I 1 '\\n [Hft QLDIER^ Ml ILLO^TPATFD REA\EMBCPtD AND Forgot ^^ i-'S^.T fflANUFACTDRERS NATIONAL iANK OF LEAVENWORTH. Cajntal Paid in Surxtlus - - - $150,000 - 10,000 Offices— Corner of Fifth and Delaware Sts. \ officb;rs: - E. W. Snyder, President. J. C. I,ooo Busliels. Valuable information for stock-fJ:eders furnished on application. Leavenworth Linseed Oil Works, J. W. HIRST, Mgr, LEAVENmRTH, KANSAS. POPrLAR and; HIOH GRADK DRY GOODS, MILLINERY and FANCY GOODS. Tbruttgli tai ,/■■/ / rr ■.a|ikl :l4l4iM BM -.U ;;jj;jjj;.-j:^v^iiu t VV ''Tt H 'lfl~' 'l lH |i " I HV II H i m ii n i'>' \ \ I r^nTT^'~ in ' M" ' r i ", ■! ' " l i ' M ' . ' !M ' .H !tTI'n' " jpBIPTT^l] ■1 '^ D)niestics. WDi(e G)0(ls, Wash Gools, Lloeos. Cartaios, Fansols, Etc., Etc, WM, SMALL & CO., ^'\*JItr.rK:^.'"' -^Established 1858. * Incorporated t886.VNv Great Western Mfg. Co. »•" » !< ■ Engineers' and Machinists' Supplies, Belting, Hose, P acking, grass Qoods, Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings, Atlas Engines and Boilers, Steam Pumps, Injectors, Etc. ■ >t " fr °>» ♦ !< ■ ■Main Office and Factory, Leavenworth, Kan. Branch Office and Salesrooms, 1221-1223 Union Ave., Kansas City, Mo. JS. p. WII^IvSON, President. N. H. BURT, Treasurer. W. A. JKFFERS, Secretary Greaf^Uiesf^ern Sl^oVe Gompang, ■**^ St. Paul, Minn., OmaM, Neb., Leavenwortli, Kan., Denver, Colo., Tacoma, Wash. Manufacturing Cajiacity, 40,000 l^ loves per Annum. 10MN KMI.I.KV I*r»»tdeot and Tff ttiutrr J C I.YSl.H Viif I'lrnijrtit and S»trrt»rv Tf?6[^elIey9Cysle/T\illi9(5(;o. NEW ERA MILLS. 1 m m Ti KiUH »» High r^M.^i^y Grade Flour. 5*20-530 Choctaw Street. Leavenvu^ortln, - K.a.nsa.s. Lewis Mayo &; Co., • ni-:Ai.i-:MN im • Seeds, Agriiultural Implements, Wind Mills. Tanks and Pumps. TELEPHONE 186. 525-527 SHAWNEE ST.. LEA yi.SH'OliTil. KAXSAS. AERMOTOR CO. ,A.J^er coiiiplclion, it is galvanized. E or-goinj^, ever-growing, everlasting. R^ st-proofand storm-proof. ]\^ ulc from best steel throughout. ^Jiiginal and genuine steel windmill. T''»kes the country wherever it goes. ^Jficn imitated, never equaled, ^^cgardless of cost, we make the best F. WULFHKUHLER. H. W. WUI^FFKUHLER. POHLFII^G & CO., WHOLESALE GROCERS. Established 185». CORNER 3D AND CHEROKEE STREETS. LEAVENWORTH, KANSAS. ^ EAVENWORTH p RACKER ^J QMDY p ACTBRY, F. A. ROLFS, Proprietor. ■^^I* S.-W. Corner Third and Shawnee Sts., Leavenworth, Kansas. ]VI. S. Cl^Af4T & CO. Belleville Threshing Machinery, Wood s Hdryesters and Mowers. Garden Clly Plows and Cultivators. SCHUTTLER WAGONS, BUGGIES AND CARRIAGES, A^l> Kl I.L LIIKs 0» MUl mill «> ^Ts. 7lb ud CllOClai SlmU. LEAVENWORTH, KAS. 1858. -^^ 1895. THE BITTMANN-TODD GROCER CO. i WHOLESALE 4 I GROCERS. ^^ Importing and Jobbing: of Teas a Specialty. 1 17-119 Shawnee Street, Leavenworth. Kansas. The Will. G Hesse & Son Mfg. Co., MANUFACTURERS OF HIGH-GRADE Carriages, Buggies. Carts, Deliver,- W i. 'ns, Spring and farn) Wagons. -^— — •«iioi.»>u.» in VI yns t^» > HEAVY HARDWARE AND WAGON MATERIAL. Write fur Cat*: .g <;' ah '. I:i ■■ . 721-723-725 PAWNEE STREET.. 420-422-408-4I0 CHEROKEE STREET.. n: \vi:n>vorth, ... ka:^sa9. LEAVENWORTH STEAM LAUNDRY, 3 1 t DELAWARE STREET, f. H. BOEME. Proprietor. W. H. WALKE. Manager. ^^TELEPHONE No. 173.-^^ Work Solicited and Satisfaction Guaraotecd. TABLE OF CONTENTS. The Louisiana Purchase 13: Fort Leavenworth 17 The Garrison Grounds 22 The City of Leavenworth 27 The Assassination of Capt. R. P. Brown 36 Emory's Road Agents 39 The Picket Guard on the Lawrence Road 41 The Phillips Tragedy 43 Daniel Read Anthony 48 James H. Lane 57 The National Home 68 A Ghastly Sacrilege 72 Soldiers' Homes in Foreign Lands 75 Waterloo 86 The Home-Riverside Coal Co 91 The Kansas State Prison 94 ♦ « » The "Burlington Route" dates back to 1854, the most luxurious^ safest and best. See page 100. THE " HOME " BAND, Of twenty-four pieces, Prof. Pedro C. Meyrelles, Director, give daily concerts (except Monday) between the hours of 6 and 7 p. m. The Sunday and Wednesday evening selections comprise brilliant and popular programs, always enthusiastically supported by the presence of the Leavenworth "Four Hundred," and throngs of visitors from far and near. These two concerts are given at Lake Jeannette, the others at the Franklin Avenue Pavilion. I am happy to say in this connection that in Prof. Meyrelles the Home " Band has an artist as well as a conductor, and that many of his numbers are classic and acceptable, but we are in Leavenworth and not in Lisbon, and good straight American music is what we 're stuck on, delight in, and hunger for. Millions for " Old Shady," Pro- fessor, but not one cent for flap-doodle ki-yies ! FORT LEAVtNWORTH AND THE SOLDIERS' HOME WITH SKETCHES OF LEAVENWORTH AND OF THE MEN AND TRAGtDIE' / THAT HAVk MADE HER FAMOUS. NVALUABLE TO VISITORS. OF WHOM THtRE AKE THOUSANDS ANMALLY. iA PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED. corvRu.HT yM. bv Matthew h. Jamison. wr.sTi;»!« BRANCH NATIONAL IIOMK.JP. v;-* LEAVKNWDHril COUNTY, KA«». KANH*«i CITY. MO Meu§e^Bugch Bi'eWing Mw. Brewers of FINE BEER Exclusively. Our Brands: Anheuser-Buscb, Standard, The Original Budweiser, The Faust, The Munchener, The Premium Pale, The Exquisite. Largest Brewing Capacity of any Brewery in the World, 2,000,000 Barrels and 100,000,000 Bottles a Year. Our Motto in Buying Brew Materials is : •NOT HOW CHEAP, BUT HOW GOOD." 8 /^•ST PRKFATORY. To the old soldier, upon whom the world )cx>ks askance: who was a convenient refuge in the time of trouble, but who sur\'ives only in the derisive smile of Crtrsus who lays his hand convulsively over his bags of gold at sight of the apparition of IS'U, apprehensive of alms or plunder or both. To the old soldier, shadow or relict of the Revolution; the granlher of 1S12, the volunteer on the plains of Mexico, the veteran under Grant, the old soldier, him in the ranks, the integer in the stout column of one hundred thousand men, black with the grime of the pine-kno camp-fires, his nostrils full ut dust, his feet full of blisters, bis havcrt sack full of sweet potatoes, his canteen full of wh , hi s reast fu of loving kindness ; who.se eyes flash at the sound of the first gun lik " glow-worm in the dark ; who has a thousand miles in his wake and an- other thousand before him ; the {>oor lad, my comratle, from the fall of Sumter down to the last gasp «>! the dead and damned Confederacy ; who left his l)ones in the Sauth as a pledge of his love for you and me — to his memory I dedicate these pages. I bless God chiefly for this, that I have believed in something. In my youth I stood on Hutiker Hill and worshiped on the spot where Warren fell, and in those early days of awakening and unques- tioning faith, I l(X)ked up into the benignant face of Abraham Lincoln- and in thasc deeply graven, snd, and tragic lines read those les.sons of sincerity, patience, and magnanimity unequaled in all the weary ages, and which will endure the glorious heritage of the youth of this dear land of ours. Through him I came to know the full value of our American Union, that object-lesson in self-government, uplifted to aspiring races, around which is gathered an impregnable bulwark of defense; the mast virile people on the ^lobe — a nation of fresh young blood, augmented, renewed, and at'rate«l by a continuous influx of the most adventurous and daring from tlie uttermost corners of the earth. I believe, I wish to believe, and I do V>clieve, thai this mighty political fabric called the Federal Union is the head of column of the hosts of millennial civilization . that at two in the morning, when the morrow is as yet unlimned in the east, our cavalry advance is already in the saddle, feeling our way to that glad day, which, under Qod. is ours by right of conquest. Matthew H. Jamison, Western Branch National Home H V. S , April. 1895. Xl;^ Greate$t l^etail jjouse IN THE WEST. 105 DBPARTMBNTS. STOCK. $1,250,000. FI,OOR AREA, NBARI^Y 7 ACRBS. Dry Goods, Millinery, Ladies' Suits, Notions, Boys' Clothing, Men's Furnishings, Shoes, Jewelry, Silverware, Books, Furniture,, Carpets, Wall Paper, Hardware, Candies, New Tea Room, etc. Emery, Bird, Thayer & Co., SUCCESSORS TO KLa.nsa.s City, T^o. 10 hliUH/.KMl^^i hU>een a globe -t rot U-r. always going somewhere and never getting t^,' re. husiliuK to K^ithtr filthy lucre on the wing. The mystery of -^tMithing just beyond lured him on. He had compassed all lands, and it would be hard to name a time when our so-called western wilds were unknown to tlu- adventurous footsteps of the questioning Caucasian. Lieutenant Pike pi-netrated the Southwest in 180A. and found James Purcell at Santa I'l"; who was there when Purcell arrived I know not. but that there was a Yankee on top of one of those mountains, sitting on a herring-box, whittling, no accepted historian could question. \Vc know now that Columbus was a laggard discoverer; that Lief Ericsson preceded him on the Atlantic coast by a thousand years or so. and it is quite probable that the hardy mariners of northern Europe had :\ these shorr s before the Christian era. . ... ..l..:idan tril>e ol Indians in the Northwest, now almost extinct. but numbering twenty-five hundred people at the beginning of the century, are of Welch t)rik;in, and when discovere ^ .-.v the plains of Kansas. 14 The Romantic History French exploring expeditions penetrated these regions early in the eighteenth century, and a Spanish expedition from Santa Fe,to counter the French attempt to take possession of the country, advanced to a point on the Missouri River just below the site of Fort Leavenworth, probably on the ground where the city of Leavenworth now stands, or on the grounds of the National Home, and here, at night, were .attacked by tv;o thousand Indian braves and massacred to a man, excepting a priest, who escaped on horseback and returned to New Mexico. The Indians, stolid and indifferent, never could be persuaded to give up the details of this tragedy; which for mystery and diabolism stood for a century the prophecy of the shameless atrocities which stained the later history of Leavenworth County under the pale-face. Just a century later, to-wit, in 1819, the first steamboat, named the Western E^igineer, Major Stephen H. Long, commanding, passed up the Missouri River. Major Long, with a corps of topographical engineers, made a tour of observation aboard this craft, as far as the mouth of the Yellowstone. The boat was a sort of stern-wheel water-devil, built to lash the water with her tail and to vomit steam and smoke through her escape-pipe, which protruded at the prow in the shape of the head of an immense serpent with a red, forked tongue ! The superstitious red man gave it a wide berth, under the impression that it was a "maniteau" which had come to destroy them. Thomas Jeflferson negotiated the purchase of this territory of unlimited and undefined boundaries from Buonaparte, First Consul of France, in 1803, for $16,000,000, of which amount $4,000,000 reverted to American claimants for French spoliations. " Boney" was hard up for the "sinews of war," and the sagacious Jeflferson was as smooth as old Shylock himself in dealing with him, and this master-stroke — the Louisiana Purchase — has never ceased to be the wonder and admira- tion of both European and American statesmen ; especially has it been the envy of and a thorn to the British. These international pirates and freebooters would wrest this vast domain away from us by the sword, and it was left to "Old Hickory" to receive them at New Orleans, and give their general, Packingham, a hospitable grave. The far-seeing Jefferson placed a just estimate upon the vast empire that he had acquired west of the Mississippi for a mere song, and the year following, 1804, sent out the Lewis and Clark' Exploring Expedition to its utmost boundaries. It is worth while to remark, eii passa7it, that the silver and gold of thf Ij>uisiana Purchase. IS ontput of this reprJon for one yenr Is worth double the purchaae price. TIk- \vl:cat crop of any one of these Western States Kannas or Cali- fornia — would pay the bill. Vca, it is only nece.s-sary for the women of this western empire to turn on the feed and their hens can take up a little obligation like that in one day. You can see for yourself that when "Boney" left the effete nuinarchies of Europe to monkey with a Yankee, that he wasn't in it : but let us shut up, — France got back on us when her Rothschilds made us a four per cent loan worth only two! That 's what we get for plun^^ing twice into the innocuous desuetude of Clevelandism. We will know better than to renew ad: i!.le actjuainlance next time — mayl>cl Eternal earthquakes I \n ; uk of that loan — but the Democrats always did think that we had "money to bum." I see : our muttons are getting cold, and we will resume. Lieu- tenant Pike, as already hinted, under orders from the Government, led an expedition as far as tht- Rocky Mountains in lSOf\, and chris- tened the lofty peak which benrs his name. And enterprising trappers, hardy and daring men, friendly with the Indians, and who became identified with the tribes by ! pitched ' ptig the li. mills of the beaver in the ii; le and in Here we find Kit Carson and old Hill Williams, who gave Carson his first lesson in frontier life, as earlv .is 1820 and before, when for twenty years they never slept under a roof nor saw the face of a white woman. When we reflect upon the privations and perils endured by these early • ' :s, and hunt tied in \vho were a*^ y to its most di.Htant verge as the ren r could " " eing considered heroe^ „ The Romantic History Fncouragedby the eloquence ofWs father-in-law, the "Pathfinder M ^ ^o hfs roll and made the most of it ; gravely announcing to a tumbled to '^•^J'^f ^:!^^^i been where human footnever trod before, dazzled universe that having shades of innocent old r/^lk'^ILeTrLt bro::P:^kwic.! bestir thyself; here. Pickwick ! Sage, se no , ^^^ ^^.^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^f anotherrival! Kit fecund the ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ,,,,!,, ,Hh thejourney but the Path ^^^^^^^ ^^ congratulate the the enthusiasm "f "^^^.^.f, L C/»7.^5M.«"/ Fremont country onj^- ^«° ; jt the sense that he represented the sover- wasuseful na smallway ^^^.^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^1^^^^^^^ Xh h:^::::ed "; the standard of the Republic as against the ., 'o'^-^n veracious pen, by a^a^ew^^^^^^^ n.ae in^ .^s^owr. ^'-rirtXuTr wWle Ca^sorstopped to skin one of the beasts mayed, he tells us, ''"g^,,i„„ed fearlessly onandbrought it\tJ;it:;h'h^*:vor;:xU^^^^^^^ down a buu w ^j^ Colonel Mason called him down 1 this affair *au he tep'^^y^ ^„ d„ hty explorer should T" "^:^his courage for Lr contingencies under"Pap" Price, oras fb;r;rga!:srhis propensity to turn tail before Stonewall Jackson "" n'ornarLly John C. Fremont escaped having greatness thrust rhrnX%rr°tCu:-o":itnia m the wake of Kit Carson, -n:;::^:nSCTg;Tydivided-osciiiatedinpa.^ Horse, ana me entitled to posthumous honors. "•"vinVX o- a:^:tirin the foregoi'ng introductory lines to a ha?ty su'rvey of the vast domain in which we are situated, let us "" Fort^TLvlwo't'the city of Leavenworth, and Leavenworth of ike LouisioMa Purchase. I si t i:i i\ii t n I"*: I 17 o&i^^^^um^iifvTJ PHOTOGRAPHER. ., /"r;™; inoo-linr: u (/ n; r SI U I.I I. Misstn III. McPiiBaaDji Haix axo.Pakk BoruiVAmD. Po«t Lkavbkwobth. rhiefly in the following, to-wit : the Fort, the city, the National Home, and the Kansas State Prison, which lie in echelon alon); the west shore of the Missouri River in the order n.imcd. They came into existence in the order given, except that the State Pri'«nn ranks the National Home by "date of commission." T' lain dcfr ' ' iice wr. .c birth. aiid p; -Is prct. c this dominating quality in the lives of great men and in the history of the f ' • ■ . . . ,^ ofthr :c. that peculiar, indefinable, triumphant something which determines the i:; • '■ ■ On lines ; stance of a notable spot wherein we may mark in its larger and more com- 18 The Romantic History plex perspective ihe divinity which hedges us about, which thwarts our purpose, which, when we would go here, with commanding finger says, "Go there ! " and we go, whether we will or no. Under orders from the War Department, Col. Henry H. Leaven- worth, 3d U. S. Infantry, with four companies of his regiment, pro- ceeded to select the site for "a permanent cantonment, on the left bank of the Missouri River, within twenty miles of the mouth of the I^ittle Platte, above or below that point." In pursuance of these instructions, Col. L^eavenworth directly violated them by fixing the site on the right or Kansas shore instead of the left or Missouri bank, for the very good reason that no suitable ground could be found on the latter. _ With delightful confidence in his own infallibility and discretion, early in June, 1827, before the official approval of his selection reached him, the erection of log barracks was begun and the post named "Can- tonment I/cavenworth," a name retained down to the year 1832, when it became "Fort I^eaven worth," under orders from the War Depart- ment changing the names of all "Cantonments" to "Forts." The reservation contains nine square miles, or 7,000 acres. The original Fort composed a square, on each of the four corners of which was a log block-house, pierced for musketry. Within this square were the officers' quarters, the warehouses, and stables. This structure gave way in time to more permanent improvements, and there is still stand- ing, on a line with the south end of McPherson Hall, extending east- ward, a heavy stone wall, pierced for musketry, and with an embrasure for one gun, the whole being a relic of the earliest provision against attack by Indians or other foes. The original four companies brought with them into the wilderness four cows, which, together with their calves, were corralled on rising ground in rear of the camp, which as yet was unprovided with defences, and one night the soldiers were aroused by a great bellowing and commotion in the cattle-yard. A prowling bruin had scented meat from the neighboring jungle, fol- lowed up the wind, and attacked the calves, which brought the mater- nal bovines with a rush to the rescue, and four to one proving too much for the bear, he made a break for the brush, taking a course in his precipitate flight directly toward the company tents, one of which he dashed through, bringing down poles and tent in the general wreck, the boys yelling, some firing at the brute, which scorned all opposition and in the most nimble and enterprising fashion cleared out with a whole hide. of the lj>Hisiana Purchast !'.» Mistury, let us remind the reader. ouKht i • .^utteii with due gravity and with special nllc>{iance to facts, which is our sufficient apology for introducing the afore^^aid "bear story," and all Rood and loyal Americans are expected to show becoming gratitude therefor. Moreover, we warn all an.l sin>;ular that this chronicle is entrenched behind an impregnable fortress of documents and faithful witnesses, and that it would l>c a piece of foolhardy recklessness to doubt or question, or to meanly "let on." or "if I mi^ht be jHrrmitted to express a misgiving" — no. sir ; this history is not for the faithless and unl>eliev- ing. but for you —our glorious elect, who stagger at nothing that con- tains a bear story ! And let us proceed : Mr. James H. Beddow — United Slates Deputy Marshal, referred to elsewhere in this work — is the only remaining connecting link with these earliest days of "Can- tonment Leavenworth." The Deputy was the intimate friend and associate of Sergeant Kllis, one of Col. Leavenworth's men. who. in his old age, lived on his pension in the vicinity -^ '^ ■ ?■ ■•• nt Westfiti, Missouri. Fort Leavenworth was established for the protection of the Santa F<: traders from the incursions of the Indians who had begun to plun- der the caravans passing in yearly increasing numl>ers over this route. From lS3r> to 184r> Col. DodRc. 3d U. S. Dragoons, occupied the Fort, and during the years lH4W-r»(» the years of the great hegira to the Cal- ifornia gold fields, 70,(MK) men. women, and children passed through this reservation to Utah. Califomia, and Oregon. It is impossible to look coldly down upon ground hallou<.> im. footprints of the immortals. The flower of the old army spent portions of their service here, and now fill the graves of heroes, or still linger in honorable retirement. Here Col. K. V. Sumner used to bring Stur- gis, the athlete, up with a round turn for a slip in his conduct of the company drill, and here it was that Sturgis, too, was wont to meet all comers, barring none, for he was a very Hercules in strength. Gen. Winfield S. HanccKk was once Ouartermasterat the Fort and afterward Department Commander; Charley May, of Mexican fame; theSteeles: old Braxton Bragg, when he was a subaltern ; Canby. since the Cix^l War,' treacherously assa.ssinatcd in the Lava Beds ; Mci^^js. (Juartcr- master-General during the Civil War; Stephen W. and Phil. Kearney ; Marcy, Sully, and "Uncle John" Sedgwick, of glorious memory. Here the Kearney Kxpedttion was organized and set out on their famous march to Lower i'alifornia in IM'V And from thence Kit 20 The Romantic History Carson with an escort of fifty volunteers made one of his oft-repeated return journeys to California. Kit at this time (1.847) was a lieutenant in the Rifle Corps of the U. S. Army. Here in 1847 Gen. Stephen W. Kearney arrived from California, having with him, John C. Fremont, under arrest for mutinous conduct on the Pacific coast. From thence Maj. John W. Sedgwick, commanding dragoons, operated in the early Kansas troubles, which he survived to become a distinguished leader in the battles of Fredericksburg and The Wilderness, meeting his death at Spottsylvania. Here the dilettante Magruder, in "the days befo' de wall," improvised military pageants for the delectation of the crowd and the emolument of the powder contractor. From thence Gen. Joseph Lane's Expedition to Oregon began their march in 1848, and Captain Stansbury's Expedition to Salt Lake in 1849. From thence the new military road leading west 039 miles to Fort Kearney, to con- nect with the California and Oregon trails, was constructed in 1850. Fort Eeavenworth was the great frontier depot for the other mil- itary posts on the Santa Fe and Oregon routes and the general rendez- vous for troops proceeding to western posts. In 1853 the expedition for the preliminary survey of the route for the Pacific Railway was here organized and proceeded west under Fremont and the Surveyors-General ; and here in 1850-7 was organized the great Utah Expedition under Albert Sidney Johnston, with Robert E. Lee as Chief of Staff, — a demonstration gotten up to overawe the refractory Brigham Young and his rebellious Mormon contingent. And here old Parson Kerr, chaplain at the Fort during the Kansas l^rologue, full of the pro slaveiy virus, prayed for civil war as a bless- ing! Here died, in 1858, Gen. Persifer F. Smith, whose remains were conveyed to a steamboat by Gen. Harney with a troop of cavalry, a batallion of infantry, and a section of artillery. An honorary escort of notable officers officiated as pall-bearers on this occasion. This event in the history of the garrison will recall to the loiterers of a past generation the stately and impressive measures of "The Persifer F. Smith March," as given on the piano in the fashionable drawing-rooms throughout the Union in ante-bellum days. Here the gallant Reno was Ordnance Officer when the guns of Sumter placed the solemn signet of the Lord God upon the death of slavery ; here the knightly son of Mars answered to his name, and went quickly to the post of duty. At the capital of the nation he was given a Major-general's commission and a bloody grave at Chautilly ! of the tj^uisiana Purcho 21 Custer, whose life went out in liloody eclipse on the Rosebutl, was here frecjucnlly with the famous 7th Cavahy after the war; and (ien. Philip H. Sliericlan had his headquarters here for a short time since the war, and might have rem lined indefinitely but for a difference whicharosc between himself and the Recorder touching the limit of fast driving under the city ordinances. The l'*gend goes that l>oth man and • juadruped took to cover when they saw "Little Phil" coming down IJroadway like an arrow shot from the Ikjw. and objection arose to the introiluction of Winchester lime over tlie crossings where women and children were wont to pass, and the local justice snbscribed to the pre- vailing prejudice to the extent of a hundred-dollar fine. This Sir Philip resented in high dudgeon, and his wrath was never appeased, although his friends in the city, as a foil, paid the fine, and followed the matter up by appearing at his head.'»». and here A. H. Recder. the first Governor of the Territory of Kansas, was welcomed and entertained ot? hi*; nrrivnl in the nntntnn of that year All through the RelH:lll'Ml the r.iii w.i^ tm :..isr ■>; snjij.ms 11. 1 the semi Iwrbarous war of tlu Iwrder. and the plains of the Reserva- tion north of the city, during IWll-ft. was the scene of a vast military encampment : and here, at the close of the grc-' ::le for the pres- ervation of the I'nion, on July 1, lNrt6. at the i .ent Farm, on Login Avenue, G.: i. Jame^ H. Lane, U. S. senator, died the death of the suicide. 22 The Romaniic History ORGANIZED 1863. No. 182- E. N. MORRILL. President. J. W, FOGLER, Vice-President. C. PEAPER, 2d Vice-President. AMOS E. WILSON, Cashier. FiR5TK/iTiO|^/iLB/i|^K. LEAYENWORTTH, KANSAS. Capital $300,000. U. S. Depository. DIRECTORS. E. N. MORRILL. MATHEW RYAN. HKNRY ETTENSON. O. n. TAYLOR. JOHN KKLLEY. J. W. FOGLER. W.DENTON. A. J.TULLOCK. C. PEAPEK. Deals in Foreign and Domestic Exchange and issues letters ot credit on all points in Europe. The M.iLL .\xd Anciext Barr.^cks. THE GARRISON GROUNDS. A lovelier spot for the invalid or pleasure-seeker to while away the long summer days cannot be found in a journey of a thousand miles. The air is pure and exhilarating, the climate mild and equable, and not so exhausting and dangerous to asthmatics and consumptives as the Colorado plains along the base of the Rocky Mountains. Asthma patients at the Hospital of the Western Branch of the National Home, of tkg ijOMisiama Purehaif. '«'•'{ who were doing well here, made the mistake of goiu}; tu Denver, and died there within two weeks of their arrival, and we l>elieve it to be a mild statement of the truth that the atmosphere here in Leavenvvortli County i» as tonic as that of Colorado without its too often fatal rare- fication. The climate here coinmends itself to all as the true golden mean, and a highly beneficial auxiliar>* to health-seekers is now supplied in natural salt-water baths through the medium of a convenient and ample natatorium. situated near the Trolley line, on the Reservation. The garrison avenues, named after eminent soldiers, are l"- promenades, and a fine boulevard leads south faum the I'ort, thro;^^,.. the city, past the grounds of the National Home and on southward, terminating at the Kansas State Prifton in Lansing, — a drive altogether of seven miles, or a round-trip of fourteen miles. The Trolley will carry the visitor in a continuous ride over five miles of this route, or ten miles the round trip, and over other i- of the city streets by connecting branches of the same system, aiu. .... for one fare. "Sheridans Drive." on the ki >H?rvation. is a distinct and romantic rustic serpentine, complete in itscU. The route lies along the crest of a chain of hills, or semi-mountains, and afTords varied and extensive views of the city, river, valley, and far-lying hamlet. Innumerable fine drives lending past the Reservation and out of the city in every direction lend interest, enjoyment, and recreation to the tired mind and body, and one can easily count a score of fal.sely celebrated resorts and watering places, which l>car no comparison in wheeling attractions— bike or sttpper— tothe city of Leavenworth and environs. Where on this earth 'will you go to find a more beautiful pastoral region than the river counties of sunny eastern Kansas? and the chiefest of these is Leavenworth, the fruit center of the Missouri Valley. Take a spin along Salt Creek Valley, or out on the "Stranger." and verify our claim. The tourist, vacation idler, and health-seckrr can here find a change from the i onventional re.sort, which has nothing but the dining room to relieve its utter weariness and ennui. Leavenworth County is a land of orchards, gardens, and v::v yards, and while our tables offer a bill of fare second to none we 1. the shady avenues where lofty elms abound, and fruitful fields \\ Iwunlies not only satisfy' ' • ' •■ i . -i . , # .. the eye. I have stood v. town— Pilot Knob, the elevated table lands oi the Salt Creek Range. 24 The Romantic History and the crests of the hills of Laiismg — and looked, many a time and oft, upon scenes as exquisitely beautiful as may be seen anywhere in this dear native land of ours ! I do not point the reader to sublimity o effect here, but he who in the love of nature stands upon these sum- mits will see the sky bending above outstretched vistas as fair as "Scotland's red moors and golden burn." There is no pleasanter spot for the loiterer than the Garrison Grounds during the vernal season. The Main or Central Parade Ground is a beautiful park of shaded green sward, on which is held the Guard Mount every morning in summer, and Dress Parade in the evening. Here the flag-staff and pieces of artillery give token of the military character of the place, and serve as a gentle reminder of the glory and power of the Republic. As we stroll along we see, flashing through the foliage on the opposite side of the .square, a troop going through the sword exercise, or a company of infantry drilling in the manual. On the West End Parade are held the battalion and skirmish drills and maneuvers. At the Riding School visitors repair to a pri- vate gallery,where they may witness the cavalry drills and exhibitions given daily during the fall and winter months. Daring riders here often perform equestrian feats which rival the professional displays in the Circus Maximus, The answering bugle calls, the rat-tat of accompanying drums, the quick movements of the sprightly, strong, young braves in their smart uniforms, the sharp word of command, the martial strains of the Mili- tary Band, complete a war picture on a "peace footing," further soft- ened by groups of merry children at play, or speeding vehicles crowned with batteries of bright eyes in brave array ! The buildings and improvements on the Reservation cost in the aggregate away beyond the $4,000,000 mark. The barracks are two- story brick structures, with broad verandas extending the length thereof. Here the companies are comfortably housed and enjoy the conveniences of civilized life, including reading-rooms and a good pub- lic library. Some of these barracks are quite venerable in appearance, having stood, as now, for a half century or more. There are two places for public worship: an antique Roman Catholic chapel and a very handsome Protestant structure. Some notable buildings have been erected in recent years, among them the new Mess Hall, Gaiet}^ or Amusement Hall, and Schofield Hall, where the officers are quar- tered. The garrison buildings entire are heated from a central power- oj ike Louiiitma Purchasf. 25 Diamonds aud Jewelry. w. OWhiim, L,eQ\'en\\'nri\\ ManufncturinK Jcwelt-r. 400 OelfiWcMre Street. - - - - Kansns. A HK.MAL CllOt-r. house, a.H at the National Home : the grounds arc policed and swept daily. an. This suberb dining hall is neatly furnished and the kitchen equipment ranks with the best mcxicrn <> cs of the kind. Instruction supplemental t given nt West Point is fur- nished at Fort Leavenworth, in a School of Application for Cavalry and Infantry. All lieutenants form a part of the schocl and are sent 26 The Romantic History to this point every two years. The first class take a course in Mili- tary and International Law, Mahan's Outposts, Field Fortification, Signaling and Telegraphy, Operations of War, etc. — everything as taught by the great military masters. The second class are drilled in the common branches, and receive instruction in Field Fortification, Surveying, and Field and Garrison Duty. At the Military Prison, where trades are taught, and whose inmates erect all the buildings under the supervision of a competent paid fore- man, and police the grounds, material worth $250,000 is annually manufactured into boots and shoes, harness, brooms, barrack chairs, etc.; all the needs of the army being met in this way. One of the most interesting objects on the Garrison Grounds is Taft's colossal statue of Gen. U. S. Grant. It occupies a coign of vantage between Grant and Pope Avenues, On the north face of the granite pedestal, on a bronze tablet, the General and his staff are shown in bas-relief, and on a similar tablet on the south face are the names of the engagements in the Mexican War in which the Genera^ participated as a young lieutenant, and where he won his first brevets ; and following, the names of his famous victories during the Civil War. Southwest of the Garrison proper, at the distance of half a mile, lies the National Cemetery, with park grounds adjoining, on which is a permanent speaker's platform for memorial assemblies and exercises. Here, wdthin a substantial stone enclosure, lie the remains of about 3,000 dead, gathered, for the most part, from remote outposts on our frontier, among them five commissioned officers who fell with Custer on the Rosebud, the General's brother Tom being one of them. Here, in the visible presence of a glorious past, teeming with mem. ories of knightly heroism fast fading into that oblivion which is our destined end and way, we uncover in silent salutation to breathe a prayer for the heroic souls who dared all, who endured all, who gave up all for home and country and flag. of Ike Louiiiana Pnr(ha\f 27 TlIK CITY OK LKAVKN WORTH was born in 1S54. The birth was illegitimate, the offspring of illicit love— of gain. The tcrrilor>' of which the town-site is a part passed by purchnsc. as the reader is aware, from France to the I*: "es. and thence by treaty to th»* Delaware Indians, who were • rs. pledged as such by the inviolable faith of the nation. The town company was the little toe on the foot of mamlcsi des- tiny. Whenever the Democratic party undertook to outrage, or suc- ceeded in trampling upon the plighted faith of the Government as declared in the most solemn forms of public law and le^al enactment, it was called " manifest destiny. " The Leavenworth Town Company was compo.sed of Democrats of the best barb-wire Platte County stripe, to whom it was manifestly the correct thing to s<|nat upon ground owned by others and proceed to sur\'ey a town site and to do all and singular pertaining to the evolution of bare-faced highway robbery. The long-.suffering red man looked on too full for utterance, and the strategic town company took good care to keep him full- of taffy and the worst brand of Kentucky .sour— till the lands were ceded in due form, and a patent obtained, which took about three years. The town was originally named " Douglas." in compliment to the contemporary Illinois senator for his burglarious ser\'iccs in breaking down the compromi.sc of 1M*J(>. but afterward assumed the nomenclature of the founder of the Fort in the fond hope and expectation that, like Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, Chicago, and Detroit, which were all built con- tiguous to forts, the town would prosper and become great, and withal become the capital of the Territory. Having driven his slake, the ail- too- fresh pale-face set about with commendable energy to build a city- Yesterday there was a tangled thi> kct.today there is a steam-engine in the ojK'n excitedly "sawing out il^ i lolhes," to become decently clad and composed before some wandering squaw or worse surprise should take it unawares. Four tents bore it company, "all on one street." a Iwrre* of water or whisky on tap, and the dinner-pot on a pole over the fire. It was a condition and not a theory, and the star of empire came and stood over where the young child was. in the form of a t -er. under a cottonwood tree, with his case bcfof'- ^i'n ^' ; '"^^ together the first number of the new paper." The new birth did not he erupt -y. and at a very tender age had .i ^.:igout ol i ...... :nic. The feathcrless squab called Ki<. kapoo, on the north, with its thirty 28 The Romantic History. cabins, signed articles for the race, and the aspiring hamlet once known as Delaware, southward, now in its senile old age a sort of annex ta the State Prison graveyard, also put in for the cup. Leavenworth had about five hundred legal votes, and, in the full assurance of a big majority, laughed to scorn the landings on either side of her. But while she slept the tares grew. Kickapoo had one hundred and fifty bo7ia fide voters, but she was up at dawn on elec- tion day and a-doing. Her faithful mighty men sent a herald over among the pro-slavery allies in Missouri, and the ferry was kept busy in transferring voters to the Kansas side to support the cause sacred to Kickapoo. The result was a poll of 850 votes. Illustrious Dela- ware down in the brush on the river bank east of Lansing, moved by the Quaker spirit, got in some fine work also, She had a poll of fifty votes to begin with, and, undismayed, went desperately at work to over- come the odds : hired a steamboat to transfer a competing contingent across the river. She kept the polls open three days, and proclaimed a total cast of 900 ballots. The decision was first given to Kickapoo, on the ground that keeping the polls open for three days was an "unheard-of irregularity" among a people disciplined from the cradle- in the fine distinctions of Platte County "law and order." Kickapoo- and Delaware died of marasmus, and Leavenworth held a count3^-seat wake over the remains of her defunct rivals. In the long ago the Big Muddy, true to its ancient cult, attempted to chide in the direction of Santa Fe, New Mexico, anticipating by some years the overland freight route to that point. The great bend at Atchison was the point of departure, but, out of disgust for the name of that town, the Serpentine came to itself and resumed its course toward the Mississippi. Atchison, situated on the outer rim of this detour, has always plumed itself on the fact that it has, in consequence of this crook, twenty miles the start westward of Leavenworth and some sixty miles the bulge on Kansas City. In the early days, when that town was given over to a reprobate mind, on account of an un*^or- tunate christening, she blindly contended that her position westward, of her river rivals should give her the prestige of a leader in the Mis- souri Valle}^ Fortune hesitated in making this award, but Atchison is right ; and if she can hold out, her ambition will be realized, for by the close of the twentieth century she will find herself at the foot of the Rocky Mountains, where she can "go snax" with Denver and become- Louisiana Purchase. 29 a part of the national infirmnry for the distempered jjer cent of our countrymen. The exerciM.-* .m. n-w i :'->ut to open, so to s{>eak, and I suppose from this year of grace IS.' i, ih*\vn throU);h all the years immediately preceding the war and continuing on to the sacking uf Lawrence, in IWU, there was more of what old Shag-nasty Jim. of the Lava Beds, would call "fun." more of that beastly, ghastly, border- ruffian hilarity in the town of Leavenworth and the Territory of Kansas to the square yard than on any other spot on earth since the days of Herod the Tetrarch. Alma«t everybody that ever was anyl>ody, at some time or other, has taken a hand at molding the clay out of which was formed the commonwealth of Kansas, and as the early history of the city of Leav- enworth is so intimately associated with that of the infancy of the Territor>', we will survey the retrospect as a whole, for there are many exits and entrances and many figures coming and going on a scene where amity and the softer phases of human intercourse count for little, but where, on the contrar>', the fierce hate and savagery of degraded man has l>een summoned to carry out a deliberate political purpose — that of condemning virgin soil dedicated to freedom to the enslavement of man. The plot was matured in Washington in 1H58, under the patron- age of one Pierce, of New Hampshire, now forgotten, but then occupy- ing the White House : and that i>art of Missouri known as the Platte Purchase, across the river from Leavenworth, and the home of David K. Atchison and the pugilist Benjamin Franklin Stringfellow. became prccnuncntly the border ruffian legion. or base of i invasion of Kansas. It wason tlii> ground in l*^.'»4,a■ Stringfellow, in a public speech advocating invasion, said : "Mark trven.' s mg you who i^ in the least t.i ism au' c him ' Ni thcr i^ivc nnr t rascal Six wr re the was held a _ \ery con > i I'ounty, which announced that slavery already existed in Kansas, and that, u; • ■ ■ . . , ... had sh- t perstusion would do well to make a note on t ' About thi.s time Ben- jamin Franklin Stringfellow- the dear old sport, a mixture of Uncle 30 The Romantic History Ben Franklin, of Philadelphia, with Sixteen-String Jack, which always hurt me — went on to Washington, and, on the showing that western Missouri had 50,000 slaves worth $25,000,000, demonstrated to the satisfaction of Davis, Toombs & Co. that 2,000 of these slaves placed early on Kansas soil would make a slave State out of it. William H. Seward, in 1854, from his place in the United States Senate, responded to these threats of the slave power in the following words : "Come on then, gentlemen of the slave States; since there is no escaping your challenge, I accept in behalf of freedom. We will engage in competition for the virgin soil of Kansas, and God give the victory to the side that is strongest in numbers as it is in the right ! " A. H. Reeder, an easy-going, honest, speculating Keystone Dutch- man of florid speech, was the first territorial Governor, who arrived at the lycavenworth landing in October, 1854, on the steamer Polar Star, a Mississippi boat, which survived the snags and sawyers of our western waters to transport the writer's regiment and another, part of Pope's Army of the Mississippi, from Island No. 10 to the attack upon the rebel works on Chickasaw Bluffs, above Memphis, in the spring of 1862. The pro-slavery mob which welcomed Reeder, looked upon him as their tool, and anticipated a pic-nic in the work of placing Kansas on the black list. In the pursuit of this purpose there was a gather- ing of the clans in the early spring of 1855 for the election of mem- bers to the Territorial Legislature. Claib Jackson — you remember Claib — the wandering Governor of poor old Missouri in the days when Gen. Nathaniel lyyon was helping her to make up her mind "which way she ought to go": Claib crossed the river with 1,000 men to give the Territory of Kansas the benefit of a neighborly lift at the polls. Claib said, among other things, that "the d Yankee might vote, but he would do some of the balloting also, and all of the counting." He was as good as his word. When one of his men presented a ballot a judge of the election said : "Are you a resident of Kansas? " "Yes." When the judge persisted : "Does your family live in Kansas? " The bor- der ruffian drew his revolver and answered : " you! that is none of your business," and added, shoving his gun into the judge's face : "I want you to git out o' here, or I'll blow — out of you." The judges vaca- ted the premises without ceremony, and there was a beastly majority in that precinct for the pro slavery candidate. Atchison, Stringfellow & Co. participated also in these festivities, and brought with them in 4^ the Louisiana Purchase. '>\ 1 all about 5.tKX) of Platte County perfectionists to see that "law and order" prevailed outside of Missouri, since there was so little of it at home. This pro slavery missionary force were l»tH ' ' * with "Arkans.iw'loolhpicks. whisky, lud whatever terial lay at hand, to which additions were made from the stock of aboli- tionists as opportunity p' ■ 1 itself. One enterprising Yankee in Leavenworth County ■ himself to count«;r the Blue Lodge method of carrying the election in'.his precinct, and sought the neigh- boring lotlges of the red man for votes, whereupon the following e>li- male of the relative merits of Yankees and Pukes was evolved : ' (fOo '-s, and at lei. a and said: "Tinkum four days — den vote heap — heapum — some time — maybe I *' The bulldozed judges of election meekly accepted the voice of Missouri at the Kansas polls as the voice of "manifest destiny." whilst Atchison. Stri" & C; ' rs of the T free-state men to the true situ .1 Williai worth, a respected attorney and property-holder in good circumstances, a man of earnest convict! ' ;t of quiet lies were wont t-" Here, r the unsettled v crowd came together for a general reckoning of election scores, the set- th: • * • . •• ' ■ ' tl». ities, political and otherwise, and doggery quarrels of every description. And it factor I ing, and from the entire history of the town down to the present hour, life would be more toleratde and the flow of blood much less than it 32 The Romantic History has been. A crowd of Missouri toughs organized the meeting and made rulings to suit their own purposes as each item of business came before them. Among the number present w£ s a young free-state man from Vermont — Cole McCrea by name — a fearless, alert, determined man, below the medium size; who had a claim in dispute, which was being ruled upon adversely to him. This he resented in the usual Western style, and the lie passed, and Malcolm Clark, the leader of the pro-slavery party and chairman of the meeting, rushed upon McCrea, who shot him dead, and another would have been killed, but he stum, bled and fell over a sand-bank, and the ball intended for him passed over his head. McCrea, stunned by a blow on the head from behind^ ran, dazed, and jumped to the armpits into the river, where he was captured and held under guard while preparations went on for hanging him, which would have been done but for the timely arrival of a com- pany of dragoons, which took him to the Fort and placed him in con- finement. McCrea escaped from the Fort and returned east, but made his appearance on the streets of lycavenworth again in 1859. A reward of $2,000 had been offered for him by the bogus Legislature, and he was arrested and jailed, but the free-state men of the town, no 'onger terrorized by the bushwhackers of the island and the eastern shore, got out the old Kickapoo cannon and went down to the jail and released him. McCrea, advanced in years, is now a member of the Western Branch of the National Home. William Phillips, aforesaid, attended and probably participated in a quiet way in the meeting under the elm-tree, and was charged, through malice, with being an accomplice of McCrea's, and was ordered to leave town. Leavenworth at this time was a nest of the frontier criminal class, where indiscriminate robbery and murder and the proscription of free-state men were the chief concern and pastime. One Lyle, a member of the pro-slavery gang, but who claimed to be a friend of Phillips and who often enjoyed his hospitality, found him working in his garden one day and engaged his attention while a con- federate approached and seized his coat hanging on the fence, which contained his revolver. A mob in waiting came up at the instant and hustled their victim into a boat and pulled to the Missouri shore ; thence he was taken to Weston, the ferry-crossing above the Fort, where he was barbarously mal-treated; stripped, one side of his head shaved, and his body tarred and feathered ; then he was ridden on a rail through the town to the music of old tin pans and cow-bells, and finally of the Louisiana Purtha^t. 83 put on the auction-block and sold by a ** nigger" for one cent— after this fashion : *' How much, gentlemen, for a full l)loodctl at)olitionist, dyed in the wool : tar, feathers, and all I How much, gentlemen ? he'll go at the first bid." He was taken, finally, to an old pork-house on the river bunk, where the more vicious in the crowd proposed to hang him. There were a few free stale men in the town, and other humane people not in sympathy with the mob, who began to gather, led by citi/en Wootl, a resolute man. armed, throu>;h who.se interference, mainly, Phillips was rescueil ami .sent home. It is said of one Johnson, who was one of this mob, a man of some educati«)n, and, when .sober, not devoid of the instincts of a gentleman, when he came to himself, an accusing con.science lashed the whisky brave till he cried for shame! This outrage, however, according to the Leavenworth Herald, sent " a thrill of delight throu>;h the community! " And at a public meeting in the town the act was approved in a .set of resolutions. During the year lHr>5 the young town adjoining the Fort advanced rapidly in population and in i>oIiiical and business importance. The great Government Overland Tr.i asportation Company of M.ijors. Rus- .sel & Co., matle their headquarters here, and invested large capital in an extensive plant. They buit ^tore-houses, blacksmith shops, wagon and repair shops, employing alto-cther several thou.sand men. They had in active use over r)(M» of their immcn.sc freight wagons. 7,5.(X)0 pounds of freight. These great, ^broad tired, covered freight-wagons carried about fl.«K)0 pounds each, and were propelled by six to eight yoke of oxen under the control of Mexican bullwha< kers, whose whips of ox hide bellied as large as a man's wrist and k 'vc forth a report like a rifle shot. In the wake of these enterprises followed the freight-wagons of the Salt Lake and California traders. wli<. had large capital invested and who gave employment to a large niinberof men. And the Government withal during .hese years wasdishuraing $»UM).(XM) per annum for mili- tary supplies. Capricious fortune lavished her bounty upon the town throughout this memorable year, and busnuss reached its climax to ebb disas- trously the "Presidential year tollowing. But i>olitics and not business is what concerns us for the moment. One of the Leavenworth ganjs'. when assured that Reeder had ordered a supplementary election as a remedy for the frauds of the first, wanted 34 The Roniayitic History to tickle the Governor's throat with a toothpick, and, beyoud doubt, this purpose was contemplated in the councils of the desperate men who thronged the doggeries along the landing in 1855. Their leader, the pugilist and bully, Benj. Fr. Stringfellow, attempted to assault the Governor, and would have done so but for the interference of Judge Halderman. The bogus Legislature, as finally determined at the polls, met on the 2d day of July, 1855. In the estimation of many on both sides the year seemed marked by special visitation of the judgments of the Almighty — in these things: the bogus Legislature, a drouth of unexampled severity, and the arri. val in the Territory of Jim Lane ! The pro-slavery and free-state champions who still linger superfluous receive the mention of this year with a certain suggestive shrug, as much as to say, "That was nearly , wasn't it?" And it is still a matter of doubt as to who got the best of these afflictions. In due time the Legislature came together at Pawnee, a spot on the prairie in which Gov. Reeder was. financially interested, a fact which gave occasion to old unrecon- structed Bob Toombs, on the floor of the Senate, to say that the Leg- islature had moved to Reeder's town from the town of somebody else at the invitation of the fellow who for the time being made the best bid. The leaders of both sides were on the make, and as a subsidiary source of murder in the new Territory the insane desire to dispossess the squatter of his holdings is entitled, beyond question, to high rank. Brewerton says that when he made his first call on Gov. Shannon,, at the Shawnee Mission, his excellency and the Secretary, Woodson, were reported absent at Lecompton, " staking out claims." As an illus- tration of how the public interests were sacrificed to personal schemes,, the story is told of old Judge Lecorapte that he could not hold the spring term of court, because he had to plant potatoes: neither could he hold the summer term, because he had to hoe his potatoes ; and as for the fall term, must he not dig his potatoes? and the winter term, he insisted, should be side-tracked so he could sell his potatoes. This thrifty old Marylander nursed his " spuds " to some purpose, for, while he was an indifferent lawyer, and a disgrace to the bench, he managed to keep pace with the Yankee in the race for large possessions, and this we consider high praise. He had a stake in every to,vn in the Territory, and owned one of the best claims in Leavenworth County,, with a lien of some sort or other on twenty others. of the fjOuisioHa Purrhase. 86 Hul to return to Tawncc nnd the first territorial Legislature. The members drifted there in prairie schooners, in o{>en wagons, on fool, mounted, all with a grub slake, for they would have none of Reeder's capital, nor his friends' boarding-house^ l>ni s!.,ti!.itl dlistiiiatiK in the "breaks" and "put up." There have been legislatures and lcgi>laiuits m tins land of political originals, but here is a legislature dropped down on the gravel like a prairie-dog town, and like the conies, the memlnrrs are racing about in the open, among their tin|pans. kettles, and corn meal, barking, shrugging their shoulders at the legislative chaos, diving out of sight betimes and coming forth again with a piece of bacon in one hand and a frying-pan in the other. Here is a member — a Missouri stalwart — candidate for Speaker ; one of the great unwashed, a dirty, greasy, malodorous bushwhacker. The fumes of frying bacon rise to his grateful nostrils ; the coffee boils ; the corn-dodger is sicklied o'er with the pale cast peculiar to the leaden hoe-cake mixed with water only. And now if the very honorable Jones (was ever Jones found miss- ing at the birth of empires!*) can find a piece of rosin .soap— that old- time mechanical abstergent. Jones will gallantly attempt to swab his face by laying both hands hard upon his noble brow to find them slip suddenly to his chin, and there ."ilick like a porous pla.ster. Jones i>crse- veres and takes uphis pewter-covered pocketmirrortosur\ey there.sult. He finds the skin gone in patches and dark lines of grime showing the boundaries. jx>ssibly, l>clweeii Kansas and Colorado, and other lines, marking the course of the Kaw and Mi.ssouri rivers and the .settlers' camps atwixt. Jones takes a second severe glance at his illuminated nose : "Can't see why it won't do," he said, and summarily dismissed his lingering doubt by adding with emphasis, "D the soap, anyway!" But. mind you, it was a briglu .ind shining feather in the caps of this Legislature that they had s<>.i|) with them ! One is only fairly judged by the age in which he lived, and his environment, and the first ter- ritorial Legi.slature of Kansas compared favorably with the Congress of the United States in the net)iiIous pcrioti " liefo' de wah, ' when the rules of the code were conMcnches. and the cuspiilors were subjected to flagrant neglect accu- rately gauging the parliamentary refinement of those p- - The pro slavery party of Leavenworth were murd u- oos in their opposition to the eflbrt to organize a terntonai govern- 36 The Romantic History ment on the free-state basis, and denounced the elections proclaimed by Governor Reeder to fill places declared vacant through fraud at the polls, and in Leavenworth, on their own ground, the menace was so strong that the polls were not opened. Provision instead was made at Easton, twelve miles west. The roads to that point were, however, patrolled by Leavenworth bushwhackers and the Kickapoo Rangers, and the free-state men were overawed, and for the most part silenced. A few of them, indeed, persisted against odds. Capt. R. P. Brown, a zealous free-state man, and a few others, defended the polls. There were collisions between the opposing par- ties, and one Cook, of the pro-slavery faction, was killed during the night following the election. The next morning Capt. Brown and a few friends attempted to return home, near Leavenworth. This gal- lant leader in the cause of free Kansas was a school-teacher by profes- sion, a Christian, and a man of courage; one of those men of humble origin, thoroughly devoted to the cause of free government, and fated to martyrdom for a principle ; a man of peaceful purposes and meth- ods, who stood for the truth and his rights under the forms of law, and who could not be moved to trespass upon another for personal gain ; a clean man, who wished well of his fellow, and the best that may be for his own hearthstone. Young — life was before him ! Married — wife and child loved and needed him ! Poor — these hands must minister to his necessities, and all he asked was a chance ! But he loved his countr}^ and his country demanded that he exercise the right of a freeman. May he do this ? May he go to the ballot-box unmolested and assert his manhood? Who are these men who call themselves Democrats and deny to this man the exercise of his birth- right under the stars and stripes? Having proceeded along the road a few miles, they were intercepted by a force of Kickapoo Rangers under Capt. Martin ; there was an exchange of shots, but the opposing force largely outnumbered them, and Captain Brown being assured of fair treatment, his small squad was disarmed and taken back to Easton, where a mock trial was entered upon. Martin, the leader of the Rang- ers, to do him justice, made some effort to prevent the shedding of blood and allowed Brown's friends to escape, but he himself was detained as a prisoner under constant and momentarily increasing threats from a drunken crowd of low scoundrels fitly influenced by a persistent rufiian by the name of Gibson. Brown asked the privilege to defend himself against their picked man, which was refused. He then offered of the Louisiana Purchase. 87 to fight any two or three of them, an offer which the cowards would not accept. The drunken savages then fell upiiu him, and in the strug- gle for his life the brave man was cut down with n hatchet, the blow cleaving the skull. In the biting cold of a Siberian winter the mor- tally wounded man was driven over the frozen ground in an open wagon to liis home. On the way a wretch, still living in Leavenworth, u]>cncd the wound and spat tobaccu-juice into it, saying, with an oath, that "that was gooil enough for a abolitionist." He live To anticipate a little: in the auiunuioi uns yt-ar. wheti liit- --utnac was red and the sorghum s»ip sputtered in the vat, and old John Brown began to look about for something to cover his toes, which were .stick- ing through his Ixjots. the boys came out of the brush to sound Shan- non, the ne.xt in succession as Governor of the Territory. They had their guns well in hand and each of them a battery of small arms, and the usual knife — a pungent, purple-top crowd of toughs from poor old Missouii, a State lying far north of the cotton l>elt, and palsied with a mlxjr system unsuited to her climate and environment. One of the Committee on R iu a suit of .store clothes, secured in install- ments from the a ownership of the vicinage, advanced, saluted the new ruler, and began a mellifluous exordium, in which he prayed his excellency to compose liim.seir " Be j^ersuaded.'" he said, "that you are now in .soft Padua, tlu haly of America ; that in the ancestral halls of Baron Brown of 0>awatomie. and among the pomegranate r Bull Creek. Jim Liik- will take care of you if Titus and h«s don't. In this pea ■^ed the < iig holy maAs. followed by the doxology and lienediction in due form, but 'n't do anything of the kind. They \\ .. sh- ;ntcr an.l took .n dritik of straight K i it chalked. f ' 1. whicii nd louii. a lean i "he frontier had his bowic hard on the grindstone, putting a wire*edge on it. while a litter of like whelps sprawled on the ground hard by. 38 The Romantic History "waiting," as they said, "to pull the gizzard out of some abolitionist." The unwonted intrusion of mean whiskey upon the scene of the 'oOs in Kansas compels us to revert at this point to the only speech delivered by David R. Atchison, which survives to illumine Kansas annals and to shed lustre upon the career of the Platte County apostle of the slave power. The trick peculiar to Satan, to decoy his victim to the top of a mountain, where the temptation might be as conspicu- ous and spectacular as possible, was employed here, and the noble David (who, by an accident w^hich he always esteemed as special proof of the divine favor, became during the interregnum of one Sunday President of the United States) ascended Mount Oread and delivered himself of the following strain of fiery persiflage : " I am a Kickapoo Ranger, by ! Be gallant to the ladies, but if you find one armed, trample her under foot as you would a snake, and if anybody resists, show 'em no quarter. And now we will support our highly honorable Jones and test the strength of that Free-state Hotel. Be brave! and if any man or woman stands in your way, blow 'em to with a chunk of cold lead! " It is hardly worth while to state what happened when the valiant David descended from the mount, and at short range fired his cannon at the hotel. The result would have been the same had he aimed at the Rocky Mountains. You can't aim a gun with both eyes open, although you are steadied with the best Kentucky ballast, unless those orbs are " sot" like Ben Butler's, who could hit the bull's-eye with his left and calmly measure calico with his right, all in one time and one motion. Speaking of center shots reminds me of an old-timer of the '50s. You may remember him — Dick Richardson — a member of the H. R.; old Dick Richardson, of Quincy, Illinois ; the contemporary, friend, and tool of Douglas. He was a fair sample of the pro-slavery M. C. in ante-bellum days. Dick started on his political career tall, young, and fair, with some brains and a host of friends, but whisky finished him, as it brought to a premature close the life of his great political mentor, and another contemporary as well — a brilliant war governor — all of the gallant old Sucker State. For how many generations has man been confessing to himself : What a harvest King Alcohol has gathered ! Dick had a fashion, in his later and grosser years, of sitting down of the Lonisiana Purchase. 80 to talk with an old crony, perchance with a stranger just inittxlucc' Southeni State have gathered like mag^jots in a dunghill, taken possession of the town, and are patrolling the streets after their own fashion, ter- rorizing the people. Kmory's gang of road agents led the dance of death. Whether this leader had personal knowUdge of all the crimes perpetrated in his name cannot now In.- definitely determined. That the pro-.slavery press cried "War I " and that there was a preconcerted campaign of plunder and murder, is indisputable. Geary, the pro-.slavery appointee, himself testifies to the reign of terror, and says, de.scribing the aspect of the town, that the landing oji his arrival was coverest, under an experienced Mexican veteran, whose valorous example it was believed would nerve the Platte County volunteers and KickaixK) members of the " law and order " guard and inspire them to "stick" against all comers. The captain, s{>eaking reminisccntly of this matter, .says the men rode out to their sanguinary work with great confidence, and indeed were given to loud and vaporous epithets against the foe. and indulged in no little commiseration for the misguided people who could be so weak and desperately idiotic as tc attack them in their Leaven- worth stronghold. Was not the gifted warrior. Davy Atchison, clasc at hand * And the very eminent Benj. Fr. Stringfcllow. is he not at our l>acks. couchant ? And the distinguished doggery-keeper. Dunn. are not his sleepless energies at our call ^ And the broad cuffs and immaculate ruffles of H. Rives Pollard, are not these impregnable against any attack which the enemy can make.' Ha! ha! and they passed the bottle and yelled. "Let the Yankee paupers come on!" And so by night, in the covert of the thicket off Pilot Knob, they took their stand: and midnight came apace and spectial silence, and the rabbit's tread started vague fe.irs. and the suspicious and wary senti- nels shrank within deei>er shadows and listened, and the mocking winds gave passing sneers, and there were apprehensions to(|uiet. and a certain fearful looking out tipon " the front " that was not reassuring. ' What is that .* " whispered Jack to Tom. across the rt)ad. and the screech-owl laughed a hollow laugh out of the near-by tree-tops, as much as to say. "Look out ' they *re coming ! " And now there were mysterious rallies by twos and threes, and by the pale moonlight there was the glint of a flask and a sof\ gurgle and an aroma of distilled 42 The Romantic History •corn stole out upon the night air. But it was no use ; a sound dead- lier than before came from down the road. The more timid already- had one foot in the stirrup. " 'Tis nothing," the captain said, " but a belated traveler, or the browsing cattle." " But I heard the ' sicken- ing thud ' of advancing hoofs," they said, and " Lane, by God ! " they •cried in chorus, and it takes time to write the fact down, but those gentlemen made the grand entry within the walls of the city in about one and a quarter, by Professor John O'Day's watch. During the years intervening between 1852 and 1860 there was a brace of figure-heads in Washington, known in the idiom of the com- mon people as Frank Pierce and Old Buck, who operated a political machine designed apparently for turning out governors for the Terri- tory of Kansas. It was a sort of " short-order " device — everybody by turns, and nobody long, at the pie counter. In this way it came to pass that John W. Geary succeeded Shannon, and I do not know how many other fellows, as Governor, and landed in Kansas September 9, 1856, and sat right down and fired a letter back to Old Buck saying that "the town of Leavenworth is now in the hands of armed bodies •of men, who, having been enrolled as militia, perpetrate outrages of the most atrocious character under the shadow of authority from the territorial Governor." And adds " that desolation and ruin reign ■everywhere, and families have even sought protection with the Indian tribes." Whereupon Jeflf. Davis, the dear old patriot, as Secretary of War, writes to Gen. P. F. Smith, in command at the Fort, authorizing him to call upon the Government for militia "to suppress and crush the rebellion in Kansas." This was very good for a starter, and to keep things red hot, and as a sort of condition precedent to putting down the rebellion, a festival of devils was forthwith introduced into Leav- enworth as already hinted at and which will be further touched upon as truth demands. As a precaution, Joe Shelby, in the exercise of self-constituted supervisory powers over Kansas, with a force of the unterrified, stood picket on the outposts at Lexington, where he boarded every up-bound steamboat, and interrogated, bulldozed, and searched every passenger suspected of holding political opinions at A^ariance with his own, and Platte County zealots engaged in a similar service at Leavenworth. Moreover, a self-appointed vigilance com- mittee took charge of the town, to rescue the people, as they gravely asserted, from the grasp of the " Emigrant Aid Paupers," bearing Sharpe's rifles. This vigilance committee had its origin in the of. I he Louisiatia Put chase. 43 Masonic Lodge of Leavenworth, whose councils the pro-slavcr>' mem- bers prostituted to the lurtherance of their political and murderous intrigues. Here it was that Pliillips's death was secretly canvassed, and here the pro-slavery parly ol the town came to the parting of the ways, and such men as H. Miles Moore, no longer willing to be made a tool of the slavehoKlin)^ oli^^archy, abandoned their councils, and cast their lot henceforth with ihe free-state men. The streets of the town were given up to a hostile army of Rangers, 800 strong, under Kmory. a Maryland slaveholder, by birth and breeiW, Emory's gang of drunken cut-throats paraded the streets, l>ent on forcing a bloody issue. The doggeries seethed with a mass of armed assassins, who spoke in under- tones and exchanged significant ^^lances. Not all of them understood the secret and sworn purpose already decided upon, but there was something in the wind, and the crowd of bullies who did not share the councils of their leaders were kept well in hand to execute what- ever crime was pointed out to them, and to receive as their reward the privilege of being hanged instead of their principals if this was to be the outcome, which possibility seemed remote enough. The next day, September 2d. the Regulators, under Emory, after committing many outrages, approached the house of William Phillips, who had suffered at the hands of a mob in May of the preceding year, as already detailed in these pages. The home of this martyr to our free insti- tutions is still a comfortable abocrrect understanding of his own situation during all the turbulent months of this memorable year, and in the face of repeated warnings, bravely nut his fate. We may well l>elicve he felt a secret ^hame at the very thought of flight. Why should he retreat.* Here was his home. He stood upon his birthright- to live the life of a worthy, u.seful citi/en, obedient to the laws, and under the ver>* shadow of the flag of his country. Once out from under his own roof, whither .should he go ' To the river bank, to be shot down like a wild beast as had l>een the fate of othets? Are home and all vested rights to be sacrificed in an hour to the behests of the com* munc.* Is this the boasted liberty of the Republic* Whither shall 44 The Romantic History c LARK &CO. SOLE AGENTS KNOX HiiTS. he Hatters. 906 Main St., KANSAS CITY, MO. Scene of the Phillips Tragedy on Shawnee St. Opposite Opera House. he go? The memory of wrongs already borne had sunk deep into his soul. He will defend his life and his heai thstone to the last. A brother is the only friend with him in his extremity. As the mob advanced upon his ground, open trespassers under the law upon the most sacred rights, they confessed to the world that they were outlaws, and with- out excuse or defense of any kind. Phillips stood within at a window, gur in hand, and as his enemies came on he took the initiative, clearly within his right, and fired, killing two of them. There was an answer- ing volley and the patriot and hero died where he stood, and his brother lost an arm. A street full of armed men against one, but " 'T was a famous victory." of Ike lumisiana Purfhau. 45 A singular incident connected with the death of Phillips is related of his wife, a lovely and accomplished woman. Having for a year endured iIjc ttimult, apprehension, and dangers which surrounded her and her huslmnd, her mind became affected, and she had been removed to an asylum in Iowa, and when the messenger arrived to announce the death of her husband, l»y a strange premonition she anticipated him and said in a natural hi.! > imposed »"n. ..Tm.;.. • Wiiij:,,,, js dead ; I heard him fall ' It is worth while here lo trace the events wliicli lix the resjion- sibility and stamp with infamy the memory of the men who were the prime cause of the death ot William Phillips. The (anaillt who moblied him in ''»•'» and shot him down in 'f>M were at most mere tools and accessories. The town of Weston, above the Fort, durin;: the years aforesaid was the principal trade-center and .steamboat landing of this immediate region. Here was the ferry where the California hegira crossed in '4W. '")(). Like Grant's base on the James, Weston was Atchison. Stringfellow & Co.'s Missouri River base for the inva- sion of Kansas. Here, at the old St. George Hotel, swarmed the law- yers, speculators, politicians, gamblers, adventurers and cutthroats of the frontier, and here, along the principal street, the One-Sunday President of the United States was wont to ride up in front of String- fellow's office, and drop the bridle rein and his morning salutation : "Well. Ben, what's the news ^ " Here these leaders laid their plans, and employed such tools in their execution as they found most efficient ; among the.sc was the political scullion in charge of the Platle County Argus, whose chief end was to whoop 'em up and give voice to the pro-slaver>' campaign. Here the Jacobin Club, known as the " Self- Defensives," held its secret oath-bound meetings, where David R. Atchison admini.stcred the oath And here in this town it was that Rev. Frederick Starr was tried by an improvised, self constituted court, having neither legal sanction nor jurisdictio::.on three charges, to wit : 1st. " That he taught negroes to read." 2d. " That he proposed to a slave to bu> if iimjom 3d " That he was seen rising in nn oprn bups'^* w'th a nrjjro domestic." There was a buz/iii>; ..i:.. .. im . charge was read, but the reverend gcntli: and was so blameless in his general walk and conversation that his 46 The Romantic History enemies acquitted him in open court ; with a mental reservation, how- ever, and through a base pretense he was finally driven out of the State, an innocent man suffering for opinion's sake. The action of William Phillips to have the 30th of March elec- tions partially declared invalid through the perfectly lawful and peaceable process of a sworn affidavit presented to Gov. Reeder, dis- jointed the necks of Atchison, Stringfellow & Co., at Weston, and the henchman in the Arg2is office set up a roar at his own friends in Leav- enworth for their political delinquencies and general worthlessness as true " law and order " men. The Argus opened a fusilade of dirty shot-guns on Pollard and Adams, of the Leavenworth Herald, and ceased not its nagging : " There cannot be a true friend of the South," said the Argus, " in a town where such a traitor as Phillips is permit- ted to live." This direct appeal to murder and assassination was kept up for months — until the snowy shirt-ruffles of H. Rives Pollard, of "Ole Vuhginny," became deeply agitated. At first the response was feeble, and the Herald contented itself with the reply that " there were circumstances over which it had no control," etc. The Argtis plied the lash, and in due time H. Rives Pollard and Wm. H. Adams, in charge of the Herald office, set their drag-net and gathered in from the town doggeries a sufficient mob to kidnap Phillips and take him to Weston, where he was " shamefully entreated," as already described. The pro-slavery party in Leavenworth, through its Missouri allies,- were so largely preponderant that the free-state men were practically at their mercy, and Phillips was without support either in the crude and biased administration of the law or in the popular sentiment, and, emboldened by their first success with Phillips, they felt secure in their purpose to murder him when the hour was ripe for the deed. And they did not have long to wait : the 3'ear 1855 closed speedilj^ and the year 1856 rose like a mailed warrior, his lance poised, and his omin- ous blood-red shield dy offering upon the altar of ou.' lib- erties — one of those examples by which he profits and through which we may hope the race beholds, not only its weakness, but its divinely bestowed inherent {>ower, and from which it can take courage to 6ght the good fight which shall crown it with victory I The scourge of open crinie passed gradualh away after the lynch- ing of (juarlcs and Bayes — tin- two river thieves and cut-throats — by the citizens rn masse in I8r>7. These illustrious toughs were displayed to advantage from the limb of a big elm-tree near an old saw mill on the " run." near where the stove foundries now stand. Lyle, the tool who betrayeil Phillips into the hands of the mob in 18"jr». met a deserved fate by being cut to the heart in the open street, and others of the old gang of debauched loafers and blacklegs passed hence after a similar fa^hion. We are fain to drop the curtain on this and kindred horrors ; the fifties sank slowly into the gloom of civil war; the slave power had played and lost in Kansas, and. glowering with rage and defeat, hid for a time to conspire against the Iiie of the Republic. Those who were quick t«) -Ii^cern .signs saw blood on the moon after IS of the Turners, rallied to resent the insult, and while they were getting out the "Old Kicka|x>o'" t piece, the officers of the boat, rather than attempt to stand against tiie 'btfV.L 48 The Romantic History aroused loyalty of the city, hauled down the Confederate rag, and were compelled to surrender it and to fly the colors of the Union. The steamer Russell, the next to appear, was forced to fly "Old glory" before she was permitted to land; the crowd cheered, and Leavenworth henceforth took her rightful place as a staunch defender •of the Union. The city has to her credit a long list of gallant officers and soldiers who achieved fame on the historic fields of the Civil War. Among them Powell Clayton, who entered the service as captain of Company G, First Kansas Infantr}', and left the service a brigadier-general, and afterward represented the State of Arkansas in the U. S. Senate. Dan McCook was first commissioned as captain of the Shields Guards, stationed at the Fort, and afterward commissioned as captain ■of Company H, First Kansas Infantry. Subsequently he commanded a brigade in the Second Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, and received a mortal wound in a charge before Mari- etta, near Kenesaw, June 27, 1864. Hampton P. Johnson was killed in action at Morristown, Mo., September 17, 1861. The last words of this gallant officer were: "Come on, boys! " His body was brought home and buried with military honors. Thomas Moonlight was mus- tered into the U. S. service as captain of the Leavenworth L/ight Bat- tery, which was afterward named Company D, and became a part of the Fourth Kansas Infantry. At the close of the war Col. Moonlight commanded the Eleventh Kansas Infantry, and was breveted briga- dier-general. Colonel Charles R. Jennison and Lieutenant- Colonel Dan. R. Anthony were officers of the famous First Kansas Cavalry, which rendered conspicuous services to the Government. This regi- ment afterward became the Seventh Kansas Volunteers— the celebra- ted "Jayhawkers." To recite the personal history of Colonel Dan R. Anthony would be to give almost a complete epitome of the town of Leavenworth from the day of its birth. 'T is true that after looking over the ground in 1854, he retired, permitting the stormy interval of 1855-1856 to pass before again venturing west of the Mis.souri. This was in the nature of concession ; the Colonel did n't want any trouble with his neighbors. As introductory, it may be said in a broad way that he is accessible and hospitable ; that his friends have indeed found a welcome at his hand, and if foes have not always found a grave, it is not because they did not deserve it. Of course, here and there, at long intervals, a just exception might be found, but on the whole, -neighbor, on the whole! of the Louisiana Pure hast. 40 Daniel Read Anthony is descended from (Juakcr stock. This accounts for his being a non-combatant ; for the soft, even tenor of his life. By this inherited i|uality it '\s he glides into the man who di.sa- grees with him in a mild and healing way truly Anlhuncsc. 'T was «ver thus with Daniel. From his youth up his ways have been ways of pleasantness and all his paths peace. For instance, if a division is called on any of the great ({ucstions now agitating the country — the 10 to 1 silver ratio; was Dr. Fraker a woman? as between Japs and Pigtails, which?— he would avoid vexatious disputation, nobly advance and offer to sacrifice himself tui ilie altar of his country by compromis- ing at fif\y cents on the dollar, assignee to take one-third of the estate for his share. The Colonel came into the world on the south wind, and all along the way he has tarried in gentle dalliance on the sunny side of the peach-trees. It will throw light on our illustrious theme to consider the (Quaker essence briefly: I mind me now of William Penn. who divided his time between the tight little isle and the city of brotherly love. You all remember William, the ^uakerest Quaker that ever quaked. He came over to introduce the drab fashions to the red man, and, incidentally, to study real estate values. He brought along a new version of the ten commandments, revi.sed and amended for his own particular . . ' and .some new adaptations of truth suited to all possible con; s likely to arise in the course of busi- ness in the new world. William despised fire-arms. He would n't drive the red man from his atuu nt heritage at the point of the bayo- net, not he. William was a stt.iU),jist and knew a thing or two much more valuable to him than dynamite and gunpowder. In a word, he cocked his new version on Red Jacket: that is to .say, William traded with Lo; he swapjK'd things with him: he traded beads and pewter beer-mugs and calico handkerchiefs for farms, the good man I And the first thing that Lo knew, he WIS out of house and h' '' up a new place to squat. Lo kuked at being turn fashion, but William pulled the record on him, and .showed him where he had ma' ' •, . when he had once made a dicker with the p.ii and "shook," it was a go ' This is the way the yuakers got an early and strong cinch on all the virtues, and HO have avoided d< • hands in the blood of tl: i " "iRS^r" but just slipped him under the wood-pile and looked meek artd harmless and a little surprised when the owner came along, met 50 The Romantic History him at the gate with subdued joy, took him into the house, set up a good dinner, and invited him to call again some time. And when Kansas began to " bleed at every pore," or words to that efifect, and to cry for help, the Quaker would n't fight, nor nothin' o' that kind, but the dear old saint, provident in everything, did n't fool away any time. He engaged vigorously in missionary work among the heathen in Kansas, and kept the freight agents busy making out bills of lading for cases marked " books." The work was contagious — mighty ketchen — and the Quakers of the Penn-Yan city of Penna vied with the Friends of the staid old commonwealth of Massachusetts in the good work. They fired the Yankee heart, and the New England clergy, and, in fact, all the folks in that section of the country — the professional non-com- batants — the good, the true, the beau — , the die-first fellers, who were ferninst war and all rumors thereof, who favored circumventing the pro-slavery crowd in Kansas by moral suasion and packed it in those peculiar, strong, oblong cases marked " books." The Quaker dispen- sation of literature and method of conversion took like a twelve-dollar pension, and Preston B. Plumb and the boys met the "books " at the landing at Nebraska City and placed them where they would do the most good. Kansas owes a debt of gratitude to the Quakers, and we don't deny it. The Quakers sent the "books" and Brown of Osa- watomie and Jim Lane acted as colporteurs, and made a canvass that will be remembered down to the wreck of matter and the crash of worlds. Having said this much by way of explanation, it must be plain to every honest man how lycavenworth came into possession of Dan Anthony. The town during his three-years absence had had trouble enough, and wished now, in this year of grace 1857, to grow a crop of poppies and heart's-ease, and invited the young prince of peace at Rochester to come on. I always doubted the Quaker antecedents of old John Brown until I tabulated the incidents of his midnight visitation along the vale of Osawatomie with his newly ground sword. Not finding the pass- over blotches on the cabin door-posts up to Quaker grade, the pig- sticking began; and the trophies were found, as Deputy Beddow, who accompanied the troops, says, hanging by the heels, and some by one ■ hand, blackened and ghastly corpses, rotting in the sun ! Old Osawatomie B. made an awkward statement to John Sherman and his committee concerning this night's work, but on the high moral of the Louisiana t^urchau 51 plane of the Society of Friends the particulars of this butchery were received with that unrut?led calm and resignation so vital to the peace and quiet of the sect. Col. Dan laii up against a cross-roads sign-post in 1S54, the index finger pointing westward, and he took the first train for Kansa.s. He did not remain long, however ; he merely opened the door and looked in. Kansas, in the blessed year aforesaid, was a place where every- body assumed the tight to vote. The Colonel, then a young man, in a Kossuth hat and a cut away, the fashion in vogue, shared the univer- sal tlesire and went up the plank at the old Shawnee House, opposite the site of the Planter's, with a yellow ballot in his hand — the color adroitly adopted to identify the free-state voter without reading the face of his ticket— to vote for delegate to Congress. Fifty disciples of the glorious Democracy of Platte County surrounded the polls, puking tobacco-juice and exhaling the aroma of spiritus fermenti. who saluted the late arrival as an " Immigrant Aid Pauper. " The .sinister glances and protruding chins of the loud-smelling gentr>' cooled the Colonel's ardor, and with a deep courtesy and that shrinking modesty peculiar to the bloo And. l- ■ iear old heart, he was so serene and open and comfiosed about it — so appealing in his frankness, as much as to .say: "Genlletnen, upon your honor, am I not quite right a)>out this.'" " In pursuance of the sacred charter of our lil>cr- ties I deposit my ballot ; and these four absent friends of mine, they ' ome. as •' ' - •• • > ajjow. for one hath a wife < ^. and another hath sold a yoke of oxen and mu.st deliver them, and .still another went with the stranger a mile and hath been compelled to go with him twain. 52 The Romantic History and — " the dear old saint stood there, facing the majesty of the law, so placid, of such comfortable girth and ruddy jowl, such benign and sincere aspect, that the just judge, nonplussed, brokjen by such trans- parent, child-like innocence, bowed the old gentleman out with profuse apologies, saying that " precedents were lame at best ; that the motive was the chief thing." In great kindness and with the most benevolent intention we have asked the reader to consider the doctrine of atavism — reversion to the traits of ancestors. It runs in the blood, as witness the scene at the polls in 1858, where Payne and Dunn with drawn revolvers, led the attack on the ballot-box and carried it off, trampling Wetherell, the clerk, under foot, and would have brained him with their favorite tom- ahawk, the hatchet, but for Brown and the gallant Colonel, who went to the rescue, not to shed blood, messieurs, even in defense of the free- man's rights — not so; the side-arms which they kept well in hand were not positive instruments de guerre, but suggestions, and must be his- torically considered as such. And that little comedy of errors between Thurston and Anthony — how could a bit of chiaroscuro like that be set up as an extravagance and a departure on the Colonel's part from the ancient faith of his fath- ers ? By no means, sweet friends ! Nobody was particularly hurt ; a '54 caliber ball chipped Mr. Douglas's ear, to be sure, and the honora- ble Mr. Thurston, in a wild attempt to disfigure the moon which had not yet appeared, gave our distinguished and newly-elected Senator Baker a slight inconvenience, but I appeal to any and all of the crack shots of the Leavenworth Gun Club to say whether other than edito- rial compliment and the usual and time-honored exchange of Leaven- worth street civilities can be charged. Certainly not; the marksmanship precludes malice ; the clergy unite upon this view ; the members of the most illustrious bar in the State sanction and defend it ; our ven- erable city fathers say it's so; the very able president of this learned body of legislators, summing up, says : "We have examined the ordi- nances and searched our voluminous precedents for a generation back and find nothing to the contrary. What would gentlemen have ? Is Harlequin to be disowned in his own town ? Let us be reasonable. Here come the querulous with their disputatious babblings, insisting on the loss of life, infractions of the laws, severed friendships, and the general disquiet in 1801. These importunate gainsayers are unfortu- nate in their selection of dates. 1861 was an uncomfortable year for a of the Lcmsiana /Utri/nnc. 58 great many people. Those of our fellow-citizens who were Ijom in the wrong quarter of the moon, when the sign was n't right, having succccy the awkward situations in whicli they found them- selves. They ran up against a stone wall, st» to speak. Gentlemen in the «lischarge of the editorial function were especially liable in iSOl to make remarks on the printed page, the which, in more lil>eral epochs would be receivetl with positive favor; but in the changed conditions of the Anthony regime, with a sword in the sky, worked like a little eartlujuake. begad' the tongues of forked flame breaking through the fissures . It was all his fault, the jx)or man ! if he had remained on tlu k \ti, under the conditions of the usual Leavenworth street pistol practice, the ball would have passed over him, harmless, or struck some other man; but he wouldn't do that; he ran olistinately up the stairway, and was bound, if he persisted, to come within range of a gun looking . upward at an angle of 4r> degrees, which he did. at the top of the ascent. Impartial public opinion exonerated the Colonel and must of necessity do so. The mo.st obtuse can see at a glance that the Colonel acted without malice in this affair. His conduct and l>earing from first to last was non-committal, as usual, forbearing and Onakerese. As the witnesses testify, he laid down on the lounge in his ofliice and crieer of the family has " demoted more than one fortune to the cause of the moral, .social, and political elevation of the women of America." Al>ove all things, beloved, let us assume the airs of the " nr^sty rich." whether we have the '* stuff" or not. But we protest, gent 1' ijjainst the iuttm-i I'lii'-n;; .; ;nc Tiiat- Icr in hand. We have . .< d our case, vindicated the truth of hi.stor>', and the verdict is ours. Mere innuendo : vague and indefinite charges, involving fists, canes, cow-hides, and saliva ; legs. wind, flex- ures and |K)siures and chairs ; dissolving views of the gallant Col<»nel and " Yallcr Tom," and the Red I*egs and what not;— all the forte-e-e fight.s, big and little, free and circumscril>ed. which iV the acribc's fantastic career; these trivial things cannot Ik- i as ex-idence to impeach a fact well known to all. that the Quaker is of that salt of the earth, which has lost the least savour of any of the 54 The Roviaiiiic History absurd sects into which we find ourselves cut up ; that while they have all along protested earnestly against a row of any kind, from a dog-fight to Gettysburg, the logic of events by which they are influ- enced and from which they cannot escape, like an atom of water in some " vast river of unfailing source," in whose destiny they are irrev- ocably involved and from which they cannot disengage themselves — the logic of events has forced them to take a hand ; and it must be added to their credit, that they have enjoyed it and wrought nobly for the Truth and for the advancement of civilization for centuries. Their sons fought with the foremost and died the death of heroes in all the battles for the Union, and we have used the career of Col. Daniel Read Anthony, for whom we have a sincere and hearty respect, to illustrate our claim that the Quaker is "chock" full of human nature and ain't going to roll over on his back, and take it when he is kicked, like a 'possum, any oftenerthan other people. In fine, they follow the Mas- ter, who would turn the reverse cheek for the second rebuke, if the facts warranted that course. But right here : let us not deceive our- selves ; we do not believe He went among the grasping and insolent money-changers with a wisp of straw in His hand, crying " Sho ! sho! " and that the scowling Shylocks fled before Him like sheep ; but that He grasped the thonged lash of the lictor, and when the hook-nosed misers gnashed their teeth upon Him, He came down upon their cringing backs with the cuts of the whipping-post, doubly meant! O, no ! the corrupt, claw-fingered usurers did not go from the Temple for the asking, no more than they do to-day ! They went under the scourge of Him who pointed significantly to the sword when He wanted to interpret His mission in its profoundest meaning. We have used the career of Colonel Anthony to illustrate our contention, that the Quaker feels the force of the great Exemplar's practice as well as His teaching. What orator stands up nowadays and visits upon his enemies such scathing denunciations as Christ flung into the faces of the Pharisees of His day ? And do we expect peace or war from such a course of action ? Peace ultimately, but war as a means to an end. Leavenworth in 1857 had a population of 4,000. Lots on the levee were held at $10,000 ; on Fourth and Fifth streets the price was $2,000, and along the hills westward the price asked was $1,200. Prices were advancing ; money plentiful ; speculation rife. One lot, that cost $8 at the opening of the spring trade, sold for $2,200 in mid- of tht JjouUiana Purchase. Tf' summer. Three miles out laud sold at $1(M) per acre, and when plat* ted into lots, at $HM> each. The Planter's House had been opened for business in the fall of ls">»V and this famous, old-time hostelry — now in course of rejuvenation — was overflowing with the incoming tide of fortune seekers. Leavenworth was justly considered to have decided advantages over the other river towns. It lay contiguous to the Fort. Cincin- nati, Si. Lc, in the lair of the " tiger." The jwlit- ical atmosphere had cleared up after the prolonged and devastating storm of Civil War. The fierce hates and savagery of a decade were exhausted, and many of the leaders in the strife, on both sides, rested in bloody graves. The despicable alK>litionist had triumphed at last, and smiled acro.ss the street at the di.scomfited. defeated, and impover- ished slaveholder. Most glorious of all, the Union had l>een saved, and the Republic took on new life and strength, and a securer destiny. Meanwhile the Leavenworth real estate broker leaned over the bar at the Planter's, his ample .shirt-front lit up by a stone of the first water, and gravely a.s.sured his vis-a-vU that New York might, po.ssibly, excee; St. Joseph, r»<>.« UK); Kansas City. 150.(HK). The two Kansas Cities and environs contain LMW.JHM) people. The municipal problem as affected by the military garrison has not met expectations in this instance, but it is loo early to give a definite answer as to the final outcome. This much can at lea.st l>e .said with confidence: Leavenworth is and ever will be one among the first towns in the Mi.ssouri Valley, and beyond all compari.son the very first as a desirable place for residence. The city is unit{ue among our Western centers of population, and posiiesscs 56 The Romantic History attractions peculiar to itself, which will grow in importance rather than diminish. She is superior to most of the river towns in manu- facturing resources, but as a summer resort, national pleasure ground, and place of residence, she is par excellence. A word of admonition, however, is applicable at this point. As a cash investment she should begin at once to enlarge her park attractions ; to erect a Chautauqua pavilion, and engage in a summer round of pleasure, which would bring hither, daily, through the season, thousands of visitors, singly, and in groups, and by full train excursions. The new Leavenworth Hotel is right in line with these proposed advances, and the citizens should go forward as one man to the attainment of a higher municipal destiny. By voting an issue of bonds to run for a long term of years, at a low rate of interest, the city could open up a park on Pilot Knob, to include the beautiful Walnut Grove at the foot of the mountain, on the east. This bold promontory could be made, at small comparative expense, one of the noblest parks in the world. Few cities in the West have such a hill as that close at hand to embellish. The views from the summit are lovely beyond description ; and there is a natural growth of forest, and an open space of some ten acres under cultiva- tion, which could be sown to sward and space reserved for games. The reservoir there is an attraction rather than otherwise. Leav- enworth is naturally beautiful for residence, and the expenditure of one million dollars in opening up a magnificent park on Pilot Knob, the valley, including Fort Leavenworth and the National Home, would become irresistible to visitors, and the population of the city would double in less than ten years. The city possesses substantial backing in other natural resources : in the best and cheapest coal for the furnace, mined at our very doors ; in the best fire clays for brick and tile, and in quarries of the best building stone, of easy access. The indications are good for natural gas and coal oil, and discoveries of this kind will some day reward the searcher, beyond doubt. Salt-water baths from natural wells are among the useful features of the town. The city has an abundant water supply, a complete and ample gas plant, an extended trolley system of inter-communication, connecting the most thickly populated districts with Fort Leavenworth and the National Home, and the hote^ accommodations will soon rank with the best in the country. The city has a long-established and extensive wholesale trade ; her milling and 0f Uu Louuio- Pu , . I.. manfacturiiig plants are notable examples of modern progress and development, and a stove foundry, the third lar>.;iNt in the I'nitcd Slates, gives direction to her ambition in the line of home products. Her glory lies in following the cue providentially given her as a Mecca for the patriotic vi>itor, and in her super-eminence as a place ot residence. Let her, therefore, open up one of the notable public parks of the nation on Pilot Knob, and adorn it and the city with public statues to her martyr heroes. What is required of the city, in a word, is to confess her inventor>', covet the best gifts, negotiate a loan, and take her rightful place as an enterprising manufacturing town and chiefest pleasure resort in the Missouri \'allcy. Pilot Knob is historic ground. In the dim pa^t the Indian on the war-path took his bearings from this projecting hill-top, where he haeacon of tlanie gave him a signal by night. Here the early martyrs to the free-state cause were buried, and as a place of sepulture it was known as Mount Atirora. It ceased to Ik: u.sed as a cemetery when the city placed the enclosed reservoir there, and there is nothing left of the burial plot but the {xjtter's field. r\N!! < H. LANE. "Genkral Co.mmanding jikst Brigade Kansas \oli.nthkks. " To ail who shall see these presents, g^teting: " On yesterday I walkc«l westward along Logan Avenue, following the south line of the Reser\ i'. i-'H t<> tlw (".i>\ • riuni nt T".irm, the scene of the death of Jim Lane. What husks are these ' There on a knoll, back from the road, Itehind a group of trees, now ragged and leafless in the mid winter .suspense, stands the old weather- beaten farm house of vertic.U l)oartls. l>attened. with its row of little three-pane transom windows running under the eave oi the up|>er half- story. Acro.«is the road, well )>ack. stands an ample barn of forlorn visage, a fit companion-piece in age and stortn )>eaten decrepitude to tlip cheap wooden structures opposite. Desolate, mean and comtn.in 58 The Romantic History the meagre group of buildings, one of them untenanted, its window- less eyes staring and pleading for a postponement of the last gasp. In this land of humble beginnings, large hopes, and great achieve- ment, a senator of the United States might easily have been born in such a house as that, but by what untoward circumstance could one have died there ! Ample compensations abound, however. Beautiful as the Vale of Cashmere is the valley where he died, and the encircling hills, covered with forest, rise like a bulwark, even as the mountains lie round about the ancient city of David. Northward, across the billowy pasture-lands, now brown and sere, extending along and out from a grove of oaks, gray and sombre, shines white the stone wall enclosing the National Cemetery ; and over and beyond, on the high background, through an opening in the forest, we catch a glimpse of Sheridan's Drive, following the crest of the wooded hills, and half revealed through the leafless trees to the east and north is a row of officers' cottages. In the open front stands a handsome chapel, its spire like a stout dagger against the sky, and out of the depths of the elm-shaded grounds farther away rise venerable barracks and the massive stone and brick walls of ancient and modern garrison build- ings, flanked by still more elegant cottages. Mr. James H. Beddow, Deputy U. S. Marshal, and his family, now occupy the Farm-house, and dispense a quiet but generous hos- pitality there ; the interior being home-like and comfortable, quite in contrast with its neglected exterior. The Deputy is a veteran of forty-nine years' continuous service with "L'oncle Sam," and in age ranks Fort Leavenworth by a twelve- month, having been born in 1826. Remarkably erect, rugged, and active is this old-time dragoon of the regular service, now in his sixty- eighth year, and he mounts the historic mule with as much ease, apparently, as when he carried dispatches to Major Sedgewick, whose command was reported to have perished when Captain Sam Walker, down on the Waukarusa, literally " fired" Col. Titus, of Florida, out of house and fort by running a load of hay against the blind side of his fortress, and setting a match to it. On this mild, sunny, midwinter day the Deputy mounted the mule famous in local annals and kindly volunteered to act as guide along the dim, unused, private road which leads from the Government Farm- house northward, over the rolling pasture-lands, past the Cemetery, to the Garrison. Along this road, eight and twenty years ago, Jim of Ike Louisiana Pttrekase. 59 Lnnc took his last ride. The rustic bridges which once spanned the gulches have rotted down and the stone abutments fallen in. The unrelenting years, how easily they blind the trail and efface the foot- prints of our brief and uncertain journey upon the earth ! At a stone's cast from the southeast corner of the Cemetery-wall once ran a partition fence, with a gateway at the point where the road passed through. Here, in the evening of July 1. IH«MJ, on this spot, returning from dress parade at the Garrison, the Government ambu- lance, containing the senator and his brother-in-law's family, which at that time occupied the Government Farnj-house, halted. Lane him- self got down andoi>ened the gate, and, as the vehicle passed through, he drop|)ed behind, and with the word ** good-bye." placed the muzzle of a pistol in his mouth aiui firer«in — the hard-headed old scampi A plain, beardless face was Lane's — a towering, full fotim.i.i im whole lit up with eyes that had the glint of genius. In figure and asjH'ct much like Patrick Htnry. but more nearly like him as an orator than any man who has held a crowd as in the hollow of his hand since 177»V They were unlike, as one star differeth from another star in glory, in this, that Lane was the incarnation of restless energy and I>erseverance. lithe and wiry in muscular frame, capable of great endur- ance, wearing out other men in the saddle. Always at high tension, the rapidity of his mental processes was ^iich that he seemed to see the end from the bcginTiing at a glance: while others considered the terms of a proposition, he had already soU'ed it. His conclusions were intuitions or inspirations expres.sed. ;is on the platform, in oral pictures which his auditors recognized as true to life and truth. By a single stroke of dramatic .speech the crowd were .startled, amused, convinced, arou.sed to action. In the mixed isserablages that pre.ssed to hear him on the streets of Leavenworth «nd elsewhere on the border tliere were vicious men who wanted to kill him ; but they only scowled and listened, for all men. whether ihey agreed with him or not. were irresistibly drawn to hear him talk. Like Patrick Henr>-, passionate, vehement, inten.se, unlettered : m oratorical acrobat, now at the top of the pyramid exultingly sound- inv: the trumpet note of victory, or winding the bugle call to arms, or ilcserson, and was nmch surpri.sed to he.ir that he had tendered anew his .services to the Goveniment, and had already entered upon the second and last chapter of his militan.' exixrience. The great major-general from San Franci.sco — San Francisco! the glamour of her early days was still potent, and affected the imagina- tions of men- San Francisco, siill euphemistic, as lying at the Golden Gate — seemed to add much to the greatness and largeness and mys- tcr>' of Henry W., who took (juartcrs in St. Louis, establishing him- self and his retinue in a mansion of many apartments, and with the u.sual toggery of guards and tlunkies and .salaams. Abreast of all this the poor captain aforesaid borrowed money to gel a suit of blue clothing, fjuirtly buckled on his .sword and took the field ; and all the world knows n hat happened and how it came to pas.s. Henry W.. backed by an army of more than a hundred thousand men— veterans of Island N. Donclson, and Shiloh— rewarded the devotion of his troops, through his nerveless timidity, with the emptineM. barrenness, and mihtary littleness of the campaign against Corinth. During the thirty t dad. We never saw him riding along the outposts alone, like Grant at Mission Ridge, wh-i ■ illy knew every foot of tV ' nd he was to fight over, and u not avcr.se to the humo; cs of the situation, and could sit on his horse and talk to the rebel picket acroaa the creek ! O, he was a dear old man. Grant was ' 64 The Ro7nantic History Fortune favored Henry W., nevertheless, and he hied him to Washington in a palace car. The silent captain of cordwood memory quietly went to Wash- ington also, by a circuitous route, the names of the stations being Belmont, Henry, Donelson, Sliiloh, Vicksburg, Mission Ridge, The Wilderness, Appomattox, The one began with a bank account and a major-general's com- mission, and ended where he began, his escutcheon an absolute blank. The other rose out of deepest poverty and the command of a regiment, to be the first soldier of modern times ; a ruler outranking kings ; called to temporary sovereignty by the will of a free people, in a Republic of imperial domain, incalculable wealth, unapproachable in military power — not in the strength of her standing armies, but in her match- less faith in herself, interpreted as the will of God ! It was in the early days at St. Louis, when Henry W. Halleck, domiciled in the clouds as commander of the department, that Dr. Robinson sought the General's aid to crush Jim lyane. He might as w^ell have tried to put out the sun with a squirt-gun, for as a current maxim common to everybody, there was more horse-sense in one hour of Jim Lane's active brain than filtered through the brain of Halleck during the whole war. As fertile and resourceful in political intrigue as Machiavelli or old Talleyrand, his was real genius in the advancement of things essential to his personal glory or profit. A Caesarian ambition indeed, without which he would be less than man. As a bold rider he could endure with the Apache, the Cossack, or the Tartar. His thighs no larger than the ankles of some men, he wrapped those withe-like legs under his horse with a cinch of his own, and clung to his saddle like a wraith. At the halting-place he would say to his boys, "Now give me twenty minutes for a nap," and he would fling himself at full length on the ground, bury his face in his arms, and sleep like a child, rising as fresh betimes as though he had slept for hours. Few of our public men, of the last generation, possessed Lane's talents for both the field and the council chamber, but this double equipment in him was a source of weakness, for, the temptation in both directions being equally strong, he was at constant war with him- self, and he no sooner felt success within his grasp in one direction than he abandoned the pursuit for fear of losing something in the other, and so his reward was less than if he had given himself unre- of tht Louisiana Purchase. 05 Photographer S. W. COR. loth and MAIN ST. KANSAS CITY. MO. FIRST CLASS WORK MODERATE PRICES. L.r.KLBKMAM. TBLKI'lloilK tr«U. 8. TKOTTBB- KLBEMAN, TROTTER & CO. MAN! ^ \i TfltKIt^ Builders' Wire and Iron Work, Blev«tQr fcocloaiirea. Kire KBca|>c», window UoanU. lUnk and umeo Ralllnra, Wirn KUiwer 8t«ndB. •^«tt«••« mimI Chnlr*, Ponltry N>tllnK. U'iro ciotlMi. etc. Co\-BiixMiiivT Farm HortMi, LooAii AVS., •cm or ma IMuni or Jnt Laki. 66 The Roma}itic History servedly to either. His rivals and foes in political council had reason to remember him, for he was not the least successful aspirant of his day, but it always appeared to the best judges of the time easily possi- ble for Jim Lane to have become a great leader of cavalry. Beyond question, he had many of the choicest gifts of the true son of Mars. Daring, yet wary ; intrepid and impetuous, yet coldly calculating. But above all, he could inspire his men as no other could do, and all things seemed possible to him as a soldier. " He is a very persistent fellow," said Abraham I^incoln in 1863 ; " he is at my door every morning." Lane was conscious of his ability to do worthy things in the field, but was loth to give up both honors and fame in the Senate, and so fell short altogether. We cannot close this desultory and imperfect sketch of a great partisan leader without a passing glimpse of him at the head of the free- -state force before Lecompton, where they had laid siege to the town to enforce the demand for the release of the free-state prisoners. The strong arm of the Government interposed to keep the peace, and as Col. St. Geo. Cooke rode up to the patriots in the brush on his errand of intervention and asked H. Miles Moore in a tone of authority for " the commander of this force," Lane stood under a tree some distance away, clad in a blue woolen shirt and slouch hat, conveying to his lieutenant by mental telegraphy and meaning glances his caution to be non-committal on all leading questions. The suspense at this moment was aching with strong desire on the part of the free-state boys to "knock h — out of Old Shannon and his capital," and on the part of the Government to exercise the paternal sovereignty to prevent a fight, although the regulars, divided in sentiment, on general principles would as soon have a little "scrap " as not. Bayonets, in a free country, do a good deal of hard thinking on occasion, and we can't wonder at 'em — and right here we stop long enough to ask. How long will it be in our dear native country, with an army largely composed of heterogeneous material, saturated with the current social ferment and error, before the guns in action will be turned against us, as the French troops went over to the enemies of the state in the revolutionary period ? It is now proposed to draw in strong detachments of the military and quarter them in permanent posts near the great centers of our population. Can you guess the far-reaching portent of all this ? Enough; to our muttons: There stood Old Bicknell with his 0j the Louisiana Purchase. 67 battery of one gun— a duplicate of "Old Kickapoo"— cr>ing. '*0, just give me one shot at 'em ! I 've got her loaded to the muzzle ; just let her roar oiicc ! ' Col. Cooke finally succeeded in getting Maj. Moore to point Lane out. with whuni it was arranged that the besiegers should retire. Fun? One day the " l)oys," as lie was wont to call his devoted followers, in hilarious conclave, affected to question the General's modesty. Addressing them from the platform in one of those inimita- ble speeches, he adverted to this personal characteristic and said, gravely, that on coming to his majority, his dear old mother, deeply concerned for his welfare, anticipating the difficulties he would encoun- ter -the thorny barriers which bar the progress of the ambitious, " Henry," said she, solemnly. " you know that modesty runs in the b'.ood ; that this trait in your ancestors has, by the law of heredity, come to unwonted perfection in you. and I charge you. Henr>*. to" — Here his voice was lost in the chopping sea of badinage, yells, and laughter, and awaiting the pleasure of the good-natured crowd, he (tood like an attenuated Uncle Sim. in affected astoni>hment. For gootl or ill the books are closed against the record of this Knight of the Border, and his name and fame are being rapidly trans- muted into a sort of legend like that of F'rancis Marion, the Swamp Fox of the Carolinas. These men were both a prime necessity to a great cause in the region where they «>pcrated, and so long as Truth is justi- fied of her children, the memory f)f both will be cherished, admired, and praised. The envious who hasten to distort the truth and exag* geratc weaknesses. l>ecause of conscious inferiority in their attempt to measure up to the subject of this sketch, may indulge their gjlx's -there are men still living, good and tnie— veterans of the Kan- sas fifties -who swear that Jim Lane was the truest man to his friends and to his country that God ever made ! " Rr%-ile him not ; ihr tempter hath A •nnrr for all. And pitying tr«r». not tcorn or wrath, Brfit hid tall." The Missouri Pacific Railway— the great southwest system— see 68 1 he National Home. 1,000 Veterans at Dinner. THE NATIONAL HOME. Visitors to the Western Branch of the National Home, Eeaven- worth County, Kansas, usually desire to be shown the Ward Memorial building, occupied as headquarters by the officers of the branch. Here a guide may be found who will conduct strangers through the public library and the other places of interest. A glimpse at the wards in the barracks, with a word of detail as to " how we live," is always acceptable to those who are making their first call. The dinner hour at 12 m. is the general assembly, which the vis- itor will wish to take in. If it is on a Wednesday or Sunday, the Home Band, under Prof. Meyrilles, wall give four selections, divided between the first and second tables. The dining hall is one of the noblest apartments of its kind in the Union. The kitchen, superb in its appointments, adjoins at the rear. Delay here from 11:30 to 12 o'clock and see the food dished up and rolled down the center aisle on the wheeled "two-deckers." Tarry till the gong sounds and see 1,000 men pass in and take their seats. There would be lots more fun in it for you if the captain would "hunch" you in the ribs and tell you to "sit down and take suthin'," but don't feel slighted if he seems to forget. You are hungry enough to eat 1 iu AaJu'ttit no Mveii raw turnips, and he knows it and is feeling awful mean about it. but he 's doing businei^s for his Uncle with a big U, and you know how it is yourself, we can get along with alnost anyl>ody better than with our own kin. When you arc tired lo€cn a matter of public comment. I refer to the singular concurrence of the regular quar- terly payment of pensions and the prompt arrival at the Home of two cars of Anhciiscr-Busch's "best ' direct from St. Louis. In noting this regularly recurring incident, now for some years l(K>key the ex it thcCniJtcen on and immediately after pension day Perish the thought! Af' ! in a . ' ral reform, aneen a shrewd man of the world. He was a near rrl.uive of Vinnic Ream, the artist, whose statue of Lincoln stands in the National Pantheon at Washington. " It was a winter's night here in ul«l Ward One." said Mack. " and Bob was ver>' bad; we were up with him the most of the night, and in the morning he was taken to the convalescent barrack for better care. There he sank rapidly and .soon died. The burial el batter>*, tlu- scarred and trampled earth still giving every sign of the harvest of dtath reaped here ' On this spot I picked up the eyelet end of a leather tug of artillery harness, severed by a sabre stroke. The eylet itselt w.is not the smooth and j ist- ing such as adcrned the Federal harness, but had l>een palie:...:. -alen out and fashioned on the anvil and rudely but stoutly riveted to the leather, and the small relic ha- six- teen men of a Louisiana battery, and I challenge earth to show a nobler burial. Here together, "on the field of their fame, fresh and gory.' 74 The National Home. these American soldiers — our foes that day — gave proof of their man- hood and of the glorious stuff of which American soldiers are made by sealing their claim to the world's admiration with their blood. And palsied be the hand that could break in upon their glorified slumbers, and cart off the kingly sleepers to a cheap and second-hand funeral in alien soil. What wreck profane hands have made of this altar of American valor in these two and thirty years I know not, but I- have a strong suspicion that the desecration has been complete, as of all others. And say wdiat you will, the misgiving will forever abide that the sleeper beneath is not correctly portrayed by the inscription on the headstone. In my admiration of these fallen braves I had forgotten that they had ever been our enemies. What boots that ye cannot name every sleeper in the lowly bed where he was first laid. This ye were not able to do in any event, and so much the less reason for disturbing them. I, for one — and there are millions like me — wash my hands of this unwonted, untimely, profane resurrection of our dead. The noblest inscription ever graven in granite to commemorate our illustrious dead, slain in defense of the integrity and honor of the Union, is that significant and solemn declaration : To THE Unknown. Only the great stone rests not upon the right spot. Eternal truth, and the immeasurable heritage of the Father's love which he hath bestowed upon his children, as expressed in the ideal love of country, is nobly declared and vindicated in these three words; and I call the youth of my country to witness that if there be any con- solation, and inspiration for human hearts in the surrender of life and one's very name to the glory and perpetuity of the Republic, it may be found in these awful words of mystery and sacrifice. Sons and daugh- ters of our dear Columbia, seek 3^6 for proof of the high ideal of patri- otic devotion in the heroic age of the Republic ? Fling your flowers here, and upon this block of memorial granite hang your wreaths of immortelles. The ill-trained hirelings were too uncertain in their botched and reckless work of fitting and joining the poor bones broken and splintered by the iron sledges of war. Out of such a jumble as stands Th€ National Hottu. 75 to their charge the poor lads will have trouble in adjusting their artic- ulated framework when the angel with one foot on land and one on aea shall sound the general reveille. I know very well that it would vex me to stand there in the "dark offing" with my wings folded and look on at those fellows giving my skull (on an even trade!) for that fellow's femur, and this ni< !'cnt tibia of mine, fit for service, they toss to Touj because he > be short, and for one great toe mislaid they offer me nothing at all, alth(>U);h there are plenty of stjuare-toed feet to choose from. No, sir! I couM wish they had let me alone. I was doin^ \ er \ well. The boys gave me the best lodgings they had on the dark and bloody ground, and the sweetsmelliuK turf has healed the wounds for which there was no other earthly balm. And now these lewd fellows of the ba.ser sort come here to take me away from the bedfellows once wrapjK'd with me in the wrathful fires of contending hosts, and to put me — what they can find of me-- in strange quarters, pieced out with bits of other folk! And all the consolation I have is in seeing the giant there, who requited me ill* comi>elled to give up the l>est part of his backbone for the dwarf's basket of ribs, which make a sorry display and inadequate neath the chin of the disgruntled Goliath. Gentlemen, I am ashamed of you for this day's work, and of my dismantled condition, and salute you with such grace as a soldier with a disfigured and much mixed identity can command. SOLDIERS' HOMKS IN FOREIGN LAND.S PKNSIONKRS I.KAVINO THK INVAI.IDKS. Before very long it is cxiKcicd that the Hotel des Invalides — the gilt dome of which forms such a conspicuous landmarl in Paris — will have cea«^d to exist, at all events as what may be called the home of the French Chelsea pensioners. By degrees the number of pensioners lodged there has diminished until they are a mere handful. It seems that ol«l soldiers do not care to continue to live in barracks after their retirement, but that they prefer a pension out.side. I>c it ever .so small. Owing lo the decrease in the number of pensioners, a public sale has been held at the place of furniture and other superfluous articles. Tki Ik'aiional Homr. T7 Ladirvwt" ' byy tlieir ^ _ (lur rarlliiira for m«nufactHrlaff HAIR «• roiI.I'.T /^H^^ ^"^•'* TOIPF.HH AND At VINCKMX'S, flBK' Uli Air unf«|u»«c f»t- rT?^" T <• all Ibr talrsldoicB* ARTUTIC 1 HalrCattii HAIR ng ant! DRK&SING. 1 Manicure. vmCKXT i: OR ni WUI chai>. ; K WASH '.r of hair to a •ndc III Coiffurr*. Ilanga. a::d Hwticbr*. ' K HAIR ORNAMRNTS CuitkUl of rnlirrly nrw dc«ivi>*. many of wHirb cannot be luund rl»c«tbrrc In tbrcity Elegant Millinery Goods la which we offer the greatral tnducrnirnt* to the Udiea in HATH A9D BO%^l:TitBnd all the latcai novcltiea and deaixii* ^'or correct atytra, wurkinan»hly and elegant materials we arc accond to none. J. E.VINCENT HAIR & MILLINERY CO. W»ST»K1 A«»:^TH H>B The L«ading Imported and Domestic Toilet and Complexion Goods. Theatrical Goods. Grease Paints, General Stage Make-up. Wigs. Ikanls, Mustaches. Croppc Hair, Wool and Spirit (riim. Perfect fitting Wigs and Toupees Made to Order. m Modern Turkish Baths FOK i.ai>ii-;m umi.v. Finftt In thf TCfit with fir«t rli « ••- n^! m.l cxiwricnced attenrfan^* »n ••♦tarr*' w»»« »« i»:!l« in«*.u.»: Tit > I % Ha!)). • ■ .» f 1 ' .<:: (>«tt k "<' KU«Utc it; aient. are • n corrkhponi>i:mci\ moi.ic itko. All OrdrrM Hy ni«ll ««lll Hrrrlvc Carrfiil mikI i*r out |tl % iifiii lf>ii. J. E. VINCENT HAIR AND MILI.INHKY CO.. in:i, ^|,lin Strrrt. Til rt'in> N / .'»o. /v t N ^ N ' / / I »/o. 78 Chelsea Hospital. Some old clothing, belonging to dead and gone pensioners, was also disposed of. Among the kitchen utensils brought to the hammer was a copper saucepan, no longer needed, which was so large that it took six men to carry it to the cart on which it was taken away. A facetious bidder, who asked the auctioneer whether he would put up the pensioner's "wooden head," of which French legend speaks, was informed that unfortunately that interesting object was not included in the catalogue. CHELSEA HOSPITAE The Chelsea Hospital was founded to provide a suitable home for soldiers disabled by wounds or age. It was the first national provision created in England for veteran soldiers as a class. In Ireland, its sis- ter establishment at Kilmainham, in the suburbs of Dublin, was erected about the same time, for the relief of soldiers on the separate Irish Establishment. That hospital still survives as a home for pensioners, selected from those resident in Ireland. It is separately governed on a system similar to that in force in Chelsea. The standing or Parliamentary Army of England was first raised in the year 1060. From that time, therefore, dates the system of enlist- ing soldiers into the service of the country as a profession requiring the best ps rts of their lives, and the consequent obligation on the part of the country to make provision for their general support in old age. The necessity of a national provision having thus arisen on the creation of a standing army, difficulty in supplying it was felt, owing to the reluctance of Parliament to vote more than the merest pittance for the service of the army, scarcely sufficient for the pay and allow- ances of the soldier serving. Under these circumstances, to meet the desire of Chares II. to save his old soldiers from indigence, an ingen- ious minister devised a plan for the erection of a hospital or home without appealing to Parliament for the necessary funds. Sir Stephen Fox, the Paymaster-General of the Forces, who had accumulated a considerable fortune by his financial relations with the soldier, was generous enough to give in return personal assistance towards this end, and clever enough to procure from the Army itself the bulk of the funds, by deductions from pay under certain conditions, by the contribution of a day's pay in the year, and in other ways. The King Cheisea Hospital. appealed to the public also for votuniar>' aid, but the appeals were not vcr>- succ«viful. The accounts are still in existence, and the exact figures shown. The whole of the voluntary contributions did not amount to *iU,(lU>/. The Kinjj gave in addition nearly 7,U0i>/., an unapplied balance of secret service money. Chelsea Hospital may therefore be said to have l)een mainly built by the Army itself, as a home for its veterans. Its lands were purchased in the same way, and increased from the pro- ceeds of legacies. Parliament can claim no ownership over either. As a well known writer concisely states. "Within the walls of Chelsea Hospital the veteran has indeed nothing to complain of — but why.' Hecause the establishment is his own, built by his own or his prede. cessor s money." It is true that the current support of the soldier in the Hospital is voted by Parliament, as the soldiers pay is voted, that support being his deferred pay. due to him by right of his contract on enlistment. The Hospital, therefore, is in no sense a charity. The soldier is there in enjoyment of honest independence, earned by long and arduous devotion to his country's service. There can be no doubt that it was the intention to have a home sufficiently large to accommodate all entitled to admission. And when the foundation-stone was laid in HVM'i the estimate of space was fairly formetl. By the time, however, of the completion of the '^uilding, ten years later, the expectants had grown in number, and when it was o(K*ned it was found necessary to give out-pensions to a few whose admission had to be deferred. Thus arose the Chelsea Out-Pensions, and the rapid and continuous increase of the Army soon led to the out pensioners Inrcoming the larger body, in time dwarfing into insig- nificance the relative proportion <>f the in-pensioners. so much so as at the present day to be UK) to 1. This unexpected state of things has altered to some extent the scheme of in-pension, making it now the provision for a selected number from the out-pensioners, the blind, the paralyzed, the decrepit from diseases of various kinds, and the ver>' aged, all unprovided with suitable homes amongst their friends, and for whom any ortlinary allowance in money could not scr\*e to provide '• -:cH in their individual cap.icities. Considering that the outpen- ■ rs arc now alxmtHTi.tlOt) in number, it may he inferred how many '\\\ under this description. Al>out US per cent of the sum goes to out- ; ' :: inncrs. the remainder to in i>ensioners, the latter numbering MO >. . . '.aand 15<>at Kilmainliam. 80 Chelsea Hospital. Locally, Chelsea Hospital has obtained the character of other utility by reason of its gardens, which are large and well kept, open to the public on much the same conditions as the larger parks, and from long usage now inalienable to other purposes, though their mainten- ance is not a charge on Parliamentary funds. They comprise about sixty acres of open space, the greater part of which is accessible freely to the public. The selection of in-pensioners is made, as already stated, from the body of out-pensioners, and on the principle that those only are admitted who from age or suffering cannot employ their time to their own advantage in civil occupations, and are without suitable homes with their friends or families. The rules for the guidance of the Com- missioners in making the selection are issued by the Queen. In-pen- sioners are removed from the out-pension list, their wants in food and clothing being supplied from the Hospital funds, and a small money allowance in addition for tobacco, etc. The labor required in the Hos- pital is almost all performed by the in-pensioners themselves, and for this they are paid. One hundred and seventy small plots of garden are assigned to this number of men, from the cultivation of which with flowers and vegetables they earn some money, visitors being wil- ling purchasers. Thus, between employment in light hospital labor and the garden cultivation, a large proportion of in-pensioners earn some money, almost every pensioner who is at all capable of physical exertion. Residence in in-pension, though eagerly sought, is not after- wards enforced, any man being allowed to return to out-pension and quit the Hospital when he pleases, and a few are found to avail them- selves of this privilege, for discontent and desire of change are found amongst this class as amongst all others. In almost every instance, however, early application is made for permission to return. A pen- sioner who makes himself a discomfort to others by much irregularity of any kind is made to revert to out-pension, but stricter discipline is not enforced. In addition to all usual wants in diet, clothing, and housing, a staff of medical men and nurses reside for the care of the sick and feeble, and an infirmary with 100 beds, which are found inad- equate for demands. Church services for the three leading religious bodies are provided by the Commissioners, and the chaplains and church visiting organizations encouraged to aflford every aid. Friends visit the pensioners without restriction, and the latter move about the neighborhood at will within reasonable hours. Furlough is allowed to those who desire to visit their friends in country places. Chflsra Hospital. 81 The first stone of the Hospital was laid by the King on 17th Feb- ruary. IrtSl'J. Ten ycark later ihc building was ready for occupation, though not completed till lrtU4. In prints of the day the structure .1 ; ars just as it now is, without the smallest subsidiary buildings < added for the secretary's office, and, on the op|>osite side, some officers' quarters, and the large range of infirmary buildings, all of which were built or acquired in the early part of the present century. The sums expended for land, building, and furnishing in twenty \ ears from IfVSl amounted to 157,000/., from which it may be inferred that the main structure cost 1:U).0eds are found in the infirmary); (6) great kitchen, in which the whole of the food is prepared, save infirmary diets prepared in the infirmar>' itself; <£-) chapel, with seats for 3*M) pensioners, and pews for the officers; \d) great hall, formerly a dining-room, but now a general day-room, the {>ensioners dining in messes in their wards; (e) library, containing t.iHH) volumes of books and liberal supply of newspapers and maga- zines; (/)(|uarters for 13 military officers and for non-.v)nunissioned officers and apartments for nnrses. A gardener's lodge, an improved 1 v:!idry. and a model bakery have been erected within recent years. 1: 1. 1 supplied by contract, from one cause or another, never gave 'satisfaction. The decadence ot" Waterloo veterans is almost complete. There were M in the Hospital in the year 1870, 'M\ in the year 1S7'J. ir> in 187rt. 1 1 in 1878. U in 1879. none in 1895. The dietary of 430 pensioners is shown in the ; table. TIjc remaining numlnrr, say 1 1<». are dieted in the infin. ording to arrangements ordered by the medical staff to suit their various wants* *■ l)est quality only, is crtntracted for, and full power given to rs to reject it if inferior. Each man daily: Bread. 1 (Kuind; butter, 1 ounce; good cocoa. { of an ounce. good mois* in the morning; rock! black tea, \ of an ounce. good ni .\\ ounce, in the cvi-ijiiiL'. the l>est new milk. ^ of a pint, imperial. On Sundays and Wcdti- ' Ucc!. 13 ounces, ]>otatoes. 1 pound; flour, .'• , , t. I^ ounces; best wa.shed currents. 1 ounce; rice, ^ an ounce. 82 Chelsea Hospital. Five days per week each man: Mutton, 13 ounces; potatoes, 1 pound; ■ barley,' Scotch, ^ ah ounce. ' On Fridays: Cheese, ^ a pound. ■ ' Or in lieu of these, when demanded: On Sundays for each man: Bfeef, 13 ounces; potatoes, 1 pound; rice, 4^ ounces; suet, \ an ounce; sligar, 1^ ounces; milk, | of a pint, imperial; or, beef, 13 ounces; pota- toes, 8 ounces; cabbage or other vegetable, 1 pound. On Wednesdays for each man: Bacon, 10 ounces; potatoes, 8 'ounces; cabbage or other vegetable, 1 pound. Strangers usually desire to see the chapel and hall, the wards, the public monuments, and the gardens. The chapel and great hall are of the same size, each 108 feet long and 37 feet wide. The ceiling of the former being coved and of the latter flat, the proportions of the apartments appear different. Both chapel and hall are hung with flags, taken from the enemy in war, and for the most part transferred here from other places in the year 1835 by King William IV. Of those in the hall scarcely more than thp poles survive, but those in the chapel are in a fair state of preservation. In addition to the flags, the chapel contains many eagles taken from the French Army. The following flags, etc., may be mentioned as fairly preserved and identified: American flag, 68th Regiment, James City, Light Infantry. An Eagle, on white ground, with stars and the scroll "E Pluribus Unum." On the reverse, red stripes and cap of Eiberty and "Virginia" on a blue band. Captured at Bladensburg by the 85th Regiment in 1814. American cavalry flag, captured by same regiment at same place. An eagle on blue ground. \st Har ...., Light Dragoojis. ''Touch Me Not'' on scroll. American flag. Eagle on blue ground. 2d Regiment of Infantry. Date of capture not known. No. 26. Eagle of 62d French Regiment, taken at Salamanca in 1812. No. 38. Eagle of 22d French Regiment, taken at same place. Of these two eagles the following accounts were published: " Lieutenant Pearce, of the 44th, had the honor of capturing a " French eagle at the glorious battle of Salamanca. This officer, " attached to the 5th or General Eeith's Brigade, was ordered with his " regiment to charge the French Infantry, nowthr own into confusion " by the valour of our men. Seeing the trophy unscrewed from the " staff and in the act of being concealed, he gallantly attacked the Cheistu Hoipital. 83 ' Frenchmen, from whose hands he wrested it. and preiiented il on the ' field of battle to the General, who requested him to retain it and pre- ■ sent it the following morning to Lord Wellington." (On the -Olh May, IMT. this officer called at the Hospital to see the eagle, for capturing which he obtained his company.) ICagle and flag ol" the 4t>th French Regiment taken hy Sergeant Kwart. Scots Greys, at Waterloo. Kxtract from a letter which Sergeant Ewart (after\vards Hnsign. ."ith Royal Veteran Battalion) wrote to his father relative to the cap- uire of this eagle: '■ It was in the first charge. about 11 o'clock, I took the eagle from " the enemy. He and I had a hard contest for it. He thrust for my • groin, I parried it off and cut him through the head, after which I " was attacked by one of their Lancers, who threw his lance at me, " but missed the mark by my throwing it off by my sword at the right '■ side; then I cut him from tlic chin upwards, which went through his " teeth. Next I was attacked by a foot soldier, who. after firing at me , ' » li.irv;t «1 me with his bayotut. but he very soon lost the combat, for I p.iin'-d il anil cut him d' w. through the head, so that finished the " contest for the eagle. ' I took the eagle into Brussels " midst the acclamations ot t " v it." I\xtracl from the Guide I . ^ : loo Model: " As the Scots Greys passed through and mingled with the High- 1 inl. rs. the enthusiasm of both corps was extraordinary. They inuui illy cheered, Scotland forever!' as their war-shout. The smoke ' in which the head of the French column was enshrouded had not ' *' ly when the Grr\ • • " - ma.ss. * * * Within i! loo, was Ixjrne t ; ' ' .. ^' of the 4r»th Regiment. " proudly displaying on its banner the names /<-«<». AnstfrlUs, Wag' "ram. and /" * fields in \v! ■ ■ . h.id co- 'If " with glor> iuired tl)r «; »f the 1: es. " A devoted liand encircled the sacred standard, which attracted the "«>'• ibition of n daring and adventurous ■ >< • of the Greys, etc., etc." Kagle and flag of the lO'ith Regiment, taken by Captain Clark .... . . - -. ■ - ■ ■ . p - - , 't- *,^_ LKmpereur Napoleon au H*o Regiment d'lnfanterie de lignc. The hall has been the scene of some remarkable event.*: the court- 84 Chelsea Hospital. martial on the conduct of General Whitelocke; the court of inquiry into the Convention of Ciutra; the laying in state of the Duke of Welling- ton, 10th to 17th November, 1852; the Crimean inquiry, etc. A num- ber of old pensioners, who had served under the Duke, gathered from all parts of the kingdom, followed the body from Chelsea to St. Paul's. The world hadn't laughed since the crucifixion till America was discovered, and Uncle Sam went up against the pewter crowns of Europe in his best suit of stripes and swallow-tail and told the unicorns rampant that they might consider him in the race. This he did with his characteristic good humor, his famous bell- crowned hat under his arm, dispensing right and left his most gracious compliments, his truly beautiful and profound genuflections. He was so entirely at home, so much at his ease, and through it all there shone so much of that peculiar occidental brusque-nerve, so much of the daring of the Brule-Sioux brave, that while the mitred Brownies hated, they feared, but would not acknowledge him till he had tied Burgoyne and Cornwallis up by the thumbs, put Packingham to sleep at New Orleans, and sunk their pirate Alabama off Cherbourg harbor. They know us now, and we laugh, and the poor serfs in distant lands, who have not had a good laugh in twenty centuries, laugh now and with us, a big hopeful laugh, at the big fellow across the sea who wears the stripes of his flag in his breeches and the stars thereof in his " westcut," and who don't care a continental for none of them. Back in 1850 this eagle-beaked old uncle went over to Japan, his genial peach-colored face all aglow with love for his kind, and knocked at the door of the strange little seagirt isle: " Hello! " he cried, in kind old-fashioned greeting ; " hello, little one ! come out into the fresh air and be one of us ! " And he thrilled the little yellow chap with that touch of nature we all know about, and lo, what a little encourage- ment has done ! Yesterday lyi Hung Chang, the friend of Gen. Grant and our friend, got into trouble and comes with confidence to our grand old uncle to help him adjust hi"* difficulties with his neighbors. And the Frenchman is onto the situation and solves the riddle by announcing the last advent — America, the seventh of the great Euro- pean powers. The past is illustrious with the names of Washington, Adams, and Franklin, the future of my country glorious beyond conception, but as for me, I am satisfied to have lived contemporary with Abraham Cketsea Hospital. 85 017 W^[^vt7■o5r; \^\\^^ Qty t^9 Lincoln. UlyAHCH S. Grant. William Tecumsch Sherman. George H. Thomas, and the host of kuu.vn and unknown heror* who. on land and sea. made the supreme and triumphant struggle fur the Union founded by our fathers. One, Two, Three. ONE, TWO, THREE, And How They Come Out. When 1 think of Waterloo three figures step out to view — Wel- lington, Napoleon, and the Belgic housewife. And it occurs to me to say here that, while some men are building empires, others are engaged in tearing them down, and still others are raising cabbages — all of them labors necessary to the advancement of the race, and no one of them less valuable than the other, nor less honorable, in proof of which the extremes of our equation have often met and exchanged places, to the great gain of themselves and of the world at large. It is in this interconvertible feature in the industries of the world and the occasional shuffte of the actors therein that our safety lies, and which assures the advancement of civilization. Having unloaded this sage piece of philosophy upon the reader, we will proceed to the consideration of other relevant matters. As Wellington's regiments filed out of Brussels for the fray, the Flemish women filed in with their market carts, themselves seated atop of their peas and potatoes. The British were determinedly intent on tearing a hastily erected empire down, and " Boney " and his men, further down in the woods there, were as fully set upon making their work stick ! Now old Sol rose that morning broad-faced and smiling^ mounted to his meridian in his usual unperturbed manner, and, like the honest body that he has ever been reputed to be, laid him down in the west, disturbed at nothing he had seen on his way The cabbages grew as he beamed upon them, and as for the "Juke" and " Boney," he saw them tumbling over each other like pismires perturbed, but that to him was as old as cabbages, and did not excite his comment. "People might get excited about such things as that, but not the father of lights," he was heard to say, as he went to rest on his pillow of red cloud. No more could the Brussels fraii, for she bought her cabbage on that June morning in 1815, rightly anticipating that her household and herself would be as hungry on that day as on any other, and she put it on to boil, and as it was a Sunday dinner, she looked carefully to her broth, and when the French cavalry opened right and left like a cur- tain, and out of this pocket the fair lilies of the South bent wrathfully over the British squares, she tasted and said, ''Das ist gut ! " Smooth it over as we will, Arthur Wellesley and the yellow Corsi- can had a genuine, old-fashioned "scrap," and disturbed the peace of the OHf, Two, Three. 87 neighburhood not a litllc- trampled the fields of tall r>'c into the earth whilst the ^oov frau redoubled her exertions, whacked the ball of dough with her rolling-pin. put her sturdy arms to the work. r<)lleoiling pot bub- .V i sputtered, busily keeping time to the deep reverlxrrations of the guns twelve miles away. Surely the/raw is right, for a good dinner !. i- ' ■••• more to keep the piue than all the .sermons ever preached, hw.vc'^t: it may fail this time, and if the world were called to divide <»n pie vt. powder, saltpetre would n't be in it, and the ixx>r eculiar field of enterprise, that we feel that we are doing the economic buyer and the general public a real service by asking one and all to carefully study our advertising department. Particularly if you are a stranger and unacquainted, you will find it to your |)crsonal interest to call upon these gentlemen at their places o business, or to communicate with them through the mails. AT THK FORT During tiie sumnier season, drill will he held in the • ' rn- ing. front 7 to >i o'clock, altern.nling, company drill and i or regimental drill. The weekly dress p.iiicic will he held at sunset as follows: Mon- day. 1st Battalion, 20th Imaiilry; Tuesday, -d Battalion, *J(>th Infantry; Wednesday. Cavalry Squadrons; Thursday. Regiment of Infantry; Friday, review of the entire command. The engineers can now be distinguished from the soldiers in other branches of the army by* the change in their uniforms to dark blue trousers. The open air concerts at the Post will be held every Monday. Tuesday, and Thursday at 8 o'clock. J. J. YoiLz;, Butcher, Packer aud Stock Dealer. ARTIFIClAh ICE MANUFACTURER. 734-736-738-740 SHAWNEE STREET. AND 11^-1 ZZlZ^-1^1 SENECA STREET. I^on\'Oii\\'nr1 h, - _ - KnnsQS* lionukiict side Loal Mnitu. '.M THK HoMK RIVKRSIDE COAL MINING COMPANY. T.KAV- KNWORTH. KANSA- in I (iiivri-^.iiioii with the average cilJAcn <•. iAMvi-iiwi»itii un to her iuiluxtries and i)ossi)>ilities as a manufacturing center, the first word that is given expression to is coal. With the thought that in all the vast expanse of country lying north of the Kiw and south of the D.ikoias, west of the Missouri and cast of the Rocky Mountains Leavenworth is the only coal-producing counlx; one cannot but real' i/e that Leavenworth, by her location, certainly is in a position to at least successfully compete with any other coal district, if not able to dictate terms. We can be brought to still closer lines when we arc shown that The Home-Riverside Coal Mining Company are operating within the bounds of the rity limits of that most beautiful and pictur- esque Missouri River city. Leavenworth, two of the largest coal-pro- ducing plants in the Western country, which practically control the .situation in that district. The present volume of business being done by The Home-River side Coal Mining Company is only another public demonstration of what are the possibilities where -.^o-.d mnnagetnent and close attention to business are displayed. The affairs now being ;i i".;-'! i>\' tiie above tianied corporation are the outgrowth of the buMiuss. consolidated, arising from the prod- ucts of two of the most important coal mines in the State of Kansas, viz.. "The Home" and "The Riverside"; both located within the cor- IH)rate limits of the city of Leavenworth. Inuring the year 1887 The Riverside Coal Company was formed ( tncnl of *' ' ■ ^1:: *. " ' ' he i' ink and >. Dunng the following year The Home Mining Company was f ' • •• of Julius S. ICdwards as president, the li . (I. The years 1887 and iSSS marked a new era in the history of the city of I.' '■ ■ ' . ' . ,' distinction of * Mg one of til ' ; West. On i. !H94, the Riverside mine was purchased from the Kansas and Texa.H ' ' V l)y the of the IT rs This ni l)y the < le Home mine was considered by the citizens a display of good business judgment, and a public demonstration of confidence in the future of 92 Home-Riverside Coal Mining Co. the city. The Home-Riverside Coal Mining Company is strictly a Kansas and Leavenworth institution; the same existing under a char- ter issued by virtue of the laws of the State of Kansas. The entire capital stock of the corporation, $350,000, is held jointly by Colonel David A. McKibben, Major John M. Laing, and Hon. Harvey D. Rush, all old and respected citizens of lycavenworth. The present management, under which the property is being suc- cessfully operated, are David A. McKibben, President; Harvey D. Rush, Vice-President; John M. Laing, Treasurer; James L- McKibben, Secretary; George W. Kierstead, Superintendent. The personality of the management is a sufficient guarantee that the new corporation, The Home-Riverside Coal Mining Company, can be classed among the strongest in the city, both from a financial stand- point as well as ability to successfully handle the afiairs of a corpora- tion of this magnitude. The corporation owns and controls, approximately, 4,000 acres of coal rights, besides several hundred acres of land in fee-simple and platted property within the city limits, all lying in an unbroken body. Situated approximately in the center of this vast body of coal rights, there stand the magnificent hoisting plants. The Home, No. i, lo- cated at the corner of Second and Maple streets in Fackler's Addition; and The Riverside, No. 2, located at the east end of Santa Fe Street, in the South Side Park; both situated on the west bank of the great Missouri River; each plant with a shaft 10 feet by 14 feet by 700 feet in depth. With these shafts, which are just five thousand feet apart, are connected the underground workings of the mines, which are worked under a system known as the Longwall. These underground workings are connected by a tunnel, in size 6 feet by 6 feet by more than 6,000 feet in length, which lies directly under the bed of the Mis- souri River. The construction of this single piece of underground work, "the tunnel," required the combined labor, continuously, night and day, of six men for more than one year, and cost to construct more than $25,000. "The tunnel," as it is termed, is considered one of the greatest mining engineering feats that has ever been accomplished in the West. The work was started from the face of the workings of each of the two mines, lying between which was nearly 4,000 feet of solid strata, through which the tunnel must be driven; from the point of beginning in both mines the objective point to be reached by each was the same. HomeRivernde Caai Mining Co 03 On tin- Mi^ht of December yx, 1892. the break-through was made lietween the two workings, and when a sufficient opening was devel- oped, and a line by the transit run through, it was dt-tertnincd that the variation in a true line from tht* point of beginning in each working was so small that it was impracticable to figure. Some of the most cxf>ert mining engineers in the West have inspected the work and pro- nounced it simply wonderful. In the undergroond workings of these two mines more than seven huii the surface are daily employed over seven hun- dred men. who dig. prepare, load, and send to the shafts, to be hoisted to the surface, over twelve hundred tons, or 30,000 bushels, of the black diamonds. There are etnployed for hauling the pit cars, in which is loaded the coal, twenty-eight mules. After the coal is hoisted to the surface, it is especially prepared into different grades and dis- tributed to the trade throughout Kansas, Nebraska, and Missouri. The coal is of the bituminous class. It is used ver>' largely for domestic purposes. It is also a first-class steam coal, a fact that is appreciated by the various railroad corporations whose lines extend through and beyond the district. For several years past there has l)een annually used by the different railroad companies more than 75,000 tons. The location of both the No. i and No. 2 plants is such that either one or the other of them is reached by the tracks of all the im- portant railway systems cohiiiiv; into Leavenworth. This is a great advantage to the coal company, as they are thus enabled, without delay, to handle their products and make quick shipments, which is an item that is always appreciated by their patrons. The local or city traile. which during the winter season averages from eight to ten thousand bushels per day, is handled at The Home, No. I riant. The physical condition of the two mines,' both underground and .surface, is considered by those competent to judge to be equal, if not .su|)erior. to that of any other c«)al property in the State. A gentleman from the Kast. "a coal property exi>ert," was recently in Leavenworth to examine these properties. After looking them over thoroughly in every detail, he pronounced ihcm. as to construction, equipment, gen* eral physical condition, neatness, and dispatch with which the proper- ties were operated, the most coniplete and liest managed that it had ever been his experience to examine in the West. While his report u.is .1 strong one. it was conservative, and not in the least exaggcr "••■' 94 /\ansas State Prison. Since August ist, the date of the consolidatiou of the two proper- ties, there has been taken out and placed upon the market more than two and one-half million bushels of coal, or an average of a half-mil- lion bushels per month. With this volume of business continued dur- ing the balance of the fiscal year, the new corporation will put upon the market, approximately, 6,000,000 bushels per annum. To produce this enormous output, there are employed, directly and indirectly, more than 800 men. The pay-rolls amount, approximately, to $30,000 per month. The State Prison is very like Jim Fisk's gravevard : those without don't want to get in, and those within can't get out. However, if you really want to "get in," and will take the risk of getting out, you will be admitted between the hours of one and four o'clock p. m. on Tues- day, Wednesday, and Friday. Emmet Dalton, survivor of the Dalton raid on the bank at Coflfeyville, Kansas, is the head cutter in the tailor- ing department. Other "life-men" and women, and notables of long or short terms, will be pointed out to you. Columbus iu^\ Qo- Kansas City, Mo. Our Motto, Latest Styles, Hii^hcst Grade at moderate priee. If you want the best, buy nothing but a g Powder, Coffees, Etc., ^taLixds at tlio Head For PURITY, UNIFORMITY AND SUPERIORITY OF QUALITY. C. A. MURDOCH MFG. CO., 1235 and 1327 Union Av., KANSAS CITY. 96 The J. A. KITZLER Cornice and Ornament Co. MAN t- FACTUM i; MM OF el Heial Cornices, Sky-Lights, ^nioke Slacks, i :?.^ •'- wT 600 602 WEST FIFTH STREET Heavy Sheet Iron Work, Tin, Slate and Tile Roofing. KANSAS CITY MO. 1. W. WOODWARD. r A FAXON. j. C. HORTON. U/oodvuard, paxoi} 9 Qo. WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS. -• 1*1. Ml 11^ / N • *- *^ Paints, Oils and Glass. 1206. 1208 and 1210 Uni'Mi Avenne. near Union Depot. KANSAS CITY, MO. W^ILSON ASKBU'', F^RAN^i: ASKEW, F'rest. & Treas. Vicp-F'rest. 8t Secy. THE ASKEW SADDLERY CO. MANUFACTURERS & JOBBERS OF SADDLES, HARNESS AND -^^COLLARS^^ iVos. S13 to 223 DeleLV^eirG St. Manses City, Mo. Armour Packing Co. KA.NSA.S CITY, MO Proprietors of the largest apd most fipely equipped Packing House in the World. Hlsh Qrade s pecialties, ^'White LabeF' Leaf Lard, ''Silver Churn'' Butterine, ''Gold Band" Hams and Breakfast Bacon. The name, Armour Packing Co., on provisions is recognized as a guarantee of excellence. JJircct Route PROM ALiU POINTS OF THE COMPASS ..TO.. 2 • DAILY TRAINS * 2 KyflPPKD WITH A ♦ Pullman Buffet Sleeping Cars Reclining Chair Cars Modern Day Coaches m I « I I 1 Tn I Xoptb Mpd S'»<>tl> ©oTorcado Short tine Zepl^yr-pa^r^ed f^esorts <>t nil Grcnl r)iVi(lc. I < O WAHM'K V(c» I'rralctrnt w N < \fl. Burlington Roure C'^t )taulp-p^e^d J^airuCi^- BETWEEN LEAVENWORTH %ia KANSAS CITY ST. JOSEPH • ATCHISON ST. LOUIS CHICAGO OMAHA DENVER ST. PAUL MINNEAPOLIS Hundreds of Miles the Shortest Line to Montana Points. DINING CARS ON THROUGH TRAINS. Gen. Agt., Leavenworth. D. O. IVES, G. P. A., St. LOUI& The • • • Kansas City STOCK YARDS Are ihe Mosi Complete *•■ Commodioiis in I he West AND THE SECOND LARGEST IN THE WORLD. The* entire Mttllroitd N>Mteiti of the* ^nTeNt iiiid HoitlH^^eNt ceiiterliiK l«t Kitiintt** t'lt> liMX flir«-cl ritll i-oii ii«*t'tioii %%llli llit-Mf VMrtlw. \> III! Ulll- plc- (McllllU-M lor receivliiK itiicl rr- NliippltiK MKtrk. t '^'i^ OIQclal Receipts for 18M. Hiaacliur»4 la K*i>>j< ( lif . . o.':»4 a»7,a7o .-10II.IN1 I I !>' 69.11 1« 4S''^'': %/'*~-'^ o\' s^-^ '^^y.'' %-.,.-e*^^^- .^*' ^