E340 18 H4 Doaobsmo2a ?m ^\ .* V \ •««>" * ■ •!•• *- ir. % $' 4>^ & ** '. *>. J>^ ** ** *W V **- >F 0> *«/1* A." ^ «0rf. AO^ * °o. ,0 ^ /« ^% ;- -w ■ •*» n V » . • , DISCOURSE EDWARD EVERETT, BY FREDERIC HENRY HEDGE. DISCOURSE EDWARD EYERETT, DELIVERED IN THE CHURCH OF THE FIRST PARISH, BROOKLIXE, <)N THE TWENTY-SECOND JANUARY. By FREDERIC HENRY HEDGE. B S T X : PBESS "I GEO. C. RAND & IVERY, No. S, CORNHILL. 1 8 6 5. E '5 4-0 DISCOURSE. DISCOURSE " Honor to whom honor."— ROM. xiii. 7. ( )vr Commonwealth mourns in these days the loss of its brightest ornament ; the nation, of one of its ablest statesmen, its wisest counsellors, its truest and mosl devoted servants. The death of Mr. Everett, of which last Sunday brought us the tidings as we came to this place of our devotions, is felt to be a national calamity: it shares, for the moment, the na- tional intercut with the great events of the war. The man who for half a century, with brief excep- tional intervals, had been in the public service, belongs to the public; his life and character and name are public property; and. when he departs out of our sight, they remain a public interest and concern ; a study for the Church as well as the world ; inviting discussion from the pulpit, as well as the rostrumand the press. Ii is not my purpose to present yon with a sketch of this rich and illustrious life. 1 shall not attempt to enumerate the many and distinguished services of our fellow-citizen, nor will I undertake the analy- sisofhis intellectual and moral character, but confine 6 myself to one or two points of special interest, or t<> such as seem to me to possess a moral significance. The lirst thing which suggests itself, in our recol- lection of Mr. Everett, is the admirable genius of the man as displayed in public speech. In this particu- lar, he lias had no superior in this country, — per- haps no equal, considering the scope of his rhetorical vocation, the wide variety and great dissimilarity of the topics, interests, occasions, assemblies, platforms, which claimed his advocacy or exercised his powers. Others of our national orators may have excelled him in one or another particular, — some in popular ha- rangue, some in forensic debate. Mr. Clay's impulsive vehemence would tell with more thrilling effect on the passions of a miscellaneous auditory ; Mr. Web- ster's ponderous strength would strike a more amaz- ing blow in the senate or the court. But not to speak of learning and high intellectual culture, in which he confessedly excelled not only these, but all American orators, neither Webster nor Clay possessed the breadth and versatility and mental resources of Mr. Everett. Neither they, nor any other speaker within my knowledge, could vie with him in easy as- cent, in ready association of ideas, in prompt sugges- tion and fertile invention, in facility of transition, in exuberant fancy, in rich and graceful ornamentation, and that astonishing memory, that uniform command of his powers, which made him equal to every occa- sion, suit to interest every assembly, and equally in- teresting from beginning to end of his discourse. His pinion never drooped, his hearers never wearied. ( Mher orators might excel him in particular instances ; but no speaker to whom I have ever listened, without trick or bait, addressing the reason only, speaking in a "-rave wav on grave subjects, could so command and hold the attention of a crowded assembly for consecu- tive hours. But those who have known the great orator only iii bis later efforts can hardly appreciate the fascina- tion which he exercised on youthful hearers in his own youth. A measure of scholarly learning un- common in this country at that time; a poetic fancy; extraordinary beauty of person; the rich tones of a wonderfully cadenced voice; graceful hearing: a dig- nity beyond his years; a certain line and mysterious reserve, which curbed, without impairing, the fervor of his discourse, — all this gave to his appearance and performance an ideal something, which seemed to denote a superior being, distinguishing him from all other speakers, nol only in degree, hut in kind. — something which brought to mind the Greek divini- ties of classic renown. Mv recollection does not em- brace the period of his ministry as a pulpit orator. Bui those who remember him in that capacity will tell you, that, young as he was, — a youth of twenty, — no preacher in this community was heard with greater admiration and delight. I recall him only as a secular orator. My first experience of his marvel- lous power in that line was the famous oration deliv- ered hefore the University at Camhridge, in the pres- ence of Lafayette, then visiting this country of his early fame ; a performance which made an era in the literary history of the college, as it did in the intel- lectual history of many who heard it. The address to the honored guest drew tears from the veteran's eyes. All present were profoundly stirred. The vast assemhly was fused together in one emotion. I sup- pose there was never an oration, spoken on a similar occasion and to such an audience, which affected so powerfully the sensibilities of those who heard it. This first great effort of his early manhood estab- lished Mr. Everett's fame as an orator, and occasioned his nomination and election to a seat in the National Congress, — the beginning of his political career. Then followed in constant succession, interrupted only by his four-years' residence abroad, an astonish- ing number of orations and allocutions, pronounced on all possible occasions, civic, academic, political, his- torical, festive, and funereal, many of Avhich are print- ed, and fill large volumes. They are characterized by perspicuity of statement, skilful arrangement, grace- ful method, massiveness of composition, felicity of illustration, purity of thought, nobility of sentiment, simplicity of diction. They place their author among the very first orators, not of this age and country y the Administra- tion which represented the country, and on whom its burdens and responsibilities were laid, he became at once the fast friend of the Administration, determined by all means, with all his powers, to strengthen its bands, to plead its cause, and. so far as might he, to lighten its beavj load. With what ability and with what success lie has done this, with what generous, untiring, self-sacrificing devotion, through all the years of this war. he has followed this high ministry, 20 and borne his share of the universal burden, is known to all the citizens of this land ; and known to all is that beautiful episode in his labors, — his persevering efforts in behalf of the suffering Unionists of Tennes- see, which resulted in the contribution of the sum of a hundred thousand dollars to that noble charity. Thus did our civil hero, by the strong persuasion of his eloquent lips and the valor of his pen, fight the civil and social battle of the Union, with as much true heroism, I dare to say, and as much self-sacrifi- cing devotion, as any chief on the army-roll who has led his serried ranks to victory in the held. If Web- ster was thought, by his official labors in the Senate of the United States, to merit the title, " Defender of the Constitution," with equal justice has Everett, by his unofficial, voluntary labors, merited the title, "De- fender of the Union." For no service which he rendered, official or unof- ficial, as servant of the Stale or as voluntary ser- vant of the people, did he take any bribe. He never mulcted his constituents, nor received a dollar be- yond the stated salary of his office. Far from receiv- ing, it was his better and more blessed privilege to give. A hundred thousand dollars, the fruit of his labors with tongue and pen. he gave to promote tin- ea use of Union through the nation's common interest in the memory of Washington; a hundred thousand 21 more he was chiefly instrumental in procuring as a contribution to the charities of the war. His private life was as spotless as his public course was patriotic and sincere. No breath of reproach ever sullied his fair repute; and no duties, according to the testimony of those who know best, were more faithfully and thoughtfully discharged by him than those of husband, father, and friend. Many were the offices of honor and trust which he filled with the lio-ht of his beneficent genius. An ordained minister of the gospel at the age of twenty; professor in the neighboring university, and afterwards its president- a member, at different periods, of both houses of Congress; governor of this Commonwealth; ambassa- dor at the court of St. James ; secretary of state in the national cabinet ; yet noblest and greatest of all. in these latter years, as a private citizen. — his way of life, as 1 survey it in the retrospect, comes to me as a zodiac of luminous progress, -shining brighter and brighter unto the perfect day." The closing scene of this life, its last public act. preceding by a few short days its disappearance to mortal sight, was what he himself would have wished it to In-, what every friend must rejoice to remember, — an art of charity ; a plea for the people of Savan- nah, returning to their allegiance, and asking aid for their de-tit ute starving city. And hen- 1 notice a striking and beautiful relation 92 of correspondence between the beginning and the end. Mr. Everett's first public act — I mean the first spontaneous act in which he appeared before the general public, outside of the duties of his profession — was his •• Defence of Christianity ; " a book which he published, at the age of twenty, in answer to an infi- del attack. At the age of twenty, a plea for theoreti- cal Christianity ; and now. at the age of seventy, after an interval of half a century, a plea for practical Christianity, urging his' fellow-citizens to heap coals of the fire of Christian love on the heads of their enemies. '• Do you say that they were lately our enemies'.''' he pleads. "I am convinced that the ma- jority, the great majority, were so but nominally. But what if they were our enemies. ' If thine enemy hunger, feed him ; if he thirst, give him drink ; ' es- pecially when he has laid down his arms, and submits to your power." Between the theoretical and the practical plea, a half-century of solid, useful, noble work, a hall-cen- tury devoted to the public good, a hall-century of magnificent talent employed like a faithful steward for worthy and beneficent ends. What better legacy than the influence of such a life can a man leave be- hind him when he goes hence'.' What better outfit than the spirit of such a life can a man take with him on his voyage to the undiscovered land '.' When the proto-martyr of the Christian Church. 23 on the eve of his death, harangued the people in de- fence of the faith, -all that sat in the council, looking steadfastly on him, saw his Tare as it had been the face of an angel." Those who heard Mr. Everett on that last occasion affirm that his countenance wore an unusual lustre, free from those traces of suffering it so often exhibited in these last years. Was it the transfiguration of the earthly through the forereach- ing heavenly so close at hand '.' Blessed be the Father of lights, who gave us this light on our path ! — another guide to patient well- doing, and final victory. 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