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\Sinff SilU/ 
 
 Tarriffotm 
 
SUMMER 
 
 IN THE 
 
 PALISADES. 
 
 A DESCKIPTION OP THE 
 
 I^orthernRailroadofNew Jersey 
 
 AND THE 
 
 PALISADES 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 
 LANGE, LITTLE & CO., PRINTERS AND ELECTROTTPERS, 
 
 108 TO 114 WoosTER Street. 
 
 1875. 
 
Enterod according to Act of Congress, July, 1875, by 
 E. G. TUCKERMAN. 
 
 .P^T 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 Less than twenty years ago the section of country lying along 
 the western base of the Palisade Ridge, from Bergen, N. J., to 
 Tappan, N". Y., was but little more than a solitary waste. True, 
 there were scattered settlements, good farms here and there, and 
 wagon roads connecting them with New York markets. Al- 
 though fertile and charmingly situated, little value was set on 
 the land by its owners, as the enhancing power of business and 
 trade were lacking. The Jersey marshes — that great area of low 
 land and water which so long stood as a barrier to modern prog- 
 ress in that direction — stretched their uninviting acres to the west, 
 and the almost unexplored sumniit of the Palisades rose like an 
 invincible sentinel in the east, forbidding the advance of improve- 
 ment up from the rich valley. The meadows are still there, but 
 no longer regarded as a worthless waste. The rugged range of 
 hills has not shrunk an iota from its ancient height, but a for- 
 bidding aspect no longer marks its wooded slopes and rocky 
 crests. Isolated farms have been transformed into thriving and 
 beautiful villages and towns ; desolate swamp land has become 
 the rich nursery of fruits and flowers ; the opulent, the refined, 
 the powerful now people the hills and valleys, and with the de- 
 lightful air of rural ease and pastoral pleasure that characterizes 
 
4 PREFACE. 
 
 the entire region is mingled one of nnmistakable business 
 prosperity. In short, the wilderness now blossoms like the rose, 
 and in all the length and breadth of the land cannot be found a 
 more charming stretch of country than this same diversified 
 valley. 
 
 And all this magic change was wrought by a railroad. The 
 quiet of the ancient hills was broken sixteen years ago by the shriek 
 of a commonplace locomotive — a grimy, belching, hissing, thun- 
 dering locomotive, ever synonymous, in the rustic mind, with the 
 destruction of all that characterizes rural joy and peace. But the 
 Genius of Suburban Ease was not driven from its chosen home 
 by this locomotive, but rather found its mystic realm strength- 
 ened and enlarged, and its devotees annually increased. Never, 
 probably, in the history of railroads in this country, was there 
 less perceptible prosperous future for a road than for the one that 
 was projected through this section in 1854. But there were men 
 who were strong in the belief that they could read in the horo- 
 scope of the coming years great results which would follow the de- 
 velopment of the region by a railroad penetrating its heart, and, 
 willing to risk much to demonstrate their faith, in the above year 
 obtained a charter for the building of such a road. The work 
 was commenced, and completed, and in 1859 the first train of 
 cars traversed the historic and romantic valley. This road was 
 the Northern Railroad of New Jersey, and that the dreams of its 
 projectors have been more than realized, the hourly trains 
 that glide over the road, filled to repletion with passengers whose 
 homes along the line were, literally, made by the iron thorough- 
 fare, alone bear ample witness. 
 
 The Palisade Ridge (or Closter Hills), along the western base of 
 which the Northern Road runs almost its entire length, and which 
 is a constant theme for the writer, and subject for the painter, is a 
 rural precipice rising from the Hudson River, commencing at 
 Weehawken, and extending for twenty miles up the river, gradu- 
 
JPREFAOE. 5 
 
 ally increasing in height, which ranges from 300 to 450 feet. The 
 summit of the Palisades isof an average width of one mile, and is 
 reached from the west by a succession of terraces and easy slopes. 
 The Eidge ends abruptly in the north, at the Sparkill Val- 
 ley, receding to the west in a low range, then sweeping in a circle 
 towards the river again, of which it becomes once more the 
 western boundary two miles north of Nyack, jutting out' at the 
 head of the Tappanzee, and forming the lofty, precipitous bluff, 
 known as Verdrieteje's Hook. Nortli of that it becomes the High- 
 lands of the Hudson, and continues to be one of tlie wonders of 
 the Western Continent. 
 
 Before the construction of the Northern Eailroad, the summit 
 of the Palisades was almost an unknown wilderness. True, rude 
 wood paths wound about the labyrinth of tangled underbrush, 
 dark ravines, and treacherous forest depths; but it was a daring 
 undertaking to attempt to reach the Hudson from the west 
 by any of these. Boulders, huge and numerous, added to the 
 inaccessibility of the ridge, and, in short, the grandest section of 
 the Hudson River was virtually unexplored. But the coming of 
 the railroad changed all that. With it men of means, enterprise, 
 and far-sightedness entered the region, and to-day the wood paths 
 are changed to charming drives and graded boulevards; inacces- 
 sible jungles have disappeared to make way for the handsome and 
 elaborate grounds that surround imposing mansions, which have 
 arisen, as it were, from the very boulders that lay like Titans on 
 the Ridge, declaring no thoroughfare, and obstructing all im- 
 provement. There is barely a foot of this grand mountain sum- 
 mit but what is, or will soon be, accessible for the most desirable 
 building sites, all within easy reach of some attractive station on 
 the Northern Road. 
 
 The beauty of the villages along this road, and their unrivaled 
 locations, cannot fail to strike the most prosy observer. They all 
 otfer the most delightful sites upon which to erect suburban 
 
6 PREFACE. 
 
 homes, and as the demands of business encroach npon city dwelling 
 places, and bid the occupants — as the policeman does poor Joe in 
 Bleak House — to "move on,'' these pleasant places are annually 
 taken up ; and that man must be hard, indeed, to please who 
 cannot find a perfect home at some one of the beautiful localities 
 which will hereafter be fully described. Eeal estate varies in 
 price, from $300 to $2,500 an acre, and one has hill, dale, glen, 
 and forest from which to choose. The entire length of the road, 
 from New York to Nyack, is but thirty miles, and their many ad- 
 vantages and sylvan charms are annually deciding hundreds, 
 in selecting a suburban abiding place, to choose one from among 
 these homes in the Palisades. 
 
Summer i^ the Palisades. 
 
 TYLER PARK, 
 
 The first station on the road, is too near the city to be said to 
 have any distinctive character as an independent stopping place, 
 being, in fact, bnt an ontskirt of Bergen. The high location of 
 many of the bnildings, and the hill sloping down to the meadows, 
 form a pleasing pictnre, and the view off across the broad expanse 
 of low land, towards the far-off Jersey mountains, is very fine. 
 
 HOMESTEAD, 
 
 a mile further on, is an old settlement, lying oflF to the right, 
 its neat buildings dotting the hillside, and perching on the sum- 
 mit. The ancient Bergen turnpike crosses the hill liere, passing 
 the old Three Pigeons Hotel, which was an inn before the Revo- 
 lution, and has never lost its individuality as such. This inn was 
 once the stopping-place of Gen. Washington, and it was from 
 there, guided by a native lad, that he went to the point of the 
 mountain overlooking the Hudson, to view the ruins of old Fort 
 Washington. A quaint old sign still creaks in front of the house, 
 surmounted by three wooden pigeons. The hotel is now kept by 
 Frenchman named Bleke. There are two other hotels, both mod- 
 
8 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES, 
 
 ern — Jacquet House and the North Bergen Hotel. There are 
 two or three stores and a bhicksmitli shop in the place, and a good 
 public school. From Homestead, the meadow, the broad Uack- 
 ensack river, New York City, Snake Hill, and the prominent 
 Barbadoes Ridge, are spread out before the eye. 
 
 NEW DURHAM. 
 
 This station is entitled to some prominence for the extent of its 
 truck-gardening and fruit-raising, for which the whole section is 
 noted. The extensive gardens and fruit-canning establishment of 
 Andrew Beck are located here. Much of the low, wet land that 
 abounds here and at the station mentioned above, and which some 
 years ago was considered worthless, has been drained and utilized, 
 making rich and most productive soil. The work of reclaiming 
 this land increases annually, and it will be but a few years before 
 this whole section will be converted into one great garden of fruits 
 and flowers. New Durham boasts a grocery, a blacksmith shop, 
 and a post-office. There is a neat Baptist Church in the village, 
 and the same expansive view to the east is obtained from New 
 Durham as at the places below it, with the addition to the picture 
 of the thriving town of Carlstadt, hugging the hills some miles 
 away. The next place on the way is the village of 
 
 GRANTON, 
 
 which was formerly known as Allerton's. Here also a large 
 amount of market-gardening is done, while fruit-raising is a promi- 
 nent source of revenue to the place. There is a good general 
 store at Granton, but it is not a striking place in a business point 
 of view. Like its neighboi'ing stations, it offers fine sites for 
 suburban homes. 
 
 FAIRVIEW 
 
 is twenty minutes' ride from Jersey City, and two miles west o^ 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 9 
 
 the rugged wall of the Palisades, whose western slope is here 
 crowned with cedar, and dotted with many splendid residences. 
 The neat little railroad station at this place is in Hudson County, 
 N. J., but, a few steps eastward, Bellman's Creek creeps lazily 
 along, dividing that county from Bergen. The section hereabout 
 was formerly known as English Neighborhood. This name was 
 given it from the circumstance of the region having been settled 
 by the English, an exception to the peopling of the section 
 through which the road passes, which was done almost entirely by 
 the Dutch. A portion of the British army was encamped near 
 here during the Eevolution, and it was over the road which ex- 
 tends westward from the Hudson to Hackensack, crossing the 
 railroad, that the British passed, on their way to the latter place. 
 The ground about Fairview is high, and commands a magnificent 
 view of the surrounding country for miles. Some of the finest 
 residences on the road are here, among them the imposing man- 
 sion of the late Hon. T. H; Herring, formerly President of the 
 Northern Road. Fairview possesses a splendid water-power in 
 Wolf Creek, which comes down from the Palisade ridge, but which 
 has never been utilized for manufacturing purposes. Fairview 
 is very appropriately named, for nothing could be fairer than its 
 surroundings. At the time the railroad was built, it was the 
 largest town on the line below Piermont. Besides several business 
 establishments of various kinds, there is a cheerful country inn, 
 kept by Daniel Kelly, a neat Baptist Church, of which Rev. Mr. 
 Selick is pastor, and an excellent public school. Less than a 
 mile above Fairview, and in fact forming a part of old English 
 Neighborhood, is the beautiful hamlet of 
 
 RIDGEFIELD, 
 
 with its ancient church and grave-yard, its fine drives and resi- 
 
10 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 dences, and extended view of the jiicturesque country around it. 
 The cliurch mentioned above is of the Reformed Church denom- 
 ination, and was originally erected in 1768. The grave-yard sur- 
 rounding it, so thickly studded with white stones and monuments, 
 might, to the casual obsei'ver, be an unfavorable commentary on 
 the place as a sanitarium ; but when it is known that the grave- 
 yard was contemporary with the founding of the church, and that 
 beneath its sod lie the remains of people who had reached ages 
 varying from ninety to one hundred and six years, any adverse 
 opinion will undergo a great change. The air about Ridgefield is 
 pure and bracing, and many prominent New York business men 
 have handsome residences here. Among them is Gen. Alexander 
 Shaler, who owns largely of the land in the place. There is but 
 little business here, there being but one store. The cosy Club 
 House, the only hotel in Eidgelield, kept by A. J. Vanzaun, was 
 formerly the old Vreeland homestead, when the country about 
 here was given up to farming. The names of DeGroot, Banta, 
 Vreeland, and others associated with the original settlement of 
 this section, are perpetuated by well-to-do and well-known descend- 
 ants, who still occupy, if not the original homesteads, fine modern 
 mansions erected on their sites. Between the station and the old 
 Dutch Church is another relic of by-gone days, in the shape of 
 an apple orchard, the immense size and gnarled trunks of the 
 trees in which plainly indicate its great age. It was planted by 
 Cornelius Vreeland, no one knows how many years ago. Besides 
 the old church, of which the Rev. A. B. Taylor is pastor, there is an 
 Episcopal Church, whose pulpit is occupied by the Rev. James 
 Cameron. The Overpeck, or English Creek, flows by Ridgefield, 
 turning abruptly to the west, in its way to join the Ilacken- 
 sack. There is plenty of room for many more rural homes 
 here, and sites to build them on may be obtained on reasonable 
 terms. 
 
 Clinging to the western slope of the Palisade ridge we find 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 11 
 
 LEONIA, 
 
 about two miles from Ridgefield, Between the ridge and the 
 raih'oad a broad stretcli of plain intervenes, upon which neat resi- 
 dences are scattered about. A Catholic Church, a beautiful 
 structure, built of stone, nestles among the trees on the summit 
 of the eastern hills, and is visible for miles around. Leonia is 
 not over-stocked Avith trade, one grocery store, two blacksmiths, 
 and a coal dealer being sufficient to supply the wants of the place. 
 Besides the church mentioned there is also one belonging to the 
 Reformed denomination. Many New Yorkers have homes here, 
 or over the brow of the hill. 
 
 WALTON, 
 
 The next station above, a short mile distant, is similar in situation 
 and surroundings to Leonia. At this place we find the extensive 
 dyeing and cleaning works of Messrs. Barretts, Palmer & Heal ; 
 these works embrace about three acres of ground, and employ on 
 an average 100 men ; they were built in 1865, but the business 
 increased to such an extent that in 1869 they were enlarged to 
 double their capacity, and have been again enlarged this year. 
 The offices are in New York City, as will be seen by their card in 
 another jjlace. From Walton, the elegant residences and superb 
 location of 
 
 ENGLEWOOD, 
 
 which have been visible for some time, become more definitely out- 
 lined. The growth of this village since the construction of the 
 Northern Railroad has been truly marvelous. Prom a solitary 
 store, the " Old Liberty Pole Tavern," a small school- house, and a 
 
12 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 few straggling houses, the place has grown in sixteen years to be 
 an important suburb of New York City. From the railroad the 
 village rises eastward in a succession of terraces to the ridge of the 
 Palisades. Each terrace is adorned with elegant residences, and 
 every surrounding denotes wealth and culture. What nature left 
 undone, art and architecture have supplied, and the solitary hamlet 
 of " Liberty Pole," almost submerged in the meadows, is now one 
 of the most popular places of suburban residence near New York. 
 The population of Englewood is about four thousand, and every 
 year adds to the number. 
 
 Among the prominent residents of Englewood are the Hon. 
 William Walter Phelps, W. R. Vermilye, the banker, Geo. S. 
 Coe, William B. Dana, of the Commercial and Financial Chronir 
 cle, Elwood Walters, E. A. Brinckerhoff, D. R. Martin, C. T. 
 Chester, L. W. Leeds, architect, H. M. Banks, Shepherd Ho- 
 mans, L S. Homans, Cornelius Lydecker, Francis Howland, 
 E. W. Andrews, Livingston K. Miller, J. Wyman Jones, J. 
 Augustus Duryee, J. W. McCulloh, Managing Director of 
 the Northern Railroad, and Thomas W. Demarest, its first 
 President, and one of its pioneers, and now Clerk of Bergen 
 County. 
 
 The drives about Englewood are numerous and delightful. One 
 along the Palisades commands a fine view of the valley of the Hud- 
 son, and of the opposite shore. This road is reached from the 
 station, a distance of about two miles, by Palisade Avenue, a finely 
 constructed road, from which, looking westward, is an extensive 
 and beautiful view. The Tenafly road and Teaneck road are also 
 favorites. 
 
 As a business place, Englewood is thriving. It is lighted with 
 gas. Its stores are neat and well-arranged. The Athenaeum is a 
 large brick building, on the corner of Engle Street and Palisade 
 Avenue. It contains one of the finest amusement halls outside of 
 the larger towns. The Englewood Times, a popular and well-con- 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. I'd 
 
 • 
 
 ducted newspaper, is issued Aveekly, and is quick to inform its 
 readers of all matters of local interest. 
 
 There are five churches in Englewood: Presbyterian, Eev. 
 H. K Booth, Pastor; Episcopal, Rev. J. W. Payne, Rector; 
 Methodist, Eev. S. IS". Bebout; Reformed, Rev. J. Y. Debaun ; 
 Catholic, Father Smits. 
 
 There is a " Protection Society," for the detection and punish- 
 ment of crimes and minor offenses, organized under an Act of the 
 Legislature, passed in 18G9. Any resident may be elected a 
 member. By a small annual assessment the expenses are de- 
 frayed. The society and its officers are vested by the act with 
 some very summary powers, in the matter of arrests, etc., which 
 give them some of the characteristics and efficiency of a police 
 force. 
 
 The present membership is about two hundred. And, as their 
 powers are vigilantly and cautiously exercised, 'breaches of the 
 peace are rare, and Englewood is not often visited by the danger- 
 ous classes. The system works admirably. 
 
 The summer hotels are pleasant and well kept. 
 
 The Englewood House, with its beautiful grounds and fine 
 view, is on Engle Street, near the depot ; Mrs. L. F. Rider, pro- 
 prietor. 
 
 The Palisade House is a quiet little hotel, that will accommo- 
 date about forty guests. The proprietor, Mr. Byron D. Adams, is 
 a gentleman who knows how to " keep a hotel " and make his 
 guests comfortable. His aim is to aftbrd a good house for the 
 accommodation of transient guests ; though he can furnish ac- 
 commodations for parties wishing to stay through the season. 
 This house is open all the year, and the rates are very mode- 
 rate. 
 
 '. The Palisades Mountain House, on Ly decker Point, one of the 
 most prominent projections of the Palisades, ranks among the 
 finest hotels in the country; D. S. Hammond, proprietor. 
 
14 SUMMER IN THE PALISADEti. 
 
 m 
 
 The opposite engraving represents one of the finest Summer 
 Hotels in the world. Englewood, which is about a mile and a 
 half west, has many handsome residences and charming inland 
 views, but the Palisades, for beauty and variety of scenery, far 
 surpass any situation within many miles of New York. 
 
 Tile Palisades extend a distance of eight miles; they are four 
 hundred feet or over above the level of the ocean, and on one of 
 their highest and most prominent outlooks stands the Mountain 
 House. At its foot, the grand old Hudson washes the base of 
 the cliffs on Avhich it is built, and the bosom of the river displays 
 an ever-changing panorama of busy steamers or light- winged 
 craft that enchants the eye. To the north bold sweeps of coast, 
 marked with woody headlands and capped with a luxuriant forest, 
 stretch away into the dim distance. Southerly, the spires of the 
 city, the soft green hills of Staten Island, and the gleam of the 
 Narrows fill the horizon ; and in front, a superb expanse of hill 
 and dale, river, bay, and sound spreads itself for miles and miles 
 to the east; while from the upper windows the western view 
 embraces all that beautiful country between the valley of the 
 Overpeck and the Orange Mountains. The air is exceedingly 
 clear and salubrious, and has proved extremely beueficial to in- 
 valids and children of delicate constitutions. The hotel is sup- 
 plied with water from a clear, cool, and delicious spring in the 
 forest, a mile to the westward. The pleasant and various ways of 
 access make it a most desirable summer resort, particularly for 
 gentlemen doing business in the city. 
 
 The Northern Eailroad runs trains frequently to Englewood, 
 as per time-table on last page, and omnibuses for the Palisades 
 connect with many of them. 
 
 There is also daily communication from foot of Harrison St., 
 New York, by fine steamboats, that land at the foot of the bluffs. 
 
 A forty minutes' sail brings you to the landing, where carriages 
 and omnibuses are in waiting, or a ten minutes' walk up a ro- 
 
BTTMMER IN THE PALISADES. 17 
 
 mantic foot-path leads you to the summit. The boats are com' 
 modious and airy, and the sail either way most refreshing. 
 
 The Palisade Mountain House, since its recent enlargement, 
 can accommodate about five hundred guests. The rooms are 
 large, en suite, completely, richly, and tastefully furnished. The 
 proprietor, Mr. D. S. Hammond, thoroughly understands his 
 business, and nothing is left undone that could please the most 
 exacting o-uest. Last year, it was universally admitted that the 
 cuisine of this house was equal to any in the country ; and we 
 have no doubt but that the standard will be kept up in the 
 future. The grounds about the house are picturesque, the 
 drives excellent, and the river convenient for yachting and boat- 
 ing. Gas, hot and cold water, an excellent billiard room and 
 bowling alley, a fine band of music, and a Avell-managed livery 
 stable, provide every comfort and recreation that could be ex- 
 pected. And the fact that the first guests of the Mountain 
 House continue to be its steadfast patrons, year after year, speaks 
 for its special merits more plainly than many words. 
 
 Among the attractions of Englewood, particularly for families, 
 is the fine Collegiate Institute of the Rev. T. CI. Wall, for young 
 ladies and children. This is one of the oldest established schools 
 in this section of the country, having been opened in 1860. 
 
 Long before the village had attained its present size, parents 
 living miles away used to send their children to this school. Mr. 
 Wall is assisted by a very able corps of eight teachers, and with 
 the exception of the colleges, no institution furnishes a more 
 extended course of study. The school will accommodate 125 
 pupils. The building is well ventilated ; and, in winter, heated 
 throughout by steam. A reference to the card of Mr. Wall at 
 the end of this book will furnish further particulars. 
 
 The Englewood Classical and Mathematical School for boys is 
 just entering its twelfth year. It flourished as a day school for 
 some years, was then enlarged to accommodate 25 boarding 
 
18 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 pupils, and is now a first-class boarding and day School. The 
 Principals, Messrs. Kiirsteiner and White, are Avell-known and 
 active edncators. Their long e\])erience in their profession, and 
 their success in preparing young men for college and business, 
 are evidence of their ability as instructors. It is the conscien- 
 tious intention of the Principals to make the school, in all its 
 departments, as perfect as any in the land. Since the number of 
 boarding pupils is limited, the individuality of the boy is not 
 lost, and he comes constantly under the personal influence of the 
 Principals. Each pupil will find the school a home, and a com- 
 fortable one, in which parental care will be extended so far as 
 possible. A card of the school will be found at the end of the 
 book. 
 
 'i'here is also a lai'ge and excellent pul)lic school presided over 
 by J. H. Walker, Esq. 
 
 HIGHLAND, 
 
 The next place on the road, in sight of Englewood, is located 
 upon high, rolling ground, and contains numerous handsome 
 villas. Tills station is the chosen residence of several gentlemen 
 prominent in business and political circles, among them Henry 
 W. Baldwin, JSup't. of the New Jersey Mutual Life Insurance 
 Company, H. A. Barling, and Charles Taylor. There are a num- 
 ber of quaint old stone buildings in this vicinity, reminders of 
 days long since passed, built by the men who early sought these 
 pleasant hills and fertile plains, before railroads had even reached 
 embryo form, and when the busy metropolis was considered a 
 long way off. The valley of the Overpeck is all spread out 
 beneath the residences of Highland, and mountains, dimly out- 
 lined in the purple distance, bound the charming landscape. A 
 neat store presents the only evidence that business ever haunts 
 the quiet spot, while the most complete Sunday-School chapel in 
 
BUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 1«J 
 
 the county, if not iu the State, indicates that the moral welfare 
 of the youth is well provided for. The magnificent building 
 sites are yearly taken up by seekers after ruriil ease, and. tbe 
 place is becoming a favorite one on tlie road. But a mile further 
 on, surrounded by high, rolling hills, is 
 
 TENAFLY, 
 
 a perfect gem of a village, seventeen miles from New York. The 
 western slope of the Palisades approaches nearer to the road here 
 than at any place below Sparkill, and the buildings of the place 
 are erected on a series of terraces from the plain to the summit of 
 the ridge. Tenafly, signifying " Willow Meadow," from the great 
 number of willows that abound in its fields, was an old Holland 
 settlement, and is now one of the most beautiful spots between 
 Nyack and New York. Hill, valley, and stream combine their 
 attractions here, and art has aided nature in beautifying the 
 place. The streets are wide, and wind up the hills by easy grades, 
 while charming park enclosures meet the eye on every side. 
 From the summit of the ridge a view of country, extending for 
 nearly a hundred miles around, lies in one grand panorama be- 
 fore the eye. To the north, closing the scene in that direction, is 
 the Orange Mountain, in the southern part of Orange County, 
 the intervale being a succession of lesser hills and smiling valleys. 
 Snake Hill rears its rugged head in the south, standing like a 
 sentinel to tlie right of Newark Bay, a gleam of which is cauglit 
 in the distance, seeming, from here, to wash the feet of the peaks 
 of Staten Island, which are faintly outlined beyond. Westward 
 are rolling hills, and here and there a village dotting the pros- 
 pect, which takes in the country almost to Paterson. The Pali- 
 sade ridge at Tenafly is about four hundred feet above the river, 
 and New York harbor, the cities of New York and Brooklyn, 
 and even the shores of old ocean are discernible from its lol'tY 
 
20 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 summit. Health has its abiding-place here, the pure air and 
 water standing as an invulnerable guard over tlie favored locality. 
 Tenafly was formerly christened North Englewood, and efforts 
 have also been made to have its name changed to Highwood 
 Park. The drives hereabout are unrivaJL'd. Tiiere was formerly 
 a popular hotel here, called the Highwood House, but it was 
 destroyed by tire last season. The Highwot)d Park Associa- 
 tion of Tenaily has i)urchased tiie grounds, and intend erecting 
 a new and grand hotel edifice on the site. A f(.'ature of Tenafly is 
 the depot of the Northern Railway Company. This is a structure 
 of great architectural beauty, built of the fine freestone that 
 abounds on the hillsides all along the road. It cost 112,000. A 
 charming park forms a part of the depot grounds. There is a 
 constant demand for residences here during the summer, and 
 they are not erected fast enougii to meet it. There are four car- 
 penters and builders in the place. Tenafly is the residence of 
 John Hull Browning, President of the Northern Road ; Judge 
 Ashbel Green; John S. Lyle, of Lord & Taylor; and other prominent 
 men. There is a Presbyterian Church, the Rev. Chirence Geddes, 
 Pastor; an Episcopal, the Rev. R. B. Hoyt, Rector ; and a Catholic 
 Church, of which Father C. C. Cannon is Pastor. A good and 
 well-attended public school is anu^ng the institutions of Tenafly. 
 There is considerable business done in the place, there being a 
 large general store, a sash and blind establishment, and other 
 smaller places of trade. 
 
 Leaving Tenafly, the country becomes more heavily w'ooded. 
 At 
 
 CRESSKILL, 
 
 the next station, only eighteen miles from New. York, there are 
 patches of tine forest land, and the Palisade ridge rises more 
 abruptly. There are hills on every side, and a neat little 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 21 
 
 park near the depot. The residences are notably handsome, 
 and all command the remarkable views of the region. Attractive 
 roads extend in all directions, the Hillside road, over the Pali- 
 sades, to the village of Alpine, being one of great beauty. There 
 are building sites yet unoccupied at Cresskill, which are unsur- 
 passed for location anywhere along the road. The silk mills of 
 Cantrell & Chapin were formerly here, but manufacturing inter- 
 ests are represented now solely by the Demarest Woolen Mills. 
 There are one or two stores, a school, and a Reformed and a Baptist 
 Church. The name of Cresskill was suggested by the abundance 
 of Avater-cresses in the stream that flows through the place, known 
 as the Tenakill. The northern boundary of New York City, 
 "which'is now the southern boundary of the city of Yonkers, is 
 opposite Cresskill, two miles and a half to the east. 
 
 DEMAREST, 
 
 with its unique stone depot, is a mile above Cresskill, and is re- 
 markable for its high lands, so close to the railroad, overlooking 
 a distant and beautiful prospect. It is the home of the Hon. 
 Ralph S. Demarest, after whose family the place is named; of 
 ex-Alderman John A. Taylor, a member of the New York Bar ; 
 and of Mr. George U. Lyman, Founder of the New York Clear- 
 ing-House, and now President of the Automatic Signal Fire Tel- 
 egraph Company. " Brook Farm," the home of Mr. Crammond 
 Kennedy, late managing editor of The Christian Union, lies on 
 both sides of Orchard Road, about half a mile towards the Pali- 
 sades. The stone part of the homestead is said to have been 
 built before the Revolution ; and although the place has been en- 
 larged and modernized, it still has a quaint, retiring, and unpre- 
 tending air that is very attractive. 
 
 The MuRRAY-HiLL House is on the sloping eminence, west ol 
 the depot. This charming hotel, formerly known as the Harring- 
 
22 SUMMER m THE PALIS ADEb. 
 
 ton House, having been purchased by the present owner, Mk. John 
 B. Murray, of New York, and entirely renovated with fresh paint, 
 new furniture, and many other improvements, has been opened by 
 Mr. and Mrs. Charles Coljjath, well known in Newark, as 
 proprietors of the Park House and other popular hotels. Con- 
 nected with the Murray-Hill House are eight acres of lawn, 
 which are to be prettily laid out iu terraces, with trees and flow- 
 ers. A billiard-room and bowling-alley are on the grounds, also 
 a summer house and marquee. The purest drinking water is 
 brought fi'om springs upon land owned by Mr. Murray, half-a-mile 
 from the house, which is pumped by a steam-engine into a tank 
 at the top of the hotel. The house is eighty feet front, with a 
 wing eighty feet deep, to be enlarged by the addition of another 
 wing during the coming Avinter. There are fifty rooms in the 
 house at present, but its capacity Avill then be doubled. The hotel 
 is elegantly furnished, is lighted with gas, and has water through- 
 out. From its broad piazzas the view in every direction is superb. 
 The terms of the hotel are from 115 to $20 a week. The depot 
 spoken of is an elaborate Avorkof art, designed by Mr. J. Cleveland 
 Cady, and built of freestone, Avitli trimmings of a lighter tint, all 
 of which was ({uarried on the Palisade slope in the immediate 
 vicinity. The windows are of stained glass, and the reception 
 rooms are fitted up in panels and ornamental work. The building 
 is surmounted by a tower. The stone of which the depot is con- 
 structed was donated for the purpose. The work cost $6,000. 
 Demarest is central to the lovely drives that mark the region 
 traversed by the Northern Koad. A beautiful artificial lake has 
 been made by The Demarest Land Improvement Company, of 
 which Mr. Kennedy is President, in front of the depot, it being 
 filled by the cool spring water of the Tenakill, which floAVS through 
 the place under a substantial stone bridge. There is a neat Bap- 
 tist Chapel near by, of Avhich the Eev. J. H. Andrews is pastor. 
 Demarest is the natural outlet on the west to quite a section of 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 25 
 
 the Palisade Heights, and will soon be brought into direct and 
 easy connection with the stone bonlevard and public park on the 
 cliffs, now in progress under the auspices of the Palisade Land 
 Company. The landowners, the principal of whom are the 
 Demarests, the Palisade Company, and Mr. Kennedy, intend to 
 make this place, to which nature has been so kind, one of the 
 most inviting for residences in the suburbs of New York. 
 
 CLOSTER. 
 
 When the Northern Road was building, John H. Stephens, an 
 enterprising New Yorker, went over the route on a prospecting 
 tour, for the purpose of selecting a place to settle, his prophetic 
 vision telling him that the road was destined to bring about a vast 
 change for the better along the whole valley to the west of the 
 Palisades. He chose a spot a mile above what is now Demarest, 
 and bought a tract of land. There were no houses anywhere 
 around — the site being but little better than a solitary swamp. 
 Mr. Stephens was right in his belief about the railroad. He was 
 made its agent after its completion, the spot chosen by him having 
 been named Closter, which was the designation of the entire sec- 
 tion of the country from old Liberty Pole to Tappan, previous to 
 the building of the road. Mr. Stephens, from selling tickets from 
 his hut, which was the commencement of the station at Closter, 
 now has charge of one of the neatest depots on the line, situated 
 in a thriving town of 3,000 inhabitants. The surroundings of 
 Closter are fine. There are several stores, and the place has more 
 of a look of business than any station thus far on the road, except 
 Englewood. The extensive manufactory of folding chairs, owned 
 by Collignon & Brothers, is located here. There are Reformed, 
 Methodist, and Episcopal Churches, and good public and private 
 schools. 
 
 Among the latter is one for boys and girls, under the charge 
 
26 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 of Miss Belle E. Hammond, who is assisted by an able corps 
 of teacliers. Tiie school accommodates llfty scholars, and the 
 average attendance is forty. It is divided into three departments, 
 Primary, Intermediate, and Academic, and Miss Hammond may 
 well feel proud of its success, as it has just closed its ienth year 
 after a very gratifying examination. AVe refer with pleasure to 
 a card of the school to be found at the end of the book. 
 
 A large number of New York Ijusiness men reside here per- 
 manently. 
 
 NORWOOD, 
 
 next beyond Closter, is an open and cheerful-looking village, 
 its residences being scattered about among the hills with charm- 
 ing irregularity and eflfect. On one of the highest eminences is 
 the Norwood House, a handsome and commodious summer hotel, 
 kept by Mrs. M. E. Wixon. It will accommodate 150 people, and 
 its surroundings are inviting to those in search of quiet and pleas- 
 ant quarters for the summer. The buildings and grounds of 
 Norwood plainly show that their possessors are families of taste 
 and culture. Churches and schools, and a number of business 
 places, complete the village. The next station on the road is 
 
 NEUVY, 
 
 an unimportant point, settled by a number of French and Italians. 
 There is a feather factory here, but no business or positive attrac- 
 tions are noticeable. Leaving Neuvy, the road enters a neighbor- 
 hood in which a number of incidents renowned in history took 
 place, and whose entire precincts are sacred to the memory of 
 many of the stirring scenes of the dark days of the Revolution. 
 The road here leaves New Jersey, and crosses into Eockland 
 County, New York. The first station is 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 27 
 
 TAPPAN. 
 
 This place, ileal' the northern termination of the Palisade ridge, 
 will ever be handed down in history, as the spot where the nn- 
 fortnnate Major Andre was imprisoned, convicted as a spy, and 
 executed. Leaving the station, a walk of a quarter of a mile 
 along an ancient road brings the visitor to the quaint old village 
 of Tappantown. On the left of the road, before it crosses the 
 •little stream that meanders along the eastern portion of the village, 
 stands a house, the records of which show it to have been erected 
 in 1700, by some old Dutch settlers. This time-battered relic 
 was the head-quarters of General Washington in 1780, at which 
 were perfected the plans of the subsequent campaigns which led 
 to the final triumph of the American army. This building has 
 had a frame addition built to it in front, to make it conform in a 
 measure to modern ideas, and is now the property of Wm. Eogers, 
 of New York. The road crosses the stream by a wooden bridge, 
 and an immense elm tree, old a century ago, stands directly in 
 the center of it. Tappantown seems to still belong to Revolution- 
 ary times, so venerable and old-fashioned are its buildings and 
 surroundings. A short distance from the old Washington head- 
 quarters, on the road leading to the right after passing the bridge, 
 is the " Old '76 House," the exterior of which is just the same as 
 it was nearly a hundred years ago, when the famous court-martial 
 of Major Andre was convened in its parlor. This house is built 
 of dressed sandstone, but the date of its construction is not known. 
 In 1780 it was occupied as a hotel by Gasper Mabie, but it had 
 been a mansion of some note previous to that. It was built not 
 later than 1750. It is a story-and-a-half building, with a wooden 
 porch in front, which is the only portion of it in the least dilapi- 
 dated. The trimmings about the doors and windows are of pressed 
 brick, which must have been brought from Holland. When Andre 
 was captured, with the tell-tale papers upon his person, he was 
 
38 SmmEk tN TH1<1 PALISADES. 
 
 taken to tliis building and confined in the nortli-west room. It 
 was in that room he made the celebrated pen-and-ink sketch of 
 himself. This apartment, some years ago, was destroyed as an in- 
 dividual part of the house by tearing down the partition which 
 divided it from others, in order to make a ball-room, the house 
 being then used as a hotel. The parlor in which the trial was held 
 is still in its original form, as is the rest of the building, with one or 
 two exceptions. The stone of which this quaint old building is con- 
 structed was undoubtedly brought from the slope of the Palisades, 
 and the Avorkmanship is that of a master hand. Major Andre 
 was taken from this house on the 2d of October, 1780, and marched 
 about half a mile west of the village, where he \yas hanged, and 
 was buried beneath his gallows. In 1831 his remains were taken 
 up and removed to England. The "Old '76 House" is now the 
 property of Dr. J. J. Stephens, of Tappan, and is unoccupied* 
 Another of the ancient and historic landmarks of Tappan, is the 
 little red church that stands a few steps above the house just 
 mentioned. This structure was originally erected in 1716, was 
 rebuilt in 1788, and again in 1835. According to old citizens of 
 Tappan, the court-martial before which Andre was tried, and 
 which was composed of Gen. Greene, Gen. Lafayette, and Baron 
 Steuben, was adjourned from the old house to this church, as the 
 former was inadequate for the purpose. The antiquarian Avill 
 find in and about Tappan abundant ground for interesting re- 
 search, and the place, besides, offers manifold other inducements 
 to the summer tourist. 
 
 SPARKILL, 
 
 formerly Upper Piermont, is the northern terminus of the Pali- 
 sade ridge, aiul is built high on the overlooking hills, and nestles 
 in the charming valley which extends from the Hudson westward. 
 Sparkill is the junction of the Piermont Branch of the Northern 
 
StJMMER W THE PALISADES. 29 
 
 lload, Avhioh traverses a beautiful section, and joins the Erie at 
 Sufferns. From the lofty hill north of the village a niiignificent 
 panorama is spread out beneath, extending to and embracing in 
 its view the distant waters of Long Island Sound, where, on a 
 clear day, the sails of vessels may be discerned. There are a 
 number of handsome residences in Sparkill, and it has the same 
 neat and attractive appearance characterizing all of the stations 
 on the Northern Koad, and is also a stirring little place in a 
 business point of view. There are fine drives and pleasant resorts 
 around the place. An Episcopal Church supplies the spiritual 
 demands of the village, the pulpit being filled by the Rev. S. D. 
 Hitchcock. 
 
 From Sparkill the railroad begins to climb the ascending 
 ground between that place and Nyack, and overcomes a grade of 
 sixty feet to the mile. Around the base of this elevation runs 
 the track of what was the main line of the Erie Railway, when 
 its eastern terminus was at 
 
 PIERMONT, 
 
 the first stopping-place we meet on the Northern Road directly 
 on the banks of the Hudson. Piermont is less than a mile from 
 Sparkill, and the two places are, in fact, the same. Piermont 
 derived its name fi-om the long pier erected here by the Erie 
 Railway Company. This notable wharf extends a mile into the 
 river, and is filled witii tracks and sidings. The large tract of 
 land around the head of the pier, covering many acres, and 
 now beautiful with " green things growing," is all made land. 
 Piermont was formerly a place of considerable importance. The 
 extensive machine, car, and repair shops of the Erie Railway 
 were formerly located here, erected on ground made in the 
 river, as' above noted. But when light was let through Bergen 
 Hill by the great tunnel, and the Erie ran direct to Jersey City, 
 
30 SUMMER TN THE PALISADES. 
 
 the glory began to depart from Piermont; and when, a short 
 time ago, the great shops were destroyed by fire, the final blow 
 was given the place as a business point, and it now remains a 
 quiet, delightful old place, with unsurpassed advantages as a sub- 
 urban home and mountain retreat. Mr. McKelvin's Summer 
 Hotel, overlooking the Hudson, is a favorite resort, and lias 
 accommodations for irom fifty to seventy-five guests. On one 
 of the rugged eminences that surround Piermont is ''the 
 Castle," once the residence of the late Eleazer Lord, the first 
 President of the Erie Railway. The residence is now occupied 
 by his grandson. The goi'ge through which the Sparkill 
 Creek passes at Piermont is a romantic spot, and is the only nat- 
 ural approach to the Hudson from the west between Weehawken 
 and Nyack. It was up this valley that the first Dutch settlers 
 souo-jit the fine inland country stretching west from the Palisades. 
 A settlement was made along the defile in 1640, by a sturdy Dutch- 
 man named DeVrees, and the secdon of country around about 
 Piermont was known as Devreesville for many years. There are 
 a number of stores and business places at Piermont, but the place 
 now looks more to its attractive surroundings for prosperity than 
 it does to trade and commerce. 
 
 From Piermont on, the Northern Eoad follows the bluff at the 
 base of the Nyack Hills, and has an average elevation of over one 
 hundred feet above the Hudson, between which and the road is a 
 succession of terraces, and a narrow stretch of beach. Two miles 
 beyond Piermont is 
 
 GRAND VIEW, 
 
 a collection of elegant residences, erected on the terraces, and 
 surrounded by charming grounds. The summit of the grade 
 from Sparkill is reached here, the station at Grand View being 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 31 
 
 about two liundred and fifty feet above the river. The houses 
 that occupy the hillside below, built one above another, present a 
 peculiarly enchauting picture, which is kept constantly before 
 the eye the rest of the way to Nyack, between which and Grand 
 View is the station of 
 
 MANSFIELD AVENUE, 
 
 on the outskirts of Nyack. This station was originally made to 
 accommodate the students and visitors of the Rockland Female 
 Institute, the line building of which stands on an elevated por- 
 tion of the river bank, in the center of artistically-arranged 
 grounds. This Institute was one of the prominent educational 
 establishments in the country, under its founder and principal, 
 the Rev. L. D. Mansfield, who is now in Chicago. So rapidly 
 have residences occupied the beautiful sites in the neighborhood 
 of Mansfield Avenue that the station is, nevertheless, a great 
 necessity, the more so as the Institute is now a summer hotel, 
 known as the Tappan-Zee House, and is annually filled with 
 guests. 
 
 It is kept this season by Mr. 0. De la Vergne, a very accom- 
 plished gentleman, who was formerly Professor of French and the 
 Natural Sciences, under the Rev. L. D. Mansfield. The house is 
 well known for attention to guests and the excellence of its 
 cuisine. It is but a step from the Avenue to the village proper of 
 
 NYACK, 
 
 well and justly called the " Gem of the Hudson." Westward, 
 the Nyack Hills rise high above the expanse of champaign 
 country that extends in gradual slope from the base of the hills to 
 the shores of the Tappan-Zee, that great Avidening of the river be- 
 
32 SUMMER IN THE PAL8IADE8. 
 
 tween the receding mouiitiuns, wliicli sweep in graceful curve 
 away from the stream at Piermont, and seek it again in tlie same 
 manner above Nyack. Tlie river hei'C is tliree miles wide, but 
 the villages, hills, fields, and forests on the opposite side are so 
 distinctly seen, even in their minutest detail, that it is with dif- 
 ficulty the stranger is brought to believe they are so far aw'ay. 
 N3^ack and its surroundings arc beyond the power of the common 
 pen to adequately describe. The lovely spot on which it is built 
 was a favorite camping-place of the early tribes of Indians, cen- 
 turies before the white man set his foot among its hills. 
 Hendrick Hudson, when he made his voyage of discovery up the 
 stream which bears his name, was attracted by the surpassing love- 
 liness of the situation, and landed his vessel there. It is no wonder 
 then, that, in later years, the spot was taken captive for the site of 
 a town, and that it has grown to be the chosen home of the repre- 
 sentatives of great wealth, of the prominent in art and literature, 
 and of the refined and cultivated in every walk in life. The 
 population of Nyack is about 3,000, but is ^doubled during the 
 summer season by the great influx of people wlio leave tlie din 
 and heat of the city, to enjoy a few months' delightful sojourn 
 among the breezy hills, the sylvan groves, and pleasant valleys 
 that give to this resort its varied and inexhaustible charms. 
 From the JS[yack Hills, which rise gradually from the sloping 
 plain on Avhich the greater jiart of the village is built, a view said 
 to be the grandest on the Hudson is obtained, extending far in 
 every direction. At the foot of the hills, and creeping, of late, u^) 
 towards their summits, lies the lovely village itself, with its ele- 
 gant residences and grounds, its smooth avenues and drives 
 winding in and out among luxurious growths of shade-trees, its 
 glistening church-spires pointing to the sky, the very peace and 
 calm of which seem to rest like a benison on the favored spot. 
 Northward, the bluflF, precipitous front of Verdrieteje's Hook 
 looks down on the village, rearing its shaggy head six hundred 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 35 
 
 feet above it, and marking the npper boundary of the Tappan-Zee. 
 Southward, a dark line extends out into the river, and from it 
 silvery clouds of steam rise now and then. This is the long pier 
 at Piermont, four miles away, beyond which rises the northern 
 terminal wall of the Palisades — the southern boundary of the 
 Tappan-Zee. The hills on the eastern shore of the river lift their 
 summits proudly in the blue distance, and as far as the eye can 
 see, up and down the stream, village after village nestle at their 
 feet, and straggle up their wooded slopes. Westward, an expanse 
 of the most varied and richest landscape scenery meets the eye. 
 The bold Ramapo Hills and the undulating farm-gemmed valley 
 between ; the mountain ranges of northern New Jersey, and the 
 historic region over which they stand guard ; the Hackensack 
 valley, and the far-off glimmer of the Passaic river — all mingle 
 together in this grand view from the Nyack Hills, seen through 
 an atmosphere the rarest and purest, while over it all hovers that 
 indescribable sense of peace andJorgetfulness which characterizes 
 this enchanting region. 
 
 With all this natural loveliness, Nyack still has its business 
 side, and the walks of industry and trade are not choked with 
 weeds. The place has numerons manufactories of various kinds, 
 and its bnsiness streets are lined with handsome and prosperous 
 stores. There are three large shoe manufactories, furnishing em- 
 ployment to about 300 hands, and run by Ketchall & Purdy, E. 
 Burr, and G. R. Cook. The extensive cedar pail factory of the 
 Hudson River Manufacturing Company is also an institution of 
 the place, while Smith's boat-yard, and the carriage factories of 
 E. L. Wright & Son, A. E. & J. E. Chrystie, and A. Taylor & Son, 
 have more than a local reputation. The building of yachts is ex- 
 tensively carried on, and all of the celebrated craft of that kind 
 come to the Nyack dry-docks for repairs, and many of them were 
 built here — among them the Gracia, the Vision, Madeline, Ada V-? 
 Tidal Wave, Ariadne, etc. 
 
36 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 The " summer-boarder business," as it is called, adds largely to 
 the prosperity of the place, and most excellent accommodations 
 are provided for- the thousands of guests who summer here. Be- 
 sides the hundreds of cottages that are rented for the season, there 
 are numerous choice private boardingplaces,and some of the finest 
 hotels along the Hudson. The Palmer House standing on a bold 
 elevation, six hundred feet above the Hudson, commands a mag- 
 nificent view up and down that noble river, and of the pleasant 
 village at the foot of the hill; the situation is entirely healthful, 
 and free from every species of annoyance. The rooms are large 
 and airy, and elegantly furnished. The dining room and public 
 parlors are spacious and attractive, and a wide piazza runs entirely 
 round the building. Mrs. E. Palmer, the proprietor, is a lady 
 well calculated to make her guests feel at home while with her, 
 and a reference to her Advertisement at the end of the book will 
 convince any one of the moderate rates for board. Smith's 
 Pavilion and Mrs. Adams' Clarendon are f\ivorite resorts, and 
 the Ross Mansion, occupying a lovely site, is also given up to 
 visitors d uring the summer season. There are other village hotels, 
 open the year round, affording first-class accommodation to the 
 traveling public. 
 
 The drives about Nyack are among its chief attractions, trav- 
 ersing as they do the most romantic and beautiful localities, and 
 overlooking the " noble river" for miles. The drive to Rockland 
 Lake, a charming sheet of water four miles to the north, and three 
 hundred feet above the village, is a great favorite with tourists. 
 This lake is a mile long by three-quarters of a mile wide, and is 
 setin among the hills like a gem. It afibrds fine pickerel and 
 bass fishing. There are boulevards extending in every direction 
 from Nyack, and if one is not so fortunate as to possess his own 
 establishment, there are first-class livery stables in the place, where 
 he can be fitted out with one, to enjoy an hour's or day's drive to 
 the many points of interest. 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 39 
 
 There are eight churches in Nyack, and a number of excellent 
 schools. The churches embrace two Methodist (one colored), a 
 Baptist, Presbyterian, Universalist, Eeformed, Episcopal, and 
 Catholic. The pastors are : Methodist, Eev. J. Daniels; Baptist, 
 Eev. J, N. Thompson; Presbyterian, Eev. A. McElroy Wiley; 
 Universalist, Eev. Mr. Seitz; Eeformed, Eev. H. Voorhies ; Epis- 
 copal, Eev. F. N. Babbitt; Catholic, Eev. Father John Quinn. 
 
 Since the extension of the Northern Eoad to Nyack, the place 
 has filled rapidly with elegant residences, and numbers some of 
 the leading families of the State among its citizens, and there is 
 yet plenty of room for others seeking a dwelling-place where 
 quiet, beauty of location, and healthfulness are combined with 
 close proximity to the metropolis, and abundant facilities for 
 reaching it at any hour in the day. 
 
 PIERMONT BRANCH. 
 
 Extending westward from Sparkill, and threading a lovely val- 
 ley, to the right of which, in the distance, rise the rugged Haver- 
 straw Mountains, and to the left extends a diversified stretch of 
 meadow, forest, and hill, is the Piermont branch, formerly the 
 eastern extremity of the main line of the Erie. The first station 
 on the branch is 
 
 ORANGEBTJRGH, 
 
 an ancient settlement, and once of some considerable importance, 
 but now merely a wayside station. Before Eockland County was 
 set off from Orange, this was the county-seat of the latter. The 
 surroundings of the place are grand, and there are a number of 
 old stone buildings, reminders of ante-Eevolutionary days. 
 
 BLAUVELTVIIiLE 
 
 is another old village, twenty-seven and a half miles from New 
 
40 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 York. The greenhouses tind grounds of the extensive Rockland 
 County Nursery are here, and gardening and fruit-growing are 
 carried on to some extent. There are two churches at Blauvelt- 
 ville — a Presbyterian and German Catholic. The i)astor of the 
 latter, Rev. Emile Stinzel, publishes a monthly magazine in the 
 place. The country is open about Blauveltville, and the Pali- 
 sades may be seen as far as Hoboken. The view to the west and 
 north is also one of surpassing beauty. 
 
 Three miles further on, the road enters what was formerly the 
 heart of an extensive dairying section, of which 
 
 NANUET 
 
 was the center. That branch of trade has for some reason 
 shrunk to insignificant proportions, and fruit-raising and market- 
 gardening have taken its place to a great extent. Nanuet is a 
 delightfully situated village of some five hundred inhabitants. 
 New City, the county-seut of Rockland, is four miles distant, and 
 Nyack is but half an hour's drive. From Nanuet the bold peak 
 known as "The High Thorn," in the Haverstraw range, is prom- 
 inently visible, though miles distant ; and from the eminenceabove 
 the village, Rockland Lake, the Highlands, and Verdrietege's Hook 
 are brought before the eye. In 1840, Thom, the celebrated 
 Scotch sculptor, built a unique cottage in a lovely spot at Nanuet. 
 This was probably one of the finest works of art in the way of 
 ornamental architecture ever seen in this country. The statue of 
 Gen. Washingtou, which now stands in Union Square, New 
 York City, was one of the attractions of the grounds around the 
 cottage, it being one of the works wliich made Mr. Thom famous. 
 The cottage was destroyed by lire about twenty years ago. The 
 property fell into the hands of the Dyke brothers — well-known in 
 New York business circles — who now occuiw pretty cottages 
 erected near the site of the late sculptor's home. Mr. R. Lexow, 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 41 
 
 the publisher of the JVeiu Yorker BeUetristisches Zeitung, has 
 also a magnificent residence and artistically-laid-out grounds at 
 Nanuet. There is considerable business done at Nanuet, there 
 being several thriving stores and other places of trade. Tlie 
 extensive greenhouses of the well-known New York florists, 
 Huyler & Co., are located at this place. There are good schools, 
 both public and private, and several churches. The junction of 
 the Nanuet and New City Eailroad is at Nanuet. There are fine 
 building sites about the village, to be had at reasonable prices. 
 
 SPRING VALLEY. 
 
 'J'his thriving and pleasant village has about 1,200 inhabitants, 
 and is the center of a splendid farming country. The pleasant sur- 
 roundings, high location, and ease of access have made the place 
 deservedly popular as a summer resort, and there are two fine sum- 
 mer hotels — the Pair View and Glen Farm — besides a number of 
 private boarding houses and well-conducted inns. There are sev- 
 eral mountain lakes and streams around the village, and a coun- 
 try of varied profile. From the porches of the Fair View House, 
 which stands upon high ground a mile from the station, the east- 
 ern shore of the Hudson can be seen, and the village of Sing Sing 
 Avith its white prison walls. South of the place is the beautiful 
 farm of Charlotte Thompson, the actress, and on all sides are the 
 handsome residences of prominent New York business men. 
 Prominent among the industries of the place is the car-head lining 
 factory of George W. GriQJn. Here it is that much of the artistic 
 decorative work of car interiors is done. Spring Valley boasts a 
 Driving Association, owning a fine half-mile track, near the Fair 
 View Hoiise, where are also the grounds of tlie Eockland County 
 Agricultural Society. Good schools, both public and private, 
 five churches, together with all the necessary adjuncts of a Avell- 
 conducted and prosperous village, supply the educational, spirit- 
 
42 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 ual, and other needs of the place. Connections with all parts of 
 the country can be had from Spring Valley. The New York and 
 New Jersey Railroad branches off here, and there are excellent 
 roads leading in every direction. Spring Valley is thirty-three 
 and a quarter miles from New York, Avith numerous trains to and 
 from the city daily. 
 
THE FOLLOWING EEPOET 
 
 AS TO THE DESIRABILITY OP 
 
 Thk Palisades as a Place of Residence 
 
 Was written by L. W. Leeds, in the year 1868. 
 
 Repeated visits to the Palisades have made a favorable impres- 
 sion on my mind, as to the value of that section of country for 
 residences for the business men of New York. The first query 
 that presents itself to our minds is, why, if so desirable, has it not 
 been taken up before ? We naturally suppose there must be some 
 great objection to it, or it would have been occupied long ago. 
 The answer is very clear, because it loas entirely out of the loay. 
 
 We all know how towns grow up, accidentally as it were, near 
 springs of water which happen to be the camping grounds of the 
 original pioneers — and how footpaths become wagon roads, and 
 wagon roads become turnpikes and are thickly settled upon- -and 
 railroads are built from town to town, and thus step by step be- 
 come great highways, but which are often exceedingly inconven- 
 ient to the great through-travel from distant points for which they 
 are afterwards used, and thus the distribution of the citizens of 
 New York has naturally followed these great lines of travel to 
 different distant points ; and as these Palisades are entirely out of 
 the line of any such travel, and can only be reached by a special 
 visit to them, possessing in themselves no business attraction, the 
 consequence has been, that probably not one in a thousand, if one 
 in ten thousand, of the intelligent citizens of New York has 
 any idea of the peculiar characteristics of the beautiful plateau 
 thereon. 
 
44 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 The rapid growth of the city of New York, and the narrow 
 strip of land upon which it is situated necessitating, as it does, the 
 spread of the city all in one direction, have caused an immense 
 damming up, so to speak, or very uncomfortable packing of its 
 citizens. The proper distribution or outlet for the vast surplus 
 and rapidly-increasing population of the great national emporium 
 of this continent is one of much magnitude. 
 
 The problem seems to present itself to my mind somewhat 
 thus : 
 
 Taking the City Hall as a center, which I believe it soon will 
 be, and continue for years to come, near the center of the popula- 
 tion that will be most likely to go to the country to live — in what 
 direction can they go most comfortably, in the shortest time, to 
 cheap, healthy, comfortable homes? 
 
 Of course, the first thought would be towards the upper part of 
 the city, but in this direction it is already closely packed for some 
 three or four miles. The immense numbers coming down to busi- 
 ness every morning and going up in the evening, crowd uncom- 
 fortably every avenue at present available for travel, so that on 
 any extra occasion, such as a stormy evening, when it is uncom- 
 fortable walking, the difficulty of obtaining an opportunity to ride 
 in any manner is very great ; and then the suftbcation and annoy- 
 ance experienced by the promiscuous crowding is sufficient to 
 sicken and thoroughly dishearten any well-educated and sensitive 
 person. I believe some better means of travel will be imperatively 
 demanded, such as an elevated railroad, or a sunken one ; but it 
 is hardly probable that such improvements will much exceed the 
 most urgent demands, so that it is hardly safe to hope that the en- 
 tire length of the city can ever be traveled with that comfort, and 
 real luxury and ease that can readily be secured in the oj^en coun- 
 try or on the rivers. 
 
 Again, the entire amount of ground on the island is so limited 
 in quantity, that its use for business purposes will be so great as 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 45 
 
 to secure a price for it that would at once entirely preclude the 
 possibility of securing cheap homes for any large number of fami- 
 lies, with sufficient space around them to satisfy the demands of a 
 healthy circulation of air, and to gratify that which is very com- 
 mendable — a refined taste. 
 
 As Brooklyn lies next, that has already received a very large 
 portion of the ciiizens that have been forced out of the main city ; 
 but here also the increase has been so rapid, and the extent of 
 territory covered has been so great, that until some radical 
 improvement is eifected in the means of conveyance, it would 
 be impossible to reach in comfort any large extent of unoccupied 
 land which could be purchased cheaply, and upon which desirable 
 homes could be made. It requires about one hour from the City 
 Hall to get to any point of unoccupied land in Brooklyn. 
 
 Staten Island has some points rendering it a charming place for 
 the residence of the care-worn citizen ; the sail down the bay, 
 against the usual sea-breeze coming in every afternoon, is refresh- 
 ing indeed, yet there are some serious drawbacks to its becoming 
 a universal residence for all classes of citizens : the communica- 
 tion being by boat only, is more influenced by the weather, and 
 the difficulty of spending the evening in the city and reaching 
 home the same night, would render it objectionable to many per- 
 sons for a permanent home. 
 
 The distance necessary to secure the proper lands for extended 
 improvements is so great, that it seems absolutely necessary that 
 we should take the steam cars, where each passenger is quite sure 
 of having a comfortable stat, with opportunities for reading unmo- 
 lested and in comfort. This nearest point at which the steam cars 
 can be reached is Hoboken or Jersey City. In this direction they 
 can be reached in about fifteen or twenty minutes from all the 
 lower part of the town. This manifest convenience has induced 
 large numbers to seek the neighboring towns of New Jersey for 
 residences ; but as all the present railroads cross or follow the 
 
46 SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 
 
 marshes to keep on low, level grountl, the consequences are, that 
 the towns are nearly all situated in, or surrounded by, immense 
 marshes, causing much ill-health and annoyance from mos- 
 quitoes. 
 
 After having thus carefully surveyed the surrounding country, 
 if we visit the Palisades we find an elevated plateau, varying from 
 300 to 550 feet above the river, and from one to two miles wide, 
 and twenty-five or thirty miles long, running parallel to the City 
 of New York. Nearly all this laud is now covered with a dense, 
 unbroken forest. It can no doubt be bought in large tracts at 
 very cheap rates, so that the improvements of whole neighbor- 
 hoods can be controlled. Its high, precipitous bluff is the best 
 security against two of the most momentous evils that are the great 
 scourge of so much of the land in the neighborhood of the city. 
 One is the offensive manufactories that are likely to be carried on 
 along the river banks ; and the other is the miasmatic diseases so 
 prevalent near the low, marshy lands of most bodies of water sur- 
 rounding New York ; from both of these this land is thus most 
 effectually secured. 
 
 The views also from both sides are magnificent. Standing upon 
 these grand blufi"s, you see gliding along at your feet the waters 
 of the beautiful Hudson, often whitened all over with hundreds of 
 sails bending under the pressure of the fresh sea-breeze ; and just 
 across on the opposite side, lying like a beautiful green mat at your 
 feet, are the highly-cultivated country-seats of the wealthy citizens 
 of Manhattan Island; and ever and anon is the swiftly-gliding 
 train of the Hudson River Road, seen winding along the water's 
 edge. 
 
 Just over the island, in plain view, is the broad and beautiful 
 Long Island Sound, with its fleet of sailing vessels and magnificent 
 steamers, its richly-fringed shores and linings of elegant country 
 seats; and as your eye turns southward, there lies in plain view 
 the city of New York, thus seen to great advantage, with its 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 47 
 
 beautiful Central Paik, its grand spires and domes, and piles of 
 marble and brown-stoiie palaces — lined all around with its forests 
 of masts and steam-pipes, indicating the great extent of its com- 
 merce with all climes and all nations of the earth. Viewed at this 
 distance, just too far to hear the incessant tingle of car-bells and 
 rattle of omnibuses, and to inhale the smell of unci eaned streets, 
 and see the wan and sallow denizens of her crowded tenement- 
 houses, she looks perfectly lovely ; and still beyond is that most 
 beautiful of waters, New York Bay — and nestling on its vei'y 
 bosom are the lovely shores of Staten Island, and perhaps on a 
 clear day you can just see in the far distance that proud old sen- 
 tinel of this grand harbor, whose noble form stands by the sea- 
 side, keeping an ever-vigilant watch. The world furnishes few 
 more charming, more beautiful and really interesting views than 
 those seen from all parts of this bluif. 
 
 The terracing of the western slope also seems admirably adapt- 
 ed for building-sites. And as you look over the richly-cultivated 
 lands lying between the Palisades and Orange Mountains, and 
 see range after range of mountains rising in the distance, this, 
 too, is so peaceful and so different from the view on the other 
 side, that you are apt to think whichever one you see last, the 
 most beautiful. 
 
 There can scarcely be a doubt but that this situation would be 
 one of the most healthful in the world. So finely elevated, so free 
 from all contaminating influences, so freely swept by the sea- 
 breezes ; yet it is quite likely that even here certain local causes 
 might be created that would be quite detrimental to health ; for 
 instance, upon the cutting down of the heavy timber or upon the 
 overturning and exposure of any large bodies of new ground to 
 the fermenting influences of the sun and air. These should be 
 guarded against in the first settling of the land ; also thorough 
 drainage, which could be easily secured, should not be neglected. 
 
 To a citizen, the present ^vild, uncultivated appearance of the 
 
48 SUMMER IN TUB PALISADES. 
 
 land is very uninviting. It is not to be supposed, that two or 
 three families who must visit the city frequently, would do well 
 to isolate themselves from all society upon this spot, because, no 
 matter how lovely the view, if purchased at the expense of the 
 many necessary conveniences and comforts of every-day life, it 
 would soon become very irksome, if not actually repulsive. The 
 settlement of the place should be by an association of sufficient 
 size at once to command many of the refinements and comforts of 
 thickly-seltled communities. To make the undertaking command 
 success, but little should be said or done in the matter until suffi- 
 ciently large tracts were secured by intelligent, enterprising men 
 who would make the necessary roads and ferries, to secure con- 
 venient and frequent access, which could be very easily done. 
 
 The temptation to get wealthy men interested, who would build 
 fine houses and make a great show, would of course be very great, 
 but this is not all that is wanted. It is not only homes for the 
 wealthy that are so urgently needed for the good of New York 
 City, but it is homes for her honest, industrious poor. I don't 
 mean very poor (though they need better homes badly enough), 
 but I mean the salaried clerk, the teacher, and most professional 
 men, who, under the present extravagant rates of rent and living, 
 cannot affijrd to have a home of their own. 
 
 It is very gratifying to the pride, and delightful to look at, to 
 see an elegant house, with spacious ground about it, handsomely 
 kept ; but what is the real influence of such an establishment in an 
 ordinary neighborhood ? is it not to create a spirit of emulation, 
 causing others to struggle hard for similar distinction, making 
 many unnecessary sacrifices to accomplish this end? Has not this 
 great struggle for show in New York entirely prevented many 
 worthy young men and young w'omen from assuming that just and 
 natural relationship which is the true foundation of all good and 
 healthy society ? and will not this great want of cheap, comfort- 
 able, and happy homes form one of the most dangerous rocks 
 
SUMMER IN THE PALISADES. 49 
 
 against which the happiness of many citizens of New York will 
 be dashed to pieces and utterly ruined ? 
 
 What I most heartily desire to see is, an association of intelli- 
 gent, good, sensible families, selecting a convenient, healthy loca- 
 tion near the city, upon which they may make neat, chaste, ele- 
 gant, but simple and unostentatious homes for themselves, and for 
 examples for the many thousands of overcrowded, fretted and 
 unhappy families now vainly struggling to keep up a respectable ap- 
 pearance amongst all the show and fashions of this great and rap- 
 idly-growing metropolis. 
 
 And I am very well persuaded, in my own mind, no place in 
 the neighborhood of New York offers so many real, substantial, 
 and permanent advantages for the realizing of such a plan on an 
 enlarged and grand scale as this highland of the Palisades. 
 
TIME TABLE OF THE 
 NORTHERN RAILROAD OF NEW JERSEY. 
 
 3D 
 < 
 
 S|J.'"d"P 
 r 1 mi*!"j 
 
 PM 
 
 6.00 
 6.30 
 6.40 
 6.50 
 7.05 
 7.20 
 7.26 
 7.40 
 P.M 
 
 PM 
 
 7.60 
 7.68 
 7.68 
 8.03 
 8.16 
 8.21 
 8.27 
 8.39 
 8.43 
 9.00 
 9 04 
 9.10 
 9.26 
 9.30 
 9.36 
 9.40 
 9.60 
 9.62 
 10.10 
 10.26 
 PM 
 
 < 
 
 1 
 en 
 
 Z 
 < 
 
 O 
 U 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 1 »Train 154 will mn daily. Other Trains daily except Sundays. 
 Trains 130, 138, and 146 stop at County Cross Road. 
 ADDITIONAL TRAINS leave Nyack for Sparkill .at 10..30 A.M. and 
 4.45 P.M., stopping at all stations, arrive at Sparkill at 10.60 A.M. and 
 6.00 P.M. 
 
 s a - 
 2 b; g- 
 
 ~. S .'E 
 
 "2 •« " 
 i § ■= 
 
 S g 1 
 
 • £ n 
 B! C < 
 
 J " Z « 
 ■s < J. 
 
 
 fM 
 
 6.10 
 6.13 
 6.16 
 6.26 
 6.30 
 6.32 
 6.33 
 635 
 6.40 
 6.43 
 3.46 
 5.49 
 
 6 51 
 664 
 6.56 
 
 7 06 
 7.10 
 7.12 
 7.15 
 7.18 
 7.20 
 7.22 
 7.3h 
 7.56 
 PM 
 
 "1 ^'Jtt 
 
 . . . . . . . . *^oocs — — ■-;-^o*5^c*wcocc«T^'^ioo«ou30o^c*«5 
 
 04•-o*o^c*«c^oIe*P^!Xc^c«c^c^e^c^c^c^c»eococo^^coco'co"ccco^5cocoeoM-1■&■ 
 
 2| js»AV 
 
 AM 
 
 11. .30 
 11.32 
 11.35 
 11.40 
 11.45 
 11.49 
 11.61 
 11.54 
 11.59 
 12 02 
 12.06 
 12.11 
 12.13 
 12.17 
 12.19 
 12.22 
 12.29 
 12.31 
 12.35 
 12.37 
 12.39 
 12.41 
 12.65 
 l.IO 
 PM 
 
 o 1 -J.s«d 
 21 -^'AV 
 
 AM 
 8.45 
 8.67 
 9.10 
 9.16 
 9.26 
 9.33 
 9.37 
 9.45 
 AM 
 AM 
 9.4 
 9.42 
 9.45 
 9.50 
 9.56 
 9.67 
 9.59 
 10.01 
 10.05 
 10.07 
 10.10 
 10.13 
 10.15 
 10.17 
 10.19 
 10.22 
 10.29 
 10.31 
 10.34 
 10.36 
 10.38 
 10.40 
 10.55 
 11.10 
 AM 
 
 S .„Bj, 
 
 S 1 -»3 -»3 
 - IPBBWOOU 
 
 .... 
 
 AM 
 
 8.01 
 8.08 
 8.11 
 8.15 
 8.20 
 8.23 
 8.26 
 8.28 
 8 32 
 8.35 
 8 33 
 8.41 
 8.44 
 8.4S 
 8.50 
 8 63 
 8.69 
 9.01 
 9.04 
 9.07 
 9.10 
 
 9.'26 
 
 9.40 
 AM 
 
 30ct-e*(»XMr-«a(^OOiiooff> CO ac, o — 
 
 " 1 »^"^N 
 
 aW 
 
 7.15 
 7.17 
 7.19 
 7.22 
 7.30 
 
 7 35 
 7.39 
 7.42 
 7.44 
 7.4s 
 7.50 
 7.63 
 
 s'.oi 
 
 8'.25 
 8.40 
 AM 
 
 c 1 -JfesBd 
 2| ^»M 
 
 AM 
 6 30 
 6.i2 
 6 35 
 6.40 
 6.45 
 6.48 
 
 6.63 
 6.58 
 7.01 
 7.04 
 7.08 
 7.12 
 7.17 
 
 7!23 
 7.28 
 7.31 
 
 7'.66 
 8.10 
 AM 
 
 S 1 -".""d 
 
 - 1 ^".VV 
 
 AM 
 
 5.30 
 5.33 
 5.36 
 
 5.40 
 5.46 
 5.47 
 5.49 
 6.62 
 5.66 
 5.69 
 6.01 
 6.04 
 6.07 
 6.12 
 6.14 
 6.16 
 6.21 
 6.23 
 6.25 
 6 27 
 6.39 
 6.31 
 6 42 
 6 65 
 AM 
 
 -S9IIIV 
 
 . CO w ^ o. 2 12 <o In^ij" "'"°"°'"'"S~223-2EgSe!SSSSS 
 
 o 
 
 •< 
 
 LEAVE. 
 
 Sufferns 
 
 Tallman's 
 
 Monsey 
 
 Spring Valley. 
 
 N anuet 
 
 HIauvellville. 
 Orangeburgh . 
 Sparkill 
 
 ARRI\-E. 
 
 LEAVE. 
 
 Nyack 
 
 Manstield Ave 
 (irand View.. 
 
 I'.ermont 
 
 Sparkill 
 
 '1 appan 
 
 Neuvv 
 
 Norwood 
 
 <'loster 
 
 I>eniarest 
 
 Cresakill 
 
 lenaflv 
 
 Highland 
 
 Kriglewood . . . 
 
 Walton 
 
 Leonia 
 
 Ki.igefield.... 
 F.air View.... 
 
 Granton 
 
 New Durham. 
 Homestead . . . 
 Tyler Park... 
 Jersey City... 
 New York.... 
 
 ARRIVE. 
 
 i 
 
 < 
 
 
 B<i--i-oo3DT6aDodoeo(icooo3iiodoooc-QoodooToo6<7iff-oio>mB*l 
 
 z 
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 H 
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 o 
 
 f- 
 
 c 
 3 
 
 Train 131 will run Daily between Sparkill andSnffern. 
 AN ADDITION \L TRMN leaves Sparkill for Njack, at 2.45 p.m., 
 stopping at all ii.at(..n4, arrives at Nyack 3.05 p.m. 
 Other Trains Daily except Sundays. 
 Trains 131, 133, 137, 139, 145 and 147 stop at County Cross Road. 
 SPECIAL SATURDAY NIGHT TRAIN will leave New York Old St. 
 and Chambers St., at 11.30 p.m. for Nyack, stopping at all SUtions, 
 arriving at Nyack 2.00 A.M. 
 
 SPECIAL SUNDAY TRAINS will leaveNew York, 93d St., at 8.46 a.m. 
 and 6.46 p.m.. Chambers St. at 9.00 a.m. and 7.15 pm. for Nvack, 
 stopping at all SUtions, arriving at Nyack at 10.45 a.m. and 8.66 p. m. 
 
 PM 
 6.15 
 6.30 
 6.46 
 6.65 
 6.68 
 7.00 
 7.02 
 7.06 
 7.10 
 7.16 
 7.18 
 7.22 
 7.24 
 7.27 
 7.30 
 7.33 
 7.37 
 7.41 
 7.43 
 7.45 
 7.60 
 7.55 
 7.69 
 8.03 
 8.06 
 PM 
 
 145 
 
 P.M 
 4.46 
 6.15 
 6.30 
 5.40 
 5.45 
 6.48 
 
 5.54 
 5.58 
 6 04 
 6 07 
 6.12 
 6.14 
 6.17 
 6.19 
 6.22 
 6.26 
 6.28 
 
 6.32 
 6.35 
 6.40 
 6.44 
 6 48 
 6.60 
 PM 
 
 -,i'a;;Vl7"^S ::::::::§ :S 'S?!^ • -SESSSg'gSggSSSSS? 
 
 2 J.WBjJ S — .*o. .-5<c^c*cocoeo-T.<f-l''0«oC'©o.-c*<?*oiecS 
 
 -1 ^''.\i 1 B<.>.-<^;^;cococorfMco^^coco~cocococc^^^-^^-1•^-»a< 
 
 
 y-.0'000r-e*aoo*« 
 .ic<e*eoiow500c«'* 
 
 137 
 
 PM 
 
 1-2.16 
 12.30 
 12 46 
 12.65 
 1.00 
 1.02 
 1.04 
 1.08 
 1.12 
 1.18 
 
 1 21 
 1.27 
 1.29 
 1.33 
 1.37 
 1.40 
 1.44 
 1.48 
 1.60 
 1.52 
 1.57 
 
 2.0; 
 
 2.06 
 
 2 11 
 2.16 
 PM 
 
 136 
 
 AM 
 9.16 
 9.30 
 9.45 
 9.54 
 
 10.02 
 10.04 
 lO.O'.l 
 10.11 
 10.17 
 10.19 
 10.21 
 1024 
 10.27 
 10 32 
 10.37 
 10.39 
 10.41 
 
 10 65 
 11.00 
 11.04 
 
 11 08 
 11.10 
 AM 
 AM 
 11.00 
 11.05 
 11.10 
 11.20 
 11 27 
 11.32 
 11.38 
 11.60 
 AM 
 
 133 
 
 AM 
 8.16 
 8.30 
 8.45 
 8.65 
 8.58 
 9.((0 
 9.04 
 9.07 
 9."9 
 9.15 
 917 
 9 21 
 9 23 
 9 26 
 9-30 
 9 36 
 9 40 
 9.62 
 
 9 67 
 10.00 
 10.05 
 10.09 
 10.13 
 10.15 
 AM 
 
 131 
 
 AM 
 
 6 45 
 
 7 00 
 7.15 
 
 7.38 
 7.41 
 7.44 
 7.48 
 7.52 
 8.01 
 8.19 
 
 8 13 
 8.33 
 8.37 
 8.41 
 8.47 
 
 8 53 
 8.58 
 9.00 
 9.04 
 
 9 0b 
 9.10 
 9.15 
 9.18 
 9 22 
 9.25 
 AM 
 AVI 
 8.25 
 8.31 
 8.36 
 8.46 
 9.00 
 9.10 
 9 16 
 9.25 
 AM 
 
 .- 1 ■"•.I»).J J 
 
 - 1 J<"|JBW 
 
 AM 
 6.20 
 
 5.34 
 6 36 
 6 38 
 6.41 
 5.45 
 6.51 
 6.54 
 
 6 16 
 
 6 23 
 6.29 
 6.34 
 «44 
 6.53 
 6.65 
 7.05 
 7.30 
 7.36 
 7.37 
 7.40 
 
 7 45 
 AM 
 
 7.40 
 7.45 
 7 58 
 8.08 
 8.16 
 8.20 
 8.27 
 8.33 
 AM 
 
 •«»iiw 
 
 . .^lowt-oooio eo'f »c«ot-oo osoe* eo.fl. us«>»-o>o 1 .o (c e- e« -r « oo ^ 
 
 z 
 
 o 
 
 LEAVE. 
 23rtl St.,N.Y. 
 Chambers St. 
 Jersey City.. 
 Tyler Park . . 
 Homestead .. 
 New Durham 
 
 Granton 
 
 Fair View... 
 Ridgefield . . . 
 
 Leonia 
 
 Walton 
 
 Englewood . . 
 Highland.... 
 
 Tenafly 
 
 Cressklll 
 
 Demarest 
 
 Closter 
 
 Norwood 
 
 Tappan . ... 
 
 Sparkill 
 
 Plermont 
 
 Grand View. 
 Mansfield Av 
 
 Nyack 
 
 ARRIVE. 
 
 LEAVE. 
 
 Sparkill 
 
 Orangeburgh 
 Blauveltville 
 
 Nannet 
 
 SpringValley 
 
 Monsey 
 
 Tallman's... 
 
 Sufferns 
 
 ARRIVE. 
 
H 2 02 ^ W O tzj ^ cc HZ^QtJOHKH^rg^^ 
 
 ' — s ^ 3 '^ *" 
 
 ^ 3 a 
 
 
 CO 05 CO CO to 63 65 10 10 to 10 to l-J 1-; I-' r-i -- 
 
 K.|-t(K4^|MH.HK-|» 
 
 Miles from 
 JERSEY CITY. 
 
 OOQOGO<}OlOlCJIt^4^rf^COCOtOlOl-'i--OOtCQOCC-3'OCiC501 
 
 ) CO to to to 
 
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 eoocooociC505cnoiCiiOTC;ic;»4^i*'>f^h*>-cococoioiocoi-'i-'— LOCAL. 
 
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 1 a. 00 -^7 ^7 Ci o» o> 1*^ tt^ CO to to lol EXCURSION. 
 
 -J -sj -■» CI CO to to l-J- h- I 
 
 ■ooooocooo^s". oojc^^'Cococo 
 
 strip 
 or Package 
 Tickets to 
 Jersey City 
 
 only. 
 
 COMMUTATION TICKET.S can be procured at the Office of the Company, No. 197 Reade 
 St-, New Vork, on tlie last day of the montli. and for five days thereafter, from 9 a. m. until 5 
 o'clock p. m. These tickets are issued commencing on the first day of each month, and no deduction 
 will be made for parts of months expired. Tickets are not good, even for one trip, atter date of ex- 
 piration^ O. A. ROORBACH. Treasurer. 
 
IT ^W^ILL PA.Y 
 
 To Call and Examine GOODS and PRICES at 
 
 Nos. 398, 400 & 402 BOWERY, 
 
 TRAPHAGEN, HUNTER & CO, 
 
 Gents' 'and Children's Garments, 
 
 READY-MADE AXD TO ORDER. 
 
 RULES FOR jSELF-MEASUREMENT AND SAMPLES PROMPTLY FORWARDED 
 
 BY MAIL. 
 
 All Goods Guaranteed as Represented. 
 
 Please consider tTiat the money yon spend in your 
 own place indirectly benefits yourself. I Tieep the 
 Largest StocTx, of Ooods in the line of Hardware., 
 Ho use- Furnishing Goods^ Agricultural Implements., 
 Seeds, cfcc, of any one in Bergen County, and liave 
 reduced my prices in accordance with the times. Call 
 and examine StocJc and prices at my New Store, 
 and oblige, yours truly, 
 
 O. W. VA.LEIVTINE. 
 
 Pal isade Ave., Englewood, N. J. 
 
 EJ^GLEWOO DANDTENAFLYA SPECIALITY 
 
 Real Estate on line of Northern Railroad for sale, 
 exchange and to rent. Apply to 
 
 Room C, Basement. Ill -Broadway, New York. 
 
 For Englewood Property to R. A. GORHAM, over P, 0., Englewood. 
 
MAKtHi W® ©BBEWB®. 
 
 MANUPACTUREB OF 
 
 Elsciricil Isslrmesh, Tekgrnpli Supplies, k\m Sailsdes, 
 
 Contractor and Engineer of Telegraph Lines, Hotel Annunciators. 
 Every description of Fire Alarm Apparatus, Machinery and Supplies. 
 
 No. (04 CENTRE ST., NEW YORK. 
 
 ENGLE^WOOD 
 
 CLASSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL 
 
 Soarding & f)ay School 
 
 YOUNG MEN PREPARED FOR COLLEGE AND FOR BUSINESS. 
 
 A Thorough Course in Classics, Mathematics, Nat. Sciences and Modern 
 
 Languapfes. Penmanship, Book-keeping, Composition and 
 
 Rhetorical Exercises, also receive special attention. 
 
 SUPERIOR ADVANTAGES FOR VOCAL AND INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC. 
 
 The Next Session Commences Sept. 13th, 1875. 
 
 For Circulars, &c., apply to 
 
 A. KtJRSTEINER, M. D. ? t^ . . , 
 T. R. WHITE, A.M. S ■t'^iiicipais. 
 
 Established in I860. 
 A Sch-ool for Youna: Xjadies and Oliildreii. 
 
 Rev. T. G. WALL, Principal and Proprietor. 
 
 Embracing Primary, Academic and Colle&iate Departments. 
 
 The Course of Study as extended as ant Institution in the Country, 
 except the colx,kges. send for a circular, i 
 
m 
 
 
 If 
 
 ENCLEWOOD, N. J. 
 
 House Newly Purnished. Ample Accommodations for Transient Guests. 
 MEALS TABLE D'HOTE AND TO ORDER. 
 
 BYRON 13. ADAMS, Proprietor. 
 
 PETER DURYEE & CO., 
 
 lai^fflwaffi 
 
 'f) 
 
 215 GREENWICH STREET, 
 
 (Corner Vesey Street,) ]\e>v Yoi'k. 
 
 Farming Tools, Mechanics' Tools, Builders' Hardware, Cutlery. 
 
 msi 
 
 yj 
 
 JkW 
 
 'm^MWQ'QW. 
 
 A Fine Property consisting of a large Dwelling with all modern 
 improvements, (lot 100x200 feet) with Carpenter's Shop in rear, facing 
 on Railroad Avenue. Machinery, &c., all in good order, (suitable for a 
 Factory) will be sold separately or together. 
 Apply to 
 
 Oflace over Post-Offlce, 
 
 R. A. GORHAM, 
 
 Real Estate and Insurance Agent 
 
 ENGLEWOOD, N. J. 
 
 MANUFACTURER OF THE 
 
 Excelsior Gas-Tight Furnaces and Ranges. 
 
 Office Sl Salesroom, 
 Foundry, - . . 
 
 2 I O Water Street, New York. 
 Foot of Green Street, Jersey City. 
 
 CASTINGS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. 
 
BRINCKERHOFF, TURNER & CO., 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OP 
 
 o©WT©K m^MXEs »uc: 
 
 ALL WIDTHS OF 
 
 Cotton Canvas, Ravens, Stripes, Bags, Twine, Bunting, &c. 
 lOO Diiaiie Sj»ti.*eet, ]Xe>v 'Vork- 
 
 E. A. BRINCKERHOFF. J. SPENCER TURNER. HEMRY D. POLHEMUS. 
 
 WESTERN UNION B UILDING, Room 20, 
 Broadway and Dey Street. 
 
 New York, June ItJi, 1875. 
 Tlie Books of Stihseription to the Capital Stock of 
 The Provident Savings Life Assurance Society of New 
 
 York^ are now opened at above address. 
 
 WILLIAM T. BOOTH, 
 
 WILLIAM S. OPDYKE, ]■ Commissioners. 
 
 SHEPPARD ROMANS, 
 
 ©SSA^MPW e^AWlO'lf ® 
 
 The heautiful driTies, the healthful air, the Alpine 
 scenery, the Grand Boulevard of the Palisades, and 
 the interior comforts of the MURRAY-HILL HOUSE, 
 render it one of the most desirahle resorts in the 
 country. Western Union Telegraph Station in the House. 
 
 For rooms, apply to or address, 
 
 MURRAY-HILL HOUSE, 
 
 {OPEN A.LX THE YEAH.) I>EM:A.K EST, IV. J. 
 
-A. SELECT SCHOOL rOH BCSTS -A-KTID OII^LS. 
 
 Situated in Closter, Bergen Co., N. J. 
 
 The Course of Instruction is tliorougli, comprising English Branches, 
 French, German, and Music. 
 
 The School year consists of 40 weeks, opening the first Wednesday in 
 September. Terms reasonable. 
 
 BELLE E. HAMMOND, Principal. 
 
 33 ACRES OF LAND WITH COTTAG-E, &c., 
 splendidly located within 3€ mile of Depot, will be sold 
 as a whole, or in lots to suit pnrchers. 
 
 Apply to K. A. G-ORHAM, 
 
 Real Estate Agent, over Post-Office, Englewood, 
 Or, HOMER MORGAN, 2 Pine Street, N. Y. 
 
 NYACK-ON-THE-HUDSON. 
 
 Since opening tills house two year.s ago, extensive improvements have been made in the 
 surrounding grounds ; green lawns, shady paths and beautiful rambles now abounding upon 
 the lands belonging to the Hotel, which with an extended view of the Hudson River, for a 
 distance of about twenty miles, makes this probably the most delightful summer resort in 
 the vicinity of New York. 
 
 The House and Furniture are new, (this being only the third season,) and the location 
 on the heights above Nyack, the salubrious and healthy climate, and a table unsurpassed by 
 the best Hotels in New York City, form attractions which heads of families will appreciate. 
 The house is lighted with gas, and is well supplied witli water and baths. 
 
 The Stables and Carriage Houses are large and well ventilated, with comfortable rooms 
 for Coachmen and Footmen. 
 
 Facilities for travel between Nyack and New York City are ample. Gentlemen can 
 easily reach the City in time for business, returning in the afternoon for dinner. 
 
 TEItlS^ S. 
 
 Single Jtootng, $is to $20 per M'eeh. 
 
 Double " - - . . - 30 to 60 " " 
 
'^%a f if pa ill Miliej 
 
 AT NYACK-ON-THE-HUDSON. 
 
 The table is under tlie accomplished French caterer, M. Geo. Bardin, 
 and is first-class. The rooms are commodious, finely furnished, and all 
 command splendid views of the scenery of the Hudson. The lawns and 
 grounds are extensive and delightful, having abundant shade. The shore 
 of the Tappan Zee, to which the grounds extend, furnishes facilities for 
 boating, salt-water bathing and fishing. 
 
 Piazzas, 13 feet wide, have been built around the house, which has 
 been thoroughly overhauled and repainted ; the dining-room has been 
 changed from the basement to the ground floor ; a bowling alley and a 
 floating bath-house have also been built ; and a sufficient number of row 
 and sail-boats can be had at all times. In fact, no pains have been spared 
 by the new proprietor in making the place as attractive and comfortable as 
 could be desired. 
 
 Entire freedom from malaria and mosquitoes ; picturesque and beauti- 
 ful drives ; commodious stables and carriage houses ; abundance of rich 
 milk ; the purest water, from mountain springs, carried to all buildings ; 
 also gas throughout ; fine steamers and numerous railway trains, with 
 palace cars, contribute additional attractions to this place. 
 
 Trains leave nearly every hour from the Grand Central and 80th Street 
 Depots for Tarrytown, and from JPavofiia Ferry, by the Northern 
 JR. It. of N. J., for Mansfield Avenue, Nyack. Boats leave the 
 foot of Harrison Street. 
 
 Diagrams of rooms, with full particulars and terms, will be sent on 
 application. 
 
 Address, 
 
 m. mm. i*a wmtn^wii. 
 
ISO & 132 CHAMBERS STREET, 
 
 AND 
 
 BROADWAY and FORTY-SECOND STREET, 
 
 mmrw warns* 
 
 39 Rue de Lafayette, Paris. 
 
 DEALERS IN 
 
 Army, Navy and Yacht Stores, 
 
 IMPORTERS OF ALL 
 
 wmmmiKB^ (b%(^W) 
 
 11^ OTJI^ LIJSTE, 
 
 OF EVERY KNOWN DESCRIPTION. 
 
 HAVANA CIGARS 
 
 IN GREAT VARIETY, 
 IN BOND OR DUTY PAID. 
 
Lange, Little & Co., 
 
 S^ledtfotypei^^, :Btefeotypef^, 
 
 AND 
 
 108, 110, 112 & 114 WOOSTER STREET, 
 
 (Bet. Spring and Prince Streets,) 
 
 |>> 't^l'l^^ ^W' iTTfe '«i!?3>i '^ra^P' 
 
 Railroad and Steamship Printing 
 a sfecialty. 
 
BARRETTS, PALMER & HEAL 
 
 (Two Doous Below Broomk Street,) 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Dyers of Dress Good?, Millinery Goods, &c. 
 
 G^OOD FOR ANY YEAR,! 
 
 (COPYRIGHTED.) 
 The attention of the Trade and the Public generally isinNnted to these 
 improved Diaries. They obviate the inconvenience of carryiujj a bulky 
 book in the pocket but still give a whole page for every day in the year. 
 They are composed of a Leather cover (which can be used for several 
 years) and twelve separate books, with the days of the week omitted, 
 thereby allowing a person to commence at any time of year without the 
 loss of a single month. 
 
 To Stationers who have been in the habit of carrying large stocks 
 of old style of Dairies and finding them unsalable after a few months, 
 these will be found of great advantage as they are. 
 
 PUBLISHED AND FOR SALE BY 
 
 DANIEL D. COMES, 
 
 Manufacturing Stationer, 
 
 KTev^ Olnarola. Street, 
 
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