The Great Sound Money Parade in New York City We Know No 'Enemy's Country' in This Fair Land of Ours" LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. Chapf .L2r.^ Copyright No. Shelf.._' _.:.^ ,Cr7g UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. r .-^i ^>^ THIS PAGE RESERVED FOR THEODORE B. STARR JEWELER 206 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK **'GCic arc unalterably opposed to every measure calculated to debase our currency or impair the credit of our country." — Republican party platform, 1896 Cbe 6rcat Sound jVIoncy parade in ]Vcw Y^rk H91 Cbc Republic press 1897 \A%^OVo ^^A \vV'\a^^-VAaj, Copyright BV The New York Printing Co. (The Republic Press) 1897 PREFACE. TN the heat of presidential eontests, popular demonstrations in behalf of opposing candidates are often imposing' in numbers and enthusiasm. The parades in the Bhiine-Cleveland and Harrison-Clevehmd campaigns were the most noteworthy up to the time of their occurrence, and were especi- ally intiuential factors in securing success. None cf these equalled, rivalled or approached the Great Republican and Sound Money Parade in behalf of McKinley and Hobart, October 31, 1896. This event was practically the union for the time being of two great parties in New York. It exceeded in numbers, wealth, standing and in- telligence of the participants, any other political demonstration ever held in America. It was the unique and almost unanimous outpouring of the business men of New York in numbers so vast that even to the most thoughtless observer they became majestic. How far the influence of this great demonstration was felt, of course cannot be known, but it is reasonable to suppose that it conveyed an impressive lesson from ocean to ocean. The Great Parade will not be equalled within the lifetime of those who participated in it, since, for obvious reasons, the union of political parties is at once infrecjuent and remarkable. Those who participated, therefore, in the Great vSound Money Parade, took part in an historic event which deserves more permanent and digni- fied record than current newspaper description. In this belief, the publishers respectfully offer this volume to the public. They hope that it will be found of sufficient interest and value to merit preservation. In the effort to give the work logical form, it has been divided into two general divisions, the civil and military. The publishers desire especially to thank Mr. Edward A. Drake, 6 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Secretary of the Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Associ- ation, for encouragement and material aid. Mr. Drake has been the moving spirit in Republican demonstrations for many years, and his energy and devotion were potent factors in the success of the Great Parade. They desire also to acknowledge the unfailing courtesy of many of the officers of local organizations, whom it would be pleasant to mention in- dividually, did space permit, and the courteous assistance of Mr. G. Harry Abbott, of the Cloak and Suit Review, and of Mr. J. C. Shenck, of the Dry Goods Eeonoviist. The pages which follow, bristling as they do with names and interests of national importance, will convince even careless readers that when the busy citizens of the metropolis, at the call of duty or national danger, lay aside their pressing personal interests to take up the game of politics, they play it magnificentl}'. 'fsor'^ CONTENTS. Preface, ............. The Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association, by Edward A. Drake, Esq., ........ Civil Organization of the Associations : Historical Sketch of the Bankers' and Brokers' McKinley and Hobart Chib, by E. A. Drake, Officers, The Wholesale Dry Goods Republican Club, by Andrew Jacobs, Central Division Wholesale Dry Goods McKinley and Hobart Association, ......... Officers, ........... Officers of the Wool Exchange, ...... The Merchant Tailors' Sound Money League, by Thomas O. Denny Railway and vSteamship Sound Money Club, by John L. vSnow, Officers, ........-• McKinley and Hobart Club of the Paper and Associated Trades by Frank vSquier, ....... Officers of the Coal Trade Sound Money Club, Officers of the Wine and Spirit Traders' Society of the United States, .......•■ Officers of the Produce Exchange McKinley and Hobart Sound Money League, ......••• Architectural Division, by Clive Newcombe Elliot, . Officers of the Cotton Exchange Sound Money Club, The Coffee Exchange and Lower Wall Street Business Men' McKinley and Hobart Sound Money Club, by Abram Wakeman Officers, .....•••• Custom House Brokers' Sound Money Club, by H. Robinson, Officers of the Leaf Tobacco Sound Money Club, Officers of the Lawyers' Sound Money Campaign Club, . Officers of the Insurance Men's Sound Money Club, The Real Estate Sound Money Club, by John F. Doyle, . Officers of the New York Protective Machinery, Railway Supply and Metal Association, 22 24 25 27 28 30 30 32 32 S3 34 35 35 35 36 37 37 39 42 42 43 44 46 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Furnace, Range and Stove Manufacturers' Sound Money League by " Jeems," ......... Publishers' and Advertisers' Sound Money Club, Officers, ........... The Jewelers' McKinley and Hobart Club, by O. G. Fessenden, Drug, Paint and Chemical Trades' Campaign Club, by Andrew B. Rogers, .......... Officers, .......... Officers of the Campaign Club of the Manufacturers and Dealers in Supplies for Steam, Water and Gas, .... The Hide and Leather Sound Money Association, by Col. E. H Conklin, .......... The Shoe Trade Republican and Sound Money Club, Officers, .......... Officers of the West Side Merchants' Sound Money Club, Officers of the Saddlery and Harness Trade Sound Money Club, The Millinery Trade Republican Club, by John L. Baker, Officers of the Hardware Trade Sound Money League, Officers of the Clothiers Legion, The Hat Trade McKinley and Hobart Sound Money and Good Government Club, by Alexander Caldwell, Cloak and Suit Trade McKinley and Hobart Sound Money Club, by G. Harry Abbott, Officers, ........ Rubber Trade Republican and Sound Money Club, by J. L. Gilman, Officers of West Side Retail Dealers' Republican Club, The Great Sound Money Parade, Its Moral Significance— Comparison with Other Parades— The Greatest Pageant of Peace, 110,000 Men- The Day Not Long Enough— Ilkimmations— Character of the Paraders— Marvellous Display of National Colors—Some Notable Decorations— Perfect Weather-Unprecedented Crowds— A Million Spectators— Forma- tion and Start of Procession— Grand Stand and Reviewing Party- Arrival of the Procession— Gen. Porter and Staff-Mavor Strong and Escort— The Great Column Itself— Personal Insignia— Field of the Cloth ot Gold— Banners of the Paraders— Songs and Cries. The Military Organization of the Associations : Order of March, including the names of many individuals and firms participating, ...... Personnel of the Column, 46 47 48 49 50 51 53 54 56 56 57 58 58 59 60 60 "3 63 64 65 66 101 173 THE BUSINESS MEN^S REPUBLICAN AND SOUND MONEY ASSOCIATION. n^O properly tell the story of the git^'antic demonstration of the lUisiness Men's Republican and Sound Money Association in 1896, it is necessary to refer briefly to the history of the Business Men's Republican Association, an organization which by its strength and activity in five preceding presi- dential campaigns paved the way for it. The first ai^plication of the title of Business Men to their participation in a political parade, as such,, was made to the representatives assembled separately, but parading jointly as delegates from their respective trade headquarters, in the torchlight procession for the Repul)lican candidates, Hayes and Wheeler, in the campaign of 1876. vSo much importance was attached to the outbreak of "Business ]Men," which term was correctly applied to the large body of participants, composed of principals, clerks and wage-earners, that an attempt was made to forestall a greater eft'ect in the succeeding campaign of 18S0 by a widely-spread statement, which was vigorously supported in the opposition press, that the principles, candidates and measiu'cs of the Republican party, which had by that time held the reins of government for nearl}- twenty years, were not approved of and earnestly endorsed by the real business element of the country, and that the support pre- viously accorded had been rendered under compulsion from fear that disaffection would be severely punished by oppressive measiu'es and political ostracism. It was also loudly proclaimed that, but for these reasons, a tremendous accession of Republicans to the ranks of the Democratic party would be witnessed. To prove these charges unfounded, to demonstrate the real sentiments of the busi- ness community, and the strength of their suppcu't of the principles of the Re- publican party, it was determined by a few active spirits to organize an associ- ation which should be entirely free from all influences exercised by political " machines," and as indicated by the title which was adopted, purely Repub- lican in sentiment and business-like in its methods. Its purpose was to show that the thousands of leading business men who were claimed as adherents by the Republican leaders were so honestly sincere in their principles that they were willing to enroll themselves in the "rank and file," if necessary, of the batallions formed in their different trade centers, to parade jointly in military form, as evidence of their party fealty. Before the plan of the first parade in 18S0 was completed, separate associ- ations were organized in the principal centers of trade, notably the New York Stock Exchange, the Wholesale Dry Goods District, and the Produce Exchange, and a monster Business Men's meeting was arranged, to be held in the very heart of the chief business district of the metropolis. EDWARD A. DRAKE. THE grp:at sound money parade. II The Bankers and Brokers' Republican Club was the active organizer of that meeting, and invited the co-operation of the other Republican clubs re- ferred to. The permission of Government officials for the use of the steps of the United States Sub-Treasury Building, at the corner of Wall, Broad and Nassau Streets, having been obtained, plans for a grand rally were rapidly effected. Police permits were secured, and military formation was completed by the Wholesale Dry Goods and the Produce Exchange contingents, as well as by several minor Republican trade organizations which had been hurriedly formed to participate. Attended by numerous bands of music, and commanded by their most widely knowm and influential members, these bodies marched to points where they were received by representatives of the Bankers and Brokers" Republican Club, and escorted to the place of meeting. The enthusiasm of the paraders and the people along the line of march was unbounded, which was due to the fact that the front ranks of the leading companies in all of the organ- izations were filled by grey-haired veterans in their several occupations, of whom many for the first time proudly complied with "marching orders " in support of their principles. Buildings along the routes of the dift'erent organi- zations were handsomely decorated, and the meeting place, the Sub-Treasury steps, speakers' stands, and adjoining buildings were fairly alive with the National colors. The meeting was called to order by President James D. Smith of the Bankers and Brokers' Club, and Hon. Jackson S. Shultz of the Produce Ex- change w^as elected Chairman. Col. Robert G. IngersoU was the principal speaker of those who addressed the assembled throng, and when the meeting adjourned, after an almost unlimited display of patriotism, in campaign music and enthusiasm, for the Republican party, its principles, and candidates, the successful entry of the Republican business man into political campaigns was assured. The influence of that meeting both in New^ York City and the country was widespread, in that it effectually refuted the charge that the principal business men of the country were opposed to the party in power, and further that it imposed upon the opposition party the necessity for a similar demonstration to prove that all of the leading business men of the country were not of one faith. Accordingly as the campaign of 1S84 was approached, it became certain that however formidable the demonstration by Republican Business Men in that canvass might be, it was certain to be rivalled by a display of like character and proportions on the part of Business Men in the other party. Without referring at this time to the disappointment experienced by a large part of the business community that President Chester A. Arthur, who had succeeded the martyred James A. Garfield in the Presidential chair, did not receive the well-merited nomination of the Republican Convention at Cin- cinnati in that vear, the association rallied grandly to the support of the party 12 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. candidates, the Hon. James G. Blaine and General John A. Logan, and the labor of perfecting- the association and enlarging the scope and work of the Republican Business Men as a body was taken np with vigor. An invitation was issued to representatives of all the leading branches of business to send delegates to a meeting which was called by Secretary E. A. Drake at the Grand Central Hotel early in the Summer of 1884. At that meeting there were some twenty in attendance. Mr. John F. Plummer was elected Presi- dent, with Hon. W. L. Strong, Mr. H. K. Thurber, Mr. W. H. T. Hughes and Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss as Vice-Presidents, and Edward A. Drake was elected permanent Secretar3^ Carefully devised plans were prepared to secure the rapid enrollment of all of the Republican voters in every department of the various branches of biisiness represented. Military formation was determined upon, and a joint parade under the command of a Grand Marshal and his Escort was arranged. As is well remembered, the campaign was a rancorous one; tremendous enthusiasm and unlimited party spirit were evoked in both camps. The parade of the Republican Business Men's Association as forined and commanded by Col. C. B. Mitchell, Grand Marshal, was a splendidly representative one. Under the lead of its Officers and Executive Committee, nearly thirty trades were represented by large contingents. The line of march was up Broadway and F'ifth Avenue, to and beyond the reviewing stand at Worth's Monument in Madison Square, where it was reviewed by the principal candidate of its party, the Hon. James G. Blaine, surrounded by a host of supporters. Mr. Blaine was later entertained at the farpous banquet at Delmonico's, which, to the opposition party foreshadowed his defeat. Notwithstanding the depressing effect of the failure to elect for the first time in nearly a quarter of a century upon the active workers in the association at large, the organization of the Business Men's Republican Association was perpetuated, and the campaign of 1888 in support of Harrison and Morton was entered upon with all the vigor and energy imaginable, and with a determina- tion to reverse the result of the election of 1884 by an overwhelming majority. Meetings of delegates to the Executive Committee of the association were called at the Fifth Avenue Hotel, and many of those who are now prominent holders of office, National, vState and City, were regular attendants. The marked revulsion in sentiment caused by the acts, or failures to act, of the Democratic administration, and by the return of sentiment in support of "protection " as against "free trade," resulted in a phenomenal increase in the enrollment of members with the different clubs composing the Association, which on the day of parade turned out an aggregate, it was claimed, of upwards of 85,000 men. The American flag was generally adopted as the emblem of the several clubs, and was profusely displayed. The line of march was laid, as in^previous parades, from the Battery up Broadway and Fifth Avenue, to and beyond the reviewing stand at Worth's monument. Formation was again THE (IREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. 1 3 planned and admirably carried ont by Col. Con. B. ^litchell as (irand Marshal, with a large and well-selected mounted staff. The right of line was given to the Bafikers and Brokers' Republican Club, which accordingly marched out of Wall Street at the head of the procession, and was followed successively on the route by each of the other chibs as its rendezvous on the march uptown was uncovered by the advancing column. The parade was reviewed by Hon. Levi P. jNIorlon, wlio was attended to the stand from the Fifth Avenue Hotel by a Reception Committee, escorted by a detail of police. j\Ir. Morton pluckily held his post, although the parade was prolonged until after daylight had tied, and was strengthened in so doing by the assurance that the Wholesale Dry Goods Republican Club, which was then, as it has been at all times, the largest in point of numbers and enthusiasm in the parade, which was under the command of its President, Hon. William L. Strong, had not yet reached the reviewing point. Every effort was made to to make the Square around the reviewing stand brilliant with artificial light. Numerous calcium lights were located so as to light up the line of march, electric lights not having at that time been erected. The demonstration was an extraordinary and unmarred success, (followed by Republican success at the polls a few days later). It was so unexpectedly tremendous in its proportions, and so undoubted in enthusiasm, that its effect was made percept dile throughout the length and breadth of the land, and the writer feels no hesitation in saying that it was the determining factor in the result of the campaign of that year. Reports of its character and dimensions were rapidly distributed by wire all over the country, and the morning editions of the ])ublic press which appeared on the succeeding day, which was Sunday, were emblazoned with large-lettered headlines proclaiming the marked change which had evidently been effected in the sentiment of the business com- munity of the metropolis, for it was in every feature a most startling and spirited declai'ation of party loyalty, and mainly of adherence to the doctrine of "protection," the war-cry of the Republican party. The buildings along the route were artistically and profusely decorated with bunting, and the multi- tude along the line of march gave imlimitcd expression to their sympathy with the Republican cause. The date of the Republican parade had been skillfully arranged so as to occur by daylight on the Saturday immediately preceding Election Day, and by reason of its size to occupy the principal streets during the entire afternoon. Police permit to that end had been procured covering the occupancy of the designated route until 8 P. M. For that reason it became necessary for the leaders of the Democratic Business Men's Association, in order to counteract as nearly as possible the effect of the Republican demonstration, to arrange for their parade, which was scheduled for the same date, subsequent to that hour, and as by agreement between the rival associations, the grand stands of both parties at the reviewing point had been erected on dift'erent sides of Fifth Ave- 14 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. nue facing, to be used jointly, the line of march which up to nightfall, had been densely packed with Republican paraders and onlookers, and made reson- ant with the strains of their martial campaign music, was again immediately after eight o'clock in the evening made brilliant by the pageantry of a Demo- cratic torchlight parade, that had been assembled in the uptown districts and which marched in the opposite direction, through the principal thoroughfares of the city until early morning hours. The organization of the Republican Business Men's Association was con- tinued, though there was no occasion for meetings of any character until the campaign of 1892, when it was rallied again to the support of the nomination by the Republican Convention of that year of Harrison and Reid. For personal reasons, Mr. John F. Plummer, the President of the Associa- tion, resigned his office, and the Hon. William L. Strong was elected to suc- ceed him. Meetings of the association were not held during that year at the Fifth Avenue Hotel, as formerly, but by the courtesy of the Ohio Society, of which Mr. Strong was President, at their rooms, No. 236 Fifth Avenue. Enrollment of members in the vai'ious sub-organizations progressed rap- idly, and there was every indication that the parade of that campaign was to be of the usual character and importance. General Horace Porter had been selected for and had accepted the position of Grand Marshal of the parade, and was ably and rapidly pushing forward his preparations. Reports received at headquarters indicated that 60, 000 names had been all together enrolled by the different organizations of the association, when the sad news was received of the severe illness and later of the death of the wife of President Harrison. Out of respect to the President in his affliction, an official communication was at once addressed to him from the association, through General Porter, proposing an abandonment of the projected parade. President Harrison in reply expressed his heartfelt appreciation of the marked evidence of sympathy and respect thus conveyed to him, but earnestly urged that the party's prospects of success in the canvass be not endangered by the abatement in any respect of the proposed demonstration if, in the judgment of the officers of the association, that effect was likely to be produced by so doing. Careful consideration was given by the Executive Committee of the Asso- ciation to this well-balanced suggestion by its party chief, the President of the United States, which resulted, however, in the adoption of resolutions expres- sive of the fact that 60,000 enrolled Republican Business Men, through their leaders, officially advised President Harrison that out of respect for him, and sympathy with his bereavement, they had decided to abandon the parade which had been arranged to take place at the close of the then pending campaign in this city. This change of programme was regarded by many, even for the reason given, as a fatal mistake, and by some it was alleged to have been prompted THE (IREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. I 5 by fear of the approaching" outcome of that campaign. It was nevertheless prompted by honest motives. Instead of the parade, and as an outlet for the pent-up enthusiasm of the party, it was decided to hold a Business Men's Meeting in the evening at Car- negie Hall. Similar meetings were also arranged for ni otiier ])arts of the city, with Carnegie Hall as a subsequent rallying point. When assembled, Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss, as Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Association, called the meeting to order, and introduced as Chairman, Mr. John Claflin, who, after a brief address, was followed by a num- ber of prominent speakers, of whom the well-known and eloquent Frederic Taylor, Jr., recently deceased, was the chief. That meeting was the final demonstration in the campaign of 1892, which resulted in the election of the candidates of the Democratic party. Prior to the closing meeting of that campaign, by resolutions, the asso- ciation was again continued, and was again aroused to active work by the approach of the now celebrated campaign of 1896. Some reluctance was evidenced on the part of President William L. Strong of the association, who was at the same tunc President of by far the largest organization connected with it, viz: the Wholesale Dry Goods Republican Club, to issue a call for the preliminary meeting of the Executive Committee, he having, as he very delicately expressed it, some doubt as to the propriety of a "Reform " Mayor of the great City of New York, which he then was, taking so pronounced and active a part as he would necessarily be obliged to do, in an organization so strongly partisan. Tlie call was issued therefore, as usual, by Secretary E. A. Drake, through the daily press, and at the first meeting, which was held, as were all others during the campaign, by the courtesy of the pro- prietors of the the Fifth Avenue Hotel in Parlor DR of that well known hostelry, organization for the year was considered, and a sub-commiltee was appointed to wait upon Mayor Strong and express to him the unanimous wish of the committee that he should accept the presidency of the Association and preside over its deliberations. As the result of this expression, the President's hesitancy was overcome, and he reassumed the duties of the position which he had so worthily filled Col. Chas. F Homer was elected First Vice-President, and Mr. Frank Brainerd, Second Vice-President, with Mr. Edward A. Drake as Secretary and Treasurer. Gen. Horace Porter was again unanimously elected Grand Marshal, and the story of his success in that role is graphically told elsewhere in this volume; the wisdom of his selec- tion was splendidly justified by the successful manner in which the parade was by him conducted to a glorious conclusion; in no way was his skill and judg- inent better demonstrated than in the selection of his own lieutenants, upon whom he was able to depend with perfect confidence. In the early Summer of 1896, but little indication of the tremendous out- pouring which was to be made historic on October 31st of that year was evi- 1 6 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. denced. Free silver had not yet been threatened, and although various indica- tions promised the alliance which ^vas later effected, considerable effort was required to stimulate the association to active preparation. Over-confidence appeared then, as it did throughout the campaign, to make aggressive work seem unnecessary to the rank and file. One sub-organization after another was however prompted to complete its enrollment, and perfect its military formation. The large expense of this work was borne rather unwillingly by the leaders until the platform and nominations of the Democratic Convention at Chicago were announced; from that time until election day, there was no limit to the activity displayed, or to the support guaranteed to insure the success of McKinley and Hobart. At the first meeting of the committee for routine business it became evident that a reaction in public sentiment, far more extended and forcible in its character than that which produced the "Mug- wump " party in the Blaine and Logan campaign, but in this instance in favor of "Sound Money" as against "Free Silver," had caused a rupture in the ranks of the Democratic party, by which the faction which stood for honest money was driven out by its own refusal to support principles which threatened to strike a fatal blow to the honor of the Nation. The natural affiliation of these Sound Money adherents of Democratic faith was with the Republican party, one of the principal planks of whose plat- form declared most emphatically for gold as a standard of value. Wisdom prevailed in the counsels of the Re[)ublican organization, and at the earnest representation of some of the delegates assembled that a strict adherence to the original title of the association, " Business Men's Republican Association," would certainly prevent the co-operation of a large contingent from the ranks of the Democratic party, it was resolved to amplify that title by the recognition therein of another of its principles, and the name became "The Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association." By that step, the leaders of both parties rallied vmder one banner, and by none was heartier support rendered to the cause than by those who had abandoned their party for the support of honest money. The utmost activity was displayed in every business center of the metropo- lis. Leading representatives were sent as delegates to the Executive Com- mittee of the Association, and its frequently recurring meetings were attended with unusual regularity by large numbers; its deliberations, presided over for the better part by either First Vice-President Homer, or vSecond Vice-President Brainard, the President reserving to himself freedom to take active part in discussion by not assuming the Chair, were conducted in a manner to justify the right of the Association to its title of Business JNIen. Careful attention was given to the minute details of the parade. Commit- tees were appointed separately to take charge of each important feature, and the result speaks for the way in which their duties were performed. Owing to the herculean task imposed upon the Grand Marshal, and to the innumerable THE GRKAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. 17 suggestions concerning it, it was early deemed advisable to appoint a subCom- mittee from the Executive Committee to confer with the Grand Marshal. It becaine evident, as the date selected for the parade approached, that the plan of formation usually adopted, by which the head of the column started from the lower end of the city, and was successively followed by other associa- tions on its way uptown, would have to be changed, on account of the phenom- enal numbers enrolled to participate. Organizations which had theretofore fur- nished rolls of a thousand to twenty-five hundred names, sent in lists of from four to seven thousand, and even then the indications were that the Wholesale Dry Goods contingent alone, under the command of Marshal William E. Webb, would parade upwards of twenty thousand men. Based on this showing, early estimates predicted an aggregate of over one hundred thousand for the march. Accordingly, it was arranged by the Grand Marshal that the Dry Goods Club, as its size entitled it to, should head the procession, assembling in the streets of what is known as the "Dry Goods District," and later march into column on Broadway following the ^layor (President), who rode in the only carriage allowed in the parade with Ex-Mayor Abram S. Hewitt, his guest, accompanied by the members of the Executive Committee on foot, all under the escort of the Grand Marshal, his mounted staff, and numerous aides, making a magnificent display. The other organizations fell into line as else- where described. In every feature it was an exceptionally remarkable demonstration of popular sentiment. The weather, which had been threatening before, was superb. The temper of the people buoyant. The head of the parade reached the Reviewing Stand, as arranged, at about eleven o'clock, and from that hour forward its body pressed on in solid array, with measured step, rapidly, with surprising soldierly precision in response to the oft-repeated command of Marshals' Aides to "clo.se up." Even a disinterested observer could not fail to be impressed with the peculiar adaptability of the American citizen, free- born and naturalized, to the requirement of military tactics. President McKinley was unable to review the parade, and Vice-President Garret A. Hobart was the principal reviewing guest. He was surrounded at his post on the stand, which' he maintained throughout the entire day with re- markable good nature and courtesy, by distinguished officials of the Nation, State and City. " Open House " was kept by the Reception Committee at Headcpiarters in the Fifth Avenue Hotel, and the comfort of the numerous distinguished and invited guests of the Association was amply provided for. Owing to extreme caution, and for fear of accident by overcrowding, the Grand Stands were at no time more than comfortably filled. They were, under the direction of a Special Committee, beautifully decorated, while each of their occupants was supplied with a miniature American fiag. A separate stand l8 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. was provided for the Republican National, State and County Committees and their guests, immediately north of the main reviewing stand. Owing to work on the Croton water main excavations in progress on Fifth Avenue, it became necessary for the column to make a detour to Madison Avenue after it had passed the reviewing point, returning to that thoroughfare to be reviewed by the Grand Marshal and his staff at the corner of 40th Street. Perhaps the most astonishing feature of the parade, and one which evi- denced the remarkable skill and forethought of the Grand Marshal, was the ease with which the column was disintegrated and its battalions assimilated by the hosts of onlookers. Unstinted praise should be awarded to all of those to whose combined efforts was due the unparalleled success which attended the demonstration, and it is safe to say that to the absolute harmony which continued uninterrupted from the beginning to the completion of the affair, is to be attributed its imqualified success. That such a demonstration was imperatively needed in this Metropolis to convince even those who took part in it of the strength of the popular demand for " Sound Money " in this stronghold of Democracy and consequent "Free Silver " sentiment, was made perfectly plain by the fact that a canvass of the ballots cast in New York City showed that there were still approximately one hundred and twenty-five thousand voters opposed to "Sound Money," and it needs but little insight to reach the conclusion that but for the earnest and vigorous work which was performed in the preparations for the carrying out of that popular outDurst, to which so many voters distinctly opposed to Republi- canism /rr se were attracted, that number would have been largely exceeded. The result of the election justified the congratulations which were extended in anticipation at the termination of the parade to the Hon. Garret A. Hobart for himself and his Chief on the ticket, as "President and Vice- President Elect," by the oflficials surrounding him, who were visibly impressed hy its proportions. The sense of an honest duty well performed was experi- -enced by all who had labored to that end. I cannot close this recital without a heartfelt reference to the admirable way in which the Police Department performed its onerous duties on this important occasion. No report of a single case of discourteous or rough treat- ment by an officer was received, and had it been possible to gather such evidence, there can be but little doubt that an overwhelming popular sense of ^.ppreciation of their work would have been procured. After the election there was some talk of a jubilee parade, but that was ' foregone, and instead a Jubilee Dinner was held at Delmonico's on February 26, 1897. EDWARD A. DRAKE. CIVIL ORGANIZATION. J' GENERAL OEFICERS. PRESIDENT, WILLIAM L. vSTRONG. FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT, CHARLES F. HOMER. SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT, FRANK BRAINARD. SECRETARY AND TREASURER, EDWARD A. DRAKE. J- EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WHOLESALE DRY GOODS. Hon. William L. Strong-, Pres., W. E. Webb, Ex.-Com^ BANKERS AND BROKERS. Jas. D. Smith, Pres., Chas. E. Ouincey, Ex. -Com. PRODUCE EXCHANGE. Thos. A. Mclntyre, Pres., F. Brainard, Ex. -Com. CENTRAL DIVISION DRY GOODS. Albert Tilt, Pres., Chas. F. Homer, Ex. -Com. DRUG, PAINT AND OIL TRADE. Geo. J. vSeabury, Pres. HAT TRADE. W. B. Thom, Chairman, Alexander Caldwell, Ex. -Com. LAWYERS. Wheeler H. Peckham, Pres,, Chas. H. Sherrill, Jr., Ex. -Com. jewellers' TRADE. J. B. Bowden, Pres. INSURANCE. George T. Patterson, Pres. PAPER TRADE. Geo. F. Perkins, Pres., W. D. May, Ex. -Com. LOWER WALL ST. AND COFFEE EXCHANGE. H. W. Banks, Pres., Gus. A. Jahn, Ex. -Com., A. Wakeman, Jr. COAL TRADE. E. J. Berwind, Pres., R. H. Williams, Ex-Com. HON. WILLIAM L. STRONG. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. HIDE AND LEATHER. E. R. Ladew, Pres., Eugene H. Conklin, Ex. -Com. MACHINERY AND METAL TRADE. Chas, A. Moore, Pres., H. S. Manning, Ex. -Com. MILLINERY TRADE. Jno. L. Baker, Pres. COTTON EXCHANGE. M. B. Fielding, Pres., William F. King, Ex. -Com. HARD\YARE TRADE. A. D. Clinch, Ex. -Com. clothiers' legion. Max. Ernst, Pres., Jos. W. Gibson, Ex. -Com. STEAM, water AND GAS SUPPLIES. Chas. H. Simmons, Pres., Walter B. Tufts, Ex. -Com. RAILWAY AND STEAMSHIPS. Jno. L. Snow, Pres. publishers' trade. Chas. A. Dana, Pres., H. Drisler, Jr., Ex. -Com. REAL estate. Horace S. Ely, Pres., Jno. F. Doyle, Ex. -Com. HARNESS trade. C. M. Moseman, Pres., F. T. Liiqueer, Jr., Ex. -Com. merchant tailors. E. Twyeffort, Pres. WEST SIDI', MERCHANTS. W. Wills, Pres., Col. B. F. Hart, Ex. -Com. TOBACCO TRADE. Jos. F. Cullman, Pres., A. Bijur, Ex. -Com. CUSTOM HOUSE BROKERS. Chas. S. Devoy, Pres. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. Maxwell Lester, Sec'y. CROCKERY AND GLASSWARE. Geo. B. Jones, Ex. -Com. SHOE TRADE. Irving R. Fisher, Ex. -Com.. Daniel P. Morse. wheelmen's LEAGUE. p. H. O'Connell, Pres., W. H. Coyle, Ex. -Com. WINE AND SPIRIT DEALERS. F. J. Crilly, Pres. ARCHITECTURAL DIVISION. Bruce Price, Pres., C. N. Elliot, Ex.-Com. UNITED ITALIAN. J. E. March, Pres. WEST SIDE RETAIL DEALERS. W. A. Mass, Pres., Jos. E. Muhling, Ex.-Com. CIVIL ORGANIZATION. SUB-DIVISIONS. BANKERS^ AND BROKERS' REPUBLICAN CLUB. The first participation by a representation of Bankers and Brokers as such in a poHtical parade was in 1876, when a contingent of over 300 RepubHcans of the N. Y. Stock Exchange joined in the Hayes and Wheeler torchhght proces- sion; the organization then effected was continued until 1880, when permanent organization was perfected under the title of The Bankers and Brokers' Repub- lican Club. That club has since been maintained j^vith its original President and Secre- tary, and most of the other officers as well. It has been a potent factor in every National campaign, and is tO' be credited with originating the idea of purely Business Men's Clubs in political canvasses. Its active habilitation in 1880 w^as born of the determination of its organizers, who with but a few ex- ceptions are active in its control to-day, to prove unfounded the claim made by the many opponents of the Republican Party, which had then controlled the policy of the National Government for twenty years, that its methods were not approved of and supported by the leading Republican business men of the country, who, it was alleged, had not been sufficiently bold to declare their opposition by voting in the previous closely contested election for the Demo- cratic candidate, with whom it was said, nevertheless, they had secretly sympa- thized, and whom they hoped to see elected. Its formation inaugurated a departure in the attitude of Republicans col- lectively, in that it set the example for the formation of Republican Clubs in every branch of trade, which clubs were designated, and thereafter known by titles indicating the occupation of their members. The idea and its purpose met with cordial support, and the Club was at once a success. Similar clubs were formed in the Wholesale Dry Goods district and the Produce Exchange, and while the Garfield and Arthur campaign was actively progressing, the plan of a monster Republican meeting in Wall Street, in imita- tion of meetings held in the same locality during the War period (i860 to 1865), was conceived by the Executive Officers of the Bankers and Brokers' Repub- lican Club. The two other large bodies referred to were invited to participate. The responses received were prompt and unequivocal. Neither combined effort nor money was wanting to secure success. THE GREAT SOUND MO.\l-,Y I'AkADK. 27, The plan of military formation and procession to the place of meeting, pro- vided for the reception and escort of the visiting- claims by the bankers and Brokers' Republican Club to the front of the United States Treasury Building at the intersection of Wall, Broad and Nassau Streets. The utmost satisfaction was expressed by all concerned at the success of the demonstration, and its efifect upon the pending canvass. The important commands in the several trade regiments marching to the rendezvous were held by the most active workers in the cause, while the front ranks of the Companies were fillctl with greyhaired veterans in the faith, (who were also leading representatives in their several occupations,) keeping step with younger partisans to the strains of inspiring campaign music. The front of the Treasury building and the speakers' stand were profusely decorated with national colors; the enthusiasm of the throng when assembled, as it had been along the line of march, was unbounded. Jackson S. Schultz presided, having been introduced to the meeting by Pres. J. D. Smith of the B. and B. Club. Col. Robert G. Ingersoll, the most prominent speaker, was encouraged to his best effort. When the meeting closed, its good effect was already evident. Leaders of every branch of business were stimulated by pride in the representation of their respective trades, and active combined work for the party's candidates was assured, not only in the campaign then pending, but also in later national campaigns. Several similar trade clubs, which were hurriedly formed to take part in this meeting, were the nucleus of the tremendous organizations which have fol- lowed out in later campaigns the original plan of parading together, but over a much more extended route. The very decided effect produced upou the wavering or floating vote in both State and Country by the showing thus made by the Republican business men stimulated the opposition, or Democratic party, to imitation upon a sim- ilarly large scale. A spirit of intense rivalry was developed, and all will remem- ber the parades of 1884, '88 and '92. Several of those most actively engaged in founding the Bankers and Brok- ers' Club in 1880 were won over to the ranks of Mr. Cleveland's supporters in 1884, but by far the greater number have been true to their principles, and liave labored incessantly to extend the scope of " Business Men's " labor in National canvasses, with the result that the title of " Business Men " has been taken to by the various congressional and assembly district machines, and applied to their local organizations, in order to attract the better class of voters. The Club was the only one which accepted the invitation of the Republicans of Philadel- phia to take part in the Jubilee night parade in that city in honor of the election of Harrison and ]\lorton. The Bankers and Brokers' Club made every prei)arat!on to participate in the parade of 1892 in support of the party's candidates, which parade, however, was abandoned on account of the death of the wife of (k-neral Harrison. 24 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. The Club was, through its representatives, as it had been in the previous parades, the most active instigator and promoter of early and continued effort to make the parade of 1896 the grand success that it was. The Club was ably represented in the Executive Committee of the Business Men's Association, and is to be credited among other things, with there suggesting the amplification of the Association's title to that of "The Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association," which made practicable the aflfiliation of Sound Money Democrats with Republicans, both for the purposes of the parade and in the endorsement of that party's candidates on account of that principle. The Roll of the Club to-day embraces eight thousand names of persons connected directly with the Stock Exchanges, Banks, Trust Companies and Banking and Brokerage concerns. In numbers and appearance in the different parades, it has always justified the high claims made for it by its officers, of whom those who were responsible for the military formation and display are veterans in the service of the Nation and their State. EDWARD A. DRAKE. J- BANKERS' AND BROKERS' McKINLEY AND HOBART CLUB. President, JA'MES D. SMITH. Vice President, R. H. THOMAS. Treasurer, ARCHIBALD TURNER. Secretary, EDWARD A. DRAKE. Vice Presidents. James L. Stillnian. Thomas L. James. W. E. Connor. H. K. McHarg. Gen. S. Thomas. G. R. Gibson. F. P. Olcott. Archibald Turner. A. O. Apgar. John G. Moore. Levi P. Morton. P. C. Lounsberry. H. H. Rogers. J. P. Morgan. George T. Hillhouse. F. D. Tappen. S. V. White. Nicholas Fisher. John D. Archbold. Donald McKay. THK GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 25 A. C. Cheney. Horace L. Hotchkiss. G. W. Ouintanl. D. F. Porter. S. M. vShaffer G. C. Williams. J. H. Schiff. Thomas Denny. G. C. Clark. H. C. Oakley. W. H. Brown. H. W. AFali. E. A. Ouintard. E. C. Stedman. James Seligman. A. F. R. ^lartin. J. F. Daniels. H. J. Morse. H. T. Chapman. R. TT. Thomas. H. H. Hollister. W. E. Trotter. W. H. Cannon. Henry S. Wilson. Alexander Gilbert. Henry Clews. Frederick Taylor. Thomas C. Acton. John D. Slayback. F. T. Brown. Bray ton Ives. J. H. Rhoades. William P. Nash. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. C. E. Qnincy, Chairman. L. E. Harker. H. P. Frothing-ham. R. J. Kimball. R. King-, Jr. O. C. DeGrove. J. D. Smith. Archi1:)ald Turner. J- THE WHOLESALE DRY GOODS REPUBLICAN CLUB. An important auxiliary of the grand parade was the presence of the twenty- five thousand men of the Wholesale Dry Goods Republican Club led by their President, Hon. William L. Strong;. A brief history of this club may properly be ap])ended as a part of the general report of the grand parade. The club organized for the McKinley and Hobart Campaign of 1896 by the election of the following ofificers: President, HON. WILLL\M L. STRONG. First \^ice-President. W^M. B. FULLER. Treasurer, SETH M. MILLH^EN. Secretary, ANDREW JACOBS. 26 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Chas. H. Webb, Chairman, C. F. Homer, David McLeod, ' Leonard Paulson, Morris Mayer, Wm. Barbour, Seth M. Milliken. E. C. Hovey, M. F. Dakin, J. M. Wentz, J. C. Shenck, P. Bradlee Strong, Arthur T. Sulhvan, Alvah C. Hall, Grinnell Willis. COMMITTEE ON SPEAKERS AND LITERATURE. William B. Fuller, Chairman; John N. Beach, Augustus Libby, H. C. Robinson. COMMITTEE ON PARADE. Wm. E. Webb, Chairman; Col. C. B. Mitchell, Capt. David Valentine. The Club was fortunate in securing the commodious Jaffray building. No. j50 Broadway, corner Leonard Street, and held its grand opening meeting at noon on Tuesday, September 15, 1896, President Strong presiding. The room was beautifully decorated, and crowded with an enthusiastic audi- ence. Eloquent and patriotic addresses were made by Gtn. Horace Porter, Hon. Chauncey M. Depew and Hon. Lemuel E. Quigg. Forty-two meetings were held during the Campaign, and good speakers and music were provided for each meeting. First-\ ice-President Wm. B. Fuller, who had held the same office in three former presidential campaigns, presided when President Strong was unable to be present on account of his official duties, and introduced the speakers with his accustomed brevity and good taste. Among the more than one hundred speakers who addressed the Club during the Campaign may be mentioned the following: The venerable L. E. Chittenden, U, S. Treasurer under President Abraham Lincoln; Gov. Chas. Lippitt of Rhode Island; Hon. J. H. Walker, member of Congress from Massachusetts, and Chairman of the Committee on Banking and Currency; Hon. D, E. Woodmansee, President of the Republican National League; Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss; Hon. Frederick Taylor; Samuel J. Randall of Pennsylvania, son of the famous Democratic statesman; Gen. Stewart L. Woodford; Hon. L. L. Van. Allen; Mr. John N. Beach; Edward Lauterbach, Chairman of the New York Coimty Committee; Hon. Bellamy Storer; John S. Wise; Job E. Hedges; Congressman John Murray Mitchell of New^ York City; Senator George W. Brush; Hon. Jesse Johnson; Gen, Anson G. McCook; Hon. J. Franklin Fort; Hon. J. L. Barbour; Major Isaac E. Mack; Hon. Lee Fairchild of California; Abraham Gruber; John R. Van Wormer; Charles H. Litchman, President of Home Market Alliance of Massachusetts; Hon. J Proctor Clark; Capt. Patrick O'Farrell, Washington, D. C. ; Hon. Theodore THE GREAT SOUNJ) MONEY PARADE. 27 Roosevelt; Meyer Jonasson ; A. P. Haydcn; John W. Vrooman; J. Harson Rhoades; James R. Sheffield: and CongTessmen Sereno E. Payne. The work of the Club was not confined to mere partisan lines. The liberal spirit which characterized its labors may be seen in the following' extract from a circular sent out by the Club: ■■ The present political cam[)aign is, perhaps, the most important that has occurred in our country since 1861. Every merchant in the Wholesale Dry Goods District, and every employe, is personally interested in securing stable government, sound money, good wage? and better times. " The Wholesale Dry Goods Republican Club is endeavoring on this broad platform to bring about these results." While not abating one jot or tittle of its belief in the Republican principle of adequate protection to American industries and the American wage-earner, the Club was not unmindful of the importance to the country of a sound and stable currency, and hereby makes grateful acknowledgement to all those friends who, not having afifiliated with it in former presidential campaigns, rendered valuable assistance in this. ANDREW JACOBS. CENTRAL DIVISION WHOLESALE DRY GOODS McKINLEY AND HOBART ASSOCIATION. In the campaign of 1884 Col. Charles F. Homer called on President Strong of the Dry Goods Republican Club. " Our people are going to need some badges and canes," remarked Col. Homer. "How many do you want?" " Between five and ten thousand." The President looked worried. " We can't let you have them," he said. "■ Why not? " " Well, we can't afford it, that's why." " I haven't come down here to ask any favors for our people. We propose to march in this parade." " You want too many," said President Strong, reflectively. " Suppose we form another association and call ourselves the Central Di- vision, with Canal street the dividing line, — and pay our own bills," added Col. Homer. " That goes," replied the future Mayor. " I said I wanted five thousand canes and badges." " So vou did." THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. " Here's the money." The President looked reheved. '' And that goes also," he said. Which was the beginning of the Central Division of the Wholesale Dry Goods Association. Canal street has remained the boundary line through suc- ceeding campaigns. The organization has never been permanent, nor very formal. In the campaigns of '88 and '92 Col. Homer called together some of the prominent Republican merchants in the district at the rooms of the Silk Association, and an organization was effected for the requirements of those campaigns. In '96. however, it was evident that the conditions were quite dif- ferent, and that the partisan organization of former years should be widened to admit all loyal citizens. Accordingly a meeting of prominent representative merchants was held at the Merchants' Central Club about a month before the Parade, and an organization effected with these officers: President, ALBERT TILT, Treasurer, WM. C. KIMBALL. Marshal, GENERAL JOS. W. CONGDON. Vice Presidents, Walter Graef, Simon Goldenberg, C. J. Gillis, W. E. Hardt, W. G. Hitchcock, Charles F. Homer, Jacques Huber, Oscar Hoffstadt, C. Lambert, George Legg, Russell Murray, Fritz Muser, William T. Ryle, Briton Richardson, Wm. Schramm, Gerald N. Stanton, Wm. Strange, Alfred Schiffer, John N. Stearns, Geo. C. Andreae, R. Arai, Henry A. Abegg, H. B. Brundrett, M. M. B elding, Wm. C. Browning, F. W. Cheney, James Cromwell, John E. Cowdin, Henry W. Curtiss, H. A. Caesar, John F. Degener, F. L. Donimerich, H. T. Doherty, Silas Downing, W. T. Evans, A. Feldstein, Ewald Fleitmann, John Gibb, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 29 H. Sidenberg, H. A. Van Liew, H. H. Schwietering, B. VVendt. Many of these gentlemen were old time Democrats, but they buried all feeHngs of partisanship in sturdy patriotism. Three enthusiastic meetings were held, and the following circular was issued: Dear Sir: The merchants doing business above Canal Street have during the preced- ing Presidential Campaigns, evinced the strength of their convictions and their interest in the furtherance of Republican principles in a manner most creditable to the Republican Party by participating in the great parades, which have taken place just prior to election days. The same effort is to be made this year. The great Exchanges, Banks, In- surance Companies, and all branches of the other business and industrial in- terests of the city, are now at work perfecting their organizations and completing arrangements to do their part, and are expecting us to do our duty once more, and we must not fail. The issues at this time are of such grave and dangerous character, the honor and financial integrity of the Nation, and the every interest of each indi- vidual citizen being at stake, party lines are thrown down, and all citizens with- out regard to former affiliations, are invited to join in this protest against An- archy and National Dishonor. You are therefore earnestly invited to enroll your name as well as those as- sociated with you and take part in the great ]\IcKinley and Hobart parade which will take place on Saturday, Oct. 31st, 1896. ALBERT TILT, President. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Charles F. Homer, Chairman; Thomas Fergus, Briton Richardson, Russell Murray, George C. Andreae, Oscar Hoffstadt, Walter Kobbe. Headquarters were opened at No. 53 Greene street, and the work of or- ganization was systematically pushed by President l^ilt. Colonel Homer. General Congdon, and Messrs. G. C. Andreae, F. W. Cheney, W. G. Hitchcock, Jacques Huber, Oscar Hoffstadt, C. Lambert, \\'illiam Strange, Briton Richardson and Walter Kobbe. gentlemen who are mentioned because they represented all shades of political faith, but labored with equal zeal. On October 31st. when at length the Dry Goods Republican Club — an army in numbers — had passed, and the Central Division had followed up Broad- way, though smaller in numbers, it was found to be an army also, for like that of Xenophon of old, it numbered 10,000 men. 30 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. OFFICERS OF THE WOOL EXCHANGE. President, ALLAN MACNAUGHTAN. Vice President, CHARLES FLETCHER. Treasurer. CHARLES H. ROBERTS. Secretary, A. W. LIGHTBOURN. Manager, F. E. CAPRON. DIRECTORS OF THE WOOL EXCHANGE. VV. L. Strong, Charles Fletcher, Allan Macnaughtan, Titus Sheard, Albro J. Newton, James Macnaughtan, Charles H. Roberts, C. B. Mitchell, W. G. Conrad. THE MERCHANT TAILORS^ SOUND MONEY LEAGUE. The idea of a Sound Money organization amongst the Merchant Tailors of the City of New York originated with Mr. Emil Twyefifort, who after consulta- tion with a number of the prominent members of that industry issued the fol- lowing address: — " The present political situation presents the best possible appeal to all patriotic citizens for the obliteration of party lines in their support of the Sound Money policy and candidates. " When fundamental constitutional principles are assailed, it is essential that patriotism should prompt all liberty loving Citizens — irrespective of former political affiliation — to merge themselves into a solid phalanx for the upholding of the issues at stake. " The Merchant Tailors of this Metropolis, spurred on by current political events, hereby call upon all Citizens united by business afililiation to enroll in THE MERCHANT TAILORS SOUND MONEY LEAGUE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK." This circular appealed so convincingly to the good sense, as well as patriot- ism of the Merchant Tailors of this city that a large and enthusiastic meeting was subsequently held and the following prominent firms enrolled themselves as members: — Emil Twyefifort, John Patterson & Co., Mathew Rock, Berkley R. Menvin, Everall Bros., J. G. Siegling, Rupert A. Ryley, L. G. Ericson, J. L. McEwen, M. I. Fox, C. F. Nagel, A. F. Muller, L. S. Davidson, J. M. Sanford, Oscar Carlson, Chas. Schroeder, M. B. Guilford, A. Nelson, Parsons, Scarlett & Wallender, A. D. Porter's Sons, Honer & Uhlig, Flyatt & Darke, Tappan & THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 3I Pierson, Murray & Drury, Pettus & Curtis, C. H. Wetzel & Son, John Powell & Co., Haas Bros., Kuster & Overcnd, j. P. Wessman, Jules C. Weiss & Co., Karl Herkert, F. Kuoecliel, John J. Kennedy, F. Ernst, Conrad ^luller, E. N. Doll, E. N. Lagerroth, Marks Arnheim, J. Brugger, West & Co., Reid & Ros- sell, Rice & Duval, J. H. Miller, J. B. Saalman, J. D. Thees cV- vSon, E. W. Emery, Franeis Carlson, A. Raymond & Co., Hatfield & Sons, and others. An active, aggressive and thoroughly patriotic Association was promptly formed and the following well known and eminently respectable gentlemen were elected as officers: — President, EMIL TWYian-^cjRT. \'ice President, ANDREW PATTERSON. Secretary, BERKLEY R. ^lERWIN. , . Treasurer, ■ ' ■ MATHEW ROCK. They secured Headquarters at No. 241 Fifth Avenue, raised a large banner with appropriate ceremonies, held many meetings at which addresses were made by eloquent speakers, and nothing was left undone to educate the people and infuse into the pviblic the necessity for an intelligent decision. With such leaders the success of the association was assured from tlie begin- ning. That they performed their duties is shown by the voork accomplished. They succeeded in securing the aid and co-operation of very manv who, without such education as was instilled in them by the influences of this organization, would have yielded to the plausible arguments of the opposition. So well pleased were the political leaders with the work performed bv this organization, so well satisfied were they with its earnest efiforts in behalf of " Honest money." that when the arrangements were completed for the Business Men's Sound Aloney League Parade which occurred on October 31st, The Merchant Tailors Sound Money League was honored by being placed second in line — following immediately after the Dry Goods Men, who led the pro- cession. This was a distinction honestly earned, for without detracting from tlie excellent work performed by the various industries represented in the parade, it is not too nuich to say that none worked harder and none accomplished greater results than the Merchant Tailors. When it is remembered that at least two thousand men marched under the banners of the Merchant Tailors on that memorable occasion, it will be admitted that they worthily upheld the dig- nitv and importance of their craft and materially contributed to the success of the Republican cause. THOS. O. DENNY. 32 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. RAILWAY AND STEAMSHIP SOUND MONEY CLUB. President, TORN L. SNOW. Vice President, L. C. IVORY. Secretar}^ R. N. COLLYER. Treasvirer, CHAS. H. CHAMBERS. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Chas. E. Sayre, Chairman; G. L. Robinson, James Buckley, W. J. Bogert, O. H. Taylor, Edward Kendrick, C. L. Hackstafif, John L. Snow, Ex Officio. The Railway and Steamship Sound Money Club, officered as shown above, was the result of the desire upon the part of the railroad and steamship forces of New York City to show their hearty approval of the cause of Sound Money. Its membership was composed of all political parties, with the exception, of course, of that party representing the Silver cause. Many of the gentlemen who had heretofore been political foes were side by side in the one common desire to defeat the Silver heresy. Its first inception arose through the efiforts of its President, who got together a numerous following in the New York Cen- tral Road and its leased lines. The Broadway men later on considered the idea of taking part in the Great Parade on Oct. 31st, 1896, and just previous to the Broadway men's decision the C. R. R. of N. J. had also organized with the New York, Ontario & Western R. R. and the Trunk Line Association. It was deemed advisable that all these Divisions should organize under one head, and to this end representatives from what was known as the New York Central, the Ontario & Western and the Broadway Divisions assembled at the office of the Chicago & Northwestern R. R. on Oct. 7th, 1896. It was there decided that it would be advisable to combine, and a Conmhttee was appointed from each organization to draft plans for this consolidation. Edward Kendrick, C. H. Chambers, and John L. Snow represented the New York Central Division. E. D. Smith represented the Ontario & Western Division. W. J. Bogert, L. C. Ivory, R. N. Collyer, C. L. Van Wert, and Chas. E. Sayre represented the Broadway Division. These gentlemen met at tlie office of the Leliigh Valley R. R. at 235 Broadway on Oct. 8th, 1896, and at that meeting the articles of organization were completed, the officers elected and efiforts were immediately put forth to have the demonstration in every way a success. Tlie result of the combined efiforts of the Executive Committee and the officers of the organization from THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 33 its President down was thai on ilie day of the (Ireat Parade nearly 4,000 men were in line, suitably equipped with tiags and banners. There has been as yet no formal dissolving- of this organization, and they still stand for the cause of Sound Money and the i)rinciples that Sound Money represents. It was con- sidered advisable not to formally dissolve on account of the fact that it might be necessary for them to show their loyalty to the Sound Money cause at some future time. They are ready, therefore, with some changes to enter the field at any time such action may be deemed necessary. The willingness with which the necessary funds were subscribed, the hearty co-operation of practically all the men in ranks, with the officers of the organization, v.as especially gratifying, and the Railway and Steamship Sound Money Club made a most creditable appearance in the Great Parade. At the Sound Afoney Dinner, held at Del- monico's on Feb. 26th, 1897, the Railway and Steamship Sound Money Club was represented, its President and Chairman of the Executive Committee being among the number, thus showing that the active interest that was taken by this association in the Great Parade had in no wise lagged up to the time of this notable gathering at Delmonico's, wdiere among the other mementos at the Dinner there w^as at each plate a silken flag, which so fittingly represented the glory of the cause and of our beloved country. : : JOHN L. SNOW. THE McKINLEY AND HOBART CLUB OF THE PAPER AND ASSOCIATED TRADES. The McKinley and Hobart Club of the Paper and Associated Trades was formed for the purpose of taking part in the great parade in October, 1896. This organization was the successor of the club that had been formed of the Associated Trades during the campaigns of 1884, "88, and '92. The '84 parade during the Blaine campaign was a great success; also the one in the Plarrison campaign of '88. The parade in '92 did not take place, but the club was fully organized to take part in it, and money which had been already subscribed was returned. In the ]McKinley Sound-money parade, the Association turned out about 10,000 men, all of wdiom had flags, some eight or ten bands escorted the divi- sion. The total expenses of the club during the campaign, and especially for the parade, were about $5,000, w^hich v^-as contributed mostly by the paper trade. The following is a list of officers: President, GEORGE F. PERKINS. Secretary, COLIN KEITH UROUHART. Treasurer, FRANK SOUIER. 34 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Ethan Allen Doty, H. M. Bingham, D. S. Walton. John C. Rankin, Jr., Theodore Conrow, W. C. Horn, General A. G. McCook, Frederick Bertuch, W. B. Boorum, Henry Hall, J. T. Hinds. Carmine De Zego, Andrew H. Kellogg, Robert Hoe, R. R. Ridge, \\^illiani H. Van Allen. James H. Ferguson, Frederick Beck. Joseph E. Knapp. John W. Rhoades. Ralph Trautnian, James Kempster, VICE-PRESIDENTS. J. C. Kiggins, Bloomfield Brower, J. F. x\nderson, Jr., G. H. Buek, G. L. Jaeger, William H. Wiley, J. S. Ogilvie, W. J. Arkell, Colonel G. W. Thompson, George W. Millar, Henry Bainbridge, Robert Skinner, C. F. Hubbs, R. R. Cornell, S. S. May, Frank H. Morrill, Frederick H. Levey, Henry K. Dyer, H. C. Berlin, Richard Barnes, F. A. Flinn, T. L. Jones, The names of many of the firms that took part in the Demonstration will be found under the list of the military organization, but there were many others that put in an appearance on the day of the parade and were not in our regular organization list, and many, also, who arrived too late to march with us. FRANK SOUIER. COAL TRADE SOUND MONEY CLUB. President, W .ROCKHILL POTTS. V^ice President, E. J. BERWIND. Secretary, G. A. H OLDEN. Treasurer, J. B. DICKSON. Executive Committee, R. H. WILLLA^IS. Chairman. THK GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 35 WINE AND SPIRIT TRADERS' SOCIETY OF THE UNITED STATES. President., Col. J-RAXCIS J. CJ<11J.^■. Vice President and I'reasnrer, CHARLIES RKXALLU. Secretary. HEXRY E. GOURD. PRODUCE EXCHANGE McKINLEY AND HOBART SOUND MONEY LEAGUE. President, THOMAS A. McIXTYRE, \ ice Presidents, E. C. Rice, D. D. Allerton, Alfred Romer, E. D. Nenstadt. Elliot T. Bar- rows, H. B. ]vIoore. Jr., L. J. Busby, Chas. W. McCutchon, Herman Oelrichs, C. C. Burk. H. H. Rogers, Frank Cominsky. Chas. Rabadan, Eugene Jones, C. G. Moller. Jas. Doyle, W. ^^^ Merrell. Chas. Rohe. wSecretary, F. H. AXDREWS. Treasurer, VINCEXT LOZIER. ARCHITECTURAL DIVISION. The success of the Architectural Division and the hue disi)lay it made were certainly remarkable wlien it is considered that tlie 500 men enrolled were or- ganized in less than two weeks to parade on October 31st, under the banners of Sound Money. Only prompt and hearty co-operation and a pervading unity of sentiment in the profession could make such a gratifying result ])ossible. On the afternoon of October lyth, W. H. Hoffmann and C. X. Elliot, of the office of ]McKim, Mead & White, called together and met representatives of five prominent architects to perfect plans that had been hastily prepared by Mr. Elliot for the formation of an Architectural Division for the Sound Money Parade. Subsequent meetings were held with augmented delegations on October 22nd and 27th. Bruce Price was elected Marshal of the Division. C. X^. Elliot Secre-- tarv. and Huo-h ^lartin Treasurer. At the second meeting the success of the 36 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. organization was practically assured by the appointment of a committee com- posed of Bruce Price, President, ex-ofificio; C. N. Elliot, Secretary; Hugh Mar- tin, Treasurer; C. Grieshaber, C. H. Caldwell, and Edwin Tucker. These gen- tlemen were given full power to make all necessary arrangements, and provision was made for a white silk banner lettered in gold, a regimental flag of bunting, yellow chrysanthemums, and badges of yellow silk, with black lettering, for the ranks, the Marshal and his stafif to wear white silk badges lettered in gold. The silk banner is now in possession of the Marshal, to whom it was presented by the committee for the division after the parade. The final meeting had a large attendance. Details regarding assessments were perfected, and Rosati's Naval Reserve Band was engaged. At a committee meeting on October 30th, Mr. Price appointed from his staff Messrs. F. L. V. Hoppin and J. L. Schroeder to represent the division, as requested, in the escort of Mayor Strong. The high standing of Bruce Price in his profession, his masterly conduct of the brief campaign of organization and his inspiring leadership supplemented the laborious and untiring efforts of the committee so effectively that the Arch- itectural Division was an impressive and important part of that memorable autumnal march, demonstrating within its own ranks the adherence of the best elements of our great melropolitan community to the basic principles of sound money and national honor. CLIVE NEWCOME ELLIOT. COTTON EXCHANGE SOUND MONEY CLUB, President, M. B. FIELDING. First Vice President, JAMES O. BLOSS. Second Vice President, CHARLES W. IDE. Secretary, WILLIAM V. KING. Treasurer, H. H. MEYER. r THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 37 COFFEE EXCHANGE AND LOWER WALL STREET BUSINESS MEN'S McKINLEY AND HOBART SOUND MONEY CLUB. President, HENRY W. BANKS. Vice Presidents, GUSTAVE A. JAPIN, HENRY HENTZ, HERMAN SIELCKEN, J AS. N. JARME. Treasurer, L. W. AHNFORD. Secretary, A. WAKE]\LA.N. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Cornelius Morrison, Jas. C. Russell, Edwin J. Peck, J. H. Labaree, Geo. S. Dearborn, Alfred F. Gray, Wm. P. Roome, Cyrus K. Small, J. R. ]\Ierrihew, Geo. G. Nevers, W. H. Force, D. Henderson Wells, Jas. H. Taylor, Louis Seligsberg-, Jos. H. Lester, F. B. Arnold, H. W. Thompson, j\L ?L Lehman, Oiarles R. Flint, Geo. C. Chase, Geo. Drakely, H. Adams, Jr., Wm, Mohr, T. L. Vickers, W. J. Griffiths, ]as. H. Post. The Coffee Exchange and Lower Wall Street Business ]\Ien's McKinley and Hobart Sound Money Club was formed by the consolidation of the Coffee Exchange Club and The Lower Wall Street Business Men's Republican Asso- ciation, owing to the fact that many business men in that section were mem- bers of both clubs. The term Lower Wall Street applies to that part of the city in the vicinity of Wall Street from Pearl Street to East River, where are located the importing and wholesale houses connected with the Tea. Coffee, Sugar, Spice and kindred trades. This section has always been noted for the generous manner with which it has contributed on all occasions w^hen called ^8 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. upon bv the city. During the great western floods of 1883 Lower Wall Street sent thousands of dollars for the help of the sufferers. At the time of the cen- tennial celebration in commemoration of the inauguration of George Washing- ton as first President, a large triumphal arch was erected across Wall Street. The Republican Association bearing this name was organized in 1883. The same oflficers have been retained ever since. At the business men's parades this Association has always taken great pride in proper represent- t V K^ ation. All preparations being conducted on strictly business principles, headquarters have been established at 98 Wall Street, where a corps of clerks made regular enrollment of members, and all supplies are purchased by sample and contract. At the Sound Money parade this division made a very striking appearance. Their golden banner, designed by the secretary, is said to have been the finest ever manufactured. It now hangs in the directors' room of the Coffee Exchange, where it has been visited by hundreds from out of town. Another feature was the singing, bv the Banks' Glee Club of two hun- THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 39 dred nieinl)crs, of caini)ai^"n soni^s. ihv whole association joiniiii^' in the chorus. The first company, consisting" of those who were Sound AlcMiey democrats, car- ried letters of red. white and l)luc satin. s])ellino- the club's motto, " Country lie- fore Partv." The l)annerets carried 1)\ each member were of \ellow satin ancl g-old fringe, a fac simile of the large banner, b'.ach guide carried a silk Ameri- can flag. Every member wore a large yellow chrysanthemum pimied on the lapel of his coat, with a tlag-pin. As the division marched uj) iMfth Aveime, headed l)y the Twentv-third Regiment band of one hundred ])ieces, tiashing the sunlight from the gcilden banner, followed by a long array of fluttering yellow, it made an appearance not soon to be forgotten by those who saw it. ABRA^l WAKEMAN. CUSTOM HOUSE BROKERS' SOUND MONEY CLUB. After consi(leral)le preliminar\- discussion the Custom J louse IJrokers" Sound Money Club was organized aiuong the l^rokers whose duties with the (iovern- ment bring them in daily contact in the rotunda of that historic building now the Custom House, but wdiich was built and formerl\ occupied by the Mer- chants' Exchange (an organization now only known in memorx . but which was in its day the seat of the wise of this business centre.) It needed such a fitting birthplace for an organization whose sole object was the downfall of the financial heresy of 1896. At the first meeting called for formation less than a score attended, ])ut a permanent organization was effected and the foll(5^ving elected officers: President. CHARLES S. DEYOY. Vice President, J. J. ROONEY. Secretary, H. ROBINSON. Treasu.rer, GEORGE A. HENSHAW. ; . ,,; Marshal, A. J. ^fcCARTY. These with the followdng fifteen gentlemen were to constitute the Ex- ecutive Committee, in wdiom was vested the management of the chib: Otto 40 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Baesse, Sam'l Stewart, Chas. Keyes, Harry Reese, Wm. H. Stiner, Robt. Kirk, Jno. T. Rafferty, Irving Peet, Frank Campbell, Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, H. H. Young, D. W. Hainer, Ed. Ackerson, Theo. Aloore, Jos. B. Bartleman. It is needless to say that the work was practically left in the hands of the President, and to him is due the credit of the successful carrying forward of the object for which we were organized. He not only personally attended to the de- tails of equipment, but raised five-sixths of the funds, no easy task when it is considered that the import trade had suffered a great depression not only dur- ing the hard times of '94, '95, and '96, but also in the prosperous years of 1890 to 1893, because of the operation of the McKinley Bill and its prohibitive rates on so many articles. Ten days before the parade not enough money was in sight to pay any of the bills which would soon be coming in, and which had been con- tracted for on faith, but earnest efifort enabled the Association to clear its entire indebtedness before the parade began; the enrollment also was slow, and less than three hundred had registered up to the Friday before the parade: at 12 o'clock on Saturday morning of the parade the tide had risen to 852, and these were equipped and sent forth in marching order. This, however, was accom- plished only by the hardest work on the part of the President and a few of the oflficers, for they were compelled to give up the entire night of Friday and the morning of Saturday to scour the city for additional equipments, which had by that time become a scarcity. Each man was sent forth armed with a flag on the end of a cane, with a badge and a button of the Association and a yellow chrys- anthemum. Thus equipped the brokers presented a fine appearance, in company files of sixteen front where it was possible, but some of the more popular cap- tains had as many as 28 men in their commands. Of the 852 men in line, over 500 were Democrats, many the old war time Democrats who had never cast a ballot for a Republican President. Men who had watched the growing list of the victories of the Northern armies in the years 1861 -'65 as they were recorded on the marble slabs in the rotunda of the Custom House, one above the other, and had still remained true to the cause of Democracy, were marching under the INIcKinley and Sound Money Banner for the first time, to the overthrow of their former comrades. They could not follow a leader who was trailing their banner in the dust and waving in its place the symbol of the demagogue. Through past trials the party had been purified from within, but now its leaders had led it astray, and so it must be fought from with- out the battlements. They must join the foe and fight their own party, and fight they did, and the victory was won. It is safe to say that no other organization in line could show such a record and such a proportion of Democrats as did the Custom House brokers. A brief sketch of some of the ofificers will not be amiss. The President, Charles S. Devoy, is a young man of fine appearance and physique; one of the younger brokers and a great favorite with all, in fact the popular man of the Cus- THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADK. 4I torn House. Having grown from hoy to manhood ami from clerk to employer in the business, he knows all the wa}s and byways; he is by inlieritance a Re- publican. J. J- Rooney, the \'ice P'resident, is another of the younger element; a Tam- many Hall Democrat and one of the organizers and the Secretary of liourke Cockran's meeting in Madison Square Garden; he is an ardent admirer of the iVrmenians, and is often heard by the public on prominent cjuestions. The secretary, H. Robinson is well-known throughout the service. George A. Henshaw, Treasurer, is one of the old-time brokers, and notwithstanding his seventy years on the earth, walked with steady step throughout the line of march, bowing with Chestertieldian courtesy to all his many admirers among the fair sex. The fine military carriage of A. J. McCarty, the marshal, was doubtless due to his service in the 13th Regiment, of which he was long an efficient officer. He is credited with having furnished the association with a stock of humor, which will last until the next Presidential campaign. One very good joke is told of him, which if it had been carried to the end would have deprived the country of its present Ambassador to France. This was one of those little jokes by telephone, which everyone appreciates but the victim. The meeting of the association was being held, and the President was dilat- ing upon the duties of the hour when the doorkeeper announced that the Mar- shal was wanted at the telephone; in a few minutes he returned with flushed face. Mopping his brow from the heat of conflict, he interrupted the President to say: " General Porter has telephoned me that unless the association sends him $200 at once the association's place in line will be changed from the 12th to the 2Sth." The Marshal had declared to Gen. Porter (over the telephone) that he would not stand any such blackmail, and if we could not have our published place in line we would parade alone with a banner stating the facts, but that he would report the matter to the meeting and return with an answer inmiediately; of course the meeting endorsed the Marshal's action, and when he reported it, Gen. Porter declared that he wouldn't have such a Marshal and the association must get a new one; this was too much. The Marshal came back to the meeting and reported the phrase as he had heard it, and wanted forthwith to proceed to remove Gen. Porter from the land of the living; it took several days to convince him that it was only " one on him," but the association knew that the voice at the other end of the 'phone was the voice of a Custom House broker. There was not a brokerage office in the business but that contributed its quota of paraders, and ofttimes whole offices were to be found in the ranks. Nothing in the history of the Custom House had before so stirred its depths, and one and all rejoiced when on the 4th of March, 1897, the picture of McKinley was un- veiled in the rotunda and the audience sang *' God Bless our Native Land." H. ROBINSON. 42 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. LEAF TOBACCO SOUND MONEY CLUB. President, JOSEPH F. cull:vian. Vice President, EDWIN A. SCHROEDER. Treasurer, H. ROTHSCHILD. Secretary, A. BIJUR. LAWYERS^ SOUND MONEY CAMPAIGN CLUB. President, WHEELER H. PECKHAM. Treasurer, G. THORNTON WARREN. Secretary. CHARLES H. SHERRILL, JR. VICE-PRESIDENTS. Franklin Bartlett, Frederick H. Betts, John M. Bowers, William A. Butler, Charles C. Beaman, John L. Cadwalader, W. Bourke Cockran, William G. Choate, Frederick R. Coudert, William J. Curtis, Esek Cowen, Julien T. Davies, George C. DeWitt, Jr., William M. Evarts, Austin G. Fox, William C. Gulliver, William B. Hornblower, George Hoadley, Charles B. Hubbell, Henrv E. Howland, Myer S. Isaacs, William Jay, Daniel Lord, Lewis C. Ledyard, John J. McCook, Edward E. McCall, DeLancy Nicoll, John E. Parsons, George L. Rives, Daniel G. Rollins, Elihu Root, Edward M. Shepard, Francis L. Stetson, Francis M. Scott, B. Aymar Sands, Simon Sterne, Clarence A. Seward, Thomas Thacher, James M. Varnum, Edmund W etmore, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 43 EXECUTIVE CO.MMIT'TEE. Lewis L. Delafield, Chairman, B. Ayniar Sands, Herbert L. Salterlee, Charles H. Sherrill, Jr., |r., Janu's M. \arnuni, G. Thornton Warren, Georoe W. Wickershani. T. H. Baskerville, Hoffman Miller, Rufus W. Peckham, John B. Pine, Charles H. Rnssell, INSURANCE MEN'S SOUND MONEY CLUB. I'resident, GEORGE T. PATTERSON. Treasurer, VV. D. GLEASON. Secretary, A. M. THORBURX. VICE-PRESIDENTS. John A. McCall, kichard H. McCurdy, Henry B. Hyde, George F. Seward. A. Foster Higgins, W. H. H. Moore, Percy Chubb, W. F. Woods, James A. Silvey, Theodore H. Babcock, J. R. Flegeman, k. B. Stokes, George E. Ide, George P. Sheldon, Ernest L. Allen, George M. Coit, George P. Sheldon, James A. Silvey, W. C. Pate, Henry H. Hall, Edward A. Walton, West Pollock, Charles Sewell, E. R. Kennedy, .AL A. Stone, E. G. Snow, R. C. Rathbone, J. J. Courtney, M. S. Driggs. Edward Litchfield, S. P. i'.lagden, John \V. Murray, W. X. Randell, ' W. A. xAnderson, Georgfe Hovt, EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. John M. Whiton, E. P Holden. John W. Bartow. 44 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. COMiMITTEE ON FINANCE. E. E. Clapp, W. T. Woods, George T. Wilson, Theodore T. Babcock, George H. Smith, Edward Griffith. Henry H. Hall, COMMITTEE ON PARADE. E. P. Holden, John W. Bartow, F. E. Shipman, A. M. Thorburn. THE REAL ESTATE SOUND MONEY CLUB. The Real Estate Sound Money Club came into existence as the result of the patriotism of the rank and file of the Real Estate Fraternity. No class of men appreciated more fully the dangers which lurked in the political atmos- phere of 1896 than those who handled the millions invested in New York realtv. It needed no urging to get them together. When the first small coterie of real estate men sat down to formulate a plan of campaign a most hearty response came from real estate brokers and agents in all parts of the city. All cheerfully united in the effort to save the Nation from the threats of Communism, Alt- geldism, and Bryanism. The initial proceedings were started by such represen- tative men as George De Forest Barton, Horace S. Ely, Alfred E. Marling, Douglas Robinson, Richard V. Harnett, Henry C. Swords, and others, who organized under the title of The Real Estate Sound Money Club of New York. Horace S. Ely was chosen President, John F. Doyle Vice President, George De Forest Barton Secretary, and Henry C. Swords Treasurer. An Executive Committee and numerous Vice Presidents were also elected to carry on the work. John F. Doyle was made Chairman of the Executive Committee and George De Forest Barton Secretary, and the campaign was started. As usual in such cases the active work devolved upon the Chairman of the Executive Committee, and upon that tireless worker, George De Forest Barton, who acted as Secretary. Conferences were of daily occurrence to perfect the organization and make it a success. That it was a success was evidenced by the fact that in a short time upward of 1,500 real estate men, without regard to former political affiliations, were enrolled as members. An enthusiastic mass meeting was held at the Real Estate Exchange, and subsequently the club began preparation for the grand parade of October 31st. A'Ir. John F. Doyle was chosen Marshal to lead the Real Estate Division, George De Forest Barton, Horace S. Ely, and William E. Callender were chosen Assistant Marshals, Colonel John F. Doyle, Jr. , was chosen Chief of Aides ; William H. Folsom Adjutant, and Harry M. Nesbitt, James E. Schuvler, Sidnev T- Smith, and others aides, and recruit- I THE GREAT SOUND xMONEY PARADE. 45 ing went on iiiuil uinvard of 1,600 men had been enrolled, and all looked for- ward to "parade day" with the greatest enthusiasm. Prior to the parade the floor of the F.xchange was used as a drill room, and that able disciplinarian, Lieutenant JIarry J\I. Nesbitt, of B Company, 7th Regiment, put the men through a series of drills which, coupled with the fact that a majority of the Cap- tains were members of the National Guard, elicited many complimentary com- ments on the alignment and marching of the division as it passed up IJroadway, Fifth Avenue, and in front of the reviewing stand at Madison Square. The honorary staff of the Marshal, Mr. John F. Doyle, was composed, of the following gentlemen, who marched at the head of the column, viz: Samuel F. Jayne, Richard V. Harnett, Augustus H. Carpenter, Clement March, James L. Wells, Richard Deeves, Alfred E. Marling, Florace vS. Ely, Wm. McV. Hoffman, J. Edgar Leaycraft, and Allen L. Mordecai, and among those chosen as Captains to command companies were J. Hamilton Hunt, Wm. M. Ryan. Henry B. Ely, Wm. E. Darling, Remsen Darling, Frank R. Houghton, and Henry H. Elliott. Companies were formed of sixteen files front with right and left guides, and the division was formed into battalions of ten companies each under command of a Marshal's Aide. Altogether ten battalions were formed, with their respective Aides and Captains. No Autumn day dawned with clearer skies or more balmy air than Sat- urday, October 31st. It seemed as if the atmosphere had been speciallv cleared and tempered with Sunuuer warmth so that all might enjoy the scene that was to be presented when the mighty phalanx comprising- all the associated business clubs should start on the march up Broadway. The Real Estate Division formed in Liberty Street, with right resting on Broadway, and the left far down toward William Street. The order to march came prematttrely, some fifteen minutes ahead of the schedide time, but the men were alert and wheeled into line promptly at the word of connnand, and the march began. It was a triumphal march from start to finish, and will long be remembered by those who participated in it. It was conceded when the affair was over that the Real Estate men had made a most imposing display, and that their discipline, bearing, and marching placed them in the front rank of that great army of voters, which to the music of many bands marched on that memorable day as the advance guard of the victory which was so soon to follow in the election of jNIcKinley and Hobart. JOHN F. DOYLE, Marshal of Real Estate Division. 4b THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. THE NEW YORK PROTECTIVE MACHINERY, RAILWAY SUPPLY AND METAL ASSOCL\TION. President, CHARLES A. MOORE. \"ice President. MAX XATHAX. Treasurer, A. L. MERRIAM. Chairman, L. S. SILA'A. Secretary, C. L. WATERBURY. J- THE FURNACE, RANGE AND STOVE MANUFACTURERS' SOUND MONEY LEAGUE. One of the great events in the history of this country, one, indeed, which will afford future historians a fruitful topic, was the so-called " Sound Money Parade." The causes that produced it, together with the patriotism exhibited by Democrats in uniting with their political foes, for the good of the Republic, is one of the remarkable political events of our history. X^owhere were party lines more strictly drawn than in the ranks of the furnace, range, and stove trade. The firms engaged in this industry have always kept severely apart in both social and business matters. There are few in numbers, and competition and strong feelings are fierce. As for political differences they would not bear dis- cussion ; yet, with this state of affairs, and perhaps not the most friendly feelings, all differences were brushed aside and the whole trade without exception closed their warehouses and marched shoulder to shoulder as men and brothers in the most unic[ue political parade that Xew York ever witnessed. Xo doubt other trades had more or less of the same discordant elements in them, but none whose differences were more sharply defined than this trade presented. The furnace, range, and stove business in Xew York is mostly confined to houses on Water and Beekman Streets, and over seven million dollars capital was represented in that memorable parade by these gentlemen. Under the conditions above suggested the field did not seem promising, but through the energy and good nature of a self-appointed committee, the move- ment was organized, and met with the most cordial and liberal responses by all THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 47 the trade. This is but one of the many object lessons in the threat love of ccnni- try by all classes of people, and nothing can be more surely relied upon than the fact that the (Government is, and always will be kept on the right path, regard- less of all demagogues. In fact there is one organization that can be counted upon to do the right thing, and that is the furnace, range, and stove manufacturers of New York, and they feel that they arc not alone, but that "■ there are others" who will be with them. "JhLEMS." MEMBERS OF THE LEAGUE. ' A. r>. Johnson, . Kernan l''urnace Co., A. L. Canfield, Libert}- Stove Works, Abendroth Bros., JMarcy Stove Repair Co., Abram Cox Stove Co., , "SI. AI. Corwin, Barstow Stove Co., Peekskill Stove Works, Boynton Furnace Co., P. J. Cannon. Bramhall, Deane & Co., Raymond & Campbell Co., Cleveland Foundry Co., R. E. Dietz & Co., Danville Stove Co.. Richardson &- Boynton Co.. E. B. Colby & Co., • Richardson & Morgan Co., Ely & Ramsey. Simonds Inirnace Co., Est. A. Froelich, Southard. Rol)ertson & Co., Eugene Munsell & Co., Stove Mfrs. Repair Assn., E. A. Jackson & Bro., Thatcher Furnace Co.. Fuller & W'arren Co., Union Stove Works, Graff & Co., Uzal Cory & Co. Hart & Crouse Co., W. B. Wilkinson, Isaac A. Shepard & Co., Wilbur & Hastings, Howard Furnace Co., W. Jackson's Sons, fanes & Kirtland, ^\'m. Kerbv. PUBLISHERS^ AND ADVERTISERS' SOUND MONEY CLUB. The organization of the I\iblishers and Advertisers was cft'ecti'd at a well attended and enthusiastic meeting' of prominent men in those lines of business. held at Rooms 20 and 21 in the Times Building, October 14th, 1896. The call was sent out l)y F. AL Krugler, of J. Walter Thompson t*usiness Men's Republican and Sound JMoney Associations of the City of New York, having decided to parade on Saturday, October 31st, every branch of trade having signified their intention of taking part in the same, I ask as a personal favor, as well as your representative, that you gi\e me your cordial support in making a creditable showing of our trade. I desire that fully 1,000 men shall be in line, and y(Vii will greatly assist me by reporting as soon as possible whether you will parade with us and how many men in your employ or building will join our ranks, with a li.st of the names. Please send reply to me, or to the Commander of our di\-ision, Eugene II. Conklin, No. 34 Spruce street, at your earliest convenience. EI). R. LA DEW, President. 56 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. P. S. — No doubt this will be the largest parade that has ever taken place in the United States* estimated to be about 150,000 men in line, who will be under the leadership of General Horace Porter, Grand Marshal, and Mayor William L. Strong, President of the Republican and Sound Money Associations. Instead of turning out 1000 men as suggested, the marchers actually num- bered 2200. The marching was exceptionally good, and Messrs. Ladew and Conklin received many congratulations on their soldierly division. E. H. CONKLIN. THE SHOE TRADE REPUBLICAN AND SOUND MONEY CLUB. An informal meeting of a number of prominent men in the Boot and Shoe Trade was held early in the Fall of 1896, and Messrs. Henry Elliott, Charles E. Bigelow, Daniel P. Morse, and I. R. Fisher were appointed a Committee on Organization. The following officers were selected : President, 1' CHARLES E. BIGELOW. VICE-PRESIDENTS. J. Irving Benedict, Arthur I. Benedict, E. D. Burt, Charles A. Claflin, James Cousins, Jr., H. R. Curtis, George W. Davis, Henry Elliott, Charles E. Elliott, John F. Edwards, James B. Ford, T. E. Greacen, E. A. Goater, James Huggins, Joseph B. Huggins, J. K. Kreig, W. R. Green, John E. Jacobs, Augustus Kirkham, Daniel T. Merritt, William Neely, A. Richards, John C. Thompson, Aaron S. Thomas, Charles P. Turner, David B. Powell, Gideon N, Powell, Jesse St. John, Z. C. Waterbury, E. H. White, Vf. J. Young. Treasurer, IRVING R. FISHER. THE GREAT St)UND MONEY PARADE. .S7 Several meeting-s were held at the Boston Ruljber Shoe Company, 112 Duane Street, by the courtesy of H. S. Randall, Esq., the New York repre- sentative of the Company, as this formed a convenient and commodious meeting place. At a meeting held early in October, Daniel P. Morse was elected Marshal, and he appointed the following as his Aides : F. H. Lockwood, of Powell c\: Campbell ; N. C. Fisher, of Nathaniel Fisher & Co. ; E. W. Bigelow, of the Bay State Shoe and Leather Co.; James A. Bell, of Park, Bell (Sc Co. ; Thomas M. Brown, of the Manhattan Shoe Co. ; Clinton Elliott, of Wallace, Elliott & Co.; John H. Hanan, of Hanan cV vSon; and E. C. Thayer, of Clatlin, Thayer & Co. WEST SIDE MERCHANTS' SOUND MONEY CLUB. Charles F. Droste, John Thallon, John J. Walton, Edw. Limmer, Jas. Rowland, F. C. Barger, Geo. G. McAdam, L. A. Stout, W. L Young. N. Waterbury, W. H. Duckworth, John A. Willett, M. B. Miller, Thomas Wrig-ht, Chas. E. Doty, President, WILLIAM WILLS. Secretarv, WILLIAM JEFFREYS. Treasurer, CHARLES H. FANCHER. VICE-PRESIDENTS. Walter S. Fitch, W. H. B. Totten, M. Rittenhouse, . John K. Lasher, F. E. Rosebrock, H. T. Nichols, John S. Martin, Thomas K. Egbert, Wm. Bamber, Chas. Reed, A. G. Reed, W. B. A. Jurgens, A. L. Reynolds, Geo. H. Barre, E, E. Tucker. 58 THE GREAT SOUND iMONEY PARADE. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Jas. H. Snyder, A. D. Marks, C. F. Glimni, VV. H. Duckworth, W. G. DeLaMater. John A. Kunkel, Wm. Jeffreys, A. C. Rowland, Washington Winsoi D. W. Whitmore. J- SADDLE AND HARNESS SOUND MONEY CLUB. President, J. NEWTON VAN NESS. \'ice President, F. T. LUQUEER, Jr. Secretary and Treasurer, E. W. MOSEMAN. MILLINERY DIVISION. Early in September, '96, I called on several gentlemen who had been my co-workers in the parades of four and eight years ago and requested their as- sistance in organizing a Millinery division for the parade of the Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association. Meeting with a ready response from them, I sent notices to all of the millinery trade for a meeting to be held at 564 Broadway. A large number responded and an organization was formed with the following olftcers: President, JOHN L. BAKER. Vice President, WM. H. CARPENTER. Treasurer, S. C. HILL. Secretary, W.AL C. MORRIS. With an executive committee consisting of Charles A. Coates, F. D. Edsall, Charles W. Farmer, Jos. Simmons, A. F. Amman, J. H. Baker, Walter Park, Maurice Veit, and Abe S. Rascovar. THE CiREAT SOUNJ) MONEY PARADE. 59 EnrolliiK'iU blanks wcro furnished and circulalcd among- the trade, with the gratifying rcsuh that the chvision paraded over six thousand (Ooooj strong. The organization was divided into two (Hvisions, commanded respectively by Gen- erals W'm. il. Carpenter and W ni. 1'. Walton. The dili'erent battalions were officered by the following: Cols. Charles W. h'armer, l\ L). Edsall, Maurice Veit, J. H. Baker and Walter i'ark; William C. Morris, adjutant. The division assembled on Reade St., right resting on JjrtKid\va\-, and from the moment it tiled into line it attracted the attention of the throngs massed on the sidewalks and from e\ei"y other advantageous point of view. As soon as it entered the Millinery district, at Spring street and Broadway, it received a perfect ovation, wdiich continued until the reviewing and grand stands were passed. The men marched e.\cellentl_\ ; many were the encomiums on their soldierly bearing. No company was better than another, and all were doino- their best to merit the cheers they received. There was no distinction, the man earning $12 per week marching beside the man wIkj earned $100. it was a march for sound money, for country, for honesty, and the millinery trade need never be ashamed of their representation in the march for prosperitv for the masses. A meeting was held on November 7th at 564 Broadway, when it was decided to continue the organization, as by so doing it would bring it into closer rela- tions with the other organizations that took part in the parade and result in mutual benefit. The same officers were re-elected. JOHN L. BAKER. HARDWARE TRADE SOUND MONEY LEAGUE. Bresident, ALFRED D. CLINCH. Secretary and Treasurer, WTLLIAM IT D( )XALDSON. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Peter Mc Carter, George A. Graham, Robert Sickels, Edward H. Darville. 1 6o THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. CLOTHIERS' LEGION. President, MAX ERNST. Secretary, \VILLL\M LAUTERBACH. Treasurer, CLARENCE KENYON. HAT TRADE McKINLEY AND HOBART SOUND MONEY AND GOOD GOVERNMENT CLUB. The word Hatters in a political campaign means progressive Americanism, and is also synonymous with the word modesty, for who ever heard of a hatter either seeking or getting any fat political office? Though we are modest, we ex- pect that Heaven has set aside for us a pile of ore assaying about 150 per cent, to the ton as our just reward for active service and money freely given in Presi- dential campaigns. Let us see what the Hatters' Republican League has done. Twelve years ago some of us started the Blaine and Logman Hatters' League with headquarters in New York City, and branch organizations in twelve hatting States, all doing active work for the Republican ticket. In that campaign we showed our usual modesty by bringing up the rear of the Business jNIen's Pro- cession with 1,800 men. The boys remember that day as being a " very wet one," and that too in spite of the fact that neither of the Carolinas' Governors were in sight. Four years afterward the Hatters got together again for Harrison and J\Ior- ton, electing Richard S. Roberts President and Alexander Caldwell Chairman of the Executive Committee. A large double store was hired, in which we held daily noon-day prayer meetings, and from the open door the hymn of that cam- paign, " Grover in the cold, cold ground," was wafted to the Greene Street breeze. This song was dedicated by its author, Prof. Adams, to our club, it being recognized as the liveliest business club in the city. Only two Republican ban- ners hung across Broadway that year, one of which was the Hatters, and it was the last to be pulled down. No less than fourteen sub organizations in the Hat- ting districts were formed under our auspices. At the close of the campaign the accepted modesty of the Hatters was taken advantage of, and with 2,500 men they were again relegated to the rear of the Business INIen's Procession, but, see- THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 6l ing a gap in the lines, made by the raw recrnits of the Dry Goods C'hib, tlic Hatters filled the breach and marched up IJroadway in broad daylight. The campaign of 1896 brought to the Hatters' McKinley and liubarl League the proud distinction of organizing and carrying out to completion " Flag Day." and as this matter of the American Flag had nnich to do \vith molding sentiment for AJcKinley and Hobart in the last campaign, it might be well to set right for all time the true facts of tlie matter. On July 5 a meeting was held of all l)ranches of our trade, the writer pre- siding. After full discussion of ])lans for the campaign, the Chair stated that he had an idea which some might consider Utopian, and that was to swing a large American Flag with the names of McKinley and Hobart attached, across each block on Broadway from the Battery to Twenty-third street. There was no dissent to this proposition, and all those present entered heartily into the idea. The enthusiasm of the meeting was expressed in the appointment of a committee by the Chair with instructions from the Hatters ])resent that a Flag should be swung even if the way had to be bought to swing it. The committee as appointed was George J. P^erry, Emil Rinke, L. D. Gal- Hson, Lewis H. Rogers, Wm. Read, Wm. P. Montague, and Alexander Cald- well. How well this committee did its work is borne out by history. Within one week nine Flags had been hung, from Bleecker Street to Fourteenth Street, on each block. On each block was the cry, " a continuous stream of hdags," and only one solitary banner on all Broadway below our line. It remained for that lover of Old Glory, Wm. P. Montague, of our committee, to continue the stream up — and dam the Bryan banner at Twenty-third Street. He personally raised money, not only to swing out the Flags from Four- teenth Street to Twenty-third Street, Init had printed 5.000 cards calling the at- tention of all people to his end of the Hatters' Flag Raising. Can any one forget that Saturday " Fair as God's own day." when, to the tune of " The Star Spangled Banner," sung l)y ten thousan.d voices, led by the music of the bands, eight Old Glories floated across I'.roadway, joining the rest of the Hatters" Flags, so that now we had one continuous stream of seventeen Flags, not to speak of twenty others we raised on side streets. Thus, the Hatters, by the aid of the press, heralded over the Union that there was no enemy's country in this fair land of ours, for hdag Day had come. The sentiment that seventeen Flags in one long line created went down Broadway, and it became an easy matter to make that street the object lesson of the Union. The Utopian idea, by the Hatters' etl^'orts, had l^'come a reality of wonderful power. Some few weeks afterward the Hatters were disappointed at not obtaining the sublease of Old London Street, and so hired a double store on Waverley Place, where the usual noon-dav ]M)litical prayer meetings were held. 62 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. A committee then appointed the following officers: Chairman, WM. B. THOM. Vice Chairman, ALEXANDER CALDWELL. Treasurer, EMIL RINKE. Secretary, L. D. GALLISON. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Charles H. Tenney, Jerome Taylor, Arthur B. Waring, E. V. Connett, Jr., Wm. Read, Geo. J. Ferry, E. M. Knox,' Lewis H. Rogers, Edmund Tweedy, E. H. Shethar, Richard S. Roberts, James Marshall, Robert Dunlap, Wm. Carroll, Jas. L. Carr, C. A. Wharton, N. B. Day, N. S. W. Vanderhoef, Jr. Chas. H. Merritt, E. Maynard, J. A. Dermody, E. Denzer, Fred. Berg, Jr., S. Simonson, Chas. Biggs, W. T. Brigham, R. E. Bonar, E. J. Van Sickle, W. T. Alexander, W. P. Montague. No less than 24 clubs were started in the Hatting Districts from Baltimors. to Boston, all of which were active in this campaign. We covered 14 Hatting States, and sent out over 1,000,000 copies of campaign literature. Vice Presi- dent Hobart's address to the Hatters reached over half a million of our people, and yet, once more, the Hatters, 3,600 strong, marched up Broadway at the ex- treme end of the Business Men's Procession. Darkness of the night was around them as they swung past the Grand Stand to the tune of " The Star Spangled Banner," but there was no darkness where the Hatters stepped — for did not the millions of stars from " Old Glories " light their way and reveal clear as the noon-day sun that the Hatter's modesty in his conception and completion of " Flag Day " had perhaps saved the Union. ^ ALEXANDER CALDWELL. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 63 CLOAK AND SUIT AND KINDRED TRADES SOUND MONEY CLUB. Learning that no arrangements had l)een made lor the re])resentation ot the Cloak and Suit Trade in the Creat Sound Money demonstration to occur October 31, 1896. the pubhsher of the "Cloak and Suit Review" gained tlie consent of the following- named firms to allow the use of their names in a call for a meeting of the members of the trade to complete the necessarv arrange- ments for a creditable showing. Meyer Jonasson & Co., Benjamin tS: Kastary. Louis Graner vv Co.. I'.ln- menthal Bros. & Co., Bernard, Levy & Co., Riclunan, Selunidt \- Wolf, Indig, Berg & Co., S. Rothschild & Bros., Mark Aronson. Heller, 1 ) nkelsf)iel eK: Co., T.J. Johnston & Co., D. Black Cloak Co., and Wightman cK; Co. The meeting was held at 13 Astor Place, on Monday afternoon, October 26th, at wdiich time the following resolution was unanimously adojited: Whereas, All trades of prommenee in New York have arranged for a rep- resentation in the organization for the Sound Money demonstration on Satur- day, October 31st, 1896; therefore, h'c it Resolved, That the above-named trades be organized as a Cloak, .Suit, and Kindred Trades Sound Money Club. The Secretary was instructed to communicate with various firms for the purpose of securing their subscriptions toward the necessary expenses of organi- zation, and also to secure a list of the n.umber of men each house would furnish, together with the name of the Ca])ta;n of each company of sixteen. Great credit is due Capt. Abe H. Herts for the manner in which he cared for the interest of the Cloak Trade, particularly in the formation of the division, and the creditable way in which he led the organization in the great demonstration. All in all. the participation of the Cloak and Suit Division was a decided success. Tt was indicative of the patriotic feeling to be found in the trade when put to the test. ' G. HARRY .\BP.( )TT. OFFICERS OF THE CLOAK AND SUIT TRADE SOUND MONEY. President. MEYER JONASSON. Treasurer, MAURICE ROTHSCHILD. Secretary, G. HARRY Ar.r.OTT. 64 I'HE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Executive Committee, MEYER JOXASSON, MAURICE ROTHSCHILD, G. HARRY ABBOTT. Committee of Escort to the INIayor, FRANK ROTHSCHILD, JR., ALBERT BLUMENTHAL. RUBBER TRADE REPUBLICAN AND SOUND MONEY CLUB, In response to a call issued to the Rubber Trade a meeting was held at the office of the Goodyear Rubber Co., at 787 Broadway, in October, at which the Rubber Trade Republican and Sound Money Club was organized. Jos. L. Gillman was elected Marshal and Treasurer of the organization, with power to take such measures as he thought best to secure a creditable showing of the Rubber Trade in the approaching parade. He appointed Mr. N. Chapman of the Butler Hard Rubber Co., and Mr. J. Sweeney of the Peerless Rubber Co., his aides. Organization had been effected so late in the campaign that the Rubber Division was not as large as it would otherwise have been, for many in the trade had attached themselves to other divisions under the impression that there would not be any Rubber Division. Five hundred and fifty men paraded, however, in 28 companies, headed by a band and a seven foot negro dressed in gold, bearing an enormous golden banner (an enlarged edition of the badge worn by the individual paraders). Each man wore in addition to his badge a huge chrysanthemum and carried a cane with an American Flag. Before starting on the parade the Peerless Rubber Co. , which had been actively and generously interested in the formation of the division, tendered a dinner to the officers of the parade and the entire force of its own employes who took part in the event. This entertainment was of the usual Peerless quality. The liberality of the Peerless Company in guaranteeing and bearing a large share of the expenses of the division, ought also to be appreciatively- mentioned. J. L. GILLMAN. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. WEST SIDE RETAIL DEALERS' REPUBLICAN CLUB. President, WILLIAM A. MASS. First Vice President, M. HALLIDAY. Second Vice President, H. HUBBELL. Third Vice President, COL. WILLIAM JOHNSON. Secretary, JOSEPH E. MUHLING. Treasurer, HENRY HUBBELL. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. M. Hallida.v, Thos. Coughlin, Sr., Kirk McNair, Jos. E. ATuhling, Isaac H. r'nhcr, John Doran. Michael C. Pepe. 65 William A. Mass, PYank Rose, William Hinchman, Henry Hubbell, Col. Wm. Johnson, AVm. Bnching, Wm. J. Clendening, ITALIAN BUSINESS MEN'S LEAGUE. President, JAMES E. MARCH. First Vice President, D. ABBATE. Second \ ice President, J. FRAXCOLIXI. Tliird Vice I'resident, S. GUERERIO. Secretary, ROCCO LAMBFRTI. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE OF OCTOBER 3 J, 1896. Xever, since our forefathers, in the dawn of the Republic, seized a sheaf of the Morning's rays, and, joining them to a jeweled field of celestial blue, displayed them to the world for a token of their guiding principles, has there been such a civic demonstration in honor of the national flag and all '"^'- that it signifies as was given in the majestic celebration in New York City on Saturday, October 31, 1896. Never since those heaven - born symbols proclaimed that a new Nation had leaped into existence morally full-fledged from the Conscience of an honor-loving. God-fearing people, has that people appeared in the deliberate dignity of such a great, unimpassioned declaration for the maintenance of National Honor, the preservation of National Integrity, and obedience to the National Law. Never since red has stood for courage of conviction ; never since white has typified purity of pur- pose ; never since the azure of heaven has signified fidelity to truth ; never since God's eternal beacon-lights have guided the faithful pilgrim in the right course, has such a mass of humanity risen up with one accord, in one place, in peaceful protestation against the grave menaces which threatened their financial credit, their national unity, and their governmental system. MORAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PARADE. Two essential features which differentiated the great Sound Money Parade (so-called) of Oct. 31, 1896, from all other great popular demonstrations and which marked it as a conspicuous historical incident of the century were, first, its numerical magnitude ; and second a grand display of moral, not physical ing it to resort to military vocabu seem adequately to convey the idea of numbers. But that vast con- course of people was not an army in the literal sense of the word. The 110,000 men who marched through the streets of ^ the Metropolis on that mem- orable day wore no uniform to distinguish them from foes in battle. They carried no death-dealing weapons in their hands. The rumble of artillery and the clanking of sabre added no dreadful accompaniment to their rhythmic tread. The tragic suggestions and the spectacular elements of military pomp were entirely its purely moral significance. It was force. We are compelled in describ- lary only because such martial terms THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 67 lacking from the scene. This peaceful array, "knowing ' no enemy's country ' in this fair land of ours, " was for the time being simply a vast aggregation of impersonated Conscience, dressed in the every-day garb of the private citizen. COMPARISONS. For a greater pageant than this in numbers, the mind invcjUinlarily reverts to the final review of the Union Armies in Washington at the close of the Civil War, when some 250,000 veterans occupied two days in marching- past the White House previous to dispersing to their homes. But compared with other notable mihtary establishments, the magnitude of the Sound Money Parade becomes very apparent. The whole Continental Army at the time the American Flag was adopted — the Army which made the American I'lag possible — was only about 40,000 strong. Alexander the Great's famous Macedonian Phalanx con- tained less than 17,000 warriors. Wellington and Xapoleon each commanded only about two-thirds as many men at Waterloo as marched under the American colors in Xew York City ( )ct. 31, 1896. Xew York has seen many notable pageants in time of peace, but none on a scale equal to this. The Garfield and Arthur torchlight parade, reviewed by Gen. Grant, on the night of Oct. 11-12, 1880, contained over 60,000 men and was witnessed by a third of a million spectators. The column occupied nearly eight hours, between 8 P. 'SI. and 4 A. ]\I., in passing the reviewing stand in Madison Square. On X'ovember i, 1884, 30,000 partisans of Grover Cleveland marched before the Governor of X^ew York in ]\ladison Square, and were viewed by 50,000 persons in the Square, and thousands more along the line of march. This was followed at nightfall by 20,000 torch-bearers under the lead of the Tammany Society. In 1888, Cleveland's supporters mustered 60,000 men who, on the night of X'ov. 3. marched up Fifth Avenue and were reviewed by Gov. Hill from 8.45 P. !\1. until 12.30 A. ]\I. And again in 1892, on the afternoon of Xov. 5. 20,000 business men attested their loyalty to the same leader by inarching from Wall street to 34th street in the face of a nipping and an eager wind. Republicans recall vividly the discomforts of the great Blaine and Logan parade of October 29, 1884. The day began with dull skies and ended with a steady downpour of rain. Probably 40.000 men marched past Mr. Blaine that memorable afternoon, amid the greatest enthusiasm and the usual counter dem- onstrations which such occasions evoke. The Harrison and Morton parade of 1888 was the greatest political demon- stration in Xew York up to that date. For the first time thousands of small American flags were employed, with striking effect, and it is not improbable that the magnitude of the parade (the marchers were said to have numbered over 65,000), witnessed by half a million spectators, threw X'ew York into the Republican colunm. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE, 69 In 1892 tlie omission of the Republican parade was perhaps the worst mis- take in the campaign, though ostensibly because of the death of Mrs. Harrison. In the class of non-political parades, those accompanying the Washington centenary in 1889 ^"^ the Columbus quadri-centenary in 1892 were imposing, but still far smaller than the Sound Money Parade. On May 30, 1889, the day of the commemoration of Washington's inauguration as first President of the United States, President Harrison reviewed in Madison Square 46,250 militia representing tlie thirteen original states, and it was estimated that nearly a million spectators witnessed the holiday display. On the following day President Harrison reviewed the industrial and civic parade which com)>rised about 41,000 adults and children and required ten hours to pass. The Columbus celebration parades occurred Oct. 10, 11, and 12. 1892. On the first day there were 25,000 school children in line. The Catholic societies paraded on the second day, and there was a marine review in Hudson River within sight of a million spectators. A military and civic parade, with 51,000 men in line, occupied the afternoon of the last Columbus day in marching from the Battery to Forty-ninth Street. A night pageant Avitli floats followed the same route. THE GREATEST PAGEANT OF PEACE. But greater than these — greater than any other civil procession that ever trod the western continent — was that mobilized in New York City when the sun lifted its golden orl) al)ove the Atlantic waves on Oct. 31. 1896, and which was yet moving- with rhythmic step when it sank behind the Jersey hills. The estimate of General Porter placed the number of paraders at 135,000; while an actual count at a given point placed it at 103,000. As some organizations which assembled did not pass over the line of march, owing to the lateness of the hour, the actual number participating in the demonstration was probably between these extremes, and may be placed at 1 10,000 voters. An idea of the magnitude of this body of men can be obtained, not only by the comparisons made on preceding pages, but from the fact that there are but 25 cities in the whole United States which respectively count a greater population of men, women and children than there were men alone in this procession. Those who watched this memorable civilian army pass by saw more voters than there are males of voting age in any one of fourteen states or territories that might be named. Arizona, accord- ing to the last census, had but 23.696 males 21 years or over; Delaware, 47.559; District of Columbia, 64,505; Florida, 96,213; Idaho, 31,490; Montana, 65,415; Nevada, 20,951; New^ Mexico, 44,951; North Dakota, 55,959; Oklahoma, 19,161; Rhode Island, 100,017; South Dakota, 96,765; Utah, 54,471; and Wyoming, 27,044. The procession represented just about the equivalent of the total voting population of the vast state of Oregon, which in 1890 was 111,744. If they had stood up in a line, elbow to elbow, allowing 30 inches to a man, it would have 70 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. taken the first man thirteen hours, walking" four miles an hour, to have gone from the extreme right to the extreme left of the line. THE DAY NOT LONG ENOUGH— ILLUMINATIONS. As before said, the day was not long enough for the completion of the parade by natural light. The sun rose at 6.29 and set at 4.58 on that day. At the former hour the battalions were already assembling and making ready to proceed to their rendezvous. Three and a half hours later the head of the procession moved. At 4.58 many thousand paraders had not even started. There was no Joshua to command the sun to stand still on Gibeon, and there was no Gibeon for the sun to stand still upon if the Joshua had been present; and so as the sun went down, the parade was continued with artificial illunnnations. At 5 o'clock the Union League Club house sent forth a dazzling brilliance of electric colors, and half an hour later threw a powerful search light on the procession. Almost simultaneously other prominent edifices became radiant with beautifully arranged lights. Two attractive buildings down town were those of the Home Life In- surance Company and the Mutual Reserve Fimd Life Association. These im- mense structures were lighted from the street to the roof, and made an im- pressive sight as darkness settled over the city. The first illuminated sign to flash out its sound-money sentiment was a great square one at 127 Fifth Avenue, with only the words " Sound Money." It appeared just as the millinery trade men were passing, and their tired lungs were brought into reciuisition as lustily as in the first few blocks of the march up town. Thus by sunlight or electric light, the procession consumed seven hours and thirty-five minutes in passing a given point, and several organizations, growing tired of waiting for their turn to fall into line, broke ranks without joining the parade at all. CHARACTER OF THE PARADERS. Next to it's numbers, perhaps the most significant feature of the procession was the character of the men who composed it. Not only was there a marked absence of the juvenile element which so frequently insinuates itself into a po- litical procession of this sort to the advantage of its numbers, but to the dis- credit of its character, but the men who participated were of an unusually high average of standing in business, professional, political and social life. For the time being, all distinctions of age, rank and worldly station were lost sight of in generous emulation to manifest enthusiasm for the cause of National Honor. The millionaire, with horses and carriages at his command, trudged along on foot as willingly as the salaried clerk, and in many instances employers marched in the ranks while their employees commanded them. Men of mind and men of brawn met on a common platform of principles which appealed as strongly to an honest heart in the bosom of a mechanic as to an honest heart in the bosom THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 7 I of the director of enormous vested interests; for trutli is truth, and right is riglit, in all walks of life, regardless of circumstances. Wearers of the judicial ermine, makers of constitutional law, and others laureled with the honors of the legal profession who marched in these sturdy regiments, had no greater interest in the maintenance of the Country's statutes than the clerk who was still reading his Blackstone. The money kings of Wall street who ])araded had no higher estimate of financial credit than those of the younger contingent who stejjped along with them. And so one might continue comparisons with every division represented. Even political distinctions were obliterated and meaningless ])arty names sacrificed for the ])aramount principles represented by the candidacy of McKinley and Hobart. The demonstration would not have been what it was in numbers and significance if it had not been for tlie great number of demo- crats, old time democrats, too, who, seeing their party betrayed in the house of its friends, and its time-honored title divorced from its cherished traditions, fiocked to the banner under which democrats and republicans can always meet, the Flag of Our Country. The parade was a spontaneous outpouring of the Metropolis. It was the blood and fiesh. the life and strength, of the Greater City. It was the City. Unparalleled as a tribute to the candidates for whom they marched, it was a greater tribute to the marchers themselves. They pro- claimed to the country at large, as with the sound of a trumpet, the lofty stand- ard of business morals of this heart of the New World — a proclamation to have joined in which was a proud distinction for every one of those 110,000 men individually, and which will be an everlasting credit to the community as a whole. THE MARVELOUS DISPLAY OF NATIONAL COLORS. The common standard under which this vast army of peace marched, the American Flag-, was never displayed in such profusion as on this occasion. The natural sky was almost shut out l)y the artificial firmament of heaven-dyed bunt- ing which spanned the city, and which might be said, in Addison's words, to have " proclaimed their great original." Flags were everywhere. They hung from windows, in fluttering thousands. They rolled in great folds from roof and cor- nice. They swaved from long lines across street and avenue and billowed in clouds above the marching scpiadrons. And when ordinary points of vantage were wanting, they seemed to be pinned to the very dome of heaven itself, so beautiful was the effect produced by their suspension in mid-air from kite strings. It was a rare window in either the spacious houses of the rich or the contracted tenements of the poor that did not display red, white and Idue in some shape or other. From the historic Battery to the acropolis of Morningside, from Morn- ingside to Washington Heights, from the flowing tide on the east to the roll- ing Hudson on the west, the stars and stripes caught the brilliant rays of a blazinor autumn sun. Aristocratic West Side and humble East Side, Murray 72 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Hill and Cherry Hill, vied with each other in the lavishness of their display. Public buildings, chtirches, stores, school houses, charitable institutions, struct- ures of all kinds, finished and in process of erection, were radiant with endless devices of the national colors. Ordinarily, one can take a position on Broadway at City Hall, and obtain an unobstructed view of that great thoroughfare's first two and a half miles, from venerable Trinity's brown sandstone gothic spire below to Grace's more ornate white marble gothic steeple above, at the point where Broadway makes its first bend due north; but on this occasion that famous view was entirely cut off by the series of mammoth flags suspended across every block, and which, following the undulations of the street, intercepted the vision at the distance of a few fur- longs. General Porter had originally intended to have signal corps convey messages from point to point by wig-wagging from the roofs of the big Broadway buildings. When those detailed to this duty, however, had looked the ground over they report- ed that vision along Broadway was utterly impracticable, on account of the cloud of bunting that floated over that thoroughfare. To such an extent was the Metro- polis wrapped in national colors that ^ '" ii'l Wf .]iir^ WW0B^3. W^K prices were doubled under the in- H •' 1A^» ^J/7/j^ . ^KaifeSBtt '^ creased call for material until there ^■dp^2 ' ^ ^J^B ^^W^wk -ai^BBBBr ^^^^^ ^^ more in the market One of ^^^ ^[^""'''- I^B^BHlEB^V^ ^^^ oldest houses in the flag trade in the city reported that they were com- "oid Glories" in Broadway. pletely sold out. The fircworks Com- panies said that they had delivered 1^2,500 worth of flags in four days, and had none left in stock. Another company sold 1,000 flags larger than ten feet in five days, and one man who invested $1,000 in flags a week before the parade sold out in two days. According to the dealers, plentiful as flags were through- out the city for display, there were no American flags except small ones for sale for two days before the demonstration. SOME NOTABLE DECORATIONS. All the big buildings downtown showed the national colors, but those on the line of march were fairly clothed with them. They had bedecked themselves with red, white and blue in every imagmable form to catch the eye and arouse the enthusiasm of the passing host. The decorations began at the southern- THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 73 most point of the JslaiuK the site of the first settlement and aneient fort of New Amsterdam, and continued from tlie l^attery northward. Comino- to BowHng Green, (wliere in 1776 the patriots pulled down King George's leaden statue and melted it up into bullets,) the procession passed under the great banner of the New York Produce Exchange, carrying the device of " Law and Order," and noted a condensed but rich mass of bunting on the building itself. The Stevens House, just beyond, gave one of the fairest decorations in the city, long horizontal lines of red and white ])nnting, clusters of stars, and large por- traits of the candidates making the front of the hotel alive with color. The White Star Line had hung out a great red flag, with a large white star in the middle, and on another side of the building McKinley and Hobart stood out above a row of flags. Over the door of the Knickerbocker Trust Company's building, at No. 66 Broadway, four flags concealed the arched doorway with their graceful folds. Trinity Church with its few rods of imdecorated ground attracted atten- tion as a break in the progress of brilliant color. The ofiice buildings at Nos. 140 to 144 Broadway presented a notaljle sight. The front alcove the first floor was girdled the length of the building by a solid broad band of tastefully contrasted colors in red, white and blue, l^rom this cornice,*so to speak, depended broad bands of red and white, which coincided with and covered the supporting pillars of the second story. The front of the building of the Williamsburg City Fire Insurance Company was obscured with large flags, which depended from every window of every story. The American Surety Building also made a remarkable display along its tower-like front of 20 stories. A pair of diverging halyards descending from a pole on the top of the building stispended two graceful rows of flags, while many large flags were fastened to the face of the building. The Equitable building, from which for so many years the Government displayed its flags for fair weather and foul, was now resplendent with only the fair weather flags of coming triumph. A dozen banners hung in front of the Boreel building, five great flags hung in an even row just above the sidewalk from the Niagara building, especially neat and rich rows of bunting surrounded the Title Guarantee and Trust Company building, and the Travelers and Traders' Life Insurance building at Liberty Street on Broadway. Maiden Lane, with all its suggestions of precious things, gave one of the prettiest sights, being alive with flags stuck everywhere. Among them was the large banner of the Jewellers' Club, with " C)ur Country First," and num- berless flags of all sorts and sizes waving in a mass until the curve shut oR the street from the sight of Broadway. John Street was filled with a profusion of medium sized flags. The Western L'nion Building, on the one side, and No. 206 Broadway, on the other, vied with each other in their decorations. The latter building's surface was brilliant with flags arranged in fan shape under each window. At the corner and over Fulton Street hung a banner upon which was inscribed in gigantic letters: " Fulton Street Is For Gold." 74 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. The general post-office, besides the regulation flags displayed from the staffs on the domes, was decorated with four flags, displayed from the balcony fronting Postmaster Dayton's windows and one hung over the balcony of United States District-Attorney Macfarlane's office on the third floor. The story of this blazonry might be repeated indefinitely and it would include every building in New York's great thoroughfare. The dry goods district was particularly rich in flag display. As one proceeded further up town and into the shopping district, the effects were noted to be if anything more extravagant in detail. In Fifth Avenue the Brevoort House was prettily decorated and dis- played giant portraits of McKinley and Hobart over the main entrance. The big apartment house at the northeast corner of Fifth Avenue and Tenth Street was a delight to the eye, with its gorgeous panels of red, white and blue. The house of General Sickles was another bright spot at this point. Below the second story balcony, in which sat the veteran and his friends, depended a broad border of bunting in red and yellow; myriad flags were displayed from every window, and upon the Fifth Avenue side of the house was the legend, " Union Veterans' Patriotic League." Diana, looking down from her lofty pinnacle on Madison Square Garden, upon the scene of the official review, saw the Square resplendent with colors. The white marble facade of the Fifth Avenue Hotel, famous as a Republican headquarters, was draped with numerous flags festooned from v.'indow to window. The Hotel Bartholdi, the temporary headquarters of Bryan and Sewall, would have been more liberally decorated but for the coercion exercised upon those who desired to display their colors. All the other buildings around the park, however, were prodigally adorned. The Grand Stand itself was a memorable picture, glowing with color, in which red predominated, and marked in gigantic letters with one of the most striking legends displayed in the city: "We Know No 'Enemy's Country' In This Fair Land of Ours," a most effective reply to Candidate Bryan's hostile sectional designation of the East, and perhaps the most effective motto of the campaign. Looking down Fifth Avenue, after turning the curve, one could see an unbroken line of the largest banners falling over the street as far as Washing- ton Square. Above Twenty-third Street there was less profusion, but the display would have impressed anybody who had not seen the one down town. The Waldorf Hotel was gracefully adorned, especially over the entrance, wdiere a golden eagle faced the street tucked into the red, white and blue with small flags on the side. All along this part of the route there were scattered displays, but the brightest on the upper end was at the Union League Club, which had three narrow perpendicular lines of tri-colored bunting thickly set with electric light bulbs in red. white and blue. The pictures of the Republican nominees were also in these three colors of electric light. Diagonally across the street the Republican Club house was radiant with its party's chosen colors. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 75 In the millionaire section of r'ifth Avenue, from Forty-second Street to Central Park, thousands of Hags huni^" from the windows of the private residences and apartment houses. The scene on upper hifth Avenue was i)articularlv <^ay. Nine out of every ten of the houses of the avenue hetween Tw ent\-tliird and Six- ty-ninth Streets had a tlaj^- in evidence, and on some of them were half a dozen. The cluster of big" hotels around the Plaza bore a gala a]>p(arance never outdone on the great days of national celebration, and the residence of nearlv eveiy prominent citizen of the neighborhood exhil)ited in its decorations the sign of the sound-money cause. On Lexington and Madison Avenues the display was general. The biggest flag among the hundreds that tiew to the breeze on Fifty-seventh Street hung on Calvary Baptist Church, of which the Rev. Dr. Robert S. MacArthur is the pastor. There were also flags on all the buildings controlled by the Collegiate Reformed Church, and on the old First Presbyterian Church, the Brick Church, and on many other churches of different denominations. That the exhibition of flags was not simply for the benefit of the paraders was evident from the festal appearance of the Harlem district, many miles above the terminus of the route of march. Here patriotic enthusiasm glowed as warmly as further down town, and her streets, business houses and private dwell- ings were as radiant with national colors as those of her soutliern neighbors. One house which attracted notice was that at 2299 Seventh Avenue, an apartment house owned by William Wliitehead. Of the 33 families occupying it, 32 were for sound money, and they made it evident by completely obscuring the building with fluttering flags and graceful festoons of color. C)ne Hundred and Twenty- fifth street, from Third to Eighth Avenue, was kaleidoscopic with red, white and blue in every conceivable form, and if there were any Br\an and .Sewall banners afloat in that section, they were lost sight of in the billows of AIcKinley and Hobart colors that rolled over the town. Many more pages might be devoted to the description of this marvelous display of the National Flag, and yet it would but feebly convey the idea of the thrilling grandeur of the extraordinary scene presented by this vast, vibrating, auroral curtain that quivered over the city — this luminous cloud which, like that token of divine favor of old, hovered over a chosen people, their protection by day, their guidance by night. PERFECT WEATHER AND UNPRECEDENTED CROWDS. If Sisera. in ancient days, had to contend against the unequal odds presented by the " stars in their courses " joining his human enemies, the Sound Money army seemed on the contrary to enjoy the smile of heaven; for not only were the stars with them, but the great orb of day joined sympathetically in the effort to make the day a success. The weather was perfect. The sun beamed be- nignantlv from an almost cloudless skv, and moderate breezes filled out the THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. 77 bunting and displayed it to the best advantage. The favorable aspect of the elements served to draw out a crowd of spectators unprecedented in the history of the Metropolis, already accustomed to great aggregations of people. A steady influx from extra-urban sources had taken place for days in advance, but on the morning of the parade vast tidal waves of humanity surged into tlie city from every direction. Every railroad and ferry had all it could do to accommodate the enormous traf^c. All the trains on the New York Central and New Haven roads were janmied. Extra cars were attached to the Irains, and the previous night they ran special trains to take the people home. It was the same with the Pennsylvania, Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, Erie, Jersey Central and Long Island roads. All were taxed to their utmost capacity. And the Erie road had to run three specials — one from Susquehanna and two from Port Jei^vis. The Staten Island ferry appeared to depopulate Richmond County, and at the East River Bridge it looked as if Brooklyn were coming over en masse to create a Greater New York, charter or no charter. The urban population was early astir and pouring down town by elevated and surface roads. By lo o'clock- two solid walls of human beings lined the route of march, and every coign of vantage for observation was occupied. Windows were filled with faces; trucks at street corners were pyramids of humanity, and short-legged people supplied nature's deficiency with soap boxes and kegs, in order that they might obtain a view of the paraders. Thousands thronged the turning point at the Wash- ington Arch, and thousands more were congested in ^ladison Square in sight of the reviewing stand. A MILLION SPECTATORS. How many were there in this vast assembly? Never before had New York seen such a gathering, and most men familiar with the sight of large masses of people guessed wildly, and then confessed their inability to make a reasonable approximation. Most of the daily newspapers frankly declared it impossible to make a satisfactory estimate. One of them, however, made a remarkable calculation on this extremely interesting subject, and as the crowd was without precedent we quote its process of computation in order that the reader may see the basis for the statement that a million persons saw the parade. We are in- debted to the New Y'ork " Sun " for the following extract from its report of the morning after the parade : " From Chambers street to Waverley place along Broadway is 6,800 feet curbstone line, including the cross streets. The people standing shoulder to shoulder on one side of the street, if two feet are allowed each person, numbered 3,400 in the first tier. On the shady, or east, side, of Broadway the crowd was so thick that five solid, unbroken tiers could be counted, and behind that was a heaving mass reaching clear back to the walls of the buildings. AVith 3,400 to a tier, five tiers would mean 17,000 standing in a motionless mass. Broad- ^8 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. way's sidewalks are 17 feet wide. i\llowing 18 inches depth for a person, there was room for eleven tiers, so it is conservative to say that those behind the five tiers would have formed four more tiers, which would have raised the number of spectators bv 13,600. or to 30,600 on the east or shady side of Broadway at 11 o'clock on the sidewalk level. " But the spectators did not have shoulders two feet broad, nor did they average eighteen inches thick at the thickest part. Neither did they have that much room to stand in. The dense crowding reduced the shoulder room for each of the spectators to eighteen inches or less, and the depth of an average spectator was a foot. Twelve tiers of persons was as near the true number as could be arrived at. These tiers being 6,800 feet long, contained 4,533 persons each, or 54,396 persons on the east side of Broadway between Chambers street and Waverley place. " The west side of Broadway was less congested, because the sun, which brought the colors of the flags out so finely, warmed those under its rays to an uncomfortable degree and made their eyes weary. Still, there were three solid tiers and behind them was a moving crowd of people that crossed Broadway from time to time, so that they could walk with the parade rather than stand still. These three tiers were as closely formed as those on the east side of the street, and numbered about 13,600 persons. Behind them, but moving back and forth, were four more tiers, or 18,200 persons, making in all on the west side of Broad- way on the street level 32,000 spectators. " With 32,000 persons on one side of the street on the sidewalk and 54,396 on the opposite, there were about 86,400 persons on the street level of Broadway watching the paraders at 1 1 o'clock. " There were more onlookers in the windows. The windows average 200 to a block. There were twenty Broadway blocks. In some buildings there were not more than a dozen faces in sight. In others the faces were literally inmmierable. An average of three faces to the window is not too much; the chances are it is too conservative. But taking three as the average for the 4,000 windows, there were then 12,000 spectators in the windows along Broadway. In the windows and on the street, then, nearly 100,000 persons were watching the parade at 1 1 o'clock. " It is 1,100 feet from Broadway to Fifth Avenue along Waverley place. All told, those in the windows and on the doorsteps included, there were three tiers of persons on each side of that street, or 4,400 in all. " The line of march up Fifth Avenue was 9,300 feet long. Six tiers of spec- tators were on each side of the avenue on the sidewalk level, including the door- steps, in all about 74,400. No notice was taken of the sun along Fifth Avenue, the crowds being equally dense on either side of the street. " The windows of the houses were well crowded, and the stores, of which no account was taken in considering the sidewalk line, had from ten to seventy- THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 79 five persons each. These, witli those in the other windows, l)rin^ the average of spectators in each window np to fonr. The Hue of march on l'"ifth Avenne was thirty-five Ijlocks long-. The windows average 160 to the hlocl<, or 5,600 on the line of march. "That part of the j^arade, therefore, which marched along h'iflh Avenue about II o'clock passed before 22,400 spectators in llie windows, making- about 97,000 spectators along- b^iftli avi'ime at that time. " A fair estimate then is that 200,000 [lersons were watching the parade at II o'clock yesterday morning. Along- al)out i o'clock in the afternoon the ■ rowd had increased a great deal in spite of the steady outtlowings at everv block. Broadway from i o'clock until 6 was impassable. During these five hours fully 120,000 spectators stood on Broadway between Chambers street and Waverley place, and 12,000 others were in the windows. The noonday closing of the stores and factories turned thousands upon thousands into Fifth avenue, imtil there were at 4 o'clock 125,000 sidewalk spectators, not counting the 25,000 in the windows. " On Waverley place the crowd had doubled, and there were nearlv 8,000 spectators in that stretch. " So there were at one time looking at the procession along its route at least 300,000 persons. " How many times the individuals of the crowd gave way for others may only be guessed. Men used to large crowds said that the original 200,000 changed from three to seven times during the time of the procession. The lowest estimate, then, of the number of persons wdio saw the parade at one time or another was 600,000, and the greatest 1,500,000. Probably over 1.000,000 dif- ferent persons saw the parade in w'hole or in part." FORMATION AND START OF THE PROCESSION. The marshaling of the hosts and the formation of the great procession was as skillful a piece of generalship as is humanly possible. Every detail had been carefully thought of in advance, and every contingency provided against, even to the sanding of the pavement to prevent the stones being worn sn-iooth and becoming slipperv from the tramping of many feet. Signal stations, for visual or telephonic conmumication, were established at intervals along the route, by means of which instant communication could he had with any part of the line, and its movements accelerated, retarded, or otherwise directed at the will of the Grand ]\Iarshal. The streets tributary to the great trunk thoroughfare, from Worth street to the Battery, were made the rendezvous of the various divisions, and the hours of assembling of the different component parts of the procession were so regulated in relation to the estimated time for their movement, as to reduce the waiting time to a mininnun. In consequence of this shrewd calcula- tion, and the vast aggregate of men to cover the ground, the head of the pro- THE (;reat sound money parade. 8i cession reached the point of dismissal long before the assembling of many of the bodies that were subsequently to fall into line. The implicit obedience of the paraders, and the military experience of many of the subordinate commanders greatly assisted the Marshal and his staff in executing tlie manoeuvres with smoothness and celerity. The time-ball on the Western Ihiion signal staff does not fall with greater precision at meridian than that with wliich this new Grand Army of the Re- public began its memorable march at lo A. M. on Saturday, October 31st, 1896. Before that hour the staiT and the escort of the drand Marshal were all assem- bled and ready to start at Broadway and Worth street, and presented a lively scene while awaiting the signal to start. The long line of horses, niost of them dark in color, many of them praneing, made an animated picture. General Porter sat. watch in hand, awaiting the appointed hour. At pre- cisely 10 o'clock to the second he gave a wave of his baton, and, as with the wand of a great magician, summoned forth from the side streets a hundred thousand men to march for the Nation's Honor. A crash of music, a clatter of horses' hoofs, a crescendo of cheers and huzzas, and the great, historic parade was set in motion. As the head of the column proceeded, and the various organizations poured into the main thoroughfare, Broadway became a Missis- sippi of humanity draining the adjacent watershed. With the regularity and system of a finely adjusted piece of machinery, each division fell into its allotted place in the column and took up the line of march. As the column moved from the Battery, through Broadway, Waverley Place, Washington Square, and Fifth Avenue to 40th Street, the point of dispersion, it passed between vast throngs which filled every sidewalk from curb to building, and crowded every other available view point in sight of the line of march. These solid walls of humanity might well have suggested to the minds of some the famous remark of the Iving of Sparta which was the classic origin of a colloquial- ism of to-day. An ambassador from Epirus to the King of Sparta, observing no walls for the defense of the Capital, asked the King why he had no such protec- tion. For a reply the King took his guest to the plain where his army was assem- bled, and, pointing toward it, proudly exclaimed: " Tliere beholdest thou the walls of Sparta, and every man a brick ! " A'erily, these masses of spectators, waving the national colors, cheering lust- ily, sharing in the thrilling enthusiasm that ran through the veins of every one, and manifesting in the most demonstrative manner their sympathy, were as much a part of the bulwarks of the Metropolis as the army of men who moved before tliem. THE REVIEWING STAND. The two points at which the paraders endeavored to make their best ap- pearance, although it can hardly be said that their esprit de corps relaxed else- 82 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. where, were at the official reviewing stand in Madison Square and at Fortieth street where they passed under the eye of the Grand Marshal. Four hundred policemen were assigned to Madison Square to keep the multitude there within bounds. A cordon was thrown across Fifth avenue at the north side of Twenty- third street, constituting a " trocha," beyond which nO' person was permitted in the roadway. But the sidewalks were thronged to the curb, and by lo o'clock all the available space about the stands was occupied. At ten o'clock Inspector Murray, who had charge of the police, had his men posted at all points and began to clear the streets. The crowd was in a good humor, and no rough handling was necessary. There were four stands in the square. First was the reviewing stand on the east side of Fifth avenue, nearly opposite the Fifth Avenue Hotel. Above this, on a long banner stretched across the rafters, was the motto: " We Know- No ' Enemy's Country ' in This Fair Land of Ours." Festoons of the Stars and Stripes decorated the front and rear of the stand. Then came a large grand stand, and across the street from that a continuation grand stand and press stand. In front of the old Brunswick Hotel was a stand filled with politicians. At 10:15 o'clock the reception committee, headed by Chairman Chas. H. Webb, arrived at the Fifth Avenue Hotel to receive the reviewing officers and escort them to the stand. In the next fifteen minutes Gov. Morton, Garret A. Hobart, Timothy L. WoodrufT, J. P. Waring, Oscar Straus, A. D. Juilliard, Thomas H. Wood, Henry Abegg, and others arrived. At 10:40 o'clock the guests went to the reviewing stand. Garret A. Hobart and Gov. Morton first. followed by the others named. They were cheered as they crossed Broadway, and when they reached the stand, the thousands there arose, waved flags and indulged in long-continiied cheering. The national managers, Joseph H. Man- ley, Gen. W. M. Osborne, N. B. Scott, and Gen. Powell Clayton, were on the reviewing stand early, where they were joined by the chairmen of the Republican state and county committees and other prominent politicians. There was another figure — a silent figure, sitting in a chair of bronze in tiiat square, imder whose eyes the paraders passed just before reaching the reviewing stand. If the spirit of the immortal Seward could have looked out from that effigy, with what pride must he have contemplated this stream of his fellow-coun- trymen, drawn from all walks of life, and from divers political parties, united in a common cause. And how many a Democrat, looking from the ranks up into the face of that sturdy adversary of a bygone political era, realized on that day the truth of Seward's declaration nearly forty years ago, that " the Demo- cratic party derived its strength, originally, from its adoption of the principles of exact and equal justice to all men, and so long as it practiced this principle faithfully it was invulnerable. It became vulnerable when it renounced that principle." THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 83 Although it was the last day before the month of November, the sun was so ardent and the heat so intense, especially on the west stand, that by lo o'clock everybody who had an umbrella raised it. When the sun sank below the cornices of the Fifth Avenue Hotel Governor Morton's head had been burned into a terra cotta hue by its constant exposure, and the other reviewers gave similar testimony to the remarkable autumnal weather. As soon as the shadows of the buildings on the western side of the street fell upon the stand, Governor Mor- ton, Mr. Hobart, Mr. Woodniff and Mayor Strong, who had been obliged to doff their hats continually during the review, welcomed the relief by taking off their hats and keeping them off. Then it was discovered why some of them had been so sparing of their bows during the foregoing two hours, for a big deep red patch showed on the rather high forehead of each one of the gentlemen. ARRIVAL OF THE PROCESSION. Those of the 2.800 ticket holders who were entitled to seats in Madison Square, and who, counting on the proverbial delays of great processions, had allowed for similar procrastination on this occasion, reckoned without their host, and did not see the head of the column as it passed in review at 10:55. The column was led by Sergeant Gannon's handsomely mounted squad of policemen — picked and soldierly looking men, of fine physique, who rode so perfectly and seemed so completely at home on the backs of their horses that they might have been a group of centaurs stepping out of a classic frieze. Deputy Chief of Police Cortright on a fine chestnut gelding, wearing his new badge for the first time in public, rode along with the elastic ease of a veteran, his restless eye on the alert for any emergeny which might arise. A short distance behind came Sousa's noted military band, led by Drum Major Mode, and making the air vibrant with the thrilling measures of the National Anthem. GENERAL PORTER AND STAFF. Next came the commanding figure of the hero of the day, the directing genius whose mind guided the movements of the great army that followed — the Grand Marshal, General Horace Porter. Laced and sashed, and bearing, not the trusty blade that companioned him in the bloody days of '6i-'65, but the beribboned baton of civil command, he bestrode a beautiful curvetting bay steed with the grace of a mediaeval knight. What more appropriate selection for commander of this Honest Money army could have been made than of the man who not only possessed in his own person all the distinguished qualifica- tions essential for the honorable and responsible position, but who, more than any man not of kin, represented his former chieftain, the great departed general and statesman, who declared in an inaugural address : 84 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. " To protect the National honor, every dollar of Government indebtedness should be paid in gold, unless otherwise expressly stipulated in the contract. Let it be understood that no repudiator of one farthing of our public debt will be trusted in a public place, and this will go far toward strengthening a credit which ought to be the best in the world, and will ultimately enable us to re- place our debt with bonds bearing less interest than we now pay." As General Porter saluted the reviewing party, the thousands occupying the stands cheered him enthusiastically. Behind him rode his Chief of Staff, A. Noel Blakeman, and his Chief of Aides, L. Curtis Brackett, wearing broad white sashes over frock coats, and forty-five mounted aides, wearing broad sashes of National colors over similar conventional attire. They were followed by as splendidly mounted a body of men as has ever paraded in New York, the Horsemen's Sound Money Club. They rode their horses like experienced cavalrymen, and in their close-fitting dark riding coats, each brightened by a rosette of red, white, and blue, they made a memorable appearance, THE MAYOR AND ESCORT. After them came Mayor Strong and ex Mayor Abram S. Hewitt in the only carriage in the procession, the latter wearing a big yellow chrysanthemum. These gentlemen left the column at this point and took seats on the official stand. The Mayor had a special escort consisting of fifty prominent representives of the different divisions, under command of C. F. Homer, First Vice President of the Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association ; Frank Brain- ard. Second Vice President ; and E. A. Drake, Secretary and Treasurer. THE GREAT COLUMN ITSELF. Now came the great column itself, marching sixteen men abreast, forming a solid mass of men stretching as far down Fifth Avenue as those on the stands could see. As the procession approached, flanked on either side by the profusely decoroted buildings and the cheering spectators, waving flags, it offered as inspir- ing a sight as one may see in a lifetime. The column marched straight up the centre of the avenue to Twenty-third Street, veered gracefully to the right, described a symmetrical curve around the section where Broadway crosses Fifth Avenue, and passed directly under the reviewing stand. Then another curve to the left was made, which threw the column over on the west side of the street. Notwithstanding the disadvantage under which certain sections of the column marched, on account of their distance from the nearest band of music, the march- ing of the whole body was remarkably fine, in rhythm, alignment, and carriage. Although there was not a military uniform in the line, many of the paraders had at home the faded garments worn in '6i-'65. or the newer regimentals of the state militia, which could have told the story of their owners' military bearing in THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE, 85 citizens' clothes. But a remarkable thins;- about the procession was that this stalwart bearing was not confined to those who had received training in the armory and on the field. Something, either born in them, or connnunicated by their surroundings, or derived from the inspiration of the occasion, caused every one of them to square his shoulders, throw out his chest, and assume the noble bearing and dignified air of one who felt that he had something to be proud of. In addition to the impartial applause which was volleved ui)on the paraders, from right and left and overhead, all along the line, the various sub-divisions received evidences of marked partiality in passing through those sections of the city devoted particularly to the profession or industry which they represented. First and foremost, came the Wholesale Dry Goods Division — surely first by right of numbers, even if the other claims of its enthusiastic members were not conceded. It was a city in itself, with its twenty-five thousand men, representing millions of dollars of invested capital and hundreds of millions of annual business. The first file alone, in which marched such men as Stewart W. Eames of Claflin & Co., Alfred Ray of the Lawrence Mills, R. C. Perkins and members of the great houses of Tef¥t, Weller & Co. and Dunham, Bulkley & Co., represented ^150,000,000 worth of business annually. Such men represent far more than the millions of business transacted by their great houses. Thev and the thousands of other prosperous merchants in the big dry goods division may be counted upon for whole-souled support in every civic enterprise requiring energy and public spirit. Not only in the campaign culminating in the Great Parade, but in many that preceded it, the banner of the Dry Goods Republican Club has been among the first flung to the breeze, and in season and out of season its members have advocated Republican principles. The second division in line was the Central Dry Goods Division, represent- nig the wholesale dry-goods interests lying above Canal street. They turned out a fine body of about lo.ooo men, and were followed by the representatives of the Wool Exchange. The Merchant Tailors, who came next, were an excellent illustration of vShakespeare's dines '* The glass of fashion and the mould of form, The oljserved of all obser\'ers." Marshal TwyefTort and stafT were perfectly attired in frock suits, silk hats and light tan gloves, sashed with blue, and carried canes; and the 2,500 tailors who followed them looked as spick and span as if they had jumped out of 2,500 bandboxes. Their own appearance so well reflected their skill in their craft, that one might readilv have believed them capable, to quote Schiller's words, of even " Clothing the palpable and familiar With golden exhalations of the dawn." PRODUCE EXCHANGE DIVISION PASSING UP BROADWAY AT ST. PAUL S CHURCH. ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS DIVISION BEFORE THE START. THE (IREAT SOUNJ) MONEY PARADE. 87 They executed several clever nioveiiients and salutations in passins;- the stand. The Photographers' Sup])ly Trade had over 300 representatives by actual count, one hundred per cent, more than the (jrand .Marshal's estimate. Xobody knows better than a photographer the beautiful effects ])r(iduced by (iold in a toning- l)ath, and these men marched as if tliey believed tlial the National Credit should l)e (lold-toned before ])utting in the fixing bath. The Railway and Steamshii) representatives went by with the directness and precision of men accustomed to keep the rails, ddiere was no racing to see which company would get into port or reach the terminus first, but al marched with as much deliberation as if the idea of beating another line had never entered their innocent minds. They did let off more or less steam, though, by blowing on kazoos, shouting and singing, and attracted their fair share of attention. The Paper and Associated Trades had their Uncle Samuel right with them, not only figuratively in their hearts, but physically in their ranks, A man dressed in the traditional garments of brother Jonathan and carrying a large American flag evoked cheers all along the line. The Coal Trade division, with its platoon of sturdy miners, (whose insignia are more fully described elsewhere) drew forth a constant succession of plaudits from the populace, and even flowers from enthusiastic ladies. Next came the Wine and Spirits trade, whose steadiness of gait and excel- lence of alignment suggested the most moderate interpretation of vSt. Paul's advice to Timothy, to " Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thv stomach's sake." The Produce Exchange, which came next, was blessed with five bands of music. Tliey were noted as a handsome body of men who did some fine marching. The Architects and Engineers were next in order, and after them came a fine body of some 3,500 men representing the Cotton Exchange. Their insignia, elsewdiere described, w-as a pretty feature of their division. Nearly double the Cotton Exchange in numbers, came the CofTee Exchange and Lower Wall Street Business Men's Sound Money Club. Their band was supplemented by a glee club, wdiich led the brokers in manv a patriotic song. Their singing of " The Star Spangled Banner " l)efore the reviewing stand aroused enthusiastic demonstrations among the spectators, and as thev passed on singing " Rally 'Round the Flag, Boys," Gov. Morton, Mr. Hobart and others waved their hats sympathetically. The students from the College of the City of New York and Columbia University, with their irrepressible spirits and remarkable costumes, attracted a great deal of attention, especially from the fair sex. The young men were decked out with flags, college colors, skelcton-boutonnieres. and other freaks of ingenuity. Some of their banners were as beautiful as any in the procession. 88 THE GREAT SbUND MONEY PARADE. Several lines wore tall hats with letters spelling out " McKinley and Hobart," " Columbia Law School," " Honest Money for Us," " Down with Populism," " Honor Before Party," etc. If Sir Walter Raleigh's spirit could have seen the representatives of the Leaf Tobacco Trade, he would have been prouder than ever of his having intro- duced the divine weed to civilization. The Customs House Brokers, who came next, diverted the spectators with their clever manoeuvres and received a large share of popular applause. Following them came the Bankers, Brokers and Stock Exchange division, which, for various reasons, was one of the most notable in the whole procession. It contained some of the shrewdest business heads in the great Metropolis, and represented millions of dollars. They were a handsome body of men, with keen, intelligent faces, and lithe and active bodies, dressed in ordinary street attire. Most of those in the first division wore frock coats, silk hats and tan gloves. Others wore sack coats and derby or alpine hats. Flags, ribbons, chunks of gold and other ingenious devices gave variety to the different companies. To a great majority of the vast multitude of spectators, this division was a revelation. The soul and body of Wall Street — much-anathematized Wall Street — was pass- ing before them, manifesting as demonstratively as the poorest man in the pro- cession their loyalty to the Flag and their devotion to honest money, honest government and honest treatment of their fellow-citizens. The passage of no division of the whole procession illustrated as forcibly as this the entire sympathy of the mass of spectators with the demonstration of the day. If any section of the procession was liable to evoke expressions of unfriendly sentiment, it was the division representing the financial interests, agamst which the most violent de- nunciations had been hurled during the campaign. But the tongue of criticism was silent here as elsewhere. If any came out that day to scoff, they staid to praise or else kept still; for from beginning to end, w'ith the exception of some ^ood-natured banter, there w^as a total absence of unfriendly sentiment on the part of the spectators. Political enthusiasm runs high at the close of a Presiden- tial campaign, and counter demonstrations are to be expected, but not the least remarkable feature of this event was the seemingly unanimous sentiment of the public. The Lawyers' division, led by Gen. James M. Varnum, was also a remark- able one. It included the most distinguished representatives of that great pro- fession, makers of constitutional law, judges of the highest tribunals of the State, and the most brilliant practitioners at the bar. It is difficult to recall an occasion when so many famous legal men have been seen walking side by side in public, and the spectators were quick to recognize such men as Elihu Root, Joseph H. Choate, Wlieeler H. Peckham, Commissioner Andrews, James D. Blanchard, District Attorney Olcott, John Sabine Smith, Hoffman Miller, William B. Horn- blower, Frank H. Piatt, Henry E. Howland, A. I. Elkins, John Murray Mitchell, THK GREAT SOUND MONKY PARADK. 89 Judge Ernest Hall, Judge Horace Russell, Henry S. \'an Duzer, Stephen H. Olin, Charles E. Lydecker, George W. \'an Slyck and others. These and many others were the objects of conspicuous demonstrations of popularity. After the Lawyers came the Insurance, the Real Estate and the Eurnace, Range and Iron-workers' divisions. Certain features of their insignia are de- scribed elsewhere. These divisions did some fine marching and gave evidence of careful training. The Jewelers' division presented a veritable '" held of the cloth of gold.'' The prospect presented by their approach was that of a shinnnering river of the jirecious metal, so completely did the golden color predominate. The size of this division was an interesting, and to many a surprising, index of the magni- tude of the jewelry trade in New York City, and the extent to which St. Paul's advice to women in I. Timothy, ii., 9, is disregarded in this generation. Vanity of vanities, saith the preacher. The civilized barbarian still wants his gewgaws, and here were 6,000 or more men capable of supplying them in the most artistic anc^ beautiful forms. The mystery and romance which, in the minds of a large portion of the pub- lic, are associated with the production of books, magazines and newspapers in- vested with peculiar interest the Publishers' and Advertisers' division. Among these disciples of Guttenberg and I'Yanklin were seen the representatives of the greatest thinkers of the day, molders of the public mind, defenders of the Na- tional honor, champions of honest convictions, and mouth-pieces of unfet- tered Conscience. The wealth of several other divisions exceeded that of this, but no other division represented so purely as did this, the moral forces of the community. Here were the exponents of the most cherished rights of the peo- ple, those for which countless lives have been sacrificed and rivers of blood shed — freedom of conscience, of speech and of press. Here were the shield and helm and lance of Civilization itself — the champions of orderly government within the Law, the enemies of Vice and Anarchy in high life or low. and the protectors of the oppressed against unjust encroachments from whatever source. Here were the makers of other men's fortunes. Here w-ere the purveyors of intellectual en- joyment and the ministering spirits of man's most exalted faculties. Spectators who peered curiously into the faces of these men recognized many whose tri- umphs of the pen outshone victories of the sword, and saw more whose names are not known to fame, but who, unheralded, are winning daily conquests in the higher sphere of intellectual achievement. The Drug, Oil, Paint and Chemical division contained a remarkably large number of well-known men, and made an exceedingly fine appearance. They carried the banner, over a third of a century old, alluded to on another page. The College of Pharmacy of the City of New York students formed the rear guard of the division. After them came in succession the Steam, Water and Gas Supply; the Pot- 90 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. tery and Lamp; the Hide and Leather, and Boot and Shoe divisions, all display- ing good marching abilities, all enthusiastic and all decorated with ingenious devices. The West Side Business Men turned out by the thousands, and nothing daunted by the gathering gloom, contintted to march by artificial light. Their guides carried red, white and blue lanterns, whose light was reinforced by brilliant calcium lights and other ilhmiinations along the route. Evening was now setting in, but still the legions of Sound Money had not all gone by. There were yet the Harness, Millinery, Hardware, Clothiers', Hat- ters', Cloak and Suit, Rubber, West Side Retailers', Furnitttre, Fish Dealers', Shirt Makers', Italian and Roumanian Divisions to pass, and it was 6:25 p.m. before the last of the extraordinary pageant of peace inarched past the grand stand and disappeared up the famous Avenue. PERSONAL INSIGNIA— FIELD OF THE CLOTH OF GOLD. While the procession was absolutely devoid of the picturesqueness afiforded by the brilliant uniforms of military pomp or the striking costumes of allegor- ical and historical pageantry, the deficiency was compensated for in a measure by the insignia with which the paraders adorned themselves. The leading two ideas expressed by their individual heraldry were embodied in the American Flag and emblems of a golden color. Of the display of the former we have spoken on preceding pages. If ever there was a treasure of gold at the end of a rainbow, it might be said to have existed under the rainbow of national colors which arched the city with its bow of promise on this memorable day. Every conceivable device was em- ployed to express the faith of the paraders in the Gold Standard — in the Golden Ride which is as applicable to the counting room and the market-place as to the Sunday school room and the Church: " Do unto others as ye would they should do unto you." They did not believe in paying a dollar's vvorth of debts with fifty cents' worth of money. They did not believe in betraying the national credit by repudiation or in desecrating the national legend " In God We Trust " with a lie. Hence it was that next to tfie multitude of flags which they carried, they displayed most profusely the symbol of the precious metal. " All that glisters is not gold," but everything that had a yellow glisten on this occasion signified gold. It was as if the nudtitude had supplemented the legend of the national coinage with a new one, created by inserting a thirteenth letter into the other, and were declaring their financial creed in the motto " In Gold We Trust." The whole realm of nature, in its vegetable, animal and mineral kingdoms, was laid under tribute for symbols of gold. The most pojiular floral decoration of the day was the yellow; chrysanthemum — a form of adornment, by the way, not confined to the ranks of the paraders. Everybody wore them, from the Mayor down, in the procession and out of it, women as well as men. It was a marvel \ os> ^ % I THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARAl)^, 91 where all of these yelU)\v ehrvsantheniunis came from. Thousands upon thou- sands of them flashed out like so many little golden suns from the lappcls of mas- culine coats and feminine jackets. " It looks as though the chrysanthemum was to be the national flower," said a man on the reviewing stand. P2ach of the 2,000 members of the Cotton ICxchange division was decorated with a golden ril)bon and a bursting cotton-boll. The fruit men, while waiting a few minutes at the corner of Houston Street, saw an Italian with a large basket of oranges. Oranges are yellow and they are round, and so suggest by a stretch of tlie imagination gold money. Each fruit man parader speared an orange upon the point of his tiag stick, and quarters and halves in silver money were showered into the empty basket of the delighted Italian. The Produce Exchange men had small sheaves of golden grain, and all were l)edecked with bright, orange-colored chrvsanthe- mums and American flags. Tlxi tricolored pampas plumes, reconnnended bv Chairman Hanna as emblems of sound money, were also freely used. In the animal kingdom, the mythical gold bug was the most popular em- blem. This was a six-legged entomological novelty, varying in size from one to six inches in length, cast in yellow metal, which had been sold in countless num- bers by street hawkers for days before the parade. It is said that the man who conceived the idea patented it, and coined it into many thousands of dollars of real gold. Except in the dignified ranks of the bankers and brokers, the archi- tectural and the lawyers' divisions, there was hardly a line that did not show one or more of these anomalous insects. One battalion wore gold bugs for epaulettes. Another had a gigantic gold bug constructed on wheels, on the scale of the dragon in " Siegfried," which opened its cavernous mouth occasionally, display- ing the words " I eat boy orators." This allusion to the youthful Democratic candidate for the Presidency was highly relished. Then there were other ani- mals, converted by the touch of the Philosopher's Stone into gold. One man carried a huge gold elephant on a pike over his head. Smaller elephants in papier mache, representing the Grand Old Party, were numerously displayed on the ends of canes. Another favorite was a red, white and blue chenille monkey, holding an imitation five-dollar gold piece in its wire hand. These were worn on the front of hats, and presented a curious effect. Then there were golden doves and beetles whose outstretched wings bore portraits of AIcKinley and Hobart, and a big golden eagle soared over the banner of one companw A huge goldfish rolled by, with a mouth large enough to have swallowed Jonah, and which was opened with a string. Inside were the words, "Hurrah for McKinley! " The mineral kingdom yielded little masses that looked like gold ore for the brokers, and also suggested the regalia for another company, perhaps tlie most picturesque in the whole line. The latter were a com]iany of thirty-live coal miners. They wore the complete e(iuipmcnt of their trade. Lamps dangled from their hats; coffee cans and lunch boxes were strapped over their backs. Their faces were grimed with toil, and the hands that grasped the big steel picks jewelers' division entering BROADWAY FROM MAIDEN LANE. THE GREAl' SOUND AIONKY PARADE. 93 were soiled and calloused with hard labor. They aroused great enthusiasm all along the route of march. A dozen or more men carried huge silver dollars, fixed on pikes, above which were small gold coins. These emblems bore the motto. "Sixteen to one — Nit!" There were many other forms of decoration not subject to classification — yellow medallions of McKinley, huge gold dollars, gold stars, gold shields, yel- low hats — tall, alpines and sombreros — yellow hat bands, yellow ribbons and yellow flags. At the head of the electrical trades division marched a company carrying incandescent lamps on the end of their flagpoles, witli attachments for lighting if it became necessary. Thousands upon thousands of McKinley pho- tographs bobbed along in the hats of the paraders, and they did not look as though they were placed there through coercion, either. Governor Morton and Mr. Hobart raised their hats higher than usual when three companies of men came by, bearing huge golden letters, which spelled the motto: P-r-o-s-p-e-r-i-t-y ! V-i-c-t-o-r-y A-s-s-u-r-e-s S-o-u-n-d M-o~n-e-y I Another squad of men marched bv with expansive fans, l)earing the words, " We are hot for McKinley." Then there were busts of McKinley an inch or so in size, protruding from button holes, and motto buttons innumerable. One man who led a company in the dry goods men's division wore a cabinet sized photo- graph of the Republican candidate for President made fast to the band of his tall silk hat. Another full company had smaller pictures in gold frames on their derbies. McKinley cocked hats of gilded composition made in the form of signet rings that covered nearly the entire back of the wearer's hand were numerous. The Columbia University boys wore high white hats, sweaters, and golf trousers and stockings. Each wore a blue letter on his white jersey, the letters spelling out, "Columbia University is for sound money. See!" and "We are the stufif." The Coffee Exchange men wore gold ribbons on their breasts, and instead of flags carried gold bannerets mounted on long handles. A small golden shoe in a circle of flowers suspended on a staff and 1)orne by one of the ])araders attracted some attention. In the midst of the millinery division a lady's large hat, made of gilded straw and decorated with yellow lace, was held aloft. A row of colored lanterns adorned the belts of the men who formed the foremost coluiun of the Hardware P.rigade. One platoon had small silver bells on the lappels of their coats, wdiich were rung in unison as the men passed the reviewing stand. The insurance men wore gold medals covering half their chests, and gold bugs on their trousers legs, which flapped their wings for two minutes every time thev were screwed up. The leaf tobacco men. about 1,500 in number, all v/ore badges of gold-colored ribbon, and were decorated in various ways with sprays of leaf tobacco. Some wore it in their button holes as boutonnieres, others had clusters of it pinned at different points on their coats, wdiile still others carried great rolls of it at their sides. One company of jewellers wore great big 94 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. sunflowers, the centres of which were occupied by pictures of McKinley. Others wore hanging to their buttonholes gold cups and pitchers, and others wore big gold pens in their hats. BANNERS OF THE PARADERS. One important regulation, which maintained the dignity of the parade and prevented its sinking to the level of a vast moving business advertisement, was that which prohibited the display of firm signs. The banners, therefore, were only such as marked the divisions or symbolized the general public sentiment which the parade was intended to express. One of the most elaborate banners was carried by four men in the publishers' division, being an enlarged copy of the cartoon by W. A. Rogers entitled "A Mighty Risky Experiment." On one side was the picture of Bryan standing over a workingman, whose face was bent at right angles with his legs. On the neck of the workingman lay a silver dollar. In Bryan's upraised hands a sword was grasped. The sword was labelled " Wild- Eyed Finance." Under the picture was this : " Bryan — Now, my good man, I propose to cut your dollar in two, without hurting you a particle." On the opposite side of the standard was another picture of a silver dollar, with this on it: " Marked Down! 49 Cents! " In the jewelers' division were three or four attractive banners. One bore the words: "Jewellers' Legion. Pro Patria. Organized 1880." Behind it a few feet was another banner like the first, except the date of organization was 1896. Still another banner among the jewellers, and one that excited much en- thusiasm, read: "Jewellers' Legion. Blaine and Logan. Garfield and Arthur. Harrison and Morton. ^McKinley and Hobart." It had been carried by the jewellers in all those campaigns, and was old and worn. The Photographic Sound Money McKinley and Hobart Club had a gor- geous banner in white and gold. The inscription was: "Americans, Uphold Your Honor." This banner was flanked by two gorgeous National flags. " Victory Assured " was the motto of some more photographers. It was an unique design. Each letter was attached to a separate flagstaff, and the line kept the motto straight by preserving a fine front. Likewise, behind them was the motto, " Sound Money." The Architects were headed l)y an enormous gold-hued banner, on which was inscribed : " McKinley — Kindness, Integrity, Nobility, Loyalty. Energy." The drug, oil, paint and chemical trades carried an old litliographed banner on wTiich were the pictures of Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin, their names, and the date i860. It was a relic of that fierce campaign of thirty-six years ago. Over the goldbeaters and silversmiths flashed a banner like a huge sheet of gold leaf, bearing the inscription: " Give Us An Honest Dollar And a Chance THE tiREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 95 To Earn It." AnotluT battalion of silversmiths had a i^reat vellow banner carried by four men on whieli were the words: " Silversmiths' League. Sound Money And An Honest Dollar. McKinley and llobart. 1896." Among- the Coffee Exchange men appeared a tremendous banner of blue and gold, inscribed: "1776, Liberty; 1812, Honor; 1861, Liviolability ; 1896, Honesty And Justice Uefore Party." The Machine, Railway Supply and Metal Workers' Association carried an enormous combination picture of McKinley and Hobart, 15 feet high and 25 feet wide. It took eight men to carry it. At the head of the Wall Street men was a large blue and gold silk banner labelled: "Bankers and Brokers' Republican Club. McKinley And Hobart. Sound Money. 1880. 1896." The hardware men dropped into irony, and while one of their banners read : ''Sound Money xAnd High Wages," another said: "We Produce Copper, Zinc, Lead And Iron. Why Not Coin Dollars From Our Manufactures At Double Their V^alue?" and another said: " What Is The Matter Witli The T'ree Coinage Of Iron? We Want To Use Lip Our Scrap Iron." In one division three companies were equipped with star-pointed lances, each lance having a letter of the alphabet in gold afihxed to it. The letters on the lances borne by the first platoon spelled the word '' Prosperity." The second row made up the words " Victory " and " Assures," while the third made up the words " Sound " and " Money." The three rows of lances, with their letters, read thus: " Prosperitv! Victory Assures Sound ^Vloney! " The foregoing were typical of the other banners, most of them l)eing digni- fied and serious in their character. Once in a while a little variety was afTorded by a banner which dropped into colloquialism or slang. One company carried long staves, held high in air. to each of which was af^xed the wooden fac-simile of a silver dollar and a gold dollar. On the silver dollar were these words: "16— I? Nit!" Among the dry goods men was a f:)oy dressed entirely in yellow and wear- ing a clown's bonnet, bearing the legend: " Hully Cee! " The Wool Exchange was preceded by a large banner on which a])peared two sheep; one covered wdth wool and labelled 1892; the other shorn, and labelled 1896. The banner bore this motto: " Protection, Gold And Prosperity." The architects and engineers had a beautiful banner in green and gold, bear- ing the signs of the two societies, the triangle and the scjuare. The Columbia College boys carried a huge banner of blue and white, W'ith the following inscription in gold across the face: " Columbia College, Founded I754-" SONCS AND CRIES. What the banners left unsaid the paraders sang or shouted. Some of their songs were intensely thrilling, and some of their slogans w^ere extremely amusing. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. 97 A notable occurrence was the spontaneous chorus of the vast nniltitude in Madison Square, sini;in,o- "' The Red, White and Blue," started by one of the divisions that passed. When the last two lines of the chorus, " The arni\- and navy forever, Three cheers for the Red, White and Blue!" rang- out, Gov. Morton, who had stood uncovered during the singing, swung his silk hat above his head and called upon the paraders for three cheers for the flag about which they had been singing. The response was instantaneous. Men, women and children took up the song, and made. the welkin ring with the patri- otic churns. Another favorite air was " Marching Through Georgia," sung to its own words or to new lines adapted to it. One body of men sang these words to the familiar tune: Here's to honest money, boys, we'll sing another song, We'll sing it with a spirit that will start the world along; The dry goods men are out for gold, full fifty thousand strong, W^e'll march to the polls in November. Chorus: - ' ' -. - Hurrah! Hurrah! We'll shout tlie jubilee. Hurrah! Hurrah! For connnon honesty. We'll rout the Coxey army with sound money for our plea, When we march to the polls in November. " John Brown's Body " received the following adaptation : . ' Hang Bill Bryan on a sour apple tree. Hang Bill Bryan on a sour apple tree. Hang Bill Bryan on a sour apple tree, As we go marching on! Another company was vocal with this ditty, to the tune of " The New Bull} : When November rolls around, round, round, round! When November rolls around, round, round, round! Wlien November rolls around. No fifty-three cent dollar can be found. The most popular songs, however, were those of a patriotic nature, the "Star Spangled Banner," "America," and "The Red, White and I Hue" being sung with rousing enthusiasm all along the line. The songs were interspersed with cries of various sorts, some of which showed great ingenuity and more or less humor. The first platoon of railway men proclaimed themselves as follows: " Rah, Rah, Rah! Who are we? We are the boys of the N. Y. C." It did not need the presence of Air. Depew to identify these men as belong- ing to the New York Central R. R. Co. The Pennsylvania men yelled: 98 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Rah! Rah! Rah! Rah! We're the Keystone R. R.! The Erie division shouted: HuUy gee! Hully gee! We are the boys of the E — R — I — E! Some of the jewelers announced themselves in these lines: We are jewelers formed in line For McKinley and Hobart every time. For William And Garret Rickety — at — a — rat — tat, Rickety — at — a — rat — tat, For William! Garret! and Gold! (the last screamed). Another cry they had went as follows: We are for McKinley and Hobart too, Yes — yes — yes — yes ! We know it's best, and so do you: We're bound to put them through! They are bound to run all right. They'll beat the little boy out of sight And surely win the day! The last few platoons of the Insurance Club were made up of jovial agents, who let olif whistling roman candles and sang: " Mutual Life, Mutual Life; when we're done we'll insure your life." When the first of the third division of the central dry goods men arrived opposite the reviewing stand they shouted: Who are we? Who are we? Every vote for McKinlee! The second division of the bankers and brokers came along singing: We will show you what we'll do For Bill McKinley and Hobart, too. The third division passed the reviewing stand singing: " Left, left, Bryan will get left." The real estate men came across the square singing, " Glory, glory. Bill McKinley, as we go marching on," and yelling: " First in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen," winding up by banging their canes on the granite road in imitation of a step dancer. The paper makers vociferated: " Who are we? Who are we? The Pa-per Makers for McKin-leel " There were numerous others cries, which did not indicate their source, such as: THE GRKAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 99 Kail, rail, rah. Rah, rah, rah! AIcKinley and llohart, W'ah-hoo wall! Who are we? Who are we? We are all for sound mon-ee!" "One, two, three; Sixteen to one; NIT!!" These songs and cries served the double purpose of giving vent to the spirits of the marchers and keeping up the spirits of the spectators, and were an enhvening feature of the parade. DISAIISSAL. The system of dismissal was very carefully prepared. When the head of the procession reached Fortieth street, General Porter and his statT made their headquarters in the saddle just above the intersection of the street and the avenue, wheeled about, and reviewed the 110,000 men who had been following in their wake. As each division approached, its commander was met by an aide from the marshal and directed to turn through East or W^est Fortieth street as the circumstances required. After passing a block or two away from Fifth Avenue, the paraders debouched again into the down-town thoroughfares, and within a few more blocks were given orders to "Break Ranks!" Aides kept the (irand Marshal apprised of the condition of affairs in the adjacent streets and avenues, and the deflection of the divisions was so skillfully managed that no congestion occurred, and one body of men had time to disperse comfortably before another was thrown into its place. By the time the procession had reached this point, and General Porter and stafif had taken their positions for the final review, the knowledge of the impre- cedented magnitude and success of the parade had permeated the ranks of the paraders, as well as city at large. Consequently, as the men marched under the gaze of their Conmiander-in-Chief, their enthusiasm reached a high pitch, and to the formal salutes which they tendered him they added the most enthu- siastic cheers and demonstrations of personal popularity and admiration. The sun had been below the horizon fully two hours by the calendar when at length, down the avenue, the General saw a cessation of the stream of hu- manity that had flowed like a mighty river through this urban channel since morning, and knew the end was approaching. In a quarter of an hour a line of marshals, a squad of police, and a patrol wagon passed by. This was the end of the great procession, and with it this extraordinary demonstration ])assed into history. GENERAL HORACE PORTER. MILITARY ORGANIZATION. Grand Marshal. GENERAL HORACE PORTER. Chief of Staff, A. NOEL BLAKEMAN. Chief of Aides, L. CURTISS BRACKETT. CHAS. N. SWIFT, Special Aides, NICHOLAS W. DAY. CHAS. CURIE, JR. ABRAM G. MILLS, vSTAFF OF AIDES. George B. Agnew, F. R. Appleton, C. Graham Bacon, Jr., Ira Barrows, George M. Barry, Charles I. De Bevoise, S. J- Bloomingdale, Wilbur F. Brown, Charles M. Clarke, Richard E. Cochran, Lloyd Collis, A. G. Dickinson, jr., H. H. Dougherty, A. E. Drake, Stuart Duncan, Dr. Fitzhugh Edwards, George E. Fahys, William N. Fleischmann, Edward S. Fowler, George L. Gillon, James R. Gilmore, John N. Golding, Ray T. Gordon, Ulysses S. Grant, 3rd, G. Fauvel Gouraud, George H. Hallet, M. J. Harrington. Warren AI. Healey, William L. Heermance, Charles E. Heuberer, Charles R. Hickox, Jr., T. W. B. Hughes, Gilford Hurry, L. C. Ivory, Robert W. Leonard. Hon. Edson Lewis, Albert W. Lilienthal, Max J. Lissauer, Van D. Macumber, R. B. Miller, James R. O'Beirne, George C. Parkinson, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. E. L. Partridge, George W. Perkins, James C. Reed, J. M. Robinson, A. F. Schernierhorn, John Winfield Scott, Francis W. Seagrist, Isaac N. Seligman, James Shewan, Jr., Howard C. Smith, W. R. Spooner, Charles E. Sprague, Myles Stanchsh, WilHam F. Stevens, Jr. Edward A. Sumner, H. Suydam, Ivan Tailof, Albert Tilt, W. M. Tuttle, Aaron Vanderbilt, William E. Van Wyck, Edward H. Walker, James Weir. Alfred Wendt, William S. Wilcox, H. Olin Wilson. John G. Wintjen. WHOLESALE DRY GOODS DIVISION. Grand Marshal, MAJOR WILLIAM E. WEBB. Chief Aide, HARRY W. MARTIN. General Duty Aide. H. A. BROWN. Edward A. Treat, F. Martin, Jr., W. B. Miles, B. H. Borden, Russell D. Hyde, Fred. F. Waters, First Section Aides, R. H. MacLea, Second Section Aides, G. W. Swain, Third Section Aides, George R. Martin, Fourth Section Aides, C. G. Todd, Fifth Section Aides, C. E. Lyall, Sixth Section Aides, Capt A. E. Colfax, P. Bradlee Strong. E. Bowlend. Robert W. Butler. Perez Stewart. Elliott Bigelow. M. Knox Hackett. GRINNELL WILLIS. W.M. IS. FULLER. \v. E. WEHB. FRED DRAKE. PETER J. m'iNTVKE. THEODORE WKNIZ. .ANDREW JACOBS. H. W. MARTIN. MORRIS MAYER. H. A. Bostwick, W. S. Wilson, C. Otto Toussaint, Major E. Eunison, E. W. Kirby, O. M. Beach, A. E. Toussaint, L. E. Vannier, George Buckenham, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. Seventh Section Aides, A. Drake, E. R. Simonson, Eighth Section Aides, , W. H. Watson, Ninth Section Aides, Chas R. vShavv, Tenth Section Aides, Peter J. Mclntyre, Eleventh Section Aides, Twelfth Section Aides, Thirteenth Section Aides, Fourteenth Section Aides. O. F. Carpenter, Fifteenth Section Aides, FIRMS IN LINE. 103 F. N. Drake. C. F. Muller. James Hopkins. L. Austin. F. M. Knight. E. Scheitlein. A. T',. Wade. F. A. Starr. C. W. Dean. Assabet Manufacturing" Company, American News Company, F. A. Adams, Bacon & Co., Buckingham & I*aulson. Bossut, Fere & Fils, Brown, Doufer & Co., Barbour Brothers' Co., Jacob S. Bernheimer & Bro.. E. Blumenthal & Co., Bernheimer. Dryfoos & Hermann, Bliss, Fabyan & Co., Brandenthal & Co., H. A. Caesar Company, Coperthwait & Co., Chicago Corset Company, Creighton & Burch, Calhoun, Robbins & Co., Coffin, Altenuis & Co., George A. Clark & Bro., R. G. Dun & Co., DieckerhofY, Roeffloer & Co., Danforth, Clark & Co, Dudley, Bartelle & Hurd, J. & J. Dolxson, Dry Goods Economist, Belfast Linen Handkerchief Manufact- Densmore Typewriter Company, nring Co., C. A. Evertz & Co., Boyd, Sutton & Co., David L. Einstein, I 104 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Burton Bros. & Co., Brigham, Laurie, Mann & Co., Cohen, Enciel & Co., Collins, Downing & Co., W. H. Childs. Cooley, Turnbull & Co., Coates Thread Company, Catlin & Co., Gloucester Manufacturing Co., Gribbon & Sons, Gowing, Sawyer & Co., Grinnell, Willis & Co., John Haydock, E. H. Harwood & Co., O. H. Hayes & Co., The A. A. Hart Co., Harding, Whitman & Co., Hackett, Carhart & Co., Heinze, Lewy & Co., E. G. Hanford. A. D. Juilliard & Co., Keune & Sons, H. H. Kuppfer, Koerner & Co., H. & W. H. Lewis, H. J. Libby & Co., J. S. Lesser & Co., Minot, Hooper & Co., John Menke, Munn & Co., John McCann & Co., Noyes, Bauscher & Gerrish, Otheman, Dyer & Southwick, M. Phillips & Son, Phillips, Kunhardt & Allen. Rosenstein & Co., Rock Manufacturing Co.. Spielman Brothers, F. Snyder, Shaw & Peck, Sawyer, Manning & Co., James Scott & Son, Erlanger Brothers, W. H. Fletcher & Co.. Forstman & Co., Fleitman & Co., Fille, Brown & Co., Faulkner, Page & Co., Frankenthal Bros., Goodman Bros., Galpin, Carmichael & Co., Glendenning & McLeish, Garner & Co., Gilbert Manufacturing Co., W. H. Hasbrouck. Hockman & Co., A. G. Hyde & Sons, Hadley & Co., Hartman & Darling, D. H. Holmes, The Kursheedt Manufacturing Co. The Holtz & Freystedt Co., Justus Koch, Knitting Mills Trading Co., J. H. Lane & Co., J. T. Low & Co., Lawrence & Co., Langdon, Batcheller &: Co., Muir & Maloney, Mason & Hanson, Meyer & Freeman, McConnell & Co., Neustadt Bros., O'Jaffe & Pinkus, Passavant & Co., Parker, Wilder & Co., John Pullman «& Co., Remy, Schmidt & Pleissner, Remington Typewriter Co., L. H. Richter, Sondheim, Levi & Co., Seigel Brothers, Seidenberg & Co., Sprower, Hibbs & Co., THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 105 Sullivan, Vail & Co., Slater & Sons. Smith, Hogg & Gardner, Samuel & Kitchen. A. D. Smith & Co., F. E. Switzer. J. ^I. Thompson, Toff, Posnitz & Co., Union Wadding Company. Fred'k Victor & Achelis, American Wringer Company, Watson, Bull & Co., Wheelwright, Eldridge & Co., Whitman & Phelps, Wilmerding & Rissett, Wescott Jewall Company, Willimantic Linen Company, Wateman Felix, Converse. Stanton Si CuUen, Massoit Manufacturing Co. , Joseph Wild & Co. , The Loraine Co., Wilmerding, Morris & Mitchell, Southern Pacific Co., Palmer Bros., Noyes, vSmith & Co., Mcintosh, Green & Co., Alvah Hall & Co., Birdsey, Somers & Co., Stevens, Sanford & Hardy, Porter Bros. & Co., Josephs & Werner, Berry & Mayer, M. & C. Mayer, Hocanum Association, Sweetser, Pembrook & Co., Robinson & Shackleton, Tef t, Weller & Co. , Deering, Milliken & Co., Thomas J. Davies & Co., W. H. Hinchman & Co., E. J. Horsman, Stewart, How & May Company, S. Stein & Co., Sherman, Reid & Co., J. G. Smith & Co., W. L. Strong & Co., Spellman Brothers, Townsend & Yale, J. S. Turner, H.J. Unger & Co., E. H. Van Ingen & Co., David Weil's Sons & Co., H. Wallach's Sons, Clarence Whitman & Company, Jacob Wendell & Co., Wendel, Fay & Co., John S. Whiteside, Wesendonck, Lorenze &: Co., Weingarten Bros., The York Street Flax Company, Jas. F. White & Co.. V. Henry Rothschild & Co., T. H. Brady, Shreve 8z Adams, Mitchell Bros., E. L. Hyman, Clark & Campion, Field, Chapman & Fenner, Loeb & Schoenfeld. Barker & Waters, Henry W. T. Mali & Co., The Bradstreet Co., John G. Vogler, Chas. E. Ryeroft, Washington Mills Co., Alexander King & Co. , Griswold Woolen Co., Wallace Herter & Co., Rockfellow & Shepard, Lee, Tweedy & Co., Denney, Poor & Co. , Dunham, Buckley & Co., A. Fillmore Hyde, io6 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. John J. Dowd, C. F. Wildey, Joy, Langdon & Co., Wallace, Hoaxter & Co., Jacobs & Sterzelback, P. Von Volkenburg & Co. Roger, Lamson & Co., Copeland & Pray, The H. B. Claflin Co., Cone Export & Com, Co., Strauss, Sachs & Co., Schefer, Schramme & Vogel, Abraham & vSchwarz, Hoeninghaus & Curtiss, Metcalf Bros. & Co., H. Bauendahl, L. Siegber & Bro. , Wm. Fish, Jr., & Co., John R. Hall & Co., Bernheimer & Walter, Cohen, Brost & Co. , Tim & Co., Jas. Talcott, Patterson & Greenough, Herrman, Aukman & Co., A. Barnett & Co. , B. G. Pippey & Co., J. M. Valentine & Co., Frank Simmons & Co., S. E. Bloch & Bro., Emden, Gerstle & Co., Star & Crescent Mills Co., Roth & Goldschmidt, Chaffee, Alorehouse cK: Co., Mills & Gibb, Geo. A. Cleaver cK: Bro., A. Steinam 8z Co., Haines & Bishop, W. H. Langley & Co., Wm. Simpson, Sons & Co., Waterman, Heller & Long, Doob, Klauber & Co., Neuss, Hesslein & Co., Einstein, Wolff & Co., Asiel, Putzel &- Co., Wright, Young & Graham, Arnold B. Heine & Co., Neuburger, Heine & Co., Wm. Meyer & Co. , Raritan Woolen Mills, Whitin & Collins, Lawrence, Taylor & Co., D. L. R. Dresser. Giveen Manufacturing Co., D. P. Winne. CENTRAL DIVISION OF THE McKINLEY AND HOBART DRY GOODS ASSOCIATION. Marshal, JOSEPH W. CONGDON. Chief of Staff, WALTER KOBBE. KU?;SELL MURKAV. (iEOKt^E C. ANDREAE. )SCAR HOFFSTADT. JOSEPH \V. CONGDON. JACiJUES HUBEK. HENin Ar.EGG. E. N. HRR/OG. ALFRED WEN'DT. WELCOME (,. HITCHCOCK'. Jacques J lubcr, William T. Evans, Edward Barker, THK GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. ASSISTANT iMARSHALS. Gcor<;c C Aiulreac, Warren W. Goddard Oscar Hoffstadt. 107 B. Richardson, H. H. Schweiterino-, E. N. Herzog, Capt. Charles Curie. R. H. Cunningham, H. H. Mollis. '^ Henrv Sidenberg, Col. \Mlliam Barbour, Henry E. Rising, Isaac A. Hall, George J. Geer, Thomas Fergus, H. A. Van Liew, Col. John R. Beam, C. Lambert, Otto Andreae, Jr., Gen. W. C. Heppenheimer, Russell Alurray, Frank E. Rice, Francis J. Rue, Abegg & Rush, C. A. Auffmordt. xA.shley & Bailey. Arnold, Constable & Co., Aitken, Son & Co., Arnstaedt & Co., Bail, Stewart & Co., Boessnick, Broesel & Co., Hardt, Von Bernuth & Co. Butler Bros.. Ballin & Bernheimer, Belding Bros., Browning, King & Co.. H. S. Brill, AIDES. H. A. Caesar, 1). 11. (irimshaw, Arthur Ryle, Capt. A. A. Wilcox, Ewald Fleitmann, F. Hoeninghaus, Frank Arnold, Julius S. Klous, W. C. Kimball, Charles W. Erskine, H. Walter Hoppin, W. C. Browning, William Schramm, Gen. B. W. Spencer, Otto L. Donuiierich, Col. S. V. S. Muzzy, W. E. Harflt, Warner Sherwood, Col. H. A. Potter, Jerome C. Read. FIRMS IN LINE. Fleitman & Co., Frank «S: Dugan, Frankenthal Bros., Greeff & Co., Gartner & Freidenheit, Walter H. Graef & Co., Goldberg Bros. & Co., Givernaud Bros.. J. W. Goddard & Sons, Hoeninghaus & Curtiss, Hardt & Lingens, W. G. Hitchcock & Co., Ilorikoshi & Co., William Iselin & Co., io8 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. H. A. Caesar & Co., Collins, Downing & Co., Cheney Bros., S. E. Block, Castle Braid Co., Doherty & Wadsworth, Eiseman Bros., L. Erstein & Bros., J. Loewenthal, Loewenstein Bros., Lesher, Whitman & Co., Levi Sondheim & Co., Julius Loewenthal & Co., Levy Bros., Le Boutillier Bros., J. Menke, M. & C. Mayer, Mills & Gibbs, Maurice A. Magner, Mendelssonn & Co., Samuel McAlpin, Muser Bros., Andrew McLean & Co., Meyer & Dickinson, Mason & Hanson, James McCreery & Co., E. T. Mason & Co., Newberger, Heine & Co., William Openhym & Sons, Oelbermann, Dommerich & Co., Ogden &: Brook, Owanaca Silk Co., J. Ottenheimer & Co., S. Peirls, Plonsky & Simon, John Pullman & Co., Pelgram & Meyer, Penney, Casse & Lockey Co., A. S. Rosenthal & Co., William Ryle & Co., S. Rothschild & Bro., Jacobs & Sterzelbach, Johnson, Cow^din & Co., J. Kridel & Co., Kursheedt Mfg. Co., Julius Kayser, Henry Krohnberg, Lazarus & Newman, J. P. Logan, Rothschild Bros. & Co., L. Roessel & Co., Henry Rice, Richardson Silk Co., Rothschild Bros. & Rittenberg, William Schroeder & Co., Schwarzenbach, Huber & Co., Scheuer Bros., J. R. Simon & Co., Stern & Stern, Stemhardt & Bro., P. H. Scott, Spielman & Co., H. H. Schwitering & Co., Sack & Bahnson, Otto Seyd, Spencerian Pen Co., Shefer, Schramm & Vogel, Stewart How & May Co., Smith & Kaufman, G. Seidenberg & Co., A. Steinhardt & Bros., J. N. Stearns, Siegel Bros., Louis Siebert & Co., Stern Bros., D. Tyrell, The William Strange Co., Theodore Tiedman, D. J. Ullman, J. H. Thorpe & Co., Wendt, Steinhauser & Co., Charles Wolfif & Co., I AUGUSTUS F. MUI.LER. L. G. ERICSON. MATTHEW ROCK. EMIL TWYEFFORT. * CONRAD F. NAGEL. MARKS ARNHEIM. ANDREW PATTERSON. JULES C. WEISS. J. M. RAYMOND. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 109 THE MERCHANT TAILORS' SOUND MONEY LEAGUE. Marshal, E. TWYEFFORT. Chief of Staff. MATTHEW ROCK. AIDES, A. W. Wallander, D. C. Curtis, J. J. Kennedy, E. N. Doll. Andrew Patterson, George Everall, A. F. Mueller, L. S. Davidson, J. M. Raymond, FIRST BATTALION. B. R. Alerwin, Major; Harvey A. Patterson, Adjutanl. SECOND BATTALION. M. Arnheim, Major; J. L. McEwen, Adjutant. THIRD BATTALION. George H. Tappen, Major; M. L Fox, Adjutant. M. Arnheim, J. J. Abrahams, J. Brugger, W. Bawden, Oscar Carlson, H. Cohn. L. S. Davidson, E. N. Doll, M. Davidson, Everall Bros., L. G. Ericson, Frederick Ernst, E. W. Emery, Matthew I. Fox, M. B. Guilford, W. Goldman, J. Greenblat, S. Granese, Honer & Uhlig, Hvatt & Darke, FIRMS IN LINE. S. Lumage, P. Lobsenz, James L. McEwen, A. F. Muller. Murray & Drury, Conrad Muller, M. J. Moss, B. R. Merwin, T. H. Miller, B. Massalsky, Conrad F. Nagel, Alfred Nelson, Parsons, Scarlett & Wallender, A. D. Porter & Sons, Pettus 8z Curtis, John R. Powell & Co., E. Pinasy, John Patterson & Co., R H. Post, J. Phillips, Haas Bros., Karl Herkert, Kuster & Overend, F. Knoechel, John J. Kennedy, B. Klein, L. Levin, T. Levy, J. M. Sanford, Charles Schroeder, R. Stravitz, J. B. Saalmann, Tappen & Pierson, A. Raymond & Co., THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Rupert A. Ryley, Rice & Duval, D. Rosenberg, Reid & Rossell, Reynolds. Welch & Co. M. Rock, J. G. Siegling, J. D. Theese & Sons, J. F. Thompson, Emil Twyeffort, C. H. Wetzel & Co., J. C. Weiss, J. P. Wessman. J- "^P^SL^PCi AND STEAMSHIP SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, JOHN L. SNOW. AIDES. R. M. Parker, John Morris, J. D. Abrams, R. W. Meade, Jr., Col. A. H. Pride, Chas. D. Simonson, H. C. Blye. Charles E. Sayre, J. F. Fairlamb, E. G. Tuckerman, G. L. Robinson, George H. Daniels, Geo. T. Boggs, John L. Biirdett, L. W. Lake, FIRST BATTALION. Edward Kendrick, Assistant Marshal. Men from New York Central, West Shore Railroads, and Wagner Palace Car Co. SECOND BATTALION. H. F. Lydecker, Assistant Marshal. Men from New York, Ontario and Western, Central R. R. of New Jersey, and Trunk Line Association. THIRD BATTALION. W. J. Bogert, Assistant Marshal. Men from Broadway Railroad and Steamship Offices and from their various piers. THOS. VERNON. T. ALFRED VERNON. GEO. F. PERKINS. WM. D. MAY. WM. E. VAN WYCK. ETHAN ALLEN DOTY. THOMAS B. BUCHAN. FRANK SQUIER. THEODORE CONROW. THE GRKAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Ill McKINLEY AND HOBART CLUB OF THE PAPER AND ASSOCIATED TRADES. Grand Marshal, WILLIAM I). MAY. FIRST DIVISION. Marshal — Thomas Alfred Vernon. Aides— J. H. Walker, W. R. Sheffield, D. S. Walton, Jr. SECOND DIVISION. Marshal — Robert W. Skinner. Aides— T. B. Buchan, W. Underhill, Wm. M. Perkins. THIRD DIVISION. Marshal— Charles Wilhelms. Aides — Herman H. Roehrig-, J. Rosenberg, Geo. H. Simpson; A. P. Gould. FOURTH DIVISION. Marshal — Carmin De Zego. Aides — Antonio De Zego, James Lang. FIRMS IN LINE. J. F. Anderson, Henry Ackerman, American Agriculturist, The Architect and Builder, American News Company, L. H. Bigelow & Co., Charles A. Borsch, Brown-Greene Co., Alfred D. fJeekman, John Bingham, Bingham Brothers Co., Bradstreet's, Buckley, Dunton & Co. Beckett & Bradford, Boorum & Pease, Budinger Co., Cornell & Ward, Conrow Bros., W^ A. Clarke. Commercial Company, F. A. Rhodes, Snyder & Black, D. L. Gardner, F. H. Gregg, S. Goldman, C. F. Hubbs & Co., W. H. Hasbrouck, Fred. Heinrich, Harper & Brothers, G. B. Hurd & Co., George Haucks, Frank L. Hamilton, Henry J. Hewlett, ^lilton C. Johnson Co. Thomas L, Jones, Wm. Jennings, Richard A. Jones, Koch Sons Co., Hispe & Co., Wm. F. Knox, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. W. H. Calkens, The Cherouny Printing & Publishing Company, Central Bureau of Engraving, A. W. Affleck, Diamond Paper Mills Co., David Weil's Sons, The Dulnier Printing Co., Charles Day, Doty & Scrimgeour, John Ettenborough, F. A. Flinn, Felix Salmon & Co., Herman Frenwith, Ferrier Brothers, Charles Francis, Antonio Gatto, E. E. Grafif, Wm. V. Gies, C. B. Provost, Price Brothers, Phineas B. ]\Iycrs, C. Ronalds, Robert Bonner's Sons, John C. Rankin & Co., R. R. Ridge, L. D. Robertson, Rooney & Otten, Thomas Russell's Sons, Walter Roach, Harry A. Strauss, Stettiner Brothers, E. W. Scarborough, Joseph Knapp, The Keller Co., James Lang, J. E. Linde, Lalune Novelty Co., A. J. Leader, William Mossino, George W\ Miller & Co., Tames Matthews, Edwin C. Merrill, W. J. Merrill, Edwin Mould, Miller, Sloan & Wright, New York News Company, New York Printing Company, Oberley & Newell, W. H. Parsons & Co., John C. Powers, George L. Sherwood, Wm. C. Shepherd, H. H. Scott, James B. Shaw, C. Shepherd, Tower Manufacturing Co., John Thompson, J. H. Tapley Co., The United States Printing Co. T. F. White, N. W. Walters, N. Wieser, F. W. Waeldner, H. WoM, International News Co. I Ji COAL TRADE SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, ROBERT OLYPHANT. Adjutant, F. MURRAY OLYPHANT. THE (iRF-AT SOUND MONEY PARADE. II3 Aide, C. H. BOOTH. W. W. Inylis, Captain, commaiulin^- miners, cscortini^ the Club l)anner. HONORARY STAFF. Joseph Stickney, R. H. Wilhams, W. R. Potts, ' S. T. Peters, E. J. Benvind, 1. L. Eddy, G. A. Holden, , Alfred Walter, W. S. Walbridge, W. V. S. Thorne, H. S. Little, M. B. Meade, J. B. Dickson, John Edmonds, J. E. Knapp. FIRST BATTALION. Charles A. Walker. Assistant Marshal Connnanding. Adjutant — J. Kensett Olyphant. Aide — E. A. Leroy, Jr. CAPTAINS. Lemuel E. Wells, Charles T. Leonard, Robert K. Mackey, S. G. French, Livingston Crosby, John Gordon, W. C. Moquin. ' H. B. Crandall. H. D. Heissenbuttil, Louis Muller. SECOND BATTALION. Aaron G. Perham, Assistant Marshal Conmianding. Adjutant, J. G. Hannah. Aide, Lloyd M. Scott. CAPTAINS. F. A. Potts, E. A. Schermcrhorn, George Dickinson, A. M. Lowenthal, W. B. Gaylord, James Prior, Sr., P. B. Little, H. G. Street, ; W. M. Harlan, I. K. Wells. THIRD BATTALION. Frederic Potts Aloore, Assistant Marshal Commanding. Adjutant, H. E. IMeeker. Aide, H. N. Camp. 114 J. J. Owens, F. E. Darling", N. W. Anthony, J. A. Horton, Henry F. De Groot, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. CAPTAINS. J. J. Toffey, Jr., T. R. Cornwall. W. H. Bradenberg, L. A. Powelson, Herbert D. Lloyd. FIRMS REPRESENTED. Barber & Zeigler, Berwind White Coal Co., Henry Brennich, J. Maurice Beach, G. D. Curtis, C. H. Codington, Crook & Perham, Chesapeake & Ohio Coal Co., Cox Bros. & Co., Bernard Carroll's Sons, Delaware & Hudson Canal Co., Richard T. Davies, D., L. & W. R. R. Co., Dartt & Co., Dickson & Eddy, J. W. Edmonds, Samuel B. French, Falling Rock Cannel Coal Co.. E. S. Gessner, Mouquin, Offerman Coal Co., Mackey, Young & Co., Maritime Coal Co., New Central Coal Co., James Prior, F. A. Potts & Co.. A. S. Swords & Co., O. J. Stephens, J. Samuel Smoot, J. D. Van Pelt, C. J. Wittenberg, J. K. Wells, Weehawken Wharf Co., Jesse Smith Godner, H. Goldstein, I. Goodstein's Sons, Horton & Grier, Wm. Horre & Co., P. Heilner & Son, A. F. Hill & Co., Chris. E. Hosig, Haddock, Shonk & Co. . Lehigh & Wilkesbarre Coal (.o., Edward A. Ihlenburg, William Kelly, Nathan S. Kohn, H. A. Kitcheissen, Leonard Bros., Lowther & Bro., Lowenthal & Hirsch, Lehigh Valley Coal Co., Charles E. Miller, Henry Meyer, Louis Muller, New York, L. E. & W. R. R. Co. Nelson Bros., Parrish, Phillips & Co., Stickney, Conyngham Coal Co., J. Skidmore's Sons, Staples Coal Co., F. E. Teves Coal Co., A. S. Van Wickes & Co., H. S. Wisner, Williams & Peters, James Wells. I TIIK (IREAT SOUND MONEV PARADE. 115 WINE AND SPIRIT TRADERS^ SOCIETY OF THE UNITED STATES. Marshal, COI.. FRANCIS J. CRILLY. Charles Renauld, chief, Augustus S. F'yatt, C. McK. Loeser, Franklin Walden, W. A. Taylor, George B. Kessler, Samuel F. Streit, Martin R. Cook, Francis Dratz, J. K. Taylor, Charles A. du Vivier. W. Allen, E. I. Darvell, Henry Berning, William Osborn, Jr.. E. Rising, Harry Saddler. Ernest Dichman. AIDES. Alexander D. Shaw, George S. Nicholas, E. La Montagne, William Osborn, Max Frankel, W. B. Simons, H. B. Kirk, Adolphe de Bary, C. O. Peters, Albert Neiderstadt, CAPTAINS. G. Bardel, W. A. Charles, J. F. Kiiubel. F. N. McDonald, John Tonjes, H. Dorn. T. F. Black. W. H. Hoffman, E. A. Rogers, C. Grieshaber, Chas. W. Clinton, ARCHITECTURAL DIVISION. Marshal, BRUCE PRICE. Adjutant, C. N. ELLIOT, Secretary of the Division. AIDES TO THE MARSHAL. F. C. Thomas, C. H. Caldwell, J. L. Schroeder. ii6 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. MARSHAL'S STAFF. C. F. McKim, R. H. Robertson, R. H. Hunt, J. M. Carrere, E. L. Heins, E. L. Tilton, A. Dehli, C. W. Stoughton, Edward H. Kendall, G. L. Morse, G. F. Martin, G. M. Pollard. C. H. Detwiller, A. J. Haydel, T. E. Harding-, C. A. Rich, A. L. C. Marsh, J. P. Benson, W. W. Renwick, J. H. Wells, Stanford White, C. W. Clinton, J. E. Ware. Thomas Hastings, W. A. Boring, A. W. Brunner, G. E. Jardine, W. B. Tuthill, F. A. Wright, Th. Engelhardt, H. Bacon. G .E. M. Melendy, G. H. Chamberlain. T. F. Turner. Hugh Lamb, P. J. Lauritzen, W. E. Parffit. A. F. Brockway, W. T. Owen. G. K. Thompson. ENGINEERS' BATTALION OF ARCHITECTURAL DIVISION. L. L. Buck, Commanding. I AIDES. Charles McDonald, O. F. Nichols, Rudolph Hering, W. B. Parsons, W. H. Burr, J. P. Carson, S. W. Hoag, J. F. O'Rourke, W. R. Hutton, Foster Crowell, Henry Muyer, T. H. Stewart, F. W. Hoadly, R. A. Hewitt, M. Lewinson, A. T- Frith, J. J. R. Croes, b. McN. K. Stauffer, H. B. Seaman, H. de B. Parsons, E. P. Roberts, H. W. Brinkerhoff, William Kent, C. W. Hunt, G. W. McNealty, J. H. Wainwright, A. L. Beebe. H. M. Montgomery. James Irving, A. L. Gary, T. F. Tams. 1 . L. \ . HOlllN. CHAS. \V. CLINTON. JOHN F. O'rOURKE. CHAS. m'dONALD. J. LANGDON SCHRODEK, C. KRAMER THOMPSON. GEORGE E. lARDINE. .1. MOLLIS WELLS. THEOBALD M. ENGELHARDT. THE GREAT PRACTICING ARCHITECTS Benson & Brockway, Brunner & Tryon, Boring & Hilton, Barney & Chapman, Carrere & Hastings, Clinton & Russell, Constable Bros., C. W. Eidlitz, T. Engelhardt, Heines & La Farge, Haydel & Shepard, R. H. Hunt, Hill & Turner, Harding & Gooch, E. H. Kendall, Kimball & Thompson, P. J. Lauritzen, Lamb & Rich, j SOUND MONEV PARADE. 117 AND OFFICE STAFFS OF THESE FIRMS. McKim, Mead & White, Jardine, Kent & Jardine. G. L. Aiorsc, G. B. Post, Bruce Price, Parfitt Bros., R. II. Robertson, Renwick, Aspinwall & Owen, Rossiter & Wright, C. W. & A. A. Stoughton, G. H. Struton, W. B. Tuthill. W. V. Tubby, The Sketch Club, J. B. Ware, . A. Wagner, A. Zucker. Jt COTTON EXCHANGE SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, WILLIAM V. KING. Adjutant, SAMUEL T. HUBBARD, Jr. Sergeant-Major, HENRY A. ROYCE. AIDES, lames W. Wenman, David H. Miller, Oscar L. Colhns. CAPTAINS. fames F. Wenman, Hermann Hagedorn, Robert P. McDougall, Henry Schaefer, Felix Warley, Charles F. Laighton, S. M. Lehman, James Riordan, Thomas J. Erophy, Ferdinand C. Gluck, Albert Archer, Abner B. \'an Rqjcr, Charles R. Cairns, [ohn S. Austin, ii8 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. George W. Bailly, Robert C. Allen, David C. Hopkins, Louis L. Robbins, Charles Mayhofif, Gay L. Schififer, J. S. Bache & Co., Bailey & Montgomery, J. O. Bloss & Co., George Bremmeke & Co., Chapman & Allen, John Collins & Son, George Copeland & Co., Coates & Co., Crenshaw & Wisner, Dayton & Waldo, Fatman & Schwartz, Gruner & Co., Henry Hentz & Co., Herman Bros., Hopkins, Dwight & Co., Hubbard Bros., Inman, Swan & Co., Jones, Eure & Co., Knoop, Frerichs & Co., Laighton & Foulke, S. M. Weld & Co. Francis B. Fabri, Jr., James D. Gumming, Jr., Samuel P. Weir, Robert C. Kommerer, George M. Grasse. FIRMS IN LINE. Lehman Bros., Latham, Alexander & Co., Lathrop, Smith & Oliphant, Minzesheimer & Co., Mohr, Hanneman & Co., P. S. March & Son, Walter J. Miller & Co., Robert Moore &. Co., S. Munn, Son & Co., D. Odell & Co., Dennis Perkins & Co., J. M. Robinson & Co ^ Royce & Co., R. Seidenburg & Co., A. N. Selter & Co., Sondheim Bros., Henry M. Tabor & Co., Tuttle, Milne & Co., R. T. Wilson & Co., Woodward & Stillman, Jt COFFEE EXCHANGE AND LOWER WALL STREET BUSINESS MEN'S McKINLEY AND HOBART SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, MAJOR GUSTAVE A. JAHN. Adjutant, JAMES W. AUTEN. Chief of Staff, W. P. ROME. Representative, W. J. PECK. JAMES H. i'OST. PIERRE J. SMITH. ENRV W. BANKS. (;rSTAVE A. JAHN. A. WAKEMAN CORNELll'S MORRISON. WM. H. FORCE. JOSEFH H. FORCE. J. R. STANTON. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 119 C. M. Bull, J. M. Ceballos. T. C. Russell, Edwin J. Peck, A. F. Gray, William H. Force, D. W. Wells, James H. Taylor, Louis Seligsberg, Joseph H, Lester, T. L. Vickers, C, Morrison, James H. Post, F. D. ]\Iollenhauer, Henry Mollenhauer, John Slierer, William Mohr, AIDES. Herbert Covey, James Phyfc, Pierre J. Smith, J. R. Stanton, Leo. Wolfe, Abraham Sanger, Joseph E. Turner, R. A. Perry, W. P. Gillette, W. V. Wood, J. D. Hegeman, J. T. Randall, J. Clarke, Charles F. Chamberlain, Channing Frothingham, George W. Vanderhofif. BATTALION COMMANDERS F. S. Thomas, James j\I. Montgomery, W. C. Collms, C. K. Small, H. G. Pickslay, Charles D. Miller, FIRMS IN LINE James W. Finch, J. R. Merrihcw, L. S. Cooper, J. R. Humphries, Frank W. Bover. J. Azostrice, S. Amsurct & Co., Arbuckle Bros., J. G. Bache & Co., Blake Brothers & Co.. H. W. Banks & Co., Core & Herbert, Wm. Grossman & Bros., Creighton, IMorrison & Meehaii Central Am. Trading Co., J. C. Chase, Dearborn & Co., Elmhart & Co., William H. Force & Co., Flint, Eddv & Co., H. B. Howell .!t Co., H. Hentz & Co., G. A. Jahn & Co., J. H. Labaree & Co.. J. H. Lafarecn Co., Lehman Bros., James H. Lester & Co.. Miller & Walbridge, L. \V. Mumford & Co., Henry Metz & Co., Mackey & Small, Park, Melbourne &; Co., Macy & Pendleton, Mills Bros., Machey & Guval, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Falman & Schwartz, Seeyfry, Gruner & Co., J. A. Griffiths & Co., Hermann Bros. & Co., E. H. & W. J. Peck, J. H. Ranzer & Co., J. M. Randel & Sons, W. D. Rountree & Co., Wm. Russell & Co., W. P. Roone & Co., R. Seedenborg & Co., Sprague & Rhodes, Mohn, Haneman & Co., Nerver & Gallaghan, John O'Donohue & Sons, Farris C. Pitt, Steinwender, Stoffregen & Co., Schreey & Ruckgarter, Smith, Brelt & Co., Schwartz, Dupee & Co., J. H. Tayler & Co., L. Wollenford & Co., Willets & Gray. ^ CUSTOM HOUSE BROKERS' SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, A. J. McCarthy. CAPTAINS. Geo. Alpers, L. A. Consmiller, Martin Stiner, Edw. Combers, A. A. Whiteman, John Pennington, J. C. Young, Geo. Heinig, Isaac Newberry, Jean Masse, Arthur Hughes, Geo. Henshaw, Chas. Asche, Chas. Neal, H. D. Tichenor, S. Praeger, Chas. G. Hanks, W. I. Magee, J. W. Mitchell, Jos. H. Crenelle, Benj. Tuzo, J. O. Nelson, R. J. Godwin, S. C. Gallot, Geo. Tasche, J. G. Fitzpatrick, H. Lusk, J. F. Vaughan. REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FOLLOWING FIRMS. Edwin M. Ackerson, Alpers & Mott, D. V. Arguimbau & Co., S. Ascher, Kennedy & Moon, Knauth, Nachod & Kuhne, R. F. Lang, Loeb & Metz. THE (;reat sound money parade R. M. r.lakc c^ Co., Charles JJleidorn, Bluxonie & IJanini, T. I'.oyd, N. X. r.rown ^S: Co., William A. lirown stinghouse-Church-Kerr Co., L. J. Wing & Co. J' FURNACE, RANGE AND STOVE MANUFACTURERS' SOUND MONEY LEAGUE. P. B. Acker, Eugene Munsell, E. E. Dickinson, Royal E. Deane, Charles O. Lyon, D. S. Ramsey, J. J. Richardson, Henry E. Janes, W. J. Alyers, W. M. Seymour, Marshal, COL. CHARLES B. BOYNTON. Adjutant, MAJOR Wn.LIAM KERBY. AIDES. L. W. Kingsley, Franklin Brooks, Edward Benedict, N. L. Ely, R. B. Keeler, Arthur Janes, G. C. Pennell, John W. Abendroth, J. L. Jackson, A. B. Johnson, 138 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. J. A. Goodrich, E. B. Colby, Robert Campbell, J. P. Ley, Otto Dennis, William Corry, H. T. Richardson, D. S. Richardson, Abendroth Bros., Abram Cox Stove Co., Boynton Furnace Co., Bramhall, Deane & Co., Barstow Stove Co., Uzal Corey & Co., Cleveland Foundry Co., E. B. Colby & Co., M. M. Con\'in, Danville Stove & Mfg. Co., Dietz Stove Co., Estate of A. Froehch, Ely & Ramsey Company, Graff & Co.. Hart & Grouse Co., Howard Furnace Co., E. A. Jackson & Brother, C. W. Richards, C. M. Benedict, William Wolf, W. M. Mackay, W. D. Southard, W. D. Southard, Jr., J. F. Mills, J. D. Fraser. FIRMS IN LINE. W. Jackson's Sons, Janes & Kirtland, Kernan Furnace Co., WilHam Kerby, Liberty Stove Works, Marcy Stove Repair Co.. Eugene Munsell & Co., Peekskill Stove Works, Raymond & Campbell Mfg. Co., Richardson & Morgan Co., Richardson & Boynton Co., Isaac A. Sheppard Co., Simonds Furnace Co., Stove Manufacturers' Repair Associa- tion, Southard, Robertson & Co. PUBLISHERS^ AND ADVERTISERS* SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, HENRY DRISLER, Jr. Homer W. Hedge, Chief; J. S. Seymour, Colonel P. A. J. Russell, F. W. Dauchy, S. C. Beckwith, F. L. Perine, Lyman D. Morse, AIDES. C. N. Cooper, Robert A. E. Orr, C. J. Billson, E. T. Perry, H. A. Lafetra, Edward Ellsworth, R. G. Butler, HENRY DRISSLER. JR. ALFRED E. ROSE. DAVID WILLIAMS. CHARLES A. DANA. HENRY HALL. RODERT J. KEN\VORTHY. A. W. DODSWORTH. NATHANIEL TL'TTLE. I THE CREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 1 39 Henry Hall, G. H. Haulenbeck, A. W. Dodswortli. H. L. Bridgman, A. S. Ochs, Herman Ridder, A. A. Hand, T. C. Lefeyre, J. R. Nix, P. B. Bromfield, Clarence W. Bowen, E. F. Fredericks, J. J. Charlouis, F. W. Rin.2:er, W. N. Vail, Lorillard Spencer. Paul Dana, R. J. Kenworthy. FIRST BATTALION. G. T. Lorig'an, Colonel Commandint^. Journal of Commerce, 5 companies, Tribune, 5 companies. Commercial & Financial Chronicle, i company, SECOND BATTALION. J. vS. Seymour, Colonel Commanding". Evening Post, 12 companies. THIRD BATTALION. R. E. A. Dorr, Colonel Commanding. Mail and Express, 3 companies, Times, 3 companies. Commercial Advertiser, 2 companies. Sun, 2 companies. Standard Union, i company. Press, 2 companies, FOURTH BATTALION. Hamilton W. Mabie, Colonel Commanding. Religious Press, 16 companies. FIFTH BATTALION. David Williams, Colonel Commanding. Iron Age, 6 companies, F. M. Lupton Pub. Co., i company. Judge and Frank Leslie's Weekly, 3 Railroad Gazette, i company, companies. Music Trade Review, 2 companies. Illustrated American, 2 companies, Puck, 2 com])anies. SIXTH BATTALION. F. P. Church, Colonel Commanding. Frank Leslie's Monthly, 3 companies. National Railroad Pub. Co., i com- James Pott &: Co., 2 companies, pany. 140 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Power, I company, Monthly Illustrated, i company. Army & Navy Journal, i company, American Druggist, i company, Electrical Age, i company Current Literature, i company, Outing, I company, Ladies' World, i company, American Banker, i company, Jewish Gazette, i company. Diplomatic & Consular Review% i com- J. Williams Pub. Co., i company, pany. SEVENTH BATTALION. A. E. Rose, Colonel Commanding. J. W. Thompson, 3 companies, Pettingill & Co., 2 companies, L. D. Morse, 2 companies, L. H. Crall, i company, W. H. H. Hull, I company, Special agents, 3 companies, Dauchy & Co., i company, Street Railroad Advertising Co., G. H. Haulenbeek, i company. companies. EIGHTH BATTALION. C. M. Cooper, Colonel Commanding. Engravers, 6 companies, Miscellaneous, 6 companies. A. S. Pitt, M. L. Bowden, C. F. Brinck, Julian Sternberger, Percy I. Loud, A. F. Pfieffer, G. E. Wells. JEWELERS' McKINLEY AND HOBART CLUB. President, J. B. BOWDEN. Secretary, A. BARKER SNOW. Marshal, O. G. FESSENDEN. Chief Aide, HENRY E. IDE. AIDES. FIRST DIVISION. E. J. Diet'sch, Frank T. Sloan, Willard H. Wheeler, William I. Rosenfeld, D. Mygatt, W^ H. Brown, H. S. AIKEN. FRAN'CIS R. APPLETON. O. G. FESSENDEN. LUDWIG NISSEN. CHARLES F. WOOD. A. S. I'lTT. J. B. BOWDEN. WILLARl) H. WHEELER. J. C. MOUNT. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 141 W. N. Walker, W. A. Bryant, W. A. Wightman, William Bardel, E. Unlermeyer, Hugh Dalziel, Jr., SECOND DIVISION. I'Vcd C'la];p, S. (".. VValmsky C. L. Towers, C. E. Maxfeld, E. B. Eaton, Robert Loch, Thomas Adams & Co., L. Adler, Ailing & Co., Arnold & Steere, J. Asher, C. G. Alford & Co. , Jules Ascheim, Aitkin-Laml:)ert Jewelry Co., Wm. H. Ball & Co., B. A. Ballon & Co., Isaac Bach. Barber Jewelry Mfg. Co., H. F. Barrows & Co., Barstow & Williams, \Villiam Barthman. Baslein & Oseroff, E. Bass & Son, Bassett Jewelry Co., Battin Co., E. Bayoj:, Bergstein & Son, Bernheim, Cohn & Co., H. C. Bidwell, R. Blackington & Co.. W. & S. Blackington, Block & Bergfels. A I. V. Booth, Louis Bornemann, J. B. Bowden & Co., Charles C Braxmar, Bride & Tinckler, D. F. Brigg's Com])any, Tliomas F. Brogan Co.. FIRMS IN LINE. Ira Goddard, J. Goldberg, Goldberg & Reffes, M. Goldman, Adolph (ioldsmith & Son, C. V. Goldsmith & Co., M. &i T. Goldsmith, Goldsmith & Frank, O. Goldstein, Chas. Gosling, S. (h-aboff, H. Grabowski, J. L. Ciranbery, John R. Greason & Son, Wm. C. Greene & Co., Iv .Greenstein, Grififith Brothers, Alfred Gumbiner, Hafner & Kohart, Hamilton &; Hamilton. Hancock, liecker & Co., Groeschdl Harrison, P. Hartmann. Henry C. Haskell. Eldin B. Hay den, A. J. Hedges & Co., Heilbroner. Brandt i^' Stern, A. Held & Co., Heller .^^ Bardel, Henry Henze & Co., Henderson &- Winter, H. Heinrich, 1. Herzog cK: Co.. 142 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE, Maurice Brower, H. Brunner & Sons, Herman Bub, Bugbee & Niles, J. Bulova, C. K. Colby, Cross & Beguelin, Cutler &''Lull, George Cahoone & Co., Carter, Hastings & Howe, Champenois & Co., Joseph L. Chattellier, G. W. Cheever & Co., D. R. Child & Co., W. G. Clark & Co., Cooper & Forman, James L. Crandall, Cohen & Durlacher, Clarke & Co., Edward R. Cohen, Isaac Cole, R. F. Cooke, J. R. Cooper, Ed. Coppersmith, D. R. Corbin, A. J. Corn & Bro., S. Cottle & Co., Cox, Cooper, Ward & Young, Luther H. Crockett, Dealers in Jewelers' Supplies, John W. F.' Ellers, B. Eckstein & Co., Empire Jewelry Mfg. Co., Engelfried, Braun & Weidmann, Freeman Engley & Co., Doggett & Clapp, A. Davidofif, Solomon Davidson, B. H. Davis & Co., Day, Clark & Co., G. A. Dean & Co., August F. De Jonge^ J. Frank Hill, Holmes & Lucas, Geo. W. Holske & Co.. ' George H. Horth, Joseph H. Horton, Howard & Cockshaw, Hoyt, Geiger & Co., Hubbard & Co., George Huber, Hunt & Fuller,, Hunter Bros., Hurd Bros., W. O. Hutchins & Co., Hutchinson & Huestis, R. H. IngersoU & Bro., Randel, Baremore & Billings, Leon P. Jeanne, Joseph A. Jergen, Paul Jeanne, Jung, Staiger & Klitz, Jewelers' Tool Dealers, Jewelry Polishers, Jewelers' Review, Jewelry and Morocco Case Dealers, Tohn R. Keim, Chas. Killer & Co., John Keller, R. Keller, Kent & Stanley Co., Wm. R. Kerr & Co., Ketcham & McDougall, Wm. Kinscherf. Kipper, Vogel & Co., Mowr}'- Kirby Co., M. Klugherz, Charles Knapp, John A. Knoeller, F. Kohn, Krementz & Co., H. Kroll & Co., Chas. Kahn, N. Kaplan, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'AKADE. 143 Downey c^ Keller, Durand & Co., Duryea Co., William Duteniple & Co., Falkenau, Oppenheimer & Co., Joseph H. Fink & Co., H. Finklestein, S. E. Fisher & Co., R. Fleig & (:o., Fletcher, Burrows & Co., Flint, Blood & Co., j. A. Flomerfelt & Co., Stephen L. Folger, Foster & Bailey, Fowler Bros.. Martin Frank & Co., E. L Franklin & Co.. B. S. Freeman & Co., Eugene Freiberger, Freeman Bros., French & Franklin Alfg. Co., Albert Fretmd, M. Freundenberg, L. Freidberger, T. G. Frothingham & Co., (iorham Mfg. Co., A. S. Garner & Co., Robert S. Gatler, Geoffrey & Co., Mount & Wood hull, Globe Jewelry Co., Henry Glorieux. Mayers & Mueller, S. F. Aleyers & Co., John B. Murphy, R. L. Moorehead & Co., R. Monterossa, Mockridge Sterling Co., M. Miller, James M. Miller. George J. Miller, Carl Aliiler, ITcnry Karsch, A. R. Katz &: Co., Katzin & Piaskin, Frederick Kaufman, William A. Keckel, Luther & Co., W'm. Luther & Son, G. E. Lulhcr & Co., H. Ludwig Co., A. Lountlsl)ury & Son, E. L. Logee & Co., P. & A. Linton, Link, Angell & Weiss, Lincoln, 15acon & Co.. H. C. Lindol, Lieberfreund & Weinreb, Leys, Trout & Co., Lewis, Wessel & Leward, S. M. Lewis & Co., Lewis Bros., Martin D. Levy, Charles M. Levy, G. H. Leonhardt, John D. Lennon, The Lenau Co., H. Lehr & Co., L L. Lehwess, S. Lederer & Bro., Samuel Lawson, Lausheim Bros., Larter, Elcox & Co., R. Seidel, Charles Seidel, C. W. Sedgwick, O. Schwencke, R. H. Schweicherl & Co., Schroeder & Granborn, James G. Scholcfield, D. M. Schoenfeld, L. Schoenberg, Schmitt & h'rey, M. Schiff. 144 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Carl Mezger, H. D. Merritt & Co., S. K. Merrill & Co., Albert Mente, Meerbott Alfg. Co., Mayhew & Carrington, Maxheimer & Beresford, John T. ^lauran Mfg. Co., Marx Kossuth Jewelry Co., Martin, Copeland & Co., Marden & Ketley, Marco & Co., W. A. MaUiet, C. G. MalHet & Co., Joseph C. Maigne, Magerhaus & Brokaw. Nordt & Heppding. Ludwig Nissen & Co., W. Nicholson, New York Watch Co., J. F. Newman, Newwitter & Rosenheim, A. Neimian, Bernard Netz, Ostby & Barton Co., H. Z. & H. Oppenheimer. Richard Oliver & Bloomfield, Obermeyer & Lang, Providence Stock Co., J. N. Provenzano, F. A. Prince & Co., Saul Prager, S. C. Powell, Porter & Bluffington, F. Porzer, W. L. Pollock & Co., Plainville Stock Co., A. Pinover & Co., Clarence L. Pierce, Pearce, Kiu^sh & Co.. Parks Bros. &: Rogers, Palmer &: Ca])ron, E. Scheflfer, Robert Schoefer, Edward F. Sanford, Meyer Sampson, George O. Street & Sons, Jacob Strauss & Sons, Stone Bros., Stites Jewelry Co., J. Sterseher, Louis Stern, Sterling Mfg. Co., Springer & Hacker, Isaac Spiner, M. Spindler & Co., Spier & Lorsheim, W. C. Spaulding, D. S. Spaulding, Snow & Westcott, Wm. Smith & Co., Warren G. Smith & Co., T. L Smith & Co., H. L. Smith, C. Sidney Smitli, Sloan & Co., Sinnock & Sherrill, R. F. Simmons & Co., Tiffany & Co., Thresher, Waite & Co., Trier Bros., Thomas Totten & Co., E. B. Thornton & Co., Thornton Bros., Philipp Thoma, Tenner & Baum, Taylor & Son, Tarrant & Grismond, L'nger Bros., G. L. \'oss & Co., Whiting ^Nlfg. Co., ^^'ortz & Voorhis, \\'oodside Sterling Co.. (^rilliert A. \\'oglom. JORGE J. SHABIRV. \VILLIAM S. MEKSEREAU. En\VAKD L. MOLINEUX. sam'l \V. FAIRCHILD. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 145 A. A. Pace, L. Ouenzer, T .Ouayle & Co., Rudolph Ruetiman, Rubenstcin Bros., Rothschild Bros., T. M. Rossi, George H. Rosenblatt, D. Rosenbanm, Charles Rose, Ripley Howland IMfg-. Co., Riley. French & Heffron. j. \\". Richardson, Enos Ricliardson & Co.. E. Ira Richards & Co., Bernard Rice & Son, 1). I. Reynolds & Son, Renommee Mfg. Co., Regnell, Bigney & Co., Reeves & Silcocks, Read & Lincoln, Rees, Zimmer & Rees, Rainess Bros., Rich, Bonner & Co.. Stern Bros. & Co., Simons Brothers & Co., F. Shnldenfrel, N. M. Shephard & Co., Shafer & Douglas, Sevd & Co., Louis Witsenhausen, Williams & Payton, C. B. Wilkinson, James C. Wilkins, Charles Wild, D. Wilcox & Co., Wlghtman 8z. Hough Co., Wiener Brothers, Sidney T. White, Hayden W. Wheeler & Co. H. Wexel & Co., Wendel »S: Co., Charles Weller & Co., L H. Weinberg, Leopold Weil 8c Co., W. E. Webster & Co., Sexton Brothers, Watson & Newell, G. K. Webster, W^aterman & Lehniann, Edwin D. W^ashburne & Co., Thomas M. W^ard, Wade, Davis & Co., Young & Sterns, Wm. Zinunermann, Chas. F. Wood & Co. O. C. Deveraux & Co.. S. Dotenheim & Co., Thomas J- Dow, \\'illiam Downev. THE DRUG, PAINT, OIL AND CHEMICAL TRADES. Marshal, MAJOR-GENERAL EDWARD L. MOLINEUX, Chief of Staff, ANDREW B. ROGERS. Samuel W. Bowne, Sturgis Coffin, STAFF. Henry Dalley, J^., F. W .Fink,' 146 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE W. S. Mersereau, Geo. R. Hillier, Brent Good, John J. Riker, Theo. Weicker, C. L. Williston, John McKesson, Jr., Horatio C. King, David E. Green, Geo. A. Mever, Isaac V. S. Hillier, Wm. S. Douglass, A. Klipstein, James A. Webb, A. B. Garner, Geo. W. Fortmeyer. John Clay, Darwin R. James, Francis E. Dodge, A. F. Braidtch, B. T. Fairchild, W. R. Peters. AHjES. Wm. De Zelier, David E. Green, jr. Wm. Jay Schieffelin, Arthur A. Stilwell, Edward G. Wells, Henry B. Piatt, Geo. W. Kemp, Wm. D. Faris, Saml. G. Moneypenny, FIRST SECTION. Geo. J. vSeabury, Commanding. STAFF. Frank H. Sloan, H. B. Harding, James Hartford, James H. Taft, Jr., Whitney Lyon, James L. Morgan, Jr. AIDES. John F. Queeny. Schuyler Schieffelin, G. Clinton McKesson, John B. Ladd, Sidney M. Colgate, E. L. Kalbfleisch, C. Graham Bacon, Jr. S. H. Carragan, F. M. Patrick, SECOND SECTION. James E. Horner, Commanding. STAFF. Albert H. Tatum, Charles Downer, Fred M. Robinson, W. W. Tamyln, Edward Young, Jr., F. A. Martens. AIDES. Husfh Peters. Fred. G. Meyer, THE ORIiAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 147 Thos. F. Main, H. T. Jarrett, Albert Bruen, W. A. Hamman, ■' Isaac H. Coffin, Chas. H. Rutherford, Dr. H. C. Levis, Runyon Pyatt, Carl Merz, Wm. E. Lucas, W. B. Templeton, R. P. Rowe, Benj. Moore, E. B. Horton, Chas. A. Childs, Chas. H. Pearce, Robt. P. Wilson, Geo. F. Henry, Russell Parker, Henry C. Valentine, W. I.' Walker, A. V. Hart. Geo. A. Thayer, TPHRD SECTION. Samuel W. Fairchikl, Commandinjj. STAFF. j. Frank Green, 0. H. Jadwin, W. H. Wickhani, H. M. Polhemus, Otto P. Amend, W.'H. Raser. AIDES. M. G Foster. FOURTH SECTION. Chas. H. Patrick, Commanding. STAFF. 1. L. Lersner, Philip J. Tilden, M. D. Egar, J. A. Elmendorf, Frank DeRonde, Harry B. Smith. AIDES. J. A. McMicken, Jr. FIFTH SECTION. Walter Longman, Commanding. STAFF. M. Herrmann, G. M. Breinig, Henry Solomon, W. Rosenberg, P. S. Jennings, F. Lavenberg, M. Graliam, Jr., AIDES, L. E. Molineux, Theo. Miller, H. S. Chat field, R. R. Emmins. 148 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. FIRMS IN LINE. Schieffelin & Co.. A. A. Stilwell, H. J. Baker & Bro., Henry B. Piatt, C. N. Crittenton Co., Dodge & Olcott, Lanman Sc Kemp, Merck & Co., A. Klipstein, f'raser Tablet Tril. Co., Scott & Bowne, Powers & Weightman, Geo. Lueders & Co., Humphreys, Homes Co., Seabury & Johnson, R. Hillier's Sons & Co., David E. Green & Co., A. U. Andrus & Co., Archibald & Lewis, The S. H. Wetmore'Co., Max, Baron & Co., Jas. A. Blanchard, Jas. C. Butler & Co., Dillon & Co., Duche & Sons. R. F. Fischer & Co., Fritzsche Bros., F. A. Gilbert, Gardiner & Delafield, Gould Commercial Co., McKesson & Robbins, Thurston & Bradich. Parke, Davis & Co., C. G. Bacon & Co., Ladd & Coffin, Colgate & Co., E. L. Kalbfieisch & Co., Lazell, Dalley & Co.. Solon Palmer, R. W. Robinson & Son, Whitall, Tatum & Co., T. T. Grossmith. Edward Hill, Son & Co., Schoelkoppf, Hartford & McClagen, Acker Medicine Co., Acnine Mfg. Co., A. D. Rheumatism Cure, Adepslanoe Co., A. W. Allen, A. & C. Sanitas Co., American Star Capsule Co., Wm. J. Barker, Dr. Geo. C. Brown & Co., Champlain Mfg. Co., M. Coward, H. P. Crosher, E. Fougera & Co., J. H. Francis, Graefenburg Co., S. S. Stafford, National Remedy Co., Wing & Evans, Tartar Chemical Works, T. & S. C. White, Peek & Velsor, Jas. H. Taft & Co., Alberene Sanitary Stone Co., White Tar Co., J. A. Webb & Son, Chas. Cooper & Co., Chas. Pfizer & Co. F. R. Arnold & Co., F. E. Spiltoir, W. L. Strauss & Co., Henry Allen, Meinicher & Co., Neidlinger Bros., Theo. Ricksecker, Herman Tappan, Ed. Pinaud, Goetting & Co., Lorenz & Co., THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. J 49 Fox, l-'ulz & Co.j J. n. Ilorncr, W. E. EbbiU, D. R. James c\: I'.ro.. Kirby & P)Urkctt, R. \\\ Phair & Co.. Stallman & Fulton, Bichels & Techow, Carter Medicine Co., Maltine Mig. Co., Johnson cK: Johnson, T. C. Morgan & Co.. Norwich Fharmacal Co., Fred'k Stearns & Co., Tarrant & Co., Fairchild Bros. & Foster, Lehn & Fink, Chas. H. Rutherford. jMalhnckrodt Chcni. Co., Bruen Pros. & Ritchey, J. L. Morgan & Co., Coffin, Reddington & Co., Roessler & Hasslacher Co., N. Y. & Boston Dye Wood Co.. (). IF Jadwin, W. H. Raser, H. M. Polhemus. Hall & Ruckel, F. W. Devoe & C. T. Reynolds Co. H. W. Johns Co., Heller & Merz. Rogers & Pyatt, W. F. Lucas, Sondhein, Alsberg & Co., Benj. Moore & Co., Standard Paint Co., A. B. Ansbacher, Ed. Smith & Co., National Lead Co., Mica Roofing Co., Brooklyn White Lead Co., L. C. King & Co., Louis R. Harrison & Co. M. Kalbfleisch Chem. Co. Read, Holliday & Co., Keasby & Mattison Co., Rudisch & Walter, Shering & Glatz, W. R. Warner & Co., Max Zeller, Lasker & Bernsteir, Lebess Sponge Co., A. Isaacs & Co., Hay man n liros., Church & Co. Medical Students, College of Pharmacy, I. F. Baker, C. C). Bigelovv, C. T. Hurlbut, Medical Pu]:)lishing Co., Louis A. Fajardo, Wm. H. Mueller, H. Henning & Son, S. G. McCotter & Co., (ieo. A. Wasson, D. (). Haynes & Co., Bellevue Med. College. Berry Bros., A. E. Filley, Leggett & Bros., W. J. Matheson & Co., E. O. Murdock, N. Y. Shellac Co., Prince Mfg. Co., F. Reichard, A. P>. Ansbacher & Co., W. H. Rankin, J. L( e Smith & Co., Taintor Mfg. Co., Walker Gum Co., D. D. Harrison, Chas. ^fosher & Co., Emil Caiman &: Co.. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Pratt & Lambert, Binney & Smith, F. Bredt & Co., Alsberg & Pepper, Longman & Martinez, Harrison Bros. & Co., Chas. A. Childs & Co., Valentine Varnish Co., Parker, Stearns & Sutton, Standard Varnish Co., Bridgeport Wood Fil. Co., Marx & Rawolle, Wm. Zinsser & Co., Aq. Rich Co., F. Lavenberg, Naval Store Trade Contingent, Taylor Paint Co. J. J. Adams & Co., Campbell & Thayer, E. K. Austin, M. Herrman & Co., Hildreth Varnish Co., Solomon & Schwartz, Ale Caff erty & Holton, Bradley & Smith, Hanlon & Goodman, J. M. C. Martins' Sons, Miles Bros. & Co., Rosenthal & Bro. F. O. Pierce & Co., MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN SUPPLIES FOR STEAM, WATER AND GAS. Colonel, CHARLES H. SIMMONS. Lieut. -Colonel, E. H. OSBORNE. Adjutant, WALTER B. TUFTS. FIRST BATTALION. E. F. Keating, Major. Daniel C. Meyer, Adjutant. SECOND BATTALION. L. F. Merian, Major. J. J. Boyd. Adjutant. FIRMS IN LINE. American Tube Works, Abernderoth & Root Mfg. Co., American Boiler Co., Henry McShane Mfg. Co., National Tube Works Co., Pancoast & Rogers, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 151 American Radiator Co., Fred. Adee Co., Abbott, Wheelock & Co., Am. Tube & Iron Co., Ed. Barr Co., O. Thos. C. Barrows, Morse Burtis, Benedict & Burnham Mfg. Co., Cohoes Tube Works, Cornell, Underbill & Boyd, Crosby Valve Co., R. T. Coombs & Bro., W. G. Creamer & Co., The Crane Co., Dimmock & Fink Co., Dame & Townsend Co., John Davol & Sons. W. & B. Douglas, Eaton, Cole & Burnham, Fox & Engel, Gilbert & Bennett Mfg. Co., E. S. Greely Co., A. A. Griffing Iron Co., W. T. Hiscox & Co., Jaynes & Biagden, Jersey City Galvanizing Co., Wm. Jessop & Sons, E. F. Keating, Kennedy Valve Mfg. Co., Tatham Bros., V. H. Lovel & Co., C. S. Locke & Smith, J. L. Mott Iron Works, McNab & Harlin Mfg. Co., Mayor, Lane & Co., Thos. Maddock & Sons, Miller & Coates, Mineralized Rubber Co., Mercer Co., D. G. Gautier & Co. Barke Bro. & Co., Peck Bros. & Co.. George I. Roberts & Bros., W. H. Robinson, Riverside Iron Works, Ronalds & Co., E. Rutzler, M. Reynolds, Standard Radiator Co., John Simmons Co., Schaeffer & Bundcnberg, H. B. Smith Co., Tin Plate Decorating Co., Silas C. Cook, The Lunkenheimer Co., Tuttle & Bailey Mfg. Co., Haydenville Mfg. Co., Hogan & Son, Thomas S. Oakes, Hendricks Bros., R. E. Carey, Archer & Pancoast Mfg. Co., M. J. Drummond, Randolph & Clowes, McMann & Taylor, Monitor Iron Works, T. R. McMann, Nason Mfg. Co.. C. W. Labagh, Walworth Mfg. Co., Armstrong Mfg. Co.. Colwell Lead Co., Morris, Tasker & Co.. H. E. Thorne, Chas. Harrison & Co., Wm. Gardain & Son, Denman & Davis, Gilmour Mfg. Co., S. & C. Wardlow, '5- THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. WHOLESALE FISH DEALERS' SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, GEORGE T. MOON. AIDES. Richard Sandyfoot, John Hoffman, August Warner, Samuel Z. Chesebro, WilHam H. Hand, J. N. Harris, Gideon Keeney, Clarence Miller, Abraham Lyons, Lon. Hoyt, Willis H. Rogers, Brooklyn Bridge Free'j Fred. Burfiend, J. W. Campbell, F. M. Comstock, Max Cone, Barney Cone, Cheesbro & Bros., B. W. Davis, J. N. Harris & Co., Post & Son, H. M. Rogers & Co., Willis H. Rogers, Herbert W. Rogers, John Feeny, Samuel T. Store, George H. Lynch, Robert Powell, James Murphy, Albert Comstock. C. H. Cone, Max Cohn, C. M. Post. FIRMS IN LINE. Co. A. W. Haff. Kingsland & Comstocl Lynch & Co., Abraham Lyons, Middleton 8i Carmen. Mintune & Co., S. B. Miller & Co.. Powells & Son, S. J. Skidmore, Warner & Prankett, Wallace & Keenev. J' CROCKERY AND GLASSWARE TRADE ASSOCIATION. Marshal, GEORGE B. JONES. Chief of Staff, GEORGE W. LAWRENCE. THOMAS W. HALL. F. A. M. BURKELL. E. H. CONKLIN. OSCAR SCHERER. J. ROBERTSON. CHAS. E. HAUSELT. JAMES B. DEWSON. NORMAN I. REES. ROBERT R. WILLETTS. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. 153 AIDES. G. W. Lawrence, chief; E. F. Anderson, Benjamin Unger, Henry Witte, H. Seigel, H. M.Vilker, James Dobbs, William 'i'aylor, W. E. Gard^ C. S. Holbrook, Captain C. J. Seiter, M. C. Murray, John Miller. FIRMS IN LINE. H. S. Almy & Co., American Lamp & Brass Co., Geo. T. Bassett & Co., Bawo & Dotter, Bradley & Hulbert, Bristol Brass & Clock Co., Brooklyn Brass Mfg. Co., Cox & Day, Consolidated Lamp & Globe Co.. Davison Bros., Dithige & Co., H. H. Goddard, Oscar Goerke, G. W. Hunter, Hinrichs & Co., Haide Lamp & China Co., Johnson Bros., Lee &: Demarest, John Maddock & Co., Edward Miller & Co., Matthews & Willard, William R. Noe, Plume & Atwood Mfg. Rowland & Marcelius, J. R. Robertson. Edward Rorke & Co., Rochester Lamp Co., Robert Slimmon & Co. L. Strauss & Sons, S. Steman, Thomas H. Taylor, William Pitcairn, George Walker, John Wygand, Wicke & Pye, Edward Boote. ^ HIDE AND LEATHER SOUND MONEY ASSOCIATION. President, EDWARD R. LADEW. Marshal, COLONEL EUGENE H. CONKLIN. 154 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. SPECIAL AIDES. Capt. James B. Dewson, Chief; Norman I. Rees, Thomas W. Hall, Erasmus Sterling, F. A. M. Btirrell, B. J. Salomon, William G. Hoople, James R. Plum, R. R. Willets, H. Wallerstein, Hon. Chas. A. Schieren, B. H. Cary, Charles E. Hauselt, Richard Young, William Tepel, William L. Mofifat, John Lapham, Lewis Porter, George Watson, Charles M. Vail, Charles A. Schieren, Jr., D. T. Stevens, A. L. Knight, Julius Robertson, William McCarroll, D. K. Valentine. Leopold Rossbach, M. S. Barnett, Gustav Binger, Julius Harburger, John McDermott, F. F. Cutler, Frank Duryea, G. B. Horton, Josiah Tubby, J. Harvey Ladew, Charles Lee, Jesse Spaulding, D. S. Ramsey, S. P. Mendel, J. K. Cilley, Theodore Hoyt, Fred. Hammond, Walter Garrett, Alfred Camacho, George Hoyt, Joseph Hecht, F, Sulzberger, Renwick Spear, J. H. Lockwood, Oscar Scherer, William Palen. BATTALION COMMANDERS. First, Arthur F. Rees; Second, Henry Moody; Third, S. A. Dickerson; FIRMS William H. Addoms & Co., H. J. Abels, Ackerman, Son & Brununel. American Leather Co., Armstrong Leather Co., J. Brissel & Son, Justus L. Bulkley, Boston & New York Cut Sole Co., T. S. Barnet & Bro., Fourth, F. W. Brooks; Fifth, Clififord Lutkins. IN LINE. Thomas V. Johnson, H. Koster, Kellogg & Shedden, Kneck, Mosser & Co., F. Kaufman & Co., A. L. Knight & Co., John Loyd, J. R. Leesen & Co., Theo. L. Lutkins, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 155 Bittel, Tepel & Co., F. Blumenthal & Co., F. J. Blatz & Bro., Booth & Co., Bayer Bros., Chapman & Burt, C. N. Chatfield, Visscher Brown, WilHam Cohn & Co., Robert M. Clare, J. L. Cilley, G. R. Cottrell & Co., Dunlap Machiner}- Co., Dickerson & Spence, John Dunphy & Sons, Stephen D. Day, James B. Dewson, B. M. Day, George Evans & Son, Filers & Movius Leather Co., J. Einstein, B. Frank & Sons, D. B. Fleming, Fayenveather & Ladew, J. Frowenfeld, C. B. Fosdick & Sons, Joseph Godfrey, Thos. Garnar «&: Co., A. Herman, W. Helmrath, Haubner & Heller, Hall, Haight & Co., Hillen, Bearhope & Co., William Howard Hoople, Charles Hauselt, Berthold Hahn, A. L. Harris & Co., Hess & Harburger, Joseph Hecht & Sons, Henry I. Hull, T. W. Jenkins & Co., Johnstone & Buckley, A. J. Marcus & Co., Myers & Gordon, McDermott & Howard, Mulford, Gary & Conklin, New York Counter Co., E. Neuman, Allen Orr & Co., Pfister & Vogel, J. Paskusz & Son, Page Belting Co., Plum & Gale, Fred. W. Pickard, R. B. Reinhardt, Hans Rees' Sons, L. F. Robertson & Sons, Rockwell Leather Co., Rutter & Turner, Rosenberg, Happ & Siegle, Windmuller & Roelker, Rossbach & Bros., Shattuck & Binger, Charles Scharbach, Stewart &: Potter Co., Eugene B. Sanger, E. B. Stimpson & Son, Sellman & Co., James Stewart, Walter Stevenson, Solomon & Phillips, Sidney New, Chas. A. Schieren & Co., Schwarzchild & Sulzberger, Stein Co., Erasmus Sterling, Leopold Taub, Talbot & Farfar, PL E. & C. D. Williams, D. Wallerstein, Henry Werner Co., Welles & Welles, A. R. Weber, Richard Young. 156 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. SHOE TRADE SOUND MONEY ASSOCIATION. Marshal. DANIEL P. MORSE. AIDES. F. H. Lockwood, of Powell & Campbell. N. C. Fisher, of Nathaniel Fisher & Co. E. W. Bigelow, of the Bay State Shoe and Leather Co. James A. Bell, of Park, Bell & Co. Thomas M. Brown, of the Manhattan Shoe Co. Clinton Elliott, of Wallace, Elliott & Co. John H. Hannan, of Harman & Son. E. C. Thayer, of Claflin, Thayer & Co. BATTALION COMMANDERS. First, F. H. Lockwood; Second, N. C. Fisher; Third, E. W. Bigelow; Fourth, James A. Bell. FIRMS IN LINE. A. J. Bates & Co., J. Irving Benedict & Son, Boston Rubber Shoe Co., Bay State Shoe & Leather Co., E. C. Burt & Co., Claflin, Thayer & Co., J. & T Cousins, N. Fisher & Co., T. E. Greacen, James Huggins & Bro., Hathaway, Soule & HaiTington, Hanan & Son, J. K. Kreig & Co., Morse & Rogers, Manhattan Shoe Co., Merritt, Elliott & Co., Wm. Morse & Co., Magovern & Thompson Bros. William Neely, Park, Bell & Co., Powell & Campbell, Powell Bros. & Co., A. S. Richards «Sc Co.. E. E. Spencer 8i Co., St. John-Kirkham Co., George Silver & Son, A. Sessler & Co., United States Rubber Co., Wallace, Elliott & Co., S. Waterbury & Son, W. J. Young. JOHN 1. HOWE. D. E. MANTON. BENJ. F. HART. EDWIN J. GILLIES. WILLIAM WILLS. A. G. REED. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. WEST SIDE MERCHANTS' SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, COLONEL B. FRANKLIN HART. Adjutant-General, D. E. MANTON. AIDES, James N. Watchcll, W. G. Delaniater, William Jeffreys, John J. Walton, L. F. Pettie. T. J. Outerbridge, James Roreland, Frank Sitting, H. T. Nichols, A. Wiley, D. W. Whitmore, A. G. Reed, C. F. Glimm, A. D. Marks, B. Franklin Hart, Jr. BATTALION COMMANDERS. 157 Francis H. Leggett, N. De Wulf. Henry Heide, W^ B. Winslow, John Guth, John K. Lasher, James Dennison, MacDonough Craven, W. B. A. Jurgens, M. B. Miner,'' M. Rittenhouse, L. Schepp, William Gamble, Orlando S. McCabe, John W. Nix, First, George W. Case; Second, John I. Howe ; Third, Edward W. Depew; Fourth, E. J. Gillies. FIRMS IN LINE. Adams & Howe, Austin, Nichols & Co., American Grocery Co., Max Ames, Roger Bainbeer & Co., Brown & De Winter, F. C. Barder & Co., Brown & Rittehouse, J. S. Barron & Co., E. A. Brown & Co., Callanan & Kent, Droste & Snyder, S. B. Dovvnes & Co., John K. Lasher & Bro., Robert Lyle, J. & G. Lippman, W. H. Liscomb & Co.. E. P. Loomis & Co., John S. Martin & Co., L. B. Miller & Son, Smith & McNeil, Merchants" Cold Storage Co., National Exchange Bank, Charles F. Mattlage & Sons, Nichols Bros., John Nix & Co., 158 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. R. J. Dean & Co., W. E. Duryea & Son, Egbert & Case, Enyard & Godley, Charles H. Fanches, J. Fitzpatrick, Gibson & Lange, Wm. Gamble & Co., Hunter, Walker & Co., David Hunt & Co., D. B. Halstead, Hills Bros., Henry HeidQ^ Wm. Hines & Co., Hurt & Bro., Irving National Bank, Hugo Josephy, Irving Savings Bank, W. B. A. Jurgens, Koenig & Schuester, Francis H. Leggett & Co., Leggeman Bros., Louden & Johnson, S. S. Long & Co., John H. Newton, James Row^land & Co., A. L. & J. J. Reynolds, A. G. Reed, F. E. Rosebach & Co., R. B. Shinier & Co., J. D. Seout & Co., Louis Scheff, Sonn Bros., John S. Starin, Thomas Stokes, John Thallon, Timmer & Dunkak, F. B. Thurber, Titus Bros., George B. Whetmore & Co. Wright, Depevv & Co., Willey, Brush & Co., N. Waterbury, John A. Willett & Co., Thomas P. Wallace, M. I. Young & Co., A. F. Young & Co., Fitch, Rowland & Co. J- SADDLERY AND HARNESS TRADE SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, J. NEWTON VAN NESS. AIDES. C. M. Moseman, Wood Gibson, R. S. Luqueer, Smith Worthington, I. H. Harley, Robert Currie, John Peyser, E. F. Beach, W. C. Waldron, F. W. Bonneau, Thomas J. Dunn, Isaac I. StilHngs, J. H. Lafreniere, R. A. Randall, E. A. Whitehouse, J. T. Slingerland, John Moore, WiUiam Mannheim, Elmer Hand, H. C. Willmann, MAURICE VEI r. GRANVILLE F. DAILEV. PERCn'AL J. BBRNHARD. JOHN L. BAKER. JAMES M. BINGHAM. EDWIN BARTON BASSETT. W. P. WALTON. JOSEl'H SCHULTZ. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 159 N. J. Demarest, Peters & Calhoun, Henry Aschenbach, Caleb C. Bartley, Harmer Hoys, Charles F. Aschenbacli. Henry Aschenback, Charles F. Aschenback, Philip Bohner & Son, C. C. Bartley, John Bea, E. F. Beck & Co., F. W. Bomieau, & Co., Edward Bach, Curtis Manufacturing- Co. Robert Currie, Thomas J. Dunn, N. J. Demarest & Co., D. Eberle & Son, Eagle Winker Mfg. Co., Gausler & Starr Co., Henry J. Gardner, Harmon Hays & Co., Hilbron Harness Agency. J. S. Harley, Harris & Nixon, R. S. Luqueer &• Co.. John Larkin, J. H. Lafrinere, C. M. Moseman & Bro., John Moore & Co., Frank Miller Co., Wm. Manheim & Co.. D. Eberle, C. H. E. Redding, Edward Bach, Henry J. Garner, Nicholas Van Ness. FIRMS IN trlNE. Martin & Martin, J. Newton Van Ness Co., No. Ohio Blanket Co., Newark Saddlery Co., Osborn & Burke, L. S. Osborn & Co., Peters & Lathum Co., John Peyser & Sons, Remsen Manufacturing Co., C. H. E. Redding, Smith Worthington & Co., Saddlery Hardware jMfg. Co. I. I. Stillings, H. Steffins & Co., Smith Bros., J. T. Slingerland, The Royal Harness Co., Tompkins & Mandervalle, Vail Bros., J. V. Walden & Bro., E. A. Whitehouse, Wiener & Co.. Winters & Wies, Whitman Saddle Co., Wood & Gibson, H. C. Wellmann & Sons. MILLINERY TRADE REPUBLICAN CLUB. Marshal, COLONEL JOHN L. BAKER. Adjutant, WILLIAM C. MORRIS. i6o THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE Commander of First Division, WILLIAM H. CARPENTER. Commander of Second Division, WILLIAM P. WALTON. STAFF. Granville F. Dailey, Chief; H. A. Searle, James G. Johnson, J. M. Bingham, Thomas J. Colton, Simon Stolz, B. Hirsh, Max Mindheim, Thomas H. Wood, Henry K. Motley, S. E. Japha, Carl Callmann, L. Stadecker, J. Emsheimer, J. Schultz, H. Hoffheimer, Frank Comey, A. B. Ryker, J. S. Hart. P. J. Bernhard, B. Veit, T. W. Hynes, E. J. Knowlton, Henry Fatton, E. F. Knowlton, B. Kaufman, P. Isler, C. II. Guye, E. B. Bassett, F. Blumenthal, H. Sinauer, S. Steinfelder, Albert Shumway, Charles Beers, George Legg, J. Heimann. M. Lichten. Lorenzo Cutler, H. A. Fames, W. Henry, Samuel Zeimer, Charles S. LaVake, C. W. Sawyer, L. Metzger, Henry Ide, S. Mandel, Daniel Miller, Robert Thompson, William H. Hill, S. C. Hill, S. B. Hill, Thomas Sullivan, James Drew, John Dunphy, J. A. Paterson, W. R. Ellis, B. Stearns, John Donat, G. Taylor, J. H. Holmes, H. Mayer, C. Schmidt, William T. Erickson, C. S. Burr, M. Hecht, F. Gotthold, H. Dawes, W. J. Brett, H. S. Gilman, .Samuel Schiff, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. i6i F. Bianchi, A. M. Levy, A. Bader, John Miles, J. George Johnson, S. Denzer. First BattaHon, F. D. Edsall, 40 companies. Second Battahon, Charles W. Farmer, 70 companies. Third Battalion, Maurice Veit, 50 companies. Fourth Battalion, J. H. Baker, 80 companies. Fifth Battalion, Walter Park, 50 companies. Sixth Battalion, Chas. A. Coates, 45 companies. NAMES OF FIRMS. John L. Baker, P. J. Bernhard & Son, Ballut & Co., W. J. Brett & Co., E. P. Bassett & Sons, Blumenthall & Steiner, F. Bianchi, A. Bader, Carl Callman, Comey & Co., J. Donat & Co., S. Denzer, H. A. Fames, Erickson & Stewart, H. Fatton & Co., Hirsch & Park, H. Hofifheimer & Co., F. Gotthold & Co., Heimann & Lichten, T. W. Hynes & Co., L. Henry & Co., Hill Bros., J. H. Holmes, Hermann & Guinzberg, Henry Ide, J. G. Johnson & Co., S. E. Japha, Isler & Guye, B. Kaufman, Wm. Knowlton & Sons, Kimmerle & Dawes, Libbey & Ryker, Geo. Legg, Max Mindheim, L. Metzger & Co., S. Mandel. John Miles, J. A. Patterson, Searle, Dailey & Co., Stolz & Weir, Stadecker & Emsheimcr, J. Schultz & Co., H. Sinaur & Co., Steinfelder & Rosenblatt, A. Shumway & Son, Sullivan, Drew & Co., Sawyer & Gilman, Stearns & Spingarn, Sclmiidt & Maxim, S. Schiff & Co., Samuels & Meur, James Thomas. G. Taylor, Joseph Hart. Veit, Son & Co.. T. H. Wood & Co., , Wurzberger & Hecht, Zeimer & l^>ldstein, A. Plirsch & Co., l62 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. HARDWARE TRADE SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, ALFRED D. CLLXCH. Assistant Mars-hals, GEORGE F. WIEPERT and COL. H. K. WHITE. Edward H. Darville, William H. Cole, William E. Sabin, AIDES. Ira E. Douglass, James F. Handy, David C. Balch. FIRMS Allerton Clarke Co., Atlas Tack Corporation, Bridgeport Brass Co., E. Bissell, Son & Co., Baeder, Adamson & Co., S. Ballard Rubber Co., P. & F. Corbin, Collins & Co., Dunham, Carrigan & Hayden Co., The Fairbanks Co., J. H. Graham & Co., Greene, Tweed & Co., U. T. Hmigerford, H. L. Judd & Co., Livingston Horse Nail Co., Lewis & Conger, J. C. McCarty & Co., S. M. Aikman & Co., Ansonia Brass & Copper Co., Ausable Horse Nail Co., American Axe & Tool Co., Walter Adams, H. Boker & Co., Bruce & Cook, G. P. Benjamin, Brooklyn Hardware Supply Co., Biddle Purchasing Co., H. Behr & Co.. Brass Goods INIanufacturing Co., Central Stamping Co., IN LINE. Maltby, Henley & Co., Montgomery & Co., Plume & Atwood Mfg. Co., Patterson, Harrall & Gray, Russell & Envin Mfg. Co., Reading Hardware Co.. Sargent & Co., Sickels, Sweet & Lyon, Smith, Lyon & Field, Surpless, Dunn & Co., Topping Bros., Underbill, Clinch & Co., Union Nut & Bolt Co., White, Van Glahn & Co., Waterbury Brass Co., Whitman & Barnes ^Mfg. Co. Yale & Towne jNIfg. Co. J. T. McCoy, H. B. Newhall Co., Northampton Cutlery Co., Phelps, Dodge & Co., Charles Parker Co., J. T. Pratt & Co., Pauls Bros., W. W. Pryor & Co., W. H. Quinn & Co., M. W. Robinson, J. Russell & Co.. Reilly & Guy, T. W. Kiley & Co., I . 1 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARAUK. 163 J. Cliaitilon & Sons, J. Curley & Bra, Consolidated J-'ruit Jar Co., R. K. Carter, T. F. Cheriton, R. Christensen, Coe Brass Co., Central Expanded }\letal Co., Eagle Lock Co., The Frasse Co., W. B. Fox & Bro., M. Gould's Sons Co., Hartley & Graham, Hardware Publishing Co., E. J. Hussey & Co., Holmes, Booth & Hayden, Hardware Board of Trade, Ironclad Mfg. Co., C. E. Jennings & Co., Lalance & Grosjean Mfg. Co., E. W. Langley, J. H. Low & Co.. Landers, Frany & Clark, Merchant & Co., Maltby-Henley Co., William Mills' & Son, Miller, Sloss & Scott, Miller Falls Co., Schoverling, Daly & (iales, St. Louis Stamping Co., Safety Insul. Wire & Cable Co., Sperry & Alexander, Stanley Works, Shelton & Co., A. A. Thompson & Co., \y. & J. Tiebout, FL A. Thompson & Co., The Iron Age, W. E. Sabin, C. j. Stebbins, Stanley Rule & Level Co., 11. V. Sise, A. G. Sherman, Tower & Lyon, U. S. Net & Twine Co., L^nion Manufacturing (To., Wiebusch & Hilger, \"om ClefT c^- Co., Von Lengerke & Detmold, Van Wagoner Sz Williams Hardware Mfg. Co., Woolley & Baynon Co., F. T. Witte Hardware Co., Peter Ward, Oliver Bros. ^ William Lauterbach, Albert Hochstadter, Benjamin Holzman, William Goldman, THE CLOTHIERS' LEGION. Marshal, MAX ERNST. Adjutant and Chief of Statl^, JOSEPH W. GIBSON. AIDES. Ferdinand Kuhn, Solomon Heller, H. B. Rosenthal, Leo Lippmann, 164 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. L. M. Hornthal, I. H. Levy, Sylvan E. Bier, Cosmond Hammerslough, Marcus M. Marks, Oscar Stiner. BATTALION COMMANDERS. First, DAN LOEB. PL M. Abraham & Bros., M. P. Ansorge, A. Benjamin & Co., S. E. Bier, H. M. Black & Bros., G. Brush & Co., Brokaw Bros., S. J. Chatham Sons & Co., Cohen, Goldman & Co., Cohen, Brown & Co., Dayton & Close, Max Ernst, Harris, Goldberg & Co., Heller & Co.. Halzman Bros., Heller, Rothschild & Lang, S. Hammerslough & Co., J. Hermann, Irving, Alsberg & Co., Jacobs Bros., H. Kratzenstein, H. Kuhn & Sons, C. Kenyon & Co., J. Klein & Co., Second, J. A. SCRIVEN. FIRMS IN LINE. Leslur, Whitman 81 Co., L. Lippmann & Sons, H. R. Levy & Co., D. Marks & Sons, M. Mamlock & Son, Newborg, Rosenberg & Co., Rogers, Peet & Co., H. B. Rosenthal & Co., Schloss & Pratel, J. Solomon & Sons, Ch. J, Schloss & Co., Stiner, Strauss & Hyman, Stern, Falk & Co., L. M. Younken, Son & Co., Hammerslough Bro., David Marks & Son, Alf. Benjamin & Co., Fechheimer, Fishel & Co., Heller, Rothschild & Son, C. Key on & Co., Hackett, Carhart & Co., James R. Wilde, Jr., & Co., Peck & Handhorne. HAT TRADE SOUND MONEY AND GOOD GOVERNMENT CLUB. Marshal, CLAUDIUS F. BEATTY. Adjutant and Chief of Staff, C. W. THOM. E. I. \-AN SICKLE. WILLIAM I'. MONTAGUE. EMU. RINKE. CHAS. E. KEATOR. C. F. liEATTV. JOHN A. nERMOD\'. E. DENZER. T. WAl SH. WILLIAM ROWLAND. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. X65 Joseph W. Bray, William Marshall, Harry Hall, Joe Knight, J. J. Borth, George O'Brien, William Rowland, Al. Bickner, A. L. Ehardt, William J. Dixon, J. O. F. McKce, William Logan, David Fenney, William Grossman, W. T. Walsh, Chas. Eichhold, William Walforth, William Waring, Morris Lonergan, William Hall, William Burtenshaw, D. F. Sullivan, W. S. Farnum, AIDES. James L. Garr, Thomas Dufify, H. Creighton, James Kerr, F. Grundeman, Jr., Louis J. Weil, C. E. Keator, B. Young, E. Sinsheimer, Nathan Roberts, J. W. Gamp1)ell, Albert Lenhart, F. R. Lefferts, Jr., Frank Stevens, Richard F. Hayes, F. K. De Ghutkowski, G. W. Phipps, Fred. Grane, H. G. Post, Henry Untiedt, Edward Hirsch, G. G. Reed, P. McElroy. Algeo & Brittain, Asch & Jaeckel, J. J. Booth, R. E. Bonar & Go., Bill & Galdwell, Bettaire. Lurch & Co., A. Beckner, Martin Bates, Jr., & Co., E. V. Gonnett, Jr., William Carroll & Co., M. S. Cornell & Co., The Celluloid Co., Denzer, Goodhart iS: Co., Dunlap & Co., Dutchess Hat Works, Mark Davis, FIRMS IN LINE. Eller Bros. & Hall, Edellroff & Rinke, Eichhold & Miller, Freeman Bros., E. E. Francis & Co., R. & A. Fulcher, D. Fenny, Ferry & Napier, G. Goldstein & Sons, Jonas & Naumberg, J. Knight, Kuhn & Troy. Kornfeld & Co., D. B. & H. M. Lester, Charles Levy's Sons, W. Logan, i66 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. D. Lippman, Liistig Bros., H. Lichenstein & Sons, Maynard & Co., J. P. McGovern & Bros., Wm. Menkoff, J. F. McKee, G. O'Brien, Orang-? Hatters, W. Rowland, R. M. Re: nolds, Roberts, Cnshman & Co., H. H. Rollofs & Co., Sullivan, Corrigan & Co., C. F. Seitz & Son, J. Robinson, Stake & Eldridge, Sleethard & Sanford, S. Simonson, Thorn & Bayley, C. H. Tenney & Co., G. F. Tilge & Co., Woolley & Crane, Walhizer & Dreyer, Wheeler & Russell Hat Comj^auj Wimpheimer & Co., Waring- Hat Co., Zeman Bros. THE CLOAK AND SUIT TRADE SOUND MONEY ASSOCIATION. Marshal, CAPT. ABE H. HERTS. Al. FViedlander, Maurice Rothschild, J. Henry Rothschild, Benjamin Indig, Mark Aronson, Benjamin & Caspary, Asch & Jaeckel, Blumenthal Bros. & Co., G. Blum & Bro., D. Black Cloak Co., Bernard Levy & Co., Cloak and Suit Review, J. & M. Cohn, Jacob Erlich & Co., Eagle Wrapper Co., Empire Cloak & Suit Co. A. Friedlander & Co., Freedman Bros., Felsenheld & Hirschbein, M. Goldberg & Co., AIDES. G. Harry Abbott, Ralph Blum, John E. Dillon, Fred Blatt. FIRMS IN LINE. Heller, Dinkelspiel & Co., Honeyman & Co., Indig, Berg & Co., Julius Stein & Co., J. T, Johnson & Co., Meyer Jonasson & Co., Perlstein & Bierhofif, S. Rothschild & Bro., Richman, Sclimidt & Wolfif, S. F. & A. Rothschild, J. C. Stratton & Co., David Stern & Co., Thomas Bros.. Wurzburger, Goldsmith 8z Co. Weinberg & Phillips. G. HAKRV ABBOTT. Ei. INDIG. J. E. DILLON. ABE H. HERTS. IREDERICK BLATT. ALBERT I'.LU.MENTIL^L. J. HENKY ROTHSCHILD. RALPH BLU.M. A. fRIEDLANDER. THE GRKAT SOUND MONEV I'ARADE. I 67 RUBBER TRADE REPUBLICAN AND SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal, T. L. GIL LAI AN. W. D. nio<)d,s40od, James A. Little, James Filor, E. Hillyer, Jr., C. H. Peace, Wm. T. Baird, James Brotherton, A. AUerton, A. W. Phillips, AIDES. N. Cha])iiiau and J. Sweeney. CAPTAINS. Charles Jost, Charles H. Dale, Joseph Miller, H. H. Cypher, James Kipp, C. C. Miller, Thomas Taltraith, Frank (irody. FIRMS IN LINE. Butler Hard Rubber Co., Columbia Rubber Works Co., Coronado Rubber Co., Enterprise Rubber Mfg. Co., Eureka Fire Hose and Rubber Co., Goodyear Rubber Co., Goodyear Rubber Mfg-. Co., Gutta Percha and Rubber Mfg. Co., Home Rubber Co., Imperial Rubber Co., India Rubber Comb Co., International R. C. and G. S. Co., India Rubber World. Mattson Rubber Co., Metropolitan Rubber Co., New Jersey Car Spring and Rubber Co. New York Commercial Co., N. Y. Belting and Packing Co., Peerless Rubber Manufacturing Co.,. Penn Rubber Co. , Simpson & Beers, U. S. Rubber Co. Wm. Cummings & Son, WEST SIDE RETAIL DEALERS. Marshal, WILLIAM A. MAAS. Captain Ira S. Garian, Chief; Colonel Joseph E. Aluhling, AIDES. Thomas E. Coughlen, M. Hallidav, i68 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Henry Hubbell, Frank Rose, Henry Rudine, William R. Clendenin^ John Doran, Henry Muhling, John R. Brady, Theodore Onstead, Andrew Newkirk, Isaac H. Fuhn, Frank Demety, James Allison, Henry C. Burdett, Kirk McNair, Frank Minor, Christian Gotys, Albert Allison, James Allison, Henry C. Burdett, Bacon & Sons, Edward Brady, John M. Brig-ht, Henry Budine, Thomas H. Coughlan, Sr. Thomas C. Coughlan, Jr., Edward Doran, L. Giezig, J. S. Garland, M. HalHday, Frederick Horn, Chas. Halliday, John Hopkins. Mallon B. Hubbel. Henry Hoops & Co., O. Koehler, Herman Levy, Jacob Levy, Peter Lang, Henry Meyer, H. Altmeyer, Colonel William Johnson, Henry C. Pucy. CAPTAINS. Albert E. Philipe, Samuel Rosenberg, Patrick C. Roach, Jacob B. Stewart, Herman Levy, George W. Goss, Henry W. Hoops, Henry Baker, Henry Homaine, John W. Dood, Henry Meyers, Edwin Zimmermann, [oe Mitchell. FIRMS IN LINE. Kirk McNair. Frederick Minor, Wm. A. Maas, Joseph E. Muehling, H. S. Nelson, A. Newkirke, Theodore Orm stead, A. Phillips, Henry Romaine, Frank Rose, Razzettii Bros., Chas. H. Ruegger, S. Rosenberg, Charles Stegir, J. P. Stewart, Harry Siccardi, Jacob Velters, Charles Wright, Peter H. Walsh, John Walsh, Wm. Whitmore, [ohn Waldorfer. THE GRF.AT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 169 UNITED ITALIAN BUSINESS MEN'S LEAGUE. Marslial, JAMES E. MARCH. AIDES. Frank Pitelli, W illiam l\ Sheeliau, Charles Pascovelli. The division included nearly all of the principal Italians of New York City. There were no laborers included, the trades and callings represented being- barbers, saloon keepers, contractors, lawyers, doctors, and bakers. WHOLESALE FURNITURE TRADE. Marshal, JAMES A. GRAY. BATTALION COMMANDERS. First— Col. R. J. EHLERS. Second— WILLIAM F. CADE. FIRMS IN LINE. A. E. Barnes & Brother, Meis & Klan, E. P. Chrichester, Napanee Furniture Company, P. Derby, Rcilly Company, R. J. Ehlers, J. B. Ryer, Frost Veneer Seat Company, Ranney Refrie^erator, T. D. Fisher, Strochcim & Son, F"isher & Dumhalt, P. Schneider, Sons & Co., William F. Cade, M. &. H. Schrankeisen, M. Grossman, M. F. & T. E. Schrenkeisen, T. Goll, P. Stroke, Heywood Brothers, J. Stein & Co., Hymann & Co., Tlirop, Hermann Furniture Company. VV. F. Whitney Chair Company, Kankakee Furniture Company, Yager & Timme. 170 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. WHOLESALE SHIRT, COLLAR AND NECKWEAR MAKERS AND HABERDASHERS. Marshal— W. SCRIVEN. Adjutant— CHARLES J. CONNELLY. First Battalion— THOMAS B. ALDRICH, Major. Second Battalion— HARRY CCRTIS. Major. STUDENTS OF THE COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Marshal— MAURICE SIMMONS. Associate Marshals— MR. HOLTON, M. J. ELGAS, MR. KENNEDY, AIDES. George F. Stahl, David Aronson, Clarence A. Sparks, Edward Spitzka, Jacques Schlosser, M. D. Barr, Marcus Hofman, L. S. Boyer. J- COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. Marshal— MAXWELL LESTER. First Brigade — Students wearing lettered sweaters — J. L. FEARING, Marshal. Second Brigade — Students in Departments of Law, Medicine, Physical Science, and Pure Science— J. P. HOLTER, Marshal. Third Brigade— Seniors in Arts and Mines— F. COYKENDALL, Marshal. Fourth Brigade— Juniors in Arts and Mines— W. R. WESTERFIELD, Marshal. Fifth Brigade — Sophomores in Arts and Mines — H. H. HENDERSON, Marshal. Sixth Brigade — Freshmen in Arts and Mines — F. L. BULLARD, Marshal. THK GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARAUE. 171 THE CARRIAGE TRADE SOUND MONEY CLUB. Marshal— D. J. WILSON. Aides from the firms represented, among whom arc: Brewster & Co., Healy & Co., Flandrau iSc Co., Downey, Duncan & White, A. T. Demarest & Co., R. M. Stivers, WiUiam ff. ( irav, James W. Renwick, Di^wnim^ & Co., Corbett & AIcAuhffe, Burr & Co., I. V. ( "loodricli c*^ Co., Jt PHOTOGRAPHERS' SUPPLY TRADE. Marshal— G. F. FINLEY. AIDES. Representatives of E. & H. T. Anthony & Co., Pach Brothers, G. P. Hall & Son, Scoville & Adams Company, Albert)-pe Company, B. F. Edsall, C. C. Largill, J. H. & I. Andrews, Talbot Copying Com])any. 172 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE NUMBER OF PARADERS.* ^ Dry Goods, . . ♦ 23,340 Central Dry Goods, ♦ 8,890 Wool Exchange, • ♦ 500 Tailors, . • • 2,000 Railroad and Steamship, . . « 4,000 Paper Trade, . 10,000 Coal Trade, * • 450 Wine and Spirit Traders, » • • 700 Produce Exchange, . t 4,000 Architects, , * * J, 000 Cotton Exchange, . . . 600 Coffee Exchange and Lower Wall Street, . 2,000 Custom House, • * 852 Leaf Tobacco, . « * ♦ 1,500 Lawyers, ♦ • 3,500 Insurance, • • * 6,000 Real Estate, ♦ ♦ 1,600 N. Y. Protective Machinery, « • ♦ 6,500 Furnace, Range and Stove, * • 1,500 Publishers, « * ♦ 2,147 Jewelers, • ♦ 5,600 Drugs, . • » * 7,500 Supplies Steam, Water and Gas, , 1,400 Hide and Leather, « • « 2,200 Shoe Trade, # 4 1,500 West Side Merchants, . * « ♦ 4,000 Saddlery and Harness, « « 1,500 Millinery, « ♦ « 6,200 Hardware, . ♦ * 1,500 Clothiers^ Legion, « * « n,200 Hat Trade, . ♦ ♦ 3,600 Cloak and Suit, • ♦ * 1,200 Rubber Trade, # ^ 1,000 West Side Retailers, ♦ ♦ • 750 Italian Business Men, ♦ « 500 127,729 * The figures composing this table have been supplied by officials total number of participants has been estimated at 110,000, a figure which if each Division. Elsewhere in these pages the evidently conservative. JAMES R. o'bEIRNE. RICHARD E. COCHRAN. DSON LEWIS. J . WEIR. JOHN G. WINTJEN. AARON VAXDERBILT. G. B. AGNEW. W.M. S. WILCOX. C. E. SFRAGUE. PERSONNEL OF THE COLUMN. GRAND MARSHAL. GENERAL HORACE PORTER, ('.rand Marshal of the Great Sound Money Parade, was born in Huntington, Penn., in 1S37. Plis grandfather was an officer in the Fourth Continental Artillery, and served through the entire War of the Revolution. General Porter was educated at the Scientific School of Harvard University, and at West Point Military Academy. Me served in the Civil War, and rose through every grade of the regular army to that of Pirevet Brigadier General, being promoted on six different occasions for gallant and meritorious service. During the latter part of the war he served on (General Grant's staft\ and as private secretary to the President during part of General Grant's administration. Later he became conspicuous in civil life by his man- agement of successful and important business enterprises, and by ability in oratory and literature. He has been president of several railroad companies, Vice President of the Pullman Palace Car Co., and connected with many financial institutions as officer or director. General Porter will long be remem- bered for his successful completion of the Grant Monument project. He is a power in the social, political and financial affairs of the metropolis, and a member of many patriotic, literary and social organizations. Shortly after the inaugu- ration of President McKinley— at which event General Porter officiated as (xrand Marshal of the parade— he was appointed by the President, Ambassador to France. Not the least among General Porter's achievements, when the history of his life is written, will be the extraordinary skill with which he handled the vast numbers of business men who marched in the Great Sound Money Parade, without friction, delay or inconvenience of any kind. STAFF OF THE GRAND MARSHAL. GEORGE B. AGNEW, Aide on the Staff of the (xrand Marshal, is a capitalist, who is interested in many large enterprises. He is a graduate of Princeton, and has been interested in the promotion of good government m New York. He is a member of many prominent clubs and social organizations. FRANCIS R. APPLETON, Aide to the Grand Marshal, is a member of the firm of Robbins & Appleton, dealers in watches. Mr. Apple ton is also an officer of the Jewelers' Republican and Sound Money Club. He accompanied (jeneral Porter to Washington as an aide in the Inaugural Procession. LOVING CUP Commemorating the Great Sound Money Parade. Presented to General Horace Porter by the members of his Stat^. The cup is made of silver. It is nine iiuhes high and has three handles. On the reverse side appear the names of the Staff. The presentation on behalf of the donors was made by A. G. Mills, Esq., at the United Service Club, December 28, 1896. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. I75 C. GRAHAM BACON, Jr., Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, and Vice President of the Paint, Oil and Chemical Trades Sound Money Club, was born in New York City, and completed his education abroad. He is senior member of the firm of C. Graham Bacon & Co., wholesale druggists. Mr. Bacon is a prominent member of a number of wxll known clubs and societies. GEORGE M. BARRY, an Aide on the Staff of General Porter, is a lawyer in active practice. He is a republican In' inheritance, and studied law with Wendell Phillips. Major Barry is a veteran of the Civil War, having been an officer in the Nineteenth Massachusetts, serving with his regiment on the Poto- mac, at Ball's Bluff, and in West Virginia, with General Fremont. He is one of the trustees of the New York Military Academy, a member of the First Mount- ed Veterans of the City of New York, and a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. In 1893 and 1S94 he was Grand Marshal of the (irand Army of the Republic of the City of New York, and revised the entire system of regulations of the G. A. R. for its parades. In the great civic parade of October 31st, Major Barry led the second column which moved at 1 1 o'clock from Battery Place, and was composed of not less than 80,000 men, up Broadway for a mile and a half to Grand Street, where it overtook and connected with the other column. CHARLES M. CLARKE, Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is a member of the firm of Patterson & Clarke, brokers in fire, marine, life, accident, boiler and plate-glass insurance. RICHARD E. COCHRAN, Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is connected with the United States Life Insurance Company, in the responsible position of Manager. CHARLES CURIE, Jr., Special Aide to General Porter, is associated with his father in the law firm of Curie, vSmith & Mackey. He originated the clever inscription on the large flag which hung in Exchange Place at Broad vStreet, which expressed a sound money sentiment at the same time that it marked a locality: ''A Half Dollar Cannot Ji.vchangr Place with a Whole Dollar." GEN. NICHOLAS W. DAY, Special Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is a merchant, partner in the firm of T. R. Arnold lV Co. Gen. Day was assigned to the command of the rear guard, to move all divisions outside of the Dry Goods Clubs, with right resting on Whitehall Street. He was as- sisted by fifteen aides, and reported to General Porter forty-five minutes ahead of time. General Day is a distinguished veteran of the late war. He is a member of the Loyal Legion, and an unwavering republican. ALFRED E. DRAKE, member of the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is a member of the firm of Peters & Drake, manufacturers and dealers in air pumps. GEO. E. FAHYS, a member of the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is a well known manufacturing jeweler. (See Jeweler's Division.) JOHN NOBLE GOLDING, Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, and one of the officers of the Real Estate Division, is a native of New York City, 176 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE, having been born here in i860. Mr. Golding has been actively engaged in real estate for the past twenty years, beginning as clerk in the firm of Adrian H. MuUer & Son, and afterward becoming Manager of the Equitable Life Insiir ance Company's real estate business. Mr. Golding is now a successful real estate dealer in business for himself with downtown and uptown offices. He has been prominent in military matters, having been an officer of the Seventy- first Regiment, and is at present an officer of the United Service Club. GEORGE FAUVEL GOURAUD, one of New York's brightest lawyers, served as Aide-de-Camp. Although of patriotic Revolutionary ancestry, he re- ABRAM G. MILLS. .EN. NICHOLAS W. DAY. ceived part of his education at Harrow School, England. His education was completed in Hanover, Germany, and at the Yale Law School. He belongs to several organizations at home and abroad, among them being a Companion of the second class of the order of the Loyal Legion. GEORGE H. HALLETT, a member of General Porter's Staff, is a mem- ber of the famous Seventh Regiment. Mr. Hallett is a well known insurance and real estate agent, with uptown and downtown offices. EDSON LEWIS, member of the Staff of the Grand Marshal is a respected merchant in this city, being connected with a large importing house, and con- ducts a larjje retail clothing establishment in Mount Vernon and another at WINTHROl' M. TITTLE. EDWARU A. SLVMNER. ^ AN D. M ACLM HE K. EDWARD H. WALKER. JOHN W. SC<)l-[ EORC.E .M. HARRV. A. E. DRAKE. FAUVEL GOURAUD. ,e()ri;e h. hallett. Il L THE GREAT SOUND MONKV PAKADK. 1 77 Yonkers. He resides in Mt. \'ernon, N. Y., wliere he has large and varied interests. Mr. Lewis is at present Mayor of the eity of Mount Vernon, VAN D. MACUMHER, Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is con- nected with the ^lutual Life Insurance Co., as special agent for Brooklyn. Mr. Macumber has been for twelve years a member of the National Guard. He is now a member of Troop C, Brooklyn. ABRAM G. MILLS, a member of General Porter's Staff as Special Aide, is Vice President of the Otis Brothers Company, manufacturers of elevators. Mr. Mills is a broad-minded, energetic and successful man of affairs. He is a veteran of the late war, and is an active member of many military and veteran organizations, and of many clubs and societies devoted to public and political improvement. JAMES R. O'BEIRNE, Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is well known among the prominent public men in New York City, being the Commis- sioner of Public Charities and Corrections, and liaving occupied many important positions in the city government. General O'Beirne was Brevet Brigadier General of \"olunteers during the late war, having a distinguished record in the service. He is Secretary of the Flemington Coal and Coke Company, of West Virginia. General O'Beirne's experience and ability were invaluable during the parade. He commanded the first platoon of aides disbanding the columns, and had charge of the disbanded divisions to the eastward, a very difficult and arduous task in view of the vast numbers and lack of training of the men. JOHN WINFIELD SCOTT, Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is a financier. Mr. Scott was Adjutant General and Chief of Staff of the School and College Parade in the Columbian Celebration, and a member of the Colum- bian Celebration Committee of One Hundred, a member of the Grant Monu- ment Celebration Committee, an Aide to the Marshal at the Inaugural I'arade, and is an officer or member of many patriotic societies and movements. COLONEL CHARLES E. SPRAGUE, Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is President of the Union Dime Savings Institution, which under Colonel Sprague's wise management, is known as one of the soundest savings institutions in the country. Colonel Sprague is a Brevet Colonel, New York Volunteers, and Assistant Paymaster General in the City of New York. EDWARD A SUMNER, Aide on the Staff of the (irand Marshal, is a lawyer. Mr. Sumner was also a member of General Porter's Staff at the In- augural Parade of McKinley and Hobart, and a member of the President's Re- ception Committee. He was also an Aide on the Staff of (General Dodge in the Grant Monument Celebration. WINTHROP M. TUTTLE, Aide on the Marshal's Staff, is Secretary and Treasurer of the Baltimore, Chesapeake and Atlantic Railway Co. Mr. Tuitle is actively interested in military affairs, being a Lieutenant of Troop C, N. Y., he was especially well qualified to form and march his asssociates in the Rail- way and vSteamship Sound Money Club. g THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. M was formerly an ensign m the United btates iNavy, thusiastic associates, participated m the inau^ura special military orderly to General Day Porter's Staff, is General WILLIAM S. WILCOX, a member of Geneial Portei »i , aenAnd T.eas„e. of the Lc^sC MO— Co.JU^ ^^ ^„ goods. He resides m Mt. Vernon, in. i-, active and public-spirited citizen. J- BANKERS AND BROKERS. HENRY T. CHAPMAN, Jr., a member of the Staff of the Marshal, is a broker by occupation, with o^-s near the Stock E^^^^^^^^^^ ^ ^^^^^_ W. F. DANIELS, Major of the Fouith Battalion, ness for himself, on lower Broadway. -R„„:ness Men's Republican and EDWARD A. DR-^K^^f -tt^;^„f ,f;:r:s and Broker's Repub- f°""ci^°7sstXo the" Pat:: Railroad. Mr. Drake is a nian of agree- lioan Club, is becretaryoi untiring and unselfish worker, able presence and wide popularity, f ^ ';[" "°,""i„%„Htics a seore of years Identified with the first participation of b"^''«^^ ™«^;" P ^^ ^is usual ago, each presidential -"P-^" f , ;"^';f„rrhror:rRei4blican demonstra- °^'tot;^'fKlTH\t Mtor"of:h?Vtt Battalion, is prominent in the nV^klEs't VaE^'fltXir^f'TThird Battalion, is a broker, THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 179 with offices near the Stock Exchange. He is a member of the firm of Wood, Huestis & Co. J. J. C. HUMBERT, Quartermaster, is a broker and member of the firm of E. C. Humbert & Son, bankers and brokers.- ROBERT J. KIMBALL, a member of the Executive Committee, is a banker, with offices in the Wall Street district. J. .1. C. HUMBERT. ROBERT J. KIMB\LL. HENRY T. CHAPMAN, JR. KREDSRICK. n. SHENCK. R. H. THOMAS. JAMES A. McMICKEN", Lieutenant-Colonel, is a broker well known in the Bankers' and Brokers' Republican Club. He is a member of the firm of James A. McMicken & Co. CHARLES E. QUINCEY, Chairman of the Executive Committee and member of the Staff, has long been prominent in the Bankers' and Brokers Republican Club, and is well known among New York brokers, being a mem- ber of the firm of Charles E. Ouincev & Co. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. JAMES D. SMITH, Marshal and Colonel of the Bankers' and Brokers Club, is widely known among New York brokers, not only for his high business and financial standing, but as one of the inost enthusiastic yachtsmen of the metropolis. Commodore Smith has been a prominent figure in all the inter- national regattas of recent years, having been a representative of the New York Yacht Club. He is a broker, and the head of the firm of James D. Smith & Co. R. H. THOMAS, Vice-President, is a broker of high standing, being the head of the firm of R. H. Thomas & Co. ARCHIBALD TURNER, Treasurer of the Bankers' and Brokers' Republican Club, is the President of the Franklin Savings Company, well known among the savings institutions of the city. GEN. THOMAS L. WATSON, a member of the vStaff of the Marshal, is a prominent figure among the brokers of New York. Gen. Watson is Vice Presi- dent of the Consoildated Stock and Pe- trolemn Exchange, and is well known in the club and social life of New York. He has long been an active member and officer of the New York Athletic Club, of which he is at present Vice President, and a member of the Union League and many other organizations. GEORGE J. WEAVER, Major of the Second Battalion, is a well known broker, who has long been active in the organization and management of the Bankers' and Bi"okers' Republican Club. I lAMES D. SIMIIH. WHOLESALE DRY GOODS. GEORGE CLINTON BATCHELLER, Special Aide to the Marshal, was born in Grafton, Mass., and like so many others of New England parentage, has achieved business success in the metropolis. Mr. Batcheller is a manu- facturer of corsets, a member of the well-known firm of Langdon, Batcheller & Co., with factories at Bridgeport, Conn. BERTRAM H. BORDEN, Aide to the Marshal, and in charge of organ- izing and marching the division in Duane and Thomas streets, known as the J. G. SCMENCK. LEONARD I'AirLSON. JR. (;eO. C. IIATCHELI.ER. WILLIAM B. MILK>. GEORGE C. MILLER. FREDERIC F. WATERS. „, „_ CAMMANN. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. V'yr»)^yr*5^yr»i--j HEKTKAM H. BORI5EN. Fourth Section of the Dry Goods Division, C-'*^.=*^'*^^«^<*^.|*^.^#^;«^.?#^. was born in New York City in 1868. Mr. Borden is the Treasurer of the American Printing- Company, and rendered valuable service in the organization preliminary to the parade. ROBERT WHITE BUTLER, Aide to the Marshal, is a graduate of Columbia Institute, New York City. Mr. Butler was long a salesman for the firm of Hartley 6z Graham, and is now connected with the "Racycle." He is a member of Company H, Seventh Regiment. H. L. CAM MANN, Captain, is a Commission Merchant. He is a member of the widely known firm of H. W. T. Mali & Co., dealers in woolens. ALBERT E. COLFAX, Aide in command of a Leonard Street Division, was born in Brooklyn, where he pix- pared for college, but decided to enter mercantile life instead. Mr. Colfax was an active member of the Twenty-Second Regiment, in which organization he served for sixteen years, reaching the rank of captain. During- the Orange Parade Riots, in 187 1, he commanded the regiment. Mr. Colfax is a Governor of the New York Athletic Club, and a public-spirited, aggressive republican. He is a member of the firm of Hackett, Carhart & Co., Clothiers. FRED N. DRAKE, Aide to the Marshal, is connected with the freight depanm.ent of the Panama R. R., but served eiftciently with the Dry Goods Division. WILLIAM B. FULLER, First Vice President of the Wholesale Dry Goods Republican Club, was born in 1838 at Hastings-on-the- Hudson. He was educated in the public schools and graduated at the Stephen Archer University, of Dobb's Ferry. Enlisting at the beginning of the war for the Union in the Fiftieth Massachusetts, he remained at the front until the return of his regiment. Mr. Fuller was First Vice-President of the Wholesale Dry Goods Republican Club during the campaigns of 1888 and 1892 as well as during 1896, and presided at the daily meetings held by the organization. He has been active in political affairs in the Nineteenth Assembly District and is well known for the earnest stand he has always taken in support of clean poli- tics and genuine civil service reform. Mr. Fuller is now a general salesman with The H. B. Claflin Company, which position he has occupied for the last thirty years. M. KNOX HACKETT, Assistant Marshal, was born in New York City in 1S63 He has been connected with the Dry Goods Commission House of 102 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Parker, Wilder & Co., for seventeen years. Mr. Hackett is a prominent member of the Alcyone Boat Club and Algonquin Club of Brooklyn, and Staten Island Athletic Club, also the Second Brigade Signal Corps, and a lieutenant in the Thirteenth Regiment. Mr. Hackett resides in Brooklyn. ALBERT C. HALL, member of the Executive Committee, is a manu- facturer of umbrellas. He is a member of the well-known firm of Alvah Hall & Co., whose warerooms are located in the wholesale dry goods district, and Mr. Hall thus became actively identified with the work of the Wholesale Dry Goods Club. ANDREW JACOBS, Secretary of the Club, is a woolen merchant, agent for the Assabet Manufacturing Company. The activity of the Dry Goods Republican Club during most of the campaign made the position of secretary anything but an empty honor. Mr. Jacobs succeeded in meeting all these demands and the exactions of his own business with the fidelity and energy characteristic of a New York business man. R. K. MacLEA, Aide on the Marshal's Staff, is employed in the firm of Converse, Stanton & CuUen. Mr. MacLea was born in Brooklyn in 1873 and has been employed in the dry goods business for the past seven years. He is a member of the Seventh Regiment, and a Veteran of the Twenty-second. Mr. MacLea rendered valuable service in the great parade. He organized the first section of the Dry Goods Club, 1,800 strong, from Worth Street, and assisted in organizing the White and Walker Street divisions. PETER J. McINTYRE, Aide on the Marshal's Staff, is a well-known merchant in the dry goods district. Mr. Mclntyre was assigned to duty with the Franklin Street division. HARRY W. MARTIN, Chief of Aides on the Staff of the Marshal, is a dealer in bicycles, being the New York representative of the " Racycle. " MORRIS MAYER, Member of the Executive Committee, was born in New York, in 1853, and has long been identified with the manufacture as well as importation of embroideries. He is a member of the firm of Loeb & vSchoen- feld, who are extensively int^erested in manufacturing embroideries at Rorschach, Switzerland, and Camden, N. J. WILLIAM B. MILES, Aide, and Acting Marshal of the Third Division, was born in New York City, in 1867. His education was completed at the School of Mines, Columbia College. He is a brewer by occupation. Mr. Miles has been an active member of the Seventh Regiment for the past ten years. Although a Democrat in politics, he formed one of the great army of patriotic citizens of that political faith who worked and voted for the success of the Republican and vSound Money cause. GEO. C. MILLER, who was Captain in the First Division, is a member of the well-known firm of Langdon, Batcheller & Co., and like many others in the Dry Goods Republican Club, was an earnest and untiring worker. Mr. Miller lives at Fanwood, N. J., where he takes an active interest in the affairs THE GREAT SOUND MON'KY I'ARADE. >«3 of the town. His popularity with his fellow citizens was demonstrated by his election to the office of Mayor at the last election. SETH M. MILLIKEN, Treasurer, and a member of the I^xecutive Com- mittee, is a successful New York merchant of New England birth and parentage. He was born in Poland, Me., in 1836. He was educated at the public schools of that town and in Hebron, Me. Beginning life as a school teacher and proprietor of a general store, he increased his enterprises, and displayed the talent and shrewdness which are forerunners of success'. Moving to Portland in 1861, he became extensively interested in the manufacturing and com- mission business in cotton and woolen goods. In 1874, he removed to New York, retaining his large interests in Maine, which have steadily prospered and in- creased under his wise management. Mr. Milliken conducts one of the leading- houses in the wholesale dry goods district in New York, under the firm name of Deering, Milliken & Co. He is a public- spirited and competent citizen, widely known and honored in the metropolis, a member of many social organizations, and an uncompromising and active Republican. CORNELIUS B. MITCHELL, mem- ber of the "Committee on Parade "of the Dry Goods Republican Club, is a partner in the firm of Wilmerding, Morris i\; Mitchell, merchants. Mr. Mitchell is a good representative of the public spirit and energy which pervades the dry goods district, when matters of moment arise. The "Committee on Parade" may have been complimentary appointments in some of the smaller divisions, but in the dry goods division it takes active workers, a whole committee of them, to equip and organize twenty-five thousand marchers. In this work Mr. Mitchell rendered constant and valuable service. LEONARD PAULSON, Jr., a member of the Executive Committee, is a native of New York City, and was educated in the public schools of the metro- polis. Mr. Paulson is a dry goods merchant located in the lower wholesale district. RICHARD C. PERKINS, a member of the famous "first file "of old SETH M. MJLLIKEN'. 184 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. dry goods merchants, is by birth an Englishman, and marched in the Great Parade from a sense of duty to the cause of national honor and prosperity. Mr. Perkins is a man of large ability whose business career has been active and prosperous, and who is well known and highly esteemed among commission merchants in the dry goods district. He is a member of the firm of Stavert, Zigomala & Co. H. A. POTTER was an Aide on the StafE of the Marshal, and is a manu- facturer of oil cloths and linoleum. ALFRED RAY, a member of the famous "first file," which was said to represent $150,000,000 of business, is the New York representative of Lawrence & Co. , whose mills at Lawrence, Mass. , are accoimted the most extensive in the country for the production of cotton prints. Mr. Ray was born in New Eng- land, and possesses the business abilities which so often come with New England breeding. To these are added the attractive personal qualities which have brought the esteem and respect of his business associates. CHARLES R. SHAW, Aide to the Marshal, Second Section, was born in Athens, Greene County, N. Y., and early removed to New York City. Mr. Shaw possessed industry and determination, aided by business talents of a high order, and he has become a successful New York merchant. J. C. SHENCK, member of the Executive Committee, was born in Ohio, in 1857. Like most natives of that famous state, Mr. Shenck is energetic and direct in his methods, and was a valued assistant to Messrs, Webb & Fuller in the arduous campaign of the Dry Goods Republican Club. Mr. Shenck is one of the editors of the Dry Goods Economist, a trade publication with few rivals in influence. PUTNAM BRADLEE STRONG, is a Commission Merchant, and a member of the firm of W. L. Strong & Co. , long known among the leaders of the dry goods commission houses. Mr. Strong is the son of the Mayor of New York. HON. WILLIAM L. STRONG, President, and President of the Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association, was born on a farm in Richland County, Ohio, in 1827. Beginning life as a dry goods clerk in Wooster, Ohio, Col. Strong has continued in that calling during a long and successful career, and since his arrival in New York in 1853, his business enterprises and invest- ments have been characterized by great ability and almost uniform success. In addition to the dry goods commission business which he has founded and conducted under the name of William L. vStrong & Co., he is interested in many other enterprises as ofhcer or director, such as banks, trust companies, railroads and insurance com^panies, and is a member of many clubs and social organiza- tions in the metropolis. In politics he has been a staunch and unwavering Republican, and commanded the regard of his fellow citizens to such an extent that he was elected Mayor of New York City in 1894. Col. Strong has labored for the success of the cause which he believed to be right during his long and CORNELTIS B. MITCilELL. lAMES TALCOTT. ALFRED RAV. CHAS. H. WEBB. EDWARD A. TREAT. R. C PERk-INS. R. K. MAC LEA. M. KN'OX HACKETT. ALFRED E. COLFAX. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY 1^.\RAUE. 185 active career, and has not looked to the mere ([uestion of reward, but has pre- ferred to work in the ranks. JAMES TALCOTT, one of the substantial and veteran merchants of the dry goods district, marched in the Great Parade in the famous " old merchants' division. " Rank and authority were not thought of by the spectators who under- stood the magnitude of the interests represented by Mr. Talcott and his com- panions. EDWARD A. TREAT, First Aide to the Marshal of the division, organ- ized and commanded the company of "old merchants," which led the Division. Mr. Treat was born in New England, and has won his way to success by high business qualifications and great personal popularity. He is a dry goods com- mission merchant, and has been for many years the New York representative of Coiifin, Altemus lSj Co. Mr. Treat was the first to conceive the idea of util- izing the stars and stripes with the names " McKinley & Hobart" attached as a party emblem. It caught the patriotic sentiment of the occasion, and inspired the use of more than 600 large flags in this city alone. They were displayed on Broadway and adjoining streets from the Battery to Central Park. Other towns and cities caught the inspiration, until such a display of American flags had never been seen. FRED. F. WATERS, Aide to the Marshal assigned to the Franklin Street Division, is a partner in the firm of Barker & Waters, commission merchants. CHARLES H. WEBB, Chairman of the Executive Committee, was born in Windsor Locks, Ct. , in 1842. He graduated at Bennington Seminary, Ben- nington, Vt., in 1859, and coming to New York at the age of seventeen, entered the house of Phelps, Bliss & Co. He continued with this house during its suc- cessive changes until, in 1869, he became a member of the firm of Eldridge, Dunham & Co., and six years later of the present firm of Dunham, Buckley & Co. While Mr. Webb has always been a Republican in politics and an active worker in every presidential campaign from i860, he has always refused to hold a political oiifice. Much of the success of the Great Sound Money Parade was due to his intelligent and untiring efforts as Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Wholesale Dry Goods Republican Club. Mr. Webb was also Chairman of the Entertainment Committee at the Fifth Avenue Hotel during the parade, and was Governor Morton's escort. WILLIAM E. WEBB, Marshal, is a member of the widely known firm of Dunham, Buckley & Co., dry goods commission merchants. Gen. Webb was for many years an officer of the Second Brigade Staff, and is honored in the dry goods district as one of the originators of the famous Wholesale Dry Goods Re- publican Club, which through successive campaigns has proved itself so formid- able in numbers and influence. Gen. Webb's abilities as an organizer and commander are not recently discovered talents. He was pressed in the service in the great Blaine parade of 1884 as marshal of the dry goods men, and again led his division in the Harrison and Morton parade of 1888. On each of these 1 86 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE, occasions, the dry goods men formed an army of marchers, but the numbers were small indeed compared with the throng which followed their efficient general in the great parade of 1896. His division numbered nearly a Cjuarter of the entire parade, and the responsibilities that fell upon Gen. Webb were more numerous and perplexing than those of any other division commander. THEODORE WENTZ, a member of the Executive Committee, was born in Brooklyn, thirty-nine years ago. Mr. Wentz was educated for the wholesale dry goods business under his father, J. M. Wentz, who was an old time New York merchant. For a period of nine years, Mr. Wentz was a member of the firm of Teft, Weller & Co. Mr. Wentz is now engaged in the brokerage busi- ness. He is active in Republican politics, being an energetic worker for pure politics and good government on the West Side. GRINNELL WILLIS, Member of the Executive Committee, is a com- mission merchant, agent for the Pierce Manufacturing Corporation, the famous Wamsutta Mills. CENTRAL DIVISION WHOLESALE DRY GOODS. HENRY ABEGG, Member of the Reception Committee, was born in vSwitzerland, but has been actively engaged in business in the LTnited States since 1848. Mr. Abegg is an importer and commission merchant. GEORGE C. ANDREAE, First Vice-President and Assistant Marshal, was born on Staten Island. He received a thorough education in this country, supplemented by a course of study abroad. Upon his return, Mr. Andreae took up active business pursuits in New York, and is one of the best-known merchants in the Broome Street district. COL. WILLIAM BARBOUR, member of the Executive Committee, is a man of many and varied interests in business and politics. Born in 1858, and consequently but thirty-nine years of age, he is an important factor in New Jersey politics. He was a delegate to the Minneapolis Convention in '92, and again to the St. Louis Convention, representing the Fifth New Jersey District. He was for a time Treasurer of the National Republican Committee, and is at present Chief of Governor Griggs' personal staff. Col. Barbour is President of the famous Barbour Brothers Company, thread manufacturers, a business enter- prise of great magnitude, but he finds time for many other business interests, being a director in four banks, and an officer or director in manufacturing, insurance and street car companies in the city of Paterson and elsewhere. EDWARD BARKER, Marshal of the Upholstery Division, has been pro- minent for many years in that industry, and is the superintendent of the manu- facturing department in a large uptown establishment. Major Barker is Captain and Brevet Major of the Eighth Regiment, N.G. vS., N.Y. , of which regiment he has been an active member for thirty-six years, which period includes active and honorable service through the war of the rebellion. 4 ^^ FRANCIS J. RUE. CHAS. F. HOMER. ALUEKT 1 ri.T. THi'S. H. FERGUS. ;. S. KLOUS. WALTER KOm.E. \VM. HARBOUR. \V.^t. C. KIDIiALI.. HR1T0N RICHARD.SON. THE GREAT SOUND'MONEY PARADE. 187 GENERAL JOSEPH W. CONGDON, Marshal, was born in New York City and received his education in the schools of his native city. He removed to Paterson, N. J., in 1868, where he became extensively interested in the manufacture of silk. Gen. Congdon combined excellent business qualities with a talent for military organization, a fact which early led him to join the Twenty-second Regiment in New York, in which he reached the rank of captain. In Paterson, Gen. Congdon became early identified with inilitar}' organizations. He has been Major Commanding Paterson Light Guard, Lieutenant-Colonel Commanding First Battalion, N. G. N. J., and is now Inspector-General (Briga- dier) of the National Guard, S. N. J. Gen. Congdon was long President of the Hamilton Club of Paterson, Grand Commander Knights Templar, N. J., and Grand Commander F. & A. M., N. J. He is Vice-President of the Phoenix Silk Manufacturing Company of Paterson. THOMAS H. FERGUS, an Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a sales- man connected wdth the firm of Doherty & Wadsworth. Mr. Fergus rendered efficient service in organizing and marching the divisions assigned to his charge. E. N. HERZOG, Aide on the Stall of the Marshal, is connected with the firm of Johnson, Cowdin & Co., agents for the Riverside vSilk Mills of Paterson, N. J. WELCOME G. HITCHCOCK,' Vice President, and Captain in the parade, is a highly respected merchant, the firm being W. G. Hitchcock & Co., importers on an extensive scale. OSCAR HOFFSTADT, an Aide to the ^Marshal, is a Republican of tried and aggressive qualites. Mr. Holfstadt organ- ized and presided over all the Saturday afternoon open air meetings which were' held at the corner of Broome and Mercer Streets, during the campaign, and in ad- dition found time from the many demands of his important business affairs to make speeches throughout the city and state in behalf of the Republican cause. He is connected with the firm of Boessneck, Broesel & Co., as manager of the woolen department. COL. CHARLES F. HOMER, First Vice-President of the Business *Men's Re- publican and Sound Money Association, and also of the Central Division, and Com- EDWARD I'.MfKEH. l88 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. niander of the delegation from the various organizations escorting the Mayor, is recognized as one of the most aggressive and efficient organizers in either of the dry goods associations. Col. Homer was practically the originator of the Central Division, and during the progress of each presidential campaign, his business and political associates look to him to set in motion energetic work in favor of party candidates by the Central Division. Col. Homer is a man of agreeable presence, wide popularity and much business ability. He is man- ager for Pelgram & Meyer, manufacturers of silk ribbons, and has steadfastly declined important and lucrative political appointments. JACQUES HUBER, Vice-President and Assistant Marshal, is a promi- nent merchant in the silk district, being a member of the firm of vSchwarzen- bach & Hubcr, manufacturers and importers of silks. Mr. Huber was an efficient member of the Executive Committee of the Central Association. WILLIAM C. KIMBALL, Treasurer, is one of the many prominent New York business men of New England origin. He was born in Boxford, Mass., in 1847, and was educated in the public schools of that town. Mr. Kimball first entered the jewelry business but has long been a manufacturer of silk rib- bons, connected with the William Strange Co., and the firm of Strange & Bro. He resides in Passaic, where he is a trustee of the Free Library, President of the Passaic Club, and was long President of the Passaic Board of Trade. J. S. KLOUS, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is the assistant manager of the manufacturer's department in the firm of Hoeninghaus & Curtiss. He rendered especially valuable service in organizing and dispatching the Central Division. WALTER KOBBE, Chief of Staff, is a member of the firm of Kobbe & Sands, importing commission merchants, dealing in silk goods. He is a well- known merchant in the silk district. Mr. Kobbe took an active part in the preparations for the great parade, and was also a member of the large but efficient Executive Committee of the Central Division. RUSSELL MURRAY, a member of the Executive Committee of the Central Division of the Dry Goods Association, and Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is an importer of raw silk. Mr. Murray was an active and influential officer of the Central Association, devoting much time and energy to its affairs, in spite of the demands of his large and exacting business interests. BRITON RICHARDSON, Aide to the Marshal and member of the Exe- cutive Committee, was born in England, but has been actively engaged in the silk business in the United States for the past forty years. He is Secretary and Treasurer of the Silk Association of America. As a member of the Exec- utive Committee, Mr. Richardson was as active and earnest in the work of the Central Division as those of his associates who were veterans in campaign management. FRANCIS J. RUE was an Aide upon the Staff" of the Marshal. Mr. Rue is a merchant and extensively interested in the manufacture and importation of silks. THE GRKAT SOUNJ) iMONKY I'AKADK 189 ARTHUR RVLE, Vice President of the Central Division and Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a well-known dealer in silks, on Howard Street, the firm being William Kyle Sz Son. Mr. Ryle was numbered among the active workers in the Division in the preparations for the (Ireat Parade. ALBERT TILT, President of the Central Division Association and Aide on the Staff of General Porter, is one of the veteran workers in the Central Association, who, from his well-known and consistent Republicanism, and his high standing in the business community, is looked to as an organizer and leader. Mr. Tilt is the President of the Phoenix Silk Mills of Paterson, N. J. ALFRED WENDT, Vice President and meml)er of the Staff of the (xrand Marshal, is a member of the firm of Wendt, Stcinhauser &: Co. (See (irand Marshal's Staff.) WILLfAM MACNAIGHTAN. FREDEKK K HALUV. WOOL EXCHANGE. WILLIAM MACXAUCHITAX, Marshal of the Wool Exchange Division, was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1872, and received his education at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, completing it by a course of travel abroad. He superin- tended the construction of the Wool Exchange Building, '93 to '95, and was 190 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. elected President of the New York Wool Warehouse Company, the official ware- housemen of the Wool. Exchange. FREDERICK HALDY, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, was born in the Fifth Ward of New York City, and was educated in the public schools. Mr. Haldy has been long prominent in Republican politics. He is Second Vice President of the Republican County Committee, and was presidential elector on the Republican ticket in New York vState at the last election. ^ MERCHANT TAILORS. MARKS ARNHEIM, Major, is well known among the Tailors of New York as head of the extensive business house of that name. JNIr. Arnheim began business in 1878 on the Bower}^, removing to his extensive establishment on Broadway in 1892. He was an active member of the Merchant Tailors' Republican and Sound Money Association, and enlisted three hundred of his employes for the Great Parade. L. G. ERICSON, Captain, was born in Sweden in 1844. He came to New York twenty-five years ago, and followed his calling of merchant tailor with much success. He succeeded the firm of McLeod & Remmey in business in 1882, and has since conducted a large and prosperous business under his own name. Mr. Ericson is an enthusiastic Mason, and is also a member of the Merchant Tailors' Exchange, and of various Swedish societies. JOHN J. KENNEDY, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, was born in Ireland, but coming to New York at an early age, received a careful education in the schools of the Metropolis. Mr. Kennedy early embarked in business for himself as a merchant tailor, and is now widely known as one of the most successful merchants in his calling in the city. He is a member of the New York Athletic Club, Catholic Club and Transportation Club, an officer of the Merchant Tailors' Society, and is actively identified with many enterprises of social and commercial importance. For many years Mr. Kennedy has enjoyed the patronage of President McKinley, and an interesting incident in the news items of the daily papers of February 2 2d, was an account of Master Walter Kennedy's arrival at Canton, Ohio, with President McKinley's inaugural suit, and his cordial reception by the President-elect. Master Kennedy, who is twelve years of age, had made the trip alone, from New York to Canton. He wore a striking military uniform and refused to leave the suit unless he could hand it to the President himself. The result was that he not only obtained the personal interview, but he was especially honored by the President and Mrs. McKinley, the former presenting him with an autograph letter to carry back to New York. THE i;KKAT sound MOXKV I'ARADE. 191 A. F. ^MUELLER, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, was born in Germany in 1849. He commenced business in the United States in i860, in the firm of Mueller & Wcidenfcld. In 1863, Mr. Mueller established the house of A. T. Mueller, and has since conducted an extended and successful business. CONRAD F. NAGEL, Captain, is one of the great army of German Americans, who worked and voted for the cause of National honor. He was born in Rosenfeld, Germany in 1853. and came to the United States in 1871. Ten years later he became a partner in the firm of Nagel & Siegling. In 1888 Mr. Nagel acquired the whole business, which he has since conducted alone with much success. He is a member of the Merchant Tailors' Club, Life Member of the Y. M. C. A., of New York, and ex-President of the German Branch of the Association. 192 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. ANDREW PATTERSON, Mayor's Escort from the Merchant Tailors' Division, was born in England in 1843, of Scotch parentage. He came to New York thirty-four years ago and has been an unwavering Republican during that long period. Mr. Patterson was the first President of the Merchant Tailors' National Exchange. In this calling he has himself achieved a high reputation. He is a member of many societies and organizations, and an enthusiastic Mason, having taken the 3 2d degree. RUPERT A. RYI.EV. ADOLfH W. WALLENDEK. I. P. WKSSMAN. JOHN M. RAYMOND, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of A. Raymond & Co., clothiers and outfitters, one of the best known houses in the downtown trade. MATTHEW ROCK, Chief of Staff and Treasurer, is one of the best known merchant tailors in New York. His success in his calling has been due to his great ability and personal popularity. Mr. Rock is located in the fashionable uptown district. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. I93 RUPERT A. RVLEY, Captain, was born in Portsmouth, England, in 1S58. He was educated at Greenwich Hospital School and Trinity College. Mr. Ryley is a merchant tailor, widely known in this city. He is a member of the Manhattan, Democratic and Xew York Athletic Chibs, and is a 32d degree Mason. EMIL TWVEFFORT, Marshal, is one of the best known merchant tailors in New York City. His ability in his chosen calling has brought him a large and lucrative business, and he is also highly esteemed among his business associates for many agreeable personal qualities JULES C. WEISS, Captain, was born in Xew York City. He was educated at the Public Schools of Xew York, beginning active business as an importing tailor, in which occupation he has achieved a large degree of success. Mr. Weiss was long President of the Merchant Tailors' Society and of other commercial as well as literary associations. He is a Mason, and a member of the German Liederkranz. ADOLPH W. WALLEXDER, Aide to the Marshal, was born in Sweden in 1854. He is a member of the firm of Parsons, Scarlett & Wallender, tailors. Mr. Wallender resides in Mount Vernon, X". Y., where he takes an active interest in Republican politics. He was appointed Fire Commissioner by Mayor Brush in 1894, and was reappoined by Mayor Edson Lewis. J. P. WESSMAX, Member of the Executive Committee, and active worker in the cause of Sound Money, is a merchant tailor of high repute in the uptown district. RAILWAY AND STEAMSHIP. GEORGE TOWAR BOGGS, Aide to the Marshal, like the other officers of the Railway and vSteamship Sound Money Club, is actively engaged in the transportation business, being Assistant Treasurer and Assistant Secretary of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway Co. JOHX L. BURDETT, Aide to the Marshal, an active promoter of the success of the Railway Division, like many of his associates in the Club, is connected with the X^ew York Central Railway, in which he is Paymaster. CHARLES H. CHAMBERS, Treasurer, occupies the responsible position of iVssistant Auditor of the Xew York Central and Hudson River R.R., with which line he has been connected lor sixteen years. Mr. Chambers resides at White Plains, N. Y. GEORGE H. DAXIELS, Aide to the Marshal, is the General Passenger Agent of the New York Central & Hudson River Railroad Company. There are few positions requiring so much executive ability and such capacity for work as Chief of the Central's Passenger Department. The duties are varied, innumer- able and never-ceasing. For nearly a decade Mr. Daniels has met successfully [94 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. CHARLES H. CHAMBERS. COL. A. H. PRIDE. JOHN L. BURDETT. the trying demands of his position with the ever-increasing respect and regard of business associates and ofificial superiors. This result has been secured by great native ability and tireless energy. His first service was in the engineer- ing corps of the North Missouri Railway. From 1872 to 1880 he was General Freight and Passenger Agent of the Chicago & Pacific; and for two years later held the position of General Ticket Agent of the Wabash System. For several years he was Commissioner of the Colorado and Utah Ti^aihc Associ- ations, and later, Vice Chairman of the Central Traffic Association. This outlines his career up to the time of his appointment as General Passenger Agent of the New York Central. Mr. Daniels is generally considered to be one of the shrewdest and ablest of the passenger officials of the time. The pro- gressive spirit of the road has undoubtedly been increased by him, and he has aided in bringing about many of the striking improvements that have been developed during the eight years of his connection with the road. Mr. Daniels THE GRKAT SOUND AlONEV PARADE. 195 CHARLES D. SIMON'SON. GEORGE TOWER BOGGS, ROBERT M, PARKER. GEORGE H. DANIELS. CHARLES E. SAYRE. is in the prime of life. He is quick in decision, sound in judgment, cordial in address, and possesses a striking personality. L. W. LAKE, Aide to the Marshal, is the General Agent, Freight Depart- ment, of the Great Northern Railway Co. Mr. Lake's services were especially valuable in the organization of the association. ROBERT M. PARKER, Aide to the Marshal, was born in Newark, N. J., in 1864, and still resides in that city. Mr, Parker was educated at St. Paul's School, Phillips Exeter Academy and at Princeton College, graduating from the latter in '85. He occupies the important position of Assistant General Freight Agent of the Erie R.R., from which road alone Mr. Parker recruited 250 paraders. COL. A. H. PRIDE, Vice President and Aide to the Marshal, is General Eastern Freight Agent of the Chicago and Northwestern R.R. CHARLES E. SAYRE, Chairman of the Executive Committee and Aide 196 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. to the Marshal, was born in ]Mauch Chunk, Penn., in 1856. After completing his education at Lehig'h University, he removed to New York and engaged in railway and transportation business, Mr. Sayre is City Freight Agent of the Lehigh Valley R.R. and one of the most active workers in the Association. CHARLES D. SIMONSON, Aide on the vStaff of the Marshal, is an active member of " the Broadway Men " branch of the Club. He is General Eastern Agent of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. JOHN L. SNOW, President of the Railway and Steamship Sound Money Club, and Marshal of the Division, occupies the responsible position of Chief Clerk and Auditor of the Passenger Accounts office, in the New York Central and Hudson River R.R. To the energy and enthusiasm of Mr. Snow the successful organization of the Division was in large measure due. It is no small undertaking to secure the co-operation of offices far removed from each THE GREAT SOUND MONEV PARADE. 197 other, as in the case of this Division, and united action is only the result of much preliminary work, of which Mr. Snow cheerfully performed his full share, as head of the organization. ■.-»>;'fe!r»;''yr»:^yr»i Vr^- C= PAPER DIVISION. WII.LISTOX H. BENEDICT, Vice President, is a member of the well known firm of Benedict & Higher, extensive dealers in paper. D. H. BLASCOW is General Manager for the United States and Canada of Neukircher c^- Schmalh, German paper manufacturers. THOMAS B. BUCHAN, Adjutant and Aide to the Marshal, is a paper manu- facturer, and is connected with the well known house of Miller & Flinn. THEODORE CONROW, Vice Presi- dent and Aide to the Marshal, is widely known in the paper trade, with which he has been identified for the past thirty years. He is a member of the firm of Conrow Brothers, paper merchants. Mr. Conrow is a descendant of Revolutionary ancestors, and proved his patriotic lineage by honor- able service in the War of the Rebellion. He is a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce. WILLIAM P. DANE, Vice President, is a well known dealer in writing and book papers, who has made a specialty of artis- tic and beautiful materials and has built up a large and prosperous business in fine grades of paper. ETHAN ALLEN DOTY, Vice President, is a member of the firm of Doty & Scrimgeour, one of the leading wholesale houses handling enamelled papers. In addition to his own prosperous business, Mr. Doty is interested in many commercial enterprises. He is President of the Edison Electric Illumin- ating Company of Brooklyn, and a director in numerous financial and business institutions. ALEX. P. GOULD, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a stationer and law and blank book publisher, being a member of the firm of W. Reid Gould, well known in the stationery trade. THOMAS L. JONES, Vice President, one of the many workers in the Paper Trade Association, is a member of the firm of Jones & Skinner, paper merchants. JACOB KOSENBERGEK. 198 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. ANDREW H. KELLOGG, Vice President and Special Aide to the Marshal, is one of the well known printers of New York City. His talent and executive ability have enabled him to build up one of the most extensive and prosperous plants in a line of business which has been especially affected by rate cutting and the hard times. J. E. LINDE, Captain, was an earnest worker among the officers of the Paper Division. Mr. Linde raised a large company from among his own WILLISTON H. BENEDICT. HERMAN H. ROEHRIG. CHARLES WILHELMS. WILLIAM M. PERKINS. WILLIAM P. DANE. employes, and greatly aided in securing the surprising numerical strength of the Paper Division. He is president of the J. E. Linde Paper Co., one of the best known enterprises in the paper trade. SYLVESTER S. MAY, Vice President and Aide to the Marshal, is a native of Lee, Mass., where he was born in 185 1. After completing his education at the High School of his native town, Mr. May came to New York THOMAS I. JONES. ANDKEW H. KELLOGG. ALEXANDER I'. GOILD. KOKERT \V. SKINNER KICHARD R. RIDGE. U. S. WALTOX, JR. GEOKCiE H. SIMI'SON. SVL\ ESTER S. MAV. [. E. LINDE. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. 199 in 1869. He is a salesman in the well known house of Henry Lindenmeyr & Sons, with which he has been connected for the past twenty-five years, but his fondness for the paper trade may be said to be inherited, as his father was a paper manufacturer at Lee, Mass. WILLIAM D. MAY, Marshal, has been widely known for many years in the paper trade, as one of the most earnest and ao-g-ressive political organizers among the paper dealers in the city. ^Ir. May has been prominent in campaign organizations for the last fifteen or twenty years, and his election to the position of Marshal was a merited honor. He is a member of the firm of George W. Millar & Co., extensive dealers in book and manilla papers. GEORGE F. PERKINS, President, is widely known in the paper and associated trades as the organizer and senior member of the well known firm of Perkins, Goodwin & Co. Mr. Perkins is a man of agreeable personality and great business ability, of w^hich the success which has attended his business ventures is sufficient proof. He is known as an unwavering Republican, and is looked to in every Presidential campaign for aid and counsel in the organization of the paper trade. WILLIAM M. PERKINS, Aide on the Marshal's Staff, is President of the Raynor & Perkins Envelope Co. He is widely known in the trade as one of the most successful and extensive manufacturers of envelopes in the country. RICHARD R. RIDGE, Vice President, is a printer. Mr. Ridge is president of the Fless & Ridge Printing Company, printers and publishers in the uptown district. Through his energy and personal efi:orts a company of seventy-five men was turned out for the parade from the employes of the house. Mr. Ridge is active in politics and social affairs in Brooklyn, where he resides. HERMAN H. ROEHRIG, Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, was born in New York City in 1S4S, and was educated in the public schools of this city. He became identified with the trade of lithography in 1862, and by ability and industry became a well known member of the trade. He has charge of a department in the Sackett & Wilhelms Co., which business enterprise he assisted in organizing. JACOB ROSENBERGER, Aide on the Marshal's Stafi:", was born in New York City in 1868. He graduated from the public schools and was apprenticed to the Hthographer's trade. Since 1882 Mr. Rosenberger has been connected in a responsible capacity with the well known firm of Sackett & Wilhelms. GEORGE H. SIMPSON, Aide to the Marshal, is a manufacturer and dealer in paper and card, well known and highly esteemed among his associates in the lower paper district. ROBERT W. SKINNER, ^Marshal of the Second Division of the Paper and Associated Trades, is a native of Philadelphia, in which city he received a careful education. He is a member of the firm of Jones & Skinner, paper merchants, and has been in the paper business since 1864. Like many other well known merchants who marched in the parade, Mr. Skinner is a veteran of 200 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. the late war, having served in the Hastings Light Battery during a large part of the conflict. FRANK SQUIER, Treasurer, is one of the most earnest veteran workers in the Republican cause to be found among the prominent paper dealers of this city. Mr. Squier is a member of the firm of Perkins, Goodwin & Co., ex- President of the Stationers' Board of Trade, and for thirty-five years has been an active factor in the paper trade. He is a resident of Brooklyn, in which city he has taken a prominent part in public and social affairs, and is an ex-Com- missioner of Parks. COLIN KEITH URQUHART, Secretary, was an efficient and untiring worker in behalf of the satisfactory representation of the paper trades in the great parade. Mr. Urquhart is Secretary and Managing editor of Howard, Lockwood & Co. , printers, and proprietors of several prosperous trade journals. COLONEL WILLIAM E. VAN WYCK, Vice President and also an Aide to General Porter, is connected with the firm of Charles F. Hubb & Co., dealers in wrapping paper and twine. Colonel Van Wyck demonstrated his enthusiasm and loyalty to the Republican cause by going to Washingion as an aide on General Porter's staff, and marching in the Inaugural Parade. He is an officer of the National Guard, a member of many patriotic societies and clubs, and a veteran of the late war. T. ALFRED VERNON, Marshal of the First Division, is one of the most prominent figures in the paper trade in New York. He is the senior member of the firm of Vernon Bros. & Co. , which was founded many years ago by Thomas Vernon and is accounted the oldest paper house in the L^nited States. Mr. Vernon is a graduate of Yale, and is a man of many social and business connections. He is Trustee of the Adelphi College in Brooklyn, and a member of many clubs and societies in New York City and Brooklyn. D. S. WALTON, Jr., Aide to the Marshal, is a member of the firm of D. S. Walton & Co. Mr. Walton organized a large company to participate in the parade from the employes of the great firm with which he is connected. CHARLES WILHELMS, Marshal of the Third Division, was born in Germany, in 1849. Removing in childhood to the United States, he was edu- cated in the public schools of New Jersey, and was apprenticed to acquire the trade of lithography in 1863. He began business for himself as a lithographer in New York in 1872. In 1881 he organized the Sackett & Wilhelms Litho- graphing Company, of which he is now President, and which, under his able management, has become an extensive and lucrative enterprise. COAL TRADE. NICHOLAS W. ANTHONY, Captain in the Third Battalion, is president of the Anthony Coal Company, ininers and shippers of anthracite coal from the I W^t. R. I'O'irS. ROIIERI' OLNI'HANT. N. W. ANTUdNV. J. <,. HANNAH. A. <;. PF.RMAM. H. E. MEEKER. ,. b. UltKSON. THK GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 201 Wyoniino- and Lackawanna \'alleys. Mr. Anlliony conmiandcd the twenty- third company of the third battaHon. JOvSli^PH B. DICKSON, Treasurer, is a member of the firm of Dickson & Eddy, coal merchants. He is General Sales Ai^-ent for the New York, Ontario & Western Railroad. Mr. Dickson is widely and favorably known in the coal trade, and is a public-spirited and popular citizen of Morristown, N. J. JOHN (t. HANNAH, Adjutant, is Treasurer of the Staples Coal Co , ex- tensive miners and shippers of coal. Mr. Hannah rendered valuable service in org'anizing- the Coal Trade Division. H. E. MEEKER. Adjutant of the Third i>attalion, is a member of the Liberty Street conting-ent. Mr. Meeker conducts an extensive business under the firm name of Meeker & Co., dealers in Lackawanna Valley and Wyoming Valley coal. FREDERIC P. MOORE, Assistant Marshal, is the president of the New York, Susquehanna &• Western Coal Company, and was one of the active promoters of the Coal Trade Sound Money Club. ROBERT OLYPHANT, Marshal, is a prominent member of a widely known and respected family, the members of which have always stood for business integrity and fair dealing. Pro])er]y, therefore, the struggle for the integrity of the nation found Mr. Olyphant marshalling his business associates for the political confiict. Mr. Olyphant is a member of the firm of Ward & Ol3q3hant, wholesale coal dealers. A. O. PERHAM, Assistant Marshal, Second Battalion, is a member of the firm of Crook (51- Perham, wholesale coal merchants. W. ROCKHILL POTTS, President, is the senior member of the firm of F. A. Potts & Co., wholesale coal merchants. A descendant of a Revolutionary soldier, it was not inappropriate that Mr. Potts should be one of the leaders in organizing the coal trade for the cause of national honor. In addition to membership in the vSociety of the Sons of the Revolution, he is an honored member of the Union League Club. PRODUCE EXCHANGE. 1<:DWARD a. ALLEN, a grain merchant on the East River front and member of the Produce Exchange, sat in the seat of counsel as Vice President and marched in command of a company as Captain. D. D. ALLERTON, who filled the office of Major, is Manager of the Erie Elevator Com]:)any. FREDERICK H. ANDREWS, Secretary, is well known to all the brokers doing business on the Produce Exchange as the efficient secretary of the Exchange. E. C. BODMAN, of the firm of :\Iilmine, Bodman & Co., grain commis- sion merchants, discharged the responsible duties of Chairman of the Finance 202 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. Committee with the discretion acquired from an active and successful business career. FRANK BRAINARD, who was born in Mahoning County, Ohio, found additional zest in working for the candidate from his native State. He w^as Second Vice-President of the Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association, member of the Executive Committee, and Major of the First Battalion of the Produce Exchange Division. He is a merchant and resides on the upper West Side. He is identified with numerous organizations in town, including the New England Society, Ohio Society, Republican Club, West Side Republican Club, West End Association, etc. Mr. Brainard has recently been elected President of the Produce Exchange. EDWARD A. ALLEN. FREDERICK H. ANDREWS. JAMES DOUGHERTY, of the firm of Orcutt & Dougherty, export and commission flour merchants, doing business on the Produce Exchange, com- manded the First Battalion. DAVID C. LINK, one of the Vice Presidents of the League, does a brokerage business on the Produce Exchange. He is a member of the Repub- lican Club of the city of New York, and was in his element on the occasion of the Sound Money Parade. THOMAS A. McINTYRE, Marshal, is senior member of the firm of Mclntyre & Wardwell, with offices in the Produce Exchange in this city, and in Chicago and Buffalo. Mr. Mclntyre is one of the most widely known mem- bers of the Exchange, of which he was long the President. A. P. REILAY, who does business on the Produce Exchange, served in the dual capacity of Vice President and Captain, and w^as as valuable an ad- viser as he was commander. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 203 WALTER H. vSANDT, xVdjutant, is a produce broker, and a well known member of the Produce Exchange. EDMUND S. WHITMAX, senior member of the firm of Whitman Brothers, commission nierchants, walked as enthusiastically in the ranks as a private as if he had been an officer. PERRY P. WILLIAMS, of the firm of Wdliams lV Terhune, freight brokers and forwarding agents, was a valuable member of the Executive Com- mittee and Maior of the Third Division. ,,...;, ' . ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS. LEFFERT L. BUCK, Marshal of the Engineers' Division, is a civil engineer of high standing. ■ : ' • .. CHARLES W. CLINTON, Aide to the Marshal, is an architect who has made a specialt}' of the great buildings now so popular in New York, and has attained mtich success in his particular line. ' . ' C. N. ELLIOTT, Adjutant and Secretary of the Division',' is connected with the famous firm of McKim, ]\Iead & White, who are among the foremost architects in the L^nited States. THEOBALD M. ENGELHARDT, xAide, was born in Brooklyn in 185 1, and has been a practising architect since iHN N. GOLDING. 1-REDERICK ZITTELL. 1 JOHN y. DUVLE, Marshal of the Real Estate Division. 2l8 THE GREAT SOUND iMONEY PARADE. estate business, which caUing he has since followed. He is the head of the firm of John F. Doyle & Sons, which is widely known in the real estate business, making a specialty of the management of estates. To Mr. Doyle's personal efforts, much of the success of the Real Estate Division was due. He labored with great earnestness for a large representation of the real estate men of New York in the Great Parade, and the great number who appeared in that division gave agreeable proof of his untiring efforts. Mr. Doyle is a man of agree- able presence and soldierly bearing, and is very popular among his business associates. COLONEL JOHN F. DOYLE, Jr., Chief of Aides, is a real estate broker, and a member of the firm of J. F. Doyle & Sons. Colonel Doyle was born in New York City. He was selected by Governor Black as a member of his military staff, an appointment which was received with much approval, as Colonel Doyle is a member of the well known Seventh Regiment, in which he has served in every branch of the service. Colonel Doyle has been identified with a number of important real estate transactions, involving large sums of money, and has acted with rare judgment, and discrimination and to the entire satisfaction of those he represented. He is a member of many prominent clubs and military organizations in New York. HORACE S. ELY. President, is a prominent real estate dealer. He is the head of the firm of H. S. Ely & Co. Mr. Ely is one of the originators of the Real Estate Sound Money Club, and was indefatigable in his efforts to secure a large and representative showing. HARRLS B. FISHER, Major, was born in 1868, and completed his edu- cation at Williams College, from which institution he graduated in 1890. In that year Mr. Fisher entered the real estate business, being connected with the office of George R. Read. He is now in business under his own name, and has manifested much ability in his chosen calling. JOHN R. FOLEY, Aide to the Marshal, is one of the more active of the younger real estate brokers. Mr. Foley is a member of the Real Estate Ex- change and Auction Rooms, and is widely known among real estate men. JOHN N. GOLDING, member of the Staff of the Grand Marshal and officer of the Real Estate Division, is a well known real estate dealer. (See Grand Marshal's Stafi:. ) SAMUEL F. JAYNE, Aide, was born in the Ninth Ward of New York City, and was educated in the public schools of New York, at Wesleyan Uni- versity and at Harvard. Mr. Jayne served on the United States Sanitary Com- mission during the War of the Rebellion, and began his career as a real estate agent with the firm of J. & W. Denham, embarking in business for himself in 1S76. In 1880 he formed a partnership with A. W. Cudner, under the firm name of S. F. Jayne & Co. Mr. Jayne is an active, public-spirited man. He has accumulated a large business by strict attention to the details of his calling, and was one of the charter members of the Real Estate Exchange. He is also HENRY C. SWORDS. S. DE WALLTEARSS. H. H. CAMMANN. E. A. CKIIKSHANK. ALKKED E. MARI.INl.. HAKKIS H. FISHER. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. 219 a director of the New York County National IJank, and is prominent in other financial enterprises. BRYAN L. KENNELLY, Vice President and Aide, is one of the most influential real estate appraisers in New York. He is the head of the firm of Bryan L. Kennelly & Co., which was established half a century ago by Mr. Kennelly's father. He is an excellent representative of the progressive and public-spirited New Yorker, a member of several well-known clubs and organ- izations, and a man of agreeable personality. HENRY M. LIBBY, Aide on the vStaft" of the Marshal, is one of the best known and most popular of the younger men in the real estate business. Mr. Libby is a member of the firm of James M. Libby & Son, long prominent among the downtown real estate houses. He was for many years a member of the Seventh Regiment, and is a man of agreeable personality and much ability. ALFRED E. MARLING, Vice President, is a member of the well known firm of H. S. Ely & Co. Mr. Marling is President of the Real Estate Exchange and Auction Rooms, and is a man of high standing in the business and social com- munities. He is extensively identified with many public and private charities, and is a member of many well known social and religious organizations. RICHARD M. MONTGOMERY, Aide, is of Scotch-Irish descent, but was born in South Bergen, N. J., in 1853. Mr. Montgomery was educated in the schools of Jersey City, and has been actively engaged in business since reaching the age of fourteen years. For the past ten years he has been identi- fied with real estate interests as a broker and real estate agent, and is now one of the best known members of his calling. ALLEN L. MORDECAI, Vice President, and member of the staff, is the senior member of the firm of A. L. Mordecai & Son, doing an extensive real estate business. He was born at Columbia, S. C, coming of a family pro- minent in the ante-bellum history of South Carolina, and particularly prominent in the part taken by the State in the late Civil War. His father, the late Benjamin Mordecai, headed the subscription list calling on South Carolina to secede, offering to furnish funds in the event of her so doing. During the war he served in the Washington Artillery of Charleston, and after the close of the war came to New York, and established himself in the manufacture of soaps and perfmnery. His real estate business was established in 1868 at No. 5 Pine Street, and his high standing among real estate operators and lenders in New York bears testimony to his long and successful career. GEO. NICHOLAS, who represented the Upper Manhattan District on the Marshal's Staff, has his offices at 1483 Broadway, near Forty-second Street. For about fifteen years he has been conducting a successful business, buying and selling on his own account, and in handling estates, in which field he has been very successful; a member of the New York Real Estate Exchange and thoroughly posted in the values of Metropolitan properties, he is up in front in real estate, and his appointment on the staff was a well-deserved compliment. 220 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. IRVING RULAND, Aide to the Marshal, is a junior partner in the firm of Ruland & Whiting, being- the son of the senior member of that firm. He was born in Brooklyn, N. Y. , in 1866, and was educated at Adelphi Academy, Brooklyn, and at Harvard University, Cambridge, from which he was gradu- ated in 1889. He was elected a Director of the Real Estate Exchange and Auction Room (Limited) in 1894-5, and a Director and the Secretary in 1895-6. He was one of the organizers of the Real Estate Board of Brokers, of which he is the Secretary and a Governor. HENRY J. SILLS, Captain, is an auctioneer and real estate broker, and the junior member of the firm of B. L. Kennelly & Co. Mr. Sills is interested in military matters, being a veteran of the famous Seventh Regiment, of which he was formerly an officer. HENRY COTHEAL SWORDS, Treasurer and member of the Mounted Division following General Porter's aides at the head of the column, was born in New York City, in 1854. Mr. Swords was educated at private and public schools in New York City, and at the College of the City of New York. He became a member of the New York Stock Exchange in 1877, and of the firm of Gold, Barber & Swords, bankers. In 1890 he was elected president of the Real Estate Trust Company. He is a man of large business interests, being a direc- tor and officer of several financial institutions. He is a member of many promi- nent social clubs and organizations, and is active as an officer in many charitable enterprises. S. DE WALLTEARSS, Vice President, is the senior member of the firm of S. de Walltearss & Co., well known real estate dealers in the lower Broad- way district. FREDERICK ZITTEL, Vice President, is one of the prominent real estate brokers of the uptown district. Mr. Zittel was born in Buffalo, but has resided in New York City since 1853. Few members of his calling are better judges of real estate values than he, and in consequence his custom is largely drawn from capitalists and investors. Mr. Zittel is a man of superior business ability and holds a prominent position in financial circles, being a director or officer is several banks and institutions. COFFEE EXCHANGE AND LOWER WALL STREET. HENRY WARD BANKS, President of the Coffee Exchange and Lower Wall Street Business Men's McKinley and Hobart Sound Money Club, is senior member of the firm of H. W. Banks & Co. It may be that Mr. Banks' birth- day had something to do with his devotion to the principles of the party of his choice. He was born in Westport, Conn., on March 4, 1824, and has voted for every presidential candidate of the Republican party since its organization. His home is in Englewood, N. J. H. M. LIIiBV. IRVING Rri.ANli. SA.ML. F-. lAVNF. KE.MSEN DARLING. I THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 22 1 WILLIAM II. FORCL, a member of the iMarshal's Staff, is senior mem- ber of the firm of Wm. II. Force & Co., forwarders, weighers and commission merchants, fire and marine insurers and Custom House brokers. His home is in Brooklyn, in which, as in New York, he has extensive social affiliations. Among other organizations he is a member of the Hamilton, Riding and Driv- ing, Brooklyn and Crescent Clubs of Brooklyn, and of the Down Town Club of New York. ALFRED F. GRAY was an efficient member of the Marshal's Staff. He is a member of the firm of Willett &' Gray, brokers in raw and refined sugars. They are the recognized authority on sugars and publishers of the '^ Sugar Trade Journal. " WILLIAM J. GRIFFITH, member of the I-2xecutive Committee, is junior member of the firm of Gustave A. Jahn & Co. WILLIAM MOHK. GUSTAVE A. JAHN, Vice President, Executive member and Marshal is senior member of the firm of Gustave A. Jahn &- Co., rice millers and dealers in sugars, syrups and molasses. The Lower Wall Street Business Men's Republican Club, which was organized in iSSo, and has maintained its organ- ization ever since under the same officers, has always been marshaled on parade occasions by Major Jahn. JOSEPH H. LESTER, who served as one of Marshal jahn's efficient Aides, is in the brokerage business and resides in l^rooklyn. WILLIAM MOHR, Aide on the Marshal's Staff, is an excellent example of the success which awaits a worthy and cnterprizing adopted citizen. He is a native of Bremen, Germany, but resides in New York. He deals in cotton with headquarters in the Cotton Exchange Building. He was as enthusi- astic on this occasion as if born under the Stars and Stripes. 222 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. CORNELIUS MORRISON, Chairman of the Executive Committee, is one of the older generation of merchants of New York. He is a member of the firm of Creighton, Morrison & ^leehan, and has been a broker in the coffee trade since 1863. Among- his other business connections he is president of the Brewster Cocoa Manufacturing Co., of Newark, N. J. His experience and judgment were of great value in the direction of the work of the Committee. Mr. Morrison was one of the pioneers in organizing the Business Men's Demon- stration, and to him belongs much of the credit for the success of Republican parades in past campaigns. With a thoughtfulness born of long experience, he was the first to secure police permission for the Great Parade of October 31st, and prizes as interesting mementoes of the event the correspondence with the city officials covering the necessary permission in behalf of his Association and the Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association. JAMES H. POST'S position on the Marshal's Staff was a veritable post of honor, but no sinecure in his possession. Mr. Post is a well known sugar merchant in the lower Wall Street district. JAMES C. RUSSELL, a member of the Executive Committee, of the firm of Williams, Russell & Co. , brokers, brought to the organization his valu- able experience in numerous other associations and materially promoted the success of his division. He is a member of numerous social, political and athletic clubs in New York and Brooklyn, in which latter city he resides. PIERRE J. SMITH, member of the firm of Smith & Schipper, commis- sion merchants, of New York and London, was one of Col. Jahn's most active and helpful Aides. Mr. Smith is an earnest advocate of Reptiblican principles, and has for years been a member of the Republican Club of the city of New York. JOHN R. STANTON, of the Marshal's Staff, is treasurer of copper min- ing companies. Mr. Stanton comes of good old Revolutionary ancestry, but does not depend on his dead progenitors for his record. He is a Seventh Regiment Veteran, and had seen many a long march before that of the Sound Money Parade. ABRAM WAKEMAN, a merchant, performed the arduous duties of Secretary, and by his hours of industrious application added greatly to the success of the division. PROTECTIVE MACHINERY. WILLIAM E. DAVIS, Captain, is a member of the firm of Denman & Davis, agents for the Benjamin Atha & Illingworth Co., manufacturers of merchant bar forgings and castings. A. C. DENMAN, Jr., Vice President, and Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is a steel merchant, a member of the firm of Denman & Davis, agents for the widely known Benjamin Atha 8z Illingworth Co. JOHN P. LEV. RU\ AL E. DEANE. CHAS. B. BOYNTON. WILLIAM J. .MYERS. GEORGE C. PENNELL. ALEX. B. JOHNSTON. ROBERT CAMPBELL, J. \V. ABENDROTH. \V. M. .MACKAY. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 22^ CHARLES A. MOORE, President, is a merchant and manufacturer of high standing. He is a member of the well known firm of Manning, Maxwell & Moore. Mr. Moore is also identified with many other important manu- facturing interests. He is President of the Pond Machine Tool Company, Ashcroft Manufacturing Company, and the Consolidated Safety Valve Company. CUMMINGS H. TUCKER, Jr., Lieutenant Colonel, is a well known hard- ware merchant in the downtown district. Mv. Tucker is descended from a soldier of the Revolution, and is a member of the Society of the Sons of the Revolution. STOVE, RANGE AND FURNACE DIVISION. J. W. ABENDROTH, a member of the ^larshal's Staff, is a native of Portchester, N. Y., but has long resided in New York City. He is a member of the firm of Abendroth Bros., extensive dealers in stoves and furnaces. PETER B. ACKER, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is the manager of the Union Stove Works, one of the largest enterprises in the trade. CHARLES B. BOYNTON, Marshal of the Division, was born in Boston, in 1850, but has long been actively engaged in business in New York, and is a resident of Orange, N. J. Mr. Boynton is widely known in tlie stove business as one of the leading and most successful merchants in that line in New York. He is Vice President of the Boynton Furnace Co. ROBERT CAMPBELL, a member of the Marshal's Stafi:", is well known in the stove district. He is manager of the Abram Cox Stove Works and Heating Specialties. ROYAL EARL DEANE, on the Stafi: of the Marshal, was born in Rock- ingham, Vt. At the age of thirteen he entered the trade of tin plate and sheet iron workers. Mr. Deane is a dealer in cooking, heating and ventilating appa- ratus, and has been identified with this line of business for more than fifty years. He is widely known and respected in the trade. Mr. Deane is a mem- ber of several important societies and organizations. JUDSON A. GOODRICH, a member of the Marshal's Stafi", is well known in the stove trade, being the manager of the Barstow Stove Company, manu- facturers and dealers in stoves and ranges. ALEXANDER B. JOHNSTON, a member of the Marshal's Staft", is the manager of the Raymond & Campbell Co., manufacturers and dealers in stoves and ranges. WILLIAM KERBY, Adjutant and Chief of Staff, was born in Brooklyn, in 1856, graduating from the public schools of that city, and still resides there. He is a dealer in furnaces and ranges in the lower stove district, and is well known in his calling. He is much interested in military aft'airs, being a Cap- tain in the Thirteenth Reeiment, National Guard. 224 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. JOHN p. LEY, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, was born in Lancaster, Pa., in 1850. Mr. Ley has been identified with the stove, range and furnace trade for nearly thirty years, having been employed in various positions of re- sponsibility with some of the leading manufacturers. He is now connected with the Liberty Stove Works, being the Manager of the New York branch of Charles W. Noble & Co., of Philadelphia. WILLIAM M. MACKAY, Lieutenant, and Aide on the Marshal's Staff, has been a heating engineer for the past twenty-seven years, and occupies the position of Manager of the Hart & Crouse Co. Mr. Mackay is prominent in his JUDSON A. G10DRICH. WILLIAM KE.=?BV. line, being President of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers. He is also a member of many we]l known social organizations. WILLIAM J. MYERS, a member of the Marshal's Staff, was born in New York City forty years ago, and graduated from the public schools of Brooklyn. He has been connected with the Union Stove Works for the past twenty years, beginning as bookkeeper, and advancing through the different departments until he now occupies a position of trust and responsibilit3\ Mr. Myers resides in Brooklyn. THE GRKAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. 22 S GEORGE C. PENNELL, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, was born m Goshen, N. Y., thirty-five years ago, and was graduated from the Newark Acad- emy, Newark, N. J. He is a salesman and is connected witli the Union Stove Works of this city, with whicli extensive business entcr])rise he has been con- nected for the past six vears. CHARLES W. RICHARDS, a member of the Staff of the Marshal, is the New York manager of the Kernan Furnace Co., of Utica, and the Syracuse Stove Works, of Syracuse, N. Y. (I'ortrait, page 230.) PUBLISHERS AND ADVERTISERS. GEORGE BATTEN, Vice President, is tlie head of the firm of George Batton eK: Co., well know advertising agents in the newspaper district. A. W. DODSWORTH. Aide to the Marshal, is Secretary and Business Manager of the Journal of Coiiiuiercc and Commercial Bulletin. HENRY DRISLER, Jr., Marshal, is the Advertising Manager of Harper Bros., a position which Mr. Drisler fills with great ability in spite of its mani- fold exactions. HENRY HALL, Vice President of the Publishers' Division and Aide on the Stafi: of the Marshal of the Newspaper Trade, is the Business Manager of the New York Tribune, which prominent and responsible position Mr. Hall has occupied for nearly twenty years. Among the Managers of the great daily papers of New York Mr. Hall is known as one of the most untiring, fearless and efficient. He is prominent in many social and political organi- zations in the metropolis. ROBERT JUDSON KENWORTHY, Quartermaster, is a newspaper advertising agent, well known in the profession. A. FRANK RICHARDSON, Vice President, is a well-known advertising agent, who makes a specialty of certain leading papers, and is known among his business associates as "Known Circulation Richardson." ALFRED E. ROSE, Colonel, commanding the Seventh Battalion, is the Advertising Manager of the great firm of Scott & Bowne. NATHANIEL TUTTLE, Vice President, is the Advertising Manager and Cashier of the AVtc York Tribune. Mr. Tuttle has been connected with The Tribune for many years, having won his way to trust and responsibility by un- tiring fidelity. Mr. Tuttle is now one of the active managers of Tlie Tribune, and is widely known in Newspaper Row as a shrewd and successful business man. DAVID WILLIAMS, Colonel, commanding the Fifth Battalion, is well known in the publishing business in New York. He is the editor of the Iron Age, one of the best known trade publications in the country. 226 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. JEWELERS. HENRY S. AIKIN, Captain, is a member of the old-established firm of Aikin, Lambert & Co. , manufacturers of pen and pencil cases. FRANCIS R. APPLETON, a member of the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is a member of the well known firm of Robbins & Appleton. (See Staff of the Grand Marshal.) J. B. BOWDEN, President, was born in Brooklyn in 1852. He was educated at Flushing, N. Y., and has been actively engaged in the jewelry business for many years. He is the senior meinber of the firm of J. B. Bowden & Co., manufacturing jewelers, making a specialty of rings. He is prominent in the trade, an officer of the Jewelers' Security Alliance, New York Jewelers' ASvSociation and the Jewelers' League. M. L. BOWDEN, Personal Aide to the Marshal, was born in Flushing, N. Y., in 1857. He has been identified with the jewelry business since com- pleting his education, being a inember of the well known firm of J. B. Bowden & Co., manufacturing jewelers and ring makers. Mr. Bowden resides in Brooklyn. WILLIAM F. CHAMBERS, Captain, is connected with the well known firm of Doggett & Clap, manufacturing jewelers, and is a member of several prominent social and athletic clubs. GEORGE E. FAHYS, Aide to the Grand Marshal, is a manufacturer of watch cases. He is President of the Alvin Manufacturing Company, and a member of the firm of Joseph Fahys & Co., Vice President of the Montauk Steamboat Company, President of the Brooklyn Watch Case Company and Director in the Jeweler's Board of Trade. Mr. Fahys resides in Brooklyn. He is a graduate of the School of Mines, Columbia College. OLIVER G. FESSENDEN, Marshal, was born in Rockland, Maine, and graduated from the Harvard Law School. Mr. Fessenden is a member of the firm of Hayden W. Wheeler & Co , importers of diamonds and dealers in watches and jewelry. The energy which he displayed iu behalf of the large and effective representation of his fellow^ business men in the Great Parade is characteristic of his business and social life. He resides in Stamford, Conn., where he is a leader in public and social matters. CHARLES R. JUNG, Captain, is a member of the firm of Jung, Staiger & Klitz, manufacturing jewelers. J. C. MOUNT, Member of the Executive Committee, is connected with the well-known firm of Mount & Woodhull, importers of precious stones. LUDWIG NISSEN, Member of the Executive Committee, is a prominent manufacturer and importer of diamond jewelry. He was born at Husum in Schleswig-Holstein in 1855, and landed at New York in 1872, with a capital of $2.50. Honesty, untiring energy, and a remarkable natural aptitude for trade, have brought success to Mr. Nissen after vears of vicissitude and effort. He WILLIAM F. CHAMBERS. ^t. L. I'.OWDEN. A. P.AKKER SMOW. C. E. FAHYS. H. l;. THOKNI.rRY. BENJAMIN F. KEES. CHARLES R, JUNG. THE GRKAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 227 is the founder and head of the firm of Ludwig, Nissen tS: Co. Mr. Nissen resides in Brooklyn where he is a prominent and public-spirited citizen. ALFRED S. PITT, Personal Aide to the Marshal, was born in Stamford, Conn , in which city he still resides. Mr. Pitt began business in 1886, and is a member of the firm of Marccllus & Pitt. BENJAMIN F. REES, Captain, is a member of the firm of Rees, Zimmer & Rees, extensive wholesale dealers in jewelry. A. BARKER SNOW, Secretary, was born in Boston, Mass., but was reared and educated in Western New York. He enlisted in the 6ist Regiment, N.Y., as a drummer boy in iS6j. Mr. Snow is a member of the firm of Snow & Westcott, having been identified with that firm and its predecessors since 1873. Among many earnest workers in the Jewelry Division Mr. Snow was conspicu- ous for his energy and discretion in the work of organization and equipment. HARRY B. THORNBURY, Member of the Executive Committee, is widel}' known in the jewelry trade in New York, and indeed in the United States. He has been connected with the firm of C. G. Alford & Co. for twenty-seven years and for the last ten years of this period has been a meniber of the firm. WILLARD H. WHEELER, Aide to the Marshal, is a member of the' firm of H. W. Wheeler &Co. , one of the oldest and best known houses in the wholesale jew-elr}- line in the country. Mr. Wheeler was born in 1863, and was educated at Amherst College. Among the younger men in the trade few^ possess higher Inisiness qualifications or greater popularity. CHARLES F. WOOD, Member of the Executive Committee, was born at" New Providence, N. j., in 1852. He entered in the jewelry business in New York City in 1871. and began business for himself as an engraver and diamond cutter in 1872. He is the head of the firm of Chas. F. Wood & Co , importers of precious stones. He is an officer of several trade associations. 'Mv. Wood is an earnest Republican, having been an officer of the Jewelers' Republican Club in several preceeding campaigns. DRUGS AND PAINTS. OTTO P. AMEND, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of the firm of Eimer & Amend, one of the most extensive and widely known firms in the wholesale drug business. C. GRAHAM BACON, Jr , Vice President and Aide on the Staff of the Grand Marshal, is a well known wholesale druggist. (See Grand Marshal's Staff.) JOHN CLAY, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is the Manager of the house of Parke, Davis & Co., who are widely known in the down town whole- sale district, as dealers in drugs and chemicals. SAMUEL W. FAIRCHILD, Marshal Third Division, was born at Strat- ford, Conn., and is widely known as a manufacturing chemist of high repute. 228 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE Mr. Fairchild was long; President of the College of Pharmacy, Chairman of the Drug Section of the Board of Trade and was one of the Commissioners of New York City at the Columbian Exposition. WILLIAM S. MERvSEREAU, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, was born in this city in 1837. He was prepared for college at the Collegiate Institute of the late Paoli Durkee, at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., but decided upon a business career instead, although manifesting much literary abilit3\ Accordingly in 1855, relinquishing the prospect of college honors, he entered C. GRAHAM BACON, JR. ANDREW r.. ROGERS. OTTO P. AMESD. the drug house of Schieffelin Brothers & Co. This famous old firm was established in 1794, and during its long and prosperous existence the name of Schieffelin & Co. has been a synonym of fair and just dealing. Mr. Mersereau entered the firm first as a post-office boy. After forty years of honorable and devoted service he has risen to the position of second member of the great firm of Schieffelin Sz Co. Mr. Mersereau is an active member of the Canonaugha Club, which owns extensive preserves in the Adirondacks, and of the City Club of New York, and the Town and Country Club of Elizabeth, N.J.* where THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE, 229 he resides. In politics Mr. Mersereau is a Sound Mcnie)- Democrat, who, on question of principle, worked and voted for McKinley and Hobart. GENERAL EDWARD L. MOLINEUX, Marshal, is widely known and respected for many agreeable personal and business ([ualities. He is super- intendent and director of the corporation of F. W. Devoe & C. T. Raynolds Company, which is one of the largest business enterprises in the Hue of paints and colors in the Unites States. General Molineux is a distinguished veteran of the War of the Rebellion, having been promoted to the rank of brevet major general. He also reached the rank of major general in the New York State National Guard. He is a member of several military clubs, and is a highly esteemed citizen of Brooklyn. JOHN J. RIKER, Aide on the Stafif of the Marshal, is one of the few fortunate Americans who claim membership in the historic Society of the Cin- cinnati. He is a respected merchant in the lower wholesale district. Mr. Riker was actively connected with the State militia from 1878 to 1889, having been an officer of the Seventh and Twelfth Regiments, and Inspector of the First Brigade. He is a member of several prominent patriotic societies. ANDREW B. ROGERS, Jr., Chief of Staff, was born in New York, in 1851. He began his business career at the age of iifteen. In 1S72 he became a member of the brokerage firm of Dickinson & Rogers, changed in 1876 to Buswell & Rogers, and in 1881 organized the present firm of Rogers & Pyatt extensive importers of East India goods, especially shellac. To Mr. Rogers is due much of the credit of organizing and equipping the host that marched under the banners of the Drug and Paint Division. He .-. actively interested in commercial associations, in politics (having been an ei ctor on the Harrison and Morton ticket in 1SS8), and in many important social organizations. GEORGE J. SEABURY, President and Assistant Marshal, commanding the First Division, is a prominent manufacturing chemist and pharmacist. He is a member of the firm of vSeabury & Johnson, and is well known in Repub- lican politics in New York. STEAM, WATER AND GAS. JOHN J. BOYD, Adjutant, is a member of the firm of Cornell, Underbill & Boyd, contractors and dealers in mechanical supplies. MORSE BURTIS, Vice President and Captain, is a well-known dealer in iron pipe, having been actively engaged in the business for the i)ast thirty years. Mr. Burtis is a descendant of Revolutionary ancestors, and is a member of several well known patriotic and social organizations. CHARLES HARRISON, Captain, is one of the better known of the younger m,n in the trade, being a successful and energetic business man. He is a dealer in plumbing supplies. 230 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. JOHN J. BOYD. H. OSBORNE. CHARLHS W. RICHARDS. LOUIS F. MERIAN, Major commanding the Second Battalion, is the secretary of the Mayor, Lane & Co. corporation, dealers in plumbers' and steam fitters' supplies. Mr. Merian is widely known in the trade as an energetic and successful business man. " ^ E. H. OSBORNE, Assistant Marshal, occupies the responsible position of cashier of the National Tube Works, a great combination of important tube works and rolling mills. CHARLES H. SIMMONS, Marshal, born in New York in 1862, is in the iron, pipe and fittings business, and is Vice President of the John Simmons Company, an enterprise established by his father in 1880. Mr. Simmons was one of the leading spirits in organizing the Division of Manufacturers and Dealers in Supplies of Steam, Water and Gas, and was largely instrumental in securing their large representation in the parade. He resides in Brooklyn, is a member of many well known clubs in that city, and is actively interested in Republican politics. THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. '31 MORSE BIKTIS. CHARLES HAKKISON. WALTER B. TUFTS. CHARLES H. SIMMONS. LOl'IS F. MERIAN. WALTER B. TUFTS, Division Adjutant, is a dealer in pipes, fittings and mill supplies, and is an active and earnest Republican, being identified with several prominent political and social organizations. HIDE AND LEATHER. F. A. M. BURRELL, a member of the Executive Committee and Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of the well known firm of Charles A Schieren & Co., one of the best known firms in the leather district. COLONEL EUGENE H. CONKLIN, Marshal, is a well known leather importer and manufacturer, a member of the firm of Mulford, Cary & Conklin, widelv known in the leather district. Colonel Conklin is a veteran of the late 232 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. war, was long a Colonel of the vSeventy-first Regiment Veteran Association, and is an Aide on the Staff of the Commander in Chief of the G. A. R. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and many other commercial and social organizations, and is an earnest and consistent Republican, having been active in many past campaigns. CAPTAIN JAMES B. DEWSON, Chief of Staff, is a leather broker with business offices in the lower district. He is the head of the well known firm of James B. Dewson & Co. THOMAS W. HALL, a member of the Staff" of the Marshal, is a well known wholesale leather merchant, doing busi- ness in the lower district. Mr. Hall resides in Stamford, Conn. CHARLES E. HAUSELT, Aide on the vStaff of the Marshal, is senior member of the firm of Charles Hauselt, manufac- turers and importers of leather. EDWARD R. LADEW, President, is the senior member of the firm of Fayerweather & Ladew, manufacturers of leather belting. Mr. Ladew is one of the most influential and respected merchants in the leather district. His firm is widely known and respected for the munificence and high standing of its members. NORMAN L REES, Secretary, is a member of the firm of Hans Rees' Sons. J. ROBERTSON, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of the well known firm of L. F. Robertson & Sons, dealers in leather. OSCAR SCHERER, Aide on the Staff' of the Marshal, is a member of the well known firm of Charles Hauselt, manu- facturers and importers of leather and importers of high grade dressings. ROBERT R. WILLETTS, Vice President, is well known in the leather district, and is a commission merchant and dealer in hides and leather. EDWARD K. LADEW. BOOT AND SHOE AND RUBBER TRADE. JAMES A. BELL, Aide to the Marshal of the Shoe Division, is a promi- nent wholesale boot and shoe merchant, being a member of the firm of Park, Bell & Co. \VM. I. VOING. JAMES A. HELL. J. LEVINESS GILLMAN. F. H. LOCk-WOOD. W. D. r.LOODGOOl). THli GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 233 W. D. BLOODGOOD, :\Iarshars Aide in the Rubber Division, is Secretary and Treasurer of the Coronado Rubl)er Company, nianufaeturers of maekin- toshes and cravenette elothini^", and dealers in rubber and oil goods. RICHARD BUTLER is the president of the Butler Hard Rubber Com- pany, and was actively interested in the tine shcnving- of the Mercer Street conting-ent of the Rubber Division. COLUMBIA RUBBER WORKS COMPANY, extensive manufacturers of rubber goods, were active promoters of the success of the Rubber Division, and turned out a large number of employes in the Parade. C. H. DALE, Captain. The suc- cess of the Rubl)er Division was largely (^^^'•^•'*^-*^-^-*^-=*^'*^^-^-=*^ due to the energetic efforts of Mr. Dale. He is President of the Peerless Rubber -. Manufacturing Company, an enterprise j which was prominent in organizing the '^ Rubber Division, and supplied one 'if hundred and fifty paraders from their own employes. NATHANIEL C. FISHER, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a native of New York City. He is a graduate of Yale University, in the class of 81. Mr. Fisher is a merchant. He is a member of the firm of Nathaniel Fisher &' Co., wholesale shoe dealers, and is an active member of several well known clubs and social organizations. J . L E V I N E S S G I L L M A N , Marshal of the Rul)ber Division, was born in New York in 187 1. He was educated in the public schools of Bloom - field, N. J. Since 1887, Mr. Gillman has been connected witli the Goodyear Rubber Manufacturing Company as a salesman. He is also Treasurer of The Folding Bicycle Company, and a mem])er of the firm of Gihman & Ross, Brooklyn. He is interested in military matters, having be- longed to the Twenty-third Regiment, and the Forty-seventh Regiment. N. G., S.N. Y. With the latter organization, Mr. Gillman is still identified as an officer. THE INDIA RUBBER COMB COMPANY were actively identified with the success of their division, officers and employes being alike interested. The companv is the oldest hard rubber manufacturing enterprise in the world, having been established in 185 i. The factory is located at College Pomt, N. \ ., and the companv employs about seven hundred hands. Fritz Achehs is the president, Chas. A. Hovt treasurer, and N. N. Weitling secretary. % *^r»i"fer»;"^:*>:* MAC;0\ KKN. 234 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. F. H. LOCKWOOD, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal of the Shoe Division, is a dealer in boots and shoes in the wholesale district. He is a member of the firm of Powell & Campbell. J. E. MAGOVERN was an Aide. He is a member of the firm of Thompson Bros., wholesale dealers in boots and shoes. C. C MILLER, Captain, is treasurer of the Peerless Rubber Manufac- turing Company, manufacturers of rainbow packing airbrake hose and fine mechanical rubber goods. DANIEL P. MORSE, Marshal of the Boot and Shoe Division, is one of the best known representatives of the shoe trade in New York, being a member of the firm of Morse & Rogers, wholesale dealers in shoes. WILLIAM J. YOUNG, Vice President, was born in Glasco, N. Y., and educated at the public schools of New York City. He has been connected with the shoe trade for twenty-nine years, being a well known merchant in the whole- sale shoe district. M. RITTENHOUSE. WEST SIDE MERCHANTS. EDWIN J. GILLIES is senior mem- ber of the firm of Edwin J. Gillies & Co., tea importers, coffee roasters and spice grinders. His vigor and activity in his position of Assistant Marshal showed that he was worthy of the honor conferred in his selection. JOHN IRELAND HOW^E, Marshal of the Second Division, was born in New York in 1845, his ancestors having settled in Connecticut early in the seventeenth century. Mr. Howe began business in 1867, in the firm of Fleming, Adams & Howe, wholesale grocers, in which calling he remains an active and influential mer- chant. Mr. Howe resides in Roselle, N. J. B. FRANKLIN HART, Marshal, is a well known commission merchant in the West Side district. DANIEL E. MANTON, Adjutant General, is a prosperous produce com- mission merchant in the down town district THE GREAT SOUND .MONKV I'AKADE 235 ABRAHAM G. REED, Aide to the Marshal, is a respected produce com- mission merchant, in the West Side district. M. RITTENHOUvSE, Vice President, and one of the Marshal's Aides, constitutes the firm doing a produce commission business under the style of Brown & Rittenhouse. WILLIAM WILLS, President, is a prominent and highly respected West Side merchant. He is General Manager of the Mercantile Exchange. HARNESS. FRANCIS T. LUQUEER, Jr., is the head of the house of R. S. Luqueer & Co., importers, manufacturers and dealers in foreign and domestic saddlery hardware, harness, harness leather, blankets, etc. The firm is widely known in the trade, having had a long and honorable career. It was established in 18 14. FRANCIS T. Ll'ijIJEER. WAI.IEK C. WAI.DRilN J. NEWTON VAN NK<;s. JOHN T. SLINGERLAND, Secretary, is a dealer in saddlery and felt goods. J NEWTON VAN NESS, Marshal, is one of the best known merchants in the harness line, being the head of the well known firm of J. N. Van Ness & Co. 236 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. WALTER C. WALDRON, Aide to the Marshal, is the head of the firm of J. V. Waldron & Brother, manufacturers of high grade harness ornaments. The firm is the oldest in its line of trade in America, having been established in 1858. MILLINERY. JOHN L. BAKER, Marshal and President of the Millinery Trade Organi- zation, is one of the best known and most respected merchants in the miUinery trade. Mr. Baker is also Treasurer of the Drevet Manufacturing Company, and Director in the Consolidated Fire Works Company. He is a strong Repub- lican, and for the past twelve years has been a leader in the organization of his division for parade and campaign purposes in the various presidential campaigns. EDWIN B. BAvSSETT, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of the well known firm of Edwin P. Bassett & Sons. PERCIVAL J. BERNHARD, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of the well known firm of Joseph Bernhard & Son, importers of fancy straw braids and manufacturers of pattern bonnets and trimmed hats. JAMES M. BINGHAM, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, was one of the active promoters of the Millinery Division, and is a well known and prosperous merchant. He is a member of the firm of James H. Johnson & Co. CHARLES S. BURR, a member of the Staff of the Marshal, is the senior member of the firm of J. S. Plummer & Co., straw goods importers, which was organized in 1862, and is one of the oldest and most extensiv^e in the trade. GRANVILLE F. DAILEY, Chief of Stafi:, is a member of the firm of Searle, Dailey, & Co. , well known as prominent manufacturers of straw goods. HENRY FATTON, a member of the Staff of the Marshal, is a dealer in millinery goods and ostrich feathers. WILLIAM HENRY, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is the senior member of the firm of L. S. Henry & Co., importers and manufacturers of flowers and feathers. CHARLES P. KRANTZ, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is connected with the well known firm of Sullivan, Drew & Co. M. C. LIGHTEN, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of the firm of Heimann & Lichten. JOHN MILES, an Aide on the StalT of the Marshal, is a prominent dealer in mourning goods in the Broadway district. W. E. MORRIS, Adjutant, is a well known, popular dealer in milHnery goods, Broadway. A. S. RASCOVAR, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of the well known firm of A. W. Maas & Co., manufacturers of artificial flowers. JOSEPH SCHULTZ, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a well known manufacturer of straw goods and ladies' felts. BENJAMIN STEARNS. WILLIAM HENR\'. H. SINAUEK. MORRIS C. LIGHTEN. \V. E. lIORRi .\. S. RASCON AR. CHAS. 1'. KKANTZ. JOHN MILES. C. S. BIRR. THE GREAT SOUND iMONKY l'ARAl>E. 237 H. SINAUER, Aide on the vStaff of the ^Marshal, is an importer and manu- faeturer of mourning- novelties, the lirm being II. Siiiauer, with New York and Paris offices. BENJAMIN STEARNS, Aide on the Staff of the .Marshal, is a member of the firm of Stearns & Spingarn, extensive dealers in millinery supplies. MAURICE VEIT, Colonel of the First Division, is an importer and member of the firm of Veit, Son & Co. W. P. WALTON, Assistant Marshal, in command of the Second Division. Mr. Walton is well known in the millinery trade. Pie is connected with the firm of Sullivan, Drew & Co., extensive dealers in nnllinerv. HARDWARE. RUSSELL Sz ERWIN MANUFACTURING COMPANY occupied the right of the line. This company is widely know-n to the hardware trade all over the United States, and in extent of output has few rivals. The company was incorporated in 1839. It has factories in New Britain, Conn., and Dayton, O., and branches in Philadelphia. Baltimore and London. J. L. VARICK. is an officer of the Union Nut and Bolt Company, one of l|<«^-^*^-^-^.'^^'^^-'«^'>«'^^-^«^-''«^^«^-« the most extensive manufacturing enter- prises in the trade. The company was represented in the parade by a large number of employes. CLOTHING. MAX ERNST, Marshal, was born in Germany in 1859. He came to America in 1872, securing employment successively in Philadelphia, Canton, O. , and Pittsburg, Pa. , coming eventu- ally to New York, where he began business as a traveling salesman without salary. Mr. Ernst is now the proprietor of a clothing house doing a business of 'L a million a year. He is a member of i^ many social, benevolent and political organizations. MAX EKNST. 238 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. HATS AND CAPS. C. F. BEATTY, Marshal, is a printer of hat tips. Mr. Beatty is a promi- nent Mason, having attained to the 33d degree in that fraternity, ALEXANDER CALDWELL, a member of the Executive Committee of the Business Men's Republican and Sound Money Association, is also a member of the Executive Committee of the Hatters' Sound Money Club, and is one of the most earnest and influential Republicans among the business men of New York. Mr. Caldwell is a member of the firm of Bill & Caldwell, dealers in hats and straw goods. He was one of the organizers of the Hatters' Division, and has been a moving spirit among the the Republicans in his line of business in many campaigns. To Mr. Caldwell's energy, is due much of the credit for the great number of McKinley and Hobart campaign flags which hung along THE GREAT SOUND MONEY I'ARADE. ,.„ Broadway and adjacent streets, having been instrumental in unfurling eighteen of these flags on Broadway and in cross streets. To Mr. Caldwell is also due the credit for having originated the famous phrase, "We know no enemy's country in this fair land of ours." He is a member of the Republican Club, having been one of the founders of that well known organization and an active worker for its welfare, and was instrumental in securing its present handsome house. He has also been a member of the Republican County Committee, one of the originators of the West Side Republican Club, and has been active in nearly every movement of municipal and political importance for many years. EMANUEL DENZER, a member of the Executive Committee, is a well known wholesale hatter in the Broadway district. JOHN A. DERMODY, member of the Executive Committee, is a mem- ber of the firm of Hitchcock & Dermody, manufacturers and dealers in hats and furs. Mr. Dermody is one of the veterans of the trade, having been in the business for thirty-two years. CHARLES EICHHOLD, Aide to the Marshal, is a member of the firm of Eichhold & Miller. Mr. Eichhold's firm was largely represented among the paraders in the Hat Division. CHARLES E. KEATOR, Aide to the Marshal, is connected with the well known firm of Dunlap & Co., hat manufacturers, being in charge of the Brooklyn factory of the firni. W. P. MONTAGUE, a member of the Executive Committee, is a well known hatter in the uptown district, and one of the active and energetic members of the Hatters' Republican Sound Money Club. The work of flag raising, which was taken up by the Executive Committee, was carried forward with enthusiasm by Air. Montague, who was instrumental in raising many of the flags in the district from Union Square, north. The five flags which were unfurled on September 4th were really the result of the eflorts of Mr. Montague. EMIL RINKE, Treasurer, and member of the Executive Committee, is a member of the firm of Edelhoft' Sz Rinke, importers and commission merchants, and importers of hatters' trimmings. WILLIAM ROWLAND, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a member of the firm of Rowland Sz Son, hat manufacturers. This firm is one of the oldest and best known firms in the hat trade, having been established in 1859. E. J. VAN SICKLE, a member of the Executive Committee, is well known in the " hatting business." He is the manager of the New Milford Hat Co. Mr. Van Sickle is an earnest Republican, and was active in the organ- ization of the Hatters' Division. W. T. WALSH, Aide to the Marshal, is an influential business man, well known in the upper wholesale "Hatting" District, about Washington Place. 240 THE GREAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. CLOAKS. G. HARRY ABBOTT, Chief of vStaff and wSecretary, was born in Lees- burg, Va., 1871. In 1882 he moved to Baltimore and ten years later to New York, where he engaged in publishing a trade paper. He is now publisher of the Cloak and Suit Review, and Third Vice President of the American Trade Press Association. Mr. Abbott is an influential factor in the cloak and suit trade. The Cloak and Suit Division of the Great Parade was organized through his efforts. FREDERICK BLATT, Aide to the Marshal, is a respected merchant in the uptown wholesale district. He is a manufacturer of cloaks and suits. RALPH BLUM, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, was born in 1861, in a small French village on a farm within the suburbs of the city of Strassburg, Alsace-Lorraine. Coming to this country at the age of five years with his father, he attended the public schools and at the age of twelve began to struggle for a business career in the dry goods business. As a boy he was studious, reading works of high order, and became early in his life the posses- sor of a fine library. Mr. Blum is now a prosperous manufacturer of women's wear, conducting a business which extends all over the country. He is a man of gentlemanly bearing, and his liberal views and philanthropic spirit in public matters connected with the city of Philadelphia, have won for him a high position in the Quaker City, in which he resides. ALBERT BLUMENTHAL, Escort to the Mayor, is a manufacturer of cloaks and suits. He is a member of the well known firm of Blumenthal Brothers & Company. JOHN E. DILLON, Aide to the Marshal, is connected with the well known house of H. O'Neill & Co. as buyer and Manager. A. FRIEDLANDER, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is well known in the trade. He is a manufacturer of cloaks and suits in the wholesale clothing district. CAPTAIN ABE H. HERTS, Marshal, was born in New York and grad- uated from the College of the City of New York. Captain Herts is Senior Captain and Brevet Major of the Twelfth Regiment, N. G., S. N. Y. He is a famous rifle shot, and was a member of the rifle team which went to England in 1883. BENJAMIN INDIG, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is the senior mem- ber of the firm of Indig, Berg & Co., extensive dealers in suits and cloaks. J. HENRY ROTHSCHILD, Marshal, is one of the best known manufac- turers of cloaks in New York. He is a member of the firm of Meyer, Jonasson & Co. THE CRF.AT SOUND MONF.Y I'ARADI'.. UNITED ITALIAN DIVISION. 24T JAMES E. MARCH, the marshal of the United Italian Business Men's McKinley & Hobart Club, possesses a personality and record so interesting as to merit especial mention. In the g-reat parade there were doubtless thousands who were interesting, and, indeed, conspicuous examples of self-achieved success, but it is not likely that any man in that great host had won prosperity in the face of such adverse conditions as had ]\Ir. March. He landed in Amer- ica in 1S73, a friendless Italian lad of 12 years. In 1896 he was numbered among the semi-millionaires of the metropolis. Beginning as a farm hand at Narrowsburgh, Lewis County, N. Y., he occupied all his spare time attending the public school, and in 1876 was employed by Charles Curtiss of Lowville, N.Y., in the milk and commission business, but he persistently continued his schooling. Mr. March began business on his own account in May, 1877, by peddling milk through the village of Lowville in the morning and evening. It was a humble beginning, but it led to success, for the youthful milkman continued steadfast in his resolve to obtain an education and attended tlie Lowville Academy during the day. After passing the Regents" Examination in 1S80 or 1881, he came to New York and was employed by the Union News Co. In the course of three months he was offered employment on the New York, Lake Erie and Western R. R. as usher. Promotion came ([uickly to doorman, and again to train-starter. He then assisted in running the emi- gration train, ability to speak the Italian language making his services very valuable to the Company. During the strike of the 'longshoremen in 1882 Mr. March was placed in charge of the Company's docks. Through his eiforts the Company was successful in adjusting the difficulty, and Mr. March's ser- vices were of such value as to be gratefully recalled by the officials of the road. In 18S3 he left the Company's service (to go into the liquor business, at 121 Mulberry street), but at the repeated solicitation of the vSuperintendent of the Erie Railroad, he re-entered the Company's employment in 1885. In return for the very valuable and efficient services Mr. March had rendered, he was appointed general overseer of the Itahan laborers employed on the road, numbering from 2,000 to 3,000 men. He was also granted the privilege of supplying these employes with provisions Mr. March has continued to fill this position efficiently until the present day. His investments and financial affairs have been increasingly important and uniformly successful. Mr. March has always been ready with advice and assistance for his fellow- countrymen; he takes pride in the fact that his success is entirely owing to his own efforts, backed by perseverance and ambition. His purse is always open to help any deserving cause and he contributes freely to the political party with which he is associated, looking for no reward other than the prosperity which its success promotes. JAMES E. MARCH, Marslial of the Uuited Italiau Division. THE GRKAT SOUND MONEY PARADE. 243 Mr. March has built a handsome summer residence for his family, at Lowville, where he attended school and first embarked in business. He is regarded by the citizens with much pride, as a remarkable example of the manner in which hardships may be overcome and success assured, by energy, sound sense and' self-denial. In politics Mr. March is a Republican. He is the most prominent and influential member of the James E. March Association, a social-political organization, with headquarters at 37 Marion street, and uses his influence at all times in the interest of the Republican candidates. FISH DEALERS. GEORGE T. MOON, Marshal, is a well known flsh dealer in Fulton Market. RICHARD SANDIFORD, Aide on the Staff of the Marshal, is a whole- sale fish dealer, having acquired an extensive and prosperous business on the lower East Side. f i LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 221 575 5 M I 'um m >'mmi