's El Dorado.. L. Bomeman Koysville Tulare Wm. L. Kennedy Knight'sFer'ySanJoaqnin.Wm. A. Fisher . . Lafayette ContraC 'staB. Shreve La Grange Stanislaus.. George Buck .... Lakeport Lake W. S. Cook Lake Valley.. El Dorado.. "William Mac .... Lakeville Lake Josiah Bacon.... Lancha Plana. Amador ... J. Schamer LaPorte Sierra John Freeman... Lewiston Trinit3' C. H. Eantzan... Lexington Santa Clara. J. E. Paddock . . . Liberty San Joaquin. William Allport . Lincoln Placer John Barnes Lisbon " G. W. Applegate. Little Lake.. .Mendocino .Hirflm Willelts .. Little York. . .Nevada W. W. Cozzens. . Lockford SanJoaquin.Lutlier Locke Lone star Placer William H. Orr .. Long Bar Yuba J. L. Hall Longville Plumas Adam Miller Los Angeles.. LosAngeles.William G. Still . Lower Lake. .Lake ...H. N. Herrick Lynn's Valley.Tulare J. K. Glenn ...... Magalia Butte .A. C. Buffum.... ]yiaine Prairie Solano Jos. C. Merithew Mariposa Mariposa .. .B. F. Bachman.. Martinez ContraC'staOliver F. James . Marysville Yuba T. J. McCormick Maxwell's C'kMariposa ...Ralph Jones Mayfield Santa Clara. James Olterson. . McCartj'Sville " " Casey Newhouse Meadow Val'y Plumas F. B. Clarke Mendocino ...Mendocino .L. Woodward Merced Falls. Merced Charles Murray. . Maine Prairie. Solano » J. C. Merithew .. Michigan Bar. Sacramento G. B. DeLa Mater MichijianliU'sPIacer F. S. Washeira. .. Miller'sKanc)il?utfe W. Montgomery. Millerton Fresno L. G. Hughes Millville Shasta Henry Anklin Miipitas Santa Clara. F. Crcighton Minersvillc. . .Trinity .. ..F. Bates Mission, San Jose Santa Clara. J. J. Vallojo Mokelumne Citv SanJoaquin S. M. Pai'ker Mokelumne Hill Calaveras . .Hosca M. Cough. Monte LosAngeles.Jno. Thompson. . Jlontcrcj- Monterey ..Simpson Ct)nnor. Montezuma . .Tuolumne. .Wm. F. Colton . . iMoon'sUanch. Tehama N. Merrill Moore's Flat .Nevada A. V. Leonard . , . Napa Napa Natividad IMonterey . Nealsburgh.. . Ilacer Nevada N evada Newton El Dorado. Nicolaus Sutter N'thBloomti'dNevada ... North Branch Calaveras . N'ih Colum'a.Nevada N 'til San Juan " .J. G. Bray ton.... James Stokes .Jlark Buckley... .E. F. Bean .J. G. Burns .T. J. IMcCormick .A. Jacobs .Daniel Latimer.. .Levi A.vres .George'D. Dornia Oakland Alameda ... George M. Yard . Omega Nevada A. C. Heineken.. Onesbo Sacramento A. G. Hitchmun . Onion Valley. Plumas A. E. Minium Ophirville Placer D. Choat Oi-egonllouse.Yuba Peter Rice Orleans Klamath ...J. A. Pearce ...*.. Oro Fino Siskiyou J. Green Oroville Butte I. G. Downer.... Orr's Ranch.. San Joaquin. F. J Orr Ousely'sBar .Yuba J. F. Lawson .... Pacheco ContraC'staH. M.Hale Pacific Humboldt.. A. Berding Patterson Nevada J W. Sultger Pea Vine Butte David W hippie . . Pescadero Santa Cruz. J. N. Besse Petaluina.... Sonoma Geo. B. Williams Petersburg ...Tulare H. A. Rindge Pilot Hill El Dorado.. W^m. K. Creque . Pine Grove... Amndor J. F.Johnson.... Placerville ...El Dorado. .W. H. Rogers Plum Valley .Sierra F. B. Kloecker. . . Poland San Joaquin.Daniel Gillis Port Wine Siena John M. Bennett Poverty Bar. .Calaveras . .J Fitz Simmons. Prairie Yolo Theo. W^eyard . . . Princeton .. Colusa Alnion Lull Punta Arenas. Mendocino .1. G. Morse Putah Solano Wm. Sinclair .... Quincy Plumas John Moore Ealtlesnake ..Placer Red Bluffs.... Shasta , Red Dog Nevada RedwoodCity San Ttlateo , Rcynold'sF'ryCalaveras . . Rich Bar Plumas Rich Gulch... Calaveras .. Richland Sacramento Rio Seco Butte Rio Vista Solano Kock Creek . .Tehama Rockville Solano Rome Sutter Rough&Re'dyMevada D. S. Beach D. C. Lyon W. F. Hcvdlauff. D. W^ Alilrich... Wm. Henderson. J. W. Snyder.... T. S. Bever J. F. Woolley.... A. J. Crane S. R. I'erry J. T. Keefcr I. Gilmore O S. Col grove. .. George Flint Sacramento ..Sacramento George Rowland. Salinas Monterey ..O. H. Bayard.... Sa mon Falls. El Dorado.. R. li. Berry Saisbury Sacramento T. G. Salsbury . . . San Andreas Calaveras . .(ius. liowman... San Antonio. .Monterey .F. Sylvester San Bernard'oSan Benia'oThoinas Dickey . San Buena- ventura S'taBarbara 58 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. LOCALITl. COUKTY. POSTMASTER. San Diego San Diego.. Jaa. W. Hollister. Sand Rock. . . .Butte Sanel Mendocino .W. C. Connor SanFrancisco.SanFranc'o.S. H. Parker San Gabriel ..Los AngelesDavid F. Hall.... San Jose Santa Clara.S. M. Cutler San Juan JMonterej* ..W. S. Thome.... San Leandro. .Alameda . . .Hiram Keeney. . . SanLorenzo.. " .. .J. T. Shiman San L. O'oispo.SanL.Obis'oAlex. Mnrry San Luis Key. San Diego.. Geo. P. Tibbetts. San Mateo.. '..San Mateo .A. G. Oakes San Pablo ContraC'sta(J. E. Wetherbee. San Quentin. .Marin Jas. R. McGarigle SanHafael.... " D. Block Santa BarbaraS'taBarbaraChas. E. Cooke.. Santa Clara . .Santa Clara.S. rienderson Santa Cruz... Santa Cruz.Storer W. Field.. Santa Rosa . . Sonoma B. C. Westfall. . . Sawyer's Bar. Klamath ...Josiah Cave Sciad Valley. .Siskiyou W. B. Reeve Scott's River. "" S. Boice Searsville San Mateo . Wm. Page Sebastopol — Napa B. W. Arnold Secret Ravine. Placer J. S. Agan Sellon'sKanchYuba L. R. Sellon Shasta Shasta T. G. Elliot Shaw's Flat.. Tuolumne.. E. A. Dunlap Sheldon Sacramento J. Korne Sierra Valley. Sierra C. W. Dannals. . . Slippery Ford. El Dorado. .Powell Crosby. . . Smith'sRanchSonoma G. H. Briavel Smithville . Placer C.B.Hubbard... Snelling'sR'h.M creed J. H, Hall Solano Solano Sonoma Sonoma F. Rohrer Sonora Tuolumne.. A. W. Faxon Sequel Santa Cruz.E. Porter Spani.sh Flat .p:i Dorado. .A. Lowbach SpanishRanchPlumas J. S. Harvey Springfield Tuolumne.. T. M. Whiteside . Staple'sRanchSanJoaquin.A. W. Gove St. Helena — Napa Jonathan Bell. . . St. Louis Sierra W. F. Thomas... Stockton SanJoaquin.C. C. Burton Stony Point.. Sonoma Robert Ayres Strawberry Valley Yuba William Yonben. Suisun City ..Solano John Ferrel Sutter Creek .Amador Eben Fifleld LOCALITY. Sweetland's COTJJSTY. .Nevada... POSTMASTER. .C W^. Dannals.. Table Rock... Sierra T. A. McFarland. Taylor'sRan'hPlumas Job. T. Taylor... Tehama Tehama W. G. Chard Telegraph CityCalaveras ..Edward Laughlin Thompson's Flat Butte H. Gelyen Timbuctoo ...Yuba S C. Wessels Todd's Valley.Placer J. M. Miner Tomales Marin Warren Dutton. . Trinidad Klamath . . .B. Nordheimer . . Trinity Trinity A. F. Bilav Trinity Center " Wm . R. McDaniel Tule Tulare T. Harer Ukiah Mendocino .Thos. C.Philbrick Uncle Sam .. .Napa J. A. Leach Upper Clear Lake Lake J. W. Strauss Vacaville Solano E. F. Gillespie... ViiUejo " E. J. Wilson Vallecito Calaveras . . J. D. Gray Viola Sacramento A. R. Mescrve . . . Virginia Placer G. D. Aldrich..., Visalia Tulare J . G. Parker Volcano Amador Peter A. Ciute. . . WalnutCreek.ContraC'staB. R. McDonald . WalnutGi'ove. Sacramento J. W. Shai-p Washington ..Nevada A. F. Mason W^atsonville . .Santa Cruz. Edward Martin. . Weaven'ille . .Trinity L. Wellendorf Western Sacramento West Point. . .Calaveras . .¥. H. Trappeniers WhiskyCreek.Shasta Thomas 1). Yates White Rivei;. .Tulare Joel H Turner . . Windsor Sonoma Marvin Buckland Woodbridge ..SanJoaquin.D. Curt Woodland Yolo F. S. Freeman . . . Woodside San Mateo .M. A. Parkhur.st. Wyandotte... Butte M. S. Wilkerson. Wyatt'sStore.Mariposa . . .Mark Wyatt Yankee Hill. .Butte H. M. Coleman.. Yankee Jim's. Placer William Duck ... Yeomet El Dorado Yolo Yolo Abraham Griffith Yreka Siskiyou (luit H. Pyle Yuba City Sutter Robert Dinsmore RATES OF POSTAGE — DOIvIESTIC. Letters—for each half-ounce, under 3,000 miles, prepaid, three cents; over 3,000 miles, prepaid, ten cents — except to or from the Tacitic Coast to any point East or West of the Rocky Mountains, for which ten cents prepaid is the established rate. All letters must be prepaid by stamps, or inclosed iu stamp-euvelopes, or tliey will not be forwarded. Transient Newspapers, Periodicals^ Circulars, etc — to any part of the United States, not weighing over three ounces, one cent; and one cent for each additional ounce. To be prepaid. Books — piepaid, not weighing over four pounds, one cent per ounce for any dis- tance in the United States under 1.500 miles ; over that distance two cents per ounce — all fractions over the ounce being counted as an additional ounce. Newspa-pers and Periodicals — not exceeding one and one-half ounces in weight, when paid quarterly in advance — daily, per quarter, twenty-two and one-half cents; six times i)er week, nineteen and one-half cents; tri-weeklV, nine and three-quarter cents; semi- weekly, six and one-half cents; Aveekly, three and one-quarter cents; semi-monthly, one and one-half cents; monthlv, three-quarters cent. When weigh- ing over one and one-half pounds, double theserates. When sent out of the State, these rates are doubled. Small newspapers, publislied monthly or oftener, and pamphlets not containing more than sixteen octavo pages, in packages of eight ounces or over, one-half cent Xjer ounce. Weekly newspapers, Avithin the county where published, free. Quarterly payments, in advance, may be uiade either where published or received. 1863.] FEDERAL OFFICERS, CALIFORNIA. 59 Maps, engravings, photographs, books, bound or unbound, and envelopes, in packages not to exceed four pouuns, and cards, blank or printed, blanks, seeds, and cuttings, in packages not to exceed eight ounces — under 1,500 miles, one cent per ounce ; over that distance, two cents. To be prepaid. RATES OF POSTAGE — FOREIGN, The figures following the name of each country, are intended to represent: first, the postage in cents, on letters weighing one-half ounce or under; and second, the postage on single newspapers. North America.— V>rii\s\\ Columbia, 3, 1. Canada, 15, 1. Mexico, 10, 2. Central America — Eastern Slope, 34, 6. Western Slope, 20, 2. Cuba, 20, 2. South America. — Aspinwall, 20, 6. Bolivia, 34, 6. Brazil, 50, 4. Buenos A)'res. 50, 4. Chile, 34, 6. Equador, 34, 6. New Granada, 34, 6. Panama, 20, 6. Para- guay, 33, 4. Peru, 22, 6. Venezuela, 34, 6. £!<>-o;?e.— Austria, 30, 6. Belgium, 26, 2. Corsica, 26, 6. Denmark, 35, 6. France, 30, 2. France, quarter ounce, 15. German States, 30, 6. Great Britain, 29, 2. Greece, 42, 6. Holland, 26, 2. Italv, 42, 6. Norway, 46, 6. Poland, 37, 6. Portu- gal, 42, 4. Prussia, 30, 6. Kome aiid Papal States, 46. Russia, 37, 6. Spain, 26, 2. Sweden, 42, 6. Switzerland, 35, 6. Turkey, 30, 6. Asia. — Arabia, 38, 4. China, 5, 1. Hindostan, 26, 8. Japan, 5, 1. Jerusalem, 26, 2. Smyrna, 40, 6. Syria, 45, 4. ^/>ica— Canary Islands, 45, 6. Cape de Verde Islands, 37, 4. Cape Good Hope, 26, "2. Egypt, 38, 6. Liberia, 33, 4. Tunis, 45, 4. West Coast, 33, 4. East Indies. — Australia, 5, 1. Borneo, 38, 6. Japan, 5, 1. Java, 5, 1. Manila, 5, 1. New Zealand, 5, 1. PhiliiMne Islands, 5, 1. Sandwich Islands, 5, 1. Singapore, 38, 6. Sumatra, 38, 6. On either a letter or packet, of any weight, the whole postage or none at all should be prepaid. If anything less than the whole is prepaid, no account is taken of it, and it is entirely lost to the sender. Newspapers and other printed matter are forwarded to the Eastern States and Europe on the first, eleventh, and twenty -first of each month, by steamer only. OVERLAND MAILS. Great Central Overland Mail. — The Trans-Continental, or Great Salt Lake City Mail; from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Salt Lake, thence through Carson Valley to Placerville. Leaves St. Joseph and Placerville daily, Sundays excepted. Distance, 1.800 miles. Schedule time, only for letters, twenty days. Buttertield & Co., Con- tractors. Sacramento and Portland Mail. — The Sacramento, Portland, and Puget Sound, or Northern Overland Mail ; from Sacramento up the Sacramento Valtey to Shasta, thence via Yreka and Jacksonville to Eugene City, thence down the Willamette Valley to Portland, connecting with a route across Washington Territory to Puget Sound. Leaves Sacramento and Portland daily, Sundays excepted. Distance, 650 miles. Schedule time, eight days. California Stage Company, Contractors. San Francisco and Los Angeles Mail. — The San Francisco, Monterey, Los Angeles, and San Diego Overland Mail ; from San Francisco down the coast through the counties of San Mateo, Santa Clara, Monterey, San Luis Obispo, and Santa Barbara to Los Angeles, connecting with a route to San Diego. Tri-wcekly. Distance from San Francisco to Los Angeles, 450 miles. Schedule time, three and one-half days. McLaughlin & Tuller, Contractors. Circuit Court of Califorula. M. Hall McAllister Judge $6,000 Ogden Hoffman Judge Northern District 5,000 Fletcher M. Haight Judge Southern District 4,000 Henry C. Hyde Clerk and. Commissioner Fees. William H. Chevers Commissioner Fees. Terms of Circuit Court. — Northern District: San Francisco, first Monday in Jan- uary and July. Southern District: Los Angeles, first Monday in March and September. DISTRICT COURT, NORTHERN DISTRICT. Ogden Hoffman . ..^ Judge I William IT. Chevers Clerk William H. Sharp Attorney \ Charles W. Hand Marshal Terms of Northern District Court. — San Francisco, first Monday in June and December. DISTRICT COURT, SOUTHERN DISTRICT. Fletcher M. Haight Judge I John O. Wheeler Clerk B. C. Whiting Attorney \ Henry D. Barrows Marshal 60 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. Internal Tax Oiiicers, California. First i)/5istrict Court*. Alameda — Third Monday in March, July, and November. Amador— Firat Monday in February, June, August, and November. Butte — First Monday in March, July, and November. Calaveras — First Monday in January, April, July, and October. CoZ»sa— Second Monday in January, and first Monday in May and September. Contra C'o.sto— Tuesday after the third Monday in January, Tuesday after the third Monday in May, and Tuesday alter the third Monday in September. Del Norte — First Monday in May, August, and November. El Dorado— ^QconA Monday in February and May, and third Monday in August and November. Fresno— Third Monday in February, June, and October. Humboldt— First Monday in Slarch, June, and September. Klamath — First Monday in April, July, and October. Lake — Second Monday in April and first Monday in December. 1.05 Angeles— Tlnrd Monday in March, July, and November, illarm— First ^Monday in Maich, July, and November. Mariposa — Third Monday in March, July, and November. Mendocino — Third Monday in March, Jvily, and November. Merced— Fomih 3Ionday in January, May, and September. Mono — First JMonday in May and September. Mo7iterey—Si-cou(\ i^ionday in April, August, and December. Napa — First 3Ioiiday in February, .June, and October. Nevada — First Monday in February, April, June, August, October, and December. Placer — Second Monday in January, April, and July, and third Monday in October. Plumas — Second Monday in January, A])ril, July, and October. Sacramento — First Monday in February, April, June, August, October, and Decem- ber. San Bernardino— Third Monday in February, June, and October. San Diego— HfCoiid Monday in January, ilay, and Se))tember. Sfin Pra7i,cisco — First Monday in January, March, May, July, September, and November. 64 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. San Joaquin— First Monday in January, April, Au^uSt, and December. San Luis Obitpo — Second Monday in .January, April, July, and October. San Mateo — Third Monday in February, June, and October. Santa Barbara— Firt^i Jlonday in March, June, September, and December. Santa Clara — First -Monday in January, May, and September. S inta Cruz — Third 3Ionda"y in April, August, and December. Shasta — Second Monday in 3Iarcli, June, and JSovember. Sierra — First Monday in Mai eh, second Monday in May and August, and first Mon- day in November. Siskiyou — Third Monday in Januarj', first Monday in May, and third Monday in December. Solano — Third Monday in April, August, and December. Sonoma — Third Monday in February, June, and October. Stanislaus — First Monday in February, June, and October. Siftter — Second Monday in March, June, September, and December. Tehama — First Monday in February, June, and October. Trinity — Second Monday in April, August, and December. Tul'tre — Fourth Monday in March, July, and November. Tuolumne — First Monday in March, July, and November. YoZo— Third Monday in March, second Monday in August, and third Monday in December. Ywia— Third Monday in January, April, July, and October. State A.ppointees. Kame. Office. Where at. J. D. Whitney State Geologist San Francisco. . Albert Dibblee Filot Commissioner " " J.B.Thomas " " " " A.J.Ellis " " " Charles C.Hall " " " " E.P.Flint " " " " Gardner T. Lawton . . . Port Warden " " Joseph B.Leonard.... " " " " D. J. Staples " " " " C. C Batterman " " " " T. N. Cazneau Commissioner of Emigration " " D. B. Arrowsmith Gager of Liquors " " George Hudson Inspector of Wood " " C.A.Crane Lispeclor of Stainps " " J.W.Cherry " " " " B. B. Tliayer State Assayer " " Pliny Whitney Collector of Fish Licenses " " John G. Murray Land Locating Agent, Humboldt Dist. . Eureka George W Colby " " " Marysville " . .INIarysville Leander Kansom " " "■ San Francisco''' . .San Francisco. [Vacant] " " ^' Visalia Visalia [Vacant] " " '^ Los Angeles Los Angeles ... , W. P. Tilden Physician Insane Asylum Stockton Salary. $6,000 Fees. 5,000 Notaries Public in and for the Various Counties.* [Corrected at the office of the Secretary of State, Dec. 22, 1862.] ALAMEDA— 5. Date Com'n. Isamc. Eesidence. May 1, '62. .A. Johnson. .Miss. San Jos6 " " ..Sam'l W. Levy.. .Brooklyn " " . .BcnJ. Williams ...Alvarado " " . .G. Fleming, Sr. San J>candro " •' . .Benj. F. Ferris Oakland AMADOR— 8. May 1, '62. .N. C. Briggs .Tackson " " . .Milo 11. Turner.. .lone City Date Com'n. Name. Residence. May 31, '62. .Horr'n Wood. .Sutter Creek " " . . H . E. Babcock. . . . Dry town June 10, '62. .C. English.. .Lancha Plana BUn^E— 13. May 23. '62. .C. F. Lott... . : Oroville " 31, '62. .Chas. L. Pond .Chico " . . S. W. W. Coughey..OrovilIc June 10, '62. .Simon Bos-enbaHm. " " 14, '62. . Jas. G. Whitelaw. .Cherokee * Term of office two years. 1863. NOTARIES PUBLIC. 65 Date Com'n. Name. Kesidence. July 3, '62. .John P. Leonard.. Dogtown " 17, '62. .Geo. T. Shaw. .Forbestown Nov. 24, '62. .J. W. Snook Chico CALAVERAS— 13. May 1, '62. .P. V' chiibner Angels " 15, '62. ' .,onipson..Mok'ne Hill " 23, '*• . VV. Cornwall. .S. Andreas ' . .Isaac Aver Murphy's June 10, '62. .Edward Burrows " " 23. '62. . S. W. Brockway..Mok. Hill Oct. 18, '62..J.J. Stoddard.Copperopolis " 25, '62. .T. K. Wilson. .Mok'ne Hill Dec. 2, '62. . Wm. A. Lewis,San Andreas " 6, '62. .Allen Taylor VaUecito COLUSA— 5. May 1, '62. . James B. Laing Colusa '• 23, '62. .Beuj. B. Hauce,Priucetown " .. C.J. Dieflendorir,G'd Island CONTRA COSTA— 5. May 1, '62. . Geo. F. McCoy Antioch " " . . C. E. Wetmore Pacheco " 23, '62. . A. T. Dyer San Pablo Oct. 18, '62. .Wm. Girvan Pacheco Nov. 18, '62. . Wm. K. Leavitt. .Martinez DEL NORTE— 5. May 1, '62. .F. Knox Crescent City EL DORADO— 13. May 1, '62. .G.J.Carpenter,Georgetown " ..B. Smith Uniontown " . . G. W. Stout,Up. Placerville " . .M. K. Shearer.. .Placerville 23, '62. .H. C. Sloss 31, '62.. E. B. Carson. ... " June 10, '62. .J. G. McCallum. " 14, '62. .Geo. A. Douglas... .Coloma July 17, '62. . G. Blanchard. . . .El Dorado Oct. 25, '62. .B. P. Rankin. . . .Placerville FRESNO— 5. May 23, '62. .E. C. Wiuchell... .Millerton HUMBOLDT— 5. May 1, '62. .D. W. Nixon Eureka " " . . Byron Deming Areata KLAMATH— 5. None. LAKE-5. None. LOS ANGELES— 8. May 1, '62..R. Emerson. . .Los Angeles •' 23, '62. .F. W. Kuolp Anaheim June 10, '62. .Wm. G. Still. .Los Angeles " 23, '62..A. B. Havward " Oct. 25, '62..Jas. H. Lander " " " . .Chris. Learning. .. .Soledad Dec. 6, '62. .H. S. Aliamson..N. S. Pedro MARIN— 5. May 23, '62. .E. H. Pomroy.. .San Rafael MARIPOSA— 8. May 1, '62. .Geo. S. Miller Mariposa "■ " ..Wm. B.Smith. .Coulterville Date Com'n. Name. Residence. May 1, '62.. J. G.Rice Princeton " " ..R. McCoffley... Bear Valley MENDOCINO— 5. May 30, '62. .J. J. Cloud June 12, '62. .R. McGarvey.. .Ukiah City July 17, '62. .1. P. Smith MERCED— 5. Oct. 25, '62. .John C. Breon... .Snelling's MONO— 5. May 1, '62. .D. H. Haskell Aurora " " ..Edw. J. Mathews... " June 19, '62. .W. C. Meredith Mono " " ..F. K. Becktell Aurora July 23, '62. . Edwin A. Sherman . " MONTEREY— 5. May 1, '62. .Thomas W. Day. .Monterey " ..W. E. Lovett " 10, '62. .Walter S. Thorne,San Juan " '• ..J.D.Callahan Monterey July 23, '62. . O. H. Bogart Salinas NAPA— 8. May 1, '62.. Louis Bruck Napa " " . . Wm. A. Haskins.St. Helena " 23, '62. . G. W. Fowle Napa " ..Wm. J. Walker " June 26, '62. .B. W. Arnold.. .Sebastopol " " . . A. A. Hunnewell.Napa City Oct. 25, '62. . G. M. Marshall.. . " ..T. J. De Woody.. NEVADA— 13. May 1, '62. .John CaldM ell,Moore's Flat " ..O. P. Stidger. .N. San Juan " 15, '62. .L. R. Sowers.. Grass Valley " 23, '62.. E. W. Roberts " " ..A.C. Niles Nevada " ..P. P. Hawley " " . .E. Ballengar Red Dog " 29, '62. .A. L. Greelv. .N. San Juan June 10, '62. .J. J. Caldwell Nevada " " . .J. B. Johnson. N. San Juan Oct. 25, '62.. L. W. Williams.... Nevada PLACER— 10. May 1, '62. . D. A. Ricc,Rattle Snake Bar " 23, '62. .A. B. Scott Forest Hill " " ..R.C.Poland Auburn " " . .Chas. B. Higgins. . .Lincoln " " . .Wm. Core\-..Michigan Bluff" " 1, '62. . G . G . Webster. . Forest Hill June20, '62. .A. G. Read. .Todd's Vallev July 3, '62. .P. H. Sibley Iowa Hill " 17, '62. .W. D. Lawrence.. " " 23, '62. . R. R. Patten Auburn PLUMAS— 5. May 23, '62. .John S. Ward.. Honey Lake " " . . John R. Buckbee.. .Quincy " " ..A. F. Blood. .Indian Vallev July 3, '62. .J. J. L. Peel Quincy SACRAMENTO— 10. May 1, '62. .Samuel Cross Sac. City " " . .Francis McConnell " 66 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. Date Com'n. Name. Residence. May 1, '62. .A. K. Grim Sac. City " ..Wm. G. English.. " " ..A. A. H. Tuttle... " " . .Prescott Robiuson " " ..J. G. Hyer " ..Wm. H. Beatty... " 30, '62.. C. G. W. French... FoJsom Dec. 19, '62. .Julius WetzIar,Sacrameiito SAN BERNARDIXO— 5. May 23, '62..A. A,M. Jackson..S.Bern'o SAN DIEGO— 5. May 23, '62. .Jos. Hooper Fort Yuma " 30, '62. . E. W. Morse San Diego SAN FRANCISCO— 20. May 1, '62. . H. Dreschfeld. . S.Francisco " ..Thos. B. Merry " . . Henry Haight. . " . .E. V. Joice " . .Chas. T. Galan. " ..W. C. Parker.. " .. Alfred Barstow " ..P. B. Cornwall. " . .George T.Knox " ..F. J. Thibault.. 26, '62.. Chas. W. Cook. " . .F. A. Hassey.. . " ..W.O.Andrews " ..Otis V. Sawyer. " . .Joseph Grant. . " ..R. H. Sinton... " ..W.W.Wiggins " ..T.D.Mathewson " ..A.G.Randall.. Oct. 3, '62 . . E. P. Peckham. SAN JOAQUIN— 10. May 1, '62. .F. C. Andrews... .Stockton " " . .Lewis M. Cutting. " " " ..A.G.Brown " " 21, '62. .David Higgins Liberty " 20, '62 .Herm. Doyle.. Woodbridge " 23, '62. .John C. Reid Stockton " " . .Joseph Holden " " " ..Reuben A7. Brush. " " ..H. B. Underbill. .. " Nov. 20, '62. .A. G. Ainsworth.. " SAN LUIS OBISPO— 5. May 30, '62. .W.Murray.. .S- Luis Obispo June 12, '62. .P.A.Forrester " " SAN MATEO— 5. May 1, '62. . H. A. Scoticld.. Redwood C. " " ..P.W. Lathrop " " " " ..A.S. Easton — San Mateo July 17, '62..J. Johnson. .Half Moon Bay SANTA BARBARA— 5. June 26, '62. .T. Sprague. .Santa Barbara SANTA CLARA— 8. May 1, '62. . F. E. Silencer San Jose " 23, '62. . David lluber Gilroy " 30, '62. .Tyler Beach San Jose Junc21, '62. .John W. Owen... , " " " ..Chas. N. Seuter... " Date Com'n. Name. Residence. July 3, '62.. R. Hutchinson Alviso Oct. 23, '62. .Geo. M. Yoell San Jose Dec. 6, '62. .John Erkron.. .Santa Clara SANTA CRUZ— 5. May 1, '62. .Edw. Martin... .Santa Cruz " 23, '62. .A. W. Blair. . . .Watsonville Dec. 6, '62. .E. L. Williams.. Santa Cruz SHASTA— 5. June 12, '62. .James Keen Shasta SIERRA— 13. May 1, '62. .S. B. Davidson, Downieville " " . Martin Clute. .. .Alleghany " . . J. AV. Downer St. Louis " " ..A.Walker Gibsonville " 23, '62. .J. P. Stevens. .Brandy City " " . .Jerome T. Totten.. .Eureka " " ..John Gale Fore.-t City " 31, '62. .T. H. Merry... .Downieville June 10, '62. .G. E.Tallmadge " " . .0. S. Burnham,Morristown " 16, '62. . H. B. Holland. ... La Porte July 3, '62. .S. C. Johnson.. .Port Wine Oct. 23, '62. .Garland Harris,DowuieviIie SISKIYOU— 5. May 1, '62. . Homer B. Warren. . . Yreka June 11, '62. .Jonathan Green.. Oro Fino " 16, '62. .L. W. Ketchum Yreka " 23, '62..S.M. Farren " July 17, '62.. L. S.Wilson " Aug.ll, '62. .E. H.Hall " SOLANO— 6. May 1, '62. .C. W. Chondlier. . . .Vallejo " " ..H. W. Dwver " 23, '62. .Geo. H. Riddell. . . .Benicia " 24, '62..Jas. M. Sidwell. .Rio Vista June 2, '62. . E. E. Hathaway. Suisun City Oct. 18, '62. .W. S. Wells Fairfield SONOMA— 8. May 1, '62. .D. D. Carder Petaluma " " ..F. D. Colton " " " . . J. W. Baithache,SantaRosa " " ..G. L. Wratten Sonoma " ..Wm. D. Bliss. ...Petaluma June23, '62. .L. A. Norton.. Healdsburgh July 17, '62. .O. T. Baldwin. .Santa Rosa Oct. 23, '62. .J. G.Wickersham,Petaluma STANISLAUS— 5. 3Iay 1, '62. .A. Shell. . . .Knight's Ferry " 22, '62. .P. B. Nagle ."^La Grange SUTTER— 5. May 23, '62. .Robt. Dinsmorc.Yuba City July 3, '62. .James Hart Nicolaus TEITAMA— 5.. May 1, '62. . L. W. Elliott. . . .Red Bluffs " 23, '62. .M. H.Myiick.... TRINITY— .5. 3Iay 23, '62. .M.W.Personeth, Douglas C. " " . .H. J. Howe Weaverville June 11, '62. .Rudolph Boch.. " 1863.] MILITARY OF THE STATE. 67 TULAEE-5. Date Com'n. Name. Residence. May 26, '62. . A. J. Atwill Visalia June 17, '62. .S. C. Brown " " 23, '62. .Frank H. Skinner.. . " Oct. 18, '62. . Etlw. McKinley " " 31, '62. .Jos. Perkins. .Russ District TUOLUMNE— 13. May 1, '62. .J. M. Cavis Columbia " " . .H. (ji. Crane Shaw's Flat " 23, '62. .Chas. F. Dodge Souora " ..H. B. McNeill " " " ..C.H.St. John, Big Oak Flat " 24, '62. .John. M. Stone Sonora " 31, '62.. J. D. Redmond " JunelO, '62. .A. B. Preston. .Jamestown " 16, '62 .A. Halsev... -Chinese Camp " 19, '62. .E. E. Wliite Columbia " . . Hugh G. Piatt Sonora YOLO— 5. Date Com'n Name. Residence. May 30, '62. .John J. Deming,Woodland June 11, '62. .E. E. Taylor.. .Washington Nov. 8, '62. .Isaac Davis " 22, '62. .H. W. Wade Buckeye Dec. 6, '62.. C.F.Reed, Knight's Landing YUBA— 10. May 1, '62. .John H. Krause..MarvsvilIe " 21, '62. . W. B. Latham, Jr '' " '• . .Chas.M. Gorham " " 23, '62.. S. C. Tompkins.. " " " . .George May. .Camptonville " 30, '62. . Henry Barnett . . Mary sville " 31, '62.. E. P. Sine " ..S. P. Semper " JunelO, '62. .O. R. Leonard " Oct. 25, '62. .J.J. Haskius Military of the State. The organized and enrolled Militia of the State is organized into one division and six brigades, as follows : First Brigade. — The counties of San Diego, Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Monterey. Second Brigade. — Santa Cruz, Santa Clara, San Mateo, San Francisco, Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Sonoma, Solano, Napa, and Lake. Third Brigade. — San Joaquin, Mariposa, Tuolumne, Fresno, Stanislaus, Calaveras, Merced, Mono, Buena Vista, and Tulare. Fourth Brigade. — Sacramento, Yolo, Sutter, El Dorado, Amador, Placer, Nevada, Yuba, and Sierra. Fifth Brigade. — Butte, Plumas, Colusa, Tehama, Shasta, and Siskiyou. Sixth Brigade. — Mendocino, Humboldt, Trinity, Del Norte, and Klamath. OFFICERS. His Excellency Governor Leland Stanford, Commander-in-Chief. Field and Staff. — Leland Stanford, Commander-in-Chief; Wm. C. Kibbe, Adjutant- General; Lucius H. Allen, Major-General; R. Pacheco, Brigadier-General First Brigade: J. S. Ellis, Brigadier-General Second Brigade; A. M. Dobbie, Brigadier- General Third Brigade; James Collins, Brigadier-General Fourth Brigade; Thomas J. Butler, Brigadier-General Fifth Brigade; James Hanna, Bvigadiei-Generai Si.vth Brigade; A. P Stanford, C. A Crane, H A. Sheldon, D. W. Wclty, Colonels on staff of Commander-in-Chief; Ambrose E. Hooker, James F. Kennedy, Dewitt C. Thompson, S. O Houghton, J. H. Stearns, A. H. Hou.^ton, H. M. Giay, D. Nor- cross, A.W. Von Schmidt, Robert Simson, and J. W. Brumagim, Lieutenant-Colonels on staff of Mnjor-General L. H. Allen; Theo. A. Mudgc and Samuel P. Middleton, Majors on staff of Major-General L. H. Allen. First Brigade — Wm. P. Reynolds, Jose Antonio Jimono, Alfred Robinson, Geo. T. Barker, Ramon Hill, Jacob P. Leese, Mariano Malarin, Wm. H. Lei^hton, and Juan Ignacio Cot, Majors on statf of Brigadier-General R. Pacheco; Charles W. Dana, Captain on staff of Brigadier-General R. Pacheco. Second Brigade. — Samuel C. Ellis, John Hill, Henry Hasbach, John Newton, Jr., Samuel R. Gerry, George W. Smiley, Charles S. Erginbrodt, Wm. Harney, and John A. (Jiark, Majors on staff of Brigadier-General J. S. Eilis; John T. Hill, Cap- tain on .staff of Brigadier-General J. S. Ellis. Third Brigade. — Wm. A, Davies, Edwin A. Sherman, Thomas J. Blatteson, II B. McNeil, Wm. B. Jones, John Sedgwick, George C. Drew, G. R. Choate, and John C. Scribner, Majors on stall' of Brfgadier-General A. M. Dobbie; J. A. Smith, Cap- tain on stalf of Brigadier-General A. M. Dobbie. Fourth Brigade. — J. M. Hunter, Major on staff of Brigadier-General James Collins; Reuben Leach, Captain on staff of Brigadier-General James Collins. 68 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. o ■ s ■ • ,.; Id ^ P :_2 ^.S"^ :p s- - «^ .. ej OS V^ng-^'-s^ S > SO.2 I S "^ 22 h-^ tf &ii -j^itiS^* La -^r-i'-S^HH ajl-l ^3^ g^ 1 1-5 U Q 1-5 O i-s i-D O i-s 1-5 1^; ; Wo-g :h : >>3 • . • .^ • . o ■ C ^ - C H S OS'S O ^'-si-s'-sOl? a ^ : S N o ^ >-, >>./J ^aiH >-': ■^^ e - = " & C OS rt c '^ '^f '^ - J; aj . O * 03 a . a: .S I- 3 o £ o y-> . . c • • aj o g : C a SB OS . PQ'-s ^ c 03^ . . . m . 0) cs . -co O O «P5 g2 22 0-03 ^ -g §i^".? I = I S ill- |-3 S? d ll sIj^s^.I i £ i^ll :^|| ^ 2_09,-5 c cc o • > ?? 3 030^ c3 I . o . . H5MO_«C ■'§5^-5 O" a3c5 ^^§^^ I .5acc c ^03"*^ c3^ . :5 S rp42 "W o ■^ x* ~ li S . ® ■; 2-( ^ 'S -/ ►r' P5£'«'^ „ h3w^^ I St^ ia 0&; «fe;S(S s^ d«Q^ :c3'2 • 00 (-Jaa:^i-5i-5^faar£-ii-iOi-^i-^Q>,i-^oacg>^ 0:g £05 05 S 5 ^f^B^'^^ • 03 . :^M -< c3 fc(0 CO C 3 0) o -.' ; >> t« «= K • CS fci o . c— I 3?* •'-'7, ^H50^JW o tc £ o — . • -hi. • i: :t^ :£ • t»- • • -L*- • .OO .—> ■5| >aC&<>T5g*a;i-5>-5>-5C0O £o :^H^.£ 2co • 5 O E cj.- ^Q ^5 . CO OS rC • c3 - ;«;- = 3 S C P fcd£tt: '^ O 2, S ^ ■■- ►■ •Z. ^^ >» ,^1— iii o3oi-i£^"'^* ■ o S ^ ■ " 2o O 4> P o3 5 ^ -S 1^ 03 43^ •K^.': a: O J; £ a '^ o) • • aii o K a. --1 >-^ 5"^ i^'>T*r'^ = 5-MdB -l^sS^-^^Sa 5;aM = . O >5 Ol > -So:' ' 03 = > • a ^^w 03 '^ 0t^»OlOOiO<^»C*C^OO ic 5^ ■<* 05 •— I ^ Tt> ' f-l •COC-T-H 0^ r-1 •^ r-l (M t-l p rH01C4.-l •000 --^ • --7! -^ S * ^ ^ ^ c ■ —' • Co-:rt.Sao3>-i^^^ Oo---t.a 1863.] POPULATION. 69 Population of the United States from 1790 to 1860. States. 1T90. 1800. 1810. 1830. 127,901 1830. 1840. 1850. I860. Alabama .... 309,527 590,756 771,623 964,201 Arkansas • * • ■ .... 14,273 30,388 97,574 209,897! 435,450 California ... 92,597! *379,994 Connecticut. 238,i41 251,002 262,042 275,202 297,675 309,978 370,792 i 460,147 Delaware . . . 59,096 64,273 72,674 72,749 76,748 78,085 91,532^ 112,216 Florida 34,730 54,477 87,445' 140,425 Georgia 82,548 162.ifrl 252,433 340,987 516.823 691,392 906,185 1,057,286 Illinois 12.282 55,211 157,445 476,183 851,470 1,711,951 Indiana .... 4,875 24,520 147.178 343,031 685,866 988,416 1,350,428 Iowa .... • • . ■ 43,112 192,214, 674,913 Kansas 107,206 Kentucky . . . 73,077 220,955 406,511 564,317 687,917 779,828 982,405 1,155,684 Louisiana ... 76,.556 153,4(17 215,739 352,411 517,762 708,002 Maine 9(3,540 151,719 228,705 298,335 399,455 501,793 583,169 628,279 Maryland . . . 319,728 341,548 380,546 407,350 447,040 470,019 583.034 687,049 Massachus'ts 378,717 423,245 472,040 523,287 610,408 737,699 994,514 1,231,066 Michigan 4,762 8,896 31,639 212,267 397,654 749 113 Minnesota... 172,123 Mississippi . . . . • > 8,850 40,352 75.448 136,621 375,651 606,526 791,305 Missouri 20,845 (J6,586 140.455 383,702 682.044 1,182,012 X. Hampsh'e 141,899 183.762 214,360 244,161 269,328 284,574 317,976 326,073 New Jersey . 184,139 211,949 245,555 277,575 320.823 373,306 489,555 672,035 New York... 340,120 586,756 959,049 1,372,812 1,918,608 2,428,921 3,097,394 3,880,735 N. Carolina . 393,751 478,103 555,500 638,829 737,987 753,419 8(59,039 992,622 Ohio .... 45,365 230,760 581,434 937,903 1,519,467 1,980,329 2,339,511 Oregon 52,465 Peunsvlva'a. 434,373 602,361 810,691 1,049,458 1,348,233 1,724,033 2,311,786 2,906,115 Ehode Island 69,110 69,110 77,031 83,059 97,199 108,830 147,545 174,620 S. Carolina.. 249,073 345,.591 415,115 502,741 581,185 594,398 668.507 703,708 Tennessee... 35,791 105,602 261,727 422,813 681,904 829,210 1.002,717 1,109,801 Texas 212,f.92 604,215 Vermont 85,416 154,465 217,713 235,704 280,652 291,948 314,120 315,097 Virginia 748,308 880,200 974,622 1,065,379 1,211,405 1,239,797 1,421,661 1,596,318 Wisconsin... .... 30,946 305,391 775,881 Dist.Co'mbia 14,093 24,023 33.039 39,834 43,712 51,687 Persons onU. S. Ves.War > . • • 5,318 6,100 Territories . . .... 9,638,131 ... .... 92,298 t295,275 Totals . . . 3,929,827 5,305,925 7,239,814 12,866,020 17,069,453 23,191,876 31,443,322 Population of Oreat Britain, 1861. The census was takeu ou the 8th of April, and on tliat day the population of England and "Wales, and of the islands in the British seas, was 20,205,504. It Avas estimated that the portion of the army, navy, and merchant seamen out of the couu- tiy belonging to England and Wales, not enumerated, was 162,021. The actual increase of the population in these divisions of the kingdom since 1851, was 2.169,576 — about 12 per cent. The islands in the British seas had a population of 143,779. In respect to the sexes, there were 9,825,246 males, and 10,380,258 females, showing an excess of 555,012 females. The number of inhabited houses enumerated was 3,745,463, of uninhabited 153,494, total 8,898,957; being an increase of 467,424 since 1851. This gives 5'33 inmates for each inliabited house. In eleven districts there was an excess of registered births over registered deatlis of 2,260,576, and in the same districts there was an ascertained increase of 2,134,116 persons. The census of Scotland, taken on the same day, e.xhibits a total population of 3,061,251, of whom 1,446,982 were males, and 1,614.269 females. Tliere were 679,025 separate families, and 393,289 inhabited houses. The number of children attending school between the ages of five and fifteen was 456,699. The increase in the whole population since 1851 was 172,509, or a trifle over 6 per cent. The females outnum- bered tlie males in Scotland by 1(57,287. In the returns for Scotland a list of seventy-six cities and towns is given, contain- ing 1,244,578 inhabitants. Whether this comprises the entire urban, as distinguished from the rural population, does not ai)pear; but such is probably the I'act, since a lew of the places named are mere villages or hamlets of less thaii 50O inhabitants. * Indians, 14,555; total population, 379,994. t Of this number 13,104 are Indians. STATE ALMANAC. [1863. Slaves in the IJnited States from 1790 to 1860. SXATtS. I'790.[l800. 1810. 1830. 1830 1840. i8.';o.* I860 Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut Delaware Florida Georj-'ia "2',759 8,887 29',264 "li'830 l"0'3",63S ■"'158 11.4J3 21.324 100,.5V2 " 3',737 95i 107,094 3,417 ■""l7 293,427 "'9.51 6,153 '5'9',404 ""i35 40,343 l'0'5,635 ' 3,489 "" 8 12,422 20M3 133,296 ' 'l',706 381 146,151 13,584 345,796 ' '3,244 '"310 4,177 l'05,218 1(^8 237 '8b",551 34,660 l'l"l"502 "'"24 17,088 3,«11 10,851 15,017 168,824 "■79.=^ 108 196,365 44.535 3"92,5I8 ' 5,393 1,191,364 41,879 1,617 ""97 4,509 l'49,656 917 ISO 12'6",732 69,064 l'07,397 32.814 10,222 '7,5.57 10,08> 205,017 ""211 48 258,475 80,107 4'2V,i53 ' 6,377 1,. 538,038 117.549 4,576 """25 3,292 15,.501 217,531 747 3 l'65,'213 109,588 102,994 32 65,659 25,091 3 2,254 75 245,601 6 403 17 315,401 141,603 469,757 "6,119 2,009,043 2.53,.' 32 19,935 """17 2,605 25.717 280,944 331 3 16 l'82,258 168,452 '8"9',737 1"h"5'211 58,240 1 674 4 245,817 3 64 5 327,038 183,059 449,087 11 4,694 2,487,455 342,844 47,100 * 2,290 ,39.3 iO 381,682 2'lb'981 244,809 '90,368 309,878 8?, 422 "t236 288,548 384,984 239,45H 58,161 472,528 ' 3,687 435,0F0 111,115 ' 'l',798 61,7-15 462,198 Illinois Indiana ■ Kansas 2 Kentucky Louisiana IMaine 225,483 331,726 JMaryland ]\la«sachusetts. .. JMichifzau ]\ ississippi Missouri 87,189 4"3"6",631 114,931 Kcw Hampshire . >.'ew Jersey New York North Carolina . . Ohio I'ennsylvania Rliode" Island South Carolina.. Tennessee Texas ""I8 3'3'r,659 4"02',406 275,719 I82,.i66 Vermont Virj;inia 490,865 Wisconsin Dist. of Columbia Nebraska an d Utah Territori's ' 3,ie5 34 Totals 697,897 893,041 3,204,287 3,«53,760 Population of Great Britain — Continued. The number of inhabited houses in these cities and to^vns was 89,520, showing? 30"90 inmates to each house. The number of separate families is stated to be 286,585, giving 4 28 individuals to each family Edinburg, tiie capital, contains 9,820 inliab- ited nouses, and a pojiulation of 168,000; each house, therefore, contains 1712 inhabitants. Glasgow is the principal commercial city. Its population is 394.857, and it has 13,873 houses which are inhabited, showing that each house accommodates 28'45 persons. JiiELAKD.— It was found that on the 8tli of April, 1861, Ireland contained 5,764,543 inhabitants, of whom 2,804,981 were males, and 2,959,582 lemaies The decrease of the wliole population from 1851, as shown by this return, was 787,842, being at the rate of 1202 per cent, during the ten vears. In 1841 the population of Ireland was 8,175,124, and in 1851, 6,552.385. The falling off during that decade was 1,622,739, or 19'85 per cent. The only localities in which an increase of population wr.s shown by the la.st census, were Dublin and the towns cf Carrickfergus and Belfast, where there is a gain of 1888 jjcr cent, on the returns of 1851. In explanation of the gen- eral decrea.«e of population in Ireland, it is stated that of 2,249.255 emigrants leaving the ports of the United Kingdom from the 31st of March, 1851, to the 8th of April. 1861, 1,230,988 were Irish, ol whom 1,174,179 persons were set down as permanent emigrants. As to religion, the Irish people are divided as follows: 4,490,583 are Roman Cath- olics, 678,661 belong to the established Church of England, and 586,563 are Protestant Dissenters. The last-named class includes 528,992 Tresbyteriaus, and 44,532 Meth- odists. The total number of inhabited houses in Ireland in 1861 was 993.233; in 1851, 1,040,223; and in 1841, 1,328,839. 'i'his shows a falling off corre.38 Tuolumne. . 16.229 4,716 13,668 Yolo Yuba 208 879 Totals... 239,856 98,149 338.005 28271 1259 4086 8269 ()286, 14.555 22,261 23.130 379,994 Note —Included in white population, in the last twenty counties, excepting San Diego, there are 3,007 Indians, 28 half-breeds, and 11,779 Chinese. Population of Great Britain — Continued. at the rate of 21'27 per cent., and the decrease .Miice 1851 was 508 per cent. It was found that there wcie 114 families in each lious-e. The number of families returned was 1,129,218, showing a decreii.^'e of 75,101, or 624 per cent, on the returns for 1851. The decrease from 1841 to 1851 Avas 268,468 families, beinof at the rate of 1823 per cent.: (tlie average number of persons to a family iu 1861 was 510; in 1851, 544 ; in 1841, 554;) icsults showing a gradual tliinning out of the households, attributable to cmigratiou and tjie other causes leading to a decline in the population From these statements it will be perceived that the people of Great Britain and Ireland but little exceeds twenty-nine millions, and that tlie pojjulation of the United States has not only, for the lirst time, reached that of the mother country, but has run beyond her near two and a half millions of jjeople. * The number of Chinese in San Francisco, as set forth by the Census of 1860. as published in this State, is 2,616. This is without doubt included with the white population in this table.— Editor. 72 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. Table Shotoing the Value of Real and Personal Propery, Improved and Unim- proved Lands, Farms, and Live Stock, of the United States, in 1860. [Compiled from the Federal Census.] True value Real; Lands Lands Cash States. and Tersonalj Improved— Unimproved Value of Property. Acres. Acres. Farms. Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut .... Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts . . Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri New Hampshire ]Vew Jersey Z^ew York Korth Carolina. Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania. . . Khode Island. . . . South Carolina. . Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia Wisconsin Total States TERRITORIES. Columbia, Dis. of. Dakota Kcbraska New Mexico Utah Wasliingtou Tot'l Territories Aggregate $16,159,616,068 $495,237,0781 219,256.4731 207,874;613' 444,274.1141 46,242,181 j 73,101,500 645394,237 871,800,282 528,835,3J1 247,338,265 31.327,8951 666;043,112! 602,118,568; 190,211,600 370,919,944 815,237,433 257,163,983 52,294,413 607,324,911 501,214,398 156,310,860 467,918,324 1,843,338,517 358,739,399 1,193,898,422 28,930,637 1,416,501,818 135,337,588 548,138,754 493,903,892 365.200:614 122477,170 793,249,681 273,671,668 6,462,9871 1,933,036 2,4.30,882 1,830,808 637,065 676,4(54 8,062,758 13,251,473 8,161,717 3,780,253 372,835 7,644,217 2,734,901 2,677,216 8,002,269 2,155,512 3,419,8611 554,397 i 5,150,008! 6,246,871 2,367,039 1,944,445 14,376,397 6,517,284 12,665,587 895,375 10,463,306 329,884 4,572,060 6,897,974 2,649,207 2,758,443 11,435,954 3,746,036 12,687,913 7,609,938 6,533,858; 673,457; 367,230; 2,273,008: 18,587,732' 7,993,557; 8,154,059; 5,649,1361 1,284,626; 11,519,059; 6,765,879; 3,023.539! 1,833,306 i 1,183,212 3,511,581 2,222,734 11,703,556 13,737,938 1,377,5911 1,039,086! 6,616,553! 17,245,685; 8,075,551! 5,316,817 6,548,847 189,814! 11,623,860 13,457,960 20,486,990 1,402,396 19,578,946 4,153,134 Value of Live Stock. ^172,176,168 91,673,403 46,571,994 90,830,005 31,426,357 16,371,684 157,072.803 432,531,072 344,902,7761 118,741,405; 11,394,184; 291.496,955' 315,565,4211 78,690,7251 145,973;6771 123,255,948; 163,279,0871 19,070,7371 186,866,9141 230,632,126' 69,689,761 180,250,338; 803,343,593 143,301,065 666,564,171 14,765,355 662,050,707 19,385,573 139,652.508 272,555,054 104,007,689 91,511,673 371,696,211 131,117.082 $43,061,805 22,040,211 36,601,154 11,311,079 3,144,706 5,480,789 38,372,734 73,434,621 50,116,964 21,776,786 3,205,522 61,868.237 24,751,822 15,437,533 14,667,853 12,737,744 23,220,026 3,655,366 40,245,079 53.693,673 10,924,627 16,134,693 103,856.298 31,130,805 80,433,780 6,272,892 69,672,726 2,042,044 23,934,465 61,257,374 52,892.934 15,884,393 47,794.256 17,807;366 16,077,388,715 162,804,521; 244,428,549 6,638,414,221! 1,098,862,355 41,084,9451 9,131,056 20,813,768 6,596,118 6,601,4«)6 82,227,353 17,474 2,115 122,582 149,415 82,260 83,022 456,868 16,789 24,333 501,723 1,177,055 58,898 300.897 2,989,267 97,335 3,916,002 2,701,626 1,637,854 1,116,202 2,079,6951 12,458,286 163,261,389 246,508,244 6,650,872,507 1,107,490,216 109,640 39,116 1.216,328 4.386,084 1.729,012 1,147,681 8,627,861 KEAL AND PERSONAT. PKOPERTY OF CALIFORNIA. Total amount 1861, $147,811,617 16; 1862, $160,369,071 81. Increase, $12,557,454 65. The wealthiest county is San Francisco, from which is returned $66,531,207 against $41,845,119 in 1860. Increase, $24,686,088. The next is Sacramento, which amounts to $12,076,003; increase since 1861, $3,303,265. Number of acres fenced in, 2,703,148; acres cultivated, 1,071,082. 1863.] FACTS FROM U. S. CENSUS. Facts from the United States Census, 1860. FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE, 1860. •J Arl"^^^"T'^^^ *'^^'*I populalion of the United States, i860, is 31,443,322, of which 3,953,, 60 are slaves, and 487.970 are free colored. AtrureLate increase since lT<0 ■iV'^9 nor "■"V„ «■*. l^ T,^f' slaveholding States contain 12,'240,oi)0 inliabitants, of'wliom 8,(i39^0 00 are ^\ hites 251,000 free colored persons, and 3,95ii,000 are slaves. The actual gain of the who e population m those States from 1850 to 1860, was 2,627,000, equal to 27-33 percent Te th^'/nV^'tw^ft"'^.- n T """"'*''', '^^';'*^^' "•■ 2?''*-^ P^'i" ^°"t- '^^'^^ does not include the saves of f^po < ,V^* '\ Columbia, who decreased 502 in the course of the ten years. The r inetoen tn th«^v-''1 ^nd seven '{erritones, together with the federal District, contained, accordinL to the l.ighth Census, 19,201,546 persons, including 27,749 Indians; of whom l8M»3( 579 were white, and 237,218 tree co ored. The increase of bStli classes was 5,598 60-3 or 4 •24 )er cent Accordmg to the best estimates the total population of the United St^ttes at thVc4ose of ^ ''.J'Mf"LnJi"^*.^^X;.^"''^ amount to 100,000.000, as follows, viz: 1870, 42 3-^8 43-^- 1880 56,4.50,241; 1890,77,266,989; 191)0, 100,355,802. The excess of the xMales Is aVut 730^^^^^^ The ToS(:'^m;i^,S%^^^^,Si^^^ $0,»73,106,049; Personal, $5,111,553,956. i i^'^i;^ "'^'^--'^'^^e number of deaths in the United States during the year was 392,821, about Bducation.-pmmfi the year not far from 5,000.000 of persons received education in the uS'on^tihe counlryf"'^''""' ''"^" ^''''''''' ""'^'"'^ ^^''^^'^'^t one-tilth of trcwWte pop' Froducts of Industry -The total value of domestic manufactories, includinu fisheries 86 ne'cer hften vearsTr'IVo'n' fV''"^' '"*''"^' •^""^' ^''''^ '' i.»00,00(\000 "n h'lc^ease of 00 pel cent, m ten year&, or $60 61 tor every man, woman, and child in the Union if to annuT^Tueof*51K;''ot*'J^^^^^^ ctnifK-U ''•V*? r,V/ ^^^"^V "o.onicial cognizance is taken-the result would be one of startling inagnitu de. The prod uction of the immense aggregate above stated o-ivpfr„?"inv ment to about 1,100 000 men and 285,000 women, or 1,38.5^000 pel^son^ Each Jt^the^^^^^^^ average, maintained two and a half other individuals, making the whol^ni inberof ner^^^^^^^ supported by manufactures 4,847,500, or nearly one-sixth otSl4 wK pSlatSn W of foon'^f^f.'y^ "' "'^ "/'"!^^'' ^''S^sed in the production of many of the raw mater/als and ^lovL-c"^/"' *^^ manufacturers; m the distribution of their products, such as morclmt^ clerks draymen, mariners the employes of railroads, expresses, and iteamhoa s cd'^mi: pr 1f,VwY'°^' ''7"*''' «ntVl""o^"^^"*'0"''^' cl''^^^'^^' as well as carpent ers b, ck Vrs^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ing made over 48 per cent, of the whole. Value of Iron FoundinLfof the v,-i-«^x^iV^'^^^ Coal produced, $19,192,015. The increase of Printini Presses h the ma n^^^^^^^^ and Newspapers has been great beyond precedent. In Neiv EngaZ iS ^\ estern States, the value of book, job, and newsi)aper printin- i^ reti niVd L'^'/m 4>s 'df |5'605'-I4|. otSvK^ "1 '"'^^' ^'''''' '"■"•'"^ ^lie year, llSb, the vS of whic ^i^ »5,blb,345; ot which amount asmglc establishment in Connecticut nroduced ovorW" 7 'ninn During the year lh61, Alachiiies to the value of S61,000 were exported to fcm^ Sh n?HP«" Ihe valiu- 01 Sawed Luniberinanufactured durinSthevear 1*95 9W-NK -inn manufacture ot Spirituous Liquors during the vear 1860 "i inb.v ■?! i n^ ,iic+n^ • '^^ • '^° at'Sart""' Com, "'aml'l^';,SS';?"\rrf™",r "!f «";»'>»". or Its c,„ival<.„t. ,voro mn.le 74 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. in 1860. Others are extensively engaged in making t^n-ines, shoe and other threads. The manufacture of faljrics from Flax Cotton has been commenced, and success in a new branch of industry is confidently expected. The inventive genius of mir countrymen has j)erfected machinery for the i)reparation of flax for spinning, ■wliich can be lurnislied, it is alleged, at as low a rate as the product of Southern cotton fields The manufacture of Sewing Silks is extensively carried on in this country. Including tram, organzine, etc., the production exceeded ,15,000,000 in the States of Connecticut, Xew Jersey, jMassachu- setts, Pennsylvania, and New York; their relative A-alues being in tlie order mentioned. Ribbons are made to a small extent, but the chief manufactures of silk consist of ladies' dress trinnnings, coach lace, etc., of which tlie cities of Thiladelphia and Is'ew York pro- duce to tlae value of ,'S1,'2H0,72.5 and ®T96,(j«2, respectively. The production of Leather amounted to over $>(i7,000,000, an increase over 1850 of neai'lj- 70 per cent. The manufac- ture of Boots and Shoes emploj^s a larger number of operatives than any other single branch of American industry. Number of establishments, 11,864; capital invested, S24,()50,983 ; number of hands employed, 127,427 ; value of products, 1860, .S89.54!t,;)00. India liubber Goods manufactured in 1860 was $5,729,ii00. The value of Cabinet I'urniture man- ufactured reached the sum of $22,701 304. In the manufacturing of Musical Instruments the product of 1860 amounted to ^5,791, ^07, being an increase of 150 per cent, over 1850. The mjsnufacture of Jewelry and the various articles of Gold, Silver, and Plated 'Ware, amounted to nearlj^ .$18, 000, 000— exclusive of Gold Leaf and Foil— an increase of over 64 per cent. The quantity of Gas manufactured during the year exceeds 5,000,000,000 cubic feet, the A'alue of which is about $13,000,000. The product of the Fisheries amounts to $12,924,092 for the year I860. Ayricultural Productions.— T:h& quantity of Wheat raised in 1859 was 171,183,381 bushels; increase since 1850.70 per cent. Indijin Corn, 630,451,707 bushels; increase 40 per cent. Cotton, 5,198,077 bales; increase 110 percent. Oats, 172,554,688 bushels; increase nearly 20 per cent. Kice, 187,140,173 pounds; a decrease of 15 per cent. Tobacco, 429,3.99,771 pounds; increase 106 per cent. Barlev, 17 664,914 bushels; increase over 200 per cent. Wine, 1,&60,00)S gallons; against 221,249 gallons returned in 1860. Hay, 19,129,128 bales; increase nearly 50 per cent. Orchard pi-oducts, value $19,759,360. The quaiUitj' of Butter produced is set down at 460,509,854 pounds, which is an increase of 46 per cent, on the ])roduct of 1849-50. The amount of Cheese returned is 105,875,135 pounds, or 339,242 pounds more than the product of 1849- '50. The amount of Sugar imported during the year 1859 exceeded $31,000,000, and of Molasses over 30.000.000 gallons. The product of Cane Suuiir during the year i860 was 302,205 hogsheads of 1,000 pounds each; of Molasses, 16,337,080 gallons; from the Sorghum and Omphee, 7,235,025 gallons; of Maple Sugar, 38,863,884 pounds. Live Stock.— ^xxmh^r of Horses, 6,115,458; Asses and Mules, 1,129,553; Milch Cows, 8,728,K62; working Oxen, 2,240,075; other Cattle, 14,671,400; Sheep, 23,317,756; Swine, 32,555,267. Value of Live Stock, $1,107,490,216. Value 1850, .$544,180,516. Newspapers an d Periodicah. — Total published in the United .sta tes, 4,051. Number issued annually, 927,951,948; increase in circulation since 1850, 117"61 per cent. In 1850 the annual circulation afforded 21'8l copies to each white person in the Union. In i860 tJie circulation was at the rate of 24"36 per person. The three States of Xew York, Pennsylvania, and Mas- sachusetts, furnished more than half of the aggregate circulation of the entire Union. The amount invested in the Printing trade in twenty-one States, for the year ending June, 1860, was $39,678,043, against $11,352,705 in 18.50. Tuvnage.-'Vha total tannage for the year ending June, 1860, amounts to 5,539,812 tuns. Built during the year, 212,892 tuns, of which Maine furnished 57,867 tuns. Banks and Jiihiima.—'i'hc number of Banks in the Uuited States is 1,642. Capital, $421,^)0,095; circulation, $207,102,477. liailfvuds.—:^umbQi of miles Kailroad in the United States, 30,593; cost of construe tiou, ^1,134,452,900. The Wealth of California. FOll THE YEAR ENDING JUNE, 1860. [Compiled from the U. S. Census of I860.] Real and Personal Property, assessed value, $139,654,667; true value, $207,874,613. Lands improved, 2.43ii,8K2 acres; unimproved, 6,.'i33,858 acres. Value of farms, $46,-571,994; Farm- ing Implements, $2,443,297. Horses, 160.395; As.ses and Mules, 13,744; Milch Cows, 198,859; working Oxen, 31,.527; other Cattle, 952,048; Sheep, 1,075,718; Swine, 453,523. Value of live stock, .$36,601,154. Wheat produced, 5.946,619 bushels; Rve, 51,244 bushels; Indian Corn, 524,f<57 bushels; Oats, 9.57,684 bushels; Kice, 1 800 pound's; Tobacco. 3,150 pounds; Wool, 2.681,922 pounds; Peas and Beans, 184,962 bushels; Irish Potatoes, 1 647,293 bushels; Sweet Potatoes, 158,001 Ijusluls; Jiarlev, 4,307.775 bushels; Buckwheat, 36.486 bushels. Value of Orchanl j)roducts, .$607.4.59. Wine. 494.516 gallons. A'alue of Garden (iroduce, ,$1,074,143. Jiultcr, 3,338.,5!i0 pounds; Cheese. l,,5)i4,M57 pounds; Hay. 306,741 tuns; Beeswax and Honey, ()7, 101 i>ounds. Value of IlonuOIade MariUfactures, .$265,(u4; Value of Ani- mals Slaughtered, .$3,.5(12,ss7. Value of AuricuUural imi)lements niaiuifactured, ,$9,373; Stejun Engines and Macbinery, $1,600,510; Lumber, $4,214,596; Flour and Meal, $4,:{;i5,809. Spirituous Liipiors- Wliiskv, ,52(i. 965 gallons; otlier Liquors, 236,300 i:aUous; ]Malt IJipiors, K7,K06 barrels; valued at *l,211,64l. Woolen Goods, $1,50,000. Lcatlier, $226,214. Salt, 44,000 bushels. 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S r/3 o •5 s « t- CO s >-< *:< ti--5 ?< cs 1° c- K^ fH >» >U ii ^ 3 iC ^«^ is 2 2 +j a a a 3 2 CO -a cog PM "?,-, « O * S .a vj z t: .a 'ir'r; -^ Hi ^ « i^ s^ -a s a c -^ i; ^ 5 P^ y ^ o •'^ '^ •^ o t: a s .t; w o o >,5 rt o.o a '-12 S-/-<-^ -^ .^ o O rt 3 3 -73 2 Jh '^ '^' % "? H '^ S oo 2h -^ «g.2 i^T!^ rt 2 'S S >.:2 ■= 2 o oa: S-^n a ^ o^a - -3 C ^ oo . ^^ -t; o ^ c3 j!^ > o rt a o a o ;:; o o o '*-' o o p '3 •2 H a ^a OQ o o cy a o ■-S -a t- o ;-i c >-rt CS "^ a "Sd -^ o o a p s a o o C-* o — ^ o '^■* .S '3 rr, ^ >- ? rr ;_! ■"^ o • '»' a; a a o o 25 CE CS p G a O ci g o C3 o "S ^ Cl. !^ i^ i, o cs J t; "^ .-1 g o ;:- c3 • On >'*-'5 |§.S.2£§ afx 2 3-2 « tj^« a^ fi.-t; ® g !5=M _ > Ci,^ o ■C! P OS i5 O+j 2 a^^r^-? ■7 C;M^H.tO ;a'-;2 o ,a ^H o -3 +^ a fj Oi — I O +3 cc ,~ :; >> ■^•S/ii ■+f; o t< e4 a ^ o — ' a ^ r^ .o aTiii^ ^H 'f-l •— rw cS _ o saa TO M O i-?2 ci O rt C3 2^ ort d t;„.g W -529 .2 1 -2 a 5 «« o a _^ _ ^ a «-' P £; ok_i p^ =s o"r=2 =* CO '^ -^ , J -t-i a "^^ tC-3 ;0 53 X .2 'x ^ ^ f: = .Q O ^ "^ TS i' -rt ^as'sg J x: * -/I a -^ •« e x ^ o o -o ■""« o 3-2 ^ CO t. fct^ CS a; r^ 2-i A o o a o ^ w -a h3 o "2 [j i> aQ CS O « to ■a a ^a^gs rt a * <5 c =" !^ 2 •H"S - o o a : o = ^ f.2^^ a O ^•* o a"\ -o — a^ .2 WW 80 STATE ALMANAC. [1863 Loyal State Governments. [EepuWicans in Roman; Democrats in italics; Uuioni,sts in small caps.] States. California. Connecti't Delav/are. Illinois . . . Indiana... Iowa Kentucky. Maine Maryland. Massach's Michigan . Minnesota Missouri . . N.Hamp'e X. Jersey. New York Ohio Oregon . . Pennsvl'a Khode Isl Vermont . Virginia* . Wisconsin Capitals. Governors. iT'mExp. Sacramento Hartrd,kN.Ha'n Dover Springfield Indianapolis Des Jloines Frankfort Augusta. Annapolis .' Boston Lansing St. Paul Jefferson City... Concord 'i'renton Albany Columbus Salem Harrisburg Newp'rtifcl'rov'e Montpelier Kichmond Madison Leland Stanford . . W.A. Buckingham William Canxon Richard Yates Oliver P. Morton . Sam'l J. Kirkwood Beriah Maq«jpn . . . Isr'l SVashburn, Jr A. W. Bradford. John A. Andrew.. Austin Blair Alexander Ramsey Ham'n K Gamble Nathaniel S. Berry Joel Parker .". Horatio Seymour . !David Todd Addison E. Gibbs . I Andrew G Curtin. William SpR AGUE 1 Frederi'kHolbrook jF. H. PlERPOKT... I Leonard P. Harvev Jan. 1864 May, 1863 Jan. 1864 " 1865 " lf65 " 1864 Aug. 1863 Jan. 1865 " 1866 " 1865 " 1864 " 1864 Dec. 1863 June, 1863 •Jan. 1865 " 1865 " 1864 Sept. 1866 Jan. 1864 May, 1864 Oct. 1863 Jan. 1864 Dec. 1863 Salary, i Leg. Meets. I Gen.Elec'n $10,000 1,000 1.333 i;5oo LSOO 1.000 2.500 1,500 3.600 2,500 1,500 2,500 2,000 1,000 1,800 4,000 1.800 1,500 3,500 400 1,000 5,000 1,250 1st M. Jan. 1st W. May IstTu. Juri. 2d M.Jan.. 2d M.Jan.. LstM.Diec. 1st W.Jan. 1st M.Dec. L'stM.Dec. l.stW. June 2dTu. Jan. IstTu. Jan. IstM. Jan. 2d M. Sept. 1st Tu. Jan. Mav & Oct. 2dth. Oct. •2d M.Jan.. IstM. Jan. 1st W.Sept. 1st M.Apr. 2d Tn. Nov. ■2dTu. Oct. 2d Tu. Nov. 1st M. Aug. 2d M. Sept. 1st W.Nov. IstTu. Nov. 2dTu. Oct. 1st M.Aug. l2dTu. Mar. I IstTu.Nov. ;2d Tu. Oct. ,1st M.June ;2dTu. Oct. list W.April list Tu. Sep. UthTh.May llstTh.Nov. Delaware, Virginia, Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois, hold legislative sessions biennially. Territories. Capitals. Governors. TermsEx. . . 1865 .. l>-65 . . 1865 .. 1865 .. 1865 . . 1865 . . 1865 Salary. Colorado Denver City William Gilpin.'. William Jayne Alvin .Saunitei s Henry Connelly $2,500 2,500 2 500 Dakota Yancton Nebraska Omaha City New Mexico Sante Fe 2,5r0 2,500 2,500 Nevada Carson City Utah Great Salt Lake City. . Olvmpia (k, .' Talilcquah ,.,.. John W. Dawson William Pickering Governm't of Indians. Under Gov't Congress Washington 3,000 Indian District of Columbia. . Washington The Rebel National Government. JEFFERSON D-VVIS, of Mississippi President of the C. S. A. Alexander ii. Stevens, of Georgia Vice-President " Xlie Cabinet. J. P. Benjamin, of La Sec'y of State C. G. Memminger, of 8. C.,Sec"y <>/ Treas^nry James A. Seddex Secretary of War Steph'n R. INFallory, ofFPa. Sec'y of Xavy John H. Keagan, of Tex..y'os/m«s?er-^7eT>t of the United States. Secretary Chase, in his Annual Kcport, estimates the public debt, as far as has been well ascertained, to the thirtieth of June, 1S62, at ^514,211,371. Tiie )-ecei].ts trom all sources for the year ending June 30th, 1862, were !ff 583, 885,000: the exnendi- tures lor the same were *570,841,000. The .Secretary estimates the total public debt should the war continue with unabated vigor u]) to July 1st, 1863, at .fpl 122 2<)7 000- and It It continue to July 1st, 1864, at .f 1,744,685,000. He estimates the exiionscs of the current year at *788,558,777. The receipts from customs for the year arc expected to aggregate §70,000,000 ; the interest tax, !i?150,000,000. I>ebt of Culiforuia. The State debt is as follows : hondsot I860... 1!)8.500G0 iJuc bchoor J< und, on sales 4-.- .-on no Due School Fund, for interest '.'.'^'.'.'.'.'.V. '^.(I'tS 4) Outstanding claims, as ascertained by the Controiler,'Dcc. istVisci" ! ." .' 48it JSo 00 Total civil debt .,^ »4 941 733 70 Due OM war l)onds and coupons issued previou.s to"is57," estimalVd "at ' ' '220000 00 Due on war bonds since 1857, payable when appropriated by Congress. 33S/J30 01 Amount audited by War Board not bonded »« .;9i nr> Total debt. 68,621 05 .$5,569,284 76 The receipts for the year ending Juno 30th, 1862, wore $1,031,529 08. Expendi- tures, same penod, $1,146,744 65. Excess of expenditures, $115,214 97. * Fusion. 82 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. OfS-cial Returns of California. Elections from 185S to 1863. Pre.s.1852. Pkesid't, 1856.1 President, 1860. Gov'NOli, 1861. i SUP'T PlBLIC INS'CTIOK, 1862. o CO 2 1 s aa d DO a c B 3 ^ p 1-3 CorNTT o 3 t2 3 3 B P 5 \ c 5 X 00 3 CO a < a a 1 2 N ,'!er, 38,940; Waldo, 37,437. Total, 70,377. For Governor, 185.5— l'>ij,'Ier, 40,220: Johnson, 51,157. Total, 97,377. For Tresident, 1850— Buchanan, 53,305; Fillmore, 30,105; Fremont, 20,693. Total, 110,223. For Governor, 1857— Weller, 53,122: Stanly, 21,040; Bowie, 19,471. Total, 93,633. For Governor, 1859— Latliam, 02,255; Stanford, 10,110 ; Currey, 31,298. Total, 103,663. 1863.] NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS. 83 List of Newspapers and Periodicals, Published in California., with the Place and Time of Publication, Name of Publisher, Etc., Etc., January, 1863. COUNTT. Alameda Amador . Butte...!, Calaveras Colusa Contra Costa. El Dorado Humboldt . . . Los Angeles. Marin Mariposa.. Mendocino Merced.... Mono ^Monterey. . Napa Nevada. Placer. Plumas Sacramento .. San Francisco, Gazette Press Dispatch i .edRer Record Union Clironicle Sun Gazette Presbyter Mountain Democrat., News rimes , Times News .Star Name. Journal Free Press Gazette Herald Banner Star Union Pacific Echo Reporter Democrat Journal ,. National Press Transcript Courier Enquirer .. Herald Union Advocate Standard Union Bee liepublican Union Telcgraoh Alta... ". Bible Temp. Lancet... Bulletin California Chronik " Democrat.. " Farmer... . " Magazine . . " Naut. Mag. Christian Advocate... Cronica Italiana ¥A Eco del Paciflco Evangel Evening Journal Express Family Guide Gleaner Golden Era Herald and Mirror • . . Hesperian La Ruche Litteraire. . . La Voz de Mejico L'Echo du Pacifique. . Le Courier des Amer- iques Le I'liarc L' Union Franco Amcr- icaine Medictiland Sur. Jour, Mercantile Gazette . . . Mining Journal Locality of Publication. Wlien Issued. San Leandro Oakland. Jackson., Oroville Mokel'ne H Colusa... , Pacheco... Alamo. ... Placerville Eureka.. , Los Angeles San Rafael, Mariposa., Ukiah City Merced. .. Aurora .... Pajaro Napa Cit3'. Nevada.... Grass Valley N'li San Juan Nevada . . . Forest Hill Dutch Flat Auburn Quincy.. Sacramento Folsom.. San Francisco Weekly. . Tri-Wklv Weekly.". Dailv.... Weekly. . Remi-Wy Weekly.". Tri-Wkly Weekly. Dailv..., Weekly. . Daily. Semi-Wv D.W.vine measure in use here is 231 inches; and " beer measure" 282 inches. The question, if asked: "What is a gallon measure?" can only be answered by measuring the man who is buying or selling. Land Measure. — An English imperial acre is 4,840 scjuare yards, or 160 square rods. A square 13 rods upon each side is commonly counted an acre; it is nine rods over measure. A square 22 yards upon each side is one-tenth of an acre. The folloAving gives the comparative size in square yards of acres iu diflerent countries : English acre, 4,840 square yards ; Scotch, 6,150; Irish, 7,840; Hamburg, 11,545; Amsterdam, 9,722 ; Dantzic, 6,650 ; France, (hectare) 11,960; Prussia, (mor- gen) 3,053. This difference should be borne in mind in reading of the products per acre in different countries. Our land measure is that of P^ngland. COVERNMEKT LAND MEASURE. — A township, 36 sections, eacli a mile square. A section, 640 acres. A (piarter section, half a mile square, 160 acres. An eighth section, half a mile long, noith and south, and a quarter of a mile wide, 80 acies. A sixteenth section, a quarter of a mile square, 40 acres. The sections are all numbered one to thirty-six, commencing at the northeast corner, thus : 6 5 4 3 NW NE 2 ■ S W S E 7 8 9 10 11 12 18 19 17 16 15 14 13 20 21 22 23 24 30 29 28 27 26 25 31 32 S3 34 35 36 The sections are all divided in quarters, which ai-e named by the cardinal points as in section one. The quarters are di- vided in the same way. The description of a 40 acre lot would read : The south half of the west half of the southwest quarter of section 1 in township 24, north of range 7 west, or as the case might be ; and sometimes will fall short, and some- times overrun, the number of acres it is supposed to contain. A Mile Measure.— A standard Eng- lish mile, which is the measure that we use, is 5,280 feet iu length, 1,760 yards, or 320 rods. A strip one rod wide and one mile long, is two acres. By this it is easy to calculate the quantity of land taken up by roads, and also how much is wasted by fences. The following table shows the length of miles in different countries, comx^ared with the English mile : Scottish (ancient) Ira, 224 yds. Irish (ancient 1 480 German (short) 3 1,570 German (long) 5 1,326 Hanoverian.." 6 999 Tuscan 1 48 Kussian 4 1,197 Danish 4 1,204 Dantzic 4 1,435 Hungarian 5 313 Swiss 5 353 Swedish 6 1,140 Arabian 1 38(» Koinan, (modern) 132 yards less than the English mile. A League Measure. English league 3 m. French league 3 French posting league. ... 2 743 yds. Spiinish judicial league. .. . 2 1,115 Spanish common league... 5 376 I'oriugal league 3 1,480 Flanders league 3 1,584 Other Measures. liussian worst 1,167 yds. Turkish bein 1 m. 66 I'ersian parasang 3 806 86 STATE ALMAXAC. [1863. "A Sabbath clay's journey," 1,155 yards ; which is 18 yards less than two- tliirds of a mile. "A day's journey," 33,^3 miles. "A reed," 10 feet 11 ii inches. "A palm," 3 inches. "A fathom," 6 feet. A Greek foot is 12).< inches. A Hebrew foot is 1'212 of an English foot. A cubit is 2 feet. A great cubit is 11 feet. An Egyptian cubit is 21*888 inches. A span is 10-944. Board Measure. — Boards are sold by superficial measure, at so much per foot of one inch or less in thickness, adding one-fourth to the price of each quarter inch thickness over an inch. Grain Measure in Bulk. — ilultiply the width and length of the pile together, and that product by the hight, and di- vide by 2.150, and you have the contents in bushels. If you wish the contents of a pile of ears of corn or roots in heaped bushels, ascertain the cubic inches and divide by 2,818. A Tun Weight. — In this city, a tun is 2,000 lbs. In most places, a tun of hay, etc., is 2,240 lbs., and in some places that foolish fashion still prevails of weighing all bulky articles sold by the tun, by the "long weight," or tare of 12 lbs. per cwt. A tun of round timber is 40 cubic feet ; of square timber, 54 cubic feet. "A quarter" of corn or other grain sold by the bushel, is eight imperial bushels, or a quarter of a tun. A Tun of liquid measure is 252 gallons. Butter is sold avoirdupois weight, which compares witli Troy weight as 144 to 175; the Troy pound being tliat much the lightest. IJut 175 Troy ounces equal 192 ot avoirdupois. A til-kin of butter is 56 lbs. ; a tub of butter is 84 lbs. The Kilogramme of France is 1,000 grammes, and equal to 2 lbs., 2 oz., 4 grs. avoirdupois. A Bale op Cotton, in Egyptj is 90 lbs. ; in America, a commercial bale is 400 lbs. ; though put up to vary from 280 to 720 in dilferent localities. A bale or bag of Sea Island cotton is 300 lbs. Wool. — In England, wool is sold by the sack or boll, of 22 stone; which, at 14 lbs. the stone, is .303 lbs. A pack of wool is 17 stone, 2 lbs., which is rated as a pack load for a iiorse. It is 240 lbs. A tod of wool is 2 stone of 14 lbs. A wey of wool is 6>^ tods. Two weys, a sack. A clove of wool is half a stone. The Stone Weight, so often spoken of in English measuies, is 14 lbs. v/hen weighing wool, featliers, hay, etc.; but a stone of beef, lish, butter, cheese, etc.. is only 8 lbs. Hay. — In England, a truss, when new, is 60 lbs., or 56 lbs. of old hay. A truss of straw, 40 lbs. A load of hay is 36 trusses. In this country, a load is just what it may happen to weigh ; and a tun of hay is either 2,000 lbs. or 2.240, according to the custom of the locality. A bale of hay is generally con.-^idered about 300 lbs., but there is no regularity in the weight. A cube of a solid mow, 10 feet square, will weigh a ttln. A Last is an English measure of vari- ous articles. A last of soap, ashes, herrings, and some similar things, is 12 barrels. A last of corn is 10 quarters. A last of gunpowder, 24 barrels. A last of flax or feathers, 1,700 pounds. A last of wool, 12 sacks. A Scotch Pint contains 105 cubic inches, and is equal to 4 English pints. 21J4 Scotch pints is a Farlot of wheat. Coal. — A chaldron is 58-3 cubic feet, or by measure, 36 heaped bushels. A heaped bushel of anthracite coal weighs 80 lbs., making 2,880 lbs. to the chaldron. Wood. — A cord of wood is 128 solid feet, in this country and England. In France, it is 576 feet. We cord wood 4 feet long,.iu piles 4 feet bj^ 8. In Aew Orleans, wood is retailed by the pound, and to a limited extent in New York. It is also sold by the barrel. A load of wood in Kew York is 42^ cubic feet, or one-third of a cord. Wood is sold in England by the stack, skid, quintal, billet, aiid bundle. A Stack is 108 solid feet, and usually piled 12 feet long, 3 feet high, -and 3 feet wide. A Quintal of wood is 100 lbs. A Skid is a round bundle of sticks, 4 feet long. A one notch skid girts 16 inches. A two notch skid 23 inches. A three notch skid 28 inches. A four notch skid 33 inches. A five notch skid 38 inches. A Billet of wood is a bundle of sticks 3 feet long, and girts 7, 10, or 14 inches; and tliese buudfes sell by the score or hundred. Faggots op Wood are bundles of brush 3 feet long, 2 feet round. A load of faggots is 50 bundles. All wood should be sold by the pound. A Perch 'op Stone is 25 cubic feet in a pile, or 22 feet in a wall, Tin ee pecks of lime and two-thirds of a one horse cart load of sand, are used to a perch of stone. A Cubic Foot Weight. Sand or loose earth 95 lbs. Compact earth 124 Strong clay 127 I'ure clay." 135 Stones and clay 160 Stone inasonrv 205 Brick ". 125 Cast iron 450 Steel 489 1863.] MILITARY DICTIONARY. 87 Copper 486 lbs. Lead 709 Silver 654 Gold 1,203 Flatiua 1,218 Glags 180 Water G2 Tallow 59 Oak Timber 73 Mahogany 66 Cork 15 Air 0-0753 In the abovie weights, fractious are dis- carded. Half rotted stable manure 56 lbs. If coarse or partly dry 48 A load of manure is 36 cubic feet, and will average 2,016 lbs. of the first, and 1,728 lbs. of the second. Eight loads, of 2,016 lbs., will give 108 lbs. to the rod ; and less than 21^ to the square foot. An acre contains 43,560 square feet. Every farm wagon or cart should have the cubic feet and bushel conteyts graven upon the bed before it leaves the maker's hands. A cubic yard is 27 cubic feet; and a cubic foot is 1,728 inches; a cubic cord is 128 cubic feet. The most convenient system of weights and measures in the world is that of France, because all the divisions are by decimals. Thus their measures of weights are as follows, with the equivalent in Troy grains : Grammes. Grains. Miligramme 001 01.534 Centigr; mme 01 15434 Decigr; mme 1 l-54;34 Gramme. 1 15-434 Decigramme 10 15434 Hcctogranmie ,..•. 100 1543'4 Kilogramme 1000 15134 My riagranmie 10000 154340 The liquid measure, solid measure, su- perficial measure, linear measure, in France, are all equally simplified. The metre is 1; the hectometre 100; the kilo- metrcl,000 ; the myriametrc 10,000 metres. All the divisions and multiples of the units of all measures are decimal. If that happy time should ever come when this country is governed by meas- ures instead of men, or the sectional in- terest of this or that party, we may be able to have a national system of weights and measures, founded upon reason, and adapted to the understanding and uni- versal wants of the i»eople, who are now tied to the absurd rule of that old English measure, 3 barley corns make 1 inch ; 12 inches 1 foot; 3 feet 1 yard; 5i^ yards 1 rod; or the still more ridiculous measure of weights based upon the supposition that 7,000 grains of barley would weigh a pound by one rule, and 5,760 grains by another rule, with the multiples and divis- ions more ridiculous than anything else in the world, except the multiplication and divisions of political parties in America. Military Dictionary. Abattis. — Felled trees with their sharp branches placed outward, and so interlaced as to present an irregular and thick row of pointed stakes towards the enemy. AccouTERMENTS.— A word which comprises the belts, cartridge-box, bayonet-scabbard, etc., of a soldier. Wlien besides these he has his arms, lie is said to be armed and accoutered. Adjutant.— The regimental staff ofllicer, who assists the Colonel, or other commander, in the details of regimental or garrison duty. When serving with a detachment of a regi- ment at a post, he is called a Post Adjutant. The Adjutant is usually selected from the rank of Lieutenants, and receives extra pay and allowances. He receives and issues orders, forms the daily parade, details and mounts the gujvwls, etc. Alignment.— The straight line upon which troops are formed in battle order. . Ammbulance.— An easy carriage or litter for tr.insporting one or more wounded men from the field to a hospital, or other place, where tlieir injuries may be attended to. Approacues. — The lines of intrenchment, ditches, etc., by which the t)csiegers approach a fortified place. The principal trenches are called the first, second, and tliird parallels. Apkun.— A piece of sheet lead used to cover the vent of a cannon to protect it from the weather. Armstrong Gun.— A rifle cannon loaded at the breech. Its projectile is made of cast iron, surrounded by two leaden rings placed at the extremity of the cylindrical part, for the purpose of fitting the grooves when it is forced through the bore. Arsenal. — A place where arms are made and repaired, or deposited, and also where mil- itary stores are kept, .\rtillery.— Troops whose duty it is to serve the cannon, either in the field or in fortifi- cations. They are armed with swords. They are divided into light and heavy artillery. Tlic former have liglit guns and gun-carriages, which can be taken to pieces" and tranV ported on the backs of horses and mules. The latter have charge of siege and other heavy guns. The artillery usually constitutes about one-tontli of tlie force. Assembly.— An army call beaten upon tlie drum for assembling the troops by company. Banquette.— A small elevation of earth inside of a tort, upon which the soldiers stand to fire over the parapet. Barbette Guns.— Guns fired over a parapet with wide range, distinguished from puns in embrasure, which fire through a narrow cut in the embrasure, and witli a limited field of range. Bastion.— In fortifications the advanced portion of a regular work consisting of two faces, inclosing a salient angle and two flanks. Battalion.— A body ol' infantry of two or more companies under one commaudcr. Bayonet.— A sharp-pointed steel dagger, made to fit upon the end of a musket, as an additional weapon. Bomb.— A word formerly used to mean a shell, such as is thrown from a mortar, yhen mortars or Dahlgrcn gunsaro, fired upon a place they are said to " bombard " it. BuEACH.--An opening made t)y cannon in a wall or fort, by which infautri"- troops may attack it. Brrastwork. — Aay wall of defense breast high, which shelters infantry in loading and firing upon the enemy. Breech.— '1 he extremity of a gun near the vent. Brkvet.— An honorary commission given to officers for meritorious sei'vice, but not affecting the lineal rank except under special circumstances. Brigade.— A body of troops consisting of two or three regiments. Brigadier-General.- An ofticer wlio commands a brigade. The second rank in our service, next below a Maior-General and above a Colonel. *. Cadence.— Exact time in marching and executing the manual of arms. It is indispens- able to uniformitj' of motion. Caisson.— Tlie ammunition carriage accompanying a field piece. Camp.— The ground u|)on which troops encamp, the form of the encampment, and the tents or temporary .shelters of an}' kind which are used. Canteen.— A siiiall flat bottle or runlet, in which a soldier carries water. Canteens are made of wood, tin, or India rubber. Carbine.— A small musket or rifTe used by cavalry. Cartridge.— A charge of powder for an.v kind of fire-arms. Those for muskets are rolled in paper; those for cannon arc put up in flannel. A ball cartridge is one which has a ball inserted at the end of the powder, so tliat the piece is entirely loaded at once. Cartridge-Box. — The leather box worn on the right hip in which cartridges are kept. Casemate.— Casemates are bomb-proof chambers in fortifications, through holes in which, called embrasvires, heav.v guns are fired. Cashier. — To dismiss an officer ignominiousl.y from the army. Cavalkt.— This term includes all kinds of mounted troops, dragoons, hussars, light and heavy cavalry, etc. Chamber.— The cavity at the bottom of the bore of a mortar or howitzer into which the charge of gunpowder is put. Chevavx-de-Frise.- A square (or hexagoual) beam of timber or iron, from six to nine feet long, in each of which pointed stakes are placed at right angles to the sides. Chevrons. — The marks or bands on the sleeves of non-commissioned officers. Colors. — The two silken flags belonging to a regiment. CoLVMBiAD.- A gun of large caliber for throwing solid shot or shell. Commissary. — An officer who purchases and distributes ])rovisions. CoRi'S D'Armee. — An organization of two or more divisions, comprising infantry, cav- alry, and artillcrN'. Countermarch. —A change of the direction of a regiment or company from front to rear by a flank movement. CoiJNTEKSCARi'.- The outer wall or .slope of the ditch of a fort. CoLNTEKSiGN.— A sccrct word of communication to the sentinels on post. Courts i\l artial are divided into general courts to try important cases ; garrison courts for lesser delin(|uencies; and drum-head courts for summary punishment. Coui'-de-Main.— A sudden attack connected with a surprise. Crenelated. — Loop-holed. Curtain.— 'I'hat part of a rampart which joins the flanks of two bastions together. Column. — A body of troops so drawn up as to present a narrow front. A column is close or oi)en, according to the distance l)ctwcen the companies. Dahlgkpn Gun.— An improved yun, named after its inventor, ver}' thick at the breach, and tapering down to less than the common size at the mouth. Di.Si'LAY.- To open the order of troops from column into line of battle. DiiAfiooNS. — (!avalry who sometimes serve on foot. Division. — 'J'wo or more Ijrigadcs. Echelon.— A formation of troops following each other on separate lines, like the steps of a ladder. Embrasure.— An opening cut in a parapet for cannon to fire through. Enfilade.— To sweep with a battery the whole length of a work or line of troops. ■ Engineers.— OUicers who build fortifications. Topographical engineers are those who make military surveys or reconnoissanc;es. Entrench. — To throw up a pariujet with ditch in front. Ei'RouvETTE.- A small mortar for testing tlie strongtli and equalitj' of gunpowder. Escalade.— An attack on a fort with scaling ladders. EscARi'.— The sid(! of a ditch next to a parapet. Esi'i.ANAi>E.— A h'vel surface within a fortilied place, for exercising, etc. Evolutions of the Line.— IMovements by which tri)ops, consisting of more regiments than one, change their position witli order and regularity upon the field i)f battle. Fascines.— Brushwood, or long twigs, such as osier" or willow, collected together and bonnd into l)anr calling the roll and seeing that every man is in his place. Roster.— A list of olflcei's and men from wliich details for guard and other duties are made— on the principle that tlie longest oft' any duty shall be detailed for the next tour. Sabretasciie. — (German : Sabel, saber, and Jasclte, pocket.) A leathern case, sus- pended at the left side of a mounted officer, in whicli papers are carried. Safeguard.— A jiassport given by competent aiitliority to a person passing through mil- itary lines. It Is usually both for person and propcn-ty. Salient. — Any advanced point or angle in fortification. Sally-port.— The chief entrance to a fort, to atlord egress to a bodv of troops, as in a sortie. Salute.— A discharge of artillery or musketry in honor of persons of rank. The rank is donated by the number of guns tired. Sand Bags.— Coars(; bags tilled with sand, for reveting earthworks and repairing breaches made in them l)j' shot. Sap. — A ditch constructed rapidly by the besiegers in advancing upon a besieged place. According to the dimensions, it is called a full sap, a flying sap, or a double sap. Those who make them are called "sappers." Sentinel.— An individual of tlic guard who is posted to watch for tlie safety of the camp, and who ))aces on his jiost, always alert, and who holds no conmuinication with any person unauthorized to approach him. Serge.vnt.— The highest pradc of non-eommissioned officers. Besides the Sergeants ■wiio form part of the company organization, in each regiment tliere is a Seryeant iMaJor, who assists the Adjutant; a Quartermaster Sergeant, who assists the Quartermaster: and a Coh)r Sergeant, wlio carries the colors; and, at militar^^ posts, an Ordnance Sergeant, who has charge of the ammunition. Shells.— Hollow halls filled with combustihle matter, which is fired by a fuse. They are shot from guns and mortars, and explode when thev reach the object aimed at. Siege.— The act of surrounding a fort or place with an army, with a view to reducing it bv regular approaches. 'Skikmish.— ^V^""**^ desultory kind of engagement, generally between light troops thrown forwaro to test the strength and position of the enemy. Sortie.— A secret movement, made by a strong detachment of troops in a besieged place, to destroy or retard the enemy's approaches. Staff.— The otticers connected with liead-quarters. Stockade.- A line of stakes or posts fixed in the ground as a barrier to the advance of the enemv. Spherical Case.— A thin shell filled with musket balls and powder. Spike.— To close the vent of a gun with a nail forcibly driven in. Shot.— The folloAving arc among the different kinds of shot : round, bar, canister or case, grai)e, and red-hot shot. Sections.— Subdivisions of platoons. Tattoo.— The drum-beat just preceding the retirement of troops, usually at half-past nine o'clock. Time.— The regular cadence in marching. Common time is ninety steps to the minute ; quick time, one hundred and ten ; double quick, one hundred and sixty-five. Traverses.— Masses of earth thrown up at short distances in forts along the line of the work, to screen the troops from shot or shell fired in ricochet. Terre-plain. — The level terrace of a parapet on which the cannon ai"e placed. Tete-du-pont. — Works thrown up at one end of a bridge to cover the communication across a river. Trenches.— The parallels dug by the besiegers in approaching a work. Troop.— A company of cavalry. Troi:s de Loup.— Conical holes dug in the earth, about six feet deep, and four and a half wide at the top. A sharp stake is fastened at the bottom, and the hole sliglitly covered so as to conceal them from the enemy. Rows of " trous de loup " are very destructive to cavalry. (The name is French, and means wolf-holes.) TiirNNiON. — A pivot projecting from the side of a piece of ordnance by which it rests on the cheek of the carriage. Tumbrils. — Covered carts used to convey tools, etc. Vanguard.— The body of troops constituting a guard, detailed from day to day to march in advance of the army. Vidette.— Originally, sentinels on the furthest outposts. Now confined to mounted sentinels on outpost duty. Vollet.— The simultaneous discharge of a number of cannon, or muskets, or any fire- arms. "VViNGS.— The portion of an army on the right and left. Zouaves.— Light infantry troops, having a peculiar dress and drill, and trained to exer- cise quick and unusual movements with great rapidity and precision. Chronological History of Events in California. FOR THE YEAR 1862. [From the Sacramento Union, January 1, 1863.] JANUARY. 1st— The levee at Sacramento, near the foot of R street, commences to give way. Eflforts made to stop the encroachment of tlie river. 2d— Heavy storms, with thunder and lightning in the mountains. Severe gale at San Francisco. 3d— Announcement of the appointment of B. C. "Whiting as United States Distiict Attorney of Southern California. 6th— Thirteenth session of the California Legi.slature commences to-day. After the members luivc been duly qualified, botli Houses adjourn without organization. 7th— Both branches of the Legislature comjilele their organization.. The Republicans and Union Democrats readily fuse. J. McJlanus Shatter (lii'pulilican) is chosen rresjdciit pro tem. of the Senate, and George Barstow (I'nlon Democrat) Speaker of tlie Assembl}'. 9th— A Joint Convention of the Legislature canvasses the vote of the State for Governor and Lieutenant-Governor. 10th— Inauguration of Leland Stanford as Governor oiF California. Another destructive flood occurs in the princi|)al valleys of the State. Owing to the unprecedented rise in the rivers, the Sacramento valley is converted into a vast inland sea. 'I'he destruction of milling and ranch ))rop('rtv is^imincnse. Iilaiiy lives arc lost. Tlie Capital is again sub merged. Communiiatiuu \>y railroad, stage, and telegraph, is rendered impossible. nth— The State Senate adopts a resolution to adjourn to San Franci.sco, but the Assem- l)ly refuses to concur by a vote of 40 to :i6. Burning of " Sarsfield Hall," a boarding house at San Francisco, by wliicli a iuiinl)er of lives are lost, and several persons badly injured. 1.3th— Crevasse in tlie levee on the Sacramento, at R street, Sacramento tJity ; the river pours in and swells the flood in the lower portion of the city. 92 STATE ALMANAC. [1863. 14th— In consequence of the condition of the Capital, the Legislature adjourns over to the '21st. steamers ascend the American river to a point above Patterson's. ITth — In consequence f)f another rise in.tlie rivers, Stockton experiences the heaviest flood of the season. Accounts received of terrible devastation by floods throughout the State. A terrible land slide, attended with loss of life, occurs near Santa Barbara. 20th— The revenue cutter Shubrick arrives at Sacramento, to assist in relieving suff'erers b3' the flood. 21st— I he Legislature reassembles at Sacramento. The question of removing the Capital is agitated in the Assembly. 22d— The new levee atRabel's Tanner}', northeast of Sacramento, gives way. The Assembly adopts the resolution to adjourn to San Francisco. j^ 23d— iiembers of tlie Legislature left Sacramento for San Francisco. Tne Governor and other State ofhcers follow. 24th— Bloody aftVav in Sonoma county, resulting in the killing of Dftvid Campbell, Deputy Sheriff", and Isaac Baker, proprietor of a ranch. The Legislature convenes at San Francisco. 25th— Mike Brannigan convicted of rape at Sacramento, sentenced to ten years in the State Prison. 29th— A snow storm at Pacramento. No quorum could be obtained for the Annual Meeting of the Directors of the State Agricultural Society. 30th— Personal collision between Collector Bell and Senator Perkins, in the Hall of the Legislature. FEBRUARY. 1st— The gold fever, excited by reports from Cariboo and Salmon river, attracts the attention of the press. '2d— William S. Scott, an old Californian, present at Sutter's mill when gold was discov- ered there, committed suicide at Georgetown. 3d— Special election in San Francisco to fill a vacancy in the Assembly. H. G. "Worth- in gton (U. D.) elected over Delos Lake (Rep.) 7th— Steamboat Nevada, running on the Sacramento, struck a snag and was run ashore near Rio Vista. Various attempts to get her afloat again failed, and she proved a total loss. r2th— A large pond, near Turk street, San Francisco, ovei-flows and floods "St. Ann's Valley," doing considerable injury to property, 13th— Michael M'Gee and John SAveeney, miners, killed by Dr. 0. P. C. White at Indian Diggings. A new charter is framed by a Citizens' Committee for the city of Sacramento. 14th— The Second Lieutenant and the Purser of the L'nited States steamer Saginaw, having, upon their arrival at San Francisco, refused to take the oath of allegiance, are arrested and confined in Fort Alcatraz. 15th— During an atVray at Lagrange, Stanislaus county, between Dr. George "W". King and "William Calhoun, both parties are niorially wounded. 16th— J. M. Wright is murdered by Burke, an escaped convict, at Grass Valley. 17th— The news of the victory at Fort Donelson causes great rejoicing an)ong l03'al Cali- fornians, manifested by displaying flags and firing salutes in various cities and towns. 18th— Six hundred gold-seekers left San Franciscofor the Cariboo mines. 21st— Tliomas Lamartine killed b.y the caving in of a bank near Dutch Flat. 22d— The anniversary of Washington's birthday' celebrated with unusual eclat, in conse- quence of recent Union victories. 23d— Thomas Marrion, an Englishman, murdered at Pescadera, Santa Cruz county, by Ramon Laria, who is lynched by the citizens. 28tl)— An aft'ray at Vallecito, Calaveras county, between J. D. Gray and F. M. Pudgett, in which the latter is killed MARCH. 2d— Captain Ferdinand Andressen di'owned by falling through one of the "man traps" at San Frajicisco. A land slide in Deer Gulch, San Mateo county, kills three men. 3d— Ship Polynesia, bound for Hongkong, destroyed by fire iii the harbor of San Fran- cisco; the Ignited States mails for China are consumed. J[A^X>E AND General EXPEESS BUSINESS promptly attended to. LOUIS McLANE, GENERAL AGENT FOR CALIFORNIA. N. W. Cor. Montgomery and California Streets. 511 IVTontgoiiiery Street, Has constantly on hand a full assortment of STANDARD, SCHOOL & MISCELLANEOUS Mounted, in Book Form, or in Sheets. ALSO, A rich stock of fine Goods suitable for presents, such as Pictures, Engrav- ings, Ambrotypes, Bronzes, Photograph Albums, Cartes de Visite, etc. 511 Montgomery Street, next door to Telegraph Office. T W;N:£ -^iCB^A 0« PKI Nf E R S OUR FACILITIES FOR THE Execution of Orders IN OUR LINE, Are not equaled in this State. MANUFACTURED, And every kind of BOOK BINDING 536 CLAY ST., SAN FRANCISCO. TATrvi Q! n V> rvi ril rr i MATHEMATICAL INSTRUMENT MAKER, VV nil fJuILinOlZi t 430 Montgomery Street, Ss J \ 430 Montgomery Street, San Francisco JS^^To be Published exclusively by Subscription, and to be ready for Delivery in April next. CALIFORNIA STATE REGISTER AND YEAR EOOK OE EAGTS, THIRD YEAR OF PUBLICATION. One volume 12mo. 400 pp. Price, half Morocco or half Calf bindings, $4.00. Covers for Mailing, $3.50. Several new and interesting features -will be added to the Register for 1858-59, of which may be mentioned. An Essay on the Mineral and Agricultural Wealth of the Pacific States, An Essay on the Climate and Climatology of California. An Abstract of the General Laws enacted by the Cali- fornia Legislature of 1863, etc., etc. THE VOLUME EXHIBITING AT A GLANCE The Progress and Present Condition of California AND THE PACIFIC STATES. " The plan of the Register is to embrace in each volume full and reli- able statistics, concerning each branch of the resources of California and the Pacific States, and a complete exhibit of the finances thereof, includinir the different County and Municipal Organizations, carefully prepared and arranged, from information received through official or other reliable sources. The Agricultural, the Mining, the Commercial, the Mechanical, and the Manufacturing Interests, shall each receive such attention as will best illus- trate their character, importance, and extent. " The Register will also contain such data connected with the operations of the different departments of Government, Federal and State, as will be consistent with its general plan, together with the names of the officers in charge thereof, and such reference to the history and progress of the differ- ent States as may prove attractive to its pages." H^ Subscriptions to be addressed to HENRY G. LANGLEY, PubUsher, 536 Washington Street, San Francisco. ri TT "D 11 I Gil Montgomery St., San i? rau'o. ueuerai iJOOK ana jsiaiiouurj VJ60i Jj.1 Jj6ili ( Establishment. Subscriptions recv'd for Magazines, Newspapers, «fcc GEO. W. CHAPIN & CO. MALE AND FEMALE [PLOYMENT OFF] FIND EMPLOYMENT FOR ALSO, WITH THE ABOVE, HAVE A poiise brokerage m)i |teal (^Mt %^mq, No. 708 Kearny Street, (Lower side of Plaza, near Clay,) SAN FRANCISCO. ^0. oil Monto-omery Street, . . . corner of Merchant, IMPORTER AND DEALER IN Envelopes, Law Books, Law Blanks, Fancy Articles, Pri?iters' Cards , {Plam and iDiih Fancy Borders^ BOOKS, MAGAZINES AND ATLANTIC PAPERS. Oick'Ts will be received for any Book or other article required from the States, and obtained in the shortest possible time. mmw EXECUTED WITH NEATNESS AND DISPATCH. Blank Account Books, in any Style, Made to Order. QCP°" Orders from the Country are solicited, to which special attention will be made. J HOSTETTER, SMITH & DEAN, IMPORTERS OF DRUGGISTS' SUNDRIES, ETC., / AGENTS FOR Hostetter's Stomach Bitters, 237 MOIVTGOMERY STREET, (RUSS HOUSE.) BILLIARD TABLE MANUFACTORY. Piijto^ f bdatt'^ §\oM §\i\kxA ®abk^ AH® :^Af KMT (S©MBlHATI(iM GUSHI^MS. BALLS, Cue Wax, Etc., Etc., Etc. Billiard Trimmings of every description. Old Rails Ee-Cushioned with Sets of Phelan's Patent Cushions. Agents for Phelan & Collender, New York, Nos. 724 and 726 Montgomery Street, San Francisco. CAUTION.— Phelan's Patents cannot be procured from any otlier person in this State, Oregon or Washington Territory. IMPORTER AND DEALER IN 415, 417 and 419 California Street, Between Montgomery and Sansom, LATEST STYLES OF CHAniS, CHAMBER SETS, Bedsteads, Bedding. The Trade supplied at the Lowest Whole- sale Prices. NEWY OK STORI AND No. 217 MONTGOMERY ST., (RUSS HOUSE,) Between Bush and Pine Streets, San FrancisCO. The subscriber having been the first to engage in the Newspaper and Magazine Business in this City in the year 1849, and conseqacntly being the Pioneer News Agent on tliis coast, flatters himself tli'at his long exi)erience in "the business will warrant liini in assuring his old customers and the public generally, that any orders or subscriptions that he may receive in his new store will be attended to with promptness and fldclity. Having maile new arrangements Avith tlie Eastern Publishers, we guarantee satisfaction or redeem tiic money on demand. We deliver to all our subscribers at their residences, their Magazines and Papers, or mail them, postage paid, to any part of the country, without extra charge. U^^'Subscriptiou Lists with Prices annexed, will be sent, postage paid, on application. J. H. S. & CO. will keep constantly on hand a general assortment of First-Class Comniercial Stationery, Blank Books, Law Books, Standard and Miscellaneous Books, Medical Books, School Books and Cheap Publications, All of wlucb we will sell at the Lowest Market Prices, and when wc can do so, at the nsTEVT" "yoi^k: fr,ioe- N. B.— Having a Special Agent residing in New York to attend to our orders, wc will guarantee to supply any Book or other article (not obtainable in this City) within 60 days from the receipt of order. J. JM. SiriJLIj S CO., Boohsettera and Stationers, No. 217 Montgomery St., (adjoining main entrance to liuss House.) San Francisco, Jan. 1st, 1863. AUG 14 1902 WILLIAM B. COOKS <& CO. IMPORTING AND MANUFACTURING AND Law and Commercial Blank Publishers. Wm. B. Cooke «fc Co. are constantly Manufacturing and offer for sale SUPERIOR PAGED ACCOUNT BOOKS Of Every Description. From the Bank Ledger to the smallest Memorandum Book, not surpassed by those of any other establishment. DC^ Particular attention given to the mannfacture of Books of the Odd and DilBeult Pattern. «£I] Banks, Public Offices, Railroad, Mining, Water, and Manufacturing Corporations, Merchants, Town and City Authorities, Can be furnished with Books of any pattern desired, at short notice, and warranted to give satisfaction. English, French and American Stationery, Suitable for the Counting House, Engineers', School and Family Use, OF EVERY VARIETY. S^ll^ij- OJflljging and ^^al f r^ss^s. Mann's Parchment-Paper Copying Books, And other materials used with Copying-Presses, at Lowest Prices. BILL-HEADS, NOTES, DRAFTS, CHECKS, STOCK CERTIFI- CATES, CARDS, CIRCULARS, Etc., Printed at Short Notice. Having all the improved facilities for carrying on the business, thcj' feel confident in assur- ing all those who may be pleased to favor them with their custom, that they can funiish Every article in their Hne on the most Reasonable Terms. No. 624 MONTGOMERY STREET, MONTaOMERY BLOCK. THE TRADE AND COUNTRY^ MERCHANTS SUPPLIED. iilPfi 'mMmm^mm^mmm i 1 ^ '. ' i LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 136 152 i > )mmnmMm))my mmmmm%w