PRICE, 35 cts . NEW OF THE HUDSON RIVER, ADIRONDACK AND CATSKILL MOUNTAINS, o o iyci>iiis inSTG}- A FINE COPPER PLATE MAP, SHOWING THE COUNTRY FEOM LONG BRANCH TO THE ADIRONDACKS, Minutely delineating Small Streams, Ponds, Hills, Mountains, Wagon Roads, Rail Roads and genera! topography complete. THE GUIDE GIVES A CONCISE AND RELIABLE DESCEIPTION OF OBJECTS 01' INTEREST TO THE TOURIST FROM NEW YORK UP JHE HUDSON, VIA SARATOGA, TO THE ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS, TOGETHER WITH A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OP POINTS OF INTEREST THROUGHOUT THE STATE OP NEW YORK. NEW YORK: 59 Beekman Street. NEW JERSEY SOUTHERN R. R. LINE. LONG BRANCH, PHILADELPHIA, VINE- LAND. BARNEGAT. &ic. The Staunch and Commodious Steamers RIVER BELLE & JANE MOSELEY, I Leave New York, Pier 8 North River, 7 and 9.40 A. M., 3.30 and 4,30 P, M, Leave New York, Pier foot 24th Street, at 2.45 P. M. The 9.40 A M. line runs through to PHILADELPHIA, VINELAND, &C. Passengers for the SOUTH or WEST by taking either of the lines from NEW YORK can remain over at LONGr BRANCH and resume their journey at pleasure. On Sundays the " RIY£R BELLE " leaves 24th Street pier at 9 A. M. and pier 8 at 9.40 A. M., connecting with train for LONG- BRANOH, Returning leaves LONG BRANCH at 5 P, M. Fare for the Excursion, _ _ _ - $1,50. Fare for the Excursion to Sandy-HooU and Jtettirn 1,00. ^ Farehettveen Netv York and Philadelphia, only 2.25. W. S. SNEDEN, Qsn. Maiig. C. P. McFADDIN, Gen. Ticket Agent (01?*ll m MVBAN EQUITABLE BUILDING, ISO BK;O^ID"W^"^, IN". IT. CASH ASSETS OVER p. 2 00, 000. B. 8. WALCOTT, President, I. RJEMSMN LANE, Secretary, S. E.IP, Assistant Secretary. DON'T INSURE YOUR LIFE Before inquii ing into the merits of the plan Inaugurated by the lJi)iYei^^kl I^ife Iri^tii'ki^de Co. No. lOO and i02 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. Viz : 1. Premiums about 20 per cent, less than those charged by the Mutual . Companies. , . • 2 A straightforward and definite contract, liberal m its terms. 3. Claims'paid in 30 days after satisfactory proof of death. 4. Ample security. , ^o ^^»^» t a at^n The Company's policips m force cover nearly 18,500 lives and over ^4=0,- , 000,000 in insurance. Its assets are nearly $4, 000,000, and premium r* income $1,250,000. . , , v, -. -aa ■ It has a laro-e surplus over and above its capital stock, while its rapidly in- 1 creasinff patronage and sound financial condition attest the popularity of its plan, and the correctness of the principles upon which its business is oon-i ducted^^^^^ Oin IDII^IEIOTOIR =?- WILLIAM WALKER ...PresideDt.] HENRY M. ALEXANDER Alexander & Green, ij SAMUEL D. BABCOCK Babcock Bros, & Co.c WILLIAM G. LAMBERT 25 West 20th Street.^ MARTIN BATES Martin Bates, Jr & Co. (^ JAMES M. HALSTED President American Fire Ins. Co.(| GEORGE S. COE President American Exchange Bank.l HENRY DAY Lord, Day & Lord, Counsellors-at-law.n GEORGE T HOPE President Continental Fire Ins. Co. ( THOMAS M. MARKOE, M. D 20 West 30th Street.}! SAMUEL W. TORREY 122 East 44th Street.^ HENRY A HUIU^BUT...Prest. of Commissioners of Emigration^! HENRY G. MARQUAND 120 Broad wayi; GEORGE A. PETERS, M. D.... 12 West 29th Street? J C. GOODRIDGE J^o. 150 Broadway «] BURR WAKEMAN Late President Harlem Gas Company. j ADRIAN VAN SINDERIN 54 Wall Street^ ASHBEL GREEN V;.?^^'''^l^n'*:^L .- KINGMAN F. PAGE 125 East 59th Street^ ROBERT A. LANCASTER Lancaster, Brown & Cov( EDWARD W. LAMBERT, M D Medical Examnerij HENRY J. FURBER Vice-Presidenti JOHNH. BEWLEY Secretaryi O £r« jn I O El P^ S - WILLIAM WALKER, President. HENKT J. FURBER, Yice -President. JOHN H. BEWLEY, Secretary. GEORGE L. MONTAGUE, Actuary. EDWARD W. LAMBERT, M. D., Med. Ex;| PEOPLE'S LINE FOR ALBANY. Magnificent ft^i^^i ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ River Steanners 3D K/E'VT", Capt. S. J. Eoe. TUESDAY, THURSDAY, SATURDAY. ST. ijoiainsr, Capt. W. H. Cliristopher. MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, FRIDAY, FROM PIER 41 NORTH RIVER, South Side of Oansl Street Mew Jersey City Terry, Desbrosscs Street, at Hi o'cloek P. ¥, ConBecting^nth trains of New York Central, Albany and Snequehanna, K^nB^laer and Sarataffa, and Boston and Albany KMilxoads. TICKETS can be had at the office on th| WharffalBO atDodd's Express Office, 944 Broadway.and No 4 Court St.. Brocklyn, an* Baggage checked to destination. Telegraph office on the Wharf. Supper and Breakfast on Boats. HUDSON "RIVEE E.K Tickets taken on the Boats for Passage, inoludiDg State Koom Berth. ^^^^ ^ HEWITT, G. T. Agent, GRAND HOTEL, Cor. 31st STREET & BB OAD WA F, NEW YORK. A NEW HOUSE. The most elegant and con- venient in New York. Splendidly fur- nished. Most favorably located for every purpose of business or plea- sure. Near all Depots, Theatres, and the most fashionable stores. CONDUCTED ON THE EUEOPEAN PLAN. HENRY MILFORD SMITH, Prop. THROUGH THE HIGHLANDS: BIT ID JLirHiIO-HIT ! FOR Newburgh, Po'keepsie,i MNDOUT AND KINGSTON, Landing at Cozzens\ West Point , Cornwall, New HamburgJv and Milton, Breakfast and Dinner Served on Board. THE SXE.A.]Sd:BO-A.T CAPT. ANDERSON, WILL LEAVE NEW YOEK EVERY AFTEENOON From Vestry Street, Pier 39, N. BJ At 3.30 o^clock. RETURNING, ^WILL LEAVE Rondont^ 5.30 a. m. Newburgh, 7.30 a. mj Poughkeepsie^ 6.30 " Cornwall, 7.45 " Milton, 6.45 '' West Point, 8.05 '' New Hamburgh, 7.00 " €ozzens% 8.10 '' ARRIVING m NEW YORK AT 10.45 A. M. ..« --.---I _„.-«««« v^^mTf9 With Elevated Railway ail GOIy ly XSCXlOIirSiCanal St. Ovenook Moun-r tain House, Catskiil Mountains. Lake Mohonk, Paltz Points With Evening Train at Po'keepsie for the North, and with New York, Kingston and Syracuse Railroad. Packages of Tickets Sold at Reduced Rates. " 01eanlines8 ia akin to Godliness !" No Gentlem=4n (or Lady) visiting New York City should fail to call at the Lexington Avenue Baths, (Open Day and Night) and examine the Four Elements and Forms of PERFECT BATHING, TO WIT : <^ HOT AIR," (TURKISH BATH- i *^ ELECTRICITY," (ELECTRIC ISGt), BATHING), «ROMALEON,"(ROMAXBATH- ^^ SUNSHINE," (SUN BATH- "TAPOB" (Russian Bathing.) is totally discardel as decidedly inferior to the abOTe mentioned baths, and in many cases positirely injurious. Eininent Physicians of all schools warmly recommend these Baths not only as sanitary luxuries but also as wonderfully efficacious remedies for nnany diseases. This is the only bathing establishreient of its kind that has a separate department for ladies. Address all inqniriea to DR. EMERSON C. ANGELL, Proprietor, No. Gl Lexington Avenue, (cor. 25th St.,) New York City. NEW SAYBBOOK, Ct. A Popular Sea - Side Resort, with Every Modern Convenience. I). A. ROOD, Proprietor, UNITED STATES HOTEL, HEA-RTFORD. CT., The Largest Hotel in the S'ate. First Class in every respect. D. A. ROOD, Proprietor. e La mater Iron Works, (EST-A-TBLISHBia I3Sr 18S6J MANUFACTURE STEAM ENGINES, Iron Clad Gun Boats, AND Of Every Description, All orders will be promptly filled. C. H. DE LAMATER & CO., Foot of West 13th Street, NE^I.^ YORK. WftO o tJ^ FIFTH AVENUE, Cor. of Eighth St., 'Qjenbg uoiBuTqse^vV J^^u ^ ^XlBR & ^^^Mr^ NEW OF THE HUDSON BIVER, ONDAC AND CATSKILL MOUNTAINS, ao:M:i»Risi3srGJ- A FINE COPPER PLATE MAP, SHOWING THE COUNTRY PEOM LONG BEANCH TO THE ADIRONDACKS, Minutely delineating Small Streanns, Ponds, Hills, Mountains, Wagon Roads, Rail Roads and general topography connplete. THE GUIDE GIVES A CONCISE AND RELIABLE DESCRIPTION OF OBJECTS OF INTEREST TO THE TOURIST FROM NEW YORK UP THE HUDSON, VIA SARATOGA, TO THE ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS. TOGETHER WITH A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF POINTS OF INTEREST THROUGHOUT THE STATE OF NEW YORK- , NEW YORK: 59 BEEKMAS STBE£t. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy- four, by ASHER & ADAMS, in the Oflfice of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. OBJECTS OF INTEREST IN ]^EW YORK. In population, wealth, and commer- cial importance, New York stands first in the Union. Its climate is healthful, and soil extremely fertile. It possesses a historic interest hardly equaled by any other State. In area it is 335 miles long, and about 300 miles broad, embracing 47,000 square miles. It includes every variety of surface. Broad, fertile valleys abound in the west, while toward the east the surface becomes more broken, until in the eastern and north-eastern part of the State grand mountain ranges rise to break the monotony of the extensive forest regions. To refer in detail to the almost un- limited number and variety of places of interest in the Empire -State would exceed the limits designed for this work. We shall, therefore, make but brief mention of those places best known to the public, that we may make further mention of places worthy of attention, but less favorably known. The Adirondacks, the principal mountains, are in the north-east part of the State, and consist of five ranges, all running nearly parallel, in a north-east and south-west direc- tion, commencing north of the Mo- hawk Valley and terminating on the shores of Lake Champlain. The axes of these mountains are respect- ively about eight miles apart. The name Adirondacks is usually applied to this whole system of mountains north of the Mohawk Valley ; but it should strictly be applied only to the group of elevated peaks, of which Mount Marcy is the center (see map). The most southerly of these ranges barely enters the south-east corner of Essex County, and is known as the Palmertown or Luzerne Mountains. The second range, running parallel with the first through Essex County, ends in the cliff which overlooks Bul- wagga Bay. Mount Pharaoh, the high- est peak in this range, is about 4,000 feet high. The third range terminates at Split Rock, in the east part of Es- sex. Bald Mountain is the most noted peak of this range, and attains an altitude of nearly 2,100 feet. This range is known by the name of Schrom Mountain, from the principal lake which lies at its foot. The fourth range extends through the central part of Essex County, and ends in the high bluffs at Peru Bay. Dix Peak, 5,200 feet in height, is the high- est mountain in this range, and the highest in Essex County, except Mount Marcy. Nipple Top, the next in height, is 4,900 feet high. The fifth and most important range is usually known as the Adirondack Range. It terminates in the rocky promontory at Trembleau Point, in the north-east corner of Essex County. Mount 3Iarcy of this range is the highest mountain in the State, having an elevation of 5,467 feet above tide. The other principal mountains of this range are McMartin, Mclntyre and Sandanona, each upward of 5,000 feet in height. North of the Adirondack Range, on the west bank of the Au- sable River, is 3Iount Seward, 5,100 feet high, and White/ace,^ 4,855 feet. The view from the summit of Mount Marcy commands an extensive pano- rama of mountains, among which repose thirty visible lakes and ponds. So many avenues of approach to this popular mountainous region have been opened during the last few (15) - 16 OBJECTS OF INTEKEST, 1 years that it seems dif&cult to deter- mine which is the best. More than a dozen different routes are given by tourists, each of which has its claims. A somewhat popular and quite comfortable route to the Adirondack woods and Saranac and St. Regis Lakes is by the White Hall & Platts- burg R. R., from Plattsburg on Lake Champlain to New Sweden on the Ausable River, where connection is made by stages for the west. Or the same point may be reached by stage from Port Kent on the lake, opposite Burlington, Vt., to Keeseville, from which a comfortable stage-road will be found for several miles further west. Near Keeseville may be seen the "Walled Banks of the Au Sable," one of the great natural wonders of Amer- ica. Another convenient point of de- parture for the interior is from Crown Point on Lake Champlain. From Saratoga this region may be reached by the Adirondack Com- pany's R. R. to North Creek, about 60 miles distant, where stages con- nect for North River. From the west this Mountain country may be reached through what is known as the "John Brown Region," from Carthage, Glen- dale, Boonville, and other points on the Utica & Black River R. R. ; and from Governeur, De Kalb Junction, and Potsdam Stations, on Rome, Water- town and Ogdensburg R. R. It is but a short day's journey from either of these places into an unbroken wilder- ness. Boonville is probably the most favorable point of departure. A pleasant, and comparatively new route is from Moira, on the Ogdensburg & Lake Champlain R. R., by stage to Lincoln son, and from thence by pri- vate conveyance. Spring Qrove Cot- tage on this route will be found one of the most attractive resorts^ in this region. Lake Pleasant, Round Piseco, Louis Lake, in the immediate vicinity, may be reached by stage from Amster- dam, on the N. Y. C. R. R.. thirty-three miles west of Albany. This is a de- lightful summer resort for gentlemen or ladies, and abundant opportunity is afforded for fishing and hunting in the vicinity. Distance from Amster- dam, thirty miles. Other mountains, lakes, etc., will be named in connection with the places on the several railroads by which they are reached. New Yorli City and Vicinity. As it will be impossible to mention in detail the many places of interest in this city and vicinity, we shall speci- fy very briefly a few of the leading ones. Further particulars in this re- spect can always be easily obtained from the smaller local guides, for sale at all the periodical stores and news- paper stands in the city. Central Park, extending from 59th to 110th Street, containing 843 acres, may be said to be the chief at- " traction of the city. No visitor has really seen New York until he has vis- ited Central Park. The Reservoirs, the Lakes, • Revolutionary Relics, the Museum, and a great variety of nat- ural and artificial attractions have made this the most popular resort in the city. High Bridge, above Central Park, by which the Croton Aqueduct is car- ried across the Harlem River, is one of the finest bridges in the world. It may be reached by 3d Avenue and 8th Avenue cars, connecting by stage. Or, what is perhaps a better route, by Harlem River excursion steamers. Public Buildings. Among the principal may be named the Custom'- house and the Sub-treasury in Wall Street; i\vQ New Post-office, Court-house, and aty Hall, in the Park; Corn Ex- change, White Hall Street; "Gold Room," Broad, below Wall Street ; the Grand Central Depot, 4th Avenue and 42d Street; Stewart's Retail Store, Broadway, above 9th Street, said to be the largest store of the kind in the world;- Mercantile Library, Clintou Hall, 8th Streetj near Broadway f NEW YORK. 17 Asior Library, La Fayette Place, near Astor Place; Cooper Institute and Young 3Ieris Christian Association building, corner 4th Avenue and 23d Street. Art Galleries. The Academy of Design, 4th Aveniie and 23d Street; OoupiCs (Knoudler's), corner 5th Ave- nue and 22d Street; Schaus', 749 Broadway, and S?iedecor' s, 768 Broad- way, are the best known in the city. Cemeteries. Greenwood is the most attractive and one of the finest in the country. It is situated on Gow- anus Heights, Brooklyn, about four miles from Fulton Ferry. It may be reached by street-cars connecting with the ferries. Babylon, situated on Long Is- land, popular for its fishing; reached by the South Side Railroad. Black- tvelVs Island, the seat of most of the Reformatory Institutions, may be reached daily by steamer from the foot of 26th Street, East River. Coney Island, noted for its excellent sea- bathing, accessible by boats from Pier No. 1, North River; or, what is a more quiet route, by cars, which con- nect at Brooklyn with the principal ferries. Fort Hamilton, an extensive fortification on Long Island, reached by ferries. Governor's Island, opposite the Battery, noted for its fortifica- tions. Jerome Park, a popular race- course in Westchester County, near Harlem River, reached by Harlem R. R. Ward's Island, the seat of em- igrant hospitals, may be reached by the steamers for Black well's Island. No one is allowed to visit either of these islands without a pei-mit, which may be obtained at the corner of 11th Street and 3d Avenue, Staten Island is the largest and most beautiful is- land in the harbor, and may be reached by ferries from New York and Brooklyn. Brooklyn is the second city in the State and the third in the United States in population. It is really a part of New York city, as a large portion of its residents have their places of business in the latter city. Extensive manufactures are located here. It is known as the " City of Churches," having about 250 places of worship. Many of the places of interest in the city have already been referred to, the most noticeable not mentioned being the United States Navy Yard. There are many things of interest to visitors connected with the navy yard, including vessels of almost every kind used in the navy, the receiving ship North Carolina, U. S. Naval Lyceum, etc. Hudson River It. R. Parties wishing to see the beauties of the Hudson should make the trip between New York and Albany by steamer, leaving New York or Albany in the morning, during the summer, when they will have every facility for see- ing the various points of interest to advantage. Fort Washington, above 181st Street, New York, occupies a com- manding position, and is of much historical interest. Yonkers, seventeen miles from New York, has become one of the fashionable suburban towns of the city. There is much of historic im- portance, and other features of in- terest connected with this place. Irvin^ton and "Sunny Side," so christened in honor of the late Wash- ington Irving, is a beautiful place on the eastern bank of the river, twenty- three miles from New York. The slips of ivy by which "Sunuy Side" is now embowered were originally presented to Mr. Irving by Sir Walter Scott at Abbotsford, and planted by Irving himself. Nyack, on the west side of the river, and connected by ferry with Tarrytown, has become a popular summer resort. Tarrytown, twenty-six miles from New York, is a place of much histor- ical, natural, and many other features of interest, situated on the eastern bank of the Hudson. It was here that Major Andr^j the British spy. 18 OBJECTS OF INTEREST. was arrested on his return to the Brit- ish lines, after visiting General Ar- nold Near here is the quiet, little valley of " Sleepy Hollow,'' the scene of Irving' s story of Rip Van Winkle. Sing Sing, thirty-three miles from New York, is situated on the east bank of the Hudson, on an acclivity which rises to a height of about 200 feet. The scenery in every direction from this point is exceedingly beautiful and picturesque. The place is distin- guished for its educational institu- tions, its elegant villas, etc. One of the prisons of the State is located here; and at this point the Croton Aqueduct is carried over the Sing Smg Kill 100 feet above the water. Peekskill, ten miles above Smg Sing was the head-quarters of Gen. Putnam at the time he hung the Brit- ish spy, Palmer. The oak tree on which Palmer was hung is said to be still standing. The Van Cortlandt Home, in the vicinity of the place, is an object of interest, as the temporary residence of Gen. Washington. Lake Mahopac, a delightful summer resort, fourteen miles east, may be reached by carriage-road from this point. But few places on the Hudson possess more attractions than this. Caldwell's Landing, opposite Peekskill, is memorable as the place where so active search was made for the treasure which Captain Kid was supposed to have buried here, at the bottom of the river. Remains ot the apparatus used for this purpose, are still seen as the steamer rounds Dunderberg Point toward the Horse- race. ' ., , The Higlllands may be said to commence at this point, and the scen- ery for the next twenty miles is equal to, if it. does not surpass, that of the Rhine itself. Anthony's Nose, a rocky promontory, 1 128 feet high. Sugar Loaf Mountain, two miles above, 865 feet high, lona Island, and, in the distance, i?ear Mount- ain, are passed on the east side of the river before reaching West Point, Cozzens, a spacious summer hotel, comes distinctly into view on the west side of the river, just below West Point. It is accessible by steam ferry from Garrison's Station. West Point, fifty-one miles distant from New York, is chiefly famous for its military school and historical as- sociations, which, with its beautiful scenery, render it one of the most at- tractive places on the Hudson. The view from the piazza of the hotel and old Fort Putnam are unequaled in their peculiar beauty. The scenery viewed from this point or from the steamers as they pass through this vicinity is the admiration of all tour- ists. ^^ „ Cold Spring and "Undercltff, i two miles north of Garrison's Station, may be safely said to be among the most attractive places on the Hudson. It was in the rural seclusion of " Un- der cliff" that the poet Morris lived for ■ many years. Newbnrg, on the west bank of the river is one of the most important i town's on the Hudson. It contains a i population of about 17,000, and much of historic interest is associated with the place. Washington's head-quar- ters, a gray stone mansion, built in 1750, still stands within the hunts of the city. It was here that the American army was disbanded at the close of the Revolutionary War, June 23,1783. .^ ^^ Fisllliill Landing, opposite New- burg, is a small town, but abounds m delightful natural scenery and ele- gant residences. Ponghkeepsie is the largest city between New York and Albany. Hi is beautifuUv situated, and is famous for its educational and other institu- tions rather than for any thing of his toric interest. It is the seat of Vassa. Female College, one of the finest msti tutions of the kind in the country. Catsliill is situated on the wes bank of the Hudson, at the Catskil Creek. This vicinity abounds m va ried and attractive scenery, and is NEW YORK. 19 popular summer resort for city art- ists It was here that Cole painted his ''Course of Empire'' and ''Voyage of Lifer At this point tourists leave the Hudson to visit the celebrated Catskill MouutaiiiS, where imme- diate connection is made by stage be- tween the two points. The principal rano-e of the Catskill Mountains fol- lows the course of the Hudson River, at a distance of about ten to twelve miles west. The peaks of these mount- ains render the chief attractions to the Hudson River scenery. A pleas- ant stage-coach ride of about three hours brings the traveler to the Mount- ain House. In favorable weather the view from this house is unusually grand. High Peak, six miles distant from the Mountain House, 400 feet high, is the most elevated of the Cats- kill summits, and should be visited by all tourists who can stand the long and tiresome journey. From three to six days will be required to make even a temporary visit to all the places of interest in the vicinity of the Mountain House. Hudson, 115 miles from New York, is situated at the head of sloop navi- gation, and is the last town of impor- tance on the river before reaching Al- bafiy. The town is built on high grounds, which rise in the back- grounds to an elevation of 200 feet, called Prospect Hill. The view from this hill, of the river and the mountain scenery on the opposite side is partic- ularly fine. New Lebanon Springs are much resorted to during the summer months for their medicinal qualities. The water of the springs has a temperature of 70 . It is soft, well adapted to bathing, and quite tasteless and inodorous. The springs are reached from Hudson by the Hudson & Boston R. R. to Chatham. Columbia Springs are quite a favorable summer resort for invalids. They are situated five miles from Hud- son, and in the immediate vicinity is a beautiful lake, affording a good op- portunity for boating and fishing. Albany, the capital of the State, is too well known to need special men- tion here. Its railroad facilities^ and water communications by the Hudson River and the Erie Canal have made it a place of much commercial importance. It is distinguished, like the capitals of many other States, for the beauty and magnificence of its public buildings and elegant private residences. The new State-house, now in process of con- struction, when completed will be one of the finest structures of the kind in the United States. Some of the other principal buildings are the Peniten- tiary, City Hall, Dudley Observatory, University of Albany, State Arsenal, etc. White Plains, twenty-four miles from New York, on the Harlem R. R., is noted for an important battle fought there Oct. 28, 1776, during the Revo- lutionary War. A residence of Wash- ington is still standing in the vicinity, and contains many attractive relics. Croton Falls, on the river which supplies the Croton Aqueduct, should be visited. It is from this point that stages leave for Lake Mahopac, five miles distant. This lake is about nine miles in cir- cumference, and 1,800 feet above the sea. It is the center of a group of twenty-two lakes, within a radius of twelve miles, which renders it a very pleasant summer resort. Amenia is a delightful village, m which is located the Amenia Semircary, a favorite preparatory school for Yale and other colleges. It is also the point of departure for Sharon and the delightful scenery of the Housatonic region, already referred to in Connect- icut. Troy, six miles above Albany, oit the Hudson River, is a beautiful city of nearly 50,000 population. It is the terminus of four lines of railroad, and is a place of considerable com- mercial importance. Saratoga Springs has hitherto been considered the most celebratea watering-place in the united States, and is extensively visited by American 20 OBJECTS OF INTEREST. and European tourists. The place owes its popularity to the medicinal qualities of its springs rather than to any attractions of natural scenery. The waters of Congress Spring are most popular, and are bottled and sent to all parts of the world. Next in favor may be mentioned the Empire Springs, the Hathem, Columbian, High Roclc, Red, Pavilion, and Putnam^s. Saratoga Lake, six miles distant, is also an attractive summer resort. Saratoga may be reached by rail from Albany, Troy, and Schenectady; also from the north via Lake Champlain and Rensselaer & Saratoga R. R. Lake Luzerne, twenty-five miles from Saratoga, may be reached from this point over the Adirondack R. R. The route is one of unusual attrac- tions, and visitors are afforded almost every variety of amusements at the lake. Olen's Falls, twenty-two _ miles north-east of Saratoga, is a delightful place, and noted for its manufactur- ing. It is the point from which Lake George, nine miles distant, is reached by stage. Many places of interest are passed on the route between Glen's Falls and Lake George. So much has been written of the enchanting beauties of Lake George scenery that we need say but little in this connection. The lake is thirty-six miles in length, and varies in width from one to four miles. The waters are remark- ably clear, and in some places 400 feet deep. A popular notion has obtained that the number of islands and small islets in the lake is 365, correspond- ing with the number of days in the year. Parties who have made the tour of Scotland and Switzerland say they find nothing in those countries in natural scenery which exceeds in beauty the scenery beheld in travers- ing this mountain lake. The passage of the lake is made daily by steamer from Caldwell to Ticonderoga, and return, affording travelers an oppor- tunity of gratifying their taste for the beautiful in nature to the fullest extent. Ample hotel accommodations and outfits for hunting and fishing can be found at Caldwell. Lake Champlain has been already referred to among the places of inter- est in Vermont, and we shall here only notice some of the principal places on its western shore. Ticonderoga, famous in American history, is the first point of interest after leaving Lake George. White Hall, situated at the head I or south end of the lake, is a place of some importance, in a business point of view. It was also a place of interest during the Revolutionary War. Tourists can here take the steamer across the lake, or proceed I on their way by rail through Vermont. Crown Point is noted principally for its historic associations. Port Henry, nine miles north of Crown Point, is admired by travelers, being surrounded by some of the finest scenery on the lake. Plattsburg" is the most important point on the west side of the lake. In Cumberland Bay, near this place, is where the naval battle was fought known as the Battle of Lake Cham- plain, where McDonough and Macomb defeated the British naval and land forces, Sept. 11, 1814. Albany to Bulfalo. As tjie places on this road are so well known, we shall allude to them much more briefly than we have to those in the eastern part of the State. Schenectady, situated upon the right bank of the Mohawk River, is the seat of Union College, and the point where passengers from the west i change cars for Saratoga Springs, Lakes George and Champlain, and the Adirondacks. Palatine Bridge, fifty-five miles from Albany, is the point where travelers take the stage for Sharon< Springs, ten miles distant, over a plank-road. A remarkable feature in connection with these springs is NEW YORK. 21 that no less than five different kinds of water issue from appertures in close proximity to each other. Fort Plain is a flourishing village connected by regular line of stages with Cherry Valley, Coqperstown and Otsego Lake. The first is noted for an atrocious massacre, committed by Tories and Indians in 1778, when the entire population were either slain or taken captives, Cooperstoivn is situa- : ted at the south end or outlet of Otsego Lake. It was formerly the residence | of James Fennimore Cooper. Its lo- i cation is beautiful, being on a high | elevation, affording views of the most i attractive scenery. Accommodations for visitors are ample, and it has be- come a favorite summer resort, Otsego Lake is the source of the main branch of the Susquehanna. It is about nine miles in length, and surrounded by hills from 300 to 400 feet in height. The lake affords excellent opportuni- ties for fishing and boating, and the ' tourist will recognise many places in the vicinity immortalized by Cooper in " The Pioneers." Little Falls. The Mohawk River and Erie Canal make a bold passage at this point through a wild and ro- mantic gorge. The scenery presented is exceedingly beautiful. Utica, ninety-five miles west of Albany, is an important and beauti- ful city, situated on the south side of the Mohawk River, Travelers for Tren- ton Falls take the cars at this point over the Utica & Black River R. R. Trenton Falls, seventeen miles from Utica, is one of the places which tourists should not fail to visit. The scenery here is remarkable for its great variety and wildness. Oneida, on the shores of Onei- da Lake, is a beautiful town, but the place is noted more and is more at- tractive to visitors on account of the charming lake and surrounding scen- ery. CMttenangO is a place of some notoriety ; principally on account.pf fta iron and sulphur springs. Its prin- cipal visitors now are invalids in pur- suit of health. Syracuse, one of the largest cities in Central New York, is pleasantly situated at the south of Onondaga Lake, The railroad from Bingham- ton on the Erie route and the Auburn Line of the Central via Auburn con- nect with the mail line of N. Y. Cen- tral at this place. It is chiefly noted for its salt works, which are the most extensive in the tfnited States. Owasco Lake, seven miles from Auburn, is a favorite place of resort for parties in that vicinity. Rochester is the most important as well as the largest city on the line of the Central R. R. It is connected with Lake Ontario by rail ; also with the Erie Road at Corning, and with Niagara Falls by way of Lockport. It is the seat of Rochester University and a Baptist Theological Seminary. Mount Hope Cemetery, near the city, is a place of rare natural beauty. Genesee Falis are the greatest at- traction in the vicinity of Rochester. If they were not situated almost with- in the roar of Niagara, they would be considered one of the great won- ders of American scenery. The rail- road bridge above the falls is so con- structed that passengers in crossing the river entirely lose sight of the falls. It was from the Table Rock in the center of these falls that Sam Patch is reported to have made his last, fatal leap. Batavia is" a beautiful town, and of considerable importance as a rail- road center. It is the point from which the Oak Orchard Acid Springs, twelve miles distant, are reached. There are nine of them within a cir- cle of fifty rods in diameter, and some of them within a few feet of each other ; and what may seem almost in- credible is, that the water in no two of them tastes alike. Buffalo, situated at the east end of Lake Erie, possesses the finest har- bor on the lake. It is the third city 22 OBJECTS OF INTEREST. in size in the State, and is a place of much commercial importance. The city, in the main, is regularly laid out and well built; many of the streets presenting a particularly fine appear- ance. It contains many large and el- egant public and private buildings, and may be classed among the finest cities in the United States. Niagara Falls, twenty-two miles from Buffalo, are reached by rail from this point, as well as from Rochester and from the west through Canada. So many enthusiastic pilgrims and writ- ers from the four corners of the globe have so freely described the scenes of surpassing beauty and grandeur here witnessed, that we shall attempt no lengthy description at this time. Ni- agara River, in which these falls are situated, is the outlet of the great chain of lakes, the surface of which covers an area of 150,000 square miles.. This immense amount of water flow- ing for unknown centuries through this channel and over the precipice is believed to have worn away the rock over which it flows, so that the preci- pice at the falls is now at least seven miles further up the river than origi- nally ; and the perpendicular descent of the waters is less as the fall re- cedes. The best view of the falls, and the one that should first be taken, can be had by crossing .the new suspension bridge just below the falls to the Can- ada side, where tlie American Falls from the then opposite side presents its grandest view. The American Falls are 900 feet wide and 163 feet high; and the Canadian or Horse-shoe Falls 1,000 feet wide. It has been es- timated that 100,000,000 tons of water liow over both falls every hour. It is from the American side that access is had to the almost innumerable places of interest on Goat Island and vicin- ity. Parties who cross the bridge to Goat Island and make the tour by carriage, as is often the case, fail to see enough to give them any compre- liensive sense of the magnitude of the scenes. Hacks and hack-drivers should be discarded as far as practi- cable by those who wish to enjoy the luxury of "drinking in" the beauties of Niagara scenery, rather than the comforts of a pleasant ride. Suspension Bridge, two miles be- low the falls, connects the Great West- ern R. R. of Canada with the N. Y. Central, The bridge is a single span of 800 feet, suspended 230 feet above water. It is composed of 8,000 wires and supported by four cables, each 9 J inches in circumference ; the whole having a capacity to support 10,000 tons, weight. The towers of the bridge are 66 feet high, 15 feet square at the base, and 8 feet at the top. A carriage-road is suspended 28 feet be- loAV the railroad track. A fine view of the rapids, which extend three- fourths of a mile below, may be had from the east end of the bridge. The grandest view of the rapids is to be had from the bank of the river, about 150 rods below the bridge. De Veaux College^ for orphans, an institution under the control of the Episcopalian Church, is located about one-half mile north of the village. Skeneateles, on the Auburn Line from Syracuse to Rochester, has at- tained some importance as a manu- facturing place. Its location is fa- vorable at the foot of Skeneateles Lake, a beautiful sheet of water sixteen miles long. The scenery here is de- lightful, and the lake well supplied with trout. Auburn is the principal city on this branch of the N. Y. Central Road. It is situated near the Owasco Lake. One of the State-prisons is located here, and it is also the seat of a The- ological Seminary. Cayuga. The railroad crosses Ca- yuga Lake at this place over a bridge one mile in length. It is eleven miles west of Auburn, and is connected by steamers with all points on Cayuga La^ke. On the east shore of the lake the tourist may visit Aurora, claimed to be' the prettiest town in the State, NEW YOKK. 23 Taglikanic Falls, in Tompkms County, on the west side of the lake, should not be passed without a visit by the tourist. It may truly be classed among the wonders of America. Ithaca, at the head of the lake, thirty-eight miles irom Cayuga, is the principal town on the lake. It may also be reached from Owego on the Erie R. R. It islhe seat of the cele- brated Cornell University. The large number of water-falls and other nat- ural scenery in the immediate vicin- ity make it a very desirable summer resort. Seneca Falls and Geneva, on the Seneca Lake, are also popular places for tourists. Clifton Springs, thirty-eight miles west of Auburn, is a popular water- ing-place, noted principally for the medicinal qualities of the springs. Schoharie, thirty-six miles, and Howe's Cave, thirty-nine miles west of Albany, on the Albany & Susque- hanna R. R., are situated in a region where caves and lakes abound, afford- ing many attractions for those in search of the beautiful and wonderful in nature. Valonia Springs, near the center of Broome County, is situated in the midst of splendid scenery. In the vicinity of the springs are abundant opportunities for hunting and fishing. The spring possesses fine mineral qualities. It may be reached by stage from Afton on the Albany & Susque- hanna R. R. Erie Railroad. The first point of interest to name on this road is Raniapo, thirty-four miles from New York. It is situated near Tom Mountain, which is at the entrance of Ramapo Valley. It possesses much historic interest and many natural attractions. C}reenwoo(l Lake, in Orange County, eight miles south-west of Chester, is a beautiful sheet of Avater, and being in immediate proximity to other lakes and beautiful natural at- tractions, is a place much frequented by tourists. The lake may be reached by stage from Monroe and Greycourt on the Erie R. R. Turner's, forty-eight miles from New York, occupies a commanding site. From the height north of the station one of the most superb pano- ramic views may be witnessed that is to be found in the State. Middletown is an important place, and said to be the handsomest town on the Erie R. R. From this point to Port Jervis, about twenty miles distant, the traveler passes a succes- sion of places of unusual natural beauty, and he is attracted by what is at once apparent as the result of almost superlative engineering skill. Several days could be pleas- antly and profitably spent at Port .Jervis and the immediate vicinity. From this point to Narrowshurg the delightful natural scenery and the achievements of engineering skill will continue to attract the attention of the tourist. Leaving Deposit (177 miles from New York), the tourist will soon pass Cascade Bridge, a single arch more than 250 feet wide, over a gorge 184 feet in depth, when immediately upon the right is presented a grand view of the Susquehanna River. The Star- rucca Viaduct, 1,200 feet in length and 110 feet high, is one of the greatest achievements of engineering on the entire route. A fine trestle bridge, 4-50 feet in length, is passed before reaching Susquehanna Station. Pas- sengers who do not leave the cars and" exatnine these last-named works, can have but a very inadequate conception of their magnitude. Binghaniton, 215 miles from New York, is an important business and railroad center, and one of the prin- cipal places on the Erie Road. The State Inebriate Asylum is located at this place. For railroad connections at this point, see accompanying map. Owego, twenty-two miles beyond Binghamton, is a beautiful and thriv- ing town, and in some respects may 24 OBJECTS OF INTEREST. be said to rival the latter place Olenmary, in the immediate vicinity, j once the home of N. P. Willis, is a place of many attractions for visitors. It was at this place that Mr. Willis wrote his popular " Letters from under a Bridge." Elniira, the largest city on this road, is noted rather as a railroad center, for its public and private edi- fices, than for the beauties of any surrounding scenery. The railroads for which this is the objective point are distinctly marked on the map. HoriiellSYille and Salamanca are the only places of note between Elmira and Dunkirk, and these are impor- tant, principally, as prominent rail- road points. Dunkirk, the terminus of the Erie Road, is situated on Lake Erie, 460 miles from New York, and at the in- tersection of the Erie with the Lake Shore R. R. Watkiiis Grlen, at the town of Watkins, in Schuyler County, twenty- two miles from Elmira, is one of tho principal places of interest in this part of the State. It is situated at the head of Seneca Lake, and much frequented by tourists. Portage, on the Buffalo division of the Erie Road, is a village of im- portance to travelers, and one which it would pay all who can appreciate the beautiful in nature and wonderful in engineering to visit. Oswego is the largest city on Lake Ontario. It has a fine natural har- bor, and is a place of considerable commercial importance. It is the ter- minus of the Oswego & Syracuse R. R. Avon, in Livingston County, on the right bank of Genesee River, is a beautiful town, noted for its mineral springs. The waters of these springs are said to possess good medicinal qualities; beneficial especially in cases of rheumatism, indigestion, etc. Avon may be reached by a branch road from Rochester, eighteen miles distant. POPULATION— CITIES, VILLAGES, ETC.— NEW YORK, NEW YOKK. PI,ACE. COUNTY. POP. Adams .-.. Jefferson 1,352 Afton Chenango 457 Akron l^i'ie 444 Albany * Albany 69,422 Albion Orleans 3,3^2 Alexandria Essex 680 Allegany Cattaraugus f4b Amityville feuflolk oOO Amsterdam Montgomery 5,42b '. 6(10 347 773 300 573 351 350 5,204 Angelica Allegany Angola Erie Annandale Dutchess .... Antwerp Jefferson Apalachin Tmga Arcade M'yoming ... Argyle Washington AsEville Chautauga . Astoria Queens Athens , Greene l,7y.> Attica Wyoming 1,.333 Auburn Cayuga 17,22;:. Aurora Cayuga 4.^0 Avoca feteuben 492 Avon Livingston 900 Babylon Suffolk 1,225 Bainbridge Chenango ............ bSl Baldwinsville Onondaga 2,130 Ballston Spa Saratoga 2,970 Batavia Genesee 3,890 Bath Rensselaer 1,465 Bay Shore Suffolk 1,200 Beekmantown Westchester 2,206 Belmont Allegany 795 Binghamton Broome 12,692 Boouville Oneida 1,418 Brasher Falls St. Lawrence 450 Brewerton Onondaga 518 Bridgehampton Suffolk 1,334 NEW YOBK,-Continued. PLACE, COUNTY. POP. Clarkville Madison 322 Clayton Jefferson 1,020 Clayville Oneida 944 Cleveland Oswego 895 Clit'ton Springs........ Ontario 746 Clinton... Oneida 1,640 Clyde Wayne 2,735 Clymer Chautauqua.. 400 Cobleskill Schoharie 1,030 Cohoes Albany 15,537 Cold Spring Putnam 3,086 Cold Springs Suffolk 730 College Point Queens 3,652 Colton St. Lawrence 6.33 Columbusville Queens 1,251 Constableville Lewis 712 Constantia Oswego .587 Copenhagen.. Lewis 675 Corning Steuben 4,018 (Portland Cortland..... 3,066 Dansviiie Livingston 3,387 Delhi Delaware 1,223 Deposit Broome 1,286 De liuyter Madison 605 Dryden Tompkins 672 Dundee Yates 730 Dunkirk Chautauqua 5,231 " ■ ■ 859 315 399 320 500 449 463 579 2,817 329 396,099 450 117,714 675 597 Brockport Monroe Brockton Chautauqua, Brooklyn Kings Brownville Jefferson Buffalo Erie Butternuts Otsego Caledonia Livingston . Cambridge Washington 1,530 Camden Oneida 1,703 Camillus Onondaga 598 Oanajoharie Montgomery 1,822 Ganandaigua Ontario 4,862 Canastota Madison 1,492 Cannonsville Delaware 319 Canton St. Lawrence • 1,681 Cape Vincent Jefferson 1,269 Carmel Putnam 590 Castile Wyoming 712 Castleton Rensselaer.,.. 580 Catskill Greene 3,791 Cayuga Cayuga 435 Cazenovia Madison 1,718 Central Mt. Vernon. Westchester 4.50 Central Square Oswego 359 Champlain Clinton 1,850 Channingville Dutchess 1,350 Chatham Columbia 1,387 Chaumont Jefferson, Cherry Valley Otsego.... Chester Orange ... Chittenango Madison , Cincinnatus Cortland. Clark's Mills Oneida 370 930 666 968 350 420 * The text gives the city of Albany as It was previous to the recent legislation, changing its limits. The pop- ulation of the ci^ 9,8 now hounded, is 76,125. Durhamville Oneida Eagle Harbor Orleans Earlville Madison East Bloomtield Ontario East Mt. Vernon Westchester.. Ebenezer Erie Elbridge Onondaga Ellicottville Cattaraugus Ellington Chautauqua -314 Elmira Chemung 15,863 Evans' Mills Jefferson 500 Fabius Onondaga 378 Factoryville Tioga 318 Fair Haven Cayuga 532 Fairmount Westchester 508 Fayetteville Onondaga 1,402 Fishkill „ Dutchess 737 Fishkill Landing.... Dutchess 2,992 Florida Orange 459 Flushing Queens 6,223 Fonda Montgomery 1,092 Fonda's Bush Fulton 987 Fordham Westchester 2,151 Forestville Chautauqua 722 Fort Ann Washington 639 Fort Covington Franklin 953 Fort Edward Washington 3,492 Fort Plain Montgomery 1,797 Frankfort Herkimer 1,083 Franklin Oneida 379 Franklin Delaware 681 Fredonia Chautauqua 2,.546 Frewsburg Chautauqua......... 379 Friendship .„., Allegany 474 Fulton Oswego 3,507 Fultonville Montgomery 1,117 Geddes Onondaga 3,629 Geneva Ontario 5,521 Gibson Steuben 372 Glenham Dutchess 924 Glen's Falls Warren 4,500 Gloversville Fulton 4,518 Good Ground Suffolk 504 Goshen Orange 2,205 Gouverneur St. Lawrence 1,627 Gowanda Cattaraugus 994 Greece Monroe 737 Greene Chenango 1,025 POPULATION-CITIES, VILLAGES, ETC.-NEW YORK. KliW YORK.— Continued. PLACE. Green Island Greenport COUNTY. POP. Albany 3,135 Suffolk l,5i« 330 8fi3 331 1,529 ti()2 444 454 1,111 1,27' NEW ITOBK.— Continued. Grindstone IsI'd Jefferson Groton Tompkins .. Guilford Chenango .. Hamilton ; Madison .... Hammondsport bteuben .... Hampton Oneida Hannibal Oswego Harfs Falls Rensselaer. Havana bchuyler ^ Hempstead Queens -vii^ Hencferson Jefferson ^'^9 Herkimer Herkimer 1,220 Hermon St. Lawrence 5m Hinsdale Cattaraugus o2i Holland Patent Oneida... 320 Homer Cortland 2,008 Honeoye Falls Monroe 921 Hornellsville Steuben 4,.»2 Horseheads Chemung 1,4 o Hudson Columbia ^hu Hunter's Point Queens l,5Jh Huntington ^"^^U^ int Hyde Park Dutchess 60» Ilion Herkimer 2,b/b Irving Chautauqua - •> Ithaca Tompkins Mt>2 Jamaica ^"2??,^ ^'w Jamesport Suffolk •^-■5 Jamestown Chautauqua.. Jamesviile Onondaga Johnsonville Rensselaer .... Johnstown Fulton Jordan Onondaga Kingston Ulster Knoxville bteuben Lancaster Erie..... Lansingburgh Rensselaer.... Lawrenceville St. Lawrence Lee Centre Oneida Leeds Greene Le Roy Genesee Lewiston Niagara Lima Livingston 1,2.0/ Little Falls Herlumer o,.isi POP. 473 960 912 670 487 PLACE. COUNTY.^ Montezuma Cayuga Montgomery f?^?;?^® Monticello buUivan Morrisville Madison Mount Hope Westchester Mount Morris Livingston 1,930 Mount Vernon Westchester 2,700 Munnsville Madison 3U Naples Ontario 902 Nassau Rensselaer 346 Newark Wayne.... 2,248 New Brighton Richmond _M95 17,014 400 743 453 425 651 5,336 402 .500 3,282 1 ,263 6,315 785 1,697 6,372 3.50 355 847 2,634 770 Newburgh Orange .... New Hamburgh Dutchess Hew Hartford Oneida .... New London Oneida .... New Paltz Ulster Newport Herkimer NewtownviUe Queens....... 2,108 New York New York 942,292 New York Mills Oneida 1,264 Niagara City Niagara Niagara Falls Niagara Nicholville St. Lawrence Norfolk St. Lawrence North Bay One^ida North Lawrence St. Lawrence Northport Suffolk 1,0!20 Norwich Chenango 4,2<9 Nunda }i^''V\^''^S^ I'Al Nvack Rockland.... 3,438 Ogdensburgh St. Lawrence 10,0/6 Oiean Cattaraugus 2,276 3,006 300 540 .348 550 1,.327 1 ,5.55 399 12,426 3,867 376 400 Liverpool Onondaga Livonia Station.; Livingston Lockport Niagara Long Isl'd City Queens Ludlowville Tompkins Lyndonville Orleans Lyons ^Yr'tVl?. ■ '451 517 405 629 670 303 879 871 428 432 483 Madison 3,262 Otsego 1,061 .... Onondaga 571 Oneida 584 .... Oneida 628 .. Oswego 20,910 Oswego 1,119 Seneca "24 Tioga 4,7.56 Chenango 1,27*^ vy»ici i>.'j Queens 889 Palatine Bridge........ Montgomery 493 Palmyra }l^^'^.^ Hll Panama Chaiitaiiqua 650 Parishville St. Lawrence 312 Peekskill A\ estchester 6,.560 Oneida Oneonta OnondagaValley Oriskany Oriskany Falls.. Oswego Oswego Falls Ovid Owego Oxford Oyster Bny B'laceclon AVayne McGrawville Cortland McLean Tompkins Madalin Dutchess Madrid St. Lawrence .. Maine Broome Manlius Onondaga Marathon Cortland Marcellus Onondaga Marion Wayne Massena St. Lawrence .. Matteawan Dutchess 2,406 Mayville Chautauqua 701 Mechanicsville Saratoga 1,075 Medina Orleans 2,821 Mexico Oswego 1,204 Middleburgh Schoharie 8M Middleport Niagara 731 , Middletown Orange 6,049 ^otsd^m j Middleville Herkimer ^06 [ FotsciamJ^uncnou Millport Chemung Mohawk Herkimer 3,488 . 867 368 1,355 384 699 1,418 1,703 551 401 505 Penn Yaun Yates Perry AVyoming Petei-boro Madison Phelps V'il'""^'^ Philadelphia Jefferson Philmont Columbia Phoenix Oswego Piermont Rockland Pike Wyoming Pine Plains Dutchess Pittsford ^lonroe Plattsburgh Chnton 5,139 Portageville Wyoming 491 Port Byron ^'f^^l^^ "l" He,? Port Chester Westchester 3,<9 Port Ewen Ulster 1,251 Port Jackson Montgomery 446 Port Jervis Orange 6,377 Port Leyden Lewis »/' Port Richmond Richmond 3,028 Port Washington ... Queens »04 PortviUe Cattaraugus 450 St. Lawrence 2,891 jT utauc^ui " ""-V St. Lawrence 966 741|Poughkeep8ie Dutchess 20,080 1 ,404 1 Prattsburgh Steuben ,„.,...., 639 FOPULATION-CITIES, VILLAGES, ETC.-NEW YORK. JfEW YORK.— Continued. PLACE. COUNTY. POP. Prattsville 9j^^^^ ti9 Prospect ^fi'^i'l* olf, Ouincy Chautauqua ooiJ llavenswood Queens 1,536 Red Creek jV ayne 529 Bed Hook Dutdieria M Rensselaer Falls St. Lawrence 39o RensBolaerville Albany ^f Rliinebeck Dutchess l,3^j Richtiold ripiings..,. Otsego ^yb Riclnnondville Schoharie WO Riverhead Sufiolk 1,2% Rochester Monroe 62,.teb Rockland Lake Rockland 51 Rome Oneida 11,0')') Rondout Lister 10,114 NEW YOBK.— Continued. COUNTY. POP. ()00 l,2t)6 543 Roslyn Queens Rouse's Point Clinton Rushford Allegany , Russell St. Lawrence 'Mo Sackett's HarLor Jefferson 71o St. Johnsville Montgomery l,.>/b Sag Harbor Suffolk..... hi2.j Salem Washington l,2o9 - ^ , ^,j3 966 Sand Lake Rensselaer Sandy Creek Oswego .... Sandy Hill Washington 2,o47 Saratoga Spr'gs Saratoga ^•;>16 Saugerties Ulster o,,oi Samiuoit ^"g?'^f^ Sayville Suffolk Schenectady 4.39 1,200 .. Schenectady 11,026 PLACE. Tonawanda Erie 2,812 Tottenville Richmond 1,571 Tremont Westchester 2,025 Tribe's Hill Montgomery 365 Troy Rensselaer 46,465 Trumansbui-g Tompkins 1,246 Truxton Cortland 314 Turin Lewis 552 UnadiUa Otsego 875 Union Springs Cayuga 1,150 Utica Oneida 28,804 Valley Falls Rensselaer 600 Vernon Oneida 391 Verplank Westchester 1,500 Victor Ontario 506 Victory 3iills Saratoga 870 Waddington St. Lawrence 710 Waiden Orange 1,254 Walton Delaware 866 Walworth Wayne 362 Wappinger's Falls... Dutchess 2,263 Wardville Genesee 788 Warren Rockland 3,469 Warrersburgh Warren 715 Warwick Orange 938 Warsaw Wyoming 1,631 Waterford Saratoga 3,071 Vv'aterloo Seneca 4,086 Watertown Jefferson 9,336 Waterville Oneida 1,182 Watkins Schuyler.... 2,639 Waveriy Tioga 2,239 Sclienevus Otsego -i-W Schoharie bcholiarie 1,2(. i Schroon Essex 300 Schuylerville Saratoga l,-*, Seneca Falls Seneca 5,890 Sharon Springs Schoharie 520 Sherman Chautauqua 610 Sidney Plains Delaware 40;:i Silver Creek Chautauqua 666 Sing Sing Westchester 4,696 Skaneateles Onondaga 1,409 Smithborough Tioga 304 Sodus Wayne 516 Southampton Suffolk 943 B. Glen's Falls Saratoga 1,047 South Rondout Ulster 40,t Spencerport ]Monroe 591 Springville Erie 1,006 Still . ater Saratoga 737 Syracuse Onondaga 43,0.51 Taherg Oneida _^ 400 Theresa Jefferson 798 Three Mile Bay Jefferson 417 Tioga Centre Tioga 304 Tivoli DutchesB 452 Weedsport Cayuj Wellsburgh Chemung Wellsville Allegany West Farms Westchester., West Field Chautauqua. West Hampton Suffolk 1,348 542 2,03i 1,761 3,000 439 West Mt.Vernoii Westchester 1,200 942 315 10,693 4,322 964 1,907 480 912 661 325 658 756 392 307 797 338 West Point Orange West Sand Lake Rensselaer West Troy Albany W^hitehall Washington.. AVhitesboro Oneida White Stone Queens Whitney's Point Broome Williamsville Erie Wilson Niagara Windsor Broome Wolcott Wayne Wolcottsville ?>"iagara Woodhull Steuben Woodstock Westchester.. Wurtsborough..., Sullivan Wyoming Wyoming Yonkers Westchester 12,/33 Youngstowu Niagara 476 POPULATION BY COUNTIES.— NEW YORK inBW YORK. COUNTIES. Albany Allegany Broome Cattaraugus . Cayuga Chautauqua.. Chemung Chenango Clinton Columbia Cortland Delaware Dutchess Brie Essex Franklin Fulton Genesee Grreone Hamilton Herkimer .Jefferson Kings Lewis Livingston .., Madison Monroe Montgomery New York .... Niagara , Oneida 1870. 1860. 133,052 113,917 40,814 41,8^1 44,103 35,906 4:5,909 43,886 59,550 55,767 59,327 58,422 35,281 26,917 40,564 40,934 47,947 45,7;i5 47,044 47,172 25,173 26,294 42,972 42,465 74,041 64,941 178,69';) 141,971 29,042 2>,214 30,271 30,837 27,064 24,162 31,606 32,189 31,8.-52 31,930 2,96ii 3,024 39,929 40,561 65,415 69,825 419,921 279,122 2«,699 28,580 38,309 39,546 43,522 43,545 117,868 100,648 34,457 30,866 942,292 813.669 5(),437 50,399 110,008 105,202 NEW YORK.— Continued. COUNTIES. Onondaga Ontario Orange Orleans Oswego Otsego Putnam Queens liensselaer Richmond Kockland Saratoga Schenectady.., Schoharie Schuyler Seneca Steuben St. Lawrence , Suffolk Sullivan Tioga Tompkins Ulster Warren Washington . Wayne Westchester.. Wyoming Yates 1870. 1860. Total 4382759 3880735 104,183 45,ias 80,902 27,689 77,941 48,967 15,420 73,803 99,549 33,029 25,213 51,529 21,347 33,340 18,989 27,823 67,717 84,826 46,924 34,550 30,572 33,178 84,075 22,592 49,568 47,710 131,3^18 29,164 19,595 90,686 44,563 63,812 28,717 75,958 60,157 14,002 67,391 86,328 25,492 22,492 51,729 20,002 34,469 18,840 28,138 66,690 83,689 43,275 32,as5 28,748 31,409 76,381 21,434 45,904 47,762 99,497 31,968 20,290 APPENDIX OBJECTS OF INTEREST. Oyerloook Mountain in the Cats- kills ia numbered among the most attraqtiv^e and desirable summer re- aorta for parties wishing to sojourn for the seiison, as well as to the tour- ist or transient sight-seer. This mountain peak elevated 3,811 feet above tide water, forming a portion of the Catskills ; is situated in the town of Woodstock; New York, about six miles south of the boundary line between Ulster and Green counties. Overlook Mountain House is situated on the most commanding site of Overlook Mountain. From the veranda of this House id presented one of the grandest views in Ameri- can scenery. One hundred miles of the valley of the Hudson is spread out before the view, and the eye be- holds the rugged Shawangunks, Cats- kills and Berkshires, extending from High Point, in the south-west,^ to Mt? Holyoke in the east, taking in a large portion of five states. The combination of the rugged mountain, the cultivated valley, river, and lakes, cities and villages far end near, presei^ts to the eye at one time a picturesque and imposing landscape unsurpissed. Oyerlook Mountain Lake, a pretty sheet of wa er, nestles among the great hills, a short distance fro:n the Hotel. Numerous paths among the mountains lead to a great variety of superb views, and as the mercury at this point ran ores f"om 15 to 20 de- grees below tbat of New York City, and the air being so clear and in- vigorating, one is stimulated to take a great amount of exercise in out door rambling. The overworked, brain and debili- tated frame, will find at this popular resort, vigor and health returning, while patients suffering with peach or hay fever are speedily cured. A Thunder Shower Viewed From this Mountain is worth traveling many miles to see. One may look down upon the top of the cloud* gathering but a mile distant in th valley below where with thunder and lightning the storm is raging, while on the tops of the mountain all is sunshine. The iloute to Overlook Mountain House. Take passage on any of the Hudson River steamboats, or on the New York Central and Hudson River rail-road or by Erie and "Walkill Val- ley railroad, to Rondout, Rhinebeck Station, or Kingston, thence nine miles up the mountain, via. Kingston and Syracuse rail-road to West Hur- ley, where the hotel stages are in waiting for every train. By consul tr ing the maps the exact geographical position of the house can be determin- ed and the several routes to the sam€» traced. The Hotel (see cut) is built in the most ele!^:ant style, furnished with every modern convenience, and will accomTnodate over 500 guests, tW Th'i rooms are large and airy, containing hot and cold water, anc^ from the windows on every side o| the house a beautiful and command* ino- view of the country is to be had. ELIAS HOWF, Jr. POINTS OF iSUPERlORITY.— Simplicity and Perfection of Mechanism. Durability- Will last a Lifetime. Eange of Woik-Withcut ParaUel. Peifectiou of Stitch and Tension. Ease of Operation and Manag'ement. Self-Adjusting Taka-up. , „ , -x,.^. , « FIRST PR EMIUMS AWARDED. A ^old Medal at the Internal lonal Exhibition of all Knlions. London, 1862; a Gold Medal at the New Y rk State Fair 1866 ; a Gold Medal at tbe Exposition Universelle, Paris, 1867, and the Cross of Ihe Legion of Honor, to Eliaa Howe Jr., as Original Inventor; at the S^at- Fairs of Ohio, New York, Vermont, and ^ew Hampshire, 1868; and their latest and crowning triumph was atthe Rteat Vienna Exhibi- tion, in 1873, where the^' received no less than five leslimomals foi» Superior Merit; and tbeir representative. Geo. W. Howe, Esq., was not only made a member of the Saint Prauds Joseph Society, but received a Gold Medal from the Society .of Arts m that City, m konor of the Fa' her of the Sewine Machine Industry. Agencies in all the principal cities and towns in this state, flat is Mnslrial Life Insurance ? The plan of issuiBg policies of Life Insurance for so small an amount as *100 is called " industiial," because the industrial or laboring classes can aU avail themselves of its protection and blessings without financial embarrass- ment in paving the premiums, vfhich are but trifling in amount being semi- annually $1, $3 or $3. according to the age of the insured, and the term for which the policy will issue. As a rule the poorer or medium classes do not want to provide money for their children or families after their death but very naturally and very properly expect their children to provide for them- gelves and, as a rule, tl.ey do. 'Ihey do want to provide for their burial, and all they want is to leave a sufficient sum behind them to provide for a decent burial. Now, in the vast majority of cases $100 would bo sufficient for that purpose : and in telling the working classes that you would not allow them to hisure for less than $1,000, you aive them precisely the boon which they do not want and they have shown their feeling with regard to it by not av ilmg themselves of it at all. The result has been that persons desiring msuranee in accordance with their means have been led by thousands to become members of co-operative schemes and so called " mutual benefit companies, which hay- ing no foundation or solid financial basis, have proved almost universally to be delusions instead of benefits. , . , , , j i. j v i.v The Industrial Plan of Life Insurance which has been adopted by the Missouri Valley Life Insurance Company of Leavenworth, Kansas—a solid and solvent institution of about one million dollars assets— is a simpli- fication of an ordinary life policy reduced to the size of a greenback and for sums of $100 each. ^1 he premiums are paid semi-annually— the first payment being sli'^htly more than the regular future semi-annual payments, in_ order to meet the expense of the policy, medical examination, and commissions to agents. For example, if the party insured is under 45 years ot age the first payment is $2 and the cost of the medical examination (usually |1), when made but after this first expense the policy is continued in full force and eftect by the payment every six months of One Dollar, and no more. (For rates and terms of payment for other ages, see Prospectus.) / A person desiring |1,000 insurance or more may take ten or more policies of $100 each, and if he cannot, when the next payment falls due pay for all he holds, he may pay on a portion of them, and not, as in ordinary life insurance, lose the whole ; as a forfeiture of one policy will not affect the remainder The best evidence of the success of this plan in America, and of the favor with which it will be received in the future, is that in the last two months and twenty days of 1878, this department issued 7,300 Industrial policies, the payments for which were made in advance mranted^ a G-eneral Agent, To represent every County and work it thoroughly, on salary or commis- «ion, or both. For full particulars address : H. H. HADLEY, Man,, Industrial Department. 176 BKO^D^WA Y. :N^. Y. HIGHLAND HOUSE. GARRISON, N. Y., Half a mile from the Depot, Opposite West Point, Situated directly in the midst of the Mountains of the High- lands, three hundred feet above the river. The views from the House are grand. The Lawn is fifteen acres in extent, and"^ abundantly supplied with shade trees, The Finest Family Hotel ON THE HUDSON ElYEE. The SCENERY and DRIVES of the Hudson Hig lands are unsurpassed. A Billiard Room, Bowling ^lleys, tjorses & Carriages Connected with this House. Garrison Station is fifty miles from New York city by Hudson River Railroad. All trains stop at this station, and are met by our stage during the season. a. r. & W. D. aAERISOlif Proprietors p. S.— We are, also, Managers of the GRAND UNION HOTEL, opposite the Grand Central Depot, New York City. When you Visit or when you Leave the City of New York by the Oars from the GRAND CENTRAL DEPOT. For Saratoga, Niagara Falls, Canada, White Mountains, or other Summer Resorts, or for the Eastern, Western or Southern States, save Carriage hire and stop at The Grand Union Hotel, OPPOSITE THE GRAND CENTRAL DEPOT, On 4th Avenue ^ 41st St., and on 42d St. Your Baggage car) be delivered in your Roonj iij Five njinutes. Jfe have over 350 elegantly furnished ^ooms. Single persons, $f, $/.50 S $2 per day. Also, ncMy furnished Suits of ^ooms forl^amilies. Trices moderate. On the European Plan. Our Two Restaurants are supplied with the best the mar- kets can furnish. Prices Moderate. A Room is fitted up, where you can leave your Valise, Coats, Parcels,