l3f 7%^>sr /?<&. L1BRA RY OF CONGRESS 013 764 074 f Hoi linger #H 8.5 E 641 .139 Copy 1 rnr"; ■ •*• Indiana ■■■■■■■BBaBnnna State Soldiers' and Sailors' ]Monument DIMENSIONS Diameter of Plaza surrounding Monument Diameter of Terrace Height of Terrace .... Monument Foundation Depth of Foundation Height of Monument including Foundation Height of Monument from street level to top of Statue Height of Victory Statue .... Shaft at top ....... Balcony ....... 342 feet 7 in. 1 1 feet. 1 6 feet 4 in. 69x53 feet. 30 feet. 314 feet 6 in. 284 feet 6 in. 38 feet. 13 feet 3 in. 16 feet. The balcony, 228 J4 feet above the ground, is reached by an electric elevator or by stair- way consisting of 32 flights — 324 steps. Below the balcony is a bronze astragal bearing the dates 1861, 1865, on the four sides of the shaft, illuminated by electricity. Midway on the shaft is a second bronze astragal, emblematic of the Navy, and further down, a third bronze astragal representing the Army. On the east and west sides of the Monument are the two largest groups that have ever been carved out of stone — the one on the east rep- resenting War, the other Peace. On the south front are two heroic statues, each cut out of a huge block of stone ; one represents Infantry, the other an ideal Cavalry Scout. On the north front are the Artillery and Navy representatives. On the east and west sides of the terrace are cascades, over each of which flow 7,000 gallons of water per minute. With eight immense candelabra carrying 48 arc and 150 incandescent lamps, together with the 500 incandescent lamps at the top of the shaft, Monument Place Is brilliantly lighted. On subordinate pedestals occupying positions in the four segments surrounding the Monument are bronze statues of Governor Morton, Governor Whitcomb, General William Henry Harrison and General George Rogers Clark. In the crypt is a complete light and power plant for exclusive use of the Monument. Above the entrance facing south is the inscription of dedication : "To Indiana's Silent Victors " ry. History of Indiana's Soldiers a nd Sailors' Monument The State Soldiers and Sailors' Monu- specified in the appropriation, so the Leg- , .... .,-,, , .. .,,., .... islature ol 1901 was called upon and re- in. 1,1 POSl :illll"^I .M,uii,ihim, In- i N.n l lis , i appr priati d $34 131 93, the unex] led ures are $59S,31S.76. I! was nol the inten- balance of the $100,000 approprial i IS99 I i the Legislaturi of I887,which made vVith this sum the Monument was com- Lhi first appropriation, thai the State pleted. .. „ , . „.„. p.. ,,,,. The last Legislature abolished the office ' should spend mon than $200,000 Eoi thi ° ,. 1 board "I regi nts and created in its Monument, bul from time to time other gtead Uw board of control. The last re- Lppropriations were asked for and the por t of the board of regents, made in No- Legislature was generally quick to re- vember, 1901, informed the Governoi oi . , mL * thp completion of the Monuni' id The 5po „d with the sum, desired. '1 he ac, the^c «ple ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^_ of 1887 provided that the $200,000 appropn- men| cog) was derived r ,. om the follow- ated should I" used in connection with m g sources: 3 uch other funds as have already been or Special appropriations by the c,.,|, $453, 134 68 ma3 hereafter be donated and contribut- D "-" ■■■••■ Paid miii of general tuml for sal- ,,i, and that the cost of the Monument (n ^ anfl „„.(,,, ,,,.,, expenses .. 123,767 14 should not exceed the sum appropriated Amount received from Grand in addition to the donations and contri- Army fund, which includes $10,- 000 from Marion county, $1,000 '"'""" s - from W. II. English and bal- n was s ound that the plans ol tni ||||( from Grand Army pos ts, architect, Bruno Schmitz, could not be Sunday-schools, churches and carried out unless Uie Stale came for- individuals 21,116 94 ward with more money. The Legislature $598,318 76 ol 1891 levied a tax of 5 mills on the $100 Qne o ' £ Uli _ reports f the old board 01 worth of properts in Indiana for the years Monument commissioners gives more in 1S91 and 1892. This levy brought in $123, detail the sour., of money not con- , i .. , :r tributed by the State, it shows the follow - The Legislature provide, 1 that it "'"""" ■ the lei ; : eati a revenue of more ° sinal Indiana Monument Hi. in $100, the excess should pass into Association J 824 ?,6 the general fund, but later thi entire sum Marion county 10,000 00 Indianapolis Mas Festival a.-- 1 1" was mad, availabl, w fl | , n „ Iish ,, The General Assembly oi 1S9] desired President Benjamin Harrison..., 100 00 that the Monument should [pleted i, _\| Campbell ' for $100,000, for it provided that the Mon- [ndianapolis Journal Company... I Fli Lillv 50 00 ument commissi rs should give a bond £ Holstein" 50 00 of $100,000, conditioned that they complete Sma i'i er subscription 2,186 01 the Monument without further expense to the State, and that no changes in plans Total $19,639 be made to incase the est of tie Mon- The State Appropriations, ument above $100,000. In addition to the The appropriations b3 th, Stati wen i uneiii tax levied, the Legislature ol' follows 1891 appropriated $30,000. '" ,'""„, ,, , im f , ,. „ 1891, .. ■ fh nulls on the $100 foi Whet, the lirsi appropriation ol $200,000 |y|) anfl ]viJ 123,634 6S wai made In LS87, the question arosi |VM whethei salaries n.,1 incidental expenses LS97 10,000 00 should b, paid out of it or the g' ni ra' iggg 10 fund. A case was carried to the Supreme 1899 10,000 0(1 Court, which laid thai salaries and inci- 1901 i ' dental expenses should be paid out of the '»> (reappropriated) 14 131 9 Some of the large items of expense m general fund. In 1897 the Legislature ap- ^ ( ^^ . ^ „„„„„„,„ „..,, propriated $10, and thi Legislatures oi tne following 189! I 1901 each appropriated that [ mpro vement of Monument Place. $3 i for running expel Large war and large peace group 60,000 00 Th,- General Assembly ol 1899 appropri Cascade peace group 8,500 00 ted $100,1 as a sum in full for the com- Crowning figure 12,500 00 ,, i, ,,..,,..• thi Monument and for paying Cascade war group t r work "hi n tofor, dom bj order ol Eight candelabra it bron i i „, ... principal and four fountain, and the b ° ard "' regentS ' ""' : '"' Pr0Vld6d twelve bUffalO head, il, ..mnz- 33, thai ail work should b. completed by | , in| s0]ajer 1| ^,, ] ., ,,,, Januarj 1, 1901, and that anj unexpended reS entinf thi branches of mili- b ilanci .a thai date should be returned ,,, v ,.n oi the to the general mud of the Stale The rebi i 10.S00 00 i inn ui was not completed bj the time Army astragal 21,0 " Cascadi . .■■••■ 6,144 00 Bronze window frames and bronze doors 6,2 i Foundations 31 ,683 1 1 Elevator 1,50 The final report of the hoard of regents, consisting of 1. N. Walker. G. V. Menzii and Benjamin Starr, has the following to say of the history of the construction: "A resume of the history of its in, p tion and construction, taken from the records of the board, slews that the first movement toward building a State Sol- diers and Sailors' Monument was begin at the greal n union ol the veterans ol the State, held at Indianapolis in lx7r,. when an organization was perfected and nearly one thousand dollars raised foi that purpose. "Nothing further was accomplished foi , ,i,i j ears, and th, Monument Ian guished until the Grand Army of the Re- public took the matter up as an organiza- tion, appoint,,] a .Monument committee, who organized according to law, and the fund in tile hands of the original organi- zation was transferred to it. This Monu- ment committee made a vigorous effort, but was only able to raise, through the aid of Grand Army posts, Sunday-school , hurches, nties and individuals, I hi sum ol $21,116.94, and then recourse was had to the General Assembly of the Stati which was successful, and on the 3 .March, 1887, the Governor signed the bill, win, ii had passed both Houses practicall) unanimously, making an appropriation of $200,000 to erect the Monument, which u afterward interpreted by the Supi to .ii priate also the incidi expenses addil ionai. Eoard Appointed. "The ni provided thai the Monument should be construcl I' i I hi super- x ision ol a board of i ommi loners This bo nd we - appointed and organizi d Jum 28, 1SS7 i in the :>th , i January, 18SS, thi eh pi.,1 the design o B Schmitz, of Berlin, and the following Mux the contract was 1, t and ground broken for the Eoundati ' the Monu- ment 'I'h, mo' stone vt as laid August 22, t889, bj the I lepartment i f Indiana. Grand Army of the Republic, in the | enee of the President of the Uniti d S uud his C ibinet, the Governor and other State officials, and a vast concourse , veterans, citizens and distinguished vis- itors. "The work ,,f building the Monumi nl was prosecuted under the supervision of the boat,! of commissioners until the Gen- eral Assemblj of 1895 changed the law and create! a board of regents to taiti , harge oi its const ruction. "The board of regents consisted of Gen. Fred. Knefler president and superintend- ent; Gen. Jasper Packard and Mai. G. V. Menzies, Under the management of this i ,,,,i,i i hi work on the Monument iiinie.i and n is prai I ically completi 6 rding to the original design ol architect, at the time of the death of the president of the board t lem ral Khi Hi which occurred in June, 1901 The Circle — The Place Where the Monument Stands When Congress passed the law author- izing intii.in;. t«> adopt .1 State constitu- i ion, ii nro> icied thai the I lovernment should give to the new State four sec- of land for a site For the capital. Tin- Legislature accepted the gin and ap- pointed commissioners to selecl the tour si cl Ions, ai that time i he onlj inhabited portions cl Indiana weri alons ' he Wa- ii.i: h < Hii .1 \\ tiitew :ii er ii\ ers. The commissioners started oul i" find four ections as neai the geographical center of the Stati is possible, intending to I ih.' -iir of i In- future cil \ in Hie Ideographic! I i enter oil i he rum- seel inns. Tin' donation, however, was nol located in tin i xai i centei of t in- State, bui the commission! rs still adhered to the idea i't making tin- mile square intended for the lit \ in tin center of tin- donation, but when they Ijcsn n the preliminary sur- thej found that the ugly little stream, known as Pogues run, would pass through tli- ci nter of tin' embryo metrop olis, so they moved tin' mil.' square a Hull farther north. The surface of the new city was almost a dead level, but there was one little knoll, rising only a feet higher than the surrounding land, anil this little knoll was sel .1 .1 for 'ii'' center of the mile square. Plotted the City. Two surveyors, Elias P. Fordham and Alexander Ralston, were selected to plot the city. Ralston had been one of the assistants of I .' En t'ant. the surveyor of Washington, ami as he was the moving spirit in mapping out the future In- lapolis, the plan of Washington was followed to some extent. Four acres, cir- cular in form, wore first laid off, with the little knoll in the center. Around this 11 Strei t . ighl 1 t'i'i-t will.- was made. From this circle all the other streets of the original plai of the city were to be meas- ured. At that time there was no de- termiii.. tinn as to what use the circle Should be put. and the forest trees, which win' growing win n tin- town was laid off, were hit standing. On the 26th "I Januarj . 1828, an aet of the Legislature was approved providing i 'i 1 he erection ol a 1 lidence for the 1 : " . 1 nor, and the circle was chosen as tin- proper site. Four thousand dollars was appropriated tin the construction of the "mansion." and mi.- of the provisions was in tli.' effect that ih.' circle should l.i' inclosed by .1 "mat" rail fen. ■ I. 1I1 1st ol .\hi \ ..I thai ' 1 ' 1 I 'r. \ inns in 1 h.ii time n had been 1 1 pasture ground 1 1 .1 1 in cowi -i in 1 in '-: which were per- mitted i" inn at largi 1 in 1 In' 17th hi March a contract was let 1.1 ;i in m •-!' builders t" erecl 1 in- hou The architect's design was for a large, square house, two Cull stories high, with slightly sloping roof covering a large at- tic, in i"' lighted by dormer windows on tin' four Sides. ll was to ha \ . 1 11 l.i-- in. ol , When it was al 1 compli ted II Found thai ii" Go\ ernor wi mid like 1 cupy it. as it would "have no back lot in which tn hang out the family washing." Tli!s was a poser, and n b 1 - .1 question wii.ii iin State would do with the build- ing. For a long time it was lefl uncom- pleted, and thin tin' rooms wen- let out i"i' sundry purposes. Tim lias. in was 1 great plane for the boys to play In bad weather. For a while the Union Literary Society occupied one of the basemenl rooms, ami many a fiighl of incipient oratory was indulged in from that sui>- hi r.iiiian room. Afterward the State Au- ditor gave iin' society permission 1 ■ ni 1 in' rooms no 1 li" first Root Tin' first 11 ■ was divided by two wide halls, running east ami wesl and north ami south, cutting the floor into Four large rooms. For a long time the first floor was used for States offices, and at one time the State library was located in one of them. In 1S34 when the State Bank was chartered it began business in one of the rooms on the first floor. About thai time another one ol tin- rooms was used for the exhibition of a "temperance pan- orama." Sold at Auction. The rooms on the second floor were used as chambers by the judges of the Supreme Court, ami Judge Blackford occupied one Mom the time the building was completed until it was torn down. The attic was used for the storage of arms belonging to the militia, and for storing sundry documents belonging to the State, in 1829, before the State House was erected, tl was suggested that a wing be added to the "Governor's residence," on the east and west, and the whole converted into a State House, but this did not find much Favor. In 1S57 it was ordered sold and torn down, and in April of that year it was snlil at auction, the material going to build what came to be known as the "Macy House," still standing on the southeast corner of Market ami Illinois streets. The "Marion Fire Engine House" stood .11 tli, in. rth side of the Circle for several years, and was then abandoned. 1 1 was destroyed by tin' in 1851. Before the "Governor's residence" was torn down the original rail fence ,",.i\'' place in one of plank, and after the re- moval Of th. building steps were made al the four entrances. Over these the hogs 1 cows regularly made their way In grow fit mi th.' grass. To stop this pas- turing, iin 1 - 1 ■ "1 ve place in "turn- tiles." These kepi out the cows, while iin hi" mew the merrier bj having ii all to themsel Became a City Park. in 1867 th" I f 1851, tin' Slain ni 11 not sell the ground. Thai instrumenl re Circle, the square where the State (iou n. 11 stood, and the trait known as Mili- tarj Pa rk from sale or excha n 1 ai iir ii had 1 n decided in erecl • I 1 lili III'.' I'm' I If 1 !n\ 1 I 1I..I' oil III. ' he lots 1 urrounding II bi cami fa •. orite for residence 1 church uses. Ai one Mm' there were five churches Fronting 1 ii. ' 'ireii'. Wesley cha pel, now thi m riilian 1 1 'i 1 Mil hodisl church, stood on the southwest corner of Meridian a ml Cir- 1 1'l'i'is. 'l'h. buildjng has < modeled ami is now know n .1 the "Sen tinel building," having once been pied by that paper. 'fin' Second Presbyterian church si 1 on the northwesl corner of Mark. 1 am! Circle streets. This building was torn down four years ago to make room for the extension of the Hotel English. In ing Meridian street on the north ■•( thi Circle, Plymouth Congregational church stood for many years. It. was taken into ilm Hotel English when that building w.i first erected. Opposite il still stands Christ church, ami on the ground now occupied by the west half of the Fitzgerald Build- ing once stood the first Presbyterian church. Those churches had some famous pastors in their early days. It was in the Second Presbyterian church that Henry Ward Beecher first made his fame. Homes of Prominent Men. The residences of a number of distin- guished citizens faced the Circle. Bishop Edward K. Ames, of the Methodist church, once occupied a building which stood about where is now the entrance to English's Opera House. William A. Quarles, at one limn a prominent lawyer, had his resi- di in 1 just east of that of Bishop Aims. while Bishop Talbott, of the Episcopal church, occupied the building that lately gave place to the new home of the Colum- bia Club. During his business life in tndi a. apolis the late William H. English had ins residence in a red brick building just . as'l ni tin- old Beecher church. The Meth- odist parsonage si I in the rear of old Wesley chapel, ami was, in turn, occupied by the pastors of Hint church, among thi mnsi noted being Allen Wiley. Lucien W. Berry. F. ('. Holli.lay. W. W. Ilihben and B. F. i rary. The last In occupy il was 1'. X. Sims. Took Trajan's Idea. When, in 1805, Napoleon wanted to erei .1 ini'iiumiiii in Paris I" lommemorate his \ ictories, he took Trajan's idea, ami made a three-hundred-yard bas-relief 1 z< si rip thai he circled around 1 he column erected in the place Vend for il 11 lln 11 lapped thi top of il Willi a In I slati f himself, as Trajan had done. Si Peter stands in Trajan's place to-. lay. new Napoleon stands In 1 he place of tin 01 1 an 1 1 Napoleon mi 1 in column Vendome 'flin base nf ih. column of July in l.i is also loaded down wit Ii li.i; 1 iii 1 twelve of them— showing scene: In French revolutionary history, 'flu- top of tin column is capped w ith a lantern ami no top of ii i- pel 1 hed 1 in eace. The Laying of the Corner Stone Thirteen Years Ago The twenty-second day of August, 1889, was a great day for Indiana, and a great day for I ndianapolis. The 01 i asiort B as the laying of the corner stone of the S ildiers and Sailors' Monument. The managers of the affair prepared to make it a red-letter day, and obtained all the attractions possible. The lirst thing they did b < s to make arrangi ments foi ■■ i reduci d railroad fares from all pari ol thi Stati As ii was tc. be peculiarly a soldiers' day, thi old vetera ns B i n drawn from everj section ol the State, and invita- tions were extended to all the neighbor- ing States. To add to the attracl ion i he President of the United States, a Hoosier President, was to be present with several members of his Cabinet. It Bras to be his lirst visit i" Hi" State after his departure sum" months before, tu assume the duties of his lofty office, and thai alone was an attraction sure to draw a large crowd. The citizens of Indianapolis have al- ways been liberal in the way of display- ing bunting and decorations, and on this occasion they more than did justice to i hi fame I hey a Ireadj had in that din c- t ion. Before thi night of August 21, the ho- i.ls b ere crow ded to their ui most capa city. Thi' streets, up to a late hour, wore alive with people. Veterans of the civil war came by thousands, and sons of vet- erans by hundreds. The brass bands and drum corps alone would have made a crowd for a small city. During the night of the -1st ati'l the early morning of the 22d the trains brought to the city many thousands of visitors to add to the thou i .1 that had a Ireadj come. It was a beautiful day, the weather clerk, being on his good behavior, and was ushered in by the firing of a national salute ai the Arsenal. Everywhere could be seen uniforms. There were thousands oi the old blue of the days of 1S61-5, and hundreds of the new blue of the later militia. Added to these were many gor- geously arrayed civic bodies, who were to take part in tie parade and the after ceremonies. Then, too, there were Gover- nor llovey and his staff, mount' d on gaily caparisoned horses, and displaying -.isle- "I about all the colors oi the rain- how. These bright trappings added pic- ' uresi |uen< to Mm- sc< ne i mo of lie tiiosi at trad Lve feat tires b as the company of orphans from the homi at Knightstown. The fathei "i even oi t lo in had been a soldier, and as they took their place in the parade line, everybodj cheered thi m as the wauls ol ibo State. There was no disa ppoinl menl as to the , nl. i B ho . .i an lo lake pari or lo witness the ceremonies, hut there was i t ii icism of lb.- arrangi ments tor hand- ling ih" crowds, ami Hi" management ol i he parade. There was also cril Ii i m 1 1 "in i he facl t hat in s"'""i ing an ora tor tor the occasion iho managers did not eleel I 'resident Harri on He had been invited to be i bul i in- commis .i b iii to "fit another as I he 'i.i"! ol thi day. The President himself greeted with hearty cheers as they moved and b - friends fell this slight along the streets. Col. Charles A. Zol- The old veterans were the predominat- linger was chief marshal, and was assisi- ing feature in the parade, and were ed by a staff large enough to have made ADDRESS OF BENJAMIN HARRISON AT THE CORNER STONE LAYING. ' ' ¥ DID not expect tu make an address on this occasion. It would have [ been pleasant, if I could have found leisure to make suitable preparation, to have accepted tin invitation of the committee having these exercises in "harm, to deliver an oration. 1 would have felt it an honor to associate my name with an occasion so great as ibis. Public duties. However, prevented the a. . ' pfance of the invitation, and I could only promise to be present with von to- day. "It seemed to me most appropriate that I should take part with my fellow- citizens of Indiana in this great ceremony. There have been few occasions in the history of the State so full of interest, so magnificent, so inspiring, as that which we now witness- The suggestion that a monument should be builded to commemorate the valor and heroism of those soldiers of Indiana who gave their lives i"i tin flag, attracted mj interest from the beginning. The Hope Realized. "Five years ago last January, when tin- people assembled in the opera house yonder to unveil the statue which had been worthily set up to our great war Governor, I ventured to express the hope that near by it, as a twin expri ssion of one great sentiment, there might be huUded a noble shaft, not to any man, not to bear on any of its majestic faces the name of any man, but a monument about which thi- sons of veterans, the mothers of our dead, the widows that are yet with us, might gather, and, pointing to the stately shaft, say: "There is his monument!' The hope expressed that day is realized now. "I congratulate tie people of Indiana that our Legislature has generously met the expectations of our patriotic people. I congratulate the commission haying litis great work in charge that they have secured a design which will not suffer under the criticism of the best artists of the world. I congratu- late you that a monument so costly as to show that we value that which it commemorates, so artistic as to express the sentiment which invoked it, is to stand in the capital of Indiana, Does anyone say there is wastefulness here? Will Give Good Return. "My countrymen, two hundred thousand dollars have never passed, and never will pass, from the treasury of Indiana that will give a better return than the expenditure for the erection of this monument. As I have witnessed these ceremonies and listened to these patriotic hymns. I have read in the faces of the men who stand about me that lifting up of the soul, that kindling "1 patriotic lire that has made me realize that on such occasions the nation is. laying deep and strong its future security. "This is a monument by Indiana to Indiana soldiers. But I beg you to remember that they were only soldiers of Indiana until the enlistment oath was taken; that from that hour until they came back to the generous State that had sent them forth they were soldiers of the Union. So it seemed to me not inappropriate that I should bring to you to-day the sympathy and cheer of the loyal people of all the States. No American citizen need avoid it, or pass it with unsympathetic eyes, for, by countrymen, it does not commemorate a war of subjugation. There is not in tin United States to-day a man who, if he realizes what lias occurred since the war, and has opened his soul to the sight of that which is to come, will not feel that it is good for all our people that victory crowned the cause which this Monument commemorates. How the South Benefited. "I do seriously believe that if we can measure among the States the benefits resulting from the preservation of the Union, tin- rebellious States have tin largest share. It destroyed an institution that was their destruction. H opened the way for a commercial life that. if they will only embrace it, and face the light, means to them a development that shall rival the lust attainments of the greatest of our States. "And now, let me thank you for your pleasant greeting. I have felt lifted up h\ this iii: It seems to me that our spirits have been borne up to meel those of the dead and glorified, and that from this place we shall go to our hoincs more resolutely set in our purpose as citizens to conserve the peace ami welfare of our neighbor] Is, to hold up the dignity and honor of our free i i i to see that no harm shall come to our country, whether from internal dissi n i from the aggressions of a foreign foe." a respectable parade by itself. While the line was moving, thousands crowded In the streets and spaces around the Monu- ment until not another person could get in. Laying the Corner Stone. The ceremony of laying the corner stone took place in the afternoon and was con- ducted by Charles M. Travis, department commander of the G. A. R., assisted by the other officers of that order. The box prepared for holding the documents to be sited was made of copper and was two feet long, one foot wide and one foot deep. It contained the eignt vol- umes of Adjutant-General Terrell's report, comprising the roster of every Indiana organization that served during the war, rosters of the G. A. R., W. R. C. and Sons of Veterans; copies of Indianapolis daily papers; a copy of the act authorizing the erection of the Monument, wifli the names of those who voted for and against the bill; a number of other miscellaneous doc- uments and the flag of the Twentieth In- diana Regiment. On the stone was carved the inscription: August 22, 18S9. Erected by the People of Indiana; Act of the General Assembly, March 3. 1S87. The ceremony of depositing the box and closing the stone went off without a hitch, and then came the speech-making. The oration of the day was made by Gen. John Coburn, of Indianapolis, who had gone to the front as colonel of the Thirtj third Indiana Regiment. His address was a resume of what Indiana soldiers did and suffered for the I nlon. The speech- making was closed by a short address by President Benjamin Harrison. At night the veterans held numerous camp-fires, no hall being large enough to accommodate all of them. The main meeting was in Tomlinson Hall, which was jammed to the doors. To carry away the great crowds, the railroads were taxed to the utmost, but by morning of the 23d nearly all the visitors had left the city. It was an old veterans' day, and they enjoyed it t( the utmost, feeling that the State was beginning the erection of a struc- ture th.it was in i, ii to coming genera- tions, while I ... i usts, the story of what they achieved fri in 1861 to 1S65. A Description of the Monument's Various Features Thr [ndiana Soldiers and Sailors' Mon- ument is built of [ndiana oolitic lime- si. me. The shaft differs from that of most monuments, in that it is square, instead of round. The crowning figure repn si tits a Victory. It is 3S feet high— exceptionally large for a figure placed at so great an elevation. The sculptor was George T. Brewster, of Cleveland. The wings that figures of Victory usually have are here omitted. The head of the statue is crowned with an eagle, the wings extending. In one hand the figure grasps a torch held aloft, the other hand grasps a sword reversed. The figure stands on a bronze globe. Theodore C. Steele, the artist, of this city, was one of the experts chosen by i he Monument commissioners to pass apon the designs for the crowning figure co adorn the Monument, which were sub- mitted in competition. He said: "The figure upon the top of the Monu- ment was the first piece of sculpture that was added to the structure. The original design by Bruno Schmitz called for a fig- ure of Victory, and in his sketch model he made this a winged figure. It was thought, however, that the extended wini;s. giving so much more surface for the action of the 1 force of the wind, would add much to the difficulty of fas- tening the figure securely. The Crowning Figure. "We- had no difficulty in making the se- [ection, ami our decision was unanimous. and it fell to George Brewster, of Cleve- land. O. I think it can be claimed that i la I'umplete figure, as it now stands upon tlie Monument, while in a general way ef- fective, and from fntiK points of view im- pressive, is yet not so good as the original design, and it is to be regretted that any departure from the original design, as submitted by Mr. Brewster, was per- mit till "The figure is not so feminine and thi ii. ■wing grace and refinement of some of the outlines have been lost in the en- largement to the colossal size that was required. It is, of course, one of the most difficult problems of the sculptor's art to construct a figure that is to be seen at THE CROWNINl such a distant e and such a hight as this one, and yet not apppear weak and char- .acterless. There must be strong points of emphasis, exaggerations, one mas iay, to offset the weakening effect of the great distance and another scale of proportion to meet the requirements of the great per- spective. "Probably the figure as seen from Me- ridian street south of Washington streel is most effective. Here the lines are sim- ple and graceful, and the action of the figure good and expressive. A square or two out in Virginia avenue gives another fine view. Here the silhouette, for one, is too far away to see details. As the tiguri is seen against the evening sky or against the brilliant light of the afternoon it is graceful and beautiful. "I do not know how the figure becami known as Indiana, or as Miss Indiana, as it is often called in later years. It is a Victory, was so called in the original de- signs, and it would seem the more digni- fied and expressive name ought to be re- t a ined." The Astragals. The bronze globe on which the figure of Victory stands rests on a bronze covered pedestal, which grows out of the top of the stone shaft, the balcony or exten- sion around the base forming the outlook. Beneath this is carved in stone relief. Just below comes the first astra- gal, or astragal No. 1, representing on the four sides of the shaft thi years of the civil war. it is made of bronze, n is 6 feet in width. The figures are 2 high. Astragal No 2, next below, called the mi i asl ragal, repn tent the at the period of the civil war. Originally it was designed with the prow ol a Phce- neeian galley, but this was changed to the prow of an American vessel oi the period of the civil war. that of Fan ship, the I [art Cord, belni taken as t he mi This astragal Is 10 feet wide, w'ith a h on each sr.rfaci oi 18 feel L0 incl Astragal No. 3 at the base of the shaft union with t he pedestal, army astragal, n ay by illustrations of the arms of the service On the other side ot the pedestal, stand- The Record of the Monument. and other symbols. It is i leven Ceet tight ing guard at each side of the bronze en- inches wide, with a length of twenty-five trance doors, are four figures representing feet on each face. the four branches of the service during the SOUTH TABLET ON PEDESTAL,. Below the army astragal, and filling war. Each is cut from a single stone. The To Indiana's Silent Victors, it, sides ,,i the pedestal stand the eight candelabra that stand at the head —War for the Union, 1S61-1865.— great groups of the Monument represent- of the approaches are made of aluminum Indiana's Volunteers. in" war and peace. It was first intended bronze, the design representing electricity 126 Regiments Infantry 175,772 that these should be made of bronze, but and showing incandescent and arc lights, 13 Regiments Cavalry 21,605 finally after time and trial it was decided representing different colors, striking and 1 Regiment Artillery 3,839 to revert to architect Schmitz's original elfective in illumination. The candelabra 28 Companies Artillery 7,151 idea to have these groups of stone. The were designed by Bruno Schmitz. In these Navy 2,130 appropriateness of this will be felt be- candelabra are suggestions of the new T t j 21CM97 cause of the peculiar ..instruction of feeling in art, although in a general way Ki n e d'ard died land forces' 24 416 ' " these groups. they belong to the German renaissance in _ Infliana in the " War witn spain.- which some artists say the entire Monti- ' - .. The Great Groups. ment „ oonce ivea. There are four figures £™£™£ ££^ ' [ [ \ \ \ \ \ \ ' m While the outer part of the groups •" bronze on the segments ° £ Jlie c^cle sur ,„ ^ , ^ spring free from subpedcstals that stand rounding the Monument commemo ating pr 9S at the side of the main pedestal of the the four leading epochs ot Indiana history. ^^ ^^ , Monument, thev are united with the Monument proper, in that they grow out The Subs,d,ary Statues Total „. ............. MB of the Monument pedestal, presenting the They are the statue of George Rogers ''"''' in service ' ' ■ rather unusual combination of a group Clark, representing the overthrow of beginning in low relief, following with British power at Vincenne") in 1770; the TABLET ON PEDESTAL high reliefs, and culminating in full pro- statu te of William Henry Harrison, who w Indiana's Silent Victors jections and free figures. The central fig- dealt the T nd ; an s a crushing defeat in Mexico ure of the War group, rising full from the tne battle ot Tippecanoe in 1811; the 1M? lg4g outer edge of the group, is the Goddess of statue of James Whitcomb, Governor of ". ''' „ ', 0345 War in an advancing position, torch in In diana during the Mexican war, and Indiana Regiments, xxo. hand, her countenance breathing threat- tm? statue of Oliver P. Morton, Governor ' ' enings and slaughter. Around her whirls Qf In diana during the civil war. Intilan an „ ""., the tide of battle, a general on horseback. Th( Morton st atue originally stood in ' ' the individual soldier in various attitudes. t . ,, u . ,. ir ,. le now occupied by nll^^rT 1811 scouting, tiring, advancing, lying wound- th( , ., ]vat Monument Indians Defeated November ,, 1811. ed, while in the reliefs fading insensibly Morton statue was built by pri- _, , W " ° £ the Z „ ihe'Rritish i.itr, fh.-. Mmmment are the rank and tile ... ., j • ,00, Capture of Vincennes from the British, into the Monument are tne ran* aim uie vatg SUDS cription and was unveiled in 1884. ' of the advancing battle line. Au toW u cost about ' $10,000. Franklin f eoruary -a, i,<». The Peace group begins like the War simmons was the scu i pt or. Morton is group, with low reliefs, culminating in represente(J in tne attitude of addressing the Goddess of Peace standing full to the (he cjvil wap soldiers . center of the figure with the flag furled, The three remaining bronze statues are s jrit of the Monument. as the Goddess of War that stands ad- the WQrk o£ John H Mahoney , an In- H 1 'ins from the center of the War dianapolis scmpto r. Mahoney was a stone group. In the low reliefs of the Peace when a man In ms he went ™ nn „ me ,, f p ,- the angel with the olive branch, R where he studied sculpture . His J »™ the S ^ If ha ^ ow anfl ' the lite *™ in " ll ° boldel ' reIlef ' and flnal - monument of George Rogers Clark rep- ^'^'J^ the anTe! sent ly revealed in full, free figures are do- regents the her0 at his „ supreme moment ^^'^ blood and strlfe . mystic scenes of the returned soldier, the when a]1 the ene rgy and patriotism of occupations of peace suitably represented nis vehement na ture were aroused." With NTQ booming guns n0 agonizing gr0 ans by typical scenes upraised sword in his right hand, beck- ' Disturb our woodland solitudes or beat The actual modeling of the large Wai oning and urging his Iati gued band of The dusty , anes for calm . eyed Pea ce enthrones and Peac side groups, designed by l0 n ow ers with his left, Clark is stepping H er angels in the highest mercy seat. Schmitz, was done by Herman Matzen, rap i Q iy forward from the last flooded 01 New fork. Rudolph Schwarz superin- prairie s he had to cross to reach Vin- No tramping feet with muffled sounds go by tended the execution 111 stone. He says cennes . T he pose and action are of the To martial musi0 stepping, all in time; they are the largest pieces of stone work bold| das hing, adventurous leader and ex- The pitch-black clouds ot war have left the sky, ever done in the world, except the work p ] 0rer of the West. And men are living in an age sublime. of the Egyptians. The largest stone in The statue of William Henry Harris. ,n thesi groups weighs seventeen tons, represents the hero in the military cos- The voice of R acne i and her wail of woe Each group is composed oi about fifty tume of a major-general of the war of Js hus hed D y many a Southland's nameless pieces ol stone, 1812. The martial cloak is thrown back, grave. The general idea of these two groups disclosing the whole figure. The statue And by the Southern river's ceaseless flow of Peace and War is found in the smaller nas been described thus; "The whole feel- j n peace repose the ashes of the brave. cascade groups, as they are called, that i ng f the statu,- is that of an alert, In- ,ln.,i|. over the fountains. The tellectual man, of lofty soul and ready Immorta i Shades, as from your heavenly bow- east group, under the War group, is a f or action, capable of deeds of high em- eri (amp scene, in which there is a wounded prise." Te look upon this glorious scene to-day, drummer boy and two companions. This The statue of Whitcomb is of a different The mute stone crowned in wreaths of living group is cut out of three pieces of stone t ype of character from Clark and Harri- flowers. total wight of about 130 tons. The SO n. Whitcomb is dressed in the garb of Accept the loving tribute that we pay. cascade group under the great Peace a "gentleman of the old school." The roup r, in ents the soldier's return, in head is slightly drooped, but the body is For I. the Spirit of the Monument, which the soldier is greeted by father erect. The pose has been described thus: Join with thy sons and daughters, thousands and mother seated on the beam of a "The quiet, yet not passive hands, and strong. plow. II is cut from two pi. ces of stone, the whole pose of the figure express the To offer here the heart's best sacrament oi them weighing flfty-flve tons. Mr. meditativeness of the philosopher who re- In thoughts most eloquent in speech^and^song. Schmitz designed and executed both ol Beets before he speaks, who realizes the ■ 1 Ins,- groups. full responsibility of his utterances." Daleville, Ind. Some of the Most Famous Monuments of the World Indiana people, pointing in pride to the Indiana Soldiers and Sailors' Monument, have made the "finest In the world" '•in'rr* co rone and most of them without knowing why. that they have reached the point where they believe what thej say. win ii asked why the Indians Monu- ment is the finest iii the world, [ndiana people! as a rule, are on an equal foot- ing with tin- French guide, who, when asked the same Question, simply shins his mouth, looks disgusted and shrugs his shoulders. Something more than hight and cost determines the finest monument in the world. In Berlin there is a victory monu- ment that, in cost, hight and elaborate- ness is one of the finest in the world. The decorations and incrustations of bronze, gold, brass and silver have been put on with such a lavish hand, how- ever, that when Bismarck was called on to pass final judgment on it before it was accepted, he replied that all that remained to be done was to put a cigar in the mouth of the burnished bronze victory that crowned it, and make the whole thing ridiculous. If hight and cost be the only considera- tions in determining the finest monu- ment in the world, then Washington's monument in Washington has a long lead over all others. Things Not Generally Known. Here are some facts about the Indiana Monument that are not generally known, and on which, with some people, the decision of finest monuments may rest: It is the second highest monument in the world— eliminating the Eifel tower from the list. In cost it is the second monument in the world. It is the only great monument in the world that combines the memorial shaft and fountains. It is the greatest monument in the history of the world, past or present, erected to the valor of the common sol- dier. It is the only great monument in the world in which decorative and architec- tural art meet on anything like equal terms, one strengthening the other. It is inferior to many monuments in the world in surroundings, and its mag- nificence and impressiveness were less- ened because of its crowded and un-uni- form confines. World's Ten Tallest Shafts. The ten tallest monuments in the world are widely scattered. Washington Monument, in Washington. D. C, 555 feet, is the tallest. The Indiana Soldiers and Sailors' Monu- ment, 2S4% feet, is the second tallest. The Kuttab Minar, Delhi, Hindoostan, 240 feet. Is third. Bunker Hill monument, 221 feet, is fourth. Victory column, Berlin, 190 feet, is fifth. Nelson monument, Trafalgar square, London, 177 feet, is sixth. Washington monument, Baltimore, 175 feet. Is seventh. The Column -of July, Paris, on site of old Bastile, 151 feet, is eighth. Trajan's column, in Rome, 147 feet, is ninth. Column of Vendome, Paris, 142 feet, is tenth. Obelisk in front of the Temple of the Sun, at Thebes, 104 feet, is the tallest of the obelisks and probably is eleventh. Among Towering Structures. The Indiana Monument, besides stand- ing second in hight among the monu- ments of the world, ranks high in a list of notably towering structures. The follow- ing list shows its place to be twenty- fifth. [•YH Eifel tower 1,000 Washington monument 555 Cathedral at Cologne 511 Pyramid of Cheops 48G Antwerp cathedral (spire) 476 Slrassbtn-L; cathedral 474 Pyramid of Cephaloedis 456 St. Stephen's, at Vienna ' 449 St. Peter's dome, nome 445 St. Martin's, at Landshut, Germany.. 411 Salisbury cathedral, England 400 Campanile of Giotto, at Florence 3S6 Cathedral at Cremona, Lombardy 397 Cathedral at Seville, Spain 360 Cathedral at Milan 356 Cathedral at Utrecht 356 Pyramid of Sakkarat 356 Hungarian Parliament dome, Buda- pest 350 Cathedral Notre Dame, Bavaria 34S St. Paul's dome, London 340 St. Mark's, Venice 32S Parliament clock tower, London 320 Assinelli tower, Bologna 293 Capitol dome, Washington 2SS Trinity church. New York 2S4 Indiana Soldiers' Monument 284% Westminster Abbey 225 Notre Dame, Paris 224 Bunker Hill monument 221 Leaning tower of Pisa 179 Washington monument, Baltimore .. 175 Indiana Monument's Dimensions. Almost every authority on the Indiana Monument gives a different set of dimen- sion figures. The statements as to hight range from 252 to 290 feet. The architect. Bruno Schmitz, of Berlin, has seen fit to correct the many conflicting statements in time for the dedication. According to his figures, the Monument is 2S4V& feet from the street level to the top of the statue. This is a half foot higher than the fa- mous Trinity church spire in New York city, and three and a half feet less than the Capitol dome at Washington. a he hight of the Monument proper, including the foundation is 314V-: feet, and Miss In- diana is thirty-eight feet tall, instead of twenty-five feet, as is generally stated. Th. balcony is 22SV4 feet above the ground, and is reached either by elevator or a stairway of thirty-two flights— 324 steps. There are 500 incandescent electric lamps at the top, and 150 [ncai and forty-eight arc lights are carried by the bronze candelabra. The Monument fountains, which compare with the finesi in the world, have a capacity of 7,000 gal- lons a minute. In the foundation crypt is a compli te light and water plant— a feature not pos- sessed to so complete a degree by any other monument in the world. The lower bronze astragal extending around the Monument represents the army, the sec- ond the navy and the third, at the lam. I n base, carries the war dates. The Monu- ment's inscription is "To Indiana's Silent A'ictors." It is above the entrance facing the south. Second in Cost. The cost of the Indianapolis Monument aggregates $59S,31S.76. The only mon- ument erected in modern timi that has cost more is the Wash- ington shaft in Washington city. Its cost aggregated $1,300,000. The German national monument at Rudesheim cost $250,000, the Nelson monument in London $225,000. The cost of the Column of July and the Column Vendome, in Paris, can not be accurately given, because their construction and restoration were In many different hands. The Kuttab Minar, in Hindoostan, would have been the most costly had the work been paid for on an American, or even European, basis. Its mosaic incrustations, containing 235 com- plete books of the Koran, and its load of marble lace work, make it probably the finest monument in the world, in some re- spects. It has no rival, for it stands alone the great monument of the Orient and of Oriental and twelfth century architecture. The Indiana Monument's claim of first place among the monuments of the world lies not so much in the Monument's pro- portions or its cost, but in the generally unknown fact that it is the composite of all that has been best in monument archi- tecture from the beginning of a civiliza- tion represented by the pyramids to the present time. Fountains and monuments, from time beyond the memory of men, have always been two distinct and sep- arate decorative achievements and were never combined, in a great work, until the Indianapolis Monument was erected. In the above list of great monuments none but this one has the fountain feature. Beautiful Fountains. Paris and other cties of architectural beauty lay quite as much stress on their beautiful fountains as they do on their monuments. The greatest square in Pars— and in the world— the Place de la Concorde, is given over to fountains in- stead of monuments, and they mark the places where the guillotine stood during the terror sway of Danton, Robesi. and Murat, and their continual spra Intended to wash out the blood of thai reign of terror. Fountains instead of monuments— though an obelisk marks its center— are the feature of the great cir- cular and column-bounded entrance to the Vatican. The Indianapolis Monument fountains are as beautiful as can be I in the world, and in them lie one of the greatest points why the Indiana- polis Monument is really the finest in the world. The Egyptian Idea of a monument was first embodied In the pyramid, which they narrowed and elongated into the grace- ful, plain obelisk. This obelisk is in- corporated in the long, sloping shaft of the Indiana Monument. The base of the Indiana Monument is taken from the solid architecture of the Roman arch, which was imperial Rome's form of monument. How European Idea Differs. The European idea of a monument is a shaft to carry an incrustation of orna- mentation, principally bas-reliefs and bronzes. The ornamentation, instead of the architecture, becomes the feature of the monument, and as the case with the Berlin Victory monument, it often be- comes ginger-breadish. The American idea of a monument is the plain Egyptian obelisk enlarged to great proportions, as the Washington monument, Bunker Hi!! monument and others. The Indiana Monu- ment is a ruler supreme among monu- ments, because it has toned the American shaft, taken the best from the Roman base and the Greek Nike and has grafted on this combination just enough of the European ornamentation to tone a mo- notony of straight lines and strengthen the architectural beauty of the column. To this the fountains are added. The Indiana Monument fails to show its best points to best advantage, because of its cramped quarters and the uneven and sometimes unsightly architecture of the buildings that crowd it on every side. Christ church is the only building in keep- ing with the Monument itself, and it is too near. Many smaller monuments are more fortunate than this giant. Had the Indianapolis Monument a site such as the Soldiers and Sailors' monu- ment at Cleveland, the Nelson monument in London, the Marie Therese monument in Vienna and scores more that could be named, it would, in all eyes, outshine all competitors. A recapitulation of the monuments of the world shows that the tallest and most costly, as a rule, are in the United States, and not in Europe, as has generally been thought by Americans. The great coun- try of Austria-Hungary is without a mon- ument that is worthy of the list. The most elaborate one is a bronze statue mon- ument of Marie Therese. in Vienna. Greece, a country of architectural tri- umphs in the past, is without a monument to-day except those old columns of the Temple of Jupiter and the temples on the acropolis. Bruno Schmitz and Rudolph Schwarz. The architect of the Indiana Soldiers and Sailors' Monument is Bruno Schmitz, of Berlin, and the- sculptor who has done more than any other in the designing and execution of the groups that decorate thi structure is Rudolph Schwarz, of In- dianapolis. In addition to being architect of the Monument, Schmitz designed the large War and Peace groups on the east and west side of the Monument and the candelabra. Schwarz designed, modeled and executed the four soldier figures and the War and Peace groups over the foun- tains, and he and architect Bohn, of this city, designed the bronze doors. Bruno Schmitz was born in Duesseldorf in 1859. His first work was done in Dues- seldorf and Leipsic. At first he was a contractor. In 1SS7 he moved to Berlin, where his life as an architect began. He competed for the Victor Emmanuel monu- ment, erected in Italy, and won first prize with his plans, but did not do the work. He was then about twenty-six years old. In the same year he entered into com- petition with plans for the Indiana Sol- diers and Sailors' Monument. He won first prize on the design and was ap- pointed supervising architect, together Schmitz's monuments are all elaborate structures, composed with reference to the landscape. Rudolph Schwarz, who has worked on some of Schmitz's monuments in Europe, says that the Indianapolis Monument is the only one, excepting two or three small ones, built in a city. Most of them are built on mountains or on the banks of rivers. The sculpture work is only used to ornament the architectural design. As a general rule, Schmitz's mon- uments are very large. The Kyffhaueser monument is about 300 feet square at the base and about 100 feet high. The Leipsic monument will be of about the same size. Schmitz was the chief architect of the THE PEACE GROUP. with Frederick Baumann, of Chicago, who had charge of the technical supervision. He won. in lss'.i. first prize for the na- tional monument at Berlin. In 1S90 he won first prize and executed the Emperor Will- iam monument at Kyffhaueser, which was the tribute of the old soldiers' societies of Germany. This monument stands on a mountain top and is regarded as one of Schmitz's greatest works. Later he designated and executed Em- peror William monuments in Westphalia, at Coblentz, in Rhein province, and at Halle and Muenster. Schmitz is now working on a monument for the battlefield of Leipsic. where Napoleon was defeated. Trades Exposition at Berlin in 1896. Rudolph Schwarz, sculptor, was born in Vienna in 1S65. He studied in the Vienna Art Academy. In 1888 he went to Berlin, where he worked in several studios and became acquainted with Bruno Schmitz. He worked on the Kyffhaueser and other monuments designed by Schmitz, and in 1897 accepted from Schmitz the position of supervising sculptor of the large side groups, War and Peace, of the Indiana Soldiers and Sailors' Monument. After finishing this work, Schwarz, in 1S99, competed for the soldier figures and fountain groups, and won in both compe- titions. The Story of the Great Monument's Beginning Who first gave birth to the Idea of erecting a State monument to the soldiers of Indiana who fought in ih<> civil wai not known, but as early as the fore pari Of 1886 the matter was agitated in some of the newspapers. The first one In official life to advocate such a structure was Oliver P. Morton. He had been the "great war Governor," and gave much of the inspiration to the soldiers who went forth from the State. that led them to win imperishable honors ■ in the field. In his public speeches and in his messages to the Legislature, he was constantly praising the soldiery and calling upon the people to remember their devotion. The war of the rebellion practically ended in May, 1S65, and in November of that year an extra session of the Legis- lature was held. In his message at that time. Governor Morton thus referred to the American soldiers: American Soldier's Patriotism. "The war has established, upon im- perishable foundations, the great funda- mental truth of the unity and individual- ity of the nation. * * * It has also established, to he confessed by all the world, the exalted character of the American soldier, his matchless valor, his self-sacrificing patriotism, his capacity to endure fatigues and hardships, and his humanity, which in the midst of car- nage, has wreathed his victorious achieve- ments with a brighter glory. "He has taught the world a lesson be- fore which it stands in amazement, how. when the storm of battle has passed, he could lay aside his arms, put off the habiliments of war, and return with cheerfulness to the gentle pursuits of peace, and show how the bravest of soldiers could become the best of citi- zens. To the army and navy, under the favor of Providence, we owe the preser- vation of our country, and the fact that we have, to-day a place, and the proudest place, among the nations. Let it not be said of us, as it was said in olden time, that 'Republics are ungrateful.' Let us honor the dead, cherish the living, and preserve in immortal memory the deeds and virtues of all, as an inspiration for countless generations to come." Inspired the Suggestion. He did not directly suggest the erection of a monument, but the papers taking what he said as an inspiration, once more began urging that the State should erect something that would tell to future gen- erations the story of the civil war and the part played therein by Indiana. At the opening of the regular session of the Legislature in 1S67, Governor Morton once more referred to the heroic sacrifices of Indiana soldiers, and this time openly urged the building of a monument. On this he said: "The board of trustees cf Crown Hill cemetery, situated two miles from this city, donated a sufficient and beautiful part of the cemetery for the burial of Union soldiers who died in the hospitals and camps at this place, and such as might be brought from elsewhere. The Government of the United States, repre- sented by General Ekin. accepted the donation and agreed to pay the Crown Hill Cemetery Association the sum of $5,000, to be expended in the improve- ment of the grounds, and the dead have already been removed from the places where they were first laid and burled in tho new cemetery. "In this cemetery there is a high hill, quite overlooking the city, and I recom- mend that upon this hill the State erect a monument in memory of her brave sol- diers who perished in the rebellion. We can not pay too much honor to the mem- ory of the men who died for their coun- try. This monument, overlooking all the country around, would be the first ob.iect to greet the eye of the traveler as he approaches the capital, and in the lan- guage of the great Webster, when he laid the corner stone of the Bunker Hill mon- ument at Boston, 'Let it rise! let it rise! till it meets the sun in its coming; let the earliest light of the morning gild it, and parting day linger and play upon its summit.' To this monument each county in the State should be requested to con- tribute one block, bearing such inscription as it might choose, in commemoration of its dead and the part it bore in the war." Met with Opposition. The project of erecting a State monu- ment was thus fully launched, but at once it met with much opposition. This oppo- sition arose from several causes. Many of those who favored the project objected to the place suggested for it. claiming that at Crown Hill it would not be accessible readily to the people of tne State who visited the capital; that it would be so far from the city that few would ever visit it. It must be remembered that at that time Indianapolis had no such thing as a rapid transit system, and all visitors to Crown Hill had to go in private con- veyances or on foot. This objection found great weight, and of itself precluded any favorable action upon the suggestion of the Governor. It was then proposed to erect it at some point in Indianapolis, but that proposition started another line of opposition. Many of the members from other parts of the State were exceedingly jeal- ous of anything that would tend to beautify the city. The prop- osition called forth many bitter speeches in the Legislature, and more bit- ter articles in the rural press. Indiana- it was said, had grown fat out of the war, and had been nourished at the expense of the State. There were some ii" mbers of the Legislature who had not forgotten the animosities of the war, and would not give aid to anything which looked like a glorification of the armies of the Union; but. had it not been i"r the jealousy oi Indianapolis, it is possible the movement to erect a State monument would have succeeded, notwithstanding the opposition of the ultra-friends of the South. A Broader View. There were those who objected to thi proposition to erect a monument simply to tu, dead. They took a broader view of the subject, and insisted that it should be to the living as well as the dead; to the object for which they fought. As one newspaper writer of the day said: "If we build a monument at all, let it be to a restored Union, teaching the lesson of love to the Union; that liberty and Union were indeed one and inseparable. It should not be to the dead alone, nor to the living alone, but in memory of the fact that when the life of the Union was threat- ened, more than 200,000 of the sons of Indiana offered to give up their lives, if necessary, to establish that Union en an imperishable foundation, while those who remained at home gave without stint of their substance to furnish the sinews of war and to care for those who bore the brunt of battle." The effort at that time ended in talk. The members of the Legislature talked and the newspapers talked, but the scheme was not forgotten, and every once in a while at some reunion of the old vet- erans it would again be discussed. Many projects for raising the necessary funds without an appeal again to the Legisla- ture were suggested from time to time, but nothing came of them. In 1875 a grand reunion of the veterans was held at Indianapolis, and in the enthusiasm of the moment a resolution was adopted to organize a "Monumental Association" for the purpose of raising money for the pro- posed monument, and about $1,000 was subscribed and paid in. A scheme for raising money by public subscription lists was formulated. an6 for a few weeks the old soldiers and the papers were enthusiastic, but all came to nought. The $1,000 was laid away, and all efforts ceased. In 1S77 Governor Morton died, and once more the question of erect- ing a grand monument blazed forth. The most popular suggestion was to raise a fund of at least $100,000 to erect a grand memorial nail in the Circle, where the present monument stands. In this hall waa to he placed a statue of Governor Morton, while the remaining space should be used as a sort of State war museum, wherein should be kept the battle flags and other mementoes of the great strug- gle. So great was the enthusiasm at the time that it looked for a while as if this project would be successful, but it soon died away, and the friends of the dead Governor raised the funds to erect the which now stands south •> M iment. Ii wis originally placed in the center of the Circle, but was removed to give place to the. Monument. i Ited for about seven when Gen. James R. Carnahan took hold of it, in 1SS4. He was then de- partment commander of the G. A. R. He consulted some of the members of that organization and drafted articles of incorporation for the Department of the Grand Army, specifying in the articles that the principal object of the incor- poration was to raise funds, receive gifts and donations for the purpose of erecting a monument to the Indiana "soldiers of the Union from 1861 to 1S65." He per- fected this incorporation and reported it to the encampment held in February of 1884. This gave substance and cohesion to the monument question, and a committee, consisting of General Carnahan, George J. Langsdale, D. C. McCollum, George W. Johnson and Thomas W. Bennett, was appointed to prepare a scheme for raising the necessary funds and to push the mat- ter to a successful conclusion. The com- mitter organized by piect'nsr Georsre J. Langsdale chairman and General Carna- han secretary. To this committee was turned over the $1,000 raised in 1S75, and this was the beginning of the fund. General Carnahan's Work. General Carnahan was the moving spirit of the committee, and prepared a circular addressed to the veterans and to the peo- ple, urging subscriptions. From the rem- nant of his old regiment, the Eighty- sixth, he raised about $100. He appealed to the commissioners of the counties, and several responded by voting $100 each to prepare memorial stones for their coun- ties. A grand concert was given in In- dianapolis at the opening of Tomlinson Hall, in May, 1SS5, which netted the fund $5,229.10. The late William H. English gave $1,000, and the commissioners of Ma- rion county voted $10,000. Other subscrip- tions were received until the sum on hand reached $21,380. General Carnahan and his fellow-workers in the cause then felt that the whole thing would fail unless State aid could be received. They did not slacken their efforts, however, but while asking subscriptions, turned their atten- tion to inducing the two leading parties to declare in favor of a State appropriation. The Republican convention was the first to assemble in 1SS6, and the second plank in its platform reads as follows: "We favor an appropriation by the Legislature for the erection of a suitable monument to the memory of the loyal and brave sons of Indiana, who gave their lives to save the republic." Six weeks later the Demo- crats held their convention and came out a little stronger than their opponents. Their resolution was as follows: "That it is due to the memory of the brave sons of Indiana, who gave their lives for the preservation of the Government, that a suitable monumrnt should be erected at the capital of the State, and for that pur- pose we ask of the General Assembly a liberal appropriation." These declarations of the two leading parties launched the matter into politics and the committee of the G. A. R. let the question rest until after the election. They were sure that there would be no party opposition to the project, and that what- ever opposition there might be would be from individual members. After the election they took steps to reduce what- ever opposition there might be to the minimum, so they procured the adoption of resolutions asking the passage of an act for the erection of the Monument, by every Grand Army Post in the State. The Sons of Veterans and the Women's Relief Corps joined in this method of influencing legislation. The committee had prepared a bill, and soon after the meeting of the General Assembly it was introduced into each House. Then the resolutions adopted by the G. A. R. posts began to flow in a steady stream. Very little actual opposition to the passage of the bill was manifested, but kept postponing the consideration of the bill until the Senate had acted. The bill passed the Senate with little or no op- position, and it was sent to the House, which practically did away with the House bill. Then came a struggle which very near- ly prevented the bill becoming a law. The Senate and House were not on very good terms, and soon the relations between the two became so strained that all inter- course ceased. There had been an elec- tion of a L'cutenant-Governor at a time when no Lieutenant-Governor was to be elected. Both parties had joined in the preliminary skirmish at the polls, when THE WAR GROUP. the leaders of the two parties could not resist the temptation to make political, or rather party capital out of it, if pos- sible. The Senate was Democratic and the House Republican. It was supposed that whichever party passed the bill first would acquire some political advantage thereby, so both bodies were eager, but the Democrats of the Senate out-gen- eraied the Republicans of the House. In this they were aided by their party brethren in the House, who, by sundry devices known to legislative legerdemain, the Democrats got the worst of it, the Republican candidate being declared elected. No one had seriously believed that a Lieutenant-Governor could be legal- ly elected at that time, notwithstanding the Attorney-General of the State had given an opinion favoring such an elec- tion, but both parties concluded to see the joke out, for fear the other might, by some process, make what newspapers call a "scoop," so they nominated candi- dates, made a canvass, and the election resulted, as said, in favor of the Repub- licans. The Democrats had not exhaust- ed their resources, but held a card for the last play. Just before the close of the session of 1SS5, the Hon. A. G. Smith, Senator from Jennings county, had been elected pres- ident pro tem. of the Senate. It was true that under the constitution his election was of no force, and whatever authority it gave him, died when the session of lssa ended, but it was good enough for the Democrats, and they claimed that he was the only presiding officer of the Senate, and they refused to recognize the validity of the election of the Republican dldate for Lieutenant-Governor. Tried a Bluff. This was a "raise" on the Republicans they had not been looking for, and they thought they would try a bluff, so a day or two after the Monument bill had been • ut over from the Senate, the Republii an majority In tne i-iouse guieinmy deemred by resolution that trom that day Hence- forth forever, they would not recognize the Senate in any way until it would re- ci Ive the Republican Lieutenant-Governor. It looked as if this wouiu stop all legis- i , as thi House would neither receive bills from, or transmit them to, the sen- ate, and lor a day or two the House uid nothing. Then the tact thai the Monu- ment bill was pending before it was re- membered, and it became patent that the oldiers were becoming restive, and .hreateneu revolt unless the bill was passed. Without thought ot what would jecome of the bill when passed the House took it up for consideration. There was not much debate, but a few members who were of the economical order, proceeded to make speeches. The Democratic mem- beta of the House enjoyed the situation, and helped to make it worse by earnestly advocating the passage of the bill. Final- ly it was brought to a vote, and 1 1 wilh little opposition. A Puzzling Question. What lo dp with the bill was then the puzzling question. ft could not be re- turned to the Senate for enrollment, un- der the deadlock resolu.ion, and if once In the hands of the Senate the House would not again receive it for the signa- ture of the Speaker. The clerk o£ the House took it upon himself to have it en- rolled by his own force, it was present- ed to the Speaker, who at first refused to sign it, on the plea that it would be rec- ognizing the Senate contrary to the order of the House, but presently he and others of the Republican leaders thought they saw an opportunity of putting the Demo- cratic Governor in a political "nine hole," so the Speaker signed it, and had the re- d Lieutenant-Governor put his signa- ture to it as President of Uic Senate, in this condition it was sent to the Gov. rnor. The Governor did not tarry long over the matter, but returned it to the House with a message calling attention to the fact that it did not bear the signature of the person recognized by the Senate as its presiding officer. When the Governor's secretary got to that part of the message he was stopped by the Speaker, who re- fused to receive either the message or the act. because the message contained a ref- erence to a body the House did not recog- nize as having any legal existence. The Re- publicans thought they had a joke on the Governor, and when the secretary retired laughed heartily over the prompt ruling of the Speaker, but the Governor was not at the end of his resources. When the House took its usual noon recess he quiet- ly sent a messenger to the Hall with in- structions to deposit the enrolled act on sk of the clerk. This put the Republican leaders all at a again, and they began to realize the Shuttle-cock game was not all on one side. While the discussion was going on, the clerk took the act under his arm and visited the Governor. That officer stat- ed his objection, the signature of the pri ident of Hie Senate was obtained, and the Governor then approved the bill. In June following these monument com- missioners wire appointed: Samuel B. Voyles, of Salem; D. C. McCollum, of Laporte; Geo. vV. Johnson and Daniel M. Ran sdell. of Indiana nulls, and Geoi gi I Langsdale, of Greencastle. The commis- sioners met on the 28th of June and or- ganized by electing George J. Langsdale president and James F. Gookin secretary. ' Ine of the first things the board did was to ask from a number of reputable architects sketches of what would be de- irable, that they might aid the commis- sioners in selecting a design when the time came. Richard M. Hunt, of New York; George R. Post, New York; Van Brunt & Howe, Boston; Cabot & Chand- ler, Boston; Burnham & Root, Chicago; Frederick Banmann, Chicago; James W. McLaughlin, Cincinnati; Adolph Scherrer, Indianapolis, and Peabody & Stearnes, St. Louis, responded to the request and presented many valuable suggestions. To aid them in making a selection the board appointed as experts Prof. William R. Ware, of Columbia College, New York; Gen. Thomas A. Morris, of Indianapolis, and Prof. John L. Campbell, of Wabash College. Seventy Designs Submitted. Before designs were asked for the com- missioners prepared a short monograph of Indiana history, accompanied by a map of Indianapolis and a diagram of the site selected for the Monument. These, with a general outline of the proposed work, were sent to architects in all parts of the world and designs asked for, to be submitted by the 12th of December, 1887. This date was afterward changed to I uary 12, ISS8. £ > were sub- mitted. i be commissions ran against a stum- bling block almost at the very beginning 01 i heir labors. They found that no I of the State were at onto available for lg the expenses of the preliminary work of obtaining a design, but thi led for their receiving from the G. A. R. the funds that had been raised by it, so they called upon that body for and this fund was paid over, or at least enough of it to aid them over their dif- ficulty. A design having been decided upon, bids for putting in the foundation were advertised for, and on the 3d of May, 1888, a contract was let. Work was . almost Immediately, but it was not until Augo:. i i 9, ready for laying the cornel This lmpoi feature took place on the 22d of August, 1889, with elaborati cet emonles, Contract for the Shaft. The contract for the erection of the shaft was let on Decembei 30, 1889, the Terre Haute Stone-Works Company bt- ing the successful bidder, its bid being $139,600. The commii loners and con- tractor hoped and expected that the work would be rapidly pushed t,o a conclusion, but one delay after another occurred. Sometimes the delay was occasioned by the inability to gel toni tast enough, other times owing to wrangles among the commissioners, and between the com- missioners and the contractor. Before the shaft was finally completed the mlssloners began asking for designs lor the crowning iigure, which, according to i in- design oi Bruno Schmitz, was to be a bronze female figuri , repri nting, some said, the Goddi oi Liberty, while oth- ' claimed it was to be symbolli ai oJ Indiana. After much tribulation thi di sign and bid oi George i. Brewster, ol land, O., were accepted. When placed in position the figure was the n cipient of much criticism. The newspa- pers grew facetious over the putting of a bird on her head. The jokes perpi trati I at the expense of the commissioners brought forth some very angry retorts from members of that body, but after a while joking ceased and the figure with the bird still crowns the shaft. Constructing the foundation and build- ing the shalt used up ail of the money appropriated by the Legislature, and a suit was instituted to test the right of the commissioners to go beyond the ap- propriation. The shaft had to be orna- mented, and as the commissioners were fearful the Legislature would refuse to make another appropriation, they thought they would sound Congress as to the prob- ability of getting JGU.ouo from that body. The shaft and the cascades being com- pleted, and Indiana towering aloft in the sunshine and gale, it remained to com- plete the groups for the east and west sides. Before this, however, there had been so much wrangling among the com- missioners that the Gem mbly thought best to get rid of them by lating them out of olliee and creating a board of regents, who should have charge of the completion of the work. By this time the cost of the work had been double what had been estimated in Hie beginning, and Hie Monument was far trom completion. Designs for the four groups and for the eight candelabra, were finally selected, and the work slowly proceeded. An act of the Legislature passed at the session of i!)01 provided that the powers ot the board of regents should cease on the 1st of November of that year, and a board of control should succeed. By that time the work was completed, and the regents turned the Monument over to the new board. "THE SCENE OI "HE DEDICATION Indiana Soldiers the First and Last Killed in the War Indiana soldiers fired the first and the last infantry volleys and made the flrsl and lasl charges ol thi i ivil war for the preservation of the Union; Indiana fur and last victims of that terrible earnagre of blood. The dawn ol a daj April ::. 1861— had jjst begun i" lilt ever Philippi, W. Va., when a volley from the guns of Company B, Seventh Indiana, was seal crashing after wearers of the gray. It was a vol- ley that echoed and re-echoed for four long years, and a deluge of blood and a hurricane of destruction followed in its wake. It was the first volley of the first battle of the war. anil in that battle the first charge was made by Indiana regi- ments. There was a lull, and then came the crash at Laurel Hill, quickly followed bj Ifig Bethel, Rich Mountain and Gar- re I. - Ford, where Robert E. Lee, peer- less warrior of the South, was elevated to command by a bullet from an Indiana sol- dier—Sergeant Burlingame — that bore down Gen. Roberl Garret, the highest officer of ihe South. And then, as though an avalanche of fury had brok- en loose, war broke out overall the South, and it was four years before the Thirty- fourth Indiana, for the I nion, sacrificed the last man and fired the last volley on the distant, sun-baked, cactus plain of the Rio i irande. According to the official records and those compiled by Adjutant-General Ter- rell, the first Union soldier to be killed utright in legitimate battle was W. T. Gerard, who enlisted at Delphi, from Jas- et county, for the three months' service. Me was assigned to Company G, Ninth Indiana Regiment. He was killed in action at Laurel Hill, July 7, 1861. His body now rests in Lafayette or Delphi, and on his t em I is tone is si t forth the fact that he was ihe first I 'nion soldier to be killed in bat- tle during the war of 1861-5. This state- ment ef the fact has been, and will be, attacked tirs; by Massachusetts veter- second, by veterans of the Seventh and He Eleventh Indiana regiments, and eai h one, in his contention for the honor, has some grounds. Killed in a Riot. Four Massachusetts volunteers were killed in the streets of Baltimore in April, 1861, and private Arthur Ladd was the first man killed at that time, but the Bal- timore affair has never, by any historian, in en regarded in the light of legitimate warfare, or a part of the civil war. It has always been caled a riot preliminary i.i the great contest. History dates I lie civil war from Philippi, .line 3 li is irue that Charles Degner, of Ohio county, Company 1, Seventh Indiana Reg- iment, ami John C. Hollenbeck, Marion county, ef the Eleventh Regiment, were tin first killed after recognized warfare began, and prior to G rard's fatality, lint neither was killed in battle Degner killed While nil pickel dUl v lie. ii I'llil- Juni 15 I le was picked off by sharpshooters and there is in his death an additional honor for Indiana, for his was the first blood from a mortal wound thai, for the Union, stained a battlefield. Colonel Kelly, of the First West Virginia, had been wounded and removed from the field ai Philippi mi ihe early morning of June 3, but his wound was not fatal. Twelve days later, Hollenbeck, a member of an Eleventh Indiana Regiment's scout- ing detail, met his death at Kelly's island, but he was murdered in cold blood. He had been Wounded, was captured, and was taken to a farmhouse, where he was laid out with Confederate wounded on a porch. When about to be overtaken, i In Confederates tried to move him, but, finding him too weak, they ran him through with a bayonet, and this was done by Confederates other than his cap- tors, for they were cavalry men. They were joined by a company of infantry, equipped with bayonets, after the skir- mish, and an infantryman killed Hollen- beck. That was June 27. He was buried at Cumberland, Md., where his body re- mains Other Indiana Sacrifices. The next day, July 8, after Gerard fell in battle, John R. Smith, of Company C, Seventh Indiana Regiment, was killed in a skirmish. He was from Shelbyville. Two days later John Auten, of St. Joseph county, was killed. These were the first of Indiana's sacrifices and the first three —Degner, Hollenbeck and Gerard— were the first victims of the entire Union army in the four years' war. Dyson Boothroyd, of Carroll county, received wounds at Laurel Hill from which he died a week later. The only other fatalities to Indiana soldiers, on the battlefield, during the three months' service for which they were then enlisted, were at Rich moun- tain. The fatality list there included: Sergt. James A. Taggart and private R. R. Erenga. both cf Tippecanoe county, and Samuel Yocum, of Clay county, all of the Tenth Regiment, and Joseph Beck, mi Madison county; Philander Wisehart, of Henry county, and James A. Emmett, of Wabash county. members of the Eighth Regiment. M. M. Stevenson, a ser- geant, of Hancock county, died July 20, ami James H. McGill, of Putnam county, July 27, of wounds received at Red moun- tain, which, for the Union side at least, was the first bloody engagement. It was the first decisive stand of the Confederacj , There were twelve other diaths in the Indiana three months' service, but they were from other causes— fever, diseases and accidents. Twenty-four Indiana sol- diers were wounded in this service, but recovered and were mustered out. But one— John Neeb, of Allen county, Com- pany E. Ninth Indiana— was captured. That was on July 18, near Bealington. Last Union Soldier Killed. Jeff Williams, of Huntington, a. private in Company B, Thirty-fourth Indiana, was dropped in his tracks at about 4 o'clock on the afternoon of May 13, 1865, ..ii th. cactus plain of Palmetto ranch, on the Rio Grande frontier, and he was the last Union soldier to die in the great struggle that ended as the sun went down on that disastrous field for the Union troops. There can be no controversy over this claim. The battle was fought a month after peace had been declared between the North and the South. The Thirty- fourth Indiana and a Wisconsin regi- ment had been sent to the Mexican fron- tier, and camped on island Brazos, San- tiago, and their position, as well as that of the enemy, on the sand plains, had been such that on May 12 neither had heard of the unconditional surrender of the Southern arms. Colonel Barrett, of Wisconsin, who had never been in a real brush with the enemy, was in command. It is claimed that he planned the battle of May 13 solely for the experience and his own glorification. There was no rea- son for making the attack and nothing to be gained. The troops were ordered to the mainland during the night and made a forced march through cactus that reached to their knees and tore their clothing and frightfully lacerated their legs. They came on the enemy in the morning, and followed them until after noon, when Colonel Barrett withdrew for dinner. While the troops were eating, thi Con- federates fell on them. In order to hold back the rush until the Union troops could form a line. Colonel Barrett threw out a line of seventy-two skirmishers, taken almost entirely from Company B, of the Thirty-fourth Indiana, that was mustered from eastern Indiana under the command of Capt, John O. Hardest; v. wiio still lives at Anderson. Strange as it may seem, Colonel Barrett had no use for the enemy when he was face to face with them, and he began a hasty retreat, leaving the- skirmishers to their fate. In that retreat of the skirmishers as the rear guard, Williams, who was one of the seventy-two, was dropped in his tracks. John Smith, the Indiana color-bearer, had to jump into the Rio Grande, and, under fire, swim in order to save his flag. Lieu- tenant-Colonel Morrison, of Huntington county, Indiana, was in command of the squad, and Barrett, seized with fear and wishing to save himself, ordered Morrison to surrender his men. Morrison sent back the last defiant reply of the war: "Col. Barrett, I will see you in hell first." He brought his men safely to camp. It was the finale ot bl ished. The Long and Short of It. The tallest man was Capt. Van Buskirk, ol the Twenty-seventh Indiana Volun- teers, who measured 82% inches, or 6 foot 10y 2 inches in his bare feet. The shortest man was a member of the One-hundred- and-ninety-second Ohio Volunteers, who measured 40 inches, or 3 feet 4 inches. In long, tiresome marches the tall men generally gave out first. The small men generally were all there at night when the roll was called. INDIANA'S BRIGADIER-GENERAL KILLED IN THE CIVIL WAR. THE only general officer from Indiana killed in the war of the rebellion was Brigadier-General Pleasant A. llackleman, killled at Corinth, October 3. 1862, while gallantly leading his brigade against the enemy. General Hack- leman was born on the 15th of November, 1S14, in Franklin county. That was when Indiana was still a Territory and the frontier of the country. After his marriage he studied law. and was admitted to the bar in 1S37, making Rushville his home. He became very popular with the people, and was ranked as one of the foremost lawyers in that section of the State. He served his county twice in the Legislature, and was for eight years clerk of the Circuit Court of Rush county. In 1S61 ho was appointed one of the delegates to the peace convention, held at Washington. When the war came, he offered his services to Governor Morten, and in May, 1861, was appointed colonel of the Sixteenth Indiana Regiment. In April, 18G2, lie was promoted brigadier-general and assigned to duty in the West. He im- mediately reported to General Halleck, at Pittsburg Landing, and served with that army until killed in battle. At the battle of Corinth his brigade was hotly engaged, when reinforcements came to his help. In swinging into line, the rein- forcements fell into confusion, and then broke. It was while attempting to rally them and lead them back into the battle that General Hackleman fell, mor- tally Wounded. To those who came to his assistance as he fell, he said: "If we are victorious, send my body home; if not, bury me on the field." The Union forces were victorious, and his body was sent home. Indiana's First Brigadier-General Is 90 Gen. Thomas A. Morris, of Indianapolis, to Whom the Greater Part of Success of the West Virginia Campaign Was Due. The first brigadier-general appointed fiom Indiana was Thomas A. Morris, of Indianapolis, who is yet living at the age of ninety years. This brigade consisted of si\ 1 igiments, all organized in the days following the firing on Ft. Sumter and between that event and the 27th of April, 186L At that time he was described as a man "so tuiiet, so grave, so almost stolid in countenance and demeanor that the eye Of fhe observer after resting with pleasure on the colonels of his brigade, all younger mi n than the brigade commander, might lun to him with something like displeas- ure — displeasure, however, to be turned away by a sure if slow recognition of the reserved power in the steady eye, of the gentleness and modesty eye and lip alike express." He had stood high as a West Point stu- dent, being mentioned with honor in the report of the graduating class of 1834. He had left soon after graduating to en- gage in great engineering enterprises in Indiana in the period of public improve- ments, and later had been a factor in the building and management of railroads. His operations in the field began at Graf- ton, W. Va. The first engagement in which members of his command took part was a little fight on June 3 at Philippi. W. Va. With an insufficient force, ham- pered and hindered in every way, with re inforcements refused, with supplies di- nted, he was prevented from pushing the campaign as he so ardently desired. The Confederates were thoroughly well ■d with the obstacles placed in the W&1 of General Morris's movements. Among the engagements in which mem- bers of his brigade took part were little fights at Kelly's island, June 26; Rich Mountain, July 11, and Carrick's Ford, July 12. General Harnett, of the Confed- erate forces, was killed in the last named fight. About forty wagons and teams were captured in the pursuit that fol- lowed as well as the colors of every Con- federate regiment that was engaged. Ac- cording to the official report, the Union loss on July 12 and 13 was thirteen killed and forty wounded. The loss of the Con- federates was not far from two hundred killed and wounded, one thousand taken prisoners, all the baggage and seven guns. The lowest number of Confederates engaged at Carrick's Ford was 4,000, while only 1,800 of the Union troops were up in time to take part. Where Garnett was killed but six hundred were engaged. Tin v were members of the Seventh Indi- ana, Col. Ebenezer Dumont. "The laurels won in the West Virginia campaign," said Miss Catherine Merrill in her book, "The Soldier of Indiana in the War for the Union," "were not di- vided. The name of Morris does not occur in McClelland's reports. The na- tion, rejoiced in its hour of need to find a great man, did not criticise nor doubt, but confidingly placed the laurel wreath upon the offered head. Morris, who, in spite of the restraint laid upon him by his slow and strategical superior, had shown himself quick, skilful and prudent, and had won th. greater part of the success unaided, made no attempt to gain public attention. He quietly withdrew to the duties of civil life. His Indil friends obtained for him at length, from the seemingly unwilling Government, the position of major-general, but could not induce its acceptance." Stories As Seen In the Muster Roll. By . M. PAVER. The historian finds the muster rolls of valuable information. He finds the names of regiments that were in battle, the movements of brigades and divisions and corps. He finds what regiments did the fighting, which were in the reserve, which were in the first lines of battle, which led the assault and which stood in the breach. The long columns of names marked as killed tell how well they stood in action. Killed, July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg; one thinks of Pickett's charge, or other inci- dents of that histotric field. The visions of Little Round Top; the wheat field; the Devil's Den; the assault on Cemetery hill. Killed, December 13, 1S62, at Mayre's hights (Fredericksburg). We think of that fierce charge through the town of Freder- icksburg. The charge on the rebels in their intrenchments. The terrible slaugh- ter of Meagher's New York Irish Brigade. We have recently passed over this his- toric battlefield and viewed the surround- ings with a critical eye. Killed, at Chancellorsville, May 2, 1S63. Here rises a picture in the battles of the Union. The famous order of General Hooker: "We have found the enemy and they are ours." The march: the rain; the river; the pontoons; the chancellor's house; the forest; the artillery battle that made the earth tremble for three days and nights. The movement of Stonewall Jackson to the right of our line; the as- sault and surprise and the stampede of the Eleventh Corps are all painful re- minders of this contest. When a Corps Broke and Ran. If there was any engagement during the war that I was an actor in, this one is particularly impressed upon my mem- ory. In this engagement the whole army corps became demoralized and stampeded. I will ask you, comrades, if any of you had such an experience or were a part of such. If not, God be praised. The Eleventh Corps broke and ran. It was no fault of the enlisted men. It was th< utter disregard to orders of the general officer in command. He had been cau- tioned that an attack would undoubtedly be made on our extreme right. Disregard- ing this, he allowed the men to stack arms, unsling knapsacks, make coffee and play cards, when they should have been in line of battle. These are undis- puted facts. We of the Eleventh Corps were brought up to arrest the retreating men. It was a terrible scene — 30,000 reb- els under "Stonewall" Jackson rushing on 12,000 men of the Eleventh Corps, pour- ing shot and shell into them; horses running wild without riders; rodm parrots and napoleon guns lying i and there all over the field; caisson with one, sometimes two horses, going pell- mell, helter-skelter, regardless of results. An Exchanged Prisoner. Died September 15, 1862, while en route from Fortress Monroe to Washington, D. C, an exchanged prisoner of war taken at Port Republic, Va., June 9, 1S62. Here, my friends, is something to think of. Wounded, not alone disabled, bleeding and sore, an exchanged prisoner, return- ing from that damnable black spot on earth — Andersonville prison. The tortures of this hellish bastile endured for months, and there on the very threshold of his house. The thoughts of home, the pleas- ures to come, dies en route after being exchanged. Great God! And still some begrudge the widows and orphans the small pittance passed out over the coun- ter of the pension office. Wounded at the assault on Lookout Mountain, November 24. 1S63. afterward died. Look at that frowning perpendicu- lar wall of limestone. Think of Hooker's advance from Bridgeport to Wauhatchie through the Lookout valley and the move- ment open to the observation of the ene- my. Thoughts of winding around the palisades on the mountain side of this wall of limestone, under the very muzzles of the rebel guns. Climbing over boulders and ledges, up hill and down bill, driving the enemy from their stronghold in des- peration and agony. Look back thirty- nine years and see the smoke of Hooker's storming party; hear the roar of artillery and the cracking of musketry. The very foundation of that solid rock quaked un- der this influence. Treacherous Waters. See the treacherous waters of the Ten- nessee, where many a poor comrade found a watery grave. See the artillery contest at Moccasin Point. Witness the annihila- tion of wagon trains, laden with provis- ions, en route to feed the hungry soldiers and the starving mules. This was the opening of the cracker line. Killed, at Appomattox. April 9. 1S65: and one sees a dead cavalryman, who, falling in that closing battle of the war, died with home and victory in sight. These are some remarks that will con- front any who looks up the records of his regiment. And so it goes on. There are- no war stories that can equal the stories of the muster roll. They are facts. There are interesting and sad records as well. Eighteen States have printed muster-out rolls of their regiments, which they fur- nished to the Union army. The names of every man who served from these States are preserved. Their records are herein transmited, and the generations to come will find a proud heritage. The Dedicatory Exercises and Parade of Veterans AVith imposing ceremonies the Indiana State Soldiers and Sailors' Monument was formally dedicated on Thursday, May 15, 1902. The exercises were witnessed by a vast assemblage of people from all parts of Indiana, and by many persons of note from outside the State. A large platform, seating 1,800, was placed at the north side of the Monument, facing North Meridian street. Here the dedicatory services took place. A few minutes after 10 o'clock in the morning Governor Winfield T. Durbin called the audience to order. A prayer wis offered by the Rev. D. R. Lucas, of Indianapolis, past chaplain-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic. The presiding officer was Alaj.-Gen. Lew Wallace, of Crawfordsville, who delivered an address notable for its simplicity and eloquence. A chorus of 200 male voices, consisting of members of the Maennerchor, Dieder- kranz and Musikverein, accompanied by the Indianapolis Military Band, sang "The Star Spangled Banner," under the direction of Franz Bellinger. Mai. Gustavus V. Menzies, a member of tin board of control, delivered an address on behalf of the board, presenting the Monument to the State. The address of acceptance was delivered by Governor AVinfield T. Durbin. who at the close asked the Department of Indiana, Grand Army of the Republic, to take charge of the dedicatory ritualisti. service. The rit- ualistic service was conducted by Depart- ment Commander Benjamin Starr, of Richmond. The chorus sang the "Battle Hymn of the Republic." This was followed by the dedication oration by Gen. John W. Pos- ter, of Washington, D. C, formerly secre- tary of State and noted in the country's diplomatic service in recent years. James Whitcomb Riley read a poem composed for the occasion entitled "The Soldier." The chorus sang "America" and the dedicatory exercises closed with a benediction by the department chaplain of the Grand Army of the Republic, Isaac P. AVatts. of Winchester. Preceding the dedicatory exercises at the Monument there was a parade of the flags, the survivors of Indiana regiments in the Mexican, civil and Spanish-Amer- ican wars marching under the colors that are preserved in the State Museum. In the afternoon, after the dedicatory services, there was a parade of the Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Indiana, the Black Hawk Naval Veter- ans' Association, German-American vet- erans of the civil war, the Persimmon Brigade, civil war veterans not includ- ed in the foregoing organization. Span- ish-American war soldiers, soldiers of the Philippine war. Boys' Brigade of the First Christian church, Father Matthew Boys' Brigade, and separate military or- ganizations. The Indiana National Guard and the governor and staff acted as es- cort to the Grand Army and ex-soldiers. At 5:30 o'clock in the evening there were vesper services at the Monument. The vet- erans were addressed by Gen. Ell Tor- rance, of Minnesota, commander-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic. Christ church chimes rang out, "Onward, Chris- tian Soldiers," and "Soldiers, Rest, Thy AA'arfare's O'er," and the Christ church vested choir sang "My Country, 'Tis of Thee." At S o'clock in the evening, patriotic meetings at Tomlinson Hall and Eng- lish's Opera House closed the ceremonies of the day. A feature of these last exercises was the music by boys' bands —the Soldiers' Orphans' band, from a State institution, and The Indianapolis News' Newsboys band. Address by Presiding Officer, Maj.-Gen'l Lew Wallace Indiana is the happy mother of many men. Her schools, her privileges ami 1 1 1 + - opportunities she offers are maintained for them— one not more than another. With all, however, she acknowledge partiality; which is saying she ha warmest place in her great heart, and thai some of her children are in posses- sion of it. There have been three wars .since Indi- ana was admitted into the Union— the war with Mexico, the war of the rebellion and the war with Spain. In tin- first slit- fur- nished five regiments; in the second. 154 full regiments, not to speak of cavalry and artillery, in the third, five regi- ments and two batteries— thousands and thousands of her choicest youths. And they— be it said now with wholeness of soul— they are the most highly favored, for whom she keeps reserved seats in the well-lighted halls of her supremest love- lier volunteers of '46, '61 and '98. And to silence conjecture, and make publication thai Hi'- generations coming may know the truth, behold this Monument! It has been said, "The world loves, not those who would sacrifice themselves for others, if they could find an opportuni- ty, but those who have found one and used it." She, our mother, the State, saw the distinction, and applied it to her sons of the sword and gun; and now it is the text of the sermon she means these stones to preach imniemorially. In other words, making this matchless structure speak for her, she says; "They are my best be- loved, who, in every instance of danger to the nation, discover a glorious chance to serve their fellow-men and dare the chance, though in so doing they suffer and sometimes die." Presentation of the Monument by Major G. V. Menzies The following speech was made by Maj. Gustavus V. Menzies, of Mt. Vernon, Ind.. in presenting the Indiana Soldiers an, I Sailors' Monument to the State "n behalf of the board of control: "Governor Durbin: "The pleasant duty has been assigned me by the board of control to report that this magnificent structure, erected by the people of this State to the memory of the soldiers and sailors of Indiana, who offered their lives for the preserva- tion of the TJnion, is finished. We are here to-day to testify by our presence in tlie dedication of this beautiful work of art, our love and veneration for the berolc dead, who fell in the struggle, and for the gallant survivors of the war for the i 'nion. "This Monument is the grateful testi- monial of our people to the memory of ill, departed, an inspiration to the living, a precept to the future. Every stone in i lis of the sacrifices and devotion of the sons of Indiana, who rushed to the at the call of duty, leaving home and kindred to do battle, that the Union Of their fathers should not perish from the earth. Origination of the Monument. "The history in detail of the beginning, progress and completion of this splendid offering to 'our silent victors' is a part of the archives of the State. This Monu- ment originated with the soldiers and sailors of Indiana. Its inspiration came from the rank and file. They took the initiative. From the return home of the veterans of the war, agitation began for some lasting memorial to the glorious part played by Indiana in the grand drama of the rebellion. Agitation took tangible form in 1S75, when the veterans of Indiana raised the first money. But for their efforts, recognition, in this man- ner, of the services of our soldiers and sailors would probably have been long de- ferred and we would not be assembled here to-day in the shadow of this beau- tiful pile, renewing our fidelity to flag and country. "In the noble work Marion county gener- ously joined by liberally contributing. It was, however, soon evident that the mag- nitude and grandeur of the scheme were beyond the ability of the survivors of the war, and that the undertaking should be a public one. An appeal was made to the people of the State. The General As- sembly of 1SS7 responded by passing the first appropriation. Succeeding legisla- tures contributed from the public funds from time to time, until the edifice in all its massive proportions was finished, making it the most complete and artistic military monument In the world, fitly rep- resenting the devotion and unsurpassed services of one of the foremost States in the galaxy of the Union, In a war which stands in history unparalleled in severity, sacrifice and bravery on the part of the contending sides. "Begun in the term of Governor Isaac P. Gray, the corner stone was laid In 1SS9. in the first year of the term of Governor Alvin P. Hovey, Indiana's honored son, Benjamin Harrison, President of the United States, delivering the address on that historic occasion. Since that memor- able event its principal actors have an- swered the last bugle call. How many of the mighty hosts of veterans who marched around this circle on that day have forever stepped out, the thinned ranks to-day give mournful testimony. It reminds us that in a few years the flag of the Grand Army of the Republic will be forever furled. A Sacred Trust. "The work of the Monument was con- tinued during the terms of office of Gov- ernors Ira J. Chase, Claude Matthews and James A. Mount, receiving its final touch in the first year of your term of office. From commencement to finish it had the jealous solicitude and attention of the officials of the State, and has ever been regarded as a sacred trust. "By the act of 1SS7, the Monument was placed in charge of a commission. Promi- nent citizens, veterans of the war, were first selected as members. The shaft, the crowning figure, the naval astragal and part of the surrounding work were com- pleted by the commission. Conspicuous on the commission in its last years were Gen. Mahlon D. Manson, a veteran of the Mexican war and a distinguished sol- dier of the war for the Union, who after- ward ably filled positions in civil life; William H. English, a citizen of national reputation, many times honored by his State, and George J. Langsdale. a gallant Indiana soldier, who alone of the three mentioned, survives, and is with us to- day. They served the State with fidelity, faithfully guarded the work of the Mon- ument, and should be gratefully remem- bered. What the Regents Accomplished. "I was honored with a position on the board of regents and served from its or- ganization in May, 1895, until it expired by limitation of law in November, 1901. Chief among the things accomplished by the regents are evidenced by the beautiful cascades, unequaled by any on the globe; the colossal groups of Peace and War, the statuary, the cascade groups of Peace and War. the magnificent candelabra, the army astragal and other artistic features which adorn the edifice. First among the regents in rank was the late Gen. Fred- erick Knefler, for six years president of the board and superintendent of the Mon- ument, to whose constant care and vig- ilant attention much is due that makes this work pre-eminent in the artistic world. One of Indiana's bravest and best soldiers, who arose from the ranks to the command of a division in the great war, nothing in his long and useful career on the battlefield or in civil life enll ted him so affectionately as did his services as a regent. He gave to the State In the charge of this duty, as in war, a con- stancy of purpose joined to an unswerv- ing devotion. General Knefler's Care. "Much of the splendor of the Monu- ment is the result of the unremitting care of General Knefler. His greatest hope, the longing desire of the close of his life, was to be here to witness these cere- monies. His intense wish, before the last summons came, was to see the final act in what had been to him truly a labor of love. This was denied him. Not with us in day in the flesh, his spirit is here, amid a scene that would hav gladdened his heart like the exultation felt when he saw the Coe flee before him on Chickamauga' bloody field. A brave soldier, a pure pa I riot, i" are be unto his ashes. "Gen. Jasper Packard, a good soldier, a fine officer of the war for the Union, served ably and honorably as a regent for four years. He gave to the construc- tion of the Monument the same zeal dis- played in defense of his country. He. too, has answered the last muster. "Of all the services rendered by the board of regents, I recall none more fraught with consequences, or vital to this work of art, than the decision which brought back to the service of the State the genius which conceived in its mar- velous beauty and purity this chief glory of Indiana. Schmitz Rescued it. "When Bruno Schmitz. the designing architect, was again given control of the artistic features of the Monument, it was rescued from the dull commonplace of a massive pile of stone, and by the divine touch of his peerless genius became truly an achievement, not only of grandeur, but of art in the highest degree. As we gaze upon this Monument we see an almost magic spirit in every detail. Fortu indeed was the resolve to bring back the brain that could conceive, the hand that could design it in all its artistic har- mony. "In his labor Bruno Schmitz was sig- nally assisted by Rudolph Schwartz, a young German from Berlin, whe came to the regents obscure and unknown. The beautiful groups of Peace' and of 'War' over the cascades, the four figures on the north and south sides, evince his sur- passing work as an artist beyond the ability of words to portray. Before con- cluding this history of the artistic fea- tures, I desire to make mention of the statues of Gen. George Rogers Clark. Gen. William Henry Harrison and Gov. James Whitcomb, on the outer circle, pro- ductions of an Indianapolis artist, John A. Mahoney. The high praise these statues have received, both for mechan- ical execution, artistic design and finish, is but what is justly due a deserving and accomplished artist. The Board of Control. "The board of control created by the General Assembly of 1901 assumed charge of the Monument in November of that year, and from that time have been act- ive and diligent to preserve and protect the work of their predecessors. "In concluding this brief history, it Is with peculiar pride that I testify that dur- ing my long service there has been naught but harmony in the councils of those in charge of this Monument, dedicated to- day to the purest aspirations and noblest sentiments. No differences of opinion, po- litical or otherwise, were known; no hint of wrong ever suggested. Each gave to the patriotic purpose his time and labor, with Inn one hope of reward— appreciation by his fellow-citizens of a duty unselfishly performed. "The occasion permits but a passing mention of the heroic deeds of the sol- diers and sailors of Indiana. They are a part of the Nation's history and glory. To our people they are as familiar as household words. .While we all regard with unspeakable pride our country's glorious past, and rejoice in its present proud position, let us not ignore State pride, bu1 cultivate it. and never cease to point to Indiana's splendid record in the dreadful crisis of the Nation's life. From the Potomac to the Rio Grande her sons marched, bivouacked and fought. From a hundred battle fields their valor shines with imperishable renown. Tells an Eloquent Story. "This last march of the flags tells the story eloquently, silently and pathetically. These tattered ensigns bring in review heroism on the historic plains of Vir- ginia, amid the mountains of Georgia, on the banks of the Father of Waters, on the shores of the gulf, and where the waves of the Atlantic sing an everlasting dirge to the departed brave. This flag waved in triumph on Gettysburg's bloody field: that was raised high in the desperate struggle at Champion's Hill; that one was on the rampart when the triumphant shout proclaimed that Vicksburg had fall- en, the Confederacy split in twain; this one kissed the clouds in the charge at Lookout mountain; that shot to the ground in the terrible conflict of Chica- mauga, was raised and carried onward to victory by valorous hands; this one saw the retreat of the foe at the close of the second day of the awful carnage at Shi- lah. Though mute, these silent banners flood our memories with the heroic period of Indiana's history. "While it is meet that Indiana's soldiers and sailors of every war should be asso- ciated with this splendid structure, the opinion is among the people, and will abide, that it stands to-day and will ever endure to the memory of the soldiers and sailors of the war for the Union. The names of other wars may be here chiseled; the shaft may be covered with inscriptions of other conflicts; but after all is done, the Monument in its beauty and grandeur alone commemorates In- diana's part in the greatest war in the tide of time— that to preserve an indis- soluble union of indestructible states. "Those who participated in the events of 1861 to 1865 little dreamed of the mo- mentous results of the strife. While all felt that a dismemberment of the Union would be the setting to rise no more of the star of freedom, none anticipated at the close of the long and bloody war the consequences that were to ensue from the final settlement of the doctrine of secession and the death of slavery. In the Forefront of Nations. "By the valor and patriotism of our soldiers and sailors, we are to-day in the forefront of the nations, second to none industrially, commercially abreast of the most enterprising, the advance guard in lofty purposes and high ideals, respected by all governments, loved by all peoples, the beacon light of liberty, humanity's hope. Peace reigns at home; may our battleflags abroad soon be furled. "The wounds of the bitter struggle to save the nation's life are healed. From the whispering pines of Maine to the everglades of Florida; from Castle Garden to the Golden Gate, all is peace, plenty and prosperity. North and South love and revere their heroic dead. Each sec- tion cherishes the survivors of the war; all honor the bravery and devotion of the South to her cause, which, although wrong, called forth the highest example of self-sacrifice, manhood and bravery. North and South. East and West, glory in being citizens of the greatest and best government of the world. "We have perpetuated here in stone of our State the memory of those who fought that free government might endure. Let the bitterness and hatred of their time be written by the finger on the face of the waters, to vansh forever. Keep alive the memory of 'our silent victors.' If this structure will last so long as our peo- ple preserve in their hearts, gratitude for their sacrifices, it will indeed last for- ever. Was a Holy War. "People in all ages have manifested, as we do to-day, their appreciation of the services of the illustrious dead who died for fatherland. War, in any respect, is horrible. When waged for territorial ag- grandizement, for wealth, for plunder, it is crganized savagery. When for the terri- lorial dismemberment of a country, and I he transfer of its peeople to new allegi- ince, like the partition of Poland, it is an inspeakable outrage. When waged to jain gold and destroy small and weak re- publics, it is the climax of crime. When prosecuted to preserve the unity of a. na- tion, and bequeath the blessings of free government to posterity, it is right in the sight of God and man. History recounts no holier war than that for the Union. The years that have passed since the sac- rifices of those to whom we dedicate this Monument, but add luster to their names and intensify the justice of their cause. The great animating purpose of that war was that our scheme of government, the wisest and most beniflcent ever devised by the wit of man, this mighty experiment of rule by the people, should not go the way of all former attempts at self-government, a wreck and a failure. Lincoln's Guiding Star. "This purpose was the guiding star of Lincoln throughout that awful period. Without variation or shadow of turning he held the helm true to the one idea, that no matter what might happen to the dark institution of slavery, yes, regard- less of all other questions, the controll- ing determination was, the Union should be preserved. This idea caused the mighty rally of our people to the flag. Thus inspired, the armies of the Union fought to a successful issue, the war. To no one party is due the final triumph. In things non-essential there were differ- ences; in the great vital purpose to pre- serve national unity we were as many as the waves, one as the ocean. "In this hour of gladness and good cheer, when we do honor to the men who served the State, let not the womanhood of Indiana, who gave husbands, sons and sweethearts to the cause, many of whom sleep in unknown graves in the South- land, be forgotten. Words will not ex- press their awful anxiety waiting for news from loved ones at the front; their inexpressible desolation at the terrible tidings that father, son or sweetheart had fallen. The living can not forget their Invaluable services in hospitals and on sanitary commissions. "In those perilous times they were min- istering angels. From the reverberation of Sumter's guns until the surrender at Appomattox, the women of Indiana en- couraged the men at the front, and by unexampled sacrifices and loyalty were mighty factors in producing the final triumph. There is no mention made of them on this Monument; no inscription preserves in stone or brass testimony of their ceaseless patriotism. If the men of Indiana were heroes, the women were in- deed heroines. While the deeds of Indi- ana's sons are celebrated here to-day, let us in our hearts give grateful recognition to the mothers, wives and daughters of 1S61 to 1S65, who gave much and received so little. "This. sir. is an auspicious time to an- nounce that this great memorial to the services of our citizen-soldiers and sail- ors. Indiana volunteers, is complete: when sectional hate has vanished; the an- imosities of a war between kindred passed away: when North and South love one country, salute one flag. In this hour of sunshine, joy and peace, it is peculiarly appropriate that the welcomed responsi- bility should devolve upon you, as Gov- ernor of the commonwealth, to receive and care for this Mecca of Indiana's patriot- ism. In the morning of life you served your State and country as a soldier in the ranks In your manhood you re- sponded to the call of your country in a war against a foreign foe, and led forth from the State as gallant a regiment as ever marched under any flag. Nobly you did your duty in the past. With trie same ardor and fidelity you will protect this loving remembrance to your com- rades and turn it over to your successor unblemished in beauty, inviolate in all iis parts." Acceptance of the Monument by Gov. W. T. Durbin The following speech of acceptance of the Monument was made by Governor Durbin, who received the Monument for the State, responding to Major Menzies's presentation for the board of control: "Peace hath her victories no less re- nowned than war!" In accepting this Monument I merely perform a pleasing duty in the name and by the authority of the people of Indiana who have so cheerfully contributed to the erection of a memorial testifying their affection and veneration for the men who freely offered their lives in be- half of a righteous cat Those directly identified with the work have builded wisely and therefore well, thus earning the grateful approbation of their fellow-citizens; but even these en- during stones, piled strong and high un- der the bending skies, will not survive the glory achieved by patriotic hosts as it will surely be transmitted with ever- [ncreasing luster from generation to gen- eration. Lcve for the Flag. This noble shaft typifies the love of our people for the supremacy of the flag and the integrity of the Union. The majestic mass of masonry, towering above this presence, mutely bids all the world take noti that the people of this proud and prosperous common wealtli are not un- mindful of the blood and treasure expend- ed in upholding principles upon which hu- man liberty rests and upon which consti- tutional government is founded. In thus paving tribute to the nation's defenders, we share honors with the heroes of all wars in which our countrymen have par- ticipated— to the sturdy pioneers who subdued savagery on the frontier, to those who gallantly stormed the strongholds of Mexico, to the heroic preservers of the t'nion, and to those who more recently gave proof of inherited valor by speedily and effectually vanquishing a foreign foe. Preferring peace to strife, we do not maintain a large standing army, feeling secure in the assurance that, whenever the long roll of alarm is sounded, in any emergency, the great heart of the people Will respond as promptly and generously as when the first shot fired at Sumter aroused the re-echoing world to witness the beginning of the most gigantic strug- gle for supremacy thus far recorded in in lory. In all the conflicts of which we here take cognizance, the reward of vic- tory has been won, as it always must be won, by those whose cause is just. It is so because destiny wills it in accordance with the immutable laws of a Divinity u sometimes do not quite clearly under- stand, but to whom we commit out fate with faith in a power superior to that which is human. In the war between the States, Indi- ana gave freely of the flower of her man- hood in support of the Union. More than two hundred thousand of her sturdy sons swelled the ranks of blue, twenty-five thousand of whom were killed or died in the service of their country. The first call for volunteers came at a time when our commonwealth was rent with Internal discord. Discerning men realized that a firm hand was needed at. the helm, with a strong heart behind it. The hour for action had arrived; the storm was beat- ing fast and hard; then out of the gloom arose the man who was to master the situation. He faced the front with dogged determination never to turn back, and he never did. That man was Oliver P. Morton. The Words of Lincoln. The words spoken by the immortal Lin- coln on the battlefield of Gettysburg are particularly applicable to this occasion. "We have come," he said, "to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that the nation might live. It is alto- gether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate— we can not consecrate— we can not hallow— this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. * • * It is rather for us here to be dedicated to the great task remaining before us— that from these honored dead we take increased de- votion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion— that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died In vain— that the nation, under God, shall have a new birth of free- dom, and that government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth." These words of Lincoln, most eloquent in any language, most profound in all history, carried with them the sublime spirit of divine inspiration, defining prin- ciples essential to the perpetuation of our republican institutions. With analytic eye, with prophetic vision, he- divined the future, and his consummate genius won from the world the deliberate judgmenl that he was something more than mor- tal— A man that matched the mountains and com- pelled The stars to look our way and honor us. In assuming this trust it is hardly necessary for me to offer assurance thai it will forever receive from the State that care essential to its proper preservation. It has been erected not in honor of any man, but of all men who have gi testimony of allegiance to the cause of civic liberty, ind in that spirit it will be perpetuated as a sacred inheritance by thi i whose forbears achieved with flam- ing sword and bayonet all that is sym- bolized here in stone mid bronze. Art, as it is represented in these various attributes, is not primarily for ornamen- tation. It has well-defined meaning and wisely-planned purpose. It typifies the na- tive virtues and valorous deeds of 1 ists, without distinction. Rank and sta- tlon are relegated is enough that It be known they were a In 1 1 thi i hood of pa- triots grimly determined to achieve end :ii which they aimed, even at the cost of perishing in the cause. We are grateful, too, to those who have wrought results so satisfactorily— to the various boards of management, to tin- architect whose genius is embodied in the work, to sculptors and artisans who given material form to ideas harmonizing with those things deemed most worths of being thus commemorated. However great the cost of the Monument, reckoned com- mercially, it is, at best, but a slight testi- monial of public appreciation of the sacri- fices of those in whose honor it stands. It was not inspired by sense of duty, but rather by generous impulse. It will be tufeguarded not only by agencies at the inmmand of the State, but also 6y the watchful care of these comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic, and by those who shall bear these vet- erans' honored names in all the ages yet to come. The principles for which it stands were vindicated by men who gave their life's blood as freely as the v flows from these fountains. It is a re- buke to misanthropes who undertake to argue that republics are ungrateful, as well as a reproof to those who ini that only the rich and great are ap- preciated. No name appears upon this obelisk; neither rank nor title is given precedence, but in these mute blocks of stone there is imbedded and cemented our love for all alike who wore the Union blue. Hither will the people come, long after we are dead and forgotten, to listen again to the story that will forever bear repi a ting, as it is being told this day, of the triumphs achieved by the t mighty phalanx marshaled under tin- banner of freedom; hither will they come as to a shrine from which the spirit Of patriot- ism will continue to rise like perpetual incense to the gracious God above us. \\ ilh reverence we remember tin men who gave their lives in defense of tin ir country's honor. A few years ago, on this spot where we are now assembled, a prince of eloquence, a soldier-oratoi pressed a sentiment that has thrilled all human hearts, and. in sacred memory of the men he loved and praised, I n Hi.- weirds so eloquently uttered by that brave and chivalrous patriot: "These heroes are dead! They died for liberty— iln . died for us! They are al re t! They sleep in the land they made free, under the Bai thi rendered stainli the solemn pints, tin sad hemic ks, the tearful willows, the embracing vines. They sleep beneath the , oi the clouds, careless alike of sunshine or torm, each in tin- windowless palace of Earth may run red with other wars— they are ;n i . Il dst of battli he conflict, renity of death. I have bul i.iii tin the soidiers, living and is for the living 01 He The Dedication Oration by General John W. Foster The principal oration of the dedication of the Monument was made by Gen. John \V. Foster, of Washington, D. C. It was as follows: We are gathered to-day inspired by min- gled feelings of joy and sadness, of pride and sorrow. To the generation that has co.ne upon the stage of public life since the scenes were enacted which are glori- fied in this noble Monument, it may well be an occasion for exultation, for it sees only lire blessings conferred upon the State and nation by the deeds of the he- roic dead whose memory we are assem- bled i< honor. Hut to iliose of us who were their com- rades ir. service, there arises the sad rec- ollection of the carnage of battle and the wasting experience of the hospital. While the stirring notes of martial music, the booming of cannon and the waving of flags awaken the enthusiasm and the patriotic pride of the people, there arc many moth- ers and widows to whom this brilliant scene is but the reopening of the fountain not yet cried up by two score years of V (( 1 tug. To Impress the Debt We Owe. It is for no idle purpose I recall the sol- emn phase of the pageantry of these ded- ication exercises, for it can not fail to impress more deeply upon us the debt we owe to the men for whom this mag- nificent memorial has been raised. It commemorates the sacrifice of 25,000 men— Indiana's contribution to the cause of the Union. A fearful price this nation paid for its life. A veritable army is this, larger than any gathered under Washing- ton or Scott. In those dark days, when our com- rades were pouring out their life's blood on a hundred battlefields, when new calls were made for more men to fill the de- pleted ranks, when the scales hung trem- bling between success and failure, it seemed sometimes as if the State could mil endure the fearful slaughter. But the triumph of the right came at last. And time has healed the scars of war. We can now look back upon the scene as one only of heroic deeds. Victory's Emblem Appropriate. It was highly appropriate that on the apex of this shaft there should be placed the emblem of victory. Never in the his- tory of human warfare has there been a triumph more significant of blessing to mankind. The Goddess of Victory crowns this Monument, but it is not in exultation over a fallen foe. I thank God that in the dedication services to-day there is no feeling of bitterness toward the men who fought against our dead comrades We rejoice to know that they are loyal citizens with us of a common country, must not, however, belittle the sacri- fice of our honored dead. Right, human- ity and progress were on the side of the Union armies, and it was chiefly for this reason we have raised this noble pile of bronze and marble. What the victory they gained signifies to this nation, to this continent, and to all peoples, has been so often, so exhaus- tively, and so eloquently told, that I hes- itate to even allude to it. But my ob- servation in foreign lands has so forcibly impressed on me one of the inestimable blessings which has been secured to us and to future generations by the triumph of the Union arms that I deem this a fitting occasion to call it to mind. Scarcely second in importance to the maintenance of republican government in its purity and vigor and the extirpation of slavery, are the reign of peace and de- liverance from standing armies, which the unbroken Union guarantees to us and to our children. What Would Have Followed Division. It requires no vivid imagination to con- ceive of some of the results which would have followed a division of the States— a frontier lined with fortifications, bristling with cannon and garrisoned by a hostile soldiery; conscription and taxation such as had never been known before; con- stant alarms of war, and political and in- ternational complications which would have put an end to our boasted American policy and Monroe doctrine. In all the nations of Europe it has been for so many generations the continuous practice to maintain standing armies, that it is considered a necessary and normal part of the system of political organiza- tion. The existence of rival and neigh- boring nations, constantly on the alert to protect themselves from encroachment on their territory and to maintain their own integrity, and the recent advances in military science and warlike equipment have caused a great increase in the arm- ies, enormously enlarged the expenditures and compelled a rigorous enforcement of the most exacting and burdensome term of service, until to-day, in this high noon of Christian civilization, Europe is one vast military camp, and with such ten- sion in the international relations, that the slightest incident may set its armies in battle array— the merest spark light the fires of war and envelop the conti- nent, if not the whole world, in the con- flagration. Germany and France maintain an army on a peace footing of about a half mil- lion of men each; Russia of three-quar- ters of a million, and other continental powers armies of relatively large pro- portions. The term of military service re- quired in each is from three to six years. To support these enormous burdens ihe nations of Europe have imposed upon their inhabitants the most oppressive tax- ation, and, besides, have multiplied their public aebts to the utmost extent of their national credit. But, great as these exactions are, they are as nothirg compared to the heavy de- mands made for the personal military service of the people. To take from the best energies of every young man's life fr^m three to six years, just at the time of his career and establish his domes- tic relations, is a tax which can scarcely be estimated in money value, and is a burden upon the inhabitants so heavy and so irritating that they stagger under its weight and would rebel against it, did they dare resist the iron tyranny of mili- tary rule. Released from the Curse. Thanks to the soldiers who fought tri- umphantly for the maintenance of our Union of States and that there might con- tinue to be one great and supreme nation on this continent, we are released from this curse of a large standing army, we are free from its burdensome taxation and debt, our young men are permitted to devote the flower of their lives to use- ful industry and domestic enjoyment, and our free institutions are not menaced by military oppression. To conquer a peace such as the world has not heretofore seen, and to secure a reign of prosperity and plenty which no other people of the pres- ent or past has enjoyed, did the men of Indiana fight and die. We are here to honor the soldier and the sailor; but it is well to recall that ours is not a warlike people, and I pray Goa they never may be. An event which great- ly attracted the attention of Europe was that when our civil war was over the vast armies of nearly two millions of men quietly laid down their arms and, without outlawry or marauding, retired to their homes to renew their peaceful avocations. They had not become professional soldiers. They were citizens of a great republic, and felt their responsibilities as such. Our Foreign Wars. In all, our foreign wars have occupied less than five years in a period of one hundred and twenty of our independence. Our greatest achievements as a nation have been made in the domain of peace. The one aggressive war in wh : ch we have been engaged was that with Mexico, and it was the unrighteous cause of slavery which .ed us to depart from the line of justice in that instance. It is to be hoped that: no evi! influence or ambition will ever again lead us into acts of unjustifi- able aggression. In the Spanish war, I think I speak the sentiment of the great majority of rny countrymen when I say, it was a feel- ing if humanity which occasioned that conflict. It brought with it results which we. could not anticipate and which many of our people lament. It has led to the expulsion of Spain and its bad system of government from this hemisphere, cer- tainly not an untoward event. If it was a desire to benefit our fellowmen that led us into that contest, I feel sure the same spirit will control our conduct toward the millions of people on the other side of the globe, whom the fortunes of war have so unexpectedly brought into our domin- ion. It is not incumbent on me to give any account of this structure, so perfect in art, so appropriate in design, embracing all a m] ol I he mllitai s Service on land ea, I must, how ever, as a i omi ad ,,i thoi • « hosi tan* it perpetuates, bi n mi ti stimony to thi ge Ai s of a gr iteful 1 le. It Is In keeping with the n, .,,,11 i nee of the Federal ' (m ernment in .,,, 1 1 , . 1 1 relates to the memors and the ». 1 1 : , i ,. ,,i i hosi .\ ho fought to secvu i the iii.im iii, se Stati in thi national i ap ii.,1 .111,1 il ghoul the land, in evers , in and in iIiiim-i everj town, there i monuments to the Uni Idiei . and 1 1,, important battlefields ha^ i been nun, ,i into public p. ii ks c i ated i" tin nation's dead Liberal to Its Veterans. ',i no :ovei in has been so libi ral nn I ' lion , or the surviving \ • prans. I ten to a few eloquent figui es. At i he close ol i hi w ar for the Union our i ,i. i,i amounted to the stuj lou sum mi $2,700,000,000. \n.l yet thi re has i i mi tli. national treasury, . i hat date, for pensions an amount equal to that sum. Bi rore the Spanish n ai the pi nsion roll , two-fifths oi the entiri i , !,. i ;, , eminent, and it is wit ii the large increase of both the civil and military list, one-fourth of otal. his account for the i •■! i". There ar \ on I he roll, nearlj forts years after i he w ar, 897,735 pi nsioners. I If i he amount paid out, the pensioners from Indiana receive $10,291,000 every year, and the Indianans on the list number 66,974. The two gTeal martial nations of Eu- i, pe a re i 'ra m e and I lermany, but their expenditures for military pensions is om fifth and one-sixth of ours. In to these unparalleled disburse- ments, vast -iins have been expended for i! hment and maintenance of soldiers' homes in various paris of the ,-Miim i j Sun Ij the old soldier can not charge his Government with ingratitude. Indiana's History Culminates. This das constitutes the culmination 01 the history of Indiana. This imposing M n i , less "i ii- kind among the nations, the grift of a rich and prosp- rou commonwealth, thi testimonial .a a i a imi nl people to i he i who gave their lives to save thi Union and perpetuate 1 1 ins! a ni Ions, si a nds to-day, wii h thi qui in of soldiers and siai e m> ;, i i It, a memorial of pa I achies ement, an evidence of present accomplishment in government, soeiets and industry, an as- suranci ol futui prosperity and happi- ness. 1 1 was a wise disci rnment of thi memoi able ■ p. I. hs in the history of i he State which caused to be associated with this central Monument the statues of the two soldiers and t he two I which adorn I Ids artistic Cii in all the soldiers who were famous in the war of i he revolution tew lie. ■ rer, di red mure imperishable i ■ the ntry I han i len. i leorge Rogi rs > 'lark. 1 have not thi timi to dwell upon his mill tarj career 'i ecall the repi i hi in ni - the mountains from his Kentucky homi I plore 1 1 \ olu arj .imi i i H i- hi i Hi n --ii i 1 1" means to savi thi great Norl invest to the I IM, Clark's Voyage Down the Ohio. The Sim \ ni his voj age dovt n the Ohio with a mere handful ol " solute patriots, his capture of Kaskaskia, his marvelous march In the dead ol winter to the assault and capture of Vincennes, are among i he i i in tiling nan an es of that heroic struggle; yet historj has failed to give him dui ere, lit for his great m-inm ement But for his expedition, it is saj to say thai the Northwest would have remained British territory, and Indiana would to- day be a crown colons or a Canadian province, rather than a free common- wealth mi .in independi m people. i I.,,] iii, Unite ' States been confined in ii territorial extent to the At lant ic -. a board, as our ally, France, wished it to be, iln young republic might have sur- vived as i shrivel., ". and sickly nation un- der 11 ■ "ii inliansliiu of France; but the I Misinn in the Northwest, across thi Mississippi, to the Pacific coast, and lo the inlands of the Orient, never could liave tal >< place As we look upon that , n -lire, molded in bronze, let us ii,,, forgot the great debt we and all this nat ■ to the intrepid soldiei who , -ni pi, i . i i he Northwi St. Second Period in Harrison. Th. second period of the history of Indi- um is mil represented by Gen. William ll.nry Harrison, the territorial Governor and the defender of the frontier. He stands for the men who laid the founda- tions of our gov.er ml and society, and Heed the Territory from the ruthless sav- age. in Governor Whitcomb we have a typ- , m i i inii.ii, i. i thi earls period of state- h 1 A farmer's son. he had his share, as a boy and y g mall, of the priva- i . us of frontier life, the herculean labor ,,i clearing away the forests and bringing the land under cultivation. At the sam. period of time Indiana was nurturing an- miIiii young man in like experience and labor ol frontier life— that matchless \ in. i nan. Abraham Lincoln. In ihis era ol abounding prosperity and luxurious living, we are too apt to forget that they rest upon the toils and trials i.i our fathers. Whitcomb shewed the staff of \\ini h in- w i- made by support- ing himself at school and collegi bj l is own manual labor. He filled many public Offices with as. fnlii.ss and honor, and had thi di tlnctlon of occupying the guberna- torial chair during the Mexican war, in which Indiana soldiers did their full shan toward the victories which gi I for us the w ni domain stri tching to the Pacific. Tribute to Governor Morton. For the i'miui h pined in lb.- histoi \ ol i mil. in.,, win. h i. cords the contest for the preservation of the ' rnion, i here could be but one man whose statue should bi i his superb Monu- ment. No sul.li. r. mi oil Izi n no "i ' a. high In point ni heroic mm,, of tireless labors, of commanding ii -iin in m of • Kposure to dam .a' elf-denial and uffei Ing, wiih Olivet i ■ Morton. He wa nan endowed with rare Intellectuality, and mail" ,i high pli fur himself in Iln ti. n as a Stat "Small ; but to the pei ipll iii Indiana, and especially to the old sol- diers, he will be remembered as the great war Governor. It is lilting that the name of i ther son of Indiana should be mentioned on this Occasion. His statue is not iii i Iii Circle, but will s i adorn another por- tion of this beautiful capital. When the corner stone of this edifice was laid, thir- teen years ago, he took part In the exer- cises, and, but fur his untimely death, would doubt li ss have been called to the uni: a prominent part in this day's dedi- eai ion. Benjamin Harrison's Work. ""i.iamin Harrison has the distinction ,i being one of the lirsi to inspire this great undertaking, new se happily con- summated. He himself was a gallant sol- diet and would have rejoiced t.. partici- pate in this pageant. In every department mi public an. I private life he did his work well, in. I we are proud to honor him as President and citizen. H is a pleasing; service to thus recall the mm, mi some of our public men. I heart- ilv believe in State pride. I believe in local attachments. The associations which clus- ter about the home are the dearest and the best. Ii we, as Indianians, have not, in time past, been as conspicuous as some Of our neighbors for our State pride, it was not becausi we loved Indiana less. but the i alien more; and since we hav forever settled the question of State rights, I see in, reason why we should not on all proper occasions and with the ve- hemence of domestic loyalty, exalt our State, and boast of its resources, its mer- its and its memories. Among these there is none which constitutes a nobler herit- age or awakens more enthusiastic pride than the services and attainments of inn public imi Prosperity and the Union. I have not dwell al any length upon ihe wonderful prosperity which our coun- try is new enjoying, as one of the direct results ni the preservation of the Union. We all rejoice in our present high and ii ruble position among the nations of thi earth, and we max- well look forward to a e.nii iuua in f i bis era ni peace and prosperity. But in the das ol our exaltation w. should remember that no peopli h earth havi pi oi ed to be Indestructibli a a nation. Evers c trs may carry with in itsell thi seeds of its own dissolt We need net revert to Hi- hi i,,ry ol" Rome, Greece, Egypt or Assyria to learn of th.- decay and death of emph The arch logist tells us that in the i. rritoi s covered bs i he Stati of Indian i there once existed, at a period so remote that ii" Legend "f them remained among the aborigines it the discovery by Co- lumbus, a great and powerful p inn ii populous .ii i.s. were posses: ed ,i high -I ,i,i, i.i military science, w , re need in i in- ins. founded dynasties, had an educated priesthood, and were of i heroic frame. I Inn .■ uni i imi in moralize ti] h hut F venture a few practical suggestions which may appeal t" us as citizens of a great nat ion « ho: prosperitj and happi- we clesire ma} conl through all time, if wc would realize this exp< lien we must have an honesl government —Federal, State and ii i al. I 1,111 given i he figuri s « huh show the enormous expenditures for pensions It i- common rumor that this sum has bi ii greatl:' swelled by perjury and fraud. E\ ery faithful soldier who receiv a pension from the Government iustlj 1 1 gards it .-is :i badge of honoi He should watch with jealous cure that no deserter, no sulki r, no unwort hj ca mp follower, through the cunning of dishon- est claim agents, should have the same badge of honor. So, also, bribery and corruption in ear public and municipal bodies, will seen I stroy the foundations of our nut iona I life, All g I citizens should de t e and combine to punish every attempl al corruption. As we should have an honest Govern- ment, so we should have a pure Govern- i I have spoken of State pride. Mon than once 1 have been made to blush when away from home to hear the chargi thai the elections in Indiana were notor- iously corrupt. 1 trust I may entertain the hope that there is exaggeration in this, and that our errors of the past no longer exist. It is a sure sign of national decaj in .a Republican government, when the i itain head of power, the ballot, be- comes corrupt. Civil Service Commended. While we must have an honest and pure government to insure the perpetua- tion of our institutions, we should also havi an efficient government. And this, I think, can besl be brought about by the universal application of the system of competitive civil service, I know that many an Indiana politician has mocked :ii it as the dream of the idealist, but it is the only democratic method of filling the offices where all applicants stand upon a common level, anil the only way of securing the best results In admin- ist ration. I have entered upon a fruitful therm . but must not pursue it further. 1 havi suggested Hire,, points which seem ap- propriate for our consideration to-day, when we are gathered to honor the sol- diers who died, that our country miglii a ■ u i iwe it to them to so act as citi- zens, that they shall not have offered up i heir lives in vain. Let us cherish their memory, and in our i ' . a ml generation do what we can to perpetuate for the people in the ages to i nine the hhssings of free institutions among men. Should we thus prove line in our trust, this imposing memorial, so patriotic in design and so perfect in exe- cution, will stand in future years as a testimonial, not only to the fallen heroes of the war, but also to the faithful citi- zens who handed down unimpaired their heritage of republican government to mankind. Speech of Gen. Torrance, at Vesper Set vices, G. A. R. My Comrades— To a remnant of the surviving veterans of the great war has been committed the sacred privilege of closing the services of this day— a day henceforth forever memorable in the an- nals of State and nation. It is written that "there abideth faith, hope and love, these three, but the great- est of these is love." To-day we have witm cd a manifesta- tion most beautiful and appropriate of the people's love for the nation's defend ers. The air has been redolent with gratitude. Eloquence, poetry and sua; have attained their widest compass and loftiest strain and the fragrance of the patriot's memory has reached the skies. To the soldier of the Union this has been a day of compensation, ample and sweet for all his sacrifices and sufferings. It makes his wounds honorable, the graves of his comrades sacred and their memory immortal. On this occasion, my comrades, it is not in the power of human lips to voice the sentiments of your hearts. Your thoughts have been chiefly of the past, lour eyes have again caught the flutter of the old flags as they led the toilsome, painful and costly road to victory. Your feet have again kept time to the noiseless step of phantom regiments as they marched by. Your hearts have again been quickened by the distant echo of bugles and the fainl sound of far-away drums, STou have ii .ie pilgrimage- to graves that no hu- man feet can find; graves at the crossing of the ford; upon the mountain side where the eagle hovers and thi storm clouds gather, and down In the quiet valley where the flowers bloom and the birds sing- Love of Country. The thoughts of some havi - lu around I he hon I hi peac Eul lull: ni wit h its cooling print and fragranl Mow- ers and luscious fruits. Once more you stood at its open door and bid a tender farewell to a loving mother whose tears were more precious than pearls, and bid good-by to a father whose heart was too> full to utter a word. With new distim . ness you recalled the hour when you had a new birth of patriotism, and when for the first time you realized that you loved your country better than your life, and in her defense was willing to die. How great beyond all eulogy was such devotion and self-sacrifice! But forty years separate these memories from the scenes that surround us to-day. The great armies of which we once formed a part have long since disbanded and the great fleets have long ago been dis- mantled. Birds now build their nests in the cannon's mouth and peace covers this broad land from ocean to ocean. No cloud of war darkens the sky; no jarring note of discord is heard, but a great, prosperous and united people dwell hap- pily together under one flag. In tones of endearment we sometimes speak of the Stars and Stripes as "the old Hag," but it is not old as the years an- numbered. Nevertheless, in the brief span of its existence it has shed more light upon the world, emptied more dun- geons and broken more shackles than all the Hags of all the nations since the morning stars sang together. What the Monument Represents. In the grand procession of the heavens one star differs from another in glory, but tin stars that illumine the tlag are of equal grace and dignity, and as hard to wrest from their appointed place in its field of blue as are the planets ii their ordained course. 1'his magnificent Monument under v. - --. .- - i i ml this evening spea I a various language 1 1 stands for the sum oi id ■ aehi. \ i i, Uthough no names are inscribed upon it, it commemo- rates the heroism and devotion of each and all of Indiana's sons in the cause of liberty. It represents sacrifices — sacri- fices so great that they can not be com- puted. It represents the scattered graves of our comrades who died in defense of their country, and will forever bear testi- mony to their devotion to a cause which they loved, better than their lives. It stands not only for the dead, but for the living, quickening their sense of duty, stimulating their patriotism and making- it impossible for the memory of such sac rilices to perish from the earth. It will stand long after we have passed away, to speak with a persuasive tongue to generations yet unborn, educating them in all that pertains to the safety, prosperity and perpetuity of our country, and inspiring them with an exalted patriotism and an unflinching courage, in the defense of her institutions. All Praise the Patriots. But lips more eloquent than mine have spoken the lessons of the hour, and this is neither the time nor the place for me to dwell upon such tempting themes. It is enough that all men now speak the patriots' praise. Of the soldiers of Un- civil war it has been justly and eloquent- ly said that "without their valor, their devotion, their victories, the new world had been found in vain, and in vain had the Pilgrims come, and in vain had the revolution been fought, and in vain had the Government been founded. Thej have given a new meaning and a new power to every progressive achievement of history. Their laurels make the laurels of ever} former hero more unfading, and their victories have given fresh value to all the victories of the past." We who have survived that wondrous epoch-making period have ail passed the meridian of life. We have reached the ,nii iimiii I Ime of i he Union soldier or adequatelj recite his deeds of valor and self-sacrifice In the cause of univei liberty. Of Royal Lineage. While we boast, and rightly so, of our democracy, n< vertheless, we come of royal lineage. We have the divine right, not of kings, but of comradeship with the good and the greal of all ages. We arc a part of i lie great army of freedom, and our work has hen put a continuation of thai of the patriots of the past. The triumph of our revolutionary fathers was a contin- uation Of the struggle of the patriots of Runnymede, who, five hundred years be- fore, wrested from the hands of King John the Immortal Magna Charta; and the work of those sturdy, liberty-loving Englishmen was but the outburst of freedom's torch. which 2,000 years before burned with an ble flame on the plain of Mara- thon. We are the survivors of an heroic proven our right to com- mune with the purest patriots of all the ages. With youthful ardor we faced the wrathful clouds of war. with patience we rn.i rched and hungered a ml wo tched, with rortltude we uffered from wounds and dlsi asi i « ii h a heroism unequal d in the annals of time endured ihe ills of captivity until 360,000 of our comrades per- iled no, not perished, but attained im mortality that the nation might live and im )"• given to an ens la ved i ace. The faces and forms of this myriad of martyrs arc as familiar to us at thl , \ ening hour as on the ad daj when the i.i rew ells were spoken, and n hfle thej can not come to u we can go to them, and this hope is both a solace and an Inspiration. In Softer Cadence. Once we marched with eager steps at the call of the immortal Lincoln, singing, "We are coming Father Abraham, 300,000 strong." and now we find our steps quick- ening with the old-time ardor as we march down to the final fording place, singing the same song of the olden time. "we are coming, we are coming, Father Abraham," but in softer cadence and in ever diminishing numbers, until at last the song shall cease never again to be sung by mortal tongue. Ved now, my comrades, us your com- mander-in-chief, I lie time has come for me to pass the loving-cup. We used to drink from the same canteen, but now from a golden cup— a loving-cup— and as it is passed around the hand trembles, the voice quavers and the eye moistens, but all is transmuted into joy as we realize that an unbroken Union is worth the broken bodies and shed blood of all our comrades. We rejoice that a kind and indulgent Providence has lengthened out our lives to behold this joyous day. VVi an grateful for the tender n In « hich we are held bj a \o\ Ing and patri pie. w > are thankful thai u i were pri\ lleged to beai an humble part In the duty and glorj oi n di i he republic. Wi believi I hat libert .i divine ".hi and that in thl Go ■ menl it has its highe I earthlj mai i.ii ion \\ e in in ". e i hat God ovi [ruling hand ha directed i he affairs of i his na- tion from the beginning to the pn i r. We believe that Wa hing was Inspin a ol ' lod. That ' tod breat hed Into him enough of the divine to lift him above his fellows and used him to fulfill his divine purposes. Lincoln and Grant. Wo believe that Abraham Lincoln was an inspired man. and that he lived moved under the imn all tuidi direction of the Almighty. We bell that Ulysses S. Grant was a pan oi i,l :' God, and called of Him to do a special w orl This faith makes the past glorious indeed, and spans the future with a rainbow of promise \,i,i now, my comrades, it is the hour of sunset and evening star— of twilight iin) evening bell, and 1 am sure you will all with grateful hearts join with me in the prayer that God, our fathers' God. will continue to bless our native land. That America may be his favored jewel, and long be bright with freedom's holy light; that the memory ol the patriotic dead may be forever lovinglj cher tn the hearts of all thi peoj le, and that the Hag of Washington and Lincoln, of V'icksburg and Appomattox, of Manila I, as and Santiago harbor, may float in the skies of heaven forever. THE SOLDIER. Inhian a Soldiers and Sailors' Moxumexnt Dedication, Indianapolis, Mai 15, 1W2. (Copyrighted.] Thi Soldii , meek i in mi le, yet ,in Ine; Therefore, with reverence, as with wild i. . We fain would h ■ in exalt, d line The glorious lineage of i he g|, rious nam, : 'i!i, Si 'Ms i ! I .,,. is- evei was, a nd ,s. Our Country's high custodian, I'v righl riot ill I that brims thai in art ol his With fiercest love, yet h ir infinite. Tin- Soldier- within win,., invlolati care 'I'll,. Natii ii la I., rep, isc hci inmost fane i it Freedom et er has its guar, Man there, As have Ins tort ■ ind fleets on Is ad main; The Heavenward ba nner, as its rippli . stream in happy winds, or float in languid flow, Through silken mi sh evei Ifts the gli .i in tinshine on its sentinel below. The Soldier! Why, t he verj uttei is music— as of rallying bugles, blenl With blur ni drums and cymbal: and the chants nf battle-hymt the conti- nent— The thunder-chorus of a woi Id Is To awful ver il jubilee— 3Tet ever through it. pun et, are heard The prayers ol v> d In- fancy. Even as a fateful tempest sudden loosed i pon isit ,i i so our thoughts a ri blown Back where the Soldier battled, nor re- lUS, il A grave all nameless in a clime un- known. The Soldier t hough, perchance, w< rn, old and g i : The Soldier— though, perchi the merest lad The Soldier— though he gave his life away, i [i aring the shout of "Victory," wa glad. Aye, glad and grateful, that In such a cause i were tin i at Freed* n holy shrine Rechristening the land— as first It n liis blood poured thus in .sacramental sign ew baptism of the hallow., i n i m< "My Country" everj Ii] :e And iii, i of God .'. H ii still enduring me— This flu, u im even then The Soldier gloried o'er— The dying eyes i I in rapture I As, haply, he ri membi red how a breeze ■ tni i swept his boj Mi brow and I his hail, Under the fresh bio of the orchard- trees — When his heart hurried, in some wistful haste Of ecstasy, and his quick breath n Wllil Ami balmy-sharp ami chilly-sweet h And he t wered godl I ;h a trembling child! Vgain, through luminou mi I hi Mi, I.i Far fields white-tented; and In in, I blue And dazzling gold, he saw vast armies M e Ami fuse in 111'.' from which, in « i I est view The 'Ci Flag soared, md friend nd foe as ion. t;i, ait in s vivid mirage i hen d smiling oi mlling sun Thai changed the si ei to a child ■ ■; And. ,\ ,n so, The Soldier slept Oui The Soldier of out pi mdl and O this memoi HI love shall la i thl i thi VI ti STet i the t owering symbol bli \\ ii h soul saluting as salutes the i Wi .i ■.' i r as The Soli The i 'aptain's high i in .1 \MI>' \\ III Ti'i 1MB RILEY. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 013 764 074 THE MDIANAPOLI4 NEW3. «s«- 0013 Hollin #H 8 Mill Run I LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 013 764 074 » Holli inger o c