e:j^£A Class. Book ^ •' ^.--//<^ / Gopyriglit}l^ Z COPYRIGHT DEPOSm ^O THOSE WHO FOUGHT AND THOSE WHO DIED TO SAVE BAL- TIMORE AND TO PRESERVE THE NATION. AND TO THE POET OF IMPERISHABLE FAME WHO WROTE "THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER," THIS BOOK, IN GRATE- FUL REMEMBRANCE, IS DEDICATED National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SEPTEMBER 6 TO 13 1914 PART ONE OFFICIAL PROGRAMME Compiled by FRANK A. O'CONNELL PART TWO THE STORY OF BALTIMORE Compile J !>y WILBUR F. COYLE PUBLISHED BY THE NATIONAL STAR-SPANGLED BANNER CENTENNIAL COMMISSION Copyright 1914. by The National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Commission and The Mayor and Cilu Council of Baltimore m 27 19/4 i r rO iCI,A380145 sTi^:^£i&LEo OFFICIAL PROGRAMME al^T^S^ CONTENTS PAGE Cover Design By Hans Schuler President of Centennial Commission, Mayor James H. Preston Frontispiece Honorary Presidents 1 0, 1 2 Foreword \ \ Baltimore and Maryland m War of 1 8 I 2 . 13,15,17,19 Honorary Vice-Presidents . . . . 14,16,18,20,22 Story of the National Anthem, 21,23,25,27.29, 31, 33. 35, 37 Vice-Presidents 24. 26 Managing Directors 28 Board of Directors 30. 52. 54, 56 Director of Publicity and Asst. Secy, of Commission. 32 Portrait of Francis Scott Key 38 Biography of Francis Scott Key 39, 4! Key Monuments 40 Defenders of Baltimore 42, 43. 45 Monuments to Defenders of Bahimore .... 44 Fort McHenry 46,47 Words and Music of National Anthem . 48.49,50,51 Personnel of Commission. 53.55,57,59,61,63,65.67.69, 71 to 89 Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of Committees . -58, 60, 62 Original Manuscript 64 Flag That Floated Over Fort McHenry .... 66 U. S. S. "Constellation" 68 Memorials 70 F'rogramme 90 to 1 1 3 J AMKS H PRESrON Mayor of Baltimore President of The National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Commis ,i«;ur,.i^(timce. fo mm yisifoHS . A patriotic people natJirally foele stirred by a lofty amotioo., when it tmdoartakes to memorializo a great national event, Sttrely the niayor of a great city should. bSTs no greater pleasure than to cordially welooma a patriotic mmltitude. The poople of Baltimore Join with you in paying patriotic trifctats to the Flag of our cotmtry, and to the horoas, the shedding of whose blood has ffiade that flag so saorsd. We want you to know our city — big, enterprising, progreesive, eueceasful; we want you to know our people— hospitable, courteous, patriotic, chivalrous; we want you to know ciir history — important, creditable, nation-wide in its influence; and I ejrtend a most cordial walcoms to all who have come' to Baltimore to join with us in the celebration of the 100th Anniversary of th'S writing of our National Anthem, "The STAB- SPANaiSD BAHlffiB." JRP/RK WOODROW WILSON President of the United States iiorary President of Centennial Commission FOREWORD NE hundred years ago Baltimore — then a robust miniature of the great City of today — was at- tacked by a powerful British expeditionary force. The unequal struggle between America and Great Britain, generally referred to as the War of 1812, had raged for two years. The flower of the British Army and Navy attempted to take the town. At North Point their land forces were repulsed after a bloody encounter, and their commander, General Sir Robert Ross, was killed. Untrained soldiery under gallant leaders held in check the invaders, who were seasoned veterans to the man. At the very gates of the City the British came upon a line of trenches they dared not assail. Fort McHenry was bombarded by the naval forces for twenty-five hours. When the smoke of battle cleared "our flag was still there." Realizing the hopelessness of capturing Bal- timore, the British weighed anchor and withdrew, taking away scores of wounded and a lesson never to be forgotten. Detained aboard the flag-of-truce ship "Minden," Francis Scott Key, a young patriot, witnessed the conflict. Inspired by the thrilling sight, he wrote the words of our National Anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner." The final gun of the attack on Baltimore marked the close of the last important engagement of the War of 1812. Jack- son and his brave followers defeated the British at New Orleans months later, unmindful that peace had been proclaimed days before. American independence, so proudly heralded in 1 776, be- came an actuality with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent. A century of progress has elapsed. Once more Baltimore is the stage of a national drama. The National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial from September 6 to 1 3, 1 9 I 4, is to com- memorate the birth of our National Anthem; the successful de- fense of Baltimore at North Point and Fort McHenry; the achievement of real National Independence, and a century of progress. That, also, is the purpose of this book. 11 ) Harris & Ewin^ WILLIAM H, TAFT THEODORE ROOSEVELT Former Presidents of the United States Honorary Presidents of the Centennial Commission sT^^^P^yGYED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME cE^^^i^J^V ( (l^j BALTIMORE AND MARYLAND WERE TO THE FRONT IN THE WAR OF 1812. ILLIAM PINKNEY, a Baltimorean, wrote the declaration of war, which consisted of the single and explicit statement: "That war be, and the same is hereby declared to exist between the United States and Great Britain." Pinkney was sent in 1806 to England to negotiate a treaty that should settle all disputes between the two governments. From 1 808 the political rela- tions between America and Britain foreboded inevitable hostili- ties at no distant day. Incensed by the seizure of our ships upon the high seas, the impressment of thousands of American sailors and other outrages, Pinkney, in 1811, demanded his recall. Upon his return to America he was made Attorney- General. On June 18, 1812, after debating for fifteen days. Congress passed the War Act. President Madison signed it the same day. The Union was then made up of eighteen States — the thirteen original, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Caro- lina and Rhode Island, with Vermont, Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio and Louisiana. Baltimore merchants loaned the Government $3,000,000, and this, later assumed by the city, became the foundation of Baltimore's first municipal debt. When war was declared the general Government was practically bankrupt, with liabilities amounting to $45,154,000. Congress authorized a war loan of $1 1,000,000. Baltimore merchants were the first to sub- scribe. Finding none of this available for her own defense, the city raised another $600,000. The first gun of the war was fired by a Maryland man, when Commodore John Rodgers, a native of Havre de Grace, and 13 1 i ■ ,iV- THOMAS R. MARSHALL CHAMP CLARK Vice-President of thp United States Speaker of the House of Representatives Honorary Vice-Presidents of Centennial Commission lij ))5Tik^^P%^c'iED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME cE^^^i^J^^J f^ later a resident of Baltimore, aboard his flagship, "President," attacked the British frigate "Belvidera," June 23, 1812. Commodore Rodgers was in command of the North Atlantic Squadron. Three days after war was declared he received the news while his ship was lying at New "^'ork. Within an hour he had weighed anchor and put to sea. Coming up with the "Belvidera" off Nantucket Shoals, Commodore Rodgers with his own hand pointed and fired the first shot of the war, hulling the enemy. A gun burst on the "President," injuring her commander. In the confusion that followed the British vessel escaped. A Baltimore man, Captain David Porter, captured the first British national vessel, the "Alert," whose colors were struck August 1 3, after an eight-minute engagement with the "Essex." From the masthead of the "Essex" fluttered a flag bearing conspicuously the words, "Free Trade and Sailor/ Rights. ' Captain Porter left New York a few days after Commodore Rodgers. Soon after leaving Sandy Hook he captured several English merchant vessels, making trophy bonfires out of most of them. One night, a little later, he chased a fleet of British transports convoyed by a frigate and bomb vessel. Without attracting the attention of the rest of the fleet, the "Essex" captured one of the transports, with one hundred and fifty men. Later in the war Commodore Porter made one of the most remarkable cruises on record. Manned by a Chesapeake crew, the "Constitution," better known as "Old Ironsides," captured the first and thiid British frigates taken in the war. On July 12, the "Constitution," with a new crew, sailed from Annapolis, Maryland. In thirty min- utes, August 19, she destroyed the famous ' Guerriere," taken from Napoleon by Lord Nelson at the Battle of the Nile, in I 798. After a fierce fight, December 29, the same crew took the frigate "Java," with the outgoing Governor of Bombay and all his staff. 15 © Hcirrii &• Kivii:i: ADMIRAL GEORGE DEWEY MAJ.-GEN. W. W. WOTHERSPOON of the United States Navy Chief of StafI United States Army Honorary Vice-Presidents of Centennial Commission ,TX^£&:,a OFFICIAL PROGRAMME I§) Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr., a native of Berlin, Mary- land, in command of the "United States," captured the second British frigate, the "Macedonian," October 25, after a con- flict that lasted two hours. Decatur's subsequent career added luster to his renown as the conqueror of the "Macedonian." From Maryland, and chiefly from Baltimore, more officers, ships and seamen went out than from any other State. Of the two hundred and forty officers of the American Navy, Mary- land furnished forty-six. This was more than twice the number given by any one State, except Virginia, which sup- plied forty-two officers. Sixty-one privateers were sent out from Baltimore, while the number from Maryland totaled more than one hundred. New York equipped fifty-five, Salem forty, Boston thirty-two, Philadelphia fourteen, and nine other ports combined about thirty-eight. "Baltimore Clippers," world famous for their speed, manned by daring crews, struck blow after blow at the commerce of Great Britain. This caused the English press to refer to this city as "a nest of pirates." Baltimore privateers captured five hundred and twenty-five vessels, or nearly one-third of all the prizes taken in the war. Aboard Government vessels and privateers, Baltimore men captured five hundred and seventy-five British ships. The activities of Baltimore privateers caused a loss of $16,000,000 to the British. The most famous privateersman was Captain Thomas Boyle, of Baltimore. First on the "Comet," and later on the "Chasseur," known as the "Pride of Baltimore," he made a number of brilliant captures and had hair-breadth escapes. With the "Comet" he seized twenty-nine vessels. The "Chasseur" is said to have lowered the colors of fifty-one British ships. Commodore Joshua Barney, commanding the "Rossie," accompanied by six other privateers, sailed from Baltimore in 17 PHILLIPS IJ.l. C.ol DMiOROUGH Governor of Maryland Honorary Vice-President of Centennial Commission (t^)sT r^pTN"cVHD OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^1&:{ (^ July, 1812. After forty-five days his captures totaled fifteen vessels, valued at $ 1 ,289,000. When he returned to Baltimore in November this had been increased to $1,500,000, repre- senting 3,689 tons of shipping. He took two hundred and seventeen prisoners. Another rich capture was that of eight vessels made by the "Rolla," Captain Dooley. The vessels and cargoes were valued at $2,000,000. To the "Dash," of Baltimore, belongs the credit for the first capture made by a privateer. She took the British schooner "Whiting," with dispatches from Great Britain to the United States, in Hamp- ton Roads July 10, 1812. The fame of Baltimore ships was spread by the exploits of Captains Coggeshall, Miller, Moon, Murphy, Stafford and others. The first news of peace was brought by a Baltimorean, Christopher Hughes, Jr., who was Secretary to the Commission at Ghent. As soon as the treaty was signed, December 24, 1814, he sailed direct for the Chesapeake and landed at An- napolis. He was the first to bring the good news to Wash- ington, arriving there before the official messengers. GOVERNORS OK THE B^iHEEN STATES THAT FORMED THE UNION IN 1814 Honorary Vice-Presidents of Centennial Commission WstA^^pTn^gYed official PROGRAMMr7E^^^?J^V# STORY OF THE NATIONAL ANTHEM, FORT McHENRY AND NORTH POINT. By Frank A. O'Connell. l^^HURCH BELLS were calling in Baltimore Town Sunday, September M , 1 8 ! 4, when through the streets went the cry, "The enemy is at our door!" On the Court House green three cannon boomed. With martial tread and beatmg drums pa- triots spread the alarm. From the houses came men of all classes, determined to protect their kin and their homes. At the mouth of the Patapsco, off North Point, twelve miles from the city, fifty ships flying the British colors were silhouetted against the eastern skies. Nine thousand strong, the invaders, representing the flower of the English Army and Navy, gazed towards the city they had termed "a nest of pirates." Lining the decks of this fleet were part of Wellington's "In- vincibles," and veterans of Nelson's victories, the men who had humbled the great Napoleon. Fresh from the Battle of Bladensburg, encouraged by the capture and burning of Wash- ington, emboldened by their raids along the Chesapeake, they impatiently awaited the loosening of the leash. Pick and shovel made the dirt fly along fortifications around the town. To the east, in a line more than a mile in length, men, women and children toiled. Hampstead Hill (Patterson Park) was selected as headquarters by the commander-in-chief. General Samuel Smith, a Revolutionary hero. Behind these bulwarks he placed ten thousand troops, largely Baltimore militia, and one hundred cannon were mounted. On the north side of the harbor, opposite Fort McHenry, Commodore Rodgers planted batteries at the Lazaretto. One 21 GOVERNORS OF THE EIGHTEEN STATES THAT FORMED THE UNION IN 1814 Honorary Vice-Presidents of Centennial Commission STAR-SPANGLED I(§ thousand volunteers and regulars garrisoned Fort McHenry. Major George Armistead, in command, knew that the magazine was not bomb-proof, but those under him were ignorant of the fact. To the rear of the fort along the shores of the Patapsco were two redoubts — a six-gun battery under Sailing Master Webster, and Fort Covington under Lieutenant Newcomb. Anticipating the landing of the enemy. General Smith sent General Strieker with 1 700 men to harass the British advance up Patapsco Neck. Late Sunday afternoon this body marched out the Philadelphia Road to Long-Log Lane (now North Point Road), leaving behind a cloud of dust. At eight o'clock that evening they paused. The defenders chose the ground well, with the right resting on Bear Creek and the left near Bread and Cheese Creek; then they lay on the ground to await the coming of dawn and the British. General Strieker spent the night in the old Methodist Meet- ing House, still standing on the North Pomt Road, near Bread and Cheese Creek. His force was composed of the Fifth, Sixth, Twenty-seventh, Thirty-ninth and Fifty-first Regiments. These were made up of separate companies, some in uniform and others in their citizen's clothes. In the haste and con- fusion of the day many still wore their silk hats. Incorporated in these regiments was one company each from York, Han- over and Marietta, Pennsylvania, and one from Hagerstown, Maryland. All the rest were from Baltimore. While the opposing forces slept that night from a cloudless sky the full moon shone brightly, its beams illuminating a huge flag flying over Fort McHenry. Fifteen stripes, alternate red and white, the Union of fifteen stars, white in a blue field, it measured 36 by 29 feet. The flag was made by Mrs. Mary Young Pickersgill, who was assisted by her two nieces. Mrs. Pickersgill had won no little fame as a designer of ship's colors, pennants, etc. Commodore Barney, with the 23 FORMER GOVERNORS OF MARYLAND Vice-Presidents of Centennial Commission approval of General Strieker and General McDonald, had placed the order for the flag. At her little home, "House No. 60 Albemarle Street, Old Town," (which still stands) she had cut the colored sections. Owing to its dimensions the flag, in pieces, had been taken to a near-by brewery and there stretched and sewed together in a large room. Before the first streaks of dawn appeared on the twelfth, the British were astir. From their transports boat after boat car- ried human freight to North Point — where now stands Fort Howard. Advancing into the marshes skirting the shore, they eagerly sought the shelter afforded by high reeds. The veterans crawled cautiously to higher ground and assembled in the woods nearby. In command of the land forces was General Sir Robert Ross, a soldier of distinction, who had served in Holland, Egypt and the Peninsula. At his side rode the ranking naval officer, Rear-Admiral Cockburn, whose lust for booty had earned the hatred of every American. Admiral Sir Alexander Cockrane, commander-in-chief of the British forces, remained aboard his ship. Four miles up Patapsco Neck proceeded this force. Gen- eral Ross, Admiral Cockburn and six other officers stopped at the home of Robert Gorsuch, a farmer, and ordered him to pre- pare breakfast. As each dish was placed before his unwel- come guests, Gorsuch was compelled to taste the food. The unwilling host asked General Ross if he would return for supper. He was told, "No, I shall eat my supper in Balti- more, or in hell." While the British officers were laughing at this remark the firing of musketry was heard. Dashing from the house, they mounted their horses and galloped to the scene of action. They emerged from a piece of woods about a mile distant and saw engaged the advance guards of their forces and a small party of Americans. 25 FORMER MAYORS OF BALTIMORE Vice-Presidents of Centennial Commission i MsT^^gpTN^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^?J^V( W General Ross turned to Admiral Cockburn and said, "I'll bring up a column." As his horse wheeled a ball pierced the General's arm and chest. He fell — a monument marks the spot. Admiral Cockburn and others placed him on a horse and quickly sought the woods. A messenger was dispatched for a horse and cart, and in this crude vehicle the wounded officer was placed on blankets. As he was carried to the rear General Ross ordered that he be covered lest he be recognized by the troops. Beneath a huge poplar (a new stone church marks the place), opposite the Gorsuch farmhouse, a halt was made. Commending his wife and family to the protection of the government he had served so well. General Ross died in the arms of his favorite aide, Sir Duncan M'Dougall. Tradition has it that the British commander was shot by two young riflemen, Daniel Wells and Henry C. McComas. In the skirmish that followed both were killed. They were buried in a vault in Aisquith Square (Gay, Aisquith and Monument Streets), over which a monument was erected Sep- tember 12, 1858. On the fall of Ross the command of the British troops de- volved upon Colonel Brooke, of the Forty-fourth Regiment. Pushing forward, the British artillery was soon engaged in a duel with the American field-pieces. The invading army was ordered to lie down and partake of the refreshments afforded by their haversacks and canteens. Drawn up behind a strong paling (known as Dr. Houck's acre), the American yeomen awaited the approach of the Eng- lish veterans. Both forces suffered from the intense heat. In the early afternoon the Battle of North Point be?an. A roar of musketry opened out. 1 he British advancing in their customary fashion, in close order, attempted to take the Ameri- can position by a rush. Into their midst was poured a hail- 27 JEROME H. JOYCE, Chairman JOHN M. DEPONAI FREDERICK H. GOTTLIEB Managing Directors of Centennial Commission W^t^j^^^pTn^led official programme ce^^^^^^ storm of shot, slugs, nails and scrap iron. The defenders were short of ammunition and their weapons were mostly of anti- quated type. Several flank movements were attempted by the attacking body. General Strieker, comprehending these movements, met each one sturdily. The armies swayed back and forth, with victory coquetting first with one and then with the other. Clos- ing in, a hand-to-hand struggle followed. The American lines, outnumbered, began to waver, and Vv'ere ordered to retire. Instead of administering a slight check to the enemy, they had stopped the advance with a bloody shock. In this struggle, which lasted an hour and a half, the British lost 600 men killed and wounded, and the Americans 150. Leaving a trail of blood behind. General Strieker's army, in good order, made its way back to Worthington's Mill, near Hampstead Hill. Here he was joined by General Winder, with the Virginia Brigade and U. S. Dragoons. A heavy rain fell and the weary soldiers were drenched before they reached shelter. Worn by the march of the day previous, a night of nervous anticipation, the battle and the retreat, they sought such rest as they could get. The battlefield was a sickening sight. Scattered about were the bodies of the slain, mingled with the wounded. Over the sodden fields the British searched, picking out their men. The dead were ignored and the injured carried to the old meeting house, near Bread and Cheese Creek. After their own men had been cared for, the invaders turned their attention to the American injured. In the old meeting house British surgeons worked over friend and foe. The build- ing vibrated with the groans of the wounded and dying. Be- neath the same roof Colonel Brooke sought shelter from the torrents that poured from the heavens. Thirsty for revenge, the British commanders ordered their men forward at daybreak. From beneath makeshift tents, 29 BARNtVELD BIBBINS. Chairman ROBERT E LEE, Secretary T. ROWLAND THOMAS. Treasurer Board of Directors of Centennial Commission DsTik^^pTN^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^^^^al V through which the water had dripped, weary and cramped, they responded to the call to arms. The march was resumed and unopposed they made their way towards the city. At noon they halted near Orangeville. Colonel Brooke and Admiral Cockburn reconnoitered. De- termmmg to attack the American forces, the commanders dis- patched an officer to the fleet with a request that Admiral Cockrane make a diversion on the water front. Before sun- down the messenger returned. He bore an order, which read, "You are on no account to attack the enemy, unless positively certain of success." Admiral Cockburn glanced at the message. He insisted on an attack. Colonel Brooke summoned a council of war, which the naval officer refused to attend. The deliberations lasted until midnight, when the majority of the officers decided upon a retreat, and an hour and a half later the British army with- drew from the gates of the city, leaving bright campfires as a ruse. The naval forces were not idle. On the morning of the thirteenth, the bomb and rocket vessels began to bombard Fort McHenry and the other water defenses. Sixteen heavy ship3 hurled bombs, rockets and solid shot. The British were pre- ^ented from attempting to pass into the basin by a line of sunken hulks between Fort McHenry and the Lazaretto. Major Armislead opened the batteries of Fort McHenry upon them, and kept up a brisk fire for some time with his guns and mortars, when, to his chagrin, he found that the mis- siles fell short. The British ships were lying about two and a half miles off the fort — near the present Fort Carroll. The garrison was exposed to a shower of shells for several hours. One of the 24-pounders in the southwest bastion of the fort was dismounted by an exploding bomb. Judge (Captain) Joseph H. Nicholson, with a company of volunteer artillerists. FRANK A. OCONNELL Director of Publicity of Centennial Commission PAUL J. QUINN Assistant Secretary of Centennial Commission S lsTr^pTN^GYED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME cE^-^^?J^V( i was in charge of this part of the works. The explosion killed Second Lieutenant Claggett and wounded several others. The wife of one of the men, while administering to the injured, was killed. Admiral Cockrane observed the confusion and ordered three of his bomb-vessels to move up nearer the fort. Major Armistead quickly took advantage of this. He ordered a gen- eral fire from every part of the fort. Within half an hour the British were driven back to their old anchorage. One ves- sel, the "Erebus," was saved from destruction by a division of small boats towing her beyond the range of Armistead's guns. In the rear ol the British men-o'-war was the cartel ship "Minden." Aboard this vessel were Francis Scott Key, a young lawyer, soldier and poet; his friend. Dr. William Beanes, of Upper Marlboro, Maryland, and Colonel Skinner, com- mander of the ship. Dr. Beanes had been made prisoner by the British after they had withdrawn from the burning of Washington. The conduct of several stragglers of the invading army caused the venerable physician to order their detention. Learn- ing of this some of the British officers, by way of retaliation, brought about his arrest. He was carried aboard a British ship. The news that Dr. Beanes was a prisoner spread rapidly. One of his friends went to the home of Francis Scott Key, at Georgetown, and requested the young lawyer to go with a fiag-of-truce and ask for the release of the physician. Presi- dent Madison gave his consent and orders were issued that the "Minden," used by the United States Government for the transfer of prisoners, be made ready. The "Minden" was then lying at Baltimore. Kej' came to this city and went aboard her. She came up with the British fleet in the lower Chesapeake. Key's mission was made 33 WHERE GENERAL ROSS FELL HAMPSTEAD HILL OLD METHODIST MEETING HOUSE (Ij^ lsiAJ^ggg^D OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^^ 1^ known. General Ross and Admiral Cockburn, in strong terms, spoke against the release of Dr. Beanes. After being in- formed of his many kind acts toward British officers who had been wounded, they relented. Having decided to attack Baltimore, they detained the Americans. The fleet headed up the Chesapeake. As the vessels entered the Patapsco, Key, Dr. Beanes and Colonel Skinner was transferred from the British ship to the "Minden." A guard of British marines were sent aboard the flag-of-truce ship to prevent the patriots from going ashore. The "Minden" was anchored north of the present ship channel, some distance from what is new Dundalk, Baltimore County. From the decks of the "Minden" Key and his companions watched the bombardment. As night fell the fury of the attack increased. At midnight 1250 picked men were sent from the fleet in barges, with scaling ladders and other implements for storming the fort. L nder the cover of darkness they passed to the south and approached Fort Covington and Webster's six- gun battery. For the purpose of examining the shores they threw up rockets. This gave the alarm. A large hay stack was set afire by the Americans. As its glow revealed the British boats. Fort McHenry and the two redoubts opened a terrific fire. The concussion was tremendous. The houses in the city were shaken to their foundations. Webster and his men worked gallantly, and to them Major Armistead said he was "persuaded the country was much in- debted for the final repulse of the enemy." Two vessels were sunk and a number of the attacking force were killed. Back to their ships went the British. The bombardment of the fort lasted until seven o'clock in the morning. Eighteen hundred shells were thrown by the attacking force. The total Ameri- can loss \\as four killed and twentv-four wounded. 35 STAR-SPANGLED During the night Key and his friends paced the deck of the "Minden." To these men the spectacle was one of horror. As shell after shell went screaming skyward towards the fort Key's anxiety grew. During an intermission in the firing he was in doubt as to the safety of the fort. On the back of a letter he began to write. The first blush of day tinged the skies. Gazing towards the fort Key beheld the Stars and Stripes floating triumphantly above the ramparts. His joy was without bounds. Into his brain leaped the words of "The Star-Spangled Banner." As the sun rose and the British gave up in despair he continued to make notes. The men-o'-war fell back. Key and his companions were permitted to go ashore. In a small boat with Dr. Beanes, Colonel Skinner and an oarsman. Key finished his writing. He proceeded into the city and came to Fountain Inn, which stood on Light Street, near Orange Alley, now German Street. That night he completed the poem destined to become the American National Anthem. In the morning he took the verses to his brother-in-law. Judge Nicholson. The words were found to fit perfectly the then popular melody, "Anacreon in Heaven." Carrying the song to the printing office of Benjamin Edes (Baltimore and Gay Streets), then serving as captain of the Twenty-seventh Regiment, copies of it were ordered. Samuel Sands, an ap- prentice, set the type and printed it. That evening it was sung in the taverns. Bonfires were lit in the streets and the citizens of Baltimore made merry, while the British with their dead commander and scores of wounded were on the Chesapeake, outward bound. 37 FRANCIS SCOTT KEY (| ^)5tA^I'pTn"gVed official programme ce^4^?^^^al( (1^ FRANCIS SCOTT KEY. ^^^HE author of our national anthem, "The Star- ~ Q^ Spangled Banner," was born on his father's estate, "Terra Rubra," Maryland. The date ^^^^^^1 of his birth is in dispute. It is given as August 1, 1779, and August 9, 1780. "Terra Rubra" was at that time in Frederick County, but the locality now forms part of Carroll County. Ihere in the shadow of the Catoctin Mountain, amid fertile valleys, Francis Scott Key was reared. He was the son of John Ross Key, who served with dis- tinction as an officer in the Continental Army, and Ann Phoebe Dagworthy Charlton Key. General and Mrs. Key had another child, Ann Arnold Key, who married her brother's chum, Roger Brooke Taney, Secretary of the Treasury under Presi- dent Jackson and later Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. From the peaceful shades of "Terra Rubra" young Key was sent to St. John's College, Annapolis. The quaint town, around which centered the brilliant life of the Capital of the State, was a wonderful change for the impressionable boy. Dr. Upton Scott, his father's and uncle's neighbor in Frederick County, had built historic Carvel House, on Shipwright Street, and here the boy lived, with frequent visits to his grandfather, Francis Key, at his estate, "Belvoir," on the Severn River. Graduating with high honors, Francis Scott Key, with his fellow-student, Roger Brooke Taney, read law in the office of Jeremiah Townley Chase. Meantime he fell in love with Mary Tayloe Lloyd, daughter of Edward Lloyd IV of "Wye House," Talbot County. I hey were married at Annapolis by Rev. Ralph Higgin- botham, rector of St. Anne's Parish. Like the date of his birth, there is a discrepancy of a year in the two dates men- 39 Frederick. Md. San Francisco. Cal. (M 5TAk^^P^^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^1V^ 1%) tioned for this event. It is usually given as occurring in 1802. In May, 1855, Mrs. Mary Tayloe Key, the widow, applied to the Pension Office at Washington for bounty land on account of her husband's ser%ice in the War of 1812, and stated under oath that she was married to F. S. Key at Annapolis, Marj'- land, January 19, I 80 1 . Eleven children were born of this marriage. The year of his marriage Francis Scott Key began practic- ing law in Frederick County. Later he removed to George- town, D. C, where he formed an association in the practice with his uncle, Philip Barton Key. He was three times ap- pointed United States District Attorney for the District of Columbia, which office he held from 1833 to 1841. Key was a devout Christian. In the Sunday School he taught a Bible class of young men for many years. He was one of the vestrymen of St. John's Episcopal Church, Georgtown. The best memorial bearing tribute to his Christianity is found in the Imes of the hymn he composed, "Lord. With Glowing Heart Id Praise Thee." He wrote many poems, being also a contributor to the same periodical for which Edgar Allan Poe \\rote. His holidays he spent at "Terra Rubra." In that vicinity he was regarded as a spendthrift. He was careless in dress, but of a fine, free, impulsive nature, generous to a fault. An expression often heard was, "Farmer Key spent all the money that Lawyer Key made." In the winter of 1843, while visiting his daughter, Mrs. Charles Howard, in Baltimore, Key was stricken with pneu- monia, and died January 1 1 . Mrs. Howard's home was on the corner of Mount Vernon Place and Washington Place, where the Mount Vernon Methodist Episcopal Church now stands. He was buried in the Howard vault in St. Paul's Cemetery, Lombard Street and Fremont Avenue. The re- mains were later taken to Frederick and interred in Mount - Olivet Cemetery. 41 DEFENDERS OF BALTIMORE (tJAl lsTA^^pTN^GJED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^j^I^^al ( (TOj DEFENDERS OF BALTIMORE. (R7g|^g®Q)^ HE Commander-in-Chief of the American forces ll^C^^^^ at Baltimore in 1814, MaJOR-GeneraL Samuel July 27, 1752; entered his father's counung liouse, Baltimore, 1766; went abroad and traveled extensively, 1772 to 1776; Captain in the First Maryland Regiment, served at the Battle of Long Island, distinguished at Harlem and White Plains, slightly wounded and elevated to rank of Major, 1776; Lieutenant-Colonel, Fourth Maryland Regiment, 1777; after serving three years he resigned his commission, but continued to do duty as Colonel of Militia at Baltimore; Member of Congress, 1793 to 1803; United States Senator, 1803 to 1815; Member of Congress, 1 8 1 6 to 1822; United States Senator, 1822 to 1833; died April 22, 1 839, while Mayor of Baltimore. He is buried in Westminster Churchyard, Fayette and Greene Streets. Lieutenant-Colonel George Armistead, in com- mand at Fort McHenry during the bombardment in 1814, was born at New Market, Virginia, April 10, 1 780; Second Lieu- tenant, Seventh United States Infantry, 1799; First Lieuten- ant, 1800; transferred to First Artillery Engineers, 1801 ; As- sistant Military Agent, Fort Niagara, 1802; Assistant Pay- master and Captain, 1806; Major in Third Artillery and dis- tinguished at capture of Fort George, 1813; breveted Lieu- tenant-Colonel for gallant defense of Fort McHenry, 1814; died April 25, 1818, at Baltimore. He is buried in Old St. Paul's Cemetery, Lombard Street and Fremont Avenue. Brigadier-General John Stricker, commander of the American forces engaged in the Battle of North Point, was born in Maryland, 1 758. He resigned from the army De- cember 20, 1814, and died June 23, 1825, while president 43 ARMISTEAD MONUMENT BATTLE MONUMENT WELLS AND McCOMAS MONUMENT 1/ / STAR-SPANGLED of the Bank of Baltimore. He is buried in Westminster Churchyard. Brigadier-General William H. Winder, commander of the Tenth MiHtary District, was born in Somerset County, Maryland, February 18, 1775; was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania; member of the Maryland Legis- lature, 1798; began to practice law in Baltimore, 1802; was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel of Infantry, and after being elevated to rank of Colonel performed eminent service with Maryland troops on Niagara frontier, 1812; became Brigadier- General and several months later captured at Stony Creek, Can- ada, 1813; appointed Adjutant and Inspector-General, 1814; went to Northern frontier and resigned from the army, 1815; twice elected State Senator; died at Baltimore, May 24, 1824. Commodore John Rodgers, in command of the marine forces at Baltimore m 1814, was born at Havre de Grace, Maryland, 1771; Lieutenant in United States Navy, 1798; Captain, 1799; Executive Officer aboard the U. S. S. "Con- stellation" when the French frigate "Insurgenta" was taken, 1800; in active service during naval operations in the Mediter- ranean until 1805; fired first shot in the War of 1812; Presi- dent of the Board of Naval Commissioners, 1815 to 1824; in command of squadron in the Mediterranean, 1824 to 1827; member of the Board of Naval Commissioners, 1827 to 1837; died at Philadelphia, 1838. 45 Prom the bay OUTER GATE 1-ORT McHENRY STAR-SPANGLED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME centennial 't FORT McHENRY. HE reservation, containing thirly-four acres, is situated in Baltimore City, between the Patapsco River and its northwest branch. It was named in honor of Secretary of War James McHenry. 1 he principal events in its history follow: 1661, Charles Gorsuch, a Quaker, was granted a patent for the land and paid an annual rental of one pound sterling; 1776, the first fortification, a water battery, was begun; 1778, eighteen guns were placed in position; I 794, the United States Govern- ment made an appropriation to improve the fort; 1795, J. J. Ulrich Rivardi was sent by the Secretary of War to examme the fortifications, after which the Government made its first purchase of land; 1800, the citizens of Baltimore appointed a committee to solicit funds to strengthen the infant fortress; 1813, extensive improvements were made and paid for by the City of Baltimore; 1814, bombarded by the British; 1816, jurisdic- tion over part of the reservation was ceded to the United States by the Maryland Legislature; 1824, visited by General Lafay- ette; 1833, Black Hawk, famous Indian chief, visited the city and held a reception at the fort; 1835, during the "Bank Riots," Reverdy Johnson took refuge there; 1838, Maryland ceded another part of the reservation to the Government; 1861, Baltimore editors who were thought to be in sympathy with the Southern cause were imprisoned there; 1875, the Government made its last appropriation for fortifications at this place; 1912, abandoned as an Army post. On May 21, 1914, Congress passed the Linthicum bill, turning the fort over to Baltimore City to be used as a public park. The formal transfer took place June 27, 1914. Congressman J. Charles Linthicum, acting for the Secretary of War, surrendered the deed to Mayor James H. Preston. A monument to Francis Scott Key will be erected at Fort McHenry, Congress having appropriated $75,000 for that purpose. 47 _ SOLliD,; _ w ///// /////-///y ///r ////////////?/////'/// fi/ /'t'/i M. //r/ir\- ^^ AN OLD VERSION OF Courtecy of 48 » T(utll>rlu> fi-. cnwa ~liaa • •T* the Uaml Jkc, 7.-^ \.\nONAL ANTHEM WiUiam M. Hayden -t9 STANDARDIZED ADAPTATION OF THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER AS SUNG BY 6000 SCHOOL CHIlDRtN OF BALTIMORE FORMING A HUMAN FLAG. DURING CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION, SEPTEMBER 12, 1914. AT FORT MCHENRY -^^ FRANCIS SCOTT > 4>''i 1 1 M ^++1 1 I I ' l 1 !! ■ 1 1 1 , ; ^ i ^1 I I f i ' u ^ m m STANDARDIZED VRRSION^OF Arranged by 50 On the shore, dimly seen thrn' the mist of tl Where the foe's haughty host in dread sil. What is that which the breeze, o'er the tow As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half dis I glory reflected. no\ he star-spangled ban he land of the free. shines ( is that band who so vauntingly swore lavoc of war and the battle's confusior a country shall leave us no more! id has wash'd out their foul footsteps' an save the hireling and slave rror of flight or the gloom of the grave r-spangled banner in triumph doth wa\ nd of the f 1 theh ? brav, Between their loved hnmen and the v 1 made and preserved us a Praise the pow'r that h Then. con(juer we must, when our cause it is just. And this be our motto. "In God is our trust." And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave. O'er the land of the free, and the home of the brave. THE NATIONAL ANTHEM John Itzel 51 BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION (IS|| i5x^J^:^^:;i:^ED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^M NATIONAL STAR-SPANGLED BANNER CEN- TENNIAL COMMISSION. )HE Nationtxl Star-Spangled Banner Centennial |':rQVS Commission '^^^ incorporated November 3, 1913. I •T/z-N^^---^'^ Funds for the Centennial Celebration were provided UlCr^ip^B^ through three sources: an Act of the Mayor and (Q3^^^^^]City Council of Baltimore, approved December Id, 1913, appropriating $50,000; an Act of the General Assembly of Maryland, approved April 1, 1914, appropriat- ing $75,000, and subscriptions amounting to $40,000 from the citizens of Baltimore. The personnel of the Commission follows: PRESIDENT. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. HONORARY PRESIDENTS. Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States; William H. Taft, former President ol the United States; Theodore Roosevelt, former President of the United States. HONORARY' VICE-PRESIDENTS. Thomas R. Marshall, Vice-President of the United States; Champ Clark, Speaker of the House of Representatives; Admiral George Dewey of the United States Navy; Major- General W. W. Wotherspoon, Chief oi Staff United States Army; Governors of the States that were in the Union in 1814 — Delaware, Charles R. Miller; Pennsylvania, John K. lener; New Jersey, James F. Pielder; Georgia, John M. Slaton; Connecticut, Simeon E. Baldwin; Massachusetts, David I. Walsh; Maryland, Phillips Lee Goldsborough; South Carolina, Cole L. Blease; New Hampshire, Samuel D. Felker; Virginia, Henry C. Stuart; New York, Martin H. Glynn; North Carolina, Locke Craig; Rhode Island, Aram J. Pothier; Vermont, Allen M. Fletcher; Kentucky, James B. McCreary; Tennessee, Ben W. Hooper; Ohio, James M, Cox; Louisiana, Luther E. Hall. 53 BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION .T^^^^^'kED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^"1^ (1^| VICE-PRESIDENTS. Former Governors of Maryland, Edwin Warfield, John Walter Smith, Frank Brown, Henry Lloyd; former Mayors of Baltimore, J. Barry Mahool, E. Clay Timanus, Thomas G. Hayes, Alcaeus Hooper. MANAGING DIRECTORS. Jerome H. Joyce, Chairman; John M. Deponai, Frederick H. Gottlieb, Robert E. Lee, Secrclarv; Paul J. Quinn, Assist- ant Secre/arp. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. A. Barneveld Bibbins, Chairman; Robert E. Lee, Secre- tary; T. Rowland Thomas, Treasurer; Mrs. A. Barneveld Bibbins, J. Albert Cassedy, Dr. J. M. Delevett, John M. Deponai, Dr. A. R. L. Dohme, William W. Emmart, Jacob Epstein, S. S. Field, Robert Garrett, Governor Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Frederick H. Gottlieb, B. Howell Griswold, Jr., Louis K. Gutman, John J. Hanson, Frank N. Hoen, John Hubert, William B. Hurst, John Wilber Jenkins, Jerome H. Joyce, Charles J. Koch, Congressman J. Charles Linthicuin, Adjutant-General Charles F. Macklin, Robert J. McCuen, Mayor James H. Preston, Captain Ralph Robinson, Hans Schuler, Herbert Sheridan, Lieutenant-Colonel Delamere Skerrett, Sidney P. Thanhouser, Edwin Warfield, Joseph Wiesenfeld, Allen S. Will, N. Winslow Williams. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Mayor James H. Preston, President; A. Barneveld Bib- bins, Chairman; Robert E. Lee, Secretary; Jerome H. Joyce, John M. Deponai, Frederick H. Gottlieb, Jacob Epstein, T. Rowland Thomas. DIRECTOR OF PUBLICITY. Frank A. O'Connell. 55 BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION (l8l|) )sT;i(^^p^';^^uED official programme cE^"^l&:( (fi|) COMMITTEE ON ACCOUNTS. Isaac L. Newman, Chairman; Andrew Reid Johnson, Andrew J. Hunter, Jr. ADVERTISING COMMIITEE. Sidney P. Thanhouser, Chairman; G. Fred Kranz, John D. HalHday, Jack Salomon, Percy T. Blogg, L. Edwin Gold- man, William A. Albaugh, Leon Levi, Levi Gottschalk, Rowland Hill. ARMISTEAD MONUMENT COMMITTEE. Mayor James H. Preston, Chairman; Dr. J. D. Iglehart, George Armistead, J. Appleton Wilson, Alfred D. Bernard, Edward F. Arthurs, T. Murray Maynadier, Josias Penning- ton. ATHLETIC COMMITTEE. Robert Garrett, Chairman; George J. Turner, Latrobe Cogswell, R. E. Lee Williamson, Dr. William Burdick, Secrelarp. BADGES AND SOUVENIRS COMMITTEE. Louis K. Gutman, Chairmat}; Harry W. Rodgers, Vice- chairman; C. Charles Friedel, Norval H. King, Gilbert A. Dailey, James C. Callis, James Rytma, John B. Spence, Isador Hirschberg. BOY SCOUTS COMMITTEE. H. L. Eddy, Chairman; M. H. Lichliter, John H. Treagor, W. B. Matthews, E. R. Stagmer, George E. Burrier, Joseph C. Grimm. CARNIVAL COMMITTEE. John J. Hanson, Chairman; Joseph Askey, Vice -Chair man; Frederick Clement Weber, Secrelarv; Dr. Arthur G. Barrett, Elmer Reed Beard, E. R. Bell, Joseph P. Burnett, Edward J. Burns, Edward Piquett Burns, William H. Carrigan, Reese Cassard, Edward J. Cusly, Tunis F. Dean. Oregon Milton 57 CHAIRMEN AND VICE-CHAIRMEN OF COMMITTEES OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION I M^tXspTn^led official programme ce'^Te^IW Dennis, Louis A. Dockman, Frank H. Dothe, Vincent J. Demarco, Thomas B. Everist, Charles T. Fardwell, Stephen D. Glines, Mihon J. Griffith, R. E. Lee Hall, Alfred L Hart, William Hellbeck, Colonel Jacob W. Hook, Solomon Himmel, George D. Iverson, Jr., Charles G. Kerr, Charles E. Kunkel, Eugene F. La Porte, Joseph Lauber, Vivian C. Leftwich, Henry G. Litz. William H. Martm, William B. McCadden. Charles Andrew McCann, William A. McCleary, Albert Neuhahn, Harry W. Nice, John P. Nixon, Moses Otten- heimer, Isaac Ottenheimer, James H. Pratt, Paul J. Prodoehl, Edward Rennert, John H. Robinette, David G. Rosenheim, Rudolph Sachs, Frederick C. Schanberger, Leon Schiff, Oren H. Smith, Jerome Strouse, Bushrod M. Watts, Graham Walker, Oswald J. Weber, Rowland C. West, John M. Wheeler, W. W. Witters. Charles S. York. CITY COUNCIL COMMITTEE. John Hubert, Chairman; Charles R. Whiteford, V ice- Chairman; Dr. George Heller, William Curran, Edwin R. Downes, Gilles J. Shaw, Duke Bond, Francis P. Curtis, Charles H. Heintzeman, Richard N. Sheckells, George L. Durm, James J. Jung, William J. Garland, John D. Spencer, Samuel Lasch, Henry Rapp, John F. Gettemuller, William W. Stockham, John J. McKenna, Jefferson D. Norris, Dr. Fimothy O. Heatwole, A. C. Binswanger, Samuel L. West, Harry C. Kilmer, Albert C. Tolson, Harry S. Cummings, Edward Gross, John F. O'Meara, William N. Hildebrand, John E. Benson, Charles A. Jording, William Hiller, William J. Lang. CIVIC AND TRADES ORGANIZATIONS COMMITTEE. Frank H. Hoen, Chairman; Dr. A. R. L. Dohme, V ice- Chairman; Frederick Clement Weber, Secretar]). INDUSTRIAL Parade — Northeast Division, Frank N. Hoen, H. L. Scott, Layton F. Smith, Elmer A. Kerney, William S. Norris; Northwest Division, Bushrod M. Watts, Charles T. Fardwell, W. W. Witters, Oregon Milton Dennis; Southeast Division, Edward J. Burns, Paul J. Prodoehl, Eduard Quandt, John 59 CHAIRMEN AND VICE-CHAIRMEN OF COMMITTEES CHAlKMti ^^ ^^j^^g.f^^,AL COMMISSION -iJ^^^P^N^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^4^^^SZ] (1^1 H. Robinette, Louis A. Dockman ; Southwest Division, Thomas B. Everist, WilHam Ganter, Joseph Pipitone, H. W. Seymour, R. A. McCormick; Civic Division, Charles S. York, Charles W. Sloan, John H. Ferguson, A. L. Fankhanel, John Sonderman; William O. Atwood, R. E. Lee Hall, Jacob W. Hook, George D. Iverson, Jr., Joseph Lauber, John M. Wheeler. COUNSEL COMMITTEE. S. S. Field, Chairman; Ruxton M. Ridgely, V ice-Chair- man; Richard M. Duvall, Albert C. Ritchie, W. W. Parker, Maurice E. Skinner, George Dobbin Penniman, Lee S. Meyer, Francis K. Carey, Robert H. Carr, John M. Carter, William Colton, Omer F. Hershey, William W. Powell. DECORATION AND ILLUMINATION COM- MITTEE. William W. Emmart, Chairman; Theodore W. Pietsch, Robert J. McCuen, George E. A. Fairley, J. Maxwell Miller. FINANCE COMMITTEE. B. Howell Gnswold, Chairman; Frank A. Furst, Vice- Chairman; Walter W. Abell, John H. Adams, J. E. Aldred, Bernard N. Baker, Summerfield Baldwm, Jr., John R. Bland, William Woodward Cloud, William F. Cochran, Robert Crain, Charles T. Crane, Charles H. Dickey, Henry S. Dulaney, Jacob Epstein, H. Findlay French, Charles E. Ford, John S. Gibbs, Rufus M. Gibbs, Albert T. Graham, Louis K. Gutman, R. Curzon Hoffman, Jr., Jacob W. Hook, Wil- liam A. House, William B. Hurst, David Hutzler, C. Iredell Iglehart, Michael Jenkins, Gamble Latrobe, Robert M. Lever- ing, Congressman J. Charles Linthicum, J. Barry Mahool, William L. Marbury, Henry C. Miller, Frank A. Munsey, Waldo Newcomer, Stuart Olivier, William C. Page, John B. Ramsay, Blanchard Randall, Thornton Rollins, Isaac H. Scates, John K. Shaw, Jr., R. Tynes Smith, Jr., Siegmund B. Sonneborn, John T. Stone, Douglas H. Thomas, Willard Thomson, J. Collin Vincent, Henry Walters, Edwin Warfield, Daniel Willard, Frederick W. Wood, Dr. Hugh H. Young. 61 CHAIRMEN AND VICE-CHAIRMEN OF COMMITTEES OF CENTENNIAL COMMISSION FIFTH REGIMFNT ARMORY RECEPTION COMMITTEE. J. Barry Mahool, Chairman; E. Clay Timanus, Martin Lehmayer, James McC. Trippe, Charles T. Crane, Rufus M. Gibbs, William H. Fehsenfeld, Colonel William G. Knapp, James Young, David G. Rosenheim, Colonel William A. Boykin, James R. Wheeler, S. Davies Warfield, William A. House, George W. Rife, Ruxton M. Ridgely, John K. Shaw, Jr., Charles E. Ford, Albert Ritchie, Charles England, John R. Hopwood, John H. Ferguson, Sidney 1 . Manning, Edward A. Walton, Frederick C. Schanberger, Robert Crain, Dr. Hugh H. "\'oung. General Felix Agnus, John M. Littig, George W. Hyde, Thomas J. Shryock, General N. Winslow Wil- liams, H. Wirt Steele, William H. Maltbie, Harry Roller, John F. Wilhelm, Charles F. Mengers, Joel G. Nassauer, William T. Moore, William J. Donnelly, Charles M. Cohn. John Robmette, James Preston, Charles E. Falconer, Oren H. Smith, George W. Knapp, Charles S. Flannery, J. Oscar Preston, Sigmund M. Goodman, I. Herbert Scales, Gamble Latrobe, Harrv J. Carroll, John G. Binford, D. Clifford Mansfield, Richard T. Baden, William F. Stone, William Woodward Cloud, George P. Thomas, John Chester Phillips, J. Albert Hughes, Patrick Brandy, John M. Wheeler, Joseph F. Brandy, Albion J. Corning, John J. Kelly, Jr., John P. Winand, Marshall George W. Padgett, George W. Squiggins, R. Gordon Dulaney, William V. Elder, Thomas C. Grove, James T. Vernay, Franklin E. Pentz, William Ganter, Ham- ilton G. Fant, Charles A. West, John M. Requardt, Alfred I. Hart, William D. Waxter, J. William McMullen, J. R. McGinnis, Albert H. Wehr, James P. Healey, Frank Bolton, Ferdinand Meyers, Patrick Flanigan, T. Mil- lard Burgess, Richard Bernard, William G. Bond, Elmer M. Beard, Shirley Carter, Robert L. Thornton, Francis Norris, Jr., William M. Herrman, Marcellus H. Goodrich, Captain Samuel J. Blight, Michael C. Winand, Colin McLean, David M. Newbold, A. J. Fmk, William F. Gettrust, John M. Hood, Jr., Joseph E. Quinn, T. E. Howard, W. Stewart Diffenderffer, Gustav Siegmund, Joseph Pipitone, Edmund Fleischman, William Pedrick, Jr., Charles M. Diffenderffer, 63 C .„. /^.. ^''<<" ■/•'•, ^/^ X^„„- ^ //. A,.,.. ^.^ ^,^, -c //. /. ..,./ // c ./.. /^ \'8VU © /. £. H. Port ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT sxii.^^P^rG'iED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^^V Abraham A. Hollander, Dr. Anton G. Rytina, Charles R. Diffenderffer, Lester Dowe, Herbert L. Ogier, R. E. Lee Hearn, John Pleasants, Major James W. Denny, D. Norris Kelly, General Charles Webb, William Burnett, Ezra Whit- man, Benno Kohn, Edward D. Jordan, Aaron Blumenthal, Thomas J. Wilson, Eugene L. Norton, Joseph F. Hindes, James R. Arminger, Charles Goldsborough, Lee S. Meyer, John H. Farrell, E. Skipworth Bruce, Archer H. Jarrett, David H. Stevenson, Harry F. Goldsborough, Samuel M. Buckman, Harry A. Orrick, Eugene Blackford, Andrew J. Dietrich, Key Compton, William P. Cummings, William A. Boykin, Jr., Charles S. Foster, Louis G. Gump, Lloyd L. Jackson, Ferdinand C. Dugan, Charles G. Baldwin, G. Schaifino, Adam Dupert, Christian Hax, Jerome H. Joyce, Jr., John L. Sanford, Dr. Charles S. Woodruff, A. J. Quinn. FLORAL AUTOMOBILE PARADE COMMITTEE. J. Albert Cassedy, Chairman; Joseph Askey, V ice-Chair- man; Charles Black, Robert L. Bledsoe, A. Guy Buffington, Edward J. Burns, James C. Callis, William H. Corriean, Samuel Crook, Dimarco Anthony, William Woodward Cloud, Albert E. Fuller, Peter J. Kelly, Frank M. Guethlein, Ed- ward Hanlon, Rowland M. Hill, Dr. James T, Hoge, John R. Hopwood, Adrian Hughes, James J. Keogh, August Klecka, James F. Klecka, James Kubant, Francis Laporte, John W. Marshall, Edward J. Meehan, Joseph G. Mitchell, Benjamin Nusbaum, Lewis J. Ramsburg, Dr. D. J. Reinhart, Joseph Salabes, Frederick C. Schanberger, John Schueler, Harry Schutz, Emil Skrabek, Jerome Strauss, John W. Sweigert, R. T. Turner, Leonard K. Weinberg, George M. Zapt, General A. Leo Knott, Eduard Quandt, Philip Herwig. A. W. Hinton, Henry Kolb. FORT McHENRY CEREMONIES COMMITTEE. Congressman J. Charles Linthicum, Chairman; United States Senator John Walter Smith, United States Senator Blair Lee, Congressman J. F. C. Talbott, Congressman Frank O. Smith, Congressman David J. Lewis, Congressman Charles P. Coady, Judge J. Harry Covington. 65 >t!?5p%1liED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce?i4?K M This banner, the largest battle flag in existence, measures 36 by 29 feet. It was made by Mrs. Mary Young Pickersgill and her two nieces. The material was cut at Mrs. Pickersgill's home, "No. 60 Albemarle Street, Old Town" (Pratt and Albemarle Streets, Baltimore), and carried to a nearby brew- ery, where it was sewed together. During the bombardment it was pierced by a number of shots. Recently the flag was restored at the National Museum, Washington, D. C, where it is considered one of the most precious possessions of that insti- tution. 66 1) )stA^^p%-^led OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^Svl FORT McHENRY MEMORIAL COMMITTEE. Secretary of War Lmdley M. Garrison, Chairman; United States Senator John V/alter Smith, Congressman J. Charles Linthicum, Mayor James H. Preston, A. Barneveld Bibbins, George Weems Williams. FRATERNAL ORDERS COMMITTEE. John M. Deponai, Chairman; Harry C. Grove, Vice- Chairman; Frederick A. Groom, Secretarv; Frank E. Pleitner, George W. Buchman, W. H. Carrigan, Judge William M. Dunn, Howard M. Emmons, Thomas K. Le Brou, Adolph J. Rentz, C. N. Steigelman, Alfred Turner, Clifton A. Pritchett. Harry S. Welch, William M. Keener, John G. Baker, George C Tracey, William M. Miller, Harry H. Mahool, Anthony Dimarco, Benjamin S. Applestein, Thomas J. Welsh, J. David Cordle, G. Hornet, Samuel A. Pitt, John I. Russell, George Pollety, Eugene M. Thomas, A. M. Geis- bert, William J. Heaps, Robert Earring, Joseph Hubbard, J. H. Farrell, E. E. Randle, Adolph Spamer. GENERAL RECEPTION COMMITTEE. Governor Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Chairman; Jesse D. Price, Vice-Chairman; General Felix Agnus, Judge James M. Ambler, Dr. Joseph S. Ames, J. Henry Baker, Joseph D. Baker, J. Kemp Bartlett, Charles J. Bonaparte, Mrs. Charles J. Bonaparte, Judge Carroll T. Bond, James A. C. Bond, A. Hunter Boyd, John B. Briscoe, Alexander Brown, Mrs. Alexander Brown, Arthur George Brown, Frank Brown, W. Cabell Bruce, Judge N. Charles Burke, Charles Carroll, Mrs. Charles Carroll, Dr. William Bullock Clark, Judge J. Harry Covington, Judge Walter I. Dawkins, Judge John J. Dobler, Judge Henry Duffy, Judge Thomas Ireland Elliott, Dr. Thomas Fell, George R. Gaither, James M. Garnett, Robert Garrett, Mrs. Robert Garrett, James A. Gary, James Cardinal Gibbons, Dr. Basil Gildersleeve, Mrs. Phillips Lee Goldsbor- ough, Arthur P. Gorman, Judge James P. Gorter, Dr. John F. Goucher, Robert P. Graham, Clayton C. Hall, John B. Hanna, Judge Henry D. Harlan, Emerson C. Harrington, W. Hall Harris, Thomas G. Hayes, Judge Charles W. 67 Wst;{.^^pTn^led official programme cJ^lS U. S. S. CONSTELLATION Launched at Baltimore, September 7, 1 797, this frigate is the oldest vessel in active service in the United States Navy. On February 9, 1 799, off Basse Terre, after a fierce fight, the "Constellation" captured the French frigate "L'Insurgente" ; in 1 802 she rendered valuable service during the war with Tripoli; bottled up in Norfolk harbor during the War of 1812, the vessel prevented the British from capturing the water defenses in that vicinity; during the Civil War she was sta- tioned in the Mediterranean to protect American commerce from privateers; from 1871 to 1888 and from 1890 to 1893, the "Constellation" was used to take the midshipmen from the United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, on their annual cruise; on May 22, 1894, she arrived at Newport, Rhode Island, where she was assigned to do duty as a receiv- ing ship; in 1914 Congress appropriated $50,000 to repair her and ordered that she be stationed at Baltimore during the National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Celebration. 68 -Jk^^pTNlkED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^^^V ( (i^ Heuisler, John Philip Hill, Dr. Jacob H. Hollander, Alcaeus Hooper, Dr. William H. Howell, Major George W. Hyde, William P. Jackson, Dr. Henry Barton Jacobs, Mrs. Henry Barton Jacobs, George C. Jenkins, Michael Jenkins, Dr. Howard Kelly, R. Brent Keyser, Dr. A. B. Kinsolving, Dr. H. E. Kirk, U. S. Senator Blair Lee, Brooke Lee, J. South- gate Lemmon, Eugene Levering, Congressman David J. Lewis, Congressman J. Charles Linthicum, Lloyd C. Howard, C. C. Magruder, J. Barry Mahool, William A. Marburg, Dr. E. B. Matthew, Dr. James Dudley Morgan, John T. Morris, Bishop John G. Murray, Judge Alfred S. Niles, Rev. Dr. Edwin B. Niver, John R. Pattison, James Alfred Pearce, Edgar Allan Poe, Mrs. James H. Preston, J. E. M. Raley, John B. Ramsey, Blanchard Randall, Dr. Ira Remsen, Judge John C. Rose, Rev. Dr. William Rosenau, T. Herbert Shriver, Thomas J. Shryock, Robert Poole Simpson, Congressman Frank O. Smith, U. S. Senator John Walter Smith, Thomas Smith, Rev. Dr. J. Ross Stevenson, Redmond C. Stewart, Judge Henry Stockbridge, William F. Stone, Dr. John Roach Straton, Issac Lobe Straus, Colonel Sherlock Swann, Judge Arthur H. Stump, Congressman J. F. C. Talbott, Jonathan K. Taylor, De Courcy W. Thom, William H. Thomas, E. Clay Timanus, James McC. Trippe, Hammond Urner, Murray Vandiver, Edwin Warfield, Mrs. Edwin W^arfield, Dr. Wil- liam H. Welch, George Whitelock, W. W. Willoughby, John F. Wilhelm, Peter R. Quinn, Dr. Charles S. Woodruff. HISTORICAL COMMITTEE. Mrs. A. Barneveld Bibbins, Chairman; Mrs. Lucy Meacham Thruston, V ice-Chairman; Mrs. Phillips Lee Golds- borough, Mrs. John Ridgely of Hampton, Mrs. J. M. Wren- sail, Mrs. W. F. Pentz, Mrs. Charles W. Bassett, Miss Vir- ginia W. Cloud, Miss Louise Maloy, Dr. A. H. Abel, Dr. Bernard C. Steiner, Colonel Richard H. Spencer, Allen S. Will, John Wilber Jenkins, Folger McKinsey, Louis H. Dielman, Wilbur F. Coyle, Mrs. John H. Adams, Miss Emily E. Lantz. HISTORICAL EXHIBITS COMMITTEE. Mrs. A. Barneveld Bibbins, Chairman; James E. Hancock, Chairman Mens Section; Members of the Historical Com- 69 MEMORIALS UNVEILED DURING CENTENNIAL WEEK Erected by Pupils of Public Schools J. Maxwell Miller, Sculptor Erected by National Society U. S. D. of 1812 Armistead Monument Hans Schuler. Sculptor Edward Berge, Sculptor srii^'SpTK'^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^Te'^^'^a mittee. Woman's Patriotic Committee, Woman's Committee and Francis B. Culver, Mrs. Julius Thruston, C. Orrin Painter, Frederick M. Colston, Dr. Geors-e Reuling, Major S. Johnson Poe, Charles S. Hayden, Harry R. Warfield, Dr. W. F. Pentz, Percy G. Skirven, Samuel A. Downs, Mrs. Charles W. Hatter. Mrs. George W. Sadtler, Mrs. Otis E. William- son, Mrs. Albert H. Homburg, Miss Elizabeth Y. Thompson, Miss Dove, Mrs. S. Johnson Poe, Miss Ada Hadel, Mrs. Edmund B. Luckett, Miss Mabel M. Young, Mrs. W. W. Guth. HISTORICAL PAGEANT COMMITTEE. Hans Schuler, Chairman; Edward Berge, V ice-Chair man; J. Maxwell Miller, Secrelarv; Thomas C, Corner, Irving Ward, Francis P. Wightman, Thomas J. Wentworth, W. Gordon Beecher. HOTEL ACCOMMODATIONS COMMITTEE. Jerome H. Joyce, Chairman; Harry Busick, V ice-Chair- man; John P. Doyle, Edward Davis, Issac E. Emerson, Fred- erick C. Schanberger, William H. Hager, John P. Nixon, John J. Kincaid. LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE. Governor Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Chairman; Jesse D. Price, I'ice-Chaiiman; James McC. Trippe, Peter J. Camp- bell, William Milnes Maloy, Carville D. Benson, Alexander B. Duke, Richard Smith Snader, Edward M. Hammond, William W. Beck, John Frank Harper, Lewis Morris Mil- bourne, Samuel Emmart, Benjamin Watkins, Jr. MEDICAL RELIEF COMMITTEE. Dr. George L. Wilkins, Chairman; Dr. John W. Cham- bers, Dr. Thomas R. Chambers, Dr. Thomas S. Cullen, Dr. Cecil M. Vest, Dr. William S. Baer, Dr. Alexius McGlannan, Dr. John D. Blake, Dr. Herbert C. Blake, Dr. George A. Hartman, Dr. Frank J. Kirby, Dr. Robert Parker Bay, Dr. Thomas J. O'Donnell, Dr. Joseph E. Gechner, Dr. John R. Abercrombie, Dr. Albert T. Chambers, Dr. G. C. Threine, Dr. Walter D. Wise. Dr. Archibald C. Harrison, Dr. D. Webster Cathell. Dr. John Staige Davis, Dr. William T. 71 sta^^pI^^d official programme ce^^MV Watson, Dr. George Heller, Dr. Archibald M. Shipley, Dr. Monroe A. Mass. Nurses' Auxiliary — Mrs. W. D. Hurst, Miss Elizabeth C. Lee, Miss Mary E. Lent. MILITARY' COMMITTEE. Adjutant-General Charles F. Macklin, Chairman; Briga- dier-General Charles D. Gaither, I 'ice-Chairman; General Henr\- M. Warfield, General Lawrason Riggs, General George F. Randolph, General Robert Garrett, General William D. GUI, General J. Kemp Bartlett, General Herbert Harlan, Gen- eral W. Bladens Lowndes, Colonel Clarence Deems, Colonel Charles A. Little, Colonel Louis M. Rawlins, Colonel Harry C. Jones, Colonel John Hinkley, Colonel William Whitndge, Colonel C. Wilbur Miller, Colonel John Pleasants, Lieutenant- Colonel Delamere Skerrett, Captain Ralph Robinson, Major Eric Bergland, Major Charles B. Ewing, Major George W. Hvde, Major Ernest A. Robbins, Jr., Captain G. Arthur Hadsell. MILITARY BALL COMMITTEE. General N. Winslow Williams, Chairman; George May, Vice-Chair man; Douglas H. Gordon, Treasurer; W. Irvine Keyser, Charles I. James, Albert D. Hutzler, R. Gordon Wil- liams, Albert C. Ritchie, James M. Thompson, S. Davies Warfield, Henr>- A. Parr, Jr., Frank Key Howard, W. Ewing Harsey, Douglas H. Thomas, Jr., Horatio L. Whit- ridge, Paul G. L. Hilken. MUNICIPAL PARADE COMMITTEE. William A. Larkins, Chairman; Major Joseph W. Shirley, Vice-Chair man; A. S. Goldsborough, 5ecre/arp; James F. Thrift, Dr. James M. Delevett, Members of Executive Com- mittee; John Hubert, Charles R. Whiteford, H. Kent McCav, Richard H. Johns, George Weems Williams, Jacob W. Hook, Daniel J. Loden, Moses N. Frank, Richard Gwinn, Wilbur F. Coyle, Eugene E. Grannan, Horace E. Flack, Dr. Nathan R. Gorter, Oscar F. Lackey, Clarence E. Stubbs, S. S. Field. Robert J. McCuen, R. Keith Compton. George T. Ame;-, Charles England, Raleigh C. Thomas, Robert L. Clemmitt. 72 CENTENNIAL W|4 MUSIC COMMITTEE. Frederick H. Gottlieb, Chairman; John Itzel, I ice-Chair- man and Director; Charles H. Bochau, Peter J. Campbell, Theodore Hemberger. F rederick R. Huber, John Klein, Josepn M. Mann, W. Edwin Motfett, John T. Morris. Captain R. Fuller Shryock. Hobart Smock, Edwin L. Turnbull, David S. Melamet. NATIONAL PATRIOTIC COMMITTEE. Mrs. Calvin F. Troupe, Chairman; John Cadwalader, Society of the W ar of 1812: Mrs. William Gerry Slade, United States Daughters of 1 8 I 2 ; S. Ballard Thruston. Sons of the American Revolution: Mrs. William Cumming Story, Daughters of the American Revolution: H. Edmund Wet- more, Sons of the Revolution: Mrs. Clarence L. Bleakley, Daughters of the Revolution : Winslow \\ arren. Society of the Cincinnati: Miss Julia Chester Wells, Daughters of the Cin- cinnati: Howland Pell. Colonial Wars: Mrs. Russin Cox, Colonial Dames : General Charles Lukens, Descendants of Signers: Colonel Ralph E. Prime, American Flag Associa- tion; Thomas S. Hopkins, Mayflower Society : George Norbury Mackenzie, Society of the Ark and Dove. NATIONAL SOCIETY U. S. D. OF 1812. Miss Powell, Missouri. Chairman; Mrs. Calvin F. Troupe, Maryland. Acting Chairnian; Mrs. William Gern,- Slade, New ^ork: Mrs. F. R. Jenne, Connecticut: Mrs. B. L. Whitney. Michigan: Mrs. W^hile, Illinois. NAWAL COMMITTEE. Captain Ralph Robinson, Chairman; L. S. Senator John W alter Smith, Congressman J. F. C. Talbott. Rear .Admiral "\'ates Stirling, Rear Admiral Daniel D. \'. Stewart. lohn Wilber Jenkins. H. W. C. Meyer. NEW ^ORK COMMITTEE. Colonel J. Frank Supplee, Chairman; J. W . Stanley, Sec- retary: Percy Heath, Lloyd D. Willis. J. C. Smith. Francis CENTENNIAL H. Dean, S. R. MacAllister. J. C. Fireman, Jack Priess, Carroll Sprigg, W. B. Davis, Percy Davidson, Jean T. Havez, N. L. Schloss. NORTH POINT AND FORT HOWARD COM- MITTEE. Lieutenant-Colonel Delamere Skerrett, Chairman; Thomas B. Todd, y ice-Chairman; Frederick Wood, William Stans- bury Gorsuch, J. H. K. Shanahan, Jr., Rev. J. S. L. Dulaney, Mrs. W. F. Pentz, Charles M. Snyder. PARADES COMMITTEE. Jerome H. Joyce, Chairman; John M. Deponai, Adjutant- General Charles F. Mackhn, Brigadier-General Charles D. Gaither, J. Albert Cassedy, John J. Hanson, Frank N. Hoen, William A. Larkins, William C. Ludwig, Hans Schuler, R. Keith Compton, H. Kent McCay. PATRIOTIC SOCIETIES COMMITTEE. Edwin Warfield, Chairman; Dr. James D. Iglehart, V ice- Chairman; Colonel Oswald Tilghman, Judge Henry Stock- bridge, Dr. Henry Barton Jacobs, Major George W. Hyde, George R. Gaither, George Norbury Mackenzie, W. Hall Harris, George Armistead, Alfred D. Bernard, Robert M. Levering, Edward F. Arthurs, Admiral Yates Stirling, Judge Thomas I. Elliott, John Appleton Wilson, Richard M. Duvall, James E. Hancock, Dr. Charles E. Sadtler, Ira H. Houghton, J. A. Webster Richardson, McHenry Howard, General William McDonald, Dr. Thomas Sears, William M. Hayden, DeCourcy Thom, Charles England, H. H. Macy Lee, John M. Dulaney, J. Custis Handy, W. James Heaps, 1 homas Hildt, George P. Nelson, B. B. Houser, Thomas M. Maynadier, Charles H. Dickey, J. J. Dennis, Ernest L. Robbins, Jr., J. M. Easter, John H. Stone, Josias Pennington, John B. Thomas, W. H. Maltbie, John H. Orem, Jr., Dr. W. P. E. Wyse, L. Wethered Barroll, Dr. Charles G. Hill, J. F. Supplee, Jr., S. A. Downs, Aubrey Pearre, Jr., Colonel B. F. Taylor, John E. Beatty, Alfred J. Carr, Charles L. 74 STAR-SPANGLED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME centennial 1 eale, Colonel George W. Vernon, Daniel R. Randall, Mrs. Emilie McKim Reed, Mrs. J. D. Iglehart, Mrs. Robert G. Hogan, Mrs. W. G. Bowdoin, Mrs. E. W. Hubbard, Mrs. Donald McLean, Miss Alice Key Blunt, Mrs. Edwin War- field, Mrs. Yates Stirling, Mrs. C. W. Bassett, Mrs. Albert L. Sioussat, Mrs. John Ridgely of Hampton, Mrs. Frank Onion, Mrs. J. Charles Linthicum, Mrs. Arthur Lee Bosley, Mrs. Henry Stockbridge, Miss M. Brandt, Mrs. Edwin Ship- pen, Miss Asnes Wahon, Mrs. Marshall Elliott, Mrs. John D. Wright, Mrs. Calvin F. Troupe, Mrs. J. H. Patton, Mrs. James Ridout, Mrs. Robert A. Welch, Mrs. Frances Markell, Mrs. Beverly Randolph, Mrs. Morris E. Croxall, Mrs. Samuel N. Barker, Mrs. William E. Morton, Mrs. J. W. Lord, Mrs. F. Focke, Mrs. E. W. Byrd, Mrs. Hester Dorsey Richardson, Mrs. L Wimbei-t Mohler, Miss Harriet Marine, Mrs. T. Harrison Garrett, Mrs. J. H. Buckingham, Mrs. Charles E. Rieman, Miss E. C. Williams. PUBLIC SCHOOLS COMMITTEE. Charles J. Koch, Chairman; A. J. Pietsch, Francis A. Soper, Robert W. Elliott, Joseph C. Hands, Rowland S. Watts, Ernest J. Becker, George M. Gaither, Edwin Hebdin, Mason A. Hawkins, Lieutenant William R. King, Frank A. Manny, Wilbur F. Smith, David E. Wegelein, Persis K. Miller, Annie F. North, Martha Stromberg, William James Wilkinson, William R. Flowers, Ephraim G. Gover, Laura V. Mainster, Blanche Reindollar, Jacob Grape, John A. Korff, Sarah A. McDevitt, Elizabeth A. Smyth, C. Bertram Feig, Mary E. Holmes, Frederick W. Miller, George A. Owens, Isabel Tudor. PUBLICITY COMMITTEE. Walter R. Hough, Chairman; Allen S. Will, V ice-Chair- man; E. Milton Altfeld, W. Oscar Anderson, J. Hampton Baumgartner, Joseph Y. Brattan, W. Dwight Burroughs, A. Joseph Coburn, E. J. Cox, Clarke J. Fitzpatrick, A. S. Golds- borough, Rev. Carlton D. Harris, Alfred I. Hart, Rev. Dr. John F. Heisse, Sigmund Hirsch, Edward Ingle, John Wilber Jenkins, William B. Kines, Ralph Lyon, John S. Owens, 75 J MsTJk^^P^'^N^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^1&:|( §| Philip B. Perlman, J. F. Preuss, Raleigh C. Smith, Robert E. Smith, Walter G. Schwab, Rev. Francis T. Tagg, August F. Trappe, Charles B. Weiss, Harold E. West, G. Franklin Wisner, Edward H. Pfund, William J. Malstrom. PYROTECHNIC COMMITTEE. Joseph Wiesenfeld, Chairman; A. H. Hecht, Vice-chair- man; James Preston, David N. Bacharach, Clarence J. Boyd, J. Hampton Baumgartner, William A. Eisenbrandt, Benjamin B. Long, Oscar F. Lackey, Francis A. Hyde, William J. Parker. RECEPTION COMMITTEE. Mayor James H. Preston, Chairman; John Hubert, Vice- chairman; Walter W. Abell, Matthew Page Andrews, W. O. Atwood, Joseph Bach, Edwin G. Baetjer, George P. Bagby, Colonel Joseph R. Baldwm, Max Behrens, John G. Binford, Hewett A. Beasley, J. Anton Bokel, R. Sanchez. Boone, Clarence G. Bouis, Samuel W. Bradford, Stephen D. Broadbent, Walter D. Brooks, Alexander Brown, Judge Myer J. Block, Francis K. Carey, W. Lee Carey, Robert H. Carr, Dr. Louis C. Carrico, William J. Casey, Wil- liam A. Casler, Dr. William W. Cherry, Congressman Charles P. Coady, J. Henry Cook, Benjamin W. Corkran, Jr., James M. Correll, Dr. J. Frank Crouch, Francis B. Culver, William P. Cummings, Colonel Albert B. Cunningham, Waddy G. Currin, Robert B. DeFord, Oregon M. Dennis, W. Stewart Diffenderffer, Frank G. Dorsey, Frank S. Dudley, John Fl. Dumler, Joseph Dunn, Judge William M. Dunn, Charles E. Eckes, John W. Edel, I . Howard Embert, Charles England, Thomas J. Ewell, Charles W. Field, William J. Flannery, Arthur D. Foster, Joseph C. France, Charles H. Frederick, William J. Frere, Jr., Judge Harry C. Gaither, Edgar H. Gans, Lewis De B. Gardiner, E. Stanley Gary, John S. Gibbs, Jr., Edward Guest Gibson, Albert S. Gill, M. Gillett Gill, Jr., General William D. Gill, Allen C. Girdwood, Harry P. Goldsborough, William G. Goldsborough, Louis Goldstone, Frank H. Gunther, B. Howard Haman, Charles F. Harley, Edward Hirsch, Frank N. Hoen, R. Curzon Hoffman, Charles C. Homer, James E. Hubbard, William A. Jones, 76 MsTX^P^yc'iED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^^^ Isaac I. Kemper, John E. Kennedy, Josiah A. Kinsey, Frank G. Kitchen, Charles H. Koppellman, James A. Latane, Mar- tin Lehmayer, J. Quitman Lovell, Ethan A. Lycett, William A. Marbury, Ferdinand A. Meyer, Lee S. Meyer, J. Henry Miller, J. Livingston Minnis, Alexander C. Nelson, Frank Novak, Joseph Packard, W. W. Preston, John M. Requardt, E. John W. Revell, Charles B. Roberts, David G. Rosen- heim, William Russell, Dr. William J. Rysanek, William B. Sanner, Arlie F. Saunders, Frederick C. Schanberger, J. Frank Smith, Raleigh C. Smith, Charles C. Stieff, Mur- ray Vandiver, George Weems Williams, Dr. Hugh Young, James Young, John H. Farrell, William F. Get^rust, S. S. Field, Charles S. Flannery, Charles T. LeViness, James T. O'Neill, R. Lee Hearn, Charles Newman, James H. Patton, Alexander L. Strauss, Peter R. Quinn, Edmund Hanlon, George W. Rife, Frank Phillips, Daniel J. Loden, William F. O'Connor, Thomas J. Madden, Harry Baugher, John J. Mahon, Jacob I. Rosenstein, Bernard Lee, Sewell Brown, Frederick Sucro, Robert J. Padgett, Max Ways, Henry Stein, Charles Roener, Joseph E. Quinn, Emanuel J. Goldsmith, Peter Whitney, Robert White, E. H. Ober, John R. Hopwood, Thomas C. Worthington, Jr., William A. Sailer, Jerome H. Joyce, Jr., William N. Towles, Dr. Charles S. Woodruff, John F. Wilhelm, Albion J. Corning, Charles F. Corning, Newell T. Stone, Gustave H. Nachman, Joseph F. Hindes, Joseph L. Smith, Dr. W. W. Guth. SCHOOL BOARD COMMITTEE. Dr. James M. Delevett, Chairman; Dr. Albert T. Cham- bers, Albert L. Fankhanel, Henry Joestmg, Jr., Richard J. Biggs, Colonel Clarence Deems. SPEAKERS' BUREAU COMMITTEE. Frederick Clement Weber, Chairman; John M. Wheeler, Vice-Chairman; William O. Atwood, A. Barneveld Bibbins, John H. Butler, Richard H. Bond, Edward J. Colgan, Frank A. O'Connell, Vincent J. Demarco, Dr. James M. Delevett, Oregon Milton Dennis, Charles T. Fardwell, Edwin J. Farber, A. S. Goldsborough, Dr. T. O. Heatwole, C. Morris Har- rison, R. E. Lee Hall, Frank N. Hoen, Edwin Higgins, 77 w ))5ta"r"^pTn"g'ied official programme ce^^^^^^ Charles Morris Howard, George D. Iverson, Jr., Paul Johann- sen, Charles J. Koch, Stephen C. Little, Robert E. Lee, Wil- liam S. Norris, William J. Ogden, Edwin L. Quarles, Daniel S. Sullivan, James McC. Trippe, Allen S. Will, Charles S. York. THEATRICAL COMMITTEE. Charles E. Ford, Chairman; William A. Albaugh, J. Albert Cassedy, Tunis F. Dean, John Dunn, Moses N. Frank, Edward Hanlon, Wilbur Kinsey, Charles F. Lawrence, Marion S. Pearce, Edward Renton, George W. Rife, Fred- erick C. Schanberger, Philip J. Scheck, J. Albert Young. TRANSPORTATION COMMITTEE. Herbert Sheridan, Chairman; George H. Campbell, George W. Squiggins, William E. Lowes, Gamble Latrobe, William Pedrick, Carl R. Gray, C. F. Stewart, William P. Turner, Key Compton, W. H. Tayloe, Willard Thom- son, Turnbull Murdock, P. Byrd Thompson, Edward D. Jordan, Paul Gessford, William A. House, William C. Ludwig, T. C. Cherry, J. J. Doyle, M. A. Tatum, Dr. H. M. Rowe, William H. Wardm, Orrick M. Chilton, Lacy H. Burgess, Norman M. Parrott, Thomas A. Cross. VISITING MERCHANTS' COMMITTEE. William B. Hurst, Chairman; Charles A. Falconer, Vice- chairman; Thomas O'Neill, Henry F. Baker, James M. Easter, Max Hochschild, David Hutzler, Franklin P. Cator, Moses Hecht, Louis K. Gutman, Edward K. Patterson, Alex- ander McLachlin, Samuel Rosenthal, Jr., Samuel I. Hamburger, Albert A. Brager, Summerfield Baldwin, Israel Rosenfeld, Siegmund B. Sonneborn, Herman Bernheimer, Leon Coblens, Abraham Eisenberg, Seligman J. Adler, Emanuel Strauss, Aaron Benesch, Michael Ambach, Solomon F. Miller, Elmore B. Jeffrey, Patrick Flanigan, Alvin Greif, Benjamin W. Corkran, Jr., Sigmund Gomprecht, George Gunther, Sanders J. Thalheimer, David G. Rosenheim, Louis P. Eisen- brey. Max Skulch, Hamilton G. Fant, Leon W. Himmel, 78 5ta^r^?pTn^led official programme ce^^^^^V William G. Rouse, Harrison J. Barrett, Robert F. Skutcii, M. Henry Witz, Simon A. Gusdorff, Moses Morris, Julius Goldenberg, William L. Straus, Frederick Bauernschmidt, Louis Kann, Captain Henry W. Bennett, Louis De B. Gardi- ner, Leonard Wertheimer, Roland Bolgiano, Alfred I. Hart. WOMAN'S COMMITTEE. Mrs. Edward C. Wilson, Chairman; Mrs. Albert L. Sioussat, Vice-Chair man; Mrs. John W. Brown, Mrs. Francis K. Carey, Miss Elizabeth M. Carroll, Mrs. Benjamin W. Corkran, Jr., Mrs. Lewis Dill, Mrs. Charles E. Ellicott, Mrs. T. Harrison Garrett, Mrs. A. S. Goldsborough, Miss L. May Haughwout, Mrs. Francis M. Jencks, Miss Margaret Leakin, Mrs. Robert E. Lee, Mrs. Daniel Miller, Mrs. Henry C. Miller, Mrs. James H. Preston, Mrs. Charles Rieman, Mrs. Ralph Robinson, Miss Alice Tiffany, Mrs. Chester Turnbull, Miss Mary E. Waring, Dr. Lillian Welsh, Miss Elizabeth Chew Williams, Mrs. John S. Wilson, Mrs. Lucy Meacham Thruston, Mrs. George Huntingdon Williams. In response to an invitation issued by Mayor James H. Preston, President of the Centennial Commission, the follow- ing persons were named to represent their respective States and Cities at Baltimore during Centennial Week, and are HONORARY MEMBERS of the Commission: ALABAMA. Representing the State — Governor Emmet O'Neal, Congressman Oscar W. Underwood, Colonel Francis G. Cof- fey, Mrs. S. H. Dent, Jr., Washington, D. C. ; Mrs. J. V. Allen, Birmingham; Miss Maud McLure Kelly, Birmingham; A. R. Lauderdale, Goodwater; J. H. Wallace, LaFayette; Dr. Goodwin DuBose, Selma ; Gen. John H. Peebles, Moores- ville; W. J. Jordan, Elrod; J. H. Price, May; Robert R. Zell, Birmmgham. ALASKA. Representing the Territory — Governor J. F. A. Strong, Delegate Jarnes Wickersham, Senator Henry Roden, S. Hall Young, New York; Senator Elwood Bruner, Senator L. V. Ray, Senator Conrad Freeding. 79 ftsTiJ^^^pTN-^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^-^^J^^V ( (f ARIZONA. Representing the State — Governor George W. P. Hunt, U. S. Senator Henry F. Ashurst, Mrs. Henry F. /\shurst, Congressman Carl Hayden, Mrs. Carl Hayden, W. G. f^artranft, Phoenix. CALIFORNIA. Representing Oakland — Mayor Frank K. Mott, Mrs. C. J. Waterhouse, Mrs. George C. Codding, Charles E. Keyes, P. M. Fisher, F. S. Rosseter, Roscoe D. Jones. Representing Sacramento — M. J. Burke, President City Commission; Congressman C. F. Curry, Rev. William Hughes, C. M. Goethe, E. W. Hale. Major S. W. Kay, Dr. G. C. Simmons. Representing San Diego — Mayor Charles F. O'Neall, J. W. Sefton, Jr., Frank A. Frye, W. M. Herbert, M. T. Gilmore. COLORADO. Representing the State — Governor Elias M. Am- mons; Mrs. John F. Shafroth, Washington, D. C. ; Mrs. Edward T. Taylor, Washington, D. C. ; Mrs. Charles S. Thomas, Washington, D. C. ; Lawrence C. Phipps, Denver; Dr. R. G. Corwin, Pueblo; Wardner Williams, Denver. CONNECTICUT. Representing the State — Governor Simeon E. Bald- win, Morris B. Beardsley, Bridgeport; Gen. Edwin S. Greeley, New Haven; Dr. Walter R. Steiner, Hartford; James S. Hemingway, New Haven ; Miss Helen E. Chase, Waterbury. Representing Bridgeport — Mayor Clifford B. Wil- son, L. B. Curtis, Patrick Kane, A. B. Beers, John A. Leonard, James H. Crossley, Michael E. Griffin. Representing Hartford — Mayor Louis R. Cheney, Congressman Augustine Lonergan, Meigns H. Whaple, Francis B. Allen, Charles W. Newton, Edward C. Frisbie, Dr. G. C. F. Williams, William Bro Smith, Francis R. Cooley, M. Lewin Hewes. Representing New Haven — Mayor Frank A. Rice, P.dward A. Harriman, James S. Hemingway, Livingston W. Cleaveland, Charles J. Anderson. 80 5Til.^^pTN^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME DELAWARE. ?§ Representing the State — Governor Charles R. Mil- ler, Gen. James H. Wilson, Wilmington; Judge Henry C. Conrad, Georgetown; William H. Heald, Wilmington; Mayor Harrison W. Howell, Wilmington; Frank J. Williams, Wil- mington; Judge George Gray, Judge James Pennewill. FLORIDA. Representing Jacksonville — Mayor Van C. Swear- ingen, U. S. Senator N. P. Bryan, Congressman Emmett Wil- son, Pensacola; Congressman Claude L'Engle, Mayor A. W. Corbett, St. Augustine; J. C. Privett. GEORGIA. Representing Atlanta — Mayor J. G. Woodward, U. S. Senator Hoke Smith, Congressman William Schley Howard. HAWAII. Representing Territory — Governor L. E. Pinkham, Ex-Governor Sanford B. Dole, Ex-Governor George B. Car- ter, Ex-Governor Walter F. Frear, P. C. Jones, Mayor J. J. Fern. IDAHO. Representing the State — Governor John M. Haines, Mrs. Clair Southworth, Buhl; Mrs. Delia B. Willis, Lewis- ton; Mrs. Carrie Taylor, Twin Falls; Mrs. L. M. Nesbit, Blackfoot; Mrs. George Chittenden, Coeur d'Alene. ILLINOIS. Representing the State — Governor Edward F. Dunne, Bruce Campbell, East St. Louis; Ben Caldwell, Chatham; C. N. Wheeler, Chicago; James Edgar Brown, Chicago; Captain O. W. Wallace, Chicago; John M. Stahl, Chicago. Representing Rockford — Mayor William W. Ben- nett, Mrs. p. A. Peterson, A. Thorsten Lindgren. Miss Julia C. Gulliver, Burrell B. Treat, Robert Lathrop, John H. Nat- trass. 81 te 3tJ^^^pTn^led official programme ce^4'^^^V(( | Representing Springfield — Mayor John S. Schnepp, Congressman James M. Graham, Logan Hay, Judge J. Otis Humphrey, Hugh S. Magill. INDIANA. Representing the State — Governor Samuel L. Rals- ton, Congressman Martin A. Morrison, Dr. William L. Bryan, Bloomington; Dr. Harry A. King, Moores Hill; Meredith Nicholson, Indianapolis; Major George V. Menzies, Mt. Vernon. IOWA. Representing the State — Governor George W. Clarke, Robert Kissick, Oskaloosa; Congressman H. M. Towner, Corning; Congressman G. N. Haugen, Northwood; W. P. Dawson, Aurelia; Julius Rohwer, Ida Grove. Representing Council Bluffs — Mayor Thomas Maloney, H. W. Bmder, Gen. G. M. Dodge, Judge Walter I. Smith, E. A. Wickham, J. J. Hughes. Representing Des Moines — Mayor James R. Hanna, Z. C. Thornburg, Miss Frances Wright, Frank Nagel, Holmes Cowper, Dr. M. L. Bartlett. KANSAS. Representing the State — Governor George H. Hodges, U. S. Senator Wm. H. Thompson, Congressman Dudley Doolittle, Congressman John Connelly, Charles Knabb, Hiawatha; Miss Maggie Dornblaser, Fredonia. Representing Kansas City — Mayor C. W. Green, Col. L. C. True, H. C. Herrick, E. F. Heisler, Mrs. Nettie M. F. Nason, Mrs. L. W. Leplmger. KENTUCKY. Representing the State — Governor James B. Mc- Creary, George C. Webb, Lexington; Thomas A. Combs, Lexington; John W. Holland, Shelbyville; Charles P. Weaver, Louisville; James M. Lang, Paducah. Representing Covington — Mayor George E. Phillips, William A. Byrne, Henry Berndt, U. J. Howard, Albert EJoehmer, Lew L. Applegate, Edwin P. Morrow. 82 -^'^5pTn^led official programme cESi4?S5V (§) LOUISIANA. Representing the State — Governor Luther E. Hall, Clarence J. Rodgers, New Orleans; W. J. Hennesey, New Orleans; Philip Arras, New Orleans; S. W. Martien, Water- proof; J. E. Clayton, Vidalia; George W. Smith, Rayville; W. O. Hart, New Orleans. Representing New Orleans — Mayor Martin Behr- man, U. S. Senator J. R. Thornton, U. S. Senator Joseph E. Ransdell, Congressman Albert Estopinal, Congressman H. Garland Dupre. MAINE. Representing the State — Governor William T. Haines, Adjutant-General Greenlaw, Augusta; Ray P. Eaton, Brunswick; Col. Frank M. Hume, Houlton; Col. William O. Peterson, Portland; L. L. Hooker, Bath; S. C. Stetson, Greene; George D. Bisbee, Rumford Falls. MASSACHUSETTS. Representing Lawrence — Mayor Michael A. Scan- Ion, Rev. George E. Lovejoy, Rev. James T. O'Reilly, Miss Bertha Macurdy, Charles E. Bradley, C. J. Corcoran. Representing New Bedford — Mayor Charles S. Ashley, Thomas W. Cook, George N. Allen, Allen F. Wood, Henry W. Mason, John L. G. Mason. Representing Springfield — Mayor John A. Denison, Kurt R. Sternberg. MICHIGAN. Representing the State — Governor Woodbridge N. Ferris, Junius E. Beal, Ann Arbor; George G. Jenkins, Big Rapids; Mrs. James M. Turner, Lansing; Mrs. Marie B. Ferrey, Lansing. Representing Detroit — Mayor Oscar B. Marx, Col. Samuel E. Pittman, Capt. Henry M. Alger, James Vernor. Representing Lansing — Mayor J. Gottlieb Reutter, William Donovan, Mrs. William Donovan, A. R. Hardy, Judge R. H. Person, J. H. Moores, Mrs. J. H. Moores. S3 ft^TJi^'^^pA'^^^i-HD OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^^V( (1^ MINNESOTA. Representing the State — Governor Adolph O. Eber- hart, Gideon S. Ives, St. Paul; S. R. Van Sant, Minneapolis; W. C. Edgar, Minneapolis; J. F. Calhoun, Minneapolis; Judge Ell Torrence, Minneapolis; Levi Longfellow, Minne- apolis; Major W. H. Harries, Minneapolis; H. A. Castle, St. Paul; William Nixon, Farmington; S. H. Franklin, Min- neapolis. Representing Minneapolis -— Mayor Wallace G. Nye. Dr. W. C. Boteler, S. H. Bowman, B. C. Bowman, Col. W. p. Cockey, Joseph L. Root, Mrs. James W. Sweel, Con- gressman James A. Manahan, Congressman George R. Smith, James Gray, Capt. C. A. Warren, Frederick Kees, George W. Wenzel, B. R. Coppage. Representing St. Paul — Mayor Herbert P. Keller, James D. Denegre, Phil W. Herzog, William Canby, William E. Carson, Clifford A. Taney, Harry C. Huston, Wm. Trczulny, John P. Walsh, Congressman F. C. Stevens, Arthur J. Stobbart, Edward Fitzgerald. MISSOURI. Representing the State — Governor Elliott W. Major, Judge O'Neil Ryan, P. C. Scanlon, Benjamin Altheimer, Judge S. P. Spencer, Capt. Robert McCullough, H. N. Davis, Dr. A. E. Bostwick. W. C. Maffltt, M. L. Wilkinson, E. K. Ludington, Charles A. Stix, M. C. Jones, Frederick D. Gardi- ner — all of St. Louis. Representing St. Joseph — Mayor Elliot Marshall, James H. McCord, H. K. White, Carroll Connett, Milton Tootle, Lawrence O. Weakeley, A. E. Martin, Charles D. Morris, Louis T. Golding, Frank M. Atkinson, Alden B. Swift, Adolph Goerman, Edward L. Hart, J. C. Hedenberg, Alfred Meier, Dr. R. Willman, Samuel L. Mother. Representing St. Louis — Mayor Henry W. Kiel, Capt. Henry King, C. Porter Johnson, Stephen Wagner, Dr. F. W. Veninga, Rev. Samuel L. Niccols, William R. Hodges, Judge Selden P. Spencer, Lee Merriweather, Congressman L. C. Dyer, Tom L. Johnson, Dr. John C. Mortit. 84 MONTANA. Representing the State — Governor Samuel V. Stuart, A. I. Reeves, Helena; Charles C. Cohan, Butte; Ward H. Nye, Billings; Frank H. Johnson, Kalispell ; Dr. A. W. Deal, Lewistown. NEBRASKA. Representing the State — Governor John H. More- head, Edmund Erb, Lincoln; J. C. Seacrest, Lmcoln ; R. W. McGinnis, Lincoln. Representing Omaha — Mayor James C. Dahlman, Congressman C. O. Lobeck, U. S. Senator G. M. Hitchcock, J. H. Hanley, H. Driscoll, Dr. C. C. Allison, John T. Yates, Thomas F. Quinlan, Lee W. Kennard. NEVADA. Representing the State — Governor Tasker L. Oddie, U. S. Senator Francis G. Newlands, U. S. Senator Key Pitt- man, Congressman Edward E. Roberts, W. A. Massey, Reno; Hugh H. Brown, Tonopah. NEW JERSEY. Representing the State — Governor James F. Fielder, John Leonard Merrill, East Orange; Walter Taylor, Asbury Park; Samuel C. Cowart, Freehold; Charles M. Lum, Chatham; Cooper B. Hatch, Camden. Representing Atlantic City — Mayor William Rid- dle, Commissioner Harry Bacharach, Commissioner William H. Bartlett, Commissioner Albert Beyer, Commissioner J. B. Thompson, Commissioner Alfred H. Heston. Representing Trenton — Mayor Frederick W. Don- nelly, Col. Edward Fox, Rev. Charles Elder, George A. Bennett, William Ossenberg, James W. Totten, John D. Wil- liams, J. Wiggins Thorn, Capt. Joseph R. Durell, William L. Vandewater, Warren M. Erwin, George H. Poulson, John Reeger, Herbert Williams, August K. Hendley, Ezra T. Beers, James Loyne, William H. Miers, George McFarland, Jonus Fuld, Frank Weeden, Patrick F. McManus, William L. Doyle, Edwin Fitzgeorge, Col. E. C. Stahl, William J. Backes, Thomas Doudiken, Harry J. Stout. 85 | ^)5t.^^^pTn^led official programme ce^^^^^V NEW MEXICO. Representing the State — Governor William C. Mc- Donald, Atanacio Montoya, Albuquerque; Joseph Hofer, Tucumcari; W. A. Poore, Carlsbad; Miss Isabella Eckles, Silver City; Miss Josie Lockard, Raton. NEW YORK. Representing Mt. Vernon — Mayor Edwin W. Fiske, Mrs. Joseph S. Wood, Mrs. Herbert Gresham, Miss Suzanne Stone, Erskine Van Houten, Daniel W. Whitmore, Edson Levs^is, Mark D. Stiles, Dr. Thomas F. Goodwin, Morris S. Herrman, Francis Scott Key, 3rd. Representing Troy — Mayor Cornelius F. Bums, Wal- ter p. Warren, Edward W. Douglas, William J. Roche, William W. Loomis, John J. Hartigan, William B. Frear. Representing Utica — Mayor James D. Smith, J. Francis Day, Michael F. Kelly, Frederick J. Bowne, Peter Crowe, Otto A. Meyer, Frederick H. Hazard, Mrs. Francis W. Roberts, Mrs. G. Fred Ralph. NORTH CAROLINA. Representing the State — Governor Locke Craig, Col. Benenehan Cameron, Staggville; Mrs. Lindsey Patterson, Winston-Salem; Frank B. Dancy, Baltimore, Md. ; Miss Lida Rodman, Washington, D. C. ; Miss Sue Tate, Morganton. NORTH DAKOTA. Representing the State — Governor L. B. Hanna, A. T. Crowl, Dickenson; C. H. Shields, Edgely; Joseph P. Hess, Mandan; George J. Helming, Mott; H. Hallenberg, Carson; Rev. W. W. Keltner, Williston; Walter R. Reed, Amenia; C. O. Geibel, Pleasant Lake; R. A. Stuart, Minnewaukon. OHIO. Representing the State — Governor James M. Cox, Leslie C. Curley, Portsmouth; Charles T. Greve, Cincinnati; A. M. Woolson, Toledo; Edward A. Haffner, Cincinnati; Prof. Isaac J. Cox, Cincinnati; John Weld Peck, Cincinnati; Charles F, Brush, Cleveland; John N. Stockwell, Cleveland; William F. Pierce, Gambier; H. E. Buck, Delaware. 86 CENTENNIAL ' Representing Akron — Mayor Frank W. Rockwell, C. M. Linthicum, Mrs. Blanche Braddock Cramer. Representing Cleveland — Mayor Newton D. Baker, Capt. Otto Miller, Major Frank E. Bunts, Capt. Levi T. Schofield, Dr. A. B. Meldrum, Mrs. C. B. Tozier, Major Charles R. Miller. PENNSYLVANIA. Representing the State — Governor John K. Tener, Mayor Rudolph Blankenburg, Philadelphia; Mayor Joseph G. Armstrong, Pittsburgh; Mayor Edmund B. Jermyn, Scran- ton; Mayor Frank B. McClain, Lancaster; Mayor Ira W. Stratton, Reading; Mayor John K. Royal, Harrisburg; Mayor W. J. Stern, Erie. Representing Harrisburg — Mayor John K. Royal, William W. Jennings, George B. Tripp, Vance C. McCor- mick, Prof. E. C. Decevee, E. Z. Gross, George A. Hutman, Miss Carrie Pearson, Thomas M. Jones. Representing Philadelphia — Mayor Rudolph Blankenburg; John W. Jordan, Michael Murphy, William H. Hollar, Dr. Edgar Fahs Smith, John Walton. Representing Pittsburgh — Mayor Joseph G. Arm- strong, Erasmus Wilson, H. M. Landis, Dr. S. B. Linhart, Thomas J. Hawkins, David P. Black, Omar S. Decker, Major R. M. Ewing, John E. Potter, Wm. H. Stevenson. Representing Reading — Mayor Ira W. Stratton, Eugene Hendricks, Capt. F. M. Yeager, Irvin F. Smith, James M. Kase, Charles T. Davis, George Gregory. RHODE ISLAND. Representing the State — Governor A. J. Pothier. U. S. Senator Henry F. Lippitt, U. S. Senator LeBaron B. Colt, Congressman George F. O'Shaunnessy, Congressman Peter Goelet Gerry, Congressman Ambrose Kennedy. SOUTH CAROLINA. Representing the State — Governor Cole L. Blease, Rev. J. Walter Daniel, D.D., Charleston; Rev. J. S. Moffatt, 87 m) 5tI{.^^pTn^led official prograjvime ce^^^?^^v D.D., Due West; Rev. Thomas J. Hegarty, Columbia; Rev. A. G. Voigt, D.D.. Columbia; Rev. C. C. Brown, D.D., Sumter. SOUTH DAKOTA. Representing the State — Governor F. Byrne, R. H. Angell, Aberdeen; Doane Robinson, Pierre; N. E. Franklin, Deadwood; H. K. Warren, Yankton. TENNESSEE. Representing the State — Governor Ben W. Hooper, Mrs. Louise McCrory Spencer, Nashville; Leland Hume, Nashville; Mrs. W. B. Romine, Pulaski; Mrs. A. H. Buch- anan, Memphis; Mrs. George W. Baxter, Knoxville; Mrs. C. B. Wallace, Nashville. Representing Chattanooga — Mayor T. C. Thomp- son, Congressman John A. Moon, L. G. Walker, W. H. Smith, Mrs. Frances Fort Brown, F. L. Underwood, Thomas Clarkson Thompson, Jr. TEXAS. Representing the State — Governor O. B. Colquitt, Congressman J. P. Buchanan, Congressman Joe H. Eagle, Congressman Martin Dies, Congressman John N. Garner, Congressman George F. Burgess. VIRGINIA. Representing the State — Governor Henry C. Stuart, Col. J. B. Baylor, Washmgton, D. C. ; Col. John D. Letcher, Norfolk; James B. Botts, Roanoke; Major T. M. Wortham, Richmond; Gen. B. D. Spilman, Warrenton. WASHINGTON. Representing the State — Governor Ernest Lister, Mrs. E. A. Shores, Tacoma. Representing Seattle — Mayor Hiram C. Gill, Con- gressman James W. Bryan, Congressman William E. Hum- phrey, Adj. -Gen. Fred Llewellyn, Capt. Byron Phelps, Ivan L. Blair, Charles H. Winders, Mrs. Rhoda M. Moss, Dr. 88 st^^^pTnIIled official programme cE^-^^?i^(l^|/] Mary B. Martin, Dr. Cora Smith King, Mrs. Rosamond S. Densmore, J. O. Rockwell, Dr. Samuel J. Holmes, Miss FJizabeth J. Virtue, Mrs. G. H. Appleton, Miss Sadie Johns, Dr. Clarence Smith. WEST VIRGINIA. Representing Wheeling — Mayor H. L. Kirk, Col. H. M. Kimberland, Baird Mitchell, George Baird, B. W. Peterson, A. T. Hupp, Dr. H. P. Linsz, Dr. J. L. Dickey, John H. Rennard, B. S. Henerker, A. S. List. WYOMING. Representing the State — Governor Joseph M. Carey, U. S. Senator Francis E. Warren, U. S. Senator C. D. Clark, Congressman Frank W. Mondell. 89 ImIst^^^^p^Xled official programme CENTENNIAL EVENTS OF THE WEEK SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 6th. A.M. Services in all the churches. "Patriolisni'^ to be the theme. 4 P. M. DRUID HILL PARK. Combined Concert by the City Park Band and the United German Singers of Baltimore. Frederick H. Gottlieb, Chair- man of Music Committee. Conductors: John Itzel, Daniel Feldman, John Klein. 1 . March, "Slav" Tschail(on)skv Invocation Pastor Julius Hofmann 2. Prayer of Thanksgiving Kremser 3. Overture, "Jubilee" Weber 4. Chorus, "This is the Day of Our Lord" Kreutzer 5. Cornet Solo, "The Lost Chord" Sullivan Mr. Daniel Feldmann. 6. Chorus, "The Day of Roses" Spicier 7. Scenes from "Rienzi" Wagner 8. Pilgrims' Chorus from Tannhauser Wagner 9. Grand American Fantasie Herbert THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER. Benediction Rev. Dr. William Rosenau 8 P. M. General illumination of City. MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 7th. 9 A.M. PATAPSCO RIVER, OFF FORT McHENRY. Arrival of the U. S. S. Constellation (launched at Balti- more, September 7, 1 797, and the oldest vessel in active service 90 WaTr ^pAycVED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ceI^^I^ W in the U. S. Navy), accompanied by a fleet of warships, rep- resenting each type in the Navy, from the old frigate to the modern super-dreadnaught Texas. Cruisers, destroyers, sub- marines, monitors, gunboats and other craft will be in line. The ships will be open to visitors daily. Captain Ralph Robin- son, Chairman of Naval Committee. 9 A. M. PEABODY ART GALLERIES, Mt. Vernon Place and Washington Place. Opening of Historical Exhibit. Address by Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. Mrs. A. Barneveld Bib- bins, Chairman, Historical Committee. 9 A. M. PATAPSCO RIN'ER, OFF FERRY BAR. MIDDLE STATES REGATTA ASSOCIATION. Twenty-fifth Annual Regatta, under the auspices of the Patapsco Navy of Baltimore, in conjunction with the National Star-Spangled Banner Centennial Commission. R. E. Lee Williamson, Chairman, Regatta Committee. LIST OF RACES. 1. Junior Single Sculls. 10. Inlerniediate Quadruple Sculls. 2. Intermediate Single Sculls. 11. Senior Quadruple Sculls. 3. ^Association Senior Single Sculls. 12. Junior Four-Oared Gig. 4. Senior Single Sculls. 13. Intermediate Four-Oared Gig. 5. Junior Double Sculls. 14. Senior Four-Oared Shell. 6. Intermediate Double Sculls. 15. Senior Four-Oared Shell ( 1 40- 7. Senior Double Sculls. lb. Class). 8. 'Senior Double Sculls (i40-lb. 16. Junior Eight-Oared Shell. Class). 17. Intermediate Eight-Oared Shell. 9. Junior Quadruple Sculls. 18. Senior Eight-Oared Shell. ALL RACES SHALL BE ONE MILE STRAIGHTAWAY. ^The Association Single is open only to Scullers who have never won a Senior Single Race. "The Senior Double Scull is open to men who weigh 140 pounds or less. "The Senior Four-Oared Shell is only open to men who weigh 140 pounds or less. Note. — Men in the MO-pound Class must weigh in on morning of the race. 91 jMlsrik^^P^^G'iED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME CENTENNIAL 9 A. M. MOOSE CLUB HOUSE, 410-412 West Fayette Street. Supreme Council Meeting. Club House will be open to the public until noon. 10 A. M. CIVIC AND INDUSTRIAL PARADE. Route — Form on South Broadway, Broadway to Chase street, to Gay street, to Lexington street, to Holliday street, passing Reviewing Stand, to Baltimore street, to Howard street, to Monument street, to Cathedral street, to Mt. Royal avenue, to North avenue, to Fulton avenue, to Baltimore street. Frank N. Hoen, Chairman; Dr. A. R. L. Dohme, Vice- Chairman, Civic and Trades Organizations Committee. Industrial Floats— First Prize, $250.00; Second Prize, $150.00. Decorations on Floats— First Prize, $250.00; Second Prize, $150.00. Industrial Groups— First Prize, $150.00; Second Prize, $100.00. The awards will be given in money or plate, at the option of winners. JUDGES. General Felix Agnus, Colonel Sherlock Swann, J. Barry Mahool. The Judges will be stationed on the Reviewing Stand, City Hall. FORMATION. Chief Marshal — Frank N. Hoen. Aides — Captain John C. Cockey, Lieutenant R. G. L. Heslop, Lieutenant Charles H. Wisner, Frederick Clement Weber, John M. Wheeler, William Ganter, John H. Robin- ette, William A. McCleary, Charles Garner, Jr., H. L. Scott, George D. Iverson, Jr., Charles W. Sloan, John Sonderman, Redmond C. Stewart, W. Stewart Diffenderffer, A. S. J. Owens, Harry A. Lerch, Members of Troop "A" Maryland National Guard. INDUSTRIAL DIXISION FLOATS. Standard Oil Co., Martin Wagner & Co., Maryland Ice 92 Cream Co., John B. Hurtt & Son, The Cabell Company, Wil- liam B. McCadden & Co., McCormick & Co., The Lauer & Suter Company, The Manchester Cigar Co., J. P. Cunning- ham Poultry Co., H. J. Gettemeuller & Co., Isaac Benesch & Sons, The Darby Candy Co., McShane Bell Foundry Co., John A. Gebelin, Kingan Provision Co., J. T. Lewis & Bros. Co., S. T. Edel & Sons, Jenkins Provision Co., The Fleisch- mann Company, The Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co., Sharp & Dohme, W. G. Scarlett & Co., Charles M. Stieff, Swindell Bros., John E. Hurst & Co., The Bartlett-Hayward Company, Little Joe Wiesenfeld, The George Franke Sons Co., E. Rosenfeld & Co., The William Wilkens Company, Goldstrom Bros., Dietrich Bros., The American Belting Co., William Boucher & Son, Maryland Casualty Co., The Crown Cork & Seal Co., Leonhardt Wagon Mfg. Co., A. Hoen & Co., Baugh & Sons Co., George Brehm & Son, Bernheimer Bros., Jenkins & Jenkins, Maryland Institute, El Dallo Cigar Mfg. Co., Probo Poultry Farm, J. F. Wiessner & Sons Brew- ing Co., Gardiner Dairy Co., Hendler Ice Cream Co., S. J. Van Lill Co., National Enamel & Stamping Co., William A. Tuerke, The J. E. Smith Co., F. X. Ganter Co., The Balti- more Cooperage Co., C. D. Kenny Co., Knight Tire Co., Red C. Oil Mfg. Co., George Bloome & Son, Emerson Drug Co., Read Drug & Chemical Co., Piel Construction Co., Balti- more Bargain House, United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co., The Gas & Electric Co., The Singer Sewing Machine Co., Wernig Moving & Hauling Co., Briddell Transfer Co., Mary- land School for the Blind, Hirschberg Art Co., Morgan Mill- work Co., Neudecker Tobacco Co., Coca-Cola Co., Dread- naught Tire & Rubber Co., Frank Steil Brewing Co. CIVIC DIVISION. Marshal — John H. Ferguson. Aides — John Banz, Frank Pollock. FLOATS. Baltimore Federation of Labor, Ancient and Honorable Mechanical Co., Patternmakers' Union, Mechanical Stage Workers' Association, Bakers' Local No. 209, Bookbinders Local No. 44, Patternmakers' Union, Just Government League, Bohemian Athletic Club, Loyal 7 emperance Legion. 93 stji^^^pTn^led official programme CE^-^^&;{(19 ORGANIZATIONS. Ancient and Honorable Mechanical Co., Baltimore Federa- tion of Labor, Central Labor Union of Washington, D. C. ; Central Labor Union of York, Pa. ; Hair Spinners' Local No. 12,353, Bakers' Local No. 209, Typographical Local No. I I, Typographical Local No. 12, United Garment Workers of America, Stone Pavers' Local No. 20, Longshoremen Local No. 827, Longshoremen Local No. 828, Longshoremen Local No. 829, Patternmakers, Brew Workers Local No. 8, Crown Cork & Seal Workers, International Association of Machinists, Hoisting Engineers Local No. 37, Carpenters, Painters & Decorators Local No. 1 , Electrical Workers, Paperhangers Local No. 295, Structural Iron Workers Local No. 16, Retail Clerks, Steam Engineers Local No. 272, Iron Molders Local No. 19, Plumbers & Gasfitters Local No. 48, Bindery Women of Baltimore, Women's Trade Union League, Coopers Local No. 32, Butchers Local No. 90, Musicians Local No. 40, Lithographers Local No. 1 8, Upholsterers Local No. 101, Upholsterers Local No. 104. SUFFRAGE DIVISION. Marshals — Miss L. C. Trax, Mrs. Spencer Heath, Mrs. Charles J. Keller. POSTOFFICE DIVISION. Marshal — Colonel Charles A. Rotan. Aides — Captain D. Bennett, Captain E. Giles, Captain T. R. Bailey, Captain M. Ennis, Captain J. R. Boyd, Captain J. Holmes, Captain H. Marr, Captain T. Bennett, Captain J. H. Lurz, Captain R. D. Wolford, Captain R. L. Reamy, Captain W. Gess. Color-bearers — G. W. Fox, L. Fox. Marchers — Four hundred members of Oriole Branch No. I 76, National Association of Letter Carriers. 10 A. M. ODD fellows' HALL, Cathedral and Saratoga Streets. Opening Session of the Sixth Annual Convention of the Fraternal Order of Orioles. Address by Supreme President Frederick J. Seams, Buffalo, New York. 94 WsTr^pTN^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^-^^^^^al ( W 2 p. M. MOOSE CLUB HOUSE. Initiation of five hundred Moose under the direction of the Supreme Council. 3 P. M. HOTEL KERNAN. Visiting members of the Fraternal Order of Orioles, as guests of Baltimore Nest, will leave for a trolley ride and sight- seeing trip. 4 P. M. MOOSE CLUB HOUSE. Reception to visiting Moose from the States of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, District of Columbia and Maryland. 4 P.M. PRATT STREET, WEST OF LIGHT STREET. Unveiling of Tablet to mark the site of the first Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Station, the first in America, where the first telegraph message was received; also to mark the spot where the first survey of Baltimore Town was begun, January 12, 1 730. 4 P.M. WEST END PARK. Industrial Celebration under the auspices of the Baltimore Federation of Labor. 4 P. M. RIVER VIEW PARK. German-American Celebration under the auspices of the Independent Citizens' Union. 8 P.M. General Illumination of City. Band Concerts. 8 P. M. FIFTH REGIMENT ARMORY. Reception to Visitors. Address by Hon. I homas R. Mar- shall, Vice-President of the United States. Address by Hon. 95 JjsTJk^^pTN^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^^^al Champ Clark, Speaker of the House of Representatives. Ad- dress by Hon. Philhps Lee Goldsborough, Governor of Mary- land. Address by Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Balti- more. J. Barry Mahool, Chairman, Fifth Regiment Armory Reception Committee. 8 P.M. MOOSE CLUB HOUSE. Dedication of new Home. Address by Hon. Thomas R. Marshall, Vice-President of the United States. 10.30 P. M. MOOSE CLUB HOUSE. Banquet in honor of James J. Davis, Director-General; Officers of the Supreme Lodge, and Speakers of the day. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 8th. 9 A. M. PEABODY ART GALLERIES. Historical Exhibit. Open until 6 P. M. 10 A. M. PATAPSCO RIVER, OFF FORT McHENRY. Warships open to visitors. 10 A. M. PATAPSCO RIVER, OFF FORT McHENRY. Reception aboard the "Constellation" by Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels. Unveiling of Tablet commemorating the restoration of the frigate. 10 A. M. engineers' club OF BALTIMORE, Charles and Eager Streets. Opening Session of the Third Annual Convention of the National Association of Port Authorities. Address of Wel- come by Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. Presi- dential address by Hon. Calvin Tomkins of New York. Presentation of Papers — Colonel William M. Black, U. S. Engineer, New York; Francis Lee Stuart, Chief Engineer, 96 Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Co., Baltimore; J. F. Coleman, Consulting Engineer, New Orleans, La.; Charles J. Cohen, Philadelphia, Pa. (To be presented by George W. Norris, Director, Department of Wharves, Docks and Ferries, Phila- delphia.) 10 A. M. ODD fellows' hall. Business session of the Sixth Annual Convention of the Fraternal Order of Orioles. 11 A. M. PATAPSCO RIVER, OFF DUNDALK. Dedication of "Francis Scott Key Buoy." This indicates the place of anchorage of the Cartel Ship "Minden," aboard which Francis Scott Key was detained during the bombardment of Fort iMcHenry. A. Barneveld Bibbins, Chairman. 3 P.M. FLORAL AUTOMOBILE PARADE. Route — Form on Mt. Royal avenue, Mt. Royal avenue to North avenue, to Broadway, to Fayette street, to Gay street, to Lexington street, to HoUiday street, passmg Reviewmg Stand, to Baltimore street, to Howard street, to Linden avenue, to North avenue, to Fulton avenue, to Wilkens avenue, to Monroe street, to Carroll Park. J. Albert Cassedy, Chairman; Joseph Askey, Vice-Chair- man. Floral Automobile Parade Committee. PRIZES. Twenty-live Hundred Dollars in prizes will be awarded to the owners of the best decorated cars. 3 P. M. FOOT OF BROADWAY. Steamer "Dreamland," with visiting delegates to the Sixth Annual Convention of the Fraternal Order of Orioles, leaves for Annapolis and sight-seeing trip along the Chesapeake Bay. 3 P. M. engineers' club of BALTIMORE. Afternoon session of the Third Annual Convention of the National Association of Port Authorities. Presentation of 97 Papers — Major Robert R. Raymond, U. S. A., Los Angeles, Cal.; B. F. Cresson, Jr., Chief Engineer, New Jersey Harbor Commission; General H. M. Chittenden, Seattle, Wash.; Wil- liam Joshua Barney, Consulting Engineer, New York. 4 P.M. CARROLL PARK. Colonial Garden Party, with Minuet (in costume). Un- veiling of Tablet on "Mount Clare," the oldest house in Balti- more, and formerly the residence of Barrister Carroll. Unveil- ing of Portrait of Barrister Carroll. Unveiling of Painting of "Mount Clare in 1781," by Miss Florence Mackubin, after Miss Ludlow Carroll Willett. Acceptance on behalf of the City by Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. Historical Tableaux vivant of the Revolution and War of 1812. Scenes enacted by descendants. Scenario, Mrs. L. M. Thruston; Director, Miss L. M. Haughwout. 4.30 p. M. CARROLL PARK. Triumphal Foot and Riding Tournaments — Jumping, Roman Riding, Vaulting and Exhibitions of Green Spring Valley Hounds. Captain C. Lyon Rodgers, Jr., Marshal. Redmond C. Stewart, Master of Hounds. Charge to the Knights, Edwin Warfield. Coronation Address, Hon. Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Governor of Maryland. 8 P. M. General Illumination of City. 8 P.M. GRAND CARNIVAL. Route — Form on Eutaw Place north of Key Monument, Eutaw Place lo Madison street, to Howard street, to Baltimore street, to Llolliday street, passing Reviewing Stand, to Lexing- ton street, to the Fallsway, to Mt. Royal avenue. John J. Hanson, Chairman; Joseph Askey, Vice-Chairman, Carnival Committee. 98 ^^^pTn'^led official programme ce^-^^K^V Chief Marshal — John J. Hanson. Division Marshals — Joseph Askey, Frederick Clement Weber, John M. Wheeler, William A. McCleary. John H. Robinette. PRIZES. One Thousand Dollars will be divided among the winners in the following classes: The Most Fanciful Club. The Most Comic Club. The Most Magnificent Individual Costume. The Best Float and Special Exhibit. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 9th. 9 A.M. PEABODY ART GALLERIES. Historical Exhibit. Open until 6 P. M. 9.30 A. M. PRATT AND ALBEMARLE STREETS. Unveiling of Tablet on "Flag House," where the original "Star-Spangled Banner" was made by Mrs. Mary Young Pickersgill. Tablet erected by Trustees of the Samuel Ready Estate. 10 A. M. FRONT AND LOMBARD STREETS. Unveiling of Tablet on "Carroll Mansion," where the last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence, Charles Carroll of Carrollton, died. A. Barneveld Bibbins, Chairman, Carroll Mansion Committee. 10 A. M. PATAPSCO RIVER, OFF FORT McHENRY. Warships open to visitors. 10 A. M. FORT MCHENRY. Unveiling of Memorial to the American Privateersmen of [IMst^^^pTn^g'led official programme ce^^^^^^alP the War of 1812. Erected by the Daughters of America. A. M. Geisbert, Chairman. 10 A. M. engineers' club of BALTIMORE. Morning Session of the Third Annual Convention of the National Association of Port Authorities. Address by Hon. Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Governor of Maryland. Presenta- tion of Papers — Oscar F. Lackey, President, Harbor Board of Baltimore; Hugh Bancroft, Boston, Mass.; Llarry C. Gahn, City Engineer, Cleveland, Ohio; Representative of the Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C. Appointment of Committees. 10 A. M. ODD fellows' hall. Business Session of the Sixth Annual Convention of the Fraternal Order of Orioles. I P.M. FRATERNAL ORDERS' PARADE. Route — Form on Fulton avenue, Fulton avenue to Lexing- ton street, to Paca street, to Baltimore street, to Holliday street, passing Reviewing Stand, to Lexington street, to Gay street, to Baltimore street, to Broadway, to Lombard street, counter- march on Broadway to Fayette street. John M. Deponai, Chairman; Harry C. Grove, Vice- Chairman, Fraternal Orders Committee. FORMATION. Grand Marshal — John M. Deponai. Chiefs of Staff — Judge William M. Dunn, Colonel J. Frank Supplee. Aides — Congressman J. Charles Linthicum, Congressman Charles P. Coady, Harry H. Mahool, C. N. Steigelman, Fred- erick A. Groom, A. M. Geisbert, Thomas K. Le Brou, Alfred Turner, Clinton Pritchett, Sullivan Buckman, Thomas J. Welsh, Joseph Hubbard, John J. Russell, William H. Car- rigan, George C. 1 racey, Harry C. Grove, Paul Newkirk, Thomas Challoner. Chief Marshals — Adolph Spamer, First Division; William J. Heaps, Second Division; Eugene M. Fhomas, Third Divi- sion; Harry S. Welch, Fifth Division. 100 stA^^pTn^gYed official programme ce^Te^^^al ALLEGORICAL FLOAT. The subject selected to illustrate "Fraternity" was taken from the poem "Abou ben Adhem," written by Leigh Hunt. This was adopted by unanimous consent of the Fraternal Orders Committee's Subcommittee on Floats and Uniforms, composed of Adolph Spamer, Chairman; Judge William M. Dunn, Howard M. Emmons, W. Morse Keener, William W. Emmart and John M. Deponai, following a suggestion by the Chairman. The design was built by two Baltimore sculptors, Edward Berge and J. Maxwell Miller. ORGANIZATIONS. Royal Arcanum, Improved Order of Heptasophs, Knights of the Maccabees, Royal Order of Moose, Catholic Benevolent Legion, Modern Woodmen of America, Knights of Columbus, Companions Foresters of America, Order United American Mechanics, Woodmen of the World, Improved Order Red Men, Fraternal Order of Orioles, Knights of LIsonia, Uniform Rank Junior Order of United American Mechanics, Knights of the Golden Eagle, United Commercial Travelers, United Italian Societies, Independent Order B'rith Abraham, Ancient Order of Hibernians, Austrian Hungary Sick Relief Associa- tion, Maryland Pilgrims Association, German Catholic Knights, Bohemian Gymnastic Association, Junior Order American Mechanics, Daughters of America. Patriotic Order Sons of America, Patriotic Order of America, Ladies of the Mac- cabees, Fraternal Order of Eagles, German-American Catholic Union, Order of Heptasophs, Foresters of America. 3 P.M. FOOT OF BROADWAY. Delegates to the Third Annual Convention of the National Association of Port Authorities, aboard the steamer "F. C. Latrobe," will leave for an Inspection Trip of the Harbor. 5 P. M. CALVERT HALL COLLEGE, Cathedral and Mulberry Streets. Unveiling of Tablet to mark site of encampment of the Army of Count de Rochambeau on their return from York- (1814 sii^spl^^i^D OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^I ^ town. Tablet erected by the Faculty and Students of the College. 8 p. M. General Illumination of City. Band Concerts. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 10th. 9 A.M. PEABODY ART GALLERIES. Historical Exhibit. Open until 6 P. M. 9.30 A. M. LEXLNGTO.N STREET, WEST OF CHARLES STREET. Unveiling of Tablet to mark "Crooked Lane," a remnant of the "Great Eastern Highway," between North and South in Revolutionary days. Historical Committee. 10 A. M. PATAPSCO RIVER, OFF FORT McHENRY. Warships open to visitors. 1 A. M. engineers' club of BALTIMORE. Business meeting of the Third Annual Convention of the National Association of the Port Authorities. Reports of Committees and Officers of the Association. Election of Offi- cers. Discussion of Papers. 10 A. M. ODD fellows' hall. Business meeting of the Sixth Annual Convention of the Fraternal Order of Orioles. Election of Officers. 10.30 A. M. COURTHOUSE. Unveiling of Portrait of Francis Scott Key, presented by Avalon Chapter, Daughters of the Revolution. Mrs. Ella W. 102 1 Jl4 srik'^g^^LZD OFFICIAL PROGRWIWE ce^^>:^ ^ Byrd, Chairmaii. Address by Mrs. Frank Onion. State Regent, Daughters of the Revolution. Address by Judge Morris A. Soper. Historical address by Mrs. Clarence L. Bleakley, President-General. Daughters of the Revolution. Presentation by Mrs. F. B. Focke. Regent, Avalon Chapter. Acceptance by Hon. James H. Preston. Mayor of Baltimore. I 1.30 .A. M. CITi" HALL. Unveilmg of Monumental Tablet, presented to the City of Baltimore by the National Society Lnited States Daughters of 1812. Miss Powell, Chairman: Mrs. Calvin F. Troupe, Acting Chairman, National Society United States Daughters of 1812. Address by Mrs. B. L. UTiitney. Detroit, Mich. Presentation by Mrs. William Gerry Slade, President-National. Acceptance by Hon. Ja.mes H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. 2 P.M. MUNICIP.AL PARADE. Route — Form on Key Highway, Key Highway to William street, to Warren avenue, to Riverside avenue, to Fort avenue, to Hanover street, to Camden street, to Eutavv street, to Bald- more street, to HoUiday street, passing Reviewing Stand, to Lexington street, to Gay street, to Baltimore street, to Broad- way, to Pratt street. William A. Larkins. Chairman: Major Joseph \X . Shirley, \ ice-Chairman, Municipal Parade Committee. FORMATION. Chkf Maishal — Mayor James H. Preston. Paradid Manager — .A. S. Goldsborough. First Division. .Aides — Oregon Milton Dermis, Norval H. Kmg. Dr. Timothy O. Heatwole. Baltimore City Council. \ isitmg Governors. \*isiting Mayors. One Float. Sidcond Division. .Aides — George Cobb. Thomas B. Burgess. Porter BrovNTi. Howard Hutchinson. 103 IJA PsTiJ^^^prN^LED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^?^&:( (1^ Departments — City Collector, City Comptroller, Collector of Water Rents and Licenses, City Register, Appeal Tax Court, Superintendent Public Buildings, Building Inspector, Jail Board. Seven Floats. Third Division. Aides — John Ireton, Powell Nolan, James McKay, George R. Ogier. Departments — Paving Commission, Commissioners for Opening Streets, City Engineer, City Forester. Twenty Floats. Foiirlh Division. Aides— E. F. Callahan, J. T. O'Connor, William Mc- Dermott. Department — Street Cleaning Department. Fifth Division. Aides — Chester M. Gourley, S. R. Alexander, C. J. RascH, A. B. Foard. Departments — Topographical Survey, Lamps and Lighting, Harbor Board, Factory Site Commission, Municipal Journal, Department of Legislative Reference, City Library. Nine Floats. Sixth Division. Aides — W. J. West, W. Sanders Carr, David Cowan, C. W. Keefer. Departments — Water Department, Sewerage Commission, Electrical Commission. Fifteen Floats. Seventh Division. Aides — James R. Wheeler, N. G. Grasty, C. Rowland Stallings, W. M. Corcoran. Departments — Health Dejjartment, Charities and Correc- tions. Ten Floats. Eighth Division. Aides — James O'Meara, Samuel K. 1 homas. 104 STAR-SPANGLED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^Tb'^IW Departments — School Board, Park Board, Bath Commis- sion. Twelve Floats. Nintlj Division. Aide — Thomas H. Durkin. Department — Fire Department. Tenth Division. Municipal Floats from Other Cities. 4 P. M. FORT MCHENRY. Unveiling of Memorial Tablet presented by the Maryland Daughters of the American Revolution. Mrs. Robert G. Hogan, Chairman. Invocation, Rev. Arthur B. Kinsolving, Rector Old St. Paul's Church. Address by Mrs. William Cumming Story, President-General Daughters of the American Revolution. Address by Hon. Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Governor of Maryland. Historical address by Mrs. Hester Dorsey Richardson, State Historian. Presentation by Mrs. Robert G. Hogan, State Regent. Acceptance by Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. Unveiling of Tablet by Miss Alice Key Blunt. Reception to members of Daughters of the American Revolution and other patriotic societies in the Star Fort. 8 P. M. General Illumination of City. 8 P.M. HISTORICAL PAGEANT. Route — Form on Mt. Royal avenue, Mt. Royal avenue to Fallsway, to Lexington street, to Holliday street, passing Re- viewing Stand, to Baltimore street, to Howard street, to Cathe- dral street, to Mt. Royal avenue. Hans Schuler, Chairman; Edward Berge, Vice-Chairman, Historical Pageant Committee. FORMATION. Escort of Honor — Troop "A," Maryland National Guard. Light Bearers — Boy Scouts. 105 FIRST DIVISION. Mounted Heralds and Trumpeters. "Evenls of 1814." Float No. I — Impressment of American Seamen. Guard of Honor. Float No. 2 — Pinkney Addressing Citizens of Baltimore. Guard of Honor. Float No. 3 — Rodgers Firing First Shot. Guard of Honor. Float No. 4 — Capture of British Merchantman by American Privateer. Guard of Honor. Float No. 5 — Approach of the British Announced. Guard of Honor. Float No. 6 — Brigadier-General John Strieker Defending North Point. Guard of Honor — Sparrows Pomt Home Guards. Float No. 7 — Headquarters of Major-General Samuel Smith, Com- mander-in-Chief. Guard of Honor. Float No. 8— Death of General Ross and of Wells and McComas. Guard of Honor — Wells and McComas Council Junior Order United American Mechanics. Float No. 9 — Making of the Actual Star-Spangled Banner. Guard of Honor — Court Stars and Stripes Foresters of America, carrying replica of original flag. Float No. 10 — Bombardment of Fort McHenry. Guard of Honor — Boys Brigade. Float No. 11 — Heroes of Fort Mcp^enry. Guard of Honor. Float No. 12 — Key Writing Slar-Spangled Banner on Deck of "Min- den." Guard of Honor. Float No. 13 — Signing the Treaty of Peace at Ghent. Guard of Honor — Boy Scouts of America. Float No. 14 — The Apotheosis of the Slar-Spangled Banner. Guard of Honor. Procession of Banners representing the Eighteen Stales of the Union in 1814. SECOND DIVISION. "One Hundred Years of Progress." Float No. 15 — Peace, Prosperity and Great Men of Baltimore. Guard of Honor. Float No. 16 — Commerce by Sea — Baltimore Clipper. Guard of Honor — Boys Brigade. Float No. 17 — Commerce by Land — America's First Locomotive. (Fur- nished by B. & O.) Guard of Honor — B. & O. Employees. Float No. 18 — Commerce by Canal. Float No. 19 — Laying of Cornerstone of B. & O. by Charles Carroll of Carrollton. Guard of Honor. Float No. 20— First Telegram — "What Hath God Wrought?" Guard of Honor. Float No. 21— Industries of Maryland. Float No. 22 — Education. Guard of Honor — Baltimore City College. Float No. 23— The Great Fire of 1904. Guard of Honor -Baltimore City Firemen. Float No. 24 — The Rebuilding of Baltimore. Guard of Honor — The Polytechnic Institute. 106 [) ) 5tX^pTn^c^led official programme cE^^^"&:| (l^|/j FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER llth. 9 A. M. PEABODY ART GALLERIES. Historical Exhibit. Open until 6 P. M. 9.30 A. M. PORT COVINGTON. Unveiling of Cannon. Erected in Memory of the Gallant Defence in 1814 of Fort Covington and Fort Babcock by Webster's "Six Gun Battery." 10 A. M. PATAPSCO RI\ ER, OFF FORT McHENRY. Warships open to Visitors. 10.30 A. M. P.^TTERSON PARK. Unveiling of Memorial erected by the Pupils of the Public Schools of Baltimore City, Marking the Site of the Head- quarters of General Samuel Smith, Commander-in-Chief of the Defenders of Baltimore in 1814. Dr. James M. Delevett, Chairman, School Board Committee. Presentation by Charles J. Koch, Assistant Superintendent, Department of Education. Acceptance by Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. Address by Hon. William Jennings Bryan, Secretary of Stale. 11.30 A. M. PATTERSON PARK. Unveiling of Memorial Cannon at "Rodgers' Bastion," Marking Site of the Headquarters of Commodore John Rodgers, in Command of the Marine Forces Engaged in the Defense of Baltimore in 1814. 2 P. M. MILITARY AND NAVAL PARADE. Route — Form on Broadway, Broadway to Baltimore street, to Fallsway, to Lexington street, to Holliday street, passing l5l4)5^^^^^BFIC!AL PROGRAMME c E^^l&:] (fe) Reviewing Stand, to Baltimore street, to Howard street, to Franklin street, to Cathedral street, to Monument street, to .Charles street, to Chase street, to St. Paul street, to Mt. Royal avenue, to Confederate Statue. Adjutant-General Charles F. Macklin, Chairman; Briga- dier-General Charles D. Gaither, Vice-Chairman, Military Committee. Captain Ralph Robinson, Chairman, Naval Committee. FORMATION. Chief Marshal — Major-General W. W. Wotherspoon, Chief of Staff, United States Army. Staff — General Henry M. Warfield, General Lawrason Riggs, General George F. Randolph, General J. Kemp Bart- lett, General W. Bladen Lowndes, Colonel Louis M. Rawlins, Colonel William Whitridge, Colonel M. A. Humphreys, Colonel C. Wilbur Miller, Colonel H. L. Duer, Major Samuel J. Fort, Major W. W. Crosby, Major John Philip Hill, Major Joseph W. Shirley, Major J. Frank Ryley, Captain G. Arthur Hadsell, U. S. A. Firsl Brigade. Regulars of the United Sta'es Army and Navy. Second Brigade. National Guardsmen and Independent Organizations from other States. Maryland Brigade. Brigadier-General Charles D. Gaither, Commanding. Staff — Major Ernest A. Robbins, Jr., Adjutant; Major Walter V. Shipley, Major Robert P. Bay, C aptain H. Arthur Mitchell. /• irsl Infanlrv. Colonel Charles A. Little, Commandmg. Captain Charles Alvey, Adjutant; Major Hugh R. Riley, Major Milton A. Reckord. Fourth InjanU'y. Colonel Harry C. Jones, Commanding. Captain Paul M. Burnett, Adjutant; Major Albert S. Gill, Major Henry S. Barrett. 108 srl^^^^^'k^u OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^I^I^V ( (1^|4) Fifth Infantrv. Colonel John Hinkley, Commanding. Captain Herbert A. Smith, Adjutant; Major Irving Adams, Major David W. Jenkins, Major S. Johnson Poe. 2.30 p. M. HOMEWOOD FIELD, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. National Track and Field Championships of the Amateur Athletic Union. Robert Garrett, Chairman; Dr. William Burdick, Secretary, Athletic Committee. JUNIOR EVENTS. 100-^'a.ds Run. 220-\ards Run, 440-Yards Run, 880-^'a.ds Run, -140-Yards Hurdle Race, 120-Yards Hurdle Race, One-Mile Run, Five- Mile Run, 220- Yards Hurdle Race, One-Mile Walk, Pole Vault for Height, Running High Jump, Running Broad Jump, Running Hop, Step and Jump; Throwing 56-Lb. Weight, Throwing 16-Lb. Hammer, Putting 16-Lh. Shot, Throwing the Discus, Throwing the Javelin. 8 P.M. General Illumination of City. Band Concerts. 8 P. M. HOTEL BELX'EDERE. Reception to Delegates attending Biennial Meeting of the National Society of the War of 1812. General John Cad- wallader, President-General. 9 P. M. FIFTH REGIMENT ARMORY. Military Ball in Honor of Distinguished Guests, Members of the Diplomatic Corps, Visiting Army and Naval Officers and others. General N. Winslow Williams, Chairman; George May, Vice-Chairman, Military Ball Committee. Buffet Supper. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 12th 9 A. M. PEABODY ART GALLERIES. Historical Exhibit. Open until 6 P. M. (m))aTiJ.^^pTN"cYED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^^^^^V|(1^ 9.30 A. M. HOTEL BELVEDERE. Biennial Meeting of the National Society of the War of 1812. General John Cadwallader, President-General. Address by Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. 10 A. M. PATAPSCO RIVER, OFF FORT McHENRY. Warships open to Visitors. 10 A.M. FORT Mchenry. Concert by City Park Band. Director, Daniel Feldman. 10 A. M. STAR-SPANGLED BANNER LEGION PARADE. Route — Form at Washington Monument, Monument street to Howard street, to Baltimore street, to HoUiday street, pass- ing Reviewing Stand, to Lexington street, to Gay street, to Lombard street, to Light street, to Key Highway, to William street, to Warren avenue, to Riverside avenue, to Fort avenue, to Fort McHenry. The flag that inspired Key to write our National Anthem will be escorted along the above route by Hon. Woodrow Wil- son, President of the United States; Members of the Cabinet, Governors of States, One Hundred picked men from each of the Eighteen States that were in the Union in 1814, Members of the Grand Army of the Republic and Confederate Veterans. FORMATION. Chief Marshal — Hon. Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Governor of Maryland. Chief of Staff — Adjutant-General Charles F. Macklin. Staff — Brigadier-General Robert Garrett, Quartermaster- General; Brigadier-General J. Kemp Bartlett, Judge Advocate General; Brigadier-General William D. Gill, Inspector-Gen- eral; Brigadier-General Herbert Harlan, Surgeon-General; Brigadier-General W. Bladen Lowndes, Chief of Ordnance. 110 STAR-SPANGLED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME ce^'^^^^V Aides — Colonel George L. Baitlett, Colonel Marion A. Humphreys, Colonel Henry L. Duer, Colonel William B. Tilghman, Colonel William Whitridge, Colonel Edward M. Allen, Colonel Albanus Phillips, Colonel C. Wilbur Miller. Visiting Governors and Staff. Star-Spangled Banner Legion. NOON. FORT MCHENRY. Dedication of Fort McHenry as a Public Park. Congress- man J. Charles Linthicum, Chairman, Fort McHenry Com- mittee. A chorus of 6400 pupils of the public schools, forming a human flag, will sing patriotic airs, accompanied by a mass band of 250 pieces. Frederick H. Gottlieb, Chairman; John Director, Music Committee. Charles J. Koch, Chairman, Public Schools Committee. PROGRAM. 1. Baltimore Centennial March Fictor Herbert 2. Baltimore School Children Chorus, "America." . . . .Carev Invocation — James Cardinal Gibbons. 3. Largo Handel Address — Hon. Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States. 4. Emblem of Freedom King Address — Hon. Phillips Lee Goldsborough, Governor of Maryland. 5. Human Flag Chorus, "Maryland, My Maryland." Address — Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. 6 Nibelungen Selection • • •• Wagner 7. Human Flag Chorus, "Star-Spangled Banner," Francis Scott Kev Benediction — Bishop John Gardner Murray. 2 P. M. FORT MCHENRY. LJnveiling ol Monument to Lieutenant-Colonel George Armi- slead, who commanded the Fort during the Bombardment in 111 JJsta^r^^pTn^g'-led official programme cE^TE'i^ll 1814. Erected by the National Star-Spangled Banner Cen- tennial Commission and the Maryland Society of the War of 1812. Mayor James H. Preston, Chairman, Armistead Monument Commission. General John Cadwallader, Presi- dent-General, Society War of 1812. Presentation by Dr. J. D. Iglehart. Acceptance by Hon. James H. Preston, Mayor of Baltimore. Address by Hon. Henry C. Stuart, Governor of Virginia. 3 P.M. HOMEWOOD FIELD, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. National Track and Field Championships of the Amateur Athletic Union. George J. Turner, Chairman; Latrobe Cogs- well, Vice-Chairman. SENIOR EVENTS. 1 00- Yards Run, 220- Yards Run, 440- Yards Hurdle Race, 440-Yards Run, 880- Yards Run, 120- Yards Hurdle Race, One-Mile Run, Five- Mile Run, 220- Yards Hurdle Race, Three-Mile Walk, Pole Vault for Height, Running High Jump, Running Broad Jump, Runnmg Hop, Step and Jump; Throwing 56-Lb. Weight, Throwing 16-Lb. Hammer, Putting 16-Lb. Shot, Throwmg the Discus, Throwing the Javelin. 3 P.M. RESIDENCE OF MAYOR JAMES H. PRESTON. Charles and Read Sireels. Reception to Governors, Mayors and Invited Guests by Mayor and Mrs. James H. Preston. 7 P.M. HOTEL BELVEDERE. Banquet of the National Society of the War of 1812. 8 P.M. General Illumination of the City. 8.30 P. M. BALTIMORE HARBOR. Water Carnival and Fireworks Display, commemorating the Bombardment of Fort McHenry. Joseph Wiesenfeld, Chair- man; A. H. Heclil, Vice-Chairman, Pyrotechnic Committee. 112 STAR SPANGLED OFFICIAL PROGRAMME centennial SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 13th. A. M. Services in all the Churches. "Peace" to be the theme. 10.30 A.M. MEETING-HOUSE, Near North Point Battlefield. Unveiling of Tablet marking building used as a hospital by both Armies engaged in the Battle of North Point. Tablet erected by the Patriotic Order Sons of America. Thomas E. Bruff, Sr., Chairman. 11.30 A.M. NORTH POINT BATTLEFIELD. Dedication of "Dr. Houck's Acre," in commemoration ot the last important land engagement before Peace was declared. Unveiling of Tablets. 5 P. M. WESTMINSTER CHURCHYARD, Fayette and Greene Streets. Unveiling of Memorial Tablets and Decoration of Graves of the Heroes of both wars for American Independence. 5.30 P. M. OLD ST. Paul's churchyard, Lombard Street and Fremont Avenue. Decoration of Graves of those who fought in the Revolu- tion and the War of 1812. 8 P.M. General Illumination of City. Part Two THE BALTIMORE BOOK SECTION OF THE NATIONAL STAR-SPAN- GLED BANNER CENTENNIAL OFFICIAL PROGRAMME BALTIMORE AND THE PANAMA tTcmend The Panai Baltimore. Why? Almost every page o( this book contributes to the answer. Baltimore, to begin with, is on an almost direct line with the west coast ot South America, and is nearer the Canal than any other of the large cities of the Atlantic Coast. These important facts are very comprehensively shown on the accompanying map. With that rugged barrier, the Isthmus of Panama, no longer barring the way, the great west coast opens up untold and incalculable opportunities for commerce. But why Baltimore? ecause trade, like almost everything, follows the course least resistance. It traverses natural lanes if it can, and the thing that makes a lane natural or unnatural is largely geographical position. Itimore's position is splendid. Because of this, one cannot evade the conclusion that the Canal will have a tremendous influence upon this Cily, and that the beneficial effect will be communicated to the new field opened up — that vast territory which is just now put in direct : reciprocity. touch with Baltimore. In other words, there i South American trade will come to Baltimore and be carried through Baltimore, because it will benefit those who take ad- the opportunity the City offers. Baltimore does not expect people to bring their business here for its enrichment. The point is, they benefit and enrich themselves by so doing. Look at the situation. The Baltimore Book is laden with facts that bear out the assumption that Baltimore is a natural trade route from Panama and is destined to become a great distributing depot for transcanal trade. Lower freight rales than enjoyed by any other city of the Atlantic Coast (as shown on pages 76, 77, 78, 79 and 80 of this book) will draw merchandise here from an extensive area of the United Stales, and just here an im- portant combination is effected. Low freight rales, a shorter land and sea distance. Hence the natural lane — the course of least resistance. No obstacles in the guise ol excessive rates to or from the western and north- western sections of the United Stales, and a short voyage to the Canal. Isn't that an advantageous combinalion? But there are many other considerations, all arguments in favor of Baltimore. Its splendid harbor. Covered wharves, from which ships lying in deep water alongside may be loaded; devices for the rapid handling of bulk cargoes, including coal. Three great trunk line railway systems connect Baltimore with the rich mining and agricultural regions of the West. Itimore lies nearer these regions, let it be repeated, than any other large city of the Atlantic Coast. Then there will be always return cargoes for ships — a most important consideration. The vessel that comes here with the forest products of the North Pacific Coast, fruits or vegetables from California, bulk modilies from Central or South America, will go forth again freighted with coal, manufactured products of iron and steel, machinery, paints and mixed merchandise, for Baltimore is very near llie producing regions of these commodities. Central and South American countries require railroad equipment. Their agricultural and industrial development de- pends upon such. These countries want machinery of all sorts, clothing, hats, etc., and Baltimore stands ready to supply such needs, for it is in the manufacture of these articles that it now mmanding position. Truly, there is no need for apprehension concerning return With great railroad piers, open and covered; with storage rehouses; with a great Municipal pier system, which is being ith shorter rail haul to Northern and Western cities during districts than is enjoyed by other Atlantic oris- with the activities of the Cily Administration earnestly '' olnved in the development of these facilities; with these and ' Tttrcy of other advantages set forth in The Baltimore n„.k who can successfully dispute that the Canal will have ndous influence upon the future of this C.ty? The Baltimore Book A RESUME OF THE COMMERCIAU INDUSTRIAL AND FINANCIAL RESOLTICES. MUTMICI- PAL ACTIMTIES AND GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY OF BALTIMORE TublisheJ by THE MUNICIPALITY Issued at the Instance of HON. JAMES H. PRESTON. Mas by N^ILBLR F. CO^'LE, Citj- Ubranan EXPLANATORY (QTg^j^g®®^ H JS book is written in response to the demand 111,^^^^^ for accurate information concerning Baltimore, its Ll[^HQd7^ resources, its general development, and its munici- ^^^^^;^ pal activities. The Baltimore Book is published by the Municipality. It has no private purpose to serve. It deals primarily with the Baltimore of TODA\'. Baltimore reveres her traditions, is proud of her history glories in her honored past, but Baltimore, rich in all these priceless blessings, has been very practical and has given much thought, much aggressive energy, to the solution of the material problems that confront her as an important member of the Great Family of American Municipalities. What Baltimore is and what Baltimore is doing are herein presented as eloquent and convincing facts. The case is rested without argument. The development of Baltimore along industrial, commercial, governmental, financial and all civic lines, during recent years, has been extraordinary. Imagination plays no part in that statement. Baltimore, as far as the memory of man runneth, has always been big. It started with all the natural prerequisites of a gre?\t city. But Baltimore is not only big. It is bigger than ever; not only bigger, but better. This is not a vain boast. A few cities are bigger than Baltimore; find a better one. Baltimore has been bountifully endowed by nature, and nature is being assisted by those most skilled in civic development. The fol- lowing pages will tell how. That is the STORY. CITY GOVERNMENT OF BALTIMORE WHAT IT IS DOING A resume of great projects under way: The $23,000,000 Sewerage System; Repaying the City; Civic Centre; Colossal Municipal Docks; Factory Site Commission; Splendid Parks; Sanitary Regu- lations; Health, Fire and Police Departments; Public Schools; Free Baths, etc. i^^g^^HE Municipal Government of Baltimore is alert, IL>^^M^^^ creative and constructive. It is not sufficient to Ll/^BrArn^ say that the admmistration is i>i sympathy with [^^^^^^] the great forward movement in this City. It is an inspiring part of the movement. Loyally supported and encouraged by citizens in all walks of life, it is engaged in a systematic scheme of modernization and beautification, and is pursuing a masterful constructive policy. It is a policy that does not balk at obstacles. An obstacle is something to be overcome; that's all. Since I 904, when the heart of Baltimore was burned out, when smoldering ashes and hideous debris stretched over 1 40 acres, Baltimore has been building, and building big. The great disaster was turned into opportunity. The loss, approxi- mately $125,000,000, was a staggering blow. No effort is made to minimize this fact, but it was a blow that awoke the fighting spirit. It was not a knockout. At this crisis, what did the City Government do? j ) TML^ L3/ALT[MOR^e BOOK It refused all outside aid ; declined it courteously and with grateful thanks, for stricken Baltimore was very grateful. It wasn't false pride that impelled Robert M. McLane, then Mayor, to take this stand. He voiced the sentiment of the community when he notified the world that Baltimore would take care of its own, and would rebuild through its own effort. Before he could get this on the wires $60,000 had actually been received, and "draw on us" telegrams brought the amount up to $200,000. Every cent went back, but the generous sentiment which prompted the givers will always be treasured. The whole world seemed eager to hasten to the aid of Balti- more. Hundreds of sympathetic messages were received. The City had just sold its interest in the Western Maryland Railroad for $8,751,000. Upward of $4,500,000 of this fund was immediately used for public improvements and the rehabilitation of the burned area. A Burnt District Commission was created. It widened streets; it reduced grades. Baltimoreans built; they built wisely and built well. Old picturesque Baltimore had been partly wiped out by the fire, but before the flames were extinguished at one end of the destroyed district a new Baltimore was spring- ing up at the other. Those who saw the City in the throes of devastation wonder at the metamorphosis presented today. It is simply marvelous. Following the work of the Burnt District Commission other millions were spent according to a definite plan of City development. So much for the past. What is the City Government doing today? It is building the finest sanitary Sewerage system in the world, and will expend about $23,000,000 for this purpose. The system is almost completed. It has spent $6,1 61 ,000 on its magnificent Municipal docks, and has available $5,000,000 more for the enlargement of the system, which includes a recreation pier. TMtr BALTIMORLE BOOK | It is constructing a broad street (Key Highway) paralleling the south side of the harbor for several miles. It is grappling the paving problem, and a Commission is now engaged in a general repaying plan for the entire City. The Commission has a working capital of $5,000,000. This will be increased by means of ihe paving tax to $10,000,000. To date 54 miles have been repaved and 10 miles are under contract. The highways are being improved under a general plan, and it is the aim of the administration to make Balti- more second to none in this particular branch of civic develop- ment. The latest standard specifications are followed and four standard pavements, namely. Granite Block, Vitrified Block, Sheet Asphalt and Wood Block, are being used. Aside from the above-mentioned $10,000,000, an addi- tional $4,500,000 are being spent on street improvement in the "Annex" (northern and western extremities). Forty-seven miles (based upon a width of 30 feet between curbs) have been paved in this particular section since 1 906. These streets, with those within the older parts of the City re- paved in accordance with the general plan of 1910 referred to, total 1 1 miles paved or repaved within recent years. And the work is still being pushed forward with great energy. There is pending a loan of $1,000,000 for the construction and improvement of Police Department buildings. For the enlargement of Baltimore's water supply, $5,000,000 is available. A high-pressure water pipe line through the business section was completed in 1 9 I 2 at a cost of $1,000,000. This is a very important addition to Baltimore's fire-fighting equipment, and materially reduces the cost of fire insurance. 11 TMiir t3A.LTlMC)RB BOOK 1 he sum of $340,000 was expended in 1911 for additional apparatus and buildings for the Fire Department, exclusive of the sum appropriated annually for its maintenance. By means of an electric conduit system, overhead telephone, telegraph and electric wires have been placed underground; $3,000,000 have been spent for this purpose and $2,000,000 more are available for a contmuation of the work. There are hundreds of other things which the City Govern- ment is doing. In matters of municipal routine it is kept right to the notch. Departments are "keyed up" as are those of great private enterprises, and the whole organization is working in systematic harmony. Baltimore is not only enjoying a busi- ness administration, but a progressive business administration. The following pages will describe concisely some of the projects in which it is engaged. M^ Boat Lake—Tlnnd Hill Park THIi^ BALTIMOR^e F30C)K A GREAT SEWERAGE SYSTEM Baltimore will spend $23,000,000 on its Sewerage System. The work was begun in 1905 and will be completed by 1916. Sections in various parts of the City are already in operation, and when it is entirely finished the City will have the most modern plant in the world. The system represents the most advanced ideas m the solution of this great Municipal problem. It is impossible to realize the magnitude of the work or the diversified engineering problems that are being solved every day unless one takes the time to visit in person some of the construc- tion work being carried on in various parts of the City. The work is most interesting because of its complications. The requirement of the Legislative Act, that all sewage must be purified before being discharged, made it necessary to keep the storm-water separate from the sanitary sewage, allowing the former to discharge through its own system of drains into the nearest natural outlet. The sanitary sewage is carried to the disposal plant and purified. The sewage, by bacterial treat- ment, becomes 95 per cent. pure. Two-thirds of the sanitary sewage of the City will flow by gravity to the disposal plant on Back River, about six miles from Baltimore. The other third will be pumped through huge iron force-mains to the outfall sewer, an elevation of 72 feet, from which point it also will flow by gravity to the disposal plant. The pumping station building is now completed and equipped with three engines, each having a pumping capacity of 27,500,000 gallons a day. The station will house five of these enormous pumps, the additional two to be installed later. The difficulties of the work are doubled because of the necessity of constructing two systems of sewers — sanitary and storm-water — which cross and recross each other in thousands of places. In some cases two large sewers of the different systems come together on the same level, which requires the 15 THfT RAI.TIMORe BOOK siphoning ol one beneath the other. In one uislance this re- sulted in the construction of one of the largest siphons in the world. The purified sewage, discharged from the disposal plant, in flowing to its outlet operates turbines. These run dynamos, which produce current for lighting the plant at practically no cost. -25 I IT 111 irf^E BalUmnre's Water Supply — A/'. Royal Pumping Slalion ® THtr BALTIMOR^e E300K BALTIMORE'S WATER SUPPLY The City of Baltimore has about $15,000,000 invested in its water works system, and an additional $5,000,000 was recently voted for an impounding and storage reservoir and filtration works, with the necessary connectmg conduits and tunnels. Many of these are now in course of construction, and it is hoped that the entire work will be completed during the year 1915. Upon the completion of the new plant, the entire supply of the City will be taken from the Gunpowder River, which has an average daily flow of 270,000,000 gallons. The Jones Falls watershed which is used at the present time to supply part of the City's water, will be abandoned, although it will be possible to use the water from this source in case of an emergency. When the improvements, which are now well under way, are completed, Baltimore will have one of the finest water supplies of any city in the United States. A new impounding reservoir will not only give an ample supply, but a filtration plant will purify this water so that in quality it will equal that of any city in the Vv'orld. The impounding reservoir, now being built at Loch Raven, on the Gunpowder River, will have a capacity of about 2,000,000,000 gallons. The impounding reservoir on the Jones Falls Supply, known as Lake Roland, has a capacity of 400,000,000 gallons. There are seven storage reservoirs, most of them within the City limits, with a total storage capacity of 1,488,875,000 gallons. There are also two standpipes, each with a capacity of 300,000 gallons. The Water Department's income is de- rived from water rents. THRr BAI^TIMOR^B BOC)I\ CIVIC CENTER — JONES FALLS AND KEY HIGHWAYS ^^S^^ HOSE charged with the administration of the i^/^M^Q^ City Government have given much thought to W(f^Bu)S\l'^ the future. What is done is done on a large ^^^==^:^^ scale. Every succeeding day finds the City a bigger, better, busier Baltimore, and improvements are made with a comprehensive idea of the demands of the future. They are, as nearly as human calculation can make them, for all time. The development now going on is in accordance with a pre- conceived plan of city building. Certain details are in charge of a Commission on City Plan. One of the most important features in the City betterment plan was the recent covering cf the stream (Jones Falls) which formerly flowed in an open channel through the center of the City. The flow is now through three concrete tubes, consisting in part of the largest drainage tunnel in the world. The top of these conduits and tunnel is now a highway of a minimum width of 75 feet. This drive will provide a direct highway on an easy grade running diagonally across the City from the docks to the railroad terminals. This great improve- ment is a part of an elaborate and connected scheme of future development, the main feature of which is a Civic Center to the east of the City Hall. To the west, forming a part of the general plan, are the Postoifice and Baltimore's three-million- dollar Courthouse. Another project of importance in which the City is now engaged is the construction of Key Highway, a wide thorough- fare extending from Light street, along or very near the water- front, to Fort McHenry — a distance of several rniles. 21 TH& B/^LTIMORL^ BOOK This highway, named for Francis Scott Key, author of "The Star-Spangled Banner," will open up a splendid avenue of approach to the southern side of Baltimore's extensive harbor. A system of railroad tracks and switches, which are to be in- stalled, will place all plants, piers, etc., in direct touch with railroad systems. The Visla~T)ruid Hill Park 23 TMIir BALTIMOR^E BOOI\ BALTIMORE'S MUNICIPAL DOCKS The Municipal docks of Baltimore are not mere ornaments. They are not solely colossal specimens of engineering skill. They are for use. When the City put acres of land under water and spent its millions, its object was, and is, to provide the best maritime terminals that could be built. These docka may be leased by any responsible parties for 36 cents a square foot per year. Those who have not seen the great marine stations have little idea of their magnitude, and it is important to remember that they are not a private monopoly, and are not controlled by private parties to selfish ends. The City of Balti- more OWNS them and throws them open to the commerce of the world. Those who would enter the shipping business here have the first and most vexatious problem, namely, terminal facilities, solved in advance. Magnificent docks are available. Prior to the fire of 1904 the City owned little wharf property of importance. The fire made it possible to acquire all of the burned district fronting on the harbor (about 4,000 lineal feet) . The City purchased the property, removed all buildings, streets, etc., and laid cut a system of public wharves and docks along Pratt street. These are situated in the upper harbor and are intended for the coastwise and bay trade. The transatlantic steamers, at present, find ample accommodations at the railroad piers in the lower harbor. Pier 4, at the foot of Market Place, Is 150 feet wide. Along Market Place the City has erected three handsome, commodious buildings, a retail market, a fish market, a whole- sale market, all within a stone's throw of Pier 4, which is set aoart for the use of the market boats. A two-story recreation pier at the foot of Broadway was completed early in 1914. The lower floor of this structure is to be used for commercial purposes ; the upper section for a recreation center. TMi^ F3.ALT1MORB ROOK MUNICIPAL FACTORY SITE COMMISSION (0Si^2^^ H E City Government has a specially organized ||^,^=^JtQ^ department that handles all industrial problems. y[^BQ(j)5 It is a public agency created for the purpose of (^^^^:^ promoting any movement that has for its end the development or enlargement of Baltimore's industrial activities. It is a department of the City Government ; supported by the City Government. There are no charges, costs nor fees connected with its vs'ork. Any service performed by the department or any informa- tion given by the department is absolutely free of any financial burden to the person who seeks its aid or takes advantage of its co-operation. If you want to know anything about the business possibili- ties of Baltimore; if you want to get in touch with the City's financial interests; if you want to know what factory sites are in the market; in fact, if you want to know anything at all about any phase of the industrial affairs of the City or any of the problems incident thereto — communicaie with the Municipal Factory Site Commission, City Hall. You will find it ready to give help in any particular or in any direction whatsoever. The Commission is organized on a basis that puts it in touch with all the different business interests in Baltimore. It is composed of a member of the Chamber of Commerce; a member of the Merchants and Manufacturers' Association; a member of the Travelers and Merchants' Association ; a member of the Old Town Merchants and Manufacturers' Association; a member of the Federation of Labor; a member of the Builders' Exchange; a member of the Real Estate Exchange; a representative of the Pennsylvania Railroad; a 27 ) ) TM1~ BALTIIVIOF^E BOOK ( ( representative of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad ; a repre- sentative of the Western Maryland Railroad. The Commission has a finely-developed system under which a wide range of factory sites is listed. Real estate dealers, as well as prospective manufacturers, are constantly referring to the Commission's list whenever they have mquiries for industrial property. The City itself controls about one hundred and seventy acres of waterfront territory with direct railroad connections. The Commission is in touch with a combination of magnifi- cent buildings which have been converted into "beehive in- dustrial colonies." All of the most modern appliances, power and other manufacturing advantages are readily available on attractive terms. These buildings are situated near the junction of two railroads. The Factory Site Commission will put anyone in touch with any of the above propositions. MUNICIPAL JOURNAL The City is issuing a semi-monthly publication known as the Municipal Journal. It is devoted to the exploitation of facts about the operations of the City Government, and through this agency the public, both at home and abroad, is kept in intimate touch with all the plans and achievements of the Municipal Government. It is also provided with frequent reports of all moneys collected and how the same is being spent. It is conducted in a manner intended to familiarize Baltimoreans with all the most important data about their City. Its columns are filled with exceedingly instructive matter which never finds its way into the columns of any other publication. It lays be- fore its readers things that are planned to be done, as well as things that have actually been done, and has established itself as an institution of practical value to the community, and the community is giving it cordial support. 29 THii^ BALTIMOI^E BOOK GOVERNMENT OI' BALTIMORE The government of Baltimore is vested in the Mayor and City Council, the corporate entity. The Mayor, the Comptroller and City Council are elected by the people for a term of four years; so is also the President of the Second Branch City Council, who acts in the Mayor's stead when the latter is absent and who succeeds to the Mayoralty in event of a vacancy during an unexpired term. The Mayor appoints all heads of departments, boards, commissions, etc., subject to confirmation by the Second Branch. Baltimore is divided into 24 wards and four councilmanic districts. Each district is composed of six wards. Each ward has a representative in the First Branch and each district has two in the Second Branch. Including the President, there are nine members of the latter body. The Board of Estimates, composed of the Mayor, President of the Second Branch City Council, Comptroller, City Solicitor and City Engineer, is a co-ordinate body and passes on many measures in conjunction with the City Council, particularly those that relate to finances, granting of franchises and such. All contracts are let by the Board of Awards, the personnel of which is the same as the Board of Estimates, with the ex- ception that the City Register takes the place of the City Engineer. Harbor, North Side 31 SCENES IN DRUID HILL PARK Entrance Columbus Monument and Lake Drive Boat Lake THFt F3.ALTI1MORlB^ BOOK PARKS OF BALTIMORE 1S"i|ii^j^: ALTIMORE has a splendid system of parks. ■"•> IMjj^^^^: These are one of the features of the City. The ^^^^^■jj reservations are, or will be, all connected; that i t--^^ ^;>l2;j:^;' is, they may be reached one from the other by especially constructed boulevards, the whole system being gener- ally referred to as "Baltimore's chain of parks." The City for years has been blessed with an abundance of park area, but very recently large sections of the suburbs, north and west, were acquired, which added many acres of beautiful and picturesque territory. In making these purchases Balti- more looked far into the future. The topography of the country in some instances is almost mountainous, with beautiful streams winding in and out, the scene retaining much of its natural environment. Druid Hill is Baltimore's largest park. It is famous, for among the parks of the country it is unequaled in natural beauty. It was purchased in 1 860, and has an area of nearly 700 acres. The rugged scenery of Gwynn's Falls Park, through which flows the stream Gwynn's Falls, at times rushing like a torrent, arises to challenge Druid Hill's claim to pre-eminent beauty. Here nature's handiwork is sublime. As has been stated, the scheme of park development em- braces, as one of its important features, broad boulevards, which represent the most advanced ideas and skill in highway construction. The parks play an important part in City life, and in their administration and management are kept "abreast of the times." Many have swimming pools, which are enjoyed by thousands, and from which graduate each year scores of youthful expert swimmers. There are playgrounds for the tots, and these 33 SCENES IN BALTIMORE'S MAGNIFICENT PARKS The Old Johns Hopkins Mansion. Clifton Park View in Riverside Park SwimminB Pool in Patterson Park View in Carroll Park TMiir BAl^TlMOR^Er BOOK ( (^ especial reservations are under the direction of the Playground Association, which has professional instructors or teachers in attendance. All the parks are supplied with baseball grounds, tennis courts and other facilities for healthy sport. The parks are not supported by direct taxation, but from the receipts of the street railways, 9 per cent, of the gross receipts being devoted to this purpose. The fund thus raised, which is increasing yearly at the rate of 6 per cent., can not be diverted from the parks. This amounts to approximately $500,000 annually, which, with other sources of revenue, brings the total available for park purposes to $5 1 0,000 as a yearly income, exclusive of any loan for park Improvement and enlargement. The parks and squares of Baltimore are as follows: Acquired. Acreage. Ml. Vernon Squares (2) 1815 1.4 Washington Place Squares (2) 1815 .9 Eastern City Spring Square 1818 1.3 Patterson Park 1827 128.44 Franklin Square 1839 2.3 Jackson Square 1 844 .6 Union Square 1 847 2.0 Broadway Squares (19) 1851 5.7 Ashland Square 1851 .01 Madison Square 1853 3.4 Eutaw Place Squares (9) 1853 5.6 Lafayette Square 1859 2.9 Druid Hill Park 1860 674.16 Park Place Squares (5) 1860 1 .7 Riverside Park 1862 17.2 Fulton Avenue Squares (17) 1866 4.0 Harlem Park 1869 9.05 Wilkens Avenue Squares (7) 1870 1 .6 Perkins Spring Square 1873 1.5 Mt. Royal Squares (7) 1874 2.0 Johnston Square 1877 2.5 Federal Hill Park 1879 8.2 Collington Square 1880 5.0 Liberty Trianale 1880 .02 Tanev Place Squares (2) 1881 .8 Mt. Royal Terraces (3) 1884 2.0 Carroll Park 1890 176.74 .3.S TH 13AI/riMOF^e BOOK PARKS— Conlmuc J. Acquired. Acreage. Bolton Park (Ml. Royal Station) 1891 2.52 Fnck Triangle 1892 .05 Brewer Square 1892 .39 Bo-Lin Square 1 893 .23 Maple Place 1893 .07 Clifton Park 1895 267.26 Linden Avenue Triangle 1895 .01 Green Spring Avenue 1896 25.5 Callow Triangle 1898 .03 Gwynn's Falls Par!; 1902 389.9 Latrobe Park 1902 13.80 Swann Park 1902 n.3l Wyman Park 1903 198.39 Fifth Regiment Armory 1904 .25 City College Lot 1904 .14 Riggs Triangle 1905 .02 Venable Park 1907 C0.8I Ashburton Park (including Reservoir) 1907 92.65 Herring Run Park 1908 164.61 Charles Street Boulevard 1908 2.28 Philadelphia Road Triangle 1910 1 .0 Easterwood Park 1911 7.52 Mondawmin Squares 191 1 .26 Total Park Acreage 2,3C0.02 Baltimore's Water Supply — Loch Re 37 TM1~ B.AiyriMORE BOOK BALTIMORE A HEALTHY CITY iS'ijpi™!^;: ALTIMORE is naturally an unusually healthy Jr> llj^^^^: City, but nature has an ally in the form of a If/^mC^M)] Department of Health, which for effective work \^^^^^;Z^:^''i and successful results is second to none. The Health Department of Baltimore is regarded as a model. It wages its warfare with thoroughly modern and scientific methods. "Nip in the bud" is its slogan. With the combination — nature, vigilance and science — enlisted on the side of health, pestilence and epidemic are unknown. This is all the more gratifying when it is recalled that Baltimore is an immigrant port. To fight against the importation of disease there are very strict regulations. The Quarantine Station, connected with the Health Department, is some distance from the City, and all incoming vessels are boarded and must be given a clean bill of health by a medical officer representing the Municipality before they are allowed to proceed. Exceptional measures to combat tuberculosis are applied, and a corps of vigilant nurses is constantly working throughout the City with this object in view. These efforts have been crowned with the most gratifying results. In fact, the State, City and private organizations are rendering splendid service in the prevention of tuberculosis. There is in operation a Municipal hospital (Sydenham) for the treatment of infectious diseases. Exceptionally effective laws are enforced in the in- terest of sanitation. Inspectors pass upon edibles offered for sale to determine whether they are lit for consumption. If not, they are destroyed summarily. There is also a regulation which prescribes the quality of milk that may be sold, and inspectors with facilities for making tests are constantly at work. A department for the treatment of rabies or hydrophobia is connected with one of the hospitals. Nearly all cases of this dread malady brought to this hospital are successfully treated. 39 THi^ E3A.LTIMORe BOOK BALTIMORE HOSPITALS The hospitals of Baltimore are by no means the least of its features. The City, to the contrary, has delevoped into a mecca to which persons requirmg the most scientific treat- ment come in search of cure, and thousands from afar are entered as patients yearly. Some of the most distinguished men and women of the country have come to Baltimore in search of health, and have gone away singing praises of Balti- more hospitals. The City is very proud of its development and equipment in this respect, for to be a leader in the world's work for humanity is a very enviable reputation to enjoy. The great Johns Hopkins Hospital is a Baltimore institu- tion. It is known all over civilization and has an unexcelled record of accomplishment. This establishment has many de- partments, one of the most recent of which is The Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic; for the erection and endowment of the building Mr. Henry Phipps donated nearly one million dollars. The purpose of this clinic is primarily for the study of nervous and mental diseases and affords exceptional oppor- tunities for scientific treatment of these cases. Its laboratories are equipped with every modern appliance known to medical science. As stated elsewhere, Baltimore makes especial effort to com- bat tuberculosis, and several large State and City sanatoriums are devoted to this purpose; while Sydenham Hospital, sup- ported by the City and under the direction of the Commissioner of Health, treats infectious diseases exclusively. Some of the other leading hospitals are: Presbyterian Eye and Ear Infirmary, Hebrew Hospital, Maryland General Hospital, University of Maryland Hospital, St. Luke's Hospital, Union Protestant Infirmary, Franklin Square Hospital, United Slates Marine Hospital, Churcb Home and Infirmary, Quarantine Hospital, Mercy Hospital, St. Joseph's Hospital. 41 BALIIMUKI-.^ 1 Olil.lc. BAIHS A Typical Bathhouse The largest artificial Swimming Pool in the United States Patterson Park THFr B/ALTIMORE BOOK BALTIMORE PUBLIC BATHS The Public Baths of Baltimore represent one of the chief agencies in the City for the promotion of health and cleanli- ness. The system provides for cleansing baths, which are open all the year round in congested City districts, and recreative swimming pools, open during the summer. There are six indoor cleansing baths, which contain 225 cabms and accommodate 650,000 patrons annually, erected at a cost of $200,000. There are also five recreative swimming baths in parks and on the riverfront, which have 250,000 patrons annually. Four portable baths (which scheme originated in Baltimore) are small houses carried from one street corner to another in crowded sections. They afford hot and cold water shower baths to over 75,000 persons yearly. Two recreative centers in public parks are also equipped with shower and swimming baths. The one at Patterson Park has the largest artificial fwimming pool in the United States. The annual cost to the City for maintenance of the entire Public Bath System is about $40,000. BALTIMORE CITY COLLEGE EASTERN FEMALE 1 IIGH SCHOOL TMIir I^.AI.riMOR^e BOOI\ PUBLIC SCHOOLS In providing educational facilities for children, most liberal provision is made, and a compulsory educational law is strictly enforced. The schools are of exceptionally high standard. There are kindergartens for the very young. Night schools for those who have advanced m years, but not correspondmgly m scholastic attainment. A summer vacation school and a vocational school are a part of the system. The course of public school training terminates with graduation from the City College, Polytechnic Institute or the Girls' High Schools. Teachers entering the educational service are not only re- quired to be proficient along general lines, but they must take a two-year course of training in the Teachers' Training School. There were 84,000 pupils and 2,064 teachers during the last scholastic year. There are 1 44 schools of all kinds. Lake Monlebello — IVater Supply 45 THE^ B.ALTIMOR^E BOOIx FIRE DEPARTMENT Baltimore's Fire Department has been officially declared by experts to be one of the most thorough in the United States. It has all known mechanical devices for fighting fires. The high-pressure pipe line, which has been extended over an area of 1 70 acres in the business district (completed 1912), is the latest device and the most modern auxiliary of the fire- fighting establishment of the City. The pipe line system consists of three powerful pumps, which force water through large pipes at tremendous pressure. These pipes are, of course, all underground, but are tapped at inter- vals of 1 70 feet and connected with hydrants that bring the water to the surface. The hydrants, which are depressed be- low the sidewalk and protected by covers that can be easily removed, are systematically placed through the "down-town" district. There are at present 226 hydrants, and the number will be increased as the system is extended. Water, under great pressure, may be thrown in or against a building by means of various nozzle devices connected directly to the hydrants or with hose especially adapted to pipe line service. Baltimore has spent $1,000,000 on its pipe line. Insurance rates in the area protected by the service have been greatly reduced. The personnel of the Fire Department is of the highest type. Recruits must pass an examination, mental and physical, before entering, and the training which they subsequently receive makes them exceptionally fit for their exacting duties. The department consists of 40 engine companies, 1 8 hook and ladders, two fire boats, two water towers, two automobile hose companies, automobiles for the chief, deputy and district chiefs. The force numbers 860 men. Automobile tractors are replacing horses at the rate of ten tractors a year. An exclusive feature in connection with the signal system is a portable telephone which may be connected to the fire alarm boxes in the high pressure zone to establish communication with headquarters. Each company carries one of these portable telephones. 47 ®1 THCr BALTIMOR^e^ BOOK POLICE DEPARTMENT The Police Department of Baltimore consists of 1,129 per- sons, all told, from Commissioners down. The department, though supported by the City of Baltimore, is under the direc- tion of a board appointed by the Governor of the State. The department is splendidly disciplined, and its adminis- tration is along thoroughly modern lines. There are "traffic officers" stationed at ail points where traffic is congested. Their duty is to "keep things moving." These officers have large powers. They may summarily arrest any who show a dispo- sition not to obey to the letter the very exacting traffic laws. The officer keeps vehicles and cars "on the move" or stops them by whistle signals. In this way the problem is solved to the best advantage. The immovable "jam" that formerly occurred on down-town streets is now absent. Cars, great motor vans, automobiles and the collection of miscellaneous vehicles that crowd the thoroughfares pass along without con- fusion and unnecessary delay. Aside from the traffic squad and main body of the force, there are mounted police, motorcycle men and automobile patrol wagons; a harbor patrol, which uses a steamer and a gasoline launch. Police headquarters are at the Courthouse. Here the Police Board, the Marshal and the detectives are located. Fort McHenry 40 TM& B/M>TIMORR BOOK BALTIMORE'S WIRES UNDERGROUND In maintaining its own electrical conduit system, Baltimore stands unique as being the first American City of importance to provide underground accommodation for wires and cables transmitting all classes of electrical energy. The entire central portion of the City is served by the Municipal system, and the work of laying extensions to the more remote sections is progressing rapidly. Three million dol- lars have already been invested in the plan, and during the fall of 1912 the people of the City approved an additional loan of $2,000,000 to be expended m a continuation of the work. By virtue of certain Legislative enactment, it is made manda- tory on the part of wire-operating corporations and individuals to remove, upon notice of the completion of the system in various given districts, their poles and overhead wires and, in substitution therefor, to install cables in the conduits. The electric light and power, telephone and telegraph companies, realizing the advantages to be derived in the way of greater protection and more facile access to their equipment, heartily co-operate with the City authorities in the prosecution of the work. Furthermore, the Municipal ownership of the system insures a uniform and reasonable rate of rental for the under- ground space thus provided. MJMl PR„. ««-^--'" ■■■ ^-Vt. T'atapsco River — Quarantine SECTION OF BALllMORE-S $1 1,000,000 DOCK SYSTEM Chesapeake Bay Market Boats Lumber Pier Steamships unloading fruits THf^ B.ALTINIOI^E^ BOOK ( (j {Induslrial Section) INDUSTRIAL ADVANTAGES OF BALTIMORE •.'^MANUFACTURER must have facilities for assembling raw material at his plant. He must have facilities for gettmg a finished product on the market, and he must have a MARKET. Baltimore furnishes these accessories. First — The City has splendid railroad service in all direc- tions. It offers transportation facilities by water that are un- excelled. It is a great seaport, foreign and coastwise. It also utilizes the great Chesapeake Bay and its numerous tributaries, thus connecting with scores of towns and landings, penetrating far into Maryland and Virginia. Second — Baltimore is the natural feeder of its immediate vicinity in all directions. It has at home about 700,000 persons for whom it must provide; but it has another natural market — that tremendous area to the South and Southwest and West. This is Baltimore's undisputed sphere of industrial and com- mercial influence. Third — No Chinese Wall, in the form of excessive freight rates, separates the manufacturer from his market. Baltimore enjoys lower rates than other cities, as the table of comparative rates, given elsewhere m this book, will show. Fourth — The manufacturer in Baltimore is not harrassed by labor troubles. Fifth — Manufacturing implements — machinery, apparatus, mechanical tools actually employed in the manufacture of articles of commerce — are not taxed in Baltimore for City purposes. Sixth — Insurance rates on manufacturing and mercantile es- tablishments in Baltimore are lower relatively than in other cities. Seventli — Power, fuel and light are cheap. Wheels turn more economically in Baltimore than anywhere else. 53 THI— IJALTlNlOR^e BOOK BALTIMORE'S TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS The business associations of Baltimore, particularly the large central bodies, are important elements in the City's commercial and industrial life. There are a number of such organizations and they exert a tremendous influence. Though they have their respective spheres, they are bound by ties of business and social relationship. By cohesive action and unity of purpose they have time and again made their influence felt to the mutual benefit of the City and the thousands who maintain business relations with it. Through them the business interests of Balti- more operate upon an organized and systematized basis. The good effect is not merely local, for Baltimore is the great com- mercial and industrial headquarters of thousands of miles of territory. Organization and combined force have not only helped those who trade in Baltimore, but are largely responsible for placing the City in the front rank of the great commercial centers of the country. The usefulness of these associations is not confined to the avenues of trade. They have been aggressively active in the many successful projects for the proper civic development of Baltimore, and are vital forces in the City's welfare, Fire Boat "Deluge' Dryclock Dewey SHll'BUlLDlNG 1NDUSTRIF.S Magnetic Cranes General View, Md. Steel Co.'s Plant A Baltimore Built Ship BALTIMORE'S GREAT INDUSTRIES MANY ENTERPRISES FLOURISH IN THIS INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT Baltimore leads in Canning and Preserving; Millions worth of Fertilizer shipped; the great Straw Hat Industry; foremost Clothing Manu- facturing Centre; Copper Refining; large Cotton Duck Plants; Steel Rails; Shipbuilding Interests, etc.; cheap Light and Fuel; no Labor Troubles. W^'^k,^ CCORDING to the United States Census of 1910 there were, at that time, within the City limits of Baltimore (which is 31-3 square miles in area) 2502 manufacturing establishments, comprising 123 specific industries, employing 9369 salaried employees and 7 1 ,444 wage-earners, who were paid annually $41,742,000. The annual value of their output was $186,- 978,000. The capital represented by these enterprises amounted to $164,437,000, not including the value of rented buildings. A reliable compilation during 1910 shows that the Baltimore industrial district (that area contiguous to and including the City of Baltimore) produced manufactured prod- ucts to the value of $265,000,000 yearly. A later compila- tion made in 1914 shows that the manufactured products of this district had increased in value to $300,000,000. This makes Baltimore one of the foremost mdustnal centers of the United States. 57 BALTIMORE'S PICTURESQUE HARBOR Chesapeake Bay Pungies Unloading tropical fruils Immigrants disembarking THi^ l3/ALriNlC)I^E 1300K LEADS IN CANNING AND PRESERVING Baltimore ranks first among the cities of the United States in the canning and preserving industry, which employs thousands of workers. Its annual product is valued at millions of dollars. MANUFACTURE OF CLOTHING In the manufacture of clothing Baltimore occupies a leading position. United States Census of 1910 shows that the value of men's and women's clothing (including shirts, overalls, etc.) amounts annually to $41,000,000. These industries employ 24,000 persons. Most of this clothing is of the higher grades. There are 393 establishments in Baltimore, some of them the largest in the world. SHIPS MOST FERTILIZER More fertilizer is shipped from Baltimore than from the com- bined manufacturing plants of any other State. The value of fertilizer produced in Baltimore annually is $16,000,000. THE GREAT STRAW HAT INDUSTRY The straw hat mdustry is represented by establishments em- ploying thousands of hands, producing millions of dollars' worth of goods yearly. COPPER The copper smelting and refining works and coppersmithing in Baltimore represent for plants an investment of $20,000,- 000. Baltimore has the largest copper refining plant in America. C opper exported from Baltimore during the year ending October 31, 1913, amounted to 134,000 tons. Baltimore's industrial activity extends to so many branches that it is impossible to discourse specifically upon all, but the following are some of the chief enterprises, in many of which THEr BALTIMOR^E BOOK the City leads, and in all occupies a foremost position as a producer : IRON AND STEEL FERTILIZER STRAW HATS CLOTHING CANDY COPPER CANS FLAVORING EXTRACTS SOAP BOTTLE STOPPERS SHOES OYSTER INDUSTRY COTTON DUCK MEDICINES GAS ENGINES UMBRELLAS STEEL RAILS DRUGS, SPICES, TEAS, COFFEE ROASTING CANVAS AND LEATHER BELTING SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT PACKING SASHES, DOORS, BLINDS, LUMBER PRINTING AND PUBLISHING FLOUR AND GRIST MILLS BREAD AND BAKERIES FURNITURE CAR BUILDING GAS RANGES, WATER HEATERS AND GAS METERS GLASSWARE, BOTTLES AND WINDOW GLASS STOVES, RANGES AND PLUMBERS' SUPPLIES CANNING AND PRESERVING VEGETABLES MACHINERY AND MACHINISTS' SUPPLIES TOBACCO (cigars AND CIGARETTES) SHIRTS, OVERALLS, ETC. 61 < - Z .2 Z - < 3 Ud • = a s 6 z < j: >- £ a: 6 X « uj E TM& BALllMOR^e^ BOOK ELECTRIC POWER FROM THE SUSQUEHANNA i^i^ig^^HERE has been developed for Baltimore a Irv^ftQ^ tremendous source of electric energy. Across W(f©B^^^ the Susquehanna River, at McCall Ferry, is the ^§ ^=^ ::^ third longest dam in the world, exceeded only by the dams at Keokuk, Iowa, on the Mississippi River, and at Assouan, on the Nile. Behind this barrier, which is half a mile long, 55 feet high and 65 feet thick, the Susquehanna River forms a lake eight miles in length. Their foundations resting on the bed rock of the river, the power-house and dam contain 300,000 cubic yards of con- crete. The power-house provides space for ten units, with a total maximum capacity of 1 35,000 horse-power. From McCall Ferry, in a straight line, the steel towers and the aluminum cables of the transmission line stretch to Balti- more, 40 miles away, where the harnessed river drives the wheels of the City's industries and lights the homes and streets. Independent steam generating stations, storage batteries and an unexcelled distribution system assure adequate, efficient, never-failing service. Baltimore offers the manufacturer cheap electric power in abundance. The rates for electric power in Baltimore are the lowest on the Atlantic Seaboard. The harnessed river furnishes the power necessary to propel the street cars of the extensive transit system of Baltimore and its suburbs. Power from the Susquehanna moves the trains in the Belt Line Tunnel of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, beneath the City of Baltimore, one of the earliest electrically- operated tunnels in the world. The entire power requirements of the Maryland Electric Railways Company, which operates the converted steam road connecting Baltimore with Annapolis, come from the same source. Abundant power at low rates, with an efficient and compre- hensive service, gives Baltimore a tremendous advantage, which no manufacturer can afford to overlook. 6,^ PLAY-GROUND bCF.NES Recreation centers have a telling influence . :ity lite THf^ BA^LTIMOR^E BOOK NO LABOR TROUBLES Baltimore has practically no labor troubles. After the great fire, the City was rebuilt without one strike. Owing to conditions that obtain in no other large community, the capitalist and laborer maintain a status which enables them to operate to their mutual interest, and to the benefit of the whole industrial situation. Baltimore seems totally unaffected by those periodic gusts of labor agitation that sweep over one section of the country or another, unsettling conditions, causing industrial distress and financial loss. The City is exceptionally fortunate in this respect, primarily because of natural conditions. The working class is enabled to live well. The abundance of seasonable foodstuffs at reason- able prices, cheap rents, the opportunity to buy homes on the easiest terms are elements which contribute to the contented condition of the laboring man. In Baltimore he gets the most out of life for himself and his family. The average laborer owns his home. Tenements are practically unknown. Then there is plenty of work and plenty of workmen. Industrial tranquillity lasts the year round. J1 Bcc Hio. of Indusirj 65 TMl— BALTIMORLB BOQI\ BALTIMORE'S FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Few cities enjoy the enviable reputation of Baltimore for sound financial methods, or have a larger number of success- fully conducted banks and trust companies. Baltimore is noted for its excellent banking facilities. There has not been a bank failure in Baltimore for many years, and the conflagration of 1904, which caused a loss esti- mated at $125,000,000, resulted in no embarrassment to the City's financial organizations, except that arising from the destruction of buildings. There is ample capital in Baltimore for legitimate enter- prises. It is not a City given to the encouragement of "wildcat" schemes, but sound projects can find substantial backing. BONDING The first bonding or surety company was organized in Bal- timore. This City occupies a commanding position in this branch of finance. Millions of dollars are invested here in bonding enterprises. The assets of numerous companies total millions. They have branches practically all over the world ; in fact, Baltimore is the bonding headquarters of the world. INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS Baltimore has a series of modern "Industrial" or "Beehive" buildings, where heat, light, power and space in proportion to the large or small needs of any and all kinds of industries can be had on terms and conditions attractive even to infant enter- prises. This enables enterprises to be started without the usual capital outlay required for investment in land and building. It offers to local industries and to those outside the City, desiring to establish operations here, every essential factory requirement that can be obtained by the most successful manufacturers. '^Commercial Section COMMERCE AND TRANSPORTATION A Splendid Harbor; Grain rapidly handled; low Freight Rales; Magnificent Piers; Steamship Lines; Great Railroads, with termi- nals at deep water, centre in Baltimore; Colossal Municipal Piers; Great Jobbing Trade; Plants and Machinery Exempt from Taxa- tion, etc. ^' reason of its geographical location, the Cit\', from the verj- first days of the "iron horse," be- came a railroad center. It has, also, always been one of the important seaports of the country. That Baltimore lived and thrived may be attributed to its natural maritime advantages. It early became a distributing point for merchandise that came over all seas and from all lands. It sent, and still sends, back ships burdened with products of every section of this country. Long before steam became the propelling force of commerce, Baltimore's supremacy was assured. The Baltimore clipper was famous ; it was sailing every sea and was seen in ever\- port. The City has a largely-developed trade in every respect, particularly through the South. Being of the South, this seems natural, but Baltimore is not dependent upon sentiment alone. As the metropolis of the South, Baltimore is the natural source of supply of this section, and its trade throughout the vast country is large and ever-increasing. Nor is Baltimore's sphere of commercial influence confined to the great region south of the Mason and Dixon Line. Its merchants are invad- ing the North. They have captured a good percentage of trade of Pennsylvania and New "\'ork State, and are success- fully operating in the Ohio \ 'alley. As a jobbing center Baltimore ranks among the foremost cities of the United States. Its jobbing trade, comprising prin- cipally dry goods, groceries, food products, drugs and tobacco, represent annually $230,000,000, which, with its commission business of $100,000,000, brings the total to $330,000,000. 69 TMl— B.ALTlMOR^& BOOK THE HARBOR OF BALTIMORE Baltimore has a splendid harbor. The channel leading from Baltimore is 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide, and there is a project under way to deepen it to 40 feet and to make it 1 000 feet wide. Baltimore is on the Patapsco River, a tributary of Chesa- peake Bay, and is about 1 50 nautical miles from the Atlantic Ocean as vessels travel. The harbor may be said to begin where the Patapsco and the bay meet, about 1 4 miles from the center of the City. There are 1 8 miles of dockage and waterfront within the contracted City limits, and many times that area in the im- mediate environs. Baltimore harbor, even within the City limits proper, can accommodate the largest vessels. Such, for instance, as liners of 20,000 tons displacement or more enter and leave Balti- more harbor. Baltimore has a busy waterfront. It is very picturesque and is a shelter for all manner of craft, from the ponderous Atlantic liner to the Chesapeake Bay oyster pungy. TMIjr^ B-ALTIMOR^E BOOK GRAIN RAPIDLY HANDLED Baltimore has long been justly famous for handhng quanti- ties of export grain and has largely contributed to the nation's wealth through these facilities. Railroads had the foresight to build the present terminal elevators, which have a capacity of 5,000,000 bushels, and to properly equip them with dryers to give "out of condition" grain deserved attention. They also established great terminal yards with facilities for rapid and safe unloading of cars. The elevators can place 2,000,000 bushels of grain aboard vessels in a day, and this capacity will soon be increased. Vessels are loaded while in deep water alongside the elevators, avoiding the use of lighters and floating elevators. The railroads have in every other way supported the efforts of grain merchants, who, for years, have labored to make this a favored market for domestic and export grain. Baltimore Chamber of Commerce weighing and inspection departments are models of their kind, giving confidence and security at home and abroad. Much Canadian grain comes to Baltimore for export and is handled so satisfactorily that tonnage is constantly increasing. On grain for export from the Great Lakes there is a differ- ence of three-tenths of a cent per bushel in Baltimore's favor, compared with New York and Boston. Nine-tenths is the present difference in Baltimore's favor on grain from the West, arriving all rail. I Crafoi for/isi I NORTH !? I Sisma.rl< • ' I , r f II l)0>tlMO.\ OF CADl/iDA Jfaratitt; yritfttren.' ■■=^ ItmlrtAl / J •■ rrt^trxlm SOUTH i ^^"•""^/"/n *P/re \ JImdtr, tPenioLU ^f<..y.fici 3 0-5 wft MAP OF BALTIMORES SPHERE OF COMMERCIAL INFLUENCE This should be consulted in connection with the freight rate and mileage tables (exhibits I. 2. 3, 4). on succeeding pages. These tabUs show by comparative figures how much CHEAPER freight rates Baltimore enjoys to and from points on this map, than do cities to the North and East of Baltimore /Comparative freight rate tabUs andmiU- ^^ age schedule, which shows conclusively the great advantage enjoyed by Baltimore, because of its geographical location. These were compiled from information furnished by Mr. Herbert Sheridan. Traffic Manager of the Chamber of Commerce,ivhose courteous assistance is gratefully acknowledged. u o O r2 3 f V> o ^ T o^ cr ^ ■n- o~ Or^ vD u^ cr r^ T ^ > rsi 'T ""^ <^ >V| < ifl s ^ s s s :S rj. s S;;; ^ a s ^ ^ S s ?\ X a ■* 5 s 3 f^ S S S K jpr^ c;; u^ fQ s s 'C s s^ u (/) Q _J M o vO ^D nO g g r^ vD cr\ c < o c- " = CT fc rv 00 1 ~~~ c- o- ■«■ ~ 0^ r^ <£> "TT" ~ ■~~" ~ •£> ■ a t £ s 3 g s 5 K ^ :^ ^ ic ? S S s t^ ^ < rg vC vC vC (^ c ^ r^ g C c _j O CO rv 00 CC 00 00 r; u^ rv 00 ./- «n u u "~ z N s s 5 § § 5; a 5 g 3 g s § « S 3 ss s CO ^ oc t 'T u-> 0^ vC -r .j^ _ rN ^ vC ^ c CO ro '" s=; o a cr ■^ c~ '^ r o- t^ 0- '^ rv £ CM 00 S ^ 2 § S aJ 5 ^0 ^ CO £ >n SE 0^ 3 s fC: '" o?^ o c; - a~ ~ C- 5 2 2 j „ in M I: in ■^ TT ■« ■<) ■* c t CM CM CO Tf f •* CM fO M I; m r~ evj § s s CM CM ^ r~ to ^ CM f^^ •X f CM (C to «t iO "" in IT • intc s C n in P I ' 2 [« 5 < < u r^ g oc S 5 s s 00 1- !£ s 5S s ^S s S 00 M s ^:; CM t- IT Cvj CM f^ in CM r^ fo 'Q. CM •<3- CM IT f^ s „ Sli in oc OC •Ol Ol 00 00 h- O) inuj '^ in'* Oi IV CO 00 o 00 CM r- W 00 OS r~ t^ in g ss t~ 05 00 •* CM 00 ^ . M o> » o c r-. 00 01 (0 o> <£> IB -c — 7 ^ 7 1 3 < < 7 < < C < 5 z < (A 1" < > '$ o / a: / ! b. / 1 1 i 1 1 Z > u. < Z Z i (« < < < 1 i i < ffi < a s CQ 1 \ j o Q z y a z Z z 5) _] _i S 5 S H o: < u LlJ ^ ~ 5 z cc: CC 5 n > -J c5 )) u s _ Q Z I CJ a: D < < d J Z CC c- y CQ _ z Z z H f- D Qi X X < < S-, i < < < < < < < < m CO u U u u Q Q u.^ 3 t^ 00 <^ o S >fV '^ i-M ■^ ./- ~c u- ^ • r — ''^ "'■ ^1 r^ ■^ '^ r^ 1- ^ sC ^ r^ O vO -r rr - r-n 5s CO S cc T ^ fNl u^ sO r<-, ,n 00 CO T vO 1 ^c<^ r^ 00 u- c? r-l C u-\ _ r^ u^ !$S 00 ^ -1- ^ - ^O 'T O^ C- cc o- oc .TN OC •O ■^ o "" ^ rg ^ 1 cc oC •r o o- ^ o I^ 1^1 ^ 00 o s s 1 5r^ u^ O c o- vD CI sO ?n o- - — t^ CO ^ ? S; ^ ■q ~ "5 "7 ~ r-j ~ ^ ? (J- — c; P! _ rM ^ o xO ^ o _ ^ ^ ? _ .7^ s~ s o ^i! CO - 1 rr\ l-M •^ sO T U-- rr, ^ ~ T u^ vD ■"^ T r^ u-^ ^0 O^ ^ O o U-v ^ O u-^ r<^ O un ^ ^ •O f^ u^ 3 r^ u^ I-V4 ''■ ^ ^O r^ "^ ^ CO vD O- T CO ^ lO ^ u-> _ (^ O ^ rr CO _ u^ CO CO -c CO T -O <^1 ■^ -O l~vj u^ CO "^ CO O pr\ r^ OO U-. ^ ^ g ^ u-v ^ r^ O CO ^ i ^ r<\ vD T o~ a- 00 o- o- u-s ■^ ^ f^ o o CO u- r^ ^ ^ ^ I 1 ^ _ ^ t--I u^ _ l-si fNI ^ CO sO ^ T t^ o o CO o- <: - -^ ■^ ~ ~ ia CO 9 T ?; ^ T - :R J^j .^^ r^ ^j ^ ~ •r - ~ - W 1-^ >n s -o ^ o ^0 ^ U-, O -o ^ _ ^ ^ <^l ^ ~D o ''■ 'T T ^ f^ ^ U-^ -o ■^ T c^ S O o O ^ r^l O ^ CO lO u-v _ t-^l !r<^ r~) f^ lO o 3 ''■ u% r?; ^ r^ ■^ sD "^ u^ pO CO _ vO O- T CO ^ ^ T ^ 5 f ^ _ a- CO « S !>n r^ 00 OO -O 00 ■^ ^ o ir^ U-v o~ r^ CO Is r^ 5^ § £ O^ a l;^ § ?; £ S S s 2 &' 8 t^ CO ■CO ■«• 8 CO ^ 42 ^ ./-\ o-\ O^ >o >o _ ^ _ cc »^ u^ o o o o x> r^ o sC 00 ~ ~ ■" 353 2 o <£> CT> tc o 00 O 2> — to in 00 00 J N ■* '^ (N « to a>in 00 to tM « 1 M CM s m <£> ro m •* ■* CM CO to in t~ ■* in fS to n m 00 in 00 r-o 00 in r- in M 00 «5 '^ t~. M '£> in in n in 00 to 00 in 53 in s S! s s oc ^ i S t^ to ?:! ^S s S s ^ £ ;i2 N m t» O g 18 in to ^ 00 to t~N r» CM 2 t» 00 ? in 05 o o C 0) esj to cv in r« o tn r* i < > 5 ¥ < "1 (J < < > i < > < U o < O O i s < s z ! 1 z 1 i t/i c/i < i z z 5 u >■ < 5 c O ; UJ > z 1 O a: CO X Z 1 z < 5 2 u. P z X z CQ ■ s Di z C Z X 5 5 z z CC ca z < < a. t/3 e < c z 1 1 z ^ o < z Z u. Z o z a. < OH 1 D H i ^ Be g ^ E c' .. g J ^ t^ -I -g " -s; ^1 go I i I J S I ™ ffitjcj 2 * ill 1 £- S n ° ^.^^^ £ ° w >.£ m c Q. g _ -°5^ o i 2-^ o ■^ S o c _2 j«.«2 * * g^ E ° ~- 2 -° 0>>>>>0> 5 — D " S t/1 !; £ > eJ-J^^ 5;i ,r- ° :£ cS P :2 a rA o - 00 °i ^ o _ ^ fA o t> o rr> r^ c\ 1 to rvi rsi rM ~ " .A 1- ^ "^ ^ ./-, o ^ -£> o^ S t^ fO OO -o ._ <£> P;j ;q ^! 2 s r^ S ?^ S S :Q s p; S i::: a S 1 Ui ^ . a: in ^ o ^ u-l sO CO o o OO OO ti u^ o 1 O >> IVJ (VI o 1 z o T f cr, ro u^ ,A 1 o H vO — s s s u^ O f >rs >r. ^ -r "^ CO f<> ^ i^ ~o 1 m - S IC s 2^ s; s s s g ;c ;c 8 O^ CO il s ^ 1 2 ?j Ol in r^ 2 in tJl o ^a CM o 00 in CM to f^ "" " " M " CM CM CM N CM CM ■" CM CM u, M t~ M 00 o M o CO in r~ t^ in to o in CM r~ CM ^a N - S CVI M CM CM CM CM CO CO CO u a: CO V r^ cv) M ■» to to t^ O CM CM CM O) to 2 00 CM o UJ rj fo CM N CM to CM CO to to ■ CM ■ 00 t^ 1 < J C d o O ~Q ~< Q > >- Z id < o Q - - 5 I X I Z > 2 ^ U z H a. :s 2 / * c c O ^ H s / o / a: / u. / / TO ARLF.STON _. £ c < 2 2 c 2 Q 2 < u. i 2 u. 2 < Z o 2 F 2 < 2 < 2 C h c 2 X ^ - S 5 t < X C u. h < X Ll / I I -J C 1^ § uJ C < Ll 1- ^ <- I- c L, (_ C u. I _ — Z a a !/ h 78 >!-> ur u^ ■^ u^ >A >A u^ £ .X <> » — <--) — — rsl — u^ • ^ u^ O u^ CO >n s (^ ^ r- •O Q. ^ ^ ^ .n ^ vD 8 O^ '3 ■^ •° o O s f^ ~o ^ O ^ ~D i> '^ ~ ■TT to ;o 1 Sj ^ ^ J >^ in ?S S ^ ;?, ;:^ ;^ ^ s ^ ? ;5 S 00 S s S z '/) .n >n ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ c> d d d ? d d 1 ^ Tl- ^ '^ r?; s< ^ ^ m ^ ^ '^ ? ^ < u^ CO - o ^ 9 ?j 9 i? s ^5 S ^ :s g 9 s o % u s •o o CO ~d i ■c d •o 2 o s £ » z N sO ~o o CO "^ 1^ "^ ■^ 5 >/~. .rs U-N .^ ./^ z ^ &• ":; ~ "^ ■° o ■^ sD '^ o C^ -o CO -T ■o CO '^ J TT- ■TTr ■TT" ~ ;o ^1 '^' ^ ^1 Si ^ ^1 ^' ^' S< " Si ~ " t^ ^ i o- o~ ?. ? ?< d ?i OO % i 1 < u, ^ " m !^ ^ "^ J^ J J S z ■* f ?; s i "^ i ?; S S ^ ^ T f i? % o " i s ^ i ^ i :;; - i - i S JS i s S •^ i ca ^d cs -o •^ •D o f^ o S f^ -o o -o f^ 'J' -o CO ■^ ^ .j^ TN u^ o^ ..'^ s o 1 CO '~~ 'co '^ ;5 ■^ O ■^ s >f> c^ o~ Xi ' ~in~ ~ in "in" "in" "in" "in" "in" i u= 00 N ad n 00 o (M CO „ 00 •* N CO to g C-4 M M N CM N 1 5 in s S s ?3 ^ S s S s s s S 2 s S S 2 ■^ in in in in "^ m in in in J u •r « in » 00 1 ;^ •r 3 S S ^ 1 5 BOSTON MILES 1,089 1,013 479 952 1,002 925 662 800 858 946 1,195 1,039 1,122 633 336 1,187 1,037 773 440 802 757 NEW ^ORK MILES 876 800 411 739 908 751 576 631 790 812 982 865 1,002 441 343 1,034 843 689 227 389 544 BALTIMORE MILES 689 613 382 552 782 578 449 505 728 686 795 875 314 156 917 658 562 40 402 357 < h / < < 5 < < C < u E u 2 I a. < 1 _ _ I L. 5 O X o f < i i 2 X o c < > o X o i o d: C 2 < Q Z < z < c z u. > z c < u. I _1 _ < c a h t a < > c z i O a; C 5 < z z < o X o o Q P 2 1 U z 2 O 2 u. < 2 h 2 ) ) I HI- i3.ALriMORLe 130C)I\ ( ( SPLENDID RAILROAD TERMINAL FACILITIES Wiji^i^^^^^ ALTIMORE is the local and reshipping market J^lMjj^^^^i for the fish, oyster and crab supplies of the fertile l//^iC^)W)] waters of the Chesapeake Bay and tributary rivers Wi^^^ ^^S'- ^^'^ streams. The railroads, Baltimore and Ohio, Pennsylvania and West- ern Maryland, have carfloats, large docks with warehouses, cranes and facilities for receiving, storing and shipping all kinds of raw material and manufactured articles. Lighterage com- panies have a multiplicity of tugs, scows and lighters, expediting commerce of the port. The Baltimore and Ohio system has domestic and export elevators, hay sheds, terminals and storage warehouses, coal piers, and maintains general offices in Baltimore. The Balti- more and Ohio freight yards are extensive and reach all por- tions of the City. About 1 0,000 employees are located in Baltimore. The Pennsylvania Railroad system has division offices in Baltimore and extensive terminals. The company's export and domestic elevators, hay sheds and many terminal and storage warehouses are of the usual high type, and a new passenger station facilitates travel. The Western Maryland Railway, like the other railroads above named, has freight terminals in the business district and storage warehouses at convenient locations. In addition, docks and warehouses on the waterfront give it opportunities for prompt handhng of export, import and domestic shipments. The co-operation between the Western Maryland and New York Central lines through the extension from Cumberland to Connellsville, and connection with the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad, greatly benefits Baltimore, since new tonnage is ' 81 i NEW UNION STATION. PENNA. R. R. MT. ROYAL STATION, B N (; K H. THJ^ BALTINIOR^E BOOK handled between Baltimore and the West under attractive conditions. The Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad, operating be- tween Baltimore and York, Pa. (77 miles), has a large dairy and slate, as well as suburban passenger, busmess. The Canton Railroad is a terminal railroad of Baltimore offering connecting line switching service on advantageous terms to industries located on the extensive waterfront property of the Canton Company. PLANTS AND MACHINERY THAT ARE EXEMPT FROM TAXATION Under a City Ordinance, authorized by an Act of Assembly, mechanical tools, implements, machinery and manufacturing apparatus, actually employed in the manufacture of articles of commerce in Baltimore, are exempted from City taxes, pro- vided application be made annually before a specified time. Following is a table of exemptions from 1896 to 1913: 1896 $3,405,035 1897 4,695,518 1898 4,829,912 1399 4,178,945 1900 5,593,270 190! 4,671.730 1902 4,875.396 1903 5,734.446 1904 6,203,784 1905 6,177,262 1906 7,527.328 1907 8,067.442 1908 8 842.573 1909 8.878,644 1910 9,434.978 1911 9.829,312 1912 10,406,817 1913 1 1.415,660 83 THt7 BALTIMORE h30C)K COAL AND COKE The position Baltimore occupies in its ability to move, by rail and water, bituminous coal from the enormous deposits in Maryland and West Virginia gives the City a commanding position in the soft coal trade. There are 5,000,000 tons of coal annually exported from Baltimore. Baltimore consumes 1 ,000,000 tons a year. The United States Collier Neptune recently took on at one of the coal piers 15,000 tons in one day. The short haul on coke from the ovens to Baltimore and nearness of limestone deposits make this City an ideal place for the smelting of ore from Cuba and Spain. Steel can be manu- factured into railroad supplies under advantageous conditions and sent by water at low cost to home and foreign ports. Ccal Piers of the Baltimore and Ohio Roilroad 85 THI^ RALTIMOR^K BOOK STEAMSHIP LINES Baltimore, being one of the great ports of the Atlantic Coast, is in constant commercial intercourse with all parts of the world. There is a score or more lines of steamships en- gaged regularly in foreign trade, and they are represented by a multiplicity of vessels. Foreign steamship lines having regular sailings from Balti- more are: Johnston Line, Baltimore to Liverpool. North German Lloyd, Baltimore to Bremen. Holland-America Line, Baltimore to Rotterdam. Lord Line, Baltimore to Belfast, Cardiff and Dublin. Atlantic Transport Line, Baltimore to Havre and London. Hamburg-American Line, Baltimore to Hamburg. United Fruit Co. Line, Baltimore to Port Antonio, Jamaica. Red Star Line, Baltimore to Antwerp. Furness Line, Baltimore to Leith. Creole Line, Baltimore to Italy. English-American Line, Baltimore to Huelva, Spain. Scandinavian-America Line, Baltimore to Copenhagen. United Fruit Company, Baltimore to Santo Domingo. Atlantic Fruit Company, Baltimore to Jamaica. Atlantic Fruit Company, Baltimore to Cuban ports. Munson Line, Baltimore to Havana and Colon. Earn Line, Baltimore to the West Indies. Lanasa & Goffe Importing and Steamship Company, Balti- more to Port Antonio, Jamaica, and Cuban ports. Aside from the above, there are hundreds of steamships of the "tramp" or transient class, which are constantly arriving or leaving port; also that rapidly vanishing class of vessels, the "square riggers." 87 TM\~ BALIIMORLer BOOK Steamships which regularly ply between Baltimore and Atlantic Coast ports are fitted for first-class passenger service as well as freight. Commodious steamers leave daily, going north and south, carrying hundreds of passengers and tons of freight. It is estimated that I 3,000 craft of all character sail be- tween Baltimore and points on Chesapeake Bay and its tribu- taries. These vessels traverse all navigable waters of Mary- land and Virginia, touching at the larger cities and numerous obscure landings. Bay steamers, as a rule, are large and modern, having excellent passenger accommodations. The oyster pungy, other small sailing craft and a multitude of power boats carry much of Baltimore's Chesapeake Bay com- merce. Great Grain EleVatofs of I he Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 89 A GLIMPSE OF THE SUBURBS The country is very picturesque and offers limitless opportunities for splendid development TU\^ t3ALTIMOR^E BOOK (Domestic Section) LIVING CONDITIONS Baltimore a Cily of Owned Homes; Reasonable Food Prices; Cheap Rents and Fine Markets; Excellent Street Car Service; Excep- tionally Good Climate; Oysters, Crabs and all Edibles in Abund- ance; Baltimore offers a Great Opportunity to "Live Well." ^^i T has been stated that Bahimore is a City of homes. It is more than this. Baltimore is a City of OWNED homes. Houses of any class maybe ^3 purchased upon terms that place OWNERSHIP within reach of the most humble wage-earner. The report of the British Board of Trade, which made an exhaustive inquiry into the cost of living in American cities, lends force to this statement. It says: "Houre ownership among the working classes of Bahimore has made great progress, and among American cities Baltimore claims to take a leading place in this respect. "In 1900, 20.5 per cent, of all private dwellings in the City were owned unencumbered by their occupants; 7.4 per cent, were owned, but encumbered, while 72.1 per cent, were hired. The number of building loan societies is very large, some 200 having meeting places in the City. "The future owner (purchaser) must, as a rule, provide about one-third of the proposed cost of the dwelling, and the society advances the balance and issues shares to the same amounts, upon which interest of 6 per cent, is charged until they are paid up; but in the meantime the borrower is entitled to dividends upon these shares. "The single family dwellings enjoy an absolute predomi- nance in Baltimore," says the report. 91 SUBURBS OF BAI IIMoKI Well paved streets and boulevards, li.uikrd b\ st THf^ BALTlMORg^ BOOK "In 1900 the percentage of families in dwelling-houses occu- pied by one family was 72.6, while the percentage in dwelling- houses occupied by two families was 20, and the percentage in dwelling-houses occupied by three of more families v/as 7.4." This same report goes on and describes Baltimore as a "City of practically no tenements," as the tenement evil is understood in connection with other cities, and is authority for the state- ment, which is a well-known and established fact, that a house in Baltimore can be rented for about one-half a similar house in a like neighborhood can be rented for in New York. Baltimoreans, at least, know how to live. Of the 1 15,243 private dwellings in the City, about 50 per cent, are two stories in height, modern in every detail, and are usually very attrac- tive. Many of the latest styles are "detached," have orna- mental bay windows, and each, by law, must be provided with a bathtub and the best sanitary appliances. A real home in Baltimore is within reach of all. And this home is on a good street, in a respectable neighborhood. Balti- moreans are not stowed away in the uppermost stories of un- healthy, insanitary tenement houses, with dubious and doubtful associates under the same roof, and in an atmosphere of social, physical and moral impurity. Baltimore has many stately mansions amid the environment of wealth and dignity, which are very impressive, but the thou- sands of small dwellings, sheltering thousands of contented families, each dweller in his or her own "castle," offer a splendid object-lesson. The excellent system of street car lines enables a person to reach any part of Baltimore for a 5 -cent fare, which also in- cludes one free transfer. This is a great boon to the wage- earner who desires to live in the open, away from the office, factory and workshop. 93 BALTIMORE MARKETS Three views of Lexington ma.ket. possibly the most famous m the country TMii^ BALTiMORer B001\ BALTIMORE MARKETS The habit of "going to market" is so fixed a custom, and so generally practiced as a part of the domestic routine by the Baltimore housekeeper, that markets are supported and flourish as they do nowhere else. Moreover, the markets, on market days, are one of the sights of the City. Few strangers come to Baltimore who do not join the picturesque throng at one of these centers. To see these markets in "full blast" is indeed in- teresting. Not only the markets themselves, but all approaches for squares take on the market environment. Along the streets are hundreds of wagons, converted into stalls, and scores of improvised shops line the curb; the flower girl, the ubiquitous faker, the country folk, the thrifty housewife, making her dis- criminating purchases, is a spectacle well worth witnessing. Lexington Market is the most noted and is, possibly, without a serious rival in the country. It is very central, being con- tiguous to, in fact within, the retail shopping district. It is three squares long, but the market's "sphere of influence" ex- tends for squares in all directions. All markets are owned and under the control of the Mu- nicipality. Centre Market, built after the fire of February, 1 904, on the site of Marsh Market, which was destroyed, is a splendid mod- ern structure. It cost $500,650 and extends from Baltimore to Pratt street, three blocks. There are two great halls over the northern (Baltimore street) end, which are used by the night classes of the Maryland Institute. Twelve hundred pupils may be comfortably accommodated here. There is also another large hall above the produce section, which will seat 2500 persons. The wholesale and retail fish market, connected with the Centre, has been pronounced the most complete in the world. The Baltimore markets are: Belair, Canton, Centre, Cross Street, Fells Point, Hanover, Hollins, Lafayette, Lexington, Northeast, Richmond. 95 TM& BALTlMORE^ BOOK A NOTED FOOD SUPPLY CENTER i:^^i|jiiiii^j^.: ALTIMORE'S markets are a success because ilifl™^^^' °^ ^^^ great variety and character of the food- //^^q)B )) stuff s on sale. The investigators for the British |l^^^;;2i:^:; Board of Trade, who recently made a study of hving conditions in American cities, were struck by this ad- vantage, and in their report said: "Baltimore is a noted food supply center — -fruits, vegetables, dairy products, poultry and meat are produced in the fertile districts of the State of Maryland, and the shores of the Chesa- peake are especially favorable for those branches of agriculture. The City is remarkable among the large cities of the United States for the abundance and varied character of its retail markets. In the principal districts of the City are covered markets, where all kinds of meat, vegetables, fruit, butter and eggs are on sale." The report also refers to the extensive patronage enjoyed by the markets, and the great number of butcher stalls receive particular mention. Baltimore is smgularly fortunate as to food supply, as the British report says. Things regarded as luxuries elsewhere are here matters of every-day commonplace diet. The City being situated within two hours' ride of the mountains, and at the very door of a great truckmg region (the adjacent counties of Mary- land), has a wonderful advantage. The great Chesapeake Bay and the Patapsco River yield up an enormous supply of crabs, oysters and fish. Several lines of steamers bring tropical fruits in abundance. Maryland is the home of the terrapin and the canvas-back, and Baltimore is the gastronomic center, where these delicacies are prepared and where they are consumed in large quantities. Baltimore offers the best of foodstuffs in abundance ; its markets bulge with the products of the season; reasonable prices make it possible for those of limited income to enjoy the benefits of these exceptional advantages, facts that contribute to Balti- more's reputation as an exceptionally desirable place of residence. 97 WASHINGTON MONUMENT AND VICINITY This is the first monument erected to C'.eorge Wiishingtc 1 Ml^ H.ALl INlOI^b^ l^OOK MISCELLANEOUS SECTION Population; Baltimore a Leading Educational Centre; Aquatic Sports; Theatres; Hotels; Churches; Monuments; Climate; Points of In- terest; Chronological History from 1603 to 1913. ■\^ VERY unique situation is presented in connection with the enumeration of the population of BaUi- more. According to the United States Census Report for 1910, its population within the City limits was then 558,485; while its population, including those persons who reside just beyond the City limits, was 647,884. This condition was of sufficient import to call from Director Durand of the Census a special report (August, 1911). In this he referred to the distinction to be made in favor of Balti- more when comparing the population of cities. The numerical peculiarity concerning Baltimore's population arises from the fact that its corporate limits have not been extended corre- spondingly as the City's inhabitants have multiplied. The census reports show that Baltimore has actually grown apace, and is the most densely populated City m the country, but that thousands of Baltimoreans who live "just over the line" are not listed as residents. At the same time they are not divided from the corporate limits by squares of unimproved lots, but live on well-paved streets, in "built-up " sections which, in some instances, extend a mile beyond the present limits. Thus, according to the census of 1910, about 90,000 per- sons (since greatly increased in numbers) outside the technical bounds are so essentially a part of Baltimore in their business and social relations that they should be included when a com- parison of cities is made. Baltimore has 3 I 73 square miles within its contracted limits, and its population within these bounds is, according to the census, 558,485. St. Louis, with 61 V< square miles, twice the area of Baltimore, has a population of 687,029. St. Louis ranks fourth, but Baltimore would no doubt arise to dispute that claim if its area were doubled, 99 GOUCHER (Woman'srCollege) COLLEGE II ■' MARYLAND INSTITUTE-School of Art and Desipn TM& BALTlMORLe BOOK ( ( BALTIMORE AN EDUCATIONAL CENTER Baltimore, as a center of learning, is proud of one of the leading institutions of the world — the Johns Hopkins Univer- sity. This is the foremost institution in the United States de- voted to research work. The great Johns Hopkins Hospital, with its Medical School and other educational features, is unequaled by any similar organization. It, too, is world famous. The Goucher College of Baltimore, formerly the Woman's College, has a fixed place among the advanced educational institutions of the country. The City also boasts of the Peabody Institute, the Mary- land Institute of Art and Design, the Walters Art Gallery, which is far-famed; the Enoch Pratt Free Library, with its multiplicity of branches; the Maryland University, with its various departments of learning, and a score of other institu- tions devoted to culture and intellectual pursuits. Aside from these, there are the Baltimore public schools, with their several colleges. These are referred to at length elsewhere. There are many medical colleges in Baltimore, as well as others devoted to law. The City, in fact, may be aptly de- scribed as a "College Town. " Thousands of students, repre- senting not only this but almost every country of the civilized world, have received and are receiving their education in Balti- more, which occupies a commanding position in the arts, sciences and culture generally. For the study of painting, music and sculpture, Baltimore offers unexcelled opportunities, and large numbers of pupils from various sections are taking advantage of these. The Baltimore College of Dental Surgery is the oldest college of this kind in the world. THJT BALTIMORlB book ( ( BALTIMORE'S EXCELLENT CLIMATE Baltimore has an excellent climate. The City is so situated that it does not experience the extremes of weather. It is free from the rigors of the North and yet it is not inflicted with the continued enervating heat of the South. The changing seasons are one of the delights of the locality. There is no monotony ; no prolonged hot, dry spell to face in summer, and no long, dreary, severe winter, with its accompanying hardships. The winters are short, being relieved by beautiful spring and fall conditions. The rainfall is well distributed throughout the year and destructive storms are practically unknown. Baltimore is, likewise, free from all other elemental disturb- ances, which, in some sections, are a source of constant unrest, if not actual peril. AMPLE HOTEL ACCOMMODATIONS Baltimore has splendid hotels. In this respect it is abreast of any city of the country of its size, and far ahead of the majority. Just at present it is better equipped than ever, owing to the recent establishment of several large hotels. These are great institutions, designed on a large scale, built on a large scale, and operated in accordance with advanced ideas and methods. There are scores of hotels, so the visitor will have no diffi- culty finding accommodations at reasonable rates. Baltimore as a "Convention City" has entertained thousands of visitors without inconvenience to guests, and it is now better prepared than ever to assume this agreeable responsibility. lOo THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND PEABODY INSTITUTE THf^ IBALTIMOf^e ROOK AMUSEMENTS-AQUATIC SPORTS-THEATRES Miles of waterfront afford Baltimoreans unlimited oppor- tunities for aquatic sports. Yachting, boating, crabbing, fishing are pastimes within reach of the most humble. Any man may have his little power or sail boat, which at once extends his suzerainty, not only over the Patapsco River, but the great Chesapeake Bay. Here he may disport himself at will. Baltimore offers a great opportunity to the man with a boat. A race on the Patapsco, between the trained crews of rival clubs, is a sight never to be forgotten. The pleasure seeker, who disdams the lure of salt water and the thrills of the nibble, has a splendid collection of theatres, including grand opera, for Baltimore boasts of first-class, whole- some amusement features, where the cream of the passing show may be seen. The City's theatres are all modern and com- modious, and public taste demands and receives the best that the stage has to offer. If.T ^pV'-ill ■"-*3«15%- ■Vi.'fct'S^r,^,*. J -tt- 'rto \ •:-)^ -•^^^^^^^^fei -iA^ Th. Sl,rpl,.r,i .,„./ /„. 11,, J, n,u,.l 11,11 l-.nh 105 TM1~ B.ALTIMOR^e BOOK POINTS OF FNTEREST IN BALTIMORE Note: — The places listed are approximately contiguous; that is, in order named, one is not far removed from another. Hence, it will be possible to "swing around the circle" by going from point to point, begin- ning a! Washington Monument. Washington Monument (180 feet high) — The first monu- ment to George Washington. Charles and Monument streets (Mt. Vernon Place). In the immediate vicinity of the monument are: The Peabody Institute, school of music, art, library, statuary and paint- ings — Monument and Charles streets. Statues of: George Peabody — Mt. Vernon Place; Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney, General John Eager Howard. Washington Square (Charles street and Madison) — Severn Teackle Wallis — Washington Square near Centre street. Mt. Vernon M. E. Church — Northeast corner Monument and Charles streets (Mt. Vernon Place). Attached to the wall of this building is a tablet bearing the following inscrip- tion: "Francis Scott Key, author of 'The Star-Spangled Banner,' departed this life on the site of this building, January II, 1843." Walters Art Gallery — The finest private art collection in America. Northwest corner Charles and Centre streets. Unitarian Church — Magnificent specimen of colonial archi- tecture. Northwest corner Charles and Franklin streets. Y. M. C. A. Building — Cathedral and Franklin streets. Roman Catholic Cathedral — Cathedral and Mulberry streets. Cardinal's Residence — Charles and Mulberry streets. Enoch Pratt Free Library — Main Building, Mulberry street, near Cathedral. The Johns Hopkins University Buildings — Howard street and Druid Hill avenue. Baltimore City College — Howard street, opposite Centre. /'jIi r V ■"';.V^ s .1 i -i^'k-^M^ A CAL\EKT MREL:r. NORTH 1 H' ).\1 BALIIMORK SIRKEI In the center is Battle Monument THi^ ^3ALTIMOR^S^ BOOK Lee House — Residence of Gen. R. E. Lee (with United States Engineer Corps) during erection of Fort Carroll at entrance to Baltimore Harbor. Madison avenue, near Biddle street. Fifth Regiment Armory — Baltimore's great convention hall. Hoffman and Bolton streets. Mt. Royal Station (B. & O. R. R.)— Cathedral street, Preston street and Mt. Royal avenue. Bryn Mawr School — Cathedral and Preston streets. Revolutionary War Monument — Mt. Royal avenue. Cathe- dral and Oliver streets. Union Station (Pennsylvania R. R.) — Charles street and Jones Falls. Polytechnic Institute — North avenue, from Calvert street to Guilford avenue. Goucher College, formerly "Woman's College" — St. Paul street, between Twenty-second and Twenty- fourth streets. Homewood Park — - Johns Hopkins University. Charles street and University Parkway. Druid Hill Park — Six hundred and seventy-four acres, noted for its natural beauty. One of the finest parks in America. Soldiers and Sailors' Monument — Druid Hill Park, be- tween Druid Lake and Mt. Royal Reservoir. Watson Monument — Mexican War shaft. Mt. Royal ave- nue and Lanvale street. Maryland Institute — School of art and design. Mt. Royal avenue and Lanvale street. Confederate Monument — Mt. Royal avenue, near Lanvale street. Francis Scott Key Monument — Erected to author of "The Star-Spangled Banner." Lanvale and Eutaw streets. Lexington Market — Baltimore's famous market, Lexington street, from Eutaw street to Pearl street. 109 Edgar Allan Poe's Tomb — In Westminster Presbyterian Churchyard. Southeast corner Fayette and Greene streets. Fourth Regiment Armory — Fayette street, near Paca. Maryland Workshop for the Blind — Southwest corner Fayette and Paca streets. Camden Station (B. & O. R. R.)— Camden and Eutaw streets. Mt. Clare Shops (B. & O. R. R.)— Where early loco- motives were built. Pratt street, from Poppleton street to Carey street. Mt. Clare Station — Where first telegraph message, "What hath God wrought," was received. Poppleton street and B. & O. R. R. Carroll Park — With colonial mansion of Charles Carroll, barrister. Monroe street and Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Fort McHenry — During bombardment of which Francis Scott Key composed "The Star-Spangled Banner." Fort Carroll — Mid-stream at entrance of Baltimore harbor. Erected 1848-1852 under direction of Gen. R. E. Lee, then of United States Engineers. Piers at which large ocean steamers dock — Locust Point, near Fort McHenry. Riverside Park — Formerly Fort Covington, which pre- vented a land attack upon Fort McHenry during bombardment in 1814. Randall and Johnson streets. Federal Hill Park — Used as a fort during the Civil War. Hughes street and Battery avenue. Armistead Monument — To memory of Lieutenant-Colonel George Armistead, War of 1812-14. Federal Hill Park. Where the Fire of I 904 started — Southeast corner German and Liberty streets. Congress Hall — A tablet on the wall, east side of Liberty :treet, south of Baltimore street, says: 111 THf7 BALTIMOR^e BOOI\ "On this site stood Old Congress Hall, in which the Continental Con- gress met December 20, I 776, and on December 27, I 776, conferred upon General Washington extraordinary powers for the conduct of the Revolu- tionary War.' Hood Monument — Erected by City to John Mifflin Hood, President of Western Maryland Railroad, 1874-1902. Baltimore and Ohio Office Building — Main offices of B. & O. R. R. Northwest corner Charles and Baltimore streets. Maryland Historical Society Building — Historical docu- ments, paintings, statuary, etc. Northwest corner St. Paul and Saratoga streets. Court House — One of the finest courthouse buildings in America. Calvert and Lexington streets. Battle, or Baltimore, Monument — Erected in memory of soldiers who fell in defense of Baltimore during British attack, September 12-13, 1814. Calvert street, between Fayette and Lexington streets (Monument Square). Postoffice — Fayette and Calvert streets. City Hall — Fayette, North, Holliday and Lexington streets. Merchants' Club — German street, between Calvert and South streets. A tablet on the west wall says: "Upon this site stood, from 1774 to 1786, the Lovely Lane Meeting House, in which was organized (December, 1784) the Methodist Episco- pal Church in the United States of America." Custom House — Gay and Lombard streets. Centre Market — Market Space and Baltimore street. President Street Station (P., B. & W. R. R.)— President and Fleet streets. Shortly after leaving this depot the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment was attacked, April 19, 1861. Wells and McComas Monument — To the memory of two sharpshooters who shot Major-General Ross, September 1 2, 1814. Ross commanded the British forces at Battle of North Point. Gay, Monument and Aisquith streets. 113 THI— I3A.LTIN10RL& BOOK The Johns Hopkins Hospital — World-famous institution. Monument street and Broadway. Wildey Monument — To Thomas Wildey, founder of first lodge Independent Order of Odd Fellows in America. Broad- way Square, near Fayette street. Patterson Park — One of Baltimore's finest public reserva- tions. Contains breastworks erected during War of 1812. Patterson Park avenue and Baltimore street. Columbus Monument — In grounds of Samuel Ready School, North avenue and Bond street. Claimed to be the first monu- ment erected in the United States to Christopher Columbus. Genuineness of claims disputed and story advanced that the former owner of the estate was an enthusiastic horseman and raised the shaft (66 feet) over the spot where a favorite steed is buried. Eastern Female High School — Southeast corner Broadway and North avenue. Clifton Park — With the summer residence of the late Johns Hopkins, founder of university and hospital bearing his name. Harford road and Washington street. Picturesque Lazaretto Lig hi ulllu l-_„i,aw. of l^ulhm,,, I lu 115 THi~ BAI.TIMORLe BOOK BALTIMORE HISTORY 1608-1913 To begin at the very beginning of direct historical informa- tion concerning Baltimore, one must go back to the year 1 608. June 2nd, 1 608, Capt. John Smith, whose life is reputed to have been saved by Pocahontas, having settled Jamestown, started from the vicinity of Cape Henry, on the first of his two famous explorations of the Chesapeake Bay. Durmg this expedition, which lasted nineteen days, he visited every inlet on both sides of the Bay, from the Capes to the Patapsco River (named by Smith, Bolus), sailed up that stream, and from him we get the first information concerning the region, now Baltimore. Smith and his followers were, therefore, the first white men to set eyes on the present site of the City. There is no question about Smith's visit to this locality. He prepared an excellent map of the Chesapeake and its tributaries. The Patapsco River, then, of course, unnamed, he called "Bolus," because of the red clay resembling "bole armoniack" along its banks. The red clay, or "bole," was a covering for deposits of iron ore, afterward discovered and mined. The first of these mines was owned and worked by John Moale, at Moale's Point, along Spring Gardens. Smith's map indicates quite an extensive knowledge of the topography of this section. He went up the "Bolus" for a considerable distance. On his voyage he had fourteen companions and used a barge, of between two and three tons, propelled by sail and oar. He had excit- ing and interesting experiences with Indians. Following Captain Smith's explorations in this vicinity, there is a lapse of years before the thread of the narrative can be taken up by the historian. In the absence of proof to the contrary it must be assumed that Indians roamed over the site of Baltimore at will, or at 117 CHARLES STREET. NORTH FROM FAYETTE SIKEET THL~ l3AiyriMOR^e^ BOOK least without interference from white men; for it was not until 1661 that history records the second step in the advance of civilization. In 1 66 1 the first surveys were made, pursuant to land grants, and henceforth this section became the permanent habi- tation of white men. Tract after tract was taken up by settlers, and in 1 706 Locust Point, then "Whetstone Point," was made a port of entry. INTERESTING EVENTS IN HISTORY OF BALTIMORE GIVEN CHRONOLOGICALLY Captain John Smith sails from lower Chesapeake on the first of his explorations of Chesapeake Bay. He and his followers were the first white men to see the locality, now City of Baltimore, 2 June, 1608 Charles Gorsuch, a member of the Society of Friends, patents 50 acres at Whetstone Point (Locust Point). Whether Gorsuch actually resided on the Point is not known 24 Feb., 1661 David Jones, reputed to be the first actual settler, "took up" and had surveyed 380 acres of Und along the eastern bank of a stream, now Jones Falls, the Falls inheriting its name from the original resident. Jones built a house in the vicinity of what is today Front street, near the stream 15 June, 1661 Caecilius Calvert, second Lord Ballimore, becomes Governor of Mary- land under Charter from Charles I of England; from Caecilius (Lord Baltimore) this Cily derives its name 1662 Note: — The original grant of ihe territory called Mary- land was obtained by Sir George Calvert, first of the Barons of Baltimore, in 1632. Sir George died before the Charter was actually issued, and the grant devolved upon his son Caecilius, who became the real founder of Maryland, al- though he never visited the Colony. Caecilius, however, sent out settlers under his younger brother Leonard. Alexander Mounteney "takes up" two hundred acres of land on each side of Harford Run, a stream since covered, and now Central avenue 1 663 John Howard patents a tract, which includes a large part of South Baltimore, between the Middle and Northwest branches of the Patapsco 1668 Thomas Cole took five hundred and fifty acres, bounded now approxi- mately by Paca, Mulberry, High and Lombard streets, the tract known as Cole's Harbor 1 668 11 U THEr^ RALTIMOR^e BOOK James Todd obtains a warrant for Cole's Harbor and has it re- surveyed, granted a patent June 1 , 1 700, under the name of Todd's Range. Patent later void 1698 Whetstone Point, by Act of Legislature, was made a port of entry, the first within the now city limits i 706 Mill erected by Jonathan Hanson, who acquires 31 acres, at about the point where Bath and Holliday streets intersect 1711 Iron ore discovered at Whetstone Point. This tract was re-surveyed March 29, 1723, and passed into the hands of the Principio Furnace Company, which concern seems later to have started smelting works in other parts of the Colony of Maryland.... 1723 Note: — There is no little confusion concernmg the early grants and patents, which were sometimes reconveyed, and others became the subject of litigation, but the foregoing, as conspicuous transactions and incidents, are sufficient for pres- ent purposes to show that the history of Baltimore antedates 1729-30, when the town was officially laid out. Act authorizing "erection" of Baltimore Town passed... 8 August, 1729 Town Commission meet and officially survey 60 acres.... 12 Jan., 1730 Jones Town, east of Baltimore Town, laid out 22 Nov., 1732 P. E. Parish Church, built on site afterwards occupied by St. Paul's Church, corner Charles and Saratoga streets, begun I 730, com- pleted 1 739 Baltimore and Jones Towns consolidated and incorporated as Balti- more Town 1 745 Subscription of £100 by citizens for building a market-house and town-hall, erected 10 years later, at northwest corner Gay and Baltimore streets 23 April, 1751 32 acres annexed, known as "Hall's addition" to Baltimore Town. . 1753 Mount Clare House erected by Charles Carroll, banister, built of imported brick 1 754 A number of Acadian exiles settle in Baltimore 1756 Baltimore made the county seat, and courthouse erected where Battle Monument now stands 1 768 Mechanical company organized, and a fire-engine purchased 1769 First umbrella in the U. S. (brought from India) used here.... 1772 Baptist Church erected corner Front and Fayette streets, afterwards site of tae shot tower 1 773 First newspaper, the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser, established by William Goddard; first issue 20 August, 1773 Stage route opened to Philadelphia 1773 First Methodist meeting-house in Baltimore built in Strawberry alley November, 1 773 Lovely Lane Methodist Meeting-house erected in Baltimore. .Oct., 1774 121 THE- BALTINIORlE^ BOOK 1783 1784 1784 Capt. William Perkins arrives at Marbleliead with 3000 bushels of Indian corn, 20 barrels of rye and 21 barrels of bread sent by the people of Baltimore for the poor of Boston 28 Aug., 1774 Baltimore contains 564 houses and 5934 inhabitants 1775 St, Peter's Church (Roman Catholic), on Saratoga and Charles streets, built and occupied 1770-1775 Continental Congress holds its session in Congress Hall, corner Balti- more and Liberty streets 20 Dec, 1776, to 20 Jan., 1777 First notable riot in Baltimore. Mr. Goddard of the Maryland Journal beset in his office by excited members of the "Whig Club,"' who took exception to an article in his paper lauding King George and Parliament 25 March, 1777 Count Pulaski organizes his corps in Baltimore March, 1778 First custom-house erected ' '"^ Paving of the streets begun ' '°' First brick theatre in Baltimore erected on East Baltimore street, nearly opposite the Second Presbyterian Church; opened with the play, "King Richard III" 15 Jan., 1782 Regular line of stage coaches established to Fredericktown and An- napolis Policemen first employed | ^^^ Three new market-houses erected Streets first lighted with oil lamps The Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States of America organized Dec, 1784 Methodist Church built on northwest corner Light street and Wine alley; begun August, 1785; dedicated by Bishop Asbury.. 21 May, 1786 First destructive flood recorded 5 Oct., 1786 St. Mary's College (Seminary of St. Sulpice) established 1791 Presbyterian Church erected on norlhwest corner Fayette and North streets (afterwards razed to give place to the U. S. Courthouse, I860. Later torn down in 1908 to make way for Postoffice extension) ' ' ^ ' Bank of Maryland organized ' 79 1 Yellow fever epidemic Aug. to Oct., 1794 Bank of Baltimore incorporated 24 Dec, 1795 First directory of Baltimore Town and Fell's Point published 1796 Act passed to lay out and establish a turnpike from the city of Washington to Baltimore Town 31 Dec, 1796 Baltimore Town incorporated as a city; population 20,000, 31 Dec, 1796; began as an incorporated institution 1797 First Mayor, James Calhoun, elected 16 Jan., 1797 Marine Observatory was first established on Federal Hill 1797 123 ikial TMi^ BALTIMOR^er BOOK Library Company of Baltimore, afterwards merged with the Mary- land Historical Society, incorporated. (Library contained 4000 volumes m 1800) 20 Jan., 1797 Maryland Society for promoting the abolition of slavery, and the relief of free negroes and others unlawfully held in bondage, formed in Baltimore; the fourth in the U. S 8 Sept., 1798 Baltimore American and Daily Advertiser first issued. (Successor of Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser, established 1773) 14 May. 1799 On the 1 5th of December news of the death of General Washington reached Baltimore, and on the first day of Jan- uary, 1800, commemorative funeral rites were held. The militia, including the regulars at Fort McHenry, and citizens, many from the country surrounding Baltimore, formed a pro- cession at the "Head of Baltimore street," where an appro- priate address was delivered by Rev. Dr. Allison. From thence the procession went to Christ Church. A bier was carried into the edifice, and the funeral services were conducted by Rev. Dr. Bend. There was a concourse present. As a result of this demonstration, sundry bills against the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore were rendered, gen- erally upon fragments of paper. These have been mounted, and are on exhibition at the City Library. President Adams passes through Baltimore June 15, 1800, from Washington. The Mayor and City Council presented him an address of welcome 15 June, 1 800 (Original document — President's reply — at City Library.) Petition of Protest against erection of a City Hall 1801 (Original document at City Library.) Jerome Bonaparte and Miss Elizabeth Patterson married in Balti- more 24 Dec, 1803 Union Bank of Maryland organized and chartered 1804 Mechanics' Bank incorporated 1 806 Corner-stone of Roman Catholic Cathedral laid 7 July, 1806 Baltimore Water Company formed with capital of $250,000, 30 April, 1804, and water first supplied through cast-iron pipes (water taken from Jones Falls) May, 1807 Courthouse building on North Calvert street, corner Lexington, be- gun 1805; occupied 1809 Note: — The above building was torn down to make place for the present marble structure. Mob destroys the office of the Federal Republican 27 July, 1812 "New Theatre," afterwards called "Holliday Street Theatre," opened 10 May, 1813 First steamboat built in Baltimore, the Chesapeake, constructed by William McDonald & Co 1813 125 BALTlVIOKb: HAS OVER 430 CHURCHES OF All. 1)1 .NOMINATIONS Cathedral R.C, lirst Baptist Christian Temple St. Paul's, P. E. TH& BALTINIOF^E t30C)K British forces under General RdSs advance against the city, 12 Sept., 1814 Engagement at North Point, General Ross killed 12 Sept., 1814 Fort McHenry bombarded by British fleet 12-13 Sept., 1814 "The Star-Spangled Banner" was composed by Francis Scott K.ey, while on board the United States ship Minden, during the bombardment of Fort McHenry. "The Star-Spangled Banner" prmted m the Baltmiore American and Daily Advertiser 21 Sept., 1814 Corner-stone of the Washington Monument laid (height of monu- ment, 180 feet) (completed 25 Nov., 1824) 4 July, 1815 Corner-stone of Battle Monument laid (erected in honor of Balti- moreans killed defending the City in 1814) (monument finished 12 Sept., 1822) 12 Sept.. 1815 Population of Baltimore increased 16,000 by annexation of the pre- cincts 1816 Maryland Hospital incorporated 29 Jan., 1816 St. Andrew's Society incorporated 1 Feb., 1816 Medical Society of Maryland incorporated 1 Feb., 1816 St. Paul's P. E. Church erected on corner Saratoga and Charles streets; corner-stone laid 4 May, 1814; completed at cost of $126,140 1817 Disastrous freshet in Jones Falls; part of the city called the "Meadows" overflowed to depth of 10 to 15 feet 8 Aug., 1817 President Monroe visits Baltimore 1819 (For correspondence relative thereto, see exhibit at City Library.) First Odd Fellows' Lodge in America, Washington Lodge No. 1, organized at Fell's Point, 13 April, 1819, through the efforts of Thomas Wildey. It received a charter from the Duke of fork's Lodge at Preston, Lancashire, England 1 Feb., 1820 First building lighted with gas, Peale's Museum on Holliday street, afterwards old City Hall, 1816. First public building lighted with gas, the "Belvidere Theatre," northwest corner North and Saratoga streets 1 820 Exchange Building (Custom-house, torn down 1902), Water, Gay, Lombard streets, opened for business June, 1820 Roman Catholic Cathedral (begun 1806) consecrated by Arch- bishop Mareschal 31 May, 1821 Disastrous fire; 3 lumber yards and 25 to 30 buildings, mostly warehouses, burned 23 June, 1822 Statue placed on Battle Monument 12 Sept., 1822 Corner-stone of Baltimore Athenaeum at southwest corner St. Paul and Lexington streets, laid 10 Aug., 1824 General Lafayette visits Baltimore 7-11 Oct., 1824 127 T^ PKS OF BALl'liVlOKE CHURCHES (Cntumcd) MtVernon.M.E. Oheb Shalom Synagogue St. Mark's Lutheran FirstPr sbyterian TMf^ BALTIMOR^Cr BOOK Washington Monument (the first monument erected in honor of George Washington) completed 25 Nov., 1824 Mrs. Ellen Moale (first white child born within the town of Balti- more) dies March, 1825 Erection of Barnum's City Hotel begun 1825 Maryland Academy of Science and Literature incorporated. (Con- tinued until 1844) 16 Feb.. 1826 First exhibition of Maryland Institute 7 Nov., 1826 Subscription books for stock of Baltimore & Ohio Railroad opened; $4,178,000 taken by 22,000 subscribers 20-27 March, 1827 First banking-house opened by Evan Poultney in Baltimore street, June, 1828 Foundation stone of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad laid by the Masonic Grand Lodge of Maryland, assisted by Charles Car- roll of Carrollton 4 July, 1 828 Shot-tower (Phoenix Company), 234 feet high, circular, and of brick, built without scaffolding, completed 25 Nov., 1828 Corner-stone of the Baltimore & Susquehanna Railroad (later Northern Central Railroad) laid, and centennial of Baltimore celebrated 8 Aug., 1829 First public school opened 24 Sept., 1829 Old Baltimore Museum, northwest corner Baltimore and Calvert streets, opened I Jan., 1830 (Building sold to B. & O. R. R., March, 1874.) First steam car was run on the Baltimore & Ohio R. R. on 28 Aug., 1830 Epidemic of cholera July-Sept., 1832 Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last survivor of the signers of ths Declaration of Independence, aged 95, dies at Baltimore. . . . 14 Nov., 1832 Bank of Maryland fails 24 March, 1834 Baltimore and Washington Railroad was opened 25 Aug., 1834 Riot, growing out of failure of Bank of Maryland Aug., 1835 First issue of the Baltimore Sun 17 May, 1837 Sudden freshrt in Jones Falls; 19 lives lost; Harrison and Fred- erick streets 10 feet under water 14 July, 1837 City of Kingston, first steam vessel from Baltimore to turope di- rect, leaves port 20 May, 1838 Baltimore Academy of Visitation opened, 1837; chartered 1838 Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, the first of dental colleges, and for many years the only dental college in the world, was chartered 1839 Greenmount Cemetery dedicated 13 July, 1839 Mercantile Library Association organized.... 14 Nov., 1839 129 A FEW MONUMKMsoF BALTIMORE Washmgton Howard Watson TH& l3/M/riMOR^E BOOK St. Vincent de Paul's Church, corner-stone laid by Archbishop Eccleston, 21 May; 1840; dedicated 7 Nov., 1841 Explosion of steamer Medora, just about to start on her trial excur- sion; 27 killed; 40 wounded 15 April, 1842 Francis Scolt Key, author of "The Star-Spangled Banner," died. . II Jan., 1843 Adams Express Company was established in Baltimore 1843 Historical Society of Maryland organized; Gen. John Spear Smith, first president 27 Jan., 1844 Omnibus line established May, 1 844 Magnetic telegraph from Washington city to Mt. Clare Depot, Pop- pleton and Pratt streets, B. & O. R. R., wires covered with rope-yarn and tar, completed; first communication, "What hath God wrought!" received 27 May, 1844 Corner-stone of St. Alphonsus' Church laid, I May, 1842; church dedicated 14 March, 1845 Maryland Institute for the promotion of the mechanics" arts or- ganized 12 Jan., 1848 Fire destroys 60 dwellings, breaking out in a cotton factory in Lex- ington street, near Fremont 28 May, 1848 Howard Athenaeum and Gallery of Art, northeast corner Baltimore and Charles streets, opened as a theatre 12 June, 1848 Baltimore Athenaeum opened and edifice inaugurated. . . .23 Oct., 1848 Baltimore Female College opened 1848; chartered 1849 Edgar Allan Poe dies in Baltimore, aged 40 years 7 Oct., 1849 Jennie Lind arrives in Baltimore. (J. H. Whitehurst, "daguerreo- typist, ' bids $100 for first choice of seals at her first concert) . . 8 Dec, 1850 Corner-stone of Maryland Institute. Baltimore street and Marsh Market Space, laid March 13, 1851 ; the building was opened . . 20 Oct., 1851 Building destroyed in fire of 1904; new one (Center Mar- ket) erected, near same site, 1907. Reception to Louis Kossuth 27 Dec, 1851 Loyola College, Calvert street, near Madison, opened.... 15 Sept., 1852 Remains of Junius Brutus Booth, tragedian, arrived in Baltimore, his home, from Louisville, Ky., where he died 2 Dec 9 Dec, 1852 Loudon Park Cemetery dedicated 14 July, 1853 Maryland School for the Blind opened 1853 Baltimore Orphan Asylum, Strieker street, near Saratoga, opened.. 10 Nov., 1853 Excursion train returning to Baltimore from Rider's Grove collides with accommodation train from Baltimore, near the Relay House; over 30 killed and about 100 mjured 4 July, 1854 Water-works purchased by the city 1854 L31 MONUMENTS OK BALTIMORF. (Continued) Key or Star-Spaneled Banner Revolutionary War Battle Monument TMf^ BAiyriMOR^e BOOl\ Trial of a steam fire-er.glne, ihe "Miles Greenwood," built at Cincin- nati for the corporiition of Boston; the first seen in Baltimore. . 2 Feb., 1855 Erection of the new First Presbyterian Church, corner Madison street and Park avenue, begun July. 1855 Melee among the firemen; 2 killed; many injured 18 Aug., 1855 St. Paul's P. E. Church burned, 29 April, 1854; rebuilt and dedi- cated 10 Jan., 1856 Battle between Rip Rap Club and ihs New Market Fire Com- pany; many wounded; city election dispute 8 Oct., 1856 Election riot; Democrats and Know-nothings 4 Nov., 1856 Disastrous fire, 37-41 South Charles street; 14 persons killed by a falling wall 14 April. 1857 Strike on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, and encounter between the mihtia and rioters 29 April-2 May, 1857 Banks suspend specie payment 28 Sept., 1857 Maryland Club incorporated 24 Feb., 1858 Clearing-house established 8 March, 1858 Steam fire-engine, the "Alpha," the first owned by the Ballimore Fire Department, arrives in the city 18 May, 1858 Flood, almost as destructive as that of 1837, occurs 12 June, 1858 Ordinance passed for a partial paid city fire department. .. .Sept., 1858 Reform .Association organized at a mass-meeting in Monument Square 8 Sept., 1858 Peabody Institute, endowed by George Peabody with $1,300,000, 1857; incorporated 9 March, 1858; corner-stone laid. .16 April, 1859 Police and fire-alarm telegraph adopted June, 1858; first put in operation 27 June, 1859 First car placed on the City Passenger Railway on Broadway, and line opened 27 Oct., 1859 Baltimore police force placed under State control 2 Feb., 1860 Reception to Japanese Ambassadors, guests of the United States Government 8 June, 1 860 Druid Hill Park, purchased by the city in September, 1860, opened. . 19 Oct., 1860 Attack upon the Sixth Massachusetts and Seventh Pennsylvania Regiments while attempting to pass through the city to Wash- ington; 12 citizens and 3 soldiers killed; 23 soldiers and sev- eral citizens wounded 19 April, 1861 Note: — Seventh Pennsylvania Regiment sent back from President Street Depot in direction of Philadelphia. Scharf says: Citizens killed, 12; soldiers, 4; citizens wounded, 4; soldiers, many. Colonel Jones of Sixth Massachusetts: Soldiers killed, 3. Mayor G. W. Brown: Soldiers killed, 4; citizens killed, 12; soldiers wounded, 36. — W. F. C. 133 ^ 4 MONUMENTS OF BALTIMORE (Continued) Poe Wallace CaRcilius Calvert (Lord Baltimore) TH& F3.ALTIMOR^Er BOOK Gen. B. F. Butler takes military possession 13 May, 1861 Thomas Wildey, the "Father of Odd-Fellowship in the U. S.," dies in Baltimore, aged 80 years 19 Oct., 1861 Corner-stone of St. Martin's Roman Catholic Church, southeast corner Fulton avenue and FayeUe street, laid 9 July, 1865 The Wildey Monument, erected by the Odd-Fellows, corner-stone laid 26 Apr.], 1865, is dedicated 20 Sept., 1865 Southern Relief Fair, in aid of the suffering poor of Southern Stales, held at the hall of the Maryland Institute, receipts, $164,569.97 2-13 April, 1866 Maryland State Normal School opened 1866 Dedication of the Peabody Institute 25 October., 1866 Corner-stone of Masonic Temple, North Charles street, laid 20 Nov., 1865 Corner-stone of new City Hall laid 18 Oct., 1867 Excessive heat; thermometer 97 to 101 in the shade; 30 cases of sun-stroke; 21 fatal 16 July, 1868 Most disastrous flood on record. A street car floats down Harrison street; the water reaches to the second story of buildings, and most of the bridges over Jones Falls, including the hea\y iron bridge at Fayette street, are swept away 24 July, 1868 Maryland Institution for the Blind, on North avenue, near Guilford Corner-stone of Mount Vernon Place Methodist Episcopal Church laid 26 Sept., 1869 Ford's Grand Opera House inaugurated. Shakespeare's "As You Like It," the opening play 3 Oct., 1871 Third National Bank robbed between banking hours, Saturday and Monday; loss over $220,000 17-19 Aug., 1872 Initial number of the Evening News 4 Nov., 1872 Thermometer 10 below zero night of 29 Jan., 1873 Church of the Ascension, Protestant Episcopal, destroyed by fire. . 12 May, 1873 Baltimore and Potomac tunnel, about I'/i miles in length, begun Juns, 1871, and first passenger train passed through to Calvert Station 29 June, 1873 Union Railroad tunnel (Greenmount avenue to Bond street) begun May, 1871; completed June, 1873, and first train through.... 24 July, 1873 Most extensive fire to date (1873) in the city breaks out in a plan- ing-mill en Park and Clay streets; 113 buildings destroyed, in- cluding 2 churches, 3 schoolhouses ; loss $750,000. .. .25 July, 1873 Johns Hopkins dies, aged 79 24 Dec, 1873 Morning Herald established 1875 City Hall completed 1875 Monument to Edgar Allan Poe (Westminster Presbyterian Church- yard) unveiled 17 Nov.. 1875 135 Baltimore's! spl sports ana pastimf THE- BALTlMOR^& BOOK [( Johns Hopkins University incorporated 24 August, 1867; endowed by Its founder with $3,000,000, is opened 1876 Following a strike on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, on the 16th, rioting occurred, and on the 18th troops were sent to Martins- burg — the President having issued a warning proclamation to the rioters. This was succeeded by strikes and riots on most of the leading railroads in the United Slates, accompanied by immense destruction of railroad property and freight. The riots were quelled by troops with considerable loss of life. On the 20th a not occurred at the Sixth Regiment Armory, in Baltimore, m which eleven persons were killed and several wounded. The occasion was the movement of the regiment to assist in quelling the railroad rioters. The trouble continued until the end of the month before they were quieted, and on the 30lh railroad travel was partially resumed JulX' '"'' 150th anniversary of the foundation of the city celebrated 10-15 Oct., 1880 Over 65 excursionists, principally^ from Baltimore, drowned by the giving way of the pier at 1 ivoli 23 July, 1883 Enoch Pratt Free Library, founded by Enoch Pratt, with $1 ,250.000 in 1882, formally opened to the public 5 Jan., 1885 Great fire in Hopkins Place; loss, $2,000,000; 7 firemen killed and 6 injured 2 Sept., 1888 Asylum for Feeble- Minded Children opened Jan., 1889 The Johns Hopkins Hospital, endowed with $3,500,000, opened.. 7 May, 1889 Six days' celebration of 75th anniversary of the defense of the city, begun 9 Sept., 1889 22 persons rescued from the wrecked steamship ".Astoria" landed at Baltimore by the steamship "Decatur H. Miller" 31 .Aug., 1893 Panic during Yiddish performance at Front Street Theatre; 23 persons killed; others injured 27 Dec, 1895 Governor Lowndes approved the Act of the General Assembly, granting a new charter to the City of Baltimore. . . .24 March, 1898 Great fire, which traversed 140 acres and destroyed 86 blocks in the heart of the citv. Loss, variously estimated, possibly about $125,000,000...'. 7-8 Feb., 1904 "Greater Baltimore Jubilee" to celebrate the rehabilitation of the city, begun iO Sept., 1906 Y. M. C. A. building fund of $500,000 completed 13 Nov., 1906 New Custom-house opened 2 Dec, 1 907 Maryland Home Coming. The event was celebrated in Baltimore bv parades and various official functions and festive demonstra- tions 13-19 Oct., 1907 New building of Maryland Institute, School of Art and Design, on Baltimore street and Market Space, dedicated 26 Nov., 1907 137 TMi~ BAI.riMOF^Er BOOK William Pinkney Whyte, who had been State Comptiollei-, Mayor of Baltimore, Governor of Maryland, U. S. Senator and lead- mg member of the Bar, died, aged 83 17 March., 1908 New building, Maryland Institute. Mt. Royal avenue and Lanvale street dedicated 23 Nov., 1903 New building of Walters Art Gallery (containing the finest private collection of paintings in America) opened 3 Feb., 1909 Electric current, generated at McCall Ferry, Susquehanna River, introduced in Baltimore 14 Oct., 1910 F. C. Latrobe (seven limes Mayor of Baltimore City) died, 18 Jan., 1911 John M. Hood Memorial unveiled II May, 191 I Key Monument unveiled 15 May, 1911 Celebration of 50th anniversary of the ordination of Cardinal Gib- bons and the 25lh anniversary of his elevation to the rank of Cardinal 6 June, 19! 1 S. S. "Friedrich der "Grosse," largest steamship to visit port, Balti- more to Bremen, sails 28 June, 191 1 High pressure fire pipe line placed in service 23 Apr., 1912 Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic of Johns Hopkins Hospital opened, 1913 i^^M I ftici. - Y. M. C. A. BUILDING-FRANKLIN AND CATHEDRAL STREETS The Association is splendidly housed in Baltimore, and its beneficial influence is far-reaching TMI^ B.ALTIMOR^B BOOI\ INDEX A PAGE Amusements 105 Annex, Street Improvenienls in II Aquatic Sports 105 Area of Baltimore City 57 Armory, Fiftli Regiment 20, 22, 143 Art Gallery, Walters 101 Articles Manufactured in Baltimore 57, 59, 61 Ashburton Park 37 Ashland Square 35 Awards, Board of 31 B Baltimore College of Dental Surgery 101 Baltimore, Government of 31 Baltimore Harbor 2a, 28, 31, 58, 60, 71, 115, 155, 157 Baltimore in 1 752 2a Baltimore, Map of 1 57 Baltimore Monument, Lord 1 34 Baltimore (or Battle) Monument 108, 132 Baltimore Street 48, 106, 144 Baltimore Trade and Industrial Organizations 55 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 29, 63, 68, 81, 82, 85, 86, 89 Baltimore and Panama Frontispiece II Baltimore and Vicinity (Map) 4 Balhs, Public 42, 43 Battle (or Baltimore) Monument 108, 113, 132 Battleship New Hampshire 88 Bee Hive Buildings 67 Bee Hive of Industry 65 Belair Market 95 Belt Line Tunnel 63 Board of Awards 31 Board of Estimates 31 Board of Trade Report, British 91, 93, 97 Boat Lake, Druid Hill Park 13 Bo-Lin Square 37 ^ ■•-n Park (Mt. Royal Station) 37 67 Square 37 Board of Trade Report 91, 93. 97 ay 25, 38 ay Squares 35, 38, 1 50 s' Exchange 27 155 TH& BALTIMOR^E BOOK INDEX— Continued B — Continued PAGE Buildings, Bee Hive 67 Buildings, Industrial 67 Buildings, Public (See Points of Interest) . .6, 8, 10, 12, 20, 22, 30, 143 Burnt District 2a, 155 Burnt District Commission 9 Business Section, Night View of 145 c Callow Triangle 37 Calvert Monument, Caecilius (Lord Baltimore) 1 34 Calvert Street 108 Canton Market 95 Carroll, Fort 1 52 Carroll Park 34, 35 Centre, Industrial 57 Centre, Jobbing 69 Centre Market 95, 96 Chamber of Commerce 27, 73, 75 Charles Street 37, 1 18, 146, 147 Chronologically Arranged History of Baltimore 1 19-139 Chesapeake Bay . . . / 71, 89, 97 Churches 126, 128 City College 44, 45 City College Lot 37 City Council 31 City Engineer 31 City Government 7-51, 31 City Hall 6, 30 City Plan, Commission on 21 City Register , 31 City Solicitor 31 Civic Centre 21 Clifton Park 34, 35 Climate 103 Clinic, The Henry Phipps Psychiatric 41 Coal Piers 74 Coal and Coke 85 College, City 44, 45 College Lot, City 37 College Fraternity Dance 1^*^ Colleges (See Schools). Collington Square Commerce and Transportation Commercial Influence, Baltimore's Sphere of Con;mercial Section Commissioner of Health 156 THEr F3ALTIMOR^e^ BOOK INDEX— Continued r- ■ ■ C — Continued PAGE Commissions: Burnt District 9 City Plan 21 Municipal Factory Site 27 Paving 11 Comptroller 31 Conduit System, Liectrical Underground 51 Confederate Home I 53 Confederate Soldiers and Sailors' Monument 122 Conservatory, Druid Hill Park 36 Convention, National Democratic 143 Court House 8 Cross Street Market 95 Custom House, United Stales 12 D Dam on Gunpowder River at Loch Raven 18 Dam on Susquehanna River at McCall Ferry 62, 63 Deluge, Fireboat 55 Democratic National Convention 1 43 Denial Surgery, Baltimore College of 101 Dining-Rooms, Hotel 141, 142 Disposal Plant, Sewerage System 15, 16 Distances from Eastern to Southern and Western Cities, Table of.. 80 Docks 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 84, 85, 86, 151 Docks, Municipal 9, 24, 25, 26, 28, 52, 58 Domestic Section 91 - 1 39 Druid Hill Park 13, 23, 32, 35, 36, 105 Druid Hill Park Boat Lake 13 Drydock Dewey 56 Dwellings 91, 93 E Eastern City Springs Square 35 Eastern Female High School 44, 45 Easterwood Park 37 Educational Center 101 ''or CSOIK... ncai Conduit System, Underground 51 Bondm.^r^- Grain 54, 72, 73, 89, 151 Brewer P''^" Free Library 101, 102 British hments, Manufacturing 57 Broadwes, Board of 31 Brcadw Place Squares 35, 1 20 Builder 157 THl^ BALTIMOR^e BOOK INDEX— Continued ^ PAGE Facilities, Teminal 72, 74, 81 , 83, 84, 85 Factory Site Commission, Municipal 27, 29 Federal Hill Park 35 Federation of Labor 27 Fell's Point Market 95 Female High Schools 44, 45 Fifth Regiment Armory 20, 22, 143 Fifth Regiment Armory Parking 37 Filtration Plant 19 Financial Centre 66 Financial Institutions 67 Fireboat Deluge 55 Fire Department 47 Apparatus 13, 46, 47 Buildings 13 High Pressure Pipe Line II, 47 Fire of 1904 2a, 7, 9, 25, 95. 155 Fish Market 96 Food Supply Center 97 Fort Carroll 1 52 Fort McHenry 43, 49 Frankim Square 35 Freight Rates from Western Points 79 Freight Rates to Southern Points 76, 77 Freight Rates to Western Points 78 Freight Sheds and Grain Elevators 54 Freight Warehouses 54 Freight Yards 50, 63, 84 Frick Triangle 37 Fulton Avenue Squares 35 Girls' High Schools 45 Goucher College 100, 101 Government of Baltimore 31 Grain Elevators 54, 72, 73, 89, 151 Grain-Flandling Facilities 73 Grain Rates 73 Green Spring Avenue 37 Gunpowder River 19 Gunpowder River Dam at Loch Raven 18 Gwynn's F'alls Park 37 H Hanover Market 95 Harbor of Baltimore 28, 31, 58, 60, 71, 155, 157 158 TMl^ B.ALTIMOR^e BOOK INDEX— Continued H— Continued PAGE Harlem Park 35 Health, Commissioner of 41 Health Department 39 Health cf Baltimore 39 Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic 41 Herring Run Park 37 High Pressure Pipe Line (Fire Department) 11, 47 Highways: Jones Falls 7, 21 Key 11. 21, 23 History of Baltimore 1 17-139 Hollms Market 95 Homes, Owned and Rented 91 Hopkins Hospital, Johns 40, 41, 10! Hopkins Mansion, Johns 34 Hopkins University, The Johns 101 Hospitals 39, 40, 41, 51, 101, 150 Hotel Accommodations 103 Hotel Dining-Rooms 141, 142 Howard Monument, John Eager 130 I Immigrants 58 Immigration Pier 86 Industrial Advantages 53 Industrial Buildings 67 Industrial Centre 57 Industrial District, Baltimore 57 Industrial Section 53-67 Industrial and Trade Organizations 55 Industry, Bee Hive of 65 Influence, Baltimore's Sphere of Commercial 74a Institutes (See Schools). Institutions, Financial 67 Interest, Points of 107-115 J Jackson Square 35 Jobbing Centre 69 Johns Hopkins Hospital 40, 41, 101 Johns Hopkins Mansion, Old 34 Johns Hopkins University, The 101 Johnston Square 35 159 TMi^ BALTIMOI^^B BOOK INDEX— Continued J— Continued p^Cj. Jones Falls 21 Jones Falls (Lake Roland Reservoir) 19 Jones Falls Highway 21 Journal, Municipal 29 Key Highway 11. 21. 23 Key Monument 1 32 Labor, Federation of 27 Labor Troubles. No 65 Lafayette Market 95 Lafayette Square 35 Lake Erie and Pittsburgh Railroad 81 Lake Montebello 45 Lake Roland 19 Latrobe Park 37 Lazaretto Lighthouse 115 Lee, Robert E 152 Lexington Market 94, 95 Lexington Street 110 Liberty Triangle 35 Library, Enoch Pratt Free 101, 102 Lighting System 144, 145, 146, 147 Light Street Wharf 60, 70 Linden Avenue Triangle 37 Lines, Steamship 87, 89 Living Conditions 91 Loch Raven Dam on Gunpowder River 18 Loch Raven Reservoir 19, 37 Locust Point 50, 63 Lord Baltimore Monument 134 M McCall Ferry, Dam on the Susquehanna River 62, 63 McHenry, Fort 43, 49 McLane, Robert M 9 Machinery and Plants Exempt from Taxation 83 Madison Square 35 160 TMiijr B.ALT IIMORLE^ BOOK ~ (l INDEX— Continued M — Continued PAGE Manufacturing Establishments 57 Map of Baltimore 157 Map of Baltimore and Panama Frontispiece II Map of Baltimore and Vicinity 3 Maple Place 37 Market Place 25 Markets 94, 95, 96 Maryland Electric Railroad 63 Maryland Institute 95, 100, 101 Maryland Steel Company's Plant 56 Maryland University 101 , 104 Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad 83 Mayor 31 Merchants and Manufacturers Association 27 Merchants and Manufacturers Association, Old Town 27 Merchants and Travelers Association 27 Miscellaneous Section 99-154 Mondawmin Squares 37 Monuments (See Points of Interest) 98, 108, 122, 124, 130, 132, 134, 139, 150, 165 Mt. Royal Avenue 1 22 Mt. Royal Pumping Station 17 Mt. Royal Station 82 Mt. Royal Squares 35, 122 Mt. Royal Terraces 35, 148 Mt. Vernon Squares 35, 98, 124, 130 Municipal Docks 9, 24, 25, 26, 28, 52 Municipal Factory Site Commission 27 Municipal Hospital 39 Municipal Journal 29 N National Convention, Democratic 143 Neptune, United States Collier 85 New Hampshire, United States Battleship 88 Night Views of: Baltimore Street 1 44 Business Section 145 Charles Street 146, 147 Normal School, State 102 Northeast Market 95 Northern Central Railroad 72, 84, 151 161 ® THtr BA^LTIMORLe^ BOOK INDEX— Continued ' ' PAGE Panama and Ballimore Frontispiece II Park Place Squares 35 Parks and Squares 13, 23, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 42, 98, 120, 124, 150 Patapsco River 51, 71, 97, 151 Paving Commission 11 Peabody, George 165 Peabody Instilute 101, 104 Pennsylvania Railroad 27, 81, 82, 84, 151 Perkins Spring Square 35 Philadelphia Road Triangle 37 Phipps Psychiatric Clinic 41 Piers: Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 85, 86 Coal 74 Immigration 86 Light Street 70 Municipal 9, 24, 25, 26, 28, 52. 58 Northern Central Railroad 72, 84, 151 No. 4 25 Recreation 9 Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad 81 Plants and Machinery Exempt from Taxation 83 Playgrounds 64 Playground Association 33, 35 Poe, Edgar Allan 150 Poe Monument 1 34 Points of Interest 1 07- 1 1 5 Police Buildings 11 Police Department 49 Polytechnic Institute 45, 138 Population of Baltimore City 99 Population of Baltimore City and Suburbs 99 Postoffice 10 Pratt Free Library, Enoch 101, 102 Pratt Street 25, 1 16 Produce Market, Wholesale % Public Baths 42, 43 Public Buildings 6, 8, 10, 12, 20, 22, 30, 49. 143 Pumping Station (Sanitary Sewerage System) 15 Pumping Station. Ml. Royal (Water Department) 17 Quarantine Station 39, 4 1 162 TMt^ l3.ALTIIvK:)Re BOOI\ INDEX— Continued Railroads: ^ P^^"^ Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 29, 81 , 82, 85. 86, 89 Maryland Electric Railroad 63 Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad 83 Northern Central Railroad 72, 84, 151 Pennsylvania Railroad 27, 81 , 82. 84, 1 51 Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad 81 Western Maryland Railroad 9, 29, 74, 81 Railroad Terminal Facilities 81, 83 Real Estate Exchange 27 Recreation Pier 9, 25 Reservoirs 19, 37 Revolutionary War Monument 1 32 Richmond Market 95 Riggs Triangle 37 Rivers: Patapsco 51. 71, 97 Susquehanna 62. 63 Riverside Park 34, 35 S Sewerage System, Sanitary 9, 14, 15. 16, 17 Sewerage Disposal Plant 15, 16, 17 Sewerage Pumping Station 15 Schools 44, 45, 95, 100, 101, 120, 150 Sharp Street 114 Sheds, Freight 54 Shepherd at Druid Hill Park 105 Shipbuilding Industries 56 Soldiers and Sailors Monument 139 South Street 66 Sports, Aquatic 105 Squares and Parks (See Points of Interest) .... 1 3. 23, 32. 33. 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 42, 98, 120, 124. 130, 150 Star-Spangled Banner (or Key) Monument 132 Stations: Mt. Royal (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad) 82 Union (Pennsylvania Railroad) 82 Steamship Lines 87. 89 Street Car Service 93 Street Paving 11 Streets 38, 48, 66. 106, 108, i lO, 112, 114, 116. 118, 120, 122, 124, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150 Suburbs of Baltimore 90, 92, 99 Swann Park 37 Swimming Pool (Patterson Park) 34, 42 Sydenham Hospital 39, 41 163 THiir 13 -M.TIMOR B fc300K INDEX— Continued T PAGE Taney Place 35 Taxation, Machinery and Plants Exempt from 83 Teachers' Trainmg School 45 Terminal Facilities 72, 74, 81, 83, 85 Theatres 1 05 Trade and Industrial Organizations 55 Transportation and Commerce 69 Travelers and Merchants Association 27 Troubles, No Labor 65 Tunnel, Belt Line 63 U Union Square 35 Union Station 82 Universities (See Schools). University of Maryland 101, 104 University Parkway 149 V Venable Park 37 Vocational Schools 45 w Wage-Earners and Wages 57 Wallace Monument 134 Wallers Art Gallery 101 Warehouses, Freight 54 Washington Monument 93, 124, 130 Washington Place Squares 35 Waterfront 71, 136 Water Pipe Line, High Pressure II Water Supply 11, 17, 18, 19, 37, 45 Watson Monument (Mexican War) 1 30 Western Maryland Railroad 9, 29, 74 Wharf, Light Street 60, 70 Wharves (See Piers). White Way, The Great 144 Wilkens Avenue Squares 35 164 TH^3^ BALTIMORE KOOK INDEX — Concluded W — Continued PAGE Wildey Monument (Odd Fellows) 1 50 Woman's College 100. 101 Wyman Park 37 Y Yards, Freight 50, 68, 84 Young Men's Christian Association 1 54 « George PeaboJy, Founder Peobody Institute 165 ., „ II LIBRARY OF CONGRESS iiiiiL '■il